ExAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT sTIIIKIOm

LLETIN NO. 23s SEPTEMBER, 191s

DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY

bperative Fertilizer Experiments With Cot-
 ton, Corn, Sweet Potatoes and Irish
i Potatoes, 1908-1917

 

B. YOUNGBLOOD, DIRECTOR
COLLEGE STATION, BRAZOS COUNTY, TEXAS.

K

 

[Blank Page in Original Bulletin]

CONTENTS.
 PAGE
 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

 Nature and significance of fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

 Interpretation of field experiments with fertilizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '2'

f Plan of the cooperative fertilizer experiments. . . .  .; . . . . . . . . ..

 General results of the experiments with cotton . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . 9

 Detailed results of the experiments with cotton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

Results of the experiments with corn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15

 Results of the expariments with Irish p-otatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1'?

i Results of the experiments with sweet potatoes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 19

 Miscellaneous experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20

 Index to» experiments by counties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21

 Details of experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 23

it Miscellaneous crops . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

’Cotton, 1911-1917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26

00m, 1915-1919 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. v4

Irish potatoes, 1911-1917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 92

p Sweet potatoes, 1911-1917 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  103

 Summary and conclusions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .'. . . . . . . . . . . . 124

4 .
\'

[Blank Page in Original Bulletin]

 

I and 1910.

BULLETIN 235 SEPTEMBER, 1918

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS WITH COTTON,
CORN, SWEET POTATOES AND IRISH POTATOES,
1908-1917

G. S. FRAPs, PH. D., CHIEF, DIVISION OF CHEMISTRY; STATE CHEMrsT

INTRODUCTION

Cooperative fertilizer experiments were begun in 1907 by the Division
of Chemistry of the Texas Experiment Station. Only a few experi-
ments were conducted that year, but in subsequent years from 100 to
200 experiments were carried out each year. Bulletin 138, now out of
print, contains a report of the successful experiments in 1908, 1909,
Bulletin 18/1 contains a detailed report of the experiments
with corn in 1911, 1912, 1913, and 1914. This bulletin contains a
report of experiments up to 1918. In 1918, the experiments were tem-
porarily discontinued for several reasons. ~

The cooperative fertilizer experiments have several objects. One ob-
ject is to secure information as to the kind of fertilizers needed for
diflferent types of Texas soils. After a sufficient number of experiments
have been conducted on various types of soil, the relation between the
soil types and the actual needs of the soil in the field will be traced.

Another object of the experiments is to ascertain the relation between

it the results of the fertilizer experiments and the chemical composition of

the soil. It is a well known fact that fertilizer experiments on one type
of soil are not necessarily applicable to the same crop grown on another
and different type. Comprehensive experiments on single types are thus,
therefore, of limited application in many cases, and should not without
careful study be applied to other types of soil. The chemical analysis
of the soil and pot experiments with the different soils are being con-
ducted in connection with the cooperative fertilizer experiments, and
we shall endeavor to trace the relation between these three lines of
study in subsequent publications.

A third object in conducting the cooperative fertilizer experiments is
to give the farmers in various sections of the State an opportunity to
ascertain for themselves the behavior of their soils with different ap-
plications of fertilizers. The results of such experiments are not only
of value to the farmer himself, but also to the farmers in his vicinity;
and where the experiments are observed and supervised by the county
demonstration agents their results become of value to the entire farm-
ing community of the county. Agricultural high schools have also con-
ducted some of the experiments.

NATURE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF FERTILIZERS

The subject of fertilizers is discussed in Bulletin 167 of this Station,
and what is said there will not be repeated in this bulletin. A few
facts pertaining to the subject under discussion will, however, be given.

6 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

The object of a fertilizer is to supply plant food to the soil in such
forms that plants can take it up. All soils contain plant foods but
they do not always contain sufficient quantities, nor contain them in
such forms as to be easily consumed. Plants vary in their needs of
plant food, and soils vary in their ability to supply it. Plant food,
however, is not the only limiting condition of plant growth, moisture
relations and physical character being in many cases’ much more sig-
.nificant. It has been found in our experiments that vegetable matter

"or humus is badly needed by many Texas soils, and that application of

manure has in many cases given better results than any of the com-
binations of fertilizers. The vegetable matter supplied by the manure
not only carries plant food with it, but it also improves the physical
character of the soil, enabling it to retain water better, and to hold it
more securely against evaporation. As moisture conditions affect the
size of the crop grown under Texas conditions very seriously, the aid
of the vegetable matter in controlling moisture is of material impor-
tance in producing the crop or increasing its size.

Plant food being only one of the controlling conditions of plant
growth, it follows that, in order to secure the best results from an
application of plant food, it is necessary that the other controlling con-
ditions should be as favorable as possible. This is not always the case.
Indeed, a great many experiments were entirely lost by too much moist-
ure or too little moisture, failure to get a stand, or damage by insects,
showing the importance of the other controlling conditions.

The adaptation of fertilizers to soil.s and to plants means the use i

of such as will supply the necessary food without a deficiency of some
needed element, and the consequent decrease in the size of the crop.
The three important forms of plant food are phosphoric acid, potash
and nitrogen. Our soil analyses show that, as a rule, Texas soils are
often deficient in phosphoric acid and nitrogen, and less often defi-
cient in potash. Potash should be used only where it is known to be
needed.

Acid phosphate was used in our experiments for the purpose of sup- '

‘plying phosphoric acid. It contained sixteen per cent. available phos-
phoric acid. -

Basic slag was used in a few experiments. Basic slag is a combina-
tion of lime and phosphoric acid, secured as a by-product in the manu-
facture of iron which contains phosphorus. Basic slag also contains
some iron.

Cottonseed meal was used in these experiments for the purpose of
supplying nitrogen. Cottonseed meal also contains a small amount of
potash and phosphoric acid, usually about 6.88 per cent. nitrogen, 1.5
per cent. potash and 2.5 per cent. phosphoric acid. Nitrate of soda
was used in one series of experiments on one plot for the purpose of

replacing a portion of the cottonseed meal to see if it improved the_

size of the crop, or was equally as valuable as the cottonseed meal.
Sulphate of potash was used in many of the experiments to supply

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER ExPERIMENTs, 1908-1917. 7

  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  

Zotash. This contained 50 per cent. potash. Muriate of potash was
~ lso used, however.

INTERPRETATION OF FIELD EXPERIMENTS WITH FERTILIZERS

 Field experiments require care in their interpretation. Variations in
"  depth or physical character of the soil, or in fertility of different
flots, the attacks- of birds or insects, injury by storms, and the sit-
tion of the soil with respect to drainage, may influence the plots
f y: equally It has been shown by experiments that a number of plots
» _~ a field apparently of uniform fertility and treated exactly alike, do
 produce exactly the same yield, and, further, that these yields are
£4 always in the same direction each year. Differences in the depth
fr character of the subsoil may be the cause of these variations, giving
 'se to differences in moisture content, which are not always the same
 year.
PLAN 0E THE COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS

‘ The general plan of the- experiments is shown in the instructions sent
‘ut for 1915. The instructions were nearly the same each year, there
ting, however, some differences, in the applications made. These dif-
rences are brought out in the tables of results.

 The writer desires to express his appreciation of the work of those
~  have succeeded in carrying out successful experiments and also
ose whose crops were injured or destroyed. The services that they
ve rendered will be of advantage to the entire farming community
" Texas.

 Inst-ructions for eoopercziiive fertilizer eccperiments.—The following
i - the instructions sent out:

Please read these instructions carefully as soon as you receive
them. If there is anything you do not understand, or if you
desire further information, write us fully. p

Please advise us whether or not the fertilizer arrives in time and
in good condition. If any bag is torn, please weigh it. Please
note carefully any change that may have been made to suit your
conditions.

Select a uniform piece of land, either about an acre for corn

» or cotton, or else about half an acre for truck crops.- This is to
1 I be divided into ten plots. Each plot must naturally produce the
same quantity of cotton or corn or other crops. Any natural dif-
ference in the productiveness would appear as due to the fertilizer,
whereas it is really due to the soil. So take care to select a piece
of land which produces the same amount of crop in all its parts,

of which is subject to more favorable or unfavorable conditions

_than any other portion.
For corn, cotton or similar crops use an area equivalent to ap-

and which does not contain any rich or poor spots, and no portion -

proximately one-tenth acre for each plot or application of fertilizer.

TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

If the rows are four feet apart, use four rows 280 feet long, or
eight rows 140 feet long, or sixteen rows '70 feet long. j
For potatoes, tomatoes, onions, or similar crops, use an area ofi
land equivalent to one-twentieth acre for each plot or applicationi
of fertilizer. If the rows are four feet apart, use two rows 280
feet long, or four rows 140 feet long, or eight rows '70 feet long;
If the rows are two feet apart, the number of rows for each ap-i
plication of fertilizer should be double that stated above. i
The important point is to have the same number of rows of’
exactly the same length in each of the ten plots, planted to the1
same crop. a
The application to the different plots are as follows:
Plot No. 1. Apply nothing.
Plot No. 2. Apply bag No. 2, 1.5 pounds acid phosphate. .
Plot No. 3. Apply bag No. 3, twenty pounds cottonseed meal. j
Plot No. 4. Apply bag No. 4-, 15 pounds acid phosphate, 10¢
pounds cottonseed meal, 5 pounds nitrate of soda. 
Plot No. 5. Apply bag No. 5, 15 pounds acid phosphate, 20 ‘i
pounds cottonseed meal. ' 
Plot No. 6. Apply bag No. 6, 15 pounds acid phosphate, 20 _'
pounds cottonseed meal, 2 pounds sulphate of potash. if
Plot No. '7. Apply bag No. '7, 15 pounds acid phosphate, 20
pounds cottonseed meal, 5 pounds‘ sulphate of potash. - 
Plot No. 8. Apply nothing.
Plot No. 9. Apply one load of manure. 
Plot No. 10. Apply bag No. 10, 15 pounds acid phosphate and ‘
one load of manure. 
The fertilizer should be well mixed and applied in the drill 5
about a week before the seed is planted. It should not be allowed"
to come in direct contact with the seed. The entire field should
receive the same treatment, and should be planted with the same
kind of seed of the same crop. If any of the plots are damaged it
by storms, insects, or anything else, the fact should be noted and,
considered. The only difference between the plots should be the .1
quantity’ of fertilizer. The date of maturity should be stated and ._
the crop from each plot should be harvested and weighed separately. ff
A report blank will be furnished. Report total weight of ear Q
corn per plot, weight of seed cotton per plot, total weight of pota- if.
toes per plot, and weight of those marketable, etc. The stand on?
each plot should also be noted and reported. Note any difference»;
in size or stalk or appearance of plot. You should retain a copy},
of the report and of your observations, for your own use. 
This experiment should show which of these fertilizers would
prove probably most profitable under your conditions, and it would
give you an intelligent basis for fertilizing next season. t
Information concerning fertilizers is contained in bulletins off
the Texas Experiment Station. Any bulletin is free on applica-il
tion. Requests for bulletins should be addressed to the Directory‘
of the Experiment Station. 

   

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 9

. Q3" - .t“~‘""'r"‘v" ~71"

We prefer the fertilizer to be applied by hand, distributing it
as evenly as possible. A tin 0r paper horn reaching nearly to the
ground may be used if there is any wind. If necessary, the fer-
tilizer may be applied just before planting, but the plow should
run through the furrow to mix it with the soil, or some other
method of mixing used. The fertilizer must not come in direct
contact with the seed. If the fertilizer does not arrive in time,

(it may be applied after the seed has been planted, by opening a
furrow along the side of the plants, putting in the fertilizer, and
dirting back upon it.

.. - “an s <

GENERAL RESULTS OF THE EXPERILIENTS WITH COTTON.

The details of the experiments with cotton in 1911-1917, inclusive,
are presented in subsequent pages. The detailed results are also pre-
sented later (tables 25 to 34-, inclusive). We also include in the tables
the results secured in 1908, 1909, 1910, published in Bulletin 138.

Table L-Qummary of cotton experiments, 1908-1917.

     

\ 1908 \ 1909 1910 \ 1911 \ 1912 1913 1914 1915 ‘ 1916 1917 Total. Per‘;
cen .
Number of experiments. . . . 4 13 5 13 26 23 46 11 7 3 151 100
Number showing gains by
acid phosphate . . . . . . . 2 11 5 9 17 15 37 11 3 2 112 74
Number showing gains by
cottonseed meal . . . . . . 3 9 3 12 21 16 22 1O 4 3 103 63
Number showing gains by
potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 5 3 7 13 13 26 6 2 3 80 53

Table 1 is a summary of the 151 cotton experiments with respect to
the response to fertilizer. Where a gain is shown, it means any gain
at all, and not necessarily a gain sufficient to pay for the fertilizer.

The table shows that 7-1 per cent. of the experiments gave a gain
with acid phosphate, 68 per cent. a gain with cottonseed meal, and
only 53 per cent." a gain with potash. Thus, these soils‘ need phos-
phoric acid first, nitrogen next, and potash last of all.

Table 2.—Average gain seed cotton, pounds per acre, where a gain occurred.

 

 

i" Id
1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 Aver-
age.

By acid phosphate (200 pounds).. . 131
By acid phosphate (160 pounds)... . . . . . . f 138
By acid phosphate (150 pounds).. . . . . . . . 113
'1 By cottonseed meal (30 pounds). . . 63
' By cottonseed meal (60 pounds). . . . . . . . . ' . . . . 40
By cottonseed meal (70 pounds). . . . . . . . . . 121
. _ By cottonseed meal (100 pounds).. . . 69
By cottonseed meal (120 pounds).. . . . . . . 151

By cottonseed meal alone (200
pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125

By cottonseed meal ( with acid
phosphate) (200 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . *158
By cottonseed meal (3 00 pounds). . . . . . . . 140
,_ By muriate of potash (5 pounds). . 63
»_, By muriate of potash (12.5 pounds) 69
By muriate of potash (20 pounds). . . . . . . 62
g By muriate of potash (25 pounds). . . . . . . 115
- By muriate of potash (50 pounds). . . . . . . 75

*With 1917 excluded, 109 pounds.

10 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Table 2 shows the average gain per acre with cotton where a gain §
occurs. Where there was no gain, the experiment was left out of 

consideration in_ the preparation of this table. a

From 150 to 200 pounds of acid phosphate produced an average gain i

of 50 to 185 pounds seed cotton per acre, where a gain occurred, which
was '74 per cent. of the experiments as shown in the previous table.

From 30 to 100 pounds cottonseed meal produced 20 to 105 pounds 

seed cotton increase. Two hundred pounds cottonseed meal alone, or
with phosphates, produced 62- to 200 pounds seed cotton increase. Three
hundred pounds, used only one year, however, gave no increase over
200 pounds. These gains refer only to cases in which gains occurred,
about 68 per cent. of the experiments. i

From 5 to 25 pounds of muriate of potash produced gains of 20 to
140 pounds seed cotton. Fifty pounds of muriate of potash gave gains
of 63 to 8'7 pounds. These gains occurred only, as pointed out pre-
viously, in 53 per cent. of the experiments.

DETAILED RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENTS WITH COTTON.

In this section we shall discuss the effect of the various fertilizing
ingredients and mixtures in more detail.

Acid phosphate al0ne.~Acid phosphate alone, giving results_in 74 _ i

per cent. of the experiments and increases of from 50 to 185 pounds
seed cotton where a gain occurs, seems to be, on the average, the most
profitable and the most certain of the commercial fertilizers for cotton.

It is estimated that 100 pounds seed cotton requires 2.5 pounds phos-.
phoric acid for growth of the cotton plant and the accompanying stalk -

and leaves. One hundred pounds of 16 per cent. of phosphoric acid
supplies 16 pounds of available phosphoric acid, and it is assumed that
if only one-half is utilized by the crop, it would be sufficient for 300
pounds seed cotton. The average increase in the experiments was from
113 to 138 pounds. Thus, 100 pounds acid phosphate would supply
twice the amount necessary for the gain secured. From 60 to 100
pounds acid phosphate per acre should, therefore, be suflicient to pro-
duce the increases usually secured in these experiments, and from these

experiments this amount appears to _be the best to be used when applied y ;

alone. When applied in addition to other fertilizer, however, the quan-
tity used should be suflicient for the entire increase. If we assume
that one-half of the phosphoric acid is used by the crop, the amount
needed would be approximately 5 pounds phosphoric acid per 100
pounds seed cotton. One hundred pounds of 16 per cent. acid phos-
phate‘ would thus be sufficient to take care of 300 pounds seed cotton
increase over the quantity that could be secured with no fertilizer at
all. These considerations assume that the phosphoric acid is needed
by the entire plant. If needed only to produce seed and lint, the crop
produced could be much larger.

Although acid phosphate alone gives the best results,‘ it does not
follow that acid phosphate should be used exclusively. If acid phos-
phate is used exclusively on cotton, corn, or similar crops, and no

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 11

l legumes turned under or grazed off and no barnyard manure added,
F the soil will become depleted in nitrogen. In greater 0r less time, de-
;_ pending upon the quantity of nitrogen in the soil, the soil will be-
 come deficient in nitrogen, and the increase due to the acid phosphate
 will fall off. In fact, this falling ofi may take place rapidly. On the
 other hand, if nitrogen is secured from the air by a suitable rotation,
 including legumes to be turned under or grazed off, the use of acid
i phosphate alone may be sufficient to give good results for a long time.
 The plots receiving acid phosphate alone as a rule suffered least
during dry weather. The yields were time and again cut short by
drouth, and the plots receiving nitrogen and potash as a rule suffered
more decidedly than those receiving acid phosphate alone.

Cottonseed meal.—Quantities of cottonseed meal of less than 100
_ produced from 2O to 121 pounds seed cotton increase, the aver-
- 6' e being '70 pounds. One hundred pounds seed cotton requires ap-

proximately 6.5 pounds nitrogen for the seed and the accompanying
talk and leaves. One hundred pounds of cottonseed meal contains
pproximately 6.7 pounds nitrogen, or sufficient nitrogen for 100 pounds
ed cotton. The nitrogen, where it gave a gain, was well utilized, the
tilization being nearly all of the nitrogen. One pound of cottonseed
eal on the basis just stated should produce one pound of seed cotton.
¢ Two pounds of cottonseed meal produced, where a gain was produced,
0m 62 to 395 pounds seed cotton increase, or about 115 pounds, on
 average. Two hundred pounds would contain 13.4 pounds nitrogen,
cient for 200 pounds seed cotton; 6O per cent. of the nitrogen
i ould be utilized on this basis. This is also a good utilization. Three
undred pounds cottonseed meal, which was used only one year, gave
j more cotton than 200 pounds. From one to 200 pounds cottonseed
‘eal, therefore, seems to be txhe best quantity to use under Texas con-
itions. The gains mentioned, as already stated, were secured in 68
 cent. of the experiments. '
g Although cottonseed meal gave the average gains indicated above,
ere were a number of results in which the mixture of acid phosphate
'3 cottonseed meal gave little better results than acid phosphate alone.
;, The plots receiving cottonseed meal alone, or in combination, suffered
‘ore from drouth than the other plots. In a number of the experi-
ents the cottonseed meal plots did much better than the others at
t, and a larger yield was indicated, but a dry period cut short the
velopment of lint and injured the yield decidedly. We ascribe this
 the larger development of foliage caused by the cottonseed meal.
1's resulted in an increase in the requirements for moisture, so that
 plant suffered more quickly and to a greater extent during the
‘ 'od. Cotton withstands dry weather much better than corn.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
      

..C'0tt0nseed meal and acid ph0sphate.—As already stated, cottonseed
al and acid phosphate did not, on the average, produce as profitable
 lts as either one alone, but the results are, on the average, profit-
¢ e.

    
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
    
 

12 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION. ,
There are a number of individual cases in which the mixture is =3
profitable than the acid phosphate alone, or the cottonseed meal alo
The point we wish to emphasize here is that the individual u“
must study his so.il conditions and use the fertilizer which is best sui '
to his individual conditions and the requirements of his soil. '

What fertilizer to Tl18€.—-Tl1(-3S€ experiments suggest for general Q
a fertilizer composed of one part acid phosphate and two parts cotto,
seed meal or equal parts acid phosphate and cottonseed meal at i."
rate of 150 to 200 pounds per acre. A mixture of two parts cottons
meal to one part acid phosphate will give good results on many so v
but should be used only experimentally at first. If a mixed fertili ;
is used, we would suggest one containing about 8 per cent. availab
phosphoric acid and about 3.5 per cent. nitrogen at the rate of 150 ‘
200 pounds per acre. If larger quantities are to be used, we sugg
one containing 5 per cent. available phosphoric acid and 4 per cen q
nitrogen at the rate of 250 to 300 pounds per acre. 

Twelve and one-half pounds muriate of potash produced 40 to 10_
pounds seed cotton, with an average of 69 pounds, while 20 p0 I 
produced 2O to 95 pounds, with an average of 62 pounds. Fifty poun
produced 63 to 87 pounds seed cotton, with an average of '75 poun .
The larger application thus produced no better results than the smalle _
one. One hundred pounds of seed cotton requires for the seed, leaves,
stalk, etc., approximately 4.3 pounds potash. Twelve and one-ha y
pounds muriate of potash contain approximately 6.5 pounds potash,‘
and, if entirely utilized, would thus produce 150 pounds seed cotton i
This assumes that the potash is used for the entire plant. The potas
in the 12.5 pounds muriate of potash is thus utilized to the extent of;
about 50 per cent. '

Table 3.-—-Average results of experiments, pounds of seed cotton per acre, 19084910.

The application and its analysis. 1908 1909
Number averaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 13
No fertiliser . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580 405
200 pounds acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 648 478
200 pounds acid phosphate and 30 pounds cottonseed meal (14% phosphoric acid and 0.9% '
nitrogen) . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 625 614 . . . . .. .,
200 pounds acid phosphate and 100 pounds cottonseed meal (1'.07% phosphoric acid, 2.3% ’

nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 680 582 . . . . ..
200 pounds acid phosphate, 30 pounds cottonseed meal and 5 pounds muriate of potash (14%

phosphoric acid, 0.9% nitrogen and 1.1% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 675 556  _, p

200 pounds acid phosphate, 3O pounds cottonseed meal, 12.5 pounds muriate of potash (13% 
phosphoric acid, 0.9% nitrogen, 2.5% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 703 555 . . . . . . .-
200 pounds acid phosphate, 60 pounds cottonseed meal (12.3% phosphoric acid. 1.6% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . i
200 pounds acid phosphate, 120 pounds cottonseed meal (10% phosphoric acid 2.6% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . .
200 pounds acid phosphate, 60 pounds cottonseed meal, 5 pounds muriate of potash (12.2%
phosphoric acid, 1.6% nitrogen, 0.9% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
200 pounds acid phosphate, 60 pounds cottonseed meal, 12.5 pounds muriate of potash (11 .7%
phosphoric acid, 1.5% nitrogen, .22% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

    
 

In tables 3 and 4, we find that 12.5 pounds muriate of potash pro- 
duced 23 pounds seed cot-ton as an average of 1908-09-10, and that
20 pounds muriate of potash produced an average of 8 pounds seed
cotton in 1911-17, inclusive.

    
  
  
   
 
 
   
  
   
   
   
     
    
  
     
 
   
   
  
   
 
  

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 111908-1917. 13

IThe general use ofpotash in mixed fertilizers for cotton is thus, We
uld judge, not profitable; Potash should be used only when the
1 er is satisfied that his soil needs it, and then in such quantities
 it will be of benefit. We, therefore, advise against the general use
the ordinary complete fertilizer for cotton, containing 8 per cent.
iilable phosphoric acid, 2 per cent. nitrogen and 2 per cent. _potash.
I this connection, we must observe that potash is more abundant
ithe soil than either phosphoric acid or nitrogen, and is often present
rvery large quantities.

Table 4.—Average results of experiments, pounds seed cotton per acre, 1911-1917.

The application and its analysis. 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917
‘g- _ averaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 26 22 45 11 7 3
.1 i izer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 592 735 518 673 540 670 283
l . . . (761) (367)
~-~- ds acid phosphate (16% phosphoric acid) . . . . . . . . . . . . . 695 796 609 798 725 713 360
=-' nds acid phosphate, 70 pounds cottonseed meal (12.4%
' osphoric acid, 2. 0% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 851 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 ds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal (8.4%
csphoric acid, 2.8% nitrogen, 1.0% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . 805 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
- ds acid phosphate, 300 pounds cottonseed meal (6.0%
i» phoi-ic acid, 4.7% nitrogen, 1.5% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 899 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
~ ds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal (6.4%
 acid, 4.0% nitrogen, _1% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 902 641 854 802 813 620
'1 ds cottonseed meal (7.0% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 829 613 770 696 736 434

i, i ds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal, 12.5
_< - ds muriate of potash (9.0% phosphoric acid, 3.3%
i i: 2.7% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 765 . . . . . . . . . . ..
w acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 20
_»- ds muriate of potash (6.2% phosphoric acid, 3.9%
~ en, 3.5% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 837 644 843 793 821 643
~»- acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal, 25
~1ds muriate of potash (8.2% phosphoric acid, 3.0%
en,4.6%potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 838 . . . . . . . . . . .. 
n- acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 50
f: ds muriate of potash. (5.7% phosphoric acid, 3.5%
- en, 7% potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 901 620 885 797
=~- acid phosphate, 100 pounds cottonseed meal, 50
<»- nitrate of soda (7.6% phosphoric acid, 4.7%
Qi- gen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657 812 747 789 617

Jarnyard manu-re.—Barnyard manure gave larger gains than acid
lliate, cottonseed meal, or potash salts. The manure was applied
‘i rate of ten loads per acre. The average gain due to manure
‘e a gain occurred, was from 10'? to 227' pounds seed cotton.
crnyard manure contains all three forms of plant food, phosphoric
 potash, an.d nitrogen. The nitrogen is usually in excess, so that
ddition of acid phosphate is also advisable. Manure contains about
{per cent. nitrogen, 0.3 per cent. phosphoric acid, and 0.5 per cent.
h, though it varies greatly.

Table 5.—Average pounds seed cotton produced by manure.

Numbe
Year. No Manure. Gain. of ex-r
fertilizer. perimentt;
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 615 810 195 6

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 753 980 227 22

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 513 62o 107 19

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 680 853 173 43

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 561 773 212 10

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 696 86,1 165 7

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 325 507 182 3

verage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 592 772 180

. it is not so quickly available as the phosphoric acid of acid phosphate

  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
   
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  

14 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

The beneficial action of barnyard manure, however, is not due solely*
to the plant food it contains. The vegetable matter in manure is’.
beneficial for several reasons. It lightens up heavy soils and makes.
loose soils more retentive of moisture. It aids the moisture to penetrate
into the soil and aids the soil to retain the moisture. It makes the
soil respond better to operations of tillage. In general, manure im-
proves the physical character of the soil and its ability _to supply the
plant With moisture.

The effects of manure extend beyond the year of its application. In
some experiments the results of heavy applications of manure have,
increased the size of the crop for twenty years after the application ofi
manure was discontinued. ' t

Manure loses value rapidly when exposed to rain. ,

-Farmers should make every efiort to save manure, and to use all‘
waste vegetable matter for improving the soil. Manure from cattl
pens is valuable and should be saved. A1“

In the absence of suflicient manure, legumes may be grown to supply‘
the necessary vegetable matter to the soil and to secure nitrogen from
the air. The crop should either be turned under or grazed off; i
should not be made into hay. i

Thomas Ph0spi1.ate.—Thomas phosphate is a by-product in the man;
ufacture of steel from iron containing much phosphorus. The phos
phoric acid is available to a certain extent, especially in acid soils, bu

Only four tests were made with Thomas phosphate in 1910 and 1912*
not suflicient to draw conclusions from. ~

Rock phosphata-{Finely ground phosphate rock was used in sixtee 3i
experiments in 1912- at the rate of 200 pounds per acre, comparedwi r“
150 pounds acid phosphate. The average results are shown in table L:

The 200 pounds of rock phosphate contained approximately 60 poun f
of phosphoric acid, whereas the 150 pounds of acid phosphate co 
tained approximately 241 pounds of available phosphoric acid. 
pounds of phosphoric acid in rock phosphate produced 3 pounds 
seed cotton; 10 pounds of available phosphoric acid in acid prospha
produced 13 pounds of seed cotton on an average. The phosphoric ac‘
of the rock phosphate thus had about 22 per cent. of the effect of n,
phosphoric acid of acid phosphate. These are the average results. ' 
bulk of the phosphoric acid in the rock phosphate remains in the ‘
and may be used for subsequent crops. .

Talzle d-Fficct of rock phosphate on seed cotton, pounds per acre.

Number of tests . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

No fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rock phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Gain due to acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

Gain due to rock phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

 

 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
    
    
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
    
 
  

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 15

 - The rock phosphate was used alone, and not in combination with
anure, as has been recommended by several writers.

 Li-m-e. I-lydrated lime at the rate of 400 pounds per acre was used
3' 20 experiments in 1913. With no fertilizer and no lime 538 pounds
 d cotton were produced, on an average; with lime, 505 pounds, thus
~_'ving a loss of 33 pounds per acre for the lime. In 1911, 1000 pounds
~fi~=rboiiate of lime per acre produced 592 pounds seed cotton, while no

in produced 6113 pounds.

p, lVit-rate of soda com/pared with cotton-seed mieal.—In 1913 to 1917
ests were run in which 50 pounds nitrate of soda was substituted for
y 00 pounds cottonseed meal. The average results are given in table 7.
h ottonseed meal on an average gives slightly better results than the
xture. g

Table 7.——Yield of seed cotton per acre with nitrate of soda and with cottonseed meal.
\ 1913 ‘ 1914 \ 1915 ‘ 1916 ‘ 1917

umber Oftests ....................................................... .. - 22 44 11 7 s
. th 150 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds cottonseed meal, 50 pounds
613 812 747 789 617

1:‘ nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..
 ith 150 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 657 848 802 813 620

i‘ Mixed fertilizers.—Tables 2 and 3 show the composition of the mixed
rtilizers used in these experiments and the average results secured.
vn many cases the mixed fertilizers were not profitable, and this is still
ore evident if they be compared with the acid phosphate alone.

RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENTS WITH CORN.

ii Experiments with corn, 1908-M, are published in Bulletin 184 of
 is Station. They are also discussed fully in that bulletin. Although
 additional experiments are presented in the bulletin, they do not
Jange the conclusions given in the previous bulletin. There is no
teed, therefore, to enter into a detailed discussion of these results.

Table 8.—Summar_v of corn experiments. 1908-1917.



     

1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917 Total. Per
’ cent.
umber of experiments-
‘ total . . . . . . . . .._.  3 13 21 8 19 18 32 28 7 4 153 . . . . ..
, '~ i- showing gain by
acid phosphate, . . . . . 3 13 15 8- 13 14 20 16 5 0 107 70
~, amber showing gain by
. cottonseed meal: . . . .. 1 11 7 15 14 .23 18 5 2 101 66
> - ~-- showing gain by
" tash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 8 3 6 11 14 16 3 0 65 42

5‘ Table 8 is a summary of the corn experiments of 1908-17. Table 9
ows the average gain per acre where a gain occurs. Table 10 gives
g4 average results of the various applications, 1908-17.

 

16 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.
Table 9."——Average gain corn, bushels per acre, where a gain occurred.
1908 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1916 1917
By acid phosphate (200 pounds) . . . . . . . . . 6.3 6.2 5. 6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By acid phosphate (160 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By acid phosphate (150 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7.0 6.2 6.7 2.9 3.7 0

By cottonseed meal (30 pounds). . . . . . . .. 0.4 6.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

By cottonseed meal (60 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By cottonseed meal (70 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By cottonseed meal (100 pounds) . . . . . . . . 1.1 3.4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By cottonseed meal (I20 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By cottonseed meal (alone) (200 pounds). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5 6.1 6.6
By cottonseed meal (with acid phosphate)
(200 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7.1 6.0 5.5

By cottonseed meal (3 00 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By muriate of potash (5 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.9 7.6 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By muriate of potash (12.5 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.4 10.1 3.2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By muriate of potash (20 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 4 2 4 2.3

By muriate of potash (25 pounds)... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

By muriate of potash (50 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1 4.1 5 .1

By 10 loads manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8.9 11.7 10.5 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

Acid phosphate alone appears to be the most profitable and most
certain of the fertilizers for corn. From 70 t0 100 pounds acid phos-
phate alone should. be sufficient to produce gains of from 5 to .9 bushels
of corn. “Unless a rotation of crops including legumes to be turned
under or grazed oil.’ is practiced, or nitrogen applied in some other Way,
land fertilized with acid phosphate alone Will lose nitrogen and de-

crease in fertility.

Table 10.——Average results of corn experiments, 1911-1917.

The application and its analysis.

1911 1912 1913 [ 1914 I 1915

Number averaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
No fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150 or 160 pounds acid phosphate (16% phosphoric acid) . . . . . . .
160 pounds acid phosphate, 70 pounds cottonseed meal (12.4%
phosphoric acid, 2. 0% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
160 pounds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal (8.4%
phosphoric acid, 2.8% nitrogen, 1.0% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . .
150 pounds acid phosphate, 300 pounds cottonseed meal (6.0%
phosphoric acid, 4. 7% nitrogen, 1.5% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . .
150 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal (6.4%
phosphoric acid, 4.0% nitrogen, 1% potash)
200 pounds cottonseed meal (7.0% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
160 pounds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal, 12.5
pounds muriate of potash (9.0% phosphoric acid, 3.3%
nitrogen, 2.7% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 20
pounds muriate of potash (6.2% phosphoric acid, 3.9%
nitrogen, 3.5% potash) . . . . . .
160 pounds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal, 25
pounds muriate of potash (8.2% phosphoric acid. 3.0%
nitrogen, 4.6% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150 pounds acid phosphate, 20 pounds cottonseed meal, 50
pounds muriate of potash (5.7% phosphoric acid, 3.5%
nitrogen, 7% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
150 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds cottonseed meal, 50
pou)nds nitrate of soda (7. 6% phosphoric acid, 4.7% nitro-
gen . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

22.7

24.6 22.7

19.4 25.4

*€"iompare with 21.5; tcompare with 29.5; Icompare with 28.7

The general use of potash in mixed fertilizers for corn is unprofitable,
and potash should be used only when the soil is known to need it.
A fertilizer composed of equal parts of acid phosphate and cotton-

seed meal, or one containing about 8
acid and 3.5 per cent. nitrogen appears
on Texas soils.

per cent. available phosphoric
to be a good fertilizer for corn

 

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 17

RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENTS WITH IRISH POTATOES.

  
   
 
   
 
 
  
 
   
  
  
  
  
   
  
 
 
 
 

 Details of the experiments for 1909-1910 are published in Bulletin
“138.
'_ A summary of the experiments is given in table 11._ Of the 54
pexperiments, 39 tests, 0r 72 per cent., gave results with acid phosphate,
‘$.47 tests, or 87 per (aent. gave results with cottonseed meal, and 28 tests,
‘(or 52 per cent, gave results with potash.

Table 11.—Summary of Irish potato experiments, 1908-1917.

1917 lTotal. Per

               

1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916
cent.
, l
 Number of experiments-total . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7 12 9 11 4 3 2 54 100
' Number showing gain by acid phosphate. . 4 6 9 4 9 4 2 1 39 72
» Number showing gain by cottonseed meal. 6 7 10 5 10 4 3 2 47 87
 Number showing gain by potash . . . . . . . . . 3 2 7 5 6 1 2 2 28 52

Irish potatoes respond better to nitrogen than do corn or cotton.
Table 12 shours the average gains, where such occur.

p , The average gain caused by 300 pounds acid phosphate, where a gain
occurs, is from 10 to 24 bushels per acre.

Table 12.—Average gain Irish potatoes, bushels per acre, where a gain occurred.

1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 \ 1914 u 1916 l 1917

_ By acid phosphate (300 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 10 13 24 15 15 22 2

: By cottonseed meal (alone) (e00 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28 17 22 18 25

a By cottonseed meal (with acid phosphate) (400 pounds). . 24 15 24 16 17 13 22 43

l By cottonseed meal (600 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
T By muriate of potash (20 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 10 8 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
~ By munate of potash (40 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 6 5 12 7

3- By muriate of potash-(IOO pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 14 15 10 8 .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

<

_ The average gain caused by 400 pounds cottonseed meal alone, where
 a gain ‘occurs, is from 18 to 28 bushels.

‘I The average gain caused by 400 pounds cottonseed meal, where acid
f phosphate is used, Where a gain occurs, is from 13 to 24 bushels per acre.
'  The gain from 20 pounds of sulphate of potash per acre, where a
J gain occurs, is from 6 to 10 bushels; from 410 pounds muriate, it is
I ‘I 6 to 12 bushels; from 100 pounds muriate, it is 7 to 15 bushels. Twenty
a pounds of muriate of potash give as good gains as 40 or 100 pounds.
V It is estimated that one bushel of Irish potatoes requires 0.10 pounds
 of phosphoric acid, and 0.22 pounds nitrogen and 0.3 pounds of potash.
9 Assuming a utilization of 50 per cent. of the plant food, 100 pounds
1* of 16 per cent. acid phosphate would contain enough phosphoric acid
for nearly 80 bushels of potatoes; 1.00 pounds cottonseed meal would
p. contain 6.88 pounds nitrogen, suificient for 15 bushels of potatoes; 100
j pounds muriate of potash would contain 50 pounds of potash, sufficient
 for 85 bushels of potatoes.

18 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

   
 
   
   
    
   
   
   
  
   
     
   
   
  

Table 13.—Average results of lrish potato experiments, bushels per acre—1911-1917.

The application and its analvsis. i 1909 1910 1911 1912 1913 1914 1916
Number averaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 7 12 9 11 4 3
N0 fertilizer. .: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .._ . . . . . .. 36.7 25.0 52.5 44.5 29.7 30.5 39
300 pounds acid phosphate (16% phosphoric acid). . . . . 50.3 31.5 58.1 56.0 44.1 46.0 61

300 pounds acid phosphate,_600 pounds cottonseed meal
(6.0% phosphoric acid, 4.7% nitrogen, 1.5%
potash). ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal
(6.4% phosphoric acid, 4.0% nitrogen, 1% potash). 70.2 46.4 76.1 67.4 54.6 63 76

400 pounds cottonseed meal (7.0% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56.1 45.9 53 57

300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cotti nseed meal,
20 pounds muriate of potash (7.5% phosphoric _
acid, 3.9% nitrogen, 2.2% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 72.2 48.4 73.9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal,
40 pounds muriate of potash (6.2% phosphoric
acid. 3.9% nitrogen, 35% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 69.7 55.5 60 86

300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal,
10_0 pounds muriate 01 potash (5.7% phosphoric
acid, 3.5% nitrogen, 7% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .. 50.3 50.8 83.6 65.2 56.1 58 . . . . ..

300 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal,
100 pounds nitrate oi soda (7.6% phosphoric acid,
4.7% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53.5 72

The utilization of the plant food in these tests was very low or, t
put it another way, much smaller applications of plant food shoul
have secured the same average results. "The results indicate that =
application of 100 pounds acid phosphate with 200 pounds cottonse
meal would be suflicient for the averageincrease. Where potash '
needed, 20 pounds of muriate of potash appears sufficient for the aver
age increase that may be produced. The non-potassic potato fertilize
would thus contain 5 per cent. available phosphoric acid and 4.5 pe 
cent. nitrogen, while the potassic potato fertilizer would contain 5»pe
cent. available phosphoric acid, 41.5 per cent. nitrogen and 3 per cen
potash. Applications of 300 pounds per acre would be advisable
Larger applications can, of course, be used where the crop possibili
is greater. Larger applications of potash may be advisable where the
soil is known to be deficient in potash, but unless such is known to f
the fact larger quantities of potash should not be used. Three hundre
pounds of this fertilizer, if one-half the plant food is used, would supply;
enough phosphoric acid for 75 bushels potatoes; enough nitrogen fo l
60 bushels, and enough potash for 15 bushels. The application of fer
tilizer should depend upon the nature of the soil also; this we wi
discuss in a subsequent bulletin. -

Barnyard mianure.——Average results with barnyard manure, 20 loa _
per acre, are shown in table 14. The average for the first two years;
is from 3.9 to 4.5 bushels per acre, while the last four years it is from‘
31 to 38 bushels per acre. These are very striking results, especiall .
when one recalls the fact that manure is lasting in its effects, the results l’
being good for several years. 

  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
  
  
  
    
 
  
   
   
  
  
 
  

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 19

Table l4.--Average bushels zrish potatoes produced by manure.

No _ Nmofex-
Year. fertilizer. Manure. Gain. periments.
i
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 58.0 62.5 4.5 5

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 44.1 48.0 3.9 S

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 27.0 58.2 31.2 10

 . . . . . . . . . . . . .. '31.0 66.0 35.0 4

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 39.0 72.0 33.0 3
75.0 113.0 38.0 2

» ‘Q Thomas ph 0sphate.——In three experiments with Thomas phosphate in
 912, and one in 1913, the Thomas phosphate was inferior to the acid
_ hosphate in three, and perhaps better in one.

.T Rock phosphate.-—Rock phosphate in four tests in 1912 gave poor
 ults.
l‘ Hydrated Zi-me-ldydrated lime at the rate of 800 pounds per acre
 poor results in two tests, and good results in three tests in 1913.
 Nitrate of soda compared with cottonseed meal.-—In the tests in which
‘lithe cottonseed meal (200 pounds) was replaced by 100 pounds
ftrate of soda, in 1913, 1.914, 1916 and 1917, the nitrate of soda gave _
actically the same results as the cottonseed meal. (See table 13.)

RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENTS WITH SWEET POTATOES.

I A summary of the experiments is given in table 15. Of the 23 tests,
5, or 65 per cent., show gains with acid phosphate or cottonseed meal,
P}: 13, or 56 per cent., show gains with potash. The average gain,
I here a gain occurs, for 300 pounds of acid phosphate is from 19 to 71
_hels per acre, for 4.00 pounds of cottonseed meal from 8 to 4'7 bush-
, , and for 40 pounds muriate of potash from 15 to 60 bushels. (See
ble 16.) For 100 pounds of muriate of potash, it is 11 to 99 bushels,
here a gain occurs. Sweet potatoes respond to the use of potash

, tter than corn or cotton.

Table 15.-Summary of sweet potato experiments, 1908-1917.

1911 1912 1913 1914 1915 1917 Total. Per
cent.

 . rof expei-iments-Jootal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8 2 5 3 3 2 23 100
---» showing gain by acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 2 2 2 3 1 15 65

l w - a showing gain by cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 2 3 2 2 2 15 65
4 1 3 2 2 1 l3 56

I- showing gain by potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

 It is estimated that one bushel of sweet potatoes requires .06 pound
hosphoric acid, 14 pounds of nitrogen and 0.28 pound of potash.
 hese figures are tentative and subject to change. Assuming a utili-
, tion of 50 per cent. of the plant food, 100 pounds of p16 per cent.
cid phosphate would contain enough phosphoric acid for 133 bushels
 sweet potatoes; 100 pounds of cottonseed meal would contain enough
itrogen for 25 bushels sweet potatoes; 100 pounds of muriate of potash

ould contain enough potash for 180 bushels. The utilization of the.

2O TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

 
  
    
     
  

fertilizer plant food in the gains actually secured is low; that is, '2;
smaller amounts of fertilizer than was actually applied should i;
produced the desired gains. i

Table 16.—Average gain sweet potatoes, bushels per acre, where gain occurred.

( 1911 1912 1913 I 1914 w 1915

By acid phosphate (300 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71 58 21 19 54

By, cottonseed meal (alone) 400 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40 33 8 47

By, cottonseed meal (with acid phosphate) (400 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 30 ' 44 37 70

Bykmuriate of potash (40 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 29 30 15 49

By_muriate of potash (100 pounds) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 11 93 25 99

A mixture of 100 pounds acid phosphate and 200 pounds cottons,
meal would then supply sufficient phosphoric acid for about 137 bush
and enough nitrogen for 50 bushels, assuming a utilization of i!
half the plant food. This fertilizer would contain 5 per cent. av‘
able phosphoric acid and 4.5 per cent. nitrogen. Potash will app l
ently give profitable results on some soils, in which case we suggest.
fertilizer containing 5 per cent. available phosphoric acid, 4.5 tug
cent. nitrogen and 3 per cent. potash at the rate of 300 pounds 

1

acre. This Would supply enough potash for 30 bushels increase 
potash if all the potash is used up. It is probable that larger qu 
tities of potash will be profitable for sweet potatoes on some soils. 

Table 17.—Average results of sweet potato experiments, 1911-1917.

