GIFT OF
GEORGE C. MAHON, Esq.,
TO THE LIBRARY OF THE
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN.
JE
SUIS PRET
Lord Farnham.
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937.3
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AN
32325-
HISTORY
OF
IRELAND,
From the Year 1599, to 1603.
With a fhort Narration of the State of
the Kingdom from the Year 1169.
To which is added, A
DESCRIPTION
O F
IRELAND.
By FYNES MORYSON, Gent.
Secretary to the Lord Mountjoy, then Lord Deputy.
VOL. II.
DV BLIN:
Printed by S. POWELL
For GEORGE EWING, at the Angel and Bible
in Dame-ftreet, Bookfeller, M DCC XXXV.
THE
REBELLION
1
OF
HUGH, Earl of Tyrone, &c.
A Continuation of BooK II. CHA P. II.
Of the befieging of the Spaniards at Kinfale, with
the Delivery of the Town to the Lord Deputy,
and their Return into Spain in the fame Year
1601.
T
HE 13th Day of November, 1601, our
Fleet recovered the Mouth of Kinfale
Harbour, but could not get in, the Wind
being ſtrong against them. The 14th
Day the Fleet with much Difficulty warped in,
VOL. II.
A
and
2 MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II.
1
and recovered the Harbour, whence the Admiral
and Vice-Admiral came to the Lord Deputy at the
Camp. This Night and the next Day the 2000
Foot fent under Captains in the Queen's Ships
were landed and came to the Camp: And the 15th
Day in the Afternoon the Lord Deputy went
aboard the Ships, whence returning to the Camp,
the Enemy difcerned him riding in the Head of
a Troop of Horfe, and made a Shot out of the
Town at him, which grazed ſo near him that it
did beat the Earth in his Face. In theſe Ships
were fent unto us not only Artillery and Munition,
but alſo fpecial Officers to attend the fame, as 5
Cannoneers, 2 Black-fmiths, 2 Wheel-wrights,
and 2 Carpenters. This Day the Lord Deputy
was advertiſed, that according to his former Di-
rection Sir Chriftopher St. Laurence was come out
of the Pale, and the Earl of Clanrickard out of
Connaught, to the Lord Prefident's Camp, to
whom his Lordſhip wrote that if the Rebels
fhould flip by him he ſhould be careful to come
up
with his Forces to our Camp, fo as he might
arrive there to join with us before the Rebels
came up fo far. The Queen's Ships, after they
had faluted the Lord Deputy at his going aboard
with thundring Peals of Ordnance, had Direction
the next Day to beat upon a Caſtle in the Ifland,
called Castle Nypark, which the Lord Deputy was
refolved to make his next Work, and to beat the
Spaniards out of it, and fo to inveft the Town
on that Side: this fome of the Ships performed,
and brake the top of the Caftle, but finding that
they did it no greater Hurt, and that the Weather
was extreme ftormy, they ceafed fhooting. This
Day his Lordship gave Direction that the roɑ
Horfe and 1000 Foot which firft landed at Caftle
Haven, and now were arrived from thence in the
Harbour of Kinfale, ſhould be conducted to Cork
to refresh themfelves, for being beaten at Sea,
I
and
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
..
and now landed in extreme Weather, and in a
Winter Camp where they had no Means to be
refreshed, they began to die, and would have been
loft or made unferviceable if this Courſe had not
been taken to hearten them. This Day and for
many Days after divers Spaniards ran from the
Town to us, by whom we underſtood that in the
10th Day's Skirmish the above-named Capt. Soto,
a Man of ſpecial Account, was flain.
The 17th Day the Weather continued ftormy,
fo as neither that Day nor the next we could
land our Ordnance or do any thing of Moment,
yet becauſe this was the Day of her Majefty's
Coronation, which his Lordship purpoſed to fo-
lemnize with ſome extraordinary Attempt if the
Weather would have fuffered us to look abroad;
we fent at Night, when the Storm was fomewhat
appeafed, the Serjeant-Major and Capt. Bodley,
with fome 400 Foot, to difcover the Ground a-
bout Castle Nypark, and to ſee whether it might
be carried with the Pick-ax, which was accord-
ingly attempted; but the Engine we had gotten
to defend our Men while they were to work be-
ing not fo ftrong as it fhould have been, they
within the Caftle having Store of very great
Stones on the Top, tumbled them down fo faft as
they broke it, ſo that our Men returned with the
Lofs of two Men, and proceeded no further in
that Courſe.
The 18th Day the Lord Deputy called a Council
both of the Council of Ireland, and of all the
Colonels and chief Officers of the Field, and pro-
pounded to them, that fince it had pleaſed her
Majefty fo graciouſly to fupply us with the Mat-
ter and Provifions for the War, it was our Parts
to adviſe of ſuch a Form as might be moſt likely
to bring forth an Effect not unworthy her Princely
Care. Firſt, our Strength and Means to attempt
the Place, or continue the Siege, were tho-
A 2
roughly
4
MORYSON'S History Book II.
con-
roughly confidered, and next the Numbers and
Commodities of the Enemy in the Town, and of
their Succours abroad. The Commodities and In-
commodities of proceeding with Expedition, or
by keeping them from all Relief, were thorough-
ly difputed; and in the End it was
cluded, that the foundeſt Courſe were to uſe all
Means to inveft them as fpeedily as we might,
by poffeffing ourſelves of all they held without the
Town, and next to mount our Artillery in ſuch
Places where it might annoy them moft, and by
breaking down their Houfes to expoſe them to
the fame Extremities of Cold and Rain as we
were expoſed to in the Camp, by which Means
they might be reduced to a greater Weakneſs,
and then be forced with much lefs Hazard, fince
when it comes to the Point of entering of a
Breach there is little or no Difference between a
ftrong Town and a weak, for the Befieged in
either do wholly truft to their new and fudden
Works, which the Enemy within had as good
Opportunity to do in this Place as in any other,
and had yet (of our Knowledge) fo many Hands
to fight, as that the Advantage would chiefly
have been his.
The 19th Day a demy Cannon was unfhipped
affoon as it was calm, and placed on this Side of
the Water, which play'd moſt Part of the Day
upon the Castle Nypark, being a great Relief to
the Befieged, and brake many Places, but made no
Breach that was affaultable. In the Night, they
of the Town attempted to relieve the Caftle by'
Boats, but were repelled by Capt. Tolkerne and
Capt. Ward, who lay with their Pinnaces between
the Ifland and the Town.
Hitherto nothing could poffibly be attempted
againſt the Town more than had been done: For
confidering that the Numbers of the Defendants
not only equalled, but by all Report, exceeded
the
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
5
the Number of the Befiegers, yea, exceeded them
far after the Lord Prefident was fent from the
Camp to meet Tyrone with 2100 Foot and 320
Horie,) and confidering that if we had undertaken
the carrying of Approaches, with a Purpoſe to
batter, the whole Army muft either have been
tired with watching Night and Day without
Shelter in tempeftuous Weather, or difgracefully
have forfaken the Work, or (to ſay the bett) in-
curred the Hazard of Fight in Places of Difad-
vantage with an expert Enemy: And confidering
that the Country stood upon fuch fickle Terms,
and fo generally ill affected to our Side, that
almoſt the leaft Blow, which in the doubtful E-
vent of War might have lighted upon us, would
have driven them headlong into a general Revolt;
and further, that our Army confifted for a third
Part (at the leaft) of Irish, who being not fit to
make good an entrenched Camp, and much leſs
fit to give upon a Breach, would, without que-
ftion, either preſently have quitted us, or turned
their Weapons against us if the Spaniards had had
any Hand over us; and confidering that in all
found Judgment this little Army (which was to
be the Soul of that Body that ſhould oppoſe itſelf
againſt theſe Invaders and Rebels) was by all pof-
fible Means to be preferved as much as might be,
and not at all ventured but with manifeft Affurance
to prevail. Theſe things, with other like Cir-
cumſtances, confidered, what could there be more
done during the time that we wanted our Supplies
and Seconds but to affure our Camp with careful
Watches againſt Sallies or Surprizes of the Ene-
my, and to inveft them from Succours or Relief,
not omitting in the mean time to provide what-
foever might be needful for the Bufinefs in Hand,
the meeting with all Inconveniencies, and the
taking of all Advantages upon the Enemy's Guards
without the Town, for which Purpofe divers
Skirmishes
A 3
6
MORYSON'S History Book II,
Skirmishes were made with very good Succefs on
our Part.
The Lift of the Army at Kinfale the 20th of No-
vember.
The Foot of the Lift the 27th of October, are
6900.
The Companies drawn fince that Lift from
other Parts of the Kingdom to Kinfale Camp.
Sir Francis Ruf, 150. Capt. Maſterſon, 150.
Capt. Thomas Butler, 100. Sir Richard Greame,
100, Capt. Toby Caulfield, 150. Sir Chriftopher
St. Laurence, 150. Sir Henry Harrington, 100.
Sir Samuel Bagnol, 150, Sir Edward Herbert,
100. Sir William Warren, 100. Sir Edward
Fitzgarret, 100. Sir Tybbot Dillon, 100. Sir Gar-
ret Moore, 100. Capt. Lionel Gueft, 150. Capt.
Malby, 150. The Earl of Glanrickard, 150. Sir
Thomas Bourke, 150, Capt. Clare, 150. Capt.
Thomas Bourke, 100. Capt. Laurence Efmond,
159. Sir George Bourcher, ioo. Foot 2650.
Companies fent in the Queen's Ships under Cap-
tains, viz.
Capt. Sheffield, 100. Capt. Norton, 100. Capt.
Henry Fortescue, 100. Capt. Bret, 100. Capt.
Lower, 100. Capt. Chatterton, 100. Capt. Do-
rington, 100. Capt. Crompton, 100. Capt. Gil-
bert, 100. Capt. Wade, 100. Sir Anthony Cook,
150. Sir Alexander Clifford, 150. Capt. Lane,
100. Capt. Wadnol, 100. Capt. Blundel, 100.
Capt. May, 100. Capt. Wynn, 100. Capt. Ken-
rick, 100. Capt. Butler, 100. Foot 2000.
Of the 1000 Foot landed at Caftle-haven with
the Earl of Thomond, and the 1000 Foot landed at
Waterford
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
7
Waterford with Sir Anthony Cook, having no Cap-
tains, but being left to the Lord Deputy's Dif-
pofal, 1350 were diftributed among the Captains,
to ſupply the deficient Numbers in their feveral
Companies, and the reft were divided into theſe
following Companies increaſing the Lift.
Sir Garret Harvey, 150. Capt. Henry Barkley,
150. Capt. Roberts, 150. Capt. Boyfe, 100.
Capt. Henfloe for Pioneers, 100. Foot 650.
Total of Foot, 12200.
Hereof in the old Lift taken out for a dead
Company kept for the Earl of Defmond, 100.
Take now out abfent Sir George Thornton in
Garriſon at Kilmallock, Capt. Gawen Harvey in
Garriſon at Limrick, and Capt. Trever (reckoned
before, but not coming hither, who ſtayed about
the Newry, as I remember,) 300.
So the Total of Foot is 11800.
Of theſe not diftributed into Regiments.
For
For Attendance of the Munition, Sir George
Bourcher, Maſter of the Ordnance, 100.
Pioneers, Capt. Henfloe, 100. Foot, 200.
Foot diftributed into eleven Regiments under Com-
mand of the Lord Deputy, Lord Prefident, and
nine Colonels.
Under the Lord Deputy, commanded by his
Lieutenant Sir Benjamin Berry, 1400. Under the
Lord Prefident, 1100. Under the Earl of Clan-
rickard, 1000. Under the Earl of Thumond, 1000.
Under the Lord Audley, 900. Sir Richard Percy,
950. Sir Richard Moryfon, 1100. Sir Charles
Wilmot, 1000. Sir Oliver St. John, 1050. Sir
A 4
Henry
8
MORYSON'S History Book II.
Henry Folliot, 105o. Sir Chriftopher St. Laurence,
1050. Foot, 11600.
Total of Foot, 11800.
Out of thefe Regiments was raiſed a Squadron
Volante (or flying Regiment) which only was to
anſwer Alarms, and to be freed of all Watches,
and to the fame Sir Henry Power was appointed
Colonel, and Capt. Boftock his Lieutenant. The
feveral Companies of this Squadron are theſe.
Out of the Lord Deputy's Regiment, Sir
Richard Wingfield Marshal, 150. Sir John Bark-
ley, Serjeant Major, 200.
Out of the Lord Prefident's Regiment, Capt.
Saxey, 100.
Out of the Lord Audley's Regiment, the Trea-
furer's Lieutenant, 100.
Out of Sir Charles Wilmot's Regiment, Capt.
Nufe, 100.
Out of Sir Henry Folliot's Regiment, Capt. Jo-
fias Bodley, 150.
Out of Sir Oliver St. John's Regiment, Capt.
Bostock, 100.
Out of the Earl of Clanrickard's Regiment,
Capt. Laurence Efmond, 150. Foot, 1050.
Horfe in the Army at Kinfale.
Take out of the Lift made the 27th of October,
Sir Edward Harbert, 12; and Capt. George
Greame 12, and 30 of Mafter Marthal's (other-
where imployed, and now abfent from the Camp,)
and the whole Lift is 557.
Horfe called fince that time from other Parts in
the Kingdom to the Camp at Kinfale.
The Earl of Kildare, fo. Sir Oliver Lambert,
25. Sir Garret Moore, 25. Horle, 100.
Horfe
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
9
Horfe newly fent over and landed at Caftle-haven,
and at Waterford.
The Lord Prefident added to his Troop, so.
The Earl of Thomond a Troop newly erected, 100.
Sir William Godolphin (who commanded the Lord
Deputies Troop) had newly erected to his own
Ufe, so. Horfe, 200.
Total of Horfe, 857.
The 20th of November his Lordship underſtood
by Letters from the Lords in England, that 1000
Foot and ro Horfe were fent, and already fhip-
ped for Loughfoyle. The fame Day the demy-
Cannon planted the Day before, did again batter
Caftle Nypark, together with another Cannon this
Day landed, and planted by it: And with fome
Ordnance alfo out of the Ships, though they fer-
ved to ſmall Purpoſe. About Noon 100
Men were fent with Captain York and Captain
Smith, to view the Breach, and though they
found it not affaultable, yet the Spaniards with-
in being no longer able to indure the Fury of the
Shot, hung out a Sign of Parley upon the firſt
fhew of thoſe Men, and offered to yield
themſelves and the Caftle, upon promife of their
Lives only, which being accepted, they were
brought preſently to the Camp, being in Num-
ber 16 that were left alive.
Before the Caſtle was yielded, the Spaniards in
the Town made divers Shot at Captain Tolkernes
Pinnace with a Piece of Ordnance which they
mounted a Day or two before clofe to the Gate
of the Town, but did no hurt at all unto the
Pinnace, the fame warping nearer to the other
fide under the Hill, and at laft riding fafely without
danger of the Shot.
The
10
MORYSON'S History Book II.
The fame Day a Platform was made upon a
Ground of Advantange, being a ſtrong Rath, be-
tween the Town and the Camp, that command-
ed one Part of the Town, that under the Favour
thereof, we might the better make our nearer
Approaches, though at that time we could hard-
ly work, by reafon of the extream Froft, and a
demi-Cannon was mounted upon it, with which
fome Shot were made at the Town. A Sentinel
taken in the Evening affirmed, that the firft Piece
fhot off, went through the Houfe in which Don
Jean lay, and did otherwife great hurt. The 21ft
the Prifoners taken in Caſtle Nypark, and fome
Run-a-ways, were fent to Cork, with Directions
to the Major, to fend them and the former Pri-
foners by the first Ship into England, keeping
(of them) ftill at Cork only the Serjeant Major
(taken in Skirmifh), and the two Commanders of
the Caftles of Rincorran and Nypark. This Day
the Cannon and demi-Cannon, planted upon the
Platform, did play into the Town. And this
Day the Lord Deputy went over into the Ifland,
to view how from thence the Town might be
beſt annoyed and inveſted. And the Spaniards this
Day put out of the Town great Numbers of I-
rish Women, and Children, which came to the
Camp, and were fuffered to pafs into the Coun-
try to their Friends.
The 22d Day, one James Grace an Irishman,
obtaining the Lord Deputy's Protection, efcaped
out of the Town, and gave his Lordship this
Intelligence following. Six Irish Gentlemen
Horſemen came into the Town of Kinfale on Sun-
day the 15th of November, and one Owen Conde
came the fame Day, and they are all ready to go
out again, and Father Archer with them, to put
out the Country, if the Bishop will fuffer him.
Don Jean fays privately, that the Lord Deputy
was born in a happy Hour, for he will have the
Town,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
II
Town, unleſs they be relieved from the North.
They have nothing but Rusk and Water. They
have but four Pieces of Artillery, one fmall
Piece is at the Church-yard, one great and a ſmall
in James Meaghes Garden, and the other big-
geft of all is at the Water-gate, to play upon the
Thipping, and all four are mounted. The Spani-
ards were sooo by report at their fetting out
from Spain, they landed at Kinfale 3500, they
are yet 3000, there are
there are zoo fick and hurt in
the Hoſpitals, they loft 100 at Rincorran, and 17
and a Boy at Caftle Nypark. They had nine flain
when they offered to relieve the Čaftle, and five
when Captain Soto was flain. They had 34 Co-
lours abroad when they fhot into the Lord De-
puty's Camp, and that was all they had, and they
had then two Pieces, a great and a ſmall, and that
Day all the Townſmen were put out at the Gates,
that they might do no hurt with the Munition.
They fill the old Abbey at the Weft-gate with
Earth, that they may mount a great Piece there,
which they make account will command the
Ground where the English Battery is planted at
the North-gate, where the Mount is raiſed, yet
it is not likely they will mount any Ordnance
there, but rather keep it as a Hold. They have
ftore of Powder and Munition, which lies at
John Fitz Edmond's Caſtle, but they mean to re-
move it preſently, and put it in a Cellar within
the Town. Their Treafure lies at the Houſe
where Captain Boftock lay. They are much afraid the
Lord Deputy will place fome Ordnance at Ca-
tle Nypark, or thereabouts, which will much
annoy them: But most of all they fear the pla-
cing of it at a Place near the Water fide (where
fome were fent to feek Rods, not far from the
Place where the Skirmish was, when they falli-
ed), for which cauſe they raiſed their Mount, but
efpecially filled up the old Abbey, from whence
it
I 2
MORYSON'S History Book II.
it is beft commanded. Don Jean lies at Philip
Roche's. A fhot made from the English on Friday
at Night, hit the Houfe where Don Jean lay.
The Townimen will ftay no longer there, for
fear of the Shot, and then the Spaniards will be in
great Diftrefs. One went from Don Jean to Ty-
rone about nine Days ago to haften his coming,
the Man was blind of one Eye.
The fame Day the Lord Deputy received from
her Majeſty Direction, that for as much as the
County of Clare was of ancient time within the
Government or Precinct of the Province of
Munster, until of late it was annexed to the Pro-
vince of Connaught, which her Majefty under-
ftood was upon fome untrue Surmife made by
Commiffioners for Connaught, to the Grievance
and Diſlike of her Subjects of that County. That
the Lord Deputy and the Council there, fhould
ſpeedily confider of this Information, and if they
found it not evidently an Hindrance to her Ser-
vice, then they fpeedily fhould give order, that
by Revocation of the former Commiffioners and
Letters Patents for Government of theſe ſeveral
Provinces, and by granting new Commiffioners
of like Authority and Effect, and by all other
ways requifite in Law, the faid County of Clare
should be reunited and annexed unto the Province
of Munster, and be reduced under the Order and
Government of the Lord Prefident and Council
of Munter, which her Majefty was perfwaded
would be for the Advancement of her Service,
and the good liking of her loving Subjects in
thoſe Parts.
The fame 22d Day four Pieces were planted by
the Cannon and demi-Cannon, which altogether
played into the Town, one of which Shot killed
four Men in the Market Place, and ftruck off a
Captain's Leg, called Don John de Saint John,
who
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
13
who after died of that hurt, we likewife planted
3 Culverins in the Ifland beyond the Water, in
which the aforeíaid Caſtle Nypark ſtands, and
from whence we heard, that Don John feared An-
noyance.
The 23d thefe did beat upon the old Town
with good Effect. And the fame Day our other
fix Pieces on the North-eaft Side played upon the
Town, and fo continued till Night, in which
time (in all Mens Judgments, and by report of
the Priſoners we took) they did great hurt to the
Town. This Day while the Lord Deputy, the
Marthal and Serjeant Major were viewing the
Ground where the Approaches were intended, a
private Soldier of Sir John Barkley's in their fight,
and in the face of the Spanish Guards, attempt-
ing to fteal a Spanish Sentinel (as he had ftoln di-
vers before) this Sentinel being feconded by 4
that he ſaw not, he fought with them all five,
whereof one was the Serjeant Major, whom he
had almoſt taken; and when he found he could
do no good upon them all, he came off without
other hurt, than the cutting of his Hand a little,
with the breaking of a thruft, which one of
them made at him, and he hurt the Serjeant Ma-
jor.
a
The Night following, we began certain near
Approaches on the North-eaft fide of the Town
on a Hill, which by the natural Situation there-
of, was free from fudden Sallies, by reaſon of
Valley between it and the Town, fo as it might
be ſpeedily feconded from the Camp. There with
much Expedition was raiſed a Fort (and Artillery
planted, to play into the Town,) which with
three or four Companies was eafily guardable;
for in this Bufinefs there feemed nothing more to
be refpected, than how to approach and infeſt
the Enemy in fuch fort, as neither our old, nor
our new Men might be overfpent, or over-har-
ried
14
MORYSON'S History Book II.
ried with Watches and Works (the time of the
Year and Extremity of the Weather confidered)
nor the Enemy might take any Advantage to
furpriſe our Works by their fallying, without
ingaging themſelves in fight with our whole Ar-
my. For making thofe Approaches, the Lord
Deputy drew out 1000 Foot, continuing the
Work all Night; and although the Ground were
extreme hard, by reafon of the Froft, and the
Night very light, yet that Night they brought
the Work to very good Perfection. The Enemy
played all the Night upon them with great Vol-
lies, but hurt only three Men, either in the
Trenches, or in divers Sallies they made (in the
one whereof a Squadron of our new Men did
beat them back to the Gates.)
This Day the Lord Prefident advertiſed, that
Donnel, by Advantage of a Froft (fo great as
feldom had been feen in Ireland,) had paffed a
Mountain, and fo had ftoln by him into Munster,
whereupon he purpoſed to return with the Forces
he had, to ftrengthen the Camp. And in the
Evening Sir Richard Levifon, by the Lord De-
puties Direction, drew the Admiral and Vice-
Admiral in between the Island and Kinfale, whence
the 24th Day they fhot into the Town.
The 25th Day all the Artillery ftill played up-
on the Town; but the Shot from the Ships do-
ing little hurt, fave only upon the baſe Town, the
Lord Deputy gave Direction to ſpend few Shot
more, except it were on the high Town. This
Night Direction was given to make a Platform
for the Artillery upon the Trenches, which was
made the 23d at Night. Somewhat after Mid-
night the Spaniards made a fudden Sally, with
purpoſe to force the Trench, but were foon bea-
ten back by Sir Francis Barkley, who command-
ed the Watch that Night in that Place.
The
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
15
The 26th the Lord Prefident with the two
Regiments of Foot, and with his Horfe he had
led out against 6 Donnel, together with a Con-
naught Regiment under the Earl of Clanrickard,
and a Regiment of the Pale under Sir Chriftopher
St. Laurence (which upon the Way were com-
manded to join with the Lord Preſident,) came
to the Camp; and thefe 4 Regiments were that
Night quartered by themſelves, upon the Weft-
fide of Kinſale, to inveft the Town more cloſely,
and to keep ô Donnel and the Spaniards from join-
ing together, which quarter or leffer Camp was
commanded by the Earl of Thomond: For the
Lord Preſident remained ever near the Lord De-
puty in the great Camp, and fo did the Earl of
Clanrickard. This Day the three Culverins were
brought from the Ifland beyond the Water on
the Eaſt-ſide, and were planted on a Hill, in a
Point of Land near the Water on this Side of the
Haven, lying to the Eaft of our Fort newly built
there, to which Hill the Town lay near and very
open. In the mean time the Spaniards from the
Town, played upon our Ships with a Demi-Can-
non, and fhot our Admiral twice, and our Vice-
Admiral once, while they rode (as aforefaid) cloſe
by the Town, but our Ships within few Shot
exchanged, did difmount their Demi-Cannon, fo
as they could make no more Shot with it, and at
the fame Shot hurt their chief Gunner.
The 27th Day betimes in the Morning, our
three Pieces planted the Day before on the Point
of the Hill near the Water-fide, played upon the
Town, and did great Hurt to the Enemy, by
reaſon they were planted ſo near the Town, but
the 28th Day falling out extream windy and rainy,
we were enforced to cease our Battery, and ſpent
the rest of the Day in drawing down to that Place,
fome other Pieces, formerly planted upon the firſt
Platform.
The
16
MORYSON'S History Book II.
The forefaid 28th in the Morning, we fent a
Trumpet to fummon Kinfale, who was not fuffer-
ed to enter the Town, but received his Anſwer
at the Gate, that they held the Town firft for
Chrift, and next for the King of Spain, and fo
would defend it Contra tanti. Upon his return
with this Anſwer, the Lord Deputy commanded
to make Battery with all our Artillery, (planted
all on the Eaft-fide of the Town,) which was
preſently performed, and continuing till towards
Night, brake down great Part of the Eaft-gate.
In the mean time the Spaniards being retired in
great Numbers into their Trenches on the Weſt-
fide, to eſcape the Fury of our Ordnance on the
Eaft-fide, Sir Chriftopher St. Laurence was com-
manded to draw out from our new Camp on the
Weft-fide, and to give upon them in their
Trenches, which he performed, and did beat them
out of the Trenches, following them to the very
Gates of the Town, killing many, and hurting more
of them, and fo returned without Lofs of a Man on
our Side, having only fome few hurt. The 29th
all our Artillery played upon the Town, and brake
down most Part of the Eaſtern Gate, and fome
Part of a new Work the Enemy had made before
the Gate. This Day two Spaniards wrote from
Kinfale to fome of their Friends Prifoners in our
Camp, whom they ftiled poor Soldiers, when we
knew them to be Men of Account, and withal fent
them fuch Money as they wanted, yet under the
Title of Alms, as if they had neither Money of their
own, nor were of Credit to be trusted for any.
The laft Day of November Sir Richard Wing-
field, the Marshal, took fome fo Shot, and went
to the Wall of the Town, to view the fittest
Place for us to make a Breach, the Spaniards made
á light Skirmish with them, and hurt fome few.
The Marſhal when he had well viewed the Wall,
drew the Shot off, and judging the Wall, clofe
to
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
17
to the Eaftern-gate on the right Hand, to be
fitteft for the making of a Breach, he gave pre-
ſent Order that our Artillery fhould beat upon
that Place, which was done without Intermiffion,
and therewith we brake down before Night a
great Part of the Wall, which the Enemy in the
Night attempted to make up again, but was bea-
ten from it by our Guards, who played upon
them with ſmall Shot moſt Part of the Night. In
the Evening a Spaniard ran away from Kinjale to
our Camp, who reported to the Lord Deputy
that our Artillery had killed divers Captains and
Officers in the Town, befides many private Sol-
diers.
The firft of December it was refolved in Coun-
cil of State and by the Council of War, (namely
the chief Commanders and Colonels) that fome
Foot fhould be drawn out of the Camp, to give
the Spaniard a Bravado, and to view if the Breach
we had made were affaultable, and alfo to cauſe
the Spaniards to fhew themſelves, that our Artil-
lery might the better play upon them. To this
purpoſe 2000 Foot, commanded by Sir John
Barkley the Serjeant Major, and Capt. Edward
Blaney, were prefently put in Arms, and drawn
near the Walls of the Town, who entertained a
very hot Skirmish with the Spaniards, who were
lodged in a Trench cloſe to the Breach without
the Town. During this Skirmish, our Artillery
played upon thoſe that fhewed themſelves, either in
the Breach or in the Trench, and killed many of
them, befides fuch as were killed and hurt by our
fmall Shot.
Among the reft one Capt. Moryfon a Spaniard,
(of whom as one of the Pledges upon the Compo-
fition, we fhall have Caufe to speak hereafter)
walked crofs the Breach, animating his Men, and
though Sir Richard Wingfield, our Marfhal,
caufed many both great and fmall Shot to be made
VOL. II.
B
at
18
MORYSON'S History Book II.
at him, with Promiſe of 20 l. to him that ſhould hit
him, or beat him off, (whereupon many great
Shot did beat the Dirt in his Face, and Stones
about his Ears;) yet all the Skirmish he continued
walking in this brave Manner, without receiving
any hurt. Many think them beft Soldiers, who
are often and dangerously hurt, but it is an Er-
ror: For Wounds are Badges of Honour, yet
may befal the Coward as foon as the valiant Man;
and I have known moſt advent'rous Men who ne-
ver received Wound. Pardon this my Digreffion,
not warrantable in a Journal; I will only add,
that brave Soldiers (for the Stars have a Kind of
Power in our Birth) are by fome fecret Influence
preſerved, when others intruding themſelves into
that Courfe of Life, or driven to it by Neceffity
of Eftaté, fall at the firft Alarm: And to fpeak
theologically, God preferves us, but ftill in our
Ways, fo as he who without calling ruſhes into ano-
ther Way than his own, hath no Warrant of di-
vine Protection. After an Hour's Fight, when
we had taken full View of the Breach, and found
it not affaultable, our Men were drawn off, with
little or no Damage on our Part, only three of
our Men were hurt, and Capt. Gueft's Horfe was
killed under him, which Captain firft had killed
two Spaniards with his own Hand.
The fame Day it was refolved in Council, to
plant a Fort on a Rath on the Weft-fide of the
Town, to lodge therein fome Foot, for Seconds
to the Guard of our Artillery, intended to be
planted near the fame. And to this purpoſe, in
the Night following, the Marfhal, the Serjeant
Major, Capt. Edward Blaney, and Capt. Jofas
Bodley, Trenchmafter, (the Lord Deputy being
almoſt all Night prefent with them,) drew out
25 of each Company, and intrenching themſelves
on the faid Hill, not half Calliver's Shot from the
Town, began to caft up a small Fort. And though
the
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
19
the Spaniards perceived not their Purpoſe, yet ma-
ny of them lying in a Trench they poffeffed cloſe
to the Weft-gate, did play very hotly all Night
on our Men, guarding the Pioneers, and ours did
no leſs on them, fo that divers were hurt and
killed on both Sides. But the fecond Day of Dẻ-
cember, about nine in the Morning, when a great
Mift began to break, and they difcovered our
Work a Yard high; then from the faid Trenches,
and more from the Caftles, and high Places in
the Town, they plyed us all the Day with ſmall
Shot. Notwithſtanding which Annoyance, our
Men brought the Work to very good Pertection
before Night. In the mean Time, a Serjeant to
Capt. Blaney, drew out fome feven or eight Shot,
and fuddenly fell into a Trench which fome Spa-
niards poffeffed, clofe by the Town, of whom the
Serjeant killed two, and each of the reft one, with
their own Hands. But when not content there-
with, they attempted another Trench, fomething
diftant from the firft, the Serjeant in going on
was shot through the Body, and two of his Com-
pany were hurt in bringing him off, and fo return-
ed with this and no more Lofs.
This Night the Trenches where the Cannon
was planted, on the Eaft-fide of the Town, were
manned with the Lord Deputy's Guard, (com-
manded by Capt. James Blount) with Sir Thomas
Bourk's Company, and Sir Benjamin Berry's Com-
pany, (both commanded by their Lieutenants,)
by Capt. Rotheram's Company, (commanded by
himfelf) by Capt. Hobby's Company commanded
by himself) Capt. Nufe's (commanded by his
Lieutenant) and by Capt. Roger Harvey his Com-
pany, (himſelf commanding in chief as Captain
of the Watch there that Night, for as every Co-
lonel watched each third Night, fo every Cap-
tain watched in one Place or other each fecond
Night.) Alfo this Night the Fort on the Weft-
B 2
fide
20
MORYSON'S History Book II.
fide near the Town, between the two Camps,
which was caft up the Day before, was manned
by Capt. Flower (commanding in chief) and his
Company, by. Capt. Spencer and his Company, by
Capt. Dillon and his Company, and by the Com-
panies of Sir Arthur Savage, Sir John Dowdal,
Capt. Mafterfon, and Sir William Warren, (com-
manded by their Lieutenants) together with cer-
tain Squadrons out of the Earl of Thomond's
Quarter in our fecond Camp, which ſtood in
Guard without the Trenches. Now within an
Hour after Night, and fome two Hours before
the Moon rofe, it being very dark and rainy, the
Spaniard impatient of the Fort's Building, the
Day before fo cloſe to the Town's Weit-gate,
and refolving to attempt bravely on our Ordnance,
planted on the Eaft-fide, made a brave Sally with
fome 2000 Men, and first gave flightly towards
the Trenches on the Weft-fide, but prefently
with a Grofs and their chief Strength fell upon
the Trenches, in which the Artillery lay on the
Eaft-fide, continuing their Refolution to force it
with exceeding Fury, having brought with them
Tools of divers Sorts, to pull down the Gab-
bions and the Trenches, as alfo Spikes, to cloy
the Ordnance. The Alarm being taken in the
Camp, the Marfhal and Serjeant Major, Sir
Richard Moryfon, Sir William Fortefcue, Sir Francis
Rufh, and Capt. Roe, fallied prefently with fome
600 Men towards the Cannon, and Sir Benjamin
Berry with fome 100 Men fell directly towards
the Port of the Town next to the Camp, and
the Lord Deputy fent out Sir Oliver St. John with
Seconds. Upon the Marſhal's Arrival and Charge,
the Enemy brake, and our Men did Execution
upon them. Sir Benjamin Berry fell directly up-
on the Enemy's Seconds, whom he charged and
brake, killing many of them, and taking the
Commander of that Body, being an ancient Cap-
tain,
Chap. II.
of IRELAND.
21
tain, of great Eftimation with the Enemy. At
the fame time the Enemy gave upon our Trenches
and Fort built the Day before on the Weft-fide,
and continued the Attempt long with great Fury,
till Capt. Flower in Heat and without Direction,
fallying out of the Fort, to follow Part of their
Forces difcomfited, the Enemy entered the Fort
before he could return, and poffeffed themſelves
of our Trenches. Yet ftill our Men continued
the Fight, and Sir William Godolphin gave many
brave Charges with his Horfe, to countenance
our Men, till the Earl of Clanrickard was ſent to
ſecond them on this Part, with Capt. Skipwith,
Capt. Clare, Capt. Boife, Capt. Thomas Bourke,
and fome 60 Men (for the reft of the Regiment
was not advanced fo far.) Then his Lordship
and the reft charged the Enemy's Grofs, being
without the Fort, and break them, and did Exc-
cution upon them falling towards the Town, and
fo returning thence, entred the Weft Fort again,
with little Refiftance, for the Enemy abandoned
it. This Fort his Lordship and his Company
made good, till he was relieved from the Lord
Deputy. In this Sally, in all, the Enemy left in
the Field above 120 dead Bodies, befides fuch as
were killed near the Town, and could not next
Day be diſcerned by us. And we took 13 Prifo-
ners, among whom was a Captain Reformado (as
they term them, for Honour of Antiquity) who
was taken by Henfloe, Captain of our Pioneers, and a
Serjeant, and a Drum. After we heard by fome
of the Town, that they left dead above 200 of
their beſt Men, among whom were two Captains,
two Alferoes, and the Serjeant Major (being the
fecond Commander to Don Jean,) and Don Carlos,
and that more than 200 of them were hurt.
our Part Capt. Flower, Capt. Skipwith, and the
Earl of Clanrickard's Lieutenant were hurt, and
Capt. Spencer, and Capt. Dillon, and Capt. Flower's
Lieutenant,
B 3
On
22
Book II.
MORYSON'S Hiftory
Lieutenant, were killed in the Weft Fort, who
ftaying in the Fort when Capt. Flower fallied,
were there found dead in the Place which they
were commanded to make good, and with their
Faces to the Enemy, in as honourable Manner as
could be expected from any Soldier. The Ene-
my fallying on our Fort guarding our Cannon,
cloyed a Demi-culverin of ours, which being a
little crafed, was left without the Fort, but the
next Morning it was made ferviceable again. Some
of them were killed upon the Cannon, and upon
the Powder, and the Trenches about the Cannon
were in fome places filled with dead Bodies; for
in that particular Attempt they left 72 Bo-
dies dead in the Place, and thofe of their beſt
Men, whereof fome were found having Spikes
and Hammers to cloy the Cannon. And in gene-
ral among the dead Bodies many were found to
have Spells, Characters, and hallowed Medals,
which they wore as Prefervations againſt Death,
and most of them when they were ftripped, were
feen to have Scars of Venus Warfare. We took
fome 40 Shovels, and as many Mattocks, and
much Arms, left in the Field, which Tools were
fo maffy, as they had great Advantage of us there-
in, and the Sight of them would have put her
Majeſty's Miniſters of the Ordnance to ſhame,
who for private Gain fent fale Ware to us, unfit
to be used. In defending this Fort of the Can-
non, Capt. Rotheram and James Blount Enfign,
won great Reputation by their Valour, and the
Courage they gave to others. Becaufe the Earl
of Clanrickard's Company had watched the Night
before this, Sir Henry Folliot was fent with his
Regiment to guard the Weſtern Fort till Mor-
ning.
Some Hour before this Skirmish, the Lord
Deputy was advertiſed by one Donnogh o Drifcel,
that fix Spanish Ships were put into Cafle-haven,
and
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
23
and that fix more were fent with them from the
Groyne, but in the Way were ſcattered from theſe
by Tempeft, and that fince it was not known
what became of them. That in theſe fix Ships
arrived, were 2000 Spaniards, with great Store
of Ordnance and Munition, and that by their Re-
port 20000 more were coming preſently after
them. The 3d of December, by reafon of rainy
Weather, nothing could be done, only upon Re-
lation of a French Run-away, that the Enemy
purpoſed to fally again, fome of our Men were
for a fhort time drawn to Arms, but in vain.
The 4th Day we received a Confirmation of
the Spaniards Arrival at Caftle-haven, whereupon
it was refolved in Council that our firft Camp
ſhould be more strongly fortified, and that all our
Horſe ſhould be drawn into it, and that the Quar-
ter or leffer Camp on the Weft fide (confifting
now only of three Regiments, namely, of the
Earl of Thomond, Sir Richard Percy, and Sir Chri-
ftopher St. Laurence) thould rife and fit down far-
ther off, towards the South-gate, having another
Regiment added to ftrengthen it, drawn out of
the firft Camp on the North-fide of the Town,
where the Lord Deputy lodged, the Lot whereof
fell to Sir Charles Wilmot: that our Trenches and
Fort on the Eaft-fide for the guarding of the Can-
non fhould be committed to the continual Guard
of Capt. Blaney, and our Fort at the Weft-gate
to Capt. Gheft; and that our Battery fhould ceafe
till thofe Storms of new Spanish Supplies and
the Irish Rebels drawing near were over.
A Drum was fent to the Town to offer
Don Jean Liberty to bury his Dead, which
Meffage he received with due Refpect, but
prayed us to bury them, with Promiſe to do the
like for any of ours happening to fall in his
Power; and becauſe our Drum, according to
his Direction, expoftulated with Don Jean, that
how-
B 4
24
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II.
howfoever the Spanish Prifoners were well uſed
by us, yet his Lordship heard that one of our Men,
taken in the laſt Sally, after he was hurt, fo long
as he gave himſelf out to be an Irishman was kept
in the Hofpital, but after being diſcovered to be
an Englishman was drawn out and killed; for this
Cauſe Don Jean fent back with him a Spanish
Drum to the Lord Deputy intreating Burial for
his dead, with the forefaid Promiſe to do the like
for ours; and for the Expoftulation, denying
any fuch Thing done to his Knowledge, with
Proteftation to punish it highly if he could dif-
cover any fuch thing to have been done. The
firft his Lordship promiſed to do as a Chriftian-
like Act, though he knew the Inequality of the
Offer, having fo many of their Bodies prefently
in his Power. For the fecond, his Lordship reft-
ed fatisfied, yet his Lordſhip did further expoftu-
late with the Drum, that upon our Summons of
the Town, after martial Manner, they were not
content to return a refolute Anſwer, but added
fcandalous Words, terming us meschini. To
which he anſwered, protefting that the Speech
was ill delivered by an Harquebuzier who under-
took to interpret it, but could not do it rightly.
His Lordship alfo excepted to a Kind of Chal-
lenge fent by Don Jean, that the Queſtion be-
tween England and Spain fhould be try'd by Com-
bat between them two, this Trial being in nei-
ther of their Powers by Commiffion, nor in Don
Jean's Will, though he had the Power; befides
that the Council of Trent forbad the Romanifts to
fight in Campo Steccato (or Combat in the Field)
fo as this Meffage was rather quarrelfome than
honourable, which otherwiſe his Lordship pro-
tefted to be moft willing to accept, with Thanks
for the noble Offer. Laftly, his Lordship re-
membred that at our first fetting down he fent a
Drum to Don Jean with this Meffage, That
whereas
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
25
whereas his Lordship understood certain Ladies
and Women to be in the Town, he offered them
before the playing of our Artillery free Leave to
depart, or remaining there ftill, to command any
Provifion for themſelves which our Camp afforded;
and that Don Jean made an uncivil Anfwer, that
he would not be his Bawd. To thefe Excepti-
ons he anſwered with a Spanish Shrug of the
Shoulder, as having no Knowledge nor Com-
miffion to fatisfy his Lordship therein. So his
Lordſhip proteſted, that all the Courteſy offered
hitherto by him proceeded out of that honoura-
ble Reſpect which uſeth to pafs between honoura-
ble Enemies, and becauſe he would ever be true
to his own Honour whatſoever others were to
theirs But in Cafe it were conceived to proceed
of any Reſpect of the Greatneſs or Power of the
Spanish Nation, or his own Fear, that he would
hereafter fhew how much he difdained fuch ill
Interpretations of Courtefy; and fo his Lordſhip
difmiffed the Drum.
This Night the Spaniards attempted fomething
by Boats againft our Sentinels, but were foon
beaten back again. The 5th Day, Sir Richard Le-
vifon, though the Wind hindered the going out
of Kinfale Harbour, yet with towing got out the
Warfpite, the Defiance, the Swiftfure, the Mar-
line, one Merchant, and a Carvil, and with them
went to feek the Spanish Fleet newly arrived at
Caftle-haven.
The fame Day the 4 Regiments above-named
did remove to the new camping Place, as was de-
termined the Day before.
The 6th Day, at 10 in the Morning, our Fleet
arrived at Caſtle-haven, and before 4 in the After-
noon one Spanish Ship was funk, the Spanish
Admiral, with 9 Foot Water in Hold, drove to
the Shore upon the Rocks, the Vice-admiral
with two others drove likewife a-ground, moft
of
26
MORYSON'S History Book II.
of the Spaniards quitting their Ships. Our Fleet
was forced to ſtay there the next Day by contrary
Winds, and the Spaniards having landed fome
Ordnance play'd upon our Ships all the Day, but
the Night following they warped out, and the
Day after returned to Kinfale.
The 6th Day likewife a Scottish Bark bringing
Soldiers from Spain, and being one of the Fleet
newly arrived at Caftle-haven, but fevered from
them at Sea by Storm, came into the Harbour of
Kinfale, and put the Spaniards, being 80, into
our Hands, who were brought to the Camp and
examined before the Lord Deputy. David High
of Leith, Mafter and Owner of the Unicorn, ex-
amined, ſaid upon Oath, That he went from Wa-
terford 6 Weeks ago with Goods of Waterford
for Rochel, and fo for Bourdeaux, but was driven
through foul Weather and a Leak into the Groine,
where, within an Hour after he was at Anchor,
his Ship was arreſted, and himſelf taken by the
Governor, called Conde; but after they had un-
laden the Bark, and taken away the Sails, he was
fet at Liberty that Siriago with a Part of the
Spanish Fleet fent for Ireland was then there, and
ready to embark again for Ireland, having about
1400 Land-Soldiers placed in 9 Ships, whereof
this Examinate was one, the Admiral, in which
Siriago was, being a Netherlander of 150 Tun, or
thereabout, the Vice-admiral a Flemming of 120
Tun, or thereabouts, befide 3 French Ships, and
3 Scots, and a Fly-boat: that they have great Pro-
vifions of Powder, Pioneers Tools, and 12 or 14
great Pieces mounted for the Field: that the
27th of the laſt they fet fail at Groine, and had
their Directions (as far as this Examinate under-
ftands) for Kinfale: that before their Departure
from the Groine, one Jordan Roche of Kinfale,
bound for Bourdeaux, and from thence for South
Spain, coming to an Anchor at the Groine,
was
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
27
was there taken, and forced in the King's Name
to be a Pilot on this Coaft, his Ship being fent
on her Voyage, by whom they underſtood that
the Caſtles of Rincorran and Nýpark were taken,
which he heard alſo by the Report of a French-
man he met at Sea: that aboard his Ship there
was embarked about 80 Spaniards, and 5 or 6
Women, about 25 Tun of Bread, and 6 Butts of
Wine, whereof the moft Part was fpent in Be-
verage; but other Munitions than the Soldier's
Weapons they brought none aboard: that Brit-
tingdona is at Lisbon ready to tranſport 2000 Sol-
diers more for Ireland fo foon as he can get Ship-
ping: that Don Diego de Brochero, in his Return
for Ireland, landed at Lisbon, and from thence
pofted to the Court, and after his Arrival a pre-
fent Diſpatch was made to haften thefe Supplies
for Ireland that in Spain they made no doubt
but Ireland is already won, and from thence the
common Bruit is, they will for England, then for
Scotland, and after will fet upon the Turk: that
the fth of December they made the Land between
Cork and Kinfale, and the Wind being fcant turn-
ed all that Day and Night to come in, and by 7
of the Clock this Morning came into the Har-
bour, and at Opening of the Day perceived our
Fleet, which by the Spaniards was conceived to
be their Fleet, but by him (as he faith) known
to be her Majeſty's, and that of Purpoſe he came
to put the Spaniards into our Hands: that before
his Ship came to Anchor he got a Boat, and dif-
covered to Sir Amyas Prefton the Spaniards he had
aboard; whereupon Sir Amyas Prefton manned
out his Boats, and towed in the Ship, where-
unto the Spaniards made no Refiftance: laftly,
that he heard at the Groine that the Adilantado,
being then at Port St. Mary, did daily expect the
coming of 4000 Italians, but for what Purpofe
he knew not.
The
28
MORYSON'S History Book II.
1
The Spaniards then examined on Oath faid,
That there is in the Fleet with Siriago not above
1000, divers of them taken out of the Jails, and
very poor and naked, whereof one whole Com-
pany of Portingals was taken out of Prifoa:
that the Admiral is laden with Bifquet, Powder,
and Match, and 2 Cannons for Battery: that the
whole Fleet confifts of 10 Sail, whereof the Ad-
miral and Vice-admiral are Hulks of 300 Tuns,
as they esteemed them, the reft fmall Barks of
divers Nations: That Siriago commands the Fleet,
and Capt. Alonzo del Campo commands the Foot
in chief, being a Captain of the Terceres, who
hath an old Company, and Savedra hath another
old Company, but is himfelf a young Soldier:
that they heard nothing that Kinfale was befieged:
that Brittingdona was at Lisbon, and that they were
gathering Supplies, but knew not if they will be
ready before the Spring or no that the Adilan-
tado was in South-Spain, and that a Regiment of
3000 Italians was to come for Ireland: that the
whole Fleet was bound for Kinfale, and they
thought the Queen's Fleet was their Ships of
Spain: that all the Shipping was to be gathered
together at Lisbon against the Spring, and 4000
Italians were coming for England.
This 6th Day of December all the Ordnance was
drawn from the Eaftern and Western Platforms
into the first Camp on the North-fide of the
Town where the Lord Deputy lodged, that we
might the better attend the Service of the Field,
having our Artillery commodiously placed, fince
we were advertiſed that ô Donnel was joined with
thofe Spaniards which landed lately at Caftle-ba-
ven, and that he, together with Tyrone, affifted
by all the Rebels Force in Ireland, were drawing
up towards Kinsale to relieve it, and were come
within few Miles of the Camp. Of all theſe
News the Spaniards in Kinfale had Knowledge,
and
Chap. H. of IRELAND.
29
and thereupon took Heart again, when they were
otherwife ready to yield upon reaſonable Compo-
fition: For this Refpect it was thought enough
for us to keep the Ground we held againſt all
theſe Enemies till we fhould be further fupply'd
out of England, fince upon the leaft Defeat or
Diſaſter befalling us the whole Kingdom would
have been hazarded (if not loft) by Reafon of the
People's Inclination to a general Revolt.
We fortify'd the forefaid Camp on the Weſt
(or South-Weft) fide, where the Earl of Thomond
lay with 4 Regiments, and it was refolved that
2 fmall Forts fhould be caft up and manned be-
tween that Camp and the Water-fide Southward
(the faid Forts and Camps, each one flanking the
other,) thereby fo to inveſt the Town as all Suc-
cour from the Country might be cut off from it.
Further it was refolved, that the Ditches of the
Lord Deputy's Camp fhould be deepned, and the
Trenches heigthned, and that the Back-part
furthest from the Town, lying open hitherto,
ſhould now be cloſed and made defenfible againft
Tyrone's Forces, as the Side towards the Town
was made against the Spaniards, if they both at
one time ſhould give upon us; and that all the
Forts fhould be barricadoed, and by all poffible
Art all the Acceffes to the Town between our 2
Camps be ſtopped.
The 7th Day the Lord Deputy advertiſed Ma-
fter Secretary in England of all theſe Particulars,
adding, that we daily heard very hot Alarms of
Tyrone's Purpoſe to relieve the Town, who,
ftrengthened with the above-named Forces, was
now lodged in Woods and inacceffible Strengths
very near to our Camp, fo as he hindred us from
Forage for our Horfe, and from the Helps we
formerly had out of the Country for Suftentation
of our Army; and that his Neighbourhood on
the one Side, and the Spaniards in Kinfale on the
other,
30
Book II.
MORYSON'S Hiftory
other, kept us at a Bay from proceeding in our
Approaches and Battery: Befides that our laft Sup-
plies were in this fhort Time incredibly wafted,
the new Men dying by Dozens each Night thro'
the Hardneſs of the Winter Siege, whereunto
they were not inured. Yet his Lordship ftill
made good his firft Hope of Victory, though it
were deferred, and that which he thought to have
attempted with Safety to the State and Eafe to
the Army, was now to be done with Hazard to
the State (infeparable from great Actions) and
greater Painfulneſs to the Soldier (to be endured
with Patience.)
The 8th Day our Artillery was placed in the
feveral Places of our North-fide Camp for the
beft Defence thereof, and a Fort on the Weſt-
fide by the other Camp (according to the above-
mentioned Refolution) was caft up, and almoſt
finiſhed, where towards Night we had a flight
Skirmish with the Spaniards, in which we had an
Ancient and fome few Men hurt.
the Evening the Rebels Horſe were
difcovered about two Miles off, and
after Supper all our Men were drawn
into Arms upon Notice given us by the Scouts
that the Rebels drew nigh, but after a ſmall
Time all, faving the Watch were difmiffed to
Reft.
Tyrone's For-
ces shew them-
felves.
In
This Night Sir Richard Levifon returned from
Caftle-haven with the Queen's Ships into the
Harbour of Kinfale, and came to the Camp to
give the Lord Deputy Account of the good Ser-
vice done there. The 9, 10, and 11 Days we
fpent in building the two Sconces (or Forts) as
was formely refolved in the 6th Days Council:
they were built on the Weft-fide of the Town,
between the Earl of Thomond's Quarter and the
Water Southward; and to inveft the Town round
about,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
31
about, we caft up Trenches between the Forts
and the Earl of Thomond's Quarter, being 30
Score in Length, the Forts and the Camp flanking
each other, and we caft up Trenches from that
Side to the Lord Deputy's Camp to ftop the
Paffage of Cows, Horfes, or any Relief to the
Town. The Spaniards made two or three light
Sallies to view our Works on the Weft-fide, as
they did likewife the 12th Day, but they were
beaten back with Eafe, and no Lofs on our Part.
The 13th Day we drew three Pieces of Artillery
from the Lord Deputy's Camp and planted them
on the Weft-fide near the other Camp to play
upon an Abby, which flanked that Part where we
intended to make a new Breach. The fame Day
the Spaniards, taken in the Scots Ship, were fent
for England.
And Sir Oliver St. John was dispatched for Eng-
land, and by him the Lord Deputy and the Council
wrote this following Letter to the Lords in Eng-
land.
It may pleaſe your Lordships,
Ho
WOW we have proceeded in the great Bufi-
we
neſs we have in hand here fince our laſt
Diſpatch unto your Lordships of the 7th of the
laft Month, we have thought fit to fet down by
Way of Journal inclofed, humbly praying Leave
to refer your Lordships thereunto, to avoid need-
lefs Repetition; and if the Services we have hi-
therto performed fhall happily fall fhort of that
which your Lordships in this Time have expect-
ed, and ourſelves (we acknowledge) hoped, we
have made Collection of the fundry Difficulties
and Oppofitions that we have encountred fince
the first News of thefe Spaniards Diſcovery upon
this Coast, to the End it might appear unto your
Lord-
32
MORYSON'S History Book II.
i
Lordſhips plainly by the View thereof (as we are
confident it will) that nothing hath been want-
ing in our Endeavours to bring this Work to the
defired Conclufion, but that a more flow Pro-
ceeding hath been unavoidably occafioned by
the flow and untimely coming to us of thofe
Means and Provifions, without which it is im-
poffible to be effectually active, and the arifing of
new Accidents and Impediments in the mean time,
which made our Work more difficult, and there-
fore will not (we hope) be imputed any Fault of
ours. Since the Arrival of the Queen's Ships,
the Forces, Artillery, and other Provifions out of
England, we have fo annoy'd this Town with Bat-
tery in all Parts thereof, as the Breach was almoſt
affaultable, and the Houſes in the Town much
beaten down, to the great weakning of the
Defendants, infomuch as we were not without
Hope to be offered it by Compofition, or within
a little more time to have entered it by Force,
though that was held a Courſe of much Hazard
and Lofs, in regard they within are very ſtrong
in Bodies of Men, which we know to be moſt
certain. The Spaniard, finding how hardly he
was laid to, importuned Tyrone and 6 Donnel with
their Forces to come to relieve him, they both
are accordingly come and encamped not far from
the Town. And now 1000 more Spaniards are
arrived at Caſtle-haven, with great Store of Mu-
nition and Artillery, and report that a greater
Force is coming after, which doth fo bewitch
this People, as we make Account all the Coun-
try will now go out, as most of them have done
already, as in our former Letters we fignified that
we feared. ô Donnel's Forces are faid to be 4000
and to be joined with the Spaniards that landed
at Caſtle-haven, and Tyrone's (as we hear gene-
rally) to be as many more, and fince his Paffage
through
1
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
33
through the Country hither, Tyrrel with many
other Leinster Rebels (as it is faid) are joined with
him, and coming alfo hither. By thefe Means
we are induced to leave our Battery for a Time,
and to strengthen our Camps, that we may be
able to endure all their Fury, as we hope we
ſhall, and keep the Town ftill befieged and fo in-
vefted as we are not out of Hope in the End to
carry it, notwithstanding all that they can do.
Yet fince it is now most apparent that the King
of Spain means to make this Place the Seat of
the War, not only for the gaining of this King-
dom, but from time to time to push for England,
if he ſhould get this, (for fo fome that we have
taken and examined do confefs,) and that the
whole Strength of the Irish are drawn and draw-
ing hither to ſet up their Reft, to get that Li-
berty (as they call it) that they have fo long
fought for. We muft earnestly intreat your
Lordships to fupply us, and that fpeedily, of all
Things neceffary for fo great a War as this is like
to be. We hold it a Matter of Neceffity that
4000 Foot more be fent us preſently, without
ftaying one for another to come together, but as
they can be levied and fhipped away, and we de-
fire good Choice may be made both of the Men
and Arms, for in both the laſt were much defec-
tive, thofe under Captains were but ill Bodies of
Men, and the Supplies had very ill Arms and
Weapons: We conceive it will be fitteft for the
Service that I, the Deputy, have Liberty to put
fo many of them under Captains as cannot at the
firſt be uſed for Supplies; for though our chief
Meaning is to fill up the Bands already here, if
fo many be wanting at their coming hither, that
her Majeſty may not unneceffarily be charged
with new Bands when the old be not full, but.
much deficient, yet a great Part of our Compa-
nies being extreme fick through the exceeding
VOL. II.
C
Mifery
MORY'SON'S Hiftory
Book II.
pre-
34
Mifery of this Winter's Siege, (fo as at this
fent there is but one third Part of the laſt Men
that came over ſerviceable and able to do Duties,
whereof happily a great Part may recover,) it
cannot therefore be determined, until they be
here, what Number will be neceffary for Sup-
plies, and what Companies fit to be raiſed, for
that must grow out of a View here of fuch as
continue ftill fick, or are grown deficient by
death, or running away, whereof of late there
are very many, notwithſtanding the fevere Cour-
fes we have taken, by executing fome for a Ter-
ror to the reft, by making Proclamations upon
Pain of Death that none fhould depart the Camp
without Licence, by giving Direction to the
Port-towns that they fhould be ftay'd and appre-
hended, and laftly, by fending fpecial Men to
Cork, Yogbal, Waterford, and Wexford, to fee the
fame duly put in Execution, for which Purpoſe
they have Commiffion for martial Law, all which is
well known to every private Man in the Camp,
and yet they ſteal away daily in fuch Numbers, as
befides thofe that by Devices do get Paffages,
there are at this prefent taken between this and
Waterford at the leaft 200 ready to be returned
though we confefs the Mifery they endure is fuch
as juftly deferveth fome Compaflion, for divers
times fome are found dead ftanding fentinel, or
being upon their Guard, that when they went
thither were very well and lufty, fo grievous is
a Winter's Siege in fuch a Country: For the fick
and hurt Men we have taken the beſt Courſe we
can devife, for at Cork we have provided a Gueſt-
houſe for them where they are moſt carefully
looked unto, and have their Lendings delivered in
Money to buy them what the Market doth af-
ford, with an Increaſe of what is held fit for
them, allowed out of the Surpluſage of the En-
tertainment
;
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
35
tertainment for the Preachers and the Cannoneers
(which we conceive your Lordships have here-
tofore heard of). And for thofe that are fick or
fickly at the Camp, becauſe we much defire to
keep them well (if it were poffible), we take
this Courſe. First, their own Means is allowed
them very duly, Sir Robert Gardiner being ap-
pointed a Commiffioner for that Purpoſe, that
the Soldier in all Things may have his Right, with
Proclamation that whofoever found himſelf in any
Want ſhould repair to him; and fecondly, out of
a general Contribution from the Officers and Cap-
tains of the Army there is fol. a Week collect-
ed for them, and beftowed in providing warm
Broth, Meat, and Lodging, fo as a marvellous
great Number are thereby relieved. And yet all
this doth not ſerve but that a great many are ftill
unferviceable, which we have here noted at the
greater Length, that it might appear unto your
Lordships that it proceeds not from Want of
Care or Providence in us, but from keeping the
Field in fuch a Seaſon, where human Wit cannot
prevent their Decay. We muft further earnestly
entreat your Lordships that the Fleet may remain
upon this Coaft during the War with the Spa-
niards, and to furnish us with Victuals, Muni-
tion, and Money, for Eafterly Winds are rare at
this Time of the Year, and without every of
theſe this Action cannot be maintained, but that
the Army will break and come to nothing: Neither
will this Country now afford us any Thing, no
not ſo much as Meat for our Horfes, and there-
fore we muft likewife be humble Suitors that
2000 Quarters of Oats may ſpeedily be ſent us,
without which undoubtedly our Horfes will
be ftarved. The Particulars of
The Particulars of our Wants,
both of Munition and Victuals, are fet down
by the Mafter of the Ordnance and the Victualler
C 2
for
36
MORYSON'S History Book II.
for this Province, and we have made Choice of
Sir Oliver St. John to follicite your Lordships
for a ſpeedy and favourable Difpatch, as alfo to
give Satisfaction in all Things wherein it may
pleaſe your Lordships to require a more particu-
lar Information, in regard he is well acquainted
with all things that have paffed here, otherwiſe,
as we were unwilling to have fpared him, ſo we
found him very unwilling to leave the Service at
this time, had not I, the Deputy, enjoined him
to undertake this Bufinefs, knowing he could beft
fatisfy your Lordships in any Particular that you
might doubt of. We have alfo held it very fit
humbly to fignify to your Lordships, that where
we heard from the Council of Dublin, and other-
wife, of her Majefty's Purpoſe to fend fome Scots,
that it would now very much advance the Ser-
vice, for if 4000 Scots (which we think a con-
venient Number) might ſpeedily be landed there
to join with the English at Loughfoyle and Carrick-
fergus, while Tyrone keeps here with the Forces
of that Country, they would no doubt in fhort
Time make fo great a Spoil there as he ſhould
never be able to fubfift to maintain a War any
more, and a great Part both of the English Forces and
of them, after having fwept thofe Countries bare,
which they might quickly do, might draw hither
to our Affiftance with great Part of the Prey
which would abundantly relieve both them and
us with Victual, and fo ftop the Paffages behind
him as he should never be able to return; but
that the War both of Spain and Ireland might
have an End together here, whereof we cannot
but wish your Lordships to have due Confidera-
tion, and humbly pray you to excufe us for making
thus far bold, which nothing fhould have led us
unto but Zeal and Affection to the Service.
Laftly, whereas the Enemy's Fleet at Lisbon, un-
der
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
37
der the Conduct of Bretandona, is (by Intelligence
trom Spain) affuredly intended for thefe Parts, to
bring Supplies to Kinfale within a Month or fix
Weeks: And whereas we find the great Impor-
tance of this Service depending on the Counte-
nance of her Majefty's Fleet, to have the fame
with us as well to guard the Harbour and repel
the Enemy's Landing, as alfo to guard our Ma-
gazines of Munition and Victuals, which muft
be kept in Ships, we having no other Conveni-
ency to keep them: We have made humbly bold
to stay the Fleet commanded by Sir Richard Levi-
fon, and do in like fort befeech your Lordships
to victual them for three Months longer with all
poffible Speed, for they are now victualled only
till the 20th of January: And becauſe fo
great a
Quantity of Victuals as will ferve them for that
time can hardly be fo foon provided, we humbly
defire that this Supply of their Victuals may be
ſent unto them in Parts, as it can be made ready:
And becauſe this Fleet, by the Opinion of the
beſt experienced in Sea-fervices, (whom we for
our Parts do believe,) muſt neceffarily be divided,
and yet is too ſmall to ſerve in two Parts, we
humbly pray that fome fuch Addition of Ships,
as in your Wiſdoms fhall be thought meet, may
be ſent hither to forbid the Enemy to plant in
other Places, as Baltimore and Beer-haven, where
it is very probable they mean to plant; by which
Divifion of the Fleet better Service may be ex-
pected than otherwife can poffibly be performed;
for it is no doubt but many Opportunities will be
offered to fight with the Enemy which other-
wife cannot be looked for. This we humbly ſub-
mit to your Lordships favourable Confideration,
not forgetting (as earneftly as we may) to recom-
mend to your Lordships good Favour Sir Richard
Levifon, Admiral of this Fleet, who hath fhewed
himfelf a moft worthy Gentleman, both in per-
forming
C 3
38
Book II.
MORYSON'S History
forming of that Service upon the Spanish Ships at
Caftle-haven (which in our Journal is expreffed,)
as alfo in fhewing himſelf painful, careful, wife,
and valiant in the whole Courfe of all Affairs
which your Lordſhips committed to his Charge,
and that in fuch Meaſure as we think a more fuf-
ficient and gallant Gentleman could not have
been chofen for fuch an Employment. And fo
we most humbly take Leave, &c.
By the fame Diſpatch the Lord Deputy wrote this
following Letter to Mafter Secretary in England.
SIR,
I with
Know that all great Actions are accompanied
many Difficulties, neither are they ſtrange
to me, that have put on a mind to indure any
thing for fuch a Miſtreſs, in fuch a Quarrel; and
with Chearfulneſs fhall I fuffer the Extremity of
Hardneſs, and Adventure, if it fhall pleate her
Majefty fo gracioufly to interpret our Labours, as
to believe (as it is true) that our Difficulties ariſe
out of themſelves, and not from any Defect of
our Councils or Endeavours. For my felf, I pro-
teft that I do faithfully propound unto my felf,
whatſoever I prefume are her Majefty's chief Ends,
to make a ſpeedy, fafe, and honourable Conclu-
fion of this War, which to no private Man
would be more unfupportable than to my felf,
were I not upheld by my Duty and Affection to
her Service. I do conceive that it is apparent,
that the King of Spain is refolved to make a pow-
erful War with England, and that he hath chofen
this Country to be the Seat thereof, where we
that are her Majefty Minifters here, muft either
mar, or give way to this Foundation. If he be
refolved to fend continual Supplies, and to fortify
in feveral Places, the War is likely to grow long
and difficult. For firft, it is hard to force a war-
like
Chap. II.
of IRELAND.
39
like Nation out of any Strength, without great
Numbers, royal Provifions, and long time, and
how hard our Supplies of either can be fpared, or
ſent in time ſo far, I fear the Eſtate doth already
feel too much. The Neceffity of making head
to an Enemy (who having the Hearts of all this
People, fhall have all their Helps, if they durft,)
doth draw our Army to indure all the Incommo-
dities of a miferable Winter's Siege, wherein,
without all Prevention, the greateſt Part of our
Strength will decay, before we be ready (in our
chief Defign of forcing the Town) to uſe it.
And if otherwife we fhould ufe in this Work
more than adviſed hafte, we might eaſily hazard
the Lofs of this Kingdom; for little Difafters to
us will be conceived Overthrows, and believe,
Sir, that nothing contains even the beſt of this
Country Inhabitants, but the Proſperity and Re-
putation of our Army; fo that, although it may
pleaſe God to enable us to cut off the Thread of
this War, fooner than we fee reaſon to prefume
of, yet becauſe we have juft reafon to expect
a growing Enemy, and in fo great a Caufe, it
muſt pleaſe her Majefty, either to bend and main-
tain her Royal Power this Way, or by fome At-
tempt in his own Countries, to divert his Pur-
pofe for this; for otherwife if he perfift in his
Purpoſe for Ireland, if he once grow of Power
to break the Banks of our Oppofition, he will
fuddenly (and not by Degrees) overflow all. Hi-
therto it hath pleafed God to profper us, in all we
have undertaken, or hath been undertaken againſt
us; we have won whatfoever the Enemy was
poffeffed of without the Town; we have taken
above 200 Spanish Prifoners; there are (as we are
certainly informed) above 1000 dead and killed of
them in the Town, the which we have now as
throughly inveſted as may be: But on the other
Side, the whole Force of Tyrone and 6 Donnel,
C 4
with
40
MORYSON'S History Book II,
with all the Strength of the Rebels of Ireland,
do lie within fix Miles of us, and to their Affift-
ance they have the Spanish Supplies, and (that which
is worst) their Munition and Provifions ; the
whole Province either is joined with them, or
ftand Neutrals; and what Ufe foever the Enemy
maketh of them, I am fure we receive by them
no Manner of Áffiftance. Notwithſtanding all
this, I hope we fhall give a good Account of the
Befieged; but we have reafon to proceed with
great Caution, having a defperate Enemy before
us, and fo many that are ingaged in the fame For-
tune behind us. For Tyrone and 6 Donnel have
ô
quit their own Countries, to recover them here,
or elfe to loſe all. Now, Sir, to enable us in this
great War, you muſt continually fupply us with
Munition and Victuals. It is true, how incre-
dible foever you think it, that of 2000 Men you
fend us, you muſt account that we make uſe of
little more than 500, and yet we can well juſtify,
that there is nothing omitted that human Wit
can provide, for the Prefervation of fuch as we
have. I have. (much against his Will and my own)
fent over Sir Oliver St. John, becauſe I prefume
he can fatisfy you in many things, which by
Writing we can hardly do. Once more I thought
good to remember you, that I proteſt before the
eternal God, that it grieveth me to fee her Ma-
jeſty fo ill ſerved in her Mufters, from the Abuſes
whereof (as I have done heretofore) I do utterly
difclaim, as not being in my Power to reform,
for all the Minifters in that Kind, are but Ciphers
or falle Numbers, and it is beyond my Power to
deſcend into every particular Care, in fuch an ac-
tive time, wherein I fpend all my Meditations in
making only of the War, and wherein how much
of the Weight of every Man's Burden doth lie
upon my Shoulders, I do better feel, than I can
exprefs,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
41
exprefs, or make you believe. I will difcontinue
the Confideration of any thing that belongs to
my own private, and have now only defired this
Bearer to negociate for me as a publick Perfon,
and of publick Matter, and I befeech God to
fend me the Height of my Ambition, which is,
with the Conſcience of having done her Majefty
the Service I defire, to enjoy a quiet, private
Life, and that her Majefty may never more havẹ
need of Men of our Profeffion.
Yours Sir,
most affured,
to do you Service.
Mountjoy.
The 14th Day was fo rainy, and fo tempeftuous
in Winds, as we could not ftir out, to proceed
any thing in our Bufinefs. The 15th our Artille-
ry, planted by the Camp on the Weft-fide, did
play upon the Tops of the Caſtles in the Town,
where the Enemy's Shot were placed, that from
thence they might annoy our Men, working
in the Trenches, and in the Platform, and at-
tending our Artillery. Our Pieces brake
down many of thefe Caftles, and killed ma-
ny of their Shot lodged in them. Likewife in
the Night, while our Men were making new
Approaches, our Ordnance played upon the
Town, and many Vollies of fmall Shot were ex-
changed between us and the Enemy.
The 16th Day the fame Ordnance played in
like fort upon the Caftles in the Town, and did
much Hurt to the Men there lodged. The 17th
Day was very tempeftuous with Rain, and eípe-
cially Wind, and fo continued all Night, for
which
42
MORYSON'S History Book II.
which Cauſe our Artillery played but ſeldom up-
on the Town. And this Night the Spaniards
fallied, and break down a Platform, which we
had begun the Day before, with Purpoſe to plant
our Artillery there; whereupon a flight Skirmiſh
fell between us and them, but with little or no
"Hurt on either Side. The 18th Day our Artille-
ry continued to play upon the Town. And this
Day his Lordship intercepted this following Let-
ter, which he commanded me to tranflate out of
Spanish into English.
To the Prince ô Neal, and Lord ô Donnel.
I Thought your Excellencies would have come
at Don Ricardo his going, fince he had Order
from you to lay, that upon the Spaniards coming
to you (from Caftle-haven,) you would do me that
Favour. And ſo I beseech you now you will do
it, and come as ſpeedily and well appointed as may
be. For I affure you, that the Enemies are tired,
and are very few, and they cannot guard the third
Part of their Trenches, which fhall not avail
them, for refifting their firft Fury, all is ended.
The Manner of your coming, your Excellencies
know better to take there, than I to give it here;
for I will give them well to do this Way, being
always watching to give the Blow all that I can,
and with ſome Refolution, that your Excellencies
fighting as they do always, I hope in God the
Victory fhall be ours without doubt, becauſe the
Cauſe is his. And I more defire the Victory for
the Intereft of your Excellencies, than my own.
And fo there is nothing to be done, but to bring
your Squadrons, come well appointed and clofe
withal, and being mingled with the Enemies,
their Forts will do as much harm to them, as to
I commend my felf to Don Ricardo. The
us,
?
Lord
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
43
Lord keep your Excellencies. From Kinfale the
28th (the new Stile, being the 18th after the old
Stile) of December, 1601.
Though you be not well fitted, I beseech your
Excellencies to diflodge, and come toward the
Enemy, for Expedition imports. It is needful
that we all be on horſeback at once, and the grea-
ter hafte the better.
Signed by Don Jean del Aguila.
The 19th Day was fo extream rainy, as we
could do little or nothing. The 20th in the
Morning being very fair, our Ordnance played,
and break down good Part of the Wall of the
Town. And to the end we might ſharpen Tyrone
(whoſe lying ſo near did more annoy us, by keep-
ing Relief from us, than he was like to hurt us
by any Attempt;) or if Tyrone's Force came not
up fooner, that we might proceed more roundly,
this Day another great Breach was made beneath
the Platform, and though many Shot were made
to hinder us, yet by the next Morning the Work
was brought to good Perfection. The Night
was ftormy, with great Lightning and terrible
Thunder, to the Wonder of all, confidering the
Seafon of the Year, and this Night came certain
Intelligence, that Tyrone, drawn on by Don Jean's
Importunity, determined prefently to fet up his
Reft for the Relief of the Town, and that the
next Night he would lodge within a Mile and
half of our Camp.
Tyrone fhews
and Foot.
himſelf Horfe
The 21ft our Scouts confirmed the
fame, and towards Night Tyrone fhew-
ed himſelf with all his Horfe and Foot,
upon a Hill within a Mile of us, in
the Way to Cork. Whereupon two Regiments
of our Foot, and moft of our Horfe being drawn
out of the Camp, made towards them: But when
they
44
MORYSON'S History Book II.
they faw our Men refolutely come forward, they
fell back to a Faftneſs of Wood and Water, where
they encamped.
This Night being light with continual Flash
ings of Lightning, the Spaniards fallied again,
and gave upon a Trench, newly made beneath
our Canon, but were the fooner repelled, becauſe
we kept very ſtrong Guards, and every Man was
ready to be in Arms, by reafon of Tyrone's being
fo near unto us.
The 22d Tyrone's Horfe and Foot often fhewed
themſelves from an Hill, beyond which they in-
camped in a Wood, yet our Artillery ftill played
upon the Town, breaking down the Wall, and
fome Turrets, from whence the Spaniards Shot
annoyed our Men. Many Intelligences confirm-
ed, that Tyrone on the one Side, and the Spaniards
on the other, had a Purpoſe to force our Camp.
This Night the Spaniards fallied, and gave up,
on a Trench cloſe to the Weft-fide of the Town,
which the Serjeant that kept it did quit: But
Sir Chriftopher St. Laurence appointed to fecond
him, came up with fome Foot, and did beat the
Spaniards into the Town, before they could do
any great hurt, fave only a little defacing it. Our
Artillery ftill played upon the Town, that they
might fee we went on with our Buſineſs, as if
we cared not for Tyrone's coming, but it was
withal carried on in ſuch a Faſhion, as we had
no meaning to make a Breach, becauſe we thought
it not fit to offer to enter, and fo put all to hazard,
until we might better diſcover what Tyrone meant
to do, whofe Strength was affured to be very
great, and we found by Letters of Don Jean's,
which we had intercepted, that he had adviſed
Tyrone to fet upon our Camps, telling him that
it could not be choſen, but our Men were much
decayed by the Winter's Siege, and fo, that we
fhould hardly be able to maintain fo much Ground,
as
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
45
as we had taken when our Strength was greater,
if we were well put to, on the one Side by them,
and on the other Side by him, which he would
not fail for his Part to do refolutely. And it was
moſt true, that our Men daily died by Dozens,
fo as the Sick and Run-a-ways confidered, we
were grown as weak as at our firft fetting down,
before our Supplies of 4000 Foot.
The Strength of our Regiments the 23d of De-
cember.
The Lord Deputy's Regiment had able Men,
715. The Lord Prefident's Regiment able Men,
556. The Earl of Clanrickard's Regiment able
Men, 529. The Earl of Thomond's Regiment,
572. The Lord Audley his Regiment, 370. Sir
Richard Percy's Regiment, 544. Sir Richard
Moryfon's Regiment, 541. Sir Oliver St. John his
Regiment, 15. Sir Charles Wilmot's Regiment,
454. Sir Henry Folliot's Regiment, 595.
Sir
Chriftopher St. Laurence's Regiment of Irish, 747-
Sir Henry Power's Squadron volant (or flying Re-
giment) drawn out of the former Regiments, af-
ter the making of the Lift in November laſt,
449.
The Total of Foot able Men befides Run-a-ways,
and Hurt, and Sick, lying as well in the Camp,
as at Cork, 6595.
Camp.
This Evening one of the chief Tyrone refolves
Commanders in Tyrone's Army, ha- to affail our
ving fome Obligations to the Lord
Prefident, fent a Meffenger to him for a Bottle
of Ufquebagh, and by a Letter wished him, that
the English Army fhould that Night be well up-
on their Guard, for Tyrone meant to give upon
one Camp, and the Spaniards upon the other,
meaning to pare no Man's Life but the Lord
Deputy's
46
MORYSON'S History Book II.
Deputy's and his. Don Jean del Aguila after con-
feffed to the Lord Prefident, that notwithſtand-
ing our Sentinels, he and Tyrone the Night fol-
lowing, had three Meffengers the one from the
other. All the Night was clear with Lightning
(as in the former Nights were great Lightnings
with Thunder) to the Aftoniſhment of many, in
refpect of the Seafon of the Year. And I have
heard by many Horfemen of good Credit, and
namely by Capt. Pikeman, Cornet to the Lord
Deputy's Troop, a Gentleman of good Eſtima-
tion in the Army, that this Night our Horſemen
fet to watch, to their feeming did fee Lamps burn
at the Points of their Staves or Spears in the
midſt of theſe Lightning Flaſhes. Tyrone's Guides
miffed the Way, fo as he came not up to our
Camp by Night, as the Spaniards ready in Arms
hourly expected, but early about the Break of the
next Day.
The 24th of December, fome half Hour before
Day, the Lord Deputy in his Houſe fitting at
Council with the Lord Prefident and Mafter Mar-
fhal, as thinking the intended Enterprize of the
Enemy by fome Accident to be broken, fuddenly
one of the Lord Prefident's Horſemen called him
at the Door, and told him, that Tyrone's Army
was come up very near to our Camp. And Sir
Richard Greame, having the Scout that Night,
when he diſcovered that Tyrone with his Forces
was on Foot marching towards the Camp, pre-
fently advertiſed the Lord Deputy thereof, and
his Lordſhip being always in Readineſs to enter-
tain them (feldom going to Bed by Night,) and
at this time (as I faid) fitting in Council, when he
heard that they were advanced within three Quar-
ters of a Mile to our Camp, caufed all our Men
to draw into Arms in the Quarter, and himfelf
with the Marſhal attending him, advanced to-
wards our Scouts, whence he fent the Marſhal
Sir
Chap. II.
of IRELAND.
