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MICROCOPY RESOLUTION TEST CHART
NATIONAL QUREAU OF STANDARDS - 1963

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LEGAL NOTICE
This report was prepared as an account of
Government sponsored work. Neither the
United States, nor the Commission, nor any
person acting on behalf of the Commission:
A. Makes any warranty or representa-
tion, expressed or implied, with respect to
the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness
of the Information contained in this report,
or that the use of any information, appa-
ratus, method, or process disclosed in this
report may not infringe privately owned
rights; or
B. Assumes any llabilities with respect
to the use of, or for damages resulting from
the use of any information, apparatus,
method, or process disclosed in this report.
As used in the above, person acting on
behalf of the Commission" includes any em-
ployee or contractor of the Commission, or
employee of such contractor, to the extent
that such employee or contractor of the
Commission, or employee of such contractor
prepares, disseminates, or provides access
to any information pursuant to his employ-
ment or contract with the Commission, or
his employment with such contractor."
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ORNA-P-1527

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CONF-651101-9
SEP 16 1955
THE THORIUM-URANIUM RECYCLE FACILITY
A. R. Irvine, A. L. Lotts, A. R. Olsen
MASTER
ABSTRACT
.,
The Thorium-Uranium Recycle Facility provides sufficient space and
other facilities for the simultaneous testing and demonstration of two ..
processes for the remote processing of fuel elements, fuel reconstitution,
and refabrication into fue). assemblies. Process equipment will be located
in two lerge remotely maintained cells, and two smaller directly main-
tained cells. An unshielded cell and a shielded service cell with a
special remote crane and manipulator system are provided to achieve easy
.
KELEASED FOK ANNOPNICEERT
IN NUCLEAR SCIENCE AESTRACTS
removal and installation of remotely maintained equipment. Special pro-
visions have been made for future conversion of these cells to inert at-
mosphere, for replacement of the viewing window gas seal plates, and for
extinguishing cell fires.
INTRODUCTION
The Thorium-Uranium Recycle Facility (TURF) is being constructed at
Oak Ridge National Laboratory to aid in the development and demoastration
of economic remote methods for reprocessing irradiated thorium based fuels
and refabricating the fertile and fissionable material into fuel elements
suitable for reuse in a power reactor. The methods to be developed in
this facility are those involving remote handling, which will include those
processes yielding minimal to intermediate decontamination. Previous work
at ORNL in the Kilorod facility+,2 has demonstrated the potential for such
fabrication techniques on metal cled bulk (Th-U)0, sol-gel?derived fuels
under semi-remote conditions.

A
entre
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.
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The attractiveness of remote fabrication for thorium based fuels
stems in part from the radioactivity of 2320 and its decay daughters
which are always present to some degree in Irradiated thorium. The ef-
Pects of 2320 so the fissile product from Irradiated thorium can be
minimized by highly decontaminating the uranium just prior to fabrication,
in which case direct fabrication techniques may be employed." However,
this method is limited to the fabrication of fuel having relatively low
2980 content, and by the necessity to store the recycle thorium for a
period of ten to fifteen years prior to its return to the fuel cycle.
On the other hang, use of shielded remote fabrication methods will permit
the use of simplified reprocessing methods yielding only modest decon-
OD
-
tamination factors, and will allow the thorium to be recycled immediately.
The TURF is designed for use in the development of a wide variety of
processes for the several fuel types using the thorium cycle. It is in-
tended to be useful over a long period with sufficient space to accomodate
the equipment for processing and fabricating two diverse fuel assemblies
simultaneously. Sufficient shielding is provided to protect personnel from
radiation emanating from fuel assemblies which have been irradiated to the
levels now anticipated in power reactors. While the equipment which can be
installed in TURF may not be of full production size, it can be of adequate
size, and sufficiently production-like in design, to allow collection of
meaningful data relative to the economic feasibility of the various thorium
fuel cycles.
The facility conceptual design was discussed earlier.'
i. This paper contains a general description of TURF, which is now under
construction, and discusses in some detail certain of the more unusual features.
5

