2/ = / /// off --.! it:,I:,:i L:;?:.,,x ^^T'^O r X, -X' i~';~-7. 2.... -, — - u -, -b F',t:{ L L.T A DESCRIPTION (01' THE MEDALS OF WASHINGTON; OF AND OF OTHIER OBJECTS OF INTEREST IN THE MUSEUM OF THE MINT. ILLTTSTR. ATE D rT BSE1,NTi- T- T A I':\C'-SIIiLT'I EIXCll \\TV GCS. TO WIICHI ARE ADDED BIOGRAPHICAL NOTICES OF THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT FROM 1792 TO THE YEAR 1851. BY' JAMES ROSS SNOWDEN,'TTE I)TIECTOI' l OF THEl MINT. PHILADELPHIA: J.. B. I P P I NCOTT & CO. 1861. Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1861, by JAMES ROSS SNOWDEN, In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United'States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. _^ __-_ _^ ~ _ ^-_ —.-> _ ~ S J^__-,r - -s-^~-ss J-r~r t. i I TO LIEUTENANT-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT, THE EMINENT AND DISTINGUISHED SOLDIER, WHOSE LONG CAREER OF USEFULNESS AND HONOR HAS WON FOR HIM THE GRATITUDE OF HIS COUNTRY, AND TIE ADMIRATION OF MANKIND, IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED. NOTE.-On the opposite page we present afac-simile of the letter from Lientenant-General Scott, giving permission to dedicate this work to him. The medal to which the General refers is the "Cabinet Medal" which was struck to conmemorate the inauguration of the W7ashington Collection in the Mint, on the 22d of February, 18(60. (iv) .od;S/ /' - /^^ / ^7^" ir /' /i/ / ^^ D^ /^ by^^ Ad tAt,_e, ByZIC~/~%G~ /AGElyc. He. /^ 7 ^^^/ ^^^^.^^ /,^ ^ ^ ^^/ ^~ L^^M^ ^^C ^~ / PREFACE. THE Cabinet of the Mint has heretofore chiefly been devoted to the conservation of ancient and modern coins. But from time to time a few medals have been procured and specimens of ores and minerals obtained; and thus it has been gradually increasing. Recently, however, it has been much enlarged by the addition of the handsome and full collection of the Washington Medals, and by the purchase of a well selected cabinet of ores and minerals. In view of these additions to the Cabinet and of the frequent applications which are made for a descriptive list of the Washington pieces, it has been deemed expedient to publish the present work. As one of the objects of this publication is to present a description of the medallic memorials of Washington, a brief statement in relation to the manner in which that collection was made may not be unworthy of notice. In the early part of the year 1859 it occurred to the writer that it would be interesting, and no doubt gratifying to the public taste, to collect and place in the Cabinet of the National Mint one or more specimens of all the medallic memorials of Washington which could be obtained. At that time he did not know of the existence of more than twenty of such memorials. The Cabinet of the Mint contained only four or five specimens besides the pieces known as the Washington Cents. During an investigation subsequently made, it was ascertained that there were at least sixty different medals, etc. of the above character. To obtain specimens of these medals and of such others as had escaped notice, a circular was issued inviting the assistance of the public to procure them. The newspaper press seconded the effort by giving a general notice of the request, and many collectors of coins, with other gentlemen, have rendered the most valuable and efficient assistance. Under these influences, and with these advantages, we have been enabled to gather together a large and interesting collection of these medallic memorials, embracing one hundred and thirty-eight specimens. 2 (v) vi PREFACE. The collection thus made was arranged in an appropriate case, and formally inaugurated, as a part of the Cabinet of the Mint, on the 22d day of February, 1860, in the presence of the officers and workmen; on which occasion THE FAREWELL ADDRESS was read and remarks were made by several of the officers of the institution. A small medal, described on page 42, and represented in Plate XIV. was struck in May, 1859, to commemorate the commencement of the Cabinet. The medal which appears on Plate XVII. and is described on page 46, is a memorial of the inauguration of the collection in the Mint. The portrait of Washington, which appears upon the obverse of this medal, is undoubtedly a good likeness of the great original, and is equal as a work of art to any of the other Washington Medals. Houdon's bust and Du Vivier's "Washington before Boston" were used as the models for it, with some modifications, which are the result of a careful comparative examination of the numerous portraits and busts of Washington which have come under our observation. The medal was designed and executed by Mr. A. C. Paquet, an assistant engraver at the Mint. It may be interesting here to state that the venerable Rembrandt Peale, to whom one of the medals was presented, says in reply: "In acknowledging the receipt of your polite note of yesterday, accompanied by the Memorial Medal of Washington, I would express the peculiar pleasure your present affords me as a specimen of American art, gracefully designed, exquisitely finished, and the best medallic likeness of the great original which has come under my notice." As this gentleman is an artist of distinguished merit, and is the only one now living to whom Washington sat for his portrait, his testimonial in regard to the fidelity of the likeness on the "Memorial Medal," is highly important and interesting? In this publication we present an engraving, or a description, of all the Washington pieces in the collection. We wish our readers to bear this fact in their recollection, because one of the objects of the publication is to increase the Washington Cabinet. If any of our readers, therefore, has in his possession, or is aware of the existence of any medal, medalet, coi.n or token, on which the head or name of Washington appears and which is not herein mentioned or described, we hope such person will inform us of the fact and assist in placing it in this national institution. The visitor to the Mint will find the "Washington Medallic Collection" in the west room of the Cabinet, where the pieces are arranged in the form of a 1 Since this work has been prepared for the press, this eminent artist has departed this life. He died on the 4th day of October, 1860, in the 83d year of his age. PREFACE. vii monument, as is represented on the reverse of the "Cabinet Medal." These medals of our Washington differ greatly as works of art; and the most of them fail to present any likeness of his heroic and benevolent countenance; but they show his wide-spread fame, and are striking exhibitions of that enduring gratitude and affection which his noble and disinterested services to his country were so well calculated to inspire. May these memorials long remain in this national institution under the flag of that Union which he, as an instrument in the hands of Providence, establisheda monument to his immortal memory.' The other parts of the work are devoted to descriptions of the National Medals of the United States, and of the various Miscellaneous Medals, American and Foreign, in the Cabinet. A description is also given of the Ores and Minerals, and other objects of interest and curiosity, that have been placed therein. To which we have added a Biographical Notice of the Directors of the Mint from its organization until the year 1851, whose portraits adorn the Central Saloon of the Cabinet. This work, in conjunction with the Mint Manual of Coins, recently published, completes the description of the objects of interest and curiosity collected and exhibited in the Museum or Cabinet of the Mint of the United States. J. R. S. MINT OF THE UNITED STATES, Philadelphia, Sept. 1860. 1 The union of the States has been disturbed by events which have transpired since this work was placed in the hands of the publishers. The country is in imminent peril; but it will, we trust, survive the shock. An overruling Providence will, we believe, so direct events as to restore peace and prosperity to this once happy and united, but now depressed and distracted country. In the words of the Psalmist, let us "offer the sacrifices of righteousness, and put our trust in the Lord." NOTE. WE do not consider it necessary to mention the material of the medals herein described, except such as have been ordered by Congress, or by some other public authority. The other pieces are more or less interesting from the character of their devices, and the size and execution of the medals, and not on account of their metallic composition; moreover, copies from the same die are frequently struck in different metals. It was not, therefore, our intention to name the metals of which these memorials are composed, although it has been inadvertently done in one or two instances, as is the case in describing the Georgius Triumpho on page 40. A few typographical errors appear in this work, the most important of which are the following:At page 33, for "No. 139" read No. 135; p. 34, for " 135 and 136" read 131 and 132; same page, for "141" read 137; p. 35, last line, for "1779" read 1799; p. 37, for "142" read 138; p. 42, for " Patria" read Patrice; p. 44, for "J. Manley" read J. Manly; p. 48, sixth line from top, for "Reverse" read RE(signed). (viii) CONTENTS. PAGE THE W ASHINGTON MEDALS......................................................... 13 The Bust of W ashington...................................................... 20 The Size of the M edals............................................................. 28 Description of the W ashington M edals........................................ 29 NATIONAL M EDALS.................................................... 57 Army-War of the Revolution.......................................... 63 W ar of 1812............................................................... 69 " W ar with M exico....................................................... 75 Navy- W ar of the Revolution................................................... 77 Difficulties with France................................................ 78 W ar with Tripoli............8............................... 78 W ar of 1812............................................................... 79 M iscellaneous National M edals......................................... 88 Presidential M edals................................................................. 94 Sub-national M edals................................................ 97 M ISCELLANEOUS M EDALS................................................................ 101 American- Colonial and Revolutionary...................................... 103 C ities................................................................... 106 " Agricultural Societies............................................... 109' M echanical Institutes........................................... 110 "' Other Institutions and Societies................................. 111 Personal M edals................................................... 113 (ix) X CONTENTS. PA GE Great Britain...................................................................... 116 France............................................................................... 121 Germany............................................................................... 134 Spanish America................................................... 138 A Supplemental List of Medals....................................................... 143 African Rings- Continental and Colonial Currency, etc......................... 148 The Cabinet of Minerals....................................................... 151 Ancient Pottery, and Various Curiosities............................................ 160 The Directors of the Mint.............................................................. 165 List of Officers of the Mint from its Commencement to the Present Time.... 197 Index...................................................................................... 199 t l I I 7-72 La I ~ I rC_ 2 IT was proposed, during the administration of Washington, to place his effigy on the coins of the United States; and with that view, in 1791 and 1792, before the Mint was regularly in operation, several experimental dies were prepared with his portrait upon the obverse or principal side. From these dies the well-known " Washington cents" were issued. There is some diversity of opinion whether they were coined in this country or in England. Without entering upon the discussion of this question, we may state that it is highly probable the specimens now existing, bearing the date of 1791, were made in England; and that the pieces dated 1792 were struck in this country, from experimental (ies prepared for a regular coinage when a mint would be established. These last-named pieces were first issued about the time the bill for establishing the Mint was pending before Congress. In this bill, which originated in the Senate, it was proposed that upon the coins of the United States there should be placed "a representation of the head of the President;" but the House of Representatives struck out these words, and inserted the following: "upon one side of said coins there shall be an impression emblematic of Liberty." The Senate subsequently concurred in the amendment, and the bill, in that form, became a law. 3 (13) 14 T'HE'I WASHINGTON MEDALS. It is a well-ascertained fact that Washington did not favor the proposition to place his likeness upon the coins of the United States. It is even said, that when several specimens of that description were exhibited to him, for his inspection and approbation, he indignantly ordered the dies to be destroyed; and expressed his desire that there should be placed on the coins an ideal head of Liberty. In this incident he exhibited his accustomed self-denial and disinterested patriotism. His view of the subject was undoubtedly correct. The right to coin money is one of the highest attributes of sovereignty; and hence, in regal governments, it is proper that the head of the sovereign should appear upon the coinage; but in a republic an ideal figure or some symbol of an impersonal character seems the most appropriate. The portrait of Washington, although properly excluded from the coinage, may, nevertheless, be justly regarded as an emblem of liberty; that is to say, of constitutional liberty, such as is so happily established by the government of the United States. Although the head of Washington does not appear upon the coinage, there seems a disposition everywhere to supply this omission by placing it on a great variety of medals, medalets, and tokens. These medallic memorials, executed in Europe as well as in this country, show how much he was beloved in life, and how greatly his memory is revered. A description of them is one of his highest eulogiums. The legends and inscriptions show that, for him, the vocabulary of affection and gratitude is well-nigh exhausted. The following are a few examples: "The Hero of Freedom;" "the Father of Constitutional Liberty;" "the Pride of his Country;" "the Ornament of Human Nature;" "Millions yet unborn will venerate his memory;" ";Providence caused him to be childless, that the nation might call him Father;" "Time increases his fame;" " He is in glory, the world in tears." It is remarkablle that not one of the Washington pieces repre Pt IBM' IMMIMME,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. ].5 sents or commemorates a battle. In contrast with this, how striking is the fact that the medals which illustrate the career of Napoleon, and present a history of his eventful life, are chiefly devoted to battles and military triumphs. Our Washington was not only pre-eminent in war, but he was "the firm friend to peace and humanity."1 He preferred peace to war. So the American eagle, the heraldic emblem of our country, holds in his igiht talon the olive branch of peace, and in his left the arrows of war. In the medal which was struck at Paris in 1778, by the direction of Voltaire,2 it is said of Washington, reunit par une rare assemblage les talens du guerrier et les vertus du sage." This was true of him in 1778; but how much more so was it in afteryears, when, having conquered the invading armies of George III. and given peace to his country, he surrendered his commission to Congress and retired to his estate on the banks of the Potomac. And then again, with disinterested patriotism, leaving his muchloved Mount Vernon, to place the liberties of his country on a firm basis by the establishment of the Constitution of the United States. And then again, called forth by the unanimous voice of his countrymen to form a new government on the hitherto untried principle that the people ought to make the laws, and the laws should govern; and, having successfully carried into effect this great experiment, voluntarily relinquished his authority and retired to private life, regarded by his countrymen as their most illustrious benefactor, and by all mankind as an ornament to humanity. One of the medals herein described commemorates his relinquishment of military and civil authority.3 The sword and the'London cent of 1795. Plate XI. figure 41. 2 Plate IV. figure 4. 3 Plate VII. figure 15. This medal, and that of Washington and Franklin, usually called the Peace Medal, (Plate VII. figure 17,) were gotten up by Joseph Sansom, of Philadelphia. 16'THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. fasces, inclosed by the olive wreath, are placed upon the table of the Union. Happy America, if Washington's example of patriotism, virtue, and self-denial shall always be followed by her sons! During the period of Washington's administration, the government of the United States was at Philadelphia. The Mint was then located in Seventh Street, below Arch, on the east side. The residence of the President being in High Street, now called Market, only two or three squares from the Mint, he was in the habit of visiting it daily, as we are informed, and manifested a deep interest in its operations.' Washington refers to the Mint in nearly every one of his addresses to Congress. For example, in October, 1791, he uses the following language: "The disorders in the existing currency, and especially the scarcity of small change, a scarcity so particularly distressing to the poorer classes, strongly recommend the carrying into effect the resolution already entered into concerning the establishment of a mint. Measures have been taken, pursuant to that resolution, for procuring some of the most necessary artists, together with the requisite apparatus." The resolutions referred to in this address were passed March 3d, 1791, as follows: 1. That a mint shall be established under such regulations as shall be directed by law. 2. That the President of the United States be authorized to cause to be engaged such principal artists as shall be necessary to carry the preceding 1The residence of the President and the location of the Mint are taken from the Directory of Philadelphia for the year 1793, published by James Hardie. Under the appropriate heads and titles it has the following:"Washington, George, President United States, 190 High Street. Mint, No. 29 North Seventh Street." "Officers of the Mint: David Rittenhouse, Director; Henry Voight, Chief Coiner; Tristram Dalton, Treasurer. The Assayer and the Engraver not yet appointed. A number of cents have been already issued, and it is expected that the coinage of gold and silver will commence in a short time." THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 17 resolution into effect, and to stipulate the terms and conditions of their service, and also to cause to be procured such apparatus as shall be requisite for the same purpose." In his fourth annual address, November Gth, 1792, he says:' In execution of the authority given by the legislature, measures have been taken for engaging some artists from abroad to aid in the establishment of our Mint. Others have been employed at home. Provisions have been made of the requisite buildings, and these are now putting into proper condition for the purposes of the establishment. There has been a small beginning in the coinage of half dismes, the want of small coins in circulation calling the first attention to them. The regulation of foreign coins in correspondence with the principles of our national coinage, as being essential to their due operation, and to order in our money concerns, will, I doubt not, be resumed and completed."1 Again, in his address on the 19th November, 1794, he informs Congress that "the Mint of the United States has entered upon the coinage of the precious metals, and considerable sums of defective coins and bullion have been lodged with the Director by individuals. There is a pleasing prospect that the institution will, at no remote day, realize the expectation which was originally formed of its utility." The act of Congress establishing the Mint of the United States was approved by President Washington the 3d day of March, 1792. The next year, 1793, the Mint commenced operations by The following resolution on this subject was passed by Congress, July 6th, 1785: "1. That the money unit of the United States be one dollar. 2. That the smallest coin be of copper, of which two hundred shall pass for one dollar. 3. That the several pieces shall increase in a decimal ratio." And on the 8th of August, 1786, Congress further resolved: "That the money of account, to correspond with the division of coins agreeably to the above resolution, proceed in a decimal ratio; and that the decimal parts of the dollar shall be the mill, the cent, and the dime." 18 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. the coinage of cents and half cents. In 1794, besides the copper coins, it struck silver coins, namely, dollars, half dollars, and half dimes. In 1795 it commenced the coinage of gold, by issuing eagles and half eagles. The half dimes stated by Washington to have been coined in 1792 were struck before the Mint was regularly in operation, and, it is said, that he furnished the bullion for the coinage. It is believed that half dimes, to the amount of one hundred dollars, were then coined and issued. They were of the legal weight and fineness, and evidently intended for circulation. These coins are now very rare and are highly valued. There is one of them in the Cabinet of the Mint. The obverse presents a head of Liberty facing to the left,-a likeness of Mrs. Washington, the wife of the President, is evidently intended; and it contains the legend LIB(erty) PAR(ent) OF SCIENCE AND INDUSTRY, with the date of 1792. The reverse exhibits an eagle displayed, with the legend, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, and the denomination, HALF DISME. The following incident, connected with the Mint and the coinage, is related by Judge Harper, of South Carolina, in his Memoirs of the Hon. Henry William De Saussure, the second Director of the Mint: "General Washington, whose habit it was to see the heads of departments every week at his table, upon one of these occasions expressed to the Director of the Mint his satisfaction at the activity which had been introduced into the silver coinage, and added, I have long desired to see gold coined at the Mint, but your predecessor found insuperable difficulties. I should be much gratified if it could be accomplished before I leave office. I will try, was the reply; and the Director went to the Mint, summoned the operative officers, ascertained the wants and difficulties of each department, and, by great diligence, speedily removed all obstacles. In six weeks he carried to the President a handful of gold eagles, and received his thanks and THJE %WAST-IINGTLON MEDALS. 19 approbation." Mr. De Saussure was the Director of the Mint from the 11th day of July to the 28th of October, 1795. This incident therefore confirms the statement that the first coinage of gold at the Mint was in 1795. It also shows the lively interest which Washington took in that branch of the public service, as in fact he did in everything which pertained to the happiness and prosperity of his country. Every examination into the life, character, and services of Washington increases our love and admiration for him, and justifies the universal verdict of mankind which pronounces him the foremost man of all the world, and has given him the illustrious title of "The Father of his Country." C.0'I THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. TIE BUST OF WASHINGTON. THE statue of Washington, by M. Houdon, undoubtedly presents a faithful representation of his person. It has therefore been adopted as the model in preparing the Cabinet Medal, (see plate XVII.) The collection is surmounted with a copy of the bust of this statue. In view of these circumstances, some observations respecting the execution of this famous statue may be interesting to our readers. The Legislature of Virginia, by a resolution adopted in 1784, directed that a statue to the memory of Washington should be placed in the Capitol of that State. In compliance with this law, at the request of the Governor of Virginia, Dr. Franklin and Mr. Jefferson, who were then in Europe, engaged Mr. Houdon, an eminent and distinguished statuary, to come to this country and take from the life an exact resemblance of Washington's person. Mr. Houdon, in pursuance of this engagement, came to America. He arrived at Mount Vernon on the 3d of October, 1785, where he remained a fortnight, and, after taking the necessary moulds and measures, returned to Paris, and subsequently executed the admirable statue which now adorns the Capitol of Virginia, with the following inscription on its pedestal:-LThe General Assembly of the Commonwealth of Virginia have caused this statue to be erected as a monument of affection and gratitude to GEORGE WASHINGTON, who, uniting to the endowments of the hero, the virtues of the patriot, and exerting both in establishing the liberties of his country, has rendered his name dear to his fellowcitizens, and given to the world an immortal example of true glory. ta k it(/ C, t -I -Ir~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~II ~~~~~s~:~~~~~~~~~jl~ THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 21 Done in the year of Christ, seventeen hundred and eighty-eight, and in the twelfth year of the Commonwealth." The following extracts from letters of Washington are interesting in connection with this subject. To Dr. Franklin, on the 26th of September, 1785, he says: "; When it suits M. Houdon to come hither I will accommodate him in the best manner I am able, and shall endeavor to render his stay as agreeable as I can." On the same day he writes to M. Houdon: - By a letter which I have lately had the honor to receive from Dr. Franklin at Philadelphia, I am informed of your arrival at that place.l Many letters from very respectable characters in France, as well as the Doctor's, inform me of the occasion, for which, though the cause is not of my seeking, I feel the most agreeable and grateful sensations. I wish the object of your mission had been more worthy of the masterly genius of the first statuary in Europe, for thus you are represented to me." (Sparks's Wash., vol. ix. p. 132.) To Mr. Jefferson, (then at Paris,) on the same day, he writes: "I had the honor to receive your favor of the 10th and 17th of July, which were committed to the care of M. Houdon; but I have not yet had the pleasure to see that gentleman. His instruments and materials, Dr. Franklin informs me, were sent down the Seine; but, not being arrived when the ship left Havre, he was obliged to leave them, and is now busied in supplying himself with others at Philadelphia, with which, when done, he will come to this place, (Mount Vernon.) I shall take great pleasure in showing M. Houdon every civility and attention in my power during his stay in this country; for I feel myself under personal obligations to you and Dr. Franklin (as the State of Virginia has done me the honor to direct a statue to be erected to my memory) for having placed the execution in the 1 Houdon came to Philadelphia in the same vessel with Dr. Franklin. 4 22 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. hands of so eminent an artist, and so worthy a character." (Ibid. p. 133.) Under the date, at Mount Vernon, of October 7th, 1785, Washington writes to the Marquis De La Rouerie, and says: "Your letter of the 19th of May was brought to this place by M. Houdon, who arrived here the 3d of this month." (Ibid., p. 138.) To La Fayette, November 8th, 1785, he writes: "I have to thank you for your favors of the 9th and 14th of July; the first by M. Houdon -who stayed no more than a fortnight with me, and to whom, for his trouble and risk in crossing the seas, (although I had no agency in the business,) I feel myself under personal obligations." (Ibid., p 144.) To Mr. Jefferson, August 1st, 1786, he says: - In answer to your obliging inquiries respecting the dress and attitude, which I would wish to have given to the statue in question, I have only to observe that' not having sufficient knowledge in the art of sculpture to oppose my judgment to the taste of connoisseurs, I do not desire to dictate in the matter. On the contrary, I shall- be perfectly satisfied with whatever may be judged decent and proper. I should even scarcely venture to suggest that perhaps a servile adherence to the garb of antiquity might not be altogether so expedient as some little variation in favor of the modern costume, if I had not learnt from Colonel Humphreys that this was a circumstance hinted in conversation by Mr. West to Mr. Houdon. This taste, which has been introduced in painting by West, I understand is received with applause, and prevails extensively." (Ibid., pp. 185-6.) In a letter from Mr. Jefferson to Mr. Madison, dated at Paris, February 8th, 1786, the following remarks occur: "Houdon has returned. He calledo me on e ther day, to remonstrate against the inscription proposed for General Washington's statue. He says it is too long to put on the pedestal. I told him I was not at liberty to permit any alteration, but I would represent his objection to a, friend, who could judge of its validity, and whether a THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 23 change could be authorized. This has been the subject of conversation here, and various devices and inscriptions suggested. The one which has appeared best to me may be translated as follows:-'Behold, reader, the form of George Washington. For his worth, ask History; that will tell it when this stone shall have yielded to the decays of time. His country erects this monument: Houdon makes it.' This for one side. On the second, represent the evacuation of Boston, with the motto, IHostibus primum fugatis.'1 On the third, the capture of the Hessians, with SHostibus iterum devictis.' On the fourth, the surrender of York, with LHostibus ultimum debellatis.' This is seizing the three most brilliant actions of his military life. By giving out here a wish of receiving mottoes for this statue, we might have thousands offered, from which still better might be chosen. The artist made the same objection, of length, to the inscription to the bust of the Marquis de La Fayette. An alteration of that might come in time still, if an alteration was wished. However, I am not certain that it is desirable in either case." (Jefferson's Works, vol. i. pp. 532-3.) In accordance with the excellent suggestion of Washington, the statue presents him in the modern costume, that is to say, in the military dress of the Revolution, such as worn by him on duty. He is standing erect, with one arm leaning upon the fasces, bound together to represent the thirteen original States in union; the sword rests upon the fasces, but only a part of the hilt is visible. In his right hand he holds his walking-cane. These emblems show that he had exercised the highest military and civil authority in the republic, and had retired to private life. And, notwithstanding the objections of M. Houdon, the inscription upon it is in the words prescribed by the law of the State of Virginia. It is 1 This motto was adopted for the medal which commemorates the evacuation of Boston. (See Plate IV.) 24 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. an appropriate inscription, and for simplicity and beauty can scarcely be excelled. It is to this statue that reference was made on the occasion of inaugurating the Washington Cabinet, at the Mint, on the 22d of February, 1860. On that occasion, the engraver of the Mint, Mr. James B. Longacre, being called on by the Director, made some remarks respecting these memorials of the illustrious dead. His remarks were chiefly directed to the verification of the likeness of Washington, as it is represented on the various medals which comnpose the collection, and which present such unequal, and sometimes conflicting, specimens of artistic effort. The remarks possess additional interest from the reminiscences with which they were illustrated. Mr. Longacre said: 1"Viewing the close connection that necessarily exists between the medal portrait and the sculptured bust, belonging as it were to the same department of art, the bust very frequently furnishing the only reliable and material authority from which the medallist can proceed with his work-the fidelity of the sculptured head or bust becomes a question of the first importance in determining the value of a likeness on the medal. "Respecting the authenticated portraits of Washington in sculpture, am a ware that in a communication which appears in Irving's Life of Washington, already esteemed as a work of the highest reliability, a preference is distinctly indicated for the bust executed by Ceracchi; but although I am not insensible to the beauty of this bust as a work of art, yet as a faithful transmission of the features of Washington, it cannot, in my view, be permitted to take precedence of the head by Houdon, to which, on the score of fidelity, I must give a decided preference over any other extant; and it may not be out of place on this occasion to state some of the incidents which have contributed to fix ny convictions on this subject. THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 2o "In the year 1825, in company with a friend, also an artist, I paid a visit to the celebrated Gilbert Stuart, so justly renowned as an artist in portraiture, then seventy-one years of age, in the City of Boston; among other subjects of interest that formed the topic of conversation while in his studio, was that concerning the original head of Washington, which Mr. Stuart had painted from life, and which was then before us on the canvas, apparently as executed at the time of the sitting, and which had always been retained by Mr. Stuart, but since his decease, I believe, has become the property of the Boston Atheneum. He evinced considerable interest in the attention which it called up, and commented very freely upon certain facts in regard to its relative appreciation; his own interest appeared to have been enhanced by some public notice that had been given to another likeness of Washington, then recently produced, to the unjust disparagement of his painting; with the superior fidelity of which he remained satisfied, and was very naturally unwilling that his reputation as an artist should suffer, or the judgment of his friends be imposed upon, to his detriment. After adverting with a pardonable complacency to his position as a portrait painter in Europe, and saying that he came to this country for the purplose of painting y Wtashington, he turned to me, remarking,'You are acquainted with Houdon's bust, I presume?' I replied that I was, and it was the head par excellence, that I had always preferred as my ideal of the great original.'You are right,' said he;'Houdon took a cast from his face,' requesting me at the same time to recall the proportions of Houdon's work as a test of the correctness of the head then before me. The fact that Houdon made a cast from the face of Washington (while living of course) was not previously known to me with certainty; but the authority of the statement made by Stuart, under all the circumstances, I considered unquestionable. "It was nearly sixteen years after this conversation with Mr. 26 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. Stuart inl Boston, that at Mount Vernon I was informed by Mrs. Washington, (mother of J. A. Washington, Esq., proprietor of the estate until its recent purchase,) on referring to my interview with Mr. Stuart on the subject, that she had heard the matter of the cast taken by Houdon spoken of by members of the family (her aunt especially) who were present at the time the operation was performed by Houdon, and that it was the occasion of considerable solicitude through a fear of personal injury resulting to the subject, (Washington himself.) This incidental confirmation of the statement so emphatically made by Mr. Stuart leaves no room in my own mind to question the fact, or the vast importance it necessarily attaches to the fidelity of the bust by Houdon, and establishes the propriety of regarding it as the standard fronm which subsequent representations of the original in statuary or bas-relief should be taken; for it should not be forgotten that, beyond this consideration, the reputation of Houdon as a sculptor, and especially his anatomical knowledge as such, placed him in the foremost rank of contemporary artists. "While on the subject of the statuary likeness of Washington, I am reminded of an observation made by Gen. La Fayette in my hearing. He was visiting the Pennsylvania Academy of Fine Arts in this city, accompanied by the late Hon. Joseph Hopkinson, and among other objects of art to which our attention was directed, was a fine copy of the bust from Canova's statue of Washington, then at Raleigh, North Carolina, of which Gen. La Fayette remarked that'so far as it concerned a likeness of Washington, if it were not for the name, it might as well be anybody else.' While of Houdon's statue in the State Capitol at Richmond, Virginia, I was informed by the State Librarian that Gen. La Fayette, on seeing the statue there, pronounced it a fac-sinile of Washington's person. "Whatever estimate others may place on the value of these THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 27 incidental testimonials to the truthfulness of Houdon's work, as compared with other artistic representations of the features of Washington, to me, I must say, they are so strongly confirmatory of my first impressions in favor of the bust by Houdon, that I cannot hesitate to regard it as the most valuable criterion of the accuracy of the likeness, however multiplied since in the same line of art, which we are called upon to contemplate as representing the most honored name on the historical records of our country." 28'I iE WASHINGTON MEDALS. THE SIZE OF THE MEDALS. WE have not adopted the scale heretofore generally used to indicate the size of the medals herein described, preferring to use the more simple and convenient method suggested by the Numismatic Society of Philadelphia. This method is founded upon exact principles of measurement, in which each number represents the sixteenth of an inch. By the former arrangement the numbers were arbitrary, and it was necessary to refer to the scale to ascertain the size; but by the rule we have adopted, a distinct idea is given of the size by the statement of the number, and no reference to a scale is required. For example, as each number expresses the sixteenth of an inch, size 8 would be half an inch in diameter; size 16, one inch; size 32, two inches; and so with the other numbers. We do not measure closer than the sixteenth of an inch, but use the number to which the piece approaches nearest. We may add, that the engravings of the medals being facsimiles, present the exact diameter of each piece; but it is deemed best also to express their sizes in the description, by stating the number of sixteenths of an inch which they measure, in the same manner as is done with the pieces wlichl are not engraved. ~ ~~~~~" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~; i~~~~~~~~~~~~~o ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~,.....Ii ~~-i.I~~~ 21~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-"t~ A,~,~ ~ t -.~.- - — ~.,,.... - PI? A MR-i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i 0-I "M N ~A - 4 i;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- N IN ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ - YV~~ DESCRIPTION OF THE MEDALS. FRONTISPIECE. PLATE I.-(A.) 1. WASHINGTON AND INDEPENDENCE.- Obverse. An undrapec bust of Washington facing to the left. The name of the engraver, C. C. WRIGHT. D. & F., is inscribed beneath the shoulder. The name GEORGE WASHINGTON is inscribed in two parallel lines at either side of the bust. PLATE II.-(B and C.) The above medal has two reverses. First. Signing of the Declaration of Independence, copied from Col. Trumbull's picture; above is inscribed DECLARATION OF, and beneath, INDEPENDENCE, JULY 4k", 1776; and the engraver's name, C. C. WRIGHT, FECIT. Second reverse. A tablet inscribed as follows:"Discovery of North America by the English, Jly 3, 1497. Discovery of Florida by the Spaniards, April 6, 1612. First settlement in Virginia, May 23, 1607. Hudson River discovered by the Dutch, Sep. 21, 1609. Dutch settlement at New York, 1614. Landing of the Pilgrims at Plymouth, Dec. 22, 1620. First war with the Indians (Pequots) 1637. Union of the New England Colonies, May 29, 1643. 