The application and its analysis. 1911 1912 1913 1914 1915

Number averaged . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 2 5 3 3
No fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42.5 169.7 179.8 188.3
300 pounds acid phosphate (16% phosphoric acid) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180.0 149.1 188.3 232.6
300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal (6.4% phos-

phoric acid, 4.0% nitrogen; 1% potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130.5 180.2 183.0 279.1
400 pounds cottonseed meal (7.0% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 162. 7 161.4 200.4 225.9

300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal, 40 pounds
mllflige of potash (6.2% phosphoric acid, 3.9% nitrogen, 3.5%
otas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . .
300 lpounds acid phosphate, 40 pounds cotton seed mieaLIOOp ounds
muriate of potash (5.7% phosphoric acid 3.5% nitrogen, 7%
potash) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 115.9 2314.6 208.0 345.6
300 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 100 pounds
nitrate of soda (7.6% phosphoric acid, 4.7% nitrogen) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147. 7 193.6 274.3

. . . . .. 125.0 189.9 199.6 305.5

Table 17 shows the average results with the various applications.

MISCELLANEOUS EXPERIMENTS.

Experiments with tomatoes, peanuts, onions, cabbage and kafir fod-
der, are presented in tables 18 to 24. These experiments are very
interesting and valuable, but the number is not sufficient, to furnish
definite conclusions. ‘

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 21
INDEX TO EXPERIMENTS BY COUNTIES.
For experiments 200 to 316, see Bulletin 184.
Anderson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..213, 244, 390, 527, 547, 546, 534, 480

Angelina . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..510, 346, 481, 482

Aransas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 316

Austin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H242, 249, 459, 470

Atascosa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .548, 591

Bastrop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .258, 566, 413, 556, 555

Baylor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570

Bee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..218, 341 ,

Bexar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .244, 535, 364

Bowie . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .200, 205, 348, 347, 391

Brazoria . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .216, 286, 298, 521, 317, 365, 392

Brazos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .324, 325, 328, 573, 576

Brown . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .261, 557

Burnet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..483, 349

Brooks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 536

Callahan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 586

Caldwell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 414

Calhoun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .318, 366

Camp . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .394, 537, 415 t

Cass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..558, 342, 392, 416

Clay . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .471, 368, 417

Colorado: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .254, 269, 528, 511, 512, 460

Collin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350

Comal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . 369

Comanche . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..240, 395, 396, 484

Coryell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..246, 485, 594, 584

Dallas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 370

Denton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .206, 221, 538, 529, 351, 418, 419, 486, 371

DeWitt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..268, 549, 530, 397

Donley . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .550, 487

Eastland...................., . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..513

Ellis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..251, 531, 522, 372, 329

Erath . . . . . . . . .~ . . . . . . . . ..220, 231, 270, 539, 330, 420, 421, 488, 489

‘Falls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..287, 398, 540

Fannin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .331, 332, 399, 4'72, 473

Fayette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .255, 373

Franklin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .422, 423

Freestone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..532, 587, 578, 374, 400

Galveston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .571, 518

Goliad . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 401

Gonzales . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .551, 491, 490

Grayson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .211, 214, 424, 425, 458

Gregg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..426, 492, 595, 585

Grimes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..260, 310, 314, 321

Guadalupe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 541

22 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.
Hale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Hardin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . . . . . . . .245,

Harris . . . . . . .239, 257, 266, 231, 232, 290, 292, 30s, 552, 523, 427,

Harrison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..208, 223,

Henderson . . . . . . . . . .224, 271, 291, 294, 461, 430, 542, 514, 423,

Hill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .228,

Hopkins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  239, 560, 543, 343, 402, 403,

Houston . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .280, 592, 333,

Hood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .431,

Hunt . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .524, 3'76,

Jack . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..519, 4'74, 494,

Jasper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .309, 561, 434,

Johnson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..593, 334, 3'77, 5'74,

J efierson l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Kaufman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..335, 359, 360,

Kendall . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .243, 580,

Kerr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lamar . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .572,

Lampasas . . . . . . . . .» . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Lavaca . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Leon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..207, 212, 227, 229, 230, 237, 273, 326, 353,

Lee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..544, 3'79,

Liberty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..203, 265,

Limestone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..202, 215, 222, 248, 533, 336,

Llano . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - . . . .

Lubbock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .567,

Madison . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..238, 38],

Matagorda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .256, 2'76, 284,

MoCulloch . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Milam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .225, 354,

Mills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Mitchell . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. Montgomery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Montague . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Morris . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Navarro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .300, 337,

Newton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Nueces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..262, 440,

Parker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..299, 441, 465,

Palo Pinto . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..575, 515, 500,

Panola . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .338,

Polk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . ..2'75, 304, 313, 589,

Potter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Rains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .442,

Red River . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..217, 234, 236, 364,

Reeves . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Robertson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 383,

Runnels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 581, 444,

569
5'79
315
429
3'75
493
433
432
462
495
435
436
219
3'77
3'78
323
588
496
562
437
352
311
380
2'78
438

. 382

4'79
404
405
498
463
2'72
4'78
439
355
293
36].
4'79
499
464
597
322
406
501
303
443
407

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 23

Rusk . . . . . . . . . . . .279, 285, 288, 296, 545, 356, 384, 445, 446, 502, 503

Sabine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .302, 504, 447, 466

San Saba . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..259, 598

San Augustine . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .357, 448, 467

Smith . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . . . .235, 263, 505, 339, 344, 362, 449, 450, 468

Tarrant . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .226, 563, 340, 469

Titus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..209, 283, 451

Travis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .204, 385, 408

Trinity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..241, 306, 590, 386, 358, 387, 596, 475, 452

Tyler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . .252, 277, 317, 312

Upshur . . . . .5 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .232, 582, 453

Victoria. . . . .' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . H247, 250, ass, 409, 410

Van Zandt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .305, 568, 569, 454, 455

Walker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .210, 295, 516, 411

Waller . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .253, 262, 564, 525, 506

Washington . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..553, 412, 456, 457, 476

Webb . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .319, 320

Wharton . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .565, 554

Wilbarger . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583

Wilson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 389

Wise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..507, 508, 345

Williamson . . ._ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .327, 363

Wood . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..274, 297, 301, 526, 520, 509

DETAILS OF THE EXPERIMENTS.

The details of the experiments not already published are here given.
The experiments are numbered for purposes of reference.

DETAILS OF MISCELLANEOUS EXPERIMENTS.

F. M. Deaver, Rockport, Arcm-sas Cotmty. Experiment 316. Farm
three and one-half miles southwest of Rockport. Soil poor, but uni-
form. Produces one-fifth bale of cotton. In cultivation one year after
a rest of six years. Previously trucked for several. years, then aban-
doned. Land some twelve feet elevation. Fine light, spotted, sandy
soil with a yellowish gray clay subsoil. Drainage’ not extra good.
Breaks land by December 1. Tomatoes planted March 15, harvested
May 23 to July 17, fertilizer applied by hand in rows. Two rows
per plot three and one-half feet apart and 315 feet long. Cultivated
three times with a five-plow cultivator. Plot 1 followed after a growth
of cowpeas the year before and showed more early growth. Plot 8
made slow and scant growth. Plot 9 had darker green color and had
largest percentage of fruit. Plot 10 had least rotten fruit.

24 Tnxas AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT ‘STATION.

Table 18.—Experiment 316——pounds tomatoes per acre, 1913, Aransas county—-F. M. Deaver.

    
 
 

Plot Application. Pounds.
No. _
1 Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5830

2 300 pounds acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7050

3 400 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9960

4 300 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 100 pounds nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9480

5 700 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8840

6 300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal, 40 pounds sulphate of otash . . . . . . . . . . . 10910

‘g 300tlpounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal, 100 pounds sulphate o potash . . . . . . . . . . 

o mg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

9 One load of manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 70890

10 Hydratedlime, 800 pounds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7920

C’. P. Polk c0 Son, Alvin, Brazoria Coimly. Experiment 317.
Farm three miles northwest of Alvin. Soil is moderate, regular and
of even depth, best suited to slow growing crops. Has been in culti-
vation fifteen years. Average yield per acre, twenty bushels of corn.
Soil has been neglected and poorly used until three years ago. Surface
soil light colored sand. Subsoil clay. Excellent drainage conditions.
Land broken in January, tomatoes planted March 2'7 to April 6 and
harvested June 1 to July 1. Fertilizer distributed by hand ten days
before planting. Two rows per plot, four feet apart and 280 feet long.
Plots 5, 6, '7, 8, 9, 10 Were pounded and mulched, others were not. All
plots affected by drouth.

Table 19.—Pounds tomatoes per acre, 1914.

C. P. Polk, J. G. Gilter,
Plot Application. Brazoria Co. Calhoun Co.
No. Experiment 317. Experiment 318.
1 Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3000 2620
2 300 pounds acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , . . . . . . . . . . 5360 6860
3 400 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3920 5560
. 4 300 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 100 pounds
nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 4320 6420
5 300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4600 5520
6 300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal, 40 pounds
sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4740 6000
7 300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal, 100 pounds
sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5060 6560
8 Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3180 4400
9 20 loads manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .- . . . . . . 5460 5700
10 Bag No. 10, 300 pounds acid phosphate, 2O loads manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5480 6300

John G. Gilter, i8eadrift, Calhoun. County. Experiment 318. One
and one-fourth miles east of Seadrift. Soil moderate and uniform.
Land has been broken two years. Upland with dark sandy surface soil
about eight inches deep with a clay subsoil. Fair drainage conditions.
Land broken in November. Tomatoes planted on March 20 and har-
vested during June and July. Fertilizer applied by hand in furrow
and bedded. All. plots cultivated alike. Plots 9 and 1O looked best
until dry weather. Plots 1 and 8 improved after wet spell. Two rows
per plot, four feet apart, and 280 feet long.

agqm-w-wwww-r, w... .._. ,  ,

  

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTs, 1908-19 17 . 25
Table 20.—,-Pou nds onions per plot, 1912, W. A. Cone, Webb county, experiment 319.
Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2300

70 pounds acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2150

140 pounds cottonseed meal. . . .‘ . . . . . . . L . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2100

70 pounds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2350

g0 plpnnds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal, 20 pounds sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

o mg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

70 pounds acid phosphate, 70 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . 2250

36 pounds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . 1950

36 pounds acid phosphate, 140 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . 2500

10 pounds sulphate of potash, 80 pounds lime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2300
Table 2l.—Crates onions per one-seventh acre, 1913, W. A. Cone, Webb county, experiment 320.
Plot Application. Crates.
No.
1 Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

2 30 pounds acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

3 50 pounds acid phosphate, 190 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25

4 50 pounds acid phosphate, 190 pounds cottonseed meal, 30 pounds potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

5 30 pounds acid phosphate, 190 pounds cottonseed meal, 60 pounds potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35

6 190 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

7 2400 pounds barnyard manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 35

W. A. Gone, Laredo, Webb County. Experiment 319. Good soil of
uniform character. Produces about 15,000 pounds of onions. In cul-
tivation seven years. Upland, loam, chocolate color, with clay subsoil.
Drainage good. Land broken in November. Bermuda onions were
planted in November. Rows 4-50 feet long. All plots had some treat-
ment after fertilizing.

W‘. A. Gone.
in Experiment 319.

hlxperiment 320. The soil was similar to that used
Plots one-seventh acre. i

W. M. Plaster, Bedias, Grtznes County]. Experiment 321. Spanish
peanuts, rows thirty-six inches apart, land cultivated twenty years,
hilly but next to creek bottom. Tight sandy clay surface soil, stiff
dark clay subsoil. Peanuts planted March 13, harvested August 28.
Four rows per plot, three feet apart, 1.10 yards long. Lime applied
two weeks before planting.

Table 22.— Peanuts per acre, 1911, W. M. Plaster, Grimes county, experiment 321.

_ ' Bushels Pounds
Application. peanuts. hay.
No fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 6400

160 pounds acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 165 9900

1,000 pounds hydrated lime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 8800

- 160 pounds acid phosphate and 10 pounds sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 183 9900

160 pounds acid phosphate and 50 pounds sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 6600
160 pounds acid phosphate and 70 pounds cottonseed meal and 10 pounds sulphate of
potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147 6600

26 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Table 23.—Pounds kafir corn fodder per acre, 1915, William T. Dudgeon, Potter county, experiment 322.

Plot ' Application. ' Pounds.
N0.
1 Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4150

2 150 pounds acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5430

3 200 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5080

4 150 pounds acid phosphate, 10 pounds cottonseed meal, 5O pounds nitrate of soda . . . . . . . . . . . .. 5530

5 150 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6470

6 150 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 20 pounds sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . 6760

7 150 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 50 pounds sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . 6760

8 Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4360

9 Ten loads manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5140

10 150 pounds acid phosphate, ten loads manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6820

W. T. Dudgeon, Amarillo, Potter County. Experiment 322. Seven
and three-fourths miles north of Amarillo, soil moderate and uniform.
band has been cultivated four years, raising two crops of milo and
three of kafir. Average yield two tons of kafir fodder perycar. Up-
land with reddish loam surface soil and clay subsoil. Land lies on
moderate slope. Manure has been used with good results. Land
broken in December, kafir corn planted on May 29. Fertilizer applied
by hand after planting, and mixed with dirt with spiked drag. Four
rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart and 312 feet long. Stand
poor. Plots 9 and 10 contained volunteer plants from manure; these
were cut out.

William M. Garrett, Center Point, Kerr County. Experiment 323.
Land located in town. Produces about twelve and one-half bushels of
corn, has been in cultivation about ten years. First bottom land, dark
red surface soil with a stiff clay subsoil. No fertilizer was ever used
on this plot. Cabbage planted July 11, 1911, and harvested from
October 15 to November 1.. Two rows two and one-half feet apart,
and 400 feet long. The land was broken early in the fall, rebroken
in the springand put in fine shape for the experiment. No rain on
the crop from the time the crop was planted until the crop was har-
vested. Three irrigations were made.

Table 24.—-Pounds cabbage per acre, 1911, W. M. Garrett, Kerr county, experiment 323.

Appli cation. Pounds.
No fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6360

400 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .' . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8120

300 pounds acid phosphate and 400 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9800

300 pounds ‘acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal and 20 pounds muriate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6240

300 bounds ‘acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal, 100 pounds muriate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9980

No fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7200

20 loads manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8140

DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS WITH COTTON——1911.

G. H. Knellinger, Route 1,2, Luflrin, Angelina County. Experiment
346. Land located two and one-half miles east of Lufkin. Good uni-
form soil, both fields cleared and plowed last June. Not in cultiva-
vation in ten years. Upland soil, light loam surfacesoil with a darker

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 2'7

subsoil twenty inches below the surface. Fertilized land last year
gave 254 pounds lint to the acre, and neighbors averaged only one-
fourth bale. Cotton planted May 9, and harvested October 12, 1911.
Four rows four feet apart and 280 feet long. Harrowed May 15, cul-
tivated May 26, chopped May 31, cultivated June '7, much rain. Cul-
tivated June 26, rained from July 4 to July 8, cultivated July 11.
All crops injured by worms. Rain in July made cotton throw off
nearly all worms. Worms took possession about August 24, and cleaned
it up. First picking September 9. Lot '7 was crossed at one end by
an old fence row which, together with thirty-nine more stalks than
lot No. 1, largely accounts for the increase in cotton.

Description of soils No. 6010. Depth 0”-12”. Located two and
three-fourths miles east of Lufkin, Angelina County, a triangular field
on south side of the public road, Will Massingill survey. This is
slightly rolling upland and is well drained. Corn and cotton are the
principal crops. It produced last year one-half bale of cotton per acre,
which was an exceptional yield, as the land is worn out from long cul-
tivation and abuse. Fertilizer increases the yield. The soil is a dark
brownsandy loam, which runs together in wet seasons, gets hard in
dry seasons, and dries into clods. It does not crack. Dirt does not
wash onto it, though the soil washes off a little. The land has been
cultivated since 1850. The sample represents much of that part of
the county in which it occurs.

No. 6011. Depth 12"-24”. Subsoil to 6010. This is a dark brown
clav.

Table 25.—Seed cotton, pounds per acre, 1908.

g s“? £3 s 5% s a5
m os-g a O
a g5 a? a s; egg
9' E .21 Q E g é: gag ,2’; Q's
Z .2 2% s? see 2%?
>i N 5 091 -.-. O .,.. ...< O 5 ..-. O .
"‘ l 3 3 "I 3 ' 3 ' E 3 ‘.3
 a’ i=2’ g g5 s5 s52 E5“.
g ‘Z ‘g o or?» g2  
A Z Z 0?: g o1 N 8
324 Henry, Brazos county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 920 . .‘ . . . . . . 1180 1020 1190 1200 1240

325 Peters, Brazos county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 . . . . . . . . 480 480 510 530 580

326 Faisop, Leon county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 290 . . . . . . . . 400 430 460 410 420

327 Wutrlch, Williamson county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _530 530 530 570 560 560 570

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 580 . . . . . . . . 648 625 680 675 703

Herbert Lynch, Ilooks, Bowie County. Experiment 347. Land
located eight miles southeast of New Boston. Fairly uniform soil,
moderate in fertility; produces twenty bushels corn and one-fifth bale
cotton. Land in cultivation about thirty years. Hilly upland soil,
surface soi.l light sand, subsoil red clay. Land broken February 1.
Cotton planted May 11, harvested September 20 and December 20.
The fertilizer was distributed by hand. Four rows three and a half
feet apart and 280 feet long. Chopped out May 2 and 29 and culti-

28 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

vated three times with a cultivator. One row of the unfertilized plot
was affected t0 an advantage by an adjoining fertilized plot. On ac-
count of wet weather insufficient cultivation was given the land.

S. D. Crampton, Route 1, Nash, Bouuie County. Experiment 348.
Land located one mile north of Nash. Produces about one-third bale
to the acre, and has been in cultivation about seventeen years. Hilly
land, light sandy surface soil and a yellow sandy subsoil. Fertilizer
with acid phosphates gave good results. Cotton planted the first of May
and harvested October 10. Four rows four feet apart, 280 feet long;
all worked well, but hot winds ruined it. The third plot gave best
results. The stand was bad on the first unfertilized plots.

R. L. Bush, Fairlwnd, Bumet County. Experiment 349. Land one
mile north of Fairland. Produces twenty bushels of corn or one-fourth
bale of cotton. In cultivation forty years. Upland soil at the foot of
a range of hills. Surface soil is a red sandy loam and the subsoil is
a yellowish clay. Barnyard manure has given good results. Soil
planted May 8 and harvested in September and November. Sixteen
rows three feet apart, 2'70 yards long. Bad stand on No. 6. Nos. 1
and 2 slightly affected by a peach tree fifteen feet from one corner.
Cotton much injured by dry weather.

Description of soils Nos. 4336-4337. Depth 0"-9". Located one
mile north of Eairland, Burnet County, farm of A. L. Bush, William
Ingram survey of 320 acres. This is moderate to good upland, sloping
and well drained. It produces one-fourth bal.e of cotton and twenty
bushels of corn per acre. Cotton, corn, oats, and hay are the principal
crops. Barnyard manure and nitrate of soda have been applied to the
soil with good results. The native vegetation is mesquite grass and
Colorado grass. The soil is a reddish brown fine sand. Fine crops
are made in wet seasons, but in dry seasons crops are short. The soil
packs, but does not crumble nor crack. The under drainage is good
except in patches. It washes to some extent a11d onlower parts dirt
washes onto it. The land has been under cultivation for forty to fifty
years. The sample represents about sixty acres of the farm and sev-
eral hundred acres in the county. No green crops have been plowed
under. Manure has been used at the rate of one ton per acre. The
soil lies at the foot of a range of sandstone hills. The soil near the
rocks is redder, looser, and packs but little; further away on level
ground, the soil is almost black. The latter produces better in aver-
age years, while in dry years the red does better.

No. 4337. Depth 9”-2~1". Subsoil to 4336. This soil is a reddish
fine sand.

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 29

Table 26.—Seed cotton, pounds per acre, 1909.

- Ts
._: E ~.c3 ._:*-‘
. _ <1 n ‘v ,3 g _ cc 3
u: co ‘v a» u: <9 .9 c: ‘v
;’ s a a5 s s 3 a is
-C1 T3 >5 <13 v-Q '13 pfi "U q;
3 9; 5 9; °’ 5; “"8 3' °° “
G.) Q2 N ,
- s e a s? s ~= == s s": =>
2° o. ‘g3 as 21.5 ‘S 0.3 =* S
>§ N 2 rs ‘g r2 8 2 s5 :2 a E! s‘
s l. 5 5 .5 5s g Z E i? Z5 E
5 5- .3 B £ .8 S i" 5 B .8 B ‘°. '3
g '5 "" -' o '-' o “‘ o "' '"‘ o o1 g
d Q 8 g CO g v—' g co IQ g m v—( o
v-J Z o1 o1 m o1 o1 v1
328 Nall, Brazos county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265 405 333 330 330 355 . . . . . . . .

329 Willis, Ellis county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 560 600 700 720 690 800 . . . . . . . .

330 Smith, Erath county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 320 220 330 230 300 340 . . . . . . . .

331 Simmes, Fannin county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180 220 220 270 340 350 . . . . . . . .

332 Van Kirk, Fannin county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190 310 240 290 290 280 . . . . . . . .

333 Powell, Houston county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1015 1155 1210 1235 1205 1215 1320

334 Gatlin. Johnson county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 240 350 330 310 310 310 . . . . . . . .

335 Stanfield, Kaufman county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75 90 93 100 93 100 . . . . . . . .

336 Griflin, Limestone county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125 390 390 400 300 270 . . . . . . . .

337 Lewis, Navarro county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 440 490 510 540 530 550 . . . . . . . .

338 Foster, Panola county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1090 1070 2640 2060 1800 1650 . . . . . . . .

33 Loving, Smith county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 640 770 810 880 840 790 . . . . . . . .

340 Harvey, Tarrant county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 150 180 195 203 203 . . . . . . . .

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 405 478 614 582 556 555 1320

J. H. Sandridge, Alioga, Collin County. Experiment 350. Land
nine miles ‘northeast of McKinney. Uniform land produces one-half
bale of cotton and has been in cultivation for ten years. Light second
bottom land formerly timbered 5 no fertilizer was ever used. The cotton
was planted April 13, and harvested October 18. The beds Were opened
by shovel and fertilizer was distributed by hand. Four rows three and
one-half feet apart and 310 feet long. Three plowings. No difference
noted in the appearance of the crops. '

Description of soils Nos. 5953-59511. Depth 0"-6". Located nine
miles northeast of McKinney, Collin County. This is a fifty-acre farm
on Sist or Grove Creek, formerly owned by S. P. Beard, James Fisher
survey. It is second bottom land, subject to overflow, and is consid-
ered good soil. It produces one-half bale of cotton, forty bushels of
corn, or fifty bushels of oats per acre. The principal crops are corn,
cotton, oats, and potatoes. No fertilizer has been applied. The native
vegetation is oak and elm timber. The soil ‘is a black loam, which
dries very slowly when thoroughly saturated. It gets hard in dry
seasons, but holds moisture well. It does not pack, wash, or crack,
but crumbles on drying. Not much dirt washes onto it. There is
not much surface drainage. The land has been under cultivation for
eighteen years. The sample represents nine-tenths of the farm. Blood
weeds plowed under made soil very loose, and increased yield one-
third. Very little manure has been used. No results first year.

No. 59511. Depth 6"-.18”. Subsoil to 5953. This soil is a black

clay.

30 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Table 27.—Seed cotton, pounds per acre, 1910.

._:] .=i
._: . 3 q; a5 3
-—' o! ,_~.-C1 ,__:"" s. *9 *’
.5  £5 s" s E s" s5 é é s5
s s... as s a s s a ° a 8 s s
s. e as e ~ eés a? #2.? w s. m:
- s as i’? see 22s 5 m °'=
° .=: n. ¢> n33 o. o ‘S o. o = Q a '5. '~'
f, m .5,“ rs % 2 8 72%? 2% E? 2s g, 79. 5
s i.      f. P: 43%
‘Z E =6 5*“ é '5 é’ 5 L5 é i“ “- i” E 5 3
s *8 i 2% s2 sgs 23$ é s s‘:
r4 Z m c»: o1 o: m ' m oz cu
341 Substation N0. 1, Bee county. . . . . 590 615 608 830 805 790 . . . . . . . 670 610
342 Jordan, Cass county . . . . . . . . . . . . . 520 270 590 660 660 570 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
343 Hamon, Honklns county . . . . . . . . . 950 1000 1100 940 1120 1090 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
344 Substation No. 2, Smith county. . . 540 570 560 740 710 730 880 830 880
345 Spencer, Wlse county . . . . . . . . . . . . 570 660 650 540 520 540 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 634 621 702 742 763 744 880 750 795

F. M. Morris, Aubrey, Route 2, Danton County. Experiment 351.
Land located four miles southwest of Aubrey, Denton County; produces
one-third bale of cotton, twenty bushels of corn. In cultivation thirty
years; upland; soil nearly level; drains Well; white sandy soil eighteen
inches deep to red clay subsoil; never used any fertilizer. Cotton was
planted May 18, fertilizer distributed by hand in the furrow; four rows,
four feet apart, 280 feet long. Land was flatbroken in the previous
fall six inches deep. Cultivation was frequent and shallow. The ex-
periment was interfered with by the dry weather and a hard frost
destroyed about one-half of the bolls early in November.

Description of soils Nos. 5943-5944. Depth 0"-9". Located four
miles southwest of Aubrey, C. B. Emrnons survey. This is upland,
slightly rolling. Drainage is good. It’ produces one-third bale of cot-
ton, twenty-five bushels of corn, thirty bushels of oats per acre. This
land has been under cultivation fourteen years. No hard lumps in
dry seasons. Soggy in very wet weather. Does not pack, crumbles,
cracks, washes much. Stands drouth well. Peas and crab grass plowed
under with good results. Manure in small amounts gave splendid
results. Soil is gray sandy.

No. 5944. Subsoil to 5943. Depth 9”-21”. This soil is yellowish

red sandy.

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZEItE-XPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. A 31

Table 28.—Seed cotton per acre, 1911.

5 .
. ._: _: 3 4'5
T. 8 é‘; *5 s i‘;
qs a v q: s q: e- ..- o
s s E ‘vi-u sis s52
'5 i?» f‘; 85 i .8 3 i s g a5
e é’ E i‘ E 5 E 53 é’ é’ ‘s E
z e es es as? ess ~ w"
s -, T     i‘ s
8 en =0 ‘i vs ‘L? “fie “.8 a5 d
o! c: :1 <15 m-D m—~ =13—- d-—-.Q Q .0
s a s e e g 2 5; e s, 2 2 s, g g g
s *5 ‘8 s s“ s~ s~~ s“ z s
h} Z Z v-a v-a v-O v-I w v-u 1-1
346 G. H. Knellingsr, Angelina county 380 530 1050 1080 1100 1090
347 Herbert Lynch, Bowie county. . . . 230 230 330 430 390 440
348 S. D. Campton, Bowie county. . . . 200 . . . . . . . 410 490 560 510
349 R. L. Bush, Burnett county . . . . . . 380 400 370 400 410 410
350 J. H. Sandidge, Collin county. . . . . 430 510 440 470 450 480
351 F. M. Morris, Denton county. . . . . 750 900 950 1280 1160 . . . . . . .
352 S. L. Sealy, Lee county . . . . . . . . . . 410 390 540 550 540 . . . . . . .
353 R. Windsor, Leon county . . . . . . . . 860 . . . . . . . 980 940 940 890
354 W. M. Farmer, Milam county. . . . 220 . . . . . . . 240 280 300 220
355 O. W. Sherrill, Navarro county. . . 1620 1750 1650 1840 1900 1860
356 C. Gilliam, Rusk county . . . . . . . . . 150 180 300 430 480 . . . . . . .
~35? J JH. Hines, San Augustine county 620 . . . . . . . 880 970 1040 990
358 R. F. Herndon,_Trimfy county.. . . 1180 . . . . . . . 890 1170 1200 . . . . . . .
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 572 61L 695 851 805 765

 

S. L. Sealy, Route 2, Lexington, Lee County. Experiment 352.
‘ Poor uniform soil, produces ten bushels corn per acre and 300 pounds
cotton. In cultivation five years. Upland soil, red sandy surface soil
twelve inches deep with a yellow clay subsoil. Broken about January 1.
Cotton planted April 13, and harvested October 9 ; four rows, three feet
eight inches apart and 282 feet long. Middle broken out with sweep;
fertilizers put out and bedded with turning plow. All the crops were
damaged by drouth. .

Description of soils Nos. 4326-4327. Probably Orangeburg fine sand.
Depth 0”-5”. Located two and one-half miles southwest of Tangle-
wood and one-half mile west of Rockdale road, Robert Finney survey.
This is well drained upland of. moderate fertility. It produces fifteen
bushels of corn per acre. Corn and cotton are the principal crops.
No fertilizer has been applied. Sage grass constitutes the native vege-
tation. The soil is a red sand, which withstands well both wet and
dry seasons. It does not pack nor crack, and dries to crumbs. It does
not wash, and dirt does not wash onto it. The surface and under
drainage are good. It has been cultivated for sixty to seventy years.

The sample represents one-half of the farm and one-fourth of the‘

county. No green crops have been plowed under and no manure has

’been applied. .
No. 4327. Depth 5”-]8". Subsoil to 4326. This is a red sand

like the surface soil.

R. lVindsor, Route 2, Buflfalo, Leon County. Experiment 353. Land l

located. nine miles north of Buffalo. Moderate soil, in cultivation six-
teen years, and produces one-third bale of cotton per acre. Upland
sandy loam, yellowish red in color, with a reddish clay subsoil. Land
broken in the early part of January, planted in cotton May 17, and

32 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

first picking October 10. Four rows, four feet apart, 280 feet long.
Land was thoroughly broken and broadcast twice very early and well
cultivated during growing season. The last shallow plowing the mid-
dle of August. All the crops were damaged by boll weevil and boll
Worm. It was planted too late to obtain the best results. *

Description of soils Nos. 3367-3368. Depth 0”-7”. Located nine
miles south of Buffalo, Freestone County. Pre-emption section, S. W.
Weims survey. The sample was taken on a rise in the center of the
field close to an old peach tree. This is rolling land, well drained,
and of moderate fertility. It produces fifteen bushels of corn or one-
third bale of cotton per acre. Corn, cotton, and peas are the principal
crops. “No fertilizer has been applied. The soil is a light reddish
sand, which packs, and crumbles on drying. It does not crack, does
not wash, and dirt does not wash onto it. The under drainage is good.
It has been cultivated for fifty-four years. The sample represents two-
thirds of the farm, and is an average for the county. Crab grass and
weeds have been plowed under, improving the soil mechanically. No
manure has been applied.

No. 3368. Depth 7”-19”. Subsoil to 3367. This soil is a light
red clay.

’ W. M. Flarmer, Zfoute 6‘, Rockdaile, Zllilam County. Experiment 354.
Land located one and one-half miles northwest of Rockdale. Moderate
land, uniform in fertility, producing about one bale to four acres.
Land in cultivation five years, but has laid out the last three years.
The surface soil is light sand, subsoil a white sand. Fertilizers have
given good results. The land has had a coat of weeds on it every
year that it laid out and has a good coat of humus. Planted April 10,
and harvested November 28. Four rows, three and one-half feet apart,
240 feet long. Shallow cultivation.

Description of soils Nos. 4749-4750. Depth 0'56". Located one-
half mile southwest of Hockdale, Milam County, farm of W. M. Farmer,
on top of a hill on Cobb bridge road. This is rolling land, well drained,
and considered poor. It produces one-half to one-fifth of a bale of
cotton per acre. '.l.‘ruck is (zhiefly grown. No fertilizer has been used.
The native vegetation is berries, roses, and tomatoes. The soil is a
white sand, which does not pack, crumble, or crack on drying. It does
not wash, and dirt does not wash onto it. Crops grow well in dry
seasons, but the soil is cold and crops have slow growth in wet seasons.
The land has been cultivated for five years. The sample represents
twenty acres on the farm, and six or eight square miles in the county.
No green crops have been plowed under, and no manure has been
applied. The land blows very bare in spring.

No. 4750. Depth 6”-]8". Subsoil to 4749. This soil is a white
sand.

O. W. Sherrill, Kerans, Navarro County. Experiment 355. Land
one-half mile north of Kerens. Uniform land moderate in fertility,
producing 600 pounds of seed cotton. In cultivation twenty-seven

i 

COOPERATIVE. FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 33

years. Upland soil, prairie hog wallow, light surface soil with clay
subsoil. Land broken about February 1, cotton planted March 13,
and harvested November 15. Fertilizer applied with cotton planter,
four rows, three feet apart and 120 yards to the row. Not enough

rainfall to make a great difference in results. Barnyard manure at

the rate of ten loads to the acre with 200 pounds of ash phosphate
produces five bales on four acres, beside the above plot.

C. Gilliam, Route 1, Elderuille, Rusk County. Experiment 356.
Land located eight miles West of Tatum. Moderate fertile mixed soil
produces 600 pounds seed cotton. In cultivation eight years. Upland
soil with a light brown loam surface soil and a yellow subsoil well
drained. Cotton planted May 15 and harvested October '7. Fertilizer
put down and bedded on. Two rows, four feet apart and 280 feet
long. All of the crops were damaged by drouth.

J. H. Hines, San Augustine, San Augustine County. Experiment
35.7. The'land is located about two and one-half miles north of San
Augustine. Good uniform land producing a bale of cotton to the acre
before the boll weevil came. Has been in cultivation eight years. It
is a level upland soil with light red loam surface soil and red clay
subsoil. The land was broken in January; no fertilizer used; crop
planted April 10 and harvested from August 20 to October 20. Two
rows, four and one-half feet apart. Bedded in January, fertilizer put
out, and rebedded in February; harrowed once; worked every eight
days with a harrow or sweeper. All of the crops were damaged by
cotton worms.

R. F. H erndoiz, Trinity, Trinity County. Experiment 358. Uni-
form moderate soil, produces one-third bale of cotton, and in cultiva-
tion fifteen years. Post oak soil, upland. Fertilizer has been used
with good results. Planted May 1 and harvested September and Octo-
ber. Four rows, forty inches apart and 320 feet long. The plot not
fertilized was laid off on the east end of the other plot and was a
good deal better cotton land. Cotton injured by dry weather on all
plots.

Table 29.—Yield seed cotton per acre, 1911.

- .='
“é s E L1‘?
‘ OJ
.. s. rs s s; s
s    s s»? s
a a c: a . TE H? ‘E;
i‘ s s - as s s w 2
S b1) g u: m-g 01'“ - d. Vi‘ In
s s -_ s s; ss s ss s
é s s» s s s. s 2 s as s
q Z Z 3 3 3 3 3 3
35° C. M. Walls, Kaufman county . . . . . . . . . . . 940 880 990 1030 ‘ 940 920 830 . . . . . ..
362 C. E. Ormand, Smith county . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1570 1820 1630 1500 1230 1410 1210
363 Paul Knouth, Williamson countv . . . . . . . . . 590 . . . . . . . 540 590 780 640 790 . . . . . . .
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 765’ 1225 1117 1083’ 1073 930 1010 1210

34 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

C. M. Walls, Mabank, Route 1, Kaufman County. Experiment 359.
Located four miles north of Mabank. Uniform soil. Produces
twenty-five bushels of corn, one-third bale of cotton. Ten years in
cultivation. Second bottom, slightly above overflow. Low sandy loam
surface soil, with a dark red subsoil. Could not see any effect of fer-
tilizers from previous years on similar soil. Cotton planted May 4
and harvested September 12 and October 28. Rows were four feet
apart and 140 feet long. Each lot was hoed twice and plowed three
times. This was considered a failure on account of nine weeks dry
weather, with four and one-half inches of rainfall in July, followed
by seven weeks dry weather.

Description of soils Nos. 4328-4329. Depth 0'58". Located four
miles north of Mabank, Kaufman County, J. M. Sims survey. This
land is moderate bottom. with occasional overflows. Drainage is fair.
It produces one-third bale of cotton and twenty-five bushels corn per
acre. Most of land has been under cultivation ten years, balance fifteen
to twenty years. One hundred pounds of fertilizer used in 1910, but
no perceptible difference noted. In wet seasons corn turns yellow
when small. In dry seasons vegetable has good color. Soil is a brown
fine sandy loam; packs only after rains, crumbles and does not crack;
washes sligjhtly, dirt does not wash onto it. No green crops; no manure.

John Stanfield, S’cm'1'-_1/, Kaufman County. Experiment 360. Rich
soil. Uniform land, produces one-third to one-half bale of cotton, or
sixteen bushels of corn. In cultivation sixteen years. Soil light loam
surface soil with a. clay subsoil. Cotton planted April 12, 1911, har-
vested in the fall, 1911. Fertilized two weeks before planting. Rows
four feet per plot, three and one-half feet apart, 270 feet long.

No. 3 (acid phosphate and cottonseed meal) did not have so good a '

stand as the other crops. No. 3 would probably have made the most
cotton. with a perfect stand. In the early spring the fertilized cotton
could be recognized at a glance.

Fertilizer. Yield seed cotton
per acre.
N0 fertilizer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 370 pounds

200 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 510 pounds

200 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 590 pounds

150 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 10 pounds sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . 560 pounds

150 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 50 pounds sulphate of potash . . . . . . . . . 750 pounds

Stanley IVaters, Ricardo, lVaeces Cortnty. Experiment 361. Land
located eight miles north of Kingsville. Uniform soil produces from
one-third to one-half bale of cotton; in cultivation for three years.
Rolling land, light surface with clay subsoil. Drainage good. Cotton
planted March 15, 1911, harvested July 12 to August '7, with a little
in October. Twelve rows per plot, four feet apart, 95 feet long, cul-
tivated aftcr every rain and whenever necessary, for retaining moisture
and removing weeds. All crops were injured by cut worms.

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 35
Fertilizer. Yield seed cotton
per acre.
200 pounds 0f acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1170

200 pounds of acid phosphate, 60 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1560 iidiihdz

Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1170 pounds

200 pounds acid hosphate, 120 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1440 pounds

200 pounds acid phosphate, 60 pounds cottonseed meal, 5 pounds muriate of potash . . . . . . . . . . . . 1850 pounds

200 pounds acid phosphate, 60 pounds cottonseed meal, 12.5 pounds muriate of potash . . . . . . . . . 2080 pounds

Barnyard manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1660 pounds

The variety grown was Hastings small boll variety. The fertilized
cotton was the only really good cotton, as it recovered from the cotton
worm much better than the others.

C’. E. Ormand, Troup, Smith Comm, Texas. Experiment 362.
Land located two miles northeast of Troup. Moderate in fertility, uni-
form in character, produces about one-third bale of cotton to the acre.
Land in cultivation about thirty-five years. Gray sandy land, subsoil
yellow, bottom subsoil red clay. Barnyard manure gives good results
on this land. Four rows per lot. First working with walking culti-
vator. Second working after chopping May 20, siding up with heel
sweep, June 28. Some damage by heavy rains to several of the plots.
Plots 1 and '7 had decidedly the better stand. Planted April 14¢, four
rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart, 300 feet long. Mebane
Triumph planted.

Paul Knauth, '!~‘V'eir, Williamson. County, Texas. Experiment 363.
Land located one-half mile from Weir. Uniform land, produces one-
half bale of cotton, or forty bushels of corn. In cultivation twelve
years. Upland prairie soil with a black surface soil and a chalky
subsoil. Land was in cotton last year. Ran out stalks with a ten-inch
hand plow, harrowed down level, laid off three-foot rows with eight-inch
diamond _shovel on cultivator, then bedded up with twenty-four-inch
sweep. Cotton planted April 1, picked August 24 and September 12;
six rows per lot, three feet apart, 24:3 feet long. Crops were cut short
by the dry weather.

Description of soils Nos. 5966-5967’. Depth 0”-10”. Located one-
half mile north of Weir, Williamson County, Texas, Samuel Virn sur-
vey. The sample was taken 150 yards northwest of the house. This
is good upland locally known as “black land.” It produces thirty-five
bushels of corn or one-half bale of cotton per acre. Corn and cotton
are the principal crops. A. small amount of fertilizer has been used,
but apparently it has not done much good. The native vegetation
consists of sage grass. The soil is a black clay which acts all right in
wet seasons but cracks and dries badly in drouths. It does not pack,
and crumbles on drying. The surface drainage is good. The land
has been in cultivation for fourteen years. The sample represents two-
thirds of the farm and two-thirds of the county. No green crops have
been plowed under. Ten to twelve loads of manure per acre give good
results in wet seasons, but do harm in dry seasons.

No. 5967. Depth 10”-18”. Subsoil to 5966. This soil is black
clay, like the surface soil.

36 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION-

DETAILS OF EXPERIMENTS——COTTON, 1912.

Edzrard Wersebe, San Antonio, Bercar County, R. F. D. N0. 7. Ex-
periment 364. Located thirteen miles southwest of San Antonio.
Orangeburg fine sandy "loam soil, uniform character, produces one-
fourth bale of cotton, twenty to twenty-five bushels of corn, in culti-
vation twenty years. Red sandy loam surface soil with a joint red
clay subsoil. Never used any commercial fertilizer, but has used farm
manure. Cotton planted April 4, and harvested in October, 1912.
Four rows per plot, four feet apart, 280 feet long. Middles plowed
April 19, plowed April 29, plowed May 11, chopped May 13, plowed
May17, plowed May 29, first bloom June 6, plowed June 13, plowed
July 1. Plot No. 1 had top soil blown on and was better than the
others.

Description of soils Nos. 7343-7344. Depth 0"-11". Located thir-
teen miles southwest of San Antonio, BeXar County. This is upland
soil, somewhat rolling, and is considered moderate in fertility. It)
produces 500 pounds of seed cotton and twenty-five to thirty bushels of
corn per acre. The soil is a reddish brown sand, which packs and
crumbles on drying. It is known as sandy mesquite. It produces
small growth in wet seasons, and the crop i’s stunted in dry seasons.
Cotton does not die. The land has been cultivated for twenty years.
The sample represents ten acres of the farm and thousands of acres
in the county. ‘

No. 7344. Depth 11”-24". Subsoil to 7343. This is a red sand.

H. J. Klorres, lfelaisco, Brazoria County. Experiment 365. Eight
miles from Velasco. Good uniform land. Produces three-fourths bale
of cotton. In cultivation eighteen years. Hill land with gray sandy
clay soil with hard clay subsoil. Drainage natural. Fertilized by hand
and mixed in with small sweep. Four rows to the plot, three feet ten
inches apart, and 280 feet long. Cultivated with a two-horse cultivator
April 27, May 27, June 13, and July 3. Used sweep June 19 and
July 15. Chopped out May 7. Replanted May 14 and June 12. Cut
worms damaged all plots and especially the replanted cotton. The soil
on plot 10 packed so that the seed did not come up and rain delayed
replanting.

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. - 37

Table 30.—Seed cotton per acre, 1912.

._: ._' 4%, 4'2; <5

.4 ‘=3 i3 $3 i3 . f3 73 .

 i" s a #55  i‘ a ‘E a E 7%’ *3

s. i‘ s? s e as? as? i i

m u; m a m g m a 3 m o , 9' 8

' ° Q o o ° o f: o =1 .3 a 13 ‘” g '5'

° '5. 9 '51:: i: ==*=-= 713s S g ‘=-

z w 3 '0 ° ° "c 05-9‘ '1: 15-9‘ P‘ o #1

z» 7 r "s s '5‘? 7§‘3‘s?%'s‘i€ e g s

+3 a s" T2 l‘; Z5 2% 25s Lise e s ‘.3

E l‘? l‘? i i 5% 3?. iéélié; l3 i f.

Q IQ

s‘ z é 2 a a a s: - s s: a a
364 Edward Wersebe, Bexar Co. . 590 330 460 530 630 520 600 630 540‘ . . . . . . 380

365 H. J. Klorres, Brazoria Co. 1340 1330 1680 1570 1660 1720 1700 1650 2140 . . . . . . . . . . . .

366 C. A. Preston, Calhoun C0. . . 390 400 470 500 510 . . . . . . 530 560 - 510 . . . . . . 530

, 367 J. S. Jones, Cherokee Co... .. 890 1060 950 1130 . . . . . . 1180 1200 . . . . . . 1440 . . . . . . 1780

368 W. T. Foote, Clay Co . . . . . . . 1120 1420 920 1450 1280 1400 1710 1430 1200 . . . . . . 1210

369 A. Dittman, Comal Co . . . . . . 530 560 490 480 450 540 480 460 600 . . . . . . . . . . . .
870 J. M. Campbell, Dallas C0 . . 810 870 940 750 890 880 820 890 1550 . . . .  630
371 Sam W. Harwer, Denton Co. 750 . . . . . . 720 800 850 810 790 830 800 . . . . . . . . . . . .

