********** * rººf' * * È # ſæ，ğ T [I] ſ {-{ ŽÞ: : O ș>| }> ?<ſ ID R. C. SELWYN, LL.D., F.R.S., Director. ANDMATURALHISTORYSIRVEYOF CANADA ALFRE yº. ^{ r §CIEN ( I, IH RAIRY - (5talumiralatayaturalíſisturusururumfºulia. - - - - ALFRED RCSELWYN, CMG, LL.D., F.R.S.8c, DIRECTOR. - - - 1887. - - 95.30 - - 955 - - - 95” 94.45 K. f ºne º 'º Rºž rles º º 94:30 94.5 94.” l - º - - Manitou Pepin (; Lake ~~~~ |-v-/ Malachi Lake Du ... Yº M \, Reserve & - * Renniºs º-º-º-º: 4/y I050' Somerville/ ap *, *). º -j- 1056." Rºss º: "º Cross Lake Nº. 1088' NY |- - - - - - - - - - – A *. (...” Yaº ºn Y \ c || || - ----- ºf Z-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Note 1. Lake Rosing 2. ~ \s- ° (; ^^ - reenwater Lake Lake Belle The country in the immediate vicinity of Big Stone Bay, and to the south-east of it, is the most promising gold mining district in the Lake - C. ºf the Woods. From the south end of Hillu Lake a system of veins, - generally parallel to the time of contact of the hornblende-schists and - º º altered traps with the granitoid gneiss of the Laurentian, trends first º - º - º, - -- cº- - | `--- º - Kalmar 1214' southward and then sºuth-eastward to the base of Pipestone Point- These include the Pin Portage, Sultana, Keewatin, George Heeman, - - Winnipeg Consolidated, Canada Gold Mining company, Gold Hill Mine ºlº ºn tº ºe are coarsely crustalline basic rocks, composed largely ºf triclinic relº- ºr, hornblende and biotite, with a little bluish quartz. They are apparently all integral part - ossland *__ º º ss I- - it:25 The rocks ºn the vicinity of |S º º - Q J. 7a. rºl. ey £, A. e *º \ - k - ºracehºr pºrt, e g - - - T- XVIII º- XIXſ, LNelson ºf XX Osteºpº., and other leads, that shºw promise of becoming mines ºf properly de- West veloped. None of these leads have as yet been very eatensively worked. - º The Pine Portage and winnipeg Consolidated are the only ones upon Hawk Lake - X Vehich operations have been pushed to an extent to warrant their being XVI XVII º º 49.45 called mines. The ºld Hill Mining Company's property is being * - - -- systematically prospect a this year (1886). Further prospecting to the - 9. - south-east of the latter property in the vicinity of the contact of the ſ schists and granitoid gneiss, would probably result in new discoveries in - º auriferous leads, as this contact appears to condition the occurrence of - these gold bearing veins in a great degree. Note 2. on some small Islands ºf the south-west side of Shore Island, a very fair quality ºf blue-black clay-slate suitable for roofing purposes occurs. * The same argulitic rock ºurs elsewhere on the shores to the north ºf - the outcrop of granite ºn Fellow Girl Point, but the slatº cleavage has not been sufficiently developed in it to render it serviceable. - - - Note 3. A boss ºf coarse-grained, gray granitoid gneiss prºjects through the schists on Quarry Island, and on the oppºsite shore. A quarry has been opened in this for material for bridge piers, and the gneiss or “granite” as it is called, is found to furnish e-ement blocks for heavy masonry. Small veins ºf quartz carrying molybdenite traverse the gneiss in places, and larger veins of molybdenºte have been found in the country between Quarry Island and Rossland. Note +. Along the railway at this point are good opportunities for opening a granite quarry, the roºk, which is in places of a fine red color and good quality, being well exposed close to the track. Note 5. \ 8 A little to the east ºf Hawk Lake station, a quarry has been opened in a gray gneiss for building stone, and the material obtained there is said - by practical men to be the best working º quarrying sºme along the line WP, L- _- Hºnº A. ºf the railway. It has been used chiefly for foundation purposes, but - (*/. - ºl. 2 would make a very serviceable stone for the walls ºf ordinary buildings. - 27. nie SC2, 49.45 - - - - … which they mergi. Indian Reserve 38 B. Lake of the 7"wo Mountains 2^^ - Fºtº- e -º-º- s -Q Mud Porſº - - - - - - - - - - Cº. º º More / ... • * as - B a y * S. The course ºf the ºne of contact ºf ºne green schists and altered ºne ºn the gººd eiss is here ºr ºl, tº cº- sing dºwn ºf access. It is ºn ºn to use somewhere within the tº detºed tº ºverses along tº ºut-º. … ſº-, Hollow 1. - Note º- º AP The gneiss ºf the south end of Darlington Bay has been used for - °22 y building piers ºf tºdges between Rat Portage and Keewatºn. - d * * -35° % *% guagy £3. ºf a ge -* £º River Note 7. - *-- *_ along the shore are occasional patches ºf brick clay one of these on - |--- " || || ____ __ *~ * Fitzgerald's farm has been utilized for the manufacture ºf brick, TTTTTTTTTTTT 50,000 having been made. Note E. º ** arriºr (P º --- some ºf the felsites would make good hones, and others ºght probably be of economic value asſurnace linings. *7. --- --> - - - - - - Radia. - º Nºte. a wºma/ 'hands of black carbonaceous sººty. Wan ſº dº of dolomite of smaſſ ºf Reserve Snowshoe B. 2P") tºurnerº oºzen ºne - - ºacº º O tº 7 Spik ºr. jº º ---. --- - º - º -- - --- - - - - - - - - - º º º - º º - | * - - - cº- --- ºA " ºn 3 - - -- º T 1. - - - - - - - - --> - º - - - - º Dr. `. - º e. Second Correction Line | L E G E N D . Keewatin (//wronian 2) º º - - º- Q_º -" - * * - - - - - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - --- 3- " - - - .*** - - - --~~) ºr * gºv" . - Kºrº lºsſº Hydromicaceous schists and nacreous schists, with 493d == some associated chlorºtic schists and macaceous scasts. -T- 49so Clay-state, mica-scºust and quartzite, with some fine-grained gneiss. Agglomerates and other coarse castic rocks, all more ºr. or less schistose and generally of volcanic origin. N*º ---- r 2---- Z º *Dryberry / ---- Hornblende –schists and altered traps, with Elm 1:19 some ſh/orite-schººsts, o/, volcanic origin. - Laurentian. Maud Y Lake The ºps ºf the strata throughout the field ºr with ſº º ºss angles, ranging as a rule from 70° to 90°, ºvº- º ºs - 4. Nº lºcalities ºn tº ºniº of the Norºe ºn the s 11- ruptive Rocks. rock-ºsºned at angles as low as soº, but this is not persºn. º Later irruptive basic, rocks. - †: A = - - - … . Jº --- --~A tº º - - - - - - º - º --~~~~ - .* º - - º ºve -- - Inde-r ºn Island Coarse granitoid gneiss. tage de Bois: ry Portage ºw-a-wa- winnayway | I - - | - Ind" º 31 J. 3+B. Fe Fe/site, micro-ºrarize, quartz-porphyry. ºrtage Peninsula * Indian Reserv - * 37B 8-34C. (ºr Granate. i -- Vertica/ .5/rata. The interior of this peninsula has not been cº- pºored. So far as access has been had to it. º appears to be composed entirely ºf course-tº- -- --- - – Dips. - -- - -------------- --- - -- ~} - - --- -- - I - ºs-º-º-º-º- - || || ºtrºke. 2^ ------------------ -- Indian Sºº-ºº: - - Z --- ~~ --- 2- W. J.- … , tº // ST"---- º-º-º- - - -º-º-º- - - \ A …” º 2’ º º, rounded by hoºdºº and altered tº - - - - | \ y 2" *s, 2. 3 * which for the most part dip away from it, tº ! º ºx / 2. * geological structure being that ºf an ºne- - - º \ A. º ºnal done. * --------- - - - º --" *~ * / ----- * - - - - - - - - - - ! º - - - - **. -- - - *~ --- _ - A - ! - ! _º * ºl . a "- ºclone al - - - - ~. - 1. ~. ~. T. r - - - - - . | º - ! : º º H º : - - - - w - - - - - - º - - - - - w - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - w - - - - - - - - - - - - | - - - - - - - - - - - ." º º - - - - - - r - - - - - | - . - º - * 1. º ! - - - - - - - - - - - : *~~~~ ,” ſ º º - º * . . . * : ſº 0ak Island - - - - . - - - - - - - º - - * - - … - - gº Tº w - _------Tº-*- ſ 2–~ º, --" ~ ...--------------- - UX * - --" *~ --~~ T---- c. * - \ --" N ~~~ *~ - - ---- - - - - w - - …” ------ --- * …” *- - ". - - - - - \ …” -- ~ - … ------------ º - - - - - - -- *~ - - -- *-- --- - - - - º \ …” --" - - ,” .* *~~ - \ - \ - - º - * - º - - º .." ** \ , … " *- º \ - - º º - ? - - - - - - - - - - - - - * - ! | …” - - | ,” ** * \ º - - * º ! * -- - -- - : !-- - 5 - º w - w º -- - - - - - l ! . r * º - * * . - - - ! º \ - ſ º - 3. - ! - - - - - ! --> * > t : i = - - 5 - - - ! i -- - - - - E - ! - \ - | + - --- - | !- - - -- ,” \ - ! | ! ! * * - : tº º, º - - , - - | - - 1. * - - - - - - W - - - C - - ! | P- - , º ºr * : --, - L/ 49 is N T-TT-I-T-7- Hº- - H- - s ! } - y # / ; ; ; | º ! | | | - º A - - º | º ." / ! ! ! ! \ ! º : ". * / \ | | c f A - o - - - - - ! - - - * ! - | - § ! - A d A / | | ! \ º \ º : ! - f / - º ºn 7 S. w | - A - , ,” ! | \ \ - ". y ! º | - º - - * - - a .* S. § -- / - * / \ ! - \ * , * , º º - - / - - - _a . - - \ |-w N ! º - - , - A Z \ | \ \ ** º º ſ A - A ,” º - - # - - - º - - - .* - - \ w , t * - -- *. º .” - - - / -: - - - - - - -- * ..." - - - * , ," - - - --- - l - = - º \ - | - - - - - 3. * * * 1062 Feet above Sea Level -- - - - - - ºf 3 × º º º 2 : 5 # 3- - - - - . - - º - - "E 3. - - E - -> - - - - - - -- - º # ; : - #s * - ; :- # E # 5: Driftwood P. - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - -- E - # = - = * = - - EC --- -- E - - * = F = º 3 - sº º 5: 5: 5 5- # = 5.5 + . - E - e. º - - - - - - - - º B ºr ºf 5 F - - - - - - * - tº 3 & 3. ºr- - - - - - d - - *- --~~~ --~~ | - - - - - - - - - Cornfield / *2 º'. Bºº, /s/area tº l - - - - - \"" - - -- 2. 17 º - º: -- - …T. º. º. ~ º --- - - — - l 2- - M assacre 5. º º - - { 22, YPainted Rock Island º º ºrt º Bay. 953 o' 95 is - - - * r , , - -- - - - — —º - =- - 15 95 Longitude West from Greenwich *_ _ ! ºx S- - 94.30 94. Com/2//ed and draw, by A. E. Barlow, B.A. - - - - - - 1 - i ic Co. - Natural Scale 126.720. - The Burland Lithographic Co. Montreal Scale 2 Miles to One inch. 1 + () L 5 10 15 Miles. Sources of information. E-L-L-I-H = | - l –– - H == - H = Joint Maps of the Worth American Boundary Commission published in 1873, Domirnor, Lands. Block Outlines, Department of Indian Affair.” and the GEOLOGICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF THE NORTHERN PART OF THE LAKE OF THE Woo DS AND ADJACENT COUNTRY. anadian Pacific Railway surveys, surveys by A. C. Zawson /* * J. W. Zyrrell 1883-84, A. E. Barlow arraſ W. H. Smith //y,8.5. - - - BY A.C. LAWSON. M. A. 1885. FIG. I.-Section of borings for foundations of South-West Mirannichi Bridge, Intercolonial Railway FIG. II.-Section of borings for foundations of North-West Mirannichi Bridge, Intercolonial Railway. FIG. III.-Section of borings for foundations of Restigouche Bridge, Intercolonial Railway. - Spring flood ſazz . . . evel ºnfumn of 1873, ſº feet above high water of Ba. º:// % gºź % Scale of all the sections 150 feet to 1 inch. a. sand. b. Gravel. c. Clay, stratified or unstratified. f. River silt, probably stratified, d. Middle Carboniferous Sandstone. g. Calcareous Slates (Silurian.) Note.—Figs. 1 and 2 are reduced from plans given in the Historical Sketch of the Intercolonial Railway by Sandford Fleming, C.E.; and Fig. 3 from a tracing obtained at the time the borings were made in 1872. None of the deposits passed through were seen by me except the upper sand and gravel, and the division's given are therefore upon the authority of the Railway Engineers. R. C. SECTIONS SHOWING CHANGE OF LEVEL, IN NEW BRUNSWICK SINCE THE TERTIARY PERIOD : BURIED RIVER CHANNELS WHICH WERE THEN ABOVE HIGH TIDE LEVEL NOW FORMING ESTUARIES. 9% y & T C & Lake Mºsſassini is about 1350 feet above sea level. § File-axe lake - * ſh little File axe Lake 50” ... / Jugglers Mt. - / B - - - - - - * \º N Sººn \ isº f \ - º - -- w -- - Nº. º - N wº f º reque” - * A - º - ---- \ --- ~~ º -- & / - - wº ºf º, sº ºn , 2 / scº ; : / º / -- º - _º º / - wº -- * -- - ſ / - --- / º - º / --- - * / / - Z - A // / / / / - / / / A / || 51" *_^ A. (5rulmiral mºatural histurusururuut (ſamāha. Alfred R.C.Selwyn, units &c Director. M A P O F LAKE MISTASSI WITH GEOLOGICAL BOUNDARIES To illustrate the Report of A.P LOW, B.Ap.Sc. Scale: 8 miles to linch. . . . . . . -- - - -- - - - - - 1886. Geological, INDEx. NI A - Laurentian. B - Huronian. C - Cambrian. 74. THE BURLAND LITH.co. MonTREAL. 2. . e. M A P OF LAKE MIST Ass INI.s.” pºa % tº Örulumiral mºatural histurusuturumigamin. ALFRED RCSELWYN, LL.D., F.R.S. &c. DIRECTOR. 1886. Nº. 1. - - - --- - - 1. - - - - - 5. Sw. - N. wº. 64" NORTH U (adman º' - - - * - º º MB - 6330 -º- - - º º º - - º º º, ºpe brain M1 - ºpe Jourt mann --he - s. ºpºlº AP º Rºleshºmogue Explanation of Colours. an º G- Permoºrboniferouse ºrarºonººroºs. - - : --- - *- II as " º - - H - - - – 46 º º -- - The Iron ºre deposits of the Londº - ind ºntº occur in a well-defined ºut ºf nº- -lºn extend for many miles along the south - of the cºuld nºuntain range. They also nº a considerable development in Pictou Co., ºne- their stratiºnical positiºn is more easily det- mined. Though iron ores occur in this co- ºrnations of various -- the ºries - tº largely slate and quartzite, whº contain the Londonderry ores and their equivalent-el-ºr- renow generally regarded as of Middle or cº- lurian age (see ------ent - G- ---- ages ºn and 92. Trans. N-S inst vol - nº 7. The same view was presented by ºr ºil-in in his ºne- ºre the ºrican nºt ºn- -º-º-º-º-o-º-o-º-o-º-o-º-º-º-º- -----------e stated to be inte-late ----- the to selliterous ºne sºlutiºn and tº ºld- earinº strata of the south coast of Nº-º-º- ------ distance west of the Londo------- -Smith P. -- beds of ºnly crystalli-e liºn-ºne-o-º- - associated with ºl-lº -lates. -- a------- - º, - - cºmpany this belt of roº turquºut ºn | - Mackenzie ºf | - of its e-tº- - - - ºak a - - - - - - Durhºº - - - - - - - | Por º, - º * 4. N.E. - - Cape - - - /sº - - - - - - - - ºf - - The age of the rocks composing the Cºuld - - - - - - coal Measures. º- º hadºwen - Settlement PRºvince ºur-DARY ------- ----- s - Tºubridge Lºfºtone ºf º - - settlement ſ > | - ºneer- | cartorturerous. - Lewis Head Pºwº ºarranz. Lountain range has been for many years a wººd ºuestion -------to-on-tº-ºº-º-º-º-º: - lower portion of the Upper sºlutiºn, until tº dº covery of fossiliferous rocks of this age on ºn- - northern nanº at wentworth, proved ºn tº ºn to - ºn lower ºn in Tºrº N. S. inst of Nºt sºlº Vol Ill-º-º-º-º-o-º-º-et- ºnic and largely volcanic portions of the range - connaired by D-one- to tº tº Quebec -ou and subsequently in vºl - nº ºne claimed for them an ºn tº - - ----------------------- -º-º-º-º-º-º-o-º-o-o-º-º-º- 45-51 Brunswick Bailey, sº wºn Dawson pointed out A lºud ºf their ºrea resemblance to the ºn group ºr y Tºmºe - - New Brunºvicº ºne ºuronian or Pre-nº- - - /- of which was subsequently clearly indicated by the º - presence of unconformably overlying areas ºr ºrie - - mordial rocks. The Coleºnid series underliº uncon- - ºft's" º "ºº" - º - - - º º - - Hº - - to-bly the rock-o-ºne iron ore belt-a- º - º - *"ºº-ſº - ºn * - - - - - -- - - the range on the south, and which are ºnly - Mary's Pt- º - º - - - - - - - - A - - - - - - º º LN.E. Mullen P. **. w ** - N. D- (amºro- - v. - - - - - º - - - - - |-ºarrara. - - - - - - - - - - - - ºpe - - - --- - - - - - - - - - Dentotserve - - - - - - - - - - - - Pławtº Grande Nº. - - Anst black º º º. º§ Mir - * B | *-ºrrºr. - º - sººn º, ºn tº º - º º ſº. (ove - - - - ºnwick. - - Paterize - Mºorººz º.º. of Cambro-Silurian age ºut their close unological resemblance in many respects to Pre-Cambrian rocks, both in New Brunswick and ºne ºreton, nº led to their being assigned to the same lo- position in the geological scale. taſ' º . º,…, - - - - - - - - Parish - --------—-County - - ºst ºranº. _________ Province - | º Fºliº - º ". * 6-fºo Longitude West from Greenwich 64. 63 so - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - -- A sw. - - - - - - Compiled and drawn ºcott War/ow assisted by M.Zºroa: /; on Surveys made by //e Admira/y Vºerco/onia/ /*a*ay waſ ſºo/ºca/ºys. - ---------- ... -o-º-o-º-E- To illustrate Reports by Messrs Scotſ Bar/ow WMºuzºſ and ſº WA//s/572-/º/, aſ/v.ºrwev Messrs. Sº ow wife M.A.//s. - * Yarveyed by Messrs Scott War/ow ºut and /º/, ///s PROVINCE or MOVA SCOT/A Avo 121/??" or V/"W /º/, //MSW/CA. - * * - - - - - - - Nai Scale gººd. ºne ºf miſes to one inch. H- - l º 5. -- 15 Miles. º Dº dºeſronº (il Coºper ºf Mr. Manganese. EEE ºwn. (E) Fossils y T-72 , NOVA SCOTIA AND NEVV EFU NSVVICEC. (SHEET 4 – N.V.) #"; © 2 tº Örülumirºlam Naturalºisiurusmithſºulin. ALFRED RCSELWYN, LLD, F.R.S.&c. DIRECTOR. 1885. 110 o' ilo" 109so 109" 108:0 108" 107 ºn 107. 106.30 10t, f / | * or ++&— Dry uhdulati - 27 Illuſ - ſ - I - * * / + º d ating plain. º Undulating to level prairie. - - f R ugh and hilly, - * * - º - * * - - -- º º - - - - º º d / _H-----------f *Clay soil assing into + loam Clay d | | | - * - - t º . Li htly uſ dulating plai Undulati - S/º - and play-loam soil, - *. \ º l - - S/ Hrass fair. - - ly fertile. Loamy soil. 51" Sº, C quality 2+ ( * - - - º, . * *. ---. Grass fair. *** * * ſº. … * * h, hilly-cºuf - - " " . " 7 - 51 ºf Grass, gº - ~ - - - - Eyebrow tº º ^ --> º - - \\ - & * N º --| \{ | - - --- º- - º Lightly undulating plains, dontaining a large area of good Eyeſ. Rolling Prairie. . . . Tº *. º º farming land. Clay-loam soil. - Sandy,loam tº sandy soil, ſº º s - mostly of fair quality. -- s - - -- s * R -- t - º- |- less - to level prairie. : - --- …” N. milla | º - º - Cº-ºº- º --- 2228 - º |-->" ºf 1. º - -------- - -- - º º: - - º *Tº Vermílion º - o - - º, 22% ºf - "º º - º ºl. º FS-sº º ſºlſkali A. - - - - r . s - - atchewan - 2400 * º ^so * - tdinº - *. ºr 'º º, Fºº - X- ſº - º hills, º º, ſº, I º - - *_ - | |- ſ - and rolling. Well grassed. - - - - - *. | -TT 5030 º - * | |- - - - grass good. - *. | - - •e -- - - w - - Tºs- º º º & -- ---- - º -º- |- *Hillº, º ºw- - - º ſ - ------- -Hº s -i > 50% - || *||* º ony t - *— - º y tops, ! \ , ) º 55 f. º º CANAD/ 2. - - % & idº' - AW 2 scartºº º * bert ^ St. Morse T-1- * * - -- el-toe - - - - - c 2287 º- º - |ly rough and hilly, N & | –º > º RU ºp Lare RT, * - " " - *ex. º ---- º º º º - fºrtile flats. ºf" Big Stick º - 1. - ^2, Lake - ºf - - _^ 225- -- r: Q - º 2442 º * º: - | -- | \ | || || - - |- - 2 t - - - *. - º º . - l /- * 23 º * (*~" º, º * ºvr - º V izºW Undulati |al Crane Lake cº º - ulatin ain i 242d w º idiarteft: , XXVI g|plain. - *NY %a. ethbridge #" Forres II XVIcº * xxy xxiv. ºrface º ſfordin º - ----- –l it _ - |- * }} - a sºlº, ſº º źrk SOITTg Tarſū - XVI | xvº"x" - XII V III II º Soy ------ - - - --- - - . - - T - Re- -- - - -- - ---, - "- --- - - - - CF: | - * - - o㺠- Illilore - - Swl FT CURRENT -- CREEK - - -º- -- º º sy % ºil- Some fertile patches. --|-- arming land. Stony and hilly. wº-º-º: - * Ica wad, 4, |, … TI-y-tº PLATEAU - º *. º - Irvine- -- - - º - Beſt? -- º ſ W 50" cº "º 1. . . . 9% - Z * - -- Hay 1, Yºº- F * } : *. - -- *5. = --- º -- ºſº ||fººts | | | 3 ºf \ } Maple |_2,…” ſº = - º- - º - -- - | - - Z’ herº bundant and of the first quality. shelter, º ry º - | - º º * Nº. & - ºf S - - = Su - - - - º - ºa e . . . * sº |S - º - \| -** - - *- º º - - i § º º- * --- * * ss * ºf, - º L \- ſis º ſº. Tº Yº W º * * ſº --- -ºº º *Nº º º * Arts too ſ º -** --- - *- - º The Gap" ** -A- - -- - e/ --- ſº 3.720 - 4930 - . - - - - - *-* --- --" - * * *** º - --- - sº 32400 ". ~". a hilly. Glass ood. 4930 - | º wºr: MUD ||R1 ver º sº | : ºf- Tº º ºſ--- - - - ...] /* º PLATEAu -- : Sºlº/ - --~ : - -lº i ºf - º - º - & * - º - - - sº i º - \ º : - - Gras | - - - | .** º ; sº, - \º s --" * S on p atéau an - *Aſ I Drybråſen foºtwº . s --- *|along northeft slo º -H== 21. - 2 º i º Barrêa aſ hless. º -(2—s a - º s—º º - 4. - - - : *--- *_ N °, -" º / : *---- - +. --- - …” º if i ----- Kºkowki L. *. Nº. --- ſº * Nº.” * Dry Pºiº covered * cactus. N Rſ.` º -. - - - - * º º . | - gh roll g hills, A- | --" º * - - º --- - º - º º - * * * - * lateau well grassed. * * - º old MAN on His BACK * * * º' - Nº || || || > | | | | \ \º- ºl. PLATEAu | º: * * * 3 - ** . - - - º * \ º - - ps swelling into comparatively - \ . - Sola hardclay-loam. Vegetation fair." - - MEAN ELEWATIGN 3000 FEET º country fairſvº- - 1. º y fairly \. º º'º well grass dº ſº ------------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -------- <2, ſº \ º f ºf º "º º * "**** º * Arºlſ, ſº - º Bo .." - ºlº - º PLATEAu . - tº ºf ºf but well gººd º - ". º 3220 ºr “º wº - 3-e-ºs-e- Bºugaa.... . . - 49” - | Bouwdahy pºwer, The n .* 3005 * * *-ºn-º. |- -. --~~~ ºf 2001/W10M of &AWA0A A/o the UM/Ted 37Arés - º, º º - \ \º-" - lidºo 10" 109so 109" 10830 Longitude West from Greenwich 108° 107:0 107° 10630 - - - - - - - - - the humanpºlithographiccolin, womani, compiled and drawn by //, //ou/zrºy, / Apºc - D S T R C T OF A SS IN | B O | A N.W.T. - L E G E N D g 5 Scales Io an L | | | | | | | | | 1 I - Whe coloured spots show; in most cases the acława/ Awosition and extent of the wooded areas, Zuz fºr some Zoca/ºzzes the informa- zzoa is rºof szz//icienz zo enah/e this to be indicated except in a general way ſnfor: mation as to character of soil and dºts- tribution of wooded fracts derived ºn part from reports of //ominion Zand surveyors NOTES. The district may be divided according to relative altitude into plains and plateaus. The latter form the uplands of the region, and vary in height from those which scarcely rise more than a couple of hundred feet above the general level, up to plateaus like the Cypress Hills, which, at its western end, is bounded by abrupt escarpments fully a thousand feet high, from the base of which a further though less rapid descent of about 1,200 feet must be made before reaching the level of the surrounding plains. The plateaus are usually very irregular in outline, and are trenchedinalldirections by deep andwide valleys, * every streamlet soon wears a deep channel in the soft rocks of which they are composed. The Côteau differstoaconsiderable extent from the other plateaus, and is characterized by a more uneven surface, which with fresh water. MAP SHOWING WOODED TRACTS AND CHARACTER OF SURFACE OF THE CYPRESS H | LLS WOOD MOUNTAIN AND ADJACENT COUNTRY is dotted with a multitude of small lakes and is often boulder-strewn. The plateaus, owing to their height, have too cold a climate to be of much use from an agricultural standpoint, but are admirably adapted for grazing purposes, as they are always covered with a luxuriant growth of grass, and are well supplied The low-lying areas are separated by the plateaus into three distinct plains. The largest of these is the great plain which stretches from the Cypress Hills to beyond the Saskatchewan, and from the Coteau to the western edge of the map. One of the most re- markable features of this plain, and one which testi- fies to the aridity of its climate, is the entire absence of any general drainage system. Throughout its whole extent of nearly 10,000 square miles it does not support a single stream which flows the whole cellent crops. year through. It must not be inferred from this, however, that the district is incapable of cultivation, Old Wives' Creek, and contains a considerable area of as farming operations have been successfully carried on in a number of places for several seasons, and the soil is apparently able to retain sufficient moisture throughout the summer to enable it to produce ex- The part of this plain best suited for agricultural purposes lies along the foot of the Cypress Hills slope, and north along the Saskatchewan. In the interior the surface is frequently interrupted by areas of drifting sand, and high bouldery ridges are not uncommon, The second plain is situated south of the Cypress Hills and White Mud River plateaus; its western part is underlaid by a hard clay soil and is hopelessly barren, but towards the east it becomes much im- proved, and is tolerably fertile. by- R. G. M. C. C. ONN E L L B. A. | 885. covered by the map, of about 1.95 feet per mile, and an average current in low water of 2.5 miles an hour. The wood in this district is confined entirely to the higher plateaus, the river valleys, and to the sand-hill areas, and is nowhere very abundant. The largest supply is found in the western part of the Cypress Hills, where several square miles of the sur- face is covered with a thick growth of white spruce, (Picea alba,) the trees ranging in size up to twelve or fourteen inches in diameter. In the eastern part of the hills the general surface is treeless, but groves of poplar, aspen, and spruce occur at intervals in most of the valleys and along the edges of the plateau. Wood Mountain and Swift Current Creek plateaus are both wooded to some extent, but the supply is more limited, and none of the groves exceed a few acres in extent. - The third plain corresponds with the basin of good loamy land. A more detailed description of each of the above plains and plateaus will be found in the accompanying report. Taking the district generally, probably about five- sixths may be regarded as fitted either for cultivation or grazing—a large proportion, when we consider the fact that the region in question is undoubtedly the most arid in the Canadian North-west. The Saskatchewan flows through the northern part of the district, and is navigable for light stern- wheel steamers for two or three months during high water. In low water, the number of shifting sand bars which block its channel in so many places renders its navigation by boats of any size almost impossible. This stream has a slope, in the district Old-Man-on-his-back plateau and Boundary pla- teau are entirely woodless, and White Mud River plateau and the Côteau are practically the same. The Walley of the Saskatchewan for a few miles below Medicine Hat, contains a number of flats which support groves of large cottonwoods, princip- ally Populus monilifera, some of the trees being from two to threefeetin diameter. It is then almost treeless until near the mouth of the Red Deer, where wooded flats are again met with. At this point, in addition to the members of the poplar family, and such common shrubs as the Choke Cherry, (Prunus Virginiana,) the service berry, (Amelanchier alnifolia,) and some species of willow, the white birch was also observed. Below the mouth of the Red Deer groves of cotton- wood and aspen are seldom absent for any lengthened distance all the way down to the Elbow, and for a number of miles above the latter place, they form an almost continuous fringe to the banks of the river. Old Wives' Creek is wooded for some distance above its mouth, chiefly with the ash-leaved maple, (Negundo aceroides) and the same tree is also found on Maple Creek, Fish Creek, and other streams flow- ing from the Cypress Hills. Swift Current Creek, and that portion of Milk River within the limits of the map are both sparingly wooded, but the White Mud River and the East and West Forks of Milk River are entirely destitute of any arboreal vegetation what- soever, after leaving the vicinity of the Cypress Bills. The sand-hill areas are usually sprinkled with a scattered growth of shrubs and small trees, consisting principally of cherry, willow, aspen, birch, and rose; in one or two places isolated groves of cottonwood were observed. Geographical Miles. In - - _ l _ - - t I Statute Miles. - / Natural Scale ºozºº HEIGHTS N FEET ABOVE SEA-LEVEL. 2u. Sources of information. Main geographical features of townships marked ºy heavy lines from the Wominion Zand surveys. Region in the vicinity of the 49 "para/e/ from ſoºn surveys of the Aorth American Boundary (ommission. Surveys ºv/26/"Conneſ//3%////ou/ng/9% 2~ : * o"; MAF of , § º CYPRESS HILLS, WOOD MOUNTAIN AND/ ADJACENT COUNTRY. Örüluſirilamºaturalºisiurusmthºfðam. ALFRED RCSELWYN, LL.D., F.R.S. &c. DiRECTOR. 1885. 107." 106.30 IOt, Cº- - * º º º tº * º º * . . - - -, * * * - c - % * * d : ( . . . º ſº Tºº º * ºne º . ſº 51 N - - & -- ºt, º º - | - - º * i. - º - - º 2255 º º - º - - | L}^ --- º º Weſtmilton| º º - º Hills tehewan lding 5030 ---, - -— - * ||50so then. ſº - - - - - º wº. º D. 2'- - º - ºr rº -º º Stick Lake -o- º 225A s - -- ºlº - - - ſº º - --~ *- 2. º V º- := - º º - º Goose Lake - - º y - 2441 º L- º- - - . * ºs- Tº . * 5 * \ º º º - Many Island * * -- - - |- --- º * * - * . º | - - - - Tº | V º Crane Lakeſ --- . - ake | º Z 2420. l, of the Marrows º º - to Lethbridge - Z.Vº inniore - * Ica wad, S nº - w 50 a - - º, -- - - - º º- º º, -- *jº o - - - -* - -- º sº to Lethbr * , º . 4930 A º º - - - ". º Agao WHITE MUD RIVER PLATEAL - º | | | - - -- Kºńkowki L. º \|ºyaline, º - ºn - - - 2735 : - 0LD MAN ON HIS º PLATEAu 3440 MEan Elevation 3000 FEET lº. ſº- - º - - --- - º ºgous --> sº, Bºugº. | - THE *3 .* - - **- amºssº" 00MINION . OF 6A/WA0A AWD THE UN/TED STA TES - - 10830' Lºngitude West from Greenwich 107 - 106.30 compºſed and drawn by 2//owliny, B. Apºc Head of : i Bud Buttes i ºf Lºs = 0ld-man-on-his- back Plateau. LE G E N D L- TV Afrocerºe -- - A dramae Perre /* */ º - --- - - - - Afte//y ºver 5, -es - -- 1. - * -- s Cy p r e s s * - s s - - – §§ * § 2 - \ is | \º § The Gap Cypress Hı II s P1 a tea in *— - / 2000 feet ºare the sea. –Zzaz's - Wrazºs /ø//owed rºof being regular routes La Anown areas of the Sout/ Saskatchewan group ///ocene 8, ºn dºeazed genera ZZ by dotted red Zºnes Geologica/ Boundaries marked ºy dotted ºnes where weſ/a/e/izzed by exposures - Mo Zizzes where concealed and determined on/v by differences ºn e'erazzo” //ort zontal .5 caſe - 8 Mºſes to / Inch . Werfºra/ sca/e – 2000 Feet 2000 feet above the saw to / /nch . - White Mud River Plateau Swift Current Creek Plate a u i The bundant lithographic commºnia. "*mm Boulºſer (Zay indicated by DISTRICT OF ASS|N| B O | A N.W.T. R G M C C C N N E L L B. A. | 885. Vertical ſºning , thickness only approarimate. C E O LOGICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF THE CYPRESS HILLS WOOD MOUNTAIN AND ADJACENT COUNTRY – by e- - cRoss SECTION Cypress III IIs Plateau - ; 2000 feet above the sea Seales 1- * - In - L-L-L-L-L-L t - Geographical Miles. 10 5 º 10 20 t - - i - r Statute Miles. + / Natural Scale goºd HEIGHTS IN FEET ABOVE SEA-LEVEL. --- Sources of information. Main geographical features of townships marked ºy heavy lines ºwn the Zºominion Zand' surveys. Aegion in the vicznº of the 49 "para/Zel from ſoºnz surveys of the Worth American/ſoundary (ommission. Surveys by/26/ſonneſ//3%/////ou/ng/8% GEO LOGICAL and TOPOGRAPHICAL MAF OF THE CYPRESS HILLS, WOOD MOU NTAIN AND ADJACENT COUNT FY. ...of à s Örulumiral amºatural histurusururumſºulaï. ALFRED Restºwn, LL.D., F.R.S. &c. DIRECTOR. 1886. Nº. 2. 2.N.Y. ** > * º Note 1 - The Carboniferous rocks here represented, consist mainly of grey sandstones, which, towards the base, become coarse quartz-conglomerates. They are, in general, but little disturbed, forming a country.com- paratively flat, and, except along the river valleys, of inferior agricultural value. Small coal seams occur at several points in this area, but as far as ºn own are toothin to be of value. Note 2. These rocks consist of bright red conglomerates, sandstones and shales, which are highly calcareous and which crumble readily into deep, loamy, an highly productive soils. In the Tobique outlier they include, near the summit, extensive beds of limestone and gypsum. In addition to the above, there are at various points large accumulations ºf vºlcanic rocks, such as basalt, dolerite, felsite, etc., often forming somewhat prominent elevations. Explanation OF COLOURS AND SIGNS. | (arboniferous - - -- Lower (arboniferous - Kintor - - - - º - - - --- - - Sell ºmen - - --~ - º - - - - - º - - - - - - - This º area includes º in º *.