WILLIAM L. CLEMENTS LIBRARY University of Michigan WALDRON FUND - - |- |-|- |- |-|- |- -|- - - |- |- |- - |- |- |-|-|- |-|-， ， |-|-|-|- |- |- - |- |- -- |- |- |- |- |- |-|- |-|-|- |-|-|- -|- |-|-|-|- - |-|- |- - |-|- |- |- |- |-|-|- |- |-|-|-|- |- - |-|- |- |- - - |-|- |-|- - |- |- - ---- |- |- -|-|- |- |- |- |- |- |- |-|- |-|- |- |- |- |- |-- |- |- |- |-|-- |- |- |- |- |- |- |-|- |-|- - |- |- -- |- |- |- |- |-· |-- |-|----- |- - |- |- |-|- |-|- |- |- |- |-|- - |- |-|-- |- |- |- - |-|- - |- |- -|- |- |-|- -|-|- |- |- |-|- |- - - |- |- |- |- |- |- ----|- |-|- |- |- |- - |- |- |-|- |-|- |- -|- |-|- |-|- |- |-|- - |- |- |- |-|- |- |- |- |- |- |-|- |- - - |- |-- |- |- |- - |- |- |- - |- |- |- |- |- |- |-|- - - -|-|-|- |- |-|- |- |- |-|- |- - - - -- |- |-|- |-|- - |-- |- |- -|-|- ---- |- |- - |-|- |- |- |- |-|- |- . -|- |- - - - |- |-|- .----|- |- |-|- - |- |- - |-|- |- |- -|- |- |-|- |- |- |- |-|-|-|- |-|- - |- |-|-|-|- |- |- |- |- |- |- |- |-|- |- |- |- |-|- |- |- |- |- |-- - |-|-|-|- |-|-|- |- |-- |- - |- |- |- ---- |- |- |- |-|- |- |-|-|- |- |-|- |- |- |- - |- |- |- |- |- |-|- |- |-|-|- |- |- |- |-|- |-|- |- |- |- - |-|- -|- - |- |- |- |-- - |- |- |- |-|- - |- |- |- |- |- |-|-- |- -|- - ----|- -- |-- |- |-- - |---|- - -|-- |- - THE BI, A.C. H. BOOK. OR A coxwww.www.ox"ow wavºws IN THE UNITED STATES, IN THREE VOLUMES. BY MIRs. AIN N E ROYAL. L., *uthor of Sketches of History, Life and Manners in the United States, and the Tennessean. VOL. III. WASHINGTON: PRINTED FOR THE AUTHOR. $1829. -- - DISTRICT OF tºº. to .." --- º 2 BE IT REMEMBERED, That, on the eighteenth day of ºl February, in the year of our Lord one thousand eight S. hundred and twenty-eight, and of the Independence of "º the United states of America the fifty-second, Mrs. ANNE ROYALL, of the said district, has deposited in the office of the Clerk of the District Court for the District of Colum- bia, the Title of a book, the right whereof she claims as author, in the words following, to wit: " - ------- “The i. .# ºr, a continuation of Travels in ºtºs states. in two volumes. By Mrs. Anne Royall, Author of Sketches of History, Life, and Manners, in the United States, and the Tennessean.” In conformity to the act of the Congress of the United States, en- titled “An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned;’ and, also, to the act entitled, “An act supplementary to an act entitled, “An act for the encouragement of learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned,” and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints.” in testimony whereºf, I have hereunto set my hand, and affixed the public seal of my office, the day and year afoºsaid: - - EDMUND I. LEE, Clerk of the Court for the District of Columbia. -------- --- - - --- - - - THE * º, A.C. § 300K." ºn PEPARTURE FROM LANGASTER, N. H. - The second day of December I took leave of Lancas- ter, New Hampshire, and crossed the Connecticut river in a sleigh, attended by my friend Mr. Eastman, mention- ed in the second volume of this work. The morning was cold, though the sky was clear, and the sunshone bright after a keen might's frost, and the rays of the sun caused the show to glitter like diamonds; the most bril- liant spectacle I ever beheld. - - The moment I crossed the bridge an involuntary “fare- well New Hampshire,” escaped my lips, under the influ- ence of melancholy foreboding. If ever I was supersti- tious it was at the moment that I landed on the Vermont shore, and the event proved the justness of this unaccount- able unpleasant feeling. ºn tº ºn- ºn - a ºn, , , , ººlºº C. º. I soon, however shook 6ſ the superiºus dread, and - | "Yºº Yº Yºº fºund abundantatisement in the romantic face of the country; and º the y grous º #ae er of the Green º f yººl though of nd har º ºlº VERMONº. º *19Nº. º - III h Y. ºns ºf Ye - 2013. A left, he the brave a y’sons of Vermö ther Air, º/, Whitmores, and her Warners, _ **'''''''''''Yºu ºn tº ºn. ºf ººº- 4. VERMonºr. Of all the states, I was most pleased with the military character of Vermont, during our revolutionary struggle, and I panted to see the state and the people. I longed to see the descendants of those heros who rushed down the hill upon Burgoyne at the plains of Saratoga. I had in my travels often met with some very genteel people from the state, who expressed a wish that I should visit it in some of my tours. My ardor, however, had become somewhat cooled, pre- vious to the period of my visit. Speaking of my intention to visit Vermont, while in New Hampshire, a citizen of Vermont who was present, (a gloomy bigot, one of the Calvinistic race, who had heard of my hostility to mission- aries) said “if I went to Vermont I would run against a snag.” Thus this gospel-spreader expressed himself The event proved that he was correct. Besides this fore- taste of the beauty of religion, I had understood that the people of Vermont were mostly in favor of misssionaries, that they were greatly behind the other New England states in education, and thus envolved in ignorance had been seized upon by the priests, who had converted the people from a brave, hardy, generous race, to a set of barbarous vindictive savages. - It certainly was this melancholy picture which filled me with feelings of terror as I entered the land of Arabs, as the upper part of the state is very justly named. HISTORY. Vermont was first discovered by Samuel Champlain, a French nobleman, who settled Quebec. Upon his return up the St. Lawrence, after establishing a colony at Que- bec, in 1619, he explored Lake Champlain, to which he gave his ºwn name, which it still retains. He was the first European who visited this territory, now called Wer. mont, and bounded by lake Champlain. . . ." Vermont, however, was not settled till 1724, when the governor of Massachusetts built fort Dummer, on the Connecticut river, in the county of Windham, on the east of the Green mountain. Meantime the French built a fort VI, RMONT. 5 at Crown-point, and began a settlement on the west of the mountain, and on the east of lake Champlain. The progress of population, however, was slow, until Canada fell into the hands of the English, when the settlement began to advance more rapidly. The tract of country now called Vermont, was about this time, 1649, claimed by New Hampshire and New- York, and a violent controversy ensued between the dis- putants till 1764, when the matter was decided by the king and council in favor of New-York, and the Connec- ticut river was declared the boundary line of New Hamp- shire. This occasioned a fierce and bitter contention be- tween the settlers and the government of New-York. which lasted twenty-six years; as the governor of New- York, by a forced construction of the royal decree, de- clared the grants of New Hampshire void, and called on the settlers to surrender their charters and purchase new titles at exorbitant prices. Some complied with the re- quisition, others refused. The lands refused to be repur- chased, were granted to others by the governor of New- York, and ejectments brought against the settlers in a court of law at Albany. At this period, the celebrated Ethan Allen appeared upon the theatre of his country’s wrongs, and with Seth Ward, as bold and featless as himself, opposed force to law, and the sheriffs were not suffered to carry the decrees of the court into execution. The settlers who resisted were indicted as riotors. But the court of Albany were alike unable to execute the law in the latter case, and many of the sheriffs who made the attempt were roughly handleſ. The militia of New-York were next ordered out, but the brave Vermouters set them at defiance. Then Allen and Ward proposed a meeting of the towns for the purpose of uniting for the common safety. Depu-, ties met accordingly, and appointed committies of safety for the general welfare—the main object, however, was resistance to New-York. - - About this time, Ethan Allen and Seth Ward were de- clared outlaws by a proclamation of the governor of New- York, and a reward of fifty pounds offered for their ap- prehension. 1* 6 VERMONT. These severe measures only served to unite the settlers more firmly, and the parties continued in opposition to each other till the commencement of the revolution, when those brave fellows, without any settled government, the moment they heard of the battle of Lexington, armed themselves in defence of their country, and under the command of Col. E. Allen, took the fort of Tyconderoga from the British without the loss of a man. On the same day,Col. Seth Ward took Crown-point; and another party surprised and took Skeensborough, which with two hundred pieces of cannon found in the forts, and the cap- ture of an armed sloop of war, secured to the Americans the complete command of Lake Champlain. Shortly after this Col. Ward, with only three hundred of his Green mountain boys, defeated the British general Caslon, in his attempt to cross the St. Lawrence, at the head of eight hundred men. Every one remembers the victory of Bennington, achieved by these boys, under Gen. Stark, and the eagerness with which they hastened to the standard of Gen. Gates, and rushed down the hill like lions upon Gen. Burgoine. They were in both cam- paigns against Canada, and signalized their valor in vari- bus engagements throughout the whole war.” In 1786, Vermont revised her Constitution, which had been hastily formed in 1779, and ended the dispute with New-York, by paying the sum of $30,000 to that state, in consideration of which it relinquished its claim. In 1791 Vermont was admitted into the Union. It is 157 miles in length from north to south, and 57 miles wide, containing 235,749 inhabitants. Such is the history of Vermont, called by way of eminence, the “land of the Goths,” since my defeat in Burlington—But to resume the tour. *Of these Green mountain boys Gen. Bard speaks thus in a letter to a friend, “They are the most active and rebellious race on the conti- ment, and hang like a gathering storm on my left.”—Baroness Ridesdel. CONCOR1). 7. - JOURNEY TO CONCORD, VERMONT. The land for some distance after leaving the river is good, and we slipped imperceptibly over the road to Lunenburg, where my friend Eastman had made arrange- ments to have me conveyed gratis to Concord, the next town; and here my friend and I parted. A young gen- tleman who had conveyed a lady from Lancaster to Lu- henburg, was proceeding to Concord academy alone, for his brother, it being vacation, and kindly volunteered the empty seat in his sleigh to convey me to Concord. He was from Lancaster where the arrangement was made for my accommodation. The land now becomes broken, stony, and barren, very few farms, and those with the houses indifferent. Small log cabins, and thick forests of hemlock, spruce, and fir, mark the face of the country. - All timber in this part of the country as well as New Hampshire, with the exception of those evergreens, such as oak, maple, &c. is called hard-wood. This hard-wood almost disappears after leaving the river, and the forest is one dark representation of heavy evergreens. This sombre appearance, however, is relieved by the White mountains, which, though on your back, are scarcely ever out of sight. Their high, smooth, white peaks seem to follow the traveller by magic, and as you gain the top of every rising ground, though receding from them, they actually seem to draw nearer. Though it was extreme. ly cold, I sat with my side to the back of the sleigh, and continued to gaze over my shoulder to feast my Senses with the untiring beauty of the prospect. It was on this day 1, for the first time, discovered the balsamic properties of the fir-tree. It was first mentioned to me by the yºung gentleman who drove me, and getting out of the sleigh he very politely cut out some of the bai sam and brought it to me. On the trunk of the tree small protuberances are observed; these contain the balsam they have the appearance of blisters; the balsam being covered with a very thin rind, is easily taken off with th: 8 CONCOR10. - point of a knife. It is in appearance like the turpentine of the pine-tree, about the same consistency, but has an agreeable aromatic smell. It is said to heal wounds if applied in the first stage. About one o'clock we arrived at Concord, a considera- ble village opposite to Littleton, in N. H. where I first saw the White mountains. Concord is situated on a good soil, and the site very handsome, being mostly elevated. and commands some handsome views, particularly of the White mountains. By the time we arrived, however, the sun had disappeared under a cloud which completely concealed the mountains. Concord contains three church- es, an academy, and 806 inhabitants. Moose river passes through the town, and gives rise to several mills, distil- leries, tan-yards, &c. I find two things peculiar to New England, viz: distilleries and churches; a yankee would just as soon be without the one as the other; both are alike his idols. An examination of the students happened to take place about the time of my arrival. The examination took up several days. I arrived the third day after the commence- ment, and as soon as I had dined, I hastened to hear the exercises, which consisted of young gentlemen and young ladies. Many of these were at the tavern where I stop- ped, and though men and women grown, were rather un- couth, though innocent, modest, and unaffected; and the ladies made some attempts at gaiety in their dress, but were half a century behind the fashion. The snow was deep, but I waded through it to the academy, which, by the way, was some hundred yards distant. The labor of the walk threw me into a perspiration, and the room be- ing heated with stoves, the vapor of the room, cramed with pupils and visitors, was oppressive. There were about fifty pupils, from about ten to twenty-four years of age. Rev. Hall, the preceptor, and Miss Wood his assist. ant, met me very politely, and showed me a seat. The academy was of recent establishment, 1823, but the pro- gress of the pupils was astonishing for the time, for it must be observed that by a late law of the state the whole of Vermont is laid off into school districts; these schools C0NCQRI). 9 are supported by the State, and are open a certain part of the year, which includes the winter months, Besides there aimost every county has an academy which is in operation the balance of the year. But when the Dis- tºiet schools commence, the academies cease, and the pupils go to the State Schools. This is an established jaw of the state and promises to convert these Goths in- to civilized men, or in other words, banish the delusion of mistaken religion. I am told those schools are the best organized of any in the Union. Every teacher must undergo a strict examination as to his character and abil- ities. The regulation is quite a late one and promises to banish priest craft (poor priests) from this once noble State.” The progress and proficiency of the pupils was highly honorable to the preceptors. The exercies were princi- pally Grammar, History, Philosophy, and ºrithmetic, also Mental Arithmetic, which I never saw or heard of before —likewise Experimental Geography. In this last, the pupil, after stating the lattitude and longitude of a given place, the following questions were asked, viz.: “suppose you to be in Canada, upon a fur expedition, how would you get to New York.” The reply was, that he, (the pupil) would make a bark cannoe and go by water as far as he could and then carry his canoe on his shoulder to the next navigable water,” and so of the rest. The whole of the pupils evinced the most extraordinary proofs of capacity and application of any I ever witnessed. Neither girl nor boy missed a word or was the least at a loss. The Rev. S. Hall, though an ortho- dox, seemed to be avery amiable man, and so charitable that he is very poor. Being told of his universal beney- olence I did not call on him for his patronage, I would not put his goodness to the trial. I would sooner give to such a man than take anything from him. He is a tall man, (rather young) with a meek countenance and very easy manners, and if I am not mistaken, a mason. Vermont and New Jersey distinguished themselves by their bravery in the Revolution, and are now alike distinguished for ignorance and bigotry, being doubtless the most illiterate in the Union. 10 CONCORD. Whilst I was sitting on one of theschool benches, listening to the pupils, I was struck by the appearance of agen- teel elderly gentleman who kepthis eyes fastened upon me most of the time, and when I arose to depart, he also arose and walked out of the academy at the same time, and very politely offered his arm. As we walked to- ward the tavern we introduced ourselves, and finding was going to remain there until the next day, he said he would call on me before I left Concord, and accordingly did so. He proved to be Judge Williams, a gentleman of great wealth and the original proprietor of Concord, and the oldest Judge in that part of the country. Judge Williams is, by birth, an Englishman, but owns exten- º possessions in this country by inheritance, if I recol- ect. Upon my arrival at the tavern an amusing occurrence happened between myself, the tavern-keeper and one of the citizens. The tavern-keeper, an honest but uncouth looking man, (an old batchelor by the bye) informed me when I first came that he could not accommodate me with a private room, with a fire place. While I was dining in the kitchen, which, it appeared, answered the purpose both of cooking and eating, I observed a stair-case and asked if it led to a room with a fireplace. “Yes,” said a very kind old lady, the landlord’s mother. “And why may I not have that.” “Why you may have it,” said the lady, “if it will suit you.” I accordingly squeezed up through a dark perpendicular passage; but such another room never met my eye before. It had a fire place, sure enough, but was filled with a miscellamy which had doubtless been stowed away to make room for the stran- gets who attended the exhibition of the scholars. This would not do. Spinning wheels, tubs, pails, barrels, wool flax, flax-seed, potatoes, corn, cards, and a few old crip. pled chairs filled up the room. I returned and asked the landlord to procureme a room at some other place. When lººeturned from the examination I asked if he had procured a room? “Yes,” he replied, “there was man,” pointing to one, “who could furnish one, he belieſ. ed, but I could talk to him myself.” “Well friend,” sai CONCORI). l! to the man, “can you furnish me with accommodations.” “Why I don't know, I come to see about it.” “Well, say yes or no.” “Why, I have a room,” he drolled out again, “that I promised to a young Woman as Wºº comin to my house to foller the taylorin' business.” “Then you cannot accommodate me.” “Why as to that he didn't know,” “And who ought to know? why can you not say at once?—it is growing late.” Meantime I pointed to a large leather trunk of mine, which was left sitting care: lessly in the middle of the room, and desired the landlord of the tavern to take better care of it; saying “it was careless in him to leave it out of the bar,” “Oh!” said the other man, “have you got a trunk—I didn't know madam —madam, I think I can commodate you madam,” going to the trunk and placing it on his shoulder, “I suppose you want your trunk with you. Come along madam, ! think I can commodate.” His hat, was off, and the most servile behaviour succeeded the discovery of the trunk. Well may these people becalled Arabs, Now this poor simpleton, though an elderly man, and had been a stage driver 14 years of his life, and must have had opportuni- ties of discriminating character, yet he had not discern- ment enough to see that I was any thing than animpostor. But the trunk, he could see everything in the trunk, from a mill to an eagle. And truly he had prepared a meat and comfortable room—had made a fire, and it was well fur- mished: tables, chairs and bed; and the whole of his dwelling corresponded. He lived in a good frame build- ing, which was meat and warm. His wife and children clean and tidy. - Never did away-worn chilled traveller seat himself be- fore a cheering fire and cleansweeped hearth with more pleasure than I did upon taking my chair at the house of the stage driver. After he sat down the trunk, I asked him why he hesitated so long in his answer upon the subject of the room. “Well now I'll tell you the truth: last year there game a woman here to stay all night, and she got up be: fore day and went away, and stole—"Iforget what, “But friend have you no discernment, have you not sense enough to tell a thief from an honest person?” But his 12 CONCORE). pate was toothick; nothing less than a trunk could com. vince him. In justice to him, he proved very kind in the end, and I wanted no comfort the town could afford. The house stood upon an eminence and a bright sun the next morning discovered the White Mountains in their wonted splendor. - Besides Judge Williams and Parson Hall, I met with but one gentleman worth notice in Concord. On the contrary, Imet with a few insolent blackcoats; insolence being their true characteristic. Of these one Ludivine, a red-haired savage, was the chief. The name of the gentleman al- luded to is Daniel Plumney, Esq. a most amiable man, who lives with the Judge as a friend and assistant; his honor being unable from increase of years to attend to his business. Judge W. owns property in the city of New York, where his lady happened to be when I visit- ed Concord. He gave me her address and an invitation to call on her as I passed through New York. Judge W. is one of the trustees of the academy and a gentle- man universally esteemed for his benevolence and charity. HISTORY. The first settlers of Concord were Joseph Ball, Un- derwood, Babcock, Gregory, &c. in 1788. They suffer- ed great hardships at first for want of provision, and were compelled to support life by eating wild roots and such scanty fare as the forest yielded. - WATERFORD, VERMONT. When the day grew warm (about 10 o’clock) next morning, I took my departure from Concord to Water- ford, about 4 miles from Concord. I had boxed the compass until I was without the limits of the stage lines, and my friendly host, the old stage driver, harnessed up his sleigh and took me to Waterford, on Connecticut river; so that after travelling several days, may weeks. I came WATElº FOR}). 13 - back to the old place opposite to Lyman, N. H. The land from Concord to Waterford is beautifully diversified with hills, vallies, fields, streams, and mountains. As we drove on my driver pointed out the first settlement of the town of Concord, for it must not be forgotten that a town here is like all the towns of New England, several miles in extent. - - - Our way lay down the Moose river, a bold, rapid, roll- ing stream, which affords seats for machinery of all des. criptions. I was charmed by the numerous cascades formed by the dams thrown over the riveſ at these places The White mountains also formed a part of the scenery, and my host being gay and talkative, amused me with an- ecdotes of the country, breaking his back by a fall from the stage, and his long confinement, and other hair-breadth escapes, till we arrived at Waterford; and for his credit be it known, his whole charge for room, diet, and sleigh-fare, was one dollar. - Upon going into the stove-room at the tavern, I was struck by the appearance of a venerable old man, who was resting his hands upon a came as he sat in his chair. Age always interests me, and wishing to learn something of his history, I took a seat near him and addressed some common-place questions to him. He seemed to evince the same curiosity on his part, and a mutual but brief in- terchange of each others' history took place. He proved to be, what I at first sight supposed, a soldier of the rev- olution. He was bending with time, being eighty-one years of age. His name was Pike, an uncle, I think, of Gen. Pike. He served most of the war, and was in the famous battle of Bunker's hill. He held a commission at the time, and gave a clear and distinct account of the battle. I observed “it was a pity the ammunition of the Americans gave out;" he replied he had powder and ball to the last, but his piece grew so hot, from discharging it so often, that he was unable to hold it in his hand. He was still a fine, stout man, of senatorial dignity, his fea tures were manly and striking, his hair was white as win. ter's snow, and virtue and benevolence still beamed in his full, soft, black eye, which became moistened as he related 2 Vol. III. 14 WATERFORD. his adventures. The tavern keeper, avery amiable man, was a nephew of Col. Pike. My time was so short at Waterford, I made but few acquaintances. Messrs. Charles Davis, A. Weatherby and Dr. Morrison (the two former attorneys) are the prin- cipal gentlemen of the town, and all I saw. Waterford is a beautiful lively village; the whole town contains 1247 inhabitants. The black coats have little sway in this place, the leading men being Universalists; of course I met with much hospitality and kindness— There is a sect in Vermont called “Free will Baptists,” avery amiable people, to judge by what I saw of them. They differ greatly from the Calvinistic Baptists, being as meek and charitable as the latter are insolent and sav- age. They have none of the tract and other trash so- cieties. Waterford was settled in 1787, by Whippel and others. HISTORY. As I wished to visit Danville and was still some dis- tance from the stage lines, my friends at Waterford pro- posed to take me to St. Johnsbury, about 12 or 14 miles distant, and while they were consulting about it they hap- pened to meet with a man who was going direct to St. Johnsbury on horseback, and finally Mr. Weatherby put the horse in his own sleigh and I took leave of Water- ford with the happiest impressions in favor of the citi- zens. Even the tavern-keeper refused to receive com- pensation for my dinner. Thus far steered clear of the snags. I had been told by Judge Williams that I would find good people at Waterford. The land between St. Johnsbury and Waterford is one succession of steep hills and deep vallies, and our horse seemed to fly. I like expedition, and praised the horse. We had, however proceeded over very few hills, the horse at full speed, before I perceived he was fairly run- ning away in spite of the driver and down hill he flew. We expected to be dashed to pieces every moment. In short, when I reflect upon it he ran from the beginning: ST. JOHNSBURY PLAIN. 15 though it being up hill, the driver managed the reins, But inow discovered he lost all command of the horse, but by good luck we got safe to the bottom of the third hill. After the alarm was over I asked the driver “if he was acquainted with the horse.” “Yes,” he said, “he was purchased by one of the stage proprietors to work in the stage, but setting the skill of all his drivers at maught, he was given to him to break to the geer, with the promise of a handsome reward if he succeeded, and this day was one of his trials.” “But an’t he grit,” said the driver—the first time I ever heard the word so applied. Doubtless he meant “is he not spirited.” There is a Vermont phrase for you, grit. Thus the horse con- tinued to run up hill and down dale to St. Johnsburg, though he became more manageable towards the last. I asked the driver “if my friends at Waterford knew the refractory qualities of the horse, and why he did not ap- prise me of it himself.” He said he was afraid to tell me lest I would be afraid, and was not aware that the gentlemen of Waterford knew his tricks. This horse might rank with the missionaries for converting the hea- then—he might convert a Hottentor—he was a perfect sweepstake. The man acknowledged he was more sur- prised at my courage (or words to that amount) than at the fleetness of the horse. ST, JOHNSBURY PLAIN, As it is called, is an extensive plain of singular beauty, and the village, consisting of meat and some of them large elegant brick houses was quite imposing. After my flight through the air, as it might be called, I descended with uncommon pleasure on this beautiful plain. Here,too, at the house where I put up I met with the mother and cou- in of the amiable Mrs. Stevenson, of Littleton, N. H. The subject of my visit to Vermont, and particularly St. Johnsbury, was mentioned at Littleton. “Ah, Mrs. R.” said Mrs. Stevenson “you will not like St. Johnsbury; too | 6 ST. JOHNSEIR Y PLAIN. much blueskin there for you.” This I found true, for ex- cepting the landlord and wife, who were Universalists. and very amiable people, and the relatives of Mrs. S. I found no one at St. Johnsburg but savage-looking mon- sters who actually looked like the snags had heard of I always make it a point to collect the names of the most distinguished men in the various towns I visit, and of course where they have not the politeness to wait on me, I wait on them. Lawyers, and we would suppose the clergy, ought, to rank the highest amongst their fellow men—ac- cordingly I procured a few names on a paper next morn- ing and, though a bitter cold day, I waited on one Mr. Paddock, a lawyer of great eminence (and great piety) for his patronage. It was thanksgiving day, and oh! the hypocrite, if you had seen the long louring look he put on when I told him “I was poor and had no means of procuring bread but by my pen, I was making the tour of his state and hoped amongst other things I should have a good account to give of him—was told he was a gentle- man of eminence as a lawyer, and withal very wealthy and pious.” The brute—I only said this for amusement while 1 was sketching his likeness, for the moment I saw him I discovered he was a savage. “I don’t want your book,” he drolled out, “I do not know whether it is a book that ought to be read.” “Well suppose you give me the amount of it or any thing you please to help me on my way. It may influence me to give a favorable ac- count of your country. If you do not want this book, you would like to have a favorable account of yourself and your state, and the Lord will reward you. You find it in your Bible that he who gives to the poor lends to the Lord.” “I do not know you are an object in want I must be satisfied I am bestowing upon a worthy object.” **Then Sir, I will satisfy you immediately,” and I produce ed credentials that St. Paul could not have disputed; “a little, sir, will do to help me on my journey.” Oh! the Shylock, he was all wolf. “I don't feel disposed to have anything to do with you, I am engaged.” The literal meaning of which was, get out of doors. At this time i: was snowing as hard as it could pour down. - ST. JOHNSBURY PLAIN. 17 Now this wretch is one of the Bible and Missionary Society men. Had I addressed half as many words to a common sailor I should have been more successful. But his person—he was, as usual, a tall, gaunt, meagre figure, with along blackface and sly, gloomy countenance, under the mask of which you might discover a mean hypocrit- cal soul who never did a generous actin his life. In the course of my conversation with him, he admitted that charity belonged to Christianity, but he must judge of those acts himself. Now as he has taken this liberty he must expect me to do the same thing. But to go on with the portraits of the gentlemen of St. Johnsbury, I was told there were one or two more law- yers in the town, but I had enough of lawyers and tried my luck upon a parson. I was told that Rev. Johnston though a Calvinist was a mason, and to add a little more to the article on St. Johns, I called on him. As it was thanksgiving day his reverence was preparing to give thanks. He was not to be seen for some time after I en- tered his house. The house was comfortable but not showy. While I waited for the Preacher I was agree- ably entertained by a good looking female, whether the Parson's wife or daughter I know not. At length his reverence made his appearance, and though I had seen all sorts of shows and sights, though I had just been run away with, had made the tour of all the museums in the United States, seen all the wild beasts on the globe, Pan- thers, lions and even the Rhinoceros, I never was more appalled or astonished. He was certainly the most grim looking monster in the shape of a man and the worst ac- coutred parson that ever ſellin my way. To give a correct description of his person or phiz would baffle Hogarth himself. He looked, however, something like anold batter- edup still worm, when thrown away as useless; his arms re- sembled a couple of air-pumps—his legs were like the adjunct of a housewife's hen-rack—his face was in co- lor a bluish black and the surface something like that of the man in the moon, full of hills and hollows—his eyes were a pale grey, and his teeth were long and snaggy. —but *. He had just put on a thanksgiving linen. - 18 ST. JOHNSBURY PLAIN. for I saw a clean fresh looking collar—his coat was black as his heart and out at the elbows, his vest was once black also, but was now spotted with grease, his panta- loons, likewise of black, were patched on the knees and other places; his manners—here I must stop; you must (thought I) be one of these snags. He advanced up to me and asked “What I wanted of him?” I asked “If he was Mr. Johnston, the Parson?” “Yes, his name was Johnston.” I replied, “You are a curious looking animal for a parson; why you are enough to frighten the people out of the church. I called on you for assistance, but you stand in need of assistance yourself; the mis- sionaries must have run you aground.” Saying this I de- parted to the tavern, leaving the parson in great astonish- ment at therencounter. I was told there was a Mr. West, Messrs. Clarks, and one Fairbank residing in the place—but concluding they were all North-westers, I wished to see no more of them. St. Johnsbury is watered by Pasumsic River, a very handsome stream, which affords several mills and tanne- ties, contains several stores, a tavern and post office, is 31 miles north-east of Montpelier and contains in the whole town 1404 inhabitants. HISTORY. St. Johnsbury was first settled in 1788, by Martin Ad- ams and Sons, and Simeon Cole. - I now began to draw near the line of stages, and the landlord, a very deserving man, furnished me with a horse, sleigh, and driver, to Danville about 6 miles distant The land and farms are very handsome upon leaving St. Johnsbury, but soon change to a succession of hills, with a few scanty farms in the narrow vales and on the hill sides. The natural growth from Concord to this place is an equalmixture of beach, fir, cedar, maple, yellow pine, and some tall elms. The land is fertile but very stony. The ground continues to rise as you advance to Danville and when within two miles of that place we have the most extensive view of mountain scenery in the United DAN WILLE. 19 states. The White Mountains, the Green Mountains, the Franconia Mountains, and an hundred others encir- cle the traveller on all sides though at a vast distance. It is certainly the most splendid display of scenery lever beheld. This is the best view. I have had of the White Mountains. This I had been told before and was not disappointed. They appear to great advantage from this oint. They not only seem to be higher but appear more distinctly than from any other place. Thus these mountains have for two weeks travelling formed a part of the scenery, and by their beauty and novelty, afforded one continued sensation of ravishing delight. DAN VILLE, Is 25 miles from Montpelier, the capital of Vermont, and is very handsomely situated in a fertile spot. The buildings are finished in a meat and beautiful style—many of them are of brick. It is the largest town I have seem in Vermont. It contains a court-house, a jail, two churches and 2300 inhabitants. The Supreme Court of the State holds its sessions in Danville. It is a flourishing village and appears to be inhabited by wealthy and enterprising people–though. to the disgrace of mankind, bigotry and priestcraft holds its sway over it with a rod of iron. What wicked mon- sters are those priests! Now these people might be called happy in this beautiful town were it not for those ortho- dox, though they do not hold all the town in subjection. There is a congregation of Methodists in the place, over which my friend of the Zion's Herald, late of Boston, presides. I am extremely sorry I had not the pleasure of seeing this amiable and truly christian man. He lived about a mile from the town, and my means were so slen- der and my time so limited, and withal, the weather was so cold, that I could not go to see him. I mean the Rev. David Sears, whom I had often seen in Boston. 20 DAN VILLE. - I put up at a tavern kept by Major Kelsy, who keeps an excellent house—not much orthodox about him. He was one of your humane, generous, open hearted men. He and Mrs. Kelsy were young and interesting, particu- larly Mrs. Kelsy was the handsomest female I had seen in Vermont, or indeed any where else. At his house I met with one of my old friends of Hanover, a most de- serving young man, one of the students of Dartmouth, whom it appears had quit the college for the purpose of teaching a school, perhaps to procure the means of com- pleting his collegiate education. He was highly accom- plished in music and belle lettres---a most amiable and promising young man. His modest deportment and man- mers deeply interested me. I have never heard of him since. Thus these yankees aim at securing the one thing needful. A taste for learning is every where prevalent among them, though they have hard struggling for it in Vermont, almost swallowed up by the clergy. The new regulations, however, of a late Legislature on the gene- ral conduct of schools promises to defeat the treachery of these Mr. Priests, and destroy their power over this once noble state. The reign of terror is soon to end in Vermont. I saw very few gentlemen in Danville. A Mr. Shaw, (who boarded at the house where I put up)a lawyer, was a very amiable man, of middle size and young appear- ance. His complexion was fair, his face round and full, his countenance mild and pleasing and his manners soft and winning. Col. Dana, a gentleman of great wealth. resides in Danville. He is remarkable for his family of amiable and accomplished daughters and a great number of the celebrated Saxony sheep. He must have had 300 at least. He had recently imported these sheep at an amazing expense, one ewe in particular cost him $120. This is an enormous price for so small an animal; but doubtless his statement was correct. These sheep are about as large or rather larger than the Merino. But be- tween the texture of the wool of each there is no compar- ison. The wool of the Saxony sheep is much longer and as fine as silk. It is so fine that it is all matted together º AN VILLE. 24 in knots and the texture being so soft it is more liable to be soiled than the wool of other sheep, consequently the sheep look quite dark. The sheep are also remarkable for being free from hair on the legs or hips, the whole body being covered with a thick fleece of fine wool. This wool is used in the fabrication of fine cloth and sells, if I recollectright, at two dollars per pound. The Colonel seemed to be deeply interested on the subject of the tariff, as well he might, having so great a capital embarked in domestic fabrics. When I enquired for the principal men in Danville, Col. Dana was mentioned, and about to visit him, I asked what he followed and where I should find him, thinking perhaps he was a professional character. “You will find him amongst his sheep,” said the person. I thought little of the remark, and upon calling at his house, sure enough, I was told he was at the barn amongst his sheep. When he was called (and it was a wonder he came) I observed he must have a number of sheep, when learning they were a great curiosity, I walked out to look at them. He gave me a sample, but having run against one of the snags shortly afterwards, I never knew what went with the wool*—it was a great curiosity. The comfort and convenience of the arrangements made for the reception of the wooly tribe by Col. Dana are equally novel. The Colonel is a middle aged man, middle height and stout make, his face is round and full with a large full dark grey eye. He is quite a plain farmer-looking man, but lives in elegant style and has a mostamiable family. The father of Col. Dana was an active soldier in the revolu- tion. - Now we come to the snags---calling on one JMalton, (rightly named) a lawyer, he received me with a frown and said, “he wanted none of my book; he had heard of me.” “And pray sir, what have you heard of me?” He was silent, “You say you have heard of me, but now Yºu can say you have seen me. Do I agree or fall short of your expectation; you have now an opportunity of Some of it was seven inches in length. 22 DAN VILLE. judging for yourself; hearsays are not always to be relied on.” I want nothing to do with you.” I did not suppose you did; Imerely called to pay my respects, and if you think proper to give me a piece of bread well, and if not I will get it out of you by putting you in my book. My commtry owes me my bread, and I am determined not to perish in a land so devoted to the gospel. I perceive by your charitable language, you are one of the gospel spreaders. I am one of the heathens whom you pretend to convert—and though I have come to your door for re- lief, you refuse it, vile hypocrite.” “Go out, I see you are a heathem,” “then sir, why do you not convert me? see your religion!” He jumped up and ran to me, and if I had not out run him, I believe he would have pushed me down stairs. This happened in the upper story, and the stairs ran up on the outside, and had he got hold of me, he would certainly have killed me. I saw in a mo- ment he was one of the blackcoat crew, and it was said he was a mason. If this was the case, I hope the masons will expel him, for his barbarity to one of their widows. Now this abominable wretch, is one of the tract people- one of the bible men—in short a missionary. One who aids in educating and promoting the education of pious young men to spread the gospell Can people belonger blinded by such wolves? do their actions correspond with the gospel? A number of men, or at least several, were sitting in the room with him at the time. What must these men have thought of the monster. It is need- less to repeat what I have so often seen since I have been in the atlantic states; I never meet with this sort of treat- ment from any but the missionaries. One judge D. was another of the snags, but I took care not to go too near him. Hon. Wm. A. Palmer was absent, I was told he was an amiable man, I was much pleased, however, with Hon. Morel, but with mone, more than Maj. Kelsey, the innkeeper. MONTPELIER. 23 Jouſtºy. To MONTPELIER, VERMONT. At Danville I was on the lime of stages, and took the stage from thence to Montpelier. These stages, as , have already observed, are taken from the wheels and placed on runners, which slip over the ground, or snow rather, very easy; they are in all cases furnished with buffalo robes, so that you may wrap up as warm as you choose. They generally have doors or windows, which beingshut, the passengers are quite warm and comfortable. Unfortunately forme, however, the one in which I took passage to Montpelier, was without shutters, and to add io the misfortune, a clown and his doxy, had taken pos- session of the back seat and all the buffalo robes. I had, therefore, to take the middle seat, opposite to the doors, or sit with the driver; and having a thin cloak (notwith- standing the report of the missionaries, of my having twenty thousand dollars,) suffered prodigiously from the cold. I appealed to the driver to interpose in my behalf as the seat was too narrow for three persons, I boldly opposed such an infraction of common usage; but neither myself nor the driver could move the savage to pity, I mildly remonstrated with the lady, who had something genteel in her appearance, and told her I was by no means an admirer of her taste, in sitting so near such a clown, and expressed a hope that she was not giving him any encouragement in a matrimonial point of view. But what was my astonishment to hear at the first place westopped, that my admonition was too late, they were already man and wife. It is hard times or rather fostprayers with our sex, when they are compelled to throw themselves away upon suchboors, or die old maids. This was certainly the greatest clown I ever met with, yet he was more pardonable than the snags of Danville. This day we crossed the Green mountains, over which there is a pretty good road. The ascent and descent is by no means steep or long, and in several places we met with scanty farms and small log houses. The road led through an opening in the mountain through which the 24 MONTPELLER. Onion river forces its way. At this part of the mountain the traveller first sees Onion river where it precipitates itself down a vast perpendicular clift, to the plain below. It was at this time, however, partly frozen from the top of the precipice to the bottom, but the stream was clear of ice at the bottom of the precipice, and though quite a small stream ran rapidly along. This fall must be very handsome in summer, and must make a direful moise. By the side of this brisk running stream the road passes nearly the whole way to Montpelier, the land being thin and settlers few. Here I ought to remark, that happily for me, the clown and his wife stopped about halfway, and we took in a very decent country girl, who likewise stopped before we reached Montpelier. MONTPELIER. The Seat of Government, is situated in the most ro- mantic spot of any other town in the union. It is in shape an oblong, sits upon a level plain, surrounded with hills, with one opening only at one end, and our road coming up at a right angle, I was surprised to find myself in a beautiful town without the least previous notice. True I had seen the steeples, but concluded I must be miles distant The great road from Burlington to Boston, passes through Montpelier. Upon this road there are two lines of stages running in opposition, and the trip is made in a short time by both. While I was at Windsor, I over- heard some conversation on the subject of the opposition, the amount of which went to prove that every advantage should be taken to put the opposition down, by any means however dishonorable, they would stop at nothing. I heard this conversation and resolved to patronize the op- position, and upon inquiry, I learned that the stage house was kept by one Hawley—to Hawley's, therefore, I went The meanest beyond doubt on my whole rout. He was not what I could call a bad man, but most despicably mean in principle. His house was full of ruſſians and black: guards, he the lowest of the whole. The only copy MONTPE LIE I:. 25 had of the Sketches, was stole at this house, and I would ust as soon suppose he took it as any other person. One would have thought that gratitude would, in my case, have influenced him for once, but he had too much of the dog in him. I apprized him of my motives in pa: tronizing his house, told him of the advantages and ill will of the other line; but this act of kindness was thrown away on the wretch: his wife was a gloomy fanatic, and he charged me the highest bill I had, as yet, paid in Ver- mont. I was, however, more than compensated in the situation of my room, which overhung Onion river, a most beautiful stream; the house being built on the very verge of the river. It is a shallow smooth stream, but runs amazing swift; it divides Montpelier, which com- municates by a bridge. Montpelier is called a village, and contains a state house, a court house, a jail, a ma- sonic hall, an academy, and one church, all of which are handsome buildings of brick. It has three printing offices, and twelve attorneys, and upon the whole, is a very flourishing town. Here I again had the pleasure of saluting Mr. Upham, whom I had before seen at Windsor, a most amiable man. He is mentioned in the second volume of the Black book, under the head of Windsor. He is a man of talents and learning, and bids fair to figure in the councils of his country—he is an at- torney. Mr. Smith, also an attorney, is alike amiable and eminent. He is a light figure, of middling height, and handsomely featured; his face is oval, with a soft full eye, and mild countenance, his manners are genteel, and very engaging—he is also a young man. Mr. Steel, is a tall elegant figure, of gentlemanly manners, mild en- gaging countenance, and a most worthy man. T. Merril, Esq. likewise of the bar, is I think of Bos- ton, and one of the first gentlemen in Vermont. He is of middle age, mild engaging countenance, with a round face, and full dark eye. Mr. Reed, is a tall, well turned figure, of middle age, fair complexion, with a small intelligent blue eye; he is affable and genteel in his manners. 3–Vol. III. 26 MONTPELIER. Daniel Baldwin, Esq. is a young interesting man, like- wise of insinuating manners. M. Baylice, also ranks amongst the first gentlemen in Vermont. Nor must I forget my friend, Gen. Walton, a small middle aged man, with a keen countenance, very easy gentlemanly manners, and dark complexion. He is the editor of a paper in Montpelier, called the Watchman, and a member of the body of censors for the state. It must be remarked, that every seventh year, the constitution of Vermont requires an election of thirteen men, who are called the council of censors. It is their business to enquire, whether the constitution has been preserved inviolate; whether the Legislative and Execu- tive branches of government have performed their duty; whether the public taxes have been justly laid and collect- ed; and whether the laws have been duly executed. They also have power to pass public censures, order impeach- ments, and recommend the repeal of such laws as they may deem contrary to the principles of the constitution; and, should they judge it necessary, they may propose amendments to the constitution, and call a convention to act upon them. These powers they may exercise for the space of one year from the day of their election and no longer. - Inow come to the snags—judge Loomusis one of these, and one Goldsberry another. L. is a tall, gangling, guant, lank, lanthorn-jawed fellow, black inside and out, a red hot missionary, a distributer of bibles and tracts; and though he was sitting in a room knee deep in bibles, he refused to patronize me, the hypocrite; did he learn this out of the bible. Now, every man in Montpelier not en- gaged in this swindling, bought my books. This ruſhan not content to refuse me his aid, (for which I did not care a pin,) but insulted me grossly. What part of the bible taught him this? I am shocked that the people should appoint such a wild beast for a judge. Hardness of heart, and savageness of manners, is the uniform charac- teristic of all those bible and tract people, and yet they continue to rob the public. As for G. he is not worth naming. - MONTPELIElk. 27 The academy is kept in the village, and appears to be in its infancy. I attended recitation one evening, and found six young ladies and fourteen young gentlemen, some grown and some quite young. They were remark- ably modest and diffident in their Countenance. Almost every branch of science is taught in this school; and it. is in these academies that young men and young ladies, are generally prepared for keeping the district schools. By an act of the Legislature, the candidates for district schools are examined in the following branches. The following are the rules of the committee: - 1. No young gentleman shall be recommended as quali- fied to teach a district school, until he shall have under- gone a satisfactory examination in the following studies: viz. English grammar, arithmetic, book-keeping, by sin- gle entry, geography, history of the United States, con- stitution of the United States, history of Vermont, consti- tution of Vermont, rhetorick, natural philosophy, improve- ment of the mind, reading, writing, and composition. And, after such satisfactory examination, he may re- ceive a certificate of the first grade. There is a second and higher grade. The present teacher of the academy, Mr. J. C. South- mayd, is an amiable and well qualified young man, and appears to be indefatigable, though I disapproved much of his prayers at the close of the day; this tends to no purpose whatever, but to make hypocrites of the rising generation; for as I have always said, where the show of religion is, there is none of the practice. Were these academies substituted by high schools, the benefit would soon be realized by society. No catechism or sectarianism is taught in the high schools; the pupil is merely enlight- ened, and left to his own choice with respect to sects, and goes to whatever church he pleases. These high schools, therefore, will meet with a strong opposition from the clergy, as it will destroy their power over the people, and put a stop to their dangerous designs of enslaving out country. In fact, where ever I find these clerical teach- ers, I find the grossest ignorance, 28 WATER bulky. Besides his honor, judge L. I found one more of those gloomy monsters, one with the same gaunt appearance, and sunken cheek; all of them have dark skins, and everything else it would seem, that is black. They ap- pear to be always studying murder, or bloodshed. It is evident, that something peculiar occupies their thoughts, or they would not look so uniform. There is something at the bottom of all this, let the people at large look to it. WATERBURY Is twelve miles N. W. from Montpelier. The Green mountains now began to put on a majestic appearance. and rise up in bold irregular eminences. They appear on the right and left, and run from North to South, and from their uneven surface, and their rich dress of green, have a novel appearance. They are thickly clothed with spruce and hemlock, which induced the French to call them Verd mons, which gives name to the state. The land is generally uneven, but many intervals are fertile and well cultivated, though the houses are small. Waterbury is the residence of his Excellency, governor Butler, the present governor of Vermont, and the first set tler of Waterbury, in 1786. A Mr. Marsh, however, had taken possession of a surveyor's cabin, in 1784. I called at the place, merely to pay my respects to the gov ernor, who lives on a farm adjoining the village. The governor lives in a very plain style, and is a plain farmer looking man, far advanced in years. He is about seventy years of age, quite a small man, and at once the most in- nocent and simple in his manners and appearance, of any man in the union. He was sitting in a plain parlor, which was covered with a domestic carpet, surrounded by his grand children. He was rather unwell, but chatted cheer- fully, and told me he felled the trees with his own hands, upon the farm he then occupied, fifty years since. This venerable patriarch is a member, and (if I mistake not) a preacher of the sect, called “Free Will Baptists,” a very WATERBURY. 29 different sect from the Calvinistic Baptists. His venerable hair was parted from the forehead to the crown of his head, and his countenance was mild and benevolent. Waterbury contains two churches, and the whole town 1269 inhabitants. It is a flourishing town, situated upon a handsome elevated plain, Onion river, which empties into lake Champlain, passes near this town, and the town exhibits a romantic appearance from the adjoining moun- tains, a part of the Green mountain range. There are two lawyers in the place, one of which, Henry F. James, Esq. is a son-in-law of governor Butler’s.” Mr. J. called on me a few minutes after my arrival. He is a tall young looking man, and quite agentleman in his manners. Having been sadly taken in by Hawly of the opposi- tion, I determined to alter my resolution of patronizing the line, and accordingly stopped at the tavern where the old line usually stops. The stage-driver, therefore, drove up to the door, and after letting me out, and setting my trunks on the porch, drove on to Montpelier. As I stood on the porch looking at the country, the tavern-keeper came out, I saluted him, and desired him “to take in my trunks and have me a room prepared, that I was going to spend the night with him.” He gazed at me with aston- ishment, and looking wistfully after the coach, said, “are you not going on, madam, in the coach?” “No!” I repli- ed, “I am going to spend the balance of the day here, I have business in the place.” I don't think I can entertain you madam—what stage did you come in?” I came in the opposition.” “Then why did you not go to the op- position tavern?” I explained to him that I had unfortu- mately paid my fare through to Burlington in the opposi- tion, but had been so much displeased with Hawly that I would not call at any tavern on the line. He seemed perfectly aware of the person who addressed him, and stood still without moving the trunks or inviting me into the house. I immediately guessed the cause, but as the day, was drawing to a close, I was too much engrossed Wºmy intended visit to the governor, and without pay- ing the least attention to the landlord's remarks, desired Governor Butler was a soldier of the revolution. º: º 30 WATERBURY. him to provide me some conveyance to the governors. He was like the man of the trunk at Concord, and chang- ed in look and manner when he heard the name of the governor, and removed the trunks into the house. Being told that Mr. James kept his office near the tav- ern, I addressed a note to him which brought him imme- diately to see me. It is impossible to describe the effect of the interview upon the tavern-keeper and his family, it operated like an electric shock, and produced the most assiduous attention. Tea was ready in an instant, and a room prepared to receive me by the time I returned from the governor's. At length the landlord observed that he had heard such a shocking account of me that he was afraid of me “Afraid of what?” said H., “I have no fire- arms, how could I injure you, what had you to fear from me? what had you to fear from an old woman?” “Why,” said he, “I was afraid I could not please you.” “What could induce you to think so?” “He heard I was very hard to please.” “But why would you believe report– see how you have been deceived.” “Yes,” he said, “I have been deceived, I expected to have seen a monster.” “And so you have; the person, whoever he may be, who prejudiced you against me, was the monster, one of the missionaries, doubtless!” He finally acknowledged it was the missionaries. To what a lamentable state of degradation has this priestcraft reduced mankind; was there common sense in this? was there religion in it? I. mean the christian religion; it is certainly their religion to slander, lie, backbite, and rob the poor, and the igno- rant, insult old age, and strip the orphan and the widow of their substance. Never had the priesthood in the days of the most benighted ignorance, such unlimited sway. Now this family was well informed from the man himself to the youngest of his children; they were the first peo: ple in the town, and were really interesting people. What a curse these missionaries are in our land. But such is the stupidity of the human race that common sense, honesty, and truth has no friend. Reason is dead, and common sense is banished from the land. This we know—but who has the will to inquire into the cause, JOURNEY TO BURLINGTON. 