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HISTORICAL
MODERN ATLAS


OF THE


BRITISH EMPIRE
SPECIALLY PREPARED FOR STUDENTS
BY
{ſº
CºgRANT ROBERTSON, M.A. Oxon.
Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford
AND
\ sº S} ' -
J*Gº BARTHOLOMEW, F.R.S.E., F.R.G.S.
METHUEN & CO.
36, ESSEX STREET, LONDON, W.C.
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L IST OF M A PS
GENERAL
1. COMPARATIVE VIEWS OF THE COUNTRIES
OF THE BRITISH EMIPIRE.
2 fºur BRITISH EMPIRE IN 1603. '
Do. 1713.
3 ſ THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN 1763.
l DG. 1837.
4–5. THE BRITISH EMPIRE IN 1905.
THE WORLD, BATHY-OROGRAPHICAL.
6 Do. WEGETATION.
7 THE WORLD, TEMPERATURE.
& } Do. RAINFALL.
8
THE WORLD, DENSITY OF POPULATION.
ſº } Do. COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT.
9 } ERITISH EXPORT TRADE.
* Do. IMPORT TRADE.
BRITISH ISLES AND EUROPE
ſ ROMAN BRITAIN.
lANGLO-SAXON BRITAIN.
I }: OF WESSEX.
10.
EMPIRE OF CANUTE. -
12. BRITAIN AFTER NORMAN CONQUEST.
13. ANGEVIN EMPIRE, 1189 A.D.
14. Do. 1360 A.D.
15. PERIOD OF EARLY VOYAGERS, 1492.
16. MEDITERRANEAN COUNTRIES, 1740.
17. Do. 1905.
INSETs — IONIAN IsLES, GIBRALTAR,
CYPRUS, HELIGOLAND.
18. BRITISH ISLES, VEGETATION.
MALTA,
19. Do, COAL AND IRON.
20. Do. INIDUSTRIES.
21. Do. POPULATION.
22. ENGLAND AND WALES, OROGRAPHICAL.
23. Do. POLITICAL.
24. SCOTLAND, OROGRAPHICAL.
25. Do. POLITICAL.
26. IRELAND, OROGRAPHICAL.
27. Do. FOLITICAL,
ASIA
28. ASIA, OROGRAPHICAL.
29. CENTRAL ASIA, FRONTIER CHANGES.
30. INDIA, OROGRAPHICAL,
31. INDIA, VEGETATION AND PRODUCTS.
; INDIA IN 1707. -
Do. 1765.
( INDIA IN 1805.
33. } Do. 1858,
32.
3
34–35. THE INDIAN EMPIRE IN 1905.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42
43.
44.
45.
46.
D0.
INSETs—CALCUTTA, BOMBAY, MADRAS.
THE FAR EAST, 1803.
Do. 1905.
THE NEAR EAST, 1905.
AFRICA
AFRICA, OROGRAPHICAL.
DO. VEGETATION.
Do. POLITICAL, 1905.
| DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICA, 1800, 1850.
Do. 1865, 1880.
BRITISH SOUTH ANI) CENTRAL AFRICA.
INSET-CAPE TOWN.
DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTH AFRICA.
EGYPT AND BRITISH EAST AFRICA, 1905.
INSETs—EGYPT, ALEXANDRIA, UGANDA, BRITISH
SOMALILAND.
DRITISH WEST AFRICA, 1905.
INSETs—GAMBIA, SIERRA LEONE, GOLD COAST,
NIGERIA.
AMERICA
NORTH AMERICA, OROGRAPHICAL.
NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES, 1755–1763.
NORTH AMERICA, 1783.
| BRITISH NORTH AMERICA, 1791.
1S-11.
51. DOMINION OF CANADA, 1905.
52. LOWER CANADA AND NEW FOUNDLAND,
* 1905.
, THE WEST INDIES, 1660.
53. - * **
l Do. 1763.
54. WEST INDIES, BRITISH (;UIANA, ANI)
HONDURAS, 1905.
INSETs—BERMUDAs, JAMAICA, FALRLAND ISLANDs.
OCEAN IA
55. LEADING EXPLORERS OF THE PACIFIC,
56. AUSTRALASIA, OROGRAPHICAL.
63.
64.
Do. WEGETATION.
AUSTRALIA, POLITICAL, 1905.
AUSTRALASIA, 1825.
| Do. 1860.
WESTERN AUSTRALIA.
(NEW SOUTH WALES, VICTORIA.
SOUTH AUSTRALIA AND QUEENSLAND.
NEW ZEALAND,
ISLANDS, 1905.
PACIFIC ISLANDS, 1905.
CHRONOLOGY AND EXPANSION
BRITISH EMPIRE,
TASMANIA, AND FIJI
() F THIE
|5||1352
I N T R O DUCTION
RELATION OF GEOGRAPHY TO HISTORY
ExcELLENT atlases and maps there are in plenty for the study of the modern geography of the British Empire as a
whole or in detail: in various historical atlases and text-books may be found maps to illustrate this or that period of
British or imperial history; but the compilers of the present atlas believe that theirs is the first attempt to combine
into a single portable volume material which will serve schools, universities, and the general public for a correct and
intelligent interpretation of the modern physical and political geography of the British Empire, and will systematically
connect that interpretation with, and base it upon, a geographical study of the long historic evolution through which
our Empire has passed from the days of the Roman occupation to the reign of King Edward VII. If it be true, and
the present editors are profoundly convinced of the truth, that no study of political geography can be satisfactory or
educationally valuable which is not based on the study of physical geography; if it be true that for the student of our
constitution and institutions “the roots of the present lie deep in the past, and that nothing in the past is dead to the
man who would learn how the present came to be what it is,” it is equally true that no student of historical geography
will learn what his subject can teach him unless at every stage he brings historical facts into intimate and vital connec-
tion with the conditions of modern descriptive and physical geography. There can be no more disastrous mistake
than to regard modern and historical maps as belonging to separate and exclusive spheres of geography as a subject of
study and a part of all real education. Unless, indeed, geography is to be stripped of all that can make it an essential
element of a sound civic training, modern and historical maps must in all cases be mutually complementary. And
this is pre-eminently true for the student of the history and geographical structure of the British Empire, and such a
study, we are all agreed, is not merely desirable in itself, but a positive duty for every British citizen.
(a) Scope of the Atlas.-The Editors, therefore (as the Table of Contents indicates), have endeavoured to
provide such assistance in the way of maps as will enable teacher and pupil to examine separately and concurrently
the historic, the physical, the economic and the modern political factors in the subject-matter of their study. The
modern physical and economic maps will, it is hoped, provide the necessary illustration for the geographical text-
book; the historical maps in particular are intended to illustrate the whole course of British history from the point
of view of imperial development, and the two together to prepare for an examination of the deeper and more com-
plicated problems in government, in politics, and economics which the British Empire alike in the past and to-day
so richly provides. As a further help the Editors have included in their plan (Plate LXIV.) a chronological scheme
epitomising in graphic form the historical evolution as a whole, and have added not merely the usual index, but a
historical gazetteer and a classified and selected bibliography indicating the most useful aids, in their judgment, for
more specialised and extended study to be found in other atlases and the chief historical and geographical authorities.
In a word therſ, the present atlas aims at providing both a geographical and historical companion to past history and
present conditions, at illustrating in a reasonable compass and at a moderate price the origins, development, and
form of the British Empire from the earliest times to the present day.
(b) The Significance of the Imperial Crown.—No apology is necessary for commencing the historical illustrations
with Roman Britain, nor for tracing briefly the varied forms through which the 13ritain of the Teutonic invaders has
expanded into the Empire of to-day. Some recent writers, it is true, are content to date the modern British Empire
simply from the naval and commercial expansion of England in the later part of the Tudor epoch. Iłut such a date
is obviously arbitrary, and the theory ignores the plain conclusion that the dawn of that expansion had been preceded
by, and would be meaningless without, the great age of Exploration and Discovery, as well as the fact that the results of
that epoch came to Englishmen whose ancestors had been long familiarised with the significance of an imperial crown,
and with an Empire beyond the narrow seas of which the Calais just lost in the reign of Mary Tudor was a painful
symbol, and to the extent of which the Channel Islands then, as to-day, could bear indisputable and honourable witness.
Indeed, it is no exaggeration to assert broadly that since the days of Boadicea there is no period of our history in
which the inhabitants of Great 13ritain have not been connected with or lived under a series of national and historic
imperial systems—the Roman, the West-Saxon, the Danish, the Norman, the Angevin, until we cross the threshold into
the realms of modern history proper. “Edward VII., by the grace of God, of the United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland, and of all the British Dominions beyond the seas, King, 1)efender of the Faith, Emperor of lndia.”
(I Edw. VII, c. 15)—so runs the title of our present Sovereign, every word of which contains a complex chapter of
history in epitome, but the theory and claims of the modern in perial crown are no pinchbeck creation of the nine-
teenth century; they would have been intelligible to the men the chronicles of whose sleepless ambition were written
by Hakluyt and Purchas, and the claim had been asserted and exercised long before the keels of John and Sebastian
Cabot or of Hawkins, Raleigh, Frobisher, and Drake followed the wake of Columbus, Di Gama, and Magellan across
the uncharted seas, before Newfoundland (1583) became the premier colony of the modern British Empire, before even
William the Conqueror crossed the Channel to step on to the throne and inherit the traditions of the West-Saxon House.
(c) Past and Present-To-day it is sometimes too commonly assumed that the expansion of England is pre-
eminently the affair of the Seventeenth, eighteenth, and nineteenth centuries, the result of two centuries of inevitable
5
6 INTRODUCTION
and continuous war with France. But already for more than two centuries England had been at war with France for
an Empire, had “expanded ” long before the search for the North-West Passage, the voyage of the Mayflower, the
occupation of Fort St. George on the Coromandel Coast, the capture of Jamaica, or the seizure of Gibraltar. Why,
how, and with what results that previous expansion took place, the imperial systems which preceded the colonisation
of North America, the conquest of Canada, and the growth of an Eastern Empire on the ruins of the Mogul Supremacy,
are not merely an irrelevant if interesting prologue to the great drama that follows: they are in themselves a series of
vivid and illuminating historical dramas, continuously and organically connected with the enduring movement in
world-history which gave Sir J. Seeley the title of his famous book. And just as the student of the modern British
Constitution, even if anxious only to understand the system under which the British citizen to-day lives and is governed,
finds himself drawn back step by step from a survey of Downing Street, Whitehall, Westminster, and the Law Courts
in the Strand, to study the work of Edgar, Henry II, the framers of Magna Carta, Simon de Montfort, and Edward I.,
as well as that of Henry VIII., Cromwell, and the framers of the Bill of Rights and the Act of Settlement, so, too,
even a superficial examination of historical geography reveals that in the long list of Empire Builders, Edgar the
Peaceable, Canute, William the Conqueror, Henry II., Edward I., Edward III., and Henry V., and for what they stood
and worked, have also their due place, and that without their names and achievements, their legacies and their ideals,
the record must not only be mutilated and incomplete, but positively false and misleading.
(d) The Modern Development.—The main features of the strictly modern development, commencing with the
colonisation of Virginia, the establishment of the East India Company, the gradual building up of permanent lines of
trade through the West African forts with the Hinterlands and the West Indies in the seventeenth century need not be
sketched here, even if space permitted the attempt. How and why England united itself with Scotland and finally with
Ireland, how the United Kingdom lost Tangier just as it was on the point of becoming a Mediterranean power,
how it came into collision with the rival colonial empires of Spain and the Dutch, and at all points—on the Ganges
and the Coromandel Coast, on the St. Lawrence and the Mississippi, in the Caribbean Sea and on the Gambia and Oil
rivers, not less than at Malta, Port Mahon, and Gibraltar—it found itself confronted by France, are chapters of history
written in every text-book. And if there is a lull after Waterloo, the struggle for colonial empire breaks out again half
a century later, and presents remarkably similar features. We may have to read Africa and Central Asia as the
centre of the scene instead of North America and India, to substitute German and Russian for Spaniard and Dutch ;
but France and French statesmen are in the forefront as before, and to the historical student the foundation of British
Nigeria, of the East and Central African Protectorates, the supremacy in South Africa, the mastery of the Nile, and
the problems presented to-day on the North-West Frontier of India, along the littoral of the Persian Gulf, and in the
Farther East are curiously familiar to the student who has appreciated the work of Marlborough, Chatham, Clive,
Warren Hastings, Wellesley, and Dalhousie. For Great Britain since the days of Elizabeth there has always been an
Eastern Question, though to statesmen of different epochs the East has meant very different things, and will mean very
diſſerent things a century hence. And the future to-day, as in the sixteenth century, lies upon the water.
(e) Problems of the Present and the Future.—The deeper problems that a study of the evolution of the British
Empire opens up are of perennial interest and importance. The meaning and results of sea-power, the connection
between naval power and a nation's mercantile marine, the interaction and reaction of commerce upon colonisation and
of both on political progress and civic strength and imperial ideals, the value of different systems of colonisation and
colonial governments, the methods through which a nation can expand, above all, the conditions by which and the
limits under which companies chartered or otherwise can be profitably employed to stimulate national ambitions and
aid in achieving national ends, the relations of a colonising people to alien, subject, or inferior races—all these and
many others must beset the student's mind at every stage of his inquiry. They are simply a few of the supreme
questions to the solution of which history, if liberally and philosophically interpreted, will not refuse indispensable aid.
“The glory that was Greece and the grandeur that was Rome”—history can help to justify the claim. Why has the
Dritish Empire come into existence? For what has it stood in the past? For what does it stand to-day ? With
what right and with what hopes does it face the future ? These indeed are tremendous questions which every British
boy and girl, every university student, who must some day be a fully privileged member of that Empire. should not
be permitted to evade. Neither historical, physical, political, nor economic geography alone can answer them, but it
is certain that without all the help geography can give such questions will simply be baffling and tiresome riddles.
ALL SOULS COLLEGE, I 905.
N
2-1Barbados, most easterly of West Indies, Ioo m. E. of St. Vincent. Chief
THE BRITISH EMPIRE, HISTORICAL AND MODERN
GAZETTEER OF COUNTRIES AND POSSESSIONS
Abaco, second in size of the Bahamas. See BAHAMAS.
Acadia, name for an ancient province in French Canada, represented by the
modern Nova Scotia and New Brunswick, and ceded to Great Britain \,
1713. First settled by the Scotch, 1622.
Aden, at southern extremity of Arabia, acquired 1839. The settlement of
Aden includes Aden, Little Aden, Shaikh Othman, Perim, Socotra, and the
Kuria Muria Islands. Political Resident under the Bombay Governmen f.
Alberta, district in the North-West Territories of the Dominion of Canada.
Created 1882. Erected into a Province, 1905. Capital, Edmonton.
Aldabra Islands, group in the Indian Ocean, N. of Mozambique Channel. º
Dependency of the Seychelles.
Amirante Islands, group in Indian Ocean. Dependency of the Seychelles.
Andaman and Nicobar Islands, SE. of Bay of Bengal. Annexed I792.
Chief Commissionership of Indian Government. *
Andros, largest of the Bahamas. See BAHAMAS.
Anegorda. See VIRGIN ISLANDS.
Anguilla, Leeward Is. Unit in the Presidency of St. Kitt's (q.v.).
Ascension, island in S. Atlantic, 700 m. NW. of St. Helena. Annexed I815.
AWaval Station under the Admiralty.
Ashanti, territory on the W. coast of Africa. Annexed 1901. Chief Com-
missioner under the Gold Coast Colony.
Assam, a Chief Commissionership in the Government of India, NE. of Bengal.
Capital, Shillong. Territory acquired 1825. Assigned to Bengal until 1874.
Joined to Eastern Bengal in 1905. (See note at bottom of p, º -
Assiniboia, Pºiº in the North-West Provinces of the Dominion of
Atlaabasca, Canada. Created 1882 (see mote at botſom of p. Io).
Auclaiand Islands, group S. of New Zealand. Dependency of New Zealand
since 1842. º
Australia, Commonwealth of. A Federation of the six Colonies, New
South Wales, Victoria, South Australia, Queensland, Western Australia,
and Tasmania, created by 63 & 64 Vict. c. 12, Jan. I, 1901. Responsible
Federal Self-Government.
Aves, islands W. of Windward Is. Annexed 1904.
Bahamas, group of islands in the West Indies. Capital, Nassau. Discovered
by Columbus. Assigned to Sir H. Gilbert, 1578. First settled, 1612.
Definitely assigned to Great Britain, 1783. Crown Colony.
/
Africa Company. 1895, transferred to Brit. Govt. under Foreign Office.
1904, Commissioner and Consul-General under the Colonial Office.
British Guiana, colony in S. America. Capital, Georgetown. Includes
Demerara, Essequibo, and Berbice. First Eng. Settlement, 1604. Finally ceded
to England, 1814. Since 1891 a Crown Colony with a Council partly Alective.
IBritish Honduras, colony on E. coast of Central America. Capital, Belize.
Discovered by Columbus, 1502; English settlers, 1630-1798; undisputed
British possession since 1798; 1862, constituted a colony. Since 1870 a
Crown Colony.
British New Guinea, SE. part of island of New Guinea. Chief town,
Port Moresby. Discovered by Antonio di Abrea, 15II. British Protectorate,
1884; transferred to the Australian Commonwealth, I901. Crown Colony
under Governor-General of Australia.
British North IBorneo, territory at NE. of island of Borneo. Chief town,
Sandakan. Since 1882 under British AWorth Borneo Company.
Brunei, Native State between Brit. N. Borneo and Sarawak. Chief town,
Brunei. Since 1888 Protectorate under the Governor of the Straits Settlements.
Burma, province of a Lieut.-Governor in Farther India under Indian Govern-
ment. Comprises Lower Burma (annexed 1825–1852) and Upper Burma
(1886). Constituted a Lieut.-Governorship 1888.
Caicos Islands. See TURK's and CAICOS ISLANDS.
Canada, Dominion of, self-governing Federation of British colonies (save
Newfoundland) in N. America, and composed of Quebec, Nova Scotia,
New Brunswick, Ontario, Manitoba, Prince Edward Island, and the N.W.
Provinces (1867–1898). Province of Saskatchewan, Alberta, created 1905.
Fedel al capital and seat of Dominion Parliament, Ottawa.
Cape Breton Island, an island forming part of province of Nova Scotia
(7.7).). Capital, Sydney. Taken from French 1758. Separate colony
1784–1819. Assigned to Nova Scotia 1820.
Cape of Good Hope, self-governing colony at S. extremity of Africa. In-
cludes twelve islands off Angra-Pequeña (1874), Kaffraria (1879), Walfisch
Bay (1878), Griqualand W. (1880), Tembuland (1881), Pondoland (1894),
British Bechuanaland (1895). Capital, Cape Town. Dutch settlement,
I648 – 1795; 1814, finally ceded to England. A'esponsible self-governing
Colony since 1872.
Cayman Islands, three islands to NW. of Jamaica. Defendency of Jamaica.
Bahrein Islands, group in the Persian Gulf. Capital, Moharek. Protectorate |\Central Provinces (India), province in Central Brit. India under a Chief
since 1847. Political Resident (Bushire).
Baluchistan, country to the West of India. Divided (1876—1899) into 3
divisions: (1) British Territory; (2) Native states of Kalāt and Las Bela ;
(3) Tribal areas. Agent for the Governor-General of India.
town, Bridgetown. First occupied, 1605. Crown Colony.
Barbuda, Leeward Is. Dependency of Antigua (q.v.). Settled 1661–1662.
IBaroda, the most westerly of the four principalities in British India controlled
by an Agent of the Governor-General. The head is the Gaikwar. British
A’esident since 1780.
IBasidu, British port in the island of Kishm, near the entrance to the Persian
Gulf. Persian Gulf Political Residency.
IBasutoland, territory in S. Africa, SE. of Orange River Colony. From 1871
to 1884 part of Cape Colony. Since 1884 under a Resident Commissioner,
under the High Commissioner for South Africa.
Commissioner of Govt. of India, and includes the Berars. Created 1861.
Ceylon, island off the S. extremity of India. Capital, Colombo. 1507–1658,
Portuguese settlement; 1658–1795, Dutch settlement; 1795, annexed by
Great Britain. 1801, a separate colony. Crown Colony.
Channel Islands (Jersey, Guernsey, Alderney, Sark, Herm, Jethou). An
appanage of the Duchy of Normandy. United to Eng. Crown since Io96.
Awtonomous government under British Crown.
Chatham Islands, group of islands to E. of New Zealand. Dependency of
A'ezer Zealand.
Christmas Island, 200 m. SW. of Java. Dependency of the Straits Settle-
ments since 1889.
Cocos Island. See KEELING ISLANDS.
Cook Islands, group in the S. Pacific. Dependency of Aew Zealand.
Coorg, the smallest province of Brit. India. Capital, Merkara. Annexed 1834.
Under a Chief Commissioner.
IBechuanaland, territory in S. Africa, divided into colony of British Bechuana->|| Cyprus, island in the Levant. Capital, Nicosia. Under Lusignan family,
land, annexed (1895) to Cape of Good Hope, and Protectorate under a
Resident Commissioner, Protectorate first proclaimed 1885.
Ikengal, Province in British India under a Lieutenant-Governor. Capital,
Calcutta. Comprises Behar, Orissa, Chotia Nagpur. Established 1854,
Reconstructed in 1905. (See note at bottom of p. Io.)
Berbice, district in B. Guiana. Settled by Dutch 1624. Finally ceded to
England 1814.
Bermudas or Somer's Is., group in N. Atlantic, 360 m. from N. Carolina.
Capital, Hamilton. Discovered by Bermudez about 1527. Settled 1609-
1612. Crown Colony.
IBhutan, independent State in E. Himalayas. Capital, Punakha. Since
1865, British sphere of influence regulated by treaty and subsidy.
Bombay. A Presidency in British India, under a Governor. Capital, Bom-
bay. Established as a Presidency I668.
British Central Africa, protected country on Shiré River and along W.
side of Lake Nyasa. Capital, Blantyre. Protectorate proclaimed 1891.
Commissioner under the Foreign Office.
IBritish Columbia, province in the Dominion of Canada. Capital, Victoria.
Constituted a Crown Colony 1858. Incorporated in the Dominion 1871.
British East Africa, Protectorate on the coast of E. Africa. Capital,
Mombasa, 1888–1895, administered by Chartered Imperial British East
7
1192–1489; under Venice, 1489–1571 ; under Ottoman Sultan, 1571–1878;
transferred by treaty to Great Britain, 1878. Crown Colony.
Diego Garcia, the largest of the Chagos group in the Indian Ocean. De-
pendency of Mauritius.
Dindings, The, or the islands of Pangkor. Ceded 1826. Part of the
Straits Settlements.
Dominica, Leeward Islands, W. Indies. Capital, Roseau or Charlottestown.
Discovered by Columbus, 1493; 1763, assigned to Great Britain. [1778–1783,
ºth possession.] Crown Coſony. The Aresidency of the Leeward
S/(??? (YS,
Demerara, district of British Guiana. Dutch settlement 1624–1814; ceded
to Great Britain 1814.
East Griqualand, province of the colony of the Cape of Good Hope (7...).
ſ Egypt, a State whose territory includes the Libyan Desert. The English occu-
pation dates from 1882. The State is governed by the Khedive, nominally
dependent on the Sultan of Turkey, subject to the advice of the British
Agent and Consul-General, and the rights of Great Britain regulated by
Convention of London, 1885, and defined by Anglo-French Convention,
I904. British Agent and Consul-General. Virtual Protectorate.
8
Ellice (or Lagoon) Islands, group of nine islands in S. Pacific. High Com-
missioner for the W. Pacific,
Essequibo, District of Brit. Guiana, Dutch settlement 1624–1814; ceded to
Great Britain 1814.
Falkland Islands, group in the S. Atlantic, 300 m. E. of Magellan Straits.
Discovered by Davis 1592, and finally annexed by Great Britain 1832.
South Georgia is a dependency; discovered in 1675, and occupied 1775.
Crown Colony.
Fanning Islands, N. Pacific. Commissioner of the W. Pacific,
Fiji Islands, group, with the dependent island Rotumah, in S. Pacific.
Capital, Suva. Discovered by Tasman 1643. Definitely annexed 1874.
Crown Colony.
Franklin, a district of the NW. Territories in the Dominion of Canada.
Created in 1895.
Friendly Islands. See TONGA.
Gambia, Settlement and Protectorate on the W. coast of Africa. Capital,
Bathurst. Iºng. trade connections date from 1588. New settlement, 1816;
a separate colony, 1843; 1866–1888, part of the W. African Settlements;
separate govt. 1888, l’rotectorate organised, 1894–1901. Crown Colony.
Gibraltar, I'ortress at the W. entrance to the Mediterranean. Captured
1704, and ceded to Great Britain 1713. Crown Colony under a Military
Governor.
Gilbert Islands, group in the Pacific. High Commissioner for the W. Pacific.
Gold Coast, colony on the Guinea coast of Africa. Capital, Accra. Eng.
trade relations date from 1618. The Royal Africa Company lasted 1672–
1752. 1821–1851, a dependency of Sierra Leone. Finally, 1874, erected
into a separate colony. Crown Colony.
Gozo. See MALTA.
Graham Land, peninsula in the Antarctic Region S. of Falkland Islands.
Grenada, one of the Windward Islands, West Indies. Capital, St. George.
Discovered by Columbus 1498. French occupation, 1650–1762, 1779-1783;
British, 1762–1779, and from 1783. Crown Colony.
Grenadines, group of small islands in the West Indies. The largest,
Carriacou, is annexed to Grenada, the others to St. Vincent.
Griqualand West, district incorporated in the colony of Cape of Good
Hope (q.v.) since 1880.
IIarvey Islands. See COOK ISI.ANIDS.
Hong-Kong, island at the mouth of the Canton River in China,
Great Britain, 1841. British Kowloon on the mainland was ceded 1861,
and extended 1898. Crown Colony.
Haidarabad, the chief of the Mahometan feudatory states in British India.
The head is the Nizam. Jºritish /ēesident since 18o3.
Ceded to
Hudson IBay Company. I’ounded in 1670 to trade to Hudson's Bay (dis-,
The company's territories were mainly
covered by H. Hudson, 1609-10).
transferred to the Dominion of Canada in 1869.
India, British, that part of the Indian Peninsula which is under British rule
and influence, and includes districts under direct administration and the
native states. t
1600-1858, administered by the East India Company. In 1858 the Crown,
by 21 & 22 Vict. c. 106, resumed its sovereign rights. The Supreme
executive and legislative power in India is vested in the Governor-
General in Council, subject to the Secretary of State for India in Council,
who is responsible to the Crown in Parliament. In 1876 the Crown of
Great Britain took the title of Emperor of India.
IsIe of Man, an island in the Irish Sea. Under Norse Parliaments and
Norwegian Crown, 890-1265. Rival claimants, 1265–1406. Held by the
House of Stanley, 1406–1765. Under British Crown from 1765. Auto-
momous self-government by a Governor, with a Council and the House of
A eys.
Jamaica, the largest of the IBritish West Indian Islands. Capital, Kingston.
Discovered by Columbus, 1494. In Spanish possession till 1655, when it
was captured by an English force. Crown Colony.
Jask, 13ritish port on the Persian coast in the Gulf of Oman.
/’0/i/ica / A’esidency.
Joliore, native state at S. extremity of Malay Peninsula, Protectorate
proclaimed 1885; under the Governor of the Straits Settlements.
Persian Gulf
Kashmir, a native feudatory state in NW. of British India.
Srinagar. /3/7/ish /?o///ica / /Česide/, / since 1846.
Keeling (or Cocos) Islands, group about 700 m, SW, of Sumatra.
Annexed 1878, and, 1886, made a dependency of Singapore.
Keewatin, district in the NW. Territories of the Dominion of Canada.
Created 1876.
Kermatiec Islands, group in the S. Pacific. Dependency of New Zealand.
King Eti wurul VII. Land, a country of unknown extent in the Antarctic
regions to the P. of Victoria J..and. IDiscovered 1902.
Kowloon. Sec HONG-KONG.
Kurla Muria Islands, five islands off S. coast of Arabia. Acquired 1884.
Part of the Settlement of Aden (). v.).
Capital,.
Labrador, coast territory from Cape Chudleigh to Strait of Belle Isle. Dis-
covered by Norsemen in ninth century, and by Cabot 1487; ceded to lºng- ||
land 1763; annexel to Quebec 1773-1809.
A'eau/www.d'ſantſ.
Ln buian, island off the coast of Brunei, North Borneo.
13ritain 1846. /3ritish AWorth Borneo Company.
Since 1809 a Dependency of
Ceded to Great
It is divided into 9 Provinces and certain minor charges.
THE BRITISH EMPIRE GAZETTEER OF POSSESSIONS