º - -- - - - - --- ". *. * - - - - - --- - - ear 1868, fossils were obtained by Mr. Chas. - E. Silurian Fºº ºº: - - - - º * - º - - - - - - º - - - - - indicating, according to Mr. º an horizo- - - - - - - - - - - - ------- ... near the junction of the Silurian and bevenian for- - mations (see Report of 1856-69, page 100). They --------------- --- have not been observed elsewhere, and the evidence - - at present available would seem to indicate that they are more recent than the great belts of slate which border them, and in the folds of which they appear to be included. º D. Cambro Silur. Note 4- sº - * \ - . . º: º - - This large area is for the most part underlaid º Po- slates, which are very generally calcareous, an along the southern border, contain large deposits º limestone. Fossils collected at various localities - \ - --- º -- show their age to be about that of the Lower Helder- - sº. Zºº &/~ º 'º -º/ 1-----------|->~~2---4--------, - . - _- - - º - - - º berg formation. The iron-ore beds of Jacksontown, - - - - - - f - - - - - - - - - - | Lº- - - - commonly known as the woodstock ores, are in- D Cambro-Silurian * - - / Connors º: - - - cº" ſº - - - - cluded in the formation, and may be traced through In . - - Miiſ’’’. - - - - - - - a large part of Carleton county. (Metamorphic - rphic/ The whole region is unsurpassed for farming pur- Iill - " º º _* 00FT * A **ś º - \º - - poses and for fruit growing. ºf Lll - Wicklow” | \, :- Ruther. - ºr ºl ºr º º - - -- - - . . . . . º - --- let- | - º - - -- : Nº. - - º - ºf - - - -------- - 2. Note 5- - - - Glen * \ ºntº, - º, - - ººl & D. - º - …” º - - - º --- … The rocks of this district are chiefly hard slates | \ smº" º - - - wº tº * - -º º … º. ". - º º "sº º - and sandstones, usually much disturbed. The coun- - - - - - - - - º -- - - - - º - - - - 2.s try is generally hilly, and the soil less productive than that of the Silurian areas. The larger portion of it is still in forest. - AB. Pre-Cambrian - A- - º º - - - - - stop. º * E. - - - - - - - - º º - - --- - - -- - -- . - - - - - - - - ºr i- º - Y. --~ - -- " - *- º - a - - º - º - º - - - - N - - -- - º - - - - - - - s º M - - - - - º - - --- … - - - - ~ - - - . - º - - Note G. The areas represented as * Metamorphic Cambro- Silurianº D. m., embrace the more distinctly schiº- tose, micaceous, and foliated portions of that group. - º These altered rocks graduate progressively into the - - - - - "gº. ºwn unaltered portions, so that the limiting line is neces- - Yºº- *** [ _º ºf - - - - -- º - º - - º - - - S. - ºttlement - - - sarily somewhat arbitrary. It is here fixed where - - - - - - º w º s -ſº ** - º - - - -- Gordonvale º º the evidently micaceous strata are succeeded by or- Gr. Granite - N - --- ºf . - a ſ º !. A - / - º º- tº . - - º seſſiºniº º dinary argillites and quartzites. º Z Bloomfield Ridge - º Note 7. Settlement These rocks, all of which are highly crystalline - are referred to this system as being generally º: gneissic structure, and apparently continuous with similar rocks to the north-east, so referred by Mr. Ells. The head-waters of the Clearwater and other large streams traversing this area, are, owing to DºD. polarite, - difficulty of access, but little known. The country - Diorite &c. s is heavily wooded, but generally unfit for settlement. s s. - s - Note E. º acorner s º - - - - - These granites are similar to those found elsewh - Good C º: - ºs - - - - - - - - - ----------- (F) - \ - ſº ". - º - Lº"; - - º/ . A º - . . . - - in the Province, and are believed to be of intrusive Fossils. Dys. - - O - Hill º - ... " - ºw. - i sº º Mapleſ rove - ºn º - - origin. They include good building stone, but are Q Williamstown s º ught --- - - - - - º - - - Settlement - || || - - - too remote to be of value. The country occupied by º I L M 6" * | º - - -1, havs. º -- \ - - º,. - - Nº º- - - them is generally hilly and broken. - ^*\" - - º * \º º – "º - º . - - - - " * \ - | - - º … - - - - - … Geological boundaries. - * ºn - - -- - - 1. ºf - | * - --- * sº - - - º ºxº - º Tº - Lº The heights on this sheet have been mainly taken - -- - º º 1 - * … A - º - . - - - - - ...tiºn º . - from barometric observations by Mr. J. W. Bailey. - º - 2 - - - - - : ſº Zhongº - - - . º º - - - *- - - º S. º . T - - - º - - - º -- S. - - º ----------- Parish lines. - Mid: *S*º - - . - n - - - - - - -- Mºtaffºrty \ º Aº yº / N. - - - / , , , , . §§ tºulº. - Aº - º - - º Z. ºne-ºn- --------- County lines. - - - -- ---...--— International boundary - \ - (C) Ferror, EH Gypsum. º - - - - - *. - - - º - - - - -- - ºnelilu 46is + T-tº- - * ^ º º º - -- º - - - - - º - Settlement|| || + (harch. - School House. -- º- º & ), , - H.ºria, ---. Kº Hºjºi. -* - ºf Zºº - Johnsons \ } - - --~~ - - -- - - - º -- º º º - - -- - P. o. Post office --Mºſº - 3. Waiºi - º - -- tº º - - - -F - - samerºº / º º - º - sº > º - - - Q. - º - º - - º º-yºlyºrs - |Yak º - º | º ºyº * - : - Lºº. i` - \, º -- - alsogººseltlement º --- º - º º T º, - 6745 C A 67.30' 67"15 Longitude West from Greenwich. 67." 6645 66.30 - ºn-ºr , a. *1..…. r. - - - - ----- - --~~ - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - Compiled and drawn by W*M*Innes from Railway, Gown lands and Geological Survey Plans and from Roe & Colby's map of Carleton (ounty, 1 N.W. To accompany rºport by LWBailey, Ph.D.ſe, 1886, Geologically surveyed by MassrºBailey, Matthew Bºſs, Robbe.ſºſanes. The Burland Lithographic Co. Montreal PROVINCE or VEW BR//VSWICA’. - - - Nat. scale - gººd. Scale ºf innies to one intºn. IIIH I T. +-r-, H-H === 1 0. s ity - 15 Miles * ..of ºw 7 M A F O F THE * * PROVINCE OF NEW BRUN’swick. (SHEET 2–S. W.) - - - - ||7° ||5°30' ||5° ||4°30' |4 |1330 - - a ſº º - º 2.-- - ** *. > * Tº: % - º - Tº º * * -- --- sº GE010GICAL AND NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY OF CANADA. º - ALFRED R.C.SELWYN. LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR. 5’ſ 5ſº º º - -: - ºn º º EGONNAISSAN (; E MAP -- •o - RE } \! WAYY ANA SS A ) Tº Aº 14 - -y - < : & º º & §§ - - º * º * .. º % º - º: ºš --- º º §: º º 2 0. º --- * * *º %////ee//, //////////es /ſ/.5/// º § ºš º º #3: - GEOLOGICALLY COLORED º; º º -- b r šº y º º º - GEORGE M. DAWSON, D.S., F.G.S., &c. Hºnºus - º º: *::::::: 1886. tºº FA / R. H. O. L. M. E. º Mou N TA 1 NS 10 5 º Scales 10 20 . I L I I I I -- - Geographical Miles - 10 20 Mountains I dº I –t H ºdd- - ”, º - Statute Miles º - *GR º - - sº. º Natural Scale 530740 - º §º *ś º º sources OF INFORMATION. 5° º Surveyed lines by Dominion Lands Branch in eastern Foot-hills and westward in º º - Bow valley to Bow Lakes. Surveys in Bow and Kicking Horse valleys for Canadian º º Pacific Railway. Lines run in lower parts of Kananaskis and Spray River valleys º § º Passin for Timber Limits. Belt of country contiguous to 49th Parallel from International ºn lºssº - - º * º:º Boundary Survey maps. Kananaskis Pass, from lakes to Columbia Valley, from i 3. & Captain Palliser's map, (1865); all other Traverses and Topography from recon- º! naisance surveys by G. M. Dawson, assisted by J. B. Tyrrell (1883) and J. White º (1884) with additions near the Bow valley by R. G. McConnell (1885.) ELEVATIONs. Heights are stated in feet above sea-level. With the exception of those along the line of railway they are based on Barometric determinations checked by comparison with Barometric records at Calgary, Benton and Spokan Falls. | E (; ENI) - - º * - º º - - * º º sº - *_º. - - cº- ſº, - - - # * ſº º - º º (Zezzceo/s/ºc/wa/º//a/a/e/ º º - º - º * º º * - (ºutlines & Zoositions of Mountains west s { 㺠. ºl. sº º 3 of Columbia Aºver ayyuroaeimate only. # Kº: tºº J º: º ºf `S. - - *i; 777 assºc N. O. T. E. S. ºº: - & º - MOCENE. §º. Though provisionally named Miocene, the exact age of the º º ºš (**/21/2/2/zz/z. Tertiary sandstones and clays met with on the Flathead ºver, §3 º % º º º //ºmestone series/ - is unknown. The exposures are ſew, and the area as repre- º º §§ º sented on the map, is indeterminate Fragments ºf drift Sº º ºº ºº, - //w/m/zºo/, |||}| 5'ſ lººte ſound ºn the Kootwº Valley near Bull ºver, ºr º sº *º, - - - to indicate the ºstence of a second Tertiary area ºn that ** *Nº #: Nº. # º º ((harzzzze serves / vicinity. - º º º º oº: - - CRETACEOLS- 5 * :::::: º, º ºg °3. Z///eoſ/s/…///stores - : Aºazza sex. "º- 'º-º-º-º-º-> -------- . - - º º: - A general section of these rocks is given on page 166 B. It is -, * ~ * --- . , ſº ball ºn tº - º - O * * ...Tº ſh Tºy-- - º º " . lº -5. probable that within the mountain area, the entire Cretaceous * * * ( , p- NTN º - y \ºtºº series, with the base of the overlººg Larame, is represented, * { } { . A cº-º-º-º: º, 5. º º - - A- ºut the wºmation obtained is not yet sºftcient to enable the º, º Sºº *ſ º, º º º iºn º - - A// /ozzezzzze & asſ, rocks different constituent groups to be distinguished on the map. { Q arrer & Mountains enzarzed º sº º º º /(retaceous/ The greater part of the area of the Cascade, Crow West and W . Q from Pazzz-ser's mayo. ºš Hrºš º'ſ ſº - - - - - - - \; \, \! tºo Kºšº, º º ºver troughs, is occupied by the beds of the Kootone y *i. ſ º º: - # º tº º group, or lowest Cretaceous, which occurs ºn this region beneath SY i", Ç Nº.2. º º3. º º -- - the Dakota group. The Kootwº group, is also represented ºn CºmT.NELsow ſ º A As § & 'º º * { ; £º -- /oz/Sezzzzz's parts of the adjacent foot-hill region east of the mountains & Cº. ooooº. _X …” º tº º º 8 proper, but the overlying groups ºf the Cretaceous are there, ºn ºf – º *. º º'ſ ºl. º * , respect to area, relatively much more important. The areas … . . ſ h *... {º}2 º respectively occupied by some of these groups of the Cretaceous ſº cº-ºp º, º º ſº and Laramie ºn the foot-hills are shºwn on the Map of the & -----T º º - - Region ºn the Vºy of the Bow and Belly ºvers (Report - ------- - º º Descriptions of the various coal outcrops of Progress lsº In the present map they are included - N2–Nº T º - º, º marked on the map will be found in the * * * coloº. The º locality wºn º º --~~ - º, . Annual Report for 1885, or the Report of area, at which rocks ºf Larame age are certainly ºwn, is - º 1882-84 th indº Oyster Creek, at the source of the North-west Branch of the º º Progress for º-ºº ºn tº pºſſes tº Old Man ºver. The rocks of the Kootanie group are sand- § -- cated below - stones, shales and conglomerates, and its thickness is probably S. : No. 1-see Report 1885, p. 146 B. about 9000 feet. Most of the coal-seams within the area of the § > ** 2-, -º “ p. 129 B. mountains occur in it. At a horizon not far above the - S ** 3- -- * p. 131 B. summit of the Kootamie grow, an important volcanic inter- -- sº * + . . -- “ p. 132 B, º ºº the district drained by the head-waters of Geological structºre of this region unknown. The § . 3. * 5- -- * p. 133 B. º -º- ºr gravel brought dºwn from it by the Elk and Bull § $. º * 5- - “ p. 133 B. TRASSIC. ºvers, however, dºes not indicate the existence of any § § º ** 7- -- * p. 133 B. - - ºn ºn - -- ** - ** 1882–84, p. 106 0. These rocks may in part be referable to the Permian. They | º the º º § § : -- -- 88. º º 104 C. appear to be confined to the southern portion of the region, and an of ther parts of the district. § i sº -- 10. . 1885 D. 92 º rest conformably on the upper beds of the great limestone series. Redº - * --> ---- § & s.S. §. -- * * sº They consist chiefly of red and yellowish sandstones and sandy egion between the A/A & * Ritzers s' Sº § S. S. -- º - -- -- D. 87 º dolomitic limestones. Wear, or at the base of the series, a thick & about the head-waters of Bzzzz River, not s § §§ S. ... . . * 1882–84 p lººd bed of amygdaloidal diabase is generally found. The rocks eay, lored. It is re/vorted to &e very roºgh & S is s: §. s -- º -- sº * D. 59 º show pseudomorphs of salt crystals, mud-cracks, and other high, with densely wooded valleys throughout. §§ §§. º S. ... . . . -- 1882 D. 101 º evidences of deposit in a shallow sea separated from the main - º RS 5 in S. : -- 15. -- 882–84, p. - ocean. Maximum observed thickness, 2000 feet. § §§ 3; ſº is º 16-- 1885, p. 58 B. - > $ ºs º * 17 - “ 1882–84, p. 99 C. - - lºw - - -- - DEVONO-CARBONFEROUS 3. * S. \! º º ** 18- 98 C. 50 o - - - - - U"; *— - 19. -- , p. 58 B. 50 H The rocks embraced under this general designation, consist § * º º § º § -- . -- º º 109 B. almost entirely of massive grey or bluish limestones. They form § º º: º 2. * -- º in many of the most prominent ranges and mountain masses, and §. [. #ſº 8 - #5 -- º - -- -- p- 76 º have an estimated thickness of 1000 to 4000 feet or more. In º - -: º - º º -- P- - -º-, - - - - º, ſº . º ºn º, º To y * 23. -- -- p. 75 B. the southern part of the district they rest with distinct uncon- tº º & & # º * 5 sº -- -- -- 54 B. formity on the Cambrian, but to the north-west, there appears u º º º } ſº º{ º º º º 24. P- - to be a considerable volume of intermediate beds of Silurian º */ º º # , º Ilo y yº - - -- - * º º § * U. º - º ; : kº sº, º and possibly also of Cambro-Silurian age. Some beds of - i. ºf 8 × 8' ºf $ & º” Silurian age are known to be included under the blue colour, on º * , º * º º, * . º ſº the map, ºn the vicinity of the Kicking Horse River; elsewhere, - 5. º º tº º §§ {& J) & the fossils obtained from the ſºmestone series are either Devonian º º tº º 1. § R. or Carboniferous. The upper portion of the limestone is often - º º º * : * highly crimoidal, and certain parts of the series are character- 42. J º § ized by abundant cherty concretions. The highest beds are º º º - - - T- º - yellowish calcareous sandstones and ſtaggy calcareous shales of PºS v º dark colour. - CAMERLAN. Under this name a great series of beds forming the lowest For Geological Strauctuaº or the Foot-HILLs, AND - º - º º - º oves Most of the streams flowiny into the Columbia-Kootanie Country to THE East of this MAP, sº Gºological members of the section in this part of the Rocky Mountains, is Valley, wield placer gold, and have been prospected or Map or Region in Vicinity or Bow and BELLY - classed. The rocks are generally quartzites, quartzose, argilla- º º º º º Wººd H 3. ºhas b - - Rivers - ceous and calcareous shales, and slates of very varied tecture . º .." º º ". 4. Peºwd º . º - and colour. Limestones, conglomerates and bedded greenstones ºut. º ºr " º ºº ". - d. º º #3 º (Diabase ?) are also present, but of minor importance. The - º º º yielded gold to the value of - º º - thickness of the series on Kºsh-e-neh-na Creek (South Kootanie ºr tºº. - º y Pass) is estimated as at least 11,000 feet. In other parts of ºf the district sections showing at least 5000 feet have been #3: Fº º examined, but the base of the formation is not anywhere seen. Cº...º. & Fossils of Middle Cambrian age have been found on the tº º Vermilion and Kicking Horse passes, in the upper part of the º º § formation as there developed. In lower parts of the series, º: - º º º : º zones of red beds are prominent. These show pseudomorphs of º 3. º *- º 2\º: salt crystals, mud-cracks, and other evidences of conditions º ſ - º º As º £º & similar to those indicated by the Triassic rocks, but no fossils º ... º. º ſº Nº. º - --- have been obtained from them. - s - §§ º º § º º* \\ º * º Łazz, . Sº - S S. º º s § s T ºr” ſº - s - s § s S. - º % §§ : º, Ǻ § £ºº º º 7 % G ºr s c - __-- . Sº - ºf: §§ *- & º --- ſ º jºr - S. º º -- - º > ---- - ºšºss º º º - § --- s as tº º s º, wooo… * º º: º º --- - - -º - - - : ar" º: -- TººlsTEEPLES; º º º/ſ. Hººl. : *. - - | - opez Coºry º º º & º Brºsco Range Termi/ºon Range Aow Range : º * - º % g º - Žá º .33% |% - - - - --- - - º ſ º: - º º -- º 1%| 1.-Section from the Columbia to the Bow River, South of the Vermilion Pass. tº z. //º3. Prairie sº cf. ow º % º º º - ſº \º.” ɺ º- º º - ozo º - º º,” º ºrº & sº s - - Sº & º: º º º - *. woºded º - º - º s --- ºº: º ſº º ºssoo º - 13 *- SS º #. º -- * º - - S: - - º º Sº s º - º º ºf | | | | || & º - s s s s "S s º, - º º º - º --- º || 's S s s s: $ s s Lºzara º * - s s S. ºr. º s - - s º º S § º ºr --> s º º S- º- º-º-º-º: - º º -- º tº º º ºf – º – sº º º º Sºme/awr Pass Whºe. Man's Aass Aananaskºs Valley º, º º 2.-Section in the vicinity of the White Man's Pass, from the Columbia to the point at which the Kananaskis leaves the mountains. - H; --- º § - º: S s s º § s. s "S § §§ S º s s § S. is - *. º: SS * - $ $ *º "" ; *… § 2. & . s - ºº-- º - - > º º sº l- * , ººlºº º - - - -- - - - ^ - º º --- - - º T. º \ É West Branch (//d Aſan /*. * (º, º, º - 3.—Section in the vicinity of the North Fork Pass, from the Elk River to the Livingstone Range. * ºº * - *- *: ..., fºer - - Very roºf, ºrrºr - awarraza- - - S - * º - 2. Mozafałas about º º º sº s > S. º- - ... Distribution of formations MEwºman: .. º º - sº sº sº - - - hº - ºws ºf § - is s º º s • S * - in this area not known º º º {º º Sº S $. s º - S.S. S - Probable southern termº- - º Sº º º § S º s S ~ §§ - - º S 3. > s º S. s SS s T- ºon of Cretaceous rocks. ; : ) * º - - - - º - ºº: -- * – ecº- - -> → * - º º º º - - º - º º § -- = − =0º * (oa/ (reek Miche/ ſk. Middle Fork (J/d Man /?ºver. - - - 4.-Section in the vicinity of Crow Nest Pass, from Elk River to the Livingstone Range. º º - - § }} MT: YARFrº s - s s S - -> º NS § § Sº S s s S § º -S - s S * -> $ N. Tº § § s s § s º s l }} c s - - - - tº S º s - S- - - sº - - - º - | - T- --------- _º - - -, ( – tº ſº 45° 49 Wigwam Airer Flaſ/tead Va//ey .South Aork (9/o/ Man Zºvey, —kº 5.-Section in the vicinity of the North Kootanie Pass, from the Elk River to the East Entrance ºf the Pass. Ríº - s % º, - *~ L/º: y lº - S. - - º: S. S S : |--> - -S. s 's º -> § Q: S. ºr. $ N. º 's N § s § = s ~ K. —º-º-º-º-º- - - - - - s – - == == } H _- - º n - - 6.-Section in the vicinity of the South Kootanie Pass, from the Kootamie River to the lower end of Waterton Lake. º, } !; 2. - Compiled and drawn &y L.A. Richard, BAp.J., A.E. Barlow; B.A. and Jazzes. White, C. E. % | - º- --- ||7° ||6°30' ||6° ||5°30' – West from Greenwich ||4° |1330 PHoto-Lith-BY THE BurLAND LITH co-Montae AL. £2724) a / *** MA P OF A 3, # POFTION OF THE FOCE Y MOUNTAIN S. # -, *. GEOIOGICAL in NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY OF CANADA. AEFRED R. C. SELWYN, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR, | MAPS, ETC., TO ACCOMPAf{Y ANNUAL REPORT WOL. III. N EVV SERIES. 1887–88. No. 2.-YUKON DISTRICT-3 sheets. No. 3.—CARIBoo MINING DISTRICT. No. 4.—ISLAND MOUNTAIN AND MosquTTo CREEK. No. 9.—RAINY LAKE. No. 11.—SILVER MoUNTAIN MINING DISTRICT. No. 13.−2 N. E. NEW BRUNSWICK. No. 14.—6 S. W. NEW BRUNSWICK, TüBLISHED BY AUTHORITY, # MONTREAT, . WILLIAM FOSTER BROWN & CO, *=º 1889. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR. Hon. THOS WHITE Minister. - (5eological and Natural Đistorp Sururu of Ulamaba. ALFRED R. C. SELWYN C. M. G., L.L. D., F. R. S., DIRECTOR. - 121°09' - 12045 Z - - — - 53; ––. Wolverine (ºr: - -* N (Route to Goat R.J NOTE ON CONSTRUCTION OF MAP. The principal point of which the latitude has been determined by observation is Barkerville. The longitude depends on the connection of the same place by wheel traverse along the waggon road to Lake La Hache & Provincial surveys thence to Ashcroft on the C. P. Railway the position of which has been accurately determined telegraphically by the Dominion Lands Branch. The geographical points have been ſized by triangulation starting from a base measured on Snowshoe Plateau the triangulation being checked on a second base at Quesnel Mouth. - Principal stations occupied:—Guys Mtn, Quesnel Forks Hin, Badger Peak, Round Top, Goose Ck. Mtn, Barkers ºftn, Mt. Mitchell, Cariboo Mtn., Yanks Peak, Palmers Mtn., the Two Sisters, Mt. Wiley, Mt. Agnes, Mt. Anderson and Dragon Mtn.-A Bowman and J. McEvoy. Valley details by wheel traverse of trails, by J. McEvoy, S. P. Tuck, C. E., and L. R. Woligny, C. E. EXPLANATION. Contour Lines, 4 to every 1000 feet vertical =250 feet vertº interval Datum contour Level (heavy line) 4000 feet above sea level. Quartz veins – , Dip, & Strike —t , Vertical - , Ditch 4-4-4-4-4-4 ExPLANATION of colours. A L. UPA. UM (often underlaid by uriferous feeA. gravels.) A 1// GRA VEA.S. 3- 7 AEA R4 CES º º POS º - y --- º 2. Fººlſ tºry i º".” tº Worked Adacer deacºits (Superficial.) || | rºRTARY. Guocº) Pakani rocks. MESOZOIC, QUESNEL RIPER BEDS. (Lower Cretaceous in Aart.) UPPER PALAEOZOIC. B.E.A.R. L.A.A. E. BAED.S. (Probably in Aart Carboniferous & equivalent to Cache Creek series of former reports.) LOWER PALEOZOIC. CARAOO SCA /s/.S. ARCHAEAN(?) QUESNAE L LARE CRPS 7.411./ME ROCK.S. - GRANITES & GRANITOID ROCKS. (\º --~~ º §º º}} º º N a. º |…}, ſº º ſº º º º ſº sºlº -- º º #º #2 Nº- º º vº. |- - º C - º |- T | N º º: | | Note.--The almost complete absence of fossils has prevenied the definite assignment of the various rock series in this district. It is as yet possible to indicate little more than their supposed order of superposition M 2 I HE PyRamids. A-B. LINE OF SECTION C-D. A.YAL LINE OF SCH/sºs. E-F, UPPER LIMIT OF R/CAER PL4CEA.º. § ON CAE EAEATS. N Nº. G-H. LINES ENCLOS/NG MAIN REA, 7 of --> N PAL.4 CER MANES. N º Nº. 2- _-C ..~ … . º: 2-tº-2 - E- §s-º/A %2- º - - - \, - º ſº. Bºš. **([ | ſ / \ sº : [º ſºº (Nº|| #º º * || || - %, A. Ž -- - wº - . 2 º Z^ % - VººZ º ^ % º - (Z % - % - & Z % º % -- \\ \*EEEºs - % Ž º: &% 2% - -- -- (~99.9°N PEAk 7,500 5; ſ - º O - 52: / / …” 2T / 2. ſ / / / (TTT---- *- _^T-> / 2. T - / | V M. / 2^ SCALES. --- __^ T-J \_ -----~~ - Statute Miles. \——- * # 4. _5 A || Geographical Miles. # ; _* —l - Natural Scale T26 720 || || *30 - - 1°15' 21°oo' 20°41' 1213. Longitude West from Greenwich. 1211. 121-0 1 - - - - - - To illustrate Report of Amos Bowman. SURVEYS CARRIED OUT with the CO-OPERATION of the PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT of BRITISH COLUMBIA. TMI A TE’ OF THE CARIBOO MININC. DISTRICT BRITISH COLUMBIA, BY AMOS BOWMAN, MINING ENGINEER. Drawn for Photolithography by Is. Marion and L.N. Richard. AssistED BY JAMEs McEvoy, B. A.P. Sc., SCIENCE LIBRARY @ E / ? 5. -A → FA.F.T. C. C A R I B O O M I N I N G D IS T R I C T, BRITISH COLUMBIA. § § § F. Outlet of deep channel into 146 ft. to bed-rock. Willotti river Willow river, estimated E. Oliver Shaft|114 ft. to bedrock 4040 f H | § Driscoli cabin, 60 ft. to bed s C. Deep Channel returns to and runs | with present stream, but go ft. kee, 40&o B. Deep Channel diverges (defending) to Eastward of present stream | Æead of Flynn; upper diggings 42&o, 25 ft. to * | | ; 4. Quartz Tunnel Forks #350 § i s >| à Le |Š| º # 4500 Contour * (5eological and Natural historp Suroep of Ulamaba. F. R. S., DIRECTOR. ALFRED R. C. SELWYN, C. M. C., L. L. D., Surface is 140 ft. or more above bed N. º.º. QUARTZ VEINS & PLACER MINES OF ISLAND MOUNTAIN AND MOSQUITO CREEK IN CARIBOO DISTRICT, BRITISH COLUMBIA. Survey ED AND DRAwn BY AMOS BOWMAN, MINING ENGINEER, y 32Y/ ~ i AssistED BY JAMES McEVOY, B. Ap.Sc., § § l DATA—Wheel Traverse of Wagon Road, and Mosquito Creek S. P. Tuck C. E. 1885. Track surveys and Sundry Topographical Sketches A. Bowman, 1885-6. -- Survey of a New” Wagon Road John Jane C. E. Mining Claims surveyed by Travaillot and Evans, Plots recorded at Richfield. Chained line from Island Mtn. Ledges to Jaek of Clubs Lake J. McEvoy, 1886 Sundry Topographical Sketches J. McEvoy 1885-6. W. W. Russell, C. E. Quartz Surveys, 1878 Erpi,ANATION –Contour lines 4 to every 1000 ft. vertical; hair lines represent 50, dotted 10 ft. vertical. | Quartz Ledges. - Tip and strike. o—o-o— Deep Channel. + Shaft. ++++++ Diteh. All bearings from True Meridian. *70 %2 Mile *— – Tooo ºft. l - [T] [T]- - Terraced. old gravels below Hill gravels. Allazvºzm. Placer in irring. Słopes & present drainage & Terraces. Superfºcta!. A37 ºffs, level. Žs º ºle tºrt to Z. Pſee Cuſ," as yt tº Bed Rock/This is the lowest point on the creek where bed rock shows near su%zzz - Quarte Body. Stºke woo # die. Aſ W. Steep. cº - -> - º - -- ſ * 1. º - - / wº ºfeet to Bed Rock. | nº claim as feet to bºrock. º º --> - / / º FLYNN's uPPER GLAM: C ^ º * A Q Q Nº. £750 º w º ºv * - *=# = *2. 3. i- - - *%. º ^ --5 ºr Shaft 60ſ, to Bad &# = *z. * \ \, = Coarse Gold O \ ºf Zº / —l * \ \ ^^ 3. w º N- 3. N C) 2. > - ^. = - * F -------TN a. 2...", s vº S vº - * 3 c 9 Mile post. (From Stanley.) * --. . N exes” 7;wnnehun into Ledge [taken for Bonanzalº J A C K OF C L U B S L A K E Body of Quartz nearly *::: /* 42 Lake Shore Placers, Æody of Quartz Sriking W. S. W. apparently º * - * wº % Miners Cabin - - To illustrate Report of Amos Bowman. SURVEYS CARRIED OUT with the CO.OPERATION of the PROVINCIAL GOVERNMENT of BRITISH COLUMBIA Drawn on stone by Is. Marion. The Hon. JOHN ROBSON, Minister of Mines, in 1885-6 º ISLAND MOUNTAIN AND MOSQUITO CREEPC, IENCE LIBRA*’ SC @ E Part C, 1887. | 3 5. A 3 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, HONORABLE THOMAS WHITE, MINISTER. Örulugitalium Naturalºisturusuturguſſmulla. ALFRED RCSELWYN, CMG LLD, F.R.S.&c, DIRECTOR. 1887. MiNES & MINING ON LAkE SupeRio R ANNUAL REPORT , PART: H --- W H M T. E. F. H. S. H. In A K DE 700 feet above Datum . Silver Bluff ------> º - - - - - Zerº. "eer, º ------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - L-12A R D. - - - º - - - L.A. - --- -- º goºd --- – - - - - - - - — - - º ºssºrs & Sº, º żº. º - º __ nº.2 Level. § - º - - - - --D-T LE-E-L- § R º º,º/ s ~ w - - - º: … C Sº s - º - S - º, & § --~~~ § s * - ºr, S §. -- º S - --- - º -- - - Horizonta / Sca/e: 20 Chairms to f irºn. Tºrºzoaz staye. too fºr to a fracºn. Silver Mountain º: ..ºf/yer. Hiſ/ The Palisingles L. E. G. E. N. D. Driff Covered. Alºs. C.1. Animikie ºpper Arºr//a ceous Division. Mower SF/fceous Division, - A. B. Archean - \; Dips lefrºs - Shafts * Mouths of Tunnels Gontours referred to an assumed datiºn, which rs40 above L. Superior according to Zevels by- H. K. Wºoksteed. C. E. 500 fºet above datum, PROVIN C E OF O N TAR I O . 1/4. - 1. 34 - -- –=– = - - - - - Mile --> To t; tı 50 --- --> 20. 1u 0. Chains |-- - GEOLOGICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL MAP OF THE SILVER MOUNTAIN MINING D | STRICT, - - - - 1 Natural Scale T3, sºo. by ELFRIC DREW ING ALL, Assoc., R. S. M. so U R C E S OF N FORMAT I O N . 1887 Tºwnship Surveys by Crown ºrd's Department of Ontario. .Starveys a waſ ſeve/ſing by A." ſy. /ºgº. Aſ and Assistaafs. Survey of Mºiſe/sh River by A. J. Rºsseſ/, /9 J. S. Compºſed tº 1ſ. P. /?rury, eſ/. 5do science LIBRARY | | 9 P-_ / 33 ‘A 3 PART H, 1887. SILVER MoUNTAIN MINING DISTRICT, ONTAPIO. Öruluuttulatiºqturalſ isſurušururu ºf fulāīā. ALFRED acsaww.cºunt R.S.8c, DIRECTOR. SURFACE GEOLOGY 3 S.E. N.E. Nº.2 65%0 º s - "cy º: - - Tracadie N.Gully § - § S- Old Gully Legend. uſly Tracadie S.Gully Fresh Water. Alluviums. NOTE: 1 - M. 3 (a) Peat bogs occur at Tabusintaº, Point Escuminae, - Point Cheval, etc., and are described in the accom- - panying report. The one at Point Escuminac is 20 feet or more in depth. These, like the bogº on Miscou and Shippegan Islands, lie in basins, the central parts of which are below high tide level. River-flats (intervales) extend along most of the rivers, but the principal ones are those skirting the main North-west and Little South-west Miramichi. These embrace some tracts of excellent land, con- siderable portions of which are under cultivation. * Barreau Point ~ Mon-fossiliferous | - inland deposits. Even Surface. - NOTE 2 M > (b) Note 2. (b) These deposits comprise sand dunes, salt marshes, etc. The sand dunes occupy marginal areas of some - extent, and also form the islands and sand bars in T - .5a.ricava sand - - | Miramichi Bay. A covering of soil consisting of |º º and Leda clay. - - - º (a) decayed vegetable matter is in process of formation (Marine fossils) - - - upon certain parts of their surfaces. Coarse grasses Even Surface. L - º and carices, which are sometime-cut for fodder. - grow on several of these dunes and islands; but they are unfit to produce anything else. salt marshes of limited area occur at Point Cheval, Eel River, mouth of Tabusintac, and elsewhere, which yield hay. 5 N.W. NOTE. G. M. 2 (a) Deposits of this kind occupy the surface of the 2 larger part of the area included in this sheet. This 27.ay Island Neguac Gully area exhibits considerable diversity of features, and - - has a soil of varied character-that of each particu- lar locality depending largely upon the underlying rocle-formation. The Carboniferous and Cambro- Silurian areas are covered by beds of considerable thickness, and wherever the surface has sufficient Portage Island slope to afford good drainage, the soil is good. Upon the interior highlands however, where the country is rugged, the land is boulder-strewn and sterile, and many of the hills exhibit only bare rocky sum- mite and slopes. In the valleys here tracts of good arable land occur, the upper portion of the surface deposits usually consisting of loan or a layer of B. A. Y. * decayed vegetable matter. 0. Tabusintac Gully Neguac Island *.*.*.*.*.*.*. Gravel. - Mamey. M I R A M I C H I ØGrand Duneº NOTE 4. M. 2 (b) Glacial striae. - | T | | AY - - The areas represented on this sheet as covered by --- - |- - B. - Saxicava sand and Leda clay, i.e., the coastal tracts NMEF Fox Island contain the best land in the Miramichi basin. The 1. soil consists of gravel, sand and clay, capped with AN” Win Island - - º º material in the river valleys and around R - estuaries. The drainage is good. The larger part at these tracts is under cultivation, as will appear by the map. The best farming lands are those lying immediately to the south of the Miramichi estuary. IVE ~ zz SheldrakeId - - I º CH - \ - - - - - BAY DU win old.growth. Pł Ouart The elevations are given in feet above high tide level, and the courses of striae are referred to the true meridian. Forest-covered areas' A. waſºro wº Mushrall Point 66"; - 66° - - - Longitude West from Greenwich. Zºography com/ed and drawn by RWAlls, from Plans made by the Admiralty, Gown ſands and Geological Surveys. 2 S. F. 7%.3%azazzo” ſary.W.ſway/ºzozz/337 Jurºre yawºy and /º/, /a/was ºy ſº.6%a/mers. The Burland Lithographic Company Montreal. P/POP/VC/;' or AA'W/BR/ZWSW/C/ſ Nat scale, assºw. Sca/e 4/miles to one inch. Elimitriti l t- _ - __ – 1. o 5. - 10. 15 Miles $G ENCE LIBRARY |* @A. / £5 //-3 PRO VI N C E OF N E VV B F U NSW IC EQ. FAFT N. No. 2. N.E. Legend. º 3-(a) Fresh Water. Alluviums. N Mon-fossiliferous Co inland deposits. § C. º rt, " C. 's TS co 3. a .3a.ricava sand 3 - º and Leda clay. º _ (Marine fºssils) Even surface. 5.S.E - - *…*.*.*.*. Gravel, →-- Roches moutonnees. Glacial Strior. Forest-covered. (1/"eas: 6tulultitulum \aturalºisiurusururuuſſuluid. ALFRED RCSELWYN, CMG, LL.D., F.R.S.Bc, DIRECTOR. 1887. SURFACE GEOLOGY. N96 6 N.W. S.W. 64%g 64?5. 640 65°45' 65°50' 65°15' - _- |||sis - - | | | Aºrch/azma –||489 * Hu. -- 489 - - _- - Pºž/sozzofaz. - - Zºscow Gºy MISC OU HAR BOUR Aerzerz Pazzzz .Cºº’e - - — = shippegAN =ºs HARBOUR 47%. 47#5 - 22 Aokemoºe &/ºr - Mºsote 2. M 8 (b) - 64°45' 64°50 6445 West from Greenwich 649 65°45' 65°30' 65°15' Longitude ºrrºre 9a/a/y and /ø// ſºares by ſº.6%a/mers. Zºography compiled and drawn by RWE//s, an. plans made by the Admiralty, Gown Lands and Geological Surveys. timiririt; 1. o 5 N.W. The Burland Lithographic Company Montreal. Aº(2P/VC/3 oz. .V//W/3/R//VS'WCA’ - -- – Natiscale: 353 ºn Scaze 4 rºw/es to one ºrach. _ == -- - - _ 5. - - 10 15 Miles 7%.3%/acco//es//////wa/////537 NOTE. 1. M. 3 (a) The peat bogs shewn on this sheet are large and of considerable depth. The Miscou beg occupies about half the area of that island, and is upwards of 20 feet deep. Another large one occurs on the east side of Shippegan Island, and a third on the mainland at the south-western border of the map. These bogs are treeless, but covered with a dense growth of heath plants. Cranberries abound on them. The numerous ponds dotting their surfaces are favourite resting places for wild geese, brant, etc., in their spring and fall migrations. Miscou and Shippegan Islands are, consequently, famous resorts for sportsmen. The bogs indicate a slight subsidence of the region since the commencement of their growth. 