Zº
K. E. Y.
* ...,
BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT:
ALPHABETICAL NOTICES
of THE
LO R D S A. N. D. C. O M M O N S
or
GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND :
THE
REGULATIONS AND STANDING ORDERS of Both Houses,
RESPECTING
3}ribílegºš, 3}ribate 33ills, jets, jºints, and Committees;
LIST's or THE
LORDS OF HIS MAJESTY'S PRIVY COUNCIL,
AND or THE
SCOTTISH AND IRISH NOBILITY WHO DO NOT SIT
IN THE
H O U S E O F P E E R S :
WITH EVERY OTHER SPECIES OF INFORMATION RESPECTING THE
CONSTITUTION, HISTORY, AND USAGES
or
PARLIAMENT.
A country may have a good Constitution, and a bad Government; and vice versa.-The
Constitution of England is immortall
A Saying of Cardinal Richelieu.
LONDON :
JAMES COCHRANE AND CO., 11, WATERLOO PLACE.
1832.
JN
STC 3
K #4
| ? 32.
LONDON:
PRINTED BY THOMAS DAvison, 1.0 MBARD-STREET, whit EFRIARS.
|º lºoºº-ºo
To
T H E FIRST RE FOR MER
IN THE
BRITISH EMPIRE,-
HIS MAJESTY, T H E KING,-
THE
FOLLOWING ATTEMPT
To
GENERALIZE AND ELUCIDATE
WHAT
HAS, HITHERTO, BEEN AN INCONGRUOUS AND CHAOTIC MASS,-
IS DUTIFULLY,
AND
witH THE Most PROFound RESPECT,
DEDICATED,
BY THE AUTHOR.
TO THE CRITICAL READER.
THE present work, the composition of which has
occupied the Author's undivided attention for up-
wards of two years, has been repeatedly announced
in the Journals as “THE PARLIAMENTARY
POCKET-BOOK.” This very fair alliterative title,
which was sufficiently catching, to suit the wishes of
any modern bibliopole, would not now have been dis-
pensed with, but from the awkward circumstance that,
during its progress, the said book hath so increased in
bulk as to require a pocket of no ordinary dimensions
to contain it.—Whilst confessing his own inexperience
and miscalculation, however, the writer begs pardon of
their High Mightinesses, the Reviewers, for having thus
deprived them of a capital opportunity of exercising
their wit upon him by the rather obvious, but per-
tinent, joke of his “Pocket-Book being as big as a
Bible:”—at the same time he invites the polite at-
tentions of these “ good-natured friends” rather
to the interior than the exterior of the volume; trust-
ing that they will act towards him as he has done in
regard to others, viz.:-
“To speak of him as he is:—nothing extenuate;
Nor set down aught in malice.”
London,
Feb. 15th, 1832.
ABBREVIATIONS
USED THROUGHOUT THIS WORK,
CIVIL DESIGNATIONS.
D.C.L.... Doctor of Civil Law.
D.D...... Doctor of Divinity.
F.A.S.... Fellow of the Society of Arts.
F.H.S.... Fellow of the Horticultural Society.
F.L.S. ... Fellow of the Linnaean Society.
F.R.S.... Fellow of the Royal Society.
F.S.A....Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries.
L.L.D....Doctor of Laws.
M.A.. ... Master of Arts.
M.P. .... Member of Parliament.
M.R.I.A..Member of the Royal Irish Academy.
P.C.E....Privy Councillor in England.
P.C.I.... Privy Councillor in Ireland.
MILITARY DESIGNATIONS. -
BRITISH ORDERS OF KNIGHT HOOD.
C.B. . . . . Companion of the most Honourable Military Order of the Bath.
K.G.C.B. Knight Grand Cross of the Bath.
K.C.B... Knight Commander of the Bath.
K.G. .... Knight of the most Noble Order of the Garter.
K.P..... Knight of the most Illustrious Order of St. Patrick.
K.T..... Knight of the most Ancient Order of the Thistle.
FOREIGN ORDERS.
K.A...... Knight of St. Andrew in Russia.
K.A.N.... Knight of Alex. Newski in Russia.
K.B.A....Knight of St. Bento d'Avis in Portugal.
K.B.E.... Knight of the Black Eagle in Russia.
K.C...... Knight of the Crescent in Turkey.
K.C.S....Knight of Charles III, in Spain.
K.E...... Knight of the Elephant in Denmark.
viii
ABBREVIATIONS.
K.F... . . .
K.G.F...
Knight of Ferdinand in Spain.
Knight of St. Ferdinand and Merit in Sicily.
. Knight of the Golden Fleece in Spain.
K.G.H. ..Knight of Guelph of Hanover.
K.G.V... .
K.L.....
Knight of Gustavus Vasa, in Sweden.
Knight of St. Joachim.
. Knight of Leopold of Austria.
Knight of Malta.
... Knight of Merit in Holstein.
Knight of Maximilian Jos. in Bavaria.
... Knight of St. Maria Theresa in Austria.
... Knight of the Royal North Star in Sweden.
... Knight of the Red Eagle in Prussia.
... Knight of St. Anne in Russia.
... Knight of St. Esprit in France.
... Knight of St. George in Russia.
... Knight of the Sun and Lion in Persia.
... Knight of St. Stanislaus in Poland.
... Knight of the Sword in Sweden.
... Knight of St. Wlademir in Russia.
Knight of William in the Netherlands.
... Knight of the White Eagle in Poland.
Knight of the Tower and Sword in Portugal.
C O N T E N T S.
Page
INTRODUCTORY SKETCH of the History and Con-
stitution of Parliament - - - - - - . xvii
THE ORDER of DIGNITY and PRECEDENCE to be
observed in the HOUSE OF PEERS, according to their
Rank and Creation :-
Speaker and Deputy Speakers - - - ... 1
Princes of the Royal Blood . - - - - . id.
Archbishops - - 2
Dukes 3
Marquesses . - - - - - - . 7
Earls . - - - - - - - - . 9
Viscounts . - - - - - - - . 18
Bishops - - - - - - - - . 20
Barons - - - - - - - - . 25
Peeresses in their own right - - - . . . 37
Enumeration of Lords having seats - - - , 38
Alphabetical List of Scottish and Irish Peers who sit in
the House with English Titles . - - - . 39
Personal Privileges of the Peers . - . 41
STANDING ORDERS of the HOUSE of PEERS, respect-
ing the Privileges of the Peerage, Public and Private Bills,
&c., with Remembrances for Order and Decency to be
kept in the Upper House of Parliament by the Lords,
when His Majesty is not there; leaving the solemnity
belonging to His Majesty's coming, to be marshalled by
those Lords to whom it more properly appertains - . 45
Act of Parliament for placing of the Lords . - . 117
INDEX to the STANDING ORDERS of the House of
Lords . - - . 121
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT of the SPIRITUAL and
TEMPORAL LORDS of PARLIAMENT; including
the Representative Peers of Scotland and Ireland,-the
b
x CONTENTS.
Page
Representative Irish Prelates for Session 1831 and 2, and the
Peeresses of England, Great Britain, and the United King-
dom, in their Own Right; in which are minutely noted all
the circumstances relative to the Birth, Titles, Succession,
Marriage, Heirship, and Relationship of each Peer; also,
the years of their Creation, Names, and Surnames, Official
Appointments, Parliamentary Patronage, Country Seats, and
Town Residences . - - - - - - . 139
Abbreviations - - - - - - - . 140
The PEERS and PEERESSES of SCOTLAND, in the
Order in which they stand on the ELECTION ROLL; with
Personal Notices in every case wherein the individual is not
a Representative Peer, nor possesses a Seat in the House of
Lords, by being, likewise, a Peer of England, Great Britain,
or the United Kingdom:—
Dukes - - - - - - - - . 244
Marquesses . - - - - - - - . id.
Earls, and Countesses in their Own Right . - . id.
Viscounts . - - - - - - - . 248
Barons . - - . id.
THE SPIRITUAL and TEMPORAL LORDS of IRE-
LAND, according to their ORDER OF PRECEDENCE;
with personal Notices, in every case wherein the individual is
not a Representative Prelate or Peer, nor possesses a Seat in
the House of Lords, by being likewise a Peer of England,
Great Britain, or the United Kingdom:—
Princes of the Royal Blood . - - - - . 251
Archbishops - - - - - - - ... id.
Duke . - - - - - - - - . 252
Marquesses . - - - - - - - id.
Earls, and Countesses in their Own Right . - . 253
Viscounts . - - - - - - - . 259
Bishops - - - - - - . .263
Barons, and Baronesses in their Own Right . - , 265
CLASSIFICATION of the SCOTTISH PEERAGE . 272
CLASSIFICATION of the IRISH PEERAGE - . 273
INDEX to the PEERAGES of SCOTLAND and IRE-
LAND . - - - - - - - - . 274
CONTENTS. xi
Page
SURNAMES of all the SPIRITUAL and TEMPORAL
LORDS of GREAT BRITAIN and IRELAND, AL-
PHABETICALLY ARRANGED - - - . 278
COURTESY TITLES borne by the ELDEST SONS of all
Dukes, Marquesses, and Earls, in the Three Kingdoms . 284
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT of all the COUNTIES,
CITIES, UNIVERSITIES, BOROUGHS, and CINQUE
PORTS in England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland, which
return MEMBERS to the COMMIONS' HOUSE of PAR-
LIAMENT:—
Including the Periods of their Franchise, Personal Rights
of Election, Number of Voters, Population, Returning
Officers, Electioneering Influence, and other particulars:
with the Name and Designation, Official Appointments,
Profession, Occupation, Relationship, Parliamentary
Patronage, and Town and Country Residences of each
Representative . - - - - - - . 287
Abbreviations - - - - - - - . 288
SUMMARY of the WHOLE HOUSE of COMMONS , 431
NUMBER of MEMBERS sent to Parliament by EACH
COUNTY in ENGLAND; also by WALES, SCOT-
LAND, and IRELAND - - - - - . 432
COUNTIES, CITIES, UNIVERSITIES, BOROUGHS,
and CINQUE PORTS of England, Wales, Scotland, and
Ireland, in the ORDER in which their Representatives are
CALLED OVER in the House of Commons:—
England - - - - - - - - . 433
Wales - - - - - - - - . 435
Scotland - - - - - - - - . 436
Ireland - . 437
CLASSIFICATION of the MEMBERS of the HOUSE of
COMMONS . - - - - - - - . 438
ABSTRACT of LAWS and RESOLUTIONS relative to
the ELECTION of MEMBERS to serve in Parliament:—
Elections . - - - - - . 441
Persons who are not eligible to be Members . - . 452
Qualification of Members - - - - - . 456
xii CONTENTS.
Page
Parliamentary Examination of Returns - - . 457
Privileges of Members - - - . 463
A DIGEST of the STANDING ORDERS of the HOUSE
of COMMONS relating to Private Bills and other Matters:–
Private Bills, generally - - - - - . 465
Bridges, Bills for Building . - - - - . 475
Turnpike Roads, Bills for Making - - - . 476
Canals, Cuts, Aqueducts, Reservoirs, and the Improve-
ment of River-Navigation, Bills for . - - . 478
Railways, or Tramroads, Bills for Making . - . 481
Tunnels or Archways, Bills for Making - - . 482
Ferries or Docks, Bills for Making - - - . id.
Piers, Ports, or Harbours, Bills for Making or Improving 483
Enclosing, Draining, or Improving of Lands, Bills for . 484
County-Rates, Gaols, and Houses of Correction, Bills re-
lating to . - - - - - - - . 486
Churches, Chapels, or Burying-Grounds, Bills relating to id.
Paving, Lighting, and Cleansing, or Improving Cities or
Towns, Bills for - - - - - - . 487
Town-Halls or Market-Places, Bills for Erecting or Im-
proving . - - - - - - - id.
Poor-Rates, Maintenance or Employment of the Poor,
and Workhouses, Bills relating to . - - , id.
Small Debts, Bills for the more Easy Recovery of . 488
Letters Patent, Bills for Confirming or Prolonging the
Term of . - - - - - - - . 489
Divorce, Bills of . - - - - - - . 490
Religion, Bills respecting - - - - - , id.
Trade, Bills respecting - - - - - id.
Public Money, Application for - - - - id.
Temporary Laws - - - - - - . 491
Promulgation of Statutes id.
FEES to be paid to the OFFICERS and SERVANTS of
the HOUSE of COMMONS, on PRIVATE BILLS and
other MATTERS:- -
Fees on Private Bills, generally . - - - , 493
Fees to be paid into the Committee Clerk's Office . . 495
CONTENTS. xiii
Page
Fees to be paid into the Private Bill Office . - - º
Fees to the Clerk of the Committee of Elections . . 501
Fees to Short Hand Writers - - - - id.
Fees on Taxation of Costs on Private Bills . - . 502
Fees on Election Petition Recognizances and Bills of Costs id.
Fees to be paid for various other Matters - - . 503
Standing Orders respecting Fees . - - . 504
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT of PLACES REPRE-
SENTED in the SECOND PARLIAMENT of William
the Fourth - - - - - - - - . 505
ALPHABETICAL LIST of the MEMBERS of the LATE
AND PRESENT HOUSE of COMMONS: with the
names of PLACES REPRESENTED by them in EACH
PARLIAMENT . - - - - - - . 533
NUMBER of MEMBERS for and against a REFORM of
the COMMONS' HOUSE; according to the PLEDGES
REQUIRED and GIVEN at the LATE ELECTION:
with the POPULATION and PROPERTY supposed to
be represented in the several Kingdoms, Counties, Cities,
and Boroughs . - - - - - - - . 549
COMPARATIVE NUMBER of MEMBERS according to
the POPULATION of each Kingdom . - - -
COMPARATIVE CONSTITUTION of the LATE and
PRESENT HOUSE of COMMONS . - - . 552
A CHRONOLOGICAL LIST of the SPEAKERS of the
Honourable the House of Commons; and of IMPORTANT
ACTS and OCCURRENCES in Parliament, from the ear-
liest Accounts to the present time . - - - . 553
551
APPENDIX.
LIST of the LORDS CHANCELLORS, LORDS
KEEPERS, and COMMISSIONERS of the GREAT
SEAL ; from the Norman Conquest, up to the present
time - - - - - - - - . 771
xiv. CONTENTS.
CERTAIN PROTESTS OF THE LORDS, selected from
the Journals of the House, and occasionally referred to
throughout this work:-
Concerning Suspected Papists and Popish Recusants .
— The Royal Pardon on Impeachment by the Commons
— The Trial of Peers in Parliament - -
Protest against a Bill to Legalize the Proceedings of the
Convention Parliament - - - -
Concerning the Privilege of Peers to enter their Dissents
or Protests - - - - - - -
Protest against the Incorporation of the Bank of England
— Against the Attaint of Mary, Queen of James II.
— Against the establishment of Septennial Parliaments
— Against the First Mutiny Bill, and concerning the
Establishment of a Standing Army in time of Peace
— Against relieving Quakers from taking Oaths in Courts
of Justice - - - - - - -
— Against the establishment of Pest Houses, and against
drawing lines around Cities and Towns in case of Plague
— Against disarming the Scottish Highlanders
— Against employing Hanoverian Troops in the British
Service - - - - - - - -
Concerning Disorders in the House, and ordering Strangers
to withdraw during Debate - - - -
Protest against the Continuance of the American War
Concerning the undertaking of Government Contracts by
Members of the House of Commons -
— The Introduction of Foreign Troops into Great
Britain, &c. - - - - - - -
Protest against the Interference of Government with the
Affairs of France - - - - -
ROYAL APPROBATION of the CHOICE of a SPEAKER
by the COMMONS' HOUSE of PARLIAMENT .
CITIES and TOWNS in England which FORMERLY
SENT MEMBERS to Parliament; but which NOW DO
NOT - - - - - - -
The same places, arranged under their respective Counties:
with the dates of their Franchise and Discontinuance
Page
781
id.
. 783
. 784
785
786
id.
. 787
. 789
. 807
. 810
. 813
. 817
. 823
CONTENTS. XV
Page
The SHIRES, STEWARTRIES, and ROYAL BURGHS
of SCOTLAND, as they were called over in the Rolls of
Parliament, BEFORE the UNION of 1707; with the
Number of COMMISSIONERS returned by each . . 827
COUNTIES, CITIES, and BOROUGHS of IRELAND,
which sent Members to the IRISH PARLIAMENT,
before the UNION of 1801 . - - - - . 829
Numerical Representation of the Irish Provinces, pre-
viously, and subsequent, to the UNION . - . 833
ALPHABETICAL LISTS of NOBLE and IGNOBLE
BOROUGHMONGERS 5–with the Number of Persons
deputed by each to Sit and Vote in the Commons' House of
Parliament:—
Lords . - - - - - - - - . 835
Commoners . - - - - - - - . 840
OFFICERS and CLERKS of PARLIAMENT:—
House of Peers . - - - - - - . 844
House of Commons - - - - - - . 845
THE KING'S Most Honourable PRIVY COUNCIL for
GREAT BRITAIN - - - - - - . 849
Officers of the Privy Council - - - - . 880
THE PRIVY COUNCIL of IRELAND . - - . 881
Officers of the Irish Privy Council. - - - . 885
THE MINISTRY and OFFICERS of STATE of the
UNITED KINGDOM:—
The British Cabinet . - - - - - . 886
Chief Functionaries of England . - - - , id.
Chief Functionaries of Scotland . - - - . 889
The Cabinet and Chief Functionaries of Ireland . . 890
Officers of the King's Household . - - - . 891
Officers of the Queen's Household . - - - . 893
British Ministers at Foreign Courts - - - . id.
Lords Lieutenant, Custodes Rotulorum, &c. of the several
Counties of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland . 896
Governors of Colonies and Settlements . - - . 901
CURIOUS ACCOUNT of a CONTENTION for the
PRIMACY between the ARCHBISHOPS of CANTER-
BURY and YORK - - - - - - . 903
xvi CONTENTS.
- Page
ORDER of PRECEDENCE of PEERS CREATED and
ELECTED, and of SPIRITUAL LORDS WHO HAVE
TAKEN THEIR SEATS, since this Work has been in
the Press - - - - - - - - . 906
SUPPLEMENT to the ATLPHABETICAL ACCOUNT of
SPIRITUAL and TEMPORAL LORDS of PARLIA-
MENT . - - - - - - - - . 909
CHANGES which have RECENTLY TAKEN PLACE
in the COMMONS’ House of Parliament - - . 915
ADDENDA et CORRIGENDA - - - - . 918
INTRODUCTORY SKETCH
OF THE
HISTORY AND CONSTITUTION
OF
PAR LIAMENT.
THE BRITISH KYFR_Y_TEHEN,
IN inquiring into the origin of Parliaments in England, we
would fain begin at the beginning; but it is impossible, at
this time of day, from want of records, to state accurately
what was the constitution of the Grand Council of the Ancient
Britons. That they had Parliaments we are assured beyond
a doubt.—From Gildas we learn that Parliaments existed in
England, during its occupation by the Romans; although we
have every reason to believe that not only they, but the Kings,
also, were merely instruments in the hands of these conquerors,
for the collection of tribute:–in other words, that they were
tax-gatherers to the Roman Emperors for upwards of three
hundred years. The same author informs us, that a British
Parliament, sunk in the imbecility of luxury and long continued
dependence, despatched letters to the Senate of Rome, be-
seeching assistance against the Scots and Picts who made incur-
sions beyond the wall of Severus, as soon as the Roman legions
had quitted the island to defend their own states against the
invasion of the barbarians of the North. Upon the Senate's
refusal, on the plea that they were otherwise engaged, but
c

xviii INTRODUCTION.
advising them to help themselves, Vortigern and “his Thaynes”
sent an embassy to the warlike Saxons, with a similar request,-
little supposing that as soon as the common enemy was over-
come, they, themselves, should have to pass under the yoke of
military despotism, and become “hewers of wood and drawers of
water” to their new guests. Those who opposed the treacherous
Saxons were driven out of their country, and thus almost all
the ancient records of the nation were for ever lost.
Regarding the origin of this ancient British Parliament, we
know little farther than what is recited in the laws of the good
King Edward, otherwise styled the Confessor, which were con-
firmed by William the First, and sworn to by all succeeding
kings. Under the title De Greve, chap. 35, we find the famous
King Arthur celebrated as the inventor and founder of the
yearly Folkmote of the Calends of May:-‘‘Hanc legem in-
venit Arthurus, qui quondam fuit Inclytissimus Rex Bryto-
num, et ita consolidavit et confederavit regnum Britanniae
universum semper in unum.”—This law of the anniversary
Folkmote, Arthur invented, who was heretofore the most re-
nowned King of the Britons; and, thereby, he consolidated
and confederated together the whole realm of Britain for ever,
(1S 0726 7/2(177.
On this passage it is necessary to make two observations;
first, in regard to Folkmote, which being a Saxon word, signi-
fying a general meeting of the Folks or people, could not be
the designation of the ancient British Parliament of King
Arthur and his successors, any more than the word Parlia-
ment itself, introduced by the Normans several hundred years
afterwards, could be supposed to designate the Folkmote of
the Saxons. The ancient Britons, therefore, must have used
some other expression to denote the annual or occasional
meetings of themselves or their representatives, for the public
weal; and this expression we find from Spelman and others


INTRODUCTION. xix

to have been “Kyfry-then” (Kyfr-y-Thayne?), that is, the
assembly of the Lawgivers;–which institution, or its desig-
nation, we have no reason to suppose to have been changed
whilst the Romans remained; for it is well known, that when-
ever that domineering people appointed a consul or military
governor over a distant and conquered province, they took
care to support his authority by aid of the national assembly
of chiefs already subsisting.
Secondly, as to the general assembly of the people on the
Calends of May, being the invention of Arthur, it may be
observed, without derogating from the merit of that illustrious
statesman and hero, that similar institutions existed in neigh-
bouring countries, as well as in England; and that too, long
before the middle of the sixth century, when Arthur flourished.
Whether the annual convention of ancient Irish kings, princes,
and Olam or learned men, took place at this season of the year
on Mount Tobhra”; or whether such was the case in the
periodical assemblages of the chieftains and people of Scotland,
is uncertain: but we have the authority of Radulphus de
Diceto (a celebrated and authentic historian, and dean of St.
Paul's, in the reign of King John), for stating that an institu-
tion in every respect similar to the Folkmote, existed in France
in the year 662, and no doubt many centuries earlier; for he
speaks of it as being then an ancient custom, which had survived
the executive part of the government, already fallen into decay
through the imbecility of the Merovingian family. His words
are these:—“From henceforward, the French Kings degene-
rating from their accustomed valour and learning, the govern-
ment was administered by the Masters of the Palace; the kings
themselves reigning only by name. It was their custom, indeed,
to succeed to the crown, according to their descent; but they
neither did, nor ordered, any thing of themselves: their whole


* Now Tara Hill.
XX INTRODUCTION.
business being to eat and drink immoderately, to live at home,
and to preside in an assembly of the WHOLE NATION on
the CAL ENDs of MAY; there to be addressed, to receive
allegiances and gifts, to requite services, and so to retire to
the same kind of life, until another May came round *.” -
We shall presently see that the French assembly of the
Calends of May, assimilated in every respect with that held in
Britain under the British and Saxon kings at the same season
of the year; –first repeating that the Saxon Folkmote, as is
recorded in the laws of Edward the Confessor, was only a
restitution, or rather a continuation of the ancient British

Kufr—y-then.
THE SAXON FOLKMOTE.
Sir Henry Spelman, in his learned Glossary, page 315, thus
speaks of Folkmotes:– “In a Folkmote, once every year, at
the beginning of the Calends of May, (as in a yearly Parlia-
ment,) there met together the Princes of the realm, as well
bishops as magistrates, and the freemen. All the laymen
/
are sworn in the presence of the Bishops, into a mutual coven-
ant with one another, into their fealty to the King, and to pre-
serve the rights of the kingdom. They consult of the common
safety, of peace, of war, and of promoting the public profit.”—
“Besides, a Folkmote is used in every sudden danger; and
likewise, if necessity require it, under the alderman (that is,
the Earl) of every county+.”
* “Adhinc, Francorum Regibus a solita fortitudine et scientia degenerantibus,
Regni potentia disponebatur per Majores Domus, Regibus solo nomine regnantibus;
quibus moris erat principari quidem secundum genus, et nil agere vel disponere,
praeterquam irrationabiliter edere et bibere, domique morari, et kal. Maii, prae-
sidere coram tota gente, et salutari, obsequia et dona accipere et rependere, et sic
secum usque ad alium Maium permanere.”—Abbreviat. Chronicorum. Auct. Radul-
pho de Diceto, folio 439.
t “In Folcmoto semel quotannis, sub initio Kalendarum Maii (tanquam in an-
nuo Parliamento) Convenere Regni Principes, tam Episcopi quam Magistratus,
Tiberique homines. Jurantur laici omnes coram Episcopis in mutuum foedus, in

INTRODUCTION. xxi
We see by the above, which, by the by, are extracts from
chap. 35 of the Laws of Edward the Confessor, that the Folk-
mote consisted of the whole nation, properly speaking : viz. –
the princes, (that is, the bishops and magistrates,) and the
freemen;–women, children, and bondsmen, being necessarily
excluded: and although no mention is made of the presence
of the Sovereign, we can hardly doubt the fact that he presided
over this august and general assembly of the nation, in the
same manner that the kings did in France, and the aldermen
or Earls did in the provincial Folkmotes at home; more par-
ticularly, when it is recollected, that a principal part of the
business of the assembly consisted in swearing fealty to the
Sovereign, and in vowing to preserve the rights of the kingdom.
From the multitude of persons necessarily present, it will be
objected that these general assemblies of the people had no
resemblance to our modern Parliaments: yet we find this to
be the case; for we see by the above extract, that their's was
purely Parliamentary business; for, they not only renewed or
strengthened the covenants already subsisting between King
and people; and with each other; but also consulted “of the
common safety, of peace, of war, and of promoting the public
profit;” including all things, of course, appertaining to in-
ternal and external commerce. In fact, every thing relative to
the common weal was transacted and decreed in these annual
Folkmotes, that are usually discussed and enacted during the
session of Parliament at Westminster, by the Houses of Lords
and Commons.
It will be asked, however, how was it possible to collect the
sense or determination of so vast a body of persons as were ne-
cessarily assembled, on any particular subject or question ?—
The ancient mode of carrying a point by acclamation, is the
fidelitatem Regis, et in jura regni conservanda. Consulitur de Communi Salute, de
Pace, de Bello, et de utilitate publica promoyenda.”—“Adhibetur praeterea Folc-
motum in repentino omni discrimine, exigente etiam necessitate, sub Aldermanno,
(hoc est Comite) cujuslibet Comitatus.”
xxii INTRODUCTION.

obvious answer to this question. When parties were (or were
supposed to be) nearly balanced, the present mode of “divid-
ing the House” plainly indicates that the persons present at the
Folkmote ranged themselves on each side of the president's
chair; and in still more doubtful cases, we may easily suppose
that the numerical strength of the majority was discovered by
Tellers, as is the present parliamentary practice.
But it has been objected that the Folkmote was dissimilar to
our modern Parliament, inasmuch as it did not make Laws;
the same being supposed to have been made in the WITTE-
NAGEMoTE, or assembly of the WITEs, or chief or wise men,
among the Saxons; and this objection is in a small degree
borne out by a passage from the above Glossary of Sir Henry
Spelman. He says, under the word Gemotum : “a Wittena-
gemote was the same thing amongst the English Saxons, as
now, at this day, a Parliament is amongst us ; and a Wittena-
gemote differed little from a Folkmote, except that this last was
annual, and sat chiefly on the standing affairs of the nation.—
The other was called at the King's pleasure, upon emergencies
of state, and for the sake of making laws”.”
But, with all due deference to the research and acute reason-
ing of this learned antiquary, it may be asked, For what
purpose did this annual convention consult on peace, on war,
and on all things appertaining to the public welfare, unless the
intention were to legislate thereon?—to express their assent to,
or dissent from, any measure proposed for their consideration ?
—and solemnly to decree that the will of the majority should
constitute the Law of the Land 2 Is it to be supposed that the
effective part of the whole nation, leaving their domestic and
other occupations, would meet year after year, and remain for
days together, talking of the propriety of declaring war, of
* “Wittenagemotidem apud Anglo-Saxones quod apud nos hodie Parliamentum,
parumque a Folcmoto differebat, nisi quod hoc annuum esset et e certis plerumque
causis; illud ex Arduis Contingentibus, et Legum condendarum gratia, et arbitrium
Principis indictum.” -

IN TRODUCTIONS xxiii
granting or suing for peace, of the best mode of repelling an
invader, of public and private grievances, and the best and
most ready methods of redressing those grievances, if they had
not the power to enact their own conclusions;–if they could not
say, “thus shall it be;—we, the princes, bishops, magistrates
and freemen of England hereby declare our will on this subject
to be the Law—which all persons are expected to uphold, and
which no one may dare to disobey, but at his peril?”—To sup-
pose this would be as absurd as to say that the business of our
present House of Commons is to consult on the ways and means
of raising money, without the power of forming their delibera-
tions into a law, or of levying the necessary contributions on
the nation at large.
But we have proof positive that the Folkmotes not only
made laws, but that all the laws that were promulgated for
the government of the kingdom were decreed in them alone.
In the coronation oath taken by the former Kings of England,
and twice taken by Richard the Second, are these words:–
“Concedis justas leges et consuetudines esse tenendas; et
promittis per te esse protegendas, et ad honorem Dei corro-
borandas quas vulgus elegerit, secundum vires tuas?” Re-
spondebit, “Concedo et promitto.”—“Do you grant that the
just laws and customs which are of the Folk’s choosing shall
be kept; and do you promise that they shall be protected, and
to the honour of God receive corroboration by you to the
utmost of your power 2° The king shall answer, “I grant
and promise.”
Now the word vulgus, in the original, as is well known, is a
collective noun, signifying the people, the common people *, the
* By the by, “common people” is a very silly expression and a perfect re-
dundancy in language: we might as well say, an ancient antiquity, a sovereign
monarch, a fighting soldier, or a female woman. A people are neither common
nor uncommon: –the People are the CoMMONs; and the Commons are ALL
THE PEOPLE. In books, printed so late as James I., the word “Commons” is
used in this sense only.
xxiv. INTRODUCTION.
commons; and when deprived of the Latin termination us, is
only the ancient mode of spelling “folk;” the two words vulg
and folk being identically the same, and differing in sound,
only, in a very slight degree. It being granted, therefore,
that the vulgs, or folks, chose the laws; how, or where, could
they choose or enact them, except in a Vulgmote or Folkmote *
As to the penal or criminal laws, which required an eye
for an eye, a tooth for a tooth, and life for life; and whereby
punishment was inflicted upon thieves, marauders, &c.; also,
all laws of natural right and justice; it is easy to see, according
to the coronation oath, that they formed a part of the “just
laws and customs, which were of the Folk’s CHOOSING;” and
that, being once passed or enacted in the folkmote, there was
no necessity for recurring to them year after year, except for
the purpose of swearing to and confirming them. This will.
account for Sir Henry Spelman's strange oversight and mis-
conception in stating that the Folkmote “sat only upon the
standing affairs of the nation,” whilst “the Wittenagemote was
called by the prince upon emergencies of state, and for the sake
of making laws.” For the latter purpose we have seen, that
there was no necessity ; the laws having been made ALREADY;
and, being universally known, approved, and acted on, they
were, by way of high republican distinction, styled the CoM-
Mons' LAws”. These laws, then, with the institution of the
* It is singular how the meanings of some words and expressions degenerate
by long usage:—this Code of Laws, the proud title of which soars high above
those of Justinian and Napoleon, has in modern times been debased by the
appellation of Common Law:—some of our judges, and other learned legistes,
terming it “the Common Law of the Land,” in order, doubtless, to distinguish it
from the Statute Law: as if it were formed of coarser and baser materials than
that which is written in the Statute-books!— By a similar process, the Commons'
Council, the Commons' Serjeant, and the Commons' Lands, have been trans-
mogrified into Common Council, Common Serjeant, and common lands; and
it is really surprising that the House of Commons, itself, has escaped con-
tamination; for, by the same rule of nicknaming, nothing could be easier than
to turn the Commons' House into a common house!—These transmutations

INTRODUCTION. xxv.
kyfr—y-then, or folkmote itself, formed a principal portion of
the ancient British, and afterwards Saxon, CoNSTITUTIon.
THE WITTENAGEMOTE.
But it will be asked, “What, then, was the Wittenage-
mote? and what was the purpose of its institution, if the
Laws were made in the Folkmote?”—The answer is simple
and ready :-The Folkmote being a customary or annual
Parliament, per se, and of its own authority ;-because all
the magistrates, bishops, and freemen were present therein;
the Wittenagemote, or Assembly of Wise Men, was a Con-
servative Council, or Parliament by delegation, to be con-
vened by the Prince on emergencies of State (ardua con-
tingentia),—as well as for the purpose of making laws which
should be remedial and declaratory of the Commons' Laws,
when necessary; and for the hearing of appeals from the
decisions of the Courts.-The very title of this Assembly
shows that it was composed of men of established character
for wisdom, elected from among the great body of Princes and
freemen, for the purpose of holding council with the King
at any time and place he might appoint, on those difficult
points of government (ardua regni), which the Commons'
Laws did not permit him to decide or execute, upon his own
official authority.—Here then we have the very origin of
will strongly remind the reader of the famous tavern-sign, in the canting days
of Cromwell's Protectorate, on which was the pious inscription, “GoD ENcoM-
PASSETH Us;” which inscription, however, after the lapse of half a century, being
worn out by wind and weather, some unlucky wight of a painter undertook to
restore: but the designation of the house having by this time degenerated into
a mere legend, and the artist attending more to sound than sense, he painted on
the board a certain shaggy quadruped with long beard and horns, standing
between the diverging points of a well-known instrument used for mathematical
admeasurement; and instead of the above-mentioned consolatory reflection, he
wrote underneath, “THE GoAT AND CoMPASSES.”
d
xxvi INTRODUCTION.
Representation in England:—the Wites, or members of the
Wittenagemote, being deputed by the Folkmote to assist the
King in the management of the public affairs, from one Calends
of May to another, submitted to their constituents, annually,
an account of their Acts and proceedings; and proposed new
measures for their consideration:-if these were approved
of, and were in accordance with the Constitution, they were
solemnly confirmed or adopted by the great popular assembly
and added to the code of “Laws of the Folk's choosing,”
already in force; but, if otherwise, they were immediately
annulled or rejected.—Thus, was the Wittenagemote account-
able to the Folkmote;—the smaller representative body to the
larger constituent one; nor could the former do any thing
that was not subject to the revision and control of the latter.
Truly may it be said, “that all the Commons' Laws were
enacted in the Folkmote, only;”—for, unlike the Acts of
Norman Parliaments, which assume a jurisdiction independent
of the People, nay, sometimes, even over the Constitution
itself,-the Acts of the Wittenagemote would have been treated
as a dead letter, if not confirmed by the approving decree of
the Folkmote. And, as our Ancestors had too high a reverence
for their glorious Constitution,-too great a regard for their
own personal rights, to yield permanent obedience to any
ordonnance of their Conservative Senate, until it had received
the fiat of the Primary Assembly of the People, we see at
once that the Folkmote fully answered the purpose of its
institution, in being an impenetrable and perpetual barrier
against the inroads of usurpation and the encroachments of
tyranny: for, no unconstitutional measure or expedient which
was either contrary to the rights of the people, or exclusively
favourable to the rich and powerful, -nor, even any assumed
prerogative of the King himself, though sanctioned by the
courtesy of a Wittenagemote, and stamped with a temporary

INTRODUCTION, xxvii
legitimacy during the few months previous to the Folkmote,
—was ever likely to pass current in that assembly.—It was
the same with aids or taxes; which, though officially pro-
posed by the Wittenagemote who had calculated their
probable amount according to the wants of the state for
the year, were fixed and assessed by the Folkmote, only;
the freemen composing which, cheerfully paid them on the
spot.—We thus see that the business of the Wittenagemote
was purely conservative, whilst that of the Folkmote was
legislative; for our ancestors would not trust even their
own Representatives, although they acknowledged them to
be “wise men,”—either to decree the laws or to fix the
taxes.—We now arrive at an accurate knowledge of the busi-
ness transacted annually in the ancient Folkmotes of Britain,
on the Calends of May :—besides making such amendments
in the law, as were deemed necessary by the majority of
freemen, and deciding on the propriety of peace or war, they
elected a new Wittenagemote and new magistrates for the
ensuing year;-having then contributed their aids and bene-
volences”, they entered, in the presence of the Bishops, into a
* To have said “paid their taxes,” would have been an expression so harsh
as by no means to accord with the harmony which reigned in the Folkmotes.
Notwithstanding the frequent boast of Englishmen that they are taxed only by
their Representatives, too many of them know to their sorrow that taxation may
exist without representation;–for, who is the representative of the artizan in
the town, the labourer in the field, or the mariner on the ocean?—and yet all
these men pay taxes.—But we beg pardon of “their high mightinesses” of
Gatton and Old Sarum; for we had forgotten, what they themselves so often
assert, that they are the virtual and independent Representatives of the Great
Un-represented.—It is natural, however, that taxes, which generally are imposed
by the will of another, should be unwillingly paid; therefore, such impositions
by no means assort with the voluntary aids, and the “benevolences,” which our
ancestors, according to their ability, contributed for the general welfare. The
word “benevolences” explains itself:-these were the voluntary gifts of those
whose circumstances enabled them to add something more to their lawful share
of the general assessment.—But, the good-nature of our ancestors is easily
accounted for, when we consider that they had a good and a cheap government,
xxviii INTRODUCTION.
new covenant with each other; swearing to preserve the rights
of the kingdom and to continue their allegiance to the King.
In conclusion, meritorious services to the state were publicly
rewarded, and gifts and compliments interchanged between
King and people (“obsequia et dona accipere et rependere”).
The business of the Folkmote was followed by those manly
sports and pastimes, and that hilarious festivity, which from
time immemorial distinguished the commencement of the
beautiful month of May among the nations of Europe;—the
mere tradition of which (for even May-day is fast approaching
to dissolution) is now the only memento of that Palladium of
England's liberties, of that wall of fire which our ancestors
threw up to protect us from taxation and slavery, the
FolkMoTE.
THE COMMONS COUNCIL.
It is well known that the government of the Saxons in Eng-
land was terminated by the battle of Hastings: but the Duke
of Normandy, who gained that battle, so far from founding
his title to the crown upon the right of conquest, took all the
methods in his power to propagate the belief that he was King
Edward's heir, from the particular appointment of that sove-
reign; and it was by the people's consent, soon afterwards, in
their folkmote, that he was empowered to ascend the throne.
He even made a compact with the Commons, swearing to guard
the Constitution, and to ensure their liberties; and he took
the same coronation oath which had usually been taken by
the Saxon Kings. These oaths were taken in the Commons'
and that their King cost them absolutely nothing; for the revenues arising from
his own private lands were quite sufficient for the discharge of all the ordinary
expenses of the Crown; without any tax or impost on the people. Public
contributions were required only to defray the expenses of war: and let it be
remembered that both for the declaration of war and the expenses attending it,
the freemen, themselves, gave their votes.
INTRODUCTION. xxix
Council, a new legislative assembly composed of the freemen
as before, as well as of William's followers, who were admitted
to vote therein: this Council of the Commons was, in fact,
the same institution as the folkmote; but it was convenient
to drop the latter designation. But even the Commons'
Council was afterwards most impudently referred to by Wil-
liam's successors, as “Magnatum Conventus” (the Convention
of Magnates or great Men); and “Pralatorum Procerumque
Concilium” (the Council of Prelates and Chiefs) |
William treated the people with some show of humanity at
his accession; but finding that they were dissatisfied and dis-
gusted with his system of unduly rewarding his Norman fol-
lowers with English estates”; and that they were consequently
deliberating upon dethroning him, and giving the crown to
Edgar Athelingt, who was the true heir, he threw off the
mask, and treated them in the most barbarous manner;
oppressing and impoverishing them by every means in his
power, and even cutting off the hands and feet of many thou-
sands who dared to murmur at his tyranny. He now destroyed
the whole of the north of England with fire and sword; razed
numberless towns and villages to make room for his forests or
hunting grounds; and gave away all the lands in the kingdom
to his Normans, whom he now chose to dignify with the title
of Barons; so that at the time of his death there was not a
single English or Saxon freeholder who was possessed of an
acre of land in his own right. He trod the Constitution under
* As soon as William had dispossessed a grumbling Earl, or other magi-
strate of his jurisdiction, his land,-and perhaps his life, he thrust a Norman
into his place; so that the machinery of the courts of law was not stopped;
although it is more than questionable whether equal justice was administered
by the newly-fledged Baron, as by the experienced and learned Earl or El-
derman.
+ Atheling signifies prince, and was not a surname, as historians would seem
to indicate: the Saxons had no surnames. Prince Edgar is the proper modern
appellation of this youth.
XXX INTRODUCTION.
foot, as well as the Statutes which he had enacted, declaratory
of it; and so far was he from paying any regard to the Saxon
laws, that he substituted a council of his own newly-made
ignorant Barons for both Wittenagemote, Folkmote, and
Commons' Council; and he introduced not only the Norman
laws and customs into England, but also the Norman lan-
guage, by ordering that all the transactions in the Baronial
Council, and all the pleadings in the courts of justice, should
be in that barbarous dialect of the French tongue! So fearful,
however, was this treacherous wretch of an insurrection, after
his shameful treatment of the poor, despoiled Saxons, that
he compelled them, on pain of death, to extinguish their
candles and fires every evening at eight o'clock, on the ringing
of the Corfew Bell"; after which time no Englishman was
permitted to leave his home.—It was not till about thirty-
four years afterwards (A.D. 1100) that Henry I., William's
youngest son, permitted them the use of fire and candle in
the night season. This Prince, on mounting the throne, so
effectually distributed the treasure which his father and brother
had amassed by their extortions, that he was generally recog-
nized as the lawful sovereign; but what rendered him still
more popular with the natives, was his restoration of the ancient
Commons' Laws as declared by King Edward the Confessor.
The Normans, however, took care to secure to themselves the
first fruits of these laws; for, they insisted not only on keeping
possession of their new estates, but also of holding them on
* This is the Curfew, some remnant of which exists in England at the pre-
sent day:—it is compounded of the French words couvre feu, to cover the fire;
—which was done by an iron plate thrown over it, so as suddenly to smother the
embers.-The poor Irish, during the enforcement of the late Insurrection Acts,
whilst thrusting their smoked and shaggy heads out at the doors and windows
of their cabins, to inhale a mouthful of fresh air, and to take a parting glimpse
at the sun as he descended on the neighbouring mountains,—about the hour of
six in the evening, must have wondered how their friends, the Sassenachs, liked
the Curfew :
INTRODUCTION, xxxi
the same advantageous terms as their Saxon predecessors.
Before that time, the kingdom was governed by the sole will
and pleasure of the Prince; and both life and fortune were in
the power of the Crown: so that the Norman invaders who
had hitherto been mere feudal slaves or vassals, not only gained
immense landed estates by their adventure; but also secured the
same to themselves and their posterity, as well as their lives
and liberties, by the laws of the very people whom they pre-
tended to have conquered; and which laws they at first affected
to despise, because they did not understand them. Upon the
Saxon laws, thus revived and reduced to writing, but afterwards
abrogated by the infamous John, was founded that statute
which is so well known by the name of MAGNA CHARTA.
But, although the great change which had taken place, both
in power and property, had hitherto warranted the proverb of
“New Lords, New Laws,” the Constitution was preserved
from destruction; for, although feudal tenures and other Nor-
man enormities were engrafted upon it, the power of the Sove-
reign was limited by law, and he could not become absolute
but by an act of usurpation, for which he was liable to be called
to account by the Barons, either in their council or in the field:
at the same time, that statute of William was revived,
which enacted “That the freemen should hold and enjoy
their lands and possessions, free from all unjust exaction and
tallage; and that nothing should be exacted from them, but
their free service, which they by right owed to the Crown:”
this Statute, which had been passed in the Commons’ Council
of the kingdom as declaratory of the ancient Constitution,-
but which had been set aside by the two faithless Williams,
who made no ceremony of trampling upon all rights both
human and divine,—was now confirmed.—Thus, we find that
although so many efforts were made by the first Normans,
who obtained a footing in the country, and by their posterity
since, to crush and to destroy the rights of Englishmen;–may


xxxii INTRODUCTION.
even, by fire and sword, to efface the very memory of them
from the mind of man,—our glorious Constitution rose superior
to their futile attempts.-And even the treacherous and greedy
invaders themselves, when they began to reflect that it was
but of little use to obtain a good thing, unless they had the
power to keep it, saw that, with all their feudalism, they were
not safe from the tyranny of a wilful and irascible chief:-
they therefore sought security in those very laws by which the
kingdom had been governed from time immemorial. To the
fears and avarice, therefore, of these Normans,—as well as to
the natural love of justice which reigns in the mind of every
nation, collectively, do we owe our present possession of the
wise Constitution settled by our ancestors ;- for are we not
still governed by the Commons' Laws?—have we not still the
right of choosing our Magistrates?–do we not still possess
our Commons’ Lands 2—are not our courts of law still re-
gulated by Trial by Jury?—and do we not still send delegates
to our Wittena—that is, to our Parliament? And however our
rights in these institutions may have occasionally been en-
croached upon and usurped, they are only suspenDED,-not
destroyed.—But the Folkmote ſ—hinc illae lachryma, 1–Ah,
the Folkmote is no more –To the Norman robbers of our
lands we owe also the abstraction of that palladium of our
liberties: for, these men having constituted themselves the pri-
vileged few,-although they had no objection to existing laws
which afforded them protection,-usurped the right of adding
to them, by first sinking the Folkmote into the Commons'
Council, and then dispensing with the legislative assistance of
the people, altogether.—The right of making new laws, and of
changing “THE ESTABLISHED LAw of THE LAND,"—has
since been vested in the two Houses of Parliament *.

* Let us for a moment suppose that the Folkmote had been in existence since
the commencement of our present political dilemma.--What an immensity of
trouble would have been spared to our ministers and legislators, by handing over
INTRODUCTION. xxxiii
THE GREAT COUNCIL OF BARONS.
We learn from Ingulphus, Eadmerus, and their contem-
poraries, that during the reign of the three first Norman Princes,
“The Great Council met at least three times in the year, viz.
at the great festivals of Christmas, Easter, and Whitsuntide;”
and that, as a matter of course, or of common right:-such
assemblages being styled by these and other historians, “Curia
de More,” and “Curia Regis de More co-adunata.” For
such customary meetings, therefore, no summons was required;
but whenever the King was desirous of consulting the Barons
at any other time, it was usual to send to each a particular
writ or summons to meet him at a certain time and place,
wheresoever he might be, “to advise with him on the affairs
of the kingdom.” These ea traordinary assemblages were styled
° and “Conventus
“Conventus Principum ea. Precepto Regis,”
Procerum ea. Edicto Regio,” to distinguish them from the
regular meetings at the above-mentioned festivals. On all
occasions of assembling, however, the same kind of business
<->
was transacted, viz. determinations on war or peace with
foreign nations, the enactment of laws, grants of aid to the
King, and the trial of great causes; as those between Baron
and Baron, &c. &c.
The Barons and other Tenants in Chief of the Crown, during
the reign of William the First, were about seven hundred in
the “Reform Question” to the freemen there assembled – How many yards
of “Broad-sheet Speech” would have been saved to Sir Robert Peel !—how
many bushels of botheration to that victim of boroughmongering sensibility,
Sir Charles Wetherell!—what mountains in labour might have been spared the
agonies of parturition, in bringing forth those elegiac effusions,—those funereal
dirges, which Lords Eldon, Ellenborough, Londonderry, Wharncliffe, and
Exeter's Bishop, have said or sung over the putrid remains of their Con-
stitution;–that is, of the Constitution of the rotten boroughs!—The free-
holders of England, in their Folkmote, notwithstanding their numbers,
would have settled the matter in a jiffy,
e
xxxiv. INTRODUCTION.
number, as we find recorded in Domesday Book: they pos-
sessed all the lands in England, except such as the King chose
to reserve for himself; which portion in that record is styled
“Terra Regis,” but is now usually denominated the “An-
cient demesne of the Crown of England.”
These “Tenants in Chief,” therefore, with some few occa-
sional exceptions, composed the Parliament of those times:
they had a right, and it was their duty, to assemble with and
without summons, according to custom and emergency; and
the Sovereign never thought of summoning any person to his
Council who was not a Tenant in Chief; nor of conferring upon
any one, by his letters patent of creation (as is the practice in
the present day), a right to sit there: on the other hand, he
was not at liberty to omit summoning any Tenant in Chief;
all having an equal right to sit and advise in the Great Council
of the Nation. Henry III, once attempted such a stretch of
power; that is, by calling together only such of the Tenants
in Capite as he thought most devoted to his interests; but the
consequence was, that no sooner did they meet than they broke
up in anger; declaring themselves to be an incompetent assembly
to proceed on public business, without the assistance of their
brother Barons.
As there were no Lords of the King's creation in those days,
so neither were the counties, cities, and boroughs, represented
in Parliament by persons elected for that purpose by the
people; for, the landed interest of the kingdom being con-
sidered to be sufficiently represented and protected by the
principal tenants of the Crown, the manufacturing and com-
mercial or trading interests were not considered of sufficient
importance to be represented separately. We find, indeed, by
Magna Charta, that King John promised to summon the
Clergy, Nobility, and Commons, to meet at a certain place,
with forty days' notice, to assess aids and scutages, when neces-
INTRODUCTION. xxxv.
sary; but there is no proof of their assembling until the year
1266; that is, in the forty-ninth year of the reign of his son
Henry III.; there being writs still extant of that date, sum-
moning knights of counties, citizens, and burgesses to meet in
Parliament.
This great change in the constitution of the Great Council
was occasioned, in the first place, by the frequent demands of
John, Henry, and Edward, upon the Barons, for money and
other aid for carrying on expensive wars; and their dissatis-
faction and frequent refusals thereupon ;—as may be seen by the
Protest below, which was made by them in the year 1242*;
* King Henry III. solicited the Parliament for a sum of money to carry on
the war in France; which the Barons refused to give him: but lest the words
of their refusal should be forgotten or misconstrued, they thought proper to
commit them to writing. This instrument is in the form of a protest; and is
the first we meet with upon record. It is in these words:—
“Since, by the King's command, the Lord Archbishop of York, the rest of
the Bishops, Abbots, and Priors in England, by themselves or proxies, also all
the Earls and most of the Barons of England, have met at Westminster, on
Wednesday before the Purification of the Blessed Mary, in the year of our
Lord one thousand two hundred and forty-two, and in the twenty-sixth year of
the reign of Henry III. to hear the will and pleasure of the King, for which he
summoned them; and the said Lord the King sending unto them the said
Archbishop, with the noble lord Earl Richard, and master Walter of York,
provost of Beverly, as his solemn messengers, to notify to them the King's
mind and business, and to ask the advice and assistance of the Lords in sus-
taining his hereditary dominions beyond the sea, that regard his kingdom of
England; therefore the said Bishops, Abbots, Priors, Earls, and Barons,
taking the King's message into their serious consideration, returned the King,
by the same Lords, this advice, viz. That the King should wait until the truce
betwixt him and the French King was expired; and if the said King of France
should chance to enterprise any thing against the form and tenor of the said
truce, that then the King of England should send unto them solemn mes-
sengers to ask advice, and to put the said French King upon holding the said
truce, and forbearing those enterprises, if they were made by him or by his
subjects. That if the said French King refused to do this, that then they
freely, to this advice, would lend all their aid and assistance, which they all
unanimously consented to do. Likewise, that since he had been their sovereign
Lord, they had many times granted him supplies; first, the thirtieth part of all
moveables, after that the fiftieth, and then the sixtieth ; a fortieth part on all
carucats and hides of land, many scutages, and one very great scutage for the
xxxvi INTRODUCTION.
for the Tenants in Capite had, by this time, fallen consider-
ably into decay, not only from former assessments, but from
the subdivision of their estates and the inheritance of females.
In the second place, as property became more equalized among
the proprietors of the land, a great proportion of it, or of its
representative, money, found its way into the pockets of the
inhabitants of the cities and towns; who furnished articles of
marriage of his sister to the Emperor: after all this, truly four years were
scarce elapsed but he again sought another aid, and at last, after much entreaty,
a thirtieth was also granted him, with this condition, however, which he ratified
by charter, that neither this, nor any former exactions, should stand as prece-
dents for others. Besides this, the King then granted to them that all liberties
contained in Magna Charta should, in a more ample manner, be held through
this kingdom; and to that end, gave them a smaller charter, in which it is so
included. Add to this, that our said Lord the King, of his own free will, and
by the advice of his whole assembly of Barons, granted to them, that all the
money rising from this thirtieth part should be laid up safely in the King's
castles, under the guardianship of our English noblemen, the Earl Warren and
others, by whose direction and advice the said money should be disbursed for
the service of the King and kingdom, whenever it was necessary; and because
the Barons never knew, nor heard that the said money was expended by the
advice and consent of the aforesaid Lords, they do verily believe that the King
is still possessed of that money, and therefore cannot now have occasion for
more. They are likewise well acquainted, that since that time he has had
so many escheats, as that of the archbishopric of Canterbury and other rich
bishoprics of England, as well as of the lands of the deceased Earls, Barons,
and Knights, who held of him; that, even by these very escheats, he ought to
have a large sum of money by him, if it was properly taken care of Besides,
from the time of giving that thirtieth part, his itinerant justices have not ceased
to make their circuits through all parts of England, as well as with pleas of
forest, and with all other pleas, so that every county, hundred, city, town, and
almost every village in England, has been grievously amerced; and by these
circuits alone, great sums of money have been collected for the King's use;
from all which they can well aver, that the kingdom is so burdened and impo-
verished, that they have little or nothing left for themselves, and because that
the Lord our King, after the grant of the last thirtieth part, never kept to his
charter, therefore it more than usually troubled them; and since, by another
charter, he granted, that these exactions should not be made precedents, there-
fore they positively made answer to their said Lord the King, that they would
not, for the present, grant him any aid. Nevertheless, as they acknowledged
him to be their sovereign Lord, they should be willing to give him the best
advice in their power, if he would carry himself well towards them to the end
of the said truces.”
INTRODUCTION. xxxvi
luxury and convenience to the now wide-spreading and decay-
ing aristocracy. The natural consequence of such accumulation
of capital among the citizens was its gradual conversion into
the property of land, either by mortgage or purchase; for, the
needy Baron, whose duty, pride, and safety, would not permit
him to reduce his establishment of military and domestic de-
pendents, was glad to admit the monied artizan to share the
ownership of his lands, in exchange for gold, to enable him to
equip his retainers for the King's service in war;-for the
carrying on of feuds with the neighbouring lords of the soil;-
or for joining the mad expeditions to the Holy Land: indeed,
there were many instances wherein the latter infatuation was
so strong, that powerful nobles sold off and alienated for ever
from their families both house and land; and if by chance they
returned from the Crusades, they stepped on the English coast
as beggars; or, at the best, remained dependent on the King's
bounty for the rest of their lives.
On the subdivision of lands, as above noticed, the following
distinction was made among the Barons or Tenants in Chief,
according to the quantity of land which they held:—they were
denominated Barones Majores and Barones Minores; that is,
greater and lesser Barons;–the possession of a three-hundredth
part of a barony constituting a Lesser Baron. Both had a
right to come to the Great Council, and the only difference
made between them in Magna Charta is, that the King was
bound to send a particular summons to each of the Barones
Majores; but the others were to be summoned only by the
Sheriffs.
THE NORMAN PARLIAMENT.
Such was the constitution of Parliament until the victory of
Henry, or rather of his son Prince Edward, over the con-
federate Barons at Evesham, when that monarch took the
xxxviii INTRODUCTION.
liberty of selecting whom he pleased to sit in the Great
Council. Edward I. continued to exercise the same power
of omitting to summon some of the Barons; so that, at last,
the haughty spirit of many being subdued by such repeated
inroads on their privileges, it became the general opinion, and
consequently the law or custom, that the King's writ, only, gave
a Baron the right of sitting in Parliament. Still, he neither
summoned any others than tenants in Capite, nor did he create
any Lords by patent; that, indeed, was not done in any in-
stance until the reign of Richard II.; nor were such Lords
summoned till the time of Henry the Sixth.
In the 23d year of Edward I., instead of summoning all the
Lesser Barons to Parliament, according to the pledges of King
John's Charter, this King gave directions for them to send two
out of their number from each county to represent them, and
take care of their interests in the Assembly of the Greater
Barons:—hence originated the designation of Knights of Shires
or Counties. This change was, no doubt, agreeable to many
of the Lesser Barons, on account of their poverty, which made
a personal attendance in Parliament a burthensome and ex-
pensive duty. Their Representatives at first sat and voted with
the Barons; joining with them in taxing themselves and all the
other freeholders of the nation.
As in little more than a century and a half the powerful and
warlike chieftains, whom William the Norman had possessed of
all the lands in the kingdom, became sunk in the scale of pro-
perty and influence, so the democracy, or inhabitants of the
cities and boroughs, emerged from their low condition, and
arose into sufficient consideration to justify their claim to be
represented in Parliament. Both Henry III. and Edward I.
were wise enough to take advantage of the change which had
taken place; for, as the Barons became restive under the
burthen of the aids required by the Sovereign, these monarchs
INTRODUCTION. xxxix
and their advisers were well pleased at discovering other and
more efficient means for supplying the wants of the state:—
more particularly as the price required for permission to work
so rich and so inexhaustible a mine, was the cheap but flatter-
ing privilege of electing persons from their own body, who
should fix the annual rate of assessment. The Barons, nothing
loth, granted their permission for Citizens and Burgesses to
share with them the legislative power; aware that, by such
courtesy, they removed from their own shoulders, for ever, at
least nine tenths of the burthen of taxation. They would not,
however, consent to sit with them in Council, but appropriated
for them a separate Chamber; retaining to themselves their
privileges as Peers, and conceding only to the Commons the
right of negativing any Bill or proposition originating in their
House which might not meet their approbation; which right
they themselves also exercised, when necessary, in regard to
Bills, &c. originating in the Commons' House.
But, in order the more effectually to guard their own dig-
mity and privileges, and to secure and support their interests
and influence as the great owners of the land, the Barones
Majores adopted the plan of discarding the Knights of the
Shire, or the Representatives of the Minor Barons, from their
own house, and of turning them over into that of the Citizens
or Burgesses; and the opportunity which they seized for doing
this was in the twenty-third year of Edward I., when the
Commons were convened to consent to the taxes necessary to
be imposed upon them instead of the former mode of tallaging.
Two great objects were attained by this measure: in the first
place, they got rid of all the poorer members of their own order;
and, secondly, by throwing so preponderating an influence into
the Commons' House, they completely counterbalanced the
power, or rather stemmed the tide, of democracy, which was
fast encroaching on their interests, as lords of the soil.
xl INTRODUCTION.
Thus arose the modern Parliament of Lords and Commons,
instead of the Great Council, consisting of Tenants in Chief;
and it may not be improper to remark in this place, that as
the Peers refused to associate with the Commons as one
assembly, the latter reserved to themselves the power of im-
posing all taxes, and of granting supplies for the King's use,
and for all public purposes. In such cases the Lords must of
course give their consent; but all Money Bills, of every de-
scription, to this day are originated in the House of Commons.
It would be a tedious task to particularise here the various
changes which the Parliament underwent from the time of
Edward I., by the fraud of some Kings and the violence of
others, until the reign of Charles I., whose unhappy disputes
with his Commons, in 1628, produced that spirited remon-
strance from the latter, entitled “The Petition of Rights;”
suffice it to say, that generally, Parliaments were held an-
nually;-that is, fresh and fresh, every year.
The Petition in question was for a redress of grievances in-
flicted by the Sovereign and his dependants, and for a restora-
tion of those constitutional rights which had been confirmed
and guaranteed by Magna Charta and sia: other statutes, but
violated by Charles and his predecessors. The King at first
evaded the passing of the subjects of this petition into a law;
but when they were again recurred to and carried by a great ma-
jority of both Houses, he was so offended, that he abruptly dis-
solved the Parliament, and refused to call another for twelve
years. In 1640, however, being starved into submission,-for
he could not obtain a sufficient supply of money without a Par-
liament;-and being alarmed at the general discontent which
prevailed, he summoned the Lords and Commons, who soon
passed that Bill, known by the name of the TRIENNIAL Act,
which provided that a new Parliament should be called every
three years;—the same, however, to be held annually for the
INTRODUCTION. xli
despatch of business. The divisions between the King and his
Parliament, it is well known, terminated in a civil war; after
which Charles lost his life, and the Commons, ousting the
Lords, seized upon the whole sovereign and legislative autho-
rity ;-thus subverting the constitution of the Government,
but certainly not that of the kingdom, as has been falsely and
foolishly asserted.
On the re-establishment of the Royal Authority in the per-
son of Charles II, the power of the Crown became greatly
increased by the disgusting servility of the Members of the
House of Commons;–as may be seen by the various fulsome
speeches which the Speakers of that day addressed to his
Majesty, whenever they had an opportunity of voting him the
People's money. They thought that as they had beheaded
his father, they could not do less, as the saying is, than “kill
him with kindness.” At length, however, the Commons were
roused at seeing the Lords joining with the King in an attempt
to annex “ the taking and settling of the public accounts”
to the Royal prerogative:–this was too much, and there-
fore met with great and successful opposition.—It was too bad
that those who voted away millions of pounds sterling, should
not be told for what!—Not contented with thus asserting their
rights, as the stewards of the public purse, they voted the
King's Guards to be unconstitutional *, and passed the famous
Habeas Corpus Bill;-for which noble acts we may readily
forgive their previous servility.—The fact is, a king was a
novelty in those days; but they soon found that he was very
expensive, and by no means so god-like as they had supposed.
James II. being expelled from the throne, the Bill of Rights
and the Act of Settlement were passed on the accession of
William and Mary;-both which Acts were declaratory of
* What would they have said to our standing armies?
f
xlii INTRODUCTION.
the ancient Constitution. In the sixth year of this King and
Queen's reign, a very popular TRIENNIAL BILL was passed,
by which, the duration of Parliament was limited to three
years;–the former Act of Charles I. for the same purpose,
having been repealed by the Long Parliament. By this Act,
a Parliament ceased to have a legal evistence, after the ex-
piration of its term ;-reckoning from the return of its first
S21772/2007?.S.
During the first year of the reign of George I., the RIoT
Act was passed and the HABEAs CoRPUs ACT suspended,
for the suppressing of certain disorders consequent on the ac-
cession of the House of Hanover:—at the same time, the
ministry and the House of Commons, thinking it as well to
do something for themselves, whilst they were about this
slashing sort of work, repealed the TRIENNIAL Act, and
(under the pretext of guarding against the designs of the
Papists 1 and to prevent the expense and animosities occa-
sioned by more frequent elections) passed another Bill, which
was to make not only all future Parliaments Septennial, but also
enacted that they, themselves, who had been chosen by their
constituents for three years only, should continue to represent
them (gratis, of course) for SEVEN” ' ' ' Since that period,
* The following extract of a speech delivered by one of the honest Members
of the House of Commons of that period is well deserving of attention.—“He
observed that the right of electing representatives in Parliament was inseparably
inherent in the people of Great Britain, and could never be thought to be de-
legated to the representatives, unless they made the elected the elector, and at
the same time, supposed it the will of the people, that their representatives
should have it in their power to destroy those who made them, whenever a
ministry should think it necessary to screen themselves from their just resent-
ments: that this would be to destroy the fence of all their freedom; for if they
had a right to continue themselves one year, one month, or one day beyond
their triennial term, it will unavoidably follow that they have it in their power
to make themselves perpetual. He further observed, that, to say, ‘the passing
of this bill was not to grasp to themselves the right of election, but only to en-
large the time of calling new Parliaments, was a manifest fallacy, for whenever
INTRODUCTION. xliii
the Septennial Parliaments and their Sovereigns have had
little cause to complain of a want of courtesy on either side;
for, if they have frequently rowed in the same boat against
the stream of public opinion, they have at all events shown the
good sense of avoiding squabbles and brawls with each other.
THE PARLIAMENT OF GREAT BRITAIN.
The kingdom of Scotland, notwithstanding the union of its
Crown with that of England, on the accession of James VI. to
the British throne, continued a separate and distinct power
for above a century afterwards. A union of government
had, however, been long projected ; more especially as there
was a great resemblance between the ancient laws and customs
of both countries *; but it was not till the time of Queen
the three years were expired, they could no longer be said to subsist by the
choice of the people, but by their own appointment.
“For these reasons he thought the bill an open violation of the people's liberties;
or, to speak most mildly of it, a breach of the Members' trust in that part
which would most sensibly affect them; and of that ill tendency in its conse-
quences, that as nothing but the security of the ministry could make it, at that
time, needful, so nothing but a standing force could make it lasting.”
NotwitHSTANDING the remonstrances of thirty Lords who entered their
protests against this bill, “because,” as they observed, “ frequent, and new Par-
liaments are required by the fundamental laws of the Constitution, and that the
bill was, in their opinion, so far from preventing expenses and corruptions, that
it would rather tend to increase them, as the longer a Parliament is to last, the
more valuable a station in it must become, and the greater will be the danger of
corrupting the Members of it;" yet this extraordinary bill, on the question being
put in the House of Lords, was carried in the affirmative by ninety-six votes
against sixty-one
In consequence of this proceeding, various petitions were presented to the
House of Commons from different parts of the kingdom, declaring “that the
people looked upon it, as an attempt to overturn the Constitution.”
The bill, however, passed the Commons by two hundred and sixty-four, against
one hundred and twenty-one, although the public had an undoubted right to
oppose it even by force, both in behalf of themselves and their posterity!
* Sir Edward Coke supposes that the common law (commons' laws) of both
countries was originally the same ; especially as the most ancient and authentic
Scottish law-book, entitled “Regiam Majestatem,” which contained the rules of
their ancient laws, was very similar to that of Glanvil, which contains the prin-
xliv INTRODUCTION.
Anne, that is, in the year 1707, and after the expulsion of the
Stuarts, that the great work of UNIon between the two king-
doms was effected. By the 6th of Queen Anne, chap. 8,
twenty-five Articles of Union were agreed to by the Parliaments
of both nations; the substance of the most important of which
is as follows:–
1st. That on the 1st of May, 1707, and for ever after, the
kingdoms of England and Scotland shall be united into one
kingdom, by the name of Great Britain.
2d. The succession to the British monarchy shall be that
before settled, in regard to that of England.
3d. The United Kingdom shall be represented by one Par-
liament. -
4th. There shall be a communion of all rights and privileges
between the subjects of both kingdoms, except wherever it may
be otherwise agreed.
5th. When England raises two millions of pounds sterling
by a land-tax, Scotland shall raise 48,000l.
16th and 17th. The standards of coins, weights, and measures
in Scotland shall be reduced to those of England.
18th. The laws relating to trade, customs and excise shall
be the same in Scotland as in England; but all the other
laws of Scotland shall remain in force, as at the present time;
though, when considered necessary, they may be altered by
the Parliament of Great Britain, with this proviso, that
no law relating to private rights is to be altered or abro-
gated, but for the evident advantage and use of the people
of Scotland.
ciples of the English Commons' Laws, as they stood in the time of Henry II.
The difference subsisting between the two codes of laws at present, may be
readily accounted for from the diversity of practice in two large and uncom-
municating jurisdictions, and from the acts of two distinct and independent
Parliaments, which have in many respects altered and abrogated the Commons'
laws of both nations.
º
INTRODUCTION. xlv.
22d. Sixteen Peers are to be chosen to represent the Peerage
of Scotland in the United Parliament; and forty-five Members
shall be chosen by the people of Scotland to sit in the House
of Commons”.
23d. The sixteen Peers of Scotland shall have all privi-
leges of Parliament; and all Peers of Scotland shall rank
next after those of the same degree in England, at the time
of the Union, and shall have all privileges of Peers, except
sitting in the House of Lords, and voting on the trial of
a Peer.
By other articles in this Act of Union, the Church of Scot-
land and the four Universities of that kingdom were established
for ever; and each succeeding sovereign must take an oath to
maintain them inviolably.
The state secret of managing a Parliament was never, in any
instance, more palpable than in that of Scotland, at the time of
this Union. The Earl of Glasgow was appointed manager on
the occasion, being the Treasurer-Depute of Scotland. The
Earl of Godolphin, who was at the same time Lord Treasurer
of England, sent, in 1705, upwards of 20,000l. to Scotland,
to be distributed to the best advantage by the Earl of Glasgow;
and, five years afterwards, upon the great change of the mi-
mistry which took place, a Committee of the House of Commons
was appointed to inquire into the expenditure of the public
money: the consequence was that the Earl of Glasgow, being
* The number of Commissioners who sat in the Scottish Parliament was
157; viz. 91 Representatives of Counties, and 66 of Cities and Burghs. The
eldest son of a Scottish Peer cannot (as in England) be elected one of the
forty-five representatives in the House of Commons, because such persons were
incapable of sitting in the Scottish Parliament previously to the Union; but he
may represent any place in England, and no doubt in Ireland; there being no
law to the contrary. The landed qualifications for a candidate for the repre-
sentation, as one of the forty-five, are not, as in England, 600l. per annum for
a knight of the shire, and 300l. for a citizen or burgess; but merely good moral
character and known respectability.
xlvi INTRODUCTION.
examined upon oath, stated that he had distributed the money
sent by the Earl of Godolphin, in the following manner:
To the Duke of Queensberry personally 38. s. d.
and as Lord Commissioner, for equi-
page and daily allowance - . 12,325 0 0
Duke of Atholl . - - - . 1,000 0 0
Marquess of Tweedale - - . 1,000 0 0
Earl of Marchmont . - - . 1,104 15 7
Lord Cesnock, afterwards Polwarth . 500 0 0
Earl of Belcarres - - - - 500 0 0
Earl of Roxburgh - - - - 500 0 0
Earl of Seafield . - - - - 490 () ()
Earl of Cromarty - - - - 300 () ()
Lord Anstruther - - - - 300 () ()
Mr. Stuart, of Castle Stuart - - 300 () ()
Sir William Sharp - - - - 300 () ()
Duke of Montrose - - - - 200 0 0
Earl of Dunmore - - - - 200 0 0
Earl of Kintore - - - - 200 0 0
Lord Ormistoun - - - - 200 0 0
Lord Elphinston - - - - 200 0 0
Mr. John Campbell . - - - 200 0 0
Earl of Glencairne - - - - 100 0 0
Earl of Forfar . - - - - 100 () ()
Lord Frazer - - - - - 100 0 0
Sir Kenneth Mackenzie - - - 100 0 0
John Muir, Provost of Ayr - - 100 0 0
Major Cunningham of Eckatt - - 100 0 0
Lord Forbes - - - - - 50 0 0
Lord Elibank . - - - - 50 0 0
Patrick Coultrain, Provost of Wigton . 25 0 0
Mr. Alexander Wedderburn - - 75 0 0
INTRODUCTION. xlvii
The House ordered the report of the Committee to be
printed, but it never was printed.
It is necessary to observe that there were at that time three
parties in the Scottish Parliament, viz.: the Whigs, who were
for the Union; the Cavaliers, Jacobites, or Tories, who were
against it; and the Squadrone”, or neutrals, who truckled with
both parties in order to sell their services to the highest
bidder. At the head of this party were the Marquess of
Tweedale, the Earls of Marchmont, Roxburgh, &c.—Bishop
Burnet says, in the History of his own Times, “That they
kept themselves very close and united; and when spoken to
by the ministry, they answered coldly. They were between
twenty and thirty in number; and if they had set themselves
against the Union, the design must have miscarried.” How
this party was managed, or rather convinced by the weighty
arguments of the Earl of Glasgow, may be seen above.
THE UNITED PARLIAMENT OF GREAT
BRITAIN AND IRELAND.
Although the laws of England were received and sworn to
by many of the chiefs and people of Ireland, assembled at the
Council of Lismore, in the reign of Henry II., that country
remained a distinct state, having a Parliament of its own, but
dependent on the Crown of Great Britain, until the UNIow,
which was ratified by the British Parliament on the second
of July, 1800. By this Union the interests of both nations
were intended to be assimilated and consolidated, as will be
seen from the following abstract of its principal articles:–
“It is declared,” &c. “ that the kingdoms of Great Britain
and Ireland shall, on the first of January, 1801, and for ever
* From whence, in more modern times, the parliamentary appellation of “Flying
Squadron.”
xlviii INTRODUCTION.
after, be united into one kingdom, by the name of the ‘UNITED
KING Dom of GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND.’
“That there shall be one Parliament, styled the Parliament
of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
“That four Lords Spiritual of Ireland, by rotation of
sessions, and twenty-eight Lords Temporal, elected for life by
the Peers of Ireland, shall sit in the House of Lords; and one
hundred Commoners, representing the Commons of Ireland,
shall sit in the House of Commons.
“That the Churches of England and Ireland shall be united
into one Protestant episcopal Church, to be called the United
Church of England and Ireland.
“That the subjects of both nations shall be entitled to the
same privileges with respect to trade and navigation, and also
in regard to all treaties with foreign powers.
“That the sinking funds and the interest of the public debts
of each country shall be defrayed by each separately.
“That the laws and courts of each kingdom shall remain
the same as they are now established, subject to such alter-
ations by the United Parliament as circumstances may re-
quire,” &c. &c. &c.
It is a very common opinion, having often been asserted in
both high and low places, that the Irish Union, like the Scot-
tish one, was brought about by certain very weighty argu-
ments, advanced by the late Mr. Pitt; and that the Irish
Brigade made a far better thing of it than the Scottish
Squadrone.--To be plain, Fourteen Thousand Pounds ster-
ling, or a Peerage, are said to have been the general plaister
applied to the tender consciences of the Members of the
Irish Parliament on that occasion; but, no doubt, the bribe
(Anglice, compensation) varied according to the wants and
rank of the bribee. Be that as it may, Mr. Pitt also pro-
mised the Irish people generally, “on the honour of a British
INTRODUCTION. xlix
Minister,” that the Catholics should be immediately eman-
cipated from the thraldom under which they groaned; and
we all know how well he kept that promise. He did not
find it so easy to deal with the Members:—they would have
the money first; or at all events they insisted on better security
than his honour.
DURATION OF ENGLISH PARLIAMENTS.
The following table shows the number of Parliaments held
in each reign, from the 27th of Edward I. A.D. 1299, to the
end of the reign of George IV., showing also the respective
length of each reign :-
Number Length of
of Reigns.
Parliaments. Years.
Edward the First (from 1299) .. 8 8
Edward the Second - - . 15 20
Edward the Third - - . 37 53
Richard the Second - - . 26 22
Henry the Fourth . - - , 10 14.
Henry the Fifth - - - . 11 9
Henry the Sixth - - - . 22 39
Edward the Fourth - - 5 22
Richard the Third . - - - 1 Q
Henry the Seventh 8 24.
-
Total . 143 213
Henry the Eighth . - - . 12 38
Edward the Sixth . - - - 4. 6
Mary - - - - - - 5 5
Elizabeth - - - - . 10 44.
James the First - - - - 4. 22
1 INTRODUCTION.
Number Length of
of Reigns.
Parliaments. Years.
Charles the First - - 4. 24.
The Republic - - - - 5 11
Charles the Second . - - - 5 25
James the Second - 3 4.
William the Third and Mary 6 13
Anne 6 12
Total . 207 4.17
George the First 2 13
George the Second . - - - 6 33
George the Third 11 59
George the Fourth 2 1()
Total 228 532
From this table it appears, that in the five hundred and
thirty-two years preceding the reign of King William the
Fourth, there were two hundred and twenty-eight Parlia-
ments, whose average duration was two years and four months;
that in four hundred and seventeen years previously to the
reign of King George the First, there were two hundred and
seven Parliaments, that is, on the average of one every two
years;–and that in two hundred and thirteen years preceding
the reign of Henry the Eighth, there were one hundred and
forty-three Parliaments, averaging rather less than one year
and a half each.
In another and a fairer point of view, we find that the Par-
liaments held during two hundred and thirteen years, from
Edward the First to Henry the Eighth, were one hundred and
forty-three, or one in every year and a half; those from Henry
the Eighth to George the First, a period of two hundred and
INTRODUCTION. li
four years, were sixty-four, or one every three years and two
months; and those from George the First to the accession of
William the Fourth, a period of one hundred and fifteen years,
since the passing of the Septennial Bill, were twenty-one, or
one every five years and six months.
THE SUMMONING OF PARLIAMENT.
The authority for summoning a Parliament is vested in
the KING only :-during his absence from the realm, indeed,
the same may be done by the Custos Regni for the time
being ;—or, during his minority, or mental incapacity (if the
same should unfortunately occur), the Regent, or Protector
Regni, is similarly empowered.—The mode of summons is as
follows:–
Forty days at least before the time when the Parliament is
intended to assemble, the King issues out his Writs “cum
advisamento Consilii sui” (by the advice of his Council);-
the warrant being “Per ipsum Regem et Consilium” (by the
King himself and his Council). These Writs, which are short
letters or epistles, are addressed and sent to each of the Lords
Spiritual and Temporal; the former being commanded “ in
Fide et Dilectione” (in their fidelity and attachment), and the
latter “per Fidem et Allegiantiam" (by their fidelity and
allegiance), to appear at a stated time and place, in order to
give their advice in certain important questions which concern
the welfare or safety of Church and State. Other Writs
are sent to the Sheriffs of each county, commanding them to
summon the people to elect two Knights for each Shire *, two
* Yorkshire sends four; the Welsh and Scottish counties send only one
each.
lii INTRODUCTION.
Citizens for each City, and two Burgesses for each Borough *,
according to Charter, Statute, or Ancient Custom.
Anciently, all the people voted at these Elections, and a
majority of voices decided for the whole assembly; but, in the
reign of Henry VI, it was enacted, that “for avoiding of
tumults and trouble, none should have any suffrage in the
Election of Knights of the Shire, but those who were free-
holders residing in the County, and who had a yearly revenue
of Forty Shillings;”—an income equal to at least 201 of the
present currency.—Copyholders, Leaseholders, and annual
renters, though possessing ever so large a yearly income, were,
by the above Statute, deprived of the elective franchise.—In
cities and towns, also, all the inhabitants formerly voted ; but
the franchise has been so abridged and altered from time to
time, by successive sovereigns, and by the decisions of Parlia-
mentary Committees, that scarcely a vestige of the ancient
right of election remains (See page 444 of the present volume).
The above Statute ordains, that the persons elected for Coun-
ties, shall be Milites Notabiles (Knights of note), or at the
least Esquires, or Gentlemen, fit to be made Knights-Re-
specting the eligibility and further qualifications of persons to
sit and vote in the Commons' House of Parliament, see pages
452 and 456–In order to be enabled to sit, either as a Peer,
or as a Commoner, it is absolutely necessary that a man be of
full age; that is, twenty-one years old at the least.
That the Members of both Houses may be enabled to attend
to the public service of their country, without let or hindrance,
they were formerly privileged, with their servants and retinues,
* Some boroughs send only one Burgess, as Abingdon, and Higham Ferrers.
In Ireland, no town sends more than one, except Dublin and Cork. In Wales,
several Boroughs clubbed together, send only one for each District. In Scot-
land, it is the same; with the exception of Edinburgh, which is so highly
favoured as to be allowed half the representation of the hillock of Old Sarum,
in Wiltshire, or one moiety of the corn-field of Newtown, in the Isle of Wight.
INTRODUCTION. liii
as well as their necessary goods and furniture, from all Impri-
sonments and Attachments for debts, trespasses, accounts, or
covenants, “all the time that they were on their way to the
place of Parliament, all the time of the Session, and all the
time that they were on their way home again *;” but they
never were privileged from arrest for treason, felony, or breach
of the peace. These privileges, as regards the Commons, were
slightly modified, and more clearly defined, by the 12th of
William III, cap. 3, and by the 10th of George III. cap. 50.
The persons of Peers are still sacred from arrest and outlawry,
whether the Parliament be sitting or not; but their property
is liable to sale and sequestration by the decree of a court of
law or equity (See pages 42 and 463).
The place of meeting of this High and Honourable Assembly
may be in whatsoever city, town, or house, it shall be the
King's pleasure to appoint. Latterly, the Parliaments have
been held (with the exception of one in the reign of Charles I.
at Oxford) in the King's ancient palace at Westminster;-
the Lords sitting in a vast and commodious apartment, by
themselves; and the Commons in a contiguous chamber, which
was heretofore the chapel of the Palace, and dedicated to
St. Stephen F.

THE LORDS SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL.
The LoRDs SPIRITUAL, as a constituent part of the Upper
House of Parliament, are the two Archbishops and twenty-
* The old words are “Eundo, Morando, ad propria Redeundo.”
+ This chapel was built by King Stephen, and dedicated to his namesake,
the proto-martyr. It was beautifully rebuilt by Edward III in 1847, and by
him made a collegiate church; and a dean and twelve secular priests were
appointed to it. Soon after its surrender to Edward VI, it was applied to its
present use.
liv INTRODUCTION.
four Bishops of England *, and four representative Prelates
for Ireland +.
The right by which the English Bishops sit in the Upper
House arises from their holding certain baronies under the
King. The same may be said of the Irish Bishops; but by
the Articles of the Union between Ireland and England, the
whole body are represented by four, who sit in the House of
Peers by rotation f. The Bishops are not, strictly speaking,
Peers of the Realm, but only Lords of Parliament. (See
Standing Order 44, Page 55.) But although they are distinct
from the Lords Temporal, they do not vote separately. They
are indeed in Acts of Parliament usually distinguished; yet in
practice they are blended together under the name of “THE
LoRDs.” They mingle in their votes, and the majority of such
intermixture binds both estates:–so that notwithstanding that
the ancient distinction still continues, the Lords Spiritual and
Temporal form but one estate; and a bill would undoubtedly
be valid which should pass the House, although every bishop
were to vote against it . Respecting the validity of a bill that
* The Bishop of Sodor and Man has no seat in the House of Peers, as a
legislator. See pages 21 and 22.
# Formerly there were twenty-six mitred abbots and two priors in the House
of Lords; but they were removed from their seats at the dissolution of the
Monasteries, by Henry VIII.
# Before the Conquest, the Bishops, under the Saxon government, held
their lands by the spiritual tenure of “frankalmoigne,” or free alms; but in 1072,
William the Norman, in order to subject the estates of the Clergy to all civil
charges and assessments, changed the frankalmoigne into the feudal tenure of
barony.
| There are many instances of this; but it will be sufficient merely to men-
tion the Act of Uniformity of I Elizabeth, c. 2, which was carried, although
all the Bishops dissented; and hence the bill runs thus—“Be it enacted by the
Queen's Highness, with the assent of the Lords and Commons in this present
Parliament assembled, &c.”
In 1642, during the violence of party dissensions, the Bishops were excluded
from Parliament by the multitude; who flocked towards Westminster and in-
INTRODUCTION. -lv
should pass from the Bishops making the majority, whilst every
temporal peer present dissented, there is some doubt; there
being no precedent for, or against, such a proposition.
The Lords TEMPor AL consist of all the Peers of the realm,
by whatever titles of mobility they may be distinguished;
whether as Dukes, Marquesses, Earls, Viscounts, or Barons.
The number of Lords Temporal is indefinite, and may be
increased at the pleasure of the Crown. Some of them, viz.
the ancient mobility, sit in the House by descent: some by
creation, as do all new-made peers: others by election, as do
the sixteen representative peers chosen for Scotland, who hold
their seats only during the term of each parliament; and the
twenty-eight representative peers for Ireland, who are elected
for life.
The prerogative which the King enjoys of increasing the
peerage at his pleasure, is generally made use of, for the pur-
pose of rewarding such as are eminent for their services to the
public; but there are too many instances on record of its ap-
plication to the ends of favouritism; and not a few to the
unworthy one of ensuring votes in the Upper House, for the
carrying of an obnoxious and oppressive measure.
MANNER OF SITTING IN THE LORDS' HOUSE.
Whenever the King is present in Parliament, he sits at the
upper end of the House of Lords, in a throne, or chair of
state; having a crimson velvet canopy, or cloth of state, over
his head: on his right hand (if he have children or brothers
sulted them. They consequently drew up an address to the King and to the
House of Lords, stating their undoubted right to sit and vote in parliament;
and protesting against all laws, votes, and resolutions as null and invalid, which
should pass during their constrained absence. The Lords held a conference
with the Commons on the subject; the issue of which was, the impeachment
of the twelve Bishops who signed the protest
lvi INTRODUCTION.
so entitled) sits the Prince of Wales; on his left, the Duke
of York;-both under the same canopy.
Farther off, on the right hand, and somewhat in advance,
are placed, on a form, the King's Vicar General (if such an
office be in existence), and the Archbishops of Canterbury and
York. Below these, on another form, are seated the Bishops
of London, Durham, and Winchester; then, the rest of the
Bishops, according to their priority of consecration.
On the King's left hand, upon forms, are seated the Lord
Chancellor, or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal, the Lord Trea-
surer (when such office is not in commission), the Lord Pre-
sident of the King's Privy Council, and the Lord Privy Seal:
—although only Barons, these sit above all Dukes, except those
of the Royal Family. On the same side sit the Dukes, Mar-
quesses, and Earls, according to the dates of their creation.
On the first form, across the House, below the Woolsacks,
sit the Wiscounts; and upon the next, the Barons;–all in the
order of their creation.
The Lord Great Chamberlain of England, the Lord High
Constable, the Earl Marshal, the Lord High Admiral (when
such office is not in commission), the Lord Steward of the
King's Household, the Lord Chamberlain, and the principal
Secretaries of State, if peers, sit above all others of the same
rank of nobility with themselves; and if any of them be Bishops,
above all Bishops not invested with any of the said offices.
The Lord Chancellor, or Lord Keeper of the Great Seal,
when the King is not present, sits on the first woolsack, in
front of the throne; his Great Seal and Mace being placed
before him. This is his place as Speaker of the House of
Lords; but whenever the House is formed into a Committee;
or whenever the Chancellor is desirous of speaking on any
question, he takes his seat among his Peers according to his
proper rank of nobility.

INTRODUCTION. , lvii
Upon other woolsacks, sit the Judges, the King's Council-
at-Law, and the Masters in Chancery: these, not being Barons,
have no suffrage in Parliament: they sit in the House of Peers,
merely to give their advice when the same is required *.
The Clerk of the Crown, who is charged with all Parlia-
mentary Writs and Royal Pardons; and the Clerk of the Par-
liaments, whose duty it is to record all things done in Parlia-
ment, and to keep the Records of the same; sit on a form
behind the table, which is placed in advance of the woolsacks.
Without the Bar, sits the King's first Gentleman-Usher (called
the Black-Rod, from a black staff which he carries in his hand),
under whom is a Yeoman-Usher, who waits at the door within.
There is a Crier without, and a Sergeant-at-Mace always at-
tending the Lord Chancellor.
When the King is present with the Crown on his head, the
Lords are dressed in their robes, but none of them are covered.
The Judges stand till the King gives them leave to sit.
When the King is absent, the Lords at their entrance do
reverence to the Throne or Chair of State. On such occasions,
the Judges may sit, but may not be covered, till the Chan-
cellor, or Lord Keeper, signify to them the leave of the Lords.
The King's Council, and Masters in Chancery, sit also, but
they are never covered.
MANNER OF SITTING IN THE COMMONS"
HOUSE.
The Commons sit in their House promiscuously: the
Speaker has a chair, or seat, fixed at the upper end; and
the Clerk, with his assistants, sit near him at the table, just
* It is said that the reason why these sages are placed upon woolsacks, is to
remind them of the great importance of the staple commodity of wool to the
British nation.
h
lviii INTRODUCTION.
below the chair. The Members of the House of Commons
never had any robes, except the Speaker and Clerks, who
always, in the House, wear gowns, as professors of the law do
in term-time; also, the four Members for the City of London,
who on the first day of every new Parliament wear scarlet
gowns, and sit all together on the right hand of the chair,
next to the Speaker. Each Member, as he enters the House,
makes his obeisance to the Speaker, by raising his hat; which
he immediately replaces, however, as he goes to his seat.
Previously to debates upon great public questions, it is
customary for the Members to take their places at an early
hour in the afternoon; this is done by writing their names
upon a piece of paper, and wafering it upon the back of the
seat which they are desirous of securing. Such an intimation
is generally respected *. His Majesty's Ministers and the
leaders of Opposition are alone exempt, by courtesy, from this
* In some cases we have observed, and that recently, that the usual courtesy
in regard to seats is waived, particularly when a debate is expected to be inte-
resting: the mode, then, is, “first come, first served.”—On Monday, July 9,
1831; Mr. Hume, Member for Middlesex, complained that Colonel Lindsay,
M. P. for — had seized on his seat. “He came down at ten o'clock in
the morning,” he said, “to affix his name to his place, and to his surprise found
it, and at least two hundred more, already engaged . If Members could engage
seats at seven in the morning, he saw no reason why they might not at three in
the morning —he generally left the House among the last, and he should affix
his name in future before he went home.”—On hearing this complaint, the Speaker
laid down this rule, which is entirely one of courtesy—“Seats were only taken
by Members being present in them at prayers, but the affixing of names in the
seats previous to prayers, was a sort of intimation that those who did so would be
present at prayers; and therefore such seats, as a matter of courtesy, ought not
to be interfered with. The House was not open for any business whatever,
except for cleaning, previous to the hour to which it was adjourned every
morning. Mr. Hume must see that it was impossible, except by general
consent, to prevent differences on a matter of the kind, and that there would be
no use in laying down a rule on the subject, unless there was a common dispo-
sition to accommodate each other. He repeated, that it was only by being
present at prayers that honourable gentlemen could secure a right to seats; but
that right was lost if there should be a division, or if the House should go up
to the House of Lords.”
INTRODUCTION. lix
ceremony: they sit on the front benches, next the table; the
Ministers on the Speaker's right hand, and the Opposition on
the left. The favourers of each party, generally, sit on the
benches behind their respective leaders: this is always the case
when questions of moment are to be discussed; both sides
being anxious to display the collective strength of their par-
tizans.
The time of sitting in Parliament was, formerly, upon any
day in the morning. On Sundays and some high festivals,
or fast-days, it is not usual to assemble, except on the most
urgent occasions.—The Speaker always adjourns the House
to nine of the clock in the morning of such day as the House
may agree to adjourn to ; but the Members never meet until
three in the afternoon; and important business is seldom com-
menced until about five:–the consequence is that the debates
are seldom concluded before two or three o'clock, next morn-
ing; and oftentimes, they are so late as five and six *.
* By the following old Standing Orders of the House of Commons, it will
be seen how tenacious our ancestors were in preserving the dignity and decorum
of Parliament, as well as in enforcing an early and regular attendance of Mem-
bers : —
1614, May 17. –Ordered, That this House shall sit every day at seven o'clock
in the morning, and enter into the great business at eight o'clock; and no new
motion to be made after twelve. -
Ordered, That whosoever standeth in the entry of the House pay one shil-
ling presently to the serjeant.
1641.-Ordered, That all the Members who shall come to the House after
eight o'clock, shall pay one shilling; and that if any Member shall forbear to
come for the whole day, he shall pay five shillings, to be disposed of as this
House shall think fit; and the serjeant is to gather in the money.
1642. –Ordered, That whoever shall not be at prayers every morning, shall
pay one shilling to the poor; a box to be prepared and set up at the door for
this purpose, and the burgesses of Westminster are to take care that the money
be duly paid.
1647.-Ordered, That so soon as the clock strikes twelve, Mr. Speaker do
go out of the chair, and the House shall rise; and that in going forth, no Member
shall stir until Mr. Speaker do go before, and then all the rest shall follow.
Whosoever goeth out of the House before Mr. Speaker shall forfeit ten shil-
lings; but that the reporters may go first.
lx INTRODUCTION.
OATHS OF ALLEGIANCE, &c.
On the first day of the meeting of every new Parliament,
and before any public affairs are meddled with ; even before
the choice of a Speaker; the Lord Steward of His Majesty's
Household administers the necessary oaths to the Members
present, in the room called the Court of Wards; and there
executes a commission empowering certain Members specified
in it to administer the same oaths to others.-After the choice
of a Speaker, the Commons take the oaths again at the table
of their own House; and any person sitting and voting with-
out having taken them, is liable to a fine of 500l. for each
offence.
The Peers, also, are obliged to take the oaths, before they
can sit in their House, or debate on any subject whatever.—
Any Peer voting without taking them at the commencement
of each new Parliament, is liable to the forfeiture of all his
property: two instances of such heavy infliction are recorded
in the Journals. -
Ordered, That when any stranger is in the House, no Member to stir out of
his place, or to speak unto another; and if any Member shall whisper or cross
the House, or read any printed book in the House, he shall pay one shilling
into the poors' box.
1692 —That no Member do accept of any entertainment at any public-house,
for the carrying on any matter under the consideration of the House, and that
the offer of any money or gratuity to any Member for matters transacted in the
House, shall be deemed a high crime and misdemeanour.
Ordered, That no Member ought to receive or give any visit to any foreign
agent or ambassador, without the leave and consent of the House.
Ordered, That no Member have leave to go into the country, without limiting
a time when he is to return.
1693. –Ordered, That no member of the Long Robe do presume to plead
any cause at the bar of the House of Lords without leave.
1593. –Ordered, That no Member of the House do presume to smoke tobacco
in the gallery; or at the table of the House, sitting as committees.
INTRODUCTION. lxi
THE FIRST MEETING OF PARLIAMENT, AND
CHOICE OF A SPEAKER BY THE COMMONS.
On the day stated in the Writ of Summons, the King comes
in his state coach, and attended by his officers and guards to
meet the Members of both Houses; and on his arrival at the
Lords' House, as well as on his departure therefrom, Royal
Salutes of twenty-one guns, each, are fired.—On his Majesty's
entrance he proceeds to the Prince's Chamber, where he puts
on his crown and robes; and is from thence conducted into
the House of Lords by the Lord High Chamberlain. Having
taken his seat on the Throne, and returned the obeisance of
the Prelates and Peers who stand in their respective places, in
their robes of state and office, he sends for the Commons, by
the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod.
That officer immediately proceeds to the Lower House; and
when arrived at the Bar, makes a bow to the Members: then,
advancing a few steps further, he repeats his obeisance a second
and a third time, saying, “Gentlemen of the House of Com-
mons, the King commands this Honourable House to attend
him immediately in the House of Peers.” He then withdraws,
retiring backwards, and bowing.
The Commons forthwith attend his Majesty by proceeding
to the Bar of the House of Lords, in a body; and having
made their obeisance, are there, in the King's name, commanded
by the Lord Chancellor, or Lord Keeper, to choose a Speaker
for their House; who shall not only be their Chairman and
the regulator of their proceedings during their sittings, but
also the mouth-piece or channel of communication between
them and the other branches of the Legislature, during the
existence of that Parliament".--Whereupon, the Commons,
* See page 845 of this volume.
lxii INTRODUCTION.
returning to their House, make choice of one of their own
Members, in manner as follows:–
At the commencement of every new Parliament, or on the
death or resignation of the old Speaker, the Mace, which
usually lies upon, is placed under, the table of the Commons'
House; when, any member standing up in his place, and
making a short introductory speech, may move, that such a
member as he then names, may take the Chair: and being
seconded in that motion by some other member, if no contest
arise, the mover and seconder lead the person so named, from
his seat, to the Bar of the House. From thence they conduct
him, bowing thrice, up to the Chair; where being placed, he
stands up and returns thanks to the House for the honour they
have done him ; –at the same time modestly acknowledging his
inability to perform such a trust, and requesting that the House
would make choice of some more able person to be their Speaker.
This being, of course, disapproved, he submits to their plea-
sure; and, after receiving the directions of the House, respect-
ing the usual requests to be made on his appearance before the
King, he adjourns to the day appointed for that purpose. But,
if a contest should arise respecting the choice of a Speaker,
and some other member be moved for, and the motion be
seconded as before, the choice is determined by a Question, as
in a Committee of the whole House, by changing sides ;—the
Clerk of the House of Commons being the person whose duty
it is, on such occasions, to put the Question.
On the day appointed for the Speaker's presentation to the
King, the Usher of the Black Rod is again sent for the Com-
mons; that officer enters the House with the same ceremonies
as before; but he now alters his style, and addresses himself to
the SPEAKER, The Commons, then, proceeding as before to
the Bar of the House of Lords, with their Speaker at their
head (the whole House being presumed to be present), make
INTRODUCTION. lxiii
their obeisance to his Majesty and to the Lords; after which,
the Speaker addresses a speech to the King, begging him to
command the Commons to make a “fitter choice;”—(as may
be seen in page 814 of this volume.)—If, however, the choice
of the Commons be approved of by his Majesty, the Lord
Chancellor replies, saying, that “the King does not allow of a
refusal,” but confirms their choice, “by admitting him for
Speaker.”
The Speaker then petitions his Majesty “that the Com-
mons may have, during the sitting, &c. of Parliament,<
First, Freedom from arrests and disturbances;–Secondly,
Freedom of speech in their own House;—Thirdly, Free
access to his Majesty;-and Fourthly, That all their pro-
ceedings may receive a favourable construction”—(See page
815.) These petitions being granted by his Majesty, through
the Lord Chancellor, the King makes his Speech to both
Houses; in which he informs them of the present state of the
nation's affairs at home and abroad; and of his friendly re-
lations with foreign governments: he then urges upon them
whatever matters may be deemed objects of legislation during
the present session; and concludes by drawing the attention
of his “faithful Commons” to the revenue, and to the granting
of the necessary supplies. His Majesty then withdraws, and
the Commons retire to their own Chamber.—Some one, now,
in each House, moves an Address in answer to, and approval
of, the Royal Speech. Such motions are invariably seconded
and carried; although an amendment is generally offered by
some Member in opposition to the existing ministry.
NUMBER OF MEMBERS REQUISITE FOR THE
DESPATCH OF BUSINESS,
The Commons cannot proceed to business unless there be
forty Members present; that number being requisite to make
lxiv INTRODUCTION.
a House *. To ensure a full attendance, on particular
occasions, the House is, on the motion of any member, fre-
quently ordered to be called over, on a certain day. The
absence of Members, at such a time, is excused only by sick-
ness or urgent business-Eight Members are sufficient to form
a Committee.
Two Peers, and a Prelate (including the Speaker, if a Peer),
are sufficient to constitute a House of Lords; but it often
happens that an order is also made for the Lords to be sum-
moned, when any particular matter is to be brought forward+.
WACATION OF SEATS, &c.
The office or trust of a Member of Parliament cannot be re-
signed; and every Member is compelled to discharge the duties
of it, unless he can show such cause as the House, in its dis-
cretion, shall think a sufficient excuse for his non-attendance.
* It is alleged by several writers that the cause for fixing upon this number
was that, previously to the Parliamentary annexation of the twelve Welsh coun-
ties to those of England, the forty Members, so present, were presumed to be,
one from each county.
+ Some writers say, that the number three was adopted to constitute a House
of Peers, on the presumption that one Spiritual, and one Temporal, Lord are
there present, besides the King's Commissioner:—others are of opinion, that
an Earl, a Bishop, and a Baron constitute the supposed trio.
# It is well known that, at general elections, many gentlemen are chosen to
serve in Parliament, although they may not happen to be present in the town
or place which they are to represent, either before or at the time of the said
election. The electors of the University of Oxford regard the presence and
personal solicitations of a candidate as injurious, by their influence, to the free
expression of their will; and therefore insist that neither of the candidates
shall be within a certain number of miles of that city, whilst the canvass and
election are going forward.—Nay, so far is it from being necessary to be even
a candidate for any county, city, or town, in order to be chosen a Member of
Parliament, that any person may be elected and returned without his knowledge
or consent. This is proved by a circumstance which happened at an election
for Gloucestershire, as reported by Glanville. The Committee and the House
determined, April 9th, 1624, that Sir Thomas Estcourt, having a majority of
votes on the poll, was duly elected and returned, although he had declared at the
election, that he desired not to be chosen.
INTRODUCTION. lxy
If the House be not satisfied with the excuse which any Member
assigns for not attending when it is called over, he is ordered
into the custody of the Serjeant-at-Arms:–a proceeding which
is attended with an expense to the party, of 81. or 10l. per day.
On the motion of some friend, however, the House usually
orders him to be released from custody, on his making the
necessary concession, and by the payment of the usual fees”.
The only mode by which a Member, who wishes to retire
from Parliament, can vacate his seat, is to accept an office
under the Crown; and in case nothing better offers, it is now
usual to grant the office of Steward of the Chiltern Hun-
dreds, &c. to any person who asks for it, in order to enable
him to do so in a formal manner; either for the purpose of
being re-elected;—of making room for another person;–or of
retiring altogether.
The Chiltern Hundreds in Buckinghamshire, and the
Manor of East Hendred, in Berkshire, are districts belong-
ing to the Crown, which from time immemorial have had
officers attached to them, with the title of “Stewards,” who
are appointed by the Chancellor of the Exchequer. It is
remarkable that these Stewards derive neither honour, nor
profit, from their appointments, except a salary of twenty
shillings a year; so that in fact their offices are now merely
nominal:—still, by general consent, they serve the purposes
for which they are bestowed:#.
* On Wednesday, March 17, 1831, three Members were ordered into custody,
for not answering to their names when they were called:—two of them (Messrs.
Maberly, and S. L. Stephens) being Burgesses, had to pay fees of eight guineas,
each, before they were discharged; the third (Lord F. L. Gower) being a
Knight of the Shire, paid ten guineas.-Still, any Member, on application
after the business of the House is over, may obtain leave of absence for a given
time. In the above year, leave of absence for three weeks was granted to Lord
Milton, though no cause was assigned.
+ Having been duly elected, a Member can neither vacate, nor be removed
from, his seat, during the continuance of the same Parliament, unless by a vote
of expulsion, or by some legal qualification. The acceptance of any office of
1

lxvi INTRODUCTION.
APPOINTMENT OF COMMITTEES, &c.
At the commencement of each session, the Standing Orders
of the Commons are read, and the Committees of Elections
and Privileges are appointed to sit on certain days. These,
not being Committees of the whole House, are first called in
the Speaker's Chamber, and them adjourned into the House,
because they are, usually, very numerous;—every Member
having a vote therein, though not named of the Committee.
There must be, at the least, eight Members present to empower
the Committee to act.—In the same manner, the Committee
of Privileges is appointed in the House of Peers.
The general business of each House usually commences with
the reading of some Bill, which had been unperfected at the
termination of the previous session; and the business of the
day is always preceded by prayers; which are read to the
Lords by the junior Bishop; and by the Chaplain, to the
Commons, in the Lower House.
PRACTICE OF ELECTION COMMITTEES.
The method which the House of Commons takes, when an
Election petition is presented to it, is regulated by the statute
called “Grenville's Act,” which directs the way by which a
Select Committee shall be appointed to try the merits of a dis-
profit under the Crown, however, as above stated, which has been in existence
prior to the year 1705, does disqualify; and thereby a Member vacates his seat,
and cannot again sit and vote in Parliament, unless he be re-elected.—It was
about the year 1750, that the practice began of granting the above Stewardships;
which are now, by courtesy, and of course, obtained by all applicants, although
there have been instances wherein they have been refused.—Hatswell observes
that this practice has been now so long acquiesced in, from its convenience to
all parties, that it would be ridiculous to state any doubt about its legality;
otherwise, he believes, it would be found very difficult, from the form of these
appointments, to show that they are offices of profit under the Crown,
INTRODUCTION. lxvii
puted Election; and how the Members composing it shall
proceed in their examination of witnesses, and in deliberating
on the case”. The whole of the Committee, consisting of
fifteen Members, take a solemn oath in the House, that they
will give a true judgment according to the evidence, and every
question is determined by a majority. If the Committee re-
port that the petition, or the defence, be frivolous, or vexatious,
the party aggrieved shall recover costs.
MANNER OF WOTING AND SPEAKING ON
QUESTIONS.
In the Lords' House, the Peers give their votes, or suf-
frages, by beginning with the lowest Baron ; and so on with the
rest, seriatim, until all have expressed their opinions; each one
answering apart, “Content,” or “ Not Content.” If the affirm-
atives and negatives should happen to be equal in number, the
question is invariably presumed to be in the negative (semper
praesumitur pro negante), and the Not Contents have the effect
of an absolute majority.
In the House of Commons, the members vote by “Ayes”
and “Noes,” altogether: but if it be doubtful which is the
greater number, the House divides. If the question be whe-
ther any Bill, Petition, &c. is to be brought into the House,
then the “Ayes,” or approvers of the same, go out; but, if it
be upon any thing which the House is once possessed of, the
“Noes” go out. Upon all questions where the House divides,
* Previously to the passing of this Act, the decisions of the Committees
appointed to try the validity of Elections, were crude, contradictory, and
ruinously expensive to both petitioners and defendants;–owing to the difficulty
of ascertaining in whom was vested the right of voting for the Members for
Boroughs and Corporate Towns. By this Act it was ordained, that the last
decision for each place, by the Committee who had examined it, as inserted in
the Journals, should be the precedent by which all future Committees were to
decide the right of Election.


lxiii INTRODUCTION.
the Speaker appoints four tellers, two of each opinion; who,
after they have told or numbered those within, place themselves
in the passage between the Bar and the door, in order to tell
those who went out; who, till then, are not permitted to re-
enter the House. This being done, the two tellers who have
the majority take the right hand, and all four placing them-
selves within the Bar, make three reverences as they advance
towards the table; where they deliver the written numbers,
saying, “ The Ayes that went out are so many: the Noes
who remained are so many:"—and vice versa, as it may happen.
This the Speaker repeats, declaring the majority.
In a Committee of the whole House, the way of dividing is
by changing sides; the Ayes taking the right, and the Noes
the left, hand, of the Speaker's chair. On such occasions there
are but two tellers.
In each House the act of the majority binds the whole.
This majority is openly declared, and the votes, with the names
of their authors attached, are generally published in the news-
papers;–so that the people at large are well enabled to judge
of the conduct of their legislators and representatives. This
notoriety doubtless produces a very beneficial effect in pre-
serving the integrity of the Members of both Houses.—It is
true that when the House of Commons is about to divide, the
Speaker orders the Gallery to be cleared, and all strangers
are compelled to withdraw, that the Members may be free
from popular influence in giving their votes. But, as tellers
are appointed to count the votes on each side, there can be no
collusion or deception in the decision of any question; at the
same time, this method is attended with sufficient publicity
for every constitutional purpose. Indeed, it has ever been held
the law, rule, and usage of the House of Commons, that all
strangers are there only by sufferance; consequently, when-
ever a Member gives notice to the Speaker that he perceives a
INTRODUCTION. lxix
stranger or strangers, it is the invariable custom of the latter to
order them to withdraw; otherwise the Serjeant-at-Arms will
take them into custody, and so enforce the Standing Orders of
the House for their exclusion.
The publication of the speeches and votes delivered in Par-
liament is a modern practice, and certainly a breach of the
privileges of the Members; consequently it may at any time
be prohibited by the enforcement of the Standing Orders of
either House. (See note to page 629 of this volume.)
In the House of Commons the Speaker never speaks to any
question, except the House be in a Committee; nor does he
even vote, unless the number of votes on both sides of the
House be equal; when his casting vote decides the majority.
In the Lords', if the Chancellor be desirous of giving his
opinion, he must leave the woolsack, and go to his place
among that rank of nobility to which he belongs. If he be
not a Peer, he may neither speak to the question, nor vote
upon it; but if a Peer, he has a vote on every question.
The Speaker of the Commons is prohibited, by the rules of
that House, from persuading or dissuading the Members in
the passing of any Bill: his duty is merely to make a plain
and short narrative of its objects. -
When any Member of the House of Commons is desirous
of speaking on a Bill before the House, he stands up in his
place, uncovered, and directs his speech to the Speaker. In
the House of Peers, on the contrary, the orator addresses
himself to the Lords generally, only. In either case he may
remain on his legs for an indefinite length of time; using
whatever arguments, and entering into as many details, as he
pleases; but, having once sat down, he is not permitted,
unless personally reflected on, to speak again on the same day,
to the same matter; or on the same reading of the same Bill,
even although his arguments be confuted by another Member:
lxx INTRODUCTION.
but, if the whole House should be turned into a Committee on
any business, then any Member may reply as often as he
pleases, or as the Chairman of the said Committee may judge
expedient.
If it happen that any Member of either House should utter
words offensive to the King's Majesty, or to the House itself,
he is immediately called to the Bar: in the House of Commons
he sometimes, on his knees, receives a reprimand from the
Speaker, and is obliged to apologize: if the offence be great,
he may, by the speaker's warrant, be sent to the Tower, or
even to Newgate.—When a Member, during the heat of
debate, happens to be betrayed into intemperate language
towards another member, he is merely called to “order” by
the Speaker; and this call has generally the desired effect of
quelling all animosity between the parties; but if, as some-
times has happened, any thing should be uttered, amounting
to a challenge to settle the dispute “out of doors,” the Speaker
invariably insists upon a pledge from both, “upon their
honour,” that there shall be no fight, and generally succeeds
in making them shake hands; otherwise, he has it in his power
to commit the would-be combatants to the safe keeping of
the Serjeant-at-Arms, and to bind the mover to keep the
peace. If any Member, notwithstanding the call to “order,”
persist in being disorderly, it is customary for the Speaker to
“name him ;” by which indication, he is sure to incur the dis-
pleasure and censure of the House *.—For further particulars
* There is a curious anecdote of Mr. Speaker Onslow, which those who
ridiculed his strict observance of the forms of the House, because he, himself,
was not always aware of their origin or authority, were fond of telling.—
Whenever it happened that a Member turned a deaf ear to this Speaker's call
of “Order,” he was accustomed thus to threaten him :—“Sir, Sir, I must name
you!—Order, Sir Order!—Sit down this instant, Sir, or I shall be compelled
to name you, Sir!”—But, as there was no instance within the memory of the
House in which this awful threat had ever been put into execution, a Member
took the liberty one day of asking the Right Honourable Gentleman, “What
INTRODUCTION. lxxi
regarding the order of Debate among the Lords, see the Stand-
ing Orders of the House of Peers, generally, page 45, &c.
PETITIONS AND MOTIONS TO BRING IN BILLS.
To bring a Bill into the House of Commons, if the relief
sought by it be of a private nature, it is necessary to prefer a Pe-
tition; which is presented by a Member, and usually sets forth
the grievance desired to be removed, or the object desired to
be attained. And if the Petition be founded on facts that may
in their nature be disputed, it is then referred to a Committee
of Members, who examine the matter alleged, and report their
opinion of the same to the House; and then (or otherwise,
upon the mere petition), leave is given to bring in the Bill.
With respect to Public Bills, they are introduced by way of
Motion to the House, without any petition; and it is usual,
first of all, for a Member to give notice of his future intention
to move for leave to bring in the Bill.
THE PROGRESS OF BILLS THEROUGH BOTH
HOUSES.
A Bill in Parliament is a rough draught or skeleton of an
Act of Parliament, drawn out on paper, with blanks or void
spaces, in which are afterwards inserted dates, penalties, and
any alterations agreed upon in its progress through the House.
would be the consequence, if he were to name any gentleman in that House?”
At this unexpected question the Speaker reddened, looked exceeding grave,
and fidgeted about in his chair: at length, shaking the powder out of his wig,
he replied, “The Lord in Heaven knows, Sir!—I am sure I don't.”—From
this singular answer, which excited great laughter at the time, it was generally
inferred that “naming a Member” was merely an eccentric threat of his own
to induce obedience; but which could be attended by no consequences to the
offender, good or bad: by reference, however, to the Journals of the 5th of
May, 1641, and of the 22d of Jan., 1693, it will be found that censure is the
punishment awarded by the Standing Orders, on all those who are thus pointed
out to the notice of the House,
lxxii INTRODUCTION.
Formerly, all Bills were drawn in the form of petitions, which
were entered upon the Parliament Rolls, with the King's
answer or assent subjoined,—not in any settled form of words,
but as circumstances required; and at the end of each Parlia-
ment the Judges drew them into the form of statutes, which
were entered on the Statute Rolls. This imperfect mode of
legislation left the laws greatly at the mercy of the Crown;
accordingly, it was discovered that they were sometimes altered,
and that others were added, of which the Lords and Commons
knew nothing, until they were promulgated by the Sheriffs at
the County Courts, to instruct and warn the people ! But, in
the reign of Henry V., to prevent further mistakes and abuses,
the statutes were ordered to be drawn up by the Judges
before the breaking up of the Parliament; and in the reign
of Henry VI., Bills in the form of Acts, according to the
modern custom, were introduced. It was not till the reign of
Richard III. that the statutes were drawn up in the English
language: prior to that time they were either in Latin or in
Norman French; generally the latter”.
The manner of debates on, and the passing of, Bills and
Acts, is as follows:— -
Any Lord or Member of Parliament may move for a Bill
to be brought in; which being agreed to by the House, the
person making the motion, together with some others who
second it, are ordered to prepare and bring in the same. When
ready, some one of the members so ordered, after notice given,
presents the Bill;-reading the order at the side-bar of the
House, and desiring leave to bring the Bill to the table. On
the question being agreed to, it has a first reading by the Clerk
* By an arbitrary mandate of William the Conqueror, all pleadings and argu-
ments in courts of justice were directed to be in Norman French: the writs, records,
and judgments, however, were continued in Latin, as they had been from the earliest
times. It was not till the passing of the statutes 4, 5, and 6 of George II. that all
proceedings in courts of justice were directed to be in the English language.
INTRODUCTION. lxxiii
at the Table; after whom, the Speaker, taking the Bill in his
hand, reads the abbreviate or abstract of it. This done, after
debate upon the Bill, if any take place, he puts the question,
“whether it shall have a second reading * and sometimes,
upon motion, appoints a day for it. When the Bill is read a
second time, the question is, whether it shall be committed;
which is either to a Committee of the whole House, if the Bill
be of importance; or, otherwise, to a private Committee:—
any member, at pleasure, naming the persons to be of that
Committee. These names being read by the Clerk at the
Table, it is ordered, that they meet in the Speaker's chamber,
and report their opinion to the House. The Committee meet-
ing accordingly, choose their chairman, and either adjourn to
some other time, or then proceed upon the Bill. When they
do proceed, the chairman first causes a clerk attending the
Committee to read the Bill: he then takes the Bill himself, and
reads it paragraph by paragraph; putting every clause thereof
to the question, filling up the blanks, and making amendments
according to the opinion of the majority of the Committee, of
whom there must be eight of the persons named, regularly to
proceed; though five may adjourn. When the Committee
have gone through the Bill, the chairman, by direction of
the Committee, makes his report at the side-bar of the House;
reading all the alterations made by the Committee, and how
any of these amendments have changed the scope of the Bill,
or what connexion they have therewith:—the clerk having, in
the Committee, written down in what folio and line of the Bill
those amendments are to be found. If any clauses have been
thought fit to be added by the Committee, they are marked
alphabetically, read by the chairman, and delivered to the
clerk, who reads all the amendments and clauses; the Speaker
putting the question, whether they shall be read a second time;
and if agreed to, he reads them himself;-that is, as many
k
lxxiv. INTRODUCTION.
of them as the House agrees to. The question is then put,
whether the Bill so amended shall be engrossed;—that is to
say, written fairly on parchment, and read a third time on some
other day. When that day arrives, it is read the third time;
after which, the Speaker, holding the Bill in his hand, puts
the question, “whether the Bill shall pass?”—If the major
part of the House be for it, then the words “Soit Baille auw
Seigneurs,” are written on it by the clerk; or, if in the House
of Lords, there is written thereon, “Soit Baille aur Com-
munes;”—both Houses still retaining in this and some other
particulars respecting the making of laws, the custom of their
Norman predecessors. When an engrossed Bill is read, and
any clauses happen to have been deferred to be added to it,
these must be engrossed on parchment like the Bill, and are
then called riders; if agreed to, they are accordingly added to
the Bill.
If a Bill be rejected, in either House, it cannot be any more
proposed during the same session.
Petitions are offered after the manner of Bills, at the Bar of
the House; they are brought up by the member who presents
them, and are delivered at the table.
MESSAGES BETWEEN THE LORDS AND
COMMONS.
When a Bill is sent by the Commons to the Lords, it is
usual to show their respect to the Upper House by a certain
number of the members of the House going with it. Having
knocked at the door, they are introduced by the Usher of the
Black Rod; and, as they advance towards the Lords' Bar,
they make three profound reverences. The Lord Chancellor,
or Lord Keeper, then comes down to the Bar, carrying the
Great Seal ; and the member who carries the Bill delivers it
INTRODUCTION. lxxv.
into his hands, saying, “The Commons have passed an Act,
entitled, &c., to which they desire your Lordships' concur-
rence.” The Lord Chancellor then receiving the Bill, bows,
goes up to his seat on the Woolsack; and the deputies retire
backwards, with the same reverences as when they entered the
House. The door is then shut upon them, and if they have
more Bills to present, which is generally the case, they again
knock, and the same ceremony is gone through as before.
A Bill sent down by the Lords to the Commons is usually
sent by some of the Masters in Chancery, or other person
whose place is on the Woolsacks; never by any members of
their own House. These coming up to the Speaker, and bow-
ing thrice, deliver to him the Bill, after one of them has read
the title; desiring it may be taken into consideration. If after-
wards it pass the House, these words are written on the Bill,
“Les Communes ont assentez.”
All messengers from the Commons to the Lords are intro-
duced by the Usher of the Black Rod; whilst those from the
Lords to the Commons, as well as all persons appearing at the
Bar of the House, are ushered in by the Sergeant-at-Arms in
attendance. That officer, placing himself on the right hand
of the messenger, with his mace on his shoulder, advances
with him towards the Speaker—both bowing three times as
they draw near to the table. Having delivered the message,
they retire, bowing, without turning their backs on the chair.
When the message is of great importance, the Lords gene-
rally appoint one or more of the Judges to go to the House of
Commons.
The mace, whilst the Speaker of the House of Commons is
in the chair, is always upon the table, except when sent upon
any extraordinary occasion into Westminster-Hall, the Court
of Requests, or the several Committee-rooms, to summon the

lxxvi INTRODUCTION.
members to attend *: but when the House resolves itself into
a Committee of the whole House, the mace is laid under the
table, and the chairman of that Committee takes the chair,
where the Clerk of the House usually sits.
PASSING OF BILLS AND ROYAL AssFNT.
If a Bill pass in one House, and being sent to the other, the
Members demur upon it, a Conference is demanded in the
Painted Chamber, where certain Members deputed by each
House, meet;—the Lords sitting covered at a table, and the
Commons standing, uncovered. Here the business is debated.
If they do not agree, the Bill or other business is annulled; but
if they agree, it is at last brought (with all other Bills which
have passed in both Houses) to the King, who comes to the
9.
House of Peers with his crown on his head, and clothed in his
royal robes. Here, being seated in his chair of state, and all
the Lords in their robes, the Clerk of the Crown reads the
title of each Bill, and as he reads, the Clerk of the Parliament,
according to his instructions from the King, who hath before
maturely considered each Bill, pronounceth the Royal Assent-h.
If it be a public Bill, the answer is, “Le Roi le veut;”
that is, “ The King wills it so to be.” If a private Bill, the
answer is, “Soit fait comme il est desirè " that is, “Let it be
as it is desired.”
* Whenever the Sergeant-at-Arms makes his appearance in any Committee-
room, with the Mace on his shoulder, the Members of that Committee must
instantly lay aside the business then under examination, and proceed to the
House; on the ground that all private business must give way, pro tempore, to
the public business of the nation. Showing the Mace, therefore, is merely a
tacit mode of summoning the Committee-men and straggling Members, and of
collecting as full a House as possible.
# The King, without his personal presence, can, by Commission granted to
some of his Nobles, give the Royal Assent to any Bill that requires haste.