5 (29) 3( TIlE WASHINGTON MEDALS. New York taken by the English, Oct. 4, 1664. War with the French and Indians, 1754. Treaty of Peace between France and England, Feb. 10, 1763. Stamp Act passed in England, March 22, 1765. Stamp Act Congress met at New York, Oct. 7, 1765. Massacre of Americans at Boston, March 5, 1770. First Continental Congress, at Philadl Sep. 5, 1774. First Revolutionary Battle at Lexington, April 19, 1775. Battle at Bunker's Hill, June 17, 1775. Assault on Quebec by Americans, Dec. 31, 1775." Above the tablet is a scene representing a boat approaching the shore, upon which are trees and rocks; an Indian secreted behind the latter. In the offing is a vessel, hove to, with her sails furled. Beneath is a harbor, with a storehouse, shipping, lighthouse, and articles of commerce. Size 56. PLATE III, 2. MlEDALLION.- Obverse. Bust of Washington in citizen's dress, three-quarter face to the left. No reverse. Struck in Berlin irol. Size 66. Samle medallion was used for the cap-piece of the Washington Blues of Philadelphia. PLATE IV. 3. WASlIINGTON BEFORE BOSTON.-Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington facing to the right. Legend. GEORGIO WASHINGTON SUPRENMO DTvci ExERCITVVw ADSERTORi LIBERTATIS. Beneath is inscribed COMITIA AMERICANA. The name of the engraver, Du VIVIER, PARIS. F., appears immediately beneath the bust. Reverse. In the background appears the City of Boston, which the British troops are evacuating, and retiring to their shipping. To the right are the American intrenchments with the troops drawn up in front ready Ci:\~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~V (~i't.~ i u~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~r is:~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I 1;1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ I J KA$V.~~~ial: ii~~~~~7~ N a NJ I X~ t\ gY"-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~\ ci~~~~~~jj~~~~~~i~~~~~eK THE WASHIN(GTON MEDALS. 31 to march into the city. On an eminence, in the left foreground, is Washington and his staff, mounted. Washington is pointing out the retiring enemy; on the ground are cannon and cannon-balls. Legend. HOSTIBUS PRI3IO FUGATIS. Exerguee. BOSTONIUM- RECUPERATUM xvII MARTI MDCCLXXVI. Size 42. 4. Obverse. Head of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. G. WASHINGTON E. GENERAL OF THE CONTINL ARMY IN AMERICA. Reverse. Martial emblems, surrounded by diverging rays. Legend. WASHIN. REUNIT PAR UN RARE ASSEMBLAGE-LES TALENS DU GUERRIER & LES VERTUS DU SAGE. Size 24. Designed by Voltaire, and struck in Paris in 1778. 5. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. OB: 14 DEC" 1799. AE: 68. Reverse. Branches of oak and laurel inclosing the inscription. TIE HERO OF FREEDOM, THE PRIDE OF HIS COUNTRY AND ORNAMENT OF HUMNAN NATURE. 1800. Above is a bundle of arrows. Legend. LATE PRESIDENT OF TIE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Size 23. 6. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. WASHINGTON TEMPERANCE SOCIETY. Reverse. A domestic scene. Beneath is inscribed, HOUSE OF TEMPERANCE. Size 25. PLATE V. 7. LANCASTER MEDAL.- Obverse. Bust of Washington, in armor, facing to the right. Legend. GENERAL WASHINGTON. INSCRIBED TO HIS MEMORY BY D. ECCLESTON, LANCASTER IMDCCCV. Reverse. An Indian, with his bow and arrow, and the inscription, THE LAND WAS OURS, within a double circle. Legend. HE LAID THE FOUNDATION OF AMAERICAN LIBERTY IN THE XVIII CENTURY. The inscription, INNUMERABLE MILLIONS YET UNBORN WILL VENERATE THE MEMORY OF THE MAN WHO OBTAINED THEIR COUNTRY S FREEDOM, in two Concentric lines. Size 48. 32 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 8. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the left. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. GENERAL OF TIIE AMERICAN ARMIES. 1775. RESIGNED THE COMMAND 1783. ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 1789. RE-ELECTED 1793. RESIGN'D 1797. Inscribed in nine parallel lines. Size 24. 9. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in unifornm facing to the left. Similar to No. 8, but with older features. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Beneath is inscribed, DIED 14 DECEMBER 1799 AGED 68. Reverse. Same as No. 8. Size 22. 10. CALENDAR MEDAL.- Obverse. An equestrian figure of Washington, at three-quarter face, to the right. Beneath is inscribed, THE FATHER OF OUR COUNTRY; and above, to the left, BORN FEB. 22, 1732, and, to the right, DIED DEC. 14. 1799. Twvo reverses. First. A device symbolic of Time, surrounded by diverging rays; above is inscribed, TIMAE IS MONEY. Legend. S. J. BESTOR, IMPORTER OF WATCHES & JEWELRY. PHILADELPIHIA PA. Second reverse. An adjustable calendar, showing the days of the month. Size 20. PLATE VI. 11. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the left. Around the bust are inscribed the names of the Presidents, etc., as follows: G. WASHINGTON ELD 1789 SERVD 8 YEARS. J. ADAMS EL. 1797 4 Y. T. JEFFERSON EL. 1801 8 Y. J. MADISON EL. 1809 8 Y. J. MONROE EL. 1817 8 Y. J.Q. QADAMS EL. 1825 4 Y. A. JACKSON EL. 1829. LAFAYETTE APPOINTED MA. GEN OF THE U. S. ARMY 1777 DIED MAY 20 1834. M. VAN BUREN, W.H. HARRISON, J. K. POLK. Reverse. An eagle, in flight, grasping the United States shield in the right talon, and an olive branch, and a scroll, inscribed, ALL MEN ARE CREATED EQUAL. JULY 4 1776. in the left. Above is inscribed INDEPENDENCE, and around the edge are thirteen stars. Size 30. ill;~~~~~~ /~~M O -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~-O <~j~7%..... Aw/ -I__ ~,~,A THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 33 Tlie original of this medal was issued in 1834, to commemorate the death of General Lafayette. Subsequently, during the administration of Mr. Polk, the die was altered; the names of "M. Van Buren, W. H. H.arrison, and J. K. Polk," being added, and the above medal produced. The original medal is also in the Washington Collection. See No. 139. 12. Obverse. Busts of Washingtonl Kosciusko and Lafayette. Legend. To THE HEROES OF LIBERTY THE FRIENDS OF THE PEOPLES INDEPENDENCE. Beneath is the name of the engraver, ROGAT. Reverse. Three inscriptions, each surmounted by a crown of oak, as follows: ISt. GEORGE WASHINGTON, BORN THE 22D FEBY 1732 AT BRIDGE CREEK. DIED THE 14TH DECEMBER 1799, AT MOUNT VERNON. 2d. THADDEUS KoscIusKo, BORN THE 12TH FEBY 1746, AT MERUZOWSZEZYZNA. DIED THE 167T OCT? 1817, AT SOLEURE. 3d. LAFAYETTE M. J.. P..Y. GILBERT DUMIOTTIER. BORN TIIE OT' of SEPTEMBER 1757, AT CIIAVINIAC. DIED THE 20T~ MAY 1834, in PARIS. CERCLE BRITANNIQUE. RUE NEUVE ST. AUGUSTIN No. 58 A PARIS. Size 32. 13. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing to the left..Legend. GENE GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. BORN FEB. 22D 1732. DIED DEC. 14 1799, inscribed in four lines, between two branches of oak, crossed. Size 26. 14. MEDALLION.-Bust of Washington, in military attire, facing to the left. Legeind. GENERAL WASIINGTON. Size 34. No reverse. PLATE VII. 15. PRESIDENCY RELINQUISHED.- Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing to the right. Legend. G. WASIIINGTON PRES. UNIT. STA. Reverse. The emblems of authority, civil and military, deposited upon the table of the union. Legend. COMMISS. RESIGNED: PRESIDENCY RELINQ. Exergue. 1797. Size 28. There are 34 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. two other medals of this description. The first is larger; being size 32, and has the legends in full. The second is smaller; being size 24. See Nos. -5andc -36.! - i:. 16. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON ESQR. LATE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Beneath the shoulder of the bust is inscribed the engraver's name, WESTWOOD F. Reverse. WITH COURAGE AND FIDELITY HE DEFENDED THE RIGHTS OF A FREE PEOPLE. DIED DEC. 14, 1799, AGED 68. Inscribed within a wreath of laurel, upon which are arranged thirteen stars. Above is a bundle of thirteen arrows. Legend. MADE COMMANDER IN CHIEF OF T-HE AMERICAN FORCES TIE 15 JUNE 1775. Size 25. 17. Obverse. Busts of Washington and Franklin; the former in military costume; facing to the left. Reverse. A portion of the globe, upon which is depicted the United States; inscribed UNITED STATES. Above is an eagle, descending, with lightning in both talons, and an olive branch in its beak. Above the eagle is inscribed the date 1783. Size 25. This medal has another reverse representing a beaver gnawing at an English oak, symbolizing the destruction of British authority in the American Colonies. Beneath is the date 1776. See 76. For another variety, see No. 141. 18. Obverse. Head of Washington, facing to the left. Reverse. A shield, encircled by a scroll, inscribed, PRESENTED BY TTHE METROPOLITAN MECHANICS INSTITUTE. The shield is left blank, to be inscribed with the recipient's name. Size 24. PLATE VIII. 19. SERIES NUMISMATICA.- Obverse. Head of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGIUS WASHINGTON. Beneath the head is inscribed BACON, SCULP. Reverse. NATUS VIRGINIAE IN AMERICA FOEDERATA. AN. M.DCC.XXXII. OBIIT AN. M.DCC.XCIX — +- SERIES I ~ ". i'"':A:! 1^'"^': ~' i'i i~'i'.,. KI>k". ~riMii~,~"'. ~::':f'~': ilIr' wl,' A.''''l, __ __ii_::~~':'e,' llffBfi~ l'l'w:f.' luylf'i l I!:,' 1S1111-O-O118 jI li:~ili ~; Ng!8ii lliJ,"Ullilili THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 3t NUMISMATICA UNIVERSALIS VIRORUTM ILLUSTRIUM. M.DCCC.XIX. Illscribed in nine parallel lines. Beneath is the name of the publisher, DURAND, EDIDIT. Size 24. 20. SERIES NUMIISMATICA.- Obverse. Undrapec bust of Washington, facing to the left. Legend. GEORGIUS WASINGTON. Error of engraver. Beneath is the engraver's name, VIvIER F. Reverse. Same as No. 19, with the letters somewhat enlarged. Size 25. 21. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Beneath is the date 1776. Reverse. A cannon, fasces, and caduceus, crossed behind a scroll, inscribed, REPUB. AMIER. Legend. GENL OF THE AMERICAN ARMIES 1775. RESIGND THE COMMaD 1783+ELEGc PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 1789 +-RESIGNED TIHE PRESIDENCY 1796. In three concentric lines. Size 20. 22. MEDALLION.-Bust of Washington, in civil dress, at threequarter face, to the left. Size 32 x 44. 23. MEDALLION.-Bust of Washiligton, in civil dress. From Stuart's picture. Size 40x46. PLATE IX. 24. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. GENERAL OF THE AMERICAN ARMIES, 1775. RESIGN'D THE COMAMAND, 1783. ELECTED PRESIDENT OF TIHE UNITED STATES, 1789. Inscribed in nine parallel lines. Size 20. 25. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Reverse. A tablet, bearing the signature of Washington. Engraved by Mr. Joseph Faaet. Size 28. 26. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing to the right. Legend. WASHINGTON+BORN FEBRUARY 11. 1732+DIED DECEMBER 2 1779. Reverse. Fame, blowing a trumpet, and carrying 36 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. a laurel crown,-flying over land and sea; a sailing vessel in the distance. Legend. WISDOM VIRTUE AND PATRIOTISM. Exergue. MDCCCIII. ASize 22. 27. MEDALLION.-Bust of Washington, in civil cress, at threequarter face, inclosed in an oval compartment. Size 15. 28. MEDALLION.-Bust of Washington, facing to the left, adorned with the Roman mantle. Beneath is the word GRAYS. Breastplate of the Washington Grays of Philadelphia. Size 32x 48. 29. Unfisnished medalc by C. C. Wright. An undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left. Size 20. PLATE X. 30. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. (Engraved by Mr. Kneass, when Engraver of the Mint.) Reverse. TIME INCREASES I1S FAME, inscribed in four lines, between branches of laurel. (Engraved at a recent period, under the directions of the present Director of the Mint.) Size 16. 31. LANCASTER COUNTY MEDAL.- Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Beneath is the engraver's name, KEY L., and the inscription, THE FARMER OF MOUNT VERNON, and the date 1858. Legend. LANCASTER Co. AGRICULTURAL & MECHANICAL SOCIETY. Reverse. A portion of a column, with a cogged wheel, and a sheaf of wheat leaning against it. To the right is a farmer's harrow, and a plow; and to the left, a rake, pitchfork, and scythe; a stalk of corn growing at either side. Above are the words, AWARDED TO the field being left blank to receive the recipient's name. Size 28. 32. Obverse. Head of Washington, facing to the right, in a small oval compartment, above which is an eagle, in flight, holding an olive branch in one talon and three arrows in the other, I Oh ii~:~~:~'~'~'~""~?,~~ V~'~'"'m _ 1' ir- I-. -i-CS-:~Yr~:Ik~~~~~~~~~~~~vi-Belz" I/i~~~~~~~~~~I.t/'/fl I,::.I.:';F..,, ~,{!il{I..., ~,,....'..'P I lH IlHIH ) H Hf. Hf I'!,,7.4f,,HHHI /4 I~~~~ ~ ~'~'{!i ~+?-4.!~IUI!!'!:'H?.HI ~',I' =~..1...... ".......'I'. H 4I/,... oI..... I //4.:. v,.::.,,.:.'.:.?/ ii/e~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ r~~~~~~~ 6 rl 11L~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~H~. II IHHHI /.WiI.I4 Ii)! ffiX HHH/LYTC/ N-1~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ~'~~~~~ ~~~~~~~ I',aa,....",','~' ~~~r ~;: iii bi~~~~~~~~~~~zc~~~cI~iI..:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l,,',v., ~: 6 - iirrr ll:! i..... "Yi THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 37 the United States shield upon its breast, and in its beak a band, inscribed E PLURIBUS UNUM. Around the oval is the legend: GEORGE WASHINGTON, BORN 1732. DIED 1799. Beneath is the engraver's name, DAVID BINN. Between the eagle and the bust is inscribed FIRST IN WAR, FIRST IN PEACE, AND FIRST IN THE IIEARTS OF IIS COUNTRYMEN. At each side of the field are twelve stars in line. Reverse. A library, in which is seen a man seated by a table reading a book; a statue, a bust, two globes, and a portfolio. Beneath is inscribed, VIA AD I-IONOREM. Size 31. 33. An undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left, surrounded by a chased rim or edge. Reverse left blank. Engraved by WRIGIIT. This piece is in silver, and is provided with a ring, by which it may be suspended. Size 32. 34. UNION MEDA LET. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, at three-quarter face, to the left. Beneath is the engraver's name, W. H. BRIDGENS. Legend. THE FATHER OF OUR COUNTRY. Reverse. Two hands clasped in friendship, and surrounded by diverging rays. Legend. UNITED WE STAND, DIVIDED WE FALL, inclosed between two olive branches, crossed. Size 21. See also No. 142. 35. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in citizen's dress, three-quarter face, surrounded by a raised border with curved lines. No legend. Size 24. PLATE XI. 36. WASHINGTON "SILVER PENNY."- Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the left. Beneath is the date 1792. Legend. G. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT. 1. Reverse. An eagle, with raised wings; the United States shield upon its breast, an olive branch in the dexter and six arrows in the sinister talon. Around the head are fifteen stars. Legend. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Edge plain. Size 22. 37. Same as No. 36, but struck on a smaller planchet. Size 20. 6 38 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 38. LIVERPOOL HALF PENNY.-O bverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the left. Legend. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT. Reverse. A vessel under sail. Beneath is the date 1793, and above, HALF PENNY. On the edge is inscribed, PAYABLE IN ANGLESEY, LONDON, OR LIVERPOOL. Size 19. 39. HALF CENT. —Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the right; above is the word LIBERTY, and beneath, the date 1793. Reverse. HALF CENT inscribed between branches of laurel. Beneath is the fraction O. Legend. UNITED STATES OF AMIERICA. On the edge is inscribed Two HUNDRED FORP ONE DOLLAR. Sze 14. 40. LIBERTY AND SECURITY.-Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. A heart-shaped shield, in two fields; one charged with thirteen bars, and the other with a like number of stars. Beneath is the date 1795. Legend. LIBERTY AND SECURITY. On the edge is inscribed, PAYABLE AT LONDON, LIVERPOOL, OR BRISTOL. Size 18. 41. LONDON HALF PENNY.- Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the right. Legend. G. WASHINGTON THE FIRM FRIEND TO PEACE AND HUMANITY. Reverse. A fire-grate. Beneath is inscribed LONDON 1795. Legend. PAYABLE BY CLARK & HARRIS 13 WOR.MWOOD ST. BISIIOPSGATE. Edge milled. Size 18. 42. Obverse. Bust of Washington, laureated, and facing to the right. Beneath is the date 1792. Legend. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT. Reverse. An eagle with raised wings; a shield upon its breast bearing six bars, an olive branch in the dexter and thirteen arrows in the sinister talon. Around its head are six stars. Above is inscribed the word CENT. Size 19. 43. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in military dress, facing to the left, surrounded by rays of the sun running outside. Beneath is the date 1796. Legetd. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT. Reverse. Eagle with raised wings, with fifteen stars above; in the sinister talon is an olive branch, and in the dexter six arrows. Legend. Al RI', I, I WU".U N^ ""^::i i~I;~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~MN AI.i,:: Pr d til Mitsbi I;;: I!inf n t 41~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Il I: 0 - I I ~, THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 39 UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, surrounlded by rays of the sun running inside. Size 34. This piece was presented by H. Drumheller, of Schuylkill Co., Pa., and is believed to be unique. PLATE XII. 44. WASHINGTON AND INDEPENDENCE.-Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, laurecatel, facing to the left. Beneath is the date 1783. Legendc. WASHINGTON & INDEPENDENCE. Reverse. The goddess of Liberty seated upon a stone block with an olive branch extended in her right hand, and supporting with her left the staff and liberty-cap. Legende. UNITED STATES. Beneath are the initials of the engraver and die-sinker, T. W. J. K. S. Edge plain. Size 16. 45. WASHINGTON CENT.-Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the left. Beneath is the date 1791. Legend. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT. Reverse. An eagle with expanded wings, bearing a shield upon its breast charged with six bars. In its beak is a scroll bearing the inscription UNUMA E PLURIBUS. An olive branch in the dexter and thirteen arrows in the sinister talon. Above is inscribed ONE CENT. On the edge UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Size 18. 46. WASHINGTON AND INDEPENDENCE. Obverse. Bust of Washington, enveloped in a Roman mantle, and laureated, facing to the left. Date and legend same as No. 44. Reverse. Same as No. 44, with the initials of the die-sinker and engraver omitted. Edge plain. Size 18. 47. WASHINGTON AND INDEPENDENCE.- Obverse. Same as No. 46. Reverse. ONE CENT, inscribed between branches of laurels, crossed. Beneath is the fraction T-o. Legecndl. UNITY STATES OF AMERICA. Edge plain. Size 18. 48. WASIIINGTON CENT.- Obverse. Same as No. 45, with the date 40 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. omitted. Reverse. Small eagle with raised wings, the United States shield upon its breast, an olive branch in the dexter and six arrows in the sinister talon. Above is an arch of clouds and eight stars, with the denomination ONE CENT. Beneath is the date 1791. Edge same as No. 44. Size 19. 49. WASHINGTON CENT.-Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the left. Beneath is the date 1792. Legend. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT. Reverse. An eagle similar to No. 45, with the United States shield upon its breast. Above are twelve stars in a line, and one upon the eagle's crest. Edge plain. Size 19. 50. DOUBLE-HEADED WASHINGTON. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, laureated, and facing to the left. Legend. WASHINGTON. Reverse. Same as obverse. Legend. ONE CENT. Edge plain. Size 17. 51. GEORGIUS TRIUrIPHO.-Obverse. Bust of GEORGE III. King of Great Britain, laureated. Copied after the pattern guinea of 1772. Legend. GEORGIUS TRIUAnPHO. Reverse. A female, seated behind on a shield, bearing thirteen bars, an olive branch extended in her right hand and supporting a staff in her left. Beneath is the date 1783. Legend. VOCE POPOLI. Edge plain. In copper. Size 18. We put this with the Washington pieces, because we consider it as the triumph of our George, although the head of George Rex is represented on it. 52. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in military dress, facing to the left. Legend. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT. Beneath, the date 1792. Reverse. GENERAL OF THE AMERICAN ARMIES 1775. RESIGNED 1783: PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 1789. Cent size. 1 ii 7:-;~;a~~~~~";..... WIN~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I M,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~, i 11 i:~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ HIO ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~" "..... I~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ROOM M:~ ~.~: ~~~,~"~~: Sl~~li i2 ii~iiw~-:-::1,: 8% r~ J MROM Mel::T-WON::~7: CI THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 41 PLATE XIII. 53. PRESIDENTAL SERIES. —Obverse. The busts and names of all the Presidents of the United States, from Washington to Van Buren. That of Washington being in the center. Reverse. FIRST PRESIDENT, GEORGE WASHINGTON; SECOND, JOHN ADAMS; THIRD, THOMAS JEFFERSON; FOURTH, JAMES MADISON; FIFTH, JAMES MUNROE; SIXTH, JOHN QUINCY ADAMS; SEVENTH, ANDREW JACKSON; EIGHTH, MARTIN VAN BUREN. Inscribed in sixteen parallel lines, between branches of rose and lily. Beneath is the engraver's name, W. H. BRIDGENS, NEW YORK. Size 30. 54. WASHINGTON BENEVOLENT SOCIETY.-Obverse. A bust of Washington upon a pedestal, the latter bearing the inscription, DEFENDER OF HIS COUNTRY. The goddess of Liberty, grasping in her right hand a staff, surmounted by the liberty-cap, and holding in her left a laurel chaplet, which she is about to deposit upon the head of the bust. Beneath is the date 1808. Legend. WASHINGTON BENEVOLENT SOCIETY. Reverse. A device emblematic of Charity. Above is the word BENEVOLENCE, and beneath, NEW YORK. Size 27. 55. MOUNT VERNON MEDALET. — Obverse. Bust of Washington, enveloped in a Roman mantle, facing to the right. Beneath is the name of the engraver, G. H. LOVETT, N. Y. Legezd. GEORGE WASHINGTON FIRST PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES, inclosed in a wreath composed of roses and rose-leaves. Reverse. A representation of Mount Vernon. Legend. WASHINGTON'S RESIDENCE AT MOUNT VERNON. Beneath the device are the initials of the engraver, G. H. L.-N. Y. Size 22. 56. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGIUS WASHINGTON PRES. PRIM. RER. CONF. AMER. MlDCCXXXIX. Benealth is the enoraver's name, LOVE'TT PHILA. 42 TTHE WASHINGTON MEDALS. Reverse. Minerva seated by an altar, extending a laurel crown in her right hand. Beneath are two palm branches, crossed, and the date MDCCCLX. Above is inscribed, in an arch, FIDELI CERTA MERCES. Legend. NATUS FEB. XXII MDCCXXXII. OBIIT. DEC. xiv MDCCXCIX. Size 33. PLATE XIV. 57. Obverse. Head of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. WASHINGTON TEMPERANCE BENEVOLENT SOc. Reverse. A flowing fountain. Two birds are standing upon the edge, drinking, and two other birds are descending. Size 14. 58. NEW YORK MEDALET.- Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. BORN 1732 DIED 1799. Reverse. Arms of the State of New York. Beneath are the initials N. Y. and the engraver's name, DAVIS. Size 16. 59. A MEMIORIAL OF THE WASHINGTON CABINET.- Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing to the right. Legend. PATER PATRIA. Reverse. A MEMORIAL OF TIHE WASHINGTON CABINET, MAY 1859. Inscribed in six lines, and inclosed in a wreath of laurel. Size 13. 60. Obverse. Same bust as No. 3. No legend. Reverse. BORN 1732 DIED 1799. Inclosed in a wreath of laurel. Size 11. 61. WEBSTER MEDALET.- Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left. Beneath is the engraver's name, KEY. Legend. PATRILE PATER. Reverse. Bust of Webster, enveloped in a Roman mantle, and facing to the right. Legend. DANIEL WEBSTER. Size 18. 62. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASIINGTON. Beneath is inscribed J. CRUTCIIETT MT VERNON FACTORYI and the name of the engraver, A. DEMAREST. The whole surrounded bv a circle composed of a number of hoops ,?Y!;!':?;?~?i!tiy! Ft^ li k -;.. v *^' _?... AMlllil..'.' ~;a;'^l::::!!,::i:: Kn- ^ n ~ ~ ~ ~;~~~~li~ V,~ir~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Ga- ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ O T~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~J,-: _i., Ml I:..ras~~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~,P, AR.1 F X~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~:: THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 43 united with bands, emblematic of union and strength. Reverse. A representation of Washington's residence at Mount Vernon; beneath which is inscribed, MOUNT VERNON IN 1796, and the name J. CRUTCIETT M? VERNON FACTORY. The whole inclosed by a circle of hoops corresponding with the obverse. Size 50. PLATE XV. 63. WASHINGTON MONUMENT MEDAL.-Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. THE FATHER OF HIS COUNTRY. Beneath is inscribed, BORN FEB. 22, 1732. Reverse. Elevation of the Washington Monument. Legend. NATIONAL MONUMENT. Beneath is the date JULY 4, 1848. Size 25. 64. CENTENNIAL MEDALET. —Obverse. An eagle in flight, surrounded by diverging rays, and carrying an oval shield, bearing a bust of Washington, facing to the left. The shield is draped with a scroll bearing the inscription, PATRIA PATER. Reverse. STRUCK & DISTRIBUTED IN CIVIC PROCESSION, FEBRY 22D 1832. THE CENTENNIAL ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTHDAY OF WASHINGTON BY THE GOLD & SILVER ARTIFICERS OF PHILADA. Inscribed in eleven lines. Size. 20. 65. LAFAYETTE MEDALET.- Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. Undraped bust of Lafayette, facing to the right. Beneath is the date 1824. Legend. GENERAL LAFAYETTE. Size 18. This medalet was struck at the time of Lafayette's visit to this country, and was worn, in the procession which escorted him, as a badge of honor, being furnished with a ring for that purpose. 66. SIEGE OF BOSTON.-Obverse. An equestrian figure of Washington, upon an eminence. In the background appears the City of Boston, in the front of which are the American batteries and encampment. Legenzd. GEO. WASHINGTON 1776. Reverse. SIEGE 44 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. OF BOSTON 1775-6 inscribed between branches of laurel. Above is a drum, two standards, and a stack of muskets. Beneath is inscribed, LOVETT'S SERIES No. 2. PHILADA. Size 20. 67. NORTH POINT MONUMENT MEDALET. -Obverse. Bust of Washington, enveloped in a Roman mantle, and facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reveerse. Elevation of the monument. Legend. NORTH POINT AND FORT M~ HENRY, SEPT. 12 & 13 1814. Size 19. 68. NORTH WALES HALF PENNY.-Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the left. Legend. GEORGIUS WASHINGTON. Reverse. A harp, surmounted by a crown. Legend. NORTH WALES. Edge plain. Size 17. 69. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in military dress, facing to the left. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. A. heart-shaped shield in two fields, one charged with fifteen bars, and the other with a like number of stars, surmounted by an eagle, with raised wings, holding an olive branch in the right talon and three arrows in the left. Legend. LIBERTY AND SECURITY. Size 20. PLATE XVI. 70. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the left. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON, BORN VIRGINIA; and beneath the bust, FEB. 11, 1732. Reverse. GENERAL OF THE AMERICAN ARMIES 1775. RESIGNED 1783. PRESIDENT OF THIE UNITED STATES 1789; and the name of the engraver, J. MANLEY. Size 30. This medal is sometimes called the " Manley" and sometimes the " Blacksmith" medal. It was got up in Philadelphia, in 1790, by J. Manley.1 1 By the kindness of Mr. John McAllister of this city, we have been put in possession of Carey's Magazine for March, 1790, on the cover of which there is an advertisement for the issuing of a Medal of Washington. As the medal above described is, we believe, the one referred to in the paper, we insert it here:-"Medals from the earliest period of .,9 ZI~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~" ~: i a — ~11al:::~~~~~jj Haii 848~~~~~~~~~~~~~~l4 Capa iy V 4 N N -,Caterpillar~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Pi 7-i W~; i~ ~- ra,- ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~Blva.50 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~,_I (3~~~5f iit''. J.~~~~~i~I::: Npy, iii Oi i V 1 A'S~~~~I-P Wi"~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~B: THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 45 This medal enjoys the singular distinction of being certified to as presenting "a strong and expressive likeness of General time have been regarded, by every enlightened people, as the greatest help to history, and the best method of transmitting to posterity the memory of the heroes and patriots of the age, and one of the most honorary compliments a grateful people could confer on their favorites. As the history of mankind furnishes no instance of a hero or patriot who has better deserved, or has been more justly entitled to the affections or esteem of a grateful people, than his Excellency the President of the United States, General George Washington, an artist is induced to offer to the citizens of America a medal, with a striking and approved likeness, and such inscriptions or allegorical figures as shall best suit so great a character; and he humbly hopes to be honored with their patronage. "To subscribers, a medal will be delivered of fine, white metal, to resemble silver, for one dollar; of a fine gold-colored metal, for two dollars; of fine silver, for four dollars; and of gold, in proportion to weight. "Subscribers will please to particularize the kind they chose. Subscriptions to be paid at the time of subscribing. "Medals at a dollar will be ready to deliver in ten days, and the others as soon as possible, when ordered. Subscriptions will be received by the printers hereof; by Mr. Rice, Bookseller, Market Street; by the Artist, No. 1 Carter's Alley, Philadelphia; and by some one person in every capital town throughout the United States, as soon as appointments can be made. "We, the undersigned, have seen the Medal of General Washington, and think it a strong and expressive likeness, and worthy the attention of the citizens of the United States of America. Philadelphia, February 22, 1790. Thomas Plrfflin, President of the Supreme Executive Council of Pennsylvania. Richard Peters, Speaker of the General Assembly. Christian JFebiger, Treasurer of the State. Francis Johnson, Colonel in the late Army of the United States." In Mr. McAllister's note to the writer, he says: "The artist is not named, but his place is stated as at No. 1 Carter's Alley. I can recollect that Robert Scott, one of the first engravers of the Mint, had his room in Carter's Alley, next to the corner of Second Street, and it may be that himself, or some engraver in his employ, executed the die." In the Maryland Gazette, and Baltimore Advertiser of March 9, 1790, a copy of which is in our possession, a similar advertisement appears, but it is stated that subscribers for the medal were requested to send their orders and remittances "to J. Manly, to the care of Robert Patton, Esq., Postmaster, Philadelphia." The reverse of the medal has the name of J. Manley upon it as the artist; we are thus enabled to identify it as the one referred to in the advertisement. 7 46 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. Washington, and worthy of the attention of the citizens of the United States." 71. Second reverse of No. 62, Plate XIV. A representation of the Tomb of Washington at Mount Vernon. Size 50. 72. MAsONIC MEDAL.- Obverse. Bust of Washington, in military dress, facing to the left. Legend. G. WASHINGTON PRESIDENT. Beneath is the date 1797. Reverse. Masonic emblems, and the inscription AiORn HONOR ET JUSTITIA, and the initials G.W. G. G. M. Size 22. 73. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left. No reverse. Size 21. 74. Obverse. An undraped bust, facing to the right. Legend. THE GREAT D. G. WASHINGTON. Reverse. The figures 84 encircled by a chain composed of thirteen links, each link containing the initials of one of the thirteen United Colonies. Size 16. This curious medalet was presented by Dr. Gibbes, of Columbia, South Carolina. It is rude in design and execution, but is a very rare, and probably a unique, piece. PLATE XVII. 75. THE CABINET MEDAL. —Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right, with the name of the engraver, PAQUET, beneath. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. BORN FEB. 22, 1732. DIED DEC. 14, 1799. Reverse. A representation of the Washington Medallic Collection, in the Cabinet of the Mint of the United States. Legend. WASHINGTON CABINET OF MEDALS, U. S. MINT. INAUGURATED FEB. 22, 1860. Size 38. "I - ----- -- -- n~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~O ~~~~~~~m;F ~~~:~~~~~:;5Ys~~~~~~~~~~~IME RIMER' THE WASIINGTON MEDALS. 47 DESCRIPTION OF PIECES IN THE CABINET, BUT NOT ENGRAVED. 76. Second reverse of figure 17, Plate VII. A beaver gnawing at an English oak; symbolizing the destruction of British authority in the American Colonies. Beneath is the date 1776. Size 25. 77. Obverse. A figure, in the garb of a shepherd, with a shepherd's staff in his left hand, tending his flock; to the left of the field is a building, overhung by a tree; hills in the background. Beneath are the initials U. S. A. and the engraver's name, C. H. KUCIILER, FE Reverse. SECOND PRESIDENCY OF GEORGE WASHINGTON MDCCXCVI inscribed between branches of oak and laurel, crossed. Size 30. 78. Obverse. A figure, attired as a farmer, sowing grain; in the background a farm-house and a man plowing. Beneath are the initials U. S. A. Reverse. Same as No. 77. Size 30. 79. Obverse. The interior of a room. In the background is a female weaving at a loom, and in the foreground, another female spinning, and a cradle containing an infant, which a larger child is engaged in rocking. Beneath are the initials U. S. A.; and on the base of the device the engraver's initials, C. H. K. FE Reverse. Same as No. 77. Size 30. 80. Third reverse of figure 6, Plate IV. Bust of Dr. Franklin, facing to the left. Legend. MECHANICS LITERARY ASSOCIATION. ROCHESTER. Beneath the bust is the engraver's name, LOVETT, N. Y. Size 26. 81. FUNERAL MEDALET.-Obverse. Bust of Washington, facing to the left, and encircled by a wreath of laurel. Legend. HE IS IN GLORY, THE WORLD IN TEARS. This medal has two reverses. First. A funeral urn bearing upon 48 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. its side the initial W. encircled by the legend, in two lines, B. F. 11, 1732. G. A. ARMI., 75, R.'83. P. U.S. A.'89+PR.'96. G. ARM. U. S.'98. OB. D. 14, 1799. 82. Second. Skull and cross bones substituted for the urn. Legend. In four concentric circles, B. FEB. 11, 1732. GEN. A3IER. ARMIEs, 1775. Reverse. 1783, PRES. U. S. Am.'89, R.'96+GEN. ARmI. U. S.'98. OB. D. 15,'99. Size 18. 83. FIRST PRESIDENCY OF WASHINGTON.-Obverse. Bust of Washington facing to the left, (same as the Liverpool half penny of 1793.) Legend. GEO. WASHINGTON; BORN VIRGINIA, FEB. 11,1 1732. Reverse. GENERAL OF THE AMERICAN ARMtIES, 1775. RESIGNED 1783. PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES 1789. Inscribed in ten parallel lines. Size 19. 84. No. 7 OF SAGE'S SERIES.- Obve'rse. A representation of Mount Vernon. Beneath are the initials G. H. L. Legend. THE HOME OF WASmINGTON.+MOUNT VERNON. Reverse. THE WOMEN OF AMERICA, NOBLE PRESERVERS OF OUR FATHER'S HOME-E+ —-NO. 7, AUG. B. SAGE'S HISTORICAL TOKENS inclosed in a circle of stars. Size 19. 85. No. 8 OF SAGE'S SERIES. —Obverse. A representation of the old Hasbrook house. Beneath are the initials G. H. L. Legend. THE OLD HASBROOK HOUSE, NEWBURG, N.. Reverse. WASHINGTON'S HEAD-QUARTERS, 1782-3. Surmounted by a liberty-cap and staff, and thirteen stars, inclosed between two branches of palm, crossed. Beneath is inscribed No. 8, AUG. B. SAGE'S HISTORICAL TOKENS. Size 19. 86. NO 9 OF SAGE'S SERIES.-Obvherse. A representation of Richmond Hill house. Legend. RICHMOND HILL HOUSE, N. Y. ERECTED 1760. Reverse. WASHINGTON'S HEAD-QUARTERS, MAY, 1776. Surmounted by a pair of scales, and inclosed between branches of laurel. Beneath, No. 9, AUG. B. SAGE'S HISTORICAL TOKENS. Size 19. 1 The date here used is the old style, (0. S.,) as it is also on several other medals. ?~;~~~~~~~;j (b,. / 3j ______________: >c,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i I ~'~ ~ ~ D~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~!i~~ THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 49 87. No. 10 OF SAGE'S SERIES.- Obverse. A representation of the house at Tappan. Legend. WASHINGTON'S HEAD-QUARTERS AT TAPPAN. Reverse. A liberty tree. Above is inscribed, LIBERTY TREE. Beneath is the inscription, No. 10, AUG. B. SAGE'S HISTORICAL TOKENS. Size 19. 88. No. 11 OF SAGE'S SERIES.-Obverse. The house at Valley Forge. Legend. WASHINGTON'S HEAD-QUARTERS AT VALLEY FORGE. Reverse. A coiled serpent. Above is inscribed, DON'T TREAD ON ME, I HAVE DANGEROUS FANGS. Beneath are eight stars in a line, and the inscription, No. 11, AUG. B. SAGE'S HISTORICAL TOKENS. Size 19. 89. WASHINGTON'S DEATH.-Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. BORN FEB. 22. 1732. DIED DEC. 14. 1799. Inscribed between branches of laurel. Size 20. 90. Obverse.-A Small bust of Washington. Reverse. A series of concentric circles. Size 12. 91. Same as No. 90, but smaller. Size 10. The two preceding pieces, and figure 27, Plate VI., are unfinished medalets, and appear to be all of the same type, though of different sizes. 92. TEMPERANCE MEDALET. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left. Legyemd. WASHINGTON -UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. Reverse. To THE CAUSE OF TEMPERANCE TEN DOLLARS, TO KING ALCOHOL NOT ONE CENT. Size 15. 93. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in uniform, facing to the right. Leyend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. An eye, surrounded by diverging rays and stars. Legend. SUCCESS TO THE UNITED STATES. Size 16. 94. Same as No. 92. Smaller size. Size 12. 95. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left. Legend. PATRIE PATER. Beneath is the date 1732. Reverse. PROVIDENCE LEFT HIM CHILDLESS THAT THE NATION MIGHT CALL HIIM FATIIER. 1799. Size 17. 5^0 0THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 96. WAS-INGTON'S DEATH.- Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing to the right. Beneath is inscribed, BORN FEB. 11. 1732. DIED DEC. 21. 1799. Legeld. GEORGE WASIIINGTON. Reverse. Same as No. 21, Plate VIII. Size 21. 97. Obverse. Head of Washington, facing to the left, inclosed in a wreath of laurel. No legend. The reverse of this piece has been filed, or ground away, and the inscription, A.D. 1800. 0. Ross engraved upon it. Size 14. 98. Obverse. Bust of Washington, enveloped in a Roman mantle, and facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. PRO PATRIA, inscribed between branches of laurel, crossed. Size 20. 99. Obve'rse. Same as "Siege of Boston" medalet. Reverse. The words PRO PATRIA, inscribed between branches of laurel, crossed. Size 20. 100. Obverse. Bust of Washington, enveloped in a Roman mantle, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. Same as the obverse of the " Siege of Boston" medalet. See No. 66, Plate XV. Size 20. 101. NORTH WALES.-Same as No. 68, with a bust facing to the right. Size 17. 102. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, with the name WASHINGTON inclosed in an oval compartment; outside of which is the advertising card, WOLFE, SPIES & CLARK, NEW YORK. Reverse. A tablet, bearing the bust of General Jackson, at threequarter face, and the word PRESIDENT. Size 16. 103. Obverse. Same as preceding piece. Reverse. Bust of Jackson, in military costume, in an oval compartment, and the name JACKSON above. 104. Obverse. Same head as medalet No. 95. Reverse. Card of "F. C. Key & Sons, Engravers, etc., Philada." Size 18. 105. Obverse. Equestrian figure of Washington, facing to the PLAT A.V 64 ~ ~ ~ 4.-' -, l.'~ ~~ ]~ ""~.:i~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~i oll -kni j YK^l - o."1''^ ~-' I ^I-l ^ "il l^' ~~'^ ~________',,~~~~ 44~~~~~~~G 636 ^lili' ^' "''^^'^ ^ n~~~~~~~~~~~~Iilll~i 13 6 i 16 64 I~~~~~ ~~~ I!/: 444 Ad, 1'' A 44;1 Me~'~;~< A~ jq~Kj B,~e3I, A " 34/444., 4 4 I,,.~~~~~~ —-- / / V3' ~~~~"Y/~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~~44 / 4 i, / /44 / >"'l ~~~~~~~~~t~~~~~~~~''1 4/74,/41 44/4/4 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 51 right. Beneath are the engravers' initials, B. & S., N. Y. Legend. GENL GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. Card of " Bale & Smith, Engravers, etc., N. Y." Size 15. 106. Obverse. Same device as the preceding piece. Beneath are the engravers' names, BALE & SMITH, N. Y. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. CARRY ME TO ATWOODS RAILROAD -IOTEL, 243 BOWERY, AND 3MY FACE IS GOOD FOR 3 CENTS. Inscribed in seven lines. Size 15. 107. Obverse. Small head of Washington, facing to the right, and inclosed in a wreath of oak. Reverse. Card of "Wright & Bale, Engravers, etc., N. Y." Size 12. 108. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. Card of "Edward Cogan, Coin dealer, Philada." Date 1859. Size 20. 109. Obverse. A copy of the Washington "Silver penny," of 1792. Reverse. Card of "William Idler, Coin dealer, Philada." Size 21. 110. Obverse. Bust of Washington, enveloped in a Roman mantle, and facing to the right. Beneath are two palm branches, crossed. Legendc. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. Business card of "A. B. Sage & Co., Coin dealers, N. Y." Size 10. 111. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right.. Legend. M. A. ABRAIIAMS. Beneath is the number "10" and six stars. Reverse. THE PEOPLES OUTFITTING STORE, WESTON MO. Size 18. 112. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, at three-quarter face to the left. Legend. GENERAL WASHINGTON. Reverse. Head of Liberty in imitation of the national gold coinage. Beneath is inscribed, COrPS MARKE. Eight stars around the edge. Size 17. 113. Obverse. Same as preceding piece. Reverse. An eagle, with expanded wings, an olive branch in the dexter, and three arrows in the sinister talon. Legend. COMPOSITIONS SPIEL MARKE. Size 17. 52 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 114. Same type as 112, with the legend, IN UNITATE PORTITUDO, and SPIEL MUNZE, on the reverse. Size 14. 115. Same type as No. 112. The inscription on the reverse is CoMPOs SPIEL MUNZE. Size 14. 116. Obverse. Same as No. 112. Reverse. The United States shield upon the eagle's breast. Size 14. 117. Obverse. Same as No. 112. Reverse. Same device as No. 112, with ten stars, and the inscription, SP MARKE. Size 14. 118. Obverse. Same as No. 112. Reverse. A representation of the Capitol at Washington. Beneath is inscribed, CAPITOL AT WASHINGTON, and above STRASSBURGER & NU-IN, CORNER OF MAIDEN LANE & WILLIAM STREET, NEW YORK. Size 14. 119. Obverse.-Same as No. 112. COMPOSITS SPIEL MARKE, on the reverse. Size 14. 120. SMALL OVAL MEDALLION.-Bust copied from Stuart. Smallest diameter 8. 121. SMALL OVAL MEDALLION.-Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Size 10. 122. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right, with the name of the engraver, MERRIAM, beneath. Legend. GEORGE WASIIINGTON+-BORN FEBRUARY 22, 1732. Reverse. BOSTON, JULY FOURTH, 1860. ORATION BY EDWARD EVERETT. Inscribed in six parallel lines, between branches of laurel, crossed. Size 20. 123. Obverse. Same as preceding piece. Reverse. Undraped bust of Everett, facing to the left. Legendl. BORN APRIL 11TI, 1794. Size 20. 124. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left, with the name of the engraver, KEY, beneath. Leyencl. PATR.IIE PATER. On the reverse are inscribed the words, VIRTUEf LIBERTY, AND INDEPENDENCE. Size 18. 125. Obvers. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Leyend. GEORGE WASHINGTON, BORN FEBRUARY 22, 1732. On the ~ ~ ~i - ------, i~~~~~i t H <'~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~' 7 n~~~~~~~~~~- ~ ~ ~ - N1 4 THE WASHIN GTON MEDALS. 53 )reverse is a tomb, and the inscription, DIED DECEMBER 14, 1799. RESURGIMUS. Size 20. 126. Obverse. Same as No. 122. Reverse. Bust of Franklin, in citizen's dress, facing to the left, and the inscription, BENJAMIN FRANKLIN, BORN JAN. 17, 1706. Size 20. 126. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. On the reverse is a rattlesnake, in an attitude of attack, with the words, DON'T TREAD ON ME, inscribed beneath. Size 10. 128. Obverse. Busts of Washington and Franklin in citizens' dress, with the name of the engraver, BALE, beneath. On the ireverse are inscribed the words, PAR NOBILE FRATRUM, in three parallel lines, between branches of laurel, crossed. Size 16. 129. Obverse. Busts of Washington and Lafayette; the former undraped and facing to the left, between branches of laurel, crossed, and the initials of the engravers, W. & B. beneath. Reverse. Same as preceding piece. Size 16. 130.1 Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, three-quarter face to the left, with the name of the engraver, BALE, beneath. Reverse. Bust of Franklin, in citizen's dress, three-quarter face to the right. Size 13. 131. PRESIDENCY RELINQUISHED.- Obverse. Bust of Washington, in civil dress, facing to the right. Legeqnd. GEORGE WASHINGTON PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. On the lower portion of the bust is the engraver's name, HALLIDAY, S. Reverse. A pedestal bearing upon one side the United States shield; over it is thrown a lion's skin, on which is deposited a fasces and a sword encircled with laurels. The emblems of authority, civil and military, deposited upon the table of the union. Beneath is the date The reference at p. 34 should be to Nos. 131 and 132, instead of 135 and 136; and on same page, to No. 137, instead of 141. 8 54 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 1797. Legend. COMMISSION RESIGNED: PRESIDENCY RELINQUISHED. Size 32. 132. PRESIDENCY RELINQUISHED.-Same type as figure 15, Plate VII. Size 25. 133. Obverse. Bust of Washington, on a pedestal, on which is depicted a ship sailing, a man plowing, military trophies, etc. To right of the pedestal is a figure of Minerva, and to the left, an Indian chief in war costume. Legend. GEN. GEO. WASHINGTON, PRESI. OF THE UNIT. STA. Exergue. BORN FEB. 1732. DIED DEC. 1799. No reverse. Size 40.1 134. Obverse. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the left, with the initials of the engraver beneath, W. F. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. BORN FEB. 22d, 1732. CHOSEN COMMANDER IN CHIEF, JULY, 1799. CHOSEN PRESD. 1789. DIED DECR. 14, 1799, AGED 68 YEARS. Inscribed in six parallel lines, surrounded by a wreath of oak, crossed. Size 28. 135. Issued in 1834, to commemorate the death of General Lafayette. It is the same as figure 11, Plate VI., except that the names of M. Van Buren, W. H. Harrison, and J. K. Polk do not appear upon it. At a subsequent period the die was altered-the names just stated being added, and Medal No. 11 produced. 136. Undraped bust of Washington, facing to the right. Legend. GEORGE WASHINGTON. Reverse. Bust of Martha Washington, facing to the left. MARTHA WASHINGTON." Size 14. 137. Obverse. Bust of Washington, in military costume, facing to the left. Legend. G. WASHINGTON C. C. A. U. S. Reverse. An eagle volant with lightning in her talons and an olive branch in her beak, descending to the globe on which is depicted the United States. Above the eagle is the date 1783. Same reverse as the Peace Medal, No. 17. Size 26. This beautiful piece was presented by Dr. M. W. Dickerson, of Philadelphia, who has lately published a valuable work on Numismatics. li4",M S 4>4> 4 K~ ~ "~~> <$ % ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 7 4 ~~ >X 1 THE WASHINGTON MEDALS. 55 138. Obverse same as No. 34. Beverse. Liberty seated and resting against the American shield. A ship in the distance. Legend. LIBERTY AND INDEPENDENCE. In addition to the foregoing, the Washington Cabinet contains many other memorials of Washington, such as medallions, badges, pens, breastpins, buttons, etc., some of which have been used as badges, and worn by various societies and companies; others have been affixed to manufactured articles, and others used as articles of dress. Of the former there is a large bust of Washington in brass, from Stuart. In this badge the outside metal has been cut away, leaving the simple bust. Also the badge of the " Washington Fire Company," of Philadelphia, struck in copper, which is a bust of Washington, at three-quarter face. Of the latter there are three different busts, similar in appearance, but differing slightly in size, all undraped and facing to the right. A small bust, rather unfinished in its execution, facing to the right. The " Washington Medallion Pen Company" use the bust of Washington on their pens-each pen bearing a small undraped bust, facing to the right. There is also a gentleman's breastpin bearing a small bust of Washington at three-quarter face to the right. It has the appearance of being printed on paper; being placed in a small circular rim or cap, and covered with glass. Beneath the cap containing the bust is attached a square and compass, the emblems of masonry. There is also a bust of Washington enveloped in a Roman mantle, and facing to the right, cut in lcva from Mount Vesuvius; probably intended for a lady's breastpin. Various firms, corporations, and secret societies use Washington's bust in their business cards and seals; of these there is a copy of the card of "A. H. McClement," engraver, etc., of Philadelphia; this is an oblong card conta.ilning a, bust of Washingtlon, in civil attire, and 56 TTHE WASHINGTON MEDALS. facing to the right, the advertisement being disposed around it. The seal of the "Washington Fire and Marine Insurance Company;" a bust of Washington in a Roman mantle, facing to the left. Also the seal of the Washington Lodge of Odd Fellows," Norfolk, Va.; a similar bust to the one just mentioned, but somewhat smaller. There are also four Washington buttons in the Cabinet, which were worn at the period of his presidency, namely:1. BUTTON.-An eagle, with expanded wings, the United States shield upon its breast, an olive branch in the dexter, and three arrows in the sinister talon. Above tie eagle's head is the sun, with diverging rays. Legend. MENMORABLE ERA, MARCH THE FOURTH 1789. Size 21. 2. BUTTON.-The initials G. W. in an oval compartment; above, in an arch, is the legend, LONG LIVE THE PRESIDENT. Size 21. 3. BUTTON.-The initials G. W. surrounded by the legend LONG LIVE THE PRESIDENT. Around the edge is a chain, composed of thirteen links, each link containing the initials of a State. Size 21. 4. BUTTON.-Bust of Washington, facing to the left. Legend. REAIEMMBER MARC:I FOURTH, 1789. Size 21, We close this part of our work by inserting a remark, made by the writer oil the occasion of presenting the "Cabinet Medal" to the officers and employ6s of the Mint:The possession of this memorial of our beloved Washington cannot increase our love and admiration for him, because he is now, and ever will be, "first in the hearts of his countrymen;" but it may serve to keep in our recollections his heroic virtues and his disinterested patriotism. It may also produce in us a greater reverence for the Constitution and laws of our country; and teach us always to regard the union of the States as the palladium of our political safety and prosperity. Os-r jax -,K- Wr ks NATIONAL MEDALS. IN this division are included all the medals which have been ordered by special resolutions of Congress; also such as are prepared for, and used by the United States government in making treaties with the Indian nations of our country-called the Presidential Medals; and also such other public medals as the national government has directed to be struck. In the Cabinet of the Mint these medals are arranged under the following heads: 1. Army. 2. Navy. 3. Presidential. 4. Miscellaneous. In the descriptions herein given we follow the same order. As our government has existed but eighty-four years, the list of national medals must necessarily be a brief one when compared with that of other countries of greater antiquity. And yet it will be seen that in this particular we have, in some degree at least, kept pace with that wonderful progress which we have made in population and wealth. There were eleven medals struck by order of the Continental Congress to commemorate the war of the Revolution. The first in order of time as well as of dignity, is the medal which commemorates the evacuation of Boston by the British troops in 1776. In reference to this event, we find in the Journals of Congress the following entries:"MONDAY, March 25, 117 6. " Sundry letters were laid before Congress and read. One from General Washington, of the nineteenth, wherein he informs Con(59) 60 NATIONAL MEDALS. gress that on the seventeenth, the enemy evacuated Boston, and our troops took possession of it. "Resolvecd That the thanks of this Congress in their own name, and in the name of the Thirteen United Colonies whom they represent, be presented to his Excellency General Washington, and the officers and soldiers under his command, for the wise and spirited conduct in the siege and acquisition of Boston; and that a medal of gold be struck in commemoration of this great event and presented to his Excellency; and that a committee of three be appointed to prepare a letter of thanks, and a proper device for the medal. "The members chosen, were Mr. J. Adams, Mr. Jay, and Mr. Hopkins." The beautiful and interesting medal which commemorates this event-the first flight of the enemy-was prepared and struck in Paris under the direction of Dr. Franklin, then our minister to France. An engraving of this medal is presented on Plate IV. of the Washington Memorials. The other revolutionary medals, as well as those of subsequent dates, are herein described in their chronological order. The difficulty between France and the United States in 1799, has but one medal to commemorate it, namely, that which was struck in honor of Commodore Truxton. This medal was ordered by Congress, by joint resolutions, approved March 29, 1800, as follows: " Resolved, That the President of the United States be requested to present to Captain Thomas Truxton a golden medal, emblematical of the late action between the United States frigate Constellation, of thirty-eight guns, and the French ship-of-war La Vengeance, of fifty-four; in testimony of the high sense entertained by Congress of his gallant and good conduct in the above engagement, wherein an example was exhibited by the captain, officers, NATIONAL IMEDALS. _1 sailors, and marines, honorable to the American name, and instructive to its rising, navy. "And it is further resolved, That the conduct of James Jarvis, a midshipman in said frigate, who gloriously preferred certain death to an abandonment of his post, is deserving of the highest praise, and that the loss of so promising an officer is a subject of national regret.".The war with Tripoli has also one medal to commemnorate it. It was awarded to Commodore Preble for his gallantry and good conduct displayed in the several attacks on the town, batteries, and naval forces of Tripoli in 1804. The war of 1812, with England, has given us thirty-seven medals. Of these, sixteen are for naval victories; the devices and inscriptions on them show that the phrase'"rising navy," used in the resolutions of 1800 above cited, was well maintained. The catalogue presents the names of Decatur, Bainbridge, Stewart, Perry, McDonough, Hull, Lawrence, Biddle and other naval heroes. So also our army faithfully maintained the national honor in many well-contested fields, of which the medals awarded to Brown, Ripley, Scott, Harrison and others, are historical memorials. And the crowning victory at New Orleans is appropriately commemorated by the finely executed nmedal presented to Jackson by the resolutions of Congress of February 27, 1815. There are four national medals as historic vouchers of the success of our arms in the war with Mexico. 1. Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma. 2. Monterey. 3. Buena Vista. 4. The actions at Vera Cruz, Cerra Gordo, Contreras, San Antonio, Cherubusco, Molino del Rey, Chapultepec, and the City of Mexico. The three first named were awarded to 2Iajor-General Zachary Taylor "for the fortitude, skill, enterprise, and courage which distinguished the operations on the Rio Grande." The last one was voted to MajorGeneral WinTfield Scott, as a testimloniall "of the high sense enter — 9 62 NATIONAL MEDALS. tained by Congress of his valor, skill, and judicious conduct in the memorable campaign of eighteen hundred and forty-seven." The rank and title of Lieutenant-General is now held by the veteran Scott. It was promptly conferred upon him by President Pierce, on the passage of the resolutions by Congress of the 15th of February, 1855, permitting it to be done. It is a well-merited acknowledgment of his eminent services to his country. C?,,V? 7 t..E'.'. V, NATIONAL MEDALS. ARMY. WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 1. WASHINGTON BEFORE BOSTON. THIS medal of Washington is arranged among the Washington pieces, and is described on page 30 of this work; a copy of the resolution of Congress ordering it to be struck will also be found on page 60. It is inserted in this list because it is one of the National Medals, and it is the only Washington Medal ordered by Congress, or the Government. It was struck in gold. Size 42. 2. MAJOR-GENERAL GATES. OCCASION. The surrender, at Saratoga, of Lieutenant-General Burgoyne and his army, October 17, 1777. A medal of gold was presented to General Gates, by resolution of Congress of November 4, 1779. Obverse.-Device. Head of General Gates, the recipient, in profile. Legend. HORATIO GATES DUCI STRENUO. Exerguie. COMITIA AMERICANA. Name of engraver, N. GATTEAUX, below the bust of the General. Reverse. —Device. General Burgoyne, in front of his troops, who are grounding their arms and laying down their colors, is represented in the act of surrendering his sword to General Gates, at the (63) 64 NATIONAL MEDALS. head of the American line, with their arms shouldered and their colors advanced. To the side of the commanders are a drum and colors. Legend. SALUS REGIONUMi SEPTENTRIONAL. Exergue. H-OSTE AD SARATOGUSM INDEDITION. ACCEPTO DIE XVII. OCT., MDCCLXXVII. Size 34. 3. MAJOR-GENERAL WAYNE. OcCxSION. —A gold medal was awarded to General Wayne, by resolution of Congress of July 26, 1779, for the taking of Stony Point, on the HIudson River, by storm, on the night of the 15th of July, 1779. Obverse.-Device. An Indian queen, emblematic of America, wearing a short apron of feathers, a quiver upon her back, and a mantle hanging behind from the girdle of her apron; she holds in her left hand a mural crown towards General Wayne, to whom she is presenting with her right a wreath of laurel. General Wayne holds his chapeau in his left hand, and is receiving the wreath with his right hand. At the feet of the queen is a bow and an alligator, resting upon which is a shield bearing the arms of the United States. Legend. ANTONIO WAYNE DUCI EXERCITUS. Exergue. COSMITIA AMIERICANA. Reverse.-Device. A fort upon an eminence; troops advancing in front and rear up the hill to storm it. An officer is leading his men, with charged bayonets, over abatis in the foreground, in pursuit of a retreating enemy. Ships in sight upon the river, and troops advancing along the shore. Legend. STONY POINT EXPUGNATTUMT. Exergue. xv JUL., IMDCCLXXIX. Size 34. 4. CAPTAIN STEWART. OCCASION.-A second medal, (of silver,) commemorative of the taking of Stony Point, was awarded by resolution of Congress of July 26, 1779, to Captain Stewart. NArTIONAL MEIALS. 65 Obverse.-Device. An Indian queen, personifying America, is represented with quiver upon her back, and bow and an alligator at her feet, presenting a palm branch to Captain Stewart. With her left hand she sustains a shield resting upon the ground, and bearing the American shield. Legend. JOIANNI STEWART COIORTIS PREJFECTO. Exergue. COMITIA AMERICANA. Reverse. —Same as No. 3. Size 34. 5. COLONEL FLEURY. OCCASioN.-A third medal, struck under the resolution of Congress of July 26, 1779, in honor of the taking of Stony Point from the British, was of silver, and was awarded to Colonel Fleury, for his conduct during that engagement. Obverse.-Device. A soldier, helmeted, clothed, and armed after the ancient Roman fashion, is standing among the ruins of a fort, trampling upon a flag with his right foot, the staff of which he holds in his left hand. In his right hand, which is extended, he carries a naked sword. Legeznd. VIRTUTIS ET AUDACIzE MONUM. ET PREIAEIUUM. Exergue. D. DE FLEURY EQUITI GALLO PRIMO SUPERMUROS RESP. AIERIC.. D.. Du, Vivier. S. Reverse. -Device. A fort with two turrets, and a flag flying upon a hill overlooking the river below, upon which vessels are visible. At the left base of the hill are two water batteries, one of which is being discharged at a vessel upon the river. Legend. AGGERES PALUDES HOSTES VICTI. Exergue. STONY PT. EXPUGN. XV JUJL. AMDCCLXXIX. Size 29. 6. MAJOR HENIRY LEE. OCCASION.-By resolution of Congress of September 24, 1779, a gold medal was directed to be presented to Major (afterwards General) Lee, for his attack upon a body of British troops and the fort at Paulus Hook, N. J., on the 19th of July, 1779. Q6Qj ~ NATIONAL MEDALS. Obverse.-Device. The bust of Major Lee. Legend. HENRICO LEE, LEGIONIS EQUIT. PRJEFECTO. Exergue. COMITIA AMERICANA. Reverse.-No device. Legend. NON OBSTANTIB. FLUMINIBUS, VALLIS, ASTUTIA ET VIRTUTE BELLICA, PARVA MANU HOSTES VICIT VICTOSQ. ARMIS HUMANITATE DEVINXIT. IN MEM. PUGN. AD PAULUS HOOK. DIE xIX AUG., MDCLXXIX.1 Size 36. 7. JOHN PAULDING, DAVID WILLIAMS, AND ISAAC VAN WERT. OccAsION.-Three silver medals were awarded by vote of Congress of November 3d, 1780, to John Paulding, David Williams, and Isaac Van Wert, who intercepted Major John Andre in the character of a spy, and notwithstanding the large bribes offered them for his release, nobly disdaining to sacrifice their country for the sake of gold, secured and conveyed him to the commanding officer of the district, whereby the dangerous and traitorous conspiracy of Benedict Arnold was brought to light, the insidious designs of the enemy baffled, and the United States rescued from impending danger. These medals, which were of oblong shape, were presented to the recipients in the presence of the whole American army, during the following year, by General Washington, together with a copy of the resolution of Congress, awarding them each a pension of $200 annually during life, and a vote of thanks for their patriotic conduct. Obverse.-~Device. A raised shield surrounded by branches of laurel and palm. Legend. FIDELITY. Reverse.-Device. A wreath formed of palm branches inclosing a blank for the insertion of the name of the recipient of the medal. Legeld. VINCIT AMOR PATRIE. Size 26 x 34. 1 Engraver's error. The year was 1779. NATIONAL MEDALS. 7 8. GENERAL MORGAN. OccASION.-Victory of the American arms at Cowpens, North Carolina. By resolution of Congress of March 9, 1781, a gold medal was ordered for presentation to General Morgan. Obverse.-Device. An Indian queen, with a quiver upon her back, emblematic of America, is represented placing a laurel wreath upon the brow of General Morgan, who is leaning upon his sword. Cannons and various military implements are presented in the background. Legend. DANIELI MORGAN DUCI EXERCITUS. Exergue. COMITIA AMERICANA. Dapre. F. Reverse.-Device. A mounted officer leading his troops, who carry the American colors, in pursuit of a retreating enemy, bearing the British flag. A combat between an unhorsed dragoon and an Indian on foot is represented in front, and a general engagement in the background. Legend. VICTORIA LIBERTATIS VINDEX. Exergue. FUGATIS, CAPTIS AUT C2ESIS AD COWPENS HOSTIBUS xVII JAN., MDCCLXXXI. Dulpre inv. et f Size 36. 9. COLONEL JOHN EGAR HOWARD. OccASION.-By a resolution of Congress of March 9, 1781, a silver medal was awarded to Lieutenant-Colonel John Egar Howard, for his intrepidity and skill at the battle of Cowpens. Obverse.-Device. A mounted officer is pursuing, and about to strike down, with his uplifted sword, a retreating foot soldier bearing a stand of colors. Victory, carrying a palm branch in her left hand, is descending between them, and in front of the officer, over whose head she holds a wreath of laurel in her right hand. Legend. JorI. EGAR. HOWARD, LEGIONIS PEDITUMI PRAFECTO. Exergue. COMITIA AMERICANA. Duviv. Reverse.-No device. Leged. (Inclosed within a wreath of 68S NATIONAL MEDALS. laurel.) QUOD IN NUTANTEM IHOSTIUM 1 ACIEM SUBITO IRRUENS PRzECLARUM BELLICE VIRTUTIS SPECIMEN DEBIT IN PUGNA AD COWPENS XVII JAN., MIDCCLXXXI. 3Sze 30. 10. COLONEL WILLIAM WASHINGTON. OCCASION.-In honor of the brilliant victory obtained at Cowpens by the American troops over a far superior force of British regulars, under Lieutenant-Colonel Tarleton, a medal was struck as follows: Obverse.-Device. A mounted officer in front is leading a body of American cavalry in pursuit of British troops, who are rapidly retreating. Victory, with a palm branch in her left, and a wreath of laurel in her right hand, is seen hoverioverver the eads of the American soldiers. Legen[d. GULIELMO WASIIINGTON LEGIONIS EQUIT. PRiEFECTO. Exergcue. COMITIA AMERICANA. Dut. (Name of the engraver, Duvivier.) Reverse. —No device. Legend. (Inclosed by a wreath of laurel.) QUOD PARVA MILITUM MANU STRENUE PROSECUTUS IIOSTES VIRTUTIS INGENITE PRECLARUM SPECIMIEN DEBIT IN PUGNA AD COWPENS, XVII JA1N., MfDCCLXXXI. Size 28. 11. MAJOR-GENERAL GREETNE. OCCASION.-By resolution of Congress of October 29, 1781, a gold medal was awarded to General Greene, for his gallant conduct at the battle of Eutaw Springs, South Carolina, September 8, 1781. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Greene. Legend. NATIIANIELI GREEN EGREGIO DUCI. COMITIA AMERICANA. Reverse.-Device. Victory, bearing in her left hand a palmi branch, and holding in her upraised right a wreath of laurel, is in the act of alighting upon the earth, stepping upon a broken shield, beneath and about which another shield, broken arms, a laurel branch and colors are lying. Dtuljre. Legend. SALUS RE;GIONUM AUiSTRALIUM. xere. oxerte. OSTI3BUS AD) EITAW DEBI3ELLATIS DIE VIII SEPT MDCCLXXX:.,Size 36. /7 NATIONAL MEDALS. 69 WAR OF 1812. 12. COLONEL GEORGE CROGHAN. OCCASION.-By resolution of Congress of February 13, 1835, a gold medal was presented to Colonel George Croghan, commander of Fort Stephenson, on Sandusky bay, and its garrison of one hundred and sixty men, for his gallant defence of that fort, on the 2d of August, 1813, against the attack of a greatly superior force of five hundred British regulars and eight hundred Indians, commanded by General Proctor. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Colonel Croghan. Legend. PRESENTED BY CONGRESS TO COLONEL GEORGE CROGIHAN. xergue. 183. 5. FUest. F. Reverse.-Device. The American Fort Stephenson, at Sandusky, is represented with the men under arms within. A fire has been opened upon the English and the Indian line, which is seen in the right foreground advancing to the attack upon the fort. Three vessels upon the bay in the background. Legend. PARS MAAGNA FUIT. Exergue. SANDUSKY, 2: AUGUST, 1813. Furst. F. Sze 40. 13. MAJOR-GENERAL HARRISON. OCCASION.-By resolution of Congress of April 4, 1818, a gold medal was directed to be struck for General W. H. H-arrison, for his victory over the combined English and Indian forces at the battle of the Thames, on the 5th of October, 1813. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Harrison. Legend. MAJORGENERAL WILLIAM H. HARRISON. Fir st. Reverse.-~Device. A female is represented placing a wreath of laurel upon a stack of arms; a drum, cannon, bow, and quiver of arrows are near her feet. With her right hand she holds a halbert, and rests upon an American shield. From the point of the 10 70 NATIONAL MEDALS. stacked muskets and staff hangs a badge bearing the inscription, FORT MEIGS, BATTLE OF THE THAMES. Legend. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, APRIL 4, 1818. Exergue. BATTLE OF TIE TTHAES, OCTOBER 5, 1813. Size 40. Furst. F. 14. GOVERNOR ISAAC SHELBY. OccASIoN.-A second gold medal commemorative of the battle of the Thames was voted by Congress, by resolution of April 4, 1818, to Governor Isaac Shelby. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Governor Shelby. Legend. GOVERNOR ISAAC SHELBY. Furst. F. Reverse. -Device. The battle of the Thames. The Indian force is drawn up upon the edge of the wood in the right background. On the left background the American troops have broken the Indian line, and on the left foreground a body of American infantry are seen advancing to the attack. In the foreground, on the right, Governor Shelby is charging upon the enemy at the head of his mounted rangers; and in the centre, on the open space between the opposing columns, the principal event of the battle is represented-the death of the Indian chief Tecumseh, at the hands of Colonel Johnson. Legend. BATTLE OF TIlE TIHAMES, OCTO. 5, 1813. Exergue. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, APRIL 4, 1818. Furst.F. Size 40. 15. MAJOR-GENERAL SCOTT. OCCASION.-By resolution of Congress of November 3, 1814, a gold medal was directed to be struck for presentation to General Winfield Scott, in testimony of the high sense entertained by Congress of his distinguished services in the successive conflicts of Chippewa andl Niagara, July 5 and 25, 1814, and of his uniform gallantry and good conduct in sustailing the reputation of the arms of the United States. NATIONAL MEDALS. 71 Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Scott. Legend. MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT. Farst. F. Reverse.-An inscription inclosed by a circle formed of a serpent, entwined by a wreath of laurel and palm, viz.: RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS NOVEMBER 3, 1814. BATTLES OF CIIIPPEWA, JULY 5, 1814; NIAGARA, JULY 25, 1814. Size 40. Plate XVIII. 16. MAJOR-GENERAL GAINES. OccASIoN.-By the resolution of Congress of November 3, 1814, a gold medal was awarded to General Gaines for his gallant defence of Fort Erie on the occasion of its attack by the British force under General Drummond, August 15, 1814. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Gaines. Legend. MAJORGENERAL EDAUND P. GAINES. Reverse.-Device. Victory standing upon a shield, which is lying on a sword, musket, halbert, and ball; a palm branch is in her left hand, and she is placing with her right a laurel wreath upon the cascabel of a cannon fixed upright in the ground, with a scroll running round it bearing the inscription, ERIE. Against one of its trunnions rests the British colors, and from the other hangs a sword, and leaning upon it a halbert. On the ground to the right of the cannon are a howitzer, helmet, and balls, the trophies of victory. Lege-nd. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, NOVEMBER 3, 1814. Exergue. BATTLE OF ERIE, AUGUST 15, 1814. Frst. F. Size 40. 17. MAJOR-GENERAL PORTER. OCcASIoN.-A third gold medal, commemorative of the victories obtained over the British forces at Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie, was presented by resolution of Congress of November 3, 1814, to General P. B. Porter.. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Porter. Legend. MAJORGENERAL PETER B. PORTER. 72 NATIONAL MEDALS. Reverse.-Device. Victory, standing, bears in her right hand a laurel wreath and palm branch, and in her left she holds out three flags, inscribed, severally, ERIE, CHIPPEWA, NIAGARA; the Muse of History, seated before her, is recording the victories at these places. Legend. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, NOVEMBER 3, 1814. ~Exergue. BATTLES OF CHIPPEWA, JULY 5, 1814; NIAGARA, JULY 25, 1814; ERIE, SEPTEMBER 17, 1814. Furst. F. Size 40. 18. MAJOR-GENERAL BROWN. OccASIoN.-The fourth gold medal struck in honor of the victories obtained by the American arms at Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie, was ordered by the resolution of Congress of November 3, 1814, to General Jacob Brown. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Brown. Le/gend. MAJORGENERAL JACOB BROWNN. Reverse.-Device. The Roman fasces, indicative of the union of the States and the strength of the Confederacy, surrounded, upon both sides, by stands of British colors, swords, muskets, and other military emblems. From the top of the fasces hangs a wreath of laurel, from which three tablets are suspended, bearing, respectively, the inscriptions, NIAGARA, ERIE, CHIPPEWA; and at its base, in front, the American eagle is standing upon the British flag. Legend. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, NOVEMBER 3, 1814. Exergue. BATTLES OF CHIIPPEWA, JULY 5, 1814; NIAGARA, JULY 25, 1814; ERIE, SEPTEMIBER 17, 1814. Furst. F. Size 40. 19. BRIGADIER-GENERAL MILLER. OccASION.-The fifth gold medal commemorative of the victories achieved over the British forces at Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie, was awarded by Congress, under its resolution of November 3, 1814, to General Miller. NATIONAL MEDALS. 73 Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Miller. Legedl. BRIGADIERGENERAL JAMES MILLER. Exergue. I'LL TRY. Reverse.-Device. The English forces are represented as drawn up on the brow of a hill, where the advance of the American line is charging upon thenm and General Miller is leading on his column to obtain possession of the battery which was so destructive to the American line. On the plain below, in the left background, the American camp is seen with the reserve corps in position. On the right and left foreground American troops are advancing to the attack of the British line upon the hill. In front is an artillery truck drawn by four horses, with artillery men riding. Legend. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, NOVEM1BER 3, 1814. Exergue. BATTLES OF CHIPPEWA, JULY 5, 1814; NIAGARA, JULY 25, 1814; ERIE, SEPTEMBER 17, 1814. Furrst. F. Size 40. 20. BRIGADIER-GENERAL RIPLEY. OccASION.-The sixth gold medal presented under the resolution of Congress of November 3, 1814, to the several generals of the American forces present at the battles of Chippewa, Niagara, and Erie, was awarded to General Ripley. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Ripley. Lege.nd. BRIGADIERGENERAL ELEAZER W. RIPLEY. leverse.-~Device. Fame is represented hanging upon the branches of a palm-tree a tablet bearing the inscriptions CGIPPEWA, NIAGARA, ERIE. In her right hand she carries a wreath of laurel, and bears her trumpet. Legencd. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, NOVEMBER 3, 1814. Exergue. BATTLES OF CHIPPEWA, JULY 5, 1814; NIAGARA, JULY 25, 1814; ERIE, AUGUST 15, SEPTEMBER 17, 1814. Furst. F. Size 40. 21. MAJOR-GENERAL MACOMB. OccASIoN.-By resolution of Congress of November 3, 1814, a gold medal was awarded to General Macomb, for his gallant con 74 NATIONAL MEDALS. duct at the battle of Plattsburg, on the occasion of its attack by the English army, September 11, 1814. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Macomb. Legend. MAJORGENERAL ALEXANDER MACOMB. PReverse.-Device. A representation of the battle of Plattsburg. In the left background vessels-of-war are shown upon the lake, in action; smaller craft are sailing about; and beyond, in the right background, mountains are visible. On the left foreground the American line is seen in position, repulsing the British forces, which are advancing across the bridge from Plattsburg, in view to the left in flames. Legend. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, NOVEMBER 3, 1814. Exergue. BATTLE OF PLATTSBURG, SEPTE3MBER 11, 1814. Fdur't. F. Size 40. 22. MAJOR-GENERAL JACKSON. OCCASION.-A gold medal was awarded to General Jackson, by resolution of Congress of February 27, 1815, for his brave and successful repulse of the English troops, under General Sir Edward Packenham, in their attack upon New Orleans, January 8, 1815. Oblerse.-Device. Bust of General Jackson. Legend. MAJoRGENERAL ANDREW JACKSON. Rieverse.-Device. Victory is represented seated, sustaining with her left hand, in which she holds a laurel wreath, and from which a palm branch has fallen, a tablet upon which she is about to note the victory of the 8th of January, 1815, heading the record with the name ORLEANS. She is interrupted by Peace, bearing an olive branch in her right hand, and touching the tablet with her left, and is directing her to register the termination of the war between the United States and Great Britain, and the consummation of peace consequent thereupon. Legend. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, FEBRUARY 27, 1815. Exergue. BATTLE OF NEW ORLEANS, JANUARY 8, 1815. Furst. F. Size 40. Plate XIX. w NATTONAL ME)ALS. 7 WAR WITH MEXICO. 23. MAJOR-GENERAL TAYLOR. OCCASION.-A gold medal was awarded by resolution of Congress of July 16, 1846, to General Taylor, for the victories obtained by the troops under his command, over the Mexican forces, in the battles fought at Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Taylor. Legend. MAJORGENERAL ZACHARY TAYLOR. Reverse.-Device. A circle formed by a serpent, entwined by laurel and palm, within which is the inqscription: RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, JULY 16Ti, 1846. PALO ALTO, MAY 8TI, 1846. RESACA DE LA PALMAIA MAY 9THI 1846. Size 40. 24. MAJOR-GENERAL TAYLOR. OCCASION.-A second medal of gold was awarded to General Taylor, by resolution of Congress of March 2, 1847, for his brilliant victory over the Mexican army at Monterey, and the successful storming of that city by his troops. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Taylor. Legend. MAJORGENERAL ZACHARY TAYLOR. Reverse.-Deviice. A wreath formed of two oak branches, within which is the inscription: RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, MARCH 2ND, 1847. MONTEREY, SEPTEMBER, 1846. Size 40. 25. MAJOR-GENERAL TAYLOR. OccASIoN.-A third gold medal was presented to General Taylor, under the resolution of Congress of May 9, 1848, for the victory obtained by the American army under his command, over the 76 JNATIONAL MEDALS. Mexican army of much superior numerical strength, on the 22d and 23d of February, 1847, at Buena Vista. Obverse.-Device. Head of General Taylor, beneath which is a wreath of oak and laurel branches. Leygend. MAJOR-GENERAL ZACHARY TAYLOR. Exergue. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, MAY 9, 1848. C. a ig. 7rig.F.; S. Ellis. Del. Reverse.-Device. A circle formed by two snakes-one of them a rattlesnake —incloses a representation of the battle of Buena Vista. The distant background is skirted by a chain of mountains; on the left, the Mexican force is drawn up, and a party of Americans are advancing to attack them. From the right background a body of Mexican lancers is approaching. In the left foreground a breastwork has been thrown up, from behind which a fire is kept up upon the Mexican line. On an elevation in the right foreground General Taylor is seen mounted, with his staff about him, and to his right the American reserve corps in position. Legend. BUENA VISTA, FEB. 22 AND 23, 1847. F. A. Smnith. Del.; C. C. Wright. Scu2p. Size 40. Plate XX. 26. MAJOR-GENERAL SCOTT. OCCASION.-By resolution of Congress of March 9, 1848, a gold medal was awarded to General Scott for the several victories of the American army under his command, obtained over the Mexican troops during the war between the United States and the republic of Mexico. Obverse.-Device. Bust of General Scott, at each side of which are fifteen stars, representing the thirty States then composing the Union. Legentd. MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT. Exergue. RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS MARCI 9, 1848. S.Ellis. Del.; C. G. r'igdht. F. Reverse.-Device. Representations of the several engagements during the Mexican campaign at which General Scott commanded, each one inclosed by a wreath formed of laurel and oak branches, - MR: — R:-Nm 1-tli e N.~j iC,0 4q~~~~~~~~~~~cet~'J r~I~~-j I ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~I ~~~~~~~~ 1~~~~~~~~~~~~~7 C~~~~~~~~~~~~~~V NATIONAL MEDALS. 77 with the names of the several localities at which the battles occurred. The centre is occupied by a view of the taking of the CITY OF MEXICO, and is surrounded by others of the actions at VERA CRUZ, CERRO GORDO, CONTRERAS, SAN ANTONIO & CHERUBUSCO, MOLINO DEL REY, CHAPULTEPEC. C. C Humpthries. Del.; C. C. Vrighlt. fect. Plate XXI. Size 56. NAVY. WAR OF THE REVOLUTION. 27. CAPTAIN JOHN PAUL JONES. OccASION.-By resolution of Congress passed October 16, 1787, a gold medal was awarded to Captain John Paul Jones, of the Bon Homme Richard, of 40 guns, for the capture of the English frigate Serapis, of 44 guns, Captain Pearson, after a very severe engagement by moonlight, of four hours' duration, on the 23d of September, 1779. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Jones. Legend. JOANNI PAVLO JONES CLASSIS PREFEECTO. Exergue. COMITIA AMERICANA. Reverse.-Device. A representation of the engagement between the Bon Homme Richard and the Serapis, which are grappled, yard-arm and yard-arm. The Serapis is very much shattered in the side. The Countess of Scarborough, of 22 guns, the consort of the Serapis, is lying across her bows. Sailors are in the water clinging to floating spars. Legend. HOSTIVM NAVVIBVS CAPTIS AVT FVGATIS. Exergue. AD ORAM SCOTIE XXIII SEPT., MDCCLXXVIIII. Dttfre. F. Size 35. 11 78 NATIONAL MEDALS. DIFFICULTIES WITH FRANCE. 28. CAPTAIN THOMAS TRUXTUN. OCCASION.-The action of the 2d of February, 1800, between the American frigate Constellation, of 38 guns, commanded by Captain Truxtun, and the French frigate La Vengeance, of 52 guns. The engagement lasted from eight o'clock P.r. until halfpast one o'clock A.M. The French were defeated in the action, but succeeded in escaping with their ship in a sinking condition; the Constellation having lost her mainmast. A gold medal was voted by Congress on the 24th of March, 1800, to Captain Truxtun, for his good conduct in this action. Obverse.-Device. The head of Captain Truxtun. No legend. Reverse. Device. A representation of the engagement between the French frigate La Vengeance and the American frigate Constellation; both vessels are much shattered and their rigging much cut. No legend. Exergue. BY VOTE OF CONGRESS TO TIHOMAS TRUXTUN, 24 MAR., 1800. Size 35. NoTE.-The Constellation, commanded by Captain Truxtun, captured the French frigate L'Insurgente, of 40 guns, on the 9th of February, 1800. WAR WITH TRIPOLI. 29. COMMODORE PREBLE. OCCASION.-By resolution of Congress of March 3, 1805, a gold medal was awarded to Commodore Preble, for his conduct in the bombardment of Tripoli on the 3d of August, 1804. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Commodore Preble. Legend. EDWARDO PREBLE DUCI STRENUO. Exergue. COMITIA AMERICANA. NATIONAL MEDALS. 79 Reverse.-~Device. Representing the bombardment, by the American fleet in the foregroundc of the forts and town of Tripoli in the background. The American vessels are drawn up in line, and several boats manned are seen in the water casting off to the attack of the enemy's shipping and batteries. Legend. VINDICI COMAIERCII AMERICANI. xergyZe. ANTE TRIPOLI MDCCCIV. Size 40. WA1R OF 1812. 