6 S.E. NOTE 2. M. 3 (b) Sand dunes are well developed around these islands, and appear to be increasing in width by periodic increments of material. Trees and bushes have begun to grow upon the older or first-formed portions of these. Their whole surface is sparingly covered by coarse grasses and carices. Estuarine flats are of considerable width inside of Miscou harbour, and salt marshes border the lagoons. Marsh hay is frequently cut of the latter. NOTE 3 M 2. b) The deposits referred to under this note cover the main portion of the islands. The surface is low, seldom exceeding 20 to 25 feet above the sea, except at Pigeon Hill, and it is, therefore, generally speak- ing, swampy, much of the land being unfit for culti- vation. Settlements exist all around the coasts wherever there are dry grounds. The inhabitants live chiefly by fishing. The elevations are given in feet above high tide level, and the courses of striae are referred to the true meridian. (vſ. solesceussary Q E £6. S y [. z , , - ~ / - - A 3 J., &c,. &. &ºgº, F AFT N. % - / 4 - 3-4 FROVINCE OF NEW ERU NSWIC P.S., No. 6. S. VV. … GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA ALFRED R. C. SELWYN, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR *2 M A F S 2 3 - A A # 7/0, 76, 27 TO ACCOMPANY ANNUAL REPORT & ,” (NEW SERIES) VOLUME V, ", ! 189C)-91 * OTTAWA PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER TO THE QUEEN'S MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY 1893 (beulogical Sururu Departmtent, Uſamaha. HONOURABLE EDGAR DEWDNEY MINISTER ALFRED R.C.S.ELWYN, CMG, LLD, FRS,Ac, DIRECTOR. 102” I01" K)0:0 I00" 99 an 99" - TT-Tºyº’ſ TVI L^_^2 - - - | Saskatchewan Rºſº a Ø (7) |. L- 25 tº 2 * %rº. - --- - *… ('ed ar /, a ke B * - wºw fºr whore the sea. - ºf P. º V º Zake | Winnipeg \ , 7/0 ſº adove the sea }. "- [. tºº - º - - * ºr------- ** f above wear - & º, …” ~ ſ * - -- -- ***...--- º º ºr " Pozzº * , ſº * : --------" -o- - - * . . - - **awesº. º - - - - Zong Point 53" ( … " 2* - ---. -- Red Deer Lake Y - ºften 1. - *…. averºſe depth 5 in L.W. ----- * Hi " . ºn- 875 ft above sea. {}}E ()[.04; Hd CAL MAP - 2s' .. -- Daws on wº. of Bay ... NORTH WESTERN MANITOBA - * - - 24 * | Hº-Pi withins \ - Grand I ------ - - Manitoba - - - - - ... v r" - - - - - - - --- ". . - I------------ and portions of the Districts of Assiniboia and Saskatchewan, - –-by-----— J. B.TYRRELL, M.A., B.Sc., F.G.S. Assisted by D. B. DOWLING B.A.Sc. 1891. SCALES: - 10 5. - 10. zo E-L-L-I-I-I-I-I-I-I-i- - + —l Geographical Miles. 10 s d 19. 20 ,-- _2^ E-I-I-I-I-t-t-I-I-I-i- I - ºf. 2-7. . Statute Miles. - - / Pickere/ * , , ; - wº _ ! ; , , ; ; , Natural Scale : sousso. – Lake … . . . Lake ) t -- - __* & { º º HEIGHTS IN FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL --- º A - lº Contour intervals 100 feet - -- Geographical Authorities. ºwners ºr lºſs Zºne/ and/orſiny of ſ/e6tological ſurrey Mºſſ, and ºr ſhe 5230 - //artments of /n/eror, ſºdian Affairs, and//a/war, and (ana/s. - Birch - - A. /s/and/ - 7 --- - LEGEND y º- *- i Pelican Pierre - --" º - º -- …” -- --~~~~ > - –- - º A. - º "ſº º _- ſ - º - Horizontal Strata + -- *****t ~~~~ - - - … . -- ----- Sºng, ºf - ", * ſcan. A lº º Wºohrant - **** -- w/2 w"gº º Cretaceous Dºs º- - - retaceous __ -- º - º [...] Benſon Glacial Striae º Dakota Salt Spring Nh - Amher C - - - § sº Devoniali E. tº - ~ *.S. - c - Silurian E. § º fº, º S S. - 2- - - fº * - º - º º-º-º- -> --- * N- - - - - & nºis H º 5 * *- ~ ... - ... ºc º --> º "ºl > º = . - - º - ...~~ - - * - - - - - - +a+– 52" - - - - - - **. - Trading Post. º W ſ º º a Waterhen Post. - nº.cº. Sagemace - Bay s - § quinº. E. Pºst. Hºbº --- - º º º singoºsh! 0 || ". Lake - ( ls. º |\{ * º Portage º - - * \tº \\ - - - - ". - º Reserve N y - - \ Keº - Nº. /* Tºjº - - Z. * - - º - 5fºol - | . 2– - º Zº | - --- |- * * 1 N \ \º - - - -*200 -- º Cºº - 28 - * \ Pºstwº. - w º - -1 - - - - - - ºn _- |-- s 2300 - - º 2100 - Tº º: - - - *. - \ º 19thayaſhinº. \ sºº - \ - w" - - - -- . A -º-º: º: º Kac | - hºnosora º - -------------- Xix \ X x - \ - 101"an 100°30' Longitude West from Greenwich. I00" 99" – ºiled and drawn by ABDowling, RA ºr - -- The Burland Lithographicº Montrºl - - - /o Accompany/* // Annual 7,ºf ſº, ſº ſº?-º/, s s S: s s s § PO R C UPI N E M O U NTAIN § § s § § i i s # B. R O – SILUR LAN - - - - wea level. - - - - - 5' 6.3° W B - / .5ºz/e wa. to / /recy, . Pºrficºſ ºſe 2%///&ef//z. SECTION FROM PORCUPIN E MOUNTAIN TO THE MOUTH OF SASKAT C H E VAN RIVER ON LIN E A B . - $CIENCE LIBRARY -62 P. y 3 6 A 3 VOL. V. PART E. >—=KX-Fi- 9. Geological Map of North-Western Manitoba, (5culuuirtl Sururu Tepartment, Jauaha. HONOURABLE EDGAR DEWDNEY MINISTER ALFRED R.C.S.ELWYN, CMG, LLD, FRS, &c, DIRECTOR. 101*0. - _2 * - = - - -- Ated Deer Lake - ſºnoran 1. - - - - º K)0:30 I00" 9930 Cedar Lake 28 ºf crºore the sea. 42% f above wear Aſarwaz /orrºr average depth 5 in L. W. &75 ft whove sea. - Param PA Lake E * A=º - hitefishº =~ Lake *" º Daws on 20" =\Pt Wilkins -> # º , -º Pelican Grand IAE I, a ke Winnipeg 7/0 ſº adove the sea * , SHOWING FOREST DISTRIBUTION zo' Ladbrmorant/s. Long Pt NORTH WESTERN MANITOBA º Pelican Lake gº in a 100.30 Longitude West from Greenwich. I00 % ºr. *} Manitouſ- and portions of the Districts of Assiniboia and Saskatchewan, –-by- J. B.TYR RELL., M.A., B.Sc., F.G.S. Goose - 9 As landº 10. 5. u H-T-I-I-Hi-L-I-it-i- Assisted by D. B. DOWLING B.A.Sc. 1891. SCALES : in Geographical Miles. -- 19 10. s: - -e H-I-I t-L- . i Pº/wronde Á Fodºric P' . TH 32" 78 f |) *; º - 9 *, *ſ, º ºr, ºr & 92 amºng Isſands Wade Pº. ſ y Zr º "y - a- º -- 4% Duck Ba V Red/JeerPoint º - , - & hº 1. ^ ſ ºº º º f | Sagemace Bay Island % º ºwners ºr Jº Zºne/ and/owſing of the ºological ſurrºr //, and ºr ſhe //yurºments of /n/error, ſºdian Affairs, and /º/war, and (and/s. ju * *- a ! Pelica - Statute Miles. Natural Scale : Bogºso HEIGHTS IN FEET ABOVE SEA LEVEL Contour intervals 100 feet Geographical Authorities. I.E.G. ENI). Rºyton generally wooded. Aarnº Forest. Region partly wooded and (ºpen Prairie. UNExPLoPE *2. //arty Pt Portage Bay - *%arden/. rººf - ‘phen Mums with scattered trees and coppice. --- The above Map is coloured on the same general plan as the Map of the Bow and Belly Rivers Re- gion by Dr. G. M. Dawson, and the Map of Northern Alberta by J. B. Tyrrell; the parts covered with full green horizontal bars representing thickly or heavily timbered areas; those covered with verti- cal bars the areas thinly wooded with poplar and willow, interspersed with grassy glades; and the uncoloured land areas, almost entirely confined to the south-west corner of the sheet, representing ºpen grassy prairie. Broken horizontal lines have, how- ever, been introduced to represent thickly woºded tracts that have recently been burnt over, and on which are now found only dead timber or small second-growth poplar and willow. The Duck and Riding Mountain area is shown as nearly as possible as it existed in 1887, while the vicinity of Lake Winnipegosis was explored in As shown above, by far the largest part of the district depicted on the map is thickly forested, and travel through this country is very difficult, except on well-beaten Indian trails. The surface of the higher plateaux on the summits of the “mountains” is irregular, occasionally rising in rounded mor- ainic hills, thickly scattered with boulders of gneiss and limestone, and then extending out into wide plains underlain by alluvial deposits. The sides of the “mountains" are, as a rule, fairly regular slopes, heavily wooded with spruce and poplar; while the lacustral plain to the north and east has a very even floor, chiefly of light grey till containing a few boulders, and is wooded with belts of smaller spruce and poplar separated by tamarac swamps. 1. The Wuite Spruce (Picea albaº is the most important timber-tree of the region, and is found scattered almost everywhere throughout the forest. Groves of much economic value to the lumberman are, however, not very plentiful, and are chiefly con- fined to the slopes of the Duck and Porcupine Valley rivers. Narrow belts of excellent white spruce are also growing by the banks of many of the streams. 2. Black Spruce (Picea migra) is also scattered over the low land everywhere, but the trees are generally smaller than those of the former species, and are seldom clustered together in large groves. 3. Balsam Fir (Abies balaamed) grows to a large size on the top and sides of the Duck Mountains among the white spruce. 4. Tamarac (Larix Americana) is scattered over the low wet land everywhere, but especially in the swamps east of the Manitoba escarpment. 5. Scrub Pine (Pinus Banksiana was found growing on the high dry hills in the north-eastern portion of Duck Mountain, on the sandy ridges on Duck and Pine rivers, and on dry or sandy areas further north. It nowhere grows to a large size. 6. Cedar (Thuja occidentalis) is confined en- tirely to the extreme north-eastern portion of the map, comprising the district lying between Lake rises as an abrupt ridge to a height of ninety feet above the former lake, and descends gently into low swampy country south of the latter. Through- out the swamps cedar grows in considerable abun- dance, and up to a foot or more in diameter and forty feet in height. It here forms an isolated colony beyond the line of its general north-western limit of distribution, which line just touches the south-eastern extremity of Lake Winnipeg. 7. Aspen (Populus tremuloides, and (8) Balsam Poplar (Populus balsamifera) are growing every- where throughout the wooded districts, the latter chiefly on low land, and along the banks of streams, while the former is the commonest tree in the country, growing to enormous size around the Por- cupine Mountains, and comprising the scattered groves in the half-wooded aréas, decreasing gradu- ally in size towards the edge of the prairie. 9. Elm (Ulmus Americana) grows on the low country by the lakes and streams, at least as far north as Macoun Point on Lake Winnipegosis, north to the banks of Red Deer River, forming groves to which the Indians annually gather in spring for the making of sugar. 11. White Birch (Betula papyrifera) is a common tree everywhere in the more thickly wooded tracts, but is not often met with of large size. 12. Oak (Quercus macrocarpa) was found on the west side of the Duck and Riding Mountains as far north as ten miles above Assessippi in the valley of Shell river, and on the lower plains to the east of the Manitoba escarpment its northern limit is reached at the south end of Dawson Bay, where some small trees are growing on a salty plain. 13. Mountain Ash (Pirus Americana, flourishes on many of the islands in Lake Winnipegosis and Dawson Bay, where it reaches its northern limit, and a few small trees were found on both the Duck and Riding Mountains. 14. Mountain Maple (Acer spiratum) is sparsely scattered over the country from Riding Mountain to the shore of Dawson Bay, and here attains its 15. Ash (Fraxinus pubescens) and (16) Tree Wºłłºw (Salix nigra) are thickly distributed over the low country and by the lake shores almost everywhere The partly-wooded districts are underlain by boulder-clay with a few pebbles and boulders, or by stratified alluvial clay, the former having an un- dulating and the latter an even surface. The higher ground is dotted with aspen groves, while the low wet country is covered with small willows. Be- tween the groves the surface is clothed with an even sward of short grass. In the deep valleys and ravines spruce may often be seen, and elm was observed overshadowing the Assiniboine River from Stony Creek southward. The open grassy plains of the Second Prairie Steppe merely touch the south-western corner of region mapped. Their surface is gently undulating and often dotted with small lakes. 5230 51” IOI"ao' IOI - L - - - - - (waiſed and drawn by DBDowliny, RA.º. The Burland Lithographic Co-Montreal 7a. Accompany Pºrt A. Anywa!//port Wºl, W1869-30. NOTES. 1889, and the colouring refers to that date. Mountains, and to the head-waters of the Shell and Winnipegosis and Cedar Lake. This strip of land (10) Ash-leaved Maple (Negundo aceroides) extends largest size. 3ºENCE LEFARY @Af / 5 5. “A J VOL. V. PART E. --->|<ºx=- 10, Map showing Forest Distribution in North-Western Manitoba, Explanation of Colours. Cambrian 2. Zarº arzºſaceous and wz/ſº sana’s/ones C with shaly ºana's/oossº, Zower/ºrm/ran. - cº Aºazºº, sºcious to/awa ºvercºa wº Æazº-sºare ºn some parts Huronian. 1 ſºarºtes agglomeraſes greywackes, ſºstºes. stratºſław quarty-dºorſtes claysiaſes, razzous Arra's of crystalºnesºsºsana rarely fanasoºdoſomºre Laurentian. - On the Worth-west stre of the ſºrontan her these rocks consºst of rea, and greyhoºenaſe-grantze arººnerºs, merging ºnto each other, on the .9A. state are gneisses only a. - Greensome 4//es. Nº. 129. 12% Sheet 4645 º ºx /?rººf.sºrºzzaz º 6/acaſ strae. o Goſa. * Gºer. ºn Mºe/. Aerºs a ſeeſ above sea ſeveſ are marked ***** //ose ortha Zzzax are part//from &romezzº readºws, nº ºase azoº ºe Zºnes of razzazy are from **ay proſº/es. 46.3% (Brulmiral Sururu Departutput. (Canada. HoNou PABLE EDGAR DEwon EY MINISTER, ALFRED R.C.S.ELwYN, C.M.G.,LL.D., F.R.S., &c,BIRECTOR. 1891. Nº 130. - Nº. -- - - - - - - - T2 . - º, Gºbson Zake. - º = º *...] Riveſ º - - ºr ºl- ſº - - º ſº º º º " at Lake. . º, ºr #: - Lower Mazaganishing ºra. º: - .se/ wº ſºonson/ake -*. s - r º loss. Wºzoa º º Strong tºurrent º- Nº. 131. º - - --- 1+ º, I - 1. Safter Asana. waſ - ºn * ind º - P *... º, Tº far lake. N --- lº 803o Longitude West 31° from Greenwich. Cºrºzz/º/, //, ZZZººZºorºº Compºſed awa. Zanz, Ay,8/ºr/ow (Zºe///au//sman, assisted 47.4//ºr/ow/A and//W/ºarº A.4%.5% from Surveys made / .4//wzzyższ Assº/?orºzºo/ 64%zºº. Zººl///// / /24ssistant /Pirector, and////w/ow///389-90/own Zanz/s/Mºoarſmº and Canadian/acrºe /ø/way Nº. 125. Morimº & Co. Lith, Ottawa, ont - 7% Accompany Zarz A' Annaza/ Vºorz, Voć ºf ZººZ - PROVINCE or OVTARIO, DISTRICTs of ALGoMA and NIPIssing. /Sudbury 3% ee.) Nat: Scale, 255 TTS, - - - & s .5ca4e ºf ºnz/es to one ºzo/. § - s s º 1. o º lo 15 Miles - § - $ *- s s - H+++++++++---, |- L =! - r– i § *- s § s s - - º - - ~~ º º: - s s - - - *- - - S- 'S § º : º s S: º ~ 3. S. º Es S. º. §: § º- § º º s & s s s § s º $ N § ss º *& S. § S S Š § 5 § S § is $ $ $ R §§ { $ * : ***, * : * S S A. § - … * - - - - - - - - - - - - ~ - - - & F. S.S. & N - -- - - - *- ~ S. - ~ ~ * * -- . o ºr w S gº º - * = < S. 'S S. S. & S. §§ -. § - $ & s & Sºss -> ~ s -- w s § § § § §; ; ; \ , ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; § §§ 3 ; ; : : § 3 ; § § 3 ; ; ; §§§ ; : ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; $ § - * -- - - -- ºr-- - - - - - - - - - ... .sº S. º. º. § - - - -- - ~~~~ * * > * > Lº - - line ºf Section,SJ7 E. A —- & Red Shomblendeśgranite. & Guess. º Crystalline schists, quartzite, exc, Harowan. §§ §§§ SS § Aeºmºendºranues § § s § ~ §§ s §§ SS & Yanasiones & & Cº. //ark states § $3 > Gruezss S&S S & SS's SS S § S S S S S S.S s º > Gneiss. § § B Mean level of the sea. |ºsſº: ºvsåsº vºgº, tº º WWW-Tº-ºxºº. 5. Riº ºf L.F.s ºr ºf , ºf - Rººses -º-º-º- - Nºtºrsº 2 - Nº ºr Tºº Fº's Tºº,” ºr `` WCº.: "… Nº, Fºr ºf "Tº ºv, , , , , º, ºr ~, , , T: , , , - ºSN N Nº NNºNº. º: º Aº, º º ºššº N - NDi NYNº. º - - - - - -- - - - - -" - - - - - --- - º - º \ \º. --- Nº NºN - Nº- sooo/*below sea level...º.º.º. º.º.º. º.º.º.º.º. º.º.º.º.º.º.: ; sº º, º sº: ... º.º.º.º.º.º.º.º. º: N Nº. N\\ - ºf . N º Nº. SCIENCE LIBRARY @ 2- VOL. V. PART F. y a 5- A 3 | --~ J | 18. Sudbury Sheet, Ontario. (Brulugital Sururu Departiſtritt. (Canada. HoNou RABLE EDGAR D Ewon EY MINISTER, º * ALFRED R.C.S.ELWYN, C.M.G.,LL.D., F.R.S., &c,01 RECTOR. 2, 2. - †: E 1890. -- - - - - - - º - ºnvºy lºgº T. Q - º º Q º Sheet, ## N96. - jº º - Nº7. 91".5° 91"is 91" --~~~ - º -- V - 77 - - - - TVTNT º - º - º -> % ſºlº غ 323 --- - --------> --- * -- º/, //º. - - - * "...º. - --~~~ --- º H = − º - º // º / Alº /…/ ** A \' - 2^{-2 º - --~ ſºlº . º ---> ºf 2. º º: -- ~~ … - . - --> Mazzº a ſº a 7. -- º zºo/eº º ºlº, , . ~~ غ - - - - *_--- + --~~ ticº***7, ºr/re §§ S. º º: w º - -- was ºr- - -º-º-º: | Yº- - § 3 ; --. * --~~~ - f A- ſº * ºr tº - | 36 2 || 33 3+ 35 36, 3. --> º º *_s % ſ ! --~~ sºlº ſº º”% º º '''S --~~~ - - "… - -rºº Zºº ſº. 2// º º Z 2- - ºlº --- --~~~~ XVIII . . . . . . º % º % º % º ſ {{\\ Sºº-º-º-º: - ZººZºº, Zº '''//, ////º º | \|\"\\\\\ sº-º-º-º-º-º-º-º- `. % - ſººji=== D -\º J º º % - \ 6; º, Zºº º L E G E N D. Szºl-Jº" / = º - - a, º - - - - \ by, S-7-- - - zºº + - - - -- --- - - - IS «CI Wºr º: // - As –- - HURON LAN. --º. Nº T-zº º % º//////ſ. - - Sºº-jºº ſº. V// -- º -- - --- * Neº - - º/ F-º-º-º: - Keewatin. sº § º º s isiº º -º-º-º-º-º: ºf;), * } rtº Writes soft arew schists, framental rocks - º/º// Tº - º º / º - - ºf...ite º %".7% ºf ºº - % - --- - ºſ- ---, ^2. º/8// - - schists, honºerºtºs ºſtered trafts, - 7. º *"Kºl Zºº, /// // //9//S/-. ºiałºgº hornblendº schists, and other green schisºs. /% s 2 %,º/ - º Ø º% % ſ % % %'S'ſ º º - - - º - - - - ------ - - - ſº º Coutchiching. ſº tº - - * % º º - Ž º º - º- º//////, /// --> º y º, ºº: ººº- - - - - º º // Z º º º- --- Fi Aſwa schist and fine º ſº º %% º% º// ... 2 Ø -% % % %//ſ. º º ºº - E - º twº ſe - º º º, | 9 º' % % ^º -- shathac mica schººst. ſº, º ^. !// ſ /// Z - % % %2 º: - -- º º - º, º % Z/ y /// % º º --- 4315 LAURENTLAN. - º - 7/////// Žº: º - - ºA. ſº º - 4815 º ºv. .2%% - Hornblende-syenite and %, Aº Z º/? Hº: hornblende-granite gneiss. ///74. ſZºº...? \\\y' Aitotite araniſe aneiss, 7 º ź %rºſe. º Gº- / - ºº --- º - - , , . . . - - - - - * | * : *** */ -ā- Biotite granite gneiss ſevenly ſolated) "rºy| ºº %-- - - | - º --> º // º Z - º - º - 4%% Mabase. - % -- - º - | º ^ º º … - 2 º' --- Q | Ø%% Nº.8. | - % º . ...— ...— ../nºwnazional Aroundary | º 3. %2% - - | * 2°º º - - | - / ººzz % º º - --> º º º º: ------- Geo/ogical downdaries. | * *Sºº zºº.º.º. - º / º, ºº: º -><2-ºººººººº, º | §. Avºº, º º G/acaſ striae and grooves. | º - | - ---K / Strºke. 9%. Correct ºozz Zºnk. T I 30Z Strike,aft and anyſe. X Verºcal dy. d Aroz ºre. 48° Mote r. These rocks, coloured as hornblende syenite, differ from the syenites of Pooh-Bah Lake in that they are much finer grained, darker in colour, contain more horn- i blende, less felºar, and some biotite. They are assumed | to be genetically identical from the similarity in strati- ! º graphical relations and from the fact that, associated with |/ º the syenites of Pooh-Bah Lake, are rocks precisely similar º to those one ºre at Lake. More 2.--The distribution of the rocks in this unexplored area is inferred from the observed character and strike at the exposures on the surrounding lakes, and from the structural relations of the Huronian (Courchiching) and \ . . . Laurentian rocks, as found to obtain elsewhere in the dis- || trict of Rainy ſake. ! Mote 3-4 small, undefined area of coarsely crystalline | - hornblende rock doubtfully of Keewatºn age. | | NOTES. ! a-Mºocks characterized by the presence of muscovite as a + constituent mineral. sl b–Garnetiferous rocks. Sº c-A’ocks characterized by the presence of hornblende as a S| constituent mineral. ! d–Greenstones (altered traps) with which is associated s G. banded jasper and hematite. St e–Dark green hornblende and chlorite schists. § f-Quartz-ºries. - g–Soft fissile, greenish grey schists. ! h–Clay slates. - | l - º 7- - 92°30' 92°15' - - - Longitude West 91%5' from Greenwich 91" Compiled and drawn by XEarlow Chief Draughtsman, and W. Smith, //om Surveys made by A.C. Lawson in 1889 and WH Smith in 1887–88-89 also by Depº of ſultan Affairs - Mortimer & Co. Lih, Ottawa, Ont. To ſººnstrate fººtorſ by Wºzz,Smith. Part/...//wwwal fºehorſ Poſ, P. Z.9%–97. Arusselſ. MºDouga//4 Mºussell Gºvt/4. "ſºning ſºngineers, Pºrt Arthur, Pavia. Thompson, Surveyor to the Boundary Commission, and Dºpº of Surveyor Gen/ Minnesota. - ustrate fº/torſ aſ wattſt, - / Geologica/ſy surveyed ºr 4.6/anson, J/1, Ph.D. and IſºSmith. A/POVZVOE'or OVTA/P/O. - - DISTRICTOERAINYRIVER, - /Hunters/sland Sheet) 1 Nat: Scale gºo. Seaſe. Army/es to one inch. 5 - 10. 15 Miles. Li-Lºiº- Q E. y 3 6 . A 3 VOL. V. PART C. 23, Hunters Island Sheet, Legend. E. Sº/wrºom. - C. Com/rian. & 6/acaſ Sºrra. 2. Perfºra/ Sfºrza. © Fºssils ºpps. Geo/a/ſca//ww///zes. --- Pºrs/ and/7”/s/ap/ºnes. . . /?olºmozz/ Zoº”y. + (//rch . . . // Schoo/ //onse . Ary. Aºsz (2//?ce. 7/e/eſ//s ºver, or ///s. Sheef are Zºom /ºi/war Sºrreºs and//forware/rºc observaſions: they rºpresent ſerg// in fºeſ above meazz /º/e sea ſeve/. - - (5culuutſal Suturu ſepartment Yuluutſtl Sururu Alrpartment. (ſalta\a. HON. T. M. DALY, MINISTER, ALFRED R.C.S.ELWYN, C.M.G.LL.D.F.R.S. &c., DIRECTOR. 1892. 18. N.W. - - - - S.E Nº. 18. -- 68"rs" 69°15' - * - z-z- | F- - - 2" - * - - | |- …-- Nº. Nº A - 75° ſ º Lake |48'15 º N Y. …” X wº (Source of Paº . Yº - - º N. & º - T. - Q 4.W.E. Razade º §: º º * | - ~ *. Nº. ºx S. º -* - | - * S.W.Razade). …” ** St º - º º, º | S. º ** º *—S \ . - - \ ." | ". - \ º Fouri, Sytzatook - \ Lank - - t * - - A. C ". \ * * Y ºf R. B. - ºre duº S - .* sº ck Pt. S \ M!Paradis º: S. - - \ - W -- \ 60° -)- C º -- º - - N --- - N. N * , , P iſ " . • *. º - - N --~ N Note ſia. *.. -2^ º -- ~ 770 T ! § º u. *- - y N *~ Jacºpº Fs tº º w * ~ & o | * º sº º *~. * y º - ~ .." 2. º -- --- - A § E. Notre Dame du Lºcsº º ~ º - Notre Dameditºriº --> * - Note I - º -- - º º: \º º N.T.S. *~ º, S. * vº. º \ -. - Z | \ º S. ºx. -- Nº. ... " - \ Sº, -*-- \. sº * -- Z º Mud Lake º - …-- Z - - - º - - - - - F 58° - --- 68°45' Longitude Wes from Greenwich. 68"so 69°15 (orry/ed/anz/dºwn? /y Wºº!///ºmes ſºon, a com/ſ/a/İon ºr Sco// Barſow, and ſºon Aſſoºray (ºvuz, Zozº, and Geo/a/ſca/.Sørvey //ons 4/ from Zºes: º o/ Øee - Geo/a/ſca/º re-surveyed/ /v/. W.///ey and W*A///es. In /888 – Z889. 17, N. E. The ºutaia Haul, Mui tº Liu," Lati, Montral. PROV/WCW or Q///#/CANo PART" or VAW-BRUMSW/CA. Na+.Scale ºf To . Sca/e/nurſes ſo one inch. H 1. () * -L- is Miles. Z% accompany Aºporſ ºr Messrs Bañey and A/4 Zaſzes. Pºr/ M. Amra/A'yorº /88% - Z890 – 3, S.W. Not E 1. The great area indicated on the map as Silurian is covered in the main by bluish-grey to dark-grey slates which often show harder bands and which are generally more or les- calcareous. They are everywhere intricately folded and this fact together with the develop ment in them of a fine and strong cleavage which cuts the planes of º obliquely has made the finding of fossils in them all most hopeless. Fossils do occur however at the points indicated about lake remiscouata. Touladiand squatook lakes and on the Quata. wankedgwick River as well as at various points outside the limits of the present sheet. These, though not affording as precise evid. ence as might be desired, yet indicate without much doubt that this whole series of rocks is a part of the Silurian system. Large areas of good land well adapted for cultivation, yet remain in the unsettled portions of this district. Nor-2. Extending from the edge of the over tapping Silurian North westward to the shore of the St. Lawrence is a series of rocks which, chiefly from the evidence of its contained fossils, has been here assigned a cambrian age. The characteristic rocks of the series are red, green, black and gray states with bands, mostly of limited extent, of hard, quart- zose sandstone and, near the coast, with inter- stratified, heavy beds of sandstone and of coarse and fine limestone conglomerate. The strata are everywhere much folded and contorted, overturn folds and small local faults occurring at many points. The states are everywhere cleaved finely and this, to- gether with their generally altered condition, renders the finding of well preserved fossils difficult. At a number of points, however, both within the present sheet and beyond its limits, fossils have been found, notably obo- ſella prettosa, Billings, which define the cam- brian age of the series. At many places throughout the wilderness land of this area good farming land occurs particularly along the river valleys. The region generally is more rugged and broken however than that occupied by silurian sediments. Note 3. this small area which is defined by a boundary line on the present sheet, but which has not been distinctively coloured, consists of red and white quartzose sandstone in heavy beds. In structure it is a synclina hasin overlying unconformably the states and sandstones of the sillery which everywhere surround it. No fossils have been discovered in these sandstones and we can only say as to their age that they are more recent than the *illery (Cambrian). At a quarry, situated on the south Shore of Lac St. Simon, where the sandstone forms the lake shore, buildingstone of good quality has been taken out. A good sample of this stone may be seen in the piers ºf the railway bridge over the Trois Pistoles River. scienceLeſſary (2) 9 F-2 %. g y & 5 * . , •) wº • A-6 ºt.” ſº ( - ºf ~'i 3. * /a “ vol. v. PART M. 27, Quarter Sheet 18 S, E, Q, ºi: ºngº. # LIBRARY HIETI IWM I (INI). GEORGE M. Dawson, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., Director. *r. M A P S TN TO ACC OMPANY ANNUAL REPORT (NEW SERIES) VTOLTU MIE VII 1894-. ---sºº. 2 -º- ~ *— .*-* 556 BRITISH Columbia–KAMLoops SHEET-Geology. 557 “ { { ( & “ Topography, EconoMIo MINERALs AND GLACIAL STRI.E. * 567 BRITISH Columb|A-FINLAY AND OMENIGA RIVERs. 571 QUEBEC-SouTH-west SHEET “EASTERN Townships” MAP (MonTREAL § SHEET.) . 561 NEW BRUNSWICK AND Nova Scotia—SHEET 4 N. W.—(CUMBERLAND CoAL- FIELD SHEET)—SURFACE GEology. - 562 NEW BRUNSWICK–SHEET 2 S. E.—(RICHIBUcTo SHEET)—SURFACE GEology. & 563 NEW BRUNSWICK AND PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND–SHEET 5 S. W.-(BUG- TOUCHE SHEET)—SURFACE GEOLogy. PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY. `, \ $ \ OTTAWA: \ PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER To THE QUEEN's Most ExCELLENT MAJESTY. 1896. ºº: - i. : º Sheet 122"oo" I, H. G. E. N. D. Pliocene ///zer Pºcanºe ∨, Miocene /o//water Group Oligocene Queen (* Asſama's Cretaceous Aormation zºº, Azzo/a /ºrmation Triassic razza'. Mºssºr/ (Žche ºee/ /ºrmation | ſºleſłºſzºe (anon Zimestones, - Carboniferºus /ºe //ze/ /h/wa/rom f/ower members, Adams Zake .5eries Cambrian (ºysła/Zºnescºsts or//aſed. In part altered (beolºgical Sururu ºf Gamaha. GEORGEM.DAWSON, C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S.8c.DIRECTOR. 1895. y PE-TLoos H-Kwo-hap M --> 7. º G. o - ski'- HIST MTM' ºatia’’ Compºſed and drawn by James McAvoy & 45c. grantic rocks alaeozoic A/wzowe ſtocks ſcºre/ºr grandie/ Øserved outerº” of Azmestone beds. 122°oo' - - o - o Afoads. Tº Aºtº -frºzz/s. Arø/oratory routes. | | | | | | | | || Andran Pºſłayes. Sizes of old Madan Pºſ/ages. (Azekwiſe Aouses / 121"oo" Nº. 12 120°30' ſº al Tuk-too-jahmin i. sº. ºney - º s - -- - ** - - - - a kL-ow - A MTN Nat. Scale g55 rºo statute Miles Geographical Miles (ontours 500 feet vertical interta/. Boyd's 70 mile hº e v ºf a zº in r -- of t e tº - & _* 3. º o The chasm - cºnsetts Calling Lake +920' Lºkwa-kwil/ (* * British Columbia KA MLO OPS SHEET GE o Lo G | CALLY COLOUR E. D. by George M. Dawson C.M.G., L.L.D., F.R.S. 1895 THE CANADA Eng.: Lithu.L.D.LTD-Md. NTREAL Longitude West from Greenwich. B O AWA PA. It 7" E. J. A. H. * Aſuk - wavºy º . . . . N. XX* – rºza'7. - point \ - - - - (Ž -/2 ... - Zoºxazz-rºzcz. poison hill - º *_- Tº. up - A. -- ;- º -- º -Q º -- Jacko I. - - º dº/ - gº yº - cº-e- * / GEOGRAPHICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL DATA. - Instrumentally surveyed lines as follows:–Line of Canadian Pacific Railway, as measured for Base by Dominion Lands Surveys. Trial location lines of C. P. Ry. Surveys from Lillooet via Marble Canon and up Bonaparte Valley, also along north side of Kamloops Lake and up N. Thompson Valley. Lines by Dominion Lands Surveys within the Railway Belt, chiefly near Kamloops, Savona and Ashcroft. British Columbia Government Land Surveys about Nicola and Stump Lakes. Some paced surveys (1877) and numerous observations for latitude by G. M. Dawson, have also been employed. Apart from the above sources of information, the geographical outlines, with the whole of the topograph9, depend upon triangulation, track- surveys and sketches by J. McEvoy. 