INTRODUCTION. lxxvii
If it be a Bill which the King likes not, the answer is, “Le
Roi s'avisera;” that is, “ The King will consider of it,"
which is taken for a denial in a civil way, but by which the
Bill is wholly annulled.
If it be a Bill for monies given to his Majesty, the Speaker
of the House of Commons carries it up and presents it; when
the answer is, “Le Roi remercie ses loyaux Sujets, accepte
leur Benevolence, et aussi le veut;” that is, “The King
thanks his loyal subjects, accepts their benevolence, and wills it
so to be.”
A Bill of the King's general pardon, which begins with the
Royal Assent, has but one reading in each House; because
both Lords and Commons must accept it as the King pleases

to give it. When such a Bill, or Act of Grace, is passed by
the King, the Clerk of the Parliament thus pronounces the
gratitude of the people, “Les Prelats, Seigneurs, et Communes
en ce present Parlement assemblez, au nom de touts vous autres
Sujets, remercient très humblement votre Majesté, et prient
à Dieu vous donner en santé bonne vie et longue;” that is,
“The Prelates, Lords, and Commons, in this present Parlia-
ment assembled, in the name of all your other suljects, most
humbly thank your Majesty, and pray God to grant you in
health and wealth long to live.”
PROMUL.GATION AND AUTHORITY OF
STATUTES.
Anciently, after every Session of Parliament, the King was
accustomed to command the Sheriffs to proclaim the several Acts
passed during that Session, in their respective Counties, and to
cause them to be duly observed:—since the art of printing has
become common, however, that custom has been discontinued.
Formal promulgation of an Act is not necessary to give it the
lxxviii INTRODUCTION.
force of law, because every man is supposed to have been pre-
sent by his Representatives, when it was discussed and decreed.
But copies of it, notwithstanding, are always printed at the
King's Press, and transmitted to the Chief Magistrates, Sheriffs,
and Clerks of the Peace, throughout the kingdom, for their
particular information and guidance *.
For the purpose of private information, regarding any Act
of Parliament, the King's Printer is permitted to sell copies of
the same to individuals (for his own emolument), at the charge
of three-pence for each sheet on which it may be printed.
A law once made, cannot be amended, or dispensed with,
but by going through the same forms, and by the same au-
thority, by which it was enacted. The King himself cannot
dispense with any Penal Statute without consent of Parliament.
An Act of Parliament, therefore, having the power to bind
every person in the realm (even the King himself, if he be
named therein), is the highest authority which this kingdom
acknowledges.
ADJOURNMENT OF BUSINESS.
By the authority of each House the Parliament is adjourned
every day; by which nothing more is meant than a continuance
of the Session from one day to another+. Sometimes, indeed,
it is adjourned for a fortnight; as at the Christmas and Easter
holidays, by way of recess from the fatigue of business, or
upon any other particular occasion. But the adjournment of
one House does not adjourn the other; each acting by its own
authority.
* Of Public Statutes 5500 are thus printed and distributed: of Acts for
private business, usually termed Private Bills, the number is limited to 300.-
See page 491 of this volume.
! The word adjourn, it is well known, is derived from the French “jour,”
& gay.
INTRODUCTION. lxxix
The King has, properly speaking, no power to adjourn the
Parliament; but whenever he signifies his pleasure that both
Houses shall adjourn to a certain day, it is usual for both
Lords and Commons to obey his will; because a refusal would
certainly be followed by a Prorogation.—Such adjournments
are usually made in the Lords' House by the Lord Chancellor,
or Lord Keeper, in the King's name, to whatever day the King
pleases; and also to whatever place; that is, if he think fit to
remove them, as sometimes has been done. Then, all things
already debated or read, in one or both Houses, continue until
the next meeting, in the same state they were in before the
adjournment, and so may be resumed.
Previously to 1797, three weeks' notice of the re-assembling
of Parliament, after adjournment, was required by law :—but,
in that year, on the ground that three weeks was an incon-
veniently long period, a fortnight's notice was substituted.

PROROGATION OF PARLIAMENT.
A prorogation is the continuance of Parliament from one
Session to another; as an adjournment is of the Session from
day to day. The Parliament is prorogued by the King's autho-
rity, expressed either by the Lord Chancellor in his Majesty's
presence, or by Commission from the Crown; or sometimes by
Proclamation. In either of these cases, a prorogation puts an
end to the Session; and the bills which had been begun, nay,
perhaps, finished, and were merely waiting for the Royal Assent,
must be resumed de novo in the next Session, and go through
all the same forms as at first, before they can be passed
into laws”.

* The celebrated Earl of Shaftesbury was liberated from the Tower on Feb. 24,
1677, on making a formal recantation on his knees, at the bar of the House of
Lords, of an opinion which he had ventured to maintain, that when Parliament is
prorogued for more than a year, it is in effect dissolved; for the assertion of which

lxxx INTRODUCTION.
DISSOLUTION OF PARLIAMENT.
A dissolution is the civil death of Parliament, and is
effected either by its time of existence for seven years” having
expired; or by the King's will, expressed either in person, by
the Lord Chancellor in his presence, or by representation or
commission. The King, only, has the power of dissolving the
Parliament, because he has the sole right of convening it #.
A dissolution of Parliament formerly took place, ipso facto,
on the demise of the Crown; but, to prevent confusion and
tumult, it has since been expressly provided by law, that the
Parliament, in being, continues for six months after the death
of any King, or Queen (Regnant); if not sooner prorogued or
dissolved by their successor. And, should the Parliament be
in a state of adjournment or prorogation, at the time of the
Royal decease, it shall nevertheless immediately assemble.
Nay, if there be no Parliament existing at the time, the
Members of the last Parliament shall convene and be a Par-
opinion he had endured an imprisonment of twelve months. The Duke of
Buckingham, the Earl of Salisbury, and Lord Wharton, had been sent to the
Tower along with Shaftesbury, for maintaining the same doctrine, (at the
opening of Parliament, 15th Feb. 1677,) but having sooner made their sub-
mission, were sooner liberated. The principle for which these noblemen suf-
fered this ignominious and tyrannical treatment in the days of Charles II. is
now happily the established law of the land. To allow the king the power of
proroguing Parliament indefinitely, would in other words be to give him the
power of making one set of men the perpetual representatives of the people,
and of assembling these only when it suited his own purposes, rather than the
interests of the country. -
* As an act of grace on the part of his Majesty, it is usual to dissolve Par-
liament in the sixth year of its existence.
+ It would be very dangerous both to the King and even to the Constitution,
if the two Houses of Parliament had a right to dissolve themselves; for then
they might choose to become perpetual. This was actually the case in the reign
of Charles I., who, being harassed and worried by all parties, unguardedly passed
a bill to continue the Parliament, then in being, till it should please to dissolve
itself!—The consequence was, that the King fell a sacrifice to the inordinate
power he had unadvisedly created, and the whole government was subverted.
INTRODUCTION, lxxxi
liament again;–“ for the purpose of keeping the Peace of
the Realm, and for preserving the succession to the Crown.”
When the King's pleasure is to prorogue or dissolve the
Parliament, his Majesty generally comes in person, with his
crown on his head; when he sends the Usher of the Black Rod
for the House of Commons to come to the Bar of the Lords'
House: the Lord Chancellor, then, by the special command
of the King, pronounces the Parliament to be prorogued or
dissolved.
THE PRIVILEGES OF PARLIAMENT.
The privileges and power of the two Houses of Parliament
are many and great; but, distinct from each other. They
have both the same power of making and repealing laws, con-
jointly with the King; but the Lords are also sole judges—in
the arraignment of any Peer of the Realm;-in impeachment
of the ministers of the Crown;–of Writs of Error respecting
illegal proceedings in Courts of Law;-and in Appeals from
Decrees of the Court of Chancery.-In matters of importance,
such as the corruption of Judges and Magistrates, they can
put witnesses and others to their Oaths.
The House of Commons has no power to administer an
oath, except in those peculiar instances in which that power is
decreed by express Act of Parliament.
Amongst the privileges of Parliament, that of freedom
of speech stands the most conspicuous; and both Houses
enjoy it in a degree superior to any other European legis-
lative assembly.—It is particularly demanded of the King in
person, by the Speaker of the House of Commons, at the
opening of every new Parliament; and is invariably granted
by his Majesty”.
* The statute of 1 Wm. and M. declares that “the freedom of speech and
debate, and proceedings in Parliament, ought not to be impeached or questioned
in any other place or court, out of Parliament.”
|
lxxxii INTRODUCTION.
Another privilege of Parliament consists in the protection
of the persons of the Members of both Houses from arrest;-
which protection extends even to the servants and necessary
attendants of the Lords.-This privilege, however, does not
extend to treason, felony, nor to those offences in which sureties
of the peace might be demanded; nor to the writing and pub-
lishing of seditious libels.-This privilege is not given either
to Peers, Prelates, or Commoners, for their own sakes; but as
a guard which the Constitution has set over their persons for
the secure performance of that duty which they owe to the
public.—Still, the dominion of the Law being paramount to
the privileges of Parliament, the Members of the latter cannot
use the plea of privilege as an obstacle to the regular course of
Justice in matters of high concern to the public. The person
of a legislator is sometimes arrested; but communication of
the fact, and of the cause of detention, must be immediately
made to the House of which he is a member; as he cannot be
lawfully detained without the consent of that House *.
It has been mentioned in another place, that the franking
of letters is a privilege common to the Members of both Houses.
This very great and necessary privilege being formerly grossly
abused, is now so restricted by statute, that no individual can
frank “more than ten, nor receive more than fifteen letters in
any one day;” and “no letter or package so franked or re-
ceived may exceed one ounce in weight;" also, “if any person
be convicted of forging or counterfeiting the superscription, or
of altering the date of any letter or packet, in order to avoid
the payment of the duty of postage, he shall be deemed guilty
of felony, and shall be transported for seven years.”
There are some privileges, exclusive of those mentioned in
page 41, peculiar to the Members of the House of Lords.
* The present Lord Chancellor's letter to the Speaker of the House of
Commons, on the arrest and detention of Mr. Long Pole Wellesley, is fresh in
the recollection of every one.
INTRODUCTION, lxxxiii
One of these, which is very ancient, was declared by the
“Charter of the Forests,” and confirmed in Parliament in the
9th year of Henry III. By it, every Lord Spiritual or Tem-
poral, in passing through the King's forests, when summoned
to Parliament, may kill one or two of the King's deer, without
warrant; provided that he do it in view of the forester, or on
blowing a horn if he be absent.
In order to preserve a dignity in their proceedings, and to
have the benefit of proper advice on points of law, the House
of Lords has a right to be attended by the Judges, by such of
the King's learned counsel who are Sergeants, and by the
Masters in the Court of Chancery. But the most peculiar
privilege of the Lords is, that any Peer or Prelate, (if by reason
of sickness or private business he cannot appear in his place,)
may, by licence obtained from the King, make another Lord
of Parliament his proay, to vote for him in his absence: this
privilege is withheld from the Commons, because they are
themselves only proxies for their constituents. At the begin-
ning of every Parliament, however, such Lords as would make
their Proxies, must enter them in person*: they are then as
available on all questions as if the Peer himself were present,
except when the House is in Committee; in which case the
Lords only who are present, may vote.
The Peers also enjoy the right of protest; that is, each
Peer may, with leave of the House, enter upon the Journals
his reasons for dissent, whenever a vote passes contrary to his
wishes +.
* By a Standing Order, no Lord can receive or make use of more than two
proxies; the proxies of Spiritual Lords must be made to Spiritual Lords, and
those of Temporal Lords to Temporal Lords.
# There are many dissents on the Lords' Journals which are called Protests,
Protestations, and the like; but which are not accompanied with any of those
circumstances that distinguish or denote a Parliamentary Protest, in its pre-
sent acceptation. For instance, in the year 1404, the Earl of Northumberland
lxxxiv. INTRODUCTION.
Further, all Bills that in their consequences may in any
way affect the rights of the Peerage, must have their origin
in the House of Lords; and they may not be altered or
amended in the other House.
The Privileges peculiar to the House of CoMºMo'Ns relate
principally to the imposing or levying of taxes on the people;
and to inquiries into the election of Members to serve in
Parliament.
It is the ancient indisputable privilege and right of the
House of Commons, that all grants of subsidies, or parlia-
mentary aids, do begin in their House; indeed, they have at
all times been so anxiously tenacious of this privilege, that
they have never suffered the Lords to make any change in the
Money Bills” which they have sent them; but have only
allowed their Lordships simply to accept or reject them +.
came into Parliament before the King and Lords, and presented a petition to
the King, praying to be restored to his favour. The King referred the petition
to the judges for their consideration; but the Lords dissented, and insisted that
the consideration of it belonged to them. Of the same nature are many dissents
of the House of Commons from the Lords and King, which are, notwith-
standing, called Protestations. As the Members of that House, however, have
not, by their privileges, the power of protesting individually, it is plain, that
these are properly no more than dissents; or where the reasons are reduced to
writing, and entered on the Journals (as they are in many places), they are
merely remonstrances.
* By a Tax Bill or Money Bill, is meant any Public or Private Bill, under
which money is directed to be raised upon the subject, for any purpose, or in
any shape, whatsoever; whether it be for the exigencies of the State; for
private benefit; or for any particular district or parish, either as taxes, customs,
tolls, dues, or rates, of any kind.
+ The supplies being raised on the people at large, it certainly is proper that
they alone should have the right of taxing themselves, by their own representa-
tives; but although this is the reason generally given for this privilege of the
Commons, it does not seem a good one; for it is obvious that a considerable
portion of the taxes is raised upon the property of the Lords. The Commons,
therefore, not being the only persons who are taxed, cannot fairly have the
exclusive privilege of taxing; but, as the Lords are a permanent and hereditary
body, and created at the pleasure of the King, they are supposed to be more
liable to the undue influence of the Crown than the Commons; who are chosen

INTRODUCTION. lxxxv.
This important privilege of raising, or withholding the sup-
plies, is the very life and soul of the House of Commons:
upon it their very being may be said to exist; for, at a dis-
solution of the Parliament (at all times in the power of the
King), the Commons completely vanish; whereas the Lords,
being an hereditary body, still exist. Aware, therefore, of
the advantages which they derive from the power of granting
the supplies to the Crown, the Commons have, at all times,
watched over this privilege with the most fostering and anxious
solicitude. Hence the warmth, nay, the resentment, with which
they have so often rejected the amendments proposed by the
Lords to their money bills; nay, such is the indignation shown
by the Commons at any, the most distant, attempt of the Lords,
to encroach upon this right, that when any money bill is re-
turned by them with the slightest alteration, it is treated with
great contempt; and such have sometimes been literally kicked
out of the House, without so much as being examined”.
When a money bill, therefore, is, at any time, altered by
the Lords, it is now usual for the Speaker to state to the
House, “that the bill containing an objectionable clause, the
House cannot, consistently with its ancient privilege, do other-
wise than reject it;"—and it is then rejected accordingly.
Another almost invaluable privilege of the Commons is the
by the people, and, when elected, are only a temporary body. Hence, there
would be great danger from a power in the Lords to raise the supplies upon the
people; therefore it is sufficient for their own safety, and for the public service,
that they possess the right of rejecting any Tax Bill, should the Commons
appear to them to be too lavish and improvident in their grants.
* The last time the Lords contended with the Commons respecting their
right to alter a money bill, was in 1671, during the reign of Charles II., when
the altercations between the two Houses ran so high, that the King was com-
pelled to prorogue the Parliament; notwithstanding he thereby lost the in-
tended supplies. In 1772, they rejected the amendments made by the Lords to
the Corn and Game Bills, on the ground “that the Lords had no right to alter
a Bill by which money was to be levied on the subject.”—Ever since, this mo-
mentous privilege of the Commons has remained undisputed.
lxxxvi INTRODUCTION.
power which they possess of impeaching public delinquents;
—even the highest Lords in the kingdom, both Spiritual and
Temporal. In fact, the House of Commons is the grand in-
quest of the realm, summoned from all parts to present public
grievances and delinquents to the King and Lords, to be re-
dressed and punished by them; and to this purpose, the Lords
sit in their robes on the bench, and covered, as the Judges of
the Land do in other judicatories. They swear and examine
witnesses, and at length pass sentence; whilst the Members of
the Commons' House stand uncovered at their Lordships' bar
to produce witnesses, manage evidence, &c.
On such occasions it is always customary for the Commons
to appoint a manager of the impeachment, whose business it is
to precede the House in their passage to the bar of the Lords;
there to act as their spokesman, and to impeach the delinquent,
“in the name of all the Commons of Great Britain and Ireland.”
The Speaker of the House is not obliged to take upon him-
self this ungracious office.
The last instances of impeachment by the Commons, were
those of Warren Hastings, in 1787, managed by Mr. Burke;
and of Wiscount Melville, in 1805, managed by Mr. Whitbread.
THE ORDER
or
DIGNITY AND PRECEIDENCE
TO BE Obsert VED,
IN THE HOUSE OF PEERS,
(SUPPOSING ALL THE LORDS TO BE PRESENT,)
ACCORDING TO THEIR. RANK AND CREATION".
SPEAKER OF THE HOUSE,
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, the Right Honourable
John-Singleton, BARoN LYNDHURST.
PRINCES OF THE ROYAL BLOOD.
1. His Royal Highness, Prince William-Henry, DUKE of CLARENCE,
creation May 16, 1789. Georgio Tertio regnante. Aged 64.
2. H. R. H. Prince Ernest-Augustus, Duke of CUMBERLAND,
cre. April 23, 1799. Eodem Regno. Aged 59.
3. H. R. H. Prince Augustus-Frederick, Duke of Sussex,
cre. Nov. 27, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 57.
4. H. R. H. Prince Adolphus-Frederick Duke of CAMBRIDGE,
cre. Nov. 27, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 56.
5. H. R. H. Prince William-Frederick, DUKE of GloucestER,
cre. Nov. 14, 1764. Eod. Reg. Aged 54.
The Princes of the Royal Blood sit in the House of Peers by virtue
only of their dukedoms: they are called Royal Dukes, by way of
distinction and eminence, as being the brothers, sons, or cousins of
the King. For other particulars, see page 6.
* It is necessary here to observe that the Great Officers and Secretaries of State
take precedence of all Lords of their own rank; and that the Lord Chancellor, the
Lord President of the King's Council, and the Lord Privy Seal, although only
Barons, sit above all Peers except the Princes of the Royal Family and the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury. The Archbishop of York permits the Lord Chancellor,
only, to take precedence of him.
B
2 HOUSE OF PEERS.
ARCHIBISHOPS,
6. His Grace, the Right Honourable and Most Reverend Father in
God, WILLIAM, Lord ARCHBIs Hop of CANTERBURY.
consecrated in 1813.
7. His Grace, the Rt. Hon, and Most Rev. Father in God, Edward,
LoRD ARCHBishop of York. cons. 1791.
8. 3. li. 33. His Grace, the Rt. Hon. and Most Rev. Father in
God, WILLIAM, LoRD ARCHBishop of DUBLIN, and LoRD
Bishop of GLANDELAGH. cons, 1819.
The title of ARCHBishop was first adopted in the East, about the
year 340; but the dignity was at first merely honorary, being given
to all bishops of great or capital cities. Hence, they were likewise
styled Metropolitans, Primates, or Chief Bishops, having generally
several Suffragan Bishops in the surrounding territory, subject to their
inspection and control in spiritual matters. England is divided into
two Archbishoprics, or spiritual provinces, viz. Canterbury and York;
and the personages who fill these sees have no further style of
distinction from each other, as metropolitans, than that the Arch-
bishop of York is designated as Primate of England, whilst he of
Canterbury takes for part of his style the pleonasmal title of “Primate
of ALL England.” Besides their Provincial jurisdiction, each Arch-
bishop has his own peculiar Diocese.
The Archbishop of Canterbury had formerly jurisdiction over
Ireland in spiritual matters, and was styled a Patriarch. He likewise
enjoyed certain special rights which generally belong to sovereign
princes only; such as being the patron of the bishopric of Rochester,
the regal privilege of making knights, coining money, &c. &c. He is
still the first peer of England, ranking immediately after the Princes
of the Royal Family, and having precedence of all dukes and great
officers of the Crown. He is addressed by the ducal title of “ His
Grace,” and designates his appointment to his spiritual station and
functions to be “By divine Providence,” as the temporal sovereign
of these realms does “By the grace of God.” It is still the peculiar
privilege of the Archbishop of Canterbury to crown the Kings and
Queens of England. He has likewise, by the Common's Laws, the
power of probates of all wills and testaments within his own pro-
vince; also, to grant licences and dispensations in all cases formerly
sued for in the court of Rome, and not repugnant to the laws of God;
and among others, special licences to marry at any time or place.
He holds several courts of judicature, as the Courts of Arches and of
HOUSE OF PEERS, 3
Audience, the Prerogative Court, and the Court of Peculiars. He
has, of course, the inspection of the bishops of his own province, as
well as of the inferior clergy, and may deprive them of their livings
and benefices on proper cause being shown ; and he can likewise
exercise the right of conferring all the degrees usually taken at the
Universities. But, in the latter case, University graduates, by various
Acts of Parliament, &c., are entitled to certain privileges not extended
to what is termed a Lambeth degree –for example, a qualification for
dispensation to hold two livings at the same time, is confined, by the
21st Henry the Eighth, to Cambridge and Oxford. -
The Archbishop of York has the same power and dignity in his
own province, as his Right Honourable and Most Reverend Brother
has in that of Canterbury. He is the third peer of the realm, and
has precedence of all dukes not of the royal blood, and of all officers
of state except the Lord High Chancellor. He is addressed by the
ducal title of “Grace;” and his archiepiscopal appointment is stated
in all public acts and documents to be “By divine permission.” It is
his privilege and duty to crown the Queen Consort of these realms.
In Ireland there are four Archbishops, one of whom, by turns, sits
each session in the House of Peers as a Lord of Parliament; and is
accompanied by three Bishops, who in the same manner take their
annual turns to represent their own body. The Irish Archbishops
possess the same power, privileges, and dignities, in their own country
and provinces, as do the English ones in England. The three Arch-
bishops are styled Right Honourable, from their offices as Privy Coun-
cillors; the two first in England, and the latter in Ireland.
DUKES.
9. His Grace, the Most Noble Bernard-Edward, DUKE of Norfolk,
creation, June 28, 1483. Riccardo Tertio regnante. Aged 65.
10. His Grace, the Most Noble Edward-Adolphus, Duke of SoMERSET,
cre. Feb. 16, 1546. Edwardo Sea to reg. Aged 55.
11. His Grace, the Most Noble Charles, DUKE of RICHMOND,
cre. Aug. 9, 1675. Carolo Secundo reg. Aged 39.
12. His Grace, the Most Noble George-Henry, DUKE of GRAFToM,
cre. Sept. 11, 1675. Eodem Regno. Aged 70.
13. His Grace, the Most Noble Henry-Charles, DUKE of BEAUFoRT,
cre. Dec. 2, 1682. Eod. Reg. Aged 63.
14. His Grace, the Most Noble William-Aubrey-de-Vere, Duke of
ST, ALBANs, cre. Jan. 10, 1683, Eod. Reg. Aged 29.
4 HOUSE OF PEERS.
15. His Grace, the Most Noble George-William-Frederick, Duke of
LEEDs, cre. May 4, 1694. Gulielmo Tertio regnante. Aged 55.
16. His Grace, the Most Noble John, DUKE of BEDFord,
cre. May 11, 1694. Eod. Reg. Aged 64.
17. His Grace, the Most Noble William-Spencer, DUKE of DEvoN-
sHIRE, cre. May 12, 1694. Eod. Reg. Aged 40.
18. His Grace, the Most Noble George, DUKE of MARLBoRough,
cre. Dec. 14, 1702. Anna regnante. Aged 64,
19. His Grace, the Most Noble John-Henry, DUKE of RUTLAND,
cre. March 10, 1703. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
20. His Grace, the Most Noble Alexander, DUKE of BRANDoN,
cre. Sept. 10, 1711. Eod. Reg. Aged 62.
21. His Grace, the Most Noble William-Henry, DUKE of PontLAND,
cre. July 6, 1716. Georgio Primo regnante. Aged 62.
22. His Grace, the Most Noble William, DUKE of MANchestER,
cre. April 30, 1719. Eod. Reg. Aged 62.
23. His Grace, the Most Noble Charles, DUKE of DoRs ET,
cre. June 13, 1720. Eod. Reg. Aged 63.
24. His Grace, the Most Noble Henry-Pelham, DUKE of NEwcastLE,
cre. Nov. 13, 1756, Georgio Secundo regnante. Aged 45.
25. His Grace, the Most Noble Hugh, DUKE of North UMBERLAND,
cre. Oct. 22, 1766. Georgio Tertio regnante. Aged 45.
26. His Grace, the Most Noble Arthur, Duke of WELLINGToN,
cre. May 3, 1814. Administratione Regni, Georgii Principis
Wallia. Aged 61.
27. His Grace, the Most Noble Richard, DUKE of BUCKINGHAM
AND CHANDos, cre. Jan. 9, 1822. Georgio Quarto regnante.
Aged 54.
The title of DUKE is evidently identical with that of the leader of
an army; and in ancient times, was analogous to the modern Field
Marshal. The derivation is from the Latin “Dua,” a General; and
the first creation of such a dignity in England is perfectly con-
formable to the ancient practice of the Romans, and those other
nations of Europe who adopted their manners and language. Our
first duke was the gallant Edward, surnamed the Black Prince, the
hero of Cressy and Poictiers. In 1337, being then Earl of Chester,
his father, King Edward the Third, conferred upon him the highly
deserved title of DUKE of CoRNwall; and although this dukedom
subsequently merged in the Principality of Wales, it has ever since
been vested in the heir apparent to the Crown of these realms, who,
at the very hour of his birth, inherits the style and dignity of Duke
of Cornwall. The second personage who had the honour of elevation
HOUSE OF PEERS. 5
to this rank of nobility was Henry Plantagenet, son and heir to the
Earl of Derby, who was created Duke of Lancaster by the same
monarch in 1351. His Grace died in 1360; and although he left no
male issue, this dignity was continued in his family; being conferred
on the celebrated John of Gaunt, his warlike son-in-law, who had
married his second daughter, the Lady Blanche Plantagenet.
Let it not be imagined, however, that, at the period now spoken
of, dukedoms were hereditary". The honour, or rather the command(for
dignity, or title, and duty, as Blackstone says, were never separated
by our ancestors) devolved upon John of Gaunt merely on account of
his personal prowess, and not on account of any inherent right from
having married a daughter of the first Duke of Lancaster. The best
proof of this fact is, that the dignity expired with himself; and ever
afterwards, until the time of Edward the Sixth, dukedoms were con-
ferred on princes of the royal blood only, who, no doubt, generally
executed their offices by deputy. It is impossible, at this distance of
time, to state how this honour became hereditary. During the reign
of Elizabeth very few dukes existed in England; and in the year
1572 the rank itself became extinct. James the First, however,
revived it (but without attaching any office or duty to be performed),
in the person of his favourite George Williers, whom he created Duke
of Buckingham. In succeeding reigns, this rank of nobility increased;
but, independent of the Princes of the Blood Royal, it is not likely
that it will ever much exceed its present number.
A Duke is commonly entitled “His Grace;” but when addressing
him officially, the sovereign sometimes styles him “Puissant Prince;”
but more generally, his “Right trusty and right entirely beloved cousin
and counsellor.” This affectionate mode of address was first used by
King Henry the Fourth, who, being related or allied to every earl
or nobleman in the kingdom, either by blood or by marriage, con-
stantly acknowledged that connexion in this manner in all his letters
and public acts. From him the usage descended to his successors,
although the cause has long ago ceased.
A Duke's eldest son is generally styled Marquess, or Earl, by
courtesy; as in the case of the Marquess of Blandford, who is the
heir apparent to his Grace the Duke of Marlborough: and the younger
* The French and other nations had adopted and made hereditary the title of Duke
long before the English. The predecessors of William, Duke of Normandy, who
afterwards wore the English crown, received their titles, not so much from being
lords or sovereigns of the province of Normandy, as from having had, in succession,
the command of a powerful military force.
6 . HOUSE OF PEERS,
sons are styled Lords; but such designations confer no rights of
nobility, nor any other privilege, farther than admission into the
House of Peers on occasions of ceremony; and then, only as spectators
or auditors. In fact no peer's son can enjoy a seat in the House of
Lords during his father's lifetime, unless by the particular creation
of the King to some new dignity not already possessed by his father.
A Duke's parliamentary robes are made of fine scarlet cloth, lined
with white taffeta, having four guards of ermine on each side, at
equal distances; each guard being surmounted by gold lace, and the
robe itself tied up to the left shoulder by a white riband. His cap is
made of crimson velvet, lined and turned up with ermine, and having
a gold tassel on the top. This costume, however, is used only on
occasions of ceremony and importance, as when the king happens to
be present either to open or to terminate the session of Parliament,
&c.; the usual dress of all the peers (except the Lord Chancellor,
the Archbishops, and Bishops) being that of English gentlemen, as
worn in the street or elsewhere. They wear boots, shoes, trowsers,
&c. as fancy or convenience may suggest; and whilst the ordinary
business of the House is going on, they generally sit with their heads
covered.
At the coronation of a sovereign, a Duke's robes consist of a
crimson velvet mantle and surcoat, lined with white taffeta; the
former being doubled from the neck to the elbow with ermine, with
four rows of dark spots on each shoulder. His coronet is of gold,
set with strawberry leaves of the same metal at equal distances; the
cap inside being of crimson velvet, lined and turned up with ermine
spotted, and surmounted by a golden tassel. A Royal Duke's coronet
differs from this, inasmuch that, for a nephew or cousin of the reigning
sovereign, the strawberry leaves are alternated with crosses; whilst
that of a brother or younger son has no strawberry leaves, but is sur-
mounted by crosses and fleurs-de-lis. In all other respects the
costume is the same".
* Dukes are, at the present day, created by patent; anciently, by cincture of
sword, mantle of state, the imposition of caps and coronets of gold upon their heads,
and the placing of verges of gold in their hands. So late as the reign of James I.
it was deemed necessary thus to invest the Peers in open Parliament. That mon-
arch, in the thirteenth year of his reign, solemnly inducted the Barons created by
patent, by enrobing them in scarlet mantles, with hoods furred with minever. In
the same reign, however, the legal advisers of the Crown having declared that the
delivery of the letters patent constituted a sufficient creation, it was determined that
such ceremonies should be discontinued in future :-in modern patents, the cere-
mony of investiture is expressly dispensed with.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 7
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
MARQUESSES.
His Lordship, the Most Honourable Charles-Ingoldsby, MARQUEss
of WINcHEstER, cre. Oct. 12, 1551. Reyno Edwardi Seati.
Aged 56.
$. 33.33. His Lordship, the Most Hon. Charles, MARQUEss of
QUEENsBERRy, cre. Feb. 11, 1682. Reg. Caroli Secundi.
Aged 53.
$.3%. 33. His Lordship, the Most Hon. George, MARQUEss of
Twº EDDALE, cre. Dec. 17, 1694. Reg. Gulielmi Tertii.
Aged 43.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. Henry,MARQUEss of LAND's Down E,
cre. Nov. 30, 1784. Reg. Georgii Tertii. Aged 50.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. George-Granville, MARQUEss of
STAFFord, cre. Feb. 28, 1786. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. George, MARQUE'ss Townshend,
cre. Oct. 27, 1787. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. James-Brownlow-William, MAR-
Quess of SALISBURy, cre. Aug. 18, 1789. Eod. Reg. Aged 39.
. His Lordship, the Most Hon. Thomas, MARQUE'ss of BATH,
cre. Aug. 18, 1789. Eod. Reg. Aged 65.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. John-James, MARQUEss of ABER-
coRN, cre. Oct. 2, 1790, Eod. Reg. Aged 19.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. Francis-Charles, MARQUEss of
HERTFoRD, cre. June 29, 1793, Eod. Reg. Aged 53.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. John, MARQUEss of BUTE,
cre. March 11, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 37.
3. li. 33. His Lordship, the Most Hon. William, MARQUEss of
THoMo'ND”, cre. Dec. 29, 1800. Eod. Reg. Aged 65.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. Brownlow, MARQUEss of ExETER,
cre. Feb. 4, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 35.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. Spencer-Joshua-Alwyne, MAR-
QUEss of NorthAMPtoN, cre. Aug. 15, 1812. Administratione
Regni, Georgii Principis Walliae. Aged 40.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. John-Jeffreys, MARQUEss CAMDEN,
cre. Aug. 15, 1812. Eadem Administratione. Aged 71.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. Henry-William, MARQUEss of
ANGLEs Ey, cre. June 23, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 61.
His Lordship, the Most Hon. George-James-Horatio, MARQUEss
of Cholmon DELEY, cre. Sept. 30, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 38.
* Created BARoN TADcAs TER, of the united kingdom, on the 13th June, 1826;
but retains his rank as a representative peer of Ireland.
8 HOUSE OF PEERS.
45. H. 36. 33. His Lordship, the Most Hon. Henry, MARQUEss
CoNYNGHAM “, cre. Jan. 22, 1816. Ead. Adm. Aged 63.
46. His Lordship, the Most Hon. George-Augustus-Francis, MAR-
QUEss of HASTINGs, cre. Dec. 7, 1816. Ead. Adm. Aged 22.
47. His Lordship, the Most Hon. Charles, MARQUEss of AILEs BURy,
cre. July 9, 1821. Reg. Georgii Quarti. Aged 57.
48. His Lordship, the Most Hon. Frederick-William, MARQUEss of
BR1stol, cre. June 13, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 61.
49. His Lordship, the Most Hon. William-Harry, MARQUEss of
CLEveLAND, cre. Sept. 17, 1827. Eod. Reg. Aged 64.
In ancient times the LoRDs MARQUEsses, or MARCHEs, guarded
the frontiers and limits of the kingdom; as between England and
Wales, and between Scotland and England, whilst each continued to
be an enemy's country; the word marche signifying a boundary.
These national guardians were invested with both military and civil
authority; they had their own peculiar laws; and they exercised
almost regal sway over the borderers of each kingdom, who were
either their vassals, or subject to them during the time of their
command. These outposts served as shields to all other parts of both
kingdoms; and although almost continual warfare raged between
them, their institution was so far advantageous, that invasion was
guarded against and repelled, and the petty quarrels of both parties
were prevented from becoming national by being settled on the spot;
either by contest in the field, or by reprisal for depredations com-
mitted on the goods and cattle of either party. In short, they stood
in the same relation to both nations, and prevented a more general
effusion of blood in the same manner, that the Horatii and Curiatii
did on one occasion, in regard to the armies of ancient Rome and Alba.
The authority of the Lords Marches, or Marquesses, was abolished
by statute in the 27th year of the reign of Henry the Eighth. The
earliest instances on record of their creation are in the reign of
Richard the Second, who conferred this dignity upon Robert de Vere,
as Marquess of Dublin, in 1386; and upon John Beaufort, Earl of
Somerset, as Marquess of Dorset, in 1397. From that period until
the reign of Edward the Sixth, Marquesates appear to have lain
dormant in England. They were then resumed merely as ensigns of
honour; and they soon became a regular grade of nobility, invariably
created by letters patent from the king, who, whenever he addresses
* BARoN MINst ER of the united kingdom; so created July 9, 1821; but re-
taining the above rank as an Irish representative peer.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 9
a Marquess officially, styles him his “Right trusty and entirely
beloved cousin;” and in some cases “Puissant Prince.”—The eldest
son of a Marquess is by courtesy styled Earl, or Lord of some Barony
or other possession belonging to his father; but he is not thereby
entitled to a seat in the House of Peers, nor has he the rights or
privileges of nobility.
The parliamentary and coronation costumes of a Marquess differ
from those of a Duke only so far, that whilst the latter has four guards
of ermine on each side of his mantle, the former has four on the right
and three on the left side; each guard being surmounted by gold lace.
The golden rim or band of his coronet is surmounted by pearls and
strawberry-leaves, intermingled, and of equal height.
EARLS.
50. His Lordship, the Right Honourable John, EARL of SHREws-
BURy, cre. May 20, 1442. Henrico Serto regnante. Aged 39.
51. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, EARL of DERby,
cre. Oct. 27, 1485. Henrico Septimo reg. Aged 77.
52. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Hans-Francis, EARL of HUNTINGdon,
cre. Dec. 8, 1529. Henrico Octavo reg. Aged 21.
53. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert-Henry, EARL of PEMBRokE
AND Montgomery, cre. Oct. 11, 1551. Edwardo Sewto reg.
Aged 38.
54. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, EARL of SUFFolk AND
BERKshire, cre. July 21, 1603. Jacobo Primo reg. Aged 53.
55. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Basil-Percy, EARL of DENBIGH,
cre. Sept. 14, 1622. Eod. Reg. Aged 34.
56. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, EARL of WEstMoRELAND,
cre. May 29, 1624. Eod. Reg. Aged 71.
57. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Albemarle, EARL of LINDsey,
cre. Nov. 8, 1626. Carolo Primo reg. Aged 16.
58. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Harry, EARL of STAM ford
AND WARRINGTON, cre. Mar. 26, 1628. Eod. Reg. Aged 65.
59. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-William, EARL of WIN-
cHILSEA AND NoTTINGHAM, cre. July 12, 1628. Eod. Reg.
Aged 39.
60. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Augustus-Frederick, EARL
of CHESTERFIELD, cre. Aug. 4, 1628. Eod. Reg. Aged 25.
61. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, EARL of THANET,
cre. Aug. 5, 1628. Eod. Reg. Aged 59.
62. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-John, EARL of SANdwich,
cre. July 12, 1660. Carolo Secundo reg. Aged 18.
C
10
HOUSE OF PEERS.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
77.
78.
79.
80.
81.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, EARL of Essex,
cre. April 20, 1661. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert, EARL of CARDIGAN,
cre. April 20, 1661. Eod. Reg. Aged 61.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, EARL of CARLISLE,
cre. April 20, 1661. Eod. Reg. Aged 56.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Walter-Francis, EARL of DoNCAstER,
cre. Feb. 15, 1662. Eod. Reg. Aged 23.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Cropley, EARL of SHAFTEsbu Ry,
cre. April 23, 1672. Eod. Reg. Aged 61.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis-Henry, EARL of BERKELEY,
cre. Sept. 11, 1679. Eod. Reg. Aged 35.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Montagu, EARL of ABINGDoN,
cre. Nov. 30, 1682. Eod. Reg. Aged 46.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Other-Archer, EARL of PLYMoUTH,
cre. Dec. 6, 1682, Eod. Reg. Aged 41.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard, EARL of ScAR Borough,
cre. April 15, 1690. Gulielmo Tertio reg. Aged 73.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Henry, EARL of Rochford,
cre. May 10, 1695. Eod. Reg. Aged 76.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Charles, EARL of ALBE-
MARLE, cre. Feb. 10, 1696. Eod. Reg. Aged 58.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-William, EARL of Covent Ry,
cre. April 26, 1697. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, EARL or JERs Ey,
cre. Sept. 24, 1697. Eod. Reg. Aged 56.
. $. ii. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-George, EARL of
ERRol, cre. March 17, 1452. Jacobo Secundo, Scotiae, regnante.
Aged 29.
$. ii. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Sholto, EARL of
MoRton, cre. March 14, 1457. Eod. Reg. Aged 40.
#. 13.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Alexander, EARL of Home,
cre.March 4, 1605. Jacobo Seato, Scotia, reg. Aged 60.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, EARL of ELGIN
AND KINCARDINE, cre. June 21, 1633. Carolo Primo reg.
Aged 64.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Archibald-John, EARL of
RosBBERRY”, cre. April 10, 1703. Anna regnante. Aged 46.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, EARL Poulett,
cre. Dec. 29, 1706. Eod. Reg. Aged 47.
* His Lordship, whilst retaining his rank as a representative Peer of Scotland, is
entitled to a seat among the Barons; having, on Jan. 17, 1828, been created Baron
Roseberry of the united kingdom.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 11
83.
84.
85.
86.
87.
88.
89.
90.
91.
92.
93.
94.
95.
96.
97.
98.
99.
100.
101.
102.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, EARL of Oxford, AND
MoRTIMER, cre. July 24, 1711. Eod. Reg. Aged 57.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Washington, EARL FERRERs,
cre. Sept. 3, 1711. Eod. Reg. Aged 69.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, EARL of DARTMoUTH,
cre. Sept. 5, 1711. Eod. Reg. Aged 45.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Augustus, EARL of TANKER-
v1.1.1, E, cre. Oct. 15, 1714. Georgio Primo reg. Aged 54.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Heneage, EARL of AYLEsford,
cre. Oct. 15, 1714. Eod. Reg. Aged 44.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Peter-Leopold-Francis, EARL
CowPER, cre. March 18, 1718. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Philip-Henry, EARL STANHoPE,
cre. April 7, 1718. Eod. Reg. Aged 48.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Philip, EARL of HARBorough,
cre. May 4, 1719. Eod. Reg. Aged 33.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, EARL of MAccLEsfield,
cre. Nov. 15, 1721, Eod. Reg. Aged 75.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas-William, EARL of Pom-
FRET, cre. Dec. 21, 1721. Eod. Reg. Aged 60.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, EARL GRAHAM,
cre. May 23, 1722, Eod. Reg. Aged 75.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-James, EARL WALDEGRAVE,
cre. Sept. 16, 1729. Georgio Secundo reg. Aged 45.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, EARL of AshBURNHAM,
cre. May 24, 1730. Eod. Reg. Aged 69.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, EARL of HARRINGToN,
cre. Feb. 9, 1741. Eod. Reg. Aged 50.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Charles, EARL of Ports-
MoUTH, cre. April 11, 1743. Eod. Reg. Aged 66.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-Richard, EARL BRooke,
AND of WARwick, cre, July 7, 1746. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Robert, EARL of BucKING-
HAMSHIRE, cre. August 20, 1746. Eod. Reg. Aged 41.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, EARL Fitzwilliam,
cre, Sept. 6, 1746. Eod. Reg. Aged 82.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-O'Brien, EARL of EGRE-
Mont, cre. Oct. 3, 1749. Eod. Reg. Aged 78.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, EARL HARcourt,
cre. Dec. 1, 1749. Eod. Reg. Aged 87.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. and Rev. Francis, EARL of GUIL-
Ford, cre. April 8, 1752. Eod. Reg. Aged 57.
12
HOUSE OF PEERS.
103.
104.
105.
106.
107.
108.
109.
110.
1 11.
112.
113.
I 14.
| 16.
117.
I 18.
119.
120.
121.
122.
123.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, EARL CoRNwallis,
cre. June 30, 1753. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Philip, EARL of HARDwicke,
cre. April 2, 1754. Eod. Reg. Aged 73.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-Stephen-Fox, EARL of
ILCHESTER, cre. June 5, 1756. Eod. Reg. Aged 43.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-John, EARL DELAwark,
cre. March 18, 1761. Georgio Tertio reg. Aged 38.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Pleydell, EARL of RADNor,
cre. Oct. 31, 1765. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-John, EARL SPENcER,
cre. Nov. 1, 1765. Eod. Reg. Aged 71.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, EARL of CHATHAM,
cre. August 4, 1766. Eod. Reg. Aged 73.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, EARL BATHURST,
cre, August 27, 1772. Eod. Reg. Aged 68.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Arthur-Blundell, EARL of HILLs-
Borough, cre. Aug. 28, 1772. Eod. Reg. Aged 42.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Charles, EARL of CLARENDoN,
cre. June 14, 1776. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, EARL of ABERGAVENNY,
cre. May 17, 1784. Eod. Reg. Aged 75.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, EARL of Norwich,
cre. July 2, 1784. Eod. Reg. Aged 60.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Chetwynd, EARL TALBot,
cre. July 3, 1784. Eod. Reg. Aged 53.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert, EARL GrosvenoR,
cre. July 5, 1784. Eod. Reg. Aged 63.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, EARL STRANGE,
cre. Aug. 8, 1786. Eod. Reg. Aged 75.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard, EARL of MoUNT-EDGE-
cuAIBE, cre. Aug. 18, 1789. Eod. Reg. Aged 66.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Hugh, EARL Fort Escue,
cre. Aug. 18, 1789. Eod. Reg. Aged 77.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, EARL Digby,
cre. Oct. 30, 1790. Eod. Reg. Aged 57.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Algernon, EARL of BEVERLEY,
cre. Oct. 30, 1790. Eod. Reg. Aged 80.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, EARL of MANsfield,
cre. Aug. 1, 1792. Eod. Reg. Aged 53.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-George, EARL of CAER-
NARvoN, cre. June 29, 1793. Eod. Reg. Aged 58.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 13
124.
125.
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Cecil-Cope, EARL of
Liverpool, cre. June 1, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 45.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Henry, EARL CADoGAN,
cre. Dec. 27, 1800. Eod. Reg. Aged 81.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James-Edward, EARL of
MALMEsBURy, cre. Dec. 29, 1800. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Somerset-Richard, EARL
of CARRICK, cre. June 10, 1748. Georgio Secundo reg. Aged 50.
#. 13. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis-William, EARL of
CHARLEMONT, cre. Dec. 23, 1763. Georgio Tertio reg. Aged 55.
#. 13. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, EARL of
KINGston", cre. Aug. 25, 1768. Eod. Reg. Aged 59.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Stephen, EARL or
MoUNT-CAsHEL, cre. Jan. 5, 1781. Eod. Reg. Aged 38.

#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Right Hon. Thomas, EARL of
LoNGFord t, cre. June 20, 1785. Eod. Reg. Aged 56.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, EARL of Mayo,
cre. June 27, 1785. Eod. Reg. Aged 64.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Willoughby, EARL
of ENNIskiLLEN1, cre. Aug. 18, 1789. Eod. Reg. Aged 62.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Forward, EARL
of Wicklow, cre. Dec. 20, 1793. Eod. Reg. Aged 42.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard, EARL of LucAN,
cre. Oct. 6, 1795. Eod. Reg. Aged 65.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Somerset-Lowry, EARL
of BELMoRE, cre. Nov. 14, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 56.
H. li. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Henry-St. John,
EARL O'NEIL, cre. Aug. 7, 1800. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
#. 33. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis, EARL of
BANDoN, cre. Aug. 7, 1800. Eod. Reg. Aged 74.
#. 33 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Dupré, EARL of CALEdoN,
cre. Dec. 29, 1800. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, EARL of RossLYN,
cre. April 21, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 68.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, EARL of CRAven,
cre. June 18, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 21.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Arthur-George, EARL ONslow,
cre. June 19, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.

* Created BARoN KING's Tox, of the united kingdom, July 9, 1821.
t Created BARoN SILCHESTER, of the united kingdom, July 9, 1821.
† Created BARoN GRINstEAD, of the united kingdom, July 18, 1815.
These Peers retain their rank as representative Earls of Ireland, though entitled to
sit in the House of Lords as Barons of the United Kingdom.
14
HOUSE OF PEERS.
143.
144,
151.
152.
153.
154.
155.
159.
160.
161.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, EARL of RomNEy,
cre. June 22, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-Thomas, EARL of Chich Es-
TER, cre. June 23, 1801, Eod. Reg. Aged 26.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, EARL of WILToN,
cre. June 26, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 30.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edmund-Henry, EARL
of LIMERICK", cre. Feb. 11, 1803. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
... }. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard, EARL of CLAN-
cARTyt, cre. Feb. 11, 1803. Eod. Reg. Aged 63.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, EARL Powis,
cre. May 14, 1804. Eod. Reg. Aged 76.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. and Rev. William, EARL NELson,
cre. Nov. 20, 1805. Eod. Reg. Aged 73.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Archibald, EARL of
Gosford, cre. Feb. 10, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 55.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Laurence, EARL of
Ross E, cre. Feb. 16, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
#. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-William, EARL
of CHARLEVILLE, cre. Feb. 16, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 66.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Herbert, EARL MANVERs,
cre. April 1, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Horatio, EARL of ORFord,
cre. April 1, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 47.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, EARL GREy,
cre. April 1, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 66.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, EARL of LoNSDALE,
cre. April 4, 1807. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Dudley, EARL of HARRowby,
cre. July 18, 1809. Eod. Reg. Aged 67.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, EARL of MULGRAve,
cre. Aug. 15, 1812. Administratione Regni Georgii Principis
Wallia. Aged 75.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, EARL of HAREwood,
cre. Aug. 15, 1812. Ead. Adm. Aged 62.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Gilbert, EARL of MINTo,
cre. Feb. 2, 1813. Ead. Adm. Aged 47.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Shaw, EARL CATHCART,
cre. June 18, 1814. Ead. Adm. Aged 51.
* Created BARoN Foxford, of the united kingdom, July 18, 1815.
t Created Viscount CLAN cARTY, of the united kingdom, Nov. 17, 1823.
Though entitled to sit in the House of Peers according to the above creations,
their Lordships choose to retain their rank as representative Earls of Ireland.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 15
162. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James-Walter, EARL of VERULAM,
cre. Sept. 13, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 55.
163. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, EARL BRowNLow,
cre. Sept. 13, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 50.
164. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, EARL of St. GERMANs,
cre. Sept. 13, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 64.
165. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, EARL of MoRLEY,
cre. Sept. 13, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 58.
166. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Augustus-Frederick-Henry, EARL
of BRADford, cre. Sept. 30, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 40.
167. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Reginald, EARL BEAUchAMP,
cre. Sept. 30, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 50.
168. H. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard, EARL of GLEN-
GALL, cre. Jan. 22, 1816. Ead. Adm. Aged 36.
169. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, EARL of ELDoN,
cre. July 6, 1821. Georgio Quarto reg. Aged 79.
170. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, EARL of FALMoUTH,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 43.
171. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard-William-Penn, EARL Howe,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 33.
172. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Somers, EARL SoMERs,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 70.
173. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Edward, EARL of STRAD-
BRoKE, cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 35.
174. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-William, EARL WANE,
cre. March 28, 1823. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
175. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Pitt, EARL AMHERst,
cre. Dec. 2, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 57.
176. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-William, EARL of DUDLEY,
cre. Sept. 24, 1827. Eod. Reg. Aged 48.
177. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Frederick, EARL of CAwpoR,
cre. Sept. 24, 1827. Eod. Reg. Aged 39.
EARLDoMs are the most ancient dignities in the Peerage of this
country; and, among the Saxons, Earl, or Ealderman, was the next
title to Atheling, or Prince. Eal, or Earl, in the Saxon signifies
noble; as Ealred, a man's name, noble man; Eadelman, or Ealder-
man (now Alderman), noble senator or counsellor. This dignity was
at one time invariably attached to the possession or government, or
both united, of a particular tract of land, thence termed Shire or Share,
signifying a division or proportion of the kingdom, which, from time
immemorial, was thus divided for its better or more easy government.
l6 HOUSE OF PEERS.
These districts or Earldoms, either during the stay of the Romans or
after the Norman conquest, had various other names to signify their
conquest, jurisdiction, &c.; as
Provincia or Satrapia, when such had been conquered, and was
governed by a military deputy or lieutenant.
Comitatus, or county (as Comitatus Oxoniensis, the county of
Oxford), when governed by a Count or Comes Imperii (a partner in
the government); in which case the laws generally were of the peo-
ple's own choosing, in the Comitia or Commons' Council, and the
Earl's or Count's revenue arose from the profits, that is, the third
penny, of all pleas in his court.
Comitatus Palatinus, or County Palatine, when the ruler was
Comes Palatii, or Palatinus (that is, Companion in the Palace, Royal
Count, or Count Palatine); in which case he became territorial pro-
prietor, was invested with royal authority and prerogative (jura rega-
lia, including royal services and estreats) within his own county or
Palatinate ; and administered the laws, both civil and criminal, in
his own name, for his own profit, and by his own officers : in fact
he was, in every respect, a King, only that he held his sovereignty
of a superior lord *.
Ditio, where there was no resident chief magistrate, but where the
laws were occasionally or periodically administered by a Court of
Justices-Itinerant delegated by the Prince for that purpose t.

* The Counties Palatine of England are Chester, Lancaster, and Durham :
which formerly had very great privileges, and were invested with an independent
jurisdiction, because they lay adjacent to enemies’ countries, viz. Wales and Scot-
land; so that the inhabitants might have administration of justice at home, and
remain there to secure the country from invasion.
The first Count Palatine in England was Hugo, nephew to William the Con-
queror, to whom was granted the Earldom of Chester, to hold with the same ad-
vantage of military tenure as the King himself held the crown of England. After-
wards, Edward the Third erected the County Palatine of Lancaster, with the title
of Duchy, with nearly the same privileges as those of Chester. The Bishopric of
Durham was likewise a County Palatine, as was also that of Ely, though some say
that the latter was only a royal franchise; but their jurisdictions were considerably
lessened from being invested in the Crown by the 27th of Henry VIII. chap. 24.
There is also mention made of the County Palatine of Hexham in 33rd of Henry
VIII. chap. 20, which at that period belonged to the Archbishop of York. By
the 14th of Elizabeth, however, it was dissolved, and made part of the county of
Northumberland.
t This was doubtless the origin of those Commission Justicers, or Justices in
Eyre, who were first appointed in 1176, to make a circuit round the kingdom once
in seven years, and afterwards, by Magna Charta, once in every year. The word
Eyre is synonymous with the French eire and the Latin iter or itiner, signifying a
journey. Another class of these itinerant Justices held their courts in the forests
every three years, where every thing was adjudged by forest-law only. The Jus-

HOUSE OF PEERS. 17
And Ager; as Ager Salopiensis, Eboracensis, et Cantianus (that
is, the Seigniories of Shropshire, Yorkshire, and Kent), where the
commons' laws were administered ; but where the Earl or Count had
a large tract of land as his own seignory or domain, and likewise
received the revenue of his government for his own use and profit.
There was still another officer with similar powers as regarded the
administration of justice, viz. the Comarchus, that is, Earl, Count,
Ruler, or Burgomaster of a city, whose jurisdiction extended no far-
ther than the walls or boundaries thereof, but who had for the whole
or part of his fee or salary a spot of ground or domain in the
suburbs”;-such was Leofrick, Earl of Coventry, husband of the cele-
brated Godiva, who rode naked through the streets of that city, to
preserve its privileges, and to save the inhabitants from an oppres-
sive tax f.
Comites, or Counts, are evidently of Norman introduction. Having
had bestowed upon them the government of the Shires or Provinces,
it is easy to see how these were converted into Counties. It is sin-
gular, however, that whilst the latter designation remains until the
present day, the original title of Earl has surmounted every attempt
at suppression, and survived the revolutions of conquest and time;
and that, too, although for ages the wives of such personages have
been styled Comitissae, or Countesses i.

tices in Eyre giving way to the present Judges of Assize, and having in the course
of time become sinecures, were decreed to be abolished by the 57th of George III.
c. 61. on the termination of the existing interests.
* At the head of the Comarchi was the Earl-Marshal of England, whose office
of presiding in various courts, as the King's representative, and within the precincts
of the palace, shows that the administration of the laws was essentially and insepa-
rably, connected with the dignity of Earl. This office, however, having become
hereditary, and consequently almost a mere dignity in the family of the Duke of
Norfolk, necessity occasionally compels the appointment of a temporary officer,
entitled the Lord High Steward of England, whose business it is to preside at coro-
nations, and on the trial of a Peer for high treason. Any of these particular duties
being ended, his commission expires: he then breaks his wand, and so puts an end
to his authority.
t Whilst on the subject, we must not omit the Counties Corporate. These
were certain cities, or ancient boroughs, on which the Kings of England bestowed
extraordinary privileges, similar to those of the Palatinates; annexing to them par-
ticular territories and jurisdiction. London was one of these; for at this day the
citizens choose their own sheriffs, &c., and possess their own civil and criminal
courts.
# There being no Saxon distinctive title for these females which denotes rank,
except the now common appellation of Ladies, is one proof among many that the
ancient dignities in this kingdom were merely official, and not hereditary, or even
for life. The consort of a King was certainly a Queen; but the wife of an Earl or
Thane derived no further honour from her husband's office than the lady of an
Archbishop or Field-Marshal does at the present day.



- D
18 HOUSE OF PEERS.
We have seen that the chief business of an Earl was the admini-
stration of justice to those over whom he ruled ; to this was joined a
military command like that of our lords lieutenant of counties. In
fact, this very ancient office and dignity assimilated in every respect
to that of governor-general of any of the British colonies, as at pre-
sent constituted.
But in the course of time, when Earldoms and other dignities be-
gan to be hereditary, and created by letters patent from the King,
the official duties ceased to be performed, whilst the titles and landed
revenues remained. At length, instead of being confined as before
to the counties and principal towns, these titles became extended,
in consequence of the number of Earls, to villages, family estates, and
eVeil SurnameS.
The King officially addresses an Earl as his “Right trusty and
right well-beloved Cousin;” and, in some instances, “Puissant Prince.”
The parliamentary robes and cap of this class of nobility differ
from those of Dukes and Marquesses, merely in having only three
guards of ermine and gold lace on each shoulder. Their coronation
robes differ only in the same slight degree; but their coronets, which
are of gold, and lined with velvet and ermine, have pearls raised on
very high points, with strawberry leaves between, upon small eleva-
tions of the circlet or band. The Lord Treasurer, Robert Cecil,
Earl of Salisbury, is said to have been the first Earl who wore a
coronet: but there can be little doubt that Counts Palatine, at least,
wore this emblem of nobility or royalty long before the time of
Elizabeth.
VISCOUNTS.
178. His Lordship, the Right Honourable Henry, Viscount HERE-
Ford, cre. Feb. 2, 1549, Edwardo Sewto regnante. Aged 53.
179. §. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, Wiscount AR-
BUTHNor, cre. Nov. 16, 1641. Carolo Primo reg. Aged 52.
180. ś. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, Viscount STRATH-
ALLAN, cre. Sept. 6, 1686. Jacobo Septimo Scotia (Secundo
Anglia) reg. - Aged 63.
181. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, Viscount St. John AND
Boling BRoKE, cre. July 8, 1712. Anna regnante. Aged 44.
182. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, Viscount TorriNgtoN,
cre. Sept. 10, 1721. Georgio Primo reg. Aged 62.
183. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Augustus-Frederick, Viscount
LEINSTER, cre. Feb. 17, 1746. Georgio Secundo reg.
Aged 38.
HOUSE OF PEERS, 19
184. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, Viscount Count ENAY,
cre. May 6, 1762. Georgio Tertio reg. Aged 61.
185. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, Viscount MAYNARD,
cre. Oct. 28, 1766. Eod. Reg. Aged 44.
186. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Hayes, Viscount DoNERAILE,
cre. June 22, 1785. Eod. Reg. Aged 44.
187. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Thomas, Viscount Sydney,
cre. June 9, 1789. Eod. Reg. Aged 66.
188. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, Wiscount Hood,
cre. June 1, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 76.
189. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert-Dundas, Viscount DuNCAN,
cre. Oct. 30, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 45.
190. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward-Jervis, Viscount St.
VINCENT, cre. April 21, 1801. Eod. Reg.
191. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert, Viscount MELVILLE,
cre. Dec. 24, 1802, Eod Reg. Aged 59.
192. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, Viscount SIDMoUTH,
cre. Jan. 12, 1805. Eod. Reg. Aged 73.
193. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas-William, Wiscount ANson,
cre. Feb. 17, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 34.
194. 3.33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert-Edward, Wiscount
LoR Ton, cre. May 30, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 56.
195. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis-Gerard, WiscouxT LAKE,
cre. Oct. 31, 1807. Eod. Reg. Aged 58.
196. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, Viscount Go Roon,
cre. June 18, 1814. Administratione Regni Georgii Principis
Wallia. Aged 46.
197. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Granville, Wiscount GRANville,
cre. July 15, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 56.
198. 3. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, Wiscount GoRT,
cre. Jan. 22, 1816. Ead. Adm. Aged 62.
199. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, Wiscount ExMouTH,
cre. Sept. 21, 1816, Ead. Adm. Aged 71.
200. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, Viscount HUTcHINsoN,
cre. July 9, 1821, Georgio Quarto reg. Aged 73.
201. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Carr, Viscount BEREs-
For D, cre. March 28, 1823, Eod. Reg. Aged 60.
202. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Stapleton, Viscount CoMBER-
MERE, cre. Dec. 2, 1826, Eod. Reg. Aged 61.
203. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Frederick-John, Wiscount GodE-
Rich, cre. April 25, 1827, Eod. Reg. Aged 47.
The etymology of Viscount is Vice-Comes; that is, Deputy Earl or
Count; in other words, sheriff of a county. This rank of nobility
20
HOUSE OF PEERS.
first became a mere dignity in the person of John, Viscount Beaumont,
who was so created by letters-patent from King Henry VI. in the
year 1440. Viscounts have ever since been so created, either with
or without a barony. They are officially addressed by the Sovereign
as his “Right trusty and well-beloved cousins.” A Wiscount's robes
differ from those of the ranks above him in having two guards only
on each shoulder, and those of plain white fur, without gold lace.
His cap is the same; but his coronet is distinguished from all others
by having fourteen pearls resting close to each other on the upper
edge of the golden circlet.
204.
205.
206.
207.
208.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
217.
218.
BISHOPS.
The Right Honourable and Right Reverend Father in God,
Charles-James, Lord Bishop of LoNDoN, consecrated in 1824.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, William, Lord Bishop of DURHAM,
cons. in 1819.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Charles-Richard, LoRD Bishop of
WINCHESTER, cons, in 1826.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Folliott-Herbert, LoRD Bishop
of WorcestER, cons. in 1797.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Henry-William, Lord Bishop of
BANGoR, cons. in 1800.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, George-Isaac, LoRD Bishop of
HEREFoRD, cons. in 1802.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Thomas, Lord Bishop of SALis-
EURY, cons, in 1803.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Henry, LoRD Bishop of Norwich,
cons. in 1805.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Bowyer-Edward, Lord Bishop of
ELY, cons, in 1809.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, George-Henry, LoRD Bishop of
BATH AND WELLs, cons. in 1812.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, George, Lord Bishop of Ro-
cHESTER, cons. in 1813.
The Hon. and Rt. Rev. Father in God, Henry, Lord Bishop
of Lichfield AND CovenTRY, cons. in 1815. Aged 53.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Herbert, LoRD BIs HoP of PETER-
Borough, cons, in 1816.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, John, Lord Bishop of LINcoLN,
cons, in 1820.
The Rt. Rev. Father in God, William, Lord Bishop of Sr.
AsAPH, cons, in 1820.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 21
219. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Christopher, Lord Bishop of
ExETER, cons, in 1824.
220. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, James-Henry, Lord Bishop of
GLoucestER, cons. in 1830.*
221. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Robert-James, LoRD Bishop of
CHICHESTER, cons. in 1824.
222. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, John-Banks, LoRD Bishop of ST.
DAVID's, cons. in 1825.
223. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Robert, Lord Bishop of BRIs Tol,
cons. in 1827.
224. The Hon. and Rt. Rev. Father in God, Hugh, Lord Bishop of
CARLISLE, cons. in 1827. Aged 48.
225. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, Edward, LoRD Bishop of LLAN-
DAFF, cons. in 1827.
226. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, John, LoRD Bishop of CHESTER,
cons. in 1828.
227. The Hon. and Rt. Rev. Father in God, Richard, LoRD Bishop
of Oxford, cons, in 1829. Aged 48.
228. H. 33.33. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, James, LoRD Bishop
of DRomoRE, cons. in 1820.
229. #. 33.33. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, William, LoRD Bishop
of RAPHoe, cons, in 1822.
230. H. li. 33. The Rt. Rev. Father in God, John, LoRD Bishop of
LIMERICK, ARDFERT, AND AGHADoE, cons, in 1822.
The word Bishop (from the Greek Eruokoroc) means an inspector,
or superintendent; and was anciently applied by the Athenians to
those magistrates who had the inspection of the burghers. The
Jews and Romans had officers who performed similar duties; but
how and when Bishops began to have the government of church
affairs is at present unknown.
A Bishop has power and authority, within his own see or diocese
(besides his sacred functions), to inspect the morals of the clergy
and people, and to reform them by ecclesiastical censure ; for which
purpose he has courts under him, which are holden by his chancellor.
It is also the business of the Bishop to ordain, admit, and institute
priests; likewise to grant licences for marriages, to consecrate
churches and burial-grounds, and to confirm, suspend, or excommu-
nicate. The Bishops of England and Wales are all Lords of Parlia-
ment, except the Bishop of Sodor and Man, who seems to be ex-
cluded the privilege of sitting in parliament from being nominated to
his office by the Duke of Athol, as lord of the Isle of Man, All
22 HOUSE OF PEERS.
other prelates are nominated by his Majesty himself, except when he
pleases to give the congé d'élire to the dean and chapter of a cathe-
dral or collegiate church to elect a bishop of their own choice. The
Bishops of Ireland sit in the House of Peers by rotation, ranking
next after the English Bishops *.
By act of Parliament in the 31st year of Henry VIII. it was set-
tled that Bishops should rank immediately after Viscounts, and have
precedence of all Barons. Among themselves, the Bishops of Lon-
don, Durham, and Winchester, take the precedence of all others—
the rest taking place according to their priority of consecration. That
London should have the precedence of all other Bishops is not to be
wondered at, seeing that he is not only by his office, the Provincial
Dean of Canterbury, but also that his own Diocese contains the im-
perial and capital city of England.
The Bishop of Winchester's precedence, likewise, is owing to his
office under the Archbishop; being Sub-Dean of the Province of
Canterbury; and it being his duty, in case the See of London be
vacant, to execute the Archbishop's mandates for Convocation, &c.
The Lord Bishop of Durham, however, enjoys his pre-eminence on
a different account. Besides his prelatical jurisdiction, he is also
Count Palatine of Durham; his predecessors were Prince-bishops,
and he himself performs many of the lay functions of the Earls or
Princes of former times. By way of high distinction, he is still
entitled PRAEsul, DUNELMENsis, whilst all the other English prelates
(except the Archbishops) are merely Episcopi f.
* The cycle by which the Irish prelates are guided is for twelve consecutive ses-
sions, and is so arranged, that each Archbishop sits once in every four, and each
Bishop once in every siw sessions; thus,
1830 - - - Dublin, Raphoe, Limerick, and Dromore.

1831 - - - Cashel, Elphin, Down, Waterford.
1832 - - - Tuam, Ferns, Cloyne, Cork.
1833 – - - Armagh, Killaloe, Kilmore, Clogher.
1834 - - - Dublin, Ossory, Killala, Clonfert.
1835 — - - Cashel, Meath, Kildare, Derry.
1836 - - - Tuam, Raphoe, Limerick, Dromore.
1837 - - - Armagh, Elphin, Down, Waterford.
1838 - - - Dublin, Ferns, Cloyne, Cork.
1839 – - - Cashel, Killaloe, Kilmore, Clogher.
1840 - - - Tuam, Ossory, Killala, Clonfert.
1841 - - - Armagh, Meath, Kildare, Derry.
+ It is curious to remark the very many chains of connexion which still subsist
between the dignities and rites of Christianity and those of ancient Paganism. As
his holiness the Pope is the successor of the Pontifex Maximus, or rather of the
popa or butcher-priest, who slew and offered up the sacrifices in ancient Rome, so is
HOUSE OF PEERS. 23
But it is not as ecclesiastics merely that the Bishops sit in the
House of Peers: they are also Barons. Before the Conquest, the
Bishops and Abbots held their lands without any obligation of se-
cular service, but merely or purposes of religion and hospitality.
William the Conqueror and his successors altered this state of things,
and put them under the same obligations of military service as lay-
men. By the Constitutions of Clarendon” (that is, in the 10th year
of Henry II.), it was expressly declared that the Archbishops,
Bishops, and Abbots should hold their lands as baronies; that is,
that they should be tenants in capite to the King ; and as such that
they should have the privilege of sitting in the King's Court, or Great
Council of the nation. They were, however, exempted from doing
homage for their baronies, and were bound only to take the oath
of fealty to the King. The prelates have always since attended in
their places, and voted upon every subject that has been brought
before the Lords, except in trials for high treason, and other cases
of a criminal nature. On such occasions they never attend, nor
vote; such judicial assumption being considered inconsistent with
the spirit of the Gospel which they profess to teach. The first
instance which we have on record of this kind occurred in 1338;
on which occasion, divers Lords and others being accused of treason,
and other misdemeanours, the prelates absented themselves during
the trial, having first made a protestation, saving their right to be
present in Parliament.
the Right Reverend Father in God, the Lord Bishop of Durham, successor to the
Praesul or high-priest of the temple of Mars, whose business it was to precede and
lead the chorus of the Salii or dancing priests in their processions through the
streets during public festivals; particularly at the Hilaria, or Festa Matris Deûm,
which was kept with great pomp and ceremony on the 8th of the calends of May,
or the time of the vernal equinox, when the day first begins to grow longer than
the night;-answering to our 25th of March (Lady-day), or the annunciation of
the blessed Virgin Mary. This Magna Mater, or Magna Dea, was Cybele, who
was also known and worshipped as Ops, Rhea, and Vesta. She was the daughter
of Coelum and Terra, the wife of Saturn, and mother of Jupiter. Her priests were
the Corybantes, of whom the Salii were the principal sect or class; and she was
worshipped by the sound of drum, tabor, pipe, and cymbal. At the above festival,
the Praesul, armed with a buckler or shield, went before, dancing to the sound of
these instruments and of his own voice; throwing himself into the most graceful
attitudes, and with peculiar agility curvetting and turning round upon his toe, per-
forming what in modern parlance is termed the pirouette. (Saliis, ancylia per ur-
bem cantu et tripudiis circumferentibus, prairet, et choream duceret.)
* The Constitutions of Clarendon were certain ordinations or decrees made in
1164, in a great council held at Clarendon; in which the King restrained the power
of the Pope and clergy in England, whereby the exemptions of the latter from the
secular jurisdiction were greatly abridged.



24 HOUSE OF PEERS.
For the management of the affairs of the church, the clerical body
had a parliament or representative assembly of their own, which was
deemed competent to govern and make laws for all the clergy in the
kingdom, both secular and regular". This miniature parliament was
styled the CoNvocation ; being convened by the King's writ to the
Archbishop of each province, requiring him to summon all his suffragan
and other bishops, deacons, archdeacons, &c. In this assembly, the
Archbishop of Canterbury presided with regal state. The upper
house of Bishops resembled the House of Lords; whilst the lower
one was composed of the delegates from the inferior clergy, and re-
sembled the House of Commons, with its knights of the shire and
burgesses. A CoNvocation was convened, prorogued, and dissolved
by the King ; and the members of both houses had the same
privileges for themselves and servants as members of parliament
have during the time of their session. But its mimic assemblies are
now only pro forma, the affairs of the church being generally managed
by the Imperial Parliament f.
The parliamentary costume of the Archbishops and Bishops is the
rochet, or surplice, with lawn sleeves, and a square black cap. At
coronations, the Archbishop of Canterbury wears, in addition, a
superb cope, which reaches from his shoulders down to his feet.
The mitre, crosier, &c. have been laid aside since the Reformation,
and are now merely painted on their coats of arms.
* These regulations, otherwise styled the Canon Law, form a body of Roman
ecclesiastical law, relative to all matters over which that church assumed jurisdiction;
being compiled from the opinions of the fathers, the decrees of general councils, and
the decretal epistles and bulls of the several Popes. At the great change which took
place in the church establishment during the reigns of Henry VIII. and Elizabeth,
it was enacted by the Parliament, that a review of the canon law should forthwith
be made; and until the same was completed, the canon law, as it stood—not being
repugnant to the law of the land, nor to the royal prerogatives—should continue in
force. This review, however, has never yet been made; consequently on these
statutes of Henry and Elizabeth depends the authority of the canon law in England.
These canons bind both clergy and laity. Not so those enacted by the clergy
themselves in convocation, in the year 1603. The latter were confirmed by the
King only (James I.) and not by the parliament; consequently the clergy, only, are
bound by them.
t The affairs of the Church of Scotland, however, are still inspected and con-
trolled by its own General Assembly only; consisting of clerical and lay dele-
gates from each presbytery or district of parishes. In this assembly a lord com-
missioner from the King presides as his representative, and all acts passed by it
are binding on the Clergy and people of Scotland,

HOUSE OF PEERS. 25
231.
232.
238.
239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
244.
245.
BARONS.
His Lordship, the Right Honourable Thomas, BARon LE
DEspence R", cre. June 3, 1269. Henrico Tertio regnante.
Aged 63.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward-Southwell, BARon DE
CLIF Ford, cre. Dec. 29, 1269. Eod. Reg. Aged 63.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-John, BARoN AUDLEY,
cre. Jan. 26, 1296. Edwardo Primo reg. Aged 47.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert-Cotton-St.-John, BARoN
CLINToN, cre. Feb. 6, 1298. Eod. Reg. Aged 43.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARoN DACRE,
cre, Nov. 15, 1307. Edwardo Secundo reg. Aged 56.

. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Peter-Robert, BARoN WILLough By
DE EREsBY AND Gwydyr, cre. June 27, 1314. Eod. Reg. and
June 16, 1796. Georgio Tertio regnante. Aged 48.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARon Stourton,
cre. May 13, 1448. Henrico Sea to reg. Aged 54.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-Peyto, BARoS WILLough By
DE BRoKE, cre. Aug. 12, 1492. Henrico Septimo reg.
Aged 57.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Kenneth-Alexander, BARoN
HowARD of EFFINGHAM, cre. May 15, 1553. Edwardo Serto
reg. Aged 52.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. St.-Andrew, BARoN SAINT-John of
BLETsoe, cre. Jan. 13, 1558. Elizabetha reg. Aged 18.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Augustus, BARoN HowARD
DE WALDEN, cre. May 14, 1597. Eod. Reg. Aged 31.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Francis-Henry, BARoN
PETRE, cre. July 21, 1603. Jacobo Primo reg. Aged 37.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-William, BARon SAYE AND
SELE, cre. Aug. 9, 1603. Eod. Reg. Aged 61.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Everard, BARon ARUNDEL of
WARDouR, cre. May 4, 1605, Eod. Reg. Aged 43.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARoS CLIFToM,
cre, July 9, 1608. Eod. Reg. Aged 62.
* Though this nobleman ranks as Premier Baron of England, his is not the
premier barony; that dignity appertaining, by priority of creation, to the Right
Honourable Charlotte, BARoNESS DE Ros-For particulars, see the List of
Peeresses in their own Right, following immediately after that of the Barons; also
the Alphabetical Accounts of the Peers and Peeresses of England, Great Britain,
and the United Kingdom.
F.
26
HOUSE OF PEERS.
246.
247.
248.
249.
250.
25l.
252.
253.
254.
255.
259.
260.
261.
262.
263.
264.
265.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Thaddeus, BARoN DoRMER,
cre. June 30, 1615. Eod. Reg. Aged
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-Francis, BARon TEYNHAM,
cre. July 9, 1616. Eod Reg. Aged 62.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-William, BARon STAFFord,
cre. Sept. 12, 1640. Carolo Primo reg. Aged 59.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Anson, BARon ByRoN,
cre. Oct. 24, 1643. Eod. Reg. Aged
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARon CLIF Ford of
CHUDLEIGH, cre. April 22, 1672. Carolo Secundo reg.
Aged 70.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Granville, BARon Gower,
cre. May 16, 1703. Anna reg. Aged 43.
§. li. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James-Ochoncar, BARoN
For BEs, cre. Anno 1440. Jacobo Secundo Scotia reg, Aged 65.
§. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Alexander-George, BARon
SALToun AND ABERNETHY, cre. Jan. 23, 1445. Eod. Reg.
Aged 54.
ãº. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis, BARoN GRAY,
cre. Anno 1445. Eod. Reg. Aged 64.
3. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARoN SINCLAIR,
cre. Jan. 26, 1489. Jacobo Quarto Scotia reg. Aged 62.
. §. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARoN Colville,
cre. April 25, 1609. Jacobo Sewto Scotia reg. Aged 62.
. §. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-John, BARoN
NAPIER, cre. May 4, 1627. Carolo Primo reg. Aged 43.
. §. 33. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert-Montgomery,
BARoN BELHAvºn AND STENToN, cre. Dec. 15, 1647. Eod.
Reg. Aged 37.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edmund, BARon Boyle,
cre. Sept. 10, 1711. Anna regnante. Aged 62.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas-Robert, BARoN HAY,
cre. Dec. 31, 1711. Eod. Reg. Aged 45.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, BARoN MIDDLEToN,
cre. Jan. 1, 1712. Eod. Reg. Aged 69.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Peter, BARon KING,
cre. May 29, 1725. Georgio Primo reg. Aged 54.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-George, BARon Monson,
cre. May 28, 1728. Georgio Secundo reg. Aged 21.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, BARon MontroRD,
cre. May 9, 1741. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Frederick, BARON Ponsonby of
Syson By, cre. June 12, 1749. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 27
266. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Lewis-Richard, BARoN SoNDEs,
cre. May 22, 1760. Eod. Reg. Aged 38.
267. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas-Philip, BARoN GRANTHAM,
cre. April 7, 1761. Georgio Tertio reg. Aged 48.
268. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Nathaniel, BARoN SCARspALE,
cre. April 9, 1761. Eod. Reg. Aged 79.
269. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARon Boston,
cre. April 10, 1761. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
270. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-Richard, BARon Holland
of Holland AND FoxLEY, cre. May 6, 1762. Eod. Reg.
Aged 56.
271. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARoN LovEL AND Hol-
LAND of ENMoRE, cre. May 7, 1762. Eod. Reg. Aged 63.
272. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Charles, BARon VERNoN,
cre. May 12, 1762. Eod. Reg. Aged 50.
273. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARoN DucIE,
cre. April 27, 1763. Eod. Reg. Aged 54.
274. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-William, BARon SunDRIDGE
AND HAMILTON, cre. Dec. 22, 1766. Eod. Reg. Aged 62.
275. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward-William, BARoN HAwkE,
cre. May 20, 1776. Eod. Reg. Aged 30.
276. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARon Foley,
cre. May 20, 1776. Eod. Reg. Aged 49.
277. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Talbot, BARon DyNEvoR,
cre. Oct. 17, 1780. Eod. Reg. Aged 64.
278. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARoN WALsinghAM,
cre. Oct. 17, 1780. Eod. Reg. Aged 53.
279. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARon Bagot,
cre. Oct. 17, 1780. Eod. Reg. Aged 56.
280. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARoN SouTHAMPtoN,
cre. Oct. 17, 1780. Eod. Reg. Aged 25.
281. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Fletcher, BARoN GRANTLEy,
cre. April 9, 1782. Eod. Reg. Aged 33.
282. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARoN Rod NEY,
cre. June 19, 1782. Eod. Reg. Aged 47.
283. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARoN CARTERET,
cre. Jan. 29, 1784. Eod. Reg. Aged 60.
284. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas Noel, BARoN BER wick,
cre. May 19, 1784. Eod. Reg. Aged 59.
285. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARoN SHERBorn E,
cre. May 20, 1784. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
286. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-James, BARon MonTAGU,
cre. Aug. 8, 1786. Eod. Reg. Aged 53.
28
HOUSE OF PEERS.
287.
288.
289.
290.
291.
292.
293.
2.94.
295.
296.
297.
298.
299.
300.
301.
302.
303.
304.
305.
306.
307.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, BARoN Tyrone,
cre. Aug. 8, 1786, Eod. Reg. Aged 19.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, BARoN CARLEToN,
cre. Aug. 8, 1786. Eod. Rey. Aged 58.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, BARoN SUFFIELD,
cre. Aug. 8, 1786. Eod. Reg. Aged 48.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Guy, BARoN DoR chESTER,
cre. Aug. 8, 1786. Eod. Reg. Aged 18.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARoN KENyon,
cre. June 9, 1788. Eod. Reg. Aged 53.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard, BARoN BRAYBRookE,
cre. Sept. 5, 1788. Eod. Reg. Aged 46.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Augustus, BARoN Fish ER-
wick, cre. July 3, 1790. Eod. Reg. Aged 60.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Archibald, BARon Douglas,
cre. July 8, 1790. Eod. Reg. Aged 57.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-Hall, BARoN GAGE,
cre. Nov. 1, 1790. Eod. Reg. Aged 38.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Wyndham, BARon
GRENVILLE, cre. Nov. 25, 1790. Eod. Reg. Aged 70.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward-Thomas, BARoS THURLow,
cre. June 12, 1792. Eod. Reg. Aged 15.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARon Auckland,
cre. May 22, 1793. Eod. Reg. Aged 45.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Henry, BARon Lytt LEToN,
cre. Aug. 13, 1794. Eod. Reg. Aged 48.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-Welbore, BARoN MENDIP,
cre. Aug. 13, 1794. Eod. Reg. Aged 69.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry-John, BARoN SELSEY,
cre. Aug. 13, 1794. Eod. Reg. Aged 42.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Laurence, BARon DUNDAs,
cre. Aug. 13, 1794. Eod. Reg. Aged 64.
His Lordship, the Right Hon. Charles, BARoN YARBorough,
cre. Aug. 13, 1794. Eod. Reg. Aged 48.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis, BARON STUART of CASTLE
STEwART, cre. June 4, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 59.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. BARon STEwART of GARLIEs,
cre. June 6, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 62.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James-George, BARoN SALTERs-
Ford, cre. June 7, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 64.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Christopher, BARon DAwNAy,
cre. June 9, 1796, Eod. Reg. Aged 65.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 29
308. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARoN BRodrick,
cre. June 11, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 75.
309. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARoN CALTHoRPE,
cre. June 15, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 42.
310. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis, BARoN DE DUNSTANvil LE
AND BAssET, cre. June 17, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 72.
311. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARON Rolle,
cre. June 20, 1796. Eod. Reg. Aged 73.
312. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard, BARoN WELLEsley,
cre. Oct. 20, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 70.
313. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert, BARoN CARRINGToN,
cre. Oct. 20, 1797, Eod. Reg. Aged 78.
314. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. and Reverend Henry-William,
BARoN BAYNING, cre. Oct. 20, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 32.
3.15. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARon Bolton,
cre. Oct. 20, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 47.
316. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon Wodehouse,
cre. Oct. 26, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 89.
317. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon Northwick,
cre. Oct. 26, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 60.
3.18. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas-Atherton, BARon LILFoRD,
cre. Oct. 26, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 28.
319. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARon RIBBLEs DALE,
cre. Oct. 26, 1797. Eod. Reg. Aged 40.
320. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon FitzGIBBoN,
cre. Sept. 24, 1799. Eod. Reg. Aged 37.
321. 3. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon CARBERRY,
cre. May 9, 1715. Georgio Primo regnante. Aged 64.
322. 3. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon FARNHAM,
cre. May 6, 1756. Georgio Secundo reg. Aged 63.
323. 3. li. 33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James-Stevenson, BARon
DUFFERIN AND CLANEBoyE, cre. July 30, 1800. Georgio Tertio
reg. Aged 74.
324. H. 13.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, BARoS DUNALLY,
cre. July 31, 1800. Eod. Reg. Aged 55.
325. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARon Moore,
cre. Jan. 17, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 59.
326. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon Loftus,
cre. Jan. 19, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 60.
327. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARoN CARysFort,
cre. Jan. 21, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 55.
328. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARon ALyANLEy,
cre. May 22, 1801, Eod. Reg. Aged 41.
30
HOUSE OF PEERS.
3.29.
330.
331.
332.
333.
334.
335.
336.
337.
338.
339.
340.
341.
342.
343.
344.
345.
346.
347.
348.
349.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARon ABERcroMBIE,
cre. May 28, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 59.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Alleyne, BARon ST. HELEN's,
cre. July 31, 1801. Eod. Reg. Aged 77.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Thomas, BARoN RED Espalº,
cre. Feb. 15, 1802. Eod. Reg. Aged 25.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Horace, BARon Rivers,
cre. April 1, 1802. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, BARon ELLENBoRough,
cre. April 11, 1802. Eod. Reg. Aged 40.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-George, BARoS ARDEN,
cre. July 28, 1802. Eod. Reg. Aged 73.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Augustus-Frederick-Charles,
BARoN SHEFFIELD, cre. July 29, 1802. Eod. Reg. Aged 28.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Noel, BARoN BARHAM,
cre. April 27, 1805. Eod. Reg. Aged 48.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. David-Montagu, BARoN ERskINE,
cre. Feb. 10, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 54.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Howe-Peter, BARon Monte AGLE,
cre. Feb. 20, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 42.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Archibald, BARoN ARD Ross AN,
cre. Feb. 21, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 17.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, BARoN LAUDERDALE,
cre. Feb. 22, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 71.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARON GRANARD,
cre. Feb. 24, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 70.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon CREwe,
cre. Feb. 25, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 52.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon Ponsonby of IMo-
KILLY, cre. Mar. 13, 1806, Eod. Reg. Aged 60.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Archibald, BARoN AILsA,
cre. Nov. 4, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARon BREADALBANE,
cre. Nov. 4, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 68.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Alan-Legge, BARon GARDNER,
cre. Nov. 15, 1806. Eod. Reg. Aged 20.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARon MANNERs,
cre. April 14, 1807. Eod. Reg. Aged 74.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, BARON GAMBIER,
cre. Nov. 3, 1807. Eod. Reg. Aged 73.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John, BARoN HoPEToux AND
NIDDRy, cre. Jan. 28, 1809. Eod. Reg. Aged 26.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 31
350. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARon LynEDoch,
cre. May 3, 1814. Administratione Regni Georgii Principis
Wallia?. Aged 80.
351. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Rowland, BARoN HILL,
cre. May 3, 1814. Eadem Administratione. Aged
352. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARon DALHousie,
cre. July 18, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 59.
353. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARon MELDRUM,
cre. July 18, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 69.
354. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARon Ross,
cre. July 18, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 64.
355. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARoN MELBourne,
cre. July 18, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 51.
356. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis-Almeric, BARon
CHURCHILL, cre. July 18, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 50.
357. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARon HARRIs,
cre. July 18, 1815. Ead. Adm. Aged 48.
358. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Algernon, BARon PRUDHoe,
cre. August 14, 1816. Ead. Adm. Aged 37.
359. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARon ColchestER,
cre. May 13, 1817. Ead. Adm. Aged 32.
360. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-William-Robert, BARon KER,
cre. July 9, 1821. Georgio Quarto regnante. Aged 36.
361. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, BARon ORMoNDE,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 55.
362. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Francis, BARon WEMyss,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. - Aged 58.
363. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert, BARoN CLANBRAssiL,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
364. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, BARon GLENLyon,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 48.
365. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARoN MARyBorough,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 67.
366. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas-Henry, BARoN ORIEL,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged
367. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARoN Stowell,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 84.
368. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas-Henry, BARon Ravens-
worth, cre, July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 55.
369. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARoN DELAMERE,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 63.
370.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-George, BARoN ForestER,
cre. July 9, 1821. Eod. Reg. Aged 44.

32
HOUSE OF PEERS.
371.
372.
373,
374.
375.
376.
377.
378.
379.
380.
381.
382.
383.
384.
386.
387.
388.
389.
390.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Nicholas, BARoN BExLEy,
cre. Feb. 15, 1823. Eod. Reg. Aged 64.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert-Francis, BARon GIF Ford,
cre, Jan. 28, 1824. Eod. Rey. Aged 13.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Percy-Clinton-Sydney, BAR on
PENSHURST, cre. Oct. 28, 1824. Eod. Reg. Aged 49.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Ulick-John, BARon SoMER HILL,
cre. June 13, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 27.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, BARon W1GAN,
cre. June 13, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 47.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARon RANFURLy,
cre. June 13, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 75,
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARon FARNBoRough,
cre. June 13, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 70.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, BARoN DE TABLEY,
cre. June 13, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 18.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James-Archibald, BARon WHARN-
cLIFFE, cre. June 13, 1826. Eod. Rey. Aged 53.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARoN FEveRsh AM,
cre. June 13, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 65.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles-Rose, BARoN SEAFord,
cre, June 13, 1826. Eod. Reg. Aged 58.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-Singleton, BARONLYNDHURST",
cre. April 23, 1827. Eod. Reg. Aged 58.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. James, BARON FIFE,
cre. April 25, 1827. Eod. Reg. Aged
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARoS TENTERDEN,
cre. April 25, 1827. Eod. Reg. Aged 67.
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Conyngham, BARoN
PLUNKET, cre. April 25, 1827. Eod. Reg. Aged 65.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARoN MELRose,
cre. July 5, 1827. Eod. Reg. Aged 50.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Henry, BARon CowLEy,
cre. Jan. 17, 1828. Eod. Rey. Aged 57.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Charles, BARoN STUART DE
Roth Esay, cre. Jan. 17, 1828. Eod. Reg. Aged 50.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William, BARon HEYTESBURY,
cre. Jan. 17, 1828. Eod. Reg. Aged 51.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Richard, BARoN CLAN william,
cre. Jan. 17, 1828. Eod. Reg. Aged 34.

* This nobleman's name and title are here inserted according to his baronial
rank;
though, as Lord High Chancellor, he is the official Speaker of the House,
and consequently ranks above all Peers below the Lord-Archbishop of Canterbury.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 33
391. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. John-George, BARoN DURHAM,
cre. Jan. 17, 1828. Eod. Reg. - Aged 38.
392. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Edward, BARon SKELMERs DALE,
cre. Jan. 17. 1828. Eod. Reg. Aged 59.
393. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas, BARon WALLAcE,
cre. Jan. 25, 1828, Eod. Rey. Aged
394. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Draper, BARon WYNEFor D,
cre. June 4, 1829. Eod. Reg. Aged .

The title of Baron in this kingdom is coeval with its conquest
by William Duke of Normandy; who, as a requital for the services
done him by his followers, in enabling him to overcome the reigning
and rightful King, Harold, and for assisting him to mount the English
throne, portioned out the kingdom into Lordships or Baronies, giving
to each a quantity of land, more or less, according to his deserts or
services".
These lands were held under the Crown by Feudal Tenure, that is,
conditionally, on the performance of certain services to the Kingf.
The ancient magistracies and dignities having been swept away
* It is well known that the title of Baron is likewise applied to those officers or
Judges who preside at causes in the Court of Exchequer between the King and
his subjects, relating to the revenue. There are also Barons of the Cinque Ports,
who are members of the Lower House of Parliament; and formerly, before there
was a Lord Mayor of London, the Chief Magistrates were styled Barons. In law
the husband is termed the Baron, and the wife the Femme.
t Feudal Tenure was an estate in land given by the Lord to his vassals, in lieu
of wages, upon condition of assisting the said Lord in his wars and in the Council;
that is, by attending him in the field with a certain quota of knights and men-at-
arms, according to the extent of territory, or by governing and defending particular
districts. The origin of such grants was, that Princes might be furnished with a
convenient number of soldiers when occasion required, and that the frontiers of
their dominions might be defended against an enemy. At first the feudal estates
were held absolutely at the will of the Lord; but, afterwards, they were made
hereditary; and Duchies, Earldoms, Baronies, &c. were granted absolutely to the
tenant, upon the condition of fealty and homage; the latter being obliged to appear
in the field upon his Lord's summons, to follow his standard, to protect his person,
and never to desert him upon the score of danger; also to pay aids and taxes:—
on non-performance of all or any of which the estate became forfeited. It was
about the year 990, that Hugh Capet, in order to secure to himself the good-will
of the great men of France, made their offices hereditary; whereas, formerly, from
the most remote antiquity, all magistracies and other honours had been conferred
upon select and deserving persons only, and were held merely during good behaviour.
The French nobility, in consequence, began to take their surnames from their prin-
cipal manors and lands, which they now held by Feudal Tenure. William the
Conqueror introduced these tenures into England; and the mode of granting them
was very ceremonious and solemn. In Germany, those that were considerable were
granted by delivery of a standard or banner; in France, by a ring and staff: the
latter was the mode adopted by William.