47
Sir Richard Wing field, to take View of the Ene-
my, and he brought him Word, that they were
in the fame Place formerly advertiſed. Upon his
Return the Lord Deputy left for Defence of the
great Camp on the North-fide, his Lordship's
own Regiment, under his Lieutenant Sir Benja-
min Berry, the Lord Prefident's Regiment (who
was in his Lordship's Abſence to command both
Camps in Chief,) the Earl of Clanrickard's Regi-
ment, the Lord Audley his Regiment, and Sir Ri-
chard Moryfon his Regiment. This done, the Lord
Deputy fent a Corporal of the Field unto our
leffer Camp (or Quarter) commanded by the Earl
of Thomond, and gave Order there for difpofing
the four Regiments of the Earl of Thomond, Sir
Richard Percy, Sir Charles Wilmot, and Sir Chri-
topher St. Laurence, and directed how to ſet all
the Companies in their feveral Guards. In for-
mer Notes I find Sir Richard Percy's Regiment
quartered in the Earl of Thomond's Camp, but
here I find it reckoned among them of the grea-
ter Camp, and the Earl of Clanrickard's Regiment
in this leffer Camp, whereof I remember not the
Certainty, but am fure, howfoever they had been
changed, that the Regiments for Number, were
at this time thus difpofed in the two Camps. By
this time the Marſhal, with fome 400 Horſe, and
Sir Henry Power's Regiment (being to anſwer
Alarms, and fo drawn out at this time, as they
had been for three Nights before on like Occa-
fion) was advanced within twenty Score of the
Enemy, the Ground rifing fo high between them
and our Men, as they could not fee one the
other.
It was now the Break of Day, whereas Mid-
night was the time appointed for the Rebels to
meet with Don Jean's Forces, the Spaniard being
to fet upon our leffer Camp (or the Earl of Tho-
mond's Quarter,) and Tyrrel leading the Rebels
Van-
48
MORYSON'S History Book II.
Van-guard (in which were the Spaniards lately
landed at Caftle-baven,) and Tyrone leading their
Battail, and o Donnel their Rear, being all to fet
upon our chief Camp, conceiving themſelves of
fufficient Strength to force both our Camps at one
Inftant, and to make no great Work of it.
The Lord Deputy, with the Lord Preſident in
his Company, being come up to our Forces, led
out againſt Tyrone, and refolving there to give
him Battle, commanded Sir John Barkley, Ser-
jeant-Major, to draw out of the Camp the two
Regiments of Sir Oliver St. John and Sir Henry
Folliot: Upon their coming up, the Enemy find-
ing us refolved to fight retired himſelf over a
Ford, and the Marſhal feeing them difordered in
their Retreat fent Word thereof by Sir Francis
Rush to the Lord Deputy defiring leave to fight,
and his Lordship by Sir Samuel Bagnol gave him
leave to order that Service according as he, in
his Diſcretion, fhould find the Difpofition of the
Enemy, and therewith fent back Sir George Ca-
rew, Lord Prefident, with 3 Troops of Horfe to
the great Camp, to command both Camps in
chief and to make head against the Spaniards if
they ſhould fally out of the Town.
But the Spaniards ftill expecting the coming up
of the Rebels, according to their mutual Project,
and never imagining that we with our fmall For-
ces could draw out fufficient Bands to meet and
beat the Rebels, contained themſelves within the
Town Walls, till (as by the Sequel fhall appear)
their Sallies could little profit them.
After the faid Meffage fent to the Marshal,
preſently the Earl of Clanrickard came up and ex-
ceedingly importuned the Marshal to fight;
whereupon the Marſhal drew a Squadron of Foot
with their Drum to the Ford, and willed Sir Ri-
chard Greames with his Horſe to march directly
to the Ford; then the Enemy retired haftily
with
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
49
with Horſe and Foot over a boggy Ground to
firm Land, hoping to keep that boggy Paffage
againſt us; then the Marshal directed Sir Henry
Davers (commanding the Horſe under him) with
his Horfe and Sir Henry Power with his Regi-
ment of Foot to advance, who preſently came
over the forefaid Ford unto him. The Lord De-
puty being upon the Hill with 2 Regiments of
Foot commanded the Serjeant Major there attend-
ing him to ſecond our Men with thoſe Foot; fo
the Marſhal, having the Earl of Clanrickard and
Sir Henry Davers with him, advanced with ſome
100 Horſe, and began with a 100 Harquibufiers
(led by Lieutenant Cowel, a valiant Gentleman,
marked by a red Cap he wore to be a fpecial In-
ftrument in this Fight) to give Occafion of Skir-
mish on the Bog-fide, which the Rebels with
fome looſe Shot entertained, their 3 Battalions
ſtanding firm on the one Side of the Bog, and
our Fort on the other Side: In this Skirmifh our
Foot were put up hard to our Horfe, which the
Marſhal perceiving, put forth more Shot, which
made the Rebels retire towards their Battail :
then the Marſhal finding a Way through a Ford
to the Ground where the Rebels ftood he pof-
ſeſſed the ſame with fome Foot, and preſently he
paffed over with the Earl of Clanrickard, Sir Ri-
chard Greames, Capt. Taffe, and Capt. Fleming,
and their Horfe, and offered to charge one of the
Rebels Battails of 1800 Men; but finding them
ftand firm, our Horſe wheeled about. Now Sir
Henry Davers with the rest of the Horfe, Sir
William Godolphin with the Lord Deputy's, and
Capt. Minshal with the Lord Prefident's Troops
(kept by the Lord Deputy to anſwer all Accidents,)
and our Serjeant-Major with 2 Regiments (ſent
by the Lord Deputy to fecond the Regiment
of Sir Henry Power being with the Mafhal) came
all up, whereupon the Marshal with the Horfe
VOL. II
charged
D
50
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II.
:
charged Home upon the Rear of the Battle, and
the Irish not uſed to fight in plain Ground, and
ſomething amazed with the blowing up of a Gun-
powder Bag (they having upon the like Fright
defeated the English of old at Blackwater,) but
moft difcouraged to fee their Horſe fly (being all
Chiefs of Septs and Gentlemen, to the Number
of 5 or 600,) were fuddenly routed, and our
Men followed the Execution: the other two Bat-
tails that food ftill, now finding this routed,
made hafte to fuccour them; whereupon the Lord
Deputy fent inftantly Capt. Francis Roe with Sir
Oliver St. John's Regiment (of which he was
Lieutenant-Colonel) to charge on the Flank of
the Vanguard, which preſently retired diforderly,
being followed by our Foot and Horſe; but the
Spaniards, landed at Caftle-haven, marching there,
and being not fo good of Foot as the Irish, drew
out by themſelves, yet were by Sir William Go-
dolphin, leading the Lord Deputy's Troop, foon
broken, and moſt of them killed, the reft (with
their chief Commander, Don Alonzo del Campo)
being taken Prifoners, namely, 2 Captains, 7 Al-
fieroes, and 40 Soldiers, whereof fome were of
good Quality. In the mean Time many of the
light footed Irish of the Van eſcaped, as did like-
wife almoſt all the Rear, by Advantage of this
Execution done upon the Spaniards and the main
Battle, (of which Body far greater than either of
the other, all were killed) but only fome 60 or
thereabouts.
Thus the Irish Horfe first leaving the Foot,
then two of the Battallions being routed, they all
fell to fly for Life, our Men doing Execution up-
on many in the Place. On our Part Sir Richard
Greames, Cornet, was killed, Sir Henry Davers,
Sir William Godolphin, Capt. Henry Crofts, Scout-
mafter, were flightly hurt, only 6 Soldiers hurt,
but many of our Horfes killed, and more hurt.
The
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
51
The Irish Rebels left 1200 Bodies dead in the
Field, befides thofe that were killed in 2 Miles
Chafe; we took 9 of their Enfigns, all their
Drums and Powder, and got more than 2000
Arms: And had not our Men been greedy of the
Spaniards Spoil, being very rich; had not our
Foot been tired with continual Watchings long
before in this hard Winter's Siege; had not our
Horſe eſpecially been spent by ill keeping and
Want of all Meat for many Days before, (by
Reaſon of Tyrone's Nearnefs, fo as the Day before
this Battle it had been refolved in Council to fend
the Horſe from the Camp for Want of Means to
feed them, and if Tyrone had lain ftill and not
ſuffered himſelf to be drawn to the plain Ground
by the Spaniards Importunity, all our Horſe muſt
needs have been fent away or ftarved;) had not
theſe Impediments been we had then cut the
Throats of all the Rebels there affembled, for
they never made Head againſt them that followed
the Execution, nor fcarce ever looked behind
them, but every Man fhifted for himſelf, cafting
off his Arms, and running for Life, infomuch as
Tyrone after confeffed himself to be overthrown
by a fixth Part of his Number, which he afcribed
(as we muſt, and do) to God's great Work, be-
yond Man's Capacity, and withal acknowledged
that he loft above 1000 in the Field, befides fome
800 hurt: This we underſtood by the faithful
Report of one who came from him fome few
Days after, and told the Lord Deputy more-
over, that he tormented himſelf exceedingly for
this his Overthrow.
After the Battle the Lord Deputy in the midſt
of the dead Bodies caufed Thanks to be given to
God for this Victory, and there preſently knighted
the Earl of Clanrickard in the Field, who had
many fair Eſcapes, his Garments being often
pierced
D 2
52
Book II.
MORYSON'S History
pierced with Shot and other Weapons, and with
his own Hand killed above 20 Irish Kerne, and
cried out to ſpare no Rebel. The captive Spa-
nish Commander, Alonzo del Campo, avowed that
the Rebels were 6000 Foot and foo Horſe;
500
whereas the Lord Deputy had but fome 1200
Foot, and leſs than 400 Horſe. So before Noon
his Lordſhip returned to the Camp, where com-
manding Vollies of Shot for Joy of the Victory,
the Spaniards perhaps miftaking the Caufe, and
dreaming of the Rebels Approach, prefently fal-
liet out, but were foon beaten into the Town,
eſpecially when they faw our Triumph, and per-
ceived our Horſemen from the Hill on the Weft-
fide to wave the Colours we had taken in the Bat-
tle, and among the reft, eſpecially the Spanish
Colours, (for fuch most of them were, the Re-
bels in Woods not ufing that martial Bravery).
The fame Day an old written Book was fhewed
to the Lord Deputy, wherein was a Prophefy
naming the Ford and Hill where this Battle was
given, and foretelling a great Overthrow to be-
fal the Irish in that Place.
A Note given by one of Tyrone's Followers of his
Lofs at this Overthrow.
Tirlogh 6 Hagan, Son to Art ô Hagan, Com-
mander of 500, flain himſelf with all his Com-
pany, except 20, whereof 11 were hurt, and of
them 7 died the 18th Day after their Return.
Kedagh Mac Donnel, Captain of 300, flain
with all his Men, except 60, whereof there were
hurt 25.
Donnel Groome Mac Donnel, Captain of 100,
flain himſelf and his whole Company.
Rory Mac Donnel, Captain of 100, flain him-
felf and his Company.
Five
Chap. II.
53
of IRELAND.
Five of the Clancans, Captains of roo, them-
ſelves ſlain and their Companies, except 78, where-
of 18 were hurt.
Surly Boys Sons had Followers in Number
300,
under the leading of Capt. Mulmore & Hagherty,
all flain with the faid Mulmore, faving 31, where-
of 20 were hurt. Colle Duff Mac Donnel, Cap-
tain of 100, loſt with all his Company.
Three of the Neals, Captains of 300, fent
by Cormock Mac Baron, all loft faving 18, where-
of there were 9 hurt.
Captains flain, 14. Soldiers flain, 1995. Sol-
diers hurt, 76.
The 25th Day (being our Christmas-day) the
Spaniards in the Afternoon made a flight Sally,
but finding us ready to entertain them preſently
they drew back, yet to hinder our making a
Trench which we then began, and which they
found would do them much hurt, they fallied
again ftrongly at 9 of the Clock in the Night,
and maintained the Fight till 11, wherein the
Enfigns to Capt. Roper and Capt. Gheft, with di-
vers others on our Part, were hurt hard by their
Wall, but in fhort Space after they were beaten
into the Town with many of theirs hurt, and fo
we perfected that Work. The 26th in the Night
the Spaniards made another Sally at the Weſt-
gate (as formerly) upon a new Trench we kept
clofe to the Town, and that fo hotly as they in-
forced our Men to quit it, having the Lieutenant
of that Guard and 10 more of them fhot: But
when the Spaniards made up to our lower Fort
they were prefented with a Volly of Shot in their
Teeth, which killed 4 and hurt 8 of them, and
ſo they drew into the Town.
D 3
The
54
MORYSON'S History Book II.
The 27th the Lord Deputy dispatched Sir Henry
Davers into England with the following Letters
(touching the happy Overthrow of Tyrone) from
his Lordship and the Council here to the Lords in
England.
It may pleaſe your Lordships,
N the laſt Diſpatch fent by Sir Oliver St. John,
which long ere this Time we hope is fafely deli-
vered unto your Hands, there was at large reveal-
ed unto you all our Proceedings at the Siege, and
alfo the Eftate we were then in, having before
us in the Town the Spanish Forces, and at our
Backs Tyrone and 6 Donnel with the Irish Army;
fince whoſe Departure they diflodged from the
Place where they then encamped, and lay in Canip
within leſs than 2 Miles of us in the Way towards
Cork, whereby the Paffage from our Camp to
Cork was blocked up, fo as no Provifions for our
Relief from thence could come unto us, which
unto the Army was a great Annoyance, and wẹ
in a Manner were no better than befieged. The
Enemies proud in their Strength refolved to fet
up their Refts, accounting us in their Opinion
loft Men, unable to refift ſo great a Power, and
therefore by a general Confent they determined
on all Parts to give upon our Camp, as well out
of the Town by the Spaniards, as by the Irish on
the other Side, and according to that Refolution,
on Christmas-even before Day, Tyrone with his
Army rofe, and with all his Forces of Horfe and
Foot by Break of Day prefented himſelf in Or-
der of Battle; but it pleafed God in his Goodneſs
to give us a gracious Victory with a Handful of
Men in reſpect of his Army, the Particulars
whereof being too long to infert in a Letter, we
humbly refer your Lordships to the Relation fent
with theſe wherein the fame is at large and par-
ticularly
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
55
ticularly related; in which Overthrow we gained
many Spanish Letters of great Confequence, the
moſt effectual of which we ſend unto your Lord-
ſhips herewith, together with a brief Abſtract
of thoſe which we reſerve here, as unwilling to
trouble your Lordships with thofe of lefs Moment.
By View of which Intelligence and Advices, and
the Relation of fuch Spanish Prifoners of Ac-
count and Underſtanding as we have had Confe-
rence withal, the fecond and further Preparation
of the foreign Enemy is more apparently difco-
vered than at the diſpatching away of Sir Oliver
St. John; and therefore we may not ceafe humbly
to importune your Lordships in regard of thefe
threatned Supplies by Sea and Land, and that
the great and ſpeedy Ufe we have of the
Men, Munition, Victuals, and Treafure, which
we formerly moved your Lordships for in the
Letters fent by the faid Sir Oliver St. John, will
admit no long Delays, that your Lordships will
not only be pleafed to fupply us prefently there-
with, but that thofe Proportions may be enlarged
in every Point, as in your Wifdoms (upon due
Regard had to the Intelligences fent herewith)
thall be thought meet; for in our Underſtanding
(we being now by the Occafions aforefaid enabled
to know more of the Enemies Defigns than we
did before) all of every Kind that was by us for-
merly written for will be too little: And further,
in as much as the chief Strength of our Army
confifteth in our Horfe-Troops, who in this Ser-
vice were the principal Means and Inftruments of
the Overthrow given the Enemy, as well in giv-
ing the firft Charge, as in doing and following
the Execution; for the Preſervation of them in
Strength we humbly pray your Lordships that
the 2000 Quarters of Oats formerly written for
may preſently be difpached hither; and in regard
the whole Country is fo harried and waited that
D 4
it
56
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II.
it cannot yield us any Relief, and that without
Corn our Horfes (as they begin) muft daily weak-
en more and more, and fo our Army be in Ha-
zard to perish; for timely Prevention thereof we
humbly pray your Lordships that an Addition of
Oats may be given to the faid Proportion, and
although not at once, yet from Time to Time
fent hither, as Conveniency of Shipping will
give leave; for we dare affure your Lordships,
if for Want of them our Horſes had not been grown
fo feeble, there had few of the Enemies Horſe or
Foot eſcaped: And that your Lordſhips will be
further pleaſed to fend away with the beſt Ex-
pedition the Munition and Habiliments of War
already written for, and to fend the fame with
all poffible Hafte according to the Demands fent
herewith, and fubfcribed by the Mafter of the
Ordnance, without which all other Charges and
Provifions are to no Purpoſe. We alſo pray your
Lordships that you will be pleaſed to have Con-
fideration to fend hither a competent Fleet to
guard the Coaſt, for we are of Opinion, and fo
gather by the Collections we have probably made
that the King of Spain's Fleet will be great,
which being granted, the Ships we have here
will not be enough to fupply all Occafions,
confidering how they must be difperfed both to
defend the Coaft and to prohibit the fending and
arrival of their Seconds, as alfo to anſwer all
other Services wherein Shipping is neceffary to
be employed. And forafmuch as the Ending and
Diverfion of this War refteth chiefly in the
weakning and difenabling of Tyrone, (whofe Re-
putation by this laft Overthrow is both with the
foreign Enemy and his own Followers very much
blemished); and for that it may be apparently
conceived that the Spaniard will no longer main-
tain a tedious and chargeable War in this remote
Kingdom than he hath a strong and powerful
Party,
Chap. II. of IRELAND,
"
57
Party, and fafe means of landing therein: To dif-
enable him from this Affurance and Hopes here, in
our Underſtanding, the ſending of 4000 Scots in-
to Ulfter, would do excellent Service, and they
being once joined with her Majefty's Forces at
Loughfoyle and Carrickfergus, would either abfo-
lutely baniſh Tyrone from thence, by poffeffing all
the Holds and Places of Strength in Ulfter, or
elſe conſtrain him to make his Defence at home,
and keep him from giving any Help to the Spa-
niards, and fo be utterly rejected from having ei-
ther Credit or Aids hereafter from them.
The fame time the Lord Deputy wrote to Mafter
Secretary this following Letter.
SIR,
E have written to the Lords both of our
W
Eftate and Defires, and do with that it may
pleaſe them to conceive that the Materials be great
that muſt ſtop the Breach that the King of Spain.
hath already made in this Country, and a flender
Oppofition will not refift, but be carried away
with an Inundation, if he fend Supplies. We
have already miraculously overcome one dangerous
Brunt, and God hath given the Queen the great-
eft Victory that ever the obtained in this Čoun-
try, but believe me, Sir, that there is no one
Place that is defended with good Men, but will
go near to break the Army that doth force it,
though it be carried. We have forced two Places
already held by the Spaniard, and now he remains
poffeffed and fortified in four feveral Places more,
with great Store of Munition, Artillery and Vic-
tuals. There is Supply of Horfe and Foot cer-
tainly coming unto them, fome fay in great Num-
bers. We have indured, (I dare boldly fay) the
moft miferable Siege for Extremity of Weather
and Labour, that in this Age hath been heard of.
If
58
MORYSON'S History Book II.
If it pleaſe God to enable us to effect this, it is
impoffible for this Army to undertake, in this
Seaſon, and thoſe Places, as it is now or will be
diminished, any prefent Service without Reſt.
Believe me, Sir, you must make Peace, or pro-
vide for a chargeable War; for there is nothing
that carries thefe Places without Royal Provifions.
If her Majefty think her own Occafions, and
not us her poor Minifters, to be the Cauſe of this
huge Expence, I fhall willingly indure the Pur-
gatory I live in, and facrifice my Time, my Life
and my Living, to do her the beſt Service I can;
but if you find that the conceiveth the worfe of
me, becauſe I am the Cook to drefs her Diet here
fo chargeably, I beseech you, Sir, (if I may ever
deferve your Love) ufe your uttermoft Power to
rid me ſpeedily of my Office, and I dare prefume
that I have made no evil Way for my Succeffor
to tread after me. I would fain write much unto
you, but with Wet and Heat in the laft Over-
throw, I have taken fome cold, and my Head doth
make me write in great Pain. I befeech you,
Sir, pardon me, and efteem me your honeft poor
Friend, that am refolved to be fo ever.
I was
glad to fend Sir Henry Davers over with this good
News, who (I affure you) hath taken exceeding
Pains, and loft fome of his Blood in this laft Ser-
vice, and befides fome Neceffity of his own, hath
long defired fuch an Opportunity to come over
for a time. And fo, Sir, I befeech God to fend
us Peace, for I am weary of the War.
From before Kinfale
the 27th of De-
cember, 1601.
Your's, Sir,
Moft affured,
to do you Service,
Mountjoy.
The
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
59
The 28th Day of December, the Lord Deputy
was advertiſed that Syrriago a principal Com-
mander of the Spaniards, landed in the Weſt
Parts, having received News of Tyrone's Over-
throw, was fuddenly gone for Spain, without ac-
quainting any of the Spaniards therewith, and
that he carried with him in the fame Ship Hugh
ô Donnel. And thus was the old Prophely fully
accomplished, which often before we had heard,
namely, that Munster fhould be the Deſtruction
of the three great Northern Hughs. For Hugh
Mac Guyer, Lord of Fermanagh, and the firſt Ro-
bin Hood of this great Rebellion, was long fince
killed near the City of Cork, and Hugh Tyrone, and
Hugh 6 Donnel were overthrown at Kinfale, where-
of Hugh ô Donnel is now fled for Spain, whence
he never returned; and Hugh Tyrone drew faintly
his laft Breath in the North, without hope of
better Living, than as a Wood-kerne here, or as
a Fugitive abroad. Likewife Hugh Moftian, a fa-
mous Rebel at this time fled with ô Donnel into
Spain.
The 29th Day his Lordship had Advertiſe-
ments from divers Places, that Tyrone in his Flight
out of Munster, paffing the Blackwater, loft ma-
ny of his Carriages, and had fome 140 of his Men
drowned, Fear making them fo hafty, as they
could not attend the paffing of their own Fel-
lows, much lels the Fall of the Waters.
The laft of December Don Jean, Ge-
The Spaniard
neral of the Spaniards, offered a Parley, parlics.
fending his Drum-Major out of the
Town with an Alfiero, bringing a fealed Letter
from him to the Lord Deputy, by which he re-
quired, (as by the fame fent in the next Difpatch
by Sir Richard Moryfon to the Lords in England
appeareth) that fome Gentleman of ſpecial Truft
and Sufficiency, might be fent from the Lord De-
puty into the Town, for whofe Pledge a Spanish
Gen-
1
60
Book II.
MORYSON'S History
Gentleman of like Quality fhould be fent by Don
Jean into the Camp, and upon Conference he
would acquaint the faid Gentleman with the Con-
ditions upon which he ftood. This granted, the
Lord Deputy choſe Sir William Godolphin to be
imployed in this important Negotiation, and ſent
him into the Town to confer with Don Jean, as
he likewife fent Don Pedro Henrico to remain in
the Camp.
His firſt Conference with Sir William Godolphin
tended to this. That having found the Lord De-
puty (whom he termed Viceroy) though a fharp
and powerful, yet an honourable Enemy; and the
Irish not only weak and barbarous, but (as he
feared) perfidious Friends, he was fo far in his Af-
fection reconciled to the one, and diftafted with
the other, as he was thereby induced to make an
Overture of fuch a Compofition as might be fafe
and profitable for the State of England, with leaft
Prejudice to the Crown of Spain, by delivering
into the Viceroy's Power the Town of Kinfale,
with all other Places held by the Spaniards in Ire-
land, fo as they might depart upon honourable
Terms, fitting Men of War not forced by Ne-
ceffity to receive Conditions, but willingly indu-
ced for juft Refpects to relinquish a People by
whom their King and Mafter had been notoriouf-
ly abufed, if not betrayed. That if the Vice-
roy liked to entertain this Parley, he would pleaſe
to underſtand him rightly, and make fuch Propo-
fitions as were fuitable to Men refolved rather to
bury themſelves alive, than to give Way to any
Accord that fhould tafte of Difhonour, being
confident of their prefent Strength and the Roy-
al Seconds of Spain, did not the former Refpects
lead them to difingage their King of this Enter-
prize. Sir William Godolphin directed only to receive
his Demands, returned to the Camp, and related
them to the Lord Deputy and Council. The An-
fwer
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
61
fwer fent back by him was this; that howsoever
the Lord Deputy had lately defeated the Iriſh,
and well underſtood their Weaknefs and the un-
refiftible Difficulties that preffed them, however
they laboured to cover the fame, yet knowing that
her facred Majefty his Miftrefs, would in her
merciful Difpofition repute her Victory blemiſhed
by voluntary Effufion of Chriftian Blood, he was
content to entertain this Offer of Agreement, ſo
it were upon honourable Terms, fitting the Ad-
vantage her Majefty had againſt them.
In the next Conference the Lord Deputy re-
quired for the firft Article, that Don Jean fhould
leave his Treafure, Munition, and Artillery, and
the Queen's natural Subjects to be difpofed at her
Majesty's Pleaſure. But Don Jean vowed rather
to indure the laſt of Miſeries, than to be guilty of
ſo foul a Treaſon againſt his King, and the Re-
putation of his Profeffion, though he were unable
to fubfift, much more now when he had not on-
ly Means to ſuſtain the War, but hope by Pati-
ence and Conftancy to attain the beſt Ends of
his Bufineſs. Adding, that he took it fo ill to be
miſunderſtood, in having an Article of this nature
propounded to him, as if it were once more men-
tioned, the Viceroy fhould from thenceforth uſe
the Advantage of his Sword, and not the Benefit
of his former Proffers. He further faid, that the
Viceroy had Cauſe rather to judge 200000
Duckets well disburfed by the Queen, to have the
Spaniards quit their Poffeffion of Baltimore alone,
to fay nothing of Kinfale, Caftle-haven, and Beer-
haven, which with all them periſhing, yet Balti-
more might eafily be kept for the Arrival of the
Spanish Fleets and all Seconds that his Maſter ſo
deeply ingaged fhould pleaſe to fend, which might
draw on a more powerful Invafion, this first be-
ing undertaken upon falfe Grounds, at the In-
ftance of a bafe and barbarous People, who having
difco-
62
Book II.
MORYSON'S History
diſcovered their own Weakneſs, had armed his
King and Maſter to rely on his own Strength, be-
ing tied in honour to relieve his People thus ingaged.
This (faid he) I fpeak in cafe the Viceroy were
able to force Kinfale, as I affure my felf he can-
not, I having upon my Honour 2000 able fighting
Men old Soldiers, befides the Sick daily recover-
ing, now better inured to the Climate, and indu-
ring of all Hardneſs, befides our convenient
Means of Food, fuch as we Spaniards can well
live upon, and our Store of Munition moſt im-
porting, with confident Affurance fhortly to have
new Supplies of all things. Adding that he pre-
ferved his Strength, to be able to front us in a
Breach, which their Hearts not failing, they had
Hands and Breafts to ftop against treble our Forces,
though he would give the Viceroy that Right,
that his Men were paffing good, yet fpent and
tired with a Winter's Siege, obftinately conti-
nued beyond his Expectation, but with fuch Cau-
tion and ſo good Guard, as he having watched all
Advantages, could never make a Sally without
Lofs to his Part, wherein he acknowledged him-
felf much deceived, that grounding upon fome
Error in our Approaches, he had promiſed him-
felf the Defeat of 1000 Men at leaſt, and at one
Blow: But (faid he) when we meet in the Breach,
I am confident upon good Reaſons, to lay roo of
your beſt Men on the Earth, which Lofs will
make a great Hole in your Army, that hath alrea-
dy fuffered fuch Extremity.
Laftly, He concluded, that the King his Ma-
fter fent him to affift the two Counts ô Neal and
Donnel, and he prefuming on their Promiſes to
join their Forces with his within few Days, had
first long expected them in vain, and fuftained the
Viceroy's Army, and at laft had feen them drawn
to the greateſt Head they could make, lodged near
Kinfale, reinforced with Companies of Spaniards,
every
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
63
every Hour promifing him Relief; and at laſt
broken with a handful of Men, and blown afun-
der into divers Parts of the World, ô Donnel into
Spain, ô Neal into the furtheſt North: So as now
finding no fuch Counts in rerum Natura (to uſe
his very Words) with whom he was commanded
to join, he had moved this Accord, the rather to
difingage the King his Master from affifting a
People fo weak, as he muſt bear all the Burthen
of the War, and fo perfidious, as perhaps in Re-
quital of his Favour, they might at laft be won
to betray him.
Relation of this Conference being made to the
Lord Deputy and Council, they confidered, that
the Treaſure that Don Jean brought, was at firſt
but 100000 Ducats, whereof the greateſt Part
could not but be ſpent in paying his Soldiers 4
Months, and other Occafions of Expence, for
which and other good reafons, they concluded
not to ftand upon the firft Article, efpecially
fince many ſtrong Reafons made the Agreement,
as it was honourable, fo to feem very profitable to
the State of England; namely, that our Army
was wafted and tired with the Winter's Siege.
That it was dangerous to attempt a Breach de-
fended with fo many able Men. That if we
ſhould lodge in the Breach, yet they having many
ftrong Caſtles in the Town, fo much time might
be fpent ere we could carry it, as our Fleet for
want of Victuals might be forced to leave us.
That at this time our Army was only provided for
fix Days. That we had not Munition or Artil-
lery to make any more than one Battery in one
Place at once, five of our Pieces being crazed.
That upon any Difafter befalling us, the Irish were
like to revolt. That befides the taking of Kin-
fale, the other Places held by the Spaniards, as
Baltimore, Caftle-haven, and Beer-haven, would
have made a long and dangerous War, with in-
finite
64
MORYSON'S History Book II.
finite Charge to the State of England, they being
ftrongly fortified, and well ftored with all Provi-
fions of War, and our Army being fo tired, as
it could not attempt them, without being firft
refreshed, and then being fupplied with all Ne-
ceffaries, to the unfupportable Charge of our State,
muſt have been carried by Sea to thoſe Places, un-
acceffable by Land. Laftly, that in this time the
King of Spain could not but fend them power-
ful Seconds, being thus far engaged in his Ho-
nour. Befides that by this long War we should
be hindred from Profecution of the Rebels, who
were now fo broken, as in fhort time they muſt
needs be brought to abfolute Subjection.
After many goings to and fro, certain Articles
were agreed upon the ſecond of January, towards
the End of the Year 1601, according to the Eng-
lish, who end and begin the Year at our Lady-
Day in Lent, but the Articles bear Date the 12th
of Janunary, 1602, after the new Stile, and ac-
cording to the Spanish Manner, to begin the Year
the firſt Day of the fame Month. The Lord De-
puty gave me the faid Articles in English to be
fair written, that the Copy thereof being figned
by both the Generals, might be fent into England.
And likewife his Lordfhip commanded me to
tranflate the fame Articles into the Latin and Ita-
lian Tongues, that two Copies of each being
figned by the Generals, one of each might re-
main with the Lord Deputy, and the others be
fent to the King of Spain. Thefe Articles follow
Word by Word in English, as they were figned
by the Lord Deputy and the Spanish General.
The
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
65
•
The Conditions of the Spaniards yielding Kinfale
and other Places.
I
Mountjoy:
N the Town of Kinfale, in the Kingdom of
Ireland, the 12th of the Month of January,
1602, between the noble Lords, the Lord Mount-
joy, Lord Deputy and General in the Kingdom
of Ireland, for her Majesty the Queen of England,
and Don Jean de l' Aguila, Captain and Camp-
Maſter General and Governor of the Army of
his Majefty the King of Spain, the faid Lord
Deputy being encamped and befieging the ſaid
Town, and the faid Don Jean within it, for juſt
Refpects and to avoid fhedding of Blood, theſe
Conditions following were made between the faid
Lords Generals and their Camps, with the Arti-
cles which follow.
I. First, That the faid Don Jean de l' Aguila
fhall quit the Places which he holds in this King-
dom, as well of the Town of Kinfale, as thoſe
which are held by the Soldiers under his Com-
mand, in Castle-haven, Baltimore, and the Caftle
at Beer-haven, and other Parts, to the faid Lord
Deputy (or to whom he fhall appoint,) giving
him fafe Tranfportation, and fufficient for the
faid People of Ships and Victuals, with the which
the faid Don Jean with them may go for Spain,
if he can at one time, if not, in two Shippings.
II. Item, That the Soldiers at this preſent be-
ing under the Command of Don Jean in this
Kingdom, ſhall not bear Arms againſt her Maje-
fty the Queen of England, wherefoever Supplies
fhall come from Spain, till the faid Soldiers be un-
ſhipped in fome of the Ports of Spain, being dif
VOL. II.
E
patched
66
MORYSON'S History Book II.
patched as foon as may be by the Lord Deputy,
as he promiſeth upon his Faith and Honour.
III. For the Accompliſhment whereof, the
Lord Deputy offereth to give free Paffport to
the faid Don Jean and his Army, as well Spaniards
as other Nations whatfoever, that are under his
Command, and that he may depart with all the
things he hath, Arms, Munition, Money, En-
figns difplayed, Artillery, and other whatfoever
Provifions of War, and any Kind of Stuff, as
well that which is in Castle-baven, as Kinſale, and
other Parts.
IV. Item, That they fhall have Ships and Vic-
tuals fufficient for their Money, according and at
the Prices which here they uſe to give, that all the
People and the ſaid things may be ſhipped, if it be
poffible at one time, if not, at two, and that to
be within the time above-named.
V. Item, That if by contrary Winds, or by
any other Occafions there fhall arrive at any Port
of thefe Kingdoms of Ireland or England, any
Ships of theſe, in which theſe Men go, they be
intreated as Friends, and may ride fafely in the
Harbour, and be victualled for their Money, and
have moreover things which they fhall need, to
furnish them to their Voyage.
VI. Item, During the time that they fhall ftay
for Shipping, Victuals fhall be given to Don Jean's
People at juft and reaſonable Rates.
VII. Item, That of both Parts fhall be Ceffa-
tion of Arms and Security, that no Wrong be
offered to any one.
•
VIII. Item,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
67
VIII. Item, That the Ships in which they
fhall go for Spain, may pafs fafely by any other
Ships whatſoever of her Majefty's the Queen of
England, and fo fhall the Ships of the faid Queen
and her Subjects, by thofe that fhall go from
hence: And the faid Ships being arrived in Spain,
ſhall return ſo foon as they have unfhipped their
Men, without any impediment given them by
his Majesty the King of Spain, or any other Per-
fon in his Name, but rather they fhall fhew them
Favour, and help them if they need any thing,
and for Security of this, that they fhall give into
the Lord Deputy's Hands three Captains, fuch as
he ſhall chufe.
IX. For the Security of the Performance of
thefe Articles Don Jean offereth that he will con-
firm and fwear to accomplish this Agreement,
and likewife fome of the chief Captains of his
Charge ſhall ſwear and confirm the fame in a fe-
veral Writing.
X. Item, that Don Jean in Perfon fhall abide
in this Kingdom where the Lord Deputy fhall
appoint, till the laft Shipping, upon his Lord-
fhip's Word; and if it happen that his People
be ſhipped all at once, the faid Don Jean fhall go
in the fame Fleet without any Impediment given
him, but rather the Lord Deputy fhall give him
a good Ship in which he may go; and if his faid
Men be fent in two fhippings, then he fhall go
in the last.
XI. And in like Sort the faid Lord Deputy
fhall fwear, and confirm, and give his Word on
the Behalf of her Majesty the Queen and his
own, to keep and accomplish this Agreement,
and jointly the Lord Prefident, the Marshal of
E 2
the
68
MORYSON'S History Book II.
the Camp, and the other of the Council of State,
and the Earls of Thomond and Clanrickard, fhall
fwear and confirm the fame in a feveral Wri-
ting.
I promiſe and fwear to accompliſh and keep
thefe Articles of Agreement, and promife
the fame likewife on the Behalf of his Ma-
jesty the Catholick King my Maſter,
Don Jean de l'Aguila.
George Carew, Clanrickard, Thomond,
R. Wingfield, George Bourcher, Rob.
Gardner, Richard Levifon.
The Date of this Writing is after the new Stile.
Don Jean de l'Aguila.`
Fynes Moryfon.
The Siege of
This Agreement being affigned by
Kinfale raiſed. Hands,promifed by honourable Words,
and confirmed by folemn Oaths on
both Parts, the Lord Deputy raiſed the Siege
upon the 9th of January, and his Lordship, with
Don Jean de l'Aguila and ſome of the chief Spa-
mfh Captains in his Company, rode that Day to
Cork, whither our Army marched the fame Day,
the Grofs of the Spaniards remaining at Kinfale.
After the Lord Deputy difperfed the Army thro'
the Towns of Munster to be lodged, namely, at
Cork, Waterford, Yoghal, Rofs, Callan, Cafbel,
Thomastown, Kilkenny, Dungarvan, and Clonmel.
The 10th of January his Lordfhip gave Order to
the Victualler to provide a Month's Bifquet for
3500
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
69
3500 Spaniards, after a Pound and a half each
Day for a Man, and to provide for them as much
Beef and Beer, proportionably, as could be got-
ten with Speed. His Lordfhip gave Order that
the Shipping ſhould be unladen in the Ports and
made ready to tranſport the Spaniards into Spain.
The 11th of January his Lordſhip received Let-
ters dated the 22d of November from the Lords in
England, advertiſing that the Earl of Defmond was
there lately dead, and therefore requiring that the
Company of Foot kept in his Name, and for his
Maintenance, fhould be difcharged, referving that
Part of Entertainment which out of the fame
was allotted to the Lord Bishop of Cashel and
to the Relief of the Earl of Defmond's Sifters;
further advertiſing that 1800 Quarters of Oats
were fent into Munster for the Horfe Troops,
which would with the Tranfportation coft her
Majeſty 15 s. the Quarter, and were to be iffued
to the Troops at the fame Rate.
The fame Day his Lordship received Letters, dated
the 24th of December, from the Lords in Eng-
land, as followeth.
AFTER our right hearty Commendations to
Lordship, we have now at laft (after
long and great Expectation) received your Let-
ters by Sir Oliver St. John, who arrived yeſter-
night at the Court, by whom although her Ma-
jeſty hath not received fo much Satisfaction as
was hoped for upon the former Probabilities con-
tained in your Diſpatches, yet his relation hath
made a great Alteration of that Anxiety in which
her Majefty remained by thoſe Reports which
have been brought to this Place, to which, in
reſpect of your long and unexpected Silence (from
thoſe Parts,) we could no Way give Contradic
E 3
tion,
70
Book II.
MORYSON'S Hiftory
tion, having not received (before now) any par
ticular advertiſement fince the Arrival of Sir Tho-
maş Savage, and therefore no Way able to make
any Judgment of your Eftate, which was thus de-
fcribed, First, that the Irish Rebels lodged cloſe
by you; that your Camp was full of all Mifery
and Penury (to the great Slander of this King-
dom); laitly, that there were 6000 Spaniards
landed, of which laſt Particular my Lord of Or-
mond's Man was the Relator. For prevention of
which Uncertainty hereafter, we are commanded
in her Majefty's Name to require you from hence-
forward to advertife us frequently from time to
time of your Proceedings, to the Intent that her
Majesty may still have Means to provide for your
Support, which you may not look to receive
from hence in the time you fhall ufe them except
we may be daily informed before-hand from you
of all fuch particular Circumftances as fall out
in that Place. To come therefore now to this
preſent Diſpatch, we have perufed your Journals,
both of the Services done and of the Difficulties
which have interrupted your Proceedings hitherto,
whereupto we mean to make no other Reply than
this; That we that know your Judgment and Af-
fection to her Majesty's Service fo well as we do,
muft fay thus much, that we are no more doubt-
ful that you have done as much as you could,
than you have Reaſon, (we hope,) by the Courſe
that is taken with you from hence, not to be-
lieve and know that her Majefty hath in no Sort
neglected you: For Demonftration whereof you
fhall first underſtand, that before the Arrival of
Sir Oliver St. John her Majefty had given Order
for 4000 Men to be fent into Munster, with fuch
Supplies of Munition and Victuals as her Majefty
thought fit provifionally to fend, though (for
lack of advertiſement) we could not make any
other
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
"I
other particular Judgment what were too much or
too little: Only this we know, that if that Body
of Spanish Forces (which are now in that King-
dom) fhall not be defeated before the like Body
of an Army (or a greater) arrive, her Majefty
fhall be put to fuch a War in the End, as how-
foever this State may undergo the exceffive Char-
ges of continual Levies and Tranſportation (which
you will well confider to be of intolerable Bur-
then to this Kingdom, all Circumftances confi-
dered,) yet fuch will be the extreme Difficulties
to maintain fuch an Army in that Realm, where
it must fight againſt foreign Armies and an uni-
verfal Rebellion, and in a Climate full of Con-
tagion, and in a Kingdom utterly waſted, as we
do well foreſee that it will draw with it more
pernicious Confequents than ever this State was
fubject to: For whofoever fhall now behold the
Beginning of this malicious Defign of the King
of Spain muft well conclude, although he hath
now begun his Action upon a falfe Ground to
find a powerful Party in that Kingdom at his firſt
Deſcent (wherein he hath been in fome Meaſure
deceived,) yet ſeeing he is now fo deeply engaged,
and ſo well findeth his Error, that he will value
his Honour at too high a Rate to fuffer fuch a
Work to diffolve in the firft Foundation; in
confideration whereof her Majefty, like a provi-
dent Prince, reſolveth preſently to fend a ſtrong
Fleet to his own Coaft to prevent his new Rein-
forcement, not doubting, if fuch a Difafter fhould
happen, that thefe Forces fhould remain fo long
unremoved by you in Ireland (which we cannot
believe) that her Majefty's Fleet fhall yet be in
great poffibility to defeat the new Supplies by the
Way; for which Purpoſe her Majefty perceiv-
ing how dangerous a thing it is for the Fleet in.
Ireland to lie off at Sea in this Winter Weather
(which they muſt do, if it be intended that they
shall hinder a Defcent,) and how fuperfluous a
E 4
thing
72 MORYSON'S History Book II.
thing it is to maintain fuch a Fleet only to lie in
Harbours, her Majefty is pleaſed to revoke the
greateſt Part of her royal Ships hither, and to
add to them a great Proportion and fend them all
to the Coast of Spain, leaving ftill fuch a com-
petent Number of Ships there as may fufficiently
block up the Harbour, and give Security and
Countenance to Transportation; to which End
we have written a Letter in her Majefty's Name
to revoke Sir Richard Levifun, and to leave Sir
Amias Prefton with the Charge of thofe Ships
contained in this Note, to whom we have given
Directions in all things to apply himſelf to thoſe
Courfes which you fhall think moft expedient for
that Service. You fhall alfo underſtand that we
have now directed Sir Henry Dockwra to fend
800 Men by Pole to Knockfergus to Sir Arthur
Chichester, and commanded him to make them up
1000, and fo with all Speed the faid Sir Arthur
himſelf to march up with 1000 of the beſt Men
to your Reinforcement in Munster. And thus
having for the prefent little elfe to write unto
you till we hear further, we do conclude with
our beſt Wiſhes unto you of all happy and fpee:
dy Succeſs; and fo remain, &c.
At the Court at Whitehall
the 24th of December,
1601.
The fame 11th Day of January his Lordship
received ether Letters from the Lords, dated the
27th of December, fignifying, that whereas his
Lordship had often moved on the Behalf of the
Captains that they might receive their full Pay,
without Deduction of the Soldiers Apparel,
which they themselves would provide, now her
Majefty was pleafed to condefcend thereunto. I
remember not whether his Lordship had moved
L
this
:
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
73
this fince, or before the new mixed Coin was
current, but fure this was great Advantage to her
Majefty at this Time, having pay'd Silver for the
Apparel, and being to make the full Pay in mixed
Money.
The fame 11th Day of January his Lordship
received from the Lords in England Letters dated
the 25th of November, fignifying, that a Propor-
tion of Victuals was provided at Plimouth, for
which he fhould fend four Merchant-fhips of the
Queen's Fleet at Kinfale. And requiring to be
advertiſed upon what Terms the Spaniards had
yielded, which were then fent over for England,
that they might be difpofed accordingly.
By the old Date of this Letter and another a
bove-mentioned of the 22d of November, received
all on the 11th of January, it may appear how
neceffary it is to have the Magazines in Ireland
well ſtored, and how dangerous it is that the Ar-
my ſhould depend on fudden Provifions.
The fame Day his Lordship received Letters
from the Lords in England that her Majefty had
made a Levy of 4000 Foot, whereof 2000 were
now at the Ports to be embarked for Munster,
namely, 1100 committed to the Charge of 11
Captains, and 900 under the Conduct of ſome of
the faid Captains left to his Lordship's Difpofal.
The 14th his Lordship, lying at the Bishop of Cork's
Houfe, received this following Letter from Don
Jean, lying in the Town of Cork, tranflated out
of Spanish.
ST
Moft Excellent Lord,
INCE they carried me to the City of Cork
certain Merchants have told me they think they
ſhould find Ships to carry me and my Folk into
Spain, if your Excellency would give them Li-
cence and Paffport, of which I humbly befeech
your
74 MORYSON'S History BookII.
your Highneſs, as alfo that of your great Benig
nity, your Excellency will have Pity of theſe his
Priſoners, who here doth expect the great Mercy
which fo great a Prince as your Excellency uſeth
towards his Servants and Prifoners. Thefe poor
Priſoners fuffer extreme Wants both with Hunger
and Cold, for there is no Suftenance given them
at all, nor find they any Alms. I beseech your
Excellency will be pleaſed to have Compaffion of
them. There is one dead of Hunger, and others
are ready to die of it. God keep your Excel-
lency the Years which we his Servants with his
Excellency.
From Cork the 24th
of January, 1602
(ftilo novo, and as
they write.)
Your Excellency's Servant,
Don Jean de l'Aguila.
The Spanish Prifoners were theſe taken at
Rincorran Castle, Men and Women, 90; taken
at Caftle Nypark, 16; taken in the Sally the zd
of December, 13; taken at Tyrone's Overthrow
the 24th of December, as well principal as ordi-
nary Men 41 Prifoners, in all 160; befides the
Run-a-ways during the Siege were 30, and theſe,
together with many of the faid Prifoners had been
fent into England, and the reft (of whom Don
Jean writes) were still Prifoners at Cork.
The 24th of January the Lord Deputy and Council
here wrote to the Lords in England this Letter
following.
May it pleafe your Lordships,
WE have received your Letters of the 24th
of December the 11th of January, which
were the firft that we received out of England
fince the Arrival of Sir Richard Levifan with our
Munition
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
75
Munition and Supplies. And although we
have upon every important Revolution of our
Bufineis difpatched unto your Lordships both
our Eftate and Defires, yet we humbly defire your
Lordship's Pardon for the Omiffion of our Duty
to inform you more often of our preſent Eftate,
the chief Cauſe thereof being the Refpect and
Fear we have to poffefs you with fuch Falfhoods
as it ſeemeth they do, which undertake more li-
berally to advertiſe your Lordships of the Eftate
of our Affairs; for in no Place do all Intelligen-
ces come apparelled (even to them that are near-
eft unto them) in more deceivable Mifts, until
Time and great Obfervation diſcovereth the
Truth: So that if we should write unto your
Lordships often, according to our beſt Informa-
tions, we fhould prefent to your reverend Judg-
ments fuch ridiculous Contrarieties as would give
you Occafion to confound your Determinations,
and to condemn us: But in general we beseech
your Lordships to remember, that as we have in
all our Diſpatches declared our Hopes to over-
come all Difficulties (out of the Confidence of
our good Cauſe and Alacrity to ferve her Maje-
fty,) fo we have continually propounded how great
and difficult a War it was in which we were en-
gaged, in that (without God's miraculous Pre-
fervation) the Army in a Winter's Siege would
fo decay, as it muſt have pleafed your Lordships
continually to fupply it with Men, Victuals, and
Munition: Alſo we propounded, that we held it
a Matter of no fmall Danger and great Difficulty
to force fuch and fo many Men in a Place of the
leaft Advantage: That we expected no leſs than
a general Revolt, and a powerful Combination of
the Rebels against us: Laftly, again we humbly
defire your Lordships to remember, that we have
promiſed nothing but the uttermost of our faith-
ful Councils and Endeavours to accomplish in
that
76
MORYSON'S History Book II.
that Service her Majefty's Purpoſe. And there-
fore we are moft heartily forry, that by our faith-
ful and fincere Counfels, and our extream enduring
in the Execution thereof (howfoever the Event
were not fo fpeedily happy as we defired and la-
boured for,) yet it was not our Happineſs that
her Majefty fhould receive fo much Satisfaction
by Sir Oliver St. John as we hoped to have given
her upon the former Probabilities: Yet when it
fhall pleaſe your Lordships thoroughly to confi-
der our Difficulties by the true Relation thereof,
with all material Circumſtances, we prefume it
will appear that we could have done no more,
and we must only attribute it unto God that we
have done fo much. By Sir Henry Davers your
Lordſhips have been acquainted at large with all
our Proceedings until that prefent; fince which
Time the Effects of that Victory (which it pleafed
God of his infinite Goodness to give us againſt
the Traitors upon Christmas Eve) have appeared
by great and unexpected Good thereof enfuing;
for the Rebels are broken and diſperſed; â Don-
nel, Redmond Bourk, and Hugh Moftyon, (all Arch-
rebels,) have embarked themſelves with Siriago
for Spain, and that without Tyrone's Knowledge,
and contrary to his Advice and Will, they hav-
ing only left behind them in Munster (with the
Provincial Rebels) Tyrrel and a ſmall Force with
him, being difperfed by fmall Companies in Car-
bery, Beer, Defmond, Kerry, and the County of
Limrick. Tyrone, in great Fear and with a fpeedy
March, hafted out of the Province of Munster,
lofing upon every Ford many of his Foot, but
eſpecially in paffing the Rivers of Broadwater, of
May in Connolagh, and at the Abbey Owney in 6
Mulryan's Country; at which Fords, the Waters
being high (as we are informed,) he loft above
200 Men, and all the Way as he went the wea-
ry'd Foot caft away their Arms, which thofe of
the
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
77
the Country gathered up, and withal took ſome
of their Heads, but not fo many as they might
have done if they had regarded their Duties a
they ought. Their tired Horfes were flain by
their Riders: Their hurt Men which eſcaped a
the Overthrow, and were carried away upon Gar
rons, died upon the Way, and 4 principal Gen
tlemen (whereof we underſtand Tyrone himſel
was one, and Mac Mahown another, the rest are
not known yet) were carry'd in Litters. Since
his Departure from 6 Mulryan's Country we hear
nothing of him, but we affure your Lordship:
that the Diſmay in which they were, and ftil
are, is incredible. Upon New-year's Eve, Dor
Jean fent a Letter unto me, the Deputy, the
Copy whereof is here within fent unto you
Lordships. The next Day Sir William Godolphin
was fent with Inſtructions to receive from Dor
Jean the Points whereof he defired to treat, whoſe
difcreet Carriage in fo weighty a Cauſe (wherein
he performed as much as in Difcretion and Judg-
ment could be required) was fuch, as (without
doing the Gentleman wrong) we may not omit
to recommend him to your honourable Favours,
he being (as by Experience we may truly report)
wife, valiant, and of many extraordinary good
Parts. The Copy of the Articles agreed upon
between us and Don Jean, ſubſcribed by either
Part, your Lordships with theſe ſhall likewife
receive, hoping that in the fame we have
done nothing but that which fhall be agreeable
to your Lordships, and which (as we fuppofe)
our preſent Eſtate (duly confidered) vehemently
urged us to embrace. Now our great Care is to
haften theſe Spaniards away, who are (as Don
Jean affirms) no lefs by Pole than 3500. The
Defect of Shipping is our chief Want. They
and we are in equal Pain, for they are no lefs de-
firous to be gone than we are to fend them away.
The
$8
MORYSON'S History Book II.
The Contempt and Scorn in which the Spaniards
hold the Irish, and the Diftafte which the Irif
have of them, are not to be believed by any, but
thoſe who are prefent to fee their Behaviours and
hear their Speeches; infomuch as we may probably
conjecture, that by fuch time as Don Jean with
his Forces is arrived in Spain it will be a difficult
Thing for the Irish hereafter to procure Aids out
of Spain. The Copy of the Contract for the
Rates which Don Fean must pay for Tunnage and
for Victuals, for his Men in their Return, your
Lordſhips with theſe fhall alfo receive. The 9th
of this Month we diffolved the Camp, and
brought hither with us Don Jean, who remains
Hoſtage for the Performance of the Covenants
between us.
The Day following Capt. Roger Harvey and
Capt. Flower were difpatched Weftward, to re-
ceive from the Spaniards the Caftles of Caftle-
haven, of Baltimore, and of Beer-haven: The
winning of which Places, in our Judgments, (al-
though Kinsale had been taken by Force) would
have been more difficult unto us than that of Kin-
fale, as well in refpect of the Incommodities
which we ſhould have found in keeping a ſtrong
and furniſhed Army in to remote Places, as in re-
fpect of the natural Strength of thofe Places, and
eſpecially of Baltimore, which with a little Art
would be made of great Strength. Since our
coming to Cork, I, the Deputy, to eafe her Ma
jefty's great and unfupportable Charges, have dif
charged 2000 Foot in Lift, wherein, without all
Reſpects of Favour, I caft thofe who had the
weakest Companies. And as foon as we may
be
better fecured, that the Spaniards purpoſe to for-
bear any further Attempt for this Realm, (which
in a few Months will appear,) as many as poffi
bly can be ſpared fhall in like Sort be cafhiered.
To fupprefs the prefent Rebellion in Munster, I,
the
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
79
the Deputy, have defigned 4000 Foot and 325
Horſe, which being layed in fuch convenient
Places as we intend to lay them, our Hope is, that
in fhort Time this Rebellion will be extinguiſhed:
But until we be better affured from the Attempts
of Spain for this Kingdom, the Remainder of the
Army is difperfed into the remote Places of the
Province Eastward of Cork, and I, the Deputy,
do purpoſe to remain here until I may be more
fecured, that there will be no Caufe to draw the
Army back into thefe Parts. Paul Ivy, the En-
gineer (with the beſt Expedition that may be)
Thall be fent to the Parts of Baltimore and Beer-
haven to chufe out fit Grounds to fortify; the
like muſt be done at Kinfale; and for the better
holding of the Cities of this Province in due O-
bedience (of whofe Affurance, in Cafe the Spani-
ards had prevailed, we had Caufe to doubt,) we
think it (under your Lordships Reformation) very
expedient that in every of them Citadels were
raiſed, which guarded with a few Men, and having
fome Pieces of Artillery, will ever have Power
to command them. Thefe Places being thus
ftrengthened, there is no Port forgotten that may
be fit for the Spaniards accommodating in any
Enterpriſe from hence upon England, for all which
lie in Defmond, Kerry, or Connaught, have too
large a Sea to pafs for England, which is fubject
to infinite Inconveniencies: And as for the Coaft
within St. George's Channel, the Dangers of it
are fa infinite as there is no Fear of thofe Ports.
Notwithſtanding it hath pleafed God to give us
this happy Succeſs in freeing this Realm of the
Spanish Army under Don Jean, yet fearing that
fome feconds under another Commander may be
employed hither, we humbly befeech your Lord-
fhips, that you will be pleafed to fend the Victu-
als for which we wrote by Sir Oliver St. John.
If
80
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II.
+
If the Spanish Supplies come we ſhall have Caufe
to expend them in this Province; if they come
not, then our Cares fhall be fuch as they fhall be
preferved and difpenfed to the beft Ufe for her
Majeſty's Service. The like Suit we make for
the Munitions for which we then wrote. But
for the Supplies required of us in the Diſpatch
we made by Sir Henry Davers your Lordships
may pleaſe to make ftay of them till a further
Occafion to uſe them: Only of 1000 thereof we
have great Need for the reinforcing of the Com-.
panies which are weak; and therefore we defire
that foo
of them may land here at Cork, and the
other foo at Waterford, and that the reft may be
in readineſs if we have any new Occafion to fend
for them, till which Time we are unwilling to
charge her Majefty, or trouble your Lordships,
or to draw any new Forces into theſe Parts,
which hath made us give Direction that Sir
Arthur Chichester with the 1000 Men which
your Lordships have commanded him to lead hither
fhall ſtay about the Newry and make the War
there, as well defending the Pale as annoying Ty-
rone; for Sir Arthur being there fhall be near e-
nough to us if there fhould fall out any Occafion
to draw thoſe Men hither. Sir Richard Moryfon
is made the Bearer of theſe our Letters, whom
we have choſen to fatisfy your Lordships in fuch
Things wherein, haply, you may doubt. In par
ticular, we have acquainted him with the Dates
of all our Letters which we have fent your Lord-
fhips fince the landing of the Spaniards, fo as he
can inform your Lordships of his own Know,
ledge that we all, or I, the Deputy, have written
thus often, namely, the 23d of September, the 1ſt,
3d, and 24th of October; the 7th and the 13th
of November; the 7th, 12th, and 27th of Decem-
ber; and this prefent Difpatch by himself: If
any
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
83
bation of his carrying this Packet, to the faid
End fo much importing him, to which the Lord
Prefident very nobly gave his confent, and fo he
was diſpatched with the Lord Deputy's and the
Lord Prefident's Letters to Mafter Secretary of
eſpecial Recommendations on his Behalf.
Among his Inftructions, he was directed, at his
firſt Arrival, to repair to Sir Oliver St. John's, to
learn of him the prefent Eftate of the Lord De-
puty's Affairs in Court, and that after, they both
ſhould communicate their Proceeding one with
the other. To an imaginary Queftion, why there
was no Uſe made of the firſt Breach at the North
Eaft-gate of Kinfale, he was directed to anfwer,
that the firſt Battery was chiefly intended to an-
noy the Spaniards, by beating down the Houfes,
and to take from them the Uſe of fome Places,
whence they might_annoy us. That when by
beating down the Gate, we had made a Breach,
we found it not yet to be attempted, but made
nearer Approaches, whereupon the Spaniards made
their ſtrong Salley, both upon our Approaches
and upon our Cannon, and the next Day we had
Intelligence that Tyrone, 6 Donnel, and all the Re-
bels, were encamped fo near us, as if we had in-
gaged our felves in that Work, and in the guard-
ing of our Cannon fo far out of the Camp, they
might in three Hours have fallen upon us on all
fides, with great Advantage, which made us draw
the Cannon into the Camp, and to leave that
Work, chufing rather to inveft them clofe on
the Weft-fide, which before lay open, fo as they
might easily that Way receive Succours from the
Rebels, and join with their Forces. Further the
Reaſons were fet down, which moved the Lord
Deputy and the Council, to make Compofition
with Don Jean, namely, our Weakness, and the
Enemy's Strength, fince our Army by Sickneſs,
Run-a-ways, and Death, was fallen to be almoſt
F 2
as
84
MORYSON'S History Book II.
as weak, as at the first fitting down, whereas the
Spaniards were more now than 3000 Men by
Pole: The Sufferings of a Winter's Siege,
falling more upon us in the Field, than upon
them in the Town. Befides, if we had taken
Kinfale by force, our Army could not poffibly
have marched into the Weſtern Parts, poffeffed
by other Spaniards, till it had been refreſhed, and
till we had new Supplies of Victuals, and Muni-
tion, which could not eafily arrive, Eafterly
Winds in Winter being very rare upon this Coaſt.
Beſides that ere we could have forced the Spa-
niards in the Weft, in all Likelihood new Spanish
Supplies would have arrived, and the taking of
thoſe remote Places, would have been more diffi-
cult and dangerous, than that of Kinfale, and the
King of Spain would have been engaged in a long
War, which by this Compofition is like to be
ended. Befides our Army confifted much of Irish,
unfit for fuch Service, as the entring of a Breach,
fo as therein we muft of Neceffity have uſed our
old English Companies, where in all Probability
we must have loft great Part, (they being eſteem-
ed by the Spaniards themſelves as gallant Fellows
as ever they met, and ſuch as in truth the Lofs of
them would be for many Years unrepairable.)
And if we had been repulfed with any Blow gi-
ven us, we had Reaſon to doubt, that all the Irish
(yea thoſe of our Army) would have turned their
Swords against us; yea, if the Breach had been
entered, the Town of Kinfale being built all of
Stone, the Spaniards in the Houſes would have
made us new Work, no lefs difficult than the
Former. Moreover, fix of our Pieces for Batte-
ry were crafed, fo as we could not make any more
than one Breach, and the Spaniards having fo ma-
ny Hands, and fo large Scope of Ground with-
in, might eafily have ftopped one Gap againſt us.
And if we could have made divers Breaches, yet
We
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
81
any of theſe have miſcarried or found fo flow
Paffage as your Lordships Expectations were not
ſatisfied in fuch Time as for the Services had been
fit, we beseech you be pleafed to confider that the
like may happen to fuch of yours as are fent hither.
And this may appear by your Lordships Letters
which we laft received; for the 11th of January
(as is noted in the Beginning of this Letter) we
received your Lordships of the 24th of December,
and with it another of the 27th of that Month
touching the Apparel, a third of the 22d of De-
cember, yea a fourth of the 22d of November.
We have licenſed Capt. Joias Bodley to pafs into
England upon fome private Bufinefs importing
him, and have addreffed him to your Lordships
to receive your Pleaſure. If you refolve upon
any Fortifications in this Kingdom, the Gentle-
man is very well experienced and practifed in
that Art, and one whom in all our Works we
have principally employed, which he hath with
great Hazard, Labour, and Sufficiency, difcharged.
We find all Men here to embrace with much
Gladness her Majefty's Refolution to leave the ap-
paralling of the Soldier, being much better con-
tented to have full Pay, without detaining of any
Sums for their Cloths, and we hope it will be a
Mean to make the Captains keep their Compa-
nies ftrong. And as your Lordships have direct-
ed, upon Notice of the Deceaſe of the Earl of
Defmond, the Company allowed for him is dif
charged, fave what hath pleafed you to continue
to his Sifter, to the Archbishop of Cafhel, and
John Power: Order is alſo taken that the Oats
fent over hither ſhall be iffued at as high Rates as
we can, but it hath never been hitherto feen that
the Price exceeded 10 s. the Quarter, and we
think they cannot be iffued at a higher Rate, for
the Soldier cannot live paying any more, but will
rather ſuffer his Horfe to ftarve, which would be
VOL. II.
F
greater
82
MORYSON'S History Book II.
greater Inconveniency to the Service, than if the
Oats had not come at all, though that way alſo
they must have ſtarved, if the Siege had conti-
nued. The Spaniards fhipped from hence to Ply-
mouth, where either fuch as had run away from
the Spaniards, or fuch as were in Ryncorran and
Caftle-Nypark, and yielded upon Promiſe of their
Lives only; and fo much I the Deputy fignified
by my Letters to the Gentlemen of the Parts
where they ſhould land, of purpoſe to be made
known to your Lordships, and that they might
accordingly be ſuffered to pafs into France, or fome
other Country, which was as much as they defired.
And fo, &c.
From Cork this 14th
of January, 1601.
The Lord Prefident was defirous to go over
with this Diſpatch of pleafing News to the Court,
but the Lord Deputy was loth to fpare him, till
the Spaniards were gone, and becaufe the Relati-
on of this Buſineſs much concerned his Lordship's
Honour, he thought it neceffary to chufe a Meſ-
fenger, as in other Parts fit for the Bufinefs, fo
eſpecially found to him in Affection. And for
fuch he chofe Sir Richard Moryson, who had been
very inward with him, till the Death of the Earl
of Effex, at which time his Lordſhip began to
grow fomething ftrange towards him, in regard
that Mr. Secretary had conceived fome Difplea-
fure againſt him, about a Paffage of his Depen-
dancy on the faid Earl; yet his Lordship ever
profeffed to continue his Love to him, and pro-
miſed at ſome fit time, to make his Peace with
Maſter Secretary. To which Purpoſe his Lord-
fhip chofe this Occafion, concurring with his
own Ends. Only his Lordship adviſed Sir Richard
Moryfon, to entreat the Lord Prefident's Appro-
bation
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
87
Means to come about hither, nor three other
Ships that have been long ready to go to the
Weftward, to take in thofe at Caftle-haven, Bal-
timore, and Beer-haven, can by any Induftry work
thither for that Purpoſe, though we know they
have with all Care and Earneſtneſs endeavoured it.
So as now we grow more doubtful than before,
that other Forces from Spain will arrive here, ere
theſe get home, and therefore cannot but wifh,
that for the Prevention thereof, her Majefty will
be pleaſed to continue her Refolution, for the
fending of her Fleet to Sea, with as much Expe-
dition as may be, and that the Tramontana, and
the Moon, being Ships of fmall Burden, and fo
fitteft for the Service on this Coaft, may prefent-
ly be ſent hither, and the rather, for that here will
be none left but only the Swiftfure under the Com-
mand of Sir Amias Prefton (the two Merchants
Ships, appointed by your Lordships to ftay here,
being, the one fent away with Sir Richard Levi-
Son, and the other imployed for the tranfporting
of thefe Spaniards, by reaſon we had not other
Ships for that Purpoſe.) And upon the fame
Grounds, we moſt humbly pray your Lordships,
to fend away the 1000 Foot for Supplies, and
what elſe we defired in our former Letters, that
we may not be unprovided for the worst that may
happen, although that we are in good hope, ere
it be long, to have good Reafon to eafe her Ma-
jeſty's Charge in this Country, without any Dan-
ger to her Service here. We are further humbly
to beseech your Lordships, to procure us her Ma-
jeſty's Warrant, to pafs unto Neal Garvy ô Don-
nel the Country of Tyrconnel, in fuch fort as we
promiſed the fame unto him under our Hands,
now almoſt a Year ago, fo warranted by Direc-
tion from her Majefty. He thinks the time long
till he hath his Grant, and in his late Letter to
me the Deputy, protefts that he will do no more
F 4
Ser
88
MORYSON'S History Book II.
*
any
Service, until he have feen me, or that his Grant
be performed; for which though I have blamed
him, as I justly might, that being an unfit Fa
fhion of Writing for any Subject, yet the Rude-
neſs of his Education, and his Forwardneſs and
Ability to do Service confidered, we cannot but
acknowledge, that we hold it very meet, that
we fhould perform unto him what we promifed,
which to do, we want Warrant from her Maje-
fty; and therefore defire to have it with your
Lordships next Difpatch, for we know he will
earneſtly call upon it. We do not hear of
Head of Importance or Strength, that remains
gathered together of the Rebels, fo that we hope,
that if no more Spanish Succours do arrive, their
Force will quickly come to nothing. But be-
cauſe we cannot affure the Subjects, what further
Affiftance the Rebels fhall receive out of Spain,
and for that if the King ſend any more, we pre-
fume he will do it in a far greater Meaſure than
heretofore, as having Experience not to truft in
the Force of the Rebels, and therefore Reaſon to
rely upon his own Strength. We most humbly
defire your Lordships for a while to continue
your honourable Cares of our Affairs, and to en-
able us to withſtand whatfoever fhall be attempt-
ed by the foreign Enemy, and what you fend, we
will imploy with all Sincerity and our beft En-
deavours, to the Advancement of the Service
which her Majefty doth require and expect from
ùs. And fo, &c.
The laft of January, the Lord Deputy was ad-
vertiſed by one coming out of the Weft Parts,
that he was at Beer-haven the 30th of that Month,
where the Spaniards were in Number 60, and
Ofwyllivan had fome 300 Irish, and the Spaniards
not knowing of Don Jean's Compofition with
his Lordship, did build a Fort there with Treçs
and Earth, near the Caftle, and planted three fmall
Pieces
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
8.5
we had not Powder and Bullets fufficient for that
Purpoſe, and for the fmall Shot: Befides that our
Men were fo wafted, as they could not guard di-
vers Batteries, neither had we fufficient Engi-
neers for that Purpoſe: So that, howfoever we
ftood upon Terms, that Don Jean fhould leave
his Munitions and Treaſure to her Majefty, yet
finding him make obftinate Oppofition thereunto,
we were forced for the above-named Reafons,
and many like, to make this prefent Compofi-
tion.
Likewiſe among the Inftructions, divers Rea-
fons were fet down, moving Don Jean to make
the faid Compofition, namely, the Malice he and
the Spaniards generally had conceived againſt the
Irish, in whofe Aid they too late difcovered no
Confidence could judicially be placed. And for
that they coming to fuccour Tyrone and ô Donnel,
could never fee any fuch Men, faying, that they
were not In rerum naturas, (that is exiftent.) Alfo
for that Don Jean, having Inftructions to keep
the Field, and not to defend Kinfale, now fince
the Overthrow of the Irish, had no hope to be
able to come into the Field. Moreover, that his
beſt Men in this long Siege were ſpent, in conti-
nual Watches, and his new Men grew weak,
with feeding only upon Rusk. Further his De-
fire to difingage the King his Mafter, from a
War wherein he had little Probability to prevail,
in reſpect of the ſmall or no Affiftance, which he
conceived might be expected from the Irish. Al-
ſo for that the Treaſure he brought, being at the
firft but 100000 Ducats, was in great Part ex-
hauſted, by paying the Soldiers 6 d. per diem, and
the Commanders their Entertainments, fo as by
the Remainder he had no hope to work any Re-
volt among the Irish, or to give Satisfaction to
the covetous Humours of thofe already in Re-
bellion.
F 3
The
86
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II,
The 29th January, the Lord Deputy and Council
here, wrote to the Lords in England this fol-
lowing Letter.
May it pleaſe your Lordships,
SINO
INCE our laſt Diſpatch by Sir Richard Mo-
ryfon, here hath no extraordinary Matter hap-
pened, that might give us juft Caufe now fo foon
to write again, were it not, that it pleafed your
Lordships in your laft, to blame our Slackneſs,
that of late we wrote too feldom, and to com-
mand from hence a more frequent Advertiſement
of our Proceedings, which for your Lordships
Satisfaction we are moft careful to perform. The
chief Point to which of late we have applied
our felves, hath been the diſpatching away of the
Spaniards into their Country, becauſe till we have
freed the Country of them, we may not fafely
leave this Province, to follow fuch Services in
other Parts, as we defire next to undertake, and
we do the more earneftly labour to end this, for
that we more and more obſerve ſuch a ſettled Ha-
tred againſt this People, both in Don Jean and
the Spanish in general, as we gather upon many
good Grounds, that if they could be returned be
fore any new Supplies come from Spain, the King
would be eaſily induced to forbear any further to
engage himſelf in this Bufinefs, and for that they
withal do proteft, to uſe their beſt Endeavours to
that Effect, which we hold to be unfeigned. But
the Winds continuing hitherto Wefterly, and for
the moſt Part fomewhat to the Southward, and
withal very much formy, neither fuch of them
as had Shipping, and for a good Space lay aboard
to take the firft Occafion to be gone, can by
any Means get out of the Harbour, nor fuch
Shipping of ours as are to come from the Eafterly
Parts, for Tranfportation of the reft, can find the
Means
Chap. II. of IRELAND,
91
if they may not otherwiſe be had, and fhall affift
her Majefty's Officers, in taking to her Ufe the
Goods and Chattels of the Offenders and their
Retinues. That he fhall not only truly pay all
her Majeſty's Rents and Duties, from this time
forward, due unto her out of Tyrone, but also pay
the Arrearages, that for many Years have been by
him detained.
That in reſpect of the great Charges that he
hath put her Majefty unto, (although it be not the
thouſand Part of her Disburſements,) In nomine
pene (which in all fuch great Offences is accuf-
tomed) towards the victualling of her Majefty's
Garriſons, he fhall pay 2000 Cows within fix
Months. That the County of Tyrone may be li-
mited, and no more by him to be poffeffed, than
is contained in his Letters Patents. That the
Territory of Tyrone may be divided into Shires,
and have Goals as he hath formerly defired. That
he put at Liberty the Sons of Shane 6 Neal, and
all other Priſoners English and Irish. Theſe things
you fhall only propound as from your felf, yet
as conceiving that they will be demanded at his
Hands, if he be received, and to draw as large an
Overture from him, of what he will agree unto,
as you can perfuade him, telling him, that the
greater Affurance he doth give the State of his
Loyalty, the greater will be his Safety, for we
fhall conftrue his good Meaning by his free Offer
thereof, and after we fhall have the lefs Reafon
to be jealous of him.
The 15th of February the Lord Deputy and Council
here, wrote to the Lords in England this fol-
lowing Letter.
T
May it pleaſe your Lordships,
HE 14th of this laft Month we difpatched
Sir Richard Moryfon with our Letters to
your
1
5
92
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II.
your Lordships from this Place, and the 29th we
wrote again by Capt. Butler, yet to this Day the
Wind hath continued ftill fo Wefterly as fince the
Departure of Sir Richard no Shipping is come to
us, either out of England from your Lordships (as
we defired,) or from Waterford, Wexford, and
thoſe Parts (as we directed,) to carry away the
Spaniards hence, nor yet, until Sunday the 7th
hereof, could thofe Ships ftir that lay ready at
Kinfale to be fent to Baltimore, Caftle-haven, and
Beer-haven; but now they are gone, we hope
that the Service to be done by them (which is
the poffeffing of the Caftles, and fending away
the Spaniards in them,) will be prefently accom-
plished, although the Wind hath ferved them fo
fcantly as we fear they will hardly recover all
the Places whereunto they are directed. There is
only one Scottish Ship gone from Kinfale for Spain,
which carry'd 160 Spaniards with Part of the Ar-
tillery, but there lies now ready at the Harbour
for the firft Wind fo much Shipping as will carry
away 1500 more, fo as there will be yet remain-
ing in Kinfale above 1000 Spaniards, which with
the firſt Shipping that comes from the other Ports
fhall be imbarked: Don Jean ftays to go laft. It
appeareth by fome Letters intercepted, which
we fend herewithal unto your Lordships, that
the King of
of Spain
Spain purpoſeth to fend
larger Supply hither with all Expedition. Don
Jean affures us to do his best to ftay them, and if
he arrive firſt in Spain he makes no doubt to dif-
fuade their coming; but if they ſhould come be-
fore his Departure, he promiſeth to return them
according to his Covenant in the Contract, if
they do not come under the Command of fome
other that hath a Commiffion apart from his from
the King. The Irish have of late received Let-
ters from ô Donnel to encourage the Rebels to per-
a
fevere
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
89
Pieces of Ordnance therein, whereof the greateſt
carried nine Pound of Powder. That he came
from thence to Baltimore, where he found 100
Spaniards, which did not fortify, but hearing of
Don Jean's Compofition, and having two Ships
with them, had fhipped their Ordnance, and were
ready to go to Sea.
About this time one Richard Owen came from
Tyrone, to mediate with the Lord Deputy her
Majefty's Mercy towards him; whereupon his
Lordship gave leave to a Gentleman in the Pale
of Tyrone's old Acquaintance, to parley with him,
according to the following Inftructions, dated
the 4th of February.
When you ſpeak with him, you fhall tell him,
that you underſtand, that Richard Owen came
from him to the Lord Deputy, with Commiffi-
on from him to tell his Lordſhip, that he defired
to be received into the Queen's Mercy, if his
Life might be fecured.
Whereupon you finding in him fuch Confor-
mity, (out of your ancient Love, which in for-
mer time you bare him,) were glad of the Alte-
ration; and therefore, as his Friend did now un-
dertake this long Journey, to perfuade him to
thoſe Courſes, which might beſt anſwer his Du-
ty to his Prince, and repair his Eſtate, which in
your Opinion is defperate.
If you find him defirous to be received to Mer-
cy, you fhall give him hope of it, and promiſe
him Furtherance for the effecting of it, upon theſe
Conditions. That he fhall in Token of his Pe-
nitency, and according to the Duty of a Rebel
to his natural Prince, firft under his Hand write
a Letter of Submiffion to the Lord Deputy, hum-
bly craving in the fame her Majefty's Mercy, with
Promife to redeem his Errors paft by his future
Service. That likewife he fhall write a publick
Submiffion to her Majefty, imploring at her Hands
For-
90
MORYSON'S History Book II,
Forgiveneſs of his Faults, and likewife promiſe
Amendment of his Life, with a willing Defire to
do her fome acceptable Service, in Recompence
of his Tranfgreffion, in the fame proteſting, to
ferve her Majefty againſt all Men, either of Ire-
land, or Foreigners, that fhall endeavour the Dif
turbance of this Country.
That he shall put into her Majeſty's Hands his
eldeſt Son, for the Affurance of his future Loy,
alty, and four principal Gentlemen of his blood,
as he formerly promiſed.
That he ſhall at his Charge, find Workmen to
build fuch Forts in the County of Tyrone, and in
fuch Places, as the Lord Deputy fhall think
fit.
That he fhall permit throughout Tyrone her
Majefty's Officers of Juftice, as the Sheriffs, and
others, to have free Liberty to execute their Of-
fices, as is accuſtomed in other Provinces and
Counties of the Realm, and anſwer all other Du-
ties formerly agreed upon.
That he fhall only undertake for himſelf, and
his Pledges to lie for no more, than thoſe that
dwell upon that Land only, that is contained in
his Letters Patents, not any Way undertaking
for the reft of Tyrone, as Turlogh Braffilo's Sons,
Mac Mahown, ô Cane, Mac Genis, Mac Guire, the
two Clandeboys, and all of the Eaft-fide of the
Ban. That if any of his Neighbours fhall con-
tinue in Rebellion, none of their People fhall be
harboured in Tyrone, and likewife that none of
Tyrone fhall (by his Confent or Knowledge) fuc-
cour any Rebel, or give Affiftance to them; and
if any fuch Offender fhall happen to be diſcover-
ed, either by himſelf, or any other her Majefty's
Officers, upon Knowledge thereof, that he fhall
do his best Endeavour to profecute the Parties of-
fending, and either take them, whereby they may
be tried by the Laws of the Realm, or kill them,
if
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
95
The fame 15th Day the Lord Deputy wrote to Ma-
fter Secretary in England this Letter follow-
ing.
SIR,
TH
HIS ftrange Continuance of the Winds in
the Weft and the South makes me look
back into the Danger that both her Majefty's Ar-
my and Kingdom have paffed; for if Sir Richard
Levifon, with her Majefty's Fleet, had not taken
the Opportunity of that Wind, which did no
more than bring him hither, and give the reſt of the
Supplies (with great Difficulty) their Paffage from
other Ports to us, no doubt by theſe contrary
Winds (from that Time to this Day continuing)
all the Affairs of her Majefty here had been in an
extream Hazard. And when I confider; firſt,
that in all Likelihood we could expect no lefs
than a powerful Supply out of Spain, and that
the greater the more the King fhould find him-
felf ingaged and his Army and in need of fe-
conding, except he might be in Time advertiſed
of this Overture we have made here, to difem-
bark himſelf fairly of an Enterprize which I pre-
fume his Minifters here do believe, and will per-
fuade him to be unfit any longer to embrace :
Then, that the Winds have been fuch as have
only ferved to carry him the Danger of his Men
here, and not the Peace which they have made
(for fince Syriago's Departure, which was preſently
after the Overthrow, Don Jean de l'Aguila was
never able to ſend away any Diſpatch, which we
may hope to be arrived in Spain.) And lastly,
that we have credible Intelligence of the King's
Refolution and Forwardneſs to fend his Men here
ftrong and ſpeedy Succours. When I confider
theſe things I cannot but fear a heavy War to be
towards us, which (as I do conftantly believe)
had
96
Book II.