556 º - * ExPLANATORY NOTES. z º The greater part of the region included by the map is more or less thickly covered by superficial or “drift” deposits, due to the Glacial period, although the Coast Ranges, the Marble Mountains, and some less considerable areas, are rather notably free from such deposits. The superficial deposits are generally thick and almost continuous on the various plateaus, boulder-clay being the most important. In the val- leys and lower tracts such deposits are less regular, although wide-spread terraces or “benches” com- posed mostly of gravels, sands and silts are found. These generally consist of re-arranged materials of the boulder-clay. Details are given in the accom- panying report, where the relations of these drifts to the occurrence of alluvial gold are also explained. The superficial deposits are not indicated on the map which relates entirely to the “solid geology.” PLIOGENE. A single small patch of conglomerate in the Fraser Valley is assigned with doubt to this period. On the possible occurrence of additional Pliocene see Report. MIOCENTE. The rocks of this period are almost entirely of volcanic origin. Those of the Upper Volcanic group are preponderantly basalts and basalt-breccias, with smaller quantities of melaphyre, mica-trachyte, mica-andesite and various porphyrites. No attempt is made to separate these upon the map, but some local details are contained in the Report. The basalts and basalt-breccias, often in nearly horizontal flows or beds, cover extensive tracts, of which the most iniform is the Green Timber Plateau. These Upper volcanic rocks appear to have been supplied from numerous local vents of which Skoatl Point, Porcu- pine Ridge, the vicinity of Kamloops Lake and pro- bably the Arrowstone Hills, are believed to afford examples. Chalcedony, agates and various zeolites are abundant in some parts of these rocks, and hyalite occurs. The Tranquille beds, although almost entirely composed of fine grained tuffs and other volcanic materials, have been laid down in water and are often well bedded. They pass in some places into tuffaceous agglomerates and are generally pale in colour. Fossil plants are found in a few places, and near Kamloops, thin beds of good coal. The Tran- quille beds proper and some other similar beds, both newer and older, are indicated on the map by the same colour. Where very thin layers of stratified material outcrop, they are indicated on the map by blue dots. The Lower Volcanic group consists mainly of augite-porphyrites, of grey, greenish and purplish colours. Some of these have been lava flows, while others are fragmental, either agglomerates or tuffs. Mica-porphyrites, picrite-porphyrites and numerous other species are also more sparingly represented. The chief region of eruption at this time is marked by the Clear Mountain Range and its southward continuing high lands, along which a line of active volcanoes undoubtedly existed in the early Miocene. Previous to this great period of vulcanism, and perhaps also during stages in its progress, some water-bedded deposits of a local character were formed. Cinnabar, copper ores and small quantities of native copper are found in association with the rocks of the Lower Volcanic group near Copper Creek. COLD WATER GROUP. These rocks antedate the period of volcanic erup- tions and consist entirely of ordinary water-formed deposits, conglomerates, sandstones and shales, in some places holding coal and lignite. They appear to have been locally upturned and denuded before the Miocene period, and are attributed, although with some doubt, to the Oligocene. None of the beds are marine. The characteristic conglomerates are chiefly composed of quartzite pebbles derived from rocks of the Cache Creek formation, and are often verythick. They are largely represented near the lower part of Hat Creek and near Copper Creek. Lignite-coal occurs on the upper part of Hat Creek, on Guichon Creek near the edge of the map, and coal on the North Thompson, near the north-east corner of the map. In these places the beds are chiefly shales and sand- stones. Important deposits of coal and lignite-coal occur on the Nicola four miles beyond the south edge of the map, and the associated rocks here include conglomerates. It is not quite certain that all these now isolated occurrences represent the same geologi- cal horizon. Traces of gold have been found in a few of the conglomerates, and it is possible that some of them may prove to contain workable quantities of gold. QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS FORMATION. These rocks belong to the earlier part of the Cretaceous period. They consist chiefly of hard sand- stones and conglomerates, often greenish, and hard dark argillites. The beds are much disturbed and are frequently nearly on edge. They contain a few marine fossils. Some beds newer than those of the Queen Charlotte Islands formation are probably in- cluded under this colour. NICOLA FORMATION. These rocks are referred, as a whole, to the Triassic period, although it is by no means certain that their lower limit corresponds exactly with the base of that formation. The colour on the map includes also some limited areas believed to be Lower Jurassic (marked J, in red), but the rocks of which cannot be definitely separated from those known by their contained fossils to be Triassic. The rocks are for the most part of volcanic origin, and the tract occupied by them on the map may be described in general terms as a great area of “greenstone.” There are, however, some inter- calated beds of marine limestones and argillites. The volcanic rocks are in general distinctly separable from those of the Miocene because of the amount of alteration they have undergone. Diabase-porphyrites are abundant, and these are occasionally still amyg- daloidal. Agglomerates composed of similar mate- rials are common, and pass into diabase-tuffs which are often finely water-bedded and are sometimes altered into felsite- or petrosilex-like rocks. The colours are generally greenish, grey or occasionally purplish. Some of the limestones of this formation are suit- able for making lime. The ores of the vicinity of Stump Lake, containing gold, silver and copper, also occur in this formation. cácBE CREEK FoEMATIon. Fossils of Carboniferous age are sparingly found in the rocks of this formation, but some of its lower members may possibly be of considerably greater age. The upper part of the formation consists ex- clusively of limestone, which often becomes marble. It is separately denoted on the map as the Marble Cañon limestone. The lower part contains thin beds of limestone, but is preponderantly composed of dark argillites, cherty quartzites and contemporaneous volcanic products. The latter comprise both effusive rocks, agglomerates and tuffs, with some beds of nearly pure serpentine. The volcanic rocks most usual are extremely decomposed diabase-porphyrites and these, together with the argillites, frequently become schistose. An important belt of such schistose rocks, largely argillites, follows the lower part of the Fraser Valley, and veins in these rocks have evidently contributed largely to the supply of placer gold along this part of the river. In the vicinity of Stump Lake and Campbell Creek, the rocks coloured as Cäche Creek are dark slaty amphibolites and argillites. They are referred to this formation with some doubt. On both sides of the North Thompson, the Căche Creek rocks are chiefly represented by argillites, grauwackes, and diabases with some limestone. The rocks of this formation are almost invariably shattered and dislocated in an extreme degree. Quartz veins are abundant in many places and have been proved to be auriferous on Cayoosh Creek and at the Big Slide mine, Kelly Creek. ROCKS CLASSED AS CAMIBIBIANT. No direct evidence of the age of these rocks is obtained on this sheet, but they have been traced eastward to Adams Lake and Shuswap Lake where their relations are better known. The upper or Adams Lake series is chiefly composed of green chloritic or felspathic schists, derived by dynamic metamorphism from ancient volcanic rocks. These, near the North Thompson, are found in some places still massive, as much decomposed diabase. The underlying Niscon- lith series is characterized by dark argillite schists or phyllites, passing into micaceous schists. CRYSTALLINE SCHIST8, ETC. Some rocks of this class, which occur in associ- ation with the granites, in the vicinity of the Fraser River, are indicated by a separate colour. They are probably in part highly altered Palaeozoic rocks, in part foliated granitic materials, and include mica- ceous and hornblendic schists, and gneissic ma- terials. PLUTONIC ROCK8. These are coloured pink upon the map, and though in all cases intrusive in their relations to the other rocks, vary considerably in character. The larger areas are, however, almost exclusively occu- pied by gray granitic rocks of different types, but between which no distinct lines can generally be drawn. Syenite occurs in some places, and on Kam- loops Lake and westward along the Thompson valley, considerable areas of gabbro, closely asso- ciated with the granites, are included under the game colour. The chief granitic intrusions have occurred about the close of the Triassic period, but some later granites are found cutting through Cre- taceous rocks. Quartz veins holding gold occur in a granitic mass at Jamieson Creek, and distinct traces of gold are found in the mass of syenite on Edward’s Creek, east of the North Thompson. º § OF 556; ; British columbia.” Sheet No. 12. (Kamloops Sheet.) GEOLOGY. × D º Q Cº. º º º º ºx EXPLANATION OF SIGNS. ºlucial stria. ºvers and streams worked for gold. ºlº. ºn-e- Me-y ºne- º Antºn. - --- ºnlin- Minº ºuring. ºrious Limestone outcrops, conveniently situated for mºng line. - Sheet (Đculumiralsururu of Ganana. GEORGEM-DAWSON, C.M.G.,LL.D., F.R.S &c.DIRECTOR. 1895. 122°oo | 50'so L * --> - --- e º - - -. º º - - - º ºf O.W. 12.1 ºr 7'º' - Young Lake - - - - -- º - nº º, - - - - - - - - - - - - P. L. A. T E A U - º - - - - - º Point ºf */ º - Poison Hit- - --- º - º ſhiº º Zºnºuſ. ºw-wºw - - º º º - - º º, º ** - * . . . - º ºfºº -- º Wººttºn-ºk, º º º - - - º º ºw º - - - - - a * * º -Inu. Will- (sayºna º -º- - º/ . ºf \º º- - sº-sºº's 'Q º - - ºut featnºte. - - - - --- separation ſº - * -- º pences br; - - nº-zºº - - º shafts, and, perſ º - º - Indivili: º º – - _ Noza-kwasº Mrs - - - - --- KL-ow - A MTN 121"so - — Longitude West from Greenwich. º/eº an a 2-awa & vanes McAvoy & 45c. Aroads. Azzº-ºw/s. Aºſoratory routes. Andran Pºſ/ages Sºes of ozo, ſºon Pºſ/wzes. //~/w/e 4ouses º British Columbia KA MLO OPS SHEET o . . . . . . . To POGRAPHY, ECONOMIC MINERALs, 8: GLACIAL STRIA- To accompany report by George M. Dawson C.M.G., L.L.D., F.R.S. | S 95 ſom/ours jø//ºeſ perfºra/ interia/ 557 Nat. Scale 255 ºn at Scale gººd GEOGRAPHICAL AND TOPOGRAPHICAL DATA. Instrumentally surveyed lines as follows:–Line of Canadian Pacific Railway, as measured for Base by Dominion Lands Surveys. Trial location lines of C. P. Ry. Surveys from Lillooet via Marble Canon and wºº Bonaparte Valley, also along north side of Kamloops Lake and up N. Thompson Valley. Lines by Dominion Lands Surveys within the Railway Belt, chiefly near Kamloops, Savona and Ashcroft. British Columbia Government Land Surveys about Nicola and Stump Lakes. Some paced surveys (1877) and numerous observations for latitude, by G. M. Dawson, have also been employed. Apart from the above sources of information, the geographical outlines, with the whole of the topography, depend upon triangulation, track- surveys and sketches by J. McEvoy. Statute Miles Geographical Miles =% - - - -- - - -- s of 557 . BRITISH COLUMBIA, SHEET No. 12. (Kamloops Sheet.) t § TOPOGRAPHY, ECONOMIC MINERALS, GLACIAL STRIAE. (Öruluuiral Suturu ut Călţānā. GEORGE. M. Dawson, c.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S.&c., DIRECTOR. 1895. 27° 126'so |26° 12.5% o' 125° 124°so' 124° 1233 o' 123- ..of | Q- - º - * * | # * * … acter : º -- ſº º C. § Z. §§ 573. - #!Nº. j º . A 30 I- - º º 573. --- 2. Cn º, A. a. wº - - - § y Mºtºwn º f - º % × vºº, / aſſº º/ºz, ſº ſº º: - - º ſºº/, º º Zºº ğº C L º º & A 32%), Aft } W º crºſºſ, _º/%tººk / / Sketch Section through the Rocky Mountains along the Peace River Pass. – ſca/e 2. Mºzar to an /ne/. 571 – - - - 57" - —ſ <--Geº OF THE . º ; 6.2ce/2 Ax. |||||||| €// % 9%// eſ.Z % \ º- of Acc{y JMozzzzzzzzzza./ | | || 7. 3. * † º - --> - N º Bow Waver Jerºes, ſºmârzan/----- - ; - - * * */- || - – --- - 5633 – * — — 563: ," º ..º. ~s. sº tº …" - Q º*... ." A9 -- A. gº' …” --- ey ºf Gf° 2' --" º' - y” A {0 - …” f & 2. ſº - * * * ...” - / º ...” ...” \ . º 2. & º - º - Y. e º º - - º ~ 2^ , -’ __ y ...” `s \ | . /? _^ …' a.º.o. 722. TX …” ...” N- * - |->| | T-- --- ...” \ %lºg | \ V-, ...” ...--" N O Ts. …~" * , Fº onnelly…" "T" ...........…” | \\ --> Tº ſ | f | |||| \ Tº --- | &zy” awaaz- - º, Ilºilº º w \ º º N. | º: : | - º : - - " |...} sº - 56|-}< N -- > - - - Aº % & -- º ſº - 56 ---> 2 V N. ſ T T †. º: Eſ. º º | | ſ `. º ~ … Gould ** SV, |-- # w | º S 2^ --- Y-------~ --- \ſ. Nº. \ , N - *\| *. Nº. --~~~ riº \º 2--" º | | 127° |263o 24 123; &rveyed arezº compiled by J.C.Y. &assez, A.º.ºcº, Zuzayraphed. Ży C & Jezzeczz, C.A. 567 567 s'9** % wº BRITISH COLUMBIA Finlay and Omenica Rivers. *** Legend. Devonian. A.ower//evonian Silurian. Zower/edºeſy Meaſºna Cambro-Silurian. //adron Rºveral.orraine, =nº ta. Westofthes!Lawrenceandchamplain Fault. East of theS'Lawrenceandchamplain Fault. N 7Fanzon and Black ſtºrer - - S.W. Sheet Black and greygmptotite states of Memphremagog Lake etc. Aarnham blacks/a/avand limestone Mºe and Bedford/ºmestones and states Chazy ºper/art of Pºwbury and *Armand section. ..." ------ - - -2° N. × --...--" - - "W.0/Mo tºy 7"Aryº *... w - Zowerpart of Philºsºwy and ºv et" ſt Calozºvows: o b 5''Armand section travº, - -- Potsdam sandstone | (Pºmably upperportion of ºzery, Cambrian. ºrcamorian ºn | * * - and conglomerates Mower Cambrian C. f* zone, Lowerfoºdam wºrrºs, - Georgia ſerves of Walcott. Cambrian fundazºº, C Huronian? Pre-Cambrian --- A. D **ſazº, we Laurentian. E. [ſ In a Maurentian Lºmestone A. //awrenzºan Gaez'ss and Granate Igneous. Breccia. º Diorite, Dolerate, Diabase, ºvenite ate Serpentºne Anorthosite - ºl Zone of mired rocks about - - - - - sº.Jerome Anorthosºe. Granate d Iron Q (ºper * * anaw 4 Glacial, Striae (F) Aossºs Zºrke {}. Asbestus' ºf an ºr (ony” and dramzz Arºoſher//?arow tºwe///raugh/wºman, Montrea/, /36. with additions and corrections ſo/897 by the Gºo/ogara/Sorrey. & * * o 2° 2 w - & * & - O <-- e ºv Iles Dorray U I s Basin (5tulmiralsuurſtufólamaha. GEORGEM.DAWSON, CMG,LL.D., F.R.S.8c, DIRECTOR. 189- sºmetdin, Arissy's 9 voy J/5 Allº" L.W. 99 ft. nºw log fºr de West The Sabiston hillioºraphic and Publishine company. Alonreal P/801/ACE of 0///}}C. - - Montreal Sleet. (//x//7, 7/07/s/.../// Nat. Scale: 2534.10. from Greenwich --- 15-M 11- Rºch --- T-t-ºf- Mr. *. - VWºº, L^ Y A + \l Eastern Townships Map. Accompanying Part .7. Vo/V//(Aew series, deologically surveyed by ºrhºzoyan.*WA/ZºëA/2Adams 571. note I. The Devonian areasin south-western Quebec, recognized by characteristic fossils, are of very limited extent. They are only two in number and are found on the west side of Mem- phremagog Lake. The largest is on Sargent's Bay, a short distance above the wharf at Knowlton Landing, where Taon- urus cauda-galli, Psilophyton, and Bythotrephis are found. The other area is near the Mountain House at the Owl's Head Mountain Landing, the fossils from which are chiefly corals. The horizon of the Sargent's Bay rocks is the lower portion (Cauda-galli grity of the Upper Helderberg of the New York scale of formations, while the limestones of the Owl's Head Landing are probably the equivalents of the Corniferous-(Dana's Manual of Geology, 4th Ed.) NOTE: 2. The Lower Helderberg of Memphremagog Lake is largely a limestone formation. while not highly fossiliferous at many points, shells and corals occur at various places and clearly indicate the horizon. The rocks classed as Medina on the map, are reddish shales and sandstones, which as yet have not yielded fossils. They overlie the Lorraine shales and were therefore assigned, by Sir W. E. Logan, to the Silurian system. The formation is difficult to outline, owing to the mantle of drift over much of the area where it occurs, and the boundaries are therefore, to a certain extent, conjectural. The road from Phillipsburg on Missisquoi Bay to St. Armand Station on the Central Vermont Railway, crosses an almost continuous section of rocks, mostly limestones, which present certain peculiar features. They have been described in the Geology of Canada 1863, pp. 844,680, under the heading Quebec group (Phillipsburg series). The rocks dip uniformly to the south-east till within a short distance of the railway, when a syncline appears in their upper part. The portion about Phil- lipsburg and the strata to the north and south, extending along this road for about three-fourths of a mile, is regarded as equivalent to the Calciferous (Lewis), while the upper portion is supposed to represent the Chazy formation. These rocks, in the vicinity of Bedford, Stanbridge, Mystic, &c., contain local developments of limestone and limestone-conglomerates, from which a great number and variety of fossils have been obtained. It has, however, been found that while certain affinities exist between these and the fauna of the typical Calciferous and Chazy of the Ottawa basin, the fossils as a whole present features markedly distinct. There is also a lithological differ- eace in the strata of the two localities. These peculiarities are supposed to be due to differences in the circumstances of deposition of the two areas, now brought into contact along the line of the St. Lawrence and Champlain fault. This fault extends from Phillipsburg to Quebec and thence eastward, separating the flat-lying formations of the St. Lawrence on the west from the highly inclined strata on the east. The small outcrops of limestone at St. Helen's Island and Isle Ronde in Montreal Harbour are associated with volcanic breccias, but have yielded a very characteristic fauna indicating their position at the top of the Silurian system. Note 3. No definite break has yet been found in Canada between the Calciferous formation and the Potsdam sandstone, the passage between the two, both in eastern Ontario and western Quebec, being gradual. After consideration of all the evidence from the stratigraphical and palaeontological standpoints, it has been decided to include them in one category as representing the basal portion of the Cambro-Silurian system. The areas of each have, however, been distinguished, where known, by a difference in the barring. Lithologically these formations are entirely distinct from the Levis and upper part of the Sillery formation, (formerly Lauzon), which are supposed to be their equivalents in age, a difference presumably due to different conditions of deposition. The Potsdam sandstone and the Calciferous are also everywhere nearly flat, while the Sillery and Lewis are highly inclined, sometimes overturned, and exten- sively faulted. NOTE: 4. The Sillery of the North-east map-sheet of the “Eastern Township" series, is divisible into two portions, an upper and a lower, the former of which consists largely of reddish and green shales and greenish sandstones with limestone-conglom- erates, the upper part of which is apparently the downward extension of the Levis formation. On the present map the rocks are well seen between Abbottsford and Granby and thence northward for many miles. The lower part of the Sillery is undoubtedly Cambrian and in the St. Lawrence Riversection contains characteristic fossils, Agnostus, etc., at certain points. The highest beds of the Sillery (Lauzon) do not appear in this area and the red and green slates, sandstones and grits of this area are therefore all probably Cambrian. The horizon of the Cambrian rocks on both sides of the Pre-Cambrian of the Sutton Mountain anticline, has not yet been definitely decided owing to an apparent absence of organic remains in the strata. The slates and quartzites at the base, are probably the equivalents of the Georgia series of Vermont (Olenelius zone) while the strata from Frelighsburg to sweetsburg, etc., probably represent the Upper Cambrian. In the Cambrian of this area are the slate quarries of Melbourne and vicinity, which have been worked for many years, and are of great economic importance. NOTE: 5. The strata which compose the Sutton Mountain anticline, are believed to be of Huronian age. They undoubtedly underlie thc lowest Cambrian. They do not resemble the typical Laurentian gneiss of the Grenville series north of the St. Lawrence river, but are not unlike the rocks which have been described as the “Hastings series" in Ontario, both in the character of the schists and the crystalline dolomites. They contain deposits of copper ore at several points, and the most productive copper mines of the “Eastern Townships" belong to this division. Gold has been reported from the gravels of some of the streams on the west side of the axis in Sutton, but nothing definite as to the value of the deposit has been ascer- tained. Gold has also lately been found in quartz veins cutting the strata of this series near Dudswell, north-east of Sherbrooke. Iron ore also occurs at several places. Among the rocks comprised in the area, are extensive masses of diorite, some of which is schistose. The crystalline limestones are sometimes quarried, as at Stukely, and make an excellent building stone, while they are also well suited for lime burning. Note 6. The Laurentian of the country north and west of the St. Lawrence is part of the great Archaean nucleus of the North American continent and represents the oldest system of rocks in Canada. It consists in part of foliated quartzose gneiss of more or less uniform character, which probably constitutes the basal portion of the system, and in part of more distinctly banded gneisses varying considerably in character, often con- taining much garnet and sillimanite, and associated in many places with bands of quartzite and crystalline limestone. This latter series consists in part at least of altered sedimentary strata and belongs to the “Grenville series" of Sir W. E. Logan. It is believed to repose upon the foliated gneiss before men- tioned, and to form an upper series in the system. Its delimita- tion against the lower gneiss is not attempted in this area. All these rocks are broken through by intrusive masses of anorthosite, etc., which are more recent than the Grenville series, since they cut it. They, however, are not more recent than the latest dynamic movements in the area, as they frequently show a foliation induced by pressure, especially about the borders of the masses. The old classification in which these anorthosites were regarded as constituting an Upper Laurentian series, resting on the Grenville series, is now abandoned. Note: 7. The breccias found on the Island of Montreal, and at a few points in the vicinity, are presumably connected with the eruptive mass or Mount Royal. They are well seen at St. Helen's Island and Ile Ronde in the harbour of Montreal, at the White-horse Rapids on the Back River, on the west side of Ile Bizard, and on the east flank of Mont Calvaire. They are cut by dykes of diorite, which must, therefore, be of later date, and from their intimate association with the fossiliferous Lower Helderberg limestones of St. Helen's Island they are probably not far different from these in point of age. The eruptive masses seen in the Montreal Mountain, Beloeil, Yamaska, etc., as well as in the chain of hills west of Memphremagog Lake, and to the north-east towards the chaudiere River and beyond, (see North-east sheet) all present a marked resemblance to each other, and are presumably of very similar age. Specimens from a number of these were examined some years ago by Dr. F. D. Adams, (Report of Progress, Geol. Surv. Cam., 1880-81-82) who found the rocks of the eastern belt to be largely an altered diabase. These masses penetrate strata of widely different age, being found associated with all the formations from the lowest Cambrian to the top of the Silurian. Portions of these diorites have been altered to a serpentine, which, however, varies in physical character and mineral contents at different points. In some of these mountain masses, the upper part is frequently fine- grained, while the lower part, and often the bulk of the mountain, is comparatively coarse-grained and syenitic. The most prominent hills of the eastern area are Mount Orford. Hog's Back, Elephantis, Owl's Head, &c., while to the north- east are the Ham Mountains, Adstock, Cranbourne, &c. (See North-east sheet--> - - In the serpentine masses are found asbestus (chrysotile) chromic-iron and magnetite. The eruptive masses of Mem- phremagog Lake are certainly, in part, newer than Lower Helderberg. The granite masses are found to the east of this lake. They cut slates and limestones of Cambro-Silurian age, probably Lower Trenton, and by their action have developed crystals of staurolite, chiastolite, mica, &c., in the adjacent strata. The period of the intrusion is probably about the same with that of the dioritic masses just described. in the area west of Memphremagog Lake, serpentine outcrops are quite frequent. They are associated with diorites and are often of very limited extent, so that their delineation on the map is not always possible. The larger and more important areas have, however, been indicated by barring. º º º - - - ** * *** 571 % ºf PROVINCE OF QUEBEC. (Montreal Sheet.) (Eastern Townships Map.) Gårdlumiral Sururu of Çanama. GEORGE M.DAWSON, C.M.G.,LL.D., F.R.S.&c.DIRECTOR. 1895. 5, S.W. 64” AWOR77//ZZAZR 63°15' 6330 Shermodue ºwn. (adman Pº ºf i- wºnºpe Bruin. - -º - * M º - º - Note 1. M. 3 (a) Ap No peat bogs of any extent occur in the region embraced in this sheet, except around the borders of the salt marshes at the head of Cumberland Basin, and these are narrow and apparently thin. The largest bogs are along the upper waters of the Missaquash River. A. Fluviatile or lacustrine flats (intervales) were observed at Halfway River, Nova Scotia, and in a few other places, and form excellent soil. º _yºtº, Infusorial earth (tripolite) occurs in Folly Lake, - Hº º Lºw Cape spear forming a large deposit. It was also found in other º, St Laurent -1 - lakes in the Cobequid Mountains, especially in .. L7 Sutherland and Pleasant lakes. The Folly Lake *II, bed was opened up some years ago; but little or no use has yet been made of this material. - 2 : sº - sº Note 2. M 3-(b) The area of salt marsh on this sheet is about 50,000 acres. The marshes around the head of cum- berland Basin are nearly all dyked and under culti- vation, their chief production being hay, on the drier portions, however, cereals and root crops are also raised. In auricultural value these marshes rank first among New Brunswick soils. In certain places a deterioration in their yielding capacity is, however, becoming apparent, and means are now being adopted for their re-fertilization. For a de- tailed description of these marshes, see report accompanying these sheets, vol. vii. N. S. p. 125-M.-- also, Dawson's Acadian Geology, second edition, pp. 21-33. lºxplanation of Colours, and Signs. Recent Deposits. Zºes, Pſºraer. A/ºrºne. Note 3. M. 2 (a) The deposits included under this note, which are those occupying the region above the highest known Pleistocene shºre line, present varied features in the different parts of the region. On the Cobequid Mountains they often exhibit a dry and gravelly soil mixed with boulders, while in other place- boulder-clay prevails, forming a heavy soil difficult to cultivate. On the slope between the Cobequid Mountains and Northumberland strait, these inland Pleistocene. Mozz-fºssºozzº § deposits afford good soils in most places; but west inland ºposºs. § of the spring him and parrsboro Railway they are Roſſing.Surºoe. § - º L- % wº º º gravelly, and are still largely in a wilder S R7 ſº The higher grounds of Albert and Westmoreland Ş ºr ſº counties are also mostly under forest, and not of 3. ſoles nº : Nº. a-i-ltural value. --- Sºrºcara Sanz, and Zeca (Zay. 1, N.E. ºve /*ssºrs. A Aſſozz/ºwer ( War: Note 4-. M. 2 (b) The large areas of this sheet lying below the highest Pleistocene shore-line, present a generally level surface with good drainage. A large portion of the country is cleared and under cultivation along the coast, affording some of the best farming lands of these provinces. The marine terraces, formed of -axicava sand and Leda clay, and also the river terraces lying below the limit of the Pleisto- cene subsidence, comprise tracts of excellent soil, nearly all of which are tilled. No fossils have yet been found in these marine deposits on the main- land, ºut they were discovered in them in Prince 45′15 Edward Island. These terraces face the open strait of Northumberland, and have, without doubt, been formed when the land stood from 18 to 150 feet lower than at present. Considerable areas below that limit within the region embraced in this sheet are, however, not terraced at all. i -e- Caeſa/striae. *Nº aſsº --> */ - ------- 2 - & (Mińudie !. Mill Creek: . * Azazes. Forest covered Areas. º ºpecks cove ºty's ----|-- - 1545 = (2/d grow//. == - - Boºzſº - º i.º.º- hows Pt º - º- Note 5. M. 1. Boulder-clay is one of the commonest consti- tuents of the superficial deposits in this region, but is usually overlain and concealed by later forma- tions. It is, however, exposed in a number of places, more especially on the slope lying between the Cobequids and Northumberland strait. These boulder-clay exposures are utenerally good land when not too stouy ; but if flat they are liable to retain the preeipitation, and form a wet, heavy soil. º Lower(ove” º - Aecen/growth. - harvifº Note:- Hºts ºn ºf above mean weaw. ºwn Raſway/roºs thaw, 192: howrºº ascerººnerſ. 235 The elevations shown on this sheet were on- tained from railway profiles (these being pºinted in black), from the charts of the admiralty survey, and from aneroid measurements made by myself, W. J. Wilson and a few by W. L. Matthew. The anerºid readinºs were based on the heights given on the railway profiles and on tide marks alongahe coasts. The Post-Tertiary shore lines marking the divisions M 2 (a) and M2 b were levelled by spirit level at a few points. All the nights given are referred to mean title level or the mean sea level of the Atlantic coast. The courses of striae are all referred to the true meridian. * * yºur Enrage ...ſº ſº. Wand Cove or > * * * H|45au |- - a -n_i-f - . Longitude West from Greenwich. - - -- i - - - --- - - - - - - - . 4, S.W. Accompanying Part M. Voſ. VII./N.S./ compiled and drawn by ſcot. Aar/ow, assisted by W./6trona from Surveys made by the Admiralty, ſm/erro/onia//railway and Geo/o/ſca/, Warreys. Geologically surveyed by R. Chalmers. - º," - ** - - - - - H////wres and Raïhway ſines added by R. Chaſmers and W.J. Wilson. SURFACE GEO LOGY. PROIZVCES' or, VOVA.SCOTIA Avro V/"W/BR/MSW/CK, 561. Springhill Sheet. - 1– Nat. Scale: 353. 440. Scale: 4 miles to one inch. —l- -- . l - --- TITILII LLI 1. 0. 5 10 15 Miles. THE canada end... LITHD.CD.Ltd. Munt REAL , or 56 & 5 NEW BRUNSWICK AND NOVA SCOTIA, SHEET 4. N. W. (Cumberland Coal-field Sheet.) SURFACE CEO LOC. Y. Part M, Vol. VII (New Series). Explanation of Colours, and Signs. Recent Deposits. |M-3 (a) Aºes/, Mºz/er. A/ºrrºwe. Pleistocene. Roſ/ºrg.sºrºre. J Mozz-fºssilifºrous rºorººzſºyºosrºw. º Sºeara Sonzº and Zerſa (Zay. ºlfarºnze /*s sºs./ M. L. Atooſaſer (Zay. - Garcial strfor. -**** Azºr, res. Forest covered Areas. 0/a/./row//. | *. Note: Ilºkº ºr ºf whore ºran º' Warſ. Aº Aºuay/rºw ſhºw: 102. /ºrwºº wºrrºwrººf: 235 65rulumiral Sururu of Çamaña. GEORGE M.DAWSON.C.M.G.,LL.D., F.R.S.&c.DIRECTOR. Nº. 2 S.E. 6(3°15' ºl | - | N º º Zºº º º º - N º = Gaspereau Hº- º==- . º - º º rt." - º Otter * H. º: * H º º º :§ º 5 = - = - = - Coal Br: COAL 18:18 inches: - Longitude West from Greenwich. %> * (;onymiſed and drawn by RW///s, from Plans man, by the Admirally own land, any Geological Surveys. Aſſ/ſafares and Railway ſines added by R. Chaſmers and W.J. Wilson. |Nº. - SURFACE GEO LOGY. PROV/VCE' or MEW/3/ſ/MSWCK, Richibucio Sheet. - – Nat. Scale: 253'440. Soare: 4 miles to one inch. —l. - - --- - - –L-- -* = 1 Luika-- 1. d 5 10 15 Miles. the canada eng-x LITHu.cº.utd. Md. NTRE au. Accompanying Port M. º.º.ºys/ Geologically surveyed by R. Chalmers. - 562. Note 1 - M. 3 (a) Peat bogs occur in several places within the area. included in this sheet, but the larger ones are rºund near the coast. Those bordering the lagnon tº the north of the mouth of Richibucto river, occupy von- siderable areas, and contain large quantities of meat mass. Two other large bogs occur along the tº ent Northern Railway, from two to five miles west of Kingston. These hogs exhibit surfaces which are raised in the centre, and contain a large body of peat. A similar bog was noted two or three miles east of Kent Junction, near the line of the annive- mentioned railway. Along the Intercolonial nail- way, a peat bog occurs about two miles south of Canaan station, and another a mile south of Rogers- ville station. River flats or intervales are found along most of the rivers, and usually form the best soils or the district. The widest intervales met with are along the South-west Miramichi river, at Doaktown, and along the Richibucto and salmon rivers. Note 2. M. 3 (b) Salt marshes skirt nearly the whole of the coast line embraced in this sheet, and in certain places, about the mouths of rivers, yield hay. They are not dyked, and are, consequently, subject to overnow by the highest tides. These marshes are fully des- cribed in the report. (Annual Report, vol. VII. p. 125. M.) Sand dunes are extensively developed along the coast. The beaches lying outside of the lagoons, extending between the mouths of the rivers, are almost wholly composed of fine blown sand. They are occupied only as fishing stations, and the prin- cipal vegetation upon them is coarse grasses and carices. Note 3. M. 2 (a) The higher grounds included in this group, which lie above the uppermost Pleistocene shore line, are flat or gently undulating, and are occupied with heavy deposits of boulder-clay and other superticial materials. Boulders belonging to the crystalline rocks to the west are abundantly strewn over the surface, and also intermingled with boulder-clay , , and overlying beds. where these inland areas are "well drained they form good soil, though deficient in line. Swamps and peat boºs are common, how- ever, on the more level undrained portions, and much of the region is, therefore, unsuitable for agriculture. The terraces along the south-west Miramichi, Richibucto and Salmon rivers, are comparatively narrow and unimportant, but wherever they are well ueveloped they form good arable soil. Note 4-. M. 2 (b) The areas embraced under this head, which lie below the highest known shore line of the Pleisto- cene submergence, are low and flat, but, being near the coast and along the river estuaries, are, never- theless, well drained for the most part, and form good soil. The finer comminution of the materials, and the larger quantities of organic matter inter- mixed with these, render them of much greater agricultural value than the larger portion of the higher grounds. Certain undrained areas between the river valleys, however, are swampy and covered with peat moss, under which bleached sands and clays lie. These constitute inferior soils. Near the coast the recent blown sands have been drifted over the land, and rendered it, in some places, worthless for agricultural purposes. Note 5. M. 1 Though houlder-clay constitutes a large part of the superficial beds of the district, it is only in very limited tracts that it comes to the surface, being overlain by stratified deposits, wherever it consti- tutes the surface beds, however, it forms a heavy, ricu soil. The elevations shown on this sheet have been obtained as follows:-Those of the intercolonial and other railway stations, in black, are from the profiles ºf these railways; those in red are from our aneroid measurements, which were based on the height', given on the railway profiles, on the Meteor. ological station at Chatham, N.B., and on tide marks along the coast. The datum in all cases is mean time level in Nortnumberland strait. The courses of the striae are referred to the true meridian. º ** %. , * ... O 3. = % 562 * * NEW BRUNSWICK, SHEET 2 S. E. (Richibucto Sheet.) SURFACE CEOL OCY, Part M, Vol. VII (New Series). Explanation of Colours, and Signs. Recent Deposits. Aºes/, Mºzar. A/azme. Pleisłocene. Area. Wurfree. Mon-fºssilifºrows inland ºposits. Roſſºnſ, sºr/ºrce. º Sorror” Sørf zazzazzeº, * ºve/ºssºs./ Aforeſtſer Car: Głocratſ striae. Forest covered Areas. 