F.
34 - HOUSE OF PEERS,
by this new flood of nobility, the Barons were obliged to perform
many of their duties in their several districts; consequently they
held courts for the decision of causes and the punishment of crime,
in which capacity they supplied the places of the Saxon Thanes.
They also formed the Conqueror's Council or Parliament; for, William
seeing that there would be no security for him on the throne unless
there was something like a restoration of the great Council of the
nation, as it was under the Saxon Kings, formed a Council of his
own friends and dependents; knowing that no persons would so
readily further his designs of completely extinguishing the patriotism
and love for the rival dynasty, which still glowed in the hearts of the
people, as his feudal tenants.
William's Parliament then consisted of about seven hundred persons,
all tenants in chief of the Crown, as we find recorded in Doomsday-
Book". In process of time, however, so many of these were found
to have alienated their grants wholly or in part, and to have become
so impoverished, as to be unable to furnish the King with aids and
services as before ; consequently the privilege of sitting by right in
the King's Council began gradually to decay, and they were further
degraded into an inferior rank, being styled Barones Minores; those
only who retained their territories unspoiled, viz. the Barones Ma-
jores, being now in the habit of assisting in the legislative Councils
of the nation. Thus stood the case till the reign of Henry III., when
the system of plurality of Baronies prevailed to so great a degree,
and the Barones Majores were so few in number, that out of two
hundred and fifty Baronies, there was hardly one half which were
really possessed by the original tenants of the Crown. The con-
sequence was, that many disputes arising as to the right of the new
proprietors to sit in Parliament on account of having the tenure of
alienated Baronies, (and particularly in those cases where the Pluralist-
Barons, by bestowing them on their sons, contrived by such means
to strengthen their Parliamentary and other interests), it was at last

* In the time of Henry II. there were in England no less than 1115 Castles
belonging to the Feudal Barons, great and small, and each Castle had a Manor
attached to it. During the Civil Wars, however, many of these were demolished;
and it was the policy of Henry VII., during the whole of his long reign, to render
the towns large and populous, and to weaken the baronial interest throughout the
kingdom, by every means in his power, as his son did that of the Clergy. The
consequence is, that ruins, only, exist now to indicate the strongholds of the ancient
chieftains of England.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 35
settled that no Baron nor other Tenant should in future come to the
National Council who was not summoned thereto by the King's writ.
Thus, a great revolution was effected in the constitution of Parlia-
ment; for, a proprietorship of land, though still depending on fealty,
homage, and service to the Sovereign, no longer entitled the Lord to
take a part in his Councils. On the other hand the King's writ
(which was of course addressed principally to the Barones Majores)
not only entitled the person summoned to the rank of nobility, and
confirmed those already ennobled, but also conveyed with it an
hereditary right, for ever, to sit in the House of Peers. The only
Barons by Tenure, therefore, which remained, were the Lords Spi-
ritual, who, by having Baronies annexed to their Bishoprics, are thus
entitled to sit in the Upper House, as Lords of Parliament. With
them may be mentioned the Feudal Tenure of the Castle of Arundel,
which was specially confirmed by Act of Parliament, in the reign
of Charles I., in the right of conferring on its proprietor the dignity
and privileges of an Earl.
Barons by writ" are also styled Barons by prescription; because
they and their ancestors have continued Barons beyond the memory
of man; and they generally have their surnames added to the title of
Lord.—One summons and one sitting are sufficient to establish such
a Barony, and to render it heritable either by heirs male or female. In
cases where there is only one female and no male heir, the former
of course succeeds; but where there are two or more females, or
co-heiresses, neither can succeed during the lifetime of the other;
for the Barony is then said to fall into abeyance; or to be, for such
time, in a dormant state. This abeyance, in some cases, continues
not only during the lives of all the co-heiresses, but also during those
of their progeny male and female, perhaps for several generations;
that is, until the posterity of all but one becomes extinct; in which
case, the eldest male, or an only female, succeeds by prescription, as
the representative of the first Baron ; but if there be more than one
female, the Barony again falls into, or continues in, abeyance, as
before. The Sovereign, however, has the prerogative of terminating
at his pleasure an abeyance, in favour of any of the co-heirs, or co-
heiresses; but he cannot alienate the Barony to any other person, to
their prejudice; it being imperative that the dignity should be conferred
* A writ is a writing on parchment, signed by the King, closed with yellow wax
bearing the impression of the Great Seal of England.

36 HOUSE OF PEERS.
on one of them. When terminated in favour of a male, the custom is
to summon such person to take his seat in the House of Peers, by
the title of the dormant Barony: to an heiress, however, as the only
mode of confirming her right, letters-patent" are issued by the
Crown. The latter is likewise the course observed towards Peers
already in the House, but who may happen to become heirs to
Baronies in abeyance. Since the reign of Richard II. letters-patent
have superseded writs in the creation of Baronies and other Peerages;
for, thereby, the succession may be regulated according to the pleasure
of the Sovereign, or the wish of the person upon whom the dignity is
conferred, so as to make it hereditary on heirs male to perpetuity,
or to indicate by name the elder or younger sons, or brothers, or
nephews, and their heirs, to whom it shall descend; and in default
of issue in the line so indicated, such peerage becomes extinct. As
Barons by writ are styled “by prescription,” and as their surnames
are added to their titles; so, those by letters-patent (as well as
higher dignities) are styled “by creation,” and they have the names
of their Baronies (or otherwise) added to their rank of Peerage.
Notwithstanding the long discontinuance of writs of summons to
Parliaments in the creation of new Peerages, such are occasionally
resorted to when it is the Sovereign's pleasure to call up to the
House of Peers the eldest sons of Dukes, Marquesses, Earls, or
even Pluralist Barons:—such are always summoned in Baronies
belonging to their fathers; but the peerages are not thereby made
heritable. It is singular, that, in case a writ should issue to the
eldest son of a Peer, summoning him to appear in Parliament, in a
Barony not belonging to his father, though by mistake supposed to
be so, such writ is deemed a new creation, and heritable as a Barony
by writ; for the Sovereign cannot recall his act of grace.
When addressed officially by the Crown, Barons are styled “Right
trusty and well beloved."—Their robes and caps correspond with those
of Viscounts, in all respects, except that the former have only two
guards of white fur and gold lace on each shoulder. Their coronets,
which were granted to them in their present fashion by King Charles
the Second, have eight pearls set at equal distances on the circle.
Previously to his reign the Barons wore only plain circlets of gold.
* Letters-patent are open letters or writings, stamped with the Great Seal, con-
firming or protecting the grantee in the enjoyment of any new or disputed privilege.
HOUSE OF PEERS. 37
PEERESSES IN THEIR OWN RIGHT.
395. Her Ladyship, the Right Honourable Louisa, Count Ess of
MANs FIELD, cre. Oct. 31, 1778. Georgio Tertio reg. Aged 72.
396. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Amabella, Count Ess DE GREY,
cre. Sept. 11, 1816. Administratione Regni, Georgii Principis
Wallia. Aged 79.
397. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Joan, Viscount Ess CANNING,
cre. Jan. 17, 1828. Georgio Quarto reg. Aged
398. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Charlotte, BARoNEss DE Ros,
cre. Oct. 2, 1264. Henrico Tertio reg. Aged
399. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Harriet-Anne, BARoNEss Zouche,
cre. Jan. 13, 1308. Edwardo Secundo reg. Aged 43.
400. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Barbara, BARoNEss GREY DE
RUTHYN AND HASTINGs, cre. May 2, 1322. Eod. Reg. Aged 20.
401. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Sophia-Charlotte, BARoNEss Howe,
cre. Aug. 19, 1788. Georgio Tertio reg. Aged 68.
402. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Mary, BARoNEss SANDys,
cre. June 19, 1802. Eod. Reg. Aged
403. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Margaret, BARoNess KE1th,
cre. Sept. 17, 1802, Eod. Reg. Aged 42.
404. Her Ladyship, the Rt. Hon. Charlotte-Mary-Gertrude,
BARoNEss RAYLEIGH, cre. July 9, 1821. Georgio Quarto
regnante. Aged 72.
Peeresses in their own right (though their sex precludes them from
sitting in Parliament) have all the immunities, privileges of pre-
cedence, exemption from legal forms and restraints, &c. &c., which
are enjoyed by Peers of the same ranks. Their several dignities
have devolved upon these Ladies in the same manner as upon Peers
of the Realm; that is, by prescriptive or simple inheritance, or
creation by patent; and they descend in like manner to their
children. Some of them have succeeded to their titles on the
termination of abeyance in their Baronies; whilst others have been
created on account of the services in the field, on the ocean, or in
the council, of their deceased husbands.-The latter takes place,
generally, in pursuance of the previous intention of the Sovereign
to ennoble the meritorious individuals themselves; but the hand of
death interfering, the honours are conferred upon their widows or
children.

38 HOUSE OF PEERS.

ENUMERATION OF LORDS HAVING SEATS.
The total number of Lords Spiritual and Temporal, who have seats
in the House of Peers, is 393, according to the following rank of
precedence: viz.
4 Princes of the Blood Royal.
3 Archbishops.
19 Dukes.
22 Marquesses.
128 Earls.
26 Viscounts.
27 Bishops.
164 Barons.
Total, 393
Of whom fourteen are not qualified to sit; ELEvºN being MINors,
and three lunatic. Several Peers reside abroad in the qualities of
ambassadors, governors, &c. &c.
Or, they may be divided into the following classes :
4 Princes of the Blood.
2 English Archbishops.
19 English Dukes.
18 English Marquesses.
104 English Earls.
21 English Viscounts.
24 English Bishops.
153 English Barons.
viz. 2 Marquesses,
W 5 Earls,
2 Viscounts, and
7 Barons.
16 Scottish Representative Peers. *
1 Irish Archbishop.
3 Irish Bishops.
viz. 2 Marquesses,
º 19 Earls,
3 Viscounts, and
28 Irish Representative Peers.
& 4 Barons.
Total, 393

HOUSE OF PEERS, 39
OFFICERS AND CLERKS OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS.
Speaker, Baron Lyndhurst, Lord High Chancellor.
Chairman of Committees, Earl of Shaftesbury.
Clerk of the Parliaments, The Right Hon. Sir George Henry Rose,
who is also a Privy Councillor, and M. P. for Christchurch.
Clerk-Assistant, William Courtenay, William Atkinson Green,
Esq. Lionel Hill Thomson.
Additional Clerk-Assistant, Benjamin Librarian, Mr. John Frederick Leary.
Currey, Esq. Short-hand Writers, Mr. W. B.
Reading Clerk, and Clerk of the Gurney, and Mr. Joseph Gurney.
Private Committees, Charles Philip Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod,
Rose, Esq. Sir Thomas Tyrwhitt, Knt.*
Assistant Reading-Clerk, and Clerk of Yeoman-Usher, Robert Quarme, Esq.
Private Committees, John W. Birch, Esq. Sergeant-at-Arms, George F. Sey-
Counsel to the Chairman of Com- mour, Esq.t
mittees, Sir Edward Stracey, Bart. Deputy, Mr. William Butt, No. 1,
Clerk of the Journals, E. G. Wal- Abingdom-street.
misley, Esq. Receiver of Fees, Mr. Frederick Shells.
Copying-Clerk, Edw. Parratt, Esq. Messenger, Mr. Thomas Couch.
Clerk of Engrossments, Mr. Robert Principal Door-keepers—
Walmisley. Messrs. W. Burcher,
Clerk of Enrolments, Mr. Robert *C. Sutherland,
Harvey Strachan. T. Stamp,
Other Clerks in the Office— F. Shells,
Mr. Henry Stone Smith, who is also W. Wright,
Assistant Clerk to the Clerk of T. Wright, and
Private Committees, T. Luscombe.
William E. Walmisley, Eatra Door-keepers, Messrs. Plass,
John Fred. Leary, Granger, Wagner, Oldrini, and Pierre-
William Tubb, point.
George Dike, Housekeeper, Mrs. Brandish.
Francis Walmsley, Deputy, Miss Jane Wright.
LIST OF SCOTTISH AND IRISH NOBLES
Who sit in the House of Lords as English or British Peers, but
who are more commonly known by their national titles than by those
annewed—The latter honours, however, are the only ones which entitle
them to seats in PARLIAMENT.
Aberdeen, Earl of, S. P. . . Viscount Gordon, U. K.
Aboyne, Earl of, S. P. . . Baron Meldrum, U. K.
* The Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod derives his name from a black rod
which he carries in his hand, on the top of which sits a lion in gold. He attends
the House of Peers during the sitting of Parliament; and he keeps the Chapter-
house door, when a Chapter of the Order of the Garter is sitting. His habit is like
that of the Registrar of the Order, and of Garter King-at-Arms; but this he wears
only at the time of the Festival of St. George, and on the holding of Chapters.
t The office of Sergeants-at-Arms is to attend the King's person, to arrest
offenders of rank, and to attend on the Lord High Steward of England when he sits
in judgment on traitors; also on the Lord High Chancellor, the Lord Treasurer,
and on both Houses of Parliament, and, if need be, on the Lord Mayor of London.
Their number was limited to thirty by the 13th of Richard II. chap. 6. In old books
they are called virgatories, because they once carried silver rods, gilt, as they now do
maces. During the sitting of Parliament, one is constantly in attendance on each House.


40 HOUSE OF PEERS.
Argyll, Duke of, S. P. - : * and Hamilton,
Atholl, Duke of, S. P. . . Earl Strange, G. B.
Balcarras, Earl of, S.P. . Baron Wigan, U. K.
Besborough, Earl of I. P. . Baron Ponsonby of Sysonby, G. B.
º:º º * {Baron Breadalbane, U. K.
º, ºº {Earl of Doncaster, G. B.
Carysfort, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Carysfort, U. K.
Cassilis, Earl of, S. P. . . Baron Ailsa, U. K.
Clancarty, Earl of, I. P. . . Viscount Clancarty, U. K.
Clanricarde, Marquess of, I. P. Baron Somerhill, U. K.
Clanwilliam, Earl of, I. P. . Baron Clanwilliam, U. K.
Clare, Earl of, I. P. . . . Baron Fitzgibbon, G. B.
Clifden, Wiscount, I. P. . . Baron Mendip, G. B.
Conyngham, Marquess of, I. P. Baron Minster, U. K.
Cork and Orrery, Earl of, I. P. Baron Boyle, G. B.
Courtown, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Saltersford, G. B.
Dalhousie, Earl of, S. P. . . Baron Dalhousie, U. K.
Darnley, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Clifton, E. P.
Donegall, Marquess of, I. P. Baron Fisherwick, G. B.
Donoughmore, Earl of, I. P. . Viscount Huchinson, U. K.
Downe, Viscount, I. P. . . Baron Dawnay, G. B.
Downeshire, Marquess of, I.P. Earl of Hillsborough, G. B.
Drogheda, Marquess of, I. P. Baron Moore, U. K.
Eglintoun, Earl of, S. P. . Baron Ardrossan, U. K.
Egmont, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Lovell and Holland, G. B.
Ely, Marquess of, I. P. . . Baron Loftus, U. K.
Enniskillen, Earl of, I. P. . Baron Grinstead, U. K.
Ferrard, Viscount, I. P. . . Baron Oriel, U. K.
Fife, Earl of, I. P. . . . Baron Fife, U. K.
Gage, Viscount, I. P. . . . Baron Gage, G. B.
Galloway, Earl of, S. P. . . Baron Stewart of Garlies, G. B.
Glasgow, Earl of, S. P. . . Baron Ross, U. K.
Gordon, Duke of, S. P. . . Earl of Norwich, G. B.
Gower, Earl. E. P. *} Baron Gower, G. B.
Title - - -
Granard, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Granard, U. K.
Haddington, Earl of, S. P. . Baron Melrose, U. K.
HOUSE OF PEERS, 4]
Hamilton, Duke of, S. P. . Duke of Brandon, E. P.
Hopetoun, Earl of, S. P. . . Baron Hopetoun and Niddry, U.K.
Kingston, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Kingston, U. K.
Kinnoul, Earl of, S. P. . . Baron Hay, G. B.
Lauderdale, Earl of, S. P. . Baron Lauderdale, U. K.
Leinster, Duke of, I. P. . . Wiscount Leinster, G. B.
Lennox, Duke of, S. P. . . Duke of Richmond, E. P.
Limerick, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Foxford, U. K.
Londonderry,Marquess of,L.P. Earl Vane, U. K.
Longford, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Silchester, G. B.
Lothian, Marquess of, S. P. . Baron Ker, U. K.
Middleton, Wiscount, I. P. . Baron Brodrick, G. B.
Montrose, Duke of, S. P. . Earl Graham, G. B.
Moray, Earl of S. P. . . . Baron Stuart, ofCastle Stuart, G.B.
Northland, Viscount, I. P. . Baron Ranfurly, U. K.
Ormonde, Marquess of, I. P. Baron Ormonde, U. K.
Roden, Earl of, I. P. . . . Baron Clanbrassil, U. K.
Roseberry, Earl of, S. P. . . Baron Roseberry, U. K.
Shannon, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Carleton, G. B.
Sheffield, Earl of, I. P. . . Baron Sheffield, U. K.
Sligo, Marquess of, I. P. . . Baron Monteagle, U. K.
Strangford, Wiscount, I, P. . Baron Penshurst, U. K.
Thomond, Marquess of, I. P. Baron Tadcaster, U. K.
Waterford, Marquess of, I. P. Baron Tyrone, G. B.
Wellesley, Marquess, I. P. . Baron Wellesley, G. B.
W d March. E -
º an arch, Earl of, ; Baron Wemyss, U. K.
PERSONAL PRIVILEGES OF THE PEERAGE.
1. Peers of the Realm are the hereditary Counsellors of the Crown;
and may, whenever they consider it necessary, demand admittance to
the King's presence to advise with him on affairs of moment.
2. They form the Upper House of the Imperial Parliament; and
their honours and immunities are hereditary.
3. A Peer may vote by Proxy on any question, though he should
happen to be residing in a foreign country :—this privilege is denied
to the members of the Commons' House. A proxy vote, however,
does not extend to cases where the House is sitting in judgment.
G

42 HOUSE OF PEERS.
4. All bills in any ways affecting the rights of the Peerage must
originate in the House of Peers, and cannot undergo any change or
alteration by the Commons.
5. Each Peer has a right, when a vote passes the House contrary
to his sentiments, to enter his dissent or protest on the Journals of
the House, with his reasons for dissenting at length.
6. A Peer sitting in judgment gives not his verdict on oath, like a
Commoner, but upon his honour. He also answers all bills in Chan-
cery upon his honour, only. If summoned as a witness, however,
either in civil or criminal cases, he must be sworn.
7. When arraigned for any criminal offence, as treason, felony, or
misprision of these offences, it must be before his Peers; who
deliver their opinions as to the culprit's guilt or innocence upon their
honour *. But, in cases of misdemeanour, as riot, libel, conspiracy,
and perjury, a Peer is tried like a Commoner, by a Jury.
8. Peers and Lords of Parliament have the privilege of franking
letters through the Post-office to all parts of Great Britain and Ire-
land. The members of the Lower House enjoy this privilege in com-
mon with their Lordships.
9. By the law of Scandalum Magnatum, any person convicted of
spreading scandalous reports respecting a Peer, or Bishop, no matter
whether true or false, is subject to fine and imprisonment.
10. The persons of Peers are for ever sacred and inviolable from
arrest and imprisonment for debts, trespasses, &c., and they cannot
be outlawed in any civil action; nor can any attachment lie against
their persons f. This freedom from arrest extends to their families,
servants, and followers, as well as to all persons necessarily employed

* The trials of Peers usually take place in Courts, or wooden buildings, erected
for that purpose at the expense of the Crown, in the centre of Westminster Hall;
which Courts are usually pulled down as soon as the investigation terminates. The
House of Peers, however, having been greatly enlarged and rendered more commo-
dious than before, for the investigation of the conduct of the late Queen Caroline,
it is presumed that in case of any future trials of Peers, the same will take place
in that House.
+ Scottish and Irish Peers, though not Lords of Parliament, are privileged from
arrest, as appears from the following very singular case, extracted from Fortescue's
Reports :-Lord Mordington, a Scottish Peer, but not one of the Sixteen Repre-
sentatives, being arrested for debt, moved the Court of Common Pleas to be dis-
charged, as being entitled, by the Act of Union with Scotland, to all the privileges
of a Peer of Great Britain, and prayed an attachment against the Bailiff; when a
rule was made to show cause. Upon this, the Bailiff made affidavit that, when he
arrested his Lordship, he was so meanin his apparel, having a worn-out suit of
clothes and a dirty shirt on his person, with but sixteen-pence halfpenny in his
pocket, that he could not suppose him to be a Peer of Great Britain; and there-


HOUSE OF PEERS. 43
about their estates or persons, during the sessions of Parliament, as
well as for twenty days before and after each session. This privi-
lege, however, does not in any case extend to Solicitors or Attorneys
employed by Peers; nor, in their own persons, to breaches of the
peace (particularly where they refuse to give security to keep the
same), treason, or felony, or indeed any indictable offence whatso-
ever:-neither, is their property exempt from sale or sequestration.
11. To assault a Peer, or his menial servant, is a high contempt,
and may be punished with great severity.
12. Peers are exempt from attending or serving in courts-leet,
sheriff's turns, the militia, or the posse comitatus, in case of riot.
13. The houses of Peers may not be entered by officers of justice,
without a warrant under the King's own hand, and those of six Privy
Councillors; four of whom must be Peers of the Realm.
14. Peers can qualify a certain number of chaplains: viz. a Duke,
sia - a Marquess or Earl, five: a Viscount, four: and a Baron, three.
15. They have the privilege of sitting covered in Courts of Jus-
tice "; and are further entitled by their rank to a seat with the
Judge on the bench.
16. A Peer cannot lose his nobility, but by death, or attainder for
high treason. It has been said, that if a Baron or other Peer waste
his estate, so that he be not able to support his rank, the King may
degrade him; but it has been expressly held by authority of the
fore that, through inadvertency, he had arrested him.—The Court immediately dis-
charged the Lord, and made the Bailiff ask pardon ; with an intimation that a re-
petition of such a mistake would subject him to fine and imprisonment.
* The Barons of Kingsale have, since the time of King John, enjoyed exclusively
the hereditary privilege of being covered in the royal presence, after having first
made the usual obeisance. This arose from their ancestor Sir John de Courcy
(afterwards Earl of Ulster), who was a remarkably powerful man, having engaged
to fight in single combat, and routed the Champion of France, on occasion of a
dispute regarding the proprietorship of the Duchy of Normandy, between John and
the French King Philip Augustus. The descendants of this redoubted Knight
have on all occasions claimed and been allowed their peculiar privilege, of which
an amusing instance is related as having occurred in the reign of Charles the Se-
cond. The Baron of Kingsale, with other Irish nobles, came to London to congra-
tulate his Majesty on his Restoration. On entering the drawing-room where the
King, who was himself uncovered, was surrounded by his courtiers, the represen-
tative of De Courcy maintained his right, by wearing his hat; and the king not
knowing, or forgetting, the occasion of such an apparent breach of decorum and
etiquette, stepped up to him and graciously reminded him that he was not uncovered.
Lord Kingsale replying by asserting his family privilege, His Majesty very per-
tinently and wittily said, “My Lord, we have recollection of your privilege, and
with pleasure acknowledge it: gallantly was it earned, and worthily bestowed by



our royal predecessor : but, in the present instance, your Lordship forgets that
there are Ladies in the room '''
44 HOUSE OF PEERS.
Parliament itself, that a Peer cannot be degraded but by Act of
Parliament *.
17. The last, but not the least, privilege of the Peerage was granted
by Act of Parliament, in the first year of Edward the VI. chap. 12.
It is equivalent to the privileges, or benefit, of Clergy, formerly pos-
sessed by the ecclesiastical body, in England. In the latter case all
persons who were clerks, or who could read, were exempted from the
punishment of death for first offences in cases of petit treason and
capital felonies; whilst persons actually in holy orders were amena-
ble only to ecclesiastical censure and jurisdiction, and owed no re-
sponsibility to secular judges, except in case of high-treason, petty
larceny, and misdemeanour. These privileges have, however, been
greatly abridged by various Acts of Parliament, and a recent one (6th
Geo. IV. c. 25.) provides that Clerks in holy orders, being convicted
of clergyable offences, are liable to the same punishment as lay per-
sons would be in similar situations. By the above Act of Edward,
however, Peers, even although they should not be able to read, have
their privilege for all offences clergyable at that period, also for the
crimes of house-breaking, highway-robbery, horse-stealing, and rob-
bing of churches. As no subsequent law has repealed this clause in
the statute of Edward, a Peer may, at this day, rob on the highway,
steal horses, break into a house, or rob a church (crimes capital in
a Commoner); for by pleading it to be his first offence, in these several
felonies, he is liable to no personal punishment whatever. As burn-
ing houses, however, was never a clergyable offence, and as that felony
is not specified in Edward's Act, as an innocent pastime befitting the
rank of a nobleman, it is hard to say whether a Peer guilty of arson
would not be likely to share the fate of a more common incendiary.

* There is only one instance on record of the degradation of a Peer for this cause,
by Act of Parliament: it occurred in the reign of Edward the Fourth, and hap-
pened in the case of George Neville, Duke of Bedford, on account of his poverty,
which rendered him unable to support the dignity of the Peerage. “This solitary
instance,” says Judge Blackstone, “serves to show the power of Parliament, and,
at the same time, their tenderness in exerting so high a power.” As many of our
laws and customs were borrowed from the Romans, and, through them, from the
Greeks, there can be little doubt that this power of degradation is founded upon
the practice of those ancients.-Among the Athenians, such as were spendthrifts
by repute or conviction, or who had brought themselves and families to poverty by
lewdness and prodigality, had a public mark of infamy put upon them ; by which
they were prevented from voting and making speeches in the senate, as well as in the
popular assemblies. The Emperor Adrian, likewise, decreed that all who squan-
dered away their estates on women, luxury, or in gaming with dice, should not
appear in the theatres, or senate, but should be held up to public scorn and ridicule.


STANDING ORDERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF PEERS;
RESPECTING THE PRIVILEGES OF THE PEERAGE, PUBLIC
AND PRIVATE BILLS, &c.
WITH
REMEMBRANCES FOR ORDER AND DECENCY TO BE KEPT IN THE UPPER
House of PARLIAMENT BY THE LORD's, when His MAJESTY Is NoT
THERE ; LEAVING THE SOLEMNITY BELONGING TO His MAJESTY's
CoMING, To BE MARSHALLED BY THose LoRDs To who M IT MoRE
PROPERLY APPERTAINS.
ORDER OF SITTING.
I. FIRST, the Lords are to sit in the same order as is prescribed
by the Act of Parliament *, except that the Lord Chancellor sitteth on
the Woolsack, as Speaker to the House.
THE LORD CHANCELLOR AS SPEAKER,
II. The Lord Chancellor, when he speaks to the House, is always
to speak uncovered, and is not to adjourn the House, or do any thing
else as mouth of the House, without the consent of the Lords first
had, except the ordinary thing about Bills, which are of course;
wherein the Lords may likewise overrule, as for preferring one Bill
before another, and such like; and in case of difference amongst the
Lords, it is to be put to the question, and if the Lord Chancellor
will speak to any thing particularly, he is to go to his own place as a
Peer.
CHOICE OF A SPEAKER BY THE LORDS.
Die Sabbathi, 9 Junii, 1660.
III. Ordered by the Lords in Parliament assembled, that it is the
duty of the Lord Chancellor, or the Lord Keeper of the Great Seal
* This act, which was passed in the reign of Henry VIII., is to be found at the
end of these Standing Orders.
46 STANDING ORDERS
of England, ordinarily to attend the Lords' House of Parliament;
and that in case the Lord Chancellor, or the Lord Keeper of the
Great Seal, be absent from the House of Peers, and that there be
none authorized under the Great Seal from the King to supply that
place in the House of Peers, the Lords may then choose their own
Speaker during that vacancy.
THE JUDGES AND PRIVY COUNCIL LORS.
IV. The Judges, and such of the King's Privy Council [as are
called by Writ to attend] sitting by, are not to be covered till the
Lords give them leave, which they ordinarily signify by the Lord
Chancellor; and they being there appointed to attend the House,
are not to speak or deliver any opinion until it be required, and they
be admitted so to do by the major part of the House, in case of
difference.
KING's counsel.
V. The Learned Counsel, &c. are likewise to attend on the wool-
sacks, but are never to be covered.
MEMBERS OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL.
VI. Those of His Majesty's Privy Council, who are or shall be
called by His Majesty's writ, as the Judges are, are to be used with
the same respect the Judges are ; which is, not to be covered until
they shall be bid so to do by the Lords.
PRORO GATION OF PARLIAMENT.
VII. After the issuing the writ of summons, if the Parliament be
prorogued to any farther day than was appointed for the meeting
thereof by the writ of summons, it is done by writ directed to both
Houses; and in that case the Lower House is to be called in, and
to stand uncovered below the Peers, but not before the Lords be
all set; who sitting and being all covered, the Lord Chancellor uses
some words unto them to let them know the cause of their meeting,
which he doth uncovered, in respect he speaks to the Lords as well
as to the Commons; and after the writ is read the Parliament is ac-
cordingly prorogued. But, when the Parliament is prorogued at any
time after the first meeting thereof, such prorogation is not to be by
writ, but by commission, directed unto some of the Lords of the
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 47
Upper House. And the Lord Chancellor first acquainting the House
with the purport of such commission, the Lords authorized thereby,
or so many of them as are necessary, being in their robes, and
seated on a form placed between the Throne and Woolsack, are
to command the Usher of the Black Rod to let the Commons know
the Lords Commissioners desire their immediate attendance in the
House of Peers to hear the commission read; and the Commons
being come up to the Bar of this House, and standing uncovered,
the commission is to be read by the Clerk, after which the Parlia-
ment is to be prorogued in such manner and to such time as is com-
manded by the said commission.
PROCE EDINGS ON OPENING THE PAR LIAMENT.
VIII. At the beginning of a Parliament, after prayers said, and
the Lord Chancellor shall have taken the oaths appointed to be taken
in lieu of the abrogated Oaths of Supremacy and Allegiance, and
made, repeated, and subscribed the declaration, and taken and sub-
scribed the Oath of Abjuration, according to the several Acts of
Parliament made for those purposes; the Certificate of the Clerk of
the Crown of the return of the sixteen Peers who for that part of
Great Britain called Scotland shall be chosen, summoned, and
certified to sit and vote in the House of Peers in the Parliament of
Great Britain, shall be read; and then all the Peers and Lords of
Parliament present shall in like manner take, make, and subscribe
the said oaths and declaration; after which, some Bill (pro formd)
is to be read; which being done, the Lord Chancellor is to report
His Majesty's Speech from the Throne, and then the Committee of
Privileges is to be appointed; and at the beginning of every other
Session during the same Parliament, after prayers said, some Bill
(pro formá) is to be read, His Majesty's Speech reported, and the
Committee of Privileges appointed.
FINES FOR COMING LATE.
* IX. Every Lord that comes after prayers, if he be a Baron or
Bishop, is to pay one shilling, and if he be of any degree above, two
shillings for the poor; but every Lord who comes not at all, and makes
* This Order is here preserved as a memorial of the attention to public business,
and of the charitable disposition of our ancestors.
48 STANDING ORDERS
not his just excuse, is to pay five shillings for every day's absence.—
Vacat. per ordinem, 13th May, 1742.
RESPECT TO BE SHOWN TO THE HOUSE.
X. Before the House sit, so much respect is to be had to that
room, as none but Members of the House ought to be covered there;
not so much as the eldest son of any Peer whatsoever, unless he be
called by writ; neither is any other persons to stay there, nor any
attendant of any Nobleman, but whilst he brings in his Lord, and
then he is to retire himself.
SALUTATIONS AND OBEISANCE TO THE CLOTH OF ESTATE.
XI. When the House is set, every Lord that shall enter is to give
and receive salutations from the rest, and not to sit down in his
place unless he hath made his obeisance to the Cloth of Estate.
STYLE OF WE ITS.
XII. If there be any difference in the form or style of the writs
from the ancient, it is to be examined how it came to pass.
DIGNITY AND ORDER IN THE HOUSE.
XIII. The Lords in the Upper House are to keep their dignity and
order in sitting as much as may be, and not to remove out of their
places without just cause, to the hindrance of others that sit near
them, and disorder of the House; but when they must needs go cross
the House from one side to the other, they are to make obeisance to
the Cloth of Estate.
MODE OF ADDRESS IN SPEARING-
XIV. When any Lords speak, they address their speech to the
rest of the Lords in general.
of FENSIVE SPEECHES, &c. To BE Avoided.
XV. To prevent misunderstandings, and for avoiding offensive
speeches, when matters are debating either in the House or at Com-
mittees, it is for honour's sake thought fit and so ordered, that all
personal, sharp, or taxing speeches be forborne; and whosoever an-
swereth another man's speech, shall apply his answer to the matter
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 49
without wrong to the person; and as nothing offensive is to be
spoken, so nothing is to be ill taken, if the party that speaks it shall
presently make a fair exposition or clear denial of the words that
might bear any ill construction; and if any offence of that kind be
given, as the House itself will be very sensible thereof, so it will
sharply censure the offenders, and give the party offended a fit re-
paration and full satisfaction.—Per Ordinem, 12 & 13 Junii, 1626.
TO PREVENT MISTAKES AND UN KINDNESSES.
Die Lunae, 9 Augusti, 1641, post Meridiem.
XVI. It is this day ordered by the Lords in Parliament, for
avoiding of all mistakes, unkindnesses, or other differences, which
may grow to quarrels tending to the breach of peace, that if any
Lord shall conceive himself to have received any affront or injury from
any other Member of the House, either in the Parliament House, or
at any Committee, or in any of the rooms belonging to the Lords'
House of Parliament, he shall appeal to the Lords in Parliament for
his reparation; which if he shall not do, but occasion or entertain
quarrels, declining the justice of the House, then the Lord that shall
be found therein delinquent shall undergo the severe censure of the
House of Parliament. And this Order is to be added to the Standing
Orders of this House.
NO LORD TO SPEAK AFTER THE QUESTION IS PUT.
Die Veneris, 9 Januarii, 1673.
XVII. It is this day ordered and declared by the Lords spiritual
and temporal in Parliament assembled, that when a question hath
been entirely put by the Speaker, no Lord is to speak against the
question before voting. And it is further ordered, that this rule be
entered into the roll of the Standing Orders of this House.
LORDS NOT TO DISCOURSE DURING THE TRANSACTION OF BUSINESS.
Die Mercurii, 30 Martii, 1670.
XVIII. Ordered, that if any Lord have occasion to speak with
another Lord in this House whilst the House is sitting, they are to
go together below the Bar; or else the Speaker is to stop the business
in agitation. And that this order be annexed to the roll, &c.
H
50 STANDING ORDERS
NO LORD TO SPEAK TWICE TO ONE MATTER.
XIX. No Lord is to speak twice to any Bill at one time of reading
it, or any other proposition, unless it be to explain himself in some
material point of his speech, but no new matter; and that not
without leave of the House first obtained. Every Lord speaks
standing uncovered, and names not Members of the House commonly
by their names; but “the Lord that spoke last,-last but one,—last
but two,” &c. or some other note of distinction.
MANNER OF WOTING-
-
XX. In voting, the lowest, after the question is put by the Lord
Chancellor, begins first ; and every Lord in his turn rises uncovered,
and only says, “ Content,” or “Not Content.”
-
LORDS TO REMAIN IN THEIR PLACES, WHILST WOTING.
Die Lunae, 13 Martii, 1670.
XXI. Ordered, that after a question is put, and the House hath
voted thereupon, no Lord is to depart out of his place, unless upon a
division of the House, until the House have entered upon some other
business. And that this order be added, &c.
CONTENTS TO GO BELOW THE BAR.
Die Mercurii, 25 Novembris, 1691.
XXII. Resolved upon the question, that for the future, when there
shall be a division in the House upon any question, the Contents shall
go below the Bar, and the Not Contents stay within the Bar. And it
is ordered that this resolution be added, &c.
THE FIRST AND SECOND READING OF BILLS.
XXIII. Bills are seldom opposed at the first reading, and are com-
monly committed, upon motion, at the second reading.
THE SUBSTANCE OF BILLS TO BE DULY CONSIDERED.
Die Martis, 5 Maii, 1668.
XXIV. Upon report made by the Lord Chamberlain from the
Committee of the whole House concerning the Bill for raising
310,000l. by an Imposition on Wines and other Liquors, that in
regard the said Bill being very long, and consisting of many para-
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 51
graphs, came from the House of Commons so near the time of
adjournment, he was commanded to report it as the opinion of the
Committee that it might be entered in the Journal-Book of this
House, that there may be no such argument hereafter used in this
House as was upon this Bill (of shortness of time, for the passing of
Bills), to precipitate the passing thereof; but that due consideration
may be had hereafter according to the course of Parliaments. The
Lords spiritual and temporal in Parliament assembled, agreed with
the report made from the Committee, and ordered that this order be
entered, &c.
NO CLAUSE FOREIGN TO THE MATTER TO BE ANNEXED TO BILLS OF
SUPPLY.
Die Mercurii, 9 Decembris, 1702.
XXV. Ordered and declared, that the annexing any clause or
clauses to a Bill of Aid or Supply, the matter of which is foreign to
and different from the matter of the said Bill of Aid or Supply, is
unparliamentary, and tends to the destruction of the Constitution of
this Government. And it is further ordered, that this order and
declaration be added, &c.
NO BILL TO BE READ TWICE THE SAME DAY.
Die Martis, 28 Junii, 1715.
XXVI. Ordered and declared, that for the future no Bill shall be
read twice the same day; that no Committee of the whole House
proceed on any Bill the same day the Bill is committed; that no
report be received from any Committee of the whole House the same
day such Committee goes through the Bill (when any amendments
are made to such Bill); and that no Bill be read the third time the
same day that it is reported from the Committee. (See Order 155.)
CALLING OF THE HOUSE.
XXVII. It is to be observed that, on the first or second day, the
House be called, and notice be taken of such Lords as either have
not sent their proxies, or are excused by his Majesty for some time.
COMMITTEES.
XXVIII. To have more freedom of speech, and that arguments
may be used (pro et contra), Committees are appointed sometimes for
52 STANDING ORDERS
Bills, sometimes to facilitate and agree on great businesses either of
the whole House or of Particulars. Committees of the whole House
sit in the Upper House, but then the Lord Chancellor sits not upon
the woolsack as a Speaker.
MODE OF SITTING ON COMMITTEES OF THE WHOLE HOUSE,
XXIX. Every Lord is to sit in his due place when the House is put
into a Committee.—Per Ord. 9 Mail, 1626.
HOUSE NOT TO BE RESUMED WITHOUT CONSENT OF COMMITTEE,
Die Jovis, 10 Junii, 1714.
* XXXI. Ordered and declared, that when the House shall be put
into a Committee of the whole House, the House be not resumed
without the unanimous consent of the Committee; unless upon a
question put by the Lord who shall be in the Chair of such Com-
mittee.—Ent, per Ord. 28 Junii, 1715.
MoDE of SITTING, &c. IN SELECT CoMMITTEEs.
XXXII. If they be a Select Committee, they usually meet in one
of the rooms adjoining to the Upper House, as the Lords like. Any
of the Lords of the Committee speak to the rest uncovered, but may
sit still if he please. The Committees are to be attended by such
Judges or Learned Counsel as are appointed; they are not to sit
there or be covered, unless it be out of favour for infirmity. Some
Judge sometimes hath a stool set behind him, but never covers; and
the rest never sit or cover.—The Lord Chief Justice Popham did
often attend Committees; and though he was Chief Justice, Privy
Councillor, and infirm, yet would he very hardly ever be persuaded
to sit down, saying, it was his duty to stand and attend; and de-
sired the Lords to keep those forms which were their due.
LORDS NOT ACTUALLY ON COMMITTEES MAY NOT WOTE.
XXXIII. Here it is to be observed, that at any Committee of our
own, any Member of our House, though not of the Committee, is not
excluded from coming in and speaking, but he must not vote; as also
* Order No. XXX. was vacated by an Order of the 7th of May, 1805. The
enumeration, however, in this and other instances, is preserved, in order that identity
between these extracts and the roll of Standing Orders may not be destroyed.
. OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 53
he shall give place to all that are of the Committee, though of lower
degree, and shall sit behind them, and observe the same order for
sitting at a conference with the Commons.
REPORTS OF AMENDMENTS TO BILLS.
Die Sabbathi 5 Aprilis, 1707.
XXXIV. Ordered that on all reports made from Committees of
Amendments to Bills, for the future, the Lord that makes the report
do explain to the House the effect and coherence of each amendment;
and that, on the Clerk's second reading of the same amendments, the
Lord on the woolsack do the same ; and this to be added, &c.
MANNER OF RECEIVING MESSAGES FROM THE COMMONS.
XXXV. For our meeting with any of the Lower House, it is
either upon occasion of messages which they send up unto us, or
upon conference when they come up to us. The manner is thus:
After we have notice given us by our Usher that they have sent unto
us, they attend till we have put that business to some end wherein
we are, and then we (sitting all covered) send for them in, who stand
all at the lowest end of the room; and then the Lord Chancellor
(with such as please) riseth and goeth down to the middle of the Bar:
then, the chief of the Committee in the midst, and the rest about him,
come up to the Bar with three courtesies, and deliver the message to
him, who, after he hath received it, retires himself to his former place;
and the House being cleared and settled, he reports it to the Lords,
who do help his memory if any thing be mistaken; and after the
Lords have taken resolution (if the business require any answer)
they are either called for in, and approaching to the Bar with three
courtesies (as before), and the House sitting in order and covered (as
before), the Lord Chancellor, sitting on the woolsack covered, doth
give them their answer in the name of the House; or else, if the
resolution be not so speedy, we send them word by the Usher that
they shall not need to stay for the answer, but we will send it by
some express messengers of our own.
MESSENGERS TO THE COMMONS.
XXXVI. Here it is to be observed and noted, that we never send
to the Lower House by any Members of our own, but either by some
54 STANDING ORDERS
of the Learned Counsel, Masters of the Chancery, or such like, which
attend us, and in weighty causes some of the Judges; but the Lower
House never send unto us any but of their own body.
CONFERENCES WITH THE COMMONS.
XXXVII. The place of our meeting with the Lower House upon
conference is usually the Painted Chamber, where they are commonly
before we come, and expect our leisure. We are to come in thither
in a whole body, and not some Lords scattering before the rest, which
both takes from the gravity of the Lords, and besides may hinder the
Lords from taking their proper places: we are to sit there, and be
covered; but they are at no committee or conference ever either to
be covered or sit down in our presence, unless it be some infirm
person, and that by connivance in a corner out of sight, to sit, but
not be covered.
WHO ARE TO SPEAK AT CONFERENCES, &c.
XXXVIII. None are to speak at a conference with the Lower
House, but those that be of the Committee; and when any thing
from such conference is reported, all the Lords of that Committee are
to stand up.
STRANGERS NOT ADMITTED TO CONFERENCES OR COMMITTEES.
XXXIX. No man is to enter at any committee or conference (unless
it be such as are commanded to attend), but such as are Members of
the House, or the heir apparent of a Lord that has a right to succeed
such Lord, or the eldest son of any Peer who has a right to sit and vote
in this House, upon pain of being punished severely and with example
to others.
THE DOORKEEPERS NOT TO STAY WITH IN THE HOUSE.
Die Lunae, 14 Februarii, 1703.
* XLII. The House taking notice that of late the doorkeepers
have frequently presumed to come within the doors when the House
is sitting, contrary to the rules and orders of the House, It is this
* Two orders are here omitted, having been vacated by Number 130, which was
entered upon the Roll on the 18th of April, 1788.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 55
day ordered, for the future, that no doorkeeper attending this House
do presume to come or stay within the doors of this House when
sitting (except particularly ordered so to do). And this order to be
added, &c.
who MAY come INTO THE LOBBY, &c.
XLIII. Ordered, none but Noblemen and the necessary attendants
of the House do come into the lobby; nor into the Little Committee
Chamber.—Per Ord. 23 Maii, post Meridiem, 1628.
DIFFERENCE BETweeN BIs HoPs AND PEERs ; witH THEIR
PRIVILE GES.
XLIV. It would be resolved what privilege Noblemen and Peers
have ; betwixt which this difference is to be observed: That Bishops
are only Lords of Parliament, but not Peers; for they are not of
trial by nobility. But all Lords of Parliament having privilege for
their servants from arrests, it is to be known for what time the said
privilege doth extend before and after the Session, as likewise whe-
ther the same reach to retainers.-(See Order LXV.)
ORDERS NOT TO BE ENTERED BEFORE BEING READ.
XLV. The Clerk is to enter no order until the Lord Keeper first
demand the assent of the House.—Wide Librum 14 Dec. 1621, et 23
Feb. 1623.
And the Clerk is to read every order, first, in the House before
it be entered.—V. Lib. 20 Mai:, 1626.
FINES.
XLVI. Whereas this High Court of the Upper House of Parlia-
ment do often find cause in their judicature to impose fines, amongst
other punishments, upon offenders, for the good example of justice,
and to deter others from like offences, It is ordered and declared, that
at the least once before the end of every session, the Committees
for the orders of the House and privileges of the Lords of Parliament
do acquaint the Lords with all the Fines that have been laid that
session; that thereupon their Lordships may use that power which
they justly have to take off or mitigate such fines, either wholly
or in part, according to the measure of penitence or ability in the
offenders, or suffer all to stand, as, in equity, their Lordships shall
find fit.
56 STANDING ORDERS
And that until every session be ended, no estreat is to be made of
such Fines set or imposed by Parliament, nor any copy thereof to be
made by the Clerk, without special order upon a public motion in a
full House.—Per Ord. 3 Aprilis, 1624.
THE MODE OF TRIAL OF PERSONS BROUGHT TO JUDICATURE BEFORE
THE LORDS.
XLVII. It is declared by the Lords spiritual and temporal in
Parliament assembled, in regard to the trials of such persons as shall
be brought before them and come to judicature, that whereas this
Court is the highest, from whence others ought to draw their light,
so the proceedings thereof should be most clear and equal, as well on
the one side in finding out offences where there is just ground, as on
the other side in affording all just means of defence to such as shall
be questioned; and therefore, in all cases of moment, the defendants
shall have copies of all depositions both pro et contra, after publica-
tion, at a convenient time before the hearing to prepare themselves:
and also, if the defendants shall demand it of the House in due time,
they shall have their learned Counsel to assist them in their defence,
whether they be able by reason of health to answer in person or not,
so as they choose Counsel void of just exception : and if such Coun-
sel shall refuse them, they are to be assigned as the Court shall think
fit. This their Lordships do, because in all causes, as well civil as
criminal and capital, they hold that all lawful helps cannot, before
just Judges, make one that is guilty avoid justice; and on the other
side, God defend that an innocent should be condemned.
CAUTION IN CALLING PEER-S TO THE BAR.
XLVIII. As for the calling a Member of this High Court to the
Bar, their Lordships hold it fit to be very well weighed at what time
and for what causes it shall be.—Per Ord. 28 Maii, 1624.
PEERs Not To BE IMPR1son ED witHouT or DER of THE Hous E,
WITH EXCEPTION.
XLIX. The privilege of the House is, that no Lord of Parliament
sitting the Parliament, or within the usual times of privilege of Par-
liament, is to be imprisoned or restrained without sentence or order
of the House; unless it be for treason or felony, or for refusing to
give security for the peace.—Per Ord. 18 Aprilis, 1626.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 57
LORDS NOT TO ANSWER ACCUSATIONS IN THE HOUSE OF COMMONS
Die Martis, 20 Januarii, 1673.
L. Upon report made this day from the Lords' Committees ap-
pointed to consider of the privileges of the Peers of this realm, and
orders and customs of the Lords' House of Parliament, &c., to whom
was referred the examining what hath been the practice in former
times in cases of Lords desiring leave to appear and answer accusa-
tions in the House of Commons, their Lordships have searched and
perused several precedents, and thereupon conceive that it may deeply
intrench into the privileges of this House for any Lord of this House
to answer an accusation in the House of Commons, either in person,
or by sending his answer in writing, or by his Counsel there ; upon
serious consideration had thereof and perusal of the said precedents
in this House, It is ordered, that for the future no Lord shall either
go down to the House of Commons, or send his answer in writing,
or appear by Counsel to answer any accusation there, upon penalty
of being committed to the Black Rod, or to the Tower, during the
pleasure of this House. And it is further ordered, that this order be
added, &c. -
No LoRD To Go INTo THE Hous E of commons, witHouT LEAVE OF
THE PEERS.
Die Mercurii, 25 Novembris, 1696.
LI. Ordered, that no Lord of this House shall go into the House
of Commons while the House or any Committee of the whole House
is sitting there, without the leave of this House first had ; and this
to be added, &c.
THE TRIAL OF PEERS TO BE IN FULL PARLIAMENT.
Die Martis, 14 Januarii, 1689.
LII. Whereas this day was appointed for taking into considera-
tion the report made the 10th of this instant January, from the Lords'
Committees for Privileges, concerning the trials of Peers; after due
consideration had thereof, It is resolved by the Lords spiritual and
temporal in Parliament assembled, that it is the ancient right of
the Peers of England to be tried only in full Parliament for any
capital offences. And it is ordered, that this resolution be added, &c.
I
58 STANDING ORDERS
TRIAL OF PEERS IN PARLIAMENT, NOT To ExTEND TO APPEALs of
MURDER OR FELONY.
Die Veneris, 17 Januarii, 1689.
LIII. It is declared by the Lords, &c. that the order made the
14th of this instant January, concerning the trial of Peers in Parlia-
ment, shall not be understood or construed to extend to any appeal
of murder or other felony to be brought against any Peer or Peers.
And it is ordered, that this declaration be entered, &c.
PROSECUTION NOT TO BE DELAYED ON WRITS OF ERROR.
Die Veneris, 13 Decembris, 1661.
LIV. Forasmuch as upon writs of error returnable in this High
Court of Parliament, the plaintiffs therein often desire to delay jus-
tice rather than come to the determination of the right of the cause;
It is therefore ordered, that the plaintiffs in all such writs, after the
same and the records be brought in, shall speedily repair to the Clerk
of the Parliaments, and prosecute their writs of error, and satisfy the
officers of this House their fees justly due unto them by reason of
the prosecution of the said writs of error and the proceedings there-
upon ; and further, shall assign their errors within eight days after
the bringing in of such writs with the records: and if the plaintiff
make default so to do, then the said Clerk, if the defendant in such
writs require it, shall record that the plaintiff hath not prosecuted
his writ of error, and that the House doth therefore award that such
plaintiff shall lose his writ, and that the defendant shall go without
day, and that the record be remitted. And if any plaintiff in any
writ of error shall allege diminution and pray a Certiorari, the Clerk
shall enter an award thereof accordingly ; and the plaintiff may, be-
fore in rºullo est erratum pleaded, sue forth his writ of Certiorari in
ordinary course, without special petition or motion to this House for
the same ; and if he shall not prosecute such writ and procure it to
be returned within ten days next after his plea of diminution put into
this House, then, unless he shall show some good cause to this House
for the enlarging of the time for return of such writ, he shall lose the
benefit of the same, and the defendant in the writ of error may pro-
ceed as if no such writ of Certiorari were awarded,—Jºnt, per Ord.
9 Dec. 1670.

OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 59
TIME LIMITED FOR BRINGING IN APPEALS.
Die Sabbati, 13 Julii, 1678.
LV. Ordered, that all persons who shall be desirous to exhibit to
this House any petitions of appeal from any Court of Equity, do
present their petitions within fourteen days, to be accounted from
and after the first day of every session or meeting of Parliament
after a recess; after which time the Lords do declare they will, dur-
ing every such sitting, receive no petition of appeal unless upon a
decree made while the Parliament is actually sitting; in which case,
the party who shall find himself aggrieved may bring his petition of
appeal, provided he present it to this House within fourteen days
after such decree is made and entered in any Court of Equity in
England or Wales, twenty days in any of the Courts of Scotland,
and forty days in any of the Courts of Equity in Ireland. And that
this order be added, &c.; and likewise published in print, to the end
that all persons concerned may take notice thereof and observe it -
accordingly.—(See Order CXVIII.)
THE QUESTION TO BE PUT For REVERSING, on LY, IN GIVING JUDG-
MENT ON APPEALS OR WIRITS OF ERROR.
Die Lunae, 7 Decembris, 1691.
LVI. Ordered, that for the future, upon giving judgment in any
cases of appeals or writs of error in this House, the question shall
be put for reversing, and not for affirming. And that this order be
added, &c.
NO PETITION FOR THE REHEARING OF CAUSES TO BE READ THE
SAME DAY OFFERED.
Die Jovis, 14 Februarii, 1694.
LVII. Ordered, that no petition which relates to the rehearing of
any cause or part of a cause formerly heard in this House shall be read
the same day it is offered, but shall lie upon the table, and a future
day be appointed for reading thereof, after twelve of the clock. And
this order to be added, &c.
60 STANDING ORDERS
CAUTION AGAINST FRIVOLOUS APPEALS.
Die Jovis, 3 Martii, 1697.
LVIII. Whereas, by the rules and orders of this House for pre-
venting the bringing of frivolous appeals, all appeals are to be signed
by two Counsel; It is this day ordered, that no person whatever do
presume as Counsel to sign any appeal to be brought into this House
for the future, unless such person hath been of Counsel in the same
cause in the Courts below, or shall attend as Counsel at the Bar of
this House when the said appeal shall come in to be heard; and un-
less he shall certify that in his judgment there is reasonable cause of
appeal. And it is further ordered, that this order shall be added, &c.,
and affixed on the doors of this House and the Courts in Westminster
Hall.—Emendat. per Ord. 9 Aprilis, 1812.
PRINTED CASES OF APPEALS MUST BE SIGNED BY COUNSEL IN THE
CAUSE
Die Martis, 19 Aprilis, 1698.
LIX. The House taking notice that upon appeals and writs of
error there have been of late several scandalous and frivolous printed
cases delivered to Lords of this House; for preventing whereof for
the future, It is this day ordered, that no person whatsoever do pre-
sume to deliver any printed case or cases to any Lord of this House,
unless such case or cases shall be signed by one or more of the
Counsel who attended at the hearing of the cause in the Courts
below, or shall be of Counsel at the hearing in this House. And
this order to be added, &c., and affixed to the doors of this House,
and the Courts in Westminster Hall.
CAUSES APPOINTED FOR HEARING NOT TO BE PUT OFF WITHOUT TWO
DAYs' Notic E.
Die Mercurii, 22 Decembris, 1703.
LX. Upon consideration of the great inconveniences arising by
motions and petitions for putting off causes after days have been
appointed for hearing thereof; It is ordered, that when a day shall
be appointed for the hearing any cause, appeal, or writ of error, argued
in this House, the same shall not be altered but upon petition, and
that no petition shall in such case be received, unless two days'
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 61
notice thereof be given to the adverse party; of which notice, oath
shall be made at the Bar of this House. And it is further ordered,
that this order be added, &c.
RECOGNIZANCES ON APPEALS TO BE ENTERED INTO, IN EIGHT DAYS.
Die Veneris, 26 Januarii, 1710.
LXI. Whereas, by order of the 20th November, 1680, it is
directed, that in all cases upon appeals to be brought into this
House from the Courts in Westminster Hall, the party or parties
appellant shall, before any answer to his or their petition, give
security to the Clerk of the Parliaments, by recognizance to be
entered into, to His Majesty in ºf 100*, to pay such costs to the
defendant or defendants in such appeals as this Court shall appoint,
in case the decree or judgment appealed from shall be affirmed by
this Court:—It is this day ordered, that in all cases of appeals to be
brought into this House from any Court in Westminster Hall, from
any Court of Equity in England or Wales, or from any Court in
Scotland, or from any Court of Equity in Ireland, the party or
parties appellant shall, within eight days after such appeal received,
give security to the Clerk of Parliaments, by recognizance to be
entered into, to Hert Majesty, of the penalty of £2004, conditioned
to pay such costs to the defendant or defendants in such appeal as
this Court shall appoint, in case the decree or judgment appealed
from shall be affirmed; and if the appellant or appellants shall
neglect or refuse to give such security within the time aforesaid,
that then the Clerk of the Parliaments shall inform the House
thereof, and the appeal from thenceforth to be dismissed.—Entr.
per Ord. 27 Jan. 1710–Emendat. 4 Martii, 1727, et 6 Augusti,
1807.

CAUSES TO BE HEARD BEFORE OTHER BUSINESS.
Die Martis, 28 Junii, 1715.
LXII. Ordered, that on the days causes are appointed to be heard,
the cause be the first business proceeded on, after prayers, and no
other business to intervene.—Emendat. per Ord. 13 Mail, 1742.
* Extended, in 1727, to 6200. + Read His—never so altered.
† Extended to £400 in 1807.
62 STANDING ORDERS
THE ATToRNEY GENERAL, &c. Not To B.E couns EL For PRIVATE
PERsons AT THE LoRDs' BAR.
Die Sabbati, 13 Junii, 1685.
LXIII. Ordered, that for the future neither His Majesty's Attorney
General, nor any other assistant to this House, after having taken his
place on the woolsack as such, shall be allowed to be of Counsel at
the Bar of this House for any private person or persons whatsoever.
And it is further ordered, that this order, &c.—Emendat. per Ord.
13 Maii, 1742. -
DURING THE HEARING OF CAUSES, THE LORDS MUST BE ON THE º
BENC HES.
Die Sabbati, 5 Aprilis, 1707.
LXIV. Ordered, that if any Lord, at the hearing of a cause, be not
on one of the benches, the Lord Chancellor shall stop proceedings
until such Lord take his place on one of the said benches.—Ent. per
Ord. 28 Junii, 1715.
PRIVILEGES OF THE SERVANT'S OF LORDS FROM ARREST.
LXV. It is declared, by the Lords spiritual and temporal in Parlia-
ment assembled, that the privilege of the Nobility concerning the
freedom of their servants and followers from arrests doth extend to
all their menial servants, and those of their family, as also those
employed necessarily and properly about their estates, as well as their
persons.
This freedom to begin twenty days before the return of the writ of
summons in the beginning of every Parliament, and to continue twenty
days before and after every session of Parliament, except in such
cases wherein other provision hath been made by an Act of Parlia-
ment passed in the 12th and 13th years of the reign of his late
Majesty King William the Third, entitled, An Act for Preventing
any Inconveniences that may happen by Privilege of Parliament.
All the Lords are to be very careful on this point, and remember
the ground of this privilege, which was only in respect they should
not be distracted by the trouble of their servants from attending the
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 63
serious affairs of the kingdom: and that therefore they will not pervert
that privilege to the public injustice of the kingdom, which was given
them only that the whole realm might in this high Court draw the
clearer light of justice from them; in which case every one ought
rather to go far within than any way to exceed the due limits.
Before any person be sent for upon this account, the Lord con-
cerned shall, either by himself or by his letter, or by some message,
certify the House, upon his honour, that the person arrested is within
the limits of the privilege before expressed.
And for the particulars, they must be left to the judgment of the
House as the particular cases shall come in question, wherein the
House wants not all means, as well by oath or without, to find out
the true nature of the servant's quality in his Lord's service; and,
thereupon, if by the House it be adjudged contrary to the true intent,
any Member whatsoever must not find it strange if in such case both
he himself suffer reproof as the House shall think fit, and his servant
receive no benefit by the privilege, but pay the fees: whereas the
justice of the kingdom must be preferred before any personal respect,
and none to be spared that shall offend after so fair a warning.—Per
Ord. 28 Mail, 1624.—Emendat. 22 Junii, 1715.
ATTORNEYS AND SOLICITOR'S NOT PRIVILE GED.
Die Mercurii, 24 Martii, 1696.
LXVI. Ordered, that no common Attorney or Solicitor, though
employed by any Peer or Lord of this House, shall be allowed
privilege of Parliament. And that this order be entered, &c.
NO LORD TO GIVE WR ITTEN PROTECTIONS OR PR lyſ LEGE,
Die Martis, 15 Aprilis, 1712.
LXVII. It is this day ordered, that all written protections given by
any Lord of this House shall be and are hereby vacated and made void;
and that for the future no Lord of this House shall give any written
protection to any person whatsoever. And this order to be printed
and published, and fixed on the doors of this House and Westminster
Hall.—Ent, per Ord, 7 Maii, 1712. (See Order CXIV.)
64 STANDING ORDERS
NO PETITION TO BE RECEIVED FOR THE PROTECTION OF THE KING's
SERVANTS,
Die Jovis, 23 Novembris, 1693.
LXVIII. It is resolved, and this day ordered, that this House will
not receive any petition for protecting their Majesties' servants. And
that this order be added, &c.
THE GOODS OF PRIVILEGED PERSONS TO BE FREE.
LXIX. Ordered, the goods of privileged persons taken in execution
are to be re-delivered and freed, as well as their persons.—Per Ord.
8 Maii, 1628.
LoRDS To ANSWER UPoN THEIR Honour, AND NOT UPON OATH.
LXX. Ordered, that the Nobility of this kingdom and Lords of the
Upper House of Parliament, whether they be plaintiffs or defendants,
are of ancient right to answer or be examined in all Courts upon
protestation of honour only, and not upon the common oath.-Per
Ord. 6 Maii, 1628.
OATHS NOT TO BE IMPOSED UPON PEERS BY ANY BILLS.
Die Veneris, 30 Aprilis, 1675.
LXXI. Ordered, that no oath shall be imposed by any Bill, or
otherwise, upon the Peers, with a penalty, in case of refusal, to lose
their places and votes in Parliament or liberty of debates therein.
And that this order be added, &c.
FILING A BILL AGAINST A PEER, IN CASES WHERE WITNESSES ARE
TO BE EXAMINED, NO BREACH OF PRIVILEGE.
Die Mercurii, 3 Julii, 1678.
LXXII. The Lords spiritual and temporal in Parliament assembled
do declare, that in all cases wherein it is necessary to examine witnesses
in perpetuam rei memoriam, it shall not be taken to be a breach of
privilege of Parliament to file a Bill against a Peer in time of Parlia-
ment, and take out usual process for that purpose only. And it is
ordered, that this declaration be added, &c.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 65
FILING A BILL IN EQUITY, WITHOUT PROCESS, No BREACH OF
PRIVILEGE.
Die Lunae, 14 Decembris, 1696.
LXXIII. Ordered, that the filing an original or any Bill in equity
without service of any letter or process thereupon, within time of
privilege of Parliament, against any Lord of this House, shall not be
taken to be a breach of privilege of Parliament. And that this order
be added, &c.
PEERS HAVE NO PRIVILEGE OF PARLIAMENT AS TRUSTEES.
Die Jovis, 12 Novembris, 1685.
LXXIV. The Lord Marquess of Halifax reported that the Lords'
Committees for Privileges, to whom it was referred to consider
whether privilege of peerage shall be allowed to any Peer of this
House, wherein he is only a trustee, have ordered him to report it as
the opinion of that Committee, that privilege of Parliament ought
not to be allowed to Peers in cases where they are only trustees;
which opinion the House confirmed, and ordered the same to be en-
tered as a Standing Order of this House.
PEERS HAVE NO PRIVILEGE AGAINST THE PROVING OF WILLS.
Die Sabbati, 29 Aprilis, 1699.
LXXV. Resolved and declared, that no Peer or Lord of this House
hath privilege whereby any stop or hindrance may or can be given
to the proving the will of any person whatsoever. And that this
order be added, &c.
MINORS, AND WIDows of PEERS, HAVE NO PRIVILEGE OF
PAR LIAMENT.
Die Martis, 21 Februarii, 1692.
LXXVI. Ordered and declared, that privilege of Parliament shall
not be allowed to minor Peers, Noblewomen, or widows of Peers
[saving their right of peerage].
66 STANDING ORDERS
WIDOWS OF PEERS MARRYING COMMONERS LOSE THEIR PRIVILEGE
OF PEERAGE,
And it is further ordered, that if the widow of any Peer shall be
married to a Commoner she shall not be allowed privilege of peerage.
And that this order be added, &c.
PRINTING THE PROCEEDINGs of THE Hous E, witHouT LEAVE, A
BREACH OF PRIVILIEGE.
Die Lunae, 27 Februarii, 1698.
LXXVII. Resolved, that it is a breach of the privilege of this
House for any person whatsoever to print, or publish in print, any
thing relating to the proceedings of this House, without the leave of
this House. And it is ordered, that this resolution be added, &c.
and set on the doors of this House.
IF complaint of BREACH of PRIVILEGE BE NoT ALLow ED, THE
LORD TO PAY EXPEN SES.
Die Jovis, l l Januariº, 1699.
LXXVIII. Ordered, that in case of complaint by any Lord of
this House of a breach of privilege, whereupon any person shall be
taken into custody for the future; if the House, upon examination
of the matter complained of, shall judge the same to be no breach of
privilege, the Lord who made the complaint shall pay the fees and
expenses of the person so taken into custody.
COMPLAINT OF BREACH OF PRIVILEGE TO BE UPON OATH.
And it is further ordered, that no person shall be taken into cus-
tody upon such complaint of a breach of privilege, but upon oath
made at the Bar of this House. (See Order CX.)
NO LORD TO HAVE ABOVE TWO PROXIES.
LXXIX. No Lord of this House shall be capable of receiving
above two proxies, nor more to be numbered in any cause voted.
—Per Ord. 25 Feb. 1625.
All proxies from a spiritual Lord shall be made to a spiritual Lord,
and from a temporal Lord to a temporal Lord.—Per Ord. Ib.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 67
A PROXY IS WACATED ON THE Lord's siTTING IN THE HOUSE.
LXXX. If a Peer, having leave of the King to be absent from
Parliament, gives his proxy, and afterwards sits again in the House,
his coming and sitting again in the House doth determine that proxy-
Per Ord. 25 Aprilis, 1626.
NEW PROxILS NOT TO BE MADE WITHOUT NEW LEAVE.
LXXXI. If a Peer having leave to be absent makes his proxy
and returns, he cannot make a new proxy without new leave.—Per
Ord. Ib.
PROXIES NOT TO BE USED IN GIVING JUDGMENT.
Die Martis, 11 Junii, 1689.
LXXXII. The Clerk of the Parliaments, in pursuance of the order
yesterday, showed several instances where proxies have been used in
preliminaries to private causes. It is ordered, that proxies may be
used in such preliminary cases, but not in giving judgment; and
that this order be added, &c.
PROXIES MAY NOT BE MADE IN JUDICIAL CASES, THOUGH BY BILL.
Die Martis, 15 Martii, 1697.
LXXXIII. Ordered, that no proxy for the future shall be made
use of in any judicial cause in this House, although the proceedings
be by way of Bill. And that this order be added, &c.
LORDS MUST VoTE FOR THEIR PRoxIEs, IF THEY voTE on THE
QUESTION.
Die Lunae, 11 Februarii, 1694.
LXXXIV. The House this day taking into consideration whether
a Lord voting in the question, and having a proxy, is obliged to give
his vote in respect of such proxy; It is ordered, that a Lord having
a proxy and voting in the question, such Lord ought to give a vote
for that proxy, in case proxies be called for. And it is ordered,
that this order be added, &c.
68 STANDING ORDERS
TIME FOR ENTERING PROXIES.
Die Sabbati, 20 Martii, 1696.
LXXXV. Ordered, that the proxy of no Lord shall be entered
the same day on which he has been present in the House, and that
no proxy entered in the book after three of the clock shall be made
use of the same day, in any question; and that the Clerks give an
account thereof to the House.—Entr. per Ord. 16 Januarii, 1702–
Emendat. per Ord. 19 Maii, 1813.
PRECEDENCY GRANTED TO THE EARL OF BAN BURY.
LXXXVI. The order concerning the precedency granted to the
Earl of Banbury, before divers other Lords of an ancienter creation,
which is to be read at the beginning of every session;–viz. the
Lords of this Parliament having understood by the Lords' Committees
for the Privileges of the House, that they are clearly of opinion the
Act of Parliament 31 Henry VIII. is most strong and plain for the
settling the precedency of the Peers according to their ancienty and
times of creation, have, upon full and deliberate hearing and ex-
amining the said Act in every part in open House, adjudged, and do
adjudge and declare, the said Act of 31 Henry VIII. to be full and
direct in the point, to enjoin every Peer upon new creation to have
place according to the time of his creation and date of his letters
patent, and no otherwise. And every other ancient Peer to hold his
place according to his antiquity and creation, and no otherwise, unless
it be in case of such persons and in such places as the said Act doth
particularly mention; and whereas His Majesty was pleased to send
a gracious message to this House, to let us know that it was never
his intention to innovate any thing in that kind, or by that particular
creation to win any power contrary to law or ancient custom in
matter of placing any one before the other: but that His Majesty
having resolved to confer that dignity on that noble person at the
same time with the others then advanced, he being the first in quality
of them, was consequently to have had the first creation; but being
at that time casually forgotten, and His Majesty afterwards re-
membered of him, he did but assign him that rank which at first was
intended, without the least thought of injuring any in the present, or
ever to do the like in future. As also His Majesty desired this might

OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 69
pass for once in this particular, considering how old a man this Lord
is and childless; so that he may enjoy it during his time, with the
assurance that His Majesty will never more occasion the same dispute,
but allow degrees to be marshalled according to the Statute in that
behalf. The Lords do give His Majesty very humble and hearty
thanks for this princely care to satisfy this House of his clear inten-
tions, and are contented (the Lords particularly interested in the
precedency having first given their consents) that the said Lord
may hold the same place as he now stands entered, for his life only,
and that place of precedency not to go to his heirs; with this proviso,
that it shall not in the least degree be brought into example to pre-
judice the undoubted right of the Peers according to the full judg-
ment pronounced; and with this solemn protestation, that as His
Majesty has been pleased to promise he will never in the future seek
to break the precedency settled according to the antiquity of the
creation in any sort, so the Lords will never upon any occasion here-
after give way to any precedency, though but for life or temporary,
in any point impugning or contradicting this judgment, grounded
upon the aforesaid Statute, delivered upon so great and sound de-
liberation and advice, with a general consent; which they have caused
to be entered and enrolled, and which shall be read at the beginning
of every session in open House amongst the orders.-Per. Ord.
10 Aprilis, 1628.
PEERS BY DESCENT MAY SIT IN THE HOUSE WITHOUT INTRODUCTION,
FEE, OR ANY CEREMONY.
Die Lunae, 27 Julii, 1663.
* LXXXVIII. Upon report from the Committee for Privileges
concerning the introduction of Lords by descent into the House of
Peers, it is resolved by the Lords spiritual, &c., that all Peers of
this realm by descent, being of the age of twenty-one years, have
right to come and sit in the House of Peers without any introduc-
tion ; and resolved, that no such Peer ought to pay any fee or fees
to any herald upon his first coming into the House of Peers. And
resolved, that no such Peers may or shall be introduced into the
House of Peers by any herald, or with any ceremony, though they

* Qrder LXXXVII, is omitted, having been amended, or rather superseded, by
No. CXIV, which is dated Feb. 27, 1721, and will be found in its place.
70 STANDING ORDERS
shall desire the same. Resolved, that these votes be entered and
affixed to the general roll of Orders of the House of Peers, to pre-
vent all questions or claims of this kind for the future.
PEERS CLAIMING BY LIMITATION, To BE INTRODUCED.
Die Martis, 28 Junii, 1715.
LXXXIX. Ordered, that every Peer of this realm claiming by
virtue of a special limitation in remainder, and not claiming by
descent, shall be introduced.
BILLS FOR RESTITUTION IN BLOOD TO BE SIGNED BY THE KING, AND
To BEGIN IN THE LoRDs' Hous E.
Die Jovis, 2 Martii, 1664.
XC. Upon report from the Lords' Committee for Privileges, that
in pursuance of the first part of the orders of the 24th of February
last, directed to the Committee upon the reading of a Bill for restor-
ing Sir Charles Stanley in blood, it was ascertained that the said
Bill began in the House of Commons; and it appearing by the re-
cords of Parliament that all Bills for the restitution in blood ought,
before they be admitted and received in Parliament (upon humble
petition), to have the King's allowance for presenting the said Bills,
and that then they are to be prosecuted and begun in the House of
Peers. Contrary to which privilege there having been errors com-
mitted by reason of beginning some Bills of this nature in the
Lower House ; our late Sovereign King James was pleased to take
notice thereof openly, giving admonition to both Houses concerning
one Act (namely, for Restitution of Rowland Merrick in blood), that
no such Act of Restitution from thenceforth should be proceeded
withal in Parliament, till the same were first allowed and signed by
the King; and that then it ought to begin first in the Higher House;
whereof his said Majesty did expressly will an observation and re-
membrance to be made. Notwithstanding which rule, by reason of
the interruption of the regular and parliamentary way of proceedings
occasioned by the late tumultuous times, whereby Sir Charles Stanley
and his counsel have been mistaken in the proper way of bringing
a Bill for the restitution of blood into the Parliament, the Lords
spiritual and temporal in Parliament assembled do declare, that,
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 71
although they have been pleased to receive the said Bill, yet it is
with the positive resolution, that, for the future, no such Act of resti-
tution shall be proceeded withal in Parliament, till the same be first
allowed and signed by the King's Majesty; and that then it shall
begin first in the House of Peers; and that to this purpose the said
resolution of this House, conformable to the orders of the 22d and
27th of May, in 3 Jacobi, 1606, be entered upon the roll of the Stand-
ing Orders of this House.
COMMITTEE FOR EXAMINING THE JOURNAL-BOOK.
Die Jovis, 23 Mail, 1678.
XCI. Ordered, that the Lords' Sub-Committees for Privileges and
Perusal of the Journal-book, have hereby power given them to exa-
mine so much of the Journal-book of this House as was left unex-
amined at the last prorogation, and they are hereby empowered
without further order. And that for the future the said Lords'
Sub-Committees are hereby empowered to meet after every session
for examining of so much of the Journal-book as shall be left unex-
amined at the time of the ending of such session, without any fur-
ther order—Ent, per Ord. 9 Novembris, 1685.
OATHS OF ALLEGIANCE, &c. To BE ADMINISTERED TO PEERS BEFORE
THE COMMENCE MENT OF BUSINESS.
Die Mercurii, 19 Martii, 1678.
XCII. Whereas, by an Act passed in the 30th year of his now
Majesty's reign, entitled, “An Act for the more effectual preserving
the King's Person and Government, by disabling Papists from sitting
in either House of Parliament,” all and every the Peers of this
realm are to take the oaths of allegiance and supremacy, and make
and subscribe the declaration in the said Act contained, in such man-
ner as therein is directed: now for preventing interruption of de-
bates by the late coming in of Lords to take the said oaths, and make
and subscribe the said declaration,--It is ordered, that such Peers
as have not taken the said oaths and subscribed the said declaration,
and come to the House with an intent to do the same, are to be pre-
sent for that purpose at the first sitting of the House; and it is fur-
ther ordered, that this order be added, &c.
72 STANDING ORDERS
LORDS NOT TO SIT IN PARLIAMENT BEFORE TWENTY-ONE YEARS
OF AGE.
Die Veneris, 22 Maii, 1685.
XCIII. Ordered, that no Lord under the age of twenty-one years
shall be permitted to sit in this House. And it is further ordered,
that this be added, &c.
consents To, AND NoTICE of, PRIVATE BILLS.
Die Mercurii, 20 Aprilis, 1698.
XCIV. Ordered, that for the future it be a general instruction to
all Committees who shall meet upon private Bills, that they take no
notice of the consent of any person to the passing such Bill, unless
such person appear before them, or that there be an affidavit of two
persons made, that he or she is not able to attend, and doth consent
to the said Bill; and that when any Committee shall be appointed
on a private Bill, notice thereof be affixed on the doors of this House,
fourteen days before the meeting of the said Committee. And that
this order be added, &c.
THE BRING ING IN OF PRIVATE BILLS TO BE PETITIONED FOR.
Die Jovis, 7 Decembris, 1699.
XCV. Ordered, that for the future no private Bill shall be brought
into this House until the House be informed of the matters therein
contained, by petition to this House for leave to bring in such Bill.
And that this order be added, &c.
PRIVATE BILLS TO BE PRINTED BEFORE BEING READ.
Die Veneris, 16 Novembris, 1705.
XCVI. Ordered, that for the future no private Bill shall be read
in this House a second time, until printed copies thereof be left with
the Clerk of the Parliaments for the perusal of the Lords, and that
one of the said copies shall be delivered to every person that shall
be concerned in the said Bill, before the meeting of the Committee
upon such Bill; and in case of infancy, to be delivered to the guar-
dian or next relation of full age, not concerned in interest in passing
the said Bill. And that this order be added, &c.—Emendat, per Ord.
13 Maii, 1742.

OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 73
CAUSE S TO HAVE PRECE DENCE OF PRIVATE BILLS.
Die Lunae, 14 Januarii, 1705.
XCVII. Ordered and declared, that for the future, when any
cause shall be appointed to be heard in this House, no private Bill
whatsoever shall be read that day before hearing of the cause.—Ent.
per Ord. 18 Jan. 1705.
SIGNATURES TO PETITIONS FOR PRIVATE BILLS.
Die Sabbati, 16 Februarii, 1705.
XCVIII. Ordered, that, for the future, all parties concerned in
the consequences of any private Bills shall sign the petition that
desires to bring such private Bill into this House.
PRIVATE BILLs To BE REFERRED To, AND sign ED BY, Two JUDGEs.
XCIX. Ordered, that when a petition for a private Bill shall be
offered to this House, it shall be referred to two of the Judges, who
are forthwith to summon all parties before them who may be con-
cerned in the Bill; and after hearing all the parties, and perusing
the Bill, are to report to the House the state of the case, and their
opinion thereupon, under their hands, and are to sign the said Bill.
The same method to be observed as to private Bills that are brought
up from the House of Commons, before the second reading of such
Bills, by sending a copy of the said Bill, signed by the Clerk, to the
Judges.
TRUSTEES IN PRIVATE BILLS TO APPEAR PERSONALLY.
* CI. Ordered, that in all cases where trustees shall be appointed
by any private Bill, the Committee to whom the said Bill is referred
do take care that the trustees appear personally before them, and
accept the trust under their hands; and also that the Lord who
shall be in the Chair of a Committee for the passing of any private
Bill, when he makes his report, shall acquaint the House that all the
orders of the House in relation to private Bills were duly observed
in the passing the said Bill through the Committee.
* No. C. is omitted, being superseded by the Order numbered CXXVI., which
is dated the 19th of May, 1762.
L

74 STANDING ORDERS
STANDING ORDERS ON PRIVATE BILLS TO BE LAID BEFORE THE
COMMITTEE.
CII. Ordered, that for the future, when any private Bill shall be
sent by the House to a Committee, there be at the same time trans-
mitted to them a copy of these orders now made, and of all other
standing orders of the House then in force, relating to the passing of
private Bills.-Ent, per Ord. 19 Feb. 1705.
WITNESSES ON PRIVATE BILLS TO BE FIRST SWORN AT THE BAR OF
THE HOUSE.
Die Mercurii, 18 Decembris, 1706.
CIII. The House being informed, that upon the reference of peti-
tions for private Bills to the Judges, pursuant to the standing orders
of this House, there arises some difficulty as to the examination upon
oath of the persons who are produced before them to prove the facts
as to the merits of such Bills; It is ordered, that upon the refer-
ence of any private Bill to the Judges, as aforesaid, the Judges to
whom the said Bill shall be referred (unless the same shall be re-
ferred to the Judges of those parts of the United Kingdom called
Scotland or Ireland) shall send to this House a list or lists of such
persons' names as are to be sworn in relation to such Bill, and that
they shall be thereupon sworn at the Bar of this House, in order to
be examined by the Judges upon such oath, in relation to such Bill
before them.—Ent. per Ord. 20 Dec. 1706.-Emendat. per Ord. 9
Decembris, 1801.
CAUTION TO BE observed IN MAKING, or DisPENSING witH,
STANDING ORDER. S.
Die Veneris, 28 Aprilis, 1699.
CIV. Ordered, that for the future no motion shall be granted for
making any order of this House a standing order, or for dispensing
with a standing order of this House, the same day it is made, nor
before the House shall be summoned to consider of the said motion.
And this to be added to the roll of Standing Orders.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 75
CERTIFICATES OF CERTIORARIES AWARDED UPON WRIT'S OF ERROR.
Die Veneris, 21 Februarii, 1717.
CW. Ordered, that in all cases upon writs of error depending in
this House, when diminution shall be at any time alleged, and a
Certiorari prayed and awarded, before in nullo est erratum pleaded,
the Clerk of the Parliaments shall, upon request to him made, give a
certificate that diminution is so alleged, and a Certiorari prayed and
awarded thereupon. Ordered, that this order be entered, &c.
PEREMPTORY DAYS FOR ANSWER ING APPEAL.S.
Die Veneris, 15 Januarii, 1719.
CVI. Ordered, that when, upon an appeal to this House, an order
is made for the respondent to answer thereto by a time limited, and
no answer is put in by that time, upon proof made of due service of
such order, a peremptory day shall be appointed for putting in the
answer without any further notice to be given to the respondent.—
Ent. per Ord. 19 Januarii, 1719.
ANSWERS To APPEALs NoT HEARD IN on E SESSION, To BE BROUGHT
oN, THE BEGINNING OF NEXT.
Die Martis, 29 Martii, 1720.
CVII. Ordered, that such appeals as have been presented during
this session, to which answers have been, or shall be, put in during
this session, and for hearing whereof no day hath been, or shall be,
appointed in this session, and all such appeals as shall be presented
in any subsequent session, to which answers shall be put in, during
the same session, and for hearing whereof no day shall be appointed
in such session; if neither the appellant nor respondent shall apply
to this House within eight days (to be accounted from and after the
first day of the next session or meeting of Parliament) for a day for
hearing such appeals, the same shall stand dismissed; but without
prejudice to the appellants presenting any new appeals thereafter, as
they shall be advised.—Emendat. per Ord. 5 Aprilis, 1734.
UNANSWERED APPEALS TO STAND DISMISSED, UNLESS PROSECUTED
AT THE COMMENCEMENT OF NEXT SESSION.
CVIII. Ordered, that such appeals as have been presented during
this session, to which no answers may have been or shall be put in
76 STANDING ORDERS
during this session, and all such appeals as shall be presented in any
subsequent session, to which no answers have been or shall be put in
during the same session ; if neither the appellant, within eight days
(to be accounted from and after the first day of the next session or
meeting of Parliament), shall apply to this House to appoint a per-
emptory day to answer, nor the respondent put in an answer within
the said eight days, such appeals shall stand dismissed, but without
prejudice to the appellants presenting any new appeals thereafter, as
they shall be advised.
DATE of ANSWERS To APPEALS TO BE ENDORSED, AND NAMEs
ENTERED IN THE JOURNAL S.
CIX. Ordered, that when any answer to an appeal shall be put
in for the future, the Clerk to whom it shall be delivered do imme-
diately endorse thereon the day on which such answer is brought in ;
and that the names of the parties answering and to whose appeals
such answers are put in, be the same day entered in the Journal of
this House-Ent, per Ord, 5 Aprilis, 1720.
AFFIDAVIT OF BREACH of PRIVILEGE IN IRE LAND, SUFFICIENT
TO TAKE A PERSON INTO CUST ODY.
Die Veneris, 3 Junii, 1720.
CX. The House (according to order) proceeded to take into con-
sideration the standing order of the eleventh of January, 1699, which
requires oath of a breach of privilege to be made at the Bar of this
House, in order to the taking any person into custody; and the same
being read, this explanation of and addition to the said order was
made, viz.: That the same is to be understood only of breaches of
privilege committed in Great Britain, but that oath made by affidavit
in writing of a breach of privilege committed in Ireland may be suffi-
cient ground to take into custody the person thereby proved to have
been guilty of such breach of privilege, though no oath be made
thereof at the Bar of this House. Ordered, that the said explanation
and addition be entered, &c.
PREVENTION OF DIS ORDER IN THE HOUSE WHEN THE KING IS
PRESENT.
Die Lunae, 19 Decembris, 1720.
CXI. Upon report from the Lords' Committees appointed to con-
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS, 77
sider of great disorders that have been in this House, especially when
His Majesty is present, and of proper methods to prevent the same
for the future ; it is ordered, that when His Majesty shall come
publicly to this House, all the Lords shall be in their robes, and sit
in their due places.
That at all such solemn times, before His Majesty comes, all the
doors of this House, and those leading thereunto, particularly to the
Prince's Chamber, shall be kept shut, and no person whatsoever
[except the Lords and assistants of this House, the eldest sons of
Peers who have a right to sit and vote in this House, and the officers
and attendants thereto belonging] shall be suffered to come within
the doors of this House, other than the Master of the Ceremonies,
and such as he shall certify the Lord Great Chamberlain to be foreign
ministers, or other foreigners of distinction; nor shall any ladies or
men be permitted to come into the House at any of the doors, unless
some Lord doth move the House for such by name:–And, on the first
day of a session, none but such as shall apply by name to the Lord
Great Chamberlain, or his Deputy, and be admitted by his Lordship's
directions:—And that no person whatsoever do presume to stand
upon the throne, or steps thereof, but such as carry His Majesty's
train, who shall stand behind the chair; and those that bear the re-
galia, upon the second step of the throne.
That on such days as His Majesty shall come publicly to this
House, the Painted Chamber, and lobby leading from it to the
House, shall, by the care of the Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod,
the Yeoman Usher, and doorkeepers, be kept clear from footmen, and
all other persons [except such gentlemen and servants as attend the
Lords with their robes]. And that no person be covered when any
Lord is there ; and also that the Knight Marshal's Men appointed
to attend this House do take care to keep the stairs and avenues
leading thereunto free from disturbances by footmen or any other
persons; and further, that the Lord Great Chamberlain, or his Deputy,
be desired to take care and give charge to the said Gentleman Usher,
Yeoman Usher, and doorkeepers, as also to the said Knight Marshal's
Men respectively, to see this order duly observed; and that it be
printed and published, and affixed on the doors of this House and
Westminster Hall, to the end all persons may the better take notice
of the same.—Ent. per Ord. 22 Dec. 1720.
With this addition, viz.: That it be affixed on the doors belonging
78 - STANDING ORDERS
to this House and Westminster Hall, the first day of every session of
Parliament.—Emendat, per Ord. 22 Februarii, 1733.
ORDER OF THE DAY FOR PUBLIC BUSINESS NOT TO BE READ TILL
THE HOUSE IS CLEAR ED.
Die Mercurii, 25 Januarii, 1720.
CXII. Ordered, that when an order of the day is appointed to be
read, for taking any public business into consideration, the Lord on
the woolsack do stop the reading of the order till the House shall
be cleared of all persons that have no right to be in the House, when
sitting, if any such shall be there at that time.—Ent. per Ord, 26
Jan. 1720.
PRINTING THE works, Lives, or wills, of Lords, witHour
CONSENT, A BREACH OF PRIVILEGE.
Die Mercurii, 31 Januarii, 1721.
CXIII. Notice being taken, that the works, lives, and last wills
of divers Lords of this House have been frequently printed imper-
fectly, and published after their deaths, without the direction or con-
sent of the heirs, executors, administrators, or trustees of such Lords;
It is, therefore, resolved and declared, that if, after the death of any
Lord of this House, any person presume to publish in print his works,
or any part of them not published in his life-time, or his life, or last
will, without consent of his heirs, executors, administrators, or trus-
tees, the same is a breach of privilege of this House.
Ordered, that the said resolution and declaration be entered, &c.
and printed and published, and affixed on the doors of this House, to
the end all persons that may be therein concerned may the better
take notice of the same.
time For ENTERING AND signING PRotests IN THE cle RK's Books.
Die Martis, 27 Februarii, 1721.
CXIV. Ordered, that such Lords as shall make protestation, or
enter their dissents from any votes of this House (as they have a right
to do without asking leave of the House, either with or without their
reasons), shall cause their protestation, or dissents, to be entered in
the Clerk's book, the next sitting day of this House, before the hour
of two o'clock, otherwise the same shall not be entered, and shall
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 79
sign the same before the rising of the House the same day.—Ent.
per Ord. 3 Martii, 1721.
CLERKS AND OFFICERS NOT TO BE DISPLACED WITHOUT ORDER,
Die Jovis, 6 Februarii, 1723.
CXV. Ordered, that the Clerk-Assistant, and other Clerks offi-
ciating at the table of this House (except the Clerk of the Parlia-
ments) shall not be at any time suspended, or removed from their
offices or employments, without the order of the House.—Ent. per
Ord. 10 Feb. 1723.-Emendat. per Ord. 5 Februarii, 1825.
written PRotections DECLARED NULL AND void, &c.
Die Martis, 25 Februarii, 1723.
CXVI. The order of the day being read for taking into considera-
tion the several lists of certificates of written protections delivered
yesterday at the Bar, by the Secondaries of the two Compters in
London, the Under Sheriff of Middlesex, and the High Bailiff of
Westminster, which are entered in their respective offices; and the
said officers attending were called in, and the standing order of this
House of the 15th of April, 1712, in relation to written protections,
being read, they were severally examined as to their knowledge of
the said order, as also touching the manner or method of their enter-
ing written protections, and then they were directed to withdraw,
and the following order and declaration was made.
Ordered and declared, that all the said written protections are
null and void, and all other protections, which shall be at any time
hereafter given contrary to the said standing order, shall be taken to
be null and void; and that no Sheriff, Under Sheriff, Deputy Sheriff,
Secondary, or other officer, whose duty it is to issue any legal process,
or to execute the same, or cause the same to be executed, shall receive
or allow, or have any regard to, or make any entry in his office, of
any written protection which is or shall be signed, or pretended to
be signed, by any Lord of this House : but that nothing herein con-
tained shall be understood in any sort to derogate from the ancient
privilege of the Lords of Parliament, with respect to their menial ser-
vants, and those of their family; as also those employed necessarily
and properly about their estates, as well as their persons; or to ex-
pose to arrests those who are really servants to them, as aforesaid.—
Ent, per Ord, 29 Feb. 1723, &c. &c.—(See Order LXVII.)