31 and who can be found of sufficient courage to apply a remedy? None! Now had this tavern-keeper been told the reverse, he would have passed it over without a thought, and would probably have forgotten it before my arrival, from a total disregard to merit, it would have died in his memory. But from the viciousness of our na- ture, and corruption of opinion by the vileness of this missionary scheme, everythingslanderous and absurd is swallowed with a greedy appetite. In the course of the evening I was visited by Messrs. Dillingham, Cleaves, Carpenter, and several genteel fe- males, and to do the tavern-keeper and wife justice, they were accommodating and kept an elegant tavern. The next day being Sunday, I was amused by viewing the citizens repairing to church, which was directly op- posite to my window, particularly the ladies, every one carrying a meat little foot-stove in her hand to rest her feet on during the service. At length the stage arrived, and 1 took my departure for Burlington. - journºy. To BURLINGTON. The road from Montpelier to Burlington follows Onion river, which runs a N.W. course to Lake Champlain. It has already been remarked that Onion river is a small but swift running stream, of course I was much delighted with its company on the road, particularly as its pasaage over rocks and through precipices afforded every variety of the beautiful and sublime. Its passage through a hill is a great curiosity, and from every appearance it once formed a cataract at this place. It has worn its way through a solid rock for some distance about one hundred feet deep, and about the same width, the rock on both sides being a solid perpendicular wall. In one part the stream pass. es under the rock which forms a solid bridge across the stream. There are several caverns in the rocks at this place of singular forms, which are said to have been in- habited in early times, 32 * JOURNEY TO BURLINGTON, Onion river is said to be the largest in the state, being seventy miles in length, and the best passage of the Green mountains is said to be where this river passes through them. The scenery down the river is truely grand and roman- tic. The loftiest summits of the Green mountains are visible on this route, and lie principally on our left. Camel's Rump is a singular elevation of four thousand feet in height. The whole range has an original and pecu liar appearance. The verdure is uncommonly rich and abundant. As we drew near the lake the bottoms on the river"be- came wider, and the land had a richer appearance. The settlements are large, and houses, farms, and orchards evince wealth and industry. The day (16th Dec.) was one of the coldest I ever felt, though the pleasure of the prospect, and the beautiful Onion river murmuring by my side engrossed my attention so completely, that I was nearly frozen before I was aware of it. We had but one or two Jonathans in the coach, good looking young men, who stopped before night. There were besides two young women and an old revolutionary soldier. The situation of the old soldier was truly dis- tressing; he had lost the use of his limbs, was thinly clad. and was obliged to be lifted in and out of the stage; he was on the pension list, and was a great lover of the bottle. Late in the night we arrived in Burlington, which will forever be famousin history for an effort of the missiona- ries to convert me to their religion. The stage broke down in the edge of the town, and the driver walked with me to Thomas's tavern, where the old line put up, as I was afraid to venture upon the opposition, which in the present instance, was doubtless the best. - Here happened not the “battle of the kegs,” nor the “battle of the frogs,” but the battle of the Snags. had heard much, and seen much of the snags, but it ap- pears. I was destined to feel them too. The circum- stance to which I allude, is well known by the people, generally of the United States, that is, it is generally JOURNEY TO BUlt LINGTON, 33 understood that I was attacked, or assaulted rather, by one of the missionaries, in such manner, as doubtless, he would assault the heathem. For, let these missionaries sound their pious ſame as loud as they please, there is nothing like facts—facts speak loud—facts are truth. Early on the day that succeeded my arrival in Bur- lington, the ex-governor, C. P. Van Ness, called on me at the tavern, together with several other gentlemen. In the course of the interview, the state of society in Ver- mont, the various denominations, and the missionary scheme, formed a part of the conversation. Some of the gentlemen observed, that there were many enlight- ened people in Burlington, and amongst the sects, a Uni- tarian church; but there were also many of the blueskins. | observed that giving a general description of the coun- try, I called on both parties, that is, the orthodox and the the liberal party, and though I never obtained a patron amongst the former, I thought it as much my duty to describe them as the others; and that if I never got any thing else, I always got something to put in my book. One of the gentlemen pointing to a house, from the win- dow, (which appeared to be a store) observed, there is one of them; a good specimen of the blueskins; he cer- tainly never guessed better. It had snowed the previous night to some depth, but such was my pressure of duties and means, that I was forced to meet the storm, without once dreaming that a storm more appalling than the thunders of heaven awaited me. I first called on the two editors, one was an Ad. ams, the other a Jackson man. They both appeared glad to see me, though the Adams man said, what was Yºry true, viz., “we do not know what to say about you, Mrs R, so much has already been said, that nothing is left for us to say. I then went to the store pointed out to me by the gentleman. The house had high steps before the door, from which the snow had been removed; upon going in, I found a hard featured, gloomy looking man, standing outside of the counter, another was standing inside, which I took to be the proprietor. If the first was gloomy, the latter 34 JOURNEY TO BURLINGTON. was fierge and savage; he was about fifty years of age, stoutly built, and wore a wig of sandy color, his face looked of iron hardness, and seemed as though it had lain ºut on a frosty night; of all the Jonney Saws, he had the most stern, terrific look. “I asked if he was Mr. Hecock; “yes” he replied, but never raised his eye to look me in the face. As he seemed to be engaged, look- ºng at some papers, which the other man was showing him, and which were scattered on the counter, between them; I stood still (as I was not invited to sit, though there were several chairs in the store) till he was at lei. sure. Meantime I continued to scrutinize his counte- nance, in which there was a causeless, unceasing, and unappeasable savageness. Perhaps he took me for a daughter of “Baal, or Ashteroth,” or “one of the vain Women of Tyre and Sidon, or a kind of soup meager, witch, or some outlandish thing. Be that as it may, this emperor of Heroes, what we in the south, would call “a bit of a blood,” or a gallant “of the first water,” was not for mincing the matter. When I observed him to have got through with the papers, I informed him who I was, and that I had called on him for his patronage: “yes,” he replied, “I’ll patron- ize you, I have heard of you before.” “and now you see me.” “Yes, I see you ought to be put in the work house, instead of being suffered to run over the country.” “Is this your religion, sir?” is this the language of a christain? And pray, sir, what have I done to consign me to the workhouse? mind who you speak to, you hypocrite.” As I said this, I laid my reticule, with some papers I held in my hand, on a chair that sat about the middle of the room, and was about to open a paper to convince the gentleman that I was not a fit subject of the workhouse I was standing near the stove, which, as well as I re- member, was about the middle of the room; while I was. opening the paper, Hecock walked deliberately to the door, and openening it, walked back, and passing on as though he was going behind the counter, came behind me, took hold of me, with a hand on each shoulder, and pushed me with such force that he sent me to the foot of Jou RNEY TO BURLINGTON. 35 the steps, into the street! The whole distance, including the height of the steps, must have been, not less than ten feet, and had it not been for the snow, which fell the pre- ceding night, I must, inevitably, have been dashed to at- toms on the pavement; as it was, my ancle was dislocated, one of the bones of the same leg broke, and the whole limb bruised and mangled in the most shocking manner. I have heard of slow and sure, but Hecock was swift and sure: if the ruffian had not stole up behind me like a base coward, I could have eluded him, by my activity. But what is still worse, the monster would have let me perish in the show, had my cries not brought my friends to my assistance, when the ruffian, “born of savage beasts, by fierce hienas nursed,” told the gentlemen, “she is not hurt, she only pretends she is hurt.” The fellow who was in the store, (when my injury was confirmed) united with the savage, as I heard afterwards, in saying a dog pushed me down. He must have been “ribbed with iron,” and his heart barred “with bolts of brass.” Thus, to attack a female, an aged female, who was pro- curing an honorable subsistance. Now this monster was a missionary, that is, a black Presbyterian, a contributor and supporter of the whole missionary scheme; went to church three times a day, and how many times at night, I do not know. He makes long faces, and long prayers, is an Elder in the church—a hopeful convert, a pious man of the true brimstone race. He was raised in the ashes, as his conduct plainly proves; but by the sudden death of a brother became possessed of about half a mil- lion of dollars, but never gave a cent in alms in his life. Thus Iran against the snags. Doubtless, he, like the Puritans of New England, thought he was wrestling with satan. I was told that this was the first trial of his cou- Page. - - From his piety and long prayers, and efforts to convert the heathem, [myself.ſor instance one would have thought his pious bosom would have yearned over me, as I lay in the snow, that he would have procured wine and oil, and have poured it on my wounds, that he would have put me ºn a horse of in a carriage, as riding (with me) was out 36 jou RNEY TO BURLINGTON. of the question, and have carried me to his own house, does not his precious bible tell him so? No such thing– I might have perished at his door, had not the heritics, as those hypocrites call them, the Unitarians have come to my assistance. - - It was some time before a horse and sleigh could be brought, as it always happens in extraordinary cases, every thing was out of place. My landlord was gone from home, the sleigh was gone with the master, the harness was broke, everything went wrong, and my friends were afraid to leave me, lest the ruffian might finish what he had left undone. They had lifted me up and laid me on the lower step of the door, and stood by me; during the time he never once came to the door to ask after the wound, or to ask them to bring me into the store, or offer to send for a Doctor, or anything what- ever. This is their gospel, if the people of the United States, were not abject to meanness, if they were not degraded far below the brute creation, Hottentots, or any heathem tribe,this single act alone would have opened their eyest impositions of those missionaries. But so far from it, they have increased.* Let this missionary scheme be called madness, or what it may, a many headed monster, as it doubtless is, or any other opprobious name, it seems that those who advocate the scheme are determined to persevere till an army has to settle the business. One would have thought at least, that a man who would in so notorious a manner, have set the civil and religious laws of his country at defiance, would, for the sake of appear- ances, have been turned out (or suspended) from the church. But I was told (how true I do not undertake to say) his gospel spreading minister told him he had done a righteous act. Doubtless, he too, learned this out of the bible. I have elsewhere observed that I was put upon my guard against these snags, and was told I had better give up my tour through Vermont. But my friends *It is now one year since the outrage was committed, and the wound is not yet healed. jou RNEY To BURLINGTON. 37 finding me determined, advised me to leave my MS- with some friend (as it was levelled at the missionaries) for safe keeping, and observed they had heard threats made (not to convertime) of a serious nature, which were evidently meant to stop the publication of the work. Ac- cordingly, I sent the M. 8. to a place of safety, and re- gardless of the threats, I proceeded through the land of Snags, since called the land of the Goths. It appears that the warning was wise and well timed, and that my friends judged correctly of the gospel-spreaders, in Ver- mont, where “Tyrant power sits enthroned in blood; the baleful charms of superstitition there infect the sky, and turn the sun to horror.” For many weeks I was confined in Burlington, and suffered the most excruciating pain, of which, no adequate description can be given. This happened 17th Dec. 1827, and I never walked one step till the month of June, 1828. Nor have I recovered yet, (1829.) Thinking the climate retarded my recovery, at the end of five weeks I left Burlington, and was hauled by easy stages to Washington city, and suffered everything on the road; a description of which, battles the English language. I am aware that the same pitiful excuse will be made in this case, which I have often heard al- ready, viz, that a whole sect ought not to be condemned because one of them has been proved a villain. I admit the truth of the maxim generally. But so far am I from admitting it in this case, or any other case connected with this missionary system, that I should just have had the same opinion of the whole of them, had I never seen this man. The only difference between him and them is, that he had the courage which they had not, and doubt. less they (I mean the whole band of missionaries) instiga- ted the cruel act, as the plan seemed to have been well mas tured, and this was certainly agreed upon as the point of at- tack. They had made two attempts before in the state, with- out success, and had they missed this opportunity their scheme could not be put into execution on any part of my route from Burlington through Vermont, it being their last trong hold, º !. * of Vergennes and Middlebury, 38 BURLINGTON'. through which my route lay, are liberal and advanced in learning, taste and manners. This therefore was their ast hope, and they were not mistaken in their man. I am certain it was a pre-concerted plan, as it was late in the might when I arrived, 10 o'clock, and this happened very early next morning. They always apprize each other of my approach, and describe me so accurately, that I am known the instant they see me. Butlet me ask which is the worst crime, to murder the body or the reputation? It is well known that those monsters attacked my reputation throughout the whole country, by propagating falsehoods of every color and species; charging me with being a vile impostor, a swindler, a drunkard, and every thing their malice could suggest, from Col. Stone and Dwight, down to the present time, in private, in public, in town and country. How does it happen that none but these missionaries slandered me? and what has been the effect? the whole of it has recoiled upon their own wicked heads and my popularity has increased in proportion to their efforts to suppress it. It is not, therefore, by the barbarous act of this ruffi. an H, alone, that we are to judge, though it ought to open the eyes of the public, to the hypocrisy and swindling of the whole of them. The missionary scheme is a wicked conspiracy against our lives, liberties, and laws; the principle is hostile to our happiness and safety, and every man, woman, and child, in the missionary ranks, are alike guilty of treachery, robbery and treason Not a member of the whole gang of these blood suckers, were it not for their cowardice, but would do the same that H. did, and worse, if worse can be. He is not a whit worse than the best individual amongst them. I have marked them well. barbarity and ferociousness are pictured in their faces: they all unite in treason against our government, and of course all are alike guilty. Let them get their religion established, and every man of them would prove a He- cock. Our vessels would be unable to import hemp enough to hang the heretics, as they are pleased to call the whole population of the United States. The vile im: postors' to accomplish what they have, under the mask of - BURLING'+0x. 39. religion and yet, from the grºss ignorance into which the people have been plunged by their tract and News- paper trash, all that has been said and done to awaken the mass of the people to a sense of their danger, has had but little effect. Can the people still doubt, after what they have seen? At this moment, they are running over the country, with petitions to stop the mail from running on Sunday, and one of them even, while I am writing, has had the impudence to introduce the subject into our Congress Hall. If this were done in many of the European governments, the fellow would have been mobbed, who would dare to offer such an insult to his country. What can the people think of this? If these Presbyterians were to succeed in stopping the mail, would they stop there? I fancy not. What do these vile rob- bers care about the mail, or Sunday? just nothing at all. Power is their object. We raise armies, and levy taxes to oppose foreign invaders, and yet, suffer these domestic invaders to go on peaceably, from one step to another, till the last semblance of liberty is surrendered. We have the same right to defend our property, liberty, and life, against any invader, whether foreign or domestic; whether in shape of human, super-human, or wild beast. For instance, had I not the same right to defend myself from the fangs of the monster, Hecock, that I had from the fangs of the viper, or any wild beast. Freemen have an undoubted right to defend themselves against every aggressor, whether a two-legged or four-legged beast; and most of all from domestic traitors; I mean those de- mi-thieves, the missionaries. Instead of this, we have let them go on, till they now have the power in fact; while we have it only in name; they have the greates capital in our country, and a great majority of our wo. men. - But to return to my wound. It was so long before a doctor could be found, that it became prodigiously swell- ed, so much so that it was impossible to set it accurately, and to repeat the whole of my sufferings and combats with the doctors and surgeons, to say nothing of the loss of my time, would fill a large volume. First and foremost, 40 13U R.IN Gº ON. after a good natured Boston doctor, Pomroy, had splin- tered the limb up nicely, he sat a little while and went away, whilst I refused to lie down, Shortly after he went off, I very deliberately took off the bandage and splints, and setting my ancle and foot in some warm beef brine, drew my table to me, and went to writing I con- tinued to write, though grinning with pain, for about two hours. But I must introduce my landlord with his family, to my readers, particularly as I am to be an inmate of his house for some time. The landlord’s name was Tho- mas, a tall, handsome man, with rather a sly coun- tenance; his wife was also, a handsome woman; and both were young, though they had several children, three, 1. think. The landlord's sister, a young woman grown. very handsome, but ignorant and awkward, though by the way, the best of the three; a midle-aged widow lady, who sewed for the family, and always sat in the next room fronting me, she was very kind, and always came at my call, though she was hard of hearing. But my greatest friend, (I mean of the family) was the waiting maid; a pretty little creature, and the very milk of human kindness. Her presence was a cordial, she was the last to leave me at night, and the first to see me in the morning. She never failed to bring me a bowl of coffee by daylight eve- ry morning. The cook, a white woman, and the cook's sister, were also very kind. The chaimbermaid, a colored woman, was rather distant and sulkey, but otherwise, unexceptionable. Amongst my friends who called daily. there was little difference in their attention; they were all masons, and gentlemen of course. I was their peculiar care. These were governor Van Ness, and Messrs Has- well and Langden. Besides these, a few of the gentle- men and ladies of the town, often called, and several from the country, and very often travellers to whom I was known. But my constant friend was a boarder in the house, a young gentleman by the name of Brooks, a native, if do not mistake, of Canada, though educated in the United States. But the doctors—they had a grievous time of it: never having been confined before I was so outrageous and BU 1-LINGTON. 41 ungovernable, that they one after another forsook me, and left me to die in my sins. The fat doctor who set the bones, never returned, a good unitarian too. I left off at the brine. I continued to sit and write till dark, concluding, that in a day or two, I would be able to pursue my Journey. About dark, the widow lady mentioned, came into my room to inquire after my wound, and finally persuaded me to put on the splints. I slept none that night, from the pain, but still entertained the hope that one or two days more would put me on my feet, so little did I know of wounds. The wound grew worse, and the whole limb by the evening of the second day, assumed a fightful appear- ance, having turned black, and swelled prodigiously. Another doctor was called in, who dressed it with much seeming tenderness. But doubtless, he, as well as the first, supposing what was very true, that I was unable to ay him, never returned! I now began to think I should probably be detained in Burlington a week or ten days. Meantime a third surgeon was called in, no other than doc- for Chaimberlain himself; he was one of my favorite frater- nity, but favorite or not, I was so impatient and ungoverna- ble that he was often upon the point of deserting me too. At length, however, the doctor's patience was exhausted, when upon calling in the morning, he would find the ban- dages he had carefully put on over night, cut off with a knife, and lying in the floor. The pain and swelling du- ring the night, would often become insupportable, and not being able to undo the bandage, I would apply the knife. On these occasions, the doctor would become outrageous himself, and scolded in good earnest, which never failed to set me laughing. By this means the doctor always contrived to manage me. To do him jus- tice, doctor Chaimberlain is an amiable, kind and feeling man, and doubtless a skillful surgeon. He is quite a young man, sober, and attentive, and had the best prac- tice of any physician in the place; his manners are easy and polite, and he is charity itself, which is the brightest part of his character; he attended me five weeks, and his charge was nothing. 4* 42 BURLINGTON, But it will be asked, did none of these religious people call to see me; those who belonged to the same church with the Hero of Lake Champlain"—not one—these are the people who support the bible societies, tracts, and missionaries; make long Pharisaical prayers, and wish to stop the mail from running on Sunday; judge of their re- ligion. Now I would ask Hecock, and the rest of his brother and sister Presbyterians, in the face of the world; let them come forward and answer, if they do not wish to be forever consigned to eternal ignomy, what would have become of me in Burlington, had it contained no other sects but themselves? Doubtless I should have perished of my wounds in the snow! Is that religion? Yes, doubt- less, it is the the religion of tracts and missionaries; but is it the religion of Jesus Christ? But of what religion were those who came to my relief? every one is anxious to hear, and they shall hear—why forsooth it was a cou- ple of the heretics—two Unitarians—they were double heretics—they were masons, a class of men that are also proscribed by none but fools, and knaves, however. I al- ways write upon facts. The gentlemen who flew to me in the hour of distress, when I fell amongst the thieves and robbers, were Messrs Langdom and Haswell, every one in Burlington knows these gentlemen to be Unitarians and masons. Now why did not the others come to my relief, there were several within hearing. No name with them is bad enough for Unitarians and Masons; this was one of the best opportunities they could have wished, to prove their sincerity of spreading the gospel, and to prove that they were better men than the masons. The vile hypocrites—can any thing be clearer than that those men and women too ought to be identified with Hecock. They were as bad as he, or they would have come and picked me up out of the snow; there were several look- ing at me, attracted by my cries. I did hear that they were only sorry that Hecock did not kill me outright. After this, will people be longer blinded by these mis- sionaries. Hundreds of witnesses can attest the truth of - *Burlington stands on lake Champlain. BURLINGTON, 43 the foregoing narrative. If any doubts, however, be entertained, I have the correspondence of my lawyer (governor Van Ness) and Hecock, in my possession. My land-lady was one of these blueskins. It was revol- ting to hear the falsehoods this woman would relate to travellers, many of which were related to me, by them- selves. When either gentlemen or ladies were passing through Burlington (as the inhuman act had spread through the country) they never failed to inquire after me, at the tavern, and in most cases came up stairs to see me, when I learned from them the treachery of Mrs. Thomas, “Oh" she said, “I fell down and hurt myself.” The abomina- ble wretch—now this woman was a great Presbyterian, and went to the same church with Hecock; a great bible and tract woman. I never knew one of this sect tell the truth. In justice to her, though she never failed to screen Hecock by falsehoods; she and her husband, were very attentive, or at least their servants were, which was the same thing, but this was a matter of interest, they intended and did make me pay roundly for it. Thomas, (the name of the tavernkeeper) would sometimes come in and say “not able to walk yet!” the P-Y, I am hardly, in fact am not able to walk yet, excepting a short distance. But how must Mrs. T. appear to the world, how can she look any one in the face after such falsehoods. And “maybe he did not intend to do it.” For the honor of human na- ture, I am sorry I could not join her. But to go on with my land-lady—as I have already observed, she was a tall, well-shaped, handsome-featured, pale-faced woman; but very ignorant, (as all priest-ridden women are) and shock- ingly affected. It appears that I was (for I remember nothing of it myself) so outrageous I was for setting of (home at all events, and denounced every thing that Op- posed me. I had hauled on some of my cloths, myself, some were upside down, and some wrongside out, and alj ready for a march, though I could have done any thing at that time rather than march. Meantime my landlady never came up. 44 BURLINGTON. Next day while Doctor Chamberlain was scolding me about it, she came in. “I heard you was unruly and that's the reason I did not come up to see you.” “Is that your religion?” I replied, “you ought to have come the sooner”—see the hypocrisy of those people. “N–0. but if any one would be pleasant then I can come and see them,” she drolled out—oh the viper! “I ask no favors of you madam, I order you, I command you to wait on me; it is your business to do so, for which I am to pay you.” The blockhead—how could I be pleasant with such a wound! Thomas was a palavering, smooth-tongued, sneering, sneaking fellow, who, I believe, was on both sides. He first charged me two dollars per day, my friends object- ed; he then fell to one dollar and a half, and I think he had to deduct part of that. I asked him in the mean- time “how he could charge so much?” He had forgot to be a christian. “Oh!” said he, “your troubles and mis- fortunes are not mine, I can not lose because you have been unfortunate.” Query. Did he learn this in the bible? Thus it happened to me amongst those thieves, Yet I found many warm friends and very genteel people in Burlington. Governor Van Ness, a brother of Gen. Van Ness of Washington City, was kind and attentive, and settled the business between me and the Hero of lake Champlain, through his attorney. Governor V. N. is dis- tinguished in the history of his country and very deserv- edly reckoned one of our first men. He has filled almost every office of trust in the state and general government, and is one of the ablest members of the American bar, as well as one of her finest orators. His practice is exten- sive, and he is said to be immensely rich, and he certain- ly is one of the most finished gentlemen in his manners. He is of New-York, and not at all like his brother of Washington, except as to size. He is very stout, and well made. His complexion is fair, and his face oval. with a bright blue eye; his countenance is dignified, and manly, with great expression. If I were to give an opin- ion I should say that Gen. Van Ness has few equals in the Union, take him on what grounds you may. Messrs. ºvſki,INGTON. 43 Langdom and Haswell, the good Samaritans, took me out of the hands of the Goths. Messrs. Inglesby and Loomis, and several ladies (not the Blueskins) called very often, particularly Mrs. Loomis, and kindly offered me any thing and every thing their houses afforded. Now she was a Unitarian. Why did not these Blueskin-ladies call and make the same offer? One would think for shame-sake they would have come. Not they–and yet they continue to rob the country with a high hand to spread the gospel. Three nights in every week those men and women hold society meetings to spread the gospel. Shame where is hyblish! Mr. Brooks was a constant visitor, and though I was daily visited by some humane citizen or stranger, must have fallen a sacrifice to melancholy during the long winter nights, had it not been for the humanity and feel- ing of this amiable young man, who never missed an even- ing. He generally read an hour or two, mostly some amusing book, but chiefly Sterne, and mimicked Uncle Toby and Trim to perfection—in fact he was a sort of a young Uncle Toby himself. I shall remember his kind- mess to my latest hour, and never cease to invoke the fa- vor of Heaven upon his generous head.* Burlington is situated on lake Champlain, and is the handsomest and largest village in the state. Many of the houses are elegant brick buildings, and the streets are regular and handsome. It stands on a gentle declivity rising gradually up to a lofty eminence, which commands a beautiful view of the Lake. Lake Champlain lies between Vermont and New-York, and bounds the former one hundred and five miles; it is one hundred and thirty miles long from north to south. and from one to fifteen miles wide. A steamboat passes daily between Burlington and Plattsburg, N. Y. and had it not been for my unfortunate wound I should have visit- ed Plattsburg. But my travels were ended in Burlington to its eternal disgrace. Burlington contains two churches. a court-house, a jail, a university, (in name only) a bank. and 2,600 inhabitants; and were it not for those abomina- *I have never heard of him since. - 4.6 Esu RLINU"I'ON. ble blueskins it would be a delightful spot. But they are a curse wherever they are found,-they taint the very sun- beams, and spread a gloom over the land. And as to the university, every geographer who calls it a university (or anything but a den of thieves) ought to be sent to the work. house for falsehood. No such thing as a college or aca- demy exists in Burlington! It is shameful for writers to record such falsehoods! There are buildings there to be sure, and professors, called the university, but who would send youths to such a brimstone-den? It was recently burnt to the ground—a just judgment, doubtless, upon such infidels. These scourges of mankind might teach tigers and bears, but it is treason, conspiracy, to send young men to a nest of blueskins. It would have been well for posterity had the university (as it is called) never been rebuilt, unless honest men were put at the head of it. A few days before I left Burlington I was, at my own request, put into a sleigh and drove round the town. In the course of the drive, I stopped at the gate of the man who is called the president, but he never came out—read- ing tracts doubtless. How can people expect such men to teach the youths of our country?—one would have thought his piety would have brought him out. It is an insult to the lowest understanding to put such wild beasts at the head of seminaries.* One would have thought as he was a gospel spreader, he would have come out and inquired after my wound; so far from it, had he had the power, he would, doubtless, have brought out a halter. The whole sect ought forever to be denounced for their barbarity to me in this town; and yet you hear nothing but bible, tract, Sunday school, and missionary schemes amongst them. The widow of the hero Ethan Allen, lives near Burling- ton, and lintended to have paid my respects to her on the very day I was attacked by Hecock. I regret much that it was not in my power to honor my page with an in- *He deserves the epithet richly for not calling at the tavern to see what could be done for me in my long and cruel confinement; thus the falsehoods of those gospel-spreaders are detected. VERGENNES. 47 ſerview of the widow of this distinguished man, particu- larly as the opportunity is now lost forever, I was told a son (Ira Allen, Esq.) of Col. Allen's is still living in some part of Vermont; but he will never be distinguish- ed in a land of bigotry and priestcraft During my confinement at Burlington I had the pleasure of seeing an old fellow-traveller, Mr. Hulbert, of New- York. He was then on a journey to Massachusetts, ace companied by his mother-in-law, and a very hand- some young lady, both Yankees, and both Quakers. They all came up to see me, and expressed much indigº nation at the treatment I received in the place. departure ºnoM BURLINgtoN. At the end of five weeks I partly stole away from my friends of Burlington, but one only, Mr. Haswell, being privy to the secret. They wished me to have staid another week at least, but I grew impatient, and Mr. Haswell having settled my account, and packed up my things, I was put in the stage, and though very cold, I stood the journey tolerably well to Vergennes, the only city in the state of Vermont' I left Burlington about two o'clock, A. M. and arrived at Vergennes about break- fast time, so that I had no opportunity of seeing the coun- try. WERGENNES. The stage stopped at a tavern kept by one Johnson. A young man (the brother of Mrs. Thomas, my landlady at Burlington,) was doubtless sent on by Thomas to see how I got on, as he (Thomas) owned the line. When the stage stopped at the door, this fellowjumped out and ran into the house, and never offered to help me out or to pro- cure any one else to do it. The driver did the same. 48 WE. I. GRNNES. After awhile, Johnson, a black, meagre fellow, Game out, opened the stage door and peeped in. Thinking he came to help me out, I told him I was lame, and that he would have to get assistance. He turned offshort and said “he could not stand there all day, he must attend to his cus. tomers, and went into the house! I sat or lay rather (be. ing unable to sit up) in the cold about a quarter of an hour. At length the driver came out and asked if I were mo: “going to git out of the stage?” I told him I could not walk, which he well knew, and must be lifted out; “then you may stay where you are,” said the Puffian, “I shall drive the coach to the stable! There were several men, who seemed to be strangers, standing in the porch, and hearing the language of this in- human brute, they came and carried me into the house, nearly stiff with cold. These are people who rob the poor to convert the hea- then. Thus was I treated by the driver of Thomas's line, and the young fellow, a hopeful convert, doubtless, was the cause of it. Though to do Thomas justice I be. lieve he sent the young man on to see that I was taken care of by the driver. - The men sat me in a chair by the stove and went out; and there I sat in infinite pain from my position, for half an hour, without the least notice from Johnson or any one about the house. A girl came into the room once, I told her to bring me a cup of coffee, and tell the landlord to come to me, but she went off and I saw no more of her. By this time, from the heat of the room, want of mour- ishment, and the pain of my wound, I was near fainting. Observing a door at one end of the room which appeared to open into another room, where I heard the sound of voices, by the aid of the chair I got to the door and opened it. It opened into the bar-room, where I saw several people, and amongst them a very handsome boy of twelve years of age. I beckoned to him, and he came to me instantly. I desired him to go for a doctor as quick as possible. He appeared very willing to go, but while I was speaking to him, Lieut. Washington, of the U. S. V ERGENNES. 49 ad saluted me. He directed the boy to go for a Doctor, and then brought me a cup of coffee; * er which he ordered a room, bed, breakfast, and eye"y thing my situation required, to be got ready. If he never did another good act in his life, this alone ought to - lize him. "... soon came and after he had dressed the wound. I was put to bed in a very comfortable room, and my friend, the little boy, a most amiable youth, was my con- stant friend and attendant. He was constantly coming in to keep up the fire, and see what I wanted; he was the landlord’s son, - The doctor, a very kind gentlemanly man, after seeing . me comfortably disposed, went out and brought in several gentlemen, all of whom had heard of me. These offered everything in their power, and to serve me in the hour of need, bought several of my books. The doctor, whose name (if I mistake not) was Brush, brought me a bundle of newspapers, and being a mason, nothing could exceed his kindness, - Amongst the first to call on me was my friend Captain Seymore, of the Lady Clinton, Vergennes being his place of residence. The meeting was joyful on both sides.” The names of the other gentlemen were Messrs. Bar- num, White, and several others. But it is impossible to describe the attention and pro- found respect of the landlord, when he saw the gentlemen pouring in to see me, though the brute would have suffer- ed me to die, had no person came near me; and yet these hypocrites ransack the world under pretence of con- verting the heathen! But what are we to think of Mrs. Thomas, as the land. lord fairly confessed he would have paid more attention to me, had it not been for the young man, her brother. What the young man told him he would not confess. Now army, came in a *Lieut. Washington, whom I had seen in Washington city, being upon business of the government, after seeing my friends around me and charging the landlord to let me want for nothing, at his peril, toº. a kind leave of me and departed. But had he not providentially call- edin, I should, in all probability, have perished at this place. 5 Vol. III. 50 W. El:GENNES. this ruflian was, doubtless, sent by Thomas to see that got on safe through his line; for the best of reasons, his own interest. I had been confined at his house—l stole away from my friends in the night, one of the coldest we had, and had any accident happened, he would have been highly censured, and his friend, Hecock, would have come in for his share of the blame. But his wife, it was, doubt. less, “a good sound Presbyterian,” who frustrated his ar. rangements, and persuaded the brute to act as he did. In stead of attending to me himself, he instigated the dri. ver, his brother monster, to a deed of cruelty, which even Hecock himself would have shrunk from. Thus a wo. man, (for it must have been no ºther) when she is badly disposed, is the greatest monster under Heaven. This conduct of the driver, and Mrs. Thomas’s brother, was never exceeded by any heathem. Now why do not these missionaries convert those savages under their noses. My arrangements for getting on to Washington, where my Black book was in press, were to travel by easy sta. ges, say twelve or fifteen miles per day, and then rest day or two and have my wound attended; and as I coul not sit up, I laid upon the seat of the coach, wrapped up in blankets and Buffalo robes, and at the end of every stage I was compelled to have a surgeon first, and then go tº bed, being unable to endure the pain. Vergennes, as I have observed, is the only city in Ver mont; like the rest of the New England states, their town are governed by select men. Vergennes has no churches and but one public building, formerly a state house, b this is now used as a house for worship, city meeting and mayor's courts. The city contains upwards of 100 inhabitants. Vergennes is a very old looking town, but is the centre of much business, and enjoys great advantages It stands at the head of navigation, on Otter river. Otte river is the longest stream in Vermont; it originates i. Mount Tabor, and empties into lake Champlain. It is may igable for the largest vessels on the lake, to Vergennes from which it is distant eight miles. The navigation is here interrupted by falls, which give rise to a great num ber of mills, and manufactories. Here are grist-mills, saw JOURNEY TO MIADD LEBURY. 51 mills, three woollen factories, one marble factory, and one patent fence factory, besides air furnaces, blast ſurna- ces, &c. . - During the late war, one hundred and seventy-seven tons of cannon-shot were cast here. Also the flotilla, commanded by the brave McDonough, which captured the British fleet at Plattsburg, was fitted out here, and some of our largest steamboats are built at this city. The land, so far as I was able to see from the road, and around Vergennes, is level and rich, and the timber simi- lar to that of New-York; besides the sugar maple which abounds throughout Vermont. We have likewise a fine view of the Green mountains which run parallel with the road. The citizens of Vergennes are very different from any I had seen in the state, being much more enlightened and polite. JOURNEY TO MIDDLEBURY. After resting a day at Vergennes, I pursued my route to Middlebury, the next town of any note. The day was clear, though very cold, but the country was delightful, and the prospect of the Green mountains, which kept pace with the road, was bewitching. Cold as the day was, I kept up the curtains on all sides, to view the beauty of the Country. - - I was greatly amused this day by a raw Jonathan, who travelled behind us on a blazed-faced sorrel horse. The figure of Jonathan and the gate of his horse, which was a hard trot, was really amusing. He had a pair of new leather shoes in his hand, and a wallet tied behind him. His dress, and the trappings of his horse, were in perfect Accordange; and let the stage drive fast or slow, Jonathan kept up, his hat flapping up and down to the tune of the trot. Now and then we would leave him out of sight, but, when we least expected it, Jonathan would appear at the end of a long reach. Thus he continued to amuse 52 MIDI) LEBURY. us nearly the whole way to Middlebury. The land from Vergennes to Middlebury is a smooth plain, and the soil fertile. The farms, however, and houses, are small. - MIDDH.EBURY is thirty-three miles from Burlington, likewise on Ot- ter river. So I had advanced thirty-three miles in three days. The kindness and hospitality of Middlebury ought to redeem the character of Wt, from the slur it will forever retain from the pious snags. When the stage drove up to the door of the stage-house, a very genteel, friendly looking man, came out, and learning my name, and situa- tion, procured assistance, and conveyed me into the house. Their mode of carrying me was thus, at all places, both from the stage and to my chamber. I was usually set in a chair, and two strong men taking hold of the chair on each side, carried me between them. The first thing I did, after being set down, was to send for a doctor, wishing always, that he should see me conveyed to my room. The doctor soon came, a mason of course as I would have none other to attend me. He was a ver excellent man, and led the way to the room. My kin friend, who first came to me, being one who carried me on the chair, up to the third story! It being court wee at Middlebury, the court sitting in the town, on accoun of the cold weather, there was no other alternative The house was a large elegant brick building, and th rooms splendid. My treatment in Burlington had long reached Middle- hury, and as it ought, had excited much indignation; every one, therefore, at the tavern, was all rush and curiosity to see me, and render me every attention my situation re- quired. My kind friend, who first came to the stage, assist me out, was no other than the stage agent, who de- voted his whole time to me, during my stay at Middle- t Mºnoplebury. 5.3 bury. This amiable man was continually coming up twº pair of stairs, and bringing in those gentlemen who wished to pay to me their respects. - But his kindness did not end here, he took my subscrip- tion book down stairs and obtained a number of subscri- bers, and would then return to me with the money, and take the books to the gentlemen; this was better than breaking my bones; he obtained from 12 to 15 dollars for me, in a few minutes, and neglected every thing, to at- tend to me, while I remained at Middlebury. He was a stout man, of genteel appearance; I took his card, but have unfortunately lost it; may he meet his reward. The landlord, a Bostonian, was a perfect gentleman, and though he and his wife, were very unwell, they often walked in to see me; they were young, beautiful and ac- complished, though both were afflicted with sore eyes. The pleasure and attention I enjoyed at this house, I shall never forget. I am truly sorry I have forgotten the name of the landlord, though I think it is Seymore. He is a most amiable man, and keeps a first rate house. The gentlemen who honored me with their patronage at Middlebury, are Messrs. S Haights, of Monkton, Geo. Chipman, a descendant of the man who felled the first tree in Middlebury; Hon. Joseph Sargeant, Hon. Richd. Skin- ner, Philip C. Tucker, Ozias Seymore, Harvey Mur- mill, James H. Haley, Saml. B. Fillmore, J. W. Carson, and Daniel S. Patton, Esqrs. Middlebury is the seat of a very reputable Semi- nary, called Middlebury College. Having seen neither professors not students, Imerely suppose Middlebury co- lege entitled to the fame it bears from the manners of the inhabitants, doubtless, along way in the van of any part I have seen in Vermont. This college was founded in 1800. The faculty consists of a President, four pro- ſessors, a Tutor and Librarian. I am sorry I cannot say anything further of the college, as I was not able to see it excepting the exterior of the building, which is large and splendid. It is said to contain forty three rooms ſº students, and a library of 1500 volumes. The name of the Presidentis Rev. Joshua Bates, S. T. h. º º 54 MIDDLEBURY. Besides the college buildings, Middlebury contains a court house, a jail, three churches, several mills, two co- ton factories, fifteen power looms, several manufactories of iron. Various other articles are manufactured at Middlebury. The population of the village is upwards of 1500. It is situated on both sides of Otter river, which affords the best water privileges at this place, in the . and the citizens are enterprising, hospitable and polite. - History. In 1766, Col. John Chipman and a colored man, chop- ped a few trees in the south part of the town; at this time there were no dwelling-houses in the state, on the west side of the mountains, north of Manchester, distant from Middlebury 60 miles. After this Col. C. returned to Connecticut, of which he was a citizen, and never re- turned until seven years afterwards, when accompanied by Hon Gamaliel Painter, effected a settlement. Benja- min Smallery, however, built the first house (of logs) in Middlebury, on the west bank of Middlebury river, upon an Indian encampment. Upon this spot are found various articles of Indian manufacture, such as arrows, hammers, &c. some being made of flint, and others of Jasper. A pot composed of clay and sand, of curious workmanship. holding about 20 quarts, has recently been dug up at this place, nearly entire. - Only seven families settled the first year, in Middle- bury. Three years afterwards, they all, except one fam- ily, left the town, and did not return till the end of the revolutionary war. There is marble of a good quality, found in Middlebury. At Middlebury I had the pleasure of meeting with my friend, the amiable Mr. Upham, of Montpelier; he came to the court, then sitting, to attend to the duties of his profession; he was no ways behind the citizens of Mid- dlebury, in expressing his indignation, at the usage I met with from the missionaries, I dare say it will set him against missionaries forever, CASTLETON. 55 After spending one day at Middlebury, I proceeded in the stage to Castleton. It gave me much pain to part with those amiable people, and much to the honor of the landlord, he would not receive one cent, neither would the doctor, a most kind and worthy man, whose name, I am sorry to say I have lost. - Had I not fell amongst the Goths, I had intended to visit Rutland and Bennington; but that scheme being ren- dered almost impossible, I took the nearest route to Al- bany, and thence to Washington city, where my Black book was in press. CASTLETON. The stage arrived at Castleton a little before night, where I was immediately put to bed, after having my wound dressed. There is a medical academy kept at Castleton, at the head of which, as a medical man, stands doctor T. Woodward. I had heard of him at Middlebury, and he was recommended to me by the physician who attended me there: the moment I was taken out of the coach, I sent for Dr. Woodward; there being no chambers in the lower floor in New England, I therefore being apprised of the tricks of those missionaries, took care to be always provided with a surgeon, in case of another attack, accident or other mischance. Doctor Woodward soon came; hearing a lady had arrived with a broken limb; he expected no less than forty or fifty dollars at least. He soon had me removed up-stairs, and after ex- amining the wound, went off and returned in a few min- utes with dressings, and a yard of flannel, of a more sub- stantial texture than any hitherto applied, the bandages all being made of flannel. - The doctor was one of your well informed, good, easy gentlemen, who thought, looked and spoke like other folks. He was quite a young man; hardly what could be called middle-aged. He was of middling size, with a round, plump, handsome face, and very soft, insinuating 56 CASTLETON. black eye. His smile and countenance, like his eye, was irresistible, being at once the finest in nature. All this was very fine, he did not like the bandages on the wound, they were too narrow, and taking his seat in front of me, with one of his wise Esculapean reconoiters, he took a long look at the wound, turning his learned head from one side to the other, to ascertain wherein the defectlay, for default in treatment, or surgical operation, there certainly was. I had ruined the man at first, by telling him that I was referred to him as a man of superior judgment; he therefore, after looking scientifically profound, in a long thoughtful mood; running his hand occasionally over the curves, cones, and geometrical superfices of the limb; bearing rather unfriendly upon the sharp corners of the fractured bones, delivered himself with great gravity, nearly as follows—“Madam, it appears that you have had a contusion, which has dislocated your ancle, fractured the larger bone of your leg, in other words, the bone has been split, the smaller bone has been broke just above the ancle, your knee has been badly sprained, and the flesh much bruised, and your ancle has not been properly set, and if you are not careful, and have proper and skil- ful attention, you will not be able to walk for some time.” All this I knew before, and after bathing it in warm wa- ter, which I had ordered myself, he rolled it up in flan- nel, after which Ilay down, ſought to have said he rubbed the limb with linement. I then mentioned to the doctor, that in consequence of my misfortune, I was unable to wait on the people of the town for their patronage, and as he appeared to be emi- ment in the place, I would esteem it a favor of him to bring in any of his friends, that my expenses being great from the small progress I made in my journey, and the accident having occurred in his state, would doubtlessen- list the sympathy of the citizens, if there were any in the place. “Any of your friends, sir, doubtless they will not need to be urged.” I took care to mentiºn the kindness .*Thompsons Gazeteer. CAST LETON. 57 met with in Middlebury and Vergennes. He said he would see them in the course of the evening, or would in the morning. He called again in the morning, and left me a bottle of linement, and immediately withdrew, I thought to bring in his friends, but from that day, to the present I have seen neither him nor his friends. Having understood that the father of Mr. Langdon, of Burlington, lived in Castleton, I addressed a note to him; in the course of the day, he called, but that was all; I made the same ap- peal to him that I had to the doctor, to no better effect, this I did not wonder at, as he was a deep-died blueskin; but I expected more generosity from the doctor. Castleton is a very handsome village, situated on Cas- tleton river, a beautiful stream; my bed being placed be- fore a window, which commanded a view of the stream, I strove to beguile the pain. I suffered, by resting my eye, occasionally upon the river, and the very few houses my limited opportunity afforded. The scenery too, was rich and picturesque. But what signifies silver streams and beautiful landscapes, when the people who inhabit them, have neither the heart nor soul to enjoy them. Without taste or feeling, the wild beast who roams the forest, in as much as he fulfils the part for which he was intended by the creator, is more rational and greatly su- perior to those two-legged brutes. The people of Bur- lington to be sure, mean to a proverb, the name of Goth, or town of snags will doubtless stick to them to latest posterity; yet there were some good people in it—seve- ral honorable exceptions. But in Castleton, all were alike emphatically meant what is the cause of this? there must be some cause that a whole community should be-, have so consumately savage, I beg the savages' pardon, mean brutish, as we have many instances of savage hos. pitality. I presume the reader, by this time guesses right-they are all Presbyterians, Orthodox blueskins, that is Sunday-school, tract, bible and missionary people— the name missionary, is enough, it has now become a name of terror and abhorrence. Had those monsters of hypocrisy had as much humanity as the savages they 58 CASTLETON. pretend to convert, or even of common robbers, knowing as they did, that I was far from my home and friends, unable to lie down or rise up, without help, with a long journey before me, in the dead of winter, and thinly clad, with very limited means, they would at least have called and sympathised with me in my misfortunes—not one came near me, but those I sent for, in particular, and they might as well not. Now who will dare to call these people christians! what can the elder Mr. Langdom, who pretends to the shape and figure of a man—let me ask him what he thinks of such conduct? But what he thinks of his brother brutes is nothing, what must the Almighty and Saviour of the world think of such a vile prostitution of the christian religion? Yet these people hold bible and other meetings sixteen times per week. Oh shame where is thy blush. I do not blame the robbers, however, hard- ly at all, but I blame those who are robbed. - But the cream is to come yet—Castleton is the seat of a medical college, and all the students are pious, godly men, so that they can heal both body and soul. This is an advantage they could not acquire in every town, and 1 would advise all parents to send their sons to Castleton Besides the knowledge of medicine and saving souls, they will acquire the knowledge of charity, hospitality and politeness, as perfectly as though they had taken lessons from the Pink himself. Castleton sits on a level plain, surrounded with hills and mountains, it lies principally upon one street, and has some very handsome buildings. It has but one church, orthodox of course, over which one Elihu presides. The Vermont academy of medicine, consists of two buildings, and one building for the Rutland grammar school, (a very scientific plan) all hopeful converts. At the head of the academy of medicine, stands or sits (most likely) William Dudley, M.D. of Hartford, Con, doubtless true blue, five Professors, (of whom doctor Woodward is one) and a lecturer. Hope he will lecture on politeness. It is said to have 100 students. It is connected with Middlebury college. In looking over the history of Castleton, I see there was a great revival some time back, when thirty- Joukº EY TO POULTNEY. 59 two hopeful converts were added to the church; and a little before that, there was a remarkable revival. The literature of the state must be flourishing indeed, when such stuff as this forms a part of its science, a squaw would speak more judiciously. I presume it must have been revival-times, when I called there. The whole town contains about 1550 inhabitants. HISTORY. Castleton was settled in 1769, by Col. Lee, and Bird, Messrs. Buel, Bartholomew and Remington. It was once the seat of courage, bravery and patriotism which rank high in the pages of history. A monument perpetuates the name of Col. Bird; and Col. Lee, after sharing in the dangers and the honors of his country, to shake off the British yoke, still survives, aged 80 years. JOURNEW TO POULTNEY. On the 2d day of my arrival at Castleton, the stage called for me after dark to convey me to the next town, Poultney, a few miles distant, where I designed to rest another day, being still unable to continue on the road. While I was sitting in the chair, upon which I had been brought down stairs in order to settle my bill, the land- lord presented a bill from doctor Woodward, of one dol. lar! This, to be sure was not high, but as it was the first time I was charged by any physician, even in the land of the Goths, I was equally shocked and surprised, I hand- ed to the man the bottle of medicine I had received from Dr. Woodward, also the money for the flannel and desired him to present them to the doctor, and left him a book as an equivolent for his attendance. If the doctor has a blush left, this exposure of his meanness must call it up, and I would suppose the conduct of his fellow citizens might heighten the tinge. The unfeeling landlord too. 60 POULTNEY. give the finishing stroke to the character of the citizens of Castleton, charged me a very exorbitant bill—so goes on the land of snags, It was very dark when I got into the stage, in which I suffered every species of indignity and insult from two low ruffians in the stage, before I arrived at the stage house in POULTNEy. It was usually some time before I could be got out of the stages, and these ruffians who were from Canada, see- ing I had trunks, and was altogether helpless, after at- tempting to rob me in the stage, (but were prevented by the driver) went into the house before me and made a false report respecting me, the particulars of which I never learned. What ever it was, it had prepossessed the landlord strongly against me, so that when I requested to be carried to a room and put to bed, why aint you going on with your friends, said the landlord. I had previously, however, inquired for an officer to arrest the men, but the landlord was too much of a ruflian himself, to aid in apprehending them, and was doubtless, one of the gang. I told him I was not, that were I able to go, I would not travel with robbers, and I should have him apprehended as their accomplice, if he gave me any of his insolence. You can’t stay here, said the brute, my rooms are full, you must go on in the stage, giving me a look of insolent contempt, “You ruſſian, I order you, I command you to prepare me a room this instant, my life is in danger from sitting so long,” and I showed him my wound at the same time. There is no bed for you, said the ruffian. The Canadians hearing I was about to apprehend them, had withdrawn out of the house, and the pain of my wound and sickness from the heat of the fire, so com- pletely overcame me, that I could endure it no longer, and was in the act of preparing to lie down on the floor, when a very kind looking woman came to me, and finding POULTN EY. 6] was unable to walk, called two men and had me carried upstairs, to a very comfortable room; she was the friend of the landlord’s wife, who was herself confined, and hearing the substance of the story, doubtless, interposed. The landlord himself, was very sorry afterwards, when he discovered I was not the person he took me to be, or at least he pretended sorrow, and apologized for his con- duct next day. He said he “took me for some poor wo: man who was to be left upon his hands.” See the COll- sequence of priestgraft in other words the missionary societies, an entire subversion, not only of the christian religion, but even the humanity of heathens. It is need- less to remark, after what has been said, that it is dan- gerous to travel where these missionaries have influence. These people must have read the article of Col. Stone and Dwight, to a certainty—those good sound Presbyte- hºlans. In justice to the landlord, I was never better attended at any house on the road; his domestics excelled in ten- derness, and unremitting attention; and his bill was very low. From this I suspect it was not revival time with him. - Poullney is the last town on my route in the state of Vermont, being near the New-York line. It is situated on Poultney river, upon which there are several mills— there is another village in the town. The one I stopped at is the residence of my old acquaintance and friend, the Hon. Mallary, member of Congress. I saw his house near the tavern, and to my misfortune he was absent in Congress, at Washington, or, doubtless, he would have paid his respects, and have welcomed me to his town. A masonic funeral took place on the day I spent at Poultney; the procession proceeded from the tavern where I put up, and being helped to the window, I was much gratified at the beauty and grandeur of the order. The procession was very numerous, there being ma masons in Vermont, as well as most of the New £ng. states. The day, however, was very unfavorable as: showed during the time. - 6 Vol. Uſ. -- 62 SUMMAlly 6) F W ERMONº. HISTORY. Poultney was settled in 1771, by Messrs. T. Ashly. and E. Allen. SUMMARY OF VERMONº. About to take leave of Vermont, I have little more to add, which I lament the more, as I found many kind peo. ple in the state. It has already been seen that they are far in the rear (in literature) of the other New England states, and, doubtless, will never overtake them. Com- merce, which tends to civilize mankind, is very limited in Vermont, being remote from the seaboard, it never will arrive at any degree of wealth; and though they have new modeled their system of education, it will be some- time before the people, if ever, can shake off the yoke of tyrannical priests. At present, it is a perfect clerical government, and the mass of the people involved in monk. ish ignorance. These are a savage, fierce looking people, who have no more idea of the religion they profess, than wild beasts, and are much more dangerous. Those wolves in sheep's clothing, who have misled this once brave people, will have much to answer at the great day of accounts. Vermont trades with Montreal, Quebec, Boston, and New-York. Its exports are lumber, pot and pear ashes, horses, caſtle, pork, sheep, butter, cheese, grain, clover seed, marble, &c. A great quantity of mas ple sugar is made throughout the state, supposed annually to amount to 6,000,000 of pounds. The sugar is princi. pally made by men, and not by women, as in the western states. The climate of Vermont is very cold, but very pure, healthy, and the people though not so large as has been Represented, are stout, and have fine complexions. The women are much larger in proportion than the men. and are well shaped, and many of them are beautiful. Most of them tree the word guess, as in the other New- ADVENTURE. 