2/r/º/rowz/. /recen/growth. | | Note:- hºw ºn ºf wore mean ºarſ. * /a:/way proſº ºw. 192: how” awºrºw: 235 ©rulumiral Sururu of Çanama. GEORGE M.DAWSON, C.M.G.,LL.D., F.R.S.&c.DIRECTOR. Note 1. M. 3 (a). some of the largest peat bogs or the maritime Provinces occur in Prince paward Island, and are described in the “Report on the geological structure and Mineral Resources of P. E. Island,” by Sir J. W. Dawson and Dr. B. J. Harrington, 1871. A peat bog of considerable extent was found on the mainland on the coast of kent county, New Brunswick, just south of Little Gully. River tats are only of limited width in P. E. Island. the rivers there being small, and the same remark applies to the rivers of that part of the mainland included in this sheet intervales were observed along the Shediac and Cocagne rivers. Note 2. M. 3 (b). sand dunes are well developed along the north- east coast of Prince Edward Island, and also on the New Brunswick coast, where these dunes are widest, the beach which they collectively form consists or several ridges, supposed to have been thrown up by the waves at successive intervals, the accumula- tion of these sands at the mouths of rivers, or in harbours, isoften a serious obstruction to navigation. See Report accompanying these sheets, p. 124 M.) 1605. --- Nº. 5 S.W. Sheet *- - 5, N.W. - 64"15 64.30 64°15 6.4.” - - 63's - * - - – - - -- ºCape Kildare - - Bºy Mºrrºnezas/ A'. wº o - | > * | - - - º | - º º 4645 &\ (ape Wº% / | -s | sº ºs Jºſe Gwºź ºf: | MºW//iam & Cove. - - Carey Point of Inlet - - Es-> º ſ */. West Point Nº. ==\º -- Cº º 46.0 º) Poºf º Buctouche', Harbour ~f~ ºffs ºf - - . . - º *sſes Mººnſ - º SHED LA G BAY - S/mediac Y. º * …" º ºº: Hºº º IJNº. º SRs 46%. Salt marshes skirt the coast of New Brunswick at Little Gully, shediac Point, and in two or three places to the east of Shediate harbour; but they are *rows and produce only small quantities of hay. No salt marshes worth mentioning were found in P. E. Island within the area embraced in this sheet. Note 3. M. 2 (a). The deposits referred to under this note are those which occur above the highest Post-Tertiary shore line, and have hitherto proved unfossiliferous. in general they consist of stratified sand and gravel on the surface, underlain in most places by boulder- clay or rotted rock. In P. E. island rotted rock -- quite common on the higher grounds, though usually overlaid with stratified beds of ureater or less thick- ness. Much of the soil on these unlands, both on P. E. Island and the mainland, is, however, coarse and gravelly, and is consequently of inferior agri- cultural value. - 5, S.E. Note 4. M. 2 (b). The deposits classed under this head, which occupy by far the largest part of the area embraced in this sheets are those stratified marine sands, uravels and clay (Saxicava sand and Lena clay, found lying below the hi-hest Post-Tertiary shore line. In many places they are terraced and of considerable eniek- ness, elsewhere they form merely a veneering upon the other superficial deposits. only in P. E. Island have marine fossils been nituerto found in -e- Their agricultural character is ºenerally speaking, nuuch superior to that of the inland deposits, and large portions of the area occupied by them are, therefore, under cultivation. Fine farming lands occur in the coast districts of P. E. Island and er -he adjacent mainland ºf New Brunswick, in these localities the materials constituting the son having been more finely comminuted than upon the higher grounds, and intermixed with greater or less quan- tities of organic matter. The mussel mud which occurs in the creeks and bays affords an excellent fertilizer, easily obtained, and capable of raising the productive power of these arenaceous clay soils to a high degree. Note 5. M. 1. Though boulder-clay is so common in the region covered by this sheet, it is seldom seen forming the surface soil. On the higher grounds it --- out occasionally, but is of very limited extent there. . In the vicinity of Irishtown and Lutz Mountain, however, the hills are mantled with it, and it forms the bulk of the superficial materials. The elevations indicated on this sheet are taken from the profiles of the railway lines laid down -- it, these being shown in black, and from barometric heights measured by myself and w ł. wilson. based on those of the railway stations, on the * *, º % R1c H Mos D & - °, pº B. A. Y. - * º Cºrcº Red Head 2, Cape Egmont". A. ^d, ''Irie Bay were 2. - 2. º Graham&/ºad, º * T- - º Z 2- . - AP º - - T "S -> º W º ºrch/? \\ §§ -- º º § ls ºS Ž º - º º Pºlº *N *% - - – " " " ' | ZººZºº & Longitude West from Greenwich. 64" 63's ER LAND STRAIT 6330 Government Meteorological station at Charlºtte- town, P. E. L. and on tide marks along the coaste. They are all referred to mean tide level in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. The courses of the stria are al- referred to the true umeridian. Gººſſed and drawn by R. W. Ells, assisted by A.J. ciroux for, 4dº/visurveys and Bakers Map of Prince Edward Island (1863.) Hill fºrtures and Raiſway ſines added by R. Chalmers and W.J. Wilson. SURFACE GEO LOGY. PART'or VE'WBRUMSWICI, Avo Preſ, VCſ.” A.DWARD ISLA.V/). - Cape Traverse Sheet. Nat. Scale: 353440. Scale: 4 miles to one inch. __ --- -- 10 The canada Eng-ºut Hu.cº. Ltd. Munrºe AL 1. 0. 5 15 Miles. Accompany mafºr vior. razy. .S./ Geologically surveyed by R. Camers. 5 G3. s°"t 563 * * New Brunswick and P. E. Island. SHEET 5 S. W. (Buctouche Sheet.) SURFACE CEOLOGY. Part M, Vol. VII (New Series). | III III I III, GEORGE M. Dawson, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., Director. M.A. Ps TO ACCOMPANY ANNUAL REPORT (NEW SERIES.) VO LU M E VIII 1895 585 LABRADOR PENINSULA—SouTH WEST SHEET 586 º do - do SOUTH East SHEET 587 do do NORTH WEST SEIEET 588 do do NoFTH EAST SHEET PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY - OTTAWA : PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER to THE QUEEN's Most ExCELLENT MAJEsty | - 1895 (brillumiral Sururuut (ſailina GEORGE M-DAWSON, C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S &c., DIRECTOR |-ºtº, 819 80° 549 f - .-sº--- º s Yº- º s 2^/ \ *~ y º | --~~ - * - - º º \ --~~ ~%rrowz. / ºf - - Q § - slºts * } Q - -- ** º - - º, S. ſº 2 º' -- 2n - % - -- v - s T- A * | --- - * Es. -- * y \, A tº ~~ º, sº - --- ~~ ~ _* -- J- - --~~~~ - - * _2~ A _- Aye Zaïe ` T--— ~ - º `--~~ ..at - Nor- 4%rºwrºnić Z. sº 4. ºur- º of the Wazº: --- ---~ - -- --- - - --~~ - "… * * * zºº-ººroº º: ºre is abana ...- `------- r enor ºººººº...nº . Pr * - * and ºl. 2 - Lºw- | - …tº - ſ ºsſ and 2) $º - / -" ... " ºn lººſes tº J y Zº - - -- - w - - - - - // gº Pºes sº º ſº-a- --" f / ſcº - - - -- §º - |---- / º - -- * - - - - --- --~~~ - - - W . - -- 4/. - \ * *- ------- * | *, *, *, * \ /* --~~~~ Z. A. - & --- º -- - - ºpiº ~ º - & º y - ------ ---- º - A - -* -- - - V /* - - - - º - º –2- U R. - w zº - - - Zºº º - º º - ºx-- - =º - - f ſ / ~ \ -- *. - _º / ~~ - - - - - - - . ſ |- ~~ - - - - --~~ - - - - - efºe, 31. S. - ºs- -? ºf - 'ºZ. --- - - - - - \ ſ /Mºtºrvik L. a 42 sº \ --~~~~ -z halº. *artz veins * : * ~~ - - w y - º * º - * W. * *-oper plies -- -- - - / ! ſ | º * - º -- ... ººlºº. - - --~ *- - -n. - mar - Legend which § { \; \; | º º º 2. - - - - - ſº lsº / Z \," Falls ººms th- mat- - Ş. -- - - - § - f * º'º" contains * fºr t J. ------ s º 1 -- --- - larg D- º º - ſ -- - - - / - º / # urriny in the valleu of the - - - . S. Wºº- - P-tº- º | * § - - - nº charged with - - º / i/ -- § ºu manu qua D Cambro-ºtſurian stagiº - ſº I S. neº see Report p ºu Pontº Czech: --~~ N yº Cº-T-T- | L^ _^ - - s ) ...; - o * ºt'House - | _^ 2^ / § ZS' - 52 - *se 4.- … ( / / 2” § - -*. - - - - ºo:: - C Cambrian - ...º.º.º. *Yº * Z. - / A.º - V. ºf ºn- º * ſºlºs --- Ø º - - A - - -- of fiddle - -- ºfessºr? º: - - * == ºrg -------------- magnette I'vº ºlºs- ºl-" &zz aeſºta occur bedded wºn the gneiss - WTN Nº. - º %22 º s Z/ * _^ Mºnºn Lake see ºport, pp. 244 º iss. -- |$º - --~~~ -> - B //wronzaa. - - | º, >e=ºs - - º - - - - - -- - `__ L *.*, \ | º - - -> s - - - - - N | ~" –Z - - - - - - - M - - *- ~~~~~ *zzy Aºzzer º --- - w -º-eatone - -* -- Nº. -- y - - -- --- - - - - T- - - - - - - º!º - - * Note-associated with º - UºZ. º Zaurrentian, including/indamenta/ º º. º, *º ! *ºuchalagan River a ºn tº --- ºne limestone of the 830')|| - - º - - - - - - º --- - ---- stu mica gneiss which | - Ichimanticizadº º 6nesses and Grenvil/exerºes, sometimes "V" o Hºs - 7 ! -- " - suº ºf iron diº - A. º % º waſh limestones 2. *-- - º ºſ- "- º -º--- - **_ ~. º ſ/ Limestone - --~~ |- - - *S º º º º ºv. 2 See E - --- - º/ouchadayan ºw. - - ºvº Žº *. 4. art G. vº | 1885, ſº geol %357. º º - - Zºzzº- - - CIO of º º º Massive grant/ºc rocks wº gy ºpert and M º - ** - K --iſ "f | /...~. - - 4-54 ozzo. - = 2^ Sºzia. * Zºº” arz =T_%2. Amor Anorthosites ºf j Tº alſº Zº - c, / s 519 - º *- e rocks of th - Z/ - -- - - º - \ - mestone * Cambri - - º w - - º / Alamestone Lºr º \ with the º sºcious º ºf Mistessina, º. Y 0. * 2° ºy | - s - -: - towards tº Tº ºf the alſº º * The general º ºusivelu º, V. Z /* s - ° southern limits of **u. Nº ºn. * coincides º Aş - º A. b. \ ** area sºlº N. N. E. º. º 2. º ſº- --- pp. 266-287. º º - - - A 7. - tok º Glacial striae 500 | sºfaz. _*. - º C Lºr *azºo, 2 ------~ - – sand Pt * ſ } *--- - D º a! O Tºrº, º, ºvº ºzºº 129 L 9. º - - º - - ston-z 1129 //eighſ above sea º *zéar. A. NOTE_ % ~~ - - about ºn Mao - º º _/ gan "º { - - - - - - ** y- See Redºn * -> Raº' ºl_ - º º -- § - º ...A/, - º ! s) *Zaolºzz, - - - º § N | ºs - " / º/ . % º C / A º º º º: / ! - -- y 7 º --- - - - -- - *- - | º, % º \ | |500 º - ~ º º -- º º º W . - 5 : | - # *><^ "º. - Rec ſ acen surveys y^his recº - - --~~ Tº . ~~ -- - º -- -- -º-º: - º \ - --- - º º º 2^\º º Ø … / º º Zºº º - º ºvº-V' - - --~~~~ º º º -A- º º - --- º/ - --- - - T **es: - % º . -- º º º . º º º . º, - |- -2&zz. assy - º "Dº Uſ º º º.O. -a or Grº. º - |- ºn Jºº º Tº |- - **ºtº. Tº º, nº ſº. cº - º º **Tº sºlº º º Wº: -7, º - º ºlº lº - LA-TVºl. - W º . w "º. --- | - Y F. º --- 'orº |Yºº. - - --- º —J ºn Hº. º ºut. - º X.º, Nº. - -º- º | º - º -- º ºna..…" º, º º -- º º Wºº Syº, Yº! o º ... " --- --- 49 - - º º Betsiamits *z, olombier ºr... i. - º “ºve-Wºo, **aska. Aºy º Peº- - º - - Father Pt. 2" - % º º, Bi I y * . %2F% - lux L. _^ º, 2% º º **º-º: - J. Yºº 2 vº - - º & º % º . º sº £ºzºz. . *…], º & 6 ºſºs º % º º ºf jºº º º - - - º - º º Sº - - º J.Bon Désir L. w - - - - y; º Beyeronrºe dove / \ S. º º º - | \, wº- º --~ º 's YººHºº º ache Pt. R’ --- o 74° 73° 729 71° 70° 69° 68 - - - ---- - - * º 2u-ºorºo & (2//en/ / / / / / /o/, // Accompanying ſºor, ºr A /º/ou, / Apºc, Par Z, Vol.17/(Wau.5eries) //www.ſor/o/o-///a/ra/ / / 0.5eneca/, // Sources of INFORMATIon. South West Sheet Sources of INFormation. 585 GEOGRAPHICAL. GEOLOGICAL. Coast line from various Admiralty Charts excepting: NWAP The geological indications include: (1) East coast of Hudson Bay between Portland Promontory and Great Whale River, from map by Dr. R. Bell, 1877-78. f (1) Facts obtained during A. P. Low's expeditions of 1892, '93, '94, '95 and '96. - (2) Coast and islands of James Bay from charts of Capts. Taylor and Bishop, of the H. B. Co's vessels, with corrections - 0 (2) Observations contained in previous reports of the Geological Survey as enumerated in the accompanying report by A. P. Low, 1887. ABRAL) ()R PENIN SUI A (p. 19, L.), including work by J. Richardson, W. McOuat, R. Bell and F. D. Adams. * 1. * * J - - - - - - Rivers of the southern watershed chiefly from surveys of the Department of Crown Lands, Quebec. Nottaway River from L 1. - (3) Observations of A. S. Packard on the coast between Belle Isle and Nain. survey by R. Bell, 1895, Rupert, East Main, Koksoak, Hamilton, Romaine and portions of the Big, Great Whale, Clearwater, - Manicuagan and North-west rivers, from surveys by A. P. Low and D. I. V. Eaton. Rivers and lakes shown in dotted lines Natural Scale: Tºur are from sketch-maps of H. B. Co. The central interior from a map made by John Spencer and John Beads at Nichicun (1842). The routes between the East Main and Nottaway rivers from a map compiled by Jas. Clouston (1824). Jazze. 352,222er to one ºzzcº: - º º º rº ea º -zº zz - FIF-E- - - . -- =* § ; i. * º *** tº 585 : 2 ** LABRADOR PENINSULA, South-West Sheet. C - - --~~~~ % / º º-º-º-º- ſº - º ººl º - º /* º 1129 Legend Cambro-saturdan. Cambrian Aſurontan. Zaurentian, including/indamentaſ ºnesses and Grenville.Series, sometimes waſh limestones Massive graniſte rocks Amorphosites Jamestone Glacial striae Afety// above sea (brillumiral Suturluf (ſamānā GEORGE MDAWSON, C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S &c., DIRECTOR Laºye \ Ç s -\ 54° t - Cámbrian The Neneral strike of the cº º A. Hamilton River is NN.W. N See Report *& -230- .S. Whe Can see Report #) Š | Not" arge masses ºf alsº iron ore occur aboſt Duke, Astrau. Marbll, alº Menlººk lake- *\ ºport pe. 274–280 and 85 285- º º $7% Nº. % º % º, 33% - Goºle see Repº J \ L º al } - y - - - - º º ºuanº: Lake J º 3%% º º - - as of Laº brian º 280–2821 B. - - s º º ºion Pºž - - - --- - º - - *: - * º º gº º 'A' | | ide of Lake wº - - - W / wº - _* | ite of the east º' labºr- tº Nº. kaararai, - Sºlº of preciº” § º s | º | ſ & Jº Hú. ºpinette‘...º. ºw' Aznematº Af. Z - --~~~~ * > --- %. 597 #2 ! ****,2,. % trom - _- 53° - ". / one ºne coºl - - … . Pt. alon- - yº Bºy /ſtoche Pº * ea colourº ºº º bee- º | o º º º 2.65- - - arººn º º see Rºp 4%.3 - ºver-pº" - º coloured | -º. - --- - N D i& *º Zºº” | º - - //y//* - - -el. ** ſº ". - - - * / %. Banks 2 - --- - | ael º, Hr ſ Sº" _\- | ºccasia” º - . ) ºt-º- - * A \, cranby's ºź. *…. nepiº - y / -- | ºl aburgh º y º | Heckle” #!/ - - º 23 stue”. ºt Lew. ºpATT º “”? ºcware” e Mºhikamau - - º, arº. 2. - a. * * dy - £º, - - ºloº Grea". * - * > . - - ºt.” A. lºbe * ---O. T* B. ºº - **** º * \ , , - - | - Z- rº- - A - - - f --~~ - - \ { {2 \ --~~...~PP”ximate Height º' -- º * i. |\ º Tri-------T-I- | º, ( ; _- º \ - - \ - _- | - * ſº | - º / N ºr / -) I "M (ſ / l 㺠… & , * Pt. 2/ - - - .** *...*c. hºr: º fºr. \ | º #L. - - - º *zzzº. § º º, generie" " - tº 1. *aux v. ----- \ \ } - * * * *Is. - - º - º 2 - tº ſº. --- -- - * * 51 - º - - - - - - ---. *e. - N. º3. -2- - º* º ºf-º-ºst. Augus –5. - º Tº - *. º º- _- of º º Bay - ---, - _- ºf . - ºgoose is: St.Johnº A Loon is: | 4 * : - & ... * - º § º 7 - §- | § § 50° ſ § yº º - ºwºº - - - º: º º º - - - - - º º --~~~- - - - - ºt. A º”””, “ . . . . . * * 50° º "“garettº %. ºpt. º% º t.Jambon & º jºi. reton” ºn 5. - - pºration Pt. § 3. - Yºº º . -- º ſº | * Bear fid. | | - - en ** * * ! s ºp. 49° º L -1 * Table Hà. ! º \\ Pt. Caribou - Nº. T º º - | J) | Fºr B. ſºſºruty Ary | .. - Nºw! |\\ ºnly º Jazzºvſkºe Nº. º º - 4, \ 49° 48° __ - V- g- y | LZ-T-K- - _- º – - ille C | __- c.Angu s 2\º- ~~ _- - - _ - - -- - - 68° 67° 66° 65° 64° 639 629 61° 60° - 590 38° 57 ° --- - (on//en/ / / / / /a/o/, // - Accom/anzaº ſº, art by A. AEA on, ſº Ap. We, Part /, Wo/. V////Weir, Series) Zºrazor, ſor/o/o-///o/ra/ / 4 & 32” ( / Sources of information South East Sheet Sources of INForMAtion 586 GEogRAPHICAL GEological Coast line from various Admiralty Charts excepting: (1) East coast of Hudson Bay between Portland Promontory and Great Whale River, from map by Dr. R. Bell, 1877-78. (2) Coast and islands of James Bay from charts of Capts. Taylor and Bishop, of the H. B. Co's vessels, with corrections by A. P. Low, 1887. Rivers of the southern watershed chiefly from surveys of the Department of Crown Lands, Quebec. Nottaway River from survey by R. Bell, 1895, Rupert, East Main, Koksoak, Hamilton, Romaine and portions of the Big Great Whale, Clearwater, Manicuagan and North-west rivers, from surveys by A. P. Low and D. I. V. Eaton. Rivers and lakes shown in dotted lines are from sketch-maps of H. B. Co. The central interior from a map made by John Spencer and John Beads at Nichicum (1842). The routes between the East Main and Nottaway rivers from a map compiled by Jas. Clouston (1824). NWAP The geological indications include: f (1) Facts obtained during A. P. Low's expeditions of 1892, '93, '94, '95 and '96. O (2) Observations contained in previous reports of the Geological Survey as enumerated in the accompanying report LABRAD OR PENIN SULA, (p. 19, 1,...), including work by J. Richardson, W. McCuat, R. Bell and F. D. Adams. (3) Observations of A. S. Packard on the coast between Belle Isle and Nain. Natural Scale: Hºsłows: Jeaſe. 35.22.2/ºr to one ºzzch: º a ., " a tº 2a : -> zy ----- *E=- - =* .or 586; * © ** LABRADOR PENINSULA. South-East Sheet. (braſumiral Sururuuſ (ſamābā GEORGE M.D.AwSON, C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S &c, DIRECTOR lºng —rºº 83° 82° 81° 80° 79° 78° 77° 76° 75° 74° 73° 72° 74° 70° 69° 68° 2 > | 47 L - - --- - *. ſy_ºf . Lººp º *"... of lººſes *opes ºnce Z/ ºr. º - 2*T* ,” . -Sotz, ºſ. cºerry Foreland) S - Z C Sm; - –––-º 2' V - *ith I. ºf, ºrnith Tº º ––––-T ſº 2 - - 2 M-5- 2^ -- } --~~ --ſ ºf a º - y- º - -- * -- \ -- - 7 | - - --- ----- - - - r | || - *--------- --> - 4/05 -- Q - I *~ | \ 61" 60° \. |\ -: º -> *O ~~ º *s Q *T Y 32 ºs º 4 º-Yº / 2. D | - s º: º - cº- ~ sº N - Sº N C 2 -- Sº Tº ºrZºº APA 1727. 2 2. 60° º J 59° ſº gº °, y sºſs-me. * | ſ? > 13, º togethe, º º the ottawa -- | 2 * - *c erupt ands consi - S * *ºlºr --~ - ſ ) 2 - º - - - º –2 Z AV G 2 d - - - º C. º º n Duff..... >. Two Bºoth er. - º "In ; : cº | - - º specimen collected bu Eski º | Rºrtland Agºgº ºpposed ſº cºme. º intº º º ºr a __^T ~ "ontory Legend ºf e. ‘... N. *zzºz. Zazz T- - 58° D. Cambro-ºr/www.am --~ - Vº - - - - ºzº, vº. --- |- 27 Zºy Sº,. - Inukshiligaluk j" *"Zºe/2 (Big Rock"Pt.) º º .." -- * - - - * Camºrtant w Hopewell pi* ſº - ** A "I - *. º S. º \ y º º / Qu º H --- //wrontan Tº 2 _--~~ º - - \4. º º º ſ - Z. Zoº: - L £ ºw ***/ºz Zº \ r: - %º Zaurentanºctuding/indamenta/ Lºe/Z/7. %. º sses and Grenit//e.5erres somet, mes Nºr Ž. waſh limestones | | war- 5.º. of chain al Ft Chi Z} } * Promº shore/north. - - 2) u. are Camb an - - H. º - - - * J - - ^ º --> º - - - Ki *— ºf. |- - |. º N- º Massive grant/te rocks 2 Ing Geo \ * ####! #º- 58° ----- -- - - rt ---- - a-hº --- - º º - - - - I. I I ge ` \ N N º º: ºn. | S. W TAL - - - - -º-, º 2 | slands `s º, Sºjº - w ~ t º N - S. - 579 - * -- ! º N - t S.", Amor. Anorthosites - 2^** - - w º º ~ / ~ - - - - T- w - º - º: land |&. _2~ - . * C & S- LZaº!”“4”---- - * * º § ** * Tº º, ºs * Lºº. - \. - -- ~~~ w - - º - Zºº º Atmestone *Ca nnon Pt \ _--- `--- `-- *3 º º, ! º 1:5 - - - - - *- ~~ * ~ ~, º - - - - - T- º - T - - - * - \ - `s, º º º º º - º º sº * Gorye - -- - - --- F. D º } ` `-- --> º == / º s 2 : N stone F. - º leau. I - * *-sº - * - - Glacial strºop 7, IA --- º --~ 2% º *†: - / Chºzte - - | | | - - - * . º | - % ºf "hite whilep, ºs. º. y !/ - - l N - ºº: º ºº% ºpia's Rapid - -º-º-º: --- * - - ºr , akers D \: NOTE ,- Tº s—kº º - |- ** > º,” ºr Oze º Magnetire s - ſ N -->"Nº T----- - \ - 1129 //eſa/, / aſhor * // n ... ºº'ss in ºne pº *ºcated withmica º NS =º - r ~~ -- -- ety/ºf above sea ! / Isla - *ſº and at oth º " segregated massºs. º * & "-ºr- wº -* °, --~~~~ A / Inds -- - ºf the gnºss * * grains as a comº º N - * * & w? / w - w - ~~ - - Nº. º W - * \ ºl ºr 2 sº *~ \ º \ - - N - sº- *J -- A. - - ~~~~~ - - - - - º º T^ / ſ' º \ * T^- `s - hº - N / * ~ * / Nº. Z *--- - - - º,” . - - \ - - - N z - - I. --> e R - sº, 3. >= S Sº N. N z ~ \ Rºata. l º sº. $1s - / ** --> ºpt No *- º /~ w d #lands º: ºbrian rock > - ºv 2^ * ~ ! \ -- º, 2// Belch "ugdaloids. * capped bu º - ng Ne coast _º - º Tv ,” * ~~ ! \ --> * o º er Grºen fi and on tº --->|->". N --- N -- 56 w - w -- Isl d *grained trap º: -º- tº-e- ** - / ~~~ - * - 2- 27 - an s ~ - º - - - w ^ w ~~ - ,- - Z” Leer- Aº N º T- º - ~, / ^ - ----T-- | \ Shºe Fº ------ ~ - º -- N ſ - w >. - Žzozzº --- *-lºss Nº. * sº * *. \ , `--> *. /* - - - ºf Sºs 2\\ _ºo-ºººº….. - - \ º --~ - º N Nº - ºod -- rejeaz \ º 9t Z - º - º, Nº. - >{}^s QN - ºs, -- -Z - - kiy -* º w S. º º: --- - -- - Sºº- es. - / -*. *> --- º: 2. - - <&. 2. --- S. - s º s \ / Great Lo - Y º - º Nºvº *~5-5 ---, - - - *s--> - / - C- N. 27 Belche, sº º \'ºs-ºssº sº ºara. 15|Sºsº \ * Lake | Y y yº Ž Zºº & I º ºšº sº- 2, ºs - º - - W. * /* * . sland www. º º, º' ºffs - \ 2. ' Q\ } { | / ~/ & - --> Nº. Z. º º S - - z - - \ ^ º - % D. > \ 2 / N __” / / _^ º - *ś s 2–~) * / 2- / ! .” N Z sº - ºs º º ſ \ Z 2^ \ | 2^ *zzzz. *S. y - *- - º - 2 \ - Q º V - / --~ ` s Sºº - \ _^ / & S * / …” / \ ~ ***. 24. - 'N | & - ~ ~ N. / –7– 24 * 56° ` / 'N, Z 2^ Aſ - Lºy Azłe - `----- ----- -- _- N, / | ſ Z - Y- --|--~~~~ N, / \ º - Wºº- - \ º º 55° º _^ º \ §§ I º - - \ - s - º ^ - #ºnd ---- Bear is - º 3% * > Nk § | - Tº a ------ - --~~ - --- º- - aw- * 2 * , and ºss Zºº” a *a* Pºzº. N, | \ } º *\,\- I º º read "" = / | \ N –J - - -" - ~ * _ - - - WN * --→ *s \ ^ | - -> - ul --- º - *s - ^ SS s Ž. | *- \ N. -- 23 Dog I. " - | --> - - ſ Sºs -, * ~~~ º *s- / C | s - - 'o' S º º *- W TN \, Z S- --~. - - - - *- - - ---. -- ºs - Rºd, | ----- - - –4 _* \ \ Sº Yº sº. Sº Zºzº, ===" N ſ & S * " (Macºsau \{ - º S th º - --- - N _2 - * \ º L. º º - Nsº es -. º's Lº r" . 2 \ º'- ! { Su Sºs ". N º \ -> - ) rida. --~~ º - º -* \ y I. > * ~ Qºţº - ~ J.º" ſº *- º -N - º, ºss - º --- *zz Zaffle º `--> - - - _^ Y * , , sº * A'. Pºłº *s Lſ M 2 `s ~~ Aznogamix. * | V - Sº T -- - - - *s- - ybear Isl - s º ºzºz. . . `-----|- ~~ſ º \ // 2’ Lake _r s ºnal. - Sºº-ºººººº. - - \ rads s: º ºs ºś’”. Zºzº, | C - |-2 \ s ºs-Sº- \ \ | * -º- 55° º, s & sºlº & -º-º- \ SR". - - --~ * -º-º-º: - sº A. ſ * > sº - - -- d \ \ ſ s * º f : / ºsi- tºop” &iº. ===zº&acº `N >. sº --- vº º ºs º- Biº" - Nº. --~~~~ Laſſ. - - T --~. Esº- S. ... Rºsº - - - ----- - -º- - * `-- t ~ -º-º: I o 81° 80° 79° 78° 77° 76° 75° 74° 73° 72° 71° 70° 69° 68 ºozºº/en/ / / / / / /a/o/, // Acromyº /º/, or /r/, /t/ou, / A#, We, Par/ /, ſo/. 17//(Weir, Sorºs) - - - --- .. - Arawn /o/, //o/o-///a/r// / / / Yºneza/ // Sources of InfoRMATion. North West Sheet. Sources of INFormation. 587 GEOGRAPHICAL. Geological. Coast line from various Admiralty Charts excepting: MAP The geological indications include: (1) East coast of Hudson Bay between Portland Promontory and Great Whale River, from map by Dr. R. Bell, 1877-78. (1) Facts obtained during A. P. Low's expeditions of 1892, '93, '94, '95 and 96. — of — (2) Observations contained in previous reports of the Geological Survey as enumerated in the accompanying report (2) Coast and islands of James Bay from charts of Capts. Taylor and Bishop, of the H. B. Co's vessels, with corrections by A. P. Low, 1887. R A - (p. 19, L.), including work by J. Richardson, W. McCuat, R. Bell and F. D. Adams. Rivers of the southern watershed chiefly from surveys of the Department of Crown Lands, Quebec. Nottaway River from LAB D ()R PENIN SULA - (3) Observations of A. S. Packard on the coast between Belle Isle and Nain. survey by R. Bell, 1895, Rupert, East Main, Koksoak, Hamilton, Romaine and portions of the Big, Great Whale, Clearwater, Manicuagan and North-west rivers, from surveys by A. P. Low and D. I. V. Eaton. Rivers and lakes shown in dotted lines Natural Scale: Isaísºr are from sketch-maps of H. B. Co. The central interior from a map made by John Spencer and John Beads at Nichicum - (1842). The routes between the East Main and Nottaway rivers from a map compiled by Jas. Clouston (1824). Jeaſe. 23.22.7/ar to one ºnch. - a .5 ºz tº ea 2.5 º zº — __ R-E - =* 3. ºf ore 5873, § LABRADOR PENINSULA, North-West Sheet. M º, - -- º: Gº M. - E\º Amor. // º |29 Legend Cambro-ºw/urian Cambrian. Huronazºn. Zaarentian, including/indamenta/ Gººsses and Grenviſ/2.5eries, sometimes waſh limestones. Massive graniſte rocks Anorthosites Jamestone Glacial striae Aleight above sea 68° gº 65° 65° 64° 63° (brillumiral Sururuuſ (ſamābā GEORGE MDAwson, C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S &c, DIRECTOR 20 610 60° 59° - 58° 57° 56° 55° 54° 53° 61° \ RESOLUTION ISIAND Y- */Hatton Headland C. Best) 7. R A / / - Button Islands * *Labradºr Rt. Gray .5trait ºr " | 60° Bºº. - - ISLAND |/* Qº r - - Red nor- ende-grante-gneiss ºut. - - duº of diabase. S.-- ~ --- *. ſº --~~~~ Tunnusseksuk NS ! joksut | | Port Burwell 2 * \ ivian-aluk Jesjugakulluk * ſº 2.4kakº 4 Kºkiviak ... omanek ) - f yº 7% SPſkkiutit Is. * * go ** {{* jºbſ. Bache 2150 7 tº -- " º: loviak, ayº- N \ - k - - ul º Attamarsukº.gº angardluars Four Peaks. 5ooo-obobº, º Sagarutº Saeºlorsoak a 8 I. 22 N iPhotº W **_2 ſ, º 2. | C. Kerner tut º, Piksioſaksit Is y º 2. º Z - \ N*g Prº º .B.Co. º, º º ‘aſ Aſtºp aſzzº Bay - - \ \ p. 249. & Ramah "C § 3. - ºran.Mºsſº & * = \. - Mt Blow-me-dowº - tºe George River —on the lowe" art of te. Sº the º: all Laurenthan gneiss nd grante º º H.B.Co. | \ | \ \ >A. ſº * . / \ N \ zº * 3000 \ - º * ſº / \ & º | XS | N. -- & \ N from Nachwak to Cape loured dukes are see rºº immense cº- uglord and granit - cºtting the schisºs, g\e 58° 57° Not E-ºn the neighbour anoºnosite contain"9 or Paul Island. 56° 2- timenoktok \ iélson Rk º - º Il - A V. A B A ) | \ Nanº ºDºº SO - º k - Whitº *White akerchief º ºf Katºkº | - ºjºſa Razorback (3000) - Aylakº Kıkkertorsoak” -- \ ... " J \ -- F. ...+. º - - Naujatslsº ſy \ º' Toº Hurºnian schists occur JN . ekºkº C.Y - º - - L* N. º ºf Nacºvak Bºº. º -- 59°||—d rlik Is... *, C2 º \ º ºlº º º See Rºº. S. *g iluk /* pod of Tſº patcheh of precious albear 19180° oguaik (Cod t Sºlºtable him WS Prº - area of ere is a large ºº bradorite especialº Tºro thers ...Hen & Chickens . . /*- w Twºpangº”yº & Özº / wrºtarº - - all ists of propº eported abo Š 2’ § & Note—Greensº age are r ..Big ----- - | ºitigaiyavik Cape car." c) ºrangalorsiorº kkertaksoak º Bay gukshuakſº fivuk 10" 20 | | -- - - ak *ſ, * "Hebrº.º. - - Iterazz - ºforavraº - | \ / ship ska”. - - - fºllº - ºf \\ | Holton º ºxº~" . - doveº … .º. º ºr: (* N nº 63° 62° 61° 59° 589 57° 56° |- -o- º Cozy//ec/ / / / / /a/o/, //; Zºrawn for//o/o-///a/a/ / / 0.5eneca/ / / Sources of NFormation GEOGRAPHICAL Coast line from various Admiralty Charts excepting: - (1) East coast of Hudson Bay between Portland Promontory and Great Whale River, from map by Dr. R. Bell, 1877-78. (2) Coast and islands of James Bay from charts of Capts. Taylor and Bishop, of the H. B. Co's vessels, with corrections by A. P. Low, 1887. Rivers of the southern watershed chiefly from surveys of the Department of Crown Lands, Quebec. Nottaway River from survey by R. Bell, 1895, Rupert, East Main, Koksoak, Hamilton, Romaine and portions of the Big, Great Whale, Clearwater, Manicuagan and North-west rivers, from surveys by A. P. Low and D. I. V. Eaton. Rivers and lakes shown in dotted lines are from sketch-maps of H. B. Co. The central interior from a map made by John Spencer and John Beads at Nichicum (1842). The routes between the East Main and Nottaway rivers from a map compiled by Jas. Clouston (1824). North East Sheet MAP — of — LABRAD OR PENINSULA, Natural Scale: -ºns. Jeaſe, 35.2//w/ar to one track. º a ..? Aſ ºf ºa º º Sources of InfoRMATion GEological The geological indications include: (1) Facts obtained during A. P. Low's expeditions of 1892, '93, '94, '95 and '96. Accom/anizº, ſºyºor, ºr A /?/ou, / Apºc, Par/ /, ſo/, /////Weir. Series/ 588 (2) Observations contained in previous reports of the Geological Survey as enumerated in the accompanying report (p. 19, L.), including work by J. Richardson, W. McQuat, R. Bell and F. D. Adams. (3) Observations of A. S. Packard on the coast between Belle Isle and Nain. * .or 588 = } 2 tº LABRADOR PENINSULA, North-East Sheet. HIIII IWW II (INI). GEORGE M. DAWSON, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR. IM. A. E.'s A N N U A L R E PORT - - - (NEW SERIES) - * VTOLTUIMTE X 1897 *~ 560 THUNDER BAY AND RAINY RIVER DISTRICTs, ONTARIo– SEINE RIVER SHEET. . . 589 THUNDER BAY DISTRICT, ONTARIo—LAKE SHEBANDow AN SHEET. | 599 NIPISSING DISTRICT, ONTARIo, AND PontiAc Co., QUEBEC —LAKE TEMISCAMING SHEET. 606 NIPISSING DISTRICT, ONTARIO, AND PontiAc Co., QUEBEC —LAKE NIPISSING SIIEET. PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY. OTT AWA : PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER To THE QUEEN's Most Excell.BNT Majesty. 1899. L E G E N ID HURONIAN Keewatin (on//omeraſes, /runes/ones. w/ºr ash-rocks, dºorſes, grºwn schists and sloſes ſ/errºr/s, horn//en/e-schists and of her green scºsts .1//eºſ Znarºzzop/rºes, ſe/site - scºsts serſcite scºsts.ºwackes and so/?wer sales and schis's Coutchiching A B - Mea-sºrs/ and//ºne wrey, evenſ- ſaminated ºne'ss LAURENTIAN //w//en/e-grant/eſ/ness A º Złotºre-wazºe ºness - /*-ºranºe ºness”, and/ºrantze ſºo/awara/ 4oundaries 6/acaº strº and/ºrwoves .5/rząc // and/ strºke º: Perfºra/d/, //orºzontal strºſa (ſº 1////, /wa/ez: 122'as. Height above sea Zenº oſportages (PororPºrn in chains R. or Rap. Rapids # - - - - - - É *** -- "... - -- - N # - -". (bralumiral Sururuuſ (ºutaya ºr ſº - - I º'- - , Z. - Scal ch - º GEORGE M-DAWSON, CMG LLD, FRS8t, DIRECTOR 2 º, 2- : …ex º Cº- Porºlºr. -Laº --- lel 1. º wº SH Boſt ſ ºpºrº" … º - Nº 6 N. heet Jones A*.7//znace.9%eezy - ſ Por. 12. - - ºw. -- - - - - - - ,- - - ſ 92"|5. * po, a 2, Shebandowan Sta. - - ---------- --". | 15 º Porºſ). | | º | -- Leuch lake | Por 12, º º º - | JP5c. - - - - - - H 7 tº º º Sº | vº Sº ſ | - S Sº NSS ºl § - w ºt - º , , , air-ſº ºlndian Reserve - fºr a Sºulstºkºrº "º 2 ---- º --" "i". * - --~~ - º: ºporº, # -2' º s *- º, º - º * - - -- ºf ** - º - - - --- - L-2- º 3 -- ------- ..