80 STANDING ORDERS
PRINTED CASES TO BE DISTRIBUTED FOUR DAYS BEFORE CAUSEs
A RE HEARD.
Die Veneris, 18 Decembris, 1724.
CXVII. Ordered, that, in all causes on appeals, or writs of error,
appointed to be heard in this House, the appellants and respondents,
the plaintiffs and defendants, or their respective agents, or solicitors,
do, for the future, deliver to the Clerk of the Parliaments, or Clerk-
Assistant, to be distributed to the Lords of this House, the printed
cases upon such appeals or writs of error, at least four days before
the hearing of the same ; and that no other or different cases in any
such causes be at any time afterwards printed or delivered. And it
is further ordered, that this order be forthwith printed and affixed
on the doors of this House and Westminster Hall, to the end, &c.—
Ent, per Ord. 12 Jan. 1724—Emendat per Ord. 28 Feb. 1764.
TIME FoR BRINGING APPEALs, LIMITED.
Die Jovis, 24 Martii, 1725.
CXVIII. Ordered, that no petition of appeal from any decree or
sentence of any court of equity in England or Ireland, or of any court
in Scotland, before this time signed and enrolled or extracted, shall
be received by this House after five years, to be accounted from the
expiration of this present session of Parliament, and the end of the
next session ensuing the said five years; nor shall any petition
of appeal, from any decree or sentence of any of the said courts, to be
hereafter signed and enrolled or extracted, be received by this House,
after five years from the signing and enrolling, or extracting, of such
decree or sentence, and the end of fourteen days, to be accounted
from and after the first day of the session or meeting of Parliament,
next ensuing the said five years; unless the person entitled to such
appeal be within the age of one and twenty years, or covert, non
compos mentis, imprisoned, or out of Great Britain and Ireland: in
which case, such person shall and may be at liberty to bring his or her
appeal for reversing any such decree or sentence at any time within
five years next after his or her full age, discoverture, coming of sound
mind, enlargement out of prison, or coming into Great Britain or Ire-
land; and fourteen days to be accounted from and after the first day of
the session or meeting of Parliament next ensuing the said five years,
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 81
but not afterwards, or otherwise. Ent, per Ord. 29 Martii, 1726–
Emendat. per Ord. 2 Junii, 1737.
MODE OF PROCEED ING AT THE HEARING OF CAUSES.
Die Sabbati, 2 Martii, 1727.
CXIX. Upon report from the Committee of the whole House,
appointed to take into consideration matters relating to the pro-
ceedings on appeals and writs of error, It is ordered, that at the
hearing of causes, for the future, one of the counsel for the appellants
shall open the cause ; then the evidence on their side shall be read;
which done, the other counsel for the appellants may make observa-
tions on the evidence; then one of the counsel for the respondents
shall be heard, and the evidence on their side to be read; after which
the other counsel for the respondents shall be heard, and one counsel
only for the appellants to reply—Ent, per Ord. 4 Martii, 1727.
WHAT CONSTITUTES A WAIVER OF PRIVILEGE.
Die Mercurii, 17 Martii, 1730.
CXX. Ordered, that no declaration made by any Lord of this
House of a waiver of his privilege, shall be construed to be a waiver
of privilege, unless it be in writing signed by himself, or unless such
declaration be made in person openly in this House.—Ord. 22 Martii,
1730.
LORDS COMING TO A COMMITTEE OF PRIVILEGES SHALL BE OF THAT
COMMITTEE.
Die Veneris, 25 Februarii, 1731.
CXXI. Ordered, that all the Lords who shall come to any Com-
mittee of Privileges shall be of that Committee.—Ent, per Ord. 29
Feb. 1731.
TIMES LIMITED FOR PUTTING IN ANSWERS TO APPEAL.S.
Die Veneris, 28 Martii, 1735.
* CXXIII. Upon report from the Lords' Committees appointed to
consider of the standing orders of this House, in relation to the put-
* Order No. CXXII. is omitted, being superseded by No. CXXIV., entered on
the Roll on the 8th of June, 1749.
MI
82 STANDING ORDERS
ting in of answers to appeals; It is ordered and declared, that when,
upon an appeal to this House, an order hath been or shall be made
for the respondent or respondents to answer thereto by a time limited;
if the session of Parliament, wherein such order hath been or shall be
made, shall determine before the time so limited for answering shall be
expired, and no answer shall be put in during the same session, service
of such order upon the respondent to such appeal, by the space of
five weeks at least before the first day of the then next session, shall
be deemed good service; and the appellant may apply to this House
for a peremptory day for putting in the answer in case the respondent
shall not put in his answer within three days, to be computed from the
first day of the next session of Parliament. And it is further ordered,
that this order and declaration be entered, &c. and affixed on the
doors of this House and Westminster Hall.
APPEALS TO BE HEARD, IN CONSECUTIVE SESSIONS, AS THEY STAND
APPOINTED.
Die Jovis, 8 Junii, 1749.
CXXIV. Upon report from the Lords' Committees appointed to
consider of the standing order of this House of the 5th of April, 1734,
in relation to the hearing of appeals left undetermined in a former
session, and what alterations or amendments are proper to be made
therein, in order to render the same more effectual; It is ordered,
that all such appeals as have been presented, for hearing whereof
days have been appointed during this session, which shall not be
determined in this session; and all such appeals as shall be presented
for hearing, whereof days shall be appointed in any subsequent session,
which shall not be determined in the same session, shall be heard and
determined in the beginning of next session of Parliament, in the same
order and course as they shall stand to be heard at the end of this or
any future session, without any new application to this House to
appoint a day for hearing the same: and that such of the said appeals
as shall stand first to be heard at the end of this or any future session
of Parliament shall stand to be heard upon the Wednesday in the
week next after that week in which any subsequent session of Par-
liament shall begin; the second upon the Friday following, and the
third upon the Monday following; and from thence the rest of the said
appeals, in course, upon every Wednesday, Friday, and Monday, until
they shall be all heard and determined; and that in case any such
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 83
appeal shall not be adjourned by order of this House, made before the
day on which the same is hereby appointed to be heard, and the party
or parties on one side shall attend by their counsel, and the parties
on the other side shall not attend by their counsel, on the said day
appointed for hearing thereof; such appeal shall be heard ea parte:
and in case neither of the said parties to such appeal shall attend by
their counsel on the said day appointed for hearing thereof, then such
appeal shall stand absolutely dismissed; but without prejudice in this
last case to the appellant or appellants presenting any new appeal
thereafter, in such manner as the appellants might have done in case
such former appeal had not been presented to this House, as he or
they shall be advised.
Ordered, that the standing order aforementioned be vacated and
made void; and that this order be substituted instead thereof, and de-
clared to be a Standing Order; and that it be entered, &c. and affixed
on the doors of this House and Westminster Hall. (See Orders
CLXXXII. and CC.)
NO LORDS HAVE PRIVILEGE AGAINST WRITS OF HABEAS CORPUS.
Die Mercurii, 8 Junii, 1757.
CXXV. Ordered and declared, that no Peer or Lord of Parliament
hath privilege of peerage or of Parliament against being compelled by
process of the courts in Westminster Hall to pay obedience to a writ
of habeas corpus directed to him: and it is further ordered, that this
order and declaration be entered, &c.
REGULATIONS FOR BILLS FOR THE SALE AND PURCHASE OF LANDS.
Die Mercurii, 19 Maii, 1762.
CXXVI. Upon the report ºnade from the Lords' Committees ap-
pointed to take into consideration the roll of standing orders of this
House, in relation to the standing order of the 16th of February,
1705, No. C., it is ordered, that where a Bill is brought in to em-
power any person to sell or dispose of lands in one place, and to buy or
settle lands in another place, the Committee to whom such Bill shall
be referred do take care that the values be fully made out; and if the
Bill shall not be for making a new purchase, but only for settling
other lands in lieu of those to be sold, in that case provision shall be
made in the Bill, that such other lands be settled accordingly: but if
the Bill shall be to purchase and settle other lands, in that case the
84 STANDING ORDERS
Committee are to take care that there be a binding agreement pro-
duced for such new purchase; or if it shall be made to appear to the
Committee that such agreement cannot then be made, or that such
purchase cannot then be made and settled as desired by the Bill, and
the Committee shall then be satisfied with the reasons alleged for
either of those purposes; in either of these cases, provision shall be
made in the Bill that so much of the money arising by sale of the
lands directed to be sold, as is to be laid out in a new purchase, shall
be paid by the purchaser or purchasers into the Bank of England, in
the name and with the privity of the Accomptant-General of the High
Court of Chancery, to be placed to his account there, ew parte the
purchaser or purchasers of the estate of the person or persons men-
tioned in the title of the said Bill, pursuant to the method prescribed
by the Act of the 12th year of King George I. chap. 32. and the
general orders of the said Court, and without fee or reward, according
to the Act of the 12th year of George II. chap. 24., and shall, when
so paid in, be laid out in the purchase of Navy, Victualling, or Ex-
chequer bills. And it is further ordered, that the interest arising from
the money so laid out in the said Navy or Victualling bills, or Ex-
chequer bills, and the money received for the same, as they shall be
respectively paid off by Government, shall be laid out in the name of the
said Accomptant-General in the purchase of other Navy or Victualling,
or Exchequer bills: all which said Navy, and Victualling,and Exchequer
bills shall be deposited in the Bank, in the name of the said Accomptant-
General, and shall there remain until a proper purchase or purchases be
found and approved, as shall be directed by such Bill, and until the
same shall (upon a petition setting forth such approbation, to be
preferred to the Court of Chancery in a summary way, by the persons
to be named in the Bill), be ordered to be sold by the said Accompt-
ant-General, for the completing such purchase in such manner as the
said Court shall think just and direct. And it is further ordered,
that if the money arising by the sale of such Navy, Victualling, or
Exchequer bills shall exceed the amount of the original purchase
money so laid out as aforesaid, then, and in that case only, the sur-
plus which shall remain, after discharging the expense of the appli-
cations to the Court, shall be paid to such person or persons respect-
ively as would have been entitled to receive the rents and profits of
the lands directed to be purchased, in case the same had been pur-
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 85
chased pursuant to the Act, or to the representatives of such person
or persons.—Emendat. per Ord. 18 Junii, 1795.
Ordered, that the standing order before mentioned be vacated and
made void; and that this order be substituted instead thereof, and
declared to be a Standing Order, &c.—Emendat. per Ord. 18 Martii,
1777, et 18 Junii, 1795.
TIME LIMITED FOR BRING ING CIR OSS APPEAL.S.
Die Martis, 8 Martii, 1763.
CXXVII. Ordered, that for the future, if the respondent or
respondents to any appeal depending in this House shall be desirous
to exhibit a cross appeal, they shall present the same within one week
after the answer put in to the original appeal, otherwise the same shall
not be received.—Ent, per Ord. 10 Martii, 1763.
TIME FOR DELIVERY, AND CONTENTS OF PRINTED CASES IN CLAIMS
OF PEERA.G.E.
Die Veneris, 20 Martii, 1767.
CXXVIII. Ordered, that this House, or any Committee thereof,
do not proceed to the hearing upon any claim to a title of honour,
until fourteen days after printed cases shall have been delivered, which
shall contain a pedigree and also an abstract of the proofs and authori-
ties upon which such claim may be founded, together with the dates
thereof, and references where the same may be found.—Ent, per
Ord. 24 Martii, 1767.-Emendat, per Ord. 6 Aprilis, 1824.
NONE BUT PERSONS HAVING A RIGHT, TO BE IN THE HOUSE WHEN
SITTING-
Die Veneris, 18 Aprilis, 1788.
* CXXX. Upon consideration of the report from the Lords' Com-
mittees for Privileges, to whom it was referred to consider of the rules
and orders of this House for preserving order therein, It is ordered,
that for the future no person shall be in any part of the House during
the sitting of the House, except Lords of Parliament and Peers of
the United Kingdom, not being members of the House of Commons,
and heirs apparent of such Peers or of Peeresses of the United King-
* Order CXXIX., which referred to the descents of Peers, was repealed on the
18th of June, 1802.
86 STANDING ORDERS
dom in their own right, and such other persons as attend this House
as assistants; and that this be added, &c.—Emendat. per Ord.
26 Maii, 1802.*
PETITIONS FOR PRIVATE BILLs, RELATIVE To Estates IN scot LAND,
TO BE REFERRED TO TWO JUDGES OF THE COURT OF SESSION.
Die Mercurii, 16 Maii, 1792.
CXXXI. Ordered, that for the future, where a petition for a pri-
vate Bill concerning estates in land or heritable subjects, situate in
that part of Great Britain called Scotland, shall be offered to this
House, it shall be referred to two of the Judges of the Court of
Session in Scotland, who are forthwith to summon all parties before
them who may be concerned in the Bill; and after hearing all the
parties, and perusing the Bill, are to report to the House the state of
the case, and their opinion thereupon, under their hands, and are to
sign the said Bill. The same method is to be observed as to private
Bills, concerning estates in land or heritable subjects situated in that
part of Great Britain called Scotland, brought from the House of
Commons, before the second reading of such Bill, by sending a copy
of the said Bill, signed by the Clerk, to two of the Judges of the Court
of Session in Scotland, to whom such Bill shall be referred.
consBNTs of PERsons IN scot LAND, GIVEN BEFORE THE JUDGE's, To
BE SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE AT COMMITTEES.
CXXXII. Ordered, that, for the future, all persons concerned in
the consequences of such private Bills as aforesaid, and who reside in
Scotland, may give their consent to the passing of such Bills before
two Judges of the Court of Session, to whom such private Bills as
aforesaid shall be referred; and the certificate of the said Judges, by
which it shall appear that on a day and at a place to be therein ex-
pressed, such person or persons did appear personally before them,
and being aware of the interest they may have in such Bill, did give
his, her, or their, consent for him or themselves, and for those for
whom, according to the law of Scotland, he, she, or they, may be
entitled to consent, and did accept the trust proposed to be vested in
him or them by the said Bill, and did in their presence sign a Bill
* This Order was substituted for two Standing Orders of the 5th of April and the
24th of November, 1707.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 87
(which Bill, together with the said certificate, must be produced),
shall be held as sufficient evidence of the consent of such person or
persons before any Committee of this House to whom the considera-
tion of such Bill may be referred.
CoNSENTS OF HEIRS OF ENTAIL TO BE IN PERSON, OR BY INSTRUMENTS
DULY EXECUTED.
CXXXIII. Ordered, that it be a general instruction to the Judges
who shall meet to take the consent of heirs of entail concerned in the
consequences of private Bills, relating to estates in Scotland, that they
take no notice of the consent of any person to the passing of such Bill,
unless such person appear before them, or that it be made manifest to
them by an instrument under the hand of a notary public, duly exe-
cuted according to the forms required by the law of Scotland, that he
or she is not able to attend, and doth consent to the said Bill.
Ordered, that the said orders be made Standing Orders, and that
they be entered, &c.—Emendat, per Ord. 24 Feb. 1806, 18 Feb.
1817, et ll Maii, 1824.
ALL STANDING or DERs, RELATIVE TO BILLS SENT To committ EEs,
TO BE LAID BEFORE THEM.
Die Lunae, 11 Martii, 1793.
* CXXXIX. Ordered, that for the future, when any Bill shall be
sent by this House to a Committee, there shall be, at the same time,
transmitted to such Committee a copy of all the standing orders of
the House, then in force, relating to the passing of such Bills; and
such Committee shall examine, in the first place, whether the said
orders have, or have not, been complied with, and shall report the
same to the House.—Ordered, that the said order, &c.—Ent, per
Ord. 14 Martii, 1793.-Emendat. per Ord. 8 Februarii, 1825.
PETITION FOR A DIVORCE BILL TO BE ACCOMPANIED BY A CoPY OF
THE TRIAL.
Die Mercurii, 28 Martii, 1798.
f CXLI. Ordered, that for the future no petition for any bill of
divorce shall be presented to this House, unless an official copy of the
* Orders CXXXIV., CXXXV., CXXXVI., CXXXVII., and CXXXVIII.
were vacated by an Order of the 8th of Feb. 1825.
f Order CXL. was vacated by an Order of the 8th February, 1825.
88 STANDING ORDERS
proceedings, and of a definitive sentence of divorce, a mensa et thoro,
in the Ecclesiastical Court, at the suit of the party desirous to pre-
sent such petition, shall be delivered upon oath at the Bar of this
House at the same time.
PETITIONERS TO ATTEND ON THE SECOND READING OF THE DIVORCE
BILLS.
CXLII. Ordered, that for the future, upon the second reading of any
bill of divorce, the petitioner praying for the same do attend this House,
in order to his being examined at the Bar, if the House shall think
fit, whether there has or has not been any collusion directly or indi-
rectly on his part, relative to any act of adultery that may have been
committed by his wife, or whether there be any collusion directly or
indirectly between him and his wife, or any other person or persons,
touching the said bill of divorce, or touching any proceedings or sen-
tence of divorce had in the Ecclesiastical Court at his suit, or touch-
ing any action at law which may have been brought by such petitioner
against any person for criminal conversation with the petitioner's
wife ; and also, whether, at the time of the adultery of which such
petitioner complains, his wife was by deed or otherwise by his con-
sent living separate and apart from him, and released by him as far
as in him lies from her conjugal duty, or whether she was at the time
of such adultery cohabiting with him, and under the protection and
authority of him as her husband. Ordered, that the said orders be
declared Standing Orders, and that they be entered on the Roll, &c.
CONSENTS TO PRIVATE BILLS WHERE THE PETITIONERS ARE
TENANTS For LIFE, AND IN TAIL, &c.
Die Lunae, 29 Aprilis, 1799.
*CXLV. Ordered, that where a petitioner for a private Bill is
tenant for life in possession, and another petitioner for the same Bill
is tenant in tail in remainder, and of age, and where it is competent
for the two together, by deed, fine, and common recovery, to bar the
rights and interests of all persons in remainder after the estate in tail
* The Order No. CXLIII. was superseded by No. CLXVII., dated the 3rd of
Dec. 1802. The latter (viz. CLXVII.) was in its turn superseded by the Order
numbered CLXXI, which was entered on the Roll on Jan. 2nd, 1807.
Order CXLIV. was vacated by Order, on the 7th of May, 1800, and another
substituted for it at the same time, viz. No. CLIV.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 89
of the petitioner, the Committee shall not in such case be required
to take the consent of any of the persons in remainder, after the
estate of such tenant in tail, to the passing of such bill.
cons ENTs, wher E wom EN HAVE AN INTEREST.
CXLVI. Ordered, that in all private Bills, when any married or
unmarried woman, or when any widow desires to consent to the sale
or exchange of any estate in which she may have an interest, or upon
which she may be entitled to a jointure or rent charge of any sort,
or if she shall desire to sell or otherwise dispose of all or any part of
such jointure, rent charge, or interest, the Committee shall require,
not only her own consent in person, but also that of her trustee or
trustees. -
consents, when E CHILDREN HAVE AN INTEREST.
CXLVII. Ordered, that in all private Bills, when any estate is
proposed to be sold or exchanged, on which the whole or any part of
the fortune of any child or children is secured, or in which any such
child or children hath or have an interest, the Committee shall take
the consent of any such child or children, if he, she, or they, is or are
under age, by his, her, or their parents or guardians; and if of age,
then the consent of the trustee or trustees for such child or children
shall also be taken, as well as the personal consent of such party.
TRUSTEES TO CONSENT IN PERSON.
CXLVIII. Ordered, that the consent of all trustees shall be re-
quired in person before the Committee, where any money is to pass
through the hands of any such trustees, whether for jointure, pin
money, the fortunes of younger children, or any other interest what-
soever; but the consent of trustees to preserve contingent remainders
only, shall not be necessary.
NEW APPOINTMENT OF TRUSTEES TO BE WITH THE APPROBATION OF
THE COURT OF CHANCERY.
CXLIX. Ordered, that when any of the parties interested in any
private Bill shall have power by such Bill to name a trustee in the
room of any trustee dying, resigning, or refusing to exercise his trust,
provision shall be made in the Bill that such new trustee shall be ap-
pointed by or with the approbation of the Court of Chancery.
- N
90 STANDING ORDERS
NOTICE OF PETITION TO BE GIVEN TO MORTGAGEES.
CL. Ordered, that when a petition shall be presented to the House
for any private Bill, notice shall be given to any person being a mort-
gagee upon the estate intended to be affected by such Bill.
scHEDULEs of VALUE, &c. to BE ANNExED To BILLs for Exchang-
ING OR SELLING ESTATES.
CLI. Ordered, that in any private Bill for exchanging an estate in
settlement, and substituting another estate in lieu thereof, there shall
be annexed to such Bill a schedule or schedules of such respective
estates, showing the annual rent and the annual value thereof, and
also of the value of the timber growing thereupon ; and in all private
Bills for selling a settled estate, and purchasing another estate to be
settled to the same uses, there shall be annexed to such Bill a sche-
dule or schedules of such estates, specifying the annual rent thereof,
and that every such schedule shall be signed and proved upon oath
by a surveyor or other competent person, before the Committee to
whom such Bill shall be referred.
CHAIRMAN OF THE COMMITTEE TO REPORT WHETHER THE STANDING
ORDERS HAVE BEEN COMPLIED WITH.
CLII. Ordered, that the Lord who shall be in the Chair of a Com-
mittee, to whom any private Bill shall be committed, shall state to
the House, when the report from such Committee is made, how far
the Orders of the House in relation to such private Bill have or have
not been duly complied with.
Ordered, that these Orders shall be transmitted to the Committee
to whom any private Bill shall be referred, for their guidance and
instruction; and, that the said Orders be declared Standing Orders,
&c.
BILLS FOR SELLING LANDS IN SCOTLAND AND PURCHASING OTHERS
TO BE SETTLED IN LIEU THEREOF.
Die Mercurii, 22 Maii, 1799.
CLIII. Ordered, that where a Bill is brought in to empower any
person to sell or dispose of lands in one place in that part of Great
Britain called Scotland, and to buy or settle lands in another place in
the said part of Great Britain called Scotland, the Committee to whom
such Bill shall be referred do take care that the values be fully made
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 9 |
out; and if the Bill shall not be for making a new purchase, but only
for settling other lands in lieu of those to be sold, in that case pro-
vision shall be made in the Bill, that such other lands be settled ac-
cordingly; but if the Bill shall be to purchase and settle other lands,
in that case the Committee are to take care, that there be a binding
agreement produced for such new purchase; or if it shall be made ap-
pear to the Committee that such agreement cannot then be made, or
that such purchase cannot then be made, and settled as desired by
the Bill, and the Committee shall be satisfied with the reasons alleged
for either of those purposes, in either of those cases provision shall
be made in the Bill that so much of the money arising by sale of
the lands directed to be sold as is to be laid out in a new purchase,
shall be paid by the purchaser or purchasers without fee or reward
into the Bank of Scotland, or Royal Bank of Scotland, or the Bank of
the British Linen Company in Scotland, under the direction and by
the authority of the Court of Session, and in the name of the trus-
tees named in the Act, and shall, when so paid in, produce the high-
est interest that can be obtained for the same : and it is further or-
dered, that the interest arising from the money so paid in shall be
laid out in the name of the said trustees, and shall annually accu-
mulate and be added to the principal sum itself, to carry interest
together, until a proper purchase can be found and approved, as shall
be directed by such Bill, and until the same shall, upon a petition
setting forth such approbation, to be preferred to the said Court of
Session in a summary way by the persons to be named in the Bill, be
ordered to be paid by the Treasurer of the Bank of Scotland, or
Cashier of the Royal Bank of Scotland, or the Bank of the British
Linen Company in Scotland, for the completing such purchase, in such
manner as the said Court shall think just and direct ; and it is fur-
ther ordered, that when a sum equal to the amount of that obtained by
the sale of lands directed to be sold shall be reinvested in the purchase
of new estates, then and in that case the surplus which shall remain,
after discharging the expense of application to the Court, shall be
paid to the person or persons respectively who would have been enti-
tled to receive the rents and profits of the lands sold pursuant to the
Act, or to the representatives of such person or persons. Ordered,
that the said Order, &c.—Emendat, per Ord, 16 Aprilis, 1810,
et 21 Martii, 1817.
92 STANDING ORDERS
PROVISION TO BE MADE IN ENGLos URE BILLs, &c. THAT THE PUR-
CHASE MONEY BE PAID INTO THE BANK.
Die Mercurii, 7 Maii, 1800.
CLIV. Ordered, that in any enclosure, road, drainage, paving, dock,
or navigation Bill, whenever any sum of money is, under the provisions
of such Act, to be paid for the purchase or exchange of any lands,
tenements, or hereditaments, or which sum of money ought to be
laid out in the purchase of other lands, tenements, or hereditaments,
to be settled to the same uses, provision shall be made in the said
Bill, that such sum of money, not being less than the sum of two
hundred pounds, be paid into the Bank of England, in the name
and with the privity of the Accountant-General of the Court of Ex-
chequer, to be placed to his account, ex parte the Commissioners
under such particular Bill, or under such other title as by the said
Bill shall be directed, pursuant to the method prescribed by the Act
of the first year of King George the Fourth, chapter thirty-five, and
the General Orders of the said Court, and without fee or reward, and
shall, when so paid in, there remain until the same shall by order
of the said Court, upon a petition to be preferred to the said Court
in a summary way, be applied either in the purchase of land tax,
or towards the discharge of any debts or encumbrances affecting the
said lands, tenements, and hereditaments so purchased or exchanged,
or until the same shall upon the like application be laid out in a
summary way, by order of the said Court, in the purchase of other
lands, tenements, or hereditaments, to be settled to the like uses;
and in the meantime, and until such order can be made, such money
may, by order of the said Court, be laid out in some of the public
funds, or in government or real securities, and the dividends or in-
terest arising therefrom shall, by order of the said Court, be paid to
such person or persons as would for the time being be entitled to
the rents and profits of such lands, tenements, and hereditaments so
to be purchased, conveyed, and settled ; and in case such sum of
money shall be less than the sum of two hundred pounds, and shall
exceed the sum of twenty pounds, then and in such case such sum
of money shall, with the approbation of the Commissioners acting
under such Act, or any three or more of them, be paid into the
Bank of England, and applied by order of the court of Exchequer
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 93
in manner hereinbefore directed, or may without any order of the
Court of Exchequer be paid into the hands of two trustees, to be
nominated by the person or persons who for the time being would
be entitled to the rents and profits of the lands, tenements, and here-
ditaments so to be purchased and settled; such nomination to be ap-
proved of by three or more of the said Commissioners, and such no-
mination and approbation to be in writing under the hands of the
persons so nominating and approving; and the money so paid to
such trustees shall by them be applied in like manner as is before
directed with respect to the money so to be paid into the Bank in
the name of the Accountant-General of the Court of Exchequer, but
without any order of the said Court touching the application thereof:
and in case such sum of money shall not exceed twenty pounds,
then the same shall be paid to the person or persons who for the
time being would be entitled to the rents and profits of the lands,
tenements, and hereditaments so to be purchased and conveyed, for
his, her, or their own use and benefit: And it is hereby further
ordered, That if any Commissioner in an enclosure or drainage Bill
shall find any difficulty in obtaining a purchase in land, which may
be equal in value to such sum of money, not exceeding two hundred
pounds, as by the said Standing Order is directed to be paid into
the Bank to await a future purchase, or which purchase may be
disadvantageous in other respects, such Commissioner shall be at
liberty to apply such sum of money towards the expenses of such
act, so far as the proportion of the party entitled to such sum shall
amount to ; and if there shall be any surplus of such two hundred
pounds, they may apply such surplus, after such application, in
diminution of the sum allowed to be charged upon the estate for the
purpose of enclosure or drainage. Ordered, that the said Order be
declared a Standing Order, &c.—Emendat. per Ord. 7 Julii, 1823.
ADDITION TO THE STANDING or DER, THAT No BILL BE READ Twice
THE SAME DAY.
Die Mercurii, 20 Maii, 1801.
CLV. The House (according to order) proceeded to take into con-
sideration the Standing Order of the 28th of June, 1715, by which
it is ordered and declared, that for the future no Bill shall be read
twice the same day; that no Committee of the whole House proceed
94 STANDING ORDERS
on any Bill the same day the Bill is committed; that no report be
received from any Committee of the whole House the same day
such Committee goes through the Bill, when any amendments are
made to such Bill; and that no Bill be read the third time the same
day reported from the Committee; and the same being read, this
explanation of and addition to the said Standing Order was made ;
(videlicet) that it is the duty of the Speaker of this House, in no
case to put a question contrary to the Standing Order of the House.
Ordered, that the said explanation and addition be entered on the
roll of Standing Orders. (See Order XXVI.)
PETITIONS FOR PRIVATE BILLS RELATIVE TO ESTATES IN IRELAND
TO BE REFER RED TO TWO JUDGES IN IRELAND.
Die Mercurii, 9 Decembris, 1801.
CLVI. Upon consideration of the report from the Committee ap-
pointed to consider of the Standing Orders respecting private Bills,
so far as they may affect that part of the United Kingdom called
Ireland: Ordered, that for the future, when a petition for a private
Bill concerning estates in land, situated in that part of the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called Ireland, shall be offered
to this House, it shall be referred, if the parties desire it, to two
Judges of the Court of King's Bench, Common Pleas, or Exchequer,
in Ireland, who are forthwith to summon all parties before them who
may be concerned in the Bill, and after hearing all the parties, and
perusing the Bill, are to report to the House the state of the case,
and their opinion thereupon, under their hands, and are to sign the
said Bill. The same method is to be observed as to private Bills
concerning estates in land situated in that part of the United Kingdom
of Great Britain and Ireland called Ireland, brought from the House
of Commons, before the second reading of such Bills, by sending
a copy of the said Bill, signed by the clerk, to the Judges aforesaid,
or any two of them.—Emendat, per Ord. 1 Martii, 1806.
CONSENT OF PERSONS GIVEN BEFORE THE JUDGES IN IRELAND TO
BE SUFFICIENT EVIDENCE AT COMMITTEES.
CLVII. Ordered, that for the future all persons concerned in the
consequences of such private Bills as aforesaid, and who reside in that
part of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland called
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 95
Ireland, may give their consent to the passing of such Bills before the
two Judges to whom such Bills shall be referred; and the certificate
of the said Judges, or of any two of them, by which it shall appear,
that on a day and at a place to be therein expressed, such person
or persons did appear personally before them, and being aware of
the interest they may have in such Bill, did give his, her, or their
consent for him or themselves, and for those for whom, according to
law, he, she, or they may be entitled to consent; and if any trustee
or trustees shall be appointed by such Bill, that such trustee or
trustees did appear personally before them, and did accept the trust
proposed to be vested in him or them by the said Bill, and that the
said several persons did in their presence sign a Bill (which Bill
together with the said certificate must be produced), shall be held
as sufficient evidence of the consent of such person or persons before
any Committee of this House, to whom the consideration of such Bill
may be referred.—Emendat, per Ord, 1 Martii, 1806.
SUCH CONSENT TO BE PERSoNAL, OR BY AN INSTRUMENT DULY
EXECUTED.
CLVIII. Ordered, that it be a general instruction to the Judges
who shall meet to take the consent of all persons concerned in the
consequences of private Bills relating to estates in that part of the
United Kingdom called Ireland, that they take no notice of the con-
sent of any person to the passing of such Bill, unless such person
appear before them, or that it be made manifest to them by an in-
strument under the hand of a notary public, duly executed according
to the forms required by law, that he or she is not able to attend,
and doth consent to the said Bill.
BILLS FOR SELLING LANDS IN IRELAND, AND PURCHAs.ING oth ER
LANDS THERE IN LIEU THEREOF.
CLIX. Ordered, that where a Bill is brought in to empower any
person to sell or dispose of lands in one place in that part of the
United Kingdom called Ireland, and to buy or settle lands in another
place in the said part of the United Kingdom called Ireland, the
Committee to whom such Bill shall be referred do take care that the
values be fully made out; and if the Bill shall not be for making a
new purchase, but only for settling other lands in lieu of those to be
sold, in that case provision shall be made in the Bill, that such other
lands be settled accordingly; but if the Bill shall be to purchase and
96 STANDING ORDERS
settle other lands, in that case the Committee are to take care that
there be a binding agreement produced for such new purchase; or if
it shall be made appear to the Committee that such agreement cannot
then be made, or that such purchase cannot then be made, and settled
as desired by the Bill, and the Committee shall be satisfied with the
reasons alleged for either of those purposes, in either of those cases
provision shall be made in the Bill, that so much of the money arising
by sale of the lands directed to be sold, as is to be laid out in a new
purchase, shall be paid by the purchaser or purchasers, without fee
or reward, into the Bank of Dublin, under the direction and by the
authority of the Court of Chancery, and in the name of the trustees
named in the Act, and shall, when so paid in, produce the highest
interest that can be obtained for the same ; and that the interest
arising from the money so paid in shall be laid out in the name of
the said trustees, and shall annually accumulate and be added to the
principal sum itself to carry interest together, until a proper pur-
chase can be found and approved, as shall be directed by such Bill,
and until the same shall, upon a petition setting forth such approba-
tion, to be preferred to the said Court of Chancery in a summary
way by the persons to be named in the Bill, be ordered to be paid
by the Treasurer of the Bank of Dublin for the completing such pur-
chase, in such manner as the said Court shall think just and direct;
and that if the money arising by the principal and accumulated in-
terest of such sum or sums shall exceed the amount of the original
purchase money so laid out as aforesaid, then and in that case only
the surplus which shall remain, after discharging the expense of the
applications to the Court, shall be paid to the person or persons re-
spectively who would have been entitled to receive the rents and
profits of the lands directed to be purchased, in case the same had
been purchased pursuant to the Act, or to the representatives of such
person or persons. Ordered, that the said Orders be declared
Standing Orders, &c.
CLAIM TO YOTE FOR THE REPRESENTATIVE PEERS OF IRELAND TO
BE BY PETITION, &c.
Die Veneris, 2 Aprilis, 1802.
CLX. Upon report from the Lords' Committees appointed to con-
sider of the descent of the Peerages of Ireland:—
Ordered, that in all cases where any person who did not sit and
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 97
vote in the House of Lords of Ireland before the Union, or whose
right to sit and vote therein was not admitted by the said House
before the Union, or whose right to vote at elections of Peers of
Ireland to sit in the Parliament of the United Kingdom has not or
shall not have been admitted by this House, shall claim a right to
vote at such elections, such claim be made by petition to the House,
signed by the person so claiming, or by some person on his behalf,
stating the manner in which the claimant derives title to the Peerage
in question, and praying that the right of the claimant to vote at
elections of Peers of Ireland to sit in the Parliament of the United
Kingdom, may be admitted by this House.
RESOLUTION OF THE HOUSE, ADMITTING SUCH CLAIM, TO BE TRANS-
MITTED TO THE CLER K OF THE CROWN IN IRELAND.
CLXI. Ordered, that the Clerk of the Parliaments do transmit to
the Clerk of the Crown in Ireland a copy of every resolution of this
House, admitting the claim of a Peer of Ireland to vote at the elections
of Peers of Ireland to sit in the Parliament of the United Kingdom.
THE CLAIM OF A COHEIR TO A PE ERAGE IN ABEYANCE TO BE BY
PETITION.
CLXII. Ordered, that in case any Peerage of Ireland now is or
hereafter shall be in abeyance, the persons claiming to be coheirs
thereto, or any of them, may, by petition to this House, state such
claim, and pray that the same may be examined by the House.
CLAIMS NOT TO BE PRocBEDED on, UNLEss REcoMMENDED BY HIS
MAJESTY, &c.
CLXIII. Ordered, that no claim of any Peerage alleged to be in
abeyance shall be proceeded upon, until the same shall have been
recommended by His Majesty to the consideration of the House, or
until His Majesty shall have been informed of such claim by the
House.
SUCH CLAIMS TO BE REFERRED TO THE COMMITTEE OF PRIVILEGES.
CLXIV. Ordered, that every such claim be referred to the Com-
mittee of Privileges, to examine the matter, and report the same, as
it shall appear to them, to the House. -
o
98 STANDING ORDERS
IF SUCH PEERAGE BE IN ABEYANCE, THE same To BE communicated
TO HIS MAJESTY.
CLXV. Ordered, that in case it shall appear to the House that
any such Peerage is in abeyance, the House do inform His Majesty,
that, in the opinion of the House, such Peerage is in abeyance, and is
therefore to be deemed and taken to be an existing Peerage, accord-
ing to the fourth article of Union.
CLAIMS OF PERSONS TO BE PEERESSES OF IRELAND IN THEIR OWN
RIGHT.
CLXVI. Ordered, that every person claiming to be a Peeress of
Ireland in her own right be at liberty in like manner to claim such
Peerage; and that such claim be proceeded upon, examined, reported,
and allowed, in the same manner as is provided in the case of Peers
claiming to vote as aforesaid. (See Order CLX.)—Ordered, that
the said Orders be declared Standing Orders, and that they be
entered, &c.
LETTERS-PATENT ADVANCING A REPRESENTATIVE PEER OF IRE LAND
To A HIGHER DIGNITY TO BE READ IN THE HOUSE, &c.
Die Lunae, 28 Martii, 1803.
* CLXVIII. Upon report from the Lords' Committees for Privileges
appointed to consider in what manner the Peers, representatives of
the temporal Peers of that part of the United Kingdom called Ireland,
advanced to higher dignity, shall take their seats in this House.—
Ordered, that when any Peer who is one of the representatives of
the temporal Peers of that part of the United Kingdom called Ireland
shall, subsequently to his election, be advanced and preferred by His
Majesty to any higher degree, title, dignity, and honour in the
Peerage, of that part of the United Kingdom called Ireland, by way
of promotion, the letters-patent by which such advancement in the
Peerage is made shall be produced and read in this House; and
that an entry of the date, purport, and effect thereof shall be entered
upon the Journals of this House; and thereupon the Peer so advanced
* As before noticed, Order CLXVII. was superseded by CLXX., and afterwards
by CLXXI., viz. on Jan. 2d, 1807.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 99
and promoted shall take his place in the House according to his
said rank and dignity—Ordered, that the said Order be declared a
Standing Order, &c.
NO BILL FOR NATURALIZATION TO BE READ A SECOND TIME WITHOUT
A CERTIFICATE OF CONDUCT.
Die Veneris, 2 Januarii, 1807.
* CLXXI. Ordered, that no Bill for naturalizing any person born in
any foreign territory shall be read a second time, until the petitioner
shall produce a certificate from His Majesty's principal Secretaries
of State respecting his conduct.—Ordered, that the said Order be
declared a Standing Order, &c.
NO BILL FOR RENEWING LETTERS-PATENT TO BE READ A THIRD
TIME, UNLEss THRice NoTICED IN THE GAZETTE.
Die Lunae, 28 Martii, 1808.
CLXXII. Ordered, that no Bill for extending the term of any
letters-patent for any invention or discovery, granted by His Majesty
under the Great Seal of England, Scotland, or Ireland, shall be read
a third time in this House, unless notice shall have been inserted
three times in the London Gazette, (and also three times in the
Edinburgh Gazette, if the letters-patent be under the Great Seal of
Scotland, and three times in the Dublin Gazette, if under the Great
Seal of Ireland) in the months of August and September, or either
of them, immediately preceding the session in which application for
such Bill shall be made to Parliament, that an application was in-
tended to be made to Parliament to obtain such Bill.—Emendat. per
Ordinem 8 die Februarii, i 825.
NOR. UNLESS THE TERM OF SUCH PATENT SHALL ExPIRE WITHIN
TWO YEARS.
CLXXIII. Ordered, that no Bill for the purpose aforesaid shall be
read a third time in this House, unless it shall appear that the letters-
patent, the term of which it is intended by such Bill to extend, will
expire within two years from the commencement of the session of
Parliament in which the application for such Bill shall be made.
* The Order CLXIX. was vacated by Order of the 8th of Feb. 1825. CLXX.
was superseded by CLXXI., which follows.
100 STANDING ORDERS
NOR UNLESS APPLICATION BE MADE BY THE DISCOVERER OR HIS
REPRESENTATIVE.
CLXXIV. Ordered, that no Bill for the purpose aforesaid shall be
read a third time in this House, unless it shall appear that the
application to Parliament for extending the term of the letters-
patent is made by the person, or by the representatives of the person,
who himself originally discovered the invention for which such letters-
patent were granted by His Majesty; and that the knowledge of such
invention was not acquired by such person as aforesaid, by purchase
or otherwise, from the inventor or owner of the same, or by informa-
tion that such invention was known and pursued in any foreign country.
—Ordered, that the said Orders be declared Standing Orders, &c.
No PRIVATE BILL TO BE READ TILL A COPY OF THE PETITION, &c.
IS DELIVERED TO THE CHAIRMAN OF COMMITTEES.
Die Mercurii, 15 Martii, 1809.
CLXXV. Ordered, that no private Bill, the petition for which shall
be referred to two of His Majesty's judges, shall be read a first time,
until a copy of the said petition, and of the report of the judges there-
upon, shall be delivered, by the party or parties concerned, to the
Lord appointed by this House to take the chair in all Committees.—
Ordered, that the said Order be declared a Standing Order, &c.—
Emendat, per Ordinem 8 die Februarii, 1825.
NO DIVORCE BILL TO BE RECEIVED WITHOUT A CLAUSE PROHIBITING
THE OFFENDING PARTIES FROM MARRYING.
Die Martis, 2 Maii, 1809.
CLXXVI. Ordered, that no Bill grounded on a petition to this
House to dissolve a marriage for the cause of adultery, and to enable
the petitioner to marry again, shall be received by this House, unless
a provision be inserted in such bill, that it shall not be lawful for the
person whose marriage with the petitioner shall be dissolved, to
intermarry with any offending party, on account of whose adultery
with such person it shall be therein enacted that such marriage shall
be so dissolved : Provided that if at the time of exhibiting the said
Bill such offending party or parties shall be dead, such provision as
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 101
aforesaid shall not be inserted in the said Bill.—Ordered, that the
said Order be declared a Standing Order, &c.
TIME FOR LAYING CASES IN APPEAL ON THE TABLE.
Die Veneris, 12 Julii, 1811.
CLXXVII. Ordered, that when any appeal shall be presented to
this House on or after the first day of any session or meeting of
Parliament, the appellant and respondent shall severally lay the prints
of their cases respectively upon the table of this House, or deliver
the same to the Clerk of the Parliaments for that purpose, within a
fortnight after the time appointed for the respondent to put in his
answer to the said appeal; and in default of so doing by the appellant,
the said appeal shall stand dismissed, but without prejudice to the
appellant presenting a new appeal within the first fourteen days of
the next session of Parliament, or within the then remainder of the
time limited by the Standing Order, No. 118, for presenting appeals
to this House; and in case of default on the part of the respondent,
the appellant shall be at liberty forthwith to set down his cause
ex parte.

TIME FOR LAYING CASES IN WIRITS OF ERROR ON THE TABLE.
CLXXVIII. Ordered, that when any writ of error shall be brought
into this House during the sitting of Parliament, the plaintiff and
defendant shall severally lay the prints of their cases upon the table
of this House, or deliver the same to the Clerk of the Parliaments for
that purpose, within a fortnight after the time limited by this House
for the plaintiff to assign errors, unless an earlier day be specially
appointed for that purpose, in respect of such writ of error being
brought merely for delay.—Ordered, that the said Orders be declared
Standing Orders, &c.
APPEALS FROM JUDGMENT OF THE COURT OF SESSION IN SCOTLAND
TO BE CERTIFIED BY TWO COUN SEL.
Die Jovis, 9 Aprilis, 1812.
CLXXIX. Ordered, that when any petition of appeal shall be
presented to this House from any interlocutory judgment of either
division of the Lords of Session in Scotland, the counsel who
102 STANDING ORDERS
shall sign the said petition, or two of the counsel for the party or
parties in the court below, shall sign a certificate or declaration, stating
either that leave was given by the division of the judges pronouncing
such interlocutory judgment to the appellant or appellants to present
such petition of appeal, or that there was a difference of opinion
amongst the judges of the said division pronouncing such interlocutory
judgment.
NOTICE TO BE GIVEN TO A RESPONDENT OF THE TIME WHEN AN
APPEAL IS TO BE PRESENTED.
CLXXX. Ordered, that, to prevent delay on the part of the
respondent or respondents to any petition of appeal presented to
this House, in delivering their printed cases pursuant to the Standing
Orders of the same, previous to any petition of appeal being pre-
sented to this House a notice shall be given to the agent or agents
of the party or parties in the court below, who shall be made re-
spondent or respondents to the said appeal, of the time when such
petition of appeal is intended to be presented to this House, and the
day on which such notice was given or caused to be given shall be
indorsed by the agent or agents for the petitioner on the back of the
said appeal.—Ordered, that the said Orders be declared Standing
Orders, &c.
CASES ON APPEALS AND WIRITS OF ERROR TO CONTAIN PROOFS TAKEN
IN THE COURTS BELOW.
Die Mercurii, 24 Februarii, 1813.
CLXXXI. Ordered, that for the future the printed cases delivered
in appeals and writs of error, depending before this House, shall
contain a copy of so much of the proofs taken in the courts below as
the party or parties intend to rely on, respectively, on the hearing of
the cause before this House, together with references to the documents
where the same may be found.—Ordered, that the said Order be
declared a Standing Order, &c.
TIME AND DAYS FOR HEARING CAUSES.
Die Lunae, 3 Maii, 1813.
CLXXXII. Ordered, that upon Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays,
being the days appointed for hearing causes in this House, the House
do meet at ten of the clock in the forenoon, and do proceed to hear
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 103
the said causes the first business after prayers, and do continue
hearing the same in the course and order in which they stand in the
paper of causes till a quarter before four of the clock in the after-
noon, and that no other business do intervene.—Ordered, that the
said Order be declared a Standing Order, &c. (See CC.)
NO BILL FOR ANY CANAL OR OTHER PUBLIC LOCAL PURPOSE TO BE
READ A THIRD TIME, UNLESS NoTICE BE GIVEN IN THE county
NEwsPAPER, &c.
Die Martis, 6 Julii, 1813.
CLXXXIII. Ordered, that no Bill for making any cut, canal, or
aqueduct, for the purpose of supplying any city, town, or place
with water, or for making, extending, or improving the navigation of
any river, or for making any canal for the purposes of navigation, or
for making any railway or tram road, or any tunnel or archway, or
any bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour, or any turnpike road,
or for varying or altering any such cut, canal, or aqueduct, railway or
tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or
harbour, or any turnpike road already made, or for altering any Act
of Parliament passed for any or either of those purposes, by increasing
or altering any tolls or duties, or by altering, extending, or diminishing
any works mentioned in such Act, shall be read a third time in this
House, unless notice that an application was intended to be made to
Parliament to obtain such Bill shall be inserted in some one newspaper
of every county in or through which any such cut, canal, or aqueduct,
railway or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier,
port, or harbour, or any turnpike road, is intended to be made or
carried, or in which any such cut, canal, or aqueduct, railway or
tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or
harbour, or any turnpike road, already made and intended to be
varied or altered, shall be, or in which such river or such part thereof
as is intended to be made navigable, or the navigation thereof to be
extended or improved, is situated (or if there be not any newspaper
printed in such counties respectively, then in the newspaper of some
county adjoining thereto), three times at the least in the months of
August, September, October, and November, or any of them, im-
mediately preceding the session of Parliament in which such applica-
tion is intended to be made ; and unless such notice shall also have
104 STANDING ORDERS
been given at the general quarter session of the peace, which shall have
been holden for every and each county, riding, or division, in or
through which any such cut, canal, or aqueduct, railway or tram road,
tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour, or any
turnpike road, is intended to be made or carried, or in which such
cut, canal, or aqueduct, railway or tram road, tunnel or archway,
bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour, or any turnpike road,
already made and intended to be varied or altered, shall be, or in
which such river or such part thereof as is intended to be made
navigable, or the navigation thereof to be extended or improved, is
situated, at Michaelmas or Epiphany, preceding the session of Parlia-
ment in which such application is intended to be made, by aſfixing
such notice on the door of the Session House of each and every such
county, riding, or division where such general quarter session shall
be holden; save and except as to any Bill for any of the above
purposes in Scotland, in which case, instead of affixing such notice
on the door of the Sessions House, such notice shall be written upon
paper, and affixed to the church door of the parish or parishes through
which the work or purpose in view is to be carried, for three Sundays
in the months of August, September, October, or November, or any
of them, immediately preceding the session of Parliament in which
such application is intended to be made.
That in that part of the United Kingdom called Scotland, when any
application is intended to be made to the House for leave to bring in
a Bill for regulating county rates or cess, or for building or repairing
any gaol or house of correction, by rates or duties to be levied on the
subject, or for continuing or amending any Act of Parliament passed
for any or either of those purposes, or for the increase or alteration
of the existing tolls, rates, or duties, or for either of those purposes,
notice, printed or written on paper, shall be affixed, during the sitting
of the Michaelmas head court preceding the session of Parliament in
which such application is intended to be made, upon the door of the
Court House of the county or counties in which such rates are pro-
posed to be regulated, or such gaol or house of correction is or is
proposed to be situated.—Emendat, per Ord. 17 Junii, 1814. 24 Junii,
1824. 30 Junii, 1825.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 105
SUCH NOTICES TO CONTAIN THE NAMES OF TOWNS AND PARISHES
CONCERNED.
CLXXXIV. Ordered, that such several notices shall contain the
names of the parishes and townships in, to, or through which any
such cut, canal, or aqueduct, railway or tram road, tunnel or archway,
bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour, or turnpike road, is intended
to be made, carried, varied, or altered, or in which such river, or such
part thereof as is intended to be made navigable, or the navigation
thereof to be extended or improved, is situated.
A MAP or PLAN, WITH LIST of LAND-owners, ESTIMATE OF EXPENSE,
&c. To BE DEPosit ED witH THE CLERK of PARLIAMENTS.
CLXXXV. Ordered, that no Bill for all or any of the purposes
aforesaid, except turnpike roads, shall be read a third time in this
House, unless previously to such Bill being brought to this House
from the Commons, a map or plan of such intended cut or canal,
aqueduct or navigation, railway or tram road, tunnel or archway,
bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour, or of any intended exten-
sion or alteration in any cut, canal, aqueduct, or navigation, railway
or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or
harbour, already made (as the case may be), and of the several lands
from which any streams of water shall be intended to be taken for
the use of any such cut, canal, aqueduct, or navigation, shall have
been deposited with the Clerk of the Parliaments; in which map or
plan shall be described the line of such intended cut, canal, aqueduct,
or navigation, railway or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry,
dock, pier, port, or harbour, or of such intended alteration, and the
lands through which the same is intended to be carried, or from
which any streams of water are intended to be taken, together with
a book of reference, containing a list of the names of the owners or
reputed owners, and also of the occupiers of such lands respectively;
and that there be also annexed to the said map or plan an estimate
of the expense of such undertaking (in cases where provision is in-
tended to be made for raising money to defray such expense), such
estimate to be signed by the person or persons making the same ;
and if such money is proposed to be raised by subscription, that there
be also annexed to the said map or plan an account of the money
subscribed for that purpose, and the names of the subscribers, with
p
106 STANDING ORDERS
the sums by them subscribed respectively; and there shall also be
annexed to such map or plan an estimate of the probable time within
which the whole of such work may be completed, if not prevented
by inevitable accident.
THE MAP, PRINTED ON A SCALE OF ONE INCH TO A MILE, TO BE AN-
NEXED TO THE BILL.
CLXXXVI. Ordered, that previous to the second reading in this
House of any Bill for making any navigation, aqueduct, cut, or canal,
railway or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier,
port, or harbour, or for improving the same, the map or plan of the
said navigation, aqueduct, cut, or canal, railway or tram road, tunnel
or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour, which is di-
rected to be lodged in the Parliament office as before mentioned,
shall be engraved or printed upon the scale of an inch at least to a
mile, and annexed to the printed copies of the Bill, and shall be
laid upon the table of this House.
APPLICATION TO LAND-OWNERS, &c. witH List of Assents or Dis-
SENTS, TO BE DEPoSITED IN LIKE MANNER.
CLXXXVII. Ordered, that no Bill for all or any of the purposes
aforesaid, except turnpike roads, shall be read a third time in this
House, unless, previously to such Bill being brought to this House
from the Commons, application shall have been made to the owners
or reputed owners, and also to the occupiers of the lands in or through
which any such cut, canal, aqueduct or navigation, railway or tram
road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour,
is intended to be made or carried, or any such alteration is intended
to be made, for the consent of such persons respectively; and unless
such map or plan as aforesaid, or a duplicate thereof, shall at the time
of such application have been shown to them respectively; and un-
less separate lists shall have been made of the names of such owners
and occupiers, distinguishing which of them upon such application
have assented to or dissented from such intended cut, canal, aqueduct
or navigation, railway or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry,
dock, pier, port, or harbour, or such alteration, or are neuter in re-
spect thereof; and unless such list shall be deposited with the Clerk
of the Parliaments at the same time as the map or plan and book of
reference mentioned in the Standing Order, No. 185.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 107
"THE SAME TO BE DONE WHERE POWER IS GIVEN TO DEVIATE FROM
THE LINE DESCRIBED IN THE MAP.
CLXXXVIII. Ordered, that in case any Bill for all or any of the
purposes aforesaid, except turnpike roads, shall contain a clause to
empower the persons who shall make such cut, canal, aqueduct or
navigation, railway or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry,
dock, pier, port or harbour, as aforesaid, or any part thereof, to vary
or deviate from the line particularly described in the map or plan
deposited as aforesaid with the Clerk of the Parliaments, such Bill
shall not be read a third time in this House unless a like application
shall have been made to the owners or reputed owners and occupiers
of the lands through which such cut, canal, aqueduct or navigation,
railway or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock, pier,
port or harbour, might pass, by virtue of the power so given to alter
or vary the line thereof, and unless a like list as aforesaid of such
owners or reputed owners and occupiers be deposited at the time and
in the manner aforesaid with the Clerk of the Parliaments, as if it
had been originally proposed to carry such cut, canal, aqueduct or
navigation, railway or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry,
dock, pier, port or harbour, through the lands of such persons re-
spectively.
APPLICATION TO BE MADE TO THE OWNERs, &c. of LANDS, STREAMS,
AND MILLS FROM WHICH WATER MAY BE TAREN TO THEIR PRE-
JUDICE.
CLXXXIX. Ordered, that no Bill for making or improving any
navigation, aqueduct, cut or canal, shall be read a third time in this
House, unless, previously to such Bill being brought to this House
from the Commons, application shall have been made to the owners
or reputed owners, and also to the occupiers of lands, streams, and
mills from which any water shall by such Bill be proposed to be taken
for the purposes of such navigation, aqueduct, cut or canal, to the
prejudice of such owners or reputed owners or occupiers of such
lands, streams, and mills respectively.
A MAP or PLAN To BE DEPoSITED, IN CASE of MARING A NEW RoAD,
OR WARYING THE LINE OF ROAD BEFORE USED.
CXC. Ordered, that no Bill for any turnpike road, whereby power
shall be given to make a new road, or to alter or vary the line of road
108 STANDING ORDERS
before used for any space exceeding one hundred yards, shall be read a
third time in this House, unless, previously to such Bill being brought
to this House from the Commons, a map or plan of such intended new
road, or of any intended alteration in any road already made (as the
case may be), shall have been deposited with the Clerk of the Par-
liaments, in which map or plan shall be described the line of such
intended new road, or of such intended alteration, and the lands
through which the same is intended to be carried, together with a
book of reference containing a list of the names of the owners or
reputed owners, and also the occupiers of such lands respectively;
and that there be also annexed to the said map or plan an estimate
of the expense of such undertaking (in cases where provision is
intended to be made for raising money to defray such expense), such
estimate to be signed by the person or persons making the same ; and
if such money is proposed to be raised by subscription, that there be
also annexed to the said map or plan an account of the money sub-
scribed for that purpose, and the names of the subscribers, with the
sums by them subscribed respectively; and there shall also be an-
nexed to such map or plan an estimate of the probable time within
which the whole of such work may be completed, if not prevented by
inevitable accident.
ALL Powers, GIVEN BY ANY BILL FOR THE PURPOSEs AFoRESAID, To
cEASE, IF THE work BE NOT COMPLETED WITHIN TIME.
CXCI. Ordered, that no Bill for any such purposes as aforesaid,
except turnpike roads, shall be read a third time in this House, unless
there shall be contained therein a provision, that in case the workin-
tended to be carried into effect under the authority of such Bill shall
not have been completed, so as to answer the objects of such Bill, within
a time to be limited by such Bill, all the powers and authorities given
by such Bill shall thenceforth cease and determine; save only as to
so much of such work as shall have been completed within such time,
with such provisions and qualifications as the nature of the case shall
require.
Four-FIFTHS of THE PROBABLE EXPENSE of such PURPoses, To BE
SUBSCRIBED.
CXCII. Ordered, that no Bill for any such purposes, except turnpike
roads, shall be read a third time in this House, unless four-fifths of the
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 109
probable expense of the proposed work shall have been subscribed by
persons under a contract, binding the subscribers, their heirs, exe-
cutors, and administrators, for payment of the money so subscribed,
within a limited time, nor unless there shall be contained in such Bill
a provision that the whole of the probable expense of such work shall
be subscribed in like manner before the powers and authorities to be
given by such Bill shall be put in force.
PRovision to BE MADE IN BILLS For CANALs, &c. CRossING PUBLIC
RoADs, RESPECTING THE AscENT, FENCEs, &c.
CXCIII. Ordered, that no such Bill for any cut, canal, or aqueduct,
which shall cross any public road, shall be read a third time in this
House, unless there shall be contained therein a provision that the
ascent to every bridge to be made over such cut, canal, or aqueduct,
for the purpose of such public road, shall not be more than one foot
in thirteen, and that the fence on each side of such bridge shall not
be less than four feet above the surface of the bridge.
Ordered, that the said orders be declared Standing Orders, and
that they be entered, &c.
AN APPENDIX TO BE ADDED TO CASES IN APPEALS AND WIRIT'S OF
ERROR.
Die Mercurii, 8 Decembris, 1813.
CXCIV. Ordered, that in all cases of appeals and writs of error
which were depending in this House, and the printed cases in which
were delivered on or before the 24th day of February, 1813, the party
or parties do respectively print an appendix to the said cases delivered,
and do therein set forth so much of the proofs taken in the Courts
below, as they intend to rely on, respectively, on the hearing of the
said causes, and which is not already set forth in the printed cases by
them so respectively delivered, and that such appendix do contain a
reference to the documents where the same may be found; and fur-
ther, that the party or parties do deliver the same to the Clerk of the
Parliaments, or to the Clerk-assistant, to be distributed to the Lords
of this House, at least four days before the hearing of the said
CauSeS.
Ordered, that the said order be declared a Standing Order, &c.
110 STANDING ORDERS
AFFIDAVITS RELATING TO PUBLIC Local BILLs, TAKEN IN sco'TLAND,
TO BE EVIDENCE BEFORE THE COMMITTEE.
Die Veneris, 17 Junii, 1814.
CXCV. Ordered, that upon every Bill for making any cut, canal,
or aqueduct, for the purpose of supplying any city, town, or place in
Scotland with water, or for making, extending, or improving the
navigation of any river, or for making any canal for the purposes of
navigation, or for making any railway or tram road, or any tunnel or
archway, or any bridge, ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour, or any
turnpike road in Scotland, or for varying or altering any such cut,
canal, or aqueduct, railway, or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge,
ferry, dock, pier, port, or harbour, or any such turnpike road already
made, or for altering any Act of Parliament passed for any or either of
those purposes, by increasing or altering any tolls or duties, or by
altering, extending, or diminishing any works mentioned in such
Act in Scotland, an affidavit taken before the Sheriff or Stewart
Depute, or Sheriff Substitute or Stewart Depute of the County or
Stewartry in Scotland, to which any such Bill may in whole or part
relate, attested under the hand and seal of such Sheriff or Stewart
Depute, or Sheriff Substitute or Stewart Depute, shall be received
by the Committee to whom any such Bill shall be referred, as evidence
that the several matters required by the Standing Orders of the 6th
day of July, 1813, Nos. 183, 184, 185, 186, 187, 188, 189, and
190, have been complied with.
SUCH AEFIDAVITS TO BE ACCOMPANIED BY CERTIFICATES FROM THE
sHERIFF, &c.
CXCVI. Ordered, that every such affidavit shall be accompanied
with a certificate of the Sheriff or Stewart Depute, or Sheriff Sub-
stitute or Stewart Depute before whom it is made, stating that a
printed copy of the Bill to which such affidavit relates was in his
possession three days before the person making the affidavit appeared
before him, and that after having examined such person into the
grounds of his knowledge of the facts therein set forth, he was of
opinion that the affidavit was made by a person in every respect
competent of his own knowledge to speak to the facts therein
attested. Ordered, that the said orders be declared Standing
Orders, &c.
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 1 11
CONSENTS OF PERSONS TO PRIVATE BILLs, RELATIVE TO ESTATES IN
scot LAND, To BE IN CERTAIN PROPORTIONS.
Die Martis, 5 Maii, 1818.

CXCVII. Ordered, that for the future it shall be sufficient to
have the consent of the persons concerned in the consequences of
private Bills regarding estates in land or heritable estates in Scotland,
in the proportions following, viz.:
Four-fifths of the ten next in succession to the person or persons
applying for such private Bill; provided it is satisfactorily proved to
the Committee, that those of this the first ten, whose consent has
not been obtained, are absent abroad, or cannot be found in the
Kingdom of Great Britain.
Two-thirds of the twenty next in succession after the said ten :
one-half of the twenty next in succession after the said twenty; and
one-third of all the other persons concerned in the said Bill; without
prejudice, nevertheless, as heretofore, to every person concerned to
petition against the said Bill, and to be heard for his interest therein.
Ordered, that the said order be declared a Standing Order, &c.
COMMITTEE TO REPORT UPON EXPEDIENCY OF BILLS FOR RE-
GULATING TRADE, &c.
Die Mercurii, 7 Julii, 1819.
CXCVIII. Ordered, that for the future no Bill, regulating the
conduct of any trade; altering the laws of apprenticeship in relation
to any particular business; affixing marks to designate the quality
of any manufacture; prohibiting the manufacture of any species of
commodity; or extending the term of any patent, shall be read a
second time in this House, until a Select Committee shall have in-
quired into the expediency or inexpediency of the proposed regu-
lations, and shall have reported upon the expediency or inexpediency
of this House proceeding to take the Bill into further consideration.
Ordered, that the said order be declared a Standing Order, &c.—
Emendat. per Ord. 30 Junii, 1823.
suppleMENTAL cASEs to BE DELIVERED IN REvived APPEALs,
STATING THE ORDERS OF THE HOUSE,
Die Jovis, 20 Martii, 1823.
CXCIX. Ordered, that where any party or parties to an appeal
112 STANDING ORDERS
shall die pending the same, subsequently to the printed cases having
been delivered to this House, and the appeal shall be revived against
his or her representative or representatives, as the person or persons
standing in the place of the person or persons so dying as aforesaid,
a supplemental case shall be delivered by the party or parties so re-
viving the same respectively, stating the order or orders respectively
made by the House in such case. The like rule shall be observed
by the appellant and respondent respectively, where any person or
persons, party or parties in the court below, have been omitted to be
made a party or parties in the appeal before this House, and shall
by leave of the House, upon petition or otherwise, be added as a
party or parties to the said appeal, after the printed cases in such
appeal shall have been delivered. Ordered, that the said order be
declared a Standing Order, &c.
DAYS FOR HEARING APPEALS AND WRITS OF ERROR.
Die Lunae, 7 Julii, 1823.
CC. Ordered, that until the number of appeals and writs of error
depending before this House shall be sufficiently reduced, this House,
in every future session of Parliament, do sit to hear appeals and
writs of error on Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, and
Friday in each week, unless the House shall think fit to adjourn over
any of such days, save and except on the first and last days of
Hilary, Easter, Trinity, and Michaelmas Term, and also save on any
day on which the House shall for special cause resolve not to hear
causes.—Emendat, per Ord. 13 Februarii, 1824.
TIME OF DAY FOR HEARING SUCH CAUSES.
CCI. Ordered, that the House do meet on each of the said days
at the hour of ten o'clock in the forenoon, and do continue sitting on
the hearing of causes till the hour of four, except on any of such days
when the Committee of Privileges shall be appointed to sit, in which
case the said Committee of Privileges shall sit at ten of the clock in
the forenoon; and if seven Lords shall not be present to form a
Committee of Privileges at a quarter after ten of the clock of the
said day, the House shall then proceed to prayers, and immediately
afterwards to hear causes: but if seven Lords shall be present at a
quarter after ten of the clock of the said day to form a Committee of
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 113
Privileges, then the House shall proceed to prayers at twelve o'clock
at noon of the said day, and immediately after to the hearing of
causes.—Emendat. per Ord. 19 Martii, 1824.
THREE LORDS TO ATTEND EACH DAY.
CCII. Ordered, that three Lords be required to attend upon each
of the said days of hearing appeals and writs of error.
HOUSE TO BE CALLED OVER ON THE FIRST MONDAY AFTER MEETING
IN EACH SESSION.
CCIII. Ordered, that for the better enforcing the attendance of
the Lords upon the hearing of appeals and writs of error, the House
be called over on the Monday next after the meeting of each session
of Parliament.
METHOD OF BALLOTING FOR LORDS WHO ARE TO ATTEND, &c.
CCIV. Ordered, that the next day after the House is called, the
titles of such Lords as shall then be and as shall have been present
in such session, antecedent to the said call, shall be written on
separate slips of paper, and put into balloting glasses at the table;
and that three of the said titles be drawn out by the Clerks, and set
down in rotation, as the same are drawn, till all the titles be so drawn
out; and that days be appointed for the attendance of each set of
Lords, whose titles have been so drawn; after which the titles of the
remainder of the Lords (upon the roll), save as to those who it is
hereafter provided shall be excused from the ballot, shall in like
manner be ballotted for, and subsequent days appointed for their
attendance: And that letters be written by the Lord Chancellor or
the Speaker to the said Lords, requiring their attendance on the days
so appointed for the same; and that a list of the said Lords, and of the
days on which their attendance is so required, in rotation, be printed
and transmitted to each of the said Lords. -
LoRDS To ATTEND, OR SoME oth ER IN THEIR stEAD, UNDER A
PENALTY.
CCV. Ordered, that the three Lords so set down in rotation do
severally attend on the days respectively fixed for such their
attendance, during the time that the House shall on such days sit
on the hearing of causes, under a penalty of fifty pounds, to be in-
curred and paid by any Lord who shall make default in that respect,
Q
114 STANDING ORDERS
unless he shall procure some other Lord to attend in his stead; and
that the said three Lords be, on the evening preceding the day ap-
pointed for such their attendance, duly summoned for that purpose.
LoRD S UNABLE TO ATTEND FROM AGE, &c. To BE Excused F.Roni
BALLOT.
CCVI. Ordered, that such Lords as are unable to serve from age,
being seventy years old and upwards, or from permanent infirmity,
do certify the same by letter to the Lord Chancellor, or to the Clerk
of the Parliaments, on or before the commencement of the session,
and that thereupon they be excused from the ballot.
LORDS UNDER ILL HEALTH, &c. To BE Excused on THE DAY
FIXED.
CCVII. Ordered, that such Lords as are unable to serve, from
ill health or domestic affliction, or for other special cause to be ad-
mitted by the House, be excused for their absence on the day
appointed for such their attendance.
LORDS TAKING THEIR SEATS, &c. By DESCENT, AFTER BALLOT, To BE
SET DOWN, AND DAYS APPOINTED For ATTENDANCE.
CCVIII. Ordered, that all Lords who shall take their seats after
the ballot, by descent, or shall be introduced upon a new creation,
or otherwise, shall be set down at the bottom of the list in the
order in which they respectively take their seats, and days shall be
appointed for their attendance in rotation.
COPY OF ORDERS RELATING TO THE ATTENDANCE OF LORDS IN
CAUSES, TO BE TRANSMITTED TO EACH.
CCIX. Ordered, that a copy of such Standing Orders as relate to
the attendance of the Lords on the hearing of causes, shall be trans-
mitted to each Lord, together with the list, according to the fifth
Order.—(See Order 204.)—Ordered, that the said Orders be de-
clared Standing Orders, and that they be entered on the roll of
Standing Orders of this House.
BILLs For BoDIE's corpoBATE To BE REFERRED To A CoAIMITTEE,
AND THREE" FOURTHS OF THE JOINT STOCK TO BE WESTED IN
THE BANK, &c.
Die Mercurii, 2 Junii, 1824.
CCX. Ordered, that in future, with the exception of Bills for
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 115
making or improving any turnpike road, navigation, aqueduct, cut or
canal, railway or tram road, tunnel or archway, bridge, ferry, dock,
pier, port or harbour, wharf, stairs, or landing place, and of Bills for
lighting, paving, or watching any one town, parish, or district, or for
the erecting or improving any market place or market house, or for
the cultivation and improvement of waste lands, all Bills brought into
this House enacting and declaring that certain persons shall form a
body politic and corporate, who shall only be bound to the extent of
their respective shares, or granting to the same the privilege of a
perpetual succession and a common seal, or the right of suing and
being sued, pleading and being impleaded, at law or in equity, or of
prosecuting any person who shall commit any felony, misdemeanour,
or other offence, or any Bill conveying to any number of persons who
are not bound conjointly and severally to the extent of their re-
spective fortunes one or more of the aforesaid privileges; such Bill,
after being read a first time, shall be referred to a select Committee;
and that no such Bill shall be read a second time till the Committee
to which it is referred have reported that it has to them been
proved, in a satisfactory manner, that three-fourths of the capital
intended to form the joint stock of such company is deposited in the
Bank of England, or vested in Exchequer Bills, or in the public
funds in the name of trustees, to be transferred to such company
when they are by law constituted a body politic and corporate, or
have by law acquired any of the aforesaid privileges.—Emendat. per
Ord. 29 Martii, 1830.
SIMILAR PROVISIONS FOR BILLS IN FAVOUR OF BODIES AL READy
CORPORATE.
CCXI. Ordered, that in future, when any Bill shall be brought
into this House, granting and enacting in favour of any body politic
and corporate (previously constituted such by royal charter, and who
are not bound conjointly and severally to the extent of their re-
spective fortunes,) further privileges; such Bill, if not intended to
effect the objects specially excepted in the former order, after being
read a first time, shall be referred to a select Committee; and that
no such Bill shall be read a second time till the Committee to which
it is referred have reported that it has to them been proved in a
satisfactory manner that three-fourths of the capital intended to
form the joint stock of such company has been paid up by the
116 STANDING ORDERS
individual proprietors.-Ordered, that the said Orders be declared
Standing Orders, &c.
PRO OFS AND PEDIGREE OF CLAIMANTS OF IRISH PEERAGE TO BE LAID
ON THE TABLE, &c. Two DAYS BEFoRE HEARING.
Die Jovis, 17 Junii, 1824.
CCXII. Ordered, that this House, or any Committee thereof, do
not proceed to the hearing upon any claim to vote for the Repre-
sentative Peers of Ireland, until after a statement or abstract of the
proofs, and also of the pedigree upon which such claim may be
founded, together with the dates thereof, shall be laid on the table
of the House, and also delivered to the Lord in the chair of the said
Committee to which the said claim may be referred, two days before
the hearing.—Ordered, that the said Order be declared a Standing
Order, &c.
BILLS GIVING EXTENDED POWERS TO BODIES CORPORATE NOT TO BE
READ A THIRD TIME, UNTIL CERTAIN CONDITIONS ARE REPORTED
TO HAVE BEEN COMPLIED WITH.
Die Lunae, 1 Junii, 1829.
CCXIII. Ordered, by the Lords Spiritual and Temporal in Parlia-
ment assembled, that no Bill to empower any company already con-
stituted by Act of Parliament to execute any work other than that
for which it was originally established, shall be read a third time in
this House, unless the Committee on the Bill shall have specially
reported—
1st. That a draft of the proposed Bill was submitted to a meeting
of the proprietors of such company at a meeting held specially
for that purpose :
2d. That such meeting was called by advertisement inserted for
four consecutive weeks in the newspapers of the county or coun-
ties wherein such new works were proposed to be executed; or
if there are no newspapers published in such county or counties,
then in that of the nearest county wherein a newspaper is pub-
lished :
3d. That such meeting was held at a period not earlier than seven
days after the last insertion of such advertisement:
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 117
4th. That at such meeting the draft of the proposed Bill was sub-
mitted to the proprietors then present, and was approved of by
at least three-fifths of such proprietors.
That in case any proprietor of such company, or any person au-
thorised to act for him in that behalf, shall at such meeting as afore-
said have dissented, such proprietor shall be permitted, on petitioning
the House, to be heard by the Committee on the proposed Bill, by
himself, his counsel or agents.
Ordered, that the said Order be declared a Standing Order, and
that it be entered on the roll of Standing Orders of this House, and
printed and published, to the end all persons concerned may the bet-
ter take notice of the same.
ACT OF PARLIAMENT
(31 HEN. VIII. cap. 10.)
For placing of the Lords.
I. “For Asmuch as in all great councils and congregations of men,
having sundry degrees and offices in the commonwealth, it is very
requisite and convenient that an order should be had and taken for
the placing and sitting of such persons as be bounden to resort to
the same, to the intent that they, knowing their places, may use the
same without displeasure or let of the Council; therefore the King's
most Royal Majesty, although it appertaineth unto his prerogative
royal to give such honour, reputation, and placing to his councillors,
and other his subjects, as shall be seeming to his most excellent wis-
dom, is nevertheless pleased and contented for an order to be had
and taken in this his most high Court of Parliament, that it shall be
enacted by authority of the same in manner and form as hereafter
followeth :”
sEATs APPROPRIATED For THE KING's chILDREN, AND THE KING's
VICEGERENT.
II. First, it is enacted by authority aforesaid, that no person or
persons, of what estate, degree, or condition soever he or they be of
118 STANDING ORDERS
(except only the King's children), shall at any time hereafter attempt
or presume to sit or have place at any side of the cloth of estate in
the Parliament Chamber, neither of the one hand of the King's High-
ness, nor of the other, whether the King's Majesty be there person-
ally present or absent : “And forasmuch as the King's Majesty is
justly and lawfully supreme head in earth, under God, of the Church
of England, and for the good exercise of the said most royal dignity
and office, hath made Thomas Lord Crumwel, and Lord Privy Seal,
his Vicegerent for good and due ministration of justice, to be had in
all causes and cases touching the ecclesiastical jurisdiction, and for
the godly reformation and redress of all errors, heresies, and abuses
in the said Church :” It is therefore also enacted by authority afore-
said, that the said Lord Crumwel, having the said office of Vicege-
rent, and all other persons which hereafter shall have the said office of
the grant of the King's Highness, his heirs or successors, shall sit and
be placed, as well in this present Parliament as in all Parliaments to
be holden hereafter, on the right side of the Parliament Chamber, and
upon the same form that the Archbishop of Canterbury sitteth upon,
and above the same Archbishop and his successors, and shall have
voice in every Parliament to assent or dissent as other the Lords of
the Parliament.

THE ARCHIBISHOPS AND BISHOPS.
III. And it is also enacted, that next to the said Vicegerent shall
sit the Archbishop of Canterbury; and the next to him, on the same
form and side, shall sit the Archbishop of York; and next to him,
on the same form and side, the Bishop of London; and next to him,
on the same side and form, the Bishop of Durham ; and next to him,
on the same side and form, the Bishop of Winchester; and then all
the other Bishops of both provinces of Canterbury and York shall sit
and be placed on the same side, after their ancienties, as it hath been
accustomed.
THE LoRD CHANCELLoR, LoRD TREASURER, LoRD PRESIDENT OF
THE KING's council, AND LORD PRIVY SEAL.
IV. “And forasmuch as such other personages which now have
and hereafter shall happen to have other great offices of the realm—
that is to say, the offices of the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Treasurer,
OF THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 119
the Lord President of the King's most honourable Council, the Lord
Privy Seal, the Great Chamberlain of England, the Constable of Eng-
land, the Lord Marshal of England, the Lord Admiral, the Grand
Master or Lord Steward of the King's most honourable Household,
the King's Chamberlain, and the King's Secretary—have not heretofore
been appointed and ordered for the placing and sitting in the King's
most high Court of Parliament, by reason of their offices:" It is
therefore now ordained and enacted by the authority aforesaid, that
the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Treasurer, the Lord President of the
King's Council, and the Lord Privy Seal, being of the degree of
Barons of Parliament, or above, shall sit and be placed, as well in this
present Parliament as in all other Parliaments hereafter to be holden,
on the left side of the said Parliament Chamber, on the higher part
of the form of the same side, above all Dukes, except only such as
shall happen to be the King's son, the King's brother, the King's un-
cle, the King's nephew, or the King's brothers' or sisters' sons.
THE GREAT CHAMBERLAIN, THE CONSTABLE, THE LORD MARSHAL,
AND THE LORD ADMIRAL of ENGLAND ; ALso THE LoRD stEwARD
OF THE KING's HOUSEHOLD, AND THE KING's CHAMBERLAIN.
V. And it is also ordained and enacted by authority aforesaid, that
the Great Chamberlain, the Constable, the Marshal, the Lord Admi-
ral, the Great Master or Lord Steward, and the King's Chamberlain,
shall sit and be placed after the Lord Privy Seal, in manner and form
following; that is to say, every of them shall sit and be placed above
all other personages, being of the same estates or degrees that they
shall happen to be of; that is to say, the Great Chamberlain first,
the Constable next, the Marshal third, the Lord Admiral the fourth,
the Grand Master or Lord Steward fifth, and the King's Chamberlain
the sixth.
THE RING's chIEF SECRETARY, BEING A BARON.
VI. And it is also enacted by authority aforesaid, that the King's
Chief Secretary, being of the degree of a Baron of the Parliament,
shall sit and be placed afore and above all Barons not having any of
the offices above mentioned; and if he be a Bishop, that then he
shall sit and be placed above all other Bishops not having any of the
offices above remembered.
120 STANDING ORDERS, &c.
DUKES, MARQUESSES, EARLS, WISCOUNTS, AND BARONS.
VII. And it is also ordained and enacted by authority aforesaid,
that all Dukes not afore mentioned, Marquesses, Earls, Viscounts,
and Barons, not having any of the offices aforesaid, shall sit and be
placed after their ancienty, as it hath been accustomed.
OFFICERS OF STATE WHO ARE NOT PEERS.
VIII. And it is further enacted, that if any person or persons which
at any time hereafter shall happen to have any of the said offices
of Lord Chancellor, Lord Treasurer, Lord President of the King's
Council, Lord Privy Seal, or Chief Secretary, shall be under the de-
gree of a Baron of the Parliament, by reason whereof they can have
no interest to give any assent or dissent in the said House, that then,
in every such case, such of them as shall happen to be under the said
degree of a Baron shall sit and be placed at the uppermost part of
the sacks, in the midst of the said Parliament Chamber, either there
to sit upon one form, or upon the uppermost sack; the one of them
above, the other in order as is above rehearsed.
PLACES OF OFFICERS OF STATE IN TRIALS BY THE PEERS.
IX. Be it also enacted by authority aforesaid, that in all trials of
treasons by Peers of this realm, if any of the Peers that shall be
called hereafter to be triours of such treason shall happen to have any
of the offices aforesaid, that then they having such offices shall sit
and be placed according to their offices, above all the other Peers
that shall be called to such trials, in manner and form as is above
mentioned and rehearsed.
THEIR PLACES IN OTHER ASSEMBLIES.
X. And be it also enacted by authority aforesaid, that as well in all
Parliaments as in the Star Chamber, and in all other assemblies and
conferences of Council, the Lord Chancellor, the Lord Treasurer, the
Lord President, the Lord Privy Seal, the Great Chamberlain, the
Constable, the Marshal, the Lord Admiral, the Grand Master or Lord
Steward, the King's Chamberlain, and the King's Chief Secretary,
shall sit and be placed in such order and fashion as is above rehearsed,
and not in any other place, by authority of this present act.
INT) EX
TO
THE STAND ING ORDERS
OF THE
HOUSE OF LORDS.
A.
AccusATIONs in the House of Commons, Lords not to answer
Act of Parliament for placing of the Lords . - - -
Address, Mode of, in speaking - - - - - -
Allegiance, Oaths of, &c. to be administered to Peers before the
commencement of business - - -
Amendments to Bills, Reports of . - -
Answering Appeals, Peremptory days for . - - -
Answers to Appeals, Dates of, to be endorsed, and names entered
in the Journals . - - - - -
- -
not heard in one session, to be brought on
the beginning of next - - - -
, Times limited for putting in - -
Appeals and Writs of Error, Cases in, An Appendix of proofs to
be added to - -
–, Cases on, to contain proofs taken in
the Courts below - - - - -
—--—, Days for hearing
- , Time of day for hearing
Three Lords to attend each day - - -
House to be called over on the first Monday after meet-
ing in each session - - - - - -
Method of balloting for Lords who are to attend, &c.
Lords to attend, or some other in their stead, under a
penalty - - - - - - - -
Lords unable to attend from age, &c. to be excused
from ballot . - -
Order.
xIV.
XCII.
XXXIV.
CVI.
CIX.
CVII.
CXXIII.
CXCIV-
Page.
57
117
48
71
53
75
76
75
81
109
102
112
- CLXXXI.
CC.
CCI.
CCII.
CCIII.
CCIV.
C.C.W.
CCVI.
ib.
113
122 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERS
Lords under ill health, &c. to be excused on the day
fixed . - - - - - - - -
Lords taking their seats by descent, after ballot, to be
set down, and days appointed for attendance . -
Copy of Standing Orders relative to the attendance of
Lords in causes, to be transmitted to each - -
Appeals, Answers to, Dates of, to be endorsed, and names en-
tered on the Journals - - - - - - -
not heard in one session, to be brought on
the beginning of the next . - - - - - -
, Times limited for putting in . - -
—-, Cross, Time limited for bringing . - - -
-, Frivolous, Caution against - - - - -
-- from judgment of the Court of Session in Scotland, to
be certified by two counsel - - - - - -
– of murder and felony, Trial of Peers in Parliament not
to extend to - - - - - - - - -
-, Notice to be given to a respondent of the time when the
same is to be presented - - - - - - -
- or Writs of Error, The question to be put for reversing,
only, in giving judgment on - - - - - -
——-, Peremptory days for answering - - - -
—-, Printed cases of, must be signed by counsel in the cause
-, Recognizances on, to be entered into, in eight days .
-, Revived, Supplemental cases to be delivered in, stating
the orders of the House . - - - - - -
-, Time limited for bringing in . - - - -
—-, Time for laying cases in, on the table - - -
- to be heard, in consecutive sessions, as they stand ap-
pointed . - - - - - - - - -
-, Unanswered, to stand dismissed, unless prosecuted at
the commencement of next session - - - - -
Arrest, Attorneys and Solicitors of Lords not privileged from .
, Privileges of the servants of Lords, from . - -
Attorney-general, &c. not to be counsel for private persons at the
Lords” bar - - - - - - - - -
Attorneys and Solicitors of Lords not privileged from arrest .
- B.
Balloting, Method of, for Lords who are to attend at the hearing
of causes . - - - - - - - - -
Lords unable to attend from age to be excused from
Lords taking their seats, by descent, after, to be set
down, and days appointed for attendance - -
Banbury, Earl of, Precedency granted to the . - - -
Order.
CCVII.
CCVIII.
CCIX.
CIX.
CVII.
CXXIII.
CXXVII.
LVIII.
CLXXIX.
*LIII.
CLXXX.
H.W.I.
CVI.
LIX.
LXI.
CXCIX.
L.W.
CLXXVII.
CXXIV.
CVIII.
LXVI.
LXV.
LXIII.
Lx.V.I.
CCIV.
CCVI.
CCVIII.
LXXXVI.
Page.
114
85
60
101
102
59
75
60
61
11]
59
101
82
113
114
ib.
68
OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS.
123
Order.
Bar, Caution in calling Peers to the - - - - . XLVIII.
Bill, Addition to the Standing Order that none is to be read twice
the same day . - - - - - - - - CLV.
Bills, Reports of Amendments to . - - - - . XXXIV.
for Restitution in Blood to be signed by the King, and to
begin in the Lords' House - - - - - - XC.
, Divorce, none to be received without a clause prohibiting
the offending parties from marrying . - - - , CLXXVI.
Petition for, to be accompanied by a copy of the trial CXLI.
Petitioners for, to attend on the second reading • CXLII.
, Enclosure, Road, Navigation, &c., Provision to be made
in, that the purchase money be paid into the Bank - - CLIV.
; First and second reading of . - - - - - XXIII.
for Bodies Corporate to be referred to a Committee, and three-
fourths of the joint stock to be vested in the Bank, &c. - CCX.
Similar provisions for Bills in favour of bodies already cor-
porate - - - - - - - - - CCXI.
giving extended powers to bodies corporate, not to be read
a third time, until certain conditions are reported to have been
complied with . - - - - - - - • CCXIII.
— for Canals, Navigation, Roads, or other public local pur-
poses, none to be read a third time, unless notice be given in
the county newspaper, &c. . - - - - - CLXXXIII.
Such notices to contain the names of towns and parishes
concerned - - - - - - - • CLXXXIV.
A map or plan, with list of landowners, estimates, &c. to
be deposited with the Clerk of the Parliaments . • CI, XXXV.
The map, one inch to a mile, to be annexed to the Bill .cLxxxvi.
Application to landowners, &c., with assents and dissents,
to be appended in like manner . - - - CLXXXVII.
The same to be done where power is given to deviate from
the line described - - - - - • CLXXXVIII.
Application to be made to the owners, &c. of lands, streams,
and mills, who may be prejudiced - - - • CLXXXIX.
A map or plan to be deposited, in case of making a new
road, or varying the line before used . - - - CXC.
All powers given by any Bill for such purposes to cease, if
the work be not completed within time - - - CXCI.
Four-fifths of the probable expense to be subscribed • CXCII.
Provision to be made for canals, &c. crossing public roads cro111.
— for Naturalization, None to be read a second time without
certificate of conduct - - - - - - • CLXXI.
for regulating Trade, &c. Committee to report upon the ex-
pediency of - - - - - - - - • CXCVIII.
Page.
56
93
53
70
100
116
103
105
106
ib.
107
ib.


124 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERS
Bills, None for renewing Letters-Patent to be read a third time,
unless thrice noticed in the gazette - - - -
nor unless the term of such patent shall expire within
two years . - - - - - - -
nor unless application be made by the Discoverer or his
representative - - - - - - -
for sale and purchase of lands, Regulations for - -
not to be read twice the same day . - - - -
, Private, Chairman of the Committee on, to report whether
the Standing Orders have been complied with . -
, Consents of Heirs of Entail to, relating to estates
in Scotland, to be in person, or by instruments duly executed
, Consents to, where Children have an interest .
, Consents to, where the petitioners are Tenants for
Life and in tail, &c. . - - - - - - -
, Consents to, where Women have an interest .
, Consents to, of persons in Ireland, before the
judges in Ireland, to be sufficient evidence at Committees .
, Consents to, in Ireland, to be personal or by an
instrument duly executed . - - - - - -
, Consents of persons in Scotland to, given before
the judges, to be sufficient evidence at Committees - -
— for exchanging or selling estates, Schedules of
Value, &c. to be annexed to - - - - - -
— for selling lands in Ireland, and purchasing others
in lieu thereof . - - - - - - - -
for selling lands in Scotland, and purchasing
others, to be settled in lieu thereof - - - - -
—, New appointment of Trustees for persons in-
terested in, to be with the approbation of the Court of
Chancery - - - - - - - - -
, None to be read till a copy of the petition, &c.
is delivered to the Chairman of the Committees . - -
- , Notice of petition for, to be given to Mortgagees,
when necessary - - - - - - - -
—, relative to estates in Ireland, Petitions for, to be
referred to two judges in Ireland - - - - -
—, relative to estates in Scotland, Consents of persons
to, to be in certain proportions . - - - - -
—, Petitions for, relative to estates in Scotland, to be
referred to two judges of the Court of Session - - -
—, Trustees in, to consent in person - - -
—, Public Local, in Scotland, Affidavits relating to, taken in
Scotland, to be evidence before the Committee . - -
Such affidavits to be accompanied by certificates . -
Order.
CLXXII.
CLXXIII.
CLXXIV.
CXXVI.
xxv I.
CLII.
CXxxIII.
CXLVII.
Cxlv.
CXLVI.
CLVII.
CLVIII.
CXXXII.
CLI.
CLIX.
CLIII.
CXLIX,
CLXXV.
CL.
CLVI.
CXCVII.
CXXXI.
CXLVIII.
CXCV.
CXCVI.
Page,
99
ib.
100
83
51
90
87
89
88
89
94
95
86
90
95
90
89
100
90
94
111
86
89
110
OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS. 125
Order. Page.
Bills sent to Committees, All Standing Orders relative to, to be
laid before them - - - - - - - - CXXXIX. 87
, Substance of, to be duly considered - - - - xxIV. 50
of supply, No clause foreign to the matter to be annexed to XXV. 51
Bishops and Peers, Difference between; with their Privileges . x LIV. 55
Blood, Bills for Restitution in, to be signed by the King, and to
begin in the Lords' House . - - - - - - XC. 70
Bodies Corporate, Bills for, (See Bills for Bodies Corporate) Cox, &c. 115, &c.
Breach of Privilege, Complaint of, to be upon oath - • LXXVIII. 66
, Filing a Bill against a Peer, where witnesses
are to be examined, is not a - - - - - • LXXII. 64
, Filing a Bill in Equity, without process,
not a - - - - - - - - - • LXXIII. 65
, If complaint of, be not allowed, the Lord to
pay expenses . - - - - - - - • LXXVIII. 66
in Ireland, Affidavit of, sufficient to take a
person into custody . - - - - - - - CX- 76
, Printing the proceedings of the House with-
out leave, a - - - - - - - - • LXXVII. 66
—, Printing the Works, Lives, or Wills of
Lords, without consent, a . - - - - - - CXIII. 78
Business, Lords not to discourse during the transaction of • XVIII. 49
C,
Calling of the House . . . - - - - • XXVII. 51
Canal, or Navigation, or Road Bill, &c., None to be read a third
time, unless notice be given in the county newspaper . CLXXXIII. 103
Such notices to contain the names of towns and parishes
concerned - - - - - - - CLxxxiv. 105
A map or plan, with list of land-owners, estimate of ex-
pense, &c. to be deposited with the Clerk of Parliaments clxxxv. ib.
The map, printed on a scale of one inch to a mile, to be
annexed to the Bill . - - - - - CLXxxvi. 106
Application to land-owners, &c. with list of assents or -
dissents, to be deposited in like manner . - CLXXXVII. ib.
The same to be done where power is given to deviate
from the line described in the map . - . CLXxxviii. 107
Application to be made to the owners, &c. of lands,
streams, and mills, from which water may be taken
to their prejudice . - - - - - CLXXXIX. ib.
A map or plan to be deposited for new roads, or varying
the former line of road . - - - - - CXC. ib.
All powers given by any Bill for such purposes, to cease,
if the work be not completed within the time . - Cxcl. 108
Four-fifths of the probable expense to be subscribed . cxcit. ib.
126 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERs
Order.
Canals, provision to be made in Bills for, &c. crossing public
roads, respecting the ascent, fences, &c. - - - CXCIII.
Cases in Appeals and Writs of Error. An appendix of proofs to
be added to - - - - - - - - • CXCIV.
, Time for laying on the table . - - • CILXXVII.
in Writs of Error, Time for laying on the table - CLXXVIII.
on Appeals and Writs of Error to contain proofs taken in
the courts below - - - - • CLXXX.
, Printed, to be distributed four days before causes are heard cºvri.
Causes appointed for hearing not to be put off without two days’
notice - - - - - - - - - - LX-
—, during the hearing of, The Lords must be on the benches I, XIV.
, Mode of proceeding at the hearing of - - - CXIX.
, No petition for the rehearing of, to be read the same day
offered - - - - - - - - - - LVII.
, Printed cases to be distributed four days before the hear-
ing of - - - - - - - - - • CXVII.
, Time and Days of hearing - - - - • CILXXXII-
, Time of day for hearing . - - - - - CCI.
to be heard before other business - - - - LXII.
— to have precedence of private Bills - - - . YCWII.
Caution against frivolous appeals . - - - - - LVII.1.
in calling Peers to the bar . - - - - XLVIII.
to be observed in making or dispensing with Standing
Orders - - - - - - - - - - CIV-
Certiorari, Certificates of, awarded upon Writs of Error . - CV.
Claim of a Coheir to an Irish Peerage in abeyance, to be by peti-
tion - - - - - - - - - • CLXII.
Claims of Peerage, Time for delivery and contents of printed
cases in . - - - - - - - - • CXXVIII.
in Abeyance, not to be proceeded on, unless
by recommendation of the King . - - - - • CLXIII.
to be referred to the Committee of Privileges clºſiv.
— of Persons to be Peeresses of Ireland in their own right clºv.
- to vote for the Representative Peers of Ireland, to be by
petition, &c. - - - - - - - - - CLX.
Resolutions of the House admitting such Claims, to be
transmitted to the Clerk of the Crown in Ireland . CLXI.
Clerks and officers of the House not to be displaced without
Page.
109
ib.
101
102
80
60
62
81
80
102
112
61
73
60
56
74
75
97
85
97
ib.
98
96
97
79
48
51
order - - - - - - - - - - CxV.
Cloth of estate, Salutation and Obeisance to the - - - XI.
Committees . - - • * * - - - - • XXVIII.
—, All Standing Orders relative to Bills sent to, to be
laid before them . - - - CII. 74 and crxxix.
87
OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS.
127
Committees for examining the Journal book - - - -
—, House not to be resumed without consent of . -
—, Lords not actually on, may not vote at . - -
– of Privileges, Lords coming to a, shall be of that
Committee - - - - - - - - -
– of the whole House, Mode of sitting on - -
– on Private Bills, Chairman of, to report whether the
Standing Orders have been complied with . - - -
– or Conferences, Strangers not admitted to - -
- Select, Mode of sitting in . - - - -
Commons, Conferences with the . - - - - -
, House of, Lords not to answer accusations in the .
, no Lord to go into the, without leave of
the Peers - - - - - - - - -
, Messages from the, Manner of receiving - -
, Messengers to the . - - - - - -
Conferences or Committees, Strangers not admitted to - -
– with the Commons - - - - - -
—, Who are to speak at . - - - - -
Consents of Heirs of Entail in Scotland, to be in person, or by
instruments duly executed - - - - - -
- - of persons in Ireland to Private Bills before the judges
in Ireland, to be sufficient evidence at Committees - -
to Private Bills, to be personal, or
by an instrument duly executed . - - - - -
- in Scotland, to Private Bills, given before the
judges, to be sufficient evidence at Committees . - -
to Private Bills, relative to estates in Scot-
land, to be in certain proportions - - - -
- to, and Notice of Private Bills . - - - -
-, to Private Bills, of Trustees, to be in person . -
—, where Children have an interest . -
-——, where the petitioners are Tenants for Life,
and in tail, &c. . - - - - - - - -
—, where Women have an interest . -
Contents to go below the bar, in Divisions - - - -
Corporate bodies, Bills for, to be referred to a Committee, and
three-fourths of the joint stock to be vested in the Bank, &c.
Similar provisions for Bills in favour of bodies already
corporate . - - - - - - -
—, Bills giving extended powers to, not to be read
a third time, until certain conditions are reported to have
been complied with - - - - - - -
Counsel, The Attorney-General, &c. not to be, for private persons,
at the Lords’ bar - - - - - - -
Order.
XCI.
XXXI.
XXXIII.
CXXI.
XXIX.
CLII.
XXXIX.
XXXII.
xxxv II.
L-
LI.
XXXV.
xxxWI.
XXXIX.
xXXVII.
XXXVIII.
CXXXIII.
CLVII.
CLV III.
CXXXII.
CXCVII.
YCIV.
CXLVIII.
CXLVII.
CXLV.
CXLVI.
XXII.
ccx.
CCXI.
CCXIII.
LXIII.
Page.
7]
52
ib.
81
52
86
111
72
89
ib.
88
89
50
115
116
62

128 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERS
Order.
Court of Session in Scotland, Appeals from the judgment of, to be
certified by two Counsel . - - - - - . CLXXIX.
Cross Appeals, Time limited for bringing - - - - CYXVII-
D.
Descent, Peers by, may sit in the House without introduction, fee,
or ceremony - - - - - - - - LxxxWIII.
Dignity and order in the House - - - - - - XIII.
Discourse, Lords not to, during the transaction of Business - XVIII.
Disorder, Prevention of, in the House, when the King is present CXI.
Divorce Bill, None to be received without a clause prohibiting the
offending parties from marrying . - - - - • CI, XXVI.
Petition for a, to be accompanied by a copy of the
trial - - - - - - . - CXLI.
Petitioners to attend on the second reading of . cxlır.
Doorkeepers not to stay within the House - - - - XLII.
E.
Enclosure, Navigation and Road Bills, &c., Provision to be made
in, that the purchase money be paid into the Bank - - CLIV.
Estates, Bills for exchanging or selling, Schedules of Value, &c.
to be annexed to - - - - - - - - CLI.
— in Ireland, Petitions for private Bills relative to, to be re-
ferred to two judges in Ireland - - - - CLVI.
in Scotland, Petitions for private Bills relative to, to be
referred to two judges of the Court of Session - - - CXxxI.
F.
Filinga Bill againsta Peer, without process, no Breach of Privilege Lxxiii.
, in cases where witnesses are to be ex-
amined, no Breach of Privilege - - • LXXII.
Fines - - - - - - - - - XLVI.
Frivolous appeals, Caution against - - - - - LVIII.
G.
Goods of Privileged Persons to be free - - - - LXIX.
H.
Habeas Corpus, No Lords have privilege against Writs of - CXxv.
Hearing of causes, Mode of proceeding at the . - - - CX1x.
, Printed Cases to be distributed four days be-
fore the . - -
- - - - - - • CXVII.
Heirs of Entail to estates in Scotland,-their consents to private
Bills to be in person, or by instruments duly executed - C XXXIII.
Page.
101
85
69
48
49
76
100
87
88
54
90
94
86
65
64
55
60
64
83
81
80
87
OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS.
129
Order.
Honour, Lords to answer on their, and not upon Oath, - - LXX.
House, Calling of the . - - - - - - • XXVII.
, Clerks and Officers of the, not to be displaced without
order - - - - - - - - - - CxV.
, Dignity and Order in the - - - - - XIII.
not to be resumed without consent of Committee - XXXI.
, Prevention of disorder in the, when the King is present CXI.
, Respect to be shown to the - - - - - X.
- when sitting, None but persons having a right, to be in
the . - - - - - - - - - • CXXX.
of Commons, Lords not to answer accusations in the . L.
-, no Lord to go into the, without leave of
the Peers - - - - - - - - - LL.
I.
Imprisoned, Peers not to be, without order of the House; with
exceptions - - - - - - - - - XLIX.
Introduced, Peers claiming by Limitation, to be - - • LXXXIX.
Introduction, fee, or any ceremony, Peers by Descent may sit in
the House without . . - - - - - LXXXVIII.
Ireland, Affidavit of Breach of Privilege in, sufficient to take a
person into custody . - - - - - - - CX.
, Consents of persons in, to Private Bills, given before the
judges in Ireland, to be sufficient evidence at Committees . cIlv11.
, to be personal, or
by an instrument duly executed . - - - - . CLVIII.
, Estates in, Petitions for Private Bills relative to, to be
referred to two judges in Ireland - - - - - CLVI.
, Lands in, Bills for selling, and purchasing others in lieu
thereof . - - - - - - - - - CI, IX.
, Peeresses of, in their own right, Claims of persons to be clzv1.
, Representative Peers of Claim to vote for, to be by peti-
tion - - - - - - - - - - CLX.
Irish Peerage, Claims of, not to be proceeded on, unless recom-
mended by his Majesty - - - - - - - CLXIII.
, to be referred to the Committee of pri-
vileges . - - - - - - - - • CLXIV.
in Abeyance, Notice to be given of, by the House
to his Majesty . - - - - - - - - CuxW.
——————-, The claim of a Coheir to, to be by
petition . - - - - - - - - • CLXIL.
, Proofs and pedigree of Claimants of, to be laid on
the table, &c. two days before hearing - - - • CCXII.
Irish Representative Peers, Letters-Patent advancing them to
higher dignities, to be read in the House . - - • CLXVIII,
s
Page.
64
51
79
52
76
48
56
70
69
76
94
94
95
98
96
97
93
97
116
98
130 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERS
-
Order.
Irish Representative Peers, Resolutions of the House, admitting
claims to vote for, to be transmitted to the Clerk of the Crown
in Ireland - - - - - - - - - CLXI.
J.
Journal Book, Committee for examining the . - - • XCI.
Judgment, Proxies not to be used in giving . - - • LXXXII.
Judges and Privy Councillors not to speak or be covered until
the Lords give them leave - - - - - Iv. and v1.
Judicial cases, Proxies may not be made in, though by Bill . LxxxIII.
K.
King's Counsel never to be covered • * - - - W.
servants, No petition to be received for their protection from
arrest - - - - - - - - - • LXVIII,
L.
Lands in Ireland, Bills for selling, and purchasing others in lieu
thereof . - - - - - - - - - CLIX.
- in Scotland, Bills for selling, and purchasing others in lieu
thereof . - - - - - - - CLIII.
—-, Regulations for Bills for the sale and purchase of . . cxxvi.
Letters-patent advancing a Representative Peer of Ireland to a -
higher dignity, to be read in the House - - - • CILXVIII.
—, No Bill for renewing, to be read a third time, un-
-
less thrice noticed in the Gazette - - - - • CI.XXII-
Nor unless the term of such patent shall expire
within two years - - - - • CLXXIII.
Nor unless application be made by the discoverer,
or his representative - - - • CLXXIV.
Limitation, Peers claiming by, to be introduced - - • LXXXIX.
Lives, works, or wills of Lords, Printing the, without consent, a
breach of privilege . - - e - - - • CXIII.
Lobby, Who may come into the . - - - - - XLIII.
Lords coming to a Committee of Privileges shall be of that Com-
mittee - - - - - - - - - - CXXI.
- have no privilege against Writs of Habeas Corpus . - CXXV.
—- must vote for their Proxies if they vote for the question . Lxxxiv.
—- not to have above two Proxies - - - - • LXXIX.
—- not to sit in Parliament before twenty-one years of age . XCIII.
—- Placing of the, Act of Parliament for - - -
—- to answer upon their Honour, and not upon Oath . - LXX.
—-, Three, to attend each day fixed for the hearing of Causes CCII.
—-, Method of balloting for, who are to attend at the Hearing
of Appeals, &c. . - - - - - - - - CCIV.
Page.
97
71
67
46
67
46
64
95
90
83
98
99
ib.
100
70
78
55
81
83
67
66
72
117
64
113
OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS.
131
Order.
Lords to attend at the Hearing of Causes, or some other in their
stead, under a penalty - - - - - - - C.C.W.
—- unable to attend from age, &c. to be excused from ballot
for the Hearing of Causes . . . - - - - - CCVI.
- under ill health, &c. to be excused from hearing Causes . cc VII.
—- taking their seats by Descent, after ballot for the Hearing of
Causes, to be set down, and days appointed for their attendance covi II.
- Attendance of, at the Hearing of Causes, Standing Orders
relative to, to be transmitted to each . - - - - ‘CCIX,
M.
Messages from the Commons, Manner of receiving . - • XXXV.
Messengers to the Commons . - - - - - • XXXVI.
Minors and Widows of Peers have no privilege of Parliament,
saving their right of Peerage - - º - - • LXXVI.
Mistakes and unkindnesses, To prevent . . . . - xVI.
Mortgagees, Notice of petition for Private Bills to be given to,
when necessary . - - - • - - - - CL.
N.
Naturalization, No Bill for, to be read a second time without a
certificate of conduct . - - - - - - - CLXXI.
Non-contents to stay within the Bar, in Divisions . - - XXII.
O.
Oath, Lords not to answer on, but upon their Honour - LXX.
— not to be imposed on Peers by any Bills - - • LXXI.
– of Allegiance to be administered to Peers before the com-
mencement of business - - - - - - - XCII.
Obeisance and Salutations to the Cloth of Estate . - - XI.
Offensive speeches, &c. to be avoided . - - • * * xv.
Officers and Clerks of the House not to be displaced without or-
der . - - - - - - - - - - cxv.
Order and Dignity in the House . - - - - - XIII.
Order of the day for Public Business not to be read till the House
is cleared . - - - - - - - - - CXII.
Orders not to be Entered before being Read . - - - XLV.
P.
Parliament, Act of, for placing of the Lords . - - -
——, Lords not to sit in, before twenty-one years of age xcIII.
———, Proceedings on opening the - - - - VIII.
——, Prorogation of . - - - - - - VII.
Peerage, Claims of, Time for delivery and contents of printed cases
in . - - - - - - - - - • CXXVIII.
Page.
113
114
ib.
ib.
53
ib.
65
49
90
99
50
64
ib.
71
48
79
48
78
55
117
72
47
46
H.32 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERS
Order,
Peerage, Privilege of Widows of Peers marrying Commoners
lose it - - - - - - - - - • LXXVI.
Irish, Claims of, not to be proceeded on, unless recom-
mended by his Majesty - - - - - - • CLXIII.
- - , to be referred to the Committee of
privileges - - - - - - - - • CLXIV.
, Proofs and pedigree of Claimants of, to be laid on
the table, &c. two days before hearing . - - - • CCXII.
, if in Abeyance, Notice of, to be given by the House
to the King - - - - - - - - • CILXV.
— ———, The claim of a Coheir to, to be by
petition . - - - - - - - - • CLXII.
Peeresses of Ireland, in their own right, Claims of persons to be clxvi.
Peers and Bishops, Difference between, with their privileges XLIV.
by Descent may sit in the House without introduction, fee,
or ceremony . - - - - - - - LXXXVIII.
—, Caution in calling, to the bar - - - - • XLVIII.
claiming by Limitation to be introduced . - - • LXXXIX.
, Filing a Bill against, where witnesses are to be examined,
no Breach of Privilege - - - - - - LXXII.
, Filing a Bill against, without process, no Breach of Privilege Lxxiii.
have no Privilege of Parliament against the proving of wills Lxxv.
as Trustees . - • LXXIV.
not to be imprisoned without order of the House, with ex-
ceptions . - - - - - - - - - XLIX.
—, Oaths of Allegiance to be administered to, before the com-
mencement of Business - - - - - - - XCII.
, Oaths not to be imposed on, by any Bills - - - LXXI.
—, Trial of, to be in full Parliament - - - - - LII.
—, in Parliament, not to extend to Appeals of Murder
or Felony - - - - - - - - LIII.
—, Widows of, marrying Commoners, lose their Privilege of
Peerage . - - - - - - - - • LXXVI.
, Representative of Ireland, Claim to vote for, to be by peti-
tion, &c. . - - - - - - - - - CLX.
, Letters-Patent advancing such to
higher dignities, to be read in the House . - - • CLXVIII.
, Resolutions of the House, admit- -
ting Claims to vote for, to be transmitted to the Clerk of the
Crown in Ireland - - - - - - - - CLXI.
Persons who have a right to be in the House when sitting - CXXX.
Petition, Claim to vote for the Representative Peers of Ireland, to
be by - - - - - - - - - CLX.
– for a Divorce Bill to be accompanied by a copy of the
trial - - - - - - - - - - CXLI.
Page,
66
97
ib.
116
98
97
98
55
69
56
64
65
ib.
ib.
56
71
64
57
98
97
85
96
87

OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS.
133
Petitions for private Bills relative to Estates in Ireland to be re-
ferred to two judges in Ireland . - - - - -
—— in Scotland, to be refer-
red to two judges of the Court of Session . - - -
– for protection of the King's Servants from arrest not to
be received - - - - - - - - -
– for Rehearing of Causes, not to be read the same day
offered - - - - - - - - - -
– for Private Bills, Signatures to - - - -
Petitioners to attend on the second reading of Divorce Bills -
Precedency granted to the Earl of Banbury . - - -
Prevention of Disorder in the House, when the King is present .
Printed Cases in Claims of Peerage, Time for delivery, and con-
tents of . - - - - - - - - -
of Appeals must be signed by counsel in the cause
— to be distributed four days before Causes are heard
Printing the Proceedings of the House, without leave, a Breach of
Privilege - - - - - - - - -
the works, lives, or wills of Lords, without consent, a
Breach of Privilege . - - - - - - -
Private Bills, Causes to have precedence of . - - -
, Chairman of the Committee on, to report whether
the Standing Orders have been complied with - - -
- • Consents to, and notice of - - - -
, Consents of Trustees interested in, to be in person
- , Consents to, where Children have an interest -
—, where the petitioners are Tenants for
Life and in tail, &c. . - - -
—————, where Women have an interest -
–––. New appointment of Trustees for persons interested
in, to be with the approbation of the Court of Chancery -
• None to be read, till a copy of the Petition, &c. is
delivered to the chairman of the Committees - - -
• Notice of petition for, to be given to Mortgagees
when necessary - - - - - - - -
, Signatures to petitions for - - - -
• Standing Orders on, to be laid before the Committee
——, The bringing in of, to be petitioned for
—— to be printed before being read .
-
- -
—— to be referred to and signed by two judges . -
- , Trustees in, to appear personally - - -
, Witnesses on, to be first sworn at the bar of the
House - - - - - - - - - -
— for Enclosures, Navigation, or Roads, &c., Provi-
sion to be made in, that the purchase money be paid into the
Bank - - - - -
Order.
CLW I.
CXXXI.
LXVIII.
LVII.
XCVIII.
CXLII.
LXXXVI.
CXI.
CxxVIII.
LIX-
CXVII.
LXXVII.
CXIII.
XCVII.
CLII.
CLV.
CXLVIII.
CXLVII.
CXLV.
CXLVI.
CXLIX.
CLXXV.
CL.
XCVIII.
CII-
XCV.
XCVI.
XCIX.
CI.
CIII.
CLIV.
Page,
94
86
64
59
73
88
68
76
85
60
80
66
78
73
90
72
89
ib.
88
89
89
100
90
73
74
72
ib.
73
ib.
74
02
134 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERS
Order.
Private Bills for exchanging or selling estates, Schedules of Value
to be annexed to - - - - - - - - CLI.
- for selling lands in Ireland, and purchasing others
in lieu thereof . - - - s - - - - CLIX,
—, Consent to, of persons in Ireland, before the judges
in Ireland, to be sufficient evidence at Committees - • CLVII.
, in Ireland, to be personal, or by an in-
strument duly executed . - - - - - • CIL VIII.
relative to estates in Ireland, Petitions for, to be re-
ferred to two judges in Ireland . - - - - - CLVI.
— for selling lands in Scotland, and purchasing others
to be settled in lieu thereof - - - - - - CLIII.
relative to estates in Scotland, Consents of Heirs of
Entail to, to be in person, or by instruments duly executed . cxxxLII.
, Consents of persons in Scotland to,
to be sufficient evidence at Committees - - - • CXXXII.
in Scotland, Consents of persons to
be in certain proportions . - - - - - • CXCVII.
, Petitions for, to be re-
ferred to two judges of the Court of Session - - • CXXXI.
Privilege, Breach of, Complaint of, to be upon oath - • LXXVIII.
- —, If complaint of, be not allowed, the Lord to
pay expenses . - - - - - - - • LXXVIII.
- , Filing a Bill in Equity against a Peer, with-
out process, not a - - - - - - - • LXXIII.
——, Filing a Bill against a Peer, in cases where
witnesses are to be examined, not a . - - - • LXXII.
- - , in Ireland, Affidavit of, sufficient to take a
person into custody . - - - - - - - CX.
, Printing the Proceedings of the House with-
out leave, a - - - - - - - - • LXXVII.
—, Printing the Works, Lives, or Wills of
Lords, without consent, a . - - - - - - CXIII.
from Arrest does notextend toLords' attorneysorsolicitors LXVI,
——, Lords have none, against Writs of Habeas Corpus . cxxv.
— of the servants of Lords, from arrest - - - Lx.V.
or Protections, Written, Lords not to give to any person Lxv.11.
, What constitutes a Waiver of - - - - CXX.
of Parliament, Minors and Widows of Peers have none,
saving their right of Peerage - - - - - • LXXVI.
-- , Peers have none against the Proving of
Wills - - - - - - - - - • LXXV.
- , Peers have none as Trustees . - LXXIV.
of Peerage, Widows of Peers marrying Commoners,
lose it - - - - - - - - - • LXXVI.
Page.
90
94
95
94
90
87
86
111
86
66
65
64
76
66
78
63
83
62
63
81
OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS. 135
Order. Page.
Privileged persons, The Goods of, to be free . - - - LXIX. 64
Privileges, Committee of Lords coming to a, shall be of that
Committee - - - - - - - - - CXXI. 81
—— of Bishops and Peers . - - - - - XLIV. 55
Privy Council, Members of, and Judges not to be covered or
speak until the Lords give them leave - - . . IV. & VI. 46
Proceedings of the House, Printing without leave, a Breach of
Privilege . - - -- - - LXXVII. 66
on opening the Parliamen - - - - VIII. 47
Prorogation of Parliament . - - - - - VII. 46
Prosecution not to be delayed on Writs of Error . - LIV. 58
Protection of the King's servants from arrest, No petition to be
received for - - - - - - - - • LXVIII. 64
- or Privilege, Written, Lords not to give to any person Lxv.11. 63
, Written, declared to be null and void . - - CXVI, 79
Protests, Time for entering and signing, in the Clerks' books . CXIV, 78
Proxies from Spiritual Lords to be made to Spiritual Lords, and
from Temporal Lords to Temporal Lords . - - • LXXIX. 66
, Lords must vote for their, if they vote on the question Lxxxiv. 67
may not be made in judicial cases, though by Bill • LXXXIII. ib.
——-, New, not to be made without new leave . - • LXXXI. ib.
, No Lord to have above two - - - - • LXXIX. 66
— not to be used in giving judgment - - - • LXXXII. 67
, Time for entering . - - - - - LXXXV. 68
vacated on the Lord sitting in the House . - - LXXX. 67
Public Business, Order of the Day for, not to be read till the
House is cleared - - - - - - - - CXII. 78
Local Bills. (See Bills for canals, navigation, roads, &c.
also, canals, &c.) - - - - - CLXXXIII., &c. 103, &c.
- , Affidavits relating to, taken in Scotland, to
be evidence before the Committee - - - - - cxcv. 110
Such affidavits to be accompanied by certificates
from the Sheriff, &c. - - - - • CXCVI. ib.
Q.
Question being put, Lords not to speak after the . - - XVII, 49
R.
Reading of Bills, Addition to the Standing Order, that none be
read twice the same day . - - - - - - CLV. 93
- —, The first and second . . . - • - XXIII. 50
Recognizances on appeals to be entered into in eight days - LXI, 61
Regulations for Bills for the sale and purchase of lands . • CXXVI. 83
Rehearing of causes, No petition for, to be read the same day
offered - - - - - - - - - - I.vii. 59

136 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERS
Reports of amendments to Bills . - - - - -
Representative Peers of Ireland, Claim to vote for, to be by pe-
tition, &c. - - - - - - - -
, Letters-Patent advancing such to
higher dignities, to be read in the House - - - -
, Resolutions of the House admit-
ting claims to vote for, to be transmitted to the Clerk of the
Crown in Ireland - - - - - - - -
Respect to be shown to the House . - - - -
Respondent, Notice to be given to a, of the time when an Appeal
is to be presented - - - - - - -
Restitution in blood, Bills for, to be signed by the King, and to
begin in the Lords' House - - - - - -
Reversing only, The question to be put for, in giving Judgment
on Appeals or Writs of Error . - - - - -
Right, Persons who have a, to be in the House when sitting .
S.
Sale and purchase of lands, Regulations for Bills for the . -
Salutation and Obeisance to the Cloth of Estate - - -
Scotland, Consents of Heirs of Entail in, to private Bills, to be
in person, or by instruments duly executed . - - -
Consents to private Bills, given before the judges in,
to be sufficient evidence at Committees - - - -
, Court of Session in, Appeals from judgment of the,
to be certified by two counsel - - - - - -
, Estates in, Consents of persons to Private Bills, rela-
tive to, to be in certain proportions . - - - -
, Petitions for Private Bills relative to, to be
referred to two judges of the Court of Session - - -
, Lands in, Bills for selling, and purchasing others in
lieu thereof - - - - - - - - -
, Public Local Bills in, Affidavits relating to, taken in
Scotland, to be evidence before the Committee . - -
Such affidavits to be accompanied by certificates from
the Sheriff, &c. . - - - - - -
Select Committees, Mode of sitting in . - - - -
Servants of the King, No petition to be received for their pro-
tection from arrest - - - - -
of the Lords, Privileges of, from Arrest . - -
Sitting, Order of . - - - - - - - -
Solicitors and Attorneys of Lords not privileged from arrest -
Speaker, The Lord Chancellor as . - - - - -
Speaking, Mode of address in - - -
Speak, Lords not to, after the Question is put
Order.
xxx IV.
CLX.
CLXVIII.
CLXI.
CLXXX.
XC.
LVI.
CXXX.
CXx VI.
XI.
CXXXIII.
CXXXII.
CLXXIx.
CXCVII.
Cxxxi.
CLIII.
CXCV".
CXCVI.
XXXII.
LXVIII.
LXV.
I.
LXVI.
II.
XIV.
XVII.
Page.
53
96
98
97
48
102
70
59
83
48
87
86
101
111
86
90
110

OF THE HOUSE OF LORDS,
137
Order.
Speak, No Lord to, twice to one matter - - - - xix.
, Who are to, at Conferences - - - - ... xxxvi II.
Speaker, Choice of a, by the Lords - - - - - II i.
Speeches, Offensive, to be avoided . - - - - - x V,
Standing Order, Addition to the, that no Bill is to be read twice
the same day . - - - - - - - - C. L. v.
Orders, All, relative to Bills sent to Committees, to be
laid before them - - - - - - - , C XXXIX.
, Caution to be observed in making ordispensing with C1 v.
- , Chairman of Committee on private Bills to re-
port whether they have been complied with . - - - CL II.
, Copy of, relative to the attendance of Lords in
hearing Causes of Appeal, &c. to be transmitted to each - CCIX.
- on private Bills to be laid before the Committee . CII.
Strangers not admitted to Conferences or Committees - ... xXXIX.
Supply, Bills of, No clause foreign to the matter to be added to xxv.
T.
Tenants for life and in tail, Consents to Private Bills where the
petitioners are - - - - - - - - Cx L.V.
Time and days for Hearing Causes - - - • CLXXXII.
for bringing Appeals, Limited - - - - • CXVIII.
— limited for bringing Cross Appeals - - - . CXXVII.
for hearing causes of Appeals and Writs of Error . .C.C. & CCI.
for laying Cases in Appeal on the table . - - . CLXXVII.
-- in Writs of Error on the table . - CLXXVIII.
— limited for putting in Answers to Appeals - - • CXXIII.
— for delivery and contents of printed cases in Claims of Peerage crxv III.
for entering and signing Protests in the Clerks’ books . CXIV.
for entering Proxies . - - - - - • LXXXV.
Trade, Bills for regulating, &c. Committee to report upon the
expediency of . - - - - -- - - • ‘C XCVIII.
Trial, Mode of, of persons brought to judicature before the Lords x Lv1.1.
of Peers to be in full Parliament . - - - - LII.
-- — in Parliament not to extend to appeals of Murder
or Felony - - - - -- - - - i-II.i.
Trustees for persons concerned in Private Bills, to consent in person, cri, vii.1.
interested in Private Bills, New appointment
of, to be with the approbation of the Court of Chancery • CXLIX.
in private Bills to appear personally - - - CI.
—, Peers have no Privilege of Parliament as . - • LXXIV.
U.
Unanswered Appeals to stand dismissed, unless prosecuted at the
commencement of next session . - - - -- - CVIII.
Page.
50
54
48
93
87
74
90
114
74
54
51
88
102
80
85
112
101
81
85
78
(58
111
56
57
58
89
73
'65
75
138 INDEX TO THE STANDING ORDERS, &c.
Order. Page.
Unkindnesses and mistakes, To prevent . . . . . xvi. 49
V.
Vote, Claim to, for the Representative Peers of Ireland, to be by
Petition, &c. . - - - - - - - - CLX. 96.
Voting, Lords to remain in their places whilst - - - XXI. 50
, Manner of - - - - - - - - XX. 50
W.
Waiver of Privilege, What constitutes a - - - - CXX. 81
Widows of Peers and Minors have no Privilege of Parliament
saving their right of Peerage - - - - - . LXXVI. 65
marrying Commoners lose their Privilege of
Peerage . - - - - - - - - . LXXVI. 66
Wills, Peers have no Privilege of Parliament against the proving of Lxxv. 65
—, works, or lives of Lords, Printing the, without consent, a
Breach of Privilege . - - - - - - . CXIII. 78
Witnesses on Private Bills to be first sworn at the bar of the
House - - • - - - - - - - CIII. 74
Works, lives, or wills of Lords, Printing the, without consent, a
Breach of Privilege . - - - - - - - CXIII. 78
Writs of Error, Certificates of Certiorari awarded upon . - CW. 75
and Appeals, Cases in, An appendix of proofs to
be added to - - - - - - - - . cxcIv. 109
, to contain proofs taken in the
Courts below . - - - - - - - . CLXXXI. 102
—, Days for hearing. (See appeals and
writs of error.) - - - - - - - . c.c., &c. 112, &c.
- , The question to be put for reversing,
only, in giving judgment on - - - - LVI. 59
, Prosecution not to be delayed on . - - LIV. 58
- , Time for laying cases in, on the table . CLXxv.111. 101
of Habeas Corpus, No Lords have privilege against . CXXV. 83
——, Style of . - - - - - - - - XII. 48
Written Protections declared null and void - - - - CXVI. 79
63
or Privilege, Lords not to give to any person Lxv.11.
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT
OF THE
SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL LORDS
or
PAR LIAMENT:
INCLUDING THE REPRESENTATIVE PEERS OF SCOTLAND AND
IRELAND, THE REPRESENTATIVE IRISH PRELATES FOR
SESSION 1831; AND THE PEERESSES OF ENGLAND,
GREAT BRITAIN, AND THE UNITED KINGDOM,
IN THEIR OWN RIGHT;
in WHICH
ARE MINUTELY NOTED, ALL THE CIRCUMSTANCES RELATING
TO THE
BIRTH, TITLES, SUCCESSION, MARRIAGE, HEIRSHIP, AND
RELATIONSHIP OF EACH PEER;
ALSO
THE YEARS of THEIR CREATION, NAMES AND SURNAMES, OFFICIAL
Appoint MENTS, PARLIAMENTARY PATRONAGE, COUNTRY SEATS,
AND TOWN RESIDENCES.
ABBREVIATIONS.
. Country Seat.
Daughter.
. Eldest Daughter.
. Youngest Daughter.
. Heir Apparent.
. Heir Presumptive.
Peerage of Great Britain.
Irish Peerage.
. Married.
. Name and Surname.
Office, or Offices.
. Other Offices.
Other Title, or Titles.
Parliamentary Patronage.
Relationship.
Son.
. . . Eldest Son.
. Youngest Son.
Scottish Peerage.
Succeeded.
. Town Residence.
. Peerage of the United Kingdom.
... Year of Creation.
... Irish Representative Peer or Prelate.
. Scottish Representative Peer.
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT
or THE
SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL LORDS
OF
P A R LIAMENT.
ABER
36. ABERCORN, Marquess of,
in Great Britain, Year of Creation 1790
Name and Surname. John-James Ha-
milton.
*OTHER TITLEs. English Peer-
age. Viscount Hamilton of Ha-
milton, County of Leicester . . 1786
Scottish Peerage. Earl of Aber-
corn - - . . 1606
Baron of Paisley . . . 1585
Abercorn . . . . 1604
Hamilton . . . .
Mountcastle . . … 1606
and Kilpatrick . .
Irish Peerage. Viscount and Baron
Strabane . . . 1701, and 1617
Baron Mountcastle . . . 1701
A Baronet of Ireland.
Born, 21st January , 1811
Succeeded his grandfather, as 2d
Marquess, 27th January . 1818
Heir Presumptive. His Lordship's bro-
ther, the Hon. Claude Hamilton.
Country Seats. Duddingstone House,
Edinburghshire, Baron's Court, Ire-
land; and Bentley Priory, Middlesex.
Relationship. His Lordship's mother is
the Countess of Aberdeen.
A MINor.
329.ABERCROMBIE,(1)Baron,
of Aboukir and Tullibody, County
of Clackmannan . . Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. George Abercrombie.
Bn, 17th of October . . . .
Married, Montague, 3d dr. of the
late, and sister to the present,
Viscount Melville
1770
- - - -7-
ABER
Suc. his mother, Baroness Aber-
crombie (who had been raised to
the Peerage of Great Britain, on
account of the services and la-
mented death of her husband,
Sir Ralph Abercrombie, who
commanded the expedition to
Egypt in 1801, and fell at the
battle of Alexandria), 11th Feb. 1821
His Lordship is an Advocate at the Scot-
tish Bar.
H. Ap. Hon. George-Ralph Aber-
crombie, born May . . . 1800
Co. Se, Tullibody, Clackmannanshire.
Rel. Brother-in-law to the present Vis-
count Melville; father to the Hon.
George-Ralph Abercrombie, M.P. for
Clackmannanshire.