GENERAL DESCRIPTION
-.-
The building is a three story concrete block structure with partial
basement. Figures 1, 2, and 3 show the layout and major dimensions of the
three floors. The customary services and operating spaces are provideå
plus some additional features. Of interest among these features are an .
enclosed receiving area for incoming equipment and casks, a fuel storage
basin at the first floor level, and a 50-ton building crane which can carry
heavy loads from the receiving area to any point on the top of the cell
bank as well as to the fuel storage basin. Most of the building is to be
maintained at subatmospheric pressure in order that it may serve as a con-
finement barrier in the event of accidental release of radioactivity out-
side the cells.
The cell bank consists of four heavily shielded (5-1/2 it normal con-
crete) process cells, two shielded service cells, and an unshielded cell
and air lock showa in Fig. 4. The design of the individual process cell
-*******
was determined by the nature of the operation to be performed therein.
wherein only partial confinement of radioactive materials is attainable are
planned for Cells C and D. These mechanical operations will include those
which are incident to fuel reprocessing plus those which are required for
fuel reconstitution and fuel element fabrication. Cell E will be used for
fuel element fabrication and assembly operations which are subsequent to
encapsulation of the fuel lato tubes or other containment devices and re-
moval of surface contamination forom that device. The four process cells are
arranged in a line and have a common width of 20 ft. Cells E and G are

Fig. 1 - First Floor Plan, A. R. Irvine - TURF
ORNL.LR.OWG 7264RIA
160-0
.
ELEV
CELL
A-
. AIR JE
FLOCK
RECEIVING AREA
HPI
ME
AIR
COMPRESSOR
ROSM
CON
FUEL:
STORAGE
BASIN
OFFICE
HOT
CHANGE ROOM
-EXE- CELL B
--
24-0,X 16-0
CELL OPERATING
AREA
CELL F
· BELOW
SHIELDING
DOORS
CELL OPERATING AREA
REMOVABLE WALL ABOVE:7
HATCH
Yung
om
С ХХ
101 - 0
CELL E
-0 x 20-0
CELL D
41-0 * 20-0
CELL C
33.0 x 20-0
CELL G
16.0 x 20-0
INICI:
Chhath
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.
)
2
.
ORMAL CONCRETE
.
ALL DIMENSIONS
IN FEET
CELL OPERATING AREA
Ц
COLD
CHANGE ROOM
OFFICES
HOFFICES
"


.
Fig. 2 - Second Floor Plan, A. R. Irvine - TURF
ORNL DWG. 64-3334 RI
MAINTENANCE
OPERATING
AREA
ELEV.
CELL
CHECKING & HOLDING
AREA
i
WARM SHOP
LO
CASK).
DECON|||
AREA |
SAMPLING AREA
t
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CELL *8*
DEVELOPMENT
LABORATORY
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.
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CHEMICAL
MAKEUP
ROOM
CELL "E"
CELL "D"
CELL "C"
CELL "6"
.
.
ST
..
mik
N
St.
.
.
2.
ha
ELECTRICAL
EQUIP
AREA
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT AREA
181'.8"
-.
.
.
-
-
-
-
-
YH
LE: - :
.
. -
-
--
- --
--.
--...
E-
Fig. 3,- Third Floor Plan, A. R. Irvine - TURF
!
",
ORNL DWG. 64-3335 RI
ELEV.
OPEN
OPEN
EQUIP
PLATFORM
77-2"
les

EQUIP/
PLATFORM
DOOR WELLS
-
T
(SOLID SAMPLER
C SOUD
SAMPLER
TOO
...............
ROOF PLUG
MOCK-UP AREA
-
126'-0"_
*
3_
10