63 England states, and like them, they are very industrious and sober. The women are very neat in their houses, furniture, and dress. I have now been through the whole of the New-England states, and in my whole travels I never saw a slut of any description, unless it was a foreigner; on the contrary, they are meat to a proverb. The men of Vermont are much better informed than the women. This I presume is because the latter are more under the influence of the priests. The whole state is laid off into school districts, and supports upwards of 1700 schools; these, however, have just gone into operation. There are very few peo- ple in Vermont that can be called wealthy, and still ſewer, that can be called hospitable. There are very few Unita- rians or Universalists in Wermont; the snags keep them away. - About two o'clock, A. M. the third day, I departed from Poultney. - ADVENTURE. I ought to have stated that those ill-looking men, who I was told were Canadians, mentioned a few pages back, were not in the stage when I got in at Castleton. The driver took them in a little way from Castleton, at an ill-looking tippling-house, and my opinion is, that the dri- ver, though he interfered in my behalf, (from the perem- tory manner I assumed) was in the habit of conveying those fellows gratis, as their names were not on the way- bill. The line, on this part of the route, is infested with robbers, counterfeiters, and outlaws, who hang upon the borders of both states, so that they may evade justice by escaping readily over the line of either state, as emergen- ey may compel them. I am satisfied this driver was an accomplice, from the conversation I overheard between him and the men alluded to in the tavern, before they got into the stage; the purport of which was that had there 64 A lºw E. Nº URE. been more company in the stage he would not have taken them in; for I heard him say, “come along, there is no one in but an old lame woman.” We had proceeded only a few miles, when two men from a mean looking tavern, entered the stage, which to my astonishment, proved to be the same men of whom have just spoken. As there were three others, though rough looking men, in the stage, who came with me from Poultney, I was not much alarmed; but a very few min- utes convinced me that they belonged to the same gang. though better dressed, and more intelligent. Had I been cowardly, I should, doubtless, have ſallen a sacrifice this day, though I had not fifty dollars worth about me, cash inclusive. “Well old hag,” said one of the ruſſians, “we waited for you.” I appealed for protection to those men who came with me from Poultney, but an interchange of grins with each other was all I obtained from them. I then perceived they were known to each other, and re- peated aloud, “robbers—stop driver, stop, I will not tra. vel with robbers!” The driver scarcely returned me an answer, when I cried out in a sharper tone that I would have him and the whole of them arrested, at the first house I came to. This quieted them a few minutes, but being armed with impudence and gin, and bent on carrying their point, they began again, when pushing the door of the stage open, I cried aloud to the people in the road to stop the stage, that it was full of robbers, and my life was in danger. The driver then stopped and offered to help me out. The robbers, as they doubtless were, then apolo- gized, and promised to behave well if I would remain in the stage. The driver also pledged his word of honor" that I should not be molested (a great favor indeed) if remained in the stage. Finding I had the power to awe them at pleasure, I sat still. But as they were full-blood: ed ruſſians, they soon began again, blackguarding, and singing lewd songs, or attempted to do so, when I opened the door again, and called aloud to the driver to stop. The driver, as he was now drawing near the stage-of- *Honor amongst thieves, Any W ENTU in F. 65 flee, began to dread consequences, (as he well might) and spoke very sharply to the men, who kept their peace the balance of the way to Salem, N. Y. where I was con- strained, from infinite pain, again to stop about breakfast time—though I should have stopped eventually. One would have thought that the measure of my woes and mishaps would have ended the moment I set foot in New York, and indeed, it would puzzle the most fertile imagination to conceive a picture of violence and cruelty, more highly finished than the one represented in Burling- ton inclusive to Salem, and yet any possible words in any possible language, is inadequate to DEPICT the scene of brutality, and inhuman barbarity that awaited me in Sa- lem! In the first place, the day was one of the coldest I ever experienced. But I bore it, and the insolence of colder men, patiently expecting my sufferings would end with my journey, in the land of snags, and my heart beat with pleasure, when the driver informed me I was in the state of New York. But my pleasure was short lived, and nothing but my backwoods-independence saved my life. When the driver stopped at the door of the stage- house in Salem, a spare shrunken shrimp with a smile (at seeing so many for breakfast, doubtless) came out, and with the assistance of the driver, very promptly conveyed me into a stove-room. I told him to have me a room prepared, send for a doctor, and order me a cup of coffee as quick as possible. He went off, but neither coffee nor doctor did I see. From the crowd in the stage (it being a small one) I had been compelled to sit upright on the seat, and the pain from my position, was dreadful. This, and the sudden transition from the cold, to a very warm room, and want of food, and being still in an upright p0S- ture, a faintish sickness succeeded, so that it was with the greatest difficulty I kept from falling. During the ºne, a servant woman opened the door and looked in; , begged her to bring me a cup of coffee, or I should faint, that I was very sick; she went off but never returned Some time after this the landlord, the same shrimp came * With an altered countenance, and walking round me eyed me with a º of insolent contempt. It was º k 66 - ADVENTURE. dent from his long absence, and his lowering look, I had again been misrepresented by the robbers. I asked him “why he did not bring me a cup of coffee, order break- fast, and why he did not, as I requested, bring me a doc- for to dress my wound.” “I have nobody to send,” said. the ruffian: “you cant stay here you must go on in the stage.” “I will not go in the stage.” I replied, warmly “you ruffian, would you suffer me to go withoutbreakfast." “Yes, you get no breakfast here, the stage is going, so get up and march out of the house!” he might as well have told the dead to march. “Begone you ruffian, how dare you speak to a human being in that manner' you vile savage, go and bring me a carriage, I will not stay in your house.” “I might go for a carriage myself”—“do you not see, you monster, I am not able to walk.” He then left me, and in a few minutes he returned and setting the door wide open, waved his hand towards the stage, it being then at the door. “Get up and walk out,” said the Shylock, “and get in the stage; If you don't, I will throw you out.” This at first set me to laughing—but a length assuming a determined tone, I replied, “lay your ſinger on me if you dare, monster as you are; I dare you to touch me, you wild beast: you keep a sign, and have sworn to entertain travellers—I order you, I command you at your peril to go and bring me a cup of coffee, in- stantly, or I will have you fined and divest you of you! Hicense.” The stage was still standing at the door, and lest the ruſſian might lay hands on me and put me into the stage, that I might not fall a prey to the robbers. with the assistance of the chair, I got to a window which overlooked the street, with a view of alarming the inhabi. tants, for I would have died before I would have gone with the robbers in the stage, and was resolved to risk my life—accordingly I tried to raise the sash, which like its owner, proved unyielding. I therefore knocked a pane out of the window, and made Salem ring with the words “robbers and murder.” This brought in some gentlemen of the town, who were in the bar-room, tº whom I made my name and situation known, but nearly at the same instant the stage drove off and the landlord SAſ, EM, N. Y., 67 entered, followed by a servant with a cup of coffee. I accused him before the gentlemen, and related the whole of his barbarous conduct. If ever the gallows was seen in a human face it was in his; when he heard the gentle- men assure me of their protection, he slunk out of the room like an egg-sucking dog, and I never saw the thief of thieves but once afterwards. Every one will have some curiosity to know the sect and country of such a distinguished character—then he is one of doctor Ely's “good sound Presbyterians;” and his country, the land of blue-laws, old Connecticut. Now it is such men as he and Hecock of Burlington, that doctor Ely wants, for his ruler, and judge, and president. I presume he would not object to be one of them himself; may he meet with the fate of Haman first, as doubtless he will. It is shameful that human nature should become so degraded by a tyran- nical priesthood. What good have these missionary socie- ties done? the whole country sinking into barbarism, and no one can be found of sufficient independence to make a stand against them. If ever the matter is decided by arms, (and there seems to be no other remedy) my opin- ion is that every Presbyterian hostile to our liberty, will be exterminated, as there is no safety where they are. I hope however, the people will open their eyes to their danger, and adopt measures to counteract this dangerous sect. Now which of the heathen nations could have acted more brutally than this savage and his brother ruffian of Burlington? Is there anything like the christian reli- gion in their conduct? What an example this is! take warning people of America before it be too late. I proposed to the gentlemen, (there were two of them) to send for a carriage and have me taken to another house, and to have the aid of a doctor as quick as possible. But they proposed in their turn that I should remain where I was, that they would be responsible for the landlord, and would themselves see that I had the necessary atten: tion: “you have alarmed him so much Mrs. R. that we will answer for him, he will be glad to get off so well.” Meantime they had a fire made in my chamber, and saw me conveyed to it before they left me—breakfast was 68 SALEM. likewise sent up quickly. Meanwhile they went out and brought in a doctor, and several of the first gentlemen in the place. They were all masons, and they informed me the landlord was one—if he were, he ought to be branded on the forehead, and Morganized to boot. It is needless to say that I wanted for no comfort my situation required, while I remained at Salem. The landlady, a most amiable woman, came into my room, and expressed much regret at the treatment I had received in her house. She could not hold her head up for shame, and made many apologies for her husband. I saw how- ever that she was the victim of her brutish husband, as she appeared to speak in a suppressed voice. She con- tinued in my room some time, when her tyrannical lord came to the outside of the door, and in a snarling tone told her to “come down, the children wanted her”—the Hessian. Her little daughter, however, an amiable and handsome little girl, about 13 years of age, was constantly in my room. I am so unfortunate, from my situation a that time, as to have lost the names of those worthy gen- tlemen who came so seasonably to my relief in Salem– their kindness is deeply engraven on my heart—I shall ever remember them and Salem The landlord was doubtless influenced by the ruffians of the stage, which reflects still less honor upon him and his house, which are doubtless, devoted to this sort of outlaws, whose calling is evident from their looks, and coarse manners; and this is E. Young's line for all ſermont, and other high sounding names—he ought to be sent to the workhouse for keeping such drivers, who suffer fe- males to be insulted—and as for those counterfeiting gen- try, who travel the road by the dozen, their title to the honor is not disputed. This kind of people have travelled the road so much. that between them and the missionaries, the tavernkeep- ers imbibing their manners and principles, are alike for midable, so that it is absolutely unsafe, either in the stage or the taverns. Speaking of taverns, Maj. Kelsey’s and the one at St. Johnsbury, that I stopped atin Middlebury, and my friends JOURNEY. 69. of Waterford, are all I saw in Vermont, that I dare recom- mend. Without learning politeness or discernment- thick skulled ignoramuses, who just know a tract from a gill of gin. These ruſſians in the pay and supported by a banditti, who form a chain from Canada to Albany, and thence to New York, accustomed to no other society, and doubtless, drivers, proprietors, and all, coming in for snacks, are all equally hostile to travellers. I have no hesitation in saying that nothing but my independence saved me from being thrown into the stage at Salem, and at Poultney, which would have put an end to my travels forever, The next day I left the never to be forgotten Salem. I had a very pleasant journey in a sleighto Albany. There were several genteel people in the sleigh, and some that were not—but the clowns were held in awe of the for- iner. I was much amused by the frankness and oddity of an Irishwoman, who sat on the back seat with myself—she was very uncouth in her manners and appearance, but had very good sense, and was lively and comical. One of the big folks, gentleman doubtless, putting on a sort of a Bonaparte look, wished to have the seat of the Irish wo— man, for no other reason but because his clothes were finer than hers—I told him to go back and take his own seat, that we would not suffer our rights to be invaded; in fact the Irish woman was of great service to me, as I was forced to lie down. She held my head in her lap, and kept the blankets on me, with which I could not as yet dispense although there was a slight thaw this day, the first since I left Montpelier. - There were one or two Pats in the sleigh, and a young man who played himself off for the son of governor Van Ness, of Burlington: I suspected him then, and found it contradicted afterwards. He was very young to be mar- ried, though he was accompanied by a handsome genteel young lady, who appeared to be his wife, though she might have been his relative. Why he should coun- 7() JOURNEY. - terfeit any man's son I cannot conceive, as he was quite a genteel young man. The passengers having all got out at the stopping place where we changed horses, but on account of the great difficulty of getting me in and out of the sleigh, which was an old coach body, and opening only in front it was extremely difficult to get me over the seats and usually took three persons, and much time,” I therefore always declined accompanying them into the taverns, on these occasions—though to he honor of the line, and those who travel it, I very seldom had the invitation. At one place whilst the sleigh was standing in fronto the stable, and the drivers were busy in preparing the new set of horses, the lady of the house came out and opening the curtain saluted me very friendly, and asked me “if I were not cold? and would I not be carried into the stove room”—I thanked her, and observed that the trouble of removing me was so great, and the day being moderate, would remain in the sleigh till I came to the dining-house “Oh, you must get outmadam, I cannot suffer you to stay here in the cold—as soon as they told me there was disabled lady in the coach—I could not rest till I came tº have you carried in.”—I again assured her I was com: fortable, and urged the difficulty of the project. But she was determined, and calling a couple of men, she made them take me out, assisting them herself, and walking by my side to the house, which was some distance—she ha me laid on a sofa by the stove. But she was not a “soun Presbyterian,” and of course would be called a heretic iſ for nothing else her humanity to me. Now who was neighbor to her that fell amongst the thieves. A few miles from hence, we took dinner. The Irish woman and H stuck together, and finding she did not gº into the dining room to eat with the rest, but continued sit by me in the stove room, where I had ordered dinner for myself only, I called the landlord (a good natured in: Presbyterian,” Hecock of Burlington, could not have been present, " he would then see the effect of his gospel. *I have often lamented on these occasions, that, that “good sout ALBANY. - 71 telligent Dutchman) to me and asked him why he did not invite the poor woman in to dinner? He said “it is not customary at a tavern, every one went who chose so to do.” “But sir, they have money, she, I suspect, has none; would you not give her a moºse of bread? Do you believe in a Gód, or heaven, or h-l, or the stars, or the planets? what do youread in your bible?–If you are so barbarous that you will not give her, her dinner, poor as I am, I will pay you-gomadam and take your seat at the table.” She was very reluctant, but I insisted and the landlord led her in—but he would receive no compensation. I having taken fire at the idea of such inhuman conduct in a christian country—did not give the man time to reply, for he proved to be a good conditioned man in the end, and expressed much surprise and indignation at the treat- ment I received in Vermont. He took care, however, te charge me for my dinner, though he did not charge the Irish woman. This woman was from Canada, and was going to New York to see her sister, who had recently came over from Ireland. She was very sorry I was not going on to New York, she said, as she would like to have the company of so fine a lady, particularly as I would not see her suffer, or be imposed upon by the people in the stage. - We arrived in Waterford, N.Y. about dark, and it was some time in the night before we arrived in Albany, the city of stages and taverns. I put up with my friend Welsh, in Market street, and did not forget to complain to E. Young of the badness of his line “for all Vermont.” But I would have received as much satisfaction from a hog. I remained two days in Albany to recruit, and collect some debts. The Rev. Mr. Ferris, “a good sound Pres- byterian,” having refused to take my book after subscri- bing for it; I resolved (not that I cared a fig for the amount) to make him an example, and put the account into the hands of a constable—after waiting a day I called for a sleigh, and went to the market house, where these men rendezvous, and found the constable drunk, and as he had forgotten his business, I took the papers from him, tº 72 ALBANY. - put them in the hands of another constable; I could find but one more, and he was drunk! I am surprized the missionaries do not convert them. During my visit in Albany, though it was generally known I was in the city, not a friend came near me but the amiable Rev. Lacy. I felt proud of his visit, as it confirmed the opinion I formed of him at first sight, some years back. He is an Episcopalian, and though I disap. prove of the scheme they have recently adopted of tracts and “educating pious young men for the home mission;" I shall ever esteem Mr. Lacy a christian. I find that the Episcopalians have fallen into the shame. ful practice of making the gospel a merchandize—a spec- ulating business—they have also become brutish in their manners, uncharitable in their religion, and not a whit be: hind the Presbyterians in laying schemes to get money. But they are too late, the Presbyterians have taken care of that. - Now this is what we may call the opposition line. It is done they say, “in their own defence”—they are afraid of their threats, the rope, fire, and faggot. Then fight ye cowards, it would not be the first time, nor would iſ be the first, you have used fire and faggots yourselves, and I have yet to learn that the faggot of an Episcopalian has less heat, or is more merciful than a Presbyterian fag. Ot. g Other sects foreseeing danger from both these sects of clerical traitors, must strive to get up an opposition tº defend themselves, and amongst them all, where is the christian? Thrice have we fought for freedom, and thrice have vanquished our foes, and to what end? we are “ten fold more the children of hell than before, and pay more to the priesthood than we did under the British govern. ment: our religion, our boast—where is it? Turn- cd into cash, and put up smugly to elect some “good sound Presbyterian.” May we never see the day that any sect obtains power—I am for WAR, first—I would rather be shot by an hundred bullets than see one * pr hear one scream. JOU 18 NEY. 7.3 These Episcopalians have seized upon our women 19°, shame on ºur men. It is clear that they are not of the true faith, or they would not defraud silly women- never did a wo befal any land, but a priest or a woman had a hand in it—and if ever the liberty or happiness of America is endangered it will be by the clergy-because (necessity extorts it from me) they take the advantage of that partiality that women have for their sex. Can Ame- ricans submit to such shameful impositions—to see their wives, sisters and daughters, running after these fellows: devoting their whole time, and laboring for them—we have already became a laughing stock to the heathem. What man or BOY in the U. S. that has ever read a chapter in the bible, or knows right from wrong, but must know that these priests are only aiming to enslave man- kind, and that the gospel cannot be bought by money. “Wo unto you” women! “wo “unto you Scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites for ye shut up the kingdom of hea- ven against men,” and keep the women yourselves. “The female tract society will meet on Monday night”—might is their time. “The female education society will meet on Tuesday night.” The female bible society will meet on Wednesday night.” “The female Sunday school society will meet another night, and so all the nights are spent. - If these silly females would lay out their labor and money, in enlightening their minds, they would see the drift of these wolves in sheep's clothing. Thank God they have not all the women. While I remained in Albany I was attended by doctor Vandelinda, a very kind and feeling man. He happened to live convenient, and called often to see me. He also º me a bottle of limiment, and would not charge one Čent. At the end of two days I left Albany—my kind friend, Mr. Lacy, having engaged a seat in the stage at a reason- able rate; but the proprietors, Rice and Baker, pretend. ing some prior engagements, extorted another dollar; what wretches may the man who would be guilty of such an act, never º: * In fact the coach that was 01, 111, - 74. AI)Y ENTURES. engaged, left me, but upon paying another dollar, I could go, though I learned afterwards, that as the steamboats had stopped, all the lines united and charged $10 to go to New York, I only paid to Poughkeepsie where could take the steamboat. We stopped to dine at Hudson at a very good house, though not the one I usually stopped at. The lady of the tavern was very kind, and waited on me with grea tenderness. It was dark when we got to Poughkeepsie, where was put to bed in a room without a fire. This I believe was not the landlord's fault, as he was full and sent up a furnace to keep the room warm. Next day I sent for doctor, who attended with great promptness, but though I had many acquaintances in Poughkeepsie, not one of them came near me; so much for the spread of the gos pel. This was unkind. - It will be remembered that I never had a very exalted opinion of Physicians. But since my conversion tº “sound Presbyterianism,” I have changed my opinion From Burlington to Poughkeepsie, I found them, with one exception, humane and generous. Nothing enabl me to battle my way through such a den of wild beasts with the life, but the kind interference and influence 0 the doctors—so soon as they came to me every thing right. But it will not be credited that a still more ba barous scene than any that has gºne before, awaited m on my way to New York, amongst the gospel spreaders a barbarity that would make an infidel shudder. When I arrived at Poughkeepsie, I found the steam boats came up no higher than Fishkill landing, some miles below, and the stage leaving Phoughkeepsie in the might, I was stowed in with my baggage, and departed Fishkill, where I intended to take the boat, being glad to find some respite from my unpleasant way of travelling I could first see by the light of the moon that the stage was stuffed with stage-drivers, by their thick blanketover- &oats. This was confirmed by their vulgar languag AEW ENTURES. 75 and horse laughs. There was besides, one boy and a decent looking traveller, who followed us on horseback, to take the stage. .. My heart began to ache, but as I had but a few miles to go, I summoned my courage once more. At length we arrived at Fishkill, and the stage stopped some distance from the door; I was surprised at this, but I ought to have kept my surprise for what followed.— There were a number of stages in the yard, some with horses (coming from New York, I presume) and some without. If my heart ached before, it ached worse at the sight that met me at the tavern; about twenty ruffians all drunk, and drinking, cursing and blackguarding, were standing on the porch, before the door, and walking to and fro in the passage of the tavern. The men got out of the stage, and never offered to help me out. I put my head out of the window and told the driver to go and tell the landlord to come and have me taken out. He “had his horses to mind.” One of the fellows who was stan- ding on the porch came to me and said he would take me out; “do you want to get out miss? I will help you out.” “He was staggering drunk, I told him it would take two men to carry me, I was lame, and to tell the landlord to come to me. He stood there however, and . would insist upon taking me out, I told him to begone and say no more to me. He went off and calling several more of his corps returned. These surrounded the coach and addressed me in the most obscene language—sung lewd songs, and continued round the coach some time; at length one of them using language that would disgrace the halter, opened the door, and with one foot on the step was actually doming in-I mustered strength enough, however, to push him back and implored the protection of the driver—but in vain! He had by this time put fresh horses to the coach and, doubtless, intended to take me on, and at this the landlord commived, as he owned a part of the line. One of the drivers of the other stages, the only man on the place, who deserved the name, hearing a woman entreating to get out, suspecting some foul play, came up to me and learning what the matter was, being 76 ADARs to REs. a stout strong man, took me in his arms and carried me in: to the house. I wished to be taken upstairs immediately to bed. But he being a stranger in the house, sat me on a chair and went to bring the landlord to me. The land- lord, a genteel looking man, came and seemed astonished that I had waited so long, and still more that I should have been insulted. But all this I could see was feigned “Aan't you going in the stage? “No, I am not, I wish to go to bed; send some one to take me to a chamber, and have my trunks brought in.” He bustled about, and pretending great pressure of business, said “I am sorry madam you were treated rudely, I will send a servan to you directly, excuse me a moment till the stages are gone; my bar is full of strangers and I am obliged to at tend to them just now.” So little had I seen of the world, notwithstanding the futile events of my late tour; and so ignorant was I of human nature, that I was completely deceived in this man Under the disguise of an homest face, genteel manners, and a decent appearance, he concealed principles of the most consummate villainy. Shortly after he left me, a band of ruffians poured out of the Bar room, and surrounding my chair, began to address me with rude and insolent lan guage again. I was sitting in a cold passage, where had been first set down; upon looking round to see there was no friendly face, or any possible chance o escaping, I perceived a door at the back of my chair, I opened it by leaning on the chair, and keeping it befor me, I entered a decent empty parlor, lighted by a good fire and a candle, and locking the door suddenly behind me, I pushed my fortune to the fire, of which I had muc need. I now felt happy, as there was a good carpet on the floor and plenty of wood; I determined to stand a siege till morning at least, thongh I was in want of one essential article, which was water; tea I had taken at Poughkeepsie. As I expected, the mob began to thunder at the door and finding no admittance, the gang laughed and danced: at length they became silent, and I continued to sit for Adve, NTURES. 77 some time, expecting the party would disperse, and some person would come to my relief my baggage I gave up for lost. - - I was by this time, from not being accustomed to sit upright, just ready to drop from my chair, and seriously began to consider ways and means to lay my length upon the floor, when some one tapped at the door-I asked who was there, and what they wanted—“We want to see you”—I told them to begone—“A friend of yours from Washington city wishes to see you.” Thinking it might be so, and glad to hear the word friend, I slid my chair (the only friend I had found in the house) to the door, and opened it. There were several at the door who rushed intomy iminent danger, in spite of my efforts to stop them. I now put my head out of the door and calling to the land- lord in an absolute tone, asked him “if he kept open house for robbers and outlaws, that if he did not choose to fur- mish me with a room, to come instantly and turn those ruſians out, or lame as I was, at the risk of my life, I would have him arrested that night—I would raise the whole town. The landlord was deaf to my entreaty, but the young man who pretended to know me, who said he was from Washington, whether alarmed for himself or his friends, went out and took the others with him; as he went out at the door, suppressing my suspicion of him as much as possible, I called him back and appealed to his feelings to see that my baggage was taken out of the stage and brought into the room. He had not a vicious look. but was awkward and unpolished; he said he was a prin- ter in Washington, and told me his name, which I do not remember. After a few minutes my trunks camein, the waiter who brought them, asked “what other baggage I had"—I re. plied, “a large book—he went out and brought in a bun- dle of the Tennesseau, which had been opened since 1 quit the coach, and the books tumbling out. He asked “if any of them was the book?” I told him they were not, it was a large book, and requested him to put them in the bar quick, and go and search amongst the straw, in the coach, º it went off for the other. It was alarge l 78 AIDVENTURES. subscription book, which every one in the Union almost had seen. Some ladies at Poughkeepsie (the landlord's daughters) had been looking at the signatures a few min- utes before my departure, and having but ashort distance to go it was thrown into the stage. The man went of but never returned. I continued to sit some time, every now and then in terrupted by an inquiry at the door, “if I were not going in the stage.” “The stage is ready madam,” was repeat. ed several times, and, to my great astonishment, the land. lord himself walked into the parlor, with a slow dignified step, and in a tone of unequalled composure, asked “are you not going on to-night in the stage Mrs. R. I would have told him, “nor to-morrow neither.” But my body, instead of my hand being in the lion's jaws, I suppressed my indignation, and asked if he would have me carried to my woom, that I was willing, and expected to pay him, and that if he did not send somebody to me in a few minutes I should lock the door, and lie down on the carpet.” “Yes, madam,” he replied, “I am sorry to have kept you waiting so long—I had a great deal of trouble with those rough fellows, to get them off–I will go and settle with them and returnin a moment—you say you are not gohº on to-night”—I sickened at the word, but made no reply It was still some time before another ruflian came to ſhe door—“the stage is going!” Were even pirates pre- sent, they must have blushed. The sound of wheels soon proclaimed the departure of the band, and the land. lord, with an active step, and deep concern on his coun- tenance, as if for neglect of his duty, brought two men and a black chamber-maid with him, and directing the maid to go before with the candle, he told the men to ar. range themselves on each side of the chair, agreeably to my directions—“Now be careful, don't hurt the lady. §. walk cautiously, both step at once.” To the maid, “See the lady has every thing she wants.” All this was spoken in as grave, collected a tone as though he were not the prince of villains. Why were not these servants sent to me at first? ADVENTURES. - 79 From the time we stopped, till I was carried up stairs, must have been two hours at least. I wonder the mis- sionaries do not civilize this landlord. Perhaps he has no bible; hope the board will send him a bible, or a few tracts. - My trials and mishaps, we might suppose, were now at an end, at least in this house, but it is only a drop in the ocean to what follows. - The men set me down in a meat small chamber, which contained a good bed. They then withdrew, and the maid, with much seeming kindness, assisted me in pre- paring for bed. I told her to come to me early in the morning with a cup of coffee, and I would give her some- thing, and locking the door, soon forgot my cares in a sound sleep. - Finding the maid did not make her appearance in the morning, after waiting till sum up, I got up, and opening the door, called aloud to the landlord; and receiving no answer, I knocked the chair, upon which I was leaning, pretty hard upon the floor This brought up the land- lord's son, a youth nearly man grown. Having letters of importance to write that morning, I desired him to bring me some ink, pen, and paper, and in the meantime send the girl to me with a cup of coffee. It was some time before he returned with the materials; and I inquired “why he had not sent the girl?” “Is she not come yet?” said the boy. “No, she has not: will you have the goodness to send her up directly, as I am not able to dress myself.” To add to my misfortunes, H was afflicted with a pain in my right shoulder, which nearly deprived me of the use of my arm. The boy went off; and wrapping the bed-clothes around me, I wrote my letters, and sealed them; but neither girl nor coffee appeared. I now began to perceive the drift of the land- lord, which was to keep me there against my will, till the steam-boat should depart, and at length compel me to take the stage. But he reckoned without his host: He still, however, had much in his power, as the river, or Fishkill landing, where the steam-boat lay, was four miles from Fishkī, - 80 ADVENTURES. where I then was, The day was fast advancing; I had no breakfast; and how to get down stairs, or even if that were effected, how was I, without the aid of the landlord, to procure a conveyance to the river. Trusting to my God, and the resources with which he had so bountifully supplied me, I hauled on my clothes, and by leaning on the chair, I made my way good, to the head of the stairs; and, lest they should resort to some measures to defeat my purpose, I set away the chair, and crawled down stairs at the risk of my life. I gained the bottom after a long time; but what was to be done now? No chair being convenient by which I could, in some fashion, move across a room, I sat down upon the bottom step, to await chances. There was a door in front, and one in rear; both open. I kept my eye principally, however, upon the street door, determined to call for assistance, to the first person I saw passing Meantime, I heard people talking and rattling plates, and knives, and forks, in the next room; and calling out, the young man came out, and appeared much astonished to find me down stairs. I desired him to hand me a chair; and as it was evident he was opposed to giving me break- fast, to have me a hack or some sort of conveyance pre- pared immediately, to take me to the river. He stepped off with a sneer, and I saw no more of him. I was within reach of the same parlor door, which afforded me shelter the previous night; and turning the bolt, I pushed the door open, and catching hold of the door cheek, I raised myself on the well foot, and luckily found a chair within reach. I was now quite happy; and my wrongs inspir- ing courage, I began my journey toward the street door, assisted by the chair. When I got about half way, I was compelled to sit down and rest. The family, hearing the sound of the chair, came forth from their hiding places: and first one, (black and white) and then another would open the door and peep at me, and shut it again. The boy so often mentioned, walked through the passage slowly, to ascertain my object doubtless. I asked him what had become of the landlord. “He is gone out;” said the boy. At this moment, my eye being turned toward the back ADVENTURES. 81 door, I saw the landlord peeping at me from behind a house or shed, which stood in the yard. Finding no hopes, I resumed my journey to the door, and, began to make the village ring; when a man came running to me from the stable, which stood in front of the back door, and said “he was harnessing the horse, to take me to the river, and would bring it to the door in a few minutes.” The landlord finding I was going to alarm the town, doubt- less sent him to me; for as yet he had not touched the horse, as I had a full view of the stable. An old negro wench now passed by me to extort a fee doubtless, which resolved she should not have; and having gained my principal point, I bent my course to the breakfasting room. The moment I pushed the door open, the family of the house (as I suspect they were) betook themselves to flight with great precipitation, through another door. The conduct of the whole family was mysterious, and one of their objects was to keep out of my sight. I now observed the servant who waited on me the pre- ceding night, and asked her why she did not come as I requested. She made no reply. I told her I would have her and the whole of them up in a few minutes, if I did not get a carriage in less than five minutes. This was spoken with rather more than usual firmness, which, struck the servant with such terror, that she forgot what she was about. She wanted me to wait till she brought some hot cof- ſee-hot sausages, &c. I paid no attention to her; but swallowing a cup of coffee as I found it, I made the girl help me out. By this time an old open wagon was at the door. “Putin my trunks quick—My books out of the bar-How much do I owe you?” passed in a twinkling. “Seventy-five cents, was my bill; and one dollar for the wagon.” I handed a four dollar note. The note was carried out to the landlord behind the house. The change was brought in; determined to strike while the iron was hot, I did not wait to count the change; but putting it into my purse, I called for assistance into the wagon. An ºld negro, woman standing by, could not help me in. but she held the horse, and the man who was to be my 82 ADVENTURES. - driver, by the aid of a chair, hoisted me into the wagon. and the driver jumping in and seating himself by my side we drove off, and never did any prisoner rejoice more ſervently at his escape than I did. In my eagerness to escape I did not take time to remark that neither my subscription book or the bundle could be found, and the barkeeper observed that he did not know I wanted the bundle kept at Fishkill, and he had put it in the stage!!! The subscription book he knew nothing about, but said there was no danger, it would go on to the stage office, No. 5, Courtland-street, New-York– Thinking, as he pretended to think, I would receive them there, I felt little regret at one misfortune, having just made my escape from a much greater. The driver was a decent looking man, and appeared not to concur in the conduct of the tavern-keeper. He said it was doubtless his design to detain me till the steamboat should have left the wharf. He informed me that he owned two teams in the line, and that the young man I saw was the tavern-keeper's son. Thinking it the least of his crimes for such a ruffian to steal, I counted the change in the presence of the driver, and iſ wanted 25 or 37% cents, I do not recollect which— There is an adventure for you. The man of Salem was a novice to him. He wore no disguise. Now all this double-handed brutality and knavery, which put my life in jeopardy, was done for the pitiful 8th part of $5. which he filched from me at last—five dollars being the fare to New-York. - I have already stated that all the knavish stage propri: etors clubbed in the line from Albany to New-York These were Swan, R & B. S. & K, and E. Y. so that his part could not be much. I am surprised the missiona: ries do not convert these home heathens, as they have so many home missions; they ought to send this fellow * few tracts. But the worst of it is these home mission folks are worse than him. And what must that “good sound Presbyterian,” Hecock, of Burlington, think of all this, if he ever thinks. And these are the savages tha' have dared to deprive us of our liberty. ADVENTURES. 83 As we drove on briskly lest the steam-boat should be gone, we met one of those six feet high blanket-coat fel- Iows riding slowly from the river. Knowing who I was he turned his head on one side and grinned—doubtless he had been sent to the river, and was returning with a lie in his mouth. He certainly was the most impudent ruf- fian Leversaw. Whatlow shifts these stage proprietors resort to to make money: They hired.this ill-looking man and the whole band I had seen for little or nothing, and people, after paying such an exhorbitant price, ran the risk of life and limb from these drivers. Most of whom I saw at Fishkill were stage drivers and out-laws, who are constantly on the road from New-York to Canada, and from Canada to New-York. What good do all those hypocritical societies do? I could not have suffered more in the land of Arabs. Thus, those merciless brutes, stage owners and stage drivers, the tavern keepers among the former, take care the unwary traveller shall not escape their clutches. These highway robbers have long preyed upon the public with impunity. I would have given E. Y. some credit for his opposition line, had he not basely joined in with the others. I know of no greater evil (except the missionaries) in our country than those villainous stage drivers. In all my travels, I have found them, with little exception, cruel, impudent, and dissipated. I was much pleased to find Captain Livingston, of the Rising Sun, a pretty clever man. Though I had never seen him before, he was well enough acquainted with me, and came immediately to assist me out of the wagon; be: ing a stout man, he carried me on board himself. An accident happened to the boat on her way up: something of little consequence which the man had nearly refitted, but the captain wishing to go up to Poughkeepsie, I might, he said, either stay on board, or go over to Newburg on the opposite side of the river. I chose the latter alternative, as I wished to see my friends there. I there crossed the Hudson in a skiff provided by the captain with two gareful rowers. Captain Livingston wrapping me up in his own cloak, committed me to the care º those men, 84. NEWBURG. - dy, but I could drink tea, and spend a few cents in treat When we arrived on the Newburg shore, the men'cross- ing their hands, I took each round the neck and was safe. ly conveyed to the first tavern, which happened to be Mr. French's. The men sat me down in the lower story, in the bar-room, to the astonishment of the tavern-keeper. The men who brought me, knowing I would like Mrs. French and wishing me to be finally disposed of before they quitted the house, waited till she was called. They then delivered me over to her and in two minutes time ! was perfectly at home with Mrs. French, one of the bes landladies I met with on my travels. She was a middle-aged, lusty, handsome, jolly, sensible, thorough going woman. Learning what was to be done, the men, at her request, carried me to another story. Like the Yankee ladies, Mrs. F. was engaged at the wash-tub when I entercd her house. She, therefore, after seeing me disposed of, a good fire and everything the exigence of the moment required, left me to the care of her pretly little kind daughter and went off to finish her washing. Having survived the coflict with the Goths, Visigoths. “sound presbyterians,” rotten stage owners, robbers, thieves and demi thieves, and fairly lodged in a secure harbor, I, like the sailors, resolved upon a spree. To be sure I was unable to dance, or drink either wine or bran: ing myself with some rarity. Pound-cake was my ave sion and all sorts of sweetmeats ( abhorred, “Wha then shall it be?” I asked “if there were any oysters.” “Yes, plenty very nice fresh oysters.” Then it shall be oysters, and some nice fresh butter and a cup of tea No sooner said than done. My little girl, Miss French withdrew, and in a few minutes brought in a cooking lamp with the oysters stewing by the lamps underneath—th first time I ever saw such a utensil. The tea came next, and the bread and the butter, and I had a delicious feast. I then wrote my letters and brought up my notes, and by the time I had finished, in came an elegant lady and ask: ed very familiarly how I came on. I liked her manners side of the houses is the first on the other. *Newburg is built on the side of a hill, and the second stºry on ºne NEW EU in G. 85 and countenance—thought I had seen her before-she was neatly dressed—drew a chair and sat down—direct- ed the girl to bring in more wood-and who should this elegant lady be but my landlady. Just so do the yankee ladies. They do their own work in the forenoon, and then dress themselves and (to use one of their own phra- ses) take their comfort the balance of the day. After chatting with her some time, I sent out for a doctor, and to my astonishment, who should my doctor be but an old fellow traveller. His name I never knew, though we had travelled from New-York to New-Haven. But no one who had ever seen his face could possibly forget it, Dr. is a stout, middle aged man, very facetious and intelligent. The moment I saw him challenged him for the same. “He was the same,” and recollected me also, though it had been nearly three years since; and well he might, for between us both we almost flayed Judge Pe- ters, of Hartford, “a good sound presbyterian” whom every body knows. I think he was a member of the Hartford Convention, but am not sure. Let this be as it may, he was none too good. . To pursue the thread of my story—The first time I visited New-Haven" we had a large party on board of the steam-boat. It being generally understood that we pass up East River into Long Island Sound and thence to New Haven. When we were called to dinner though I was little known then, having never published a work, It was no reason I should underrate myself in my own esteem. I therefore took the lead and seated myself at the head of the table. Judge Peters (also one of the great) took the opposite seat, Dr. took his seat next to me, viz. on my right. The table was long and full from one end to the other. The conversation at our end of the table commenced by my friend on the right by ask- ing Judge Peters something about Hartford. I knew Judge Peters at first sight, having seen, him on my first tour through the Atlantic country. I was, how. *This circumstance was mentioned in my Sketches, but for want of room it was thrown out with much other matter. 8 Vol. III. 86 NEW BURG. ever, not partial to him, as he did not seem to recollect me. I did not evince a recognition of him. But havin several friends in Hartford whom I wished to hear from I asked Judge P. if it were long since he was in Hart. ford, and how the people were there. He replied he left there but a short time since, and he left every on: well—are you acquainted there, Madam?” “I am, sir." “Who do you know there?” I then repeated th: names of those I knew, and amongst the rest, Mr. Pat. sons and himself. “Ah! and how do you like Judge Pº “I do not like him at all; he and Mr P. were two 0. the meanest men in Hartford.” Dr. laid down his knife and fork and burst into an immoderate laugh. W. ping his eyes with his handkerchief, he observed, “Yo have met with your match atlast, sir,” though he studious ly avoided calling him by his name, lest he might spo sport. He asked “how long is it since you hung witch, Judge.” The Judge (whose iron face had neve moved a muscle) replied drily, “Not very long.” “Yo have very few left now, I should suppose, you have hun. a great many. When do you suppose you will gº through?” Thus his wit ran apace—during our dinne he kept the table in a roar, and all at the expense of the blue-skin Judge. Those calvinists are certainly no made of the same materials of which other people are This was the most grim-looking monster that ever sº down to a table. The doctor and I laughed anew at the anecdote of th judge, and after detailing my wanderings (as some of on polite sound Presbyterian critics call my travels) he wer out and brought in some of his friends, and we spentth evening as happy as though we were in company will the Pink, or Robert Walsh, Esqr. One of the gentle men who called, lived in the country, but knew me from report, and called from the double motive of humanity and curiosity. I have, throughout the whole of this unfortunate disas ten remarked that none called on me but the masons—all these were masons who called this day, and of course, were the first gentlemen in the place. What views there fore, ignorance, knavery and Priestcraft may have in con: VOYAGE ON THE HUDSON. 87. spiring against a class of men whose universal character is charity and benevolence-I leave to the world to judge. I have no hesitation in saying this conspiracy is levelled at the liberty of our country, by the enemies of religious toleration, and calling in the aid of the ignorant multitude, they are evidently aiming to establish the reign of terror. ihe next day about ten o'clock, Capt Livingston cal- led for me at the landing, and my kind hostess placing me in a chair, called in a couple of strong men to carry me to the boat, and another to carry my baggage, and walk- ing by my side to the boat, I was received by captain Livingston himself, and pressing the hand of Mrs. French, she departed, and I was conveyed below by the captain and another gentleman. There was no stove in the ladies, cabin, and I took a seat for the moment in the great cabin usually occupied by the gentlemen There was but one more female on board, a very genteel young lady, accomplished, and fash- ionable"—she was said to be possessed of an indepen- dent fortune, and lived in the neighborhood. She was unattended by any particular friend, but she was safe in the care and under the protection of Captain Livingston. The captain is of the same family of Livingstons I have often mentioned—he is a man of genteel manners and of great size. The young lady seeing I was lame, bolstered me up on seats and covered my disabled limb with blan- kets—she next had a small table placed before me at my request, for the purpose of writing, and very politely took a seat by my side. From the motion of the boat, I found it impossible to write, and amused myself by observing the appearance and manners of the passengers. There were about thirty in all, and as usual, presented a great diversity of manners and looks. They were upon the whole, a very dull group. Nothing like wit, learning, or genius, was visible in the whole mess, and still less gallantry, though one, rather a forward young "There were a great number of women of the lower order, in the º These never mix with the other passengers, as in the south. 88 VOYA (; F ON THE HUI)SON. man, did venture to address the young lady, not in that open ingenuous manner, which always distinguishes the true gentleman, but in a half whisper—he had a most im. pudent eye. To go on--Tom Blacksmith stretched him. self on a settee in a corner, and throwing his plaid cloak over him, left nothing visible but his red, awkward coun. tenance, and his great bellows-paws Four other young men who wanted nothing but the thick blanket coat to make stage drivers—suspecting the movement of my pen. cil, took the precaution to steal behind me—following them with my eye, my head of course (as I was unable to turn my body round) was turned over one shoulder. when they perceived this, they moved in the opposite direction, where I met them again, and thus they contin. ued to parry some time, and stand one behind the other This, at lengh broke silence, and set the other passen- gers into something like a smothered laugh. Finding no security below, they fairly took to flight, and ran up on deck. The thing was enjoyed by every one on board, who were susceptible of enjoyment, though some sal with mouth open, wondering what could be the matter Every one seemed excited either to fear, love, or laugh ter, excepting four very decent young men, who were deeply engaged at a game of cards not far from my seat. and even they cast a suspicious glance now and then. These were modest, unaffected young men, with that in- dependent, country-look, which cannot ſail to please. They merely played for amusement. Another passen- ger laid himself down on a bench at the far end of the room, and concealed the whole of his face, leaving out only the top of his head, so he was safe. Near him sat, and sometimes stood, a little proud pur- sy man, with a silly, round, red face, blue eye, dark hair, and thick short person. He was dressed in blue throughout, and at all points a perfect New York cock: ney. Next to him, at some distance sat two gentlemen. who seemed by their attitudes, and peculiar profound. ness of phiz, to be engaged in settling the affairs of the nation. They talked rather to themselves, and seemed to have no knowledge or intercourse with the passen- WOWAGE ON THE HUDSON. 89 gers whom they evidently held at a distance. One of them was a ſusty elderly man, with a round grim face; and an assumption of dignity, the other was a small pop-eyed man, with a smooth round face, rather consequential, and simple of countenance, but withal might be called genteel. Some state affair I suspect; nothing less could engage them. My eye now caught a long black snake looking fellow, a missionary standing near me. I challenged him at once. The gallows was painted in his face, and the state prison in his countenance. His pockets stuck out to a great extent—stuffed with tracts, no doubt. I told him to “go off, and not pollute me with his tracts, and his gospel.” Pointing to my wound, I told him “I had enough of his gospel-spreading for a while, and was not disposed to take another lesson.” He sneaked off, and I was now beset with an impudent fog, who, with a large portion of brass, addressed me very familiarly—said he had seen me at Poughkeepsie, and without more to do, stretched himself on a long seat, close by my side. I ordered him away, but there was too much brass about him, and I was forced to send for the captain. From the great quantity of ice floating on the Hudson, captain L. was compelled to be on deck most of the time. He being then engaged, could not come to me. I called for assis- tance, and was carried into the ladies calin. The lady also withdrew with me and we remained there some time without fire. At length captain L. came down, and learning what had occurred, helped me back into the other cabin. His duties again calling him away, the same in- solent ruſſian came forward, and was about to locate him- self again on the bench, upon which I appealed to the passengers, particularly the elderly gentleman and asked him how he could sit by and see a female insulted, who was unable to get out of the way. In fact I addressed the whole of them in a style which brought the color to their faces, and they succeeded in driving the ruffian off- he was a ruflian to a certainty, though he had on fine clothes. He was greatly mortified however, and mut- tered the word ſº to himself, as he went away. * - 90 NEW-YORK. Dinner was now ready, and I was no littled amused at the shyness of the whole party, but particularly the stage drivers, who took their seats at the lower end of the table They held down their heads to avoid my glance, and at tracted the notice of the party, who smiled at the awe in which I held them. The dinner was silent, every one addressing his neighbor in a whisper. The missionary was, however, by far the meanest man at the table. The dinner being over, an upstart fog, who said he was a nephew of judge Spencers—determined to be revenged for the deference he saw I exacted, and addressed me in a style of insolent licentiousness. Presuming upon his great connections, his impertinence kept no bounds, and not wishing to give the captain any further trouble, I was assisted to the ladies cabin, and lay down, the young lady covered me up with great tenderness, and sat by me during the voyage to New York, where we landed, about 9 o'clock at night. Here was great trouble again with me; I waited till the bustle of landing the passengers was over; the cap- tain then ordering me to be placed in a chair, caused me to be carried on shore, attending me with a lantern This was effected at great hazard, from the steepness, and narrowness of the steps of the boat, and the darkness of the night. Meanwhile I was surrounded with Irish hack-drivers, every one knows them, who has ever been in New York, and little to the credit of the city, they are a greater pest to strangers than so many pick-pockets, their insolence is insufferable. I was, however, no stranger in New York. and having been robbed once, and insulted often by these low Irish; I told the porter to engage me an American or a negro as I would not go with an Irish driver. Accor- dingly a very decent young man, an American, was stan. ding ready at some distance, being unable to get near me for the Irish. The porters, however, proceeded on through the Irish, with much patience and care, while we had a mob of Irish drivers after us—“owl woman, it is I you wur to go with—go to h-l with you—your no able to pay your fare, I'll engage you not get a cint for NEW YORK. 91 takin her—why, that fellow don't know how to drive, he will upset you, d-n the odds, he breaks, your neck.” about a dozen of these fellows with their hacks completely blocked up the way, and so much displeased, they were all rejected, it was some time before we could make them give room. One of them run after us some distance– “Where did you come from owl wuman?