113. ABERGAVENNY, Earlof,
Y. of C. 1784
N. & S. Henry Neville, K.T.
O. T. Viscount Neville . .
Baron Abergavenny . . .
Offices. Recorder of Harwich.
Patent-Inspector of Prosecutions at the
Custom-house.
Bn. 22d Feb. . . . . . . 1755
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, and 16th
Baron, 10th Sept. , 1785
Mar. Mary, dr. of John Robinson,
Esq. of Wyke House, Middle-
sex, 3d Oct. . . . . . . 1781
H. Ap. His third son, John, Vis-
count Neville, a Clergyman of
the Church of England, born
25th Dec. . . . . . . 1789
Town Resid. 34, Berkeley-square,
. 1784
. 1450



ABIN (
AILS
142 )
Co. Se. Castle Abergavenny, Co. Mon-
mouth; Eridge Park, Kent; and Kid-
brook, Sussex.
69. ABINGDON, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1682
N. & S. Montagu Bertie, D.C.L.
O. T. Baron Norreys, of Rycote,
Co. Oxford, by writ, 8th May . 1572
Offi. Lord Lieutenant and Cus-
tos Rotulorum of Berkshire *.
High Steward of Abingdon.
Bn. April . . . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl, 26th
Sept. . . . . . . . . . 1799
Mar. Emily, dr. of General Gage,
27th Aug. . . . . . . .
H. Ap. Montagu, Lord Norreys,
M. P. for Oxfordshire, born 19th
June . . . . . . 1808
To. Res. 5, Great Stanhope-street.
Co. Se. Wytham Abbey, Berkshire.
1784
1807
47.AILESBURY,Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Charles-Bruce-Brudenell Bruce,
K.T.
O. T. Earl of Ailesbury . . . 1776
Earl Bruce . . . . . }lsº
Wiscount Savernake . . .
Baron Bruce of Tottenham, Wilts 1746
Bn. 14th of Feb. . . . . . 1773
Suc. his father, as 2nd Earl of
Ailesbury, 19th April . 1814
Mar. Henrietta-Maria, dr. to the
first Lord Berwick, 10th Apr.
H. Ap. Geo.-William-Frederick,
Earl Bruce, born 20th Nov. . 1804
To. Res.41, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Tottenham Park, near Marlbo-
rough, Wilts; Jerveux Abbey, and
1793
Tanfield Hall, Yorkshire; and East
Sheen, Surrey.
Rel. Brother-in-law to Lord Berwick:
cousin to the Earl of Cardigan.
Parliamentary Patronage. Two Mem-
bers for Marlborough ; two Members
for Great Bedwin.
344, AILSA, (First) Baron of,
in Ayrshire, U.K. . . Y. of C. 1806
N.&S. Archibald Kennedy, K.T., F.R.S.
O. T. S. P. EARL of CAssi L1s . 1509
Baron Kennedy . 1452
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1682
Mar. Margaret, dr. of John Ers-
kine, Esq. of Don, 1st June . 1793
Suc. his father, as 12th Earl,


30th Dec. . . . . . . . 1794
H. Ap. Archibald, Lord Kennedy,
M. P. for Evesham, born . 1794
To. Res. Whitehall Gardens.
Co. Se. Culzean Castle, Ayrshire; Cas-
silis, on the river Don, same Co.; and
St. Margaret's, Isleworth, Middlesex.
Rel. Lord Kennedy married to Miss
Allardyce of Dunotar, Aberdeenshire.
Second son, John, to Augusta Fitz-
clarence, dr. to his Majesty. Dr. Mar-
garet married to Viscount Kinnaird,
eld. son to the Earl of Newburgh.
Alicia-Jane to Jonathan Peel, Esq.
brother to the Rt. Hon. Sir Robert
Peel, Bart., M.P. for Tamworth.

73. ALBEMARLE, Earl of,
in Normandy . . . Y. of C. 1696
N. & S. William-Charles Keppel.
O. T. Viscount Bury, Co. Lan-
Caster . . . . . . . 1696
Baron Ashford, of Ashford, in
Kent . . . . . . .
Qſì, Master of the Horse to his Majestyf.
* Lords Lieutenants of Counties are officers of great distinction; being appointed
by the King to manage the standing militia, and all military matters within their
district. In case of rebellion, they are to form the militia, and to march at their
head, according as the King shall appoint. The office of Custos Rotulorum is fre-
quently joined with that of Lord Lieutenant; as is also Vice-Admiral in counties
on the sea-coast; being united in the same person.—There being a Lord Lieutenant-
General over all Ireland, the office of Lord Lieutenant in the counties of that king-
dom is executed by one or more Governors.
Custos Rotulorum is the officer who has the custody of the Rolls or Records of
the Sessions of the Peace of a county. He is also a Justice of the Peace, and of
the Quorum in the county where he holds his office.
+ The Master of the Horse has the charge of all the King's stables and horses;
also power over equerries and pages, footmen, grooms, farriers, smiths, saddlers,
and all other trades in any way relating to the stables. He has the privilege of apply-
ing to his own use, one coachman, four footmen, and six grooms, in the King's pay,
and wearing the King's livery. In any solemn cavalcade he rides next behind the
King,


ALWA (
ANGL
143 )
Bn. 14th May, and suc, his fa-
ther, as 4th Earl, 13th Oct. . . 1772
Mar. First, Elizabeth, 4th dr. of
Lord de Clifford, 9th April . 1792
Second, Charlotte-Susannah, dr.
of Sir Henry Hunloke, Bart.,
12th Feb. . . . . . . 1822
H. Ap, Augustus Frederick, Viscount
Bury, a naval officer.
Co. Se. Elvedon Hall, Suffolk; and
Quiddenham, Norfolk.
Rel, Sons-in-law, Sir James Macdonald,
Bart. M.P. for Calne; and Thomas
Wenman Coke, Esq. M.P. for Nor-
folk. His Lordship is grandfather to
Wiscountess Barrington, whose Lord is
a Prebendary of Durham, and Rector
of Sedgefield.
328. ALVANLEY, Baron,
Co. Chester . . . . Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. William Arden.
Offi. An officer in the army.
Bn. 20th Feb. . . . . . . 1789
Suc, his father, as 2nd Baron, 19th
March . . . 1804
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Richard Pepper Arden, an officer
of rank.
To. Res. 4, Park Place, St. James’s.
Co. Se, Torporley, Cheshire; and Hamp-
stead, Middlesex.
Rel. His Lordship's mother is sister to
Lord Skelmersdale,
175. AMHERST, (First) Earl,
of Arracan, East Indies, Y. of C. 1826
N. & S. William-Pitt Amherst.
O. T. Viscount Holmesdale, in Kent 1826
Baron Amherst of Montreal,
same County . . . . . 1788
Offi. Late Governor-Gen. of India.
A Privy Councillor.
A Lord of his Majesty's Bed-chamber.
Pn. January . . . . . . . 1773
Suc. his uncle, as 2nd Baron,
Aug. 3. . . . . . . . 1797
Mar. Sarah, Countess Dowager of
Plymouth, 24th July . 1800
H. App. Viscount Holmesdale,
M. P. for East Grinstead.
To. Res. 66, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Montreal, near Seven Oaks, Kent.
Rel. Step-father to the Earl of Plymouth.
43. ANGLESEY,(1)Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. Henry-William Paget, K.G.,
G. C. B., G. C. H., K.M.T., K.S.G.,
K. G. H.
O. T. Earl of Uxbridge, Co. Mid-
dlesex . . . . . . . 1784
Baron Paget, of Beaudesert, Co.
Stafford . . . . . . 1550
A Baronet of Ireland.
Offi. Lord Lieut.-General and General
Governor of Ireland.
Lord Lieutenant, Cust. Rot. and Vice-
Admiral of the County of Anglesey.
Constable of the Castle, and Mayor of
the Borough of Caernarvon; Ranger
of Snowdon Forest, Chamberlain
and Chancellor of North Wales.
Vice-Admiral of North Wales and of
the County of Caernarvon.
A General Officer in the Army.
Colonel of the 7th Regiment of Hus-
Sars.
Bn. 17th May . . . . . . 1768
Mar. First, Caroline-Elizabeth,
dr. of the 4th Earl of Jersey,
25th July . . . . . . .
Second, Charlotte Cadogan, dr.
of the first Earl of Cadogan,
(formerly the Lady of Sir H.
Wellesley, now Baron Cowley) 1810
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl and
10th Baron, 13th March . 1812
H. Ap. Henry, Earl of Ua bridge,
M. P. for the Co. of Anglesey,
born 6th July . . . . . 1797
To. Res. Uxbridge House, 1, Burlington
Gardens.
Co. Se. Beaudesert, Staffordshire; Cowes
Castle, Isle of Wight; Stalbridge
Park, Dorsetshire; Plas Newydd,
Anglesey.
Rel. Besides the Member for Anglesey,
his Lordship is, also, father to Lord
William Paget, a commander in the
R. N. He is, father-in-law to the
Duke of Richmond, to Earl Mount-
charles, M. P. for Donegalshire (son
to the Marquess of Conyngham) to
the Hon. Arthur Chichester, M. P.
for Wexfordshire, and nephew to the
Marquess Donegal, and to G. S.
Byng, Esq. M. P. for Milborne Port.
His Lordship's brothers are, the Right
Hon. Sir Arthur Paget, G.C.B. aPrivy
Councillor, (son-in-law to the Earl
of Westmoreland); Sir Edward Paget,
G.C.B., a General Officer in the Army,
and Member of the Board of General
Officers, Colonel of the 80th Foot,
Governor of the Royal Military Col.
lege at Sandhurst, (brother-in-law to

1795



ANSO (
ARDE
144 )
the Earl of Dartmouth); and Sir
Charles Paget, K. C. B., Rear-Ad-
miral of the White. His Lordship's
brothers-in-law are, the Earl of Gal-
loway, Lieut.-Gen. Sir George Mur-
ray, M. P. for Perthshire, the Earl of
Enniskillen, and the Earl of Cadogan,
Uncle to Lord Graves.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Milborne
Port; one Member for Angleseyshire.
193. ANSON, Wiscount,
of Shugborough and Orgrave, Co.
Stafford . . . . Y. of C. 1806
N. & S. Thomas-William Anson.
O. T. Baron Soberton of S. Hants 1806
Offi. Master of His Majesty’s Buck
Hounds.
Bn. 20th October . . . 1795
Suc. his father, as 2d Viscount,
31st July . . . . . . . 1818
Mar. Louisa-Catherine, dr. of
Nathaniel Phillips, of Sleebeck
Hall, Pembrokeshire, 11th Feb. 1819
H. Ap. Thomas-George, born 8th
August . . . . . - H325
To. Res. 13, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Shugborough Park, near Lich-
field, Staffordshire.
Rel. His Lordship is grandson to Mr.
Coke, M.P. for Norfolk; nephew to
Sir George and Sir William Anson,
Lieutenants-General in the Army, the
former of whom is M.P. for Lichfield;
brother to the Hon. George Anson,
M.P. for Yarmouth ; and bro.-in-law
to the Earl of Roseberry.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Lichfield.
179. ARBUTHNOT.Viscount,
S. P. . . . . . . Y. of C. 1641
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected Sept. 2d, . . . . . 1830
N. & S. John Arbuthnot.
O. T. S. P. Baron Inverbervie.
Offi. Lord Rector of the University and
King's College of Aberdeen.
Lord Lieutenant of Kincardineshire.
Bn. 16th Jan. . . . . . 1778
Suc. his father, as 8th Wiscount, 27th
Feb. . . . . . . . . . 1800
Mar. Margaret, dr. of Walter Ogil-
vie, Esq. of Clova, 25th June . 1805
H. Ap. John, born 4th June . . 1806
Co. Res. Edinburgh, and Arbuthnot
House, Kincardineshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Hugh Arbuthnot, C.B. a Lieut.-Col.
in the Army, and M.P. for Kincardine-
shire.
334. ARDEN, (First) Baron,
of A., Co. Warwick . Y. of C. 1802
N. & S. Charles-George Perceval,
F.R.S. and F.S.A.
O. T. I. P. Baron Arden, of Lohort
Castle, Co. Cork . . . . 1770
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of the
County of Surrey.
Registrar of Court of Appeals for
Prizes, of the Court of Admiralty,
and of the Court of Delegates.
A Trustee of the Hunterian Museum.
A Lord of his Majesty's Bed-Chamber.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn. 1st October . . . . . . 1756
Suc. his mother, in the Irish Barony,
June . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Margaret-Elizabeth, eld. dr.
of Sir T. Spencer Wilson, Bart.
of Charlton, Kent, Feb. . . . 1787
H. Ap. George-James, a Captain,
R.N., born 14th March . . 1794
To. Res. 26, St. James's-place.
Co. Se. Nork House, Surrey; Lohort
Castle, Co. Cork.
Rel. Brother to the late Rt. Hon. Spencer
Perceval, Chancellor of the Exchequer,
who was assassinated by Bellingham
in the lobby of the House of Commons;
brother-in-law to Lord Redesdale; and
uncle to Spencer Perceval, Esq., M.P.
for Newport, in the Isle of Wight.
1784
339. ARDROSSAN, Baron,
Co. of Ayr, U. K. . . Y. of C. 1806
N.&S. Archibald-William Montgomerie.
O. T. S. P. EARL or EG LIN-
Tou N,
1507. New patent . . 1611
Baron Montgomerie . . . . 1448
Bn. 29th Sept. . . . . . . 1812
Suc. his grandfather, as 15th Earl,
and 2d Baron of Ardrossan, 14th
Dec. . . . . . . . . 1819
H. Pre. His Lordship’s cousin, W. Mont-
gomerie, Esq. of Annick Lodge.
Co. Se. Eglintoun Castle; Skelmorlie
Castle; and Coilsfield House, Co. of
Ayr : Polnoon Lodge, Renfrewshire.
His Lordship is a MINort.

244. ARUNDEL, Baron,
of Wardour Castle, Wilts, Y. of C. 1605
N. & S. Everard Arundel, F.R.S. and
F.S.A
o. 7. Count of the Holy Roman
ASHB (
AYLE
145 )

Empire; which honour was con-
ferredon hisancestor, Sir Thomas
Arundel, by the Emperor Ro-
dolph II. at Prague, for having
captured the Turkish standard at
Gran with his own hand . .
Suc. his father, as 10th Baron, 14th
July . . . . . . . . . 1817
Mar. Mary, dr. of George, 1st Mar-
quess of Buckingham, 26th Feb. 1811
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Henry Benedict Arundel.
Co. Se. Wardour Castle, Wilts; and Irn-
ham Hall, Lincolnshire.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin and nephew
to the Baroness Clifford; brother-in-
law to the Duke of Buckingham and
Chandos; uncle to the Marquess of
Chandos, M.P. for Buckinghamshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic, and was
in consequence, until the passing of
the Catholic Relief Bill of 1829, ex-
cluded from his seat in the House of
Lords.
94, ASHBURNHAM, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1730
N. & S. Bertram Ashburnham.
O. T. Viscount St. Asaph
Baron Ashburnham .
Bn. Nov. 23. . . . .
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl
To. Res. 30, Dover street.
Co. Se. Ashburnham Place, Sussex.
Rel, Nephew to the Duke of Montrose,
and to the Earl of Beverley.
298. AUCKLAND, Baron,
of West A. Co. Durham Y. of C. 1793
N. & S. George Eden.
O. T. I. P. Baron Auckland .
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Master of the Mint.
President of the Board of Trade.
Auditor and one of the Directors of
Greenwich Hospital.
Bn. 25th Aug. . . . . . . 1784
Suc, his father, as 2d Baron, 28th
May . . . . . . . . . 1814
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. and Rev. Robert Eden.
To. Rcs. 30, Lower Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Eden Farm, near Bromley, Kent.
Rel. Brother to the Countess Dowager
of Buckinghamshire : bro.-in-law to
Baron Bexley, and to Lord F. G. Os-
borne, M.P. for Cambridgeshire.
233. AUDLEY, Baron,
of Heleigh Cast. Staffords. Y. of C. 1296
1595
. 1730
. 1680
- 1797
. 1830
. 1789
By writ of summons, 20th Oct. . 1403
N. & S. Geo.-John-Thicknesse Touchet.
Bn. Jan. . . . . . . . . 1783
Mar. Anne-Jane, eld, dr. of Ad-
miral Donelly, April . . .
Suc. his father, as 22d Baron, 21st
Aug. . . . . . . . . 1818
H. Ap. George-Edward, born 26th
June . . . . . . . . .
Co, Se, Sandridge Park, Wiltshire.
1816

1817
86. AYLESFORD, Earl of,
Y. of C.
N. & S. Heneage Fynch, F.S.A.
O. T. Baron of Guernsey . . .
Offi. A Trustee of Rugby School.
Bn. 24th April . . . . . . 1786
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl, 21st
Oct. . . . . . . . . . 1812
Mar. Augusta-Sophia, sister to the
present Earl Brooke and War-
wick, 23d April . . . . .
H. Ap. Heneage, Lord Guernsey,
born 24th Dec. . . . . 1824
To, Res. 7, Audley-square.
Co. Se. Aylesford in Kent; Aldbury,
Surrey; and Packington Hall, War-
wickshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Warwick:
nephew to the Marquess of Bath, to
Baron Carteret, and to Lord John
Thynne, M.P. for Bath; cousin to
Viscount Weymouth; to Lords Wil-
liam and H. F. Thynne, both mem-
bers for Weobly.
1714
1702
1821
279. BAGOT, Baron,
of B. Bromley,Co. Stafford Y. of C. 1780
N. & S. William Bagot, F.A.S. and
F.L.S.
O. T. A. Baronet - . 1627
Bn, 11th Sept. . . . . . . 1773
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 22d
Oct. . . . . . . . . . 1798
Mar. First, Emily, dr. to Charles,
1st Lord Southampton, 29th
May . . . . . . . . . . . 1799
Second, Louisa, eld.dr.of George,
3d Earl of Dartmouth, 17th
Feb. . . . . . . . . 1807
H. Ap. William, born 7th March 1811
Co. Se. Blithfield House, Staffordshire;
and Pool Park, Denbighshire.
Rel. Brother to the Rt. Hon. Sir Charles
Bagot, G.C.B., late Ambassador Ex-
traordinary and Minister Plenipoten-
tiary at the Court of the Netherlands;
also to the Rt. Rev. Richard Bagot,
U
BAND (
BATH
146 )
Bishop of Oxford, who is married to
a sister of the present Earl of Jersey:
bro.-in-law to the Hon. Sir Edward
Paget, G.C.B., and a Lieut.-General;
also to the present Earl of Dartmouth.
138. BANDON, Earl of,
I. P. . . . . . . Y. of C. 1080
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life; elected in . . .
N. & S. James Bernard.
Bn. 14th June . . . . . . 1785
Mar, daughter of the Rt. Hon.
Charles Broderick, late Arch-
bishop of Cashel . . . . .
H. Ap. Viscount Bernard, M.P. for
Bandon bridge.
Co. Se. Castle Bernard, near Bandon,
Co. Cork; and Basingbourne Hall,
Essex.
Rel. Nephew to the Dowager Viscountess
Doneraile; brother to the Rev. Richard
Bernard, D.D. Dean of Leighin; and
brother-in-law to Viscount Doneraile.
2d, Cous, to the Earl of Shannon (Baron
Carleton in the English Peerage).
Parl. Pat. The Member for Bandon
bridge.
1800
208. BANGOR, Lord Bishop of,
Translated from Exeter in . . 1830
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Christopher Bethell,
D.D.
O. Offi. Archdeacon of Anglesey and
Bangor. -
Consecrated Bishop of Gloucester. 1824
Trans. to Exeter . . . . 1830
Co. Res. Bangor Palace, Caernarvonshire.
N.B. The Bishop of Bangor is Diocesan
over Caernarvonshire, and parts of
Anglesey, Merionethshire. Denbigh-
shire, and Montgomeryshire; all in the
Province of Canterbury.
336. BARHAM, Baron,
of B. Court and Teston, Kent
Y. of C. 1805
N. & S. Charles-Noel Noel.
Bn. 2d Oct. . . . . . . . 1781
Suc. his mother, as 2d Baron, 12th
April . . . 1823
Mar. First, Elizabeth, dr. of T.
Welman, Esq. of Poundisford
Park, Somersetshire, 1st July
Second, Elizabeth, dr. of the late
Hon. Sir Charles Grey (niece
to Earl Grey), May . 1817
Third, Arabella, 2d dr. of Sir
James Hamlyn Williams, Bt.
1809
of Clovelly, 29th June (who
died 4th Oct. 1829) . . 1820
H. Ap. Hon. C. G. Noel.
Co. Se. Barham Court and Teston, both
in Kent.
Rel. His Lordship is the eldest son of Sir
Gerrard-Noel Noel, of Exton Park,
Co. of Rutland, and M.P. for the same
county.

35. BATH,Marquess of, Y. of C. 1789
N. & S. Thomas Thynne, K.G., D.C.L.
F.S.A., and F.L.S.
O. T. Viscount Weymouth, Co.
Dorset . . .
Baron Thynne, of warminster, 1682
Wilts . . . . - -
A Baronet . . . . 1641
Offi. Lord-Lieutenant and Custos Rotu-
lorum of Somersetshire.
Bn. 25th Jan. . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his father, as 2d Marquess,
19th Nov. . . . . . . .
Mar. Isabella, dr. of George, 4th
Viscount Torrington, 24th April 1794
H. Ap. Thomas, Viscount Wey-
mouth, born 9th April . . . 1796
Co. Se. Longleate, Wilts.
Rel. Brother to George, Baron Carteret,
and to Lord John Thynne, F.S.A.
and M.P. for Bath; uncle to the Earls
of Aylesford and Chesterfield; father
to Lord W. Thynne and Lord Henry-
Frederick Thynne, both M.P. for
Weobly; and father-in-law to Earl
Cawdor; to the Hon. Henry Lascelles
(2d son to the Earl of Harewood),
M.P. for Northallerton; and to the
Duke of Buccleugh and Queensberry.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Weobly.
213. BATH & WELLS, Lord
Bishop of,
Translated from Chester . . . 1824
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Henry-George Law,
D.D., F.A.S.
O. Offi. Visitor of Wadham College,
Oxford.
Cons. Bishop of Chester . 1812
Mar. Jane, eld. dr. of Gen. Adeane.
To. Res. 4, Langham-place.
Co. Res. Palace, Wells, Co. Somerset.
Rel. Son to the Rt. Rev. Edmund Law,
Bishop of Carlisle in 1787. Brother
to Edward, first Baron Ellenborough,
late Lord Chief Justice of the King's
Bench; and to the Rt. Rev. John,
Bishop of Elphin in 1795. Uncle to
the present Lord Ellenborough.
BATH (
BEAU
147 )

N.B. The Bishoprick of Bath and Wells
includes all Somersetshire, the same
being in the Province of Canterbury.
110. BATHURST, Earl,
of B., Sussex . . . Y., of C. 1772
N. & S. Henry Bathurst, K.G., D.C.L.,
and F.S.A.
O. T. Baron Bathurst, of Battles-
den, Beds. . . . . . . 1711
Baron Apsley, of Apsley, Sussex 1771
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Teller of the Exchequer.
Joint Clerk of the Crown.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity House.
Late Lord President of the King's
Council.
Bn. 22nd May . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, 6th
Aug. . . . . . . . .
Mar. Georgiana, sister of Charles,
the 4th Duke of Richmond, 1st
April . . . . 1789
H.Ap. Henry-George, Lord Apsley,
D.C.L. and M.P. for Cirencester,
born 24th Feb. . . . . . 1790
Co. Se. Oakley Park, Cirencester, Glou-
cestershire; and Langworth Lodge,
Notts.
Jºel. Father to the Member for Ciren-
cester: father-in-law to the Hon.
Major-Gen. F. C. Ponsonby, Lieut.-
Gov. of Malta (second son of the Earl
of Besborough, and nephew of Earl
Spencer): 2d cous, to the Bishop of
Norwich.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Cirencester.
1762
1794
314. BAYNING, Baron,
of Foxley, Berks . . Y. of C. 1797
N. & S. The Rev. Henry-William Pow-
lett, A.M.
Offi. Rector of Eye, in Suffolk.
Bn. 8th June . . . . . . 1797
Suc. his brother, as 3d Baron,
2nd Aug. . . . . . . . 1823
Co. Se. Brome Rectory, Eye, Suffolk;
and Honningham Hall, Norfolk.
167. BEAUCHAMP, Earl
Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. John-Reginald Pindar.
O. T. Viscount Elmley . . . 1815
Baron Beauchamp, of Powyke,
Worcestershire . . . . .
Mar. Charlotte, dr. of John, first
Earl of Clonmell, 14th March . 1814
Suc. his brother, as 3d Earl, 13th
May . . . . . . . . .
806
1823
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Henry-B, Lygon, Lieut.-Col. and M.P.
for the County of Worcester; who was
married in 1824 to Caroline, dr. of
William, 2d Earl of St. Germains.
To. Res. 37, Portman-square.
Co, Se. Madresfield Court, Worcestershire.
Rel. This nobleman, who changed his
surname from Lygon to Pindar, is
son-in-law to the Earl of Clonmell;
brother to the Member for Worcester-
shire, and to Lieut.-Col. Edw.-Pindar
Lygon, C.B. and K.S.W.; brother-
in-law to Sir Charles Kent, Bart., and
to the Earl of Longford.
13. BEAUFORT, Duke of
Y. of C. 1682
N. & S. Henry-Charles Somerset, K.G.,
D.C.I
•ll-
O. T. Marquess and Earl of Wor-
cester . . . . 1513 and 1642
Earl of Glamorgan . . . . 1650
Viscount Grosmont.
Baron Herbert, of Chepstow
and Rugland . . . . . X 1506
Baron Gower . . . . . .
Baron Beaufort, ofCaldecotCastle.
Baron De Bottetourt, (confirmed
1803) . . . . . . . 1307
I. P. Viscountsomerset of Cashel,
Tipperary . . - . 1626
Offi. Lord-Lieutenant and Custos Rotu-
lorum of the Counties of Gloucester,
Monmouth, and Brecon.
Receiver of Rents for Monmouthshire.
Constable of St. Briaval's Castle.
Warden of the Forest of Dean, and
Colonel of the Monmouth Militia.
Bn. 22nd Dec. . . . . . . 1766
Suc. his father, as 6th Duke, 11th
Oct. . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Charlotte-Leveson, dr. of
Granville, first Marquess of Staf-
ford, 16th May . . . . .
H. Ap. Henry, Marquess of Wor-
cester, M.P. for Monmouth, bn.
5th Feb. . 1792
To. Res. 5, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se, Troy House, Monmouthshire;
Heythorpe House, Oxon; Badminton
House; Stoke Gifford; and Worcester
Lodge, Gloucestershire.
Rel, Besides the Member for Monmouth,
his Grace is father, also, to Lord Gran-
ville-Charles-Henry Somerset, M.P. for
Monmouthshire: father-in-law to the
Hon. Frederick G. Calthorpe (br. and
successor to Lord Calthorpe), M.P.
1803
1791
- - - - - -
BEDF (
BELH
148 )

for Bramber; to Lord Edward O'Bryen
- (2d br. to the Marquess of Thomond);
and to the Hon. Granville Dudley
Ryder (2d son to the Earl of Harrowby),
M. P. for Tiverton :- brother to the
late Lord Charles-Henry Somerset,
Gov.-General of the Cape of Good
Hope; to Lord Robert-Edward-Henry,
Lieut.-Gen. K.C.B., K.T.S., and
K.S.W., M.P. for Gloucestershire,
and late Lieut.-General of Ordnance;
to Lord John-Thomas-Henry Somer-
set, a field-officer in the army; and to
Lord Fitzroy-James-Henry Somerset,
Major-General, K.C.B. Three of his
Lordship's brothers are connected by
marriage with the families of Wiscount
Courtenay, Earl of Mountnorris, and
Lord Maryborough.
Parl. Pat. The Member for Monmouth.
16. BEDFORD, Duke of
Y. of C. 1694
N. & S. John Russel, F.S.A. F.L.S.
O. T. Marquess of Tavistock . . 1694
Earl of Bedford . . . . . 1549
Baron Russel, of Cheneys, Bucks 1538
Baron Russel, of Thornhaugh , 1603
Baron Rowland, of Streatham,
Surrey . . . . . . . 1695
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Recorder of Bedford.
Bn. 6th July . . . . . .
Suc. his brother Francis, as 6th
Duke, 2d March . . . . .
Mar. First, Georgiana-Elizabeth,
dr. of George, 4th Viscount
Torrington, 21st March . . 1786
Second, Georgiana, sister to the
present Duke of Gordon, 23rd
June . . . . . . . .
H. Ap. Francis, Marquess of Ta-
wistock, M.P. for the County of
Bedford, born 13th May . . 1788
To. Res. 6, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Woburn Abbey, Bedfordshire;
Thorney, in the Isle of Ely; Cheneys,
Buckinghamshire; Bedford House,
Exeter; and Tavistock House, Devon.
Rel. Besides the Member for Bedford-
shire, (who is married to a sister of the
present Earl of Harrington) his Grace
is father likewise to Lord John Russel,
M.P. for Tavistock: and brother to
Lord William Russel, M.P. for the
same borough. The Duchess is
youngest sister to the Duke of Gordon,
to the Duchess-Dowager of Richmond,
and to the Marchioness Cornwallis;
1766
1802
1803
sister-in-law to the Duke of Man-
chester; aunt to the Duke of Rich-
mond; to George, Viscount Mande-
ville, M.P. for Huntingdonshire; to
Baroness Braybrooke; and to Lady
Eliot, wife of the Rt. Hon. Granville,
Lord Eliot, (eldest son to the Earl of
St. Germains, ) M.P. for Liskeard and
late, a Lord of the Treasury.
Parā, Pat. Two Members for Tavistock.
258. BELHAVEN & STENTON,
Baron,
in Haddingtonshire
Y. of C. (Original Patent.) 1647
Renewed . . . . . . . . 1675
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected Sept. 2nd . . . 1830
N. & S. Robert-Montgomery Hamilton.
Bn. . . . . . . . . . . 1793
Suc. his father, as 8th Baron, 25th
Oct. . . . . . . . . . 1814
Mar. Hamilton, dr. of Walter
Campbell, Esq. of Shawfield . 1816
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
William Hamilton.
Co. Se. Beil's Castle, Haddingtonshire;
Wishaw, Lanarkshire.
136. BELMORE, Earlof, I.P.
Y. of C. 1797
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life; elected in . . . . 1819
N. & S. Somerset-Lowry Corry.
O. T. L. P. Viscount Corry, and
Baron Belmore, of Castle Coole,
Co. Fermanagh . . 1781 and 1789
Offi. Governor-General and Vice-Ad-
miral of Jamaica.
A Governor and Cust. Rot. of County
Tyrone.
A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture
of Ireland.
Bn. 11th July . . . . . . 1774
Suc, his father, as 2d Earl, 2d Feb. 1802
Mar, his Cousin, Juliana, 2d dr.
of Henry-Thomas, Earl of Car-
rick, 20th Oct. . . . . .
H. Ap. Armar-Lowry, Viscount
Corry, M.P. for Co. Fermanagh,
born 23rd Dec. . . . . 1801
Co. Se. Castle Inniskillen ; and Castle
Coole, Fermanagh, Ireland.
Rel. Besides the Member for Ferma-
nagh, the Earl of Belmore is father,
likewise, to the Hon. Henry-Thomas-
Lowry Corry, M.P. for the County Ty-
rone, (who is son-in-law to the Earl of
Shaftesbury) brother-in-law and cousin
to the present Earl of Carrick.


1800

BERE (
BERW
149 )
201. BERESFORD, (1st) Viscount
Y. of C. 1823
N.&S.William-Carr Beresford, D.C.L.;
G.C.B., K.T.S., K.F.M., K.F., and
K. G. H.
O. T. Baron Beresford, of Albuera
and Dungarvon,Co. Waterford 1814
Duke of Elvas .
Marquess of Campo in
Major . Portugal.
Count of Francoso .
Offi. Late Master-General of the Ord-
ºld 77 ce.
A Privy Councillor.
Governor of Jersey.
A General in the Army.
Col. of the 88th Regt. of Foot; and
A Field-Marshal in Portugal.
Bn. . . . . . . . . .
To. Res. 16, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Dungarvon in Ireland; and
Beresford-hall, Staffordshire.
Rel. Uncle to the present Marquess of
Waterford, and to the Viscountess In-
gestrie (dr.-in-law to Earl Talbot, and
whose Lord is M.P. for Hertford):
brother to Rear-Admiral Sir John-Poe
Beresford, Bart. of Bagnail, Co. Wa-
terford, M.P. for Northallerton: half-
brother to the Rt. Hon. and most Rev.
Lord John-George, Archbishop of Ar-
magh, and Lord Primate of all Ireland;
to Lord George-Thomas Beresford, (a
Privy Councillor for Ireland, Comp-
troller of the Household, Governor and
Cust. Rot. of, and M.P. for, the Co. of
Waterford, and Col. of the Waterford
Militia); to the lady of Sir John Wil-
liam-Head Brydges, of WoottonCourt,
Kent, M.P. for Coleraine; and to the
widow of Major-Gen. Sir Dennis Pack,
K.C.B.: nephew to the late Rt. Hon. and
most Rev. Wm., Lord Archbishop of
Tuam, created Baron Decies: cousin to
the present Baron Decies; to the Hon.
and Rt. Rev. George, Bishop of Kil-
more; to the Hon. John-Claudius Be-
resford, Privy Councillor for Ireland,
(formerly M.P. for, now an alderman of,
Dublin); and to Marcus Beresford,
Esq. M.P. for Berwick-upon-Tweed;
and to the lady of the Rt. Hon. Sir
George Fitzgerald Hill, Bart. Military
Vice-Treasurer of Ireland, Col. of the
Londonderry Militia.
. 1770
68. BERKELEY, Earl of
Y. of C, 1679
N. & S. Thomas-Moreton-Fitzhardinge
Berkeley.
O. T. Viscount Durzley . . . 1679
Baron Berkeley, of Berkeley
Castle, Co. Gloucester . . 1295
Baron Mowbray, Segrave, and
Breaus . . . . . 1679
Biz. 19th Oct. . . . . . . 1796
Suc. his father, as 6th Earl, 8th
Aug. . . . . . . . . 1810
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother,
the Hon. George-Charles-Grant-
ley-Fitzhardinge Berkeley, born
10th Feb. . . . . . . . 1800
To. Rcs. Berkeley House, 6, Spring-
gardens.
Co. Se. Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire;
and Cranford Lodge, Middlesex.
Rel. Cousin to Colonel George-Henry-
Frederick Berkeley, K.C.B., K.T.S.,
and K.S.W.; 2d cousin to the pre-
sent Earl Craven.
His Lordship has never taken his seat in
the House of Peers; his forbearance in
that respect arising from deference to-
wards his illegitimate brother, Col.
Berkeley.

284. BERWICK, Baron,
of Attingham, Shropshire Y, of C. 1784
N. & S. Thomas-Noel Hill, D.C.L. and
F.S.A.
Bn. 21st Oct. - - - - . 1770
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, in
Jan. . . . . . . . . . 1789
Mar. Miss Sophia Dubouchet,
8th Feb. . . - 1812
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
William-Noel Hill, Ambassador to the
Sardinian Court. -
Co. Se. Attingham Hall, near Shrews-
bury, Shropshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Marquess of Ailesbury.
121. BEVERLEY, Earl of
Y. of C. 1790
N. & S. George Percy.
O. T. Lord Lovaine, Baron of Aln-
wick . . . . . . . . . 1784
Offi. A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Bn. 22d June . . . . . 1778
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, in
Dec. . . . . . . . . . 1830
Mar, the sister of the present Lord
Wharncliffe, in . . . . . 1801
To. Res. 8, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Lovaine, Yorkshire; and Ben-
nington, Herts.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Rt.
Rev. and Hon. Hugh Percy, Bishop
of Carlisle; uncle to the Earl of Ash-
BEXL (
150 ) BOYL
burnham: cousin to the present Duke
of Northumberland, to Baron Prud-
hoe, and to the Baroness Glenlyon :
nephew to Lord Willoughby d'Eresby.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Beeralston.

371. BEXLEY, (1st) Baron,
of Bexley, Co. Kent . . Y. of C. 1823
N. & S. Nicholas Vansittart, D.C.L.,
F.R.S., F.S.A.
Offi. A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
Bn. 29th April . . . . . . 1766
Mar. Catherine-Isabella, dr. of 1st
Lord Auckland . . . 1806
To. Res. 31, Great George-street, West-
minster.
Co. Se. Foot's-Cray Place, Kent.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the present Lord
Auckland.
181. BOLINGBROKE & S.T.
JOHN, Wiscount,
of B., Lincolnshire
N. & S. Henry St. John.
O. T. Viscount St. John . . .
Baron St. John, of Lydiard Tre-
goze . . . . . . . .
Baron St. John, of Battersea,
Y. of C. 1712
1716
1712
Surrey . . . . . . . 1716
A Baronet . . 1611
Bn. March . . . . . . 1786
Suc. his father, as 4th Viscount Bo-
lingbroke, and 5th Viscount St.
John, 18th Dec. . . . 1824
Mar. Maria, 2d dr. of Sir H. P.
St.John Mildmay, Bart.,3d.June 1812
H. Ap. The Hon. Henry St. John,
born in . . . . . . . . 1820
Co. Se. Lydiard Tregoze, Wiltshire.
315. BOLTON, Baron,
of B. Castle, Yorkshire Y. of C. 1797
N. & S. William-Orde Powlett.
Bn. 31st Oct. . . . . . . 1782
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 30th
July . . . . . . . . . 1807
Mar. Maria, eld. dr. of Guy, first
Lord Dorchester, 12th May . 1810
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother,
the Hon. Thomas-Orde Powlett,
born in . . . . . . . 1787
Co. Se.. Hackwood Park, Hampshire;
and Bolton Hall, Yorkshire.
Rel. Lady Bolton is cousin to the present
Lord Dorchester.
269. BOSTON, Baron, of B.
Lincolnshire . . . . . . . 1761
N. & S. George Irby, D.C.L.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . 1704
Bn. 24th Dec. . . . . . . 1777
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, 23d
March . . . . . . . .
Mar. Rachel-Ives, eld, dr. of Wil-
liam Drake, Esq. of Amersham,
Bucks, 17th Oct. . . . . .
H. Ap. Hon. George-Ives Irby,
born 14th Sept. . . 1802
1825
1801
| To. Res. 17, Park Crescent, Portland.
place.
Co. Se. Llanidon, Anglesea, NorthWales;
Heidsor Lodge, near Maidenhead,
Bucks.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to Henry-
John, present Lord Selsey; and fa.-
in-law to Viscount Kirkwall, son and
heir to the Countess of Orkney.
259. BOYLE, Baron,
of Marston, Co. Somerset Y. of C. 1711
N. & S. Edmund Boyle.
O. T. I. P. EARL of CoRK . 1620
EARL of ORRERY . . . . 1660
Viscount Dungarvon . 1620
Baron Boyle of Youghal . . 1616
Baron of Broghill . 1628
Offi. A General Officer in the Army.
Bn., 21st Oct. . . . . . . 1767
Suc. his father, as 8th Earl, Oct. 1798
Mar. Isabella-Henrietta, 3d dr. of
W. Poyntz, Esq. of Midgham
House, Berkshire, 9th Oct. . . 1795
H. Ap. Charles, Viscount Dungar-
von, mar. to Catherine, yst. dr.
of the 2d Earl of Howth, born
Dec. . . . . . . . . . 1800
Co. Se. Marston Hall, near Frome, Co.
Somerset.
Rel. Brother to the Hon. Courtenay
Boyle, a Capt. in the Royal Navy,
jather to the Hon. John Boyle, M.P.
for Cork,
166. BRADFORD, Earl of,
of B., Shropshire . Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. Geo.-Augustus-Frederick-Henry
Bridgeman, D.C.L.
O. T. Viscount Newport, in Shrop-
shire.
Baron Bradford, of B. same Co.
A Baronet.
Bn. 23d Oct. . . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 7th Sept.
Mar. Georgiana-Elizabeth, eld, dr.
of the late Sir T. Moncrief, Bart.
of Moncrief, Perthsh., 5th March
H. Ap. Orlando-George-Charles,
Viscount Newport, born 24th
April . . . . . . . . 1819
1789
1825
1818
BRAN (
BRAY
151 )
Co. Se.. Weston Park, Co. Stafford; and
Castle Bromwich, in Warwickshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Charles-Orlando Bridgeman, Captain,
R.N., and to the Hon. Orlando-Henry
Bridgeman, Captain in the Army, mar.
to Frances, dr. of the Earl of Kilmorey,
2d cous, to the present Viscount Tor-
rington.
20. BRANDON, Duke of,
of B., in Suffolk Y. of C. 1711
N. & S. Alexander-Hamilton Douglas,
F.R.S., and F.S.A.
O. T. E. P. Baron of Dutton, Co.
Chester . . . . . . . 1711
S. P. DUKE of HAMILTON,
Lanarkshire . . . . . 1643
. 1599
. 1633
Marquess of Hamilton . .
Marquess of Clydesdale .
Marquess of Douglas - -
And Earl of Angus (by suc-
cession from Archibald, last 1761
Duke of Douglas) . . .
Earl of Lanark . . . . . 1639
Earl of Arran . . . . . .
Lord Macanshire and Polmont
Lord Hamilton of Abernethy and
Aberbrothwick . . . . .
Baron of Kineil and Cadyow
(now Hamilton) . . . .
French Peerage. Duc DE CHA-
TELHERAULT, in Poitou,
with which dignity James, 2d
Earl of Arran, was invested by
Henry II, King of France, in 1549
His Grace, as Duke of Hamilton, is
Premier Peer of Scotland.
Offi. Hereditary Keeper of Holyrood
House, since 1646.
Lord Lieutenant of Lanarkshire, and
Col. of the Militia of that Co.
Bn. 3d Oct. . . . . . . . 1767
Suc, his father, as 6th Duke of
Brandon and Baron Dutton, and
as 10th Duke of Hamilton, 16th
Feb. . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Susan-Euphemia, eld. dr. of
William Beckford, Esq. of Font-
hill Abbey, Wilts, 26th April .
H. Ap. William-Alexander-An-
thony-Archibald, Marquess of
Douglas and Clydesdale, born
19th Feb. . . . . . . . 1811
To. Res. Pulteney Hotel, Albemarle-
Street.
Co. Sc. Hamilton Palace, Lanarkshire;
Kineil House, Co. Linlithgow; Brodick
1503
1639
1445
1294
1819
1810
Castle, Buteshire; and Ashton Hall,
Lincolnsh.
Rel. Brother to the late Lord Archibald
Hamilton, M.P. for Lanarkshire, and
to Lady Anne Hamilton, who remained
for so many years the attached friend
and companion of the late Queen Caro-
line: bro.-in-law to the Duke of Somer-
set, and to the Earl of Dunmore:
cousin to the Earl of Galloway: and
son-in-law to Mr. Beckford of Font-
hill.
His Grace sat in the Peers as Baron
Dutton, during the Dukedom of his
father; that is, from 1799 to 1819.
292. BRAYBROOKE, Baron,
of B., Northamptonshire, Y. of C. 1788
N. & S. Richard-Aldworth-Neville Grif-
fin, L.L.D., F.S.A.
Offi. Hereditary Visitor of Magdalen Col-
lege, Cambridge.
Recorder of Saffron-Walden, Essex.
High Steward of Wokingham, Berks.
Bn. 26th Sept. . . . . . . 1783
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, 1st
March . . . . . . . . 1825
Mar. Jane, eld, dr. of Charles, 2d
Marquess Cornwallis, 13th May 1819
H. Ap. Richard Cornwallis, born
17th March . . . . . 1820
To. Res. 10, New Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Audley End, Essex; and Bil-
lingbere, Oakingham, Berks.
Rel. The Baroness Braybrooke is cousin
to the present Earl Cornwallis. The
Baron is cousin to the Duke of Buck-
ingham and Chandos; to Lord Nugent,
M.P. for Aylesbury; and to the Ba-
roness Arundel of Wardour: brother
to the Rev. George-Neville-Griffin
Grenville, Rector of Hawarden, Flint-
shire, and Master of Magdalen College,
Cambridge, (married to Charlotte, sister
to the present Earl of Dartmouth): bro.-
in-law to Paul Beilby Thompson, Esq.
M.P. for Wenlock.


345. BREADALBANE,(1st) Baron,
of Taymouth Castle, Perthshire,
U.K. . . . . . Y. of C.
N. & S. John Campbell, F.R.S.
O. T. S. P. EARI, of BREAD-
ALBANE AND Holland . 1681
Wiscount Campbell of Tay and
Pentland.
Viscount Glenorchy and Tay-
mouth . . . . . . 1617
1806

BRIS (
BROD
152 )
Baron Benedraloch, Ormelie, and
Weik . . . . 1480
Baronet of Nova Scotia . . . 1625
Offi. A Lieutenant-General in the Army.
Vice-President of the Caledonian Asy-
lum.
Counsellor of State to the King, in
Scotland.
Bn, in . . 1762
Suc. his cousin John, as 4th Earl,
26th Jan. . . . . . . .
Mar. Mary-Turner, dr. and heiress
to David Gavin, Esq. of Langton,
2d Sept. . . . . . . .
H. Ap. John, Viscount Glenorchy,
born 16th Oct. - - -
To. Res. 21. Park-lane.
Co. Se. Taymouth Castle, Perthshire; and
Kilchurn Castle, Argyleshire.
Rel. His Lordship is father-in-law to
the Marquess of Chandos, M.P. for
Bucks, only son of the present Duke
of Buckingham and Chandos.
223. BRISTOL, Lord Bishop of,
Cons. 1827
N. & S. The Rt.Rev. Robert Gray, D.D.
Offi. A Prebendary of Durham.
To. Res. 36, Great George-street, West-
minster.
Co. Se. Palace. Bristol.
N.B. The Diocess of this Prelate is in
the Province of Canterbury, and in-
cludes Dorsetshire, and part of Glou–
cestershire, with the City of Bristol.
48. BRISTOL, (1st) Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1826
N. & S. Frederick-Wm. Hervey, F.R.S.
and F.A.S.
1796
O. T. Earl of Bristol . . . . 1714
Earl Jermyn of Horninghurst,
Suffolk . - 1826
Baron Hervey of Ickworth, Suf-
folk . . . . . . . . 1703
Offi. Hereditary Steward of Bury St.
Edmund's.
Bn. 2d June . . . . . . . 1769
Suc. his father (who was Lord
Bishop of Derry), as 5th Earl,
8th July . . . . . . .
Mar. Elizabeth-Albana, dr. of
Clotworthy, 1st Lord Temple-
town, 20th Feb. . . . . . 1798
H. Ap. Frederick-William, Earl of
Jermyn, M.P. for Bury St.
Edmund's, born 15th July . . 1800
To. Res. 6, St. James's-square.
Co. Se, Ickworth Park, near Bury St.
Edmund's, Suffolk;
Heath, Surrey,
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Mem-
ber for Bury St. Edmund's: bro-in-
law to the Earl of Erne: uncle to the
deceased lady of Baron Seaford: grand-
uncle to Lord Howard de Walden, and
to his brother, the Hon. Major Ellis,
M.P. for Seaford.
Parl. Pat. One member for Bury St.
Edmund's.
and Putney
308, BRODRICK, (1st) Baron,
of Pepper-Harrow, Surrey, Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. George Brodrick.
O. T. I. P. Viscount MIDDLE-
To N . . . . . . . . 1717
Baron Brodrick of Middleton,
County Cork . . . . . 1715
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Custos Rot. of
Surrey.
Bn, 1st Nov. . . . . . . . . 1754
Suc. his father, as 4th Viscount,
22d Sept. . . . . . . .
Mar. First, Frances, dr. of Thomas,
1st Earl of Chichester . . .
Second, Maria, dr. of Richard
Benyon, Esq., of Gidea Hall,
Essex, 13th June . . . .
H. Ap. George Allan, born 10th
June . - - - - - - 1806
Co. Se. Pepper-Harrow, Surrey; and
Middleton, Co. Cork.
Rel. Brother to the late Archbishop of
Cashel, and to the Hon. John Brodrick,
a Lieut.-Gen. ; uncle to Charles Brod-
rick, Esq., married to Emma, 3d dr.
of Lord le Despencer,
1765
1778
1797
97. BROOKE& WARWICK, Earl,
of W. Castle, Warwickshire
Y. of C. 1746 and 1759
N. & S. Henry-Richard Greville, K.T.
O. T. Baron Brooke, of Beau-
champ's Court, Co. Warwick . 1620
Offi. A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of War-
wickshire.
Colonel of the Warwickshire Militia.
Bn, 11th April . . . . . . 1779
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, 2d
May ; and
Mar. Sarah, widow of John-George,
4th Lord Monson, and eld. dr.
of John, 2d Earl of Mexborough,
21st Oct. . . . . . . .
H. Ap. George, Lord Brooke, born
28th March . . . . . . 1818

1816
BROU (
BUCK
153 )
To, Res. 2, Seamore Place, Curzon-
Street.
Co. Se. Warwick Castle, Warwickshire;
Brooke House, Dorset; and Ealing,
Middlesex.
Rel. Brother to Sir Charles-J. Greville,
K.C.B., a Major General, Colonel of
the 28th Foot, and M.P. for Warwick:
bro.-in-law to the Earl of Clonmel, and
the Countess of Mansfield: step-father
to Lord Monson: son-in-law to the
Earl of Mexborough.
Parl. Pat. One member for Warwick.
395. BROUGHAM & VAUX, (1st)
Baron, U. K. . . Y. of C, 1830
Speaker of the House of Peers.
N. & S. Henry Brougham.
Offi. Lord High Chancellor of Great
Jºrita;;2 *.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
Official visitor of Oriel College, Ox-
ford, and of Pembroke and Catherine
Hall, Cambridge.
An official Trustee of the British
Museum.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Member of Council of the London
University.
A Perpetual Governor of King's
College, London.
Rel. Brother to James Brougham, Esq.
M.P. for Downton.
To... Res. 5, Hill-street, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Brougham Hall, Westmoreland.
163. BROWNLOW, (1st) Earl,
Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. John Cust, F.R.S. and F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount Alford . . . . 1815
Baron Brownlow of Belton, Lin-
colnshire . . . . . . . 1776
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1677
Offi. Lord Lieut., Cust. Rot, and Vice-
Admiral of Lincolnshire.
Recorder of Boston.
Colonel of the South Lincoln Militia.
Bn, 19th Aug. . . . . . . 1779
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 25th
Dec. . . . . . . 1807
Mar. First, Sophia, 2d dr. of
Sir Abraham Hume, Bart.,
24th July . . . . .
Second, Caroline, 2d dr. of G.
Fludyer, of Ayston, Co. Rut-
land, 22d Sept. . . . . 1818
Thirdly, Emma-Sophia, eld.dr.
of Richard, present Earl of
Mount Edgecombe, 17th July 1828
H. Ap. John-Hume, Viscount Al- -
..ford, born (first marriage) 15th
Oct. . . . . . . . . . 1812
To. Res. 16, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Belton House, Grantham, Lin-
colnshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
and Rev. John Cockayne Cust, a Canon
of Windsor (married to the eld. dr. of
the Earl of Kilmorey); to the Hon.
Captain Peregrine Francis Cust, M.P.
for Clitheroe (married to Isabella, dr.
of the late Duke of Buccleugh); and
to the Hon. Captain Edward Cust,
Equerry to Prince Leopold of Saxe
Cobourg, and M.P. for Lostwithiel.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Clitheroe.
27. BUCKINGHAM & CHANDOS,
(1st) Duke of, . . . Y. of C. 1822
N. & S. Rich.-Nugent-Temple-Brydges-
* The Lord High Chancellor may very properly be termed the King's Notary or
Secretary; being appointed by him to act with the same power and authority as he
would himself. He is the highest public officer in the kingdom, being supreme
judge of the Court of Chancery, Keeper of the King's Conscience, a Privy Councillor
by virtue of his office, Keeper of the Great Seal and Speaker of the House of Lords
by prescription. In the latter capacity he sits before the throne, on the left hand,
and declares His Majesty's will. As a judge, he has the King's power to moderate
the rigour of the written laws, and to govern his judgment by the laws of nature
and conscience, so as to direct all things according to equity and justice: whilst all
other judges and justices are tied strictly to the letter of the law, as contained in
Acts of Parliament, &c. Out of his Court issue all writs or summonses for par-
liaments and convocations, edicts, proclamations, charters, protections, patents, &c.;
and he is visitor, in right of the King, of all Royal hospitals, colleges, and
foundations; and patron of all Royal livings which are valued at £20 per annum,
or under, in the King's books. He is likewise guardian of infants and lunatics, and
has the general superintendence over all charitable institutions in the kingdom.

X
BUCK (
BUTE
154 )
Chandos-Grenville, K.G., D.C.L., and
F.S.A.
O. T. Marquess of Buckingham . 1784
First Marquess of Chandos . . 1822
Earl Temple . . . . 1749
Viscount and Baron Cobham . 1718
I. P. Earl Nugent . . . . 1776
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot, of Buck-
inghamshire.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn. March . . . . . . . 1776
Suc. his father, as 1st Marquess
of Buckingham, and 2d Earl
Temple, &c. 11th Feb. . . 1813
Mar. Anne-Elizabeth, eld. dr. and
heiress of James-Brydges, third
and last Duke of Chandos, 16th
April . . . . . . . .
H. Ap. Richard-Plantagenet-Bryd-
ges-Chandos-Temple Grenville,
Marquess of Chandos, M.P.
for the County of Buckingham
(married to Mary, yst. dr. of
John, present Earl of Breadal-
bane), born 11th Feb. . 1797
To. Res. Buckingham House, 91, Pall-
Mall.
Co. Se. Stowe Park, and Wootton, Buck-
inghamshire; Avington, Hampshire;
Gosfield, Essex; and Buckingham Cot-
tage, Ryde, Isle of Wight.
Rel. His Grace is father to the Mem-
ber for Buckinghamshire: grandfather
to Earl Temple: brother to Lord
Geo.-Nugent-Temple Grenville, Ba-
rom Nugent, and M.P. for Aylesbury:
bro.-in-law to Everard, Lord Arundel
of Wardour; and cousin to the Earl of
Egremont.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Buck-
ingham, two for Saint Mawes, and
one for Winchester.
1796
98. BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, Earl
of, . . . . . . . Y. of C. 1746
N. & S. Geo.-Robert-Hobart Hampden.
O. T. Baron Hobart of Blickling,
Norfolk . . . . . . 1728
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1611
Suc. his uncle, as 5th Earl, 5th Feb. 1816
Mar. Miss Jane Glover, 3d May 1819
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Augustus-Edward Hobart.
To. Res. 1, Spanish-place, Manchester-
square.
Co. Se. Great Missenden, Bucks.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to the Vis-
countess Goderich; and second cousin
to the late Marchioness of Londonderry.
38. BUTE, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. John-Crichton Stuart, F.R.S.
O. T. Earl of Windsor . . .
Viscount Mountjoy of the Isle
of Wight . . . . . .
Baron Mount-Stuart of Wortley,
Yorkshire . . . . . 1761
Baron Cardiff of Castle Cardiff 1776
S. P. Earl of Dumfries and Bute 1633
Earl of Bute and Viscount King-
arth . . . . . . . 1703
Viscount Ayr . . . . . . 1622
Baron Crichton, of Sanquhar . 1485
Lord Mountstuart, of Cumnoch,
Cumra, and Inchmarnoch . 1400
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1627
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Gla-
morganshire.
Recorder of Banbury.
Lord Lieut. of Buteshire.
Hereditary Sheriff and Coroner of Bute-
shire, and Keeper of Rothsay Castle,
in the Isle of Bute.
Bn. 3d Aug. . . . . . . . 1793
Suc. his maternal grandfather, as
Earl of Dumfries, &c. 7th Ap. 1806
His paternal grandfather, as 2d
Marquess of Bute, &c. 16th
Nov. . . . . . 1814
Mar. Maria, eld. dr. of George-
Augustus, 3d Earl of Bute, 28th
July . . . . . . . . . 1818
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, Lord
Patrick—James-Crichton Stuart, M.P.
for Cardiff.
To. Res. Camden-hill, Kensington.
Co. Se. Mountstuart, Isle of Bute; Wrox-
ton-abbey, Oxon; Cardiff Castle, Gla-
morganshire; and Dumfries House,
Ayrshire.
Rel. The Marchioness is niece to the pre-
sent Earl of Guilford. The Marquess
is brother to the Member for Cardiff:
cousin to Henry-Villiars Stuart, M.P.
for Banbury: and nephew to the Vis-
countess Sandon (dr.-in-law to the Earl
of Harrowby).
Parl. Pat. The Member for Cardiff.
1796



249. BYRON, Baron,
of Rochdale, Lancashire. Y. of C. 1643
N. & S. George-Anson Byron.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Suc. his cousin, the immortal Poet,
as 7th Baron, 19th April . . 1824
Md. Elizabeth-Mary, dr. of Sache-

verell-Chandos Pole, Esq., of
Radborne, Derbysh, 18th March 1816
CADO (
CAMB
155 )
H. Ap. George-Anson, born 30th
June . . . . . . . . . 1818
To. Res. 21, Eaton-place, Belgrave-
square.
125. CADOGAN, Earl, Y. of C. 1800
N. & S. Charles-Henry-Sloane Cadogan.
0. T. Viscount Chelsea . 1800
Baron Cadogan of Oakley, Bucks 1718
Bn. 18th June . . . . . . 1749
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 3d April 1807
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
George Cadogan, Captain, R.N. C.B.,
K.M.T.
Co. Se, Sandy-Downham, near Brandon,
Suffolk.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Hon. and Rev.
Gerald-Valerian Wellesley (rector of
Chelsea), to Lord Cowley (both bro-
thers to the Duke of Wellington and
to the Marquess Wellesley), and to
the present Marquess of Anglesea.
139. CALEDON, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1800
A Representative Peer of Ireland
for life, elected in . . . . 1804
N. & S. Dupré Alexander, K.P.
O. T. L. P. Viscount Alexander . 1797
Baron Caledon, of Caledon, Co.
Tyrone - - - . 1790
Offi. A Governor of Tyroneshire, and
A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture
of Ireland.
Colonel of the Tyrone Militia.
Bn. 14th Dec. . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 22d
March . . . . . . .
Mar. Catherine-Freeman, 2d dr.
of Philip, Earl of Hardwicke,
16th Oct. . . . . . . 1811
H. Ap. James Dupré, Viscount
Alexander, born July . 1813
To. Res. 5, Carlton-House Terrace West,
and 3, St. James's Square.
Co. Se. Bounds Park, Kent; and Castle
Caledon, Tyrone county.
Rel. Son-in-law to the present Earl of
Hardwicke; brother-in-law to Baron
Blayney; cousin to the two Members
for Old Sarum.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Old Sa-
runn.
1777
1802
309. CALTHORPE, Baron,
of C., Norfolk . . . Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. George-Gough Calthorpe.
O. T. A Baronet.
Bn. June . . . . . . . . 1787
Suc. his brother, as 3d Baron, 5th
June . . . . . . . . . 1807
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Frederick Calthorpe, M.P. for Bramber
(married to Charlotte, eld, dr. of the
Duke of Beaufort).
To. Res, 33, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Ampton Park, Bury St. Ed-
munds, Suffolk; Elvetham, Hants;
and Edgebaston House, near Birming-
ham, Co. Warwick.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Bramber.

4. CAMBRIDGE, His Royal High-
ness the (1st) Duke of . Y. of C. 1801
N.&S. Prince Adolphus-Frederick, K.G.,
G.C.B., G.C.H., F.S.A.
O. T. First Earl of Tip-
perary . . . . . X-U.K. 1801
First Baron of gº;
Offi. Governor General of the Kingdom
of Hanover.
Chancellor of the University of St.
Andrew’s,
Grand Master of the Order of St.
Michael.
A Privy Councillor.
A Field Marshal in the Army.
Colonel of the Coldstream Regt. of
Foot Guards, and
Colonel-in-Chief of the 60th Reg. of
Foot.
Bn. 24th Feb. . . . . . . 1774
Mar. Her Serene Highness Au-
gusta-Wilhelmina-Louisa, Prin-
cess of Hesse, dr. of Frederick,
Landgrave of Hesse (born July
25th, 1797), May 7th . . .
H. Ap. Prince George-William-
Frederick-Charles, born 26th
March . . . . . . . .
To. Res. Cambridge House, 94,
cadilly.
Rel. His Royal Highness is the 5th and
yst. surviving son of his late Majesty
George III., King of Great Britain
and Ireland, and of Hanover: brother
to his present Majesty William IV.;
to Prince Ernest-Augustus, Duke of
Cumberland and Tiviotdale; to Prince
Augustus-Frederick, Duke of Sussex:
to Princess Augusta-Sophia; to Prin-
cess Elizabeth, Landgravine of Hesse
Homburg; to Princess Mary, Duchess
of Gloucester; and to Princess Sophia:
cousin to Prince William-Frederick,
Duke of Gloucester, and to Princess
Sophia-Matilda of Gloucester: uncle


1818
1819
Pic-
CAMD (
CARB
156 )
to Princess Alexandrina-Victoria, dr.
to the late Duke of Kent, and pre-
sumptive heiress to the Throne: son-
in-law to His Serene Highness the
Landgrave of Hesse: bro.-in-law to
Her Royal Highness the Duchess of
Kent, Princess Dowager of Leiningen.
42. CAMDEN, (1st) Marquess,
Y. of C. 1812
N. & S. John Jeffreys Pratt, K.G.,
F.S.A., M.A.
O. T. Earl Camden, of Camden
Place, Kent . . . . . . 1786
Earl of Brecknock . . . . 1812
Wiscount Bayham . . . . 1786
Baron Camden . . 1765
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Teller of the Exchequer.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity
JHouse.
Lord Lieut., Cust. Rot., and Vice-
Admiral of the Co. of Kent, and
City of Canterbury.
Recorder of the City of Bath.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Bn. 11th Feb. . . . . . . 1759
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl Cam-
den, April . . . . . . . 1794
Mar. Frances, dr. and heiress of
William Molesworth, Esq., of
Wembury, Devonshire, 31st Dec. 1785
H. Ap. George-Charles, Earl of
Brecknock, born 2d May . 1799
To. Res. 22, Arlington-street.
Co. Se. Wilderness Park, near Seven
Oaks, Kent; Bayham Park, Sussex;
and Brecknock Priory, South Wales.
Rel. Uncle to the lady of Thomas Wood,
Esq., of Grevernet, M.P. for Brecon-
shire; to the lady of the Rt. Hon. Sir
Henry Hardinge, K.C.B., M.P. for
St. Germans; and to the present Mar-
quess of Londonderry: grand-uncle to
Viscount Castlereagh, M.P. for Down-
shire.
395. CANNING, (1st) Viscountess
Y. of C. 1828
N. & S. Joan Canning.
Rel. Widow of the late Rt. Hon. George
Canning. First Lord of the Treasury,
and Prime Minister.
º CANTERBURY, Ld. Archbishop
o
º -
Translated from London in . . 1828
N. & S. Rt. Hon. and Most Rev. William
Howley, D.D., F.R.S., F.S.A.
Cons. Bishop of London in . 1813
O. T. Metropolitan and Primate of all
England.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Governor of Beccles School.
Visitor of AllSouls, Baliol, and Merton
Colleges, Oxford.
One of the Visitors of Harrow School.
An official Trustee of the British Mu-
Seulin.
President of the Society for Promoting
Christian Knowledge.
To. Res. Lambeth Palace, and 4, Rich-
mond Terrace, Whitehall.
Co. Se. Addington Park, near Croydon,
Surrey.
N.B. The Arch-Diocess of Canterbury
comprehends only about three-fourths
of the County of Kent.

321. CARBERRY, Baron,
of C., Co. Cork . . Y. of C. 1715
A Representative Peer of Ireland
for life, elected in . . . . . 1820
N. & S. John-Evans Freke.
O. T. A Baronet of Ireland . . 1763
Offi. A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture
of Ireland.
Biz. 11th Nov. . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his father, as 2d Baronet . 1777
His cousin, as 6th Baron, 4th
March . . . . . . . 1807
Mar. Catherine-Charlotte, 3d dr.
of Arthur, 2d Earl of Arran,
25th Jan. . . . . . . . 1785
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
George-Evans Freke.
Co. Se. Castle Freke, Co. Cork; and
Laxton Hall, Northamptonshire.
64. CARDIGAN, Earl of,
Y. of. C. 1661
N. & S. Robert Brudenell.
O. T. Baron Brudenell, of Stanton
Wivil, Leicestershire . . 1627
A Baronet . . . . . 1611
Bn. 26th April . . . . 1769
Suc. his uncle, as 6th Earl, 24th Feb. 1811
Mar. Penelope-Anne, 2d dr. of
John-George Cooke, Esq. of
Harefield Park, Middlesex, 8th
March . . . . . . . . 1794
H.Ap. James-Thos., Lord Brude-
nell, M.P. for Fowey (mar. to
E.-J.-Henrietta, eld, dr. of Ad-
CARL (
CARN
157 )
miral Tollemache), born 16th
Oct. . . . . . . . . . 1797
To. Res. 36, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Dean Park, Wansford, North-
amptonshire; Templemore House, Co.
Tipperary.
Rel. Cousin to the Earl of Aylesbury:
grand-uncle to the Duke of Buccleugh:
Ja-in-law to Earl Howe, to the Earl
of Chichester, and to Lord Bingham,
(son to the Earl of Lucan).
288. CARLETON, Baron,
of C., Yorkshire . Y. of C. 1786
N. & S. Henry Boyle, K.P.
O.T. I. P. EARI, of SHANNoN
Viscount Boyle . . . . .
Baron CastleMartyr, of Castle
Martyr, Co. Cork . . .
Offi. A Privy Councillor, and
Clerk of the Pells in Ireland.
Cust. Rot. of the Co. of Cork.
A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture
in Ireland.
Bn. 8th Aug. . . . . . . . 1771
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron and
3d Earl, 20th May . . . . 1807
Mar. Sarah, dr. of John Hyde,
Esq. of Castle Hyde, 9th June 1798
H. Ap, Richard, Viscount Boyle,
M.P. for Corkshire, born 5th
May . . . . . . . . . 1809
Co. Se. Castle Martyr, Co. Cork.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to the Earl
of Besborough (Baron Ponsonby, En-
glish Peerage); and uncle to the Earl
of Bandon.
1756
224. CARLISLE, Lord Bishop of,
Translated from Rochester, Sept. 1827
N. & S. Rt. Rev. and Hon. Hugh Percy,
D.D.
Cons. Bishop of Rochester in June 1827
Co. Res. Rose Castle, Cumberland.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Earl
of Beverley: uncle to the Earl Ash-
burnham: cousin to the Duke of North-
umberland, to Baron Prudhoe, and to
the Baroness Glenlyon: nephew to Ba-
ron Willoughby d'Eresby.
N.B. The Lord Bishop of Carlisle is
Diocesan over parts of Cumberland and
Westmoreland; all in the Province of
the Archbishop of York.
65. CARLISLE, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1661
N. & S. George Howard.
O. T. Viscount Howard, of Mor-
peth, Northumberland . . ; 1661
Baron Dacre of Gillesland
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Lord Lieutenant of the East Riding
of Yorksh.
Bn. 17th Sept. . . . . . . 1773
Suc. his father, as 6th Earl, 4th
Sept. . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Georgiana, eld, dr. of Wil-
liam, 5th Duke of Devonshire,
21st March . . . . . .
H.Ap. George-William-Frederick,
Viscount Morpeth, M.P. for
Yorkshire, born 18th April . . 1802
To. Res. 12, Grosvenor-square.
Co, Se, Castle Howard, Yorkshire; and
Naworth Castle, Cumberland.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the pre-
sent Marquess of Stafford: bro.-in-
law to the Duke of Rutland: uncle to
Earl Cawdor: father to the Member
for Yorkshire: father-in-law to the
Hon. W. S. S. Lascelles (3d son of the
Earl of Harewood); to the Hon.
George-James-Welbore-Agar Ellis
(only son of Viscount Clifden), M.P.
for Oakhampton; to George Granville,
Baron Gower (Earl Gower, son and heir
to the Marquess of Stafford and the
Countess of Sutherland), and to Wil-
liam Cavendish, Esq. M. P. for Cam-
bridge University (grandson to Lord
George Cavendish, who is presumptive
heir to the Dukedom of Devonshire).
Parl. Pat. One Member for Morpeth.
1825
1801


123. CARNARVON, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1793
N. & S. Henry-George Herbert.
O. T. Baron Porchester, of High
Clere, Southamptonshire . 1780
Offi. High Steward of Newbury.

Bn. 3d June . . . . . . . 1772
Suc, his father, as 2d Earl, 3d
June . . . - . 1811
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. and heiress of
Col. Ackland, 26th April . 1796
H. Ap. Henry-John-George, Lord
Porchester, born 8th June .
To. Res. 43, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Sé. High Clere House, Hampshire;
and Pixton, Somersetshire.
Re!. His Lordship is nephew to the pre-
sent Earl of Egremont; bro-in-law to
Baron Ducie : uncle to the Hon. G.-F.
Moreton, (who married Elizabeth, eld.
dr. of John, 2d Baron Sherborne); to
the Countess of Denbigh; and to the
1800
CARR (
CART
158 )

Lady of James-Houghton Langston,
Esq. of Sarsden, Oxon, M.P. for the
City of Oxford: brother to the Hon.
and Rev. William Herbert (who mar.
Letitia-Dorothea, 2d dr. of Joshua,
Viscount Allen).
127. CARRICK, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1748
A Representative Peer of Ireland
for life, elected in . . . 1819
N. & S. Somerset-Richard Butler.
O. T. Viscount Ikerrin, Co. Tip-
perary . . . . . . . . 1629
Offi. A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. 27th Sept. . . . . . . 1779
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, 20th
July . . . . . . . . . 1813
Mar. Anne, eld. dr. of Owen
Wynne, Esq. of Haslewood, Co.
Sligo, 1st Sept. . . . . . 1811
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, Lieut.-
Col. the Hon. Henry-Edward Butler.
Co. Se. Mount Juliet, Kilkenny Co.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Rev. Henry Maxwell (brother to Lord
Farnham); to Somerset, Earl of Bel-
more; to Francis Savage, Esq. of Holy-
wood, Downshire; and to the Hon. C.-
H.-Butler Clarke (br. to the Marquess
of Ormonde) M.P. for Kilkenneyshire;
uncle to the Earl of Ossory.
313. CARRINGTON, Baron,
of Upton, Notts . Y. of. C. 1797
N. & S. Robert Smith, F.R.S., F.A.S.,
and D.C.L.
O. T. I. P. Baron Carrington of
Bulcot Lodge . . . . . 1796
Offi. President of the Society for the
Support and Encouragement of Sun-
day Schools throughout the British
Empire.
Captain of Deal Castle.
Bn, in . . . . . . . . 1752
Mar. Anne, dr. of Henry-B. Ber-
nard, Esq. of South Cave, York-
shire.
H. Ap. Robert-John Smith, M.P.
for Buckinghamshire, (mar. E.-
Catherine, dr. of Cecil, 1st Lord
Forester), born 16th Jan. . . 1796
To. Res. Whitehall Yard.
Co. Se. Wycombe Abbey, and Wen-
dover House, Bucks; Deal Castle,
Kent.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Mem-
ber for Buckinghamshire: brother to
John Smith, Esq. M.P. for Chichester;
to Samuel Smith, Esq. of Woodhall
Park, Hertfordshire, and uncle to Abel
Smith, Esq., both Membs, for Wendover;
bro. likewise to George Smith, Esq. and
auncle to John Abel Smith, Esq. (son to
Samuel), both Members for Midhurst,
Sussex: bro.-in-law to William Man-
ning, Esq. (a banker in London and
Bank Director): fa.-in-law to Eliza-
beth-Catherine (sister to Baron Fo-
rester, and to the Hon. Geo.-Cecil.
Weld Forester, M.P. for Wenlock);
to Philip-Henry, Earl Stanhope; to
H.-W.-W. Wynne, Esq. (brother to
Sir Watkin-Williams Wynne, Bart,
M.P. for Denbighshire); and to Lord
Granville-Charles-Henry Somerset (2d
son of the Duke of Beaufort), M.P. for
Monmouthshire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Wend-
over; one Member for Wycombe; one
Member for Midhurst.
283. CARTERET, Baron,
of Hawnes, Bedfordshire Y. of C. 1784
N. & S. George Thynne.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Bn. 23d Jan. . . . . . . 1770
Suc. his uncle, as 2d Baron, 17th
June . . . . . . . . 1826
Mar. Harriet, sister to Wiscount
Courtenay, 9th May . 1797
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, Lord
John Thynne, F.S.A., M.P. for Bath.
To. Res. 23, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Hawnes Place, Bedfordshire; and
Carteret, Cornwall.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Mar-
quess of Bath, and to the Member for
Bath: bro.-in-law to Viscount Courte-
nay: uncle to the Earl of Ashburnham,
the Earl of Aylesford, the Earl of
Chesterfield, and Viscount Weymouth;
also to Lord W. Thynne, and Lord
H. F. Thynne, both Members for
Weobly; to the Countess Cawdor, and
the lady of the Hon. Henry Lascelles
(2d son to the Earl of Harewood), M.P.
for Northallerton.
327. CARYSFORT, Baron,
of Norman Cross, Huntingdon-
shire, U. K. . . . . Y. of C.
N. & S. John Proby.
O.T. I.P. EARL of CARYsfort 1789
Baron Carysfort, Co. Wicklow . 1752
Offi. A Major General in the Army.
Bn, in . . . . . . . . . .1775
1801
CASH (
CAWD
159 )
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron and
Earl, 6th April . . . . . 1828
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Granville-Levison Proby, Capt., Royal
Navy.
To. Res. 46, Upper Grosvenor Street.
Co. Se. Elton Hall, near Stilton, Hunting-
donshire; and Kilcarra Castle, Wick-
low, Ireland.
Itel. His Lordship's brother is married to
the niece of the Earl of Wicklow; their
stepmother is aunt to the Duke of
Buckingham and Chandos, and to Lord
Nugent.
8. CASHEL, Lord Archbishop of,
Cons. . . . . . . . . . 1822
N. & S. The Rt. Hon. Richard Law-
rence, D.C.L.
A Representative Irish Prelate
for . . . . . . . . . . 1831
PRIMATE of MUN's TER.
O. Offi. Bishop of Emly.
A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Co. Se. Cashel Palace, Tipperaryshire.
161. CATHCART, (1st) Earl,
Y. of C. 1814
N. & S. William-Shaw Cathcart, G.C.B.,
K.T., K.A.N., K.A., K.S.A., and
K.T.S., and St. G.
O. T. Viscount Cathcart .
Baron Greenock, U.K. .
S. P. Baron Cathcart . .
Offi. Vice Admiral of Scotland.
Governor of Hull.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
A General Officer in the Army.
Col. of the 2nd Regt. of Life Guards.
Suc. his father, as 10th Baron
Cathcart . . . . . . . 1776
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of Andrew
Eliot, Esq., June . . . . 1779
H. Ap. Charles-Murray, Lord
Greenock, a Col. in the Army,
and Lieut.-Colonel of the Royal
Staff Corps, born 21st Dec. . . 1783
Co. Se. Shaw Park, Clackmannanshire.
Rel. His Lordship has two sons Colonels
in the Army, viz. Lord Greenock and
the Hon. F. Cathcart; he is fa.-in-law
and uncle to Lady Georgiana Greville
(dr. to the Hon. R. Greville, and the
Countess Dowager Mansfield): cousin
to the Duke of Brandon and Hamilton;
to the late Duchess of Somerset; and
to the Countess Dunmore: brother to
the Hon. and Rev. A. H. Cathcart,
1807
. 1447
Prebendary of York; and to Louisa,
Countess of Mansfield (in her own
right): bro-in-law to Baron Lyne-
doch; and to the Hon. Robert-Fulke
Greville (2d husband of the Countess
of Mansfield), brother to Earl Brooke
and Warwick; and to Major-Gen. Sir
Charles-John Greville, M.P. for War-
wick: uncle to the Duke of Athol;
to Baron Glenlyon; to the Viscountess
Strathallan; to the Lady of Sir J. E.
Macgregor Murray, Bart.; and to the
Lady of the Rev. D. H. F. Hatton
(brother to the Earl of Winchelsea).
177. CAWDOR, (1st) Earl,
of Castlemartin, Pembrokeshire,
U. K. . . . . . . Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. John-Frederick Campbell, F.R.S.
O. T. Viscount Emlyn of Emlyn,
Co. Caermarthen . . . . 1827
Baron Cawdor . . . . . . 1796
Bn. Nov. . . . . . . . 1790
Suc, his father, as 2d Baron, 1st
June . . . . . . 1821
Mar. Lady Elizabeth, eld. dr. of
Thomas, 2d Marquess of Bath,
30th July . . . . . . .
H. Ap. John-Frederick Waughan,
Viscount Emlyn, born in . . 1817
To. Res. 9, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Cawdor Castle, Nairnshire; Glan-
fred, Cardiganshire ; Golden-grove,
Carmarthenshire; and Stackpole Court,
Pembrokeshire.
Rel. Son-in-law to the present Marquess
of Bath.
128. CHARLEMONT, Earlof,
Y. of C. 1763
A Representative Peer of Ireland
for life, elected in . . . . 1806
N. & S. Francis-William Caulfeild,
M.R.I.A.
O. T. I. P. Viscount Caulfeild . 1665
Baron Caulfeild of Charlemont. 1620
Offi. A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. 3d Jan. . . . . . . . 1775
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 4th
Aug. . . . . . . . . . 1792
Mar, the dr. and co-heiress of W.
Bermingham, Esq. of Ross Hill,
Galwayshire, 9th Feb. . 1802
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Henry Caulfeild.
To. Res. 15, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Castle Caulfeild, Tyrone; and
Marino, near Dublin.



CHAR (
CHES
160 )
152. CHARLEVILLE, (1st) Earl of,
Y. of C. 1806
A Representative Peer of Ireland
for life, elected in . . . . 1801
N. & S. Charles-William Bury, F.R.S.
M.R.I.A.
O. T. I. P. First Viscount Charle-
ville . . . . . . . 1800
First Baron Tullamore of Tulla-
more, King's County . . . 1797
Offi. A Trustee of the Linen Manufac-
ture of Ireland.
Bn, 30th June . . . . . .
Mar. Catherine-Maria, dr. and
heiress of T.-T. Dawson, Esq.
(widow of James Tisdale, Esq.),
4th June . . . . . . .
H. Ap. Charles-William, Lord
Tullamore, M.P. for Carlow
(married to Beaujolois-Harriet-
Charlotte, niece to the Duke of
Argyle), born April . 1801
To. Res. 14, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Charleville Forest, Tullamore,
Ireland.
Rel. Father to the Member for Carlow,
who is connected by marriage with
the family of Argyle. -
Parl. Pat. The Member for Carlow.
1764
1798
109. CHATHAM, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1766
N. & S. John Pitt, K.G.
O. T. Viscount Pitt, of Burton
Pynsent, Somersetshire . 1766
Baron Chatham, of C., Kent . 1761
Offi. A General Officer in the Army.
Gov.-Gen. of Gibraltar.
Colonel of the 4th Regt. of Foot.
High Steward of Colchester.
A Governor of the Charter House.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity
House.
Bn. 10th Sept. . . . . . . 1756
Suc. his father as 2d Earl, 11th
May . . . . . . . . . . 1778
Mar. Mary-Elizabeth, 2d dr. of
Thomas, first Wiscount Sidney,
9th July . . . . . . . 1783
To. Res. 10, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square. -
Co. Se. Hayes, Kent; and Burton
Pynsent, Somersetshire.
Rel. His Lordship is son to the im-
mortal Earl of Chatham : brother to
the late Rt. Hon. William Pitt, First
Lord of the Treasury and Prime Mi-
nister for upwards of twenty years :
bro.-in-law to Lieutenant-Col. Town-
shend, of 1st Foot Guards; to the
Hon. Georgiana Townshend, House-
keeper of Windsor Castle; to the Ba-
roness Dynevor, and to the late Du-
chess of Buccleugh : uncle to Viscount
Sydney; to Lady Hester-Lucy Stan-
hope (sister to the Earl of Stanhope),
who has so long resided among the
barbarous hordes of Asia Minor.

226. CHESTER, Lord Bishop of
Cons. in . . . . . . . . 1828
N. & S. Rt. Rev. John-Bird Sumner,
D. D.
Offi. A Prebendary of Durham.
Co. Res. The Palace, Chester.
Rel. Brother to the Rt. Rev. C. R.
Sumner, Lord Bishop of Winchester;
—to George Holme Sumner, Esq.
M.P. for Guildford.
N. B. The Bishop of Chester's Diocess
includes Cheshire and Lancashire,
with parts of Cumberland, Westmore-
land, Yorkshire, Denbighshire and
Flintshire; all in the Province of York.

60. CHESTERFIELD, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1628
N. & S. George-Augustus-Fre-
derick Stanhope.
O. T. Baron Stanhope, of Shel-
ford, Northamptonshire . . 1616
Offi. A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Hereditary Gov. of the Incorpo-
rated Hospital and School of Rep-

ton.
Bn. 23d May . . . . . . 1805
Suc. his father, as 6th Earl, 29th
Aug. . . . . . 1815
o - - - -
H. Pre. Col. Philip Stanhope, his Lord-
ship's 2d cousin.
To. Res. Chesterfield House, South Aud-
ley-street.
Co. Sc. Bradby Hall, Derbyshire; and
Shelford, Nottinghamshire.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the
Marquess of Bath; to Baron Carteret;
and to Lord John Thynne, M.P.
for Bath ; cousin to Viscount Wey-
mouth; to Lords Henry-Frederick, and
William, Thynne, both Members for
Weobly ; to the Countess Cawdor;
to the Lady of the Hon. Henry Lascel-
les, M.P. for Northallerton; and to
the Earl of Aylesford.

221. CHICHESTER, Lord Bishop of,
Cons. in . . . . . . . . 1824
N.&S. Rt.Rev. Robert-James Carr, D.D.
CHIC (
CHUR
161 )

Offi. A Canon Residentiary of St. Paul's,
London.
Clerk of the Closet to the King.
Co. Res. Palace, Chichester.
N. B. Sussex forms the Diocess of
this Prelate; being situated in the
Province of Canterbury.
144. CHICHESTER, Earl of,
Y. of C, 1801
N. & S. Henry-Thomas Pelham.
0. T. Baron Pelham, of Stanmer,
Sussex . . - . 1762
A Baronet . . . . . . . 161 l
Offi. A Captain in the Army.
Bn. 25th Aug. . . . . . . 1804
Suc. his father, as 3rd Earl, 4th
July . . . . . . . . . 1826
Mar. Mary, dr. of the Earl of Car-
digan, 19th Aug. . . . . . 1828
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Frederick—Thomas Pelham.
To. Res. 17, Stratton-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Stanmer Park, Lewes, Sussex.
Rel. Son-in-law to the Earl of Cardigan:
bro.-in-law to Lord Brudenell, and
to the Countess Howe: nephew to the
Duke of Leeds; and to Lord Francis-
Godolphin Osborne, M.P. for Cam-
bridgeshire : cousin to the Marquess
of Carmarthen.
44. CHOLMONDELEY, Marquess
of . . . . . Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. George-James-Horatio Chol-
mondelev.
O.T. Earl of Cholmondeley . 1706
Earl of Rocksavage . 1815
Viscount Malpas - . . 1706
Baron Cholmondeley, of Nampt-
wich, Cheshire . . . . 1689
Baron Newburgh, of N., in the
Isle of Anglesea . . . . 1716
I. P. Viscount Cholmondeley - 1661
Baron Newburgh, of Kells,
Meathshire . . . . . . 1716
Offi. Joint-Hereditary Great Chamber-
lain of England.
Bn. 16th Jan. . . . . . 1792
Suc. his father, as 2d Marquess,
10th April . . . . . . .
Mar. Caroline, 2d dr. of Lieut.-
Gen. Colin Campbell, Oct. - 1812
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, Lord
Henry-William Cholmondeley, M.P.
for Castle Rising (mar. to M. E. Geor-
giana, dr. of the Rt. Hon. Charles
Arbuthnot, M.P. for Ashburton.)
To. Res. 12, Carlton House Terrace,
1827
Co. Se, Trant Place, Middlesex; Hough-
ton, Fakenham, Norfolk; and Chol-
mondeley Castle, Nantwich, Cheshire.
Rel. The Marquess is cousin to Baron
Willoughby d'Eresby, with whom he
holds the joint-hereditary grand-
chamberlainship of England; and to
the Countess of Clare: brother to one
of the Members for Castle Rising;
2d cousin to the Lady of Gilbert-John
Heathcote, Esq. (son to Sir Gilbert
Heathcote, M.P. for Rutlandshire).
Parl. Pat. One Member for Castle
Rising.
N.B. His Lordship had previously sat
in the House of Peers, as Baron New-
burgh, viz. from the year 1821, until
the late Marquess of Cholmondeley's
decease.
356. CHURCHILL,(1st) Baron,
of Wychwood Forest, Oxfordshire,
Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. Francis Almeric Spencer.
Offi. Ranger of Wychwood Forest.
Bn., 26th Dec. . . . . . . 1779
Mar. Frances, dr. of Augustus-
Henry Fitzroy, 3d Duke of
Grafton, 25th Nov. . . . . 1801
H. Ap, Francis-George, 6th Oct. 1802
Co. Sc. Cornbury Park, Wychwood
Forest; and Witney, Oxfordshire;
Wimbledon, Surrey; and West La-
vington House, near Devizes, Wilt-
shire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Duke
of Marlborough : uncle to the Mar-
quess of Blandford, M.P. for Wood-
stock: grand-uncle to the Earl of
Sunderland: bro.-in-law to the Vis-
count Clifden ; to the Rev. Arch-
deacon Nares, D.D.; to the Earl of
Shaftesbury; to the Duke of Grafton;
to Lieutenant-Gen. Lord Chas. Fitzroy,
sen. ; to the Hon. and Rev. Lord Henry
Fitzroy, Prebendary of Westminster;
and to Lord William Fitzroy, Capt.
R.N.: the Baroness is aunt to the
Earl of Euston, M.P. for Bury St.
Edmund's; and to Lieut.-Col. Lord
Charles Fitzroy, jun. M. P. for Thet-
ford (married to Anne, dr. of Lord
George-A.-H.Cavendish): grand-aunt
to Viscount Ipswich.



363. CLANBRASSIL (1st) Baron,
of Hyde Hall, Herts Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Robert Jocelyn, K.P.
O. T. A. Bart, of England 1665
Y
CLAN ( 162 ) CLAN
I.P. EARL of Roden, of High Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 27th
Roding, Tipperary . . . 1771 April . . . . . . . . 1805
Viscount Jocelyn . . . . . 1755 Mar. Henrietta-Margaret, 2d dr.
Baron Newport of Newport . 1743 of the Rt. Hon. John Staples,
Offi. Auditor General of the Erchequer
of Ireland.
Cust. Rot. of Louthshire.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture.
President of the Sunday School Society
for Ireland.
Bn. 27th Oct. . . . . . . ]
Suc. His father, as 3rd Earl of
Roden, 29th June . . 1820
Mar. Maria-Frances-Catherine, 2d, dr,
of Thomas, Lord le Despencer.
H. Ap. Robert, Viscount Jocelyn,
born 20th Feb. . . . . . 1816
Co. Se. Hyde Hall, Hertfordshire ;
Dundalk House, Louthshire; and
Tullymore Park, Castlewellan.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the
Hon. and Rt. Rev. Percy Jocelyn,
late Bishop of Clogher: uncle to Vis-
count Powerscourt : son-in-law to
Baron le Despencer.
Parl. Pat. The Member for Dundalk.
778
147. CLANCARTY, Earl of,
of C., Co. Cork, Y. of C. 1803
A Representative Peer of Ireland for
life (though possessing an hereditary
seat in the House of Lords since 1815).
N. & S. Richard Le-poer-Trench,
G.C.B.
O. T. First Viscount Clancarty,
U.K., 17th Nov. . . 182
First Baron Trench, of Gar-
bally, U.K., 4th Aug. . 1815
I. P. Viscount Dunlo, of Dunlo
and Ballinasloe, Galway and
Roscommon counties . . . 1801
Baron Kilconnel, of Garbally,
Galwayshire . . . . . 1797
First Marquess of Heusden, in
the Peerage of the Nether-
lands, so created by King
William in . . . . . . 1818
Off. A Governor and Cust. Rot, of the
County of Galway.
Colonel of the Galway Militia.
Vice Admiral of Connaught.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
His Lordship was Ambassador at the
Hague from 1813 to 1818.
Bn. 19th May . . . . 1767
in Feb. . . . . . . . . 1796
H.Ap, William-Thomas, Viscount
Dunlo, born 21st Sept. . 1803
Co. Se. Garbally Park, Galwayshire.
Rel. His Lordship is fa.-in-law to
Thomas Kavanagh, Esq. of Borris,
Kilkenny, M.P. for Carlowshire:
brother to the Rt. Hon. and Most
Rev. William Magee, D.D., Arch-
bishop of Dublin, and Bishop of
Glandelagh, Primate of Ireland; to
the Hon. William Trench, Sec. to
the Commissioners of Customs in Ire-
land: bro.-in-law to Viscount Castle-
maine; and to the Earl of Rathdown.

390. CLANWILLIAM, (1st) Baron,
of C., Co. Tipperary, U.K.
Y. of C. 1828
N. & S. Richard Meade.
O. T. J. P. EARL or CLAN-
win, LIAM . . . . . . 1776
Viscount Clanwilliam.
Baron Gilford, of Gilford,
Downshire . . . . . . 1766
A Baronet of Ireland . 1763
His Lordship was late Envoy Extra-
ordinary and Ambassador-Plenipo-
tentiary at the Court of Berlin.
Bn, 15th Aug. . . . . . . 1795
Suc, his father, as 3d Earl, 3d
Sept. . . . . . . . . 1805
H. Pre. His Lordship's uncle, Lieut.
Gen. the Hon. Robert Meade.
Co. Se. Lissane, Tipperary Co.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Counts Paul Szcheny and Martinitz,
Chamberlains to the Emperor of Aus-
tria.

112, CLARENDON, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1776
N. & S. John-Charles Williers.
O.T. Baron Hyde of Hindon,
Wiltshire . . . . . . 1756
A Count of Prussia . . . 1782
Off. A Privy Councillor.
Chief Justice in Eyre, north of Trent.
Prothonotary of the County Palatine of
Lancaster.
Bn. 14th Nov. . . . . . . 1757
Suc. his brother, as 3d Earl, 7th
March . . . . . . . 1824
Mar. Maria-Eleanor, yst. dr. and
co-heiress of the late Admiral
Forbes, 5th Jan. . . . . . 1791
CLEV (
CLIF
163 )
H. Pre. His Lordship's nephew,
George-William-Frederick Vil-
liers, born in . . . . . . 1800
To. Res. 18, North Audley-street.
Co. Se. The Grove, near Watford, Herts;
Hindon, Wilts; and Penline Castle,
Caermarthenshire.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle to T. H.
Williers, Esq. M.P. for Wootton Bas-
sett: cousin to the Earl of Essex; to
Maj. Gen. the Hon. Thomas-Edward
Coningsby; to Rear Admiral the Hon.
Thos.-Bladen Coningsby; and to the
Dowager Baroness Monson: 2d cous.
to Arthur-Algernon Coningsby, Esq.,
(mar. to the 3d sister of the Duke of
St. Alban’s): 3d cous, to Baron Mon-
son. The Countess is 2d cous. to the
Earl of Granard.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Wootton
Bassett.
49. CLEVELAND, (1st) Marquess
of, . . . . . . . Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. William-Harry Vane.
O.T. Earl of Darlington . • * 1754
Viscount Barnard . . . . ;
Baron Barnard of B. Castle,
Durham . . . . . . . -
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Vice Admiral of
the County Palatine of Durham.
Bn. 27th July . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl of
Darlington, 8th Sept. . . . 1792
Mar. First, Katherine, dr. of
Harry, 6th and last Duke of
Bolton, 19th Sept. . . . 1787
Second, Miss E. Russel, of New-
ton House, Yorkshire, 27th
July . . . . . . . . 1813
H. Ap. Henry, Earl of Dar-
lington, M.P. for Saltash (mar.
to Sophia, eld, dr. of John, 4th
Earl Powlett), born 16th Aug. 1788
To. Res. 17, St. James's-square.
Co. Se: Raby Castle, near Darlington,
Durham; Newton House, Yorkshire.
Rel. Besides the Member for Saltash,
the Marquess is, also, father to Lord
Wm.-John-Frederick Powlett (Vane),
M.P. for the county of Durham,
(mar. to Caroline, 5th dr. of William,
first Earl of Lonsdale); fa.-in-law to
Mark Milbanke, Esq., M.P. for
Camelford; and to Lieut.-Col. Mey-
rick, of the 3d Foot Guards.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Camelford;
two Members for Ilchester; two Mem-
bers for Winchelsea.
250. CLIFFORD, Baron,
of Chudleigh, Devon . Y. of C. 1672
N. & S. Chas. Clifford, F.S.A.
Bn. 28th Nov. . . . . . 1759
Suc. his brother, as 7th Baron,
15th Jan. . . . . . . . 1793
Mar. Eleanor-Mary, yst, dr. of
Henry, 8th Lord Arundel, of
Wardour, 29th Nov. . . . 1786
H. Ap. Hugh-Charles, mar. to
Mary-Lucy, dr. of Thomas
Weld, Esq., of Lullworth Castle,
Dorset, born 22d May . . . 1790
To. Res. 8, Mansfield-street, Portland-
place.
Co. Se. Ugbrook Park, Devonshire;
and East Park Hall, Lancashire.
Rel. His Lordship is fa.-in-law to the
Hon. Charles-Langdale Stourton, who
is brother, and to the Hon. Charles
Stourton, who is eld, son and heir, to
Baron Stourton. The Clifford and
Stourton families are further connected,
insomuch that the wife of the Hon.
Hugh-Charles Clifford (eldest son and
heir to Baron Clifford) is niece to Ba-
roness Stourton (sister to T. Weld, Esq.
of Lulworth, who in 1826 was conse-
crated Catholic Bishop of Amyclea,
—a Cardinal on the 15th of March,
1830, and raised to the Papal chair
in 1831). The Baroness is, likewise,
2d cous. and aunt to the present Ba-
ron Arundel of Wardour.
Lord Clifford, being a CATHolic, was
not admitted to a seat in the House of
Peers until the passing of the Relief
Bill in 1829.


245. CLIFTON, Baron,
of Leighton Bromswold, Co. Hun-
tingdon . . . . . Y. of C. 1608
N. & S. John Bligh, F.R.S. & D.C.L.
O. T. I. P. EARL of DARN-
LEY . . . . . . . . 1725
Viscount Darnley, of Athboy,
Meath Co. . . . . . . 1722
Baron Clifton, of Rathmore . 1721
Offi. Hereditary High Steward of Graves-
end and Milton, in Kent.
Bn. 30th June . . . . . . 1767
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl, 31st
July . . . . . . . . . 1781
Mar. Elizabeth, 3rd dr. of the
Rt. Hon. William Brownlow,
of Lurgan, Co. Armagh, 19th
Sept. . . . . . . . .
H. An. Edward, Lord Clifton,
(mar, to Emma-Jane, 2d dr. of

1791
CLIN (
COMB
164 )
Sir Henry Parnell, Bart., M. P.
for Queen’s Co. Ireland), born
25th Feb. . . . . . . 1795
Co. Se. Cobham Hall, near Gravesend,
Kent; and Rathmore, Co. Meath,
Ireland.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to Lieut.
Gen. the Hon. Edward Bligh; and to
the Hon. Wm. Bligh, a Col. in the
Army (bro.-in-law to the Earl of Gal-
loway): bro.-in-law to Sir Lawrence-
Vaughan Palk, Bart., M.P. for Ash-
burton; and to the present Marquess
of Londonderry (whose first wife was
his Lordship's yst. sister): fa.-in-law
and bro.-in-law to Charles Brownlow,
Esq. of Lurgan, M.P. for Armagh Co.
234. CLINTON, Baron,
of Maxtock, Warwickshire Y. of C. 1298
N. & S. Robert-Cotton-St. John Tre-
fusis.
Offi. One of the Lords of His Majesty's
Bedchamber.
A Lieutenant-Colonel in the Army.
Aide-de-Camp to the King.
High Steward of Huntingdon.
Bn. 28th April . . . . . . 1787
Suc. his father, as 16th Baron,
28th Aug. . . . . . . . 179
Mar. Frances-Isabella, eld, dr. of
William S. Poyntz, Esq. of
Cowdray Park, Sussex, 4th Aug. 1814
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Charles Rodolphus Trefusis.
Co. Se. Trefusis Castle, Cornwall.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Hon. and Rev.
Edward-Geo. Moore (bro. to the Earl
of Mountcashel), and to Baron Rolle.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Ashburton.
359. COLCHESTER, Baron,
of C. Essex . . . Y. of C. 1817
N. & S. Charles Abbot.
Offi. A Post Captain in the Navy.
Bn, 12th March . . . . . . 1798
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 8th
May . . . . . . . . . 1829
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Philip-Henry Abbot, Barrister-at-Law.
Co. Se. Kidbrooke, Sussex.
Rel. His Lordship is son to the late Rt.
Hon. Charles Abbot, Speaker of the
House of Commons from 1802 to 1817,
then elevated to the Upper House of
Parliament, as Baron Colchester.
256. COLVILLE, Baron,
of Culross, Clackmannanshire
Y. of C. 1609
A Representative Peer of Scot-
land; elected Sept. 2 . . . . . 1830
N. & S. John Colville.
Offi. A Rear-Admiral of the Red.
Bn, in . . . . . . . . . 1768
Suc., his father, as 10th Baron,
8th March . . . . . .
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of Francis
Forde, Esq. in . . . . . 1790
H. Pre. His Lordship’s brother, Lieut.-
Gen. the Hon. Sir Charles Colville,
G.C.B.
To. Res. 29, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Broomwell House, near Bristol.
Rel. The Baroness is niece to Sir Fran-
cis Forde, Bart.
202. COMBERMERE, (1st) Vis-
count, of C., Co. Chester Y. of C. 1826
N. & S. Stapleton Cotton, G.C.B.
K. G. H. K.T.S.
O. T. First Baron Combermere . 1814
A Baronet . . . . . 1677
Offi. Governor of Sheerness.
A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Late Commander-in-Chief of the Army
in the East Indies.
Colonel of the 3d Regt. of Dragoons.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . 1769
Suc. his father, as 6th Baronet . 1807
Mar. First, Anna-Maria, eld, dr, of
Thos., 3rd Dukeof Newcastle.
Second, Caroline, 2d dr. of
William-FulkeGreville, Esq.,
22d June . . . . . 1814
H. Ap. The Hon. Wellington
Cotton, born 24th Nov. . . 1818
Res. India.
Co. Se. Combermere Abbey, Cheshire.
Re!. Bro.-in-law to the Duke of New-
i. and to Sir H. M. Mainwaring,
art,
45. CONYNGHAM, (1st) Marquess
Y. of C. 1816
A Representative Peer of Ireland
for life (but possessing an here-
ditary seatin the House of Peers,
as First BARoN MINstER,
of Minster Abbey, Kent, U.K.
July 9, 1821); elected in. . . 1800
N. & S. Henry Conyngham, K.P.
F.S.A. and M.R.I.A.
O. T. I. P. First Earl Conyng-
ham . . . . . . . . 1797
First Earl of Mount-Charles 1816
First Viscount Slane -
First Viscount Conyngham, of
Mount-Charles . . . . 1789
CORN (
COVE
165 )
First Viscount Mount-Charles. 1797
Baron Conyngham, of Mount-
Charles . . . . . . . 1753
Offi. A Lieutenant-General in the Army.
One of the Governors of the County
Donegal.
Cust. Rot. of the County Clare.
Late Lord Steward of the King’s
Household.
Privy Councillor in England.
Late Judge of the Marshalsea Court,
and the Court of the King's Palace.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Pn. 26th Dec. . . . . . 1766
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron Conyng-
ham, 22d May . . . . . 1787
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of Joseph-
Denison, Esq., a merchant in
London, 5th July . . . . .
H. Ap. Francis Nathaniel, Earl
of Mount Charles, M.P. for
Donegalshire, late a Lord of the
Treasury, Master of the Robes
to the King, and first Groom of
His Majesty's Bedchamber
(mar, to Jane, dr.ofthe Marquess
of Anglesey), born 11th June - 1797
To. Res. 5, Hamilton Place, Piccadilly.
Co. Se.. Slane Castle, Co. Meath; and
Mount-Charles, Co. Donegal.
Rel. Father to one of the Members for
Donegalshire; and to Lord Albert
Conyngham, Secretary to the Ambas-
sador in Prussia: fa.-in-law to Lord
Strathaven, M.P. for Huntingdonshire,
(son of the Earl of Aboyne, Baron Mel-
drum, of Morvern, English Peerage):
brother to Sir Francis—Nathaniel Bur-
ton (Conyngham), G.C.B., Governor
of Canada (mar. to Valentina-Alicia,
sister to Lord Cloncurry); and to Wil-
liam-Joseph Denison, Esq. M.P. for
Surrey. The Marchioness is aunt to
John-Evelyn Denison, Esq. (son-in-
law to the Duke of Portland).
1794
103. CORNWALLIS, Earl,
of Eye, in Suffolk . Y. of C. 1753
N. & S. James Mann.
O. T. Viscount Brome . . 1753
Baron Cornwallis - - . 1661
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1627
Bn. 20th Sept. . . . . . . 1778
Suc. his father (who was, also,
Bishop of Lichfield and Coven-
try and Dean of Durham), as
5th Earl, 20th Jan. . . . .
Mar. Maria-Isabella, dr, of Fran-
1824
cis Dickins, Esq. late M.P. for
Northampton, Dec. . . . . 1804
H. Ap. Charles-James, Viscount
Brome, born 17th Dec. . . . 1813
To. Res. 6, Hill-street, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Linton Place, near Maidstone,
Kent.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to Baroness
Braybrooke; to the lady of Lord Eliot,
M.P. for Liskeard (son of the Earl of
St. Germans, and late a Lord of the
Treasury); and to the lady of Chas.
Ross, Esq. M.P. for St. Germans.
74. COVENTRY, Earl of,
Co. Warwick . . . Y. of C. 1697
N. & S. George-William Coventry.
O. T. Viscount Deerhurst, Co.
Gloucester . . . . . . 1697
Baron Coventry, of Ailesbury . 1628
Offi. Lord Lieutenant and Cust. Rot. of
Worcestershire.
Recorder of Worcester City.
High Steward of Tewkesbury.
Bn. 28th April . . .
Suc. his father, as 7th
Sept. . . . . . . .
Mar. Peggy, 2d. dr. and coheiress
of Sir Abraham Pitches, Knt. of
Streatham, Surrey . . . . 1783
H. Ap. George-William, Viscount
Deerhurst(mar. first, to Emma-
Susanna, 2d dr. of the First
Earl Beauchamp; second, to
Mary, dr. of Aubrey, 6th Duke
of St. Alban's), born 16th Oct. 1784
To. Res. 106, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Croome Court, near Upton,
and Springhill, Worcestershire.
Rel. His Lordship is fa.-in-law to Sir
Roger Gresley, Bart. M. P. for Dur-
ham; and is connected, by the marriage
of Viscount Deerhurst, with the families
of Beauchamp, and St. Alban’s; the
first Viscountess being sister to Earl
Beauchamp, and the second being cousin
to the present Duke of St. Alban's.