30. CAPTAIN HULL. OCCASION.-For the capture, on the 19th August, 1812, after an engagement of thirty minutes, of the English frigate Guerriere, of 49 guns, Captain J. R. Dacres, by the TUnited States frigate Constitution, of 44 guns, commanded by Captain Isaac Hull, of Philadelphia, a gold medal was awarded to Captain Iull, by resolution of Congress of January 29 1S813. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Hull. Legend. ISAACus -HULL PERITOS ARTE SUPERAT JUL. [MDCCCXII AUG. CERTAMINE FORTES. Reverse.-Device. A representation of the action between the Constitution and the Guerriere. Every spar of the latter has been shot away by the well directed fire of the Constitution. The latter is but little injured. Legend. HORnE MOMIENTO VICTORIA. Exergue. INTER CONST. NAV. AMER. ET GUER. ANGL. Size 40. NOTE.-Silver medals were awarded also to each of the commissioned officers of the Coistitution. 31. CAPTAIN JACOB JONES. OcCASIoN.-The capture, on the 18th of October, 1812, after an action of forty-three minutes, of the British sloop-of-war Frolic, 80 NATIONAL MEDALS. of 22 guns, commanded by Captain Whinyates, by the American sloop-of-war Wasp, of 18 guns, under the command of Captain Jacob Jones, of Delaware, to whom a gold medal was awarded by resolution of Congress of January 29, 1813. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Jones. Legend. JACOBUS JONES VIRTUS IN ARDUA TENDIT. Reverse.-Device. A representation of the engagement between the Wasp and the Frolic. The maintopmast of the former has been shot away, and as she is run across the course of the Frolic, her crew are in the act of boarding the latter at her bow, and delivering a broadside as she passes. The bowsprit of the Frolic has run between the main and mizzen rigging of the Wasp. Legend. VICTORIAM IIOSTI MAJORI CELERRIME RAPUIT. Exergue. INTER WASP NAY. AMERI. ET FROLIC NAV. ANG. DIE XVIII OCT., MDCCCXII. Fursst. F. Size 40. NOTE.-Silver medals were also awarded to the commissioned officers under Captain Jones. 32. CAPTAIN DECATUR. CCCASION.-The capture, after an engagement of one hour and a half, on the 25th October, 1812, of the English frigate Macedonian, of 49 guns, Captain John S. Carden, by the American frigate United States, Captain Stephen Decatur, of Philadelphia, to whom Congress awarded a gold medal, by resolution of January 29, 1813. Obverse.-Device. The bust of Stephen Decatur. Legend. STEPHANUS DECATUR, NAVARCIIUS, PUGNIS PLURIBUS, VICTOR. Reverse.-Device. Representing the engagement of the two frigates. The topmasts of the Macedonian are shot away and her guns silenced; the United States has but a few shots through her sails. Legend. OCCIDIT STGNUM HOSTTLE SIDER-A. STTRGINT. Exergute. NATIONAL MEDALS. 81 INTER STA. UNI. NAV. AMIERI. ET MACEDO. NAV. ANG. DIE XXV. OCTOBRIS, MDCCCXII. Furst. F. Size 40. NOTE.-Silver medals were also awarded to each of the commissioned officers under Captain Decatur. 33. CAPTAIN BAINBRIDGE. OCCASION.-The capture, on the 29th December, 1812, after an engagement of two hours and five minutes, of the British frigate Java, of 49 guns, Captain Lambert, by the frigate Constitution, of 44 guns, Captain William Bainbridge, of Philadelphia, to whom Congress awarded a gold medal, by resolution approved March 3, 1813. Obverse.-Device. The bust of Captain Bainbridge. Legend. GULIELMUS BAINBRIDGE PATRIA VICTISQUE LAUDATUS. Reverse.-Device. The Java is represented with all her masts shot away; only the three stumps remain above deck. The Constitution, on the other hand, has but a few rents in her sails. Legeencl. PUGNANDO. Exergue. INTER CONST. NAV. AMERI. ET JAV. NAV. ANGL. DIE XXIX DECEM., MDCCCXII. Furst. F. Size 40. NoTE. —Silver medals were also awarded to the commissioned officers of the frigate Constitution. 34. CAPTAIN LAWRENCE. OCCASION.-T-he capture, after an action of fifteen minutes, on the 24th of February, 1813, of the British brig Peacock, of 20 guns and two swivels, Captain William Peake, by the American sloop-of-war Hornet, Captain James Lawrence, of New Jersey, who was subsequently killed (June 1, 1813) while in command of the American frigate Chesapeake, in her engagement with the British frigate Shannon, and to whose nearest male relative a gold lMedal was awarded by resolution of Congress of January 11, 82 NATIONAL MEDALS. 1814. By this resolution, the President of the United States was requested to communicate to the nearest male relative of Captain Lawrence the sense which Congress entertained of the loss which the naval service of the United States sustained in the death of that distinguished officer. Captain Lawrence, after receiving his mortal wound, issued that memorable order, "Don't give up the ship," which has since become the motto of the American navy. Obverse.-Device. The bust of Captain Lawrence. Legend. JAC. LAWRENCE, DULCE ET DECORUM EST PRO PATRIA MORI. Reverse.-Device. The Peacock, with her mizenmast shot away, is represented in the act of sinking, bow foremost; a boat from the Hornet is being rowed toward her. Legend. MANSUETUD. MAJ. QUAMI VICTORIA. Exergue. INTER HORNET NAV. AMERI. ET PEACOCK NAV. ANG. DIE XXIV FEB., MIDCCCXIII. Furst. F. Sze 40. NOTE.-Silver medals were also presented by Congress to each of the commissioned officers of the sloop Hornet. 35. LIEUTENANT BURRPOWS. OCCASION.-The capture, after an action of forty-five minutes, on the 4th of September, 1813, of the British sloop-of-war Boxer, of 14 guns, Captain Blythe, by the American brig Enterprise, also carrying 14 guns, under the command of Lieutenant Burrows, of Philadelphia, whose nearest male relative was awarded a gold medal by resolution of Congress of January 6, 1814. Lieutenant Burrows was killed in this action. Obverse.-Device. An urn placed upon a tomb, surrounded by various military emblems, and a wreath hanging from a trident. The pedestal bears the inscription W. BURROWS. Legend. VICTORIAM TIBI CLARAM, PATRIIE AIESTAM. Reverse.-Device. A view of the action between the Enterprise and Boxer, in sight of the coast. The Enterprise has her guns NATIONAL MEDALS. 83 silenced and her maintopmast shot away. Legend. VIVERE SAT VINCERE. Exergue. INTER ENTERPRISE NAV. AMERI. ET BOXER NAV. BRIT. DIE IV SEPT., MiDCCCXIII. Furst. F. Size 40. The original gold medal is now in the Mint. 36. LIEUTENANT McCALL. OCCASION.-The capture of the British sloop-of-war Boxer, as above stated. A gold medal was awarded by resolution of Congress of January 6, 1814, to Lieutenant Edward R. McCall, of South Carolina, the second in command of the American brig Enterprise during the engagement. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Lieutenant McCall. Legend. EDWARD R. MCCALL, NAVIS ENTERPRISE PREFECTUS. Exergue. SIC ITUR AD ASTRA. Reverse.-Device, legened, and exergue same as those on the preceding medal to Lieutenant Burrows. Furst. F. Size 40. NoTE. —Silver medals were also awarded by Congress to the other commissioned officers under Lieutenant Burrows. 37. CAPTAIN PERRY. OCCASION.-A gold medal was awarded by resolution of Congress of January 6, 1814, to Captain Perry, commander of the American fleet, composed of three brigs, five schooners, and one sloop, carrying 54 guns and two swivels, for the signal defeat of the British squadron, consisting of two ships, one brig, two schooners, and one sloop, carrying 63 guns, (three on pivots,) two howitzers, and two swivels, obtained upon Lake Erie, September 10, 1813. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Perry. Legend. OLIVERUS H.'PERRY, PRINCEPS STAGNO ERIENSE-CLASSIM TOTAM CONTUDIT. Reverse.-Device. The American and British fleets closely en 84 NATIONAL MEDALS. gaged on Lake Erie. Legend. VIAMi INVENIT VIRTUS AUT FACIT. Exeergue. INTER CLASS, AMIERI. ET BRIT. DIE X. SEPT., MDCCCXIII. Fu.st. F. Size 40. NoTE.-Congress also awarded medals of silver to each of the commissioned officers (whether of the army or navy) engaged in the action on Lake Erie, and one to the nearest male relative of Lieutenant John Brooks of the marine corps, who was killed during the engagement. 38. CAPTAIN ELLIOTT. OCCASION.-A second gold medal, struck in commemoration of the victory over the British squadron on Lake Erie, was awarded by resolution of Congress of January 6, 1814, to Captain Jesse Duncan Elliott, of Baltimore, the second in command of the American fleet during that contest. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Elliott. Legend. JESSE D. ELLIOTT, NIL ACTUII REPUTANS SI QUID SUPERESSET AGENDU3I. Reverse. —Device, legyend and exergue same as on the medal presented by Congress to Captain Perry. Furst. F. Size 40. 39. CAPTAIN WARRINGTON. OccASION.-By resolution of Congress of October 21, 1814, a gold medal was awarded to Captain Lewis Warrington, of Virginia, commander of the American sloop-of-war Peacock, of 18 guns, for the capture, on the 29th of March, 1814, after a contest of forty-two minutes, of the English brig-of-war Epervier, of a like number of guns, commanded by Captain Wales. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Warrington. Legend. LuDoVICUS WARRINGTON, DUX NAVALIS AIERI. Reverse.-Device. The engagement between the two vessels; the Epervier with her guns silenced and her topmast shot away. NATIONAL MEDALS. 85 Legend. PRO PATRIA PARATUS AUT VINCERE AUT MIORI. Exergue. INTER PEACOCK Nxv. AMERI. ET EPERVIE NAY. ANG. DIE XXIX MAR., MDCCCXIV. Furst. F. Size 40. 40. CAPTAIN BLAKELY. OCCASION. —For the capture, on the 28th of June, 1814, after an engagement of upwards of two hours, of the English sloop-ofwar Reindeer, of 19 guns, Captain Manners, by the American sloop-of-war Wasp, of 18 guns, Captain Blakely, of North Carolina, a gold medal was awarded by Congress to Captain Blakely, by resolution of November 3 1814. Obverse.-Device. The bust of Captain Blakely. Legend. JOHNSON BLAKELY, REIP. F(ED. AM. NAY. WASP DUX. Reverse.-Device. Representing the engagement between the Wasp and Reindeer; the guns of the latter vessel have been silenced, and her colors pulled down in token of surrender. Legencd. EIEEU! BIS VICTOR PATRIA TUA TE LUGET PLAUDITO. Exerguze. INTER WASP. NAV. AMERI. ET REINDEER NAV. ANG. DIE XXVIII JUNIUS MDCCCXIV. Furst. F. NoTE.-After the capture of the Reindeer Captain Blakely continued his cruise, and subsequently captured the British sloop-ofwar Avon, of 20 guns, and the British brig Atalanta, which he sent into the United States; the last-named vessel was taken on the 23d of September, 1814. From this period no tidings were ever received of this gallant officer nor of his ship. The vessel probably foundered at sea. It is to this sad fate of Captain Blakely that reference is made in the legend on the reverse of the foregoing medal. 41. CAPTAIN MACDONOUGHo OCCASION.-For the victory achieved upon Lake Champlain on the 11th September, 1814, over the British fleet, composed of one 12 86 NATIONAL MEDALS. frigate, one brig, two sloops, and thirteen galleys, carrying 95 guns, under Captain Downie, by the American squadron, under Captain Thomas Macdonough, composed of four vessels and ten galleys, and carrying 86 guns, a gold medal was awarded to Captain Macdonough by resolution of Congress, approved October 20, 1814. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Macdonough. Legend. THO. MACDONOUGH STAGNO CIIAMPLAIN CLAS. REG. BRIT. SUPERAVIT. Reverse. -Device. Representing the engagement between the American and English fleets; several boats rowed by sailors are upon the lake; to the right Plattsburg is seen in flames. Legend. UNO LATERE PERCUSSO. ALTERUMI IMPAVIDE VERTIT. Exergue. INTER CLASS. AMERI. ET BRIT. DIE XI SEPT. MDCCCXIIII. Fur.st. F. Size 40. 42. CAPTAIN HENLEY. OccAsION.-The second gold medal commemorative of the victory on Lake Champlain was awarded, by resolution of Congress of October 20, 1814, to Captain Robert Henley, of the American ship Eagle, the second in command of the American fleet during that engagement. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Henley. Legend. ROBT. HENLEY EAGLE PREFECT. PALMA VIRTU. PERIETERNIT FLOREBIT. Reverse.-Device, legend, and exergue the same as upon the preceding medal to Captain Macdonough. Furst. F. Size 40. 43. LIEUTENANT CASSIN. OCCASION.-The third gold medal commemorative of the American victory over the British fleet upon Lake Champlain was awarded, by resolution of Congress of October 20, 1814, to Lieutenant Stephen Cassin, in command of the American ship Ticonderoga during that contest. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Lieutenant Cassin. Legend. STEP. NATIONAL MEDALS. 87 CASSIN TICONDEROGA PRIEFECT. QUiE REGIO IN TERRIS NOS. NON PLENA LAB. Reverse. Device, legencl, and exergue the same as upon the preceding medals to Captains Macdonough and Henley. Same artist. Aize 40. NOTE.-Silver medals were awarded also by Congress to the commissioned officers of the American fleet, to the officers of the army serving in it during the contest, and to the nearest male relative of Lieutenants Gamble and Stansbury, killed in the action. 44. CAPTAIN BIDDLE. OccASION.-A gold medal was awarded by the resolution of Congress of February 22, 1816, to Captain James Biddle, of Philadelphia, commander of the United States sloop-of-war Hornet, of 18 guns, for the capture, after an engagement of twenty-two minutes, of the British sloop-of-war Penguin, of 19 guns, Captain Dickinson, on the 23d of March, 1815. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Biddle. Legend. THE CONGRESS OF THE UNITED STATES TO CAPTAIN JAMES BIDDLE, FOR HIS GALLANTRY, GOOD CONDUCT AND SERVICES. Reverse.-Device. Representing the engagement between the Hornet and the Penguin, in sight of the peak of Tristan d'Acunha; the Penguin is very much injured in her upper rigging, her guns are silenced, and her colors trailing in the water over her stern. Legend. CAPTURE OF THE BRITISH SHIP PENGUIN, BY TIE UNITED STATES SHIP HORNET. Exergue. OFF TRISTAN D'ACUNIIA, MARCH xxIII, )MDCCCX. Furst. F. Size 40. NOTE.-Silver medals were presented also to each of the commissioned officers under Captain Biddle. 88 NATIONAL MEDALS. 45. CAPTAIN STEWART. OccASION.-For the capture, on the 20th of February, 1815, after a brave and skillful combat, of the British vessels-of-war, the Cyane, of 34 guns, Captain Gordon Falcon, and the Levant, of 21 guns, Captain George Douglass, a gold medal was awarded to Captain Charles Stewart, of Philadelphia, commander of the American frigate Constitution, by resolution of Congress of February 22, 1816. Obverse.-Device. The bust of Captain Stewart. Legend. CAROLUS STEWART NAVIS AMER. CONSTITUTION DUX. Reverse.-Device. Representation of the engagement between the Constitution and the Cyane and Levant. The two latter occupy respectively the right and left foreground, and in the centre of the background between them is the Constitution. Legend. UNA VICTORIAM ERIPUIT RATIBUS BINIS. Exergue. INTER CONSTITU. NAV. AMERI. ET LEVANT ET CYANE NAV. ANG. DIE XX. FEBR. MDCCCXVt.F st. Size 40. NOTE.- Silver medals were awarded also to each of the commissioned officers of the Constitution who served in this action. MISCELLANEOUS NATIONAL MEDALS. Under this head will be found a number of interesting Natiolal Medals. For the most part they commemorate civic events in our history, though several of them are connected with the naval service. It seems desirable that the most important civic events in our history should be commemorated by a series of appropriate medals. The medal of'" Washington and Independ ence," prepared by the NATIONAL MEDALS. 89 late C. C. Wright, of New York, an eminent die-sinker, an engraving of which is presented on Plates I. and II. in this work, might with propriety be adopted as the first of the series. Another medal might illustrate the peace with England in 1783; a third the adoption of the Constitution of the United States in 1789; and others, the acquisition of Florida; the purchase of Louisiana; the peace of 1815 with England, (Treaty of Ghent;) the annexation of Texas; the conquest of a peace with Mexico; the acquisition of California. It would also be interesting to mark the admission of each new State into the Union by issuing an appropriate medal. 46. COMMEMORATIVE OF THE LOSS OF LIEUTENANT BACHE. OCCASION.-At the suggestion of Professor Bache, Superintendent of the United States Coast Survey, medals of silver were struck, under the authority of the Treasury Department, for presentation to the surviving officers and crew of the Coast Survey brig Washington, commemorative of the loss of Lieutenant George M. Bache, United States Navy, commander, and ten of the crew of that brig, who perished while in the performance of their duties, in a hurricane encountered off the coast of North Carolina, on the 8th of September, 1846. The Secretary of the Treasury, Mr. Walker, in communicating with Mr. Bancroft, the Secretary of the Navy, upon the subject, said: "I concur in opinion with the Superintendent of the Coast Survey in regard to the conduct of Lieutenant commanding George M. Bache on that melancholy occasion. He did all that nautical skill, coolness, and courage could accomplish, and it is certain that the safety of the vessel, and of the surviving officers and crew is due, under Providence, to the last order which he gave, and which was in process of execution when he was swept by the sea from the deck of the vessel. He perished in the discharge of his duty, and his last act, which placed him in a 90 NATIONAL MEDALS. position that occasioned his loss, secured the safety of the vessel and that of the surviving officers and crew." Obverse.-No device. Legend. THE TREASURY DEPARTMENT OF THE UNITED STATES, COAST SURVEY TO -- (a blank for the name of the recipient.) Reverse.-No device. Legend. Surrounded by a wreath formed of laurel branches, FOR GALLANTRY AND IUMANITY, DEC., 1846. 47. RESCUE OF THE OFFICERS AND CREW OF U. S. BRIG SOMERS. OCCASION.-By resolution of Congress of March 3, 1847, gold and silver medals were directed to be prepared and presented to the officers and men belonging or attached to the French, Britisll and Spanish ships-of-war in the harbor of Vera Cruz, who so gallantly, and at the imminent peril of their lives, aided in rescuing from a watery grave many of the officers and crew of the United States brig Somers, which was capsized and sunk in ten minutes, during a heavy gust in the Gulf of Mexico, on the 10th of December, 1846. Of the seventy-six persons composing the crew of the Somers, thirty-nine were lost, including two officers, the acting sailing-master, and a passed midshipman. Obverse.-Device. Representing the United States brig Somers, when struck by the heavy gust in the Gulf of Mexico. The brig has been capsized, and the waves are dashing over her side. Legeand. SOMERS NAVIS AMERICANA. Exergue. ANTE VERA CRUZ, DEC. IOTH, 1846. Reverse.-Device. The brig Somers represented in the gust during which she was lost, in the Gulf of Mexico, off the harbor of Vera Cruz. In the foreground, three boats, carrying respectively the English, French, and Spanish colors, are pulling to her assistance. Legend. PRO VITIS AMERICANORUMI CONSERVATIS. Eng. by C. C. Wriglht. Size 36. NATIONAL MEDALS. 91 48. CAPTAIN IlNGRAHAM. OCCASION.-Martin Koszta, one of the Hungarian refugees, and formerly of the suite of Kossuth, was suddenly seized in a caf6 at Smyrna, by the Austrian authorities, in the latter part of June, 1853, and was placed on board of the Austrian brig-of-war Hussar, orders being issued by the Austrian Consul, on the twenty-ninth, that he should be carried away. On the twenty-eighth, Captain Ingraham, of the United States sloop-of-war St. Louis, having learned that Koszta had taken the preliminary steps to secure his naturalization in the United States, and that he was furnished with an American passport, entered his protest against the orders of the Austrian Consul until the facts of the case could be fully ascertained, and on the next day brought the guns of his vessel to bear upon the Austrian brig in which Koszta was confined. Having obtained a delay until the second of July, on that day Captain Ingraham, having learned from Mr. Brown, United States Charge at Constantinople, that Koszta was entitled to American protection, went on board of the Austrian brig, accompanied by the Austrian Consul. In his interview with Koszta the latter claimed to be an American citizen and demanded protection as such, which Captain Ingraham promised he should have, and subsequently notified the Austrian authorities at Smyrna that Koszta must be released by four o'clock that afternoon. Both vessels then cleared for action, and appearances indicated that the difficulty would be decided by an appeal to arms. Fortunately, however, by an arrangement made between the Austrian and American Consuls, it was agreed that Koszta should be placed in the custody of the French Consul, who consented to become his custodian, until his claim to protection should be decided by the two governments. Eventually Koszta was released and returned to the 92 NATIONAL MEDALS. United States. He would, doubtless, have been immediately executed had he been taken to Vienna. The spirited conduct of Captain Ingraham on the occasion was endorsed by his government, and a gold medal awarded to him by resolution of Congress of August 4, 1853. Obverse.-Device. Smyrna in the distance, surrounded by the shipping, hills, and fortifications. The American sloop-of-war St. Louis and the Austrian brig-of-war Hussar, confronting each other, are at anchor before the city. No legend. Exergue. The inscription-SM3YRNA, AMERICAN SLOOP-OF-WAR ST. LOUIS: AUSTRIAN BRIGOF-WAR HUSSAR. S. Eatstman. D.; P. F. Cross. Sc. Reverse.-Device. A wreath of branches of oak and laurel, in bold relief, within the lower part of which, and beneath diverging columns of rays and the thirty-one stars representing the States composing the American constellation, is seen the American eagle, with wings expanded, and grasping in its talons an anchor. Inscription: PRESENTED BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES TO COMMANDER DUNCAN N. INGRAIHAM, AS A TESTIMONIAL OF THE HIGI SENSE ENTERTAINED BY CONGRESS OF HIS GALLANT AND JUDICIOUS CONDUCT ON TIE 2D OF JULY, 1853. JOINT RESOLUTION OF CONGRESS, AUGUST 4TIH 1854. S. Eastman. D.; J. B. Longacre. Sc. Size 64. 49. WRECKERS' MEDAL. Obverse.-A mast, to which a man is clinging, floating in the sea; a ship is seen in the distance; the mast bears the letters U. S. Reverse.-A branch of oak and laurel, crossed. The American eagle, and thirty-one stars. The centre of the space between the branches is left blank to receive the recipient's name. Struck for presentation to the wreckers on our sea-coast for their services in saving the lives and property of shipwrecked mariners. IKoehler. F. Size 40. NATIONAL MEDALS. 93 50. SHIPWRECK MEDAL. Obverse. A representation of a storm at sea; a lighthouse, and a sinking ship in the distance. A wrecker has just rescued and reached the shore with a person who has been shipwrecked. Above is a scroll to receive the recipient's name. Reverse. An eagle with raised wings, bearing the United States shield upon its breast, an olive branch in the dexter and a bunch of arrows in the sinister talon. Above the eagle's head is a scroll, bearing the words E PLURIBUS UNUM, and in a circle around the edge of the medal, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. These medals were struck for presentation to officers of vessels of foreign nations, as an acknowledgment of their services, in saving the lives and property of shipwrecked Americans. Leutze. Del.; Ellis. Sc. Size 40. 51. JAPANESE EMBASSY MEDAL. OcCASION.-An Embassy from the Empire of Japan was accredited to the United States government, and had an audience with the President, at Washington, on the 17th day of May, 1860. A medal was struck, by order of the Department of State, on the suggestion of the Director of the Mint, to commemorate this important event. Gold medals were presented by the President to each of the three principal Envoys; others, in silver and copper, were given to the subordinate members of the Embassy. Subsequently, namely, on the 13th and 14th of June, 1860, the principal Envoys visited the Mint of the United States, at which time several assays were made, in their presence, of the coins of Japan and of the United States, for the purpose of determining the interchangeable commercial value of the coins of both nations.l 1 The results of this interview and examination will be found in the Annual Report of the Director of the Mint for 1859-60. 13 94 PRESIDENTIAL MEDALS. Obverse.-Bust of the President. Legend.-JAMES BUCHANAN, PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. S. Ellis. Sc. Reverse.-A wreath of oak, bound together by the shield of the United States, encircling the inscriptionl IN COiMMEMORATION OF THE FIRST EMBASSY FROM JAPAN TO THE UNITED STATES. 1860. Paquet. F. PRESIDENTIAL MEDALS. In the series of Presidential Medals we have the busts or effigies of all the Presidents of the United States, from Mr. Jefferson to Mr. Buchanan, except that of President Harrison, whose lamented death occurred in one brief month after his inauguration, and for whom no presidential medal was prepared. They were commenced during the administration of Mr. Jefferson. When treaties are made with the Indian tribes who inhabit the territory of the United States, it is usual to present to the chief men these medals, as a mark of distinction, as well as to furnish a lasting memorial of the treaty. There is a medal die in the Mint with the likeness of the elder Adams upon it, but it was made many years after the close of his administration. By using the reverse of the die prepared for the Jefferson medal, a few specimens with the head of Adams upon the obverse have been struck. This medal does not properly belong to the series of Presidential Medals, and yet it is deemed expedient to place it in that list. The medals Nos. 77, 78, and 79, described in the Washington Collection, are believed to have been struck for the purpose of presenting to Indian chiefs. The devices upon them show that they were intended to induce the aboriginal inhabitants to adopt the habits and customs of civilized life. These medals are not placed PRESIDENTIAL MEDALS. 95 among the Presidential series, because they have not the likeness of the President upon them, and do not in other respects properly belong to that series, but we think it highly probable they were used for the same purpose as the Presidential Medals. They are by coin collectors and others called the " Season Medals" but for what reason it is difficult to imagine. 1. Unfinished medal of JOHN ADAMS, second President of the United States.-The die was never hardened, nor was there any reverse. A few copies were taken in soft metal. Engraved by FURST. Not ordered by government. Size 32. 2, 3, 4. THOMAS JEFFERSON.-Three sizes, 64, 46, and 32. Obverse. Bust of Jefferson. TH. JEFFERSON PRESIDENT OF THE U. S. A.D. 1801. Reverse. Two hands clasped in friendship, and a tomahawk and pipe, crossed. PEACE AND FRIENDSHIP. 5, 6, 7. JAMES MADIsON.-Three sizes, 48, 38, and 32. Obverse. Bust of Madison. JAIES MADISON PRESIDENT OF THE U. S. A.D. 1809. Reverse. Same type as No. 2. 8, 9, 10. JAMES MONRoE.-T7iree sizes, 48, 38, and 32. Obverse. Bust of Monroe. JAMES MONROE PRESIDENT OF THE U. S. A.D. 1817. Furst. F. Reverse. Same as No. 2. 11, 12, 13. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS.-Tthree sizes, 48, 38, and 32. Obverse. Bust of Adams. JOHN QUINCY ADAMS PRESIDENT OF THE U. STATES. 1825. Reverse. Same as No. 2. 14, 15, 16. ANDREW JACKSON.-TThree sizes, 48, 38, and 32. Obverse. Bust of Jackson. ANDREW JACKSON PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES. A.D. 1829. Fur st. F. Reverse. Same as No. 2. 17, 18, 19. MARTIN VAN BUREN. —-Three sizes, 48, 38, and 32. Obverse. Bust of Van Buren. MARTIN VAN BUREN PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.... A.D. 1837. Fierst. F. Reverse. Same as No. 2. 20, 21, 22. JOHN TYLER.-7Thrlee sizes, 48, 38, and 32. Obverse. 96 PRESIDENTIAL MEDALS. Bust of Tyler. JOHN TYLER PRESIDENT OF THE U. S. A.D. 1841. Reverse. Same as No. 2. 23, 24, 25. JAMES K. POLK. —Three sizes, 48, 38, and 32. Obverse. Bust of Polk. JAMES K. POLK PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES..... 1845. Reverse. Same as No. 2. 26, 27, 28. ZACHARY TAYLOR.-Three sizes, 48, 38, and 32. Obverse. Bust of Taylor. ZACHARY TAYLOR PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES..... 1849. Reverse. Same as No. 2. 29. MILLARD FILLMORE.-Obverse. Head of Fillmore. MILLARD FILLMORE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES..... 1850. S. Ellis. Reverse. A husbandman, leaning upon a plow, and confronting an Indian chief, with whom he is conversing. The American flag floats across them both, and above it are three links, containing the words LABOR, VIRTUE, HONOR. J. Wilson. Size 48. 30. FRANKLIN PIERCE.- Obverse. Head of Pierce. FRANKLIN PIERCE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.... 1853. S. Ellis. Reverse. Same as No. 29. Size 48. 31. JAMES BUCHANAN. Obverse. Head of Buchanan. JAMES BucIIANAN PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES.... 1857. S. Ellis. Sc. Reverse. Same as No. 29. Size 48. SUB-NATIONAL MEDALS. UNDER this designation are included the medals of a national character which have been struck by authority of the individual States. There are six of these in the Cabinet. 1. CAPTAIN PERRY. OccASION.-A gold medal struck in honor of the victory on Lake Erie was presented by the Legislature of the State of Pennsylvania, by vote of January 31, 1814, to Captain Perry. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Captain Perry. Legend. OLIVERUS HAZARD PERRY, PRO PATRIA VICITO Exergue. PRESENTED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF PENNSYLVANIA. Reverse. —Device. A representation of the engagement on Lake Erie. His flag-ship, the Lawrence, having been disabled during the action, Captain Perry is seen erect in a boat passing to the Niagara, to which vessel he is about shifting his flag, and upon the truck of which an eagle is about to perch with the American colors in its talons, and bearing in its beak the inscription, VICTORY! Legend. WE HAVE MET THE ENEMY, AND THEY ARE OURS. Exergue. BRITISH FLEET ON LAKE ERIE CAPTURED SEPTEMBER 10, 1813. Fursto F Size 36. 2. TO PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEERS SERVING IN THE ACTION ON LAKE ERIE. OCCASION.-Medals, commemorative of the victory on Lake Erie, were struck by order of the State of Pennsylvania, for presentation (97) 98 SUB-NATIONAL MEDALS. to such of her citizens who had volunteered to serve on board of the American squadron on that occasion. Obverse.-Device and legend same as of the preceding medal to Captain Perry. Reverse.-Device. To, (a blank being left for the insertion of the name of the recipient,) inclosed by a wreath of laurel. Legend. WE HAVE MET THE ENEMY; AND THEY.ARE OURS.-Perry. Inscription. IN TESTIMONY OF HIS PATRIOTISM AND BRAVERY IN THE NAVAL ACTION ON LAKE ERIE, SEPTEMBER 10, 1813. Size 36. NOTE. —The State of Pennsylvania presented gold medals also to Captain Elliott and Lieutenant John J. Yarnell, for their bravery during the engagement upon Lake Erie. We have been unable to obtain copies of these medals, and therefore do not describe them. 3. MAJOR-GENERAL SCOTT. OCCASION.-A gold medal was voted to General Scott by the State of Virginia, for his brave and gallant conduct while in conmand of the American troops in the war with Mexico. Obverse.-Device. A bust of General Scott, resting upon a branch of laurel and of oak, is placed upon a pedestal, supported upon each side by an eagle, behind which, projecting at either side, are several colors and various other military emblems. The pedestal bears the inscription: THE COAIMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA PRESENTS THIS MEDAL TO MAJOR-GENERAL WINFIELD SCOTT, AS A MEMORIAL OF HER ADMIRATION FOR THE GREAT AND DISTINGUISHED SERVICES OF HER SON WHILST COMMAANDER-IN-CHIEF OF THE AMERICAN ARMIES IN THE WAR WITH MEXICO, 1847. C. C. Wright. F. Reverse. —Device. A column upon two stands of colors, entwined by a branch of laurel. A wreath formed of oak bra.nches incloses the designs and inscriptions, and is held at the bottom by a shield bearing the coat of arms of the State of Virginia. Upon the top of SUB-NATIONAL MEDALS. 99 the column an eagle, with outstretched wings and carrying a branch of laurel in its beak, has alighted. The cap of the column bears the date 1848, and just below is the word MEXICO. The leaves of the laurel branch surrounding the column bear the names of the several battles during the campaign at which the recipient commanded, viz.: CHAPULTEPEC, DEL REY, CHERUBUSCO, CONTRERAS, CERRO GORDO, VERA CRUZ; and upon the base of the column is the date 1812. On the right background a party are bombarding before the walls of the City of Mexico, another party are storming a fort upon the brow of a hill; on the left background troops are advancing upon a fort, and to their left a besieging party are about opening fire upon the city before them. Legenc. FECIT QUOD COGITAVIT. Exergue. FROM VIRGINIA. C. C. Wright. F. Size 56. 4. COLONEL BLISS. OCCASIoN.-In the year 1849, the State of New York, by a vote of its Legislature, presented to Colonel Bliss a gold medal for his distinguished services as an officer in the United States army, during the Mexican campaign. Obverse.-Device. Bust of Colonel Bliss. Legend. PRESENTED TO LIEUTENANT-COLONEL BLISS OF THE UNITED STATES ARMY FOR HIS GALLANT SERVICES IN MEXICO. Exergue. BY THE STATE OF NEW YORK, 1849. C. W. WrSight. Del.; C. c. TWright. Sc. Reverse.-Device. The arms of the State of New York. A tablet (or shield) upon which the sun is represented rising from behind hills, its rays reflected in the water, is supported upon the right by Justice with her scales and sword, and upon the left by Liberty sustaining a staff bearing the liberty-cap. To the right of Justice a vessel under full sail by a pier, and to the left of Liberty a steam-engine is crossing a bridge. Supported by a shield is a globe, upon the top of which is an eagle, and below the tablet is 100 SUB-NATIONAL MEDALS. the motto of the State, EXCELSIOR. Legend. MONTEREY, BUENA VISTA, PALO ALTO, RESACA DE LA PALMA. Size 44. 5: MAJOR-GENERAL TAYLOR. A gold medal presented to Major-General Zachary Taylor, by the State of Louisiana, for his brilliant victories and achievements in the war with Mexico. Obverse.-A representation of the battle of Buena Vista. General Taylor, on the right foreground, is directing the attack of his troops upon the Mexican line. His flying artillery are rapidly advancing upon the enemy. Above is the name BUENA VISTA, encircled with laurel, which, together with the names PALO ALTO, RESACA DE LA PALMA, MONTEREY, form the Leend. H. F. Baldwin & Co. Pubs.. O. Reverse.-The arms of the State of Louisiana. A pelican feeding its young. Above, a pair of scales, with the word JUSTICE; beneath, is the motto, UNION AND CONFIDENCE. Legend. THE STATE OF LOUISIANA TO MAJ: GEN: ZACIARY TAYLOR. Size 44. 6. DR. E. K. KANE. OCCASION. —On the 18th of March, 1856, the Legislature of the State of New York ordered that a gold medal, appropriately commemorating the voyage of discovery of the Grinnell ships, be presented to Dr. E. K. Kane, commander of the said exploring expedition. Obverse.-Arms of the State of New York, inclosed with a wreath of laurel. Reverse.-A representation of the discovery of the OPEN POLAR SEA, by WILLIAM MARTEN, and HANS, the Esquimaux, who accompanied Dr. Kane in this perilous and praiseworthy expedition. Size 51. k 2 AD r-i I.) t-li I i eZ9 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. I. AMERICAN. UNDER this head we have placed —. The Colonial and Revolutionary Medals. 2. Such as have been subsequently ordered by Cities. 3. Agricultural Societies. 4. Mechanical Institutes. 5. Other Institutions and Societies. 6. Personal Medals. I. COLONIAL AND REVOLUTIONARY. 1. PENN MEDAL. OCCASION.-A silver medal commemorative of the settlement of Pennsylvania by Penn and his followers. Obverse.-Device. Head of William Penn. Legend. WILLIAM PENN. BORN 1644. DIED 1718. Reverse.-Device. Penn, the founder of the colony in Pennsylvania, is represented standing, his walking-cane in his left hand, and with his right shaking hands with an Indian chief, who carries a bow in his left hand. Legend. BY DEEDS OF PEACE. Exergue. PENNSYLVANIA SETTLED 1681. 2. COLONEL ARMSTRONG. OCCASIoN.-For the destruction of the Indian village of Kittanning by the troops under his command, the City of Philadelphia (103) 104 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. awarded a silver medal to Colonel (afterwards General) John Armstrong, of Carlisle, Pa. Obverse.-Device. An officer, accompanied by two of his men, is represented pointing to a soldier firing under cover of a tree, with an Indian prostrate before him. In the background the Indian wigwams are seen in flames. Legend. KITTANNING DESTROYED BY COL. ARMSTRONG SEPTEMBER 8, 1756. Reverse.-Device. The coat of arms of the Corporation of Philadelphia, consisting of four devices, viz.: on the right, a ship represented under full sail; on the left, an evenly balanced pair of scales; above the ship, a sheaf of wheat; and to theleft, two hands joined. Legend. THE GIFT OF THE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF PHILADELPHIA. Size 30. NOTE.-Similar medals were awarded also to each of the commissioned officers under Colonel Armstrong. 3. INDIAN PEACE MEDAL. Obverse. A laureated bust of George II., King of England. GEORGIUS II. DEI GRATIA. Reverse. A white man and an Indian, seated at opposite sides of a fire, beneath, a tree; the former in the act of presenting his companion with the calumet of peace, which he has been smoking. The sun, with his diverging rays, above. LET US LOOK O THTE MOST HIGH, WHO BLESSED OUR FATHERS WITH PEACE.... 1757. Size 28. An association was formed for the purpose of promoting peace with the Indian tribes, and was composed chiefly of the members of the religious Society of Friends. Silver medals were struck by this association, and presented to the Indians. (The three medals above described were engraved and struck by Edward Duffield, a watch and clock maker in Philadelphia. They are believed to be the first medals made in the Province of Pennsylvania.) MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 105 4. LIBERTAS AMERICANA. Obverse. Bust of the goddess of Liberty; the liberty-pole, surmounted by a cap, resting against the right shoulder. Legend. LIBERTAS A:MERICANA 4 JUIL, 1776. Reverse. Pallas, holding in her left hand a shield with three fleur de lis-the arms of France-and opposing it to a leopard (England) which is springing toward it; her right hand is drawn back, and holding a barbed javelin, as if in the act of plunging it into the leopard. Under the shield is an infant in a stooping posture, strangling a serpent with each hand. Legend. NON SINE DIIS ANIMOSUS INFANS. Exergue. 17 OCT., 1777, 19 OCT., 1781, the dates respectively of the surrender of Burgoyne and Cornwallis. Dulpre. F. Size 30. F5. FRANKLIN MEDAL. Obvers'e. Bust of Franklin. BENJ. FRANKLIN NATUS BOSTON XVII JAN.....MDCCVI. Reverse. ERIPUIT C(ELO FULMEN SCEPTRU1 QUE TYRANNIS. Inscribed between two branches of oak, crossed. Scusit t )i Dicavit Aug. Dupre. Anno 3IDCCLYXXXVI. Size 28. 6. SECOND FRANKLIN MEDAL. Same obverse as No. 5. Reverse. The genius of Science pointing t the lightning coming from a cloud which is descending upon a temple, directed by a lightning rod, near the feet of the figure with broken crown and sceptre; with the legend ERIPUIT CCELO FUL3IEN SCEPTRUM QUE TYRANNIS. Size 28. 106 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. II. CITIES. 