—from the state prison its like. This is the case daily in New York, with these Teagues. I was much gratified that every one of the passengers walked to their quarters. I had nearly two miles to go to my old boarding house, Mrs. Barker's, in Water street, and my course leading up Courtland, to Broadway, thence by the Park, into Chat- ham street, up Chatham to Harman street, up Harmon to Rutgers street, down Rutgers to Water street. I had a most delectable treat. The brilliancy of the gas in the windows, the lamps, the firm pavement, and the busy multitude, like so many old acquaintances bursting suddenly upon my ravished eye—my heart thrilled with pleasure. The profusion of lights to which I had long been a stranger, and the same streets where many a weary step I had trod–I forgot my misfortunes, I was doomed now to resume them again, when I al- rived at Mrs. Barker's door, at which I used to spring out so lightly, and bound into the house. Here was joy; and saluting the mother (being a widow) and her two handsome daughters. They were still sin- gle, and kept clear of the missionaries. Miss Jane, my favorite, always comes first to the door, but it is impos. sible to express their surprise, when they found I had to be carried into the house. Here I rested a day, and re- º my adventures since my departure in June: this was Feb. 7. Having business lower down in the city, and anxious to proceed to Washington, I spent but one day with my friends, and took up at the Park house in Chatham. Here I made my final arrangements, and took my depar- ture, passing by the coffee house of my friend, Mr. Morse, late of New Haven. Hearing he had settled in New York, I stopped at the house and sent in for him, but the 92 - AIDAENTURES. awkward hack-man could not find him. He keeps at the corner of Wall and Water street where I hope every generous man will call, as a reward for his generosity to me when a stranger in New Haven, friendless and pen- neyless. The man who would act so nobly must be a good man. - was equally unsuccessful in my attempts to see my friend Mr. Brooks. Having sent some letters to publish in his paper, respecting the battle of the snags, I called to receive them—but had to leave New-York without the pleasure of seeing him. My passage had been engaged in the citizens line which runs to Philadelphia in opposition to the Union line. The proprietors of both lines advertised in the papers $200, through in one day, the greatest hoax in the world, as no stage at this season of the year could go through in less than two days. But these proprietors, up to cheat- ing and fraud at all seasons, always took care that the two dollar line was full, and if you did not take passage in the second line, for which you paid the moderate sum of five dollars, you might stay in New York or go some other way, so I paid five dollars, and then they refused to take on all my baggage. I took a part of it, and left a large white trunk at the office, which I have never seen from that day to this, about one year. They refused in the first place to give it up without an order. I then gave Capt. Shinn, of Alexandria, an order He could not see the man, and the woman said she knew nothing about it, Mr. Bartow, of New-York, inquired for it in the meantime, but no trunk was to be found. But to the stage-office. This was the office, No. 5, Courtland street, where I was to find my subscription book, and bundle, carried off at Fishkill. No such art- cle had arrived! I wrote back through the line, I adver- tised in the newspapers, and expecting to receive one or both in a short time, I made myself easy on the subject, as I knew the subscription book was of no use to any per- son but myself.” *The subscription book was found in August following, at Sing sing through the agency of two gentlemen at Poughkeepsie, Messrs. Tal- mage and Hooker. Apprizing the agent at Poughkeepsie (a very amº AD VENTURES, 93 At length, seated with five gentlemen, I proceeded to Philadelphia. The gentlemen were rather under par, but we had no stage-drivers, or Pats inside, and our greatest difficulty was laboring through the mud of New Jersey, there not being a turnpike in the state. So much are they involved in ignorance and priestcraft, and so much taken up in manufacturing priests, and tracts, and missionaries. that schools, and all useful improvements, are neglected. No road in the United States, perhaps, is more travelled than this, and certainly none more than that part of it from New Brunswick to Trenton. For in summer, when the steamboats are running, the passengers are carried from the Raritan to the Delaware by this road, in stages. Our horses soon tired, and well they might, up to their knees every step. The roads were never known to be so bad. Another set was put to, they also broke down. All the horses on the line were knocked up. I thought too, and so did the other passengers, that they gave us the worst horses, saving the best for the day and might line. Scarcely atrip was made without oversetting, or breaking down, and often both. We were to stop over night at New Brunswick, but at the rate we were going, the opinion was that we would not reach New Brunswick that night. The drivers at length fairly acknowledged that the agents on the line were putting off their worst horses upon us. The pas- sengers (as I was lame and might be injured by an upset, or a break down) finding I had some influence, not that they cared for me one cent, set me upon the proprietors. Accordingly I attacked the first one I met, and told him I would Black book him, and indict him, and sue him be- sides. He lived in Philadelphia, and was merely riding able man) of the loss, and describing the book, he ferretted it out, but the bundle was never heard of. Meantime, the whole country was thrown into confusion—the Post Master General writing through the lines; and many other gentlemen were put to trouble, inquiring, and searching for the book. Some fool, or missionary, took the story wrong, and said I lost the subscription of the Black book, and next the mºnuscript. But, to their great disappointment, the Black book was safe enºugh. The book lost was for three other works, two of which are published. 94. ADVENTURES through the lines. He listened very patiently, and said I should have good teams the balance of the way. And I must say we had a very good team the next change. We dimed at Newark, and had a tolerable dinner, and the landlord, as I did not drink gin, ordered me a cup of tea. He was of New-York—but the waiting maid she said she was a native of Jarsey. A great awkward, broad. faced thing, who, doubtless, did not know a letter in the book, but was attentive. Broad faces, and blue, or grey eyes, are peculiar to the natives of New Jersey. Newark is a beautiful village, shaded with trees, and as level as a house floor. Some of the buildings are very handsome, but it is cursed by those vilest of men, the mis. sionaries. They have meetings every day in the week, of course there is no religion there. We pushed on with our good team tolerably brisk, till dark, and dark it was, not a star to be seen, and no lamp At length we were so unfortunate as to get another bad team. One of the horses, particularly, was so refracto. ry, that the driver could not keep him in the road, “Here we go,” said first one and then another, as the coach would lean first to one side and then the other, being pulled across the road by the wild horse, Doubtless, the horse was picking the best way, without regard to the weight at his heels. The passengers cursed the driver, the horses, and the owners; nor were they exactly agreed among them: selves. Some told the driver to go fast, and others told him to go slow. I comforted myself with any gait, and that we would have an easy tumble of it in the mud if we did upset. At length the horses got out of the road, and the stage began to keel. “Stop,” said some of the passengers. “Go on—no danger,” said the others. “Stop, driver." said one of them “I’ll get out.” The driver stopped—the man got out. The coach was then on the side of a bank and endeavoring to regain the road. “Here we go." said one inside, and here we went sure enough and had quite an easy tumble. Not one was hurt in the least They were all alarmed for me, when they found them: selves safe, as I was unable to resist the fall, but luckily ADAENTURES. 95 - there was but one passengeron the same seat with me, and expecting to go overfor sometime he kept hold ofthe strap on his own side, which prevented him from falling on me. The passengers got out themselves through the side of the coach, but not one said a word about taking me out, but there they stood, debating what was to be done. Some said the coach was broke, some were for leaving a party to guard the baggage and going on foot, to New-Bruns- wick, which the driver supposed to be about two or two and a half miles. I advised them to take me out and try to turn the coach. Meantime a young man, who rode with the driver, went to a house which stood in a field some distance from the road, to procure a light and help. The owner of the farm and his colored man returned with him, and as soon as the stranger found a woman still inside of the coach, he came up to me immediately and he and his black man helped me out. The mud was very deep, but he made a sort of a seat with a sack and some horse- blankets and sat me upon it. This was the cleverestman I ever met with in New-Jersey, or out of it from that state. They now attempted to raise the stage, but in vain: it was sunk as deep in the mud as the people were in igno- rance and priestcraft. (This, however, was disputed by some of the party.) The driver, therefore, leaving the young man mention- ed to guard the baggage and horses, of which he left two, and took two, went to Brunswick for a wagon to convey the baggage to that town. The gentlemen agreed to walk tº town, though they appeared very suspicious about their baggage, but nothing was said about me. I wanted the driver to put me on one of the horses, and am pretly sure [could have rode behind him; but he said it was impossible, the horses were too wild. Believe him if you please. The gentleman and I continued to chat a little and laugh a little, and make the best of the disaster. I had imparted some of the principal hobbles and hair breadin scapes, that befell me amongst the missionaries and sta. robbers, and he had pitied them. age 96 ADVENTURES. Meantime our light went out and the scene changed to darkness and silence. I became very cold, having no over coator any thing but a thin three-dollar plaid cloak, and a cotton shawl. The cloak, being made for a child. wanted some inches of meeting in front; of course I be. gan to shiver, and my wound began to ache. I naturally reflected that our world was full of distress and trouble and laid the blame on the missionaries. I was now and then roused by a word from my friend and very often by the restlessness of the horses, which the young man held by the bridles not far from me, and often threw me intº fear lest they would master him and run over me. Doubtless had they been missionaries they would have done so. At length we espied a light in rear of us, approaching rapidly. “The mail,” exclaimed the young man with th: horses, “Yes,” said the gentleman “it must be the mai —we will hail them as they pass and get them to take in the lady, iſ possible.” The mail, at this season is alway carried in a strong wagon, made for the purpose as nº stage would be able to go so fast as the mail requires The wagon is open, carries no passengers except the uard. - § They at length came up and were obliged to cry a hal to get round the stage and asked what was the matter Upon hearing the accident they very politely agreed tº take me to New-Brunswick. Both the guard and drive were gentlemen of respectable appearance and manners as no blanket-coat is trusted with the mail. They sat in frontoſ the wagon, side by side, the guard carrying a lan. term in his hand, a musket across his lap and pistols in his belt.* They were both stout men, genteelly dressed, handsome persons and perfect gentlemen in their man- ners. They had four great horses in, which wentatave- ry fast trot. - I was assisted in by my friend and the gentlemen them- selves, and placing me between them, they dashed away, *And yet these people have the impudence to pretend to convert the heathem. I would as soon suspect a missionary for robbing the mail as another man. - ADVENTURES. 97 the mud taking the horses nearly to the knees—the p001. fellows were smoking from a high perspiration. - it is due to the gentleman who remained with me so long to say that he deserves much credit for his kindness and hospitality. He was a N ew Jersey farmer, and quite a plain man. He tºld me his name, which I took down in the dark, but it became so erased, that I could no decipherit. He lives, however, about two miles from New Brunswick on the left side of the road going from New Brunswick to New-York. May he meet his reward, The gentlemen with the mail informed me they left New-York at one o'clock, and expected to reach Phila- delphia about day-light. They did tell me the amount received for their services, which was very considerable, though I do not remember it. - The contractor for this line deserves much credit for his promptness and wisdom; nor do these gentlemen, who sacrifice their ease and repose in the service of their coun- try, by transporting the mail, lose at all in the estimation of good sense. On the contrary, they also deserve much praise. - We had not proceeded over half way before we over- took some of the stage party stuck in the mud. One had lost his boot and was endeavoring to extricate it; others wisely took the woods for it and left their friends to shift for themselves. Good christians!---they ought to go teach the heathem. These hypocrites have completely ruined the character of christianity. - These men were strolling along, one here and one there to the bridge. I turned the tables upon them for their want of gallantry in deserting me to a man in the hour of danger, and finally laughed at them severally as I passed them, attended as I was like a princess, with a light and a gentleman on each side of me, and gained a * victory by arriving at New-Brunswick before them. - - Here I bestowed many thanks on my kind friends and have never seen them since, 9 Vol. III. 98 AIDVENTURES. The driver (whom we met on his return with a wagon to convey the baggage to New-Brunswick) had related the news to the agent, but we waited a long time, never. theless, before we had supper. Meantime the stage par. ty came in one after another, but a more ludicrous show was never exhibited. They were mud to the knees, and their clothes particularlarly must have contained º pounds. They were all very sullen and much displeased excepting one, my beau, who bore my ridicule with great good humor, and joined me in the laugh. He fairly ac- knowledged that the first law of nature was to take care of one’s self. And to come to the point at once, there was not a gentleman amongst them if we except a me. chanic, a very modest young man, and to his credit, he all so took care of himself. - It was about eleven o’clock when we arrived at New Brunswick, and after twelve before we retired, from the tediousness of the cooks. As we were to resume out journey at two o'clock we had but little time for repose I therefore declined a bed; but being in much pain from sitting up so long, I asked the landlady to let me have couple of blankets, and I would repose on a sofa. She was very loth to do so, lest I might steal the blankets doubtless. But after a long contab with her husband. who no doubt assured her that he would attend to that part of the concern; she gave me an old quilt! A good sound Presbyterian,” she was. What a pity Turks dº not come to this country and open taverns. - I had just fallen into a doze as I heard the stage drive up, and by the aid of the chair I crawled into the bar. room and paid my bill, and to the honor of the landlord he made no charge for the old quilt, though I gave the girl the amount. There were three of the passengers with foreign as: pects, that seemed to herd together from the first, and their high mightiness prevailed with the agent to fur- mish them with an extra conveyance in the morning, being afraid to trust their long necks in the dark—wetherefore my gallant and the mechanic set offin a hack. This was the second time for many years I was forced to foregº ADVENTURES. 99 the pleasure of drinking a eup of coffee, as soon as Iarose le, the hour be what it might. Through all my ups and downs, I was blest with this luxury, and long habit had endered it almost indispensable. But there was too much brimstone about the house—neither love normoney could extort it. - we left Princeton to our left, and passing through a most charming country, arrived at Trenton to breakfast. Here a most laughable incident occurred. * , I am no great handycraft at dress any time, and still less the last few years for very obvious reasons. But my present costume was something like the gentleman's of the stage adventure, for though I laughed at them, I was not without my share of good genuine New Jersey mud, no counterfeit in the case; and though I omitted it in the proper place, came with my broad side on a soft bed of mud, when the stage upset. My head muffled up with handkerchiefs and hoods) by no means escaped. In short, my long tedious journey, the various stage adven- tures, and my total inability to do any thing for myself- my appearance may easily be guessed. The other pas- sengers having jumped out, I desired them to tell the landlord to send a chair to carry me in, and men to car- ry it. The landlord, an agent by the way, came up to the stage door to see what being it was that demanded so much attention. Having eyed me with the same indiffer- ence that he would an old trunk, or any other old luggage, he asked me if I could not walk—I replied in the nega- tive. He said nothing, but returned into the house and in a short time two men came to me with a chair. They took me out very carefully, and placing me in the chair proceeded not into the house! Where then? You will hear, they pursued a long piazza, till I began to think there was no end to it, and asked them “where they were going?” “Just a little ways back here, we are almost there,” and the first place I found myself, was in the kitchen! good, how this will please the black-coats, yes, Mr. Black coats it is a real fact, they absolutely took me into the kitchen, and had it been a meat Yankee 100 AI) VENTURES. - kitchen, I should have been highly pleased, but to take me into a dirty New Jersey kitchen, it was an outrage upon my Royal dignity. In justice to the metropolis of New Jersey, however, I must acknowledge that I never was better pleased a any time, on my journey from Burlington, as I found two things, of which I stood in much need, and which I could not at the instant perhaps have obtained in any other room in the house, viz. a good fire, and a good breakfast, and the adventure itself was worth a great deal. I smiled upon being sat down, and took immediately, but treasur- ing the matter up with a secret pleasure, and as I always have a text of scripture ready for you Mr Blackcoats, was much better accommodated than the Saviour of the world, when he came amongst you. The table had just been set for the hostler, and other servants about the house, mostly colored people, who were just going to sit down, when prevented by our ar. rival, particularly a great ſat over-grown black-woman, who was the cook. She was a good natured soul, and very readily postponed her breakfast, to prepare breakfast for the passengers, meaning the gentlemen in the house. There were several other black greasy wo. men in the Kitchen, and the lady of the house likewise. The lady was dressed up meat in her Sunday clothes, and wore a very gay lace-bordered cap; she snuffed up her nose, profoundly as she honored me with a glance, after the men sat me down. But I had seen ladies, and lace bordered caps, and cooks before, nor was it the first time I was in a kitchen: I therefore went the right way to work, and paid all pos. sible respect to the cook. I told her I was very hungry, and “if she would be so kind as to give me leave, I would take a cup of coffee and one of her nice hot cakes”—“ſo be sure madam, and welcome,” and helping me to the table, I never partook of a more delicious or a more sea: sonable mealin my life. The table-linen was rather soil. ed, it is true, but a good appetite compensated this default The butter was nice and fresh, the buckwheat cakes were smoking hot, and besides there was an excellent - . A1). VENTURES. 10] beef stake, and a plate full of savory sausages, and all in the nick of time. The landlady in all this time, never said a word, doubtless she never dreamed that I had ever eat out of a kitchen. In justice to her, she had not a bad look, but to make sure of it, I asked herºſo a few tracts;” she said, “she had nothing to do with tracts.” I loved her for that, and assuming my proper dignity, I asked her if it was Jersey fashion for ladies to be sent to the kitchen. She was not a little confused, and the landlord coming in at the moment, apologized, and said “he had me brought in there as there was not a good fire in the parlor, and thought I was benumbed with the cold, from travelling in the night, but there was now a good fire, would I please to be carried in.” I told him “no apo- logy was necessary, and that I would stay where I was: I was well satisfied.” He appeared much mortified, and the truth most certainly was, that he did not at first deem me worthy of a better place than the kitchen, until he learned who I was, from the passengers. He certainly deserves credit for the amusement of the incident; he is not the first, and probably will not be the last, who has been deceived by my appearance. It was now about 11 o'clock, and they were just be- ginning to prepare breakfast for the passengers. I wish- ed to be on the road as it was a fine day, and as they were making a great parade of dishes, I told them they need not be at so much trouble. “I thought the gentle- men (as they call every thing that puts on a fine coat) might take such fare as I had. What they had cooked was good enough for them, they were no great things, and ten to one they would not eat at all, for they looked like bread and cheese fellows,” and I was right, only one of them took breakfast. When we were seated in the stage, the landlord came to the door, and making a bow, touching his hat at the same time, “wished me a very pleasant journey.” He had the generosity not to charge me for my breakfast. 9° 402 PHILADELPHIA. Shortly after leaving Trenton, we had a view of the canal, and Bonaparte's residence. Had I been well, I should have found means to have paid my respects to him, and Prince Murat. But a view of the place was all the pleasure I was able to enjoy. A visible and striking difference of the country presents itself to the traveller, upon gaining the state of Pennsyl vania. This difference consists not only in their superio manner of farming; but in their fine roads and bridges We now went over the ground with more than double the speed we had in New Jersey. The roads and most othe things (except manufacturing priests) appear to be wholly neglected in this once great and patriotic state. We arrived in Philadelphia a little after dark, and a my request, the stage conveyed me to my friend’s M. Dick, corner of Chesnut and Front. I was anxious tº go there for two reasons, first I wished to see him and Mrs. D. and in the second place, I wished to be conve. nient to the steam boat, which had just commenced run. ning to New Castle. The driver went into apprize him of my arrival, and as it was raining, he sent a gentlema. out with an umbrella, not dreaming I was unable to walk, but nothing could exceed his astonishment when he me the driver with me in his arms at the door. I was car. ried into the parlor, and set down. Mrs. Dick callin. out from the lower story, to walk down there to the fire! - - I gave a brief detail of my trials and tribulations which, however, was needless, from the distance I had travelled with such a dreadful wound,” which was then prodigiously swelled and painful. I had a bed put on the floor, being faintish, and lay down. - My eagerness to get to Washington to attend to my printing, hurried me from Philadelphia the next day, or doubtless my friend Walsh would have visited me in my affliction, particularly as he is one of your generous warm hearted men. My friend M. Noah, is always talk ing about Col. Stone; but he is rather low game for me; *Five hundred miles. PHILADELPHIA. 103 I like to get hold of high characters, such as Mr. Walsh and doctor P. what a pity I had not time to call in the doctor to dress my wound, he would, doubtless, have at- ºnded with great promptness and pleasure. My best wishes, therefore, and prayers for their happiness is all I had in my power to bestow on them for the present. Nothing, however, distressed me more than to pass through Philadelphia without calling upon another, and very different class of friends, I mean the Editors. I am fully persuaded I should never have forced my way through the host of enemies that united to crush me in the beginning, had it not been for these generous men. And though I am now beyond the reach of those insidious foes, yet my gratitude shall ever flow towards those kind friends who watched over me and truth. Messrs. Hart and Chandler particularly stuck to me through good and evil report. I therefore dropped a hasty note to them, bearing my gratitude and respects, and prepared to depart. My kind friends, Mr. and Mrs. Dick had dis- charged the part of the good Samaritan, while doctor Ely, the famous gospel spreader, and his host, never came near me. He was then very probably at Harris- burg, endeavoring to cram his gospel down the throats of the members of the legislature. The traitor ought to have been arrested for treason. He got his dose, however, and I hope it will be double next time. About 10 o’clock next morning, I was conveyed on board of the steam boat, where I found several passen- gers. I kept in the ladies' cabin however, and picked a quarrel with a very amiable lady, merely because I was in pain. Taking her to be a missionary and suffering severe- ly from the effects of their attempts to spread their gospel upon me... I could have torn every hypocrite of them to pieces. At length my resentment became so pointed that the lady forsake of peace, abjured tracts and missionaries. She was accompanied by her husband, but I was in so much pain, forgot their names, they were Yankees and very genteel. And I had taken cold beyond doubt; by travelling 104. JOURNEY TO BALTIMORE. so constantly in the cold, and though I had arrived into a much milder climate, the effects of the cold was almost insupportable. Besides the lady mentioned, there was only a poor girl, and the mother of Mrs. Agg, of Washington city. She was also attended by her husband. They were citizens of New-York, rather genteel, and both were advanced in years. They were then on their way to Washington, and finding I was familiar with the people of the city, they very politely informed me of their connection with Mr. Agg, the editor of the Journal. Both of them were very attentive to me, the gentleman particularly, attended to me at our landing at New Castle, and the lady waited till the porters took me up, and the walked by my side to the coaches, which is a considera. ble distance from the landing, so far that the men were compelled to set me down in the course of the distance to rest. Every time this is the case I lament that Hecock was not my porter. I was put in the same coach with my friends, and tº my great pleasure found several old acquaintances in the coach, and though I knew their faces well, seeing so mas my people at every point, I knew nothing of their names, and the ninnies have become so shy of me, that they are dubious. I would not give a pin to know a man's name if I wished to book him, as my friend Dwight would call it. I was, however, in too much pain at this time to book any one but Hecock, and, please the fates, he shall have enough of it. - - I was as crabbed as a cat, obliged to sit upright, and crowded too. I was a perfect tyrant—the gentlemen were afraid to move. I had all the small trunks and packets taken out, or rather, I would not suffer them to come in My friend sat with me on the back seat, and quaked for fear ol her bandbox, which she held in her lap to keep it out of my Way. - As well as I recollect, we had no missionaries in our stage, (though one of the passengers looked rather sus: BALTIMORE. 105 picious.) I was sorry there was not, as I was in the right humor for them. I understood there were several in the boat, (if there had not it would have been a wonder) but they took care to keep out of my sight. it was late in the night when we arrived at French- town, where we took water again for Baltimore—and here was another trouble again to get me into the boat. No less than three or four attendants, and as many lanterns, &c. stages standing in the way, and the passengers from the boat–the very recital is enough to set any person against missionaries for ever. As soon as we took tea, I was glad to lie down without note or comment, being in great pain, and alarmed from the swelling of my wound. We landed, it appears, a little before day, and waiting till day light, I found myself alone, every one was gone! I called the chamber maid, she made no an- swer; I opened the door of the gentlemen's cabin, no one there—called—no answer—l was in sole possession of the boat and cargo, and seriously bethought how I was to subsist, for out of the boat I could not get, and con- cluded that as the steward was gone, the keys were gone with him, and that they intended to starve me out. It was but death in any event, and I resolved to get on deck. About this part of my story I heard people coming on board, and though I heard them talking distinctly, none of them came to my assistance, though I called several times. - - I now commenced my journey up the steps with one foot and one hand, the other two being not only useless but rather in the way. After so long a time, and not so very long either, by going sometimes backwards, and sometimes forwards, I gained the top of the steps and found those persons I had called, merely colored people who came on board for their amusement. I enlisted two of them immediately into my service, one I sent for a hack, and the otheri sent aſ to hunt my baggage. The ºn soon came with the hack, but no baggage was to be ſºund—doubtless, it was locked up in the baggage room! This is sweet Baltimore! my own dear native Maryland! What jury would hesitate to find heavy damages against 106 BALTIMORE. such a captain, and as for my friend, Gen. M!Donald he deserves a Black-booking for not attending better tº his line, but if he gets his money he does not care. It justice to him, however, he is a most kind and oblign: man himself, but he is to blame for not making this captai do better. This was Sunday, and the boat's crew were all gon. on shore, and the crew of the streets were come onboard as insolent a rabble of negroes and pickpockets as W. had the Annapolis trip The great number of travellers going to Washingto city and other places, such was the demand for stages that they were said to “be engaged for three days to come I never believe such unreasonable tales. These thing: are always put in circulation as an excuse for swindling A secret agent is always to be found in the boat or ath. landing, to grant, as a matter of avor, a passage to thos who may pay a little extra, provided they get first to tº stage-office. This may account for the sudden departu. of my friends willing to take care of themselves. Of course I took it fair and softly, as I had not many limbs to spare. As I sat upon a bench looking about me and considering how to have the fellow hung for lockin; up my baggage, an impudent mulatio man came on boat. and asked me what I was doing there? It may be sº posed I opened the flood-gates upon him, which drove hº below. I asked one of the bystanders “who that imp dent fellow was?” “The cook,” was the reply. I ser him twelve and a half cents, (there were eighty-seve and a half cents gone) and requested him to bring me: cup of coffee without sugar or cream, (which I never use and get my baggage forthwith. He came up and huntil about found my trunks, and returned to bring the coffee but he staid so long that I called the hack man to put tº in the hack, and was going without the coffee, glad to gº away upon any terms. As I was about entering the coach he brought the coffee, but it was sweetened, and I cou" not drink it. The captain, it appeared, with the maid, was amongs the first who left the boat, - WASHINGTON. 107 I stopped at my old boarding house in South street, and - sent a little boy to engage, a Pasº" to Washington aS quick as possible, and took breakfast in the meantime. The boy soon returned, and said I could go, the stage ºuld all for me in half an hour. So much for the great fibs about stages. My landlord," of South street, was from home, the greatest sycophant and cheat in the world; but he had an amiable wife, and several handsome daughters. ARRIVAL IN WASHINGTON, The stage came at the time appointed, and in the course of the afternoon I arrived in Washington, where my tour ends. Having been absent ten months, and excepting while I was confined, engaged the whole of the time, and even during my confinement, I wrote almost every day. ºn. incidents of the tour, particularly the latter part of it, were I young and handsome, might furnish the sub- ject of a novel, but alas! I am neither the one nor the other. I ought by no means to omit a very affecting scene in the coach on my way from Baltimore. A few miles on this side of the city we saw two genteel young men standing in the road before us. The driver concluding they wanted a passage, stopped, and they got in, there being but two passengers in the stage besides myself. It appeared they were citizens of Baltimore, and printers. They had walked from the city the previous evening, *This man, about a year previous, while I boarded at his house, proposed to sell me some paper for my books; “it was first rate pa. per, and he would let me have it low.” I declined buying the paper, as I had not the money to advance, nor was I in the habit of buying paper at all, I always leave it to my printers, as I am no judge. He insisted, and I suspected him, for I never liked his looks, and after at- tempting to cheat the whole country with the paper, which was not worth one cent, he contrived it so that it was palmed upon me at last, and ruined the whole edition.--He may go with the man of silk. 108 WASHINGTON. merely for a frolic, to spend the night with a friend that lived near the road where we met them, and wishingto visit the city, which they had never seen, they took the stage at this place. They were both well dressed, intel. ligent, and lively young men, and by their winning con. versation and manners, soon gained my esteem. They sung several fashionable songs with great taste and sweet. mess, and finding I was a native of Maryland, evinced: desire to learn the cause of my present misfortune, gratified them on this subject, and likewise with some of the most prominent incidents of my history, and particle larly the indigence to which I had been reduced, which led me to become an authoress. One of them was so much affected by the recital that he wept like a child. “All Madam,” said he, “had I known you then, I would have given you my last cent.” We parted on Capitol Hill and I never have seen or heard of them since. WASHINGTON. The first thing I did after my arrival at Maj. Whea. ton's (where I first stopped) was to send for my friend Doctor Sewall, who fell upon a new plan with my wound He had a long bandage made of cotton cloth instead of flannel which had hitherto been used---took off the splints and bathing the wound in strong salt and water, rolled the whole limb up in the cotton bandage. This plan I pur. sued for some months, but finding little difference except an abatement of the swelling and pain, I used severalbot- tles of limiment made for the purpose. Being unable to suspend the limb, I took the bed and sitting up in the bed had a table drawn close to the side of it, pursued writing Often, however, I wrote on my lap as I sat; but the mis- ery I endured from first to last was beyond the power of ianguage. I kept my bed tilltowards the last of May, and off and on the whole summer. The first time I ventured to bear any weight upon it, it swelled again prodigiously Dr. Cutbush, Surgeon of the army, attended me. Dr. WASHINGTON. 109 sewall, however, was my onstant attendant, though fi were to give an opinion of wounds, nothing but time can heal them. But mine, from my age, will resist even ". first of my walking was in June, though I often rode out in a carriage. But what is still more extraordinary, I almost lost the use of all my limbs. My whole system became affected, from my confinement, doubtless, and want of exercise- but I have pursued the subject long enough. I remarked, I stopped at Maj. Wheaton's. When I parted with him last in Washington he asked it as a par- ticular favor that upon my return I should come to his house at once, and as he had several rooms, I should be welcome to one of them gratis. This I by no means in- tended to accept. But wishing to see the Major, as he hardly expected to live till my return, and my printer living near the place, who was going on with my work, and above all, for the sake of my word, I called at Maj. Wheaton's. I found the old gentleman in a little dirty room, entirely neglected except that he had fire and, Ibe- lieve, water; but his bed and room were in a wretched condition. He kept his bed most of the time, and was suffered to lie in his tight cloth coat. At this time his daughter, who lived in the house, which is large, receiv- ed the rent of several rooms, and his pension: whatever became of it, I know not. She grudged him, and even denied him some veal which he implored her to procure, and I think she refused him. Now “did ever any body hear the like of that.” I think she was the most unfeel. ing brute" ever saw. The short time I staid at the house I had a flannel wrapper made for him, but was unable to render the poor old man any other service. I sent special messengers often to inquire after him, but this she wolf would hardly suffer them to go to the door. I wrote to Hon L. Condict, of New-Jersey, to go and see and do something for him, as he requested metodoso him- self. I have never seen the Major since, though I have snatched a few incidents of his life from oblivion. They are, I think, in one of these volumes. - 10–Vol. III. 110 WASHINGTON. , I finally went to the Ten Buildings, as I wanted much nursing and attendance. - On my first visit to Washington I accidentally stepped into a house which stood behind the old capitol. 1 mere. ly stood at the door to inquire for some person. “Come in” said the lady, the first friendly voice I had heard in the city. I went in, and this lady kept me six months without fee or reward. Her name is Dorret, descended from one of the first families in Maryland, I mean the Chase family. Since I first knew her, she had become reduced, and out of gratitude, I determined not to for sake her in her misfortunes, as she had been a friend tº me in mine. Had I done so I would have deserved the execrations of mankind. The Ten Buildings, however were infested by a low rabble of black and white people which were so annoying that I was forced to desert then and accepted the kind offer of my friend, Daniel Carroll Esqr, to occupy a room in one of his houses, called th. Bank House, or Bell Tavern May Heaven reward him for his kindness! I should have been unable to have gon through my laborious engagements but for this act of nº ble generosity - - But, dropping the subject for the present; in tº meantime I resolved to risk my talents generally or spº cially as the case happened, at a personal description the Members of Congress. I was partly tempted to thi by my own inclination and partly to please my friends. When I first began to write I imperceptibly fell in this manner of writing—I mean that of personal de cription, and had been told (for I am no judge of cours that this and scenery was my forte. I have pursued it until it has become an amusement to myself; and though there is a samenes in it, from the barrenness of our lar guage, yet it is popular and pleasing. What does any Body care for the dead? Sºme fool said, “why don't you waitill we are dead.” The booby'—I might die mysel in the meantime, and many a good and bad man would be consigned to oblivion. Besides I wish to write books that people will read, and I find that there is nothing like throwing in plenty of spice, and possibly many gentle SENATE. 111 - men may not like his portrait (for which he can give no reason.) yet twenty other gentlemen may, and may buy the book for the sake of the portrait, just as we buy the portraits executed by painters, and he will buy it himself for the sake of twenty other portraits. But to the point. I (not yet being able to walk) was carried into the gal- lery of the Senate, which I found dark and crowded by vulgar men and boys. It was a most abominable place either to see or hear," and the chamber itself wants more light. I was scarcely seated, before the members were ap- prised of my visit to the gallery, and we soon had empty benches; many however, stood their ground, while the runaways returned at the ringing of the bell, and finally finding I was bent upon it, they resumed their seats. I was much gratified to see my Black book, published only the preceding day, on several of their desks, and seemed to attract their attention from the debates. I was person- ally acquainted with but few of the Senators, Hon. Messrs. Eaton, Sanford, Knight, Van Buren, Woodbury, Webster and Tazewell, were all that I had ever seen or spoken to. All these, excepting Hon. Webster, I have noticed in the preceding volumes. I was very anxious to see senator White of Tennessee, and inquired him out the first man. Having been familiar with his fame for many years back, I longed to see a man of whom I had heard and read so much. I had formed very extravagant opinions of most of the leading members of the Senate, but none more so than Judge White—I was not disappointed—he was sitting by Mr. Eaton, and see- ing him look up, Judge White also looked up, by which I caught his eye. He is an elderly man, of good height, and remarkably spare; his face is oval, thin and narrow, his eye is a light blue, very mild, his countenance is grave, and immoveable, he seems to be nothing but boneande muscle, his hair a little grey, is worn something like th "The gallery of the Senate Chamber has, since this, been altered; and is now very handsome and commodious. 112 SENATE. Quakers, parted in front, lying close to his head; wisdom is stamped on every feature of his face, and he combines more simplicity than any member present. This "modern Socrates (for he reminds me of that phi. losopher) rises slowly from his seat, when about to address the chair, and with his eye resting on the floor, and his body bent forward, he commences speaking; at first low, but by degrees his voice assumes a bolder tone, and his body becomes erect. Mr. Eaton I have noticed in the first volume of the Black book. - The next who caught my eye, was the Hon. Senator Benton, of Missouri. His towering height, and interest ing person, was very striking, as he sat behind the other members; I cannot exactly say what his height may be six feet at least. His figure is noble and commanding he is quite a young looking man his face is remarkably fair and beautiful, his eye is a large bright blue, his coul. tenance open, gay and intelligent, with light hair; hº manner like his person, are at once engaging and dignified In short I should say that in appearance Mr. B. has few equals. - Hon. D. Webster is also a man of good size; in make and height, nearly six feet I would suppose. He is likewise, a young looking man for a Senator; wº an erect, handsome form; his complexion is dark, his haſ is jet black, his face round, with a high smooth forehead his eye is a darkgrey, large and prominent, and distinguish ed by a searching keenness, peculiar to him; his countº nance is grave and dignified, and his manners are emº mently so. I have often seen Mr. W. since I have been in the Atlantic states, and never recollect to have set him smile but once. He appears to most advantage whº speaking; his manner is smooth, unhaken, and collected and when warm, his gestures are graceful. Mr. W. id to be a man of the first legal knowledge in the Uniº States, and a man of unbounded benevolence. He wº amongst the first to extend relief to me upon my first visit to Washington city, and has ever since been my constan SENATE. 113 - patron, though I never spoke half a dozen words to him (I believe not one, except to salute him) in my life, and his is the first time I have noticed him particularly" The next is Senator Smith, of S. C. He got up to oppose Mr. W. and having more humor than elocution, ºted laughter instead of conviction. The question un: del debate was the break-water of Nantucket, which Mr. Webster supported. “These Yankees,” he said, ºwere always coming here with their molasses and witch: es and things.” Mr Smith is rather advanced in life, of middle height, and robust make; his complexion is ruddy. his face round, and countenance open and gay. I would suppose he was an excellent man from his looks, Senator Bertien of Georgia, deters me, combining as he does, every grace of mind and person; he is a man of young appearance, and certainly has been cast in nature's best mould. He is tall and slender, with one of the finest turned figures; his face is fair, smooth, and oval, with a high retreating forbead, every feature is in its place, his eye is blue and brilliant, his hair is auburn, his counte- nance at all times suffused with an indescribable charm, while an artless smile plays on his lip, and modesty tinges his cheek. His manners, I would not attempt to describe as I would only do him injustice, and the music of the sphere is in his voice; such is Mr. Berrien of Georgia, or rather such is a faint outline of the man of whom (excepting a short speech of his in the papers) had nev- er heard. He is said to be a man of fine talents, and to have much weight in the Senate. In a word, Mr. Ber- rien lacks nothing to render Georgia proud of the acqui- sition. Senator Ellis, of Miss has a young appearance, is of good height, light make, and well turned figure; his face is oval, and features regular, with deep black hair; his complexion is rather sallow, his countenance displays at once much good sense and good nature. His manne has great dignity and grace; he is always in his seat, and is a very pleasant man. - *Messrs. Webster, Berrien, Smith of S. C. White, Johnson, K. and one or two others were all I heard speak. - 10% 114 SENATE. Senator Johnson, of Ky. I had long been familiar with his name and merit, but this was the first sight I had of the man who figures highin the pages of history; he is the same who killed the fierce warrior, Tecumseh, and distinguished himself on many occasions during the late war by the most consummate bravery. I had been sometime in the Senate before I discovered his laurel decked brow, but he was not long to be concealed. He got up to speak, but being at the extremity of the chamber, I had not a good view of him, and was quite displeased. The moment he arose, every eye was turned in that direction, and I was told “that is Col. Johnson, of Kentucky.” Col. J. is alike undaunted in the field and the Senate; his words flow like torrents, marked with a boldness and energy peculiarly his own. He seemed tº play equally with words and opponents; he uproots moun tains, “Like the rude wind, “That by the top doth take the mountain pine “And make him stoop to the vale.” He sees right from wrong, at a glance, and seems tº separate the gold from the brass, with astonishing facil ty. Col. J. is of middle age, and common height, his fact is round, with an arched brow, and open manly countº nance. His features are large, but well proportioned and his complexion rather pale. His hair is a light at burn”. Senator Parris, Me, comes next, another good statesman and a handsome speaker. Hon. A. Parris has been hon ored with the highest offices in his country, though still a young man. He is one of the ex-governors of Maine A few days since he made a bold and splendid speed against the tariff. This speech now before me, displays the knowledge of a statesman, and the eloquence of an or *Since this was written Col. Johnson has immortalized his name, iſ it were not before, by his able report as chairman of the committee," whom was referred the petition against Sunday mails. The report will appear at the end of this volume, it being one of the ablest documents ever penned. - #Recently appointed Supreme Judge. SENATE. rator. He seems alive to the injury his state will sustain by the passage of the bill. - Mr. Parris is a stout built man, with a round full face, soft blue eye, and ruddy complexion. His manners are genteel, and very captivating. . . Senator Chandler also of Maine, is an able and watch- ful member. He is over middling age, and of common height; his face is round, fair and full, his eyes are blue, and lively, his countenance open and manly, his manners, frank and genteel; he is a heavy robust man. Senator Johnson of Louisiana, I had not a good opportunity to see; he appears to be astout, young looking man, and a good fig- ure; his face is round and fair; he is quite a gentlemanly looking man. Senator Harrison of Ohio, is of middle age, and rather over middling height; his face is thin and oval, his com- plexion fair, and his countenance serene and studious; he is affable and engaging; he is said to be an amiable man. Senator Barnard of Pennsylvania, is a noble fine fig- ure, and one of the finest faces in nature, with a high retreating forehead, and fine blue eye; he seems to be quite a gentleman in his manners, and very engaging countenance. Senator Smith of Md. is at once one of the ablest and most respectable members of the Senate; he is advanced in years, and if I am not mistaken, has long been a mem- ber of congress; his person is stout and tall, with a steady countenance, which indicates a highly improved mind; his manners like his mind are elevated and gentlemanly. He and Hon. Barney of the House, are all I have to boast of from my native state. Not one of the other members even evinced the least disposition to be acquainted with me, and of course I would not court their acquaintance. Mr. Dorsey was pointed out to me once, the others. I would not know if I were to meet them; nor do I deem them worth knowing. I shall, however, always be proud *Since these remarks I was introduced to the family of Hon. S. Smith in Baltimore, who, as may be supposed, are the first people in Maryland. - 116 SENATE. of the two gentlemen justmentioned. But we will finish the drawing Senator JMcLane, of Delaware is decidedly one of the best speakers in the Senate, he is a leading member, and a man of great worth, and certainly the most eloquent speaker I ever heard, though not being a judge, I ought not to give an opinion. He has a mostfacinating manner. and his personal appearance, very attractive, shows tº great advantage when engaged in debate; his words flow like water, and his gestures are easy and graceful; his style is meat, and his voice clear and musical; he com: mands great attention while speaking. Mr. McLane is a tall slender figure, with a fair triangular face, a large intelligent eye, and (I ask his pardon) a little bold. Senator Willey of Con, is of middle age and height. and well formed; his face is oval and thin, with a very intelligent keen eye; his manners are pleasing. - Senator Robbins of R. I. is a wee man, something like myself, and somewhat deformed. But his countenance and manners are quite pleasing, and the ladies I am told are very partial to him; they call him “their sweet little robbing” he in return is always singing sweetly to them, or entertaining them with some amusing story. He could not for the soul of him sit still long enough for me to take his likeness, but was continually skipping over to see and chat with the ladies. But to the picture, he is queerly made, his person exhibiting hills and hollows, he is singu- larly little, and low of stature I mean. His nose and his chim have come together, and I would suppose the mod- dle of Dr. Syntax was taken from him. But he has a very cunning eye for all that, and a gallant countenance. Ladies I wish you much joy with him. Senator Silsbee of Mass, oh! now poor Mr. S. you are afraid of your nose. But don’t be frightened, it is moth- ing to an Alabama nose; If you cannot believe me, ask Hon. Gabriel Moore, or Senators McKinly or King—ask them about the man that slept out in the woods one night. near Big Nance; the musquitoes eat of about and inch of his nose, and then it was much longer than yours. His SENATE. 117 name was McBroom, he was once sheriff, and used to flighten the women out of their taxes by his nose. He and Daniel Wright, Esq. our clerknot being able to reach a house (which was ºften the case, then) slept out one night and the accident happened. Myfriends of Alaba- ma know all about it. - But I have a worse fault than this to find with Mr. S. I think he looks very much like one of those sound or- thodox missionaries. I may be, and hope, however, I am mistaken. Let him be missionary or not, I would take him to be a man of deep thinking, from his keen counte- nance, and I would suppose a man of talents. Senator Branch of N.C. is in the prime of life, though very grey for his years; he is a fall good figure, dark complexion, oval face, good features, and a very gay open countenance; he is lively and facetious, and partakes largely of that urbanity common to the southern gentle- men. From his peculiar easy manner and countenance, he had attracted my attention some time, but particularly from a humorous contest between him and Mr. Eaton, on the subject of a wine measure. A Mr. near the city of Washington, it appears has cultivated the grape to some extent, and has discovered a method of making wine, superior to any in practice hitherto known in the United States. It seems that this gentleman appealed to congress for their patronage. Mr. Branch supported the measure, what ever it was, and was opposed by Mr. Eaton, on the ground that he, Mr. E. preferred foreign to domestic wine. I merely suppose this from the humo- rous remarks of his friend, Mr. B. for I did not attend to the subject of debate, further than the drinking of wine. They pursued the subject in perfect good humor, and finally set the Senate to laughing. But Mr. Branch was defeated, I have myself been invited to visit Mr. to taste his wine, and eat grapes, and though I could not join him in a glass of wine, I regret that want of time deprives me of the pleasure of eating a few of the grapes, and 118 SENATE, though I never will sanction the drinking of wine, or in- deed anything but water, yet as our great folks will have it, I would rather patronize our own country. Being a friend to domestic improvement, I am by no means in fa. vor of sending our money out of the country, for what we can make ourselves, and if we have money to spare, let us give it to our own citizens. Whatever is the ben. efit of one is the benefit of the whole, and whatever is the benefit of the whole is the benefit of one. But to gº on, I had trifled away so much time in saluting my friends and the time for adjournment of both Houses drawing near, my portraying was reduced to a very few minutes, and being constantly surrounded by my friends, anxious to enquire after my health, even these few minutes could not possibly be strictly devoted to the subject. A few more and I have done for this day. One of the snags comes next, Senator Chase, of W. His presence, however, was not necessary to remind me of his state, as I was at that moment in infinite pain from having sat up so long and having no place to rest my foot I shall therefore cut the business short with him. Mr C. is a very stout man with a large handsome face, fair com: plexion and dark hair, but as grim as the Green Moun. tains. One would have thought he would have come for ward (as I was pointed out to him by several) and have condoled with me, or in some manner have apologized for the barbarous usage I met with in his state, but he had too much of the missionary and too little of the gentle. man in him for that. Senator Cobb, of Georgia, like his colleague, Mr. B. is a very gentlemanly young-looking man, though I had a very imperfect view of him. Sen: ator Hendricks, of Indiana, is a large handsome figure and quite of young appearance. His features are very fine and fair. His countenance is gay and his manners though rather distant, are easy and polite. And las though not least, is my friend, Senator Moble, the col- league of Mr. Hendricks. Gen. Noble, rightly named. having brought a letter with a message from my brother of whom I had not heard for several years, led to an acquaintance, and all who have ever had the honor of SENATE. 119 being acquainted with the General will readily admit that he need only to be seen to be admired. He is one of those very rare men who carry their souls in their bodies, and of course (as none but a fool would reject the essence) the first sight of Gen. Noble inspired me with esteem. Nothing but my pledge to the public to deal alike by friends and foes could bring me to mention General N. as he really is. Being a man of the finest feelings, I have therefore to contend not only with his feelings but my own. Besides, this, may be the only opportunity of perpetuating so much worth. “Let them die first,” said a man to me once. This unhappily seems to be the mot- to of our country to suffer good men to live and die un- noticed and unknown, while honors and emoluments are heaped upon the bad. Thou fool, did not God say “let there be light, and there was light.” None but a fool or a tory would wish to follow the slow steps of Europe. No! America shall have laws and maxims of her own and dictionaries of our own. Look at our Webster and his ºmerican Dictionary, though he did compose it at the rate of “eight hours per day in London.” Yet still it is American, say what you will, and the price Ameri- can too; a “good sound Presbyterian” price.” But to return, Gen. Noble is of good height and heavy make, about forty years of age, I would suppose. His complexion is rather dark, his face round and full, with a sparkling black eye and very comely features. But it is in his countenance you are to look for his peculiar charac- terestic; somild, so soft, so innocent, he seems to have been moulded by the kind hand of charity herself, nor has she failed in her design. He is humanity and benignity itself. He visited me in my afflicting confinement, and did what every good man never fails to do, administered comfort and relief and by his sympathy and kindness, tended no little to enable me to support my trying situation, being in extreme pain, and compelled to compose at the rate of *That “good sound Presbyterian,” Converse, in order to gull the people, always said Mr W. was engaged “20 years in London.” As if a blockhead could write better in Lºndon than America. 120 SENATE. 16 to 20 pages per day. These sort of men can never be sufficiently estimated living or dead I had like to have overlooked Senator Dickerson, of New Jersey. Mr. Dickerson is a man of very dignified appearance. Being a tall noble figure with a majestic countenance and highly polished manners. He is of mid- dle age, with a good oval face, strong features and avery intelligent eye. - These were all of the members I was able to notice this day, as many left their seats when I first appeared and never returned; others sat with their backs to me, and others again were concealed by their neighbors. The President, Mr. Calhoun, I have described in my Sketches some time back. He looked much thinner than when I first saw him, though ease and contentment saton his brow. His mind seemed to be turned inward and with a placid resignation, without moving a muscle of his face, he kept his eye on the speakers. I was pained however, at the sight of his secretary, "gloomy Presbyterian, who looked (as agentleman whosa near me aptly remarked) as though his face were made of the lava of Mount AEtna It is astonishing that the reli. gion of these people effectually conquers nature, and changes the features of the human countenance into ter. rific savageness. As far as this man could have been seen he would have been taken for a “good sound Pres byterian,” very little to the honor of the President of Senate, which ever appointed him; and why men so dan: gerous to our liberty, now so evident, are retained in such high offices is unaccountable, while many able and patri otic men can be found that would fill the office !". better. This man’s countenance is quite appalling. Na: ture or art, one, has lavished the dismals upon him with bountiful hand. He looks like nothing human, though he is a tall good figure in human shape. His visage is long and black, and his forehead narrow, and vengeance and bloodshed are in his countenance. He is exactly the mon: ster he would make his God. I was attacked in a hostile manner by one of the clerks of the Senate, another Pres: byterian, for the honor of our wise government. Being SENATE. 