. . . 1758
Earl, 3d
. 1809



184, COURTENAY, Wiscount,
of Powderham Castle, Devonshire
Y. of C. 1762
N. & S. William Courtenay.
O. T. A Baronet . . . - 1644
Bn. 30th July . . . - 1768
Suc. his father, as 3d Viscount,
14th Dec. . . . . . . . 1788
H. Pre. to the Baronetcy, his Lordship's
3d cousin, William Courtenay, Esq.,
Clerk Assistant to the House of Lords.

COWL (
CRAV.
166 )
and son of the Rt. Rev. Henry-Regi-
nald Courtenay, Lord Bishop of Exe-
ter (who died in 1803).
Res. Paris.
Co. Se. Powderham Castle, Devonshire.
Rel. His Lordship is 3d cousin to the
Earl of Aylesford; to the Clerk of Par-
liament above-mentioned; and to the
Rt. Hon. Thos.-Peregrine Courtenay,
M.P. for Totness, a Privy Councillor,
Vice-Pres, of the Board of Trade, and
a Commissioner for the Affairs of
India: bro.-in-law to Baron Carteret.
387. COWLEY, (1st) Baron,
Wellesley, Co. Somerset Y. of C. 1828
. & S. Henry Wellesley, G.C.B.
Offi. Ambassador Eatraordinary and
Plenipotentiary at the Austrian
Court, which office he has filled
many years.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
Bn. 20th Jan. . . . . . . 1773
Mar. First, Charlotte, 2d dr. of
Charles, First Earl of Cadogan
(now Marchioness of Angle-
sey), 26th Sept. . . . 1803
Second, Georgiana - Charlotte-
Augusta, eld, dr. of James,
First Marquess of Salisbury,
Feb. . .
H. Ap. Henry
17th July . . . . .
Res. Vienna.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the
Marquess of Wellesley ; to Baron
Maryborough ; to the Duke of Wel-
lington; and to the Hon. and Rev.
Gerald-Valerian Wellesley, D.D.,
Prebendary of Durham, Rector of
Chelsea, and Chaplain to the late
King : uncle to the Marquess of
Douro, M.P. for Aldeburgh ; and to
the Hon. William-Wellesley-Pole-
Tylney Long, M.P. for St. Ives: bro-
in-law to the Marquess of Salisbury.
. . . . . . 1816
Wellesley, born
. . 1804
87. COWPER, Earl, Y. of C. 1718
N. & S. Peter-Leopold-Louis-Francis
Cowper, F.R.S.
O. T. Viscount Fordwich . . 1718
Baron Cooper, of Wingham,
Kent . . . . . . . 1706
A Baronet . . . . . . . . 1642
A Count of the Holy Roman
Empire . . . . . . . 1778
Bn, 6th May . . . . . 1778
Suc. his brother, as 5th Earl, 12th
Feb. . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Amelia-Mary, dr. of Penis-
ton, First Viscount Melbourne,
21st July - - - - - -
H. Ap. George-Augustus-Fre-
derick, Viscount Fordwich, M.P.
for Canterbury, born 26th June 1806
To. Res. 11, Little Maddox-street,
Hanover-square.
Co. Se. Colne Green, and Pensangar,
Herts; and Ratling Court, Kent.
fel. Father to one of the Members for
Canterbury, bro.-in-law to Viscount
Melbourne, Secretary of State for the
Home Department; to the Rt. Hon.
Frederick Lamb, G.C.B., late Envoy
Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo-
tentiary to the Court of Spain; and to
the Hon. George Lamb, M.P. for
Dungarvon.
141. CRAVEN, Earl, Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. William Craven.
O. T. Viscount Uffington, of
U, Berks . . . . . . 1770
Baron Craven, of Hampstead
Marshall, Berks . . . . 1645
Bn, 18th July . . . . . . 1809
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 30th
July . . . . . . . . . 1825
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. George-Augustus Craven.
To. Res. Clarendon-hotel, 169, New
Bond-street.
Co. Se. Hampstead Lodge, Barham
Place, and Ashdown Park, all in
Berkshire ; Coombe Abbey, near
Coventry.
342. CREWE, Baron,
of C., Cheshire . . . Y. of C. 1806
N. & S. John Crewe.
Offi. A Lieut. General.
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 28th
April . . . . . . . . 1829
Mar. Miss Hungerford, of Calne 1807
Co. Se. Crewe Hall, near Nampt-
wich, Cheshire.
2. CUMBERLAND AND TIVIOT-
DALE, His Royal Highness the
(1st) Duke of . - - . . 1799
N. & S. Prince Ernest-Augustus, K.G.
G.C.B. K.S.P. G.C.H. and F.R.S.
O.T. I.P. EARL of ARMAGH 1799
Offi. A Field Marshal.
President of the Board of General
Officers, and of the Royal Naval
Asylum.
1799
1805
DACR (
DART
167 )
Chancellor of the University of Dublin.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn. June 5th . . . . . 1771
Mar. Princess Frederica-Sophia-
Charlotte, dr. of Frederick, 5th
Grand Duke of Mecklenburg
Strelitz, and widow of Frederick
William, Prince of Salms-
Braunfels, 29th May . . . 1815
H. Ap. Prince George-Frederick-
Alexander - Ernest - Augustus,
born 27th May . . . . 1819
To Res. Ambassador's Court, St.
James's Palace.
Co. Se. Kew Green, Middlesex.
Rel. His Royal Highness being 5th
son of his late Majesty, King George
III., stands in the same relationship
to his present Majesty and the rest of
the Royal Family, as the Duke of
Cambridge.
235. DACRE, Baron,
of Gillesland, Cumberland Y. of C. 1307
N. & S. Thomas Brand.
Bn. March 15th . . . . .
... his mother, as 19th Baron,
Oct. 3d . . . . . . .
Mar. Barbarina, widow of Valen-
tine Wilmot, Esq. of Farn-
borough, and dr. of the late Ad-
miral Sir Chaloner Ogle, Bart.,
Dec. . . . . . . . . 1819
To. Res. 2, Chesterfield-street, May Fair.
Co. Se. The Hoo, near Welwyn,
Hertfordshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to Major
Gen. the Hon. Henry Trevor (for-
merly Brand), C.B., heir pres. to the
Barony.
352. DALHOUSIE,(1st) Baron,
of D. Castle, Co. Edinburgh, U.K.
Y. of C.
N. & S. George Ramsay, G.C.B.
0.T. I.P. EARL of DALHous IE,
in Mid Lothian - - -
Baron Ramsay, of Dalhousie
and Kerrington . . . . 1618
A Lieut. Gen.
Col. of the 26th Reg. of Foot.
Bn. Oct. 23d . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 9th Earl,
Nov. 4th . . . . . . .
Mar. Christian, only dr. and
heiress of Charles Brown, Esq.
of Coalston, Haddingtonshire, in
H. Ap. George, Lord Ramsay,
born 3d Aug. - - - -
1815
1633
1770
1787
1805
1806
Co. Se. Dalhousie Castle, Mid Lothian;
and Coalston, Haddingtonshire.
Rel. His Lordship is eld, brother to
William Maule (formerly Ramsay),
Esq. of Panmure, M.P. for the County
of Forfar; and to Maj. Gen. the
Hon. James Ramsay.

84. DARTMOUTH, Earl of,
of D., Devonshire . . Y. of C. 1711
N. & S. William Legge, D.C.L.F.R.S.
and F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount Lewisham . . 1711
Baron Dartmouth . . . . 1682
Offi. Col. of the Staffordshire Militia.
Bn. Nov. 29th . . . . . 1784
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl, Nov.
2d . . . . . . . . . 1810
Md. First, Charlotte-Frances, dr.
of Chas., present Earl Talbot 1821
Secondly, Frances, 2d dr. of
George, present Viscount
Barrington, Oct. 25th . . 1828
H. Ap. William-Walter, Wiscount
Lewisham, born August 12th
To. Res. 12, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Sandwel Park, Staffordshire ;
Woodshal Hall, Huddersfield, York-
shire; and Blackheath, Kent.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to
Earl Talbot; to Viscount Barrington;
to Baron Bagot; to the Hon. and
Rev. George-Neville Grenville, Master
of Magdalen College, Cambridge;
and to Lieut.-Gen. Sir Edward Paget,
G.C.B.

1823

307. DAWNAY, Baron,
of Cowick, Yorkshire, G.B.
Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. John-Christopher-Burton Daw-
nay.
O. T. A Baronet . . . 1642
I.P. Viscount Down E, of Co.
Downe . . . . . . . 1680
Offi. Colonel of the 2d West York Mi-
litia.
Bn. Nov. 15th - . . . 1764
Suc. his father, as 5th Viscount,
Dec. 21st - - - - -
Mar. Louisa, dr. of George Wel-
sted, Esq. of Apsley, Dec. 31st 1815
H. Pre. to the Irish Honours, his Lord-
ship's brother, the Hon. and Rev.
Wm -Henry-Burton Dawnay, A.M.
To. Res. 11, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Cowick Hall, & Danby Lodge,
Yorkshire.
1780

DE CLIF (
168 ) DELA
232. DE CLIFFORD, Baron,
of C. Castle, Herefordshire Y. of C. 1269
N. & S. Edward Southwell Clifford,
D.C.L.
Bn. June 20th . . . . . . . 1767
Suc. his father, as 18th Baron,
Nov. 1st . . . . . . .
Mar. Mary-Elizabeth, dr. of His
Grace Joseph, Lord Archbishop
of Tuam, and 3d Earl of Mayo 1789
H. and Hss. Pre. His Lordship’s
nephew and nieces, the progeny of his
three deceased sisters, among whom
the Barony is likely (the fourth time)
to fall into abeyance.
To. Res. 3, Carlton House Terrace,
Pall-Mall.
Co. Sc. King's Weston Park, near Bris-
tol.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to
the Earl of Albemarle: uncle to Vis-
count Sydney; to Viscount Bury; to
the lady of John Russel, Esq. (son
to Lord Wm. Russel); and to the
Hon. Sophia Mary Townsend, and
Mary Elizabeth Cholmondeley (sisters
to Viscount Sydney).
Parl. Pat. The Member for Kinsale.
3.10. DE DUNSTANVILLE & BAS-
SET, (1st) Baron,
of Tehidy and Stratton, Cornwall, G. B.
Y. of C. 1796 and 1797
N. & S. Francis Basset, D.C.L.
O. T. A. Baronet . . . . . 1779
Offi. Recorder of Penryn.
Bn. Aug. 9th . . . . . 1757
Mar. first, Frances-Susannah, dr.
of J.-H. Coxe, Esq. of Stone-
Easton, in . . . . . .
Secondly, Harriet, dr. of Sir W.
Lemon, Bart. . . . . .
Hss. Ap. His Lordship's only
child and daughter Frances,
born April 30th . . . . 1781
To. Res. South Place, Knightsbridge.
Co. Se, Tehidy Park, Cornwall.
1780
1824
396. DE GREY, (1st) Countess,
of Wrest, Beds. . . Y. of C. 1816
N. & S. Amabella-Hume Campbell.
O. T. Baroness Lucas, of Crud-
well, Wilts. . . . . . . 1663
Bn. Jan. 22d . . . . . . 1751
Suc. her mother, the Marchioness
De Grey, in the Barony of Lu-
cas, Jan. 10th . . . . .
Mar. Alexander, Lord Polwarth,
afterwards Lord Hume in the
1797
Peerage of Great Britain, 20th
May . . . - . 1776
Hss. Pre. Her Ladyship’s sister, Mary-
Jemima, Dowager Baroness of Gran-
tham.
To. Res. 4, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Wrest House, Silsoe, Bedford-
shire ; and Putney-heath, Surrey.
Rel. Widow of Lord Hume (son to the
late Earl of Marchmont): sister to the
Dowager Baroness of Grantham: aunt
to Baron Grantham, and to Viscount
Goderich.
369. DELAMERE,(1st) Baron,
of Vale Royal, Cheshire Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Thomas Cholmondeley.
Bn, in . . . . . . . . , 1767
Mar. Henrietta-Elizabeth, yst. dr.
of Sir Watkin-Williams Wynn,
Bart., Dec. 17th . . . . . 1810
H. Ap. Hugh Cholmondeley,
born 3d Oct. . . . 1811
Co. Se. Vale Royal, Cheshire.
Rel. Son-in-law to the Member for Den-
bighshire. The Baroness is cousin
to the Duke of Buckingham ; to the
Baroness Arundel of Wardour; and
to Lord Nugent, M.P. for Aylesbury:
niece to the Right Hon. C.-Watkins-
W. Wynn, M.P. for Montgomery-
shire; and to the Hon. Henry-Watkins
Wynn, late Minister Plenipotentiary
to the Swiss Cantons.
106. DELAWARR, Earl
Y. of C. 1761
N. & S. George-John West.
O. T. Viscount Cantalupe . . 1761
Baron Delawarr . . . . 1294
Baron West . , 1342
Bn. Oct. 26th . . . . . . 1791
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl, July
28th . . . . . . . . . 1795
Mar. Elizabeth, yst. dr. of John-
Frederick, 3d Duke of Dorset,
June 21st . . . . . . .
H. Ap. George-John-Frederick,
Viscount Cantalupe, born April
25th . . . . . . . . 1814
To. Res. 17, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Bourne House, Caxton, Cam-
bridgeshire; & Buckhurst Park, East
Grinstead, Sussex.
Rel. The Countess is cousin to the
Duke of Dorset.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for East Grin-
stead.
1813
DENB (
DE ROS
169 )

55. DENBIGH, Earl of, Y.ofC. 1622
N. & S. Basil-Percy Fielding.
O. T. Viscount and Baron Field-
ing, of Newnham Paddox - 1620
Baron St. Liz . . . . . 1633
I.P. EARL of DEs Mon
Viscount Callan . . 1622
Baron Fielding . . . .
Count Hapsburgh, of the Ger-
man Empire.
Offi. A Trustee of Rugby School.
Bn. March 25th . . . . 1796
Suc, his grandfather, as 7th Earl,
July 14th . . . . . . . 1801
Mar. Mary-Elizabeth-Kitty, eld.
dr. of Thos., present Lord Du-
cie, May 8th . . . 1822
H. Ap. Rodolph-William-Basil,
Viscount Fielding, born April
9th . . . . . . . . . 1823
To. Res. 18, Eaton-place, Belgrave-
square.
Co. Se. Mortinsthorpe, Northampton-
shire; and Newnham Paddox, near
Lutterworth, co. Warwick.
Rel. Son-in-law to Baron Ducie.
51. DERBY, Earl of Y.of C. 1485
N. & S. Edward-Smith Stanley, M.A.
O. T. Baron Stanley . & 1627
A Baronet . . . . . . §
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of
Lancashire.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn. Sept. 18th . . . . . .
Suc. his grandfather, as 12th Earl,
Feb. 24th . . . . . . .
Mar. First, Elizabeth, only dr. of
James, 6th Duke of Hamilton
and Brandon, June 23d . . 1774
Secondly, Miss Farren, a cele-
brated actress, of the Theatre
Royal CoventGarden, May 1st
H. Ap. Edward, Lord Stanley,
M.P. for Lancashire, born April
21st . . . . . . . . . 1775
To. Res. 23, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Knowsley Park, near Prescot,
Lancashire; and The Oaks, Wood-
manstone, Surrey.
.Father to Lord Stanley, M.P. for
1752
1776
1797
Lancashire: grandfather to the Hon.
Edward-G. Stanley, Chief Secretary of
State for Ireland; fa.-in-law to the
Earl of Wilton.
398. DE ROS, Baroness,
of Hamlake Castle, Yorks. Y. of C. 1264
Premier Baroness of England.
N. & S. Charlotte-Fitzgerald De Ros.
Suc. as 3d Baroness (the Barony
had been in abeyance since 1687,
from the decease of George, 2d
Duke of Buckingham, who was
18th Baron De Ros), May 9th 1806
Mar. Lord Henry Fitzgerald,
4th son of James, First Duke of
Leinster, Aug. 4th . . . 1791
H. Ap. Henry-William, born in 1792
To, Ites. 7, Stratford-place.
Co. Se, Strangford, Downshire; and
Boyle Farm, Kent.
Rel. Widow of Lord Henry Fitzgerald.
Her Ladyship's 2d son William-Len-
nox-Lascelles, is married to Georgiana,
sister to the Duke of Richmond.



378. DE TABLEY, Baron,
of T. House, Cheshire Y. of C. 1826
M. & S. George Leycester.
O. T. A. Baronet of Ireland . . 1671
Bn. Oct. 28th . . . . . 1811
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, in
June . . . . . . . . 1827
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Henry-Leycester Fleming.
Co. Se. Tabley House, Cheshire.
His Lordship is a MINort.

17. DEVONSHIRE, Duke of,
Y. of C. 1694
N. & S. William-Spencer Cavendish,
K.G. K.A. D.C.L.
O. T. Marquess of Hartington . 1694
Earl of Devonshire . . . . 1618
Baron Cavendish of Hardwicke 1605
Baron Clifford . . . . . . 1628
Offi. Lord Chamberlain of the King's
Household *, Lord Lieut. and Cust.
Rot. of Derbyshire.
High Steward of Derby.
A Privy Councillor.
* The Lord Chamberlain has control over the King's chamber (excepting the
Bedchamber, which is under the Groom of the Stole), the Royal wardrobe, and the
chaplains, physicians, heralds, comedians, huntsmen, messengers, handicrafts, and
artisans belonging to the Royal household. He is likewise the licenser of plays, and
all productions brought out at the Theatres Royal. It is his business also to inspect
the charges of coronations, Royal marriages, public entries, cavalcades, and funerals;
and all furniture for and in the houses of parliament.

2.
DIGB (
DONE
170 )
Late Ambassador Eartraordinary at
the Russian Court.
Bn. May 21st . . . . . . 1790
Suc. his father, as 6th Duke,
July 29th . . . . . . . . 1811
H. Pre. His Grace's uncle, Lord Geo.-
Augustus-Henry Cavendish, M.P. for
Derbyshire.
To. Res. Devonshire House, 78, Picca-
dilly.
Co. Se. Chatsworth House, & Hardwicke
Hall, Derbyshire; Chiswick House,
Middlesex; Londesborough and Bol-
ton Abbey, Yorkshire; and Lismore
Castle, Waterford, Ireland.
Rel. His Grace is bro.-in-law to the Earl
of Carlisle and to Viscount Granville:
nephew to Lord G.-A.-H. Cavendish,
M.P. for Derbyshire: 2d cous. to the
Hon. W. Cavendish, M.P. for Cam-
bridge University; cousin to the Hon.
H.-F.-C. Cavendish, M.P. for Derby.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Derbyshire;
one Member for Derby; two Members
for Knaresborough ; one Member for
Dungarvon; one Member for Youg-
hall.
120. DIGBY, Earl,
Co. Lincoln . . . Y. of C, 1790
N. & S. Edward Digby, D.C.L.
O. T. Viscount Coleshill, Co.
Warwick . . . . . . 1790
Baron Digby, of Sherborne,
Dorset . . . . . . . 1765
I.P. Baron Digby, of Greashill 1620
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of
Dorsetshire, and of the Town of Poole.
Bn. Jan. 6th . . . . . . . 1773
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, Sept.
25th . . . . . . . . . 1793
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. and Rev. Robert Digby, A.M.
To. Res. 35, Lower Brook-street, Gros-
venor-square.
Co. Se. Sherborne Castle, Dorset; and
Coles-hill, Warwickshire.
66. DONCASTER, Earl of,
Co. York . . . . . Y. of C. 1662
N. & S. Walter-Francis-Montague-Scott
Douglas, K.T.
O. T. Baron Tynedale, Northum-
berland . . . . . . . 1662
S. P. DUKE of BUccLEUGH
and QUEEN's BERRY 1684 & 1673
Marquess of Dumfries-shire.
Earl of Drumlanrigg and San-
quhar . . . . 1682
Earl of Buccleugh and Dal-
keith . . 1619 &
Wiscount Nith, Thorthorwold,
and Ross.
Baron Douglas of Kinmount,
Middlebie, Dornoch, & Drum-
1673
lanrigg.
Baron Whitchester and Esk-
dale . . . . . . . . 1673
Lord Scott of Buccleugh . 1606
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Sheriff-Principal
of Mid-Lothian.
President of the Horticultural Society
of Edinburgh.
Bn. Nov. 25th . . . . . . 1806
Suc. his father, as 5th Duke of
Buccleugh, and 7th Duke of
Queensberry, 20th June . 1819
Mar. Charlotte-Anne Thynne
yst. dr. of the present Marquess
of Bath, Aug. 14th . . . . 1829
H. Pre. His Grace's brother, Ld.
John-Scott Douglas, born 13th
July . . . . . . . . . 1809
To. Res. Montague House, Whitehall
Gardens.
Co. Se. Boughton House, near Kettering,
Northamptonshire; Richmond, Sur-
rey; Dalkeith House, near Edin-
burgh; Langholm Castle, and Drum-
lanrigg Castle, Dumfries-shire; and
Bowhill, Selkirkshire.
Rel. Son-in-law to the Marquess of
Bath: bro.-in-law to Viscount Stop-
ford (son and heir to the Earl of Cour-
town); to the Hon. Peregrine-Francis
Custóbro. to Earl Brownlow), M.P. for
Clitheroe; to Viscount Weymouth;
to Lords William Thynne and H.-
F. Thynne, both Members for Weo-
bly; to the Countess Cawdor; and
to the lady of the Hon. H. Las-
celles (2d son to the Earl of Hare-
wood), M.P. for Northallerton. The
Duchess is niece to Baron Carteret;
and to Lord John Thynne, M.P.
for Bath ; cousin to the Earl of
Chesterfield; and to Viscount St.
Asaph.
186. DONERAILE, Viscount,
of D., Co. Cork . . . Y. of C. 1785
A Representative Peer of Ireland, elect-
ed for Life.
N. & S. Heayes St. Leger.
Offi. A Gov. of the Co. of Cork.
Suc. his father, as 2d Wiscount . 1830
Co. Sº, Doneraile House, near Cork.

DORC 1 ) DOWN
(
-
17
200. DORCHESTER, Baron,
of D., Oxfordshire . . Y. of C. 1786
N. & S. Guy Carleton.
Bn. Oct. 25th - . 1811
Suc. his cousin, as 3d Baron,
June 3d - -
H. Pre. His Lordship's uncle, the Hon.
and Rev. Richard Carleton, A.M.
Co. Se. Stuffings, Berkshire ;
Esholt, Yorkshire.
Rel. His Lordship, who is a MINort, is
nephew to the Baroness Bolton.
and
246. DORMER, Baron,
of Wenge, Bucks . Y. of C. 1615
N. & S. Joseph-Thaddeus Dormer.
O. T. A. Baronet . . 1615
Offi. A Colonel in the Hungarian Army.
Suc. his cousin, as 11th Baron,
Dec. 9th . . - . 1826
Mar. Anne, eld. dr. of Sir Henry
Tichborne, Bart., May 5th . 1829
Co. Se. Peterley Lodge, Bucks ; and
Grove Park, near Warwick.
Rel. His Lordship is a CATHolic, and
3d cousin to the Earl of Shrewsbury.
23. DORSET, Duke of Y. of C. 1720
N. & S. Charles-Sackville Germaine,
K.G.
O. T. Earl of Dorset and Mid-
dlesex . - . 1603 & 1675
Viscount Sackville . . . 1782
Baron Bolebroke, Cranfield, &
Buckhurst 1782, 1675, & 1567
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Bn. Aug. 27th - - - 767
Suc. his cousin, as 5th Duke, Feb.
14th . . . . . . 1815
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. George Sackville Germaine.
To. Res. 52, Harley-street.
Co. Sº. Drayton House, near Thrap-
ston, Northamptonshire.
- -
294. DOUGLAS, Baron,
of D. Castle, Lanark. G.B. Y. of C. 1790
N. & S. Archibald Douglas.
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Hereditary She-
riff of Lanarkshire.
. 1773
Bn. March 25th
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron,
Dec. 26th . . . . . 1827
H. Ap. The Hon. A. Douglas.
Co. Se. Douglas and Bothwell Castle,
Lanarkshire; and Amesbury, Wilt-
shire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to
Baron Montague.
230. DOWN and CONNOR, Lord
Bishop of, consecrated in . 1820
A Representative Irish Bishop,
for sess. . . . . . . . 1831
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Richard Mant, D.D.
Res. Knocknagoney Palace, Belfast.

273. DUCIE, Baron,
of Tortworth, Gloucestershire
Y. of C. 1763
N. & S. Thomas-Reynolds Moreton,
F.S.A.
Bn. Aug. 31 . . . . . . 1776
Suc. his father, as 4th Baron,
Aug. 20th . . . 1808
Mar. Frances, dr. of Henry, First
Earl of Caernarvon, Dec. 5 . 1797
H.A.p. Henry-Geo. Francis, born
8th May , 1802
To...Res. 36, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Tortworth Court, Spring Park,
Gloucestershire.
Rel, Fa.-in-law to the Earl of Denbigh,
and to J.-H. Langston, Esq. M. P.
for the City of Oxford. His Lordship's
eld. son and heir is married to Eliza-
beth, eld. dr. of Baron Sherborne.
176. DUDLEY, (1st) Earl of,
of D. Castle, Staffordshire
Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. John-William Ward, F.R.S.
O. T. Viscount Dudley and Ward 1763
Viscount Ednam, of E., Rox-
burghshire . 1827
Baron Ward, of Birmingham,
Warwickshire . . . . 1643
Offi. Recorder of Kidderminster.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn. Aug. 9 . . . . . . 1781
Suc. his father, as 4th Viscount
Dudley and Ward, April 25 . 1823
To. Res. 9, Park-lane.
Co. Se. Hemley Hall, Sedgeley Park,
and Dudley Castle, Staffordshire.
-

323. DUFFERIN & CLANEBOY,
Baron, - Y. of C. 1800
A Representative Peer of Ire-
land for life; elected in . . 1820
N. & S. James-Stevenson Blackwood.
O. T. A Baronet.
Offi. A Governor of Downshire.
Col. of the North Downshire Militia.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. July 8th . . . . 1755
Suc. his mother, who was First
Baroness, Feb. 8 . . . 1807
DUNA (
DURH
172 )
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. and Rev. John Blackwood.
To. Res. 17, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Ballyleidy House, Downshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Sir Henry Blackwood, Bart. K.C.B.
and Rear-Admiral of the Blue.
324. DUNALLY, Baron,
of Kilboy, Co. Tipperary Y. of C. 1800
A Representative Peer of Ire-
1and for life; elected in . . 1829
N. & S. Henry-Sadleir Prittie.
Bn. March 3d . . . . . 1775
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron,
Jan. 3d . . . . . . .
Mar. First, Miss Maria Trant,
niece of John, first Earl of
Clare, 19th July . . . . 1802
Second, Emily-Maude, dr. of
Cornwallis, First Viscount
Hawarden, Feb. 10 . . . 1826
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Francis-Aldborough Prittie, M.P.
for Tipperary.
Co. Res. Dunally Castle, Tipperary.
Rel. Half-brother to the Earl of Charle-
ville : brother to one of the Members
for Tipperary: bro.-in-law to Colonel
Bernard, M.P. for King's County,
Ireland; and to Viscount Hawarden.
189. DUNCAN, Wiscount,
of Camperdown . . Y. of C. 1797
N. & S. Robert-Dundas-Duncan Hal-
dane. .
O. T. Baron Duncan, of Lundie,
Forfarshire . . . . . . . 1797
Bn. March 21 . . . . . . 1785
Suc, his father, the celebrated Ad-
miral Duncan, as 2d Wiscount
and Baron, Aug. 4 . . . 1804
Mar. Jane, dr. of the late Sir H.-
H. Dalrymple, Bart., Jan. 5 - 1805
H. Ap. Adam, born Mar. 25 - 1812
Co. Res. Lundie, Perthshire, and Cam-
perdown, Forfarshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to Sir
H.-D. Hamilton, Bart. ; to Sir G.
Fergusson, Bart.; and to Sir J.-H.
Dalrymple, Bart.
302. DUNDAS, Baron,
of Aske, Yorkshire . . Y. of C. 1794
N. & S. Laurence Dundas, D.C.L.F.S.A.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . 1762
Offi. Lord Mayor of York.
Lord Lieut, and Vice-Admiral of
Orkney and Shetland.
Bn. April 10 . . . . . . . 1766
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron,
June 14 . . . . . . . . 1820
Mar. Harriet, 3d dr. of Gen. Hale,
April 21 . . . . . . . 1794
H. Ap. Thomas, M.P. for York.
born April 5 - . . . . . 1795
To. Res. 17, Hertford-street, May Fair.
Co. Se. Aske Hall, and Upleatham
Park, Yorkshire; Case House, Fal-
kirk, Stirlingshire.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Hon.
Thomas Dundas, M. P. for York:
brother to the Hon. Sir Robert Lau-
rence Dundas, K.C.B., M. P. for
Richmond in Yorkshire: bro.-in-law
to Viscount Milton; and to John-Chas.
Ramsden, Esq. M.P. for Malton.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Rich-
mond.
205. DURHAM, Lord Bishop of,
translated from Llandaff . . 1826
N. & S. Rt. Rev. William-Van Mil-
dert, D.D.
Cons. Bishop of Llandaff in . 1819
Offi. Count Palatine, and Cust. Rot. of
the Principality of Durham.
To. Res. 23, Hanover-square.
Co. Se. Bishop's Palace, and Auckland
Castle, Durham.
N.B. The Bishopric of Durham is in the
Province of York, and comprehends
Durham and Northumberland.

391. DURHAM, (1st) Baron,
of the city of D., . Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. John-George Lambton.
Offi. Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal".
Bn, April 12 . . . . . . 1792
Mar. First, Miss H. Cholmon-
deley, Jan. . . .
. . . 1812
Secondly, Louisa-Elizabeth, dr.
* The Lord Privy Seal is the fifth great officer of the Crown, and always a
member of the King's Council.
Through his hands pass all grants of Charters,
pardons, &c. having the King's signature, to which he puts the King's Privy Seal,
before they pass the Great Seal of England in the hands of the Lord Chancellor.—
Until the reign of Henry VIII: the Lord Privy Seal was usually a Bishop or other
ecclesiastic : since which time the office has generally been conferred upon temporal
Lords above the rank of Baron.
DYNE (
ELDO
173 )
of Charles, 2d Earl Grey,
Dec. 9th . . . . . .
H. Ap. Charles-William, born
Jan. 16 . . . . . . . . 1818
To, Res, 13, Cleveland-row, St. James's.
Co. Se. Lambton Hall, Durham; Copse
Hill, Wimbledon, Surrey.
Rel. His Lordship is son-in-law to Earl
Grey: bro.-in-law to the Hon. H.-F.-
Compton Cavendish, M.P. for Derby :
nephew to the Earl of Jersey.
277. DYNEVOR, Baron,
of D., Co. Caermarthen *Y. of C. 1780
N. & S. George-Talbot Rice.
Offi. Lord Lieutenant, and Cust. Rot.
of Caermarthenshire.
Bn. Oct. 8th . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his mother, as 3d Baron,
March 14 . . . . . 1793
Mar. Frances, dr. of Thomas, First
Viscount Sydney.
H. Ap. George-Rice-Rice Trevor,
M. P. for Caermarthenshire
(mar. to Frances, eld. dr. of
Lord Charles Fitzroy, M.P. for
Thetford) born Aug. 5 . . 1795
To. Res. 34, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Dynevor Castle, Caermarthen-
shire; and Barrington Park, near Bur-
ford, Oxon.
Rel. Father to the Member of Caer-
marthenshire: brother to the Dean
of Gloucester.
100. EGREMONT, Earl of,
Co. Cumberland Y. of C. 1749
N. & S. George-O'Brien Wyndham,
F.R.S. and F.S.A.
O. T. Baron Cockermouth . . . 1749
A Baronet . . . . . . 1661
Offi. Lord Lieutenant and Cust. Rot, of
Sussea.
Bn. Dec. 18 . . . . . . . 1751
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, Aug. 21 1763
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the Hon.
Percy-Charles Wyndham.
To. Res. 4, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Petworth, Sussex; Orchard-
Wyndham, near Wratchet, Somerset-
shire; Cockermouth Castle, Cumber-
land; and Wresil Castle, Yorkshire.
Rel, Uncle to the Earl of Caernarvon,
and the Earl of Romney: grand-uncle
to Lord Porchester and to Viscount
Marsham.
Parl. Pat. One Member for New Shore-
ham.
169. ELDON, (1st) Earl of,
Co. Durham . . . Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. John Scott, D.C.L. F.R.S.
F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount Encombe, of E.,
Dorsetshire . . . . . . 1821
Baron Eldon . . . . 1799
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
High Steward of the University of
Oxford.
A Governor of the Charter House.
Bn. June 4 . . . . . . . 1751
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of Aubone Surtees,
Esq. of Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
H. Ap. His Lordship’s grandson,
John, Viscount Encombe, M.P.
for Truro, born in Nov. . 1805
To. Res. 1, Hamilton-place, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Encombe House, Dorsetshire.
Rel. Brother to Baron Stowell.
His Lordship was Lord High Chan-
cellor of England for upwards of twenty-
five years,

79. ELGIN AND KINCARDINE-
SHIRE, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1633 and 1647
A Representative Peer of Scot-
land; elected Sept. 2 - 1830
N. & S. Thomas Bruce, K.G.
O. T. S.P. Baron Bruce, of Kin-
loss, and of Torry, 1603 and 1647
Offi. A Lieutenant-General.
A Privy Councillor.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Bn. July 20 . . . . . . . 1766
Suc. his brother, as 6th Earl of
Elgin, and 11th Earl of Kin-
cardineshire, July 15 . . . . 1771
Mar. First, Mary, dr. of W.-H.
Nisbet, Esq. of Dirleton . . 1799
Second, Elizabeth, yst. dr. of
J.-T. Oswald, Esq. Sept. 21 1810
H. Ap. George-Charles Constan-
tine, Lord Bruce, born 5th April 1800

* The Manor of this Nobleman is the only one in Wales, and perhaps in Great
Britain, in which a remnant of the ancient custom of the payment of Gwarl Merched
(Anglice, Marchet), or “Maid's Fee,” still subsists.
This is a composition fee of
ten shillings, paid by the tenants to the Lord of the Manor on the marriage of each
of their daughters, on account of the said Lord waiving his claim to sleep the first
night with the bride.
ELLE (
ERRO
174 )
Co. Se. Broomhall, & Archerfield House,
Fifeshire.
Rel. Fa.-in-law to Robert-Adam Dun-
das, Esq. M.P. for Ipswich.
333. ELLENBOROUGH, Baron,
of E., in Cumberland . Y. of C. 1802
N. & S. Edward Law.
Offi. A Privy Councillor
Joint Chief Clerk of the Pleas in the
Court of King's Bench.
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron,
13th Dec. . . . . . . . 1818
Mar. First, Octavia-Catherine,
yst. dr. of Robert, First Mar-
quess of Londonderry (de-
ceased), Dec. . . . . . .
Second, Jane-Elizabeth, dr. of
Admiral Digby (divorced in
1830), Sept. 15 . . . . 1824
H.Ap. Edward, born Feb. 16 . . 1828
To, Res. 22, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Re. Roehampton, Surrey.
Rel. Brother to the Hon. Charles-E.
Law, Common Serjeant to the City of
London: bro.-in-law to the Marquess
Londonderry (Earl Vane): nephew
to the Lord Bishop of Bath and
Wells.
1813
229. ELPHIN, Lord Bishop of,
consecrated in . . . . . . . 1812
Translated . . . . . . . 1820
A Representative Irish Bishop for
sess. . . . . . . . . . 1831
N. & S. Rt. Rev. John Leslie, D.D.
Res. Elphin House, Roscommon.
fiel. Son-in-law to the Bishop of Cork
and Ross.
212. ELY, Lord Bishop of,
trams. from Chester in . . . 1812
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Bowyer-Edward
Sparke, D.D. F.R.S. and F.A.S.
Cons. Bishop of Chester . . . 1809
Offi. Official Visitor of St. John's, Jesus,
and Christ's Colleges, Cambridge.
To. Res. 37, Dover-street.
Co. Se. Bishop's Palace, Ely, and Wis-
beach Castle. Cambridgeshire.
N. B. The Bishoprick of Ely is in the
Province of Canterbury; comprehend-
ing the Isle of Ely, and part of Cam-
bridgeshire.
133. ENNISKILLEN, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1789
A Representative Peer of Ire-
land, for life (although entitled
to a seat in the House of Lords,
as an English Baron); elected
in . . . . . . . . . . 1804
N. & S. John-Willoughby Cole, K.P.
0. T. First BARoN GRIN's TEAD,
of G., Wiltshire, of the U.K. 1816
I.P. Viscount Enniskillen . 1766
Baron Mountflorence . . . 1815
Offi. A Governor, and Cust. Rot. Of the
Co. of Fermanagh
Col. of the Fermanagh Militia.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. March 23d . . . . . . 1768
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, May
22d . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Charlotte, 4th dr. of Henry,
First Earl of Uxbridge (de-
ceased), Oct. . . . . . . 1805
H. Ap. William Willoughby, Lord
Mountflorence, born Jan. . 1807
Co. Se. Florence Court, Fermanagh.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to the Earl
of Belmore, Governor of Jamaica:
2d cous. to Viscount Corry, M.P. for
Fermanaghshire; and to the Hon.
Henry-Thomas-Lowry Corry, M.P.
for Tyroneshire: brother to Lieut.
Gen.Sir Galbraith-Lowry Cole, G.C.B.
Governor of Gravesend and Tilbury
Fort.—Gov. and Commander-in-Chief
of the Cape of Good Hope: uncle to the
Dean of Waterford; and to Arthur-
Henry Cole, Esq. M.P. for Ennis-
killen: bro.-in-law to Baron Gran-
tham.
Parl. Pat. The Member for Enniskillen.
1803




76. ERROL, Earl of, Y. of C. 1458
A Representative Peer of Scot-
land, elected Sept. 2 . . . 1830
N. & S. William-Geo-Hay Carr.
O. T. S. P. Baron Hay, of Slaines.
Offi. Hereditary Lord High Con-

stable of Scotland . . . . . 1315
Bn. Feb. 21 . . . . . . . 1801
Suc. his father, as 18th Earl, Jan.
26 - . 1819

Mar. Miss Elizabeth Fiºclarence,
daughter of His Majesty, by the
late amiable MRs. Jorld AN,
Dec. 4 . . . . . . . . 1820
H. Ap. William, Lord Hay, born
3d May . . . . . 1823
Co. Se. Errol House, Aberdeenshire.
Rel. Son-in-law to his Majesty: bro-in-
law to Captain James Wemyss, R.N.
M.P. for Fifeshire. The Countess is
ERSK (
EXET
175 . )
niece to his Majesty, and to all the
Princes and Princesses of the Royal
Family.
337. ERSKINE, Baron,
of Restormel Castle. Cornwall Y.C. 1806
N. & S. David-Montague Er-
skine.
Offi. Envoy Extraordinary at Mu-
nich *.
Suc. his father, the celebrated
Lord Erskine,—the immortal
advocate of TRIAL BY Jury,
as 2d Baron, Nov. 17 . . 1823
Mar. Fanny, dr. of Gen. Cad-
wallader of Philadelphia, in . 1800
H. Ap. Thomas, born in . . 1802
Res. Munich, in Bavaria. -
Co. Se. Rosamount, Ayrshire, and Hamp-
stead, Middlesex.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to the present
Earl of Buchan.
1773
63. ESSEX, Earl of, Y. of C. 1661
N. & S. George-Capell Coningsby,
D.C.L., & F. S. A.
O. T. Viscount Malden, in Essex 1661
Baron Capell, of Hadham, Herts 1641
Qffi. Recorder and High Steward of
Leominster.
Bn. Nov. 13 . . . . . . . 1757
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl,
March 5 . . . . . . . 1799
Mar. Sarah, dr. of H. Bazett,
Esq., and widow of E. Stephen-
son, Esq., in June - . . 1786
H. Pres. His Lordship's nephew,
Arthur-Algernon-Capell Coningsby,
Esq., mar. to Caroline-Janetta, 3d
dr. of William, 8th Duke of St.
Albans.
To. Res. 9, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Cashiobury Park, near Watford,
Herts.
Rel. Brother to Maj. Gen. the Hon.
T.-E.-C., Coningsby; and to Rear-
Admiral the Hon. T. B. C. Con-
ingsby: grand-uncle to Baron Monson.

His Lordship's heir is bro.-in-law to
the Duke of St. Albans.
227. EXETER, Lord Bishop of,
consecrated in . . . . . . . 1830
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Henry Phillpott,
D.D
O. Offi. Dean of Chester.
Visitor of Exeter College, Oxford.
To. Res. 13, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Res. Bishop's Place, Exeter.
N. B. The Bishop of Exeter is Diocesan
over Cornwall, Devonshire, and the
Scilly Islands; all in the Province of
Canterbury.
Rel. Brother to John Phillpotts, Esq.
M.P. for Gloucester.
40. EXETER, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. Brownlow Cecil, K.G.
O. T. Earl of Exeter . . . . 1605
Baron Burghley, Northampton-
shire . . . . . . . . 1571
Offi. Joint-Hereditary Grand Almoner
to the King in Fee.
Lord. Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Rut-
landshire.
Recorder of the Borough of Stam-
ford.
Bn. 2d July . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 2nd Marquess
and 11th Earl, 1st May. . 1804
Mar. Isabella, dr. of W.-S. Poyntz,
Esq. of Cowdray, Sussex, 12th
May . . . . . . . . . 1824
H. Ap. William-Alleyne, Lord
Burghley, born 30th April . . 1825
1795
* An Envoy is a person deputed to negotiate some particular affair with a foreign
prince or state; but not deemed so honourable or important as an Ambassador.
Those persons sent from the first-rate powers of Europe to the petty states and
princes of Italy and Germany, do not go in quality of Ambassadors, but as Envoys;
being in a lower rank of diplomacy. Likewise, when the message from one great
power to another is not of very great importance, it is frequently executed by an
Envoy, who may be either Ordinary or Ertraordinary: both enjoy the protection
of the law of nations with all the privileges of Ambassadors; but they are not
treated with an equal degree of ceremony. When an Envoy continues any con-
siderable time at the court of his mission, he is sometimes termed resident at that


Court.
EXMO (
FARN
176 )
To. Res. 4, Great Stanhope-street, May-
Fair.
Co. Se. Burghley House, near Stam-
ford, Lincolnshire.
Itel. Brother to Lord Thomas Cecil,
M.P. for Stamford: bro.-in-law to
the Rt. Hon. Henry-Manvers Pierre-
point.
Parl. Pat.
ford.
Two Members for Stam-
199. EXMOUTH,(1st)Viscount,
Y. of C. 1816
N.&S. Edward Pellew, G.C.B., K.C.S.,
K.F.M., D.C.L., K.W.
O. T. Baron Exmouth, of Canon-
teign, Devonshire. . I 814
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1796
Offi. An Admiral of the White,
An Elder Brother of the Trinity
House.
Bn. 19th April . . . 1759
Mar. Susannah, dr. of James
Frowd, Esq. -
H. Ap. The Hon. Pownal-Bas-
tard Pellew, Capt. R. N., born
1st July . . . . . . . . 1786
Co. Se. Treverry, Cornwall.
Rel. Brother to Sir Israel Pellew, K.C.B.,
Admiral of the White; and brother-in-
Jaw to Admiral Sir L.-W. Halsted,
K.C.B. His 2nd son, Capt. F.-B.-R.
Pellew, R.N.-C.B., is son-in-law to
Lady Holland, and brother-in-law to
Sir Godfrey Webster, Bart. His 3rd
son, the Hon. and Rev. George Pellew,
is son-in-law to Viscount Sidmouth.
170. FALMOUTH, (1st) Earl of,
Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Edward Boscawen.
O. T. Viscount Falmouth
Baron Boscawen-Rose,
Co. Cornwall . .
Offi. Recorder of Christchurch and
Truro.
Bn. May 10 . . . . . . 1787
Suc, his father, as 4th Wiscount,
Feb. 8 . . . . . . . . 1808
Mar. Anne-Frances, dr. of H. Bankes,
Esq. of Kingston Hall, Dorsetshire,
Aug. 27 . . . . . . . 1810
H. Ap. George-Henry Boscawen
Rose, Lord Boscawen-Rose, born
July 8 . . . . . . . . 1811
To. Res. 2, St. James's-square.
1720
Co. Se. Tregothnan, Truro, Cornwall;
and Wool-Hampton House, Newbury,
Berkshire.
Rel, Son-in-law to one of the Members
for Dorsetshire: bro.-in-law to G.
Bankes, Esq. M. P. for Corfe Castle;
and to W. J. Bankes, Esq. M. P. for
Marlborough; also to Lord Arthur
Somerset; and to the Rt. Hon. Sir
George Warrender, Bart. M. P. for
Honiton.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Truro;
one Member for St. Michaels.
377. FARNBOROUGH, (1st) Baron,
of Bromley Hill, Kent, Y. of C. 1826
N. & S. Charles Long, G.C.B., F.R.S.,
and F.S.A.
Offi. A Trustee for the British and
Hunterian Museums.
President of the Committee for In-
spection of National Monuments.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
Bn. . . . . . . . . . . 1760
Mar. Amelia-E., dr. of Sir Abraham
Hume, Bart., 28th May. . 1793
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Rev. William Long, D.C.L., a Ca-
non of Windsor.
To. Res. Whitehall Gardens.
Co. Se. Bromley Hill, Kent.
His Lordship was Joint-Secretar’
the Treasury in 1800, a Lord of the
Treasury in 1804; and afterwards Pay-
Master-General of the Forces.

322. FARNHAM, Baron,
of F. Cavanshire . Y. of C. 175ſ,
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life; elected in . . . . 1825
N. & S. John-Maxwell Barry.
Offi. Governor of the County of Cavan,
and Col. of its Militia.
A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-

facture.
Bn. Jan. 18 . . . . . . . 1767
Suc. his cousin (Earl of Farnham)
as 5th Baron, July 23 . 1823

Mar. Juliana-Lucy, eld. dr. of
Arthur, Earl of Mountnorris,
July . . . . . . . . . 1789
II. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Rev. Henry Maxwell, A.M., (married
FERR ( 177 ) FISH
to Anne, eld, dr. of the Earl of Car- | Suc. his father, as 4th Earl, April
rick.) I - . . 1811
Co. Se. Farnham, Cavanshire; and New-
town Barry, Co. Wexford.
Rel. The Baroness is half-sister to the
present Earl of Mountnorris: sister
to the lady of Lord John Somerset.
83. FERRERS, Earl,
of Chartley, Staffordshire Y. of C. 1711
N. & S. Washington Shirley.
O. T. Viscount Tamworth . 1711
Baron Ferrers, ofChartley, Bour-
chier, and Louvaine . . 1677
A Baronet . . . . . 1611
Bn. Nov. 13 . . . . . . . 1760
Suc, his brother, as 8th Earl, 2d
May . . . . . . . . . 1827
Mar, Frances, dr. of the Rev. W.
Ward, 24th July . . . 1781
H. Ap. Robert-William, Wiscount
Tamworth, born in . . . . 1783
To. Res. 2, Harley-street.
Co. Se. Chartley Castle, near Lichfield,
Staffordshire; Staunton–Harold, near
Ashby-de-la-Zouche, and Radcliffe-
on-Wreke, Leicestershire.
Rel. The Countess is cous. to Earl Dud-
ley.
380. FEVERSHAM, (1st) Baron,
of Duncombe Park, Yorkshire,
- Y. of C. 1826
N. & S. Charles Duncombe.
Bn, 5th December . . . . 1764
Mar. Charlotte, dr. of William,
2d Earl of Dartmouth, Sept. 24 1795
H. Ap, William, born Jan. 14 . 1798
To. Res. 24, Arlington-street.
Co. Se. Duncombe Park, near Helmsley,
Yorkshire.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Hon.
William Duncombe (mar. to Louisa,
3rd dr. of the present Earl of Gallo-
way), M.P. for Yorkshire. The Ba-
rones is aunt to the present Earl of
Dartmouth; to the Baroness Bagot;
and to the lady of Sir Edward Paget,
G.C.B.
383. FIFE, Baron, . Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. James Duff, K.T., K.F.
O. T. I. P. EARL of FIFE . 1759
Offi. Viscount Macduff. . 1759
Baron Braco, of Kilbryde, Ca-
vanshire . . . . . . . 1735
A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Lord Lieut. of Banffshire.
Mar. Mary-Caroline, 2nd dr. of
Louisa, Countess of Dysart (de-
ceased), in . . . . . . . 1799
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, Lieut.-
General Alexander Duff, M. P. for
Elgin, &c.
Co. Se. Duff House, and Balvenie Cas-
tle, Banffshire; Innes House, Moray-
shire; Mar House, and Dalgetty Cas-
tle, Aberdeenshire.
His Lordship, who is a Major-Gene-
ral in the Spanish Army, was greatly
distinguished as an officer during the war
* Spain and Portugal, previously to
814.

293. FISHERWICK, Baron,
of F. Staffordshire . Y. of C. 1790.
N. & S. George-Augustus Chichester,
K.P
O. T.I. P. MARQUE'ss of Don E-
GAL . . . . . . . . . 1791
Earl of Donegal & Belfast 1791 & 1647
Viscount Chichester . . . ) 1625
Baron Belfast . . . - %
Offi. A Governor of the County of An-
trim.
A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
President of the Belfast Academical
Institution.
Bn. August 13 . . . . . . 1769
Sue, his father, as 2nd Marquess,
January 5 . . . . . . .
Mar. Anna, dr. of Sir E. May,
Bart., August 8 . . . . .
H. Ap. George-Hamilton Chiches-
ter, Earl of Belfast, M.P. for
Antrimshire, born Feb. 10 . . 1797
Co. Se. Haye Park, Downshire; Ormean,
and Fisherwick Lodge, Antrim.
Rel. Father to the Earl of Belfast
(who is brother-in-law to the Earl
of Glengall): uncle to Col. Arthur
Chichester (married to Lady Au-
gusta Paget, 4th dr. to the Mar-
quess of Anglesey), M.P. for Wex-
fordshire; and to Sir Arthur Chi-
chester, Bart., of Green Castle, M.P.
for Belfast.
Parl. Pat. The Member for Belfast.
1799
1795

320. FITZGIBBON, Baron,
of Sidbury, Devonsh. Y. of C.G.B. 1799
N. & S. John Fitzgibbon.
A. A
FITZ (
FOLE
178 )
O. T.I. P. EARL of CLARE . . 1795
Viscount Fitzgibbon, of Lime-
rick . . . . . . . . 1793
Baron Fitzgibbon, of Lower
Conello, Limerick . . . . 1789
Bn. in June . . . . . . . 1792
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, and
Baron, Jan. 28 . . . . . 1802
Mar. Elizabeth-Julia-Georgiana,
dr. of Peter, late Baron Gwydyr,
and of the Baroness Willoughby
D’Eresby, April 14 . . . 1826
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Richard Hobart Fitzgibbon,
M.P. for Limerickshire.
To. Res. 48, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se, Mount Shannon, near Limerick,
Ireland.
Rel. His Lordship is brother-in-law to
Baron Willoughby D'Eresby, and
Gwydyr.
99. FITZWILLIAM, Earl,
Y. of C. 1746
N. & S. William-Wentworth Fitzwil-
liam, D.C.L.
O. T. Viscount Milton, of Norbo-
rough, Northamptonshire . 1746
Lord Fitzwilliam and Baron
Milton. . . . . . . . 1742
I. P. Earl Fitzwilliam, Ty-
roneshire .
Wiscount Milton, Co. west. 1716
meath . . . . . . .
Baron Fitzwilliam, of Lifford . 1742
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
High-Steward of Hull.
Cust. Rot. of the Soke of Peterborough.
Recorder of Higham-Ferrers.
Bn. May 30 . . . . . . . 1748
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl, Aug. 9
Mar. First, Charlotte, yst. dr. of
William, 2nd Earl of Besbo-
rough, in . . . . . . . 1770
Second, Louisa, Lady-Dowager
Ponsonby, 4th dr. of Richard,
Viscount Molesworth, (de-
ceased) . . . . . . . 1823
H. Ap. Charles-William, Viscount
Milton, born May 4 . . 1786
To. Res. 4, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se.. Wentworth House, Yorkshire;
Milton Park, Northamptonshire; and
Malton, Co. Wicklow, Ireland.
Rel. Father to Lord Milton, who mar.
his cous., Charlotte, 2d dr. of Thomas’
1st Baron Dundas: uncle to the pre-
sent Lord Dundas; to the Hon. Col.
Sir Robert-L. Dundas, K. C. B. ;
and grand-uncle to the Hon. John-
Charles Dundas, both Members for
Richmond in Yorkshire : uncle also
to the lady of John-Charles Ramsden,
Esq., M.P. for Malton.
His Lordship was Lord-Lieutenant of
Ireland in 1795.
Paºl. Pat. Two Members for Malton ;
two Members for Peterborough ; one
Member for Higham-Ferrers.
276, FOLEY, Baron,
of Kidden minster, Worcestershire,
Y. of C. 1776
N. & S. Thomas Foley.
Offi. Recorder of Droitwich.
Bn. Dec. 22 . . . . . . . 1780
Suc. his father, as 3rd Baron, 2nd
July . . . . . . . . . 1793
Mar. Cecilia-Olivia–Geraldine, 5th
dr. of William-Robert, 2nd Duke
of Leinster, August . . . 1806
H. Ap. Edward-Thomas, born
December 11 . . . . . . 1808
To.Res. Mivart's Hotel, 44, Brook-street.
Co. Se. Whitley Court, Worcestershire;
Stoke—Edith Park, Herefold.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Hon.
Edward-Thomas Foley, M. P. for
Ludgershall: cousin to John-H...-H.
Foley, Esq., M.P. for Droitwich ; to
the Earl of Harrington; to the Mar-
chioness of Tavistock; to the Duchess
of Leinster; and to the Earl of Sef-
ton: brother-in-law to the Duke of
Leinster; to Lord William-Charles
O'Brien Fitzgerald, M.P. for Kildare-
shire; to the Viscountess Chabot; and
to the Dowager-Baroness Kinnaird.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Droitwich.


252. FORRES, Baron, Y. of C. 1440
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected September 2nd . -
N. & S. James-Ochoncar Forbes.
O. T. A. Baronet of Nova Scotia 1628
Offi. Lord Commissioner to the General
Assembly of the Church of Scotland *.
Premier Baron of Scotland.
A General in the Army, and Colonel
of the 21st Regiment of Foot.
* The Church of Scotland is governed by one General Assembly (in which Lord
Forbes presides), 15 Synods, and 78 Presbyteries. It contains 899 parishes, sup-
porting 938 Clergymen, whose incomes vary from 2001, to 500l. per annum.
FORE (
GAGE
179 )
Bn, 7th March . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his father, as 17th Baron,
July 29th . . . . . . .
Mar. Elizabeth, eldest dr. of
W. Hunter, Esq. of Polmood,
Peebles co. 2d July . . . . 1792
H. Ap. James, a captain in the
Coldstream Guards, born 9th
April . . . . . . . . 1796
Co. Se. Castle Forbes, Aberdeenshire.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle to the Duke
of Athol.
370. FORESTER, Baron,
of Willey Park, Shropshire,Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. John-George Weld Fo-
rester.
Bn. 9th August . . . . . . 1801
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 23d
May . . . . . . . . . 1828
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. George-Cecil Weld Forester,
M.P. for Wenlock.
To. Res. 14, Great Stanhope-street.
Co. Se. Willey Park, and Ross-Hall,
Shropshire.
Rel. Brother to the Member for Wen-
lock: brother-in-law to the Hon. Ro-
bert-John Smith (son and heir of Ba-
ron Carrington), M.P. for Bucking-
hamshire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Wenlock.
119. FORTESCUE, (1st) Earl,
Y. of C. 1789
N. & S. Hugh Fortescue, D.C.L. and
F.S.A
O. T. 1st Viscount Ebrington, of
E., Gloucestershire . . . 1789
Baron Fortescue, of Castle Hill,
Devonshire . . . . . . 1746
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of De-
vonshire.
High Steward of Barnstaple and South
Molton. -
Bn. 12th March . . . . . 1753
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron F.,
10th July . . . . . . 1785
Mar. Hester, dr. of the Rt. Hon.
George Grenville, May 10th . 1782
H. Ap, Hugh, Viscount Ebring-
ton, born 13th Feb. . . . . 1783
To. Res. 17, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se, Castle Hill, South Molton,
Devon; and Ebrington Hall, Glou-
cestershire. -
Rel. Father to Viscount Ebrington,
M.P. for Devonshire; and to the Hon.
George-Matthew Fortescue, M.P. for
Hindon: father-in-law to Baron King;
to the Hon. Newton Fellowes (brother
and heir to the Earl of Portsmouth);
and to George Wilbraham, Esq. M.P.
for Stockbridge. Viscount Ebrington
is son-in-law to the Earl of Harrowby ;
bro.-in-law to Viscount Sandon, M.P.
for Tiverton; and to the lady of the
Hon. John-James Stuart Wortley (son
and heir to Baron Wharncliffe).
295. GAGE, Baron,
of High-Meadow, Gloucestershire,
Y. of C. 1790
N. & S. Henry-Hall Gage.

A Baronet . . . . . . . . 1622
O. T.I. P. Viscount GAGE,
of Castle Island, Kerry 1720
Baron Gage, of Castlebar,
Mayoshire . . . . .
Bn. 14th Dec. . . . . . . 1791

Suc. his father, 4th Viscount, and
3d Baron, 29th Jan. . . . 1808
Mar. Elizabeth-Maria, dr. of the
Hon. Edward Foley, March 8th 1813
H. Ap, Henry-Edward-Hall, born
9th Jan. . . . . . . . . 1814
To. Res. Grillon's Hotel, 7, Albemarle-
Street.
Co. Se. Firle Place, Lewes, Sussex; and
Westbury House, Hampshire.
Rel. The baroness is cousin to Baron
Foley; 2d cousin to the Hon. Ed-
ward-Thomas Foley, M.P. for Lud-
gershall; 3d cousin to John-Hodgetts-
H. Foley, Esq. M.P. for Droitwich.
348. GAMBIER, (1st) Baron,
of Iver, Bucks . . Y. of C. 1807
N. & S. James Gambier, G.C.B.
Offi. An Admiral of the Red.
Bn. 13th Oct. . . . . . . 1756
Mar. Louisa, 2ddr.of D. Matthew,
Esq. of Felix Hall, Essex, in 1798
Co. Se. Iver, Buckinghamshire.
346. GARDNER, Baron,
of Uttoxeter, Staffordshire, Y.C. 1806
N. & S. Alan-Legge Gardner.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . 1794
I. P. Baron Gardner . . . 1800
Bn. Jan. 29th . . . . . 1810
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, Dec.
27 . . . . . . . . . 1815
H. Pres. His Lordship's cousin, Francis-
Charles Gardner, Esq.
Rel, Grandson to Baron Carrington;
to the Hon. Robert John Smith, M.P.
for Buckinghamshire; to the Countess
Stanhope; and to the Lady of Lord
GIFF (
GLOU
180 )
Granville - Charles - Henry Somerset,
M.P. for Monmouthshire.
Co. Se. Court-Garden, Bucks; Uttox-
eter, Staffordshire.
372. GIFFORD, Baron,
of St. Leonard's, Devon Y. of C. 1824
N. & S. Robert-Francis Gifford.
Bn. 19th March . . . 1817
Suc, his father, as 2d Baron,Sept. 4 1826
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother,
John, born in . . . . . . 1821
Co. Se. Putney Common, Surrey.
His Lordship is a MINolt.
169, GLENGALL, Earl of,
- Y. of C. 1816
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life, elected in Jan. . . . 1830
N. & S. Richard Butler.
O. T. Viscount Caher . . . . 1816
Baron Caher, of C. co. Tipperary 1543
Offi. A Governor of Tipperary.
Bn. J7th May . . . . . . 1794
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 30th
Jan. . . . . . . . . . 1819
To. Res. 54, Lower Grosvenor-street.
Co. Seat. Caher Castle, Tipperary, Ire-
land.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Belfast, M.P. for Antrimshire.
364. GLENLYON, (1st) Baron,
of G., Perthshire . Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. James Murray, F.R.S.
Offi. A Major-General, and
A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Bn. 29th May . . . . . . 1782
Mar. Emily-Frances, 2d dr. of
Hugh, 2d Duke of Northum-
berland, in . . . . . . . 1810
II. Ap. George-Augustus-Frede-
rick-John, born 20th Sept. . . 1814
Rel. His Lordship is eldest brother to the
Duke of Athol: bro.-in-law to the
Duke of Northumberland; and to
Baron Prudhoe.
5.GLOUCESTER, & EDINBURGH,
His Royal Highness the Duke of
Y. of C. 1764
N. Prince William-Frederick, K. G.
G.C.B. G.C.H. F.R.S. F.A.S.
O. T. I. P. Earl of Connaught . 1764
Offi. A Field Marshal.
Governor of Portsmouth.
Col. of the 3d regiment of Foot Guards.
Chancellor of the University of Cam-
bridge.
Lord High Steward of the city of
Gloucester.
President of the Russell Institution.
Ranger of Bagshot Park and Walk.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn, 15th Jan. . . . . . . 1776
Suc. his father, Prince William-
Henry, brother to His Majesty
King George III., 25th Aug. . 1805
Mar.his cousin, the Princess Mary,
4th dr. of His Majesty King
George III., 22d July . . 1816
To. Res. Gloucester House, Park
Lane,
Co. Se. Bagshot Park, Surrey; and
Boldrewood Lodge, Hants.
Rel. His Royal Highness is cousin and
bro.-in-law to His Majesty King
William IV.; and to all the Princes and
Princesses of the Royal Family of Great
Britain: brother to the Princess Sophia
of Gloucester. Her Royal Highness
the Duchess is sister to the reigning
Sovereign; also to the Princes and
Princesses.


220. GLOUCESTER, Lord Bishopof,
consecrated in . . . . . . 1824
N.&S. Rt.Rev. Christopher Bethel, D.D.
O. Offi. Rector of Kirkby-Whiske, York-
shire.
Co. Res. Bishop's Palace, Gloucester.
N. B. The Bishopric of Gloucester is
in the Province of Canterbury, and com-
prehends only part of Gloucestershire.


203. GODERICH, (1st) Viscount,
of Nocton, Lincolnshire Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. Frederick-John Robinson.
Offi. Principal Secretary of State for
the Colonies.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
A Governor of the Charter House.
Recorder of Lincoln.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn. Nov. 1 . . . . . . . 1782
Mar. Sarah-Albina-Louisa, dr. of
Robert, 4th Earl of Bucking-

hamshire, Sept. 1 . . . . . 1814
H. Ap. A Son, born in Oct. . . 1827
To. Res. Whitehall Gardens.
Co. Se. Notting-Hill, Surrey; and
Nocton, Sleaford, Lincolnshire.
Rel. Brother to Baron Grantham:
nephew to the Countess De Grey.
The Viscountess is cousin to the pre-
sent Earl of Buckinghamshire.
196. GORDON, Viscount,
of Aberdeen, U.K. . . Y. of C. 1814
N. & S. George Hamilton-Gordon, K.T.,
F.R.S., and F.H.S., F.A.S.
GORT (
GOSF
181 )
O. T. S. P. EARL of ABER-l
IDEEN . . . . . .
Wiscount Formantine . . 1682
Lord Haddo, Methlies, Tarves,
and Kellie . . . . .
A Baronet of Nova Scotia.
Offi. A Privy Councillor, and late
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.
Chancellor of King's College, Aber-
deen. -
President of the Society of Antiquaries.
President of the British Institution,
Pall-Mall.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
A Governor of Harrow School.
Bn. Jan. 28 . . .
Suc. his grandfather,
Aug. 13 . . . . . . . .
Mar. first, Catherine-Elizabeth,
dr. of James, 1st Marquess of
Abercorn, July . . . .
Second, Harriet, dr. of the Hon.
J. Douglas, (grand-daughter
of James, 5th Earl of Morton,
and widow of Wiscount Ha-
milton), July 8 . . . . . 1815
H. Ap. George-John-James, Lord
Haddo, born Sept. 28 . . . 1816
To. Res. 7, A1gyll-street.
Co. Se. Haddo House, Aberdeenshire,
and Priory, Stanmore, Middlesex.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle-in-law and
step-father to the Marquess of Aber-
corn: brother to the Hon. Capt. W.
Gordon, R.N., M. P. for Aberdeen-
shire. The Countess is sister to the
Earl of Morton: niece to the Earl of
Harewood: cousin to Viscount Las-
celles; to the Hon. Henry Lascelles,
M.P. for Northallerton (married to
Louisa, 2d dr. of the Marquess of
Bath); to the Hon. W. S. Sebright
Lascelles (married to Caroline-Georgi-
ana, eld. dr. of the Earl of Carlisle);
to the Countess of Sheffield; and to
the lady of E. B. Portman, Esq. M.P.
for Dorsetshire.
. . . . 1784
as 4th Earl,
1801
1805
198. GORT, Viscount, Y. C. 1816
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life; elected in -
N. & S. Charles Vereker.
O. T. L. P. Baron Rittarlton, of
K., Galwayshire . . . . 1810
Offi. A Governor of Galwayshire.
Constable of Limerick, and Col. of its
Militia. -
A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Bu. in . . . . . . . . 1768
Suc. his uncle, as 2d Wiscount,
May 23 . . . . . . . . 1817
Mar, first, Jane, dr. of R. Wes-
tropp, Esq. (widow of W.
Stamer, Esq. of Cornelly), in
Second, Elizabeth, eld. dr. of J.
Pallister, Esq. of Derry-
luskan, Tipperary, in . . 1810
H. Ap. John Prendergast (married
to Maria, eld. dr. of the Rt.
Hon. Standish O'Grady, Lord
Chief Baron of the Irish Court
of Exchequer), born April 21 1790
Co. Se. Lough-Cooter Castle, Galway.
151. GOSFORD, Earl of,
Y. of C. I. P. 1806
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life; elected in . . . 1811
N. & S. Archibald Acheson.
O. T. I. P. Viscount Acheson, of
1789


Market Hill, Armaghshire 1785
Baron Gosford . . . . 1776
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1628
Offi. Governorand Cust. Rot. of Armagh-
shire.
Col. of the Armagh Militia.
A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture
of Ireland.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . 1775
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, Jan. 14 1807
Mar. Mary, dr. of R. Sparrow,
Esq. of Worlingham Hall,
Suffolk, in July . . . . .
H. Ap. Archibald, Viscount Ache-
son, M.P. for Armaghshire, born
20th Aug. . . . . . . . 1806
To. Res. Brunswick Hotel, 52, Jermyn-
Street.
Co. Se. Gosford Castle, Armagh Co.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the
Member for Armaghshire; brother-
in-law to Lord George-Frederick-Ca-
vendish Bentinck (brother to the Duke
of Portland), M.P. for King's Lynn.

251. GOWER, Baron,
of Sittingham, Yorkshire Y. of C. 1702
N. & S. George-Granville Leveson
Gower.
O. T. EARL Gowen ; being the
courtesy title of the eldest son of
the Marquess of Stafford. His
Lordship was summoned to the
House of Peers as Baron Gower,
Nov. 14. . .
1805


. . . . . 1826
Bn. Aug. 8 . . . . . . 1786
Mar. his second-cousin Harriet-
Elizabeth-Georgiana, dr. of
George, 6th Earl of Carlisle,
May 27 - . . . 1803
GRAF (
GRAN
182 )
H. Ap. Evelyn, born in . . 1825
To. Res. 2, Hamilton Place, Piccadilly.
Uo. Se. Dunrobin Castle, Sutherland-
shire, and Lettleshall, near Newport,
Salop.
Rel. His Lordship is the eldest son of
the Marquess of Stafford: nephew to
Wiscount Granville: son-in-law to the
present Earl of Carlisle:—to all which
refer for particulars of relationship.
12. GRAFTON, Duke of,
Northamptonshire . . Y. of C. 1675
N. & S. George-Henry Fitzroy.
O. T. Earl of Euston and Ar-
lington . . . . . . 1672
Viscount Thetford and Ipswich
Baron Arlington and Sudbury 1663
Offi. Hereditary Ranger of Whittlebury
Forest.
Lord Lieutenant and Cust. Rot. of
Suffolk.
A Trustee of the Hunterian Museum.
Recorder of Thetford.
Hereditary Receiver-General of the
profits of the Seals in the Courts of
King's Bench and Common Pleas.
Bn. Jan. 14 . . . . . 1760
Mar. Charlotte-Maria, dr. of
James, 2d Earl Waldegrave
(deceased).
Suc. his father as 4th Duke,
March 14 . . . . . . . 1811
H. Ap. Henry, Earl of Euston,
M.P. for Bury St. Edmund’s,
born in . . . . . . . 1790
To. Res. 47, Clarges-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Euston Hall, Thetford, Norfolk;
and Wakefield Lodge, Northampton-
shire.
Rel. Father to the Member for Bury St.
Edmund's, and to Lord Charles Fitz-
roy, M. P. for Thetford: grandfather
to the Earl of Ipswich : father-in-law
to Sir William Oglander, Bart. : bro.-
in-law to Lieut.-Gen. the Hon. Wil-
liam Fitzroy; and to Baron Churchill,
second-cousin to Baron Southampton.
—The Earl of Euston and his brother,
Lord Charles Fitzroy, are nephews
to His Royal Highness the Duke of
Gloucester, and to the Princess Sophia
of Gloucester.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Thetford;
one Member for Bury St. Edmund's.
92. GRAHAM, Earl,
of Belford, Northumberland,
Y. of C. 1722
N. & S. James Graham, K.G., & D.C.L.
O. T. Baron Belford . . 1722
S. P. DUKE of MonTRose 1707
Marquess of Montrose, Graham,
and Buchanan . 1644, 1707
Earl of Montrose and Kincardine 1504
Viscount Dundaff
Lord Graham, Aberruthven, R. I.445
Mugdock, and Fintrie { 1451
Offi. A Privy Councillor, and late Lord
Chamberlain of the King's House-
hold.
Lord Justice General of Scotland.
Lord Lieut. of Stirling and Dumbar-
ton shires.
Chancellor of the University of Glas-
gow.
An Extraordinary Director of the Bank
of Scotland.
Bn. Feb. 8th . . . . . . . . . 1755
Suc. his father, 3d Duke, and
Earl Graham, Sept. 23 . . . 1790
Mar. First, Jemima-Elizabeth,
dr. of John, 2d Earl of Ash-
burnham, Feb. . . . . .
Secondly, Caroline-Maria, dr. of
George, 4th Duke of Man-
chester, July 24th . . . . 1790
H. Ap. James, Marquess of
Graham, M.P. for the Borough
of Cambridge; a Privy Coun-
cillor, and Commissioner for the
Affairs of India; also Col. of
the Stirlingshire Militia; born,
July 16 . . . . . . . .
To. Res. 25, Grosvenor Square.
Co. Se. Buchanan House, Dumbarton-
shire.
Rel. Father to the Member for Cam-
bridge Borough, and to the Countess
of Winchelsea and Nottingham :
father-in-law to Viscount Clive, (eld.
son and heir to the Earl of Powis)
M.P. for Ludlow, and to the Duke
of Manchester: uncle to the Earl of
Ashburnham; to Baron Douglas, of
Douglas Castle; and to the Baroness
Montagu. The Duchess is aunt—and
the Marquess of Graham, cousin, to
the Marchioness of Tweeddale; and
to Wiscount Mandeville, M. P. for
Huntingdonshire.


1785
1799

341. GRANARD, (1st) Baron,
of Castle Donnington, Leicester-
shire . . . . . . Y. of C. 1806
N. & S. George Forbes.
O. T. I. P. EARL of GRANARD 1684
Viscount Forbes . . . . 1673
Baron of Clanehugh - { 7
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1628
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.

GRAN (
GRAN
183 )
Clerk of the Crown" and of the
Hanaper + in Ireland.
Governor of the Co. of Longford.
A Lieut.-General.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. June 14 . . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 6th Earl,
April 16 . . . . . . . . 1780
Mar. Selina-Frances, 4th dr. of
John, 1st Earl of Moira, May. 1779
H. Ap. George-John, Viscount
Forbes, M.P. for Longfordsh.,
born May 3 . . . . . . 1785
Co. Se. Castle Forbes, Longford, Ireland.
Rel. His Lordship is father to Viscount
Forbes, (Cust. Rotulorum and M.P.
for the County of Longford: also a
Major General and Aide-de-camp to
the King): father-in-law to Lord
Rancliffe, M. P. for Nottingham :
cousin to the Earl of Berkeley. The
Countess is aunt to the Marquess of
Hastings.
1760
267. GRANTHAM, Baron,
of G., Lincolnshire. Y. of C. 1761
N. & S.Thomas-Philip Weddell, F.S.A.
O. T. A. Baronet . . . . . 1689
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Bed-
fordshire.
Bn. 8th Dec. . . . . . . 1781
Suc. his father, as 3rd Baron, 20th
July . . . . . . . . . 1786
Mar. Henrietta-Frances, y, dr. of Wil-
liam, 1st Earl of Enniskillen.
H. Ap. Frederick-William, born
11th Apr. . - - - . 1810
To. Res. 1, St. James's Square.
Co. Se. Newby Hall, Boroughbridge,
Yorkshire; and West Cowes, Isle of
Wight.
Rel. Brother to Viscount Goderich:
nephew to the Countess De Grey: bro-
in-law to the Earl of Enniskillen ; to
Lieut.-Gen. Galbraith-Lowry Cole,
K.C.B., Gov. and Commander-in-
Chief of the Cape of Good Hope.
281. GRANTLEY, Baron,
of Markenfield, Yorkshire, Y. of C. 1782
N. & S. Fletcher Norton:
Offi. High Steward of Guildford.
Bn. 14th July . . . . . .
Suc. his uncle, as 3d Baron, 12th
Nov. . . . . . . . . . 1822
Mar. Charlotte-Earle, 2d dr, of Sir
William Beechey, 26th July . 1825
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, George-
Chapple Norton, Esq. a Commissioner
of Bankruptcies (mar. to the grand-dr.
of the late Richard-Brinsley Sheridan).
Co. Se. Wonersh, near Guildford, Surrey;
Grantley Park, Yorkshire.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Guildford.
197. GRANVILLE, Wiscount,
of Stone Park, Staffordshire, Y.C. 1815
N. & S. Granville-Leveson Gower,
G.C.B.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Ambassador Extraordinary and Mi-
nister Plenipotentiary at the Court
of France.
Bn. 12th Oct. . . . . . . 1773
Mar. Henrietta-Elizabeth, dr. of
William, 5th Duke of Devon-
shire, 24th Dec. . . . . . 1809
H. Ap. Granville-George, born
11th May . . . . . . 1815
To. Res. 16, Bruton-street.
Co. Se. Tixal, near Lichfield, Staffordsh.
Rel. His Lordship is half-brother to the
Marquess of Stafford; and uncle to
Baron Gower;-to which refer for fur-
ther relationship. He is uncle to the
Duke of Devonshire: bro.-in-law to the
1796



* Clerk of the Crown Office is chief manager in cases of error, trials of Peers,
indictments of the Crown, informations, recognizances, writing of pleadings, de-
clarations, and other proceedings upon record.
+ The Hanaper Office belongs to the Common-law Court in Chancery; for
anciently all writs relating to the business of the subject, and their returns, were
kept in a hamper (in handperio) or wicker basket, made with a cover, to fasten or
lock it up; whilst others, relating to matters in which the Crown was interested,
were preserved in a small sack or bag (in parva baga): hence arose the distinctions
of Hanaper and Petty Bag Office.
the Warden of the Hanaper.
The Clerk of the Hanaper is sometimes called
He receives all sums of money due to the king for
seals of charters, patents, commissions, and writs; and attends the Keeper of the
Seals daily, in term-time, and at all times of sealing. He also takes into his custody
all sealed charters, patents, and the like, which he now puts into bags, as he anciently
did into hampers, for the more easy removal of them from place to place.
These offices are the same in England as in Ireland.
GRAY (
GREY
184 )
Countess of Carlisle:—to which titles
also refer for further particulars.
254. GRAY, Baron,
of Gray, Perthshire, S. P. Y. of C.
A Representative Scottish Peer,
elected Sept. 2 . . . . . 1830
N. & S. Francis Gray, F.R.S.
Bn. Sept. 1 . . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his brother, as 15th Baron,
Dec. 12 . . . . . . . .
Mar. Mary-Anne, dr. of J. John-
stone, Esq., in . . . . .
H. Ap. John, Master of Gray,
born May 12 . . . . . . 1798
Co. Se.. Kinfauns Castle, Perthshire.
1437
1807
1794
296. GRENVILLE, (1st) Baron,
of Wotton, Bucks . Y. of C. 1790
N. & S. William Wyndham Gren-
ville, D.C.L. and F.R.S. and F.S.A.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
Chancellor of the University of Ow-
ord.
Auditor of the Exchequer.
A Governor of the Charter House.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity
House.
High Steward of Bristol.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Bn. 25th Oct. . . . . . . 1759
Mar. Anne, dr. of Thomas, 1st
Lord Camelford, 18th July . 1792
Co. Sc. Dropmore Lodge, Bucks; and
Boconnoc, Cornwall.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle to the Duke
of Buckingham; to Baron Nugent,
M.P. for Aylesbury; and to the Ba-
roness Arundel, of Wardour: grand-
uncle to the Marquess of Chandos,
M.P. for Bucks: great-grand-uncle to
Earl Temple: cousin to the Earl of
Egremont.
156. GREY, Earl, . Y. of C. 1806
N. & S. Charles Grey.
O. T. Viscount. Howick . 1806
Baron Grey, of Howick, North-
umberland . . . . . . 1801
A Baronet . . . . . 1746
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
First Lord of the Treasury, and Prime
Minister to the King of Great Bri-
tain.
A Governor of the Charter House.
Bn. 13th March . . . . . . 1764
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 14th
Nov. . . . . . . . . . 1807
Mar. Mary-Elizabeth, dr. of Wil-
liam-Brabazon, 1st Baron Pon-
sonby, of Imokilly, 18th Nov. .
H. Ap. Henry, Viscount Howick,
M.P. for Higham-Ferrers, and
Joint Under-Secretary for the
Colonies, born 28th Dec. . . 1802
To. Res. 48, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Howick House, near Alnwick,
Northumberland.
Rel. Father-in-law to Baron Durham,
Lord Privy Seal : bro, to Lieut.-Gen.
the Hon. Henry-George Grey, col. of
the 13th dragoons: uncle to Sir George
Grey, Bart.; to the Baroness Barham;
to the lady of Francis Baring, Esq.
M.P. for Portsmouth (son to Sir
Thomas Baring, Bart. M.P. for Wy-
combe; nephew to Alexander Baring,
Esq. M.P. for Callington; cousin to
William-Bingham Baring, Esq., the
other Member for Callington); and
to William-Henry Whitbread, Esq.
M.P. for Bedford. The Countess is
sister to the present Baron Ponsonby
of Imokilly; to Richard, Lord Bishop
of Killaloe and Kilfenora; and to the
Hon. George Ponsonby, M. P. for
Youghall.
400, GREY DE RUTHYN, Ba-
roness, . . . . . . Y. of C. 1322
N. & S. Barbara Yelverton.
O. T. Baroness Hastings, of Ash-
ley-Weyford and Valence . . 1264
Bn. 20th May . . . . . . 1810
Suc. her father (19th Baron), as
2d Baroness, 29th Oct. . . . 1810
H. Pres. Her Ladyship's cousin, Frede-
rick-Henry Powis.
Co. Se. Brandon House, Warwickshire.
116. GROSVENOR, Earl, Y.C. 1784
N. & S. Robert Grosvenor.
1794




O. T. Viscount Belgrave . . . 1784
Baron Grosvenor, of Eaton, Che-
shire . . . . . . . . 1761
A Baronet. . . . . . 1621
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire.
Brº. 22d Mar. . . . . . . 1767
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 5th
ug. . . . . . . . . 1802
Mar. Eleanor, eld, dr. of Thomas,
late Earl of Wilton, 28th April . 1794
H. Ap. Richard, Viscount Bel-
grave, M.P. for Cheshire, born
27th Jan. . . . . . . .
To. Res. 33, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Sc. Eaton Hall, near Chester; Moor

1795

GUIL (
5 ) HARB
18
Park, Herts; and Healkin Castle,
Flintshire.
Rel, Father to Viscount Belgrave, M.P.
for Cheshire (who is son-in-law to the
Marquess of Stafford and to the Count-
ess of Sutherland: bro.-in-law to Earl
Gower; to Lord Francis Leveson
Gower, late Chief Secretary in Ire-
land, and M.P. for Sutherlandshire,
and to the Countess of Surrey) and to
the Hon. Robert Grosvenor, M.P. for
Chester: father also to the Earl of
Wilton (who is son-in-law to the Earl
of Derby : bro.-in-law to Lord Stanley,
M.P. for Lancashire; father to the Hon.
Edw. Geoffry Smith Stanley, Chief Se-
cretary for Ireland, and M.P. for Wind-
sor): cousin to General Thomas Gros-
venor (who is bro.-in-law to Sir Wil.
liam Heathcote, Bart. M.P. for Hamp-
shire).
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Shaftes-
bury; two Members for Stockbridge;
one Member for Chester; and one
Member for Hindon.
102. GUILFORD, Earl of,
Y, of C. 1752
N. & S. The Rev. Francis North, M.A.
O. T. Baron Guilford of G., Surrey 1683
Offi. Rector of Southampton and Alvers-
ford, Hampshire.
Master of St. Cross Hospital, Win-
chester.
Bn, 17th Dec. . . . . . .
Suc. his cousin, as 6th Earl, 14th
Oct. . . . . . . . . .
Mar. first, Esther, dr. of the Rev.
J. Harrison, 20th Feb. . . 1798
Secondly, Harriet, dr. of Sir
Henry Warde, K.C.B. 4th
May . . . . . . . . 1826
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother,
Brownlow North, Esq.
To. Res. 18, Hertford-street, May-Fair,
Co. Se. Wroxton Abbey, near Banbury,
Oxfordshire, and Waldershare-Park,
near Dover.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Rev.
Charles-Augustus North, a prebend-
ary of Winchester: bro.-in-law to the
Rev. W. Garnier, and to the Hon. and
Rev. Thomas de Grey (second son of
Baron Walsingham), both prebendaries
of Winchester: cousin to Baron Wil-
loughby de Broke: second cousin to
the Marchioness of Bute.
Parl. Pat. The Member for Banbury.
1772
1827
89. HARBOROUGH, Earl of,
of H., Leicestershire, Y. of C. 1719
N. & S. Philip Sherard.
O. T. Baron Sherard of Harbo-
rough . . . . . . . . 1714
I. P. Baron Sherard of Lei-
trim . . . . . . 1627
Bn. 30th Aug. . . 1797
Suc. his father, as 6th Earl, 10th
Dec. . . . . . . . . . 1807
Co. Se, Stapleford, Leicestershire; and
Glaiston, Rutlandshire.
Jºel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Hon. Henry-Cecil Lowther, M.P. for
Westmoreland; (brother to Viscount
Lowther, Member for the same county,
and son to the Earl of Lonsdale),
also to Sir Thomas Whichcote, Bart.
104. HARDWICKE, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1754
N. & S. Philip Yorke, K.G., F.R.S., and
F.S.A

O. T. Viscount Royston . . . 1754
Baron Heardwicke, of H., Glou-
cestershire . . . . . . 1733
Offi. A Privy Councillor
Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Cam-
bridgeshire.
High Steward of Cambridge Univer-
sity.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Bn. 31st May . . . . . . 1757
Suc. his uncle, as 3d Earl, 16th
May . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of James, 5th
Earl of Balcarras, 24th July . 1782
H. Pre. His Lordship's half-brother, the
Right Hon. Charles-Philip Yorke, one
of the Tellers of the Exchequer.
To, Res. 3, James's-square.
Co. Se. Wimpole Hall, near Arrington,
Cambridgeshire; and Tyttenhanger,
near St. Alban's, Herts.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Reigate.
Rel. His Lordship is half-brother, also,
to Vice-Adm. Sir Joseph-Sydney
Yorke, K.C.B. and M.P. for Reigate
(married to the Dowager Marchioness
of Clanricarde, who is aunt to the
present Marquess): bro.-in-law to the
Bishop of Kildare: fit.-in-law to Vis-
count Pollington (3d son of the Earl
of Mexborough); to the Earl of Ca-
ledon; to Baron Stuart de Rothsay,
late Amb. Ext. to the Court of
France; and to Viscount Eastnor,
M.P. for Hereford (2d son of Earl
Somers): cousin to the Countess de
B. b.
1790



HARE (
HARR
186 )
Gray; to the Dowager Baroness
Grantham; and to Sir Gilbert Heath-
cote, Bart., M.P. for Rutlandshire:
2d cousin to Baron Grantham; and to
Viscount Goderich, Colonial Secretary.
His Lordship was Lord-Lieut. and Gov.-
Gen. of Ireland from 1801 to 1806.
159. HAREWOOD, Earl of,
Y. of Č. 1812 |
N. & S. Henry Lascelles.
O. T. Viscount Lascelles . . . 1812
Baron Harewood, of H., York-
shire . . . . . . . . 1796
Offi Lord-Lieut. and Cust.
Yorkshire.
High Steward of Allertonshire
Bn. 25th Dec. . . . . . . 1767
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 3d
April . . . . 1820
Mar. Henrietta, eld. dr. of Lieut.-
Gen. Sir J.-S. Sebright, Bart.,
3d Sept. . . . . . . . 1
H. Ap. Edward, Viscount Las-
celles, born in July . 1796
To. Res. 13, Hanover-square.
Co. Se. Harewood House, near We-
therby, Yorkshire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for North-
allerton.
- Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to Sir
John-Saunders Sebright, Bart., M.P.
for Hertfordshire: father to Viscount
Lascelles; to the Hon. Henry Las-
celles, M.P. for Northallerton (who
is son-in-law to the Marquess of
Bath: bro.-in-law to Viscount Wey-
mouth; to the Countess Cawdor; to
the Duchess of Buccleugh and
Queensbury; and to Lord William
Thynne, M.P. for Weobly); and to
the Hon. William-Saunders-Sebright
Lascelles (who is son-in-law to the
Earl of Carlisle: bro.-in-law to Vis-
count Morpeth, M.P. for Yorkshire;
to Countess Gower; to the lady of
the Hon. G.-J.-W. Agar Ellis, M.P.
for Oakhampton; and to the lady of
William Cavendish, Esq., M.P. for
Cambridge University): fa.-in-law to
the Earl of Sheffield; and to Edmund-
Berkeley Portman, Esq., M. P. for
Dorsetshire: uncle to the Earl of
Morton; and to the Countess of Aber-
deen: grand-uncle to the Marquess of
Abercorn.
95. HARRINGTON, Earl of,
Northamptonshire . Y of C. 1742
Rot. of
N. & S. Charles Stanhope.
O. T. Viscount Petersham, of P.,
Surrey . . . . . . . 1742
Baron Harrington, of H., North-
amptonshire . . . . . . . 1729
Offi. A Lord of the King's Bed-chamber.
Bn. 8th April . . . . . . 1780
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl, 15th
Sept. . . . . . . . . 1829
H. Ap. His Lordship's brother, Lieut.-
Col. the Hon. Lincoln-Edwin-Robert
Stanhope.
To. Res. Stable Yard, St. James's Pa-
lace.
Co. Se. Elvaston Hall, Derbyshire; and
Gawesworth, Cheshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Marquess of Tavistock, M.P. for Bed-
fordshire (son and heir to the Duke
of Bedford); and to the Duke of
Leinster: cousin to Baron Foley; to
the Earl of Sefton, M.P. for Droit-
wich; and to the Duke of Newcastle:
2d cousin to the Duke of Grafton; to
the lady of Lieut.-Gen. the Hon.
William Fitzroy; and to the Ba-
roness Churchill: 3d cousin to the
Earl of Euston, M.P. for Bury St.
Edmund's; and to Lord Charles Fitz-
roy, Jun., M.P. for Thetford.
357. HARRIS, Baron,
of Seringapatam and Mysore, East
Indies . . . . . . Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. William-George Harris.
Offi. A Major-General.
Bn. Jan. 17 . . . . . . . 1782
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, May 1829
Mar. First, Eliza-Serena-Anne,
dr. of W. Dick, Esq. . . 1809
Second, Miss Temple . . .
H. Ap. George-Francis-Robert,
born Aug. 14 . . . . . 1810
Co. Se. Belmont, Kent.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Rt. Hon. Stephen-
Rumbold Lushington, a Member of
the Privy Council.

157. HARROWBY, (1st) Earl of,
Y. of C. 1809
N. & S. Dudley Rider, D.C. L. and
F.S.A.
O. T. First Viscount Sandon, of
S., Staffordshire . . 1809
Baron Harrowby, of H., Lin-
colnshire - - - - . 1776
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Governor of the Charter House.
High Steward of Tiverton.
HAST (
HAWK
187 )
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Late Lord President of the Privy
Council.
Bn. Dec. 22 . . . . . . . 1762
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, June 20,1803
Mar. Susan, dr. of Granville, 1st
Marquess of Stafford, in . 1795
H. Ap. Dudley, Viscount Sandon,
M.P. for Tiverton, born May 23 1798
To. Res. 39, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Sandon Hall, Lichfield, Stafford-
shire; and Norton, Gloucestershire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to Henry,
Lord Bishop of Lichfield and Co-
ventry: father to Viscount Sandon,
and to the Hon. Granville-Dudley
Ryder, both Members for Tiverton:
fa.-in-law to Viscount Ebrington (son
of Earl Fortescue), M.P. for Devon-
shire; and to the Hon. John-James-
Stuart Wortley (son of Baron Wharn-
cliffe): bro.-in-law to the Marquess
of Stafford; to the lady of Edward,
Lord Archbishop of York; to Vis-
count Granville; and to the Duke
of Beaufort. The lady of Viscount
Sandon is aunt to the Marquess of
Bute; to Lord Patrick J.-H...-Crichton-
Stuart, M.P. for Cardiff; and to Henry-
Villars Stuart, Esq., M.P. for Ban-
bury.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Tiverton.
46. HASTINGS, Marquess of,
.K. . . . . Y. of C. 1816
N. & S. Geo.-Augustus-Francis-Rawdon
Hastings.
O. T. Earl of Rawdon,
Viscount Loudon {U.K. . 1816
Baron Rawdon, of R., York-
shire, G.B. . . . . . .
Baron Hastings, Molines and
Moles, Hungerford and New-
march, and Botreaux, E.P.
1461, 1445, 1426, and 1368
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1665
I. P. Earl of Moira . . . 1761
#aron Rawdon . . . . . . "
Offi. Hereditary Governor of the In-
corporated School and Hospital of
Repton.
Bn. Feb. 4 . . . . . . 1808
Suc. his father, as 2d Marquess,
Nov. 28 . . . . . . .
To. Res. Burlington Hotel, 29, Old
Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Rawdon Hall, Yorkshire;
Donington Hall, Leicestershire; and
1783
Loudon Castle, Ayrshire; and Moira,
Downshire.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the
Countess of Granard : son and heir to
the Countess of Loudon: cousin to
Wiscount Forbes, M.P. for Longford-
shire; to Baroness Rancliffe.

275. HAWKE, Baron,
of Towton, Yorkshire . Y. of C. 1776
N. & S. Edward-Wm.-Harvey Hawke.
Bn. July 15 . . . . . . . 1799
Suc. his father, as 4th Baron,
Nov. 29 . . . . . . .
Mar. Elizabeth-Francis, 2d dr. of
Sir J. Ramsden, Bart. (deceased)
Aug. 1 . . . . . . . . 1821
H. Pre. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Stanhope-Harvey Hawke.
Co. Se. Towton and Scarthingwel Halls,
and Womersley House, Yorkshire.
Rel. Brother-in-law to John-Charles
Ramsden, Esq. M.P. for Malton;
and to the Baroness Muncaster.
1824
260. HAY, Baron,
of Pedwardine Y. of C. G.B. 1711
N. & S. Thos.-Robert-Hay Drummond.
O. T. S. P. EARL of KINNour, 1633
Viscount Duplin - - { 1627
Baron Hay of Kinfauns . .
Offi. Lord Lyon King at Arms in Scot-
land.
Lord-Lieutenant of Perthshire, and
Colonel of the Perthshire Militia.
Bn, 5th April . . . . . . 1785
Suc. his father, as 10th Earl and
4th E. Baron, April 12 . 1804
Mar. Louisa Burton, 2d dr. of
Admiral, Sir Charles Rowley,
K.C.B. Aug. 17 . . . . . 18
H. Ap. George, Viscount Duplin,
born July 16 . . - . 1827
To. Res. 51, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Duplin Castle, and Cromlix Cot-
tage, Perthshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Rt. Rev. George, Lord Bishop of
Rochester: nephew to the Hon. and
Very Rev. Edward-Auriol-Hay Drum-
mond, Dean of Bocking, and Preben-
dary of York and Southwell: cousin
to Edward-William-Hay Drummond,
Esq. Keeper of the Records in the
Lion Office of Scotland.

24

209. HEREFORD, Lord Bishop of,
translated from Gloucester . , 1815
HERE (
188 ) HEYT
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Isaac Huntingford,
D.D., F.R.S.
Cons. Bishop of Gloucester in . 1802
O. Offi. Warden of Winchester College.
Co. Sc. Bishop's Palace, Hereford; and
Winchester College, Hampshire.
N.B. The Bishop of Hereford is Dio-
cesan over Herefordshire; and parts of
Shropshire, Montgomeryshire, Mon-
mouthshire, Radnorshire, and Wor-
cestershire;—all in the Province of
Canterbury.
178. HEREFORD, Viscount,
Premier Viscount in England,
Y., of C. 1549
N. & S. Henry Devereux.
O. T. A. Baronet.
Offi. Captain of the Band of Gentlemen
Pensioners.
Bn. Feb. 9 . . . . . . . 1777
Suc, his father, as 14th Viscount,
Dec. 31 . . . . . . . 1804
Mar. Frances-Elizabeth, 3d dr. of
the late Sir George Cornwall,
Bart., Dec. 12 . . . . . 1805
H. Ap. Henry Cornwall, Nov. 21 1807
Co. Se. Nantcribba Hall, Montgomery-
shire; and Tregoya, Brecon.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to Sir
James Cockburn, Bart., late Gov. and
Com.-in-Chief of the Bermuda Islands
(bro. to the Rt. Hon. Sir George
Cockburn, Admiral of the White, M.P.
for Plymouth); to the Right Hon.
Alexander Cockburn, Envoy Ext. and
Min. Plenipo. to the Republic of
Colombia; and to the Rev. William
Cockburn (bro.-in-law to Sir Robert
Peel).
37. HERTFORD, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1793
N. & S. Francis-Charles-Ingram-Sey-
mour Conway, K. G.
O. T. Earl of Yarmouth, Norfolk 1793
Wiscount Beauchamp, of Hache 1750
Baron Conway, of Ragley . . . 1702
I. P. Baron Conway and Kil-
lultagh, Antrimshire . . . 1703
Off. A Privy Councillor.
Cust. Fot. of Antrimshire.
Lord Warden of the Stannaries in
Cornwall.
Recorder of Coventry and Bodmyn.
Chief Steward and Vice Admiral of
the Duchy of Cornwall.
Prº, March 11 . . . . . 1777
Suc. his father, as 3d Marquess,
June 17 - - . . 1822
Mar. Miss Maria Fagniana, May
18 . . . . . . . . . 1798
H. Ap. Richard, Earl of Yar-
mouth, born Feb. 22. , 1800
To, Res. Dorchester House, Park-lane;
and Villa, Regent's Park.
Co. S. Ragley, Warwickshire; and Sud-
bourn Hall, near Woodbridge, Suf-
folk,
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to Lord
Henry, and Lord Robert Seymour,
Joint Clerks of the Crown, &c. in the
King's Bench, Ireland: 2d cousin to
Henry Seymour, Esq. Serjeant at
Arms to the House of Commons;
and to Horace-Beauchamp Seymour,
Esq., M.P. for Bodmyn.
Parl, Pat. Two Members for Oxford;
two Members for Aldeborough : one
Member for Bodmyn; and one Member
for Lisburn.
389. HEYTESBURY, (1st) Baron,
of H., Wiltshire . . Y. of C. 1828
N. & S. William A^Court, G.C.B.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . 1795
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Ambassador Extraordinary and Pleni-
potentiary at the Court of Russia.

Bn. May 11 . . . . . . . 1779
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, July
22 817

Mar. Maria-Rehecca, 2d dr. of
the Hon. William-Henry Bou-
verie (brother to the 2d Earl
Radnor), Oct. 3 . . . . . 1808
H. Ap. William-Henry-Ashe,
born July 11 . . . . . .
Res. Petersburg, Russia.
Co. Se. Heytesbury House, Wiltshire.
Rel. Brother to Edward-Henry A'Court,
Esq. Capt. R.N., and M. P. for
Heytesbury: bro.-in-law to the Hon.
Philip-Pleydell Bouverie, a Banker in
Westminster, and M. P. for Cocker-
mouth. The Baroness is cousin to the
present Earl of Radnor.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Heytes-
bury.


351. HILL, (1st) Baron,
of Almarer and Hawkestone,
Shropshire . . . . Y. of C. 1814
N. & S. Rowland Hill, G.C.B., K.T.S.,
K.M.T., K.S.G.
HILL (
HOLL
189 )
Offi. General Commanding in Chief of
the British Forces.
Col. of the 53d Regt. of Foot.
Governor of Hull, and
A Privy Councillor.
Bn, Aug. 11 . . . . . . . 1772
H. Pres. His Lordship's nephew, Sir
Rowland Hill, Bart. of Hawkestone,
M.P. for Shropshire.
To. Res. Westbourne House, Pad-
dington; and Commander-in-Chief’s
Office, Horse Guards.
Co. Se. Hardwicke Grange, Shrews-
bury.
Rel. Nephew to the Rev. Rowland Hill,
the celebrated dissenting preacher:
auncle to the Member for Shropshire:
brother to Sirs Robert - Chambre,
Francis-Bryan, and Thomas-Noel,
Hill, three distinguished military
officers.
111. HILLSBOROUGH, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1772
N. & S. Arthur-Blundell-Sandys-Trum-
bal Hill, D.C.L.
O. T. Viscount Fairford . . . 1772
Baron Harwich . . . . . 1756
I. P. MARQUEss of Down-
sHIRE . . . . . . . 1789
Earl and Viscount of Hills-
borough, Downshire . . . 1751
Wiscount Kilwarlin . . 1717
Baron Hill of Kilwarlin
Offi. Hereditary Constable of Hills-
borough Fort.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. Oct. 8 . . . . . . . . 1788
Suc. his father, as 3d Marquess
Sept. 7 . . . . . . . . 1801
Mar. Maria, eld, dr. of Other,
5th Earl of Plymouth, Oct. 25 1811
H. Ap. Arthur-Wills-Blundell-
Sandys-Trumbal-Windsor, Earl
of Hillsborough, born Aug. 6 - 1812
Co. Se. Hillsborough Castle, Downshire;
Hill Park, Kent; Timweston, Bucks;
Easthamstead, Berks; North Aston,
Oxon.
Rel. His Lordship is the eld. son of the
Baroness Sandys (Dowager Marchio-
ness of Downshire): brother to Lord
Arthur-Moyses-William Hill (2d son
and heir ap. of Baroness Sandys),
M. P. for Downshire: bro.-in-law to
the Earl of Plymouth; and to the
lady of the Hon. Robert-Henry Clive,
M.P. for Ludlow (who is son to the
*
Earl of Powis, and brother to Viscount
Clive, also Member for Ludlow). The
Marchioness is 2d cousin to the children
of the Hon. William-Wellesley-Long
Pole, by the late lamented Catherine-
Tylney Long, dr. and heiress of Sir
James-Tylney Long, Bart.
Parl. Pat. The Member for Carrick-
fergus,
270. HOLLAND, Baron,
of Holland, Lincolnshire Y. of C. 1762
N. & S. Henry-Richard-Vassal Fox,
F.R.S., and F.S.A.
O. T. Baron Holland, of Foxley,
Wiltshire . . . . . . 1763
Offi. Recorder of Nottingham.
A Privy Councillor.
Chancellor of the Duchy and County
Palatine of Lancaster.
Bn. Nov. 21 . . . . . . . 1773
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, Dec.
26 . . . . . . . . . 1774
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. and heiress of
Richard Vassal, Esq. and widow
of Sir Godfrey Webster, Bart.
July 9 . . . . . . . 1797
H. Ap. Henry- Edward, born
March 7 . . . . . . . 1802
To. Hes. 30, Old Burlington-street, and
Holland House, Kensington.
Co. Se. Foxley, Wiltshire; and Ampt-
hill Park, Bedfordshire.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the late
eminent statesman, the Right Hon.
Charles-James Fox.
78. HOME, Earl of Y. of C. 1605
A Representative Peer of Scotland;
elected Sept. 2 . . . . . .
N. & S. Alexander-Home Ramey.
O. T. S. P. Baron Home and
Dunglas . . . . . . . 1473
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Berwickshire.
Col. of the Berwick Militia. -
Bn. Nov. 11 . . . . . . . 1769
Suc, his father, as 10th Earl, Oct. 8 1786
Mar, Elizabeth, 2d dr. of Henry,
3d Duke of Buccleugh, Nov. 9 1798
H. Ap. Cospatrick-Alexander,
Lord Dunglas, born Oct. 27 . 1799
Co. Se. Hirsal, Berwickshire.
Rel. The Countess is aunt to the Duke
of Buccleugh; to the lady of Viscount
Stopford (son to the Earl of Courtown);
and to the lady of the Hon. Peregrine-
Francis Cust (bro. to Earl Brownlow,
and to the Hon. Edward Cust, M.P.
for Lostwithiel), M.P. for Clitheroe.



HOOD (
HOWA
190 )
188. HOOD, Viscount,
of Whitley, Warwickshire Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. Henry Hood.
O. T. Baron Hood, of Cather-
ington, Hants . . . . . 1795
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1778
I. P. Baron Hood, of Cather-
ington . . . . . . . 1782
Bn. Aug. 26 . . . . . . . 1753
Suc. his mother, in the English
Barony, May 25 . . . . . 1806
his father, as 2d Wiscount,
Jan. 27 . . . . . . 1814
Mar. Jane, dr. and heiress of F.
Wheeler, Esq. of Whitley, War-
wickshire, in . . . . . . 1774
H. Ap. His Lordship's grandson,
Samuel, Lieut. of the 3d Foot
Guards, born Jan. 10 . . 1808
Co. Se. Whitley Abbey, near Coventry;
Catherington House, Hampshire.
Rel. 2d cousin to Baron Bridport.
349. HOPETOUN & NIDDRY,
Baron, of H. and N. Castle, Linlith-
gowshire, . Y. of C. 1809 and 1814.
N. & S. John Hope.
O. T. S. P. EARL OF HOPE-
TOU N . . . .
Viscount Aithrie .
Baron Hope, of Lanark -
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Hereditary Sheriff
of Linlithgowshire.
Hereditary Keeper of Lochmaben
Castle.
Bn. 15th Nov. . . . . . . 1803
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl and 2d
Baron, 27th Aug. . . . . 1823
Mar. Louisa, eldest daughter of
Godfrey, 3d Baron Macdonald of
Slate, 4th June . . . . . 1826
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. James Hope, a Captain in the
2d Foot Guards.
Co. Se. Hopetoun House, Linlithgow-
shire; Raehills, Dumfriesshire; and
Ormiston House, Haddingtonshire.
Jºel. Cousin-in-law to Admiral Sir Wil-
liam-Johnstone Hope, G.C.B. K.T.S.,
and nephew to the Hon. Sir Alexander
Hope, G.C.B. and M.P. for Linlith-
gowshire: cousin to Henry-Thomas
Hope, Esq. M.P. for East Looe: son-
in-law to the present Baron Macdonald
(Lord of the Isles).
... 1703
239. HOWARD, Baron,
of Effingham, Surrey, . Y. of C. 1553
N. & S. Kenneth-Alexander Howard,
G.C.B. and K.T.S.
Offi. A Lieut. General.
Col. of the 70th Regt. of Foot.
Bn. 29th Nov. . . . . . .
Suc. his kinsman, Richard, 4th
Earl of E., as 11th Baron, Dec.
11th . . . . . . . . . 1816
Mar. Charlotte, dr. of Neil, 3d
Earl of Roseberry, 27th May . 1800
H. Ap. Henry Howard, Esq., M.P.
for New Shoreham, born 23d
Aug. . . . . . . . . 1806
Co. Se. The Grange, near Rotheram,
Yorkshire.
Rel, Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Roseberry.
1767
241. HOWARD DE WALDEN,
of W. Essex, Baron, . Y. of C. 1597
N. & S. Charles-Augustus Ellis.
Bn, 5th June . . . . . . . 1799
Suc. his great-grandfather, the 4th
Earl of Bristol, in this Barony,
(in right of his mother, deceased,
who was daughter of Lord Her-
vey, eldest son of the said Earl)
8th July . . . . . . . 1803
Mar. Lucy, 3d dr. of William-
Henry, 4th Duke of Portland,
8th Nov. . . . . . . . 1828
To. Res. 2, Audley-square.
Co. Se. Claremont, Surrey.
Rel. Son of Baron Seaford: brother to
Major the Hon. Augustus-Frederick
Ellis, M.P. for Seaford: son-in-law
to the Duke of Portland: nephew to
the Marquess of Bristol, and to the
Countess of Erne: cousin to the Earl
of Jermyn, M.P. for Bury St. Ed-
munds. The Baroness is sister to the
Marquess of Titchfield: niece to the
Right Hon. George Frederick Caven-
dish Bentinck, G.C.B., M. P. for
King's Lynn.