7. TO CAPTAINS CREIGHITON, LOW, AND STOUFFER. OCCASION. —The San Francisco, a new ship, left the port of New York upon her first voyage on the 22d of December, 1853, under the command of Captain Watkins, with the United States troops forming companies A, B, D, G, H, I, K, and L, of the Third Regiment United States artillery, amounting, with the non-commissioned staff and band, to nearly five hundred and fifty men. Including her passengers, officers, and crew, and cabin and steerage waiters, she carried over seven hundred persons. When off Charleston, on the twenty-fourth of December, she met with a northwest wind, which soon increased to a gale. At nine o'clock in the evening of the twenty-fifth December, she shipped a heavy sea amid ships, which washed about one hundred and fifty of the troops overboard. The ship opened in the seams, over the wales a large portion of the quarter-deck was stove in, and it was only by the greatest exertion that she was kept afloat. In this deplorable state, the condition of those remaining was rendered still more terrible by the outbreak, on the twenty-seventh of December, of a disease resembling Asiatic cholera. The steerage passengers and waiters broke into the provision-room and feasted at will, and broke open and pillaged the trunks of the ladies; while the raw recruits, in imitation of their example, became also unmanageable. By this time the ship had drifted northward and was nearly opposite to Boston, in longitude sixty-one degrees. On board, all was confusion and consternation. The bark Kilby, from New Orleans, Captain Low, which, although herself suffering from lack of provisions, had remained by and relieved the San Francisco of her lady passengers, disappeared during the night of the twenty-ninth of December. On the second MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 0 7 of January following, (1854,) the Three Bells, Captain Creighton, of Glasgow, appeared in sight and remained by the San Francisco, rendering her such assistance as was possible, receiving on board as many of her passengers as she could carry, and taking her departure with them, after remaining by the San Francisco all night. The Antartic, from New York, Captain Stouffer, which had overtaken the ship on the third of January, rescued the remaining persons on board of the San Francisco, about one hundred and forty soldiers, with some officers, including Captain Watkins of the illfated ship, who was the last to leave his vessel, and which, having been scuttled by his order, went down soon after they left her. After the Kilby parted from the steamer, on the night of the twenty-ninth of December, the passengers rescued by her, together with her own officers and crew, suffered terribly from hunger and thirst. Several times she approached the coast, but was driven back by adverse winds. The first day a ship biscuit and a small slice of bacon was allotted to each, but, on the second, the biscuit was withheld from the males on board. A small quantity of corn on board, partially moulded and served out by the handful, formed their chief nourishment for fourteen days, with the daily allowance to each passenger of a wineglassful of water. Fortunately, several rain-storms occurred, and once a fall of snow. Garments were spread to catch the precious drops, and the fiamishing creatures devoured the snow as it descended, and, but for this benefaction of the elements, large numbers must have perished with thirst. To complete the intensity of their sufferings, the crew threatened to mutiny. On the morning of the thirteenth of January, however, the Kiilby was overtaken by the Lucy Thompson, Captain Pendleton, of New York, who removed all the passengers and crew from the bark, except four of the former and twelve of the United States troops, who volunteered to assist the captain to w.ork the Kilby/ into Boston, where she arrived in due tirme. The Lucy T/ho7lmpson 10 8 1 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. reached New York in safety, on the fourteenth of January, (1854,) where the Three Be71s had preceded her on the previous day, with the portion of the passengers rescued by her from the San Francisco, the remainder of whose surviving passengers and crew reached Liverpool in safety, on board the Antartic. By this disaster and extreme suffering from exposure and starvation, nearly two hundred persons perished. In testimony of the conduct of Captains Creighton, Low, and Stouffer, the City of Philadelphia presented to each of them a medal of gold. Obverse.-Device. The coat of arms of the City of Philadelphia. A shield supported on either side by two female figures, one holding in her right hand a scroll, and in her left, above the shield, a pair of evenly balanced scales rests upon various agricultural products. The shield bears upon its centre a plow upon a field of grain, and below, a ship is represented under full sail. No legend. Rererse.- No device. inscription. TESTIMONIAL TO CAPTAINS CREIGIITON, LOW, AND STOUFFER, OF TIlE SIIPS TIREE BELLS, KILBY,, AND ANTARTIC, FROM THE CORPORATION OF THE CITY OF PHILADELPIIA, FOR THEIR GALLANTRY IN RESCUING TltE PASSENGERS FROM TIHE WRECK OF TItE STEAMER SAN FRANCISCO, JANUARY, 1854. Size 48. 8. PORTSMOUTH- YELLOW FEVER MEDAL. Obverse. A representation of the United States Naval Asylum, near Portsmouth, Va. Naval emblems below, and a scroll above, bearing the motto PALMAMI QUI MERUIT FERAT. Reverse. An oak wreath, surrounding a blank, with the inscription, PRESENTED BY TIHE COUNCIL OF TIIE TOWN OF PORTSMOUTH, VIRGINIA. F.. NMitchell. Sc. Size 40, MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 109 III. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES. 9. UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.-Obverse. Female figure seated, holding in the right hand a wreath, and in the left a sickel. Legend. UNITED STATES AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY MDCCCLII; the whole surrounded by a wreath. Reverse. A plow and agricultural productions, with a space for the name of the recipient. F. N. Mitchell. Boston. Size 48. 10. THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.- Obverse. The crest and arms of the State of Pennsylvania. Legend. THE PENNSYLVANIA STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY...... INSTITUTED A.D. 1851. Reverse. A wreath, half composed of Indian corn and wheat, and half of branches of grapes, inclosing a blank for the insertion of the recipient's name. A. C. lforin. fecit. Philad. Size 40. 11. THE CONNECTICUT STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.-Obverse. Arms of Connecticut. Legend. CONNECTICUT STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY..... INCORP MAY 1852. Reverse. AWARDED TO, and a blank to receive the recipient's name, inclosed between branches of oak and laurel. F. B. Smith and IHartinann. N. Y fee. Size 32. 12. SAME SOCIETY. —Obverse. A sheaf of wheat. CONN. STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY..... INCORP. 1852. Reverse. Same as No. 11. Size 32. 13. MICHIGAN AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.- Obverse. A female figure, surrounded by emblems of Agriculture and Commerce. Legend. MICHIGAN STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. Rever'se. MICHIGAN STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY, ORGANIZED MARCH 24, 1849, with a blank for the name of the recipient. C. C. Wright. Size 36. 14. MAINE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.-Obverse. Arms of the State of Maine. Legend. MAINE STATE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. Reverse. A scroll and floral ornament, with a blank for the name of the recipient. F. N & H. Mitchell. Size 26. 15 110 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 15. PHILADELPIA AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.-Obverse. Agricultural implements, with a blank above for the recipient's name. Reverse. A pair of oxen and plow. VENERATE THE PLOW. THE AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY OF PHILADELPHIA. Sctorqann.. S i. ize 32. 16. SANDWICH ISLAND AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.-~Obverse. A wreath, surrounding emblems of Commerce, with the sun rising, over which is suspended a crown. Legenc. ROYAL HAWAIIAN AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY. Reverse. PREMIUMI FOR THE BEST EXHIBITED. Blank for the name of the recipient. Mitchell. Sc. Size 40. IV. MECHAI ICAL INSTITUTES. 17. FRANKLIN INSTITUTE.-Obverse. Bust of Franklin, alnd the inscription, FRANKLIN INSTITUTE OF TIE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA, 1824. On the reverse is a blank for the recipient's name, surrounded by branches of oak and palm, crossed, and the words, REWARD OF SKILL AND INGENUITY. (First premium of Franklin Institute.) Size 34. 18. Obverse. The same as No. 17. Reverse. A blank for the recipient's name, around which are the words, AWARDED TO, and SECOND PREMIUM. Size 32. 19. Obverse. Bust of Franklin. No inscription. Reverse. FRANKLIN INSTITUTE OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA, and AWARDED TO,with a blank for the name of the recipient. Size 23. 20. SCOTT LEGACY MEDAL.-Obverse. Bust of Franklin. Legend. FRANKLIN INSTITUTE OF THE STATE OF PENNSYLVANIA. Reverse. THE SCOTT PREMIUMI. TO THE MOST DESERVING. Size 32. 21. Obverse. Female figure seated, and emblems of Mechanics. Beneath is the inscription, BE JUST AND FEAR NOT. Reverse. A wreath, with the inscription, MASSACHUSETTS CHARITABLE MECHANICS ASSOCIATION. F. N. Mitchell. Sc. Size 32. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS: 111 22. Obverse. Right arm holding a hammer and a balance, with the motto, WE AIM TO BE JUST. fIscription. MIDDLESEX MECHANIC ASSOCIATION, LOWELL MASS. Reverse. A wreath, with a blank for the recipient's name. C. (. Weiglht. F. Size 24. 23. Obverse. Figure of Justice, surrounded by the emblems of Commerce. Legend. MARYLAND INSTITUTE FOR THE PROMOTION OF THE MECHANIC ARTS, BALTIMORE; and the inscription, INDUSTRY THE MEANS, PLENTY THE RESULT. Reverse. An oak wreath, with a blank for the name of the recipient. Stabler. Size 32. 24. Obverse. Bust of Fulton. Legend. FULTON INSTITUTE LANCASTER PA...... FOUNDED 1858. Reverse. AWARDED TO, and two branches of oak, crossed, and inclosing a blank for the insertion of the recipient's name. Key. F. Size 32. 25. Obverse. Female figure, standing, and holding a wreath in her right hand, surrounded by implements of science, art, and mechanics. Reverse. WORCESTER COUNTY MECHANICS' ASSOCIATION, and the date 1841. The centre blank for the name of the recipient. Mitchell. Size 28. V. OTHER INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIETIES. 26. BOSTON SCHOOL MEDAL.-Obverse. Bust of Franklin. THE GIFT OF FRANKLIN......DCCXC. Reverse. A scroll, bearing the words AWARDED TO. Beneath is a blank for the insertion of the recipient's name, and a branch of rose. Size 20. 27. CITY OF BOSTON MEDAL.- Obverse. A scroll, bearing the words CITY MEDAL. Beneath is an oval compartment, or shield, containing a representation of the City of Boston. 1821. Reverse. Same as No. 9. Size 20. In Franklin's will there is a bequest of one hund7red pounds to be intrusted to the Corporation of the City of Boston, the interest .112 -MISCELLANEOUS ME)A.LS. of which is annually expended in the purchase of silver medals to be awarded to the most meritorious pZupils in the public schools. The two preceding medals are the offspring of that fund. 28. FIRST STEAM COINAGE AT THE MINT.- Obverse. A liberty-cap, surrounded by diverging rays. Reverse. UNITED STATES MINT...... 1836. FIRST STEAM COINAGE MAR. 23. Size 18. 29. CRYSTAL PALACE, NEW YORK. —Obverse. A female figure on the left, in the act of crowning a kneeling female representing Industry, who is presented by a winged male figure, bearing a winged globe in his right hand. Reverse. A wreath, with the American shield below, surrounding the inscription, EXHIBITION OF THE INDUSTRY OF ALL NATIONS, NEW YORK, 1853.. C. Wright. Size 36. 30. MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY.- Obverse. Two female figures, one seated, and holding in her right hand a bunch of flowers; the other standing, and holding a bunch of grapes in her left hand. Reverse. A space for the name of the recipient, surrounded by a wreath of roses and grape, and the inscription, MASSACHUSETTS HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. F. N Mitchell. Size 32. 31. SARGENT MEDAL.-Obverse. Arms of the State of Iowa. Reverse. An open Bible, with a cross on it, and a scroll above, bearing the motto, CHRISTI DUCI. Insceri>tion. SARGENT MEDALX IOWA COLLEGE. F. N Mitchell. Size 26. 32. MUSICAL ACADEMY. —Obverse. A harp, surrounded by the inscription, F. DoRIGo's MUSICAL ACADEMY; and CLASS NO. 17 1847, on the reverse. Size ] 0. 33. NORFOLK YELLOW FEVER MEDAL.- Obverse. The good Samaritan, plying his office. I WAS SICK AND YOU VISITED ME...... MATT. XXV. XXXVI. Reverse. Faith, Hope, and Charity. In the background is an altar and a lamb, and above, an eye surrounded by diverging rays. PRESENTED BY THE HOWARD ASSOCIATION OF NORFOLK VW......1855. Size 20. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 113 34. THE SAN FRANCISCO VIGILANCE COMMITTEE. Obverse. The goddess of Justice. BE JUST AND FEAR NOT. FIAT JUSTITIA RUAT COELUM....... SAN FRANCISCO CALIFORNIA. Reverse. An eye, surrounded by diverging rays. COMMITTEE OF VIGILANCE...... ORGANIZED 9Ta JUNE 1851. REORGANIZED 14T' MAY 1856. Size 24. VI. PERSONAL MEDALS. 35. CLAY MEDAL.-Obverse. Bust of Clay. Legend. HENRY CLAY. Beneath the bust is a scroll, bearing the inscription, BORN APRIL 12, 1777. DIED JUNE 29, 1852. Reverse. A rock, on which rests a tablet and a hand. On the rock is inscribed the word CONSTITUTION, and on the tablet, AMERICAN SYSTEM, SOUTH AMERICAN NATIONS, COMMERCIAL COMPROMISES. Above are the words, THE ELOQUENT DEFENDER OF NATIONAL RIGITS AND NATIONAL INDEPENDENCE. Size 48. 36. COOPER MEDAL.- D Obverse. Bust of Cooper. THE PERSONIFICATION OF HONOR, TRUTH, AND JUSTICE. Reverse. TO J. FENNIMORE COOPER. THE OFFERING OF A GRATEFUL HEART FOR HIS DISINTERESTED VINDICATION OF HIS BROTHER SAILOR JESSE D. ELLIOTT. Inscribed between branches of oak, crossed. Size 32. 37. SMALL MEDAL OF JACKSON.-Obverse. Undraped bust of Jackson. Reverse. AND. JACKSON INAUGURATED PRESIDT. U. S. SECOND TERN, MAR. IV. 1833. Size 12. 38. COMMrODORE M. C. PERRY.-Obverse. Head of Perry. COMMAODORE M. C. PERRY. Reverse. PRESENTED TO COM. M. C. PERRY SPECIAL MINISTER FROM TIE U. S. A. BY MERCHANTS OF BOSTON, IN TOKEN OF THEIR APPRECIATION OF HIS SERVICES IN NEGOTIATING THE TREATY WITH JAPAN, SIGNED AT YOKU-IHAMA, MARCH 31, AND WITH LEW-CHEW AT NAPA, JULY 11, 1854. Inscribed in fourteen lines, and inclosed in a wreath composed of branches of oak and laurel, 114 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. crossed within a circlet, bearing the word MIssIssPPI. F. N. 2itchell. Size 36. 39. Presented to ROBERT M. PATTERSON, upon his retirement from the Directorship of the Mint, in 1851, by the Officers and Clerks of the Mint.-Obverse. Bust of Patterson. ROBERT M. PATTERSON DIRECTOR OF THIE U.. MINT...... 1835-51. Reverse. A scroll, bearing the words CODEX MONETYE 1837; beneath which is inscribed, A PARTING TOKEN OF REGARD FROM THE OFFICERS AND CLERKS OF THE MINT, 1851. Inclosed by a serpent, entwined with palm and laurel. C.. C. Wight. Size 40. 40. Presented to JAMES ROSS SNOWDEN, Director of the Mint, by his personal friends.-Obverse. Bust of Snowden. PRESENTED TO JAMES ROSS SNOWDEN, DIRECTOR OF THE MINT, BY HIS PERSONAL FRIENDS, AS A MARK OF THEIR REGARD FOR IIIM AS AN OFFICER, AND THEIR ESTEEM FOR IHII AS A CITIZEN. Beneath the bust is the date 1859. Reverse. A representation of the Mint of the United States. THE MINT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. BUILT 1832, RENDERED FIRE-PROOF 1856. Paqtet. F. Size 50. 41. Presented to ADAM ECKFELDT, upon his resignation of the Chief Coinership of the Mint, in 1839, by his Fellow Officers.- Obverse. Bust of Eckfeldt. ADAMI ECKFELDT CHIEF COINER U. S. MINT 1814-1839. Reverse. A FAREWELL TRIBUTE OF AFFECTIONATE REGARD TO ADAM ECKFELDT FROM HIS FELLOW OFFICERS OF THE U. S. MINT, 1839. Ftarst. F. Size 32. 42. Presented to SAMUEL MOORE, formerly Director of the Mint, by the Philadelphia Museum. —Obverse. Bust of Peale. CHARLES WILLSON PEALE FOUNDER..... 1784. Reverse. To S. MOORE, engraved within a wreath of oak. PHILADELPHIA MUSEUM...... INCORPORATED 1821. Size 20. 43. J. H. B. LATROBE. Obverse. Monument of Kosciusko. Legend. U. S. MILITARY ACADEMY, WEST POINT. Reverse. An eagle with spread wings, bearing a scroll, with the motto, DETUR DIGNIOR. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 115 Inscriptio)n. FROM THE CORPS OF CADETS TO J. H. B. LATROBE ESQ. 1825. Size 17. 44. DR. HOSACK.- Obverse. eacl of Dr. Hosack. Legend. DAVID HOSACK M.D. Reverse. Emblens of arts and sciences. Inscription. ARTS AND SCIENCE. Furst. F. Size 21. 45. WILLIAM PAGE.-Obverse. Head of William Page. Legend. WILL. PAGE, 1848. Reverse. A painter's palette, with the pencils. BORN ALBANY N. Y. JAN. 23, 1811. S. Ellis. Del.; C. C. Wright. Fee. Size 30. 46. DR. E. K. KANE.-Obverse. Bust of KANE. Legend. DR. E. K. KANE. Reverse. BORN IN PHILA. PA. FEB. 3, 1822.1 COMMANDER OF THE GRINNELL ARCTIC EXPEDITION MAY 30, 1853. DIED FEB. 14, 1857. Key. F. Size 24. 47. GOLDEN WEDDING. —Obverse. The busts of Robert and Louisa Gilmor, with their names as the legend. Exergue. MARRIED FIFTY YEARS, THE 25TH SEPTEMBER 1821. Reverse. A representation of Cupid. Legend. To CONJUGAL HAPPINESS. Faulkner. F. Size 24. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS-(CONTINUED.) IL Great Britain-.III. France.-IV. Germany.-V. Spanish America. These medals are described in the order in which they are placed in the cases, without attempting any arrangement of them. The collection of Foreign medals is a very meagre one, and they may be regarded as only specimens of the medals of other nations. More than this is not, perhaps, desirable in view of the great number prepared, especially in France and England. The medals of 1 A mistake of the engraver as to the time of the birth and death of Dr. Kane. He was born Feb. 3, 1820; and died Feb. 16, 1857. 116 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. France in particular are very numerous. More than five hundred are said to have been struck at the Mint of Medals in Paris during the reign of Louis XIV.; and, perhaps, twice that number mark the surprising career of the first Napoleon. II. GREAT BRITAIN. 1. INAUGURAL MEDAL OF QUEEN ANNE.-Obverse. Bust of the Queen. ANNA D. G. MAG. BR. FR. ET HIB. REGINA. Reverse. Minerva casting a thunderbolt at a prostrate monster. VICEM GERIT. ILLA. TONANTIS...... INAVGVRAT XIII. AP. MDCCII. Size 22. 2. GEORGE AUGUSTUS ELIOTT, Governor of Gibraltar. Obverse. Bust of Eliott, in uniform. GEORGE AUGUSTUS ELIOTT GOVERNOR OF GIBRALTAR. Reverse. Hercules, with his lion's skin and club, and two upright pillars. FORTITER ET RECTE..... XIII. SEPT. MDCCLXXXII. Size 37. 3. GEORGE Fox.-Obverse. Bust of Fox, at full face. GLORY BE THINE INTREPID Fox.-FIRM AS OLD ALBION'S BATTERED ROCKS. Reverse. RESISTLESS SPEAKER-FAITHFUL GUIDE THE COURTIER'S DREAD, THE PATRIOT'S PRIDE. Inscribed between branches of oak and laurel. Size 21. 4. TAKING OF CAPE BRETON. Obverse. Bust of Boscawen. ADML. BOSCAWEN TOOK CAPE BRETON. Reverse. The scene in the harbor of Louisbourg. LOUISBOURG.....JUL. 26, 1758. Size 25. 5. MILITARY MEDAL OF CROMWELL.-Obverse. Bust of Cromwell. OLIVERVS DEI GRA. REIPVB. ANGLIG Sco. ET HIB. PROTECTOR. Reverse. Arms of the Commonwealth, guarded by a lion. PAX QVERITVR BELLO. Size 24. 6. FATHER MATTHEW'S TEMPERANCE MEDAL.- Obverse. A shield, bearing the sacred lamb, and the initials I. H. S. and surmounted by the cross. Upon the right is a man, with a flag inscribed MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 117 SOBRIETY. Victory is seen in the act of descending to crown him with a circle of laurel. Upon the left is a female, with a flag inscribed DOMESTIC COMFORT. Legend. I IN OC SIGNO VINCES. Reverse. A broad cross, rayonnant, upon which is inscribed the pledge. PLEDGE.-I PROMISE TO ABSTAIN FROM ALL INTOXICATING DRINKS &C. EXCEPT USED MEDICINALLY AND BY ORDER OF A MEDICAL MAN, AND TO DISCOUNTENANCE TIIE CAUSE AND PRACTICE OF INTEMPERANCE. Legenl. THIE TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY OF IRELAND. THE VERY REV? T. IMATHEW PRESIDENT...... FOUNDED 10 APRIL 1838. Another variety of this medal has on the reverse, CATIOLIC TOTAL ABSTINENCE SOCIETY. FOUNDED 25 JUNE 1840. Size 27. 7. SANCROFT, ARCHBISHOP OF CANTERBURY. — Obverse. Bust of Sancroft. GVIL. SANCROFT ARCHIEPISC. CANTVAR. 1688. Reverse. Busts and names of the seven bishops ejected with Sancroft, bv James I1. in 1688. Size 31. 8. MEDAL OF GEORGE II., to commemorate the Campaign in Canada during the French War.-Obverse. Bust of George II. GEORGIUS II REX. Reverse. The arms of Great Britain and the names of the different battles and of the generals in command. Size 27. 9. To commemlorate the Visit of NICHOLAS I. OF RUSSIA, to the Court of St. James.- Obverse. Bust of Nicholas. NICOLAUS I. TOTIUS RoSSIuE I[MPERATOR. Reverse. NICOLAUS I. TOTIUS ROSSIAE IMPERATOR REGINEE BRITANNIARUM VICTORIAE AMICUS ET IIOSPES. 1844. Inscribed in seven parallel lines. Size 32. 10. MEDAL OF WALTER SCOTT. Obverse. Head of Scott. SIR WALTER SCOTT, BART......BORN AUG: 15, 1771. DIED SEP 21, 18 32. Reverse. Elevation of the monument erected to his memory at Edinburgh. FOUNDED AUG: 15, 1840. Size 24. 11. SHAKSPEARE MEDAL. Obverse. Portrait of Shakspeare, with pen and paper in hand. WILLIAM- SHAKSPEARE...... DIED APRIL 23, 1616. Reverse. The house in which the great poet first saw 16~ 11 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. the light. BORN APRIL 23, 1564. Beneath is the date 1842, the year in which it was struck. Size 24. 12. CORONATION MEDAL OF GEORGE IV. - Obverse. Head of George IV. laureated. GEORGIUS 1111 D. G. BRITANNIARUM REX F. D. Reverse. The coronation. PROPRIO JAM JURE ANIMO PATERNO...... INAUGURATUS DIE JULII XIX ANNO MDCCCXXI. Size 22. 13. MEDAL OF WILLIAM IV. AND ADELAIDE.-Obverse. Head of the King. WILLIAM THE FOURTH CROWNED SEP: 8, 1831. Reverse. Head of Adelaide. ADELAIDE QUEEN CONSORT CROWNED SEP: 8, 1831. Size 21. 14. SILVER MEDAL taken from TECUMSEII at the Battle of the Thames. —Obverse. Bust of George III. GEORGIUS III DEI GRATIA. Reverse. The crest and arms of Great Britain. Probably given to Tecumseh by the British government, as a token of friendship for his devotion to the British arms during the war with the United States. Size 48. 15. SILVER MEDAL found in an Indian Grave, in Arch Street, Philadelphia.- Obverse. Same as No. 14. Reverse. A lion, with a crown on his head, in a recumbent position, complacently watching a barking cur; trees and foliage in the background. Doubtless intended as a slur upon the revolted colonies. Size 38. 16. MEDAL OF ROGER BACON.- Obverse. Bust of Bacon. RoGERIUS BACON. Reverse. NATUS ILCHESTER COM3: SOMMERSET IN ANGLIA, AN. MCCXIV. OBIIT AN. MCCXCIV. Series numismatica universalis virorum illustrium. M.D CCC.XVIII Durand. eclidit. Size 26. NOTE.-Several of the following numbers are electrotypes, and present only the obverses of the medals. For these copies medals will be supplied as opportunities to do so may occur. 17. LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR JOHN MOORE, K.B. Size 25. 18. LIEUTENANT-GENERAL LORD HILL. Size 25. 19. LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR RALPH ABERCROMBIE.- Obverse. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 119 Head of General Abercrombie. Reverse. Aquarius, with his water-jug and paddle, guiding a fleet of small vessels. PASSAGE OF THE DURo, 1809. Size 26. 20. FIELD MARSHAL FREDERICK DUKE OF YORK, second son of George III. Size 26. 21. ADMIRAL SIR S. SMITH. Size 26. 22. ADMIRAL SIR JOHN JERVIS, EARL OF ST. VINCENT, C.B.-He gained the latter title for his victory over the Spanish fleet off Cape St. Vincent, on February 14, 1797. Size 26. 23. MAJOR-GENERAL LORD HUTCHIINSON. Succeeded General Abercrombie in the command of the army in Egypt, in 1801. Size 26. 24. MARSHAL GENERAL LORD BERESFORD. 25. LIEUTENANT-GENERAL SIR T. PICTON, K.B. Size 26. 26. GEORGE, PRINCE REGENT. - Obverse. Bust of the Regent. GEORGE PRINCE REGENT MDCCCXVI. Reverse. A goddess, presenting a world to Britannia, who is placing an olive branch upon it. ENGLAND GIVES PEACE TO THE WORLD. 1814. Size 26. 27. EARL OF ST. VINCENT.-0Obverse. Bust of the Earl, inclosed in a wreath of laurel. EARL ST. VINCENT'S TESTIMONY OF APPROBATION... 1800. Reverse. A soldier and a civilian, clasping hands. LOYAL AND TRUE; inclosed in a wreath of laurel surmounted by a crown. The ground upon which the device is borne consists of the crosses of St. George and St. Andrew, drawn in outline. Size 29. 28. Reverse of a Medal struck in honor of her Majesty's Visit to the Corporation of the City of London, on the 9th of November, 1837.-The device is a view of Guildhall, London, which bears upon its front the motto DOMINE DIRIGE NOS. Size 33. 29. WATERLOO.- Obverse. Napoleon, seated upon a rock, in a dejected attitude, while Victory is presenting him with a palm branch, and pointing with a stylus to a scroll. Fame is flying 120 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. above and blowing her trumpet. NAPOLEON AT ST. HELENA. Reverse. Two hands clasped in friendship. WATERLOO JUNE 18, 1815, inclosed in a wreath of cactus, which is entwined with a scroll, bearing the names of the different battles of that campaign. This medal was probably struck for distribution among the survivors of the battle of Waterloo. Size 25. 30. ABERCROMBIE.- Obverse. Bust of Abercrombie. ABERCROMBIUS DUX IN EGYPTO CECIDIT VICTOR 28 MAR 1801. Reverse. Two warriors in a hand-to-hand conflict; a crocodile in the background. NA FIR A CHOISIN BUAIDH SAN EPIIAIT..... 21 MAR. 1801. Size 29. 31. REVEREND GEORGE WHITEFIELD.- Obverse. Bust of Whitefield. THE REV. GEORGE WITEFIELD, A.M. Rever-se. A funeral urn, surmounted by a cherub and a skull. B. (orn) 16. D. (ecember) 1714. D.(ied 30. S.(eptember) 1790. Size 22. 32. MOSES MENDELSSOIN. - Obverse. Bust of Mendelssohn. MOSES ENDELSSOHN. Reverse. The skull and butterfly, elblelmatic of the immortality of the soul. Legend. PI(ELDON. NATUS MDCCXXIX. Size 27. 33. SAMUEL PARR, LL.D. —Obverse. Bust of Parr. SAMUEL PARR, LL.D. Reverse. An open volume, bearing the word STVDIA. DEPASCIMVR AVREA DICTA MDCCCXXI. Size 27. 34. MEDAL OF THE LONDON CRYSTAL PALACE. Obverse. Bust of Prince Albert. HIS ROYAL HIGHNESS PRINCE ALBERT. Inclosed in a wreath of oak and laurel. Reverse. A representation of the Crystal Palace. Legend. THE BUILDING FOR TIlE GREAT EXHIIIBITION IN LONDON 1 51. Beneath which is inscribed, PROPOSED BY H. R. H. PRINCE ALBERT. DESIGNED BY JOSEPII PAXTON ESQ. F.L.S. ERECTED BY Fox, HENDERSON & CO..... DIMfENSIONS:-LENGTII 1848 FEET. WIDTH 456 FEET. HEIGHT OF PRINCIPAL ROOF 66 FEET. HEIGHT OF TRANSEPT 108 FEET. GLAZED SURFACE 900,000 FEET. OCCUI'IES 18 ACRES OF GROUND. Size 46. MISCELLAiNEOUS MEDALS. 121 35. Obverse. Bust of Queen Victoria. Legend. VICTORIA REGINA. Reverse. A representation of Guildhall. Inscribed beneath, IN HONOR OF HER MAJESTY'S VISIT TO THE CORPORATION OF LONDON 9H Nov. 1837. Size 34. 36. Obverse. Bust of Victoria, facing to the left. Legend. VICTORIA D. G. BRITANNIARUfM REGINA F. D. Reverse. THE BRITISH GOVERNMENT TO MR. A. B. LAUSSE CIIIEF MATE OF THE AMERICAN SHIP HARKAWAY, surrounded by branches of oak, crossed, above which is the crown. Legend. FOR S1GNAL COURAGE AND HUMANITY IN SAVING THE CREW OF TIlE BRITISH SIIP INFANTA 1855. Size 28. III. FRXNCE. 1. Struck on the Occasion of the Enlargement of the Palace of MARIA DE MEDICIS. - Obverse. Head of Louis Philippe, Hercules and Justice with appropriate emblems. LoI DU 15 JUIN 1836 AGRANDISSEMENT DU PALAIS DE LA CIIAMBRE DES PAIRS LOUIS PIILIPPE 1. REGNANT. M. DE MONTALIVET, MINISTRE DE L'INTERIEUR. M. DE GISORS, ARCIIITECTE. Reverse. An emblematical wreath, surmounted by the bust of Marie de Mecicis; supported by figures representing Painting and Architecture. Inscrinption. PALAIS DE MARIE DE MEDICIS, CONSTRUIT EN 1615, SUR LE TERRAIN DE L'HOTEL DE LUXEMBOURG, PAR JACQUES DEBROSSE. Size 42. 2. On the Occasion of the Visit of the Royal Family to the Mint, on the 8th of November, 1833.-Obverse. Heads of the King and Queen (Louis Philippe and Marie Amelie.) CIARTE DE 1830. LA FAMILIE ROYALE VISITE LE MIONNAIE LE 8. NOV. 1833, on a scroll. Reverse. Heads of the other members of the family (nine in number.) Size 48. 3. LoUIs PHILIPE I. —Obver.s. Head of Philippe. Louis PHIL 122 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. IPPE I. ROI DES FRANCAIS. Reverse. A representation of Liberty and Order, with clasped hands, supporting the French Flag. LIBERTE ORDRE PUBLIC. MDCCCXLI. Size 48. 4. To commemorate the Erection of the Normal School Buildings.- Obverse. Head of Louis Philippe. Louis PHILIPPE I. ROI DES FRANCAIS. Reverse. LOI DU 24 MARS 1841. CONSTRUCTION DES BATIMENTS DE L'ECOLE NORMALE, LOUIS PHILIPPE REGNANT, M. TESTE, MINISTRE DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS. M. VILLEMAIN, MINISTRE DE L'INSTRUCTION PUBLIQUE. M. DE GISORS, ARCHITECTE. Size 46. 5. To commemorate the Laying of the Corner-stone of the Library of St. Genevieve, on the 12th of August, 1844. Obverse. LoI DU 19 JUILLET 1843, LOUIS PHILIPPE, REGNANT, M. TESTE, MINISTRE DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS; M. VILLEMAIIN MINISTRE DE L'INSTRUCTION PUBLIQUE. Reverse. Interior of the library, and on the base, VUE INTERIEURE DE LA BIBLIOTIIEQUE ST GENEVIEVE. LA PREMIERE PIERRE DE CE MONUMENT A ETE POSEE LE 12 AOUT. 1844. PAR M. DUMON, MINISTRE DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS, M. LABROUSTE, ARCHITECTE. Size 44. 6. On the Occasion of the Improvement of the Port of Havre. -Obverse. Head of the King. Louis PHILIPPE I. ROI DES FRANCAIS. Reverse. The city and harbor of Havre. linscription. AGRANDISSEMENT DU PORT DU HAVRE, LOI DU 5 AOUT 1844. LoUIS PHIILIPPE REGNANT, M. DUMON, MINISTRE DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS, M. LEGRAND SOUS-SECRETR. D'ETAT. Size 44. 7. On the Occasion of the Opening of the Bridge of Dinan.Obverse. Head, with the name and title of Louis Philippe. Reverse. A representation of the bridge. VIADUC DE DINAN, LOI DU 19. JUILLET 1845 LouIS PHILIPPE 1. REGNANT, M. DUMON, MINISTRE DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS, M. LEGRAND SS. SLCRETE D'ETAT. Size 44. 8. Struck on the Occasion of the Erection of the new Building for the Department of Foreign Affairs, on the 29th of September, MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 123 1845.- Obverse. Head of the King, on a small medallion, and the figures of Hercules and Justice at either side. LoI DU 15. JUILLET 1845. LouIS PHILIPPE 1.. ROI DES FRANCAIS. Reverse. A representation of the new buildings, over which is inscribed, DROIT DES GENS. In a scroll, beneath the building, CONST~ DU NOUVEL HOTEL DU MRE DES AFFR.E ETRANGERES. Below which is also inscribed, LA IE PIERRE POSEE LE 29. 9ER 1845; PAR M. M. DUMON MINISTRE DES TRAV. PUB. ET GUIZOT MINISTRE DES AFFRS ETRANGERES. M. LACORNEE ARCHITECTE. Size 44. 9. On the Erection of the Buildings for the Stamp and Register Offices. —Obverse. Head of the King, and various emblems of arts, manufactures, books, and designs, etc. LoI DU 15 JUILLET 1845 LOUIS PI-IILIPPE. ROI DES FRANCAIS. Reverse. CONSTRUCTION DES NOUVEAUX BATIMENTS DU TIMBRE ET DE L'ENREGISTREMENT, LA PREMIERE PIERRE POSSEE LE 21 AVRIL 1846. PAR M. M. DUMON, MINISTRE DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS, ET LACAVE-LAPLAGNE, MINISTRE DES FINANCES, M. PT LELONG ARCIITECTE; and the royal stamp. Size 44. 10. Baptismal Medal, on the Occasion of the Baptism of one of the King's Children, in 1841. —Obverse. Head of the King. LUDOVICUS PHILIPPUS 1. FRANCORUM REX. Reverse. A representation of the service. COMES PARISIENSIS SACRO LAVACRO ABLUTUS, 11. MAII MDCCCXLI. Size 48. 11. School Medal, struck in 1842. —Obverse. Bust of the King. Louis PHILIPPE 1. Roi DES FRANCAIS. 25 MARS. 1842. Reverse. A view of a school. France teach'ng three youths, Le Roi et La Patrie-La IPatrie et Le Roi. ESTABLISSEMENT D'ECOLES PRIMAIRES DANS TOUTES LES COMMUNES DE FRANCE. LOI DU 28 JUIN 1833. Size 36. 12. Presented to MARSHAL BUGEAUD, Governor-General of Algeria, for the battle d'Isly. Obverse. Bust and title of Louis Philippe. Reverse. The inscription in which the King expresses 124 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. his thanks to the Marshal, and to the army under him, for their brilliant achievement on that occasion. Size 33. 13. Upon the Erection of the Fortifications around Paris, in 1841. — Obverse. The head of the King. LUDOv. PrIILIrPUS 1. FRANCORUM REX. Revlerse. SECURITAS PUBLICA. Lutetia mnititionibus cincta JIDCCCXLIT. ize 34. 14. Marriage of FERDINAND, DUKE OF ORLEANS to the PRINCESS OF MECKLENBOURG, in 1837. Obverse. Bust and title of the King. Reverse. A representation of the marriage ceremony. DOMESTICA FELICITAS SPES PUBLICA. FERDINAND PI-L. LUD. C. H. Dux AUREL: HEL. LUD. ELIS. PRING. MEEGALOPOL, SACRIS NUPTIAL IUNCTI AID)CCCXXXVII. Size 36. 15. Same occasion. Obverse. Heads of the Duke and Princess. Reverse. FERDINAND Duc D'ORLEANS, PRINCE ROYAL, MARIE LE 30 MAI 1837, A HELENE PRINCESSE DE MECKLENBOURG SCnIERIN. Size 36. 16. Obverse. The bust of the King. LOUIS PIILIPPE I. ROI DES FRANCAIS. Reverse. A soldier, with the standard of France in one hand, and a drawn sword in the other, is supporting a female figure, who holds a tablet, on which is inscribed, Loi. Legenld. FORCE AA A LOI ORDRE PUBLIC MDCCCXXXI. Size 26. 17. Obverse. Bust, with the name and title of the King. Reverse. A warrior standing among the ruins, holding a crown aloft in one hand, and grasping a short sword in the other. DAMRf:MONT NEMOURS-D'ORLEANS. VALEE. PRISE DE CONSTANTINE LE 13 OCTOBRE 1837. Size 32. 18. Same obverse. R]everse. CTIAMBRE DES DEPUTIES. SESSION 1842. The Chamber of Deputies met on the twenty-seventh of July, to provide a Regency upon the Death of the Duke of Orleans, who was killed by a fall from his carriage on the thirteenth of the same month. Size 33. 19. On) the ocefsion of the fete, given by the King, upon the MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 125 opening of the "Palace for the Exhibition of Products and Mlanufactures," in 1844.- Obverse. Same as above. Reverse. FETE DONNEE PAR LE ROI LE 8 JUIN 1844. Au CHATEAU DE VERSAILLES EN L'IONNEUR DES FRANCAIS QUI ONT EXPOSE AU PALAIS DE L'INDUSTRIE LES PRODUITS DE LEURS MANUFACTURES ET DE LEURS ATELIERS EN 1844. Size 33. 20. Upon the Removal of the Remains of NAPOLEON from St. Helena to Paris, in 1840.-Obverse. Bust and title of Louis Philippe. Reverse. An inscription in French, stating the fact. Size 33. 21. Upon the Inauguration of the Railroad between Brussels and Paris, in 1846.-Obverse. Two medallions, one bearing the head and title of Leopold, King of Belgium, and the other that of Louis Philippe, King of France. Reverse. INAUGURATION DU CIEMIN DE FER DE BRUXELLES A PARIS, 14 JUIN 1846. Size 24. 22. Medal presented to THONNELIER, for the Invention of the first Steam Coining-Press, in 1833.-Obverse. Head and title of King Louis Philippe. Reverse. Au Roi THONNELIER AUTEUR DE LA PRESSE MONETAIRE 1833. Sie 24. 23. In honor of NAPOLEON. —Obverse. Head of Napoleon. NAPOLEON EMPEREUR ET ROI. NE A AJACCIO 1769. MORT A ST HELENE 1821. Reverse. An eagle surrounded by a halo, in which is engraved the names of his different battles and other important events; commencing at Monte N2otte, and ending at Watferloo. LoI DU 10 JUIN 1840. ORDANNANT LA TRANSLATION DES CENDRES DE L'EMPEREUR NAPOLEON DE L'ISLE STE HELENE EN FRANCE. Size 24. 24. To commemorate the Battle of JENA.- Obverse. Head of the Emperor. NAPOLEON EMP. ET ROI. Reverse. A representation of the battle. BATAILLE D'JENA MADCCCVI. Size 32. 25. On the Marriage of the DUKE OF OORLEANS to the DUCHESS OF WURTEMBERG.-Obverse. Head of the Prince. FERD. PiI. L. 17 126 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. CH. H. Jos. Duc. D'ORLEANS P. RL. Reverse. Head of the Duchess. MARIE DE FRANCE DUCHESSE DE WURTEMBERG. Size 25. 26. Upon the Death of Louis XVII. —Obverse. Bust of Louis. LUDOV. XVII D. G. FRANC. ET NAV. REX. Reverse. A lily hanging upon a broken stem. CECIDIT UT FLOS. VIII JUNII MDCCXCV. Size 16. 27. DUKE D'ENGHIEN.-Obverse. Bust of the Duke. L. A. H. DE BOURBON. CONDE DUC D'ENGHIEN. Reverse. A horse standing, in an impatient attitude, by a tent; articles of armor lying about. PERIIT HEROS. VINCENNtE XXI MARTIS MDCCCIV. Size 25. 28. Baptism of the COUNT OF PARIS, on the 2d of March, 1841.Obverse. Head of the infant. AUGTE ENFANT VIVEZ POUR LE HONNEUR DE LA FRANCE ET LE MAINTIEN DES LIBERTES PUBLIQUES. BAPTEME DE M. LE COMTE DE PARIS, A LA METROPOLE LE 2 MAI 1841. Reverse. The heads of Louis Philippe and of the Duke and Duchess of Orleans. Louis PHILIPPE I. RoI DES FRANCAIS FERD. P. L. C. H. I. DUc D'ORLEANS IEB. L. E. DE MECKLEMBOURG SCHI. DUCESSE D'ORLEANS. Size 25. 29. In honor of DE PASTORET, Chancellor of France in 1830.Obverse. Head of De Pastoret. C. E. J. P. DE PASTORET, FRANCIE CANCELLARIUS. Reverse. NULLI IMPAR FORTUNE. MDCCCXXX. Size 26. 30. In honor of DE RIGNY.-Obverse. Head of De Rigny. CT H'. DE RIGNY VCE ADMIRAL DEPT MINTRE DE LA MARINE NM A TOUL EN 1783. MORT EN 1835. Reverse. A representation of Victory. BATAILLE DE NAVARIN XX OCTOBRE MDCCCXXVII. Size 30. 31. On the Anniversary of the Death of the DUKE OF ORLEANS, Prince Royal.-Obverse. Bust of the Prince. FERDINAND PHILIPPE LOUIS CHARLES HENRI D'ORLEANS, Du D'ORLEANS PRINCE ROYAL. Reverse. The family tomb. LE ROI LA FAMILLE ROYALE ET LA FRANCE CELEBRENT LE 1.E ANNIVERSAIRE DE LA MORT DE S. A. R. MG LE DUG D'ORLEANS. NE A PALERME LE 3. 7.R 1810. ENLEVE A L'AMOUR DE LA NATION LE 13 JUILLET 1842. Size 31. 32. Same occasion.-Obverse. Head of the Prince. FERD. PI. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 127 L. CH. H. Ros. Duc D'ORLEANS PRINCE RL Reverse. France mourning at his tomb. A. FERDINAND DE FRANCE LA PATRIE ET L'ARMEE. 13 JUILLET 1842. Size 31. 33. Same occasion.- Obverse. Bust of the Prince. FERDINAND PHILIPPE LOUIS CHARLES HENRI D'ORLEANS, DUC D'ORLEANS PRINCE ROYAL. The reverse bears an inscription, setting forth the virtues of the deceased Prince. Size 32. 34. Upon the Marriage of the DUKE DE MONTPENSIER to LOUISA, the youngest Princess of Spain.-Obverse. Heads of the Duke and the Princess. A. M. PH. L. D'ORLEANS, Due DE MONTPENSIER. LOUISE FERDINANDE INFANTE D'ESPAGNE. Reverse. MARIES A MADRID LE 10 OCTOBRE 1846. Size 32. 35. In honor of the PRINCE DE JOINVILLE.-Obverse. Bust of the Prince. FR. Pi. M. FERD. D'ORLEANS PRINCE DE JOINVILLE. Reverse. TANGER 6 AOUT 1844. MOGADOR 15 AOUT 1844. The Prince De Joinville sailed from Toulon, on the 23d of June, 1844, in command of the fleet, consisting of eight ships-of-war, and bombarded Tangier (Morocco) on the sixth of August, and the island of ifogadcor, on the 15th of August, both of which he captured, after short engagements. Size 32. 36. On the Death of MARSHAL LOBAU, on the 27th of November, 1838. —-Obverse. The bust of the Marshal. CG MOUTON COMTE DE LOBAU MARECHAL, PAIR DE FRANCE. Reverse. N A PHALSBOURG (MEURTHE) LE 21 FEV. 1770. MORT A PARIS LE 27 NOVEMBRE 1838. A tablet bearing the inscription LA GARDE NATIONALE DU DEPT DE LA SEINE A LA MEMOIRE DE SON COMMANDANT SUPERIEUR. Two branches of laurel, and flags draped in mourning, arranged in a circle. Size 33. 37. XAVIER BICHAT. Obverse. Bust of Bichat. Reverse. TRAITE DES MEMBRANES RECHERCHES PHYSIOLOGIQUES SUR LA VIE ET LA MORT ANATOMIE GENERALE ET DESCRIPTIVE.-NE A THOIRETTE (JURA) ANCIENNE BRESSE LE 9ERE 1771. MORT A PARIS LE 22 JUILLET 1802. Size 32. 128 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 38. Probably to commemorate the Introduction of Steam into the French Navy.- Obverse. A vessel under steam and sail. A LA GLOIRE DES SAVANTS ET DES INDUSTRIELS 1843. LA PUISSANCE DE LA VAPEUR BRAVE LE CALME DES MERS, AFFRONTE LES VENTS CONTRAIRES ET DOIT PORTER LA CIVILISATION DANS TOUT L UNIVERS. Reverse. A locomotive with cars, etc. LE GENIE DES CIEMINS DE FER, APPLANIT LES MONTAGNES, COMBLE LES VALLONS, FRANCIIIT LES RIVIERES, ET FACILITE LES TRANSACTIONS COMMERCIALES, ENTRE LES PEUPLES. Size 32. 39. On the Erection of a Monument in honor of the Garrison of Mazagran. — Obverse. Represents the monument. On the pedestal LOUIS PIIILIPPE REGNANT.-SOUSCRIPTION POUR ELEVER UNE COLONNE A LA GLOIRE DES CENT VINGT SIX BRAVES QUE DEFENDIRENT L. 3. 4. 5. 6. FEVER 1840, LE POSTE DE MAZAGRAN CONTRE DOUZE MILLE ARABES. Reverse. Names of the officers and soldiers comprising the garrison. Size 33. 40. Upon the Erection of the Monument to MOLIERE, in 1844.Obverse. Bust of Moliere. MOLIERE 1622-1673. Reverse. A view of the monument. INAUGURE EN 1844. SOUSCRIPT'~ NATIONTE. VISCONTI ARCH. CANNOIS, SCULP., on the front of the Monument; at the top is the date 1844, and on the base A MOLIERE, 1622-1673. Size 32. 41. Cholera Medal of Paris, a copy, showing only one side. In the device, Death is seen, carrying off one of his victims, while a good Samaritan is tending a sick female, and warding off the approach of the grim messenger. In the background are seen savans burning incense, etc., and in the front are the weeping children and fiiends of the sufferer. INVASION DU CHOLERA EN 1832. Size 53. 42. Upon the Appointment of the DUKE OF ORLEANS, by the Chamber of Deputies, to the Lieutenant-generalship of France, in 1830.-0Obverse. Minerva witnessing the signing of a charter by MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 129 the Duke. Reverse. LE 31. JUILLET 1830 LA COMAIISSION DE LA REUNION DES DEPUTES INVITE S. A. R. LE DuC D'ORLEANS A EXERCER LES POUVOIRS DE LIEUTENANT GENERAL DU ROYAUME AU NOM DE LA FRANCE. Inclosed in a wreath of oak. Size 48. 43. In honor of the Three Consuls of France-BONAPARTE, CAMBACERES, and LE BRUN.-Obverse. Busts of the three. BONAPARTE PREMIER CONSUL, CAMBACERES SECOND CONSUL, LE BRUN TROISIEME CONSUL. Reverse. LE CORPS LEGISLATIF AUX CONSULS DE LA REPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE. PAIX INTERIEURE. PAIX EXTERIEURE. ARRETE DU 30 FLOREAL AN X. 20 MAI MDCCCII. Size 43. 44. In honor of DE SUSSY.- Obverse. His bust. J. B. H. CTE DE SUSSY, PAIR DE FRANCE, PRESIDENT DE LA COMMISSION DES MONNAIES ET MEDAILLES. Reverse. MUSEE DES MONNAIES ET MEDAILLES. FORME EN 1832 PAR LES SOINS DE MR LE COMPTE DE SUSSY. INAUGURE EN 1833 PAR L. L. M. M. LOUIS PHILIPPE 1TE ET MARIE AMELIE. Inclosed in a wreath of oak. Size 43. 45. Obverse. Port of Rochelle. ENTREE DU PORT DE LA ROCIIELLE MDCCCXXIV. Reverse. HOfMMAGE DES ROCIELLAIS. PASSAGE DE S. A. R. MADAME DUCi. D'ANGOULEME LE 16. 7BTE 1823. A scene in Rochelle; the cortege passing through the public square. Size 43. 46. The Great Conqueror.-An electrotype copy, showing only one side. ROXOLANICVS MAXIMVS. AEDILES. PARIS. IMP. NEAPOLIONI, A. VICTORIA REDVCI IN SVCVRBANO CAESARVM. GRATES AGVNT, -PR.ID. DECEMBR. DECDCCCV. Size 43. 47. The Building of the Gynnasium in Paris.-Obverse. CRESCENTI AD AMILITI2E DECUS NOBILITATI. PALESTRA EXiEDIFICATA MDCCLXVIIII. Reverse. AURO ARGENTO 2ERI FLANDO FERIUNDO. JEDES _EDIFICAT/E AMDCCLXX. Size 41. 48. JEAN FERNEL and AMBROISE PARE.- Obverse. Their heads, in profile. LA MEDECINE RENDUE A SON UNITE PRIMITIVE. DECRET DU 14 PRIMAI.E AN III. DE LA R. F. Reverse. JEDES ACADEMI ET SCHO. CHIRURGO. REGIA MUNIFICENTIA INCHOAT MDCCLXX ABSOL: MDCCLLXXIV. 130 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. Fernel was physician to Henry I[., and Pare was surgeon of the same monarch, and, also, of his three successors. The former has left several medical works which are esteemed high authority by the profession. Size 38. 