vere te . .... I OFL. ORNL P. 1513 : v ? 1 . · j EEEFE EFE 엘에 ​11.25 1.1.4 1.1.6 wy MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART NATIONAL BUREAU OF STANDARDS -1963 . ORNUD 1512 Conf. 650512-8 996191893 MASTERP DCX-2 SCANNING ENERGY SPECTROMETER* J. S. Culver Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge, Tennessee In the DCX-2 machine the injected 600 kev Ha* ion beam is introduced 9 in. off axis and at an angle of 7° from the vertical as shown in Fig. 1. The resulting path of the molecular ions is helical as is the trapped pro- ton plasma resulting from dissociation in the lithium arc. The path of the particles reflected by the mirror field retains the original radius and pitch angle, but the orbit has precessed by a few degrees. After passing down the length oť the machine and back, the molecular beam is dumped on the injection snout. Also, al? protons whose orbits extend beyond the inner surface of the injection snout will be wiped off as indicated in Fig. 2. Because of the helical path of the injected and trapped particles in the machine it is desirable to be able to observe the angular distribution of these particles and their radial position. To accomplish this, a scanning version of an existing collimated energy spectrometer was constructed. . .. . . .. * . RELEASED FOR ANROURI BERT IN HUCL.BAR SCIENCE ABSTRACTS .: ::! The essential parts of the spectrometer are shown schematically in Fig. 3. The collimating system currently being used consists of a 5 u slit and a 20 w round aperture arranged to admit a fan-shaped beam of particles 0.1° spola wide and 60° high. In addition to providing good resolution of the angular and radial distribution of particles in the machine, the collimator atten- uates the neutral beam to a counting rate compatible with the speed of :: available electronics. "Research sponsored by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commission under contract with the Union Carbide Corporation. ' * . L . P The neutral particles resulting from dissociation or charge exchange impinge on a silicon barrier detector which produces pulses proportional to the energy of the incident particle, providing both an energy spectrum and a count rate. To observe radial distribution, the slit is positioned parallel to the axis of the machine and the scanning mechanism then rotates in a vertical plane. If it is desired to observe angular distribution, the entire probe is rotated in its seal until the slit is perpendicular to the machine axis. :) By means of the motor drive and readout helipot geared to the scanning head, it is possible to read angular position to about 0.1º. Figure 4 shows a front view of the probe with the slit and axis of rutation horizontal. The cylindrical member houses both the collimating system and detector, providing an isolation seal between high and low : vacuum systems as well. Figure 5 shows the rack and pinion drive mechanism and the coaxial signal lead which is insulated from ground by the ceramic bushing. ' In Fig. 6 one can see the drive mechanism and readout helipot. . :. :.. The horizontal bar clamped to the probe shaft is set perpendicular to the slit allowing it to be positioned in the machine by means of a level. ... .... In addition to the mechanical flexibility built into the probe, the output signal can be treated in several ways to expand the data obtained. The block diagram in Fig. 7 shows the instrumentation presently in use. The usual scan involves one sweep of about two minutes duration across the region of interest, recording count rate vs angular position on the X-Y recorder and simultaneous storage of the energy spectrum in the multichannel analyzer. By adjusting the single channel analyzer ahead of the X-Y recorder, . . . 