401. HOWE, Baroness,
of Langar, Notts. . Y. of C. 1788
N. & S. Sophia-Charlotte Waller.
Bn. 19th Feb. . . . . . . 1762
Suc. her father, the first Baron,
5th August . . . . . . 1799
Mar. First, Penn-Asheton, eldest
son of Asheton, first Viscount
Curzon, 31st July . . . . 1787
Secondly, Sir Jonathan-Wathen
Waller, Bart., in . . . 1812
H. Ap. Richard-William, Earl
Howe, born 11th Dec. . . 1796
To, Res. 9, Norfolk-street, Park-lane.


HOWE (
ILCH
191 )
Co. Se. Pope's Villa, Twickenham,
Middlesex; and Gopsal Hall, Lei-
cestershire.
Rel. Her Ladyship is daughter to the
late gallant Admiral Howe: mother
of Earl Howe: aunt to the Marquess
of Sligo: sister-in-law to Baron Stow-
ell; and to the Hon. Robert Curzon,
M.P. for Clitheroe (married to the
Baroness Zouche).
171. HOWE, (1st) Earl,
of Langar, Notts. Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Richard-William-Penn-Cur-
zon Howe.
O. T. Viscount Curzon . . 1802
Baron Curzon, of Penn House,
Bucks . . . . . . .
Offi. A Trustee of Rugby School.
Bn. 11th Dec. . . . . . .
Suc. his grandfather, as second
Viscount, 19th March . . .
Mar. Harriet-Georgiana, second
dr. of Robert, 6th Earl of Car-
digan, 19th March . . . .21820
H. Ap. George-Augustus-Frede-
rick-Louis, Wiscount Curzon,
born 16th Jan. . . . . . 1821
To. Res. 8, South Audley-street.
Co. Se. Penn House, Bucks; Hag-
ley, Staffordshire; and Whalley Ab-
bey, Lancashire.
Rel. His Lordship is son and heir to
Baroness Howe: cousin to the Mar-
quess of Sligo: son-in-law to the Earl
of Cardigan: bro.-in-law to Lord
Brudenell, M.P. for Fowey ; and to
the lady of Lord Bingham (son and
heir to the Earl of Lucan), nephew to
the Hon. Robert Curzon, M.P. for
Clitheroe (who is married to the Ba-
roness Zouche).
Parl. Pat. One Member for Clitheroe.
1794
1796
1820
52. HUNTINGDON, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1529
N.&S. Francis-Theophilus-Henry Has-
tings.
O. T. Baron Hastings, of Ashby-
de-la-Zouch, Leicestershire . 1461
Bn. 28th Nov. . . . . . . 1808
Suc. his father, as 12th Earl, Dec. 1828
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. John-Armstrong Hastings.
To. Res. 47, Baker-street.
Co. Se. Chan House, Radnorshire.
200. HUTCHINSON, Wiscount,
Y. of C. U.K. 1821
N. & S. John Hely Hutchinson,
G.C.B. K.C. F.S.A.
First Baron Hutchinson, of Alex-
andria and Knocklofty . .
O. T.I.P. EARL of Donough-
MoRE . . . . . . . 1800
Wiscount Suirdale . . . . . 1797
Baron Donoughmore of Knock-
lofty . . . . . . . . 1783
Offi. Governor of Stirling Castle.
A General Officer, and
Col. of the 18th Regt. of Foot.
Bn. 15th May - - . 1757
Suc. his brother, as second Viscount
and Earl, 22d Aug. . . . 1825.
H. Pres. His Lordship's nephew, John-
Hely Hutchinson, Esq.
Co. Se. Palmerston, near Dublin; and
Knocklofty House, co. Tipperary.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle to the
Ladies of the Very Reverend the
Deans of Cloyne and Ross, viz. T.
Burgh and J. F. Bond; and to the
Lady of Thomas Bernard, Esq. M.P.
for King's County.
1801


105. ILCHESTER, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1756.
N. & S. Henry-Stephen-Fox Strang-
ways, D.C.L.
O. T. Baron Ilches- somer-R
ter and Stavordale Set- 1746
Baron Redlynch . . ( shire. §
Bn. 21st Feb. . . . . . . . 1787
Suc. his father, as third-Earl, 5th
Sept. . . . . . . . . . 1802.
Mar. Caroline-Leonora, dr. of the
late Rt. Hon. and Rt. Rev. Geo.
Murray, D.D. Lord Bishop of
St. David's, 6th Feb. . - 1812:
H. Ap. Henry, Lord Stavordale
born 7th Jan. . . . . . . 1816.
To. Res. 31, Old Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Melbury House, near Sher-
borne, Dorset; Redlynch, Somerset-
shire; and Abbotsbury Castle, near
Dorchester.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Sir Christopher Cole,
K.C.B. Capt. R.N. ; and to the Mar-
quess of Lansdowne: uncle to the
Earl of Kerry. His Lordship's child-
ren are second-cousins to the Duke of
Athol; to Baron Glenlyon; and to
the Wiscountess Strathallan.
75. JERSEY, Earl of,
- Y. of C. 1697.
N. & S. George-Child Villiers.

KEIT (
KENY
192 )
O. T. Viscount Williers of Dart-
ford . . . . . . . 1690
Baron Williers of Hoo, Kent
I. P. Viscount Grandison . 1620
Bn. 19th August . . . . . 1773
Suc.his father, as 5th Earl,22d Aug. 1805
Mar. Sarah-Sophia, eldest daugh-
ter of John, 10th Earl of West-
moreland, May 23d . . . 1804
H. Ap. George-Augustus-Frede-
rick, Wiscount Villiers, M.P. for
Rochester, born 4th April . . 1808
To. Res. 38, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Osterley Park, Middlesex; and
Middleton Park, near Bicester, Ox-
fordshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to
Lord William Russel, M.P. for Ta-
vistock (who is uncle to the Duke of
Bedford); to the Hon. Charles-William
Wyndham (bro. to the Earl of Egre-
mont; father to Wadham Wyndham,
Esq. M.P. for New Sarum); to the
Duke of Argyll; to Baron Ponsonby;
and to the Hon. and Rev. Richard
Bagot, Lord Bishop of Oxford: uncle
to Baron Durham; and to the Lady of
the Hon. Henry-Grey Bennet (bro. to
the Earl of Tankerville, and late Mem-
ber for Shrewsbury); to the children of
the present Marquess of Anglesey by
his first wife (now Duchess of Argyll)
viz. the Earl of Uxbridge, M.P. for
Angleseyshire (who married the niece
of his stepfather, the Duke of Argyll);
to Lord William Paget; to the Duchess
of Richmond; to the Lady of the Earl
of Mountcharles (eldest son of the
Marquess of Conyngham), M.P. for
Donegalshire; and to the Lady of
Arthur Chichester, Esq., M.P. for
Wexfordshire (nephew to the Mar-
quess of Donegal).
403. KEITH, Baroness,
of Banheath, Dumbartonshire,
- Y. of C. U. K. 1803
N. & S. Margaret-Mercer Elphinstone.
O. T. I. P. Baroness Keith, of
Stonehaven Marischal, Dumbar-
tonshire . . . . .
Bn, in . . . . . .
1797
. 1788
Suc, her father, the gallant Ad-
miral, George, Wiscount Keith, in 1823
Mar. Auguste-Charles-Joseph,
Count de Flahaulte, 28th July. 1817
To, Res. 103, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. East-Cliff Lodge, Kent; and
Aldie, Perthshire.

291. KENYON, Baron,
of Gredington, Flintshire, Y. of C. 1788
N. & S. George Kenyon, D.C.L. and
F.S.A.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . I784
Offi. A Bencher of the Middle Temple.
Custos Brevium of the King's Bench.”
Bn, 22d July . . . . . . . 1776
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 4th
April . . . . . . . 1802
Mar. Margaret-Emma, dr. of Sir T.
Hanmer, Bart. (deceased), Feb. 1 1803
H. Ap. Lloyd, born 1st April . 1805
To. Res. 9, Portman-square.
Co. Sc. Gredington Hall, Ellesmeres,
Flintshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Thomas Kenyon, Clerk of the Out-
lawries in the Court of King's Bench.

360. KER, Baron,
of Kerstreugh, Roxburghshire,
Y. of C. U. K. 1821
N. & S. John-William-Robert Ker.
O. T. S. P. MARqu Ess of
Lot HIAN. . . . . . . 1701
Earl of Lothian and Ancrum
1633 and 1606
Viscount of Brien . . . . 1701
Baron Ker of Newbottle - . 1591
Baron Jedburgh . . . . . 1622
Offi. Recorder of the Borough of Hunt-
ingdon
Lord Lieutenant of Płorburghshire.
Col. of the Edinburgh Militia.
Bn 1st Feb. . . . . . . . 1794
Suc. his father, as 7th Marquess,
and second English Baron,
Apr. 27th . . . . . . . 1824
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, Lord
Henry-Francis-Charles Ker.
To, Res. 33, Clarges-street, Picadilly.
Co. Se. Newbottle House, Mid-Lothian;
and Mount-Teviot Lodge, Roxburgh-
shire.

* Custos Brevium is a clerk of the Court of King's Bench, who files writs
and all warrants of attorney, and transcribes or makes out all records of Nisi Prius.
There is a similar officer in the Common Pleas, who has the charge of the writs
and records of Nisi Prints.
KING (
193 ) LAKE
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to Viscount
Valletort, M. P. for Plympton: to
the Hon. George Edgecumbe, Sec.
of Legation in Switzerland; and to
the Countess Brownlow (sons and
daughter to the Earl of Mount-Edge-
cumbe): 3d Cousin to the Earl of
Buckinghamshire.
262. KING, Baron,
of Ockham, Surrey
N. & S. Peter King.
Bn. 31st Aug.
Suc. His father, as
23rd Nov. . . . . .
Mar. Hester, dr. of Hugh, 1st
Earl Fortescue, 26th May . . 1804
H. Ap, William, born 20th Feb. 1805
To. Res. 38, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Ockham Park, near Ripley,
Surrey; and Ashley Lodge, near
Nunehead, Somersetshire.
Rel. His Lordship is son-in-law to Earl
Fortescue: bro.-in-law to Viscount
Ebrington, M. P. for Devonshire; to
the Hon. George-Matthew Fortescue,
M. P. for Hindon; to the lady of the
Hon. Newton Fellowes, (brother, and
heir pres, to the Earl of Portsmouth);
and to the lady of George Wilbraham,
Esq., M. P. for Stockbridge. The
Baroness is cousin to the Duke of
Buckingham; to Baron Nugent, M. P.
for Aylesbury; and to the Baroness
Arundell of Wardour: 2d cous. to the
Marquess of Chandos, M. P. for
Buckinghamshire.
His Lordship has lately distinguished
himself in the literary world by being
the author of the life of his kinsman,
the immortal John Locke.
. Y. of C. 1725
- . 1776
7th Baron,
129. KINGSTON, Earl of,
- Y. of C. 1768
A Representative Peer of Ireland
..for life (though a Baron of the
U. K.), elected in . . 1800
N. & S. George King,
O. T. 1st Baron Kingston of
Michelstown, U. K. 9th July 1821
I. P. Viscount Kingsborough 1766
Baron Kingston . . . 1764
Offi. A Governor of the Co. of Cork.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
A Baronet of Ireland . 1682
Bn. 28th April . . . . . . 1771
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, 17th
April 1799
- -
Mar. Helena, dr. of Stephen, 1st
Earl of Mountcashel, 7th May 1794
H. Ap. Edward, Wiscount Kings-
borough, born in . . . . 1795
To. Res. 3, Whitehall-place.
Co. Se. Mitchelstown Castle, Corkshire.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Hon.
Robert King, M. P. for Corkshire:
brother to Viscount Lorton; and to
Maj.-Gen. the Hon. Henry King,
C.B., M. P. for Sligoshire: cousin to
the Wiscountess Lorton: uncle to the
Earl of Mountcashel; to the lady of
William-Yates Peel, Esq., M. P. for
Yarmouth: bro.-in-law to George-
Robert Dawson, Esq., M. P. for
Harwich; and to the Hon. Robert
King (son of Viscount Lorton), M. P.
for Corkshire.

195. LAKE, Viscount
Y. of C, 1807
N. & S. Francis-Gerard Lake.
O. T Baron Lake, of Delhi, Las-
waree; and Aston-Clinton, Bucks 1804
Offi. A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
A Lieut.-General in the Army.


Bn. 31st March . . - . 1772
Suc. his father, as 2d Wiscount,
20th Feb. - 1808

Mar. Priscilla, dr. of Sir C. Whit-
worth, and widow of Sir Bel-
lingham Graham, Bart., 1st Jan. 1800
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Warwick Lake.
Co. Se. Aston-Clinton, Buckingham-
shire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Col. Sir John
Harvey, K.C.B., one of his Majesty's
Aides-de-camp. The Viscountess was
sister to the late Earl Whitworth,
who was ambassador to the Courts of
France, Petersburgh, &c.

31. LANSDOWNE, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1784
N. & S. Henry-Fitzmaurice Petty,
D.C. L. F.R.S.
O. T. Earl of Wycombe . . 1784
Viscount Calne and Calstone,
Bucks . . . . . . .
Baron Wycombe, of Chipping
W., Bucks . . . . . 1760
I. P. Earl of Kerry and Shel-
burne . 1722 & 1753
Wiscount Clanmaurice and Fitz-
maurice . . . . 1722
Baron of Kerry, Lixnaw, and
Dunkerron . 1250
C C
LAUD (
LE DE
194 )
Offi. Lord President of the King's
Council”.
Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire.
A Privy Councillor.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
President of the Zoological Society.
Lord Rector of the University of
Glasgow.
Bn. 2d July . . . . . . . 1780
Suc. his brother, as 3d Marquess,
15th Nov. . . . . . . . 1809
Mar. Louisa-Emma, 5th dr. of
Henry-Thomas, 2d Earl of Il-
chester, 30th March . . . 1808
H. Ap. William-Thomas, Earl
of Kerry, born 30th March . 1811
To. Res. Lansdowne House, 54, Berke-
ley-square. -
Co. Se. Bowood, near Chippenham,
Wiltshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Ilchester; and to the lady of
Sir Christopher Cole, K.C.B. Capt.
R. N.: cousin to the Right Hon.
Maurice Fitzgerald, Knight of Kerry,
and M. P. for Kerryshire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Calne.
340. LAUDERDALE, (1st) Baron,
of Thirlestane, Berwickshire,
Y. of C. U. K. 1806
N. & S. James Maitland, K.T.
O. T. S. P. EARL of LAUDER-
DALE . . . . . . . 1624
Viscount Maitland and Lauder-
dale . 1616 & 1624
Baron Thirlestane, Boltoun, and
Lauderdale . . . . . . 1590
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1672
Offi. Heritable Royal Standard-Bearer
of Scotland.
A Privy Councillor.
An Advocate at the Scottish Bar.
Bn. Jan. 26 . . 1759
Suc. his father,
Aug. 17 . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Eleanor, dr. and heiress of
Anthony Todd, Esq., Aug. 15 1782
H. Ap. James, Viscount Mait-
land, M.P. for Appleby, born
Feb. 12 . . . . . . . . 1784
To. Res. Warren's Hotel, Regent-street,
Pall-mall.
Co. Seats. Thirlestane, and Lauder
as ath Earl,
1789
Castle, Berwickshire; Dunbar House,
East Lothian.
Rel. Besides the Member for Appleby,
his Lordship is father also to the Hon.
Anthony Maitland, a Captain in the
Royal Navy, and M.P. for Berwick-
shire: fa.-in-law to John Warrender,
Esq., (who is brother to the Rt. Hon.
Sir George Warrender, Bart., a Com-
missioner for the affairs of India, and
M.P. for Honiton): uncle to the
Marquess of Tweeddale; and to Lord
John Hay, a Capt. in the R. Navy,
and M.P. for Haddingtonshire.


231. LE DESPENCER, Baron,
Premier Baron in England.
Y. of C. 1264
N. & S. Thomas Stapleton.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . 1787
Bn. Nov. 10 . . . . 1706
Suc. his father as 17th Baron,
May 16 . . . . . . . .
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of S. Elliot,
Esq., of Antigua . . . . . 1791
H. Ap. Thomas, born April 24 . 1792
Rel. His Lordship's eldest son is son-in-
law to H. Bankes, M.P. for Dorset-
shire: bro.-in-law to G. Bankes, Esq.,
M.P. for Corfe Castle; and to W. J.
Bankes, Esq., M.P. for Marlborough.
Co. Seats. Gray's Court, Oxfordshire;
and Mereworth Castle, Kent.
The Baron is fa.-in-law to the Earl of
Roden ; to Charles Brodrick, Esq.,
(nephew to Viscount Middleton); and
to Col. the Hon. H. R. Paken-
ham (brother to the Earl of Long-
ford). His lordship's nephew, I.-H...-T.
Stapleton, is son-in-law to Baron
Southampton.
15. LEEDS, Duke of Y. of C. 1694
N. & S. George-William-Frederick Os-
borne, K.G.
O. T. Earl of Danby . 1674
Wiscount Latimer of Danby.
Baron Osborne, of Kiveton, - 1673
Yorkshire . . . . .
Baron Conyers . . . . . . 1509
A Baronet . - - . 1620
Marquess of Carmarthen . . 1689
S. P. Viscount Dunblane, in
Perthshire . . . . . . 1675
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
* The President of the Council is the fourth great officer of state in England.
His office is to attend on the King on all matters of public import, to propose bu-
siness at the Council Table, and to report to His Majesty the transactions which take
place there.
LEIN (
LICH
195 )
Late Master of the Horse to the King.
Governor of the Islands of Scilly.
Lord Lieut. of the North Riding of
Yorkshire.
Ranger of Richmond Forest, York-
shire.
Constable of Middleham Castle.
Bn. July 21 . . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 6th Duke,
Jan. 31 . . . . . . .
Mar. Charlotte, dr. of George, 1st
Marquess Townshend, Aug. 17 1797
H. Ap. Fran.-Godolphin D’Arcy,
Marquess of Carmarthen, born
May 2l . . . . . . . 1798
To. Res. Whitehall.
Co. Se. Hornby Castle, Catterick, York-
shire.
Rel. Father to the Marquess of Carmar-
then, (who is mar. to Louisa-Catherine,
3d dr. of R. Caton, Esq., of Mary-
land in America, widow of Sir F.-E.-B.
Harvey, Bart., and sister to the Mar-
chioness Wellesley): brother to Lord
Francis-Godolphin Osborne, M.P. for
Cambridgeshire, (who is bro.-in-law
to Baron Auckland): uncle to the Earl
of Chichester.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Helstone.
1755
183. LEINSTER, Viscount,
of Taplow, Bucks . . Y. of C. 1746
W. & S. Augustus-Frederick Fitz-
gerald.
O. T. I. P. DUKE of LEINSTER 1766
Marquess of Kildare . . . . 1761
Earl of Kildare . . . . 1316
Premier Peer, Marquess, and
Earl of Ireland.
Baron of Offaley, King's Co. . 1205
Offi. Governor and Cust. Rot. of the
County of Kildare.
Bn. Aug. 21 . . . . . . . 1791
Suc. his father, as 3d Duke, Oct. 20 1804
Mar. Charlotte-Augusta, youngest
dr. of Charles, 3d Earl of Har-
rington, June 16 . . . . . 1818
H. Ap. Charles-William, Mar-
quess of Kildare, born March 30 1819
To. Res. 6, Carlton-house Terrace.
Co. Se. Carlton House, Maynouth, Co.
Kildare.
Rel. His grace is brother to Lord Wil-
liam-Charles-O’Brien Fitzgerald, M.P.
for Kildare; to the Viscountess de
Chabot; to Baroness Foley; and to
the Dow. Baroness Kinnaird : uncle
to Sir Charles Ross, Bart.; to Sir Ed-
ward-Baker-Baker, Bart, ; and to Lord
Kinnaird : bro.-in-law to the present
Earl of Harrington, and to the Mar-
chioness of Tavistock.
215. LICHFIELD & COVENTRY,
Lord Bishop of, translated from
Gloucester . . . . . . . . 1824
N. & S. Hon. and Rt. Rev. Henry
Ryder, D.D., Dean of Wells.
Bn. 21st July . . . . . 1777
Cons. Bishop of Gloucester in . 1815
Mar. Sophia, daughter of Thomas-
March Phillips, Esq. . . . 1802
To. Res. 5, Belgrave-street, Bel-
grave square.
Co. Sc. Bishop's Palace, Lichfield.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Harrowby;
and to the Right Hon. Granville Dud-
ley Ryder, M.P. for Tiverton: uncle
to Wiscount Sandon, also M.P. for
Tiverton; to Capt. Saurin, R.N.; and
to the Lady of the Hon. Charles-Stuart
Wortley, M.P. for Bossiney.
N. B. The diocess of Lichfield and
Coventry is in the Province of Canter-
bury; and the spiritual authority of the
Bishop extends over Staffordshire, Derby-
shire, and parts of Warwickshire and
Shropshire.

318. LILFORD, Baron,
of L., Northamptonshire Y. of C. 1797
N. & S. Thomas Atherton Powis.
Bn. Dec. 2 . . . . . . 1801
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron,
July 4 . . . . . . . . 1825
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Robert-Vernon Powis.
To. Res. Clarendon Hotel, 169, New
Bond-street.
Co. Se. Lilford Park, near Oundle, Nor-
thamptonshire: and Bewsey Hall,
near Warrington, Lancashire.
146. LIMERICK, (1st) Earl of,
Y. of C. 1803
A Representative Peer of Ireland
for life (though entitled to sit in
the House of Lords as Baron
of the U.K.), elected in . . 1800
N. & S. Edmund-Henry Pery, M.R.I.A.
O. T. 1st BARoN Fox Ford, of
Stackpole Court, Clareshire, U.K. 1815
1st Viscount Limerick . . . 1803
I. P. Baron Glentworth, of
Mallow . . . . . . . 1790
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Bn. Jan. 8th . . . - - -
Suc. his father, who was likewise
Lord Bishop of Killaloe, as 2d
1758
LINC ( 196 ) LLAN

Baron, July 7th . . . 1794 A Baronet . . . . . . . 1661
Mar. Alice-Mary, dr. and heiress Bn. 29th May . . . . . . 1785
of H. Ormsby, Esq. of Cloghan,
Mayoshire, Jan. 29th . . 1783
H. Ap. Henry-Hartstonge, Lord
Glentworth, born May 29th . 1789
To. Res. 4, Mansfield-street, Portland-
place.
Co. Se, Southill Park, Bracknell, Berk-
shire; and Limerick, Ireland.
Rel, His Lordship is fa.-in-law to
Thomas-Spring Rice, Esq. M.P. for
Limerick: cousin to the Viscountess
Northland; and to the lady of Nichol-
son Calvert, Esq. M. P. for Hertford-
shire (who is father to John Calvert,
Esq., Sec. to the Lord Chamberlain,
and M. P. for Huntingdon; brother
to Charles Calvert, Esq. M. P. for
Southwark): 2d cousin to the Hon.
Thomas Knox, M.P. for Dungannon;
and to the Hon. John-Henry Knox,
M.P. for Newry (who is son-in-law to
the Earl of Kilmorey),
217. LINCOLN, Lord Bishop of,
translated from Bristol . . . . 1827
N. & S. Rt. Rev. John Kaye, D.D.,
F.R.S.
O. Offi. Master of Christ's College, and
Regius Professor of Divinity at the
University of Cambridge.
Cons. Bishop of Bristol in . . 1820
Co. Se. Buckden Palace, Huntingdon-
shire.
N. B. The Bishop of Lincoln's spiritual
authority extends over Lincolnshire,
Leicestershire, Huntingdonshire, Bed-
fordshire, Buckinghamshire, and part
of Hertfordshire;—all in the Province
of Canterbury.
57. LINDSEY, Earl of,
of Uffington, Lincolnshire Y. of C. 1626
N. & S. Albemarle-George-Augustus-
Frederick Bertie.
Bn. 4th Nov. . . . . . . . 1814
Suc, his father, as 10th Earl, 17th
Sept. . . . . . . . . . 1818
II. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Montagu-Peregrine Bertie.
Co. Se. Grimsthorpe Castle, Lincolnshire.
His Lordship is a MINort.
124. LIVERPOOL, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. Charles-Cecil-Cope Jenkinson.
O. T. Baron Hawkesbury, Glou–
cestershire . . . . 1786
Suc. his half brother, as 3d Earl,
14th Dec. . . . . . . . 1828
Mar. Julia, dr. of Sir G.-A.-W.-
S. Evelyn (deceased), July 19th 1810
H. Pres. His Lordship's nephew, James
Walter, Wiscount Grimston.
To. Res. 45, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se, Pitchford Hall, near Shrewsbury;
and Bucksted Park, near Uckfield,
Sussex. -
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Verulam:
cousin to the Rt. Rev. John, Lord
Bishop of St. David's.


225. LLANDAFF, Lord Bishop of,
consecrated in . . . . . . . 1827
N.&S. Rt. Rev. Edward Copleston, D.D.
O. Offi. Dean of St. Paul's, London.
To. Res. The Deanery, St. Paul's.
Co. Se. Llandaff Court, Glamorganshire.
N. B. The Bishop of Iſlandaff exercises
his spiritual authority over only a part
of Monmouthshire and part of Gla-
morganshire. His Diocess is in the
Province of Canterbury.
326. LOFTUS, Baron,
of Long L., Yorkshire Y. of C.U.K. 1801
N. &. S. John Loftus, K.P. and D.C.L.
O. T. I. P. MARQUEss or ELY,
in Wicklowshire . . . . 1800
Earl of Ely . . . . . . . 1794
Viscount Loftus, of Ely. . 1789
Baron Loftus, of L. Hall, Wex-
fordshire . . . . . . . 1785
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Cust. Rot. of Wexfordshire.
A Governor of the Cos. of Weaford
and Fermanagh.
Col. of the Wexford Militia.
Bn. Feb. 15th . . . . . . 1770
Suc. his father, as 2d Marquess and
Baron, Mar. 22d . . 1806
Mar. Anna-Maria, eld. dr. of
Sir Henry-Watkin Dashwood,
Bart, May 22d . . . . . 1810
H. Ap. John-Henry, Viscount
Loftus, born Jan. 19th . . . 1814
To. Res. 8, Connaught-place.
Co. Se. Rathfarnham Castle, near Dublin;
Ely Castle, Fermanagh; and Loftus
Hall, Wexford Co., Ireland.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Rt.
Hon. and Rt. Rev. Lord Robert-
Ponsonby-Tottenham Loftus, D.D.,
Bishop of Clogher (who is bro.-in-law
to Viscount Hawarden, to the Dean



LOND (
LONS
197 )
of Clogher, and to the Baroness Dun-
ally).
Parl. Pat. The Member for Wexford.
204. LONDON, Lord Bishop of,
translated from Chester in . . . 1828
N. & S. Rt. Hon. and Rt. Rev. Charles-
James Blomfield, D.D.
O. Offi. Dean of the Chapel Royal.
A Privy Councillor.
Provincial Dean of Canterbury.
Visitor of Sion College, and one of the
Visitors of Harrow School.
An Official Trustee of the British
Museum.
President of the Society for the relief
of Widows and Children of Clergy-
men in the Diocess of London.
Cons. Bishop of Chester in . . 1824
To. Res. 22, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Fulham House, Middlesex.
N. B. The Bishop of Londonis Diocesan
of Middlesex, Essex, and part of Hert-
fordshire;—all in the Province of Can-
terbury.
131. LONGFORD, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1785
A Representative Peer of Ireland for
life (though a Baron of the U.K.);
elected in . . . . . . 1800
N.&S. Thomas Pakenham, K.P.F.S.A.
O. T. 1st BARoS SILCHESTER,
of S., Southampton, U. K.
July 9th . . . . . . . 1821
I. P. Baron Pakenham . . . 1756
Offi. Cust. Rot. of the co. Westmeath.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn, 14th May . . . . . . 1774
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, 3d
June . . . . . . . .
– his grandmother, as 1st Earl,
27th Jan. . . . . . . . 1794
Mar. Georgiana, dr. of William,
1st Earl Beauchamp, Jan. . . 1817
H. Ap. Edward-Michaels, Lord
Silchester, born 30th October . 1817
Co. Se. Pakenham Hall, Westmeath;
and Longford Castle, Longfordshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Hercules Pakenham, C.B. (Aide-
de-camp to the King—son-in-law
to Baron Le Despencer, and bro.-in-
law to the Countess of Roden); to the
Hon. and Rev. Henry Pakenham,
Archdeacon of Emly; and to the
Duchess of Wellington: uncle to the
Marquess of Douro, M.P. for Alde-
1792
burgh: bro.-in-law to the Earl of
Beauchamp; and to Lieut.-Col. the
Hon. Henry Beauchamp Lygon, M.P.
for Worcestershire : 2nd cousin to
Baron Longford of Somerhill; and to
the Marquess of Headfort.
156. I.ONSDALE, (1st) Earl of,
of Lowther-Castle, Westmoreland,
Y. of C. U. K. 1807
N. & S. William Lowther, K.G. F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount and Baron Low-
ther, of Whitehaven, Cumber-
land . . . . . . . 1797
A Baronet . . . . . . 1764
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Cumberland and
Westmoreland.
A Colonel in the Army and of the
Cumberland Militia.
Recorder of Carlisle.
Bn. 29th Dec. . . . . . .
Suc, his kinsman, as 2nd Wiscount,
&c. in . . . . . . . .
Mar. Augusta, dr. of John, 9th
Earl of Westmoreland, 12th
July . . . . . . . . . 1781
H. Ap. William, Viscount Low-
ther, a Director of Greenwich
Hospital, &c. M.P. for West-
moreland, born 31st Jan. . . 1787
To. Res. 12, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Lowther Castle, Westmore-
land; Cottesmore Park, near Oakam,
Rutlandshire; and Whitehaven Castle,
Cumberland.
Re!. Besides Viscount Lowther, his
Lordship is father also to the Hon.
Henry-Cecil Lowther, the other Mem-
ber for Westmoreland (who is a Lieut.-
Col. in the Army, and brother-in-
law to the Earl of Harborough): fa.-
in-law to the Rt. Hon. Sir John
Beckett, Bart. M.P. for Haslemere;
to Lord W.-J.-F. Powlet, M.P. for
Durham (son of the Marquess of Cleve-
land): brother to Sir John Lowther,
Bart. M. P. for Cumberland: bro.-in-
law to the Earl of Westmoreland:
uncle to John-Henry Lowther, Esq.,
M. P. for Wigton. The Countess is
aunt to Lord Burghersh, Major-Ge-
neral in the Army, Env, Ext, and
Min. Plenipo. to the Court of Tus-
cany (who is son-in-law to Baron
Maryborough); to the Hon. Henry-
Sutton Fane, M.P. for Lyme Regis;
to the Countess of Jersey; to the Lady
of the Rt. Hon. Sir Arthur Paget,
1757
1802


LORT (
LUCA
198 )

K.C.B. (bro. to the Marquess of Angle-
sey, &c.); and to the Lady of Viscount
Duncannon, M.P. for Kilkennyshire
(eldest son of the Earl of Besborough).
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Hasle-
mere; two Members for Cockermouth;
one Member for Carlisle; one Mem-
ber for Appleby.
194. LORTON, Wiscount,
Y. of C. 1806
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life; elected in . . . . 1820
N. & S. Robert-Edward King.
O. T. Baron Erris, of Boyle, Ros-
commonshire . . . . . 1800
Offi. Cust. Rot. and Governor of Ros-
commonshire, and Col. of its Militia.
A Lieut. General in the Army.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. 12th Aug. . . . . 1773
Mar. His cousin, Frances, dr. of
Lawrence, Earl of Rosse, 9th
Dec. . . . . . . . . .
H. Ap, Robert, M.P. for Roscom-
monshire, born 17th July . . 1804
To. Res, 84, Eaton-square.
Co. Se. Rockingham House, Roscom-
monshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro, to the Earl of
Kingston; and to Major Gen. the Hon.
Henry King, C.B., M.P. for Sligo-
shire: uncle to Viscount Kingsbo-
rough ; to the Hon. Robert King,
M.P. for Corkshire; and to the Earl
of Mountcashel; to the Lady of Wil-
liam-Yates Peel, Esq. M.P. for Yar-
mouth (who is bro. to Sir Robert Peel,
M.P. for Tamworth: bro.-in-law to
G.R. Dawson, Esq.M.P. for Harwich).
The Viscountess is aunt to the Earl of
Rosse: grand-aunt to Lord Oxman-
toun, M.P. for King's County.
1799
271. LOVEL & HOLLAND, Baron,
of Enmore. Somersetshire, Y. of C. 1762
N. & S. John Perceval.
O. T. I. P. EARL of EGM on T 1733
Viscount Perceval of Kenturk . 1722
Baron Perceval of Burton . . 1715
A Baronet of Ireland . . 1661
Bn. Aug. 13 . . . . 1767
Suc. his father, as 4th Earland 3d
Baron, Feb. 25 . . . . . 1822
Mar. Bridget, dr. of Col. Wynn,
(deceased) 10th March . 1792
H. Ap. Charles-James, Viscount Per-
ceval.
Co. Se. Enmore Castle, Somersetshire;
and Sundon House, Herts: Erwarton,
Suffolk; and Kanturk Castle, Cork-
shire,
135. LUCAN, Earlof. Y. of C. 1795
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life; elected in . . .
N. & S. Richard Bingham.
O. T. I. P. Baron Bingham, of
Castlebar. . . . . . 1776
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1632
Bn. 6th Dec. . . . . . . . 1764
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, 29th
March . . 1799
Mar. Elizabeth, 3rd dr. and co-
heiress of Henry, last Earl of -
Fauconberg (deceased), May 26 1794
H. Ap. George-Charles, Lord
Bingham, Col. of the 17th
Lancers, born 16th April . 1800
To. Res. G. 1, Albany.
Co. Se. Laleham, near Staines, Middle-
sex; and Castlebar, co. Mayo, Ireland.
Rel. His Lordship is fa.-in-law to George-
Granville-Venables Vernon, Esq. (eld-
est son of his Grace the Archbishop of
York), M.P. for Lichfield; and to
Lord Elcho (eldest son of the Earl of
Wemyss): bro.-in-law to Earl Spen-
cer: uncle to Viscount Althorpe, M.P.
for Northamptonshire; and to the Ba-
roness Lyttleton. Lord Bingham is
half-brother to the Earl of Surrey
(son and heir to the Duke of Norfolk),
M.P. for Horsham.

382. LYNDHURST, (1st) Baron,
of L., Co. Southampton Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. John-Singleton Copley.
Offi. Lord Chief Baron of the Court of
Evchequer.
Late Lord High Chancellor of Great
Britain.
A Privy Councillor.
A Lord of Trade and Plantation.
Official Visitor of Oriel College, Ox-
ford, and of Pembroke and Catherine
Hall, Cambridge.
An Official Trustee of the British and
Hunterian Museums, &c.
Bn. May 21 . . . . . . . 1772
Mar. Sarah-Garay, dr. of C.
Brunsdell, Esq., and widow of
Col. C. Thomas, First Foot
Guards, in . - . . 1819
To. Res. 25, George-street, Hanover-
square.


LYNE (
MALM
199 )
Co. Sc. Wimbledon Common, Surrey;
Hanwell Park, Middlesex.
350. LYNEDOCH, (1st) Baron,
of Balgowan, Pertsh., Y. of C. U.K. 1814
N. & S. Thomas Graham, G.C.B.
Offi. A General Officer, and
Col. of the 14th Regt. of Foot.
Governor of Dumbarton Castle, Scot-
land.
Iłm. in . . . . . . . . . 1750
Mar. Mary, dr. of Charles, 9th Lord
Cathcart (deceased).
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Viscount Cathcart;
to the Hon. and Rev. Archibald Ha-
milton Cathcart, Prebendary of York;
and to the Countess of Mansfield:
auncle to Ld. Greenock,
To. Res. 12, Stratton-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se, Cosgrove Priory, Bucks; and
Balgowan, Perthshire, N. B.
299. LYTTLETON, Baron,
of Frankley, Worcestershire, Y. of C. 1794
N. & S. William-Henry Lyttleton.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . . 1618
I. P. Baron Westcote, of Bally-
more . . . . . . . . 1776
Bn. April 3. . . . . . . 1782
Suc. his half-brother, as 3d Baron,
Nov. 12 . - - - - -
Mar. Sarah, eld. dr. of George-
John, 2d Earl Spencer, Mar. 4 1813
H. Ap. George-William, born
March 31 . . . . . . 1817
Co. Se. Hagley Park, near Stourbridge,
Worcestershire.
Rel. Son-in-law to Earl Spencer: bro-
in-law to Sir R. Colt Hoare, Bart. ; to
the Rt. Hon. Reginald-Pole Carew ;
and to Viscount Althorpe, M.P. for
Northamptonshire. The Baroness is
cousin to the Duke of Devonshire;
also to Viscount Duncannon, M.P. for
Co. Kilkenny; to Maj.-Gen. the Hon.
Fred.-Cavendish Ponsonby; and to the
Hon. William-F.-Spencer Ponsonby,
M.P. for Poole (all sons of the Earl
of Besborough): cousin-in-law to Vis-
count Melbourne.
Parl. Pat. The Member for Bewdley.
1828
90. MACCLESFIELD, Earl of,
of M. Cheshire . Y. of C. 1721
N. & S. George Parker, D.C.L. and
F.R.S.
O. 7. Viscount Parker, of Ewelme,
Oxon . . . . . . . . 1721
Baron Parker, of Macclesfield . 1715
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Captain of the Yeomen of the King's
Guard.
Lord-Lieut. and Cust. Rot, of Ow-
..fordshire.
High Steward of Henley.
President of the Board of Agriculture.
Bn. Feb. 24 . . . . . . . 1755
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl, Feb. 9 1795
Mar. Mary-Frances, dr. and co-
heiress of the Rev. Dr. Drake
(deceased), May 25 . . . . 1780
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Thomas Parker.
To. Res. 9, Conduit-street.
Co. Se. Sherborne Castle, Oxfordshire;
and Bucfastleigh, Devonshire.
Rel. His Lordship is fa.-in-law to the
Earl of Haddington: uncle to John
Fane, Esq., M.P. for Oxfordshire
(who is cousin to the Earl of West-
moreland; to the Countess of Lons-
dale; and to the lady of Sir John
Lowther, Bart., M.P. for Cumberland):
2d cousin to Lord Burghersh, Min.
Plenipo. at the Court of Tuscany; to
the Countess of Jersey; to the lady of
the Rt. Hon. Sir Arthur Paget, K.C.B.:
to the lady of Viscount Duncannon,
M.P. for Kilkennyshire (eld. son of the
Earl of Besborough); to the Hon.
Henry-Sutton Fane, and to John-
Thomas Fane, Esq. (a Clerk of the
Privy Seal), both Members for Lyme
Regis; to Viscount Lowther, and
to the Hon. Henry-Cecil Lowther,
Members for Westmoreland; to the
lady of the Rt. Hon. Sir John Beckett,
Bart., M.P. for Haslemere; to the
lady of Lord W.-J.-F. Powlett, M.P.
for Durham (son of the Marquess of
Cleveland); and to John-Henry Low-
ther, Esq., M.P. for Wigton: kins-
man to Sir H. Fane, M.P. for Hastings:
and cousin to Sir William Heathcote,
Bart., M.P. for Hampshire.

126. MALMESBURY, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1800
N. & S. James-Edward Harris.
O. T. Viscount Fitz-Harris, of
Heron Court, Hants . . . 1800
Baron Malmesbury, of M., Wilt-
shire . . . . . . . 1788
Off. Governor of the Isle of Wight.
Bn. Aug. 19 . . . . . . . 1778
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, in
Nov. . 1820
Mar. Harriet Susan, dr, of F.-B.
MANC
MANN
( 200 )
Dashwood, Esq., of Well-Vale,
Lincolnshire(deceased), June 17, 1806
H. Ap. James-Howard, Viscount
Fitz-Harris, born Mar. 25 . . 1807
Co. Se. Heron Court, Hampshire; and
Great Durnford, Wiltshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Lieut.-Col. Bell,
Dep. Quarter-Master-General at the
Cape of Good Hope; and to Lieut.-
Gen. the Hon. Sir Galbraith-Lowry
Cole, G.C.B. (brother to the Earl of
Enniskillen, and uncle to the Hon.
Arthur-Henry Cole, M.P. for Ennis-
killen), Gov. and Com-in-Chief of
the Cape of Good Hope.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Christ-
church.
22. MANCHESTER, Duke of,
Y. of C. 1719
N. & S. William Montagu.
O. T. Earl of Manchester . 1626
Viscount Mandeville - 1620
Baron Montagu, of Kimbolton ;
Offi. Post-Master-Gen. of Great Britain
and Ireland.
Lord-Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Hunt-
ingdonshire.
A Privy Councillor.
Late Capt.-Gen. and Gov. of Jamaica.
Bn, in . . . . . . . . . 1768
Suc. his father, as 5th Duke, Sept. 2, 1788
Mar. Susan, 3d dr. of Alexander,
4th Duke of Gordon, Oct. 7,
(deceased) . . . . . . . 1793
H. Ap. George, Viscount Mande-
ville, M.P. for Huntingdonshire,
born July 9 . . . . . . 1799
To. Res. 4, Grosvenor-gate, Park-lane.
Co. Se. Kimbolton Castle, Huntingdon-
shire.
Rel. His Grace is fa.-in-law to the
Marquess of Tweeddale; and to John-
Hales Calcraft, Esq. (eld. son of the
Rt. Hon. John Calcraft, M.P. for
Wareham) : bro.-in-law to the Duke
of Montrose; to the Duke of Gordon;
and to the Duchess of Bedford: uncle
to the Marquess of Graham, M.P. for
Cambridge Borough; to the Countess
of Winchelsea and Nottingham; and
to the lady of Viscount Clive (eld. son
of the Earl of Powis), M.P. for Lud-
low. His Grace’s children are cousins
to the Duke of Richmond; to Lord
John-George Lennox, M.P. for Chi-
chester; to the lady of Maj.-Gen. Sir
Peregrine Maitland, K.C.B.; to the
lady of the Hon. W.-L.-L. Fitzgerald
de Ros (son of the Baroness de Ros);
to the Baroness Braybrooke; to the
lady of Lord Eliott, M.P. for Liskeard
(eld, son of the Earl of St. Germans);
to the lady of Charles Ross, Esq., M.P.
for St. Germans; to the Marquess of
Tavistock, M.P. for Bedfordshire;
and to Lord John Russel, M.P. for
Tavistock.
347. MANNERS, (1st) Baron,
of Foston, Lincolnshire Y. of C. 1807
N. & S. Thomas-Manners Sutton.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
Vice-Chancellor of Trinity College,
Dublin.
Bn. Feb. 24 . * - - - -
Mar. First, Anne, dr. of Sir J.
Copley, Bart., of Sprotbo-
rough, Nov. . . . . . 1803
Second, Jane, dr.of James.Butler,
Esq., of Fethard, in . . . 1815
H. Ap. A son, born Aug. 17 - 1818
To. Res. 56, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. The Grove, Yoxford, Suffolk.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle to the Rt.
Hon. Charles-Manners Sutton, M.P.
for Scarborough, and Speaker of the
House of Commons: 2d cousin to the
Duke of Rutland; to Major-General
Lord Charles-Somerset Manners; to
Lord Robert-William Manners, M.P.
for Leicestershire: 3d cousin to Baron
Forester; to the Hon. George-Cecil-
Weld Forester, M.P. for Wenlock;
and to the lady of the Hon. Robert-
John Smith (son and heir to Baron
Carrington), M.P. for Buckingham-
shire. The Baroness is aunt to the
Earl of Glengall; and to the Countess
of Belfast.

395. MANSFIELD, Countess of,
Nottinghamshire . Y. of C. 1778
N. & S. Louisa Greville.
Bn. 1st July . . . . . . . 1758
Suc. her first husband's uncle,
William, 1st Earl, Sept. 1 . . 1796
Mar. First, David, 7th Viscount
Stormont (afterwards 2d Earl
Mansfield, of Caen Wood),
May 5 . . . . . . .
Second, the Hon. R-F. Greville,
son of Francis, 1st Earl of
Brooke and Warwick. Oct.19, 1797
H. Ap, William, Earl of Mansfield,
of Caen Wood, born 7th March, 1777
Co. Sc. Cumlorgan Castle, Dumfries-

1776
MANS
MARL
( 201 )
shire, N. B.; and Richmond Hill,
Surrey.
Rel. Her Ladyship is widow of David,
2d Earl of Mansfield: mother to the
present Earl, and to Maj.-Gen. the
Hon. G. Murray: widow also of the
Hon. Robert-Fulke Greville, uncle to
the Earl Brooke and Warwick: mo-
ther-in-law and aunt to the Hon. G.
Cathcart. 3d son of Earl Cathcart;
and to the Rev. D.-H...-Finch Hatton,
brother to the Earl of Winchelsea and
Nottingham : sister to the present
Earl Cathcart: aunt to the Duke of
Athol, and to Lord Lynedoch: grand-
mother to Viscount Stormont: aunt to
Lord Greenock; and 2d cousin to the
Duke of Hamilton and Brandon.
122. MANSFIELD, Earl of,
of Caen Wood, Middlesex, Y. of C. 1792
N. & S. William Murray, F.R.S. and
F.A.S.
O. T. S. P. Viscount Stormont - 1621
Baron Sconeand Balvaird, 1605 & 1641
Off. Lord-Lieut. of Clackmannanshire.
Hereditary Keeper of Scone Palace,
Perthshire.
Bn. March 7 . . . . . . . 1777
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, Sept. 1 1796
Mar. Frederica, dr. of William
Markham, late Lord Archbishop
of York, Sept. 16 . . . . . 1
H. Ap, William-David, Viscount
Stormont, M.P. for Aldborough,
born Feb. 21 . . . . . .
To, Res. 50, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Caen Wood, Middlesex; and
Scone Palace, Perthshire.
Rel. His Lordship is son of the Countess
of Mansfield; and half-brother to her
children by the Hon. Robert-Fulke
Greville: uncle to the Earl Brooke
and Warwick (refer to Countess of
Mansfield); nephew to the present
Earl Cathcart; and to the Hon. and
Rev. Archibald–Hamilton Cathcart,
Prebendary of York: cousin to the
Duke of Athol; to Baron Glenlyon;
to Viscountess Strathallan; and to
the lady of Sir Evan-John-Macgregor
Murray, Bart.
1806
153. MANVERS, Earl,
Y. of C. 1806
N. & S. Charles-Herbert Pierrepont.
O. T. Viscount Newark . • & 1706
Baron Pierrepont . . . . 1796
Bn. Aug. 11 . . . . . 1778
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, June 16 1816
Mar, Mary-Letitia, eld, dr. of A.-
H. Eyre, Esq., of Grove Park,
Nottinghamshire, Aug. 23 . . 1804
H. Ap. Charles, Viscount Newark,
M.P. for East Retford, born
Sept. 2 . . . . . . . . 1805
To. Res. 13, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Pierrepont House, and Thoresby
Park, near Ollerton, Nottinghamshire.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Bassetlaw.

18. MARLBOROUGH, Duke of
Y. of C. 1702
N.&S. George-Spencer Churchill, F.S.A.
O. T. Marquess of Blandford . 1702
Earl of Sunderland and Marl-
borough . . . 1643 and 1689
Baron Spencer, of Wormleighton 1603
Baron Churchill, of Sandridge 1685
A Prince of the Holy Roman Em-
pire.
Offi. High Steward of Oxford and
Woodstock.
Bn. 6th March . . . . . . 1766
Suc. his father, as 4th Duke, 30th
Jan. . . . . . . . . . 1817
Mar. Susan, dr. of John, 7th Earl
of Galloway, 15th Sept. . . 1791
H. Ap. George, Marquess of Bland-
..ford, M.P. for Woodstock, born
27th Dec. . . . . . . 1793
Co. Sc. Blenheim House, Oxfordshire;
and Lockeridge House, Wiltshire.
Rel. His Grace is brother to Baron
Churchill; and to the Countess of
Shaftesbury: bro.-in-law to Wiscount
Clifden; to the Earl of Galloway; to
the Hon. and Rt. Rev. Charles-James
Stewart D.D., Bishop of Quebec;
and to the Hon. Edward-Richard
Stewart (who is bro, -in-law to the
Earl of Wemyss): uncle to the Hon.
G.-J.-W. Agar Ellis, M.P. for Oak-
hampton (son of Wiscount Clifden);
to Lord Ashley, M.P. for Dorchester;
and to the Hon. Anthony-William-
Ashley Cooper (both sons of the
Earl of Shaftesbury): cousin to the
Duke of Bedford: 2d cousin to the
Marquess of Tavistock, M.P. for Bed-
fordshire; and to Lord John Russell,
M.P. for Tavistock. The Duchess is
aunt to Lord Garlies, M.P. for Cocker-
mouth; to the Lady of the Hon. W.
Duncombe, M.P. for Yorkshire (eldest
sonofBaron Feversham); to Sir James-
Robert-George Graham, Bart. M.P.
for Cumberland; and to Baron Crofton,
D D

MARY
MAYO
( 202 )
His Grace's son, the Marquess of
Blandford, M.P. for Woodstock, is
son-in-law to the Earl of Galloway
(being married to his cousin, the Hon.
Jane Stewart). His Grace's other son,
Ilord Charles - Spencer Churchill, is
son-in-law to J. Benett, Esq. M.P.
for Wiltshire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Wood-
stock.
365.MARYBOROUGH,(1st) Baron,
of M., Queen's County,
Y. of C. U. K. 1821
N. & S. William-Wellesley Pole.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England
and Ireland.
Constable of Maryborough Castle, Ire-
land.
Late Master of the King's Buck-
hounds.
A Governor and Cust. Rot. of Queen’s
County, Ireland.
Bn. 20th May . . . . . . 1763
Mar. Catherine-Elizabeth, eldest
dr. of the Hon. J. Forbes (2dson
of George, 3d Earl of Granard),
17th May . . . . . . . .
H. Ap. William (married to Ca-
therine, eldest dr. and heiress of
Sir J. Tylney Long, Bart. [de-
ceased]) 22d June . . . 1788
To. Res. 3, Saville-street.
Co. Se. Abingdon Hall, Cambridge-
shire; and Fern Hill, Windsor.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the
Marquess of Wellesley; to the Duke
of Wellington; to the Hon. and Rev.
Gerald Valerian Wellesley, a Pre-
bendary of Durham, and Rector of
Chelsea; and to Baron Cowley, Amb.
Ext. and Plen. at the Court of Vienna:
wncle to the Marquess of Douro, M.P.
for Aldeburgh. The Baroness is
grand-aunt to the Earl of Granard:
great-grand-aunt to Viscount Forbes,
M.P. for Longfordshire.
1784
185. MAYNARD, Viscount,
of Easton Lodge, Essex . Y. of C. 1766
N. & S. Henry Maynard.
off. Lord Lieut., Cust. Pot, and Vice
Admiral of Essex.
O. T. Baron Maynard, of Much-
Easton . . . . . . . 1766
A Baronet . . . . . . . . 1681
Bn. 3d Mar. . . . . . 1786
Suc. his uncle, as 3d Wiscount,
10th March . . . . . . 1824
Mar. Mary, dr. of R. Rabbett,
Esq. of Bramfield Hall, Suffolk,
28th Dec. . . . . . . . ]
H. Ap. Charles-Henry.
To. Res. 38, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Easton Lodge, near Dunmow,
Essex.
Rel. His Lordship is 3rd cousin to
Baroness Zouche.
810
132. MAYO, Earl of, Y. of C. 1785
A Representative Peer of Ireland, for
life; elected in . . . . 1816
N. & S. John Bourke, D.C.L.
O. T. I. P. Viscount Mayo . . 1781
Baron of Naas, Kildareshire . 1776
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Bn. June 18th . . . . . . 1766
Suc. his father, who was likewise
Archbishop of Tuam, as 4th
Earl, 20th August . . . . 1794
Mar. Arabella, dr. of W.-M.
Praed, Esq. of Bitton, De-
vonshire, 24th May . . . . 1792
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, Rich-
ard, Lord Bishop of Waterford and
Lismore.
To. Res. 24, Norfolk-street, Park-lane.
Co. Se. Palmerston House, Kildare, Ire-
land.
Rel. His Lordship is also brother to the
Dean of Ossory: bro.-in-law to Ba-
ron de Clifford: 2d cousin to the Earl
of Clanwilliam.


355. MELBOURNE, Baron,
of M., Derbyshire Y. of C. U.K. 1815
N. & S. William Lamb.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . . 1755
I. P. VIsco UNT MELBoun NE 1781
Baron Melbourne, of Kilmere,
Cavanshire . . . . . . 1770
Offi. Secretary of State for the
Home Department.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
Bn. Mar. 15th . . . . . . 1779
Suc. his father, as 2d Wiscount and
Baron, July 22d . . - -
Mar. Caroline, dr. of Frederick,
3d Earl of Besborough (de-
ceased), Nov. 13th . . . . 1785
H. Ap. George-Augustus-Frede-
rick, born Aug. 11th . . . 1807
To. Res. Whitehall.
Co. Se. Melbourne Hall, Derby; and
Brocket Hall, Herts.
Rel. Brother to the Hon. Fred.-James
Lamb, K.C.B., late Envoy Extra-

MELD
MELR
( 203 )

ordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary
at the Court of Madrid; to the Hon.
George Lamb, M.P. for Dungarvon;
and to the Countess Cowper: son-in-
law to the Earl of Besborough: bro.-
in-law to Viscount Duncannon, M.P.
for Kilkennyshire; to Major-General
the Hon. Fred.-Cavendish Ponsonby;
and to the Hon. William-F.-Spencer
Ponsonby, M.P. for Poole: uncle to
Viscount Fordwich, M.P. for Canter-
bury.
353. MELDRUM, (1st) Baron,
of Morven, Aberdeenshire Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. George Gordon, K.T.
O. T. S. P. EARL of ABOYNE
Baron Gordon, of Glenlivat and X 1660
Strathaven . . . . .
Offi. Col. of the Aberdeenshire Militia.
Bn. June 28th . . . . . . 1761
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl, Dec.
28th . . . . . . . . . 1794
Mar. Catherine, 2d dr. of Sir
Charles Cope, Bart. of Brewerne,
Oxfordshire, April 4th . . .
H. Ap. Charles, Lord Strathaven,
a Lord of the King's Bed-cham-
ber, and M.P. for Huntingdon-
shire, born Jan. 4th . . 1792
To. Res. 20, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Aboyne Castle, Aberdeenshire;
and Orton, near Peterborough, Hun-
tingdonshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to
William Beckford, Esq. of Fonthill:
wncle to the Duchess of Brandon,
Hamilton, and Chatelherault: fa.-in-
law to Charles-Compton Cavendish,
Esq. (who is son to Lord G.-A.-H.
Cavendish, M. P. for Derbyshire;
brother to the Hon. H.-F.-C. Caven-
dish, M.P. for Derby; cousin to the
Duke of Devonshire; and uncle to
William Cavendish, Esq. M. P. for
Cambridge University): cousin to the
Earl of Galloway; to the Hon. and
Rt. Rev. Charles-James Stewart, D.D.
Bishop of Quebec; to the Hon.
Edward-Richard Stewart (who is bro.-
in-law to the Earl of Wemyss; to
the Countess of Stamford and War-
rington; and to the Baroness Ross-
more); to the Duchess of Marl-
borough; and to the widow of Lord
Spencer-S, Chichester: 2d cousin to
Lord Garlies, M.P. for Cockermouth;
1791
to the Marchioness of Blandford; to
the Lady of the Hon. W. Duncombe,
M.P. for Yorkshire (eld, son of Baron
Feversham; nephew to Thomas-
Slingsby Duncombe, Esq. M. P. for
Hertford); to the Marquess of Bland-
ford, M.P. for Woodstock; to Arthur
Chichester, Esq., M.P. for Wexford-
shire (nephew to the Marquess of Done-
gal, and son-in-law to the Marquess of
Anglesey); and to Baron Crofton.
Lord Strathaven is son-in-law to the
Marquess of Conyngham: bro.-in-law
to the Earl of Mount Charles, M.P.
for Donegalshire (who is son-in-law
to the Marquess of Anglesey); and to
Lord Albert-Denison Conyngham, Sec.
of Legation at the Court of Berlin.


386. MELROSE, (1st) Baron,
of Tyningham, Haddingtonshire,
Y. of C. U. K. 1827
N. & S. Thomas Hamilton.
O. T. S. P. EARL of HADDING-
. 1619
. 1613
T ON . . . .
Baron Binning and Byres .
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Hereditary Keeper of Holyrood Park.
Bn. June 21st . . . . . . 1780
Suc. his father, as 9th Earl, having
previously been created Baron
Melrose of the U.K., Mar. 17th 1828
Mar. Maria, eld, child of George,
4th Earl of Macclesfield, Nov.
23d . . . . . . . . 1802
H. Pres. His Lordship's cousin, George-
Baillie Hamilton, Esq. (but not to the
Barony of the U. K.)
To. Res. 9, Conduit-street.
Co. Se. Tyningham House, Dunbar,
N. B
Rel. His Lordship is son-in-law to the
Earl of Macclesfield: cousin to the
Earl of Hopetoun.
191. MELVILLE, Wiscount,
of M., Edinburghshire,
Y. of C. U. K. 1802
N. & S. Robert-Saunders Dundas, K.T.
F.R.S.

O. T. Baron Duneira, of D.,
Perthshire, U. K. . . . . 1802
Offi. Late First Lord of the Admiralty.
Lord Privy Seal in Scotland.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland. -
An Elder Brother of the Trinity
House.
MEND
MIDD
( 204 )
A Governor of the Bank of Scotland.
Chancellor of the University of St.
Andrew's.
Bn. March 14th . . . . . 1771
Suc. his father, as 2d Wiscount,
May 29th . . . . . . . 1811
Mar. Miss Saunders, dr. of H. S.,
Esq. M.D., and co-heiress of
Admiral Sir C. Saunders, K.B.
Ill . . . . . . . . . .
H. Ap. Henry, M.P. for Win-
chelsea, born Feb. 25th . . 1801
Co. Se. Wimbledon, Surrey; Melville
Castle, near Edinburgh; and Duneira,
Perthshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to
Baron Abercrombie: uncle to Robert-
Adam Dundas, Esq. M.P. for Ipswich,
(son-in-law to the Earl of Elgin):
cousin to the Rt. Hon. William
Dundas, M. P. for Edinburghshire,
Clerk, Register, and Keeper of the
Signet, &c. in Scotland: kinsman to
Baron Dundas; to the Baron's son,
the Hon. Thomas Dundas, M.P. for
York; and to his brother, the Hon.
Sir Robert-Laurence Dundas, K.C.B.
M.P. for Richmond: also to his Lord-
ship's sisters, the Viscountess Milton;
and the lady of John-Charles Rams-
den, Esq. M.P. for Malton.
1796
300. MENDIP, Baron,
of M., Somersetshire . Y. of C. 1794
N. & S. Henry-Welbore Agar Ellis,
F.S.A.
O. T. I. P. VIsco UNT CLIFDEN 1781
Baron Clifden, of Gowran, Kil-
kenny . . . . . . . 1776
Offi. Clerk of the Privy Council in
Ireland. -
Recorder of Gowran.
Bn. Jan. 22 . . . . . . . 1761
Suc. his father, as 2d Irish Vis-
count and Baron, Jan. 1 . . 1789
—his great-uncle, as 2d English
Baron, Feb. 2 . . . . 1802
Mar. Caroline, eld, dr. of George,
3d Duke of Marlborough,
March 10, (deceased) . . . 1792
H. Ap. George-James-Welbore,
born Jan. 14 . . . . . . 1797
To. Res. 22, Hanover-square.
Co. Se. Gowran Castle, and Ringwood
Lodge, Kilkenny, Ireland; and Roe-
hampton, Surrey.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Duke of Marlborough; to Baron
Churchill ; and to the Countess of
Shaftesbury. His son, the Hon. George-
James-Welbore Agar-Ellis, F.R.S.,
and F.S.A., M.P. for Oakhampton,
is son-in-law to the Earl of Carlisle:
bro.-in-law to Wiscount Morpeth.M. P.
for Yorkshire; to the Countess Gower;
and to the Lady of the Hon. W.-S.
Lascelles (2d son to the Earl of Hare-
wood).

261. MIDDLETON, Baron,
of M. Warwickshire Y. of C. 1712
N. & S. Henry Willoughby.
O. T. A. Baronet . . . . . 1677
Offi. High Steward of Sutton Coldfield.
Bn. April 24 . . . . . . . 1761
Suc. his father, as 6th Baron,
June 14 . . . . . . . . 1800
Mar. Jane, dr. of Sir R. Lawley,
Bart., Aug. 21. . . . . . 1793
To. Res. 1, Cleveland-row.
Co. Se. Middleton Hall, Warwick;
Wollarton House, Notts; and Bird-
sall, Yorkshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Scarborough; to the Hon. and
Rev. John Lumley-Saunderson Saville,
a Prebendary of York; to Lieut. Gen.
the Hon. William-Lumley Saunder-
son, G.C.B.; to Francis Lawley, Esq.,
M.P. for Warwickshire; and to Paul-
Beilby Thomson, Esq., M.P. for
Wenlock, (son-in-law to Baron Bray-
brooke): cousin to Henry Willough-
by, Esq., late M.P. for Newark.
Parl. Pat. One Mem. for Newark.

160. MINTO, Earl of,
of M., Roxburghshire Y. of C. U.K. 1813
N. & S. Gilbert–Elliott-Murray Kyn-
ynmound.
O. T. Viscount Melgund, of M.,
Forfarshire . . . . . . . 1813
Baron Minto of M. .
. 1797
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1700
Bn. Nov. 16 . . . . . . 1782
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, June
21 . . . . . . . . . 1814
Mar. Mary, eld. dr. of Patrick
Brydone, Esq., Sept. 4 . - 1806
H. Ap. William-Hugh, Viscount
Melgund, born March 19 - 1814
Co. Sc. Minto Castle, Roxburghshire,

263. MONSON, Baron,
of Burton, Lincolnshire, Y. of C. 1728
N. & S. Frederick-John Monson.
MONT
MOOR
( 205 )
O. T. A. Baronet . . . . . 1611
Bn. Feb. 3 . . . . . - 1809
Suc. his father, as 5th Baron,
Nov. 14 . . . . . . - 1809
H. Pres. His Lordship's 2d cousin, Wil-
liam-John Monson, Esq.
To, Res. 11, Carlton-house Terrace.
Co. Se. Burton House, near Lincoln.
Rel. Grandson to the Earl of Mexbo-
rough: son of the Countess of Brooke
and Warwick: nephew to Viscount
Pallington: cousin to Lord Brooke:
grand nephew to the Earl of Essex.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Gatton.
286. MONTAGU, Baron,
of Boughton, Northamptonshire,
Y. of C. 1786
N. & S. Henry-James-Montagu Scott,
D.C.L.
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Selkirkshire.
Keeper of Geddington Chase.
Bn. Dec. 16 . . . . . . .
Suc. his grandfather, as 2d Baron
(George, Duke of Montagu),
May 28 . . . . . . . .
Mar. Jane-Margaret, dr. of Ar-
chibald, 1st Lord Douglas,
Nov. 22. . . . . . . . 1804
To, Res. 6, Hamilton-place, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Ditton Park Berks; and Bough-
ton House, Northamptonshire.
Itel. His Lordship is uncle to the Duke
of Buccleugh; to the lady of Vis-
count Stopford (son of the Earl of
Courtown); and to the Lady of the
Hon. Peregrine. Francis Cust (son of
Earl Brownlow) M.P. for Clitheroe.
1776
1790
338. MONTEAGLE, Baron,
of Westport, Co. Mayo,
Y. of C. U.K. 1806
N. & S. Howe-Peter Browne, K.P.
O. T. I. P. MARQUEss of SLI Go 1800
Earl of Altamont . . 1771
Wiscount Westport, of W.,
Mayoshire . . . . . 1768
Baron Monteagle . . . 1760
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
A. Governor and Cust. Itot. of the
County of Mayo.
Col. of the South Mayo Militia.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. 18th May . . . . . 1788
Suc, his father, as 2d Marquess,
2d Jan. . . . . . . . 1809
Mar. Hester-Catherine, eld. dr. of
John, 13th Earl of Clanricarde,
4th March . . . . . . . 1816
II. Ap. George-John, Earl of Al-
tamont, born 31st May . . . 1820
To, Res. 2, Mansfield-street.
Co. Se.. Westport House, Mayoshire;
and Brownston House, Kildare.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess of
Clanricarde: (son-in-law to Viscount-
essCanning): cousin to James Browne,
Esq. M. P. for Mayoshire; and to
Earl Howe: 2d cousin to the Earl of
Desart: nephew to the Baroness Howe.
264. MONTFORT, Baron,
of Horseheath, Cambridgeshire,
Y. of C. 1741
N. & S. Henry Bromley, D.C.L.
Bu. May 14 . . . . . . . 1773
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, Oct.
24 . . . . . . . . . 1799
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of J. Watts,
Esq., Sept. 5 . . . . . 1793
Co. Se. Monck’s Grove, Chertsey, Surrey.
Itel. His Lordship is cousin to Earl
Cadogan.
325. MOORE, Baron,
of M. Place, Kent . Y. of C. U.K. 1801
N. & S. Charles Moore.
O. T. I. P. MARQUEss of DHo-
GIIEDA . . . . . 1791
Earl of Drogheda . . . . . 1661
Viscount Moore, of Drogheda . 1621
Baron Moore, of Millefont . . 1616
Bn. Aug. 23 . . . . . . 1770
Suc, his father, as 2d Marquess,
Dec. 22 . . . . . . . . 1821
H. Pres. His Lordship's nephew, Henry-
F.-Seymour Moore, Esq., who is
grandson to Sir Henry Parnell, Bart.,
M.P. for Queen's County: nephew
to the Lady of Lord Clifton; and
grandson to the Earl of Darnley.
Co. Se. Moore Abbey, Kildare.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle to the brother
and sisters of the present Marquess of
Westmeath (one of whom, Catherine-
Anne, is married to Francis Bruen,
Esq., who is nearly related to one of
the Members for Carlowshire): also
to Alexander-Robert Stewart, Esq.,
(cousin to the late and present Mar-
quess of Londonderry ; son-in-law to
the Marquess Camden; 2d cousin to
Wiscount Castlereagh, M.P. for Down-
shire), cous, to the Marquess of Hert-
ford: 2d cousinto the Earl of Yarmouth.


166. MORLEY, (1st) Earl of,
Y. of C, 1815
MORT
MOUN
( 206 )
N. & S. John Parker, D.C.L. & F.R.S.
O. T. Baron Boringdon, of B.,
Devonshire . . . . . . . 1784
Viscount Boringdon, of North
Molton . . . . . . . 1815
Offi. Col. of the North Devon Militia.
Bn. May 3 . . . . . . 1772
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron,
April 27 . . . . . . .
Mar. First, Augusta, 2d dr. of
John, Earl of Westmoreland,
June 20 . . . . . . . . 1804
Secondly, Frances, dr. of Thos.
Talbot, Esq., of Gonville,
Norfolk, Aug. 22 . . . . 1809
H. Ap. Edmund, Wiscount Boring-
don, born June 10 . . . . 1810
To. Res. Kent House, South-place.
Knightsbridge.
Co. Sº. Saltram, and North-Molton, De-
vonshire.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle to George-
W.-Frederick Villiers, Esq. (nephew
and heir pres. to the Earl of Claren-
don); and to Thomas-Hyde Williers,
Esq., M.P. for Wootton Bassett; cous.
to Baron Grantham; and to Viscount
Goderich.
1788
77. MORTON, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1457
A Representative Peer of Scot-
land, elected 2d Sept. . . 1830
N. & S. George-Sholto Douglas.
O. T. S. P. Baron Dalkeith,
and Aberdour . . . X- 1457
Baron Douglas, of Lochleven
Bn. Dec. 23 . . . . . . .
Suc. his cousin, as 17th Earl,
July 17 . . . . . . . .
Mar. Francis, eld, dr. of the Right
Hon. Sir George Rose, G.C.B.,
M.P. for Christchurch, June 24 1817
H. Ap. Lord Aberdour, born
April 13 . . . . . . . . . 1818
Co. Se. Aberdour Castle, Fifeshire;
and Dalmahoy, Midlothian.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the
Countess of Aberdeen: uncle to the
Marquess of Abercorn: nephew to the
Earl of Harewood: cousin to Viscount
Lascelles; to the Hon. Henry Las-
celles, M.P. for Northallerton; to the
Countess of Sheffield; and to the Lady
of Edmund–Berkeley Portman, Esq.,
M.P. for Dorsetshire. His Lordship's
brother, the Hon. and Rev. Charles
Douglas, is bro.-in-law to the Earl of
Arran; and to the Baroness Car-
berry.
1789
1827
130. MOUNTCASHEL, Earl of
Y. of C. 1781
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life; elected in . . . . 1826
N. & S. Stephen Moore.
O. T.I.P. Viscount Mountcashel,
of Tipperary . . . . . 1766
Baron Kilworth, of Moore Park,
Corkshire . . . . . . 1764
Bn. Aug. 20 . . . . . . 1792
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, Oct. 27 1822
Mar. Miss Anne-Maria Wyss, a
native of Switzerland, May 31 1819
H. Ap. Stephen, Lord Kilworth,
born March 11 . . . . . 1825,
Co. Seats. Moore Park, Corkshire; Gil-
gorm Castle, Antrimshire; and Mount-
cashel Lodge, Dublinshire.
Rel. His Lordship is father-in-law to
William-Yates Peel, Esq., M.P. for
Yarmouth, (brother to the Right Hon.
Sir Robert Peel, Bart., late Secretary
of State for the Home Department,
and M.P. for Tamworth; and bro-in-
law to George-Robert Dawson, Esq.,
M.P. for Harwich). His Lordship’s
brother, the Hon. and Rev. Edward-
George Moore, is married to Anne-
Matilda, sister of Baron Clinton.


118. MOUNT EDGECUMBE,
Earl of, . . . . . Y. of C. 1789
N. & S. Richard Edgecumbe, D.C.L.,
F.R.S., & F.S.A. .
O. T. Viscount Mount Edge-
cumbe and Valletort . . 1781
Baron Edgecumbe, of Mount
E., Devonshire . . . . . 1742
Offi. Lord-Lieut., Vice-Admiral, and
Cust. Rot. of Cornwall.
HighSteward of Plympton, Devonshire.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn. 14th Sept. . . . . . . 1764
Suc, his father, as 2d Earl, 4th Feb. 1795
Mar. Sophia, (deceased) 3d dr. of
John, 2d Earl of Buckingham-
shire, 27th Feb. . 1789
H. Ap. Ernest-Augustus, Viscount
Valletort, Col. of the Cornwall
Militia, and M.P. for Plympton,
born 28th March . . . . . 1797
Co. Se. Mount Edgecumbe, near Ply-
mouth; Cotele, Cornwall; and Rich-
mond Hill, Surrey.
Rel. Father to the Hon. George Edge-
cumbe, Sec. of Legation to the Swiss
Cantons: fa.-in-law to Earl Brown-
low (bro. to the Hon. Peregrine-
Francis Cust, M.P. for Clitheroe; and
to the Hon. Edward Cust, M.P. for


MUL.G.
NELS
( 207 )
Lostwithiel). His Lordship's children
are cousins to the Marquess of Lothian:
2d cousins to the present Earl of Buck-
inghamshire; and to the Viscountess
Goderich.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Lostwithiel;
One Member for Plympton-Earle.
158. MULGRAVE, (1st) Earl of,
Y. of C. G.B. 1812
N. & S. Henry Phipps, G.C.B. & F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount Normanby, of N.,
Yorkshire . . . . . . 1812
Baron Mulgrave, of M., York-
shire . . . . . . . 1794
I. P. Baron Mulgrave, of New
Ross, Wexfordshire . . 1767
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Governor of Scarborough.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity House.
A General Officer, and Col. of the 31st
Reg. of Foot.
Bn. 14th Feb. . . . . . . 1755
Suc. his brother, in the Irish Ba-
rony, 10th Oct. . . . 1792
Mar. Sophia, dr. of C.-T. Malling,
Esq., 20th Oct. . . . . . 1795
H. Ap. Constantine-Henry, Vis-
count Normanby, born May 15 1797
To. Res. 80, Harley-street.
Co. Se. Mulgrave Castle, Whitby, York-
shire.
Rel. Father to the Hon. Edward Phipps,
M.P. for Scarborough. Lord Nor-
manby is son-in-law to Baron Ravens-
worth: bro-in-law to the Hon. Henry-
Thomas Liddel, M.P. for Northum-
berland; and to the lady of the Hon.
W.-Keppel Barrington (eld. son of
Viscount Barrington).
Parl. Pat. One Member for Scarborough.
257. NAPIER, Baron,
of Merchistoun . Y. of C. S. P. 1627
A Representative Peer of Scot-
land, elected 2d Sep. . 1830
N. & S. William-John Napier.
O. T. A. Baronet of Nova Scotia 1666
Offi. A Lord of the Bed-chamber, and
Captain in the Royal Navy.
Bn. 13th Oct. . . . . . 1786
Suc. his father, as 8th Baron, 1st
August . . . . . . 1823
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of the Hon.
Andrew-Cochrane Johnstone, in 1816
H. Ap. Francis, born 15th Sept. 1819
Co. Se. Thirlstane Castle, Selkirkshire;
and Merchistoun Castle, Midlothian.
Rel. The Baroness is 2d cousin to the
Earl of Hopetoun,
149. NELSON, (1st) Earl,
of Merton and Trafalgar Y. of C. 1805
N. & S. The Rev. William Nelson, D.D.
O. T. 1st Viscount Merton and
Trafalgar, of M., Surrey . . 1805
Baron Nelson of the Nile, and of
Hilborough, Norfolk . . . 1801
DUKE of BR on TE, in Sicily.
Offi. A Prebendary of Canterbury.
Bn. 20th April . . . . . .
Suc. his brother, the gallant Ad-
miral Lord Nelson, as 2d Baron,

1757
21st Oct. . . . . . . . 1805
Mar. Sarah, dr. of the Rev. H.
Yonge, 9th Nov. . . . . . 1786
H. Pres. His Lordship's nephew, Thomas
Bolton, Esq.
To. Res. 23, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Trafalgar House, near Salisbury,
Wiltshire.
Rel. His Lordship is fa.-in-law to Baron
Bridport.


24. NEWCASTLE, Duke of,
of N. under Line, Staffordshire,
Y. of C. 1756
N. & S. Henry-Pelham-Fiennes-Pelham
Clinton, K.G.
O. T. Earl of Lincoln . . . 1572
Offi. Lord-Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Not-
tinghamshire.
Cust. Rot. of Newark.
High Steward of Retford.
Steward and Keeper of the Forest of
Sherwood.
Bn. 30th Jan. . . . . . . 1785
Suc. his father, as 4th Duke, 17th
May . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Georgiana-Elizabeth, dr. of
E.-M. Mundy, Esq., of Shipley,
Derbyshire (deceased), 18th.July 1807
H. Ap. Henry Pelham, Earl of
Lincoln, born 22d May . . . 1811
To. Res. 17, Portman-square.
Co. Sc. Nottingham Castle, and Clumber
Park, Tuxford, Notts.
Rel. His Grace is bro.-in-law to Baron
Combermere: cousin to the Earl of
Harrington; to the Marchioness of
Tavistock; to the Duchess of Leinster;
to the Earl of Sefton; and to Baron
Foley.
Parl. Pat. 2 Members for Aldborough;
two Members for Boroughbridge; one
Member for Bassetlaw; one Member for
Newark.

9. NORFOLK, Duke of,
Y. of C. 1483
Premier Duke, and Earl-Marshal of
England.
1795

NORT
NORT
( 208 )
N. & S. Bernard-Edward Howard,
F.R.S. and F.A.S.
O. T. Earl of Surrey, Arundel",
and Norfolk . 1483, 1433, 1644
Baron Fitz-Alan, Clun, Oswaldestree,
and Maltravers . . . . . 1483
Hereditary Earl-Marshal of Englandt.
Bn., 21st Nov. . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his cousin, as 12th Duke,
16th Dec. . . . . . . . 1815
Mar. Elizabeth, 3d dr. of Henry,
Earl of Fauconberg (deceased),
23d April . . . . . . .
H. Ap. Henry-Charles, Earl of
Surrey, born 12th August . . 1791
To. Res. 21, St. James’s-square.
Co. Se, Arundel Castle, Sussex; Forn-
ham, Bury St. Edmunds, and Ear-
sham Park Farm, Suffolk; Worksop
Abbey, Notts; and Clift-house, West
Cowes, Isle of Wight.
Rel. Father to the Earl of Surrey, M.P.
for Horsham (who is married to
Charlotte-Sophia, eld, dr. of George
Granville, present Marquess of Staf-
ford): grandfatherto Lord Fitz-Alan :
bro.-in-law to Lord Petre : uncle to
the ladies of the Hon. Charles Petre,
and the Hon. Henry-Valentine-Staf-
ford Jerningham.
His Grace being a Catholic was, like
the other peers professing the same faith,
excluded from his seat in the House of
Mords until the passing of the Catholic
Relief Bill on the 23d of April, 1829.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Horsham;
two Members for Steyning; and one
Member for New Shoreham.
41. NORTHAMPTON, Marquess
of . . . . . . Y. of C. 1812
N. & S. Spencer-Joshua-Alwyne Comp-
ton, A.M.and F.S.A.
O. T. Earl of Northampton .
Earl Compton, of C., Warwick-
shire . . . .
. 1618
Baron Wilmington, of W., 1812
Sussex . . . . . .
Offi. Recorder of Northampton.
Bn. 2d Jan. . . . . . . . 1790
Suc. his father, as 2d Marquess,
24th May - - - - - -
Mar. Margaret, eld, dr. of Major
Gen. D.-M. Clephane, of Tor-
loisk, Ross-shire, 24th July .
H. Ap. Charles, Earl Compton,
born 26th May . . . . . 1816
Co. Se. Castle Ashby, Northamptonshire;
and Compton Wynyates, Warwick-
shire.
80. NORTHESK, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1647
A Representative Peer of Scot-
land, elected 2d September . . 1830
N. & S. William Carnegie, G.C.B.
O. T. Baron Rosehill.
Offi. An Admiral of the White.
Rear Admiral of Great Britain.
Bn. 10th April . . . . . . 1758
Suc, his father as 7th Earl, 22d Jan. 1792
Mar. Mary, only dr. of the late Wm.
Henry Ricketts, Esq. of Longwood,
in the co. of Hants, and niece to the
late Earl St. Vincent.
H. Ap. William-Hopetown, Lord
Rosehill, born 16th Oct. . 1795
Co. Se. Ethie House, Forfarshire; and
Rosehill, Hampshire.
1828
1815


25. NORTHUMBERLAND, Duke
of, Y. of C. 1766
N. & S. Hugh Percy, K.G. F.S.A.
O. T. Earl of Northumberland . 1749
Earl Percy . . . . . . . 1769
Baron Percy . . . . . . 1749
Baron Markworth . . . . 1748
A Baronet . . . . . 1660
Off. A Privy Councillor.
Official Grand Master of the Most
Illustrious Order of St. Patrick.
Lord Lieut., Cust. Rot., and Vice-Ad-
miral of Northumberland and New-
castle-upon-Tyne.
High-Steward of Launceston, and
Constable of Launceston Castle.
Late Ambassador Extraordinary at the
Court of France on the occasion of
the Coronation of King Charles X.
in 1825.
* His Grace enjoys the Earldom of Arundel, as a feudal honour, without any
patent or creation; but merely by inheritance and possession of Arundel Castle.
+ This office was formerly one of very great authority and dignity in England;

the Earl-Marshal having several courts under his jurisdiction.
He is still the head
of the College of Arms, or Herald's Office, and has the direction of all ceremonial
matters appertaining to coronations, the proclamation of war and peace, royal funerals,
&c. &c.
He has also some pre-eminence in the Marshalsea Court, where he sits
as judge on all crimes committed within the verge of the king's court. -
NORT
NORW
( 209 )
Lord Lieut. Gen, and General Governor
of Ireland.
Bn. 20th April . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 3d Duke, 10th
July . . . . . . . . . 1817
Mar. Charlotte-Florentia, 2d dr.
of Edward, first Earl of Powis,
29th April . . . . . . . 1817
B. Pres. His Lordship's brother, Baron
Prudhoe.
To. Res. Northumberland House,
Charing-cross ; and The Lodge,
Phoenix Park, Dublin.
Co. Se, Sion House, Middlesex; Aln-
wick, Warkworth, and Prudhoe Castles,
Northumberland; Werrington Park,
Cornwall; and Stanwick and Armine,
Yorkshire,
Rel. His Grace is son-in-law to the Earl
of Powis: brother to Baron Prudhoe,
and to the Baroness Glenlyon: bro.-
in-law to Viscount Clive, and to the
Hon. Robert-Henry Clive, both Mem-
bers for Ludlow; also to the lady of
Sir Watkin-Williams Wynn, M.P. for
Denbighshire; nephew to the Earl of
Beverley; cousin to Lord Lovaine, M.P.
for Beeralston, (who is bro.-in-law to
Baron Wharncliffe); to the Hon. Al-
gernon Percy, Envoy Extraordinary to
the Republic of Switzerland; to Hugh,
Lord Bishop of Carlisle; and to the
Countess of Ashburnham.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Launceston:
two Members for Newportin Cornwall.
1785
317. NORTHWICK, Baron,
of N. Park, Worcestershire, Y.C. 1797
N. & S. John Rushout, F.S.A.
O. T. A. Baronet. . . . . 1661
Offi. A Governor of Harrow School.
Bn. 16th Feb. . . . . . . 1770
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 20th
Oct. . . . . . . . . . 1800
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, he
Hon. and Rev. George Bowles (for-
merly Rushout), bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Galloway.
To. Res. 2, Connaught-place.
Co. Se. Northwick Park, Worcester-
shire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Sir Charles Cock-
erell, Bart., M.P. for Evesham.
211. NORWICH, Lord Bishop of
consecrated in . . . . . . 1805
N. S. Rt. Rev. Henry Bathurst,
D.C.L. and F.S.A.
To, Res. 20, Upper Brook-street.
Co, Se, Bishop's Palace, Norwich.
Rel. His Lordship is second cousin to the
Earl Bathurst.
N. B. The diocess of Norwich com-
prehends Norfolk, part of Suffolk, and
part of Cambridgeshire; being in the
province of Canterbury.
114. NORWICH, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1784
N. & S. George – Hamilton Gordon,
G.C.B.
O. T. Baron Gordon, of Huntly,
Gloucestershire. . 1784
Baron Beauchamp of Bletshoe . 1363
Baron Mordaunt, of Turvey,
Bedfordshire . . . . 1532
S. P. Duke of GoRDON . . 1684
MARQUEss of HUNTLEY, and
Premier Marquess in Scotland 1599
Earl of Huntly and Enzie 1449 & 1599
Viscount Inverness . . . 1599
Baron Gordon of Strathbogie D
Lord of Badenoch, Lochaber,
Strathaven, Achindoun, Bal-
more, Garthie, and Kincar-
dine . . . . . . . .
Offi. Keeper of the Great Seal of Scot-
land.
Governor of Edinburgh Castle.
Hereditary Keeper of the Castle of In-
Verness.
Lord Lieut. of Aberdeenshire.
Chancellor of Marischal College, Aber-
deen.
A General Officer in the Army.
Col. of the (Royal Scots) 1st Regt. of
Foot.
Bn. in Feb. . . . . . . . 1770
Suc, his father, as 5th Duke, 17th
June . . . . . . . . . 1827
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of Alexander
Brodie, Esq. of Burnside, 11th
Dec. . . . . . . . - 1813
H. Pres. His Grace's kinsman, the Earl
of Aboyne.
Co. Se. Gordon and Huntly Castles,
Banffshire; Strathbogie Castle, Aber-
deenshire; and Kinrara Lodge, Strath-
spey, Inverness-shire.
Re!. His Grace is bro.-in-law to the
Duke of Bedford, and to the Duke of
Manchester: uncle to the Duke of
Richmond; to Lord John-George
Lennox, M.P. for Chichester; to the
Lady of Maj. Gen. Sir Peregrine
Maitland, K.C.B.; to the Lady of
the Hon. W.-L.-L. Fitzgerald de Ros
(son of the Baroness de Ros); to
Viscount Mandeville, M.P. for Hunt-
ingdonshire; to the Marchioness of
E. E.
1376
O'NEI
ORFO
( 210 )
Tweeddale; to the Baroness Bray-
brooke; to the Lady of Lord Eliott
(eldest son of the Earl of St. Germans),
M.P. for Liskeard; to the Lady of
Charles Ross, Esq. M.P. for St. Ger-
mans; to the Marquess of Tavistock,
M.P. for Bedfordshire; and to Lord
John Russel, M.P. for Tavistock.
137. O'NEILL, (1st) Earl,
of Shane's Castle, Antrimshire,
Y. of C. 1800
A Representative Peer of Ireland, for
life; elected in . . . . . 1800
N.&S. Charles-Henry-St.John O'Neill,
K. P. --"
O. T. I. P. Viscount Raymond and
O'Neill . . . . . . . . 1800
Baron O’Neill of Shane's Castle
1795 and 1793
Offi. Late Joint Postmaster General of
Ireland.
A Privy Councillor of the same.
A Governor of the County of Antrim,
and Col. of its Militia.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. 22d Jan. . . . . 1779
Suc. his father, as Viscount and
Baron, June . . . . . . 1798
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. John-Bruce-Richard O'Neill,
Constable of the Castle of Dublin, and
M.P. for Antrimshire.
Co. Se. Shane's Castle, and Raymond
Cottage, Antrimshire.
Rel. 2d cousin to the Earl of Cork and
Orrery: 3d cousin to Viscount Dun-
garvon; and to the Hon. John Boyle,
M.P. for Corkshire.
142. ONSLOW, Earl of,
of O., Salop . . . . Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. Arthur-George Onslow.
O. T. Viscount Cranley, ofC. Surrey 1801
Baron Onslow, of O. and West
Clandon, Surrey . . . . 1716
Baron Cranley, of Imber Court 1776
A Baronet.
Bn. 25th Oct. . . . . . . 1777
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, 22d
Feb. . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Mary, eldest dr. of G. Flud-
yer, Esq. of Ayston, Rutland-
shire, 21st July . 1818
H. Ap. Arthur-George, Viscount
Cranley, born 16th June . 1820
To. Res. St. George's Hotel, 34, Albe-
marle-street.
1827
Co. Se. Clandon Park, Surrey.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to Arthur
Onslow, Esq. King's Ancient Serjeant.
154. ORFORD, Earl of,
Suffolk . . . . . . Y. of C. 1806
N. & S. Horatio Walpole, M.A.
O. T. Baron Walpole, of W., and
of Wolterton, Norfolk 1723 and 1756.
Offi. Col. of the West Norfolk Militia.
High Steward of the Borough of Lynn.
Bn. June 14th . . . . . . 1783
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, 15th
June . . . . . . . . 1822
Mar. Mary, eldest dr. of W. A.
Fawknes, Esq. July 23d . 1812
H. Ap. Horatio-William, Lord
Walpole, born 18th April . . 1813
Co. Se. Wolterton Park, Aylsham,
Norfolk.
Rel. Brother to the Hon. John Walpole,
M.P. for King's Lynn: uncle to Sir
William-L.-G. Hoste, Bart.
Parl. Pat. One Member for King's
Lynn.


366. ORIEL, Baron, U.K.
of Ferrard, Louthshire Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Thomas-Henry Skeffington (late
Foster).
O. T. Baron Oriel, of Collon,
Louthshire . . 1790
I. P. Visco UNT FERRARD - 1797
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Governor of Louthshire, and Col. of
its Militia.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Ma-
nufacture.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his mother, as Irish Viscount
and Baron, 20th Jan. . . 1824
— his father, as 2d English Baron,
23d Aug. . . . . .
Mar. Harriet, Viscountess Massa-
rene and Baroness Loughneagh
(in her own right), Nov. 20 - 1810
H. Ap. A son, born 30th Nov. . 1812
Co. Se. Oriel Temple, Louthshire; and
Antrim Castle, co. Antrim.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to Ba-
ron Dufferin and Claneboy. The Ba-
roness is cousin to the Earl of Roden :
2d cousin to Wiscount Powerscourt.

361, ORMONDE, (1st) Baron, U. K.
of Llanthony, Monmouthshire,
Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. James Wandesford Butler, K.P.
O. T. I. P. lst MARQUE'ss of
ORMon DE . . . . .

OXFO
PEMB
( 21 1 )
Earl of Ormonde and Ossory
1328 and 1527.
Viscount Thurles, of T., Tip-
perary . . . . . . . 1535
Baron Arklow, of A. . . .
Offi. Gov. and Cust. Rot. of Kilkenny-
shire, and Col. of its Militia.
Hereditary Chief Butler of Ireland.
Bn. 15th July . . . . . . 1774
Suc. his bro. as 18th Earl, 10th
Aug. . . . . . . . . . 1820
Mar. Grace-Louisa, dr. of the Rt.
Hon. John Staples, of Tyrone-
shire, 27th Oct. . . . . .
H. Ap. John, Earl of Ossory,
M.P. for Kilkennyshire, born
24th Aug. . . . . . . . 1808
To. Res. 14, Weymouth-street, Port-
land-place.
Co. Se. Kilkenny Castle, Ireland.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Mem-
ber for Kilkennyshire : bro.-in-law to
Thomas Kavanagh, Esq. M.P. for
Carlowshire. The Marchioness is 2d
cousin to the present Wiscount Moles-
worth.
227. OXFORD, Lord Bishop of,
consecrated in . . . . . . . 1829
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Richard Bagot, D.D.
O. Offi. Dean of Canterbury.
Bn, in . . . . . . . . . 1782
Mar. Harriet, yst. dr. of George,
4th Earl of Jersey, Dec. 21st . 1806
Installed Dean of Canterbury in . 1827
Co. Se. Cuddesden Palace, near Oxford.
Rel. Brother to Baron Bagot; and to Sir
Charles Bagot, Ambassador at the
Court of the Netherlands: bro.-in-
law to the Earl of Jersey; to Sir Edw.
Paget, G.C.B.; and to the Earl of
Dartmouth.
N. B. This Prelate is Diocesan of
Oxfordshire only ; the same being in the
Province of Canterbury.
82. OXFORD and MORTIMER,
Earl of . Y. of C. 1711
N. & S. Edward Harley.
O. T. Baron Harley, of Wigmore,
Herefordshire . . . . . . 1711
Bn. Feb. 20th . . . . . 1773
Suc. his uncle, as 5th Earl, Oct.
8th . . . . . . . . . 1790
Mar. Jane-Elizabeth, dr. of the
Rev. J. Scott (deceased), Mar.
3d . . . . . . . . .
H. Ap. Alfred, Lord Hurley, born
Jan. 10th . . . . . . . 1809
1807
- - - -
1794
Co. Se. Brampton Park, Oxon; Eye-
wood House, Herefordshire.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the Hon.
and Rev. William Harley, Prebendary
of Worcester: kinsman to Sir Charles-
G. Morgan, Bart. M. P. for Mon-
mouthshire; and to his son, George-
Gould Morgan, Esq. M. P. for
Brecon: also to the Baroness Rod-
ney; and to the lady of Hugh-Owen
Owen, Esq. M.P. for Pembroke (son
to Sir John Owen, Bart. M. P. for
Pembrokeshire).
53. PEMBROKE and MONT-
GOMERY, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1551 & 1605
N. & S. Robert-Henry Herbert.
O. T. Baron Herbert, of Cardiff.

Glamorganshire . . . 1551
Baron Herbert, of Shurland, I.
of Sheppy, Kent . 1605
Baron Ross, of Kendall, West-
moreland . . . . . . .
Baron Parr, Marmion, and St.
Quentin . . . . . . .
Offi. Hereditary Visitor of Jesus College,
Oxford.
High Steward of the Borough of Wilton.
Bn. Sept. 19th . . . . . 1791
Suc. his father, as 12th Earl of P.
and 9th Earl of M., Oct. 26th . 1827
Mar. the Princess Octavia Spinelli,
dr. of the Duke of Lorine, and
widow of the Sicilian Prince de
Rubari, Aug. 17th . . . . 1814
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Sidney Herbert.
Co. Se. Wilton House, near Salisbury.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Normanton.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Wilton.
373. PENSHURST, (1st) Baron, U.K.
of P. Kent, . . . . Y. of C. 1825
N. & S. Percy-Clinton-Sydney Smythe,
G.C.B. and K.T.S., D.C.L., F.R.S.,
& F.S.A.
O. T. I. P. VIsco UNT STRANG-
Ford, of S., Downshire . . 1628
A Grandee of Portugal.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Bn. 31st August . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 8th Viscount,
1st Oct. . . . . . . . .
Mar. Ellen, y, dr. of Sir T. Burke,
Bart. (widow of N. Browne,
Esq.,) 17th June . . 1817

1780
1801
PETE
PLUN
( 212 )
H.A.p.George-Augustus-Frederick
Sydney, born 13th April . . 1818
To. Res. 68, Harley-street.
Viscount Strangford is the translator
of several pieces of the Portuguese poet
Camoens. He was
Ambassador at the Court of Lisbon
1I] . . 1806
— at the Swedish Court
in . . . . . . . . . 1817
at the Court of Con-
stantinople in . . . 1820
at the Court of Peters.
. 1825
burgh in . . . .
216. PETERBOROUGH, Lord
Bishop of translated from Llandaff
in . . . . . . . . . . 1819
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Herbert Marsh, D.D.,
F.R.S., and F.A.S.
O. Offi. Lady Margaret’s Professor of
Divinity at Cambridge.
Cons. Bishop of Llandaffin . . 1816
Co. Se. Bishop's Palace, Peterborough,
Northamptonshire.
N. B. Northamptonshire and Rut-
landshire compose His Lordship's
Diocess; being situated in the pro-
vince of Canterbury.
242. PETRE, Baron,
of Writtle, Essex . . . Y. of C. 1603
N. & S. William-Henry-Francis Petre,
F.R.S.
Bn. 22d Jan. . . . . . . 1793
Suc. his father, as 11th Baron,
29th March . . . . . . 1809
Mar. First, Frances-Charlotte,
(deceased) eld. dr. of Sir
Richard Bedingfield, Bart.,
2d June - - - - - -
Secondly, Emma, dr. of H.
Howard, Esq., of Corby
Castle, M.P. for New Shore-
ham, 18th April . . . 1823
H. Ap. William, born 30th Dec. 1817
To, Res. 3, Mansfield-street, Portland-
place. -
Co. Se. Thorndon Hall, near Brentford,
Essex; Buckenham House, Norfolk;
and Dunket Hall, Lancashire.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the Duke
of Norfolk : cousin to the Earl of
Surrey, M.P. for Horsham: brother
to the Hon. Ed. Petre, Treasurer to
the Associated Catholic Charities for
Educating, Clothing, and Apprenticing
Children of poor Catholics.
His Lordship is a CAtholic.
1815
385, PLUNKET, (1st) Baron, U.K.
of Newton, Corkshire, Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. William-Conyngham Plunket,
D.C.L.
Offi. Lord Chancellor of Ireland.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.

Bn, in . . . . . . . . 1765
Mar. Miss M*Causland of Sligo-shire
(deceased).
H. Ap. Thomas, in holy orders.
Rel. Father to the Hon. John Plunket,
a barrister (who is son-in-law to the
Rt. Hon. C.-K. Bushe, Lord Chief
Justice of the Court of King's Bench
in Ireland); also to the Hon. David
Plunket, a barrister, and Prothonotary
to the Court of Common Pleas in Ire-
land.
Res. Dublin.
Co. Se. Old Connaught, Wicklowshire.

70. PLYMOUTH, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1682
N. & S. Other-Archer Windsor.
O. T. Baron Windsor, of Braden-
ham, Bucks . . . . . . 1529
Bn. 2d July . . . . . . . 1789
Suc. his father, as 6th Earl, 12th
June . . . . . . . . 1799
Mar. Mary, eld. dr. of John-Fre-
derick, 3d Duke of Dorset, 5th
August . . . . . . . 1811
To. Res. 27, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se, Hewell-Grange, Worcestershire;
Knoll Park, Kent; and St. Fugan’s
Castle, Glamorganshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother-in-law to
the Marquess of Downshire; to the
Hon. Robert-Henry Clive, M.P. for
Ludlow (son to the Earl of Powis,
and brother to Wiscount Clive, also
Member for Ludlow): 2d cousin
to the children of the Hon. William-
Pole-Tylney-Long Wellesley, by the
late lamented Catherine-Tylney Long,
dr. and heiress of Sir James-Tylney-
Long Long, Bart. The Countess is
cousin to the Duke of Dorset.



91. POMFRET, Earl of,
of Pontefract, Yorkshire Y. of C. 1721
N. & S.Thomas-William Fermor, K.T.S.,
F.R.S., F.S.A., D.C.L.
O. T. Baron Leominster, of L.,
Herefordshire . . . . . 1692
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1641
Offi. A Lieut.-General.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . 1770
PONS
PORT
( 213 )
Suc. his brother, as 4th Earl, April 1830
Mar. Amabel-Elizabeth, eld. dr. of Sir
Richard Borough, Bart.
H. Ap. George-William-Richard,
born 31st Dec. . . . . 1824
To. Res. 33, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Easton Hall, near Towcester,
Northamptonshire.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle to Sir George-
William Denys, Bart.
265. PONSONBY, Baron,
of Sysonby, Leicestershire Y. of C. 1749
N. & S. Frederic Ponsonby.
O. T. I. P. EARL of BE's Borough.
Viscount Duncannon, of the Fort of
D., Co. Waterford.
Baron Besborough, of B., Co. Kil-
kenny.
Offi. Vice Admiral of Munster Province.
Bn. 24th Jan. . . . . . . 1758
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, 11th
March . . . . . . 1793
Mar. Henrietta-Frances (deceased),
2d dr. of John, 1st Earl Spencer,
27th Nov. . . . . . . . 1780
H. Ap. John-William, Viscount
Duncannon, born 31st Aug. . 1781
To. Res. 20, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Besborough House, Kilkenny,
Ireland; Sysonby, Leicestershire; and
Roehampton, Surrey.
Rel, Father to Viscount Duncannon,
M.P. for Kilkennyshire (mar. to
Maria, 3d dr. of the Earl of West-
moreland); to Major-Gen, the Hon.
Frederic-Cavendish Ponsonby, Lieut.-
Gov. of Malta (mar. to Emily-Char-
lotte, y. dr. of Earl Bathurst); and
to the Hon. William-Francis-Spencer
Ponsonby, M.P. for Poole (mar. to
Barbara, dr. and heiress of Anthony,
6th Earl of Shaftesbury): fa.-in-law
to Viscount Melbourne: bro.-in-law
to Earl Spencer; and to Earl Fitz-
william : uncle to Viscount Milton;
grand-uncle to the Duke of St. Albans;
to the lady of A.-A. Capel, Esq.
(nephew and heir to the Earl of
Essex); and to the lady of Montague-
John Cholmeley, Esq., M.P. for
Grantham. His Lordship's sons are
cousins to Wiscount Milton; to Vis-
count Althorpe, M.P. for Northamp-
tonshire; to Baron Lyttleton; and to
the Duke of Devonshire.
343. PONSONBY, Baron, U.K.
of ſmokilly, Corkshire Y, of C. 1806
W. & S. John Ponsonby.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Envoy Eatraordinary and Minister
Plenipotentiary at the Brazilian
Court.
Bit, in . . . . . . . . . 1770
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 5th
Nov. . . . . . . . . . 1806
Mar. Elizabeth-Frances, dr. of
George, 4th Earl of Jersey, 13th
Jan. . . . . . . . . 1803
H. Pres. His Lordship's nephew
William, born in . . . . . 1816
Res. Rio Janeiro, Brazils, South America.
Co. Se. Bishop's Court, Kildare, Ireland.
Rel. Brother to the Hon. and Right
Rev. Richard, Lord Bishop of Kil-
laloe and Kilfenora; to the Hon.
George Ponsonby, M.P. for Youghall;
and to the Countess Grey. The Ba-
roness is sister to the Earl of Jersey;
to the lady of the Hon. C.-W. Wynd-
ham (brother to the Earl of Egre-
mont); to the Duchess of Argyll;
and to the lady of the Hon. and Right
|. Richard, Lord Bishop of Ox-
Orol.


21. PORTLAND, Duke of,
Y. of C. 1716
N. & S. William-Henry-Cavendish-
Scott Bentinck, D.C.L., F.R.S., and
F.S.A.
O. T. Marquess of Titchfield,
Southamptonshire . . . . 1716
Earl of Portland, Dorsetshire
Viscount Woodstock, of W.,
Oxon . . . . . . .
Baron Cirencester, of C.,
Gloucestershire . . . .
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Mid-
1689
dlesea'.
A Family Trustee of the British Mu-
Seul Il.
Bn. 24th June . . . . . . 1768
Suc. his father, as 4th Duke, 30th
Oct. . . . . . . . . . 1809
Mar. Henrietta, eld, dr. and heiress
of General Scott, of Balcomie,
Fifeshire, 4th Aug. . . . . 1795

H. Ap. William-John, Marquess
of Titchfield, born 12th Sept. . 1800
To. Res. 19, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Welbeck Abbey, Notts;
Balsover Castle, Derbyshire;
Bulstrode, Bucks; Fullarton,
House, and Dean Castle, Ayr-
shire, Scotland.
PORT
POWIS
( 214 )
Rel. The Duke is father to Lord George-
Cavendish-Scott Bentinck, M.P. for
King's Lynn: fa.-in-law to John-
Evelyn Denison, Esq. (son of Wil-
liam-Joseph Denison, Esq., M.P. for
Surrey; and nephew of the Mar-
chioness of Conyngham); and to Baron
Howard de Walden: brother to Lord
William-Henry-Cavendish Bentinck,
G.C.B., Governor General and Lieut.
General of India (who is bro.-in-law
to the Earl of Gosford): nephew to
Lord George-A.-H. Cavendish, M.P.
for Derbyshire: cousin to the Duke of
Devonshire; and to the Hon. H.-F.-
C. Cavendish, M.P. for Derby: 2d
cousin to William Cavendish, Esq.,
M.P. for Cambridge University (who
is heir, in the 2d degree, to the duke-
dom of Devonshire).
Parl. Pat. One Member for King's Lynn.
96. PORTSMOUTH. Earl of,
Y. of C. 1743
N. & S. John-Charles Wallop.
O. T. Viscount Lymington . .
Baron Wallop, of Farley W.,
Co. Southampton - -
Offi. Bailiff of Burley, in the New
Forest, Hants.
Bn. Dec. 18 . . . . . . . 1767
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, May 16 1797
Mar. Grace, dr. of Fletcher, 1st
Baron Grantley (deceased), in . 1799
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Newton Fellowes (son-in-law to
the Earl Fortescue).
Co. Se. Hurstbourne Park, Hampshire;
and Farley Wallop, Southampton-
shire.
His Lordship is in a state of mental im-
becility, and has been incapable of
managing his affairs for several years.
1720
81. POULETT, Earl, Y. of C. 1706
N. & S. John Poulett.
O. T. Viscount Hinton, of H. St.
George, Somersetshire . 1706
Baron Poulett . . . . . . 1627
Offi. Col. of the Somersetshire Militia.
Bn. July 5 . . . . . . . 1783
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl, Jan. 14 1819
Mar. Charlotte-Fanny, dr. of H.-
B. Portman, Esq., of Bryanstone
House, Dorsetshire, Aug. 28 . 1820
H. Ap. John, Viscount Hinton,
born June 8 . . . . . . 1821
To. Res. 5, Dean-street, South Audley-
Street.
Co. Se. Hinton St.George, Somersetshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother-in-law to
Edmund-Berkeley Portman, Esq.,
M.P. for Dorsetshire (son-in-law to
the Earl of Harewood); and to the
Earl of Darlington, M.P. for Saltash
(son of the Marquess of Cleveland).
148. POWIS, (1st) Earl of
Y. of C. 1804
N. & S. Edward Clive, D.C.L.
O.T. 1st Viscount Clive, of Ludlow 1804
1st Baron Herbert, of
Cherbury . . ) Shrop-
1st Baron Clive, º shire.
Walcot . . . . §
1st Baron Powis, of Powis,
Montgomeryshire . 1804 and 1794
I. P. Baron Clive, of Plassey . 1762
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Lord Lieut. of Shropshire.
Recorder of Shrewsbury and Ludlow.
Bn. March 7 . . . . . . . 1754
Suc. his father, as 2d Irish Baron,
Nov. 22 . . . . . . . . 1774
Mar. Henrietta-Antonia(deceased),
dr. of Henry-Arthur, Earl Powis,
and sister and heiress of the last
Earl of the Herbertfamily, May 7
H. Ap. Edward, Wiscount Clive,
M.P. for Ludlow (who is son-in-
law to the Duke of Montrose:
bro.-in-law to the Marquess of
Graham, M.P. for Cambridge
Borough; and to the Countess
of Winchelsea and Nottingham),
born March 22 - . . 1785
To. Res. 45, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Walcot Hall, near Ludlow,
Shropshire; Oakley Park, same Co.;
and Powis Castle, Montgomeryshire.
Rel. The Earl is likewise father to the
Hon. Robert-Henry Clive, the other
Member for Ludlow : fa.-in-law to
Sir Watkin-Williams Wynn, Bart.,
M.P. for Denbighshire; and to the
Duke of Northumberland: kinsman
to Edward-Bolton Clive, Esq., M.P.
for the City of Hereford; and to
Henry Clive, Esq., M.P. for Mont-
gomery.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Bishop's
Castle; two Members for Ludlow ;
and one Member for Montgomery.