Laccadive Islands, group of islands 200 m. W. of Malabar coast, Annexed
to Madras Presidency.
2 Lagos, island on the Guinea coast of W. Africa, Capital, Lagos. It includes
Abeokuta, Yoruba, and Ikorodu. Erected into a separate colony 1886,
The Protectorate was formed 1865–1895. Crown Colony.
Lantao Island, annexed to Hong-Kong.
/ Leeward Islands, a group in the West Indies, The English Leeward
Islands, in 1871, were constituted a Federal Colony, in five Presidencies—
Antigua, Montserrat, St. Kitt's and Nevis, Dominica, the Virgin Islands.
Administrative capital, St. John's, Antigua, Crown Colony.
Lenna Island. See HONG-KONG.
Lord lowe Island, in the Pacific,
Lower Canada. See QUEBEC.
l
U
Dependency of New South Wales,
Mackenzie, district in the NW. Territories of the Dominion of Canada,
Created 1895.
|Madras, as the Presidency of Fort St. George, is the oldest of the Provinces
of British India. Founded 1639. Under a Governor appointed direct by
the Crown, and subordinated to the Governor-General.
Malacca, a province of the Straits Settlements (7.w.). Capital, Malacca.
Occupied by Portuguese, 1511–1641. Held by Dutch, 1641–1795. Captured
by British, 1795. Returned to the Dutch, 1818–1824, then exchanged in
1824 for Sumatra,
Malay States, a Federation of Protected Malay States—Perak, Salangor,
Negri-Sembilan, Pahang—under the Commissioner for the Straits Settle-
ments. Protectorate.
Malden Island, coral island in the Pacific.
Maldive Islands, group lying 500 m, W. of Ceylon. Dependency of Ceylon,
| Malta and Gozo, islands in the Mediterranean, 60 m. S. of Sicily. Capital,
, Valetta. I 190-1530, under House of Aragon; 1530–1798, under the Knights
of St. John ; 1798–1800, in the hands of the French ; from 1800 British.
Crown Colony.
Manalhilti Islands, group in the Pacific, Dependency of New Zealand.
Manitoba, province in the Dominion of Canada. Capital, Winnipeg.
Formerly the Red River Settlement of the Hudson Bay Company.
Created a province 1870. º
Mashonaland, a district of Rhodesia (Southern) (q.v.).
Matabeleland, a district of Rhodesia (Southern) (q.v.).
Mauritius, island in the Indian Ocean 500 m. E. of Madagascar. Capital,
Port Louis. Discovered by Portuguese, 1509; IDutch, 1598–1712; French
º name of Isle of France), 1721–1810; British from 1810. The Chagos
slands, the St. Brandon, and Rodrigues are dependencies, Crown Colony.
Montserrat, one of the Leeward Islands. Capital, Plymouth. Discovered
by Columbus, 1493. French, 1664–1668, 1782–1784; English, 1632–1664,
and since 1668. A Presidency in the Crown Colony of the Leeward Islands,
Mysore, a native feudatory state in South of British India. Capital, Mysore.
Created by British Government in 1799. In 1831 the Rajah was deposed.
In ; the State was restored to a native dynasty. British Political
A’esident.
f
*
Natal, colony on the coast of South Africa, Includes Zululand (7.w.), Vryheid,
Utrecht, and part of Wakkerstroom (1903), Capital, Pietermaritzburg.
Constituted a separate colony, 1850. A'esponsible self-governing Colony
since 1893.
Negri-Sembilan, a Federation of small Malay States, formin
Malay States Protectorate (7.w.), organised 1882–18
Nepal, kingdom in the Himalayas. Capital, Katmandu.
influence, regulated by treaty since 1815.
Nevis, one of the Leewards. Capital, Charlestown. Discovered by Colum-
bus, 1498. English since 1628, Part of the Presidency of St. Kitt's (q.v.).
New IBrunswick, province in the Dominion of Canada, Capital, Frederic-
ton. Formerly part of French province of Acadia (q.v.). Ceded to
lºngland 1713. Separated from Nova Scotia 1784. Incorporated in the
Dominion 1867.
Newfoundland, an island colony at mouth of Gulf of St. Lawrence, Capital,
St. Johns. Discovered by John Cabot, 1497; annexed by Gilbert, 1578;
settled, 1623; finally ceded to England 1713. Claims to be the Premier Colony
of Great Britain. A'esponsible self-government since 1855. See LABRADOR.
New Providence, one of the Bahamas (7.7/.). Capital, Nassau.
New South Wales, a colony in the E. of Australia, Capital, Sydney, Cook,
in 1770, gave it the name New South Wales, l'irst settlement, 1788. Re-
sponsible self-government established in 1855. A self-governing State in
the ſederal Commonwealth of Australia, 1901.
New Zealand consists of North and Middle Islands, with Stewart Island.
Capital, Wellington. The Auckland, Chatham, Kermadec, and Cook
Islands are dependencies. New Zealand, discovered by Tasman, 1642;
circumnavigated by Cook, f/69 ; Sovereignty ceded to Great Britain, 1840;
responsible self-government established, 1852. Responsible self-governing
g part of the
British sphere of
British Political Resident,
Co/ony.
Nicobar Islands, a group of islands S. of the Andaman Islands. Annexed
1869. Together with the Andaman Islands they form a Chief Commis-
sionership under the Indian Government.
Nigeria. See NORTHERN NIGERIA and SOUTHERN NIGERIA,
Norfolk Island, about 900 m. , from Sydney, Discovered by Cook 1774,
Pitcairn Islanders removed to it 1859. Dependency of New South Wales,
Northern Nigeria, territory on the Benue and Middle Niger, West Africa,
Capital, Zungeru, Secured to Great Britain by the Royal Niger Company
from 1881, and by international convention, 1885-1898. Administration
transferred from the Company to the Crown, 1900. Protectorate under a
High Commissioner.
North-West Provinces,
i
*
See UNITED PROVINCES AND OUDII.
V
Y
-?
º, -
THE BRITISH EMPIRE GAZETTEER OF POSSESSIONS
North-West Frontier Province (India), an administrative district on NW.
frontier of India, composed of Hazara District and four districts, Pesha-
war, Kohat, Bannu, Dera Ismail. First established 1901. Agent to
the Governor-General of India.
Northern Territories, The (West Africa). The territories to the north
of Ashanti (q.v.) were constituted a separate district with this title under
a Commissioner, 1897, Delimited, 1898, 1899, and 1901-1902. Placed
under the Gold Coast Government, 1901. Chief Commissioner.
North-Western Territories of Canada, a province in the Dominion of
Canada, formerly part of Rupert's Land, and composed of Alberta, Assini-
boia, Saskatchewan, Keewatin, Athabasca, Yukon, Mackenzie, Ungava,
and Franklin. First formed 1876; re-organised 1882; further re-organised
1895, 1897, and 1905. See note at end.
Nova Scotia (with Cape Breton), province of the Dominion of Canada,
Capital, Halifax, Discovered by John Cabot, 1497; ceded by France to
England, 1713. Cape Breton captured, 1758; added to Nova Scotia, 1819;
incorporated in the Dominion, 1867. *g
Oman, an independent State in SE. Arabia, Capital, Muscat. In 1856 the
Sultanate was separated from that of Zanzibar (7. v.). Since 1856 the Sultan
has entered into close relations with the Indian Government, and Oman is
claimed as a sphere of British influence. A Political Agent resides at Mus-
cat. Persian Gulf Political Residency.
‘Ontario (formerly Upper Canada), a self-governing colony in the Dominion
of Canada, Capital, Toronto.
province, 1791 ; re-united with Lower Canada, 1840; incorporated in the
Dominion as a separate province, 1867. -
‘Orange Itiver Colony, a colony in S. Africa, north of the Orange River, and
S. of the Vaal River. Capital, Bloemfontein. Settlement began after 1836.
In 1854 the independence of the Orange Free State was recognised by Great
Britain. As a result of the Boer War the State was annexed, May 28, 1900,
and constituted as the Orange River Colony, 1902. Temporarily a Crown
Colony.
• orkney and Shetland Islands, a group of islands to the N. of Scotland.
Capital, Kirkwall. Under Norwegian jarls, 872–1231; nominally under,
the King of Norway, 1231–1471; annexed to Scotland since 1471.
ouilh (see also UNITED PROVINCES), formerly a native kingdom, now part of
the Lieut.-Governorship of the United Provinces in British India. Capital,
Lucknow. Annexed 1856; a separate province until 1877, when it was
united with the North-West Provinces, Lieutenant-Governor.
Paliang, the largest of the Protected Malay States (q.v.).
Pemba, island in the Protectorate of Zanzibar (7.w.).
Penang, island, formerly called Prince of Wales Island, and first British Settle-
ment in Malay Peninsula. Ceded in 1785. See STRAITs SETTLEMENTs.
iPenrylin Island or Tongarewa, in the S. Pacific. Dependency of New
2ealand.
‘Peralt, the most northerly of the Protected Malay States (q.v.). Capital,
Kwala Kangsa. British Resident since 1874. -
Terim, an island in the Straits of Bab-el-Mandeb. Occupied since 1857, and
annexed to the Settlement of Aden.
Persian Gulf Political Residency. The principal ports are Bander
Abbas, Lingah and Bushire. Basidu and Jask are British. Political
Agents reside at Muscat and Bushire, and the Gulf is claimed to be a
British sphere of influence under the Chief Political Agent for the Persian
Gulf to the Government of Bombay resident at Bushire.
‘pitcairn Island, South Pacific. Discovered by Cartaret, 1767–1780.
pied by the mutineers of H.M.S. Bounty. British colony by settlement.
High Commissioner for the Western Pacific. See Norfolk Island.
Prince Edward Island, an island province in the Dominion of Canada.
Capital, Charlottetown. Discovered by Sebastian Cabot, 1497. Taken
from French, 1758. A separate colony, 1770.
ment, 1881. Incorporated in the Dominion, 1873.
JPrince Itunert's Land, historic name for the districts assigned in 1670
to the Hudson Bay, Company, of which Prince Rupert was the first
It is roughly represented by the North-West Territories in the
governor.
Dominion of Canada.
Province Wellesley, district in the Malay Peninsula opposite Penang (7.2/.).
Acquired 1798.
ſ º - * - . .
Punjab, a province under a Lieutenant-Governor in the NW. of British
Roughly conforms to the territories of the former Sikh kingdom.
Annexed 1849.
India.
Capital, Lahore,
Quebec (formerly Lower Canada), a self-governing province in the Dominion
With Ontario ceded to Great Britain
1763, created a separate province 1791, reunited with Upper Canada
of Canada. Capital, Quebec.
1840, incorporated in the Dominion as a separate province 1867.
Queensland, colony in the NE. of Australia.
Queensland, 1859, when self-government was granted.
"esponsible self-governing State in the Federal Commonwealth of Australia.
Itajputana, in British India, consists of 19 Principalities, besides Ajmer-
Merwara (the chief of which are Mawar, Marwar, Bikanir, Jaipur), under
The formation of this political area under
British suzerainty and control.
British control dates from 1818.
(Redonda, one of the Leeward Islands.
Antigua (Q. v.).
and Bechuq) alaniv., to Congo Free State and Lake Tanganyika.
Occu-
Capital, Brisbane. Moreton
Bay Settlement formed from New South Wales, 1824. Separate colony of
Since 1901 a
titlaoilesia, térritories in South Africa extending north from the Transvaal
Capital,
Salisbury. 'Named after Cecil J. Rhodes, founder of British South Africa
|
t
i
i
Ceded to Great Britain, 1763; a separate |
\
Responsible self-govern-
Dependency of the Presidency of .
/*. Helena, island in the South Atlantic.
9

Company, 1889. The territories were acquired 1889–1901. Organised
into Southern Rhodesia (Mashonaland and Matabeleland) and Northern
Rhodesia (NE. and NW. Rhodesia). The British South Africa Company.
Rodrigues, in the Indian Ocean, 350 m. E. of Mauritius. Dependency of
Mauritius.
Itotumalı, island in the South Pacific. Dependency of Fiji.
Capital, Jamestown. Discovered
by Castella, 1502.’ Held by Dutch, 1645–1650 ; by East India Company,
1651–1834. Transferred to the Crown, 1833. Crown Colony.
St. Kitt's (or St. Christopher), a Presidency in the Leeward Islands, which
includes Nevis and Anguilla, Capital, Basseterre. First settled, 1623, but
did not become permanently British until 1713. Crown Colony.
St. Lucia, one of the Windward Islands. Capital, Castries. Discovered by
Columbus, 1502. First settled by English, 1639. Possession disputed
with I'rance, 1642–1802. From 1803 permanently British. Crown Colony.
St. Vincent, one of the Windward Islands. Capital, Kingstown. Discovery
attributed to Columbus, 1498. First settled, 1722. Possession disputed
with France until 1783, when it was assigned to Great Britain. Crown
Colony.
Sarawak, a State on the W. coast of Borneo. Capital, Kuching. Founded
by Sir J. Brooke, 1842, and extended 1861, 1882, 1885. British Pro-
tectorate proclaimed, 1888. Aroſectora/e under the A’ajah of Sarawak.
Saskatchewan, district in the North-West Territories in the Dominion
of Canada. Created 1882. ICrected into a Province, 1905. Capital,
Regina.
Selangor, one of the protected Malay States.
Ariſis/, /ēesidewi since 1874.
! Seychelles, group in the Indian Ocean, 900 m. N. of Madagascar. Capital,
Port Victoria, in Mahé, the largest island. Discovered 1505. In French
possession 1740–1794, when captured by British. Organised as a British
colony 1810, and separated from Mauritius as a separate colony 1903.
Crown Colony.
Slaetland Islands. See OR KNEY AND SHIETLAND ISLANDs.
Sierra Leone, colony on the W. coast of Africa, with a Protectorate
attached. Capital, Freetown. Founded 1788, and subsequently extended
by a series of treaties. Protectorate over the Hinterland proclaimed, 1896.
See also GOLD COAST, GAMBIA, and LAGOs. Crown Colony.
SIRKim, Indian Feudatory State in the Himalayas. Proclaimed a
tectorate 1889. A'esident British Political Agent.
Singapore, island at the S. extremity of the Malay l’eninsula. Occupied
in 1819, and, 1826, united with Penang and Malacca as a Presidency
under the East India Company until 1867, when it was erected into a
separate Crown Colony.
Socotra, island about 150 m. E. of Cape Guardafui, I’last Africa. Capital,
Tamarido. British Protectorate since 1886, an neved to //le Sc///ement
of Aden. -
Solomon Islands, group in the Pacific, under British protection, pro-
claimed 1893. Choiseul and Isabel are the chief islands.
Somaliland (British), territory in NE. Africa. Capital, 13erbera. Pro-
claimed a Protectorate 1884. Transferred, 1897, from Indian Government
to the Foreign Office.
Sommer's Islands. See Bl:RMUDAS.
South Australia, colony on the S. coast of Australia. Capital, Adelaide.
First Settlement 1836. Responsible Government established 1856. The
Northern Territory added 1861–1863. Since 1901 responsible se/.govern-
ing State in the Zºederal Commonwealth of Austra/ia. -- *.
South Georgia, uninhabited island, S. Atlantic, SE,
Islands. Dependency of the Falkland /sland's.
South Orkneys, a group of islands in the Antarctic.
South Shetlands, a group of islands in the Antarctic north of Graham Land.
$outhern Nigeria, territory including Benin and the Oil Rivers, and lying
Z between the Lagos Protectorate and the Cameroons. Capital, Old Calabar.
British Protectorate proclaimed, 1885; constituted as Southern Nigeria,
1900. Protectorate under a //igh Commissioner. -
Štraits Settlements, a Crown colony in the Malay l’eninsula, constituted in
1867, when it was separated from the Indian Government. It comprises
Singapore, Malacca, The Dindings, Christmas Island, and the Protectorate
of the Malay States. Administrative capital, Singapore.
váuian, Anglo-Egyptian, country south of the frontier of Egypt, which in-
cludes Darfur and Kordofan. Capital, Khartun. Under rule of lºgypt
till 1882; under the Mahdi and Khalifa, 1882–1899. Recovered by
Anglo-Egyptian army, 1896–1899. 13ritish rights are secured by the
Anglo-Egyptian Convention, 1899. Aldministrative Protectorate wide, a
Governor-General.
Sungei-Ujong, protected Malay State
lan (q.v.).
Capital, Kwala Lumpor.
Pro-
of the Falkland
incorporated with Negri-Sembi-
| Tasmania, island separated from Australia by the Bass Straits (explored
1797). Discovered by Tasman, 1642, it was called Van Diemen's Land till
1853. Occupied by England, 1803. Responsible government, 1856. Since
1901 responsible self-governing State in the Commonwealth of Austra/ia.
Tibet, a State under the suzerainty of China, to the north of British India.
Capital, Lhasa. From 1890 to 1903 relations with the Indian Government
were regulated by Treatics of 1890, 1893. 1903–1904, the British Tibetan
Expedition. A new convention was arranged in 1904 at Lhasa.
Tobago, island in the N. Atlantic, 20 m. NE. of Trinidad. Capital,
Scarborough. Discovered by Columbus, 1498. , British flag hoisted, 1580.
Possession disputed until 1634; when it was declared neutral. 1763-1781,
British. , 1781-1793, ºpºſ -T'inally ceded to Great Britain, 1814. Amal.
gamated with Trinidºſ, 1889. Crown Colony.
&
IO
Tonga Islands (or Friendly Islands), group in the S. Pacific, to the E.
of Fiji. Capital, Nakualofa. High Commissioner for the Western Pacific.
Tortola, chief of the Virgin Islands (q.v.).
Transvaal Colony, The, extends from the Vaal River northwards to the
Limpopo River. Capital, Pretoria. First settled, 1836–1848. Organised
as the South African Republic, 1884; annexed to Great Britain, 1877–1881;
relations to Great Britain regulated by Conventions of 1881 and 1884, and
finally annexed and constituted the Transvaal Colony, 1900. A Crown
colony under a Governor until 1905, when a form of self-government is in
process of organisation.
Travancore, a native feudatory State in the extreme S. of British India.
Capital, Trivandrum. Under British protection from 1795. British
Political Resident.
Trinidad, island north of the Orinoco River, South America. Capital, Port
of Spain. Discovered by Columbus, 1498. Spanish until 1797, when it
was captured by Great Britain, and was ceded by Spain, 1802.
gamated with Tobago, 1889. Crown Colony.
Tristan (la Cunha, a small group in the S. Atlantic (Gough's Island, In-
accessible, and Nightingale). Occupied between 1816 and 1821. There is
no Government, and no crime.
Turk's and Caicos Islands, the two SE. groups of the Bahamas, W.
Indies. Capital, Grand Turk. Discovery attributed to Columbus, 1493.
Claimed by Spain until 1799, when they were annexed to the Bahamas.
Constituted a separate dependency of Jamaica since 1848.
Uganda, a territory lying N. of Victoria Nyanza. Administrative centre,
Entebbe. Protectorate proclaimed 1894, and extended 1896. Railway
from Port Florence to Mombasa completed 1903. Commissionership in
the British East African Profectorate.
Ungava, district in the North-Western Territories of the Dominion of Canada,
Created 1805.
United Provinces of Agra and Oudh, a province under Lieut.-Governor,
formerly called The North-West Provinces, as being to the NW. of
Calcutta and Lower Bengal. Capital, Allahabad. They became British
1705–1801. Organised as a Presidency in 1833, and then as a Lieut.-
Governorship, 1858. Oudh was added in 1877.
Upper Canada. See ONTARIO.
Vancouver, an island in the province of British Columbia, in the Dominion
of Canada. Discovered by Juan de Fuca, 1592. Surveyed by Cook and
Amal-
| Zanzibar, with Pemba, a Sultanate off the coast of German E. Africa.
l
THE BRITISH EMPIRE GAZETTEER OF POSSESSIONS
Vancouver, 1778–1785. First settlement, 1843. United with British
Columbia, 1866. -
Wictoria, colony in Australia. Capital, Melbourne. First permanent
Settlement, 1834. Created a separate colony, 1851, with responsible
government, 1855. Since 1901 a responsible self-governing State in the
Commonwealth of Australia. e
Victoria Land. The coast of Victoria Land, in the Antarctic region, lies
South of the southern extremity of New Zealand, and runs from about 71°
to at least 83° S.—i.e. measures about 300 miles.
Wirgin Islands, a group in the Leeward Islands. Chief town, Roadtown
(Tortola). Discovered by Colombus, 1493. English since 1666. Presidency
in the Colony of the Leeward Islands. A*