º. 49" º -- º --- º 2. - -- Jake West ºn º º --- - - - sº We º Por 2 _--" º- º - ~Tºrtle Porãº, Waſhin takeº - - - 3 ſº Aumbill Lak. … hº - --- --- 3. - : * / 2. Ž Kº, º Ah/7hryſe //e -- º º º 5. ju" ſº -- - - A. - º ſº Lake 2 = º % - 2. - # s au" A/ - --- - - º s ºpºrºzº - -- – § - § *: § _º * 3- yº ; º --- º: == S #E º º --- - º º-Fº - sº - º º - - -ºº-ºº: º º º - º - - - º --- N. - - ++1 This --~~~~ --- ºº:: Ł - º - * Hºº: - Bºº-ºº: 48's Eºs - - (' #ſº Bºº E--> º º -T --- º - -º-º: Lºrrº - - –––– - -- - - . Eºfºº 19. Z-S º 4845 -- serve- - / º/? º -- --- - \__ - k º - |- Hº- - -- ---- Mink Laked 2 - E- - - - - --- - - - - - - - * *º- | – tº sº - - - - or.29t. ( / ſ - zº "º - - º Eva Lake / 25A - º º 2 - tºº", º - - _- - / * º - / - Asland Jah ºr ºf º - -º- 65 tº ---T- ºt) rench porº, º 131, 2 Pºpe Lº 23 iſ - - º r - . ne & - ºs Pip e º, to º º º ... • - - - - - sº º º zºº º º - - - -º-º: * * Tº |- sºmerald Isidº -- ". ||| º ** jº. La --- /ſ, --a Lake - º - - - - -- *Loſ | "º Tasakokwog º * \ . * ex'ſ ºf - 2 Portºn-º - - - - H.H. ſº- *. - & ºvº - - - -- -- - Dore Lak *4 sº º - Note º drº Lºrine ****inºge 13°2-. º º Cº. !---. | º - *~. Lºº | _^ º - - | | —t- º ºf ('ache Lakº. (A - * -2 even A. º - - sº &vº B \ A. º ºl. M. B _--T - Nº. Antoine L.A.” Note 8 ~ Por. Note 4. Z. ſº - - *H, A. /º º: - B tº 4- - º º --- - =}|48}o ºap. -------- . . nºt - - -º -- … * lºſ ", , ... * , ººzzº - 430 – -xx % -2'". º º --º * * | º - . . ; º' Mº - ºf £3, 1–lº º- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ŽT ºn "1", e. Longitude West from Greenwich 91"30" QI"; 91" | 92"15 - 2, ..., , T: , T: , , , , , , , , º, T.T.T.T., ºr, ºr ..., , , , , , , , , , , . - - Tº... vozzº,…, wº..., - - - - - - - - - colonically surveyed by Wºh, smith and W. Minnes (ompiled and drawn by W.H.Smith and (0.5eneral from surveys by H.Z.9mith and (rown Lands Dept. (htario Jonny."Z/humºrs/w/m/, wher// Geologically surveyed by W.H. Smith and W. M. * Preſ/17LVCE' or 0NT, 1/f/0. Thunder Bavand Rainy River/Districts 56() (Seine River Sheet) ..) - Natural Scale isław Scale 4 miſes to one inch … º 10. 1: tuittirrit- - H- . --→ "Miles /*-awwºw.wawazºw.worrºw NOTE 1. The rocks about Steep Rock Lake, to which the name “Steep Rock series” has been given, are lithologically unlike those of the Keewatin series º; and rest unconformably upon the underlying rocks. They seem to have been originally laid down in a basin in the older rocks and to have been subsequently affected by great pressure, resulting in folding and faulting of a complicated kind. The curved form of the present lake-basin closely follows the main trend of the folding. The rocks of the series consist of various volcanic ejectamenta such as volcanic ashes or tuffs and agglomerates, with diorites, schists and associated thick beds of conglomerate and limestone. An iron-bearing horizon, with haematite of good quality, appears to be generally covered by the waters of the lake. NOTE 2. The principal rocks of this division of the Keewatin, are basic intrusives of the diorite type, with schists which have resulted from their crush- ing. Where a schistose structure has been devel- oped, its trend is parallel in every case to the longer diameter of the several belts. The diorites of the central belt are iron-bearing throughout their length, but notably along the Atikokan River, where occur large deposits of rich magne- tite very free from deleterious ingredients, particularly along the upper stretches of the river. The locations indicated along the belt between Steep Rock Lake and the western edge of the map are gold locations. NOTE 3. This area of the Keewatin and the other areas similarly coloured, consist of massive rocks of the quartz-porphyry type, with schists derived from them, together with graywackes and soft grey slates and schists. Some of the sericite-schists included in this division are not distinguishable in lithological character from those derived from the crushing of the hornblende-granites, but their associations have led to their being included here. The locations shown on these belts are gold locations. NOTE 4. This belt of the Keewatin is cut off to the south, a short distance beyond the limits of the present sheet, but extends continuously eastward through Moss Township and on beyond Shebandowan Lake and the Kaministiquia River. Where seen in the area of the present sheet, it consists in the main of rocks of the quartz-porphyry type and of schists derived from them, but includes areas of diorite and of hornblende-schist which have not been separately defined. On this belt, beyond the eastern boundary of the present sheet, are situated the Huronian Mine and adjacent gold locations. NOTE 5. These rocks consist of evenly-foliated, fine, #. biotite-gneisses, with an east-and-west trend. They are a continuation eastward of the series of Coutchiching gneisses described by Dr. Lawson in his report on Rainy Lake. It is often not possible to place with exactness the line between these gneisses and the Keewatin, for, though the É. character of the two is very distinct, a It along the contact between them exhibits inter- mediate characters. These rocks are not known to hold valuable minerals. NOTE 6. The hornblende-syenites, -granites and -gneisses included in this area are generally very much crushed and altered, sometimes so shattered by pressure as to present, under the microscope, a clastic structure, and in other cases forming a sericite-schist not differing in appearance from the schists of the quartz-porphyry group of the Keewatin. They hold, in reference to #. Kee- watin, the relation of intrusives. In these rocks, in contrast with the biotite-gneisses, are situated many of the gold properties of the district. The veins are often well defined fissures and many of them carry visible free gold, as well as gold in combination with various sulphides. NOTE 7. The gneisses throughout this area are generally well foliated and strike about east-and-west, with, however, many minor deviations from that general direction. They are biotite-gneisses, but hold some hornblende as the line of their contact with the hornblende-gneisses is approached. The line of contactis not sharply defined. There is generally an apparent gradual passage of one into the other, but in places, the biotite-gneisses seem to cut the hornblende-gneisses. No minerals of commercial value are known to occur in the main area of biotite-gneisses. NOTE 8. This great area of gneisses consists of inter- banded strata of fine, dark, biotite-gneiss, every- where well foliated, and coarse, white, pegmatite- like gneiss. The strike of these gneisses is generally nearly east-and-west, but they often occur in broad, i. undulations and are stratiform in appearance. The coarse gneiss frequently invades the finer as great pe matite masses and intruding bands. Along Cache and McKenzie lakes there are included with the biotite-gneisses, areas of hornblende-gneiss, which it has not been found possible to clearly separate on the small scale of the present map. This area is not known to contain valuable minerals. NOTE 9. The rocks about White Otter Lake are biotite- granites showing little or no foliation. To the west, beyond Pekagoning Lake, to the south beyond Clearwater Lake West, and to the east, as the waters of Little Turtle River are approach- ed, the granites gradually take on a gneissic structure until they become well foliated, banded biotite-gneisses, with a foliation approximatel parallel to the edge of the Keewatin belts whic they adjoin. No minerals of commercial impor- tance are known to occur in them. It has not always been found possible, owing to the wooded character of the country, to fix with exactitude the boundaries between the differ- ent formations. These boundaries, where they are at a distance from water-courses, must there- fore be considered as only approximate in position. $95NCE LIBRARY Q) E / 3 ST A 3 560 THUNDER BAY AND RAINY RIVER DISTRICTS, ONTARIO, Sezze A'zvez. Sheef. 15, Miles. -- i. - 3,4-0 cal Surucu of (ſamaha. - 0\l - GEORGE M.DAWSON.C.M.G.LL.D.F.R.S &c.DIRECTOR. 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Ë| Š Š§§ s J S Š š = |2 = È È| ~§ §*$ $ $= | Ş ş~ ~~§ § § § § € § 2 3 §§ Ēl ſå § § §§§ = š ŞS§ §$ $ $ $ $ ? ~$ S§ § §§§ → · § §'S§ § § § § § § § § § §S :S§§ §§ §È§ § § § $ $ $ $ $ $ § ~~ S•S！Š š Ž Š Š Š Š Š š Ş | . || ~< |||||| ~ |- --~ - |-|ſº.----ș§ （S） ~ § （4）+§2Š* *5----§.， science uPR* @ E / 35. * A 3 589 THUNDER BAY DISTRICT, ONTARIO, Alake Sheffandowan. Sheef. DESCRIPTIVE NOTES NOTE: 1-LAURENTIAN - - - - The Laurentian is composed of a series of massive or (5t alumiral Surutu of Gamaya schistose, and usually evenly foliated, crystalline rocks, the - latter being commonly referred to as “gneisses.” These gneisses are separable into two great sub-divisions, accord- ing to the prevalence of orthoclase or plagioclase as the GEORGE. M. DAWSON.C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S. DIRECTOR fespathic constituent, and are thus the foliated equivalents of the ordinary irruptive plutonic rocks belonging to the granite and diorite groups. The frequent passage, often 1897 within the space of a few feet, of the granite-gneiss into the Nº 138 diorite-gneiss and vice versa, renders it impossible to Sheet - * * * - separate them by any ordinary process of mapping, although sometimes large areas are characterized by the relatively greater or less abundance of rocks representing either the - granitic or dioritic types. The granite-gneiss is by far the - - - - most prevalent type and often passes by insensible grad- II º - 2-t\ | º Xºlillº º º º º ations into massive reddish granite in which little or no - -- |-- | || ". . º º º trace of foliation can be detected. HEN WOOD NOTE 2–HURONIAN The breccia or breccia-conglomerate which lies at the base of the Huronian of this district, is the rock previously referred to and described by Logan and Murray as “slate conglomerate” or “chloritic slate conglomerate.” It is composed of angular, sub-angular or rounded fragments of various plutonic rocks, of which a coarse red granite is by far the most abundantly represented. Diabases and oc- easionally diorites, of different varieties and degrees of texture, are also abundant, and are all characterized by Q. somewhat extensive alteration, although in the case of the diabases the original ophitic structure may still be observed. Fragments of a slaty, halleflinta-like rock and modified - | ` - - - pieces offelspar, quartz and other simple minerals, may also dºes º - - be seen. These are imbedded in a matrix composed of the º - same materials in a finer º of division, the many inter- - stices being filled by chlorite and sometimes sericite, and - - - - | - - --- |- ºn- - - º |- - - - - -- - º º/ º º º/ º - - º - - - - º - º/ - Z |\º º - - - º --~~ - º | -* |) | | | | | | w - | | | / Chiefsi. - - | | º | - - º - | | | | | | º - the abundance of these decomposition-products gives a pre- º vailing dark-green colour to the whole mass. This rock passes gradually upward into a greywacke or felspathic sandstone and slate, very similar in composition, but in which few if any fragments are apparent to the eye. - º º º - Although on this map-sheet a separation of the two rocks | | | º - º has been attempted, it must be distinctly understood that º | | º º/ no sharp line exists in reality, while the often almost | | | º º horizontal attitude of the strata and the unequal denudation |-|| | - to which the whole region has been subjected, renders the - - tracing out of such a line extremely difficult if not impos- sible, except in those cases where the breccia or greywacke occupies large and distinctly continuous areas. --- - - - - - The quartzite is made up chiefly of fragments of quartz H.W. 595.7 - . |A || || || - |- with some of felspar, all usually more or less rounded and - - - imbedded in a fine-grained matrix composed almost wholly L.W. 581. - of sericite. The rock is generally yellowish-green in colour Jºanne/ - - - owing to the abundance of the sericitic matrix, although Bay Nº. | sometimes brownish and occasionally, flesh-red, when it is - 1 º' - - | | with difficulty distinguishable from ordinary granite. This Brisseaml. | - rock occurs in massive, much jointed beds, the stratification E. ſ ºlº - - - - being at times only revealed by a parallel alignment of - º certain coarser or conglomeratic bands. It is sometimes - - - - - - fine-grained, but usually approaches the character of a grit or fine conglomerate and occasional bands are tolerably coarsely conglomeratic. | | | Legend g- º º Silurian º war. - | - Huronian - - - - \\!. - ºter 14 | owau, | º - - º/ | - | ºn 'º º NOTE 3-GRANITE, DLABASE AND GABBRO - - - |- - - | || - º - || The granite present in the area covered by this map- - - | | | || - || sheet, is a rock of rather uniform and somewhat coarse - - - - texture, composed essentially of orthoclase, quartz and biotite, the latter mineral being in most cases largely, if not entirely, altered to chlorite. Epidote and spheme are like- wise abundant and often visible coustituents. The granite in many places seems to passinto a gabbro or diabase, as all three are present in the same mass, frequently without any sharp line of division between them. Usually the basic por- | tions of such masses have a distinctly diabasic or ophitic | - - - - - - - structure, although the more coarsely crystalline portions | > -- |- . - - - have the holocrystalline or granitoid structure characteris- - - - - - - - - - - tic of gabbro. Plagioclase and augite are, as usual, the prevailing constituents, the latter mineral being in most cases almost, if not entirely, altered to hornblende. Biotite and quartz are usually abundant and most of the latter is evidently an original constituent. In the vicinity of Baie des Peres, a considerable area, on both sides of Lake Temis- caming, is composed of flesh-red biotite-granite, which evidently represents the undisturbed, original granite floor from which the Huronian clastics were derived, and upon which they were deposited. A careful study of the line of junction, both in the field and as represented by thin sections under the microscope, reveals a gradual passage from undisturbed granite upwards into an arkose resulting from its degradation. The granite is frequently very intimately associated with, and passes into, its schistose or gneissic equivalent, so that both are given the same colouration on the map, the granite being distinguished by irregular red bars or Hashes while the gneisses have a barring or striping corresponding with the direction of the foliation. º Greywacke and State | Breccia, | ("state conglomerate" of Loganº). Laurentian | Lake - ºccer ºut | | | - - - - - | - * / - - - - I II I III º - | - - | sº - º - - - - º: - | < || | --- º Diorite-gneiss and granite-gneiss - - - - - º º - - ºn Granate º Diabase and Gabbro Geological boundaries | ſº | | | - º - % Glacial striae and grooves assº º º ºº º º : º º ECONOMIC NOTES The large masses of diabase and gabbro so frequently exposed, are essentially identical in structure and compo- sition to similar masses found in the Sudbury Mining | District, with which they are practically continuous. It is | with such masses that the nickel and copper-bearing | | | --- - - - º - - - - sulphides are associated in the neighbourhood of Sudbury, º | | ` º - - - * Hºº - - - i. º - so that it is highly probable that careful prospecting will | | Lº- - --- - Y - -ºss º - 'º - - - reveal workable deposits of similar ores, which should | | . - - - - -º-, -------- * \ 1 \º - - be found situated, chiefly, at or near the lines of Junction | | - º zºº - - - - - * - - - - with the neighbouring clastic rocks. Indeed, two large | | | º - A - - - - º - º Tº - 7 deposits have already been found on the south side of Ver- | * - º | º | | | | - yº º, - / Strike - * Dip and strike - - | º - º - X. -Cº- º Lº - - milion Lake, to the north of the North-east Arm of Tema- | --~~~~ - - - - - - y__ - - gami Lake, and also on the east side of Temagami Island, but the percentage of nickel present in these sulphides is not so large as in the case of the Sudbury minerals. In the Sudbury District many irregular fissures, doubtless caused by the irruption of the plutonic masses, especially the diabase and gabbro, and which have been filled with quartzand other secondary material during the progress of these intrusions, contain gold and silver. In the Lake Wahnapita gold district, which adjoins this region imme- diately to the southwest, precisely analogous veins contain gold, associated with such sulphides, and are being profitably worked at the present time, so that there seems no reason why similar productive veins may not be found in the --- - - )*, - *** > - - - Temagami and Temiscaming districts. Iron has been - - - Jº º: - º º - noticed in several places, as on the west shore of Keepawa. | - - - ź Vortical dº + Jorizontal strata º - - - - - Lº -º- -- | 1210 Elevazzon above sea º - | - - ººzºº. A - - | | - -- - | | - Por, or P Portages Rap, or R. Rapids - - - - - |- | —-—-— Interprovincial Boundary Cº-T (º - . . - º . º | | * | | º - - - - Lake, the west end of Turtle Lake near Temagami and on ----- - - the “Quinze º River, on the tenth portage above Lake - - - - Temiscaming, but so far the quantity observed would not º constitute workable deposits. - - - - - --- - - . - Both muscovite and biotite are among the commonest con- - º - º - - - - tºgeº- - - - - stituents of the various Laurentian granites and gneisses, - sº - - º 4. - - - - - but although thus widely distributed, their presence in this 2 º'c. - - - ºf " . - ºf - - --- association is not of economic importance. The numerous, * - - - - - - - - and often, large pegmatites which cut these Laurentian rocks give promise in places of affording a supply of mica (mus- covite) in sheets sufficiently large to be of value. - - The better qualities of slaty argillite do not occur exten- - - - | Z - º ºn ºf ſº \º. º º -- - -------- sively in this region, but some portions of the strata consti- º º º, - º - º º - J Y & - - - tuting the Slate or middle member of the Huronian, present ºf º- tº lºº - - - ... ." - - . - - very fine-grained and fissile beds which are firm and strong, - - - - -- º - - although most of the specimens seen, are rather thick for 1. tº º - - - - roofing purposes. ºº: || || - --- -- - - - - - - - on the east side of Lake Tºmiscaming between McMar: *** * * - - - - - - tin’s Point and Latour's Mills, the shore-line for several miles is formed by vertical cliffs of very evenly banded or - foliated micaceous gneiss. The layers are extremely regular, º - - - - fissile and of suitable thickness, and would yield flagstones º º º'- yº- º - - --- of the very best quality and of almost any size. Some of º -ºo- ºr - - - - - the fine-grained beds present in the Niagara outlier on ... º ºº - ſº - - - - - Lake Temiscaming, especially, on Mann Island and Daw- % - ºf - - - son (Wabi) Point, exhibit portions which may be useful for º, lithographic purposes. This outlier will also furnish an º º - - - unfailing supply of the very best building stone in blocks of º - º - - - ºr large size, while its even texture, as well as its colour, - - - - - - recommend it strongly for such purposes. For making quicklime the more thinly bedded fossiliferous portions seem to be the most suitable as furnishing the best and --- _ - - º - - - - - - - - - - º - - - - - - - - - - - \\ – - -- - * - - - |- - - - - - - - º, ºr irº - - - - - - º: lime with º expenditure of fuel. f - - - - - *º-ºººº tº Acco - M. V. erºes) elspar, suitable for pottery purposes, is often present in J. Whize, Chief Draughtsman. Joºn.º.º.eez. Wºfºº ºp 9. g Port I, Vol. ZX (Wew Series) considºº." "... oº ºth. C.O. Seneca/, Drazyhtsman, Geologically surveyed by A. E. Barlow MA. º: º º º . - PROVINCES or OMTARIO Awd QUEBEC arge deposit of shell mari was noticed covering the - - - - - - - greater portion of the bottom of Emerald Lake, about five SOURC. Es of INFORMATION Nipissing District ont, and Pontiac County Que. 599 º west º: the º Narrows. º would be of - - value as a fertilizer for any farming land in the region Surveys by A.E. Barlow 1892-94 (Lake Temiscaming Sheet) adjacent. y º gi Plans of surveys by Crown ſands Depts. Ontario and Quebec 1. Clay suitable for the manufacture of bricks is everywhere ºys by Ø. Natural Scale 255440 º present, forming a thick covering or mantle and - - extending over a very large area in the northern part of Sca/e 4 miles to one inch - Lake Temiscaming, from the vicinity of the mouth of the 1. o 5. 10 15 Miles Montreal River northwards far beyond the confines of the Hurturri- - - __ - present map-sheet. | # SEC7/O/W 0/V LMAWATA - B Aſorºzonza/ Sca/e 4 miles to one ºnch, Vertical Scale 2000 Fºº to one inch, Seccº, * @ E % / 3 6. / * * 494 /~~~~ *** * ./ 3 4 - || 4 - 3 & 599 NIPIssinc District, on TARio, AND PONTIAC CO., QUEBEC. Make Zemiscamzºg. Sheef Legend Huronian Breccia Laurentian º J)iorite -ºne's and n - - -- granite gneis -- - º º - Granite º º Tº Dº Gabbro and Diabase / Glacial striae and grooves / sº. % Dip and strike 7 ºn dip + Horizontal strata 1210'Elevation above sea Por or P Portages Rap.or R. Rapids - – - – Interprovincial Boundary Note: Red arrows denote position of small outliers of Cambro Silurian (“state conglomerate"of Logan) (6tulugital suturu of Canada S - S º, s N GEORGE M-DAWSON.C., M.G., L.L.D., F.R.S.D [RECTOR º, *- § S. 1897 -, *. Sº S - *. - Sheet - s S. - - - - - - ºrs sheet A" ºf - - *. Nº. 131. º TV. - º * s $ S º > |-- º 3. º/ º: 4% º/ +: - - - - - - º - - - - - - - - - º - º - - º º ººika” Depot - Aſºº º º! - º, ſº ſº, º º º - old winter Tººl - ** - - - a wises Lºw.876.75 - º - N H.w.. sºar. - º - VI-wºº, - - º º - - --- v - - - º - - - - - - - - - - º º - - º º - - - º º - º ºº - - - -º - - º | - º º - º - - - -ºš - Hindia tº R ess estºvie -º-º: º Meadowside 66- c A N A D F A N North B *. *Burº I. -- - $ GreatManitouſ. - W M A-> A AS S. / 3. [Newman.T. ºr nº H.W. 649.5 AV G. c - L.W.642.2" - - º: * Goose lands Lakº 79° 80°15. Longitude West of Greenwich. 79°30' 79°15' Compiled and drawn ºv Scott Barlow, assisted by L.M. Richard and C0 Seneca/ ./ozas 5/teer.1°/*/ - ------------- PROVINCES or OWTARIO AND QUEBEC Mipissing District Ont. and Pontiac County, Que. (Lake Nipissing Sheet Natural Scale ăsăză Scale 4 miles to one inch 1. o º lo 15 Miles Hºrtririrri º Accompanying Part 1, Vol. IX (Mewseries/ Geologica/ſy surveyed by 4A. Barłow, MA. source:S OF INFORMATION 606 Surveys by AA. Barłow, 1892-94 Plans of surveys by Gown Lands Depts. Ontario and Quebec Surveys by Canadian Pacific Railway DESCRIPTIVE NOTES - NOTE: 1-LAURENTIAN The Laurentian is composed of a series of massive or schistose, and usually evenly foliated, cºllinº rocks, the latter being commonly referred to as “gneisses.” These gneisses are separable into two great sub-divisions, accord- ing to the prevalence of orthoclase or plagioclase as the felspathic constituent, and are thus the foliated equivalents of the ordinary irruptive plutonic rocks belonging to the granite and diorite groups. The frequent passage, often within the space of a few feet, of the granite-gneiss into the diorite-gneiss and vice versa, renders it impossible to separate them by any ordinary process of mapping, although sometimes large areas are characterized by the relatively greater or less abundance of rocks representing either the granitic or dioritic types. The granite-gneiss is by far the most prevalent type and often passes by insensible grad- ations into massive reddish granite in which little or no trace of foliation can be detected. NOTE 2–HURONIAN The breccia or breccia-conglomerate which lies at the base of the Huronian of this district, is the rock previously referred to and described by Logan and Murray as “slate conglomerate” or “chloritic slate conglomerate ** It is composed of angular, sub-angular or rounded fragments of various plutonic rocks, of which a coarse red granite is by far the most abundantly represented. Diabases and oc- casionally diorites, of different varieties and degrees of texture, are also abundant, and are all characterized by somewhat extensive alteration, although in the case of the diabases the original ophitic structure may still be observed. Fragments of a slaty, halleflinta-like rock and modified pieces offelspar, quartz and other simpleminerals, may also be seen. These are imbedded in a matrix composed of the same materials in a finer state of division, the many inter- stices being filled by chlorite and sometimes sericite, and the abundance of these decomposition-products gives a pre- vailing dark-green colour to the whole mass. This rock passes gradually upward into a greywacke or felspathic sandstone and slate, very similar in composition, but in which few if any fragments are apparent to the eye. Although on this map-sheet a separation of the two rocks has been attempted, it must be distinctly understood that no sharp line exists in reality, while the often almost horizontal attitude of the strata and the unequal denudation to which the whole region has been subjected, renders the tracing out of such a line extremely difficult if not impos- sible, except in those cases where the breccia or greywacke occupies large and distinctly continuous areas. NOTE 3–DIABASE AND GABBRO The masses of diabase or gabbro which are associated with the slates and greywackes in the north-western part of the sheet, have usually a distinctly ophitic structure, al- though the more coarsely crystalline portions have the distinguishing granitoid structure of gabbro. Plagioclase and augite are, as usual, the prevailing constituents, the latter mineral being usually almost, if not entirely, altered to hornblende. Biotite and quartz are usually abundant and much of the latter is evidently an original constituent. The mass of diabase which breaks through the gneissic rocks in the vicinity of Fanny, McDiarmid and Breadal- bane Lakes, is of a dark, almost black, colour, showi indistinct foliation in a direction corresponding with that of the enclosing gneissic rocks. It is composed of plagioclase and augite, both of which are rather fresh but the augite individuals are always surrounded by a very uniform border ºil reaction rim of felted or matted scales and fibres of orite. ECONOMIC NOTES Gold and silver may be present in paying quantities in the numerous quartz veins which fill the fissures in the slaty rocks in the vicinity of the plutonic masses, especially the diabase and gabbro. Muscovite is the usual ferro-magnesian constituent of the pegmatite dykes, which so frequently cut the Laurentian gneisses and granites, and certain occurrences, especially in the township of Calvin, give promise of yielding mica which may be economically valuable. Felspar, often in large and pure masses suitable for pottery purposes, may be found at intervals, along the line of the Canadian Pacific Railway, near the Ottawa River and in other readily acces- sible localities. Apatite and molybdenite have been found, but only in small quantities. Clay suitable for the manufacture of bricks and common pottery, may be obtained, underlying the sand, from North Bay to Sturgeon Falls, and is also exposed at the surface in the valley of the Veuve River. N E A U. SCIENCE LIBRARY @E y 3 6. . A 3 606 NIPISSINC DISTRICT, ONTARIO, AND PONTIAC CO. QUEBEC, Maće AVºžissing Sheet. Q science Y LIBRARY * b. % : : * *. * ſ : ; j G|I|| ||RVEY OF CANADA "GEORGE M. DAWSON, C.M.G., LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR. IN/I_AL TE' S A N N U A L R E PORT (New SERIES) VOLUME XI 1898 - 664. MANITOBA, SASKATCHEwAN AND KEEwATIN–LAKE WINNI- PEG SHEET.—PARTs F. AND G. 665. Province of QUEBEC-THREE RIVERs SHEET-(EASTERN - Townships MAP), + PART J. . RouTE FROM EDMONTON TO TRTE-JAUNE CACHE-PART D. PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY. | OTTAWA . . Panted By S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER To THE QUEEN's Most Exorill,ENT MAJESTY. 1900. - * 676. BRITISH ColumBIA AND ALBERTA, YELLow HEAD PAss • illu º tufdan tl - - 1899 ful Suru GEORGE M.DAWSON.C.M.G.LL.D.F.R.S. DIRECTOR - ºl ruluſ D (ſ; º+ – ! ±•ğ - …ae ºrº|- | lae•ğ | ： - lae ºcu - |# u ſae-5 ---- |（~~~~ ~~~~ _ |- ---- -- •*. 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C. F. # 664 * * MANITOBA, SASKATCHEWAN AND KEEWATIN (Lake Winnipeg Sheet.) # IReference:–Parts F. and G., Vol. XI (New Series), 1898. Silurian Medºra. Cambro-Silurian Hudson Aºver. f/orrºne) Eastofthe S'Lawrence & Champlain Fault A/ac/ graptolºzze ºares 7/wwon and//º/acº ſºver - and/ ſºmewtones º (hazy (w/cºfºrows Aºteaſam sana/ºtone Cambrian cº- Archaean *://ery water, sandstones and/ cong/omerates Gºv.&tazºne Zirnestone Grzezºw array Gronize Anorthowrre º Grantze º º Strºke and /º/, Aº’s 6/acºa/ Strºze Aron /n/hºorna/ Karth º J/rea Quarries + Mºneyw/ /?rºnze (ſitulumiral Sururu aféanaia GEORGE M.DAWSON.C.M.G.,LL.D.F.R.S., DIRECTOR 1899 Eastern Townships Map - - - N.W. Sheet - - | . - C - , - - - 15 74° 45 30 I5' 73 45 30 15 - | - I w - - NT p -- V * --- - - - *~ O L | E. º --- L.Péuetier º º º º - * - --- - - - º I. - - - - - - - Sleiah L. * -- **** - - -- N, Clear L. *age L. Dickey º 2-Yi.e. -> N. *. ,” º - - L.S. -- º, L. Traverw - N L. 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Z º - - - --~~~ - - - - w .” Kºe - - - º Nº. 1. ºwnpina A. Note º - ~ - N. º I º 2\º Fall Pºº- L. Marchand,0- - *. "...au Sorcier, º - - º 1. Bover * - Por: al-L ºr *-*. Sir rafts zº ^ º L. Corbeau. Librodeº Bºyer º --- º - alº sºº' -º- - zººlona is - º --- * - - 22* - L., a la Loui Dam. p. Fº ". º 2’ *~ L. garnier ſhor 2^ º * - 2. L.au. - - - ---- fºur- a- - - 10am Zºosſ 2^- ºx s/ - … ** - * F. - | - Nº ºn- 1...dela ºrity: - ºrer" Por: Dawn” tº - ,” - X: ,” -- * 2% N. L. Rondº, - - - Theaver L. 27 Raº | - ,” 5. "...º K" 1. Shawenegan & 0. ** *. º - ... Yº - º * L. }. Portage 1. ,” 2^{* * -- & ºx º - z | no' º - - .* * 4. - º - 2^ º 1. dºes - *- *s, - rºad. P. - - º -*-- - - ºn: las | L. E.8artant | * "...” ,”, X&º 2^ ** 7. º º, * º */ - - ** .." (f * ºt.…, º º > L. i. º E^ A - - - ºutre --> - 2. - º ** - - s - - º - - *sº 2 º' ºſ- - 3-Sºſſº & fºr \, . ºr - a. º, wº º *) for: * Y- º º - - N *. - Clear. L. A ºr ºf sº 1,2% tº º - º *. - - 1...sº.Jacques L. Plour" -- ,” ºr: * Truite - - N - - - º 2^. * ~ Pond Big Caribou 2^ 2." C Pſ - - - - - - - - y \ *- .* *( ,” - trous - 1...sº Pierre *s &”. Por: ſpias º º - - - sº º Lake N Grand Lance º *: (boº. sº - º º *- -º- º Lºcºsº º º º º: Sººn, R - - º - * - NL.s: An Vº L. au. - º - º - Nº. - A. ºw Large ouche L.S.5Anselme : -ºr- … - - - º - - ---- - sº º 22. - º M. - - ºr * - º *~. - º ºs - sºx - --~~~ … - - º - - -: - Nº . - º - - - - - º Pº --- - º º - - º Cºx “ , ”S - so 2^** º yº - - - *Wºrcºrestaº, w - - - ºš. - º º - - º & º X = - º º nº - º º º, 4 º' ^2 x *~~~. Tº - - - Nº. º: º - º - º º Mr. º A: - _% - 2. -- - - - - º º " … - Lººp. * ~ * ºl. - sº - - N. - - - º - - - - — º * Y- - ... en Croir *. - º - 225. Rap. Por: - - & º º - * º "º L. Cre. - w - & - - - - - ºº:: º Crepeau. - Fº & __ *x L. Monro I ſº º §: º º- - º º - L ºfºſſes - goaº --> sº º - w º S_º * - - - S. - º .. - º - C. * ** L. Jobin Barre - - -- º - zº 2. . - * L. vº º - - - - - -- /.../hard - " …” º º all : Shoal / / - - * …" _r º º -*. - £º - -/- - - - | - º: | - - ºlºr. . - - - - tº -> º .. º º sº … - º - - º nºtewºº - - - - - - ºr. - - - - - º: - ºn ºn tº º - Zºº º *. - º --~~~~ - 2. - delaine - º, N. º - - * * * *º-Nººr. - - - e-º" de lººſag - *"… "… Mande. a - º - N - *- - - - |- - - - º, - - - 2. Nº. - Fº ºs º - Z º º ºx-ºº-ºº- 2. - --- - º - º ºz. Nº. º º sº º - - - - Nº. - - --~~~~~~ -- - --- SS - - zº - - º: º º - º | __ - - RIV --- - º N - ſº ºº - X º ſº º, - º - º - - yº -1. º º' . sº * 2. º ºf - - - - - -º-º: -- - *. - S. * . -º-, º ºº º º - º - Pot-tºot. - º, ºr --- - *** * - -- | rt sº . º "… - º ºn- º - º º º, -> -* - Nº. --- - - -* ºf A. R. G. D - - - - - - - * Nº || - Y - º - ** - º . - Eº - - - - - - - .N.Y.B. A. 2-3- N \ ^{\º , *Qº- - º º ºf . Nº. X E. Lº º: º-º-º: - -º- º- –sº, º - - - - ~ - - - - - & - - - *. º º -- Laº-ºn- º ºl- - º -- . Nº-> - º * - Tide Ends º twº - º- º º º --------- - º - º º: - wn º º 4.1. (). - X. º º Lº Wesser N. º º - - - - - - - - * *- - - - Nº. - -- - - --~~~~ - - - - - - º - º - & N - ºw - º - º - - | - -- Nº. N ºxº~& \s º º º 2^ - - - in a a R e s - a v. e. - - º º, º º º le pa. 4, L'Tººl 1. º - Nºvºsºvo, ºr E. º - - --- -- º Longitude West from Greenwich 30" Compiled and drawn by J. White and c.6. Senecaz, from Aastern Zownships May 1868 and from later surveys &y Geolºgica/ .survey and Crown Zand's Jew.’ Quebec. 1. o . l ------------ Tononto --TH co-Raph- No co. Ltd. ///01/WZZOA (2///// Three Rivers Sheel, //////, /ö/ø/29//// Nat. Scale - 253.44 o _ _ 10. - l in Statute Miles —- - Accomparty,’” Aart ºf Poſ. A7. CVew series/. Geo/º//v wºrrºwed Ay ºr M.A. Zozazz. A.M. º.º. ººz Awarns, and other memberw of the Geo/ºco/ ºrvº warf: 665 NOTE. I. Throughout much of the district covered by this map great deposits of sand and clay occur. The former overlies the clay in the St. Lawrence River area, and these deposits conceal almost entirely the line of contact between the Palaeozoic form- ations and the crystalline rocks, so that this line of division is at most points largely conjectural. Glacial striae are seen at a number of places and have been indicated on the map. The course of these is usually a few degrees east or west of south. The deposits of sand extend apparently to the height-of-land, beyond the limits of the map- sheet, and boulders of gneiss, often of large size, are scattered over the surface in this direction. NOTE 2. The areas of Silurian, outlined in the south-east corner of the map-sheet, consist of reddish sandy shales and sandstone. No fossils have been found in these rocks, but they apparently rest conformably upon the greyish shales of the Lorraine formation. and have, in consequence, been referred to the horizon of the Medina. The country east of the St. Lawrence in this direction is largely drift-covered. Rock sections are seen along several streams, but the outlines of the Medina outliers in general de- pend upon the peculiarred colour given to the soil by the de- composition of the reddish rocks of that formation. NOTE 3. The Lorraine (formerly the Hudson River) formation consists largely of greyish sandy shales and flags with occasional thin bands of dolomitic limestone. In places, as along the Becan- courand the Nicolet rivers, the strata are well exposed and contain fossils in abundance. The formation near the St. Law- rence River lies in a nearly horizontal attitude, but in the southern portion is affected by several faults and foldsby which the strata are inclined at an angle of nearly ninety degrees. The breadth of the formation east of the St. Lawrence is not far from 16 miles, and north of that river it constitutes a some- what narrow strip that extends east as far as Ste. Anne dela Perade, having a breadth near Three Rivers, where it rests on the Utica, of from four to six miles. NOTE 4. The Utica formation, while probably continuous north of the St. Lawrence, underlying the Lorraine shales, is rarely exposed. It appears on the sheet adjacent to the south and also on that to the east, but in this area the characteristic Utica shales have been noticed at one point only, viz., on the St. Maurice River, about seven miles from the mouth, near the old St. Maurice forges. The area occupied by the rocks of this forma- tion is all covered by sands and clays. NOTE 5. The rocks of the Trenton formation are exposed at a number of points in the area north of the St. Lawrence, and several important quarries for building stone are here worked in the limestone. From these localities large collections of fossils have been made, the lists of which will be found in the accom- panying report on this district. The outcrops are at somewhat widely separated points, the most numerous being at Joliette, and between that town and the Maskinonge River. The prin- cipal points from which the fossils are obtained, and where quarries are located, are at Ste. Ursule, St. Justin, St. Barthe- lémi, St. Cuthbert, the Chaloupe River and at Joliette. East of the St. Maurice River the rocks of this formation are seen at Radnor Forges, and near St. Casimir on the extreme eastern limit of the map-sheet, the extension of the formation being elsewhere concealed by clay and sand. NotE 6. On the south side of the St. Lawrence River, the Utica forma- tion has not yet been recognized inthis area. The Lorraine shales are in direct contact with certain black slates and limestones which are apparently the northern extension of the similar rocks seen to the south in the vicinity of Farnham (Montreal sheet). They belong, in so far as can now be determined, to the horizon of the lower Trenton, thoughin their fossils certain forms appear which are not found in the typical Trenton or Black River limestones. The contacts between the rocks of this series and the Lorraine shales on the one hand, and with those of the Sillery formation on the other, are marked by lines of fault. NOTE 7. The Chazy, the Calciferous, and the Potsdam sandstone have their widest development near Joliette, on L'Assomption River. Thence eastward the breadth decreases till they are overlapped or concealed by the Trenton limestone to the north-west of Radnor Forges, where the latterformation rests on the crystal- line rocks and maintains this position as far east as Quebeccity. The Chazy beds are exposed near Joliette town, and for a short distance along the river above that place, but are not definitely recognized to the east of this point. The Calciferous limestonehasabreadthalong L'Assomption River, at this place, of about four miles and passes down into the Potsdam sand- stone, which rests on the gneiss with a breadth of about a mile and a half, the lowest beds being a conglomerate. The several formations lie in a nearly horizontal attitude, but at Joliette some of the strata are tilted as if through the agency of faults. On the St. Maurice River, the Potsdam and Calciferous are both exposed, the contact of the latter with the gneiss being about four miles and a half below the Shawenegan Falls. The breadth of the three formations at this place is not more than a couple of miles. A few fossils were seen in the Calciferous along L'Assomption River, but no collections were made. The contact between the Palaeozoic formations and crystal- line gneiss and granite is rarely seen, being for the most part concealed by heavy deposits of sand or clay. It has, however, been noted at several points, notably on the St. Maurice and L'Assomption rivers where the channels are cut down to the underlying strata. NOTE 8. In the south-eastern part of the area, a portion of the Sillery formation is represented. The rocks here exposed along the Becancour River and at points to the south, consist of red, grey andgreenslates with areas of greenish-grey sandstone. They are part of the Sillery extending from Point Lewis on the one hand to near Farnham on the other, and they probably represent some portion of the Cambrian system. Fossils are very rarely found in these rocks and none were obtained from the rocks of the Becancour section. The Sillery is here in contact with the lower Trenton rocks along a line of fault. NOTE 9. The great area of gneiss and granite with quartzite and small outcrops of crystalline limestone, belongs to what is known as the Grenville Series, but the large masses of limestone found in association with the same series north of the Ottawa river are here wanting, having apparently been removed by denudation. These rocks extend northward beyond the limits of the sheet, and at the heads of the Mattawin and Manuan rivers there are large masses of grey quartzite associated with the greyish and black garmetiferous gneiss. The fundamental gneiss rarely ap- pears, but masses of anorthosite and granite penetrate the grey gneiss at many points and occasionally form large areas. Over much of the country occupied by the crystalline rocks on either side of the Mattawin River, the gneiss is in low undu- lations, often with dips ranging from five to twenty idegrees, shallow synclines being well defined. East of the St. Maurice, the inclination of the strata is much greater. The crystalline limestones are in the form of narrow bands, which are exposed at intervals but cannot be traced continuously to any consid- erable distance. They are associated frequently with bands of rusty gneiss like those found north of the Ottawa river, and, like the limestones of that area, they sometimes occur in a syncline; while at times the strata are so disturbed that the exact relations are difficult to determine. NOTE Io. The characterspeculiar to the areas of anorthosite and grani- ite have been already stated in the notes on the map adjacent to the south (Montreal sheet). It may here besaid merely that these rocks penetrate the limestones and gneisses of the Gren- ville Series and are more recent in age. The principal area of the former is situated in the south-west corner of the map, but a number of less important ones are scattered at intervals throughout the area west of the St. Maurice, south of the Mat- tawin river. These are generally of small extent. Sometimes the anorthosite is foliated, especially along the outer margin of the mass, but it is generally a massive rock. The principal granite area outlined is that in the counties of Maskinonge and Berthier. The rock is generally reddish in colour and it forms a somewhat rough tract of country. The central portion of this granite area is often coarsely granular and massive, but a well defined foliation is visible at many points. The western part of this mass, extending through the townships of Brandon and Peterborough, consists of a finer- grained variety, but this also is frequently foliated, though it is distinguishable by its physical characters from the great area of gneiss of various kinds, which is the predominating rock of the region. ..of > % * º * © F > * 665 %, 5 PROVINCE OF QUEBEC (Three Rivers Sheet.) (EASTERN TOWNSHIPS MAP.) Reference:-Part J, Vol. XI (New Series), 1898. (5talumiral Sururu aféanaia GEORGE M.DAWSON, C.M.G.,LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR 1900 - - 119% of Ilº I18% of 118° 11730. - 117° 116°30' IIG” 115so Il: - - - - - - - - - --- | Sº…Q. Tº. T - C * ... * - sº ! º - º - Tº / * { ! | º - Lºrfe % * > -----|-- - ------- GEO-O-GlcA-- NOTES is ſº , º º - N N. º, PASKAPOO BEDS, UPPER LARAME \ º * , ------- These beds consist ºf light-grew or wellowish, brownish-weathering sandstones, usually ºntº-bedded. \ º-> N- - - EDMONTON BEDS, LOWER LARAME * >~~/ \ * \ These are composed chieſºu of grew to wellowish sºft claueu sandstones, frequently false-bedded and River – TT *22. 2. - w Co- $EAM. º unequally hardened. With these are associated some coarser brownish-weathering sandstones, brown sandy **. * - º eſc º Fº - shares, carbonaceous shºes, light-arºu ºu and seams of coal. At the toº ºf this formation in some places are - - *~£2&tiº-ºº: - * B E. D 5 º- DEVONO-CARBONFEROUS S --- § 2^ s 7- Q.N. i_^ - The ºper part ºf this wrown consists ºf ºne-grained tº wish-weathering, grew ºnestone, ºutsh rather 2^ S. ** ºS ony Pign Ǻg” Lake crustalline limestone, siliceous shares and quartzites, with at least one band ºf black carbonaceous shale. The * Q. - -- - | 2 ſ” sº lower part is composed ºf alternating beds ºf fine-grained bluish and grey limestone and brown rather - Tºº * - - - 27 | T - ºrustwºline dolomite. These limestones are more or less sºliceous throughout and have numerous cherry bands. ~1..* - - / Below these the lowest beds seen in the grown are chºu awartzites and dolomitic quartzites. 2 * c.1 ºp >º-º-º-º-yº" - - * -- -- - CASTLE MT. GROUP, UPPER CAMERIAN * \ old white *- : The roºks of this group are grew quartzites with statu lauers between the beds, some black states, banded * * ſº 'Mud Fort - grew and wellowish serºtic schist holding ºustals of iron-purites, lead-grew wrºtea serieite-senist, dark-blue | * - - * º - timestone and cream-oloured crustºne timestone. Quartz veins carrying iron-purites and galena are nº- merous. The rocks here classed under the Castle Mountain Group may include some beas newer than the E. A s \ A P Jaſo B E D 5 Z ºrian, but nºt distinctly separable fºom it. BOW RIVER SERIES, LOWER CAMBRIAN Z This series is characterized by pinkish and greenish quarte-conglomerate. There is always more or less Z - - development ºf serieite, and in most cases the rock is squeezed to a schistose-conglomerate sometimes the 2^ coºl S. E. A M alteration is so complete as to produce a micrº-schist. Accompanying these is about an equal thickness of black --" - - - O. Feet arwinite streams cutting these rocks are found to wield place-gola. ------- M. - SHUSWAP SERIES, ARCHAEAN U P P E R A R A M E. crº i. Course, writtering ºntº-schist tº the predominating rock in this series. It frequently is very highly - *} AT garnet ſerous and the great quantity ºf nº permits it to weather and ºfoliate easily. It is interiaminated º terrº- º with hºrder-nº-schººst composed ºntºu ºr quartz and biotite, but also frequently garnetºerous some roºs * \ strº- - - - º are found in this series that were originally wrºte intrusives, but are now altered to ºness. Weins of coarse S- - -- T. -- º º, negºtite are numerous ºne ºf tº containing a large quantity ºte ºntº. º > T----. 2^, …” a º -> ~ -- - Acº º- 2 ” ------- A - - º 22 *…, º 22° / Ž - s' "2 § |- 7 º' Als Conzorary ºzºroazorategy Zºº /* verºco/ ºterºzz § º 2. | ! * º ©– - - ... " - ** º $: * | º & / s \ | % º * (* sº *.. | | º - --- º - & - - I rºarº arºe - Mº º º . º º Mill" .* - 1. - - - º - - - Ro8SON PEAK ^: º I º d | - razoo. º ~ - * - º \ * *_ A C-2 Sº ſ - er - M z --~~~ r º _A^ ~ _-ºne "...Y. ~ -----ºr, e.gtº - o° - Z. _-_ - Pipe: 24° 22- - - º || % pace Rapid Z- A. } º - - - - 45° º is ſºlº 55 _* a...of Bogey Hanº –ºtº- L- …” Site of Boggy \ & L’ - º - -- …” ) - & / # -—º ( - * | O º gºº º - * 22 - - \. _^T _--- -: - - - -> * | | * * * / º ºſ-N \ \\ 0 \Uſ ( / \ || || > / 2 | T N | * * | C Q | \ | N \ | Nº M = ~\ . . s. ºf A. Tºad. - - º * Lake \ - - \ - T - _- .* - --" - - T - ~ T ~ – – ~~ --" 2" / - 2% Gº Mr. Geikit | 7 novo” ſ --" ^ -º ; - taste- Mr. DALHous E * Ilºo. s Il{}^ - II7%o: 117° 11630 II6° 11530. ſº - - - - - Compºſed and drawn by J. Mºſºvºy, B.A.&c., from surveys by - MAP Accompanying Pryº J.J. 12/...I./ JAMºor, Zºpographical ºurveyºr Bronch & ºrnadian /herºic Railway: showing - - - - -- YELLOWHEAD PASS ROUTE 676 fºom. Natural Scale :- Fºsso Scaſe 8 miles to / inch 12 5. º lº 20 I -i. *- - - T- Torontº Lºº.co. Ltc. O F. t 676 , tº BRITISH COLUMBIA AND ALBERTA (Yellow Head Pass Route from Edmonton to Tête-Jaune Cache.) > Beference:–Part D, Vol. XI (New Series). 1898. |** # HIE INH 7 till ROBERT BELL, M.D., Sc.D. (CANTAB.), LL.D., F.R.S. IM. A. Ps A N N U A L R E PORT .* (NEW SERIES) TV OT, U M E XII, 1899 688. YUKON–KLONDIKE GOLD FIELDS - - - - 742. BRITISH Columb|A.— GEOLOGICAL MAP OF ATLIN MINING DISTRICT - - - - - - | 771. BRITISH ColumBIA—GEOLOGICAL AND TOPO- GRAPHICAL MAP OF EAST KOOTENAY DIS- TRICT. (PRELIMINARY EDITION). 626. ONTARIo.—MAP SHOWING THE • OCCURRENCES OF IRON ORES AND OTHER MINERALS IN POR- TIONS OF THE COUNTIES OF FRONTENAc, LANARK, RENFREw AND LEEDs - - - - ONTARIO AND QUEBEC.—GEOLOGICAL MAP OF THE CITY OF OTTAwa AND VICINITY - - ONTARIO AND QUEBEC.—GEOLOGICAL SHEET No. 12 I. (GRENVILLE SHEET) - - - - NEW BRUNSWICK.—SURFACE GEOLOGY SHEET No. 2, S. W.-(ANDover SHEET) - - - NEW BRUNSwick—SURFACE GEOLOGY SHEET * No. 1, N.W.-(FREDERICTON SHEET) - - PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY. OTTAWA Painted by S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER to the King's Most RXCELLENT MAJESTY. - 1902. - (bruinuiſal Simurmuſ (ſamāīlā GEORGE.M.DAWSON, CMG,LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR 64° west Dawson; // º DAWSON - -- g-Jº 1355 - 9, 24 gº § º --~~ \ ^ -- A ºf 3. - - - - wº - ------- - --- ; \ * : *ao. - - - 39°45/ 139°30' 139°15/ 139° 38°45′ |38o30/ y TSTNT, ſ ſ # ºwn. Q ! - º & ſ f - { / ſ § ſ A | ſ w º 64 Ensley 1228 º - Z 2^ - / > …” - - Creek: 634; 77 º, ºn *. º s - 7. - Y- - * § s | * @ G ld *3. º - f º § | N & gº º ſ | < * , º *S*. _- | | º, - ºu." 1. | s º --- - *- H § - l | - 49 sº - -º ------- |LV- Nº/ 44 Gwºź. º/~ ſ T - ſº W | hºmosº ºr gº. - . . . . Cri tº º “... $f Montº --- m 9 § Fox Gul Quee - sº Americº" Guich º ... cºlò00 Magn º *2. | --> - sº NJ Nº Qſ. º tº ſ \zºwen 4. º º º º NUA - º wº/ake …” º 2 º' 1345 134"oo" 133°30' Longitude West 13315 from Greenwich I33"oo" 132°45' Explanation of Colours and Signs --- / scoria and /ø/z, Zºrºary Granºe Azorphyry sandstone and cong/omerate chief/y pºwocastic Jurassº/ –59°15. Porphyry, and/ºze and Aasa/f. Granite, Greenstone mºnesºze, sexyzerºzºne Amerºozze waſ wrºno/ºe sºare ºf series - Cºsſºme ºozeszoº/woºoºººººoººroºs. - Cherry /warzzzze, º/wº sºoze, ºozze w/oze, and /ºrres/on.e. ºwarºzze, hormºenaſe an ºf ch/oryzºr ºf and crystºne fºrmestone. - Waſ/eºs/www.cºm/ ºld in ſº 1, 5.10 etc References to zeological notes good' A/zzazzaas ºn feet above sea-ſee/. - 132"30 132"15" Cº. /*A.Y., º/w//er 4 ºf Zhaºzºmon. H. A. Złºſz, A.A.Y., Z//www.ºzsºn. The Mortimer Co. Limited Ottawa. - Accompany” Annual Report, Awarf B, 12/...I.//, /399. No.7.1.2 Price 10 cts of 4. "274 -2-QĢ º, º BRITISH COLUMBIA. (PART B ) GEOLOGICAL MAP OF ATLIN MINING DISTRICT. - º # * (5cologiſal Sururu of (ſamata ROBERT BELL, D.Sc., M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., ACTING DIRECTOR. 116°30' |16.15" il Goo' 11545" 115 so." 2 / S 2 sº fazy Zake 2 * - 494: A Creek w º ºſº º - º - º -º i D * * 49so - * : * – ’) - - 1 _- º ( Z º y sº -A º Zº | s/ Z * -- ~~ * / º / * - º º s . _ _ - \ - - º º L-º-º-º-º- º § } 49in, + / º- º /- --------- -------- - ---------------- ------------------------------- *oo, s _ſ^ - Horse Shoe Lake º of a portion of EAST KOOTEN AY BRITISH COLUMBIA. (GEM)|L(){}|CA|, & 'T'ſ) P(t)ſGRAPHICAL, MIAIP DISTRICT. by 49.45 J. M. ENOY B.A.Sc. -— Natural scale zºo | Scale 4 statute miles to I inch | 9 * 10 | Corazow” waterwal .500 feet. /?roken contours approximate on/y. | Mº FIs HER Explanation of Colours and Si gns - - - - Amygdaloidal volcanºe ſºrtiary " - /Jevono-Carhonºfºrows. | - | s”& 2. - - - --- | º | Cambrian and Cambro-.5/wran. | THE STEE PLE'S - | | (rabbro-dºorſte P/wronze Vorbury/akes –0yke - /Qykes - - as // A strºke -- Ver/acoſ strata |49. - -- Aſorºzontal strata. - wood." E/evations ºn feet above sea-ſeve/. / - /?oad's | / - 77 arºs --- ºrveys ºv./Mºvoy A.A.Sc. of the Geolºgy survey. Alans ºf surveys of the Department of Zazz/s ºf Works. Vºctoria, and/// Cana/s, Otto Sources of Information Wa Compilation ºyſ MºEvoy. - - - -* , - 359 .356 -- 355 354. 343 To-Acco epartment of ſºways and - - wº -- = ----- - 49ed PLANs C0 Senéca/, Geographer and Chief Draughtsman Preliminary Edition Reference ºr 4 ºnway report waſ x/ No. 771 Price 10 ets. F s°" t § ºf BRITISH COLUMBIA. Geological and topographical map of East Kootenay district (PRELIMINARY EDITION.) 771 (6tulugital Simurn uſ (ſamāīlā GEORGE. M.DAWSON, CMG, LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR 1-0 Lake P0. MAP Shewing the Occurrences of |RON ORES AND OTHER MINERALS in portions of the Counties of FRONTENAC, LANARK, RENFREW and LEEDS O N T ARI () l Natural Scale Tâ⺠&aſe 2./a/aſe miles to/inch. To accompany Report by ELFRIC DREW NGALL, A.R.S.M. Legend Zºenzor, and///av/, /t/ ºr |R ON Magneſize dºos's Cambro-Silurian (w/w/ºrous z////o zºylor/ed * /o/sofazza. - - Aſaematºſe dºoyººs ºf///o zºozzed .Voz yozºa. zºo.or/ed Zead, (6//enzº) Azz/es__ Apazzze A/zczz 67 ºzze . Yazºo/s/ozze, ºrazyzes .5%zºe & wº. Aezz/ºzy zºon e sea-Zen ea Zozoº/zz//, //o/, surveys ºv./ M7.2/e azz///o/, //azºs of // e Crowz, Zazzaz; ZPºzzzzzzzzzzzz of '62/zzazzo. Geo/azz.ca/ Zozzzzzzzzzzey accozz/zzº Zo ./ P//, //e cy/, // /? /////y. N. O. T. Es The Mineral occurrences shown by the above signs L k differ greatlu in importance, varying from mere reported allºr" occurrences to those which have been worked and proved - to be of considerable extent. Regarding most of the main- erals shown, no data are available enabling distinctions to be made. In the case of Iron ores, however, the larger sign is used to designate the better known or more ºn- portant occurrences, and the smaller to show the points where either deposits or indications ºf such are reported tº nº----- the uneatored portions of the map represent a series of ºneissie, granitie and basic rocks with targe developments of crystalline timestones, all of Archaean age, the strike of the whole ºtrerºging northeast and southwest. In this series occur the deposits of Magnette Iron ore, Apatite, Mica, ete. To the south, these rocks are covered by beds of Cambro- Silurian age, the areas occupied by which are delineated on the map ºf reſt shººting. The Hºmatite, with one exception, ºccurs in connection with the basal beds (Potsdam and Cat- eiferous) of this formation. These beds are frequently found as separate small outlying patches, which are gener- ºutly shown in the southern part of the map, but not in the ºtherº pºrt where the information for this purpose is incomplete. - jº ; # ^ -º C. O. Jºeneca/, Chief Draughasman Z.M. Richard; Draughtsman eae. s”? & * * O N T A R I O , (PART I.) Map showing the occurrences of iron ores and other minerals in portions of the counties of Frontenac, Lanark, Renfrew and Leeds. (bralumiral Simurn of £anaia RD BERT B ELL, D.Sc., M.D., LL.D., F. R.S., ACT N G D RECTOR. 1901. sºlº. 3. º, antleyPO. | | | Gemmin Mine | | Toll Kirks St. | e - connors Mine - - - A. v N to N weſlie & sºns Z s". - 5. School. Explanation of - - - - | Colours and Signs - - Silurian Aſeaſºna - --- - VII Cambro-Silurian | --- -- Fºurwan R I - - - … " light F.W. 15 ft. - Baldwin ": - - - - ------ §§. sº D Ab A.orywine (A/wa/son ºver/ - fºreme ºr ºf fºº', ; - A. º Simmons '(). - | vº. -- º - º - - School *. º - \ - - - W ſº - - sº Sºº's zºº, "Y D2 all Chazy sha/e - º - | º - * - - - * | - | - d º ºr/ºw/ºrozzº | D1a || Pozsdam sandstone Archaean (Grey, 17//e Sezzes/ - Crystazzºne ºmaszone Light F.W.34ft. Aylmer Id 3's Visible 12 miles A. Gness and granºe etc. - - ---. ---. A" -. ...” H. W. 1872 => * a. M. 179'> Church - Aºazz//s. nis Pt. prº scafèvres $/r/e and dº - - LA A. J.' zºossºw an:/oz's - - ...nº wº 6/aafar/ sºrroº 1...nº lººr) a.… ozº ºf C. ºf, Light FW13 Ft. -- - visible 8 miles # Park - from Graham Azazze Bay A/ºca Aary/e ºvarrºes Zºrºr/ºward's 224' A/ºzzions ºn fºez wºove wear Merez 187 Wºzzer ſeve/y : - -- -- -- - ºr - - BlackRapids Dºb - - º - Longitude West firon Greenwich The Mortimer Co. Limited o - *0.serracaſ, A.A.Sc. Chief Drazzºtsman Drtimer UD. Limited. Ottawa Z.A./ºr/ozzº, Zºrºasman - Sources of information Magnetic Declination II”35 West in 1901 - ag ºt. "I I It y l - Sºrrºw ºv./assrs...}zozº Bazyou; Zhàºze, Aeſºzzº, Mºzſºsor, Boring, ºdorº. gººfy (GE()[4(){}[('\|A MAP of the G|TY of OTTAWA and WIC|N|TY ONTARIO and QUEBEC To illustrate report by R. W. E LLS, LL.D., F.R.S.C., Natural Scale gºso Scale 1 mile to 1 in ch I *4. 12 14 o 1 - 2. - 3 Miles and/oºey's oºzhe Geo/azz/.3%rºy and/o/anwoºe Zºzzzzzzewºzy of Aºuzºs azº (ºr and oºzzouz, Azzºzºwofºra/arvo zerº (2are/or. Geo/ogica/ boundaries by P. Hººs and //MAmy. 27- y Zerz B tº C ki Accompanying Port & Vol. XVI, --~~ 1. The area included in the northern pºrtion of the map is fºr the most part occupied by startime rocks ºf these, ºness is the principal variety, but there were included severºl areas, sometimes of large size, rom- sisting of granite, pyro-reme, diorite, etc. The ºutlines of these hare not been indicated on the map. The ºneiss formation proper is generally readily recognized, and corn- prises the usual banded variety of reddish. reddish-grey, and grew ºneiss, with some- times heary beds of quartzite. The latter usually occurs when present in close pro- inity to erystalline tºnestone. Much ºf the granite, which is generally reddish in color. presents a foliated or ºneissie structure. other granites are of the variety known as peºnatite, cºnsisting largely of felspur and quartz. These are usually white, though red shades are also found. The resºur of these ºranites is quarried in places for the manu- factºre of pottery, the reſt tint disappearing when the roek is ºwned. The pyroxenes are found at ºn the mines of apatite wººl ºniº. Though usually in the fºrm of ºes they sometimes ºur us targe mºsses, but the *ens are too limited to be lastiented on this ºup without erºueration. The timestºe wreas, colorest ºve, frequently include ºften portions of ºneiss wºrrºw or the ºrian ºf ºn-times rººf ºriety. They wºre frequently intersected tº dykes of peºmatite as well us by rest ºurites, so that withough the formation as represented is essentially ruleureous, other kinds of rock are frequently found in ºratiºnate assºciation. ºver turne areas, however, the roºks are ºncealed by ºr deposits which render it impossible to wºn the earnet outlines of the linestone hand- ----- *. 1 large area wing between the ºutineº- ºr ºn the east and the roºt ºn Hunt tº olº Chelsea, past the Iron mines. on the ºest. is covered with hearly deposits of rºu, which in places is probably over 150 feet thirº. It is ºwn into by several brooks, the principal being that from old ºnelsea to Ironsides. Traverses along these brooks shewed no roº outerops. The area is supposed to be crossed by a fault which probably extends from the south end of the ridge of erystalline rocks north of Tetreauville, in the direction of ºright Bridge, on the ºutineau ºver. By this fault the several formations seen along the ottwuru River below the city are supposed tº be ºut ºff in this direction. ºwing to the elay covering however the earnet position of this fault line is uncertain, and the position laid down must be regarded as, to some extent, conjectural. There is also a break in this direction which eartends north-easterly from the brook crossing on the row near the Trenton awºru on tot 7- ºne - which separates the Chºy Timestone frºm the Tren- tº of Hull, and when wºrrently crosses the road to Iron-ideº near the middle of lot º continui-º-the-tº ºne ºf the -tensiºn ºf the fººt frºm the sºuth side ºf the ºtº seen in Roekeline purº, which should cross near the north end of Leº take. That there is a considerable displacement of the formations along the east flunk ºf the ridge of crystantine rºcks is evideº rºom the relatire positions of the ºr sºles seen on either-wide. The rººts seen ºut retreaturine and in the area nºrth of that place are better defined. +tº the west sºle of Fairy take the rºtaen. River timestones are inclined at ºn ºne of 50° and at the north end or the lance they wre in contact with Chaºy whates, but are directly overlain on tºre east ºf the Trenton timestone. The outerop of the Chaºy at this pºint probably represents the eastern extreºn- ity of the shale area which ºurs wrong the south ſtºº of the erºstºne roºks north of the ful ºne-hººn. -----> -- The wºu -th of the Ottawa river and east of the Gºttineau river is targely drift-covered for sºme miles. Eartensive deposits of blue ºu, overtain in nº ºf sand, conceal the underlying roºks over much of the district, and white it is supposed that these are of - **** *** **** ºf the Potsdam sunº- stone, which ºurs a short distance north of the ºttawa river, between templeton and *** ***** * *eº seen and the presence of ºrustartime linestºnes cannot ºw-tºº-º-erº. - large pºrtiºn of the area north of the *** *irer overtier, ºniºn forms the erest of the rºſe north of . *::: ºut the ºustºne rocks which extend westward from nºw *** * * * or ºn, is wº *** *** **u and sºnº. It the easºn end ºf this area. ºnºr linestone is seen in the bºok ºf ºriant's ºriek wºrks. This ºne- stone is undertain a short distance northera, a * the rowſ tº the shales of that formation which are ºposed ºn the best of a small proof, *** **, the ºr end of Fairy tºº. The shares apparently extend to the ºne of the ºustalline rocks which is here near ºne line between ranges ºr and tº For some ºne- ** south of the rºſe the surface is ºn *** *** from the mountain range. It *_probable that a band of Chaºy snates *** along the ſtºº of the ord roºs ºn the fººt *. Fairy twº to ºverſeen ridge station ºn the Pontiac and Pºteific nunction railway where it connects with the area of these snatº * along the north side of the ottara ºre, rest of ºner. The Cºrºneºus nºw Pors- * * * * in the north ºr ºr ºn is ºusin. ----- - * of the faults south ºf the riºteur, river in the rivinity ºf Hous ºn tº in pºwees well defined tº ºnly inelined strata. ºriºuſ to the rººf corering in this ºn their ºrtension rºot in at rºses be definitely ** and others way ºf which mºre nor met been recognized. Several small and loean faults are seen in the tºtien anale south ºf Bitlinus ºridge, and one ºeur seas obserºt in the erectºrations for the main sewer, eross- intº the old rifle range south of Theodore street * Cºpel street, ºf the ºftwara river also tºur bººks wifeeting the Trentom limestone are seen on the shore neur New Edinburun, and also ºn the rººfs ºf Nepean point ºf wrest of Pºwer- * hºt. The faulted area near nee-hºod *** * *t ºroelºuſe ºri, is ºn *** * * **, ºne extensiºn ºf * breaks is largely hidden in places by sºund and elay. The Riºt ºntº ºtoucester fault ºniºn ºn the township of ºwester erosses the southern tº it of the ºwn ºr here ºnes for some distºre the form of a tone anti-time ºther * * *** ***tion. The faulted enº- *** * * * * * * *nites to the east of this tººsh in at the rinºe of russen ºn the *** *** * to the wrest in the township ºf Nepean south of ºetus ºners. The fººt ºn the Montreat ºr rest of *** *** is also difficult to locate ouring to the rººf ºsits new the tutºnºa ºr, Broken beds of Trenton age are seen near this roºt ºn of 19-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-t ºn ** ***, the former cºnstituting ºn ****** **** ***** *** meanºr wards north to the ºf fººt. The Utica shºrte ºuterous along the ºwn towards tº reens creen. as far as the bend on toº ſº. ºesºrt ºn ten it is *one-wled by rºup to the bridge orer the strewn. There are hoarerer indicatiºns of a horizontal throne of several hundred yards to the north- *t. Judging from the strike ºf the for-ºn- ºtions tºoth tº the east ºf mºst of the time or fºur- -----, -º- - large area south of the tortuna river, in *** ***** * * * * *-*. ºn ***** * * *****in or ostroote on the *** * * *-*. the ºt-posit hºrrºr in places ºr thierness of 200 feet, as prored tº horiºus rock outerops are rarely seem in this direction south of the Trenton ** and the narrow ºries or rºlea whate which, east of the ºut and ºtoucester fºurt, directºr ºverties it. The shares of ºne "tiew and Lorraine formations are sometimes ** **posed at internata near the u-stern *ru* or the basin. south and east or nºrt- * Bridge. The basin ºccupied by these ºrks errºds eastward into the townships of *rland and rºussell where the snares nº * *ide development and are well exposed. The southern portion of gloucester beyond the time ºf the ºut and ºncester fºr is ****** ****t ºr ºutriferous sediments. o*, 7ı2... ä å º, º ONTARIO AND QUEBEC, Bø(PART G.) Geological Map of the City of Ottawa and vicinity. -- º º Exp - o e 4P º> an * tion of Colours and Signs d Cambro-Silurian Utica *enzon. Black ºver- Chaºy lºnestone Chaxy shower Calciferous Potsdam sandstone Archaean Crystalline limestone Gneiss, quartºre Anorthosite Granºe, syenºornhºr, etc. strºke and dº Paulº Glacial strºe ſºon. Lifica Graphite Barºte Fºlspar Quarries Haolin Marl Asbestos Aeat Elevarone ºn feet above sea-level Water levels . - - * º * * º 6talogical Sumuru of damata ROBERT B E LL., M.D. Sc.D., wanzº, LL.D., F.R.S., ACTING D1 RECTOR. 