MORYSON'S Hiftory
had been prevented, if it had pleaſed God to fend
us a Wind in any Time to have ſent away theſe
Spaniards, or at the leaft the affured Relation of
their Eftates. Thus the Continuance of contrary
Winds in theſe Parts doth make me apprehend
the extreme Perils wherewith her Majefty fhall
be driven to make the War in this Country with
extreme Charge if the Spaniards perfevere in their
Purpoſe; for without huge Magazines, great
Wafte, and continual Charge of Shipping and
Land-Carriages, fuch a War cannot be made,
and I am perfuaded that her Majeſty were as good
give over at the first the Defence of this Country,
as to intend a War without making thoſe Provi-
fions for it. Now as my Love to her and to her
Service doth make me as fenfible (I will boldly
proteſt) as any Man living of whatfoever Burthen
the State doth feel, fo the fame Love ſhould make
me fuffer with Alacrity the Weight of my un-
eafy Charge and the dangerous Ways wherein I
walk, if I did not perceive the poor Afs to be
the worſe liked that he doth carry fo much Trea-
fure from her Coffers, howfoever he do unwil-
lingly bear it away and feeleth nothing but the
heavy Burthen thereof. This, and fome Inclina-
tion that I have found to meaſure my Labours by
the Success, not by my Endeavours, have (I con-
fefs) more difcouraged me than all the Difficulties.
I ever paffed, or may expect: And faving the
Thankfulneſs, which I cannot chufe but yield
unto God for the Succefs which it hath pleafed
him of late to give me, I proteft I was never ac-
companied with more unquiet Thoughts than fince
my laft coming to Cork, where I continue in a
moſt noiſome Town, full of Infection, feeing no
End of my Labours, nor finding any Meaſure of
them, and yet fearing that they are valued of fo
little Merit, as they are rather likely to draw on
Diflike: Wherefore as in my own Heart I do ut-
terly
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
93
fevere in their Rebellion, affuring them of pre-
fent Aid from Spain: In the mean Time, the beſt
of them all do but temporize, being ready to af-
fift them when they come, efpecially if they come
in any Strength, as it is to be thought in all
Reaſon they will, having found their firſt Error.
Her Majefty must therefore be pleaſed to be at
fome Charge to erect Fortifications at Beer-haven,
Kinfale, and this Place, the Commodities and
Weakneſs of theſe Places being as well known
to the Spaniards as to us, and further with all
Speed to erect Citadels at Limrick, Cork,
and Waterford, though it be only to affure the
Towns from Revolt. It appeareth by the King
of Spain's Letter (and-fo by the Duke of Lerma's)
that his Heart is very much fet upon the Enter-
prize of Ireland, and therefore it is not unlike
but that he may fend more Supplies after or be-
fore Don Jean's Arrival in Spain, either under
him or fome other Commander, which if he do,
it is alſo likely the fame will be fent fhortly. For
Prevention thereof (if in your Lordships Wiſdom
it fhall be thought meet) we do humbly befeech
that the 4000 Supplies heretofore defired, and by
your Lordships intended, may be prefently fent
hither, whereof 2000 to be erected into Com-
panies, and their Captains to be named here, and
the other 2000 for Supplies of the Army, which
is exceeding weak; for our Men die daily in greater
Numbers than they died in the Camp, the Infection
being greater, and by fome thought a Kind of
Plague, (for the People in the Towns die in far
greater Numbers than the Soldiers,) though we
hope the contrary: And we do further defire that her
Majefty will be pleaſed to haften her Fleet to the
Coaft of Spain, which coming timely will, in our O-
pinions, hinder any Enterprize for Ireland, but leaſt
that ſhould fail we renew our former Motion, that
the Tramontama and the Moon may be returned to
ferve
94 MORYSON'S History Book II.
ferve upon the Coaft of Munster, that the
Proportions of Munition and Victuals, defired in
our former Letters, may ſpeedily be difpatched
hither, and that Victuallers, without Impediment
may come from all Places to relieve us, for
already a very great Dearth is begun, and
a Famine muſt enfue, the Rates of all things be-
ing incredible, and the new Money much repined
at, notwithſtanding we do our uttermoft Endea-
vours to advance it. But in a Matter of fo great
Importance we humbly defire your Lordships to
give us leave to deliver our Opinions freely,
having ſo affured Ground for it, that if the King
of Spain continue his War in this Country, it
will be hard to preferve her Majeſty's Army and
Kingdom, without the altering of the currant
Money, fo general is the Diflike thereof, and fo
infolently do they begin already to refufe it: But
if there come no foreign Aid, her Majefty (as we
think) may fecurely continue it as it is; for all
we that are of the Army, whom it moſt concern-
eth (in regard we live wholly upon our Enter-
tainment,) will (God willing) endure it, for the
Advancement of the Service, though we are fen-
fible of our Lofs by the exceffive enhancing of
the Prices of all Things that we are to live upon,
which cannot be holpen fo long as this new Coin
continues currant. Of Tyrone, fince his Over-
throw and Departure, we hitherto have heard lit-
tle, neither do we think he will be able to do any
great Harm without the Aid of new Supplies
from Spain. And fo we humbly take leave, &c.
From Cork, &c.
The
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
97
terly diftafte this unhappy Profeffion with no fur-
ther Ambition than to fit down in Quietnefs un-
der mine own Vine with the Confcience of hav-
ing been no unprofitable Servant to her Majefty;
fo, Sir, (I vow before God) I will acknowledge
it an everlafting Bond if you will be a Mean to
procure me that harmleſs Fortune that I may (as
above all Things I defire) ferve her Majefty hence-
forward with as pure, as I will ever do with faith-
ful Devotion, and make my felf ready for another
World, for I thank God I do hate this. Blame
me not (I beseech you, Sir,) for apprehending
my Fortune with fo much Difcomfort, fince I do
not only perceive what Enemies I have that are
ingenious and induftrious to urge all my Proceed-
ing to my Difadvantage, but find that their Ma-
lice did take fuch Effect with her Majeſty as to
move her to be unfatisfied with my Endeavours,
wherein my own Confcience cannot acknowledge
any Thing omitted within my Power, or belong-
ing to my Duty, whatſoever the Succefs had
been. Sir, as I never deſerved
any Ill of
them by Deed, (except it be by doing her
Majefty better Service than they can or will
do,) nor by Word, (for I do not think or fpeak
of them but when theſe Tokens of their Good
will do force me unto it,) fo I proteft I do as
much ſcorn their Malice as the barking of fo ma-
ny Whelps, and would be little troubled with it:
But when I think that their falfe Evidence doth
fway the Opinion of my fupreme Judge in the
Title of her Favour and my Defert, and do re-
member how doubtful the Fortune of the War
is, I cannot but fear that one Difafter ſhall be
put
into the Ballance againſt all my Labours and En-
deavours; and therewithal conclude and confeſs
that I covet no mortal Fortune more than to be
fairly rid of the Part which I play on fo dange-
VOL. II.
G
rous
98:
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II.
rous a Stage before theſe Serpents may find any
Advantage to hifs at me: Whereas otherwiſe if I
had been fecure of her Majesty's Favour againſt
theſe Vipers Tongues I fhould with Confidence
and Alacrity go towards the greateſt Dangers that
can riſe againſt me; but as God hath hitherto
stopped their Mouths, fo, I hope, for her Maje-
fty's Good (if not for mine) he will continue his
Favour, who profper me in all Things as I do fin-
cerely intend her Service, &c.
The 18th Day the Lord Deputy received Let-
ters from the Lords in England, fignifying, that
befides the 2000 laft fent, the greateſt Part under
Captains, the reft left to his Lordship's Diſpoſal,
now upon a ſecond Levy 2000 more were ap-
pointed to be embarked the 26th of the laft Month,
all which were left to his Lordship's Difpofal ex-
cepting one Company given to Capt. Thomas Dut-
ton upon his Lordſhip's Letters of ipecial Recom-
mendation.
The fame Day his Lordship received from the Queen
this following Letter.
TH
Elizabeth Regina.
Right trufty and well-beloved we greet you well;
HE Report which your Letters by Davers
have brought us of the Succefs it hath plea-
fed God to give you againft our Rebels and the
Spaniards combined with them was received by us
with fuch Contentment as fo great and happy an
Accident could afford; wherefore, although we
(as ever we have done in all other Happineſs which
hath befallen us) afcribe the higheſt Praiſe and
Thanks to his divine Majefty, yet forafmuch as
we do account that they who are the Servants of
our State in like Actions are made participant (in
2
F
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
99
a fecond Degree) of his Favour beſtowed upon
us, by their Virtue and Induſtry, we cannot but
hold them worthy of Thanks from us, as they
have received Honour from him. Among whom,
you being there the chief, (not only as chiefly put in
Truft by us, but as we plainly perceive in Vigi-
lancy, in Labour, and in Valour, in this late Ac-
tion,) we could not forbear to let you fee how
fenfible we are of this your Merit. It is true,
that before this good Succefs upon the Rebels we
were in daily Attention to have heard of fome.
quicker Attempt upon the Town (than any was
made,) both in refpect that your own Letters
tended to fuch Senfe, and eſpecially becaufe Pro-
traction of Time brought with it apparent Dangers
as well of Accefs of new Supplies from our
foreign Enemies as of Defection of a People fo
inconftant of Difpofition and fo rebellious to
Government as thofe of that Nation ever have
been. But we that Time having understood by thoſe
Journals (which were committed to St. John and
Davers) fome Reaſons which have moved you to
the Courſe you have taken, rather than to have
uſed Speed in attempting, feeing all Affaults are
accompanied with Lofs, and every Lofs (in fuch
a Time) multiplied in Rumour, and wholly con-
verted by Practice to the Prejudice of the Caufe
in Queſtion, which is maintained (now as Things
do ftand) by the Reputation of you Army, we
do now conceive that all your Works have had
their Foundation upon fuch Reaſons as you thought
moſt advantagious for our Service. It remaineth
therefore now (and fo we deſire it may be made
known to our Army that have ferved under you
in fuch Manner as you fhall think beft to exprefs
it) that as we do know they have indured many
Incommodities in this Siege, (which we would
have been glad they could have avoided, having
G 2
made
UorM
•
100
MORYSON'S History Book II.
made fo good Proof of their Valour and Loyalty,
as they have done at this time, fo as we rather feek
to preferve them as the beft Treaſure of a Prince
than to fuffer them to wafte, if otherwiſe our
Kingdom could have been kept from Danger of
foreign Conqueft and inteftine Rebellion,) fo we
expect it at the Hands of the better Sort of our
Servitors there that it fhall well be infufed into
the Minds of the reft that whatfoever either our
own Directions or expending of Treaſure could
do (for prevention of thofe Difficulties which
follow all Armies, and are infeparable where the
War is made in a Climate fo ill tempered for a
Winter's Siege) hath been royally and provident-
ly afforded them: A Matter of much more Charge
and Uncertainty, becauſe all our Care and Direc-
tion have attended the Winds and Weathers
Curteſy. To conclude with Anſwer to your
Demands for further Supplies of Men. Al-
though we hope that the Time is fo near
of the final Conclufion of your happy Succefs
againſt the Remnant of the Strangers in that poor
Town, being preffed with fo many Wants, and
with the Deſpair which our late Victory will add
hereunto, as that hardly any Supplies fent from
us can come before it have taken Effect; yet be-
cauſe you may perceive how much we attribute
to your Judgment in any Thing which for our
Affairs is there defired, we have (as by our Coun-
cil hath been fignified unto you) given Order for
4000 Men to be fent thither out of Hand, with
the full Proportion of Munition which you de-
fire; in which Kind of Provifions we find fo
great Confumptions as we muft require you to take
fome better Order with them that have the Di-
ftribution thereof. For if it be obferved what
Quantities have been daily fent over, and yet what
daily Wants are pretended, the Expence will be
found infupportable, and fo much the rather, be-
caufe
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
ΤΟΣ
cauſe all Men know that whatſoever the Irish
Companies receive (except now in this Action)
is continually converted for Money to the Ufe of
the Rebels.
Given under our Signet at
our Palace at White-ball,
the 44th Year of our
Reign, the 12th of Ja-
nuary, 1601.
In the Beginning of this Letter, above the
Queen's Hand figned, theſe following Words were
overwritten by the Queen's own Hand, viz. Tho'
for Fear of worſe End you did defire (as we con-
feſs we once thought to direct) to end this Work
before either Enemy or Rebel could increaſe the
Peril of our Honour, yet we hope that no fuch
Adventure ſhall be more made, but that their Con-
fufion be ere now lighted on their own Heads:
And let Clanrickard and Thomond know that we
do moft thankfully accept their Endeavours. For
yourſelf, we can but acknowledge your Diligence
and dangerous Adventure, and cheriſh and judge
you, as your careful Sovereign.
of
The 20th of February 20 Spanish Captains, with
1374 common Soldiers, being before embarked at
Kinfale in 6 English Ships, failed for Spain.
$
The 27th Day the Lord Deputy and Council here
wrote to the Lords in England this following Letter.
May it please your Lordships,
SINCE our laft Diſpatch, the 15th hereof,
1400 of the Spaniards, that had lain aboard
their Shipping in the Harbour of Kinfale to take
Advantage of the firft favourable Wind for Spain,
found the Means to fet forth with a very fcant
Wind upon Sunday laft, the 20th of this Prefent,
G 3
fo
102
MORYSON'S History Book II.
K
fo as now we have rid ourſelves of above 1600
by Pole, reckoning thoſe which we fent from Cork
into England, being fome 200, and thefe laft Num-
bers were truly muſtered by one of our own Com-
miffaries. If our Shipping could get about from
Waterford, Wexford, and thofe Eaftern Ports,
(from whence only two have yet recovered Kin-
fale, though all the reft have been a good Time
ready, and fome of them at Sea,) we doubt not
within four or five Days we ſhould be able to dif
patch away all the reft, though there remain yet
as great a Number (the Certainty whereof we do
not know.) Capt. Harvey, who was fent into the
Western Parts to fhip away the Spaniards that
were there, and to take Poffeffion of the Places,
is for certain poffeffed of Caftle-haven, and upon
Friday last fet forward towards Baltimore, where-
of by this Time we make Account he is poffeffed
alfo, and that he is bufy fending away the Spani-
ards with the first Wind, though we have not
yet heard from him fince his being there. On
Friday laft, being the 18th, we received two Pac-
kets from your Lordships, the one of the 12th,
the other of the 16th of the laft Month, and at
the fame Time there came into this Harbour five
Companies of Foot, (whereof four were under
Captains, namely, Davis, Holcroft, Bradbery, and
Barker, and the other 100 under the Conduct of
the three laft.) Good Store of Shipping came
likewiſe in with Victuals that Day and the next, and
onSunday there arrived at Kinſale (about the time that
the Spaniards left that Port) two Barks laden with
Munition and Artillery, working Tools, and fuch
other Things as we had written for, and your
Lordships moſt carefully had provided,fo as we have
juft Caufe with all Thankfulness to acknowledge
that it hath pleafed her Majefty and your Lord-
fhips to fupply us as royally and plentifully as we
defired; and that as your Lordships well note for
our
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
103
our ſpecial Comfort, your Providence and Care
of us was ſuch as Things neceffary were in rea-
dinefs for our Supplies before you had Notice
from us that we had need of them. We are re-
folved, now that all thoſe Provifions are come, to
keep a good Force in the Weft Parts of this Pro-
vince, which will both fettle thoſe that hitherto
have ſtood wavering, and may beſides profecute
thoſe that have fhewed themſelves worst affected,
while fuch Places as are needful may be fortified:
For fince (as we fignified by our laft, upon the
intercepting of certain Spanish Letters,) there is
great likelihood that a new Supply from Spain
will come ſpeedily and ftrongly, if at all, it be-
hoveth us to be in Readineſs to entertain them by
making the Places known to them very ftrong,
and to curb the Towns by Citadels to be erected,
otherwiſe they will revolt and fall to the Spanish
Party when they fhall fee them come ſtrongly and
well prepared. And for thofe 4000 Men which
we perceive your Lordships had appointed for us,
we humbly leave it to your Lordships Confidera-
tion, upon the Sight of theſe Letters out of Spain
which we fend, whether you fhall think fit to
fend them to us preſently, or elſe have them there
in fuch Readineſs as if any further Supplies fhould
arrive out of Spain we might in Time make Uſe
of them here. The Companies that are come are
Men well chofen and well appointed, their Arms
good, and for ought yet we find, the Men neither
changed, nor the Arms or Apparel embezzelled,
and yet they have been very ftrictly both viewed and
muftered before Commiffioners fpecially appointed,
and the like Courfe we mean to take with the
reft of them if they do come as your Lordships
have appointed, which yet we leave wholly to
your Lordships, who can best judge what Num-
ber is meeteft for us by the Intelligence we fend
you, but eſpecially by fuch as your Lordships re-
G 4
ceive
104
MORYSON'S History Book II.
ceive from Spain. And as for thoſe that in the
Conduction of the other Men abuſed themſelves
to her Majeſty's fo great Lofs, we will do the beſt
to find out the Truth and Ground thereof, and
inform you (as your Lordships have directed,) and
further will moſt carefully perform what elſe your
Lordſhips in theſe Letters have commanded. But
where your Lordships conceive an Omiffion in me,
the Deputy, that fo many Arms are lost here, Í
humbly anfwer, that being not able to look unto
thefe Things myfelf I gave Commiffion to Maſter
Marſhal, Sir Robert Gardner, and Sir Oliver St.
John, to take the particular Care and Charge
thereof, who being now not here cannot relate
what they have done, only we remember we have
heard it alledged, when the Captains were charged
with the Arms of their Companies, that their
Anfwer was, that fome of the Soldiers ran away
with them, and fome others effaying to make Ef-
cape were ftripped both of their Apparel and
Arms (which ourſelves faw to be true in many
that were found and returned naked to the Camp,)
and the Truth is, fuch as were not loft that Way,
nor ſpoiled and broken in the Service (as it can-
not be denied but fome were,) fome Part were
put over with the Supplies to other Companies,
(which were very few,) and the reft could not
be recovered from the caſhiered Captains, who be-
ing in Entertainment but a fhort Time had no-
thing due whercout it might be defalked, but
muſt anſwer it before your Lordships there in
England, for from hence they went foon after they
were diſcharged. The Captains laft come (as o-
thers did before them) defire that their Warrants
of Entry might bear Date that Day that your
Lordships appointed them to be at the Water-
fide to receive their Companies, and we acknow
ledge we think in Reaſon they are to have it fo,
or elfe their impreft to be remitted, otherwiſe
they
Chap, II. of IRELAND.
105
they have nothing to bear the Charge of them-
felves and Officers from that Time to their land-
ing here, which is oftentimes fix Weeks or a
Month, in which Time their impreft is uſually
fpent; and if afterward it be defalked from them,
they muſt all be fo long without Entertainment, and
fo unable to live. We humbly defire to know
your Lordships Pleaſure herein, as we did for-
merly upon the like Occafion, but hitherto have
received no Anſwer from your Lordships: We
are further to fignify unto your Lordships that the
Victualler iffues (as he faith by Direction) but one
Pound and a Half of Beef per diem to a Soldier, which
is too little for him to live upon, and yet the
Rate in the Victualling nothing abated, which is
intolerable for him to bear, and likewiſe the
Victualler thinks that he may not iffue the Oats
at a lower Rate than 15 s. the Quarter, which is 75.
6 d. the Barrel, being ſo high a Rate, as the Horſe-
man out of his Entertainment cannot allow fo
much for his Horſe, but by that Means both the
Horſe will be ſtarved and the Oats will perish be-
fore they be spent. In Time of Plenty the or-
dinary Rate of Oats in Ireland was but at 12 d.
the Barrel, yet they are now well content to pay
6s. a Barrel, which is at the higheſt Rate the Sol-
dier can give. Of theſe Particulars we humbly
pray Redreſs from your Lordships. And fo, &c,
From Cork, &c.
The 1st of March the Lord Deputy by Letters
from the Lords in England was required to fend
over a Lieutenant, being one of the late caft Com-
panies, but ftill remaining in Ireland, to the End
he might anſwer before their Lordships certain
Complaints made againſt him: For whereas many
Officers, in the late Levies of Men, had received
in the Country able and fufficient Men, as well
:
106
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book II.
to ſerve under themſelves, as to be conducted over
to be difpofed by the Lord Deputy, whereof they
had for divers Sums of Money difmiffed many at
the Sea-fide, pretending that they were lame, or
fick, and that they had taken better Men in their
Place, neither of thefe Pretences being true.
Their Lordships purpoſed to inflict fome exem-
plary Puniſhment for this great Offence, and
therefore required this Lieutenant to be ſent
who was accuſed among and above the reft.
over,
The 8th of March Sir Oliver St. John, (who
was fent into England from Kinfale with News of
the good Success in the taking of Rincorran and
Nypark Caftles, and the happy Repulfe of the
Spaniards fallying upon our Cannon,) returned
back to Cork, and brought from the Queen this
following Letter.
Elizabeth Regina.
Right Trufty and Well-beloved, we greet you well,
the Gentleman's Relation whom laſt you
BY
fent unto us, and by your Letters, we recei-
ved (with much Contentment) the News of the
Rendition of Kinfale, and other Places held by
the Spaniards in that Kingdom: Wherein although
by comparing the fame with thoſe Reports which
were brought us by divers, that they were not
only in Mifery for Victual, but in Penury of Men,
as not being foo strong, we conceived that you
might have given them ftricter Laws in their
Compofition, (and fo do now perceive how eafy
a Matter it is, for thofe that are nearer Hand to
the Matters of War than we are, to be miſtaken,)
yet upon thofe Confiderations which we have ob-
ferved in your Journal laft fent over, containing
many important Circumftances, which did lead
you to that Courfe, amongft which no one hath
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
107
ſo much moved us, as that Affault would have
fhed the Blood of our Subjects, which is dearer
to us than any Revenge or Glory,) we do account
it both in the Succefs, one of the moft acceptable
Accidents that hath befallen us, and in your Car-
riage thereof difcern it to have been guided with
as many Parts of an able and provident Minifter,
as any we have uſed in Service of like Nature.
And therefore hold it both juft and neceffary for
us to yield you this Teftimony of our gracious
Acceptation of your Endeavours, which have
been accompanied with fo much Pain and Peril.
It remaineth now, feeing the State of all things
there, and your own Defires do require it, that
we ſpeak fomething of thofe things which are fit
to be thought of for the time to come, whereof
feeing this Event hath both already begun, and
is very like to work great Alteration to our Ad-
vantage. That which we could with you to aim
at, is in fum (next to the Safety of the Kingdom)
to give all poffible Eafe to our State, by diminish-
ing that great Confumption of Treaſure, which
of late Years we have fuftained. And yet how to
direct preciſely by what Means and Parcels in eve-
ry Particular the fame is to be done, is very hard
for us at this prefent, efpecially until we fhall re-
ceive from you and our Council their further
Light, by the Information of the State of all
things now after thefe Succeffes, together with
your own Opinion thereupon, only as it is appa-
rent to us already by your Letter, that in your
own Judgment, having due Senfe of the infinite
Inconveniencies which daily are multiplied upon
this Kingdom by that Occafion, you did imme-
diately after the Rendition, both caft fome Part
of our Army there, and ftay the Supplies coming
from hence, fo in that Courſe we doubt not, but
you do and will continue, as far forth as things
may
108
MORYSON'S History Book II,
may bear it, in taking Care that our Army be not
weakened by holding more fmall Garriſons than
are neceffary. And this we may with very good
Reafon fay, out of Obfervation of that which
hath paffed of latter Years, and agreeable to your
own Opinion. That one Charge there is very
great to us, and yet without any Manner of
Ground of Safety, if there were Cauſe of Adven-
ture, and that is the Entertainment of great Num-
bers of Irish, wherein we will note unto you
theſe two Confiderations: Firft, that when things
there, were at moft Hazard for us, your own
Spirit was doubtful of the Service which might
be reaped by them. Secondly, that heretofore,
when they have been uſed, it hath not been ſeen,
that either they were entertained at the fame Rate
of Pay with our own Nation, or fo mixed in
common with them in Regiments, but ever kept
more apart, both in Companies feveral, and uſed
in Places and in Services proper for them, which
Courſe although this extraordinary Danger of our
Kingdom hath given Occafion to diſpenſe with,
yet doubt we not but in your own Conceit you
will think it meet, with all convenient Speed to
reform, and give Beginning to it, by fuch De-
grees of Dimunition, and in fuch Meaſure, as you
fhall find to be moft for the Good of our Ser-
vice.
For the Matter which hath been moved to you
from the Arch-traitor, we commend your hand-
ling of the Offer, in that you have kept the dignity
of the Place you hold, and therein ours, and yet
we do not miſlike, that you did not fo defperate-
ly reject him, as to conclude him thereby from
opening the further Scope of his Defires. And
though till the next Overture, we have little more
to write unto you, yet we may fay thus much in
Generality, that the Monftroufnefs of his Fact,
ftained with ſo many and deep Spots of Offences
1
of
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
109
on.
of ſeveral Natures and Degrees, (though none
more odious than his Ingratitude;) and the quick
Senfe we have always of the blemiſhing of our
Honour, doth not permit us to hold any other
Way with him, than the plain Way of Perditi-
And therefore do adviſe you to all Courſes,
that may win us Glory upon him, and if our Arms
must be accompanied with any Part of Mercy,
rather to imploy the fame in receiving the fecon-
dary Members and Vriaghts from him, by whom
that Life which is left him ftandeth, than to make
fo much Account of fo vile an Head, as to think
him worthy to be recovered; but rather that a-
bandoned of God and Men, he may be left to feel the
just Reward of his foul Demerits. Notwith-
ſtanding, we will not miflike to hear from you
again what you have further diſcovered, and guide
our further Refolution according to Occafions.
Hereupon we have thought good to return this
Gentleman Sir Oliver St. John to you, with thus
much of our mind upon your late Letters, and
with fuch other Matters as from our Council he
may have in Charge to impart unto you, being one,
of whofe good Diſcretion and Affection to our
Service we are very well perfuaded, to the End
that upon his Arrival, (by which time much will
be ſeen of the Event of your late happy Succeſs)
you may enter into fome folid Confideration of
the Form of Government hereafter to be held,
of the Proportions of our Army to be continued,
and of all things that may be likely to fettle that
State in Safety from foreign Attempts, and in a
better Obedience to us than heretofore. When
you have debated and refolved what ſeemeth good
to you there, upon all fuch Points, we can be
then contented that you fend back this Gentle-
man hither again, inftructed therewith. And be-
caufe it will be alfo needful for the Furtherance
of our Refolutions here, to have good Under-
standing
110
Book II.
MORYSON'S History
ftanding of the civil Parts of that Government,
as well as of the martial, and that Suit hath been
made unto us for Sir Robert Gardener our chief
Juftice there, to be licenſed to come hither, we
fhall like well that you fend them both, to the
end that upon their Report of your Conceits
there, we may enter into more particular Confi-
deration of all things incident, which upon their
Arrival we fhall be better able to do.
Given under our Signet, at our
Palace of Westminster, the 8th
Day of February, 1601. in
the 44th Year of our Reign.
The fame Day Sir Oliver St. John brought from
the Lords in England this following Letter to the
Lord Deputy.
a-
AFTER
to
FTER our hearty Commendations to your
good Lordship, we have had (in moſt of
our late Diſpatches) fo little Caufe to fill our Pa-
pers with any thing, but with Commendations
of your Lordships wife Proceedings, and Congra-
tulations for her Majefty's happy Succefs under
you, as at this time (if any other) we intended
not to mix this Acknowledgment of our Extra-
ordinary Contentment for your late Victory
gainst the Spaniards, with any other particular
Directions, eſpecially feeing the Change you
have made in that Country, by freeing the fame
from foreign Power, (howfoever infefted ftill with
an inteſtine Rebellion,) muft (in all Mens Know-
ledge, that are acquainted with the Affairs of
State) have brought fo many Changes, as we can
hardly tell what Advice or Direction to offer of new,
until we may receive from thence fome further
Light of the prefent State of that Kingdom from
you, whofe own Eye and Judgment is neareft,
and
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
III
and ableft to perform the fame. In which Con-
fideration, ſeeing it hath pleaſed her Majefty by
her own Letters, not only to give you Notice of
her royal and gracious Acceptation of your fo
noble Endeavours, but to direct your Lordship
alſo to ſend over hither Sir Robert Gardener, and
this Gentleman Sir Oliver St. John, with Relati-
on of all Particulars fit for her Knowledge, we
will in Expectation hereof forbear to enlarge our
Letter any further, than with our beſt Wiſhes to
your Lordship of all perfect Health and Happi-
nefs, as thofe that will ever be found, &c.
The fame 8th Day Don Jean and the Remain
of the Spaniards at Kinfale, were all embarked
ready to be gone. The next Morning the Lord
Deputy left Cork, and taking his Journey to-
wards Dublin, arrived that Night at Yoghall.
And becauſe the ftormy Weather and contrary
Winds, kept the Spaniards ftill in the Port at Kin-
fale, his Lordship was forced to stay in that Town
fome few Days, from whence he wrote to Maſter
Secretary into England, upon the 12th of March,
advertiſing him thereof: And further giving him
notice, that the other Spaniards which were at
Beer-haven, Castle-haven, and Baltimore, now were
gone for Spain That Don Jean had fent to Cork
the Pledges promiſed in the eight Article of the
Agreement. That five English Companies were
lately arrived at Waterford: And laftly, praying
to be excuſed to the rest of the Lords of her Ma-
jefty's Council, that he forbear to write unto them,
till he came to Waterford, where within few
Days he hoped to meet the Earl of Ormond, and
ſome other of the Council, and upon Conference
with them, to be better able to fatisfy their Lord-
fhips in fome things concerning the prefent State
of this Kingdom, according to her Majeſty's
Pleaſure lately fignified to him by her Letters.
The
II2
Book II.
MORYSON'S Hiftory
The Pledges above-mentioned were to lie for the
fafe Return of our Ships, wherein the Spaniards
were embarked.
Theſe Pledges were principal Commanders, and
among them was one Capt. Moryfon, (of whofe
bold Service Mention is made in the Sally
upon the 2d of December.) This Gentleman was
invited by the Lord Deputy to accompany him
to Dublin, the rest of his Fellows ftill remaining
at Gork, whither he was to return unto them, and
they together to be shipped for Spain upon the
fafe Return of our Ships. In which Journey to
Dublin, and during this Gentleman's Abode there,
I had familiar Conference with him for Name's-
fake, and underſtood from him that his Family in
Spain was defcended of an English Gentleman,
who followed the Emperor Charles V. in his
Wars, and after by his Bounty was feated in Spain,
where at this Day the Chief of his Name had
good Revenues.
The Lord Deputy being come to Waterford did write,
together with the rest of the Council, upon the 18th
of March, this following Letter to the Lords in
England.
F
It may pleafe your Lordships,
HE Sth hereof we received by Sir Oliver St.
John at Cork the Diſpatch which it pleaſed
your Lordships to make by him, and may not
omit with all humble Thankfulneſs to acknow
ledge the great Comfort and Contentment we
have taken, in that it appeareth both thereby, and
by the relation of Sir Oliver, that her Majefty
and your Lordships have moft graciously and fa-
vourably accepted and allowed our poor Endea-
vours. We are moft careful (as you have direct-
ed) to fend Sir Robert Gardner and him unto your
Lordships fo foon as I, the Deputy, can get to
Dublin,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
Dublin, where Sir Robert Gardner now is,
fhall have confidered and debated with the C
cil there the Bufinefs wherein your Lord
look to be thoroughly informed. In the
Space, becauſe that will ask fome Time, we
thought fit to acquaint your Lordships
Things ſtand here fince our laft Diſpatch:
Spaniards for certain are all gone from Beer-h
Caftle-haven, and Baltimore, and that Day
Sir Oliver St. John did arrive at Cork we h
that all the Spaniards at Kinfale, and laft of
Don Jean himſelf, were fhipped and in readi
to fet Sail, but fince we hear, that until Satui
the 13th hereof they could not get forth the F
bour, and were that Night beaten back.
Sunday they were ready to fet out again, fi
which Time we have not heard from thence m
than that they lay aboard in the Mouth of
Harbour, and our Men were poffeffed of
Town, and we have obferved the Wind fi
that Time to be good for them, fo as we are
good Hope they are all gone. The Pledges,
cording to Agreement, were come to Cork, be
three Captains of long Continuance, fo as
have Caufe to think Don Jean hath dealt fince
with us, and are not out of Hope to be no m
troubled with any Spaniards; yet to be provi
for the worst that may happen, fo long as the S
nish Cloud hangs over us, we have divided b
the Victuals and great Part of the Munition i
fundry Harbours along the Sea-Coaſt of this P
vince, the more ready to anfwer all Occafic
as may more fully appear by the Notes we f
herewithin: If by this Means her Majef
Charge grow great, (as we cannot but ackno
ledge it will,) and the Service North-ward
flower than it would otherwiſe if we might
ply ourſelves wholly that Way, we beseech y
VOL. II.
Lordit...
H
go
114
MORYSON'S History Book II.
Lordships favourably to confider the Neceffities
that lead us thereunto, leaft leaving any Place un-
provided for the Facility fhould invite a coming
thither, and in that Regard we have given our
an Intention to fortify in all the feveral Places of
Beer-baven, Caftle-haven, Baltimore, and the Creeks
and Paffages along that Coaſt: Whereas thefe
Spaniards being gone, as now God be thanked
they are, we have no Meaning fo to do, in regard
we have no Anfwer from your Lordships touch-
ing that Point, and thereby conceive that her Ma-
jefty will not undergo fo great a Charge though
we continue ftill of this Opinion that it were the
fafeft Courſe to fortify in thoſe Places; and if
the Spaniards fhould come again without ftrong
Forts and Citadels upon the chief Towns, (whom
our late Experience fhewed us apparently to be
wavering,) we can neither have Safety for Re-
treat if any Difafter fhould befal us, nor Com-
modity for Victuals and Munition, but that alto-
gether would be in Danger, and the whole ha-
zarded or loft at an Inftant, which Point we hold
ourfelves bound in Duty to provide for; and
therefore if her Majefty do not like to make Ci
tadels in thefe Towns and Citics which we noted
to be fit in our former Letters, we hold it of ve
ry great Neceffity that the Harbours of Cork and
Kinfale be yet well fortified, which we have already
begun to do at Kinfale, and have viewed the
Mouth of the Harbour of Cork, where by raifing
one good Fort at the Entry, and another upon an
Ifland in that River, the Harbour will very aptly
be fecured, and all Victuals and Munition for our
Uſe moſt commodiouſly defended againſt all Ene-
mies, which we hold a Matter of very great Im-
portance: And if thefe Works fhall be erected,
to Culverins and 10 demy-Culverins of Iron,
mounted
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
115
mounted upon unfhod Wheels, for Platforms to
be placed in the Forts to be made in thoſe two
Harbours, muſt forthwith be ſent (with Bullets
for them) either to Cork or to Kinfale. Our
whole Store of Victuals being divided into fun-
dry Parts of this Province (as by this Note ap-
peareth) we are in doubt we ſhall want when we
enter into a Profecution Noinward, unleſs your
Lordships be pleaſed to continue that Courſe for
our Supplies, that we confefs you have moft pro-
vidently hitherto afforded us; for where fome
conceive, and (as it ſeemeth) have informed, that
we may be furnifhed here with Victuals, it is to
us moft ftrange and paft all Belief, and to make
it more apparent unto your Lordships, it may
pleaſe you to confider that it is impoffible to
make an End of this War without wafting and
poiling of the Country. This (as we muft do
ftill) we have of long Time very earneftly laboured
and effected in as great a Meaſure as we can pof-
fibly deviſe, and then how can it in Reaſon be
thought that we can ftarve the Rebel and yet
preferve Victuals in the Country for the Soldier?
fo as we must conclude, that if we fail once of
our victualling out of England, upon Hope to
have it found in this Realm by any Man's Un-
derſtanding, the Army will either be ſtarved or
driven to break upon a fudden when it will not
be in our Power to help it, and this we beseech
your Lordships to believe if we have made any
Ufe of our Experience here. Yet if there be any
Poffibility thereof, when we have conferred what
may be provided out of the Pale and quieteft Parts
of Munfter, we will further certify your Lordſhips.
And befides we do apparently forefee, now that the
apparelling of the Soldier is left unto the Cap-
tain (which yet beſt contents all Parties,) that if
the exchanging of the new Coin be not royally
kept up the Soldier will be in worſe Cafe than
before:
H 2
116
MORYSON'S History Book II.
!
before: For all Things here are already grown fo
dear and ſcarce, fince the new Coin went cur
rent, as Cloths are both exceffively dear here, and
in any Quantity not to be had for Money, but
muft neceffarily be provided in England and brought
hither, which cannot be if the Exchange fail
never fo little; for then will the Soldier be un-
clothed, which rather than he will endure he
will run away, though he be fure to be hanged,
and this we fear will be likewife a Mean for the
breaking of the Army. The Decays by Sickneſs
and otherwiſe are already fo great, notwithſtand-
ing all that we can do (and yet we have not been
wanting in our Providency) as we moft humbly
crave to have Supplies fent from Time to Time
(till the Rebellion be broken, which if no foreign
Forces arrive, we hope will be in fhort Time,)
not under Captains but Conductors, for we find
by Experience that the Captains that are ſent
hither with their Companies (conceiving that
they ſhall not ſtand long) either by Negligence
or Corruption loſe their Men, fo that when they
are turned over to ſupply others fcarce 10 of a
100 can be had of them, where at the firſt com-
ing over with the Conductors we can better call
them to a ftrict Account, and find the Men to
fill up other Companies by difpofing them to fuch
as we know will beft preferve them, fo as they
need not reinforce their Companies with the Irish,
as they will when they cannot come by English,
by which Means the Companies (we confefs) are
full of Irish, which till our Supplies come cannot
well be holpen. And whereas I, the Deputy,
have ever been (as my Duty is) moft defirous to
diminiſh her Majefty's Lift, and to that End not
only have taken all Occafions by the Death of
Captains to extinguish their Entertainment, but
alfo have meerly difcharged above rooo fince No-
vember, 1600. Now the Captains and Men thus
diſcharged
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
117
diſcharged thinking their Fortunes overthrown
by me, had never Confideration of the Neceffity
impoſed upon me to do it, but only locking upon
their own Lofs, and (as they esteem it) Difgrace,
they become ſo many Enemies to me, and many
of them clamorous against me and my Proceed-
ings. And whereas by fome of your Lordships
Letters it pleafed you to let me know that your
fending many Captains proceedeth from my re-
commending of many unto you. I do humbly af-
fure your Lordships that almoſt all which came
over were Strangers to me; and if the reft have
had Letters from me I wrote them at their Requeſt,
only to testify that they had behaved themfelves
no otherwiſe than honeftly here, which was the
leaft I could afford them when I was forced to
take away their Companies. But if her Majefty
expect an Abatement of her Lift I beseech your
Lordships to confider my hard Condition. For
if I difcharge fuch as you fend over, I do not only
become odious unto them, but offend many of
your Lordships, by whofe Favour they obtained
that Charge. And if I diſcharge fuch old Cap-
tains as I found here, and of whofe Sufficiency I
have fince had continual Experience by their often
adventuring their Blood and Lives, I ſhould not
only return unto her Majeſty importunate Suitors,
armed with good Juftice to crave Reward, but
myſelf ſhould incur the fame and more juſt diſlike
of them and their Friends. But that which for
her Majefty's Service grieveth me moft is, that I
fhould thereby difenable myſelf hereafter to do her
Majefty that Service which heretofore I have done,
and next unto God muft attribute to their Valour
and Sufficiency. For touching the Irish, by whofe
Diſcharge I mean to make no fmall Abatement,
I have heretofore laboured by infenfible Degrees
to diminiſh that Charge, and I will chufe a fit
Time fully to effect it, the fudden doing whereof
might
H 3
118
MORYSON'S History Book II,
might cauſe rather an Increaſe than Decreaſe of
her Majefty's Charge. We have lately recom-
mended fome of the incorporate Towns here to
your Lordships, and may happily have Occafion
to do the like, to draw them (if it might be) to
a more affectionate Furtherance of the Service, at
the leaſt to hold them with fome Contentment,
though indeed they have not afforded us that help
that they both might and ought. Yet our Mean-
ing was not thereby to prefs your Lordships to
any Enlargement of their Franchiſes, for which
happily they will thereupon be Suitors; for we
confefs truly to your Lordships that we think
theſe corporate Towns in general have already too
great and too many Privileges and Immunities,
unless they better knew (or would more readily
endeavour) to deferve them, which we thought
meet at this Time to give your Lordships a Tafte
of, left they might otherwiſe make that Ufe of
our Letters that we intended not. Further, we
defire that your Lordships will perfuade her Ma-
jefty to refolve prefently to make Citadels in the
chiefeft of thefe Towns, without which we ſhall
never bring them to perform their Duties. And
Lo, &c.
Don Jean (whether with or without Authority
given him from Spain I know not) had often dif-
courfed with the Lord Deputy during their A,
bode together at Cork, that it was no unlikely or
difficult Work to make Peace between England
and Spain, yea, he went fo far as to urge the
Lord Deputy to deal therein; but his Lordfhip
only made Anfwer, that he knew her Majefty to
be graciouſly inclined to hold good Amity with
all Chriftian Princes, yet as fhe was confident in
her own Power, fo fhe was in all Things jealous
of her Honour, and eſpecially in that Point
wherein her royal Meaning had not been enter-
tained with the like by the State of Spain, whence
We
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
119
we had received fuch ill Meaſure in all our late
Treaties to that Purpoſe as all Men were diſcou-
raged to be any more made Inftruments therein:
Whereupon Don Jean fware unto his Lordship,
that as he left the State of Spain affected, upon
his Knowledge it was then a Thing eafy to ef
fect, and a Thing much deſired of them to have
firm Peace between England and Spain: And he
further added, that if upon his Arrival in Spain,
finding Things to ftand in the fame Condition,
he did (at the Return of our Ships thence) give
his Lordship any Inckling thereof than upon his
Reputation his Lordſhip dealing with the State of
England in that Matter fhould lofe no Honour
thereby. The Lord Deputy hitherto had done
no more than anſwer Don Jean's Propofition in
civil Terms, wherein he had ſpoken no more than
any private Man might lawfully have done if he
had Licence to confer with him; yet left he might
be thought to have exceeded his Commiffion in
this nice Difcourfe, and having good Reafons to
imagine that as God many Times doth work by
unlikely, yea by contrary Means, fo he and Don
Jean, out of their Commiffion to make War one
upon the other, might prove Commiffioners for
making a Peace, his Lordship advertiſed thus
much to Mafter Secretary in England, praying
to have further Warrant and Inftructions if it
were thought fit he ſhould further proceed there-
in: But by Don Jean's Silence from Spain this
Overture paffed as a Dream, and took no Effect
as long as the Queen lived.
H 4
The
120
MORYSON'S History Book II.
The 24th Day of March, being the laft Day. (after
the Engliſh Writing) of the Year 1601, the Lord
Deputy and Council being at Kilkenny, and en-
tertained by the Earl of Ormond in his Houfe,
wrote this following Letter to the Lords in Eng-
land.
H
It may pleaſe your Lordships;
AVING certain Intelligence fince our
coming to this Place, that Don Jean with
all the reft of the Spaniards departed from Kinfale
on Tueſday the 16th hereof, and that the Wind
fince that Time hath ferved them fo well as we
affure ourſelves by this they are near the Coaſt of
Spain, we thought fit hereby to give your Lord-
hips Notice thereof that you may know we are
free now of them all. Since our being here
there hath been brought in a notorious Rebel,
one William Mac Hubbard, lately taken in upper
Ofory, who of late hath done great Spoils and
Murders in theſe Parts more than any other, fo
as we have caufed him to be executed in this
Town to the great Terror of many. About the
fame Time that he was executed a Son of Garret
Mac Mortagh, named Morice Mac Garret, died of
a Hurt lately given him in fight, who was a most
dangerous young Man, like to trouble all the
Country. The Death of thefe two Rebels, as
alfo of a notorious Rebel by birth of Munster,
lately flain (called Dermot Mac Awley, who was
an inward Man, and a great practising Inftrument
with Tyrone) will greatly quiet all thefe Parts, and
your Lordships can hardly think what a great
Change we find already by their fo happy and
timely cutting off. And as for Sir Fynneen & Dryf-
ô
col, ô Donnevan, and the two Sons of Sir Owen
Mac Carty, they and their Followers fince their
coming
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
121
coming in are grown very odious to the Rebels
of thoſe Parts, and are fo well divided in Facti-
ons among themſelves as they are fallen to prey-
ing and killing one another, which we conceive
will much avail to the quieting of theſe Parts. I,
the Deputy, am this Day going towards Dublin,
from whence your Lordships fhall hear from me
according to the Directions given me by your
Lordships. And I, the Prefident am returning
into Munster to attend my Charge there. We
have been much importuned by the Army in ge-
neral touching an Abatement of half a Pound of
Beef upon every Flesh Day from every particu-
lar Soldier, and of two Herrings every Fifh Day,
and the Horſe Troops likewife find themſelves
grieved that the Victualler chargeth them with
2 s. 6 d. Increaſe in the iſſuing of every Barrel of
Oats, without any other Warrant than a private
Letter from Mr. Wade, Clerk of the Council,
which although we conceive Mr. Wade hath fig-
nified over upon fome fuch Purpoſe of your Lord-
fhips, or other good Ground, yet in regard of
the Importunities of the Captains, and to prevent
a general Mutiny of the Army, in regard the
Soldiers are weak and much infeebled by the late
Siege of Kinfale, and that the Prices of all Things
are increaſed above all Meaſure by Reaſon of the
new Standard Coin, and that the Country is ge-
nerally much harried and wafted and thereby
great Scarcity and Wants grow here, we hold it
meet, and accordingly gave Direction to the Com-
miffary of the Victuals to iffue Oats (as formerly)
at 6s. the Barrel, and allow the Soldier two
Pound of Beef, and eight Herrings a Day, accord-
ing as it was formerly accuſtomed, till your Lord-
ſhips Refolution were returned in that Behalf,
which we humbly pray and expect: And fo having
no
122
MORYSON'S History Book II.
1
no other Matter at this Time worthy the pre-
fenting to your Lordfhips we moft humbly take
leave, &c.
The Lord Prefident having accompanied the
Lord Deputy to Kilkenny did from thence return
to his Charge in the Province of Munster. At
Kilkenny the Lord Deputy began to feel himſelf
fickly, having formerly complained of fome Di-
ftemper (a likely Effect of his Watchings and Cold
taken during the hard Winter Siege at Kinfale,)
and his Lordship's Sickneſs fo grew upon him
as the next Day he was carried in a Horfe-litter,
and fo all the Journey till he came to Dublin,
where he arrived the 28th of March in the Be-
ginning of the Year 1602, and his Diftemper ftill
continuing, applied himſelf to take Phyfick. I
will conclude the Acts of the Year paft with this
following Abſtract of her Majefty's Charge in
the Realm of Ireland, from the 1st of April 1601,
to the 29th of March 1602.
The Total of all Charges
as well in the Eftablishment,
as by other Warrants extra-
ordinary
oin?
Viz. In the new Coin?
mixed ready Money,
In Apparel for the Soldiers,
provided in England with Sil:
ver Money
Checqued by the Muſter-
maſter, in Money
In Apparel
1. s. d. q.
283673 19 11
215850 19 04
67823 0006 //
15149 06 00 o
22457 06 02
9/20
Befides
So her Majefty's whole? 246087 07 08
Charge is in the Year 1601,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
123
Befides the Concordatums, Bills imprefted up-
on Accounts here, the Levies and tranfporting of
Forces (paid in England,) the Payment of Works,
and the Charges of the Office of the Ordnance,
for Powder, Bullets, &c.
THE
!
•9906
THE
REBELLION
O F
HUGH, Earl of Tyrone, &c.
BOOK III.
CHAP. I.
Of the Profecution of the War by the Lord Mount-
joy, Lord Deputy, against the Rebels, in the
Year 1602.
I
N the Beginning of the Year 1602, for the
latter Part of March, and good Part of April,
the Lord Deputy's Indifpofition of Body a-
bove-mentioned, did ftill continue, and his
Lordship for a fhort time attended nothing, but
the Recovery of his Health. Only on the
31st of March, he fignified to the Lords in
England,
BookIII. MORYSON's Hiſtory, &c. 125
England, that from the 16th of March, when the
Spaniards fet fail from Kinfale, the Wind had con-
tinued fo favourable, as he nothing doubted but
they were arrived in Spain. And his Lordship
advertiſed the State of his weak Health, and pray-
ed to be excufed, that he could not as yet confi-
der with the Council here, about the Diſpatch
of Sir Robert Gardner, and Sir Oliver St. John,
with the Relation of this Kingdom's prefent E-
ftate, according to the Directions he had former-
ly received to that Purpofe, which he was care-
ful to do fo foon as Health would permit him.
Adding that in the mean time the Forces were fo
difpofed, as they might be moſt active in the Pro-
fecution of Tyrone, and his broken Partakers. And
the Lord Deputy having Intelligence, that after
the Knowledge of his and Don Jean's Agreement,
the Preparations of Seconds in Spain were divert-
ed, and fo not fearing any Interruptions by fo-
reign Forces, was bold to give the Lords in Eng-
land Confidence of his future Endeavours in his
Charge, whereof he hoped to give her Majeſty a
good Account, God pleafing to restore his Health,
fo as he might proceed with that Speed and Ala-
crity which he intended.
The 3d of April his Lordship received Letters
from the Lords in England, fignifying, that they
concurred with him in Grief, that by contrary
Winds ftaying the Spaniards tranfporting, his
Lordship was forced to ftay in Munfter, and flack
the Opportunity of profecuting Tyrone at his firſt
Return and Flight out of Munster, when he was
in fuch Plight, as he could feign no hopes of
Safety to himſelf, lying in fome Faftneſs or other,
and often changing his Abode, for fear of fome
Attempt against his Perſon ſet at a Price, and ftill
having neither Powder nor Lead, but making in-
finite Means into Scotland to be furniſhed there-
with, fo as if the Northern Garriſons were not
weak
x26
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
weak for want of Supplies, and if fome Forces
could have been fpared to ftrengthen them, in all
Probability they might have ruined Tyrone ere
this. That our Ships tranfporting the Spaniards,
were well uſed in Spain, and upon their Arrival,
the Ships prepared at the Groyne for Ireland were
preſently unfurnished, fo as her Majefty's Fleet,
and fome Ships of the Low Countries lying this
Summer on the Coaft of Spain, they conceived
all Spanish Aids for Ireland would for the preſent
be diverted. That for Citadels to be built in the
Towns and Ports, her Majefty in general allowed
thereof, leaving the Choice of moft fit Places,
and the Manner of Building to his Lordship, as
alfo to certify an Eſtimate of the Charge, and the
beſt Means to raiſe it otherwife, than out of her
Majefty's Coffers. That her Majefty commend-
ed the difcreet intercepting of the Spanish Letters,
by which the King's Earneftneſs to follow that
Enterprize appeared, but no doubt by the English
Fleet prepared for that Coaſt would be diverted.
That no Supplies fhould be expected out of Eng-
land, where the Levies had been fo burdenfonie,
as for the prefent it was fit to forbear them. That
in all Grants to the fubmitting Rebels, they re-
quired his Lordship to have Care, that they were
not fo abfolute, as they fhould not be in Awe of
the State, orbe able to tyrannife over their Neigh-
bours, and particularly that any Treafon of the
Patentees fhould forfeit all the Grant. That Irish
Companies fhould not be imployed near their own
Home, eſpecially in any great Numbers, neither
fhould have any Pay for Apparel, there being no
Reaſon that their Pay fhould be equal to that of
the English. Laftly, to the End the Submittees
might not abufe her Majefty's Mercy to their
temporifing Ends, as they had often done, by Re-
volts into Rebellion after Submiffions and Pro-
tections, their Lordships required, that as every
chief
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
127
chief Rebel was taken in, fo they fhould be dif
armed.
But this laſt Point was not effected for this Con-
fideration, that by that Means every chief Lord
upon Submiffion fhould leave his Country with-
out Defence, and open to be ſpoiled, both by
neighbouring Rebels, and thievifh Subjects. It
is true, that after all the War fully ended, a ge-
neral difarming had been requifite, but the Event
will fhew, how that was after neglected in the
proper time (when the firft Act was, cafting the
English Forces,) which now was preffed, when
there was no Poffibility to effect it.
The Lift of the Forces in April, 1602.
Colonels of the Army, 14.
The Earl of Clanrickard.
The Earl of Thomond.
The Lord Audley. Sir Henry Dockwra. Sir Sa-
muel Bagnol. Sir Chriftopher St. Laurence. Sir Ar-
thur Chichester. Sir Richard Moryfon. Sir Charles
Wilmot. Sir Richard Percy. Sir Oliver St. John.
Sir Henry Power. Sir Henry Folliot. Sir Benjamin
Berry.
The Forces in Munster of Horſe.
The Lord Prefident, 100. The Earl of Tho-
mond, 100. Sir Charles Wilmot, 25. Sir Anthony
Cooke, fo. Capt. Taffe, so. Horſe 325.
Foot in Munster.
The Lord Prefident, 200. The Earl of Tho-
mond, 200. The Lord Barry, 100. The Lord
Audley, 150. Sir Charles Wilmot, 150. Sir George
Cary, Treaſurer, 100. Sir George Thornton, 100.
Sir Garret Harvey, 150. Sir Richard Percy, 150.
Sir
128
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
Sir Francis Barkley, 150. Sir John Dowdal, 100.
Sir Samuel Bagnol, 150. Sir Anthony Cooke, 100.
Sir Alexander Clifford, 100.
Sir Arthur Savage,
150. The Earl of Defmond, 100. The White
Knight, 100. Capt. Roger Harvey, 150. Capt.
Flower, 150. Capt. Saxey, 100. Capt. Slingsbye,
100. Capt. Skipwith, 100. Capt. Hobby, 100.
Capt. Francis Kinfmel, 150. Capt. Power, 100.
Capt. George Kinfmel, 100. Capt. Cullom, 100.
Capt. Bostock, 100. Capt. Gawen Harvey, 100.
Capt. Coote, 100. Capt. Stafford, 100. Capt.
Owflye, 100. Capt. Blundel, 100. Capt. Dor-
rington, 100. Capt. Sidley, 100. Capt. Boys, 100.
Capt. Holcroft, 100. Foot
Foot 4400.
Horfe in Connaught.
The Earl of Clanrickard, 50.
bert, 25. Sir Oliver St. John, 25.
Marthal, 12. Horfe, 112.
Foot in Connaught.
Sir Oliver Lam-
Capt. Wayman,
Sir Oliver Lambert, Governor, 150. Earl of
Clanrickard, 150.
Oliver St. John, 200.
Tibot ne Long, 100.
Thomas Bourke, 100.
Rotheram, 150. Capt. May, 100.
Judges Pay, 100. Capt. Clare, 150. Foot, 1650.
Sir Thomas Bourke, 150. Sir
Capt. Tibbot Bourke, called
Capt. Malby, 150. Capt.
Capt. Gheft, 150. Capt.
Void for the
The Forces lying Southward upon Leinster in Gar-
rifons.
Horfe at Ophaly, Leax, and Kilkenny.
Earl of Kildare, 25. Sir Edward Harbert, 12.
Maſter Marſhal, 20. Capt. Piggot, 12. The
Earl of Ormond, so. Horfe, 119.
Foot
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
129
Foot at Ophaly, Leax, and Kilkenny.
The Earl of Kildare, 150. Sir George Bourcher,
100. Sir Edward Harbert, 100. Sir Henry War-
ren, 100. Capt. ô Carrol, 100. Sir Henry Power,
150. Sir Francis Rufh, 150. Sir Thomas Loftus,
100. The Earl of Ormond, 150. Foot, 1100.
The Forces lying Northward upon Leinster in Gare
rifons.
Foot in Weft-meath, Kells, Lifcannon in the Bren
ny, Dundalk, and Moyry.
Lord of Delvin, 150. Sir Francis Shane, 15o.
Capt. Thomas Roper, 150.
150. Capt. Efmond, 150.
100. Sir Henry Harrington,
nand Freckleton, 100.
100. Foot, 1200.
The Lord Dunfany,
Sir William Warren,
100. Capt. Ferdi-
Capt. Richard Handfards
Horſe in Kells, and Lifcannon in the Brenng..
The Earl of Kildare, 25.
ton, 25. Lord Dunfany, fo.
Sir Henry Harring
Horſe, too.
Out of Munster Forces were drawn into Con-
naught 1000 Foot, and so Horfe, and the above-
faid Forces of Connaught are 112 Horfe, and
1650 Foot. Hereof were left to guard Galway
and Athlone, Foot 200. Left in Garrifon at the
Abby of Boyle 1000 Foot, and 62 Horfe, which
ferved to further our new Plantation at Ballifhan-
non, (for there a Garriſon was newly planted, and
Sir Henry Folliot was made Governor thereof.)
The reft of the Horſe and Foot were laid at the
Annaly, and might fitly join with the Garrifons
difpofed Southward and Northward upon Leinster,
VOL. II.
upon
I
130
MORYSON'S History Book III.
upon
all Occafions of Service, as more eſpecially
they might concur in ftopping the Rebels for
paffing either on the South or North-fide into
Leinster. As likewiſe the Garriſons Southward
might anſwer one another, and theſe Northward
anſwer one another, upon all Occafions of Ser-
vice.
Garrifons in the North.
Foot at Mount-Norris.
Having drawn out 600 Foot, and 100 Horfe
for the Army, left to keep the Fort, Capt. Ather-
ton, 150.
Foot at Armagh.
Having drawn out for the Army 750 Foot, and
125 Horfe, left to keep the Abby Sir Henry Da-
vers his Company 150, himſelf commanding the
Horſe in the Army.
Foot at Blackwater.
Having drawn out for the Army 100 Foot, left
to keep the Fort Capt. Thomas Williams, 150.
Horſe and Foot at the Newry.
Having drawn out 300 Foot for the Army, left
to keep the Town, Sir Francis Stafford, so Horſe.
Sir Francis Stafford, 200 Foot.
In Garrifon, Total of Horfe, 5o. Foot, 650.
The
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
131
The Forces at Loughfoyle_lay thus in Garrisons,
out of which Sir Henry Dockwra was to draw
a competent Force into the Field, for the Summer
Service, and to meet the Lord Deputy in Ty-
rone.
Foot.
At Derry, Sir Henry Dockwra, 200. Capt.
Orme, 100. Capt. Flood, 150. At Dunman,
Capt. Atkinſon, 150. At Dunalong, Capt. Badby,.
150. At Ainogh, Capt. Sidney, 100. At Cul-
more, Capt. Alford, ioo. At Ramullan, Capt.
Bingley, 15o. At Bert, Capt. Winföre, 150. At
Kilmatren, Capt. Vaughan, 100. At Cargan
Capt. Hart, 100. At Liffer, Capt. Willys, 150.
Capt. Pinner, 100. Capt. Brooks, 100. Capt.
Coach, 150. Capt. Leygh, 100.
At Dunagal, Afberaw, and Ballifhannon.
Sir John Bolles, 150. Capt. Diggs, 100. Capt.
Gore, 150. Capt. Stafford, 100. Capt. Wood,
150. Capt. Orell, 150. Capt. Baffet, 100.
Capt. Dutton, 100. In all 3000 Foot.
Horſe at Ainagh, Dunalong, and Liffer, Sir
Henry Dockwra, 100. At Ballifhannon, Sir John
Bolles, 5o. In all 150 Horſe.
Befides Irish Foot, 300; and Irish Horſe, 100,
I z
The
132
MORYSON'S History Book III.
}
The Forces in Garrison at Carrickfergus, out of
which Sir Arthur Chicheſter was to draw a com-
petent Strength to come by Water, and meet the
Lord Deputy in Tyrone.
Foot.
Sir
Sir Arthur Chichester, Governor, 200.
Foulke Conway, 150. Capt. Sackfield, 100. Capt.
Norton, 100. Capt. Billings, 150. Capt. Philips,
150. Foot, 850.
Horfe at Carrickfergus.
Sir Arthur Chichester, Governor, 25. Capt.
John Jephson, 100. Horſe, 125.
Foot in Lecaile.
Sir Richard Moryfon under his Lieutenant, 150,
himſelf commanding a Regiment in the Army.
The Lord Deputy's Army in the Field for this Sum-
mer's Service.
Horfe.
The Lord Deputy, 100. Sir William Godolphin,
fo. Sir Garret Moore, fo. Sir Richard Greame,
5o. Sir Samuel Bagnol, 5o. Sir Henry Davers,
100. Mafter Marſhal, 30. Sir Christopher St.
Laurence, 25. Sir Francis Rush, 12. Capt. Fle-
ming, 25. Capt. George Greame, 14.
Horſe in the Army, 506.
Foot.
Lord Deputy's Guard, 200.
200. Sir Benjamin Berry, 150.
Sir John Barkley,
Sir Henry Folliot,
150.
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
133
Sir James
150. Sir William Fortescue, 150.
Pierce, 150. Sir Garret Moore, 100. Sir Chrifto-
pher St. Laurence, 150. Sir Edward Fitzgarret,
100. Sir Tybbot Dillon, 100. Mafter Marſhal, 150.
Capt. Fofas Bodley, 150. Capt. Toby Caulfield,
150. Capt. Richard Hanfard, 100. Capt. Edward
Blany, 150. Capt. Fran. Roe, 150. Capt. Ralph
Conftable, 100. Capt. Fisher, 100. Capt. John
Roberts, 100. Capt. George Blount, 150. Capt.
James Blount, 100. Capt. Henflo for Pioneers,
200. Capt. Masterfon, 150. Capt. Henry Bark-
ley, 150. Capt. Morris, 100.
. Capt. Anthony
Earsfield, 100. Capt. Trever, 100.
Foot in the Army, 3650.
Total of Horſe by the Lift, 1487. Foot by
the Lift, 16950.
The Forces being thus difpofed for the Sum-
mer's Service, and the Lord Deputy having re-
covered his Health, his firſt Care was to obey her
Majeſty's Directions, in difpatching for England
Sir Robert Gardener, and Sir Oliver St. John, with
a Relation of the preſent State of this Kingdom.
By them, befides Inftructions of the preſent State,
his Lordship fent this following Letter to the
Lords in England, dated the 5th of May, 1602.
May it please your Lordships,
A
Lthough you have good Reaſon to gueſs at
the Difficulties of the War of Ireland, both
by the long Continuance, and the exceeding Charge
thereof before my time (under which the Rebels
Strength did ever grow,) as by the flow Progrefs
(though ftill to the better) that it hath made (I
muft confefs) under my Government; yet fince I
do conceive, that none but we that are perfonal
Actors therein (eſpecially in theſe times, wherein
the Fashion and Force of this People is fo much
altered from that it was wont to be,) can tho-
roughly
I 3
134
MORYSON'S History Book III.
roughly apprehend with how many Impediments,
Crofles and Oppofitions we undertake and pro-
ceed in all things. I humbly defire
I humbly defire your Lord-
hips to give me leave, for your Satisfaction and
the Diſcharge of my Duty, to open unto you
ſome of the Caufes (which I do better feel than I
can expreſs) that have hindred ſo ſpeedy a Con-
clufion of this War, as her Majefty, out of her
great Providence, and large Proportion of Ex-
pence, might happily expect. At my firft Arri-
val, I found the Rebels more in Number, than
at any time they had been fince the Conqueft, and
thofe fo far from being naked People, as before
times, that they were generally better armed than
we, knew better the Uſe of their Weapons than
our Men, and even exceeded us in that Difcipline,
which was fitteft for the advantage of the natural
Strength of the Country, for that they, being
very many, and expert Shot, and excelling in
Footmanfhip all other Nations, did by that Means
make better Uſe of thofe Strengths, both for Of-
fence and Defence, than could have been made of
any Squadrons of Pikes, or artificial Fortificati-
ons of Towns. In regard whereof, I prefumed
that Man's Wit could hardly find out any other
Courſe to overcome them, but by Famine, which
was to be wrought by feveral Garrifons planted in
fit Places, and altered upon good Occafions.
Theſe Plantations could not be made but by Ar-
mies, which muſt firſt ſettle them, and after re-
move them, as the Strength of the Enemy requi-
red; the time for thoſe Plantations (not only of
moft Conveniency, but almoft of Neceffity) was
to be in the Sum, and that for many eminent
Reatons, but especially in that Means might be
provided for Horfe to live in the Winter, with-
out which thofe Garriſons would prove of little
Iffect
Now I beseech your Lordships to re-
number, that I received this Charge the 28th of
February,
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
135
}
February, in the Year 1599, at which time I
found the Rebels in Number, and Arms (as I
have faid) grown to the very Height of Pride and
Confidence, by a continued Line of their Suc-
cefs and our Misfortunes; of the Subjects, the
worst affifting them openly, and almoft the beſt
leaning to their Fortune, out of a Deſpair of ours;
the Army diſcouraged in themſelves, and (believe
me my Lords, for you will hardly believe) much
contemned by the Rebels. None of our Garri-
fons had ſtirred abroad, but they returned beaten,
the Enemy being ſo far Maſter of the Field, that
Tyrone had meaſured the whole length of Ireland,
and was coming back unfought with. And with
me they began the War at the very Suburbs of
Dublin. At that time the Choice of the whole
Army, and even of every Company (that was left
behind) was drawn into Munster by the Earl of
Ormond; howbeit I being defirous to lofe no
Time nor Opportunity, prefently gathered toge-
ther that poor Remnant, being the Refuſe of the
reft, with a Purpoſe to have fought with the
Traitor in his Return,between Fercale and the Enny:
But he haſtening his Journies upon fome Intelli-
gence of my Defign, and I being the longer
Itayed (by the Difference of the Councils Opini-
on) from mine Intent, it fell out, that I came too
late to try that fair Fortune with him. The reft
of the Spring I was enforced to attend the draw-
ing of divers Captains and Companies from re-
mote and divided Garrifons, that were to be im-
ployed for Loughfoyle and Ballyshannon; for by
your Lordships Appointment, I was to fend 1000
other Solders from thefe Parts, and to caft 3000
more, in Confideration of fo many fent thither
out of England, and to reduce the Lift from 16000
to 14000, which at that time was a Proportion
too little to undertake the War withal; I was
further to victual the Forts of Leax and Ophaly,
I 4
in
}
136
MORYSON's Hiftory Book III.
At
in thoſe times accounted great and dangerous Ser-
vices. And about the 5th of May, 1600, I drew
towards the North, chiefly to divert Tyrone and
his Northern Forces, from giving Oppofition to
the Plantation at Loughfoyle, but withal purpofing,
if I found Means for Victuals and Carriages, to
have left a Garrifon at Armagh. The firft I did
thoroughly effect, for I gave Way to thofe of Lough-
foyle to land, and fettle quietly, drew Tyrone with
his chief Forces upon my felt, and in all the Fights
I had with him, made him know, that his For-
tune began to turn, and break thofe Bounds of
his Circuit, whence he was wont to affront our
greateſt Armies; for in that which was laft be-
fore this called a Northern Journey, when the Ar-
my confifted almoſt of double Numbers of Horſe
and Foot, they were by the Traitor forced and
arreſted within the Confines of the Pale.
my return, I finding by Obfervation in my Jour-
ney (wherewith the whole Council did concur in
Opinion,) that the Garriſon of Loughfoyle would
do little hurt to Tyrone, except there were Forces
left at, or about Armagh, fince they might eafily
fly out of their Reach, and fhould enjoy between
Dungannon and the Pale, one of the largeſt and
moft fertil Countries of Ireland, we became Sui-
tors to your Lordships in June, 1600, that with
more Men, and more Provifions you would enable
us to that Plantation, and in the mean time I in-
tended the Service in Ophaly and Leax, the
Strength of the Rebellion in Leinster, and moſt
dangerous Rebels of Ireland. And whereas the
laft time the Army paffed through Leax (being one
of the greateſt that hath been at any time toge-
ther in this Kingdom,) it was encountred and al-
moft diftreffed by the only Natives of that Coun-
try, it pleafed God, that in all our Conflicts,
which were many, we fo prevailed againſt them,
as though all the Rebels in Leinster were then ga-
thered
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
137
thered together, yet by killing Owny mac Rory,
with many of the best Men of both Countries,
and by utterly ſpoiling them (that were exceeding
rich in all Means for Life,) they have never fince
been able to make Head any otherwife, than to
live difperfed in little Numbers as Wood-kernes,
and daily are confumed and wear away. And fur-
ther, in that Year we recovered all the Earl of
Ormond's Pledges. Upon the Arrival of the Sup-
plies fent by your Lordships, although the time
of the Year were far fpent, and indeed over-far
to plant Garriſons to any great Purpoſe, for the
next enfuing Winter, and that, at that Inftant we
were ill provided both of Victual and Money,
yet we fet forward, and the 15th Day of Septem-
ber came to Dundalk, and incamping two Miles
from thence, within half a Mile of the Entrance
of the Moyry, we found that Pace (by which we
were to pafs,) being naturally one of the moſt
Difficult Paffages of Ireland, fortified with good
Art, and with admirable Induſtry, (the Enemy
having raiſed from Mountain to Mountain, from
Wood to Wood, and from Bog to Bog, long
Traverſes, with huge and high Flanckers of great
Stones, mingled with Turf, and ftaked on both
Sides with Pallifadoes watled,) and poffeffed with
one of the greateſt Armies that ever they were
able to make. But that which was our main Im-
pediment, was the Extremity of the Weather, and
great Rain, which made the Rivers unpaffable,
howbeit in the end the Waters fomewhat falling,
after we had endured more than credible Hardnefs,
and given many, and thoſe violent Affaults on their
Trenches, we won our Paffage, and immediately
planted a Garrifon within eight fmall Miles of
Armagh, now called Mount-Norris, for at Ar-
magh the Graſs was fo confumed, that we could
not have lived there with our Horfes, while the
Place fhould have been made tenable, and this
other
138
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
other Garriſon was thought neceffary to be pof-
feffed, though Armagh it felf had been planted,
and in the mean time of little lefs effect. And fo.
far did we ftretch out our Victuals, and improve
our time, and all other Provifions, that having
Tyrone's Army continually within little more than
Musket Shot of us, within two Days we made
this Fort guardable, and left therein all our Bag-
gage, that with all our Means for Carriage, and
even with many of our own Horfes, we might
from the Newry convey as much Victuals thither,
as might be, which we performed in fo fhort a
time, and yet in fo good time, that we were forced
to faft two Days in our Return. This Garrifon
could not be to fuch Effect as it fhould be, be-
cauſe we had not Victuals enough to leave a
competent Proportion for a fufficient Number of
Men, neither could there any Horſe be left for
want of Means for them. Nevertheless, that
Winter there was great good Service done by
thofe of that Fort, commanded by Capt. Edward
Blaney, a very worthy and painful Gentleman.
I do not repeat the Manner of our Fights nor
the Number of them, both before and after in
our Return wherein the Rebel feldom fcaped with-
out a Blow, and namely in the Pace of Carling-
ford, where he received a notable Overthrow:
Neither fet I down any thing in this to amplify
our own Doings or Endeavours, but to give your
Lordships an Account how this Seafon was loft
from making fuch Plantations as by taking their
Effect in the Winter fhould in fhort Time have
broken the Heart of the Rebellion, and to let it
appear unto your Lordships by the many Diffi-
culties and Oppofitions we found in only bending
this Way, how impoffible it had been for us at
the fame time with the Numbers we had to have
planted in other Places, which had been as ne-
ceffary as this to have made a fudden End of the
War.
Chap. I.
of IRELAND,
139
War. And among other Confiderations your
Lordships may be pleaſed to conceive, that albeit
the Lift of the Forces here in Ireland being unitely
confidered may appear to be fufficiently great,
yet dividing the fame into his Parts, as 3000 in
Munster, 3000 at Loughfoyle, 1000 for Knockfer-
gus, and almoft 2000 in Connaught, the remainder
(whereof I have been only able to prevail myſelf,
and wherewith I have fuftained the Burthen of
the War both in Leinster and the North,) can
hardly bear fuch diminution as all Armies are fub-
ject unto in their deficient Men with fo many fub-
divifions, as I am neceffarily conftrained to make
for the guarding of important Places (as with
the Earl of Ormond, in Leax, Ophaly, and divers
other Parts) to defend the Subject from the In-
curfions of Rebels, and yet leave me a competent
Army to try a Fortune with all the Rebels of the
North, which we must be prepared for, feeing no
fuch Diverfion can be expected from the forefaid
Garrifons as is able to hinder the light-footed
Kerne (having fled their Creaghts into their Faſt-
neffes) from joining their utmoft Strength from
the remoteſt Parts of their Affociates in less than
three Days Warning, Whereas we on the con-
trary, in Caſe of prefent Ufe, can hope for no
Manner of Affiftance from our disjoined Troops
within the Compafs of as many Weeks. And
befides theſe Impediments, and many other, I did
neither then nor at any Time fince meet with any
more hurtful to my Proceedings than the Reftraint
of our Extraordinaries and the Want of all fuch
Kind of Neceffaries as your Lordships were per-
fuaded were only fit for a more royal War;
whereas the Subſtance of Extraordinaries growing
chiefly by huge Provifions of Carriages to con-
vey Victuals, and wafte therein by large Propor-
tions of Pioneers and other Workmens Tools,
with
140
MORYSON'S History Book III,
with divers other Sorts of Engines and Engineers
for Fortification, and Paffages over Rivers, and
other Places otherwife unpaffable, by Materials
for the fame, Rewards for Spials and other Ser-
vices, I will boldly affirm what I prefume I can
prove to your Lordships, that there is no War in
the World that to be effectually followed doth
require a more liberal Expence for Provifion of
all theſe Things than this, and of all other Extraordi-
naries, faving the Charge of great Artillery,where-
of alfo in fome Meaſure, though in a far lefs than
other Places we have great Ufe. And of many
(perchance more forcible) to preſent unto your
Lordships only theſe two Reafons; An Army is
no where arreſted with fo many Rivers and un-
paffable Marſhes as here: Secondly, where the
War is to be made to beft Effect we find no
Means of Victuals or any other neceffary Provifion
but what we bring with us. To redeem the Loſs
of this Opportunity for Plantation to fo good
Effect as it should have been I undertook with an
Army, no greater than a reaſonable Garrifon, to
make the War of Leinster in the Depth of Win-
ter. And firft I fell into the Glins, the faſteſt
Country of Ireland, and till now of all the Parts
of Leinster only untouched, where I firſt ſpoiled
all the Country and made Donnel Spaniagh, whom
before I had received to her Majeſty's Mercy, to
join with me therein, and after forced Phelim Mac
Feagh and all the Tools (the moſt peftilent Infeft-
ors of the Pale) to Submiffion, who have fince
fhewed more Appearance of good Subjects than
ever I knew or heard of any of thefe Rebels. After
going up and down as far as Athlone I fell into Fer-
cale, forced Tyrell out of an exceeding great
Strength, and banished him, and in Effect all the
6 Connors out of Ophaly into the North. Re-
turning towards the North I fpoiled all the Fer-
ney
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
Í 4Ĺ
ney, with a Journey where I was prefent, and
wherein (befides many other) were killed two of
Ever Mac Cooley's Sons. I wafted the Fufe by
Sir Richard Moryfon, planted a Garrifon above zo
Miles from the Pale in the Brenny by Sir Oliver
Lambert, and returning to Drogheda, by the ge-
neral Advice of the Council, I took in Turlogh
Mac Henry, Lord of the Fufe, and Ever Mac
Cooly, Farmer of the Ferny, Sir Oby ô Hanlon, a
Northern Lord, and many of the Mac Mahowns
and ô Reilly's, who all, befides their greateſt Oaths,
gave us fuch as were thought their beſt Pledges for
their Loyalty. And to loſe no Part of this Be-
ginning Year 1601, having fettled the new Sub-
mitties of Leinster and the Borders of the North,
with as great Affurance as I could, I drew again
into the North, before the general Hofting for
that Year could be in readineſs, and cleared and
affured the Paſſage of the Moyry by cutting down
moft Part of the Woods and building a Fort
there; then I went into Lecaile, wholly poffeffed
by Mac Gennis, and took in all the Caftles in thoſe
Parts; from thence I went to Armagh, and there
placed a Garrifon. And albeit at this time the conti-
nual Rumours we heard of Preparations in Spain
made us proceed fomewhat more irrefolutely in our
main Courſe of Plantation and making the War in
Tyrone itſelf, yet we went forward with an Intent
to draw Sir Arthur Chichester by Loughfidney into
Tyrone; to plant a Garriſon at the Blackwater;
to force a Paffage fomewhat beneath it to meet
him; and by building a Fort and Bridge upon
the Paffage to have made Dungannon itfelf the
Center, whither without any great Difficulty the
Garrifons of Loughfoyle, Armagh, Knockfergus,
Mount Norris, and all other of the North, might
at all Times meet together to beat and abfolutely
to banish the Arch-traitor out of his own Country;
and in the performing thereof, to have fpoiled all
the
142
Book III.
MORYSON'S History
the Rebels Corn, faving ſuch as fhould be within
the Command of thofe Garriſons, whom (with
the Countenance of the Army in the Harveſt
Time) we refolved to enable to make large Pro-
vifions thereof for themfelves and their Horſes:
And fo far had we proceeded in this Courfe that
we had forced Tyrone from the Blackwater where
he lay with his Army, and had fortified and en-
trenched there with great Art; we had cleared
the Paffage intended to Dungannon (the making
of the Bridge only excepted, which we meant to
fupply with a Float) and fpoiled moft Part of
their ſtanding Corn: About which Time the af-
fured News was come unto us of the arriving of
the Spaniards, which firſt ſtaying, and after clean
diverting our Courfe, we were driven by their
coming to bend our Counfels to defend her Ma-
jefty's Kingdom from foreign Invafion that before
were buſy to recover it from inward Rebellion,
and to that End to break off our Work, and to
leave the further Proſecution of that Buſineſs (the
Places already poffeffed only preferved). By this
continued Time wherein the Army from the firſt
was led on in Action, enduring all Seaſons, and
more Fights than (I think) ever Army did in fo
fhort Time, your Lordships must not wonder, if
to make Head against the Spaniards we drew up
weak Companies; for befides Deficients by Sick-
nefs and Death there were many Companies that
had 30 and 40 hurt Men in them. Yet upon any
Uncertainty (how probable foever) I was loth to
lofe to her Majefty the chief Benefit of one
whole Year's Service till I was fully affured of
their Landing, and therefore firſt drew my ſelf
only with a few Horfe into Munſter, and never
fent for the Forces till the very laft Pinch of Ne-
ceffity. And thus have your Lordships alſo the
Reaſons how this fecond Year was loft, without
laying the new Foundation for rooting out of the
Rebels,
*
1
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
143
Rebels, though God be thanked it was won in de-
fending her Kingdom from a powerful and am-
bitious Invader, to his Difhonour, and I hope
alfo to the more found and fudden Subverfion of
the Rebels. I will fpeak rothing of the Ser-
vice at Kinfale, fince to my great Comfort I do
find her Majesty and your Lordships fo well fa-
tisfied therein, but fo behooful for the publick
Good I conceived it to make a clean Riddance
of them out of this Country, and as much as I
might to affure in them the Performance of their
Departure, that it was neceffary to keep the Ar-
my in thoſe Parts until we were quit of them:
And to give them the lefs Advantage, if they had
purpoſed falfly, I prefently conveyed the Cannon
into an Ifland that doth abfolutely command the
Haven of Kinfale, with a fufficient Guard, and
beginning a Fortification there at that Inftant to
maintain it, I took Order they fhould have no
more Victuals fold unto them than I prefumed
would but ſerve them from Day toDay, and for their
Proviſion of Bread in Effect they spent on their
own Store; fo that I could have been able at any
Time to inveft them again on as ill or worfe Con-
ditions than I left them: But before the Wind
and other Provifions ferved for their Departure the
Winter was ſo far spent that we could not in the
fittest Time return the Companies to their Gar-
rifons, nor otherwife could we have done it, be-
cauſe the Places were not ſtored with Victuals
nor any Provifion for Horſe; and yet thofe little
Remnants that were left to defend thofe Places
did many excellent Services, and now I hope
your Lordships fhall daily hear of more, the
whole Forces being returned. What Courſe we
have thought on for this next Summer I will not
trouble your Lordships with the Repetition there-
of, being fet down and delivered to Sir Oliver St.