2 , it is possible to look at a limited energy range and plot out angular dis- tribution or radial position for that energy range. Since it is possible to stop the scanner at any position, an energy spectrum is frequently taken at some point of special interest such as the injected beam only, or trapped plasma with no axial velocity, etc. Figures 8, 9, and 10 are typical traces obtained on the X-Y recorder with the spectrometer. Figure 8 was obtained with the slit perpendicular to the machine axis and represents the count rate vs pitch angle of ejected charge-exchange "neutrals of all energies. The side lobes are from those trapped particles which have the characteristic pitch angle of the injected beam. An energy spectrum shows these to be principally 300 kev protons as might be expected. The high central peak is of particular interest because . it contains high-energy neutrals with little or no axial velocity. The :: mechanism which produces these particles is not well understood; however, the particles are almost always present and have energies as high as 2 Mev. To further explore this phenomenon, a series of scans were run at several energies with a limited energy range. The results shown in Fig. 9 show an interesting family of curves which indicates that the high energy particles are indeed in the central peak. .. . . ......... · * Figure 10 is a typical scan obtained with the slit parallel to the machine axis, giving the radial distribution of orbiting particles in the plasma volume. This particular scan was obtaines using only a limited energy range at about 200 kev which produced the accentuated 1st peaks. The double peaks for 12 and 13* are the result of the precession of the reflected molecular con beams. The large peak near the center of the ma- chine represents dissociation neutrals from the lithium arc. T : . . * 2. he . . . 1 . Since the high central peak in Fig. 8 18 of particular interest, an .. .. ..... accessory has been added to the probe as shown in Fig. 11. A plate has been added containing a 6° bar and a 6° slit, either of which can be posi- tioned in the exact center of the probe. With this device one can make a scan similar to Fig. 10 looking only at the central peak (ilit in position) . or, with the bar centered, the central peak 1e blocked out and the resulting trace represents all other neutrals. Although the scanning spectrometer described in this paper is specifi- cally designed for machines having the unique properties of DCX-2 or OGRA, It is hoped that it might suggest some possibilities for plasma diagnostics in other CTR installations. ,; ; ----- .. .! . . . . 11 . : - * 1. IC :-, . . FIGURE CAPTIONS Fig. No. Title Identilication ORNL-Dwg-48280 ORNL-Dwg-64-257 ORNL-Dwg-65-4577 ORNL-Photo-72048 .- . - - The DCX-2 Machine (Schematic) Section thru DCX-2 Showing Ion Orbits DCX-2 Scanning Energy Spectrometer (Schematic) Spectrometer Scanning Head (Front View) Spectrometer Scanning Head (Side View) Spectrometer Assembly Energy Spectrometer Instrumentation Typical Vertical suit Scan of Count Rate V8 Angle ORNL-Photo-72046 5 boran ORNL-Photo-72047 ORNL-Dog-65-4576 ORNL-Dwg-64-11751 ORNL-Dwg-64-6665 Angular Distribution of Neutrals Seen From Midplane of DCX-2 at Different Energies Typical Horizontal Slit Scan of Count Rate Vs Angle ORNL-Dwg-64-11748 . : Spectrometer Head with Attachment for Studying High-Energy Particles with Small Axial Velocity : ORNL-Photo-72045 in :. LY1 . + . . . . . F . 1 . . . ' - Onu un owo atero ! * . 1 M 4 LEGEND : JAAAAAA O ION SOURCE ACCELERATOR TUBE ☺ MAGNETIC LENS · MOLECULAR ION BEAM TRAPPED PLASMA O MAGNETICALLY SHIELDED INJECTOR MAGNETIC FIELD COILS O VACUUM ARC O VACUUM PUMPS reure lloguer OCX-2 - The DEX-2 Machine (Schematic) Fig. 1 - - -- . moramo ORNL-DWG 64-257 -36-in.-ID LINER * INJECTOR | "SNOUT" 600-kev Hot ION ORBIT, 10-in. diam 4 in. -POSITION OF ARC LIMIT OF PROTON ORBITS TANGENT TO INJECTOR (11-in. diam) -5/8-in. x 10-4 SLIT 0.003-in. HOLE SILICON BARRIER - DETECTOR Fig. 2 Section thru DCX-2 Showing Ion Orbits ' . : . ANGULAR POSITION .READOUT HELIPOT – 3/8-16 SCREW COAX SIGNAL LEAD- 20 U ROUND APERTURE CVARIABLE SPEED REVERSIBLE DRIVE MOTOR -SILICON BARRIER DETECTOR . 2 DCX-2 SCANNING ENERGY SPECTROMETER . - :-* . Fig. 3 1. - : .. 25 :: . 1 + A . win - PT • www10. 16a n *Playi . , . . r: SO . - . 2 15. US * S . en .... لیتی . . : . : 1 S :::::: . NE Y TFT . . .. . 1. . ' 1 . NT. N L . :::::: . :: . . . .: • . 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