12] old this fellow was under the control of the Secretary, addressed anote to him, and what was the result? Why at this same visit this very day, two hours since the same ſuffian came into Gen. Bayley's room where I was sitting: and insulted me grossly; and I believe firmly that had it not been for the presence of one or two of the messen. gers, who witnessed the whole affair, he would have laid violent hands upon me. - Wishing to speak to a few of my friends, the members, before I went into the Senate-chamber, Gen Bayley very politely gave me the privilege of his room. The mem. hers therefore came into see me, and continued to chat till the bell would ring for them to go and vote, when they voted they would return. This fellow, hearing I was in the capitol, quit his business in an upper story and came in search of me, and standing behind the railing like ano- ther traitor, taking the advantage of the absence of my friends, came in and insulted me. At that time I was una- ble to walk one step I immediately apprised the Secre- tary of this second outrage, but doubtless as they are both Dr. Ely’s “good sound Presbyterians,” the matter was approved; and yet these men are kept in the govern- ment, and honest men putout, and still they say “we are not ungrateful” - Now tell me why this man, and every man of them, re- ceives such extravagant wages, and why they are suffer- ed, paid by the quarter, to leave their business? and what business had this man at all to intrude upon me into a place of allothers sacred to the rites of hospitality? Yet these are the men that the king of the band wants for his “Judge and President and Ruler, &c. &c.” I suspect this fellow is to be chief hangman—an hundred gallows- es (as may well be supposed) are pictured in his counte- nance. He is even more appalling than his friend the Secretary. It is very clear that something is rotten in our govern- ment, or these enemies to its vitals would not be cherish- ed in its bosom. “But these men have been in a lon time,” it will be said, And for this reason alone they ºught to be turned out and let others of equal right sº 11–Vol. III. - 122 SENATE. least share a little of the loaves and fishes. It is their being in so long that has rendered them so dangerous So many of them being already in office has induced their fellows out of office to unite with them to establish their religion, and have at length came out boldly for that pur. pose. I hope the dignity of our country may be no long. er prostituted in this manner. These people never failſº lead me from my subject. Taking leave of the Senate I have merely to remark, that some of the members being mentioned in my other works, I refer to them: Hon. Van Buren is one—he seems to have great weight in the Senate, but I did not hear him speak, Hon. Hayne, of S. C. is also of great weight. He is a man of much elegance of manners, but lament to have lost the minute I took of his person. Sen. ator Woodbury is the most attentive member I saw Nothing can draw his eye from the speech-making gen tlemen. He watches them and the chair like a hawk—he never withdraws his eye—and the moment he disapproves anything he jumps up like lightning and puts his veto upon it. He is very dignified in or out of his seat. But no state is more ably represented than Tennessee, or per haps so ably. I beg pardon of Alabama. It is ver ably represented. Hon. Messrs. McKinley and King are amongst the first members of the house. Mr. McK is said to be a man of the first talents and an eminent law yer. He is a middle aged man, of stout make and ver engaging, dignified manners. I had the pleasure of bein acquainted with him and Mr. McK. in Alabama, and have noticed them in “Letters from Alabama,” not yet pub: lished. I had also seen Hon. King, some time back, and remember him well, as he rescued meonce from the black bullies at Mr. D–’s. But neither he nor Mr. McK. wer present to my knowledge to-day. Mr. King has a youn look with a good figure and every quality of person an mind to render him noordinary member of society, hisman ners being of the first order. As well as I recollect he is ra ther pale, but his features and countenance are very intº resting. Hon. Sandford and Knight I must not pass º Though acquainted with them both sometime back, on º sex Atº. 12.3 occasion, though they knew of my misfortunes and saw a number even of strangers coming up to speak to me, they both passed by without saying a word; a gentleman is always polite—in fact if he is a gentleman he cannot act otherwise. while engaged with the members, both my eyes and ears were often attracted by the visitors who called to hear the debates. The gallery being small and dark, they were allowed to sit below at the back of the Senators. I had myself descended from the gallery, being unable to see or even sit with any sort of pleasure. Taking a seat with the reporters for the convenience of ink and paper, these visitors would often seat them- selves near me without any knowledge of my person. At length discovering who I was, the bench would soon be cleared. These would hardly be out of sight till another drove would come, and would, in like manner, decamp. But it was amusing to hear their conversation, and see their wild states. At the further end of the lobby they thought them- selves secure, and indulged in pointing at me, grinning, whispering, and pulling their hats and bonnets over their faces. The ladies generally sat, and the gentlemen would stand before them with their backs to me—good—it is well they are afraid of somebody—it is more than they can say of their God, or the i-s would not be found in the canal. There were, however, some very genteel people pre- sent of both sexes, though I counted five gentlemen at once with their backs to me One gentleman in particular, of tolerably easy manners, one of the foreign ministers, sitting not far from me, lean- ing the side of his head upon the head of his cane, never withdrew his eyes from me the whole time—he must have been smitten. Sometimes he would get up and walk the lobby before me. If there be any mistakes in the portraits it must be ascribed to this great dignitary. had quite a genteel beau on my left, Mr. O'Conner, an Irish gentleman, who was of great service to me in pointing out the members. He was one of the reporters, 124 SENATE. and a most intelligent, gentlemanly man. He was very attentive, and, doubtless, sacrificed his time to serve me I am much indebted to the politeness of this gentleman, whose polished manners might fit him for the first draw. Ing rooms. Notwithstanding I labored under great disadvantages: having never been in the chamber before, and not know- ing one of the gentlemen in the present sketch, except. ing Mr. Webster, the continual moving of the members over the floor, and the distance of the view, it was easy to mistake one gentleman for another, which, possibly, may have been the case. It is a difficult species of writ: ing, and to portray correctly, it is always necessary tº see the eye, and particularly, the color. I find too I am most happy in describing those I have conversed with but I had never spoken to one of those whose portrails are taken, excepting Mr. Webster. And some friend was almost constantly speaking to me, and being in great pain from my wound, it was certainly an ill-timed pro- ject, but the public would have it so, and from unavoida. ble causes the thing had been often put off - I was not in the chamber much more than two hours, and was unable to write half of the time. This apology it is hoped, will be thought reasonable I did intend to devote another day to the Senate, and try to finish the sketch, but found it impossible. The balance of the mem: bers, therefore, will be noticed another time, either with or without their consent. They may laugh at their neigh- bors now, but the time will come round when their neigh- bors may lºugh at them. When the Senate adjourned, many of the gentlemen who were in, came up and were introduced by their friends. My Tennesseans on one side, and my Yankees on the other, pointing to the Yankee gentlemen, the Hon. Chandler, Parris, &c. I asked my southern friends ºf they were not what I had represented them, and whº fault could they find in them?” “A good specimen, Mrs. R. we like these Yankees very well.” The inference was, that they liked these because they had seen them. and disliked those they had not seen; a good mode of rea- House of REPRESENTATIVES. 125 soning. The Yankee gentlemen were equally, pleased with my southern friends, and it seemed to be a jubilee. I cannot account for that prejudice (deep rooted it ap- pears as the mountains) which keep gentlemen from asso- *iating together. Why the savages, the brute beasts are sociable I would blame no gentleman for spurning the Hartford Convention fellows, and the missionaries—the only enemies we have, except the English: I spurn them myself in short we ought all, east and west, north and south, to love one another, and unite in making our ene- mies fear us As Congress was expected to rise in a day or two, I rested and doctored myself up a few days, and was car- fied into the gallery of the House of Representa- tives. Here I labored under still greater difficulties than in the other house, from the great size and darkness of the hall. The whole of this capitol is badly construct- edin the interior, it is quite too dark, for one thing, in the hall, and the stairs are all too narrow. I had been in the hall once or twice, and had a more numerous acquaintance there than in the Senate. But the great distance of the members, and the darkness was discouraging. I had been but a short time seated, when there was a great stir amongst the members, several kissed their hands to me, while others pulled their hats over their eyes–clowns–ought to have pulled them off. There was much whispering, and some eye-glasses up. I never could see through one in my life, or I should have had one myself. - To begin with the speaker, the Hon. Stevenson. He appeared to be a stout man, in the prime of life. His face is oval, and remarkably pale, his eye is blue, and his countenance steady and sevene. He has a peculiar dignity, and very seldom if ever smiles; his face is fine. and he makes a very respectable appearance. He was dressed in a blue coat and white vest, and his hair cut very short; I could not see the color. He fills the chair º better to the eye than Mr. T, who has a clownish 00k. 11+ 126 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES: Hon. J. Ingersoll, of Conn, was an old acquaintance He is quite a young man, tall, and finely made, rather slender, his face is oval, with small, delicate features, his eyes are small, black, and sparkling, and have an invol. untary motion when he is excited. His countenance is open and gay, and one of the most benevolent in the world and, at the same time, the most intelligent. In his man. ners he is affable and very engaging, and to crown the whole, he is as generous as a prince. He is a good speaker, though he does not seem to partake much in the debates. His first speech in Congress is one of the bes ever delivered in the house Mr. I appertains to one of the first families in New England, and his mother, now a widow, is, unqestionably, the handsomest and mos accomplished woman of her years in the Union. Mr. I. has a brother, if any thing, smarter than himself, and some beautiful sisters. Hon. Drayton, of S. C. is one of the ablest members of the house. He is rather over the middle age, very tall and slender, erect, and finely shaped. His face is oval, thin, and narrow, and features indicative of grea sense and genius His countenance is contemplative and immoveable; he appears at all times buried in thought His manners are of the highest polish, but very dignified, and rather distant. Much to the honor of this gentle man he divided the contents of his purse with me when was poor, and a stranger, and in distress! And though he has, doubtless, forgotten the circumstance, I never shall! These are the true monuments of greatness, and are more durable than brass or marble. In gratitude to him, I recently presented him with a copy of my late work, but his great soul refused to receive the price of charity, and sent me the money. He certainly is a mos enviable character. Hon. Dutee Pearce I have described in another vol. ume. Here let me observe, that a legislative hall is like the rest of the world, a rough and smooth place, a little good, and a little bad, so I just take the members as they Côme, HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, 12; Hon. C. F. Mercer, of Wa, comes next. He looked won- drous pleasing, and quite dissolved in smiles at the very idea of being the object of my profound pen, and turned his back very carefully towards me. He began to han- iſe his papers and pen alternately—the bill of the Ohio and Chesapeake canal doubtless. Whatever the subject, he was wonderfully delighted. I thought of the sub- scription, likely he thought of it too. His person is short, and rather pursy, his neck is short, (he ought to get a piece of Mr. Silsbee's and splice it) and his nose is short. His face is round, fair, plump, and handsome. His countenance is highly spiced with good humor, with- out any indication of genius; it is quite a business face. His head is round and bald, which (bald part) shines to glossiness. He is, upon the whole, a handsome little man, and, I am told, a great favorite with the ladies, Mr. M. however, deserves much credit for the Ohio and Chesa- peake canal. That, with a ſew other matters, will per- petuate his name. He is a middle aged man, and has a habit of licking out his tongue. Hon. R. A. Buckner, of Kentucky, is of young appear- ance, of towering height, and proportionably made; his visage is long, and very intelligent. His countenance is open and pleasing; his style as a speaker is smooth and flowing, and wins much upon the ear. - By Mr. Buckner sat two members asleep; they proba- bly sat up late the previous night, engaged with state af. fairs—good representatives, doubtless—cannot see their faces—let them sleep on Hon. W. S. Archer, of Va. Of Mr. Archer it will not be expected I should say much, having the honor of be- ing his relative. He is reckoned a man of talents, and a tolerable speaker. His language is good, but his style is too prolix, he loses his subject in a multiplicity of words. This fault in a speaker, or writer, is unpardon- able, as every man's object is to be understood, and the fewer and plainer his words, the more readily he will reach his object. Mr. A, is a middle aged man, tall, slen- der, erect, and well made. His face is fair and oval, with grey eyes. His countenance is steady, serene, and dignified, and his manners gentle and polished. 128 House of REPREs, Nº Atives. Hon. J. C. Wright, of Ohio, is an indefatigable deba. ter, and generally pulls an old house about his head. He spoke while I was present, but being at the opposite side of the hall from me, I could not hear him distinctly. His address appeared natural, and he seemed astonishing. ly engaged. Observing me before he got up to speak, (thunderstruck, doubtless,) he fidgetted first one way, and then another, his hat would now be taken off, and now re- placed upon his head. He would rub his face sometimes, and sometimes hold down his head. All this was very innocent. - Mr. W. is of common height and slender make. His face is pale and thin, with a sharp nose. His manners appear to be unaffected and genteel, he constantly wears spectacles, and is quite a young looking man. - Hon. P. P. Barbour is the pride of Virginia, in what- ever light he may be taken. He, unquestionably, is one of the ablest members of the house. His manners, his looks, and his speeches, prove him to be a man of strong mind, and deep thinking. He is familiar with every sub- ject, which he discusses in a masterly style. The strength of his mind is strongly marked in his countenance, which alone carries conviction. Mr. B. is a small man, com- mon height, and delicate make. His face is like no other man's. The dignity of his countenance overawes fami- iarity, with a consciousness which rests upon itself. His visage is oval, thin, and keen; his complexion is sal- low, and his countenance, at all times, grave and studious. He is another gentleman who relieved me in the hour of need, which, doubtless, he has long forgotten. Hon. Basset, of Va. is an aged man, with a shrunken cheek, long nose, and grey head, with a countenance like the Stygian pool. He turned his back upon me, so there is an end of him. Hon. S. Tucker, of S. C. is of middle age, and has a very intelligent face. He has agentlemanly appearance. but I was too far from him to notice him particularly. Hon. H. R. Storrs, of N. Y. is a man of elegant ap- pearance. He is a tall, fine figure, with a handsome. large face, open, benevolent countenance, and fair hair, House of REPRESENTATIVES: 129 with every appearance of agentleman, and a man of good sense. Report speaks unfavorably of Mr. S.–Something of a claim, and leaving Washington precipitately. If this be true, I hope Mr. S. will redeem his good name before my next book comes out. . - Hon. Gen. T Metcalfe, of Ky (give him all his titles) is a tall, genteel figure, with a pale thin face, and long tapering Chin, his manners and countenance are pleasant and dignified; with a brilliant black eye Hon T. Chilton, of Ky, the hero of retrenchment, is quite a young looking man, of good size; he has an oval fair face, band ome features and solt blue eye, with a projecting chim; his countenance is cheerful, open, and gay, indicative at once of humor and benevolence; he is a vehement and hold speaker. Hon. G. McDuffie, of S C is a small light man, with an oval narrow tace; his nose is rather long; his com- plexion is dark, with a small keen, dark grey eye, which flashes fire when he is animated; his countenance is staid and serene, and except when in debate, borders on clownishness. Who ever has seen Mr. M. in the mid- dle of those speeches, wherein he deals the forked light- ning and thunderbolts upon his adversaries, and then when he is silent, would scarcely know him to be the same man. He has, however, a singular expression at all times. He and P. P. Barbour, resemble somewhat in the outline, though Mr. Mc. is a more violent and warm speaker. From the noise Mr. McD. has made in the world, and from reading his speeches, I expected to have seen one of the most shining gentlemen in the world, and so per- haps I did, but the gold is in his mind, and not in his ex- terior, which is by no means striking Hon. L. Sawyer, of N. C. is a middle aged man, good height, and handsome, light figure, his face is round, with a soft black eye, and arched brow; his complexion is sal- low, his countenance mild and pleasing, and his manners are modest and gentlemanly. He is reckoned an intelli- gent member, and has been in the House ever since he was 130 HOUSE OF li EPRESENTATIVES. old enough to serve, and he certainly is a most amiable man. I feel a delicacy in saying much of Mr Sawyer, as it is well known he is a particular favorite of mine; his very prompt and gentlemanly attention to me upon my first arrival in Washington city, mentioned in another volume, does him much honor. He is humane and gene. rous to a fault, and is a writer of no little merit. Hon. W. D. JMartin of S. C. is all I was able to seed the southern members excepting Mr. White of Florida Mr M. is quite an interesting man, rather intelligent, his countenance is modest and unassuming, but I was no near enough to distinguish his features particularly. Hon. White of Florida, is a young man, of good size and figure, round face, and wan complexion, his features are regular and landsome, with a soft full eye, his coul. tenance is mild and benevolent, and his manners gented and familiar, he is only a delegate. Whilst speaking of Delegates, Hon. A E Wing, 0. Michigan, deserves notice. He very politely came intº salute me, in the Senate Chamber; Mr. W. is quite small and very young man; his face is round, and ſea tures remarkably handsome; his complexion is at one fair and ruddy; he is very pleasant and genteel in hº manners, though I quarrelled with him jes ſorous my friend Rev. Richards. Rev. Richards was the fir friend I met with in Washington, and nothing could poss bly afford me more pleasure than o see and acknowledg: my obligations to that best of men, for whose happiness shall never cease to pray. He is a Roman Catholicit well known, but no one knows his worth but myself a state of distress not to be named, the day I arrived Washington, this man, the tear rolling down his celesta cheek, pulled a dollar out of his pocket, and said “he” take this madam and go and buy you something to ". on”.” Now these black coats would roast and run tº hot irons (had they the power) through my tongue belo" *I do by no means say the lºwer class of Roman Catholics are tº than other people, all ignorant people are alike, and the same of the intelligent. - Houstº OF REPRESENTATIVES 13. they would have releived me. The more I am sensible of my present independence, the more I feel the obliga- tions I am under to those generous people who snatched me from the jaws ºf starvation; had it not been for them, those godly people would have suffered me to perish. I hope to be pardoned fºr the digression; I know of nothing more worthy of a place in any book, than the ac- tions of good men. - Hon. D. Crockett of Tenn is a stout young looking man, with an oval face, and fine open countenance, and one of the best tempered men in the world. He is full of fun and spirits, which never flag, and by his wit and sprightliness is the life and soul of friends and foes, if he can possibly have a foe. A paper called “We the Peo- ple,” just commenced in Washington, (though I believe the people had nothing to do with it) mentioned Mr. C. in very exceptionable terms. Mr. C. walking by the office a few mornings afterwards, with some of his friends called on the Editor to reprimand him for his insolence, but his good humor getting the better of him, after look- ing at the Editor some time, he told him “he had a great mind to grease him and swallow him.” He told me “he was no great scholar, he only learned to spell as far as baker.” He said he liked all the Adams men but “We the People.” He is a true specimen of the Tennessee character, warm-hearted, brave, and generous. Butlet no one encroach upon their rights No people in the union are more tenacious of their rights than the Ten- messeaus. Hon. J. C. Isaacks, of Tennessee, is one of the ablest men in Congress, but like McDuffie, he is not a showy man; to look at him you would suppose him nothing more than a farmer. He is of middle height and heavy make; hardly middle age, round face, and good features; his eomplexion is dark, and his hair very black; His coun- tenance is mild and dignified, but by no means indicative of genius, which he certainly does possess in a very emi- ment degree. His speeches and his writings, as well as his legal opinions, prove him to be amongst the ablest men in the United States. He is remarkably plain in his 132 HQ USE OF REPRESENTATIVES. dress, and simple in his manners, and quite a young look- ing man to have been a judge, which he was some years back. Hon. G. JMoore, of Alabama, is a middle sized man; his face is round, and features good; his complexion is dark, his countenance cheerful, and very benevolent; his man. mers gentlemanly and sociable; he is rather of young appearance and a very pleasant man I was acquainted with Mr. M. in Alabama, where he is muchesteemed, and is agentleman of wealth. Hon Doctor J. H. JMarable, of Tennessee, is another merry, laughter-loving man, with a great flow of spirits, and enlivening manners, his company is much courted. All these Tennesseans excel in good nature and suavity. The doctor is quite young, of middling height, and fair round face, blue eye, and very engaging countenance. Hon. B. S. J. of Virginia, is one of the finest looking men in the House but shocking, if report be true, he eats, and drinks, and wears (none of the coarsest) at other people's expense; he will have to mend his manners too I was unable to distinguish more of the Virginia members I did know Hon A. Smyth, when he and were both young. He was then the handsomest man of his day. and always a man of talents, but I have never seen him to know him since. Hon. C. Dorsey, my countryman, whom they call the broken fife, is a round thick heavy man, and makes a lu- dicrous appearance, from his manner of dressing; he wears a bobtail over-coat, and goes bobbing about amongst the members, and through lobies, with a quick movement: he is as round as a barrel, and muchlike one, his face is broad and red, and you may guess the rest. I think he was very unkind not to come and speak to his country-woman Hon. Barney his colleague, is one of the most amiable men in the House; generous as a prince; he is worth an hundred Dorseys, and has done more good in a day, than D. has in his life. Mr. B is a tall slender man, with an oval face, and most benevolent countenance; he is an in defatigable member, and a goodspeaker, he carries his point against all odds. House () F. REPRESENTATIVES: 133 Hon. J. C. Weems of Md, is a genteel looking man. advanced in years, a tall, noble figure; though he was at too great a distance to see his face. . Stepping over Maryland, we come to Pennsylvania: here is a host of good men. The Pennsylvania members, all of them strangers to me, excepting Messrs Miner and Sergeant, hearing a woman was confined, without know- ing i was publishing a book, or making any inquiry what- ever, contributed instantly to my relieſ; many of the other members followed their noble example. But I have not time to go into particulars, nor would it be agreeable to them. - - Hon. Messrs. JMiner and Sergeant, I have noticed before. - - - - Hon. D. Miller is the first of those Samaritans; he is in the prime of life, of good size and height, fair face, and handsome features; as to his countenance and manners, they breathe a kindred friendship: like the “mid star of eve,” his “downcast melting eye,” evinces an innate pain at the slightest hint at his generous deeds. Hon. C. Forward of Pa, like his colleague Mr. M. shrinks in agony from that applause alike due to his mer- it. Mr. F. is one of the best looking men in the house; he is stout and handsomely made: quite a young man; his face is fair and round, and his features handsome, his eye is an etherial blue, mild and steady, though beaming with all the kindred virtues of human kindness; his counte- nance is open and manly, and no human face displays more benevolence, or sincerity; like his friend, M. he does good by stealth. - Hon. R. Coulter of Pa. is not behind his friends in the amiable qualities of his mind; he is low of stature, and rather heavily made; his face is round and full, and com- plexion dark, with black hair, and a brilliant black eye, at once expressive of genius and benevolenee; his man- ners are very gentlemanly, and remarkably affable. Hon. W. Ramsey of Pa. is also a very amiable man; he is about middle age, and common height, his face is pale, and of an oval cast, and slightly ſurrowed, with a pale blue eye, his countenance has very little expression, 12 Vol. III. - 134 HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. though his manners are pleasing and genteel; he is said to be a very excellent man. Hon. S. D. Ingham of Pa. likewise amongst those gentlemen to whom I am under infinite obligation; I had not the pleasure of seeing him, which I much regret, being told he is one of the ablest men in Pennsylvania.” Hon. J. Buchanan of Pa. is almost a giant in size, as well as mind. No description that the most talented writer could give, can convey an idea of Mr. Buchanan he is quite a young man (and a batchelor, ladies) with stout handsome person; his face is large and fair, his eye a soft blue, one of which he often shuts, and has a habi of turning his head to one side; his countenance is ope and manly, and to crown the whole, a Chesterfield in his manners, and a great politician. . - I merely had a glimpse of the celebrated G. Kremº but could not risk a description. Passing on through New Jersey, which is not the ſis time, I find only Hon. E. Tucker. Mr. T. is quite a smal man, but of very interesting appearance. He is advance in years, but of very sprightly gay manners; his ſat is round, and has evidently been one of singular beat ty, his fine arched brow, brilliant eye, and mild soft coul tenance, bespeak him a man of the finest feelings. Though I have been much in New York, I know yº few of the Representatives from that state. Hon. Fº Renssalear, every body knows, I have often noticed tº pride of the human family: He has altered little in a earance since I first saw him; he appears to be bless with health, and dressed in a plain brown over-gown: h walks about the hall with a light easy step, and serent countenance, like the tutelar Deity of the place. tions. Hºffman, Ward and J. Johnson, are all that know besides. Mr. Hoffman is a singularly fine figuº and a handsome speaker, so also is Mr. Ward. Mr. Johnson is rather a small, but very amiable man. since this was penned, Mr Ingham has been reduced to the brin of the grave, and was given over by his physicians, which threw th whole state into mourning; but happily he recovered. Hous E 0F REPRESENTATIVES: 135 Hon. Everet, I have noticed also in my sketches. think he looks younger than when I first saw him, and might be taken for another Deity; he has a very fair youthful appearance, and as Mr. Noah justly expressed it, goes on in his “own meat quiet way.” Hon. Messrs. Polk, of Tennessee, Ripley and O'Bryan, of Maine, and Baldwin of Connecticut; I am sorry (as it is rather a reproach to our country) to say that having,' at much labor finished a sketch with peculiar care, the paper was stolen by some of the persons who surrounded me, Had the thief given me a little time I would soon have secured them, “where thieves do not break in and steal,” where doubtless their names are registered by the recording angel. I was much grieved upon missing it, and hope once more to have the pleasure of seeing the Honorable gentlemen." Hon. B. W. Crowninshield is of middle age and height and portly size. His face is oval and rather pale. He is noticed in several of my works—is one of the ablest members of the house and deservedly commands much attention. His family have long been eminent as orators and statesmen, and of all men he is blessed in his domes- tic family. Mr. C's family (at least the female part of it) are celebrated for the beauty of their persons and the elegance of their manners. Mrs C. and her daughters are alike unrivalled for the virtues of the sex and the el- egance of their persons. - My Hon. friends, Messrs. Wales and Mallary, of snag memory, need no description—only think of my wound. Hon. Wingate left his seat and sat behind the bar and carefully kept one of the columns between him and me. I felt sorry for his sake. - By this time I felt so weary and faint I had to be taken down. I had, indeed, been in pain the whole time, and of Course, as in the Senate, I was unable to do justice to the subject. I labored too, under the same and worse diffi- culties—having an abominable crowd around me. One "Since the work went to press, the authoress went to the house, it being again in session, with the view of seeing the gentlemen; but ei- ther they were not present or she was unable to distinguish them. - 136 HOUSE of ºpiºs ENTATIVEs. broad-faced Scotchman vulgarly dressed came and seat. ed himself by me as soon as I began to takes notes. soon drove him away. He was as thick as long, and had not a bad countenance, but I was not to be intruded upon I was next plagued by a young buffalo. I mean a two legged one. He came from Buffalo, New-York—had often before this intruded upon me. He was hardly gone before a little sun-burnt, speckled-faced ſop, dressed in a blue over-coat and buff colored clothes, with greateſ. frontery came and seated himself close by me. An old ſlapped hat miller with a meally coat came next and stated wonderfully when I told him to go somewhere else. Meantime another little ſop was walking back wards and forwards between me and the members. A man with a foreign phiz and long purple nose (al these foreigners have long noses) would take no hint, but sat it out. Another impudent man sat down upon my papers (I suspect him of stealing my notes) he was genteel looking man. Sometimes the members would come up and scatte them for me. I was much pleased, however, to meet with an old at quaintance now and then, and was particulary gratified by an interview with the brother of Gen. M'Comb, who we ry politely made himself known. It was the first time knew the General had a brother. He was quite an in teresting young man and lived in some of the adjoining states. - My greatest pleasure, however, was meeting with my friend and old acquaintance, Mr. Bennet, of N. Y. Ano. ther gentleman whom I had often met, by the name 0 Hills, came forward to salute me. - I cannot omit my friends, Messrs. G. & S. G. thought, looked condemned, which proved he had som feelings left. He soon, however, left off writing, an with his head hung down, walked out. S. sat still will his side towards me, and keeping one of the column: between him and me, continued to write. He looked pale, and his hair was long and frizzled. ENGLISH IN WASHINGTON. 1:37 It will be recollected that I promised these gentlemen a hackling in my last volume. . . . . If the good of one's country ought ever to be sacrificed to friendship and gratitude, it ought in the present case: but no man who does not deserve to be a slave will sacrifice his country’s good for any consideration, and of course no woman. When I first came to Washington these gentlemen rendered me all the kindness and assis- tance their means afforded, and particularly Mr. G. He is a most benevolent man, and I believe would give the last cent he had in the world to the distressed. I shall ever feel grateful for their kindness, and hope they may meet their reward, but not at the expense of the dignity of our country. The amount of their bounty was, to be sure, a trifle; but coming in good time, it was a great deal. But I am very far from being bribed by gratitude to stand still and see my country degraded, and not only de- graded, but betrayed into the hands of the English. For the honor of our country, our métropolis I mean, we have four Editors in the city, three of them are English. We have three booksellers and two of them are English; the very refuse of that country. This is not all, we have English and Scotchmen (not much better) in our depart- ments, and placed at the head of our public workmen, and all at extravagant wages. These foreign men pat: Ponize their own countrymen, and the Americans must starve in the streets. This has been the case some years back. A foreigner is at the head of those now engaged at the Penitentiary: two more at the Capitol. One wild beast gets 1500 dollars for doing nothing to the Capitol Square. This man would not, in his own country, be employed as a gentleman’s lacquey. He is a most insolent wretch. Why is this? why is the bread taken from our own people in this double handed manner, and given to these others? Is there no virtue or talent to be found in Ameri. cans? If not, then let them surrender the country in name as well as in fact, to those people. These English go. vern the city at this moment. Whoºl shall we have for a mayor but an Englishman; and that is not the worst, 12* - 138 ENGLISH IN WASHINGTON, these English supplied with plenty of British gold, regu. late every measure within it. This I firmly believe, as I. being obnoxious to these fellows, have suffered conside. rably, and doubtless from no other quarter. - The Vice roy here, P. T. has long had the Intelli. gencer under his thumb. It is said that the Editors and he have a perfect understanding about money matters, and though did not actually see the money received, others have; what this is for, no one knows: not for nothing surely. I had detected Mr. G. in sundry partial things, relative to my book (as all my disputes are about books, they being the only wares I vend) I could not account for this change in Mr. G.'s, conduct, and he and I had some sharp words; this was about the time I began to make a noise in the world. But though I was at a loss then, I soon unravelled the mystery, which was a combination of the British bookselling gentry to crush me in the bud. I gave them a piece of my mind in another place. So it was, this Mr. P. T. took great offence (what insolence they have) and Mr. G. being another Englishman, and his devoted servant, returned my advertisement and the money, (he got most on the other side) so there is the PRESS stopped by British influence. - As G. is an Englishman himself, this is not to be won- dered at. But the wonder is that, these traitors are pat- ronized by our government. Is there no virtue in our land? It would seem so.” And did this English traitor think he could stop the sale of the work—ah Josey—you missed it widely—did he think no other Editor would advertise the book. Much to the honor of Gen. Green. he advertised the book and returned me the money, ac- companied with a polite note. A few days afterwards I drove by PT's splendides tablishment, the finest on the Avenue, and there I saw several boards out six feet in length at least, with bills of English books. For fear they would not sufficiently disgrace America, by setting them against the * of the - *Since this went to press, Congress, to its honor, has turned ºut º, and S. and elected Gen. G. in their stead. “Hail Columbia.” PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 139 house, they were carried over the pavement and leaned against the shade-trees: the impudent miscreant. But I do not blame him, I blame those who patronize him. Take hold of the Intelligencer: whole collumns are filled with foreign books by P. T. and I believe the same in the Journal; thus these English are enjoying the fruits of our hard earned liberty. There is Messrs. Bartow & Co. oppressed alike by English booksellers and English Editors, scarcely make their salt. Not contented to patronize these traitors in the Editorial and bookselling line, English paper is used in the departments. This is the beauty of freedom. It would rouse the indignation of a saint. Whilst on the subject of booksellers, a word more. It is recollected that Messrs. Bartow & Co. (a most amiable mam every one knows Mr. Bartow to be) sold a number of my books. And the missionaries being equally hostile to me; one of them, the same ruffian who insulted me in the Senate, told Mr. Bartow or his partner, Mr. Ball, that “he would do every thing against him—that he would not only not purchase of him himself, but would do every thing in his power to prevent other people from purchas- ing.” Did he learn this in his bible? There was no dan- ger of him or any other “Sound Presbyterian” purchasing of Messrs. Bartow & Co. They take care to deal only with each other; they have their Editors and Booksellers too, to our eternal disgrace. I have mentioned this circumstance with a view of drawing the attention of the public—the virtuous part of it toward Messrs. Bartow & Co. and trust they will reward them by extending their patronage to them as some re- muneration for the injury, and insult they sustained by the combination of these formidable traitors. I do not pretend to dictate to Congress, but I trust for their own sakes, the sake of their constituents, and the honor and safety of their country, they will hunt up some Ameri- cans to do their work. Let the English support English. If they will flock to our country let them be supported by those who sent them. Our whole country is swarm- ing with them; upon treacherous designs, doubtless, and 140 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. what wonder, when they are openly patronized at out seat of government. - It appears that New York has determined to drive them out of that city, and I hope the example will teach others to do the same. I waited at the bottom of the steps till the house ad. journed, as I wished to speak to my friends. Meantimel was highly displeased to find Miss F. at her old stand. and the grog tables sitting as thick as ever As they came severally up to see me, I pointed out those nuisances and threatened them with a fair tornado, if there was not a speedy and thorough reformation. They all laughed, made fair promises and said it should be done. I believe the saucy rogues were a little afraid of me.* As it was some time since I had visited the Depart. ments, I was resolved, nothing fearing, to pay them my respects and see how they are going on, particularly as was anxious to see my dear friends, Auditor Lee and Mr. Nourse. Accordingly when I recovered so far as to hob ble along, I set off and took Pennsylvania Avenue in my way, as I had a few old accounts to settle with them. I had been told that the prickly ash was good for the rheumatism, and as I did not wish to intrude upon his Right Honorable Highness, Mr Foy, (I think it is the name of the monarch of the square,) by taking the ash without his sovereign leave, I called in to see him. found him in an elegant parlour, sitting cross-legged reading a newspaper. I took the liberty to tell him thought he had fine times of it, and that his men, whom observed as I walked along by the square, were idle *Since this Miss Fºs temple is torn down and she and the grog-sº lers, cake sellers and fruit women and other wenen are banished the place. I thought once I never would love Congress. But I do begin to feel attached to them now, and I hope they will enhance my es: teem and the esteem of the world, by putting it out of the power of these Presbyterians to carry any of their points. If they do not the may expect a civil war, for fight I will myself. I’ll be another ºn of Arc. I know vely well how to shoot a rifle; and if I don't drilian army of women and shoot every Presbyterian I can find, there is nº snakes, My motto is “Liberty or Death.”- - PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 14] No Hayti black general ever swelled with more insulted pomposity. Now this is the effect of giving these fel- lows such wages. This man, who is scarcely human (in fact I should say he was not—look at him, covered with hair) receives the same salary of a first-rate judge, viz. $1500. And what is the consequence? He is too great agentleman to work himself, and being a low Irishman, hires some of his own countrymen, who were drunk, and some standing, some lying down and idling their time away and he taking his pleasure in the house. Pat, find- ing his dignity assailed, resented it very highly, and was within an inch of laying hands upon me. Proceeding on, I met one of my friends the Judges. who walked as nimble as ever, I first stopped at a car- penter's on my right. He appeared to be a clever, sober, industrious man, and lived very comfortably. The next was a Mr. Wilson, a chair maker. I wanted to buy some chairs and I wanted to rest, as I took it afoot. I chatted with Mr. W sometime, also a clever man—he had a large shop, and had recently come from Alexandria. Setting apart 3 second hand chairs at 50 cents, went on and called (on the same side, though now I bethink myself, Ratsbane ought to have come before the chair-maker) at one Rats- bane's, a merchant tailor. He was a good looking man, though, like myself, he had seen hard times. He and i however, condoled with each other, and finally struck up a trade for a book. He had a few fancy articles which I cared nothing about, but for the sake of getting ac- quainted, as he wanted a book, I closed the bargain. I Galled next door to pay my respects to a very gentleman- ly lawyer, by the name of Moffat. He lived in style, and is quite a gentleman in his mainers, though he did not Patrºnze me, which was a wonder—perhaps he got no ſee that morning. I always rested at every house, and most of the people were (or pretended to be so) glad to *** me on my feet. Crossing the Avenue, as I was de- termined to see the whole of it, I was struck by the ap- Pearance of a very meat young man who was standing be- fore his shop door. But I kept on to Poor's, the auc- tioneer. The young gentleman's name was Gibbs, who 142 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE, seemed to be sober, and doing a pretty good business— success to him! Mr Poor had had directions to buy me some articles for house-keeping, but he was notin, and a great ugly negro who watched the store was very inso. lent. I am never insulted, scarcely, but by low foreign. ers and negroes I looked about for some officer to take the fellow and hang him. But no officer was to be found. The Messrs. Poors are very genteel, sober men (at least one was, the other, I believe takes a little) though a little tricky, if you give them the chance. Keeping the pavement, I met with my old friend and acquaintance, Mrs. Carlisle. She was coming from mar: ket, and very coldly invited me to walk in the house. I may easily be supposed I did not. Though I wondered at the coldness of Mrs. C. as she was once a fine little woman, and was one of the warmestfriends I had was not left long to conjecture—she had joined the mis. sionary ranks, the Episcºpalian Home Mission, which has precisely the effect of the others. She rather thought “I was too severeupon the missionanries.” Find. ing she had become a priest-loving woman, I took leave of her, and walked across the street to Mr. Gadsby's He has an elegant and most splendid establishment—the largest, except the exchange in Boston, I have seen Mr. G. was very polite, as he always was, and many en quiries were interchanged, after each other's health. . . As I had been charged with overlooking the people in the Avenue, I determined to see every part of it, and turned into Mr. Masi's shop. Mr. M. is a respectable silver-smith and an excellent man, handsome and genteel he unquestionably has the finest face in the Avenue. The next was a saddler, one Polkinghorn, avery mean ungen. tlemanly man all hog. Nextdoor to him are my friends Messrs. Coffendaffer & Wimsel, the stage agents, these are gentlemen at all times, and very worthy men. Next door to them is Mr. Brown, of the Indian Queen. He was glad to see me. Mr. B and I did not hit it right.” our first acquaintance, but we soon came to an amicable understanding. Brown is a good plain honest man, º his wife is a good landlady, but this is not all, he has PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 143 some handsome daughters: no missionaries. But as I travel slow, I must go on and leave them to the care of the young gentlemen: no fear of them. The next was my saucy Yankee, Dr. Todd, he always takes liberties with me. Getting some matches of him one day, I asked him “if they were good?” “Yes,” he replied, “I expect they are; but if they should notlight quick enough. Mrs. R. just look at them and they will be sure to take fire.” What impudence! Mr. Todd, however, is one of my oldest acquaintances, and a very respectable young man—yet he needs no puffing, every one knows Todd the druggist man. Next to him are Clark and Orme. Clark I do not know particularly, but Orme is an amiable young man, and most obliging. One Stettinius is next the most trifling for in the city, which is settling the business quick with him—and yet they out sell all the merchants in the city. How does this happen? Why they get all the ladies. There are three or four of them, I cannot tell one from the other, but they are alike impertinent and low to a proverb. One of them is about the size of a well grown baboon, and grins precisely like one. One man took to his heels and ran out at the back door—he was a missionary. The store was full of ladies—and I have often remarked heretofore, that the store was crowded with ladies, or at least what are called ladies. Women will love fools and missionaries. I now took across the street to see my little beau, Isaac Clark, but unfortunately he was absent. There are sev- eral of these Clarks in Washington, pretty clever. At the corner, however, I found a very genteel young man, whom I never saw before. He and I struck a bar. gain for a book and a cambric pocket-handkerchief, the first time I had been able in some years to treat myself with such a luxury.” this handkerchief whichi only used on high days, to make it goas far as it would, was stolen from me since by a missionary bookseller, Op- posite to Belzhoover's * Cruel Baltimore, how much yºu have to answer on my awount. - 144 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. Finding it took up time in crossing the avenue, Ire. turned to the right side, intending to pursue it up and re. turn down the other. Stepping into a store I met my friend, the amiable and accomplished Miss Webster, Yankee lady from Maine. This lady had often been tº see me while I was confined, and, like a true Samaritan administered comfort and relief. She is a very handsome female, and a niece of my friend Dr. Sewall. The Wash. ington ladies would do well to take pattern by her, par. ticularly in dress. Leaving this I stopped at Mauro's auction store–quit a hog. I then went up stairs to see Mrs. Turner, a very fine woman. She was always clever, and has two hand. some daughters. She keeps a boarding house, and is very deserving woman. Mrs Blake, next door, als keeps boarders, and is quite a genteel woman–both an widows. - Raphael Jones, Esq. fell next in my way. He is a kin middle aged man, and a merchant. He and I strucku a bargain for a pair of black slikhose—but I am unfor tunate in finery. These were stolen from me in a few minutes afterwards—but if ever I detect the thief – I next called to see an old friend Mrs. Cruikshanks once a fine woman. But I was grieved to find her in th missionary ranks, and changed into a poor, gloomy, famº tic–she was scarcely sane. What sins those monster of deception will have to answer. Dr. Gunton and Way and Gideon met me next never went into G–s but once. He is altogether mean man, a book in the case, Yes, he read the book. and then returned it. I would as soon steal. Messrs. Way and Gideon are printers, or publishes rather, and are very gentlemanly men Here I met with a very interesting man of Maryland, who professed him. self a great admirer of mine. (shows him a man of taste. He was an elegant looking man, and a gentleman. I he told me his name I have forgotten it. He was quite young. - I forgot to mention the pleasure of meeting with Mons P. F. Bonfils, a French gentleman, at Mrs. Cruikshank's PENNSYLVANIA-A.VENUE. 145 I had heard of Mons. B. of whom ſame speaks loud. He is the principal of a female academy in Washington, but iſ never has been in my power to visit Mons. B's acade. my, though from his appearance and manners, being a perfect gentleman, I would suppose the seminary amongst the first in the country. Mons. B. is young, learned, and affable; and yet our wise ones (fools I mean) instead of encouraging this seminary, carry their daughters off some where else. They have no plan in this city. In the course of my tour to Williamson's, keeping the same side of the avenue, often resting—of course I met with good and bad. Amongst the former was Mr. Spen- cer, a merchant. I had met with him before, and was instantly struck by his genteel and mild manners—he is a worthy object of patronage. My friend Gregory, another merchant, was absent in Europe. - - Mr. Warren, also a merchant, whom I had accident- ally met before, is also worthy of patronage, being a lib- eral generous man, and keeps a large assortment. The firm is Pairo & Co. - He lives next door to my old friend Clagett. I called on C. to see whether he had improved from the lessons I had given him. He was not so brazen, had lost much flesh, and was very pale. I think I will make something of him yet—l imagine he must be in love. Whilst I was endeavoring to compromise with him, telling him if he would buy my books I would cross it all out, and we would begin again. Mrs. W*** came in; she was lank, pale, and shrivelled; and under pretence of handling the goods, was whispering to our Soloman about me, and asked him if I was not a drunkard? Oh, fie! I would suppose from this alone that she loved a drop herself– Evil to them that evil think—so I quit Mr. Thickskull as I found him. One Holmead and were abominable, both mis- sionaries of course, they were very insolent. But the pride of this part of the avenue, are Messrs. Cooper and Keyworth, the former not an Englishman, but an English gentleman. He has a large China store, and is a man of 13—Vol. III, 146 PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. considerable wealth, he is quite a young man, though married. I had often been struck by the splendid ap. pearance of the shop, as I passed by, and had some curi. osity to see the proprietor. He very politely introduced me to his wife and mother, who were accomplished wo. men, and the whole of them. I think were Quakers. They have been but a few years from England. I would much rather patronze such men as he is, than many Americans These are the sort of men, whether foreigners or natives that keep us from sinking into Barbarism. This gem, man is mild and affable in his manners, and the ladies extremely so. “I suspect,” said the younger to the el. der lady, “this is the lady (meaning me) that we have heard so much of - Mr. R. Keyworth, also has a splendid establishmento jewelry, and a most excellent man. Having heard much of the painting of the falls of N. agara exhibited in the rotunda on the left of the avenue. I called there to give it a place in my book. Upon tel ling the man who kept it, my business—“yes, you ca. see it by paying 25 cts” there was a fool for you, and l: was the proprietor. Does this man deserve patronage Nor did I forget to call on my friend doctor Cutbush- the doctor is a Surgeon in the service of the U. S. an ap pointment which he fills with honor and trust, he has th: care of the Navy Yard which he visits daily. The doº tor is one of the first gentlemen in the city, and ranks high in his profession. He is a stout middle-aged man and has one of the finest faces in the world—generous and humane, he is the delight and admiration of all whº have the pleasure of his acquaintance. I looked for " T, as I walked on, but he does not stand in his door a formerly, since my book appeared. I saw him through the window however, and kissed my hand to him, which he did not return: surprising! At length, weary and faint, I reached Williamson's whom, through some oversight, I did not mention in tº last book, though he is thrice worthy of patronage. “A Mrs. R.” some knave will say, “does no one deserve patronage but those you point out.” Why, it appears sº PENNSYLVANIA AVENUE. I47 for whether I tell truth or not, I have the name of it. But williamson is a good clever fellow, and has a very plea: sant family, and if I were a judge, I should say he kept a good house. - - After refreshing myself, and resting an hour or two, I turned down the Avenue, as it was now too late to visit the Departments. I called to see Rev. Hawley-he was not in—what a misfortune. Seeing a lady looking earn- estly at me, near his house, I was pleased with her coun- tenance, and supposing she was anxious to see me, Isa- luted her, and told her my object was to see Mr. H. I was sorry not to find him at home. She very politely in- vited me into her house, and allured by her pleasant man- mers, I spent some time with her. I do not recollect her name, but will never forget her agreeable and friendly manners. It strikes me she kept a boarding house, and had been unfortunate in business. I continued on to the assembly rooms of Samuel Carusi. Long as I had resided in Washington, and often as I had returned to it, yet such has been my engagements that I never saw these rooms. Mr. C. was not in, but his moth- er, a very genteel young looking woman, took me through the rooms. These rooms are remarkable for their size and convenience. The upper one particularly, is adorned with some handsome paintings, this is the ball-room—the lower room, where the parties take supper, is adorned with handsome columns. Besides these, which are amazing large, there are several smaller ones, where the parties retire for refreshment. Mr. C. is much esteemed in Washington, and I was sor- ry not to have seen him, as the lady being an Italian, was difficult to understand. Mr. Carusi is an artist, and alike eminent in music and painting. I saw his portrait, which was striking; the eye black and keen, and the complexion dark. A few days after this, while I was sitting in the library opposite to the rooms, the elder Mr. Carusi came across the street to see me; he spoke the English language very plain, and related several anecdotes of his country, and proved to be a very intelligent man. I asked him several questions about Rome, St. Peter's church, &c. and 148 PEN NSYLVANIA AVENUE. spent a few minutes very pieasant with this interesting foreigner. He said that “when standing at the entrance of St. Peter's church, such was its size, that men at the opposite end looked no larger than infants.” He had travelled much in Europe, Asia and America, but found no country like America. I found nothing worthy of remark, till I got down to the office of the Journal. Not knowing how to find Mr. Force, as he has hoisted himself up to an upper story, I stepped into a store immediately under his office, to in- quire the way up. I found some genteel clerks in, and wishing to see the proprietor, whom I had intended to see in any event, I asked “if he was not in”—“mo”—I am so well acquainted with mankind, from my unlimited intercourse with them, that I saw by the looks of the clerks, they did not tell truth. “He is in I said, I expect saw me, and hid himself, (for whenever it is known I am in the Avenue, the news flies iike a whirlwind.) He must have ran in here,” and walking into the back room, there I found him squeezed up against the wall. He is uncle or aunt, cousin, or something to the Mayor's wife. Going round the corner, to go up stairs to the Journal office, I was attacked by Mr. Force's apprentices, the most insolent, abandoned rabble on the globe. I was sorry not to have found Mr. F. in, to have had the ring-lea: ders sent to the work house or gallows, they certainly will be hung. The ruffians who assailed me on my travº els were nothing to these, and such a number of them too, even small boys using the most obscene language, and looked more like a gang of monkeys, as to features, than human beings. Where Force got such a rabble from I would like to know; their hair had never been cut or combed, and of course was standing on end like bristles. Mr. Force was always a favorite of mine, he was one if not the greatest friend I had in Washington at the time I have often alluded to. He has none of that treachery about him, which G. bas; an Englishman does edit his paper; but Force is a sober, correct and generous mº and gives every thing he has away to the poor: ad- pºxNSYLVANIA AVENUE. 149 mire him, lever shall. Calling in a few days after this, I apprised him of the conduct of his printers; he was ſhe most astonished man in the world, and desired me “to point out the guilty”—“the whole of them,” I re- plied. He got up and walked into the printing rooms and I followed him, “who was it said Mr. F. that insult. ed Mrs. R. the most of them answered him by nothing but a grin. - Making a mistake in the order of my tour, I had to go back to my friend Bradley's who keeps an insurance office near the office of the Journal. Mr Bradley is the son of my friend in the General Post Office, and adjoin- ing him, I found Mr. Chambers, an ingenius engraver. Mr. C. is a very worthy man, and eminent in his profes. sion, but there is too much British influence in the city, and too much missionary influence for him, or any other artist to meet with encouragement. Mr. C. informed me he scarcely met his expenses, but were he a low bred Englishman, or a missionary, he would be worshipped. He showed me an ingenius drawing (his own execution) of the silkworm, through all its variations, from the egg to the butterfly. Also the mulberry tree, upon which the worm was represented, feeding upon the leaves. I had not time to call on my friends Mrs. Myers, and Mrs. Ball, both of whom keeps boarding houses of some repute, and were old acquaintances. Mr. Kean, merchant tailor—this is one of the most amiable and deserving men in the city. I had called on him, some time back, and was struck by his amiable manners, but had forgotten his name and place. He is as generous as a Prince, and a man of engaging appearance; he is of mid- dle age and heavy make, and has one of the finest aspects in nature. - Mr. Allen, the merchant, though he lives near my friend K, he is also an engaging genteel man, I had al- most overlooked him. One Tierny, an Irish gentleman who is little known, is one of the finest men in the city, he was poor (as all honest men are) and not able to patronize me, but this 1.3% 150 STATE DEPARTMENT. would have had no weight with me; he is a merchant tai- lor, The Dutch Grammer somewhere along here, is a poor Grammer. The Messrs. Prouts are worthy men, they are mer. chants of some distinction and respectability. The Clarcks are all pretty clever, Mr. Elkins, an at. torney, though he lives a little back from the Avenue, is a most amiable and modest man, and said to be a good lawyer. But he will never succeed in Washington. Nothing but brass—British gold, or British fire can carry the day. These are all that I recollect, worth naming, but doubt I did not see half of the people, nor was it expected I would. I merely wished to note the progress of society; since I published the sketches, I think they are rather improved on the avenue. The next day I took a carriage and went to the De- partments. Going into the State Department, I turned to the well known door on the left, where I always find Col. G. Graham, Commissioner of the General Land Office. Col. G. was at his post, and in his own smooth way, expressed much pleasure at seeing me out. He is one of my warmest patrons, and the oldest acquaintance I have in the Departments; though I scolded him for letting the books lie on the floor, covered with dust, and exposed to wear and tare. He said I must scold Con- gress, they would not allow him any thing to preserve them.” Such, he said, was the spirit of retrenchment, that the office was going to decay, or words to that amount Now these books are of value, or they are not. If they are of use, why not have them secured in cases? if they are not, why cumber the room with them? I am surpri: sed that Congress does not appoint a committee of judiº cious men to inspect these Departments, and have the books and papers properly secured. The papers are thrown about in piles, under desks, on the floor, and covered with dust and ashes, and tobacco-spit, in all, or most of these offices. In a few years they will be good for nothing. Old women could manage as well—and since STATE DEPARTMENT. 