49. To commemorate e e first Ascension in a Balloon. Obverse. Represents the famous fire balloon of MONTGOLFIER (the first constructor) which was sent up from near the Palace of Versailles, Paris, on the 19th of September, 1783; and, also, a hydrogen gas balloon. AUDACIA FELIX.-AERA PERMEARUNT XXI Nov. L. F. DARLANDES ET F. PILATRE. I DEC. J. A. C. CHARLES ET M. N. ROBERT. ANNO. AIDCCLXXXIII. Reverse. PATEFACTO PER AERA ITINERE A JOSEPHO. ET STEPHANO MONTGOLFIER V JUNII MDCCLXXXIII. REI MEMORIAM POSTERITATI TRADI JUSSIT LUDOVICUS XVI ANNO MDCCLXXXIV. Size 32. 50. Obverse. Dvx KAROLVS BVRGVNDVS. Head of the Prince. Reverse. A ram, with an inscription, IELAIEMPRIVS RIENENAVIENCNE..ize 24. 51. Obverse. VILLE DE PARIS. A shield bearing a ship, under sail, and fleurs-de-lys. Reverse. A shield, supported by two greyhounds: a crown suspended above. PREVOSTE DE MI. J. B. FR. DE LA MICHODIERE 1773. Size 20. 52. ACADEMY AT CARRARA.-Obverse. Head of Minerva; mallet and compass. ACADEAMIA CARRARIENSIS. Reverse. STVDIOSAE IVVENTVTIS INCITAMIENTO; a small wreath composed of two branches of laurel. Size 27. 53. Obverse. Bust of Louis XVI. LUD XVI REX CHRISTIANISS. Reverse. A crown suspended above a vine interlaced, and representing two L's, the royal cipher. Size 22. 54. Obverse. LUDOVICUS MAGNUS REX. Head of the King. Reverse. LA VILLE DE PARIS; a bridge and several boats in the foreground, and the city in the background. Size 18. 55. Obverse.. L. XV REX CHRISTIANISS. Reverse. DANT ACCIPIUNT QUE VICISSIM TRESOR ROYAL 1758. Size 19. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 131 56. Obverse. Same as 54. Reverse. A bee-hive. INNOXIIS INNOXIE. EXTRAORDINAIRE DES GUERRES 1778. Size 18. 57. Obverse. Louis CH. DE BOURBON G. D'Eu Duc D'AuM G. M. DE LART. Reverse. INVIA FULMINIBUS NULLA EST VIA.ARTILLERIE 1743. The device represents thunder-bolts descending from the clouds. Size 18. 58. Obverse. The head of the King. LUD. XV REX CHRISTIANISS. Reverse. LATE. CVNCTA. PROFVNDIT. The device represents a female seated in a chariot, and holding a light in one hand, which probably signifies Christianity carrying the light of the Gospel through the world. Size 18. 59. Obverse. The head of the King. LUD. XV REX CHRISTIANISS. Reverse. The recording angel, seated among trophies of victory, and writing on a shield with the point of an arrow. VICTORIS CELERITAS ET CONSTANTIA. PR ECIPUE BELGII AUSTRIACI URBES SUBACT-E. ADCCXLV. Size 28. GO. Obverse. Bust of RICHELIEU. ARMAND. lo. CAB. DVx DE RICHELIEV. Reverse. A French ship under sail. FVREN TIBVS EMINET AVSTRIS 1637. Size 17. 61. Obverse. LAFAYETTE GL EN CHEF. Head of Lafayette. Reverse. 1789-1830. NE A CHAVANIAC LE 6 SEPBE 1757. MORT A PARIS LE 20. MAI 1834. Size 14. 62. Obverse. Bust of the King. LUD. XVI D. G. FR ET NA REX. Reverse. OPTIMO PRINCIPI 1791. A monument, surmounted by an equestrian statue. Size 15. 63. Obverse. A crown. F. G. III. FIDELITE AU DEVOIR ET A LA PATRIE 1831. Reverse. A shield and crown, inclosed in a wreath composed of sprigs of laurel and oak. Size 15. 64. Obverse. DAGOBERT I ROY DE FRANCE. His head, crowned. Reverse. II.-NE 604. SUCCEDE 628. FONDATION DE L'ABBAIE DE SAINT DENYS, MORT 638. PREMIERE RACE. P. Size 20. 65. Obverse. CHERBIRT ROY DE FRANCE. His head, crowned. 132 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. Reverse. 8.-NE 521. SUCCEDE 561 PAIX CONTINUELLE, MORT 570. PREMIERE RACE. F. Size 20. 66. Obverse. FRANCOIS I ROY DE FRANCE. His heacd lcaureated. Reverse. 58. NE 1494. SUCCEDE 1515. RETABLISSEMENT DES SCIENCES ET DES BEAUX ARTS, MORT 1547. TROISIEME RACE. P. Size 20. 67. MARTIN LUTHER.- Obverse. His bust. MARTIN LUTHER. VERBUnM DEI MANET IN JETERNUM. Reverse. TROISIEME JUBILE DE LA REFORMATION,-CAELEBRE A PARIS MDCCCXVII. An altar, supporting an open Bible, which bears the word Evangile. A female (probably intended for Christianity) is dispelling the clouds, and permitting the light of the Gospel to shine forth from the heavens. Size 25. 68. Upon the Birth of HENRI DuKE DE BORDEAUX, on the 29th of September, 1820; (his mother, the Duchess of Berri, was then a widow, the Duke having been assassinated on the thirteenth of February previous.)-Obverse. The Duchess, on a couch, holding up a new-born infant. DIEU NOUS L'A DONNE,-NOS COEURS ET NOS BRAS SONT A LUI. Reverse. 29. SEPT. 1820. The Genius of Order trampling upon a fiend, who holds a dagger in one hand, and a torch in the other. (Possibly some allusion is intended to the defeat of the conspiracy against the government, in this year; the birth of this Prince having been one of the main causes of the reaction in the public mind in favor of the loyalists.) Size 24. 69. CHARLES X. Obverse. His head. CHARLES X ROI DE FRANCE. Reverse. THE BOURSE. AGENS DE CHANGE DE PARIS. Size 20. 70. Obverse. LOUIS CHARLES ET MARIE THERESE CHARLOTTE, ENFANS DE LouIS SEIZE. Busts of the Prince and Princess. Reverse. An embroidered curtain hanging in heavy folds. QUAND SERA-T-ELLE LEVEE? Size 19. 71. COLUMBUS.-Obverse. His bust. CIRISTOPHORUS COLOMB. Reverse. NATUS AN. M.CCCC.XLII CONGURETI AD GENUAM OBIIT IN VALLE OLETI APUD HISPANOS AN M.D.VI.-SERIES NUMISMATICA UNIVERSALIS VIRORUM ILTLUSTRIUMT,-M.DCCCXII. Size 26. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 133 72. Obverse. Busts of FRANKLIN and MONTYON. FRANKLIN, BIENFAISANCE DU GENIE. MONTYON, GENIE DE LA BIENFAISANCE. Reverse. SOCIETE MONTYON ET FRANKLIN POUR LES PORTRAITS DES HOAMMES UTILES. And, within an oak wreath, the following inscription, LES SOUSCRIPTEURS ASSOCIIS POUR PROPAGER L'HISTOIRE DES BIENFAITEURS DE L'HUMIANITE. 1833. Size 26. 73. Obverse. Bust of LAFAYETTE. GENERAL LAFAYETTE. Reverse. Within a wreath of branches of oak is the inscription, THE DEFENDER OF AMERICAN AND FRENCH LIBERTY. 1777-1824. BORN IN CHAVANIAC THE 6 SEPTEMBER 1757. Size 29. 74. Obverse. HIead of Louis PHILIPPE. LVDOVICVS PHILIPPVS I. FRANCORVMI REX. Reverse. A French vessel-of-war anchored before the Castle of San Juan de Uloa, over which the goddess of Victory is flying with a thunderbolt in one hand, and the standard of France in the other. Jvs GENTIVM ARMIS GALLICIS VINDICATVM. Exergue. CASTELLO S. JOANNIS DE VLVA EXPVGNATO D. XXVII Nov. MDCCCXXXVIII. Size 47. 75. Obverse. HIead of LouIs NAPOLEON. LouIs NAPOLEON BONAPARTE. Reverse. A laurel wreath, with the inscription, PRESIDENT DE LA RIEPUBLIQUE FRANCAISE ELU LE 10 DECEMBRE 1848 PAR 5576397 SUFF. Size 32. 76. Obverse. Head of LoUIS NAPOLEON. NAPOLEON III ErPEREUR. Reverse. The god Mercury enthroned; in the background a view of the Bourse of Paris. AGENS DE CHANGE DE PARIS. MDCCCLIII. Size 23. 18 134 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. IV. GERMANY. 1. Obverse. LASST IHM UNS LEBEN! —LEBE, WIE DU, WENN DU STIRBST WUNSCHEN WIRST GELEBT ZU HABEN. A table, on which lies an open Bible; and a skull and butterfly, emblems of immortality; also various emblems of arts, sciences, etc. Reverse. ER STARB FUR UNS. Size 32. 2. Obverse. Bust of the Saviour. Reverse. DAS WORT WARD FLEISCH UND WOINETE UNTER UNS UND WIR SAIIEN SEINE IIERRLICHKEIT. Ev. IOH. CAP. 1. v. 14. (And the Word was made flesh, and dwelt among us, and we beheld his glory. Gospel of John, chap. 1st, verse 14.) Size 27. 3. Obverse. DEM GLUCKLICHEN TAGE. An angel flying and scattering flowers; a cupid clinging to her shoulder and carrying a torch. Reverse. ZUR ERINNERUNG DER 25 IAHR. HOCHZ. FEIER VON IOACH. LOR. DE LA CAMP UND MARIA CORNELIA. GEB. BEIHMOLLER, D. 15 Nov. 1830. Inclosed in a wreath. Size 26. 4. Obverse. ER. WIRD MIT DEM GEISTE TAUFEN. The device is a representation of the baptism of our Saviour. Reverse. ER LEITE DICH AUF EBENER BAHN —DENKMAL DER LIEBE UND FREUNDSCHAFT. Inclosed in a wreath of palms. Size 24. 5. Obverse. Bust of the Saviour. Reverse. The baptism by John. ER WIRD MIT DEM GEISTE TAUFEN, ZUR ERINNERUNG. A commemoration of the event. Size 24. 6. Obverse. An angel leaning on a pedestal and holding a wreath of flowers. UND FREUDE VERKURZE DIE ZEIT. Reverse. Eve receiving the apple and giving food to the serpent. GESUNDHEIT VERLAENGRE DEIN LEBEN. Size 23. 7. Obverse. NOLI TURBARE CIRCULOS. Archimedes drawing a circle. LOGE ARCHIMEDES ZU DEN DREY REISSBRETERN. Reverse. A public building. GEGRUNDET DEN 12 AUGUST 1802. Size 23. MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 135 8. Obverse. FRIEDR. WILHELM III KCENIG VON PREUSSEN. His bust. Reverse. DEM BESTEN SCHUTZEN. Size 23. 9. Obverse. VOOR ALLEN. A female, sitting, and holding a torch. TOTNUTVAN T'ALGEMEEN. Reverse. 25 JAREN BESTAAN 18s09. Size 22. 10. Obverse. The City of Leisnig. HERGESTELLT BISHER ERHALTEN D. 5. OCT. 1800. Reverse. The same city in flames. LEISNIG IN DER ASCHE D. 5. OCT. 1700. Size 16. 11. Obverse. The coat of arms of the City of Hamburg, surrounded by a number of shields, representing Religion, Commerce, Power, Industry, Justice, and Peace, with the motto sic SATIS. REIP HAMBURG ADCCXXXII. Reverse. Neptune and Aquarius, the former riding on a whale, and the latter seated on a rock; each carrying a ship. VTRIVSQVE COMMERCII. SALVS RECIPROCA. Size 30. 12. Obverse. Various emblems of arts, sciences, etc., arranged in a circle. DIE GESELLSCHAFT ZUR VERVOLLKOMMINUNG DER MECIIANISCHEN KUNSTE UND GEWERBE ZU WURZBURG. Reverse. ZUR ANERKENNUNG DES FLEISES. Surrounded by a wreath of oak leaves. Size 22. 13. Obverse. VIRTUTE ET EXEMPLO. A world; a sword and spade crossed, and a'divine glory," shining above. Reverse. A crown. JOSEPHUS HUNG: BOHEMI. ETC. PRINC: HERED: ARCHID. AUSTR: ETC. ELECTUS IN REGEM. ROM: CORONATUS FRANC: 3 APR. 1764. Size 16. 14. Obverse. DER SEGEN DES HERREN MACHT REICH OHNE MYHE. A hand issuing from the clouds, and holding a cornucopia; the contents of which are being scattered over the land. Reverse. A sheaf of wheat. AUF DIE GESEGNETE GETRAYD ERNDE IN FRANKEN. -1779. Size 24. 15. Obverse. Heads of FERDINAND and MARIA. FERDINAND ET MARIA ANNA. Reverse. A coat of arms. D. G. PRINC: A SCHrARZENBERG HIERES LANDGRAVIA IN SULZ. 1696. Size 29. 136 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS..16. Commemorative of the Introduction of the Evangelical Lutheran Religion in Baden.- Obverse. The arms cf Baden. The inscriptions are much defaced. They record the establishment of the Reformation in Baden by the Margrave Carl, June 1, 1556; and that this event was celebrated in 1756 by order of the Duke Carl Frederick. The medal was struck May 30, 1756. Size 18. 17. Obverse. CHRISTIAN. JOI-IAN: GEORG. ET AUGUSTUS.-1597. Three busts, grouped. Reverse. FRAT: ET DUCES SAXON. Size 26. 18. Obverse. AVGUSTA VINDELICORVM. Aquarius and Neptune seated by a fountain. MDCXCIV. Reverse. The double-headed eagle. LEOPOLDUS D. G. RO[M. IMP. S. AVG. Size 28. 19. Obverse. DEO ET IMPERIO. An altar, sustaining a sword and sceptre, and a glory. Reverse. FRANCISCUS HIER REX LOTH. BAR ET M. HIER, DUX ELECTUS IN REGEM ROMAN CORONATUS FRANC. 4 OCT. 1745. Size 14. 20. Obverse. FRID. WILHELM. BERNARD 9. IO. FRIDERIC 9. ERNESTVS. Their heads. LINE2E VINARIENSIS 1611. Reverse. WILHELMVS, ALBERTVS D. G. 10. ERNES. FRIDERICVS. And their portraits grouped, as on obverse. MON, NOVARG: VIII. FRAT.: DVe. SAX. (The eight brothers Dukes of Saxony.) Size 25. 21. Obveere. ZU MICHAELIS TEMPEL, NACH JACOBS EXEMPEL. (To Michael's temple, by Jacob's example.) DEN GRUND STEIN GELEGT. (Laying of a corner-stone.) D. 29 JUN 1751. Reverse. GOTT WOLLE VERLEIHEN, EIN SOLCHES GEDEIEN. Size 25. 22. Obverse. A monument bearing the inscription WILIELMUS D. IV. BENE FACIENDO BENEFICIT. Two scrolls inscribed as follows: Denatuas 17 /ey: Na1662. s 11 April: 1598. 1662 1.98 Humnctus 24 Juni: Renatus 23 Ap: DUX. SAX. I. C. & M. LANDG. TIUR. MARCH, MISN. PRIN. CO. IIENNEB. COML. MAR & RAV. DYNAST. IN RAV. Reverse. A crown, and two hands issuing from the clouds at either side, and in the MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 137 act of tying four arrows together. FRATRUM INTER SE CONCORDIA QUOVIS MURO FIRMIUS MUNIMENTUM. Size 27. 23. Obverse. ST. RUPERT, Bishop of Saltzburg. s. RUDBERTUS EPS. SALISBURG 1696. Reverse. IO. ERNEST 9. D. G. ARCHIEP. SAI. S. A. L. SUB TUUM PRESIDIUM CONFVG. Size 26. 24. Obverse. Bust of LEOPOLD. LEOPOLDUS D. G. ROMI. IMP. AUG. GERM. HUNG. BOHEMI. REX. Reverse. PAX GERMANO-GALLICA. A female carrying an olive branch and the wand of Mercury. Size 20. 25. Obverse. ITALIA AUSTRIACA...... NEAPOLIS. A helmeted warrior leaning against a column, and pointing at the city with his drawn sword. Reverse. VIVA L'AUSTRIA 0'na9gr. WRATISLAVIA. MDCCVII. Size 20. 26. PEACE OF BADEN, 1714. —Obverse. IN MEMORIAM PACIS BADENSIS 7 SEPTEMBR. 1714. Reverse. Three escutcheons inclosed in a laurel wreath. Size 14. 27. Obverse. FRIDERICUS II AUSTR. & STIR. DUX. BELLICOSUS AVITA VIRTUTE VICTOR. XV JUN MCCXLVI. A full-length figure holding a shield and sword. Reverse. EDMVND ABB. SKEC. VI. A CINERIB. VLT. BABEND. IN. S. CRVCE RECEPTIS PIE CELEBRAT. A coat of arms. Size 33. 28. Hamrburg One Thousand Years a City.-Obverse. The angel of Peace flying over the City of Hamburg, and carrying branches of olive. FRIEDE IN DEINEN MAUERN, GLLUCK IN DEINEN PALLAESTEN. HAMBURGS, TAUSENDJIIHRIGE JUBELFEIER 1803. Reverse. DIE TAGE DEINER VCELKER WERDEN SEYN WIE DIE EINES BAU31ES UND DAS WERK IHRER HIENDE WIRD ALT WERDEN. Hammonia, the goddess of Hamburg, seated beneath a tree. Size 24. 29. Obverse. RESTAURATA. A column in the foreground. In the background are seen the husbandmlan, plowing; and the shepherd tending his flock. OPERA RUSS. ET GALL. INTERPOSITA TESCHEN/ D. XIII MAII MDCCLXXIX. Reverse. The same column 138 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. broken and cast down. TRANQUILLITAS GERMANIAE INTERRUPTA. D: III IVLII, MDCCLXXVIII. Size 29. 30. Obverse. Bust of ROSENSTIEL. FREDERICH PHILIP ROSENSTIEL KOENIGL: PREUSS: GEHEIMER OBER FINANZRATH. Reverse. The inscription, VON DANKBAREN ZOEGLINGEN AM 3 FEBR. 1828. Size 28. 31. Obverse. Bust of Field Marshal Wrede. FELD MARSCHALL FURST V. WREDE. Reverse. A tombstone draped with military emblems, and bearing the initial W. and a crown; a female figure placing a wreath upon the monument. DEM SIEGER SEINEN LOHN. 1814. Size 21. V. SPANISH AMERICA. With a few exceptions, the medals herein described were struck to proclaim a new monarch, or a new constitution. Many of them were used as currency. They are generally in silver. 1. Obverse. FERDIN. HISP. VII. GUAI. II. 1808. His bust. Reverse. An escutcheon surmounted by a crown. INTER SUSPIRIA FIDES. Size 13. 2. Obverse. CAROLUS IV D. G. HISP. ET IND. R. His bust. Reverse. A cross, surmounted by a crown, and supported by two lions. PROCLAMATUS CARTAG. IND. 1789. Size 21. 3. The obverse bears the bust of Ferdinand VI. and his titles; and the reverse, two mountains, with an elephant, jumping from one to the other, and carrying a rider. The only letters distinguishable on this side are the date 1747, and GUAT.-PROCLAMACION. Size 20. 4. Obverse. CARLOS IV REY DE ESPANA Y DE LAS YNDIA. Reverse. PROCLAMADO EN MEXICO ANO DE 1789. Size 18. 5. Obverse. CAROLUS. IV. D. G. HISP. ET IND. REX. Spanish arms. Reverse. PUBLIC. FIDELIT. JURAM. D. 10. OCTOBRIS. 1789. Eagle, MISCELLANEOUS MEDAS. 139 crowned, and the pillars with PLUS VLTRA. Similar to the dollar. Size 23. 6. Obverse. The busts of the King and Queen. CAROLO IV ET ALOISIAE HISP. ET IND. RR. AA. MARCH. DE BRANCIFORTE. NOV. HISP. PRO REX C. F. ET D. MEX. AN. 1796. Reverse. A monument surmounted by an equestrian statue. CAROLO. Iv. PIO. BENEF. HIS. ET IND. REGI. Size 21. 7. Obverse. CAROL. IV D. G. HISP. ET IND. R. and his bust. Reverse. A hamlet or village, backed by mountains, over one of which the sun is just rising. PROCLAMATUS II. CIVIT POPAIANENSI 1790. Size 20. 8. Obverse. EL ESTADO D. CHILE CONSTITUIDO INDEPENDTE ANO D. 1818. The sun shining from the clouds; a tree in the foreground. INDEPENDENCIA. Reverse. Two arms issuing from the clouds at either side, and supporting a column, on which rests a world. JUNTOS Y UNIDOS SEREIS FELICES. LIBERTAD on a scroll. Size 22. 9. Obverse. The arms of Lima. PRECIDENCIA VITALICIA DEL LIBERTADOR SIMON BOLIVAR. Reverse. A1l open volume bearing the word CONSTITUTION, and beneath, the word LIMA? inclosed in a wreath of laurel and palm. SOLEMNEMTE JURADA EN 9 D. DECB.R D. 1826. Size 21. 10. Obverse. An open volume, in a halo, bearing the word CONSTITUTION. SANCIONADA POR EL CONGRESO JENERAL DEL PERU. Reverse. PROMULGADA Y JURADA EN 6 DE ABRIL DE 1828. Size 23. 11. Obverse. CAROL IV D. G. HISP. ET IND. R. His bust. Reverse. An escutcheon. SANTA FIDES FIRMAT FIDEM, 1789. Size 21. 12. Obverse. Bust of Bolivar. SIMON BOLIVAR LIB" D. COLOMB. Y DEL PERU. Reverse. An Indian sitting among the ruins of a castle; the sun shining in the background. EL CUZCO A SU LIBERTADOR 1825. Size 28. 13. Obverse. Bust of Bolivar. A su LIBERTADOR SIMON BOLIVAR. 140 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. Reverse. The coat of arms of Peru. EL PERU RESTAURADO EN AYACOCHO ANO DE 1824. Size 20. 14. Obverse. Bust of Ferdinand. FERN 7 POR LA G. DE DIOS Y LA CONST, 1823. Reverse. VAL. SITIADA POR LOS ENEMIGOS DE LA LIBERTAD. Size 16. 15. Obverse. Same device as No. 11. SANCIONADA POR EL CONGRESSO JENERAL EL PERU. Reverse. PROMULGADA Y JURADA EN 6 DE ABRIL DE 1828. Size 17. 16. Obverse. CAROL III D. G. IISP. REX MIEXIC PROCLAM. 1760. His bust. Reverse. IM3PERATOR INDIARUM CONSULATUS. Size 25. 17. Obverse. CAROLUS IV HISP. ET IND. R. 1789. Reverse. MAG. CIUIT. HEC PRINC. UALET ET FIDELIT. ORN. PUB. JUR. Size 25. 18. Medal of FERDINAND VII.. Obverse. His head. Reverse. A mountain, under which is the date 1808. It is so much worn that very little of the inscription is legible. Size 17. 19. Obverse. FERNANDO VII REY DE ESPANA Y DE LAS YNDIASS and the arms of Spain. Reverse. PROCLAMADO EN MEXICO A. 13 DE AGOST DEL ANO DE 1808. Size 25. 20. Small Medal.-Same as preceding. Size 18. 21. Obverse. Same as preceding, except that YNDIA is spelt with an 1"." Reverse. ENSU PROOCLAMACION. LA VILLA DE XALAPA EN 29 DE SEPTEAMBRE DE 1808. Size 18. 22. Obverse. Device similar to the quarter dollar of Mexico. FERNANDO VII REY DE ESPANA Y DE SUS INDIAS. Reverse. PROCLAMADO EN CIUDAD R. DE CIIAPA ANO. 1808. Size 17. 23. Obverse. REI DE ESPANA E INDIAS. Reverse. AUGUSTA PROCLLAMACION DEL N. R. D G. POR FERNANDO VII SEP. 11 DE 1808. Size 17. 24. Device similar to the silver dollar. FERNANDO VII REY DE ESPANA Y DE LAS INDIAS. Reverse. PROCLAMADO EN LA CAPITAL DEL NUEBO SANTANDER EN 8 DE ABRIL DEL ANO. DE 1809. Size 25. 25. Obverse. AGUSTIN PRIMER EMP. CONSTITUCIONAL D. M. Bust of MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 141 Augustin. Reverse. GUADALAXARA EN SU VENTUROSA PROCLAMACION. 1822. Size 25. 26. Obverse. Same as preceding. Reverse. A crown in a halo. EL CONSULADA NACIONAL DE GUADALAXARA 1822. Size 24. 27. Obverse. An eagle in flight, and carrying an arrow, from which hangs a flag, bearing the words LA PATRIA LO ELEVA AL TRONO. Reverse. A shield, with the inscription, AGUSTIN PRIMER IMP. CONSTITUCION JURADO POR MEXICO. A 24 DE ENERO DE 1823. Size 20. 28. Obverse. An eagle perched upon a cactus; the latter, growing upon a rock, which is surrounded by water. Reverse. MEJICO EN LA SOLEMINE PROCLAMACION DE LA INDEPENDENCIA DEL IMPERIO A 27. DE OCTUBRE DE 1821. Size 22. 29. Small Medal of CHARLES III. —Very much worn. The obverse bears the head of Charles; and the reverse, a horse, jumping from one mountain peak to another, and carrying a rider. Inscriptions not legible. Size 12. 30. Obverse. FERN~ VII REI D LAS ESPANAS. His head. Reverse. DOM~ D. MONTEUI LE PROC~ EN CAR~ CEP. 24 D. 1812. Size 19. 31. Obverse. Head of Fernando. EN AMOR DE FERNANDO VII REY DE ESPANA E YNDIAS. Reverse. Two lions, supporting a cross, surmounted by a crown. EL COMERCIO DE SANTAFE DE BOGOTA SEPTEMBRE 11. 1808. Size 25. 32. Obverse. A FERNANDO VII REY DE ESP. E IND. 1808. His bust. Reverse. PROCLA. EN LA C DE TRUXILLO RNO DE GUAT. A shield bearing a castle, and surmounted by a crown. Size 17. 33. Medal of GENERAL GAMARRA, of Peru.- Obverse. In the foreground are seen troops fighting, while a figure is standing upon a mountain, in the background, and blowing a trumpet. LA LEY RESTAURADA POR EL VALOR DEL EJERCITO UNIDO EN ANCACI-H. Reverse. LOS EMPLEADOS DE LA MIONEDA AL RESTAURADOR DE SU PATRIA GRAN MARISCAL GAMAR.RA. CTZ. 1839. SAize 21. 19 142 MISCELLANEOUS MEDALS. 34. Obverse. A female grasping two serpents. EL PUEBLO JUEZ. Reverse. JUICIO POR JURADOS. A sword and scales lying upon a pedestal; a Gloria Dei above. GUAT. 1837. Size 16. 35. Obverse. LOS REMEDIOS D. MEXICO GRABADA EN EL A. 1788. Reverse. S. FELIPE DE JESUS NATURAL Y PATRONO DA C. D. MEXICO. This medal is provided with a ring, from which it may be suspended and worn as an ornament. Size 21. 36. LIMA.-Obverse. FERDINANDUS VII D. G. HISP. ET IND. REX. His bust. Reverse. PUBLICSE FIDELITATIS JURAM LIMAE. ABASCAL 13 OCTOB. 1808. The device is similar to that on the Spanish-American dollar, with the addition of the double-headed eagle. Size 24. 37. Spanish Medal without date, the object of which does not appear.-SECOND EPOCH is the legend on the one side, and on the other, WITH THE TRIPLE GUARANTY. Size 32. A SUPPLEMENTAL LIST OF MEDALS, ETC. VERY recently there has been added to the Cabinet a number of medals of various nations: African rings and other ornaments; Colonial and Continental paper currency; one of the famous Assignats of France; several Chinese and Turkish bank notes; and other curiosities of a like character. These have been arranged in a separate case, and a list and statement of them is herein given. 1. Medal of NAPOLEON BONAPARTE and the Archduchess MARIA LOUISA, daughter of Francis I. Emperor of Austria. Obverse. Their heads. No inscription. The convention of marriage between Napoleon and Maria Louisa was concluded on the 7th of February, 1810. Size 89. 2. Upon the recommendation of the ministry, a law was passed, in 1842, providing credits for six new railroad routes. —Obverse. Head of the King. LOUIS PHILIPPE I ROI DES FRANCAIS. Reverse. A goddess, seated upon a throne, and holding a tablet, which bears the inscription, CHEMINS DE FER. Mercury and Mars flying in opposite directions. DANT IGNOTAS MARTI NOVASQUE MERCURIO ALAS. LOI DU XI JUIN MDCCCXLII. LOUIS PHILIPPE REGNANT. MR TESTE, MINISTRE DES TRAVAUX PUBLICS. Mr LEGRAND SOUS SECRETAIRE D'ETAT. Size 70. 3. Medal of MARIA AUGUSTA.- Obverse. Her bust. MARIA AUGUSTA GALLIE ET NAVARJE REGINA. The inscription is reversed, and reads from right to left. Struck in 1624. A copy. No reverse. Size 66. (143) 144 A SUPPLEMENTAL LIST OF MEDALS. 4. Louis XVIII.- Obverse. The King seated upon the throne. MDCCXCV. Reverse. The royal arms. LOUIS XVIII ROI DE FRANCE ET DE NAVARRE. Size 78. 5. JOHN CALVIN. —Obverse. His bust. JOHANNES CALVINUS, NATUS NOVIADVNI 1509, MORTVVS GENEVE 1564. Reverse. CORPORE-FRACTVS: ANIMO-POTENS: FIDE-VICTOR. IL TEINT FERME, COME S IL EVST VEV CELVY QVI EST INVISIBLE. Hebr xi. 27. ECCLESIE-REFORMATOR-GENEVYE, PASTOR-ET-TVTAM3ESM. GENEV. JVBIL. AN. 1835. Size 68. 6. Obverse. MICHAEL DE RVITER PROVINCIARVMG CONFEDERAT. BELGIC: ARCHITHALASSUS DVX ET EQVES. His bust. No reverse. Size 44. 7. FREDERICK WILLIAM. -)Obverse. His bust. FRIDERICUS WILII: REX BORUSS: PATER PATRI1E. No reverse. Size 26. 8. Obverse. FRIDERICUS II BORUSSORUM REX TERRIS DATUS D: XXIV IAN: MDCCXII. His head, crowned. Reverse. SIS BONUS O FELIXQUE TUIS. CARLO REDDITUS D: XVII AUGUSTI MDCCLXXXVI. A female kneeling by a pedestal and receiving light from heaven. Size 26. 9. VICTORY AT PLASSY.-Obverse. INJURIES ATTONED, PRIVILEGE AVGMENTED, TERRITORY ACQUIRED. A SOUBAH (viceroyship) GIVEN TO BENGAL. A device symbolic of the presentation of the office. Reverse. Britannia riding upon an elephant. VICTORY AT PLASSY, CLIVE, COMMAINDER. MDCCLVIII. Size 25. 10. Obverse. LEONARDVS VINCIVS FLORENTINVS. His bust. Reverse. SCRIBIT QVAM SVSCITAT ARTEM 1662. A wreath, beneath which is a device of a quill and baton, crossed. Size 34. 11. LoUIS XIII.-Obverse. His bust. LUDOVICUS XIII FR: ET NAV: REX. Reverse. OB GRATIAM DIV DESIDERATI REGII PARTUS. V. SEPT. ADCXXXVIII. A castle or church edifice. Size 47. 12. Obverse. LUDOVICUS MAGNUS REX CHRISTIANISSIMUS. His bust. Reverse. SOCIORVM DEFENSORI. PAX SEPTENTRIONIS MDCLXXIX. Three shields, with first, DE GERMANIS III VITRA RIIENUM PULSIS; secondl, DE IIISPANIS; third, DE BATAVIS. And on a pedestal, the A SUPPLEMENTAL LIST OF MEDALS. 145 inscription, OB SUECUM ET HOLSATUM ARMORUMI VIRTUTE AC FIDE EXIMIA IN INTEGRUM RESTITUTOS. Size 44. 13. Obverse. GUSTAVVS GVILELMVS S. R. I. LIB. BAR. AB IMHOFF GUB. GENER. IND. ORIENT. FCED. BELG. His bust. Reverse. CONSILIIS ATQVE ARMIS. ORDO EQVESTER REGNI SVECIL. The device representing a palace. Size 48. 14. Obverse. Heads of JOHN CALVIN, WILLIAM FAREL, PETER VIRET, and THEODORE DE BEZE. JVBIL. REFORMAT. RELIG. GENEV. TERT. SEC. CELEBR. AVG. D. XXIII AN. MIDCCCXXXV. A shield, with scroll attached, containing the motto, POST TENEBRAS LUX. Reverse. BIBLIA FIDEI ET RATIONI RESTITVTA. LIBER APERTVS EST QVI EST VITIE. Two females standing by an altar supporting the Bible, upon the open page of which are the words BIBLIA SACRA. Above the altar is the sacred dove. Size 39. 15. CORNELIUS AND JOHN DE WITT.- Obverse. Their busts. CORNELIUS DE WITT. NAT. A 1623. IOHANNES DE WITT. NAT. A. 1625. HIC ARMIIS MAXIMVS ILLE TOGA. Reverse. A curious group of various animals in the act of devouring two prostrate men. NUNC REDEUNT ANIMIS INGENTIA CONSULIS ACTA, ET FORMIDATI SCEPTRIS ORACLA MINISTRI. NOBILE PAR FRATRUM SEVO FVROR ORE TRVCIDAT XX AVGVSTI. In a scroll entwined with a wreath, MENS AGITAT MOLEM ET MAGNO SE CORPORE MISCET. Size 53. 16. NEW HAVEN, Connecticut.-The obverse represents New Haven (or Quinnipiack) as it was in 1638; and the reverse as it was in 1838. Obverse. THE DESERT SHALL REJOICE. Reverse. AND BLOSSOM AS THE ROSE. This was probably struck on the occasion of a centennial celebration in 1838. Size 33. 17. Medal of DON MIGUEL, of Portugal.-Obverse. IHis bust. DOM MIGUEL REGENTE DE PORTUGAL. Reverse. NASCEO EM3 LISBOA, EM 26 D'OUTUBRO DE 1802. NOMEADO REGENTE DE PORTUGAL, EM 3 DE JULHO DE 1827. Size 32. 18. MASONIC.- Obverse. OMNIBUS UNUS. A ram's head in a halo, 146 A SUPPLEMENTAL LIST OF MEDALS. encircled by a serpent. Reverse. AB ILLO LUX ET ROBUR. A temple, and two upright pillars, one bearing the letter J, the other B; various masonic emblems lie scattered about in front of the temple, while the sun, moon, and stars, and a Gloria Dei are seen in the space above. G. OR. F. Size 18. 19. GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS.- Obverse. Four crowns, with numeral Iv, and the royal cipher G.A. Reverse. FOR TAPPERHETTILL SJOS. Encircled by a wreath. Size 19. 20. Turkish Medal of the Mosque of Victory; built to commemorate the extermination of the Janizaries in 1836.-Obverse. The Mosque. Reverse. The Crescent. Size 18. 21. Turkish Medal, commemorative of the Capture of St. Jean D'Acre in 1840. —Obverse. A representation of St. Jean D'Acre.?Reverse. The Sultan's cipher, inclosed in a wreath of olive. Size 19. 22, 23, 24, 25. Russian Medals.-The inscriptions on the first are as follows: Obverse. DAT PRIEMIA. LAVDI. VNIVERSIT, MOSC. Reverse. AVSPICIIS AVGVSTISSIMAE CATHARINAE II OMNIVM RVSSIARVM IM3PERATRICIS ET AVTOCRATVRIS. DIE XXVIII IUNII ADCCLXXVI. The others are in the Russian language. Sizes 23, 18, 17, 17. 26. DANIEL WEBSTER.- Obverse. Bust of Webster. DANIEL WEBSTER. Reverse. A wreath, encircling a column sustaining a world; upon the base is inscribed, I STILL LIVE. (Webster's last words.) LIBERTY AND UNION NOW AND FOREVER, ONE AND INSEPARABLE. Size 48. 27. PENN'S TREATY.-Obverse. A representation of Penn's Treaty with the Indians. Reverse. A wreath of oak, with a bundle of arrows, bow, tomahawk, etc. Above are the words, UNBROKEN FAITH. PENN'S TREATY, 1682. Lovett's Series No. 1. Size 20. 28. Medal of Berne, Switzerland.- Obverse. Arms of Berne. RESPUBLICA BERNENSIS. Reverse. A garden with the sun shining upon it. INTUITU VEGETAT. ACCAD. CURATOR. Size 26. 29. Small School Medal of the City of Frankfort, Germany. A SUPPLEMENTAL LIST OF MEDALS. 147 Obverse. The eagle of Frankfort. s (ENATUS) P (OPULUS) Q (UE) F (RANKFORTENSIS.) (Senate and people of Frankfort.) Reverse. INCITAMENTUT DILIGENTIE. Inclosed in a wreath of olive. Size 14. 30. Coronation Medal of CHARLES III. of Spain.-Obverse. Bust of Charles. CAROLVS III D. G. HISPAN. REX. Reverse. The king seated upon his throne, with a bishop at either side. Proclaimed king, November 8, 1758; the inscription illegible. Size 22. 31. A Medal struck by the City of Hamburg and presented to Mr. Vincent Rumpif, for services as representative of the free cities, or Hanseatic towns, at Vienna, at Frankfort, at Paris, and in the United States. Presented to the United States by the Senate of Hamburg, through the Consul-General at that place. Original in gold; a limited number in copper. Obverse. The head of Hammonia; emblematical of the City of Hamburg. Reverse. A heavy oak wreath, with the words, IN DANKBARER ANERKENNUNG VIEL JAHRIGER WURDIGER VERTRETUNG SEINER VATERSTADT HERRN VINCENT RUIMPFF DER SENAT VON HAMBURG D. 10 FEBRUAR 1860. Size 32. 32. ABDUL MEDJID KHAN, Sultan of Turkey.- Obverse. His bust. ABDUL-MEDJID-KHAN EMPEREUR DES OTTOMANS. Reverse. A female figure bearing in one hand a rod surmounted with the Crescent, in the other a, wreath, and upon either side of her cannon and other warlike emblems. EUROPE ILS SONT MORTS POUR TOI SINOPE. 1853. Size 43. AFRICAN RINGS, CONTINENTAL AND COLONIAL CURRENCY, ETC. 1. An African ring, made of native gold, and worth $110. Rings of this kind are worn by the Africans on the wrist, the ankle, and not unfrequently in the nose, the ends being pressed together into the nostril, and the ring being allowed to hang pendant over the mouth. They are sometimes used as a species of bullion currency. In shape and form they resemble those taken from the ancient tombs in Britain and Ireland. 2. Four smaller African rings. One of them is a finger ring, and has upon it the signs of the zodiac; its intrinsic value is $7.50. 3. African trinkets, seven in number, curiously fashioned. They present the appearance of having been cast. 4. A specimen of African shell money. 5. A gold dollar found in a chicken's gizzard, by Captain Henry Little, U. S. A., at Camp Floyd, Utah Territory, February 29th, 1860. It has lost by attrition or chemical action 7'36 grains, or 281 per cent. Presented by Prof. Henry, of the Smithsonian Institution. 6. Bill for three pounds. Colonial currency of New Jersey. 7. One of the famous assignat8, or government notes, issued in the French Revolution, based upon the public lands. 100 FRANCSYEAR 3-OR A.D. 1795. On the left, in French, the announcement that The law punishes the counterfeiter with death. On the right, The nation repays him who denounces. These bills were issued to the amount of 36,000 millions of francs; they were never redeemed. (148) AFRICAN RINGS, CONTINENTAL CURRENCY, ETC. 149 8, 9. Chinese bank notes, one for five dollars, and the other for forty ounces of silver, or about fifty dollars. 10. Turkish Sahim; a hereditary treasury note for 5000 piastres, ($225,) with 10 per cent. interest. Payable in six years to the holder or his heirs; and to become void in default of lineal heirs. 11. Turkish Kameh, or treasury note, to circulate in the camp, also current in the capital; twenty piastres; about ninety cents. 1856. 12. Austrian bank note, 1834; ten gulden; about five dollars. 13. Bank note of Prussia; "one thaler;" equal to seventy cents. 14. Currency of Iowa, in hard times of 1857-8. 15. Schuylkill Bank note, 121 cents; issued during the period of the scarcity of silver, after the war, July 4th, 1815. 16. Borough of Wilmington note for five cents; issued August 1, 1815. 17. Half crown. Colonial paper of Pennsylvania, 1773. 18. Continental currency of 1778. Note for fifty dollars. 19. Province of Buenos Ayres, bill for one peso, (dollar;) issued January 1, 1844. Motto in Spanish. May the Argentine Confederation live; Death to the UInitarian savages. 20. One-dollar note; a curiosity for future times. The note is nearly worn out by circulation, although no such bank ever existed. Note.-We are indebted to L. J. Woolsey, Esq., of New York, for a number of the medals in this division. 20 THE CABINET OF MINERALS. THE CABINET OF MINERALS. THE Mineral Collections of the Mint are four in number: three of them being adapted to the illustration of metallurgy and its branches, and one consisting of large and unusual specimens. The three former, the mineralogical, geological, and technical collections, being designed for instructive inspection, are contained in cases in the Director's apartment. The last, consisting of a selection of more rare, beautiful, or curious specimens, is contained in the Cabinet Saloon, where it is open to the inspection of visitors to the Mint. The Mineralogical Cabinet embraces some seven hundred specimens of the simple mineral substances which either constitute rock-masses, or are distributed through them, or are contained in mineral veins. They are arranged in a scientific order, commencing with the elements, which are found on the surface of the earth in an elemeltary condition, and are but few in number, such as carbon, sulphur, and a few metals. The next group contains the mineralized metals, i.e. those metals vwhich are found in nature combined with sulphur or arsenic: among these are the most valuable ores of silver, lead, copper, and mercury. A third group comprises the oxidized metals, and among them we find most of the ores of iron, the most valuable of all the metals. Silex, quartz, or silicic acid being the chief agent employed by nature for combining with the numerous metallic oxides, we might expect to find it abundant on the globe and presenting a (153) 154 THE CABINET OF NMINERALS. variety of external forms. The collection exhibits this diversity in a marked degree, in the comparison of the colorless quartz crystal with purple amethyst, and with agates, jaspers, and carnelians of every possible hue and shade of color. In like manner, as silex forms compounds with most metallic oxides, and in various proportions, constituting so many different minerals, and as these compounds may again combine together into new compounds, we shall not be surprised at the large proportion which the silicates in the Cabinet bear to the whole number of minerals. Among them are many of the gems, the garnet, the topaz, the beryl, and the varieties of quartz itself, some of which are of great beauty and interest. The Geological Cabinet embraces specimens of rock-masses, with their accompanying and characteristic minerals and organic remains. It is arranged in chronological order, beginning with the lowest rocks in which organic life is not known to have been developed, and rising successively through the scale of being to the clays and sands of more recent periods of time, not yet hardened into slates and sandstones. The collection contains many specimens of the granite, gneiss, and other rocks, now extensively employed in building, and derived from different parts of the United States. The Technical Cabinet consists chiefly of metallic ores, and the various products to which they give rise when treated metallurgically in order to the extraction of the metals. Thus, lead ores being worked not merely to form good commercial lead, but also in order to extract the silver they contain, are subjected to a large series of processes of oxidation and reduction, all which are designed to be represented in the litharges, slags, metallic lead, etc. in the collection. The Select Collection in the Cabinet Saloon is arranged partly Mwith reference to the principal objects of the Mint, the precious THE CABINET OF MINERALS. 15 metals, and partly with reference to the size or interest of specimens. The Cabinet consists of the large central case containing the more interesting specimens, especially those of metallurgic value; and the two wings in which are placed the larger specimens and some duplicates. The uppermost shelf of the central case exhibits a few minerals of large size. One of these is an agate geode from Oberstein on the Rhine, (Germanyl) which, being cut in half, exhibits the curious structure of such geodes. They are globular cavities in the basaltic rocks of Oberstein, filled with quartz or silex of two different kinds, incasing each other like the coats of an onion. The outer shell is always uncrystallized quartz, (chalcedony, agate, etc.,) usually in parallel layers of different colors, and the inner shell consists of crystals of quartz, mostly purple amethyst, projecting into the hollow centre. The agates on the next lower shelf exhibit this general law of the structure of agate geodes, and it is from the solid portion of such geodes that our ornamental agates are generally obtained. The second shelf from the top, besides the agates alluded to, contains a fine slab of polished labradorite, exhibiting a rich opalescence of blue and yellow light; a large crystal of sulphate of barium or heavy spar, from Matlack, Derbyshire; several wavellites (phosphate of aluminum) found in iron ore in Chester County, Pennsylvania; a specimen of vivianite (phosphate of iron) from the green sand in Monmouth County, New Jersey. This last is supposed to be unequaled in size and beauty, and consists of stellar groups of vivianite crystals, the groups being over two inches in diameter, and the whole mass weighing several pounds. The third shelf from the top displays ores of the precious metals. To the left are specimens mostly from the United States, and many of them of much interest. One of the most interesting is a mass of gold from Virginia, weighing 251 ounces, of the 156 TIlTHE CABINET OF MINERALS. standard fineness of our coin-900 thousandths-and of the value of $460. One rounded piece or boulder from California exhibits the gold distributed in sheets and strings through quartz, and is valued at $353. Another piece from California, worth $323, presents tolerably well-formed and unusually large crystals of gold in the octahedral form. Several other smaller specimens from California exhibit a crystalline character. The other specimens of gold on this shelf are from the States of North Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Tennessee, and Oregon, and from the Territories of New Mexico, Kansas, (Pike's Peak,) and Utah. There are also specimens of gold from Australia and Canada, and from the Magdalena River in South America. In connection with the gold specimens is a glass model of the Dewey diamond, found on the border of Virginia and North Carolina. Its weight is twenty-four carats, and when cut its value has been roughly estimated at from $10,000 to $20,000. It has mainly an octahedral form with the usual rounded facets, displayThe amount of gold of domestic production received at the several minting establishments of the United States, up to the 30th of June, 1860, is as follows:California......... $469,406,003 84 North Carolina........ 9,099,797 70 Georgia..... 6,863,392 66 Virginia......... 1,547,420 12 South Carolina.... 1,282,609 23 Kansas......... 626,436 00 Alabama...... 197,420 07 Tennessee.... 81,406 75 Oregon...... 72,072 16 Utah.......... 4,680 00 Nebraska....... 1,402 01 Arizona...... 1,190 00 New Mexico..... 48,672 00 Other domestic sources (locality not stated).. 79,224 00 $489,311,726 54 THE CABINET OF MINERALS. 157 ing what crystallographers term faces of the trisoctahedron and hexoctahedron. A small specimen of flexible sandstone, called itacolumite, is placed near the model, and is remarkable for its frequently accompanying the diamond, as in Brazil, Hindostan, and Virginia. The connection which Nature has thus pointed out between these two bodies, or between gold and the diamond in locality, is at present beyond explanation. Along the ores of silver are several from Lake Superior, consisting of the pure metal; and several from Peru, either pure silver alone, or mixed with horn silver, (chloride and chlorobromide.) One mass from Lake Superior, worth l119, consists of ninety-five per cent. pure silver, and five per cent. earthy matter entangled in it. Another specimen exhibits pure silver and pure copper in contact, and yet analysis proves that neither of these metals contains a trace of the other. A most important geological inference is deducible from this fact, viz., that these metals, although occurring in or near igneous rocks, (rocks made by fire,) were certainly not subjected to a high heat, or otherwise they would have unresistingly alloyed together. Not least interesting among the silver specimens are the dollars and grape shot from San Pedro, a Spanish vessel wrecked in 1815. Nearly $100,000 have been recovered from the wreck by diving. A large portion of the iron has been dissolved out by sea-water from the shot, and in many cases more or less silver has been extracted from the dollars. The dollar pieces, however, often weigh more than they originally did, and are evidently thickened. A chemical examination shows that they have changed into chloride and sulphide of silver, the former arising from the salt in the sea-water, and the latter supposed to originate from the vicinity of gunpowder in the ship. In these cases they have scarcely lost any silver in weight. Of the other specimens in the same series, the most remarkable is a piece of the native alloy, iridosmine, from California, supposed 21 158 THE CABINET OF MINERALS. to be one of the largest ever found. Its weight is 1i ounce, and its specific gravity 16 76. It may be observed that the points of gold pens consist of minute specks of this alloy, which combines the qualities of extreme hardness, great toughness, and perfect resistance to atmospheric, and almost perfect to chemical agents. The fourth shelf contains ores of other metals which are employed directly or indirectly in coinage, such as those of copper, nickel, zinc, etc. Among these we draw attention to the mass of magnetic pyrites from the mines in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. It contains but three per cent. nickel, and yet this ore has been the source of nearly all the nickel employed in the manufacture of the present cent, since its issue in 1857. Up to August, 1860, the amounts used in making the cent have been about 108,000 pounds nickel, and 790,000 pounds Lake Superior copper. On the same shelf is a piece of spelter or metallic zinc obtained from ores near Bethlehem, Pennsylvania; and we believe that, after repeated failures in the United States in the difficult extraction of zinc from its ores, they are now operating successfully in the region named. Specimens of aluminum, in bar and sheet, are exhibited in the same connection, because very small weights of this metal are employed for assay purposes. If the cost of producing this metal should be reduced, which is highly probable, it will be worthy of consideration whether it should not be used for the manufacture of the lower denomination of our coin; in some respects it is well adapted to that purpose. The fifth shelf contains ores of lead and iron, some of the former of which are interesting; those of the latter more useful than interesting. Among the former is a crystal of galena from Wisconsin, of several pounds weight, representing a cube with its angles truncated. A good specimen of sulphate of lead from Phoenixville, Pennsylvania, on the Schuylkill River, is of interest THE CABINET OF MINERALS. 