1-02 & Joºs sheet No. 134 75°is F7F- Lac des º º / Laº da corbºſº 1. ºpianº - º º ſº | º - | --- - IM º sº tººs º ºs topold º - Mºleº 2. / * f in Lake º: - - - . # - - * Sºlº º º whº sº |Wººlººl º, -- * | M - --- --- -º-º- --- --- º *As #º 5"; -- *. A. o T A W ºr a - de-lº- - B ite - lº. s: - - - sº º ºn- - - º Core º T. O. N. º- R - º 75'oo Longitude West from Greenwich C. A. L L- closeneca, B.A.se. Geographer ºf chief Praughwºman. J. A. E.Johnston ºf Pºreault, Draughtsmen. - - - -hoºna w Wo. Lºo Sources of Information City or 0ttawa -- Zo accompany Part J. Annual Report, Vol. 47/ - - Nº 750 - - --- surveys by the Geological survey staº official plans - QUEBEC awi, O.WTARIO - ºted at the Department of Railways ºf Canals, 9ttawa. Price 10 cts. Parts of Counties of ottawa, Argenteuil, Terrebonne, /wo Mountains and Vaudreuit. Que. and official plans of surveys of the Crown lands //epart ments of Quebec and onwario. Geolºgical boundaries by ºr ºf E. Logan, /* *. W. Elle, and /º/, Adams, Mr.V.V. Gºrown and others. and Carleton, Russell, Prescott and Glengarºy, Ont. (Grenville Sheet) No. 121 - - - Natural Scale, assºn Scale, 4 statute miles to 1 inch -- l -- - -- _ lo - _ - munit = H-E-H - |-| - I To illustrate report by R.W. E L L S. LL.D., F. R. S.C. 1899 -º-º-º-º-, -º-º- Note 1 The great area of crystalline rocks which occupy *ost of the country north of the ºttawa ºver is convºsed of ºnite ºneiss, area and ºw gºeiss with which are associated betts of whitish-grey *ite in the ºper part, and areas of crystantine ºnestone, the latter being regarded as constitut- tº the ºne-ºo-ºo-oº ºne-hºº-º-o-º-º-ene-e developed. In places the timestone forms ºwn as of considerable eatent, but frequently occurs in small detached areas. It is sometimes donomiere, but * * *we the magnesian element is in small quan- ** Tremolitic ºwn as also occur. ºnwe in sewes is frequently disseminated in the timestone *self, but never in such quantity as to be profitably -o-º-ed. These crustantine rocks are ºut in many places by *** *** as the granites and syenites of ºne Grenvite area, the wºrthosites of ºne townships of Morº, Beresford, ºolre, &c., and ºne ºw-oº-emites *** **ases of the Liet-e and ºne-asseries. Tº these are of later ware ºn-ºne ºystºne- ºnestone and associated gneiss is creas. from their * on the latter series, ºn the pyrºenes are associated the deposits of apatite, mica, and ee- * other economic minerate, which are aesarinea * * *nºwing report. It is not possible to where these -o-º-º-asses in aerau on a º of this ** seate owing also to the wºmeº, or ºt- *g the banded gneisses from ºne order º-ite- wºeiss at many points, it has been aeemea best roº * present, to include ºn these rocks unae, one -o-o- Two tºo-taº roº-º-asses at lease ºw- tºoth *we v wrºttie and containing areas or no- *w- one of these known as ºn -o-tº- is on the south side of the ottawa-ºe-tº-ºne --- *** **** of the ºn-sheet, ºne ºne-º-º-º-º: of the river in the townships of ºenºne ana Cº-º- * * are evideº more recent ºn an ºne *o-dotomites and other-o- º-oººº, * -- ºr or ºne sº- * * * *-ºpºes foºd tº row and the isolated nute ºnsen occº in-tº-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º: ºf the ºr L-e- --- *** ***** well-deº-eº. * of ºn-iss east ºf sº-ºws vitrºge, as well as ºne ºne- - *** **we ºwing to ºne south-east ºf ººº-ºº: *** * to belona ºne- to ºne ovae- series of uneisses than to the later e-ºve- Note 2 * * south of the ottawa ºne is ºted * * * *ozoic formations ºnwen -º- *** from the base of the Potsdam sanastone to * * share which, a snow ºwnee to ºne south, *** ** into the Lorraine formation waste * formations generally ºne ºn a new -º-º-o-º-on- tº position they are ºr * points wifected by ** some of which are extensive and can be * for miles. The principal breaks have been **teated ºut there are woºtees ºr º-º-º-º- *** could not be ºne- The sedimentary rocles are as a rºute ºnly fos- *ferous and the several non-tºons can be rewºº determined over-ºwen of ºne ºre-ºwever-the-e are targe deposite oreana ana ºw co-ceº-º-º-e **ing rocks from view, ºne most ºportant ºne of fºur in this distrier is round - the wrea * of ºwn mountain, by which several of the roºmations have been displaced horizontatº for * ºttes. This dislocation also e-tena- *** *ross the st. Lawrence ana, as there ea-- ****, *es ºther the form of an anticºat. ºther tºportant breaks are seem to ºne soºn of the *we of ºoº-ºººº, along ºne ozºa ºne-pe- * * * ºrition, near ºne moºn º *e south Nation river, and to the south of ºne eu- ºve of rockland. It is probable also ºn at faults *** Points throughout the great area of *e rocks, ºut these have not been aerº- -eated. „ð* hº 7ēso. № � sº ONTĀRIO AND QUEBEC, (PART J.) Geological Sheet No. 121. (GRENVILLE Sheet.) Explanation of Colours and Signs Recent Deposits - Mºº-ºº! Mºres/, Water. | Pleistocene N Arem Surface & Rolling Surface Alonſºr (ſay Mon-fºssrººrows inland dºposi's --> 6/arra/ strºe --~~~. Aºrmes Forest covered Areas 0/d growth Accom/ growth Note: Hºhº's ºn ºf adoºmeºtidºſº Zºº falſº profiles thus:492. Baronericalºascertained 350 ** - º º - 3. .* ÖculugitalSuturu uſ (£anada GEORGE M.DAWSON.C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR 1000 2. Nºw- swif º *Rºl. Fºl. l º - ºriº NºSQ. \\ NOTE: 1. M. 3 (a) The formations which come under this head are river-flats and peat bogs, and these are of very limited extent here. The former are found in the valley of the South-west Miramichi below Boiestown and along the Nashwaak in the vicinity of Cross Creek. They also occur in the St. John valley, but are too narrow to be shown on the man. All the islands are formed of these fresh-water alluviums. in the Toulºue valley, tºats of greater width have been laid down at Arthurette and the mouth of the wanskenegan. The one at Arthurette is really an ancient lake bottom-see report). NOTE 2. M. 2 (a) The deposits classed under this note cover by far the largest portion of the area. The surface is, for the most part, uneven or undulating, occasionally rising into hills or ridges, especially in the central and northern parts where it reaches an ºvation of 1200 to 1400 feet above the sea. The country is well drained by rivers and rooks. The soil is varied in character, usually deep, and composed largely or stratified materials resting on houlder-lay, or de- composed rock in sº in the valleys ºf the St. John, Tobique. Southwest Miramion, and especially in that of the Nashwaak, the land is of good quality for agricultural purposes and thriving settlements are located in these ula-e- Except along these valleys. however, the larger part of the area included in Luis sheet is still under torest, and is the scene ºr --- tensive lumbering one rations. 2s. E. Terraces of great beauty and perfectiºn skirt the St. John River in this part of its course, rising ºne- times in a succession of three, four and five steps along its banks. These affºrd evidences or ºne ºn-e- height of the river abºve its ºresent bed and of the erosion and transportation which the valley-ariº has undergone sin-the glacial periºd. NOTE 3. M. 1. Boulder-clay ann-a-s to underlie the nº re- to in the above notes, almºst ºverywhere and comes to the surface in numerous places, but only the larger areas are ºf sufficient extent to be manned. The materials constituting this deposit, whether clay, gravel, or boulders, are altogether local. In - some places where the boulder-clay is not too stony | | and where the surface is rolling or uneven, and º º | affords escape for the drainage waters, the soil is | º good. This appears to be the case in the vicinity of | º Andover, and along the St. John valley from Plan- N. º agan's Hill to victoria Corners, etc. - Fº ==- == | | N | l - - The system of striation prevailing here is, generally U - speaking, from north to south, or from northwest to southeast. But in the valley of the South-west Miramichi there seems to have been a northeast flow, the watershed between the two large rivers causing the ice to follow the slopes on either side, at -east to some extent. The barometric heights are all based on those of the railway stations; and the courses of striº are referred to the true meridian- º º N E. tº - Longitude west from Greenwich. - - - - - - -- - - - - --- º (w/vandarawn by Wºlfº Innes, ſºon Railway, Crown Zand's and Geoſo/ſca/ºurvey /* and from Roe & Golºr's mºoſºon County --w. ź. º %º .5/ ** * //r//fºrrºres area/ Railway /nes added by ſº (ºners and ſº ſºon. surface. GEO-LD GY Žeoſº/ſca/ly surveyed oyſ. Uſiaſmers. *. * Arroyzvº' or Naºy ºr/A's"W/CA 696 Andover Sheet Nat. Scale assº Weaſe. 4 arºſes to 1 ºch - - º, Miles · „º“ z ©= º•* 9€5% ſº NEW BRUNSWICK. (PART M.) Surface Geology Sheet No. 2, S. W. (ANDOVER SHEET.) Explanation of ſolours and Signs Recent Deposits ºn Aresſ, Water Pleistocene º Airm Starfºre | Won-fºssiſºſºrors inlandºlynosº's º Roſſinº Sºrce How//ºr (/ºr y 6/arra, strºn. ---> - - ſºmew Forest covered Areus 0//growth º | | Mºvem/grow/h Note: hºw º że zºolº.” hºtº/ /º/, /º/vºrofºrs * -102 //www.wrwrºuſly-awww.ſainº/ 460 º s -- - * No 1. RLETON (5culugiral Suturu uſ (£anada GEORGE M.DAWSON, C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR 1900 N.W. sº | * º | º * - º5. E.# -- B- * # º - - º - ..Wºlfe ZŽe Interna/roma/ /ou/zz/azz/ºon 54(?oza Zasses º º Nº. º |\ - |^*/ z/, / %22z/ae/rook Zakes & Monumerºz Arook. |--|--|--|-- N º, \ - - - l |- |--|--— N. -" " º ºlºlºlºlººl - - - T- - º ***" 67*, tº ". . - - Tºº- ºº: - º ºasi. ſº º - - - - --- ºt º -- Wºº º ºº: º -º-º-º-º: , , , - Jºº º ºtterset º: º/ res /d l º º - º - - - Longitude West from Greenwich - º -- S$. º º - ºJ º - º, º, 66%, | Fºllº º N . N | º | º | --- ºilº º | º º º º º º Fºllº-Zºº º º -º-º: --- - lºº-ºº: ºlººl sº ºlulºlº. º- |-lºº - | | º --~~ - º - |Mººº-ºº: - - - - º - - A. ſºlº - - -- ºw waſ drum by Haſſace Broad assisted ſºlº/"Innes frºm plans made by the Grown Zand's ſºpºrºzenſ." /; and/the Geo/o/ſca/Sºrter Žiž//www.s. waſ ſºror /ines added by ſº Channers and M. J. Wilson 1. * \v. SLI RFACE GEO-LD GY AP/POW/Vºz" of.” Aaº' arra...wºſzººn. Fredericſon Sheet Nat. Scale gººd Wºoſe * + miſes to 1 men º Io tº Miles The wºma-i-lº - Lun-tº-tº-ºn- - Accompanyºny Pºr/ MI2/X///M.S./ Geologica/ſº surrºred ºf Chahaors 697 NOTE: 1. M. 3 (a) The areas occupied by formations of this class occur chiefly in the counties of Sunbury and York. River-flats ºf considerable extent skirt the St. John westward from the limits included in the sheet and follow the Oromocto, Nashwaak and Keswick rivers. In the valley of the Magaguadavic similar deposits are found at Brockaway and Nutter settlements, also along the stream connecting the two Magaguadavic lakes, etc. These flats form some of the best agricul- tural lands of the province. Peat bogs occur in the Pokok river valley and along the route of the Canadian Pacific railway between Canterbury station and the southern border of the sheet. Several small bogs were noted at the south end of Magnuſuadavic Lake, and others near the source of the Mactaquac Stream. NOTE 2. M. 2 (a) The largest portion of the surface deposits of the Frederiction sheet is assigned to this division. Al- though a part of the area included in the sheet along the valleys of the St. John and its affluents, the Oromocto, Keswick and Nashwaak, lies below the 220-foot contour line, which represents the extreme height of the marine deposits along the coast of the Bay of Fundy, nevertheless, it has been placed in the class of inland deposits, as no fossils have been found in any of the beds composing it in the interior. The 220-foot contour line is, however, laid down on the sheet, and the elevations given show the neight and extent of the country above it. 1. N. EThere is a good deal of difference in the character of the deposits of this group, but this is probably in a large measure due to the difference in the rock- formations beneath. In the sandstone or Carbo- niferous area sandy and silty beds prevail; in the Silurian they are of a more clayey consistency, while upon the granite belts the soil is coarse, often gra- welly, and intermixed with numerous boulders of various dimensions up to ten feet in diameter. Excellent farming land exists in several parts of the area, which is described in the report accoºn- panying these sheets, and settlements are numerous and many of them large and thriving. NOTE 3. M. 1. The boulder-clay very seldom comes to the surface except on the higher grounds, but the whole area of this sheet seems to have been glaciated. The general trend of the ice movement was southward, diversing in a few places to the east, in others to the west. A distribution of boulders carried southwara is trace- able everywhere, but more particularly in the vici- nity of the granite areas. The boulder-clay in some localities forms good soil, though usually damp and clayey, and not infrequently stony. The barometric altitudes are based on those of the railways, and a few on the level of the st. John River below Fredericton. The glacial striae are all referred to the true meridian. - of . ** * - - * -- o F ► % esez. *, ſ°, NEW BRUNSWICK. (PART M.) Surface Geology Sheet No. 1, N. W. (FREDERICTON SHEET.) ...?' screwor: † LIBRARY QS ** }{|0|| || $URWE) || ||||||, Robert BELL, D.Sc. (Castab.), M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., I.s.o. INAL A- IPS TO ACCOMPANY ANNUAL REPORT (NEW SERIES) VOLUME XIII 19CO No. 7 II—BRITISH Columb|A-ATLIN GOLD FIELDs...PART A. “ ” 785—UNGAVA—NorthERN PORTION OF LABRADOR - PENINSULA (Reprint). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 779, 780, 781—UNGAVA AND QUEBEC-SHEETs I, II, III, EAST COAST OF HUDSON BAY AND JAMES BAY. . . . . . . . . . . 766–SASKATCHEWAN, ATHABASKA AND KEEWATIN . ; : —GRASS RIVER MAP. . . . . . . . . . . . . PART F. & FF. 702–QUEBEC-BASIN OF NoTTAWAY RIVER, .... PART K. 777–QUEBEC–PLAN AND SECTIONS OF SHEFFORD - i MOUNTAIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . L. r PUBLISHED BY AUTHORITY. OTT AWA. PRINTED BY S. E. DAWSON, PRINTER TO THE KING s MOST EXCELLENT MAJESTY. 1904. (5rplugital Simurn uſ (ſamāīlā GEORGE. M.DAWSON, C.M.G.LL.D., F.R.S., DIRECTOR 141-11 134” º Wº º - . -- s --- Nº. º - "wº º º º % º º º w º - j Llew r^ Winº www.” --> \ ellyn * | |* , British Columbia 1901 --- ºca/e, 6 miles to 7 inch. -ja l I L L I I SOURCAES OF / WFORMA 7 Iow. Instrumental and track-stºreys of Takaº Army, ºffin ſºake, creeks and mountain features, by J. C. Gwil/fºr, 8. Sc., anº W. H. Boyd, B. A. Sc., Geological Survey rºo rooo. Part of Worthern %. of British Columbia from survey & A. Saint-Cyr, D.L.S., Topographical Surveys Branch, Dept. of the Interior, rº, Sºrºrise Lake, Pine Creek, and part of east shore of 4:/in Zake, from survey ºy W. H. Brownlee, P. L.S., zºº. Geology by /. C. Gºw. - N §§§ - º º N. - ºw - triº º º º º -- - º º, 㺠-- º º - º: - tº }ºğ. - -- & ------ - Aathé -- º º, K. - - - ~ "ſº - emisº •eſ: WS - º --- - º, º º º º L & § Cºnºwº, ºtº ºver Zºraw//sman. 711 Geological Indications. Cretaceous Samºſomeºwº, etc. Greenstones serpentines"slates" (6%///wrºng rocks, N Quartzites, slates, etc. % Limestones Proºvºrºozz/ºrows Basalts, porphyries etc. --- - * . 1. Granitic rocks 5000' Heights in feet above sea level OF No. 711-Part A. : 42 * IBRITISH COLUMBIA. ATLIN GOLD FIELDS. $’3. - º º --- - - - - º (ſtologital Sururu of Ulamaba 1902 79° 78° 76." 74° 729 - 70° 68° - nick... , , … - Tº sº." lig sº Ids. ** - ºl. Af & 2) J’ * Sº Charles Id. 6.4- *.* Islamid \ - C.Weggs J’ º, Tº – - - ^2. *. M. Zet ~ 2 - - -y a. -3 ºn." º o *2. * S. SKETCH MAP º, 62"| Hº- Y, - ---------- - - T-_ SMaiden ºp; of the northern portion of the – 62” *... " ºri. - A. -wazz, ſººn LABRAD0R PENINSULA ºa's --~ - Walek Id. R. /fºrbozar- ...; sº from exploratory surveys by - w /* alº S sº A. P. LOW. B. Sc. - *Neptune an. skinno sketches collected in ſ N...in d Eski ketch llected s º º,” 1899 > ſ 1−ºweva. - Hºegers, - urgoy" " Scale 50 miles to linch ------ º - S vſ. \ C.Hopes Advance | Smith 1d. hoatºkwº’s, º º, ids Cape Smith 2. º -º - -- & eider kis. * 'a- - Ptares - - / & - - - ſº sº | | ? pry Bay ..’s” / - º ". - º- * . * Plover Ids. _/ wº º - Nº. _-r º \s - \ - * Zeorlakes Riveſ fº/ -* Ft. Chłº *N eſ * 58° - - º tº / º - | - *s-, *~ Nº. Aake. Mºrazoº º Nicholson I.º. / | rap- *> D . / - ~ - - -* zºº." * \ \ º, N." C stie I. -* % ~~~~ ~ *** watt I. . / w > : R º Gordon I. -X- - º ,” Y N - tºy *i; } / Yº, isºlº or ºn 1 gº" " º \ is º º - --- ~ - *1) º, --- s --~ w ~ - º *…* --- | * º” …” ſ —as sº N - Clarket."y º ſ Great Long L. Sº º § Luttit.1.” | va º ſy ºrson I ºf > / - N & /* ( 56° C/earwater | > - / / * 5 Lake %;" Z ^ ſ º º mas - - ſ N. / ( *–1– zº Lº *~ ." A - 78° 76." 74°longitude West from Greenwich 72” 700 Drawn for photolithography by 0 & Prud’homme. To accompany Part D. Pol. VIII. - Corrected edition 7 8 º ..of No. 785-(Reprint)- Part D#. º TJ N G. A. W. A. NORTHERN PORTION OF LABRADOR. PENINSUI.A. % .* - (5cologital Sumuru of damaba ROBERT B ELL. D.Sc., M.D., LL.D., F.R.S., ACTING DIRECTOR. 98.” 973a, 100" 99 so 99" 983a, lolºo. 101" - 56* º § Mazºeae weeanation a . - - -- ****** - *:::. º - º /a/º - sº" birch Laº, -ºº º - -- Brokºmowº, , . - --- - Mºre ºn / 2. Q - --- - - - - Qº º | -º-º-º-º-º: /...: Iſºkwarm / / Lake - --- - - 55.30 - º, Lake F536 – - - - - º: º º - | - O *…* . * - jº. ºpy Lake Ząż. - º- - \ ſºrrºr/ſ - Wºrfering Lake --- - - - --- - -- - -ſº --- --- º Nº. \\ º º --- --- º sºlº --- º º --> - º-º-º- ºil º º sº- Nº. - --~~~ --- - - 22; 92 Co/d Lake - - -*. sucker brook -------------- 55°E Explanation of Colours and Signs - --— Aheaton -- - 2 * ..." - - - - - -- - - º - - Cretaceous - º ºw.no. s Lakes - Dakota | - Wºo, Jake | /...) Devonian - Silurian Cambro-Silurian - - Huronian º - || || | * . . . . tºº /aluated grantes | | - º sº cº- J -7 and ºne’ssø º Laurentian | - As ºf 5. - - | -- - -" " º º Groutes and massive sº I- - - º ºne'ssic rocks Magnetic decºration - * -- ºr maga whiskey Jack 3. Morºzontal strata Portage - - Goose Jake / ºfacial stria. º - AEstimated elevations ºn 7/r/ feet aſſove sea-leve/ - - Magnetºe derºnation. ****** ago.º --- - & y Aſikamae ſ Lake ºat, " Moos e /, a ke *_Cumberland ſº * - - - |William Lake w - | N - Reeder- Lake Limestone - º - ſº | Portage. - º __” - -- - --~~ ºrd. ſºvº- - - ºf GS-2 = . - --- s Grass" Bay ºf *ſºn Z. - º ºportage º - & Portage Eagle 1. / 1 /º/, // w y z / A 6. zzo feet above the sea | | Robinson Pt. (2* Rocky Pt. s º Sykettle tº m - - - - oa. Jomº Zºº Wºmy,” sº Wºooº - 97.30" - 97° | - - - - - - - - 102* loſºo" Joºns. Worthwestern Mammoha wheet Wºº 101* idºo' Longitude West 99% from Greenwich - 98% of 98." ( 0.42ncºa/, /g/15c., Geo/ºr & //º/, //ou/ºman. Tº accompany/ºrts º' ** ſºport W.W * * - * º Geological Information Grass River Map Nº. 766 {}}}{Dſ, (X(HMI},\{A MAU’ Grasſ, and ports of Mºon ſº ºwn ºr ſºleſ. Mºson Minamo Mºrrºw ºzºom/watzºonwa. Price () cts. Surveys ºv/r/2/geº/ºzzoo, Mº.15.6%r/rwegiano) ///yrrellºway and ///low/ºu//º/ſhe of Por tions of w/ºurnaroon’ſº ſeſam Mºsonſ/affon, J.B.Zvºre/ (Zurchiſ/Mºssassing and Pºwroof rºw ºf ºurvey ºr Messrs 04/Zoº wººe, Z/ºrceſ/º/*aagø/or ſhe///w/new/ SAS KAT C H E WA N AT HA BAS KA AN D K E E WAT | N D | ST R | CT S Burnſwood/ºa/ove Mºon //, wºrham of Lakes north of ºr //rom //, //owing ºthe Interior and Surveys ºr ſhe ſportmentoº/w/º aſſºw Compilation ºv//?/orºng. Topographical information to accompany reports by J.B.TYRRELL., M.A. and D.B.DOWLING, B.A.Sc. Scafe 8 statute mºres to //nch º -- --- 1- - 10. - Miles - - *= - - - -- - THE COPP clark cº LMITED Lit-Ho-Toronto. O F 4. * No. 766-Part F. & FF. : O a % ºf Saskatchewan, Athabaska and Keewatin GRASS RIVER MAP (5cologital Sururu of (ſamada ROBERT BELL, M.D., Sc.D, ſanab, LL.D., F.R.S., ACTING DIRECTOR. • J A M E' S --- - A. 1903 51°30'— 7G" * T- - 75.30 75° 74:30 74." * --> - | - - - N R. 2. ' º | ſ T |-- * P_ e_r & º - Yr->----4------- - º - ---. - --> -- L ( D. netic 500 -º H | - – R.*—? ºf D | clination - - S- tº (, | / about Jò”W. * - S H N | s is - /K *ched neck 1 || East Poi * ~ *"Lº T A. S º - SN -- º-- }} int. Middleton *- } . | I sºlºe-ºneº- * - Q545 ~. W - ºr leº º Fºss T--_ Nº º Bºeºs and red ºneº T - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T T TIT TT T - - – --- - - -— — — — — — — — — — * Wenniskar. A H A WINA ºr ) Z SS - T ~~ % mile porº " i ". º \s - * - --~ - ºwn, Lak: %. B.A. Y. - * NS- t - º, º - *S. *~ - S-> B 7" º ºr, ---- * 3/4 miles - -- ===s -- = -- - Por: - / NT ** = - *s -- 1" --~~~i==~~ º ſ º---|Divide rº - ſº-a/. —ºp. --~~ | | -- | * ~. z v. “ 2^ ºnae ºn sº,..., T-– - - º R i v * ~. * * º Y- t - t - - - - - --- * * - Y - N * /* _*- T-- I unile Z -J) e "…º- - * Q. Robert L. /* º | –Z ---- - .." - - -- ". - - \ - \ i **.*. \ * Lºſ - Tº - tº º ſ / *Tºº - Kanouskanwan. 1. - \\\\- N ! *śs. S. º. R=== º, "...#. Notesekawi, W *- - row." Strong **pids N º * , º $º Q ! § *\Hannah Bay House i - ºve grew hoºººº-ºº: *—- > *~ Nº. ſ - /A (Site of) - -- - º * > . .312 w Nº. - § ! ºwes ſº or ºn wººly & Tºº, NS Nº. ºr _ – -- – - T T - - - - - - - I - ‘’, ¥3 º º - \ 3. * º - ---- T - — — — — — — — — — — - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - troo(Hosalivan) ; : - º, 2 º'º. Nº. T T ~~~~ Sºłg | -vº º leey" º Nº. N Lower----- - | T - - – - - - ----. Tº º *- º º - - * *N- ºr - --_ -------- --- - º \ a I -— I Yor..... 3. - * . Y- * ---- º | t - | yº” *. *S*- \ - - t 51° I º I AP, idº \|^z. - N- \ --~~ | I º r", - º H |-- 2 __-- º | | - *. *: N. \ y – 74 _- / zº I *~ . \ Zº º I \ Ş. * - ~ - \ º / ſ 2 \ " …º.º.º.º.º. ºed ºf - * > N. / 2/ / \ | Porº, ſº. ". º º w \ 22*-- - - - I zº * / *Tºº". - " - w - / f - \ - º º Por. - w - º, 2- . y | º 2^ - \ ºf: º -- *~ --- |-- --> z --- w - *- º Liºn. º - l - goº:::: - *: - * ~ - - º 2- -T N ſ Z / - \ ºf . º º - -- §§ * w ----- º ~ z * | º *- º- ſº -- ºr º § - - ºf ºnº w - - ~~. -- _2~ - - - `---- | 2’ / / - - Qº * * * * * * * º: Nº. Sºugh ~ Lake Geiki.e. T----.” …” Z ſ - - Nº. º * º ºr º-º-º- º ºn- ºr-º-º-º- - -------- _^_-tº- * ----- --------~ --- * | - 3. - - º -- ---- - N * hºnº º ºst- ºte 20" N - - - i`-- . 7 º' zº --" `--> - 2^ | - ºn- ºf - \ Jaſce ſºvo, 7 a.s. 512' - - - º - º ſ T-- sº tº * * 2-’ --" - &T _/ / - Nº- -- Nº" ºf ºfºº N - ! ~ - . ºrnay * º - J T_^_> / / / v - º * * * - 23.61%. choºl º *---- z / N N º a. º - *- º º º º 2. …” …” - N. & -- pare kelvi. * \ p | o / r e d !/ -- - Lake Kelvin - N 2. , -º- / …” A Nº. º, / / z N-" - / A TN—- - º . º *. Z / z N -º-º-º-º- º ºne º Pºº- // A \. ~ N - Por 12 ch * *;" Chºde Z / - / Z N N - jºr / / …” *- : ºfe and nºt ºd. ºn ºn was a wº %: 2. / z TN -º- - * - / Z …” - ge Mººrºº ºlhº -- - J - º *- Z / …” N ºn-ºn-ºn - - - -> < * \ º * ... - ... tº powe Mºuntain • * : / 2^--------. \ - -- º-ºº- - - - --- º --º- / _2~ - - ~~~~~~ - ºve tº ºnes * T-s -12. Nº. 2. / 2T - NJ "… TN ſ --- - L- -- | - N - 2" *--~ _/ ! tº gº onºska Lake \\ º \r * - _* *-- - 50.36 - - *- - - * - | {}}E YIAHP º º Nº. | \ | `--- _- - * - - ºv - --- -- * w * A. - -- - 4 Oſºſ)(CH3CAſ a - º fººd hºnºenaerocºs º ~ -- T - . . -A Maº º Sºl N. \ >> - _^ gnetic pºon | º la- º \ \ N --~~~~ _^ ºpout 20°30′W. || Mººrºº - - ... ." i of the ana ºn awa, whº tº gº ºn… \ \ - _^ ſ - | ºw tº º N ~~ \ ><^ B \ SN ºf SN º * (*. \ N. - . --- . - ſſ) - - - Mºve ºupinº --- *- - - C i ( ) ſ A yy Q Y - º \ = *-- J D A. S5 lſ Nſ (0 Nſ ſ * T A y º N R | WE R. ho-º. ºdºrº º º | A *. \ Tº - — —- - -- - - sº - [. - - \ . N- *- --- _--~ - | & 4 * Z \ \ ` - || -- ~~ --- - - w - ! *** *-ºn- * / Z - * > Z \ N | Sº- N- ſ \ \ : y - º Z --~ Tº * \ N I 1. HWESTERN QUEBEC tºº --- > < v l - ~~~~ C’ \ > < \ | | - | \ \ ! | send Nº. \ \ N - N | ºney nº and hoºtenºe- \ * - - - --- | ~ - --- \ - - - - - – ~ i Lady B - I Lº - - ºlº ºne- - t * \ - - Z - Lake ned and ºneº- Y ! To illustrate report by w º \ 2 * / -/ J ſ º º - --> Z º z º | ſº "… 4. ºn-º-º: *) L-T / º z’sº - - --- - -* - - - º' º - V. 2- *-- ſ º - - a' ~ i ROBERT BELL Sc.D. (c.,...) M.D., LLD, FRS. --- 9 º \ _2^ s …/. --- : - 2. -- \ | 2^ * * º ºt. º -º-º-º: º | - - - º ( / º * | – ` º: -- --- - - --- –27| \ - i v_{i, - r * *- * * , * * \ id \ I 2. - - - | " . . - - - / / Lºº;',: - º'" .. N \ / 50° | - - *A/ --- ...”. - - tº º ſ” ..., Upper ote tº N -S ( *ena. f | -- …” : Natural Scale ºoo J ſº . A ŽSS º "tºtl: ; Lake \ \---º, 2’ 2 T | - - | ; / -*. - Missive grº (º | N. * I've'ſ ſº - Z º --- º - - ! J - º - º \ N Y --~~ || -- * sº 2" / º ºf . 0. ºve Mus Lake -- W … . . - -> º/N", \ N Bº Buck Hil-L- º …” K. --→T | - }^ º - % w - T- * --> º - º º 2. --- -- - º º * Narrows - --T) > * Yº ſ \ Fºssº) & ..” - - - - - ~ - - w -- - Scale 10 statute miles to 1 inch s * - / Yi. \ º - : ºº ... ºl. º 5 o 10. 20 30 - - º, º w \ / ) ºf . A." ſ > *--- ... ... Operat C-CE-E-F-I-H-E- -: I- == - - - -- - --- -- - -- -------- s Jºº Y -jº- - - - - ~ **". --- - º 660 " A. N º A Middte Gº!" \,. - - Compized from survey's made &y Messrs. -Z/ºchardson. fºszcz-zz/ - Lake M. ºf Krasz. *Zºetz (.887-96/AA’zow (7834-35) wazºeae ºzz-zºzower wenzºroccº.326) 2. \ of the Gºodø/cº-ºwner, from officiazzºans of surveys wºre/erºonzzanº / *4, 4/-wrº Z.Zººsseſ. (Zºº) //ºneſ. (Zºzºz//03//w//X299) | CAE'ſ errorzee /*28-fººtagºon of her arºorººzes. __” Geological hearinºs azz refer to the true merizran. __Q. - sº G w// - - - - - - º º * - º * * * Z., 1. Index to colours and signs. z. tºº. . Mr Lauries { Lake W. A. S. A. º, sº ºn dº - º --- */ ºccº º 3- $ __* =º - w - * ** -- º - - Huronian gº - vº I A , cº - T § - cºa Bº. ºº * - - - - - - º - º: - *** arxase, Zzzazzezze, ed., - s: %. > S - - º - |Y = - W - . . . . | r . |S &º Waswartipi Bras coup” º º2% - - º - on º * $ Laurentian. º, Lct/ce L.J. Bras ºſ; * * 30. - - º - - - +->— - * Magnetic Declination 22 --> - - - L. Hous 1 E. MTN.S. --- º - S \ #. 15. W. Sept. 1894. S Grzezsses. | …” Lºerºtofu'. º --- 680 N ºff O.Szczºvazz/ º - | *- — -" - ---------- ***** a 2 º'er ar. ...” * 1- - c ..… T º --> * **. º --- e ” rºº s I | * * º >º . s $neous - tº hetehºaº Rapid. º º > -- --- --- - - - - º - -- º Grzzzzzzes. : cº- º -- -Tº - ſº Lake Jordan dºº- - - - _*- . - | - * ... Taitºr. | - - º -- º …” ºx" C. - - - - Sº 574. º º º 2 I- --- 2. ~2 * > Presleiterrºtika .*. º 2*- - **Nikača, Iºke ſº a 2^ - º - - * Lance 2 - : s 11-n Zºozºte, ºzorºase, eſc. - * ... gº" / º ºn º: sº tºº ºf 7+ yº." - º R. Fathers Lake § in." s” - ---. \\ "º - Z. ºr. ** º 799' - - sº - -7 -- - º º º - - 'º. - }- / N. %, º & - - - º - * --~~~ - > * -$7,7/e crazz/ zºo \ - - | ry º ºe ºneº 5 -- - ^ *- <> - - / * \ - - *** - º > < *. 2^ ſº *-- / w ºw ** *ge º te. ~ ~ - Z Ş |- ºney tº ºt - .5/rºe. N.T. . * 2°º of ..…. Nº. Good ºx Lºd jºjº * * * Pºp wº- º, º - `s G/actor/ servae. \º *º º ". - Indian ºve V2. º' fº : N. sº &/ Sº, ". - - A - • ? - - 1200 Zºzhas in fºet above sea /eye/. `ss º- - sº § ſ ºf; T ^- a .. * …" Z Z Nº, >1/ § º | - - ~~ Z ºneer, scºre --- Geo/ogica/, forwazzarºes. | *N-. / $/ Sº \ º *...* - v º - … W. º. 23 º' --- "… - S. º - --- - z/ºffo, zzzzz!efºrmed’. | ºn º º º - º غ Pºrt rºshiya ----- º T-_ º ". º' stºº ſº. º º - - --- | -- ſº -- Cº. º, al., X-ſº f *ke. * ºt - - 49° T - - --- - --- - - Chate -- --- - - Cº-ºº. º/ ºr. - -------- poſ: ---- I 733; fºr .. - * ºlº --- - - - -* - ſ - º - ſº.. º Nort H - ºr ALndian grave | - -- º º - \ - - º º º ...” º º Wetetnagami \ -*. º ...with ‘’” *" º: Quake \ "... ." N U r e x p O r e d - \ - *- :--, -a- Branº" - + Indian grave º I AM - T ºr $2 º -* U n e | º ~ - - / - ºzº --- - X I p | O r e d Rºsº - * / - - -- - - / >~ I -- / \ - - - ºne- º / \ ºlºtº ºf º º, S > *owan, Tºº / Rapiº. - - - - * / -* - - - - - –2 | | - ºf ºn- - - - ---º., vow *...* / Pºſsive 3. } Abitibi Post -- I º-º-º: mº º, , Paid - ſº º Cº s - * ~ | º r - p º," | Obid tra, % - --- - w º - - --- - - - ! Z350 ſ, ſº. - | & ask: * * ºrey ºness --- º ſº | * f º, mº Zºº. - ** / |Gwam | 3 ( Ashpahanka - / Shanºma s } } ~ º § *~ Lake #. scode. - "...aº | / - -- § | ºt. Pººkaga.” - . º Sº ; : är. w ` ºned pºº. º º ſº. º º S. "… *. *- ºrº - § \ º - - - - * | *-48% ^ - - - º: - - * N º \ - º < º ºpwoºd º Wotirº ºr a tº º ^ --- . - -- * * Lake $ ^- +. - - - - --- Port age * - \ º º, } --- l * | | º * - { }} * , . * ºn * A } | | º - *** : - -- - ` ſºfa. - - - * ... --- º Chapel) Ap .. > * †";" º º gº Nipple - & \ *::: lsº * 1: e. 7. - Hill -- - \ ab.co. Porº- | L. º | - / source. of the \ º/ º -º- sº - - º --- - - - cu. - - ºl---- ºf A / . lſº - Sºſaurice River */ º fºx. 2... - - - _ w - w y }ºdowagashing \ Oswalºo L. sº 3–3.3 \ Q • *. Sºº--~~ *** **, *, *. N \! N. - \ - º N take - .* ** \ ºntº -- * * * …” º!" * | Apor. w --- - - \ --- - * - fever" - \ º, ſº \ - - JT, \ Cºrsº sº. ** - º | - ºpor. * ob..…, zaka Nº. 2 o Kºrºio//w | - | \ - -- ska Lake. º Lake (; | Great Beaver | - \ - 882". - - As | N. Lake | º s 2- ** - / - - - - River º T-- - | - --- cº-º-º-º- - ** - / --- - | º º - º {\ ku,” *º-> * ~ , Z --- - / * * * ºr - ºr. - SS ++. \ / --- º º - * Tºº, 1. ~ || - - W. - _-- - - sources of the º / º --- T. dº...ºf 2-hº, atting | | *. / r L-T N w - N Lake - J. §2. / ºr, --~ --- ~ ** zº *" | Nºjº" + º Nº. Z ºney ºa º ºs .L.--" N . . . S- -i- - - - - Nº. Z - / 3. ** - º -- " - º/” º º z - & sorºr f *.. - º * * º - 7 l. / - * *~! —T- DY- Aſ. ” ". . --. ºłº - A Matchi-manito ~ - * 52. Nº. º º | --- lº’ſ cºrrºccº www ºver- **. º Stºrtorºlº - º I - --~ * ºr t - -"ºº-Hº-- - - * : º ºg r º - # tº - - - --~ º 2- ~ 48 \ zºº - -Hº- - - - --- º ** º º *…* 3. Shoshok 53. - \ - alce sº mºus |º sº. º - ---...- ... I º - ge - " _2^ - "... - - NPor. º-º-º-º-º-º-º: - * *" ºr " º: --~~ ſº - -* > - º e Chr- stopherson - * Fº - ~ * * Lake r - ſ's - *~ ºu. º - - *U250 - - - - Nº. ~. zº- - 3& - *~ º irº - º º *::::: º Y ~ * ºffº º * - : º º r. - - -º- . ºx: * Ø --~~ *~ 2. ºf Wºusa’ar. ſ ióðūT.A.! * Lake º º - - º º zº Ž ** N Expºse }, ke - * , - p__." * - Fº Sources - 'sassawatisi - - º - t P & O N | T. - uſ N H A { Tac des Quinze |- - ~. - Mºgº TDeelination - - 11°30′W Apl. 1893. - - (ZoºZºº, ^. - º - §º" - #' ſº º %. *- - - ?? º - - |L*L**** **- *— º ... Buru Bay {985': Mºgº Declination * *. Q NLake sº 79°30 * *ſº º-º. *W. Jan. 1893. - - § ;º º - 7.) 78°30 - - - 2 * * Kºva”) - - d ºf $º is - Longitude west fro - º ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - *—º - - Lº–l (ſ- - *— - *****, *.*.*c. Geºrwº-achier draughtsman. - - In Greenwich. 76°30 76." ºr 30 - 1.W. Richard, B.A.se, pro**tsman. - - - - 7% accorrºwavºy Part K. Vol. XII/. -- *** No. 702 *, º Price 10 cas. No. 7 O2- Fart K. s”* 2 *, * QUEBEC BASIN OF NOTTAWAY RIVER, Explanation of Colours Erupt ive Pizzºzººe | Wordmarkite Essex ºf e Sedimentary Cambro-Silurian Cambrian Archaean //wronwon tº (ºrological Surucu of Canada ROBER BELL, Sc.D., ſcanlaby LL.D., M.D., F.R.S., ACTING DIRECTOR. Lº ()2. | | | - - - - - | || || | \ | | | .. Knott Corners * flºwn Lake N º s º 1584 ft. º-a -- rºº sea-level º º Morrºs iſ 12. MºCutcheon Corn º º ºn s - E. N. T. R. º - º: * is at ft. nº -- ---a -- | Sea level C F O.S.S. - S E C T ON A Low G L / Nº C-D Co. seneca/ /?, 1...ſc. Geogrº/ºr and Cºer Zºrazºº/*man. 1. Wººdrz º.º.º. Pravºsman. Geological and Petrographic al Plan antil Sections of SH E F F O R D M O U N TA | N SHEFFORD COUNTY, QUE. yeaſe 40 chaºn's ſo / ºr c/. º º --> 20 30 --- -º º zo º - lºo. 1-10 lso chains. *Hºº-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º-º:*-*—º"-" To illustrate report bv Jo HN A. Dº Ess Ett M.A. ---------------------------------- - ſo accompany Port J. Wo X/. Nº. 777 Price Ideents C, F tº dº No. 777. - Fart L. : *, QUEBEC PLAN AND SECTIONS OF SBIEFFORD MOUNTAIN, ‘’*