15] I have been drawn into the remark, the whole of these departments want an overhauling, they are too small for the quantity of business, and the number of hands employ- ed in them. The business rooms are all too small—it is shameful to cram from three to four men in a narrow pen, like a hen coop, where they have not room to turn round. They must have their desks, books and papers. Some of them are not more than six feet. I wonder they do not suffocate in warm weather. The business increasing daily, and the rooms as small as ever. They never were fit to do business in, they were badly constructed at first, and as for the docu- ments, there ought to be cases to put them in; in some there are cases, in others not one. I hope the people will instruct their Representatives on this subject, for nothing needs reformation more. Another thing, when I repremanded the clerks for the disorder in which I found the papers, they told me the members of Congress would come in, and in searching for some particular paper, tear the files to pieces, and throw them back all mixed up together. When a mem- ber wants a paper, he ought to ask the clerk for it, whose business it is to have it always in place; when he is done with the paper, let him hand it to the clerk. In some cases this may be the fault of the clerks, but in many cases, I know it is not, for they have scarcely room to stand; and to the honor of our wise men, there is not a fireproof room in the whole establishment. But to return, the Hon. Senator Johnston of Louisiana, was sitting in the room, and laughed heartily at the cas- tigation I gave Mr. G. and he did better than that. Mr. Pleasanton 5th auditor, rightly named, is a thin middle-aged man, oval face, and blue eye; he is a very genteel, sober man, and always at his post. Adjutant Gen. Jones, I have mentioned before. Mr. R. Forrest, is an elderly, low, thick set man, a lit- tle grey, round face, and fine countenance; he is genteel and affable, always on duty; he belongs to the State De- partment. 152 STATE DEPARTMENT. Messrs. Wood and Keller, who both write in one room, are steady and attentive to business, and very amiable sober men. I have always marked these men as faithful servants—they are quite young, good looking men. On the score of patronage, they pled poverty, and of course, I felt the more bound to patronize them. Finding their refusal made not the least difference with me, it effectu- ally removed every difficulty, and secured their friend. ship. They agreed finally, to take a book between them, if I could succeed with a methodist priest, as they, like myself, have no great opinion of the clergy. Finding they merely wished to try my talents, for the sake of the joke, I soon found the methodist preacher, a very fine man, by the bye, and soon secured his patronage. They had follow- ed me to the door to hear how I managed the methodist. But the thing was so soon over, that they were disap- pointed. I saw in a moment, what my friends perhaps never would, that this parson had one corner of his heart sacred to charity; I had his name in my notes, but have lost it. His complexion is dark, with a mild, benevolent counte- mance. Collins, who writes in the same room with him, is a very amiable and deserving clerk. The room is quite too small. Mr. J. M. Bryant, same building, was rather friendly but suspicious that I would discover something about him or his office, amiss, began to look round to see that al things were right. He had nothing to fear however, as I had observed him often as an attentive clerk. “Bu Mrs. R. you will put me in the book,” said he mournfu ly, and for his sake, I shall do so, merely for my own amusement; while resting, I sketched his person. Mr B. is a tall, slender, well turned figure, quite a young man, with an oval face, indented forehead, and a keen hazel eye; his complexion is dark, and features hand- some; his countenance soft and insinuating, and his man- mers genteel, he has every mark of a sensible man. Messrs. Robert King and Gordon, also occupy one room. Mr. King is draftsman for Col. Graham, and Mr G. assists. These are both fine men. To come to the point, wherever the principal is clever, the subordinate TREASURY DEPARTMENT. 153 officers are mostly so too, as a man of integrity will have ... other in his service; these are under Col. Graham. Mr. King is a middle aged, plain dressed, genteel man, with a very benevolent countenance. Mr. Gordon is a yankee, from my favorite Boston, of course he is perfec- tion, he was aiding Mr. K. with the drafts, in which he appeared a proficient; he is rather low of statue, quite - young, with a light figure, handsome features, and a full, black intelligent eye, as soft as the pearly dew; he is in no office it appears. Now, why do they not put Lee out, and put this gentleman, who is really a gentleman, in his place. Doctor Blake, Mr. Wm. Otis (a yankee, of the great Otis family) John M. Moore and James Larned, Esqrs. are all I saw that I could venture to recommend, though I do by no means condemn any except one Vail, he ought not to disgrace the department. J. W. King, Esq. is a good warm hearted man, and though a little given to quizzing and cups, was amongst my first friends in Washington; he is attached to the State Department, so also is Mr. McCormick & Son, and L. Smith, Esqrs.” Mr. Forrest I have mentioned. The balance of the clerks are not worth naming; the li- brarian was once a gentlemanly man, but I dare not say he is now. In Mr. Pleasanton's department, kept in the same build- ing, called the North Executive office, I know of but one clerk, Mr. Robert Barry, in the whole, that I could praise; I was much struck with Mr. Barry, a very amiable and a very young man, and for his credit and mime, he is a native of Maryland; he certainly deserves promotion. But Messrs. Mustin and Houston, or Hus- ton, or something like, are not fit to clean the rooms. Boys of 14 years old, would do the business as well, and yet these fellows between them, get $2,700; there goes the money, doubtless they are missionaries, and yet I *This young man is suspected for writing a sweet natured critique, published in Baltimore, but I am inclined for the sake of human na- ture to think he is innocent, 154 TREASURY DEPARTMENT. hardly think Mr. Pleasanton would employ missionaries: he is aware of the meanness of those men. TREASURY DEPARTMENT. Here was a terrible scampering. Old N. looking out, jerked back his head and looked, I hobbled along to the door, and knocking, told him to open the door—open the door, N. I want to see what you are about, how dare you shut the door against your master—mistress I mean. I am one of the sovereign people, I merely wish to see how you perform your duties, we pay you around sum." Maybe you are hatching treason; I don’t know that you English, if you are patronized, have a right to shut the door on us. No public office by law is allowed to be shut in business hours. But N. was silent. Now this man would be a clever man if he were not henpecked- show me a henpecked man any time, and I will show you a mean man. His wife being one of the priest loving women; of course rules her husband. Now see the dis- grace she has brought upon him, and he, poor fool, whº dare not say his life is his own, lets his wife (whom I shall bring upon the carpet in my next work, having had the honor of travelling with her in a steamboat) rule him. How careful people ought to be, to instruct their daugh: ters, as no educated female ever falls a prey to the craft of priests. See the tone these women give to every thing. This man had a son much like himself, and from the same cause Mr. M. N. his brother is quite a gentle. man, and why, because he is master of his house, his person and his purse, though I never got much out of it Now this man has 21 clerks, and 2 messengers and not a gentleman among the whole of them. Going up stairs to see a friend, Mr. Washington, I me! him at the head of the stairs, where he had been listen: ing. I told him I thought he had little to do to listen tº old women.” “Why my dear Mrs. R. who could help it, and I am afraid you will have some running and hiding up here.” As he said this, I saw a man peep through the side door. “Who is that?” “That's Mr. Newell." *$3000 a paltry sum for an Englishman, and at the same time * honest American could not get a dollar. TREASURY DEPARTMENT. 155 “My old friend of Georgia—what is he afraid of. He is one of my favorites. He has nothing to fear.” I advanced forward and opened his door-but the bird had flown. doubtless through the side door into the next room. It was through this door I saw him, it opened into a room the door of which stood open, and aware that if I fol- lowed him he would, upon hearing steps, slip into the passage and escape. But what was I to do? I had not time to stand there as he would see me out. I therefore stepped back and drew softly to the other door, which was open, where two men (ought to have been) writing. But having good ears and a much shorter distance to tra- vel than I had, he dodged me again. I stood in the door keeping my eye on the passage, through which was his aim. I asked the gentlemen “If Mr. N. had not been in there?” “No!” See the effect of example. They were quite serious; had they said so injest I would have given them credit. But a wilful falsehood—none but a pitiful miscreant would be guilty of it. A man that will coolly and deliberately tell a wilful falsehood is fit for every crime. One only was guilty, McKean, I think, was his name. How Mr. Rush stumbled on so mean a wretch heaven knows. It was doubtless him who con- taminated N. who was once a gentleman. He had the true missionary meanness in his countenance.” I resolved at length to measure my speed with Mr. N. and darted through the first and second room as quick as I could. He wore a long gown, and gathering it up in one hand, made one spring across the passage and jumped in- to an opposite room, the door of which was open. As I now had him safe, there being no outlet to the office, I marched into see how he looked. He was squeezed up behind the door; but his looks I leave to imagination. It is enough to say he no longer retained the look of a gen- tleman. Now these men get $1400 each! (It is to be hoped the New Administration will put all such men out let who will have put them in. They have rioted long enough.) Whilst speaking of these, L. is another that *I was partial to this family from fame. 156 TREASURY DEPAlèTMENT. ought to be put in the Penitentiary to save trouble, Mr. P. G. Washington, a relative of our renowned deceased hero, of course did not run, but stood and wondered, and saw it all. Mr. W. is a small, light, young-looking man, and one of the best in the world. His face is rather dark and not very handsome. His eyes are grey and his hair as black as a raven, luxuriant and glossy. His counte. nance is open and smooth as the Potomac. His manners are modest and gentlemanly. Messrs. Anthony, Dick. ens and French are also fine men. Mr. Edward Jones, the chief clerk was absent, I think confined. He is, however, a very amiable man. Secretary Rush I have mentioned in vol. 1. Mr. Anthony, a middle aged neat figure, with a round face and black eyes. His counte- nance and manners are alike pleasing and genteel. Mr. James Asbury Dickens is a young man, with a soft black eye and round face, mild countenance and very pleasant mannerS. I can see no good reason for numbering some and not all the rooms. I at first took down the numbers, intend- ing to describe them separately, but going on a while, I found some were not numbered and I gave that matter up. Hope the committee will attend to this. I suspect the clerks erased the numbers themselves. In No. 2. Treasury buildings, I found two abominable ruffians—they would disgrace a penitentiary. I had forgotten S. D. King, Esq. of the State Depart ment. These Kings are all passable men. He is a young and very amiable man, with a full, oval face, 0 fine expression. His eye is soft, grey, large, calm and benevolent. He is sober and attentive. Judge Anderson, Comptroller, I have often mentioned He is an old and faithful servant, an officer of the revolu- tion. He is a native of New Jersey, and after receiving a classical education, joined the army at the age of 19, and has never been out of his country’s service since. His office, as well as the First Auditor's, Mr. Harrison, is kept in the Treasury building. I saw none of Mr. An: derson's clerks but his chief, Mr. Laub, and Mr. Web: ster, worth naming in a favorable or unfavorable light TREASURY DEPARTMENT. 157 the chief ought to take he messenger's place and let ſh messenger take his. Two old red-faced topers were in the room with Mr. Parker, who looked like taking fire. They were low vulgar looking men, who were ev- idently put there to keep them out of the poor house. I do not know to what part they belong, They will soon however, go the road of all the clerks. Many having gone to their long homes since I was last here. Lieut. S. p. Webster is a good looking, steady young man, and is always in place. He is a tall, fine figure, round face and black meaning eye, his countenance, open and manly, has great expression. - - The new treaasurer, Mr. Clark, is a man of very fine appearance, artless and plain in his manners. He is of middle age, with an honest oval face, fair complexion, and a soft blue eye. His countenance is meek, and rather rave. - Mr. Auditor Harrison, is an elderly stout man, with a good, ruddy, round face, a little ſurrowed, and a light blue eye. He is a very gentlemanly man, and appears to be esteemed as a worthy servant of the government. His chief clerk, Mr. W. Parker, is a genteel man, with a round face of singular independence and expres- sion. This office is large and well kept. I know nothing more of his clerks, though he has sev- eral, excepting Holy Willy, and Holy Willy’s son, two “good sound Presbyterians,” who, with many others, are, much to the gratification of Dr. Ely, already in office. I hope, however, for the honor of our country they will no longer enjoy emoluments they no longer deserve. Our government must be lost alike to shame and honesty, to keep men in their service who have openly avowed themselves our worst enemies. An enemy is an enemy, whether he be wrapped in a cloak of cloth, or a cloak of religion. Many of the clerks were absent, and others were walk- ing about idle, and many of the rooms abominably dirty, though the messengers, whose duty it is to clean them, get high wages; every thing was covered with dust. 14 Wol. III. - ... O 158 WAR DEPARTMENT. All those messengers ought to be turned out excepting one M’Commel. Next day I went to the war and navy departments The first gentleman I met was Major James H. Hook, who behaved so gallantly at Fort Erie. I had never no. ticed this young man, but meeting with a man in my tra. vels who was in the battle of Erie, as we drove on he mentioned the circumstance, and related several incidents of the army, and some acts of kindness he received from particularly, Major H. The Major is a small man, who appears to have re. ceived the most finished education, and he certainly is one, if not the most accomplished gentleman attached to the army. Humane, gentle, and generous, his manners have the most impressive charm of any man breathing. And though his pay is not halſ, perhaps not a fourth of one of those hoggish messengers who do nothing, yet his hand is ever spread to the unfortunate and distressed. This is true religion, and the noblest acts of men. His figure is low and light, his face is round, rather fair, his eye (I shall never forget) is a pale blue, and his hair black. His countenance is open, gay, and benevo lent. He very politely sent one of his boys round with me to show me the rooms. Gen. Gibson, I have seen several times, is a man of towering height, and commanding appearance. He is about middle age, and very genteel manners, though rather distant. He is, however, generous and frank, with an oval face, and open countenance. He has quite a martial air, and holds the office of Commissary General for the army, and is highly esteemed. In the same room I found a very gentlemanly man by the name of Wilcocks (In fact there are none but gentlemen in the war department.) He was tall and slen- der, with a thin fair face, blue eyes, open countenance, and a remarkably small head. - These officers and clerks attached to the army depart: ment, receive little over an hundred dollars; and yet their rooms are meat, and every thing shining, not a paper out ºf place, the hearths clean, and fenders bright—the very WAR DEPARTMENT. 159 brass on the doors glittered. Now see the difference: these men have as much and more to perform than the civil officers, and yet look at their rooms with their $1,- 000 to $3,000, most of them $1,400 to $1,500. . . This gentleman, though willing, was, frºm his limited salary, unable to patronze me, nor would I have taken one cent from him. In the next room I found a fellow sufferer, I mean a ſame gentleman, old like myself, and poor too. Allured by his genteel appearance, Major Hook introduced me to him I took a seat and endeavored to console him un- der his misfortunes, which his snow-white hair betold. His blue eye glistening with the milk of human kindness, (all the evidence he had in his power to bestow of what he would be were it in his power) he arose slowly from his seat and made his bow —his name is Mitchell. I soon discovered his story without his speaking a word. He had been amongst the Goths too, and that he might not think himself the most unfortunate being in the world, I let him into the secret of my historv, but as talking would heal neither of our misfortunes, I went to see my dear friend Auditor Lee. He is always upon the look out, and as I drew near his door he opened it hastily and made the best of his way out of the building. I called after him, “stop, stop, Lee, here is another book, stop!” This only hastened his speed I then called on my friend and old acquaintance, Mr. Eakin, chief clerk to A. L. That any man who knows his right hand from his left—these two men standing together for office, should place A. L. over Mr. E. proves at least a very poor judgment, or rather no Judgment at all. One a very genteel man of uprightness, and steady integrity, and the other the last of men. Now hang the man, if he had a spark of spunk he would stand his ground; but mo, he waddled along, for he is as big as a fatted ox, and I looked to see him fall down and burst to atoms every minute. The French Legation was standing by, and sev- eral other gentlemen, who enjoyed the thing cordially. 160 WAR }} EPA RTMENT. Stepping into Col. Towson's room to rest a while, and see the Col. When I came out, the French Legation, who wanted more fun, beckoned to me, that A. L. was in his room; it has venition doors, which he shuts, and opens the other doors. I went up to the door and looking through the blind, saw my gentleman reading a newspa. per, he had fastened the door. Is that what we hire you to do sir, to sit and read newspapers? put that paper away and go to your writing. He never opened his mouth. I think it one of the greatest indignities to our country, that this man has remained so long in office, hope the new Administration will give him his walking papers, and ſet him take up the plane and hand saw again. Not one man under him ought to be left in, except Mr. E. a very nice man, but such another rabble never was seen, as the oth- ers, a dozen or twennty, for ought I know. Col. T. was not in. He and Mr. Frye, his chief clerk, I have often mentioned. They belong to the army concern, and of course, all things were right. Mr. Henshaw, the only genteel clerk A. L. had, and one of the best of men was gone to the dºgs, by drink, as I was told. Drink thou fell monster! couldst thou not spare my friend? many of the clerks have disappeared the same way. Washington certainly leads more people in- to temptation, than any place under heaven! It is distres- sing—iſ a man happens to be of steady habits when he comes to Washington, he soon turns toper, and as soon ends his career. The very plains are enriched with hu- man bodies. But we will quit this. Dr. Todson, º Dane, also my particular friend, was gone upon a journey to the west, to be absent a long time, I therefore went in to see Gen. Jessop, Quarter Master General of the U. S. Army. Gen J. is another of the most accomplished gen: tiemen in Washington city; he is of good size and figure, and about middle age, his countenance and manners are very engaging, and he is held in highesteem. It is equal: ly known that he figures high in the page of history. He was one of our first and best officers in the late war. Maj. T. Cross, his chief clerk, casting his eye upon a page in my book, where I lashed the missionaries—said “this WAR DEPARTMENT. 16.1 is good, give me one, I like this very well.” He is also one of your noble men, though he does look cross, he has a fine eye, and a much finer heart, and to crown the whole, a pretty good stock of sound solid sense, and his buying my book, is alone, a sufficient evidence of his good taste, for I find none buy my books, but people of taste. I hope they will deduct a little from the civil list, and addit to the pay of these generous men. I think I have heretofore said that the War Depart- ment is much better filled than the others. Every thing was in print in all the rooms. Col. G. Bomford of the Ordnance Department, next, is Iike his neighbors, a most amiable man. I have often seen him, but have always been so pressed for time and room, that this is the first page I have honored with his name. It was not for lack of esteem, or that I deemed him less worthy, for I certainly do rate him as one of the first distinction. But hard pressed, with the public at my back, I have scarcely time for the necessary refreshments, and many a day, and even night, I have not. To this and this alone, must be ascribed the omission heretofore of many characters of distinction, alike, if not more en- titled to respect. But hurried as I am, I just throw in a few, som good, some bad, by way of spice, just as I find them, and hurry the work to press, thinking next time I will be more at leisure, and take more pains. Next time it is the same thing. Even now they are looking for the Pennsylvanian. One from the west says “The Philistines are upon us Mrs. R. we have the missionaries here like ravens.” An- other from the south, says, “an't you coming to travel amongst us, we have bad people here too.” But a word to my friends who clung to me in the trying hour, and one of them was Col. Bomford. Col. B. is always at his post. and always wears a pleasant smile; he is of low stature. middle age, and fair face, with an intelligent gay counte. nance; he is charity and benevolence itself. Thomas L. McKenney, Esq. at the head of Indian aſ: fairs, is another gentleman, whom I delight to honor. I had seen him º merely a glance, and was struck. 162 WAlt DEPARTMENT. with his appearance, this is some time since, and never had the pleasure till this day. Mr. McK. is a young looking man, tall and slender, and handsomely featured. with a keen eye; his countenance soft, mild and winning, is embellished with smiles, and every mark of high men. tal attainments; his manners have much ease and uncom. mon elegance. I was now, and for several times past disappointed in seeing Maj. Wade, chief clerk to Col. Bomford, a most amiable man. I hope he has not gone the way of all the earth. He always had a tear for pity, and a heart “to feel another's woes.” I would have given much to have seen him, but must, it apears, leave the department with- out that pleasure, though I never will forget his soft black eve. º Ken, or Kenney (I am at a loss for the name, though I have a good right to remember the man) of the Pension Office, is quite a small, but very worthy and amiable man; he was the first friend I found in the war building, when I first called there for their patron- age. Seeing I was a stranger, he devoted much time and politeness to me; and at length after introducing me to several gentlemen, and about to resume his labor, think- ing I might need a friend, or get lost in the building, he pointed up to the top of the door, and said, “if you wish to command me at any time, look for this,” meanigg the sign. His income must be very small, and yet he always divides with me. But I did not see him this day. Mr. James L. Edwards, chief clerk of the Pension office, was also an early friend, he is a man of very fine appearance, and genteel in his manners; he is, however, not generally esteemed, for what reason, I do not know; he appears to be a sober, attentive man. I am partial tº the Edwards's on my husband's account. The elder Mr. Edwards having an intimate knowledge of him, long be: fore I had. James Edwards, Esq. father of James L. lived a neighbor, near my husband's residence, when º were both young men, in Charles city county, Va. thoug Mr. E. was a native of Massachusetts, it therefore affords the much pleasure to see and chat with Mr. E. on the NAVY DEPATMENT. - 163 subject, and he never fails to gratify me. The elder Mr. E. is a very pleasant gentleman, and very hale and active for his years, and must have been one of the handsomest men of his day. He is a very light figure, and as active as a boy. He has at all times a sweet smile upon his countenance. I took Gen. M'Comb by the hand and wished him joy on his promotion; never was an office more worthily be- stowed; our people can see righ some times, and as for Gen. S. he can be no great things or he would not have ran from me at Newport. I am always guided by facts. Col. Roberdeau of the topographical engineers, was not in, nor did I ever see him to know him; he is, however, much respected. I met with a very interesting young man, in Col. Ro- berdau’s office, of French descent, if not a French gentle- man; he appears to be accomplished in learning and every thing else, to render him an acquisition to society, and also an artist of no little merit, if I were a judge; his fig- ure is without fault, his face fair and handsome, and his countenance manly and expressive; his manners affable and genteel. I was much interested by the interview. It was Lieut. Lagnel. - Thomas G. Ringgold, Esq. in the Ordnance Depart- ment, a very excellent young man, Ilament to say I have lost the minute I took of his person. Besides these there were several, many very fine look- ing gentlemanly men, in the Department, whose names I do not know, excepting Sergeant Law, of the army, a very interesting young man. The Secretary of War was absent. The only exception in the building, which is saying a great deal. NAVY DEPARTMENT. The Commodores and I never can hit it, we have so much gunpowder between us, that we are always sure to have an explosion whenever we come within gunshot. We came near blowing up the Navy Department this 164 NAVY DEPARTMENT. time, and doubtless, it would have gone to shivers, if the Commodores had not lowered their colors, which much to their honor, they refused to do, until I boarded them. It will be recollected that Com. 'T Com. B and Com, somebody else, and I had a blow up once before, As they were low men, (at least I found them such;) I paid not much attention to that. But Commodore Rod- gers' and Com. Warrington! the great naval heroes, I was all impatience to see such renowned characters, and two pages at least of my book was to be devoted to Com. R. of the other I had never heard much. But if I keep on I shall have them in for three, instead of two pages. But I must go back to my friend Dr. Watkins, fourth Auditor, an old and tried friend, he keeps his office in the Navy building, and by the by I should like to see him further off, as I do not like the company he keeps I always find him surrounded by suspicious looking men, and that there is something a brewing (and has been since the last Navy Board of Commissioners) there is little doubt. Dr. W generally called Uncle Toby, however, is an old friend of mine, he was one of my earliest friends in this country, and such are my obligations to him, that, if the whole world, and even Gen. Duff Green should for- sake him, I never shall. It is said he is soon to be hurled to destruction, and that the vessels of wrath are now fil- ling to be poured upon his devoted head. But he is sure of one friend, that will not desert him. Now here I am gone off again. I saluted Uncle Toby, and enquired after his health, and his wife's health, and his children's health, Mr. Gil- lis, &c. &c. Forgetting he had paid his subscription, he took out his purse and was going to pay it over again. but I told him it was all right, put up your money, I am paid, it was only a dollar, but Uncle Toby has little ones to feed, and some poor creature, such as I was once, might want a piece of bread, I therefore scorned to im- pose on his kindness. But said I, “Uncle Toby, this new Navy Board, I understand, they have sent off Com. Bain. bridge, and Com. Rogers is at the head of the Board, I wish to see this celebrated man, how shall I NAVY DEPARTMENT. 165 find him; he gave me direction to find the Commodore, and as I left him, I opened a door opposite to him, to see Mr. Gillis, the chief clerk. Mr. Gillis, a very fine man. by the way had not yet arrived, and all his clerks were sitting at their ease, reading newspapers, I opened the pºs door to show him how they were employed, and telling them to put away the papers and go to their wri- ting, I went up stairs to see the Board The Board of Navy Commissioners sits in a room at the extremity of the building, at the end of a long passage. As I walked along the passage I was met by a tall shabby looking man, with a white hat, which he had taken from his head, and held over his face, so as to conceal it. I saw a part of his face, however, for it may be supposed examined him minutely. The part I saw was mean and red. Seeing him approach in this manner, I suspected he could be after no good, and stood still till he came up. I then accosted him with “who are you sir? and what bu- siness have you here? why do you keep your hat over your face? are you a spy?” He refused to speak, and made the best of his way down stairs. Finidng a mes- senger, an ill looking mall, at the end of the room, I told him to announce me to the Board. He refused, and like- wise had the gallows pictured in his face. I then went into Mr. Ridgley’s room, the chief clerk of the Board, and asked him the meaning of all I saw, and why that fellow refused to announce me to the Board. Mr. R. could not tell. The fellow hearing me complain of him came to the door, and was very insolent. Nor had Mr. Ridgely, the gallantry, or politeness to reprove him. I requested Mr. R. to announce me; no, he "dare not leave his office Suspecting the truth I turned round and opened the door at once. There I saw two men, not sitting at the great table, generally used, and which always sits in the centre of the room. But one, a large youngish look- ing man, was sitting at a desk, upon which sat a case, apparently full of papers. He had the pen in his hand, and paper before him, and appeared to have been writing, but the moment I opened the door, he left off and held his hand over his face, the side next to me; he was sitting 166 NAVY DEPARTMENT. with his profile towards me. The other was also a stout man, but much older, he was standing over, or near the other, when I opened the door, with a pen in his hand, as if looking over the writing of the other, which appeared to be a letter. But the moment I opened the door, the man who was standing averting his head, and without offering to return the salute, walked into the next room, through the side door, government ought to have all those side doors mailed up, they have been more plague to me than a little, and could be made for no honest purpose. I saluted the other one, who sat with his hand on his face, but he made no answer.” I told him I knew he was a mean man by hiding his face, and setting the door wide. open. I then displayed Ridgely’s door; and pointing to the man with the hand over his face, I asked him who that was?” He replied “It is Commodore Warrington!” I had no more idea that they were the commodores than that I was a commodore; and flying back in an instant, with a view of entering the room where the other man retreated to. Commodore W. thinking I was coming in- to his room, got up and shut the door in my face. I opened the other door next below, and who should be in there but Uncle Toby and the man that ran away from me. “Why this is the same man,” I observed, “that ran away from me just now; who is he?” said I to Dr. W. ‘Who, this gentleman? this is Commodore Rogers." “Let him be Commodore whom he may, he ran from me just now.” “Oh no, he never ran from any body, and he is too much of a gentleman to run from a lady; he is go- ing to buy one of your books.” “He shall not have º I will not have his money, nor shall he have my book.' “Oh, but he shall.” And the Doctor took a book out of my hands and gave me the money. Meantime I was no asked to sit down, and all that Commodore R said, was “I ran from you, Madam!” I cannot say the Commo- dore ran, but he walked very fast, and he might have had urgent business at the moment. Meantime, the side *He would, doubtless, have ran too, but he was too heavy. How beastly these government men become by high living . NAVY DEPARTMENT. 167" ow door being open, I had a good view of Commodore W. who looked cannon balls at me. Atall, slender man, who was standing up and whom the Doctor called Mr. Hay, looked highly displeased. I asked him “what displeased his worship?” “I am not displeased, madam. I want one of your books. A good thing—this would buy me a piece of bread, while his looks did me no harm. I judge all by their acts and not often by looks. But if uncle Toby, or Commodore R. or any other manthink they can bribe me by any sum, much less a dollar, they are extremely mistaken. As for Mr. Hay, Chief Clerk of the Navy Department, I have nothing to say against him. He had a right to look mad or pleased, and as to Commodore R., he may have his dollar (if he ever repaid Dr. W) back again. It is plain that Dr. W. suspected an explosion, by his following so close at my heels. It is also clear that the man I met on the way, with the hat over his face, had been to give the board notice of my approach. The conduct of the other board was similar to this, and put- ting the whole together, I think they are engaged in something they wish to conceal. The whole of them have a suspicious, bad look. Let them go and fight. It appears they are, or have been brave, but they have ve- ry little of the gentleman about them. What these mem could be about, I should like to know. No, no, uncle Toby, you have my heart and my gratitude ever; but my country has my talents—independence I mean, for talents I have none. My pen shall never be drawn but in the cause of virtue and liberty. I never had many friends in the Navy Department. Dr. Watkins, Peter Haguer, Esq. Messrs. Gillis and Steuben Smith, are all I claimed, or all that claimed me. Mr. Reynolds I have never seen but once. It strikes me he is a clever man, though I have not seen him for some time. Richard Cutts, Esq. is a yankee from Maine. He is 2d Comptroller—was once amazing rich, but is now as poor as Lazarus. Like myself he has been unfor- tunate, and I felt for him. He is a man of middle age. 168 NAVY DEPARTMENT. and a stout noble figure, and though a little swarthy, has one of the finest faces in the world. Peter Hagner, Esq. is 3d Auditor, and a most worthy man. He is one of my first acquaintances whose merit ought to have honored an earlier page, as no one was more deserving He certainly is one of the most correct steady men we have. He is of middle age and size, with a dark complexion, good features, and a mild, interesting countenance. He is very pleasing and familiar in his ºnanners. Steuben Smith, Esq. who writes in the Navy build. ings, is one of my particular favorites, and through mis. take, was described under the name of Captain Smith, in another volume, and I have since been told it is quite applicable to Capt. Smith, which I dispute very much It could fit no other man, though it was very brief. Mr. Steuben Smith is a yankee; a brother in-law, I think, of the President’s. He is a tall, slender figure, fair and handsome, with an eye and countenance of unequalled sweetness. I never saw him out of his place yet, nor did I ever see him but with a smile on his countenance. He is said to be one of the most sedulous clerks in the Department. Had they made this man Secretary of th Navy, they would have done right, as he certainly would do honor to any office in the government. Mr. Moulder, my old friend, is never in; he ought be turned out or made to mind his business better. H. room is next to Mr. S. S's. In the same room wib Mr. Smith I found a very ami able young man, but having so many notes, I do not know which to take for his. It is the easiest matter in t world to take notes, but to apply them is difficult. It is not enough the note should be correct, but you mus know exactly the room and person to whom it belongs Amongst such a number this is difficult. I have but on more that I shall insert, but it does not strike me that is the name. Jonathan Seaver, Esq. the note says, is: yankee from Massachusetts, of middle height and good size, good features, pale complexion, and open bene" tent countenance, very genteel and affable. NAVY DEPARTMENT: 169 in the room next to Mr. Moulder's I found a perfect wild beast. He absolutely snapped at me. I called Mr. Smith to come and help me to tie him. He never heeded. but sat looking at me with all the composure of a Philos- opher, but I am glad he saw the brute. If government does not give me a place or a pension after this, I shall say it is ungrateful. Not another person could be found who would have risked their nose being bit off, or their eyes scrached ou! by these wild beasts. No wonder they ran away. This fellow would have run, but I did not give him the chance—he had no side door to go through. I merely opened the door to see the situation of the room. He ordered me away and shut the door and locked it. The room lookcd as though it had not been swept for six months, the ashes were even with the top of the fender, and the floor was carpeted with tobac- cospit. What are these messengers for? I am told it is their business to clean the rooms They are the filthiest dens in the world, excepting always the War Office. Secretary Southard was off on a journey. So much for him. None of the secretaries were in but Secretary Rush, whom I have mentioned before. - Upon going into a room under Mr. Cutts, I found ano- ther den of wild beasts, missionaries doubtless. One McDaniel, in Mr. Gillis' room, a missionary, was very insolent. He was a tall, gaunt, long-faced monster, who was eating the bread that honest merit ought to have. I hope his time is short. - - - Col Wear was not in. So ends the chapter of De- partments for the time. I made but few acquaintances this time in Washington with the exception of those mentioned. Dr. Hunt, Col. Brearly, Dr. Gunnell, Dr. Jones, of the Patent Office, and Mr. Wilson, the Librarian, are the principal. I was un- able to go out much, and of course none but my acquain- tances called. - Dr Hunt attended me for the pain in my shoulder, and called several times. I had never heard of him till meet- ing him by accident, he offered his service to remove the ñain. He lives in the upper part of the city, and is said 15 Vol. III. 170 NAVY DEPARTMENT. to be an eminent physician. He is a tall, elegant figure and highly accomplished. His face is thin and oval, and his countenance very pleasing and intelligent. His man. mers are of the first order. The first time we met was in Gen. Van Ness's garden, under a hawthorn. Col. Brearly, the agent for removing the Creek Indians, happened to return to Washington while I was here, and I had the pleasure to see this celebrated philanthropist at Maj. Gamble's. He is a noble looking man, about mid- dle age, very much sunburnt from his exposure amongs: the Indians. He is very lively and a man of high attain. ments. He has spent some years amongst the Creeks, and has done more toward civilizing them than all the missionaries on the globe. The missiºnaries hate him because he will not let them delude them. He said the missionaries did steal one Indian from him He was much delighted with my Black Book, and bought several to show the missionaries. He is engaged by government to remove the Creeks over the Mississippi They have become so much attached to him that they will follow him any where. He has already conducted a great number of them over, and intends taking the bal. ance next fall. Dr. Jones, the new Superintendent of the Patent Of. fice, is another Englishman, and many are displeased with the appointment for no other reason. Dr. Jones, howev. er, is a very amiable and a very intelligent man. His fa. ther removed to this country to enjoy the freedom of his civil and religious opinions, and fought in our ranks in the revolution. The Doctor himself is a great patriot—if he is not I am much deceived in him. He is an elderly man, low of stature and a light figure. His face is thin, and his his eye very keen. His countenance bears strong evi. dence of erudition, judgment and depth of thought His manners are very affable and familiar. He has a pleasant dignity about him which prºves him to have kept º best of company, and I understand he is a fine writer Mr. Wilson, the librarian, I met with in one of the Departments, where he writes in the forenoon, and at - WASHINGTON. R7) ends the Library in theaſternoon. While speaking with some of the clerks, the day I called, I saw a young man turn round from the desk and look wistfully at me, with- out offering to withdraw his eyes. I was struck with the countenance of the young man, and still more by the studi- ous manner with which he seemed to regard me, and asked someone to introduce me. He then informed me he was the librarian to whom I had addressed several notes respect- ing books. I was charmed with his modest appearance and his enlightened manners, and upon calling at the Li- brary, some time afterwards, I discovered he was a mam of taste and reading, had travelled sometime in Europe and was familiar with every author of distinction. Dr. J. S. Gunnell, A M who lives near the U. S. bank, is a celebrated dentist, and agentleman of very interesting and highly polished manners, I merely saw him about a moment. I had the pleasure too of becoming acquainted with Mr. Harrison Smith, former Editor of the Intelligencer; he is a young looking, active man, from what I had been led to expect, and has very much of the gentleman in his appearance. He is little over middle age, moderate height and rather a light figure, very pleasing and afia- ble in his manners; he lives in the country near Washing- ton, and has recently been appointed President of the U. S. Branch bank,” at this place. He was introduced to me by my friend and acquaintance, Richard Smith, Esq. Cashier of the same bank. Mr. R. Smith, Messrs. T. Swan, District Attorney, Counsellor R. Wallack, Mr. Benning, and Lady, Maj. Gamble and Messrs. Weightmans are amongst the number of those for which I am in long arrears, and particularly Mr. Wallack. No apology ought to extenuate this omi- sion, and he, one of my yankees too. The fact is, I did think of Mr. W’s profession, and manners, and knew that he had been a friend in need, but could not think of his "Mrs. H. Smith has recently published a tale or novel called “Gen- tility,” a very excellent and interesting little work. It seems to have been taken from life and the scene being laid in Washington, it is very interesting. She ought to send Mr. Walsh a copy. 17.2 WASHINGTON. name: But this is no excuse, I ought not to have forgot- ten his name and acknowledge my fault. It ought to have been amongst the first, as he was amongst my first friends, and alike worthy to be enrolled on history's page. -But I am pressed and drove and harrassed almost out of my life; have to write and travel, and attend to sales and correspondents, that I can not do as I would. If it were not for the travelling part of the business, I could keep pace with the public. But, no time to go into particu. lars. Mr. Wallack, as I before said is a yankee, if I do not mistake, from Massachusetts. He is none of your Audi. tor Lee Yankees, nor your wooden nutmeg yankees; nor your horn flint yankees, but one of your right down genuine, warm hearted, lively, ingenious, gentleman yankees; he is eminent as a lawyer, and respected as a gentleman, in Washington; he is quite a young man, though he has a very interesting family, and lives in the first style, he is a fine figure, and his manners are easy, gay, and genteel; his countenance and features have much expression, and upon the whole, we have few men in the city, who rank with him. P T went to him as I understood, to stop my Black book from coming out. The Hinglishman was in a hurry to try his strength sing- ly with America, the very attempt was an indignity to the majesty of the people. What impudence! the daring tory, was it not enough that he advertised whole columns of Hinglish books in our very faces, and strews our city with his books but he must claim the civil authority to put a stop to American books. No, Mr. Pishey you will not do that, and I think, you had better be getting your walking papers, and be off For assure you I shall be a thorn in your side, while you stay here. But enough of him. To Mr. R. Smith of the bank, I am much indebted for his gentlemanly attention. He is a tall slender man with an oval face, and very delicate, though handsome features; his complexion is of the middling shade, his eyes are black, and sparkling, and the finest in human head; his countenance is constantly lighted up by a most benevolent WASHINGTON. 17.3 smile, and he is the very milk of human kindness; his manners, of course, I need not name, they are facinating in the highest degree. was sitting at his table in the bank, one day, after I returned from the south; I went in to change my money; the room was full of company, and several more flocked in to hear the news, while I was busy with Mr. S. count- ing our notes, he sitting opposite to me, and the table be- tween us, the gentlemen kept teazing me, by asking “how I came on, in the south? did you do pretty well, there? how do you like the folks?” Meantime my eye caught an elderly gentleman sitting in one corner, at a small table, he had been writing, but upon seeing me take a seat at the table, and the gentlemen round me, he took off his spectacles and kept his eye on me, in silence Being al- ways on the wing I was in haste, and in reply to the gen- tlemen i told them “the people in the south knew very little about me,” at all All they knew of me was that I wrote a book about W t, we want the book about W–t; the servants would come running after me in the streets, massa say send him de book about Mr. Wirt. Now go away and don't plague me, you have all the news” I went on with Mr Smith and in a moment the bank was empty; all had departed. I suspected something was the matter, but could not concive wha, and I said nothing. When we had got through the money business, Mr. S. in his own smiling way observed, “you are going to treat us with another work, I hear, Mrs. R. I am glad to hear it, I am fond of your writings, they are so full of pith and spice, that I believe you could sell a hundred, where other writers do not sell one. But may we ask you, Mrs. R. may we entreat you not to be quite so cutting, it hurts the feelings of your friends. For instance now, there is Mr. Swan (pointing to the elderly man (he raised Mr. W–t.” I jumped up and running to Mr. Swan, took him by the hand, and asked his pardon. He “said he was never more astonished at seeing the respect paid me, and the ease with which I conversed with the gentlemen, and *I had at that time published the Tenmessgap, 15* . 174 WWSHINGTON, particularly Mr. Smith,” “why,” said he, “I expected tº have found you a woman of course vulgar manners You were so represented to me by Mr. but I see by the respect paid you I have been deceived?” He did not however, patronize me, though subsequently to this, he invited me to his house, I called once, he was from home, and I have never called since. But I am not gov. erned by his or any other man's conduct. “Oh buy her book and she will speak well of you,” said some block- head. There are many who would be glad this were strictly true. Counsellor Swan is rather a stout man, advanced in years, his complexion is dark, and his coun- tenance has much expression, is staid and steady, his manners are very artless and familiar, and no man dress- es plainer, he has the reputation of being one of the first counsellors and pleaders at the bar. Mr. Benning is a Virginian, married to a yankee lady, which brought him and I acquainted. Our acquaintance was, however, greatly enhanced by his knowledge of my husband, in his lifetime, in the county of Amelia, Va. where it apprars they both lived. Mrs. Benning is a very intelligent lady, and being a yankee fond of reading, this suits me very well, as she has both the will and the means to purchase books. She laughs and says “she was an old maid when she was married to Mr. B. and you know Mrs. R. old maids read everything they get hold of ſoften step in to rest a moment, and Mrs. B. always has a peach or an orange, and a glass of water ready She is much displeased at the dire destruction thosecrafty priest missionaries are carrying through our land, for it would seem there are legions of them. It appears as though they come from the clouds, and with all our boast: ing we are to be swallowed up by these vile women and men, for the whole of it springs from the ignorance of our females. I am sorry my acquaintance with the bar of Washing: ten, is so limited, it appears that I am never in my pro- per element but when I speak, write or converse with iawyers. The cause of which is doubtless their superi: or manners, and say what you will, lawyers have saveſ - WASHINGTON, 175 our country, which, longere this would have been under a tyrannical priest. Being extensive in numbers, and al- ways men of education-men of experience—men of think- ing and commers alike with the knave; and the honest man, they are the bulwark of our safety Look at the farmer, the merchant, and the mechanic. They would think themselves highly affronted, if the priests had not the company of their wives and daughters six nights in the week, and as for himself, he is easy about it, particu- larly as the priests seem to prefer the company of his wife and daughters - Besides those mentioned, I am told Messrs. Ashton and Cow are eminent lawyers, but I have never had the pleasure of seeing either - Maj. Gamel, the Messrs. Weightmans, and doctor F. May, are amongst those who ought to have honored an earlier page, and particularly as independently of their merit they are my constant patrons, they live on Capitol Hill. - Maj. G. is advanced in years, and of low heavy make; his face is round and fair, and his countenance open and very benevolent; his manners are manly and genteel; he is a man of considerable wealth, and a man of taste and reading; he lives in much style, and is as generous as a prince; he has one if not two sons in the navy, and lost one fighting for his country last war; he is a great Jack- son man in politics. Dr. JMay, is a yankee, and is attached to the medical college; he has lived some time in Washington, and has a very extensive practice; he is of middle age, and a gi- ant in size; he is a good looking man, but his appearance is much injured by some defect in his eyes, which obliges him to wear spectacles; he is a man of much taste, and information, and quite a gentleman in his manners; he is of middle age as I said before, though he is usually cal- led old doctor May, to distinguish him from a younger brother, also a doctor. The Messrs. Weightmans (of which I know but two) are very respectable, and very amiable men. - 176 WASHINGTON, Before I quit this subject, I will be excused for intre. ducing two interesting strangers, viz. Messrs Cºuntee and Dr. E. Cooly. I met with Mr. Countee at Maj Ga- mel's to whom he is related; he resides in the country how far from Washington I do not know. Mr. C. is of: tall elegant figure, and handsome appearance, quite a young man, and a most accomplished gentleman Dr. E. Cooly is a cousin if not a brother of the celebra- ted Cooly who constructed Fairmount waterworks at Philadelphia a few years singe. Dr. C, a yankee though he removed early in life, to Louisiana, where he married and through his wife became possessed of a large fortune in lands, the finest in that state, but though by some over- sight the land was granted to General Lafayette, and by him sold to an Englishman, who is now in possession it appears that doctor C has petitioned Congress for relief, and the matter has been some time before the House. From an accidental glance at the claim, Dr. C. appears to have suffered incalculable injury, and doubtless, Con- gress will indemnify him. Doctor Cooly is one of these good Samaritans, who called on me during my confinement, and performed the part of a true christian; he is a middle aged man, of gi- gantic size, and highly accomplished; his figure is one of the finest in nature; his complexion is dark, with fine manly features, and a full black eye; his hair being grey for his years, proves that the doctor has had his share of misfortunes, let them have been what they may. I am afraid Congress will serve him as they have done the rev- olutionary soldiers, let him die first and do him justice afterwards. It will be very readily seen that I am hurrying on with events, and it will soon appear for what purpose. I am longing to get hold of the missionaries, those enemies of our safety, who have dared to set up their standard in our very capitol. I shall notice but two more articles, the improvements in the city, and the state of society, and then Mr. missionaries I am your humble servant again. WASHINGTON, 177 Washington city improves very slowly, very few houses have been built, comparatively since I wrote the sketch- es. The city canal is not yet finished, nor the city hall. The east front of the capitol is finished and some very handsome improvements, on the west front. The capitol square does not look well. . The trees are not thrifty from want of water, and the poverty of the soil; I have often suggested the propriety of manuring the ground, and turning the water upon it, which might very easily be done as it is surrounded with water. I see the Blackcoats have built a large splendid church in the heart of the city. Weil done for them. They are able to build a church on every square in the city. Had this money been laid out upon the poor I presume it would have been more acceptable to God. A masonic hall has likewise been erected. It will be recollected I mentioned the orphan asylum in my sketches, as one of the greatest ornaments of the city and the best institutions in it. It has continued to pros- per under the protection and fostering care of Mrs. Van Ness, its principal donor. She pays unwearied atten- tion to those little orphans, devoting her whole time and talents, and no little of her income, to promote their happi- ness and comfort. As I observed in the “Sketches,” this asylum is under the patronage of several ladies whose names and offices are as follows: MRs. WAN Ness, 1st Directress, Mrs Brown, 2d do. MRs Towson, Treasurer, MRs, LARNE, Secretary. Trustees. MRs. LEE, MRs, LEAR, MRs, ANDREws, MRs. U LARKE, MRs. TINGEy, MRs. Edwards, MRs. HENDERson, Mrs. Wadsworth. MRs. WEIGHTMAN, It appears that Gen J. P. Van Ness, to whose bounty the asylum was indebted for the original ground and buil. ding, has generously presented to the society another large - 178 WASHINGTON, and eligible piece of ground for the purpose of erecting a new building. The Board of Managers were induced tº make an effort to erect one larger, and more commodious in many respects, so as to afford greater convenience as well as a means for greater economy; and with the pros: pective view of adding to the number of recipients, as cases of necessity may be presented, and the means of the So- ciety permit. In pursuance of these views, and for the purpose of more readily effecting the object desired, the Managers resorted, in December last, to the experiment of a “Fair.” where were exposed for sale such articles of utility and fancy, as had been prepared and given for that purpose, by many of the generous and public spirited ladies in our city— and it affords them great pleasure in being able to state, that the experiment was a successful one beyond even their most sanguine expectations; and by which, after deducting all expenses, the society have realized in cash, the sum of $2,359 50. The corner stone of the New asylum was laid in Sep- tember last, with great eclat, the particulars of which, as it reflects the highest honor on the promoters, I have copied from the U. S. Telegraph, as follows: Washington City Orphan Asylum. We have seldom witnessed a more interesting spectacle than that which presented itself on Monday the ilth inst the ceremony of laying the corner stone of an elegant building to be erec: ted for the incorporated society of “the Washington City Orphan Asylum.” A numerous procession, consisting of the Clergy, Board of Female Trustees and many other ladies, the members of the Asylum Corporation, Foreign ministers, officers of the General Government and of the City, and the citizens generally—the whole preceded by the elegant Marine Band of Music with its solemn straº moved (in the order previously announced) on lºot, º: lowed by many carriages, from the Rev. Mr. Lauries Church in F street, to the site of the intended building.” H street. Here, alter sacred exercises by the Rev. Mr. Hawley and the Orphans, who had previously united the procession, the corner stone, containing the suitable WASHINGTON, - 179 deposits, was laid by Mrs.-Van Ness, (assisted by the stone cutter and mason,) accompanied with a few ap- propriate remarks; the whole engaging scene closing with a benediction by the Rev. Mr Ryland. Hitherto none but female orphans have been received at the asylum, but when the new building is completed it will receive male orphans. The society made their 13th annual report last Octo- ber, 1828, they had then 16 orphans in the asylum, all this has been done by private contributions, the indefati. gable labors and unweared attention of a few ladies in Washington, who never can be praised enough. This is religion, this is charity, these ladies are emphatically doing the will of their Father which is in Heaven, may they meet with their reward. I would say to the black coats"go thou, and do likewise.” “This is very differ. ent from beguiling the poor little orphan out of its few cents given to it by humanity, as I have witnessed my- self. The pirates could not have the heart to do it. If ever there is a civil war in America, it will be with these Presbyterians (nor do I believe the time distant) and if ever there is one it will be one of extermination on one side or the other, their wrongs, oppression and robbery and entire prostitution of knowledge and virtue, has so effec. tually enraged the people, that they will meet with no mercy, and I am certain the other side will not. In fact the war has begun, not formally declared as in other wars, but similar to the rest of their conduct, like a thief in the night, I mean their attack on me. *I am much gratified to find that my friend Mr. Bulfinch, the archi- tect, kindly devoted his talents to design the building, and still more, to find that I have judged accurately respecting the gentleman men. tioned in this as well as my other volumes. A circumstance of which I was unapprised till this moment confirms everything, and more than I have said of those amiable men. Having sent for the reports of the asylum to notice its situation, beholdſ here (as donors). I find every man's name again, I shall take much pride at no distant day to spread those Godlike acts before the world as an example for others, but it came too late for the present work. 180 WASHINGTON. It is impossible to depict the state of society in Wash. ington apart from the missionary system. It appears to be the lever that moves the whole machine of Society. There is not a spot on the globe containing the same number of people that is oppressed with more indigence and human distress, and more cursed with dissipation than Washington City, and yet no one seeks the cause, much less to remove it. To remove any evil, the first step to be taken is to ascertain the cause, for until the cause is removed all attemps to cure a disorder in the bo. dy corporeal or politic is vain. In many instances the cause has worked its own cure, however, by sending the patients to the grave. The ultimate cause of this distress has grown up with the city. The great number of mechanics employed in building the city, instead of laying up their earnings, con- sumed it in drink, and such is the effect of example, that a man of sober habits soon fell in with the multitude, and became a couſirmed toper. The number of these men first and last, must have amounted to thousands who have fallen a sacrifice to the fell destroyer, and have left their wives and children without a house to put their heads in or the means of leaving the place. No commerce, no manufactories, no sort of employment. These women and children are a dead weight upon the city and worse. For want of means their children are growing up in igno- rance, and contracting all manner of vicious habits. Both the mothers and the children having nothing else to do, obtain a few cents from charity and lay it out in drink, and many of them, merely for want of work have, like the men, become confirmed drunkards. Look out when you will, you see these women going for whiskey. Three women and two men who lived across the street oppo. site my window never missed an hour (not more than two) from morning till night (and doubtless in the night) but one or other of them was running, or staggering rather, for whiskey to a little grog-shop near my door. Their appearance was beyond shame. They were bare-head. ed, barefooted, and their clothes all rent into ribbons They would beg the money at the capitol and never be WASHINGTON. 