Walſisch Bay, a harbour with adjacent territory in German South-West
º º Annexed by Great Britain, 1878. Dependency of the Cape of Good
A/ope.
Wei-hai-Wei, in the province of Shantung, in China. The port, with its
adjacent islands and territory, was leased by China to Great Britain in 1898
. as long a period as Port Arthur should remain in the possession of
IS UISSlal,
Western Australia, colony occupying the continent of Australia, west of
S. Australia. Capital, Perth. First settlement, 1827. The colony was
formally established, 1829. Responsible government, 1890. Since 1901
"esponsible self-governing State in the Commonwealth of Australia.
Western Pacific, The, a High Commissionership created by Order in Coun-
cil in 1877 over all islands in the W. Pacific, not within limits of Fiji, Queens-
land, and New South Wales, nor under the jurisdiction of any civilised
Power. The Governor of Fiji is the High Commissioner.
Windward Islands, a group in the West Indies. They consist of St. Lucia,
St. Vincent, Barbados, the Grenadines, Grenada, Tobago, Trinidad, See
separate notices.
Yukon, district in the North-West Territories of the Dominion of Canada.
Created 1895. *
In
1856 the Sultanate was separated from that of Muscat. The British Pro-
tectorate was established in 1890. Protectorate with British Politica?
Agent, under the Foreign Office.
Zululand, province in the colony of Natal. Annexed 1897.
LOST POSSESSIONS OF THE BRITISH CROWN
Anjou, one of the 36 ancient provinces of France.
Crown I 154–1204.
Aquitaine. This province in France was acquired by Henry II. by his
marriage with Eleanor of Aquitaine 1152. The title of Duke of Aquitaine
was resumed by Henry V. 1418. After many vicissitudes the duchy was
definitely lost 1453.
Auvergne, a province in France which formed part of the dominions of
Henry II. of England between 1158 and 1180.
IBencoolen, a settlement in the island of Sumatra.
M; Jacºa.
Brittany, a duchy in NW. France.
in I2O3. -
Calais, captured by Edward III. 1347, retaken by the French I 558.
Cayenne (or French Guiana), captured by British 1809, and restored to
United with the English
Exchanged in 1824 for
Acquired by Henry II. II59, and lost
France 1814.
Curaçon, in the Caribbean Sea, captured 1807, and restored to the Dutch
18 I 4.
Dunicirić, captured 1658. Sold by Charles II. to Louis XIV. 1662.
Fiorida, now one of the States in the United States of America. Ceded to
Great 1%ritain 1763, it was re-ceded to Spain 1783.
(ascony, a part of the historic Aquitaine (7. v.), S. of the R. Garonne, United
with the English Crown 1154; after many changes it was finally lost, I 451.
Goree, near Cape Verd in W. Africa. Taken 1758, 1779, 1800, 1804, and
finally cºded to France 1814.
IIa nover. The Elect rate of IHanover in N. Germany was united with the
Crown 1714-1837.
IIavana, in the island of Cuba, captured 1761, and re-ceded to Spain 1763.
Ireligoland, island in the North Sea, captured from Denmark 1807, ceded
to Germany 18, 10.
Ionian Isles, captured 1800–1813.
Java, in the Eastern Archipelago.
thº' ſ )utch I 81.4.
Manila (Philippines), 'captured 1761, re-ceded to Spain 1763. *
Under British Protectorate until 1863L/
Capitulated to British 1811, restored to
Maine, province in the NW. of France. , Seized by William the Conqueror
1169, it was lost I2O4. Held also by Edward III. 1357–1360.
Minorca, an island in the W. Mediterranean. Captured 1708, definitely
ceded to Spain 1783.
Moluccas, the, an archipelago in the Indian Ocean.
181o-1814, and then restored to the Dutch.
Netherlands, the, united with the English Crown 1689–1701?
Normandy, a Duchy in the N. of France, united with the English Crown
Ioé6, and held, with the exception of II35–II54, until 1204. Reconquered
I418, and partially held until its final loss in 1453. -
Poitou, a province in France united with the English Crown 1154–1203, and
again 1360–1369.
Pondicherry, captured 1761, 1778, 1793, 1803, and restored to France 1815.
Portobello, on the isthmus of Panama. Captured 1739, ceded 1748.
Itéunion, captured 1810, restored to France 1815.
Senegal, captured 1758, 1800, and restored to France 1814.
Sumatra, Dutch possessions in the island captured 1811, restored 1816.
Surinam (Dutch Guiana), captured 1802, 1804, and restored to the Dutch
1814. g
Tangier, on the N.W. coast of Africa. Held by England 1662-1684.
Touraine, a province in France united with the English Crown 1154–1203.
United States of America. The 13 colonies (New Hampshire, Massa-
chusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina, New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Georgia,
founded between 1609 and 1732) which issued the Declaration of Independ-
ence (1776), were definitely separated from Great Britain by the Peace of
Versailles (1783) and became the foundation of The United States.
West Indies. Various islands in the West Indies have been held by Great
Britain. The chief are: Guadeloupe (French), captured and held 1759,
1779, 1794, 1810, 1815. Finally restored to France 1816. Martinique
(lºrench), captured 1762, 1794, 1809, 1815, when it was finally restored to
France. St. Eustatius, captured 1690, 1781, 1801, 1810, and restored to
the Dutch 1814.
Held by Great Britain
NOTE.-POLITICAL CHANGES IN 1905.
InoxiiNION OF CANADA—The organisation of parts of the North-Western Territories of Canada into two new Provinces, as shown on Map 51, has
been inaugurated (Sept. 1905): —Alberta (comprising the former Alberta and one-half of Athabasca),
S.1-kitchewan, and one-half of Athabasca), capital, Regina.
capital, Edmonton ; Saskatchew Wa (Assiniboia,
EMPIRE OF INDIA.—The Provinces of Bengal, Central Provinces, and Assam have been re-arranged and reconstructed, as shown bri Maps 34–35.
The boundary between 13engal and Central Provinces has been re-adjusted, whilst Assam and the eastern portion of Bengal now
“I’lastern Bengal and Assam."
§
fo. 11, the raw Province of
STATISTICS
TABLE OF COUNTRIES
OF BRITISH EMPIRE
COUNTRY.
| New Guinea .
Fiji Islands . L. g
Tonga and Pacific Islands
--Gambia.
Great Britain
Gibraltar
Malta . e
Hong-Kong .
Malay States
Labuan . *
Wei-hai-wei .
Sarawak ſº
ASIA .
Victoria
Queensland .
South Austra
Tasmania
New Zealand
Sierra Leone
Lagos .
— Gold Coast
-
--
•ed
wº
North Nigeri
TJganda.
IRhodesia
Bechuanalan
Cape Colony
| Natal
#asutoland -
Transvaal
-St. Helena
Ascension
-Canada.
—lsahamas
*Bermuda.
Ceylon . e o
Straits Settlements
North Borneo
New South Wales
Western Australia
{}
Somaliland .
South Nigeria
| Zanzibar
Iºast Africa :
Central Africa,
and Ireland
g 4 ×
EUROPE . &
lia
AUSTRALASIA .
“L
d
º
Orange River Colony
Mauritius and Dependencie
| Seychelles
AFRICA e º
Iłritish Guiana . e
Trinidad and Tobago . g e *
Falkland Islands and South Georgia.
SOUTH AMERICA
tº
tº
º
e
sº
*
tº "
tºge*&gº&deiºiº
=#ewfoundland and Labrado
British Honduras
--Jamaica and Tºrk's Island tº
—£eeward Islands .
Windward Islands
--Bărbados
NORTH AMERICA
Cyprus . g e g ſº g e
British India (including Native States)
tetº&e*&ſº&&tº**ggºtº&
dſº*&egtº*d
*©&*tºe
TOTAL OF JBRITISH EMPIRE
Date of Area in
Acquisition. Sq. Miles. Population.
* - 121,027 42,372,556
1704 2 27,460
1800 117 188,141
121,146 42,588,157
1878 3,584 237,022
1757–1895 1,766,797 294,360,356
1795 25,365 3,565,954
1786–1895 1,472 572,249
1841 406 399,392
1873–95 26,960 735,000
1877 34,000 200,000
1846 30 8,411
1898 285 124,000
1842–91 50,000 600,000
1,908,899 || 300,802,384
1787 310,700 1,359,133
1851 87,884 1,201,341
1859 668,497 496,596
1836 903,690 362,604
1829 975,920 184,124
1803 26,215 172,475
1845 104,471 772,719
1884 90,540 350,000
1874 7,740 120,124
* † 800 30,000
3,176,457 5,049,116
1664-> 3,619 103,811
1787 34,000 76,655
1861 26,700 1,066,141
1662–1872 119,300 1,487,400
1886 60,000 c) 153,000
\ 323,000 20,000,000
1884–96 49,700 tº gº
ISSS 1,020 200,000
1890–94 86,000 4,000,000
1888 200,000 4,000,000
1891 42,217 970,000
ISS8 5S0,000 1,000,000
tº tº 3S0,000 130,000
1814–89 276,905 2,404,878
1843–87 36,170 1,040,000
1SS0 10,293 303,000
1900 111,700 1,000,000
1900 50,000 585,000
1810 729 378,195
1S10 148 19,237
1673. 47 3,342
1815 35 400
2,391,073 38,588,059
1627–1760 3,619,820 5,371,315
15S3–1713 162,734 220,240
1786 7,562 37,479
1629 4,404 53,735
1609 19 17,535
1655 4,373 771,853
1632–73 700 127,336
1763–S3 500 160,869
1605 166 195,588
3,800,278 6,955,959
1803–14 100,000 203,958
1768–97 1,868 273,898
1771–1833 7,500 2,050
118,368 569,006
11,516,821 304,553,581
LIST OF LARGEST TOWNS

POPULATION ACCORDING TO LATEST CENSUS
London . wº o tº . 6,581,372 Amritsar. e & {- o 162,429
Calcutta . * ſº gº . 1,125,400 Dundee . & * > e º 161,173
Bombay . º sº tº e y Jaipur . * > wº e iº 160,167
Glasgow . gº tº sº o 761,709 Bangalore & tº tº & 159,046
Diverpool . . . . 684,958 || Colombo . . . . . 158,228
Cairo te sº e ſº tº 670,062 | Howrah . * tº * o 157,594
Manchester . de © gº 543,872 Aberdeen tº wº e wº 153,503
Birmingham . * tº * 522,204 || Poona e & & tº 153,320
Madras . tº e e e 509,346 Sunderland . * e e 146,077
Sydney * tº * g 496,990 Oldham e & e tº 137,246
Melbourne . & * @ 496,079 Patna . o o * º 134,785
Haidarabad . e © e 448,466 Bareilly . & ſº gº ſº 131,208
Leeds e * * {º e 428,968 Blackburn tº & e gº 129,216
Sheffield . tº º * tº 409,070 Nagpur tº & tº ſº 127,734
Belfast e º e tº 349,180 || Brighton . & g & e 123,478
Bristol * iº e e 329,366 Srinagar . e tº © e 122,618
A leasandria . Gº & e 319,766 Brisbane . * & & ſº 119,428
Edinburgh iº tº ſº 316,837 Surat º g º e 119,306
Dublin . º e & e 290,838 Meerut . * g ſº & 118,219
Bradford . & o e 279,767 ECarachi . tº e * e 116,163
Montreal. & tº & ſe 267,730 Derby . & g tº & 114,848
Lucknow . º tº * cº 264,049 Rhondda . º gº {} * 113,735
Victoria (Hong-Kong) . * 250,000 Preston e • , , © 112,989
Kingston-upon-Hull . º 240,259 | Norwich . & tº * ge 111,733
Nottingham . . . . 239,743 || Birkenhead . . . . 110,915
Rangoon . g & & 234,881 Gateshead & e * ſº 109,888
Salford & wº 220,957 Plymouth º tº ſº e 107,636
Singapore c. . e * > © 220,000 Madura e tº * ſº 105,984
Newcastle-on-Tyne © * 215,328 Halifax * * * & 104,936
Leicester. * © † tº 211,579 Southampton . * } g 104,824
Benares . tº & tº . . 209,331 Trichinopoli . tº tº © 104,721
T)elhi ſº * ſº tº & 208,575 IBaroda . * ſº e º 103,790
Toronto . e tº & e 20S,040 South Shields . © & gº 100,858
Tahore tº gº ge e 202,964 Leyton tº e & © 98,912
Cawnpur . tº * > ſº * 197,17 Burnley ge tº † tº 97,043
Portsmouth . . tº gº 188,133 Peshawar ſº tº * * 95,147
Agra e & tº e * > 188,022 Huddersfield . tº & § 95,047
Ahmadabad . ( * & 185,889 Swansea . g © dº & 94,537
Mandalay e e :* tº IS3,816 Wolverhampton . e º 94,187
Allahabad & tº tº e 172,032 Middlesboro' . e © * 91,302
Bolton g tº & e 168,215 Jabalpur . & ſº º 90,316
Cape Town . e g © 167,000 Merthyr-Tydfil § 69,228
Cardiff . gº ſº & tº 164,333 Hanley . º g * º ($1,599
Adelaide. tº º tº * 163,430 Dudley . * o e e 48,733
THE GROWTH OF A CENTURY
THREE ASPECTS OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE
1. —AREA
o; .
3 Q = 1850 ! N YEAR 1900
º § g| 4,500,000 sq. M. 11,300,000 square miles
*

2. — POPULATION

O
O
33 1850 | N YEAR 1900
£3 160, OOO,OOO 390,000,000
g
3.—|MPORT & EXPORT TRADE
O
g
º 1850
#3 244,000, 000 |N YEAR 1900.
* § :C 421467,000,000 sterling
QR