372 E. B. Powers, Ellis Co... . .. . 1150 1190 1220 1110 1170 1180 1090 1100 1190 . . . . . . . . . . . .

373 Alvin Albers, Fayette Co. . . . 670 580 770 730 830 850 880 910 910 . . . . . . 700

374 R. Windsor, Freestone Co... 430 . . . . .. 450 470 540 600 510 650 . . . . . . . . . . . . 670

375 J. H. Thomas, Hill C0 . . . . . . . 700 . . . . . . 800 790 790 830 820 750 . . . . . . . . . . . . 650

376 J. T. Lamm, Hunt Co . . . . . . . 790 760 800 800 810 800 830 790 750 . . . . . . 730

377 John Stanfield, Kaufman Co. 740 . . . . .. 950 1110 1250 1180 1440 . . . . . . . . . . .. 750 . . . . ..
378 Fritz Patechernick, Kendall
C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 530 538 480 520 680 490 020 650 580 . . . . . . 540

379 S. L. Sealy, Lee C0 . . . . . . . . 580 . . . . . . 450 610 710 640 750 860 660 . . . .- . . 680

380 W. M. Begony, Limestone Co. 7 70 810 950 790 960 1030 940 1030 780 . . . . . . 940

381 P. H. Orrick, Madison Co... . 800 930 920 910 1050 990 1040 1170 730 . . . . . . . . . . . .

382 J. M. Gibbs, Madison Co. . . 890 940 1040 1040 1090 1090 1120 1050 1180 . . . . . . . . . . . .

383 J. D. Henson, Robertson Co . 680 720 590 680 700 600 550 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

384 G. W. Young, Rusk Co. . . . . 980 900 1020 1170 1180 1240 1110 1090 1710 . . . . . . . . . . . .

385 L. O. Busch, Travis Co . . . . . . 320 340 270 340 450 320 440 370 700 . . . . . . . . . . . .

386 M. M. Reynolds, Trinity Co. . . . . . . 970 1130 1090 1310 1160 1240 1250 1170 . . . . . . . . . . . .

387 C. B. Holmes, Trinity Co. . . . 600 670 810 860 1090 860 950 1020 730 . . . . . . 780

388 A. Ray, Victoria Co . . . . . . . . . 660 690 890 840 1030 1010 990 1000 1240 1150 . . . _. . .

389 J. M. Henry, Wilson Co. . . . . 470 320 530 490 560 630 560 600 440 . . . . . . . . . . . .

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . 727 762 796 829 899 902 837 901 980 950 731

C. A. Preston, Magnolia. Beach, Calhoun County. Experiment 366.
Eleven miles northwest of Port Lavaca. Moderately good land, mixed.
Produces one-fifth bale of cotton. In cultivation two years. Previously
a pasture. Prairie land. Medium sandy soil with clay subsoil. Land

broken January 1. Cotton planted March 10. Fertilizer applied with’

a distributor. Four rows per plot, forty-two inches apart, and 280
feet long. Ordinary cultivation was practiced. Plots 4, 5 and 6 were
damaged by ant hills. Fertilized plots matured earlier and were gath-
ered six weeks before the remainder of the crop.

Description of soils 7171-7172. Depth 0”-6”. Located seven miles
southeast of Port Lavaca, Calhoun County. This land is fiat and
uniform, no hard lumps. It produces one-fourth bale of cotton. Parts
of field rather sandy with subsoil nearly at surface inplaces. Farm
manure doubled the yield of cotton. Soil is dark gray fine sand; it
packs and runs together and does not produce a good stalk. Crop
stands drouth Well if cultivated four to five inches deep.

‘No. 7172. Subsoil to 7171. Depth 6”-16”. This soil is brown gray.

W. S. Jones, Jacksonville, Cherokee Cortnty. Experiment 367. One
and three-fourths miles north of Jacksonville. Fairly good land and
uniform. Produces one-half bale of cotton. In cultivation five years.
Previous history not known. Upland, gray sandy soil with red clay

38 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

subsoil. Drainage fair. Land broken in December. Cotton planted
April 30 and harvested from August 23 to September 20. Fertilized
by hand. Four rows to the plot, four feet apart, and 280 feet long.
Plowed ten inches deep February 6. Double-disked once. Harrowed
three times, chopped to eighteen inches, cultivated five times and hoed
twice. Plots 1, 2, 3, 5, 6 and 8 died out after picking. Plot 1 planted
next to corn.

Description of soils Nos. 7089-7090. Depth 0"’-9". Located one and
one-half miles north of Jacksonville, Cherokee County. This is valley
land, nearly uniform, and considered of moderate fertility. No fer-
tilizer or manure has been applied and no green crops have ever been

plowed under. The soil is a reddish gray sand. Plants produce a -

good stalk. Cotton dies in spots. The land had been cultivated for
six years. The sample represents ten acres of the farm.
No. 7090. Depth 9”-12". Subsoil to 7089. ‘This is a red sand.

G. A. Fooie, Byers, Clay County. Experiment 368. Two miles west
of Byers. Moderately good uniform land. Produces one-eighth to one-
third bale cotton. In cultivation three years. Upland grayish red
sandy loam with clay subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken Decem-
ber 11, cotton planted April 20 and harvested in September. Fertilizer
applied April 13. Six rows per plot, three feet four inches apart, and
210 feet long. Cultivation throughout was shallow with six and ten-
inch sweeps.

V. Dittmar, New Braurlfels, Comal County. Experiment 369. Five
miles south of New Braunfels. Land moderately good and uniform.
Produces thirty-five bushels of oats. In cultivation fifty years. Pre-
viously planted alternately in cotton and corn. First bottom land_,
dark sandy loam; subsoil same. Well drained. Land plowed in De-
cember. Cotton planted March 27. Fertilizer put out by hand. Two
rows per plot, three feet two inches wide and 615 feet long. Plots 3,
4, 6, and 7 were damaged by dying out in spots. These were replanted
but the plant did not yield well.

Description of soils Nos. 7097-7098. Depth 0”-10”. Located five
miles south of New Braunfels, Comal County, J. S. Johnson survey.
This is a brown or dark gray moderate and uniform clay, locally known
as “bottom land.” It is uniform and has hard lumps. Soil gets hard
in wet years, but yield is greater than in dry years. It packs, runs
together and clods. It has been cultivated fifty to sixty years and
no fertilizer has been used; thirty to forty loads of manure per acre
doubles the yield. This sample represents forty acres of the farm and
thousands of acres along the Guadalupe river. One acre produces one-
third bale cotton, thirty-five bushels corn, or thirty bushels oats.

N0. 7098. Sul>soil to 7097. Depth 10”-22”. This is a dark gray
soil, which turns black when wet. It is a uniform soil and contains
hard lumps.

J. M. Campbell, Richardson, Dallas County. Experiment 370. Two
miles north of Richardson. Land moderately good and uniform. Pro-

COOPERATIvE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. ' 39

duces forty bushels corn and one-half bale of cotton. In cultivation
fifty-six years. Upland, slightly rolling. Gray black soil with a
lighter subsoil. Drainage good. Cotton planted April 22 and har-
vested October 1 to November 1. Fertilized by hand in furrow under
cotton. Seven rows per plot, forty inches apart, and sixty yards long.
Flat broken December 5. Bedded in February. Fertilizer distrib-
uted March 20. Plot 10 Was injured by lice.

Description of soils Nos. 7181-7182. Depth 0”-11”. Located two
miles north of Richardson, Dallas County, Texas, William Hughes sur-
vey. This is rolling land and is considered of uniform and moderate
fertility. It produces forty bushels of corn, fifteen bushels of Wheat
and forty bushels of oats per acre. No fertilizer or manure has been
applied, and no green crops have been plowed under. The soil is a
black clay which does not pack, run together, or clod. It crumbles
on drying. The local name is “black waxy.” Plants produce a me-
dium stalk. Cotton does not die. The land has been cultivated for
sixty-four years. The sample represents 100 acres of the farm and
two-thirds of the county.

Sam W. Harper, Sanger, Benton County. Experiment 371. Three
and one-half miles north of Denton. Land moderately good and uniform.
Produces 4:00 to 600 pounds of seed cotton and fifteen to thirty bushels of
corn. In cultivation thirty-eight years and has always been moderately
productive. Upland, gently sloping. Dark red loam, with red clay sub-
soil. Drainage good. Land broken in March. Cotton planted May 15
and harvested in September, November, and December. Fertilizer ap-
plied with cotton planter. Four rows per plot, three feet apart and 120
yards long. A bad stand was obtained on all plots and it was too late
to plant over. All plots Were about the same with regard to stand.

E. B. Powers, ll/lzntalzaclzqie, Ellis County. Experiment 372. Uni-
versity addition, Waxahachie. Black waxy soil (Houston black clay),
in cultivation twenty years or more, well drained, twenty feet deep or
more. Cotton planted three rows per plot, three feet three inches apart.
Land flat broken January 25, harrowed January 26, harrowed February
10, harrowed March 15, and harrowed April 18. The lint ran thirty-
six pounds to the hundred or more.

Atria Alberta, lVaZdeck, Fayette Uou/nty. Experiment 373. Located

one-half mile from Waldeck. Moderate mixed land. Produces twenty ‘

bushels corn or one-third bale of cotton.‘ In cultivation about twenty
years. Upland soil, dark sand surface soil, with a dark clay subsoil.
Never used any fertilizer. Cotton planted April 14 and 15, harvested
August 10 and September 20, 1912. Fertilizer applied with cotton
planter after land was center furrowed, listed, and ready to plant.
Three rows ‘per plot, three and one-half feet apart, 430 feet long. As
soon as the cotton was up it was plowed and thinned and given three
plowings afterwards. This year’s season was rather dry,

Description of soils Nos. 7155-7156. Depth 0”-5". Located about
one-half mile northeast of Waldeck, Fayette County, Texas, J. Vander-

40 ' TExAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

werth’s survey. This is rolling land, not-subject to overflows. It is
moderately fertile though not uniform. It produces about one-half
bale of cotton and twenty-two bushels of corn per acre. The principal
crops are corn, cotton, and cowpeas. No fertilizer has been applied,
except cottonseed this year at the rate of 300 pounds per acre. Manure
has been applied with good effect. The soil is a gray fine sand and
notguniform, which packs in places, runs together in places, and clods.
It crumbles on drying. Plants do not produce a good stalk unless
manure is applied. Cotton does not die. The land has been under
cultivation for perhaps over twenty years. The sample represents about
one-third of the farm. No green crops have ever been plowed under.

No. 7156. Depth 5"-1()”. Subsoil to 7155. This_is a dark gray
clay.

R. Windsor, Bizzvfialo, Freestone County. Experiment 374. Nine
miles from Buffalo. Moderately good land, produces sixteen bushels
of corn or one-fourth bale of cotton. In cultivation about fifty years.
Upland, timber land, with red and light sandy surface soil and red
clay subsoil. Cotton planted May 1-1, harvested first week in Septem-
ber and last week in October, 1912. Four rows per plot, four feet
apart, 280 feet long. Land broken in January, then harrowed, re-
bedded, harrowed and planted. Cultivated six times with a cultivator
and rows broken out with sweep in August. The crop was badly hurt
by a storm and by a severe drouth, but it never stopped growing, as he
kept stirring the soil. He had only one rain and one shower during
the growing season.

Description of soils Nos. 3367-3368. Depth 0"-’7”. Located nine
miles south of Buffalo, Freestone County, on rise in center of field
close to an old peach tree, G. W. Weims survey. This is a light reddish
sandy loam, locally known as “sandy.” It has good drainage and is
i.n rolling country. This soil packs and crumbles but does not crack
and wash. It has been in cultivation fifty-four years and no fertilizer
used. Crab grass and weeds when plowed under help mechanically.
The chief crops are cotton, peas, and corn. One acre produces fifteen
bushels of corn, or one-third bale of cotton.

N0. 3368. Depth 7”-19". This is a subsoil to 3367. It is a light
red clay. i

Mr. J. H. Thomas, R. F. D. 6, W Iwitney, Hill County. Experiment

' 3'75. Moderate soil, in cultivation about ten years, producing one-half

bale of cotton. Dark sandy loam upland, with red clay subsoil. Cot-
ton planted the last of April. Fertilizer applied in planter furrow,
three rows per plot, three feet apart and 140 yards long. All the plots
were damaged by dry weather.

J. T. Lamm, Greenville, Ilunt County. Experiment 3'76. Six miles
north of Greenville. Good soil of uniform character. Produces two-
thirds bale of cotton. In cultivation one year. Previously woodland.

‘Upland, black soil with clay subsoil. Drainage fairly good. Land

broken January 15, planted in cotton April 23. and harvested October

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 41

25. Fertilized by hand. Two rows to the plot, three feet apart, and
225 feet long. Bedded land January 20, fertilized April 19, planted
April 23, chopped and plowed May 13. Plowed June 5, hoed June 25,
plowed June 26 and July 10. 'All the plots were damaged by boll

v worms. Fertilizer seems to be profitable on this black land.

John Stanfield, ‘Scurry, Karefman County. Experiment 377. Lo-
cated three miles east of Scurry. Fairly uniform soil. Produces one-
fourth bale of cotton, or twelve bushels of corn. In cultivation eighteen
years. .Dark ash colored surface soil, sandy in character, With a tough

' dark subsoil. Cotton planted in April, harvested in the fall of 1912.

Four plots, four rows per plot, three feet two inches apart, 280 feet
long. Plowed six times with cultivator. Dry weather nearly ruined
the first crop, but it made the heaviest top crop that the owner ever had.

Fritz Patsch/ernfllok, Boerne, endall County. Experiment 378. Seven
miles northwest of Boerne. Land good and uniform. Produces‘ one-

_ fourth bale of cotton and twenty-five bushels of corn. In cultivation
1 ten years. Previously post oak thicket. Nearly level land, chocolate

color, with red clay subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken in November.

- Fertilizer used before in experiments for German Kali works. Cotton
' planted March 1.2. Harvested in September. Fertilizer distributed in

drill. Two rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart, and 560 feet

i long. Chopped to eighteen-inch stand May 15. Cultivated once with
sulky cultivator and three times with five-tooth 'harrow twice to row.

Only seven inches of rain fell from time of planting to harvest.
Description of soils Nos. s7147-7l48. Depth 0"-10". Located seven

miles northwest of Boerne, Kendall County, Texas. The land is slightly
 slanting from the center to the north, east, south and west. The crop
 production has been fairly good during the last five years. No fer-
L tilizer has been applied except on experimental plots. No manure
 has been applied except on rocky places, though here the effects were
i good. No green crops have been plowed under. The soil is a black

heavy clay, locally called “chocolate post oak.” In wet seasons the
behavior of the soil is good if cultivated four days after the rains.
In dry seasons the ground will crack badly even if worked continually.
The soil packs together, and clods on drying. Plants produce a good
stalk. Cotton dies where root rot exists. Part of the land has been
cultivated for ten years and part for thirty years. Thesample rep-
resents three-fourths of the farm.

No. 7148. Depth 10"-24". Subsoil to 7147. The soil is a red and
black mottled clay.

S. L. Sealy, Lexington, Lee County, R. F. D. .2. Experiment 379.
Land located two miles southwest of Tanglewood, Texas. Moderate
land, uniform in character, twenty years in cultivation, producing about
twenty bushels of corn. Upland soil with red loam surface soil and
yellow clay subsoil. Fertilizer has given good results. Cotton planted
April 15, harvested about September 28, 1912. Two plots per plat,
three and one-half feet apart, 200 yards long. A deep furrow was run

42 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

and fertilizer put down. Put furrows on by two-horse turn plow. Had
no rain on the cotton after June 20th.

W. M. Bigony, Groesbeck, Limestone County. Experiment 380. Six
miles West of Groesbeck. Good soil, black with yellow streaks, pro-
ducing twenty-five bushels of corn and one-half bale of cotton. In cul-
tivation four years, three in cotton and one in corn. Upland, black
and yellow soil with clay subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken Feb-
ruary 20-25. Cotton was planted May 10 and harvested November 15.
Fertilizer distributed in rows. Four rows per plat, three feet apart,
and 121 yards lo11g. Ordinary cultivation was practiced. The land
was bedded, fertilized in furrow and rebedded.

P. H. Orriok, M aclisonuille, M adison. County. Experiment 381. Two
miles south of Madisonville. Moderately good land. Uniform, pro-
duces one-half bale of cotton per acre. In cultivation six years. Was
previously covered with a thick growth of post oaks. Upland, light

land with red clay subsoil. Slightly rolling. Land broken in March. _

Cotton planted April 21, and harvested in August. Fertilizer applied
with a distributer. Six rows per plot, three and one-half feet wide,
and sixty yards long. Barnyard manure was applied March 21. '

J. M. Gibbs, Madisonoille, Madison County. Experiment 382. Two
miles north of Madisonville. Soil poor and uniform. Produces twelve
and one-half bushels of corn. In cultivation about twenty years. Up—
land, slightly rolling. Light fine sand with red clay subsoil. Land
broken in March. Fertilizer previously used with good results. Planted
cotton. in April and harvested in August. Fertilizer was applied with
a distributor two Weeks before planting. Plowed three times with cul-
tivator, plowed twice with a heel sweep, hoed twice. All plots worked
alike.

Description of soils Nos. 7159-7160. Depth 0”-8". Located about
two miles from lVPadisonville, Madison County. This is rolling upland
and is considered moderately fertile. It produces one-fourth bale of
cotton and fifteen bushels of corn per acre. One hundred and fifty
pounds per acre of fertilizer was applied with good effect. The soil is

a brown sand, which produces better in wet seasons than in dry. It is_

known as “post oa.k soil.” It packs, runs together, and clods. Plants
do not produce a good stalk. Cotton does not die. The sample rep-
resents most of the land of the county. i

No. 7160. Depth 8”--20". Subsoil to 7159. This soil is brown
mottled with red clay with some sand.

J. D. Henson, Scale, Robertson County. Experiment 383. Ten

miles northwest of Marquez. Land moderately good. Slightly mixed.

Produces 750 pounds of seed cotton. In cultivation ten years. Up-
land. Dark sandy soil with red clay subsoil. Drainage good. Breaks
land in January. H as used fertilizer with good results. Cotton planted
April 29 and harvested September 28 and November. Fertilized by
hand. Four rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart, and eighty

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 43

feet long. Land bedded and rebedded two months later. Laid off
with twenty-four-inch heel sweep and planted with a Walking planter.
Heavy rain prevented good stand.

Description of soils Nos. 7177-7178. Depth 0”-6”. Located ten
miles northwest of Marquez in Robertson County, Texas, W. L. Moss
survey. This is fairly level land, moderately fertile and uniform. It
produces about 750 pounds of seed cotton and twenty bushels of corn.
One hundred pounds per acre of fertilizer was applied in 1908 with
good effect. The soil is a light brown sand, known as Susquehanna
fine sandy loam. The behavior of the soil and the crop yield is fairly
good in both wet and dry seasons. The soil packs and runs together
very little, and does not crumble or clod. Plants produce a good stalk.
Cotton does not die. The land has been under cultivation for twenty-
two years. The sample represents r100 acres of the farm.

No. 7178. Depth 6"-12". Subsoil to 71.77. This soil is a reddish
gray sand.

Grady Young, Ouertort, Rusk County. Experiment 3811. Two and
one-half miles south of Overton. Moderately good land, mixed. Pro-
duces one-fourth to one-half bale of cotton per acre. In cultivation
fifteen years. Previously covered with post oak, red oak and hickory
trees. Upland, dark gray sandy loam soil with red clay foundation
for a yellow clay subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken February 1.
Has used fertilizer with profitable results. Cotton was planted April
20 and harvested from September 1.0 to October 25. Fertilizer applied
in water furrow and listed on. Four rows to the plot, three and one-
half feet apart, and 105 yards long. Land was broken, bedded, and
rebedded before planting, and cultivated each week until laid by.
Drouth injured all fertilized plots twenty-five per cent. Best results
were obtained with barnyard manure.

L. O. Busch, R. F...D. N0. 8, Austin, Tra/vis County. Experiment
385. Moderate, uniform land, producing about 250 pounds cotton and
twenty bushels of corn per acre, in cultivation about twenty years. Very
fertile prairie. Clay loam surface soil, upland, with a yellow clay sub-
soil. No fertilizer ever used, but planted continually in cotton and
corn. Cotton planted on April 12, 1912; harvested August 15th. One
row per plot, three feet apart; No. 1, which received no fertilizer, was
planted next to a row of corn. No. 10, which received the manure,
seemed to do better in every way than any of the others. All the other
plots fell below the general average. i

M. M. Rejq/nolds, Trinity, Trinity County. Experiment 386. Six
miles east of Trinity. Land moderately good and uniform. Produces
one-half bale of cotton. In cultivation one year. Hilly land with
light sandy soil, with light subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken in
January. Planted cotton April 19 and harvested in September and
October. Applied fertilizer on April 15. Four rows to the plot, four
feet apart and 280 feet long. Cotton chopped out on May 12 and cul-

44 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.‘

tivated every ten days until it began to open in August. Drouth
affected allof the plots, causing them to be at least one-third short.

C. B. H olmes, Pennington, Trinity; County. Experiment 387. South-
east of Groveton. Soil moderately good and uniform. Produces fifteen
bushels of corn, one-third bale of cotton. In cultivation fifty years or
more. Prairie land, gray sandy soil. Good drainage. Fertilizer has
been used profitably. Cotton was planted April 20 but did not come
up until June 1. Harvested October 25. Fertilizer applied with “Cole”
distrilautei‘ in drill. One row to a plot, four feet apart, 930 feet
long. Plots 1 and 10 might have been affected, as they were outside
rows. Four-row plots seem better than one-row plots.

Description of soils Nos. 4370-4371. ~Depth 0”-12".' Located two
miles west of Pennington and southeast of the railroad town of Grove-
ton, on the Jones place, M. Tascum league, Dailey survey. This is
upland of moderate fertility. It produces one-third bale of cotton
and fifteen bushels of corn per acre. Corn and cotton are the principal
crops. No fertilizer has been used. The native vegetation consists of
crab grass. The soil is a gray or brown sand locally called “gray
prairie.” It behaves Well in wet and dry seasons, but badly in very
wet spells. It packs and runs together, and crumbles on drying. It
does not crack, does not wash and but little dirt washes onto it. It
has been cultivated about forty years. The sample, which was sent in
by C. B. Holmes, represents 100 acres of the farm and about ten per
cent. of the county. No green crops have been plowed under and no
manure has been applied. The drainage is good.

~No. 4371. Depth 12”-24”. Subsoil to 4370. This soil is gray or
brownish fine sand.

A. Ray, Victoria», Tflctoria County. Experiment 388. East of Vic-
toria. Land good and uniform. Produces one-half bale of cotton and
thirty-five bushels of corn. In cultivation fourteen years; was pre-
viously ranch land. i Upland, sticky black soil, with clay subsoil. Good
drainage. Land broken in December. Cotton planted March 27. Har-
vested August 5-19 and September 12. Fertilizer applied March 18
by attachment on planter. Four rows to the plot, three feet nine inches
apart, and 138 yards long. Land was prepared by breaking and disk-
ing. ‘Plan out middles with six-inch shovel on April 22. Cultivated
on April 25, May 2, May 12, and with disk cultivator June 12. Green
fly attacked all plots early in season. The last row in plot 10 pro-
duced most, as it had most room, having a blank row next to it.

J. M. H enry, Zfllorestiille, Wilson County. Experiment 389. Eight
miles west of Floresville. Moderately good land with uniform land
for plot, but remainder of field spotted. Produces fifteen bushels of
corn an.d one-fourth bale of cotton. In cultivation fifteen or twenty
years. Previously has been planted chiefly to cotton, but occasionally
to corn. Upland, light sandy soil with red clay subsoil. Well drained
land, broken last of January. Barnyard manure has been used but
with small results on cotton. Planted cotton April 13 and harvested

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 45

August 30 and November 30. Applied fertilizer by opening ground
with a lister and putting down fertilizer by hand and mixed with one-

horse cultivator. Three rows per plot, three feet six inches apart."

Applied "fertilizer March 27. Rebedded on fertilizer with twelve-inch
lister and planted. Thorough shallow cultivation was practiced. Plots
8, 9 and 10 were injured by disease, 8 and 10 being the worst. Bad
stand on plots 8, 9, and 10 caused them to endure the drouth better
and partially made up for the loss in stand.

Description of soils Nos. 7231-7232. Depth 0"-12". Located eight
miles west of Floresville, Wilson County, Texas. This is rolling land,
and occurs as fine sandy loam ridges between two small branches. It
is poor in fertility a-nd not uniform. It produces one-fourth bale of
cotton and fifteen bushels of corn per acre. Manure has been used
on some of the land with a slight improvement. This is a brown sandy
soil, known as “light post oak.” It does not do well in wet seasons,
but stands drouth Well. It does not pack badly. Cotton dies, but not
from root rot. The ].and had been cultivated for twenty-five or thirty
years. The sample represents twenty acres or more of the farm, and
ten per cent. of the county.

No. 7232. Depth 127-24". Subsoil to 7231. This is a light brown
sandy soil.

DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS———COTTON, 1913.

Willis Taylor, Pales-iine, Anderson County. Experiment 390. Five
miles west of Palestine. Moderately good, uniform land. Produces

‘twenty bushels of corn, one-third bale of cotton. In cultivation from

ten to seventeen years. Upland and level. Dark sandy soil with clay
subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken in December. Fertilizer has
been used with good results. Cotton planted April 14, harvested Sep-
tember 15. Applied fertilizer in center furrow run after flat breaking.
Two rows, three and one-half feet apart, and 560 feet long. All plots
were flat broke, bedded, and cultivated just alike. Dry weather caused
short crops.

Description of soils Nos. 7706-7707. Depth 0”-6”. Located at Pal-
estine, Anderson County. These are gray upland sandy soils. One
acre produces twenty bushels of cornor 600 pounds of cotton.

No. 7707. Depth 6"-12". This is a subsoil to 7706. It is a yel-
lowish grajy sand.

46 TEXAS AGRICULTURAI. EXPERIMENT STATION.

Table 31.—Seed cotton per acre, 1913.

s” T; a“? T5?‘ ‘é
_ ._Z _ d) ' ,_ u: ,_ Q 4:- _ o +1 , _ - q)
s ass-s es $83353 s s sea’
g E gg 3 g-u gw... 2w... g jg g3

a s sea s3 esieéf. .3 ~ a as?
. O l‘? 5’ '5 q; o E‘ 3’ a g 5’ C1 y; 3 E O 5’ a, g
2 i s s??? 5% ifisiés s ‘é *5 is?»
.-. oo i? £723.12‘. 7237233723? “ 3 *3 3:33
E} I l o o o . c: o . o . w o . m S >. o Q c: ,
Q W3 Q c6 v1 . w m d m . :6 v2 . ,0 .21 u c6 u)
*5 2“ 3 vi =13 s55 v35 s52 e55‘ =1 w} a5 v2.85
3 E E 5 g £0" go go“ .<:<:—~ 2 -_Q_ g g—¢>
g "5" *5‘ o <:> o 2 g O g 0 g  5 3 g g o o o g S

.4 z z E 2 2 ‘J3 2 2 o 3 3 2
390 Willis Taylor, Anderson Co.. .. 330 320 350 340 460 420 490 490 . . . . . . 330 . . . . . . . . . . ..

391 L. O. Meadows, Bowie Co. . . .. 300 520 360 360 390 420 450 450 490 390 . . . . . . . . . . .-

392 L. W. Dirk, Brazoria Co . . . . . . 425 305 500 585 580 640 71 650 780 305 . . . . . . . . . . ..

393 C. E. Carter, Cass Co . . . . . . . . 430 370 420 420 540 480 500 500 500 0 . . . . . . . . . . . .

s94 W. B. Holhngshead. Camp Co. 420 420 520 570 590 560 e40 660 s90 470 . . . . . . . . . . ..

395 J. A. Hirst, Comanche Co. . . . . 560 570 640 610 790 780 680 690 620 610 . . . . . . . . . . ..

396 S. H. Baker, Comanche Co. 200 380 230 320 350 460 450 460 410 350 . . . . . . . . . . ..

397 Fred Ohrt, DeWitt Co . . . . . . ..   740 880 840 900 890 870 . . . . .. 840 . . . . . . . . . 

398 J. B- Mfillard, Fall Co . . . . . . . . 600 590 680 690 640 710 800 860 1000 380 . . . . . . . . . . ..

399 A. S. Van Kirk, Fannin Co. .. 560 630 690 560 700 670 800 820 580 570 . . . . . . . . . . ..

400 W. O. Draper, Freestone Co. .. 460 480 580 590 630 610 640 680 600 500 . . . . . . . . . . . .

401 H. F. Arnecke, Goliad Co. . . . . 170 270 210 230 150 300 320 340 260 320 . . . . . . . . . . ..

402 C. C. Schley, Hopkins Co. . . . . 650 390 780 820 650 650 400 410 550 260 . . . . . . . . . . . .

  Z. ghciénpsson, IICI/[oyékilrlis Clo. 660 1140 1080 1260 1380 1610 1570 1680 2220 . . . . . . 1390 . . . . . ..
eo. . eon, c uoug ~
C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 870 800 800 840 890 900 970 930 950 830 . . . . . . . . . . ..

405 J. J. Cade. Milam Co . . . . . . . . . 340 360 430 390 430 480 430 480 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..

406 R. R. Hall, Rains Co . . . . . . . . . 610 630 660 710 660 660 . . . . . . 620 690 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

407 J. A. Patterson, Runnels Co. . . 290 360 310 350 340 340 310 400 360 32 . . . . . . . . . . ..

408 A. H. Anderson, Travis Co. . . . 700 650 690 720 700 720 670 780 610 690 . . . . . . . . . . . .

409 J. C. Lamtertson, Victoria Co. 1020 . . . . 1620 1370 1610 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1240 . . . . . . 1620

410 A. Ray, Victoria Co . . . . . . . . . . 700 720 600 670 740 740 770 700 1040 480 . . . . . . . . . . ..

411 A. B. Binney, Walker Co. . . . . 410 400 430 400 450 450 440 490 440 380 . . . . . . . . . . ..

412 L. C. Lehman, Washington Co. 530 500 670 520 680 620 600 670 660 520 . . . . . . . . . . ..

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 511 524 609 613 657 641 644 620 707 505 1390 1620

L. O. Meadows, DeKalb, Bowie County. Experiment 391. Four
miles southeast of DeKalb. Moderately good, uniform land. Produces
one-third bale of cotton per acre. In cultivation twelve or fifteen years.
Has been laying out for some time. White, coarse sandy soil, with
quicksand subsoil. Bad drainage. Land broken in January. Barn-
yard manure doubles yield first year but has no effect the second.
Cotton planted May 1O and harvested in September. Fertilizer applied
by hand. Five rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart, and 105
yards long. All plots cultivated alike. All plots injured by dry
weather.

Description of soils Nos. 7619-7620. Depth 0"-6”. Located four
miles southeast of DeKalb, Bowie County, Texas. Bennitt survey.
This is upland soil, rolling, moderately fertile, though‘ not uniform in
fertility. The field sampled is a deep sandy ridge with some mounds
and flats. One bale of cotton and thirty-six bushels of corn are pro-
duced per acre. No fertilizer or manure has been applied and no
green crops have been plowed under. The soil is a yellow and gray
sand which in wet seasons packs and runs together, forming a crust.
On drying, part of the soil crumbles and part clods. It retains moist-
ure and withstands drouth well. Plants do not produce good stalks
and cotton dies in some places. The land has been under cultivation
for fifteen years. The sample represents about two-thirds of the farm
and about one-half of the county. -

No. 7620. Depth 6"-18". The soil is a yellow sand.

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER ExPEEnIENTs, 1908-1917. 47

L. W. Dirlrs, Columbia, Brazoria Courtty. Experiment 392: Eleven
miles north of Columbia. Excellant land, quite uniform. Yields one-
half bale of cotton. First year in cultivation. Previously pasture.

Farm joins the Brazos river. Dark colored silt loam soil with clay to '

olayish loam subsoil. First class drainage. Broke land in November.
No commercial fertilizers have been used. Cotton planted March 28,
harvested from September 6 to October 22. Fertilizer applied by hand
in furrow and covered with cultivator. Four rows, three feet apart
per plot, and 280 feet long. Shallow cultivations at intervals of two
weeks after each rain with a buzzard wing sweep. All plots damaged
by weevils and worms. Plot 9 had best stand. Manure retained moist-
ure. Dry weather produced bad stand.

C. E. (Jarter, flughes Springs, Cass County. Experiment 393.
Three miles east of Daingerfield. Moderately good, nearly uniform
land. Produces 700 pounds seed cotton and twenty bushels corn. In
cultivation eight years. Previously fertilized a few times but responded
readily. Light sandy loam soil, with red clay subsoil occasionally run-
ning into gray sand. Good drainage. Breaks land first of December.
Good results have been obtained from cottonseed meal, acid phosphate
and mixed fertilizer. Cotton planted May 9, harvested from Septem-
ber 3 to November 1. Applied fertilizer with one-horse distributer.
Four rows per plot, four feet apart and 280 feet long. Flat broken
with two-horse “Kelly” plow February 26, six inches deep, cultivated
shallow with sweep. Dry weather and hot winds injured all plots.

Description of soils Nos. 7167-7168. Depth 0"-12”. Located three‘
miles northeast of Daingerfield, Cass County, Texas. Bratten survey.
This is upland, somewhat rolling, and considered of moderate fertility-
It produces 500 to 1,000 pounds of seed cotton per acre, and twenty to
forty bushels of corn per acre. Last year 200 pounds per acre of meal
and phosphate was applied with good results. No manure has been
applied and green crops have been plowed under. The soil is a gray
sand, locally known as the “sandy loam.” The drainage is good. N0
season has ever been so wet as to affect the yield sensibly. Cotton
throws off and corn fires from short drouths. The soil does not pack
badly, it runs together to some extent, clods very little, and dries to
crumbs. Plants produce good stalks. Very little cotton dies. The
land has been cultivated about seven or eight years, and has been clean
for ten years. The sample represents sixteen acres of the farm and
fifty per cent. of the county.

No. 7168. Depth 7”-19”. Subsoil to 7167. This is a pinkish
white soil.

W. B. Hollingshreadv, Pittsbu-rg, Camp County. Experiment 394.
Southeast of Winnsboro. Uniform land, produces 700 pounds seed
cotton. In cultivation thirty or forty years. Previously an orchard.
Almost level land. Light loam soil with yellow sand subsoil, eighteen
inches, then red clay. Good drainage. Land broken in February.
Commercial fertilizer has been used but not in sufficient quantities to

48 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

make a difference noticeable. Cotton planted April 25 and harvested
October 13 and 1.7. Fertilizer applied directly under plants. Four
rows per plot, forty-two inches apart and 234 feet long. Land broken
March 24. Fertilizer applied April 7, cotton planted April 25, thinned
to stand May 23. Weevils and dry Weather damaged all plots at least
twenty-five per cent.

Description of soils Nos. 7169-7170. Depth 0'56". Located twelve
miles southeast of Winsboro, Upshur County, Texas. The land is up-
land, level with small knolls, and moderate in fertility. It produces
400 to 700i pounds of cotton. In 1908 a moderate crop of oats Was
made. One hundred pounds of fertilizer improved the stalks but
caused injury in dry Weather. Manure has been used with good re-
sults. The soil is a gray sand, which Works and produces better in

- wet years. In dry seasons the soil becomes hard and the yield is poor.

It packs and runs together in places, and dries to crumbs. Cotton
stalks are eighteen inches high. The land has been cultivated twenty-
five to thirty years. The sample represents the entire farm, and a
large portion of the county.

No. 7170. Depth 6”-18”. Subsoil to 7169. This soil is a yellow
sand.

J. A. Zfirst, DeLe0n,_C01'rtanche Cozmty. Experiment 395. Two
miles east of Gorman. Moderately good land. Uniform. Produces
twenty bushels corn, one-third bale of cotton. In cultivation seven
years. Previous to ‘this was timber land. Upland, dark sandy loam,
with yellowish subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken in February.
Never usedycommercial fertilizer before. Planted cotton April 19.
Fertilizer applied by hand in deep furrow. Four rows, three and one-
half feet apart, and 128 yards long. Cotton thinned and plowed May
23. Hoed and cultivated June 17, cultivated again June 27 and July
8. Middles run out July 11. All plots suffered from rain and weevils.

Description of soils Nos. 724147242. Depth 0”-7”. Located three
and one-half miles east and three-fourths mile north of Gorman, Co-
manche County, W. M. DeMoss survey. This is upland and a little
rolling. Thirteen acres are just rolling enough to drain well; drains
to east and south. It produces one-third bale of cotton and fifteen to
twenty bushels of corn per acre. No fertilizer except under crop test.
No manure applied until this year. Drains well in wet seasons. When
fresh, does not resist drouth well. Soil is grayish brown sand, packs in
places and runs together, and forms a crust on drying. Plants produce
good stalks. Cotton does not die. Under cultivation seven years.

No. 7242. Subsoil to 7241. Depth 7"-19".» This soil is a yellow
sand.

S. H. Baker, Delleon, Comanche County. Experiment 396. Five miles
east of DeLeon. Good, uniform land. Produces sixty bushels of corn
per acre. Five years in cultivation. First bottom land. Dark loam soil
with clay subsoil. Good drainage. Has never used fertilizer. Cotton
planted May 29. Applied fertilizer by hand. Two rows per plot, three

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 49

and one-half feet apart and 210 yards long. Crops badly injured by boll
weevils. '

Fred O/zirt, Cuero, Delllitt County. Experiment 397. Fourteen
miles south of Cuero. Land good. Spotted. Produces two-thirds bale
of cotton and thirty-five to forty bushels of corn. In cultivation twenty-
four years. First bottom land. Heavy black Waxy land. Fair drain-
age. Breaks land in January. Cotton planted March 27, harvested
August 27. Applied fertilizer by hand. Four rows, three and one-half
feet apart, and 2W) feet long. Plot 1 was retarded by corn growing
beside it.

J. B. Mallard, llOS€bllLl, Idalls County. Experiment 398. Four miles
east of Travis. Land uniform and moderately good. Produces one-
third bale_of cotton and twenty-five bushels of corn. In cultivation
twelve years. Previously was covered with black jack oaks and Spanish
mulberries. Upland, dark sandy loam with red clay subsoil. Excellent
drainage. Land broken December 1. Used cottonseed meal With good
results. Land planted to cotton made 1300 pounds seedcotton. Cotton
planted April 10, harvested October 15. Applied fertilizer by hand.
All plots were plowed three times and hoed twice.

A. S’. Van K/irl", Bonita/In, Fannin County. Experiment 399. One
mile north of Bonham. Poor uniform soil. Produces one-fourth bale
of cotton. In cultivation thirty years. Never very productive. Up-
landgray tight land with some sand and alolue clay subsoil. Planted
cotton April 25. Applied fertilizer in furrow and bedded upon it.
Four rows, three feet and ten inches apart per plot, and 135 yards long.
Land broken March 1., fertilized April 11. Cultivated shallow and
maintained mulch until August 1. All plots were injured by lice and
boll worm.

Description of soils Nos. 7229-7230. Depth 0'58”. Located at Bon- i
ham, Fannin County. This is a grayish brown, poor loam soil, locally i
called “sandy,” upland and rolling. The soil packs, runs together, and
cements xvhen dry, but does not crumble. It has been in cultivation
for thirty years. IIsed a fertilizer in 1909 with a gain of one-third.
Manure, also, when applied to ilfuCfli farming, shows up well. No green
manure has been used. One acre produces 250 pounds seed cotton.

No. 7230. Depth 8”-20”. This is a subsoil to 7229. It is a poor
dark brown, clay loam soil.

W. O. Draper, Sireellmarz, Freestone County. Experiment 400.
Three miles northeast of Kirvin. Moderately good land, reasonably
uniform. Produces ten bushels of corn and one-third bale of cotton.
In cultivation probably forty yrears. Almost level upland. Light sandy
soil with red clay subsoil. Drainage not good. Land broken in De-
cember. Fertilizer used with no profit. Planted cotton May 6, harvested
September 30. Fertilizer applied with distributer. Two rows, 3 feet
apart per plot, and 242 yards long. Land bedded three times and
cotton cultivated four times. Fertilized plots did well until drouth set
in, and they made little afterwards.

50 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Description of soils Nos. 7256-7257. Depth 0”-8”. Located about
three miles northeast of Kirvin, Freestone County. This is upland soil,
slightly rolling, and is considered moderate in fertility. The field is
almost level. The fertility is uniform except in a few little spots.
Last year five bushels of corn per acre were produced. No fertilizer
or manure has been applied. The soil is a light brown sandy loam.
It has not been cultivated in Wet seasons. The owner believes it
would not do well in wet seasons, but could stand ordinary dry seasons
very well. With heavy rains the soil packs and runs together. It
clods on drying. Plants do not produce an extra good stalk. Cotton
does not die. The land has been cultivated about forty years. The
sample represents about twenty-five acres of the farm. No green crops
have ever been plowed under.

No. 7257. Depth 8”-18". Subsoil to 7256. This is a light brown
sandy loam.

Ifeuw-y F. Aruecke, Goliad, Goliad County. Experiment 4101. Nine
miles north of Goliad. Land mixed but moderately good. Produces
twenty bushels of corn per acre. In cultivation four years. Upland,
dark sandy soil with clay subsoil. Good drainage. Cotton planted
April 2-13. Fertilizer distributed in furrow by hand. Four rows,
three feet four inches apart per plot, and 280 feet long. Cultivated
with eight-inch sweeps and afterwards harrowed. All plots damaged
by weevils and drouth and frequent June showers.

Description of soils Nos. 7175-7176. Depth 0"-6". Located ten
miles north of Goliad, Goliad County, Sal Griffin survey. This is
hilly upland of moderate fertility. It is mixed land, sandy, black and
some flat. It produces 500 pounds of seed cotton and twenty bushels of
corn per’ acre. No fertilizer has been applied. About eight two-horse
loads of manure have been applied with good results. The soil is a black
sand which bogs in wet seasons, and will form a crust in dry weather
if not cultivated. Crops do not do well in wet seasons, but give a
fair yield in dry years. The soil packs, runs together, and clods to
some extent. It does not crumble. Plants produce a fair stalk. Cot-
ton dies in places. The land has been cultivated for from one to five
years. The sample represents about fifteen acres.

No. 7176. Depth 6”-18”. Subsoil to 7175. This is a black mot-
tled with yellow and brown sandy clay.

C. C. Schley, Sulphur Springs, H ogflcius“ County. Experiment 402.
Two miles south of Sulphur Springs. Good uniform land. Produces
three-fourths bale of cotton. In cultivation eight years. In peach
orchard previously. Upland, dark sandy loam with sandy clay subsoil.
Good drainage. Breaks land in January. Never used commercial fer-
tilizer. Planted cotton May 15. Applied fertilizer by hand. Five
rows, four feet apart per plot, and 217 feet long. Cultivated four
times and hoed three. All plots were injured by leaf worms. Plot 10
was near the woods. Plot 8 was injured by Bermuda grass growing on
end of plot. Damaged about eight per cent.

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917: 51

G. Z. Thompson, Sulphur Springs, Hopkins Countya Experiment
403. Two miles south of Sulphur Springs. Moderately good land.
Uniform. Produces twenty bushels of corn. In cultivation fifteen
years. Second bottom land. Dark sandy loam with red clay subsoil.
Drainage moderate. Cotton planted April 21. Applied fertilizer by
hand. Four rows, three and one-half feet apart per plot, and 312 feet
long. Cultivated every eight to ten days. Used cultivator six times.

George A. Nelson, Brady, McCulloch (lounty. Experiment 404.
Three miles northeast of Brady. Moderately good spotted land. Pro-
duces twenty-five to thirty bushels of oats. Upland. Dark loam soil
with a kind of “chalk” subsoil. Land broken flat in October. Never
used fertilizer. Planted cotton April 20, harvested August 19 and
October 5. Eertilized by hand. Two rows, three feet apart to the
plot, and 630 feet long.

J. J. Carlo, Cameron, Milam County. Experiment 405. One-half mile
west of Cameron. Moderately good, uniform land. Produces one-fourth
bale of cotton, fifteen bushels of corn. In cultivation fifty years. Upland.
dark, sandy soil, with red clay subsoil. Good drainage. Breaks land in
December. Planted cotton April 28, harvested September 22. Fer-
tilizer drilled in before planting. Two rows per plot, three feet apart,
and 226 yards long. All plots cultivated well. Forty per cent. was
destroyed by rain and wind.