John: Only this I beseech your Lordships to give
me
144
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
me leave to remember you of, out of a publick
Duty, how much foever it may feem to tafte of
my private Ends, that you continually enjoin me,
and I as much endeavour to decreaſe the Lift, yet
you ſtill ſend over new Captains, and command
me to beſtow Companies on fuch as give them up
in England to others recommended by them, unto
whom (to deal plainly) moft of them do fell
them. And even of late I have received your
Lordships Letters for the Increaſe of fome parti-
cular Mens Companies. When I caft the Cap-
tains which your Lordships fend over I procure
their Hate and many of your Lordships Difplea-
fures, befides their own Friends that favour them.
If I do not increaſe fuch as you commend I do
incur the like. If I caft thofe Companies and
Captains, that in fo many Trials I do know to be
beft able to do her Majefty Service here, I fhall
defpair, or at leaft be diffident hereafter of doing
any Good, and yet have they moſt Reaſon to con-
demn me of Injuftice and to importune your
Lordships to be otherwife relieved, that have
ſpent most of them their Bloods, and all of them
their continual Labours, even in mine Eye for the
recovery and defending of this Kingdom. I humbly
defire your Lordships, fince heretofore it was my
Fortune to be hated of few, that you will preferve
me from becoming odious by doing that which is
fitteft for the Service: For I have already taſted
of their Spleen, whom (God knoweth) againſt
my Will I have been forced to cashier, though I
have dealt more favourably with fome of them,
whom being loth to harm I have rather com-
mended, when my only Fault was, that I did not
puniſh them. And fince I hope, God will fo
blefs our Work, that ere it be long we ſhall much
diminish the Number of our Labourers, if in that
great cafhiering there be not Means to preſerve
the beſt Captains I would be loth to be the Man
that
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
145
that ſhould undertake the Conclufion of the War.
And now I do humbly defire your Lordships to
pardon me, if out of my great Care to fatisfy you
in all Things I have troubled you with fo long and
(I fear me) fo unworthy a Letter of your Lordships
reading, &c.
Inftructions being given to Sir Robert Gardner and
Sir Oliver St. John whereby they might fatisfy
her Majesty in all Points touching the prefent State
of her Affairs in this Kingdom. The Lord Deputy
with fome Commanders, divers voluntary Gentle-
men, and his Servants attending him, rode to Dun-
dalk; and whilſt he there attended the coming up
of the Forces, and the arriving of Victuals, with
other Neceffaries that might enable him to take the
Field, his Lordship on the 30th of May, received
from her Majesty this Letter following.
W
Elizabeth Regina.
Right truſty and well-beloved we greet you well;
HEREAS the Payment of our Army in
that Kingdom hath been of late Years made
partly in Money by certain weekly Lendings, and
partly in Apparel, which Courſe of Payment was
inftituted upon good Confiderations, to prevent
the Fraud which divers Captains of evil Difpofi-
tion did exerciſe upon their Companies. Not-
withſtanding we have perceived by your Letters,
and by the Reports of fome Perfons (who have
had Credence from you to deliver the fame to our
Council here,) that fuch Manner of Payment hath
not wrought that Effect which was expected, in
caufing our Companies to be kept fuller, and yet
is, by Reaſon of the late Alteration of the Stan-
dard of our Monies there, more chargeable to Us
than the Payment in ready Monies would be ;
We have therefore thought good to ceaſe that
VOL. II.
K
Manner
146
Book III.
MORYSON'S History
*
Manner of Payment from henceforth, and to revive
the old Manner of Payment in Money, after the
Rate of 8 d. by the Day of the new Standard to
each Soldier, which Courſe, Our Pleaſure is, fhall
begin to take Place from the firft Day of this
Month of April, and fo to be continued by your
Warrants to Our Treaſurer directed, and fhall be
made from Time to Time by Way of Imprefts to
each Captain for himſelf and his Company, at
your Difcretion, according to the State of their
Companies, or to the Neceffity of Our Service,
until the Days of full Pays, which We are plea-
fed fhall be made twice in every Year, viz. at the
Feaſts of St. Michael the Arch-Angel, and the
Annunciation of the Virgin Mary; at which
Times Our Pleaſure is, that all our Army fhall be
fully and clearly paid off their whole Wages, all
Defalcations due upon them being formerly de-
ducted: And for that Purpoſe We will provide
that againſt that Time there fhall be in Our Trea-
furers Hands Money fufficient to make full Pays.
And whereas by your latter Letters, written fince
our Council fignified unto you that We were
plealed to restore this Kind of Pay, you do re-
quire that for the eſtabliſhing thereof, with Con-
tentment of our Army, two Things may be chief-
ly obſerved; the one, that Our Treaſurer may
have Money in his Hands fufficient from Time to
Time for Performance of this Payment; the other
that the Exchange be duly maintained on this
Side, without which, you alledge, that there will
arife Inconveniencies intolerable to the Army;
We are pleaſed, for your Satisfaction herein, to
affure you that in both thefe Points we will take
fuch Order that neither our Treaſurer there fhall
want Monies of the new Standard for Payments
neceffary in that Realm, nor the Banks here Ster-
ling Monies, to make good the Exchange accord-
ing as it is eſtabliſhed by our Proclamations: Al-
though
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
147
though in this Point we cannot omit to let you
know that we fee no Caufe of fuch vehement
Complaints, as your Letters do import, of De-
fault in the Exchange, for that upon Examinati-
on we do find that of 3 or 4000l. returned in
this laft Year there is not unpay'd at this preſent
above 6000l. which confidering our exceffive
Charges in that Year, ought not to give to any
much Caufe of Offence. Theſe two Points like
as we are pleaſed to obferve, in fuch Manner as we
have written, to the End that thereby our Army
and Subjects may perceive how great our Care is,
that they ſhould receive Contentment in Things
due unto them: So on the other fide, for that a
ftreight Obſervation of the fame on our Part,
without a good Correfpondency of yours and
theirs to remedy fome Inconveniencies which
thereby may be caft upon us, may prove very bur-
thenfome to us, we are to admonish you of the
Obfervation of two other Points neceffary on your
Part and theirs to be obferved; The firft is, that
whereas heretofore, when this Manner of Pay-
ment in Money only, which now is received, was
in Ufe, through the corrupt Difpofition of fome
Captains, and for Want of good Difcipline in
our Forces great Frauds were committed, as well
to us, in not keeping the full Numbers by us al-
lowed, as alſo to the Soldiers, in detaining their
Wages or Part thereof from them, which De-
ceits without good Caution now to be ufed may
be again renewed. We do therefore expect that
you fhall eſtabliſh fo good a Courſe of Difcipline
for the ordering of our Bands in this Point as that
we fhall not be hereafter abuſed in Decays of our
Numbers as heretofore we have been, which you
fhall never fo well prevent nor alien Men's Minds
from like Frauds as by inflicting notorious and
exemplary Puniſhments upon Captains and Offi-
K 2
cers
148 MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
cers when their Faults in this Kind fhall appear
to be notorious, not only by cafting them out of
our Pay, but by degrading and other Notes of
Ignominy, which in military Difcipline are uſed
to be justly done to Men, who by their ſhameleſs
Actions do not only bring Shame to their Pro-
feffion, but to the publick Services notable Impe-
diments, and in a Manner an evident Treachery.
And as this firft Change of Payment in Apparel
to be paid in Money had his first Motion from
you, our Deputy, and the principal Captains and
Officers of the Army, in which you now note
Peril if the Exchange be not maintained. As it
is true that that must be fupported by us, and
fhall be, fo we know none must prevent the Cap-
tains taking of Pay for their Soldiers Apparel,
and not beſtowing it, but yourfelf, of whofe Care
and Judgment we have great Reafon to affure our
felves, both for your Love to our Service, and
your own Honour: The fecond Point which we
recommend unto you is, the due Execution of
our former Proclamations touching this Matter of
the Exchange, and the Affiftance of the Maſter
of our Exchange and his Minifters therein, to the
End that all Frauds difcovered of late to have been
ufed by Merchants, who abuſe our Princely In-
tention therein for their private Gain, may be re-
medied, and therein chiefly that the Ufe of all
Monies defcried may be taken away from the Peo-
ple of that Country, and withal Sterling Money
may be brought into our Exchange upon fuch
Conditions as our Proclamations contain; for that
we do find that our Intent in the Erection of
this new Coin can no Way ſo foon take Place as
by withdrawing all other Monies from them,
whereby the Rebels may exercife Traffick with
foreign Nations, and by them be relieved, wherefore
you
Chap. I.
149
of IRELAND.
you may add to the Remedies in our faid Procla-
mations mentioned any other good Means that in
your Judgments fhall be thought meet to be used,
and publish the fame by Proclamation in our
Name, or advertiſe us of your Conceit, to the
End you may have Warrant from us to do that
which we ſhall think meet to be done therein.
Further, we have thought good to admonish you,
that forafmuch as the Winter-Apparel, already
delivered to the Soldier, will not be run out until
the 14th Day of May (inclufive:) And that it is
likely, ſeeing you know already that we purpoſed
to take away the Delivery of Apparel, you have
furnished the Companies in Lieu thereof with
fome Money by Way of Imprefts, whereby it may
fall out that we ſhall be double charged. There-
fore you our Deputy fhall take Order with our
Treaſurer, that upon the half Year's full Pay, to
be ended at Michaelmas next, Defalcation be made
of fo much as any Companies fhall have received
between the 1st of April and the 15th of May a-
bove their Weekly Lendings, if fo much fhall be
then over-pay'd to any Company.
Given under our Signet at
our Manor of Greenwich,
the 28th of April, in
the 44th Year of our
Reign.
In the Beginning of June, the The Lord Deputy
Lord Deputy, having gathered the enters into Tyrone.
Forces together, took the Field, and marched up
to Blackwater to the Paffage which he had the
laft Year diſcovered to be most convenient to car-
ry her Majefty's Forces that Way into the Heart
of Tyrone. At this Paffage, lying fome five Miles
Eastward from the Fort of Blackwater, his Lord-
fhip encamped on the South-fide of the River,
K 3
having
150
MORYSON'S History Book III.
having a ſmall Pace or Skirt of Wood between
him and the River, of which Pace he had the
Year before cut down many Trees, fo as at this
Time the Paffage was foon cleared. Hence his
Lordship fent Sir Richard Moryfon, with his Re-
giment, to poffefs the North-fide of the River,
for fecuring of the Army's Paffage against any
Attempt of the Rebels. Thus the Queen's For-
ces being enter'd into Tyrone, there incamped, and
his Lordſhip ſpent fome Time in caufing a Bridge
to be built over the River, and a Fort adjoining
to guard the Paffage, which of his own Chriftian
Name was called Charlemount, and left Capt. Toby
Caufield (with his Company, being 150) to com-
mand the fame. From the Camp the Country was
plain and open to Dungannon, being diftant fome
fix Miles, and while theſe Works were in Hand
we might fee the Town of Dungannon, and Ty-
rone's chief Houſe there feated, to be fet on Fire,
whereby it was apparent that Tyrone with his
Forces meant to fly and quit thoſe Parts; fo as
the Lord Deputy fent Sir Richard Moryfon with
his Regiment to poffefs Dungannon, whither his
Lordship foon after marched with the reft of the
Forces.
By this Time Sir Henry Dockwra, Governor of
the Forces about Loughfoyle, having planted many
Garriſons in thofe Parts, had lately planted a Gar-
rifon at Omy, (being fome twelve Miles diftant
from Dungannon,) whence he came with his For-
ces, and met the Lord Deputy at Dungannon.
Thus the Lord Leputy having driven the Arch-
traitor out of his own Country, as high as the
Castle Row upon the Ban, fent out fome Parties
to ſpoil and prey the Country as far as Enniskillen
upon Lough Erne. Then he took fome of Tyrone's
ftrongeft Iflands, namely, one wherein he had a
ftrong Fort, where we recovered three Pieces of
her Majefty's Artillery, and another Ifland called
Magherlowni,
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
151
Magherlowni, which next Dungannon was the
chief Place of his Abode and Magazines for his
War.
From Dungannon the Lord Deputy fent Sir Ri-
chard Moryfon, with 500 Foot, to meet Sir Ar-
thur Chichester, who came with his Forces from.
Carrickfergus, and was to pafs Loughfidney, and
land within few Miles of Dungannon, where they
being met did, according to the Lord Deputy's
Direction, begin to raiſe a Fort. In the mean
Time the Lord Deputy, having utterly banished
all Tyrone's Partakers out of thoſe Parts, marched
five Miles from Dungannon, to Loughfidney, where
Sir Arthur Chichefter lay with his Forces, and his
Lordship encamped there, till he had made the
Fort defenfible to contain above 1000 Foot and
100 Horſe, which were to be victualled from
Carrickfergus by the Way of the faid Lough :
This Fort of his Lordship's Barony he called
Mountjoy, and made Sir Benjamin Barry (his Lieu-
tenant, and now one of the Colonels of the Ar-
my) Governor of the fame for the preſent Service,
which being done, the Command of the Fort was
left to Capt. Francis Roe. Likewife for the pre-
fent Service Sir Arthur Chichester commanded in
chief the Forces to be left there, which he might
draw out upon all Occaſions of Service, as out of
all other Garrifons in thoſe Parts towards Carrick-
fergus.
While his Lordship encamped here upon Lough-
fidney, he received the 8th of July Letters from
her Majefty, fignifying by her own Hand, that
fhe was glad of his Recovery of that Sickneſs
which did furprize him, after his many Cares and
Labours both of Body and Mind in the Siege of
Kinfale, commending much his Providence, that
notwithstanding his own State of Body he did fet on
Foot fuch Preparations for the Summer's Profe-
cution as nothing fhould be wanting when the
Time
K 4
152 MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
Time fhould ferve. That howfoever her fenfible
Feeling of her Subjects Burthens cauſed her daily
to call upon him and all other Minifters for the
ſpeedy and careful Eafing thereof, yet he fhould
wrong both her and himſelf in believing that
thereby any Errors were imputed to himſelf,
whofe Endeavours in that Kingdom had much
improved her Opinion of him, and ſhould rather
conceive that thereby fhe would give him more
Occafion to call all others to a fevere Account,
who in Places under him neglected her Service,
and for private Gain fought to prolong the War,
all other Judgment of her Valuation of his Ser-
vices making him guilty of his own Grief, and
being far from her Difpofition towards him. That
fince this Summer he meant to lay the Ax to the
Root of the Tree, by profecuting the Arch-trai-
tor, who had nothing to bear him up but falſe
Rumours of Spanish Aids. This Summer (if ever
any) was the Time to end the War, fince by Sup-
plies fent to the States fhe had stopped the Cur-
rent of the Spaniards Progrefs in the Siege of
Oftend, and had alfo fet a chargeable Fleet to Sea
to attend upon the Coaft of Spain, and prevent
the Arrival of any of his Forces in Ireland. That
the reducing the Arch-traitor by her Sword, be-
ing the only agreeable Satisfaction fhe could re-
ceive for the Miſchiefs fallen upon her loving Sub-
jects by his Iniquities, the conceived the moft
ready Means for effecting the fame was, to draw
from him the chief Captains of Countries; to
which Purpoſe her Pleafure was, that the Lord
Deputy fhould receive to her Mercy fuch of them as
truly and humbly fought it, wherein, without
prefcribing him any particular Courfe, who beft
knew all Circumftances, only fhe gave this Cau-
tion to provide against former Miſchiefs, that
whereas commonly the Rebels, fearing to be fpoil-
ed, were wont to contract under-hand with the
Arch-
Chap. I.
of IRELAND. 153
!
Arch-traitor to fubmit themſelves, thereby for the
prefent to fave their Country and to give Succours
to the Rebels Creaghts under Hand, and after the
Return of the Army to revolt again; now he
fhould confider the inward Motives of their cra-
ving Mercy, and where he could not ruin them
without spending more Time and Charge than the
main Action would permit, there to deal with
them in a more eafy Manner, otherwife to give
more ſharp Impofitions in the Conditions of their
Submiffions, and by wafting their Goods to make
their Obedience more durable. That the judged
one Condition neceffary, not to pardon any but
upon Service done, not only upon thofe whom
particularly they hated but upon any other as they
Thould be directed. That as an Argument of her
Confidence in him fhe gave him Power of War
and Peace, only one Thing the profeffed to fee
no Cauſe to leave unexempted, namely, the par-
doning of the Arch-traitor, a Monſter of Ingra-
titude to her, and the Root of Mifery to her
People, thinking all other Mercy than the Pro-
fcription of him to all Manner of Profecution
meerly incompatible with her Juftice, and there-
fore commanding not to receive him upon any
Conditions, but upon fimple Submiffion to Mercy
for all Things (life only excepted,) and to make
this her Pleaſure known to all his Complices, per-
fuaded by him that he may be pardoned at his
Pleaſure, and fo fearing to leave him, left after
they ſhould be left to his Superiority and Re-
venge.
Concerning Fortifications againſt foreign Inva-
fion, her Majefty gave Allowance to repair the
Fort at Waterford, and to build Forts in the Har-
bours of Cork and Kinfale, and to build a Fort at
Galway, and at Carlingford, (but this laft was not
effected, his Lordfhip lefs fearing the Defcent of
foreign Forces within Saint George's Channel,) and
further
154
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
further to build fuch fmall Fortifications, as he
the Lord Deputy fhould think meet, as well for
the preſent planting of Garrifons in Tyrone as o-
therwhere, imploying therein Capt. Bodley, or
Capt. Hanfard, being with the Army, or Paul
Yuye, being in Munster, or any whom his Lord-
fhip knew fit to overfee and contrive thefe Works.
Concerning Neal Garvey, who held Part of 6 Don-
nel's Country as yet by a Cuftodium, her Majefty
gave Warrant to pafs the fame to him by Letters
Patents; yet in regard of his tickle Difpofition,
to make fuch Reſtrictions therein, as he the
Lord Deputy and the Council here ſhould think
meet, and to pretend the fame to be done by her
Majeſty's ſpecial Direction.
The Lord of Delvin, upon Succours given to
the Rebels, and Conferences had with Tyrone, at
his coming out of the North into Munster, in the
doubtful time of the Siege of Kinfale, had fince
been impriſoned in the Caſtle of Dublin, and now
her Majefty's Pleaſure was, that he should be
called to his Trial before fome of the Council
(tho' it came to no Effect, he dying in Priſon
before the Time prefixed for his calling to an-
fwer,) there being Matter enough to charge him
with underhand favouring the Rebels, howsoever
peradventure there would be found no plain Mat-
ter to question him for his Life (wherein her Ma-
jefty profeffed no Prince on Earth lefs allowed any
Proceeding, where the Proofs were not more clear
than Day-light) and ſo her Majefty, howfoever
being difpofed to forbear Severity, yet refolving
to ufe Correction of fo ill an Inftrument.
The fame 8th Day of July the Lord Deputy
received Letters from the Lords in England,
wherein after congratulating his Lordship's Re-
covery, as one to whom (both in refpect of her
Majefty's Service, wherein almighty God had ex-
traordinarily bleffed him, and for their own par
ticular
Chap. I.
155
of IRELAND,
ticular Affection) they wished both Health and
Honour. Their Lordships at large fignified, that
the Grounds of the Summer Service were fo well
laid, as no Man could difallow them. That Sup-
plies of Men were fent, and thoſe without Cap-
tains. That for the Victuals required, her Maje-
fty thought it an unfupportable Charge to pro-
vide one Year's Victual for 14000 Men, yet they
had fo reconciled the Demand and the Provifion,
as the Demand being for one Year, and the whole
Numbers by Pole, the Provifion was anfwerable
to the Numbers, but not for the whole time, ex-
perience teaching, that the Defects in the Num-
bers would fupply the Abridgment in the time,
befides the Help of many Garriſons taking half
Victuals and half Money, and that Beeves might
be bought in every Country with mixed Money
(whereas the Victuals in England were provided
with Sterling Money.) That concerning Forti-
fications he knew her Majefty's Pleafure, praying
him to commit that Work to fuch difcreet and
honeſt Perſons, as her Majeſty might neither be
put to unneceffary Charges, nor deceived in the
Disburſements. That more than 40000l. had
been paid to Merchants in London for Bills of Ex-
change, granted by the Treaſurer to Irish Mer-
chants, for fatisfying their Debts due in London
before the Alteration of the Standard, which ab-
furd Courſe he could never have held, if he had
given no Merchant any Bill of Exchange for any
more Money than he could bring good Proof to
have disburſed, or to owe for Merchandize brought
into the Kingdom. That whereas upon his Lord-
fhip's Motion, and the Captain's good liking,
her Majesty had been pleafed to commit the ap-
parelling of the Soldier to them, againft which
Refolution now many Reafons were produced,
their Lordships found further Impediment, in that
300l. impreft to each Captain beforehand was re-
quired,
156
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
quired, and their Sufficiency for the greater Part
to anſwer fuch a Sum, was fo doubted, as it was
thought her Majefty's Money fhould run a Ha-
zard, whereas formerly the Contractors gave her
Majeſty time, and befides put in good Sureties to
anfwer all Defects, Befides that, it was feared
the Captains would either let the Soldier go naked,
or fill their Companies with Irish, who would
require no Apparel; requiring to know his Lord-
fhip's Judgment, whether the old Courſe were
fitter to be continued than this. Laftly, that
they conceived the King of Spain, had not fully
abandoned his Purpoſes for Ireland, yet were ad-
vertiſed that her Majefty's Fleet lying upon that
Coaſt, made him for the prefent rather apply his
Council to ftand upon Defence, efteeming it dan-
gerous to put to Sea while her Majefty's Ships
were fo ready to attend him: So as they hoped
his Lordship fhould not be interrupted by any
foreign Power, although no Certainty could be
given of fuch Actions of Princes, who having
many Defigns, and for them many Preparations,
may change Minds at their Pleaſures.
In the fame Camp, and the fame 8th of July, the
Lord Deputy received the following Letter from
Master Secretary Cecil, between whom a firm
Combination of Love (or at least) fo firm as to fuch
great Perfons is incident, had long been practifed,
and now within few Months had been finally con-
firmed.
My Lord,
I
FI were now to begin the Frame of our Friend-
ſhip, I ſhould be curious to faften it with all
the ten Nails that belong to Architecture, becauſe
in the Beginning Men are curious to obferve Mi-
nutiffima: But I that know how ſtraight the Knots
are tied of our Affections, by the mutual Offices
of
Chap. I.
157
of IRELAND.
of Love and Confidence, do not tye my felf to
theſe Complements, which are held of great Con-
fequence, but in vulgar and light Friendships.
Let that Argument ferve therefore for Excufe of
my long filence, becauſe I judge you by my own
Affections. To fpeak of the Subject of the ge-
neral Diſpatch in this my private Letter, were
but impertinent, feeing I have joined in the fame,
and yet feeing I write there as a Counſellor, and
here as a Friend, that hath bound himſelf by E-
lection, and not by Compulfion, I will tell you my
Opinion fincerely of thoſe things which are moít
material in the fame: Firft, my Lord, I do affure
you, that it is not in the Compafs of my Judg-
ment how to maintain that Army, at that Height
it is at, longer than the time of Profecution,
without extreme Prejudice of this Eftate, where-
of though you are not the Efficient Cauſe, or
Sine qua non, yet I must confefs, I had rather that
Lot might light upon any other than upon you,
becauſe I would be loth your Return fhould not
fucceed a Diminution thereof, whereby you might
receive the Thanks for that Effect, by which
this State feeleth Victory more than by any other
Confequence whatſoever. For this Purpoſe, I
must confefs, I have endeavoured to prepare her
Majeſty's Mind to give you the Power of com-
pounding with Rebels, both becauſe you draw
the Sword which would beft cut out the Condi-
tions of Submiffion, and becauſe for a while they
fhall rather hope for, than feel any foreign Suc-
cours: For the Traitor himſelf, what you have
you ſee, and therefore I know that muſt be your
Warrant, yet will I privately fay this unto you,
that if her Majefty had not the Prejudice in her
own Thoughts, that he will infult when it comes
to the Upfhot, and fo her opening her felf in Of-
fer of a Pardon, would return unto her a double
Scorn, I am confidently perfuaded, that when
you
158
MORYSON'S History Book III.
you have made Trial, and ſhall make it appear,
that there is no other Impediment, than her Ma-
jeſty's Acceptation, you fhall receive fufficient
Warrant for Conclufion. In the mean time, left
you ſhould ſay, you are put to do that which is
tender to handle, becaufe my Word can be no
Warrant, or for that which is impoffible to ef-
fect, (which is, that he will truft his Life in your
Hands by a Perſonal Submiffion,) firſt you have
Warrant to try it for receiving him upon Condi-
tion of his Life, fo as therein you may faſhion
your own Courſe as you lift. Secondly, for the
Point of his not daring to truft the State for his
perfonal coming in, all other things but that may
be digefted, and that Doubt fent over hither,
whereby her Majeſty ſhall yet have the Honour
of Refufal, (if God do fo difpofe her Heart,) and
not he, which her Majeſty ſeeketh to avoid. For
the Preparation in Spain, I can fay no more than
I have done, in the joint Difpatch, only the Con-
tinuance of her Majefty's Fleet upon the Coaft;
and this breaking out of Tyrone's Confpiracy, in
which Spain hath given the French King Occa-
fion of Offence, may hinder any prefent Invafions,
and fo give you more time, than when Don Jean
arrived it was refolved. And thus have I now of
the publick Affairs delivered you as much, as I
know to be worthy of Advertiſement. My Lord,
being fomewhat troubled with a Pain in my Eyes,
I prefumed to write the ordinary Matters of my
Letter in a borrowed Hand, referving that which
was of more Privateness to my own felf. To af-
fure you of the Queen's Acceptation of your Ser-
vices, and of the Abolition of her former Excep-
tions, I vow before God, that my Heart doth
give me that Warrant, out of my poor Judgment
of her Difpofition, (more than upon fudden
Speeches fometime when the first Apparition of
new Charge and likelihood to continue doth pre-
fent
!
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
159
fent it felf,) that I might fay, Dormito fecurus:
When I can by any Occafion, I bring Sir Oliver
St. John to her Majefty, becauſe he may ſee how
her Majeſty's Affections move, to whofe Report
of her Language now, to him I do refer me. But
to come to the Point, my Lord, this I fay, the
Way to do your Lordship good, is to increaſe
your Merit, and that cannot be done without in-
creafing your Means. For the Supplies of Means
therefore to profecute, I labour (as far as I have
Credit) to procure you them. For the Way to
make an End by Peace, I think no Man feeks
more than my felf to enable you, by perfuading
her Majefty to give you that Power; wherein
when Lack of Arguments happens to work her
Majefty's Mind (which in her Princely Indigna-
tion againſt that Arch-traitor is full of Obftruc-
tion,) I do fall to the binding Argument (which
of all things moft concludeth,) and that is this:
That in fhort time the Sword cannot end the
War, and long time the State of England cannot
well endure it. What in the firft is granted, I
leave to the things themſelves. But for the fe-
cond Kind, I confess that in Tyrone's Cafe you
have nothing that can produce good Effect, ex-
cept there be more Mortar fent you to faften the
Foundation, which is yet to be laid upon dry
Stone. For although I know that by this War-
rant you may fafely give ear, and can cauſe him
to be dealt with, yet that which you can do for
him by this Way, will be by him contemned. In
which refpect, as I know your Lordship hath
Wiſdom enough to conceal the Latitude of your
Commiffion, fo believe me (out of my Judgment)
that if the Queen may once perceive, that it is
only in her, that he comes not to reaſonable Con-
ditions, and if the were fure that ſhe ſhould not
be fcorned, by offering that which he would not
accept, then fuch is her Princely Judgment, and
fuch
160
MORYSON'S History Book III.
fuch are the Minds of us all, that are fworn to
give her Majesty true Council, as I doubt not,
but by our humble Importunity upon your Adver-
tifements what you find would be accepted, her
Majefty would be readily induced to do that,
which is fo much for her Majefty's Service, be-
ing a Matter, which if my Prayers to God could
have otherwiſe brought to pafs in her Mind at
this time, I know full well how much it had been
more advantagious, than to have it fent after Oc-
cafion, and fitteft Opportunity. And fo much
(my Lord) for my Comment upon the Text of
her Majefty's own Letter. For your Return
therefore I remain as I was, that it could be of
no other Conſequence to her Majefty, than for
the greateſt Good of her Service, and to your
felf infinite Comfort and Honour. Of which it
is fuperfluous to fpeak, till time give me more
Light, and give you more Opportunity in this
prefent Action, to fend me more Grounds. Then
will I not fail to fpeak like an honeft Man, that
will neither halt nor practiſe with you. In Con-
fidence whereof, worthy Lord, believe me, that
I can be to any Subject living, I will be to you, in
which I must confefs I am more fixed, becauſe I fee
your Moderation, which all that follow you there
have not; and therefore in all great things believe
me by my felf, as I will do you. For if you had not
the Faculty of Distinction of every one's Hu-
mour, that together with their general and honeft
Affections to you, have alfo (as moft Fleſh and
Blood hath) their own private Ends (in which
they are not ever fo judicious as to confider, whe-
ther all that is good for them, be good fimul &
Semper for you,) I fhould be often jealous, that
they would thew me to you in many Colours of
Openness or Privacy, as their Appetite ferves
more or less. Of our French News, I have in-
treated Sir Oliver St. John to be my Referendary,
being
Chap. I.
163
of IRELAND.
not.
being of Opinion, that Byrone and Auvergne are
both executed by this time, though I know it
Their Practice doubtlefs was to have join-
ed with Spain by Savoy, for fome Greatnefs not
fit for Subjects, but whether fo far as to execute
any thing against the King's Perfon (as ad facien
dum populum it is divulged,) I cannot confident-
ly ſpeak as yet, becauſe methinks his own Crea
ture could not be fuch a Monſter in that
Kind.
For Spain I muft ftill fay, that I conclude they
will affail Ireland again, and that they would
have been there ere this time, but for her Maje-
fty's Fleet, which the hath now returned to tar-
ry out till October. To fay where they will land,
were a ftrange Speculation: But I do affure you
for my own part, that I cannot be diverted from
my Opinion, that they will again come into Mun-
fter. I ſend you not the News of Sir Richard
Levifon's taking of the Carrick at Lisbon, becauſe
it came but to-day by France, but ſurely I hope
it is true, and the Flemmings have furely taken
one. God fend you all Happineſs and long Life
to do her Majefty Service; of whom I ask no
more Requital than that if you out-live me, you
remember, that Will. Cecil was Son to a Father
and Mother that loved you. The chief Caufe
why the Queen is fo peremptory towards the
Traitor, is that the hath heard, that after Blount
went to him, he bragged that he was wooed.
Now I know not how true that was, but Sir
Robert Gardner feemed to think, that the Traitor
in that Point was belied. Sir Oliver St. John is
very difcreet, and worthy your extraordinary Fa-
vours; he knows well what is fit for every Man.
Your affectionate Friend to do you fervice,
Ro.. Cecil.
VOL. II.
L
After
166 MORYSON's Hiftory Book III.
if in the mean time it were not his Lordship's
Hap, according to his earneft Endeavour, to get
Tyrone's Head, which was a Work of Difficulty,
not to be hoped in fo fhort a time, yet he was
confident to cut off fo many of his Members, as
he fhould not be able to continue in any one
Place, but fhould be forced to fly from Buſh to
Bush like a Wood-kerne, as now he did, fo long
as the Army kept the Field, which being diffolved,
he would foon grow to Strength again, except
the Garriſons were kept ftrong, fo as he might
not dare to appear himſelf or to feed his Creaghts
upon the Plain, which could not be performed
without having great Store of Victuals to main-
tain the Garrifons. That for the Matter of For-
tifications, whereas their Lordships noted the
Sums demanded to be exceffive, this Demand pro-
ceeded from a Zeal to fecure the Kingdom fpee-
dily, and by entring into a royal Charge at once,
to cut off her Majefty's continuing Charge, which
being now above 300000 7. yearly, it ſeemed good
Husbandry, if by beftowing 100000l. at once,
eſpecially in the new mixed Coin, her Majeſty
might both fecure the Kingdom againſt foreign
Invafion, and fo bridle the Towns and Country,
as half the faid yearly Charge might be preſently
faved, and yet the Army might be drawn ftronger
into the Field than now it could be: For it would
be leſs Charge to her Majefty, to keep twenty
Men in a Caſtle cofting fool. the Building, than
to keep 100 Men in a Fort built for 100l. yet
that he would conform himſelf to her Majeſty's
Pleaſure in that Point, imploying the Money al-
lowed to the beſt he poffibly could. That where-
as he the Deputy had moved, that the Captains
might provide Cloaths for their Companies, now
upon better Confideration he thought the old
Courſe of clothing them by the Merchants was
of Neceflity to be continued. That touching
Neal
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
167
Neal Garvey, his Lordship found him to be of Na-
ture fiery and violent, and withal extremely both
proud and covetous, and as Sir Henry Dockwra
had very well deſcribed him to their Lordships, to
be in his Defires and Demands moft unreaſonable,
and almoſt intolerable, fo as he that muft con-
tain him within any fitting Bounds, eſpecially
when he ſhould be denied any thing that he af-
fects, was enjoined to do any thing that he did not
like, must be of an infinite Patience; for at fuch
times he uſed to break out in a Faſhion moft hard-
ly to be endured, although his Lordſhip profeſſed,
that he took it rather to be want of Breeding,
and of Knowledge to diſcern, when he hath good
Ufage and when hard (for through that Defect
he till thought himſelf wronged, and out
of that Conceit grew to that Diftemper,) than
any Want of good Affection to the State. For
Sir Henry Dockwra did acknowledge, that upon
all Occafions of Service, that had not appeared
evidently to prejudice him in his Particular, he
fhewed himself forward, and very ready to the
hazarding of his own Perfon very often. In
which refpect his Lordship holding him worth
the cherishing, (being befides well followed by all
his Country, fo as her Majefty's Service received
very great Furtherance both by him and them,)
was therefore refolved, according to her Majefty's
Warrant lately received, to paſs him the Grant of
his Country.
His Lordship further wrote, that he received
many Advertiſements, that the Spaniards were
ready to return into Ireland, which though he
for his Part believed not in regard their Lord-
ſhips thought the contrary, yet the People here
by many Letters from their Friends in Spain were
made confident, that they would make a new and
ftrong Invafion, before Michaelmas Day at the
furtheft. That in this Regard he made hafte to
L 3
draw
168
MORYSON'S History Book III.
draw the War to fome good End, no Way fo well
to be done, as by planting ftrong Garrifons upon
Tyrone, and by drawing from him his ſtrongeſt
Partakers, to which Purpoſe he had fent Sir Hen-
ry Folliot to govern the Garrifon lately planted at
Ballifhannon, who had Instructions to receive Mag
Guyre to Mercy, upon Condition he would be con-
tent to have his Country divided between ô Connor
Roe and himſelf, and would deliver to her Maje-
fty's Ufe the Caſtle of Eniskillin with the Ordi-
nance therein. His Lordship further fignified,
that when the Garrifon of Ballifhannon had effect-
ed the intended Service, he would leave it as a
Ward, this fame and all other Fortifications being
fo made, as one fmall Fort of very good Strength
was first framed guardable by a few, to which
was added a greater Fort of lefs Strength and
Charge, like to a Bawn or Yard, wherein many
upon Occafion might be lodged, fo as if at any
time one Company were found fufficient, the reft
being drawn away, the Lofs of the bigger Fort,
(being commanded by the leffer) would be of little
Moment, and yet might be kept fit to receive
greater Numbers, if it were thought fit to fend
them again at any time. Adding that if the
Queen would be pleaſed to build a little Caſtle in
every one of the leffer Forts, it would greatly
leffen her Majefty's Charge in the Numbers of
Men, and yet be fufficient perpetually to bridle
the Irifb.
The 29th of July the Lord Deputy, being in
Monaghan, received Letters from Sir George Ca-
rew, Lord Prefident of Münster, by the Hands of
Sir Samuel Bagnol, whom the Lord Deputy had
fent into Munter to bring from thence 1500 Foot,
which accordingly he had performed. Thefe Let-
ters advertifed certain Expectation of the Spani-
ards prefent invading Munfter with great Forces,
able
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
169
able to keep the Field without any Support from
the Irish Rebels, which Expectation was ground-
ed upon the Confeffions of many coming out of
Spain, and by divers Letters fent from thence by
the Irish, but especially was confirmed by the Ar-
rival of a Spanish Ship at Ardea, bringing a good
Proportion of Munition to Ofwillivan Bear, Capt.
Tyrrel, and other Rebels in Munster, together
with a good Sum of Money to be diftributed a-
mong them for their Encouragement to hold out
in Rebellion till the Spanish Succours fhould ar
rive. And the Lord Prefident fignified his Fear
of a general Defection upon the Spaniards firft
Arrival, which he gathered from the Confidence
of all the Rebels in that Province, who having
before fought for Mercy in all Humblenefs, and
with Promiſe to merit it by Service, now fince
the Spanish Ship arrived were grown proud (call-
ing the King of Spain their King, and their cea-
fing from Rebellion to be the betraying of their
King and of the Catholick Caufe, yea, fell no-
thing from this Infolency though they had been
fometimes beaten by him, many of their chief
Men killed, and had loft the ftrong Castle of
Dunboy. And the 20th of July the Lord Prefi-
dent advertiſed new Intelligences of Spanish For-
ces in great Numbers lying ready at the Groine,
either to be fent for Ireland or the Low Coun-
tries, whereof 2000 being Horſe, there was no
Probability that they fhould be fent by Sea for
the Low-Countries, fince they might more con-
veniently be raiſed in thofe Parts; wherefore he re-
folutely believing they were intended for Ireland,
defired that for Speed of Intelligences a running
Poft might again be eſtabliſhed between Cork and
Dublin.
The Lord Deputy by this Time had planted a
Garrison in Monaghan, wherein he left for the
L 4
preſent
170
MORYSON'S History Book III,
prefent Sir Christopher St. Laurence with his 25
Horfe and 150 Foot, and under him Capt, Efmond
with his 150 Foot. This Garrifon lay fitly to
fecure the Pale from Northern Incurfions, and to
profecute thoſe Rebels which were like to ftand
out longeft. This done, his Lordſhip took, burn-
ed, and fpoiled all the Iflands in thoſe Parts of
greateſt Strength, placing Wards in fome of them:
And finding Mac Mahown, Chief of Monaghan,
to ſtand upon proud Terms (though otherwife
making Suit to be received to Mercy,) his Lord-
fhip spoiled and ranfacked all that Country, and
by Example thereof brought many Chiefs of ad-
joining Countries to fubmit to Mercy with as
good Shew of Duty and Obedience as could be
defired, and more ſtrict Oaths and Pledges than
had formerly been required: So as now from the
Bann to the Dartry (including all Tyrone,) and
from thence to Dublin, the whole Country was
cleared, and the chief Lords more affured than
they were ever before. His Lordship placed Con-
nor Roe Maguire (to whom her Majefty had lately
given the Chiefry of Fermannagh) in the princi-
pal Houſe of Mac Mahown, Chief of Monaghan,
lying within two Miles of Fermannagh, fo as he
might from thence eafily plant and fettle himſelf
in his own Country, and fo be able to do her Ma-
jefty many good Services in thoſe Parts.
ī
This done his Lordship returned to the Newry,
meaning there for a fhort Time to refresh his
wearied Forces. The 29th of July, his Lordship
and the Council with him made to the Lords in
England a relation of the paft Services (which for
Brevity I omit) and wrote further as followeth :
Upon fuch Bruits as we hear of a new Invaſion
out of Spain (the Lord Prefident in a Manner af-
furing us that they will in that Province invade pre-
fently with a ftrong Army of 15000 Foot and 2000
Horfe)
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
171
Horſe) we are much diſtracted what next to do;
for if we ſhould draw that Way to provide to
entertain them we should loſe the Advantage of
this Proſecution and ſpend another Year unpro-
fitably, which we grieve to think upon, and yet
perhaps mifs of their Place of landing. If we
proceed, as we yet intend, to draw this War to
a ſpeedy End (which is that which we acknow-
ledge we do most affect) we shall be the leſs able
to make that defenfive Stop to their Invafion that
we might if we attended that Buſineſs only: We
do therefore moſt humbly and earnestly defire to
be directed from your Lordships (who in likeli-
hood beſt know the Spaniards Intentions) which
of theſe Courſes we should moft apply ourſelves
unto, otherwiſe we are refolved, whatfoever be-
fal, to profecute the War Northward with all
earneftneſs, out of the Defire we have to draw
the War to an End, and cafe her Majefty of that
exceffive Charge which, to our exceeding Grief,
we obſerve her to be at, which we doubt not to
effect to her great Contentment, and eaſe her Ma-
jeſty ſpeedily of a great Part of her Charge, if
we be not interrupted by the Spaniard; for be-
fides the good Hold we have gotten of thoſe that
have already ſubmitted themſelves, which by all
Arguments of found and fincere Meaning in them
we look to be better and more affured than any
that was taken heretofore fince her Majeſty and
her Anceſtors enjoyed this Kingdom, efpecially
with the Holds that we have planted among them,
we have fet down fuch a Plot for the profecution
of the reft, upon all Hands at one Inftant, fo foon
as we take the Field next, which is agreed upon
the 10th of the next Month (till which Time we
have thought fit to refreſh this Army over-toiled
and wearied out with continual working upon
the Forts that we have made, and with exceeding
great Marches which we were driven to, for lack
of
172
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
of Means to carry Victuals with us for a longer
Time,) as we are very confident we ſhall in fhort
Time ruin or fubdue all thefe Rebels: For we
have left no Man in all the North that is able to
make any very great Refiftance, or that hath not
made Means to be received to Mercy, ô Rourke
only excepted, who hitherto hath been furtheſt
off from feeling the Fury of our Profecution.
Tyrone is already beaten out of his Country and
lives in a Part of 6 Kane's, a Place of incredible
Faftneſs, where though it be impoffible to do him
any great Hurt fo long as he fhall be able to keep
any Force about him, the Ways to him being in-
acceffible with an Army, yet by lying about him,
as we mean to do, we fhall in fhort Time put him
to his uttermost Extremity, and if not light upon
his Perfon, yet force him to fly the Kingdom. In
the mean Time we can affure your Lordihips thus
much, that from 6 Kane's Country, where now
he liveth, which is to the Northward of his own
Country of Tyrone, we have left none to give us
Oppofition, nor of late have feen any but dead
Carcaffes meerly ftarved for Want of Meat, of
which Kind we found many in divers Places as we
paffed. The Forces which laft we drew out of
Munster, being 1500 Foot above the Munster Lift,
(which the Lord Prefident defired to retain there
only till he had ended his Buſineſs at Dunboy,) are
now under the Command of Sir Samuel Bagnol,
(preſently upon their Arrival to the Borders) di-
rected by the Annely to profecute o Rourk, where
moft fitly he may join with the Forces of Con-
naught, and fhall be met withal by thoſe of Bal-
lifhannon, commanded by Sir Henry Folliot: All
thofe will help us greatly to pen up the Northern
Rebels on that Side when we next attempt them
(as by the 10th of August we mean to do) from
Loughfoyle and Carrickfergus, which Sir Arthur
Chichester from thence is now very well enabled
for
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
173
for by the Means of the Garriſons we laft planted
at Toome and upon Loughfidney, both being on that
Side of the Lough that lies next upon Tyrone. And
as thoſe Forces on Connaught Side lie very fitly to
affift us for the ſpeedy Diſpatch of the Work, fo
are they very ready to entertain the Spaniards if
they ſhould land in Connaught, and not much un-
fit for Munſter if they ſhould arrive there. We havẹ
directed them therefore feverally to apply and bend
their Endeavours to anſwer theſe fundry Occafi-
ons; and this in our Providence is the beft Courfe
that we can think upon; for by the fame, if Spa-
niards come not, we fhall go on very roundly
with our Buſineſs, and we hope (by the Grace of
God) to perform it to your great Contentment;
and if they come (which is the worft) they will
be able to make fome good defenfive War till
we with the reft fhall draw unto them, and then
we cannot hope to do any more until your Lord-
fhips fupply us royally out of England. For if
the Spaniard come fo ftrong in Horfe and Foot
as is reported, and as it muft needs be thought he
will, (finding the Error that the laft Time he
committed,) it may not be expected at our Hands
with all the Forces we can draw to Head, leaving
fome Forts guarded, (as we must needs do, to
bridle and keep in Awe the Country, and to keep
our former Labours from being utterly over-
thrown,) that we fhall be able of ourfelves to put
them from any Place that they have a Mind to
hold, but muft rather give them Way till we be
better furnished. We are therefore humbly to
defire your Lordships, if the Spaniards arrive, or
if you expect them certainly, then to think upon
us favourably and to fupply our Wants, and that
fpeedily, efpecially Men, Munition, and Victu-
als, for this Kingdom will not be able to afford
us any Thing for fuch a War as then we muít
make, which your Lordships cannot but know
far
F
a
174
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
far better than we can exprefs, for as we have
noted heretofore (which we beseech you give us
leave ſtill to remember you of) it will not then be
any longer the War of Ireland, but the War of
England in Ireland, to the infinite Danger and
Comber of them both, though for our Parts we
will moft chearfully undergo the Toil and Hazard
thereof as it becometh us. To conclude, we
muft acquaint your Lordships with a very great
Abuſe crept in amongst the Minifters of the
Victuals which doth marvellously prejudice her
Majeſty's Service here: We can never know from
any of them, when the Victuals arrive in any Part,
whether it be Part of an old Contract or of a
new, nor indeed whether it be for her Majefty or
for themſelves; by that Means we can never find
how we are provided for, nor what we may fur-
ther expect, and that which worfe is, the Rebels
get of the beſt Victual that is fent hither, and
yet we cannot call the Victualler to account there-
of, for he affirms ftifly that he is warranted by
your Lordships to fell it for his Benefit, and fo as
he fell it to the Subject (how ill affected foever)
it is no Fault of his if the Rebel afterward get it.
It is in vain for us by our extreme Toil to ſpoil
the Rebels Corn and wafte their Country, (the
beſt Way yet found to bring them to Obedience,)
if they can get that English Victuals for their Mo-
ney, which we verily think was provided for
thoſe that ſerve her Majefty here, and the beſt of
it too, when the poor Soldier hath that which is
not worth the eating. Thus much we have of
late diſcovered, which we leave to your Lord-
ſhips Confideration, not doubting but it will
pleaſe you to provide Remedy, and fo, &c.
The Victuallers above-mentioned had obtained
of the Lords Liberty to fell fome Victuals, upon
Pretence (as it feems) that the fame would grow
musty, and muſt either be fold or loft, but they
abuſed
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
175
abuſed this Liberty fo far as the beſt Victuals
were fold to the Irish Subjects, and by them to
thoſe that were in actual Rebellion, while they
made bold to utter their mufty Provifions to the
Queen's Army.
The 7th of August the Lord Deputy wrote to
Sir Arthur Chichester, as likewile to Sir Henry
Dockwra, to make all Things in Readineſs againſt
his taking the Field, which he purpoſed to do
within three Days, and his Lordship projected
with them, in Cafe Tyrone fhould go into Fer-
mannagh, how to turn their Faces upon him that
Way, or otherwife to draw into Cormack Màc
Baron's Country, for fince her Majeſty would not
be induced to fhew any Mercy to Tyrone himſelf,
the only Way to end the War was to force Cor-
mack, either preſently by Fear of his Country's
fpoiling, or in fhort Time by planting a Garrifon
at the Clother, to ſubmit himſelf.
Some few Days after his Lordship received from her
Majefty this following Letter.
A
Elizabeth Regina.
Right trufty and well-beloved We greet you well
LTHOUGH We have heard nothing from
you directly fince Our laft Diſpatch, yet
We impute it to no Neglect of yours, having fo
great Cauſe to judge the best of your Actions,
when every Difpatch from other Parts of Our
Kingdom reports of great Honour in the Succeſs
of Our Army under you, a Matter fpecially appear-
ing by thofe Letters which We have ſeen directed
to our Treaſurer at Wars in Ireland, containing
the Diſcourſe of your Marches and abiding in the
Heart of Tyrone, and the Recovery of that Ifland,
and that Ordnance of Ours which had been foul-
ly
176
MORYSON'S History Book III.
ly loft before: In which reſpect We value the
fame fo much the more acceptably. We have alfo
thought good at this Time to add this further,
that We are glad to find that you are joined with
Duckwra and Chichester, becauſe that is the thing
which hath been long wifhed, often attempted,
but never before effected, (being indeed the true
Confequence of Our Plantation, with great Ex-
pence both at Loughfoyle and in other Parts of
Ulfter.) So as when We perceive that now the
Time is come, when you may make an univerfal
Profecution, and when We find that your own
Words give fuch Hope, that this ungrateful Trai-
tor fhall never be able to hold up his Head again
if the Spaniard do not arrive, We thought it fit
to touch theſe two Things following: Firft, to
affure you that We have fent a Fleet to the Coaſt
of Spain, notwithſtanding Our former Fleet re-
turned with the Carrick, there to attend his Coaſt
and all fuch Fleets as fhall be prepared to annoy
Us. Next We do require you, even whilft the
Iron is hot, fo to ftrike, as this may not only
prove a good Summer's Journey, but may deferve
the Title of that Action which is the War's Con-
clufion. For furtherance whereof We have fpared
no Charge, even now again to fend a Magazine
of Victual and other Neceffaries to thofe Places,
by which you may beſt maintain thoſe Garriſons
with which you refolve to bridle thoſe Rebels.
We have heard likewife from Carew, our Prefi-
dent of Munster, that he hath taken the Caftle
was held by the Rebels at Beer-haven, and de-
fended with the Spanish Ordnance. In that Pro-
vince We find by him that there is conftant Ex-
pectation of Spanish Succours, for which Reafon,
and confidering what Promifes the King of Spain
doth make them, and with what Importunity
they beg it at his Hands, befides one other Craft
they
Chap. I.
£77
of IRELAND.
they uſe to hide from him all Fear which might
divert him from that Enterprize, agreeing amongſt
themſelves, how great foever their Miferies be,
to conceal the fame from him and his Minifters,
as appeareth well by a Letter of 6 Donnel's own
Hand, intercepted of late, by which he writes to
a Rebel, called ó Connor Kelly, defiring him to ad-
vertiſe him of the State of Ireland, but in no Sort
to deliver any bad Report of their Loffes, becauſe
he would be loth that the Spaniard fhould know
it.
We do require you very earneftly to be very
wary in taking the Submiffions of thefe Rebels,
who ever make Profit of their coming in. Some
let flip of Purpoſe by the Arch-traitor; others,
when they have compounded for their own Peace,
are notoriouſly known to fill their Countries with
more Cattle than ever they had in ſeven Years
before, which is a Matter that most notoriouſly
diſcovereth, that the great bordering Traitors
(whofe Countries are fought to be lay'd waſte)
do find a fafe Protection for their Goods under
them: A Matter whereof we fpeak in no other
Sort than by Way of Caution, knowing that
no Rule is fo general, either to leave or take,
which may not change in reſpect of Circumftan-
ces.
Given under our Signet at
our Manor of Greenwich,
the 15th of July, in
the 44th Year of our
Reign.
To this Letter, in the Margent, were added
theſe Words in her Majefty's own Hand; We
con you many Lauds for having fo nearly approach-
ed the villainous Rebel, and fee no Reaſon why
fo great Forces ſhould not end his Days whofe
Wickedneſs
178
MORYSON's History Book III.
1
4
Wickedness hath cut off fo many, and fhould
judge myſelf mad if we fhould not change your
Authority for his Life, and fo we do by this.
Since neither Spaniard nor other Accident is like
to alter this Mind, as fhe that ſhould bluſh to re-
ceive fuch Indignity after fo royal Profecution.
We have forgotten to praiſe your Humility, that
after having been a Queen's Kitchen-maid you
have not difdained to be a Traitor's Skullion.
God bless you with Perſeverance.
Your Sovereign, E. R.
At the fame Time his Lordship received this follow-
ing Letter from Mafter Secretary.
I
My very good Lord,
T must not feem ftrange to you to find this
marginal Quotation in her Majefty's Letter,
whereby the last Authority (in pardoning Tyrone)
is fo abfolutely retrenched. For firft, as her Ma-
jefty (in thefe Cafes) may well (out of Experi-
ence of Government) affume more to her royal
Prudence than any of her Council; fo (God in
Heaven doth know) that even in theſe great Cau-
fes fhe is pleaſed to proceed more abfolutely than
ever, according as the pleaſeth to approve her
Will, by the Rules of her own Princely Judg-
ment: So as if you confider how little Good the
laft Authority (which was given you to pardon
no more but his Life) could have effected, you
will eafily imagine that we thought it to little
Purpoſe here to offend by Conteſtation againſt
this Letter, when in both the Directions the Dif
ference was of fo little Confequence. Laftly, the
Change that is proceeded meerly from the Hopes
which your own Letters to the Treaſurer have
given of our Opinion fo to ruin him as he ſhould
never be able again to ftand, whereof it is true,
that
Chap. I.
179
of IRELAND.
that her Majefty hath taken fo good and comfortable
Hold, the fame being ſo juſt and agreeable to the
Difficulty of her own Nature to forgive that Of-
fender, as although in Effect fhe had done little
more than nothing before, yet the thinks any
Mercy to him to be much. It remaineth there-
fore that I refort to explain myſelf in my former
Advice, when I and fome others wished you,
though you had Warrant to conclude for no more
than Life only, that you ſhould notwithſtanding
(feeing you had Warrant fufficient to hear from
him) in no Cafe forbear to diſcover what were his
higheft, or what would be his loweft; for this was
our Intent, as faithful Counſellors, if you found
the State to be fuch, as (without his Submiffion
to be a Subject) all others coming in would be
idle, and that to offer him nothing but Life,
(which he hath already, and will keep too long,
I fear me) were the Way to lack that Good,
which by yielding to more, might have been ef-
fected, that then, and in fuch Cafe, you ſhould
not foreftal him fo peremptorily in your dealing
with him as to repel thofe Overtures which he
would make; for though you were not to con-
clude for more than you had Warrant, yet when
you might ſend over what it was, and what your
Opinion was thereupon, it might be, that when
her Majeſty ſhould fee what might have come,
fhe would be content (for the Good of her King-
dom) to defcend from the Greatneſs of her own
Heart, full of juſt Indignation againſt him. Theſe
Things I touched out of the infinite Caution
whereunto the Experience of my Misfortune to
be misjudged preffeth me more violently than any
other, whereby I would fecure myſelf againſt any
Doubts that I would practife upon you in any
Thing, for any Refpe&t whatſoever, which might
be pernicious to you, to whom I have profeffed
all honeft Friendship: For I proteft unto you,
VOL. II.
M
how-
180
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
¡
howfoever it may be fome Men's Philofophy to
conclude that all private Confiderations must be
extinguiſhed when there is queftion of the Good
of a Man's Country, (becauſe it challengeth a
Part before Wife, Children or Friends,) yet do I
not think it intended by that great Rule, that
any honeſt Man ought to betray an honeft Truſt
of a worthy Friend for any Reſpect whatſoever,
unleſs he knew that Friend, who is confident in
him, falfe or wicked to his Country, to which
he owes fo much Duty; for that Diftinction
makes great Odds in the Queſtion. Of this Let-
ter therefore, when you fhall examine the Cir-
cumſtances, you would quickly diſcern how little
it ought to trouble you, for if you had already
treated you had Warrant for it, if you have con-
cluded (according to the Authority of that War-
Tant) the new Reftraint comes too late, if not,
then is your Lordship to obey this Direction, and
in obeying it, to content your Sovereign as then
adviſed, whereby you are juftified to the World,
whatſoever come, becauſe you have obeyed, and
if that Succeſs fucceed not, which was hoped for
by a moderate Meaſure of Grace (following an
orderly and ſharp Proſecution, and never other-
wife to be but at great Length,) you may then
refort to her Majeſty's ownſelf, forafmuch as you
fhall come fhort of that to which you might have
arrived, if you had not been reſtrained: For Proof
whereof it will be very fit that you do write of
the Conditions particularly, which is all that
either you or we can fay, where we are all bound,
firft, to give Advice according to our Confcience,
and then to yield Obedience. I do conclude, that
it was (for his own particular) a good Speech of
the Cardinal Granvella, who when he found the
Emperor grew more refolute daily against his
Council, faid, He wifhed that from thence for-
ward his Council might never be followed; for,
faid
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
181
faid he, if it be bad and not received, I am glad
for my Country, if good and not followed, yet
it muſt value me to my Mafter; and ſo much for
that Matter: Only this I have thought conveni-
ent for both our Particulars, feeing it is impoffi-
ble that this Difpatch can come fo foon to you
as the Queen may expect, that the Secretary re-
ceive it from me, and you from him for our Dif
charge, left her Majefty ſhould ſuſpect that out
of Zeal to the Caufe, (howfoever we dare not
conteft,) yet that I have delayed to fend it, or
you pretend to have been longer without it than
you have been, to which Purpoſe I have written
to him to take care of the fending it to you with
Expedition, and to advertiſe me both of his Re-
ceipt from me and yours from him. And thus for
this time I commit your Lordship to God's Pro-
tection.
From the Court at Greenwich
this 16th of July, 1602.
POSTSCRIPT.
Pardon me for ufing another Hand, which I
hope you will bear with, being of no other Sub-
ject than an honeft Secretary may fet down: Be-
cauſe I am not ſure whether you can perfectly read
her Majefty's Hand, I fend you the fame in a Co-
py, the latter Part whereof, being fuitable with
the former Stile of Favour, that was wont to
paſs between you, grew by the Occafion of your
own Poſtſcript, when you wrote to the Treafu-
rer: That you had been a good while in ô Neal's
Kitchen, which you meant to warm fo well, as
he ſhould keep the worſe Fires ever after. God
knows, I do as much defire to hear of your Suc-
ceſs, as ever I did to hear of any thing, becauſe
upon it Judgment may be made, which is likely
to follow, your coming or tarrying. In which
M 2
be
182
MORYSON'S History Book III.
be affured that I will do you all the right to which
Religion, Honour, and Affection can tie me. In
the mean time take this Comfort, that her Ma-
jefty doth feelingly apprehend your Virtue, and
begins now to fpeak and write in her wonted
Stile, and therefore I grow daily more confident,
that we ſhall ſpend fome Years together in her
Service. For my felf I will now give over Pro-
feffions, and fo do you, for neither of our Hearts
have ever been accufable for Baſeneſs to our Friend,
though in our kind we have ſeveral Taftes of In-
gratitude, only take this ftill for Affurance, that
I am
Your affectionate Friend,
to command,
Robert Cecil.
Likewife at the fame time the Lord Deputy re-
ceived this following Letter from the Lords in
England.
After our very hearty Commendations to your Lordship,
A Lthough her Majefty hath by her Letter
taken Notice of your Lordships wife and
happy Proceedings, by a Letter which hath been
fent from Dublin by the Treaſurer, upon your ta-
king of the Ifland in Tyrone, yet we are moved
to exprefs our Simpathy with your good Fortune,
both out of Duty to the Publick, and particular
Affection to your felf, whom God hath made fo
happy an Inftrument of her Majefty's Service.
We have likewife heard from the Prefident of
Munſter of his taking in of Beer-haven, whereby
we had well hoped that Province would have
proved lefs troublefome than yet we can hope,
firſt becauſe there are many provincial. Rebels out,
next
Chap. I.
183
of IRELAND.
next becauſe the Hollowneſs of thoſe that are re-
puted Subjects, appeareth many Ways, (though
not fo vifible to all,) which is only maintained
by the Affurance they have of Succours from
Spain, whereof (as we have often faid) we can
make no other Judgment, than that what he is
able to do, he hath a Will to do, and what he
hath not done, hath only been hindered by the re-
maining of her Majefty's Fleet upon his Coaſt,
and which the refolveth to maintain till Winter
be well come on, fo as: Seeing here is done as
much as her Majefty can do, and that many Dif-
ficulties at home with himſelf, and Actions of
others abroad, may make Sufpenfion if not Di-
verfion from that Spanish Invafion, we think
your Lordſhip fhall do well, to take time while
it ferveth in Ulfter, ſeeing we perceive you have
now fo ordered the Matter, as if he fhould land
in the North, you are near him, and if in the
South, you have means now to draw moft of the
Forces of the Kingdom to make head againſt
him. So as we have little elfe to fay for the pre-
fent, but to commend your Proceedings, and ex-
pect the Success: Although we find your Lord-
Thip had very good reaſon to draw away Sir Sa-
muel Bagnol with thoſe extraordinary Companies,
which you were content to ſpear till the taking
of the Caſtle of Donboy, yet we have thought it
very convenient, becauſe it is worth your Lord-
fhip's Knowledge, to let you underſtand, that if
the Spaniards fhall attempt to land in Ireland with
an Army, all our Intelligences do confirm, that
it will be in Munster, or upon the nearer Parts
of Connaught, and if this Summer at all, it will
be between this and Bartholomew-tide. In which
reſpect, we thought it good to remember your
Lordship, to have care for a Month or two, to
fend fome Forces to ftrengthen that Province, a-
bove the Lift, whereby at their firft Defcent her
Majeſty's
M 3
:
184 MORYSON's Hiftory Book III.
Majefty's Forces may keep fome fuch Reputation,
as the Provincials, whofe Eye will only be upon
the Army, may not grow too infolent, nor the
Governor there be forced to leave the Field. For
which Purpoſe we think it not amifs, that you
fhould prefently fend fome Horfe, though you
fpear the fewer Foot, confidering the Weakneſs
of thofe Numbers that are there, to answer any ſuch
Occafion For the North, although we doubt
not but ô Donnel is fed with the fame Hope that
the Munster Rebels are, yet we do not expect any
great Forces to land in thoſe Parts more Norther-
ly than the Town of Galway at the furtheft. We
have now no more wherewith to hold you at this
time, than with the Recommendation of all your
Actions to God's Protection.
From the Court at Greenwich,
this 18th of July, 1602.
The Army being refreſhed with theſe few Days
Reft, the Lord Deputy had determined to leave
the Newry, and take the Field again upon the
10th of August: But upon Intelligence that Ty-
rone purpoſed to fend Brian mac Carty back into
Killultagh to disturb thofe Parts, and fo to divert
the Profecution of Tyrone as much as they could,
his Lordſhip directed Sir Arthur Chichester from
Mafferine, and Sir Henry Davers from the Newry,
to draw Part of the Forces into that Country,
and there to inveft the Fort of Enifhlaghlin, be-
ing the only Hold the Rebels had in thofe Parts,
in which (for the Strength thereof,) all the Goods
of fuch as were fled into Tyrone, were left.
This Refolution the Lord Deputy fignified to
Sir Henry Dockwra, who expected to meet his
Lordship in Tyrone about this time, according to
their former Purpofe. And withal advertiſed him,
that he had ſent ſuch a Part of the Army to Char-
lemount,
Chap. I.
185
of IRELAND.
lemount, and the other Forts near to the Black-
water, as would be (in a manner) to as good Pur-
poſe, for any Service Sir Henry Dockwra fhould
think fit to attempt upon Tyrone, or for the ftop-
ping of him from paffing with his Creaghts from
the Faftneſs wherein he now lay, as if his Lord-
ſhip were there prefent with the whole Forces.
For his Lordship's Troop of Horfe, being lodged
at Charlemount, with more than 1000 Foot in
Lift, and Sir Henry Davers his Troop of Horſe,
being lodged at Armagh, with fome 700 Foot
more in the Forts adjoining, a Party of 200 Horfe,
and 1400 Foot might be drawn by Sir Henry
Dockwra from thence, upon any fudden Occafion,
and theſe Forces, together with the Companies
at Mount-Norris, and at Mountjoy Forts, were able
to do great Matters upon Tyrone, if he could dif-
cover his Purpoſes by any good Efpial, yet his
Lordship offered himfelf with thofe Forces he had
left, to draw preſently up into Tyrone, if Sir Hen-
ry Dockwra thought it needful, rather than any
thing fit for the Service fhould be omitted. And
whereas Sir Henry Dockwra feemed to doubt of
Henry Oge his Second, his Lordſhip was fo con-
fident of his found Meaning, as he gave Affu-
rance on his Part, that he would not only not do
any thing to give the State Offence, but would
advertiſe any thing he could learn to further the
Service, and rather than fail, would draw his
whole Force upon Tyrone, to which alfo his Lord-
fhip had by his Letters earneftly perfuaded him.
And touching ô Kane's Submiffion, his Lordship
wrote to Sir Henry Dockwra, that he would be
glad to fee him, when he came into Tyrone, which
fhould be preſently after the Buſineſs at Enifblagh-
lin was diſpatched, and then he would be willing
to give him all reaſonable Contentment. Laftly,
his Lordship adviſed Sir Henry Dockwra, fo to
M 4
carry
186
MORYSON'S History Book III.
carry his Bufinefs, as he might be ready to per-
form his Directions, if the Spaniards fhould again
land in Ireland, as a ftrong Rumour went, that
they shortly intended.
The 10th of Auguft the Lord Deputy wrote this
following Letter to Mafter Secretary Cecil.
SIR,
Underſtand from Sir Oliver Lambert, that the
Fortification at Galway is almoft finished, and
that there will be needful for that Place, to have
four Demi-cannons, and four whole Culverins,
(but I think it will be well, if they be all Cul-
verins, and of Iron,) which he thinks will make
it of very great Uſe againſt the Spaniards, if they
happen to land there, as he fufpecteth: For that
and other fuch great Works, I think we muſt
neceffarily have fome good great Ordnance, and
therefore befeech you, Sir, to be a Mean, that
we may be ſpeedily fupplied with a Score of Iron
Pieces, well furniſhed, and fitted to be placed
there, and elſewhere in Munster, to the moſt Ad-
vantage of the Service, whereby I am very con-
fident that this whole Country will much the bet-
ter be fecured, and her Majefty greatly eaſed in
her continuing Charge, though her prefent Charge
feems thereby much increaſed. I proteft I do ap-
ply with all Carefulneſs my beft Endeavours, fo
to husband this Bufinefs, as her Majefty in a ve-
ry fhort time fhall find Abatement of her Charge
here, to her own Contentment, if I be not in-
terrupted by the Spaniards; and if they do come,
I doubt not but theſe greater Works will keep
the Towns (near which they ftand) in ſo great
Awe, as they will not fuddenly nor eafily fall to
their Party, as otherwife in all likelihood they
would, fo as they fhew themſelves any thing ſtrong
before
Chap. I. of IRELAND,
187
before any of them, and then will it manifeftly
appear, that this Coft was beſtowed to great good
Purpoſe: For the keeping of one Town from re-
volting, will very well countervail the whole
Charge that her Majefty fhall be at, in planting
of all thofe Fortifications, and yet will they af-
terwards be fuch Bridles to the Countries all about
them, as they fhall never be able to rebel again.
I conceive that by the placing of a Conftable and
a convenient Ward in fuch of them as fhall be
thought fitteſt to be maintained, her Majefty fhall
be better and cheaper ferved, than by laying of
Companies or Parts of Companies in them, that
must upon Occafions be removed. For when
one Man only hath the Charge thereof, who
knows that he muſt be accountable for it, he will
no doubt have much the greater Care, and may
more commodiously be fitted with all things ne-
ceffary: But then must I intreat you, Sir, to take
Order that theſe Places be not beftowed there at
Court, upon fuch as will be Suitors for them,
(of which kind I make account there will be ma-
ny, fince I partly know fome of them already,)
for I fhall thereby be difabled to do her Majefty
the Service I affect, and become meerly an unpro-
fitable Officer for her, in as much as it will be
here foon obferved, that when theſe Places are
not left to my Difpofal, who fhould beſt know
both how every Man deferves, and for what each
Man's ferving here is fitteft, it will be to little
Purpoſe for any of them to make me an Eye-wit-
nefs of their well-deferving, when it is not in my
Power to reward them, but will rather uſe Means
to her Majefty, or the Lords, hoping to get that
they aim at, by a much eaſier and fhorter Courſe,
which I confefs to you, Sir, I do with fome
Grief obſerve, in the recommending of many hi-
ther for Captains Places, when fome have given
over their Charge here, by which Means I can
neither
188
MORYSON'S History Book III.
}
neither leffen the Queen's Charge, as I would, by
cafhing of their Companies, nor prefer others
thereunto, whom I fee daily to have very well de-
ferved it, and by this Means comes in, both fel-
ling of Companies, (a thing which I would other-
wife never füffer,) and the placing of fuch Cap-
tains, as thoſe which we found here at the Be-
ginning of this War, whofe Infufficiency had al-
moft loft this Kingdom. I befeech you, Sir,
conceive, that I have juft Cauſe to be grieved,
that muſt draw upon my felf the Hatred of a great
many, that I' fhould diſcharge in the great Cafh
that I intend, who will ever hold me the Over-
throw of them, and all their Fortunes, eſpecially
if I be not able to beſtow upon fome of the wor-
thieft of them, fuch other Places in this King-
dom, as have fallen within the Gift of my Prede-
ceffors here. Although (God is my Witneſs) this
doth nothing ſo much grieve me, as that I fhall
thereby be diſabled to ferve her Majefty as I would,
to make a ſpeedy end of the War, that might be
both fafe and durable, by leaving fuch in all Places,
as I know to be beft able to ferve her, and fuch
as if they did not imploy their time in her conti-
nual Service, might more juftly than any other,
with their Prefence importune her for Rewards of
their former Services. And fo,
SI R, &c.
At the fame time the Lord Deputy wrote this follow-
ing Letter to her Majefty.
May it please your Sacred Majefty,
I Have received to my ineftimable Comfort, your
gracious Letters of the 15th of July, for none
of my Endeavours do fatisfy me in doing you Ser-
vice, until I find them approved by your Maje-
fty; and when I have done all that I can, the ut-
termoſt
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
189
termoſt Effects of my Labours do appear fo little
to my own Zeal to do more, that I am often a-
fhamed to preſent them unto your fair and royal
Eyes, which is the only Cauſe that I do not more
often prefume to prefent your Majeſty with the
Account of my Proceedings, led on with a Hope
and reſtleſs Defire, to improve them unto fome
fuch Degree, as might be more worthy of your
Knowledge. And whereas it pleaſeth your Ma-
jeſty to reſtrain me from hearkening unto the
Arch-traitor Tyrone, were it not in reſpect of my
defire to cut off fuddenly the chargeable Thread
of this War, there could nothing come more
welcome unto me, than to be his continual Scourge,
and as (by the Favour of God) he is already
brought to a very low Ebb, fo utterly to cut
him off, or caft him out of this Country. And
although I have great reafon to prefume, that if
he be not affifted by any foreign Power, the Ruin
of his Eſtate is certain, yet how, as a Vagabond
Wood-kerne, he may preſerve his Life, and how
long, I know not; and yet therein I humbly defire
your Majefty to believe, that I will omit nothing,
that is poffible to be compaffed. And for the Cau-
tion your Majefty doth vouchfafe to give me, a-
bout taking in Submittees to their Advantage,
and to the Abuſe of your Mercy, I beseech your
Majefty to think, that in a Matter of fo great
Importance, my Affection will not fuffer me to
commit fo grofs a Fault againſt your Service, as
to do any thing, for the which I am not able to
give you a very good Account, the which above
all things, I defire to do at your own royal Feet,
and that your Service here may give me Leave to
fill my Eyes with their only dear and defired Ob-
ject. I befeech God confound all your Enemies,
and
190
MORYSON'S History Book III.
and unfaithful Subjects, and make my Hand as hap-
py, as my Heart is zealous to do you Service.
Your Majesty's trueft Servant,
Mountjoy.
The Fort of Enifhlaghlin above-mentioned, (the
inveſting whereof made the Lord Deputy defer
the taking of the Field,) was feated in the midſt
of a great Bog, and no Way acceffable, but
through thick Woods, very hardly paffable. It
had about it two deep Ditches, both compaffed
with ftrong Pallifadoes, a very high and thick
Rampart of Earth, and Timber, and well flank-
ed with Bull-works. For Defence of the Place
42 Musqueteers, and fome 20 Swordfmen were
lodged in it. But after that our Forces, with ve-
ry good Induſtry had made their Approaches to
the firſt Ditch, the Befieged did yield the Place
to the Queen and themſelves abfolutely to her
Mercy. So a Ward of English was left in the
Caftle, after the Spoil thereof was taken, where-
in were great Store of Plate and the chief Goods
of the beſt Men in the Country, being all fled to
Tyrone, and the Men there taken were brought
bound to the Newry, and prefented upon the 19th
of August to the Lord Deputy,
The fame Day his Lordship wrote this Letter follow-
ing to Master Secretary Cecil.
SIR,
1th
HAVE lately written to you at large, and I
have now no more Matter of Importance, to
trouble you with, only fince my laft, we have
taken Enifhlaghlin, a Place of great Importance,
and the Strongeſt that I have heard of, to be held by
any Rebel in Ireland. Henry 6 Neal, the eldeſt
Son
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
191
Son of Shane ô Neal, is broken out of Prifon, as
his Brother did the like long before, and becauſe
they do caft themſelves (without all Conditions)
into her Majeſty's Protection, I cannot but uſe
them well: But as things ftand now, I do not fee
any great Ufe to be made of them, and I fear I
fhall be more troubled with them, than if they
were ſtill where they were. To-morrow (by the
Grace of God) I am again going into the
Field, as near as I can utterly to waſte the
Country of Tyrone, and to prevail the Garriſons
there of fome Corn, to keep their Horſes in the
Winter, which being done, I will leave the Gar-
riſons to take their Effect; which when they are
well provided; and as well placed, will do more
than an Army. And, Sir, except things fall out
much contrary to that, which we have good Rea-
fon to expect, I prefume, that if the Queen keep
theſe Garriſons ſtrong, and well provided all this
Winter, the may before the next Spring fend in-
to this Kingdom Sir Robert Gardner, with fome
other good Čommon-wealthfmen, with her Plea-
fure how much, and how every Man fhall hold
his Land, and what Laws fhe will have current
here; and I am confident it will be obeyed. Nei-
ther is the reducing of this Province to be too
little regarded; for ill inhabited as it was, with
no Induſtry, and moſt part wafted, I can affure
you, the Earl of Tyrone in the time of theſe Wars,
did raiſe upon Ulfter above 80000l. by the Year,
and to fall from that excefs, I think they might
be brought to yield the Queen willingly, much
more than ever the expected prefently, and in
time more than I dare now promiſe. And after
this Winter, I think the may withdraw her Gar-
rifons, only leaving Wards in the Places, and if
I be not much deceived, you ſhall find, that theſe
Men will be the last of all Ireland, that will for-
fake the Queen's Party, and I prefume after
this
"
192
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
this Winter do the Queen good Service againſt
the Spaniards, if they come: But if they come
before, I cannot tell what I may build on: But I
perceive by your laſt Letter, they are not likely
to be many, and then, although it may ftop,
yet I hope it fhall not overthrow our Work. If
there be no Invafion here, if I do not too much
deceive my ſelf, I fhould do the Queen in her
Service of this Country more Advantage, by my
coming over after Michaelmas, than I can do here.
This Gentleman Sir Richard Trever I perceive will
fettle himſelf in thefe Parts, by the which he
may do her Majefty good Service; for it is unfit
fuch Land as he hath given him, fhould lie wafte,
and it will be much better to be ordered by Men
of his Worth and Quality. And fo, Sir, I be-
feech God profper all the Queen's Affairs, and
make us able to do her the Service, that her Ma-
jefty doth expect.
Yours, SIR, to do you Service,
Mountjoy.
The next Day, being the 20th of August, the
Lord Deputy took the Field, and incamped in
the Mid-way between the Newry and Armagh,
and there underſtanding that Tyrone was fled into
Fermannagh, and thereupon conceiving that the
War was then chiefly to be made that Way, his
Lordſhip refolved, firft, to ſpoil all the Country
of Tyrone, and to baniſh all the Inhabitants from
thence, injoining fuch of them as would become
Subjects, to live on the South-fide of Black-
water, fo that if Tyrone returned, he fhould find
nothing in the Country but the Queen's Garri-
fons. Further to prevent his Return, and to make
the War more conveniently upon him, and the
Remnant of the Rebels, his Lordſhip refolved to
plant
Chap.
of IRELAND.
193
plant a Garriſon at the Agher, being Cormock's
chief Houſe, ſeated near Fermannagh and near Mo-
naghan, whither Sir Henry Dockwra might draw
the greateſt Part of his Forces, and whither in
one Days March (as the Paffages were now made)
moſt of the Forces in the Northern Garrisons
might be drawn together. The 29th Day of Au-
guft his Lordship paſſed the Bridge at Charlemount,
over the Blackwater, and that Night encamped
by Dungannon, which his Lordship made defenfi-
ble, leaving a Ward to keep the Place, to be a
Retreat for our Men going out upon Service, and
to preſerve the Oats growing thereabouts for our
Horſes in the Winter.
There his Lordſhip received this following Letter from
Mafter Secretary.
My very good Lord,
You
OUR Packets of the 19th and 29th of July
were Yeſterday delivered me, and withal
your private Letter to her Majefty dated the 10th
of Auguft, all which were very well allowed of,
as hereafter more particularly you fhall be adver-
tifed, this being rather to advertiſe you of their
Receipt than that there is left any extraordinary
Matter for me to write unto you which is not
contained in the laft Diſpatches from hence,
whereof at the writing of your own I know you
could not advertiſe the Receipt. One great Cauſe
of
my writing this private Letter is this, that
where I fee how much it doth distract your Mind
to think of Spain behind you, and of the North
before you, fearing to be diverted from the Con-
clufion of your Labours, you may perceive in
what Eftate the Preparations of Spain are now,
as I am certainly advertiſed by one of my own
who is newly arrived from the Ports of Lisbon,
where he took Shipping the 21st of July laſt
(Stilo
194
MORYSON'S History Book III.
(ſtilo veteri.) There are two great Ships, each of
1000 Tuns, one called the St. Andrew, and the
other, (which fhall be the Vice-Admiral,) the
Name forgotten, befides there are but twelve Ships
of 200 Tuns and downwards, in which it was re-
folved to fend fome 1500 Men to have relieved
the Siege at Beer-haven, the News of the taking
whereof was first known there the 10th of July,
being written from Waterford to Lisbon, and not
before. Of theſe 1500 Men 800 came from the
Groine, being Part of thofe that were tranfported
out of Ireland. In the Groine remaineth 6 Donnel,
and there is only the great St. Philip with ten
fmall Barks, with which he mightily importuned
to be fent into the North. If thefe had been fent
into Beer-haven in Munfter, hoping upon his Ar-
rival with fome 1000 or 15oo Men to have raiſed
the Siege, poffeffed fome Parts, and made a Begin-
ning of a Plantation, hereof great Benefit muſt
needs have grown to the Rebels; for as thoſe
fmall Numbers which fhould have been landed in
Munster, with the Bruit of the reft to follow
(which is always multiplied,) would have made a
Distraction of the Ulfter Profecution, fo any pet-
ty Deſcent with him in Ulfter would have raiſed
the new Hopes of all thoſe Northern Rebels.