II
GENERAL INDEX TO PLACE NAMES
Map No.
Abaco West Indies 54
Abbottabad N. W. Front. Prov. 34
Abeokuta West Africa. 41
Abercorn M. E. Rhodesia, 43
Aberdeen 25
Aberyst with 23
Aboukir Bay Egypt 17
Acadia Nova Scotia 48
AC (“ril West Africa. 41
Achteen Malaysia. 36
Adelaide South Australia 61
Aden Arabia. 38
Ado West Africa. 46
Agincourt 14
Agril United Provinces 34
Agulhase Cape Colony 43
Ahmadnagar Bombay 34
Ajincre Itajputama 32
A kassa West Africa. 41
Akola Central Provinces,
India. 34
Akyab Burnſt 35
Albany United States of
A merica, 48
Albany West A mustralia, 59 b
Albury New Zealand 59 b
Alcluyd 10 b
Aldabra Islands Indian Ocean 4
Alexandr.l. New Zealand 62
Alexandria Jºgypt 41
Alexandria, Ontario, Canada, 52
A lexandria, Cape Colony 43
Algeciras Spain 17
Alicantſ: Spain. 16
A ligarh North-Western
Provinces, India, 33
Aliwal Punjab 33
Aliwal, North Cape Colony 41
Allahal):ld United Provinces 34
Alman Za Spain, 16
Aline 11:1 ra Spa in 16
Aliilor:l North-Western
Provinces, India 33
Alney 11 a.
Al 11 wick 23
Aul boilia. Malaysia. 36
Ambry 111 New IIebrides 63
A 111 lierst, Nova Scotia, 52
Ain herst!).itrº Upper Canada, 50 a.
Almirant g Islands Indian Ocean. 5
Ainril Oti Central Provinces,
India. 34
Andama in Is. Bay of Bengal 5
Anti Oyer 23
Andros West Indies b%.
A 11 iwil New IIebrides 63
An 11n polis Nova Scotia, 48
Anticosti Quebec 49
Antipodes Island 8 J’acific
Ocean 4
Antriini 27
A pi New IIebrideg 63
Apple},y 23
Aquí1: Sulis 10 a.
A rh) I’t):lt}, 25
Arcot Madras Presidency 34
A rºghillſ Berar 33
A rºostoli Ionian Island 8 17
Arinagh 27
Arjun:lº 110ſ] Madra & 32
Arinidale New South Wales 58
Arni Madras Presidency 32
Arrah Bengal 35
Arroy W to WW II New Zealand 62
A8-1}}:L West Africa. 46
Ascension Island 5
Ashburton Rango South
A ustralia, 58
Ashdow in 10 b
Ashford 23
Aşirgil I'll Central Provinces 33
A38:1.11d 1111 11 b
Ashaye Haidarabad 33
AşW1111 Eſſ/pt 41
AHynt Egypt 41
Athelney 10 b
Athlonſ; 27
Athy 27
Attock Punjab 34
Auckland New Zealand 62
Auckland Island Pacific Ocean
Auray
Aura Ilga})ad Haidarabad
Aurora, Pacific Ocean
Australind West Australia,
A.Va. Burma.
Avalon Newfoundland
AVCS West Indies
Aylesbury
Ayr
Ayrshire Rhodesia.
Azores, Tho
I3ahrein Island Persian Gulf
I31 hr-el-Ghazal Sudan,
Balambangan North Borneo
13albriggan
13alclutha, New Zealand
I3:ulkh Central Asia.
Ballachulish
I3:ll lin:l.
I3:ll linasloe
I3:lllin robo
I3:ll lymena.
13:llyshannon e
Baltimore United States
Bamburgh
Banana, Queenslamd
Banda, United Provinces
Banda. We
Bandar A))))ns
13andal' Zinda,
Persia,
Br. Somaliland
JBilndon
IBhilſ]
Bangor
Banglley Morth Borneo
I3anjermassin Malaysia,
I3anks Island New IIebrides
Bannockburn
Bantry
I311'))01-ton TramSv)(tal
I31 r1):1008 West Imdies
IBarcelona,
Bareilly United Provinces
IBaroda, Bombay
13arnstaple
I3:lrl'io Ontario, Canada
IBurriedale South Australia,
IBarrow's Crºck Sowth Australia,
I}ºrrow-in-I'urness
IBºlsidu Persian Gulf
I31880in Bombay
I3 util
IBºlthul'St. West Africa
13:1thull'st New Brunswick
I3hth lll:8t Tasmania,
Batticaloa, Ceylon,
I3attleford Saskatchewan
Bay Island IIondwras
Bayeux
I3ench port South Australia,
Beaufort Wost Cape Colony
I3caugè
IBøhumariS
Bedford
IBolfaSt.
I}clfast, Victoria,
IBolize Honduras
Bellary Madras Presidency
IBellevillo Ontario, Canada,
JBen (2001(ºn Malaysia,
Bendigo Victoria,
IBenin West Africa
I3ennington United States of
America,
I}onsing to Il
Benton Newfoundland
I}(ºr)) or Sudan,
IBºrberà, Br. Somaliland
Horwick-on-Tweed
Bethlehem Orange River Colony
Bethulie Orange River Colony
Beverley *
Bhartpur Irajputama
IBłl ir Haidarabad
J3ida. West Africa.
I3ijapur Central Provinces,
India.
Bintulu Borneo
Map No.
63
14
34
63
59 b
34
49
54
23
25
43
I2
Map No
Birmingham 23
Blandford 23
Blatum Bidgium 10 a.
I31enheim New Zealand 62
I31oemfontein Orange River
Colony 43
Roemhof Orange River Colony 43
Blore Heath 23
IBluefields Nicaragua, 53
Blythe 23
Bodmin 23
Bokharº, Central Asia, 29
Bolan Pass Baluchistam, 29
Rolton 23
Bonnytown West Africa. 41
BOl' Sudan, 45
l}orati East African
Protectorate 45
Rorneo, IBritish North 37
Borraloola. North Australia, 58
IBOshof Orange River Colony 43
I3otany Bay New South Wales 58
Bounty Island Pacific Ocean 63
Bourke New South Wales 58
Bouvines 14
Rowen Queensland 58
I30W more 25
Boyle 27
Braddocks Field 48
lłrandfort Orange River Colony 43
Prandon Manitoba, Canada, 52
IBrandywine Creek 49
Br.), Intford Ontario, Canada, 52
l}rochin 25
IBrecknock 23
l3rcmenium 10 a.
I3remensdorp 43
Brontford 23
Bridgnorth 23
Bridgetown West Imdies 53 a.
Bridgewater 23
Bridlington 23
I3rihuega, Spain. 16
Brisbane Queensland 61
IB1'istol 23
British Guiana 54
Briton 48
Broadford 25
J31'Ockville Ontario, Canada, 52
I31'oken Hill New Sowth Wales 58
I3roome West Australia, 58
T}runninburh 11 3,
I31'unei Borneo 37
I3uale Gold Coast 46
Ruckingham 23
Bulawayo Rhodesia, 41
IBulhal' Brit, Somaliland 45
Bunkor Hill 49
BurnO Brit. Somaliland 45
Burghersdorp Cape Colony 43
Burhanpur Bombay 33 a.
Burton-upon-Trent 23
Bury 23
bury St. Ldmunds 23
Bushire Persian Gulf 38
Bussa West Africa. 46
13usselton West Aw8tralia, 58
lbuxar Bengal 32 b
Cadiz 16
Cairo 41
Calabar West Africa 46
Calcari'l 10 a.
Calcutta, 35
Caledon Cape Colony 43
Caledonia Ontario, Canada, 52
Calgary lberta, 51
Calicult Madras Presidency 34
Callander 25
Callander Ontario, Canada, 52
Cullevil, 10 a.
Calvinia. Cape Colony 43
Chimbello Malaysia 36
Cnmbridge 23
Cambuskenneth 14
Camden 48
Camulodunum 10 a.
Campbell Island Pacific Ocean 63
Canadore Madras Presidency 32
Map No.
Canary Islands 41
Canton Chima 36
Canterbury 23
Canterbury New Zealand 62
Cape Coast Castle West Africa. 46
Cape of Good Hope
- Cape Colony 43
Cape Town Cape Celony 43
Cape Verde Islands 45
Carbonear Newfoundland 52 '
Cardifl - 23
Cardigan 23
Cardwell Queensland 58
Carham 12
Carleton Quebec 52.
Carlisle 23
Carlow - 27
Cal'narvon Queensland 58
Cal'nal'VOll Wales 23
Carrickfergus 27
Carrick-on-Shannon 27
Carstairs 25
Cashel 27
Castlebar 27
Castlemaine 58
Cataractonium 10 a.
Cavan 27
Cawnpore Morth-Western,
Provinces, India 33
Cayman Islands West Indies 54.
Cephalonia lomiam Isles 17
Ceylon 34
Chagos Island Indian Ocean. 5
Chall17. 13
Chanda, Central Provinces 34 .
Channel Islands 14
Chapra Presidency of Bengal 35
Charleston United States 48
Charleville 27
Charleville Queenslamd 58
Charlottetown Prince Edward
Island 50 b
Chateaugay United States 50 a.
Chatham 23
Chatham Ontario, Canada, 52
Chatham Islands Pacific Ocean 63
Chelmsford 23
Cheltenham 23 °
Chepstow 23
Chester 23
Chil) we M.E. Rhodesia, 43
Chilianwallah Punjab. Indio, 33
Chingel put Madras Presidency 33
Chingu N.E. Rhodesia, 43
Chinsurah Presidency of Bengal 32
Chiromo Nyassalamd 43
Chilton Ontario, Canada, 52
Chilton New Zealand 62
Chitral M. W. Front. Prov. 29
Christchurch New Zealand 62
Christianborg West Africa 46
Christmas Island Indian Ocean. 5
Clackmannan 25
Clarkebury Cape Colony 43
Claude Town Sarawak, 37
Clive New Zealand 62
Cloncurry Queensland 58
Clonmel 27
COchin 32
Cockburn Queensland 58
Coconadh, Madras Presidency 34
Cocos Islands Indian Ocean. 5
Xolchester 23
Coleraine 27
Colesberg Cape Colony 43
Collingwood Ontario, Canada, 52
Collingwood New Zealand 62
Concord United States 49
Condon West Aw8tralia, 58
Cootna, New South Wales 61
Corfu 16
Cornwall Ontario, Canada, 52
Cork 27
Cossack West Aw8tralia 58
Coventry & 23
Cowpens United States of
* America, 49
Cradock Cape Colony 43
Cramond 10 a.
Criefl. 25
GENERAL INDEX TO PLACE NAMES
I 3
gº Map No.
§ was ; ; Map No.
M) s
§º,...; ; # , ... * | *...". waſ "º" | J
- l adras Presi e River :* £1,111111 UI. Map N
Cunnamulla 㺠e&idency 33 Feruckab olomy 4. grºßeynet C 16 Jask Ra8.htm?r %; O.
§. weensland 58 Ferrol abad ; §. New §§ 43 Jedburgh Persian Gulf 38
UlttàCK º º +. #rah: § (LÚ.628 ºf -
§: Presidency of Bengal #3 Fºund Pacific ocean 16 gº. C *; jºy Channel Islamds #;
17 isingai Tasmania, 62 Grahamstown N ape Colony #3 Jhansi Channel Islands 2
Dabha Central Provi firózshah Ontario, Camada, # Granville New sº Zealand 62 jñº l Central India #
Bºtan zovinces 34 - I'lint 18, Punjab, India 33 Greenock owth. Wales 61 Jodhpur Baluchistan 38
#; New South Wal 10 b Flodden 23 greenwich . 25 Johannesburg ſłajputaºuat 32
#; ale8 58 Fornham 23 gº The West Indi 23 johnston j d Transvaal 43
#º. *; # Forfar 13 §..." sº." #; # sland Pacific Ocean 4
# * *i; ; £º. # |# *; # Kabul
Dambu ombay 32 Yany Greytown ev Zealand 62 Kauiri Afghani
IDamietta. Sudan 41 ,, Alexander 48 Gundel Natal 43 Yaſuri Madra ſº 29
Darling Do lºgypt 41 92 Augusta, 50 b Griqui §: West Indies 54. Kaiapoi %. resideneſ 34
i)artmout WI1S Queensland 58 , Charter 48 § *own Cape Colon Kaikoura N. º Zealand, 62
#. x- 23 ,, Qhippewyan 48 § C !/ # # inited Prº *; land 62
Lenbig l Nova Scotia, 62 ,, Grevecoeur 50 b Guine: ourt House Xandah:ur ces, India 34
Denia.” l Cumber 48 ruinea West Afri 49 IKandy Afghanistan, 29
#. º - Spain. 3. . ºna 48 § “...º 46 Kano Ceylon 34
#ºn New South Wales 58 3 5 interprise 48 §. Madras prºft : † }} *::: rica. 46
Dera Queensland 58 2 3 #. e 50 b Gwalior Baluchistan 38 †: Madras pº 34
; Pwnjab 34 3 * #. 50 2, Gwelo Central India 34 #. ſº Madras f. 33
£º. West Australi 23 3 * jºin % ; Ithodesia, 43 IXash º M.J.'. § #
erby : “alia, 58 33 'y *** ºg He Cent," º
Devik Nova Scotia, ,, George b0 b st $2. Katsena ºut a 4.8%
Hºº Madras Presidency # ,, Goldie B0 b #º Bomb IXau-lun West Africa 46
Devonport 23 , , Halkett 46 ####| wbay 34 Keeling Islands Indi China, 37
##. New *::::: 62 5 y #es # #. Hill # §. l liam Ocean. 5
irk Hartog Island wnjab 34 , Hill Hali X ventia 25
, James 48 alifax 23 IXermadec Island * , & 23
Digby We; Aw8tralia 58 . Jameson 42 #. %; j. 52 #. slands Pacific Ocean. 63
I)inapur Presid ova Scotia, 52 33 Johnstone 43 Hi milton South Austr łes bj4. Yeswick 27
Dindigal ºf ... " of Bengal 34 ,, Latour 43 #. New %; 61 IXhapa Central Provinces 23
Dindings ;dºgs ºffidely 3% ,, Laird 48 |H *ilton Ontario, Ca and 62 Kharda inces, India 34
Dingwāli raits Settlements 37 ,, Macmur 50 b Ianover Ontari , Canada 52 Khartum Bombalſ 34
Ijiu " al, B 25 33 fºray 51 Harrismith l % º 52 §ºuntu §§ 41
Dixc omba, Necessi 48 !ge tºwer Kheis Nepal 34
Hºove West Af,º, # . Nºt 48 #º A Colony 43 §º % | 43
& º r :l I’ r i w ". twchrista:
fºr ºf #. # |# ºf |fº ; ;
iongola 27 ,, Prudhomm 51 aVelock N , 23 Khyber Pºss Afghanistan 29
Dorchester Sudam 41 3 * tºº 48 #ºy ontº, 4; 62 Kilo-chau 4Jyhaji tº 29
Douglas 23 ,, Tupert 51 #º , Canada, 52 IXibuta fº China 37
#º New South Wal 23 5 § §: #. ; #. Mº. # b IXibwezi East , ſº 43
Ownpatrick l, W (1,008 . It ights of Abrah: * * Jºº.
Bººk ; . St. É. 48 Heilbron *...º. 48 fºre Protectorate 45
indie island St. Louis 32 e 2. Uie J' Sirki 2
Hºa"ºl. # ... s. William # #;"| Čij" 43 | #. Poway 3,
#. Pacific Oceam 4 * } ś ; #. Dun # b #. #
UIIl Cl (20 25 ,, Severn tlCiti, Bu?” ºilmarnock 7
Dublin ,, Smith 50 b Hernt urma 35 Kilrush 25
Dubrae ; y Toronto 45 Herberton 4|| 29 Kimberley 27
l)umbarton 10 a. ,, Vermillion 48 Herm chaºſ. 61 King's Lynn Cape Colony 43
Fº º 25 3 * Whº § |b #º: slamdā # #. Mountain United Stat 23
Ar; § * C § - e ingst 2 AJ QU S
#ine ; Włł. #: Hºy Islands ºf , ; §§ (.. * 3:
#ºn 25 Fó William Henry § b #; #: # #. ona!!"! | 61
Tl Il RG llgére 8 Hobkirk's Hi . t Wingst º, Çanada
B." # Foxton S New Z 12 #iº, ill New Z 48 Riºn JP'est Indies ;
łº N 25 #; º; § #º ealand ; §hºle 27
urham atal 43 'aserburgh !/ Honduras, British Sinsale 25
JDurnovaria, 23 Freetown W. & 25 Honiton 54 Rirkcudbriollt 27
Durobri Fremantl est Africa 46 Hong-Kong 23 IV.irkw: g|Il
Bºu # ; iºn Wº: § 58 #;" 37 Sºul . . . .” §
DuroVernum IIl 10 a Friendly Islands É. ed States 50 a. Howick Labrador 51 IXlerksdorp Pejian Gull, 33
10 a. I'rontentic § Ocean, 63 Howick - Quebec 52 Klondike Yuko T rºstag! 43
JEastbourne vited States 48 #. Bay Company Matal 43 Kokstadt lſ, § Cºngº 51
#. London Cape Col 23 Gainsb #. § lºude, Queensland ; § olhapur "pºſſ 43
£burn c e UOt,077. Ol'Ollor riuºli •ocº - St01.7.0. Kooring 39mbat y 3
!dmonton (Alber 25 y 4. * Dºle YOWeit Persi ºgypt 41
#º (Albertº 51 Gundo W 27 23 IV ranganur ersian Gulf 38
Iºlandsf y Ganjum Presi est Africa. 46 Rtoonst; e ºf . $ 33
# ºtein Tre. # b § ...! %. al. 34. #ºn West § ange Riº r Colony 43
£lorin wdam. wilgarh ceS 34 dolo est Afri Xuch Behar ransvaal 4
ići Ratif sº # Gayndah Qwe Berar 34 Ilorin Hest 4; #; 1 Behill Presidency of 3
Ellice Islands Persian Gulf 38 Georgia, South South º; 58 Indore West Africa 46 Kudat Bengal 34
#ºur Madr#º,3. 63 §::::::::: West ; s: # nvercargill º India. 34 #. kn West º: 37
£lmina, 'esidency 34 rºtown Prince # # 4. nveraray A'ew Zealand 62 Yuunasi est Africa. 46
I}l Obeid West Africa. 46 I dward Inverness 25 IXunduz. West Africa 46
IEl Sudan, Georgetown . sland 51 In Ruria. Muria. Is Afghttimistan,
#held ; §OWIl straitº ; #. Rhodesia, 3. I Iuria Islands Aragº! 38
£nni: ferağıne 7 Oni - Yur (20,
#. Orth # b Geraldton w:". Zealand 62 Hºlanº # IXy ſºu Cape Colony :
#." 27 Ghazni 4 ... ; ISnbel Isl 23 JBwrmat 35
J. Il Gheriah e fghanistan, I Sla, Ilds Pacific Ocea
rmelo Th" 27 G Presidency of B 29 Sandlhant, eam, 63
Iºrnakolam sº Colony 43 §: Islands Pacific 3. al 35 Isch Matal 43 Inbuan
Hºwe 7'08 Pres; 34 § Ra8.htmir, #. § #: Silurum 10 a. Hºnd Orange River Fº 37
£Sna, atal 43 slay 10 a. a colle - ºver Colony 43
Iºspiritu Sa * Egypt 41 Gisborne ſe 25 Isle do St 25 Ladysmith Quebec 52
lºstcourt nto United States 48 gº Sowth Aſºº 58 Ispahan Jean 48 Lagos l }}" Natal 46
#ºn British Coli.§ 43 §. (Lºlº, ;: łº Persia, 29 #. hore pºff % º: 43
U1C18), - to 51 g Wory C r l Jamu East African Prote india, 3
#. Springs West Aw8tralia 58 gº British Columbia, ; y Coast West Africa # 8, #: African Protectorate §
Wesl tº tl, Il C:\SU(ºl' e
#ºn # gººsester 10 a. Jacobsdal Hº. 9|| Canada. §
#ºr Ontario, Canad 23 §onda Bombay ; Jaipur al Orange River Colony 43 Fº €70) Brºº 52
Wre - Sowth %; § Gold Const #º. § ºnal Aft; 32 aswari North restº: 17
* €8 & - •l ill Il * * , Q.' incºiſ. "
Gondokoro $º. # #ion #; ; #. vinces, India, 33
!
Jamestown # º N Tºmºniq ;
8 Leamington ew Zealand 62
23
*
I 4
Map No.
le Boeuf 48
Leeds 23
I,eeds Quebec 52
I,eghorn Italy 17
Leicester 23
Lethbridge Alberta, 51
Letocetum 10
Ilewes 23
Lexington United States 49
Leyburn Queensland 58
Leydsdorp Transvaal 43
Lhasa. Tibet 35
Lichtenburg Transvaal 43
Lilnerick 27
Lincoln 23
I, indisfarne 10 b
Lindsay Ontario, Canada 52
I, indu in 10 a.
I.inja Persian Gulf 38
Linlithgow 25
Lisburn 27
Lisunore 27
Liverpool 23
Liverpool
Liverpool
Living stonia
Nova Scotia, 52
New South Wales 58
I}ritish Central
Africa, 43
I, l'uid;1 ff 23
J.okoj”, West Africa 46
London 23
J,011tlon Ontario, Canada 52
Londonderry 27
I longford 27
Lora Afghanistan, 29
Lord Howe Island Pacific
Ocean 63
Lough ren 27
I,0uisburg Nova Scotia, 52
I,0uisian:h.
Low ('stoft, 23
J,Shri Baluch istan, 38
I , 11 ("k 11 OW Oudh 34
I, nº low 23
l, ugu vallium
I, undy's L'ine
I, unenburg
Lurº; an
Lytic ill, urºr
Ly intº Itºis
Ly in in 2 ton
Lyall jºur
Lyttº-lton
50
Nova Scotia, 52
2
Transvaal 43
23
Punjab 34
New Zealat nd 62
Lytton Queenslatnd 58
MI:l (‘ao China, 36
YI:1 (::) -S 1 r Matſa usia. 36
Mick: y Queensland 58
M:1e-111:1 rio Harbour T'as mania 58
MI'l cºlu tric Island Pacific Ocean 4
\{ i da 11:11):ll li Madras Presidency 34
VI:1 () ("ir:l 41
YI:11; J’; S
\{:lt i ul Ir:l
M;1 folk ill ºf
Aſaharajpur
34
Malaysia, 36
Bech iſ a ſuſt/and 43
United /’rovinces,
India. 4.
M-1 li (, M (tal rats 1’,‘esidency 34
Yſ ºr it is! ( ) 11:
MI'lit l;l II (l
\ſ:, it 1:1 11t
Maiw:l 11 |
Majorca
M:l k'all:1
M : klutsi
Mill:10 (;1
M:t 1:1 lit.
\I'll div (; Isl:l 11, is
M:I (lo II
23
..Yew, South Watſex 61
,Soſa // A its!, a liſt 61
Afgha mistan 29
1
7
A rath itſ 38
/3ech iſ a nºt land 43
.Stºtt if & Settle ºne in 18 37
J'unjab 34
India ru Ocean 4
M:l lini i J'ax! A frican,
Protectorate 45
Mall:lig 2
\{ i ! ! ( ) W. 27
\ſ;1} f :1 17
M;1 ly;4] li Maſhore 34
\ſ;1} V (, ; 11 3
2
Maua hiki Islands Pacific Ocean 63
\ſ;1 it tº Ji (; ~t “I’
M : i , , , ; l'u ('eſt frºm / / / dirt. 34
M : it ºral, ºr, Madrat 8 Preside ucuſ 34
\{ i Ilij || 1 J’h lippi ſuch 37
M 1 mi), ur A swat wº. 35
VI IIf i <
12
Martinique West / ridies 54
Wſ try 1,01'ou, ſh
\! I -1. Tſit'll
M 1-11] iſ a til in Madran Presidency 34
Yſ at t k:1 11:1 ..We uſ Zett/ſt ºut 62
M.It jº-fontein Cape ('ulon iſ 43
M:111 it iſ “ini JJ tº ruſt 35
Ma upºrt in 18
M il rit; it-
May 11, 10th
May town
14
India ru (Jeet n 5
27
Queensland 58
10 a.
27
10 b
GENERAL INDEX TO PLACE NAMES
Map No.
Melbourne Wictoria, 61
Melinde Fast African
Protectorate 45
Melrose 25
Melton Mowbray Tasmania 62
Merthyr Tydfil 23
Merton 23
Merv Central Asia, 29
Merwar Rajputama 34
Mhow Central India. 34
Middleburg Cape Colony 43
Middlesborough 23
Middleton 27
Middleton Ontario, Canada, 52
Mildura, Victoria, 61
Milford Hnven 23
Miquelon Island Newfoundland 52
Mirabel 13
Miri Baluchistan 38
Mitchelstown 27
Moffilt, 25
Mold 23
Moltono Cape Colony 43
Mombasa Past African
Protectorate 45
Mona 10 a.
Moncton New Brunswick, 52
Monda Central Provinces, India 34
Monmouth 23
Montgomery 23
Montren] Quebec 52
Montrose 25
Morpeth 23
Mortinner's Cross 23
Mosquito Const Hondura & 53
Mossel Bay Cape Colony 43
Mponda Jºast African
Protectorate 45
Muldlki Punjab 33
Mull, Island of 25
Mullingar 27
Murraysburg Cape Coloniy 43
Muscat, 1’ersian Gulf 38
Mussooree United Provinces,
India. 34
Muttra, Oman 38
Nans 27
Ningpur Central Provinces, India. 34
Nili Il 50 b
N:lini 'I'll United Provinces,
India. 34
Nail'll 25
Nilingtºl, N. W. Rhodesia, 43
Naucowry Micobar Islands 35
Napier New Zealand 62
Naseby 23
Nogalpatºlin & 32
Nellorø Madras Presidency 34
Nelson New Zealand 62
Nelson, Cape Victoria, 58
Neville's Cross 14
Newark United States of America 50 a.
No Wark
New Amsterdam British Gwiama 54
Now lyridge
No WCastlo
Newcast le
Now castle
Newcastle
New Hol) l'id (28
New South Wales
Nat (tl
New Zealand
Pacific Ocean,
Ne W Norfolk Tasmania
New Plymouth Tasmania,
Newport
New Orleans United States
Newry
N (; W 18088
News1 (ºld
New Westminster
No W York United State&
Ng:10 East Africant Protectorate
Niagara,
Nicosiń. Clſprus
N in lyi S. Nigeriſt
Nootka Sound JBritish Columbia,
Norfolk Island Pacific Oceam
Norli:lin
Nortii:uilton
Nortli:illerton
Northa in pton
Nortlı Shitºl(lH
Nor why I House Reewatºm,
Norwich
Nova Scotia,
Nushki Baluchistan,
Nylstroom Transvaal Colony
Onnaru New Zealand
( )}}}l Il
()ckley -
Oglensburg United States
27
23
58
43
62
63
62
62
62
25
10 B
50 8,
Old Chitambo
Oldham
Omdurman
Onslow
Qrangeville Ontario, Canada.
Orkney Islands
Ormuz Persian Gulf
Oronsay
Oswego
Oudtshoorn Cape Colony
Owen's Spring South Australia
Oxford
Sudan
Oxford House IZeewatim.
Pagan Purma,
l’ahning Straits Settlements
Paisley
Palach We Bechuamaland
Palmerston South Aw8tralia.
Palmerston New Zealand
Palmyra Pacific Ocean
Panipat North-Western Pro-
vimces, India,
Pankor Straits Settlements
Parramatta New Sowth Wales
I’arrsborough JNova Scotia,
Parsonstown
Patan Bombay
Patani Malaysia
Patay
Putihla, Punjab
1°ntun Bengal, Imdia.
IPn. No Ionian Islands
PoebloS
Pegu Burma.
Pellº, Cape Colony
Pemaquid
Polnbroke
Pembroke Ontario, Canada,
IPenang Straits Settlements
Pensacola,
I’en to cost I. New Hebrides
Penzance
Polºnk Straits Settlements
T^erth
Perth Ontario, Canada
Perth West Australia.
Peterborough
Poterhoºd
Philadelphia, -
Phoenix Islands Pacific Ocean
Picton New Zealand
Pietermaritzburg Natal
Pietersburg Transvaal
Pine Creck Queensland
Pippli Presidency of Bengal
Pitcairn Island 1’animota Is.
PitSºuni J3echwamaland
Pittsburg United States
IPlacontin. Newfoundland
Plussey Presidency of Bengal
Plattsburg
IPlymouth
I’ly inouth United States
Poitier8
Polilur Madras Presidency
IPontlicherry Madras Presidency
IPO118 AFlii
IPO into fruct
P()011:1.
POl'tildo Will
Portarlington
Polt. Augusta,
Port, Ibliljr
Port Clull mel's
Bombay
South Australia,
A mudſtºn ans
Mew Zealand
|Port Curtis Queenslamd
Port Darwin Australia,
Port Denison Queensland
l'ort lºlizabeth Cape Colony
Port lºlliott South Australia.
Port lºssington South Australia.
I’ort Hunter New South Wales
I’ortland
1°01'tland Maine
Port, Louis Mawritius
I’ort Macquarie JYew South
Wales
POl't Millhon Mimorca,
Nova Scotia,
Central Amnerica,
I’olºt, Mulgrave
I’Ol't') ISøllo
l'ortput.rick
I’ort of Spain West Indies
POl't'ro ()
Port Roper South Australia
Port Royal }}'est Indies
l’ort Sºlid Byypt
Portsnouth
Potchofstroom Th'ams vaſt!
I’owoll's Crook South Australiſt
I’I'CŞcott Ontario, Canada.
|Proston
Protol'in. T'n'cºnstract!
Priaman Malaysia,
Ma
M.E. Rhodesia,
Strutoga
United States of
Alºne,'ica,
Map No.
Prioskſ, Cape Colony 43
Prince Albert JFranklin 51
Prome - Bºtºma 84
Providenco 48
Pudukattai Madras Presidency 34
Punakha, Bhutan. 35.
Puniar Central India, 33
l?urulia Presidency of Bengal 35
Appelle A88imiboia, #
Charlotte Islands 4.
43
27
JNew Zealand 62
Cape Colony 43
Baluchistan, 29
Tabba, West Africa 46
Radnor 23
Rajkot Bombay 34
Ramnagar United Provinces,
• Imdia 34
Rampur United Provinces,
'ndia 34
Ramsgate 23
IRanchi Presidency of Bengal 35
Itangiora JNew Zealand 62
Tangoon Burma, 35
Iłas-el-Hadd Oman, 38
Ra8 ITartak Arabia, 38
Tatao 10 8,
Rawal Pindi Punjab 34
Reading 23
Redcar 23
Reginn, Saskatchewan, 51
Regnum 10 8,
Renfrew 25
RøInnCS 14
Richibucto Mew Brunswick; 52
Richmond 23
Richmond New Sowth Wales 61
Rimouski Quebec 52
Tingarooma Tasmania, 62
IRiverton New Zealand 62
Roanoke Island United States 49
Iłochdale 23
IROChest(ºr 23
IRomania, Chpe Malaysia, 37
ROScolm mon 27
Rſ)Seil'C8 Iºgypt 45
lºosettn, lºgypt 45
IROSS 23
Tºotherhſunm 23
Hotheshy 25
Iłotumah Island Pacific Ocean, 63
Toxburg h 25
Tºoebourne West Australia, 60
Royal Company Islands 4.
Rugby 23
Rullion Green 25
lºupert House 50 b
Iłupert's Lºnd . 48
Turki United Provinces, India. 34
IRussell New Zealand 62
IRutupine 10 a.
T{yde 23
Rye - 23
Sabaki JEast Africam Pro-
tecto)'ate 45
Sackett's Harbour United,
States of America 50 a.
Sagaing Burma, 35
Sagar Central Provinces,
India, - 34.
Saidapet Madras Presidency 34
St. Albans 23
St. Andrew's 25
St. Anne Aldermey 12
St. Davids 23
St. Helona, 41
St. Helior Jersey 12
St. Ives 25
St. John New Brumswick, 52
St. John's Newfoundland 52
St. John's Quebec 52
St. Ritts West Indie8 54
Saldaulia Bay Cape Colomºſ 43
Sillo Victo)'ia, 61
Salem Madras Presidency 34
Salford 23
Salisbury 23
Salisbury JMontana, 43
Sillsette Bombay 34
$ºltcoats 27
Stularkand Central Asia, 29
Samoan Islands Pacific Oceam 63
Sandwich Islands J’acific Ocean, 63
49