Description of soils Nos. 7120-7121. Depth 0”-12". Located one-
third mile from Cameron, Milam County, Pettibone survey. This is
upland soil, known as “mixed soil,” and is not uniform in fertility.
It produces one-third bale of cotton and fifteen bushels of corn per
acre. The soil is brown and reddish brown sandy clay, which cracks
in dry seasons. Grass grows luxuriously in dry seasons and fairly well
in wet seasons. The soil packs, runs together and clods on drying.
Plants produce a good stalk. Cotton does not die. The land has been
under cultivation for fifty years. The sample represents one-third of
the sixty-acre farm.

No. 7121. Depth 12”-24”. Subsoil to 7120. This is a brown and
black mottled clay.

ll. R. Hall, Emory, Ruins County. Experiment 406. Good, uni-
form land. Produces one-half to three-fourths bale of cotton. Several
years in cultivation. Upland, light sandy soil with clay subsoil and
fairly good drainage. .

J. A. Patterson, Ballinger, Runnels County. Experiment 407.
Seven miles north of Ballinger. I Fairly good, uniform land. Produces
one-third bale of cotton and one-half ton maize. In cultivation five
years. Upland, dark gray soil. Breaks land in December. Never used
fertilizer. Cotton planted May 12 and harvested September 17. Fer-
tilizer applied in deep furrow with walking distributer. Five rows,
three feet apart to each plot, and ninety-eight yards long. Harrowed
twice, cultivated three times, hoed once. Season very dry. Water
collected from roads on plots 7, 8, and 9.

52 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Description of soils Nos. 7355-7356. Depth 0”-6”. Located one and
one-eighth miles south of Hatchet, Runnels County, known as the G. B.
Nixon farm. This is rather level upland, and is considered of good
fertility. The average production is one-fourth bale of cotton and
1000 pounds of milo per acre. No fertilizer or manure has been ap-
plied, and no green crops have been plowed under. The soil is a black
sandy loam. In wet seasons it produces three-fourths bale of cotton
and 2000 or more pounds of milo per acre, but in dry seasons does
not produce much. Plants produce good stalks in wet seasons. Cotton
does not die. The soil runs together, but crumbles on drying. The
land has been under cultivation for seven years. The sample repre-
sents 100 acres of the faim.

No. 7356. Depth 6”-16”. Subsoil to 7355. This is a dark brown
clay loam.

A. H. i4ncierson, Zllanor, Travis County. Experiment 408. Four
miles west of Manor. Good, uniform land, produces 800 pounds seed
cotton and thirty-five bushels corn, In cultivation thirty years, mak-
ing good average crops. Upland, black soil, with clay subsoil, and
gooddrainage. Cotton planted April 12, harvested August 17 and
October 24. Fertilizer applied in opening furrow and bedded on top.
One row per plot, three feet apart, and 480 yards long. Cultivated
five times with four-shovel cultivator and twice with one-horse harroW.

Description of soils Nos. 7145-7146. Depth 0”-12”. Located four
miles West of Manor, Travis County, Lucas Manor survey. This is
upland soil, very level and uniform, and considered of moderate fer-
tility. It produces one-half bale of cotton and thirty bushels of corn
per acre. No fertilizer or manure has been applied, and no green
crops have been plowed under. The soil is a black clay called “black
waxy,” which does not pack, run together, or clod. Plants produce
good stalks. Cotton does not die. The land has been cultivated for
thirty years. No green crops have ever been plowed under. The sam-
ple represents 120 acres of the farm.

No. 7146. Depth 12/524". Subsoil to 7145. This soil is a black
heavy clay.

J. C’. Lanzbertson, Fordiran,_Vict0ria County. Experiment 409.
Thirteen miles east of Thomaston. Moderately good, uniform land,
producing twenty-five to thirty bushels of corn. In cultivation three
years. Previously an old field. Upland, gray sandy soil with red clay
subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken in January. Various brands of
fertilizer used with varying results. Cotton planted April 15 and har-
vested October 10. Applied fertilizer in drill. Four rows, four feet
apart in plots, and 280 feet long. Chopped to twenty-inch stand. Cul-
tivated four times and hoed twice. Storm wasted nearly‘ one-half of
the crop on all plots. _

Description of soils Nos. 7091-7092. Depth 0”-12". Located twelve
miles northeast of Thomaston, Victoria County, Simon Cockell survey.
This is upland soil, a little rolling. It is moderate and uniform in

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 53

fertility. It ‘produces twenty-five to thirty-five bushels of corn per acre.
In 1912 200 pounds of commercial fertilizer was applied, with a slig;ht
increase of crops. One load of manure in 1912 was applied with fair
increase of crops. The soil is gray sand mixed With clay. It is well
drained. The soil packs in a few places, does not run together much,
does not clod, and crumbles on drying. Plants produce a very large
stalk. Cotton does not die. The land has been under cultivation for
three years. No green crops have ever been plowed under. The sam-
ple represents three acres of the farm.

N0. r092. Depth ch12". Subsoil to r091. This is a reddish gray
clay and sand.

A. Ray, T/Yctoria, Victoria Uotmitiu. Experiment 410. Twelve miles
east of Victoria. Good, uniform soil, produces one-half bale of cotton,
thirty to fortyr-fiyre bushels of corn, in cultivation seventeen years, pre-
viously ranch land. Upland, black clay soil with yellow clay subsoil,
and good drainage. Used 10-2-2 fertilizer with marked results.
Planted cotton March 20. Fertilizer applied with fertilizer attach-
ment in furrow, then covered with opener. Four rows two feet ten
inches apart per plot, and 188 yards long. Fertilizer applied and land
rebedded February 20 and cotton planted March 20. Cultivated five
times. Chopped to stand April 2. Dry weather cut off practically
three-fourths of the crop.

A. B. Binney, Hunts/ville, W other (You/nty. Experiment 1111. Eleven
miles south of Huntsville. Poor, uniform soil. Produces one-fourth
bale 0f cotton per acre. In cultivation sixty years. Upland, light
sandy soil with si-indy subsoil. Very good drainage. Fertilizer used

‘ several times with fair results. Planted cotton April 19, harvested

September 15. Applied fertilizer with riding planter. Five rows,
three feet apart per plot and ninetyT-seven yards long. All plots were
flat broken and cultivated shallow. Dry weather damaged all plots.

Description of soils Nos. 7252-7253. Depth 0”-5”. Located ten

miles south of Huntsville, Walker Clountv. This is upland soil, and y

is considered poor. It is uniform in fertility. It produces about one
half bale of cotton per acre. About 300 pounds of cottonseed meal per
acre have been applied with fairly good results. The soil is a white
sand which packs and runs together. Plants do not produce good stalks.
Cotton dies. The sample represents one-third of the farm.

No. 7253. Depth 5"-17". Subsoil to 7252. This soil is a white
sand.

L. (Ii-Lehmrznn, Brerzha/zot, Washington County. Experiment 412.
Five miles west of Brenham. Land moderately good and uniform.
Produces thirty to thirty-five bushels of corn, one-third to one-half bale
of cotton. In cultivation thirty years, previously post oak and prairie
land. Upland, black soil with light subsoil. Fair drainage. Land
broken in December. Used barnyard manure with good results. Cot-
ton planted April 15. Fertilizer applied by hand and mixed into soil
by dragging with a chain. Three rows, three feet apart per plot, and

54 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL ‘EXPERIMENT SWATION.

3'78 feet long. All plots damaged by weevils. All plots harrowed
once, hoed twice, cultivated with a cultivator three times. Rain was
light.

Description of soils Nos. 7339-7340. Depth 0'58". Located five
miles west of Brenham, Washington County, Isaac Jamison survey.
This is level rolling upland, of fair fertility, but not uniform. It pro-
duces one-third bale of cotton and thirty bushels of corn per acre.
Barnyard manure has been used on thin spots With good results. The
soil is a black clay, which runs together after hard rains, and cracks
open in dry seasons. Plants produce a fair stalk. Cotton dies in spots
in some years. The land has been under cultivation for about thirty
years. The sample represents about two-thirds of the farm. U

No. 7340. Depth 8”-15”. Subsoil to 7339. This is a black clay.

DETAILS OF EXPERIMENTS-——COTTON, 1914.

R. P. Copeland, Route f3, Red Rock, Bastrop County. Experiment
413. This is a poor soil, located three miles southeast of Dale. It
was first cultivated twenty-five years ago and was good land then. It
is a hilly, sandy, uniform soil with a red clay subsoil. The cotton was
planted May 9 on plots of four rows each, three feet apart, and 120
yards long. The land was broken January 9, harrowed February 18,
bedded March 11, fertilizer put down April 12, and plowed May 30,
June 6, and June 10. Plot 3 had the best stand. Crop had to be
planted over, therefore the fertilizer was put in the ground some time
before the crop was planted.

Table'32.—-Yield of seed cotton in pounds per acre, 1914. .

 

. . ..:: ..=
_ ea _ T: i?! Ki :3 f3 
s; a g fig es’ g 3?, g 5?, s
2 a 2'83 3'8 38s 23s E
5‘ E %§Q 221133153 _ 0-2,
g é 5 13.2% s. g5: gas s’ gs
q § T, *5 _.§ 9;? g 752' g: ‘SE: c: .=:
E’ ‘l’ i  s  giafisg? 3 i;
‘é é” .5.” s g zéfié‘ s5 25% szé’ 1'2 é’;
g i; i» g g gas gs gas gas g g2
w-i OZ v—< v-a v-l v-l v-r
a ‘*1
413 R. P. Copeland, Bastrop C0 . . . . . . . . 280i 280 350 380 470 430 380 380 290i 330

414 W. H. Deviney, Caldwell Co . . . . . .. 320 370 320 340 400 380 360 410 420 380

415 J. E. Freeman, Camp C0 . . . . . . . . . . . 480 460 740 720 770 810 680 600 680 730

416 I. H. Davidson, Cass C0 . . . . . . . . . . . 360 360 500 600 700 660 720 750 520 400

417 Wm. Manton, Clay C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 280 280 320 180 260 240 220 280 180 2S0

418 J. B. Hobson, Denton C0 . . . . . . . . . . 1440 1450 1410 1400 1230 1610 1450 1470 1290 1220

419 W. M Tate, Denton C0 . . . . . . . . . . . 680 850 730 800 820 840 840 920 920 1000 '

420 Jno H Smith, Erath C0 . . . . . . . . . . . 340 350 440 350 430 460 428 430 400 480

421 J. B Winters Erath Q0 . . . . . . . . . . . 1190 1200 1350 1300 1450 1450 1510 1550 1500 1600

422 Rodger Davis, Franklin C0 . . . . . . . . . 230 160 320 330 400 370 410 410 . . . . . . 300
423 Jim Payne, Franklin Co... . . . .. . 190 250 240 . 290 290 320 370 370 410 430
424 J. V. Finley, Grayson C0 . . . . . . . . . . . 210 . . . . . . 330 230 250 . . . . . . 210 350 480 540
425 F. M. McGlothlin, Grayson Co. . . . . 460 265 395 375 380 320 350 380 560 465
426 James F. Dorris, Gregg C0 . . . . . . . . . 560 590 660 830 720 870 820 880 650 690
427 Dennie Walsh, Harris Co . . . . . . . . . 1650 1250 1610 1490 1350 1480 1290 1440 1400 1490
428 Allen Bell, Henderson C0 . . . . . . . . . . 730 1040 690 970 1030 1050 1110 1330 1350 1010
429 F. M. Goodell, Henderson C0 . . . . . . 540 500 690 550 630 570 630 670 510 710
430 L. B. Mason, Henderson Co. . . . . . 620 590 720 720 650 820 710 ' 780 940 880
431 M. A. Groom, Hood County. . . . . . 320 500 540 550 510 550 600 600 . . . . . . . . . . . .

432 J. M. Hendrix, Hood Co . . . . . . . . . . . 590 610‘ ’ 710 680 690 700 700 680 . . . . . . . . . . . .

433 D. E. Thomas, Houston Co . . . . . . . . 270 260 350 410 460 430 450 470 410 510

434 W. D. Phillips, Jasper C0 . . . . . . . . . . 610 600 720 580 570 750 840 810 1120 1190

435 A. W. West, Jasper C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 360 300 390 420 460 430 480 460 560i 790

   

 
  

 

 

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 55
Table 32~Yield of seed cotton in pounds per acre, 1914~Continued.

r; T; gs erg e

s; T; s; E15 s"? rs s ‘g g é’ g 5

2 s 12s» 5s gssisse 5

o. '0 r n. <n- o <=> f» o .2 v o

m ° :”"°° ":2 ififirefi-“i - 16-“

=' 5 é ‘$5.53 82 5221282 3 5%

Z Q‘ o i335 Q35‘ E"; c.4133. E g5’
>_ o o TE 3 11E’ o7‘: g e> o o’; 8 v a w a i»

‘* I 1| 3 8 ‘Sea? -'="Et'=a°3f5'es’f 5 '

3 m: en . . ..o I12 Q§ .5 eei .3 tn ID "g§

2 .5 .5 8 s ire s 2 £585 s °c>

O i! 5 "‘ "‘ i" S o '-‘ g ’“ g o "" o o 0 T, u:

g *5’ *5‘ o o ior-tu; om ONQFONK) ‘g qI-f
.5 z z- 2 a i2 2 a |2 i _. o 1

1 l l

486 R. L. Newsom, Johnson Co . . . . . . .. 800i .... .. 700 690 980 980 970 1070 650 790
487 H. A. McDaniel, Leon Co ........ . . 800i 810 850 820 870 400 890 450 880 850
488 J. P. Webb, Lnbboel; Co ......... .. 1500i 1520 1720 1750 1910 1820 1870i 70 1780 1880
489 Thos. Walker, MOITIB Co ......... .. 600i 800 700 1000 1250 1650 1650i 1700 2550 2650
440 Joseph Watson, Nueces Co ........ ., 70 i 450 910 660 770 650 620i 580 660 550
441 G. A. Bradley, Parker Co. ..... .. 1020i 870 990i 1000 910 880 830i 890i 810 800
442 R. R. Hall, Rains Co . . . . . . . . . . 1270i 700 1450 1290 1290 1090 790 850i 700 740
448 J. R. Nalley, Robertson Co . . . 330! 810 860 880 890 870 400i 410 610 580
444 L. B. James, Runnels Co.. ... 2280i 2450 2450 2240 2600 2690 2700i 2800i 2550 2560
445 0. J. Berry, Rusk Co . . . . . . . . . . .. 580i 580 66o 820i 0 880 920 i 890 770
446 M. Law, Rusk Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 800i 850 650 900 780 1000 1050 1100i 1090 1200
447 E. J. McGowan, Sabine Co ....... . . 410 500 505 515 570 580 640 640 610 600
448 J. L. McAda-ms, San Jacinto Co. . . . .... .. 580 920 740i 890 750 720 710 650 780
449 J. s. Hale, Smith co ............ .. 810 680 950 870i 1090 900 940i 950 780 880
450 J. W. Malone, smith Co. . .. .. . 750i 900 750 750i 750 800 800i 800 950 950
451 A. R. Ivey, Titus Co . . . . . .. . 220i 170 290 200i 210 210 260 290 820 280
452 Ben Berke, Jr., Trinity Co. . .. ... 1740i 2150 2220 2210; 2480 2410 2400i 2640 2840 2410
458 R. N. W. Smith, Upshur Co ...... .. 1000 .... .. 1060 1040i 1040 1000 1080i 1000 . . . . . . . . . . ..
454 J. M. Anders, Van Zandt Co ..... . . 700 870 1870. 1000 1080 1140 1210 1400 900 122
455 W. J. Gardner, Van Zandt Co .... .. 520 470 780i 660 780 840 840 980 710 770
456 W. McDermitt, Washington Co. . .. . 260 290 885i 275i 290 240 400 480 250 280
457 W. H. Wedemeyer, Washington 06.. 680i 600 750i 840i 970 880 950i 980 810 780
458 F. M. McCollum, Grayson Co . . . . . . 500i . . . . . . 2050i 400i 1750 2000 . . . . . . i . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average .................. . . 669' 677 798 770 812' 854 848' 8851 858 846

W. H. Deeiney, Route 5, Lockhrart, Caldwell County. Experiment

414. This plot is located six miles east of Lockhart on poor, spotted, i

well drained, upland, dark sand and red clay soil. No fertilizer has
ever been used on this land, but it produces about 150 to 200 pounds
of cotton per acre. The plots are five rows each, three feet apart, and
ninety-seven yards long. The land was broken up, bedded, and fer-
tilizer applied with a corn planter ten days before the cotton was
planted, April 15. Plots 7, 8, 9, and 10 had to be replanted May 3
on account of heavy rains. Too much rain made the experiment un-
satisfactory.

J. E. Freeman, Pittsburg, Camp Cou-nty. Experiment 415. This
plot is located two miles east of Pittsburg on well drained, good, uni-
form, upland, light sandy soil with yellow clay subsoil. The land has
been under cultivation twenty or thirty years, has had several kinds of
fertilizers applied, and yields about twenty-five bushels of corn or one-
half bale of cotton without fertilizer. Cottonseed meal and acid phos-
phate have given better results than other fertilizers. The plots are
four rows each, four feet apart, and 280 feet long. All plots were
damaged alilge by leaf worm and wet weather.

I. H. Davidson, .41‘lanta, Cass Uovmty. Experiment 416. This plot
is located four miles west of Atlanta on well drained, uniform, mod-
erately fertile, upland, yellow sandy soil with clay subsoil. The land
has been under cultivation about thirty years; has had fertilizer ap-

56 Texas AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

plied with good results, and produces about 500 pounds of cotton or
eight bushels of corn per acre. Plots are of three rows each, three
and one-half feet apart, and 150 yards long. Cotton was planted May
15 and harvested before November 1.
by dry weather immediately after planting.

William J. Manton, Route 2, Bellev/ue, Clay County. Experiment
4:17.
on well drained, level upland, uniform, moderately fertile, dark sandy
soil with red clay subsoil. Land has been under cultivation about

twenty-five years, has never had any commercial fertilizer applied to it. 4

It produces about tWQIItY-‘HVG bushels of corn or one-fifth bale of cotton
per acre.
one-third feet apart, and 132 feet long.

Plot is located three and one-half miles southeast of Bellevue‘

All plots were damaged alike 

r M... M...» a ....»., m“

The cotton was planted on plots of ten rows each, three and .
The cotton was not planted ,

until about four weeks after the fertilizer was applied on account off
heavy rains in the spring. The heavy rains in spring and dry weather 
later in summer made conditions unfavorable for fertilizer to give the l

best results.

Description of soils Nos. 9380-9381. Depth 0'44" or 11". Located
four miles southeast of Bellevue, Clay County. The soil is moderately
fertile. It is locally called “part sandy.” It behaves Well in wet
seasons; badly in dry seasons. It has been under cultivation for twenty-
seven years and no fertilizer or manure has been applied. Soil does not
pack or crumble, but runs together and clods on drying. Plants pro-
duce good stalks. Cotton does not die. The sample represents twenty
acres of the farm.

No. 9381. Depth 4”-16” or 20”; or 11”-23” or 2'7”.
subsoil to 9380.

J. B. Hob-son, Route £2, Denton, Denton County. Experiment 418.
The plot is located three miles south of Denton on fairly well drained,
uniform, fertile, level, upland, heavy, sandy soil.
under cultivation for about seven years. Fertilizer has given good
results on adjoining lands. It produces about thirty-five bushels of
corn per acre or one and one-half tons of millet. The cotton was
planted on plots of three rows each, three and one-half feet apart. and
305 feet long. The land was well prepared and the cotton was planted
May 19 and well cultivated. Plot 10 was damaged by being bv a
public road. Plots 5, 6, and f7 made slightly larger plants than others.

W. M. Tate, Route 52, Denton, Denton County. Experiment 419.
Located three miles southwest of Denton on well drained, upland, fer-
tile, uniform, dark loamy soil with light clay subsoil. The land has
been under cultivation for about thirty years. Land yields one-third
bale of cotton or twenty bushels of corn per acre without fertilizer.
Plots were of two rows each, three and one-third feet apart, and 218
yards long. All plots were affected alike. The land is level and the
high yield of plot 8 as compared with plot 2 is unaccounted for.

This is a '

The land has been '_

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 57

John H. Smith, Dublin, Erath County. Experiment 420. The plot
is located two and one-half miles south of Dublin on fairly well drained,
upland, uniform, moderately fertile, dark sandy soil with red subsoil.
It has been under cultivation fifteen years, being planted thirteen years
in cotton and two years in corn. No fertilizers have ever been tried,
but it produces one-third bale of cotton or twenty bushels of corn
per acre. The plots are of four rows each, three and one-half feet
apart, and 320 feet long. The fertilizer was applied in open furrows
April 20, but on account of rains the cotton was not planted until the
5th of June. All plots were damaged alike by rains and weevils. Other
cotton planted earlier in the season did better.

J. B. Winters, Route  Ftenlzieni-itle, Eroth County. Experiment
421. The plot  located one-half mile southeast of Stephenville on
well drained, fertile, uniform, level, upland, dark sandy soil with red
clay subsoil. It has been under cultivation fifteen years and produces
one-half bale of cotton per acre. The cotton was planted May 12 on
plots of four rows each, three and one-fourth feet apart, and 280 feet
long. The fertilizer was applied nearly a month before the cotton
was planted and may have been partly washed away by the heavy rains.
All plots were damaged about equally by rains and weevils.

Rodger Darvis, Route 2, Mount Vernon, Franklin County. Experi-
ment 422. The plot is located five miles south of Mount Vernon on
well drained, uniform, fertile, level upland, dark loamy soil with clay
subsoil. Fertilizers have been used with good results. The land has
been under cultivation fifteen years and produces thirty bushels of
corn per acre or one-half bale of cotton. Plots are of three rows each,
three and one-half feet apart, and seventy yards long. All plots were
damaged by Wet and dry weather. The large difference in the yield
of plots 1 and 8 cannot be accounted for.

Description of soils Nos. 9183-9184. Depth 0”-12”. Located five
miles south of Mount Vernon, Franklin County. This is a yellow
sandy clay of moderate and uniform fertility. The situation is up-
land, slightly rolling, in timbered region. In wet seasons soil pul-
verizes well and makes very good yield, as well as in dry seasons. The
soil does not pack together or clod, but crumbles on drying. It has
been cultivated for fourteen yjears. Usually 200 pounds fertilizer to
the acre has been used with good effect; however, 200 pounds to one-
half acre were used this year. Manure also gave good results. The
plants produce a medium stalk and cotton does not die. The sample
represents 100 acres of the field and fifty per cent of the county. One
acre produces one-fourth to three-fourths bale cotton.

No. 918/1. Depth 12”-24”. This is a subsoil to 9183. It is a yel-
low clay.

Jim Payne, flogansport, Franklin County. Experiment 1123. The
plot is located twelve miles north of Mount Vernon on well drained,
poor, uniform, upland prairie, dark gray sandy soil with clay subsoil.
It has been under cultivation three years, but has never had an ap-

~58 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

plication of fertilizer. It yields tentbushels of corn or 500 pounds seed
cotton per acre. The plots are twenty rows each, three feet apart, and
200 yards long. All plots had equal chances.

J. V. Findley, Gorclonswzille, Grayson County. Experiment 4:242. The
plot is located at Gordonsville on Well drained, valley, uniform, sandy
soil with yellow clay subsoil. The land has been under cultivation
eighteen years, has never had an application of fertilizer, and yields
about one-fourth bale of cotton per acre. All plots were damaged by
dry weather.

F. M. M cGlothili-n, Route 1, Dentson, Grayson County. Experiment
425. Plot is located five miles east of Denison on well drained, uni-
form, moderately fertile, upland, deep sandy soil with yellow clay sub-
.soil. Land has probably been under cultivation twenty years. It has
had barnyard manure applied on it with good results, and produces
from one-third to one-half bale_ of cotton per acre. The plots are
four rows each, three feet apart, and 121 yards long. The cotton was
planted May 6 and was cultivated five times with a plow and two
times with a hoe. Plot 9 matured all bolls while others, especially
‘plot 10, had a number of green bolls that never matured. Those plots
having large amounts of nitrogen applied were damaged most by wet

weather.

James F. Dorris, Route 3, Ktlgore, Gregg County. Experiment 4.26.
Plot is located four miles north of Overton on well drained rolling
upland, poor, uniform, light red sandy soil with dark red subsoil. The
land has been under cultivation for fifty years, has never had fertilizer
applied to it, and produces fifteen bushels of corn or 500 pounds of
seed cotton per acre. The cotton was planted May 4 on plots of six
rows each, three feet apart, and eighty yards long. All plots had an
equal chance. The total produce on the acre was 727 pounds, while
the same plot had been producing 500 pounds before fertilizer was used.

Derlnis Walsh, A cldtclcs, H arris County. Experiment 427. The plot
is located eighteen miles west of Houston on well drained, moderately
fertile, spotted, second bottom, sandy loam, with red clay subsoil. The
land has been under cultivation twenty-five years. It was formerly
timbered with post oaks. No fertilizers have been applied. It pro-
duces one-half balc of cotton per acre. Cotton was planted April 17
on plots of three rows each, three and one-half feet apart. All were
under the same conditions, but plots 3 and 8 turned yellow for some
cause.

Allan Bell, Route 5’, Athens, Henderson County. Experiment 428.
The plots are located five miles north of Athens on moderately fertile,
uniform, sandy soil with clay subsoil. The land -has been under culti-
vation for ten years; has never had an application of fertilizer, and
produces one-half bale of cotton or twenty bushels of corn per acre.
Plots were of five rows each, and three and one-half feet apart. The
fertilizer was applied about one month before the cotton was planted.

COOPERATIVE FERYMLIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 59

Plots had the same treatment except plots 1, 2, and 3, which were
not Worked. out until late. The rainfall was too great for a satis-
factory test of the fertilizers.

Description of soils Nos. 9271-9272. Depth 0”-6”. Located five
miles from Athens, Henderson County. The fertility is moderate and
not quite uniform. The situation is upland. It is locally called “sand.”
The soil packs, runs together, crumbles, and clods on drying. Its
nature is principally Wet. It has been cultivated from one to two
years, but this is the first crop. Plants do not produce good stalks.

No. 92-72. Depth 6”-18". This is a subsoil to 9271.

F. M. Goodell, Route 1, Eustace, [Zenclersou County. Experiment
429. The cotton Was planted April 10 on plots of tWo rows each,
three and three-fourths feet apart, and 180 yards long. ‘All plots
suffered from unfavorable weather conditions. Plots 1 and 8 suffered
most from wet Weather, but grew longer after the drouth began, while
plots 3 and 9 suffered most from drouth.

Description of soils Nos. 9179-9180. Depth 0"-6". Located one
mile south of Eustace, Henderson County, Section 69, J. M. Beltram
survey. This is a brown fertile soil With a gradual slope north. The
drainage is good, but the soil washes. It is locally known as “tight
sand.” The field has a clay swag running east and west. The soil
holds moisture Well in dry seasons if Well mulched. It packs and
crumbles on drying. It has been cultivated eight years, and manure
when added gave good results. Twenty pounds acid phosphate in
1912 and 1913 gave good results also. Some peas have been plowed
under, but mostly dry material has been plowed under. The plants
produce good stalks, and cotton does not die. The sample represents
three-fourths of the field and about one-half of the county. One acre
produces thirty-six bushels corn.

No. 9180. Depth 6"-18”. This is a subsoil to 9179. It is a yel-
loWish red clay.

L. R. Mason, LoR-ite, Zfemlerson Coun-tyj Experiment 430. Plots
are located one and one-half miles southwest of LaRue on well drained,
uniform, moderately fertile, upland, light sandy soil with reddish
brown subsoil. This land has been under cultivation for about twenty-
five years and is steadily declining in yields except for the use of barn-
yard manure, which has given good results. The plots are of four
rows each, four feet apart, and 280 feet long. Excessive rainfall at

'planting time caused a three Weeks’ delay in planting crop, and a
seventy-day drouth caused a serious damage to the yields of the crops.

M. A. Groom, Route 3, Granburjy, Hood County. Experiment 431.
Plot is located six miles southwest of Granbury on well drained, uni-

- form, moderately fertile, upland, light sandy loam soil with red clay
subsoil. This land has been under cultivation for twelve years, has
never had an application of commercial. fertilizer, and produces one-
third bale of cotton per acre. The cotton was planted June 12 on

 plots of four rows each, three and one-half feet apart, and 280 feet

60 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

long. All plots were damaged by insects, but plots 4, 5, 6, and '2'

seemed to suffer ‘most. Plot 1. Was damaged slightly by an adjoining
Watermelon patch.

J. M. IIeu/Zrix, Route 1, Lipau, Hood County. Experiment 432.

Plot is situated nine miles south of Santo on Well drained, good, mixed~

bottom, dark colored soil with light red subsoil. It has been under
cultivation for nine years and produces one-sixth to one bale of cotton
or from none to fifty bushels of corn per acre. The land is subject to
overflow. No fertilizer has ever been applied to this land before. The
cotton xvas planted April 10 on plots of one row each, three feet apart,
and 420 yards long. Plot 2 had no fertilizer applied to it, and plot 1
Was damaged by rabbits.

D. E. Thonzrts, Route 2, Ken/nerd, Houston Coimty. Experiment 433.
Plots were of two rows each, four feet apart, and ninety-two yards long,
located ten miles south of Ratcliff on well drained, uniform, moderately
fertile, upland, light yellow loamy soil With rocky subsoil. The land
has been under cultivation eight years, and has had acid phosphate and
cottonseed meal applied to it with good results. It yields one-half bale
of cotton per acre. All plots were Worked alike and suffered or Were
profited by the same natural conditions.

W. D. Phillips, Bessmay, Jasper County. Experiment 434. The
plots Were of four rows each, three and one-half feet apart, and ninety-
two yards long, located one and one-half miles northwest of Bessmay,
on fairly Well drained, level upland, moderately fertile, slightly spotted,
sandy soil with clay subsoil. The land has been under cultivation about
seventy’ years; has given good results from complete commercial fer-
tilizer, and produces forty bushels of corn or one-half bale of cotton
per acre. The fertilizer was applied about one week before the cotton
was planted May 12. All plots suffered from too much rain, but
plots 1, 2, 3, and 4 did not have so good a chance as the others on
account of poor stand.

Description of soils Nos. 9376-9379. Depth O”-7”. Located one and
one-half miles West of Bessmav. Jasper county. The fertility is mod-
erate and the situation is upland. In wet seasons the soil runs together
and the crop yield is very good. In dry seasons the soil is loose and
gives a moderate yield. It packs, runs together, and crumbles on
drying. It has been under cultivation for about seventy years. No
green crops have been plowed under. Plants produce fairly good stalks.
Cotton dies in spots. One acre produces one-third bale cotton or seven-
teen bushels corn. The sample represents about twenty acres of farm.

No. 9377. Depth 7”-15". This is a subsoil to 9376.

A. W. West, Kirby-ville, Jasper Uoemvty. Experiment 435. Plots
were of three rows each, four and one-third feet apart, and 118 yards
long, located three miles north of Kirbyville on well drained, uniform,
poor, upland, sandy loam soil/with light red subsoil. The land has
been under cultivation ten years, and has shown little increase in yields

 
  
    
 
   
   
   
   
    
   
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
   
 
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
   

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 61

0m application of complete commercial fertilizers, and averages about
Fl pounds of seed cotton per acre. All plots were damaged fifty per
nt. by boll weevils.

eyDescription of soil No. 9165. Depth O”-’7". Located three miles
_rth of Kirbyville, Jasper County, Section 60. This is a gray upland

have Well in very Wet or dry seasons. It runs together but does not
ck or crumble on drying. The sample represents twenty acres of
V ye farm and several thousands of the county. It has been in culti-
ytion eleven years. Plants produce good stalks, but cotton dies. One
Jire prodticestwelve barrels of corn or 600 pounds seed cotton.

'N0. 9166. Depth 7”-18". This is a subsoil to 9165. It has a yel-
w color.

, R. L. lllewson, Route 1, Cleburne, Johnson Cow/mfg. Experiment 436.
ais experiment was run on plots of three rows each, three feet apart,
d 160 yards long, located three miles east of Rio Vista on well
iained, uniform, poor, upland, light sandy soil with red clay subsoil.
f: l.and has been under cultivation about forty years. Applications of
ttonseed meal and acid phosphate have given good results, and it
dually produces about one-third bale of cotton per acre. All plots
' ered alike from leaf worm, wet spring and dry summer.

1H. A. ZlIcDanieZ, Route 2, Zllarguez, Leo-n. Coztnty. Experiment 437.
7s experiment  run on plots of five rows each, three and one-third
 apart and 224 feet long. The land is fairly well drained, uniform,
r, upland, light sandy soil with yellow and red sandy subsoil. The
j] has been under cultivation for twenty years, and has formerly
i; only slight increase of yield from use of fertilizers. It produces
 pounds 0f cotton per acre during favorable weather. The cotton
s planted April 20 and was all damaged by wet weather. Plots 1,
‘and 3 did not have quite so good a stand as the others.

J. B. llfizbb, Route 1, Lubbock, Lubbock County. Experiment 438.
yfs experiment was run on plots of three rows each, three feet apart,
d 480 feet long, located six miles northeast of Lubbock on well
fined, good, uniform, upland, dark red soil with red clay subsoil.
e land has been under cultivation for five years, but has never had
application of fertilizer before. Cotton all received the same treat-
nt and showed marked improvement from the use of the fertilizer
If experiment. '

Description of soil No. 9297. Depth O”-8". Located eight miles
.. of Lubbock, Lubbock County. The fertility is good and uniform.
 is locally called “sandy loam.” It has an upland and rolling sit-
tion. There are no wet seasons. It stands drouth remarkably well.
j does not pack or run together, but crumbles on drying. It has been
cultivation for six years. No fertilizer or manure has been applied,
fr have any green crops been turned under. Plants produce a good
1k. Cotton does not die. Sample is representative of 160 acres of
One acre produces one-half bale cotton.

nd of moderate fertility. It does not overflow. The soil does not'

62 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

  
   
    
   
   
  
  
 
  
     
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 

Thomas l/Valker, Naples, Zllorrts County. Experiment 439. This
experiment was carried out on plots of two rows each, four feet apart,
and sixty-five yards long. The land is Well drained, moderately fertile,
uniform, upland, red sandy soil with some gravel in parts and a red
cla.y subsoil. It has been under cultivation for twenty years. It has‘
had complete fertilizer applied, and produces ‘one-half bale of cotton
per acre. All plots had one load of manure applied besides the fGI-f
tilizer prescribed. All plots responded readily from the fertilizer ex-i‘
cept No. 2, but plots 9 and 10 did better than others. All were dam-
aged by Worms. - 

Joseph Watson, Brighton, Nueces County. Experiment 440. This}
experiment was performed on plots of four rows each, three feet apart,
and 120 yards long, located fourteen miles south of Corpus Christi,
on Well drained moderately fertile, uniform, upland, sandy soil with
areddish clay subsoil. The land has been under cultivation six years
and has responded fairly well when complete fertilizers were applied.‘_
It yields from one-half t0 three-fourths bale of cotton per acre. Nitrate"
of soda has always given negative results when applied to general crops?
on this land. The season uras good, except it was hard to secure a,
good stand. Plots 9 and 10 were planted over and suffered more from
weevils. i

Description of soils Nos. 9279-9280. Depth 0"-12”. Located four-i
teen miles south of Corpus Christi, Nueces County, Section 40, Flour-p
Bluff survey. The fertility is moderate and uniform. It is called
“Nueces fine white sand.” Excessive rains retard growth, but it stands
drouth well. It does not pack, run together, or clod, but crumbles on
drying. One acre has been cultivated seven years with a fair to good
yield. No fertilizer or manure has been applied; nor have any gree
crops been plowed under. Plants produce fair stalks. Cotton does no
die. The sample represents thirty acres of the farm and 10,000 acre

of the county.
No. 9280. Depth 12"-24". This is a subsoil t0 9279.

G. A. Bradley, Route 1, Weatherford, Parker County. Experimen
441. This experiment was carried out on plots of two rows each, fou,
feet apart, located eight and one-half miles east of Weatherford o
well drained, moderately fertile, uniform, upland, dark sandy soil wi ‘__
red clay subsoil. The land has been under cultivation twelve yea ~
It has never had an application of fertilizer, and yieldsabout one-thir
bale of cotton per acre. All plots were damaged by weevils, and plot p,
suffered most from heavy rains, as it was formerly an old “back furrow ’

R. R. Hall, Emory, Rains County. Experiment 442. This experime,
was carried out on plots of four rows each, three and one-half feet ape 
and 210 feet long. It is located two and one-half miles from Emory of
well drained, moderately fertile, spotted, upland, light sandy soil wi’
whitish clay subsoil. The land has been under cultivation for fourt
years, and produces about twenty bushels of corn per acre, but respon

, very poorly to the use of fertilizers. Plots 6, '7, 8, 9, and 10 produc

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 63

two cuttings of sorghum the year before, while the other had a large
crop of grass plowed under, hence the great difference in yields.

J. R. ]ValZy/, Franvkltn, Iiobertson County. Experiment 443. This ex-
periment was performed on plots of one row each, four feet apart, and’
280 yards long, located one and one-half miles south of Franklin on
Well drained, upland, moderately fertile, uniform, light sandy soil with
clay subsoil. The land has been under cultivation for five years and
produces one-half bale of cotton per acre. It has‘ never had an ap-
plication of fertilizer. All plots were damaged alike by unfavorable
weather conditions in the spring.

Description of soil No. 9040. Depth 0”-10”. Located one and one- A

half miles south of Franklin, Robertson County. It is a dark sandy
soil, locally known as “sandy loam.” The situation is upland.

No. 9041. Depth 10”-18”. This is a subsoil to 9040. It is a red
sand.

L. B. James, Ballinger, Runnels County. Experiment 444. This
experiment was performed on plots of four rows each, four feet apart,
and 140 feet long. It is located six miles west of Ballinger on well
drained, bottom land with no overflows. It is moderately fertile, uni-
form, red valley silt soil with subsoil of the same material. The land
has been under cultivation from thirteen to fifteen years. It gave
poor results when potash was applied years ago, but produces forty
bushels of corn or one bale of cotton per acre. All plots were dam-
aged alike by heavy rains in August. The adjoining land was also
fertilized. Two hundred pounds of acid phosphate were applied on
one acre and produced 3000 pounds of cotton. Two hundred pounds
of acid phosphate were applied on the second acre, together with seven
loads of lot manure, and it produced 3200 pounds of cotton.

O.  Berry, Route 1, Ifenderson, R/zzsk County. Experiment 445..
This experiment was performed on plots of four rows each, four feeti

apart, and 280 feet long, located three miles west of Henderson on»

well drained, upland, uniform, moderately fertile, Norfolk fine sand?
with yellow sandy subsoil. Land has been cultivated about twelve years

A and has given poor results from fertilizers. It produces about ten

bushels of corn per acre. Plots '7, 8, 9, and 10 were damaged by a
washout.

Description of soil No. 9285. Depth 0”-12". Located three miles-
southwest of Henderson, Rusk County, Section 2, Henderson survey.
This is a light gray sand of moderate and uniform fertility, called
“Norfolk fine sand.” It has an upland and rolling situation and is
well drained. In wet seasons the soil washes to some extent, though
not badly; in dry seasons it is blown by the wind. It does not pack,
nor run together, crumble or clod on drying. It has been cultivated
about fourteen years. Fertilizer was applied two years. The first year
150 pounds per acre showed no effect, none was applied the second year,
and the third year 200 pounds per acre gave moderately good results.
No manure has been applied. A green crop when plowed under in

64 TExAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

1913 had good effect on the yield. Plants have moderately good stalks.
Cotton does not die. The sample represents the whole farm and nearly
thirty-five per cent. of the county. One acre produces 500 to 800 pounds
seed cotton or ten bushels corn.

No. 9286. Depth 12”-24". This is a subsoil to 9285. It is a yel-
low sand.

M. Law, Route 1, Henderson, Rush" County. Experiment 446. Ex-
periment was performed on plots of four rows each, four feet apart, and
280 feet long, located three miles West of Henderson, on Well drained,
upland, moderately fertile, uniform, dark sandy land with clay subsoil.
The land has been under cultivation three years, but no fertilizer has
been applied. Plot 2 suffered most from drouth in June and July.
All plots Were damaged by leaf Worms.

E. J. McGown, Route J, Zllilant, Sabine County. Experiment 447.
The plots Were of two rows each, four feet apart, and 575 feet long.
All. plots Were damaged by drouth; besides, all the plots had to be
planted over.

J. L. M cAdams, Oakhurst, San Jaointo County. Experiment 448.
The experiment Was performed on plots of three rows each, three and
one-half feet apart, and 110 yards long, located three miles southeast
of Oakhurst, on fairly Well drained upland, moderately fertile, uniform,
loamy soil With clay subsoil. The land has been under cultivation four
years and had a little fertilizer applied once, Which gave good results.
It usually produces from one-half to three-fourths bale of cotton per
acre. Plot 1 was destroyed by spring rains; plots 6 and '7 suffered most
from drouth in July; plots 3 and 9 made large stalks, but did not fruit
in proportion, While plot 4 opened earlier than the others.

J. S. Hale, Rouite 1, Troup, Smith County. Experiment 449. Ex-
periment Was run on plots of five rows each, three feet apart, and 290
feet long, located one and one-half miles north of Troup on well drained,
upland, moderately fertile, uniform dark loamy soil With red clay sub—
soil. On this land cottonseed meal and acid phosphate have always
given good results. The land has been under cultivation about four-
teen years, and produces about one-half bale of cotton per acre. All
plots were cultivated alike and all suffered from leaf worms.

J. W. Malone, Route 1, Troup, S1nith~ County. Experiment 450.
The experiment Was run on plots of four rows each, four feet apart,
and 280 feet long, located one and one-half miles north of Troup on
well drained, upland, moderately fertile, uniform, light sandy soil with
dark red subsoil. Fertilizer has been used before on this land. The
land has been under cultivation eight years and produces 750 pounds
of seed cotton per acre. Plot 1O was on the highest part of the land
and there was a gradual slope to plot 1. The spring was very wet. This
may partially account for the larger yields on plots on the high land.

Description of soil No. 9283. Depth 0”-12”. Located one mile north
of Troup, Smith County, abstract 186, N. Miller survey. The fertility

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER‘ EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 65

is good and uniform. 'l"he situation is upland. It behaves well in
Wet seasons, and stands drouth only fairly Well. It does not pack, run
together, or clod on drying, but it crumbles on drying. It has been
in cultivation for fifteen years. 'l‘wo hundred pounds commercial fer-
til.izer were applied for three years previous to 1914 With good results.
No manure has been applied, nor have any green crops been plowed
under. The plants produce fairly good stalks, and cotton does not die.
One acre produces one-half bale cotton or from thirty to thirty-five
bushels corn. The sample represents fifty acres of the farm and one-
half ' of the county.
No. 9284. Depth 12”-21l-”. This is a subsoil to 9283.

A. R. Iuey, Route 1, lVinfield, Titus County. Experiment 451. The
experiment was performed on plots of six rows each, three and one-half
feet apart, and fifty yards long, located eight miles northwest of Win-
field, on fairly Well drained upland, moderately fertile, uniform, gray
sandy loam surface soil with yellowish red subsoil. The land has been
under cultivation for about fifteen years and produces from one-fourth
to one-half bale of cotton per acre. All plots were greatly damaged
by leaf worms.

Ben Burke, J12, Centralia, flfrinity County. Experiment 452. The
experiment was performed in plots of four rows each, four feet apart,
and eighty-three yards long, located three and one-half miles northeast
of Centralia, on well drained, fertile, uniform, first bottom, light sandy
soil with black sticky subsoil. The land has been under cultivation
for sixteen years and has never had an application of fertilizer before.
It produces forty-two bushels of corn or one bale of cotton per acre.
The lot manure was 11ot applied to plot 9 as directed. All plots re-
ceived the same cultivation.

A. N. W. Smith, Big Sandy, Upshur County. Experiment 453.
This experiment was performed on plots of two rows each, three and
one-half feet apart, and 210 feet long, located. two and one-half miles
west of Big Sandy, on well drained, hilly, upland, fertile, uniform,
gray sandy soil with clay subsoil. The land has been under cultivation
one year and has given good results from fertilizers. The yields from
plots 8, 9, and 10 were not reported, due to error of pickers. The other
plots yielded approximately the same amount of cotton, though this
may have been due to the fact that they were subjected to heavy wash-
ing rains in the spring, and long drouth in summer.

J. M. Anders, Route 1,, Wills Point, Van Z andt County. Experiment
454. This experiment was carried out on plots of seven rows each,
three and one-half feet apart and eighty-two yards long, located nine
miles southeast of Wills Point, on fairly well drained, upland, poor,
uniform, light sandy soil with red clay subsoil. The land has been
cultivated twenty years and produces 200 pounds of lint cotton per
acre. Heavy rains in spring caused a very poor stand, while drouth
hurt all plots in summer. The fertilizers made a marked increase of
yield over unfertilized plots.