Fig. 4 - Cell Barik, A. R. Irvine - TURF
ORNL-OWG 64-560SRI
Poonga
- CELL G
000000
Oudor
CELL
071
US
-BENT TUBES
PIPES
PO X CELL E
poco
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PLU
AIR
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00000
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CELL B
rindu
AIR LOCK
- CELL A
*
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.
"
8
each 16 ft. long by 30 ft. high. Cells C and D have a common height of
24 ft. and lengths of 33 ft. and 42 ft., respectively. Cell B is to
provide a radiation lock for larger items which are being taken into or
removed from Cells C and D and space for decontamination of equipment.
Another shielied service area, Cell F, is located in the basement area,
in part below Cell B; access is provided to cell F by a hatch in the floor
of Cell B. Cell F is to be used for storage of equipment. Of the shielded
cells, all have stainless steel liners except Cells E ard F. Cell A, which
is unshielded, will be used for gloved and contact maintenance of equip- ·
ment which has been partially decontaminated. The air lock will allow
transfer of moderately large items into and from cell A without
violating the confinement barrier.
Identical services generally are provided at 8-ft: intervals around
the perimeter. Among these services are a viewing window or a plugged
opening into which a viewing window can later be installed, master-slave
manipulator sleeves, ten four-inch diameter bent sleeves and three 6" x 8"
diameter stepped sleeves through which services can be brought to the process
equipment, five one-inch pipes which can be used to bring in fluids, radio-
active waste drains, and two iodine quartz lamps. Other services which are
provided, but not at 8-ft. intervals, are sleeves for future installation
of periscopes, a small items entry tube, and a preumatically operated solid
sample removal device. Service penetration design remains basically un-
changed from conceptual design.
· Maintenance generally will be by remote methods in all the shiệided cells
except cells E and G. Cell G'can be made common with Cell C by removing a
portion of the wall between the two cells, at which time it will convert to
remote maintenance. Some personnel access for maintenance will. . ...
.
.
.
. .
be possible in Cells B and F because of the intermittent and lower levels
of radioactivity in these two areas.
Access to the cells is attainable by a number of means. Access to
Cells C and D for large equipment items is through the air lock, into Cell
A, and thence through Cell B. A fifty-ton-capacity motorized transfer dolly
system is provided to carry heavy objects from the air lock into Cell B.
Plugged holes, for future installation of transfer ports are provided in
the ceilings of Cells C, D, and G, in an external wall of Cell B, and in
the dividing walls between Cells C and G, C and D, and D and E. An ad-
ditional large shielded opening between Cells D and E is provided for future
installation of a mechanism for transfer and cleaning of two different types
of fuel elements simultaneously. The opening is designed for vertical trans-
fer of rods up to ten feet in length. One or more entry points for small
devices is provided for each shielded process cell. Preumatically ac-
tuated transfer devices are provided for cells C, D, and E. Access for
installation and maintenance of large equipment items in Cells E and G
is by means of a roof plug. Roof plugs are also provided for cells C
and D for use in installing very large equipment.
SPECIAL FEATURES
Cell Ventilation and Confinement of Radioactivity
.
Ventilation of all cells is by air drawn from the occupied areas of
the building through "absolute" filters and thence through the cells on a
once-through basis. In addition to the "absolute" filters on the cell air
inlet, specially designed check valves are provided to prevent backflow of
LU
-10-
gas from the cells to the occupied areas in the event of an accident
resulting in an increase in cell pressure. The air leaving the cells
18 filtered at the point of exit by "dry" type filters having a 0.3
micron DOP efficiency of 95% and sufficient strongth to resist ailforen-
tial pressures up to approximately 15 inches of water without failure,
although the normal operating differential pressure will be of the order
of one lach of water. After leaving the cell area the air will be fill-
tered by two banks of "absolute' fllters in series and then released to the
atmosphere from a tall stack.
Although all the cells will operate initially with an air atmosphere,
provisions are made for future addition of an inert gas cleanup and cooling
system for all cells except Cell E. Seals on cell openings are all designed
for minimum leakage, for reasons of confinement of radioactivity as
well as to provide for future inert atmosphere operation.
In-Ce!. Crane and Manipulator Systems
The remote maintenance philosophy for Cells C and D depends entirely
upon an in-cell crane system and an electro-mechanical manipulator system
which operate in Cells A, B, C, and D. The crane system consists of two
bridges having a net load capacity of 10 tons, two single-speed 5-ton capacity
hoists, and such other bridges, traction units, etc., as are necessary to
move a crane bridge or hoist from Cell A into Cells B, C, and D and to re-
turn it without the necessity for personnel entry into the process cells,
even in the event of equipment failure as all moving parts of the crane sys-
tem located in Cells C and D are remotely removable and replaceable. Fig. 5
18 an isometric sketch of the major components of the in-cell crane system
-
.
F
NS
-
-
-
Fig. 5 - In-Cell Crane System, A. R. Irvine - TÜRF
ORNL-DWG 66-3763 , A
,
CRANE BRIDGE
-. CRANE RUNWAY
- FIXED MONORAIL
TRANSFER TROLLEY .
*VERTICAL LIFT
1. DOOR (REF.). –
ELLC
FIXED MONORAIL
TRANSFER TROLLEY
CRANE BRIDGE
ELEVATING MECHANISM —
TRANSFER
DOUBLE GIRDER BRIDGE
UNIT
ELÈCT. CRANE HOIST
tWITH... TROLLEY
CRANE RUNWAY
TRANSFER BRIDGE
CELID
VU
FIXED MONORAIL WITH
REMOVABLE SECTION -
FIXED ROLLER SUPPORT
.
WW.
STRUP
W