Map No.
§ſurūWak Borneo 37
Sark Channel Islamda 12
Snturil Bombay 34
Sault Ste. Marjo 48
Savannah United States of
America, 49
Scarborough 23
Scarborough West Indie8 54
Scarsdale - Natal 61
Schenectady United States 49
Scilly Islands 23
SCOn9 25
Seaford 23.
Sedgemoor 23
Selangor Straits Settlements 36
Selby 23
Selkirk 25
Selkirk Manitoba, B1
Sennan r Sudan 45
Seringapatam Madras Presi-
ency
Seychellos Islands Indian,
Ocean 4
Shaikh Othman Arabia, 38
Shanghai Chima. 37
Shanklin 23
Shark Bay West Aw8tralia, 59
Sheerness 25
Sheffield 23
Shēlbourne Mato. 61
Shelburne Nova Scotia, 52
Sheriffmuir 25
Shetland Islands 25
Sholinghar Madras Presidency 34
Shrewsbury 23
Sialkot Punjab, India. 34
Sierra Leone est Africa 46
Silverton New South Wales 61
Simcoe Ontario, Canada 52
Simla, Punjab, India, 34
Singapore Straits Settlements 37
Sitk: Alaska 51
Sit-taung JBurma 34
Skerrioš 27
Skibbereen 27
Skye, Isle of 25
Slave Const West Africa. 42
Sligo - 27
Sobra. On Pwnjab 33
Sokoto West Africa. 46
Solomon Islands Pacific Oceam 63
Solway Moss 14
Somnath Bombay 34
Southampton 23
South WOld 23
Spanish Main, The 53
Spanish Town West Indie8 54
Srinagar I(0.8htmºr 29
Stafford 23
Stamford Bridge 12
GENERAL INDEX To PLACE NAMEs
Map No.
Stanley Victoria, 61
Stanley Ta&mnania, 62
Stanley Falklands 54
Stellonbosch Cape Colony 43
Stewart Island New Zealand 62
Stirling 25
Stockport 25
Stoke-upon-Trent 23
Stonehaven 25
Stormberg Cape Colony 43
Stornoway 25
Stranraer 25
Stratford-upon-Avon 23
Strome Ferry 25
Suakin Sudan 45
Suez Egypt 45
Sukadana Borneo 37
Surat Bombay 34
Swansea 25
Swindon 25
Sydney New South Wales 61
Sydney Cape Breton 52
Tadoussnc 48
ThInvorth 23
Tamworth New South Waleg 58
Tangier 17
Tanjore Madras Presidency 33
Tantalium Malaysia, 37
Tashkend Central A8ia 29
Tasp Baluchistam, 38
Tilti Matabeleland 43
Thrbert 25
Thungs Bechuamaland 43
Taunton 23
Tauranga New Zealand 62
Tal Vetº, East African Protec-
torate 45
Tawao Borneo 37
Teheran Persia, 29
Telegraph Creek
British Columbia, 51
Tel-el-Kebir Egypt 45
Tellicherry Madras Presidency 33
Templemore 25
Tenasserim Burma 35
Tennant's Creek
South Australia, 58
Tettenhall 11 a.
Tewkesbury 23
Thames New Zealand 62
Threo Rivers 48
Thurles 27
Ticonderoga 48
Tinchebrai 14
Tipperary 27
Tokar Sudam. 45
Toulon 16
Townsville Queensland 61
Map No
Towton 23
Trilleo 27
Tranquebar Madrag 32
Trentoſ, United States 49
Trim 27
Trillcomalee Ceylon 33
Trillidad 54
Tristan da Cunha, 4.
Truro 23
Trull'O Nova Scotia, 52
Tumilm 27
Tullamore 27
Ulundi Matal 43
Umtali Natal 43
IJnwindale 43
Upington Bechuamaland 43
Utrecht Transvaal 41
Val-es-Dunes 12
Valential Island 27
Valettº, 17
Vallum Antonini 10 a.
Vail couver British Columbia 50 b
Vanun Levu Fiji 63
Van Rhynsdorp Cape Colony 43
Vectis 10 a.
Vellore Madras Presidency 33
Venta Icenorum 10 a.
Venta Belgarum 10 a.
Ventnor 23
Verneuil 14
Verulamium 10 a.
Victoria, I'llls Rhodesia 43
Vinegar Hill 27
Vinovia, 10 a.
Virconium 10 a.
Viti Levu Fiji 63
Vitu East Africam Protectorate 45
Vizagapataill 32
Vryburg Bechuanaland 43
Vryheid Natal 43
Wadelni East African
Protectorate 45
Wady Halfa Egypt 45
Willil'Oh, New Zealand 62
Waith l'ºl, New Zealand 62
WilkkerStroom 43
Wilkefield 23
Willkefield New Zealand 62
Walfish Bay Cape Colony 43
Willlarroo South Australia, 58
Wallingford 23
Walldowash Madras 32
Wanga East African Protec-
*.. toº'ate 45
Map No.
W 111ºlni New Zealand 62
W 111kies Rhodesia, 43
Wantage 23
Will'kworth 23
Warwick 23
Warwick Quebec 52
Wºlter'fort] 27
Wodmore 10 b
Wei-hmi-Wei Chºna, 37
Welling horough 23
Wellington New Zealand 62
Wellington New South Wales 61
Wepener Orange River Colony 43
Western Port Victoria, 59 a.
Wexfort | 27
Weymouth 23
Whitby 23
Wick 25
Wicklow 27
Wigan 23
Wight, Isle of 23
Wigtown 25
Wilmington 48
Wiltoll 10 b
Winburg Orange River Colony 43
Winchester 23
Windsor 23
Windsor Ontario, Canada, 52
Winton Queensland 58
Wolverhampton 23
Woodstock 23
Woodstock New Brunswick; 52
Wurno West Africa 46
Wurren up New South Wales 58
Wyndhaul New South Wales 58
Yille 51
Yanºmon Madras Presidency 32
Yarkand Central Asia. 29
Yarmouth 23
Yarmouth Nova Scotia, 52
Yolº, West Africa 46
York 23
York 51
Yorktown United States of
A merica 49
Youghal 27
Zºln to Ionian Isles 17
Znnzi)):ur East African Pro-
tectorate 45
Zeehan Tasmania. 62
Zeerust Transpartl 43
Zimbabye Rhodesia 43
Zomba Portuguese I'', Africa 43
Zunger'll Migeria 46
ZWelleudºllah Cape Colony 43
I 5
THE BRITISH EMPIRE BIBLIOGRAPHY
HISTORICAL AND MODERN
General Bibliographies will be found in O. P. Austin, “Colonial Adminis-
tration, 1800-1900" (Bureau of Statistics, Washington): A. Ireland,
Tropical Colonisation. See also the catalogue of the Library of the Royal
Geographical Society.
ATLASES. A. IIISTORICAL. “The Clarendon Press Historical Atlas"
(ed. It. L. Poole); Colbeck, C., “School Atlas of English History";
Droysen, G., “Allgemciner Historischer Hand-Atlas"; Gardiner, S. R.,
'''School Atlas of English History"; Labberton, It. II., “Historical Atlas
and General History"; Longnon, M. A., “Atlas Historique de la
France"; Putzger, “Historischer Schul-atlas”; Iteich, E., “Student's
Atlas of English History"; Schrader, F., “Atlas de Géographie His-
torique"; spruner-Menke, “Hand-Atlas für die Geschichte"; Vidal
Labiache, “Atlas d'Histoire et de Géographie.” B. GENEItAL. Bartholo-
mew, J. G., “The Citizen's Atlas"; Stieler, “Hand Atlas."
AUTHORITIES. A. GENERAL. IEartholomew, J. G., “Gazetteer of the
British Isles" (with maps); Chisholm, G. G., “Handbook of Commercial
Geography"; Dawson, C. G., “The St. Lawrence Basin"; Dilke, C.,
“Problems of Greater Britain"; Egerton, HI. E., “A Short History of
British Colonial Policy”; “The Origin and Growth of the English Colonies";
Freeman, E. A., “Historical Geography of Europe" (with I vol. maps);
George, H. B., “A Historical Geography of the British Empire"; “Geo-
graphy and History"; Greswell, W. P., “Outlines of British Colonisa-
tion”; iiuxley, T. H., “Physiography"; Keith Johnston, “Physical,
Historical, Political, and Descriptive Geography”; Keltie, J. S., “Geo-
graphical Education"; Leroy-Beaulieu, P., “De la Colonisation chez les
ſ’euples Modernes"; Lucas, C. P., “Historical Geography of the British
Colonies"; Mackinder, II. J., “Britain and the British Seas"; Herman
Merivale, “Lectures on Colonisation”; Mill, II. It., “International
Geography”; Parkin, G. It., “Imperial Federation"; Itamsay, A.,
“Physical Geography of Great Britain"; Itéclus, J. J. E., “Nouvelle
Géographie Universelle"; Iteinsch, P. S., “Colonial Government";
IRobinson, II. T., “Colonial Chronology"; Seeley, J. R., “The Ex-
pansion of England"; “The Growth of British Policy"; stokvis, E.,
• ‘Manuel de l’Histoire et de Génealogie"; Suess, E., “Das Antlitz der
Erde"; Tarr, It. S., “I’lementary Physical Geography"; Wallace,
A. R., “The Geographical Distribution of Animals"; The Statesman's
year-/ſook (ed. J. S. Keltie); The Colonial Office List ; The India Office
List, The Foreign Office List; The Year-Books of the several colonies.
/3. AMEIriCA (Biritish). Ikeazeley, C. R., “John and Sebastian Cabot";
Itourinot, S. E., “Canada under British Rule"; IBradley, A. G.,
Canada in the Twentieth Century"; Bryce, G., “The Hudson Bay
Company"; Dickson, S. E., “North America"; Doyle, J. A., “The
English in America"; Greswell, w. P., “Geography of the Dominion of
Canada”; “A Short History of Canada"; Markham, A. H., “Franklin
and the North-West Passage"; Markham, C. It., “John Davis, the
Navigator”; Parkman, F., “Historical Works” (14 vols.); Pilot, W.,
“The Geography of Newfoundland"; Itussell, H. C., “North America";
wingor, P., " Cartier to Frontenac.”; “The English and French in North
America, 1689-1763." -
I6
C. ASIA. BitTISH INDIA AND THIE NEAR AND MIDDLE EAST.
Administration Reports of the Persian Gulf Political Residency. Bartholo-
mew, J. G., “Hand Atlas of India"; Chirol, W., “The Middle Eastern
Question"; Clifford, H., “Farther India; " Curzon, Lord, “Russia in
Central Asia”; “Persia and the Persian Question”; Gardiner, J. S.,
“The Fauna and Geography of the Maldive and Laccadive Islands";
Hogarth, D. G., “The Nearer East”; Iſoldich, Sir T., “The Indián
Borderland”; “India” (Regions of the World); IIunter, W. W., “Im-
perial Gazetteer”; “The Indian Empire”; Innes, A. D., “Short History
of British India"; Keane, A. H., “Asia"; Lyall, A., “The Rise of
British Dominion in India"; Sicvers, “Asien"; Smith, G., “Student's
Geography of British India"; Statistical Atlas of India.
The FAlt EAST. Beineid, II. C., “Handbook of the Federated Malay
States”; Birdwood, G., “Report on the Old Records of the India Office”;
Curzon, Lord, “Problems of the Far East”; Douglas, lt. K., “Europe
and the Far East"; Aſandbook to British North Borneo, Keane, A. H.,
“An Eastern Geography"; Irichthofen, F. von, “China"; Sievers, W.,
and Wallace, A. It., “The Malay Archipelago."
D. AUSTRALIA AND THE PACIFIC. Barton, C. H., “Outlines of
Australian Physiography”; Favence, E., “The History of Australian
Exploration"; Gordon and Gotch, “Australian Handbook"; Guille-
mard, F. H., “Malaysia and Pacific Archipelagoes”; “Magellan";
Jenks, E., “A History of the Australian Colonies”; Mochstetter, F. von,
“New Zealand" (translated by E. Sauter); Itankin, G., “The Federal
Geography of British Australasia"; Iteeves, W. P., “The Long White
Cloud"; “A History of New Zealand"; Sievers, W., “Australien und
Ozeanien”; Thynne, R., “The Story of Australian Exploration”;
Thomson, J. P., “British New Guinea”; “The Physical Geography of
Australia” (Smithsonian Report); Wallace, A. lt., “Australia and New
Zealand.”
F. AFRICA (British Possessions in). Brown, W. II., “Africa and its
Explorers"; Greswell, W. P., “Geography of Africa South of the
Zambesi"; Eliot, C., “The East African Protectorate"; Hertslet, E.,
“The Map of Africa by Treaty"; Johnston, II. II., “History of the
Colonisation of Africa”; “The Uganda Protectorate”; “Livingstone and
Central Africa"; “The Nile Quest”; “British Central Africa"; Keane,
A. II., “Africa"; Keltle, J. S., “The Partition of Africa"; Lugard, F.,
“The Rise of our East African Empire"; Marden, MI., “The Geography
of Egypt and the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan”; Milner, Wiscount, “England
in Egypt”; Mockler-Ferryman, “Imperial Africa"; Itankin, G., “The
Zambesi Basin”; Theal, G. M., “History of South Africa"; Thomson, J.,
“Mungo Park and the Niger"; Wingate, Sir It., “England, Egypt, and
the Sudan."
F THIE WEST INDIES. IBryan Edwards, “History of the British
Colonies in the West Indies”; Mill, It. J., “The Geology and Physical
Geography of Jamaica"; Gibbs, J. It, “British Honduras"; Mark-
ham, C. lt., "Christopher Columbus”; lºodway, J., “The West Indies
and the Spanish Main."
Countries of THE BRITISH EMPIRE DRAWN ON A UNIFORM SCALE OF AREA
FALKLAND NIGERIA
ISLANDS
BRITISH GAMBIA ASHANTI
GUIANA
SIERRA LEONE GOLD COAST
BRITISH JAMAICA WEST INDIES
HONDURAS º, .
- **
º
-
.."
-
º
wº-
CYPRUS
º
ADEN & SOMALLAND
T
BAHAMAS MAURITIUS
ºx.
*, T.--
-
DRAWN ON A UNIFORM SCALE ACCORDING
WHITE POPULATION
BRITISH ISLES 42 millions
NOTE-In this Diagram South, Africa is drawn about 1/40th
the size of the British Isles, because the White Population or
South Africa is about 1/40th of the population of the British Isles.
ºlº
Countries of the British Empire
º,
CANADA 5 millions -
º - * *
ºvº -
TO THEIR BRITISH NEw Guinea.
AUSTRALIA
3 millions
SOUTH AFRICA
1 million
|
NEW ZEALAND
3 million
EGYPT AND
BRITISH EAST AFRICA
HONG-KONG AND
WEL-HA-WE.
* >>
BRITISH
NonTH Boºgo
STRAITS
SETTLEMENTS
SOLOMON. ISLANDS
-
Sº
* º
-
- -
NEW ZEALAND
-
TASM.A.N.A















, ,
C T c |
*
*Bahamas. A r 1 A M T c
º, -
------ *
|
º
º -
-º-º-
- º
operl
---
".
º,
lºan
---
THE BRITISH EMPIRE, 1603 |.
The British Possessions coloured Red.
ºn w d , a w
º - - -
º,
*\
| labrador
-1.
*AMºA.
º
THE BRITISH EMPIRE, 1713 -
The Bºuah possessions coloured Red.
º
Jºhn ºn-tº.




































* -
º -
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-
| | | || V.
THE BRITISH EMPIRE, 1763..
The British Possessions coloured Red.
tºurs
nd º
| T L ºf
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--
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|-º-º-º-º:
-
- - - -
THE BRITISH EMPIRE, 1837 lº
The British Possessions coloured Red. y^
| | | | | |
º º -- :* : * :
| - - --------
Fº ºa lin.
Lºo Lºo -- 120 lºo º do -- --
V
-
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loo ---
-º-º-











































THE BRITISH
- -
* night 160 abºut 100 * . 120 100 MoRNING 80 60 40
a. *. to East - I II III º II
º - *- -
-
ºnate.
ſ New Siberia
(º tº
*
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onahn
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an 1. - º, -
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* *
British Possessions Dark Red spheres or INFLuence Light RED
Principal Routes of British Commerce
British naval and coaling stations º
Railways
Telegraph Cables -
Caravan Routes
other British Coaling ports (Partially defended) a principal Exports shown thus doºm.a.
Foreign coaling stations ºr Distances are given in nautical miles
Numerals at top of Map show Time of Dau in different parts of the World when woon at Greenwich
__ --
- l
:: :"...o: :
-
logota VENT
andbahawen
º:
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in-
-
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Diamond's
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| EMPIRE, 1905.
- - - To º Tºº
| 20 MID-DAY.
| X. º XI I
º danaº.
º ºn ºrchartºº
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-
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-- 20 o 20 -)
THE WORLD.
º
20
-
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|BATHY-0
-
Rographical features
-
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… … .º-
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bo lºº
1-0
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-
- - -
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- - - - -
now to landsurface characteristics
ºurorºvnº, I loºr stºppe L nºw
- “ºfº” [ ] sº [-]wountain noraayº - -
- cºa- ºr- —º. nºrt- lº WEGETATION FEATURES
- - - . . . .
. : -- º -- - -- o -- --- º a- I- 1-2- 1-
-- - -























THE WORLD
--
MEAN ANNUAL
TEMPERATURE
Regions with Temperature below 32°Fahr coloured Blue.
NS
--
- -
W. 0 CEA
-
-
REFERENCE to Rainfall. Colouring -- 2."
ºne than to inches rººm so to 75-inches º MEAN ANNUAL RAINFALL ºl- ºr -tºrs
from low as More than 75 ^ WITH LIMITS OF SNOW FALL
- 25 to 50 -- The figures indicate the amount of rainfall in inches -
1. . _ 1. - . - l - ºpposed Antakotie C
lºº --- 100. ". * * * … ºld _* ": : ..."? -- 3. :* 1-0
The Edinburgh Gºgºl nºte ". .” -, - . - " -Tº-F





º
- - - -
1. Nº I.A.
-
W 0 (; E.A.
tropic of
cºrneº,
- + -
ºf
| | < |
Uninhabited Regions
Less than 1 person to sq.mile
From 1 to 50
- 50 to 100
density of population
100 to 200persons to
- 200 to 400
Above 400
sq milo
| -
---
---
dºn-
º * --- *
---
º
*::/ º
- -
- ---
* ---
- -
- - -
…,
-
--
º -
n--------------ºut-ºf-of-th-y-
-º-º-º-º-º-ºpen ºr -º-º-º-º-tºn in winter
--- _ - __ -
--- --- - - - - ---
- _*. -- ::::: '': " : *
- -- ------
------- - - - - -
* sº
*
\ tº re-enland
- Sea
Land º
º
--
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ra-
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º
--
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narrº. B are nºt
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* º º - ºf º' -
* * * *º-
** -
ºvº.
-
*Georgia. A-1 * ,
-- Regions at present commercially developed.
Capable of development, but as yet only partially or not at all developed.
Barren Regions incapable of material development. - - -º-, ---
. 1. I - Wike- Lºn ---
- -- º º - º º Ido 1-0 1-0
do







































































-T - TRADE OF UNITED KINGDOM.
E-
Bullion and sº º excluded from countaiºs TOTAL F.OR
Import and Export Values.
Both diagrams are drawn to the same scale.
* possessions, *losºs
º
90.
c. 3.
# 3
2. - Sº
- 2. § gº
| y - º
* * § -
| £3. º
2. 3
| º
-
£152,390,000 2274,864,000 || 2370,083,000 || 2390,019,000 || 3408,345,000 || 3528,391,000 £349,239,000 £273,786,000 || 4:295,968,000
- £297.850,000 £212,657,000 £115,821,000
IMPORTS, COMPARATIVE DIAGRAM_ - - _EXPORTS, CoMPARATIVE DIAGRAM
tº Laº-º-º-º-te-II* - - -

















-|-
||
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|ºttaeſºng
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|ſaepemaidns uaequunnion ºsz-soº |
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||
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os dº dºor ： º.
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erosu， w po suºmeđumºn se-s.
-uoniae saenae lº
meae surumos， ka memua jo tsºmbuoto sº 'o'，
·m·s−ºo smunt jo suonipaedrº -c-s： orº
Aueu, uns reoſºolououuo
| 1



EMPIRE OF WESSEX.
- - o 2
15 10. 5.
EMPIRE OF CANUTE.
10.
15
Chronological Summary
371-99 Reign of King Alfred.
886 Treaty of Chippenham ºwed more).
907-40. Recovery of the Danelagh.
912 Foundation of Normandy.
924 Supremacy of Dore.
945 Conquest of Strathclyde.
959–75 Final Supremacy of Wessex.
Reign of King Edgar.
- -
960-88 Dunstan, Archbishop of Canterbury.
Jºe Lase Lothian to King of Scots as an English fief.
- - º -
- º I
English Miles
2. * In 20 +0. Fo
* /
“If S T R L. A
N *...*.*. from 913
-º-º-º-º-º-º-
The Five Boroughs underlined Red
T
English Dominions coloured red
Chronological Summary
Tol-1016 Treaty of Alney.
1015-35 Canute, King of England.
1015-35 -- ... Denmark.
1028-35
1018. Earldom of Wessex (Godwin
Norway.
- I
English Miles
loo -->
º -o-
-- -- º
1031 Lothian ceded as a fief to Malcolm of sºland- - º
1042 End of Danish royal line in England. - -
-
|
5. -
- T.
|->
- RC:
- 70
---------





















BRITAIN AFTER NORMAN CONQUEST.
+ 2 o 2. 1.
T º T
REFERENCE TO COLOURING
T Possessions of William I.
Dominions dependent on William I. -
Possessions of the King of France º
- -
- |-| Dominions dependent on the King of France
- - ºn- *- - -
º ſ A. N Chronological Summary
I A N- º …
- S C GNT I. A N Morºcopawa dunnam 1031 Lothian ceded to King of Scots
º - º alºndarane 1066-87 Normandy united with English Crown
2. ſº "ºom” 1092 Cumberland added to England
- º ſer w/º: - º: A wº- Togº-97 -
- -ººººº- 1100-6 ). Normandy separated from English Crown,
2. º 1135-54
\ º / º º- * Aco Pau or punham
G. A lºt ow;A Y sº
Carfare º
5) º
}. (º, Nº.
- - narrº
- º -
!)
- º & - - _- 54
7 --~ Nº. º N. Rºon _-
*Tº .
2.
sº -- - Ó
ºm. *ATINE ENRLDo
-º-º-, -º -
crºsten º 2
N E D D º - -
- º
º .
º º º
& lo eaſilt Jºhn - -
- or º
º - º
--
º" º - ºr " - *|52
- - º - - -
º - * - º * * Tº " - º -
*a* dº v. E. D. º: - § º 2-sº
- º!oxrdap ºº ºs Eſºx - Q º
- ren - ** - es's 22
º *. %. - Mºon” CŞe º º
- º - -
º º Mºſſº º º º | -
* be nº- º ſº-
- " - º
- - … º -
L. Tº s SURREY *** ** º --~~
- Low- º
- sº ºwn - ad.…” ---
Yº/ ..., x -º - ſº:
ºnº -s U S 5DE X -- tº 0
----------- lº º Mac - Cotill tº Y - Y
º, tº I-ſ ºr ** -º-º-º-º: -
º £º weaea. ($
º, "ºs lander s
Lof Wight 7 S
& s --~~
º
º - - 50
- - # -
& 8
* -
- º' Yºº
*** ºa,º
Channel -
Islands aſ tºy Bºyeurº
*Nº, ºaan,
contanº-
º narº.
* NK Q RA
ºw/. n º º
- 40
Bourbonnais
- Auvergne
ºr i : * – - --
* 7.- ". ." - - - Jºhn Banholm-º.










































ANGEVIN EMPIRE, 1189 A.D.
º
4. 2 o 2 --
- T T
Chronological Summary
1154 Normandy, Maine, Anjou, Aquitaine united to English Crown
1158 Nantes. 1160 Quercy 1169 Brittany
116a Anglo-Norman Settlement in Ireland
1173 Toulouse under Henry II.
Isle of Man under independent Norwegian Rulers till 1187
|
|
º
º MoM on 1A
º
w
º
Bristol Chaº-
sºvº
ºunder-
jº Hº-
-------
- ana i En S.
REFERENCE TO COLou RING
English Dominions -----
1-0 |-| English Dependencies - - - -
| - | French Dorninions - I - - - - Y -- | - -- *** * L
| | French Dependencies - *
|
|
English Miles
* Go Tºo
Merlºan or 0 cº-h. -
Tºº-º-º-º- -- - - -















































REFERENCE TO COLOUR No.
English Dominions
- - English Dependencies
- - | French Dominions
Boundaries of Henry V.
|
|
|
|
and Henry VI in France.
an Milan
IR 1 S. H. S.
* º
Anautara-ºº:
tunnu &
º
- º
Brºwlol tº
Lundez-
ANGEVI
-
E.A.
B R T TMA NY
N EMPIRE, 1360 AD.
o º
I
Chronological Summary
1284 Final Conquest of Wales.
1301 Title of Prince of Wales created.
1828 Independence of Scotland recognised.
1860 Edward III, receives Poitou, Gascony, Guienne,
(Treaty of Bretigny),
1406 Sovereignty of Isle of Man
family (Earls of Derby
1420 Peace of Troyes (Henry V.)
1431 Henry VI, crowned King of France,
1453 English Rº". in France (except Calais)
finally lost,
!" to Stanley
1290 Isle of Man under protectorate of English Crown,
--
- it -
º ºwater. ºl
* Wºw - -
- - º º º,
- N G. Jº A N º ---
º Wow. -
--- º “º
- ºverham º ºrrºr-
--
-
(b.ford
ºw. Lº º
nymedº'
nºwº , º
*2 tº
º º -
º
- of Wight *, *tºl
N E ||
tº A N
C F *
ºarfield.
yº,
&ſ. ºny
bayºu."
N 0 R
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-
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tº 1 º' tº OW y
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BRITISH ISLES-VEGETATION.
d + 2 I - Q CONTINUATION on same scalºr.
2
sºonburgh head
English Mu-
º-º-º-º-º-º-ºo
0 ºrº-1,
-
REFERENCE TO COLOUR ING y Shetlé -
|
Grass and Cultivated Land |
| roul tº
Woodland ºo -
Moorland, Hill Pasture, &c. - -
- *
| l-
- |Wontº - -
58 - +- º º
- - sº.
- - - -
- º ºne
sºa. º §2 It
maird Head Usionalasha.
| Pendºn, wºrn. - -
| . PBuchan Ness 3 alwººm greenwich
| L. - --
ºf |
| A” Z" A. C. - - - -
| -
| ºn.
- * * -
- -ºw. of the Tºy
- o nona- º º -
- C. 4' × A^ *" ..º.º.) - º Fire Nass
- colonºwº ſº º
- º 'º - l
º ..Z º
M. * -- §
º … º - -
*… º. ººl- "º º Aº
* º º º:
-- ſº , ) .
ºf Nº.
| | *f; * - "º º, cº-º-
# - ſº a º - Mo - | -
| *" ( º C nºt r, a - Tºw - º nº A º
º ** *, 'ºw, ºf \| nº."" - ?, cºspººn Head
| "...º.º. pºlº, º sº... "… . --
Sºº ºn- ). |- 4. º, wº
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- A - . - - ºf . - -
º, * 3: ^. ..., 8vº.
* */ º: º ſº hº Wºwow nº S;
| A A /
toº. . . - ** Braich-y-Pwll
** º gº \, ', y
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- - º -- Mºr * º
* º | car" swans"
* Bristo Chaº
Lundy 1. -
marrºw ºººººº Y,
Hartland point- -
| º
:
º **-
º º
- º-ºo-ºº:
º - º
- º º *nown narº M º ſ
- º * º - - _*_
- Landalend - - 2. al- º * …, Point C // 4. -
Sºuy-1- º |Mºnº" *d ºn ºarn, -
- --- alarnave Pºd, hºw”
channel
Guernsey & bºark
de
N. Lalan .iers
-- -- --- - - |
:::: *::::::-- -
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COAL & IRON.
*Sunderland
s
rºmato;
A hortlepool
- - --
Whitehaven, ſº - Mºddlewºº
ool----
coal cº-º-º-T
2. o
ºngº Miles
--- ºn go ºn Tºo go
REFERENCE TO colour NG
- Coal measures exposed -
only
The concealed coal measurew are nºted
The areas coloured black ºn seortanº
ºnande the carbonaeroua ºne-tone
coal measures covered
by more recent roc
Pre-carboniferous rocks
| Post-carboniferous rocks
S. Submarine coal workings
- Ironworks
wºn a dºth of 4000 feet from surface
ºthy
in cº-ºr-
-
-
Shººtield
º
… nontº ºne
Derby
... ?"
B ay - ºirming
--L-- -
- º
* " | Readiº
marcºte-
**/s or
south waves----
Br is to 1 ch
|
Hartland fºr
".
unenon
culm at a
-ººrºº coal- y
º
wnwickshire
- º
Weurºborough
-
------- NT O R. T
- - - ſ howton' sº
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REFERENCE
- Cotton goods
+ woollen goods
-Silk goods
- Leather goods
- Metal Working
+ Shipbuilding
- Earthenware
- Paper Making
- Chemicals
| Industrial Regions
- Linen and Jute
x Machine works
| Hull Principal Shipping Ports
Scilly tº sº.
- brºkerries
ſ
BRITISH ISLES-INDUSTRIES.
º
*...* tº-ºn-º-º: Pen ºd º
…” ºrmſ. -
- Tongue
- Stourie
--
-
- ir
- - 3. º
RAUllapool C.
- wº-
Wºodlewe Tai
Aghna º
| -
In º
º º
---T--
Marypº
º Workingtº º
- ..., whitehaven
º,
wn is ºr sº 4.
ſºuth
Exmouth portanºº
º
…º. ºney º
Bºdº Bºhº
English Mºle-
-- -- Tºo
Principal Railways
steam shºp Distances in Nowºcal Mºles
anfleet
Mºston Well.
º º
º
º
º
º
\, (?
"yº
:
wool-LEN GOODS
-21,517,000
º-º- -
NCIPAL MANUFACTURES EXPORTED DURING THE YEAR 1903
-
MacHinery
E20,065,000
STEEL, Eid.
|ºis, ºº,000
|
|
-|
-
-





























































BRITISH ISLES-POPULATION, 1901 census. 21
Towns of 10,000 inhabitants and
| upwards are shown according to
population, and are excluded from
density calculations.
REFERENCE TO COLOURING
Persons per square mile
| Iſninhabited
From 1 to 64
Towns over 200,000 inhabitants
- , , ,, 100,000 --
- -- -- 50,000 --
- - -- 10,000 --
--ºn-
Engaiah Miles
ºn-º-º-ºº-ºo
Principal Railways -
GROWTH OF POPULATION IN THE CENTURY, 1801-1901 (DECENNIAL census returns,
The dotted lines in each division show the proportion of population as divided between | - |
England and Wales, Scotland, and Ireland 1871 *! - º
1851 1861 * * . .
| | -
| Bºl- | | . . . . . ; e.g. š 23 # -
-- ºn o -º a B. - - E - | -- |
- - - - - - | - - - - -
- * 2 #| || || 3 || 5. #: : ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; #|| ---
- |- - - - - - - ºu lo
- º º - - E- º – C. ... P. Gº |m|E|| - ºu lo ºr --
| --- - - - - - |* * ºn
º is ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; "|
º is = |}| ſº * * * * * * * * | " : " :
- - - - - | | ||
- - - | | | | || | - w
- - - -
16,345,846 17,370,000 21,272,187 24,892.485 27,080,450 27,724,055 29,821,288 31.845,379 tºº... ºº 41,605,220
"“” $º :* -: *- -
- - - - - - - ". ." --- - - - -
hº º º º- - - - - -





































