18; sober while it lasted; in fact they were never sober while ! remained there. They could not spare mºney to buy a ves- sel to carry the whiskey in: andofeourse they had to go the ºf ener. Every now and then they would take a fight, There was an old woman and an old man amongst them. sometimes they would fall on one and sometimes the other and beat them nearly to death. These, in their turn, would take the first advantage and retaliate. There were two young women, a young man and a little child. They nearly killed the child between them, one day, with a knife, which was aimed at one of the party. How they subsisted for wood or food, no one knew. The last ac- count I had of them the old man, who was too drunk to walk, was thrown out of doors, and the old woman was laid up in bed of her wounds. - These people, by their battles and screams, disturbed the whole neighborhood, (the sober part of it.) and yet no officer offered to interfere! This is one instance among many daily to he witnessed in the city. - We will now unfold another picture of human woe, which will suffice for the rest. The tale is shocking, out it must be told. This is probing the wound. My land- lady came to me one day and asked me to write anote for a distressed woman who lived next door. The woman, she said was a relation of Judge D**** of the S. C. of the United States, and of the same name. She had four children which, and herself, had been sick through the winter, and must have perished had she (mylandlady) not divided her scanty pittance of wood and food with them (This I believe, as I saw the food and wood ge somewhere every day.) She said “The husband of that woman was an aban- doned drunkard, and no one knew what had become of him, and that every thing they had in the world had been seized for rent in the fall, and thus they had spent the winter.” She said that the woman, at her persuasion, had picked up courage to write to the judge, and she came to get me to write the note. She did not speak, however, as if the case was an extreme one, as there were hundreds nearly in the same situation. As the door was 16 Vol. III. - 182 WASHINGTON. but a step from me I concluded to go in and look at the ſame ily. A cousin of Judge D's as low as that. But I would nev. er go to see such another sight. I have not got over the shock yet. The room was without shadow of furniture, excepting an old piece of a bed about one yard square, and a piece of an old blanket about the same size, as black as the pot and crawling with vermin There was a small coal in the fire place and a part of a hoop of a flour-barrel, partly twisted in two, lying on the hearth where the woman threw it out of her hand when I enter- ed the room—(this was, I think, the first weekin March) But neither chair, table, cup nor spoon, nor one particle excepting one old bench, which the woman had been sitting on; nor had they one mouthful of anything to eat in the room! One of the children was then very sick and was lying on the old piece of blanket. The others were standing up, and the whole alive with vermin! The mo- ther was past feeling. She appeared stupified, and seem. ed no way affected by the prospect before her. She smiled stupidly and said something about getting well and going somewhere in the country. She was pale and bloated, and so were the children. In all my travels I never saw such a picture of distress. I made the remar at the time, when my landlady observed I would see enough in the same situation in every direction! I asked her what I should say to the Judge, and the poor creature was so stupified she could not tell me an thing but her name. I addressed a note to the judge in her name, and he sent her $10, and would have relieve her sooner had she applied to him. In fact she would not have done it then if it were not for my landlady, who could no longer divide with her, being very poor herself. The judge told the messenger who took the note that “he had several times, that winter, given the man money for the relief of his family,” which, doubtless, he drank, and would drink the judge's salary if he could get hold of it. There is a picture of the poor in Washington—now what use are these godly people? I was satisfied with this. Another cause of distress is the great number of free co- lared people allured to the city togetmoney in an easy way WASHINGTON. 183 - by waiting upon the members of Congress and other strangers. These almost out-number the white popula- tion. Women and men, the streets and houses are lined with them. These finger nearly the whole of the cash left in the city by strangers. They take the work, and of course, the bread out of the mouth of white widow and the orphan. They will meet the Members of Con- gress on the road and engage their washing. If a poor woman or child ventures to go to one of the boarding houses to ask for washing, or to get a mouthful of cold victuals, they are met at the door by these black ruffians and ordered off without suffering the poor creatures to see a white face. I myself was within an inch of being kicked out of doors at Dowson's by these negroes, and had to fly to Senator King for protection. Some disor- derly women having got into my house while I was ab- sent, and refusing to go out, a few days since, this very session, (1829) I went to Mr. Young's (he being a magis- trate) for a warrant. I went about breakfast time, with a view of finding him in, when lo! I was met at the door by a black negro fellow, who refused to let me in. He was the blackest and the ugliest negro I ever saw. I asked “If Mr. Y. was in?” “No!” I asked if Mr. Foote was in? thinking by that means to get in the house. “No!” he was not in. Meantime I saw a gentleman put- ting on his great coat in the passage. “Sir” said I, “will you aid me to see Mr. Foote, if he is in?” “I believe he isin,” said the gentleman, and deliberately walked out, and paid no more attention. The negro kept hold of the door all the time. I asked what he was afraid of? did he take me for a robber: “I do nothing but what I am or- dered to do,” said the negro. There is a magistrate for you. The man and the boarders and the negro are well matched. I should say the negro was the cleverest fel- low amongst them. And these are the people that pre- tend to convert the heathem. What heathem was ever guilty of such a brutal violation of the rites of hospi- tality, and at a magistrate’s house too. Thus these me- 184 WASHINGTON. groes engross all employment and all the cash.* They dress, and they eat, and they drink, and strut the streets, in all the pride of pampered impudence. No people, not even the President, dress finer. I have seen three hundred at least, at once coming to church. Some in silver mounted hacks—all dressed like lords and ladies. They are talking of liberating the slaves in the District of Columbia. They had better liberate the poor starv- ing white people and give them something to early them hence, and let the negroes take the city altogether. It appears that they are very popular, as many of them hold lucrative places under the government, and I must say they are more sober, saving and industrious than the white people. I am, therefore, for having it either one thing or the other. I have no opinion of these mixed governments—let it be a white government or a black one at once—a white population or a black one. I would prefer a negro along ways before Dr. Ely’s “good, sound Presbyterian.” But what relief to the evil complained of is to be ef. ſected by liberating the slaves? are they to be sent off? or are they to flock here? We are now devoured with them. Their number is dangerous and a serious evil, in- asmuch as the bread and clothes they devour would go to the relief and comfort of the suffering poor. The suſ- ferings of the poor call loud for relief. Daily and hour- ly you see some woman or child in a tattered thin dress, begging a mouthful of victuals at our doors. This has been the case since I knew Washington, and yet no measures are taken for their relief. There is no work for them to do and they are unable to leave the place in search of it. If a few hundred dollars were appropri- ated to build a cotton factory, exclusively for these poor women and children, it would at least keep them from be- ing a charge to the citizens and keep them warm and comfortable. And as Congress is the principal cause of this distress, by preferring the black to the white peo- same house I occupy, has two children by negro fathers, and an inde- finite number of negro husbands. She is quite a good looking woman. formerly a Roman Catholic, but has recently, I am told, joined the Presbyterians, “Hail Columbia, happy land.” MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON., 185 ple to do their work, I think they are bºund in justice to do something for their relief. What does the com: mittees for the District of Columbia know of this distress? Just nothing at all I would suppose; they do not enter these abodes of wretchedness, they never direct their steps to their hovel—they feast on the best, by a good. fire in a comfortable room. They do not see, and of course they cannot feel. - And as to the citizens they have no plan at all. They throw a few cents to the poor wretches, and there is an end ofit for that time. - The clerks in the departments do the same thing, and they are all constantly giving—they labor for the poor– every one pursues his own business and pleasure—all their business is different—all have separate interests— no such thing as uniting for the general good, because it is not their business. Thus the poor are left to chance and suffering. And as for those godly people, they have raked and scraped every cent from every poor child to be found, instead of relieving them. The pittiful wretches, instead of giving they take the only cent from the poor father- less and motherless child. I have seen them stint them- selves to save a cent to take to Sunday school, or two to take to church on the Sabbath. If there is a place of punishment hereafter, every one of these blackcoats will be found in it—and if they keep on robbing the poor—and if it be not a very large place it will not hold them. And to crown the whole of these misfortunes, and give the finishing stroke to every spe- cies of human misery, the missionaries have come out openly. They have two papers now in the city, and a large patronage. - When I returned from my travels last winter, (1828) I found one paper, but they soon had another press in ope- ration called the Chronicle.” The Henglish and them *And who would you suppose is the editor? The rufian who as- sailed me in the Senate. And many recollect his christian pieces about myself º the signature of a woman’s name. 186 MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON. divide the spoil. The Episcopalians to secure their throats are hard at it too. Where the honest man has fled no one can tell. Gen. Greenis busy with his president, and cares for nought else. But it is not presidents we have to fear. The president is but one man, his acts are open, his hands are tied. The people can see what he is about. But these missionaries are legion and work under ground; and, as I and several others foretold, they have openly tried their strength in Congress. Having recourse again to cause and effect, we must ei- ther give up at once to these fellows, or resolve to act in opposition, if we act at all. - From the small reflection I have been able to bestow upon the cause of this alarming conspiracy, it appears to have grown with our growth. The rapid increase of our population has been such that our system of education could not, or has not kept pace with it; and such is the nature of mankind, that let us boast as we may of our enlightened government and nation, we find that ignorance by the advantage of numbers, has conspired against intelli- gence. These wicked priests who always thirst for blood and power—who never were friends to liberty or virtue, finding the ease with which they could gull the ignorant, by telling a plausible tale about the heathen, and getting upon the right side of the women, have laid a plan that Beelzebub himself would never have thonght of Instead of instructing the ignorant in the principles of the chris- tian duties, and the principles of honor and honesty, they have by a most shameful prostitution of every virtuous principle, converted them into hypocritical knaves and conspirators, and the women—I will not say what. When I was at Wheeling last fall, I was told that a committee of nine members, with a capital of $300,000, were located in Washington city, as a central committee, to correspond with a committee composed of the same number in every district in the United States!!! It has been long known they have the whole United States laid off into districts. Mission ARIES IN WASHINGTON. 187. How true this is I pretend not to say. But if it be true, I would be one to go and break up the treasonable band, and give the money to the poor, from which every cent of it has doubtlessly been taken. From what I know of them they would be none too good to cut the throat of every one in the Union, who opposes them. Many of the Presbyterians in Pennsylvania are strong- ly opposed to Dr. Ely and his church and state, but they will not give up the Sunday school and missionary sys- tem–fools—the Sunday school and missionary system is the foundation and top stone of Dr. Ely's church and state. These are the materials he designs for the struc- ture, and they must be blind and deaf too, if they do not know it, for he has told them so—he will not ask their leave however. But what inclines me to think there is truth in the sto- ry of the committee, is a circumstance which came to light some time back. A gentleman who resides in Pittsburg, (no friend to missionaries) was sitting in his store one day, and one of those black-coats came in; the gentleman asked him to sit down, and after a few minutes pause, the stranger calling the gentleman by name, (they know every man's name and the amount of his property in the Union) said, “here's a few tracts if you will accept of them, they are mighty amusing.” “No,” the gentleman wanted no tracts. “Well,” he says, “sir I have a certain matter to commu- nicate to you, which I think you will approve.” “What is it?” said the gentleman “Why Mr you know there is a great deal of sin and wickedness in the world, and I think we have fallen upon a plan to drive wicked- mess out of the land.” “Ah! how is this to be done?” “Why, it is the easiest thing in the world, if you will only join with us, and there is little doubt if we succeed in our plan, but in a short time we will put a stop to all out-breaking sins, such as drunkenness, (he ought to come here) Sabbath breaking, &c.” “Let us hear yout scheme?” “We are about eatablishing a committee of pious men in every section of country; and these com- mittees are to correspond with a central committee upon 188 MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON. the best plan to suppress sin.” “But I do not wish to be one of such committee, why do you come to me?” “But you would agree that such a thing would be right- you would not object to the measure—would it not be a fine thing?” “Yes,” said the gentleman, “I think it would; but I cannot see how committees are to do it.” “Well since you approve of the thing, see here, I have books for every one who is favorable to the scheme to subscribe whatever they like. The gentleman took the book, not with a view of subscribing, but to see the plan. The book was all ruled off into columns. Some was for $500, and perhaps more; some for $250, and so on down to twenty-five cents. The gentleman returned him the book, when he had the impudence to ask him to subscribe, beginning with the largest sum, and continued to solicit down to the twen- ty-five cents. The gentleman said he stuck at $20 a long time, but he told him “he would not give one cent.” “Why? You agree that it would be a good thing.” “I do not like your scheme,” said the gentleman, and he went off; and shortly after this was blown up in a newspaper in Steubenville, Ohio, and he was forced to decamp. It is a pity they have not the same virtue and independence every where. But doubtless this committee scheme is in full opera- ton—he only came to the wrong man, and went to the wrong place—he merely wished to feel the pulse of pub- lic opinion. Thousands of them are now prowling over the land But to return to the missionaries in Washington, they ought henceforth to be called Sunday-mail-men, or church and state men, as missionary is a word never made for them. Nor is there any epithet in the English language applicable to them, if it be no robber, traitor, and con- spirator, in a Presbyterian CLOAK. The first news I heard upon my arrival was, that they had established a press in the city. I sent for the paper. and what name think ye, men of the United States, have they given the paper to make it go down-nothing more nor less than the Columbian Register—a name well cal- MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON. 189 culated to deceive. This paper is conducted by one Mr. Skinner, of the Blue-law country, and by the way a very clever sensible man; but it was not a clever, thing in him to lend his talents to conspirators of which he could not be ignorant." - The ingenuity and consummate cunning, apparenton the face of the paper, for skill and depth of plot, leaves the gunpowder plot far behind. The art by winch they have concealed the bate on the hook is more carefully inter- woven with guilt than any of their papers, which only ex- cites the more horror and alarm. In one word the main drift of it is in accordance with their plan of overthrow- ing our liberty, by sinking one portion of our citizens into ignorant slavery, and raising themselves on their necks. But a specimen, the paper is only a repository for such Godly pieces as these ‘good sound Presbyterians” cautiously select and forward to Mr. Skinner. None but well tried, old, trusty, long bags are entrusted with the control of the paper. But the ingenuity of the thing lies in blending other matter with the Missionary stuff, to suit the taste of every one. It being their first appear- ance in Washington, they observed a good deal of cau- tion at first, by a careless miscellany, and once in a while a missionary article. Finding the people took no notice of it, they grew bolder, and the “good sound Presbyterian” priests in the city, having prepared the minds of their flocks for the reception of such pieces as are calculated to blind and mislead the ignorant, particularly the silly wo- men and children, these came out in more profusion. On one page you find a lively anecdote, and a short article on foreign news, accidents, murders, deaths and marria- ges. Then comes the money, the Godly part, I mean re- vivals, sham tales about great things that never took place. Some sham dream, a great “demand for tracts by the heathen,” and such a one sailed to such a place, *Mr. Skinner is also the proprietor of a Journal of Arts and Scien- ces: one of the most useful papers in the United States, and deserves a liberal encouragement. But no friend to liberty, virtue, religion, or *ommon sense, ought to suffer the Register to come inside of his door sooner than he would a rattlesnake, HS).() MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON. on a mission, and such a man gave a large sum to spread the gospel, and Mr. Ely believed that “one half [which is a whole lie] the inhabitants of Hawaii were desirous tolearn to read.” Now this is pretty stuff to be published in out metropolis, and by people just going to convert the world, and be our Presidents and Judges and Governors; do they think the people are fools? Yes, well they may think so, when they have laid the country under a heavy con- tribution, and have all the women. Butlet them dare to approach one inch nearer our constitution; the people, though they have been fools, and have surrendered their wives and children to these traitors, are not going to be- come slaves so easily. More, “the set time to favor Zion came,” and on the next page “a gentleman had his pockets picked at the Bowery theatre of $150, $29, and $1000 in a draft on the U. S. bank.” It appears the set time did come. I would much sooner suspect such a canting hypocrite for the robbery than any one else; not satisfied with robbing us of our money, our wives and our liberty, they would robus of our senses. Now look at this track and see what we have been about, to let them set up the standard of the Lord, they call it; I would not give much for their lord, if he has no better standard. I would ra: ther have a wooden lord. But I promised another speci- men. Mrs. A made a professor of religion in 1826. Mr. A is not a professor, though he is kind to his wife, affords her every opportunity of attending religious meetings, &c. [Like the rest of husbands, I think he is over kindl. In return, Mrs. A is frequently talking of her husband's be: ing “quite hardened and thoughtless.” In the presence of both strangers and neighbors, she will say, “Oh, Mr. A. I wish you would get religion—I wish you would.” Now, all this is doubtless true, and he ought to be re- minded of it by the wife of his bosom, and in such amaly ner as to convince him that she prays for him, and feels more than she can express. But she has talked to him so much, and in so improper a manner, that I wonder he bears it, when I remember that his “mind is at enmity against God.” Yet he does bear it, and apparently with: MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON, 191 out initation; but it is evident that his respect and affee- tion for his wife are gradually diminishing. He has be: come so accustomed to this “clink” of the house bell that it makes no good impression on him. Once pious conversa- tion affected him; now it does not, and he is gradually losing his respect for religion. His wife, hopefully very pious, but injudicious, is making sad work with him. Wives! take care how you talk to your non-professing husbands. “Be ye wise as serpents.” Love religion, pray much, and choose out acceptable words and seasons. Don't complain and scold, nor “cast perils before swine.” I do not wonder at his losing respect for their religion. On the contrary, I should wonder if he did not. Now these are the people who wish to be presidents, &c. Church and state people, as for that, if they get the state they will not trouble themselves much about the church. The church of Christ and them are as far asun- der as heaven and hell. This stuff is merely calculated for women and fools, of which there are a number in Washington. While they are reading this, thrownto them by way of bate, the long heads are steadily and secretly engaged in the great plan not of salvation, but of over-turning the government. What must foreign ministers think of us, when they see cart loads of this stufflying every where in our city. There is enough at this moment in the office of the to thatch a large barn. Thus goes the money of silly women Trod under foot. Much better it should than poisoning the unwary and ignorant. You have only to throw 50 cents, or a dollar into the Lord’s treasury, go to hear Post once, and read one of Skinner's Registers, to be a hopeful convert—what an en- lightened nation we are! We ought to have a patent right for discovering the way to heaven. But as to feeding the hungry, or clothing the naked with a garment, no such thing. This is really a new way of getting to hea. ven. I believe, however, it is only confined to women. This Mr. Skinner can not think he is doing right, he can not in his heart, approve of such an abominable pros. titution of the scriptures, and common sense. But what 192 MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON. is he to do, these fellows have all the cash; truth has he supporters; he must live; though he would starve, were he an homestman, before he would countenance false hood and treason. “Her books are very dangerous,” said one of those robbers, to a lady, particularly to females, no woman ought to open her books or read them, they are very dangerous.” Dangerous to him, doubtless, because it would have opened her eyes to his villainy. This was said of the Black book Now I challenge these Black coats to point out a single sentence in the whole work that is opposed to virtue or the christian religion Nay, I challenge them to point out one sentence that does not enjoin all the moral virtues and the christian re- ligion in its purity; why did they not take the book in hand, and point out the dangerous part? No, he feared the truth. If there was anyone single particle in it, con- trary to truth, it would long since have rung from shore to shore, through their papers. But in saying it was a dangerous book, he told truth; but it is dangerous only to the enemies of truth. - I received a number of complimentary letters upon the appearance of the Black book; enough to form a large book. These letters say “go on Mrs. R. you are in a good cause, you are doing good, push on, you have done a great deal of good, but you have much more to do et.” Many of these people I have never seen, and doubtless, they, with many others, are amongst people of wealth and property (as a man who has nothing to lose, has nothing to fear) and have become alarmed at these all- grasping church and state people. Now they are willing to accept my aid, and very glad of the effect, but they do not consider that my paper maker and printer will not work for nothing, and this is the reason this dangerous sect has got so great an advantage, they have money flush every one of them. Never saw one, but had a pocket book full of bank notes. They can buy paper, they can hire printers, they have now more papers than the whole of the United States together; thus falsehood, knavery, treason, oppression, and vice, have triumphed MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON. 193 over truth, honesty, patriotism, liberty and virtue, and as to the christian religion it has been frightened out of our country by the vileness of its professors. I received a letter the other day, from a member of congress, in which he mentions this new Jesus Christ that has lately appeared. He states in the letter “he is glad to hear of a new christian religion, for he is ashamed of the old one;” and well he may. I saw the Editor of the Reformer for the first time, when I was last in Philadelphia; he told me that he rath- er lost by his paper, that he merely devoted his talents and time for the public good, and gave away nearly as many papers as he sold. This paper deserves a liberal sup- oit, it is a sore thorn in the sides of those church and state men. Mr. Gates, the Editor, has almost alone for several years, combatted these fellows, and has done much good by opening the eyes of the people. He has the sensiblest face I ever saw on man, with a steady firm countenance, his forehead is the only one I ever saw that was a true resemblance of Shakespear's, which every one knows is of singular depth. There is another Edi- tor in New York city, I do not recollect the name, per- haps the Tellescope. Also one in Rochester, whose pa. per is called Plain Truth, all of which have undertaken to defend our civil and religious liberty; and though they are ably conducted, they have very little patronage. This is cruel and ungrateful. When men fight our battles, we pay them, and why we can expect men to furnish paper and printing, (which, by experience, I know to be very expensive) without funds, is extraordinary. Neither of the papers, I believe, exceeds one dollar per annum. What is this? Why the missionary presses can count a million to one. Thus, virtue and truth have no suppor- ters, and those who refuse so small a sum in reward for honesty, truth and independence, deserve to be made slaves. The bold push lately made in Congress, however, will, doubtless, rouse the indignation of the people who will take more efficient means than heretofore. As to the Reformer, the other Editors and myself, we have acted a 17—Vol. III. 194 MISSION ARIES IN WASHINGTON. faithful and fearless part, in discharge of our duty. Now let the people do theirs. They find that we have not de- ceived them, the heathen is proved to be our liberties. And though they have been disappointed in the Pennsyl- vania Legislature, and in Congress, the danger is by no means over, the fire is only smothered, they will not give up, they are too strong, too wealthy, and too ambitious of power to be quiet. Besides, it is not in their nature, they are a blood-thirsty people, restless, and will ever be dangerous to the people. All priests are dangerous when clothed with power; but both priests and people of this Calvin doctrine are dangerous. See how bitter they are pesecuting the masons in New York, which is a perfect den of these thieves. The masons, the most liberal, humane and enlightened citizens we have, stand in the way of these traitors, and in order to carry their point, they are persecuting those innocent men, who have done more good in one day than the whole Calvin race ever did, or ever will do, they are quite in earnest. Some of these knaves, at one of their anti-masonic meetings in Pa since Gen. Jackson has been elected, entered into certain resolutions, one of which was to request the Gen- eral to abjure masonry, but on second thought, gave it up. It is well known that masonry embraces the enlightened part of our population; this is their gall, is our country to be degraded in this manner? Is everything good and viru- ous, liberty and all to fall before a set of robbers? Who make better citizens than masons? We are now a laugh- ing stock, and the christian religion, what is it?, They have got up a religious line of stages in New York state, only to run six days in the week. Some gentlemen travel: ling with me, was speaking of the subject, and turned it into ridicule; he said, “the horses went to church and took the sacrament, and went to Sabbath schools—See the reproach these vile wretches have brought on the christian religion. If liberty is to be abused in this man- ner, we had better go back to King George; we had none of this stuff then; and as for taxes, we pay a hundred do: lars now, for one we paid then; and every man's wife and daughters were found at home. From another quarter I Mission ARIES IN WASHINGTON. 195 - heard that they are going to get up a new society to edu- eate pious stage drivers; the Lord deliver us from what they call pious. - - - - Supposing for argument. sake, that it is a sin to carry the mail on Sunday, what is it to them? have they to an- swer for it; this does not prevent them from keeping the Sabbath, or letting it alone. If it be a sin, it is not laid at their door, it is a matter between those who carry it and their God Why do they not petition for a law against Priests, (or what you call them) from preaching for pay on the Sabbath? Why do they not petition for a law to revent the houses of worship from being profaned on the Sabbath, by turning them into a den of robbers and money changers, and a place of assignation for lewd people at untimely hºurs (1 have learned this in my late tour.) Why do they not petition for a law to observe the third and the sixth Commandment, the vile hypocrites? Every now and then, an t is found murdered in the canal, and in different places in the Metropolis. Why do they not petition for the observance of the tenth Commandment. No-these laws would affect themselves more than any class of our citizens. All this is evident, as glaring as moonday. These old and young pious miscreants, going from house to house, squeezing the girls' hands (pretty fathers and brothers we have) “have you felt the change? suppose you would die now, what do you think would become of you?—an't you coming to the fair?—an't you going to bring something to cast into the treasury of the Lord?” I would ask these Mr. Blackcoats if they know anything of a pious young man by the name of Adams, who converted a number of young ladies, principally in Pennsylvania? I will make them acquainted with the gentleman in my next work. - But another short extract from the Register, I am sor- ry I have not room for the whole piece, it being an open avowal of their project to overturn our government, and evidently proves on the face of it, that the long list of evils by which our country has been afflicted is to end, (if not prevented) in the total overthrow of our liberty. It is to be effected by one great effort of the whole Cal- 196 MISSIONARIES IN WASHINGTON. vinistic crew. The article I alluded to, is nearly (only bolder) the same as Dr. Ely's fourth of July sermon (so- ry I have not room for the sermon.) The article was published in a Missionary Herald, and would take up two pages of my book. It is divided into four heads, and is a fiery appeal to the passions; principally, however, to avarice and ambition; a clear evidence that their plan of establishing their religion, or in other words, getting into power, has been the only thing they have had in view from the beginning of this missionary scheme; though wrapped in the cloak of religion for concealment. The piece is so artfully written that it will admit of two con- structions, but can only be resolved into one; take out “missionary” and put “church and state” in its room, and it displays one of the blackest and most deep-laid conspiracies that was ever conceived by man. After ex- hausting every efficient word in the English language, in exhorting to one great effort in the cause of the church, the article goes on: “Far from the heart be apathy, negligence and lukewarmness. Every man, and everywo- man, who can feel for the sufferings of our race, and can judge what it is to have no hope, and to live without God in the world, should watch every movement in the pre- parations for the great struggle which is commencing. What right will any one have to exult in the victory, who now sits with his arms folded, and his mind at ease, when the greatest of all controversies is about to be decided? What right has such an one to number himself among the soldiers of the cross? If a man does not exhibit signs of life at such a time as this, how can it be concluded that he has the principles of life within him? Let it be well considered, then, how vast an augmentation of interest there must be in our churches, before all the members shall be prepared to take that part in the benevolent op- erations of the day, which would comport so well with their profession, and to which they are urged by every motive of fidelity to their Lord.” Any one with half an eye, must see what this “great struggle” is to be, “simultaneous operation,” and then “benevolent operation;” see the ingenuity. It appears. CAPITAL HILL. 197 however, that the lukewarm, when, “the greatest of all controversies” arrives, are not to be numbered amongst the soldiers of the cross. The meaning I suspect, is, that they have no right to expeº: ths office of general, judge, secretary of state, &c. May they every one be shot down, as doubtless they will, the moment they attempt the “greatest of all controversies.” This is the paper, and this is the treason, issued from the press in Wash- ington City. As for the “Dish clout Editor,” as the Chronicle is called, it is too low to deserve notice. There is no press in Washington to combat those trait- ors, they go on as they please. Gen. Green's paper is very independent to be sure, but it is strictly political. Any man of talent and liberality would be ably patronized in Washington. As for Messrs. Force and G. & S. they are in the Henglish ranks, and literature, taste, and the fine arts, have no support. CAPITAL HILL. Some distance back, it will be seen, I took up my re- sidence on Capital Hill, in the bankhouse. Here I was in the heart of the blackcoats; I had them front, rear, right, and left. There is Rev. Peter Post-in my rear, and Holy Willy in front, and near him young Mucklewrath—old Mucklewrath on my right, and the Sunday school on my left, just under my window—not one of them a stone's throw—This is what I like, close fighting. I sat in the upper story, in a room facing the Engine house, where the Sunday school is kept. I was ignorant of the school, until the first Sunday after I was located in the house, and the first introduction I had, was a few stones rapping against my window to the danger of my head. It was early in the morning, about eight o'clock upon looking out, I saw several little boys and girl. around the Engine house. They seemed trigged up meat and clean, but continued to fling stones, sometimes at the house, and sometimes at the stable, which stands near the house. The stable, particularly, as it was an old dry wooden building, made a tremendous noise, and 17* - - 198 CAPITAL HILi, it was one thump after another. The door of the Engine house not being open, I was not aware of the cause of their assembling, and asked them “what they were do- ing there?”—“they said, they came to the Sunday school.” I asked them if that was their lesson, to fling stones? and desired them to quit. They kept on, however, and I was forced to submit to their annoyance. At length, a larger boy came, quite a genteel looking youth, of about fourteen years of age. I complained to him, and he reprimanded them. They then left off ston- ing the house, the palings, and the stable, but turned upon a boy who was riding by, upon a young spry horse, and came near breaking the boy's neck, by the plunging of his horse. Cows—nothing missed them. Meantime, some of the little girls joined them in fling- ing stones, and others exposed their persons in the most indecent manner. After a while, the teachers came, and called them in. These teachers consist of the lower class, from four to six young persons of each sex. The first who made his appearance, was Tom Oystertongs—he came up the square from toward the City. Next came Pompey Pop: larhead, in a sleek coat, big hat, quite in print. He was followed by two or three little children, of whom he seemed to take especial care. He smiled mostgraciously upon Miss Sally Smirk, whom he met at the door, and they both entered the Engine house together. He came down the square by Mr. Tims'. - Shortly after this, poor Miss Dina Dumpling. tripped along alone. As I have not the honor of an acquaintance with the ladies and gentlemen, I just name them after their appearance. Miss D, was rather short, but had a nice waist riband, and wore her best gown, as she, with her godly companions, were to go to church when school was out. She was very awkward and very proud, as all ignorant people are: Quick after her came Miss Riggle, and was attended by Mr. Simon Sulphur—I smelt the sulphur strong. He was, I believe, her brother-in-law. She had just got a new French bonnet, stuck with flowers and folly; and CAPITAL HILL. 199 |est you might not know. she had on a fine bonnet, she shook it to and fro, and riggled till I was quite charmed with the bonnet, and the wise head that wore it. It was a little muddy, and her feet were small and pretty, and were covered with a pretty little shoea piece; and she had such work to get through the mud, to avoid soiling her shoes. And what made the matter worse, there was an audacious stone in the way, about the size of a goose egg; this was terrific! She made a full stop, and shook her bonnet at it some time, but no respite, over it she must step. If she turned to the right she had to attack a larger stone, and if she turned to the left she would have to contend with a bank of clay; and at last, after two or three more shakes of the head, over she went. She stepped amazing short, about three inches. She was very holy of course, as she was a holy man and woman's daughter. The next were two of the Miss Dismals, as their long sooty faces and guant figures betold. They had no beaux. And lastly came Hallelujah Holdforth. He was the head man—a sort of demi-priest. He was long, lean, lank, and lantern-jawed, and long yellow-faced, and glow- ed with pious feelings. He soon went to prayer and praise. The children who stoned the house, were on their knees before the engine-house window, and looked at me during prayer. - All these fellows are slim and supple, as though they were trained for a race. I suspect they intend to run us down. What else they did besides singing and praying I do not know, but in a little over two hours they all walked out and went in the city to church. Some of the children went with them, the well dress- ed ones, and the shabby looking ones sauntered about the streets, whooping and blackguarding each other and passing strangers. Picking up stones, and flinging them in all directions. - 200 CAPITAL HILL. Flinging stones is the daily employment of the chil. dren on Capital Hill—now and then they send one in at the doors, and at another time against the windows, and knock out a pane. This they learn by going to Sunday school, doubtless, as they attend it constantly. This Sunday school continued much the same way due ring the summer, with two or three long prayers and long psalms. The children always attending some time before the teachers, and employed themselves in blackguarding me under my window, and flinging stones, before the teachers came. Hopeful converts. They grew so bad at length, that I went to the engine house and threatened the whole of them. They were not so bad afterwards in day-light, but on Sunday even- ings, and every evening, they would gather in shoals and stone the house, palings, and the stable—use ill and loud language, and sing obscene songs to a late hour.” If ever it comes to blows between us and the Black- coats in Washington, it will doubtless be carried on by flinging stones on one side at least, for they are certainly practising for the “great struggle.” Shortly after the school party dispersed, I was assailed in another quarter by the negroes at the white church. It is also near my room, and of all the hallooing, bel. lowing, roaring, squealing, and squalling, the like was never heard. I heard no male's voice, however, but Preacher Thunder's. It was like the roaring of cannon. His lungs were certainly iron proof. Now and then he * In justice the Blackcoats ought not to bear all the blame. Dr. M–’s sons would head the regiment. These young gentlemen, near- ly men grown, used to drill the others, and teach them secrets in ac- tions and words, of which the others soon became apt scholars. - Every house on Capital Hillis assailed by these ruffians. Negroes, drunken Irish, are no comparison to them, as it is pursued from wan- ton and deliberate design. I am told Dr. M. has given up his sons to the penitentiary. But hope for his sake this may reclaim them, and that at least they may suffer females to walk the streets without personally assaulting them, and endangering people's lives by flinging stones into doors and win: dows. I complained to Justice Y. He said “his children were the best children in the city, and he was the cleverest man, and youth would be wild.” CAPITAL HILL. 201 would pause to let the women yell, a noise in which he seemed to delight. Their noise was made up of differ- ent sounds, yelling like Indians or wolves, louder than a tempest, and worse than ſhe battle of the frogs. It was the most terrific sound I ever heard I can cºmpare it to nothing but a thousand victims under the knife of the assassin a once. How Peter Post can stand it so near him is astonishing—he must be case hardened. Thus women, black or white, disgrace religion. They are heard all over the city. - - At night it was renewed,” and their fellow hypºcrites of the engine house joined in chorus ºut Hºllelujah Hold-forth was a fool to Preacher Thunder, his voice was completely drowned. There is scarcely any group of men and women, of any rank or classin society, but you may see, or hear, or learn some good. Even amongst the most lawless robbers you may hear some noble sentiment. But amongst these eople never. The foundation of their principles is laid in error, and of course the whole structure is wrong. The christian religion, of which they make profession, consists in modesty, meekness, and charity. They say it consists in money, and their conduct confirms what they say. Now this is false—the kingdom of Heaven is not of this world, but money is of this world, and the root of all evil, which, as respects the missionary plan, has been abundantly proved by their late treacherous at- tempts to overturn our constitution—money was the cause of this. But admitting they could succeed in enslaving our country, what would they gain? They would ulti- mately fall a sacrifice to their own policy, as their sys- tem is destructive of every plan; even vice itself, which appears to be their governing principle; their plan is op- posed to itself. For instance, they are aiming to crush the progress of knowledge; their schools, their books, and their whole conduct, presents a lamentable proof of this. Their attempts to murder me, lest I should expose *I find these negroes do not make anoise in their worship while Con- gress is sitting; the vile impudent hypocrites, to set the citizens at de- fiance, as they do, in the absence of Congress. 202 CAPITAL LILL. them. Their attempts to suppress masonry, which, as an enlightened body of men, they dread, proves clearly that their great engine is ignorance, which of course will ultimately prove their own destruction. The blow aimed at masonry prove them to be traitors of the blackest dye, as it flourishes in every enlightened country, and in fact there is no country enlightened where it does not flourish, Nor have we an instance from the beginning of the world to this day of any attempts to suppress it, except in Spain, the most bigotted, despotic and priest-ridden country on the globe. This, if nothing else, ought to open the eyes of the people. But to return. It is painful to see handsome young fe- males, who (properly educated) might grace a levee, ca- terwauling about with a parcel of raw, ignorant young fellows at night—for their singing is more like cats mew- ing than any thing else. Here they sit flirting their fans and suffocating with heat for hours, at the expense of -health, reputation and every thing dear or estimable in woman. What good purpose does this answer? Three nights in the week this is the case—some cunning mis- sionary telling them a long story about the Lord's doings. They have the Lord's doings in the bible better told than any missionary can tellit. Why do they not, if religiously inclined, stay at home in their fathers' house and read the Lord's doings? But there are no young men there Now if these young ladies were really Christians, in: stead of ignoramuses, and instead of dressing and flirting about at night with young fellows, they would hunt up the destitute and afflicted, and relieve their suffering they would deserve credit. For this they need not go far in Washington. But so long as they neglect the sufferings of the poor, and give their earnings to lazy young men. tell me nothing of their religion. Thus we see the fatal effects of this money business. It swallows up every thing estimable, and from the ignorance and vice item. genders, will finally become the grave of its worshippº If the parents of these young ladies would expend the half of the money expended in frippery and all the mº ney bestowed on the missionaries, in improving the CAPITAL HILL. 203 minds, they would be able to Judge for themselves. They would be an honor to their sex and a comfort to their par ſents they would be the delight of the enlightened part of the other sex, and the admiration of the angels them- selves. As it is, what are they? Pride and ignorance covered with feathers and frippery. What man would marry such a woman? A missionary himself would spurn her. This accounts for such a number of old maids, since the rise and progress of this system. Now you never find an enlightened woman in the missionary service. I never saw but one whom I would dignify with the name of lady who loved missionaries or was fa- vorable to their scheme. Mrs. M s of Northampton, Mass. This was easily accounted for. Mr. M. had been along time indisposed, and was unable to assert his pre- rogative. Thus our sex have become a subject of ridi- cule and a laughing stock, from neglecting to improve their minds, from the want of a good system of educa- tion. Who can view the picture without horror? This Capitol Hill, as already observed, is a den of blackcoats, with but one or two exceptions. Old Hol Willy and young Holy Willy and old Habakuk, Muckle- wrath, Hallelujah Holdforth, and two or three cousins, nearly make the population. Holy W. however, is com- mander-in-chief Strange stories are told of him and an aged black sister in Christ. It is said he used to instruct her in the gospel, and gave her some wholesome lessons on the salvation of her soul. She being a hardened sin- her, he was forced to resort to caustic specifics, even to the wounding of her flesh, and I believe report says she died in her sins under the operation. This, however, was not his fault (she had no business to die) as he was influ- enced by pure holy motives. Another holy story is told of his holy wi and a certain Dr. , but I skip over this. I used to like Holy W. myself very well once, till I learned his connection with the missionaries; nor is he a bad looking man. He is doubtless to be rewarded with a place in the new government, after the “great struggle” is ºver. He cannot be President, as that high office will, 204 CAPITAL HILL. - of course, belong to Dr. Ely. Nor do I think he will be one of the cabinet, so many being before him who have worked hard in the vineyard. He may, however, stand some chance to be Vice President, and as there is one of them in possession of the Secretary's place, he will be apt to hold it, and I see no chance for old Mucklewrath but to take Mr. Hickey’s place as clerk. The Senate then, I believe, will be completed as to clerks, and as for young Holy Willy and the young Mucklewrath, they would not, I suspect, take the place of Sergeant at arms or door-keeper, they will have to be provided for by the executive. Foreign ministers, ambassadors, or something respectable, Seeing something from my window, one day, shuffling along the street as if it was hamstrung—you could scarcely tell whether it went backward or forward–like a crab, it moved in all possible directions. The thing resembled an Ourang Outang in a morning gown. I ask- ed what that could be? and the reply was “It is Mr. Ha- bakuk Mucklewrath. A few nights after that, my window was broken by a stone, and as it was rather dark, I could only discover small bodies on the ground of battle, but could not ascer- tain whether boys or girls, or white or black. About to take up one upon suspicion, a colored boy, he said “he would tell who broke the window,” and pointing to a house he said “the boy who did the deed lived there, and his name (I think he said) was George. I went to the house, and who should live there but old Mucklewrath but do not imagine he asked me in, or to sit down, or any thing christian-like. I stood up and accused George “o breaking the window on such a night.” No, “George did not do any such thing. He was not out of the house.” I would justus soon suppose he sent George to do it as not—for the moment I saw his face I discovered the mark of the beast. One of the young Mucklewraths keeps a druggist shop and the other keeps a school—both highly charged with sulphur. These are Mr. Waterston's fine schools. The manners of the children are good specimens of the abil- CAPITAL HILL. 205 ties of the teachers. Such another set of insolent, dirty, idle, vicious children are not to be found under heaven as those on Capital Hill. And here is the headquarters ol the “good sound presbyterians.” But this is their aim, to sink the human family into ignorant barbarians that they may reign over them. May the rabble serve them as the elephants served their owners in old times, when they put them in the front of the battle. Let this turn out as it may, the evil appears to have come to a head in Washington at least. The Columbian Register says, “the Sabbath Schools are nurseries of in- telligence and piety,” “behold how great a matter a little fire kindleth,” “and a tone of christianity seems to pre- wall amongst our citizens.” What blasphemy! whether the matter be great or small, it appears the fire is kin- dled. But we will finish Capital Hill–The Messrs. Laws, father and son, live next to Mucklewrath: they are opposed to Priestcraft and Missionaries, and are the first people in city. Mr. Law, and I think his son, are natives of Eng- land; they are people of wealth and own considerable property in the city. They are both esteemed and be: loved by the poor for their charity and benevolence. They are private citizens, and are men of information, and highly accomplished - Next and last in the row, are the Misses Polks, very genteel and agreeable ladies. They keep a boarding house and are much respected; but the society is so bad. even dangerous, from the army of desperadoes—I mean the rude boys—that hardly any decent person will board on Capital Hill–It is almost abandoned. The Misses Polks were amongst the kind few that call- ed on me in my confinement—Dr. M. lives opposite to them, and somewhere near him, lives my friend J. J. whom they call “Cockeyed Cady,” and somewhere in the neighborhood, Mrs. Rapine; she has some very fine daughters, but is a great missionary lady herself. An old Mr. Lovelady falls in somewhere about here, who I am told has converted a great many females tº the gospel faith. He is a great missionary and tract man, 18. Vol. III. 206 CAPITAL HILL. and much esteemed by the Presbyterians, for his success in making hopeful converts amongst the women; he con- verts white and black. His son, the young Mr Love- lady, is also esteemed a useful member. Near this place, a flat white stone, before a door often attracts my eye. Upon this stone, I once sat friendless and forlorn for about two hours, and no one asked me in- - to his house. I had business with the proprietor who was not in, as a lady from the upper story through a win- dow informed me. I knew he must come in to tea, and being weary, cold and hungry, I sat down upon the stone at the door Every now and then, the lady (if she de- serves the name) would put her head out of the window and say, “you needen't sit there, brother an’t a commin, you may go away, brother won't be home to night.” I was told afterwards, she was a hopeful convert to barbarism, they meant doubtless—Adversity at last is the thing to try mankind. How different from this are the savages. Meantime I cast my eye wistfully towards the oppo- site side of the avenue, at a couple of gentlemen, who were sitting in a portico; but I saw nothing friendly in their countºnances. - Another holy man lives next Mr. Sulphur, whom I mentioned under the article of Sunday Schools—Major Gamble, Messrs. Thruston and Weightman come next, and I believe a miliner lives next. Of the rest I know nothing, excepting that Just Y g, lives in the row, and one C– n, a shoe- maker, a member of the holy aliance. This ruflian came into my room one day, when I was confined in bed, and insulted me grossly. He called me a liar several times. He took histone from religion too—Col. Gardner, a very nice man, lives next Young Mucklewrath's shop is next. but I always steered clear of it after I discovered the piety of the owner, lest we might blow it up. Round the corner lives my friend Tims, a worthy man and a kind neighbour. He has an amiable and benevolent fam- ily. Mrs. T. and her daughters are accomplished wº men. They too were amongst the good Samaritans, whº called upon me and offered me every thing their house afforded. - C APITAL HILL. 207 ... I ask Mr. Hickey's pardon—He lives in the row on the avenue, and though he is very friendly I never was in his house but once. Captain Burch, Dr. Ewell and D. Carrol, esq. hon. J. Cranch and the Messrs. Brents, are all that I know on the Hill, but they all lived out of my neighbourhood. . I called once on my friend B. O. Tyler, and for the first time saw Mrs. Tyler, a very handsome and genteel yan- kee lady. Mrs. T. was as kind as ever, but I kept clear of D–s. I have seen neither Dr. E. nor Capt. B for a long time. The Captain is a very benevolent gentle: manly man, but I am afraid he is one of the henpecked unfortunates. Hearing that he was afflicted with a can- cer, I called to see him, but his rib said “he was asleep upstairs, and I could not see him.” Several weeks after this, I met her in Penn, avenue, and enquired after the Captain; what answer she made I do not recollect, as her subsequent observation put it all out of my head. I recol- lect well, however, of telling her, I thought she could not be a good christain, or she would have called on me in my distress. “He does not want to see you—he does not want to buy any of your books—he's bought too ma- my of 'um aready—he has no money to spare for books.” The Captain did, I believe, purchase two books, and tho’ the amount was small, it was great to me at the time. But had I known it would have brought him into trouble, as - * it did, I would rather have given him ten dol- al"S. This woman is a Roman Catholic; but where they are low and uneducated, they are as mean as other sects of the same class. Now I had no more thought or intention of attempting to sell a book to the Captain, than I had of selling one to the GreatMogul, as my books sell fast enough in the bookstores, and it was out of pure friendship I cal- led, nor had I a book about me. She has some verygen- teel and respectable children particularly Samuel B, esq. Chief Clerk of the House of Representatives ºf the Con- gress of the United States of America—Messrs. G. & S. have it much longer. Now one would have thought, that for her children's 208 CAPITAL flili, - sake, and for the sake of her grand children who are to be great ladies, she would have been more upon her guard toward me particularly; but she is governed but by one principle only, which I need not name. Are these peo- ple worthy of patronage? I should think not. Look at the vast amount her family receives, $3,300 per ann. her husband $1500 and her son $1800, and see the effect. I shall ever remember her on another account—Some loose women having got into the lower part of my house in my absence, upon my return (a few days since) I sent to apprize Mr. Carrol, and requested him to have them removed. He directed Mr. Constable Beck to go and turn them away. He was, however, upon too good terms with them, and giving them notice, one of them, (the most infamous drunken wretch in the city every one knows, Betsey King) because she is a Roman Catholic, and Mrs. B. is a Roman Catholic; she goes to Mrs. B. and Mrs. B goes to Mr. Carrol and told him “she was a woman of a mighty good character,” and Mrs. somebody else was a mighty good character,” and here I have been tormented with these people the whole time of writing my third volume. - There are ten of them in the whole; the woman with the two negro children inclusive, children and all get drunk and raise a fair tornado. These are visited by the most abandoned of the other sex, black and white, and of course none but drunken vagabonds would visit such beastly females; they are beyond shame, beyond example. Every moment almost, I am called (having no servant) upon to open the door for some impudent red-faced drunk- ard or vagabond negro, inquiring for “Miss Betsey King, Mrs. Howard, &c. &c.” My patience exhausted, annoy- ed to distraction, I was forced to wait personally upon Mr. C, when he apprized me that Mrs B. had been to him and said they were of “mighty good character,” and JMrs. Holy Willy had recommended Mrs. Jones, with the negro children. Now as Mrs. Jonesis of Mrs. Willy's religion I would thank her to take her to her own house; and I would also advise Mrs. B. next time to take these “mighty good characters” to her house; as they are good CAPITAL HILL. 209 characters she cannot object to them. Mr. Carrol Was much hurt to hear that his house, in the most public part of Capital Hill, was turned into a negro brºthel, and gave me full power to turn the whole of them off; no easy mat- ter, as the police officers are as abandoned as they are: Through these means doubtless, Capital Hill is intest- ed by a gang of low, drunken Irish, because they are Roman Catholics, and Americans and negroes" of the same stamp that have some one to recommend them to D. Car- roll, Esq. who, having a great number of houses, and be- ing avery benevolent man, feels for the poor, and is im- posed on most shamefully; and between these, the black coats, and abandoned, vicious children, Capital Hill has become dangerous and almost desolate. People are not safe in their houses nor out of them. I have heretofore briefly adverted to D. Carroll, Esq. but at that time had but very little acquaintance with him. He is one, and the only one of the original proprietors of Washington City now living. He is a stout, fine looking man, nor does he look old, if we except his grey hairs. Mr. C, is agentleman of great wealth—nearly the whole of Capital Hill belongs to him. He lives in a palace, which occupies one of the handsomest situations in the city. A beautiful grove (the only original trees in the ci- ty) stands at the foot of the lawn in front of his house and crowns the whole with enchantment, a clear purling rill runs over a bed of gravel through the grove. Thus he lives a private life in the style of a Prince. He has no son to inherit his vast possessions, though he has sev- eral beautiful and accomplished daughters. He has be- stowed much pains and expense upon the education of his daughters, who have just returned from the seminary at Emmetsburg, when I saw them for the first time. This seminary, which has acquired great reputation, I fully intended to visit in the course of my last tour, but found it impossible to do so and meet my other engage- ments from the inconvenience in the line of stages. *All the respectable colored people have left the hill. 18% 210 CAPITAL Hlí, L. I have little more to add on the subject of Washington this time, being anxious to get my volume out of press by the inauguration of the President. I had a word to say on the subject of the clerks of the House of Repre- sentatives, but doubtless, the change now about to take place will save me the trouble. These clerks, I believe, have been in a long time at a most shameful and extrava. gant salary, and are still as poor as Job. As for Mr. St. Clair Clarke, Mr. Burch, and Mr. Fletcher, the messen- gers and officers of the House I have nothing to say against them. But all the others ought to go out. A boy 15 years old for 50 dollars and found would do the busi- mess these men have to do as well to the full.” But there are numbers of amiable men, sober, moral, and homest, who could doubtless be found, as well qualified and more deserving. Besides, these are vulgar men, who never ought to have been put in. They disgrace out country. I cannot speak positively as to J. and P. be- cause I never saw them in their place or out of it; and why a man should suppose they ought to receive such an enormous sum in preference to men of merit, I should like to know. I, merely as one of the sovereign people, ask for information. As to the officers and messengers, they are steady, honest and (I think) sober men at all times. But my friend Watterston ought to be hauled over the coals about his duties; being a man of sense and learning, he is the more dangerous. He tells me, “he is not in ſa- vor of the missionary scheme.” If he is not, why did he suffer (if he did not buy them) the books of the Sunday School Union to be put in Congress Library? Why does he go to the blackcoat church? Why does he entertain shoals of these missionaries? Pass his house when you will, you find it enveloped in a flock of blackcoats, like ravens round carrion. Why is this? I judge altogether by facts, I do not care what any man says, I attend to what he does. These Sunday school books are lying use- * The hunter of Kentucky, Mr. Chilton, was right. Here are 5 clerks at $1500 each, not fit for footmen—look at them in the recess of Congress, and see how they spend their time. CITY POST OFFICE. 