TRACTION UNIT
(RETRIEVER)
IB
1
SHUTTLE DEVICE
TRACTION UNIT +
(RETRIEVER)
HATCH ACCESS TO
CELL "F"
71
- SLIDING DOOR
(REF.)
ELECTRIC CRANE HOIST
WITH TROLLEY .
VN
WW
T
.

'
*...-
59.
=
-
i inom sp
.
E
-12-
which operates in Cells A, B, C, and D. Under normal circumstances, one
crane bridge with hoist will be located in Cell C and another in Cell D.
To understand the functions of the system, let us assume that it 18 de-
sired to bring an object from Cell D into cell A: (1) The object 18 picked
up by the hoist and the crane bridge and traversed to a point where it 18
centered in front of the door between Cells B and D; (2) the door bet reen
these two cells is then opened and the transfer bridge translated such
that it butts against ard mates with the crane bridge; (3) the crane hoist
1.6 actuated to move from the bridge in Cell D on to the transfer bridge;
(4) the transfer bridge is translated such that no part of the bridge is in
the door opening between Cells B and D and the door closed; (5) the sliding
door between Cells A and B is opened and the transfer bridge mated with the
fixed monorail in Cell A; and (6) the crane hoist is powered to run into
Cell A. The crane bridges in Cells C and D are so arranged that, by means
of a fixed monorail and a transfer trolley, they can be removed into Cell
B and thence into Cell A. This is accomplished by raising and translating
the transfer bridge to mate with a fixed rail in Cell C or D, and by using a
traction unit normally stored in Cell A to pull the crane bridge and transfer
trolley onto the bridge in Cell B and thence into Cell A.
Electrification of the hoist on the bridges and on the fixed monorail
in Cell A is by means of electric trolley pickups of a special design. The
transfer bridge in Cell B obtains its power by means of a pendant cable
whereas the bridges in Cells C and D get their power from a cable reel
mounted on üne bridge and remotely plugged into a receptacle on the wall of
the appropriate cell. The bridges are designed to automatically plug into
an electrical receptacle when a bridge is moved into position in either
Cell C or D.
-
.
.
14
-13-
An electromechanical manipulator system 18 provided to operate on a
set of rails in Cells A, B, C, and D some aine feet below the in-cell crane
system just described. The principal parts of the manipulator system are
shown pictorially in Fig. 6. The electrification method for the manipulator
system 18 similar to that of the in-cell crane system except a cable system
rather than trolley pickups is used between the bridge and carriage. Means
are not provided for self movement of a manipulator bridge from cell to cell.
ma
Instead the manipulator bridge is so arranged that it can be picked up by
two hoists operating on a single crane bridge and carried tightly coupled
to that bridge from one cell to another. The manipulator unit 18 a Programmed
and Remote Systems' model 3000 with a tube hoist having a travel. of 13 ft.
6 in. and a net lifting capacity at the shoulder hook cf 1000 lbs. Two
electromechanical manipulators can be operated simultaneously in either
Cell C or Cell D, whereas only one unit can be installed in Cell B. Operation
of an electromechanical manipulator in Cell A is for maintenance purposes
only.
A similar crane and manipulator with equivalent capacities are provided
for Cell E; however, installation, removal, and maintenance is entirely by contact
methods through the roof plug. A 5-ton-capacity crane system is also pro-
vided for Cell F. In this case, installation and removal of the bridge for
maintenance is through the hatch in the floor of Cell B. Electrification
of this crane system is again by cable reel from the wall to the bridge and
electrical trolley pick-ups on the hoist carriage. No means of remote re-
trieval of a falled bridge in this cell is provided inasmuch as the radia-
tion level will be relatively low and the probability of failure is reduced
by both the lower radiation field and relatively low use rate.
u.
.
Fig. 6.- Electromechanical Manipulator System, A. R. Irvine - TUF
CELE
VERTICAL LIFT
DOOR (REF.)
ONNL-DWG 64-3764 A
MANIPULATOR RUNWAY WITH
LIFT-RAILS (MOTOR-DRIVEN)
'TELESCOPING
TUBE HOIST
ELECTRO-MECHANICAL
CARRIAGE
; MECHANICAL MANIPULATOR
ARM
BRIDGE.