ENGLAND & WALES.– hical.
ED º 2
English Miles
0-10-30 - 30-40 -º-ºn
above 2000 feet.
lood to 2000 feet
- 000 to 1000 feeſ.
Sea level to 600 feet
universities --
Principal Colleges -
****
|
| Is L. E.
o-
|Max
Trºnadoe
º Bºy
1. * Mawddach
Cº-º-Liga w
B-1-
L C ºr a N N E 1.
- - - --- - A N N E. |.
- --- -
ºridan of 0 tºn-on.
__
-



- - -
---
ENGLAND & WALES.–Political 2%
consºn 3 2 I o 1. 2.
- T - in --
ºwd-on-Tweed
IL. A.V. N. D. --------
… ºntolº English Miles
| - --- - -
-º-o- º Farm tº º in -- - º
- -
oleº urgh -
"º. County Towns underlined
-*. -
alºna. Parliamentary Boroughs -
- ºquetſ -
º al-orth Cathedral Towns -
ort ima Principal houlways
- - - ºr *- ºlyth -
º ºw. T - - - º
- - orth Shields. -
1. º:
exham
º und-rºland
CUMººr, D ºf
- enºid º lepool
- ſº ** - -
" * 5
- wºes Cleveland whitby
- - Itacºmmand
- wºnderºer " N O
--" N - R. 1. D - N 0.
nº ºuta or- carborough
- - - *TI-
- - *-
º/- º Ripon Malton - *
- ---
- | - -
- º-º-º-º: *—-ºº-º-º-
*leetwoo (Rºogº. Yoº East Riº 1 x 0.
chº. - - - ---- S.
sº º º -- -Weºlitiºn
--- ->
Blackpool ...: - Beverlº ºl.
- - - in-as-a-
--- - --
s -- ºn. ºley Ro - -
ºnly º Wiga - - - - - ºpºd
ºnels ºf º - º º Nº.
--- won º wººl - tailuºmaru al-ul-e-
º- º Lindsºr.
Holyhe º Bir 7. -- -
º dudno - --- --- --D Lowa".
- Holy 1. - - - - - - - - -
|- - y -- - Sºph --- - º §: * --- º ºw, º -II -
- - - - - - - --- - --
º º º ºnenb --~~~~- º - alºmeusº
Mºna ºn - Ayº --Molaº-M º º L O L -
º - - - --- ºw - ºw. G. - -
sal ºr Carnarvon B. Nº D #. Wººsanº * *** whº word, . -
º - - - º - tº §: - º- ... Kestºs ** – - 53.
-- - ------ --- - M.
- Bala Langº ºn º *"ºperby's º Tº - ºw- ---
ºn - ------ - ºntº- wº-sh -
º, ºwn º ºn 5 goºd
º ---il- - - -
º º º -n. º (spºnding gººm º,
* Marada. A. - -- --- *-
º ºn - º º - º
---------- º º-ºorºo ºn
º CA R D ºf N. ºº: TER - ºn. Nº ºxº º at
C. * º" ſºcłsten attlewa swatham *
º no. º º - - |-- --- - º ~~
- B.º. - indu- - wich - -- - -
º - (- - ºn 1 Mºria M- wºn º * … - - ---
Aberyºtwith - -- - cov - --- *** * - - - - -- -º-
º - º ºld- º ſº *" - waxena. cºnd - º
º º º -ºn- º al. --- - ºlº - - - º - ºw- anº lan
| Autº- º º º - Lºº- N - º - -
an ºwn ºn. º "ºs Sºº-oº. Aſ ºut tºo Lº
ºn-alian -
gam - ------ aeaeºbroºººººº. * - - w tº T +. As T.
º - . - 3. - - º wº- - "h. -- º º - ºn-
º ------ - - - Fo - ºnalnut
- -wº Llºyd v- * ºre-lane Her - ºil ºwn \ --- "Sº ---
sº nº -Mºd ſº- /- ºn- º ºbuºy -- -
50RE c tºtarºt n Rec. --- run- ºn-li-n- --- ºnto) - --- wn
º º - mºdel, -- º o-r ------ º
- - - / / º wººs, ſº º ro * colºs ºn-
º - º º ouces nºt º' "" - gbºyº s
º - º - º º o a. --- - º º º º º Nº. º ---
- ------ - º - - - -1. º ord
.* º - º Iºta. - cºllºw nute W. - - - º - ºuch
º º º - º wº … Wawingſ. *M º wº º
º º º man-lanº- º -
wº º ºna. - - - - ºn-ºn-
ºw - |...} - º stov- - uth of the Thames as
º - -nu- º º -- -> ---
ºn, - - - -
B ºr 5 tº dº ºn Nºve º: D. --- - ºw--- - º *
…” 11 ºu º " º "*º * ||
º *combº- - bal *º y * --- - --- -
- - | w - --- º º *"lºn.
ºn - ſº SHIRE Goºs. - º a- - *
-- I ºna ºr --- m. -ºn-ºwl
- -º- º t º º - º - - *...* - -
". - - | ºwº, ºr * - As ºr -- * c
- M- thamp º S \u Paulº nº-Nº. º
made an l__ l *\ º
- Sºº-ººoººº-ºº: º º
- - - -- º unpº-N- --- loº.
º -º-º: - Poulº-
D - - º - ºn -
ºn- º º ºtº º º "ov, -
--- º * -o- ºf - º º
--- - - *-ºſ-
-1- ºul - º 1. * º -
[. - Bay
ºri-law, <
ºl. --- - º
º º
- º,
nº tº ºu lºº
--
-----
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7
Universities ---
Principal Colleges -
English Miles
-
- - --
ºur of Lºw-
*rchanp g
--
º: Coll. Loch sunº-
- Tobºrº.
- lº
- º
tº º
-º-º-º-º-º-º:
lood to zood feet.
odont, house
Papa
ISLA
air iſ
º º, poºl.
ſºorth n
ºnall-hay
-
kNEY:
AND S.
ºr.
º º sº Andrews Bay
ºr Zººks'Andrewe
º" ſº
º
--- ºberfoyle
"ºſſº.
- º |-
E. N.
Longitude west of Greenwich

SCOTLAND–Political.
- º:
7
ºn-a-ſau-
County Towns underlined
Parliamentary Burghs -
Cathedral Towns-- -
Bº:
ºut of L-
-
-
ºxorºnau- hº
0 roºt
-- """ orweven -
- ſºSºdº'
stronsºr
*ºry
s 1) S.
- -
South Loch branadai.
Uist
Cacho,
º
E. C -
ſ rialay *~~ --
*Barra º - º - B and
Isles **) - - " | -
º Athlon |
Mack tº
º,
Strontinn
n-
Ferry
or Ferryport - had rock
*Andrews Bay
ne-
* Lor-May
Firth or For th
pass Rock
ir t
nº
ly de
pºda.
ºanda
ºusa cº-
Z
tonnonbºw
| |R E.
Foglº-Males -
o-ºo-o-º:
Principal Railways -
- sº - 3- -
- - - Head - º: --
- Longitudewetº ****
7

2
6
IRELAND-0rographical.
10. - º - 8. Malan Head *nºtranuld d º
-
alºnian L.
* * * * º *o lººrſ.
*** cº, º ſº - 1. Giant- B º
º no º º . - - - º - &
English Mile º: º ". º
glish - Bloody Foreland N º ". o
- -- - D - Buncºna. &
* * *- - - - - - ey º a Bay º
ºf
- - ºrgº * - - * - Foyle sº | Garron tº º
** REFERENCE TO COLOURING º - _ - º-º- º
| - -" - - -
above 2000 feet. A-ant. -
º - º / º
1000 to 2000 feet burtow"º: N º Nº - ë. ºr-l. l
- -
º -
600 to 1000 feet Gweebarra Bay º º º - - - | º
-- - - erº L. :
º, Sea Level to 600 feet Loughºo. Morº gianº fºr ºf *: º
- 3. --
Universities + -an pº º º º - - º º º º º
Principal Colleges - º: º “ - -. -
ot-Q, a º - ough/ Pº -
- - lieve League - - - LFA
- - - - bºa Neagh DB 0.
Donegal Bay liºn
* Tºuw ray- º ". - º ---
º º p: º
º Frris. He º: *" - B. -
- 4.
º ºr- -
-: º evºry Dundrum Bay
. . . .N. -- -
º Biaº. § Amalº- C
--- ºn-
Achun meadº - - -- *gh
-- Čavan. * Dund
- - Bay
- unavty -
she r- º,
Nobb - clogher
Drogheda.
º - Bay
- * \namºggan
- -
º - ay 1.
tº
º - Dublin Bay
UB
-º
E- -
wººd, --
North sound Galway Bay º -
-- Black nº º- - * , , , º
2. ºnahmaan dare- -
Aran-Islands *A*- “... .
º ––?” º
º -
-o-
ºn hº
… 'a-º-ºw-
- - namºhael Pº
- | \
--
º º º cahoreº
Ri
rºº ºw tºo-
Ford Harbou
-- - - exfor ex-for-
ºr-toº-ºº: º jº Mºrºna”
º - - Fºrd º º
ºt. ſº * º *º-hoº.
| - -n. º Carnaore tº
º º º - -
* - - º hook-Hº * wantee tº
- --- Eaſ º º
- º
- o
º
sº
º ºº, ºf º
º º
º "º -
ºwaº
-- ty. ºnaal-Harbour
º -
- wº-º-º-º-º-º-
º - *.
- :*: º * * Bºy
- -
º º - º, - **, - - T.
º º - Longitude wear 8 of Greenwich 7 º
º, Mºº- —º-- - -
















IRELAND–Political.
º
*
*** cº,
English Miles - -
uº. -d bloody rareland, ".
County Towns underlined
Parliamentary Boroughs-
Cathedral Towns +
Principal Italways
Donegal Bay
**
2.
º
sº
[+] º
O Achill L
Clare Clew da
O
Intehturº
Inishbor.
Dunmore
O - - -
-
Maui. Bellew
º Nº.
- Mayº-
--
ºel
-
North sound Gºal way Bay -
w
tford . º
*WICKLöWA-
Tuskar
Carneare tº
a'saucers
ºwomania,
*... nºn-al-
º,
*º º
as º. º.
sº "
:
Longitude Weat B of Greenwich
pe Clear-
FTTTTT * - - - - -
-- --- John M-



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CENTRAL ASIA, SHOWING FRONTIER CHANGES SINCE 1800.
| 40
| Russian Advances since 1800 in light yellow, with dates
British -- -- -- -- pink -- --
English Miles
15.3 o 73.5 Pº Tº +ºo
.#erº
º
ºsºenº-
º
-------
--~~
- - -
-
- -
ºr ---
- º |-- -
- º º
- - ºr -
. -
Longitude ºrºrº
-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-




















INDIA—0rographical.
Tº so as as sº
- | \
section ACROSS THE DECCAN
Aº º º º
º sº ºn, º
| º º º
( ; ſº
º
… º - º
W -- º
--~~~~
- suiciº
º - |
ºw.
-- ºn
hadeo º - º -
Idual-n- lº
Akyabi
º º
º º
Kyºkºy"&
Raºur N
ºn anº
sandwa
|
º
º K.
º, of
ºn
ºutlººr- 5. - --- -- --
idºlºlore
Engliº Mºle-
---
º º
Sea Depths below 100 Fathoms
colourº in danker Blue
- l -
Long-a-ra-i tº or cº-ch º --
ºt.
Reference. To colouring
º above 18,000 feet.
º * 12,000 to 18,000 feet.
0000 to 12,000 feet.
3000 to 6000 feet
lºod to audio tact
tº D to 1500 feel.
*º: - sea level to tºod feat.
* - A T L - - - -
P J N J A B
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INDIA-Vegetation & Principal Products."
al- --- º
5 º º
Ohen * “ILºrrº
ºauthºran S. 2. º,
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III. º - ºw.
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-
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Longitude raer tº or Greenwich º
- - mem.
Mal % VERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF VEGETATION º
M! Everest -
La \
- /
REFERENCE. To colouring
Cultivated Lands
wo- a lºn.
- - -
| | Grassland pe anº ºn-ºt º
Siberian Forest Temperate Forest ºr
Stepnes º, sºver ºr--- º. -oud
| | Sandy deserts & PLAINS or INDIA
º Lands | - º º Sººn a 2, ..
– “{*}^*:::::::=º
- _ __ - - ". .” --" . - " -
- - - - -
th-ºº. ºpºl nºn-
-º-
* Only the products which are important articles of Export are here marked




































































INDIA, 1707.
INDIA, 176
-
- -- - -
-- - -- --- -- -- 7- ºu ---
- - T
as -- Mºgul Empire coloured Green
- south of Yellow band subject to Mahratta. “Tribute Chauth" ---
- - *-i-wº-
- - -- - - - -
- - - -
º
*****sº * f GHANIsrAN tº
----- -
---
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- -
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- - *3. * - o - º-
- --> *us M. A. L w - **** • * m a L w a ºn
|-- --> - - & _- -- -
- - - º A \L - - º
- - - - - - B E N G AS-- ". - --
ºf N. º - ºw. Tº ºf A H R A T ºr A
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- - º- - º - Nºur
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- -
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- - Favºurº
- - - -
H. R. re-kº. - O F
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| B I 4. Nº Yº - B 4. - B
. - - -
- - Y'S O. R. E. -
| S. E. 4. - - Madras B E N G 4. I B
| + z º
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| 12 - sº ºr TTTTT
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Laccadive - -
Islands Nº. 3 ------
- -- 7 -
* -->
- º - * *
º - -
s T- a - 3. - 3.
- - -- ". T Chronological Summary
– CEYLON - cºlony 1746-48 war in the Carnatic
Chronological Summary Note to colouring of º 1751 Siege of Arcot (Clive
- - - European Possessions - 1755 Black Hole of Calcutta
1500 Foundation of East India Company -- 1757 Plassey (Clive)
1513 English Factory at Surat Factories and Agencies of E. I. Co. - - | assº ºve
- - - - - Maldive 1760 Wandewash Coote)
1615 Roe's Embassy to the Mogul British Territory * - Islands 1761 Capture of Pondicherri
... . i.º.º. founded | | French underlined -- - 1754 Buxar Munro,
ºuisitiºn of tºmbay Portuguese 1755 Diwani of Bengal and
+ H690. Fort William (Calcutta founded - -- - - Northern Circa ired - ?
1702 Union of East India Compani Dutch ... — — — — — – ºjº.
- ------
tº Pºº | | Danish ... -- sº
7- 7a. Lºn-rºuze East 80 frºm creenwich --- 88. 72 7s Longitude East 80 from Green-ich 8-|- -8.
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|
INDIAN EMPIRE, 1905. -
- - -
THE
ad º- wa 72 - 76. |
- -
loo ld.
ſº gº -
º -- * º-ººººººº-
S h a n - ſºng chº".
P ssian rrrrºº - -
SUMMARY OF RECENT EVENTS. | º \ *TRT -
1858 Government of India by the Crown.
1865 Bhutan War.
1876–8 The Great Famine.
1877 Queen Victoria proclaimed Empress
of India. - *
1878 Second Afghan War. º ( e. ºPºwº. " *** Poſo wº
- - - - - - -
1880 Annexation of Quetta and Kurram "ºn, Ra - W. ----- " -
Valley. -
1885 The “Penjdeh.” Incident.
K. A s ſh
1886. Third Burmese War. Annexation of a
Upper Burma.
1888–1891 Hazara Campaigns. nun.
1891 Miranzai and Manipur Campaigns. - - º - ºf Zºº
1893 Delimitation of Afghan Frontier. º w itsu "": ...º. ſºarº-zº. -
- - - ºvarº r º - J. T. º. -
1893–5 Suzerainty declared over Hunza, Sº sº ºxyurº lºzhºu..., s ºzºan) u No. R“º - * . . º mº º
Gilgit, Nagar, and Chitral. - - * * * * ºlº. ºr: º Wººl - - - - ------- - - -
- - -> Irish - s º, , ºxº º ...) .." -": ...! - º - - . - /
1895 Chitral Campaign. Ita. * d.º.º. -Yº, - --> & N. T. - - * -- -
º º - B His raw sº tan - !"ºndon). enº- --- - , --
77 Delimitation of the Pamirs. Woº 1) * 1. an. º - ºrna ºld ºnnºr. A. º - -
- - - - th ºr - J. º ...”
1897–8 Tirah Campaign. a wº --- * ow w - "º" *4%
- - 28|| "... Nº * v * Mºhawk º º
1901 Formation of North-West Frontier ſu Tºº-- º * | - - º
Province. *Aſ ſuch I st a ºr * ºranea” º º
- - - ** --~. A. N. ohri. - **-*" R * "º
1903-4 Expedition to Tibet. hº º º - Aſºr ºn, º - - I - AL-L-L- -
ºf º Jaisalºº º horr haº º - - ------ - -
s ||wikhanp - M. Wanbham: º ink Mºon, - º
|_+ ( , - s' R A Jº ſºar. Nº. £gºr.
GOVERNORS G Dºž s ſº...ºpm. ... " Harwº º
S GENERAL ºil. -- - ºrach roa - º n lººp-ºr sº
- º - - ºl. - º --- 1 *-****
- ºradar. ºrmer … ." º º º sº º ºn ºn sº Mills - ºr ºr
1774 Warren Hastings *Wºº [. ſº ºngº gºº". Aſ º/ .
- 24 * | *abū. * . 7. º, º - --- º ºn-ºx º " ..Marºº
1785 Sir J. Macpherson. - - daipu | Rºanº !pur "/\}. º ºvanº º - º
1786 Cornwallis. *** | -- - º º, "ºn º Nº. --- -
- - -- - a tº - LLºan L. a. - - coſ, º -- -
1793 Sir J. Shore, (Ld. Teignmouth). | | | | \ºsº. V. ºr 3. agaº Tº … . Diſcº
_- - -- - º, ºvº,
1798 Wellesley. º ºrº i. abanan *
ºnwºr- r º - ºpewa, o sº - - -
- - J IA º | A \, \! ºnahpu. ºurnaº
1805 Cornwallis ºul W. a - -
"ºſſº. **, whº * lººſanal, ºwnpº V
- - - --~. - . . . a- - - -
, Sir G. Barlow. *ondº º º º º "Rº" º "º. . "Bil, I Fº "º" " … º
- º n - Mºnºnºvºſ"." - - º, º!'ſ J. W. Yº
1807 Minto. ºº: º Yº ſº
- -- -- - º-ººººººººº-tral - - _wºnº º
1813 Hastings. 30|- Pºiº ºat 3. - º º I º'." Sºpu, * ºis
- --it- - - º …”
1823 Amherst. tº º,...} *R Muganºr ºf jºº ſº
- --- * Basim ºvrº º' º |- ſº
1828 Lord William Bentinck. Pºlan º: ºr- an "º - ... - lº ºn tº - ºur
º, º, w --in-turn-d 1- - -º-º:
1836 Auckland. - º - #º . Jagdalºr /* \| "Ganjan
- - mandaº º . ºr ºil.
1842 Ellenborough. #nbay - .. - . --- ". º - * … W. - - ". -
ahºº!" - - ºf .
1844 Hardinge. haba º ... ſºlº
ºntana º now- -
1848 Dalhousie. …1 - º' "Wºº Viº
- Fº Lºſ Jº I º ſharºa-ºlamatºan nºwn ºngº-Mºle-
1856 Canning. - A W. º, www."ºº-ſºevada - - - -
- - - Devº: "º º ºnapura - º wron-º- B A. Y neurai- -- onlf of
- - ". adarº. - cinear º - - - -
* ſººn º ºr “” *” "\}Masulipata” . - -- Months Wºlſ in Mºrtal" . - -
- A "*". º - - --- of the Irawadº --Tiruvatiyur-
WICEROYS. *...º - n º hºurnal º … I - otºr- \ Pulee U2 - ſº
...].") ºff." Agº..."...s " O F. Nº. - })}.
1858 Canning - ºf narº ºf "º - | - Red Hillsº º ºf ºdolºrah.
- --- ºnner -
* honawa, cºunſlºwdoº” ºnen n - lambºhumidt, º
- …I . . . º/* º - -II- -- -
1862 Elgin. . ºn º ſº N \ || º | B E N G *...a...au. º cº, \ 0. | | *
1864 Lawrence. º Tium º %. ſlºw ºw Tºport Corrº º * - W º - \\ | \| -
- ºil, º --------- ---
1869 Mayo. º Mandalo º º º MADRA*- Middle * * * masseran lie Madra. * - -Thah. 4.
- - pºt - daman * * º | * Rºuwa, sº wº º
1872 Northbrook. - - */º": | - - Mºſs º º º ſºlº
. -zºº wº, ºpe - - - - - "S", ". corato Oº. 5. --" º ºurº
1876 Lytton. Laccadival. ^* º N º, Yaleul. " - - - ort Blair Aºurº º * s". - º –p...º. min
1880 Ripon. Islands , , • calciº...º. rode ºwn c . | y *pur. (. - º Nº ſº,
- Hopw goleº kai º – - - - - Tºulºus - -Tumº'ſ ſº ºr-nºm
- º Tri --- Vº - "I - #:
. Dufferin. - º a gºal - .." "3 | ºn º º - &olº aſ º º.
1 Landsdowne. Ernal, "tendanaº-strº - - -i. -- -ºººººººoºse
1894 º Cochiº: Mººrºº, / wº Ten pegree channel * Boº ºntº WMADRas
º - -
Elgin. º Ilam. anº, | bard ant-house
- " car. - n
1899 Curzon. * º; ºn land-r'. - ſkiplicane
- - º *Turtºorin Trincomali - - - - - º
1904 Ampthill. - * 1. . -T. º Nicobar º wº - º
- ºf Manar. - - -- - -
1. C c cowº Lºr º batticulou. - I lands -
- ºut-º- - -
1905 Minto º - º º … FIST THOME
ºn- º - - rear N
The native and Protected states are coloured yellow. - --- * Maldive ---, *
- - º -- -
Railways open --- Island- -
-- non-tructing - - dondºn Kota Raja
-
-**- -** ,
| - - - - -
:::: ... ... : :- 1 A D 1 4 N. O || || C. E. A. W.
- -- - - -
- :*:: º: .. . .. - - - - 7- - 7t. "ºº" " " " ("" ba. du --
-
- - - - - - - - -
-------
John marºº-º-
The New Provinces of Bengal and Eastern Bengal and Assam were formed in 1905. -
















































º
Re-r-Rence. To coloural nº
British Territory coloured
Spanish --
Dutch --
Chinese --
Japanese ,
Siamese , ,
Corean -- -- -
East indian company's starrows underlined Red
durch Easr indian co.'s -- -- Yellow
---
- -- -
nº-
& . . . . .
| M-
-
--- -
X."
I W D I A M
- - - - 110
- ---
THE FAR EAST, 1803.
120
c H 1 N Es E T A Rºa Rºy
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º -
- * * * hope H.
- -
* tº prºno
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tº nº
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Marººn. -
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Jul Vº wº- *.
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Coº" oº:: I * **, *.
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wº-
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- "". Arzobispo
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nºw--- rº-n pººl. º bonin Iº
- .. - It 7.
e.” Aºmºnº- horodno tº torna, bawlry
* * * *- - ºrr,
- ---------
º, - *… -w
º, **. ** w - nº-hºp nº
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*..."º 'º' Nº. - ..º.º.,
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A. Y. R^
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Catanduanes - -
wºn. annon tº
Y cº-wºº; ºf ANDs O C E A W.
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-- - - - …
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a rºw a a W 3. - GUINE
natharat.
O C E A W.
--- -º-,
Longitude East 120 of Greenwich -



-º-º:
º
REFERENCE TO COLOURING - A. *::: - ---
British Territory coloured -º- fº ... - º
German , -- - - tº "º'ſ - º
United States |-
Dutch --
French --
Portuguese
Japanese , ,
Siamese ,
Chinese -- --
TREATY PORTs underlined Swatow
… -na-taaa.
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-
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- º". - tº º º
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ra Fº º #"º", - - – º --
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.
Railways open ---
constructing - - - - - - - !… - -
- º'-'.
º º ºftennamºendº
Telegraph Lines & Cables - -- - ºr rº º - -
- º -º-º-º-º: - º: º - -- -
- Lll- º º ſº ºil *:
Steamer Routes ---------
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wº-ºº- º- - - - - -
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sºrhomas 13 tº
--- - - - . - º - - º %. -:
º Nº. - - - º, Mºa Sº Equator "
º - - º
|
-a-cension 1.
|| - - - . . - *Delgadº
A T L A N T | I C ) º 'º' |
sºlº
English Miles
- º
REFERENCE. To colouring
above 12,000 feet.
gooo to 12,000 feet - - -
3000 to 6000 feet. - - º
-
1500 to 3000 feet º gº º
600 to 1500 teet - - º
Sea Level to 600 feet. - C - / - .
Depression
Sea Depths below 100 Fathoms --
coloured in darker blue
-
20 Long Wºof Greenwich 10 10 Long. E. of Greenwich 20
ill-
- - -
The ºnburgh Geographical ºne Jºhn º' --

