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JULIA WARD HOWE'S
PEACE CRUSADE
O ONE rejoiced more over the great recent advances of
peace movement than Julia Ward Howe. One chapter of
twenty in her “Reminiscences” is entitled A Woman's
ce Crusade. It deals with an episode in her life too gen-
ly forgotten, but is the story of one of the most impres-
efforts in a life so crowded with great and noble efforts.
the terrible Franco-Prussian War broke out; and while it
still in progress, Mrs. Howe tells us t, she was visited
a sudden feeling of the cruel and unnecessary character of
contest. “It seemed to me,” she wrote, “a return to bar-
ism, the issue being one that might easily have been settled
hout bloodshed. The question forced itself upon me, Why
not the mothers of mankind interfere in these matters, to
vent the waste of that human life of which they alone bear
know the cost? I had never thought of this before. The
ust dignity of motherhood and its terrible responsibility now
eared to me in a new aspect, and I could think of no better
y of expressing my sense of these than that of sending forth
appeal to womanhood throughout the world.” She imme-
tely drew up such an appeal, imploring women the world
er to awake to their sacred rights and duties to protect
man life from the frightful ravages of war. She called upon
ose women in whose hearts her appeal found response to
sist her in calling and holding a congress of women in
Dndon, to Organize a holy Crusade of women against the war
stem. She had the appeal translated into French, Spanish,
alian, German, and Swedish, and distributed copies of it far
I
as hardly five years af - the close of the Civil War
\ C. C &
, LL (~
Nº A-






2 JULIA WARD HOWE'S PEACE CRUSADE
and wide, devoting two years almost entirely to correspon
upon the Subject with the leading women in various count
She held two meetings in New York, at which the caus
peace and the ability of women to promote it were ear
presented. To the first of these meetings, in the late au
of 187 o, Mr. Bryant came and spoke; and at the se
David Dudley Field, the great advocate of international
tration, made a powerful address. In the spring of the
1872, Mrs. Howe went to England to work personally for
holding of a woman’s peace Congress in London. In Live
she was welcomed by Mrs. Josephine Butler, who told her
she had come at a fortunate moment, as the public mind
at the time greatly stirred by the cruel immoralities of a
life, and who gave her the names of the Winkworths and O
friends of peace in London who would welcome and help
William Henry Channing was at the time in London, and
had much aid and counsel from him in her “Woman’s A
tolate of Peace,” as she afterwards named it. Through C
ning’s good Offices she was invited to present her caus
the public banquet of the Unitarian Association in Londor
which Sir John Bowring and Athanase Coquerel were
present. She had already attended the anniversary meetin
the English Peace Society, and had asked for permission
speak there, which had been denied her on the ground
women had never spoken at these meetings. Finding but li
encouragement from existing Societies in London, she deci
to hire a hall on her own account for Sunday afternoon m
ings. She found One that suited her at the Freemas
Tavern, and there she spoke on five or six Sundays, with a g
attendance throughout. Meantime she came into touch
sonally in England with Frances Power Cobbe, Miss Clou
Mary Carpenter, and other noble women. She went to see
Duchess of Argyll, who received her pleasantly, but did
interest herself much in the plan for a woman’s peace c
gress, and reminded her that St. Paul had said, “I suffer no
woman to teach.” She replied, “Yes; but remember in anot

JULIA WARD HOWE'S PEACE CRUSADE 3
place he says that a woman may prophesy wearing a veil.”
She received many invitations to address meetings in various
parts of England, and spoke in Birmingham, Manchester,
Leeds, Bristol, and Carlisle. She went to Cambridge and visited
Professor J. R. Seeley, the famous author of “ Ecce Homo,”
who lent a kind ear to her plea for a combination of women in
behalf of peace. Before the beginning of her Sunday services
in London she went to Paris, by invitation of Aaron Powell of
New York, to attend a peace congress as a delegate. She pre-
sented her credentials and asked leave to speak. With some
embarrassment she was told that she might speak to the officers
of the society when the public meeting was adjourned, and in a
side room she simply told the story of her endeavors to enlist
the sympathies and efforts of women in the cause. She felt the
whole tone of the congress to be timid, and her stay in Paris
was brief.
Her final meeting in London, to which all her other efforts
were intended to lead up, was held in St. George's Hall. Mr.
and Mrs. Jacob Bright sat with her on the platform, and Sir
John Bowring, then an old man, spoke at some length. The
attendance was good, but the meeting was by no means what
Mrs. Howe had hoped it might be. “ The ladies who spoke in
public in those days,” she says, “ mostly confined their labors
to the advocacy of woman suffrage and were not much inter-
ested in my scheme of a world-wide protest of women against
the cruelties of war.” Two sisters of John Bright aided her
in various ways, and through their instrumentality the money
which she had expended in the hire of halls was returned to
her. But altogether her peace Crusade had but a small meas-
ure of the coöperation and success she had hoped for, and she
returned disappointed to Boston. Here, however, she did not
remit her efforts. She had desired to institute a festival which
should be observed as Mothers’ Day and be devoted to the ad-
vocacy of peace. She chose for this the second day of June,
because it was in the season of flowers and a good time for
Outdoor meetings, and had some Success in Carrying Out the plan.