And truly (my Lord) when it is confidered how
great a Benefit it is to the King of Spain to con-
fume the Queen with Charge in Ireland by his
beſtowing only (once a Year) fome fuch forlorn
Companies; befides, that he thereby keepeth up
fome Kind of Reputation in Europe in following
on his firft Defign by fending though a few,
which (being added to that which Fame fpread-
eth of great Numbers) filleth the World with
continual Rumour of his undertaking Humour:
I cannot be ſecured but that he will ftill feed that
Fire with Fuel, although I know it a Vanity to
believe thoſe other fond Reports of fuch mighty
Preparations
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
195
Preparations and fuch Armies as he is no Way
able to embrace; for your Lordship may be affu-
red, whatſoever you hear of gathering of Num-
bers by Land to this Place or that, they have been
only for Defence againſt fuch Attempts as they did
ignorantly ſuſpect from the Queen and the Low
Countries, and to continue Obedience within his
Kingdom in the South Parts, where the Moors
have been very apt to take Arms. And for the
Gallies, whereof we have heard fo many to be
brought out of Italy, they were intended for fome
Enterprize upon La Roche, fo as the Bruit that
they ſhould have come for Ireland was idle: Only
it is true, that Sir Richard Levifon defeated thofe
eight Gallies, which were come as far to the
Northward as Lisbon, under the Conduct of Spi-
nola, who undertook to bring them into the Low
Countries for Slufe; but of thofe eight, two be-
ing funk, a third fpoiled and never able to go to
Sea, the other five were likewiſe fo torn, and the
Slaves fo mangled, as we look not to hear of them
in theſe Quarters this Summer, fo as I affure you,
though our Carrick prove nothing fo much as
we expected, having been much pillaged, and
many of the Goods taken wet, yet hath Sir Ri-
chard Levifon in this Service deferved an extraor
dinary Reputation. Thus have I now delivered,
rather (out of my private Affection) my private
Opinion, that no great Army is intended, than
that I mean to contest against the contrary Opi-
nions (which are here continually multiplied from
thence, of the great Armies the King of Spain
amaffeth,) to hinder any Preparations which may
come from hence, whereby that Kingdom may
receive any Comfort: Firit, becauſe I know the
very Bruit of Levies herè muft needs give Help
to your Proceedings; next, becauſe I know what
a Folly it is, in Cafes which concern a Kingdom,
to diffuade any Manner of Supplies, whereof the
VOL. II.
Lack
N
196
MORYSON'S History Book III.
Lack may prove perillous, especially in this State,
which is fo exhaufted (by that War of Ireland
only,) as it is an eafy Work to divert all Actions
of Charge, eſpecially whenfoever they may think
to fecure their Opinions, by maintaining thoſe
Grounds to which I fhould incline, to whofe
Place it principally belongeth to give beft Judg
ment of foreign Intelligences. I will only therefore
conclude with this; I am forry to find my Sove-
reign's Heart fo great and magnanimous (tho' I muſt
confeſs ſhe hath very juſt Cauſe) as not to be content-
ed to have made Virtue of Neceffity, and by her Par-
don of the greateft Rebel, to have diffolved the
Strength of the Combination, which being ftill
united with Minds of Defpair will multiply ftill
alienation, whereof fo potent an Enemy as is the
King of Spain will ever make his Benefit; where
I am of Opinion, that if he were fure to be par-
doned, and live in any Security with the Quality
of any Greatnefs, fuch is his Wearinefs of his
Mifery (and fo of all the reft) as he would be
made one of the beſt Inftruments in that King-
dom. But I have now gone on too far, faving
that I am apt to take all Occafions to exchange
my Thoughts with you by Letters, praying Al-
mighty God fo to blefs your Endeavours as we may
more enjoy each other's Company for the Good
of her Majeſty's Service. And ſo I commit you
to God's Protection.
From the Court at Hicham
this 7th of August, 1602.
Your Lordship's loving and
affured Friend to command,
Robert Cecil.
The
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
197
The Lord Deputy ſpent fome five Days about
Tullogh Oge, where the 6 Neals were of old
Cuftom created, and there he ſpoiled the Corn of
all the Country, and Tyrone's own Corn, and brake
down the Chair wherein the 8 Neals were wont
to be created, being of Stone, planted in the open
Field. Sir Henry Dockwra, only with fome Horſe
with him, did meet the Lord Deputy here upon
the 30th of August, and brought with him 6 Kane,
a late Submittee, having left the English Foot at
the Omy, where in like Sort were the moft Part
of 6 Kane's and young 6 Donnel's Horfe and Foot,
victualled at their own Charge, and ready to at-
tend any Service the Lord Deputy fhould com-
mand them. The fame Day his Lordship under-
ftood that Sir Arthur Chichester was coming to-
wards him by Killetro, and that Randal Mac Sur-
ley had offered him to ferve the Queen in that
Journey with foo Foot and 40 Horfe upon his
own Charge.
Whereupon the Lord Deputy refolved to march
with the Army to Dunnamore, and thence to the
Agher, and in the fecond Day's March, upon the
6th of September, his Lordship received Letters
from the Lord Prefident of Münster, that 24 Spa-
nish Ships were bruited to be arrived at Beer-haven,
which News, though his Lordship kept fecret,
yet the whole Country was prefently full of it,
and from all Parts he received the like Alarms,
infomuch as amongst the Irish it was conftantly
believed that fome Spanish Ships were arrived at
Carlingford. Notwithstanding, his Lordship left
a Garrifon at the Aghet, being a Caftle feated in
an Iſland, and he intrenched a large Piece of
Ground for greater Forces when Sir Henry Dock-
wra fhould draw them thither upon any Service,
and from that Caftle his Lordship brought away
two Brass Fieces.
N 2
Tyrone,
198
MORYSON'S History Book III.
Tyrone, Brian Mac Art, Mac Mahown, and Cor-
mack Mac Baron, were fled into the Bottom of a
great Faftneſs towards the End of Lough Erne,
whom his Lordship followed as far as he could
poffibly carry the Army, yet came not within
twelve Miles of them; befides, they had a Way
from thence into ô Rourk's Country, to which
the Army could not pafs. Mac Guyre had lately
left them and received the Queen's Protection
from Sir Henry Folliot, upon Condition to put in
good Pledges for his Loyalty, and to give ỗ Con-
nor Roe Mac Guire the Land belonging to him,
and to build up the Caftle of Enniskillen, which
he lately brake down, delivering the fame built at
his own Charge into the Queen's Poffeffion. And
Tyrone and his above-named Confederates were all
poor, and all the Rebels following them were not
above 600 Foot and 60 Horſe.
Upon the 7th of September his Lordſhip under-
ftood by Letters from Sir Oliver Lambert, that
he was called back from the Profecution of ô
Rourk by like News of the Spaniards Arrival.
The fame Day his Lordship fent back Sir Henry
Dockwra, and directed him to draw moſt of his
Forces (with as much Victuals as he could put
up) to the Omy, and from thence to the Agher,
being twelve Miles diftant and fair Way, there
to be refident, and to make the War till Harveſt
were paft, being always ready to follow his Lord-
fhip's further Directions upon any landing of Spa-
niards. Likewife the next Day his Lordship fent
back Sir Arthur Chichester, directing him to lie at
Mountjoy Garrifon, clearing the Country of Ty-
rone of all Inhabitants, and to fpoil all the Corn
which he could not preferve for the Garrifons,
and to deface all the Iflands formerly taken, being
ready to draw upon the Rebels if they ſhould make
any Head, yet with Advice to be likewife ready
to
SELE
Chap. I.
199
of IRELAND.
to anſwer any new Directions if the Spaniards
fhould arrive.
So his Lordſhip marched back with his Army,
and upon the 9th of September divided all the
wafte Land on the South-fide of Blackwater to-
wards the Newry, between Henry Mac Shane and
Con Mac Shane, Sons to Shane ô Neal, only with
leave to live there with their Creaghts and fuch
Followers as fhould come unto them till her Ma-
jeſty's Pleaſure were further known, and enjoining
them to fow their Corn for the next Year upon
the Plains.
Thus his Lordship bringing back with him into the
Pale fourteen Companies of Foot and 100 Horfe,
came to the Newry the 11th of September, and
the next Day in his and the Councils Letters to the
Lords in England, after the Relation of the for-
mer Services, wrote as followeth.
WE we of
E have taken the beft Pledges we could of
fuch as are become Subjects, all of them
have affifted us with Cows, moft of them with
Carriages, with Men, and with their own Pre-
fence, fo as if foreign Forces do not arrive we
make no Doubt of them, nor to bring the reft to
what Terms fhall be fitteft for her Majefty's Ho-
nour and Profit. We have thought fit to ſuffer
moſt of the Natives of Tyrone (the reft being put
over the River of the Bann) to follow Henry and
Con Mac Shane, and perchance many of them will
not quit them though the Traitor fhould return
and grow ftrong. But for all Events we have
fpoiled and mean to fpoil their Corn; and in re-
fpect of the Garrifons, and of the Blackwater,
their Creaghts can hardly return but they will
be ſtill at our Command. If they fhould prove
falfe we have good Bridles upon them, and at any
Time their Followers, upon leave to dwell in Ty-
N 3
rone,
200
MORYSON'S History Book III.
1
rone, will eafily forfake them. Theſe Followers
feem to defire nothing more than to hold their
Land of the Queen without any Dependency up-
on the 6 Neals. Howfoever, for the prefent, we
think good to hold them thus together, partly for
the Good of the Service, and to give theſe two
young Men fome Livelihood, who (with the reft)
being utterly rejected, might by fome defperate
Courfe much prolong the Wars and partly (we
muſt confeſs freely) out of human Commiferation,
having with our Eyes daily feen the lamentable
Eſtate of that Country, wherein we found every
where Men dead of Famine, infomuch that ô Ha-
gan protefted unto us, that between Tullogh Oge
and Toome there lay unburied a 1000 Dead, and
that fince our firft drawing this Year to Black-
water there were above 3000 tarved in Tyrone.
And fure the poor People of thoſe Parts never
yet had the Means to know God, or to acknow-
ledge any other Sovereign than the 6 Neals, which
makes me more commiferate them, and hope bet-
ter of them hereafter. When we have conferred
with the rest of the Counſel at Dublin, and are
better informed of the State of thofe Parts, we
will again prefume to write to your Lordships.
In the mean Time we haften thither, finding here
all, both Subjects and others, as fully poffeffed of
the Spaniards coming as if they were already ar-
rived: The like Opinion (as we hear) is generally
over all Ireland, upon what Ground we know not,
for we have not heard any fuch fubftantial Intel-
ligence, excepting the Bruit advertiſed by the
Lord Prefident, and a general Bruit brought hi-
ther by all Shipping of huge Preparations in Spain,
and whether it be Defire or Fear that makes this
Report believed, it is ftrange to fee how gene-
rally and ftrongly it is apprehended. We must re-
new our former Motion to your Lordships, that
if the Spaniards do land here, we may ſpeedily
be
Chap. I, of IRELAND.
201
be fupplied with Munition, Artillery, and all
Things elfe that we have written for, or that
your Lordships in your Wiſdoms fhall find to be
needful for us, who can best judge what will be
fit for an Action of fo great Confequence. And
for that we ſhall be neceffarily enforced, where-
foever they happen to arrive, to draw all the
Forces of the Kingdom together to make Head
againſt them, by which means thefe Northern Parts
(eſpecially) being left bare, fuch as have moſt
readily and with beft Arguments of fincere Mean-
ing fubmitted themſelves to her Majefty's Mercy,
with Intent to live dutifully as becometh Subjects,
will be left again to the Tyranny of the Arch-
rebel for Want of Defence. We beseech your
Lordships to confider whether it were not more
profitable for her Majefty (though for the preſent
fomewhat the more chargeable) to enable us to make
the War upon the Spaniards, and yet to go on
too with this Profecution in fome Mea-
fure, than for lack of a convenient Force to be
kept on Foot to loſe the Benefit of our Travel
all this Summer and the Charge her Majefty hath
been at in planting Garrifons, which being kept,
would fo bridle all theſe Countries, as they fhould
neither have any Benefit of the Spaniards landing,
nor the Spaniard any Ufe of them nor of their
Victuals, all their Countries being commanded by
fome of the Garrifons that would keep them from
ftirring to join with others for Fear of lofing all
their own at Home. It is true, that by the put-
ting of new Men hither when we fhall have drawn
out the old against the Spanish Army, (which will
be a Work of moft Neceffity,) it cannot be ex-
pected that the Service of thoſe new Men will
work fuch Effect as the old Bands would, yet
may it be hoped the Effect will be fufficient to
keep the Irish from joining with the Spaniard,
feeing for the moft they fhall live in Garrifons,
№ 4
and
202
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
and fhall not need to be drawn into the Field,
unleſs only for fome fhort Journey which will not
laft above two or three Days at a Time. And if
her Majesty be not pleaſed to like of this Motion,
or feem unwilling to disfurniſh herſelf of fo many
Men and Arms, we humbly leave it to your Lord-
fhips to confider, whether it would not be fit for
that Purpoſe to entertain 2 or 3000 Scots, which
we think might readily be fent over to Loughfoyle
or Carrickfergus, and being inland Scots, and not
Irish Scots, and good Security had to ferve her
Majefty faithfully, they would in all Likelihood
better endure the Winter's Hardneſs, and, haply,
be found fitter for any Service than fuch new
Men as come ufually from England, which yet we
move no further than as a Remembrance, becauſe
we perceived the laft Year fuch a Matter was
thought upon. If the Spaniards come not, we
doubt not but to give your Lordships a very good
Account of all Things here to her Majefty's
Liking, yet muft we defire the fpeedy fending
over of the Victuals contracted for, that thould
have come in July and August laft, but no Part
yet landed that we hear of; for without thofe
Victuals thefe Garrifons will be unfurniſhed which
depend wholly thereupon. And we are further
to move your Lordships to caufe to be ſent over
a very great Proportion of Salt and Bread; for
by Prey-Beeves gotten from the Rebels, and good
Numbers had of the Protectees, whom we have
cauſed to furniſh us for our Money, we have uſed
a great Kind of fparing of the Victuals in the
Store, excepting Bread only. And we doubt not
but many, of the Garrifons will be able to help
themſelves many Times with Beeves, fo as they
may have Salt to powder them while the Seafon
lafts, and will not need to take from the Victual-
lers any Thing but Bread, which now they will
not
Chap, I.
203
of IRELAND,
not deliver them alone unleſs they be fo directed.
from your Lordships.
The fame 12th Day of September his Lordship wrote
from the Newry this following Letter to Mafter
Secretary in England.
SIR,
You
OU will underſtand by our Letters to my
Lords how hitherto we have beftowed our
Time. Being returned back to the Newry I find
all the World ſtrangely poffeffed of the coming
of the Spaniards, although I cannot learn of any
afſured Ground they have thereof. Upon the ge-
neral Concurrence from all Parts of fuch Bruits
I did employ two as likely Inftruments as any are
to know the Truth, and to learn what Affurance
Tyrone himſelf had from Spain. They undertook
upon their Lives, that all the Intelligence he
hath received of Succours is only by Letters out
of the Pale. Tyrone hath many Ways made im-
portunate Means to be received to Mercy; but I
did ſtill reject him, and publiſhed it, that her Ma-
jefty had commanded me not to hearken unto him,
yet ſtill he continued to urge me to become a Suitor
to the Queen for him. It is true, I have been ever
loth to negotiate with him any otherwife than
with my Sword, becauſe I find it dangerous for
myfelf, confidering the Queen's Refolution; but
upon the receipt of my Lord Prefident's Letter
of a new Spanish Invafion I adventured thus far
to entertain his Motions, that if he would fwear
to fubmit himſelf abfolutely to her Majefty's Mer-
cy, (if it ſhould pleaſe her to receive him,) what-
foever Succour he fhould receive in the mean
Time, I would only undertake to become an hum-
ble Suitor unto her Majefty for him, fo that, not-
withſtanding, till I knew her Pleaſure I would
not defift in my Profecution. This Day he ſent
one
:
204
MORYSON'S History Book III.
+5
one to me agreeing to fo much, but withal pro-
pounding certain Articles that he defired fhould
be granted; whereupon, mifliking that he fhould
in any wife capitulate, I commanded his Meffen-
ger preſently to depart, and forbad him to fend
any more to me, and to cut off all Hope to his
Party, I have directed all the Garriſons anew to
proclaim his Head, and the like to be done in the
Creaghts of ſuch as are become Subjects. In the
mean Time N. N. out of his own Head, and by
that general Authority that is given to all Com-
manders to parley with Rebels, hath ſpoken with
Tyrone to the Effect of his own Letter, which
even now I received, and ſuch as it is I fend
it you. I proteft before the Eternal God it was
without my Privity; but I must bear with him
for greater Faults than this; for he and all the
Irish are very irregular, though he be fit enough
for the Charge I have given him, which is only
of Irish Companies, in a Garrifon which of all
other I can worst victual, and they will make beft
Shift for themſelves, and greateſt Spoil upon the
Enemy. I have commanded him to meddle no
more with Tyrone, for if I fhould think it fit, I
would employ one better inftructed for that Pur-
pofe. It is true, Sir, that for many reſpects I
have been fearful to deliver freely my Opinion
what Courſe I think fit to be taken with Tyrone,
and fo am I now; but if it fhall pleaſe her Ma-
jeſty to truft me with the Authority to hearken
unto him, I would never uſe it but when I fhould
be fure to give her a very good Account of my
Proceedings therein; for the lower he is brought,
the more it will be for the Queen's Honour to
thew him Mercy, and it is thought he might be
made an excellent Inftrument if Spain continue
their Purpoſes for this Kingdom. If the Queen
be refolved never to receive him, it is most neceffa-
ry that Ulfter fhould prefently be made a Provincial
Government;
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
205
i
Government; for this People feem to thirst for Ju-
ftice, and by that Means the Dependency upon the
Neals will be foon extinguifhed. If the Queen be
loth to augment her Charge, I think it were much
better that the Inftitution of Connaught were difcon-
tinued, and the like Officers to be transferred
hither. It is true, that in all Ireland, for the
Good of the general Service, there is no Place fo
fit for the Deputy to be refident as at Athlone; and
if he were there, Connaught would little need a
Governor. I have here but little Time and much
to do, and therefore I cannot write to you of all
Things fo largely as I would, the which I pur-
poſe to do when I come to Dublin; only of this
I pray you, Sir, refolve me by your next; We have
here the worst Intelligence of any Inftruments
that any Prince in Christendom doth employ in fo
weighty a Bufinefs; I do know fome that I do
think were fit to be employed both in Spain and
about the Traitor here, yet though I know my
felf to be honeſt, they may prove Knaves. If
the Queen be fo confident of my Faith, that fhe
will be pleaſed to make the beft Interpretations of
what I fhall do therein, I fhould be able to do her
perchance fome good Service, and give myſelf
greater Light of all Things than now I have; but
if the miflike it, I will only lay about me with
my Sword, though it be in the Dark. It is not
a Letter, nor a reaſonable Book, that can deliver
all fuch Conceits of mine as I think neceffary to
let
you know of this Kingdom, wherefore I de-
fpair to do it till I may have the Happineſs to fee
you. If I had any Čertainty that the Fear of
Spain were paft I would make a great Diminution
of the Lift, wherefore I pray you, Sir, if you
have in England any Affurance thereof, let mẹ
know it as foon as you can; but here we look
for them every Hour, and (they fay) in the Pale it
is beld as fure as if they were already come. If
"
you
206
MORYSON'S History Book III.
you fhew the inclofed Letter, I pray you put
your Finger on the latter Part, or blot it out;
and yet, if I thought the Queen would not be
angry, I would give the Lady leave to come to
her Brother, for I am loth to make War with
Women, eſpecially fince fhe is now great with
Child.
The fame 12th Day of September, his Lordship
wrote from the Newry to Sir Oliver Lambert,
Governor of Connaught this following Letter.
SIR,
YES
ESTERDAY at my coming to this Town,
your Meffenger delivered me your Letters,
containing a Relation of your Proceedings, fince
your going to the Abby of Boyle, where and in
your Return thence, I perceive you have had
fome Knocking on both Sides, and the Rebels
being fo many as you note, I have good Cauſe to
be glad you fped fo well, and parted with fo good
Reputation to our Side, and fo little Lofs with-
al, which I doubt not proceeded chiefly from
your good Command and managing of that Bu-
finefs, for which I may not omit to yield you ma-
ny Thanks, neither will I be fparing to teftify fo
much, where it may moft redound to your due
and well deferved Commendation. Yet muft I
withal note, that it fomewhat grieves me, to ob-
ſerve lo great an Alteration in thoſe that of late
feemed defirous (or at least not unwilling) to re-
ceive her Majeſty's Mercy, for that I have fome
Reaſon to be doubtful, that this fudden Change
proccedeth not altogether out of a certain Ex-
pectation of Spanish Succours, but out of fome
Opinion they have conceived, of a Purpoſe you
have to difpoffefs the principal Men of their Lands
and Livings, and to get the fame into her Maje-
fty's Hands, by Indictments and Offices to be
found thercof; and if they once entertain fuch a
Con-
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
207
Conceit, they will affuredly put up all to any Ha-
zard, and to their uttermoft Means fhun to be re-
claimed, which I must acknowledge to you, I do
the rather doubt, in that Tybot ne Long hath grie-
vously complained to me, of the Committal of
his Coufin Davy Bourke, and fome hard Ufage to-
wards himſelf, for which he feems fearful to come
to you, and therefore defires my Licence to go
for England, which I have now fent him, with
this Purpoſe, to give him Contentment as much
as may be, and yet when he comes to me, Imcan
to ſchool him, and fo I hope to hold him in good
Terms, for fo at this time eſpecially it doth be-
hove us, to bring our great Work to the better
Conclufion. I make no queſtion, but that both
he, and ô Connor Sligo, and the reft of them, do
all fomewhat juggle and play on both Hands, to
ferve their own Turns, and therefore truly deferve
the lefs Favour, for they fo do here for the moſt
Part, and yet I wink at it.
But fince it behoveth us fo greatly to draw the
War to an end, to eafe her Majefty of that ex-
ceeding Charge and Confumption of Men and
Arms, which her Majefty and the State of Eng-
land are grown very weary of, and indeed unwil-
ling to continue much longer. We that are here
imployed as chief Inftruments, to effect what fo
earneſtly is defired, muſt bear more for our Coun-
tries good, than our own Natures can well en-
dure, and therefore let me adviſe you, with much
earneſtneſs to apply your felf unto it, as the only
and fole Means to make our Doings acceptable in
England, where we muſt be cenfured, and by your
next let me know certainly I pray you, whether
you have done any thing already for the intituling
of her Majeſty to any of their Lands in that Pro-
vince, or whether you have any Way attempted
it, or given them Cauſe to ſuſpect it. I fhall be
well fatisfied with your Anfwer, preſuming that
you
208
MORYSON'S History Book III.
you will do it fincerely, yet if any fuch thing be, I
pray you proceed no further in it, but labour by
all Means to win them, both becauſe I know it
to be her Majeſty's Pleaſure, and that the Multi-
tude of Subjects is the Glory of a Prince, and fo
every Way it is fitteſt to reclaim rather than de-
ftroy them, if by any good Means it might be
wrought. Connor Sligo (as you know) was re-
ftrained of his Liberty by the Rebels, and that (I
think) upon a Letter I fent unto him, ſo that he
hath a juft Pretence for his ftanding out fo long,
and for any Action into which he fhall enter,
neither ſhall we be able to difprove his Allegations,
though perhaps himſelf be not innocent, neither
at the Beginning, nor now. You muſt therefore
be content to think, that what he doth, is by
Compulfion, though indeed you do not think fo
for fome Reafons apparent to your felf: Your
Stone Work at Galway about the Bulworks will
I fear prove chargeable, and very long; yet can
I do no more than recommend it to your good
Husbandry and Diſcretion, who may beft judge
what is fitteft. Tyrone is not yet gone over the
Earne, but lies between that and Ruske, where I
have planted a Garrifon, and another at the Agher,
hard by the Clogher, which lie both very fitly to
do Service upon him. To the former all the Gar-
rifons near the Blackwater, and that at Mountjoy
and Monaghan may fitly draw upon all Occafions,
and fo I have left Order with Sir Arthur Chiche-
fter, who hath the chief Care of all: And to the
latter and to Omy, (which is but twelve Miles
from it) Sir Henry Dockwra hath promiſed me to
put up moſt of the Forces of Loughfoyle, and to
lie thereabout himſelf. To Eniskillin or there-
about, Sir Henry Folliot hath Direction to draw
his whole Force, leaving a Ward only at Balli-
Shannon and Beleeke, which is already done, but
he hath not his Boats yet from you, which is a
great
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
209
great Hindrance unto him, and therefore I pray
you ſend them with all ſpeed poffible, if they be
not gone already. Touching your Motion for
Mafter Attorney, I now return to Dublin, where
if he cauſe it to be moved at the Table, I will
with the reſt yield to any thing that is fit. In
the mean time you may ufe the chief Juftice in
thoſe Bufineffes, who hath Allowance for his Diet,
and is of great Experience and Continuance in
that Province, fo as thereby he may beſt know
every Man's Difpofition. I pray you let me hear
from you again with as much ſpeed as you can,
touching the State of that Province under your
Government. And fo hoping, for all theſe late
Bruits, that we fhall not this Year be troubled by
the Spaniards, or if we be, that their Number
fhall be fmall, (for fo Mafter Secretary hath con-
fidently written to me out of England,) I com
comend me right heartily to you.
From the Newry this 12th
of September, 1602.
The Lord Deputy being arrived at Dublin, and
this Summer's Service ended, fince the compo-
fing of the Irish Troubles was henceforward to
be wrought by the Garrifons planted in all Parts
upon the Rebels, and the fettling of the State to
be managed by Counſellors, Sir Henry Davers,
Serjeant Major of the Army, was the rather in-
duced by the Neceffity of his private Affairs, to
diſcontinue his Service in Ireland. Whereupon
his Place of Serjeant Major being void, was con-
ferred upon Sir Arthur Chichester. And becauſe
Sir Richard Moryfon had a Pretence to the Place
by former Hopes given him from the Lord De-
puty, his Lordſhip to give him Contentment, rai-
fed his Company of Foot, reduced lately in a ge-
neral
1
210
MORYSON'S History Book III.
neral Cash to 150, to the former Number of
200.
The 27th of September the Lord Deputy at Dub-
lin received from the Lords in England this
following Letter, directed to his Lordship and the
Council of Ireland.
After our hearty Commendations to your good Lord-
Ship, and the rest of the Council there.
HEREAS your Lordship in your late
W Letters of the 29th of the last July, doth
advertiſe us of a great Abuſe crept in amongst the
Minifters of the Victuals in that Realm, namely
that you cannot know from any of them, when
the Victuals arrive in any Port, nor whether it
be of an old Contract or a new, nor whether it be
for her Majefty or themſelves, and by that Means
you can never find how you are provided for,
nor what you may further expect, and (which is
worfe) that the Rebels do get of the beſt Victu-
als that are ſent thither, and you cannot call the
"Victualler to account thereof, becauſe he affirms
ftifly that he is warranted by us to fell it for his
Benefit, and fo as he fell it to the Subject (how
ill foever affected) it is no Fault of his, if the
Rebels afterwards get it. Upon this Informati-
on from your Lordship, we have not only called
all the Victuallers to account how this great A-
bufe is committed, but have peruſed our former
Order taken this time two Years, when we con-
tracted with them to appoint Commiffaries there,
for the keeping and iffuing of Victuals, by whofe
Default (being their Minifters) it ſhould ſeem
theſe lewd Parts are play'd. Therefore for your
Lordship's Satisfaction in the firft Point, the An-
fwer of Jolles and Cockain will fuffice, who do ab-
folutely affirm, that they fent no other Victuals
thither
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
211
thither than fuch as by Contract they were tied
to fend. And though they fend often a greater
Proportion than will ferve to furnish any Con-
tract, yet that doth always appear unto us upon
the Certificates of the Invoys, and we that un-
dergo the principal Care of thofe Matters here,
have injoined them to have always a good Propor-
tion in ftore to ſerve upon all Occafions, where-
of they ſend (as they find convenient Shipping)
oftentimes a large Quantity beforehand, more
than by Contract they are bound unto. For if
they ſhould not make Proviſion before we con✩
tract with them, it would be hard for them to
perform the fame in fo fhort a time, and by fuch
Days as we muſt of Neceffity limit unto them,
upon Diverſity of Accidents and Demands from
you, and the Overplus doth always pafs into the
next Contract: But in that your Lordship doth
find Fault, that you can never be informed upon
what Contract the Victuals are provided, which
do arrive there, we must remember unto you the
Order we have always obſerved here, which will
eafily reconcile the Difficulties in this Matter.
First therefore, your Lordship is to call to mind,
that we here for the moſt Part, in the making of
our Contracts, both for the Quantity of the Vic-
tuals, the time to have it there, and the Places of
unlading the fame, are directed by fuch Letters
as we receive from your Lordship, and you of the
Council, and by fuch Certificates as are fent us
from the Surveyor of the Victuals from thence,
which Surveyor ordinarily hath certified unto us
the Quantities that arrive there. Then fo foon
as any Contract is made with the Undertakers,
we fend an Abſtract thereof unto your Lordship,
both of the ſeveral Kinds, and for how many
Men, and for what time the fame is provided, and
to what Place the fame is to be tranfported. By
which your Lordſhip may know what you are to
VOL. II.
expect,
O
212
MORYSON'S History Book III.
expect, and for more Affurance, we have required
of your Lordship by divers Letters to appoint cer-
tain diſcreet Perfons at the Ports, where the fame
is to be landed and unladen, to fee and viſit thoſe
Victuals, and to take Knowledge both of the
Quantities, Kinds, and Goodneſs, and that (with
good Ufage) the fame is likely to continue the
Space of five Months from the landing thereof,
which Direction if it were duly obferved and
performed, your Lordship needed no other Certi-
ficate to fatisfy you in all refpects. And we have
ufually received from Mafter Newcomen, the Sur-
veyor of the Victuals, very exact Certificates of
the Quantities of Victuals that arrive there, as
alfo of the Goodneſs, and upon what Contract
they were fent: For until the Contract be full,
all the Victuals fent thither are to fatisfy the fanie,
and if there be any Overplus, it is referved for
the next Contract. For the Undertakers abſo-
lutely deny the fending of any Victuals thither,
but fuch as is to ferve the Soldier, and to per-
form the Contracts, fo as all the Victuals are to
be accounted for her Majefty's Provition. There-
fore it were far eaſier for your Lordſhip, to have
the like Certificate there. Thus as we have re-
membred unto you the Directions we have given
unto your Lordship: So we have thought good
to acquaint you with the rest of the Courfe we
hold here, which you fhall underſtand to be in
this Manner: Upon every Contract we make, we
give the Victuallers an Impreft beforehand, to
provide thoſe Victuals they contract for: But the
whole Sum that they are to have by that Agree-
ment they never receive until they do produce
true Certificates from the Officers of the Ports,
that the full Proportions which they are tied to
contract and provide, is laden on Ship-board, and
ready to be tranfported of good and well condi-
tioned Victuals, according to the Contract. And
there-
Chap. I.
213
of IRELAND.
therefore if your Lordship will be as ftrict to call
for the Certificates of the unlading there, as we
do cauſe the Invoy to be peruſed, there can be no
Abuſe in that Cafe, confidering all the Victuals
ſent thither cometh to the Magazines, and how
much foever it is, all is for the Ufe of the Sol
dier. For the other Point your Lordship doth
complain of, that the Minifters there do fell the
Victuals, and their peremptory untrue and re-
ſpectless Anſwers unto you: It is the Defire of
the Victuallers (as this Information is general) that
your Lordship will not only be informed of the
particular Abuſes committed by any Officer or
Commiffary there, but to take a fevere Courſe to
fee them exemplarily punished. For we have gi-
ven no other Licence for the felling of Victuals,
than your Lordship hath been acquainted withal,
in the Contracts made with the Victuallers in
Auguft was two Years, which was in thefe Words:
And becauſe it is not poffible in fo great a Maſs
of Provifions, with all the Care that may be uſed.
by reaſon of tranſporting and toffing them to and
fro, but fome will perish, and decay. In this
Cafe their Lordships are pleaſed, that the forefaid
Commiffaries deputed now by the Merchants, fhall
be permitted to utter and fell to the Poor in the
Market Towns where they refide, and near unto
them, ſuch Victuals as are decayable, and unfit
to be uttered to the Soldier. And by the In-
ftructions given to the Commiffaries, there is a
Claufe, whereby they are reſtrained: That if there
fhall fall out any Waſte in the Provifions, either
by Leak, Moiſture, or other Caſualty and Acci-
dent, by Tranſportation by Land or by Sea, or
by any unfit or inconvenient Rooms to place or
houſe the fame Victuals, then they are to acquaint
the chief Commander, Colonel, or Counſel there-
with, and procure fome fufficient Teftimony for
the manifefting of the Truth, and of the Quan-
O 2
tity,
214
MORYSON'S History Book III.
ger
tity, that is decayed, furprized by any Ambuſh of
the Enemy, or by Fire, or other inevitable Dan-
become unfit to be uſed, that it may appear,
that happened not by their Negligence and De-
fault, the which being certified, her Majefty in
that cafe to bear the Lofs and Wafte thereof.
Therefore we marvel your Lordſhip would indure
fo infolent an Anſwer to be made by inferior Of-
ficers, knowing we always do fend your Lord-
fhip the Copies of thofe Agreements and Articles
we make with any Victualler. And in this Article
this Confideration only did lead us, that if by
long keeping, often removing, or other Cafualty,
the Victuals fhall not be fit for the Soldier, then
your Lordship or the Provincial Governor, or
fuch as you fhall appoint, being acquainted there-
withal, we thought it more fit, (and now do ſo,
and not otherwife) that the fame may be fold to
the Poor in the next Markets, than that the Loſs
fhould light on her Majefty. Nevertheleſs in
thofe Cafes, we refer it to your Lordship's Judg-
ment and Diſcretion, whom her Majefty doth
truft with fo great a Government, to order them
as you fhall fee Caufe. To conclude therefore, if
that Caution we took for the Good of the Sol-
dier, (that no evil Victuals fhould be thruft upon
him,) fhall be abuſed and perverted to fupply the
Need of the Rebels, and the Soldier the worſe
ferved, we think this Matter worthy of ſtrict
Examination and as fevere Punishment, as may be
inflicted upon Offenders in fo high a Degree,
which we earneſtly require may be done, and that
in all theſe and like Cafes, your Lordship will
confider, that we of her Majefty's Council here,
that are abfent from thence, do proceed general-
ly in theſe Matters, as reafon doth direct us, and
as we receiveLight from you and the Council there:
But your Lordship, that doth know the State of
the Kingdom, and fee the particular Courſe and
Dif-
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
215
Difpofition of things there, and what is fit and
not fit, may eafily reform thofe Inconveniences
and Abuſes that happen, and are committed, and
inform us of thoſe Particulars that are not within
our Knowledge, that theſe Matters may be car-
ried with more perfect Order and Rule, for the
Good of the Soldier, whoſe Welfare is only in-
tended and fought herein, to her Majefty's ex-
ceffive Charge, and our great Trouble. This is
another great Abuſe, and though it be not per-
taining to this Matter, yet by reafon of late we
have diſcovered the fame to be very common, we
have thought good to inform your Lordship
thereof, and earnestly to pray you and the reft of
the Council, to give ftrict Order it may be avoid-
ed. The Matter is this, we find by divers Exa-
minations taken, that it is a common Practice,
that if any Serving-man, Country-fellow, or La-
bouring-man, happen to be maimed or grievouf-
ly hurt, by any Mifchance or Diſorder, if he be
in any of the Countries near to the Sea-fide, or
any Port where Shipping doth go for Ireland, he
will find Paffage there, and follow the Army in
fome Company or other, and do fuch Services as
he is able, and when he hath gotten fome Know,
ledge of the Country, and of the Captains and
chief Officers, then he procureth a Paffport from
fome Captain or other, or elfe he getteth his
Name to be inferted in fome general Paffport, as a
Man (by reaſon of Hurts received) unfit for Ser-
vice, and fo upon his coming over hither again,
he is recommended into the Country for a Penfi-
on, by which Means the Countries are burthened
with this kind of Men, and the poor Soldier,
that is indeed maimed in the Wars, is difappoint-
ed and hindered of that Penfion he ought to have.
This is to be reformed by two Means: First, that
Order be taken no maimed Men, that have re
ceived their Hurts in Service, be fent away in a
general
0 3
1
216
MORYSON'S History Book III.
1
general Pafs, becauſe the Statute doth require a
particular Certificate from their General, certify-
ing the Hurts and Maims the Soldier hath recei-
ved: Next the Remedy is, that no fuch Paffports
be given but by Subfcription of your Lordship,
the provincial Governors, or chief Colonels, un-
der whom he doth ferve, expreffing the Hurts
and Maims the Soldier hath received, and in what
Service, and under what Captain, and the Office
and Place he held in that Company. This by ge-
neral Direction being obferved, will avoid the
Number of counterfeit Soldiers, and give due
Way to the Relief of the maimed Soldier, wha
indeed without fuch particular Certificate, ought
not by the Statute to be relieved, and the Want
thereof hath been great Hindrance to many poor
Men. Therefore nothing doubting but your
Lordship will take Order herein accordingly, we
bid your Lordship heartily farewel.
From the Court at Oatelands,
the 29th Auguft, 1602.
The 8th of October, the Lord Deputy wrote
to the Lord Prefident of Munfter, that howfoever
by reaſon of Cormack's Eſcape, he could not for
the preſent ſpare the Horfe and the Foot which were
with him above the Munfter Lift, under the Com-
mand of Sir Samuel Bagnol, yet he would not
fail to fend to Horfe preſently into Connaught,
whither he purpoſed fhortly to take his Journey,
being now buſy about Preparation for the fame.
And further, his Lordship prayed him, to ſend a
good Proportion of Victuals from the Store in
Limrick by Water to Athlone, without which the
Forces could not be kept together in that Pro-
vince, and accordingly his Lordſhip gave Order,
that Boats fhould be ſent from Athlone to Limrick,
to fetch the fame. And whereas his Lordship
had
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
217
had written to the Sheriffs in Munster, to levy
certain Beeves for the Army, he prayed the Lord
Prefident to give them Affiftance, for taking them
up, and fending them into Connaught with all conve-
nient Speed.
The 15th of October, the Lord Deputy was ad-
vertiſed from the Lord Prefident, that Cormack
mac Dermot lately eſcaped, had made Suit to him
to be reconciled to the State, and that upon his An-
fwer, that if he would juftify himſelf to be inno-
cent, he ſhould have a juft Trial, or if he would
confefs his Faults, then he would be a Suitor to
the Lord Deputy for his Pardon, he the faid Cor-
mack had made Choice to fue for Pardon, rather
than to ftand to his Trial. And that in the mean
time all the Caſtles in his Country were poffeffed
for her Majefty, and his Followers difpofed under
other Lords upon good Affurance, befide the Fac-
tion which was nouriſhed against him among his
neareſt Kinſmen, which things made him unable
to do any Hurt, fo as if his Lordship had any Oc-
cafion to employ in Connaught the Forces which
were in Munster above the Lift of the Province,
his Lordship might difpofe of them at his Plea-
fure. Further, the Lord Prefident advertiſed,
that he underſtood by one James Black, lately come
out of Spain, that Donnel was dead there, and y
that this News was most certain.
The 20th of October, the Lord Deputy dif-
patched Capt. Blany from Dublin, with Commif-
fion to govern the Garrifons of Ruske and Monaghan,
(recalling Sir Chriftopher St. Laurence and Capt.
Efmond, from that Command, to repair to Dublin,
that his Lordship might hear and compofe the
Differences riſen between them.) He had further
Order to leave Capt. Atherton, to govern the
Fort of Mount-Norris, whereof he had formerly
the Command; likewiſe to put up good Store of
Victuals from the Newry to thofe Garrifons, and
Q4
{
218
MORYSON'S History Book III,
to deliver Letters to Sir Arthur Chichester, with
whom he was to concur in the intended Services
for thofe Parts. He was directed to know from
Mac Mahown his refolute Anfwer, whether he
would fubmit himſelf upon the Conditions fent
unto him, and if he refuſed them, then to give
him no further time of Protection, but to profes
cute him preſently by all Means. To give a Con-
nor Roe mac Guyre his beft Affiftance, to eſtabliſh
him in his Country, and for the other Mac Guyre
in Rebellion, not to accept any Submiffion from
him, except he undertake fome extraordinary
good Service, becauſe he had lately abuſed the Fa-
vour, offered him by Sir Henry Folliot, Governor
of Ballifhannon. Laftly, whereas fome of Tyrone's
Captains offered to come from him, to ferve the
Queen, he was directed to entertain thoſe Offers,
and either to draw them from him, or to make
any uſe of thoſe Offers, and treating with them,
which he in his Difcretion fhould think fit.
The 31st of October, the Lord Deputy received
from her Majesty this following Letter, directed
to his Lordship, and the rest of the Council here.
Elizabeth Regina,
Right trufty and well-beloved, and trufly and well-
beloved, We greet you well,
W
E have been acquainted with your Dif-
patches to our Council of the 14th, and
to our Secretary Cecil of the 13th. In the firſt
whereof we have perceived the Succefs of your
laft Profecution, wherein as we have Caufe, fo
we do blefs God, that he hath fo profpered you and
our Forces under your Charge, as our Enemies
are not fo hafty to attempt us anew, or our Re,
bels able to interrupt your Proceedings; which
Letter
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
219
Letter being for the moſt part but a Journal, re-
quireth no other Anfwer but this, that we do
yield unto your felf, and to our faithful and lo-
ving Subjects that have affifted you, both Praiſe
and Thanks for your good, Service. And now be-
cauſe we know your Affection is fo well mixed
with underſtanding of the State we stand in,
both here and there, as you can well confider of
what Importance it is to us to eaſe our Kingdom
of thoſe great or rather infinite Charges, which
we have thus long ſuſtained, which ſtill continu-
ing in that Height, would take away the true
Feeling of our Victories, we have thought good
to deliver you our Pleaſure in that Behalf; for it
were almoſt as good for us to lack a great Part
of their Reduction, as to be driven to that Charge
in keeping them, which our Crown of England
cannot indure, without the extreme Diminution
of the Greatneſs and Felicity thereof, and Aliena
tion of our Peoples Minds from us, confidering
that for theſe only Rebellions in Ireland, we have
been forced to part with many of our ancient Pof-
feffions, which are Part of our Flowers of our
Crown, and to draw from our Subjects (a thing
contrary to our Nature) thofe great Payments,
which (but for the Hope they had, that the fame
fhould ferve to work their future Eafe and Re-
ſpiration) they would not fo willingly have
born, nor we fo justly could have impofed upon
them. In all which Confiderations, though it is
true, that the Authority and Direction may be
expected from us, to whom Almighty God hath
only given the fupream Power, to warrant your
Proceedings in Matters of fuch Importance, yet
becauſe in this one Point of abating of our Forces
now, from the Proportion whereat they ſtand,
you had always in your own Judgment the cer-
tain Idea thereof, as a thing that you are refolved
to do, fo foon as the Expectation of the Spanish
Army was paffed over, we rather think (if you
have
220
Book III.
MORYSON'S Hiftory
1
have obferved the Judgment which you have made
by your laft Letter of the Improbability of their
coming in thoſe times with any Power,) that theſe
our Letters fhall ferve more to approve your Acti-
ons, or at the leaft your Refolutions, to abridge
all thoſe Charges, which were either meerly raiſed
in that only Expectation, or were only neceffary
to be tolerated, until you had planted thofe Gar-
rifons in this Profecution, than that you are now
to begin it; which if it be ſo, we do then com-
mand you to proceed with it with all poffible
Speed, both becauſe the Prefervation of our
Treaſure, and the very true Reaſons of State do
require it, and for that there is neither Appear-
ance of any foreign Army, neither are the Re-
bels (by your own Deſcription) of any Force to
make any dangerous Head against you. So as if
now our Charge fhould ftill continue, we know
not in what time it fhould be abated. To con-
clude therefore in that Point, We do refer
the Numbers, the Places, and Perfons, to be
ordered by you wholly, and by the Advice
of our Council there. And we will for the
preſent only lay before you in general, fome
things out of Square in that Kingdom, which
would be looked unto. Firſt, we find divers Of-
ficers and Minifters entertained, with many other
Charges, which are fuperfluous, whereof the
Error grows upon a Conceit that our Charges
are eaſy, in reſpect of the mixed Coin, whereof
your own Judgment can beft inform you, all
Circumftances confidered. We do alfo find lack
in the managing of divers Poffeffions, which are
won unto us, as well as in collecting and anfwer-
ing former Duties, all which would both by your
Diſcretion and your Authority be thought of,
and diftributed to Perfons, to order with time ac-
cording to their feveral Offices, to the Intent the
World may fee, the End of our Profecution is to
reform the Kingdom, to reviye
reviye Juſtice and Or-
der,
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
221
der, and not ſtill to fuffer thefe licentious Ex-
pences, or loofe Cofts, in many things, by many
inferior Perfons unremedied, although while the
Kingdom was invaded by a powerful Enemy, and
torn in Pieces with a domeftical Rebellion, we
know the time could not admit fuch Reformati-
ons, as may be uſed in greater Calms. And we
muſt ſay to you our Treaſurer, that when we re-
member your own Words, concerning the Point
of the Exchange in the firft Alteration of our
Coin, how you told us ftill, that in Continuance
of time every ſecond Iffue would fo recompence
the first Return, as the Exchange might well
enough be born, we little thought we ſhould have
feen fo many Bills fubfcribed with your own Hand
and your Miniſter's, to be paid here in Sterling.
For as it was not our Meaning, nor ever fhall be,
whenfoever in verbo Regio we publifh any thing,
to make it the Inftrument of Deceit; fo we ever
repoſed ſo much in your Judgment, as when you
fhould fee an Abufe, or a plain corrupt Traffick
made of that Liberty of Exchange, which we
only vouchfafed to erect for the Ufe of thofe,
that ſhould not make it a Trade, then you would
either have found the Means to diſcover their
Fraud, and fo wholly have rejected their Bills,
and puniſhed the Fault, or elfe (if you could not
have hit the very Bird of their Deceit in the Eye)
you would (taking it pro conceffo, that a Fault there
was) have taken fome fuch Exceptions againſt
them, as might have ſerved fo to have fufpended
you Allowance, as they fhould not have had from
you fo good Warrant to demand that juftly of us,
which is fo exceffive a Burden unto us, the rather
feeing Merchants fhould by all Conftitutions be-
ftow the Money they receive for Wares uttered,
in the natural Commodities of the Country, which
Impofition would have bridled them very much,
and is not unjuft, feeing it cannot be denied, but
that
222
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
t
that there are fome Commodities (as Hides, Tal-
low, Yarn, and many other things) whereon they
might have beftowed fome Money, and not have
made over fuch great Sums. Where you may
perceive, that to all thoſe which ferved the Army,
and for the Bills due to the Officers and Soldiers,
we have made no Difficulty, although we know
(if it were examined) that in their exchanging
over fo much Money as fome do, there is fome
indirect Dealing: We would not have you think
(whom we know to be honeſt, diligent and a fuffi-
cient Servant) that we do touch you in the leaſt
Degree with Lack of Sincerity, or Defire to do
us Service (for of both theſe we have great Rea-
fon to take gracious Recognition) but rather to
let you to know how fenfible we are of the Cla-
mour, how negligent your Deputies have been in
many Places to charge us here: How great Por-
tion of Treaſures is due by your Certificates, and
how neceſſary it is (feeing but by this Coin thofe
Expences cannot be born) that all fuperfluous
Charge be cut off, and this Matter of the Ex-
change corrected in fome Degree or other, before
(like a Canker) it confumes our Treaſure, which is
the Sinews of our Crown. We pray you there-
fore (as we do mean here to do with our Privy-
Council,) call to you fome three or four of that
Council, of the beſt Underſtanding, and think
among you of fome better Cautions for this Mat-
ter of Exchange; wherein, feeing we do ſee the
State of that Kingdom principally with your
Eyes, we fhall be contented to incline moft to
thoſe Courſes which you fhall find convenient,
And becauſe no Day goeth over our Head where-
in we are ſure there is not fome Increaſe to that
Load, we do hereby give you our Deputy Autho-
rity, without tarrying to advertiſe us of your
Opinion one Way or other, to publiſh a Procla
mation or Order, either for Toleration or Expla
nation
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
223
nation of the Form of our former Inftitutions,
which ſhall ſeem beft to you, with Confideration
of all due Circumftances, not doubting but you
ſhall find many things which were fit for us to
fuffer in the Beginning, which by Change of
Circumſtances may now be altered. And becauſe
in theſe Matters of Payments, which flow like
Blood out of the Veins, time is precious, if there
be any thing which you and that Council fhall
find fit to be done for Prevention of ſome Part
of this abundant Confumption, growing by the
Freedom of all Perfons to have the Exchange,
ſeeing the Diſtance of Place to be paffed by Sea
is fubject to Length and Uncertainty, we are
content provifionally to warrant your Proceedings
in any thing you do, or publish in our Name.
It remaineth now that we do fatisfy you our De-
puty, of fome other things contained in your pri-
vate Letters to the Secretary; Firft, for your
Doubt you may not uſe your beft Means to ex-
plore the Practices of Spain, and the inward Trea-
fons of the Rebel, becauſe your Miniſters may of-
ten prove unhoneft, we have no more to fay than
this, that if you confider, that we have trufted
you as abfolutely with that Kingdom, as ever we
did Deputy, you need make fmall Doubt of any
other Interpretation of your Actions in that Point
towards you; for whenfoever the greateſt Curio-
fity fhall cenſure our Actions, it ſhall never ap-
pear (where we fee Faith and Duty only inten-
tional in origine,) that we would be willing to
cenfure the Actions of our Minifters according to
the Succeſs. And therefore as we do leave Liber-
ty here in England to our Secretary of State, to
employ fuch Perfons as are likeft to diſcover Prac-
tices (though we allow not any immediate Trea-
ties or Correſpondencies with Subjects of other
Provinces, but where we are particularly acquaint-
ed with it,) fo do we give you Warrant by fuch
ordi-
224
MORYSON'S History Book III.
ordinary Means, as may be taken by Opportuni
ty of Perfons to pafs to and fro, under Colours
of Trade or Traffick to foreign Parts, to inform
your felf of the Enemies Preparations in fuch
things as belongs thereunto, that you may be able
from time to time to fashion your own prefent
Proceedings according to fuch Advertiſements as
may be brought you, feeing you may fometimes
receive them with more Expedition, and more
Freedom for things concerning that Realm, than
they can be uſually conveyed to our Minifters
here, from those whom they employ for our Ser-
vice, from whence you have ſeen what Judgment
we have made all this Year of their Diftraction
and Weakneſs, though we ftick not (in fome
Meaſure) to provide for you, though far fhort of
that which we must have done, if we had cre-
dited thofe Bruits which were brought into that
Kingdom, by fuch as we are perfuaded (if it
were well obferved) came out of Spain full of
Device and Practice to blow that abroad, which
they believed not.
Next concerning your Opinion for the order-
ing of fome provincial Governments, and making.
your Refidence at Athlone: For the Place we
know it is fituate very well, to anſwer all Services,
and (as things ftand) Ulfter hath need of good Di-
ftribution now, as much as Connaught, wherein as
we can very well like that you do prepare for Re
fidence in that Place, whereby the Limits of our
Pale may be enlarged, fo we with you, that both
in Ulfter and in Connaught, you do faſhion the
Commandment in fuch Sort, as one Governor
have not too much Country to rule; for where
Men are more abfolute than ordinary, they are
commonly apt to uſe things with lefs Care and
Moderation, fo as in that Matter we confefs to
you, that we had rather have many good Subjects
employed in many Places, than any one to manage
too
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
225
J
too much. For the Matter of Charge of your
Refidence (becauſe we know not what Charge
belongs unto it, to make the Place capable, nor
how it may ſtand with the State of the Town of
Dublin, which is a Port, and not to be over-
thrown, ſtanding ſo commodiouſly for Paffage out
of England,) we would have all Circumstances
well confidered, and then you fhall receive more
of our Direction.
Laſtly for Tyrone, we do fo much miflike to
give him any Grace, that hath been the only Au-
thor of ſo much Effufion of Blood, and the moſt
ungrateful Viper to us that raiſed him, and one
that hath fo often deceived us, both when he
hath craved his Pardon, and when he hath
received it of us, as when we confider how
much the World will impute to us of Weak-
nefs, to fhew Favour to him now, as if without
that we could not give an End to this Rebellion,
we ſtill remain determined, not to give him Grace
in any kind. And feeing it is unfafe for any
Prince to make all Faults appear venial, becaufe
every Offender will thereby become infolent, and
ſeeing in common Reaſon the cutting off fo ma-
ny Affociates, muft needs have left him a Body
without Limbs, and fo not worthy our refpect-
ing, we do very well allow of your late rejecting
him. For when we look on his Manner of ſeek-
ing Mercy at all times, we do ftill certainly con-
clude, that it is done upon fome Practice to ferve
fome preſent Turn, feeing one Day he only de-
fires fimple Mercy for his Life, and another Day
falls to capitulate, neither can we fee why fo
much depends upon his Reduction, when, for
ought we know, no Man can adviſe us, if he
fhould come in, and be at Liberty hereafter, out
of our Hands, how we could be fo affured of him,
but that ftill we must be in doubt of him, and at
the fame Charges we are at, to contain him and
his, notwithſtanding their former Reduction,
which
226
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
which if we muſt account to be at (whomſoever
or whatſoever we recover,) we fhall take ſmall
Contentment in that Victory, whereof the End
would be worſe than the Beginning. And there-
fore miſtake not this our Earneftnefs in this Point,
as if it proceeded from any Opinion, that you
have demeaned your felf otherwife than became
you in the Charge committed to you: For we
would have you know for your Comfort, that
we approve all the Courfes you have held, fince
you took the Sword in your whole Government,
to have been accompanied with Diligence, Wif-
dom, and good Succefles, and fo we accept the
fame at your Hands. For N. N. his Proceedings
with the Traitor, although we do not allow of
his Boldness to do fuch a thing without your Di-
rection, yet we have fo little Reafon, by the
Courſe of his Service, to doubt of his Affection,
as we do difpence with that Error, in which we
affure our felves he meant no Harm.
Given under our Signet, at
our Manor of Richmond,
the 9th of October, 1602,
in the 44th Year of our
Reign.
The first of November, Rory 6 Donnel (Brother
to ô Donnel lately dead in Spain, whom in the
Summer following you fhall fee created Earl of
Tyrconnel,) having made humble Suit to the Lord
Deputy for her Majefty's Mercy, and finding that
his Lordſhip made doubt of his true Meaning,
did by his Letters dated the tft of November ear-
neftly proteft, that he did defire from his Heart,
and had long defired to become a Subject, though
for the prefent he had the Command of all his
Brother's Forces, and had received Promiſe of
Help to be ſent this next Summer from Spain or
Rome.
1
Chap. Í.
227
of IRELAND.
Rome. And to obtain this Mercy he pleaded,
that his Brother went out upon his private Dif-
content against the Will of his Father and him-
felf, being enabled by Strangers to force them.
That his Grandfather, by Henry the VIIIth, for
his good Service to the Crown was Knighted,
and had his Country given him and his Heirs by
Letters Patents. That his Predeceffors had long
ferved the Crown againſt the 6 Neals. That him-
felf had often fought to become a Subject, and
for the fame had been impriſoned by his Brother,
with many Dangers of his Life. Laftly, that
now, as foon as he had made himſelf Maiter of
his Brother's Forces, he humbly offered to fub-
mit himſelf, and of late had fuffered the Gover-
nor of Connaught to pafs by him with the Queen's
Forces, left by fighting with them, he fhould in-
cenfe the State against himſelf and his People.
And touching Neal Garvey, whereas he had a
Grant of Part of his Brother's Lands, he offered
to prove, that he had fince that Grant agreed
with his Brother, to join with him against the
English Forces, as foon as the Spaniards fhould
arrive in Ireland, and be able to keep the Field.
Hereupon the Lord Deputy fent him her Maje-
fty's Protection by Capt. Gore, with Direction to
come unto his Lordship, fo foon as he should be
in Connaught, whether he intended fhortly to take
his Journey.
About this Time the Lord Deputy employed Sir
Garret Moore (of English Race) into the Brenny,
where all the Rebels fubmitted, and gladly received
her Majefty's Protection: Among them one of the
ô Reily's came with ioo Men, and Mac Gauron's
Sons with so Men and fome 1000 Cows from ở
Rourk, being the greateſt Strength he had. And
another of the ô Reily's, being refuſed Pardon, un-
dertook to bring in Mac Guire's Head, fo he might
have her Majeſty's Pardon, which mac Guire has abu-
VOL. II.
P
fed
228
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
fed her Majeſty's Protection, into which theGover-
nour of Ballifhanon had formerly received him.
At the fame Time Tyrone fent to the Lord Deputy,
by Sir Garret Moore, an abfolute Submiffion to
the Queen's Mercy, and wrote to the Lord Deputy,
that howsoever the fhewing of this Submiffion might
binder him from receiving the Aids he expected out
of Spain, yet he had fent it, in confidence that his
Lordship would deal honourably with him. This
Şubmiſſion was in thefe Words:
Right honourable Lord,
You
OUR worthy Endeavours in her Majeſty's
Service, and Proceſs of Time, have fuffici-
ently taught me how improvidently I have perfe-
vered in Action, whereas heretofore, upon my Sub-
miffion, I might have hoped her Majefty would
have received me to her Mercy, unto which Ac-
tion I was enforced for Safeguard of my Life only,
which was indirectly fought for by her Majefty's
Officers, as is known to fundry Perfons of Credit
here, and her Subjects; and that before I was
proclaimed Traitor I never fent Letters into Spain,
or received any from thence, though afterwards Í
was animated to continue in Action upon Hope of
Spanish Aid and Promife of many Confederates,
of both which being difappointed, my Eftate is
greatly decreaſed; and though I might perhaps
be able to hold out for a Time, yet am I weary
of the Courſe I held, and do much repent me of
the fame, moſt humbly and with a penitent Heart
defiring and withing to be reconciled to my
Prince, and to be received to her Majeſty's Mer-
cy, whom I am right forry I have fo much offended
and provoked; and yet I know that her Majesty's
Mercy is greater than mine Offences, the rather
that at the firft I did not wilfully oppofe my felf
againſt her Majefty, but for Safety of my Life
was
Chap. I.
229
of IRELAND.
was driven into Action as aforefaid; and for my
Continuance therein I fubmit myſelf to her Ma-
jefty's Mercy and Grace, acknowledging her Ma-
jefty alone to be my natural Prince, and myſelf
her unworthy Subject: But if her Highnefs will
vouchſafe, of her accuſtomed Grace, to grant not
only Pardon to me, my Kinfmen, and Fol-
lowers, and unto mine Adherents, in their own
Names, and upon their feveral Submiffions, but
alſo to reſtore me and them to our priftinate Blood
and Poffeffions, I will from henceforth both re-
nounce all other Princes for her, and ferve her
Highneſs the refidue of my Life, humbly requeſt-
ing, even of your Honour, now that you have
brought me fo low, to remember I am a Noble-
man, and to take Compaffion on me, that the O-
verthrow of my Houſe and Pofterity may be pre-
vented by your good Means and honourable Care
towards her Majefty for me, which with all Hu-
mility I defire and will accept: And for the better
doing hereof, if your Lordship do miſlike any of
the Articles which I did fend unto you, I pray
your Lordship to appoint either fome of the Pri-
vy-Council, or fome Gentleman of Worth to
confer with me; and your Lordſhip ſhall find me
conformable to reform them. The 12th of No-
vember, 1602.
Subſcribed,
Hugh Tyrone.
The 13th Day the Lord Deputy was advertiſed
that Capt. Tyrrel, upon a Mutiny between him and
the Rebels of Kerry, had left Munfter, and having
fome 600 Men with him, was coming back into
Leinster, and it was thought that Tyrone would
fend him to ô Rourk to aſſift him in the Defence
of his Country.
P 2
About
230
MORYSON'S History Book III.
About the 18th of November his Lordship began his
intended Journey into Connaught, and by the Way
this following Letter from Tyrone to ô Connor
Sligo, being intercepted, was sent to his Lord-
Ship.
We commend us unto you ô Connor Sligo,
WE
E have received your Letter, and as formerly
we have written unto you, we have re-
mained in Fermannagh well nigh this Quarter of
a Year, and have often written unto you, and to
ô Donnel's Son, and requeſted you to come and fee
us near Loughearne concerning our Counfels either
for Peace or War, and neither of you came thither
to meet us. We thought that you, and ô Donnel's
Son, and 6 Rourk, and o Connor Roe, and ourfelves,
as many of us as are of our Faction, would have
maintained War for a great Time, and to that
End we came to thefe Parts, and have forgone fo
many of our own People as have not riſen with us :
But feeing that a Rourk (if it be true) and ô Con-
nor have received Protection, and that every one
doth make Peace for himſelf, we may all eafily be
deemed Men broken and not fubftantial in War:
But concerning our Council and Advice which
you write for, our Advice unto you is neither
to make Peace nor Ceffation, but that Peace or
Ceffation which fhall be made by all our Confents
and Agreements; and if you do otherwiſe, ftand
to the Hazard yourſelves, for you ſhall not have
my Conſent thereunto.
Subſcribed,
$ Neal.
The
Chap. I.
231
of IRELAND.
The Lord Deputy took the forefaid Journey
into Connaught, as well to take Order with the
Rebels in Action, which had fent Meffengers to
Dublin in their Names to crave the Queen's
Mercy, as alfo to view the Town of Galloway,
and to confider how the Defcent of foreign Ene-
mies might beſt be prevented by building of a Fort
upon the Haven. Before his Lordship's coming,
Sir Oliver Lambert, the Governor, with the For-
ces under him, had made a Journey, wherein he
quite banished Mac William out of the County
Mayo. His Lordship, having made fome Stay in
the Pale, came to Athlone the 2d of December, and
lay in the Caſtle, being very ſtrong, and divided
from the Town by a Bridge over the River Shan-
non, where the Governor and the Council for that
Province made their Refidence.
Here, the 14th of December, ô Connor Sligo and
Rory ô Donnel (Brother to the Traitor o Donnel, late-
ly dead in Spain,) two Rebels of greateſt Power
in thoſe Parts, came to his Lordihip, and made
their humble Submiffion to her Majeſty. ô Con-
nor Sligo alledged many Things in his own Excufe,
as the Manner of a Donnel's taking him and keep-
ing him in Priſon, and fubmitted himſelf to her
Majefty's Mercy. Rory ô Donnel, albeit he had
under him all his Brother's Followers and Creaghts,
yet did he both ſimply and abſolutely fubmit him-
felf to her Majefty's Grace, without ftanding up-
on any Conditions, but fignifying his Readinefs
to deliver fuch Pledges as thould be demanded of
him, all fuch Caftles (as Ballymore, and others in
the County of Sligo) which he had gotten into
his Poffeffion, and to do any Thing that he might
receive her Majefty's Favour, alledging further,
that his Father and Grand-father had been true
Servitors, that he himſelf, with the privity of
Sir Conyers Clifford, then Governor, had refolved
to have ferved her Majesty against his Brother,
but
P 3
:
232
MORYSON'S History Book III.
but upon the Diſcovery of his Purpoſe he was
kept in Irons, (a Matter well known to be true,)
and now molt frankly offering his Service (if he
might be received) either here or beyond the Seas,
wherefoever her Majefty would be pleaſed to em-
ploy him, which Manner of Carriage, proceed-
ing from a Man of good Spirit, active, and wife,
induced the Lord Deputy to receive him, and did
in fome Sort move all the Council to pity his
Cafe that he did no fooner fubmit himself, and
the rather, becauſe they did foreſee how notable
an Inftrument he might be made to bridle the In-
folency of Sir Neal Garvey, (which was grown in-
tolerable,) of whom they thought he might be
the best Curb that could be deviſed: And there-
fore they refolved at their coming to Dublin to
fend for the faid Sir Neal and this Competitor,
and with the Advice of the rest of the Council,
feriouſly to confider how to provide for, and to
difpofe of them both, wherein albeit they pur-
poſed to give unto Sir Neal the Benefit of her
Majefty's gracious Promife, yet did they think it
a Thing very expedient for her Service, and
the fettling of Tyrconnel, that ſome competent
Portions in Tyrconnel fhould be allotted to this
Gentleman, in which Point they by Letters
humbly prayed the Lords in England to move her
facred Majefty to fend unto them her Highneſs's
Warrant for taking fuch a final Order between
them, as by the general Advice and Confent of
this Council fhould be thought fitteſt for her Ma-
jeſty's Service.
The Lord Deputy proceeding on his Journey
to Gallway kept his Christmas there, and in that
Town all the Rebels of that Province (the Fla-
berties, the Mac Dermots of the Courlewes, Connor
Roe, and divers others) fubmitted themſelves, and
were received, and fo for the prefent this Province
was brought to Quietness.
Only
Chap. I.
233
of IRELAND.
Only the proud, infolent, faithleſs Brian ô Rourk,
notwithſtanding his former humble Meffage fent
to the Lord Deputy touching his Defire to be
received to Mercy, abfented himſelf; and having
drawn unto him Tyrone's Mac Guire, (whom for
his deceitful and treacherous Dealing the Lord
Deputy had banished out of Fermannagh, and ex-
pofed to Proſecution,) and the Traitor Tyrrel,
lately come out of Munfter,) and trufting to the
Faftneſs of his Country, perfifted in his Rebelli-
on. And therefore, albeit his Lordfhip did fore-
fee the manifold Difficulties which must
grow in
his Proſecution, yet did he hold it very neceffary
to take the preſent Opportunity to ſcourge him
feveral Ways, before the Spring, and before his
foreign Hopes might give him any further En-
couragement: And for this End, as he had ap-
pointed a Proportion of Victuals and other
Neceffaries to be preſently brought from
Limrick to Athlone, fo now he refolved to
furnish Sir Oliver Lambert with an Army
to ſurpriſe his Country Leitrim, and to take
it into her Majefty's Hands. Sir Henry Folliot
alfo, with the Affiſtance of Rory ô Donnel, (who
already had done fome Service againſt ô Rourk,)
was appointed from Sligo and thofe Parts to enter
into his Country; and his Lordship intended pre-
ſently to raiſe a third Army, to be fent from the
Pale to annoy him, by which Courſe his Lord-
hip hoped this Rebel ſhould not be able long to
fubfift in his Pride and Contempt.
The Submiffion of the forefaid Rebels was made
by each of them in writing, and in theſe Words
following:
First, I do acknowledge Elizabeth by the Grace
of God Queen of England, France, and Ireland,
to be the only true, abfolute, and fovereign Lady
of this Realm of Ireland, and of every Part, and
of all the People thereof, unto whofe gracious
Mercy
P 4
234
MORYSON's History Book III.
Mercy I do humbly fubmit myſelf, my Lands,
and Goods, and withal faithful Repentance for
my unnatural Difobedience unto her royal Maje-
fty, do moft earneſtly implore her Mercy and Par-
don for myfelf and fuch of my Followers as with
me have been feduced to this wicked Rebellion.
Further, I do renounce all and any Manner of
Obedience unto any other Power or Potentate,
which I owe only to my faid dread Sovereign E-
lizabeth, and utterly abjure any Dependency and
Adherence to any of her Enemies whatfoever, or
difloyal Subjects, and do promife, fwear, and
vow, from henceforth, to live in her Subjection
in all Duty and Obedience, and to use my beſt
Endeavours, to the uttermoft of my Power, to
withſtand and confound any Enemy, either foreign
or domeftical, that fhall attempt any Thing againſt
the facred Perfon or Estate of her Majefty, or
to the Hurt of her faithful and obedient Subjects,
and eſpecially, and namely, I do renounce (as be-
fore) and promife my Endeavours (as aforefaid)
against the King of Spain, and the Arch-Traitor,
the Earl of Tyrone.
All this as I do upon my Salvation fwear to
perform fincerely; fo if I do herein break my
Oath, I do acknowledge myſelf not only to be
worthy of all Infamy and extreme Punishment,
but to be ever after accounted unworthy the
Name of a Chriftian, or the Society of Men, ta
the which, as I have unfeignedly fworn, fo I do
now in Witneſs hereof fet to my Hand.
In Christmas Holy-days his Lordship viewed the
Town of Gallway, and judging it a Place of great
Importance to be preferved from being poffeffed
by any foreign Enemy, he gave prefent Direction
to finish that Fort, the building whereof was
already begun in a Place well chofen, both to
command the Haven, and to defend the Town
from foreign Invafion.
During
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
235
During his Lordship's Abode in Gallway he received
this following Letter from the Lords in England.
After our right hearty Commendations to your good
Lordship,
HE
ER Majefty hath heard of your whole Let-
ter, brought by Sir Henry Davers, bearing
Date the 10th of November, in Anſwer to one of
her Majeſty's of the 9th of October, wherein you
do prevent (in fome Things) fuch Directions as
were digefted into a Difpatch ready to be figned
and fent you, as namely, in the Matter of Ex-
change for one Point, (and fo of fome others,)
wherein her Majefty having heard the Apology of
you the Treaſurer, being (as fhe is ever) ready to
interpret graciously thofe Actions which are well
meant, though they fucceed not always as is with-
ed, though he had given us Charge to write
much more particularly in that Matter, yet now
hath been pleaſed to command us only to let you
know Mafter Treaſurer, that (although you fhall
never need to excufe your Integrity, becauſe the
never doubted it,) yet fhe cannot free you and
your Minifters from fuch Overfights as have en-
creaſed the Burthen of this Exchange. For tho'
one Part of your Anſwer is, that new Things
must be fettled with plaufible Circumftances at
the Entry, yet theſe are her own Words, that
you ſhould not have thought it new (long ago)
to have stopped that Current, when you faw it
carried fo much contrary to the true Meaning of
the Proclamation, even now that the Inftitution
hath been on Foot almoft two Years, and that
fuch a Sum of Money is returned back again by
you when the Iffue of the new Coin hath been
no greater, feeing (that excepted which fpends in
the Lendings of the Army) a fmall Quantity hath
been
į
236
MORYSON'S History Book III.
been otherwiſe diſperſed in the Kingdom, ſo as
furely it may not be denied but many of thefe Bills
might have been kept from the Bank if your De-
puties had been as careful as they ought. For
although Captains, and Soldiers, and Merchants,
(carrying and delivering Neceffaries for the Army,)
were by her Majeſty's Inſtitution intended to be
relieved in their reaſonable and just Demands; yet
who could ever think that her Majeſty ever in-
tended that Merchants fhould have been fuffered to
fell thoſe Merchandize for 300l. there, which
coft them but 100l. here, and then turn that 3007.
upon the Exchange, or that Captains and Offi-
cers would make over four Times more Money
by one Bill than their whole Entertainment comes
to in a Year: And therefore, Forefight hereof (by
the Experience dearly bought) makes her Ma-
jefty now refolve, in her laft Order, that the will
not allow any Exchange but only to the Army
and fuch as do relieve the fame, and that fhe means
from henceforth fhall be justly anfwered, howfo-
ever it may be that fome feditious Perfons, mif-
liking that theſe unreaſonable Bills have been
looked into (and fo fome Sufpence of Payment
made,) may ſpeak fcandaloufly, either of the paſt
or future, when already there is delivered to your
Deputy Mafter Treaſurer 10 or 120007. and more
fhall follow after, towards the Diſcharge. And
now to come to that which follows, and doth re-
quire Expedition, your Lordſhip ſhall underſtand
that the Greatnefs of her Majefty's Army being
fuch as the cannot bear it up without extreme
Prejudice to her State and Kingdom, the hath
commanded us hereby to let you know that ſhe is
not fatisfied with this Abatement of 1000, but
doth command you with all poffible Expedition
to reduce the Army to 12000 Foot and 1000
Horſe, a Matter which the findeth good to do
in her Wiſdom, not only for the Neceffity of the
Expence,
'
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
237
Expence, but out of this Judgment, that fhe fhall
be fufficiently able to provide for the Defence a-
gainst foreign Power before the Storm fhall fall,
without which Occafion, confidering your own
Relation of the Weakneſs and defperate Eſtate of
the Rebel, with the Defire of the reft to come
from him, the perfuadeth herſelf that this Lift
(well compounded out of the Bands that are ca-
hiered) will be ſtrong enough againſt any Home
Rebellion, and fo much the rather, if you make
it as much English as you can, by ridding as many
of the Irish as you think meet, in all which, for
the Perfons and Places, the refers it wholly to
your own best Judgment. And now that we are
Ipeaking of the Army, we think it fit to remem-
ber unto you, that it is a great Error in the Offi-
cers of the Minifters of that Kingdom that the
Muſters (which is one of the principal Keys of
her Majesty's Charge) is no better ordered; the
Fraud whereof doth evidently appear, feeing that
Army which is kept upon fuch a height in Lift
and Payment, is known and confeffed (even by
the Captains themſelves) to be fo extremely de-
fective in their Numbers; for although we are
not ignorant that Multiplicity of Garriſons hinder
the Poffibility of exact Mufters, yet there is Dif
ference between tolerable Imperfections and thoſe
grofs Negligences which are uſed by the Mini-
fters of that Service, whereof the World is apt
fometimes to accuſe thoſe that thould (both here
and there) cenfure the Offenders, as thofe that
do commit the Faults unpunished: Herein we in-
treat your Lordship and that Counfel to make
our Cafe your own, and then to confider, whether
we can well diſcharge our Duties to her Majefty,
when (inTime of fo great anExpence) we are not able
to fhew her any Manner of Account of her Army
by any authentical Certificate more than every
Captain
238 MORYSON'S History Book III.
Captain or Paſſenger can relate unto us, no not
for the Expence of eight or ten Months Time;
In which Point of the Mufters we think it not
amiſs to ſay ſomething to you, what we conceive
concerning the Checque upon Apparel; Firft, the
Order fet down very carefully and at large for the
Manner of the Delivery and the Checque to bẹ
raiſed upon the Apparel is not obſerved, the due
Obfervation whereof would advantage the Checque
of the Apparel very much: For fuch Soldiers as
are fent from us thoroughly apparalled oftentimes
have Apparel there again (at the Time of their
Delivery) given them, eſpecially thofe that are
difperfed into Bands to fill them up, whereby we
fee her Majesty's double Charge, though fpecial
Warning hath been given thereof from hence;
And daily able Men are fuffered to come over hi-
ther, (as of late ten of thofe that were fet out of
the County of Lincoln in the late Levy,) and by
the Examination taken here lately it is proved, that
Money is given to procure them Paffports, and
none of thoſe Soldiers of the late Levies do ftand
her Majefty and the Country (before they arrive
there) in less than 6 1. a Man. The Order is not
obferved that hath been preſcribed, that no Sol-
dier ſhould be diſcharged but by Pafs from the
Lord Deputy, principal Governor, or chief Com-
manders for daily divers come over with Paffes
of their Captains, and divers are fent away to-
gether in one Pafs, (fometimes to the Number of
thirty,) and few of them maimed, and thoſe bring
no other Paffes than from the Mayor where they
are fet on Land here: In all which, and other
particular Duties though the Mufter-Mafter,
Comptroller, and fuch other Officers, may be
thought to be only refponfible in fuch Cafes
(wherewith they are trufted,) yet the Authority
which your Lordship hath, and the Means you
have
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
239
have to diſtinguiſh how and when Things of that
Nature may be in fome good Sort reformed, and
the Perſons offending therein being in your Eye
to behold both them and their doing, and in your
Power to rule and punish them as you find Cauſe,
doth impoſe upon you thus much, either to call
upon them and to chaſtiſe them, or elſe to deliver
your own Judgment, which when we fhall re-
ceive from you, and thereof inform her Majefty,
it would include your Care and ours to have it
otherwiſe, and would fatisfy the Expectation and
Difcourfe of this Time, when her Majeſty's Sub-
jects (being bitten with accidental Charges of
the Wars) begin now to think that much of that
which her Majefty impofeth here at Home is not
neceffary, but rather voluntary, or for lack of
Care and Providence in the Expence unprofitably
wafted, eſpecially now they hear of nothing but
Victories and Improbability of foreign Power,
and yet find no Difference between the prefent
State of her Majefty's Charge and that which
ſhe was at when there was a Spanish Army in that
Kingdom. We have alfo thought good to let
your Lordship know how great Confufion it
breeds in her Majefty's Expence, that thoſe of
her Counſel there (while your Lordship hath
been wholly converfant in military Cauſes) have
not called to their Anfwer, nor (according to their
Defert) have puniſhed fuch Commiffaries of Victu-
als there as have made private Gain to themſelves
by Sale of the Victual committed to their Charge,
without Warrant from us, or Direction from the
Purveyors here (their Superiors,) whereof from
you we have received both Advertiſement and
Miflike. But eſpecially for that you of the Coun-
fel there have never called upon nor ftrictly
charged the Commiffaries to bring in their Ac-
counts, infomuch as there remaineth yet unac-
counted for (for any thing we know) the whole
Charge
240
MORYSON'S History Book III.
