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dence that it has been published, the pa-
per is being distributed in Microcard
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L E G A L N OT ICE
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A. Makes any warranty or representa-
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\\\\ 2. A933
SAMPLING DEVICES USED IN NUCLEAR SAFETY PILOT PLANT*
* T A *.
Peter P. Holzkº jº, )
Thomas H. Row, Sponsor% $9 . * : * : */
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PATENI CAEARANCE OBTAINED. P
GEDURES
SECTION.
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pUBLIC is APPROVED PRO
### # ; 3. Elif IN THE RECEIVING
# # º º 5 : 3.
#### #!" - ###
j; i ; # : The Nuclear Safety Pilot Plant, constructed in 1961, at the Oak ###
—" " ' # & - 'd # =
Ridge National Laboratory, is an experimental facility for evaluating # # #
the transport behavior of fission products in a 1350-ft” simulated #
-- - - - 5 §
containment system. 1, 2 The facility consists of a plasma torch for ##
melting fuel materials, a stainless steel containment vessel into § {
\ _2^ - P. t.
- AJ
- \ which the fission products are released, and a variety of sampling |
-> devices for determining the time and Spatial distribution of the -
^ * various chemical and physical forms of the released fission products, | º
* - •Ü
QP This paper first describes the original sampling equipment and then #
* rri
discusses the evolution of five newer devices for more thorough and .
\ - O
detailed analysis. –0
\ 2
• * All samplers are either inside or on the periphery of the con- }*
- * tainment vessel, and the actual taking of a sample is a remotely ;
- I-
º controlled operation. In most instances the "taking of a sample" in- º:
- 2 volves passing a sample of the containment vessel atmosphere through
°s. special channels and filter media. Samplers are removed from the
vessel with remotely controlled techniques prior to system decontami-
/ nation and transferred to a hood, glove box, or hot cell, as required,
ſ r / º - f
! / . Af s -
/ for decontamination, disassembly, and preparation of samples for
I analysis.
• W. º
{ *Research sponsored by the U. S. Atomic Energy Commis wº tº:
- contract with the Union Carbide Corporation, º: º: &
**Oak Ridge National Laboratory - 3% &
/ º º . §
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*
)





:::::
2
Initially, aerosols generated within the containment vessel Were
§ observed by measuring the condensation nuclei concentration with a
; condensation nuclei counter, sampling the vessel atmosphere with
i tape air samplers using various filter media, using suspended deposi-
tion coupons, making collections on tape fallout samplers and fallout -
cups, and analyzing vessel decontamination and rinse solutions. In-
terpretations of the early experimental data obtained by these means
indicated a need to differentiate the chemical form of the iodine
associated with the samples, the desirability of studying diffusion .
phenomena in connection with the various forms of iodine, a need to
consider the time dependence of fallout sampling, and a requirement,
N
\
N
for sample protection during purging and unloading operations. Five
- - ***~..
• *
types of sampling devices have now been adapted or developed to
satisfy these needs. The devices are a May-pack cluster, a combina-
tion May-pack and diffusion-tube sampler, a carousel-type fallout
i. sampler, a multicomponent sampler designated "Nu-Star," and a
ferris-wheel-type multibucket sampler.
The May-pack cluster was developed for taking a series of time-
dependent chemically identifiable samples at a given location. As
shown in Fig. l the May-pack cluster has 12 separate channels. Each
.*S. channel is loaded with the following filter elements: (1) silver
or silver-plated copper screens, (2) membrane filters, (3) charcoal-
/impregnated glass fiber filters, and (l) activated charcoal beds.
Vacuum is applied to the respective channels via an integral valve
for sequential channel sampling.

The combination May-pack and diffusion-tube sampler now avail-
able was designated to collect possible unique constituents in the
aerosol. It consists of five pairs of May-Pack channel housings with
diffusion tubes inserted between the two housings in each pair. Part
of the May-pack filters can be loaded in each of the channels so that
the diffusion tube is located between different filter element units
in each channel. º
The carousel-type fallout sampler" permits eleven time-dependent
fallout samples to be taken. A slow-speed vibratory meter, including
2 a shaft-mounted programmer, provides precise indexing of the fallout-
N.
-- " '
)
N
SS sampling coupons. An alternate version of this sampler substitutes
~ test tube cups for the coupons for use in liquid deposition experi-
4 *-**
*
__. -**
sº
\s,
mentation. The samples are protected during purging and unloading
operations • º
' shown in Fig. 2, was de-
The multicomponent sampler "Nu-Star,'
signed to combine the three major sampling methods required within
the containment vessel into a single, self-contained unit. It includes
...e. “”
If desired, total-time fallout and deposition samples can also be
.../
obtained by attaching' suitable samplers directly to the sample-carrier
housing. This sampler was designed for operation in a steam environ-
ment at temperatures up to 500°F. The remote-handling requirements
/are simple because the unit has self-contained vacuum, electrical, and
calibrated flow-metering •ument to eliminate line disconnects.
The sampler housing is permanently installed within the containment
vessel, and only its top rotating-plate assembly is normally removed
after removing a single, centered eyebolt. A substitute plate cover
assembly serves to seal the sampler during vessel decontamination,
If required, however, the complete sampler can be removed. The unit
requires a minimum of in-vessel and in-cell piping. The self-contained
indexing and rotation equipment, which has a carousel-type drive, is
simple and reliable. A blanking feature is provided whereby the sampler
can be isolated before and after exposure and during installation and
removal from the containment vessel. The requirements for "glove-box"
or "hot-cell" handling of samples have been minimized, and there are
- provisions for integrated sequencing of May-pack, deposition, and
1.% \ fallout awler during removal. Solenoid-actuated "on- station" flow
passage sealing is available to permit uniformity in precalibrated
**-es- e
sº
sampling of the respective channels. -
me fifth new sampler, a ferris-wheel-type multibucket unit pro-
grammed to scoop time-dependent consensate samples from the containment
vessel bottom, is now being developed for use in a steam environment. -
The new samplers provide complete time-dependent data on fallout 9
as well as the characterization of the physical and chemical behavior -
of iodine within the model containment vessel. The data that have been
- obtained are reported in a paper w L. F. Parsly et al.
**,
\,...
A Asºleisen: - - * - • *
/ The authors acknowledge sampler design contributions by -
G. M. Smith, Jr., instrumentation assistance by c. Brashear, and
criteria Support by L. F. Parsly, Jr., all of the Oak Ridge *
National Laboratory.
\ References
1. C. J. Barton et al., "Nuclear Safety Pilot Plant," pp. 77-84 in
Nuclear Safety Program Semiannual Progress Report for Period
Ending June 30, 1961, USAEC Report ORNI-3691, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory. t
2. C. J. Barton et al., "Behavior of Radioiodine in the NSPP," in
Nuclear Safety Program Semiannual Progress Report for Period
Ending December 31, 1961, USAEC Report ORNL-3776, Oak Ridge
*
National Laboratory.
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