MANIPULATOR RUNWAY WITH
LIFT-RAILS (MOTOR-DRIVEN)
MANIPULATOR RUNWAY WITH
SWING-RAIL (MANUAL)
SED
1
·
MANIPULATOR RUNWAY WITH
LIFT-RAILS (MOTOR-DRIVEN)
HATCH .
TO CELL"F
LSLIDING DOOR
(REF)
ELECTRO-MECHANICAL
MANIPULATOR
..
KWA
-15-
Shielding Doors
Three steel shielding doors
in this facility provide
access between Cells A, B, C, and D. The door between Cells A and B weighs
approximately 50 tons; 18 15 in. thick, 7 it. wide, and 17 ft. high; and
moves horizontally on specially designed roller mounts. This door 18
operated by an electric motor driving two screws which are connected
the steel' door. The other two doors weigh approximately 20
tons each; are 12 in. thick, 6 ft. wide, and 15 ft. high; and move vertically.
These doors are also operated by electric motor driven screws which can
move them from one extreme position to the other in eight minutes. They
are so designed that failure of any of the mechanical parts will not neces-
sitate entry into Cell B. Repairs can be made by removing a portion of the
housing and replacing the faulty equipment with new parts.
All three doors are equipped with inflatable seals which effectively
isolate the individual cells from each other. Replacement of these seals
will
be by contact methods.
Window Design
The viewing windows for the heavily shielded cells are of two different
types: (1) lead glass and oil; and (2) a composite glass and zinc bromide
window. The first type is to be used in openings in the high density (3.3
sp. gr.) concrete walls of Cell B, whereas the second type is used in openings
in the normal concrete walls of the other cells. All windows consist of an
embedded steel window form, a gas seal plate (sometimes called an alpha seal).
on the radioactive side, and a tank containing the shielding media. The
design of these windows is an outgrowth of several earlier designs.°,1,ºgy,
There are, however, two features which distinguish these windows from their
-
-16-
predecessors. They are: (1) the gas seal plate 18 replaceable from either
the non-radioactive side or from the radioactive side, and (2) the zinc
bromide window tanks are lined with copper clad steel plate instead of
copper plate. The principal features of this window are shown in Fig. 7. This
.
design will allow the maximum use of contact type operations in replacement
of a gas seal plate at times when the activity level in the cell 18 rela-
tively low and when leakage of air in to the cells can be tolerated. If
either of these conditions does not prevail at the time wher, a seal plate
must be replaced, the plate may be replaced from the radioactive side by
entirely remote means without exposure of personnel to radiation and with
no leakage of air into the cell.
Cell Fire Protection
The fire protection system for a hot cell must meet requirements which
are not usually encountered in normal fire protection systems.. Vany factors
combined to render the more conventional water sprinkler system unacceptable
for use in this cell bank. Carbon dioxide was the most desirable from the
standpoint of nuclear safety, damage to equipment and disposal of fire ex- :
tinguishing media; but experience in another facility at ORNL had shown pro-
blems with filter plugging by an accumulation of condensed moisture from the
air, or of finely divided co, particles. That problem is to be avoided in
this facility by admitting only gaseous co, into the cells.
In the TURF system (see Fig. 8) co, is evaporated in the storage tank
before withdrawal,..superheated before passing into the gas distribution
piping, and reduced to a coatrolled pressure before passing through limiting
flow orifices. The co, is stored in two large horizontal containers which

...
-
-
Fig. 7 - Viewing Window Construction, A. R. Irvine - TURF
GAS SEAL
PLATE
New
GAS SEALS
WINDOW
FORM TIP
- GAS SEAL
Sizin
WINDOW TANK
_12_
Sssssss=SSSSSSS
- DUST SEAL
- GAS LINE
Fig. 8 - co, Distribution Schematic, A. R. Irvine - TURF
ORNL DWG. 65–3066 RI
15 lbs.
STEAM
- HEAT
EXCHANGER
CONDENSATE
CO2
STORAGE
TANKS
CELLI
SUI
MASTER-
ON-OFF VALVE
$
.$$
$$
ORIFICE
$
-