Charge of thofe Victuals which we have carefully
fent over, and whereof we have received Certificate
of the fafe Arrival, for the Space of almoſt two
Years, of which Mafs (if the fame be reckoned)
your Lordſhip ſhall find it little lefs than the Va-
lue of 160000l. whereof your Lordship may thus
conclude, that either the Sums defalked are great
(which remain in the Treaſurers Hands,) or elſe
the remain in Specie is fo great with the Com-
miffaries as her Majefty might have fpared the Pro-
vifions lately fent over, by which the Treaſure
hath been fo mightily exhaufted; or elfe the
Waſtes muſt be fuch, as are not only to be re-
jected in the Accounts, but the Authors thereof
feverely to be punished; a Matter wherein we
write the more earnestly to your Lordship, (from
whom we would have all Exception taken that
we affure ourſelves you deferve not,) becauſe we
hear that a great Part of the Wafte fhall be ex-
cufed, fometimes by the avowing that it hath been
caft on their Hands becauſe the Soldier hath not
been enjoined to take it, and that fome other Time
they have been commanded to remove it and car-
ry it from Place to Place, by which they pretend
great Lofs; and (which of all Things is moft
fubject to Sufpicion in them) that it is taken for
a good Warrant in Ireland to allow of any Waftes,
for which a Commiffary can produce a Certificate
from a poor Mayor, Sovereign, or Bailiff of a
Town or Port, which how eafily it is obtained
your Lordship's own Wiſdom can beft judge, who
are fo well acquainted with the Poverty and Con-
dition of that Place. Further, becauſe no one
Thing is more heavy to the Queen and the Realm
than the Matter of victualling (wherein it is no
Way poffible for us to do more here,) and that we
perceive by your Letter of the 22d of September,
amongſt other Things, that your Lordship is not
well fatisfied in divers Things concerning the
Victuals,
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
241
Victuals, we think it not amifs to handle fome
particular Points of that Matter, which we wish
all thofe of the Council (and all other intereſted
in the Care of thoſe Things) may well underſtand,
becauſe you may the better (another Time) an-
fwer thoſe Arguments with which they feek to
fatisfy you, when in Truth (if they examine them-
felves) whatſoever they lack, it proceedeth most
from their own Default: Firft, whereas in the
Letter aforefaid you note how flowly fuch Victu-
als do arrive there, as have been provided here
upon Requeſt made by your Lordship, we anſwer,
that Newcomen (whom you fent over) is able to
give you Satisfaction, that preſently upon his
coming over hither, and perufal of your Lord-
fhip's Demands, there was no Delay ufed by us to
fatisfy you in fuch Sort as might be to your Lord-
fhip's Contentment, and to ferve the Army and
Garriſons, and (becauſe Newcomen was not only
made privy, but did both think the Pro-
vifion appointed to be fufficient to anſwer your
Lordship's Defire and the Ufe of the Army and
Garriſons, and is one of the Undertakers for thoſe
Provifions of Victuals) he is much to blame if he
have not particularly diſcharged that Truft. True
it is that we conceive you have Cauſe to marvel,
that in ſo great Diftance of Time fo fmall Quan-
tity of fo great a Mafs as was provided hath ar-
rived there, which if it hath happened by contra-
riety of Winds only, then must your Lordship be
fatisfied and we excufed. But howfoever it be,
by the Copy of the Contracts fent unto your
Lordship by us, with the Charge the Victuals
did amount unto, we doubt not but you reft
thoroughly fatisfied of our Care, and leave us
rather Cauſe to fufpect that our former Letters
written to your Lordship concerning the victu-
alling Caufes have not come to your Hands, of
that the Contents of them are out of your Re-
membrance:
1
242
MORYSON'S History Book III.
membrance: For in them, namely, that of the
4th of August laft, we did not only fend your
Lordſhip (as formerly we did of all the reft) a
Copy of the Contract made by the Victuallers,
but did fatisfy you in divers Things whereof we
do find you do complain, which by our former
Letters we delivered and fignified at large, and
we both remember well the things you noted and
the Courſe we held for your Satisfaction: To
which we add nothing more, but do repeat unto
you that we then did fay in that Point, that we
find it a great Fault in the Commiffaries of the
Victuals there that they do never inform you of
the Arrival of Victuals in thofe Parts, nor upon what
Contract they are provided, which would well
become both the Commiffary and Surveyor of
the Victuals; for by many Letters fent from him
to us we are particularly certified both of the
Victuals that arrive there and upon what Contract
they are furniſhed. Befides, the Victuallers here
do proteft that they do provide no Victuals at all
but for the Ufe of the Army and to furnish the
Contracts, fo as what Quantities foever are fent
thither, the fame are to be taken for her Majefty's
Uſe, and to be accounted to furnish the Contracts
until they be compleat, and then the Overplus is
to paſs to ſerve the next Contract. For it may
fall out that fuch Victuals as are ſent to one Place
may by Contrariety of Winds arrive in another
Province or Port, which now (as the Purveyors
do inform us) hath of late happened to one of
their Barks driven into Cork, and there ftayed by
the Governor, which fhould have come to Gallway,
and fo that Town thereby disfurniſhed, and thofe
that are ſent ſooner from hence may arrive later,
and fometimes mifcarry. But the chiefeft Matter that
doth breed Scruple, Doubt, and Matter of Abuſe, is,
that there are not appointed there in the uſual Ports,
where there are Magazines (as in Dublin, Carling-
ford,
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
243
ford, Cork, Limrick, Carrickfergus, Loughfoyle, and
Galway,) fome fufficient Perfons, who with the
Mayor and Officers of the Ports, may overfee the
unlading of the Victuals from Time to Time,
and take Knowledge of the Goodneſs of the
Victuals, and the Quantities of the fame, and to
charge the Surveyors of the Victuals to perform
their Duties likewife, and to be informed of the
fame, and certify you thereof, wherein, or in any
other Sort, if any Abuſe be committed by the
Commiffaries, it is both the earneſt Requeſt of
the Undertakers, and our abfolute Defire, and
that which your Lordship's Place doth require, to
fee fome exemplary Puniſhment inflicted upon
them for their evil Carriage, which may and
ought to be reformed: So as for an Anſwer to
that Letter we muft ftill refer you to our former
Letters, namely, thofe of the 4th of August laft,
forafmuch as is to be performed by us here, who
fee and hear with others Eyes and Ears in that Place
and not our own.
And where we do understand by your late Let-
ters alſo, that the Commiffaries and Agents for
the Undertakers, do refuſe to take Beeves at 20 s.
a-piece, the Victuallers here do not only deny the
fame to be done by their Privity, but earneſtly
beſeech us (as often they have done) that they
may have them at that Price, and in our Letters
fent by Necowmen, at their Entreaty we did re-
quire, that your Lordship would be pleafed to
take order, they might have at reaſonable Rates
fuch Beeves as were taken from the Enemy, which
Suit they do renew, and do affure us, they will
be glad to receive them at that rate. And foraf-
much as many great and heavy Accounts are to
be taken, before either Reckonings can be clear-
ed, or Faults clearly diftinguished, her Majefty
hath reſolved immediately after Christmas, to fend
over fome well-chofen Commiffioners, both for
VOL. II.
Inte-
244
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
Integrity and Experience in all things in this Na-
ture, to examine and ſurvey the State of her Ma-
jefty's Receipts and Iflues, to whom, as fhe no-
thing doubteth, but your Lordship (whofe Zeal
and Care appears fo greatly in her Majefty's Ser-
vice) will give the beft Support which you can
poffibly afford them, fo her Majefty requireth
your Lordship now upon Conference with the
Council there, to appoint a Day for all thoſe in-
ferior Perfons, who have any thing to do with
the Matters of Accompts, Receipts, and Ex-
pence, to come to Dublin, to the Intent that
thoſe which fhall be fent over, may not lofe
their time, by attending their Repair from re-
mote Places, nor your Lordship (whole Eyes and
Judgment will give great Light to that Commif-
fion) may be otherwiſe diſtracted by any new
Journies, or Profecutions, to which the growing
on of the Year may invite you. For the preſent
Defire you have that fome Commiffioners fhould
be fent over for the paffing of fome Lands to the
Submittees, with fuch Refervations as are fitteſt
for her Majefty, fhe meaneth preſently to ſend
over Authority accordingly, liking very well (a-
mongst other things) that you intend to cut off
all Dependency upon the Irish Lords, which is
one very neceffary Confideration. Laftly, be-
cauſe your Lordship and the Council may know,
that although it is not to be looked for at the
Hands of any Prince, that they ſhould unneceffa-
rily keep Companies in Pay for the Relief of any
Captain, yet becauſe her Majefty in her own Dif-
pofition intendeth nothing lefs, than to neglect
thofe Servitors of hers, whom you fhall teftify
to have deſerved extraordinarily, being like to fuf-
fer Penury by this Cafhiering, the hath willed us
to let you know, that he is pleaſed to continue
to every fuch Captain, and fo many other Officers.
as
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
245
as you
think neceffary, their ordinary Pay; where-
by they may be enabled to maintain themfelves
there about you, for many good Purpoſes, until
fome other Occation offer it felf to imploy them
elſewhere, or fome Company there fall within
your Gift, to confer it upon them, which being
done, that Entertainment may ceafe. And now
that you perceive her Majefty's Refolution, where-
of the hath much haftened the fending away un-
to you, (in which refpect we cannot fo particu-
larly touch all things as we would,) we muſt
now conclude, that howfoever her Majefty's
Pleaſure is, that thofe Errors of fubordinate Mi-
nifters in theſe Matters of Accompts and Reckon-
ings, fhould be thus mentioned to your Lordſhip
and that Council, that is only to make it appear,
how ſerious a Reformation is expected from you:
And though the feeth how fearful your Lordship
is, without a more particular Commandment (what
Numbers to diminish) to have made fo large an
Abatement as the commandeth you, not knowing
how foon you might have Caufe to uſe them for
her Service, yet her Majefty is fo far from im-
puting it to any Error in Judgment, or Lack of
Zeal in you to her Service, as the confeffeth fhe
hath been to blame for not commanding it, and
not you for not doing it, whofe Care, Toil, and
Peril, as they have been more than any Governor
hath undergone before you, fo may your Lordſhip
take this Comfort alfo, that the Succefs which it
hath pleaſed God to give you, doth make your
ſelf an acceptable Miniſter to your Prince and
Country, and maketh all us very glad (both for
the publick, to which we owe our first Duties,
and for your own private, who fhall ever find it
in all things fit for us to perform towards you.)
From the Court at White-
Hall the 22d of Novem-
ber, 1602.
Q 2
A
246 MORYSON's History Book III.
I
:
A Lift of the Army as it flood the 1st of Janua-
ry, 1602.
Horſe.
The Lord Deputy, 100.
The Lord Prefident,
100. The Earl of Thomond, so. The Earl of
Clanrickard, 50. Sir Henry Dockwra, 100. Sir
Arthur Chichester, 25. Mafter Marſhal, 5o. Sir
William Godolphin, 5o.
Sir Garret Moore, 25.
Sir Oliver Lambert, 25.
Sir Richard Greame, fo.
Sir Francis Rush, 12.
Sir Henry Folliot, 50.
Captain Flemming, 25.
Horſe, 1000.
Sir Francis Stafford, 50.
Sir Henry Harrington, 25.
Sir Oliver St. John, 25.
Sir Edward Harbert, 12.
Capt. John Jephson, 100.
Capt. William Taffe, 5o.
Capt. George Greame, 14.
Foot.
The Lord Prefident,
150.
The Earl of
The Lord Deputy, 200.
200. The Earl of Kildare,
Thomond, 200. The Earl of Clanrickard, 150.
The Earl of Ormond, 150. The Lord Audley,
150. Sir George Cary, Treaſurer, 100. Sir Hen-
ry Dockwra, 150. Sir Oliver Lambert, 150. Sir
Arthur Chichester, 200. Sir Richard Wingfield,
150. Sir Francis Stafford, 200. Sir Oliver St.
Fobin, 200. Sir Foulke Conway, 150. Sir Samuel
Bagnol, 150. Sir Richard Moryfon, 200.
Sir Francis Shane, 100.
Sir
Sir
Garret Moore, 100.
Chriftopher St. Laurence, 150. Sir Henry Folliot,
150. Sir George Bourcher, 100. Sir Francis Rufb,
150. Sir James Fitz-Pierce, 100. Sir Thomas
Lofties, 100. Sir Henry Power, 150. Sir Ed-
ward Harbert, 100. Sir William Fortefcue, 150.
Sir Charles Wilmot, 150. Sir Richard Piercy,
150. Sir Edward Fitzgerald, 100. Sir Francis
Barkley,
Chap. I.
247
of IRELAND.
Barkley, 150. Sir Benjamin Berry, 150. Sir
Matt. Morgan, 150. Sir Tib. Dillon, 100. Sir
Thomas Bourke, 150. Sir George Thornton, 100.
Sir Garret Harvey, 150. Sir Edward Wingfield,
200. Capt. Edward Blany, 150. Capt. Toby
Caulfield, iso. Capt. Jofas Bodley, 150. Capt.
150.
Henry Atherton, 150. Capt. Edward Trever, 100.
Capt. Richard Hanfard, 200. Capt. Ferdinand
Freckleton, 100. Capt. Francis Roe, 150. Capt.
Laurence Efmond, 150. Capt. Thomas Williams,
150. Capt. Lionel Gheft, 150. Capt. Thomas
Roper,150. Capt.Thomas Rotheram,150. Capt.Ralph
Conftable, 100. Capt. Ralph Bingley, 100. Capt.
Thomas Badbey, 100. Capt. Ellis Flyod, 100.
Capt. Lewis Orrel, 100. Capt. Ellis Jones, 150.
Capt. Edward Leigh, 100. Capt. Edward Baffet,
100. Capt. Thomas Coach, 150. Capt. William
Winfor, 150. Capt. Roger Orme, 100. Capt.
Nicholas Pinner, 100. Capt. John Sidney, 100.
Capt. William Stafford, 100. Capt. Ralph Sidley,
100. Capt. Baffel Brooke, 100. Capt. John
Vaughan, ioo. Capt. Henry Sackford, 100. Capt.
Thomas Philips, 100. Capt. Roger Langford, 100.
Capt. John Phillips, 100. Capt. Henry Malby,
100. Capt. Thomas Bourke, 100!
Bourke, 100. Capt. Richard Henflo
100. Sir Francis Kinfmel, 150.
Kinfmel, 100. Capt. Boftock, 100.
Harrison, 100. Capt. James Blount, 100. Capt.
Henry Skipwith, 100. Capt. Edward Morris,
100. Capt. Edward Fisher, 100. Capt. Henry
Hart, 100. Capt. Abrey York, 100. Capt.
Charles Coote, 100. Capt. Gawen Harvey, 100.
Capt. Dorrington, 100. Capt. Holcroft, 100.
Capt. Henry Bakley, 150. Capt. Thomas Boys,
100. Capt. Edward Legg, 100. Capt. Dennis
Dale, fo. Left in Ward in Eniscorthy, 20.
Capt. Tibbot
for Pioneers,
Capt. George
Capt. Samuel
Foot, 12370.
The
1
248
MORYSON'S History Book III,
The 4th of January, Sir Henry Dockwra, Gover
nor of Loughfoyle Furces, wrote to the Lord De-
puty this following Letter.
Right Honourable, and my very good Lord,
THE
'HE Argument of this my Letter fhall be
only the Teftification of my private Duty,
and a little Difcourfe touching Neal Garvey, and
thoſe Irish, whom I must freely confefs I am more
to feek in what fort to govern and ufe, to the
Benefit of her Majefty's Service, and Diſcharge
of my own Duty, than in any other Point of the
whole Bufinefs. Neal's
Neal's firit coming without
Compulfion, his bringing us to Liffer, his Ser-
vices many times commendably performed in his
own Perfon, the Furtherance he gave us for
planting at Dunegal, the Help he gave our Men
in their greateſt Wants, when & Donnel befieged
them, the Lofs of his Brother in that Service,
the Trial of his Fidelity, by ftanding firm in fa
dangerous a time, and laftly the Goods he for-
fook of his own, to ferve the Queen for half
Pay, are Arguments neither untruly gathered, nor
unjustly alledged to make much in his Favour.
On the other Side, his extreme Pride, Ambition,
and infatiable Covetoufnefs, his Want of any
Knowledge when he is well dealt withal, his Im-
portunity in all things, right or wrong, his con-
tinual begging, and unprofitable wafting of what-
foever he gets, his Aptnefs to defperate and unfpeak-
able Difcontent for Trifles of no Worth, his Facili-
ty to be mifliked by Men of beft Quality, and his un-
derhand jugling (which is too apparent by many In-
dices) with the Rebels, he is truly to be charged with
all, as the other good Services are to be acknowledg
ed. And yet to diſcountenance him, and challenge
him of thofe Faults, were to raiſe a new War,
and to drive the whole Country (in an unfeaſon-
able time) to an obdurate Alienation of Mind
from
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
249
from all English Government. To diſcharge his
People, we ſhall find a fingular Want, for Spial
of many things which they give us Light of, fo
fhould we likewife for gathering of Preys, when-
foever we go a Journey, and befides the Arms
they have got amongst us, and the Charge they
have put her Majefty unto, the one would hard-
ly be recovered out of their Hands, and the other
not unworthily thought to be an ill Piece of Ser-
vice to make utterly loft. Again, on the other
Side they give continual Advertiſements, as well
from us to the Rebels, as from them to us. Forts
or Places of Strength alone by themſelves, they
neither will nor dare abide in, without Help.
To make their Peace with 6 Donnel, they fhall
ever find Difficulty. To join with the Spaniards
(if any come near to thofe Parts) they may if
they will, and will undoubtedly if they be never
fo little diſcontented. In theſe Inconveniences on
the one Side, and Neceffity on the other, I fee
not (in my Judgment) any better Courſe to be
held, than to temporize fomewhat, to feed their
Humours awhile, though it be chargeable to the
Queen, and to mingle Lenity and Severity fo, as
fome be punished for theſe notorious Abuſes,
when they are apparently proved (let him rage
and ftorm while he will,) and others winked at,
whofe Faults are apparent, and yet more clofely
carried from direct and manifeft Proofs, by Tefti-
mony of Witneffes, and therewithal to get what
by fair Means and by Force (as I fee bett Occafi-
on to temper them) the beſt Pledges he hath for
himſelf, and the beſt of his People into my Hands,
and being once poffeffed of them, to keep them
till I fee greater Cauſe of Affurance of his Fide-
lity, or at the leaft a lefs Occafion of Sufpicion,
which Courſe I am already entred into, under a
good Colour, as having taken his fecond Son (the
elder being at Dublin) together with two more of
Q4
the
250
MORYSON'S History Book II.
the chiefeft Men about him, with his own Con-
fent, in the Name of Pledges for others, but in
truth most of all for himſelf. I am not ignorant
but he will grievoufly complain againſt me for
thoſe Courſes, and many of our own Nation will
whet him forward, fome for want of Knowledge
of the Truth, fome blinded with private Malice
against my own Perfon, and whatſoever ſhall
happen amifs upon Caufe of his Diſcontentment,
will be imputed to me, and the Corruption of
my Dealings, but I fly to your Honour for Suc-
cour, and gladly fubmit my felf to a better Courſe,
if I may be inftructed; for fuch is the State of
the Buſineſs between me and him, without Par-
tiality or Malice, both upon the Duty of my
Allegiance, and Peril of my Soul.
Together with this Letter, Sir Henry Dockwra fent
to his Lordship the Copy of the following Letter
he had lately written to the Lords in England.
Moft Honourable Lords,
HE Journey mentioned in my former Let-
ters, and intended upon 6 Kane, I fet for-
ward on, before Capt. Vaughan departed the Ri-
ver, having firft fhipped all neceflary Provifions
for planting a Garrifon at Colrane, and feen them
down the Lough, with a fair Wind to carry them
thither, before I fet forth. Howbeit having paf-
fed through the Country, and effected in a man-
ncr all things to my own Defire, being come
unto the Place, I found not the Ship nor any Ap-
pearance of News what was become of her, which
the Mafter excufeth, but fo, as I leave to your
Lordships to judge, whether fufficiently or no,
this Bearer being inftructed with the full State of
the Caufe. The Sum and Effect of that Journey
was, that notwithstanding this, I fent down
Capt.
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
25·1
Capt. Orme with 200 English and the Iriſh of E-
nifhlowen, to paſs over at the Green Caſtle by
Water, to the End that he entring at one End
of the Country, and I at the other, the Prey
might the more affuredly be taken, or at leaft the
more Spoil done, my felf went over Land, paffed
two Paces without Refiftance, entred the third,
beat them from Defence of it, fet Fire on their
Camp (containing 30 great Houſes all full of
Corn,) took 6 Kane's Brother Prifoner, that had
before perfidioufly revolted from the Queen's Ser-
vice (whom I facrificed in the Place,) and ſo paf-
fed by, not through the Wood, becauſe it was
no ordinarily Paffage, and a fair Way did lie by
the Sea-fide hard by, fo came into the Plains and
Heart of the Country, burning and fpoiling, till
I met that Night with Capt. Orme, at a Place of
Strength agreed upon between us, who coming
away leaft looked for, lighted upon the killing of
fome few of the People, and a ſmall Prey of 50
Cows and foo Sheep, for with the reft (for all
his fudden coming,) they made away, and got to
the Mountains. For four Days Space together
afterwards, I divided the Forces into three Bo-
dies, and traverſed firft about, and then through
the Country, fpoiling and burning fuch a Quan-
tity of Corn, and Number of Houfes, as I fhould
hardly have believed fo fmall a Circuit of Ground
could have afforded, if I had not feen it. And
becauſe I failed of meeting the Ship, I held my
Courſe towards Tyrone, intending (all under one
Journey) to have wafted and fpoiled as high as
Dungannon, but that I was prevented by a fudden
Thaw of Weather, after a long Froft and Snow,
which raiſed the Rivers, that with much Diffi-
culty I could recover Home. But being return-
ed, I met with Letters from Dunagal, advertiſing
me of their great want of Victual, by reafon that
the
252
Book III.
MORYSON'S Hiftory
the Ship (which I had a Month before diſpatch-
ed away with all Proviſions) was not then arrived.
Whereupon (having divers other Reaſons alfo to
draw me that Way) I refolved to make my next
Journey thither, and to fettle and eſtabliſh the
Garrison of Ballifhannon. So with 100 Garrons
Load of Bisket and Munition, I paffed unto
them, and happily relieved their greateſt Wants
in a moſt ſeaſonable time. At my coming I found
there was a Ship from Galway arrived within the
Harbour of Calbeg, and during the time I was
there, the other that I had fent from hence, came
alfo into the fame Harbour, but by Extremity of
Weather (which I was an Eye-witnefs unto) nei-
ther of them both was able to put in, either to
Ballifhannon or Dunegal, all the time I was there,
which was twenty Days, fo that the further Fruit
of my coming thither, confifted only in this,
that I cauſed Neal Garvey to make a Cutting up-
on the Country for Cows, wherewith the Garrifon
was plentifully relieved, went to Afhraw, and there
left four Companies of Foot and so Horſe, which
I carried from thence, befides thofe that were at
Dunegal before fettled, then there got in a fuffi-
cient Quantity of Corn, to feed the Horfe near
all the Winter long, fet in Turf and old Houſes
for Fewel, by the Commodity of the Garrons
which I carried with me, faw the Situation of
Bundroife and Dulike, and all that Part of the
Country, and fo returned to Dunegal, where I
took in Mac Swine Fannaght, and fome others of
the Country, for whom Neal Garvey had under-
taken and delivered in Pledges of his own, fuch
as in truth I made Choice of, more to bridle
himſelf, than for any great Affurance I think they
are for the other. Howbeit, the State of things
ftood in fuch Terms, chiefly by reafon of the
extreme Foulneſs of Weather, that I was not al-
together
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
253
together unwillingly drawn to accept of their
Subjection upon flender Affurance, whom (had
the time ferved, to compel to other Conditions)
I fhould hardly have dealt withal, or given ear
unto in any fort. But this is the Advantage which
I think my felf to have gained by taking them
in, that Neal Garvey's Importunity is fatisfied
(who if his Humours be altogether reftrained,
will undoubtedly prove a defperate Rebel,) him-
ſelf ſettled in full Poffeffion of his own Country
(if he can keep it) furniſhed with Means to feed
his People of his own, which before I could not
be rid of, but he would wring the Queen's Store,
and befides be always complaining (as he did ſtill)
of his half Pay, in which notwithſtanding he is
now lefs to be hearkened unto, for that the juſt
and reaſonable Colour which he had before, of
being banished from all private Means of his own
to maintain them by, is clearly taken away, and fur-
ther an Opportunity is gained, that thoſe Men
which had played falfe before, being returned
home, with all their Goods, thinking themſelves
ſafe and ſure under Protection, may upon very
juftifiable Reaſons hereafter be looked into, and
feized on, when they leaft expect, and can worst
avoid it, whofe Goods by any other Means would
never be got, but concealed or done away amongſt
the Rebels, where we fhall never find them.
What other Benefit is had by fettling that Garri-
fon as it is, your Lordships may eafily gather out
of your own Knowledge, to which the Bearer
is able to add fomewhat, as having lived a good
Space of time thereabout, and going furniſhed
with many Inſtructions and Remembrances for
that Purpoſe, who will alfo lay down unto your
Lordships the State of the Army, as being a
Commiffary, and the Neceffaries requifite to that
Place, as being a Man fpecially chofen by the
Captains, and in that Kind of Bufinefs requested
to
254
Book III.
MORYSON'S History
to labour and follicite in their Behalf.
The Caftle
of Ballifhannon I could not take, by reafon the
Piece of Artillery was not come, nor any manner
of Proviſion (fo much as a Board) to be had for
the Purpoſe. But all things are now fent away,
which the Winds ferving fitly to bring thither,
that Buſineſs will be easily effected. But your
Lordship must underftand, that the Bar at the
coming in, is fo fhallow (whatſoever ſome vain
Men will talk to the contrary,) and the Road fo
open, without being covered with any manner
of Land, as by meer Neceffity the Ships that
fhall be imployed in bringing any thing to it,
muſt be of very fmall Burden if they get in, and
yet, if any Weather arife, forced (whether they
be great or fmall) to make the Place of their un-
lading at Dunegal, from whence it must be carri-
ed to the other Place by Land, fo that both the
Charge and Trouble thereof will be much more
than was expected, or than I could ever be right-
ly informed of, till I faw it. I have now affem-
bled the Forces, to make another Journey into
Tyrone, but in fo unfit a Seafon of Weather, as
it yet holds, as I fhall be forced to fufpend it,
till fome Alteration make the Rivers and high
Ways more paffable.
The next after that, which I mean (God wil-
ling) without Queſtion to undertake, is to accom-
pliſh my firft Intent of fettling at Colrane, which
I know my felf able to perform, though the
whole Force of the Rebels fhould be returned
before I undertake it. But then fhall our Forces
be fo far extended and divided afunder, as more
than the bare keeping of thoſe Holds we are pof-
feffed of, we fhall not be able to do, till a new
Supply of Men arrive, which in my Opinion
fhould come moft feaſonably towards the Ending
of the next Month, in that the Cows, (which
now their Corn is gone, is their only Relief) are
then
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
255
then eaſieſt to be fet away or ſpoiled. And for
any Impeachment we ſhall have by the Spaniards,
though we be daily threatned by many thunder-
ing Rumours, yet I fee no great Reaſon to fufpect
their coming hither, nor fhall in that refpect re-
ly my felf further than upon your Lordships
better Intelligence, and most honourable Care,
according to the Occafions fhall be offered. On-
ly this I must put your Lordships in mind of,
that by an Army able to maſter us in Field, com-
ing furniſhed with Artillery, the River and all
our Provifions both of Victual and Munition are
eafily to be taken from us, which notwithſtand-
ing we may much prevent, if our Forts at this
Place be made up in time, (which is almoſt done
already,) and a Couple of good Ships of War
lodged at Cullmore for that Straight. Whilft I
was my felf at Balliſhannon, I muſt advertiſe your
Lordships, that I gave Charge to Capt. Willes,
lying at Lyffer, that with thofe Forces I left be-
hind, he ſhould make a Journey upon Sleught Art,
a People in Tyrone, who before my going, made
many Offers of their Subjection, but fo as in
Conclufion I muft ftand to their Curtefy, how
long they would continue in that State, and there-
fore rejected them utterly. He fell (according to
my Directions) upon them, brought away 300
Cows, and burned moft of their Houſes and Corn.
They offer again a new Parley, but becauſe I am
refolved to take in none of Tyrone, left their Num-
bers (to feed upon their own hungry Store) fhould
be diminiſhed, I do ftill refuſe them, and will do
all other of that Country, except I fee fome ap-
parent extraordinary and fpecial Caufe to the con-
trary. So I moft humbly recommend my Duty
and the beſt Service I am able to perform to your
Lordships Command.
From Derry the 2d
of January, 1602.
The
256
MORYSON'S Hiftory
Book III.
The Lord Deputy being returned from Gallway
to Athlone, and being advertiſed from Rory ô Don-
nel, that he had lately done fome Services againſt
ô Rourk, did by his Letters of the 6th of Janua-
ry give him thanks for the fame, encouraging
him to drive o Rourk out, of his Country, where-
in an Army of 4000 English was then ready to
affift him, with Affurance that her Majefty was
fo incenfed by Rourk's Contempts, as he was
refolved never to pardon him, and with Promiſe
of that Country to him and his Heirs, if he join-
ed his Forces to expel 6 Rourk. Further his
Lordſhip affured him, that this ſhould be no Bar,
but rather a Furtherance, to his Hopes of ha-
ving his Brother's Lands. For as he would ne-
ver take from Sir Neal Garvey any thing former-
ly given or promiſed to him, fo if he could prove,
that fince his Submiffion he had committed any
Treaſon, wherein the other could not by an ho
nourable Trial juſtify himſelf, then he fhould be
fure, that his Lordship would fatisfy his beſt Ex-
pectations.
The 9th of January his Lordship in his and the
Council's Letter to the Lords in England, after
Relation of the prefent Affairs, wrote further as
followeth.
IN this Journey I the Deputy received her Ma-
jefty's exprefs Direction for the reducing of
her Highneffes Forces to 12000 Foot, and food
Horſe, which I do moft willingly obey, and for
Performance thereof, I took preſent Order, which
now is fully put in Execution, though upon the
ſudden it could not be done, the Army being di-
vided in the remote Parts of this Kingdom. And
albeit I have given ftraight Charge, that out of
the new cafhiered Companies, the Bands fub-
fifting fhould be made ftrong; yet muft I make
known
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
257
known to your Lordships the Difficulties I find
to perform this Direction, by reaſon the Soldiers
being once caſhiered, do ufe (notwithſtanding any
Care that we can take) to wander to and fro, and
fometimes fall into the Rebels Hands, which uſe
to ſtrip them of their Arms and Cloaths, fome-
times into the Hands of bordering Subjects,
which deal no better with them, and fo they be-
come moſt miferable Creatures: So hard a thing
is it to keep them together, to be turned over
to other Companies, when once they know of
their Cafhiering; as I remember your Lordships
have noted the like Difficulty in your Letters, to
keep together, and to fend over the whole Num-
bers by you appointed to come into this King-
dom. And in this cashiering of Companies, ac-
cording to her Majefty's exprefs Pleaſure, which
her Highneſs prefcribeth to be of the Irish Compa-
nies, that the English may fubfift and be made
ftrong, although I would willingly perform this
Direction ; and to that end have difcharged a
Number of Irish Companies heretofore and now,
yet ſeeing the Arch-rebel doth yet hold out, (al-
beit I have directed fuch a Courfe for his Profecu-
tion by Sir Arthur Chichester, who is in Purſuit
of him, as before the Spring I hope he fhall be
quite broken,) and that this Rebel ô Rourk hath
drawn fuch a Head together, I think it not amifs
yet to continue fome of the Irish Companies for
a time, hoping with God's good Favour, that
ere it be long, I may reduce the Army to a leſſer
Number, and then with more Conveniency and
lefs Danger, may diſcharge the Irish Companies,
which in the mean time I will fo exercife and employ,
as they ſhall not be idle, but ſhall be ftill expofed to
endure the Brunt of the Service upon all Occa-
fions: And touching the continuing of this Service
againſt the Rebel & Rourk and his Confederates,
(which we are of Opinion may not be delayed,)
for
A
258 MORYSON's Hiftory Book III.
?
for the Prevention of further Dangers, as alfo for
the upholding of her Majeſty's Army, in regard of
the general Scarcity of all Sorts of Victuals in
all Parts of this Kingdom, we humbly pray your
Lordships to remember, that a Proportion of
Victuals be fent to Gallway, Balliſhannon, and Lim-
rick, with all ſpeed, without the which we fee
no Means how this Service can be followed,
or the Army in general may be preſerved from
perishing. For where it is expected by your
Lordships that fome great Numbers of Beeves,
and other Victuals may be gotten from the Re-
bels, we have already fo impoverished them by
Profecutions, as they are ready to ftarve. And
amongſt the Subjects of the Pale, their Harveſt
was fo unfeaſonable, and their Corn was fo de-
ſtroyed by the Weather, as Numbers of Subjects
will undoubtedly die of Famine, and we fee no
Means for her Majefty's Army in this Kingdom
to fubfift, eſpecially for this prefent Year, but
upon Provifions to be fent out of England, which
in Diſcharge of our bounden Duties, we thought
meet plainly to fignify unto your Lordships, and
do humbly leave it to your careful Providence:
For fuch Abuſes as have been committed in dif-
pofing of the Victuals, we fhall be ready upon
the Arrival of fuch Commiffioners, as are pur-
poſed to be ſent, to yield unto them our beft
Affiftance, and in the mean Seafon, to have all
things in Readineſs againſt their coming.
1
The
#
Chap. 1.
259
of IRELAND.
The 16th of January the Lord Deputy received the
following Letter, directed from her Majesty to his
Lordship and the rest of the Counsel for Ireland.
TH
Elizabeth Regina.
Right trufty and well-beloved we greet you well ;
HE Abuſes which by the Frauds of Mer-
chants do daily multiply in the Courſe of
Exchange do caft upon us fo great Burthen, and
We find them to be fo impoffible to be prevent-
ed by any Cautions that can be deviſed, (whereof
we have fufficient Proof in the like Fruit that
followeth of the Reſtraints made fince the firft
Proclamation publiſhed,) as We can find no other
Way to remedy thofe Inconveniencies but by
taking from the Merchant all Benefit of Exchange
other than hereunder is mentioned in the Form of
a Proclamation, which We think good to be pub-
liſhed in that Kingdom, to make known to all
Men in what Manner We intend to allow of the
Exchange from the Day of the publiſhing there-
of, which therefore you fhall caufe to be done im-
mediately upon the Receipt of thefe our Letters.
And for that our Intent is by this Proclamation
(as you may perceive by the Tenor thereof) to
explain all former Proclamations and Orders
touching this Matter of the Exchange, and that
from the Day of the publiſhing of this new De-
claration of Our Pleaſure, the fame only be taken
for the Rule of the Exchange, and no Benefit of
Our former Proclamation to be allowed to any;
yet becauſe in fome of them there be fome Clau-
fes meet for Us to be continued, We have here
under made a ſhort Note of thoſe Clauſes out of the
faid Proclamations, which Claufes Our Pleaſure is
that you caufe to be taken verbatim and inferted
into this Proclamation when you fhall publish it, or
VOL. II.
R
elſe
260
Book III.
MORYSON'S History
elfe to express the Subftance of them in fuch
Words as you ſhall think fit, or to alter or omit
any of them, or to add to this new Direction
for our Advantage; requiring you in your Confi-
deration of this our Purpoſe to caft afide all pri-
vate Reſpects, and only to aim at the Eaſe of our
great Charge, fo far forth as it may be done with-
out Inconveniency of greater Moment to Our
State there than our Charge is to Us.
UPON
The Proclamation.
PON the Alteration of the Standardof Our
Monies in this Realm, whereunto We were
led, as well by Examples of Our Progenitors,
who had ever made a Difference between the Mo-
nies of this Realm and Our Realm of England,
as alfo by a neceffary Providence of keeping the
Sterling Monies both from the Hands of Our
Rebels here, and alfo from tranſportation into
foreign Countries, which chiefly by the faid Rebels
and their Factors was done: We did erect an Ex-
change for the Ufe of all Sorts of Our Subjects
and others uſing Intercourfe between theſe two
Realms for converting of Monies of the new
Standard of this Realm into Sterling Monies in
England, and of English Monies into thofe of this
Realm reciprocally, hoping that the honeft and
upright Carriage of Merchants in an equal Exer-
cife of Traffick between the two Realms would
have caufed in the faid Exchange an indifferent
and mutual Commodity, both to the Merchant
for his Trade, and to Us for Our Payments, and
both their and Our Intentions have concurred in
preferving the Sterling Monies from the Rebels,
and from tranſportation into foreign Countries;
but in this little Time of Experience which We
have made thereof, being not yet two Years paft,
We have found Our Expectation greatly deceived,
and
Chap. I of IRELAND.
261
and the Scope given the firſt Inſtitution of the
Exchange exceedingly abufed by the Slights and
Cunnings of Merchants, which though We did
immediately (upon the Beginning of the Ex-
change) diſcover to be breeding, yet did We
not think that the fame would ever have grown
to fuch a Height as fince We have perceived:
Wherefore We did by fome Reſtrictions and Li-
mitations feek to contain thofe Frauds within rea
fonable Bounds; but it falleth out that the Re-
medies propofed have been fo far from the eafing
of the Grief, as whatſoever hath been by Us pre-
fcribed for the Redrefs hath but ferved for a
Ground and Pretext of new Inventions of Deceit;
for that by the Cunning Craft of fome Merchants
the Scope given by Our Proclamation to the faid
Exchange is fo abuſed, as that fome Merchant who
hath brought Commodities into that Kingdom
from hence hath not been content to fell the fame
for reaſonable Gain, but having raiſed his Price
of the fame Commodity to fo much in the new
Monies as do in their true Value of Silver almoſt
countervail the Sterling he paid for it here, viz.
That which coft him 10s. fterl. to 30s. Iriſh,
after that Rate that which coft him 100l. to 300 l.
he hath returned to Our Exchange the fame 3007.
which being anſwered him here in Sterling yield-
eth him Profit of three for one, which is fo great
a Gain as no Adventure of any Merchants into the
furthermoft Parts of Traffick doth yield, and to
Us fuch a Burthen, as if the fame fhould be per-
mitted, were nothing elſe in Effect but to make
Our Exchequer a Mart for the Cunning of Mer-
chants to work upon: Befides many of them have
of Purpoſe to make Profit by the faid Exchange
bought up old Bills of Debts from divers Perfons,
to whom Payment hath upon juft Confideration
been deferred, and compounding for the fame for
fmall Sums of Money of the new Standard, re-
R 2
turned
262
MORYSON'S History Book III.
turned the whole upon Us by Exchange, where-
by they have made an exceeding Profit, contrary
to the true Meaning of Our Proclamation, in-
tended for the Ufe and Benefit of fuch as exercifed
an honeft and direct Courfe of Merchandize: By
which Frauds there is ever a great Quantity of
Monies of the new Standard returned upon Us
for Sterling Monies in this Realm; but neither
is there any proportionable Quantity of Sterling
Monies brought in here into the Exchange, nor
delivered into the Banks to be converted into new
Monies there: And-confequently, there doth grow
upon Us an intolerable Burthen in continual Pay-
ments of Sterling Monies, and yet the two Mif-
chiefs (which were the chief Cauſe of Alteration
of Our Standard) not remedied, that is, the pre-
ferving of the Sterling Monies from the Rebels,
and from tranfportation into foreign Countries:
For little of it being brought in by Merchants
of this Country, and the fame being not current
to be ufed here amongft Our good Subjects, We
find it partly tranfported, and partly falling into
the Hands of the Rebels, wherewith they have
been the better enabled to continue in their wicked
Courſes: Wherefore for Redreſs of fo great Abu-
fes daily practifed by Merchants, We do hereby
publish, that our Meaning is, that from the Day
of the publishing hereof, the Places of exchanging
of Monies fhall be only at Dublin for this Our
Realm of Ireland, and at London for Our Realm
of England, for all fuch as ufe the Trade of Mer-
chandize, but for others that are in Our Pay, and
have Wages of Us, as being of Our Army, or
otherwife, there fhall be a Bank maintained at
Cork, as heretofore it was, to receive their Bills,
but the Bills received there fhall be payable only
at London, and for the Ufe of Paffengers and Sol-
diers departing out of Our Realm into England
there fhall be likewife Exchanges at Bristol and
Chefter;
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
263
Chefter; fo as no fuch Soldier or Paflenger do bring
thither any Bill containing above the Sum of 47.
But for Merchants there fhall not be at the faid
Places of Chester and Bristol any Payment of Bills
returned, but only at Our City of London in fuch
Manner as is hereafter expreffed. And further,
Our Pleaſure and Meaning is, that the faid Ex-
change ſhall extend only to fuch as now are, or
hereafter from Time to Time ſhall be, in Our Pay
here, ferving us in the Field, or in Wards, or
Garrifons, and to all Officers of Government of
Juſtice, of Our Revenues, or of the Exchange,
and to fuch others as are contained in Our
Eſtabliſhment; to all and every of whom
We are pleaſed to allow the Benefit of ex-
changing Monies of the new Standard of this
Realm into Monies current in England, (wanting
only 12 d. fterl. in the Pound,) viz. Yearly to
each of them rateably in his Degree for ſo much
as he doth fave above his Expence of that which
he doth receive yearly of Us, or ought to receive
clearly for his Pay, all Deductions and Defalcati-
ons being fore-prized; and fo as there be no
Fraud uſed by any of them in abufing this Our
Liberality and Favour contrary to Our true mean-
ing: And for others ufing Trade of Merchandize,
although they deſerve no Favour in regard of the
Frauds, wherewith many of them have abuſed
Our gracious Meaning in the Inftitution of Our
Exchange intended, and in regard of the exceffive
raifing of the Prices of all Wares, whereby both
Our Subjects are extremely burthened here, and
We intolerably charged in the Exchange in Eng-
land, yet in regard of the prefent Poverty of this
Our Realm, whereby We conceive that there
wanteth as yet for a Time fufficient Commodities
of the Growth or Manufaction of this Kingdom
wherewith to maintain Traffick, We are pleaſed
R 3
to
264
MORYSON's Hiftory Book III.
to maintain for their Ufe an Exchange in this
Manner; That every fuch Perfon, not being of
thofe that belong to our Eftablishment, but a
Merchant, who fhall deliver to the Mafter of the
Exchange, or his Deputies in this Realm, 100 l.
whereof 401. fhall be of the Standard, of Ster-
ling Money of Silver or of Gold, and 601. in
mixt Monies of the new Standard of this Realm,
fhall receive of the faid Maſter of the Exchange,
or his Deputies, a Bill directed to the Bank of
Exchange in England, where the fame is payable,
whereby he fhall receive for each 100l. delivered
here in that Manner, 1007. in Monies current of
England, wanting only 12 d. in the Pound for
each Pound of the mixt Monies delivered, and for
the Sterling no Defalcation to be made, as here-
tofore hath been ordained; and after that Rate for
more or leſs in Quantity. And to the End that
the Frauds uſed by fome Merchants may be better
prevented, and the Maſter of the Exchange, or
his Deputies, underſtand that he dealeth truly in
bringing his Monies to the Exchange, Our Plea-
fure is, that every fuch Merchant, reforting to
the Exchange, fhall bring a Certificate from the
Officers of Our Cuftom-houſe, where his Goods
were entred, what Goods he hath entred there,
and at what Time, to the End that it may there-
by be difcerned that he feeketh nothing but the
return of his own Money, and is not a Cullourer
of other Mens. And for that divers Noblemen
and Gentlemen of this Realm have cauſe many
Times to repair into England either for Suits of
other neceffary Caufes, and fome have Children
there, either at the Universities, or at the Inns
of Court, or Chancery, or in Our Service at
Court, who fhall have Caufe for thofe Purpoſes
to ufe Sterling Mony, and to have the Monies of
this Realm converted into Monies current in Eng-
land,
Chap. I.
265
of IRELAND.
land, We are pleaſed that all fuch have the Bene-
fit of the Exchange in fuch Manner as for thoſe
of our Army is above limited, for fuch yearly
Sums of Money as Our Deputy and Counſel there
for the Time being fhall think good to allow to
any of them upon their Demands: And the War-
rant of our faid Deputy and Counſel ſhall be ſuffi-
cient Warrant to the Mafter of Our Exchange,
or his Deputies, for the receiving of all fuch Bills
as they fhall require him to admit for any fuch
Nobleman or Gentleman.
And now having explained fome Part of the
Abuſes offered to Us in the Exchange, and de-
clared Our Pleaſure for the Reformation of them,
We do not doubt but that, as upon the former
Reſtrictions by Us propoſed to the fame End, fo
now, many ill-minded Perfons will not ftick to
flander Our Doings, as though there were not in
Us an honourable Meaning to perform what here
We have promiſed, whereof, although Our Pro-
ceedings fhall by their true and juft Effect mani-
feft the contrary, yet becauſe evil Tongues, ac-
cuſtomed to calumniate the Actions of Princes,
are ſometimes the Inftruments of Alteration of
People's Minds from their dutiful Opinions of
their Sovereigns, where there is to us nothing
fo dear as the Confervation of the Love of
Our Subjects, We do, for preventing of any
fuch malicious Purpoſes, require all Magi-
ftrates and Officers, who have any Charge in
the Government of that Our Kingdom, to have
an Ear to fuch evil Rumours and to the fpreaders
of them, and fuch as they fhall find to be Authors
or
Inftruments of divulging any flanderous
Speeches touching this Matter of the Exchange,
to make them an Example for others to be ad-
moniſhed by. And to affure all Men that this
Inſtitution of baſe Money in this Kingdom hath
had his chiefeſt Ground upon Hope We had there-
R 4
by
266 MORYSON's History Book III.
:
by to weaken the Rebels of this Kingdom, who
by the Ufe of Sterling Money had, and have,
Means to provide themfelves from foreign Parts
of all Things neceffary to maintain their evil
Courſes: And that the fame being by this Way
partly, and partly by Power of Our Army, once
fuppreffed, We shall have juft Cauſe to reſtore
the Monies of this Realm to fuch Eftate as our
Progenitors have accuſtomed to uſe here.
Given under our Signet, at
our Palace of Westmin-
fter, the 24th Day of De-
cember, 1602, being of
our Reign the 45th
Year.
The Claufes of former Proclamations touching the
Exchange meet now to be continued.
The Ufe of Sterling Monies, or of any other
than theſe new Monies, prohibited upon Penalties
of Impriſonment and Fine; all Officers having
Power given them to feize the faid Monies put
in Ufe, and every Informer allow'd the Moiety of
fo much as he fhall difcover.
To allow for all Sterling Monies of Silver
brought into the Exchange, with Purpoſe to re-
ceive new Monies for the fame, Gain of 2 s. in
the Pound of new Monies; for Gold 2 s. 6 d.
Gain of new Monies.
To allow 10 in the 100 Profit for all bafe Sil-
ver Monies brought into the Exchange.
Counterfeiters to be feverely looked to and
puniſhed. All Paffengers, coming into Ireland,
to be fearched, or put to their Oath what Sterling
Money they carry with them.
The
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
267
The fame Day his Lordship and the Counsel bere re-
ceived this following Letter from the Lords in Eng-
land.
After our very hearty Commendations to your Lord-
WE
fhips.
E have received your Letter of the 7th of
this Inftant, together with a feveral Note
or Abſtract of fome material Points and Doubts
to be confidered and refolved, concerning the laft
preſcribed Form of the Exchange: And as both
your Letters and Abſtract were addreffed together
for Anſwer of her Majefty's Letter, lately ſent
unto you with a Form of a Proclamation thereunto
annexed, fo now you fhall again receive the Re-
folution of her Majefty, and us of her Council,
touching the fame Matter only, and the Doubts
by you propounded, which according to your
Defire we fend with as much Speed as a Bufinefs
of that Importance (reduced to a new Delibera-
tion) could be difpatched. For the Liberty that
her Majefty did give you, either of proceeding,
or of refpite and fufpence to publifh the Procla-
mation, according to the Judgment you ſhall make
of it upon Confideration of any very dangerous
Effects that you ſhall find apparent or likely to
enfue, you have rightly acknowledged her Ma-
jefty's gracious Reſpect unto you, in whom (as
the chiefeft Minifters of that State) the re-
pofeth fpecial Confidence, both for your Care
and Wiſdom, and for the Opportunity you have
(by the preſent Contemplation of all Things near
at Hand and under your Eye) to diſcern and dif-
cover any Inconveniencies, and to apply the Me-
dicines accordingly: And therefore, although it
pleafed her to take that Refolution (together with
us of her Council) which was fet down by the
faid
268 MORYSON's Hiftory Book III.
faid Proclamation, hoping that it would be a
Means to cure and prevent the intolerable Frauds
and Enormities in the Practice of the Exchange,
which was intended and inftituted for the Eafe of
her exceffive Charge and for the Good of her Sub-
jects there; yet forafmuch as you have fhewed ſo
great a Diftruft and Fear of dangerous Confe-
quence, if you ſhould forthwith have proceeded
to the publishing of that Proclamation, and upon
adviſed Conſultation (as her Majefty affureth her-
felf) have propounded theſe Points of Doubtful-
nefs that accompanied your Letter, fhe is well
pleaſed to give fuch Credit to your Opinion, as
that he hath, upon a new Deliberation with us
of her Council, cauſed a Temper and Moderation
to be fet down, with the chief Points whereof
you doubted, as may appear unto you by a Form
of a Proclamation, differing from the former, and
now fent unto you, wherein, becauſe you may
readily obſerve the particular Alterations from the
former Proclamation by comparing both together,
we need not make rehearſal of them here for fa-
tisfaction of your Doubts; only we have thought
good to fay fomewhat concerning the 6th and 7th
Articles in your Abſtract, in which you make
Queſtion what Courfe is beft to be holden for
the Diſcovery of the Frauds ufed by Merchants
and others in their Exchanges, and what Means
are to be uſed that her Majeſty be not over-bur-
thened in the Exchange, upon which Queftions,
and your own Opinions thereof delivered, we
cannot omit to make two Obfervations; The
one, that yourſelves do acknowledge the into-
lerable Frauds of Merchants and others uſed
in the Exchange, whereby not only her Maje-
fty's gracious Intention and Meaning of the Ex-
change hath been extraordinarily abufed, but her
Subjects in that Realm, by the exceffive Rates in
the Sale of all Commodities, have been unconfci-
onably
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
269
onably overcharged; and therefore yourſelves can-
not deny but that it were very dangerous for the
Exchange to be upholden without Remedy of
thefe Frauds: The ſecond, that forafmuch as there
cannot be any certain Rule and Order preſcribed,
to avoid theſe Frauds, that fhall be free from the
Evafion of cunning and deceitful Perfons, and the
only Remedy doth conſiſt in the careful and dili-
gent Overfight of her Majesty's Minifters to
whom that Truft is committed, her Majefty
thinketh, that as yourſelves did truly find the
Faults and Abuſes, fo none can better provide for
their Remedy than you that are there prefent, and
eſpecially you the Treaſurer, by whofe Minifters
Errors her Majefty hath been ſo much prejudiced.
And whereas eſpecial Cauſe of theſe Frauds is im-
puted to the Multiplicity of the Bills of Ex-
change, we should moft willingly be of that
Mind to reduce all unto one Place at Dublin, were
it not that we find you the Treaſurer to vary in
your Opinion, having fignified heretofore, by
your particular Letters to fome of us, that there
is no poffible Way of Remedy but by reducing
all the Banks to one Place, and yet by this Let-
ter, jointly with the reft of the Council, deliver-
ing your Opinion for the eſtabliſhing of two
Places, unto which Opinion becauſe we conceive
you are won, upon the Confultation of that
Council, we have applied our Confent thereunto.
And to the End it may plainly appear unto you
how the Merchants and others, abufing the Ex-
change, do moft fraudulently ferve their Turn,
both upon her Majefty's Subjects there, (if it be
true as hath been informed to us by Perfons of
good Credit coming from thence, that they im-
prove their Commodities to a treble Price, and
more, in reſpect of that Coin,) and likewife upon
her Majesty's exceffive Lofs by return of their
Money
270
MORYSON'S History Book III.
Money upon the Exchange, we have thought
good to fend you an Eſtimate or Calculation of
the Gain that one of them may make, and (as it
is to be ſuppoſed) doth make, in this Courfe up-
on the Expence but of 100 l. uttered there in
Commodities, making and raiſing thereupon but
two for one, whereby you may judge how un-
reaſonable Advantage may be further made upon
the Profit of three or four for one, if the Mer-
chant be ſo ill diſpoſed, or can find the Means of
a corrupt Minifter under the Treaſurer to combine
with him. And fo we bid you right heartily well
to fare.
From the Court at White-
ball, the 24th of Decem-
ber, 1602.
A Computation (Sent over inclofed in the former Let-
ter) of the Gain which a Merchant may make by
the Exchange bringing to the Exchange in each
1001. 401. fterl. and fuppofing the Merchant to be
without Sterling Money in his Store, or without
Credit, and to use the Exchange directly.
If he convert 100 l. ferl. into Wares, and fell
the fame in Ireland at the Rate of two for one, viz.
For 2001. Irish he doth thereby gain as followeth;
To have the Benefit of the Exchange he must
have 801. fterl. which fuppofing that he buyeth
at 5s. Iriſh each 20s. fterl. his 801. fterl. doth
coft him 100l. Irish.
Then cometh he to the Exchange with 100l.
Irish and 80l. ferl. for both which the Minifter
giveth him a Bill to receive in England 175 1.
fterl. for he muft lofe 57. of the Exchange of the
100 Irish.
Then
Chap. I.
271
of IRELAND.
Then hath he in his Purfe in England 175l.
defalking his firft Stock, which was tool. reft-
eth clear to him 757.
And this he may do upon as many Returns as
he maketh in a Year.
If it be objected that he cannot buy Sterling
Money at fo low a Rate, as for 11. 5s. Irish, but
that he do pay 17. 10s. Irish for 11. fterl. then is
his Gain the lefs by 197. and yet fhall he gain
$61.
But fuppofing ſuch a Merchant as is not in Neceffity
to buy Sterling Money with Irish, but that he may
borrow it here of Friends, though he pay 201. in
the 100 for it, then is his Gain in this Manner.
His 100 l. fterl. converted into Wares, and fold
in Ireland for 2001. Irish, he bringeth to the Ex-
change 120 l. Irish and 80 l. fterl. borrowed, and
receiveth a Bill to be paid in England 1941. lofing
61. for the Return of 120l. Iriſh.
So hath he in his Purſe in England 1941. out of
which deducting 100l. which was the firſt Stock,
refteth to him 947. out of which Gain, allowing
him 801. to pay for ſo much borrowed by him,
yet refteth to him 147.
And further, he hath remaining in his Hands in
Ireland 801. Irish remaining of his 200 Irish,
whereof he brought only 120l. to the Exchange:
To have which 807. returned by the Exchange
he muſt borrow 321. ftert. and fo fhall he have a
Bill to be paid in England 108 1. for he lofeth 47.
for Exchange of the 80l. Irish; out of which
1087. abating the 327. borrowed, there refteth
gained 767. whereunto adding the 14 7. above-
mentioned, then the whole Gain is 907.
From whence take for the Intereft of 1127.
borrowed for three Months, after 20 in the 100
for a Year, which is, for three Months, 67. 123.
and
272
Book III.
MORYSON'S History
and then his clear Gain is, towards his Freight,
Cuftom, forbearing the Money and other Char-
ges, 841. 8s.
Ábout the End of January the Lord Deputy
returned from Connaught to Dublin, and by the
Way received Letters from Rory 6 Donnel, who
now had undertaken the Profecution of ô Rourk,
and fignified his Determination to make a Road
preſently into his Country, and to leave fome of
his Men to lie upon him in fome Places of con-
venient Strength; but his Lordship being come
to Dublin received another Letter from the faid
Rory 6 Donnel upon the 18th of February, figni-
fying that ô Rourk's Strength was much increaſed
by the Repair of many chief Rebels into his Coun-
try, ſo as for the preſent he was neither able to
attempt 6 Rourk, nor to defend himſelf from his
Attempts till the English Forces fhould draw up
to affift him, the haftening whereof he prayed,
and that he might have Leave to put up his
Creaghts for a time towards Ballifhannon for his
better Safety.
The 25th of February the Lord Deputy wrote this
following Letter to the Lords in England, and fent
it by the Hands of the Lord Prefident of Munfter,
at this Time going for England.
A¹
May it pleaſe your Lordships,
LTHOUGH I am unwilling to inform
you often of the prefent Eftate of this
Kingdom, or of any particular Accidents or Ser-
vices, becauſe the one is fubject to fo much Al-
teration, and the other lightly delivered unto all
that are not preſent with fuch Uncertainty, and
that I am loth to make any Project unto your
Lordships, either of my Requeſts to you, or my
own Refolutions here, fince fo many Things fall
fuddenly out which may alter theGrounds of either;
yet
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
273
yet fince I do write now by one that can ſo ſuffi-
ciently fupply the Defects of a Letter, I have
prefumed at this Time to impart unto your Lord-
ſhips that I think fit to be remembred, or do de-
termine on, moſt humbly defiring your Lordships,
that if I err in the one, or hereafter alter the
other, you will not impute it to my Want of Sin-
cerity or Conftancy, but to the Nature of the
Subject whereof I muft treat, or of the Matter
whereon I work. And firft, to prefent unto your
Lordships the outward Face of the four Provin-
ces, and after to gueſs (as near as I can) at their
Difpofitions, Munfter, by the good Government
and Induſtry of the Lord Prefident, is clear of
any Force in Rebellion, except fome few unable
to make any forcible Head. In Leinfter there is
not one declared Rebel. In Connaught there is
none but in ô Rourk's Country. In Ulfter none
but Tyrone, and Brian mac Art, who was never
Lord of any Country, and now doth with a Bo-
dy of looſe Men and fome Creaghts continue in
Glancomkynes, or near the Borders thereof. Con-
nogh mac Guire, fometimes Lord of Fermannagh,
is banished out of the Country, who lives with
ô Rourk, and at this Time ó Connor mac Guire is
poffeffed of it by the Queen and holds it for her.
I believe that generally the Lords of the Coun-
tries that are reclaimed defire a Peace, though
they will be wavering till their Lands and Eftates
are affured unto them from her Majefty, and as
long as they fee a Party in Rebellion to fubfiſt,
that is of Power to ruin them if they continue
Subjects or otherwiſe fhall be doubtful of our
Defence. All that are out do feek for Mercy, ex-
cept 6 Rourk, and 6 Sullivan, who is now with
ở Rourk, and theſe are obftinate only out of their
Diffidence to be fafe in any Forgiveness. The
loofe Men, and fuch as are only Captains of Bon-
naghts, as Tyrrel and Brian mac Art, will nourish
the
274
MORYSON'S History Book III.
i
the War as long as they fee any poffibility to ſub-
fift, and like ill Humours have recourfe to any
Part that is unfound. The Nobility, Towns, and
English-Irish, are for the moft Part as weary of
the War as any, but unwilling to have it ended,
generally, for Fear that upon a Peace will enfue a
fevere Reformation of Religion; and in particular,
many bordering Gentlemen, that were made poor
by their own Faults or by Rebels Incurfions, con-
tinue their Spleen to them, now they are become
Subjects, and having uſed to help themfelves by
Stealths, did never more uſe them, nor better prevail
in them, than now that theſe Submittees have lay'd
afide their own Defence and betaken themſelves
to the Protection and Justice of the State, and
many of them have tafted fo much fweet in En-
tertainments that they rather defire a War to con-
tinue them than a quiet Harveft that might ariſe
out of their own honeft Labour, fo that I do find
none more pernicious Inftruments of a new War
than fome of theſe. In the mean Time Tyrone,
while he fhall live, will blow every Spark of Dif-
content or new Hopes that fhall lie hid in any
Corner of the Kingdom, and before he fhall be
utterly extinguifhed make many Blazes, and fome-
times fet on Fire or confume the next Subjects
unto him: I am perfuaded that his Combination
is already broken, and it is apparent that his Means
to fubfift in any Power is overthrown; but how
long he may live as a Wood-Kerne, and what
new Accidents may fall out while he doth live, I
know not. If it be imputed to my Fault, that
notwithstanding her Majefty's great Forces he
doth ftill live, I befeech your Lordships to re-
member how fecurely the Banditti's of Italy do
live between the Power of the King of Spain and
the Pope: How many Men of all Countries, of
feveral Times, have in fuch Sort preferved them-
felves
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
275
felves long from the great Power of Princes, but
eſpecially in this Country, where there are fo
many Difficulties to carry an Army in moft Places,
fo many inacceffible Strengths for them to fly un-
to, and then to be pleafed to confider the great
Work that firft I had to break this main Re-
bellion, to defend the Kingdom from a dangerous
Invafion of a mighty foreign Prince with fo
ſtrong a Party in the Country, and now the Dif
ficulty to root out fcattered Troops that had fo
many inacceffible Dens to lurk in, which as they
are by Nature of extreme Strength and Peril to
be attempted, fo is it impoffible for any People,
naturally and by Art, to make greater Ufe of
them; and though with infinite Danger we do
beat them out of one, yet is there no Poffibility
for us to follow them with fuch Agility as they
will fly to another, and it is moſt ſure that never
Traitor knew better how to keep his own Head than
this, nor any Subjects have a more dreadful Awe
to lay violent Hands on their facred Prince than
thefe People have to touch the Perfon of their
Neals; and he that hath as peftilent a Judgment
as ever any had, to nourish and to ſpread his own
Infection, hath the ancient Swelling and Defire
of Liberty in a conquered Nation to work upon,
their Fear to be rooted out, or to have their old
Faults puniſhed upon all particular Diſcontents,
and generally over all the Kingdom, the Fear of
Perfecution for Religion, the debafing of the
Coin, (which is grievous unto all Sorts,) and a
Dearth and Famine, which is already begun,
and muſt of Neceffity grow fhortly to Extremi-
ty; the leaſt of which alone have been many
Times fufficient Motives to drive the beſt and
moſt quiet Eſtates into fudden Confuſion: Theſe
will keep all Spirits from fettling, breed new Com-
binations, and (I fear) even ftir the Towns them-
felves to follicit foreign Aid, with Promife to
VOL. II.
S
caft
276 MORYSON's Hiftory Book III.
caft themſelves into their Protection: And al-
though it be true, that if it had pleaſed her Ma-
jefty, to have longer continued her Army in grea-
ter Strength, I fhould the better have provided
for what theſe Clouds do threaten, and fooner and
more eafily either have made this Country a razed
Table, wherein the might have written her own
Laws, or have tied the ill difpoſed and rebellious
Hands, till I had furely planted fuch a Govern-
ment, as would have overgrown and killed any
Weeds, that ſhould have rifen under it, yet fince
the Neceffity of the State doth fo urge a Dimi-
nution of this great Expence, I will not defpair
to go on with this great Work, through all theſe
Difficulties, if we be not interrupted by foreign
Forces, although perchance we may be encoun-
tered with fome new Eruptions, and (by often
adventuring) with fome Difafters; and it may be.
your Lordships fhall fometimes hear of fome Spoils
done upon the Subjects, from the which it is
impoffible to preferve them in all Places, with
far greater Forces than ever yet were kept in this
Kingdom And although it hath been feldom
heard, that any Army hath been carried on with
fo continual Action and Enduring, without any
Intermiffion of Winter Breathings, and that the
Difficulties at this time, to keep any Forces in
the Place where we must make the War, (but
eſpecially our Horſe,) are almoſt beyond any hope
to prevent, yet with the Favour of God and her
Majefty's Fortune, I do determine, my felf to
draw into the Field, as foon as I have received
her Majeſty's Commandments by the Commiffio-
ners, whom it hath pleaſed her to fend over, and
in the mean time I hope, by my own Prefence or
Directions, to fet every Party on Work, that
doth adjoin or may be drawn against any Force
that now doth remain in Rebellion. In which
Journey the Succeſs must be in the Hands of God,
but
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
277
but I will confidently promiſe to omit nothing
that is poffible by us to be done, to give the laſt
Blow unto the Rebellion. But as all Pain and
Anguiſh, impatient of the prefent, doth uſe
change for a Remedy, fo will it be impoffible for
us to fettle the Minds of this People unto a Peace,
or reduce them unto Order, while they feel the
Smart of theſe fenfible Griefs, and apparent Fears
which I have remembred to your Lordships,
without fome Hope of Redrefs or Security.
Therefore I will prefume (how unworthy foever
I am) fince it concerns the Province her Majefty
hath given me, with all Humblenefs to lay be-
fore your grave Judgments, fome few things,
which I think neceffary to be confidered of.
And firft, whereas the Alteration of the Coin,
and taking away of the Exchange, in fuch Mea-
fure as it was firft promiſed, hath bred a general
Grievance unto Men of all Qualities, and fo ma-
ny Incommodities to all Sorts, that it is beyond
the Judgment of any that I can hear, to prevent
aConfufion in this Eftate,by the Continuance there-
of; that (at the leaft) it would pleaſe your Lord-
ſhips to put this People in fome certain Hope,
that upon the End of the War, this new Stan-
dard fhall be abolished, or eaſed, and that in the
mean time the Army may be favourably dealt
with in the Exchange, fince by the laft Procla-
mation your Lordships fent over, they do con-
ceive their Cafe will be more hard than any o-
thers; for if they have allowed them nothing,
but indefinitely as much as they shall meerly gain
out of their Entertainments, that will prove no-
thing to the greater Part. For the only Poffibi-
lity to make them to live upon their Entertain-
ment, will be to allow them Exchange for the
greateſt Part thereof, fince now they do not on-
ly pay exceffive Prices for all things, but can
hard-
S 24
•
278 MORYSON'S History Book III.
hardly get any thing for this Money; and al-
though we have prefumed to alter (in Shew,
though not Effect) the Proclamation in that
Point, by retaining a Power in our felves to pro-
portion their Allowance for Exchange, yet was
it, with a mind to conform our Proceedings there-
in according to your Lordships next Directions,
and therefore do humbly defire to know your
Pleaſures therein. For our Opinions of the laft
Project it pleaſed your Lordships to fend us, I do
humbly leave it to our general Letters, only as
from my felf I made Overture to the Council of
the other you fent directed only to my felf, and
becauſe I found them generally to concur, that
it would prove as dangerous as the firft, I did not
think it fit any otherwife to declare your Lord-
hips Pleaſure therein. And whereas it pleafed
your Lordships in your laſt Letters to command
us to deal moderately in the great Matter of Re-
ligion, I had, before the Receipt of your Lord-
fhips Letters, prefumed to adviſe ſuch as dealt
in it, for a time to hold a more reſtrained Hand
therein, and we were both thinking our felves,
what Courſe to take in the Revocation of what
was already done, with leaft Incouragement to
them and others, fince the Fear that this Courſe
begun in Dublin would fall upon the reft, was
apprehended over all the Kingdom, fo that I
think your Lordships Direction was to great-
Purpoſe, and the other Courfe might have over-
thrown the Means to our own End of Reforma-
tion of Religion. Not that I think too great
Precifenefs can be ufed in the reforming of our
felves, the Abuſes of our own Clergy, Church-
livings, or Difcipline, nor that the Truth of the
Goſpel can with too great Vehemency or Indu-
ftry be fet forward, in all Places, and by all or-
dinary Means molt proper unto it felf, that was
first
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
279
firſt ſet forth and ſpread in Meeknefs, nor that I
think any corporal Profecution or Punishment
can be too ſevere for fuch, as fhall be found fedi-
tious Inftruments of foreign or inward Practices,
nor that I think it fit, that any principal Magi-
ftrates ſhould be chofen without taking the Oath
of Obedience, nor tollerated in abfenting them-
felves from publick divine Service, but that we
may be advised how we do puniſh in their Bodies
or Goods any fuch only for Religion, as do pro-
feſs to be faithful Subjects to her Majefty, and
against whom the contrary cannot be proved.
And fince, if the Irijh were utterly rooted out,
there was much lefs Likelihood that this Coun-
try could be thereby in any time planted by the
English, fince they are fo far from inhabiting well
any Part of that they have already, and that more
than is likely to be inhabited, may be eafily cho-
fen out and reſerved, in fuch Places by the Sea-
fide, or upon great Rivers, as may be planted to
great Purpoſe, for a future abfolute Reducement
of this Country, I think, it would as much a-
vail the ſpeedy fettling of this Country as any
thing, that it would pleaſe her Majefty to deal
liberally with the Irish Lords of Countries, or
fuch as now are of great Reputation among them,
in the Diſtribution of fuch Lands as they have
formerly poffeffed, or the State here can make
little Ufe of her Majefty. If they continue, as
they ought to do, and yield the Queen as much
Commodity as the may otherwife expect, the hath
made a good Purchafe of fuch Subjects for fuch
Land. If any of them hereafter be difobedient
to her Laws, or break forth in Rebellion,
The may when they shall be more divided, ruin
them more eafily, for Example unto others, and
(if it be thought fit) may plant English or other
Irish in their Countries: For although there ever
have been, and hereafter may be fmall Eruptions,
S 3
in
280
MORYSON'S History Book III,
in fome Places, which at the firft may eafily be
fuppreffed, yet the fuffering them to grow to
that general Head and Combination, did queftion-
lefs proceed from great Error in the Judgment
here, and may be eafily (as I think) prevented
hereafter. And further it may pleaſe her Majeſty
to ground her Refolution, for the Time and
Numbers of the next Abatement of the Lift of
her Army, fomewhat upon our poor Advice from
hence, and to believe that we will not fo far
corrupt our Judgments with any private Refpect,
as without neceffity, to continue her Charge, fee-
ing we do thoroughly conceive how grievous it
is unto her Eftate, and that we may not be pre-
cifely tied to an eftablishment, that hall conclude
the Payments of the Treaſurer, fince it hath ever
been thought fit to be otherwife, till the coming
over of the Earl of Eſſex, and fome fuch extraor-
dinary Occafion may fall out, that it will be dan-
gerous to attend your Lordships Refolutions, and
when it will be fafe to diminish the Army here,
that there may be fome Courfe thought of, by
fome other Imployment to disburden this Country
of the idle Sword-men, in whom I find an In-
clination apt enough to be carried elſewhere, ei-
ther by fome of this Country of beft Reputati-
on among them, or in Companies as now they
ftand under English Captains, who may be rein-
forced with the greatest Part of Irish. That it
may be left to our Diſcretion, to make Paffages
and Bridges into Countries otherwife unacceffable,
and to build little Piles of Stone in fuch Garri-
fons, as fhall be thought fittest to be continuaļ
Bridles upon the People, by the Commodity of
which, we may at any tine draw the greateſt
Part of the Army together, to make a Head a-
gainst any Part that fhall firft break out, and yet
referve the Places only with a Ward, to put in
greater Forces as Occafion fhall require, which
+
I am
Chap. L. of IRELAND.
281
I am perfuaded will prove great Pledges upon
this Country, that upon any urgent Cauſe the
Queen may fafely draw the greateft Part of her
Army here out of the Kingdom, to be employed
(at leaſt for a time) elſewhere, wherein I befeech
your Lordships to confider, what a Strength fo
many experienced Captains and Soldiers would be,
to any Army of new Men erected in England, a-
gainst an Invaſion, or fent abroad, in any offen-
five War: But until theſe Places be built, I can-
not conceive how her Majefty (with any Safety)
can make any great Diminution of her Army.
Laftly, I do humbly defire your Lordships to re-
ceive, the further Explanation of my Meaning
and Confirmation of the Reaſons that do induce
me unto theſe Propofitions from the Lord Pre-
fident of Munster, who as he hath been a very
worthy Actor in the Reducement and Defence of
this Kingdom, fo do I think him to be beft able
to give you through Account of the preſent E-
ftate, and future Providence for the Prefervation
thereof, wherein it may pleaſe your Lordships to
require his Opinion, of the Hazard this King-
dom is like to run; if it fhould by any mighty
Power be invaded, and how hard it will be for us
in any Meaſure to provide for the preſent Defence,
if any fuch be intended, and withal to go on with
the Suppreffion of theſe that are left in Rebelli-
on, fo that we muſt either adventure the new
kindling of this Fire, that is almoſt extinguiſhed,
or intending only that, leave the other to ex-
ceeding Peril. And thus having remembred to
your Lordships the moft material Points (as I con-
ceive,) that are fitteft for the prefent to be confi-
dered of, I do humbly recommend my ſelf and
them to your Lordships Favour.
From her Majesty's Castle of
Dublin, this 26th of Fe-
bruary, 1602.
S 4
At
282
MORYSON'S History Book III.
At the fame time the Lord Deputy wrote to
the Lords in England, about his private Affairs,
wherein he fignified, that all Manner of Provi-
fions neceffary for the Maintenance of an Hou-
fhold were (of late efpecially) bought at fuch ex-
ceffive Rates (as well in regard of the Famine
growing daily greater in Ireland, (by the conti-
nual Spoil of the Country, and the Armies cut-
ting down of the Rebels Corn for theſe laſt two
Years) as alfo in regard of the Difvaluation of
the mixed Coin now current, after the taking
away of Exchange (whereof each Shilling had
no more than Two-pence Half-penny Silver in
it,) and that the Prices of the faid Provifions dai-
ly fo increaſed, as four times the Entertainment al-
lowed him by her Majefty for his Maintenance,
would not anſwer his ordinary Expences, except
it would pleaſe their Lordships to allow him Ex-
change for the moft Part of his Entertainment,
that thereby he might be enabled to make his Pro-
vifions out of England.
In the Beginning of March, the Lord Deputy
understood, that Brian mac Art had fecretly ftolen
into Killoltagh, with fome foo Men under his
Leading, (as he had lately done the like, but was
foon driven out again by Sir Arthur Chichester.)
Whereupon his Lordfhip fent Sir Richard Mory-
fon from Dublin up to his Garrifon in Lecail, and
gave him his Lordship's Guard, and three other
Companies of Foot to lead with him, that he
might affift Sir Arthur Chichester in the Profecu-
tion of this Rebel, who was foon driven out of
Killoltagh by thofe Forces.
Now becauſe I have often made mention for-
merly of our deftroying the Rebels Corn, and u-
fing all Means to famifh them, let me by two or
three Examples fhew the miſerable Eftate to which
the Rebels were thereby brought. Sir Arthur
Chichefer, Sir Richard Moryfon, and the other
Commanders
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
283
Commanders of the Forces fent againſt Brian mac
Art aforesaid, in their Return homeward, faw a moft
horrible Spectacle of three Children (whereof the
eldeſt was not above ten Years old,) all eating and
gnawing with their Teeth the Entrails of their
dead Mother, upon whofe Fleſh they had fed 20
Days paft, and having eaten all from the Feet up-
ward to the bare Bones, roafting it continually
by a flow Fire, were now come to the eating of
her faid Entrails in like fort roafted, yet not di-
vided from the Body, being as yet raw. Former
Mention hath been made in the Lord Deputies
Letters, of Carcafes fcattered in many Places, all
dead of Famine. And no doubt the Famine was
ſo great, as the Rebel Soldiers taking all the com-
mon People had to feed upon, and hardly living
thereupon, (fo as they befides fed not only on
Hawks, Kites, and unfavory Birds of Prey, but
on Horſe-fleſh, and other things unfit for Man's
Feeding,) the common Sort of the Rebels were
driven to unspeakable Extremities (beyond the
Record of moft Hiftories that ever I did read in
that kind) the ample relating whereof were an in-
finite Task, yet will I not paſs it over without
adding fome few Inftances. Capt. Trever and ma-
ny honeſt Gentlemen lying in the Newry can wit-
nefs, that fome old Women of thofe Parts, ufed
to make a Fire in the Fields, and divers little
Children driving out the Cattle in the cold Mor-
nings, and coming thither to warm them, were
by them furprized, killed, and eaten, which at
laft was difcovered by a great Girl breaking from
them by Strength of her Body, and Capt. Trever
fending out Soldiers to know the Truth, they
found the Childrens Skulls and Bones, and appre-
hended the old Women, who were executed for
the Fact. The Captains of Carrickfergus, and the
adjacent Garrifons of the Northern Parts can
witneſs, that upon the making of Peace, and re-
ceiving
284
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
ceiving the Rebels to Mercy, it was a common
Practice among the common Sort of them (I mean
fuch as were not Sword-men,) to thrust long
Needles into the Horſes of our English Troops,
and they dying thereupon, to be ready to tear out
one another's Throat for a Share of them. And
no Spectacle was more frequent in the Ditches of
Towns, and eſpecially in wafted Countries, than
to ſee Multitudes of theſe poor People dead with
their Mouths all coloured green by eating Nettles,
Docks, and all things they could rend up above
Ground. Theſe and very many like lamentable
Effects followed their Rebellion, and no doubt the
Rebels had been utterly deftroyed by Famine, had
not a general Peace fhortly followed Tyrone's Sub-
miffion (befides Mercy formerly extended to ma-
ny others,) by which the Rebels had Liberty to
feek Relief among the Subjects of Ireland, and
to be tranſported into England and France, where
great Multitudes of them lived for fome Years af-
ter the Peace made.
The 4th of March the Lord Deputy received
Letters from Sir Henry Dockwra, advertiſing ma-
ny vehement Sufpicions of Sir Neal Garvey's dif-
loyal Purpoſes, namely, his underhand putting
Mac Swyne to go again into Rebellion, and to
take an Iſland of his, which was a fit Place to
fet up a new Rebellion, and alſo his making a
Storehouſe of Arms, with extraordinary Provi-
fions of them. Further he advertiſed, that him-
felf uſed all Means to keep Tyrone in the Glins
(where he now was) till his Lordship came up
(which Journey he adviſed to be in the Begin-
ning of the next Month,) but underſtanding that
within few Days he would remove towards Fer-
managh, howsoever the English there at that time
were weak, yet he would lie for the Arch-rebel
on his Way to Omy, or Agher, not doubting but
in the Paffage of thofe Plains he should have fome
Op-
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
285
Opportunity of fighting with him, and (at the
leaft) to take good Part of his Prey from him.
Lattly, he advertiſed, that he had razed Henry
Ovington's Castle,and Mac Hugh's Ifland, which both
had been Nefts and ftarting Holes for Thieves.
The 15th of March the Lord Deputy left Dub-
lin, and rode towards the Northern Borders,
where his Lordship (with his Retinue) lay to and
fro, the remaining few Days of this Year (and
Part of the Beginning of the next, till Tyrone
was received to Mercy, and the War ended) to the
end his Lordſhip being in thoſe Parts, might give
Life to the preſent Service, as well of the Forces
fent to profecute ô Rourk, as of the Garriſons ly-
ing in wait for all Advantages upon Tyrone him-
felf and his broken Partakers.
Touching Munster Affairs in the The Affairs of
Years 1602, the Lord Deputy at his Munster.
coming from Cork caufed Sir Richard Percy to be
fworn Counſellor for the Province of Munster,
and in his Journal towards Kilkenny Knighted three
Irish Men, John Fitz Edmonds and two Citizens
of Waterford, Edward Gough, and Richard Ayl-
ward. The Lord Prefident at Kilkenny took his
leave of the Lord Deputy, and making fhort
Journies, by reafon he was fickly, came not to
Cork, till the 3d of April, 1602.
When the Spaniards by Compofition were to
render the Caſtles in the Weſt, ô Sullivan Beare had
furprized his Caftle of Dunboy in Beer-haven from
the Spaniards, whereof fome were killed in the
Surprifal, which freed them from Sufpicion to
have yielded it voluntarily contrary to the Com-
pofition. This ftrong Caftle upon an excellent
Haven ó Sullivan kept for the King of Spain, ha-
ving 60 Warders with him at firft, and three
Pieces of Spanish Ordnance. The Lord Prefident
meaning to take this Caftle, took the Field the
23d of April, and after many Attempts upon the
Rebels,
286
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
Rebels, in which fome of them were killed, and
fome taken and executed, and many Preys taken
by Parties fent out, it was reſolved the 14th of
May to pass the Forces over to an Ifland, called
the great Ifland, that way to march to Beer-haven,
the Way thither by Land, being unpaffable for
the Victuals and Carriages, befides many Places
of Advantage in the Mountains, where the Re-
bels, though few in Number, might diftrefs a
great Army, and eaſily forbid their Paffage. Here
by the Sea-fide, the Foot ftayed for the Ships
carrying the Victuals, Munition and Ordnance,
which were detained by contrary Winds till the
laft of May. The 6th of June, the Forces were
ferried over to the Land near Caftle-Dermot,
where they incamped; and though they landed in
another Part than the Rebels expected, who lay
there to hinder, and impeach their landing, yet
the Rebels hafted to them to begin the Skirmish
with them, when they were in good Order, and
almoft had all paffed the Ferry, fo as the Rebels
having no Advantage in this Fight, they left 28
dead in the Place, and had more than 30 wound-
ed, whereof Capt. Tirrel was one, being flightly
hurt in the Belly, and fome were taken Priſoners,
whereas on our Part only 7 were hurt. The 10th
of June, our Forces having landed their Ord-"
nance, incamped within Musket-fhot of the Caſtle
of Dunboy, but not within the Sight of the Caſtle,
a rifing Ground lying between the Camp and the
Caſtle, fo as the great Shot from the Caftle flew
over the Camp without doing any hurt. The
12th a Fort within the Iſland of Dorfes, kept by
the Rebels, was furprized by the English, and all
the Rebels killed or hanged, and therein were
taken three Iron Pieces of Spanish Ordnance.