159 to the mineralogist, because this locality has supplied European cabinets with some of the finest crystals that have ever been found. In the wing cases, to the right and left of the central case, are mineral specimens of much interest. In the right hand case is a collection of specimens of lead ore from Davidson County, North Carolina, comprising large masses of beautifully crystallized whitelead, and one piece covered by rich green crystals of pyromorphite, (phosphate of lead.) In the left hand case are several minerals of interest. Among several stalactites of curious forms is a portion of one from Wier's Cave, Virginia, characterized by an unusual form of crystals of calcareous spar. In this and in the central case are fine specimens of the selenitic stalactites from the farther point of the Mammoth Cave, Kentucky, exhibiting in their curling fibres imitations of organized bodies, the flowers and tendrils of plants, etc. A large piece of amber and one of lignite are in the left hand case, both obtained in the deep cut of the Delaware and Chesapeake Canal, and therefore from the cretaceous formation. The size of pieces of wood found in the green sand of Delaware and New Jersey indicates the growth of large trees in the upper secondary period of the geologist, and the large masses of amber indicate a heavy flow of resinous matter from the trees. A long strip of silicified wood, in the same case, was obtained from a large log of more than a foot in diameter. ANCIENT POTTERY, AND VARIOUS CURIOSITIES. ONE division of the Mint Cabinet consists of articles which are not strictly appropriate to its main object, and most of them are not the property of the Government; being placed there for an indefinite term through the liberality of the owners, and subject to their recall. They are articles, however, which are rarely to be seen in this country, (where museums are too little in vogue,) and form a very attractive show, and even an imposing study, to minds capable of taking in the large cycles of days gone by, or the large scope of the nations of the earth. The collection is small, but well selected, and of much value. Seventy-one articles were placed here by the late J. G. MORRIS, Esq., of Philadelphia, a gentleman of rare taste and skill in antiquities, and are the property of his sister, Mrs. Dr. Pennock. They are the following:Two small Etruscan vases, with handles. Eleven Roman vases, five to ten inches high, various in shape and ornament, showing much taste in design, and some skill in manufacture; they were no doubt wine vessels. A patera or open dish. Sixteen small vessels, some of which were probably for table condiments, others for holding cosmetic oils for the toilet and the bath. Two of them, resembling small tea-pots, were for anointing the whole body with oil, immediately after a bath: considered a sanitary protection, in some sorts of weather. (Ion) ANCIENT POTTERY, AND VARIOUS CURIOSITIES. 161 Two larger and coarser oil vessels, for filling lamps. Two jars with handles and wide mouths, probably to hold bouquets of flowers. Two open vases, suited to serve up fruits. Fifteen hand lamps, of various sizes, but generally of the form known as the "antique lamp." Two of them are toy-lamps, very small, such as children amused themselves with; and when they died, were buried with them. Two lachrymatories; very small glass flasks; found in the tombs. They were held under the weeping eye, to catch the tears of mourners, then sealed up and deposited with the remains of the deceased. (An ancient custom, alluded to in the Psalms.) A lamp with seven burners; set over the street door in times of public illuminations. A small Egyptian vase, of brown earthenware. Three Egyptian idols, of green porcelain, small, with hieroglyphics. An Egyptian scarabceus, or sacred beetle, finely carved in slate, with hieroglyphics on the under side. An amulet or sacred gem of the Gnostics, a mystical sect which flourished in the eastern parts of the Roman Empire, in the second Christian century. It is engraved on both sides with cabalistic characters, and was used as a charm against fevers, etc. The drawings on the right and left are enlarged copies of the two sides. Six Peruvian drinking vessels, of black earthenware, coarsely made, but of very original and grotesque devices. Found in the tombs. A sacred book of the Hindus, in Sanscrit, written on long strips of bamboo, strung together. A vase made by American Indians; found near Salem, Massachusetts. 162 ANCIENT POTTERY, AND VARIOUS CURIOSITIES. Byzantine brass tablets, folding together, and called a "Byzantine prayer-book." It contains the image of Christ, with the Greek initials and finals, I C X C (the central figure;) on one side the Virgin, MP sr, " Mother of God," and on the two sides, seven apostles or saints. The style of art indicates the eleventh or twelfth century, the depth of the dark ages. Two volumes, beautifully written on parchment, and bound, with clasps; such as were in use before the invention of printing. They are both in Latin. One of them contains the Rules and Devotions of the Sisters of Santa Clara. The other is a Missal of the Roman Catholic Church. The place opened reads, "Kyrie eleyson, Christe eleyson, gloria in excelsis Deo, et in terra pax," etc. The ages of the foregoing articles of Mr. Morris's collection cannot be definitely stated. The Roman vessels are doubtless comprised within two or three centuries before and after Augustus COesar. The Etruscan vases date further back than any of these; and the Egyptian articles are still older, perhaps ascending to thirty centuries from our time. The Peruvian vessels are believed to be at least as old as the era of the Spanish invasion, and may belong to a remote antiquity. The Latin books are apparently of the thirteenth or fourteenth century. From the collection of R. W. DAVIDS, Esq., of Philadelphia.Two watches, of the original invention; made at Nuremberg, in Germany, about A.D. 1500. From their oval shape, they were jestingly called "Nuremberg eggs,"- (Nrnberger eier,) and were not put in the pocket, but carried by a chain or ribbon about the neck. There is no minute hand. The larger watch is still in running order. A catgut cord supplies the place of the modern chain, coiled around the spring-box. From J. R. SNOWDEN, Director of the Mint; specimens of Japanese manufacture, presented to him by the famous Embassy of 1860, at the close of the conferences on the subject of their ANCIENT POTTERY, AND VARIOUS CURIOSITIES. 163 coinage.-The articles are, three porcelain vases, various in size, rivaling the Sevres ware for lightness, and of beautiful shape and finish. A dress pattern of silk crape, of delicate texture, colored with two brilliant shades of scarlet on a white ground. From W. H. TALCOTT, ESQ., of Jersey City. —A massive slab or baked brick, fourteen inches square and four inches thick, on the front side of which are seven lines of cuneiform letters. The inscription has not been fully deciphered, but indicates that it is from the Mausoleum of Sardanapalus, which, according to the Greek geographers, stood at the entrance of Nineveh. The date is believed to be about 850 B.c. The brick weighs forty pounds. From W. E. DUBoIs.-Fragment of a clay cylinder, stamped with the arrow-head characters, from "Nimroud," (Nineveh,) being part of a historical record. Also an ancient Babylonian seal, of a very hard mineral, (titaniferous iron,) sp. gr. 4 6; a cylinder, with a hole through the axis, in which, when an impression was to be made, a copper rod was inserted, and the seal turned on the wax or clay. The carving consists of very rude figures; a king seated, and priests or officers standing; a goat and a sun and moon. This kind of seal is alluded to in Job, xxxviii. 14: "It is turned as clay to the seal." The practice of sealing up a door with clay is exemplified as late as the Crucifixion of Christ; see Matt. xxvii. 66. "The engraved cylinders form an important and interesting class of Assyrian antiquities.' (Layard.) Also deposited by the same; an old plaster effigy of Oliver Cromwell, from the original, taken immediately at his decease, and always in the possession of the family. This rare and interesting piece is from H. W. Field, Esq., of the Royal Mint, London, a descendant of the Protector. The descent of this 164 ANCIENT POTTERY, AND VARIOUS CURIOSITIES. fac-simile impression is recorded on a tablet pasted on the inner side. The two golden images, from the Chiriqui graves, in this case, are the property of the Mint. They are, a reptile and a bird, the former (by assay) worth $34.68, (817 fine,) the latter $7.75, (627 fine.) They show the state of art in Central America at a remote but unknown period. The discovery of these ancient graveyards in 1858 occasioned much excitement. FAC - SIMILE S of the AutograpEs of the Directors of the iMint of tle United States. I7956 /< INA 1805 1851 1835 55 I 1eri5e 5SceoseLLi..lu'Lf THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. THE apartment appropriated to the arrangement and exhibition of the coins, medals, minerals, and other objects of interest in the Mint, occupies the second story of the front part of the main building. It was originally three rooms communicating with each other by folding doors; but the partitions have been removed, and it is now a single apartment, sixteen feet wide and fifty-four feet long. The coins are arranged in cases, with glass coverings, some in the centre and others in the east and west ends of the room, and others in upright cases placed against the walls. The National and Miscellaneous Medals are arranged in the upright cases in the eastern part of the room. The Washington collection stands in the middle of the west end of the room, on the walls of which are placed, in suitable cases, the minerals and other objects of curiosity herein described. The central part of the room has a dome and skylight supported by four columns. The walls of this portion of the Cabinet are adorned with the portraits of the successive Directors of the Mint from its organization in 1792, to the year 1851. We think it appropriate to this work to present to our readers the following brief memoirs of these officers. 22 (165) 166 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. I. DAVID RITTENHOUSE, LL.D. The Mint was established by the act of Congress of the 2d of April, 1792. Among other provisions, it authorizes the appointment of a Director as its chief officer, who should direct and control its operations; have the management of its affairs; and the superintendence of the officers and persons employed therein. At the organization of this National Institution in July, 1792, President Washington appointed David Rittenhouse to this important office. The paternal ancestors of Mr. Rittenhouse were from Holland. Their first settlement in America was in the New Netherlands, in 1664; that province being at that period in the possession of the Dutch. But the great-grandfather, accompanied by his son, Nicholas, removed from New York to Germantown, in Pennsylvania, in 1690. They were thus among the first settlers in this State. In the neighborhood of Germantown, Mr. Rittenhouse established the first manufactory of paper ever erected in this country. The manufactory was continued by Nicholas, after the death of his father, and subsequently by Mathias, his son, the immediate ancestor of the subject of this notice. It is worthy of remark that the introduction of the manufacture of paper into America by the Rittenhouses, was about the same time that a similar manufacture was commenced in England. The people of the Netherlands were distinguished at the time the Rittenhouses emigrated to America for high attainments in the sciences, and especially in the useful arts. The business in which they had been engaged in Europe, and which they resumed in America, is a proof that they were not wanting either in education or ability. But talent is not always hereditary in families; and we THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 167 are often at a loss to account, by any circumstances of parentage, for the peculiar genius of individuals. The mother of Rittenhouse, whose maiden name was Elizabeth Williams, was a native of Wales. She is described as a woman of vigorous and comprehensive intellect, but deficient in education. If, says his biographer, Mr. Renwick, we are to seek in his genealogy for the cause of his distinction, it is rather to be found in the fact of his deriving his descent from two races of different origin. The effect of such a mixture is well illustrated in the character of the people of Great Britain; and the same causes have produced that peculiar activity of mind which mark our own countrymen, into whose veins blood derived from every nation of any intellectual eminence in the Old World, has been successively transfused. From such parents and of such lineage, David Rittenhouse derived his birth, which took place near Germantown, on the 8th of April, 1732. His desire for the acquisition of knowledge was very early exhibited; and without the aid of public instruction, he acquired the elements of learning. He subsequently manifested great inclination for mathematics and astronomy; mere abstract investigations did not, however, engross his whole attention. The tool-chest of an uncle, who also possessed a taste and capacity for scientific pursuits, supplied him with instruments for practice in the mechanic arts. Among his early labors was the construction of a clock. And to this art he subsequently, for several years, devoted himself as an occupation, abandoning that of a farmer, to which he had been originally intended. Pursuing his trade with assiduity, and continuing his investigations and experiments, he speedily acquired a reputation not only for the accuracy and the perfection of his workmanship, but for his knowledge as an astronomer and mathematician. This led to his employment by the Government, especially when, as it soon happened, there was a demand for astronomical knowledge for public purposes. On the question as to the boundary line 168 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. between Pennsylvania, Delaware, and Maryland, he was employed by the proprietary government, in 1763, to ascertain the point, near New Castle, where the line should commence; and to make other investigations with a view to the final establishment of the boundaries; which duty he performed in such a satisfactory manner that no change was subsequently made in the line which he then ascertained. This was part of the famous line afterwards marked and determined by Messrs. Mason and Dixon, the astronomers who were appointed and sent out for that purpose by the British Court of Chancery. Mr. Rittenhouse was subsequently employed in settling other territorial questions before, but chiefly after the close of the revolutionary war. The limits to which this memoir is necessarily confined will only permit a brief reference to these employments. In 1769, he was employed in settling the boundaries between New York and New Jersey. In 1779, he was appointed by the Legislature of Pennsylvania to adjust the dispute between that State and Virginia; and to his moderation, firmness, and ability, the satisfactory termination of that controversy is mainly ascribed. In 1784, he assisted in determining the western limits of Pennsylvania. In 1786, he was employed in fixing the northern line which divides Pennsylvania from New York. The last employment of this character in which he was engaged, was that assigned to him by the Congress of the Confederation in 1787, namely, to settle the dispute which had arisen between the States of Massachusetts and New York. The former contending that her territory, under her grant from the Crown of England, extended westward to the Pacific Ocean. She admitted that the conquest of the Dutch Colony, on the Hudson, by the English, had vested in the crown, and subsequently in the State of'New York, a right to the settled parts of the State, but contended that the whole of the territory west of the actual settlements reverted to the holders of the prior grant. After much discussion, THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 169 Massachusetts agreed to surrender the claim of sovereignty, and accept the right of soil in a portion of the territory. The fixing of the lines of this property was the work of Mr. Rittenhouse. "This last business, says Dr. Rush, in his eulogium, "was executed with his usual precision and integrity, and was a farewell peace-offering to the union and happiness of his country." During the period of these public employments, he was engaged in various scientific occupations and experiments. Numerous papers, chiefly on astronomical subjects, published in the first four volumes of the Transactions of the American Philosophical Society, attest his great ingenuity and ability, as well as his unwearied industry. His observation of the transit of Venus, in 1769, exhibited in a remarkable degree his great astronomical knowledge, and also his mechanical skill. From thenceforward he was justly regarded as one of the most skillful astronomers of the age. The degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by the University of Pennsylvania, in 1768, and also by the College of William and Mary, in Virginia, in 1784. In the year 1789, he received the degree of Doctor of Laws from the College of New Jersey. But his reputation was not confined to his native country; he was elected a member of the Royal Society of London, in 1795. He was an active member, and, in succession, Secretary, Vice-President, and President of the American Philosophical Society. In the last-named office he succeeded Franklin, in 1791, and was followed by Jefferson, in 1796. The latter speaking of him says: "Rittenhouse was second to no astronomer living. In genius he was the first, because self-taught. As an artist, he exhibited as great proof of mechanical genius as the world had ever produced." We come now more particularly to notice Mr. Rittenhouse in connection with his civil employments as a public officer. Previously to 1770, he resided on his farm at Norriton, in the County 170'rHE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. of Montgomery. In that year he was appointed one of the three commissioners of the Loan Office, and he took up his residence in the City of Philadelphia. As a mark of the estimation in which he was held, it is said, that on the motion to insert his name in the bill establishing the office, every member of the Assembly rose to vote in the affirmative. At this period the dispute between the Colonies and the mother country assumed a grave aspect. Mr. Rittenhouse took a decided part in favor of the former, and finding that peaceable means were unavailing, he favored the boldest measures of resistance. In 1775, he was chosen a member of the Assembly of Pennsylvania, to supply the vacant seat of Franklin, who had been elected a member of the General Congress. In the same year, at the commencement of hostilities, he was elected a member of the Convention called for the purpose of forming a Constitution. And when by that Convention the Provincial Government was intrusted for a brief period to a Committee of Public Safety, he was included in that number. On the adoption of the Constitution, in 1776, he, by the unanimous vote of the Assembly, was elected the Treasurer of the Commonwealth, which laborious, important, and responsible position he continued to fill, by annual elections, until 1789, when he declined a re-election. In 1777, in consequence of the occupation of Philadelphia by the British forces, the public offices were removed to Lancaster, and the Legislature being speedily convened, a Committee of Public Safety was again constituted, composed of twelve members, of whom Mr. Rittenhouse was one. It is to be recorded to the honor of this committee that, although clothed with extraordinary and unlimited powers, extending even to the infliction of capital punishment upon persons who were "inimical to the common cause of Liberty and the United States of America," yet no exercise of these powers appears to have been made, and no individual, how THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 171 ever obnoxious, suffered by their action, either in person or property. In 1789, he retired from his public employments, with the intention of devoting himself exclusively to scientific pursuits, and especially to his favorite science of astronomy. But he was not permitted long to remain in private life. As soon as he was detached from the service of the State of Pennsylvania, he was called to that of the General Government; at first as Commissioner to obtain subscriptions to the stock of the Bank of the United States, and soon afterwards to the office of Director of the Mint. He was appointed to this office by Washington soon after the law was passed to establish the Mint; he entered upon the discharge of the important duties assigned him, in July, 1792. At that time everything was to be done: a building had to be erected; machinery, implements, and apparatus procured; and skillful artists and mechanics employed. The Director applied himself to these arduous and complicated duties with his accustomed ability and skill. It was fortunate for the Government that he united great mechanical ingenuity to his other eminent qualifications. It was doubtless this happy union that induced President Washington to tender him the appointment. A lot of ground was immediately purchased in Seventh Street, near Arch, and preparations were made for erecting the requisite buildings. An old still-house, which stood on the lot, had first to be removed. In an account-book of that time, we find an entry made on the 31st July, 1792, of the sale of some old materials of the still-house for seven shillings and sixpence, which "' Mr. Rittenhouse directed should be laid out for punch in laying the foundation stone." Then follows: "This day, about 10 o'clock in the forenoon, the foundation stone was laid for the Mint, by David Rittenhouse, Esq." It appears that the Director personally attended to the erection of the building and its arrangement for business. We even find that he made some advances in money for the work, which were subsequently refunded to him. 172 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. When the building was finished, a great difficulty arose in procuring competent men, and the necessary materiel for carrying on its operation. With great care a sufficient number of the former were obtained in Philadelphia; but the coining presses and some of the implements and materials had to be procured from abroad, thus occasioning great inconvenience and delay. To show some of the difficulties under which he labored in this respect, we insert a part of a correspondence between the Secretary of State and Mr. Pinckney, then our Minister Plenipotentiary at London, on the subject of a supply of copper. Mr. Jefferson's letter to Mr. Pinckney is dated Philadelphia, December 30, 1792. He says: "A greater difficulty has been experienced in procuring copper for the Mint than was expected. Mr. Rittenhouse, the Director, having been advised that it might be had on advantageous terms from London, has written me a letter on the subject, a copy of which I inclose you, with the bill of exchange it covered. I should not have troubled you with them, had our resident in Holland been in place; but on account of his absence, I am obliged to ask the favor of you to take such measures as your situation will admit for procuring such a quantity of copper to be brought to us from Sweden, as this bill will enable you. It is presumed that the commercial situation of London with every part of Europe will furnish ready means of executing the commission." He adds, in a postscript: "Though I have mentioned Sweden as the most likely place to procure copper from, on the best terms, yet if you can be satisfied it may be procured on better terms elsewhere, it is left to your discretion to do so." The bill inclosed was drawn by the Treasurer of the United States on Messrs. W. & J. Willink, Nicholas and Jac. Vanstophurst, and Hubbard, of Amsterdam, for 24,750 current guilders, equal to 10,000 dollars. Mr. Pinckney replied from London under date of June 14, 1793, THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 173 as follows: 1I expect to be able to send the copper for the use of the Mint by the return of the George Barclay, a more advantageous offer having been made for a supply from hence than from any other place." On the twelfth of August, in the same year, Mr. Pinckney states: "A small remainder of the copper, I understand, is left still to be sent. I shall soon close the account." And again, on the 15th of August, 1793, he informs the department that he has forwarded a considerable part of the copper contracted for, and that by the next vessel, which will sail in a short time, he hopes to send the remainder. We give these details, because they present an example of the difficulties under which the Director of the Mint labored. Notwithstanding these embarrassments, the Mint commenced operation in 1793 by issuing a large amount of cents. In the autumn of the previous year (1792) a small amount of half dimes was issued, but they were not, it is believed, of the regular coinage as we have stated in an early part of this work, although they are referred to in the address of the President to Congress in that year. In 1794 the Mint was actively engaged in issuing both silver and copper coins, and in 1795 commenced the coinage of gold. We adopt the sentiment and language of Mr. Renwick, who, on this subject, says: "With these difficulties in his way, it is sufficient for the reputation of Rittenhouse to say that the Mint of his construction continued to be adequate, without any radical change, to all the wants of the country until a recent period. And it appears more than probable that, considering the depressed state of the arts in the United States, at that period, had he not possessed the united talents of a skilful mechanic and a learned natural philosopher, the nation must have been compelled to resort to Europe for a person qualified to erect and set in motion this important institution." In the early part of the year 1795, his health began sensibly to 23 174 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. decline, but he continued to discharge his official duties until June of that year, when he sent in his resignation to the President. It was accepted, we are informed, with great reluctance. After his retirement, his health continued to decline. He, however, was elected president of the "Denocratic Society" of Philadelphia, an association which was formed toward the close of the year 1795. He did not take an active part in its proceedings, although he often appeared before the public as its presiding officer. Vis health continued to decline, and being sensible of the near approach of death, he prepared to meet it with firmness and Christian resignation. He died on the 26th of June, 1796, in the sixty-fifth year of his age. We close this brief notice of the first Director of the Mint, with a quotation from the eloquent eulogium on his character, pronounced by Dr. Benjamin Rush, before the American Philosophical Society: "We are assembled this day upon a mournful occasion. Death has made an inroad upon our society. Our illustrious and beloved President is no more. Rittenhouse, the ingenious, the modest, and the wise; Rittenhouse, the friend of God and man, is now no more! For this, the temple of Science is hung in mourning; for this, our eyes now drop a tributary tear. Nor do we weep alone. The United States of America sympathize in our grief, for his name gave a splendor to the American character, and the friends of humanity in distant parts of the world unite with us in lamenting our common loss,-for he belonged to the whole human race." And again Dr. Rush says: " He died like a Christian, interested in the welfare of all around him, believing in the resurrection and the life to come, and hoping for happiness from every attribute of the Deity." The person of Mr. Rittenhouse is described as tall and slender. "His countenance," says Dr. Rush, "was striking and remarkable. It displayed a mixture of contemplation, benignity, and inno THE DIRECT.ORS OF THE MINT. 175 cence." In the capacity of a husband and father, he was exemplary and affectionate; as a neighbor, kind and charitable; and as a friend, sincere, ardent, and disinterested. The portrait of Mr. Rittenhouse in the Cabinet of the Mint is a copy from an original painting of Charles Wilson Peale, in the possession of the American Philosophical Society. II. HENRY WILLIAM DE SAUSSURE. The second Director of the Mint, Henry William De Saussure, was a native of South Carolina. He was decended from a noble foreign ancestry. The name was derived from the borough of Saussure, in the Duchy of Lorraine, in France, in which country his ancestry possessed the lordships of Demmartin and Monteuil and other seigniorial estates. Anthony De Saussure, his ancestor, embraced the reformed religion, on account of which, in 1551, he was obliged to abandon his country. He resided in Strasburg and Neufchatel, cities of Metz, where he was one of the chief instruments in the establishment of the reformed religion; he also resided in Geneva, and was on terms of intimacy and friendship with Calvin. A portion of his correspondence with the great reformer is, we are informed, preserved by his descendants in South Carolina. He finally placed himself under the protection of the States of Berne, and settled in the City of Lausanne. His descendants, who were numerous, were distinguished by the highest honors of their adopted country. Among these, was John Louis De Saussure, who was declared " noble and generous," by a decree of the States of Berne, and Professor De Saussure, the illustrious philosopher and naturalist, to whom science is so much indebted. Henry De Saussure, of Lausanne, the grandfather of the subject of this notice, emigrated to South Carolina in 1731, where he 176 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. became a planter. His sons, Daniel, Louis, and Thomas, the first the eldest, and the father of the Director, took an active part in the measures which led to the Revolution, and in the war which followed. The latter, on' the coast of South Carolina, at the head of his company, captured a transport of the enemy carrying troops and horses. He was taken prisoner at the capitulation of Charleston and put in close confinement at St. Augustine. Here he was detained until the general exchange of prisoners in 1781, when he, with other liberated prisoners, was transferred to Philadelphia. During his sojourn in this city, he received an appointment in the bank of Robert Morris. Upon the surrender of Cornwallis, he took up his residence at Charleston, where he filled many prominent positions, among which was the Presidency of the Branch Bank of the United States, and Speaker of the Senate of his State. He died in the year 1798. Henry William De Saussure, the subject of this memoir, was the only son of Daniel De Sauissure, above referred to. He was born on the 16th of August, 1763, at Pocotaligo, South Carolina; but removed in early life to the town of Beaufort, and subsequently to Charleston. At this place he was a pupil in a classical academy. When the State was invaded by the enemy in 1779, young De Saussure, though but sixteen years of age, enrolled himself in a volunteer company. After the city surrendered, he refused to take protection, and was sent to the prison-ships. Subsequently he was exchanged and sent in a cartel to Philadelphia, where he had the happiness to meet his father, who, as we have seen, had also been exchanged. In this city, by the direction of his father, he entered as a student-at-law in the office of Mr. Jared Ingersoll. He was admitted to the bar of Philadelphia in 1784. In 1785 he returned to Charleston and became a member of the bar of his own State. Here he acquired considerable distinction and eminence. In 1789 he was a member to form the Constitution of THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 177 South Carolina. In 1791 he was elected a member of the House of Representatives of his State. In 1795 Mr. De Saussure suffered from an attack of rheumatism, which endangered his life. Having spent the early part of the summer of that year at the Sweet Springs of Virginia, with great benefit to his health, he proceeded to New York. Here he received a communication from Edmund Randolph, then Secretary of State, inclosing a commission from President Washington, appointing him Director of the Mint. We learn from himself, says Judge Harper, in his memoir, that he waited on General Alexander Hamilton, and, showing him the commission, said: I know nothing of this matter, nor why this commission has been sent me; I am utterly unacquainted with the duties of the office." General Hamilton replied: "If the office will be convenient to you, accept it. You are a lawyer and a man of business, and can easily make yourself acquainted with its duties." He accepted the office, proceeded to Philadelphia and visited his predecessor, the venerable Rittenhouse. Applying himself to his official duties, with his usual conscientious assiduity, he soon became acquainted with their details. The head of Liberty on the dollar of 1795 was designed by Stuart, the celebrated portrait painter, at the request of the Director, as we learn from a relation of the family; Stuart facetiously remarking that Liberty on the other coins had run mad-referring to the disheveled hair on the head of Liberty on the previous coins-we will bind it up, and thus render her a steady matron. Finding his health re-established, and being anxious to return to Carolina and resume the practice of his profession, he tendered his resignation to President Washington, who accompanied his acceptance of it with a letter, expressing his approbation of his official conduct, and regret at his retirement from office. This interesting letter is, we learn, still preserved in the family. The 178 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. President consulted him with respect to his successor in office, and Elias Boudinot was appointed. Retiring to Charleston he devoted himself to his profession. From this period to the year 1808, Mr. De Saussure, while pursuing his profession with diligence and success, also filled several important public offices, chiefly of a legislative character. In 1808 he was elected one of the chancellors of the State. On being elected to this office, lie removed to Columbia, where he continued to reside for a period of twenty-nine years, and until a short time before his death. In 1816 and 1817 he published his Equity Reports in four volumes. In 1824, when a new organization of the court was made by which the number of chancellors was reduced from five to two, he was elected by the legislature to remain on the chancery bench. In 1835 he was elected the first President of the Society for the Advancement of Learning, then established at Columbia. The College of the State, which he had greatly contributed to found, was an object of his care and interest. In 1837, in consequence of declining health and advancing years, he resigned his office as chancellor. A few months after his resignation, his health appeared for a time to improve, so as to offer hopes of a life prolonged beyond the ordinary period. These appearances, however, were but transient; he soon sank again, and continued more and more to decline, until the 26th of March, 1839, when he expired. Judge O'Neall, in his " Bench and Bar of South Carolina," to whose work we are much indebted in the preparation of this article, says: "That it was fortunate for the State that he was elected a Judge of the Court of Equity; to him the system owes its shape, form, and existence. He was to South Carolina what Kent was to New York. Unwearied industry, combined with a thorough knowledge of law and equity, and a patience which never tired of hearing, and a politeness which made the merest THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 179 tyro feel he was in the presence of a friend, caused him to be admired and loved by every one who had the heart of a man." And Judge Harper, from whose "Memoir" we have largely extracted, speaking of his deathbed, says: "There was with him no affectation of stoicism; no undervaluing of life, which his own benignity had taught him to enjoy; but the religion which he had professed in life supported him in death; and he looked forward with the serene hope of a happy immortality. This auspicious closing of life was vouchsafed, by the peculiar favor of heaven, to a good and virtuous man." "Life's dutv done, as sinks the clay, Light from its load the spirit flies; While heaven and earth combine to say,'How blest the righteous when he dies!'" The portrait of Judge De Saussure, in the Cabinet, was painted by Mr. Samuel Dubois, from a daguerreotype taken from a family picture in the possession of his son, the Hon. W. F. De Saussure, of Columbia, South Carolina. III. ELIAS BOUDINOT, LL.D. The third Director of the Mint, Elias Boudinot, was born in Philadelphia, on the 2d day of May, 1740. Like his predecessor, he was of French extraction. His ancestors being Protestants, on the revocation of the Edict of Nantes were compelled to leave their native country. It is said that in ten years after that event, which took place in 1685, two hundred thousand French Protestants suffered martyrdom, and more than seven hundred thousand were driven from the kingdom. Many of these fugitives found a home in Holland, in various parts of Germany, and in 180 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. England; and large numbers of them took refuge in the American Colonies. And thus, while France was impoverished, this country was enriched with men of intellect, and enterprise, and of the highest moral worth. When the Colonies arose to assert their freedom and independence, the descendants of these conscientious and resolute men were uniformly found in the front ranks in favor of their adopted country. This was exemplified in the family of Boudinot, as it was in that of De Saussure, as we have already seen. No lengthened account of the ancestors of Mr. Boudinot is deemed necessary in the brief sketch which we herein present. The great-grandfather of Mr. Boudinot first took refuge in England, of which country he became a denizen by letters-patent from the crown, in 1686. He then took the name of Boudinot; it was originally Oudinot. The next year he came to America. The christian name of his ancestor was Elias, as was also that of his father. His mother, whose maiden name was Catharine Williams, was of Welsh descent. Young Boudinot received a classical education; and having decided upon the law for his profession, entered upon its study in the office, and under the direction of Richard Stockton, of New Jersey, one of the signers of the Declaration of Independence, and one of the most eminent statesmen our country has produced. Mr. Boudinot, about the time of his admission to the bar, married the sister of his distinguished preceptor. Entering upon the practice of his profession at Elizabethtown, New Jersey, he soon acquired a respectable position and a lucrative practice. He continued his professional career with distinction and success, until the difficulties between the British government and the Colonies interrupted the business of the courts. He advocated the cause of the Colonies with great zeal and ability, in the forum and with his pen; and when hostilities were actually commenced, he drew his sword in its support. He THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 181 was appointed Commlissary-General of Prisoners, by Congress, in 1776. This gave him the rank and pay of a colonel in the army of the Revolution. In the "Records of the Revolutionary War," published by W. T. R. Saffell, we notice a letter from Colonel Boudinot to Captain Alexander Graydon, of the Third Pennsylvania Regiment, dated at Camp Valley Forge, April 15, 1778, announcing Captain Graydon's exchange, in which he says: "I ought to have announced your exchange to you long ago, but my attention has been so taken up with the greater distress of our unhappy prisoners, that it slipped my memory, except putting it in general orders." The ";greater distress" referred to by Colonel Boudinot, is noticed in the Columbiad of Joel Barlow:"See the black prison-ship's expanding womb, Impested thousands, quick and dead, entomb." In a note, it is said: "Mr. Boudinot, who was the American Commissary of Prisoners at the time, has since informed the author of this poem, that in one prison-ship alone, called the Jersey, which was anchored near New York, eleven thousand American prisoners died in eighteen months; almost the whole of them from the barbarous treatment of being stifled in a crowded hold with infected air, and poisoned with unwholesome food." Colonel Boudinot served as Commissary-General of Prisoners until 1779, in which year he was elected a member of Congress, from New Jersey; which office he accepted, and consequently resigned his military appointment. He continued to serve as a member of that honorable body until the close of the war. In 1782, he had the distinguished honor of being elected President of Congress, and in that capacity signed the treaty of peace of 1783, with Great Britain, by which the freedom and independence of the United States s sacknowledged and secured. Having thus served his country during the most eventful period 24 182 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. of our history, and until peace was proclaimed, he resumed the practice of the law with his accustomed diligence and success. In 1789, when the Federal Constitution was adopted, and there was in all the States an anxiety to secure the services of men of ability and integrity to co-operate with and assist Washington in establishing and carrying on the Government, Mr. Boudinot was again elected a member of Congress; and he continued to occupy a seat in that body until he was appointed the Director of the Mint of the United States. This appointment was conferred on him by Washington, on the resignation of Mr. De Saussure, on the 28th of October, 1795. He immediately entered upon the duties of the office. His first labors appear to have been the preparation of a system of rules and regulations for the government of the Mint; and as an instance of his great industry as well as ability, we may state that these rules are dated a few days after he entered upon the office. They are entitled as follows: "Orders and Directions for conducting the Mint of the United States, Established by Elias Boudinot, Director of said Mint, November 2, 1795." It is a pamphlet of thirty-six pages, printed by John Fenno, No. 119 Chestnut Street. No doubt many of these rules, perhaps the greater portion of them, had been prescribed by his predecessors; but Mr. Boudinot, so far as we can learn, first prepared them in a regular and systematic form, and caused them to be printed for the use of the officers and other persons concerned in the business of the Mint. Some of these regulations have been incorporated into subsequent laws relating to the Mint, particularly the general Mint Law of 1837; others were only appropriate to the Mint organization of that period; but they all evince an intention to require a careful arrangement of the accounts of the Mint: and of its operations, and, as far as was practicable, to provide for the security of the bullion and treasure kept therein. At that time there was no Melter and Refiner; to supply this omission, the THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 183 Director prescribed that until such officer was appointed by the President, the Chief Coiner should have the charge of the operations of melting and refining. This was perhaps as well as could be done under the circumstances, but it would now be considered not very regular. Among the rules for the workmen is the following: "It is understood in future that all the workmen and laborers find themselves in diet, drink, and lodging." Before that time there was an item in the estimates of expenses for "rum," the workmen being allowed "fatigue rations;" and, indeed, on one occasion, an extra allowance of rum was made, on a day in August, on account of the extreme heat of the weather. In the summer and autumn of 1797, 1798, 1799, 1802, and 1803, the Mint was closed on account of the yellow fever. The order for closing it in 1798 is dated the twentieth of August, in which it is stated that " the Director having received an official certificate from Dr. Rush, the Treasurer of the Mint, that it is no longer safe for the officers and workmen of the Mint to remain at their usual occupations in the city, the Director thinks proper to order the several officers of the Mint to close their respective departments, and shut up the Mint without delay until further orders." The business of the Mint was not resumed until the twelfth of November, at which time, in the order for resuming operations, the Director says that the late dangerous epidemic has so far subsided that business may be again commenced with great safety. In 1797, the Mint was closed on the thirty-first of August; in 1802, on the twenty-fifth of the same month; and in 1803, on the twenty-sixth of October, in each case for a few weeks. In the year 1801, proposals were made to the Government to perform the operation of coinage by contract with individuals. The Director reported that "this proposition was wholly inadmissible and unpracticable; and that it was altogether against the policy of Government to suffer her coin to be made by persons not abso 184 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. lutely under her control and check, or who would employ persons in the execution of the work with whom the Governmnent had no connection." He adds that lit would be impossible to be executed without the Government kept all its principal officers, such as Director, Assayer, Melter and Refiner, and Chief Coiner; which would make it far more expensive than it is now." These views were so sound and unanswerable that the suggestion was not further pressed. It was about this time proposed to introduce steam power into the Mint, and the offer was made to supply a steam-engine at the cost of $6000; this the Director considered would be a practicable and useful improvement, if it could be accomplished at a reasonable rate; but he considered the price was too great, and hence it would unnecessarily increase the cost of coinage. Steam power was not introduced into the Mint until 1816; up to that time horses were used, four of which were generally employed. One of the orders issued by Mr. Boudinot was that no person " should presume to ride the horses on Sundays." Such an order it seems was not entirely uncalled for, as it appears in one of the documents of 1796, that as an excuse for riding one of the horses, it was said 1'that the horse had been some time under the farrier's hands, and the farrier recommended to the hostler that a trip in the country would be of service to the horse." There was also a dog attached to the Mint establishment, as would appear by one of the regulations, which was as follows: "The day watch shall, as soon as the workmen leave the Mint, carefully close and bolt all the doors and window shutters of the several apartments' and remain in the building' with the dog inside, till the night watch takes his place." During the- period of Mr. Boudinot's connection with the Mint he resided in the summner season at his country-seat, called Rosehill, situated three or four miles from the city; it is now on the Second Street Road; at that time it was only accessible by a long lane from THE DIRECTORS OF TIHE MINT. 185 the Frankford Road, crossing over Gunner's Run by a bridge. Mr. Boudinot generally rode out to this place soon after the close of the business of the day. On one occasion, however, he was detained until a late hour in the night, in consequence of a heavy storm of rain; he rode to his home on horseback, as was his custom, passing the bridge, as he supposed, as usual; but, to his surprise, the next morning, he discovered that the flooring of the bridge had been carried away by the storm, and his horse had passed over on a single log. Mr. Boudinot regarded his preservation from injury, and perhaps loss of life, as a special act of Providence; and it is interesting to note, that the horse which he rode on that occasion was always afterward an object of his regard, and, we are informed, he made a special provision by which he should be properly cared for. There are several versions- of this incident, but the above, we believe, may be relied on. Mr. Boudinot continued to discharge the duties of Director of the Mint with great fidelity and ability until the year 1805, when he resigned the office; and, retiring from all public employment, he took up his residence in Burlington, New Jersey. After his retirement from public stations, Mr. Boudinot usefully occupied himself in attending to his large estate, and in the study of biblical literature, to which he was always devoted. He found time, as he had also the most ample means, to dispense the most liberal and munificent charities, both of a public and private character. He states in his will, which is dated in 1821, that he had made ";for more than sixty years a profession of faith in the Christian religion, which by the free grace of God, through Jesus Christ, and by the continued influences of his Holy Spirit, has been strengthened and confirmed by the most happy experience founded on solid grounds, and by a thorough examination and inquiry into the Divine Scriptures through that long period." As was his faith, so was his life. He devoted himself to the cause of 186 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. Christianity, and to the promotion of the happiness of mankind. He took a deep interest in the cause of education, and the alleviation of the necessities of the poor. We can only enumerate a few of the public trusts held by Mr. Boudinot, and notice some of his munificent donations and bequests. In 1772, he was elected a Trustee of the College of New Jersey, and in 1805, founded, in it, a Cabinet of Natural History, at the cost of three thousand dollars. In 1811, he was appointed by the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, of which he was a member, one of the Standing Committee of Missions. In 1812, he was elected a member of the American Board of Foreign Missions, to which he presented a donation of five hundred dollars. He was one of the founders of the American Bible Society, and gave it the liberal donation of ten thousand dollars. He was the first President of that Society, being elected in 1816, and continued to be its presiding. officer until the end of his life. Mr.Boudinot departed this life on the 24th day of October, 1821, in the eighty-second year of his age. His long and useful career was closed in calmness and serenity. He knew in whom he had believed; and, as his end approached, in the full possession of his mental faculties, he declared his readiness to depart and be with his Saviour, his last words being "Lord Jesus, receive my spirit." Mr. Boudinot left but one child, a daughter, the widow of the Honorable William Bradford, who died in 1794; a distinguished lawyer of Pennsylvania, and the Attorney-General of the State; subsequently a Judge of Supreme Court of Pennsylvania, and afterwards Attorney-General of the United States, by the appointment of Washington. Mr. Boudinot made suitable provisions for this daughter, and other relatives, his wife having died in 1808. A copy of his will is now before us. From it we learn that he bequeathed the great part of his large property to various religious, THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 187 literary, and benevolent objects. Five thousand dollars were left to the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church; four thousand and eighty acres of land for theological students, at Princeton; four thousand acres to the College of New Jersey, for the establishment of fellowships; four thousand acres to the Society for the amelioration of the condition of the Jews; three thousand two hundred and seventy acres to the Pennsylvania Hospital; thirteen thousand acres to the City of Philadelphia for supplying the poor with wood on low terms. To the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church, in trust, for the uses stated in his will, three houses and lots in Eleventh Street, near Locust, Philadelphia. Two hundred dollars to ten poor widows of Burlington, to be determined by his daughter, Mrs. Bradford. To the New Jersey Bible Society, two hundred dollars to buy spectacles for old people, "it being in vain," he adds, "to give the Bible to those who have not the means of reading it." Also numerous other bequests for objects of a similar character. Among other bequests to his nephew, Elias E. Boudinot, is the following: "My small original profile of his late Excellency Lieutenant-General Washington, formerly President of the United States, being one of the last for which he sat, at my particular request, and, in my opinion, the best profile likeness ever taken of him." This bequest attracted the special attention of the writer; but, we regret to state, on inquiring of the legatee, Judge Boudinot, now a resident of this city, this likeness of Washington cannot be found. It is believed to have been taken away after the death of Mr. Boudinot, with other valuables, by a dishonest domestic. It never came into the possession of the legatee. Mr. Boudinot was a ready and fluent writer. He was the author of several publications. Those that have come under our observation are as follows: 1. "The Age of Revelation, or The Age of Reason an Age of Infidelity;" this was published in 1790. 188 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 2.;"The Life of the Rev. William Tennent." 3. "An Oration before the Society of the Cincinnati," in 1793. 4. "'The Second Advent of the Messiah," in 1815. 5. "A Star in ihe West, etc.," in 1816. In this last-named publication he endeavors to prove that the American Indians are the lost Tribes of Israel. An excellent portrait of Mr. Boudinot was painted by Waldo and Jewett. In the Cabinet of the Mint is a faithful copy from it, presented by his nephew, lion. Elias E. Boudinot, of Philadelphia. IV. ROBERT PATTERSON, LL.D. Robert Patterson, LL.D., the fourth Director of the Mint, was born in the Province of Ulster, Ireland, May 30, 1743. Although his opportunities for education were very limited, he was enabled, principally by his energies, to acquire a solid foundation of learning, especially in mathematics and physical science. He emigrated to America in 1768, where he found employment as a teacher. He was engaged in that capacity, as Principal of the Academy at Wilmnington, Delaware, when the war of the Revolution broke out. Mr. Patterson, while a mere youth, had acquired some knowledge of the military art while acting as a volunteer for the defence of Ireland against a threatened French invasion. Ardently devoted to the cause of the Colonies, he now tendered his services as a military instructor, and afterwards entered the revolutionary army, where he acted in the various capacities of Adjutant, Assistant Surgeon, and Brigade Major. He continued in the service until after the evacuation of Philadelphia and New Jersey. In 1779, he was elected Professor of Mathematics in the University of Pennsylvania, which position he occupied until the year 1814. "Arduous as were his duties in the university," (we quote from a memoir by Chief Justice Tilghman,) L"he found time for other useful erm THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 189 ployments. Being highly esteemed by his fellow-citizens, he was elected a member of the Select Council of Philadelphia, of which he was chosen President in 1799. In the year 1805, he received from President Jefferson, with whom he had been in habits of friendship, the appointment of Director of the Mint. This office he filled with great reputation until his last illness, when he resigned." He died soon after, in Philadelphia, on the 22d of July, 1824, in his eighty-second year. Mr. Patterson occupied a high position in his adopted country, and was on terms of intimacy and correspondence with many of its leading men in learning and science. He took an active part in the proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, of which he finally became President, and communicated several scientific papers to its transactions. He was the author of a Treatise on Arithmetic, and edited several works on science. In manners, Mr. Patterson was dignified, but affable. In politics he belonged to the school of Jefferson. His religious convictions were sincere, and bore fruit in his daily life. He was long an Elder in the Presbyterian Church. In his bodily frame, he was of middling height, strongly built, and of a venerable and dignified appearance. The portrait of him in the Mint Cabinet is copied from the excellent original by Rembrandt Peale. V. SAMUEL MOORE, M.D. Dr. Samuel Moore was born at Deerfield, Cumberland County, New Jersey, on the 8th of February, 1774. His father was an officer of artillery in the revolutionary army, took part in the battle of Brandywine, and was wounded in the battle of Germantown. Dr. Moore was a graduate of the University of Pennsylvania, 25 190 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. (1791,) and was afterwards a tutor in that institution. He subsequently studied medicine, and practiced a short time in Bucks County, Pennsylvania. The state of his health obliged him to abandon the profession and enter into the East India trade; making several voyages to Canton and Calcutta. In 1808 he again settled in Bucks County, and in 1818 was elected to Congress from that district. He was twice re-elected. In July, 1824, he was appointed by President Monroe Director of the Mint. A prominent incilent of his term of service in this capacity, was the transfer of the Mint from the old and contracted building in Seventh Street to the spacious and elegant marble edifice in Chestnut Street, for which, chiefly by his own influence and exertions, the necessary appropriations were obtained; and which was begun and completed under his immediate superintendence. The corner-stone was laid by him, July 4, 1829, and the building began to be occupied in May, 1833. In May, 1835, he resigned the office, the resignation to take effect on the first of July. He had thus filled this responsible place for eleven years, under the administrations of Monroe, Adams, and Jackson. Subsequently he engaged in mining enterprises, and for many years past has been President of the Hazleton Coal Company. In his eighty-seventh year he continues to be actively engaged in the duties of that position. The portrait of Dr. Moore, in the Cabinet of the Mint, was painted, from life, by Mr. Samuel Dubois. THE I)RECTORS OF'THE MINT. 191 VI. ROBERT MASKELL PATTERSON, M.D. Robert Maskell Patterson, M.D., the sixth Director of the Mint, was born in Philadelphia, March 23, 1787. His father was Professor Robert Patterson previously noticed. Dr. Patterson was an inmate of the University almost from his cradle. He received his first lesson in its preparatory school, and passing upward through the several collegiate courses, he graduated as a Bachelor of Arts in 1804, and as a Doctor of Medicine a few years later. In the year 1809 he visited Europe, and there pursued his studies both in medicine and in the physical and natural sciences. He resided two years in Paris, then in the zenith of its fame, in science as well as in political power. In 1811 he visited London, and completed his education as a chemist under Sir Humphrey Davy. He returned to the United States in the following year. His reputation had preceded him. In a few months after his arrival he found himself Professor in the University of Pennsylvania, and in 1814 its Vice-Provost. He. filled the chairs of Natural Philosophy, Chemistry, and Mathematics in this institution until 1828, when he was persuaded to transfer his usefulness and fame to the University of Virginia. He retained this position for several years, adding greatly to his reputation. Mr. Madison and the other distinguished men who were associated with him in the -Board of Visitors, gave Dr. Patterson their unreserved confidence, and cherished for him the most intimate relations of personal regard. But his affections looked back upon his native city, and, in 1835 on the resignation of Dr. Moore, he accepted the appointment of Director of the Mint. In this station he continued until declining health admonished him to seek relief from the toils of office. He resigned the Directorship in July, 1851. He died in this city, September 5, 1854, in his sixty-eighth year. 192 THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. Dr. Patterson was elected a member of the American Philosophical Society, in 1809, at the age of twenty-two, the youngest man ever admitted. In its proceedings he ever took an active and leading part. In 1843 he delivered the discourse at its centennial celebration. In 1849 he was elected its President. Dr. Patterson's reputation was gained as a lecturer on science, for which his education and fullness of learning eminently qualified him. Judge Kane, in his notice of him read before the American Philosophical Society, has on this point recorded the following opinion: L His lectures," says he, "were models. They traced for you the ripple marks of bygone theories; but he belonged himself to the era of progress, and he taught the science of the day in all its freshness. It was thorough teaching too, addressed to the mind as well as to the eye. His experiments were refined and certain; not too numerous, and without anything of the showman's display. He had the faculty, so rare and desirable, of feeling whether he was understood-to speak more truly, of knowing that he was so." In the different organizations, scientific, artistic, and religious, that make up for Philadelphia her proudest characteristics, the subject of this notice was a leading man. In private life he was greatly beloved; a true gentleman, gentle in manners, and in expressing his opinions. The period of Dr. Patterson's term of office was one of great interest in the history of the Mint. The general Mint law of January 18, 1837, by which the previous laws and regulations were simplified and arranged, and several modifications of a highly useful character introduced, was prepared by him. The standard of nine-tenths fine, which had been adopted in France and some other countries, was fixed by this law as the standard of the coins of the United States. The Branch Mints at New Orleans, Dahlonega, and Charlotte, were established by the act of Congress of March 3d, 1835, and while Dr. Moore was Director; but the THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 193 organization of them devolved upon his successor, Dr. Patterson. It was during the latter part of his tenure of office that the mines of California were discovered, and poured into the Mints their enormous production of gold. On his retirement from office, the medal described on page 114 of this work was struck as a testimonial of the respect entertained for him by the officers of the Mint. The portrait of Dr. Patterson, in the Cabinet, though taken under disadvantageous circumstances, gives a good idea of his personal appearance. The portraits of the subsequent presiding officers of the Mint have not been placed in the Cabinet; and, as our purpose is only to notice the various objects of interest in the Cabinet, our sketch of the Directors here closes. We note, however, the tenure of office of the succeeding Directors. VII. DR GEORGE N. ECKERT. From July 1st, 1851, to the 4th of April, 1853, when he resigned. VIII. THOMAS 1M. PETTIT. Was appointed on the 4th of April, 1853, to fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of Dr. Eckert; but he had scarcely entered upon his official duties, when his useful and honorable career was closed by death. He died on the 30th of May, 1853, in the fifty-sixth year of his age. 194t'I-THE DIRECTORS OF TrIE MINT. IX. JAMES ROSS SNOWDEN. When the office of Director became vacant by the death of Judge Pettit, the present incumbent was appointed. He entered upon the duties of the office on the 4th day of June, 1853. ADAM ECKFELDT. Although Mr. Eckfeldt was not a presiding officer of the Mint, his portrait finds an appropriate place in the Cabinet, on account of the unexampled duration of his continuance in the Mint, extending to nearly half a century. There is also a propriety in this compliment, from the fact that his collection of coins, American and Foreign, formed the basis and beginning of the Mint collection; we, therefore, present the following notice of him. Mr. Eckfeldt was born in the City of Philadelphia on the 15th of June, 1769; and that city was his residence during the whole of his life. As an apprentice to his father, who had a large smithery, (and was celebrated for the manufacture of sickles and trowels, the best of that day,) he was trained to all kinds of iron work, and had a particular aptitude for machinery. Very soon after coming of age, he started in business for himself; and at almost the beginning of the Mint establishment in 1792 or 1793, was engaged in constructing machines and implements for it. His official connection as Assistant Coiner began January 1st, 1796, by appointment of Director Boudinot, with the consent of President Wash THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 195 ington. He frequently met with the latter, in his visits to the Mint, which was, as we have seen in other portions of this work, with him a favorite institution. In 1814, upon the death of the Chief Coiner, Mr. Henry Voigt, Mr. Eckfeldt was appointed to that position, in which he continued until his resignation in 1839. He continued to visit the Mint daily, for some years after, and take part as an amateur. Without being robust, he possessed a good physical constitution, and his life was protracted to a good old age. He died on the 6th of February, 1852, in the eighty-third year of his age. Directly after his resignation, very emphatic and enduring testimonials of regard were presented from his fellow officers, and from the Secretary of the Treasury. In addition to these, the President of the United States, Mr. Van Buren, in a private letter, said: " I beg you to accept my warmest wishes for your future welfare and happiness, to which no one has a better claim than yourself, founded on a long and faithful service as an officer, and honesty and worth as a man." In the brief space allowed, it can only be said, that he was a man of large information on many subjects; possessed an inventive genius, which enabled him to introduce some excellent improvements in minting processes; was singularly industrious and energetic; and for his social qualities and uprightness was universally respected, and indeed beloved, by the officers associated with him, and the extended circle of his acquaintance. He had a particular taste for farm and garden culture, and was warmly interested in the church of which he was a member. The portrait of Mr. Eckfeldt, in the Cabinet, was painted by Mr. Samuel Dubois, from life. It was taken a few years before his death; and is a good likeness of this venerable citizen and faithful public officer. LIST OF OFFICERS Serving at the Mint of the United States at Philadelphia, since the 14th of April, 1792, with the dates of their respective appointments. DIRECTORS. NAMES. DATES OF APPOINTMENT. DAVID RITTENHOUSE................................April 14, 1792. HENRY WILLIAM DE SAUSSURE:................. uly 8, 1795. ELIAS BOUDINOT............................................October 28, 1795. ROBERT PATTERSON......................................Janary 17, 1806. SAMUEL MOORE............................................July 15, 1824. ROBERT M. PATTERSON..................................May 26, 1835. GEORG(E N. ECKErT........................................June 30, 1851. THOMAS M. PETTIT......................................April 4, 1853. JAIES Ross SNOWDEN.................................... June 3, 1853. TREASURlERS. TRISTAM DALTON...............................May 4, 1792. NICHOLAS WAY...a......................................May 20, 1794. BENJAMIN RUSHt................... O.....................November 27, 1-797. JAMES RUSH.............................................A pril 27, 1813. WILLIAM FINDLAY................................. September 13, 1830. JOSEPH R.ITNER............................................pril 12, 1841. ISAAC ROACH...................................September 13, 1841. JAM1ES Ross SNOWDEN....................................March 24, 1847. EDWARD C. DALE................................November 1, 1850. DANIEL STURGEON................................... April 4, 153. JAAMES HI. WALrTON........................T.... J11e 14, 1.858. ASSAYERS. ALBION Cox...............................................April 4, 1794. JOSEPH RICHARDSON.....................................December 12, 1795. JOHN RICHARDSON........................................March 31, 1831. JACOB R. ECKFrL T.April.0................pril 0, 1832. ~,N,,~IT, 3 ) 198 LIST OF OFFICERS. CHIEF COINERS. NAMES. DATES OF APPOINTMENT. HENRY VOIGT............................................ January 29, 1793. ADAM ECKFELDT..........................................February 15, 1814. FRANKLIN PEALE.......................................... arch 27, 1839. GEORGE K. CXILDS....................................... December 1, 1854. MELTERS AND REFINERS. JAMES CLOUD..........................................January 2, 1797. FRANKLIN PEALE......................................... January 5, 1836. JONAS R. MCCLINTOCK............................... February 19, 1840. RICHARD S. MCCULTLOH............................... April 1, 1846. JAMES C. BOOTH.......................................... October 27, 1849. ENGRAVERS. ROBERT SCOTT.............................................November 23, 1793. WILLIAM KNEAS...........................................January 29, 1824. CHRISTIAN GOBRECHTI..D.............................. ecemlber 21, 1840. JAMES B. LONGACRE.............................. September 16, 1844. INDEX. DEIICATION, 3. PLATE VII. PREFACE, 5. 15 The Presidency Relinquished, 33. NOTE, 8. 16 George Washington, Esq., 34. CONTENTS, 9. 17 The Peace Medal, 34. W18 The Metropolitan Mechanics' Institute, 34. Washington Medals. INTRODUCTION, 13. PLATE VIII. The Bust of Washington, 20. 19 Georgius Washington. Series NumismaThe size of the Medals, 28. tica, 34. Description of Medals, 29. 20 Georgius Washington. Series Numisnatica, 35. FRONTISPIECE OR PLATE 1. tica 5. 21 Resigned the Presidency, 1796, 35. 1 WT7ashingtoln annd Independence, 29. 22 Medallion at three-quarter face, 35. PLATE II. 23 Medallion from Stuart's portrait, 35. B and C. Two reverses of No. 1, 29. PLATE IX. PLATE III. 24 President of the United States, 1789, 35. 25 Signature Medal, 35. 2 Large Medallion of Washington in citizen's 26 ge me Mdal, 35 26 The Fame Medal, 35.' ~ ~2dress, 30. 27 Octagon Medal in an oval compartment, 36. PLATE IV. 28 Breast-plate, Washington Grays, 36. 3 Washington before Boston, 30. 29 Unfinished medal, by C. C. Wright, 36. 4 Washington the Soldier and Sage, by Voltaire, 31. PLAT X. 5 Washington the Hero of Freedom, 31. 30 Time increases his fame, 36. 6 Washington Temperance Society, 31. 31 Lancaster County Medal, 36. 32 The way to honor, 36. PLATE V. 33 Washington, by C. C. Wright, 37. 7 The Eccleston or Lancaster Medal, 31. 34 The Union Medalet, 37. 8 General of the American Armies, 32. 35 Bust of Washington in citizen's dress, 37. 9 George Washington, 32. 10 Calendar Medal, with two reverses, 32. P T I 36 Washington Silver Penny, 1792, 37. PLATE VI. 37 Washington Cent, 1792, 37. 11 The Presidents, 32. 38 Liverpool Half Penny, 38. 12 Washington, Kosciusko, and Lafayette, 33. 39 Half Cent, 1793, 38. 13 General George Washington, 33. 40 Liberty and Security, 1795, 38. 14 Medallion. General Washington, 33. 41 London Half Penny, 1795, 38. (199) 200 INDEX. 42 Cent of 1792. Head of Washington, lau- Description of eedals not Engraved. reated, 38. reated, 38. 76 Second reverse of No. 17. (PLATE VII.) The 43 Washington Silver Dollar, 1796, 38., 4,^~, ~~beatver and the oak, 47. PLATE XII. 77 Second Presidency of Washington. A 44 Washington and Independence, 1783, 39. shepherd, 47. 45 Washington Cent, 1791. Large eagle, 39. 8 Second Presidency of Washington. A far46 A variety of No. 44, 39. mer, 47. 47 Unity States of America, 39. 79 Second Presidency of Washington. Domestic 48 Washington Cent, 1791. Small eagle, 39. life, 47. 49 Washington Cent, 1792. (Circulet of thir- 80 Third reverse of No. 6, (PLATE IV.) Meteen stars,) 40. chanics' Literary Association, Roches50 Double-headed Washington Cent, 40. ter, 47. 51 The Tpriumph of!George, 40. 81 Funeral Medalet. The world in tears, 47..52 Tshe Tinmon P res,, 40. -52 2Washington President, 1792, 40. 82 Second reverse of No. 81. Skull and crossbones, 48. PLATE XIII. 83 First Presidency of Washington, 48. 53 The eight Presidents, 41. 84 Historical Token. Mount Vernon, 48. 54 Washington Benevolent Society, 41. 85 Historical Token. Hasbrook House, 48. 55 Washington and Mount Vernon, 41. 86 Historical Token. Richmond Hill house, 48. 56 Washington, the First President, by Lov- 87 Historical Token. Head-quarters at Tapett, 4L. pan, 49. PLATIE XIV. f88 Historical Token. Head-quarters at Valley 57 Washington and the Fountain of Temper- Forge, 49. ance, 42. 89 Washington's Death, 49. 58 New York Medalet, by Davis, 42. 90 A bust of Washington, 49. 59 A Memorial of the Washington Cabinet, 42. 91 A small bust of Washington, 49. 60 Born 1732, Died 1799, 42. 92'Temperance Medalet, 49. 61 Washington and Webster, 42. 93 Success to the United States, 49. 62 George Washington, and Mount Vernon in 94 Small Temperance Medalet, 49. 1796, by A. Demarest, 42. 95 Childless that the nation might call him PLATE XV. father, 49. 96 Death of Washington. Reverse. Same as 63 Washington Monument Medal, 43. No. 21, (PLATE VIII) 50 64 Centennial Medal, 1832, 43. 97 eadofWashington,50. 65 Washington and Lafayette Medalet, 43. 98 Be a 98 Bust of George W~ashington, 50. 66 The Siege of Boston, 43. 6 99 Same obverse as No. 66, (PLATE XV.) Re67 North Point and Fort McHenry, 44.o verse. Pro patria, 50. 68 North WVales Half Pennya, 44.. 68 North Wales Half Penny, 44. 100 Washington in a Roman mantle, 50. 69 Liberty and Security, (without date,) 44. Z7 ) -,, 69 Liberty a, ( t d ) 101 North Wales; a variety of No. 68, (PLATE PLATE XVI.' XV.) 50. 70 The " Manly" Medal, 44, 45. 102 Washington and Jackson. Card of Wolfe, 71 The Tomb of Washington, 46. Spies & Clark, 50. 72 The Masonic Medal, 46. 103 A variety of No. 102, 50. 73 A Bust of Washingtonl, 46. 104 Head of Washington. Card of Key & 74 The Great D. G. Washington, 46. Sons, 50. 105 Equestrian Washington. Card of Bale & PLATE XVII. Smith, 50, 51. 75 The Cabinet Medal, by Paquet, (Commemo- 106 A variety of No. 105, 51. rative of the completion of the Mint Cabi- 107 Small head of Washington. Card of net of Washington Medals,) 46. Wright & Bale, 51. INDEX. 201 t08 Bust of Washington Card of Edward 3 General Wayne, for Stony Point, 64. Cogan, 51. 4 Captain Stewart, for same, 64. 109 Washington Cent, 1792. Card of William 5 Colonel Fleury, for same, 65. Idler, 51. 6 Major Henry Lee, for Paulus Hook, 65. 110 George Washington. Card of A. B. Sage 7 Paulding, Williams, and Van Wert. Cap& Co., 51. ture of Major Andre, 66. 111 Washington. Card of M. A. Abrahams, 51. 8 General Morgan, for Cowpens, 67. 112 Washington and Head of Liberty, 51. 9 Colonel Howard, for same, 67. 113 Washington and American eagle, 51. 10 Colonel Washington, for same, 68. 114 Washington in unitate fortitudo, 52. 11 Major-General Greene, for Eutaw Springs, 68 115 Washington. Compos spiel miinze, 52. 12 Colonel Croghan, for Fort Stephenson, 69. 116 Washington and American eagle with 13 General Harrison, for the Thames, 69. shield, 52. 14 Governor Shelby, for the same, 70. 117 Washington. Sp. marke and ten stars, 52. 15 General Scott, for Chippewa and Niagara, 118 Washington and the Capitol, 52. (PLATE XVIII.) 70. 119 Washington, Composits spiel marke, 52. 16 General Gaines, for Fort Erie, 71. 120 Small Medallion from Stuart, 52. 17 General Porter, for Chippewa, Niagara, and 121 Small Oval Medallion, 52. Erie, 71. 122 Washington Oration, by Everett, 52. 18 General Brown, for the same, 72. 123 Washington and bust of Everett, 52. 19 General Miller, for the same, 72. 124 Washington, Virtue, Liberty, and Inde- 20 General Ripley, for the same, 73. pendence, 52. 21 General Macomb, for Plattsburg, 73. 125 Washington and Tomb. Resurgimus, 53. 22 General Jackson, for New Orleans, (PATE 126 Washington and bust of Franklin, 53. XXX.) 74. 127 Washington and a rattlesnake, 53. 23 General Taylor, for Palo Alto and Resaca 128 Washington and Franklin. Par Nobile de la Palma, 75. Fratrum, 53. 24 General Taylor, for Monterey, 75. 129 TWashington and Lafayette. Par Nobile 25 General Taylor, for Buena Vista, (PLATE Fratrum, 53. XX.) 75. 130 Obverse, bust of Washington. Reverse, 26 General Scott, for victories in Mesico, bust of Franklin, 53. (PLATE XXI.) 76. 131 Presidency Relinquished; a variety of No. 15. (PLATE VII.) 54. 132 Presidency Relinquished; another variety 27 Captain John Paul Jones, Capture of the of No. 15, (PLATE VII.) 54. Serapis, 77. 133 Washington supported by Liberty and Wis- 28 Captain Truxtun, Action with the La Vendom, 54. geance, 78. 134 Washington, President 1789, Died 1799, 54. 29 Commodore Preble, before Tripoli, 78. 135 Washington. Lafayette died May 20, 30 Captain Hull, Capture of the Guerriere, 79. 1834, 54. 31 Captain Jacob Jones, Capture of the Frolic, 136 George Washington. Martha Washing- 79. ton, 54. 32 Captain Decatur, Capture of the Macedo137 G. Washington C. C. A. U. S. See also nian, 80. No. 17, (PLATE VII.) 54. 33 Captain Bainbridge, Capture of the Java, 81. Some other Memorials of Washington noticed, 34 Captain Lawrence, Capture of the Pea55, 56. cock, 81. 35 Lieutenant Burrows, Capture of the Boxer, National Medals. 82. 82. ARMY. 36 Lieutenant McCall. Same action, 83. 1 Washington before Boston, 63. 37 Captain Perry, Capture of the British fleet 2 General Gates, for Saratoga, 63. on Lake Erie, 83. 202 INDEX. 38 Captain Elliott, for same action, 84. 2 Colonel John Armstrong, (Kittanning 39 Captain Warrington, for the Capture of the Medal,) 103. Epervier, 84. 3 Indian Peace Medal, 104. 40 Captain Blakely, Capture of the Rein- 4 Libertas Americana, 105. deer, 85. 5 Franklin Medal, 105. 41 Captain Macdonough, Victory on Lake 6 Second Franklin Medal, 105. Champlain, 85. II. CITIES, 106. 42 Captain Henley, second in command, for the 7 Philadelphia to Captains Creighton, sam^e, 86. Low, and Stouffer, 106. 43 Lieutenant Cassin, for same action, 86. 8 P Town Co8Lncil of 44 Captain Biddle, Capture of the Penguin, 87. Portsmouth, Virginia 108. 45 Captain Stewart, Capture of the Cyane, 88. III. AGRICULTURAL SOCIETIES, 109. liscellaneous National Medals. IV. MECH-ANICAL INSTITUTES, 110. 46 Memorial of Lieutenant Bache, 89. V. OTHER INSTITUTIONS AND SOCIETIES, 111. 47 Rescue of the United States brig Somers, 90. VI. PERSONAL MEDALS. 48 Captain Ingraham, for rescue of Martin Clay, 113. Koszta, 91. Cooper, 113. 49 The Wrecker's Medal, 92. Eckfeldt, 114. 50 The Shipwreck Medal, 93. Gilmer, 115. 51 Japanese Embassy M:edal, 93. Hosack, 115. Jackson, 113. Presidential edals.ane, 115. John Adams, 95. Latrobe, 114. Thomas Jefferson, 95. Moore, 114. James Madison, 95. Page, 115. James Monroe, 95. Patterson, 114. John Q. Adams, 95. Perry, 113. Andrew Jackson, 95. Snowden, 114. Martin Van Buren, 95. Webster, 146. John Tyler, 95. James K. Polk, 96. Foreign Countries. Zachary Taylor, 96. II. GREAT BRITAIN, 116. Millard Fillmore, 96.. FRANCE 121. III. PRANCE, 121. Franklin Pierce, 96. James Buchanan, 96. IV. GERMANY, 134. Sub-national Eedals. V. SPANISH AMERICA, 138, Pennsylvania to Captain Perry, 97. Pennsylvania to Volunteers serving at the bat- A SUPPLEMENTAI LIST OF MEDAIS, 143. tie of Lake Erie, 97. cAFRICAN RINGS, COLONIAL AND CONTINENTAI, Virginia to General Scott, 98. CURRENCY ETC 148. New York to Colonel Bliss, 99. Louisiana to General Taylor, 100. MINERALS, 151. New York to Dr. E. K. Kane, 100. The Mineralogical Collection, 153. The Geological Collection, 154. Miscellaneous Medals. The Technical Collection, 154. American. The Select Collection, 155. I. COLONIAL AND REVOLUTIONARY, 103. Specimens of the precious metals, 155. 1 Penn Medal. Pennsylvania settled Specimens of the metals directly or indi. 1681, 103.! rectly used in coinage, 158. INDEX. 203'The domestic production of the precious A stamped clay cylinder from Nineveh, metals, 156. 163. The Dewey diamond, 156. An effigy of Oliver Cromwell, 163. Other mineral specimens described, 159. Golden images from Central America, 164. ANCIENT POTTERY, AND VARIOUS CURIOSITIES, THE DIRECTORS OF THE MINT. 160. David Rittenhouse, 166. Etruscan vases, 160. Henry William De Saussure, 175, Roman vases and vessels, 160. Elias Boudinot, 179. Roman lamps, jars, and lachrymatories, 161. Robert Patterson, 188. Egyptian vase, idols, and scaraboeus, 161. Samuel Moore, 189. An amulet of the Gnostics, 161. Robert M. Patterson, 191. Peruvian drinking vessels, 161. George N. Eckert, 193. Sacred book of the Hindus, 161. Thomas M. Pettit, 193. Byzantine prayer book, 162. James Ross Snowden, 194. Other ancient manuscript books, 162. A notice of Adam Eckfeldt, Chief Coiner, Nuremberg watches, 162. 194. Specimens of Japanese manufacture, 162. A brick from MAausoleum of Sardanapalus, LIS1 OFFICERS OF THE MINT FROM ITS OR(OAN 163. IZATTON TIO E PREISEXNT TI.'ME, 197.