66 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Description of soil No. 9171. Depth 0”-12”. Located eight miles
southeast of Wills Point, Van Zandt County. This is a yellow sand
with an upland and rolling situation. The fertility is poor. It be-
haves well in dry seasons. Six tons of manure were applied in 1913
and ten tons in 191111, with good results. The plants produced large
stalks in 1914s. Cotton does not die. Sample represents twenty-eight
acres of the farm. Thirty-five acres produced twenty-eight bales cotton
and fifty bushels corn.

No. 9172. Depth 12”-24t” or 30". This is a subsoil to 9171. It is a
yrellow sand.

W. J. Gardner, Route 1,, l/V/ills Point, Van Zanclt County. Experi-
ment 455. This experiment was run on plots of four rows each, three
and one-fourth feet apart, and 335 feet long, located one and one-half
miles north of Myrtle Springs, on well drained, uniform, moderately
fertile, upland, sandy loam soil with clay subsoil. The land has been
cultivated ten or twelve years, and produces about one-half bale of
cotton or 100 bushels of sweet potatoes per acre without the use of
fertilizer. All plots were damaged by army worms and drouth, but
the fertilized plots showed a remarkable increase over the unfertilized
plots. -

Description of soil No. 9309. Depth 0”-6". Located eight miles
southeast of Wills Point, Van Zandt County. This is a soil of good
and nearly uniform fertility, locally called “dark sand.” It has an
upland situation. Soil behaves very well in wet seasons, and moder-

ately well in dry seasons. It does not pack or run together badly. It

crumbles on drying and clods if plowed. It has been in cultivation
twelve years. Plants produce good stalks. Sample represents one-hal-f
of farm and one-third of county. One acre produces 100 bushels sweet
potatoes or one-third to one-half bale cotton.

No. 9310. Depth 6”-18". This is a subsoil to 9309.

Willie lllcDer/mitt, Chapel Hill, Waslttngton County. Experiment
456. The experiment was performed on plots of two rows each, three
and one-fourth feet apart, and 246 feet long, located at Chapel Hill,
on well drained, poor, uniform, upland, white sandy soil with gray
subsoil. The land has been under cultivation for twenty-five years, and
produces about one-fourth bale of cotton or fifteen bushels of corn
per acre without fertilizer. All plots were cultivated alike, but plots
9 and 10 were at a disadvantage by natural location.

W. H. TVedeme/z/er, Route 2, Burton, Washington County. Experi-
ment 457. This experiment was performed on plots of six rows each.
three and‘ one-half feet apart, and sixty yards long, located seven miles
south of Burton on well drained, poor, uniform, level upland, light sandy
soil with a stiff yellow clay subsoil. This land has been under culti-
vation about twenty-five years, and produces about one-fourth bale of
cotton per acre. Complete fertilizers increase the yield very little.
All plots were cultivated alike. l

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 6'?’

W. J. M cCnllunt, Route 6', blherman, Grayson County. Experiment
458. Plot is located two and one-half miles north of Howe on very
good, well drained black and gray spotted, upland, loamy soil with
yellow clay subsoil. It has been under cultivation thirty years; never
before had fertilizer been applied to it. It produces one-half bale of
cotton per acre. Plots are of four to six rows each, three and one-
half feet apart and sixty yards long. Plot 3 burned up badly on
account of unfavorable weather conditions. ~

DESCRIPTION or EXPERIMENTS—-COTTON, 1915

Frank Bnstfemper, Austin County. Experiment 459. Plot is located
four miles from New Ulm, on upland, moderate soil. The land has
been cultivated for thirty years, and produces one-third bale of cotton
per acre. The surface soil is dark sand. Cotton planted on April 14
in two rows, three and one-half feet apart and 330 feet long. All
plots were cultivated alike and harvested in September and October.
All plots were damaged by storms and later by drouth.

Description of soil No. 11,420. Depth 0”-6”. Located at New Ulm,
Austin County. This is upland soil of moderate fertility. The land
has been cultivated forty years. The soil is a gray sandy loam; runs
together and packs. Plants produce good stalks.

No. 11,421. Subsoil to 11,420. Depth 6”-12”. This soil is also
a gray sandy loam.

Table 33.—Seed cotton per acre, 1915.

. . m-Q- "c?
, "5 _ To Te m ‘Te 3
s '53 see e3 sgissa 2'
N a d 1; g N -U N -g ‘H t6 -U ‘H N

v-fl £1 U ~51 n: 3 d.) Q S q; Q .51 ,

5* E g gs 5g s a .. 5g w e 2

o‘ a E e25 as 55E 52E é’ 5.5

z ._ oo r2 :3 251E rs§ 28-32335 5 2E

i‘ I | s e s..." as sees...“ a as

é a." s - B: e2 e is e553 g a8

g s: e 5 ~ 5s; 5s §sz=esz g s;

5 é 2 5 § 5"“ i“ 5"" 3°” 2 i"
459 Frank Burkemper, Austin Co . . . . . .‘ . 130 140 170 200 270 240 290 260 160 190

460 Frank J. Kosler, Colorado C0 . . . . . . . 490 450 530 530 480 470 510 510 500 460

461 J. W. Bell, Henderson C0 . . . . . . . . . . 1320 930 1410 1360 1390 1360 1200 1210 1040 980

462 J. S. Kimbler, Hunt C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 480 510 580 550 560 610 600 580 630 660

463 C. M. Thompson, Mitchell C0 . . . . . . 1290 1380 1590 1440 1180 1690 1580 1550 1360 1420

464 Eura Davidson, Panola Co . . . . . . . . . 500 520 650 570 810 660 720 800 950 970

465 H. D. Jordan, Parker Co . . . . . . . . . . . 380 350 500 460 700 680 560 590 500 570

466 T. S. McDaniel, Sabine C0 . . . . . . . . . 490 460 680 540 860 800 880 900 940 970

467 H. T. Lovett, San Jacinto C0 . . . . . . . 400 440 820 800 880 840 880 920 1200 920

468 John Kelly, Smith Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . 350 350 370 500 450 750 700 700 450 6 0

469 L. K. Davis, Tarrant C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 400 680 710 740 730 800 750 _ . . . . . 7 l0

i Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 583 539 725 696 747 802 793 797 773 685

Frank J. K osler, Colorado County. Experiment 460. Plot is located
six miles southwest of Weirnar, on well drained, hilly upland. The soil

is moderate and uniform with a sandy and dark clay subsoil. The land-

has been cultivated twenty-five to thirty years and has produced one-
fourth bale of cotton and twenty-five bushels of corn an acre. Fifty
to seventy-five loads of barnyard manure a year have been used on the

68 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

land. Some commercial fertilizer has been used with fair results.
Land was broken on February 9. Cotton was planted 0n April 8 in
three rows forty inches apart and 145 yards long. Fertilizer was ap-
plied by hand. All plots were cultivated alike. A severe storm on
April 16 damaged the entire field and reduced yield by one-half. Crop
was picked in August and September.

Description of soil No. 11,245. Depth 0”-10"'. Located six miles
southwest of Weimar, Colorado County. This is rolling upland soil of
moderate fertility. It produces thirty bushels of corn or one-third bale
of cotton per acre. Soil has been in cultivation twenty years. The
soil is dark, chocolate brown, sandy loam. Does not pack or run to-
gether. Soil behaves well during wet and dry seasons. Sample taken
from a forty-acre field.

No. 11,246. Subsoil to 11,245. Depth 10”-20". This soil is also
a chocolate brown loam.

J. W. Bell, Henderson County. Experiment 461. Plot is located
five miles northeast of Athens, on well drained upland. Soil is good
and uniform with a red loam surface soil. The land has been cultivated
five years, and has produced three-fourths bale of cotton an acre, and
thirty bushels of corn. Fertilizers have been used with good results.
Land was broken in February and cotton was planted on May 20 in
five rows, five feet apart and seventy yards long. Fertilizer was ap-
plied by hand. The land was fiat broken, planted flat, and cultivated
at all times with a spring tooth harrow. The cotton was picked on
October 10. Plots 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10 were damaged by Wet weather
and boll weevils. Cottonseed meal and barnyard manure made stalks
grow too large. '

.Description of soil No. 11,253. Depth 0"-10". Located five miles
from Athens, Henderson County. This is upland, sloping to the west,
and of moderate fertility. It produces twenty bushels of corn, or 1000
pounds seed cotton per acre. The soil is a gray, fine, sandy loam. Soil
does not pack badly, but runs together to some extent and clods on
drying. Plants produce extra large stalks and cotton does not die. The
sample represents very small part of county.

No. 11,254. Subsoil to 11,253. Depth 10”-20". This soil is a yel-
low, fine sand.

J. S. Ifimlbler, Hunt County. Experiment 462. Plot is located
three miles south of Campbell, on well drained upland. Soil is good
and uniform, and has only one crop raised on it. The surface soil is
a dark loam and the subsoil is a joint clay. Land was broken and
bedded by March 5 and cotton was planted on April 15 in four rows,
four feet apart, and 280 feet long. Fertilizer was applied by hand.
Cotton was all. damaged by storm. It was harvested in October.

Description of soil No. 11,418. Depth 0”-9”. Located three miles

.south of Campbell, Hunt County. This is upland soil and fertile.

Drainage is good. It produces one-fourth bale of cotton per acre.
The land has been in cultivation two years. The soil is gray, sandy

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 69

loam, which. packs, runs together and clods. Cotton does not die. In
Wet seasons made good stalks but little fruit.

No. 11,419. Subsoil to 11,418. Depth 9”-21". This soil is dark
gray clay loam.

Charlie Thompson, Mitchell Cozlnty. Experiment 463. Plot 0n
Loraine town section on well drained, level upland. Soil moderate and
uniform, with a dark sandy red clay surface soil and a clay subsoil.
The land has been cultivated six years and has produced one-third bale
of cotton per acre. No fertilizer has been used on this land. Land
was broken in January and cotton was planted on April 21 in six rows,
three and one-half feet apart, and seventy yards long. Fertilizer was
applied by cotton planter. All plots were worked alike and at the
same time. All plots were damaged by hail. Cotton was picked in
October.

Description of soil No. 11,264. Depth 0'59". Located one-half mile
south of Loraine, Mitchell County. This is rolling and of moderate
fertility. This soil is a reddish brown, clay loam. Plants produce
good stalks and cotton does not die. One acre fertilized gave good
results. Fair yield every year, extra good yield in Wet seasons, medium
yield in dry season.

No. 11,265. Subsoil to 11,264. Depth 9"-12". This soil is also a
reddish brown clay loam.

Eura Davidson, Panola Count/g]. Experiment 464. Plot is situated
east of Beckville on well drained upland. Soil is moderate and uni-
form in character and has produced 400 pounds of cotton an acre. The
land has been in cultivation for twenty-five years and has always been
productive. The surface soil is white and the subsoil is red clay.
Commercial. fertilizer has been used with good results. The land was
broken in March and cotton was planted on May 1, in two rows per
plot, three feet apart, and 250 yards long. Fertilizer was applied by
hand, and all plots were worked alike. All plots were damaged by
boll weevil. The cotton was picked in October.

H. D. Jordan, Parker Cormlfy}. Experiment 465. Plot located on
well drainedhillside. Soil is moderate and spotted in character, with
a black loam surface soil, and a red and blue subsoil. The land has
been in cultivation for twentv-fiire years. Barnyard manure has been
used on this farm. Cotton was planted during May in four rows per
plot_, three and one-half feet apart, and 143 feet long. Fertilizer was
applied with a planter. All plots were damaged by boll weevils and

root rot.

T. S. McDaniel, Sabine County. Experiment 466. Plot situated
one and one-half miles south of Fairdale, on well drained first bottom.
Soil is moderate and uniform, with a black surface soil, and a joint
clay subsoil. Land had been in cultivation three years, and has pro-
duced 700 pounds of cotton on an acre. Land was broken in February
and cotton was planted May 1 in three rows per plot, four feet apart

70 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

and 105 yrards long. Fertilizer was applied by hand. All plots were
damaged in yield by drouth. Cotton was picked in October.

H. L. Lo/vett, San Jacinta County. Experiment 467. Plot is located
West of Shepard, on well drained second bottom. Soil is poor and uni-
form, with surface soil of light Qand and subsoil of clay. The land
has been in cultivation twenty years and has produced fifteen bushels
of corn per acre. Barnyard manure and commercial fertilizers of
cottonseed meal, acid phosphate, and potash have been used on this
soil. Land was broken in February and cotton was planted on April
30 in four rows per plot, four feet apart and seventy yards long. Fer-
tilizer was applied by distributer in furrow. All plots were damaged
by a storm in August. Cotton was picked in September.

Description of soil No. 11,310. Depth 0”-6”. Located near Shepard,
San Jacinto County. This is rolling, moderately poor soil. Soil packs
and runs together, and crumbles on drying. No overflow. Plants pro-
duce good stalks. Cotton dies. Soil is grayish yellow sand. _

No. 11,311. Subsoil to 11,310. Depth 6”-12”. This soil is yellow
sand.

John KeZly/, Snzith County. Experiment 463. Plot is situated on
well drained upland. Soil is poor and not mixed. The land has been
in cultivation for thirty-five years, and has produced 450 pounds of
cotton per acre. The surface soil is white sand with a subsoil of clay.
The land was broken in January, and planted to cotton on May '7,
with two rows per plot, four feet apart and 280 feet long. The drouth
damaged all the plots.

Description of soil No. 11,262. Depth 0"-10". Located five miles
south of Tyler, Smith County. This is poor upland, rolling slightly.
It produces 300 pounds cotton per acre. Land has been in cultivation
thirty-five years. The soil is yellowish white fine sandy loam. Does

not pack, run together, or clod. Plants produce poor stalks, but cotton '

does not die. The yield is greater in wet seasons than in dry seasons.
No. 11,263. Subsoil to 11,262. Depth 10”-16”. This soil is also
a. yellowish white.

L. K. Davis, Tarrant County. Experiment 1169. Plot is about three
and one-half miles north of Grapevine, on well. drained, gently rolling,
second bottom. Soil is moderate and spotted with a light gray sandy
subsoil, which has a few clay spots through it. The subsoil is four to
eight inches deep, of red clay. The land has been in cultivation thirty-
five years and has produced 600 pounds of cotton per acre. Cotton
was planted on May 29 in two rows per plot, three and one-half feet
apart and 250 yards long. The fertilizer was applied with a cotton
planter. All plots were damaged by boll weevils. Picked on October 20.

DETAILS OF COTTON EXPERIMENTS, 1916

P. Neshyba, N e-zv U Zm, Austin County. Experiment 4'70. Two miles
southwest of New Ulm. Land is moderate and spotted in character,

CooPEIgATIvE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. '71

produces two-fifths of a bale of cotton an acre, in cultivation ten years.
It was post oak land. Upland, surface soil dark and sandy, with a
sand clay subsoil. Land broken in March. Cotton planted on April

'7 and harvested during September. Fertilizer applied by hand into
an open furrow, then mixed with soil by an eighteen-inch sweep. Two
rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart and 600 feet long. All
plots cultivated alike. Plot 2 suffered from drouth.

Table 34.—-Seed cotton per acre.
_ . ha‘ .

‘F. 5 351%.? *3? i236 ~55 a

_ 8 35 8 g f, 8 g 8 gfgf é g g5 5'3.

é '5'. g1 '35 *5 "i? '3: -g_ 42.3; 5 ‘5 r9.

.9 O 4; Q --< O m! o

‘E s“ a a fie f agé’ 2* E’ a ~25

5 f; '-' . '-‘ -' g o '"' 8 -' g o w"  f, T, 3 u:

a é g g g .-1 no g N a o: IN E w 2 o‘: 2 H
470 P. Neshyba, Austin C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 880 970 880 920 910 1050 1050 870 1030 1160

471 Z. D. Page, Clay Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 300 340 420 510 520 510 460 500 500 490

472 Y. B. Reed, Fannin C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . 340 430 460 340 480 420 410 390 380 410

473 Howth Allen, Fannin Co . . . . . . . . . . . 750 780 770 .790 810 - 770 770 820 880 880

474 L. T. Manning._. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 570 760 660 840 790 890 860 800 860 870

475 R. Arnold, Trinity Co. . ._ . . . . . . . . . . 750 800 820 900 950 850 750 1100 1250 . . . . . .
476 W. H. Wedemeyer, Washington Co.. 830 910 1140 1220 1230 1260 1170 1050 1130 930
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 631 713 736 789 813 821 781 761 861 790

Z. D. Page, N ezvport, Clay County. Experiment 4'71. Fifteen miles I

northeast of Jacksboro. Soil good and uniform in character, produces
800 pounds of cotton and twenty bushels of corn, in cultivation twenty
years. Was dark sandy post oak land. Lowland, surface soil black
and sandy, with black clay subsoil, well drained. Land broken in J an-
uary. Cotton planted on May 28, picked during first and second week
in October. Fertilizer applied by hand. Eight rows per plot, four
feet apart and seventy feet long. Land broken, listed and planted with
one-row planter. Fertilizer mixed with a small plow. All plots dam-

A aged by weevils and drouth.

Y. B. Reed, Trenton, Fanninflounty. Experiment 4172. Three miles
northwest of Randolph. Soil moderate and uniform in character, pro-
duces one-third bale of cotton, in cultivation forty years. Upland, sur-
face soil sandy, and dark red subsoil, yellow clay and dark gumbo.
Drainage good. Land broken in August. Cotton planted April 11,
and picked September 14- to October 8. Fertilizer applied with planter.
One row to the plot, rows three ‘feet apart and 300 yards long. Broken
with sulky, bedded with buster, subsoiled in March. All plots culti-
vated alike, and all damaged by drouth. A

Description of soil No. 12,982. Depth 0"-8". Located two and
one-half miles northwest of Randolph, Fannin County. This is uni-
form, poor. upland, level soil. It produces a low yield. The land has
been cultivated twenty-five years. No fertilizer or manure applied. No
crops plowed under. The soil is a drab clay, gets tight, holds water

72 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

in wet seasons. It gets tight and crusty in dry seasons. Plants do
not produce good stalks and cotton dies.

No. 12,983. Subsoil to 12,982. Depth O"-15”. This soil is a brown
clay.

H 010th Allen, {Janey Grove, Fanmn County. Experiment 473.
Located two and one-fourth miles north of Honey Grove, on good and
uniform soil, which produces thirty bushels of corn and one-half bale
of cotton, in cultivation twenty years. It was timber land, second bot-
tom. Surface soil deep, black and waxy, subsoil gravelly clay and far
below surface, with good drainage. Land broken in January. Cotton
planted on. May 5 and picked between September 18 and October 30.
Fertilizer applied by hand. Four rows per plot, three feet four inches
apart and 105 yards long. Plowed five times with cultivator and hoed
three times.

Description of soil No. 12,963. Depth 0"-8”. Located two and one-
half miles north of Honey Grove, Fannin County. This is uniform,
good and fertile upland and rolling, does not overflow. It produces one-
fourth to one-half bale of cotton, twenty-five to forty bushels of corn
per acre. Land has been in cultivation twenty years. No fertilizer or
manure used, and no green crops turned under. This soil is a dark
gray clay, does not pack or clod on drying, but runs together and crum-
bles. In wet seasons cotton is poor, and corn very good. In dry
seasons cotton is good and corn very good. Plants produce a good
stalk, and cotton dies in small spots.

No. 12,964. Subsoil to 12,963. Depth 8”-22". This soil is also a.
dark clay.

Leslie T. Zllanrn/ivzkq, Vineyard, Jack County. Experiment 474. Ten
miles southeast of J acksboro. Soil moderate and uniform in character.
Produces thirty-five bushels of oats and thirty bushels of kafir corn,
in cultivation twenty years. Mesquite prairie, cotton, corn, kafir and

__ oats have been grown on the land. One light crop of blackeyed peas

was turned under two years previously. A small amount of barnyard
manure has been used with good. results. Upland surface soil, dark
sandy loam, with red clay subsoil. Terraced four feet to 100. Land
broken in January. Cotton planted on April 21 and replanted on
May 8, picked in September and October. Fertilizer applied April 20'
by a two-horse cotton planter. Two rows per plot, three and one-half

feet apart and 210 yards long. All plots cultivated alike, harrowed '

three times, cultivated five times, thinned July 10, topped July 25.
All plots damaged by weevils. Plots 1 and 5 near terraces.
Description of soil No. 13,186. Depth 0”-9”. Ten miles east of
J acksboro, Jack County. This is of moderate fertility, thinner on
high ground, slightly rolling, upland. It produces a little above the
average for the county. Soil in cultivation twenty years. Cattle were
allowed to graze on this land. No manure was applied. Volunteer

oats where turned under gave a ten per cent. increase in yield. All

y trash turned under each winter. The soil is a brown clay loam. Most

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 73

productive in wet seasons. Soil holds moisture well. Crops endure
drouth well. Soil does not pack or run together badly. Does not
crumble on drying and only clods on dryin.g when stirred wet. Plants
produce medium stalks and cotton does not die.

No. 13,187. Subsoil to 13,186. Depth 9”-21". This soil is a brown
clay 10am.

Richard Arnold, lVathart, Trin/itg/ County. Experiment 475. Eight
miles from Helmic. Soil moderate and mixed in character. Produces
fifteen bushels of corn and 800 pounds of cotton, in cultivation twenty-
five years. Upland, surface soil. is a light sand, with a yellow clay
subsoil. Drainage very good. Land broken in January. Cotton planted
April 1.5 and picked during September and October. Fertilizer applied
by hand. Four rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart and 280
feet long. All cultivated alike. All plots damaged by boll weevils and
by rain in the spring.

W. H. W edenwyer, Burton, Wusltinyton County. Experiment 476.
Seven miles south of Burton. Upland soil, moderate and uniform in
character. Produces fifteen bushels of corn and 500 pounds of cotton.
In cultivation fifty years. Planted in corn, cotton, or sorghum, and
fertilized sometimes. Barnyard manure used with good results. Sur-
face soil light sandy with clay foundation, subsoil yellowish to red clay,
with good drainage. Land broken in November. Cotton planted on
April 28 and picked on September 22-. Fertilizer applied by distributer.
Four rows per plot, three and one-half feet apartand eighty yards
long. All plots bedded twice and cultivated three times. After plant-
ing and chopping the first time, plots '7, 8, 9, and 1O were damaged by
wilt; plots 1, 2, S, 7, 8, 9, and 10 were all damaged.

Description of soil No. 12,984. Depth 0”-8”. Located seven miles
south of Burton, Washington County. This is nearly uniform, poor,
upland, rolling. This land has been in cultivation fifty years. This
field was planted in sorghum a good deal. Fertilized with five tons
manure per acre frequently, with good results. No green crop has
been turned under. Soil becomes soggy in wet seasons. Soil runs
together and needs stirring before it forms a crust, and clods on dry-
ing. Soil is a brown sand.

No. 12,985. Subsoil to 12,984. Depth 8”-12". This soil is brown
and gray clay and sand.

DETAIL 0E COTTON EXPERIMENTS, 1917

R. L. Newsom, Cleburne, Jackson. County. Experiment 4'77. Farm
three miles east of Rio Vista. Upland soil, moderate and uniform, pro-
duces one-fourth bale of cotton an acre, and has been in cultivation for
thirty years. Surface soil is light and sandy, subsoil is a red clay.
Drainage is good. Land broken in January. Acid phosphate and
cottonseed have been used for fertilizer with good results. Cotton
planted on May 28 and picked in October and November. Fertilizer

'74 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT SrATIoN.

applied with planter. Three rows per plot, 150 yards long and three
feet apart. All plots cultivated alike. All damaged by drouth.

Table 35.—Seed cotton, pounds per acre, 1917.

.. . “c? .
. . _- s, _s s33 ,2 _
s s 35g s8 26E’. s8 s
i a sis; é? r55? i? _ 12...;
- s s as.»   2 s;
é :- 5 2st 2s ass 2s  s?
*3‘ a" a s sis a5 '52 a5 2}‘ '3 a3
'6 "a i’ s‘ as; as is; is s 2 £2
g g s s s~~= s~ aw as g g es
r-i QQ Ifi r-l PG I-l I-l
477 Ralph Newsom, Johnson C0 . . . . . . .. 300 400 510 1100 1080 1120 1130 320 600 800
478 W. T. Hays, Montague C0 . . . . . . . .. 140 220' 223 300 330 340 375 380 500 540 i
479 H. D. Jordan, Parker Co . . . . . . . . . . . 410 460 570 450 450 470 390 400 420 440
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2S3 360 434 617 620 643 632 367 507 593

W. T. H ayes, Illontague, M ontagne County. Experiment 4'71. Farm
four miles east of Montague. Soil moderate and uniform, upland,
slightly rolling, producing one-eighth bale of cotton (when damaged by
boll weevils), and has been in cultivation for twenty years. No fer-
tilizer has been used; cropped continuously. Surface soil is a sandy
loam, not deep, and light red in color. Subsoil is a stiff clay. Good
natural drainage. Land broken in December. Cotton plantedon May
17 and picked in November. Fertilizer applied by drill under seed.
Four rows per plot, 105 yards long and three and one-half feet apart.
All plots cultivated alike. Stand in plots 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, and 7 fifty
per cent. ; in plots 4, 8, 9, and 10 about seventy per cent.

H. D. Jordan, W eatherford, Parker County. Experiment 4'79. Soil
poor and uniform, level upland, in cultivation twenty-five or thirty
years. It is benefited by barnyard manure. Surface soil is dark, sandy;
subsoil a red clay, with fair drainage conditions. Land broken in
November, cotton planted on April 21 and picked in September and
October. Three rows per plot, 390 feet long and three and one-half
feet apart. Fertilizer applied with walking planter. All plots culti-
vated- alike. All damaged by boll weevils.

DESCRIPTION or EXPERIMENTS—COI{N, 1915

Edgar Ifnston, Anderson Cou-niy. Experiment 480. Plot is located
two and one-half miles east of Poyner, on a well drained, upland soil.
The soil is moderately fertile and uniform. The surface soil consists
of a light sand and the subsoil of clay. The farm has been under cul-
tivation for sixteen years and has produced one-third bale of cotton
and seventeen bushels of corn an acre. Some fertilizer has been used
before with good results. Corn was planted on March 10 in plots of
six rows each, three and one-fourth feet apart and seventy yards long.
The fertilizer Was applied by hand. All plots were cultivated alike.
The tenth plot grew and matured the quickest.

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER ExPERIMENTs, 1908-1917. 75

Table 36.—C0rn, bushels per acre, 1915.

Q - B: n-fl
_- '3 - '3 '33 33%

8' 3 29% .29 2'9 3 155 8 8'

a E 2'83 as as? see a .

Q T’ “Si? Q” ‘*3 o m” u; ‘M’

. 3 8 3’ == q; 8 3 8 s“ 8 5w c; 75‘ '5
o ..:: g n30 .413 53g ngjg 1.. -= g
Z o. c 0.3 <3 n“, as. a 2.5-. Q :1 n.
>, a on 2 :2 2w: 282521252 5 r29
‘6 1 I 3 8 3 u} ‘f 3 vi 8 <1; "f 3 o5 '2 5 3%
+1 b!) b0 . .  m .2 .£ m  m m . m!
i3 ~51 5 .3 .3 Bog 3o Boa Bog '3 .33
E fl 5F, '-‘ '-' "co "-0 ~00 "o0 3 "o
‘q o Q o g g-nr: Se: gown gone o SH
‘ .

4801EdgarHuston, Anderson Co . . . . . . .. , 25.7 24.0 28.7 29.3 37.1 36.1 36.0 34.9 29.7 43.0

481W. O. Berry, Angelina C0 . . . . . . . . .. 8.0‘ 12.7 10.3 9.3 15.0‘ 16.1 18.9 21.3 24.1 27.3

482‘J. P. Carneslirazos C0 . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.1 20.3 22.1 20.4 23.0 20.6 22.4 23.4 . . . . . . . . . . ..

4831Albert Williams, Burnet C0 . . . . . . .. 38.61 35 2 37.11 38.7 37.3 37.8 34.9 35.8 32.4 33.0

484H. T. Redwine, Comanche Co . . . . .. 19.61 18.7 16.41 17.9 19.3 15.4 16.3 15.3 18.6 20.0

485 W. T. Lawrence, Coryell C0 . . . . . . .. 23.11 18.0 15.41 25.7 18.0 20.6 16.7 16.7 14.1 14.1

486‘H. A. Porter, Denton C0 . . . . . . . . . .. 13.71 13.7 13.41 17.6 18.4 16.9 17.7 18.6 20.6 22.9

487»V. B. Smith, Donley Co . . . . . . . . . . .. 41.4‘ 37.6 35.7‘ 36.6 34.4 35.4 36.3 35.7 35.4 26.4

488'Aubrey Gist, Erath Co . . . . . . . . . . .. 23.7‘ 27.3 21.1‘ 20.7 23.7 24.9 24.3 25.7 29 9 34.3

4891R0bt. T. Wade,Erath CO . . . . . . . . .. 17.6‘ 17.6 24.31 18.0 32.0 12.9 18.9 28 3 18.3 14.6
490Wm. O. Frochner, Gonzales Co“... 14.01 17.4 15.3. 13.4 10.7 16.0 17.4 17.6 15.4 11.4
492‘W. A. Ray,Gregg Co . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 9.71 15.3 16.6‘ 18.1 18 3 17.1 21.7 22.4 16.7 16 9
4941T. A. Callaway, Jack C0 . . . . . . . . . .. 24.61 22.4 22.11 23.6 26.0 26.0 27.3 27.1 27.6 27.9
495 A.G.Smith,Jack Co . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 6.61 5.4 7.9‘ 6.1 7.3 4.9 4.3 4.4 7.1 . . . . ..
496»WillF. Pickett, Lampasas Co . . . . .. 29.61 27.3 34.41 34.7 35.0 35.1 34.4 33.0 22.9 35.9
49711. H. Christopher, Matagorda Co. . . 16.01 13.7 17.4 15.7 30.0 16.0 14.3 31.3 26.9 26.3
498‘F.A. Scott, MillsCo . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26.61 24.9 26.6 25.6 26.6 27.4 28.0 26.6 16.1 25.7

499fJohn A. Miller, Palo Pinto Co . . . . .. 9.0 12.9 12.6 20.0 16.0 12.1 10.0 11.3 15.4 20.0

500 E. O. Radford, Palo Pinto C0 . . . . . .. 24.3‘; 24.7 26.3‘ 26.6 27.7 27.1 26.9 28.4 26.0 26.6

501.1. T. Tisdale, Red River C0 . . . . . . .. 28.61 40.1 37.4‘ 38.4 44.9 54.9 59.4 61.3 70.9 75.0

502‘J. L. Cochran, Rusk Co . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.01 16.0 23.1‘ 27.4 32.0 29.7 28.3 30.3 26.6 30.0

50331. M. Ashley, Rusk C0 . . . . . . . . . . .. 8.71 9.0 9.71 10.1 12.4 11.9 11.3 12.1 11.4 12.1

504jT. G. Speights, Sabine Co . . . . . . . . .. 28.6‘ 30.4 32.1‘ 40.0 40 4 41.4 42 0 37.6 41.0 42.9

505 A. D. Winters,Smith C0 . . . . . . . . . .. 24.3 22.9 22.91 25.0 26.0 25.7 25.9 27.61 24.3 27.6

506 H. D.Far.juhal‘,WallerC0 . . . . . . . .. 16.41 17.4 20.61 21.1 23.0 21.1 24.0 25.6 21.4 22.9

507 R.E.Leonard,Wise Co . . . . . . . . . . .. 10.01 17.9 12.9‘ 11.4 17.1 18.6 21.4 15.7 15.7 19.3

508'L. C. Swenson, Wise Co . . . . . . . . . . .. 13.9‘ 21.0 20.0 23.6 24.3 25.0 23.7 22.4 15.1 14.3

509‘S. A. King, Wood C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.61 20.9 26.6 29.3 35.4 33.0 33.4 35.0 38.3 33.6

1 Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.11 20.9 21.81 23.0 25.4 24.2 24.9 25.91‘ 24.5 27.1
I 1 1

W. O. Berry, A/rz/gel/ina County. Experiment 481. Plot is located
eight miles east 0f Huntington, on poorly drained upland. The soil
is of good fertility and mixed in character, with a black clay surface
soil and a clay subsoil. The soil has been in cultivation thirty years
without any fertilizer having been applied. Corn was planted on
March 30 in plots of three rows, three and one-half feet apart and 420
feet long. The land was broken in ‘the fall, bedded and disked in the
spring. The first, second, and third plbts were damaged by insects.
All plots except 9 and 1.0 were damaged by storm. .

Description of soil No. 12,974. Depth 0"-6". Located ten miles
from Lufkin, Angelina County. This is not uniform, moderate upland.
It produces ten to twenty-five bushels of corn per acre. Land in cul-
tivation fifteen years. No crop plowed under. Soil is hard to handle
but produces good crops in wet years. Easy to ‘handle in dry seasons
xith poor crops. The soil is a gray, or mottled with brown and white
calcareous clay. Soil packs and crumbles on drying and does not ru11
together or clod. Produces good stalks.

No. 12,975. Subsoil to 12,974. This soil is a gray mottled with
brown and white calcareous clay.

J. P. Games, Brazos County. Experiment 482. Plot located ten
miles east of Bryan, on well drained upland. The soil is of good fer-

76 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

tility and uniform, with a darksandy surface soil and a yellow clay
subsoil. The farm has been in cultivation fourteen years, and has
produced twenty-five bushels of corn per acre. The land was broken
in February and corn was planted in March, in plots of two rows each,
four feet apart. All plots were damaged by insects. The corn was
harvested on September 7.

Albert l/Villiams, B-zarnet County. Experiment 483. Plot is situated
four miles east of Oakalla, on well drained upland. The soilis good

in fertility and uniform in character with a dark loam surface soil and,

a clay subsoil. The land has been in cultivation forty-five or fifty
years, and the average yield has been twenty bushels of corn and one-
third bale of cotton. Corn was planted on April 5 in plots of four
rows each, four feet apart and 280 feet long. All plots were cultivated
alike. The first plot was nearest irrigation ditch. All of the corn
was irrigated. The crop was harvested on October 26.

Description of soil No. 11,375. Depth 0”-6". Located eleven miles
south of Copperas Cove, Burnet County. This is upland, level, of
moderate fertility. It produces one-half bale of cotton or twenty-five
bushels of corn per acre. The land has been in cultivation forty years.
The soil is a drab clay loam, which packs, runs together and clods on
drying. Plants produce good stalks but cotton dies in wet seasons.
Soil cracks badly in dry weather.

No. 11,376. Subsoil to 11,375. Depth 6”-15”. This soil is a gray
clay loam.

H. T. Reduwlne, Comanche Uozonty. Experiment 484. Plot is located
three miles west of Sidney, on well drained, low mesquite land. Soil
good black valley land and uniform. The farm has been cultivated
eighteen years and the average acre yield is thirty bushels of corn,
forty bushels of oats or one-half bale of cotton. Corn was planted on
April 5, in three rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart and 420
feet long. Fertilizer was applied by hand. The whole crop was dam-
aged by two months’ drouth. .

Description of soil No. 11,392. Depth 0”-5”. Located three miles
west of Sidney, Comanche County. This is bottom land, fertile, mes-
quite land. Itproduces one-fourth bale of cotton per acre. This is
good land but affected by boll weevils. No fertilizer has been used.
Good crops in wet seasons, fair in dry seasons. This soil is a dark
gray sandy loam, which packs some and runs together, but crumbles on
drying. Plants produce stalks but cotton dies some.

No. 11,893. Subsoil to 11,392. Depth 5”-12”. This soil is a dark
sandy loam.

W. T. Lawrence, Cory/ell County. Experiment 485. Plot is located
one mile West of Wound, on well drained upland. The soil is poor and
mixed in character, with a light sandy surface soil and a red clay sub-
soil. The land has been in cultivation ten years and the average yield
has been fifteen bushels an acre. The land was formerly timbered.
Corn was planted April 15 in plots of nine rows each, three feet apart

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 77

and 125 feet long. All pl.ots were cultivated alike. All plots dam-
aged by drouth. Plots 8, 4, 5, 6, and '7 Were fine until they began to
tassel, and then burned up due t0 drouth. Harvested corn October 10.

Description of soil No. 11,416. Depth 0”-6”. Located one-half mile
West of Mound, Coryell County. This is upland, sand and clay of
moderate fertility, in cultivation for ten years. PloWed under green
crop in April With good effect. This soil is a light gray, mottled red
sandy loam, stands Wet Weather very Well but not dry Weather, crumbles
on dryiing. Produces medium stalks.

No. 11,417. Subsoil to 11,416. Depth 6”-12”. This soil is a red-
dish broWn mottled clay.

H . A. Porter, Danton County. Experiment 486. Plot is located
six miles West of LeWisville, on a Well drained level upland. The sur-
face soil is a moderately fertile light sand With a red clay subsoil. The
land has been cultivated for forty years, most of the crops being cotton.
The average yield of corn has been fifteen bushels per acre. Manure
has been used for fertilizer with good results. Corn Was planted on
April 6 in tWo roWs to the plot, four feet apart and 560 feet long.
Fertilizer Was applied With a drill. All plots Were cultivated alike.
Crop Was harvested on September 1.0.

Victor B. Smith, Donley County. Experiment 487'. Plot one mile
northeast of Clarendon, on a Well drained loWland. The soil is of good
fertility and uniform in character With a dark mixed sandy surface
soil and a clay subsoil. The land had been cultivated for seven years.
It produces kafir, maize or cotton Well, and the average yield of cotton
is one-half bale an acre. Corn Was planted on April 8 in four roWs to
each plot, three and one-half feet apart and 100 yards long. All plots
Were Worked alikeQ A short drouth damaged all the corn While in
tassel, and hail also damaged crop. Corn Was harvested September 2'7.

Description of soil No. 11,285. Depth 0”-12”. Located one mile
northeast of Clarendon, Donley County. This is good soil, not uni-
form in fertility. This land has been in cultivation ten years. Small
quantities of fertilizer on spots increased the yield. The yield is better
in Wet seasons than in dry seasons, but the yields are good if the crop
is thinned out and Well cultivated. This soil is a dark gray sandy loam.
packs, runs together and clods on drying.

‘No. 11,286. Subsoil to 11,285. Depth 12"-24”. This soil is a
dark gray sandy loam.

Autirey Gist, Erath County. Experiment 488. Plot is located eight
miles south of Bluff. Dale, on Well drained second bottom. The surface
soil is moderately fertile, dark red, uniform loam. The subsoil is a
red clay. The land has been in cultivation for ten years and the aver-
age yield has been twenty-five bushels an acre and thirty-five bushels
of oats. Corn Was planted on March 20 in four roWs per plot, four
feet apart and 280 feet long. Fertilizer Was applied in drill. All
plots Were cultivated alike and damaged by storm. Germination Was

,1 not good and varied from plot 1 to plot 10, as if the natural fertility

i '78 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

of the field increased gradually from plot 1 to plot 10. Harvested on
October 15. i a

Robert T. Wade, Erath County. Experiment 489. Plot is located j
five miles north of Stephenville in a level upland with small drainage. ‘
The soil is moderately fertile, uniform, mixed dark sand with red clay 
subsoil. The land has been in cultivation twelve years, and the aver- 5
age yield has been one-third bale of cotton an acre. Corn was planted a
on March 25 with sixteen rows per plot, three feet apart and seventy 
feet long. All plots were cultivated alike, fertilizer was applied by i
hand, and crop was harvested on November 1. The entire plot suffered A

from drouth.

yWilliam C. Frochner, Gonzales County. Experiment 490. Plot is ~i
located twelve miles west of Gonzales on an upland with little drainage. ..
The surface soil is a moderately fertile mixed soil of black land sand. >-
The subsoil is a yellow clay. The land has been cultivated for twelve 

years and the average yield of corn is twenty-six bushels an acre. Corn

was planted on March 15 in four rows per plot, four feet apart and 
208 feet long. The fertilizer was applied in a furrow by hand, then ?
plowed under. All plots were cultivated four times and the middle i‘
was plowed once. The plots were all damaged by early wet weather v

and late drouth. Corn was harvested on October '7.

Description of soil No. 11,388. Depth O”-"/%”. Located twelve miles i
west ofrGonzales, Gonzales County. This is upland mesquite and of f
moderate fertility. It produces one-third bale of cotton or thirty _
bushels of corn per acre. This land has been cultivated sixteen years. _
Not uniform in fertility. Four or five loads of manure applied with 
good results. Cotton yields better than corn in dry seasons, but corn
does better in wet seasons. This soil is a brown sandy loam. In spots
the soil packs, runs together, and cotton dies. Plants produce medium 

sized stalks.

No. 11,289. Subsoil to 11,888. Depth v.}~"-19s". This SOll is 

brown sandy loam.

_ W. A. Ray, Gregg County. Experiment 492. Plot is located west a
of Longview, on a well drained second bottom. The surface soil is of
good fertility and is a uniform chocolate loam. The land has been g
cultivated one year and similar land makes an average yield of twenty .;
bushels of corn and one-half bale of cotton an acre. Corn was planted '__'
on May 14 in plots of four rows each, four feet apart and forty yards 
long. The fertilizer was applied by hand. All plots were cultivated‘:
alike and all were damaged bystorm and drouth in July and August. i"

Corn was harvested on October 29.

Description of soils Nos. 11,2~4-'7-11,2-1~8. Depth 0”-12". Located six .
miles west of Longview, Gregg County. This is fertile bottom land. y
The land has been in cultivation from one to three years. The soil is r
light. brown, silty loam, does not pack, run, together, or clod. Plants ‘

produce good stalks and cotton does not die.


i.
a

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-191’? '79

T. A.. Cattaway, Jack County. Experiment 494. Plot one and one-
half miles from Jacksboro, 0n well drained, first bottom. The soil is
of good fertility, and is a uniform light red loam with a clay, subsoil.
The land has been cultivated for twenty-five years and the average
yield\has been thirty bushels of corn. Corn was planted in one row
plots, rows seven feet apart and 190 yards long. The fertilizer was
applied by hand in furrow and mixed with soil by harrow. All plots
were damaged slightly by storm. Corn Was harvested on September 21.

A. G. Smith, Jack County. Experiment 495. Plot is located seven
miles west of Jacksboro, on a Well drained upland. Surface soil is

moderately fertile, mixed, dark sandy loam with a red clay subsoilj

The land has been in cultivation for thirty or thirty-five years and the
average yield is one-third of a bale of cotton and twenty bushels of corn
an acre.
and one-half feet apart and 140 yards long. Fertilizer was applied by
a planter. All plots were treated alike. All were damaged by hail
and part of the stand was washed out by early rains.

Description of soil No. 11,337. Depth 2'55".
fourth miles north of Burwick, Jack County. This is rolling, moder-
ately fertile. No fertilizer used. A very little barnyard manure used
with good results. Plowed under green crop last fall for first time.
Stands dry weather well. Soil is a yellowish brown sandy loam, packs,
runs together, and clods on drying. a "

N0. 11,338. Subsoil to 11,337. Depth 4”-12". This soil is yellow
sandy loam.

ll7ill F. Pickett, Lampasas County. Experiment 496. Plot is located
one-half mile west of Lometa, on well drained upland. The surface
soil is a moderately fertile, uniform light loam, contains enough sand
barely to scour plow. The subsoil is a whitish substance like ashes.
The land is virgin prairie, broken sixteen months ago. The average
yield is twenty bushels an acre. Corn was planted on March 14 in
three row plots, five and one-half to six feet apart and seventy-five yards

long. Fertilizer  applied by hand in shallow trenches opened be- -

side the growing corn. The stand was uniform and about seventy-five
per cent of normal. Plot 9 was slightly damaged.

James H. chTtélfOflhéT, Matayordu County. Experiment 497. Plot
is located one mile from Bay City, on fairly well drained upland. The
surface soil is uniform, moderately fertile, light colored, sandy loam,
with a yellow clay subsoil. It has probably been cultivated for twenty
years and. the average yield is twenty bushels an acre. Corn was
planted on April *7 in eight rows per plot, four feet apart and seventy
yards long. The fertilizer was distributed by hand in furrow and then
mixed. All plots were cultivated alike, first harrowed, then cultivated
with shovels, hoed, cultivated twice with sweeps, then once with large
sweeps. The whole crop was damaged by storm. The stand was about
sixtydive per cent. normal.

Description of soil No. 11,304. Depth 0”-6”. Located one mile

Corn was planted on April 2 in three row plots, rows three-

Located two and one- .

80 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

south of Bay City, Matagorda County. This is upland of moderate
fertility and poor drainage. It produces thirty-seven bushels of corn
per acre. This land has been cultivated twenty or forty years. Fer-
tilizer used in cooperative experiment last year increased yield. Soil
is a gray sandy loam. Soil packs, some clods and runs together, some
is improving. Soil becomes "wet and crop is inclined to drown out in
wet seasons. In dry seasons soil dries and cracks.