The 17th of June after two Days Battery, the
English affaulted the Breach, and poffeffed Part of
the Cattle Dunboy, the Rebels keeping and de-
fending
Chap. I.
of IRELAND.
287
fending the reft, all that Day and Night, and
great Part of the next, at which time the English
were by Force made full Mafters of it. The Re-
bels defending it, were 134 felected Soldiers, and
all of them were killed in the Caftle, or feeking
to fly, or being Prifoners were executed in the
Camp, except 12 Men of chief Account, and
moſt eſteemed by Tirrel, which were kept to be
examined upon Torture, or to work fome good
for the Service with Tirrel, by the faving of their
Lives. Of Spanish Ordnance, there was taken
one Demi-Culverin, two Sakers, and one Falcon
of Braſs, and two Sakers, five Minions, and one
Falcon of Iron. The Gunners were Italians and
Spaniards, who perished with the reft, nine Bar-
rels of Powder taken in the Caftle, were imploy-
ed to blow it up, left any Spaniards or Rebels
might after make uſe of it.
This Caſtle taken, the Lord Prefident returned
to Cork, where Sir Samuel Bagnol attended his
coming with Letters from the Lord Deputy, and,
according to his Lordships Directions, the Lord
Preſident ſent by him 1500 Foot, being above the
old Munſter Lift, who came with theſe Forces to
the Lord Deputy the 29th of July, and brought
Letters from the Lord Prefident, advertiſing the
above-mentioned confident Expectation of a ſe-
cond Spaniſh Invafion. At the fame Time Sir
Edward Wingfield was landed at Cork, bringing to
the Lord Prefident 500 Foot for Supplies of the
weak Companies. Sir Charles Wilmot, Governor
of Kerry, wherein were many provincial Rebels,
befides a thouſand Strangers to help them,) had
before the Siege of Dunboy profecuted mac Mor-
ris, cleared Kerry of all Rebels, and profecuted
them into Desmond, taken Caftles and great Preys
of Cows, and brought the Knight of Kerry on
his Knees, and this done he marched towards the
Lord Prefident in his Way to Dunboy, and united
his
288
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
his Forces to the Army. After the taking of that
Caftle he was now again fent into Kerry, with
Directions that all Garrifons fhould burn the Corn
they could not gather, and that he fhould remove
the Irish Inhabitants with their Goods to a Coun-
try near Limrick, that the Spaniards, again ex-
pected, might make no Ufe of them. In Auguft
the Lord Prefident was advertiſed that many in
Carbery revolted, and that, upon a Ship from Spain
not long before arrived with Money to diſtribute
among the most active Rebels, Donogh mac Carty
and Finnen, his Brother, (who had attended the
Lord Prefident at the Siege of Dunboy,) were
now revolted, and had taken imprefs Money from
the King of Spain, whereupon the two Captains,
Roger and Gawen Harvey, lying there in Garrifon,
had taken many Preys from them, and fpoiled the
Country. And yet by daily Intelligence the Lord
Prefident underſtood that the News of the taking
of Dunboy coming into Spain, the King had com-
manded to stay all his Provifions for Ireland till
his Pleaſure were further fignified: And no doubt,
the Queen's Fleet, lying at this Time upon the
Coaſt of Spain, most of all difcouraged him from
any new Attempt in Succour of the Irish Rebels.
About the End of Auguft it was generally divul-
ged in Munster that a Spanish Fleet was difcovered
upon the Coaſt, whereupon the Irish pofted up
and down the Country with great Signs of Joy,
fo as at the Lord Prefident's Suit Sir Samuel Bag-
nol was ſent back to him with the Forces he had
formerly led out of Munster to the Lord De-
puty.
The
Chap. I.
289
of IRELAND.
The 2d of September the Lord Prefident received
this following gracious Letter written from the
Queen with her own Hand.
H
Your Sovereign, E. R.
My faithful George,
OW joy'd We are that fo good event hath
followed fo troubleſome Endeavours, labo-
rious Cares, and heedful Travels, you may gueſs,
but We beft can witneſs, and do proteft that your
Safety hath equalled the moſt thereof. And fo
God even bless you in all your Actions.
About this Time the Lord Preſident having re-
ceived manifeft Proofs that Cormack mac Dermot,
Lord of Muskerry, had lately committed many
Acts of Treafon, caufed him to be apprehended
and committed Prifoner to the Gentleman Porter,
and hearing his Followers practiſed his Eſcape,
gave the faid Gentleman Porter Charge to keep him
fafely, upon his Danger to anfwer for him; in
the mean Time feizing all his Caftles into her
Majesty's Hands, and likewife caufing his Wife
and Children to be brought Prifoners to Cork.
Notwithſtanding, Cormock eſcaped out of a Win-
dow the 29th of September; yet being heartned to
Rebellion by Capt. Tyrrel and 6 Sullivan Bear, he
confidered that his Caftles were all in the Queen's
Power, his eldeſt Son, lately Student in Oxford,
was now kept Prifoner in the Tower, that his
youngeſt Son, his Wife and Daughter, and many
of his chief Followers were now Priſoners at
Cork, and that the Rebels defiring to join with
him were hunger-ftarved, and would live upon
his Country already wafted, and therefore he wifely
chofe to fubmit himſelf to her Majefty's Mercy,
and
!
290
MORYSON'S History Book III.
and upon the 22d of October this his Submiffion
was accepted.
About this Time the Lord Prefident heard that ô
Donnel was dead in Spain. The 23d of October Sir Sa-
muel Bagnol, with the Regiment fent back from the
Lord Deputy, fell by Night upon Tyrrel's Camp, ly-
ing in Muskerry, to expect Cormack's Return, killed
80 of his Men, made him fly away in his Shirt,
took all his Cattle, being more than 1000, with
60 Horſes and Hacknies, befides Things unfeen
in Irish Spoils, as Velvet, outlandish Apparel,
Spanish Coin, and all the Money Tyrrel had got-
ten of the Proportion fent from Spain, and made
Tyrrel fly into the Mountains of Defmond. In
November Sir Charles Wilmot brake by Night in-
to the Quarter of the Knight of Kerry, killed 40
of his Men, took roo Cows, 200 Garrons, and
two Month's Provifion of Meal. The Rebels
Tyrrel, Burk, ô Sullivan, and Mac Morris, being
daily affaulted by the Engliſh and ſpoiled of their
Cattle the reft of this Month and the following.
of December, and having many of their beſt Men
killed, fuddenly fell into Difputations, and after
to Controverfies, and fo the Strangers refolved to
fteal away, as they did with great Amazement,
leaving the Faſtneffes they had held to the ran-
facking of the Engliſh, firſt Tyrrel, then William
Burk, who leading 1500 Men, marched towards
the Pale, Sir Charles Wilmot having firft in another
Conflict with them, killed many of the moft for-
ward Kerne, taken all their Baggage and Prey of
Cattle, being 2000 Cows, 4000 Sheep, and 1000
Garrons.
In December, the Lord Prefident, leaving Sir
Charles Wilmot to command in chief all the For-
ces, having befides the Lord Barry with 1600
Provincials under him, to attend fuch Service as
he fhould direct, left the Province of Munfter to
meet the Lord Deputy at Gallway in Connaught.
In
Chap. I. of IRELAND.
291
In the mean Time the faid Rebels fled towards
the Pale as broken Men, fome refolving to join
with Tyrone, and fome to return into Connaught
their own Country, wherewith the Munfter Re-
bels were fo daunted, as they daily came in to Sir
Charles Wilmot in great Numbers, and with much
Cattle, to fubmit themſelves to Mercy. The
Lord Prefident, before his Journey into Connaught,
took Order that ó Sullivan Bear's Country fhould
be ſo waſted as neither Spaniards nor Rebels
ſhould find Relief there. About this Time Capt.
Taaf, commanding our Irishmen in Carbery, affailed
a Band of Rebels led by a Prieft, the Pope's
Nuntio, killed him with moſt of his Men, and
got all their Cattle: And now in the Abſence of
ô Sullivan, fled away, his Country was wafted and
his Caſtles all taken. The forefaid Prieſt was a
Man of ſpecial Authority, fo as upon his Death
the mac Cartys and all Carbery fubmitted to Mer-
cy, and had Power over all fpiritual Livings in
Ireland, fo as all Priefts depended upon him.
The Lord Prefident returned into Munster in
January from Connaught, and having fent Sir Ed-
ward Wingfield with certain Companies of Foot
into Connaught, according to the Lord Deputy's
Direction, and leaving Sir Charles Wilmot and Sir
George Thornton Commiffioners to govern Munster,
himſelf in the Beginning of February rode to Dub-
lin, leaving no Rebel in Munster but Mac Mor-
ris the Knight of the Glin, Thomas Oge, and Con-
nur ô Driſcol, not able jointly to make 200 Men,
whereof Mac Morris in few Days was well beaten
and ſpoiled of all he had by Sir Charles Wilmot.
And in the Beginning of March the Lord Prefi-
dent failed into England from Dublin.
VOL. II.
T
CHA P.
$
292
MORYSON'S History Book III.
+
CHA P. II.
Of Tyrone's taking to Mercy, whereby the War
was fully Ended: And of a new Mutiny of the
Cities of Munfter for eftablishing the publick Ex-
ercife of the Roman Religion, with the appeafing
thereof in the Beginning of the Year 1603; to-
gether with the Lord Deputy's recalling into Eng-
land, and the Rewards there given him for his
Service in the Beginning of the Year 1603; with
Mention of his untimely Death within few Years
after, and a Word of the State of Ireland ſome
ten Years after.
The 25th of March, in the Beginning of the Year
1603, the Lord Deputy wrote this following Let-
ter from Mellifant, Sir Garret More's Houfe,
to Mafter Secretary in England.
I
SIR,
HAVE received, by Capt. Hays, her Maje-
fty's Letters of the 6th of February, wherein
I am directed to fend for Tyrone, with Promiſe of
Security for his Life only, and upon his Arrival,
without further Affurance, to make Stay of him
till her Pleaſure fhould be further known; and at
the fame Time I received another from her Ma-
jefty of the 17th of February, wherein it pleaſed
her to enlarge the Authority given unto me to
affure him of his Life, Liberty, and Pardon, up-
on fome Conditions remembered therein: And
withal I received a Letter from yourſelf of the
18th of February, recommending to me your own
Advice
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
293
Advice to fulfil (as far as I poffibly could) the
Meaning of her Majeſty's firſt Letter, and figni-
fying her Pleaſure that I fhould feek by all the
beſt Means I can to promiſe him his Pardon by
fome other Name than Earl of Tyrone, and rather
by the Name of Baron of Dungannon, or if it
needs muſt be, by the Name of fome other Earl.
Secondly, to deliver him hisCountry in lefs Quantity
and with leſs Power than before he had it. And
laftly, to force him to clear his Paces and Paffa-
ges, made difficult by him againft any Entry into
his Country. And now fince it hath pleafed her
Majefty, by fo great a Truft, to give me ſo com-
fortable Arguments of her Favour, I am incou-
raged the more freely to prefume to declare my
felf in this great Matter, which I call great, be-
cauſe the Confequence is great and dangerous to
be dealt in without the Warrant of her gracious
Interpretation. And though my Opinion herein
fhould proceed from a long and adviſed Confide-
ration, defcribed with large and many Circum-
ftances, and confirmed with ftrong and judicial
Reaſons, yet, becauſe I think it fit to haften away
this Meffenger, I will write of theſe Things fome-
what, though on the fudden, and commit the reft
to the fufficient Judgment and Relation of the
Lord Prefident now in his Journey towards you,
and the rather, becauſe I find him to concur with
me in the Apprehenfion of this Caufe and of the
State of all other Things, of this Kingdom: And
firft, for her Majefty's firft Letter, I pray you,
Sir, believe me, that I have omitted nothing,
both by Power and Policy, to ruin him and ut-
terly to cut him off, and if by either I may pro-
cure his Head, before I have engaged her royal
Word for his Safety, I do proteft I will do it, and
much more be ready to poffefs myſelf of his Per-
fon if by only Promife of Life, or by any other
Means whereby I fhall not directly fcandal the
Majefty
T 2
(
294
MORYSON'S History Book III.
Majeſty of publick Faith, I can procure him to
put himſelf into my Power. But to ſpeak my
Opinion freely, I think that he, or any Man in
his Cafe, would hardly adventure his Liberty to
preferve only his Life, which he knoweth
how fo well to fecure by many other Ways,
for if he fly into Spain, that is the leaſt
whereof he can be affured, and moft Men (but
efpecially he) do make little Difference between
the Value of their Life and Liberty, and to deceive
him I think it will be hard; for though wifer
Men than he may be over-reached, yet he
hath ſo many Eyes of Jealoufy awake, that it
will be impoffible to charm them, and I do (upon
affured Ground) believe, that it is nothing but
Fear of his Safety that of a long Time (eſpecially
of late) have kept him from Conformity to the
State, and if any Thing do keep him now from
accepting the loweft Conditions, and from fettling
himſelf and his Heart to a conſtant ſerving of her
Majefty, it will be Fear of an abfolute Forgive-
nefs, or the Want of fuch an Eftate as may in any
Meaſure content him. The Danger of his fub-
fifting as he doth is either, if there come no fo-
reign Forces to maintain ftill a looſe Head of
Rebellion, (which will be better able to offend
any fuch as are become Subjects than we can be
if we were a thoufand Times more, to defend
them at all Times and in all Places,) to ftir up and
to maintain all Humours, and to be a Wound re-
maining open, unto which they may have recourſe
and upon all Accidents be ready to fwell or to infect
the whole Body of this Kingdom; otherwife, if
there fhould be any Invafion, to be a powerful
and politick Head to draw this Country to their
Affiftance: If there come no foreign Forces, and
that he ſhould be cut off, yet is it likely fome
other, in the Nature of a ſpoiling Outlaw, would
arife
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
295
be ariſe up in his Place as ill as himſelf; and if he
kept Priſoner the like Effects will arife as if he
were dead: If he be cut off, or kept Priſoner,
and the Spaniards fhould arrive, moſt of the Sword-
men will flock unto them for Advantage of Pay,
and the Diſcontentment of Lords of Countries
would be as great, or greater, than if he were
among them, and therefore they as likely to fall
then as now to the Spanish Party; but if it were
poffible to make him a good Subject, the Ufe her
Majefty may make of him muſt be amongſt theſe
People, fince during his Life and Liberty none
will aſpire to that Place of ô Neal, which doth carry
with it fo great an Intereft in the North, and
what Intereſt he hath he may be led to employ
to ſuppreſs and ſettle the Minds of the People to
Government, and having once declared himſelf
to be a dutiful Subject, it will be firft a great
Difcouragement for the Spaniards to come; and
if they do come, if he continue honeft, his Pre-
fence and Intereft will fway the North from giving
them Affiſtance or annoying the Subjects if we
withdraw our Garriſons, and make the reft of
Ireland more adviſed how they declare themſelves.
againſt the State,
Sir, to conclude, becauſe I cannot fhortly ex-
preſs mine own Mind herein, I think it beft, if
it pleaſe her Majefty to receive him. to
her Mercy, ſo that firft his Submiffion be
made in as humble Sort, and as much for her
Majeſty's Honour as can be deviſed, and then
that the affure him of abfolute Forgiveneſs and
forgetting of his Faults, and as much Honour
and Profit as he had before, provided that we
take from him (as much as poffibly we may) thoſe
Locks wherein his chiefeft Strength lies; other-
wife I am perfuaded, either the Queen fhall not
ſerve her own Turn by him if the keep him Pri-
foner, or he will ferve his Turn if he live at Li-
T 3
berty
296
MORYSON'S History Book III.
1
berty and ever have (Animum revertendi) an Affec-
tion to relapfe. How I am refolved to proceed
in this Buſineſs you ſhall know by the Lord Pre-
fident, which notwithſtanding many Things may
alter, but for the Subftance I do think we fhall
be able to compafs as much as by her Majefty's
laft Letter is required, and by yours written after
that, except that Point of the taking from him
the Title of the Earldom of Tyrone, for the which
I think there be many Reafons that it ſhould not
be much ſtood upon. Befides what I have writ-
ten before of giving him Contentment, which
may be apply'd to this, firft, you do but give him
a Title which he did shake off as a Mark of his
Bondage, and that which he falls from, to accept
this, he did as much prefer before this as the E-
ftate of an abfolute Prince before the Condition of
a Subject, and it is the Name of ô Neal, with the
which he hath done fo much Mifchief, that is
fatal and odious, and not the Name of Tyrone,
which he was fain to leave before he could have
Power to become a Rebel; for believe me, out
of my Experience, the Titles of our Honours
do rather weaken than ftrengthen them in this
Country, and if you give him the fame Degree,
but with another Name, it may be thought a
Condition rather by him obtained than by us im-
pofed, especially if he enjoyeth his Country; and
laftly, if you make him only Baron of Dungannon,
you leave in him a Spur to difcontentment with-
out any greater Bridle from doing Hurt, for his
Power will be never the leſs, and yet he that
doth not fit eafily will ever think of another Seat,
and his own Title will the more run in his Mind
the more he is unfatisfied with this new. Not-
withstanding all my Opinions of thefe Things
I will run as near as I can to the ftraighteft Line
of her Majesty's Pleafure, and I prefume I will
fo handle this Matter that I will be fure her Ma-
jeſty's
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
297
jeſty's Honour ſhall not be endangered, (I mean)
by the Authority fhe hath given me, which any
Man fhall hardly take Notice of till I be affured up-
on what Terms I fhall find him; and if his Requeſts
be not as humble as becometh him, or as by her
Majefty is required, he fhall make little Ufe of
any Negotiation that ſhall be with him. And fo,
Sir, &c.
Touching the receiving of Tyrone The Earl of Ty-
to Mercy, no Man fhall take from rone received to
Mercy.
me the Reputation (fuch as it is) to
have been the inftrumental Cauſe of doing this
Honour to my deceaſed Sovereign and my Nation,
and of giving this difgraceful Blow to the Arch-
traitor Tyrone, that he humbly fubmitted himſelf
to Queen Elizabeth, finding Mercy at her royal
Feet, whom he had proudly offended, and whoſe
fole Power (in deſpite of his domeftical Aflociates
and foreign Support,) had brought him on his
Knees, and that the Victory was fully atchieved
by the fole Sword of the English Nation and well
affected Engliſh-Irish whofe Blood he had ſpilt;
and that fo the Arch-traitor loft the Means longer
to fubfift in Rebellion by the Advantage of Eng-
land's unfettled Eftate, or at leaſt the Advantage
and the Vain-glory to faften Merit on the facred
Majefty of King James, the faid Queen's happy
Succeffor, by fubmitting to his royal Mercy, and
fo hiding the extreme Mifery in which he was
plunged, to have made this his Action feem alto-
gether voluntary and every Way noble in him to
which he was forced by the higheſt Conſtraint
and in the moſt baſe Manner that can be imagi-
ned: Now as no Man knoweth the Circumftan-
ces of this Action better than myſelf, fo I will
briefly and truly relate them; Queen Elizabeth had
been fick for more then a Month's Space, and of
fame apparent Danger of her Death, the Lord
T 4
Deputy
298 MORYSON's History Book III,
Deputy had been advertiſed, and at this Time fhe
was dead, (departing the 24th of March, the laft
Day of the Year paft,) though it were not known
to the Lord Deputy till the 27th of March in the
Night, nor publickly, or to Tyrone himſelf, till
the 5th of April, after his humble Submiffion
made before the Lord Deputy to the Queen as
then living, though indeed the were dead. This
Buſineſs paffed in Manner following: There was
a Gentleman among the voluntary Followers of
the Lord Deputy who had long been earneftly
ambitious of the Honour of Knighthood, which
by no Endeavours of Service, Expence of Mo-
ney, or Affiftance of Friends, he could hitherto
attain: Now a Servant of his poſting from Lon-
don, and getting a happy Paffage at Sea, came
upon the 27th of March (late in the Night) to
Mellifant, where the Lord Deputy then lay, and
brought with him the firft News of the Queen's
Death, which when he had related to his Mafter,
he having been long pleaſed to take my Advice in
his Affairs, advertiſed me of theſe News and
brought his Servant to confirm the fame in my
Hearing; whereupon I required his Servant not
to ſpeak a Word thereof to any Man, threatning
him with the Lord Deputy's Diſpleaſure and fe-
vere Puniſhment if any fuch Rumour were ſpread
by him: Then I was bold to give his Maſter
Confidence of receiving the Honour he defired if
he would follow my Advice, which was this, that
he fhould go to the Lord Deputy and tell him
this Report of the Queen's Death brought by
his Servant, and the ftrict Charge he had given
unto him for the concealing thereof till his Lord-
fhip fhould think fit to make it known, and withal
to make tender of himſelf and all his Means to
follow his Lordship's Fortune in this doubtful
Time (for fuch it was in Expectation, though
moft happy in Event.) The Gentleman did as I
adviſed,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
299
adviſed, and for his particular it took the fame
Effect which I expected, as I will fhew, when I
have firſt ſet fet down how his Lordship hereupon
proceeded with Tyrone.
The Lord Deputy, being warranted by the
Queen's Letters above-written to receive Tyrone
to her Majefty's Mercy, had, upon the 25th of
March, fent Sir William Godolphin and Sir Garret
Moor to treat with him, for which they had a
Commiffion in theſe Words;
Mountjoy,
W
HEREAS the Earl of Tyrone hath made
humble Suit unto us, that upon his peni-
tent Submiffion to her Majefty's Mercy we would
be pleafed to fend fome Gentlemen to whom he
might make known his humble Petitions and im-
part fomewhat to them that doth much concern
her Majefty's Service: For the great Truſt we
repofe in you, and the good Opinion we conceive
of your difcreet Judgments, we have made Choice
of you to be employed herein, and do by theſe
Prefents give you both jointly and feverally our
abfolute Warrant and Authority, upon this Oc-
cafion of her Majefty's Service, to parley and
confer with him, or any of his Adherents, or
Followers, provided that of this your Conference
you fhall with all convenient Speed give us Know-
ledge in all Particulars, and of all his and your
Proceedings herein, to the End you may receive
our further Directions: And for fo doing this fhall
be your fufficient Warrant.
Given at Tredagh, the 24th
of March, 1602.
To our trusty and well-beloved Sir
William Godolphin and Sir
Garret Moore, Knights.
When
300 MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
When I had written this Commiffion his Lord-
ſhip commanded me to write this following Pro-
tection.
Mountjoy,
HEREAS upon the humble Suit and Sub-
W miffion of Hugh, Earl of Tyrone, and his
penitent Contrition for his former Offences, by
many Meffages and Letters fignified unto Us,
We have thought good to receive into her Ma-
jefty's most gracious Protection his own Perfon
and fuch as fhall come in his Company, with
Safety to him, and them, and the reft of his Fol-
lowers whatfoever, (dwelling in the County of
Tyrone, or now abiding with him,) as well in their
Bodies as Goods, for and during the Space of three
Weeks, to the End he might repair unto us to
let us more fully underſtand his humble Petitions.
Theſe are ftreightly to charge and command all
and every her Majefty's Officers, Minifters, and
Subjects, to permit and fuffer him and them
peaceably to enjoy the Benefit thereof without
any Reſtraint, Moleftation, or hoftile Act, againſt
him or his, in their Bodies or Goods, during the
Time above limited: So as in the mean Time he
and they continue of good and dutiful Behaviour
towards her Majefty and this State,
Given at Tredagh, the 24th
of March, 1602.
To all Commanders of Horfe
and Foot, and to all other
her Majefty's Officers and
Subjects to whom it may
appertain.
Likewife
"
Chap. II.
301
of IRELAND.
Likewiſe his Lordship commanded me to write
feveral Letters to the Governors of Garrifons,
requiring them to give Tyrone and his Followers
full Benefit of this Protection: And thefe Wri-
tings, being all figned by the Lord Deputy, were
delivered to Sir William Godolphin, with Charge,
that when Tyrone was in his Company, and on
the Way to come to his Lordſhip, then (and not
before) he ſhould deliver him the Protection, and
likewife the Letters, to be fent to the feveral Gar-
rifons, by his own Meffengers. Thefe Commif-
fioners on the 26th of March, fent one Bath from
Armagh to Tyrone to prepare the Way of their
Meeting. The 27th both the Commiffioners
came to Charlemount, where Sir William Godol-
phin ftay'd for his Troop of Horſe, but Sir Gar-
ret Moore rode that Night to Tullogb-Oge, where
he spake with Tyrone. The 28th Sir Garret
Moore wrote to Sir William that Tyrone was fully
refolved to obey the Lord Deputy's Command-
ments, and would meet him the next Morning at
Nine of the Clock, to ride forward in his Com-
pany to the Lord Deputy: And Henry Hagan,
who brought this Letter, gave Sir William cons
fident Affurance of Tyrone's Performance.
The fame 28th Day the Lord Deputy being at
Mellifant, and there having the forefaid Notice
of the Queen's Death, and confidering that this
Rumour was no good Ground for a new Treaty
with Tyrone, yet breaking out, were it true or
falfe, might cauſe new Combuftions in Ireland,
moft apt to relapfe into new Tumults (as appeared
by the enfuing Mutiny of the very Cities and
corporate Towns,) as alfo, that if it were true,
then he had no Power from the fucceeding King
to receive Tyrone to Mercy; yea, that in Cafe it
fhould prove falfe, then fuch Treaty with the
Arch-traitor in any other than Queen Elizabeth's
Name might prove very dangerous to him. For
thefe
}
i
302 MORYSON'S History Book III.
the
theſe Reaſons he refolved ſpeedily to ſtrike up
former Treaty with Tyrone, and ſo preſently dif-
patched a Horfeman to Sir William Godolphin to
advertiſe him thereof, and to require him to haften
Tyrone's coming, by remembrance to him that his
former Delays in Treaties had much incenſed the
Queen, and by threatning him that if he made the
leaft Delay of his Submiffion his Power to do him
Good might be eafily reftrained, and then he ſhould
expect nothing from him but a fharp Proſecution
to his utter Ruin. Sir William having received
theſe his Lordship's and Sir Garret's forefaid Let-
ters, thought it no Time to ſtand nicely upon
Terms of Equality, (which might argue his Di-
ftruft of Tyrone, and awaken in him his old Jea-
loufies of our Meaning to him,) and therefore,
leaving Order that his Troop fhould follow him,
did ride from Charlemount, and met Tyrone on the
29th of March, at Nine of the Clock in the
Morning, at Toker, a Place lying five Miles be-
yond Dungannon, where fhewing him the Lord
Deputy's Protection he most humbly and thank-
fully accepted thereof, and fo committed himſelf
to the Commiffioners to ride in their Company
to the Lord Deputy. By the Way they delivered
his Protection to his own Hands, and likewiſe the
Letters which he was to fend to the feveral Go-
vernors by his own Meffengers.
On the 30th of March, 1603, they came alto-
gether to Mellifant in the Afternoon, where Ty◄
rone, being admitted to the Lord Deputy's Cham-
ber, kneeled at the Door humbly on his Knees for
a long Space, making his penitent Submiffion to
her Majefty; and after, being required to come
nearer to the Lord Deputy, performed the fame
Ceremony in all Humbleneſs the Space of one
Hour or thereabouts. The next Day he alfo
made a moſt humble Submiffion in Writing, figned
with
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
303
with his own Hand, in Manner and Form fol-
lowing (as appears upon Record.)
Hugh ô Neal, by the Queen of England, France,
I &
and Ireland, her moft gracious Favour created
Earl of Tyrone, do with all true and humble Pe-
nitency proftrate myſelf at her royal Feet, and
abfolutely fubmit myſelf unto her Mercy, moſt
forrowfully imploring her gracious Commiferation,
and appealing only to her Princely Clemency,
without prefuming to juftify my unloyal Proceed-
ings against her facred Majefty; only moſt for-
rowfully and earnestly defiring that it may pleaſe
her Majeſty rather in fome Meaſure to mitigate
her juft Indignation againſt me, in that I do re-
ligiously vow that the firft Motives of my un-
natural Rebellion were neither Practice, Malice,
nor Ambition, but that I was induced firft by
Fear of my Life (which I conceived was fought
by my Enemies Practice) to ſtand upon my Guard,
and after moſt unhappily led to make good that
Fault with more hainous Offences, the which in
themſelves I do acknowledge deſerve no Forgive-
neſs, and that it is impoffible for me, in reſpect of
their Greatneſs, in any Proportion, even with my
Life to make Satisfaction; I do moft humbly de-
fire her Majeſty to pardon them, that as I have
been already a fufficient Argument of her royal
Power, having little left but my Life to preferve
itſelf, fo that it may now pleafe her Majefty to
make me an Example of her Princely Clemency,
the chiefeſt Ornament of her high Dignity: And
that I may be the better able hereafter with the
uttermoft Service of my Life to redeem the Foul-
neſs of my Faults, I do moft humbly fue unto
her Majefty that ſhe will vouchfafe to reftore me
to my former Dignity and Living, in which E-
ftate of a Subject I do religiously vow to conti-
nue for ever hereafter loyal in all true Obedience
to
304
MÓRYSON's History Book III.
to her Royal Perfon, Crown, Prerogative, and
Laws, and to be in all things as far and as duti-
fully conformable thereunto, as I or any other
Nobleman of this Realm is bound by the Dutỷ
of a Subject to his Sovereign, or by the Laws
of this Realm, utterly renouncing and abjuring
the Name and Title of ô Neal, or any other Au-
thority or Claim, which hath not been granted
or confirmed unto me by her Majefty, and that
otherwiſe by the Laws of this Realm, I may not
pretend juft Intereft unto, and I do religiouſly
fwear to perform fo much as is above mentioned,
and the reft of thefe Articles, fubfcribed by my
own Hand, as far as fhall any way lie in my Pow-
er, and to deliver fuch Pledges for the Perform-
ance thereof, as fhall be nominated unto me by
the Lord Deputy.
I do renounce and abjure all foreign Power
whatſoever, and all kind of Dependency upon any
other Potentate but her Majeity the Queen of
England, France, and Ireland, and do vow to ferve
her faithfully against any foreign Power invading
her Kingdoms, and to diſcover truly any Practices
that I do, or fhall know against her Royal Per-
fon or Crowns; and namely and efpecially, I do
abjure and renounce all Manner of Dependency
upon the King or Eftate of Spain, or Treaty
with him or any of his Confederates, and fhall be
ready with the uttermoft of my Ability to ferve
her Majefty against him, or any of his Forces or
Confederates.
I do abfolutely renounce all Challenge or Inter-
meddling with the Vriaghts, or foftering with
them or other neighbour Lords, or Gentlemen
out of my Country, or exacting any black Rents
of any Vriaghts (or bordering Lords.)
I do refign all Claim and Title to any Lands,
but fuch as fhall be now granted unto me by her
Majeſty's Letters Patents.
Laftly,
!
Chap. II.
305
of IRELAND.
Laftly, as the only being a Subject, doth in-
clude all the Duties of a Subject, fo will I be
content to be informed, and adviſed by her Ma-
giftrates here, and will be conformable and affift-
ing unto them, in any thing that may tend to the
Advancement of her Service, and the peaceable
Government of this Kingdom, as namely for the
aboliſhing of all barbarous Cuſtoms, contrary to
the Laws, being the Seeds of all Incivility, and
for the clearing of difficult Paffages and Places,
which are the Nurſeries of Rebellion, wherein I
will employ the Labours of the People of my
Country, in fuch Sort and in fuch Places, as I
ſhall be directed by her Majefty, or the Lord De-
puty and Council in her Name, and will endea-
vour for my ſelf and the People of my Country,
to erect civil Habitations, and fuch as fhall be of
greater Effect to preferve us againſt Thieves, and
any Force but the Power of the State, by the
which we muſt reft affured to be preferved as long
as we continue in our Duties.
This Submiffion was preſented by the Earl of
Tyrone kneeling on his Knees, before the Lord
Deputy and Council, and in the Prefence of a
great Affembly. At the fame time the Earl pro-
mifed to write unto the King of Spain, for the
recalling of his Son from thence into Ireland, and
to do the fame at fuch time, and in fuch Words,
as the Lord Deputy fhould direct. Likewiſe he
vowed to diſcover how far he had proceeded with
the King of Spain, or any other foreign or do-
meſtical Enemies, for paft or future Helps and
Combinations. Then the Lord Deputy in the
Queen's Name, promiſed to the Earl for himſelf
and his Followers her Majefty's gracious Pardon,
and to himſelf the reftoring of his Dignity of the
Earldom of Tyrone, and of his Blood, and like-
wife new Letters Patents for all his Lands, which
in his former Letters had been granted to him be-
fore
306 MORYSON's Hiftory Book III.
fore his Rebellion, excepting only the Country
poffeffed by Henry Oge ô Neal, and the Fues pof-
feffed by Turlogh mac Henry, to both which, at
their Submiffion the Lord Deputy had formerly
promiſed, that they should hold the fame imme-
diately from the Queen, to which end this Ex-
emption and Refervation was now made of theſe
Countries, and the difpofing of them left to her
Majeſty's Power. And likewife excepting and
referving 300 Acres of Land, to be laid to the
Fort of Mountjoy, and 300 more to the Fort of
Charlemount, during her Majefty's Pleaſure to
hold any Garrifons in the faid Forts. To theſe
Exemptions of Henry Oge and Turlogh mac Henry,
their Countries and themſelves, from the Earl's
Right or Power, he gave his full Confent, as like-
wife to the Refervation of the Lands laid to the
faid Forts. He promiſed to reduce his Country
to pay her Majefty like Compofition, as Connaught
now did, and for long time had paid, and to an-
fwer rifing out of Soldiers, and all Charges for
advancing her Majefty's Service.
The 3d of April, the Lord Deputy, having the
Earl of Tyrone in his Company rode to Tredagh,
and from thence upon the 4th Day to Dublin.
The next Day an English Ship arrived in that
Haven, in which came Sir Henry Davers, who
brought with him Letters from the Lords in Eng-
land, advertiſing the Queen's Death, and that
James the firft was proclaimed King of
King James England, Scotland, France, and Ireland,
Proclaimed. the Copy of which Proclamation they
fent,to the end it fhould here be publiſhed in likeSort.
Alfo in the fame Ship came one Mafter Liegh,
Kinſman to the Lord Deputy, who brought his
Lordship a favourable Letter from the King out
of Scotland. This Mafter Leigh his Lordship
preſently graced with the Honour of Knight-
hood.
And
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
307
And concerning the Gentleman formerly fpo-
ken of, whofe Servant brought the firft News of
the Queen's Death, I was not deceived in the
Honour I did ominate to him, (as I have former-
ly written,) for after he had followed my Advice,
in the Manner of his imparting that important
News to the Lord Deputy, his Lordfhip con-
ceived fo good an Opinion of him, for his Difcre-
tion, and for the particular Affection he had ex-
preffed towards him, by the tender of his Service
in following his Fortune this doubtful time, as
his Lordſhip did not only by the Way from Me-
lifant to Dublin, extraordinarily grace him, and
often call him (not without fome Admiration of
the better Sort of his Train) to ride by his Side,
talking familiarly with him, but now upon his
Arrival to Dublin, upon this Occafion of honour-
ing his Coufin Leigh, did alfo Knight him.
In the mean time according to the Lord
Deputy's Commandment, the Counſellors of
the State, the Noblemen, Knights, and chief
Commanders of the Army, then being at Dub-
bin, affembled together in the Caftle, to whom
his Lordship made known the Queen's Death,
and the King's Proclamation, which he first,
then all in Courfe figned, and preſently taking
Horfe, with joyful Acclamations, publiſhed the
fame through the chief Streets of Dublin.
I cannot omit to mention, that the Earl of
Tyrone, upon the first hearing the Lord Deputies
Relation of the Queen's Death, could not con-
tain himſelf from fhedding of Tears, in fuch
Quantity as could not well be concealed, efpecial-
ly in him, upon whofe Face all Mens Eyes were
caft: Himſelf was content to infinuate, that a
tender Sorrow for Lofs of his Sovereign Miftrefs,
cauſed this Paffion in him; but every dull Under-
flanding might eafily conceive, that thereby his
Heart might rather be more cafed of many and
VOL. II.
continual
U
308
MORYSON'S History Book III.
continual Jealoufies and Fears, which the Guilt
of his Offences could not but daily preſent him,
after the greateſt Security of Pardon: And there
needed no Oedipus to find out the true Cauſe of
his Tears For no doubt, the most humble Sub-
miffion he made to the Queen he had fo highly
and proudly offended, much eclipfed the vain
Glory his Actions might have carried, if he had
held out till her Death: Befides that by his co-
ming in, as it were between two Reigns, he loſt
a fair Advantage, for (by England's Eftate, for
the preſent unfettled) to have fubfifted longer in
Rebellion (if he had any fuch End) or at leaſt an
ample Occafion of faftning great Merit on the
new King, if at firſt and with free will he had
fubmitted to his Mercy, which he would have
pretended to do, only of an honourable Affection
to his new Prince, and many would in all likeli-
hood have believed fo much, eſpecially they to
whom his preſent Miſery and ruined Eſtate were
not at all (or not fully) known.
The 6th of April the Earl of Tyrone made a new
Submiffion to the King, in the fame Form he had
done to the Queen, the Name only changed. He
alfo wrote this following Letter to the King of
Spain.
It may please your moft Excellent Majesty,
AVING fince the first time that ever I re-
Hceived Letters from your Highnefs Father,
and your Majefty, or written Letters unto you,
performed to the uttermoft of my Power what-
foever I promifed: Infomuch as in the Expecta-
tion of your Affiftance, fince the Repair of 6 Don-
nel to your Majefty, I continued in Action, until
all my nearest Kinſmen and Followers having for-
faken me, I was enforced (as my Duty is) to fub-
mit my felf to my Lord and Sovereign, the Be-
ginning
7
Chap. II.
of IRELAND.
309
ginning of this inftant Month of April, in whoſe
Service and Obedience I will continue during my
Life. Therefore, and for that growing old my
felf, I would gladly fee my Son fettled in my
Life-time, I have thought good (giving your Ma-
jeſty all Thanks for your Princely Ufage of my
Son Henry, during his being in Spain) moſt hum-
bly to defire you to fend him unto me; and for
the Poverty whereunto I was driven, I have in
fundry Letters, both in Irish and other Languages,
fo fignified the fame, as it were inconvenient here-
in to make Relation thereof: And fo I moſt hum-
bly take my leave.
From Dub- Your Highneses poor Friend that was,
lin, &c.
Hugh Tyrone.
Together with the fame he wrote another Let-
ter to his Son Henry to haften his coming from
Spain into Ireland, but without any Effect. Laft-
ly, the Lord Deputy renewed to the Earl of Ty-
rone his Majesty's Protection for a longer time,
till he could fue out his Pardon, and fent him
back into his Country, to fettle the fame, and to
keep his Friends and former Confederates in bet-
ter Order, upon this Change of the State.
Sir Henry Davers, who lately brought Letters
to the Lord Deputy from the Lords in England,
returned back with Purpoſe to repair preſently
unto the King, whereupon the Lord Deputy
commended to his Relation the following Inftruc-
tions, figned with his Lordship's Hand. Where-
in you muſt note, that his Lordship omits the
News of the Queen's Death, received by the Ser-
vant of a Gentleman (as aforefaid,) the fame being
only a private Intelligence, whereupon he could
not fafely build his late Froceedings, and that his
Lordship only infifts upon Letters from the State,
U 2
which
310
MORYSON'S History Book III.
which could only give Warrant to the fame.
The Inftructions are theſe,
You are to inform the King's Majefty, that at
your coming over hither, the 5th hereof, with
the Letters from the Lords in England, fignifying
the Deceaſe of my late Sovereign Miftrefs, you
found with me here at Dublin the Earl of Tyrone,
newly come in upon Protection, and by that
Means the Realm for the prefent generally quiet,.
all expecting that upon a Conclufion with him
(which then every one conceived to be likely, in
as much as he put himſelf into my Hand, which
till that time he would never do to any) the
Country would in fhort time be thoroughly fet-
tled, fo that every one that found himſelf in Dan-
ger, did prefs me (in a manner hourly) for his
Pardon, foreſeeing that he that ftaid out longeft,
was fure to be made the Example of the Juftice
of the State, where fuch as could fooneft make
their Way, by affuring their future Loyalty and
Service, were hopeful to lay hold upon their So-
vereign's Mercy:
Now to the end you may acquaint his Majefty,
how far forth I have proceeded with the Earl of
Tyrone, and upon what Warrant; you fhall be
hereby thus remembred. He had often made great
Means to be received to Mercy, which as often
I had denied him, profecuting him to the utter-
moft of my Ability, being ever confident in Opi-
nion, that until I had brought him very low, and
driven him out of his own Country, (as I did the
laft Summer, and left Garriſons upon him, that
took moft of the Creaghts, and fpoiled the reſt
of his Goods,) he would not be made fit to crave
Mercy in that humble Manner that was befcem-
ing fo great an Offender. In December laft, when
I was at Gallway, he importuned me by many
Meflages and Letters, and by fome that he truft-
ed
Chap. II.
of IRELAND.
311
ed very well vowed much Sincerity if he might
be hearkened unto there, and at that time he fent
me a Submiffion, framed in as humble Manner, as
I could reaſonably require: To that I fent him
this Anſwer, that I would recommend it to her
Majefty, but until I had further Direction from
her, I would ftill profecute him as I did before,
and get his Head if I could, and that was all the
Comfort I gave him; yet ceafed he not to con-
tinue a Suitor with all the Earneftneſs that he
could devife, hoping in the End to obtain that
he defired. In the Month of March, I received
Letters from her Majefty, of the 16th and 17th of
February, whereby I was authorized to give him
my Word for his coming and going fafe, and to
pardon him, fo as he would come perfonally where
I fhould affign him, to receive it, and yield to
fome other Conditions, in the laft of thofe two
Letters contained. And withal I was fpecially re-
quired, above all things to drive him to fome if-
fue preſently, becauſe her Majefty then conceived
that Contrariety of Succeffes here, or Change of
Accidents in other Parts, might turn very much
to her Diſadvantage; for which he was ftill apt
to believe that he lay in wait, and would fpin
out all things further than were requifite, with
Delays and Shifts, if I fhould not abridge him.
Shortly after the Earl renewing his former Suit,
with very great Earneftnefs, and in moft humble
Manner (as may appear by his Letter in March
fent me to Tredagh, whither I was then drawn
upon fpecial Occafion of Service,) I thought it
fit to entertain the Offer of his Submiffion, and
to draw on the fpeedier Conclufion of fo impor-
tant a Buſineſs, both for that the daily Intelli-
gence out of Spain, threatned Danger unto this
Kingdom, and for that I had then received Ad-
vertiſement from the Council in England of her
Majefty's dangerous Sicknefs, the leaft of which
Acci-
U 3
1
312
MORYSON'S History Book III.
}
Accidents might have revived his Hopes, added
new Life unto his languishing Partifans, and ut-
terly changed the whole Frame of my Proceed-
ings. To this end I figned his Protection for
three Weeks, with feveral Warrants to the bor-
dering Garriſons of Forbearance from doing any
hoftile Act, either upon his Perfon, and the Per-
fons of his Followers, or upon their Goods, du-
ring the Term aforefaid, appointing Sir Garret
Moore (a Gentleman well deferving of the State,
and out of ancient Acquaintance with the Earl,
much reſpected by him) to repair unto him, and
to give him Knowledge, that if fimply and plain-
ly (according to the Tenour of his humble Re-
quefts) he were refolved (without any Delay) to
prefent his Petitions unto me in his own Perfon,
where I affigned his Appearance, he fhould then
receive a Protection for his fafe Coming and Re-
turn, with Affurance for his People and Goods
during his Abfence, by the Hands of Sir William
Godolphin whom I had purpofely fent into thoſe
Parts with a fufficient Guard, to attend his Refo-
lution, and to bring him fafely unto me. Theſe
Conditions (though at firft feeming fomewhat
hard, as both tafting of too great an Humblenefs,
and not utterly free from Danger of his Perſon,
whofe Head was fet to Sale, by a publick A&t,
and private Men not bound to take Knowledge
of the preſent Proceedings,) found eafier Accep-
tance than almoſt any Man would have imagined,
the Earl peremptorily commanding, that none of
his, upon what Pretence foever, fhould prefume
to diffuade him from obeying this Summons, fee-
ing no Way of Mediation was left unto him,
fave only this, vowing in the Prefence of a great
many, that although the Deputy's heavy Hand
had almoft brought him to the height of Mifery,
yet hould no mortal Power have extorted from
him a Submiffion of this Nature, but that out
of
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
313
of long and earneſt Obfervation of his Proceedings,
he had found Reaſon to hope that when his Lord-
fhip ſhould diſcover the unfeigned Fenitency of
his Heart, for his forepaft Mifdeeds, with a firm
Refolution to redeem his Offences, by faithful
ferving her Majefty, and well deferving of the
State, during the whole Remainder of his Life,
that he ſhould then find from him as great Com-
miferation of his prefent Sufferings, and as chari-
table a Repair againſt the threatned Ruins of his
Houſe, Pofterity, and poor diftreffed Country, as
he had tafted Bitterneſs in the whole Courfe of
his former Profecution. Thus perfuaded, he left
Directions for ſettling his Country, the best he
might on ſuch a ſudden, and with a Guard of so
Horſe under the leading of Sir William Godolphin,
making great Marches, until he came unto me
within three Miles of Tredagh, fell there down
on his knees before a great Affembly, confeffing
his Unworthiness, humbly craving her Majefty's
Mercy, which as above all earthly things he pro-
teſted to defire, fo he vowed with the uttermoft
of his Power to deſerve the fame. It were too
long to fet down all that paffed in this firft In-
terview, he ftriving to exprefs in all his Speeches
and Gestures the loweſt Degree of Humbleneſs,
to me, that was to value and to maintain the Great-
nefs of her State and Place, who he fo highly
had offended. The next Morning I fent for him
(the Treaſurer at Wars being only prefent with me,)
and made him fee how well I understood his pre-
fent Condition, how impoffible it was for him to
fubfift, even in the poorest and most contemptible
Faſhion of a Wood-kerne, if her Majefty were
but pleaſed to imploy the prefent Inftruments of
his Ruin. Finally, finding him moft fenfible,
both of his Eftate, and the Queen's high Favour
in remitting his Crime, I promifed him her gra-
cious Pardon, on thofe Conditions, mentioned in
the Memorial fent by your Hands. From thence
U 4
he
:
3 14
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
he attended me to Tredagh, and ſo to Dublin, the
4th of April, where the next Day I received Let-
ters from the Nobility in England fignifying the
Death of our late Sovereign; whereupon I called
together the Council and fuch of the Nobility as
were in Town, and acquainting them with the
Contents thereof, I propounded alfo the prefent
proclaiming of his Majefty, whereunto all moſt
willingly agreed, and among them the Earl of
Tyrone, and when they had fet their Hands to the
Proclamation, all together did accompany me,
the Deputy, to the publiſhing thereof in the City:
Since that Time I thought fit to difmifs the Earl
of Tyrone into his own Country, the better to
retain his People and Partifans in good Order,
but firft we took from him a new Submiffion to
his Majefty, figned by his Hand, which now
I fend by you.
Alfo you thall inform his Majefty that now
there is no Rebel in Ireland who hath not fued to
be received to the King's Mercy, and that I think
fit to yield the fame to most of them, leaving
only fome few to be profecuted to utter Ruin for
an Example and Terror to other ill-affected Sub-
jects, wherein I defire to know his Majesty's
Pleaſure.
Lastly, you are to prefent my humble Suit un-
to his Majesty to be difcharged of this Govern-
ment, or if it fhall pleaſe his Majefty to employ me
further herein, yet that he will vouchfafe me leave
to kifs his royal Hands, which I defire, not only
out of my particular Affection to have the
Happineſs to fee him, but alfo out of my De-
fire to inform him thoroughly of the prefent
Eftate of this Kingdom, wherein I prefume
that I fhall be able to do his Majefty very good
Service. And if it fhall not pleafe his Majesty
to refolve for the prefent on fome other Man to
undertake this Government, but only to leave
the Authority to fome fit Man's Hand during my
Abfence,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
315
Abfence, and if he be refolved to make Choice
among thoſe that are here preſent, and therein
fhall require my Opinion, you fhall fay, that al-
though I will not prefume to recommend any to
his Majefty, yet I do think Sir George Carey,
Treaſurer at Wars, to be most fit for that Place,
who hath already been Lord Juftice of this King-
dom, and howsoever he be no Soldier, yet is well
acquainted with the Buſineſs of the War, where-
in he hath been ever very induftrious to advance
the Service.
At the fame Time the Lord Deputy fent over
Mr. Richard Cook, one of his Secretaries, to ne-
gotiate his Affairs in Court. And becauſe his
Lordſhip defired to retain the Superintendency of
this Government, with Title of Lord Lieutenant,
and with two third Parts of the Lord Deputy's
Allowances, in regard no Man was able to fupport
the Place of Lord Deputy with the other third
Part of that Allowance, except he had other great
Fees and Place of Commodity in this Kingdom,
his Lordship nominated (as before) Sir George Ca-
rey to be most fit for that Place, fome other Coun-
fellors being in this one Point joined with him,
namely, to fign all fuch Warrants as fhould be
figned for the disburfing of the Treaſure. The
Inftructions given to Maſter Cooke were theſe,
To procure a new Patent to the Lord Mount-
joy, with Title of Lord Lieutenant, and with
Authority to leave Sir George Carey, Treaſurer at
War to be Lord Deputy, and fo his Lordship to
come preſently over. 2. To procure new Patents
for Wards, letting of the King's Lands, com-
pounding the King's Debts, &c. (as before.) 3.
To follicite for Victual, Munition and Money.
4. To move the Change of the baſe Coin now
current. 5. To advertiſe the News from Spain.
6. To follicite the fending of new Seals, namely,
the
316
MORYSON'S History Book III.
the great Seal, Signets, Council Seals, for the
State, Munster, and Connaught, for the King's-
Bench, Common-Pleas, and Exchequer. 7. To pro-
cure Authority to pass Eftates to the Irish Lords.
After King James his Proclamation at Dublin,
the Lord Deputy fent like Proclamations to alí
Governors, Magiftrates, and Officers of Provin-
ces, Cities, and Countries, to be in like Sort
publiſhed, and withal made known to them feve-
rally his Majeſty's Pleaſure (fignified in his Let-
ters directed to the Lords in England) to continue
all Governors, Magiftrates, and Officers, and all
his Majesty's Minifters (as well Martial as Civil)
of both the Kingdoms of England and Ireland,
in as abfolute Authorities and Jurifdictions of their
Places as before the Deceafe of the late Queen
Elizabeth of famous Memory they enjoyed and
exerciſed the fame, as alfo to continue and eſta-
bliſh all the Laws and Statutes of both Kingdoms
in their former Force and Validity till ſuch time
as his Majefty fhould pleaſe to take fuller Know-
ledge, and refolve for the publick Good of any
Alteration (not intended but upon fome ſpecial
and weighty Cauſes,) and fhould pleaſe to give
Notice of his Pleaſure. Further, his Lordship
adviſed them to concur with him in the vigilant
Care to preſent all Things in the beft Eftate might
be to the firſt View of fo worthy and mighty a
Sovereign.
The 12th of April the Lord Deputy received
Letters from Sir Charles Wilmot and Sir George
Thornton, (appointed Commiffioners, with joint
Authority, for governing the Province of Munster
in the Abfence of Sir George Carew, Lord Prefi-
dent, late gone for England,) advertiſing that
they had blocked up Mac Morris in the Cattle of
Billingarry, belonging to the Lord Fitz-morrice,
and hoped by the taking thereof to clear the Pro-
vince of all open Rebels.
The
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
317
The 15th of April his Lordship received a Let-
ter from ô Rourk, humbly imploring the Queen's
Mercy; and the fame Day, after his hearing of
the Queen's Death, another in like Humbleneſs
craving the King's Mercy.
The Mutiny of the
Cities in Munster
about Religion.
The 16th Day his Lordship re-
ceived Letters from the Mayor of
Cork, advertiſing that he had
received the King's Proclamation
the 11th of April, and had deferred the publiſh-
ing thereof to this Day only to the End it might
be done with more Solemnity, humbly praying,
that in regard the Fort, built for Defence of the
Harbour of Cork from foreign Invafion, was not
kept by a Commander fufficient to fecure the fame
for the Crown, his Lordship would accept the
Offer of him the Mayor and the rest of the Cor-
poration of the faid City to keep the fame for his
Majeſty at their own Peril. Laitly, complaining
that the Soldiers, now keeping the Fort, did ſhoot
at the Fishermen and at the Boats fent out of the
Town for Provifions, ufing them at their Plea-
fure.
The fame 16th Day his Lordſhip was adverti-
fed by feveral Letters; Firft, that the Citizens
of Waterford had broken up the Doors of the Hof-
pital, and had admitted one Dr. White to preach
at St. Patrick's Church, and had taken from the
Sexton the Keys of the Cathedral Church, of them-
felves mutinouſly ſetting up the publick Celebra-
tion of the Mafs, and doing many Infolencies in
that Kind. Secondly, that Edward Raghter, a
Dominican Frier of Kilkenny, affifted by fome of
the Town, came to the Black-Friers, uſed for a
Seffion-houſe, and breaking the Doors, pulled
down the Benches and Seats of Juftice, building
an Altar in the Place of them, and commanded
one Bishop, dwelling in Part of the Abbey, to
deliver him the Keys of his Houfe, who was to
take
318
MORYSON'S History Book III.
}
take Poffeffion of the whole Abbey in the Name
and Right of the Friers his Brethren.
The 18th Day his Lordship was advertiſed from
the Commiffioners of Munfter, that the Citizens
of Cork had not only refuſed to join with
them in publiſhing the Proclamation of King
James, but had drawn themſelves all into Arms,
and kept ſtrong Guards at their Ports, and had
abfolutely forbidden the Commiffioners to publiſh
the fame, with fuch contemptuous Words and
Actions as would have raiſed a Mutiny if they had
not uſed greater Temper: That the Townfmen
had made ſtay of Boats loaded with the King's
Victuals and Munition for the Fort of Halebolin,
faying, that the Fort was built within their Fran-
chizes without their Confent, and was meeteſt to
be in the Cuſtody of the City; whereupon they,
the faid Commiffioners, accompanied with the
Lord Roche and fome 800 Perſons of the Country,
(all expreffing much Joy, but none of the Citi-
zens affifting or expreffing any Joy,) did publiſh
the Proclamation, upon an Hill near the Town,
with as much Solemnity as might be, and had
furnished the Fort with Victuals and Munition
from Kinfale: And they befought his Lordship
ſpeedily to re-eſtabliſh by new Letters Pattents
the Magiftrates Authority, becauſe the ceafing
thereof by the Queen's Death had efpecially em-
boldned theſe Citizens to be thus infolent.
The fame Day one Edward Gough, a Merchant
of Dublin, newly coming out of Spain, and exa-
mined upon Oath, faid, that at Cales he faw the
Ordnance ſhipped to St. Lucas for forty Sail (as
he heard) there ready to go for Lisbon, where was
a Fleet of 140 Ships prepared (as fome faid) for
Ireland, or (as others faid) for Flanders, but he
heard no General named, only heard that Don
Jean de l'Aguila was again received to the King's
Favour. The 22d Day his Lordship wrote to the So
vereign
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
319
vereign of Kilkenny, that howfoever he had no
Purpoſe violently to reform Religion in this King-
dom, but rather prayed for their better Under-
ſtanding, yet he could not permit, yea, muft fe-
verely punish in that Town and otherwhere the
feditious and mutinous fetting up of the publick
Exerciſe of the Popish Religion without publick
Authority, and likewife with Prejudice done to
thoſe of the Profeffion eſtabliſhed by God and by
the Laws of both the Realms, requiring that he
and they ſhould defift from fuch mutinous Diſor-
ders, apprehending the chief Authors, and if they
wanted Power to fupprefs the Sedition of a few
Prieſts and Friers, his Lordship offered to affift
them with the King's Forces, for he would not
fail to give Life to the Laws and Obedience due
to his Majefty.
The 24th Day his Lordſhip was advertiſed that
the Citizens of Limrick had with their Priests en-
tred into all the Churches of the City, and there
erecting Altars, had ufed the Rites of the Romish
Church.
The 25th Day his Lordship wrote this Letter to the
Citizens of Waterford.
OUR Letters of the 23d of this Inftant came
YOUR Letters
this Day to my Hands, and having duly con-
fidered the Contents of the fame, I find that they
return a double Excufe of the Courſes you have
uſed; firft, for your Delay of Time to proclaim
the King's moft excellent Majefty according to
fuch Directions as was fent unto you from the
Earl of Ormond by a Counſellor of this State :
And the next, for fuch Diſorders as were reported
to be committed by the publick Breach of his
Highneſs's Laws in Matters of Religion; to the
which We return you this Anfwer following;
Firſt, albeit We would have wished that you had
had
14
320
MORYSON'S History Book III.
had a more careful Regard to have performed fuch
· Directions as you received from fo noble a Peer
of this Realm, by fo reverend a Meffenger, as you
might affure yourſelves in fuch a Matter durft not
abuſe you, his Highneſs fole and undoubted Right
concurring alfo with your own Knowledge and
Confciences, yet We will not condemn you for
that Omiffion of the Time, feeing afterwards you
did obey our Directions in that Behalf, and gave
fo publick a Teftimony of your joyful Allowance
and Confent to his Majefty's right and lawful
Title proclaimed amongst you. But as in this
Part you have given unto us a Kind of Content-
ment, fo in the lait Point We cannot forbear to
let you underſtand the juſt Miſlike We do con-
ceive, that you being Citizens of Wiſdom and
good Experience, and the Laws of the Realm
continuing in Force, would be drawn either by your
Prieſts or any like Practices to commit any pub-
lick Breach of the Laws, and the rather becauſe
out of that unfpotted Duty, which you profefs
you have ever carry'd to the Crown, you would
not in Reafon conceive that the Example of your
Offence in fuch a Caufe, and in fo great and po-
pulous a City, could not but in itſelf be very
dangerous in theſe difordered Times, wherein Ex-
amples do carry Men aftray, which in Diſcharge
of Our Duty to the King's Highneſs We may not
fuffer; and therefore have refolved to make Our
ſpeedy Repair unto thofe Parts for none other
Purpoſe but to eſtabliſh his Majeſty's Laws, that
no publick nor contemptuous Breach be made of
them, wherein We wish you had been more wary,
contenting yourſelves with the long and favourable
Toleration you enjoyed during the late Queen's
Reign rather than in this Sort to have prefcribed
Laws to yourſelves; whereby in Wiſdom you may
perceive how much you have prejudiced the very
obtaining of your own Defire by the Courfes you
have
Chap. II.
of IRELAND.
321
have taken (as we are credibly informed): And
yet, becauſe it may be that the Reports of your
Behaviour have been made more hainous than there
is Caufe, We are well pleaſed to ſuſpend Our
giving Credit to fuch particular Informations un-
til, upon due Examination, the Truth may appear
wherein We hope and fhall be glad that you can
acquit yourſelves fo of theſe Imputations now laid
upon you, or otherwife that you conform your
felves now at laft in fuch Sort to the Obedience
you owe to his Majefty and his Laws, as We be
not enforced to take fevere Notice of your con-
trary Actions.
The fame Day his Lordſhip was advertiſed from
the Mayor of Gallway, that howfoever he found
no feditious Inclination in the Citizens, yet to
prevent Diſorders in theſe mutinous Times the
Governor of the Fort had given him fome of his
Soldiers to affift his Authority, whom he to that
Purpoſe had placed in the ſtrongeſt Caſtles of the
City.
The fame Day his Lordship received Letters
from the Mayor of Cork fignifying, that the 13th
Day of this Month he had publifhed in the City
the Proclamation of the King with the greateſt
Solemnity he could, and complaining that the
Soldiers in the King's Fort offered many Abuſes
to the Town, with Offer from the Corporation
to undertake the fafe keeping of that Fort for his
Majeſty.
The 26th Day his Lordship wrote to the Sove-
reign of Wexford, that whereas they excufed their
erecting of popish Rites by the Report they heard
of his Majeſty's being a Roman Catholick he
could not but marvel at their Simplicity to be fe-
duced by lying Priefts to fuch an Opinion fince
it was apparent to the World that his Majefty
profeffed the true Religion of the Gofpel, and
ever with careful Sincerity maintained it in his
Kingdom
322
Book III.
MORYSON'S History
Kingdom of Scotland, charging him and thoſe of
Wexford upon their Allegiance to his Majefty to
defift from the difordered Courſe they had taken
in celebrating publickly the idolatrous Mafs, left
he at his coming up into thofe Parts ſhould have
Cauſe ſeverely to puniſh their Contempt fhewed
to his Majefty and the Laws of his Kingdom.
The fame Day his Lordſhip was advertiſed from
the Commiffioners of Munfter that the Citizens
of Cork grew daily more and more infolent, de-
facing Places of Scripture written on the Walls
of the Church to the End they might waſh and
paint over the old Pictures, and that one termed
à Legate from the Pope, with many Prieſts, had
gone in folemn Proceffion, hallowing the Church,
and finging Mafs therein publickly, the Townf-
men having placed Guards of armed Men fet at
the Church-Door and at the Porch, yea, burying
their dead with all Papiftical Ceremonies, and
taking the Sacrament in like Sort to spend their
Lives and Goods in Defence of the Romish Reli-
gion, and thereupon taking Boldness to offer
Wrong to the English, and to practiſe the getting
of the King's Fort into their Hands, yea, refufing
to fell any thing to the English for the new mixed
Money, and not fuffering the King's Victuals to
be iffued out of the Store till they had Affurance
that the Soldiers fhould be fent out of the Liber-
ties of Cork.
The 27th Day his Lordship wrote to the So-
vercign of Clonmel, commending him and the reft
of that City that they had proclaimed the King
with great Joy and Gladneſs, but charging them
upon their uttermoft Peril to ceafe from the pub-
lick Exerciſe of the Romish Religion, which they
of themſelves had mutinously eſtabliſhed.
The
Chap. II.
323
of IRELAND.
The fame Day his Lordship wrote this following Let
ter to the Sovereign of Kilkenny.
I
After my hearty Commendations,
Have received your Letters of the 25th and
26th of this Month, and am glad to underſtand
thereby that you are fomewhat conformable to
my Directions, being willing to have Caufe to in-
terpret your Actions to the beft; but though I
mean not to fearch into your Confciences, yet I
muft needs take Knowledge of the publick Breach
of his Majesty's Laws: And whereas you let me
underſtand that the Inhabitants are willing to with-
draw themſelves for their fpiritual Exercife to Pri-
vacy, contented only with the Ufe of the ruinous
Abbey, that being a publick Place I cannot but
take Notice thereof, and marvel how you dare
prefume to diſpoſe at your Pleaſure of the Abbey,
or any Thing belonging to his Majefty, and there-
fore again charge you upon your Allegiance to
forbear any publick Exercife of that Religion
prohibited by the Laws of this Realm, and fully
to reform theſe Diſorders, according to my Di-
rections, upon your extreme Peril.
The fame Day his Lordship wrote this following Let-
ter to the Mayor of Cork.
I
After my very hearty Commendations,
Ďid firſt receive fome mutual Complaints and
Informations from the Commiffioners of Mun-
fter and you, whereof fo far as they concern your
Particulars I will take Notice, and be glad to hear
you both, or your Agents for you, and reform
what I fhall find amifs in either, but of publick
Offences or Errors I must take publick Know-
ledge. And firft for the Proclamation of the
VOL. II.
X
King,
324
MORYSON'S History Book HII.
King, wherein I am informed that you were not
only yourſelves flow and backward, but made Re-
fiftance to thofe, who being Governors in that
Province in our late Sovereign's Time, and having
our Directions, were not like to abuſe or deceive
you, and offered with due Forwardneſs and Obe-
dience, after your unfitting and dangerous De
lays, to have published the fame, whereof I can-
not but marvel and think you much to be blamed
în fo undoubtful a Right, and with Directions
received from thofe in Authority to make fuch
needleſs Conſultations, and much more to offer
violent Reſiſtance to thoſe who better underſtood
their Duties, and were ever ready in fo much
Loyalty to perform it; yet in regard of your fo-
lemn and joyful Publication thereof I am willing
to interpret your Actions to the beſt, and take
your good Performance for an Excufe: But I am
further given to underſtand that you have fuffered
the publick Celebration of the Maſs to be fet up
in your City of your own Fancies and without
publick Authority, both against the Laws of
this Realm, and (I affure you) contrary to that
Religion which his Majefty zealously profeffeth,
whereof I cannot but take publick Notice, as you
have publickly offended the King and his Laws,
and as I have done before fo again I charge you
upon your Allegiance to defift from fuch feditious
Infolencies, and to apprehend the chief Authors
thereof, which if you do not preſently obey I
fhall be forced against my Will to ufe his Maje-
fty's Sword and Power to fupprefs the fame. Fur-
ther, you have by your Letters made Suit unto
me to have the King's Fort Halebolin committed
to your Cuftody, and I am informed that you have
proceeded in that Infolency as to ftay his Maje-
fty's Munition, and Victuals, and Artillery, which
upon ſpecial Truft of your Loyalty was kept in
your
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
325
your City, from being tranſported from thence to
the Relief of the King's Fort. It may be you
have rafhly and unadviſedly done this upon fome
Opinion of the ceafing of Authority in the pub-
lick Government upon the Death of our late
Sovereign (which is fomewhat more, though
no Way in true and fevere Judgment excu-
fable,) and I think otherwiſe you would never
have been fo foolish to run into fo great Danger,
but fince, as it hath pleaſed his Majefty to renew
and confirm unto me, by his royal Letters and
Letters Patents under his Seal, the Place of his
Deputy in this Kingdom, and to fignify his
gra-
cious Pleaſure to continue all other his Officers
and Magiſtrates, as well martial as civil, in their
former Authority and Jurifdictions, fo by Virtue
thereof, and Power given me from his Majefty, I
have renewed the Lord Prefident's Patent, and
granted a new Commiffion to Sir Charles Wilmot
and Sir George Thornton, with Charge and Autho-
rity to govern the King's Forces, Forts, and
Places of Strength, and to defend the Towns
from foreign Invafions and inteftine Mutinies or
Rebellions, and further, to govern that Province
according to his Majefty's Directions; in which
Command of theirs there is no Derogation from
your civil Government and limited Authority, if
you rightly underſtand the one and the other:
Therefore as you ſhould at firft have concurred
with them, put in fo great Place of Truſt over
you by your late Queen and Miſtreſs, efpecially
in dangerous Times of Change, for the peaceable
Government of all under both your Charges, that
you might have deferved his Majesty's gracious Ac-
ceptance of your Service by prefenting all Things
in the best State you could to his Highneſs firſt
View, fo now I require you upon your Allegiance to
be affifting and obedient to them in all Things touch-
X 2
ing
326
MORYSON'S History Book III.
ing his Majeſty's Service, and not to prefume to
interrupt the Conveyance of the King's Victuals,
Munition, or Artillery, unto fuch Places as fhall
be thought fit by them for the furniſhing of hist
Majefty's Forts or Forces wherefoever they think
convenient. This, if you fhall perform, I fhall
be glad to interpret your paft Actions to the beſt,
finding your Endeavours to redeem what you have
done amifs, and not be forced against my Will to
take Notice of the Height of your Offences or
Errors, and ufe his Majefty's Power to redreſs
them. I have fince the writing hereof feen a
Letter prefented me by Mr. Mead in Denial and
Excufe of thefe Informations, and if I ſhall find
you conformable and obedient to thefe my Di-
rections I will be glad to have Occafion to inter-
pret all Things pait in the better Part, and take
as little Notice as I can thereof. And ſo, &c.
The fame Day the Lord Deputy wrote this following
Letter to the Mayor of Limrick.
I
After my hearty Commendations,
Have not written unto you (that I remember)
fince I fent you Directions for the Proclama-
tion of the King, which becauſe I underſtand
you published according to your Duty, with all
due Solemnity and Signs of Joy, and continued
in dutiful Sort, not being feduced unto Diſorders,
as fome of the Towns of that Province were, I
thought rather to have Caufe to commend you
and give you Encouragement in your loyal Pro-
ceedings than any Way to blame you, but I have
fince been informed that you have taken Example
of other Cities feduced by their Priefts, and againſt
his Majefty's Laws, (and I affure you contrary to
the Religion he zealously profeffeth,) upon your
own Fancies, without Authority, fet up the pub-
lick
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
327
lick Celebration of the Mafs, whereof I cannot
but take publick Notice, as you have publickly
offended the King and his Laws, and therefore I
charge you upon your Allegiance to defift from
fuch feditious Infolencies and to apprehend the
chief Authors thereof, which if you do not pre-
fently obey, I fhall be forced against my Will to
take more fevere Notice thereof than willingly I
would. And fo, hoping that in a Matter of fo
great Confequence you will be better adviſed, I
expect to have Anſwer from you.
The 28th Day his Lordship wrote this following Let-
ter to the Commiffioners of Muniter.
I
After my hearty Commendations,
Have already fent you your Commiffion re-
newed for Continuance of your Authority,
and figned the King's Letters Patents to the
Lord Prefident for his Government, and as
formerly I adviſed you, fo again I pray you to
tranſport as great a Proportion of Victuals and
Munition as you can out of the City of Cork in-
to the Fort of Halebolin and the Caftle of Shan-
don, and if you may, by fair Means, you fhall do
well to endeavour to draw fome Companies into
the Town, which if you cannot effect, yet I
would have you not to flack the carrying of Victu-
als and Munition. I have drawn together fome
5000 Men, and fhall be able to employ them in
reducing and fettling the Towns of thoſe Parts
and if the Citizens of Cork, upon the renewing
of your Authority and my late Directions, prove
more conformable than they were, you fhall do
well to govern all without Violence, but if they
continue obftinate in their former Infolencies I
adviſe you to fet Guards upon the Stores of Victu-
als and Munition and to leave the Town.
X 3
;
The
3 2 8
MORYSON'S History Book III,
The fame Day his Lordship wrote this following Let-
ter to Sir Charles Wilmot, one of the faid Com-
milioners.
I
Sir Charles,
Have received your Letter of the 20th of A÷
pril, and am glad of the good Succefs you had
in taking the Caitles in Kerry, and for your Men
of Cork I have heard of their Infolencies and I
believe them, and for any thing I know all the
Towns in Munfter ftand upon little better Terms.
As foon as I could poffibly (for I had no Forces
in all Leinster) I have gathered together 5000
Men, and am coming towards you, and have fo
difpofed of all Things in the North, that if Need
be I will draw the whole Army of Ireland ere it
be long into Munster, fome few excepted to guard
the Garriſons: With Waterford I think to begin,
for they gave the firft Example, but it is true
that if they hold againft me I am ill provided to
force them, for at Dublin we are ill ſtored of all
Things, but we will do as well as we may. I
do like your Courfe well to draw as many as you
can to one Head, and I think it fit that it were
about Cork. If your Munition and Victuals be
in the Power of the Town I know not what to
fay, but I have firft written to the Town not to
interrupt you in the difpofing of the King's Mu-
nition and Victuals, and upon my Commandment
if they deny it, it is Treafon, therefore I think
they will be advised therein. If you may there-
fore, as fuddenly as you can, convey as great a
Proportion of Victuals, but especially and firſt of
Munition, out of the Town, then I will com-
mand them to receive you (with fuch Forces as
you fhall appoint) into the Town, 'which if they
deny it is Treafon too; and if you have any Store
out of the Town, and your Forces be gathered
together,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
329
together, and they continue obftinate, it were
good fome little Guard (though it were but ſeven
or eight Men) were put into the Caftles where
the Munition and Victuals are, and for all the reſt
of the English to withdraw themſelves out of the
Town by little and little, and then if they conti-
nue obftinate ſtill, in not receiving the King's For-
ces, my Defire is that you fhall preſently inveft
the Town, which I prefume may be done with
fome 1000 Men, if you put 2 or 300 Men into
the Fort next to Kinfale Gate, (which with fo
many Men will be eafily guardable,) and with the
rest of your Foot intrench near to the Gate next
toward Shandon, and with fome 100 Horſe beat
the Ways. When you are in this Forwardneſs,
if you think this Way feafable, I will fend you
cither more Men (if with thofe you have you
think not fit to engage the Canon,) or if I be
looſe myſelf from being engaged in any other
Place I will come to you; but if Waterford hold
out I fhall for the Time have my Hands full. Let
me hear from you at large of all Things, and in
the mean Time it is fit you put the beſt Artillery
you have into Halebolin Fort. I have fent this by
one whom I think to be trufty, and I pray you
to fend him back fpeedily to me, and to impart
this Project to as few as you think good. Write
to me how Limrick and the other Cities do ſtand.
And fo, &c.
The 30th Day his Lordship received- Letters
from the Mayor of Cork and his Brethren, figni-
fying, that the Commiffioners had by Directions
charged them to fuffer his Majefty's Minifters to
paſs through their Ports with 48 Barrels of Pow-
der, and Lead and Match proportionable, to be
brought from his Majefty's Store in that City to
the Fort of Halebolin, and that in regard they
wondered fo great a Proportion fhould be carried
X 4
to
330
MORYSON'S History Book III,
to the Fort where no Artillery was yet planted,
eſpecially the Quantities formerly iffued being not
yet ſpent, nor any Service being in Hand, they
fearing the Commiffioners purpoſed to affault the
Town, or at leaft to ftarve them, were enforced
thereby to make ftay of the faid Munition till his
Lordship's Pleaſure were further known, renew-
ing their Suit to have the Cuftody of the Fort
committed to the Corporation: That they did all
they could to cauſe the mixed Money of the new
Standard to pafs current, but it was with fuch
Grief and Lofs to the poor Town as they hoped
his Lordship would be a Means to his Majefty for
altering the fame: That they had received Rebuke
from his Lordship concerning certain Infolencies,
but could not call to Mind any Particular where-
in they had offended the State, except that be an
Offence, after many Abuſes and Wrongs done
them, to keep Watch and Ward to preſerve them-
felves and keep the City for the King's Majefty
in thoſe doubtful Times (as they termed them):
That touching the Point of Religion, they only
exerciſed now publickly that which ever before
they had been fuffered to exerciſe privately, and
as their publick Prayers gave publick Teftimony
of their faithful Hearts to the King's royal Ma-
jefty, fo they were tied to be no lefs careful to
manifeft their Duties to Almighty God, in which
they would never be diffembling Temporifors.
Thus they foolishly rushed into apparent Trea-
fon by making ſtay of the King's Munitions, and
prefumed to excufe their mutinous and infolent
eftablishing the publick Exercife of the Romish
Religion (and that upon their own Heads, with-
out any Direction, yca, in Oppoſition of publick
Authority.)
The Lord Deputy now being ready to take his
Journey for Munster, and purpofing firft to at-
tempt Waterford wrote to the Mayor thereof the
firft
Chap. II.
of IRELAND.
331
first of May to this Effect: Becauſe it ſeems by
your Neglect of my Directions, and your imper-
tinent Anſwers, that you do not know or have
forgotten both my Authority and yourſelves, I
think good to let you underſtand that it hath plea-
fed the moſt mighty Prince, King James I. Our
Sovereign, by his Letters Patents, under his Great
Seal of England, to make me his Deputy and chief
Governor under himſelf of this Kingdom, and fur-
ther to command me, by his Letters figned with
his royal Hands, to cherish his good Subjects, and
to fupprefs the rebellious, the which Difference
of good and rebellious I am no otherwife to di-
ftinguish in you but by that Obedience which I
have required, and do now require of you, to his
Majeſty's Laws and royal Pleafure. And as, in
my Duty to God and my King, I fhould rejoyce
to find you in the Number of thofe that I am
bound to cherish and preferve; fo fhould I be
heartily forry to find you fuch as I must be forced
to correct or to ruin: And although it be none
of my Purpoſes to enter into your Confciences,
yet if the Effects of your Confciences be to di-
ſturb the Peace of this Kingdom, to violate the
Laws thereof, and by Force to fet up your own
Religion, it is my Duty to uſe the King's Power
to fupprefs fuch Infolencies, and therefore my Pur-
pofe is to repair myſelf to the King's City, where-
of you are one of his Magiftrates, to fee his Peace
and Obedience maintained, the which if both I
and you, and that Corporation, do not (as our
Duty is) intend, we have a King that is not only
able to call us, his poor Servants, to an Account,
but to revenge the Wrongs of the greateſt Mo-
narch of the World.
The
332
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
The fame Day his Lordship writ to the Mayor of
Cork, this following Letter.
After my hearty Commendations,
I HAVE received two Letters from you, her
one not figned with any Hand, the other
figned by you the Mayor and two of
your Bre-
thren; and for the firft, concerning the Stay you
have made of the King's Munition and Victuals,
I marvel greatly at your Prefumption, to limit
and take account what Proportions the Commif-
fioners authorized by his Majeſty think good to
iffue, for his Service, and wifh you in Matters
of fo great Confequence to be well adviſed, not
doing any thing rafhly, nor confulting or delibe-
rating after your Fancies of things not belonging
any way to your Confideration, but fubmitting
your own Judgments to be ruled by thofe placed
in Authority over you, I mean Sir Charles Wilmot,
and Sir George Thornton, whofe Commiffions to
govern that Province I have lately by Order from
his Majefty renewed. For the Anfwer of your
fecond Letter, I refer my felf to thofe I fent you
by Maſter Mead, which I think ere this time are
come to your Hands, and as by them you fhall
more particularly perceive, fo I affure you, that
I expect better Satisfaction from you, for the
late infolent Diſorders committed or permitted by
you in that City, than by theſe I have received,
charging you again (as formerly) to defift from
the violating of his Majefty's Laws, by publick
Celebration of the Mafs, fet up of your own
Fancies, without fuperior Authority. In which,
if I find you not conformable and obedient to my
Directions, I muft conceive of your Loyalty and
Affection to his Majefty's Service, as I find by
the Effects teftified in your publick Actions, and
be forced to take more fevere Notice thereof,
than
Chap. II.
of IRELAND,
333
than I willingly would, in regard of the good
Opinion I have heretofore had of your Proceed-
ings. And for that Point in your laft Letter, touch-
ing the Fort of Halebolin, whereof you defire to
have the Keeping to the King's Ufe, I will deal
plainly with you, that fince I find you fo little
able to govern the Inhabitants of your Town in
due Obedience to his Majefty and his Laws, and
fo cafily feduced by your Priefts and Friers,
to the Prejudice thereof, and the Hazard of your
ſelves, and have always found by Experience the
true Integrity and forward Refolution of the
King's Soldiers to advance his Service: Till I
ſhall ſee a better Reformation of theſe your Pro-
ceedings, I muſt needs think them fitter than you
to have Places of fo great truft committed to
their Guard and Cuftody.