211 less in the library, as I would suppose no member of Congress reads them. Let Mr. W., sell them and give the amount to the suffering poor—if he is so pious, let him show it that way. I shall not be at peace while the dignity of our country is insulted in this manner. Nor am I satisfied with my meat, quiet Mr. Everett, for not attending better to his part of the business. As for Mr. W. were it not for the suspicion that clings to him, and his openly associating with these traitors, no worthier man could be selected for librarian; if he is in the mis- sionary ranks no worse. His talents would be a host— he would doubtless figure high after the “great struggle” is over. Some of my friends suspect Mr. Watterston for writing a bitter critique on the second volume of the Black Book, published in the merald in Baltimore, but I cannot think he would act so ungentlemanly, not to say ungratefully, toward me. I rather suppose it to have been a little drunken red eyed clerk in one of the De- partments, whom I promised should go out. But (for I have never yet had time to read it) should the writer prove to be Mr. Watterston, no further evidence is neces- sary to prove him a dangerous man to our government, and he ought to be dismissed as soon as possible, if he were my brother” Mr. St. Clair C. also goes to the black coat church, but he is a warmhearted sensible man, and ridicules them as much as any man. CITY POST OFFICE. This establishment, likewise, wants cleaning out. Every letter I put in the office, with the word Booksel- ler on it, was suppressed, in this or some other office, except such as I franked to the members of Congress. The evidence of this I have now in my possession, so far as to prove that the letters above designated were not received by those booksellers to whom they were direct- * Glory to our Constitution, a man can go to what church he pleases, and we have a right to employ whom we please to do our work. 212 CITY PoST of FICE. ed—so they state, and being gentlemen, I believe them. By this, (besides the postage nolittle) I have lost between four and five hundred dollars. This was cruel, and swal- lowed my profi and my labor. I have out of four hun- dred and thirty books, not received one cent. The Henglish bookseller is suspected for this, as he has the means. There is an old insolent ruffian in the office, a messen- ger, I think, who, when i first saw him, was covered with rags. He now wears a fine cloth coat.” How did he come by that. - By this ruffian I have often been grossly insulted. Not only this, but I have often caught this fellow in the office, when the officers had left it (which they do at three o'clock every day) sometimes alone, and sometimes with other low characters. Every one knows that every let- ter either going from or received at Washington is lying open on the shelves and tables, so that it would be difficult at any time to tell whether half the letters were or were not stolen. Calling in one afternoon, I caught several ill looking strangers in the office, (some might have belonged to it,) at least they were strangers to me. Two of these fellows had a number of letters lying be- tween them, upon a long, rather high bench, where let- ters are laid to be sorted. They were, however, at some distance from the place generally used, in a corner, both sitting on the bench near together, and very industriously engaged in feeling the letters and looking into them! Either some one who can be trusted ought to be always in the office, or the letters or doors secured. I do not point out the remedy however, I only point out the evil. There is a long missionary, pale, meagre looking fel- low in the office, the most vicious, insolent (and even dangerous) man in the pay of the government. Every one will know him by this picture, (I do not know his name.) This man, to the glory, honor, praise, and power. of the United States of America, was the first man whº * I have been told he is a general spy. UITY POST OFFICE. 213 insulted me in Washington City. In the metropolis of that structure, which in part (and no small one) owes its exis- tence to the bravery and patriotism of my deceased hus: band. This man insulted me the first day I came into Washington City, and he has often since that, been upon the point of laying violent hands upon me. It would be beyond disgrace to keep such a man in a place of so much trust. Mr. Sweeny is a very gentlemanly upright man; so, also is the younger Mr. Monroe. Nor have I any ſault to find with the other clerks and messengers. Nor can I specify any fault to Mr T. Munroe, the city post master, though I blame him for the loose manner in which the office is conducted, as it must be his fault. He ia always in place, and a most gentlemanly man in his manners, but he ought not to suffer females, who have important business in the office, to be insulted My bu- siness obliges me often to enter the office; is my person to be put injeopardy when engaged in my lawful business? I am one of the sovereign people. These are our ser- wants whom we employ to do our business, and not to in- sult or assassinate us. I complained both to the post master general and Mr. Munroe of the insolence of this man, and apprised them of the circumstance of the letters. The post master gen- eral, whom I believed to be as immaculate as the virgin snow, said it was very improper, and he would speak to Mr. Munroe about it. Mr. Monroe, if I am not mistaken, smiled rather contemptuously But were as much de- ducted from his salary as I have lost, as I suppose, through this post office, I fancy he would not smile. There is, certainly, something wrong in this department, but where the fault lies, I cannot say. In the post master general's department I never have found one exception, unless it be the retention of one of the black coats, another Holy Willy: he is all gall. The poor wretch trembles like a leaf whenever he sees me, and runs out. But all the officers and clerks, except this one, are unrivalled. Such another set of men for probity and attention can nowhere else be found. This is doubt- less to be attributed to the head of the department, one 214 POST OFFICE. of the most indefatigable men in the world. I have heard that Judge McLean will be removed to some other part of the government, on account of his tal- ents, and the unbounded trust universally reposed in him: if he is, farewell to the post office business. His labors, however, are almost too oppressive for his constitution, which is rather delicate. But there is no fear but he will bring talents and integrity with him, whereven he comes. The Messrs. Bradleys are still in the office, alive and well; they have been in the office with honor to themselves and to their country since the general post office was established, and by their know- ledge in business, have, doubtless, relieved J. McLean from much labor. But my favorite is Parson O B Brown, the only honest Priest almost I ever met with. He is one of my sort of Parsons. He has none of that long-faced, hypocritical sanctification about him: he is a jolly, sensible man, and always gives me a smile, and a piece of bread, which I would rather have than a tract, at any time, because I can neither eat the tract nor wear it, if a man has the true mark (charity) of a christian, I set him down as one. Wm. G. Elliott, P. Simpson, Mr. Deming, Esqrs, and Col. C. K. Gardiner, are also favorites of mine, and alike entitled to applause. Mr Elhoit is a Bostonian, and has a large family, but that interest universally evinced by the yankees, in the advancement of literature, always prompts Mr. E. to lend me his patronage He is marri: ed to a daughter of Judge Dows, of Boston, but has lived some time in Washington. He is quite a small man, of middle age, and highly polished manners; he has a son, quite a boy, the handsomest and best accomplished youth in Washington. Mr. Deming is also a yankee, and much respected. There is another gentleman by the name of Wm. Elliott, in the same building, attached to the Patent office; he is first clerk of the office, and also a very gentlemanly and indefatigable man. He is another great patron of science and literature. The poor house and prison I have not visited, and hope at least they will render the poor house as comforta- NAVY WARD. 215 ble as possible before I call, as they may shortly expect me there. I did call at the Navy Yard, but found very little going on there A few people only at work in one of the shops, and no one to look after them. The Commodore was sick, and his wife had to look after him. I sent up my name by a servant, and this was the answer returned I asked the servant “if there was any hope of his death,” to which he replied by a broad grin I never found any hospitali- ty at this house. - The Lieut. of the yard, Kelley, was absent. I like the name, but should like to have seen the man much bet- ter. If government feels disposed to bestow charity upon Com. T. let them do so, but let them put somebody over the yard, if it be at all necessary, that will attend to it. From the Commodore's I went in search of an old and tried friend, Capt Easby, I say an old friend, though he is quite a young man. Capt. E. is one of the most amiable and humane men in Washington, or any other town. The circumstance of my entering Washington in deep distress, a few years back, is well known, I went to the Navy Yard to obtain relief from the masons. These, like the rest of the humane classes in Washington, are always aground from incessant demands on their funds. One of the masters, however, went to half a dozen peo- ple to borrow a dollar, as my distress was pressing: after trying in vain, he returned to me and said, “I have done every thing in my power for you madam, but there is not. a dollar in the yard.” I exclaimed involuntarily, “what shall I do?” “Trust to the Lord, as I have had to do many a time,” said the gentleman. Captain Easby, (who had never left my side, from the time he discovered I was a stranger in distress) took his pencil out of his pocket, and taking a letter out of my hand, written to me by Gen. Lafayette, wrote on the back of it, to a friend of his, a Mr. Prout, to let me have a dollar, which I received. This note I still have, and treasure it up with the general’s, as a memento of masonic charity, he being one. Nature certainly tried her skill upon captain E. He has, without 215 NAVY YARD; exception, the finest countenance ever displayed in hu. man face. I always call and press the generous hand that relieved me, and often advert to it, but modest as he is he is great and good, he shrinks in pain from applause Capt. E. is quite a small light figure, genteel, sober and industrious; he is no more than a master boat builder. Now, why did our government not appoint this amiable man Commodore, or something else. No, they love the English too well, nor are they very partial, it would seem to honest sober men”. Another clever man used to be here, the mastership. builder, but I had not the pleasure to see him; no ship. building going on at this time, he was absent. - After chatting a while with Mr. E. I walked down the Eastern branch a few steps to see Mr. Lindel, another old acquaintance Mr L. is a very ingenious, and most amiable man. He is quite a small man, of very engaging manners. He is very lively and gay in his address. Captain S. was tolerable. On this visit to the navy yard, I had the pleasure (and mo small one, as it was unexpected) of meeting with Dr. Milcher, if I do not mistake the name, and Lieutenant Fowler. - The Doctor is a stout portly man, of young appear- ance, with a fair complexion, and a soft blue eye; his manners and countenance are manly and affable; and up- on the whole, a very interesting man. Lieutenant Fowler is rather a small man, quite young, with a dark complexion, and very handsome features His eyes are black, and remarkably keen. His counte: mance is open and pleasing, and his manners sprightly and a W. - ºn. Carter is also a new acquaintance. He is a tall elegant figure, young, and very interesting in manners and appearance. * It will be said that were Mr. E. appointed to any lucrative office he would soon follow the steps of others—try him—and if he should turn him out-do as we do by our judges, keep them in during goºd behavior and no longer. - NAVY Y-ARI). 217 - Cul. H. and myself had had a small difference at ºur as interview, and I merely called to apprise him that was about to have him tried by a court martial for dis- respect to his superiors. The Col. looked rather sur- prised at first, but at length extended his hand, and pro- mised to behave better for the time to come. The celebrated Dr M'Williams, lives at the navy- yard. I have always had a strong desire to see this gen: tleman, and although I have now the third time called at the yard, yet was so completely tired down by. heat and ſatgue, that I have never been able to accomplish it—at this time, particularly, being very lame, and pressed for time—though his dwelling was pointed out to me, I was forced to deny myself that pleasure. But I hope the time is not distant when I shall have the happiness of his acquaintance, - Finally, all the difference I perceive in Washington since I wrote the Sketches, is, that the people eat more, drink more, dress more, cheat more, lie more, steal more, pray more, and preach more, and are more ignorant and indigent. The cause of this increase of calamities is the increase of the “copperheads,” as the people here call the Blackcoats. The increase of the copperheads (to be sure is a scandal to our great heads) is owing to the ig- morance of the people. Let Mr. Waterston say what he will about his good schools in Washington, to say nothing of children, I can show him a number of men and women with families in Washington, who can neither read nor write. But this is nuts for Mr. Waterston and the copperheads; the more ignorant the people, the easier they can gull them. You can manage 100,000 ig- morant people easier than one of intelligence. It is painful and disgusting in the extreme to see the ignorance of the females in Washington. They give the last cent to the copperheads, and the last but one for a fine bonnet and a fine parasol; and to show these articles of finery, they walk the streets and avenues from early in the morning till dark, and often long after!!! Here is a city for you. Rich in every thing that can delight the eye, or cheer the heart. A Raphael could 19 Vol. III. 218 GEORGETOWN. mot do justice to its beauty; and see how it is cursed with vice, ignorance, and treachery. GEORGETOWN. About to take a journey through Pennsylvania, to which state (as the pious people say) I had a call, I could not, for shamesake, leave the District without calling on my friends in Georgetown and Alexandria; and after walking to Williamson's before I could get a hack, I saluted my friends there, and accepted of a nice cup of coffee and a veal cutlet, prepared by the politeness and attention of Miss W. and after refreshing myself, I took a hack to Georgetown. - As usual, though always accidental, I took the lower road, and got out of the hack at one King's store in Water street, I went in to make a little inquiry about matters, and found no one in but a young gander-looking gawk, with cat eyes, and a gallows countenance. When he dis- covered who I was he grinned, and went out. I guessed his business, which was to give the alarm, which he did, and excepting Mr. Crittenton, and one Mr. S. I was in sole possession of Water street. Oh the ungrateful imps. After Hon. F. M. and myself (no other two, perhaps, could have accomplished so great an undertaking) had worked out their salvation in the Ohio and Chesapeake canal. It is plain they were unworthy the blessing. As I was under particular obligations to the politeness of Mr. Crittenton, without ever having seen him, was much gratified to find he stood his ground, as it gave me an opportunity of paying to him that respect his merit as a gentleman deserves. Mr. C. if I am not mistaken, is a Yankee, and a most excellent man. He is a young man, and a good figure, with a fair complexion, and an in- telligent blue eye. In his manners he is extremely affa. ble and engaging, I had, however, but a moment to de- vote to him. ºpoſ: GETOWN. 219 Mr. S. (I am sorry the balance of his name became erased) was also a fine man, and he and I exulted in the lashing I gave the missionaries, though they are not strong in Georgetown. Mr. S. is young and fair, with a fine black eye, and black hair He is also a genteel man. The elder Mr Lion was not in, and the young one look- ed dissipated, with a red fringe round his eye, and his countenance flat. He was of middle size, with a fair round face, but gone beyond redemption. Messrs. Dodge, (rightly named) Goslin, Kurts, Mor- gan, Boon, Hix, and Smoot, all ran and hid like brave men—they must have been in the battle of Bladensburg. I turned up the hill and called on my old fellow-travel- er of the Sketches, Dr. L. He was quite a hog. Thence to Mr. Adams's, an old and kind friend. He walked with me to see Mr. Haman, whom every one knows. He never ran unless it was to meet you. But what I was going to remark was that Mr. Adams astonished me during our walk, by his enlightened con- versation and judicious remarks. As he was nothing but a grocer, I do not know that I was ever more astonished. The finest belles lettres seholar could not have proved more entertaining. - - The subject of conversation was the state of society and the influence of Priestcraft. He appeared perfectly aware of the aim of the clergy to work themselves into power by checking the progress of knowledge. Mr. Haman–I do not know a man except Mr. Clagget, of Alexandria, whose name is more deserving a place in the history of his country. He combines every vir- tue of the human family, and has one of the finest faces in the world. - - I met with this gentleman in Georgetown on my first visit to that town; and at a time when I stood in much need of a friend I found one in him, and have carefully treasured up his kindness in my heart. But Mr. H. is alike friendly to the whole human race. Having once forgotten his name, I enquired for the best man in George- town. “That must be Mr. Haman,” was the reply. He is one of my favorite fraternity. Mr. H. owns an ex- 220 GEORGETown. tensive brewery, and is, doubtless, ably patronised as no manis more universally beloved. He introduced me to Mr. Busard, a magistrate of Georgetown, also a very amiable man, and very politely invited me to his house and had dinner prepared for my self and friend who attended me. Mr. B. once owned the brewery now owned by Mr. Haman, but from an overwhelming misfortune by indorsing, this valuable property was sacrificed—worth some thousands of dol- lars. He lives comfortably, however, and appears to be an intelligent useful man. He is one of the managers of the Ohio and Chesapeake Canal. Mr. B. is still in possession of some of the greatest comforts of life—health and an amiable family. Mrs. B. is a very pleasant, fine woman, though Mr. B. inform- ed me she leaned a little towards the missionaries. I think, however, when she reads my book, which he bought for her, she will be cured of the evil. Mr. B. has a son, a lawyer, who is very promising and appears to be a man of talents and general information. Mr. Milligan, mentioned in my Sketches, I have never seen but once since, and I lament his confinement at this time from indisposition. - I met with my old landlady of Georgetown, at Mr. Bus- ard's. She is an aged woman, and very agreeable; but she suffers her daughter, an abominable, ill-natured, screwing old maid, to manage her house; and I told her I would. on that account, never go into her house again. She said I promised to make her a present of a book, and thinking perhaps I did so, for my word's sake, I gave her one; but no entreaty could get me to her house. I called at the bank to see if they had improved; but found them much as they were upon our first acquaintance. H also called at Dr. Worthington's, and Gen. Mason's. The younger Dr. Worthington was absent; but his father, also a physician, received me very politely, and gave some ad- vice upon the subject of the tormenting pain in my shoul- der. The younger Dr. W. is amongst the most gentlemanly and scientific men we have in the United States. I once heard him deliver a lecture to the candidates for Master of - - - - - - - - - Arts, which, for force, erudition, and beauty of diction, I never heard surpassed. He is also highly polished in his manners, and a man of very engaging appearance. He is attached to the Medical College of Washington city, and I would suspect amongst the most learned of the faculty. Mrs. Mason and the General were both indisposed. They had recently removed from the island, and were confined to their rooms: one of the daughters, however, gave me a very polite and friendly reception. But the family being in distress, and I myself in no little pain, I stayed but a few minutes. - Mr. Thomas, my bookseller, met me with a smile, but had not sold above one or two books. He is a very plea- sant, little man; and has a fine obliging youth for his clerk; but how he gets his bread is a mystery, in such an illiterate place as Georgetown. He cannot get it by selling books; that is clear. On my way to the Union Hotel, where I was to take the Alexandria stage to return to Washington, I discovered another very extensive bookstore, which, though sometime established in Georgetown, I had never seen before. It was the property of Messrs. Cruikshanks, very gen- teel, keen looking men. I was much taken with their manners and appearance; and sent them a few books to try their luck. - Taking leave of my new acquaintances, I went to the Union, where I ordered refreshment, and reposed on the sofa in the meantime. - I have often stopped at the Union Hotel in Georgetown, which is one, if not the best house in the District. But I never yet saw the proprietor. His name is Tilley. A little sprightly boy keeps the bar; and the cook, the best of his calling, always meets you at the foot of the stairs, when you are going away, to see that you pay your fare. This is very correct; and no one ever regretted paying a bill at the house. No matter what you call for, it is sent up with the greatest promptness; and cooked in the nicest manner. - - Upon coming down stairs, I was met by an old acquaint- ance and friend, Mr. Ryand of Georgetown. He was formerly the editor of a paper in Georgetown, called the Metropolitan, if I recollect, the best paper, by far, in the District; but for want of patronage, this able and talented *19 - Geolºgº.TOWN. 221 222 GEORGETOWN, man, to the disgrace of our country, had to give it up, while an ignorant and dangerous paper, the Register, in Washing- ton, is ably patronized. How richly such people deserve the curse of slavery. It will be recollected that Mr. Ryand made his editorial will, and bequeathed to me his best duelling pistols, to shoot Col. Stone of the Commercial. I never, however, received the pistols; nor were they necessary, as I shot Stone dead enough with my pen. The first time I saw Mr. R. he was quite disheartened— had let his beard grow till he was a fright, and was upon the point of quitting his ungrateful country for South Ameri- ca. I was attached to the man from his superior talents and wit, long before I had the pleasure of seeing him and grieved to think we were about to lose him perhaps for- ever. I used my influence to induce him to relinquish his intentions, whether this had any weight with him or lot, I was much pleased to find him still in the District. He was equally pleased to see me, and almost devour- ed me, and was in high sptrits. It strikes me General Green had taken him under his patronage, but in what capacity I am ignorant. He certainly is a man of genius, and possessed of much taste, wit, and independenee, as a writer, and that such a man should meet with so little in- couragement, proves the degraded state of society. He paid my fare and that of my friend to Washington. This, though a trifle, proved his generosity. ALEXANDR1A. The next day I took the stage to Alexandria, as I was dying to see Mr. Clagett. We had a beautiful ride down the Potomac, the land being level, though poor, and piny. I was accompanied by my friend, again a la- dy, who, as I was helpless, attended me, wherever I went. I always had the pleasure of finding my friend, Dr. Gun- nell in the stage, who was going to Alexandria, we like- ALEXANDRIA. 223 wise had a sick officer, and a few non-descripts, but my greatest pleasure was derived from the enlightened con- versation of Dr. Gunnell. Of course I stopped at the Union, and was pleased to find Mr. Clagett and family well. He received me with the same pleasant smile, and after exchanging a hasty sa- lute, I walked over the city. I could fill a much larger volumn with the incidents of a few hours, but the loud call for the book, will confine me to a few brief remarks. Here, as every where else, the priests have become the terror of the land These are the Episcopalians, who outgo the copper-heads, in meanstratagems, to delude silly women. Our women are more corrupt now, than in the days of Popish ignorance. They were ignorant, but vir- tuous, but I dare not say so of our women. The Turks have large seraglios, so have our Turks, the priests, and all the difference is, that the women of the Turkish se- raglios are confined in a house, and the seraglios of our Turks run at large, and cheat every one they find. These Episcopalians, however, have a seraglio somewhere near Alexandria, (as the young gentlemen of Alexandria informed me) where they manufacture pious young men for the ministry, at their leisure These young gentle- men likewise declared to me that they “had resolved to live and die batchelors, as they could not think of mar- rying any young woman, in or near Alexandria. They deserve much credit for their wisdom and taste, in spur- ning women so lost to propriety. - The young ladies of Alexandria imploy their time in working for pious young men, and have regular fares to sell the articles, not do they stop at any species of fraud, Ol' meanneSS. The other day, a young lady (not a pious one) bought an emery-bag at one of these fares. These emery bags are for sharpening needles. Finding it did not answer the purpose, she opened the bag, and found instead of emery, it was filled with ashes. Can these people believe in a God! No, they are rank atheists; But I have not time to follow them through all their wicked windings. 224 ALEXANDRIA. Though I had spent one winter in Alexandria, I made but few acquaintances, and I was not fit to appear out of my room. I had but one handkerchief in the world, and that, I was compelled to sell off my neck to redeem a letter out of the Post Office; and went without, to the ho- nor of our christians, of all sects, in fact there is no chris: tianity to be found. What was once called christianity, has become a common sewer for every abomination. There is a great deal of religion in our country, so there is amongst Turks and Hindoos But to return, the only acquaintance I made worth naming, was the amiable D. Bryan, Esq.r he is the post master of Alexandria; by which means I became acquainted with him. I have mentioned Mr. Bryan in one of these volumes, and has- tened to see him, upon my arrival in Alexandria, but to my great mortification he was absent. I had seen his beautiful Lay of Gratitude (of Gen. La- fayette) and was grieved to hear he had sold not a single copy of that elegant poem, in the District! If I had P. T. and Walsh, within grasp, at the moment, I should have torn them to pieces. Thus, America is abused and be- trayed by English booksellers. Shame on our citizens; and they would serve me the same sauce! Let them try it. America is unworthy of such a man as Bryan Leaving the post office I called on the lawyers, and the presidents, &c. of the banks. If there be any liberal- ity going, it is generally found amongst these classes of people. But soon quit the lawyers, the meanest men, in Alexandria. The first one I called on, gave measur- feit of lawyers. He was a black, tall, gangling, awk- ward looking piece of divinity. Poverty and ignorance rightly named. He is a wise man. I did find one genteel Lawyer, but unfortunately lost his name. I quit the lawyers, and went to the banks, where the first i entered, I found two very genteel men. I do not recollect the name of the bank, it was near the lawyer's office. One, a Mr Huff, received me very politely, he was cashier, a stout, good figure, prepossessing counte- macne, and full fair face. The other gentleman, doubt- less, a clerk, also behaved very politely. ALEXANDRIA. 225 At another bank I found a very amiable man; his name was McKenny, so the banks carry the day in Alexandria. His face was oval and sallow, he was of middle age and good size, and very lively and gay in his manners. I called on my old acquaintances, Messrs. Cazenove, Irving, and Peake, of the Custom House. Mr C, was absent, I found some very genteel young men in his coun- ting house; they were the most polished young gentlemen in Alexandria. Mr. Cazenove is a French gentleman, and the first merchant in Alexandria. He sells altogether by whole- sale and is highly esteemed as an upwright homest dealer. Next, if not equal in capital, is Messrs. Irvings, James Irving, esq. and a younger brother. These Irvings are people of great wealth, part of which lay in Alexandria, and part in Baltimore. These gentlemen and Mr. Robert Vaux, of Philadelphia, are the only Quakers I have ever met that deserve to be mentioned. Though I have often met shoals of them in Philadelphia. I never saw a spark of charity or humanity about them, (except as before ex- cepted) nor did I ever see vice or immorality in their ranks. They are generally ignorant and have no expres- sion of countenance. They move about like statutes. Dr. Peake of the custom-house, is a very aimable man, and one of my first acquaintances in Alexandria. Hearing Mr. T. was a great man and a great lawyer, I thought I would have something to top off my book, and so it happened—I think he was the greatest boor ſever met with in my travels. If he ever had any of the gen- tleman about him, he is certainly bankrupt now. Having a desire to see the Henglish bookseller Stew- art, I bent my course thither. I had walked but a few steps until I heard footsteps behind me, and looking round, whom should I see but a black long missionary, as guant as a grey-hound. I told him “he had met with pinching times, and that if he were wise he would betake himself to some honest calling—the plough or spade.” He gaped and wondered, passed by, turning round now and then to View me. - 226 ALEXANDRIA. Stewart has two doors to his bookstore, close together, both open into the same room, and as I approached one door, I discovered Dr. P. in the act of coming out, at the other. I saw he strove to avoid me, and turned round to the other door to dispute the point with him. When he discovered this, he aimed at the other door; I stopt him again, and thus we continued at cross points some time. At length I grew tired and entered the store, and he fled for it. My friend Stewart appeared to be as great a hog as ever, and his face actually looked as though it were about to take fire, and his eyes were like those of a dead sturgeon’s. I spent the night in Alexandria, and called the next morning to pay my respects to Lord Fairfax, a descen- dant of Lord Fairfax, the original proprietor of the soil; and though the epithet of Lord is not bestowed upon Mr. F. he is heir to the honor. I did not, however, have the pleasure of seeing him; though shortly afterwards, I met with a very accomplished young gentleman, who I under- standis to have the honor of becoming his son-in-law in a very few weeks. He solicited me to return to the house, but other engagements intervened. I called in the meantime upon the celebrated Dr. Sims and found him quite a gentleman. Dr. Sims stands at the head of the medical faculty in the District of Co- lumbia, and has an extensive practice. Having seen a friendly article or two in the Pheonix, I called to take the editor by hand, as I am partial to the corps. Mr. S. was very friendly indeed, and accepted a book which presented him as a token of respect for his calling. I sat a short time chatting with Mr. S. and amongst my ad- ventures, related that with the great lawyer, meanwhile, several men stepped in, and amongst the rest, a most abominable cox-comb, the most impudent upstart fop in the city. He swelled, and strutted, and spit, cocked his hat, looked killing, and all that, and resented my remarks upon the great lawyer, with great spirit. I asked him if he ever shot a pistol, but he did not take. I saw Mr. S. winking and shaking his head at him, but all in vain: (it was his son as I afterwards learned, intirely spoiled ALEXANDRIA. 227 by himself) he was father proof. I was told afterwards he was accounted the greatest fool in the city. Upon my return to the Union, I was introduced to a Mr. Key, of Port Tobacco, Md. a young man of aston: ishing personal beauty, a perfect Adonis; he was tall and exquisitely formed, with fair and handsome features, and an eye of clear pearly blue. His mental accomplish- ments was equal to his exterior, nor do I recollect of see- ing any one who surpassed him in either. He had been in search of me some time, as he heard I was opposed to missionaries—see there ladies how you missed it by prefering hypocritical priests. Mr. JMountford and his Museum.—I did intend to give his museum a puff, though he was too poor to patronize me (hope he will be able to do so next time) but my book is already full. - The museum of Alexandria, contains most of the curi- osities found in other museums, and a few that are not equalled by any. In the first place, there is a living Ibis, so celebrated amongst the ancients. It is very gentle and of vast size, and not exactly like any bird I have seen, as to figure. Its body however, is something like a crane, its head is very large and like nothing else; it is of grey- ish color, and some parts of it are white; its legs, and wings are of amazing length, and it makes a loud harsh noise. Mr. M. has also several live eagles, but they are chickens compared with the Ibis. - The mantle in which Gen. Washington was baptised, his masonic apron and sash, and the box in which they were brought across the Atlantic (being presented to the General by General Lafayette) also the General’s minia- ture, taken when he was a young man, and his hair, these are very interesting. The mantle is quite fresh, and new looking; it is of red sattin, lined with white silk. Also the colors taken from the British at Princeton. These are very richly embroidered, on thick sattin, by the hand of the Princess of Hessey Castle, with the ini- tials of her name, in gold. Likewise, the colors taken at York. The jaw of a whale, and a cross of singular º 228 -ITEMS. workmanship, brought, if I remember, from Italy. But as great a curiosity to me as any, was a richly embossed Turkish saddle. There is a monster, likewise a singular curiosity, it is about the size of a dog; part horse and part human, it is very well preserved, it is the offsprin ºf a mare. There are moreover, some uncommon and rare specimens of petrifactions, and upon the whole, the museum is well worth a visit from the traveller, learned or unlearned. Upon taking leave of Alexandria, I was almost devour. ed by my old and faithful friends, the domestic of the tavern. Here was George, my waiter, and Suckey, the chambermaid, the wash-woman's daughter, and the cook, he used to be a fine fellow too—I did not, however, see my favorite little girl who beguiled me of the only smile I recollect during a whole winter; upon turning round casually, one day I discovered her eating molasses with a fork. I suggested the idea of preferring a spoon, which lay near her, but she said she would rather have the fork. ITEMS OVERLOOKED IN III. WOL. An adventure at Harper's ferry, mentioned in 1st vol. of the Black book, will be recollected I have often met with the gentleman, the subject of the adventure since: his name is Copeland. It appears he has sufferered some material injury from the combination of his enemies at Harper's ferry, which obliged him to remove from that place. Whether for redress of the grievance or not, I am unable to say, but I have often met with him lately at the seat of government. It always gives me pleasure to see him, and no little pain, to find that so good and wor- thy a man, should have sustained injury, and trust that government will provide for him in some other way. Hall the rifleman, at Harper's ferry, of whom I spoke, in high terms, since his wages has been advanced, has ITEMS. 229 turned out mean like all other upstarts, who receive high wages. His conduct has been proved ungentlemanly and dishonorable. Mr. Dowling, whom I promised to bring on the stage, I have never seen, but once since; I believe, however, he continues to merrit esteem and will doubtless with en- couragement become a useful member of society. I am informed he is a handsome writer both in prose and poe- try. I have seen a specimen of his poetic talents, but not being a judge. I dare not express an opinion, nor have I room for an extract, which Ilament. I also promised the rinters a scurging. I have given it to Mr. F"s, gang pretty well, but Messrs. G. and Sº's, I believe are too far gone. My own printers have behaved very well. I must say they are entitled to credit for their sobriety and expe- dition. And as for Gen. Green, he always had a gentle- manly set of printers, though I have heard his work cen- sured. It is also due to Gen. Green, to say (though I dislike his long black coat) that the young women attach- ed to his office, are by far the most interesting girls have ever seen in Washington. Though I never spoke to one of them. My own girls (the Miss G–s) al- ways excepted. I also omitted in its proper place, Mr. R. S. Briscoe, who writes in judge Anderson's office: finding his place empty, I asked Lieut. Webster, (who writes in the same room) “who occupied that place?” he replied, “Mr. Bris- coe.” My next question, “Is he a copperhead or not?” Mr. W. said “he believed he did lean a little.” But Mr. B's room, his table, his papers and every thing was in complete order, and Mr. W. whom I believe would not tell a falsehood, spoke of him in high terms - I have just this moment been informed that secretary Lowrie has abjured the copperheads, if true, I am his friend; but he must turn out Machin. And last, though not least, Gen. Porter, the new sec- retary at war. I waited on him when he first arrived in Washington, to inquire for Mrs. Porter, an old ac uaintance of mine. The General I had never seen be ore. I had heard he was as deaf as a post, and was as- 20 Vol. III. 230 MR. Johnston's REpoRT. tonished to find the report false. He is a stout middle aged man, of very gentlemanly address. I deeply regret his removal, as it will deprive me of the pleasure of Mrs. P’s company, of whom fame speaks very loud. I under- stand she is now in the city, at the head of the ton. I ought to have given my friends Judge Daggett and Nathan Smith another puff. I am told they (“good sound Presbyterians”) stopped the sale of my books in New- Haven. Good!—they had no struggle there it appears. The people will take the hint and cease to send their sons where two such tyrants reign. They are, I am told, the model of “Goff & Whally.” The Rev. Mr. Keily has resigned the academy at Washington, to Rev. Mr. Hews's care, who is now the Principal and a very worthy man. JNote,”--I promised a copy of Mr. Littell's account and Hon. R.M: Johnston's report; to which I have added a paper attached to a peti- tion to Congress to stop the mail on Sunday; which gave private in- structions how to fill said petitions, &c. and which some bungling fel- low neglected to tear off and keep secret. Also an extract of a letter to a member of Congress, all of which need no comment. It shewsº what the nature of the “great struggle” is. I have not room for Mr. Littell's account, but the substance of it is as follows: He, after promising to do every thing in his power for me, without charging commissions, out of 100 books, sold one, charged 43 cents commission, and $500 for advertising: - Mr. Johnson, of Kentucky, made the following Report, in the Senn ate of the United States: --- “The Committee to whom was referred the several petitions on the subject of mails on the Sabbath, or the first day of the week," *REPORT: - “That some respite is required from the ordinary vocations of life, is an established principle, sanctioned by the usages of all nations, wheth- er Christianor Pagan. One day in seven has also been determined upon- as the proportion of time; and in conformity with the wishes of theº great majority of citizens of this country, the first day of the week, commonly called Sunday, has been set apart to that object. The prin- ciple has received the sanction of the national legislature, so far as to admit a suspension of all public business on that day, except in cases of absolute necessity, or of great public utility, a This principle, then committee would not wish to disturb. If kept within its legitimate- sphere of action, no injury can result from its observance. Itshould however, be kept in mind, that the proper object of government is, to protect all persons in *ºnent of their religious, as well as MR. Johnston’s REpoRT. 231 civil rights; and not to determine for any, whether they shall esteem one day above another, or esteem all days alike holy. “we are aware, that a variety of sentiment exists among the good citizens of this nation, on the subject of the Sabbath day; and our government is designed for the protection of one, as much as for an: other. The Jews, who, in this country, are as free as Christians, and entitled to the same protection from the laws, derive their obligation to keep the Sabbath day from the fourth commandment of their deca- logue, and in conformity with that injunction, pay religious homage to the seventh day of the week, which we call Saturday. One denom- ination of Christians among us, justly celebrated for their piety, and certainly as good citizens as any other class, agree with the Jews in the moral obligation of the Sabbath, and observe the same day. There are also many Christians among us, who derive not their obligation to observe the Sabbath from the decalogue, but regard the Jewish Sab- bath as abrogated. From the example of the apostles of Christ, they have chosen the first day of the week, instead of that day set apart in the decalogue, for their religious devotions. These have generally regarded the observance of the day as a devotional exercise, and would not more readily enforce it upon others, than they would en- force secret prayer or devout meditations. Urging the fact that neith- er their Lord nor his disciples, though often censured by their accusers for a violation of the Sabbath, ever enjoined its observance, they re- gard it as a subject on which every person should be fully persuaded in his own mind, and not coerce others to act upon his persuasion. Many Christians again differ from these, professing to derive their ob- ligation to observe the Sabbath from the fourth commandment of the Jewish decalogue, and bring the example of the apostles, who appear to have held their public meetings for worship on the first day of the week, as authority for so far changing the decalogue, as to substitute that day for the seventh. The Jewish government was a theocracy, which enforced religious observances; and though the committee would hope that no portion of the citizens of our country could willingly in- treduce a system of religious coercion in our civil institutions, the ex- ample of other nations should admonish us to watch carefully against its earliest indication. With these different religious views, the committee are of opinion that Congress cannot interfere. It is not the legitimate province of the legislature to determine what religion is true, or what false. Our government is a civil, and not a religious institution. Our constitution recognizes in every person, the right to choose his own religion, and to enjoy it freely, without molestation. Whatever may be the religi- ous sentiments of citizens, and however variant, they are alike enti- tled to protection from the government, so long as they do not invade the rights of others. The transportation of the mail on the first day of the week, it is be- lieved, does not interfere with the rights of conscience. The peti- tioners for its discontinuance appear to be actuated by a religious zeal, which may be commendable if confined to its proper sphere; but they assume a position better suited to an ecclesiastical than to a civil in- stitution. They appear, in many instances, to lay it down as an axi- pm, that the practice is a violation of the law of God. Should Con- 232 MR. Johnston's REpoRºp. gress, in their legislative capacity, adopt the sentiment, it would es- tablish the principle, that the legislature is a proper tribunal to deter. mine what are the laws of God. It would involve a legislative deci- sion in a religious controversy; and on a point in which good citizens may honestly differ in opinion, without disturbing the peace of socie. iy, or endangering its liberties. If this principle is once introduced, it will be impossible to define its bounds. Among all the religious per- secutions with which almost every page of modern history is stained, no victim ever suffered, but for the violation of what government de- nominated the law of God. To prevent a similar train of evils in this country, the constitution has wisely withheld from our government the power of defining the divine law. It is a right reserved to each citizen; and while he resects the equal rights of others, he cannot be held amenable tº any human tribunal for his conclusions. Extensive religious combinations, to effect a political object, are, in the opinion of the committee, always dangerous. This first effort of the kind, calls for the establishment of a principle, which, in the opinion of the committee, would lay the foundation for dangerous in- novations upon the spirit of the constitution, and upon the religious rights of the citizens. It admitted, it may be justly apprehended, that the future measures of government will be strongly marked, if not eventually controlled, by the same influence. All religious despotism commences by combination and influence; and when that influence begins to operate upon the political institutions of a country, the civil power soon bends under it; and the catastrophe of other nations fur- mishes an awful warning of the consequence Under the present regulations of the post office department, the rights of conscience are not invaded. Every agent enters voluntarily, and it is presumed conscientiously, into the discharge of his duties, without intermeddling with the conscience of another. Post offices are so regulated, as that but a small proportion of the first day of the week is required to be occupied in official business. In the transport- ation of the mail on that day, no one agent is employed many hours. Religious persons enter into the business without violating their own consciences, or imposing any restraints upon others. Passengers in the mail stages are free to rest during the first day of the week, or to pursue their journeys at their own pleasure. While the mail s trans- ported on Saturday, the Jew and the Sabbatarian may abstain from any agency in carrying it, from conscientious scruples While it is transported on the first day of the week, another class may abstain, from the same religious scruples. The obligation of government is the same to both of these classes; and the committee can discover no principle on which the claims of one should be more respected than ihose of the other, unless it should be admitted that the consciences of the minority are less sacred than those of the majority. It is the opinion of the committee, that the subject should be re: garded simply as a question of expediencey, irrespective of its religi- ous bearing. In this light it has hitherto been considered Congress have never legislated upon the subject. It rests, as it ever has done, in the legal discretion of the Postmaster General, under the repeated refusals of Congress to discontinue the Sabbath mails. His knowledge and judgment in all the concerns of that department, will not be ques- MR. Johnston’s REpoRt. 233 tioned. His intense labors and assiduity have resulted in the highest improvement of every branch of his department. It is practised only on the great leading mail routes, and such others as are necessary to maintain their connexions. To prevent this, would, in the opinion of the committee, be productive of immense injury, both in its commer- cial, political, and in its moral bearings. - The various departments of government require, frequently in peace, always in war, the speediest intercourse with the remotest parts of the country; and one important object of the mail establish- ment is, to furnish the greatest and most economical facilities for such intercourse. The delay of the mails one whole day in seven, would require the employment of special expresses, at great expense, and sometimes with great uncertainty. The commercial, manufacturing, and agricultural interests of our country are so intimately connected, as to require a constant and the most expeditious correspondence betwixt all our sea-ports, and be- twixt them and the most interior settlements. The delay of the mails during the Sunday, would give occasion to the employment of pri- wate expresses, to such an amount, that probably ten riders would be employed where one mail stage is now running on that day; thus di- verting the revenue of that department into another channel, and sinking the establishment into a state of pusillanimity incompatible with the dignity of the government of which it is a department. Passengers in the mail stages, if the mails are not permitted to pro- ceed on Sunday, will be expected to spend that day at a tavern upon the road, generally under circumstances not friendly to devotion, and at an expense which many are but poorly able to encounter. To ob- viate these difficulties, many will employ extra carriages for their con- veyance, and become the bearers of correspondence, as more expedi- tious than the mail. The stage proprietors will themselves often fur- nish the travellers with thºse means of conveyance; so that the effect will ultimately be only to stop the mail, while the vehicle which con- veys it will continue, and its passengers become the special messen- gers for conveying a considerable proportion of what would other- wise constitute the contents of the mail. - Nor can the committee discover where the system could consistently end. If the observance of a holyday becomes incorporated in our institutions, shall we not forbid the movement of an army; prohibit an assault in time of war; and lay an injunction upon our naval offi- cers to lie in the wind while upon the ocean on that day? Consisten- cy would seem to require it. Nor is it certain that we should stop here. If the principle is once established, that religion, or religious observances, shall be interwoven with our legislative acts, we must pursue it to its ultimatum. We shall, if consistent, provide for the erection of edifices for the worship of the Creator, and for the sup- port of Christian ministers, if we believe that such measures will pro- mote the interests of Christianity. It is the settled conviction of the committee, that the only method of avoiding these consequences, with their attendant train of evils, is to adhere strictly to the spirit of the constitution, which regards the general government in no other light than that of a civil institution, wholly destitute of religious authority. 20*. 234 COPY OF INSTRCTIONs. What other nations call religious toleration, we call religious rights. They are not exercised in virtue of governmental indulgence, but as rights, of which government cannot deprive any portion of citizenso however small. Despotic power may invade those rights, but justice, still confirms them, Let the national legislature once perform an act which involves the decision of a religious controversy, and it will have passed its legitimate bounds. The precedent will then be established, and the foundation laid for that usurpation of the Divine prerogative in this country, which has been the desolating scourge to the fairest portions of the old world. Our constitution recognizes no other power than that of persuasion, for enforcing religious observan- ces. Let the prºfessors of Christianity recommend their religion by deeds of benevolence—by Christian meekness—by lives of temper- ance and holiness. Let them combine their efforts to instruct the ig- norant—to relieve the widow and the orphan—to promulgate to the world the gospel of their Saviour, recommending its precepts by their habitual example, government will find its legitimate object in pro- tecting them. It cannot oppose them, and they will not need its aid, Their moral influence will then do infinitely more to advance the true interests of religion, than any measures which they may call on Con- gress to enact. - - The petitioners do not complain of any infringement upon their own rights. They enjoy all that Christians ought to ask at the hand of any government—protection from all molestation in the exercise of their religious sentiments. Resolved, That the committee be discharged from the further con- sideration of the subject. Copy of instructions from the Sabbath committee in Albany, annexed - to a petition to Congress to stop the mail on the Sabbath: “Albany Sabbath Committee Room, Monday, 1st Dec. 1829. *DEAR Sin: “By the annexed form of subscription you will see what we are doing: Our hopes are strong. “1. Please fill up the petition, (or make one you like better.) with the name of every man in your place. “2. Get similar petitions forwarded from every part of your county. See your members of Congress. “3. Write private letters, urging your members to take hold of the matter in earnest, because the people call for it. 44. All should be at Washington as soon as the 10th December, if possible: 20th to 25th may do for part. Do not disappoint us; but come up in earnest to this matter. *If you cannot attend to No. 1 and 2, immediately, will you hand it to some one who will? - “By order of the Committee.” 235 EXTRACT or A LETTER, Extract of A LETTER to A MEMBER or Congress. “Last evening a gentleman called on me to procure my signature to a petition to Congress, to stop the transporta- tion of the mail on the Sabbath. The petition stated pos- itively, that there is no necessity for transporting the mail on that day, with many other things of like equivocalim- port. From the dogmatic style of the petition, I was sat- isfied that it was an orthodox production. The same gen- tleman told me that the measure originated in the state of New York; that they had sent to this town to join them in petitioning; and that they were sending to all parts of the United States, to make a simultaneous effort to effect their object. - “This led me to think that we are not in so much dan- ger from civil or military chieftains, as from the vast cler- ical colossus which bestrides our land, with its missionaries and travelling agents, its societies of almost every name and description, which by their various ramifications, are connected with almost every family in the United States. –And especially the societies now forming to withdraw all their business and patronage from those who will not sub- mit to their dictation. Their likeness has been drawn by St. John in the Apocalypse, with surprizing correctness. To these must be added its princely establishments in our most important cities; its revenue, which now almost equals that of some nations, and is constantly increasing; its con- trol of our universities, colleges, and academies; and last, though not least, the presses, many of them in its employ- ment and most of the others afraid to attack that hornets? nest. When I consider that this tremendous machinery is made to centre in one point, and is moved by one spring, I fear that the time is not far distant, when no man who will not receive the mark of the beast, can be elected into any office. But I have faith that we shall yet be saved from the all-devouring jaws of this terrible monster in sheep's cloth- ing. I find, that in some places, they are taking measures to counteract this wide spreading contagion. “I hope that you and our other wise men in Congress will take this into consideration with the petitions.” - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- - - 3/00/ rºyal ºne ºf ºu. |32% ºf Ko V. 3, -