No. 11,305. Subsoil to 11,304. Depth 6”-12”. This soil is a gray
clay loam.

F. A. Scott, Zlfills County. Experiment 498. Plot is located six
miles northeast of Goldthwaite, on a well drained land. The surface
soil is\a mixed black soil. No fertilizer has been used except barnyard
manure. Corn  planted on April '7 in plots of three rows, four feet
apart and 140 yards long. The fertilizer was applied with a cotton
planter. The plots were cultivated alike. The weather was too dry
at planting time and at silking time.

Description of soil No. 11,394. Depth 0”-’7”. Located six miles
northeast of Goldthwaite, Mills County. This is second bottom land.
Soil is dark gray mottled, White gravelly loam. In wet seasons in
spots turns yellow or whitish. Crops die in dry seasons. Soil crumbles
on drying. Produces fair stalks.

No. 11,395. Subsoil to 11,394. Depth 7”-14”. This soil is gray
mottled, white, gravelly loam.

John A. Miller, Polo Pinto Uon-nty. Experiment 499. Plot is lo-
cated two miles south of Salesville, on well drained upland. The sur-
face soil has poor fertility. It is a uniform clay loam with a three-
inch layer of sand on top, and a sticky red clay subsoil. The land has
been in cultivation for thirty years, and has been allowed to run too
long in cotton and corn. The average yield has been one-eighth bale
of cotton and fifteen bushels of corn. Corn was planted on April 1 in
fourrows, four feet apart and 280 feet long. Fertilizer was applied
broadcast. A ditch ran next to plot 10. The rest of the plots were
not affected by different conditions. The crop was affected by a long
wet spell in May and June.

E. O. Redford, Palo Pinto County. Experiment 500. Plot located
three miles south of Mineral Wells, on well drained upland. Surface
soil is moderately fertile mixed sand, loam and clay of a light red color.
The land has been in cultivation for over thirty years and the average
yield is from fifteen to thirty bushels of corn an acre. Commercial
fertilizer and barnyard manure have been used before. Corn was
planted on March 13. The fertilizer was applied broadcast by hand
and covered with a drag. All plots were cultivated alike. Chinch
bugs damaged all plots. Some hills in plots 2 and 3 washed out. All
plots were damaged by drouth when in silk and tassel.

J. T. Tisda-Ze, Red River County. Experiment 501. Plot is located
one and one-fourth miles southwest of Avery, on well drained ridge

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 81

upland. Surface soil is a uniform dark sandy soil of good fertility,
with a light gray subsoil. The land was formerly used for pasture
and has been cultivated two years. The average yield is twenty-five
bushels of corn and one-half bale of cotton. The land was broken in
December and corn Was planted on April 6 in six row plots, rows three
and one-fourth feet apart, and seventy yards long. The fertilizer was
applied in hills by hand. Plot 6 lost eleven hills through moles. Plot
1 was next to a cross fence, and first row was poor. Peas were planted
between all rows ‘except in plot 3.

J. T. Cochran, Rusk (Iounty. Experiment 502. Plot twelve miles
south of Henderson on well drained upland. Surface soil is moderately
fertile gray, uniform soil with a yellow subsoil. The land has been in
cultivation for fifteen years and the average yield is fifteen bushels
an acre. Corn was planted on March 15 in four row plots, rows three
and one-half feet apart and seventy yards long. Fertilizer was applied
on April 20. Land was bedded in February and planted in furrows.

Description of soil No. 11,266. Depth 0”-6”. Located twelve miles
southwest of Henderson, Rusk County. This is upland, level, moder-
ately fertile. Produces fifteen bushels corn or one-third bale of cotton
per acre. The land has been cultivated twenty years. One hundred
and fifty pounds fertilizer. used yearly with good effect. Poor yields
in wet seasons and good‘ in dry seasons. Soil a yellowish gray clay
loam. Soil packs, runs together and clods on drying. Poor stalks,
and cotton dies. _

N6. 11,261 Subsoil to 11,266. Depth 6"-12". This is light yel-
low clay loam.

J. M. Ashley, Rusk County. Experiment 508. Plot is located twelve
miles south of Henderson, on well drained second bottom. The sur-
face soil is a uniform red loam of fairly good fertility. The subsoil
is a red clay. The land has been in cultivation for twenty years and
the average yield is fifteen bushels of corn an acre and one-half bale
of cotton. Ground was broken in Januaryand planted level to corn
on March 1. The plots had two rows, four feet apart and 190 yards
long. Plots were not damaged by anything except drouth. Plots 4,
6 and '7 were earlier than the rest, but all were cut short by drouth.

Description of soil No. 9932. Depth 0"-10". Located twelve miles
southwest of Henderson, Rusk County. This is second bottom, moder-
ate fertility. It produces twenty bushels of corn or one-third bale of
cotton per acre. The land has been cultivated seventy-five years.
Stands drouth well. _ Soil is reddish sand. Does not pack, clod or run
together. Plants do not die. Stalks are too small. Cottonseed meal
and acid phosphate cause large increase in yield.

No. 9933. Subsoil to 9932. Depth 10”-18”. This soil is reddish
brown sand. '

T. C. Speiglzts, Sabine County. Experiment 504. Plot is located
four miles north of Hemphill, on well drained upland. The surface soil
is uniform, moderately fertile, light red, sandy loam with a clay sub-

\

82 TExAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

’\‘1

soil. This land has been in cultivation for twenty years, and the aver-
age yield has been twenty bushels of corn an acre. Corn was planted
0n February 18, in four roW plots, four feet apart and forty yards long.
All plots Were damaged by storms and insects. Plot 2 was afiected by
especially unfavorable influences.

A. D. Winston, Smith County. Experiment 505. Plot is located
one-half mile north of Whitehouse, 011 Well drained upland. Surface
soil is a moderately fertile, red sand mixed with some clay, with a clay
subsoil. The land has been in cultivation for ten years, and the aver-
age yield is twenty bushels of corn an acre. Corn Was planted on
March 10 in one row plots, rows eight feet apart and 200 yards long.
The fertilizer Was applied by hand before planting. The plots Were all
cultivated alike.

H. D. Fargnhar, ll/Yzller County. Experiment 506. Plot located
eight miles southwest of Hempstead, on very well drained, gently slop-
ing, upland. The surface soil is a moderately fertile, uniform, sandy
soil with a clay subsoil. The land has been in cultivation for twenty
years and was formerly prairie. The average yields are 600 pounds
of seed cotton and eighteen bushels of corn. Corn was planted on
March 1 in four row plots, three and one-half feet apart and 315 feet
long. Fertilizer applied by hand before planting. All plots were dam-
aged by chinch bugs and bud worms. Stand was cut down from 105
hills per plot to seventy-eight by bud worms.

R. E. Leonard, l/Vise Coitnty. Experiment 507. Plot is located just
east of Rhome, on Well drained upland. The soil is moderately fertile
black clay and is uniform. The subsoil is a clay of lighter color. The
field has been in cultivation for thirty years and has been planted ‘in
Wheat and oats mostly. The average yields have been twenty bushels
of corn, one-half bale of cotton, and fifty bushels of oats. Corn was
planted on March 1 in five roW plots, three and one-half feet apart and
eighty-three yards long. These plots Were all planted and cultivated
alike. The plot was on Johnson grass land. Plots 1, 2, and 3 were
damaged by unfavorable influences.

Description of soil No. 9690. Depth 0”-8" or 9". This is upland,
moderate. Does not overflow. It produces ten to twelve and one-half
bushels of Wheat per acre. The land has been cultivated thirty years.
No fertilizer or manure has been used. Sticky, and poor yield in wet
seasons. Soil is black (slay, cracks, does not pack or run together,
crumbles on drying, produces fair stalks, and cotton does not die.

No. 9691. Subsoil to 9690. Depth 8'59" to 12414". This soil
is a brownish black clay.

Leroy C. Swanson, Wise County. Experiment 508. Plot was located
two and one-half miles southeast of Rhome, on well drained rolling
prairie. The surface soil is black, uniform, soil. The land has been
in cultivation for thirty years, and the average yield has been thirty-
five bushels of corn per acre. Corn was planted on March 25 in two

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. I . 83

row plots, three and one-half feet apart and 205 yards long. The
stand was poor, although it was replanted. This was caused by birds
pulling it up. The plots were all plowed three times and hoed twice.

Description of soil No. 11,306. Depth 0”-6”. Located two miles
southeast of Rhome, Wise County. This is rolling prairie, good soil,
no overflows. The land has been cultivated thirty-five years. No fer-
tilizer used on this land.. Soil black clay. Soil packs, runs together
and clods on drying. Plants produce good stalks in good seasons.
Cotton, corn, and alfalfa die. ,

No. 11,307. Subsoil to 11,306. Depth 6”-12". This soil is also a
black clay.

S. A. King, ll*'00d County. Experiment 509. Plot is located six
miles northeast of Quitman, on Well drained upland. The surface soil is
a very nearly uniform, moderately fertile sandy loam, with a clay sub-
soil. This field has been in cultivation thirty years, and the average
yield is twenty bushels corn and 400 pounds of cotton an acre. Corn
was planted on April 5 in four row plots, four feet apart and ninety
yards long. The fertilizer was applied by hand. All plots were cul-
tivated alike. All plots were damaged slightly by washing.

Description of soil No. 11,251. Depth 0'57". Located seven miles
northeast of Quitman, Wood County. This is upland, rolling, mod-
erately fertile. It produces sixteen to twenty bushels of corn per acre.
The soil is a yellowish gray sandy loam, runs together but crumbles
on dryfing. Plants produce good stalks and cotton does not die. Pro-
duces good crop in wet seasons if cultivated properly. '

No. 11,252. Subsoil to 11,251. Depth 7”-12”. This soil is a yel-
lowish clay loam.

DETAILS OF EXPERIMENTS——CORN, 1916

W. O. Berry, H 0mm; Angelina County. Experiment 510. Ten miles
south of Lufkin, Texas. Land is moderate and mixed in character,
has never had any legume turned under, nor any fertilizer used, produces
twenty bushels of corn and forty bushels of oats, in cultivation two
years. The land has been plowed shallow and poorly cultivated. Sur-
face soil is black clay, subsoil gray, with poor drainage conditions.
Land broken in December, corn planted on May 10 and harvested Sep-
tember 29, fertilizer applied by hand. Four rows per plot, three and
one-half feet apart and 140 yards long. Land broken in fall and
sowed in oats during the winter. All cultivated alike. Plot 1 did not
have so good a start as the others.

84 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Table 37.—Corn, bushels per acre, 1916.

 

 

-T A  ,_"c£ .

. _- ,2 W. _s as s3 s

s s 2 is s E .2 a a s a a i?

2 s as?» as 2s- 21s %

o. "5 5.41:5 54> mug 0.3 o g

- 2° 3 25s 2223223‘; 2 2e
° o. 2 Q23 w 12.33 Q3311 sag-C‘ :1 :72
z _ 9 OB o 0B‘ o2‘ L1 C1 0
a TF3 3 73 9'3 TE’. v T9. u a 7F. 0 a <2 =1 =3
g . 3 8 3g a 35s 8 v3 "f 3 v3 "3 5 3g
1: a? a a ~1~£ a- 28g a£§ fa” é’ -3~
'5 ‘E: 5 5 98¢ E‘: 8° 53° .5 8 33
s B‘ s s s“ s3 s33 s33 ‘o’ s s~
510 W. O. Berry, Angelina C0 .................. .. 17.1 23.6 17.0 24 1 24.1 25 1 23.0 16.1 22.6 24.6
511 Jeff McDowell, Colorado  30 0 34 5 32 0 36 0 33 0 36 6 40 4 32 6 46 1 47 0
512 D. Geo. M. Hiles, Colorado Co...  4 O 9 1 5 0 11 4 14 3 14 3 12 3 6 3 13 0 22.4
513 Ed. T. Cox, Eastland C0...........  5.7 11 4 10 6 9 0 7 1 7 0 7 6 8 9 11 9 .......... ..
514 J. J. Hair, Henderson  9.3 10 3 16 1 12 4 12 7 12 0 12 0 4 4 12.6 13.4
515 Robt. D. HalselLPalo Pinto Co. .... .. 21 4 21 0 24 4 27 0 24 4 25 6 24 0 26 1 2 6 20.1
516 M. Sloan, YVaIkeI C0 ......................... .. 32 4 33 7 37.0 39.0 41 6 44 O 47.0 48.1 5O 6 52.0
Average .................................... .. 16.6‘ 205| 15.5’ 22.7] 22.6 23.5 23.7 20.3 22.2 28.8

I

Jejj’ McDowell, Rock Island, Colorado County. Experiment 511.
One mile east of Rock Island. Land is moderate upland and uniform
in character, produces twenty bushels of corn, in cultivation five years.
Surface soil is a dark sandy loam, subsoil a clay. Fair drainage. Land
was fiat broken in fall and bedded, corn planted on February 28 and
harvested in August. Fertilizer Was applied by hand. Three rows
per plot, three feet apart and 140 yards long. All plots damaged by
a wind storm.

Dr. Geoj M. Iiiles, Rock Island, Colorado County. Experiment 512.
One and one-half miles south of Rock Island. Soil is moderate upland
and uniform in character, in cultivation several years. Surface soil is
a dark sandy loam, subsoil a clay. Fairly good surface drainage. Land
broken in January, corn planted hlarch 9 and harvested September 15.
Fertilizer applied by hand in furrow where corn was planted. Two
rows per plot, three feet eight inches apart and 640 yards long. All
plots were cultivated alike. Season was good.

Description of soil N0. 12,988. Depth 0"-8”. Located one and one-
half miles from Rock Island, Colorado County. This is uniform mod-
erate upland, rolling. Soil is a brownish gray silty loam, runs together
in wet seasons, in dry seasons mellows up and holds moisture well.
Soil packs, runs together, crumbles on drying and clods. Plants pro-
duce good stalks. -

No. 12,989. Subsoil to 12,988. This soil is a brownish gray silty
10am.

Ed T. Corr, Easiland, Eastland County. Experiment 513. Three
miles west of Eastland. Soil is moderate second bottom and uniform
in character, in cultivation five years, used as a truck patch and not
fertile. One crop of peas was turned under. It produces twenty bush-
els of corn. Surface soil is a sandy loam, very light chocolate in color,
subsoil is a good quality of clay. Drainage is fair. Land broken in
December, corn planted on March 24 and harvested on September 12.

Coornmrrvn FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 85

Fertilizer was scattered by hand, and mixed with plow. Four rows
per plot, three and one-half feet apart and 285 feet long. Land har-
rowed twice before planting, once after planting, and plowed four times.
All plots damaged fifty per cent. by drouth on account of late planting.
Plot 1 was outside and suffered worst.

J. J. Hair, Athens, Henderson County. Experiment 514.. Five
miles northeast of Murchison. Soil poor, hilly land, mixed sand in
character, in cultivation nineteen years. Soil stands drouth pretty well,
produces ten to fifteen bushels of corn. Surface soil is'a sandy loam.
Subsoil is a mixed yellow sand and clay two and three feet deep.
Drainage is good. Land broken in January, corn planted in March
and harvested in August. Four rows, four feet apart and 280 feet
long. Planted in middle breaker furrow and scratcher run over it after
coming up, then plowed every two weeks. All plots damaged by chinch
bugs, especially '7 and 8.

Description of soil No. 12,959. Depth 0'54". Located five miles
southeast of Murchison, Henderson County. This is uniform and mod-
erate upland and rolling. The land has been cultivated eighteen years.
No fertilizer or manure has been used. No green crop was plowed
under. Soil is a gray sand. Crops poor in seasons that are toowet.
Crop and soil are good with a little dryness. Plants do not produce a
good stalk. Cotton dies some.

No. 12,960. Subsoikto 12,959. Depth 4'58". This soil is a gray
sand. a

O. W. Haskell, lllineral Wells, Palo Pinto County. Experiment 515.5

Soil is a moderate upland, spotted in character, produces thirty-eight or
forty bushels of corn. In cultivation three years, previously in post
oak. Surface soil is a black and light red sand, some also dark. Sub-
soil is a red clay. Drainage is good. Corn planted on March 20 and
harvested September 8. Fertilizer was applied after crop was up by
opening a furrow and applying by hand. Two rows per plot, four
feet apart and 560 feet long. All plots cultivated alike. All damaged
by dry weather. _

Description of soil No. 12,961. Depth 0”-14”. Located three miles
west of Mineral Wells, Palo Pinto County. This is fairly uniform in
fertility, moderate rolling upland. It produces corn and cotton fairly
well. A part has ‘been in cultivation thirteen years, balance four years.
The only fertilizer used was that in an experiment last year. Very
little manure has been used butwith good results. Soil stands‘ wet
weather well if plowed and does fairly well if cultivated, shallow or
harrowed in dry seasons. Soil is a brown clay loam and packs in places
and produces good stalks. Cotton stalks do not die.

No. 12,962. Subsoil to 12,961. This soil is a brown clay loam.

M. Sloan, Phelps; Walker Cormty. Experiment 516. One-half mile
south of Phelps. Soil is a moderate upland, uniform in character.
In cultivation eight years. Produces twenty bushels of corn an acre.
Surface soil is a light sand, and subsoil a red clay. Drainage is good.

86 ~ . TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Land broken in December, corn planted March 24 and harvested Octo-
ber 2. Fertilizer applied by drill. Ten rows per plot, distance be-
tween rows seven feet, length of rows 140 feet. All plots cultivated
alike. None damaged by any outside influences.

Description of soil No. 13,184. Depth 0”-10”.A Located one-half
mile south of Phelps, Walker County. This is uniform, good land.
It produces thirty bushels of corn, and one-half bale of cotton per acre.
The land has been in cultivation eight years. The soil is a light brown
sandy loam, does not pack nor run together. It crumbles on drying.
Cotton does not die in dry seasons. The plants produce good stalks.

No. 13,185. Subsoil to 13,1841. Depth 10”-20”. This soil is also
a light brown sandy loam.

DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS——CORN, 1917

P. A. Raiwlings, Zllesqilite, Dallas County; Experiment 517. Farm
six miles southeast of Dallas. Soil is good and uniform, yields twenty-
five to thirty bushels of corn, one-half bale of cotton, and forty
bushels of oats, in cultivation thirty to fifty years. It is upland prairie,
between sand and black soils. Surface soil is a dark gray clay loam.
Subsoil is a clay. Drainage is good. Land was broken in December,
corn planted April 5 and harvested October 25. Fertilizer was applied
in furrow in front of planter. Two rows per plot 220 yards long
four inches apart. All plots were cultivated alike. One outside row
in plot 1 made nothing. Poor season for corn. '

Table 38.——C0rn, bushels per acre, 1917.

. . _.=' .
"s _ a — Ts

6' g 53.3’ a5 egg 5E1’ 6*

, *3 w ‘$.53 13-8 fiqf‘ ‘Se; "5
'3' a "E131; i» €$° '38 '56
U] "U U) mm U) a’ 171m , m:-
>, r2 2. was: :98 22s 2s s 28
"' - $3 *3 355‘? 355 3 "'5 8v; . E! 3%‘
3 no . o "on "c: .Bm no on m .5:
5 E E s‘ éiéfi 5% §§§ §§ ".5 E 53°,
E E E é 5"“ E“ .5” 3°‘ 5 5 §"
517 P. A. Rawlins,DallasCo ......... .. 12.9 12.9 12.1 11.9 12.9 12.6 12.3 10.9 9.9 i 11.3
51s J. A. D6361. Galveston Co . . . . . . . . .. 11.9 19.3 26.4 25.7 22.3 22.9 26.9 25.6 26.6 21.4
519 C.C.B0ek,JackC0 ............. .. 2.6 1.4 5.9 6.6 5.0 4.9 7.6 3.0 .9 .9
520 S.A.King,W00d Co ............ .. 18.1 20.6 24.7 25.4 23.9 20.6 23.9 25.0 37.0 29.4
Average .................. .. 11.4 13.6 17.3 17.4 16.0 15.3 17.9 16.1 18.6 15.8

J. A. Desel, Dickinson, Galveston County. Experiment 518. Soil
good and uniform, yields thirty bushels of corn. Peas and peanuts
have been turned under. The past four years the land has had a four-
year rotation system of onions, peas, corn, and peanuts. It has been
in cultivation twenty years. Barnyard manure has been used with
good results. Surface soil is twelve inches, and deep black wax. The
subsoil is a yellow clay, very tight. It drains well. Land broken in
September, corn planted on March 8 and harvested on August 20.
Fertilizer applied in drill and cultivated to mix fertilizer. Two rows

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 8'7

per plot, 420 feet long, four feet apart. All plots cultivated alike. The
season was very dry. Plots 3, 41, and "7 stood drouth best.

C’. C. Bock, Perrin, J aclc County. Experiment 519. Farm one-half
mile northeast of Perrin. Soil moderate and uniform, lOW valley land,
which yields eighteen bushels per acre, in cultivation twenty years.
Surface soil is a black loam, subsoil a light colored clay. Well drained
but practically level. Land broken December 1, corn planted on April
2 and 3 and harvested on August 20. Four rows per plot, seventy
yards long and four feet apart. Fertilizer applied by drill. All plots
cultivated alike. All damaged by hail. Plots 9 and 10 were affected
by hot south Winds and dry season.

S. A. King, Qnitman, lVood County. Experiment 520. Farm six
miles southwest of Quitman. Soil is uniform and mixed upland, in
cultivation forty yrears, produces fifteen bushels of corn an acre. Sur-
face soil is sandy and light red. Land broken in December, corn planted
March 20 and harvested October 13. Fertilizer applied by hand. Four
rows per plot, ninety yards long and four feet apart. All plots worked

alike.
DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS-{RISH POTATOES, 1911

lVill F. Lacie, Anderson County. Experiment 534.. Eight miles
southwest of Frankston. It is moderate soil, somewhat mixed, pro-
duces fifteen to twenty bushels of corn or one-fourth bale of cotton,
in cultivation about forty years. It is upland soil, slightly rolling,
with a light sandy loam surface soil and a red clay subsoil. Land not
previously fertilized. Potatoes planted March 1 and harvested June
2, 19.11, fertilizer applied with cotton planters. Two rows per plot,
three and one-half feet apart and 280 feet long. All plots were treated
alike.

Table 39.—Irish potatoes, bushels per acre, 1909.

. _=-> ,0“ ,_a>'5
£- s a s E s s as:
a .58 n’??? 41% °
2 2% 22s 95%
d "a i3 $8.9: '32?!
Z “c: w? w? '5 113E
h u: .5 .5.  ..-<  a .5.  ‘
32 l. ‘i u; 3s a s22
é i‘ 5 52 522 @322
‘g ° g 8*“ 8*“ 8*“
Q Z co m m m
521 Velasco,Brazoria. Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 32.5 32.5 40.0 26.1 33.2

522 Ennis, Ellis C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.3 29.3 30.0 31.1 32.8

523 Seabrook, Harris C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 72.1 114.3 149.2 158.9 123.2

524 Greenville, Hunt C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 15.3 12.5 17.8 18.2 12.5

525 Hempstead, Waller Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46.7 51.8 100.0 106.1 112.1

526 WiIIIISbOIO, Wood C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28.5 61.4 84.2 92.8 104.3

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 36.7 50.3 70.2 72.2 50.3

 

88 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.
Table 40.-—Irish potatoes, bushels per acre, 1910.
, .=i
#3 £5 a ~35 a s52‘ g
a e5 a as a s g s
. 8 8 3 8 3 8 8 2 4e E
:2 3 5?: ' 5.8-3 "355 i‘.
>, o no  7g 8 TE 8 g l?‘ 8 E p‘
8 I I e 3 a 3 =11» . 8 d mi B
~45 g: w . .4: ...c: m “on 3
h p; m m—' UJ_'..Q m-—<'-‘
° l5 l5 g 9 S 9 S S =9 8 8 3
E ‘Z8 é? g g <1 g 4n o: g v1 -~ :3]
CO CG C0 U‘) l!)
527 Frankston, Anderson Co . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33.2 39.6 88.9 98.9 117.1 . . . . . . ..

528 Eagle Lake, Colorado C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 30 7 48.5 35.0 38.6 57.1 50.1 . . . . . . ..

529 Sanger, Denton C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 12.8 12.1 20.0 17.8 17.1 ..' . . . . ..

530 Cuero, DeWitt C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 41.4 48.2 75.0 64.1 71.4 . . . . . . ..

531 Ennis_,Ellis C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 35.7 46.4 50.0 47.8 48.2 44.6

532 Donme, Freestone C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 8.2 7.8 10.3 9.8 11.1 . . . . . . ..

533 Thornton, Limestone Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 13.5 15.3 31.4 41.8 43.5 40.3 . . . . . . ..
Average ........................ .. 22.1 27.8 31.5 46.4 48.4 50.8 44.6
Table 41.——Irish potatoes, bushels per acre, 1911.
- .6
_' 4% .4 E8
. . S‘; _ 3 $3 . 8 *5‘
a 2 E s E E’. s E5
.2 .38 3'1“ “'8 °
e g a eg 2°, ‘é gs
. m 4-"1 m} '
e a e5 sea ass 
4-   8  8e‘: e  g
 a a   gas s44 s
B i? #3 i £8 25% 25% §
a é 2 a s” a s a
534 Will Lade, Anderson Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40. 0 70. 0 68.7 60.0 . . . . . . ..

535 James Calvert, Bexar C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 111.3 126.7 145.3 142.0 119.0 162.3 129.0

536 Edward Hart, Brooks Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 63.3 . . . . . . . . 77.0 86. 7 79.7 107.0 . . . . . . . .

537 E. C. Brown, Camp Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 7.0 . . . . . . .. 15 0 43.3 45.3 48.3 . . . . . . ..

538 T. M. Morris, Denton Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0 43.3 56.7 63.3 65.3 78.3 45.0

539 W. Rocker, Erath Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43.3 47.3 50. 0 86. 7 84.3 103.3 . . . . . . . .

540 J. T. Mallard, Falls Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 14.3 . . . . . . .. 23.3 50.0 62.3 67.7 . . . . . . ..

541 Sam Neel, Guadalupe Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53. 7 . . . . . . .. 67.0 88. 7 90.0 90.7 . . . . . . ..

542 H. Cloud, Henderson Co. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 33.3 . . . . . . . . 45.3 83.3 86.7 83.3 . . . . . . ..

543 J. H. Murphy, Hopkins Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 66.7 76.7 73.3 60.0 80.0 83.3 53.3

544 W. C. Elsenbach, Lee Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . _ _ _ _ _ , . . . , . _ . . . . 56.7 54.7 46.7 45.3 58.3

545 (LR. Lamar, Rusk Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 26.3 4.0 47.3 95.0 59 3 73.3. 26.7

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45.5 59 6 58.1 76.1 73.9 83.6 62.5
James Calvert, V an Raub, Bezmr County. Experiment 535. Land

located one and one-half miles west of Van Raub. Uniform soil, pro-
duces twenty bushels of corn or one-third bale of cotton. In cultiva-
tion fifteen years. The soil is loose and easy to Work, being lowland,
first bottom soil, and black land. Surface soil is black, eight inches
deep, with a light red subsoil, sticky in Wet Weather. Irish potatoes
planted February 25 and harvested June 3, 1911. Three rows, three
and one-quarter feet apart and 2'70 feet lono. Hoed once, cultivated
once, cultivated through the middles with sweep and once with three
shovels, making three cultivations in all. Plot '7 was damaged by
grubs. Harvested 105 pounds of small potatoes from all the plots also.

Edward Hart, Falfurriazs, Brooks County. Experiment 536. Ad-
joining the town of Falfurrias on the north side. The soil is uniform

v4.84 mgr‘; e Mai.‘-

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 89

in character, produces one bale of cotton or fifty-five bushels of potatoes.
In cultivation three years, one year in onions, one year in potatoes,
and one year in cotton. It is second bottom land, dark loam surface
soil with dark yellowish clay subsoil. Land broken in September and
harrowed during the fall. Mixed fertilizer did not give good results
on adjoining land, but cottonseed meal did. Potatoes planted Feb-
ruary 2 and harvested April 12, 1911. Fertilizer placed in bottom of
furrows eight inches deep. Four rows per plot, three feet apart and
14-0 feet long. Irrigated three times and cultivated twice with five-
tooth cultivator and twice with sweeps. The ground was kept as level
as possible. The potatoes were not quite matured when dug, and the
stand on all plots were practically perfect.

E. C. Brown, Pittsburg, Camp County, Route 5. Experiment 537.
Located two miles north of Pittsburg, on moderately uniform soil, which
produces twenty bushels corn and one-third bale of cotton. In culti-
vation from twenty to thirty years. It is level upland, with a light
sandy loam surface soil and a red clay subsoil. No fertilizer has been
used before. Potatoes planted February 15 and harvested June 15,
1911, in-plots of three rows, three feet apart and 300 feet long. Cul-
tivated three times by plowing. All plots injured by dry weather.

F. M. Morris, Aubrey, Demfon Coll-orig}, Route 2. Experiment 538.
‘Moderately uniform upland, producing twenty-five bushels of corn or
one-eighth bale of cotton, in cultivation thirty-five years. It was orig-
inally post oak and heavily timbered land. It is moderately rolling
land with a white sandy surface soil, fourteen to eighteen inches deep,
and a red clay subsoil. No fertilizer was ever used. Irish ‘potatoes
planted March 1'7 and harvested June 8, 1911. Fertilizer was applied
in drills before planting. Two rows per plot, three and one-half feet
apart and 320 feet long. All plots were put in fine condition, and
were well cultivated. All damaged by drouth. Did not have a good
rain from planting until digging. The plot that received the manure
was at a disadvantage on account of the dry weather.

W. Fucker, Lingleoille, Erath Cotmflb Route 1. Experiment 539.
Land located ten miles northwest of Lingleville. It is good uniform
land, producing one-half bale of cotton or thirty bushels of corn. In
cultivation twelve years. It is level upland with sandy loam dark sur-
Face soil and a dark subsoil. Barnyard manure gives good results.
Potatoes planted February 27 and harvested June 1, 1911. Two rows
two and one-half feet apart and 320 feet long. Land plowed early in
the fall and harrowed two or three times. Dry weather injured the
yield to a great extent.

J. B. Mallard. Rosebud, Flalls County, Ziouto 1. Experiment 540.
Irish potatoes planted February '13 and harvested May 1, 1911. Fer-
tilizer applied in drills ten days before planting and bedded on. . Four
rows per plot. forty inches apart and 11-1- feet long. Plots were plowed
twice and hoed once. There was an ant bedin plot 2. Plot 11 matured

90 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

better than the rest and there Were less culls. It was so wet that the
potatoes had to be dug early.

Description of soil N o. 51.00. Depth 0”-11”. Located five and one-
half miles east of Travis, Falls County, Powell survey. The sample
was taken from the southeast corner of a thirty-acre tract on the north
side of Powell league, 4800 varas from the bank of the Brazos river.
This is good bottom land, and has good drainage. It is brown in color
and is a sandy loam, locally known as “dark loam sand.” The native
vegetation is Spanish mulberry and beggar louse. It holds moisture
well in dry weather a11d does not pack, crumble, crack or wash. Dirt
washes onto it. It has not been fertilized either by green crops or
manure. The chief crops are corn, cotton, potatoes, peanuts and cow-
peas. Corn turns yellow in wet weather. The yield per acre is one-
half bale of cotton, thirty bushels of corn or 100 bushels of potatoes.

N0. 5101. Depth 11”-25”. This is a subsoil to 5100. This is a
yellow sandy soil, and does not contain hard lumps.

Samuel Aleel, Seguin, Guadalupe County. Experiment 541. Sandy
mesquite land, produces thirty bushels of corn or one-fourth bale of
cotton. In cultivation twenty years. It is upland soil with a sandy
loam surface soil and a clay subsoil. Fertilizer has been used with good
results. Potatoes planted February 2.2 and harvested May 6. Fer-
tilizers applied by hand in rows and harrowed in. Two rows per plot,
three feet apart and 280 feet long. Cultivated every ten days on the
level. Potatoes planted on plots 3, 4, and 5 were hurt some by heavy
frost after being cut the day before. The potatoes planted were mixed
and not true to name. ‘

C. H. Cloud, Zlf/zrrehison, Henderson Coimty, Route 1. Experiment
542. Located five miles northwest of Murchison, on uniform land,
which produces about twenty-five bushels of corn. In cultivation ten
years. It has made forty bushels in both sweet and Irish potatoes.
It is upland soil but what is known as table land, between Kickapoo
and Cra and Creamerland creeks, with a dark sandy loam surface soil
and a yellow sand subsoil. It was broken in the fall and again in the
first part of February. No commercial fertilizers have ever been used,
but stable manure has given satisfactory results. Irish potatoes planted
February 2 and harvested May 29. Fertilizer put in furrows and listed
light. Two rows per plot, four feet apart and 450 feet long. Plowed
three times and hoed once. Crops were all damaged by some kind of
a blight.

Description of soil No. 5098. Depth 0'56". Located three-fourths
of a mile north of Kickapoo creek and five miles south of Murchison,
Henderson County, R. Giles survey. This is nearly level upland,
slightly sloping to the northeast and is considered moderately fertile.
It produces 1000 pounds of cotton and twenty bushels of corn per acre.

The principal crops are corn, cotton, potatoes, and peas. No fertilizer-

has been applied until this year. The native vegetation is crab grass
and. careless weeds. The soil is a gray sand, which becomes very boggy

CooPEEATIvE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 91

in wet seasons and flufiy light in dry seasons. It does not pack, crack
or wash. The land has been under cultivation for two years. The sam-
ple represents forty acres of the farm. No green crops have been
plowed under, but a heavy application of manure gave fine results.

No. 5099. Depth 6”-12". Subsoil to 5098. This is a yellow sand.

I. H. Murphy, Jrlidgetualq, Hopkins Comm, Route 1. Experiment
543. Good, uniform land, produces fifty bushels corn or three-fourths
bale of cotton. In cultivation fifteen years. It was originally heavy
timber land and has a black sandy loam surface soil laid down by
overflows, with a black waxy subsoil. Land broken in the spring. Irish
potatoes planted March '7 and harvested June 10, 1.911. Fertilizer
drilled on each side of the rows aft-er planting. Four rows per plot,
four feet apart and 14-0 feet long. Land fiat broken in January, layed
off with shovel, covered with turning plow and cultivated with sweep.
The vines of the fertilized potatoes were much larger than those not
treated, and the tubers more numerous, but smaller than those not
treated. The treated potatoes came up very irregularly. Some ma-
tured in a month, while others in the same row weregreen when dug.
It is probable that the weather conditions did not give a fair test. The
stand of the rows was estimated at fifty per cent.

Description of soil No. 5959. Depth 0”-12”. Located six miles
south of Ridgeway, in the south part of the sulphur river bottom, W. M.
Work headright, Hopkins County. The sample was taken in the south-
west corner of I. H. Murphy’s tract of land. This is bottom, made
land, and is considered quite fertile. Formerly it was subject to over-
flow. It produces two-thirds bale of cotton and fifty bushels of corn
per acre. The principal crops are corn and cotton. The only fertilizer
that has been applied is that in the cooperative experiment of 1911.
The native vegetation is grass and wild onions. The soil is a dark
brown clay, which packs and breaks into clods in wet weather and is
loose and loamy i.n dry seasons. Small, irregular cracks, sometimes
fifteen feet in depth, are formed on drying. The surface drainage is
good, the underdrainage is not so good. The soil does not wash, and
dirt does not wash onto it. The land has been cultivated for fifteen
years. The sample represents fifty acres on the farm and thousands
of acres in the county. No green crops have ever been plowed under
and no manure has been applied. Good water can be had at twenty-
five feet.

No. 5961. Depth 12”-24". Subsoil to 5960. This soil is black clay.

W. O. Eisenbaclt, Gtddings, Lee Uozanty. Experiment 544. Located
three miles southeast of Giddings, on moderate soil, uniform in char-
acter, producing about thirty bushels of corn or one-half bale of cotton,
in cultivation about twenty-five or thirty years. It has a dark sandy
surface soil with a clay subsoil. N0 fertilizer used except barnyard
manure, which gave good results. Potatoes planted March 13, 1911,
harvested June 2. Two rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart
and 300 feet long. Plowed three times with a cultivator, four shovels.
First damaged by drouth and then by too much rain.

92 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

C. R. Lamar, Henderson, Rusk County. Experiment 545. Two
miles northeast of Henderson, on moderately uniform land, which pro-
duces ten bushels of corn. Cultivated fifteen years, but not continu-
ously. It is classed as Norfolk sandy 10am and is black when wet and
gray when dry, and has a yellow clay subsoil. Four years ago this plot
gave fine potatoes with a complete fertilizer applied at planting time.
Fifty pounds of nitrate of soda per acre were applied when in bloom.
Planted February 18 and harvested June 1, 1911. Fertilizer applied
by hand. Four rows per plot, three feet apart and 210 feet long. Patch
weeded over February 28, second harrow March 16. April 5, weeded
just before rain. April 10, three inches of rain in one-half hour. Land
washed and packed badly. May 1, cultivated with twenty-four-inch
sweep. May 1, sprayed with acetate 0f lead for Colorado beetle. Plot
1 had more humus than any other. Plants came up early and all grew
well from »start. Plot 2 had a ninety per cent. stand, but many plants
died during the season. Plot 3, stand ninety per cent., had a good
appearance during the season and had a better appearance than any
except plots 5 and '7. Plot 4, stand ninety per cent. Plot 5, stand
seventy-five per cent. Plants were vigorous all season and yielded
largest, finest and firmest of all plots. Potatoes smoothest and best
shaped. Yield of marketable potatoes not equal to the general crop,
which was fertilized more heavily, but they were better sized. Formula
is ideal but application should be heavier. A Plots 6 and '7 were planted
just seven days later than the others, as work was interrupted by hard
rain, which was followed by hard freezes for some days. Plot 6 had
fifty per cent. stand, but plants were weak and succumbed to every mis-
fortune. Rains injured them, work seemed to set them back and they
were easily injured by drouth. The Colorado beetle lived on them and
destroyed them almost entirely before the other plots were attacked.
Plot '7 used green stable manure with much litter, as all of the well
rotted manure had been used up. .Owner was afraid to put it under
the potatoes and put it on top and then covered it with dirt. Stand
twenty per cent. and potatoes large and watery.

DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS———TRISH POTATOES, 1912

T/Vrilliam, Lade, Frankston, Anderson County. Experiment 546. Lo-
cated northeast of Frankston, on moderately good soil, mixed. Produces
twelve to fifteen bushels of corn and one-fourth bale of cotton. In cul-
tivation with intervals for forty years. Upland, light sandy loam with
red clay subsoil and sufficient drainage. Irish potatoes planted Feb-
ruary .27, harvested June 4. Fertilizer applied by hand. Two ,rows per
plot, four feet apart and 280 feet long. Vines badly infected with bugs
two weeks before harvesting. The stand was damaged by excessive
rains and cold weather.

Description of soil No. 5945. Depth 0'58". Located eight or nine
miles northeast of Frankston, Anderson County, center of field south
from residence, G. B. Gray survey’. This is a sandy soil, locally known
as “Norfolk sandy loam.” It is hard in dry seasons and packs some

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTs, 1908-1917.‘ 93

in wet seasons. It cracks a little and washes a little, but dirt does not
Wash off. No fertilizer has been used, however. Manure on one-half
acre gave good results. The native vegetation is crab grass. The chief
crops are cotton and corn. One acre produces fifteen bushels of corn
or from one-fourth to one-half bale of cotto_n.

No. 5946. Depth 10”-20”. This is a subsoil to 5945. It is a white
sandy soil.

Table 42.—Irish potatoes, bushels per acre, 1912.

- .15
- a Ts s? s? B

. a .. _ ,_ ~09 ,d l‘! ,

g a, 3S 3E o E a a: ‘v 51 E o

g E g-o we fi-ct... '5 8'6 g '3

n. 1: n.$ '33 €$° "$83 a i

. E 3 Ea 8g 33% 83g ,3 p‘ 8

Q e g s: '51:: "313-3352 ‘a g '5'

g a o0 f, g r38 r28 282 22s a g a

L‘ o u; u; Odin 0O . _

<3 t,» t,» Z a Z2 i2 ‘leg Zgé 2 5 

g  g E =9. £Q ac 5o" g~o o3 § g

a 

CO
546 William Lade, Anderson Co. . 32.7 33.3 . . . . . . 63.0 71.3 63.3 74.3 _ _ , , _,
’547 S. L. Horne, Anderson Co. .. 38.3 46.0 39.3 65.0 97.0 80.7 96.3 . . . . ..
548 G. K. Cannon, Atascosa Co.. 18.3 15.3 27.7 42.3 80.0 62.7 65.0 . . . . . .
549 L.A.Hollis,DeWittC0..... 33.3 43.3 30.0 25.0 55.0 46.7 46.7 . . . . ..
ggOQIIE-‘gunllilefléonleyifian.     13.3 13.3 $4.0 12.3
1 . . ar er, onzaes o... . . . . 26.3 21.3 0.0 12.7
 %aI(phI1VIgItin,H%$Co.... 41.7 66.0 126.0 53.0 60.3 63.7 58.0 12.3
. . ‘e ann, ington

C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 102.0 103.3 104.0 151.0 160.0 188.0 171.7 113.0
554 H. C. Hansen, Wharton Co. . 102.0 72.7 89.3 62.7 72.7 67.0 71.0 . . . . ..
Average . . . . . . . . . . . .. 43.8 45.2 56.0 56.1 70.7 67.4 69.7 30.1

 

S. L. florne, Frankstow, zlnderson County. Experiment 547. Lo-
cated two miles east of Frankston, on moderately good soil of uniform
character, which produces fifteen bushels of corn and has been in cul-
tivation a long time. It has been devoted to corn and cotton growing
with cowpeas in corn occasionally. It is lowly situated upland of a
light sandy soil with reddish sand subsoil and good drainage. The
crop of potatoes was planted February 22, harvested June 6 and '7.
Fertilizer applied by hand in furrow beside the row. Three rows per
plot, three feet apart and 243 feet long. Land broken in January,
harrowed twice, cultivated once with “Denerie” cultivator and twice
with heel sweep. No manure was applied to plot 9, as the field was too
wet to haul across at the time for application.

G. K. (lawman, Loire, Aiasxzosa County. Experiment 548. Located
eighteen miles west of hllcresville, on moderately good and uniform
soil, which produces fifteen to twenty bushels of corn and 500 pounds
of seed cotton. In cultivation twenty-nine years. It was previously
covered with post oak timber and sedge grass. It is Orangeburg fine
sandy loa1n with a red subsoil having a clay foundation. Land broken
by January 1, Irish potatoes planted hfarch 6 and harvested June 10.
Fertilizer applied by hand, four rows to the plot, four feet apart and
140 feet long. All plots cultivated alike by thorough fiat cultivation
with a diverse cultivator. Plots 8, 9, and 10 were damaged. The
entire crop was damaged by plant lice.

94 Texas AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Description of soil No. 4310. Depth 0”-12”. Located in the south- I

east corner of Bexar County, one mile northwest from the corner, eigh-

teen miles from Floresville, S. J. Kenny survey, abstract 412, cert. 695, a

survey 136')’. The sample was taken 200 yards south from the north-

west line and fifty yards east of a ditch through the field. This is _

upland soil, moderately fertile and well drained. It produces one-third

bale of cotton and fifteen to twenty bushels of corn per acre. No fer- i

tilizer has been applied. The native vegetation is sage grass and post
oak. This is a dark brown sandy soil, locally’ known as “post oak
loam,” probably Norfolk fine sand. It packs and crumbles on drying.
It does not crack, and washes very little. Crops grow slowly in the
early spring. The soil is soggy in wet seasons. It holds moisture well
and crops grow well in dry seasons. The land has been under culti-
vation for twenty-seven years. The sample represents two-thirds of
the farm and one-thirtieth to one-fortieth of the county. No green
crops have ever been plowed under. Manure was applied ten years ago
with good results. Sweet potatoes rot in the ground. Formerly cotton
died. The land formerly produced much heavier yields.

No. 4311. Depth 12”-24”. Subsoil to 4310. This is a light brown
sand.

L. A. H ell/is. Edgar, Dell/tit County. Experiment 549. Located one-
half mile north of Edgar, on fairly uniform soil, which produces 500
pounds of seed cotton and twenty bushels of corn, and has been in cul-
tivation probably twenty-five years. It is black land with red clay
subsoil, and good drainage. Land broken in January, potatoes planted
March 9, harvested July 22. Fertilizer applied by hand. Two rows-
per plot, three and one-half feet apart and 400 feet long.