The fame Day his Lordship underſtood by
Letters from the Mayor of Cork, that the King's
Forces, lying near the Town, and their armed
Men of the City, had proceeded to Acts of Ho-
ftility, fome having been killed on both Sides,
whereof they craved Relief from his Lordship,
making their Contumacy against the Commiffi-
oners Authority, a private Quarrel to the Perfon
of one of them, as being their Enemy, and feek-
ing their utter Ruin. Likewife the Bishop of
Cork advertiſed, that a moft feditious Sermon was
preached at Cork by a Popish Prieft, teaching
that he could not be a lawful King, who was not
placed by the Pope, and fworn to maintain the
Roman Religion. Alfo that one of his Men go-
ing to the Port of the Town, was hurt by one
of the Guard, who wished he had the Traitor
his Mafter there, with Threats of Death to him.
Laftly, that the Citizens, by Refolution taken in
a publick Council with their Priefts, had written
to all the Towns and Cities, to affift them in the De-
fence
334
MORYSON'S History Book III.
fence of the Catholick Faith, and had not only
ſtayed the King's Munition, but laid it up in their
own Store-houſes, and impriſoned the Clerk who
kept it.
The 3dDay of May his Lordfhip being on the Way
towards Munster was advertiſed from Justice Synot,
that the Citizens of Wexford had conformed
themſelves to his Lordship's Pleaſure, and had re-
delivered the Churches to the Hands of the Eng-
lish Minifters. The 4th of May, his Lordship
incamped at Gracedea, near the City of Waterford,
and fummoned the Mayor and his Brethren to
open their Ports, and to receive him and the
King's Forces.
The fame Day his Lordship wrote this following
Letter to the Mayor of Cork.
Fo
OR the Diſpatch of your Meffenger, and not
to omit any thing that lieth in me to make
you underſtand your dutiful Obedience to his Ma-
jefty, and the great Errors and infolent Demeanor
you have of Self-will or Malice entred into; I
am content to write unto you, tho' I know not
well in what fort to. write, for by your Courſes
I cannot take you for Subjects, and out of my
Defire to interpret your Actions to the beſt, I
could with not to have Caufe to repute you Re-
bels. To deal plainly with you, for any thing
that your ſelves inform, or I can otherwife un-
derſtand, I fee not that Sir Charles Wilmot hath
done but as in his Duty he was tied to do, but I
am preſently drawing down to the City of Cork,
and having referved one Ear for any of your juft
Complaints, will judge of your Proceedings as I
fhall find them. I have let
underſtand my
you
Pleaſure by my Letters, (one fent by Mafter
Mead, which if he have not delivered he is more
to blame,) and I affure my felf fome of them came
to
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
335
to your Hands, and in all I have charged you up-
on your Allegiance (as again by theſe I do) to de-
fift from publick Breach of his Majefty's Laws,
in the Celebration of the Mafs, prohibited by the
fame, and to yield due Obedience to his Magi-
ftrates, and eſpecially upon your extreameſt Pe-
rils, not to prefume to make any Stay of his Ma-
jeſty's Victuals and Munition, left (upon fpecial
Truft on your Fidelity) within the Walls of that
City, but to fuffer it by his Majefty's Commiffi-
oners of that Province, to be iffued to the Forts,
or where they fhall think meet for the prefent
Service. I fhall be glad to find that you conform
your felves to due Obedience in all theſe, and
other Duties of good Subjects; if otherwife you
obftinately perfift in the contrary, I muft needs hold
you for Enemies to the King and the Peace of
theſe his Realms, and as fuch think you fit to be
profecuted by the revenging Sword of theſe and
other his Majeſty's Forces.
From the Camp at Gra-
cedea, near Water-
ford, the 4th of May,
1603.
The 5th of May his Lordship was advertiſed,
that the Governor of Loughfoyle, upon Sir Neal
Garvey's late Infolencies and difloyal Practifes,
had by Force taken from him, his Cows, Horfes,
and all his Subſtance, and that he himſelf had gi-
ven Pledges to come to his Lordship. The Dif-
loyalties proved againſt him were theſe. That he
obftinately carried himſelf in all things concerning
the Service. That he forbad his People to yield
any Relief to the English Garrifons. That he re-
ftrained his Men from building or plowing, that
they might affift him to do any Miſchief. That
he threatned to fet Fire on the Liffer. That he re-
fuſed
336 MORYSON'S History Book III.
fuſed to admit any Sheriff in his Country. That
he had long been upon a Word with the Rebels.
That he fwore he would go into Rebellion, ra-
ther than any English Man fhould enjoy a Foot of
Church-land in his Country, which notwith-
ftanding was reſerved in his Patent. That he had
created himſelf ô Donnel, and that he had mur-
dered an honeft Subject, who would not follow
him in thoſe Courſes, with many like Infolencies.
And hereby the Lord Deputy and State were ſet
at Liberty for the Promife of Tirsonnel made un-
to him. So as his Lordfhip had now good Oc-
cafion to give Rory ô Donnel Contentment. To
which end fome good Portions of Land, being
affigned to Sir Neal Garvey, his Lordship procured
the reft of the late & Donnel's Country, to be gi-
ven his Brother Rory, whom afterwards in Eng-
land he procured to be created Earl of Tirconnel,
thereby extinguishing the Name of a Donnel.
The Citizens of Waterford, at firſt refuſed to
receive any Forces into the Town, but only his
Lordship and his Retinue, yet the Chief of them
attended his Lordship in the Camp, and for their
Proceedings in the Points of Religion, his Lord-
fhip requiring them to bring unto him one Doctor
White, a Jefuit, the chief Seducer of them by fe-
ditious Sermons, they were ready upon fafe Con-
duct or Protection to bring him to his Lordship's
Preſence which being granted them by Word of
Mouth, the faid Doctor White, accompanied by
a young Dominican Friar, came into the Camp,
but when they foolishly carried a Crucifix, open-
ly fhewing the fame, the Soldiers were hardly
kept from offering them Violence; and when
they put up the Crucifix in their Pockets, yet
could hardly endure the Sight of their Habits,
which each wore according to his Order, Doctor
White wearing a black Gown and cornered Cap,
and the Frier wearing a white woollen Frock.
White
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
337
White being come into his Lordship's Tent, was
bold to maintain erroneous and dangerous Pofiti-
ons,
for Maintenance of that which the Citizens
had done, in the reforming of Religion without
publick Authority, all which his Lordship did
(as no Layman I think could better do) moft
learnedly confute. And when White cited a Place
in St. Auſtin for his Proof, his Lordſhip having
the Book in his Tent, fhewed all the Company,
that he had falfely cited that Father; for howfo-
ever his very Words were found there, yet they
were fet down by Way of an Affertion which
St. Auſtin confuted in the Difcourfe following.
At this Surprizal, White was fomewhat out of
Countenance, and the Citizens afhamed. But in
Conclufion, when thofe of the Town alledged
King John his Charter for Privilege why they
fhould not receive the King's Forces into the
Town, his Lordship replied, that no King could
give that Priviledge to his Subjects, whereby his
Succeffors fhould be prejudiced in the due Obe-
dience they were to expect from them, and in a
word, told them, that if they did not preſently
open their Ports to him and the Forces with him,
he would cut King John's Charter in Pieces with
King James's Sword, and if he entered the Town
by Force, he would ruin it, and ftrew Salt upon
the Ruins.
Whereupon they better confidering of the Bu-
finefs, received his Lordfhip and the Forces into
the Town, and the Soldiers were fo well difci-
plined, that howfoever they were not a little
grieved by this yielding to have the Hope of rich
Pillage taken from them, yet no Wrong worth
the ſpeaking of was done to any one in the Town.
His Lordſhip here fuppreffed all publick Exerciſe
of Romish Religion, and reftored the Churches to
the English Minifters, and took from the chief
Citizens an Oath of Allegiance to his Majefty,
with
7
338
MORYSON'S History Book III.
with an Abjuration of all Dependancy on any fo-
reign Potentate (having held the like Courfe of
Reformation in his Paffage hither through Kilken-
ny, the Citizens whereof had in like fort offend-
ed,) but his Lordship forbear any Way to cen-
fure their paſt Sedition, leaving them to the
King's Mercy for Charter, Life and Goods, if
thereby they had endangered them. Only his
Lordship left 1000 Men in Garriſon at Waterford,
and made Choice of a Place of Advantage, where
they should lie, till fuch time as a Fort might
there be built to command the Town, and bridle
it from running into like Infolencies hereafter.
And becauſe the North being now quieted, there
was no further Ufe of any Garrifon in Lecaile,
his Lordship appointed Sir Richard Moryfon (for-
merly Governor of Lecaile) to command this Gar-
rifon left at Waterford, and to govern the County
of Wexford.
Certain Heads whereupon fome Waterford Men
were examined apart one from the other, and in a
careless Manner, yet so as the Answers were writ-
ten out of Sight.
1. What Preparations were devifed to reſcue
Waterford, if the Army had laid Siege there-
unto?
2. Who were the Inftruments that were ap-
pointed, and were affembling them?
3. Who were their Leaders both in Town and
Country, and when and where they should meet?
4. Whether any thing were publiſhed in Wri-
ting, and fet upon the Church-Doors and other
Places, to feduce the People, and what the Effect
thereof was, or by whom it was fet up, or whe-
ther it was fet up in Clonmel only, or in more
Places?
5. Whether
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
339
5. Whether any of them did know Sir Ma-
hown ô Dullany, Prieft, to come to Clonmel the
fifth of this Month, reporting that Sir Donnel
ô Carrol had 1500 Men ready to the Reſcue of
Waterford?
6. Whether any of them knew Humphrey Ar-
thur of Limrick, or any other Meffengers from
thence, to come to Clonmel, to report that foo0
were in Readineſs to the Reſcue of Waterford
alfo, or whether he be ftill at Clonmel, yea or
no?
7. Whether they knew which Quarter of the
Country was appointed for Father Mulrony to
take the Charge thereof, to be affembled to the
Refcue of Waterford?
8. Whether they knew Father Leinagh's Haunt,
likewiſe ſo of Father Ractor, and the reft, whoſe
Names they are not to feek of themſelves?
9. Whether they have or can tell certainly,
that any intended yet to draw theſe Reſcues to
Cork, or any other Head, to prevent the Army?
10. Whether themſelves are fworn to live and
die in the Quarrel, or what Noblemen or Law-
yers are fworn alfo?
11. Whether they be able themſelves to deli-
ver any of theſe Seducers to the Lord Deputy,
yea or no, by what reaſon they ſhould not (if they
deny it) being converfant with them daily?
12. Whether they knew any Meffengers gone
for Spain or elfc-where, to procure Help to thofe
Confederates, who are gone, when they went,
and what they be, or from whence, and what
was their Meffage, or how Charges were collect-
ed for them?
From Waterford his Lordship by fmall Journies.
(in regard of the Impediments by the Slackness
and failing of Supplies of Garrons and Beeves
from the Country) marched to the City of Cork,
VOL. II.
Y
and
340
MORYSON'S History Book III.
and coming thither upon the 10th of May, was
without any Contradiction received into the Town,
with all the Forces he brought with him, though
Sir Charles Wilmot had invefted the Town, and
at the fame time (with the Forces of the Munfter
Lift) lay before it.
The 11th Day his Lordship, to make it appa-
rent to them and all the World, how willing he
was to give them gentle Audience in their juft
Complaints, firft admitted them to fpeak what
they could of any Offence they had received, or
juftly fufpected, before they were called in any
Queſtion for their own Diſorders. But their Ac-
cufations for the moſt Part were fuch, as if they
had been proved (which was not done, the Proof
as lefs important being deferred to a more conve
nient time) yet imported rather Imputation of
Want of Difcretion in rafh Speeches, than any
juft Pretext for their Proceeding, and therefore
were laid apart, as impertinent to the main Caufe
then to be handled. And for the rest of their
more felected Accufations, they were judged to
have in them no important Excufe for their ſe-
ditious Carriage, but were fuch for the greater
Part, as his Lordship was forced to juftify with-
out calling the adverfe Party to his Anfwer, as
being done either by his Lordship's Directions,
or out of Duty impofed upon the Commiffioners
of this Province by Virtue of the Place of Au-
thority committed to their Charge. Thus the
Townimen laboured to divert their publick Of
fences by a colourable Excufe of private Spleen,
and fome Grudges against one of the Commif-
fioners.
And in regard the Earl of Ormond came that
Night to Cork, the Lord Deputy (being defirous
not only to have his Lordship, but as many of
the Nobility, and Men of the best Rank as he
could, to be Witneffes of their heinous Offences,
and
Chap. II.
of IRELAND.
341
and of the mild Proceedings againſt them) did
defer till next Day, the receiving of the Townf-
mens Anſwers in Juftification of their own Acti-
ons. At which time many Breaches of his Ma-
jefty's Laws and their Duties were objected a-
gainst them. Firſt, in the publick Erection of
the Romish Religion againft the Laws, and the
aboliſhing that Profeffion which was allowed by
the fame. Secondly, in their maintaining thefe
Actions by Force and armed Men. Thirdly, in
their Attempt to demolish the King's Fort at the
South Gate of the City. Fourthly, in ftaying
the Iffue of the King's Munition and Victuals,
with the feizing of them into their own Hands,
and the impriſoning of the King's Officers and
Minifters, to whofe Charge they were commit-
ted. Laftly, in bearing Arms, and doing all Acts
of Hoftility againſt his Majeſty's Forces, where-
in their infolent Proceedings were fo far followed,
as they had killed a grave and learned Preacher
walking upon the Hills adjoining to their Walls,
and had battered Shandon Caftle, wherein lay the
Lady Carew (Wife to the Lord Prefident then
abfent in England.)
After due Examination taken of all theſe Points
his Lordſhip refolved, as he had formerly done at
Waterford, to leave the Cenfure to his Majefty's
Pleaſure, that he upon View thereof might ufe
his royal Mercy or Juftice in remitting or punish-
ing and reforming the fame; only his Lordship
took Notice of fome few of the principal Offen-
ders and Ring-leaders whofe Offences were appa-
rent and fevered from the common Action, and
them his Lordſhip commanded to be hanged for
Example and Terror to others: Some his Lord-
ſhip left in Priſon to be tried by Courſe of Law,
as Mr. Mead the Recorder, who was a moft prin-
cipal Offender; but he might as well have for-
given him; for no Man that knew Ireland did
imagine
Y 2
342
MORYSON'S History Book III.
imagine that an Irish Jury would condemn him.
The chief Citizens of Cork took the above-men-
tioned Oath of Allegiance to his Majefty, abju-
ring all Dependency upon any foreign Poten-
tate.
From Cork his Lordship wrote to the Earl of
Tyrone to meet him at Dublin in readineſs to bear
him Company into England. This done, his Lord-
ſhip left a ſtrong Garrifon of Soldiers in the Town
of Cork, and fo upon the 15th of May marched
towards Limrick, and the Citizens thereof having
proceeded to no further Diſorder than the publick
Celebration of Maſs were foon reduced to Order,
and willingly took the Oath of Allegiance, with
Abjuration of Dependency upon any foreign Po-
tentate, as the other Cities had done.
The 16th of May his Lordship received Let-
ters from the Earl of Tyrone, whereby he gave
him many Thanks that he had procured out of
England Authority to proceed with him according
to the Instructions he had formerly from the late
Queen, promifing to be ready at Dublin to attend
his Lordship into England; and touching a Com-
plaint of Shane & Neal's Sons, for fome Cows his
Men had taken from them, promifing to make
Reftitution. And becauſe he thought many Com-
plaints would be made againſt his People by Rea-
fon of their Poverty, he befought his Lordship
not to give Credit to them till he might repair
to his Lordship to fatisfy him, proteſting that he
would be ready at all Times to come unto his
Lordship, and to do all Duties of a faithful Sub-
ject.
The Lord Deputy having given Order to for-
tify the Caſtle of Limrick, and having from thence
written to the Mayor of Cork to affift the Com-
miffioners in building the Fort at their South-
Gate, took his Journey towards Dublin the 19th
of May, and came to Cashel the 20th of May,
where
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
343
where he reformed the Town as he had done the
reft, and took the like Oath of Allegiance from
the Townsmen: There he underſtood that a Prieſt,
commanding all the People, had ty'd a Gold-
ſmith of our Religion to a Tree, threatning to
burn him and his heretical Books, at which Time
he burn'd ſome of our Books, which he fo term-
ed, but that upon a Townſman's Admonition the
Prieſt let the faid Goldfmith free, after he had ſtood
fo bound to a Tree fome fix Hours, before all the
People of the Town, in continual Fear to be
burned.
The Lord Deputy having quietly fettled all the
Towns and Cities in Munfter returned to Dublin,
and becauſe upon the firft fettling of Peace many
Petitions were exhibited against the late Rebels
for Reftitution of Goods, which they had taken
in Time of Rebellion, and were not now able to
reſtore, ſo as the exacting thereof was like to pro-
duce new Troubles rather than any Satisfaction
to the Plaintiffs, an authentical Act of Oblivion
for all like Grievances was publiſhed and ſent to
the Governors in all Parts of the Kingdom.
Sir George Carey left
Lord Deputy by the
Lord Mountjoy, Lord
Lieutenant, return-
ing into England.
In this late Munster Journey his
Lordſhip received Letters from
the King whereby he was chofen
to be one of his Majeſty's Privy-
Council in England, and being
made Lord Lieutenant of Ireland,
with two third Parts of the Deputy's Allowance
affigned to him, was licenſed to come over into
England, and had Authority to leave Sir George
Carey, the King's Deputy, during his Lordship's
Abfence, having the other third Part of the De-
puty's Allowance and his own Entertainment as
Treaſurer at Wars for his Support.
And Capt. Floyd, lying now in the Harbour
with the King's Pinnace, called the Tramontana,
ready to tranſport him, his Lordship, with the
Y 3
Earl
344 MORYSON'S History Book III.
Earl of Tyrone in his Company, together with his
houfhold Servants, and fome Knights and Gen-
tlemen his Followers, took Ship in the Afternoon,
and the next Morning early we diſcovered the de-
fired Land of England, the Weather being very
fair; but within one Hour, the Sky being over-
caft with a thick Fog, and we bearing all Sails,
we fell fuddenly upon the Skerries, an hideous
great black Rock, where, after fo many Dangers
eſcaped in the Wars, it pleafed God miraculously
to deliver us from being caft away (as it were) in
the very Haven: For certain Birds, called Gulls,
feeing our Ship ready to rush upon them and
their defert Habitation with full Sails, rofe crying
and fluttering round about us, whereat the Go-
vernors of the Pinnace, being amazed, looked out,
and beholding that terrible Spectacle, cried to the
Stearfman aloof for Life, which fearful Voice
might have daunted him, as it did moſt in the
Ship, but he ftoutly did his Work, anfwering
Helm aboard, which done, the Ship by Force of
the Stern, and by the Help of the Tide coming
in between it and the Rock, turned about with
ftrange Swiftneſs and fwam along by the Rock,
fo near to it, as the Boat hanging at the Stern
daſhed againſt it: Neither were the most expert
Men in the Ship for a long Time free of this
Fear, knowin that fuch great Rocks have ufu-
ally fmall Pinnacles adjoining to them, the leaft
whereof had been as dangerous to us as the main
Rock; but the Ship (by God's merciful Provi-
dence) paffing on fafely, that Day by Noon we
came into the Bay of Beaumorris, and were ſet on
Shoar by the Boat.
The Earl of Tyrone rode from thence to London
in the Lord Mountjoy's Company; and howfoever
his Lordship's happy Victory againſt this Traitor
made him gracious in the Eyes of the People, yet
no refpect to him could contain many Women in
thofe
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
345
thoſe Parts, who had loft Husbands and Children
in the Irish Wars, from flinging Dirt and Stones
at the Earl as he paffed, and from reviling him.
with bitter Words; yea, when the Earl had been
at Court, and there obtaining his Majefty's Di-
rection for his Pardon and Performance of all
Conditions promiſed him by the Lord Mountjoy,
was about September to return, he durft not pats
by thoſe Parts without Direction to the Sheriffs
to convey him with Troops of Horfe from Place
to Place till he were fafely embarked and put to
the Sea for Ireland.
The Lord Mountjoy, coming to Court, was
honoured of all Men, and graciously received of the
King, being preſently fworn one of his Majefty's
Privy-Council: And for further Reward of his Ser-
vices, fhortly after, the King made him Mafter
of the Ordnance, gave him 2007. yearly old Rent
of Affize out of the Exchequer, and as much more
out of the Dutchy, to him and his Heirs for
ever, befides the Country of Lecaile in Ireland, to-
gether with other Lands in the Pale there, which,
after the Deceaſe of the Lady Mable, Countess of
Kildare, were to fall to the Crown for Want of
Heirs Males of her Body: He had the full Super-
intendency over all Irish Affairs, no Difpatches
paffing to and from the Lord Deputy but thro'
his Hands as Lord Lieutenant. And his Majeſty
1
The Death of the
created Earl of De
Lord Mountjoy
vonshire.
likewife created him Earl of Devon-
fhire, which Dignity was to defcend
to the Heirs of his Body lawfully
begotten: But it dy'd with him,
and he enjoyed the rest of this
Worldly Happineſs but few Years; for he was
furprized with a burning Fever, whereof the firſt
Fit being very violent, he called to him his moſt
familiar Friends, and telling them that he had
ever by Experience and by prefaging Mind been
Y 4
taught
346 MORYSON'S History Book III.
taught to repute a burning Fever his fatal Enemy,
defired them (upon Inftructions then given them)
to make his Will, and then he ſaid, Let Death
look never fo ugly he would meet him fmiling;
which he nobly performed, for I never faw a
brave Spirit part more mildly from the old Man-
fion than his did, departing moft peaceably, after
nine Days Sickneſs, upon the third of April, in
the Beginning of the Year 1606.
This moft worthy Lord cured Ireland from the
moſt deſperate Eftate in which it ever had been,
and brought it to the moſt abfolute Subjection in
which it had ever been fince the firft Conqueſt
thereof by our Nation. Yet he left this great
Work imperfect and fubject to relapfe, except
his Succeffors fhould finish the Building whofe
Foundation he had laid, and fhould polifh the
Stones which he had only rough hewed: And
becauſe he knew this Relapfe would be moſt dan-
gerous, having obferved every Rebellion in Ire-
land to be more dangerous than the former, and
that none could be more dangerous than this
laft, without the Lofs of the Kingdom, therefore
he was most careful to prevent all future Mif-
chiefs: To which End, whatſoever Effects his
Defigns had, fure I am that he did meditate theſe
wholeſome Projects; First, to eſtabliſh Garriſons
in the Cities of Munfter; and, in the renewing
of their forfeited Charters, to cut off many
exorbitant Priviledges granted to
granted to their firſt
English Progenitors, from whom they were fo
degenerated, as the very ſpeaking of English was
by them forbidden to their Wives and Children:
Then, by the exchanging of Lands, and by the
difpofing of the new Grants of Lands to be made
to the Irish, to draw them all to inhabit the In-
land Country, and to plant the English upon the
Havens, Sea-Coafts, and Rivers: Laftly, becauſe
he
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
347
he knew all Endeavours would be in vain, if Ci-
vil Magiſtrates fhould think by fair Means, with-
out the Sword, to reduce the Irish to due O-
bedience, (they having been conquered by the
Sword, and that Maxim being infallible, that all
Kingdoms muſt be preſerved by the fame Means
by which they were firft gained, efpecially with
the Irish, by their Nature pliable to a hard Hand,
and Jadith, when upon the leaft pricking of Pro-
vinder the Bridle is let loofe unto them,) there-
fore his Lordship purpoſed to perfwade that
the Army ſhould ftand in fome convenient
Strength, till the King's Revenues were increaſed
and eſtabliſhed (fo as Ireland might be a Nurſery
to maintain fome convenient Number of old Sol-
diers without any Charge to England,) and till
the Reformation of Religion and due Obedience
to the Magiftrate were at leaft in fome good
Meaſure ſettled in Ireland, and eſpecially in the
forefaid Cities.
A Lift of the Army, as it was difpofed at the Lord
Mountjoy's Return for England, about the 28th
of May, in the Beginning of the Year, 1603.
Horſe in Leinster.
The Lord Lieutenant, 100. Mafter Marfhal,
50. Sir Henry Harrington, 25. Sir Edward Har-
bert, 12. Sir William Godolphin, 50. Sir Richard
Greame, 5o. Sir Garret Moore, 25. Sir Francis
Rush, 12. Capt. Flemming, 25.
Horfe in Munster.
The Lord Prefident, 100. The Earl of Tho-
mond, 50. Capt. Taffe, so.
Horfe
348 MORYSON'S History Book III.
Horſe in Connaught.
Sir Oliver Lambert, Governor, 25. The Earl
of Clanrickard, 50. Sir Oliver St. John, 25.
Capt. Wayman, Provoft Marshal, 12.
Horfe in Ulfter.
Sir Arthur Chichester, Governor of Carrickfer-
gus, 25. Sir Henry Dockwra, Governor of Lough-
foyle, 100. Sir Richard Trever, at the Newry,
ro. Sir Henry Folliot, at Ballifhannon, 50. Capt.
John Jephson, 100. Total of Horfe, 1000.
Power, 150.
Foot in Leinster.
Sir
The Lord Lieutenant, 200. The Earl of Or-
mond, 150. Mafter Marſhal, 150.
Sir Henry
Sir William Fortescue, 150.
George Bourcher, 100. Sir Francis Ruſh, 150.
Capt. Coach, 15o. Capt. Laurence Efmond, 150.
In all 1350.
Foot in Munster, first at Waterford.
Sir Richard Moryfon, Governor of Waterford,
and the County of Wexford, having his own Com-
pany yet in Lecaile. Sir Francis Stafford, 200.
Sir Benjamin Berry, 150. Capt. Fofias Bodley,
150. Capt. Ellis Jones, 150. Capt. Henry Bart-
ley, 150. Capt. Edward Fisher, 150. Capt. Legg,
100. Capt. Ralph Conftable, 100. Total, 1100.
Foot at Cork.
The Lord Prefident, 200. Sir Chriftopher St.
Laurence, 150. Sir Thomas Loftus, 100. Maſter
Treaſurer,
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
349
Treaſurer, 100. Capt. Harvy, 100. Sir Edward
Wingfield, 200. Sir Garret Harvy, 150. Capt.
Coote, 100. In all 1100.
Foot at Limrick.
The Earl of Thomond, 200. The Lord Audley,
150. Sir George Thornton, 150. Sir Francis Bart-
ley, 150. Sir Francis Kinfmel, 100. Capt. Staf-
ford, 100. Capt. Thomas Boyfe, 100. Capt.
George Kinfmel, 100. In all 1000.
At Kinfale. Sir Richard Piercy, 150. In Kerry. Sir
Charles Wilmot, 150. At Baltimore. Capt. Flower,
100. At Halebolin Fort. Capt. Francis Slingsby,
100. In all, roo. Total Foot in Munster, 3700.
P
Foot in Connaught.
Sir Oliver Lambert, Governor, 150. The Earl
of Kildare, 150. The Earl of Clanrickard, 150.
Sir Samuel Bagnol, 150. Sir Edward Harbert, 100.
Sir Francis Shane, 100. Sir Oliver St. John, 200.
Sir Tibbot Dillon, 100. Capt. Gheft, 150. Capt.
Skipwith, 100. Capt. Thomas Roper, 150. Capt.
Thomas Rotheram, i5o. Capt. Harrison, 100.
Capt. Rorie ô Donnel, 150. Capt. Tibbot Bourk,
100. Capt. Tyrrel, 150. For the Judges Ufe,
100. Sir Thomas Bourk, 150. In all, 2400.
Foot in Ulfter, as at Knockfergus.
Sir
Sir Arthur Chichester, Governor, 200.
Francis Conway, 150. Capt. Roger Langford, 100.
Capt. Thomas Phillips, 100. Capt. Henry Sackford,
100. In all, 650.
At Mountjoy, Capt. Francis Roe, Governor, 150.
Capt. Edward Morris, 100. Capt. George Blount,
100.
In
:
350
MORYSON'S History Book III.
In Lecaile. Richard Moryfon, late Governor,
to be removed to Waterford, 200. At Armagh.
Capt. Williams, 150. At the Newry. Capt.
Trever, 100. At Cavan. Sir Garret Moore, 100.
At Charlemount. Capt. Toby Caulfield, 150. At
Mount-Norris. Capt. Atherton, 150. At Dun-
dalk, Capt. Ferdinand Freckleton, 100.
At Monaghan and Ruske. Capt. Edward Blany,
Governor, 150. Sir James Fitz-Pierce, 100.
Sir Edward Fitz-Garret, 100. In all, 1650.
Foot at Ballifhannon.
Sir Henry Folliot, Governor, 150. Capt. Ed-
ward Baffet, 100. Capt. John Phillips, 100.
Capt. Thomas Bourk, 100. Capt. Dorrington, 100.
Capt. William Winfor, 150. Capt. Ralph Sidley,
100. Capt. Oram, 100. In all, 900.
Foot at Loughfoyle.
Sir Henry Dockwra, Governor, 150. Capt.
Richard Hanfard, 200.
At the Liffer, a Place (in the Governor's Judg-
ment) moſt neceffary to be held by the English,
and guardable with 100 Men, to be maintained
by Land annexed to the Town, were left for the
prefent, Sir Matthew Morgan, 150. Capt. Nich.
Pinner, 100. Capt. Baffel Brooke, 100.
At Newtown, a moft neceffary Garriſon, and
guardable by 30 Men, was left Capt. Atkinson,
100.
At Omy, neceffary and requiring this Guard,
Capt. Edward Leigh, 100.
At Ainoigh, lefs neceffary, Capt. Lewis Orrell,
100. Capt. Ellis Floyd, 100.
At Colmarbetreene, lefs neceffary, Capt. John
Vaughan, 100.
At
}
"
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
351
At Colrane, a moft neceffary Garriſon, and re-
quiring no leſs Number to guard it, left Capt.
John Sidney, 100.
At Ramullan, a neceffary Garrifon to be held,
and guardable with ro Men, left Capt. Ralph
Bingley, 100.
At Doe Caftle, neceffary, and requiring this
Guard, Capt. Thomas Badbey, 100.-
At Colmore, moft neceffary to be held, was left
Capt. Hart with 20 Men, fpared out of the for-
mer Companies. In all, 1500.
Total of Foot, 11150.
The Charge of the Irish Wars in the laſt Year,
1602 (beginning the 1ft of April, and ending the
laft of March, befides Concordatums, Munition,
and other Extraordinaries, 290733 l. 8 s. 9d.
Half-penny Farthing half Farthing.
The Charge of the Irish Wars from the 1ft of
October, 1598, to the laſt of March, 1603, being
four Years and a half, befides great Concordatums,
great Charge of Munitions, and other great Ex-
traordinaries, 11987177. 195. 1 d.
The Charge of the Army (as is aboveſaid) fore-
caft for the Year following, beginning the ift of
April, 1603, to the laft of March, 1604, the
Horſe ſtanding as in the former Lift, but the Foot
to be reduced to 8000, amounts to 1633157. 18s.
3 d. Farthing half Farthing.
In the Year, 1613, by the Intreaty Anno 1613
of my Brother Sir Richard Moryfon
(Vice-Prefident of Munster) and out of my De-
fire to fee his Children God had given him in
Ireland, (befides fome Occafions of my private
Eftate,) I was drawn over again into Ireland,
where we landed the 9th of September, miracu-
louſly preferved from Shipwreck. For at nine
of the Night (being dark at that time of the
Year) we fell upon the Coaſt of Ireland, and not
wel
352 MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
well knowing the Coaft, but imagining it to be
Youghal Port, we tacked about, to beat out at
Sea the Night following. But having fome Hours
before fprung a Lake, and our Pumps being foul
fo as they would not work, we had no hope to live
fo long at Sea, and again not knowing the Coaft,
we durft not venture to put in upon it, befides
that in caſe it were Youghal Harbour, our beſt
Fortune was to enter a bar'd Haven by Night.
In this Diftreſs by divine Providence we were
preferved, the Moon breaking out through the
difperfed Clouds, and fhining fo bright, as our
beſt Mariners eafily difcovered the Harbour of
Youghal, and the Tide ferving happily, we paffed
the Bar into the fame. And the next Morning
we might fee the Danger we had eſcaped moft
apparent; for our Ship was fo far unable to in-
dure the Waves of the Sea, with her great Lake
and the Foulneſs of the Pumps (if we had been
forced to keep on Board till the next Day's Light
might make us know the Coaft) as the fame
Night ſhe had funk in the quiet Harbour, if the
Mariners had not chofen rather to drive her on
Ground.
At this time I found the State of Ireland much
changed; for by the Flight of the Earl of Tyrone,
and the Earl of Tirconnel, with fome Chiefs of
Countries in the North, and the Suppreffion and
Death of Sir Cahier & Dogberty their Confederate,
in making new Troubles, all the North was pof-
ſeffed by new Colonies of English, but efpecially
of Scots.
The meer Iriſh in the North, and over all Ire-
land continued ftill in abfolute Subjection, being
powerful in no Part of the Kingdom, excepting
only Connaught, where their chief Strength was
yet little to be feared, if the English-Irish there
had found Hearts to the State. But the English-
Irifh in all Parts (and eſpecially in the Pale) either
by
Chap. II.
353
of IRELAND.
i
by our too much cherishing them fince the laſt
Rebellion (in which we found many of them falfe-
hearted,) or by the King's religious Courſes to re-
form them in their obftinate Addiction to Popery
(even in thoſe Points which oppugned his Maje-
fty's temporal Power,) or by the Fulneſs of Bread
in time of Peace, (whereof no Nation fooner
furfeits than the Irish,) were grown fo wanton,
fo incenfed, and fo high in the Inftep, as they
had of late mutinoufly broken off a Parliament,
called for the publick Good and Reformation of
the Kingdom, and from that time continued to
make many clamorous Complaints againſt the
English Governors (efpecially thofe of the Pale a-
gainst the worthy Lord Deputy and his Miniſters)
through their Sides wounding the Royal Autho-
rity, yea, in all Parts the Churl was grown rich,
and the Gentlemen and Swordsmen needy, and fo
apt to make a Prey of other Mens Goods. The
Citizens of Munster had long fince obtained the
renewing of their old Charters with all their exor-
bitant Priviledges, and were now grown moft re-
fractory to all due Obedience, efpecially for Mat-
ters of Religion. In which Parts the very Num-
bers of the Priefts (fwarming among them, and
being active Men, yea contrary to their Profef
fion, bloody in handling the Sword) far exceed-
ed the Number of the King's Soldiers, reduced
to very ſmall or no Strength. And many looſe
Men flocked into that Province out of the Low-
Countries, who being trained there in the Irish
Regiment with the Arch-Duke, daily fent over
new Men to be in like fort trained there and
themſelves lay diſperſed and hidden in all Corners,
with Hearts (no doubt) apt to embrace mifchievous
Enterprizes.
And howfoever the English Lawyers, coming
over after the laſt War, vaunted Ireland to be re-
duced to full Obedience by their itenerary Cir-
cuits,
354
MORYSON'S Hiftory Book III.
cuits, (fcarce mentioning with Honour the Sword
that made way to them,) yet they were therein de-
ceived, that the Irish in their clamorous and litigious
Nature, flying to them with many Complaints, did
it only to get Countenance to their Cauſes from
them, who were Strangers to them (perhaps againſt
former Judgments of the Governors, who better
knew them, and fo to oppofe one Magiftrate against
another,) not (as they might perhaps think) in fincere
Affection to be ruled by the Laws. Yea, thoſe
Chiefs of Countries who ufed to wait on them to
the Limits of their Country, did it rather to keep
the People by their awful Prefence from exhibi-
ting Complaints againſt themſelves, than (as the
Judges thought) out of their dutiful Refpect to
them or to the State.
For otherwife, even among the English-Irish,
in the inferior Perfons from the Conftables to the
Juſtices of Peace, and fo upward, Juftice had not
his due Courſe (which can never have Life, but
in the moving of all the Members with due Cor-
refpondency,) and many Outrages were by the
English-Irish, and meer Irish, done against the
English lately planted there. So as now when
Ireland thould have enjoyed the Fruits of the laft
War, in the due Subjection of the meer Irish,
theſe times threatned the next Combuſtions from
our degenerate English-Irish. Only the Lovers
of Peace were erected to good Hopes by a gene-
ral Confidence that our Sovereign would apply
his Royal Power, fevere Juftice (moft available
in Ireland) and other his heroick Virtues, to the
timely Prevention of any miſchievous Iffue, as
not long after his Majefty happily began, with
bringing thoſe his Subjects to Conformity of
making wholeſome Laws for the publick Good, by
common Conſent of that Kingdom's three Eſtates,
aſſembled in his Royal Court of Parliament at Dub-
lin, in the Year 1614, to which Work and all his
Royal Councils, God give happy Success.
The
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
355
The Lift of Officers General and Provincial, War-
ders, Horfemen, and Footmen, as they stood at this
Time of Peace.
Officers General.
Sir
The Lord Chichester, Baron of Belfast, Lord
Deputy of Ireland, having enjoyed that Place ma-
ny Years beyond all Example of former times.
Sir Thomas Ridgeway, Treaſurer at Wars.
Richard Wingfield, Marshal of Ireland. Sir Oli-
ver St. John, Mafter of the Ordnance. Sir John
King, Mufter-mafter. Sir Allen Apfley, and Thomas
Smith, Commiffaries of Victuals. Edward Len-
ton, Provoſt Marſhal of the Army. Sir Josias
Bodley, Director General and Overfeer of the
Fortifications. Sir Thomas Dutton, Scout-maſter.
Capt. John Pikeman, and Capt. William Meeres,
Corporals of the Field.
Officers Provincial.
The Lord Davers, Lord Prefident of Munfter,
and Sir Richard Moryfon, his Vice-Preſident (be-
fides the Command in his own Right, left him by
the Lord Lieutenant Mountjoy at his leaving the
Kingdom.) Sir Richard Aldworth, Provoſt-Mar-
fhal of Munster. The Earl of Clanrickard, Lord
Prefident of Connaught, and Sir Oliver St. John
his Vice-Prefident, befides his Employments in
his own Right. Capt. Charles Coote, Provoft
Marſhal of Connaught. Sir Henry Dockwra, Go-
vernor of Loughfoyle. Edmond Ellys, Provott Mar-
fhal there. Sir Henry Folliot, Governor of Balli-
Shannon. The Lord Chichester, Governor of Car-
rickfergus. Sir Henry Power, Governor of Leax.
Sir Edward Blaney, Senefchal of Monaghan, and
Commander of the King's Forts there. Robert
VOL. II.
Bowen,
Ꮓ
1
356
Book III.
MORYSON's Hiftory
Bowen, Provoſt Marſhal of Leinster. Mofes Hill,
Provoit Marſhal of Ulfter. Capt. William Cole,
for Ballifhannon, and Capt. Hugh Clotworth, for
Loughchichefter, both Captains of Boatmen.
Warders.
Dublin Caſtle, Roger Davies hath Warders, 14.
Maryborough, Sir Adam Loftus, Warders, 16.
Phillipstown, Sir Garret Moore, Warders, 12.
Duncannon, Sir Laurence Efmond, Warders, 30.
Dungarvan, Sir George Carey, Warders, 12. Caffle-
main, Sir Thomas Roper, Warders, 17. Lim-
rick Caſtle, Sir Francis Bartley, Warders, 20.
Cafle-Park, Capt. Skipwith, Warders, 20. Hale-
bolin, Sir Francis Slingsby, Warders, 20. Athlone
Caftle, the Earl of Clanrickard, Warders, 20.
Ballenfad, Capt. S. Barbe, Warders, 10. Drom-
ruske, Capt. Griffoth, Warders, 9. Carrickfergus
Caftle, Capt. Fortescue, Warders, 20.
Moyry
Caftle, Capt. Smith, Warders, 12. Mount-Norris,
Maſter Annesley, Warders, 10. Omey, Capt. John
Leigh, Warders, 20. Toome, Sir Thomas Phillips,
Warders, 12. Doe Caftle, Capt. Samford, War-
ders, 9. Dunnagal, Capt. Brooke, Warders, 9.
Cloughaughter, Capt. Culme, Warders, 9. Enis-
killen, Capt. Cole, Warders, 10. Enifblaughlin,
Sir Foulke Conway, Warders, 14.
In all, 335.
Horfemen.
The Lord Deputy, 25. The Earl of Clanrick-
ard, 25. The Lord Davers, 25. Mafter Mar-
fhall, 20. Sir Oliver Lambert, 25. Sir Edward
Harbert, 12. Sir Richard Aldworth, 12. Sir
Garret Moore, 25. Sir Henry Folliot, 6. Capt.
John Kinfmel, 25. Capt. Charles Coote, 12.
In all, 212.
Foot-
Chap. II. of IRELAND.
357
Footmen.
The Lord Deputy, too. The Earl of Clan-
rickard, 50. The Earl of Thomond, 50. The
Lord Davers, 5o. 'The Lord Cromwel, 50.
Maſter Marſhal, 5o. Mafter Treafurer, so. Sir
Richard Moryfon, 50. Sir Charles Wilmot, 50.
Sir Francis Rufh, fo. Sir Henry Folliot, fo. Sir
Edward Blaney, fo. Sir Francis Roe, Keeper of
Mountjoy and the Territory, 5o. Sir Thomas Ro-
theram, Keeper of the Fort at Gallway and the
Land, so. Sir Francis Cooke, 5o. Sir William
Stuart, fo. Sir Arthur Savage, fo. Sir Henry
Power, fo. Sir Tobey Caulfield, Keeper of Char-
lemount and the Territory, fo. Sir Foulke Conway,
fo. Sir Oliver St. John, 5o. Sir Thomas Roper,
fo. Sir Richard Hanfard, so. Sir Thomas Phil-
lips, 50. Capt. Craford, 50. Capt. John Vaughan,
.
50. Capt. Arthur Baffet, fo.
The Total Number, 1947.
In all, 1400.
A
Z z
(358)
A
DESCRIPTION
OF
IRELAN D.
T
HE Longitude of Ireland extends four
Degrees, from the Meridian of eleven
Degrees and a half to that of fifteen and
a half, and the Latitude extends alfo
four Degrees from the Parallel of fifty four De-
grees to that of fifty eight Degrees. In the Geo-
graphical Deſcription I will follow Cambden as
formerly.
This
MORYSON'S Hiftory, &c. 359
This famous Ifland in the Virginian Sea, is by
old Writers called Ierna, Inverna, and Iris, by
the old Inhabitants Erin, by the old Britains Yu-
erdhen, by the English at this Day Ireland, and by
the Irish Bards at this Day Banno, in which Senſe of
the Irish Word, Avicen calls it the Holy Island; be-
fides, Plutarch of old called it Ogygia, and after him
Ifidore named it Scotia. This Ireland, according to
the Inhabitants, is divided into two Parts, the
wild Irish, and the English-Irish, living in the
English Pale: But of the old Kingdoms, five in
Number, it is divided into five Parts.
1. The firft is by the Irish called Mowne, by
the English Munster, and is fubdivided into fix
Counties, of Kerry, of Limrick, of Cork, of Tip-
perary, of the Holy Cross, and of Waterford, to
which the feventh County of Defmond is now ad-
ded. The Gangavi, a Scythian People, coming
into Spain, and from thence into Ireland, inha-
bited the County of Kerry, full of woody Moun-
tains, in which the Earls of Defmond had the
Dignity of Palatines, having their Houſe in Trailes,
a little Town now almoft uninhabited: Not
far thence lies St. Mary Wic, vulgarly called
Smerwick, where the Lord Arthur Gray, being
Lord Deputy, happily overthrew the aiding Troops
fent to the Earl of Desmond from the Pope and
the King of Spain. On the South-fide of Kerry
lies the County of Defmond, of old inhabited by
three Kinds of People, the Luceni (being Spani-
ards,) the Velabri (fo called of their Seat upon
the Sea-Waters or Marſhes,) and the Iberni, called
the upper Irish, inhabiting about Beer-haven and
Baltimore, two Havens well known by the plen-
tiful fishing of Herrings, and the late Invafion of
the Spaniards in the Year 1601. Next to thefe
is the County of Mac Carty-Moor, of Irish Race,
whom, as Enemy to the Fitz-Geralds, Queen E-
lizabeth made Earl of Glencar in the Year 1566:
Z3
For
360
MORYSON'S History
For of the Fitz-Geralds, of the Family of the
Earls of Kildare, the Earls of Defmond defcended,
who being by Birth English, and created Earls by
King Edward III, became hateful Rebels in our
Time. The third County hath the Name of the
City Cork, confifting almoſt all of one long Street,
but well known and frequented, which is fo com-
paffed with rebellious Neighbours, as they of old
not daring to marry their Daughters to them, the
Cuſtom grew, and continues to this Day, that by
mutual Marriages one with another all the Citi-
zens are of Kin in fome Degree of Affinity. Not
far thence is Yoghal, having a ſafe Haven, near
which the Viſcounts of Barry, of Engliſh Race,
are feated. In the fourth County, of Tipperary,
nothing is memorable but that it is a Palatinate. The
little Town Holy Cross, in the County of the
fame Name, hath many great Privileges. The
fixth County hath the Name of the City Limrick,
the Seat of a Bishop, wherein is a ſtrong Caftle
built by King John. Not far thence is Awne, the
Seat of a Bishop, and the lower Offery, giving
the Title of an Earl to the Butlers, and the Town
Thurles giving them alfo the Title of Viſcount.
And there is Caffiles, now a poor City, but the
Seat of an Archbishop. The feventh County hath
the Name of the City Waterford, which the Iriſh
call Porthlargi, of the commodious Haven, a rich
and well inhabited City, efteemed the fecond to
Dublin. And becauſe the Inhabitants long faith-
fully helped the English in fubduing Ireland, our
Kings gave them exceffive Privileges; but they
rafhly failing in their Obedience at King James's
coming to the Crown could not in long Time
obtain the Confirmation of their old Charter.
2. Leinster, the fecond Part of Ireland, is fertile,
and yields Plenty of Corn, and hath a moft tem-
perate mild Air, being divided into ten Counties,
of Catherlough, Kilkenny, Wexford, Dublin, Kil-
dare,
of IRELAND.
361
dare, the King's-County, the Queen's-County,
the Counties of Longford, of Ferns, and of Wick-
low. The Cariondi of old inhabited Catherlogh
(or Carlow) County, and they alfo inhabited great
Part of Kilkenny, of upper Oory, and of Ormond,
which have nothing memorable but the Earls of
Ormond, of the great Family of the Butlers, in-
feriour to no Earl in Ireland, (not to ſpeak of
Fitzpatrick, Baron of upper Oory). It is ridi-
culous which fome Irish (who will be believed as
Men of Credit) report of Men in theſe Parts
yearly turned into Wolves, except the Abundance
of melancholy Humour tranſports them to imagine
that they are fo transformed. Kilkenny, giving
Name to the fecond County, is a pleafant Town,
the chief of the Towns within Land, memorable
for the Civility of the Inhabitants, for the Hus-
bandman's Labour, and the pleaſant Orchards. I
paſs over the walled Town Thomastown, and the
ancient City Rheban, now a poor Village with a
Caſtle, yet of old giving the Title of Baronet.
I pafs over the Village and ftrong Caftle of Leigh-
lin, with the Country adjoining, ufurped by the
Sept of the Cavanaghs, now firnamed 6 Moors.
Alſo I omit Roſs, of old a large City, at this Day of
no Moment. The third County of Wexford (called
by the Irish County Reogh) was of old inhabited
by the Menapii, where, at the Town called Ban-
na, the English made their firſt Deſcent into Ire-
land, and upon that Coaſt are very dangerous Flats
in the Sea, which they vulgarly call Grounds.
The City Webford, Weisford, or Wexford, is the
chief of the County, not great, but deferving
Praiſe for their Faithfulneſs towards the English,
and frequently inhabited by Men of English
Race. The Cauci a Sea-bordering Nation of Ger-
many,) and the Menapii aforefaid, of old inhabited
the Territories now poffeffed by the 6 Moors and
ô Birns: Alfo they inhabited the fourth County
Z 4
of
362
MORYSON'S History
}
of Kildare, a fruitful Soil, having the chief Town
of the fame Name, greatly honoured in the In-
fancy of the Church by St. Bridget. King Ed-
ward II. created the Giralds Earls of Kildare. The
Eblani of old inhabited the Territory of Dublin,
the fifth County, having a fertile Soil and rich
Paftures, but wanting Wood, fo as they burn
Turf, or Sea-coal brought out of England. The
City Dublin, called Divelin by the English, and
Balacleigh (as feated upon Hurdles) by the Irish,
is the chief City of the Kingdom, and Scat of
Juftice, fairly built, frequently inhabited, and
adorned with a strong Cattle, fifteen Churches,
an epifcopal Seat, and a fair College, (an happy
Foundation of an Univerfity laid in our Age,) and
endowed with many Privileges, but the Haven is
barred and made lefs commodious by thofe Hills
of Sands. The adjoining Promontory, Hoth-head,
gives the Title of a Baron to the Family of St.
Laurence: And towards the North lies Fingal, a
little Territory, as it were the Garner of the
Kingdom, which is environed by the Sea and great
Rivers, and this Situation hath defended it from
the Incurfion of Rebels in former civil Wars. I
omit the King's and Queen's Counties (namely,
Ophaly and Leax,) inhabited by the ô Connors and
Moors, as likewife the Counties of Longford,
Ferns, and Wicklow, as lefs affording memorable
Things.
3. The third Part of Ireland is Midia or Media,
called by the English Meath, in our Fathers Memory
divided into Eastmeath and Westmeath. In Eaſt-
meath is Drogheda, vulgarly called Tredagh, a fair and
well inhabited Town. Trim is a little Town upon
the confines of Ulfter, having a stately Castle,
but now much ruinated, and it is more notable for
being the ancient (as it were) Barony of the La-
cies. Westmeath hath the Town Delvin, giving
the Title of Baron to the English Family of the
Nugents,
of IRELAND.
363
Nugents, and Westmeath is alfo inhabited by many
great Irish Septs, as the ô Maddens, the Magoghi-
gans, 6 Malaghlans, and Mac Coghlans, which feem
barbarous Names. Shamon is a great River, in a
long Courſe making many and great Lakes (as the
large Lake or Lough Regith) and yields plentiful
Fiſhing, as do the frequent Rivers and all the
Seas of Ireland. Upon this River lies the Town
Athlone, having a very fair Bridge of Stone, (the
Work of Sir Henry Sidney Lord Deputy) and a
strong fair Caftle.
4. Connaught is the fourth Part of Ireland, a
fruitful Province, but having many Bogs and thick
Woods, and it is divided into fix Counties, of
Clare, of Leitrim, of Gallway, of Rofcommon, of
Mayo, and of Sligo. The County of Clare, or
Thomond hath his Earls of Thomond, of the Fami-
ly of the ô Brenes the old Kings of Connaught,
and Tuam is the Seat of an Archbishop, only Part
but the greateſt of this County was called Clare
of Phomas Clare Earl of Gloucefter. The adjoin-
ing Territory, Clan Richard (the Land of Richard's
Sons,) hath his Earls called Clanrickard of the
Land, but being of the English Family de Burgo,
vulgarly Burk, and both theſe Earls were firſt cre-
ated by Henry VIII. In the fame Territory is the
Barony Atterith, belonging to the Barons of the
English Family Bermingham, of old very warlike,
but their Pofterity have degenerated to the Irish
Barbarifm. The City Gallway, giving Name to
the County, lying upon the Sea, is frequently in-
habited with civil People, and fairly built. The
Northern Part of Connaught is inhabited by theſe
Irish Septs, ô Connor, ô Rourk, and Mac Diermod.
Upon the Weſtern Coaſt lies the Iſland Arran, fa-
mous for the fabulous long Life of the Inhabi-
tants.
5. Ulfter,
364
MORYSON'S Hiftory
5. Ulfter, the fifth Part of Ireland, is a large
Province, woody, fenny, in fome Parts fertile,
in other Parts barren, but in all Parts green and plea-
fant to behold, and exceedingly ftored with Cat-
tle. The next Part to the Pale and to England
is divided into three Counties, Lowth, Down, and
Antrim, the reft contains feven Counties, Mo-
naghan, Tyrone, Armagh, Colerane, Donnegal, Fer-
mannagh, and Cavan. Lowth is inhabited by Eng-
liſh-Iriſh, (Down and Antrim being contained un-
der the fame Name,) and the Barons thereof be
of the Bermingham's Family, and remain loving
to the English. Monaghan was inhabited by the
English Family Fitzurfi, and thefe are become de-
generate and barbarous, and in the Senſe of that
Name are in the Irish Tongue called Mac Mahon,
that is, the Sons of Bears. I forbear to fpeak of
Tyrone, and the Earl thereof, infamous for his Re-
bellion, which I have at large handled in this
Work. Armagh is the Seat of an Archbishop,
and the Metropolitan City of the whole Ifland,
but in Time of the Rebellion was altogether rui-
nated. The other Counties have not many me-
morable Things, therefore it fhall fuffice to speak
of them briefly: The Neck of Land called Le-
caile is a pleafant little Territory, fertil, and abound-
ing with Fiſh and all things for Food, and there-
in is Down, at this time a ruined Town, but the
Seat of a Biſhop, and famous for the Burial of
St. Patrick, St. Bridget, and St. Columb. The
Town of Carrickfergus is well known by the fafe
Haven. The River Bann, running through the
Lake Evagh into the Sea, is famous for the fiſh-
ing of Salmons, the Water being moft clear,
wherein the Salmons much delight. The great
Families (or Septs) of Ulfter are thus named, ô Neal,
ó Donnel, (whereof the chief was lately created
Earl of Tirconnel,) 6 Buil, Mac Gwire, ô Kain, ô
Dogherty, Mac Mahown, Mac Gennis, mac Surleigh,
&c.
of IRELAND.
G
365
&c. The Lake Erne, compaffed with thick
Woods, hath fuch Plenty of Fish as the Fiſher-
men fear the breaking of their Nets rather than
Want of Fiſh. Towards the North, in the midſt
of vaft Woods, (and as I think) in the County
Donnegal, is a Lake, and therein an Ifland, in
which is a Cave, famous for the Apparition of
Spirits, which the Inhabitants call Ellanvi fruga-
dory, that is, the Ifland of Purgatory, and they
call it St Patrick's Purgatory, fabling that he ob-
tained of God by Prayer, that the Irish feeing the
Pains of the damned might more carefully avoid
Sin.
The Situation.
The Land of Ireland is uneven,
mountainous, foft, watry, woody,
and open to Winds and Floods of Rain, and fo
fenny, as it hath Bogs upon the very Tops of
Mountains, not bearing Man or Beaft, but dan-
gerous to paſs, and fuch Bogs are frequent over
all Ireland. Our Mariners obſerve the failing in-
to Ireland to be more dangerous, not only becauſe
many Tides meeting makes the Sea apt to fwell
upon any Storm, but efpecially becauſe they ever
find the Coaſt of Ireland covered with Mifts,
whereas the Coaſt of England is commonly clear
and to be ſeen far off. The Air of Ireland is
unapt to ripen Seeds, yet (as Mela witneffeth) the
Earth is luxurious in yielding fair and ſweet Herbs.
Ireland is little troubled with Thunders, Light-
nings, or Earthquakes, yet (I know not upon
what Prefage) in the Year 1601, and in the Month
of November almoſt ended at the Siege of Kinfale,
and few Days before the famous Battel, in which
the Rebels were happily overthrown, we did
nightly hear and fee great Thundrings and Light-
nings, not without fome Aftoniſhment what they
fhould prefage. The Fields are not only moft apt
to feed Cattle, but yield alfo great Increaſe of
Corn. I will freely ſay, that I obferved the
Winter's
}
I
366
MORYSON'S History
Winter's Cold to be far more mild than it is in
England, fo as the Irish Paftures are more green,
and fo likewiſe the Gardens all Winter time, but
that in Summer, by Reaſon of the cloudy Air and
watry Soil, the Heat of the Sun hath not fuch
Power to ripen Corn and Fruits, fo as their Har-
veft is much later than in England: Alfo I obfer-
ved that the beft Sorts of Flowers and Fruits are
much rarer in Ireland than in England, which not-
withſtanding is more to be attributed to the In-
habitants than to the Air; for Ireland being oft
troubled with Rebellions, and the Rebels not only
being idle themſelves, but in natural Malice de-
ftroying the Labours of other Men, and cutting
up the very Trees of Fruit for the fame Caufe,
or elſe to burn them: For thefe Reaſons the In-
habitants take lefs Pleaſure to till their Grounds
or plant Trees, content to live for the Day in con-
tinual Fear of like Miſchiefs: Yet is not Ireland
altogether deftitute of theſe Flowers and Fruits,
wherewith the County of Kilkenny feems to abound
more than any other Part: And the faid Humility
of Air and Land making the Fruits for Food more
raw and moift; hereupon the Inhabitants and
Strangers are troubled with Loofenefs of Body,
the Country Diſeaſe. Yet for the Rawnefs they
have an excellent Remedy by their Aqua Vita,
vulgarly called Ufquebagh, which binds the Belly,
and drieth up Moiſture more than our Aqua Vite,
yet inflameth not fo much. Alfo Inhabitants as
well as Strangers are troubled there with an Ague
which they call the Irish Ague, and they who are
fick thereof, upon a received Cuſtom, do not uſe
the Help of the Phyfician, but give themſelves
to the keeping of Irish Women, who ftarve the
Ague, giving the fick Man no Meat, who takes
nothing but Milk, and fome vulgarly known Re-
medies at their Hand.
Ireland,
of IRELAND.
367
Ireland, after much Blood ſpilt in the The Fertility
Civil Wars, became lefs populous, and and Traffick.
as well great Lords of Countries as
other inferior Gentlemen laboured more to get
new Poffeffions for Inheritance than by Husbandry
and Peopling of their old Lands to increaſe their
Revenues, fo as I then obferved much Grafs
(wherewith the Iſland ſo much abounds) to have
periſhed without Ufe, and either to have rotted,
or in the next Spring-time to be burnt, left it
fhould hinder the coming of new Grafs: This
Plenty of Grafs makes the Irish have infinite Mul-
titudes of Cattle, and in the Heat of the laſt Re-
bellion the very vagabond Rebels had great Mul-
titudes of Cows, which they ftill (like the No-
mades) drove with them whitherfoever themſelves
were driven, and fought for them as for their Altars
and Families. By this Abundance of Cattle the
Irish have a frequent though fomewhat poor
Traffick for their Hides, the Cattle being in ge-
neral very little, and only the Men and the Grey-
hounds of great Stature. Neither can the Cattle
poffibly be great fince they eat only by Day, and then
are brought at Evening within the Bawns of Ca-
ftles, where they ſtand or lie all Night in a dirty
Yard without fo much as a Lock of Hay, where-
of they make little for Sluggiſhneſs, and that lit-
tle they altogether keep for their Horfes; and
they are thus brought in by Nights for Fear of
Thieves, the Irish ufing almoft no other Kind of
Theft, or elſe for Fear of Wolves, the Deftruc-
tion whereof being neglected by the Inhabitants,
oppreffed with greater Miſchiefs, they are fo much
grown in Number as fometimes in Winter Nights
they will come to prey in Villages and the Sub-
urbs of Cities. The Earl of Ormond in Munster,
and the Earl of Kildare in Leinster, had each of
them a fmall Park incloſed for fallow Deer, and
I have not feen any other Park in Ireland, nor
have
1
368
MORYSON'S History
have heard that they had any other at that time,
yet in many Woods they have many red Deer
looſely fcattered, which feem more plentiful, be-
cauſe the Inhabitants uſed not then to hunt them,
but only the Governors and Commanders had them
fometimes killed with the Piece. They have alſo
about Ophalia and Wexford, and in fome Parts of
Munster, fome fallow Deer fcattered in the Woods:
Yet in the time of the War I did never fee any
Veniſon ſerved at the Table but only in the Hou--
ſes of the faid Earls and of the English Comman-
ders. Ireland hath great Plenty of Birds and
Fowls, but by reafon of their natural Sloth they
had little Delight or Skill in Birding or Fowling:
But Ireland hath neither finging Nightingal, nor
chattering Pie, nor undermining Mole, nor black
Crow, but only Crows of mingled Colour fuch
as we call Royfton Crows. They have fuch
Plenty of Pheaſants as I have known 60 ferved at
one Feaft, and abound much more with Rails, but
Partridges are fomewhat rare. There be very many
Eagles, and great Plenty of Hares, Conies, Hawks,
called Gofs-hawks, much efteemed with us, and
alſo of Bees, as well in Hives at Home as in hol-
low Trees abroad and in Caves of the Earth.
They abound in Flocks of Sheep which they
fheer twice in the Year, but their Wooll is
courſe, and Merchants may not export it, forbid-
den by a Law made on Behalf of the Poor, that
they may be nouriſhed by working it into Cloth,
namely, Rugs (whereof the beft are made at Wa-
terford) and Mantles generally worn by Men and
Women and exported in great Quantity. Ireland
yields much Flax, which the Inhabitants work in-
to Yarn, and export the fame in great Quantity:
And of old they had fuch Plenty of Linen Cloth
as the wild Irish ufed to wear 30 or 40 Ells in a
Shirt all gathered and wrinkled, and waſhed in
Saffron, becauſe they never put them off till they
were
of IRELAND.
369
were worn out. Their Horfes, called Hobbies,
are much commended for their ambling Pace and
Beauty; but Ireland yields few Horfes good for
Service in War, and the faid Hobbies are much
inferiour to our Geldings in Strength to endure
long Journies, and being bred in the fenny foft
Ground of Ireland are foon lamed when they are
brought into England. The Hawks of Ireland,
called Gofs-hawks, are (as I faid) much efteemed
in England, and they are fought out by Money
and all Means to be tranſported thither. Ireland
yields excellent Marble near Dublin, Kilkenny, and
Cork; and I am of their Opinion, who dare ven-
ture all they are worth, that the Mountains would
yield Abundance of Metals, if this publick Good
were not hindred by the Inhabitants Barbarouf-
nefs, making them apt to Seditions, and fo un-
willing to inrich their Prince and Country, and
by their Slothfulneſs, which is fo fingular, as
they hold it Baſeneſs to labour, and by their Po-
verty not able to bear the Charge of fuch Works,
befides that the wifer Sort think their Poverty
beſt for the publick Good, making them peace-
able, as nothing makes them fooner kick againſt
Authority than Riches. Ireland hath in all Parts
pleaſant Rivers, fafe and long Havens, and no lefs
frequent Lakes of great Circuit, yielding great
Plenty of Fish; and the Sea on all Sides yields
like Plenty of excellent Fiſh, as Salmons, Oyfters
(which are preferred before the English) and Shell-
Fishes, with all other Kinds of Sea-Fiſh, ſo as the
Irish might in all Parts have abundance of excel-
lent Sea and freſh Water Fish, if the Fishermen
were not ſo poffeffed with the natural Fault of
Slothfulneſs, as no Hope of Gain, fcarcely the
Fear of Authority can in many Places make them
come out of their Houſes and put to Sea: Hence
it is that in many Places they ufe Scots for Fisher-
men, and they, together with the English make
Profit
370
MORYSON'S Hiftory
•
Profit of the Inhabitants Sluggishness; and no
doubt if the Irish were induftrious in fishing they
might export falted and dry'd Fish with great
Gain. In time of Peace the Irish tranfport good
Quantity of Corn; yet they may not tranfport it
without Licenfe, left upon any fudden Rebellion
the King's Forces and his good Subjects thould
want Corn. Ulfter and the Western Parts of
Munſter yield vaft Woods, in which the Rebels
cutting up Trees, and cafting them on Heaps,
uſed to ſtop the Paffages, and therein, as alfo upon
fenny and boggy Places, to fight with the Eng-
lifh. But I confefs myſelf to have been deceived
in the common Fame that all Ireland is woody,
having found in my long Journey from Armagh to
Kinfale few or no Woods by the Way excepting
the great Woods of Ophalia and fome low fhrubby
Places which they call Glins: Alfo I did obferve
many boggy and fenny Places, whereof great Part
might be dry'd by good and painful Husbandry.
I may not omit the Opinion commonly received
that the Earth of Ireland will not fuffer a Snake
or venomous Beaſt to live, and that the Irish Wood
tranſported for building is free of Spiders and their
Webs; myſelf have feen fome (but very few) Spi-
ders, which the Inhabitants deny to have any Poi-
fon, but I have heard fome English of good Cre-
dit affirm by Experience the contrary. The Iriſh
having in moft Parts great Woods, or low Shrubs
and Thickets, do uſe the fame for Fire, but in other
Parts they burn Turf and Sea-Coals brought out
of England. They export great Quantity of Wood
to make Barrels, called Pipe-ftaves, and make
great Gain thereby. They are not permitted to build
great Ships for War, but they have fmall Ships,
in fome Sort armed to refift Pirates for tranfport-
ing of Commodities into Spain and France, yet
no great Number of them: therefore, fince the
Irifh
of IRELAND.
371
Iriſh have ſmall Skill in Navigation, as I cannot
praiſe them for this Art, fo I am confident that
the Nation, being bold and warlike, would no
doubt prove brave Seamen if they fhall practife
Navigation, and could poffibly be induſtrious
therein. I freely profefs that Ireland in general
would yield Abundance of all Things to civil and
induſtrious Inhabitants: And when it lay wafted
by the late Rebellion, I did fee it after the coming
of the Lord Mountjoy daily more and more to
flouriſh, and in fhort time after the Rebellion ap-
peaſed, like the new Spring to put on the wonted
Beauty.
Touching the Irish Diet, fome
The Diet. Lords and Knights, and Gentlemen of
the English-Irif, and all the English there abi-
ding, having competent Means, ufe the English
Diet, but fome more, fome lefs cleanly, few or
none curioufly, and no doubt they have as great
and for their Part greater Plenty than the Eng-
lifh, of Flesh, Fowl, Fish, and all things for
Food, if they will ufe like Art of Cookery. Al-
ways I except the Fruits, Venifon, and fome
Dainties proper to England, and rare in Ireland.
And we must conceive, that Veniſon and Fowl
ſeem to be more plentiful in Ireland, becauſe they
neither fo generally affect dainty Food, nor fo di-
ligently fearch it as the English do. Many of the
English-Irish, have by little and little been infect-
ed with the Irish Filthinefs, and that in the very
Cities, excepting Dublin, and fome of the better
Sort in Waterford, where the English continually
lodging in their Houſes, they more retain the
English Diet. The English-Irish after our Man-
ner ſerve to the Table Joints of Fleſh cut after
our Faſhion, with Geefe, Pullets, Pigs, and like
roafted Meats, but their ordinary Food for the
common Sort is of Whitmeats, and they eat Cakes
of Oats for Bread, and drink not English Beer
VOL. II.
made
A a
:
372
MORYSON'S Hiftory
made of Malt and Hops, but Ale. At Cork I
have ſeen with thefe Eyes, young Maids ftark
naked grinding of Corn with certain Stones to
make Cakes thereof, and ftriking off into the
Tub of Meal, fuch Reliques thereof as ftuck on
their Belly, Thighs, and more unfeemly Parts.
And for the Cheeſe or Butter commonly made
by the English-Iriſh, an Engliſh Man would not
touch it with his Lips, though he were half
ftarved; yet many English Inhabitants make very
good of both Kinds. In Cities they have fuch
Bread as ours, but of a fharp Savour, and fome
mingled with Annifeeds, and baked like Cakes,
and that only in the Houſes of the better Sort.
At Dublin and in fome other Cities, they have
Taverns, wherein Spanish and French Wines are
fold, but more commonly the Merchants fell them
by Pints and Quarts in their own Cellars. The
Irish Aquavitæ, vulgarly called Ufquebagh, is
held the beſt in the World of that kind; which
is made alfo in England, but nothing fo good as
that which is brought out of Ireland. And the
Ufquebagh is preferred before our Aquavitæ, be-
cauſe the mingling of Raiſons, Fennel-Seed, and
other things, mitigating the Heat, and making
the Tafte pleaſant, makes it lefs inflame, and yet
refresh the weak Stomach with moderate Heat,
and a good Reliſh. Theſe Drinks the English
Irish drink largely, and in many Families (efpeci-
ally at Feafts) both Men and Women uſe Exceſs
therein. And fince I have in Part ſeen, and often
heard from others Experience, that fome Gentle-
women were fo free in this Exceſs, as they would
kneeling upon the Knee, and otherwife garauffe
Health after Health with Men; not to fpeak
of the Wives of Irish Lords, or to refer it to
the due Place, who often drink till they be drun-
ken, or at leaft till they void Urin in full Affem-
blics of Men, I cannot (though unwilling) but
note
"
of IRELAND.
373
note the Irish Women more fpecially with this
Fault, which I have obſerved in no other Part
to be a Woman's Vice, but only in Bohemia:
Yet ſo as accufing them, I mean not to excufe
the Men, and will alfo confeſs that I have ſeen
Virgins, as well Gentlewomen as Citizens, com-
manded by their Mothers to retire, after they had
in Curtefy pledged one or two Healths. In Ci-
ties Paffengers may have Feather Beds, foft and
good, but most commonly lowfy, eſpecially in
the high Ways, whether that came by their being
forced to lodge common Soldiers, or from the
nafty Filthiness of the Nation in general. For
even in the beſt City, as at Cork, I have obſerved
that my own and other English Mens Chambers
hired of the Citizens, were fcarce fwept once in
the Week, and the Duft then laid in a Corner,
was perhaps caft out once in a Month or two. I
did never fee any publick Inns with Signs hanged
out, among the English or English-Irish; but the
Officers of Cities and Villages appoint Lodgings
to the Paffengers, and perhaps in each City, they
fhall find one or two Houfes, where they will
drefs Meat, and theſe be commonly Houſes of
English men, feldom of the Irish, fo as thefe Houſes
having no Signs hung out, a Paffenger cannot
challenge Right to be entertained in them, but
muſt have it of Courtefy, and by Intreaty.
The wild and (as I may fay) meer Irish, inha-
biting many and large Provinces, are barbarous
and moſt filthy in their Diet. They skum the
feething Pot with an handful of Straw, and ſtrain
their Milk taken from the Cow through a like
handful of Straw, none of the cleaneft, and fo
cleanſe, or rather. more defile the Pot and Milk.
They devour great Morfels of Beef unfalted, and
they eat commonly Swines Fleſh, feldom Mutton,
and all theſe Pieces of Flefh, as alfo the Intrails
of Beafts unwashed, they feeth in a hollow Tree,
lapped
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374
MORYSON'S History
lapped in a raw Cows hide, and fo fet over the
Fire, and therewith fwallow whole Lumps of
filthy Butter. Yea (which is more contrary to
Nature) they will feed on Horfes dying of them-
felves, not only upon fmall want of Flesh, but
even for Pleafure. For I remember an Accident
in the Army, when the Lord Mountjoy, the Lord
Deputy, riding to take the Air out of the Camp,
found the Buttocks of dead Horfes cut off, and
fufpecting that fome Soldiers had eaten that Fleſh
out of Neceffity, being defrauded of the Victuals
allowed them, commanded the Men to be fearch-
ed out, among whom a common Soldier, and
that of the English-Irish, not of the meer I-
rish, being brought to the Lord Deputy, and
asked why he had eaten the Flesh of dead Horſes,
thus freely anſwered, Your Lordship may pleaſe
to eat Pheaſant and Partridge, and much good do
you that beft likes your Tafte; and I hope it
is lawful for me without Offence, to eat this
Fleſh that likes me better than Beef. Whereup-
on the Lord Deputy perceiving himself to be de-
ceived, and further underſtanding that he had re-
ceived his ordinary Victuals (the detaining where-
of he ſuſpected, and purpoſed to puniſh for Ex-
ample,) gave the Soldier a Piece of Gold to
drink in Ufquebagh for better Digeſtion, and ſo
difmiffed him.
it
The forefaid wild Irish do not threſh their
Oats, but burn them from the Straw, and fo make
Cakes thereof, yet they feldom eat this Bread,
much lefs any better kind, eſpecially in the time
of War, whereof a Bohemian Baron complained,
who having feen the Courts of England and Scot-
land, would needs out of his Curiofity return
through Ireland in the Heat of the Rebellion;
and having Letters from the King of Scots to the
Irish Lords then in Rebellion, first landed among
them, in the furtheft North, where for eight
Days
of IRELAND.
375
Days Space he had found no Bread, not fo much
as a Cake of Oats, till he came to eat with the
Earl of Tyrone, and after obtaining the Lord De-
puty's Paſs to come into our Army, related this
their want of Bread to us for a Miracle, who no-
thing wondred thereat. Yea, the wild Irish in
time of greateft Peace impute Covetoufnefs and
baſe Birth to him, that hath any Corn after Chrift-
mas, as if it were a Point of Nobility to confunie
all within thoſe feftival Days. They willingly
eat the Herb Schamrock, being of a tharp Tafte,
which as they run and are chafed to and fro,
they fnatch like Beafts out of the Ditches.
Neither have they any Beer made of Malt and
Hops, nor yet any Ale, no, not the chief Lords,
except it be very rarely: But they drink Milk
like Nectar, warmed with a Stone firft caft into
the Fire, or elſe Beef-broath mingled with Milk:
But when they come to any Market-Town, to
fell a Cow or a Horſe, they never return home,
till they have drunk the Price in Spanish Wine
(which they call the King of Spain's Daughter,)
or in Iriſh Ufquebagh, and till they have out-flept
two or three Days Drunkenneſs. And not only
the common Sort, but even the Lords and their
Wives, the more they want this Drink at home,
the more they fwallow it when they come to it,
till they be as drunk as Beggars.
Many of theſe wild Irish eat no Fleſh, but that
which dies of Diſeaſe or otherwife of it felf, nei-
ther can it ſcape them for ftinking. They defire
no Broath, nor have any Uſe of a Spoon. They
can neither feeth Artichokes, nor eat them when
they are fodden. It is ftrange and ridiculous, but
moſt true, that fome of our Carriage Horfes fal-
ling into their Hands, when they found Soap and
Starch, carried for the Ufe of our Laundreffes,
they thinking them to be fome dainty Meats,
did eat them greedily, and when they ſtuck in
their
376
MORYSON'S History
their Teeth,curfed bitterly theGluttony of us English
Churls, for fo they term us. They feed moft on Whit
meats, and efteem for a great Dainty four Curds,
vulgarly called by them Bonaclabbe. And for this
Cauſe they watchfully keep their Cows, and fight
for them as for Religion and Life; and when they
are almoſt ſtarved, yet they will not kill a Cow,
except it be old, and yield no Milk. Yet will
they upon Hunger in time of War open a Vein
of the Cow, and drink the Blood, but in no caſe
kill or much weaken it. A Man would think
theſe Men to be Scythians, who let their Horſes
blood under the Ears, and for Nouriſhment drink
their Blood, and indeed (as I have formerly faid,)
fome of the Irish are of the Race of Scythians,
coming into Spain, and from thence into Ireland.
The wild Irish (as I faid) feldom kill a Cow to
eat, and if perhaps they kill one for that Pur-
pofe, they diftribute it all to be devoured at one
time; for they approve not the orderly eating at
Meals, but fo they may eat enough when they
are hungry, they care not to faft long. And I
have known ſome of theſe Irish Footmen ferving
in England, (where they are nothing less than ſpa-
ring in the Food of their Families,) to lay Meat
afide for many Meals, to devour it all at one
time.
Thefe wild Irish as foon as their Cows have
calved, take the Calves from them, and thereof
feed fome with Milk to rear for Breed, fome of
the reft they fley, and feeth them in a filthy Poke,
and fo eat them, being nothing but Froth, and
fend them for a Prefent one to another: But the
greateſt Part of theſe Calves they caft out to be
eaten by Crows and Wolves, that themſelves
may have more Abundance of Milk. And the
Calves being taken away, the Cows are fo mad
among them, as they will give no Milk till the
Skin of the Calf be ftuffed and fet before them,
that
of IRELAND.
377
that they may ſmell the Odour of their own Bel-
lies. Yea, when thefe Cows thus madly deny
their Milk, the Women wash their Hands in
Cows Dung, and fo gently ſtroke their Dugs,
yea, put their Hands into the Cows Tail, and
with their Mouths blow into their Tails, that
with this Manner (as it were) of Inchantment,
they may draw Milk from them. Yea, theſe
Cows feem as rebellious to their Owners, as the
People are to their Kings, for many times they
will not be milked but of fome one old Woman
only, and of no other. Theſe wild Irish never
fet any Candles upon Tables; What do I fpeak
of Tables? fince indeed they have no Tables,
but fet their Meat upon a Bundle of Grafs, and
ufe the fame Grafs for Napkins to wipe their
Hands. But I mean that they do not fet Candles
upon any high Place to give Light to the Houſe,
but place a great Candle made of Reeds and But-
ter upon the Floor in the midft of a great Room.
And in like fort the chief Men in their Houſes
make Fires in the midſt of the Room, the Smoak
whereof goeth out at a Hole in the Top thereof.
An Italian Friar coming of old into Ireland, and
feeing at Armagh this their Diet and Nakedneſs
of the Women, is faid to have cried out,
Civitas Armachana, Civitas vana,
Carnes crude, mulieres nude.
Vain Armagh City, I did thee pity,
Thy Meat's Rawnefs, and Womens Na-
(kedneſs.
I truſt no Man expects among theſe Gallants
any Beds, much lefs Feather-beds and Sheets,
who like the Nomades removing their Dwellings,
according to the Commodity of Paftures for their
Cows, fleep under the Canopy of Heaven, or in
a
378
MORYSON'S Hiftory, &c.
a poor Houſe of Clay, or in a Cabbin made of
the Boughs of Trees, and covered with Turf,
for fuch are the Dwellings of the very Lords a-
mong them. And in fuch Places, they make a
Fire in the midft of the Room, and round about
it they fleep upon the Ground, without Straw
or other thing under them, lying all in a Circle
about the Fire, with their Feet towards it. And
their Bodies being naked, they cover their Heads
and upper Parts with their Mantles, which they
first make very wet, fteeping them in Water of
purpoſe, for they find that when their Bodies have
once warmed the wet Mantles, the Smoak of
them keeps their Bodies in temperate Heat all the
Night following. And this Manner of lodg-
ing, not only the meer Irish Lords, and their
Followers uſe, but even ſome of the English-Iriſh
Lords and their Followers, when after the old
but tyrannical and prohibited Manner, vulgarly
called Cofhering, they go (as it were) on Pro-
grefs, to live upon their Tenants, till they have
confumed all the Victuals that the poor Men
have or can get. To conclude, not only in lodg-
ing Paffengers, not at all or moft rudely, but even
in their Inhofpitality towards them, thefe wild
Irish are not much unlike to wild Beafts, in whoſe
Caves, a Beaft paffing that Way, might perhaps
find Meat, but not without Danger to be ill en-
tertained, perhaps devoured of his infatiable
Hoft.
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