4 JULIA WARD HOWE'S PEACE CRUSADE
In Boston she held the Mothers’ Day meetings for quite a num-
ber of years; and the day was also observed in other places,
once or twice as far away as Constantinople, and often in places
nearer home, – in Philadelphia, certainly, by One association
down to ten years ago, if not even to the present time. It
seems a sort of prophecy of our present May 18 celebrations.
Some time after her crusade in England, Mrs. Howe joined
the American Peace Society; later she became a member of its
board of directors; and at the time of her death she had been
for many years one of its vice presidents. None who were
present will forget her two brief addresses at the International
Peace Congress in Boston in 1904. One was devoted to em-
phasizing the thought that the peace movement stood for
justice. To her, as to Dr. Hale, justice was the holy word to
emphasize; and she rejoiced that the newly established Hague
Tribunal would bring this home to the public mind. The other
address was a brief rehearsal of the story of her peace crusade
in England told at length in her “Reminiscences”; and the
story was told again, yet more impressively, in the letter which
she sent to the National Peace Congress in New York in 1907,
and which was read there, at the great women’s meeting, by
her daughter, Mrs. Hall. In this letter she speaks with intense
feeling of the force of the conviction which impelled her to her
peace Crusade in 1872. She says: “I cried aloud, ‘If the women
of the world would unite their efforts to prevent resort to
arms, no more blood would be shed upon the battlefield I
felt this so strongly that it seemed as though I had only to
express my conviction to rally around me the mothers of
mankind.”
Impressively in her letter of 1907 does she emphasize the
fact that it was her consuming desire to unite the women of
the world in opposition to the war system, which had been the
mainspring of her devotion to the higher education of women
and the spread of women’s clubs. Rejoicing over the great
achievements of the generation she exclaimed, “The noble
army of women which I saw as in a dream, and to which I
JULIA WARD HOWE'S PEACE CRUSADE 5
made my appeal, has now come into being ”; and to this noble
army she made her new appeal for decisive service in the last
great Campaign in the war against war. “If we have rocked
the cradle, have soothed the slumber of mankind, let us be
on hand at this great awakening, to make steadfast the peace
Of the world.” i>
It is well for us in this hour, when she has left us, in the time
which, as she truly says, is now ripe for the great peace crusade
of women for which the world of 1872 was not ready, to
remember again, more gratefully and more seriously, her
solemn “Appeal to Womanhood throughout the World.”
With growing confidence as the years went on she repeated her
prophetic appeal; and it is now for the women of America,
whom she believed at last equal to the task, to obey the call
and fulfill the prophecy. I should be glad to see a portrait of
Mrs. Howe hung in Faneuil Hall, as I should be glad to see
a statue of Dr. Hale — not as a lame old man, but in the
inspiring fullness of his powers — in the right public place in
Boston. But the most fitting memorial of such inspiring leaders
is always Some great activity which perpetuates their inspi-
ration. I should like to see the American Federation of
Women’s Clubs, I should like to see the National Council of
Women, lead in the creation of a Julia Ward Howe Peace Fund
of a hundred thousand dollars, – I wish that it might be ten
times that, and I wish that the England to which she went on
her holy Crusade might share in the work, - to be used, under
the direction of the noble leaders of the organized women of
America who have caught her vision, in carrying out the high
purpose which was nearest to her heart.
When Mrs. Howe died, her old-time friend and co-worker
in the cause of freedom and the cause of peace, John T.
Trowbridge, wrote these lines:
She sang the Battle Hymn that rings
Down the long corridors of time;
Her lifelong human service sings
Of Peace, an anthem more sublime.
6 JULIA WARD HOWE'S PEACE CRUSADE
Beneath her portrait in the report of the great New York
Peace Congress are printed the following lines by Frederick
Lawrence Knowles, with motive almost the same :
Lady who lovest and who livest Peace,
And yet did'st write Earth's noblest battle song
At Freedom's bidding, — may thy fame increase
Till dawns the warless age for which we long.
Her fame is secure. It is for the women of America, to
whose advancement she devoted her life, to perpetuate and
extend her influence in the directions which to her were most
important and most imperative. EDWIN D. MEAD
December, I 9 Io
wORLD PEACE FOUNDATION
(Formerly the International School of Peace)
PAMPHILET SERIES
THE MISSION OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE
CAUSE OF PEACE. By Hon. DAvi D. J. BREw ER t
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THE RESULTS OF THE TWO HAGUE CONFERENCES
AND THE DEMANDS UPON THE THIRD CON-
FERENCE. By EDw1N D. MEAD
EDUCATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS PROMOTING INTER—
NATIONAL FRIENDSHIP. By Mrs. LucIA AMES MEAD
THE WASTE OF MILITARISM
From the Report of the Massachusetts Commission on the Cost of Living
SOME SUPPOSED JUST CAUSES OF WAR
By Hon. JACKSON H. RALSTON
WAR NOT INEVITABLE. By Hon. JoHN W. FostER
THE GRANGE AND PEACE
Report adopted by the National Grange, 1909
A’or free dis/ribution
A rice ºn gzzazzāities, $3.oo /er hundred copies
WO RLD PEACE FOUNDATION
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