F. P. Dunkle, Lelia Lair-re, Donley Goztnty. Experiment 550. Located
one mile west of Lelia Lake. The soil is good and uniform, and pro-
duces fifteen bushels of corn, one-half bale of cotton, twenty bushels of
oats, and twenty-five bushels of kafir. In cultivation five years. It is
upland and has had a limited application of manure. It is a dark
sandy loam with a lighter sand. subsoil. Drainage good. Land broken
in» February, crop of Early Triumph potatoes planted April 8, harvested
July 24. Fertilizer applied by hand in furrow. One row per plot,
three feet apart and 510 feet long. All plots had the same treatment,
being plowed and hoed twice. The season was dry throughout, with
no rain in July. Crop was short on account of drouth.

Description of soil No. 7102. Depth 0”-12”. Located one mile
west of Lelia Lake, Donley County. This is upland, moderately fertile
but not uniform in fertility. It is used mainly for garden truck. No
fertilizer has been applied and no green crops have been plowed under.
The soil is a reddish brown sandy loam which does not pack. run to-
gether or clod. It crumbles on drying. The land has been under cul-
tivation for. five years. The sample represents three acres of the farm.

No. 7103. Depth 12”-24”. Subsoil to 7102. This soil is a red-
dish brown loam, lighter than the surface soil.

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 95

M. B. Parker, IIar/zr/‘ood, Gonzales County. Experiment 551. Lo-

cated four miles south of Gonzales, on moderately good soil, which pro~

duees fifteen bushels of corn and one-fourth bale of cotton, and has
been in cultivation fifteen years. The land is hilly. It is a light
sandy loam soil with red clay subsoil, and good drainage. Irish pota-
toes planted February 15, harvested May 8. Fertilizer applied by
hand. Two rows per plot, three feet apart and 373 feet long. Plots
were well cultivated. Season was unfavorable for potatoes. "

Ralph Martin, Katy, Harris County. Experiment 552. Located
four miles south of Katy, on moderately good land, part of it mixed
and the rest uniform. Produces seventy-five bushels of potatoes and
twenty bushels 0f corn. In cultivation five years. Previously prairie
land. The surface soil has a chocolate color with spots of white and
black, subsoil a reddish yellow clay. Drainage is good to excellent.
Three rows per plot, three feet apart and 187 feet long. Land culti-
vated February 8, disked and dragged. Part of crop was planted
March 4, the rest May 18. Harvested June 3 and June 12. Culti-
vated three times; stand perfect.

L. C. Leharnann, Brenham, ‘IVash/ington County. Experiment 553.
Located five miles west of Brenham, on moderately good and uniform
soil, which produces twenty-five to thirty bushels of corn, one-fourth
to one-half bale of cotton, and has been in cultivation from twelve to
thirty years. Previously post oak, black jack and hickory timber land‘,
and some black prairie land with a growth of sedge grass. The soil is"
black and gray with whitish subsoil on blackland and red on sandy
land. Fair drainage conditions. Land broken in November and De-
cember. Manure and cottonseed have been used with good results. Irishi
potatoes planted February 27 and harvested June 20. Fertilized by
hand. Two rows per plot, three feet three inches apart, and ninety-three»
yards long. First cultivated with harrow as potatoes were coming up;
next hoed lightly, and later given two plowings. Green Mountain pota-
toes were planted and the weights given were marketable potatoes.

H. C. Zlfansen, Dane/vang, lltharton County. Experiment 554. L0-
cated eight miles northwest of Markham, on uniform and moderately
good land, which produces twenty-five bushels of corn and one-half
bale of cotton. In cultivation fifteen years; previously pasture. It is
upland, sandy loam soil with clay subsoil and fair drainage. Acid
phosphate and potash have given good results on _corn. Land broken
December 15, potatoes planted May 1 and harvested September 20.
Fertilizer applied by hand. One row to plot, four feet apart and 560
feet long. Land was bedded in fall. Fertilizer was put between the
beds in the spring and the land rebedded on it. Plot 1 was an outside
row and the vines were shaded by cotton. Potatoes were harvested early,
as the season was dry and weevils were setting to work.

96 -TE'XAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT SrArIoN.

DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS WITH rnrsrr POTATOES, 1913

G. M. Thames, Paige, Bastrop Coimty. Experiment 555. Located
four miles west of Paige, on moderately good upland soil_, nearly uni-
form, which produces one-third bale of cotton, and has been in culti-
vation twenty years. It has a red loam surface soil with red clay
subsoil, and good drainage. Land broken in January. Fertilized by
hand at time of planting. Two rows per plot, three feet apart and 100
yards long. Cultivated with four-shovel cultivator April 1 and with
sixteen-inch shovel sweep stock April 21. Cold weather caused all plots
to grow slowly.

IDescription of soil No. 7129. Depth 0”-8”. Located four miles
west of Paige, Bastrop County. This is upland soil, moderately fer-
tile, but not uniform in fertility. Lot manure was applied in 1912
with good results. The soil is a red loam, which packs and dries into
crumbs. Plants produce a good stalk. Cotton does not die. The land
has been cultivated for thirty years. The sample represents ten acres
of the farm. ,

No. 7130. Depth 8”-18”. Subsoil to 7129. This soil is a reddish
brown clay.

Table 43.-—-Irish potatoes, bushels per acre, 1913.

. . . mi m-
Té - T: F w‘ T13 *-“

s  as’? s3 assess *5 .5

s a ssa; ss sss ss‘? s“ .8

o. ,6 no aw no avg Q .1‘

m w 5’ Q8 E5 a 5’ E13 5’ E’ N - 1:

5 .21 °° .:1 o a .21 o .2: 0g 4: o-g 3 E 3

Z ‘l s ass es ass ass s s s

>) .-4_ w  3 TE o F:  p TE o a E o m cw} A 'O

o o . . o . o .on o . . a >>

'5 l l o3 g cs m m a m cfl m . m m m F‘ _=

1;; s” 21° a m .1355 .35 "s53 wsfifi 3 vi ,,-,

s s "s s s sss ss ssssss s s s

s *6 o s s s“ ss s“ s“ s s s

Q Z Z co vi co co co co o: m co
555 G. M. Thames, Bastrop Co.. 24.0 24.0 _42.0 42.0 42.0 42.7 36.0 35.7 24.0 . . . . .. 18.7

556 J.W. Blackwell, Bastrop Co. 11.0 11.7 35.7 23.0 11.7 32.0 31.3 32.7 32.3 . . . . .. 30.0

557 O.J.Reynolds,Br0\vn C0... 51.3 65.3 78.7 74.0 74.0 74.3 87.0 79.0 66.0 . . . . . . . . . . ..

558 C.W. Stone, Cass C0 . . . . . .. 13.3 . . . . .. 38.0 38.3 43.3 42.3 48.3 48.7 126 7 . . . . . . . . . . ..

559 L. McDufiy, Hardin Co..... 1.7 6.0 13.3 28.0 29.0 47.3 50.0 37.3 35.0 . . . . . . . . . . ..

560 J. G. Henderson, Hopkins Co. 63.7 . . . . . . 89.7 81.7 145.3 105.7 101.7 97.7 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

561 A. Ryall, Jasner Co . . . . . . . .. 32.7 35.0 41.7 53.3 67.0 60.7 53.0 62 7 66.7 . . . . .. 62.0

562 John-F. Bennett, Lavaca Co. 33.3 30 0 30.0 31.7 30.0 31.7 28.3 30.0 26.7 . . . . . . . . . . ..

563 Clyde Simmons,Tarrant Co.. 13.3 26.7 28.7 39.3 26.7 40.0 46.7 53 3 43 3 . . . . .. 32 7

564 Frank Svach,WallerC0..... 16.0 14.0 21.3 29.0 47.3 51.3 52.0 _62.7 84 0 72.7 . . . . ..

565 L.L.M00re, Wharton C0.... 59.3 60.0 66.0 64.7 72.3 72.0 76.3 77.3 77.0 . . . . .. 34.0

Average . . . . . . . . . . . .. 291i 30.3 44.1 45.9 53.5 54.6 55.5 561 58 2 72.7 591

J. W. Blackwell, McDade, Bastroj) County. Experiment 556. Lo-
cated one mile from McDade, on good uniform, hilly upland which
produces twenty bushels of corn or one-half bale of cotton. It has been
cultivated about eight years, and previously was timber land. It has a
light gray sandy surface soil with red clay subsoil and very good drain-
age. Potatoes were planted March 1 and harvested June 1. Applied
fertilizer by hand. Four rows three and one-half feet apart to the plot
and 140 feet long. Plots 3 and 4 were damaged by gophers.

Description of soil No. 7254. Depth 0”-6” to 10". Located one-
half mile south of McDade, Bastrop County, Morteanes survey. This is
rolling upland, some part of which washes a little. It is uniform in

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 97

fertility and considered very good for “post oakf? It produces twenty
bushels of corn and one-third bale of cotton per acre. No fertilizer
has ever been applied until this year. Five years ago one shovel of
cow manure was used to each hill of watermelons. The soil is a gray
sand, some of which packs and runs together and the majority of which
crumbles on drying. The crop yield is good in Wet years. The soil
stands drouth very Well. Plants produce a good stalk. Cotton dies
in spots. The land has been under cultivation for about eight years.
‘The sample represents about three-fourths of the farm.

No. 7255. Depth 6”-10" to 12”-22". Subsoi.l to 725-1. This soil is a
mottled yellow and red clay.

D. G. Reynolds, Z ophyr, Breton County. Experiments 557. Located
four miles east of Zephyr, on good, uniform land, which produces one-
third bale of cotton or twenty bushels of corn. It has been in culti-
vation four years; previously timber land. This is a light sandy soil
with a stiff red clay subsoil. Drainage is good. Owner has used cot-
tonseed meal with good results. Potatoes were planted February 21

and harvested June 5. Applied fertilizer by hand. Three rows, three

feet apart per plot and 100 yards long. Fifty per cent. of all plots
were killed by a freeze ‘March 26. Rainfall was scarce.

C. W. Stone, Ilughes blprtngs, Cass County. Experiment 558. Lo-
cated one mile southwest of Hughes Springs, on poor and mixed upland-
It produces one-fourth to one-third bale cotton, and has been culti-
vated for forty or fifty years. It has light sandy soil with clay subsoil,

and good drainage. Land was broken in January. Fertilizer was used

in 1911 with poor results. Potatoes planted February 28 and har-
vested June 9. Applied fertilizer by hand. Six rows per plot, three
feet eight inches apart and thirty-five yards long. A very wet, cold
spring and exceptionally destructive bugs affected the crop.

Description of soil No. 714:9. Depth 0'56". Located one mile south-
west of Hughes Springs. This is rolling land, moderately fertile and
uniform in fertility. The soil is alight reddish brown sand, which
packs, runs together, and crumbles on drying. Plants produce a fairly
good stalk. Cotton does not die. The land has been cultivated for
‘forty to fifty years. The sample represents two-thirds of the farm.

No. 7150. Depth'0”-6". Subsoil to 7149. This soil is a yellowish.
red sandy clay. .

L. M cDufly, Stlsbee, H ardin County. Experiment 559. Located six
miles northeast of Silsbee, on moderately good and uniform hilly land,
which produces twenty bushels of corn. It is a dark coarse sandy soil
with white coarse subsoil, and has good drainage. Land broken in
December. Fertilizer never used before. Irish potatoes planted March
25 and harvested June 28. Fertilizer applied with cotton and corn
planter. One row to plots three feet apart and 210 yards long. All
plots were plowed twice. Potato bug injured all plots alike. This is
not considered a fair yield as some rotted in the ground before har-
vesting.

98 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

J. G. Henderson, Bir/liriyyhr‘, Ifoplc/ins County. Experiment 560.
Located ten miles from Sulphur Springs, on moderately good upland.
which produces forty to fifty bushels of oats, and has been in cultivation
forty years. Potatoes were planted March 5. Fertilizer was applied
by hand and mixed With plow. Three rows, three feet apart to the plot
and sixty-one yards long. Land had a cover crop before potatoes were
plantedf Plot '7 did not come up very Well and those that came up
did nothing.

Adrian Ry/dall, Jasper, Jasper County. Experiment 561. Located
three miles west of Jasper. It is a moderately g-oorl spotted land, which
produces fifteen bushels of corn or one-third bale of cotton, and has
been in cultivation twenty years, and was very productive at first. It
is a hilly, heavy dirt land with clay spots. Subsoil is white dirt and
rests on red clay. Land broken in January. Irish potatoes planted
February 28 and harvested June 20. Applied fertilizer in drill by
hand. (lire row to plot. several feet apart and 420 feet long. Plots
were prepared by breaking‘ flat and harrowing thoroughly. Potatoes
were planted on level ground and covered with disks, making a slight
bed. Plot 4 was in an old terrace which caused it to be better. All
plots were damaged by heavy rain storm in April.

Description of soil No. 7225. VDepth O”-9”. Located three miles
west of Jasper, W. Thompson survey. This is a hilly land, moderate
and uniform in fertility. It produces about one-third bale of cotton
per acre. No fertilizer or manure has been used and no green crops
have been plowed under. The soil is a yellow clay loam which packs,
runs together, and dries into clods. It is locally called “stiff dirt.”
In wet weather it is hard to keep open and loose. It holds moisture
in dry seasons. and does well where kept broken and stirred. Plants
produce a good stalk. Cotton does not die. The land has been under
cultivation for twenty-seven years. The sample represents seventy-five
acres or more of the farm and about fifty per cent. of the county.

No. 7226. Depth 9”-18”. Subsoil to 7225. This soil is a yellow
clay loam. ‘

John F. Be/nneii", HaZZefts/ville, Lawrca County. Experiment 562.
Located four miles south of Hallettsville, on moderately good land,
mixed, which produces fifteen bushels of corn or 400 pounds of seed
cotton. It has been in cultivation twenty-five years. It is second bot-
tom land, slightly rolling. It is light sand and clay mixed soil, with
red clay subsoil. It has good drainage. Land was broken in December
and January. Fertilizer has never been used. Irish potatoes were
planted March 28 and harvested June 1. Two rows per plot, three
and one-half feet apart and forty yards long. Applied fertilizer with
a distributer. Plot 8 was blighted worse than others. Nothing harmed
the crop excepting the dry weather.

Gly/de Swim-mans, Grapevine, Tarrant County. Experiment 563. Lo-
cated four miles north of Grapevine. Land is moderately good and
uniform, and produces 700 pounds seed cotton and twenty-five bushels

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 99

 
 
   
 
 
  

1| and has been cultivated twenty years. It has always produced
Well when not too dry. This is upland and has a dark red sandy
u with a stiff clay subsoil. _ It is Well drained. Fertilizer never has
 used. Land was broken January 1 and potatoes were planted
rch 1 and harvested June 17. Fertilizer was applied in furrow and
ed with turn plow. Two rows per plot, four feet apart and ninety
ads long. Laid off rows with ten-inch shovel and covered with same
’ 1 running about six furrows to plow out middles. Potato beetles
I aged all plots. Plots 1, 2, 3, and 4 were injured by cold.

rank Svach, B/roolrshire, Waller County. Experiment 564. Located
rteen miles north of Hempstead, on moderately good spotted land,
'ch produces twenty to twenty-five bushels of corn or one-fourth to
-third bale cotton. It has been in cultivation five years. Previously
was sour and wet." It is an upland gray sandy loam with a sticky
I subsoil. The drainage is good. Land broken as early as possible
vrChristmas. Fertilizer has been used with poor results on account
idry seasons. Irish potatoes were planted February 25 and harvested
e 2. Land was fertilized by hand. Plots had two rows, forty-two
es apart and 280 feet long. Plots 1 and 8 were attacked by potato
and by wet weather.
escription of soil No. 7237. Depth 0”-12”._ Located eleven miles
h of lBrookshire, Waller County, Houston & Texas Central Rail-
; survey, Section  The land is part rolling and part fiat. It is
erately fertile in good seasons, though notiuniform in fertility. It
yduces about one-third bale of cotton and twenty bushels of corn
- acre. From 100 to 250 pounds per acre of fertilizer have been
lied. In dry seasons 100 pounds per acre do best, and in wet
sons 250 pounds do best. Commercial fertilizer has been found to
t the crop in dry seasons. Lot manure gives good results. The
A is a brown loam, which packs, runs together, and clods on drying.

Wet seasons corn spoils and cotton rusts. In dry years the crop

ld is poor. Plants produce good stalks in good seasons. The land "

a been under cultivation for thirteen years. A green crop of Soja
ins and cowpeas was plowed under once with good results. The
ple represents 174-. acres of the farm.

'3 o. 72-38. Depth 12”-24”. Subsoil to 7237. This soil is a drab
y, slightly mottled with brown.

i . L. M oore, Whairton, W laiarton County. Experiment 565. Located
f mile northeast of Wharton. It is a good, uniform land, which pro~
es forty-five bushels of corn. It has been in cultivation twenty-
e to fifty years, and has been planted in corn and potatoes for the
t five years. It is a first bottom, light sandy loam soil, and there
no variation in the soil for twenty feet deep. The drainage is nat-
.1 and good. Land was broken in November. Fertilizer never had
n used. Potatoes were planted February 21 and harvested June 10.
e fertilizer was applied in drill by hand and mixed in with shovel
w. Two rows per plot, three feet apart and 363 feet long. Inten-

 

i broken in January, Irish potatoes planted on February 19 and harveste

100 TEXAS AGRIICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

   
   
   
   
  
   
     
   
   
   
  

sive shallow cultivation was given. The season was so dry that fer
tilizer could be seen when harvesting. a ;

Description of soil No. 7157. Depth 0”-13”. Located one mil
northeast of Wharton. This is a good bottom land, locally calle
“coney.” Cotton, corn, and potatoes are raised. No fertilizer has be
applied until the present crop. No manure has been used and no grey
crops have been plowed under. The soil is a pinkish red clay, whi-
paeks and runs together to some extent, but does not clod, and crumbl
on drying. Plants produce fairly good stalks. Cotton does not di
The land has been cultivated for thirty to forty years. ‘

No. 7158. Depth 12524". Subsoil to 71-57. This is a pinki‘
red clay like the surface soil. / i»

DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS WITH IRISH POTATOES, 1914

H. L. P. Smifla, Elgin, Bastrop County. Experiment 566. Locate
one mile east of Elgin, on good and fairly uniform soil, which product
thirty bushels of corn, and has been in cultivation fifteen years, bein
cropped almost continuously in corn. It is lowland bordering on a d i
creek. The- surface soil is a dark sandy loam made up largely of was i‘
ings from the slope above, contains a fair amount of humus, and i
deep. The subsoil is like top soil but heavier. Drainage is good. Lan

on June 19. Fertilizer applied by hand. Two rows per plot, four tee,
apart and 280 feet long. All plots had rows opened and covered wit-
shovel nearly level, then cultivated with sweep, throwing dirt on the
All plots damaged alike by wet weather. '

Table 44.-—Irish potatoes. bushels per acre, 1914.

- :2
. -Z   “if: IE5‘? _ "
3 f} 135g WE $88,311:. 
g 8 =e'u___ 3w: fig‘... g1: o g I
g. ‘c .2552 .23 g==>°n$g n.
_ o 3 E g 3 '5 g o g 3 8 g N q; 8 -
° ‘c’ E £35 i=3 ‘B25955. "r ‘a
z Q- 0 Q4349 5v» 9-» Q Q+>~ f5 91 p
m f2 :5 g8? g8rgégr<z8é g =1,
  2 2  2e  e 2
2 2 ~ ~ ~22 -2 ~22~22 .5 2 -,
a ‘=1 2 2 2~~ 2* 2“ 2" o ~ 2 ~
>4 Z m we m m m m Z 5i u: c
566 H. L. Smith, Bastrop Co . . . . . . . . . . . 53 68 89 81 94 95 112 63 96

567 W.IP.GC0lémp,VLUblZ)O6l§ C6 . . . . . . ..    12(7)    32 30

568 A. . ar en, an an t o . . . . . .. 17 52

569 M. K. Thomas, Van Zandt Co . . . . . . 18 21 l9 20 21 22 17 20

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 29 46 53 72 63 _ 60 58 32 66
1916 '
570 F. A. Martin, Baylor C0 . . . . . . . . . . . 25 37 45 54 62 51 62 ‘ 28 41
571 Walter S. Lawrence, Galveston Co. . 37 77 45 77 72 104 87, 39 77
572 Elmer G. Bryan, Lamar C0 . . . . . . . . 30 70 82 93 95 102 104 75 98
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 61 57 74 76 86 84 47 72

W. D. Cramp, Lubbock, Lubbock County. Experiment 567. Locate
ten miles northwest of Lubbock, on good and uniform soil, which pr’
duces twenty bushels of wheat, and has been inicultivation three yea _‘

  
    
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
   
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  

Ooornnrxrrvn FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 101

1 was used as truck patch. Land is in a depression, near a basin
Y receives washings from barn lots. The soil is a dark sandy loam.
inage good. Land was broken in February, potatoes‘ planted March
nd April 20, and harvested August 3. Fertilizer applied by cotton-
.» planter. One row per plot, three feet apart and 732 feet long.
jplots cultivated alike. Plots 1, '7, 8, 9, and 10 were of Triumph
‘ety and planted early. Plots 2, 3, 4., 5, and 6 were “laubonsia
iety and were set out later. v
. escription of soil 9382. Depth 0”-12”. Located nine miles west

1 three miles north of Lubbock, Lubbock County. It produces twenty
yhels of wheat. Lies northeast of a lake that holds water several
ks after a big rain. Southeast corner is right at the lake. Soil
f: , uniform in ‘fertility and has been cultivated for four years. Usually
v-a as a truck patch. No fertilizer was applied except in this experi-
't. I Soil is a black sandy loam. In dry weather if not cultivated,
ets very hard on top, but does not pack badly or crumble much on
fag, runs together somewhat, and clods to some extent. Plants pro-
 good stalks. *
_ o. 9383. Subsoil to 9382. Depth 12”-2-i".

 L. Gardner, Wills Point, Van Zandt County. Experiment 568.
gated one mile north of lVlyrrtle Springs, on moderate and uniform
land soil, which produces one-half bale of cotton, and has been in
ltivation thirteen years. Land was timber land with post oak, hickory
y: black jack. Land has been planted in cotton except for one crop
. sweet potatoes in 1913. It has a dark sandy surface soil and a clay
soil. Land was broken in January and Irish potatoes planted March
. Fertilizer was applied by hand. Two rows per plot, three and
e-half feet apart and 300 feet long. All plots were cultivated alike,
*- damaged by heavy rains, and had about one-half stand.

7M. K. Thomas, Wills Point, Van Za-ndt County. Experiment 569.
'1 mile south of Myrtle Springs. The soil is good and uniform, up-
yd hickory ridge. Produces one-half to three-fourths bale of cotton.
cultivation ttventy-five to thirty years. Land poor for oats, seem-
21y’ being too loose. Barnyard manure, cottonseed and mixed fer-
izers have been used. The surface soil is dark and sandy, needs
mus and is benefited greatly by any fertilizer or cover crop. The
bsoil is a clay. Drainage is good, very little inclined to remain wet,
birrigated. Land broken in early winter, potatoesplanted March 12
d harvested June 16. Fertilizer was applied in drill under potatoes.
_o rows per plot, three feet eight inches apart and 103 yards long.
, ll plots cultivated alike. Wet weather interfered with plowing, plant-
f: and cultivating. All plots were damaged by wet weather. Several
veet on the ends of plots 5, 6, and '7 were washed out.

" J. W’. H arr/is, Bryan, Brazos County. Experiment 5'73. Located ten
s iles north of Bryan on good and uniform upland. Average yield,
hree-tourths bale of cotton. In cultivation ten years. The surface
3.: is a good, deep, dark mellow sandy land with deep clay subsoil.

102 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

   
  
  
   
    
  
   
    
 
   
 
 
    
  
  
    
 

Drainage good. Land broken in January, Irish potatoes planted Fe
ruary 25 and harvested May 1». Fertilizer applied by hand. Two r0
per plot, four feet apart and sixty yards long. Low yield for né
country. i
Table 45.—Irish potatoes, 1915.

Laboratory
N0.

573 J. W. Harris, Brazos Co.
Nothing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
300 pounds acid phosphate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
400 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
300 pounds acid phosphate, 200 pounds cottonseed meal, 100 pounds nitrate of soda. .
300 pounds acid phosphate, 100 pounds cottonseed meal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
300 pounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal, 40 pounds sulphate of potash
$0 lpiounds acid phosphate, 400 pounds cottonseed meal, 100 pounds sulphate potash.
0t ng . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Twenty loads manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Acid phosphate, one load manure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

I5DQQQ)§UIQYUVU\CAQOO
QQ®NKOSOOKIO>®

DETAIL or EXPERIMENTS wrrrr IRISH rorrrrons, 1916

Waller S. Lauwenae, Kemalt, (faliveston County. Experiment 57
The soil is moderate and uniform lowland, producing thirty bushels o
corn per acre. ln cultivation three years; prairie three years ag
Cotton was grown the first year and corn since, though one crop o
peanuts was plowed under. The surface soil is a sandy loam, chocola
colored, the subsoil a yellow red clay. Land broken in December, potai
toes planted March 2-1 and harvested May 16 to 20. Fertilizer applie
in rows. Potatoes planted, covered with a little earth, fertilizer a;
plied and covered with dirt. One row per plot, two and one-half ‘fe
apart and 720 feet lo11g. Plowed by double shovel and harrowed twic
laid by with a buzzard wing sweep. All plots damaged by drouth. l‘

W. E. Zllarlin, Seymmtr, _Bag/Z0r County. Experiment 570. The so a
is moderate and uniform upland, producing twenty bushels of corn an,
one-third bale of cotton. ln cultivation twelve or fifteen year
Legumes have been turned under, though no commercial fertilizer ht
been used. Manure has been applied. with good results. The surfa
soil is a white sand and. subsoil a red clay Drainage fairly good. Po :3
toes planted February 1'7’ and harvested June 2. Fertilizer applied 4f
hand after planting. Two rows per plot, four feet apart and 280 -._ '
long. Land bedded January 15, shallow broken and harrowed 
ruary 15. All plots cultivated alike. 

Description of soil No. 13,728. Depth 0”-12”. Located just w]; i.
of Kemah, Galveston County. This is sloping to the northwest. 

N0. 13,729. Subsoil to 13,728. '

Elwwr G. Bryan, Sumner, Lamar County. Experiment 5'72. p.
cated near Paris, on moderate uniform, upland soil, which produces a? ,
half bale of cotton or twenty-five bushels of corn. In cultivation fo
years. N o legumes have been turned under nor fertilizer used. 
surface soil is a light sand, the subsoil a clay. Good drainage. L,

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERnvIENTs, 1908-1917. 103

broken in January, Irish potatoes planted March 23 and 21 and har-
vested June .28. Fertilizer applied by hand. Two rows per plot, four
feet apart and 2719 feet long. All plots cultivated alike. All rows
damaged on one end by a heavy rain. Season hot and dry.

DETAILS or iaxrnizrivinxrs wrrri IRIsH POTATOES, 1917

R. C. Collie, Cleburne, Johnson County. Experiment 5711. Located
three miles east of Rio Vista, on moderate and uniform upland, produc-
ing one and one-fourth bales of cotton. Cultivated thirty years. It
has a gray sandy surface soil and red clay subsoil. Good drainage.
Irish potatoes planted February’ 20 and harvested June 15. Three
rows per plot, three feet apart and eighty yards long. All plots were
cultivated alike. Fertilizer applied with planter. No plots damaged.

Table 46.—Irish potatoes, 1917.

. . .n .
, s - "s Tag T:
s s as’? as ass sé’ -
s s 21.11‘ 2s E€s 2s» 8%
s. s’ s," as as... s» ~36
.- s s  is as: s2? s: s2
z n. g Q31; n: 41.9% Q3 :1 is:
rs: :2 723's 28 28; .728 5 w»?
E" . s s 2.1.1 £11; 311s"? as . a es
4a . . . .-Q "-0 "Dun "Q b0 46:6
s  s s sis s; s25 s; 1%  s:
g *5 o o 032 o3 0914+ o3 *5 '-‘ "o:
.4 z 3 3 3 S; 5% 3 z s: ‘:3
574 R. C. Collie, Johnson Co . . . . . . . . . . . 7 27 40 80'  87 93 8' 53 73
57s M. J. Brewer, Palo Pinto Co . . . . . . . 111 12a 157 15s 157] 167 172i 172 17a 17s
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 75 99 117 1204 127 133i 90 113 123

M. J. Brezuer, Oran, Patio Pinto County. Experiment 575. Located
just West of Oran with moderate, uniform soil, which produces one-half
bale of cotton and thirty bushels of corn, and has been cultivated fifteen
years. It is second bottom land, with loam surface soil, and dark sub-
soil of a grade between sandy and waxy. Drainage good“. Irish pota-
toes planted about May 1 and harvested October 21, with four rows
per plot. ninety-nine yards long, and three feet nine inches apart.
lilertilizer drilled in furrow, then bedded. All plots cultivated alike.
Plots 6, '7, 8, 9, and 10 damaged by hogs. Dry season.

DETAILS OF nXPRRrMnNTs WITH SWEET POTATOES, 1911

Philip and Auqns-t Endler, Knm-tcn, Brazos County. Experiment 576.
Land is located twelve miles southeast of Bryan, on spotted land of
moderate fertility, producing twenty bushels of corn and two-fifths bale
of cotton, in cultivation three years. 1t is upland soil with a black
sandy surface soil and a red clay subsoil. With 100 pounds cottonseed
meal to the acre land made three-fourths bale to the acre. With eight
loads barnyard manure to the acre land made twenty-nine bushels of
corn. Sweet potatoes planted March 23 and harvested October 17, 1911.
Two rows per plot, three and one-half feet apart and 630 feet long.

104 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

They were hoed out and plowed three times. The Weather was too dry
during June, July and August for best results. _

Description of soil N0. 5937. Depth 0”-7”. Located twelve miles
northeast of Bryan. This is upland soil of moderate fertility and good
drainage, locally known as “sandy.” It produces one-fourth bale of
cotton and ten to twenty bushels of corn per acre. .The principal crops
are corn, cotton, potatoes, peas, sorghum, and peanuts. Fertilizer was
used with some effect. The native vegetation is post oak and Spanish
mulberry. The soil is a yellowish gray sand, which runs together and
on ‘drying crumbles and cracks. It washes in some places. Dirt does
not wash onto it. It has been farmed for twenty to thirty years. The
sample represents twenty acres of the farm. No green crops have been
plowed under.

No. 5938. Depth 7"-15". Subsoil to 5937. This soil is a light
gray clay.

Table 47.—Sweet potatoes, bushels per acre, 1911.

T; :5 .58
d a) d a
é fi sis d E a
s as s“ Ewe
g g3 e§ i’. s § s
g e e5 5.5% iii
g ._. co r2 r2 8 rs: 8-5 :2 8 s
L‘ - U - Q - M - -
8 t» to  3.8‘ ‘YB a 3.25’ a3
‘E .9. E § B; 5E5 5;; E
O -=l -= "o "co ~oo i:
g ‘Z8 ‘Z5’ g gwr gen-w ggfl g
Q (‘Q CG 9'5 CV)
I
576 Philip Eudler, Brazos C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 67.6 . . . . . . .. 338.2 370.9 473.4l 303 3 . . . . . . . .

577 H. M. McKee, Cherokee C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 38.5; . . . . . . .. 63.3 58.9 48.4l 76 7 69 1

578 l. C. Lambert, Freestone Co . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 90.9l . . . . . . . . 109.1 109.1 43.3; 27.3 . . . . . . ..

r 579 Jas. Martyn, Harris Co . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76.0 . . . . . . . . . 97.8 96.4 108.71 134.5 . . . . . . ..

580 F. G. Holekamp. Kendall C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 229.8 . . . . .  . 306.5 309.1 352.7 421.8 . . . . . . . .

581 J. C. Reese, Runnels (‘o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 76.4 130.9 78.5 54.9 49.5; 92 7 136 7

582 E. Bishops, llnshur (‘o . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2800i . . . . . . . . 240.0 309.5 389.81‘ 400. 0‘ . . . . . . . .

583 Lee Barnet, Wilbarger C0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2520i . . . . . . . . 247.0 283.0 242.1; 224.01 . . . . . . . .

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 138.9% 130.9 185.1 199.0; 213 5i 210.0 102 9
|

A. M. Jllelfee, Mt. Sal-man, Cherokee County. Experiment 577. Lo-e

cated one-half mile southwest of Mt. Selman, on uniform upland soil,
producing" about fifteen bushels of corn, and in cultivation about fifteen
yfears. It has a light sandy surface soil and a yellow clay subsoil.
Sweet potatoes set out July 15 and harvested November 25. Two rows
per plot, four feet apart and 335 feet long. After the vines were set
out there were five weeks of dry weather.

J. C. Lambert, Teague, Freestone County. Experiment 578. Located
on uniform land, laroducing from twenty to thirty bushels of corn and
from one-third to one-half bale of cotton. In cultivation six years.
It is upland soil. with a light sandy surface soil and a yellow clay sub-
soil. Land broken in January, sweet potatoes planted April 20 and
harvested November 20. Four rows per plot, three and one-half feet
apart and 160 feet long. Land broken in January, listed with four
furrows in March, harrowed off just before planting, and then culti-
vated light every "ten days until vines became too rank. He had some

I

I  

   
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
   
   
   

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 105

 dry weather 'but on account of continuous cultivation the potatoes
_n1ed not to suffer, and made the rankest growth of vines ever seen
} the land, but practically failed in producing potatoes.

James Martyn, Seabrook, IJWITTtS County. Experiment 5'79. Sweet
tatoes planted June 22, 1911, harvested November 15. One row per
'_ t, four feet apart, 300 feet long. All plants were damaged the same
i. weevils. "

IF. G. Holekamp, Comfort, Kendall County, Route 1. Experiment
0. Good, uniform soil, used in. cultivation five years; cotton two
tars, sorghum two years, and corn one year. It is hilly land with a
ark loam surface soil and a red clay subsoil. Sweet potatoes planted
2 ne 9, 1911, and harvested October 24, 1911. Two rows, four feet
"art and 280 feet long. The crop was grown by irrigation, water from
' well being pumped between the rows. Four applications of water
 made during the season. '

, J. C. Reese, Ballinger, Runnels County. Experiment 581. Land
1 ated two miles south of Ballinger, on moderate soil, in cultivation-
s" years; too dry for the yield of crops. Surface soil is a white sand,
i» the subsoil is a red clay. Cattle have been grazed on the land,
pd there is some manure scattered over it. Sweet potatoes planted
pay 18 and harvested in November. Three rows, four feet apart and
_l feet long. ' -

l’ Eugene Bishop, Gilmer, lllpshur County. Experiment 582. Land
in ated four and one-half "miles east of Gilmer, producing one-half bale
f cotton or twenty-five bushels of corn. In cultivation six years, for-
~ erly timbered land. It is upland soil with a sandy loam surface soil.
ght in color, and a clay subsoil. Sweet potatoes planted April 12
nd harvested October 1'7. Two rows per plot. three and one-half feet
I, art and 330 feet long. Land bedded three times, in January, in Feb-
ary, and in March. A good rain fell after the plants were set. There
‘ias no more rain until July '7, and the season was unfavorable.

i‘ Lee Barnett, Vernon, l/Vilbarger County. Experiment 583. Land
reduces one-half bale of cotton. In cultivation about twenty years.
pland soil with a. sandy loam surface soil, light in color, underlaid
 ith a clav at the depth of about thirty inches. Sweet potatoes planted
,3 ay 9 and harvested October 24, 1911. Three rows, three and one-
puartcr feet apart and 2-70 feet long. Irrigated three times. Plot 5,
which yielded 6'70 pounds, did not get as much water as the others.
Owner thinks that the total yield would have been much greater had
he irrigated another time. .

Description of soil No. 4603. Depth 0”-12". Located three-fourths
mile southwest of Vernon, Wilbarger County, in the east of the north-
west quarters of block 20, Texas favorite addition to Vernon. The
land is good upland, It produces one-half bale of cotton per acre.
‘Cotton, sorghum and fruit are the principal crops. No fertilizer has
been applied. Mesquite grass is the native vegetation. The soil_is a

106 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

brown sandy loam which sometimes in Wet seasons forms a crust that
prevents a good stand. It stands drouth well. The soil is friable,
d.oes not pack or wash, but it blows to some extent. lt has been culti-g
vated for about twenty years. About one-half the county is similar
land. No green crops have been plowed under and no manure hast
been used. a

No. 460-1. Depth 12”-24". Subsoil to 4603. This soil is a reddish‘
brown sand. The subsoil at 24”-30" is a heavy red clay, sometimes,
mottled with yellow, which is easily permeated by water. 

DETAIL OF EXPERIMENTS WITH SWEET POTATOES, 1912

S. C. Folsom, JI/I0und, Cory/ell Cozanty. Experiment 584. Located
one-half mile east of Mound, on moderately good land, which produces?
one-half to one-third bale of cotton per acre. In cultivation twelvej
to fifteen years. It is second bottom land, with a light loam‘
surface soil, and good drainage conditions. Sweet potatoes planted
in hlay and June, harvested November 5. Fertilizer applied by handf
Three rows per plot, three feet apart a11d 175 feet long. It was cone
tinuously cultivated from March 1 to July 1. Plots 8 and 9 were

damaged during" growing season and 5 and *7 also were damaged. There ‘l
was no rain from time of planting until October. The season being

very dry, this is not considered as a fair test.

Table 48—Sweet potatoes, bushels per acre, 1912.

.-‘ ,1: _cu _<u-u ,0 o .

=5 5's 2 E1 s a :2 E a a E! ‘l =1

*5 E as as.» ass as? §

f1 s a“ es a" s esfi ~

_ v1 o o Q 8 Q o gel 8‘ c: w ‘f3

Q g é‘ '33? ‘Ex? €§§ fififi '5.

a T P54 § E3 ~11. 3 15 937?. é s??? E}

E u: =° “'3 “ti? 2.3 “l3 vi 2.3.5’ o.‘

3 5 .3 .3 B; B; .525 5;; .5

g f‘; -—' '- so "o ‘goo goo s‘

=6 ° g g ow 8* oqw” ow“ o
a-‘l Z co <21 co so m co <11 V
584 S. C. Folsom, Coryell C0 . . . . . . .. i 175.0 240.0 185.4 218.2 130.9 160.0 141.8 147.3
585 .1. A. Phillips, Gregg C0 . . . . . . . . . 70.0 120.0 140 0 149.8 130.0 90.0 90. 140.0

Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 42.5 180.0 102.7 184.0‘ 130.5 125.0 115.9 143.7 i

J. A.. Pi/iillips, Gladewater, Gregg County. Experiment 585. L0-

cated five miles north of G-ladewater, Gregg County, on good sandy 

land of uniform character, which produces fifty bushels of corn. In

cultivation twenty-five years. It is sandy upland soil with clay sub- 
soil. Sweet potatoes planted in May, harvested in November. Two‘

rows per plot, four feet apart and 280 feet long. The plots were flat

broken, bedded out with turn plow, fertilizer scattered in furrow and '

listed on.
Description of soil No. 7114-. Depth 0"-10". Located five miles

north of Gladewater, Gregg County, Texas. This is rolling upland,
which slopes to the south, and is known as “East Texas sandy land.”
_It is moderately fertile and uniform. It produces twenty to twenty-

 

COOPERATIVE Flairrrtrziau PlXrERrirENTs, 1908-1917’. 107

five bushels of corn per acre and seventy-five to 100 bushels of potatoes.
Three hundred pounds of fertilizer per acre Were applied in 1911.
Five to six loads of manure per acre Were used in 19.1.0 and 1911, but
the crops burned up on account of d rouths. No green crops have been
plowed under. 'l"liis is a yellow sandy’ soil. lt packs, runs together
and ciuiiibles on (lryingi. 'l.‘he crop yield is average in Wet years, but
the soil does not stand drouth Well. Plants produce good stalks.
Cotton docs not die. The land has been under cultivation for thirty
years. The sample represents practically all the farm and seventy
per cent. of the county. y

No. 7115. Depth 10524". Subsoil to 7111i. This soil is a yellow
clay.

DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS WITH swnnr POTATOES, 1913

R. O. Games, (Veg/dc, Calhoun County. Experiment 595. One mile
West of Clyde, on moderately good, mixed land, Which produces seventy-
five bushels of sweet potatoes, and has been in cultivation siX years.
It is a small valley in upland, and has a dark sandy soil, with red and
yellow clay subsoil. No fertilizer used before. Planted sweet potatoes
May .16 and harvested October 8. Fertilizer distributed in listed fur-
row by hand and four furrows thrown on with two-horse turn plow.
Two rows, five feet apart per plot and eight-y yards long. Set in beds
thirty inches apart. Diverse cultivator and spring tooth harrows used.
Dirt thrown back with turn plow once and hoed twice. Cut worms
and dry weather injured all plots. _

Description of soil No. 7131. Depth 0'56". Located one mile west
of Clyde. Calhoun County, B. B. B. & C. survey’, Section 61. This is
level valley upland, lower than the surrounding land, and is considered
good. lt is uniform in ‘fertility. lt produces one-half bale of cotton
and seventyi-five to 100 bushels of potatoes per acre. Cotton, potatoes
and. beans are grown. No fertilizer has been applied. About ten loads
of manure per acre have been used. This soil is a grayish brown sand,
which does not pack, run together or clod. It is locally called “blue
clay pocket sanr .” In ver_v wet seasons the yield is not so good. In
average dry years the yrielrl, is better than in wet. A good crop is made
with twenty-tive-inch rainfall. Plants produce a good stalk compared
with the local vegetation. Cotton does not die. The land has been
under cultivation for eight years. The sample represents five acres of
the farm and possibly .150 square miles in the county. No green crops
have ever been plowed under. * v .

No. "7132. Depth 6”-18". Taken where clay comes to siX inches
of surface. Subsoil to 7131. This soil is a gray mottled with blue
clay and sand.

No. 713:3, Depth 6”-18”. Subsoil to 7131 where clay does not come
to siX inches of the surface. This sample is a grayish brown sand and
clay.

108 TExAs AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATIOhT.

Table 49.—Sweet potatoes, bushels per acre, 1913.

. 4s
._r ._: ._:-=' 4g
. __: “n65 ‘a! n3 .32”)

.3 s 85E 23 8991.253 0

Q- 1: n<v° no o.» 0.4.13 -

. 8 8 8E3 8S 823 82101 - "v

o .=: g 4:100: 4:13 neg sg-g 3 3

z o. o 12.33;; o.“ 0.3a :z_,_, a g

4, r2 z: teas r28 7282285 a g

s ' .1. .... 3 3 s22  E e

s s s 8 s 2;; s’; s;== 2;" s 8

é i,» =3» ; ; ;se ;s ;as;s§ s ;

.4 z z 3 3 3 8 3 S3 S. a

| ' ‘ 1
08001.0. 00000000110000 o0 ........ .. 2422i 229.1 218.21 2089i 220.0 200.9 200.4 282.2! 200.0 229.8
087 S.L.Bryant,FreestoneCo ....... .. 2~8.o 403.3 288.0; 234.9 220.1 808.4 300.0 480 1: 400 0 829.8
588J.R.Walker,Lama1-Co ......... .. 03.0! 84.0 88.0, 91.0 08.4 00.1 92.0 140.8 110.2 70.7
589E.H.Wat,son, P011400 .......... .. 108011740 122.0: 107.8 109.3 107.3 18101498 198.4 .... ..
590E.E.Jorda.n,Tr1n1tyC0 . . . . . . . . . .. 54.5 52.7 78.2‘ 114.5 65.5 109.1 105.5‘~ 110.2‘ 101.8 110.9
N l | l

Average .................. .. 100.4‘ 188.7 149.1! 101.4 147.7 180.2 189.9} 2340i 213.1 180.8

SmnueZ L. Bryant, Teague, Freestone County. Experiment 587.
Located one mile west of Teague, 0n moderately good, uniform, second
bottom, which produces fifteen bushels of corn and one-third bale of
cotton. In cultivation forty years. Previously timber land. It is a
light sandy loam soil with light clay subsoil. Drainage is very good.
Land broken in February. Fertilizers used With good results. Sweet
potatoes planted May 6 and harvested October 25. Fertilizer applied
by hand. Four rows, three feet six inches apart per plot and fifty-two
yards long. All plots treated alike, being cultivated with shovel and
heel sweep. . '

Description of soil No. 7250. Depth 0'56". Located one mile- west
of Teague, Freestone Countv, Texas. Brewer survey. This is second
bottom land, very nearly uniform in fertility. lt produces fifteen bush-
els of corn, fifty to seventy-five bushels of potatoes, and one-fourth to
one-third bale of cotton per acre. The soil is a brown sand. The cron
yield is light in wet seasons and better in dry. The soil does not pack
or run together. Plants produce an average stalk. Cotton does not

/~

die. The land has been cultivated for forty to fifty years. The sample

represents fifteen to twenty acres of the farm and a small part of the
county. -
No. 7251.. Depth 6”-1.‘§”. Subsoil to 7250. This soil is a gray

sandy soil.