_AFRICA-Vegetation. -
TRIPOLI
- B |
- ºcessara
Mazda
- º' º
TRIP oil | Avº º
Fezzan -
ºvinczuk Taiserbo | Thº
|Ghat - ..Busema Daºhua -
| - Gatewa. ºn fr a. *Kebabo Khargº
A G H - --- Tropic of Çancer
A R A B \,\ A
Bardaï-
R. E. K. Tao " * -
- Kawar Tºsºr --- --
- - - º Wºjanga Yoa.
- - -
sº - - | Bunſan
- o
º -
Sennar
- -
- - -
- -------
razoº wº
- - * *sº
- lºw &2. Ankobenº
º, - º --
--to-nº | Adols anº- *... -
-- ºl-º- -- ** ---. º
º - - º, º ...”
Nº. - * - y
Monrovºº, peer up angul "" ºn -4 *
Gra. 1. 4 º - & **
-canº º º- N º - º ºanºkorº ſº. *g. º E. gh.
- - º old
-º-º-º-º-º-º:
tº wºº "º, º Tir. ... *
º - - RT. T.I.'s H. arriºral º - ºgdishu.
--- - - - New Antw sº T - AF R. I. C.A. - -
oº: s! ** **śº º " --- -" ,'... 2" Equator ||o
- - - y- N - º Kibwayu. º
º - º * -
ºpºn) º -- ºt. -
4. º CON º- Lamon
º * . w º ºte WMalinda.
Iºang. º ... º. * "Monbasa.
S O U T H. ń. sº - * Tºora canº", |Penºba 1.
- Bananaº - - - -
"*"Cssakado. . *gº. tºº.
| * - º YAmbriz º, east-Arrºr ..","."
- - - --- ºwºwa. - ---
- s' Paulae Loanda! Loanda --- - º º' " y Kaloa or kilwa Aldabra I, CD
--- - - -> _J -º - Lindſ - _* - -
Dondo ºa. - - 10.
R Liwºngatºniºſ
A. L A. N T I C B. eng ela. º - ºrontº -- Comoro) Comorolº C-inha.
- L. Lºlo tº |- nºokah
A N. G. O L.A. --- | º ſº º …? - ºn Mºnowº tºº, -
- º ras º
*Cacºnda Mºngºba ontºſ anonesia anuelº /
- - it and -
- * | WEstº a. º
--- | s
Mayotto Nossº lºgoşnarº:
Kº-ºº:
- Rhonºra. Tes
º, º ſº #" ſ sahial
- -. dº - . ---
O C. E. A. N. *Tº sovº.
º ºs- &
- --> ºlº- -
- º, A Balawiyo T & 20
GERMAN ºf #
*š. |-- Pala - * - º
Tropic of Capricorn hºtº . i. * @ º º
– * * * **** * 3. ºº º
REFERENCE. To colour-Inc.
Dense Forest
Savanna with open forest
--- | grassland partly with scrub, etc.
- an º ºstrºn, º!”
* Arºca º
Kuruman.
ºrange Rºanº
ºrinºbolº
B.E.C.H.U.A.N.A. Pºst. º
SOUTHWEST ºritish Protector ºr bar, º º-corrº-nº-
/ N º
30
| |Desert -
- Mountain flora
- cape row nº º
- * *: ºn Cap-oººood Hop.” º
zo- mo o 1- 17500
- ºn º - - - - - Mountain º |18000
º: Zºº” Fl - --- -
… " WERTICAL DISTRIBUTION OF VEGETATION ". º 2500
--- 10000
ºl- -- Mountain ºn-
\r - in Yond Region lºod
/ º: -------- C O N G D B A S 1 N º: -
--- º
- - - \º
Upland - with sº and ºpen ----- Savanna with open Forest 2500
tº ºn at Fºr H & on - Tºpical ºn lºº.



























































































Čºary ſººn.
Palmat º
a 1" (Port)
ranchº
ºv’o Z/ ---
ºr.
tº
… Sºg
Lº Sº
º -
WAsst. º
MAN wº
º-s, T.
&º. º
Upper
GULF OF
Equator
ALG E RIA "
ºf-ºr-a
TRIP 911 - A
*Arawa
[. agar
º º M
Al- º
arr to hire |
lºoktºe.RN Nº.
5 N -
º A9
**ony tº º
_ - ºv
ºory Coast º
- º º
º
iº
- --
* *
*** -
O C
REFERENCE TO COLOURING
- British Possessions
| | French --
| ] German --
| Portuguese , ,
W. \
20 10.
BRITIs H, 3,360,000 sq. MILes
B engūela. *
A N G O L.A .
cºcºna, -----------
edes. Mossalºne
º
Rºambo
-
GERMAN
tho
nanobod,
SouTH west
al
AFRICA
cape town."
Yºº
Fºod Hop-
ºr cent. Arºnic
RHonesia
Bechuanal and
_TRansvaal_
CAP-Colony -
Binitian
East Arnica
Nothia unanda, arc.
Sarana and Coast Tºnnºrontes
|
olitical, 1
*O
Kufra.
-
º
-]
-
FRENGH, 3,770, ooo so. MILes
Fnºnch Conqo
905.
E.
Farafra.
Taiserloo
...Baseina Dakhla"
PPER A JBANGUI
* A º
-
twº,
Yºgo.s
º ".
duolo &
B.E.C.H.U.A.N.A.
British
was º, f -
Kuruman-
-
-
º
3.
º
-
|-
|
| Tropic of Cancer
A R A, B
all-tº-
yºn
Mºnºgº
--- vº.
- - º
-1. 11.
ºr Santº.
---
Fort Elizabeth
wo
DIAGRAM SHOWING RELATIVE AREAS OF POLITICAL Divisions in AFRICA
GeºMAN, 931, oooºoºrºººººoooſunkish SPANITAL. INDEPENDENT STATEs
KAM-nun
and Toadl and
aenman ---
East Arnica
Gºnman Pont
The Edinburgh Geºgraphical meant-
Nºwººl
tºo, a G-1-
east-Arā19.
º * Lºº.
concret Comorolº
Pºermarkuborg
thnºbanx port Natal-
Anaola
Pont, Guinea,
i
i
sº-w, Arnica | East Ar Rºa





























































































---
DEVELOPMENT OF AFRICA.
wo ad
ºu lſº
/ s.
Fezzan
Marºn.
r. Gr. e.g. t /des erºz
Z, a ra or Gre h t des
ºvere of
- ºades. …
S u d a n :
narrºr
S u d.
ºcorrºw
-
Iſ)
sº Heºn. L.
Fezzan,
-
Murzuk
Sahara or gren t des
Zºº or
Fezzan
- -
- Murzuk
a.
ºvader.
S u
wocotra
-
"guardº
Iº
ºonwoºoºo.
n
º
º pot"
R.
Ancension I.
*"ºº" S. Paul de
Sºleºn I.
-
º Town
- Cºpe or anaº
-
* 1865 - -
--
--
-º-º-º-º-
º ad
-- - - - - --. . -º-
---- -- - - - -
- * * - --- ". .."
-
Chronological Summary
-adr sierra Leone w can bia Crown Colonies. 1a2a Lake Chad discovered.
1951-73. Livingstone's Explorations. 1960-4 Speke and Grant's Explorations.
eae daºutoland under dritish Protecturate.
John hºnºla-
1825-63-74 Ashanti Wars.
1874-7 Stanley's Explorations.
1863 Lagos a Crown Colony.
1880 Congo Free State founded.

BRITISH SOUTH & CENTRAL AFRICA. 43
Lº 20
| Chronological Summary. |
1795 The Cape conquered from the Dutch.
1803 -- restored to --
1806 -- reconquered and remained British.
1836. The Great Boer Trek.
1856 Natal constituted a separate Colony.
10 Hº 1871 Annexation of Basutoland.
1885 Protectorate of Bechuanaland.
1889 Foundation of British South Africa Company.
1891. Formation of British Central Africa -
Protectorate.
1899 Constitution of Northern Rhodesia,
1900 Annexation of the Orange River -
Colony and of the Transvaal. …
---
º |- " da -
º " *..., zºº Fº * I ºn
º, whº * : * º * º º
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. . º Aº ‘’”2A, - -
- - - -- | -
R. H. op ºf A --
ºpepo º - uumbangº º … . -
- °sitanda º 2. º/ º º . ºf ºl. -ºr-
- -º | -
"W. E. ******* sºlº * * * ***.*.*.*. |
\, , i.am, - - º *Matanº- - -15 Eyº - - º
- º Longo- - º - - sº -- º --> -
*** *** { *, noººººººººº-ºº: * *) ºz º
- Y - sº -- geº- -i. --~~
º º - ozº * Mºnenadº - º º - - --
º º R. H O D. Es I A º - - embwe tº " º, - ºn.
- Monze º; - ºngº. º - º
- conver, tº º º --- M. ge. º, º ºſº - ºrº-
- onye Falls º -- - -- -- s º - ar. º ---
º ----. - ** is ſo sº ſº ºff- º: --- - Herald
*… in..…., ºat. 2. - “º ſº 'irº ºneºnarºo
tºba. Tº º º,...ſº ( a.º.º. " *_^* * 2 enal.
º' W. - --- - - -
- Muerº ſ \º Me * 7. "ºfºº
__ º - vings ne - in a ya, \! ºr ºw º - - --- -
- ebeiandara º º - º- *Y m. º º -
º º, ). Mashºna Lanº,
. º Eulº -- ºcharter ---
º ºcial, tº Nº. s T Hºº Rºn ". º
- e. - - - - - ºw.
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º ºtein. …º * > * ... º. M. Kºt A ºr *
"º. - -- - * ... º º scºe. º ai/ º d 2. -
- - andnama - -- ºu- - -- -
20 º _ - º º --M.-- Nultani - - º º - º i.
- --- %. Mºrº *Qº. Gº M. º: - - º
tº sº ----------- - Movem; º "- ºu. - lº - Tº ºve Sºº-º-º:
- - - --- 1. Nº Darwana. *::::: - Uniº - N. - Nº sh . º - > _*
º ---- Lahai - ----- - - - wº
madºuai. Boleben, -- º --- *... --- - -- unº º
- - -- - ºuanetzi :- -
- narch. --- º Zºº, 3,4 Z. -A-
ºnsis "º KHAMA Sºtº. ºr-
º - Mºrtatsaº Morraiana : * -------- -
- - ºnatha-tº-º-º- - |- -- - - Moºn,
- º - º: - | C O U N. T. R. . . - a _*-x º
- º - -- - lº - - . - -
-- " -- ºurº Lºw- -- uº. H.A.M.A. N. G. W.A.To -- - . . º.º.
ºº.º.º.º.º. Namko sº ºn…, - Z ~ L- lº tº sºnº lºº.,
woko ºvoº º - --lii in - a Chawani. Pley hanis º. - - on. -
º - - - º - herlººd-
- º ºtein º º ----- - º - N T- Mas *
ºteºsºma, - - - - - - - sº … - E-
- - - - - - -
º A II. A liſ A. R. | | | */ / . Hlºža Jºl
*okia. Mottokotº, SE - Rºyº-º-º-º- - ---------------- - § -
i. B. E. C. H.
* ºn-
|) E. S. E. R T anºn, Molop - - º
º -
- - - - -
- - IRA. N. S. - - -
ºeon º Tº Tº *AN s A. - #
* ~ º Mokopon º - atºmº ||
JA --- ºwnerº - |
a Tº - º MONTsº - - roa Bay-
peershebº º - - - - º ºpelagº”
Beershebº Cº." " .. , fºurº º ... ºf ººº-ººoºrenço Marques
º ºuaul, stemſ ">" rºº - cº-º:
º º - - Yohann jºurg waxi -
Land º, na. a nel, - - ----- ---
ºhoº. L. " **** - º WALES
--- tº ------- - TA - º - º - º ºn.
ºoººº ºb. - TISH BEC ºr. - - - º ſº ſº.
. .. - - Mºrºan fºr: º'" - º º) i.
- *** \ || || -tint loººoºººº- lºº, º: -
- . º Lange bºx º º º * - £º L
- - - tad - --- -- -
º - Jo urºtional pa. º * zu Lu Sº incial,
- W. Sto Goºd on ia. ſºdan, º - . . . - muna, - -
--- ngtony- - - - RANGE COLO - * * --- Sº Lucia Bay
- ºn- - - º hor - - ºth mºvalos.
ſº - --- º ºnman.
p - "*- ºf - º º ºn-Waſaru-º
Grea. º - colwalal - - - gela R.
fºulshman. operto ra. º º - aritzburg
- Prº 'orºuwen - ºn pºsºnº, ban.
*. - - d t- port Maall
c. - ºn. de
§ - Phill n e º - - ºotrºwy
a º hº ol- - - -
º - C. - *") º l *a- º º - ºnlºun.
º ºulanovero en- i yº
a- º º º º º º - ºr-º-o-venor- / /
- - - - - - - - - - º
- - 3. C E. - º O. - --- - - -- --- º,” /
- - ona.
º
-
- º
wº. p-
wn ºº::
º
Fraserbºrº
º - ºn, gº innunu º -
º n - "ºur R.
- - -- - -- .. aheen. -
- airwºrth- ºth
- - ºncº. n -
- - - -- º ºn A- -it--
… - a tº -- -
º ho Aſºrt º ºw - º st London
- --- - - ºn-Town
sº . ºntº - * war
.." - º-ºº-ºº.
-- -- --- º
sºon º ºa.
English Miles
º . º, - º º
- - º d --- --- -- *** - º º ach
º, * *...*. " || ||...} : ºº ºf
º
& " ". - -
*...*.* 25 Longitude East of Greenwich º
Jºan-º-º-º-




















































































- -
DEVELOPMENT OF SOUTH AFRICA.
Bay
º
º -
| __
-- Boos H U an AS
gº - *a. º
D.A. Mºa. R A sº N. ourenço - -
ºnºra. #:) *I) ºw
Pequena º * Dewer of B E C H U A N A S B
nº * H.A.M. Bon A as - * (*.men, R. Lawango º º
GREAT MAM-ua- ~ *\ Wºº-, * º **
* º *o Wenzo º § --~ ov
& - 284.” º 10
orange F cº s"Lucia Bºy Oranger - WNAs < * s”ucia Hº
---
| w TAMBºokies *. * 9 NATAL
| Little\Namaquas ſ Great º º -
º - * * ºf --- -
& wo - - Port-M Bushmanji” W O - ſ º º
** º
ulifanº - º cº */ohn's hº dlifants rº º **
X º "º
- º - ºr egºt. Fººd a \
| - *sº, -
Cape Town * - - w. Cape Towns ºf -
Cape of Good Hope *. ºr. Cape of GoodHope **, - º
c.Agudas **, 1806 Cºulº **, 1837
)
-
7 .
-
AT - - - A. Tºad * . *Bºlowºyo \ . Żºłhºby
Pººna %; ºzº ". Dam an aland º y
- wºma. - - -
º 2- º, --- % - * °o \ ---, - º * ºssºv-
- - - -- º - º **. * al
*f; **) - --~~~~ Bay º ºndhoek } "-----> P º N
|Bay - - - - - .
lsº - Malahari Desert * , ; Malahari. Desert - -
hor º, Pieteºbury ºniº
Bechuanaland * \ {s}. Bechuanaland ºf
Mo Lolº *- Nº. &2 Molonololiº |
Lopo - Great? \ * *Totº AN's **
* - º - *- - - - -- -
4. - º A- --- - - NameHualand \, º A Pretorkae ! º Tº.
Angra. * f \º - ºs | Angra A * A \º | -
Peqiena. - a -- - w - - ºx gº º ſº ºwn: B
}_2 - - } ; roß }_* wºrs. _º º -
- º ; ſº wº º/*
I W - ORAN - Zulu
Warmbad º -
Orange R. - *- FREE starº and /S"Luciabay
*. -º-º- ºnatal,
Great Port No. Great Y \, f^^\ºdomºn ºasutº tabury
Springbok a. Landº. h
Bushman), L* Bushman), Lº º -
% up º º º Scottsbury
Cabinia. Victoria West
olifºrnia C.A. P. E. C. |NYºuenswºrt sºohns
º rt errºnt
ºn wſſt. tº a ast London.
ºpy,
- ºamstown
Cape Town 'azez.
cºp-oº-ºooº-ºop. º - Cape of Good Hope *** *.
c.Agumº **, 1860 C. Aguiñas **, abeth. 1880
D. º a nº
------- - ---
ºn ---. º
- *...
-
r ºn d
Dam a. ºl.
º An
T-wº -
- - º * . ------> indhoek ºn #
"ºſsogºsº/ "ſº south s"/ º, &
Lºndº º - Malohari Desert - - Kalahari Desert -
| Tºº-ſar Rita Y leteºb ... ºuš
| \, º Bechuanaland - º Bechuanaland - º
Great. - Molopolol N º Molopolo AAL
- - wo
Managu. and º ſº w! i\ º, w ſ - Prer r -ſº %j. Marones
| Anºr- - - - - º º º - - ---
fº. º * Mo º British º º Mº British º ohan ** #
- --- Vryburg.º. rº. A. º. Vºyburg º Lº
- Bechuanaland Vº . Bechuanaland ſº º/*
- --- ſ A. -
| wºman | -_. W. º - O º .*...
- ºw-f - º d_ſs"lucia Bay orange R. - him, - COL º S*Mucia Bay
*o-wollar Great º ºrrºwry Port World Great º loe - º - tabury
| -ºn-ºngºok º ºn-to-nº Springbok ºf -town - l,
| Bushman'." Bushman) Lº --d---
dead-ºn - - ſ dead-dºwn Scottsburg
| cabºº Catºniº Y Victoria wº
duran- ulifani-Rº. c.A.P. E. ort sºlohns
- eld
- º
- ºr ºt --- ast London.
ſº ºn-tº-n *...*mºn
| Cape Town ºr a Cape Town º
-º-º-º-º- *sa. º
|
ºr ºnce. To political colouring
| ----- Portuguº ºn-an |Duº Rºueuce native states













































EGYPT & BRITISH EAST AFRICA, 1905. 4.5
ad 35 40
º, - -
..º. º Harºn Anglish Maº
* * Y. ----- alºn | -- - º
sawa. º Wººd sea. |
**er, Aº, -
º - -
"***, cair -
duals of The Fºxy'ſ ALEXANDRIA
--
dawi, or bºhor.
dawla of rºarafrao |
Tºdaendo - Great ºis or -> * \, - º
Oases of Kufra. dawla of dal-hu, 10. * - º, * &
- rºbab E Y P T-2 Jºſedina
L i. b y an. 17. ſº cold act an --- Fº *
- º - - º “Y Chronological Summary
& rosko v. 1869 Suez Canal opened
- 2” dataº *- * * - 1882 British occupation of Egypt began
J. 1888. Imperial British East Africa Company
''' n. ºw. 1890 British Protectorate of Zanzibar
20 ºr tº -n. 1895 British East Africa passed to the Crown 20
and and arºudan. 1898-9 Final reconquest of the Sudan
gººd sº * - English Miles
- - o too zoo soo woo Tºo
º --
tº 2 --- -
hand, N. ×
-- ---
& º
rºti º,
L5 - º
- - 3. - 113t-e
* . Adoº
|| ". º ºnashº
l **)
º º -- -
º Socotrº:
- gº - c tºuardaha
-- - -
hena. : - - -
º § --> has harian
10 - ------ º - - 10.
º
º: 2 :
º º
-
*"
5 ". - - - 5.
- - - le
ºld. º . º
* - BRITISH
º PAST AFRICA.
- #. º | Sugora. . º º º -
-- - º ºf gº # ºn I N D I A N.
- - - - º º lumala. . -
o - - º #º-ºº-ºº. * º º ºnce ſººny: - Equator o
#. -
ºctoria. *
º º, * º ºsmºw
ºnath.
**". | ºport. Durnford
- ---
|- º, - O C E. A. N
| RI ca. "“”
tude East 35 of Greenwich
Longi
º * . Gaza/ Dead } ranº-ºººº… º lºna
Alºxaspºº." sea. 2. ºoº-º-º-º-º: ºn º ---
*º º, eas º, Nº. º ºo wº-
º - s ºwula º º …
*** **, tº: \ º - § ----- G. A. As -
* Nº - --- -
ºn 2, ºpºs s croRAT = |
Roset. Damietta
4.
riº
-
* . P Rote
ºn tº *...*\º º
-- - º
nº n- **.
le Fayyun. - º º, --- ...]
- º, º unsuct - & Cº. Pº Mandeh
Raiyan ----- º -n º - a º º
ºrºann º - - Jºsha Iº
nann…] *. º º *Nº. A 10 E. Nº
*ºo ºtbºrº "A
- - *
- Zeila
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BRITISH WEST AFRICA, 1905.
-- 20 15. Lº º o º º
- P * Mººn rºyº. A sº-1
- º º Paler.
Chronological Summary. º º -
---
1618-1821 English African Companies on Gold Coast. *z, *. ºn,
1662 English Settlements on Gold Coast began. 2 *- - ſº . -
1662-84 Tangier English. ſº -
1787. Sierra Leone founded. ºn. º"
1795-1805 Travels of Mungo Park. 7in7ºn. º -
1886 Foundation of Royal Niger Company, º -
1900 Territories of Royal Niger Co. transferredº º -- º
the Crown. * M O R/C -0 ºA.”
1901 Annexation of Ashanti. - \ ºrshir'. t | a_s
1904 Anglo-French Convention, - º -worſ º |A " ' "gº -
|- Mºſado * y º ºwº, º,
English Miles A * * * * * | | * o'
º --- -- -- tº ºn Cºhºº, W. Sºº, A tº - º & º º
*}- ºt-fºr-º-
Canary Islands,º, ſº M ºntº - ºf Gurara.
teneritre ſº ØLanzarote º ſ: -
P. º º 3. ºnair- - - -- d I º - º
--- - -- - - ºfºndºn.
º . ºn, - -- º 1. - -
ºrrow sº º º Wºndurº (* | ºr, nºw
º - º º * - º -
- º º
chºr ". A. º - - - - º
s | --------- - . y - - º * .
--- l - º º
-
K- * * sº | ºl.
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---- Tropic of "º ---
º §§ -
Q º w º º
Tºwn. | y, -- yo" º -
… -- - -
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A d - ºr N E / 1 tº "A Wº - ||| |R Yºo º 2. **
Q Shinwen º - | - ---
---- º --~~fº - -Inau. A " ":
--- -- - || - --- º -
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|- - Wººra. Arayan *W.II: -- º - - hulma. -
º Air of Asbe
- a probela.
S- El-Ho (11) º ºl. -
º - |
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Sº E. G-A" L_T" *
lº, - -
º Kalar ta. Damier8 11 2.
- -
H lºan-dº | º | º Zindº band; º Man º
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º Gamel º - | - - - ---, - Kukaº Nº.
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F- ºn- Jºse R. f. Tº a B O R Nº. Masseya.
- -n - F ºr re's tº , sº * Solº 6 to - ºld Bagh in Mi
Bissºgos I º Dºw º T º ſ S N 0 º ERIA *M*M, 8.
victor- G D A. - a - Yalkuba, Mud. -º, --------- -
º - *ſº sul - tº 1 a --
lo- - - º, y, - - º-) º 7. - -- - - "Tº ºvº-
º ºf, / ng */ ... ºnwall, º'- Mº. ºld,
lºſ" . * : ſº"...? * ºn ºf Yolº --
Bºal. Tº ... º, ** Togo. ºil, in º - ne, CH
Irº-town. E. -- - - º' º * - " ". y: -- º \ ºlco . - 1999",
- -- -, * ºw ººººººººººoºw º Adam awa-Hºrrºr Toºl E
whenboro i. |-- º, vºo ºr ". phanti - - - - ax …
- - -- º jº. - whº, º 'a- Fludd, --- -- "Wººdºº
nº Y "º ſº gºast!"ºwn ſº, Tº
º *** * º -\, . . º. * ..., Madha a... - * , , º, … ."
Monroviº, nºwa 3 ºc oºs iſ ſcºlos, º, *, *, * southe C KAM ERUN ºn
| °. ina. : ºr, -- 3. s law” const *ER - º …' --
º - -- "rººm ſºns" . . Fº ºxcaval º º
º, to as t sº -o- Bight of lºº, ---
** Ivory " " º'Go Ld. Ben in º' victor, ---
º º * *elta. º º º ºrm.
- º F. p º, ºe
º º - M *|| º º º," - º
--tº-
L- Bight of Biafra - - §
- º -
Prº Le heardº Ilokº,
------------ AN - - - - * * #ſº
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º Cº. º. º n º "". *...º.º."ºn. Sº 9 **)}#} ºzº S. º. ºf A.
-" º, - º ºte" ºf \º º - º º - ºnn. {{ſº} % º º". - º º
ºn º buanº D º " ba. º º º º," *º:
* * * * º º - - """ º: * º jº " wº
- NORTHERN ºntº ºf ººoººººººº..."?
--- - T; - --- - º º
º º 9&ºlombo º E - - º -
º * \º - - bº. Zºº º, º
-. - - -i. - --- --- "Tº ſº. , -
- (). º ---' - º” º º - - º na, Jº ſº º Nº.
lºſ º ºf B. A. Wºº
- º Asſis fºr º Ado lºº nº
- * || O sº 7- - - *
tº coast. - Aſ B E N INºſ.
---. … - º º [[\ Iºnin S. O.
. . Kwºn --- ſº - -º - - Asabalºº
Cº. NY ºf - * *. º, *. --- - ---
w 7 ſº Tº * "º - "...º. º º º
*º - º: -
- º -- pºrtant dr" tº en rºw -º-º- º \º
- T. *. - º - º º ºr º º
- ºn - - º: º |X -
- - º - º *nglish Muaw Kingdeo º º
ºn Mu- ------ º - - º, º ,-,-, º D º
- - º --- º - ---- º - -
–*::::::::::::- -
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NORTH
AMERICA
–0rographical.
ido - 120
º: ºwn sovº-
º
º,
º rº º
º
º º
-
|
º
º º -
. -º
|
º
º
-
º
º
ſº º
Mi
-
- -
-
º
-- - -->
-
º
| |
REFERENCE to colouring
above 12,000 feet
6000 to 12,000 feet.
3000 to 6000 feet
1500 to 3000 feet
600 to 1500 feet
Son Lºvel to 600 feet
------
Sea Depths below 100 Fathoms English Miles
coloured in darked blue
-
8 E. CT 10 N ACR 0-88 UN I Tºl) sº Anºs
Rºcky Mº
Mºhaw wow, ºnna ºn
1. rºle-
Siena Nevada º on-tº-ºo:
------ - - - - -
__ - - - - Allºghany Mº-
wº- - - The ºre at Central Plain º tº
|
-oudo-reel
-º-º-º-