SELECTOR- PRESSURE
REGULATING VALVE
V
-
8
.
-19-
hold approximately twice the amount of co, that 18 needed for a discharge
into the two largest cells. The evaporation of co, in the vessels re-
duces the remaining liquid temperature to 0°F by the end of the second
discharge. The presure reducing valves, which are slightly modified
standard units, serve as dual purpose selector and pressure reducing valves.
Interlocks are provided for the control system to prevent overpressuring a
cell with con. The control system 18 of somewhat intricate, thoush other-
wise conventional, design. All the system components are tested and ap-
proved by a fire underwriter.
SUMMARY
The TURF will furnish versatile shielded space for carrying out an
investigation of virtually any recycle problem associated with the thorium-
cssu fuel cycle. The facility contains a variety of different types of
cells that allow operation and maintenance under several different philoso-
phies. Sufficient space is available to simultaneously carry out all phases
involved in the recycle of two different fuel elements.
Notable among the design features of the facility that permit such an
ambitious undertaking are:
(1) A cell ventilation system that provides for a high degree of con-
finement of radioactive particulate and for future conversion to
. an inert atmosphere.
(2) An in-cell crane and manipulator system to be used for remote main-
tenance operations.
(3) A more versatile gas seal plate design for the viewing windows.
.
1
...
..
-20-
(4) Access to the cells by several different means, including large
shielding doors.
(5) A cell-lire protection system specially engineered for these
cells to prevent plugging of exhaust filters and overpressuring
of the cells.
Construction was started early in 1965 sad is scheduled for completion
in 1967.
Acknowledgements
Work on the design of this facility was accomplished by a sizable
number of persons. Those persons at Oak Ridge National Laboratory to whom
we would like to give special recognition are: J. W. Anderson, F. 1. Culler,
Jr., R. H. Forde, J. P. Jarvis, J. E. Kahn, A. H. Malone, W. L. Morgan, T. F. .
Mullinix, T. E. Northup, and D. M. Shepherd. Giffels and Rossetti, Inc.,
was the architect-engineer with W. J. Thon serving as Project Manager.
REFERENCES
Equipment at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory for Fabrication of Fuel
Rods Bearing Uranium-233 and Thorium Oxide," Proceedings of the 12th
Conference on Hot Laboratories and Equipment, ANS, Nov. 18-21, 1963.
2. J. E. Van Cleve and A. L. Lotts, "Operating Experience in a Semi-Remote
Facility for Fabrication of Fuel Rods Containing (2330, Th)0%," Proceedings
of the 12 Conference on Remote Systems Technology," ANS, Nov. 30 -
Dec. 3, 1964.
.
T
:.???
mom****
.
21.-
3. D. E. Ferguson, 0. C. Dean and D. A. Douglas, "The Sol-Gel Process for
the Remote Preparation and Fabrication of Recycle Fuels," paper presented
at the Third United Nations International Conference on the Peaceful
Uses of Atomic Energy, Geneva, Switzerland, Aug. 31 - Sept. 9, 1964.
4. Frank H. Pittman, "Objectives and Plans for U. S. Thorium Fuel Cycle
Programs," Proceedings of the Thorium Fuel Cycle Symposium, Dec. 5-7,
1962, TDD-7650.
5. A. R. Irvine and A. L. Lotts, "The Thorium Fuel Cycle Facility Conceptual
Design," paper presented at the Thorium Fuel Cycle Syraposium, Dec. 5-7,. .
1962, TDD-7650.
6. A. R. Olsen, "A New Postirradiation Examination Laboratory at the Oak
Ridge National Laboratory," Proceedings of the Ninth Conference on Hot
Laboratories and Equipment, p. 3, ANS, Nov. 7-9, 1961.
K. R. Ferguson, D. E. Czernsk and L. M. Safranski, "Gastight weak and
Installation Technique for a Kilocurie Gamma Shielding Window," Pro-
ceedings of the Ninth Conference on Hot Laboratories and Equipment,
p. 383, ANS, Nov. 7-9, 1961.
8. B. F. Bottenfield and F. L. Hennon, Transuranium Processing Facility
Viewing Window Design - Personal Communication.
9. G. Gustavich, "The Lead-Glass Viewing Window in the Processing Re-
fabrication Experiment," NAASR-3267, May 1959.
20. K. R. Ferguson and L. M. Safranski, paper given at the Sixth Hot
Laboratories and Equipment Conference, March 19, 1958.

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