J. 1i’. Walker, Blossom, Lainzar County. Experiment 588. Located
six miles northeast of Blossom, on moderately good. uniform upland,
which produces one-half bale of cotton, and has been in cultivation
twenty YQHTS. It is a light sandy soil with sandy subsoil grading into
clay. Surface drainage is good. Sweet potatoes planted June 8 and
harvested Cotober 30. Fertilizer applied with cotton planter, four rows,
four feet apart per plot and .291 feet long. Flat broken in February,
bedded and rebedded twice, the last‘ time about two weeks before plant-
ing. Cultivated three times. Dry weather caused almost a failure.

Description of soil No. 7173. Depth 0'36", and in another place
0"-12". I1ocated northeast of Blossom, Lamar County, W. F. Wright

 

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 109

survey. This is rolling upland, and is considered moderately fertile.

' It produces one-half bale of cotton and about twenty bushels of pea-

nuts per acre. No fertilizer has been applied. This is light brown
sandy soil. In wet seasons it holds too much water, but it stands
drouth well. It packs, runs together if flat plowed, and crumbles on
drying. Plants produce a medium stalk. Cotton does not die. The
land has been under cultivation for twenty-two years. The sample
represents nine acres of the farm. *

No. 7174.. Depth 6”-12", and in a second place 12”'-2~1”. Subsoil
to 7173. This is a yellow, mottled with red, sandy clay.

E. H. Watson, Leggett, Polk 'Oo1onty. Experiment 589. Located
one and one-half miles from Leggctt, on moderately good and uniform
land, which produces fifteen bushels of corn or one-fourth bale of cotton.
1n cultivation twenty years. 1t is lowland, and has a dark colored
surface soil with yellow clay subsoil. Poor drainage. Land broken
on first of November. Sweet potatoes planted June 20 and harvested
November 15. Fertilizer applied by hand. Six rows, three feet apart
per plot and seventy yards long.

Description of soil No. '7163. Depth 0”-12". Located one and one-
half miles east of Leggett, Polk County. This is second bottom land,
and is considered moderately fertile. The soil is light brown and
sandy and is locally known as “chinney dirt.” It runs together, gets
hard, and forms into clods on drying. Plants do not produce a good
stalk. e Cotton does not die. The land has been under cultivation for
thirty years. The sample represents three acres of the farm-and one-
fourth of the county.

No. 716-1. Depth 12524:". Subsoil to 7163. This soil is also light
brown and sandy.

DETAILS OF EXPERIMENTS WITH SWEET POTATOES, 1914

C. H. M organ, Pleasanton, Atascosa County. Experiment 591. Lo-
cated four miles west of Jordanton, on moderate and uniform soil, cul-

‘tivated for two years. The soil has been neglected and weeds grew

well. It is second bottom land, dark sandy soil with hard, white,
sandy subsoil. Good drainage. Land broken in January. Sweet pota-
toes planted April 17 and harvested November 2. Fertilizer mixed
well in bottom of rows. Two rows per plot, three and one-half feet
apart and 260 feet long. Land broken eight inches deep in January.
All plots were cultivated alike and were equally damaged by rot. Only
eighty feet of each plot harvested (for which allowance is made i.n
table). Season very wet.

110 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Table 50.——Sweet potatoes, bushels per acre, 1914.

-Q
. . ._ _§.';
, T5 - "s "s; s"

a E as’? =35 335255‘ g

d g m-Uw "£1; téwggge as

'§ "c: "E8? "585 "E83 9,92 '53

z s: s  2s 3525s?  :3

._. a; .._.o "so ,,_, ._. ~-—< w.

2 . a s s39. 3.; sissaa . s as
o b0 . "-0.12 .42 .00; w-Q-Q b1] m .63
1S’ :1 m v3 m'"—' w" <b"".Q 19"" c: "U mg

n. '~ g g goo go so" goo -- <9 g
3 é o o cs2 o3 33s as: i» 2 gs

,3 Z 3 3 E55 3 S % z S m
590 C. H. Morgan, Atascosa Co . . . . . . .. 203.7 219.6 210.0 216 3 202.1 228 7 220 8 207 9 . . . . . . . . . . ..
592 W. R. Durnell, Houston Co . . . . . . .. 229.6 265.4 230 4 253.9 235.0 255.7 25 .9 254.9 350 0 353 5
593 H. D. H0ward,J0hns0nC0 . . . . . . .. 82.1 80.0 106 8 110. 117.9 114. 120.4 99.3 . . . . . . . . . . ..
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 1718 188.3 2004 193.6 183.0 199.6 208.0 187.4 350.0 353.5

1915

594 S.C.Fols0m,C0ryellCo . . . . . . . . . .. 141.4 207.1 185.7 235.7 207.1 250.0 257.1 153.6 * *
595 G.E.Cunyas,Gregg C0 . . . . . . . . . .. 255.4 319.3 313 9 422.1 422.1 476.4 569.8 216.1 . . . . . . . . . . ..
596 W.N.Magee,TrinityCo . . . . . . . . .. 150.0 172.5 178.2.165.0 210.0 190.0 210.0 152.9 155.0 164.3
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 183.9 232.6 225.9 274.3 279.1 305.5 345.6 174.2 155.0 164.3

*Burntup.

W. R. Dnrnell, (ilrapelancl, [Tension County. Experiment 592. Lo-
cated six miles south of Elkhart, Texas, 0n good and uniform upland
soil, which produces about thirty bushels of corn per acre. In culti-
vation three years. The soil is heavy gray mixed sand and loan], the

subsoil is red clay, about fifteen inches below surface. Good CIPHIIIHQQ.‘

Land broken in November, sweet potatoes planted on May l3 and har-
vested -on November 13. Fertilizer applied by hand. Plowed eight
inches deep in November, sowed in oats, which Were plowed under in
spring. Listed and relisted and planted reasonably flat. Three rows
per plot, three feet two inches apart and seventy yards long. All plots
cultivated alike. None damaged by storm or insects. Heavy rains in
spring‘. No rain from early in May to July 25.

H. B. Hotuard, Al/ziamdo, Johnson County. Experiment 593. Lo-
cated four miles west of Alvarado, on good and uniform upland soil,
which produces one-half bale of cotton. In cultivation two years. Soil
is a dark loam with sandy subsoil. Drainage is good. Land broken in
December, sweet potatoes planted May 15 and harvested October .1.
Fertilizer applied by drill. Three rows per plot, three and one-half
feet apart and seventy-five yards long. Land broken flat. No plots
damaged. q Plots 8, 9, and 10 were on the best soil. The season was dry.

DETAILS or EXPERIMENTS WITH snunzr POTATOES, 1915

S. C’. Folsom, Mound, (Jory/ell County. Experiment 594. Located
one and one-half miles east of Mound. Soil moderate and uniform in
character, producing one-half bale of cotton. In cultivation fifteen

‘years and reasonably productive. Second bottom land. The soil is

dark with good drainage. The plot was located where the black soil
and sand come together. Land broken in November and again in
March, sweet potatoes planted in May and June. Fertilizer applied

O

  
   
   
   
    
  
  
  
   
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
   
    
   
  

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 111

i! hand in deep cutter furrow. Four rows per plot, three and one-half
eet :-rpzu't and forty-six yards long. All plots cultivated alike. One
ain .in August. All plots damaged slightly by tropical storm.

1 Description of soil No. 11,396. Depth 0”-6". Located one-half mile
prom Mound, Coryrell County. This  second bottom land of Leon
- F iver; fertile. It produces thirty or forty bushels of corn or from
ne-half to three-fourths bale of cotton per acre. N0 fertilizers had
Len used. Soil becomes sticky in Wet seasons and hardens in dry
y yasons. Soil is a dark gray sandy loam, which packs and elods Plants
roduee good stalks, but cotton dies in places.

~G. C. Curyas, Longriew, Gregg County. Experiment 595. Located
ven miles east of Kilgore, on moderate and uniform upland soil. In
tivation forty years. Cultivated continuously since cleared. Pro-
ees average yield of ten bushels of corn. The surface soil is a sandy
_m, light in color. The subsoil is a red clay. Commercial fertilizer,
onseed meal and home mixture of phosphates and cottonseed meal
i} been used with good results. Land about exhausted by cotton.
__eet potatoes planted May 22 and harvested October 28-29. Four
 per plot, three and. one-half feet apart and ninety yards long.
i-tivated three times with sweeps. None of the plots were damaged.

"N. Zllaigee, Gro-vefon, Trinity County. Experiment 596. Located
i= miles from Groveton, -on good and uniform soil, which produces
rty bushels of corn. In cultivation three years. The soil is second
10m. The surface soil is a sandy loam, the subsoil a yellow sand,
in good drainage. No fertilizer used before on this soil. Sweet
toes planted June 7 and harvested November 10. Fertilizer ap-
d in drill June 6 and plants set out June '7. One row per plot,
'e and one-half feet apart and 300 feet long. Plots flat broken and
owed four times, and worked well. A portion of experiments was
owed and badly Washed.

DETAIL OF EXPERIMENTS WITH SWEET POTATOES, 191'?’

. H. Brady, Livingston, Polk County. Experiment 597. Soil is
erate and uniform, new ground that has lately been pastured. It
fland, with white sandy surface soil and a clay subsoil, and has-
‘yy good drainage. Sweet potatoes planted in April and harvested
ctober, with one row per plot, 285 yards long, three and one-half
between rows. Fertilizer applied by hand ten days before planting.
{plots damaged by storm or insects. No rain from planting to har-

112 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

Table 51.—-Sweet potatoes, bushels per acre, 1917.

   

   

__- ..: --=' -
s r; s5? s"? s"??? s?
as a 031:2 a a ‘___ a-g
s. sh 11% s§== s.»
_ g § gag ea egg s2 a
a i» a ‘=2; as as‘ as a
h :2 g vase 1.28 28% r28 g
_ . . o . .u: O .
5i =2, 3. '1 3g; e5 325:. “f5 g i?
=1 g s 5 5w go s; gs -~ 8
g g s a s99 s? 239* s? g s
CO V‘ C‘? 5Q l‘? (‘O C“
597T.H.Brady,PolkCo . . . . . . . . . . . .. 10 13.9 13.5 14.6 14.1 15.7 143 11.4 35.7
598J.H.Hart,SanSabaCo . . . . . . . . . .. 39.3 37.5 49.3 51.8 46.8 62.8 518 46.7 59.0‘;
Average . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 20.2 25.7 31.4 2.30.5 39.3 331 29.1 47.4-

J. H. Hart, Richlan-d Springs, San Saba County. Experiment l

Farm is five miles from Richland Springs, with moderate sandy i
uniform. Produces fifteen bushels of corn per acre. Has been
vated thirty years. Medium l0W land, with surface soil of light
clay two to three feet deep, and subsoil of light coloredpclay, and '
drainage. Sweet potatoes planted about June 10 and harvested Oc
24 with two rows per plot, three feet-l apart and 120 yardstlong.

113

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917.

¢ G $ Aw @ aw C @ © @ © aw C © © @  8.? .............¢.--...--.-..-.-%Q@@@O<

N? :2 953 vSN eew wwn . . . . . .. 32 3E :2 22 g2 ww» weww w”... wen 3w h m: 

93 w; 3.3 e.ew w; w.ww e.3 s w3 ww w w w e www eew m? w eww f2 w ew wew ................émowowswa8pnozao<

Iaeaz s» as»

. . . . . .. ww.» we.“ $2 we. 3e www ww. www wwA 32 ww. we.w eww 3w we; ww. we.  gdhswwmowa
. . . . . Iwww m3 3N ww. ww. h: 2i m; 9.13 5.2 3A ww.: 22: eww m: 2Q m2 .......................=..ziw:s§
weww wws. 3s 2.2 8.8 wwwe wwww  3.2. ewww weew £2 wwww hwww wwww weww 8 we m»; ..............s=m$z=_¢€5~z=_.§
3.2 3: www eww ww. ww. ee.3 3M 3.3 ewe eww wwA ww e $2 w; a; ew w w: ...............=2:.:.2:. @5322?
ew. S. ww. ww. ee. we. ww. we. ww. 3. 3. we. ww. wwg ww. ww. 3. 3. 
8.3 8.3 ww. ww. we. we. ww. 3. 3w. 3. 3. ww. ewww 3.3 ww. ww. we. we.  
ew. C. ww. ww. we. we. ww. 3. ww. ww. ww. we. ww. ww. he. 3w. 3. 3. 
3. 3. we. we. 3e. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. 3. ww. we. we. we. we. 
3. ew we. we. S. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. ww. 3. S. we. we. ........................em3om.~canmowm

I35“. 3m

ma... 8% ewww wwww 3:. $2. wwww ma...” $2. wwww wwww 2.2 2% m8... $2. $2. :8 S8

mownsw wowism mofisw Sufism zomnsm mumtsw zcmnsw Qgfism mownsm uqwtsw Hmomnsm Qvwfsm zownsm wawisw mcwnsm $8.5m momnsm woaism
mew wuwfliwawm www wnwfimkvnxm www ufloET-QQMW www ecwfiiwawm www “Ewfimhoaxw Sm wnuflioanfi eww wuoflivnwfl eww “Ewuhhvanfi www eaaflmkunnm
.8 =o§==>> 5o éauam .8 5.22 .8 .23 =8 s: Jo =s8o éo 52o Jo $2.5m 5o .a=§<

233M =5 .23? .2 .0 55.5w .2 .3 :55? d 58m d w $.52 .2 d awzwflw .3 A. £5 d Q awwqemovqm

H .

.33 fiofioO

imam we nomiwafionuldm 2am?

114 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

  

 
 

e e  e    .. eee e  e e e .. . . . . . . . . . . I..................3eemo<
6.2: 66$ ».wfi M22 6...: 2Q 62 e.e» eee 2: . . . . . . .....................A§€Q6>$u<
i: ~.»m l” w? We ».w~ N2 ma“ e e . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 326w 026568.55 @334

laeaz E 2i

w? wH. nub we. »m.» ee.» S.” $4 we  .............v.:5m.8§
6.6 e». $4. $4 E6 w; $6 23 . .. ............8E&:sw@o5

3.3 3.8 ewe» $3 20.2 2.8 54% Q .3 . . . . . 562i 632cm 2a vfiiownH

3A 2E 3 .2 N: 3.3 $4; z e 3N .. .....n6.: z 62x6 2a @5253.

we. ee. mu. 3. we. we. M2. ee.  ...................£$nw@§

B. ee. ew. ma. mw.» wwa em em.  

eH. ee. 3. we. e». e». ee. me. 

we. we. we. we. S. w". me. we.  ...................dwwobez
we. me. we. me. we. we. me. we.  émowfiponanxim
[$50 5m
w»: »»~» 8: 6m: m2» »E» $5 2:. NE» $2» wee» $3 SE ewe» m2» CE 3m» $2

=omnsm 630.26 mowesm 666.1% aofisw "Sufism mofism Qumrzm momnsw Qoataw momgsm 66.85% 223.6 639:5 zomnsm 885w zcmnnm 66356

new eawflivnxm New enwghwnxw w»m eqwfiiwnxm m»m 5682665 e »m 666826.55 eem 6585.665 »em Qamfiiwnxw eem enwfliwnfim wee Eufliwnxm
.60 uofikonom .60 QomWemE .60 Ewenwfi .60 weewaflm .60 @6260 .60 E560 .60 69.6550 .60 626560 .60 256m
saavm d e .2306 .2 .6 ifiiwgomsm 5.5:. 52 5656.2 ._. £5606 6 iasfim 5 6636i .< 6 45°22,»

5.2m . 35m

d 2S 56360

.U.UDSZ.GOUIIwZOm a0 GOmTNQEOUIINM MJQNP

115

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917.

 

 

 

 

   

 

e e e eew e eww  e e   e e eew eew . .....................>zE6<
www www www eww 6a.: 6E Z2 6.3 $2 ~..w3 Ea Ta #8 i2 3S www is . . .....w...........Ems8§€<
3w w.3 E.“ 5w 3m Q2 3w N? wma w.3 wew I... w.w3 3w 2N 3 w.3   ....sofiws_as._.$>wfiw

|mn6zz2 8m mvém

ww. 3.w wwA 3. em. 3. ww. wH. 3. 3w. ew. 3. wH. ww. 3w. ww. “w.   ..............6~Bm@6w4

wew wew www ww. we; ww. 8w ww. £4 weA a; s. 21 21 2w. 2E w: . ..............HawE:sm$q

wwww 2% wwww E23 ewwe S? wwww e... S wwww £2 5 ww 3.5 £2 wmwe wwww 2.; wwwe . .. .. . . . 665m 632% 2a 632653
3m wf. wew a. $3 wwA wwA wwA E. 3N S; 2 3.. 5.3 w: www 5.3 ....=..E¢...€=. wéaaazw

Ne. wfi. 3. S. 3. we. we. 3. we. we. 3. we. we. w“. S. 3. 3. . ...................£$aw@w4

S. ww. em. mm. B. S. 6w. we. 3. ww. 2.. 3w. ew. S. ww. we. 6m. . 

em. ew. wfi. S. we. we. 8. we. we. we. we. we. we. 3. ee. we. Ne. .   .....§€m

we. ee. we. S. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. .  ...........$m2az
we. we. we. we. we. we. we. . we. B. 2. we. we. we. we. s. we. S. . Qcowqewm
ling 8m
$3. fifi omfi 2E fifi $2 3E 3: wwE. SE. 6m: 3w» SE. 8R $5 a9 Eww 63w

mownsw 6§w5w zomnsw 66~v5w zomnsw 88.5w zomnsw 666»..5w m6mnsw 66.865 zomwsw 665:5 momwsw 863cm zowwsw 666.25 momnnw 33.5w

eew wqvflwkvmxw www waufiwwwnwm new wawfliunwfi wew wnwfivmxifl wew wnvfiionxm 3w wnwfiiwnxm eww wfifiivnxw www 6668366963 Nww "Ewfivfiaxm
.60 wnowmowfim .60 635mm .60 6n6qwE60 .60 36x0 .60 n30 .60 £86m :60 662635. .60 cows? .60 awflF-P
625m .0 .2 $1362» .w .< .625 .< A. afiewmw==sm c850 d .0 $32682 .0 A x6369 @568 £86m .2 ._. £2263 6 .0

1m .3
.33 68.30 . .33 .6330

dosswwcoU|wmom wO GOWMANQEOQINW O—£N1.F

116 TEXAS.AGRIOULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

 

 

N42 i: 29.. .33 2w ».mS w; w.»» m.»» NSS eem 6.62 £26 ~42 Z2 :2 6.2 e em  . . . .  ._§8..>a3.
6.6 7S ».w “.3 w: i: w: M8. fix. f: m.» 1S 2B 3.: we e.e m.» e 2.» . E3 oceasggo>wo<
|J=6==2 8m 55m .
».eS »u.   3A. eee ee. ee. ee. mm. e66 e».e wee efim 3Q meS e».¢ we. 
3m s:   m: w: we. s. »e. aw. w; m2 $6 Sr»... SS. S.» m: 3.»  . . 8:26:52...“
26$ 32 8.6m 3; 3% ma? 3.? 3% 3%. $3 66.3. :5. 3E m w» s2 eeew 3E 69$ . .. . . . . . . 662i 6323 E3 @3256
3w M: a6 E5 wee 3.» we. 3. we. we. 2.2 m; $6 2.» $2 2h 3.2 ee.m . 2.48:0“. 6E3 2a 658:?
S. S. em. S. 8. S. »S. S. S. S. 5. 2S S. Sm. S. 3. i". ee. . . ..  
ee 2. 2. S. ee. ee. 3. eS. 2. S. 2.: 6f: SS em. S. 2. em. S...   . . .  6E3
em. S. ew. wS. eS. S. »e. ee. ee. mm. en. mm. we. we. 3. S. ma. »e.   dnweom
@3- g. %@. Bay. RG- @©. NQ. Mmv. fiaw. Maw. BC. ©.m- ¢@. ©m. ®©- fifi. ©@- ©@. ..... -..-..--..-.. . 8@Ok$@z
S. 8. 8. 8. 8. 8. ee. 8. S. E. ee. »e. ee. we. »e. 2. me. 8.  occamsfi
|3€0 Hum

$3 “m; $2 ewme $2 ewe» new» fifi wee» Se» e3». 2.: ewe» £9 SS» 3: 2: n2»

mownaw wvwfisw aomnsm 63.056 momnsm 632cm momnsw 63.5% mownsw 66365 zomnsw 6305i momnzw oufitaw mofism Qafiksw momnsw 63.06am
awe “nwfiivaww »SM “Evfliuawm mS. eawfiioaxw SS. eawfiionxm eev envfirmxim wow enuflwmxiw »e¢ euoiiomww new enufiiwawm Sew uaufimkwmxfl

.60 nminawm . 60 >20 £3660 :60 haven? .60 62666:» .60 2.8.6». .60 26.56% ..60 E652 . 60 3:60

fimRnQ Lvmofi noenwz A. .3 =3§Q§B S255 .m .< JQBSQEQA 566.56g éowhveewm £30 A. A. 6x695 um S

£5364 6% fie ea
.33 58.060 .32 58.80 a

iunfiecoUlmmom 0o covfmQEoUINm 63w».

117

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917.

 

e e eww e e e e e eew e e e3 e e e . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..........>_.awmo<
3w :2 6.3 eee w; Q2 i: w.w3 n? .32 6.2: 1a v5 eee eew . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......aw$oe $33..
5w e.3 93 v.2 e.3 mew wew 93 ws m.» mew 3w e33 we o2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..w§o1...i8.w.r.>.s¢<

["6252 5m saw

.  ww. 5.   .  . . . . .  . . . . . .. . . 3A we; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ............uh5mmo2

. .. ..  we. 5.   .   . .......we.w em; . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..............nom..:uwmn6§

2.2 wwww 38 $5 3 .8 5.8 8.8 wewe 2...; aw; s}... 8.3 eewe wewe 5.; . . . . . . . . . . . . . .€Em 633cm E3 $22083

5.2.. $2 wew we; w». 2.. 3. e». ewA 2.6. $4 w: eww 2.. w». . . . . . . . ........uo: 6.52.... @5......a2<

we. we. we. we. 3. wH. we. we. we. we. ee. 3. we. 3. 3.  . . . . . . .  . . . . ....£8nwaE

we. S. we. mm. ww. 3. ww. 3. ee. 3. ew. we. ww. we. ee. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .......6EWA

3. 3e. we. we. ee. we. we. we. we. 3. we. ww. 3. we. we. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..............Aww.._6m

we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. . . . . ..  . . . . . . . . . . . . . ......5wobwZ

wfi. 3. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. . . . . . . . . .  eicnamanm

I556 8m

wwwe wwwe $2 £3 $8 ewee ewwe fig wewe 32 £5 £3 E2 E2 £3 3S fig :2

mownaw oefltsw zomnaw 25.5w momnsw wqwisw mompnw ovfifiw zownsw wvwisw mofiaw wufihsw zofisw 335w zownsw wqfltaw zvmwsw 3 05w

eww uawfliwaufl. www anofiiwaxfi www anvfimwoanfl eww anofliwnxw www #:6816663; www “Eviiwnwm www 060820.53 eww pnvfiiwaxw www ecvziuaym

.60 flaw .60 x23 .60 ncflhvnofi .60 88:2 .60 woonnsq .60 .8633. .60 .6933. .60 nomhvucum .60 acfiocifl

.2612 .3 A. 55m A. .0 $62.2 .3 ._. .663“? A632. 52.8 Q A. J83 .3 .< .3315 d .3 52.660 .2 a Jam 5=<

.33 56.560

dvncmwconvlmmow m0 GOwTEwQEOQINW Qimfl-M.

118 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

 

 

  
 

  
 
 
 
 

Q Q QQQ Q Q  Q QQQ Q Q .Q Q Q HfunHHmHHHHHHHHHW......€QQQ<
3% ha. 92 New 3.8m Ema ee 36w N333 e33  New v5   ..3._0@0E0%%w3%3m»%m%
e em m ee w w w e3 e e3 3 mm e 3. e e3 m 33 e 33 e  e3 e 3N |un033333>3q$3 3.8.3 .
 ..   
.--¢-.-.»--..-¢»-..----.--..-.|-. -----.... ~... -.-.. .---.~'.-.¢-...v. -. -.. 
00.8 3s eeee weree 3e. 3w R2 $2 8.3 ee . ee ma? £2 . . . . .3333» 03:38 3E0 033E305
fi. w». Ea 3.3 e3 .e 2.3. 3W3 e: £3 £3 ee.3 ......u0w.€e 30.30.308.333.“ 003833..
e3. N». 3. he. N“. 3 ee. ee. S. w3. ee.  
e3. e3. e3. 3. e3. 3. me. 3m. e3. 3. e3.  053.3
he. ee. we. 8. ew. S. em. e3. ee. 3. ee.  .  332N303
3e. 8. 2. 8. we. e . ee. ee. Ne. we. 8.  =0w0333Z
2. me. ee. 3S. ee. we. 8. ee. 2. 2. we. . . . .350 3on3 2% 0330333300333
ee33 we33 3333 e333 ee33 we33 e3w33 33.33 we33 M533 ew33 ew33 3333 e333 e3me eeme 3.330 :8
330mn=w 03.30am 3300.35 03.33am 33055 033:5 3308.36 00.01am 3305mm 00.33am 330mn=w 03.30am 3332.35 003:6 33.05am 03.30am 3303mm 3.23am
mew 3330833093 New .3330E3.309Qm3 mew 000533093 mew 300833093 3ew 300833093 eew 03305330963 eew emwfliwnxm mew 300533093 wew 333093309333
...00 £38m 2.00 033330.03. mam rwO 3303303333 . :00 30:3 20.0 33020303303 r00 030320300 :00 3333233.. r00 392s 38> ...00 335mm 35>
3330M E303. 33096.3 :3 .3 003E233. 3033363 .m .3. 330m .3 .3. £3003 50533033 .30=3:@0 .3. .3 059i .3>3 .3.
.3>3 .0 03003.3 0335.63
.33 00.300 .333 £03300

.10:c33:00|m330w 30 cowimaEoUrlmm. 0330.3.

 

119

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917.

 
 

 

  

     

 
 

 

 

 

 

 

 

eeS emu e e  e3. e e e e e e e .......................b:w~o<
9.5.“. eemm N42 5M3 e63 92h e63 meem     ..  maem 33m msw Y3 .. . .. Idfieonwfiené
2w Ndfi *6 Q3 W5 NA» 3a wax o... 2. m5 ..  Q... 2m N2 2m ......téfiwoioanmonnmfiené
Iaaaz .6.» 3.5m
 wee     . .. .    
...-... ...-... ......- ..--. ...-... -...-.®¢.©@  ..... ...... ... .. . . . -. .... .. .. .... .. .... ...... ...... ....-.........._HO@P@fl@@flQmwfi
E fie eeew emew ewee e53. 34w Knew mime .. ..  .    ....:§mww_n3omen@2.33mi
ewe ewa. wee w“. eve wee ee.» 3e .. ... .     ......uokmeovemxoefiwnwfls~<
MN. NQ. ©N. @N. QN. MM. @@. awm. .... ...-... . .. .. ...-. ......... .-........ .. . ..... ....-.............-..d@m0flw~flz
Ne. ha. S. NH. em; 3mm E23 Neg:       
we. Ne. we. ee. S. we. we. em.   
8. ee. 2. 8. S. S. we. 2.  e7 wee. m3. ewe. e8. B. e1 ee.
we. ee. we. me. me. ee. NM. i. we.  S. S. .. 
lfiqoouvm .

ma»: £2 “$2 2*: ma”: gm: eSS e52 n22 Eefi 2&2 x32 SSH 2:2 mam. M82 M202 $.02

zofinm @315 zofism wgtnm momnsm 885m emomasm vomfism mownnm 885w mownsm vufiEw momnaw @315 zomnam @3056 zomnsw @325
new enwfiiunwm mew enwfiivnxfl mew enwiiwawm new fiafiiwnwm Ev enwfiiwmxm d0 w? Qnwiiwnxm m5. eawfiiumxm u? pnwfiiwmxm

.60 $30G ..o0=oio0 .60 wnouufio0 .60 235m .60 mn=wwn< noewu£3>> .60 x02. :00 nmnnflm :00 nigh

émaw .m .> 605.53g 538m 682E? £25 d .3 anéasza @352 d. A .55‘ 68m .m Q

d. .3 F Am 23:‘ i .3 . QQQBQH
.22 .950 .22 acsco

dosfifiwonvllmmow ho cowiwmfionvlamm 2am 1H

 

 

120 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

 

..   e e e e3 emu e e e . . . . . .. eQQ . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. e e e 

662 eeem Q8 99$ Q63 Q.Q~ 93. Q8 QAQQ Z8 93. .36 6.2: Tam . . . . . .. “e3 9~§ E23 . . . . . . .....................~§2$>a¢<

Qem QAE 9em i: 5m wQfi we 95 92 e62 9v wwm #3 93 .. Q3 e.» 9S . . . . . . . . . . I. . . . . ..zuf.cc.egs_ao>ms<
.|.no==2 =5 8.5m

.  .. ..  . . . . . 2%. mm.  . ..   ..     . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . ...........P:526§

. . ..-..- ...-.- -...-   .-. ... . . . . . . .. ...... -..- - ..- ...-. .-.- -.-.. . .. . -. . . . . . . . ....¢-.--.-.§Ofl:fi®@n~Omm5

Q93 5.8   §eQ s36 35w 3.2 . ..  Q93. 6Z6 a8 3.8 QQeQ . . . . . .. 5a  . . . . . ..§=m..._e__om EH BQBoEH

5.2 Q93   Qme 34m . . . . . .. we; efimfi  QQQ $4. QFQ m;  wee . . . . . .. ewe  ........dopmeovemxoen¢aamfii<

we. Q9 .   I3. Qe. S. vm. w? . ..$. E. v9 B. 111E. . . . . . IOQHI 

awe $6 .  Q. Qe. 3. 53A Zilem. 3... em. em. . . . . . 2S. .. Imw.   . .................6E@A

w». we.  ee. Qe. we. B: em. m? e1 e». mm. .......Qe. mm. QT . . . .  . 

3. Qfi 3.. e3. wee. nee. we. we. m7 QQ. 8. we.  . . . . . . . . . .  Qfi. we. Qe.  .........................dwwohzz
Maw. éfi- Q#-    $3. NC. waw- @@- N@. Maw. S.  .... . Raw. @@- ¢@- -.....-.---.¢.-...-@@QN OTAOEQQOfi@
I350 8m

8m! 6S: a3 eQeQ mmQQ QQQQ “£3 3N3 mQQS QQQ: m3: 3m: m2: QQQS 3&3 3m: ma”:
zownsm 06.61am momnnw 63.06am 3.5mm 633m momnsw 63.15 mownsw 632cm mcwnsw 66.61am mownsw wufitsm momnsw 63.1mm mownnw 66.61am
mew enomutvnwm hem unofimhwnxfl mew pnwfiiuawfl men enwflivaxfl mQw unvfliwnxm “Qw Qaoflmhxim mQw eqofiivawfl Nmfi paoflivnnfi eew fiwfimuwaxm

. 60 3MB . .60 v33 . .60 x55 . .60 6.5m .60 n52 .60 2.238.604 . .60 a5. ..60 36:0 rm0 83580

=O§w 6 4 62%.: 6 a .52 .2 e 5286 q ._. ism a. a .2M_%w_m..._o .25. 6 .< 5* .< é mwahwww

651560

fionflisoUlmmom MO GOmmhNQEOQIXB 07a“?

121

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917.

Q Q Q Q ....... Q m1 Q O Q O Q Q O   Q . Q . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . 

      . . . . . ..  .... ......     . . . . . . . . . . . . ..   . . . . . . ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 

6.8 .26. Q62 6.63 v3 m...» 6.62 6.66 . . . . . .. 2.6m 2.22 ~46 6.3 ~26 6.6 W2 N... m? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . I266 616666666 63664
IE6==Z 66m 3.3m

2.6 2.6 Ed wfim om. w». B. ma. . . . . . .. .. . . . . .  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..E3£62

QQ-o    $x.  xx. Qx- | . . . . .. O - . - . . . ¢ . ¢ - ¢ ¢ . - . - u - - . . . - - ¢ - . - . . . ~ . - . . - - - - . . . . - . . ¢~ ¢nuno -..-¢ . . . u u - . . . . . . . . - - . 

Eda $.20 66.3. Edw 3.3 $.66 Emma 2.3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . . .. 2.66 5.6a . . . . . . ........66=i6_n=_6m c5 £62632

2». $2» 692 and #6. 62.2 wv. 66. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2..~ $2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269-36 62x6 E3 662563

g- fii- Xx. fix. 3?: QQ. min fix. . . ¢ . . . . . - - - . - - 1-6 | - . - 0.00000 o. noun-o - - . . ~ . . - . u.» -QQ. fié. . . » . - - . - ~ . 00C . - . . - - - ~ - |-¢-...@%8§E

m6. 6o. 5.. S. ma. 2. 6o. 2w. . . .. .. . . . . . . . ..  . .. .66. ma. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  . . . . . . . 168E

mo. 6o. wv. 3.. 66. m6. c6. 6o. . . . . . .. . .. . . . . . . ..   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ......2. S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  .. . . . . . . Znwflom

MO. MO. GO. mO.  mO. mO. NO. NO.  5O. OO. NO. MO. “vO. WO. NO. QO. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .... . . . . ..2UwO.-a@z

s.  OO- 8.  MO. NO. NO. NQ. 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. ... . . . . . . . .. ....... NO. NQ. ... . . . . . . . ... . . . . . ......av@96.OTnO£Q8fi
I556 66m
3% 3% 66% $2.. 266 $8 SS 66S £82 $2: $62 $62 862 6662 $62 6662 $6.2 BN2
=¢£=w .6325 fififi. .856 x635 .325 2635 .3656 E36 .325 .125 §r=m .235. .3656 =afi=m .326 E55 .325
$6 $55.6 m3 “ascxwm N3 68559.6 6% paacvefi 6E 6852866662 B... eaac§m 2n gacfié NB 2.3.3.6 2a 666816862
.60 662693 .6 33662 .60 6682562 :60 226m . 60 .8563 :60 86E 626m .60 666666662 .60 66.66260 .60 @663
.63 =5; <3 2 .2 .2. 6:20 .2 .0 63:62 d. .2. .565 .2 £6262 .6262 A. A. £222 $5M .< .6
.0 .362 .2 .660 .62
.262 .2322 66E .682 .560 .262 .560

fioflnfinonulwmom uO GOmmhNQEOmvIINM 07x65

122 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

 

   

   

 

 
 

 

as. eewAQAS Q Q Q Q Q Q A2. 2Q Q Q Q Q .........................§A.AQ<
www Q2 ».w» wwAA wwwA w? ww» weAA we: wwAA www w.w»w Amewm wAwA weew ..  ........AA$A6AAo>AAQ<
Aww w.» ».mA w.AeA Q2 wAA www ww w.»A w » weA www A.wA.A we Q2 ...........AQA3QAA6AAQEAAQQ>AQQ<
L=Q==2 5A s5
AmA mwA Ae.A ww. mm. Aw. 2. ma. s. wAA »A.A wAiA Q: ww. wm. ..  ......o.5AmAoA>A
Aw w A»... Aww wmA mmA A»; eeA weA wwA mew eww emw 3Q we. wwA .....................uoAAA=wA=omQo.A
»w w» ww ow eA. ww ww . we Am we »A .3 AA we wA ww wA we Q6 em ww a ww ew ww . ew Aétww MA. ww .. . . . .85» 63:3“. A5: wEEoEA
eAw eew A».w s... ww w www AeA wAiA. wAiA eww 2Q i. A. eew. 3A Q: . ...no.AAw6QA.AxoAQ=.Q¢EE=_<
ww. we. we. we. wem we. we. »e. AA. wA. wA. mA. wA. eA. AA. 
www w». »w. AA.. wA e». wA. wA. ew. AA. AA. wAi Aw. ww. ww. 
2. AA. AA. we. eem we. we. wA. eA. eA. wA. 3Q ww. wA. AA.  ......................AAQQQ6.A
we. we. AA. we. we wme. ww. we. we. »e. we. we. we. we. we.  .. .. .. dQmEAAZ
we. we. we. we. A.e. Ae. we. we. we. we. we. we. we. Ae. we. .....................A..A§2.§An€wm
18.60 5m
mwmw wwww wwA» »wA» wmw» »mw» www» www» ewA» 3A» www» Aww» ewA» wwA» weA» weA» A5. eAmA.
zomnnm oqafam AAofisw uqwwhcm zomnsw QQEEm zownsw oomtsm zownsw @335 zomnzm 662:5 A635 Qumtsm 295cm oQmtsw zownsw 668:6
»ew Aawflmkwaxfl www Aawfliwaxfi vww "Ewfliwnfim Aww QboEAAunxH www Amwqiwnxm www wnwfitwnxm www AABEAEAAQAH eww eflufliumflxmm wvw AAAQEAAQAAQAH.
60 woonncq .60 zeta; .60 .6=a>> .60 £55m. . 60 Q50 .60 nobmmm .60 nobwwm .60 wfincfi .60 Amxwm
asio d .8 .282 ..A 4A s25 ASQ .6... .< 22m é 6 éawosm .322? .2 6 .%As_a ..A ...A aQaao
. AA A. MA .0
68A 22 .$Q§Q6 wmiA 22 .$QQQAQ6 wQtA

AvoAEAAnoUulwAmom we comtwAAEoUlww 63mm.

123

.........................mzv€<
 .%B6Q6>3o<
..........vwvn Qmhapnmcnn $53..
Lesa‘ am mfg
......_............6»:p£62
................uo§nwmaommcq
. . . . . 435m 632cm 15.. 6332...;
 . . . .66.: 0o 62B E5 .3353.

 
 

  
 

FERTILIZER. EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917.

 
 
 

. ..  . 3.1.285
. 
........................n$»6m
E  .. . Idwwohfiz
V .................E36ionnmonm
U lane» Em
 ma”: $2. QC. EC. MKS. 2: 3Q 2E 2E 3E. 3S. 3E $3. M62. wwmm $2.. 3N3 £5
W. wowtnm momsaw 63:65 momnam wowinw momnsm 663:5 $3.3m 66.36am 61.36am mownsw 6.51am zownsm 325i zownaw 68.2mm 265.5 6685i
O i3 aQQETQQxW awn unoqnuwnwfl wwn unufltwmfim “mm pnvfiwmxvnm awn anwfliwaxm nwm pnwghwnxm wwm pawfimhomnm Em pnvfiiwnww in umvflwmxmwfl
w .60 =£Q60 .60 flom .60 gwflaA .60 wnfiwwwym .60 6.2530 .60 $6.10 .60 592:0? .60 mofifim .60 uopwoiumv
.526 .0 w .6636? i H .aass.m.~ $5.2m d w .8560 .0 5m 6.525 .< A. $9.5m 8A . i=5. .526 .2=6E¢A.m.>>
.33 22 . ~23 S3 . S3
iooafiom 633w fiooafiom Ammfl

 i

,.......,.m.s€ Ian m? ..........ac.ii.~ .13 .6»..-

124- TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXPERIMENT STATION.

SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS.

1. This bulletin discusses the results of 389 cooperative fertilizer
experiments made from 190'?’ to 1917. There were 151 experiments
with cotton, 153 with corn, 54 with Irish potatoes, 23 with sweet
potatoes, and 8 miscellaneous.

2. With cotton seventy-five per cent. of the experiments gave a
gain with acid phosphate, sixty-eight per cent. a gain with cottonseed
meal, and only fifty-three per cent. gave a gain with potash.

3. From 150 to 200 pounds of acid phosphate produced an average
gain of from 5O to 185 pounds seed cotton per acre, where a gain
occurred. _

4. from 30 to 100 pounds of cottonseed meal produced an average
gain of from 20 to 105 pounds seed cotton, where a gain occurred.

5. From five to twenty-five pounds muriate of potash produced gains
of 2O to 140 pounds seed cotton, where a gain occurred.

6. Acid phosphate is the most certain and the most profitable fer-
tilizer for cotton and corn, but if used exclusively without legumes
turned under, or additions of barnyard manure, the soil will become
depleted in nitrogen. '

7. A fertilizer composed of equal parts acid phosphate and cotton-
seed meal, or one containing about eight per cent. available phosphoric

_ acid and three and one-half per cent. nitrogen at the rate of 150 to 200
pounds per acre seems to be about the best mixed fertilizer for general

use on. cotton or corn in Texas.

8. If larger quantities of fertilizer are to be used on cotton, the
percentage of nitrogen should be increased and that of phosphoric acid
decreased in order not to supplv an excess of phosphoric acid. We
would suggest a fertilizer containing about five per cent. phosphoric

acid and four per cent. nitrogen be employed, if 300 pounds or more

are to be used on cotton.

9. The general use of potash in mixed fertilizers on cotton or corn
in Texas is not profitable,and we advise that potash not be used unless
it is certainly known to be needed.

10. Where potash is certainly needed we would suggest that fer-
tilizer containing about eight per cent. available phosphoric acid, not
less than three per cent. nitrogen, and not less than three per cent.
potash be used in case the application is to be 150 or 200 pounds per
acre for cotton or corn. If the application is to be larger than 200
pounds per acre, the percentage of available phosphoric acid should be
decreased, and the percentage of nitrogen and potash increased.

11. Barnyard manure gave average gains of 107 to 227 pounds seed
cotton per acre. Good gains of corn were also secured. The effects
of the manure lasts several years.

12. As an average of sixteen experiments, the phosphoric acid of
rock phosphate was found to have about twenty-two per cent. of the
effect on cotton of available phosphoric acid in acid phosphate.

13. Hydrated lime in twenty experiments gave an average decrease,

on cotton of about six per cent.

COOPERATIVE FERTILIZER EXPERIMENTS, 1908-1917. 125

14;. Where one-half of cottonseed meal was replaced by an equiva-
lent amount of nitrate of soda the results on cotton were slightly lower
than for nitrate oi’ soda alone.

15. Of the fifty-four experiments with Irish potatoes, seventy-two
per cent. gave results with acid phosphate, eighty-seven per cent. gave
results with cottonseed meal, and fifty-two per cent. gave results with
potash.

1.6. Acid phosphate, 300 pounds, produced an average gain of from
ten to twenty~four bushels per acre of Irish potatoes, where a gain oc-
curs; 400 pounds of cottonseed meal alone produced an average gain of
from eighteen to twenty-eight bushels; twenty pounds of sulphate or
muriate of potash produced from six to ten bushels per acre, where a
gain occurs. Smaller applications of fertilizer should be suflieient to
produce the above results.

1.7. A mixture of 100 pounds of acid phosphate with 200 pounds
cottonseed meal seems to be the best average fertilizer for Irish pota-
toes or sweet potatoes or a mixed fertilizer containing about five per cent.
available phosphoric acid and forty-five per cent. nitrogen, at the rate
of 200 to 300 pounds per acre, is suggested. Larger applications may
be used where the crop possibility is greater.

18. Potash should be used only when the soil is probably deficient
in potash. In such case a mixture of 100 pounds acid phosphate, 200
pounds cottonseed meal, and twenty pounds muriate or sulphate of
potash appears to be the best all around fertilizer for Irish potatoes
or sweet potatoes under Texas conditions, or a mixed fertilizer con-
taining about five per cent. available phosphoric acid, four and one-
half per cent. nitrogen, and three per cent. potash. On some types of
soil more potash may be needed. The fertilizer may be applied at the
rate of from 200 to 300 pounds per aere.

19. Twenty loads of manure per acre produced an average gain of
three and nine-tenths to four and one-half bushels per aere the first
two years. and from thirty-one to thirty-eight bushels per acre the last
four years, in Irish potatoes. -

20. In the tests in which half the cottonseed meal was replaced by
an equivalent amount of muriate of soda, the results were practically
the same as where cottonseed meal only was used.

21. In twentv-thrce tests with sweet potatoes, sixty-five per cent.
showed gains with acid phosphate and cottonseed meal and fifty-six
per cent. showed gainswith potash.

22. Where a gain occurs, the average gain for sweet potatoes with
300 pounds of acid phosphate was from nineteen to seventy-one bushels
per acre; for 400 pounds cottonseed meal it was eight to forty-seven
bushels; for forty pounds muriate of potash it was from fifteen to
sixty bushels. Smaller applications of fertilizer should be suflicient to
produce the above results.

23. Analyses are given of a number of the soils in which the tests
were made. A discussion of the relation of the field experiments, pot
experiments and soil composition, is reserved for a later bulletin.