4.8 _NORTH AMERICAN COLONIES, 1755-1763.
95. ad an --- 7t, no do go nº º
- - - I - - --- - - º
* --> *(southampton º Tºyº. As º \ REFEREncº to colour Nº.
sº tº 1. C º * , 'sº | |British Territory
-. º -- ºn, -
- - ºvmouth - * * wº
ſ | * Q ºf. w - |rºw | French --
& W - ºpiº" ** a , , "...aw
ºv- Spanish --
º ſº º sp
U - Dutch --
- ſ -º- ſºn g avº
N. O. R. T. H. o N - º W Bay Swedish , ,
U D --- w -
- - - Territory east of Mississippi River
- - - British from 1763 (subsequent to
*W. A. L E S - the Treaty of Paris)
-
lang-10)
J a.m. e's
º inal)
Ş. Riverº
º
ºwulº.
!
- 1. -- 1524
--
º : ºverraº"
º
ſº
- º ona I.
|T- -
%. 1. -
I
-
ra
-- º º,
al º!" -
º
w
º
º"
º
Waw-
www.
º º
L'o u is A N A
to Spurlºn France tº
ºnar-tº-
-
- - n ov" na
º now." º ſº
---
liming”
º, Fear"
Limit ºf Franchºr"
Inº to Idºl
F.
-
manda)
- ...] or spaniº
- - - - - - - º º
prakººl-
ºntinº
ºº- izio -
30- Chronological Summary
1607. Jamestown founded
º 1608 Champlain founded Quebec |25 |
Nº 1620. The Mayflower Colonists -
- * º 1828-1732 Foundation of North American Colonies
1669-85. Explorations of La Salle
1670 Hudson Bay Co. founded
1713 Hudson Bay and Acadia ceded by France
- 1745-58 Capture of Louisburg
1759 Battle and surrender of Quebec
| --- " ()
| G iſ L. F. or M. E. x 1 C {
1760 surrender of Montreal
- º 1763 Canada ceded to creat Britain
- - - . . . ."
-- ---. --- - - -- - - 1.
- :*: -- - - - - º, Longitude West go of Greenwich 75 no --
- - _* - - - - - - - - - - - -
--- - - - - - - --- lºan-law at .

























































































1783.
NORTH AMERICA,
ºn -- ºrd º º º ad
w
Reference to colouri nº
| | British Territory
- | Spanish , ,
French --
| |united states
Wames of the thirteen havoſting
states in 1776 underlined red
|
º
-
- - 7
an - º
"southa ſ -
H U D 8
-
B A Y º
º Lofthe Wood-
º
º -
- º º N
- - Nº. ºstol § -
º, ...,xº
º AN \ ^*. º
ethnº".
--- T- -
- --~~~ º
ºº
Lºº
300
|mited States 1503
Tº:
º
\
chronological summary 25
º ". º - - 1765. The Stamp Act (Grenville).
º º, a waw 1767 Tea and Paper Duties (Townshend).
". 1- 1774 Congress of Philadelphia.
- 1775 War with Great Britain began
1776 Declaration of Independence
- ---- 1778. Alliance of the states with trance
- - º 1783 September 3-Foundation of the
º \ United States by Treaty of Paris.
\
- -
un º itude West tºo of Greenwich : : :* ::" :*::
- - - _ _ _ -- * ----
- --- -
nº



































































REFEREnce. To colouring
|British Territory
1938. Durham-R-port
maso reunion of Upper and Lower Canada
|- __ -
-
--- -
- -
-º-º: -- º:-
-- - - - - : -
-- -- -- -
---- - . - - - -
- * * - --- ". --
BRITISH NORTH AMERICA.
80 7t, to twº, º an 50
-- t º - - t
* - º - º º º
* * * s o w w \º º 1791
Y& - Moravia": º - -
º W º's |, ...,dard
º º" - 55 |
-------
--- º -
- nricost. - º -
- - - "|
Sº ſolº
*...sº Gulf of
- Sºleº
º ton)
1. - C. Bre -
º rºyale)
t º º º º
º “Tº º-
ºnal º Nº.
º * <! sº wº Sºnºhalifax sableſ.
wº.
English Miles
loo 200 -
Chronological Summary
1774. The Quebec Act |
1775-7 Invasion by North American Colonists
40
1783. Settlement of British Canada
1784 United Empire Loyalists' Settlements
1791 Formation of Upper and Lower Canada
l
do tºo 55.
1-2-1-war with United Stat-
1838. First Railway opened
Taar-e-The Papineau Rebellion
Chronological summary
2. ºt Athabasón
honaston L.
-
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THE WEST INDIE -
-
- A 7. / A W 7" / 6
- - - -- 2 tº º - { - 1609 Bermuda settled.
- º, tº 4- 1623 St Kitts colonised.
- 1625. Barbados
1623. Nevis
ºwhº ...'s soºn
1629. Bahamas ,-
| --~~ **, *.*. * *... Al-man ºr -
- ºn, 1... ? - Wºm, r - 1632 Antigua .
- 1655 Jamaica conquered.
- º *
- - nº
º: ,
º -- ºw . º º
º *: - º
Puerto Rico *... - º
º º, * * .
- -
sºvº º Bº
*": a pº
- Tº
grºundinº - -
º -
º
º
º care
- Nº. yºn m
- - Arºu us º
***** ****'.
---
-
1713 St Kitts assigned to England
Treaty of Utrecht).
- O C 1763 º º: º
- s ºn-tº- renada and Tobago acquire
gºº --- Treaty of Paris).
- - na º
º ºf a º
-- &
* 1. -Marºwana.
Little Ina,
- … " |-ºn-
º, sº
sº º sº." n-
Mºs . .
º gº ºfºrº tº º
-baº mºn "
-" …* -
-ºn- * -
- **ś * -
- - -
or tº: - -
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LEADING EXPLORERS OF THE PACIFIC.
150 ed º +O
I T
NOTE chronological summary
British Routes — 1513 Discovery of Pacific by Balboa
* French , 1520–1 Magellan
1577-80 Sir Francis Drake
1606 Torres
- 1615-6 Spilbergen
º 1642-4. Tasman
----- § 1701 Dampier
1740-4. Lord Anson
1766-8 Bougainville
1767-78 Cook
1785-8 La Perouse
| 1792-5 Vancouver
1872-6 “Challenger” Expedition
----------
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AustralAsia.
--- º º
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1708 Bass Strait discovered.
1804 Tasmania founded.
1809-21 Governer Macquarie.
1813 Bathurst Plains discovered.
1817-8 Oxley's Explorations.
1826 Darling River discovered by Sturt.
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r 1829 Swan River settlement. º § º
- 1836 South Australia founded. ***- º
10 - 1840. Eyre's Explorations, ºr "
1851 Victoria a separate colony. ºn-ºn-ºn- woul
I Gold discoveries. y-ºn-ºº-ºº-ºº.
1855 Responsible Government introduced.
1861-2 Explorations of Burke, Wills, Stuart. - -
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Reference to colouring
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| 2000 to 3000 feet.
1000 to 2000 feet.
Sea Level to 500 feet
Rowley Mºmoia neer
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NEW SOUTH WALES, VICTORI
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º:- - l
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ND, TASMANIA, & FIJI ISLANDS, 1905.
14t. 174 170 178
B. A. S. S. - -- - chronological summary,
- - -- ºfºrº. ºw" now." 1642 New Zealand discovered by Tasman,
- Flinders. º 1769-73 Cook's Circumnavigations.
uptiºn. 1349 Treaty of Waitangi.
barren. gºooºº- 1842 New Zealand separated from New South Wales.
º ºf Island, , Chatham Isles annexed to New Zealand.
lºw º: 1. º, º, Auckland Isles -- --
: Pºt º - º "...arett 1845-48
- º: ºussow. 1860-70 } Maori Wars,
.."º 1852 Establishment of Responsible Self-Governmen
º **ºnal.…, a 1865 Wellington made the Capital.
º, tº $.” 1887 Kermadec Isles annexed to New Zealand.
. Yºº 1900 Cook Isles -- --
- ---> |- " ºver Bay - - - - - -
pawawu Yºkº lº - - - -
%. \\ º º Crºº |.. - as
olº ºwnfalº lville
*ſº -- º it. * Gale .dot. -
--- Mºnary 1
º -
º Dhanssezőroup
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º
ºš.
7- º
º T
º
Manaureau haº §§ º -
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North Yº
º
;
Port W. ºw". Mr. º a Mawa.
Ranº - revº"
- ISLAND §." º º *a*t cape
- - Fºrwar. a.º. º
| | TASMANIA ºl. ºwnº. ºn
English Miles is borne K-
º-ºº-ºo-ºo: Tºo "overºy a
Reference to Counties
North Laland South Island ºfani. º
| Mººnw --- * Colºwood 54 Manuototo fºrwaa.
-*** 2-º-º-ººrºo - Wºmen 55 ºnwar
-** 21 wº Mº, wounda 56 lake 1. |-
- has or raland-º-ºwhua * Marºorowſ 37 ºpe/w
* Wºwº, ºn ºf hºowa 50 ºr woe Ba.
- nºn-on --tº-nº- ºf theºlor 50 ºtha. ºy º
--- ------- wº-lmur- to wouthland
* * - *- 40 mandahua tºl warrace
- - --ºrana +1 wºulder. tº ºoº-
* ºn -- ºn- 4- ºrex tº stewart/s. ºxº- - - yº, - º
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ld ºut- -º-º-º-º: ++ -lkaroa -
- than- ºf ºanºkº 45 yetwyn
11-ºn- * Mºaa. 46 tanºon. º
- wall- -------- 17 deraldºre ºw…Tº
1* ºn -- ſº- 47-law-mate º
-- º: -º-º: 40 Watland. º - º ſ
1. º. * Wºwº, º wºraku. º º
tº ºw-nº- -o-º-º- ºn Waimate Mº Mapaiº- Ti-
lºw-torna. - Mºrºa ºwn ºne ºy. * - ºlour. ſº Maºtaº
17 wºn- ºraliana. *I wºulouana. º sº $º" -
w --hºurt 52 P-nºnau/a. º: Nº ºf º -
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--- 2% º &wamp ºn
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- - - - -
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- - man.” º"...,n. "ºf" *...º.º. ºnwa
- - "...º. ...” vº" " " ºr W. Kºrºſ. ºw"º";,
- - - - - º ſº Wºl. - -
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- * Maununulla un ºvalau nºw -
ºğ. Harbour º '''''''''': - - - - ". a una" C O ſº O * OR -
º almar … -- - - - . . . -
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w ." * -- *A GRO
Lºw- r ºnvolod º or Nºu c. - - 1-
- º º 4 -
- .. - Lakevillaº -
ned pluſ nº *wan. º, *..., ºnanºordian- - … -- |-ºwn .
|- - wº, ontº" amu'. *Mbenghu, Wanº-ſºº. La hºm ba. º I .
-- - - ºn-
- all -
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- º - ºn 1 - had. wu º, in- º w º nºwn
- - windººlanatº - tº-
| - * * º ind FIJI. ISLANDS **** -
- Nanaº. - ºnale of Mile. nanna, wº * - -
| * - i- º - --- a ºn ſo ºn ºn ºn - ºwº- . lº
| º ºn tº a tºu- ſºlº".
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| --- Longitude East twº or Greenwich :::: *- :"... : : 17-7 17th 170 ºut wºr-nºw 100 ºr ºr ºn wºn 170 N
- __* - - - --- - - - -
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-
PACIFIC ISLANDS, 1905. . . . . . . . . .
14-0 150 1-0 170 18.0 170 1-0
-
-
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Gaspar A. C - –– I & F - I C
*… . . . . . Y -
*::::::- º *- ---ºr ºf -º-º- sº º -
*** **** - * . -
- - Marsh aiſl ºrchipe - *-i-º-º-º-º-º-
* lessº. - º *:::: ºnjº- *… 5
. - º º | -- - ---- - - - -
* º º º - - º º-
- - & * - - - ---
Arºra º - *: - - º -
- - º' -º-º-º: º -
-º- Phoen º sº s wºuld *… º -
is ºne * - / º º - º:****
|
* - - .
| - - - -- -- ºr ºr " º - ºratºrº
Talaºu º ºn e-º-º-º: º - ****
- ºl. º |-ºf- -
-wºr- C. e. n tra 1 ********** Sp or a des
Gilbert Hº-land 1. º º "ºne- tº
––ººl-º, ºrigs, º -- - | Fºuator
**onouriº - - I - º ºlº -
ºu-ºº. -ºr- i- - - s | --
- - - º - -
Lae. -º-º- ºr - - - |
agºes -º Tokelaur lº- º º- dº Marquesas ºr Mendaña
Islands - |
--- ºn, i. ---
biºceſs. * ". * 1- - - - -
- º- *ukuº. ---------- * . Manning islands *:::::: -º- -
- ºf 7 Fºº. Tº **!ººds. ††-º-º-º-º-
º “ p - -- - º * *º-º-
ºf wa-i-
-
º I sº-º-º-º-º-
- - - -
- * *
---
- - - - -
L - -- - - - - … --
-e s vº. - * ... ." - yº- º - |
a Espiritusº, # O *C *::: -- E. y A. * º º Vº º |
- º * --- - Vanualevº. lºsing: --- - - -o-º-º-º-º: Is - º - º _º
* Nº. **:::: º: Tongº Navigator | scº tº º º --- Paumotu or
ºr ºl vº" ºr sº ºf ºr --
* 1: . --- -** ºr ºf . tº - * : --" " - . -
- --- ------ e º º, A. lºº Ž, ºr wº 6 sº-" - Low Arºpelago
º-ºº-º-º-º: * †: Hºº-º-º-mº º' ºr "ºº" -
- - - º, Alºyalty it - * * º º º-- - - - nu-ºº. -º- - co
1 - New - * - - *** --- - º ºut 1. --- - -- -
*...**** caledoniº. ". - A- Cook is wº- º - --- - ºr -
*º- º *- - ***, * º º * -º "º
- º º - --- !" * - * - __*stralº-Tubuai is sº - i º - º-º-º-
- *º
lº -- ºn- . -
- - --- - -
. º --- English Miles
_ - --- - º --- --- º
- º ºnadec is - - 150 __ so
- 5. 1-0
1. * -- ºn 1
- oukal-º- - - -
- - - - ºw-tº- º ---
|-o -eſſed anºianº * Fº Keº Pomera - Bougainvilleº- -º-º:
º 170 sº --- - ºr . SOLOMON, sº I
| chronological summary. Nº ſº º - º - * - º isi. Anns
| 1511 New Guinea discovered by De Abrea.N. ºr T-13 May & E 4 gº - "ºisevº. X. Tº º, ºf
--- 1643 Fiji Islands discovered by Tasman. . … ---- - ** . - |
| |! :: * visited by Cook. - NEw-ZEALAND wº ºn- cº-
--- -- -- y --- - º New G º
|- 1874. --- --- annexed. - - tº- - º- --- *…** - Malayta l
i. 1893 British High Commissionership for º v. 1- asteaux Guad
- w - - --- ºuadalcanaell --
| estern Pacific organised. ... ºn- º - - lo-
|1899 Convention with Germany and U.S.A. º - sº ºn - San
Claims on Samoa renoun º * t toval
Friendly Islands Protectorate. *isiº. -tº-1. |\º | -
- - -
150 lººd Long-East 170 or creen- -tº-te- 15- º 3.
-
Teº-G-gº-º-º-
| British lºn" states clºna, I german bºa, ---








































* CHRONOLOGY & EXPANSION OF THE BRITISH EMPIRE.
sovereign. Acquisitions. losses. TREATIES, WARs.
STATESMEN.
- - - -
B.C.
B.C. | 55 - - - - - -
A.D.100–1– - - - - - -
|200|_) Roman occupation - -
- -
300 || ".
A.D. - - -- -
401
400 - --
500 49 KINGOOM of KENT
- - - - - -- I -
_600 1.
- ---
ool # supremacy of northumania
7 i - --- --
Bool #y supremacy of Mencia
325 p - -
|200|*****_ late peace of wedmont
- |Anchulshop Dunstan I. º
*H --- - - --- *. "T" |1000.
- -
- | 1016 lot. |
* DYNASTY º Norway, DENMARK inal Lothian cºded to scori-And -
| 1042 EARL (10 DWINE. -
1050”, EST Saxon I- - - - - - - - 1050.
| Bºsiº º - -
* Hººdºº. 1074 non-ANDY, MAINE - ARCHBishop LANFriano -
wiLLIAM . RANULF FLAMDARD -
| 10am ident ARCHHISHOP ANEELM
| 100 icº william L_* * _| | | Nohmandy SEPARATED FROM |100
- - HoROWN-I- ---
| | 1100 NORMANDY non) enous" crown * : |
|- | HENRY L. - - - - -
| | Rouen of sausaun-
- - 1130 1138.
150 -
|MoººsterHEN - - --- !!!” - | | 1150
| 1154. - 1164) ENGLISH chown 116a treaty or wal-Lindford Thomas Becket
- º -
NORMANDY, MAINE, ANJOU, TOURAINE, AQUITAINE hidhand de Lucy
- HENRY II. 117 IRELAND | RANULF DE QLANWILL - .
utin LTER -
| 1189 1100 THIRD crusade Richard I, HUDERT WA
1200L1199. RICHARD | | -- - - - 1200.
| JOHN 1704 Nº. MAINE, ANJOU, stripHEn LANarun
1zie' 1210. MAGNA darita qLorrºrley Fitz Pºrtin
| | - Hudent de launch -
- -
*I. HENRY III, - - - - - - - _|SMONDE MONTORY 1250. -
- 12-0 1209 theaty of panis Rodºnt Bunn-LL -
1272 ºntº | AQUITAINE SAVE queMNE and Haishop Peckham -
| 1294 FINAL conquest of Wales - ARCHBishop WINCHELsºw
Edward I, Tºru. The ATY or AMILNs. -
1300|| || |1299 scorland - - | | |1300 -
. |
EDWARD || THOMAs of LANCAstºn -
1327 ||1325 INDEPENDENCE OF Scotland 132 a treaty or nonthampton soot-and -
1434 Hundred Y-ARs' WAR -
1350L - --- ----- - | | |1850
Edward III.
| 1300 cal-als, quishes, Aquitaine anchbishop stratford - y
sm an all rh.possessions save calas!” ”" WILLIAM or Wyke HaM -
- BORDEAux, BAYONNE & CHANNEL is JOHN OF CAUNT -
|- 'achab I
140011899 - 1400
1413 Henry Iv. 1400 I-L-º-MAM
1422 HENRY v. 1420 Normandy, quienne, succession to FRENoH chown 1420 in-ary or thovia John, Duke of Bedfond -
Henry wi canºnial-º-AuroRº |1450
- - - - - - - Taº ALL FREnch possessions save | T ---
1-61 | dauais a channel is. WARs of the Roses -
| Edward iv Warwick, the KINGMAKER w
--~~ -
| ſº EDWARD V. CARDINAL MORTION -
1500 Richard III, - 1400 time on-air intencounse 1500
L1500 HENRY VII. candinal. Wolstºy
| -
| Henry will -- - the neronmation pan-i-nºr THOMA-CROMWELL
-- -
1----way will, Assumes Tit-- or king of Intil AND lºng-loºd the nº in
*:::::::: *- º - - --- | | |1550
lºº Bºuloun.
# Many tº Cal-Aſs
- | Duke of somenset
William Cºol L. Lond BURGHLEY.
| |ELIZABETH -----wound-MD '... -
00 tº spanish Armada slº Fºols WASNOMAW
| 1300 - - - - - - - - 1508 THEATY OF VERWINS 1600
--- | hº unior-o-na-I-H ---or-i-H drown- - - - - - -
-- - A, wholm.
JaME-1, wi. ºº::"
| us! ---------Huº-T- tan- or ºrnarrond
| lººd fºod-Lº in-connºotrout, 1440 Maunas, Main- * I bahnados.st, kirts, -
win
1650 tº cºntre . 104.4 º |Ruin lan 1043 artiar olvil-wah 11650
-- - - - - - - - - - ---
commonweal-TH sº at neuena tº Jamaica, Tube bunknk 1001 FIRST DUTCH WAR
-- -1500 - lºw dunkirk - ul-Ivºr ºn DMW.L.L -
| tº dowaaw, taxºn, goºd coast, 1902 Qambia, 1993 carolina, 1007 New Yohn twº dunk 1985 second Dutch wan, 1067 peace or Bheda -an- or cº-anandon
- CHARLEG-II, º Hui-º-º-º-º-
|- Earl of shartºsaurºy
º James II too, "" lºw ſandrº iºn war or THE REVOLUTIon
william & MARY”. Tº cºur* - - - - 1997 PEACE of Ryswick_ --- 1700
1702 ---------- non nºthinlands 1702 wart of THE spanish succession
º, Anne --- Minºn --- 1707 Lºuis-Ative union WITH 800TLAnd ***
- |aeonae . --- nºw---------nuh-wick-471-Hanov-n - tria P-act of urhºoHT, Trio Finst Jacouſte RIGINo. wºul/NT 10-INQBROK.
1725 man aroma. - -In Robert Wal-pol-
| - 17-9 spanish wan
1750 -º-º-º-IL - 17- ºr cond Jacourt nisinº Hºnny P-LHAM 1750
-1700 ºn Pºlupº-cuna at Lucia. Mantºniºur, duadaloupe. - - Lºud ºn Lucia. MARTINIQUE _* * wians' wan | º, ARL OF CHATRAM
--- Fºº" -in-a--- Vºl. ----- ----------- Guadalºur. in-theaty of Pahl- Lond .."
- - - - - - -- - - -
- - - - - -- - tº WAR OF AMERICAN IND-PNDºol admund dunk. -
mar awanaudº, nº audiº anº. ºn a Minonda, n. A-rºan ºl-ºn---ºu- tº-atºr or wºul-Lº. º,
- ºnº-1. - - -- - WILLIAM plit, THE YOUNGER
| 1300 | nº ºn two-ºº: - Co-oº-º-º-ow, ſº nº quana. Tº Tºlºlowº, º HONDURAS Tuºla nº unea rºck was - wannºn Hasinos 1800.
------ º * * * * * * uº. Lº--ºn-Uniºn witH in LAND duke or well-Lindton
º ºn Maunº sº, tº ººloº. oºlººls. Tºll ºutana, Iºlº sºon * Cºlºss ºr Vºnna as second place of Paºlº Geonor canMING
---- ---, --------- nºn-RT
º }aeonary ------ ** –lº. s|ſt nºn-RT. Pººl. -
ºw-law ºv --- - - " " | - - Lond John rus---
1850 - 140 * ºna, ºntº nºt nº lauan, nº* -- _|"""" - 1850.
* - - --- º * * * * - nº onlºn was nº cºlºrs waſ, tºol. Moºn |** "A"
ºveroa, * ºn tº ſºlº Tººmºº "ºne
emp or india ºn º -º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-o-º-º-cººl ºn tºtan of dºll", tº ºu u was W. - al-Amºttºn-
1- --º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º: "º wº ºr sal-Isaury
- ------ - - - - -
------- º º: º: ------, -ul- ºr-
- - - - - - - -
ºn tºwawl ºnvºy - --> "..." 1000 tºnation of Auºlº commonwealtº |
--- accessions coloured bankmen losses coloured blue.


















USE only
/*
III.iii.II
.*

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º c. 3 ** {P
# * : * * * * * * * * * * * * * - ~ w ſº tº º f
º, º Aºtº Cººse. . . as w tº 4. ~ “...ºr * * * * *
- * . cºrº , , - p., ºr sº -
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