1804
1784

358. PRUDHOE, (1st) Baron,
of P. Castle, Northumberland,
Y. of C. 1816
QUEEN
RANF
( 215 )
N. & S. Algernon Percy.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Bn. Sept. 15 . . . . . . . 1792
To. Res. Northumberland House, Cha-
ring-cross.
Co. Se. Stanwick Park, Yorkshire.
Rel. Brother to the Duke of Northum-
berland: bro.-in-law to Baron Glen-
lyon: nephew to the Earl of Beverly:
cousin to Lord Lovaine, M.P. for
Beeralston; to Hugh, Lord Bishop of
Carlisle; and to the Countess of Ash-
burnham.
29. QUEENSBERRY, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1682
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected Sept. 2 . . . . . . 1830
N. & S. Charles Douglas, K.T.
O. T. Earl of Queensberry .
S. P. Viscount Drumlanrig ?
Baron Douglas, of Hawick and X-1628
Tibbers . . . . . .
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1668
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Dumfries-shire, and
Col. of its Militia.
Bn. in March . . . . . . 1777
Suc. his kinsman, William, the 4th
Duke, as 5th Marquess, Dec. 23 1810
Mar. Caroline, 3d dr. of Henry,
3d Duke of Buccleugh, Aug. 13 1803
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, John
Douglas, Esq., of Lockerby.
Co. Se. Amesbury, Wilts; Middleton-
Stoney, Oxon; Kinmount and Drum-
lanrig, Dumfries-shire.
Rel. Brother to the Hon. William-
Robert-Keith Douglas, M.P. for Dum-
fries: bro.-in-law to Major-Gen. Sir
Thomas-Sidney Beckwith, K.C.B.
The Marchioness is aunt to the present
Duke of Buccleugh; to the lady of
Viscount Stopford (son of the Earl of
Courtown); and to the lady of the
Hon. Peregrine-Francis Cust (son of
Earl Brownlow), M.P. for Clitheroe.
. 1633
107, RADNOR, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1765
N. & S. William-Pleydell Bouverie.
O. T. Viscount Folkestone, of F.,
Kent. . . . . . . . . 1747
Baron Longford, of L., Wiltshire 1747
Baron Pleydell-Bouverie, of
Coleshill, Berkshire . . . 1765
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1713
Offi. Recorder of Salisbury.
High Steward of Wallingford. 1
Bn. 11th May . . . 779
Suc.his father, as 3d Earl, 27th Jan. 1828
Mar. First, Catherine (deceased),
dr. of Henry, Earl of Lincoln,
Oct. 2 . . . . . . . 1810
Secondly, Anne-Judith, 3d dr.
of Sir H.-P.-St. John Mild-
may, Bart. 24th May . . 1814
H. Ap. Jacob, Viscount Folke-
stone, born 18th Sept. . . . 1815
To. Res. 52, Lower Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Longford Castle, near Salis-
bury, Wiltshire; and Coleshill House,
Berks.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Duncombe-Pleydell Bouverie, Capt.
R.N. and M.P. for New Sarum; to
the Hon. and Rev. F.-P. Bouverie, a
Canon of Windsor; and to the Hon.
P.-P. Bouverie, M. P. for Cocker-
mouth : bro.-in-law to Paulet–St. John
Mildmay, Esq., mayor of and M.P.
for Winchester. His Lordship's daugh-
ter, Catherine (wife of Col. Buckley
of the Grenadier Guards), is 2d cou-
sin to the Duke of Newcastle.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Downton;
one Member for New Sarum (Salis-
bury).

376. RANFURLY, (1st) Baron, U.K.
of Ramphorlie, Renfrewshire,
Y. of C. 1826
N. & S. Thomas Knox.
O. T. I. P. Viscou NT Nor TH-
LAN ID . . . . . . . 1791
Baron Wells, of Dungannon, Ty-
roneshire . . 1781

Offi. A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture.
Bn, 5th Aug. . . . . . . 1754
Suc. his father, as 2d Wiscount,
5th Nov. . . . . . . . 1818
Mar. Diana-Jane, eldest dr. of the
last Viscount Perry, 2d June . 1785
H. Ap. The Hon. Thomas Knox,
M.P. for Dungannon, born 19th
April . . . . . . . . 1786
(Married to Mary-Juliana, eldest dr.
of the late Archbishop of Armagh.)
Co. Se. Dungannon Park, Tyroneshire.
Rel. Besides the Member for Dungannon,
his Lordship is father also to the Hon.
John-Henry Knox, M.P. for Newry
(who is son-in-law to the Earl of Kil-
money): brother to the Hon. and Rt.
Rev. William, Lord Bishop of Derry;
and to the Hon. and Rev. Edmund
Knox, Dean of Down: cousin to Vis-
count de Vesci.
Parl. Pat. The Member for Dungannon.


RAVE
RIBB
( 216 )
368, RAVENSWORTH (1st) Baron,
of R. Castle, Durham . Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Thomas-Henry Liddell.
O. T. A. Baronet . . . . . 1642
Bn. Feb. . . . . . . . . 1775
Mar. Maria-Susanna, dr. of J.
Simpson, Esq., and grandaugh-
ter of Thomas,8th Earl of Strath-
more, 26th March . . . . 1796
H. Ap. Henry-Thomas, born 10th
March . . . . . . . . 1797
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the present Earl of
Strathmore (who is fa.-in-law to the
Baron's brother, the Rev. George
Liddell); father to the Hon. Thomas-
Henry Liddell (son-in-law to Lord
George Seymour): fa.-in-law to Vis-
count Normanby; to Sir Hedworth
Williamson, Bart.; and to the Hon.
W. K. Barrington, eldest son of Vis-
count Barrington.
Co. Se. Percy’s Cross, Fulham; and
Ravensworth Castle, Durham.
404. RAYLEIGH (1st) Baroness,
of Terling Place, Essex Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Charlotte-Mary-Gertrude
Strutt.
Bn. 29th May . . . . . . 1758
Mar. Joseph-Holden Strutt, Esq.
Col. in the Army, 23d Feb. . 1793
H. Ap. John-James, born 30th
Jan. . . . . . . . . . 1796
Co. Se. Terling Place, Essex.
Rel. The Baroness is sister to the Ba-
roness de Ros: aunt to the Duke of
Leinster: to Lord William-Charles-
O'Brien Fitzgerald, M.P. for Kildare-
shire; to the Viscountess de Chabot;
to the Baroness Foley; and to the
Dowager Baroness Kinnaird : grand-
aunt to the present Baron Kinnaird.
331. REDESDALE, Baron, U.K.
of R., Northumberland Y. of C. 1802
N. & S. John-Thomas-Freeman Mitford,
F.R.S. and F.S.A.
Offi. A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
Bn. 9th Sept. . . . . . . 1805
Suc, his father, as 2d Baron, Feb. 1830
To. Res. 49, Harley-street.
Co. Se. Batsford Park, near Moreton-in-
the-Marsh, Gloucestershire.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to Baron
Arden: cousin to Spencer Perceval,
Esq. M.P. for Newport, Isle of Wight;
to the Lady of Sir William Heathcote,
Bart, M.P. for Hampshire; and to the
Earl of Egmont.
319. RIBBLESDALE, Baron,
of Gisburne Park, Yorkshire Y. of C. 1797
N. & S. Thomas Lister, D.C.L.
Bn. 23d Jan. . . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 22d
Sept. . . . . . . . . . 1826
Mar. Adelaide, eldest dr. of
T. Lister, Esq. 9th Feb. . 1826
H. Ap. A son, born 28th April 1828
Co. Se, Gisburne Park, and Malham-
water, Yorkshire.
1790
11. RICHMOND, Duke of,
in Yorkshire . . . . Y. of C. 1675
N. & S. Charles Lennox, K.G.
O. T. Earl of March . . . . )
Baron of Settrington in York- |
shire . . . . . - - -
S. P. DUKE of LENNox . * 1675
Earl of Darnley . . . . .
Baron Methuen, of Tarbiton]
Duke D'Aubigny in the Peer-
age of France . . . . .
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Postmaster General.
A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
Col. of the Sussex Militia.
High-Steward of Chichester.
Bn. 3d August . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 5th Duke, 28th
August . . . . . . . . 1819
Mar. Caroline, eld, dr. of Henry-
William, 1st Marquess of An-
glesey, 10th April . . . .
H. Ap. Charles, Earl of March,
born 27th Feb. . . 1818
To, Res. 9. Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Goodwood Park, near Chichester;
and West Stoke, Sussex.
Rel. His Grace is brother to Lord John-
George Lennox, M.P. for Chichester
(who is son-in-law to the Hon. John
Rodney, Chief Secretary to the Govern-
ment at Ceylon, and uncle to Baron
Rodney); to Lord Sussex Lennox
(son-in-law to Baron Cloncurry): son-
in-law to the Marquess of Anglesey:
brother-in-law to Charles-Augustus
Fitzroy, Esq. (son of Lord Charles
Fitzroy, and nephew of the Duke of
Grafton and the Baroness Churchill);
to Major Gen. Sir Peregrine Maitland,
K.C.B.: to the Hon. W.-L.-L.-Fitz-
gerald De Ros (son of the Baroness
De Ros); to the Earl of Uxbridge,
M.P. for Anglesey; to the lady of the

1683

1791
1817

RIVE
RODN
( 217 )

Earl of Mountcharles (eld. son of the
Marquess of Conyngham, and M.P.
for Donegalshire); and to the lady of
Arthur Chichester, Esq., M.P. for
Milborne Port (nephew to the Mar-
quess of Donegal): nephew to the
Duke of Gordon, and to the Duchess
of Bedford: cows in to the children of
the Duke of Manchester, viz. Viscount
Mandeville, M.P. for Huntingdon-
shire; the Marchioness of Tweeddale;
and the lady of John-Hales Calcraft,
Esq. (son of the Rt. Hon. John Cal-
craft, Paymaster-General of the Forces,
and M.P. for Wareham): cousin also
to the Baroness Braybrooke; to the
lady of Lord Eliott, M.P. for Liskeard |
(eld, son of the Earl of St. Germans);
to the lady of Charles Ross, Esq., M.P.
for St. Germans; to the Marquess of
Tavistock, M.P. for Bedfordshire; and
to Lord John Russel, M.P. for Tawi-
stock.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Chichester.
332. RIVERS, Baron,
of Sudley Castle, Gloucestershire,
Y. of C. 1802
N. & S. William-Horace-Pitt Rivers.
Bn. 21st July . . . . . 1810
Suc. his father, as 4th Baron, 25th
Jan. . . . . . . . - 1831
To, Res. 10, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Eltham Lodge, Kent; Rush-
more Lodge, Dorsetshire; and Hare
Park, Newmarket.
His Lordship's father, the late Lord
Rivers, was found drowned in the Ser-
pentine River, Hyde Park, on the 25th
January, 1831.
214, ROCHESTER, Lord
Bishop of, translated from Sodor and
Mann in . . . . . . . . 1827
N. & S. Rt. Rev. George Murray, D.D.
O. Offi. Dean of Worcester.
Vicar of Bromesgrove, Worcestershire.
Cons. Bishop of Sodor and Mann
in . . . . . . . . . . 1813
Mar. Sarah-Maria, 2d dr. to Robert-Hay
Drummond, 9th Earl of Kinnoul.
Co. Se. Bromley Palace, Kent.
Rel. His Lordshipiscousin to the present
Duke of Athol; to Baron Glenlyon;
to the Viscountess Strathallan ; and to
the lady of Sir Evan-John-M“Gregor
Murray, Bart.: bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Kinnoul.
N. B. The Bishop of Rochester is Dio-
cesan over parts of Kent, Suffolk, and
Cambridgeshire; all in the province of
Canterbury.

282. RODNEY, Baron,
of R. Stoke, Somersetshire, Y. C. 1782
N. & S. George Rodney.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . 1764
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of
Radnorshire.
Col. of the North Hampshire Militia.
Bn, 17th June . . . . . . 1782
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, 2d
Jan. . . . . . . . . . 1802
Mar. Charlotte-Georgiana, 2d dr.
of Sir Charles Morgan, of Fre-
degar, Bart., 27th Feb. . . . 1819
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Thomas-JamesHarley (formerly
Rodney).
Co. Se. Great Alresford, Hampshire.
Rel. 2d cousin to the Earl of Oxford:
son-in-law to one of the members for
Monmouthshire: brother to the Pre-
bendary of Hereford,



311. ROLLE, (First) Baron,
of Stevenstone, Devonshire Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. John Rolle.
Offi. Recorder of Torrington, Devonshire,
Col. of the South Devon Militia.
Bn. Oct. 16 . . . . . . . 1756
Mar. First, Judith-Maria (de-
ceased), dr. of Henry Wal-
rond, Esq., July 22 . . . 1778
Secondly, Louisa, y. dr. of
Robert, 15th Baron Clinton,
Sept. 24 . . . . . . . 1822
To. Res. 18, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Seats. Stevenston, near Torrington;
and Bicton, near Honiton, Devonshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Bethell Walrond, Esq.
M.P. for Sudbury; and to Baron
Rolle. -

143. ROMNEY, Earl of,
in Kent . . . . . Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. Charles Marsham.
O. T. Viscount Marsham, of the

Mote . . . . . . . 1801
Baron Romney, of R. . . . 1716
A Baronet . . . . . . 1663

Offi. President of the Society for the
Discharge and Relief of Persons im-
prisoned for Small Debts throughout
England and Wales.
F. F.
ROSE
ROSS
( 218 )
Bn. Nov. 22 . . . .
Suc. his father, as 2nd
March 1 . . . . . . .
Mar. Sophia, dr. of W.-M. Pitt,
Esq., of Kingston House, Dorset
(deceased), Sept. 9 . . . . 1806
H. Ap. Charles, Viscount Mar-
sham, born 31st July . 1808
To. Res. 8, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Mote Park, Maidstone, Kent.
Rel. Nephew to the Earl of Egremont:
cousin to the Earl of Caernarvon: 2nd
cousin to Lord Porchester.
Earl,
390. ROSEBERY, Baron, U.K.
Y. of C. 1828
N. & S. Archibald-John Primrose,
D.C.L. & F.R.S.
O. T. S. P. EARL of Rose-
BERY . . . . . . . . 1703
Wiscount Rosebery and Inver-
keithing . . . . 1700, 1703
Baron Dalmeny and Prim-
TOSe . . . . . . 1700
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1651
Bn. Oct. 14 . . . . . . . 1783
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl,
March 25 . . . . . . . 1814
Mar. First, Henrietta, 2nd dr. of
the Hon. W. Bouverie, (son
of William, 1st Earl of Rad-
nor) May 20 (divorced) . . 1808
Secondly, Anne-Margaret, eld.
dr. of Thomas, 1st Viscount
Anson, in . . . . . . 1819
H. Ap. Archibald, Lord Dalmeny,
born Oct. 2 . . . . . . 1809
To. Res. 139, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Warren Wood, Herts; Rose-
bery, Edinburghshire; and Dalmeny
Park, Linlithgowshire, N.B.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to
Baron Howard, of Effingham; and to
Viscount Anson. Lord Dalmeny is
cousin to the Earl of Radnor; and to
the Hon. Duncombe-Pleydell Bou-
verie, M.P. for New Sarum.
354. ROSS, (1st) Baron, U.K.
of Halkhead, Renfrewshire, Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. George Boyle, F.R.S. & F.S.A.
O. T. S. P. EARL of GLAsgow 1703
Viscount Kelburn . . . 1703
Baron Boyle, of Kelburn, Stew-
arton, Cumbra, Fenwick,
Largs, and Dalry . 1699 & 1703
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Ayrshire.
. . 1777 |
An Extraordinary Director of the
Bank of Scotland.
Bn. March 26 . . . . . , 1766
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl,
March 7 . . . . . . .
Mar. First, Augusta (deceased),
dr. of James, 15th Earl of Errol,
ln - - - - - - - - -
Secondly, Julia, dr, of the Right
Hon. Sir John Sinclair, Bart.
in . . . . . . . . . 1824
H. Ap. James, Viscount Kelburn,
born April 10 . . . . . . 1792
Co. Se, Halkhead, Renfrewshire; Kel-
burn House, Ayrshire; and Etal,
Northumberland.
Rel. His Lordship is fa.-in-law to Lieut.
Col. Fitzclarence (son to His Ma-
jesty, and bro.-in-law to the present
Earl of Errol).


151. ROSSE, Earl of Y. of C. 1806
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life, elected in . . . . . 1809
N. & S. Laurence Parsons, M.R.I.A.
O. T. I. P. Baron Oxmantown - 1792
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1677
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Cust. Rot. and a Governor of King's
County, Ireland.
Bn. May 21 . . . . . . . 1758
Suc. his uncle, as 2d Earl, April
20 . . . . . . . . . 1807
Mar. Alice, dr. of John Lloyd,
Esq., of Gloster, King's County,
April 5 . . . . . . . .
H. Ap. William, Lord Orman-
town, M.P. for King's County,
born June 17 . . . . . . 1800
Co. Se. Birr Castle, Parson's Town,
King's County.
1797
140. ROSSLYN, Earl of,
Co. Midlothian . . . Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. James-St. Clair Erskine, G.C.B.
O. T. Baron Loughborough, of
L., Surrey. . . . . . 1795
A Baronet of Nova Scotia . . 1666
Offi. Late Lord Privy Seal.
Lord. Lieut. of Fifeshire.
Director for Life of the Scottish Chan-
cery.
A General in the Army.
Col. of the 9th Reg. of Lancers.
Member of the Board of General Of-
ficers.
A Commissioner of the Royal Military
College and Asylum.

--

RUTL
ST. AL
( 219. )
A Privy Councillor and Councillor of
State in Scotland.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . . 1762
Suc. his Maternal Uncle, as 2d
Earl, 3d Jan. . . . . . 1805
Mar. Henrietta-Elizabeth, dr.
of the Hon. Ed. Bouverie
(deceased).
H. Ap. James-Alexander, Lord Lough-
borough, M.P. for Dysart, and Lieut.-
Col. of the 9th Lancers.
To. Res. 10, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Dysart House. Fifeshire; and
Laigle House, Yorkshire.
19. RUTLAND, Duke of,
Y. of C. 1703
N. & S. John-Henry Manners, K.G.
O. T. Marquess of Granby, Notts 1703
Earl of Rutland . . . . 1525
Baron Manners, of Haddon,
Derbyshire . . . . . 1679
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Lei-
cestershire, and
Col. of the Militia of the same County.
Recorder of Cambridge, Grantham,
and Scarborough.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Bn. 4th Jan. . . . . . . . 1778
Suc. his father, as 5th Duke, 24th
Oct. . . . . . . . . . .787
Mar. Elizabeth (deceased), dr. of
Frederick, 5th Earl of Carlisle,
22d April . . . . . . . 1799
H. Ap. Charles-Cecil-John, Mar-
quess of Granby, born 16th May 1815
To. Res. 28, Sackville-street.
Co. Se. Belvoir Castle, Leicestershire;
Cheveley Park, Cambridgeshire; and
Haddon Hall, Derbyshire.
Rel. His Grace is bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Carlisle: brother to Major-
General Lord Charles-Somerset Man-
ners; and to Lord Robert-William
Manners, M.P. for Leicestershire:
uncle to Baron Forester; to the Hon.
George-Cecil-Weld Forester, M.P. for
Wenlock; and to the lady of the Hon.
Robert-John Smith (son and heir to
Baron Carrington), M.P. for Bucking-
hamshire: nephew to Baron Manners;
and to the late Lord Archbishop of
Canterbury: 2d cousin to the Right
Hon. Charles-Manners Sutton, M.P.
for Scarborough, and Speaker of the
House of Commons.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Cam-
bridge; one Member for Scarborough;
and one Member for Bramber.
- 14. ST. ALBANS, Duke of,
Y. of C. 1683
N. & S. William-Aubrey-de-Vere Beau-
clerk.
O. T. Earl of Burford, of B.,
Oxon . . . . . . . . 1676
Baron Hedington, same Co. . 1676
Baron Vere, of Hanworth, Mid-
dlesex . . . . . . 1750
Offi. Hereditary Registrar of the Court
of Chancery.
Hereditary Grand Falconer of Eng-
land.
Bn. 24th March . . . . . 1801
Suc. his father, as 9th Duke, 17th
July . . . . . . . . . 1825
Mar. Harriet, widow of Thomas
Coutts, Esq., Banker, in June, 1827
H. Pres. His Grace's brother, Lord Fre-
derick-Charles-Peter Beauclerk.
To. Res. 1, Stratton-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Holly Lodge, Highgate; Red-
bourn Hall, near Brigg, Lincolnshire;
and Gatton, Surrey.
Rel. His Grace is bro-in-law to Arthur-
Algernon Capel, Esq. (who is nephew
and h. pres, to the Earl of Essex);
also to Montague-John Cholmeley,
Esq. (son of Sir M. Cholmeley,
Bart.), M.P. for Grantham : grand-
nephew to the Earl of Besborough:
2d cousin to Viscount Duncannon,
M.P. for Kilkennyshire; to Major
Gen. the Hon. Frederick-Cavendish
Ponsonby, C.B. &c., Lieut. Gov. of
Malta; to the Hon. William-Francis-
Spencer Ponsonby, M.P. for Poole;
to Viscount Milton; and to Lord-
George-A-F. Cavendish, M.P. for
Derbyshire: 3d cousin to the Duke
of Devonshire; to the Hon H.-F.-C.
Cavendish, M.P. for Derby; and to
the Hon. G.-A.-F. Lamb (son to Vis-
count Melbourne): cousin, in the 4th
degree, to William Cavendish, Esq.,
M.P. for Cambridge University.

212. ST. ASAPH, Lord Bishop of,
translated from Hereford in . 1815
N. & S. Right Reverend John Lux-
more, D.D.
O. Offi. Archdeacon of St. Asaph.
Cons. Bishop of Bristol in . 1807
Trans. to Hereford . . . . . 1808
To. Res. 10, Whitehall-place.
Co. Se. Palace, St. Asaph, Flintshire.
N. B. Flintshire, and parts of Denbigh,
Montgomery, Merioneth, and Shrop-


ST. DA
ST. HE
( 220 )
shires, all in the province of Canter-
bury, compose this Prelate’s diocess.
222. ST. DAVIDS, Lord Bishop of,
consecrated in . . . . . . 1825
N. & S. Right Reverend John-Banks
Jenkinson, D.D.
O. Offi. Dean of Durham.
Visitor of St. David’s College, Lam-
peter, Cardiganshire.
Co. Se. Aberguilly Palace, Caermarthen-
shire.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to the late
and present Earls of Liverpool; and
to the Countess of Verulam.
N. B. The spiritual authority of the
Bishop of St. Davids extends over
the counties of Pembroke, Cardigan,
Caermarthen, Brecknock, and parts
of Radnor, Glamorgan Hereford,
Merioneth, and Montgomeryshires; all
in the province of the Archbishop of
Canterbury.
164. ST. GERMANS, Earl of,
in Cornwall . . . . Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. William Eliot, M.A.
O. T. Baron Eliot, of St. Germans
Bn, 1st April . . . . . . .
Suc. his brother, as 2d Earl, 17th
Nov. . . . . . . . . .
Mar, First, Georgiana-Augusta,
(deceased), dr. of Granville, 1st
Marquess of Stafford, in . .
Secondly, Letitia (deceased), eld.
dr. of Sir W.-P.-A.-A’Court,
Bart, in . . . . . . .
Thirdly, Charlotte (deceased), dr.
of Lieut. Gen. J. Robertson.
Fourthly, Susan, yr. dr. of Sir
John Mordaunt, Bart., in .
H. Ap. Edward Granville, Lord
Eliot, M.P. for Liskeard, born
20th August . . . . 1798
To. Res, 7, New Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Port Eliot, St. Germans, Corn-
wall; and Downham, Gloucestershire.
Rel, Father to Lord Eliot, and uncle
to the lady of Major Gen. Sir William-
Henry Pringle, K.C.B., both Members
for Liskeard: (Lord Eliot is bro.-in-
law to the Marquess Cornwallis:) fa-
in-law to Col. the Hon. Henry-B.
Lygon (brother to Earl Beauchamp),
M.P. for Worcestershire: bro.-in-law
to the present Marquess of Stafford;
to Baron Heytesbury, Ambassador at
Petersburg; and to Edward-Henry-
1784
1766
1823
1797
1809
1812
1814
A’Court, M.P. for Heytesbury.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Liskeard;
and two Members for St. Germans.
330. ST. HELENS, (1st) Baron,
of St. H., Isle of Wight, Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. Alleyne Fitzherbert, F.S.A.
O. T. I. P. lat Baron St. Helens 1791
Offi. A Privy Councillor of England and
Ireland.
A Lord of the King’s Bed-chamber.
A Trustee of the British and Hun-
terian Museums.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . . 1753
H. Pres. Henry-Gally Knight, Esq. his
Lordship's nephew.
To. Res. 19, Grafton-street, Bond-street.
Co. Se. Newport House, Bucks.
240. ST. JOHN, Baron,
of Bletsoe . . . . Y. of C. 1558
N. & S. Saint-Andrew-Beauchamp-St.
John.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . 1660
Bn. Nov. 8 . . . . . . 1811
Suc. his father, as 14th Baron,
Oct. 15 . . . . . . . . 1817
H. Pres. His Lordship's cousin, the
Rev. Edward-Beauchamp-St. John,
A.M.
Co. Se. Bletsoe Park, Bedfordshire.
Rel. Step-son to Sir John Vaughan, one
of the Barons of the Exchequer, who
is also his Lordship’s cousin-in-law.
His Lordship is a MINo R.


190. ST. VINCENT, Viscount,
of Meaford, Staffordshire, Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. Edward-Jervis Jervis,
Suc. his uncle (the late Earl, &c.),
as 2d Wiscount, March 15 . . 1823
Mar. First, Mary-Cassandra (de-
ceased), 2ddr. of Thomas, 10th
Baron Saye and Sele, Jan. 29 1790
Second, Mary-Anne, 2d dr. of
T. Parker, Esq. . . . .
H. Ap, William Jervis, born 11th
Oct. . . . . . . . . 1794
To. Res. 30, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Aston Hall, Staffordshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Northesk:
wncle to Lord Rosehill.
210. SALISBURY, Lord Bishop of,
translated from St. David’s . . 1825
N.&S. Rt. Rev. Thomas Burgess, D.D.,
F.R.S., and F.A.S.
SALI
SALT
( 221 )
O. Offi. Chancellor of the Order of the
Garter.
Prebendary of Durham.
President of the Royal Society of
Literature.
Provincial Precentor of Canterbury.
Cons. Bishop of St. Davids in 1803
Co. Se. Salisbury Palace, Wiltshire;
and Salisbury Tower, Windsor Castle.
N.B. The Bishop of Salisbury's Diocess
is in the Province of Canterbury, and
comprehends the Counties of Wilts
and Berks.
34. SALISBURY, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1789
N. & S. James-Brownlow-William-
Gascoyne Cecil, D.C.L., F.R.S., and
F.S.A.
O. T. Earl of Salisbury, Wiltshire 1605
Viscount Cranbourne, of C.,
Dorsetshire . . . . . . 1604
Baron Cecil, of Essingdon, Rut-
landshire . . . . . . .
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
High Steward of Hertford.
Col, of the Hertfordshire Militia.
A Commissioner for the Affairs of
India.
Bn. April 17 . . . .
Suc. his father, as 2d Marquess
June 13 - - - - -
Mar. Frances-Mary, dr. and heiress
of B. Gascoyne, Esq., Feb. 2 .
H. Ap. James-Emilius-William
Evelyn, Wiscount Cranbourne,
born Oct. 29 . . . . . 1821
To. Res. 4, Grafton-street, Bond-street.
Co, Se. Hatfield House, and Cecil Lodge,
Hertfordshire; Aldborough, Suffolk;
and Childwell Hall, Lancashire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother-in-law to
Baron Cowley; and to the Marquess
of Westmeath: cousin to the Marquess
of Downshire; and to Lord Arthur-
Moyses-William Hill, M.P. for Down-
shire. The Marchioness is niece to
General Isaac Gascoyne, Col. of the
54th Regt. of Foot, and M.P. for
Liverpool.
Parl, Pat. One Member for Hertford.
1603
. 1791
2
1823
1821
306. SALTERSFORD, Baron,
of S., Cheshire . . . Y. of C. 1794
N. & S. James-George Stopford, K.P.
O. T.I.P. EARL of Court TOWN
Viscount Stopford . . . . . 1762
Baron Courtown, of C., Wex-
fordshire . . . . . . 1758
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Governor of Weafordshire.
Bn. Aug. 15 . . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, Mar. 30 1810
Mar. Elizabeth, eld.dr. of Henry,
3d Duke of Buccleugh, Jan. 29 1791
H. Ap. James-Thomas, Viscount
Stopford, born March 27 . 1794
Co. Se. Courtown House, Wexfordshire.
Rel. Brother to Lieut. Gen. the Hon.
Sir Edward Stopford, K.C.B. and
K.T. S.; to the Hon. Robert Stopford,
K.C.B., Admiral of the Blue ; and to
the Hon. and Rev. Richard-Bruce
Stopford, A.M., Chaplain in Ordinary
to the King, a Canon of Windsor, and
Prebendary of Hereford (mar. to the
sister of Baron Lilford). The Countess
is aunt, and Viscount Stopford cousin
and bro.-in-law, to the Duke of Buc-
cleugh and Queensberry; and to the
lady of the Hon. Peregrine-Francis
Cust (son of Earl Brownlow), M.P.
for Clitheroe.

253, SALTOUN & ABERNETHY,
Baron . . . . . . Y. of C. 1445
-A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected 2d Sept. . . . . . 1830
N. & S. Alexander-George Fraser, C.B.,
K.S.G. and KIM.T.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
A Major in the Grenadier Guards, and
Aide-de-camp to the King.

Bn. 22d April . . . . . . 1785
Suc. his father, as 16th Baron,
13th Sept. . . 1793
Mar. Catherine, dr. of Edward,
1st Lord Thurlow (deceased) . 1815
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. William Fraser.
To. Res. 1, Great Cumberland-street,
Hyde Park.
Co. Se, Philorth House, Aberdeenshire;
and Ness Cottage, Inverness.
62. SANDWICH, Earl of,
Kent . . . . . . . Y. of C. 1660
N. & S. John-William Montagu.
O. T. Viscount Hinchinbrook .
Baron Montagu, of St. Neots, X-1660
Hants . . . . . . .
Bn. 8th Nov. . . . - . 1811
Suc. his father, as 7th Earl, 20th
May . . . . . . . . . 1818
To. Res. 31, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Hinchinbrook House, near Hun-
tingdon.
Rel, Nephew to the Earl of Belmore,
SAND
SCAR
( 222 )

Gov. Gen. of Jamaica: bro.-in-law to
William-Bingham Baring, Esq., M.P.
for Callington: cousin to Wiscount
Corry, M.P. for Fermanaghshire; and
to the Henry-Thomas-Lowry Corry,
M.P. for Tyroneshire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Hunting-
don,
His Lordship is a MINort.
402. SANDYS, (1st) Baroness,
of Ombersley, Worcestershire,
Y. of C. 1802
N. & S. Mary Hill.
O. T. DowAGER MARCHIoness of
Downshiite, &c.
Mar. Arthur, 2d Marquess of
Downshire, in . . . . . . 1786
H. Ap. Her Ladyship's 2d son, Lord
Arthur-Moyses-William Hill, M.P.
for Downshire.
Co. Se. Ombersley Court, Worcestershire.
Rel. Widow of the late Marquess of
Downshire: mother to the present
Marquess.
Only Daughter of the Hon. Martin
Sandys.
Niece and Heiress to Edwin, last Baron
Sandys.
243. SAYE and SELE, Baron,
Y. of C. 1603
N. & S. Gregory-William Eardley-
Twisleton Fiennes.
Bn. 14th April . . . . . . 1769
Suc. his father, as 11th Baron, 1st
July . . . . . . . . .
Mar. Maria-Marrow, eld. dr. of
the late Baron Eardley,8th Sept. 1794
H. Ap. William-Thomas, born
24th April . . . . . . . 1798
To. Res. 25, Bruton-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Broughton Castle, Oxfordshire;
and Belvidere, near Dartford, Kent.
1788
71. SCARBOROUGH, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1690
N. & S. Richard-Lumley Saunderson.
O. T. Viscount Lumley . 1689
Baron Lumley, of L. Castle,
Durham . . . . . . . 1681
I. P. Viscount Lumley, of
Waterford - - - . 1628
Bn. 18th April . . . . . 1757
Suc. his brother, as 6th Earl, 5th
Sept. . . . . . . . . 1807
Mar, Harriet, dr. of Henry, 5th
Baron Middleton, 25th May . 1787.
-
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. and Rev. John-Lumley-Saun-
derson Saville, Prebendary of York.
To. Res. 14, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Lumley Castle, Durham; and
Sandbeck Park, Yorkshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to Baron
Middleton: brother to Lieut. Gen. the
Hon. Sir William–Lumley Saunderson,
G.C.B. (married to the widow of the
late Col. Lynch Cotton, brother to
Lord Combermere.)
268. SCARSDALE, Baron,
of S., Derbyshire . Y. of C. 1761
N. & S. Nathaniel Curzon.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . 1641
Bn. 27th Sept. . . . . . . 1751
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 5th

Dec. . . . . . . . . 1804
Mar. First, Sophia-Susanna (de-
ceased), dr. of Edward, 1st Vis-
count Wentworth, 18th Aug. 1777
Secondly, Felicite-Anne de Wattines,
of Flanders.
H. Ap. Nathaniel, born 3d Jan. 1778
Co. Se. Reddleston Hall, Derbyshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Henry Curzon, Vice-Admiral of the
Red: 2d cousin to Earl Howe: cousin
to the Hon. Robert Curzon, M.P. for
Clitheroe (married to the Baroness
Zouche); and to the lady of Dugdale
Stratford Dugdale, Esq., M.P. for
Warwickshire.
381. SEAFORD,
of S., Sussex
N. & S. Charles-Rose Ellis.
Bn. 19th Dec. . . . . . . 1771
Mar. Elizabeth-Catherine-Caro-
line, dr. of Augustus, Lord
Hervey (eld, son of Frederick,
Earl of Bristol and Bishop of
Derry) (deceased), 1st Aug. . 1798
H. Ap. Charles-Augustus, Baron
Howard de Walden (in right of
his mother), born 5th June . . 1799
To. Res. 2, Audley-square, South Aud-
ley-street.
Co. Se. Seaford, Sussex.
Rel. Father to Lord Howard de Walden;
and to the Hon. Major Augustus-
Frederick Ellis, M.P. for Seaford;
who are both related to the families of
the Duke of Portland and the Mar-
quess of Bristol.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Seaford.
(1st) Baron,
. Y. of C. 1826

SELS
SHEF
( 223 )
301. SELSEY, Baron,
of S., Sussex . . . Y. of C. 1794
N. & S. Henry-John Peachey, F.R.S.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . 1736
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Bn. 4th Sept. . . . . . . . 1787
Suc. his father as 3d Baron, 27th
June . . . . . . . . . 1816
Mar. Anne-Maria-Louisa, dr. of
Frederick, 2d Baron Boston, in 1817
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. & Rev. John-William Peachey,
A.M.
To. Res. 33, Lower Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se.. Westdean House, near Chi-
chester, Sussex; and Newselles Park,
Herts.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Lord Boston; and
to the Rev. Leveson-Venables Vernon,
son of His Grace, Edward, Lord Arch-
bishop of York.
67. SHAFTESBURY, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1672
N. & S. Cropley-Ashley Cooper.
O. T. Baron Ashley, of Win-
borne, St. Giles, Dorsetshire. 1661
Baron Cooper of Paulett,
Somersetshire . 1672
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1622
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Chairman of the Committees in the
House of Lords.
Bn. 27th Dec. . . . . . . 1768
Suc. his brother, as 6th Earl, 14th
May . . . . . . . . 1811
Mar. Anne, dr. of George, 4th
Duke of Marlborough, 10th Dec. 1796
H. Ap. Anthony, Lord Ashley,
born 28th April . . . . . 1801
To. Res. 24, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. St. Giles's House, Cranbourne,
Dorsetshire; and Rosedale House, near
Richmond, Surrey.
Rel. His Lordship is father to Lord
Ashley, a Commissioner of the India
Board, and M.P. for Dorchester:
bro.-in-law to the Duke of Marlbo-
rough, and to Baron Churchill: fa.-
in-law to the Hon. H.-T.-L. Corry,
M.P. for Tyroneshire (son of the Earl
of Belmone): 2d cousin to the Earl of
Radnor; and to the Hon. Duncombe-
Pleydell Bouverie, M.P. for New Sa-
rum. The Countess is aunt to the
Marquess of Blandford, M. P. for
Woodstock; and to the Hon. George-
James-Welbore-Agar Ellis, M.P. for
Oakhampton (who is son to Viscount
Clifden; and son-in-law to the Earl of
Carlisle).
Parl. Pat. One Member for Dorchester.
335. SHEFFIELD, Baron, U. K.
of S., Yorkshire Y. of C. 1802
N. ; S. George-Augustus-Frederick-
Charles-Baker Holroyd.
O. T. I. P. EARL OF SHEF-
FIELD . . . . . . .
Viscount Pevensey . . . . : 1816
Baron Sheffield, of Dunamore
and Roscommon . 1781 and 1783
Bn, 16th March . . . . . . 1802
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl and
Baron, 30th May . . . . . 1821
Mar. Harriett, eldest dr. of Henry,
2d Earl of Harewood, 6th June 1825
To. Res. 20, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Sheffield Place, Uckfield, Sus-
sex; and Greave Hall, Yorkshire.
Rel. Son-in-law to the Earl of Harewood:
bro.-in-law to Viscount Lascelles; to
the Hon. Henry Lascelles, M.P. for
Northallerton; to the Lady of Ed-
mund-Berkeley Portman, Esq. M.P.
for Dorsetshire; to the Hon. Arthur-
Charles Legge (brother to the Earl of
Dartmouth), a Captain in the 1st Life
Guards; to Sir John-Thomas Stanley,
Bart.; and to Sir William-Henry
Clinton, G.C.B.: 2d cousin to the
Earl of Guildford: to the Hon. and
Rev. Charles-Augustus North; and to
the Ladies of the Rev. W. Garnier,
A.M., and the Hon. and Rev. Thomas
de Grey (2d son of Baron Walsing-
ham), all Prebendaries of Winchester.


285. SHERBORNE, Baron,
of S., Gloucestershire Y. of C. 1784
N. & S. John Dutton.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . . 1779
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 22d
May . . . . . . . . 1820
Mar. Mary, daughter and heir-
ess of Henry, Baron Stawel,
11th August . - - - -
H. Ap. James-Henry Legge,
born in May . . . 1804
(Married to his cousin, Elizabeth, dr. of
Thomas, Earl of Suffolk and Berks.)
To. Res. 53, Lower Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Sherborne Lodge, near North-
leach, and Standish House, near
Stroudwater, Gloucestershire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Suffolk
and Berkshire; and to the Russian
1803

SHRE
SKEL
( 224 )
Prince Bariatinsky: fi-in-law to the
Hon. George-Francis Moreton, eldest
son of Baron Ducie.
50. SHREWSBURY, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1442
Premier Earl of England.
N. & S. John Talbot, F.S.A.
O. T. Baron Talbot.
I. P. Earl of Waterford and
Wexford. . . . . . .
Bn, 18th March . - - - -
Suc. his uncle, as 17th Earl, 5th
April . . . . . . . .
Mar. Maria, eldest dr. of W. Tal-
bot, Esq. of Castle Talbot, Wex-
fordshire, 27th June . . 1814
Co. Se. Heythrop House, Oxfordshire;
Grafton Hall, Worcestershire; and
Alton Abbey, Staffordshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
1446
1791
1827
192. SIDMOUTH, (1st) Viscount,
of S., Devonshire . . Y. of C. 1805
N & S. Henry Addington, D.C.L. and
F.S.A.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Deputy Ranger of Richmond Park.
A Governor of the Charter House.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity House.
Recorder of Devizes.
High Steward of Westminster and
Reading.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . . 1757
Mar. First, Ursula-Mary, dr. of
L. Hammond, Esq. of Chearn,
Surrey (deceased) . . . .
Secondly, Marianne, dr. of
Baron Stowell, and widow of
T. Townshend, Esq. of Hon-
ington, in . . . . . . 1823
H. Ap. William Leonard (in holy
orders).
Co. Se. Richmond Park, Surrey; and
Upper Ottery, Devonshire.
Rel. Son-in-law to Baron Stowell. The
Viscountess is niece to the Earl of
Eldon: 2d cousin to Wiscount En-
combe, M.P. for Truro.
Parl. Pat. His Lordship possesses one-
third of the patronage of the borough
of Devizes.
255. SINCLAIR, Baron, Y.C. 1489
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected Sept. 2d . . . .
N. & S. Charles St. Clair.
Bn. in . . . . 1768
Suc. his kinsman, as 9th Baron,
25th April . . . . . . . 1782
Mar. First, Mary-Agnes, dr. of
James Chisholme, of Chis-
holme, and Ercles Castle,
Strathglass, N. Britain, 13th
Feb. (deceased). . . . . 1802
Secondly, Isabella, y, dr. of A.
Chatto, Esq. of Mainhouse,
Roxburghshire, Sept. . . . 1816
H. Ap. James, a Captain in the
1st Foot Guards, born 2d July. 1803
Co. Se. Herdmanston, Haddingtonshire;
and Nesbit House, Berwickshire.



392. SKELMERSDALE,(1st) Baron,
of S., Lancashire . . Y. of C. 1828
N. & S. Edward-Bootle Wilbraham.
Bn. March 7 . . . . . . . 1771
Mar. Mary-Elizabeth, dr. of the
Rev. E. Taylor, Kent, April 19 1796
H. Ap. Richard, born Oct. 27 . 1801
To. Res. 55, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Latham House, near Ormskirk,
Lancashire.
Rel. Father-in-law to Edward-Geoffrey
Stanley, Esq. (grandson of the Earl of
Derby), M.P. for Windsor: cousin to
George Wilbraham, Esq., M.P. for
Stockbridge: uncle to Lord Alvanley:
bro, in-law to Wilbraham Egerton,
Esq., M.P. for Cheshire.
374. SOMERHILL, (1st) Baron,
of S., Kent . U.K. Y. of C, 1826
N. & S. Ulick-John De Burgh.
O. T. I. P. lºt MARQUEss of
CLAN RICARDE . . . . 1825
Earl of Clanricarde . . . . .
Baron Dunkellin . . . . ; 1543
Bn. Dec. 20 . . . 1802
Suc. his father, as 14th Earl, July
27 . . . . . . . . . 1803
Mar. Harriet, dr. of Viscountess
Canning, April 8 . . . .
H. Ap, Ulick, Lord Dunkellin,
born in July . . . . -
To. Res. 14, St. James's-square.
Co. Se, Portumna Castle, Galway, Ire-
land.
Rel. Son-in-law to Viscountess Canning;
and to the late Rt. Hon. George Can-
ning, Prime Minister of G. B. : bro.-
in-law to the Marquess of Sligo; and
to the Earl of Howth. The Mar-
chioness is niece to the Duchess of
Portland: cousin to the Marquess of
Titchfield: to the Baroness Howard
de Walden ; and to the children of
1825
1827
SOME (
SOND
225 )
the Earl of Moray: 2d cousin to the
Rt. Hon. Stratford Canning, late Amb.
Ext. and Plenipo. at Constantinople;
to Henry Canning, Esq., Consul-Gen.
at the Hanseatic Towns; and to Baron
Garvagh.
172. SOMERS,(1st).Earl,Y.ofC. 1821
N. & S. John-Somers Cocks.
O. T. 1st Viscount Eastnor, of E.
Castle, Herefordshire . . 1821
Baron Somers, of Evesham,
Worcestershire . . . . 1784
A Baronet . . . . . . 1772
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Hot. of
Herefordshire.
Chief Steward of Hereford.
Recorder of Gloucester.
Bn. May 6 . . . . . . . 1760
Snc. his father, as 2d Baron, Jan. 30 1806
Mar. Margaret, dr. of the Rev.
T.-R. Nash, D.D., in . . 1785
H. Ap. John-Somers, Viscount
Eastnor, M. P. for Hereford,
born March 19 . . . . . 1788
Co. Se. Eastnor Castle, Herefordshire;
and Reigate, Surrey.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Hon.
and Rev. J.-S. Cocks, Prebendary of
Hereford: cousin to the Earl of St.
Germans; and to James Cocks, Esq.,
M.P. for Reigate. Viscount Eastnor
is son-in-law to the Earl of Hardwicke:
bro.-in-law to Wiscountess Pollington;
to the Countess Caledon; and to the
Baroness Stuart de Rothesay.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Reigate.
10. SOMERSET, Duke of,Y.of C. 1546
N. & S. Edward-Adolphus Seymour,
D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.S.A.
O. T. Baron Seymour, of Hache,
Somersetshire . . . . 1546
A Baronet . . . . . . 1611
Offi. President of the Royal Institution.
Bn. Feb. 24 . . . . . . 1775
Suc. his father, as 12th Duke,
Dec. 15 . . . . . . . . 1793
Mar. Charlotte, 2d dr. of Archi-
bald, 9th Duke of Hamilton and
Brandon, June 24 . . 1800
H. Ap. Edward-Adolphus, Lord
Seymour, born Dec. 20. . 1804
To. Res. Park-lane.
Co. Se. Bulstrode Park, Bucks; Bradley
House, Wilts; Berry Castle, Devon-
shire; and Farley Park, Somerset.
Rel. His Grace is bro.-in-law to the
Duke of Hamilton and Brandon; to
Lady Anne Hamilton, who so affec-
tionately attended the late Queen Caro-
line; and to the Countess of Dunmore.
266. SONDES, Baron,
of Lees Court, Kent . . Y. of C. 1760
N. & S. Lewis-Richard Watson.
Bn. in May . . . . . . . 1792
Suc. hisfather, as 3d Baron, June 20 1806
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. George-John Milles (assumed
instead of Watson).
Co. Se. Lees Court, Kent; and Rocking-
ham Castle, Northamptonshire.
Rel. Bro. to the Hon. Richard Watson,
M.P. for Canterbury.

280. SOUTHAMPTON, Baron,
of S., Hants . . . Y. of C. 1780
N. & S. Charles Fitzroy.
Bn. 28th Sept. . . . . . . 1804
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, 14th
June . . . . . . . . . 1810
Mar. Harriet, dr. of the Hon.
Henry-Fitzroy Stanhope, Feb. 23 1826
H. Pres. His Lordship’s brother, the
Hon. Henry Fitzroy.
To, Res. 44, Curzon-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Fitzroy Place, Middlesex; Whit-
tlebury Lodge, near Towcester.
Rel. His Lordship is 2d cousin to the
Duke of Somerset; to the Duke of
Grafton; to Lord Henry Fitzroy,
Prebendary of Westminster; and to
the Baroness Churchill; 3d cousin to
the Earl of Euston, M.P. for Bury St.
Edmunds; and to Lord Charles Fitz-
roy. Jun., M.P. for Thetford. The
Baroness is cousin to the Earl of Har-
rington; to Lieut. Col. the Hon. L.-
E.-R. Stanhope, a groom of the King's
bed-chamber; to the Marchioness of
Tavistock; to the Duchess of Leinster;
to the Earl of Sefton, M.P. for Droit-
wich; to Baron Foley; and to the
Duke of Newcastle.

108. SPENCER, Earl, Y. of C. 1765
N. & S. George-John Spencer, K.G.,
F.R.S., and F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount Althorp, and
Spencer . . . 1765 and 1761
Baron Spencer, of Althorp,
Northamptonshire . . . 1761
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Governor of the Charter House.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity
House.
High Steward of St. Albans.
G. G.

STAF
STAF
( 226 )
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Bn. 1st Sept. . . . . . . 1758
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, Oct. 31 1783
Mar. Lavinia, dr. of Charles, 1st
Earl of Lucan, 6th March . . 1781
H. Ap. John-Charles, Viscount
Althorp, born 29th May . . 1782
To. Res. 27, St. James's-place.
Co. Se. Althorp Park, Northampton-
shire; Brandon, Norfolk; Wimbledon
Park, Surrey; and Westfield House,
Ryde, in the Isle of Wight.
Rel. Father to Viscount Althorp (Chan-
cellor of the Evchequer, and M.P. for
Northamptonshire); father-in-law to
Baron Lyttleton: uncle to the Duke
of Devonshire; to Viscount Dun-
cannon, M.P. for Kilkennyshire; to
Major Gen. the Hon. Frederick-Caven-
dish Ponsonby; and to the Hon.
William-Francis-Spencer Ponsonby,
M.P. for Poole: uncle-in-law to Vis-
count Melbourne: bro-in-law to the
Earl of Lucan; and to the Earl of
Besborough. The Countess is aunt
to Lord Bingham; to the lady of
George-Granville-Venables Vernon,
Esq., M.P. for Lichfield (eld, son of
the Archbishop of York); and to
Lady Elcho.
32. STAFFORD, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1786
N. & S. George - Granville-Leveson
Gower, K.G.
O. T. Earl Gower . . . . . 1746
Wiscount Trentham, of T., Staf-
fordshire . . . . . . . 1746
Baron Gower, of Sittenham,
Yorkshire . 1702
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1620
Offi. Lord Lieut, and High Sheriff of
Sutherlandshire.
A Privy Councillor.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Recorder of Stafford.
Bn. 9th Jan. . . . . . . . 1758
Suc. his father, as 2d Marquess,
26th Oct. . . . . . . .
Mar. Elizabeth, Countess of Su-
therland, and Baroness Strath-
naver in her own right, Sept. 4
H. Ap. George Granville, Earl
Gower (summoned to sit in the
House of Lords, as Baron Gower,
in 1826; and son-in-law to the
Earl of Carlisle), born 8th Aug. 1786
To. Res. Stafford House, Stable-yard,
St. James's Palace.
1803
1785
Co. Se. Trentham Hall, Staffordshire;
Dunrobin Castle, co. Sutherland; and
Westhill, Surrey.
Rel. Father to Baron Gower; and to Lord
Francis-Leveson Gower, M.P. for Su-
therlandshire (who is son-in-law to the
Countess of Mansfield, and to the late
Hon. Robert-Fulke Greville, uncle to
the Earl Brooke and Warwick); fl.-
in-law to the Earl of Surrey, M.P. for
Horsham) eld. son and heir to the Duke
of Norfolk); and to Viscount Belgrave
(eld. son and heir of Earl Grosvenor):
brother to Viscount Granville: bro.-
in-law to the Hon. and Most Rev.
Edward Venables-Vernon, Lord Arch-
bishop of York; to the Earl of St.
Germans; to the Duke of Beaufort;
and to the Earl of Harrowby: uncle
to Sir James Macdonald, Bart., M.P.
for Calne, and a Clerk of the Privy
Seal; to the Earl of Carlisle; to Lord
Eliott, M.P. for Liskeard; to the lady
of the Hon. H.-B. Lygon, M.P. for
Worcestershire (brother to Earl Beau-
champ); to the Marquess of Wor-
cester, M.P. for Monmouth; to Lord
Granville - Charles-Henry Somerset,
M.P. for Monmouthshire; to the lady
of the Hon. Frederick-Gough Cal-
thorpe, M.P. for Bramber (who is bro-
ther to Baron Calthorpe); to the Hon.
Granville-Dudley Ryder (2d son to the
Earl of Harrowby), M.P. for Tiverton;
to his brother, Wiscount Sandon, M.P.
for Tiverton; and to the lady of the
Hon. James Stuart-Wortley (son and
heir of Lord Wharncliffe).



248. STAFFORD, Baron, Y.C. 1640
N. & S. George-William-Stafford Jer-
nyngham.
O. T. A Baronet . .
Bn, 27th April .
Suc. his ancestor, William, as
14th Baron, on the reversal of
the attainder on his family in 1824-5
Mar. Frances, y, dr. of E. Sul-
yarde, Esq., of Haughley Park,
Suffolk, in . . . . . . . 1799
H. Ap. Henry-Valentine (married
to Miss Howard, niece to the
Duke of Norfolk), born 2d Jan. 1802
Co. Se. Cossey Hall, Norfolk; and
Skiffmall Manor, Shropshire.
Jºel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to Sir
Richard Bedingfield, Bart., who is
father-in-law to Lord Petre.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
. 1621
. 1771

STAM
STEW
( 227 )
58. STAMFORD & WARRING-
TON, Earl of, Y, of C. 1628 and 1796
N. & S. George-Harry Grey.
O. T. Baron Grey, of Groby . . 1603
Baron Delamere, of Dunham
Massy, Cheshire . . . 1796
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of
Cheshire.
Chamberlain to the Co. Palatine of
Chester.
Bn. 31st Oct. . . . . . . . 1765
Suc. his father, as 6th Earl of S.
and 2d Earl of W., 23d May . 1819
Mar. Henrietta-Charlotte-Eliza-
beth, eld. dr. of Francis, Lord
Elcho (eld. son of Francis, 5th
Earl of Wemyss), in Dec. . . 1797
H. Ap. George-Harry, Lord Grey of
Groby (married to his cousin, Catherine,
4th dr. of the present Earl of Wemyss),
born 5th April . . . . . . 1802
To. Res. 33, Hill-street, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Dunham Park, Cheshire; and
Enville Hall, Staffordshire.
Rel, Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Wemyss;
and to the Baroness Rossmore: fa.-in-
law to the Rev. James-Thomas Law
(son of the Bishop of Bath and Wells,
and cousin to Baron Ellenborough):
cousin to the Duke of Portland; and
to Lord W.-H...-C. Bentinck, G.C.B.,
and M.P. for King's Lynn; 2d cousin
to the Marquess of Titchfield; to the
Baroness Howard de Walden; and to
the lady of John-Evelyn Denison, Esq.
(nephew to the Marchioness of Conyng-
ham). The Countess is aunt to Lord
Elcho (son-in-law to the Earl of
Lucan); to the lady of Walter-Fred.
Campbell, Esq., M.P. for Argyllshire
(nephew to the Duke of Argyll); and
to the lady of her son, Lord Grey of
Groby.
88. STANHOPE, Earl, Y. of C. 1718
N. & S. Philip-Henry Stanhope, F.R.S.
and F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount Mahon, Minorca
Baron Stanhope, of *}”
Derbyshire . . . . .
Offi. Keeper of the Records in Birming-
ham Tower, Dublin Castle.
President of the Medico-Botanical So-
ciety of London.
Bn. 7th Dec. . . . . . . . 1781
Suc. his father, as 4th Earl, 15th
Dec. . . . . . . . . . 1816.
Mar. Catherine-Lucy, dr. of Ro-
bert, 1st Baron Carrington, 19th
Nov. . . . . . . . . . 1803
H. Ap. Philip-Henry, Viscount
Mahon, M.P. for Wootton Bas-
sett, born 31st Jan. . . 1805
To. Res. 12, Albemarle-street.
Co. Se. Chevening Place, near Seven
Oaks, Kent; and Mahon House, De-
vonshire.
Rel. Father to the member for Wootton
Bassett: half-bro. to Lady Hester-
Lucy Stanhope, who has long resided
among the Arabs of Syria: son-in-law
to Baron Carrington: bro.-in-law to
the Hon. Robert-John Smith, M.P.
for Buckinghamshire; to the lady of
the Rt. Hon. H.-W.-W. Wynne,
Envoy Extraordinary to the Court of
Denmark; and to the lady of Lord
Granville-Charles-Henry Somerset
(2d son to the Duke of Beaufort), one
of the Lords of the Treasury, and M.P.
for Monmouthshire: 2d cousin to the
Duke of Buckingham; to Baron Nu-
gent, M.P. for Aylesbury; and to the
Baroness Arundell, of Wardour: 3d
cousin to the Earl of Haddington; and
to the Marquess of Chandos, M. P. for
Buckinghamshire: grand-nephew to
Baron Granville. The Countess is
aunt to Baron Gardiner:—for farther
particulars see the relationship of her
father, Baron Carrington.

305. STEWART, Baron,
of Garlies, Wigtounshire, Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. George Stewart, K.T.
O. T. A. Baronet . . . . . 1627
S. P. EARL of GALLowAY. 1623
Baron Garlies . . . . . . 1607
Offi. A Vice-Admiral of the Red.
Lord Lieut. of the Stewartry of Kirk-
cudbright, and of Wigtounshire.
Bn. 24th March . . . . . . 1768
Suc. his father, as 8th Baron and

Earl, 14th Nov. . . . . . 1806
Mar. Jane, 2d dr. of Henry, 1st
Earl of Uxbridge . . . . 1797
H. Ap. Randolph, Lord Garlies,
M.P. for Cockermouth, born
16th Sept. . . . . . . 1800
Co. Se. Galloway House, Powtoun,


Wigtounshire; and Garlies, Kirkcud-
bright.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Member
for Cockermouth: brother to the Hon.
and Right Rev. Charles-James Stewart,
STOU
STOW
( 228 )
Bishop of Quebec; to the Hon. E.-R.
Stewart (married to Catherine, sister of
the Earl of Wemyss, of the Countess
of Stamford and Warrington, and of
the Baroness Rossmore); to the
Duchess of Marlborough; and to
Harriet, widow of Lord Spencer Chi-
chester: father-in-law to the Marquess
of Blandford, M.P. for Woodstock
(eld. son of the Duke of Marlborough);
and to the Hon. W. Duncombe, M.P.
for Yorkshire (eld. son of Baron Fe-
versham): uncle to Sir James-R.-G.
Graham, Bart., M.P. for Cumberland;
to the Marquess of Blandford (who
married his cousin); to Lord Charles
Churchill (son-in-law to John Benett,
Esq., M.P. for Wiltshire); to Arthur
Chichester, Esq., M.P. for Wexford-
shire (nephew also to the Marquess of
Donegal; and son-in-law to the Mar-
quess of Anglesey); and to Baron
Crofton. The Countess is sister to
the Marquess of Anglesey; to the Rt.
Hon. Sir Arthur Paget, G.C.B. (a
Privy Councillor, and son-in-law to
the Earl of Westmoreland); to Gen.
the Hon. Sir Edward Paget, G.C.B.
(bro.-in-law to the Earlof Dartmouth);
to the Hon. Sir Charles Paget, K.C.B.
Rear-Adm. of the White; to the lady
of the Rt. Hon. Gen. Sir George
Murray, G.C.B., and M.P. for Perth-
shire; and to the Dowager Baroness
Graves: aunt to the Earl of Uxbridge,
M.P. for Angleseyshire; to the Duchess
of Richmond; to the lady of the Earl
of Mountcharles, M.P. for Donegal-
shire; to Arthur-Algernon-Capel Co-
ningsby, Esq. (nephew and heir to the
Earl of Essex, and bro.-in-law to the
Duke of St. Albans); to Lord Mount-
florence, and the other children of the
Earl of Enniskillen; and to Baron
Graves.
237. STOURTON, Baron,
of S., Wilts . . Y. of C.
N. & S. William Stourton.
1448
Bn. June 6th . . . . . . . 1776
Suc. his father, as 17th Baron,
April 29th . 1816
Mar. Catherine, dr. of T. Weld,
Esq. of Lullworth Castle, Dor-
setshire, in October . . . .
H. Ap. Charles (married to Mary-
Lucy, dr. of Charles, 7th Lord
1800
Clifford of Chudleigh), born
July 13th . . . . . . . 1802
To. Res. 10, Mansfield-street, Portland-
place.
Co. Se. Allerton Park, Wetherby, York-
shire.
Rel. His Lordship is father to the Hon.
Sir Edward-Marmaduke Vavasour,
Bart.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.

367. STOWELL, (1st) Baron,
of S. Park, Gloucestershire, Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. William Scott, D.C.L., F.R.S.
and F.A.S.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Master of the Faculties, Doctors’
Commons.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Late Judge of the Admiralty and Con-
sistory Court, and Vicar-general of
the Province of Canterbury.
Bn. Oct. 28th . . . . . . 1745
Mar. First, Anna-Maria(deceased),
eld. dr. of J. Bagnall, Esq. of
Early Court, in . . . 1782
Secondly, Louisa-Catherine,
Dow. Marchioness of Sligo,
in . . . . . . . . . 1813
H. Ap. William, born May 23d 1794
To, Res, 11, Grafton-street, Bond-street.
Co. Se. Stowell Park, Northleach, Glou–
cestershire; and Early Court, Reading,
Berks.
Rel. His Lordship is elder brother to the
Earl of Eldon: father to the Wis-
countess Sidmouth: grand-uncle to
Wiscount Encombe, M.P. for Truro.
173. STRADBROKE, Earl of,
in Suffolk . . . . Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. John–Edward-Cornwallis Rous.
O. T. Viscount Dunwich, Suffolk 1821
Baron Rous, of Dennington,
Suffolk . . . . . . . 1796
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1660
Brz. Nov. 13th 1794
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, Aug.
17th . . . . . . . . 1827
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Capt. Henry-John Rous, R.N.
To. Res. 33. Hertford-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Henham Hall, Wangford, near
Blythborough, Suffolk.
Rel. Brother-in-law to Admiral Sir
Henry Hotham, K.C.B. (brother to
Baron Hotham, M.P. for Leominster).
STRA ( 229 ) STRA
117. STRANGE, Earl, Y. of C. 1786 H. Pres. James, Baron Glenlyon, a
N. & S. John Murray, K.T. and F.R.S. Lord of the King's Bedchamber, and
O. T. E. P. Baron Strange . . 1628 a Major-General.
Baron Murray, of Stanley, co sº. Atholl House and Dunkeld
Gloucestershire . . . . . 1786 Palace, Perthshire, N. B. ; Mona
S. P. DUKE of ATHol. L - 1703 Castle, Isle of Man.

Marquess of Atholl and Tulli- Rel. His Grace is brother to Baron
bardine . . . . 1676 and 1703 Glenlyon: bro.-in-law to Wiscount
Earl of Atholl and Tullibardine Strathallan.
1457 and 1606
Viscount Glenalmond, Balquhi-
dir, and Glenlyon . 180. STRATHALLAN, Viscount,
Baron Murray of Tullibardine 1604 Y. of C. 1686
Lord Balvenie and Gask . . A Representative Peer of Scotland;
Lord of the Isle of Man * . . elected Sept. 2d . . . . . 1830
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Hereditary Sheriff N. & S. James-Andrew-John-Laurence-
of Perthshire. Charles Drummond.
Bn. June 26th . . . . . . 1778 O. T. S. P. Baron Drummond of
Suc. his father, as 5th Duke, Nov. 5 1830 Cromlix . . . . . . . 1686
* The Is LE of MAN is a distinct territory from England, Scotland, and Ireland;
not being governed by the laws of either of these kingdoms: nor does any Act of
the British Parliament extend to it, unless so expressly stated in the Act itself. It
was formerly a subordinate feudatory kingdom, subject to the Kings of Norway:
then to King John and Henry the Third of England: afterwards to the Kings of
Scotland, and then again to the Crown of England: at length, we find Henry the
Fourth claiming it by right of conquest, and disposing of it to the Earl of Northum-
berland; upon whose attainder it was granted to Sir John de Stanley, ancestor of the
Earls of Derby, in 1406. After several other vicissitudes, on the death of James,
tenth Earl of Derby, in 1735, the Duke of Atholl succeeded to the Lordship of the
Island, as heir-general by a female branch of the Derby family. In the mean time,
though the title of King had long been disused, the Earls of Derby maintained a
sort of regal sway over Man, by assenting or dissenting from laws; and no English
writ or process was of any authority in the Island. Such an independent jurisdiction
being, in the course of time, found to be inconvenient for the purposes of public
justice, by affording a ready asylum for debtors, outlaws, traitors, and particularly
for smugglers, the interest of the then proprietors, viz. the Duke and Duchess
of Athollt, was purchased by the British government in 1765 for 70,000l. Thus
the Island and its dependencies became vested in the Crown, and subject to the
regulations of the British Excise and Customs as far as regards the exportation of
spirits and other articles to England, Scotland, and Ireland, which are either con-
traband, or have not paid a duty to the King. These, however, do not interfere with
the consumption on the Island itself; such being regulated by the internal laws,
and for the support of the government of Man. In all other respects, likewise, this
Island retains its peculiar laws and government:t, and is still a convenient refuge for
debtors and for outlaws, except those who have been guilty of murder and other
enormous crimes. The Duke of Atholl still holds his landed property in the Island,
with all manorial rights, and the patronage of the Bishop of Sodor and Man and
other ecclesiastical benefices; on payment of the annual sum of 101l. 15s. 11d., and
rendering two falcons to the Kings and Queens of England upon the days of their
coronation.


+ The Duchess was heiress to her father's barony of Strange and Lordship of
Man, being the only child of James, 2d Duke of Atholl. The Scottish honours
descended to the Duke’s nephew John, who by marrying his cousin reunited the
family possessions and dignities as before.
+ Timewald was the name borne by the ancient Parliament or annual convention
of the inhabitants of Man. The magistrates are to this day styled Deemsters.
STUA
SUFF
( 230 )
Baron Maderty . . . . . 1609
Bn. March 24th . . . . . . 1767
Suc. his kinsman, as 6th Viscount,
the attainder on his family being
annulled by Act of Parliament
(after a lapse of 78 years), June
17th . . . . . . . . . 1824
Mar. Amelia-Sophia, dr. of John,
4th Duke of Atholl, Jan. 15th 1809
H. Ap. William-Henry, born Mar.
5th . . . . . . . . . 1810
Co. Se. Strathallan Castle, Perthshire.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to Henry
Drummond, Esq. Banker, of Charing-
cross, &c.: bro.-in-law to the Duke of
Atholl; and to Baron Glenlyon.
304. STUART, Baron,
of Castle Stuart, Inverness-shire, G.B.
Y. of C. 1796
N. & S. Francis Stuart, K.T.
. O. T. S. P. EARL of MoRAY,
1611 and 1561
Baron Doune . . . . . . 1581
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Elgin and Moray
shires.
Bn. 2d Feb. . . . . . . . 1771
Suc his father, as 10th Earl, 28th
Aug. . . . . . . . . . 1810
Mar. First, Lucy, 2d dr. of Gen.
Scott, of Balcombie, Fifeshire
(deceased), 26th Feb. . . 1795
Secondly, Margaret-Jane, eld dr.
of Sir P. Ainslie, of Pilton,
Edinburghshire, 7th Jan. . 1801
H. Ap. Francis, Lord Doune, born
7th Nov. . . . . . . . 1795
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to Baron
Gray, of Gray : 3d cousin to the Earl
of Wemyss; to the Countess of Stam-
ford and Warrington; to the Earl of
Galloway; to the Baroness Rossmore;
and to the Countess of Sutherland.
Co. Se. Dunbrisal Castle, Fifeshire;
Castle Stuart, Inverness-shire; Dar-
naway, Elginshire; and Doune Castle,
Perthshire.
388. STUART DE ROTHESAY,
(1st) Baron, in the Isle of Bute,
Y. of C. 1828
N. & S. Charles Stuart, G.C.B.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Late Ambassador Evtraordinary and
Plenipotentiary at the Court of
France.
Bn. 2d Jan. . . . . . . 1780
Mar. Margaret, 3d dr. of Philip,
3d Earl of Hardwicke, 6th Feb. 1816
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. John Stuart, Capt. R.N.
To. Res. Carlton-terrace.
Rel. Cousin to Baron Wharncliffe (mar-
ried to the sister of the Earl of Erne);
to the lady of the Rt. Hon. William
Dundas (cousin to Viscount Melville),
M.P. for Edinburgh; to the Countess
of Beverley: 2d cousin to the Hon.
John-James-Stuart Wortley (son-in-
law to the Earl of Harrowby, and bro.-
in-law to Viscount Sandon, M.P. for
Tiverton); and to the Earl of Buck-
inghamshire: 3d cousin to the Mar-
quess of Bute; to Lord Patrick-I.-H...-
Crichton Stuart, M.P. for Cardiff;
and to Henry-Williars Stuart, Esq.,
M.P. for Banbury: son-in-law to the
Earl of Hardwicke: bro.-in-law to
Viscountess Pollington; to the Coun-
tess Caledon; and to Viscountess
Eastnor (W. Eastnor is M.P. for
Hereford).

289. SUFFIELD, Baron,
of S., Norfolk . Y. of C.
N. & S. Edward Harboard.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . . 1745
Bn. 10th Nov. . . . . . . 1781
Suc. his brother, as 3d Baron, 1st
Aug. . . . . . . . . . 1821
Mar. First, Georgiana (deceased),
dr. of George, 2d Baron Ver-
non, 19th Sept. . . . .
Secondly, Emily-Harriet, y. dr.
of E. Shirley, Esq., of Ealing-
ton Park, Worcestershire, 12th
1786

1809
Sept. . . . . . . . . 1826
H. Ap. Edward Vernon, born
19th June . 1813
To. Res. Vernon House, Park-place, St.
James's-street.
Co. Se, Gunton Hall, Norfolk;
Middleton Hall, near Manchester.
Rel. Cousin-in-law to Baron Vernon.
and
54, SUFFOLK and BERKSHIRE,
Earl of, Y. of C. 1603 and 1625
N. & S. Thomas Howard, F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount Andover, of A., in
Hampshire.
Baron Howard, of
Wilts . . . . . . .
Offi. Col. of the Berkshire Militia 1621
Bn. 18th Aug. . . . . 1776
Suc. his father, as 16th Earl of S.
and 9th Earl of B., 23d Feb. . 1820
- - - - o
Charlton, 1621
SUND
SUSS-
( 2
31 )
Mar. Elizabeth-Jane, eld. dr. of
James, 1st Baron Sherborne, 14th
Jan. . . - . . . . 1803
H. Ap. Charles-John, Viscount
Andover, born 7th Nov. . . 1804
Co. Se. Charlton, near Devizes, Wilts;
and Suffolk House, Cheltenham,
Gloucestershire.
Rel. Brother-in-law to Baron Sherborne;
and father-in-law to the Hon. James-
Henry-Legge Dutton, eld, son and
heir to the same lord.
274. SUNDRIDGE & HAMILTON,
Baron, in Kent and Leicestershire,
Y. of C. 1766 and 1776
N. & S. George-William Campbell.
O. T. S. P. DUKE of ARGYLL 1701
Marquess of Argyll, and of Lorn
and Kintyre . 1641 and
Earl of Argyll, and of Campbell
and Cawal . 1457 and
Viscount Lochow and Glenilla
Lord of Inverary, Mull, Miorven,
and Tyria . . . . . . 1701
Offi. Hereditary Master of the King's
Household in Scotland.
Lord Lieut., and Hereditary Sheriff
of Argyllshire.
Keeper of Dunstaffnage, Carrick, and
Dunvoir Castles.
Admiral of the Western Isles.
Keeper of the Great Seal, and one of
his Majesty's State Councillors for
Scotland.
Bn. 22d Sept. . . . . . .
Suc. his mother, in the English
Barony, 20th Sept. . . . 1790
— his father, as 6th Duke, 24th
May . . . . . . . . 1806
Mar. Caroline-Elizabeth, dr. of
George, 4th Earl of Jersey, in
Nov. . . . . . . . . . 1810
H. Pres. His Grace's brother, Lord
John-Douglas-Edward-Henry Camp-
bell.
To. Res. 29, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Inverary Castle, Argyllshire;
and Roseneath, Dumbartonshire.
Rel. His Grace is bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Jersey; to Baroness Ponsonby;
to the lady of the Hon. and Most
Rev. Richard Bagot, Lord Bishop of
Oxford; and to General Clavering:
brother to Lady Charlotte Bury,
widow of Col. Campbell, of Shaw-
field, Argyllshire, and wife of the
Rev. Mr. Bury: uncle to the lady of
the Earl of Uxbridge; and to Walter-
1701
1701
1701
1768
Frederick Campbell, Esq., M.P. for
Argyllshire (son-in-law to the Earl
of Wemyss and March): kinsman to
Archibald Campbell, Esq., Lord Lieu-
tenant of Renfrewshire, and M.P. for
Glasgow, Renfrew, Rutherglen, and
Dumbarton. The Duchess (who was
the first wife of the Marquess of An-
glesey) is mother to the Earl of Ux-
bridge (who mar. her present lord’s
niece), M.P. for Angleseyshire; to
the Duchess of Richmond; to the
lady of the Earl of Mount Charles
(eld. son of the Marquess of Conyng-
ham), M.P. for Donegalshire; and
to the lady of Arthur Chichester, Esq.
(nephew to the Marquess of i.
M.P. for Wexfordshire: aunt to Ba-
ron Durham.

1801
3. SUSSEX, His Royal Highness,
the (1st) Duke of . Y. of C. 1801
N. Prince Augustus-Frederick, K.G.,
F.R.S., and F.S.A.
O. T. Earl of Inverness in sco-)
land - - - - -
Baron of Arklow in Ireland y
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
High Steward of Plymouth.
President of the Royal Society.
President of the Society for the En-
couragement of Arts, Manufactures,
and Commerce.
Col. of the Hon. Artillery Company.
Ranger of Hyde and St. James's Parks.
Bn. Jan. 27 . . . . . . . 1773
Mar. Augusta de Ameland, dr. of
John, 4th Earl of Dunmore,
Jan. 27 and April 4 (which mar-
riage was contrary to the provi-
sions of the Royal Marriage Act). 1793
Son, Augustus-Frederick D'Este,
a Colonel in the Army, born
Jan. 13 . . . . . . . . 1794
To. Res. Kensington Palace.
Rel. His Royal Highness is 6th son of
his late Majesty King George III.,
and stands in the same degrees of
consanguinity to his present Majesty
and the Princes and Princesses of the
Royal Family as the Duke of Cum-
berland, &c.


187. SYDNEY, Wiscount,
of St. Leonard's, Gloucestershire,
Y. of C. 1789
N. & S. John-Robert Townshend, F.S.A.
O. T. Baron Sydney, of Chisel-
hurst, Kent . . . . . . . 1783

TALB (
TENT
232 )
Offſ. High Steward of Yarmouth.
Bn. Aug. 9 . . . . . . . 1805
Suc. his father, as 3d Viscount,
Jan. . . . . . . . . . 1831
To. Res. 3, New Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Sydney Lodge, Frognall, Kent.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the Hon.
H.-G.-P. Townshend, Col. of the
1st Foot Guards; to Lady Georgiana
Townshend, Housekeeper of Windsor
Castle; to Baroness Dynevor; to the
Earl of Chatham : to Baron De Clif-
ford; and to the Earl of Leitrim ; to
the Duke of Buccleugh and Queens-
berry; and to the lady of the Hon.
Peregrine-Francis Cust, M.P. for Cli-
theroe (bro. to Earl Brownlow): kins-
man to the Marquess Townshend;
and to Baron Bayning, of Foxley:
cousin to Viscount Clements, M.P. for
Leitrim; and to the Hon. George-
Rice-Rice Trevor, M.P. for Caermar-
thenshire.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Whitchurch.
115. TALBOT, Earl, Y. of C. 1784
N. & S. Charles-Chetwynd-Talbot Chet-
wynd, K.P., F.R.S., and F.S.A.
O. T. Viscount Ingestrie, of I.,
Staffordshire . . . . . 1784
Baron Talbot, of Hensol, Gla-
morganshire - - . . 1733
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot, of Staf.
..fordshire.
Bn. April 25 . . . . . . . 1777
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, May 19 1793
Mar. Frances-Thomasine, eld. dr.
of C. Lambert, Esq., Meath-
shire (deceased), Aug. 28 . 1800
H. Ap, Henry, Viscount Ingestric,
a Captain R.N., and M.P. for
Hertford, born Nov. 8 . . . 1803
To. Res. 71, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Ingestrie Hall, near Stafford.
Jºel. His Lordship is father to the
Member for Hertford : cousin to the
Marquess of Downshire; and to Lord
A.-M.-W. Hill, M.P. for Downshire.
Viscount Ingestrie is bro.-in-law to
the Marquess of Waterford.
Earl Talbot succeeded the late Duke of
Richmond in the Lord-Lieutenancy of
Ireland, and continued in the govern-
ment of that country until 1821.
85. TANKERVILLE, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1714
M. & S. George-Augustus Bennet.
O. T. Baron Ossulston, of O.,
Middlesex . . . . . . . 1682
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Bn. April 28 . . . . . . . 1776
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl, Dec. 10 1822
Mar. Corisande-Armandine-Leo-
nice-Sophia, dr. of the Duke de
Grammont, July 28 . . . . 1806
H. Ap, Charles, Lord Ossulston,
born Jan. 10 - - 1810
To. Res. 26, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se, Mount Felix, Walton-on-Thames,
Surrey; and Chillingham Castle, near
Belford, Northumberland.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Henry-Grey Bennet, late M.P. for
Shrewsbury (who is son-in-law to Lord
William Russel, M.P. for Tavistock):
cousin to John Bennet, Esq., M.P.
for Wiltshire: bro.-in-law to Sir John
Wrottesley, Bart., M.P. for Stafford-
shire; and to the Hon. and Rev. W.
Beresford (bro, to Baron Decies).


384. TENTERDEN, (1st) Baron,
of Hendon, Middlesex . Y. of C. 1827
N. & S. Charles Abbot.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Lord Chief-Justice of the Court of
King's Bench.
A Deputy Speaker of the House of
Peers.
Bn. 7th Oct. . . . . . . . 1762
Mar. Mary, eld. dr. of I.-L. La-
motte, Esq., of Basilden, Berks,
13th July . . . . . . .
H. Ap. John-Henry Abbot, bar-
rister-at-law, a Marshal and As-
sociate to the Chief-Justice of the
King's Bench, and a Commis-
sioner of Bankrupts, born Aug. 6 1796
To. Res. 28, Russell-square; and 4,
Serjeants-Inn, Chancery-lane.
Co. Se. Hendon Place, Hendon, Mid-
dlesex.

1795

247. TEYNHAM, Baron,
of T., Kent . Y. of C. 1616
N. & S. Henry-Francis-Roper Curzon,
D.C.L.
Bn. 9th May. . . . . 1768
Suc. his cousin, as 14th Baron,
7th Sept. . . . . . . . 1824
Mar. First, Bridget (deceased), dr.
andheiressof T. Hawkins, Esq.,
of Nash Court, Kent, 21st May 1788
Second, Sarah, yst. dr. of Sir An-
thony Brabazon, Bart., of B.
Park, Mayoshire, 16th July . 1828
THAN
TORR
( 233 )
H. Ap. Henry (step-father to the
Earl of Shrewsbury), born in 1789
Co. Se. Linstead Lodge, Kent.
Rel. His Lordship is 2d cousin to Baron
Dacre; and to Major Gen. the Hon.
Henry Trevor (formerly Brand), C.B.
61. THANET, Earl of,
Kent . . . . . . Y. of C. 1628
N. & S. Charles Tufton.
O. T. Baron Tufton, of T., Sussex 1626
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1611
Offi. Hereditary Sheriff of Westmoreland.
Bn, Sept. 10 . . . . . . . 1770
Suc. his brother, as 10th Earl, in
Jan. . . . . . . . . . 1825
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. Henry Tufton, M.P. for Appleby.
Co. Se. Heathfield-place, Kent; Balbrook,
Sussex; Skipton Castle, Yorkshire;
Appleby Castle, Westmoreland; and
Newbottle, Northamptonshire.
Rel. His Lordship is 2d cousin to the
Duke of Dorset.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Appleby.
39. THOMOND, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1800
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life (though a Baron of the
U.K.), elected in . . - -
N. & S. William O'Bryen, K.P.
O. T. 1st BARon TADcAstr R,
of T., Yorkshire, U.K. . . 1826
I. P. Earl of Inchiquin . . . 1654
Baron of Inchiquin and Burren,
Co. Clare . . . . . . 1543
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
A Governor of the County of Cork.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Suc. his uncle, as 2d Marquess,
Feb. 10 . . . . . . . .
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of T. Trotter,
Esq., of Duleck, Sept. 16 . . 1799
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, Rear-
Admiral Lord James O'Bryen.
To. Res. 11, Lower Berkeley-street.
Co. Se. Rostellan Castle, Cork.
Re!. His Lordship is fa.-in-law to the
Hon. George-Frederick Hotham, Capt.
R.N. (brother to Baron Hotham):
cousin to the Countess of Orkney : 3d
cousin to Viscount Kirkwall.
297. THURLOW, Baron,
of T., Suffolk . . . Y. of C. 1792
N. & S. Edward-Thos-Hovell Thurlow.
Bn. Nov. 12 . . . . . . 1814
Suc. his father, as 3d Baron, June 4 1829
H. Pres. His Lordship’s uncle, the Rev.
Thomas Thurlow.
Co. Se. Knight's Hill, Dulwich, Kent.
His Lordship is a MINort.
182. TORRINGTON, Wiscount,
of Devonshire . . . Y. of C. 1721
N.&S. George Byng, D.C.L. and F.R.S.
O. T. Baron Byng, of Southill,
Bedfordshire . . . . . 1721
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1715
Off. A Vice-Admiral of the Blue.
Bn. Jan. 5 . . . 1768
Suc. his father, as 6th Viscount,
Jan. 8 . . . . . . . .
Mar. First, Elizabeth (deceased),
dr.of P.Langmead, Esq., Feb.8
Second, Frances-Harriet, dr. of
Rear-Admiral Sir Thomas
Barlow, K.C.B. in . . . 1811
H. Ap. George, born 9th Sept. - 1812
Co. St. Yokes-place, near Mereworth,
and Godden-green, Kent.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the Hon.
Edmund Byng, a Commis. in the
Colonial Audit Office; and to the Hon.
Fred.-Gerald Byng, Sen. Clerk in the
Foreign Office: cousin to the Mar-
chioness of Bath: 2d cousin to the
Earl of Bradford; to the lady of
William-Wolryche Whitmore, Esq.,
who is son to Thomas Whitmore, Esq.,
both Members for Bridgenorth; to
the Marquess of Tavistock, M.P. for
Bedfordshire; to Lord John Russel,
M. P. for Tavistock; to Wiscount
Weymouth; Lord Henry-Frederick,
and Lord William Thynne, both
Members for Weobly; to the Countess
Cawdor; to the lady of the Hon.
Henry Lascelles (son of the Earl of
Harewood), M.P. for Northallerton;
and to the Duchess of Buccleugh
and Queensberry; 3d cousin to George
Byng, Esq., M.P. for Middlesex; and
to Sir John Byng, K.C.B., Com-
mander of the Forces in Ireland.
1813
1793



33. TOWNSHEND, Marquess,
Y. of C. 1787
N. & S. George-Ferrars Townshend.
O. T. Earl of Leicester . . 1784
Viscount Townshend, of Rayn-
ham, Norfolk . . . 1682
Baron Townshend, of Lynn
Regis, Norfolk . . . . . 1661
Baron Ferrars, of Chartley . . 1299
Baron Compton . 1572
in H
TWEE
TYRO
( 234 )
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1617
Offi. High Steward of Tamworth.
Bn. Dec. 13 . . . . . . . 1778
Suc. his father, as 3d Marquess,
July 27 . . . . . . . .
Mar. Sarah, dr. of W.D. Gardner,
Esq., May 12 . . . . . . 1807
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, Lord
Charles Townshend, M.P., for Tam-
worth.
Co. Se. Tamworth Castle, Warwickshire;
Raynham Hall, Norfolk; and Ball's
Park, Hertfordshire.
Rel. His Lordship is kinsman to Vis-
count Sydney; to Baron Bayning, of
Foxley; and to Baroness Dynevor.
1811
30. TWEEDDALE, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1694
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected Sept. 2 . . . . . . 1830
N. & S. George Hay, K.T., K.C.B.
O. T. S. P. Earl of Gifford . . 1694
Earl of Tweeddale, Peebleshire 1646
Viscount Walden . . . 1694
Baron Hay, of Yester . . 1487
Offi. Hereditary Chamberlain of Dum-
fermline.
Lord Lieut. of Haddingtonshire,
A Col. in the Army, and Aide-de-
camp to the King.
Bn. Feb. 1 . . . . . . . 1787
Suc. his father, as 8th Marquess,
Aug. 9 . . -
Mar. Susan, 3d dr. of William,
5th Duke of Manchester, Mar. 28 1816
H. Ap. George, Earl of Gifford,
born April 26 . . . . . . 1822
Co. Se. Yester House, Haddingtonshire.
Rel. His Lordship is son-in-law to the
present Duke of Manchester: nephew
to the Earl of Lauderdale: brother to
Lord John Hay, Captain R.N., and
M.P. for Haddingtonshire; and to the
lady of John-Henry Ley, Esq., Chief
Clerk of the House of Commons:
bro.-in-law to Viscount Mandeville,
M.P. for Huntingdonshire; and to
the lady of John-Hales Calcraft, Esq.
(son to the Rt. Hon. John Calcraft,
M.P. for Wareham): cousin to Vis-
count Maitland, M.P. for Appleby;
and to the Hon. Anthony Maitland,
Captain R.N., and M.P. for Berwick-
shire. The Marchioness is niece to
the Duke of Gordon; and to the
Duchess of Bedford: cousin to the
Duke of Richmond; to Lord John-
George Lennox, M.P. for Chichester;
to Baroness Braybrooke; and to the
lady of Lord Eliot (eld. son of the Earl
of St. Germans), M.P. for Liskeard;
to the Marquess of Tavistock, M.P.
for Bedfordshire; and to Lord John
Russel, M.P. for Tavistock.

287. TYRONE, Baron,
of Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire, G.B.
Y. of C. 1786
N. & S. Henry De la Poer-Beresford.
O. T. I. P. MARQUEss of WA-
. 1789
. 1746
TERFORD . . . . .
Earl of Tyrone
Wiscount Tyrone . . . .
Baron Beresford, of B., Cavan-X 1720
shire . . . . . . .
Baron De la Poer, of Curragh-
more, Waterfordshire . . 1375
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1665
Bn. April 26 . . . . . . . 1811
Suc, his father, as 3d Marquess,
July 16 . . . . . . . . 1826
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, Lord
William De la Poer-Beresford.
Co. Se. Ford Castle, Northumberland;
Curraghmore House, Co. Waterford;
and Walworth, Londonderryshire.
Rel. His Lordship is brother to the lady
of Viscount Ingestrie (eld. son of Earl
Talbot), M.P. for Hereford: nephew
to the Rt. Hon. and Most Rev. John-
George, Lord Archbishop of Armagh;
to the Rt. Hon. Lord G.-T. Beresford,
Governor and Cust. Rot. of Water-
fordshire: 2d cousin to George, Lord
Bishop of Kilmore; to the Rt. Hon.
John-Claudius Beresford, an Alderman
of Dublin; to Baron Decies: 3d cous.
to Lieut. Col. Marcus Beresford, M.P.
for Berwick-upon-Tweed (who is cousin
to the Earl of Miltown).
Parl. Pat. One Member for Berwick.
His Lordship is a MINon.
174. WANE, (1st) Earl, -
.K. Y. of C. 1823
N. & S. Charles-William-Vane Stewart,
G.C.B., K.T.S., K.S.G., K.B.E.,
K.R.E., K.S., and D.C.L.
O. T. 1st Viscount Seaham, of S.,
Durham . . . . . 1823
1st Baron Stewart, of S. Court 1814
I. P. MARQUEss of London-
DERRY . . . . . . . 1816
Earl of Londonderry . . . 1796
Wiscount Castlereagh . . . 1795
Baron Stewart . . . . . . 1789
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
VERN
VERU
( 235 )
A Lieut. Gen. and Colonel of the 10th
Hussars.
Governor and Cust. Rot. of London-
derry and Downshires.
Bn. May 18 . . . . . . 1778
Suc. his brother, as 3d Marquess,
Aug. 12 . . . . . . .
Mar. First, Catherine (deceased),
y. dr. of John, 3d Earl of
Darnley, Aug. 8 . . . . 1804
Second, Frances-Anne, dr. of Sir
H.-Vane Tempest, and the
Countess of Antrim, April 3
Heirs Ap. Frederick-Wm.-Robert,
Viscount Castlereagh, M.P.
for Downshire, born July 7 - 1805
George-Henry-Robert-Charles,
Viscount Seaham, born April
26 . . . . . . . . . 1821
To. Res. Holdernesse House, Park-lane.
Co. Se. Winyard House, and Seaham
Hall, near Stockton-upon-Tees, Dur-
ham; and Mount Stewart, Downshire,
Ireland.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Major Gen. Lord
Charles Fitzroy (bro. to the Duke of
Grafton); to Thomas Wood, Esq.,
M.P. for Breconshire; to Baron Gar-
vagh; to the Rt. Hon. Sir Henry
Hardinge, K.C.B., Secretary at War,
and M.P. for St. Germans; to Baron
Ellenborough ; to the Earl of Darnley;
and to the lady of Sir Lawrence-
Vaughan Palk, Bart., M.P. for Ash-
burton: son-in-law to the Countess of
Antrim; cousin to the Marquess Cam-
den; and to Alexander-Robert Stewart,
Esq. (son-in-law to the Marquess
Camden, and nephew to the Marquess
of Drogheda); 2d cousin to the Earl
of Brecknock.
1819
272. VERNON, Baron,
of Kinderton, Cheshire . Y. of C. 1762
N. & S. George-Charles-Venables Vernon.
Bn. Dec. . . . . . . . 1779
Suc. his father, as 4th Baron,
March 27 . . . . . . . . 1829
Mar. Frances-Maria, dr. of the
late Rt. Hon. Sir J.-Borlase
Warren, Bart., G.C.B., Aug. 25
H. Ap. George-John (son-in-law
to Cuthbert Ellison, Esq., M.P.
for Newcastle-upon-Tyne), born
June 22 . . . . . . . 1803
To. Res. 21, Hertford-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Sudbury Hall, Derbyshire; Briton
Ferry, Glamorganshire; and Nuttal
Temple, near Bingham, Notts.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the Hon.
1802
To. Res, Mivart's Hotel,
and Rt. Rev. Edward, Lord Arch-
bishop of York: cousin to George-
Granville Venables, Esq., M.P. for
Lichfield: bro.-in-law to the Rev.
Brooke Boothby, Prebendary of South-
well: 2d cousin to the children of
Baron Suffield.

162. VERULAM, (1st) Earl,
U.K. Y. of C. 1815
N. & S. James-Walter Grimston.
O. T. Viscount Grimston . . . 1815
Baron Verulam, of Gorhambury,
Herts . . . . . . . . 1790
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1628
S. P. Baron Forrester, of Cor-
storphine . . . . . 1633
I. P. Viscount Grimston . .
Baron Dunboyne, of D., Meath-X- 1719
shire . . . . . . .
Off. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Hert-
fordshire.
Bn, Sept. 26 . . . . . . . 1775
Suc. his father, as 4th Irish Vis-
count, &c., Jan. 1 . 1809
—his cousin, as 8th Scottish Baron,
in . . . . . . . . . 1808
Mar. Charlotte, dr. of Charles, 1st
Earl of Liverpool, Aug. 11 . . 1807
H. Ap. James-Walter, Wiscount
Grimston, M.P. for St. Alban's,
born Feb. 22. . . . . . 1809
To. Res. 42, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Gorhambury Park, near St.
Alban's, Hertfordshire.
Rel, Bro.-in-law to the present Earl of
Liverpool: cousin to the lady of the
Hon. Berkeley Paget (brother to the
Marquess of Anglesey). The Countess
is cousin to the Rt. Rev. John-Bankes-
Jenkinson, Lord Bishop of St. David's.
Parl. Pat. One Member for St. Alban’s.


93. WALDEGRAVE, Earl,
of W., Northamptonshire, Y. of C. 1729
N. & S. John-James Waldegrave.
O. T. Viscount Chewton . .
Baron Waldegrave, of Chewton,
Somersetshire . . . . . 1685
A Baronet . . . . . . . 1643
Bn. July 30 . . . . . . . 1785
Suc. his brother, as 6th Earl,
June 29 . . . . . . . 1794
Mar. Miss Anne King, of Hastings
H. Ap. A son, Viscount Chewton,
born Feb. 8 . . . . 1816
44, Lower
1729


Brook-street.
Co. Se. Strawberry Hill, Twickenham,
Middlesex; and Navestoke, Essex.
WALL
WELL
( 236 )
Itel. His Lordship is 2d cousin to His
Royal Highness the Duke of Glou-
cester ; and to the Princess Sophia.
393. WALLACE, (1st) Baron,
of Knaresdale, Northumberland.
Y. of C. 1828
N. & S. Thomas Wallace.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Commissioner of the India Board.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
Mar. Jane, dr. of John, 2d Earl
of Hopetown, and widow of
Henry, 1st Viscount Melville,
16th Feb. . . . . . . . 1814
Co. Se. Carlton Hall, Cumberland.
Rel. The Baroness is aunt to the present
Earl of Hopetown.
278. WALSINGHAM, Baron
of W. Norfolk . Y. of C. 1780
N. & S. George de Grey.
Offi. A Lieut. General, and Lieut. Col.
of the First Reg. of Dragoons.
Bn. Ilth June . . . . . . 1776
Suc, his father, as 3d Baron, 16th
Jan. . . . . . . . . . 1818
Mar. Matilda, eld. dr. of Paul-
Cobb Methuen, Esq., of Cor-
sham House, Wiltshire, 10th
May . . . . . . . . . 1804
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. and Rev. Thomas de Grey,
Archdeacon of Surrey, Prebendary
of Windsor, and Chaplain to the
King.
To. Res. 55, Upper Harley-street.
Co. Se. Staines, Middlesex; and Mer-
ton Hall, Thetford, Norfolk.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to Wil-
liam Gosling, Esq., of Roehampton,
Surrey, a banker in London: cousin
to Baron Boston; and to the Ba-
roness Selsey: 2d cousin to the lady
of Viscount Kirkwall (grandson and
heir to the Countess of Orkney).
229. WATERFORD &LISMORE,
Lord Bishop of,
Cons. in . . . . . - 1813
A Representative Bishop of Ireland for
Sess. 1831
N. & S. The Hon. and Right Rev.
Richard Bourke, D.D.
Res. Bishop's Palace, Waterford.
Rel, Bro. and H. Pre. to the E. of Mayo,
312. WELLESLEY, (1st) Baron,
of W., Somersetshire G.B.Y. of C. 1797
N. & S. Richard Wellesley, K.G., K.P.,
K.C., K.S.L., and D.C.L.
O. T. I. P. let MARQUEssWEL-
LEs LEY, of Norragh . . 1799
Earl Mornington of M. Meath-
shire . . . . . . . 1760
Viscount Wellesley, of Dangan
Castle, Meath . . . . .
Baron Mornington . . . . 1746
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England
and Ireland.
Lord Steward of the King's House-
hold *.
Cust. Rot. of Meathshire.
Late Gov. Gen. of India; and
Lord Lieut. Gen., and Gen. Gov. of
Ireland.
Bn. 20th June . . . . . . 1756
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, &c.
22d May . - - - - -
Mar. First, Hyacinth-Gabrielle
(deceased), dr. of M.-Pierre
Roland . . . . . . .
Secondly, Marianne, dr. of R.
Caton, Esq., of Philadelphia,
and widowof Robert Paterson,
Esq., 29th Oct. . . . 1825
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, Baron
Maryborough.
To...Res. St.John's Lodge, Regent's Park.
Co. Se. Marble Hall, Twickenham;
Upton, Somersetshire; and Trim
Castle, Meathshire.
Rel. Besides Baron Maryborough, his
Lordship is brother, also, to the Duke
of Wellington; to the Hon. and Rev.
Gerald-Valerian Wellesley, D.D.,
Chaplain to the King, a Prebendary
of Durham, and Rector of St. Luke's,
Chelsea; and to Baron Cowley, Ama-
bassador Extraordinary, and Plenipo-
tentiary at the Court of Vienna: uncle

1784
1794



* The Lord Steward of the King's Household has the civil government and
jurisdiction of the King's servants below stairs. He is appointed to his office by the
delivery of the white staff, which is esteemed his commission.
It is his business, at
the commencement of the Parliament, to attend the King, and to administer the oaths
of allegiance, &c. to all the Members of the House of Commons. At the death of
the King, he breaks his staff over the hearse in which the royal corpse is deposited;
thereby terminating his own functions, and discharging all his under officers,
WELL ( 237 ) WEMY
N
to the Hon. William-Pole-Tylney-
Long-Wellesley; to the lady of the
Right Hon. Sir Charles Bagot, K.C.B.,
Ambassador Extraordinary, and Ple-
nipotentiary at the Hague: to the
lady of Lord Fitzroy-J.-H. Somerset,
K.C.B.; to the lady of Lord Bur-
ghersh, Envoy Extraordinary to the
Court of Tuscany; and to the Mar-
quess of Douro : cousin to Viscount
Dungannon.
26. WELLINGTON, 1st Duke of,
in Somersetshire U. K. Y. of C. 1814
N. & S. Arthur Wellesley, K.G., G.C.B.,
K. A. K.B.E., K.C.S., K.E., K.F.M.,
K.G.F., K. M.J., K.M.T., K.S.,
K.S.E., K.S.G., K.T.S., K.W.,
D.C. L.
O. T. 1st Marquess of Douro . 1814
1st Marquess and Earl of
Wellington . . . . . . 1812
1st Viscount Wellington of
W. and Talavera. . -
1st Baron Douro of Wellesley,
Somersetshire . . . .
PRINCE or WATERLoo, in
the Netherlands . . . . 1815
DUKE or VIT Top 1A, Marquess
of Torres Vedras, and Count
Vimeira, in Portugal . .
DUKE of CIUDAD Rodrigo,
and a Grandee of the Highest
Class, in Spain
1809
Offi. A Privy councillor in England and
Ireland.
Late First Lord of the Treasury, and
Prime Minister of the British
Empire.
A Field-Marshal; Colonel of the
RifleBrigade, andGrenadier Guards.
Constable of the Tower of London.
Mar. Catherine, 3d dr. of Ed-
ward-Michael, 2d Baron Long-
ford, 10th April . . . . . 1806
H. Ap. Arthur, Marquess of
Douro, M.P. for Aldeburgh,
born 3d Feb. . . . . . . 1807
To, Res. Apsley-House, Hyde Park
Corner, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Strathfieldsay, Hants.
Rel. His Grace is bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Longford; and to the Hon. and
Rev. Henry Pakenham, Archdeacon
of Emly: brother to the Marquess
Wellesley; to Baron Maryborough;
to Baron Cowley; and to the Hon.
and Rev. Gerald-Valerian Wellesley,
Rector of Chelsea, &c. (see these
titles for further particulars): cousin
to Viscount Dungannon.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Dover.

302, WEMYSS, 1st Baron,
of W. Fifeshire. U. K. Y. of C. 1821
N. & S. Francis-Wemyss Charteris-
Douglas.
O. T. S. P. EARL of WEMYss
AND MARCH . . . 1633 & 1697
Offi. Lord-Lieut. of Peeblesshire.
Viscount Peebles . . . . 1697
Baron Elcho . . . . . . 1628
Baron Douglas of Nidpath - 1697
Bn. 15th April . . . . . . 1772
Suc. his grandfather, as 7th Earl
of Wemyss, 24th Aug. . . . 1808
His kinsman (the late Duke of
Queensberry), as 4th Earl of
March, &c., 23d Dec. . . 1810
Mar, Margaret, dr. of Walter
Campbell, Esq., of Shawfield,
31st May . . . . . . . I
H. Ap. Francis, Lord Elcho (son-
in-law to the Earl of Lucan),




Lord Lieutenant and Cust. Rot. of To. Res. 19, Stratford-place, Oxford-str.
Hants, and of the Tower Hamlets.
A Commissioner of the India Board.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Governor of the Charter House.
Lord-Warden of the Cinque-Ports.
An Elder Brotherof the Trinity House.
A Commissioner of the Royal Military
College, and of the Royal Military
Asylum.
A FIELD-MAnsh AL of AUSTRIA,
Russia, PRussi A, FRANCE, AND
THE NETHERLAN IDs.
A CAPTAIN-GENERAL IN SPAIN,
and MARSHAL-GENERAL IN
Portugal.
Bn, 1st May . . . . . . 1769
Co. Se. Gosford-House, Haddington-
shire; and Nidpath-Castle, Peebles-
shire.
Rel. His Lordship is father-in-law and
uncle to Walter-Frederick Campbell,
Esq., M.P. for Argyleshire (nephew
to the Duke of Argyle); and to Lord
Grey, of Groby (eldest son of the
Earl of Stamford and Warrington):
bro.-in-law to the Earl of Stamford
and Warrington; to the Hon. Edward-
Richard Stewart (brother to the Earl
of Galloway); and to Baron Ross-
more: cousin to George-Anthony-
Legh Keck, M.P. for Leicestershire:
2d cousin to the Duke of Gordon, and

WEST
WHAR
( 238 )
to the Duchess of Bedford: 3d cousin
to the Duke of Richmond; to the
children of the Duke of Manchester;
to those of the Duke of Bedford by
his present Duchess; and to the
Baroness Braybrooke; to the lady of
Lord Eliott, M.P. for Liskeard ; and
to the lady of Charles Ross, Esq.,
M.P. for St. Germans.
56. WESTMORLAND, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1624
N. & S. John Fane, K.G.
O. T. Baron Burghersh .
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Lord Lieutenant, and Cust. Rot. of
Northamptonshire.
A Governor of the Charter-House.
Recorder of Lyme-Regis.
Bn. 1st Jan. . . . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 10th Earl, 26th
April . . . . . . . .
Mar. first, Sarah-Anne (deceased),
dr. and heiress of Robert
Child, Esq., of Osterley
Park, 20th May, . . . . 1782
Secondly, Jane, dr. and co-heiress
of Richard Saunders, Esq.,
March . . . . . . .
H. Ap. John, Lord Burghersh,
born 3d Feb. - - . 1784
To. Res. 31, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Althorp-Hall, near Wandsford,
Northamptonshire; and Brimpton-
House, Yeovil, Somerset.
Rel. His Lordship is father to Lord
Burghersh (Envoy Extraordinary and
Minister Plenipotentiary at the Court
of Naples); and to the Hon. H-Sutton
Fane, M.P. for Lyme Regis: fa.-in-
law to the Earl of Jersey; to the Rt.
Hon. Sir Arthur Paget, K.C.B.; and
to Viscount Duncannon, M.P. for
Kilkennyshire (eldest son of the Earl
of Besborough): bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Lonsdale; and to his brother,
Sir John Lowther, Bart., M.P for
Cumberland: uncle to Viscount Low-
ther; and to the Hon. Henry-Cecil
Lowther, both members for West-
morland; also to John-Henry Low-
ther, Esq., M.P. for Wigton; to the
lady of the Rt. Hon. Sir John Beckett,
Bart., M.P. for Haslemere; to the
lady of Lord W.-J.-F. Powlett, M.P.
for Durham (who is son of the Mar-
quess of Cleveland); and to John-
Thomas Fane, Esq., M.P. for Lyme
Regis, a Clerk of the Privy Seal, and
. 1624
1759
1774
1800
Lieut. Col. in the army: cousin to
Sir H. Fane, M.P. for Hastings; and
to John Fane, Esq., M.P. for Oxford-
shire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Lyme-
Regis.
379, WHARNCLIFFE,(1st) Baron,
of Wortley, Yorkshire. Y. of C. 1826
N. & S. James-Archibald-Stewart-Wort-
ley Mackenzie.
Bn. in Oct. . . . . . . . 1776
Mar. Elizabeth-Caroline-Mary,
dr. of John, 1st Earl of Erne,
30th March . . . . . . ]799
H. Ap. John, born 23rd April . 1801
To, Res. 15, Curzon-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Wortley Hall, Sheffield, York-
shire; Broom Hall, Fulham, Middle-
sex; and Belmont, Perthshire.
Rel. Father to the Hon. John-Stuart
Wortley, M.P. for Bossiney (son-
in-law to the Earl of Harrowby,
and brother-in-law to Viscount San-
don, M.P. for Tiverton); nephew-
in-law to the Right Hon. Gran-
ville-Dudley Ryder, the other member
for Tiverton ; and to Henry, Lord
Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry:
bro.-in-law to the Earl of Erne; to
the Rt. Hon. William Dundas
(cousin to Wiscount Melville), M.P.
for Edinburgh; and to the Earl of
Beverley: cousin to Baron Stuart de
Rothesay: 3d cousin to the Marquess
of Bute; to Lord Patrick-James-
Herbert-Crichton Stuart, M.P. for
Cardiff; and to Henry-Williers Stuart,
M.P. for Banbury.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Bossiney.
Previous to his elevation to the
Peerage, Lord Wharncliffe represented
the County of York, in the lower house
of Parliament, for several years.


134. WICKLOW, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1793
A Representative Peer of Ireland,
for life, elected in . . . . 1820
N. & S. William-Forward Howard.
O. T. Viscount Wicklow, of W. 1785
I. P. Baron Clonmore, of C.
Castle, Carlowshire . 1778
Offi. A Governor of Wicklowshire, and
Col. of its Militia.
Bn, in . . . . . . . . . 1788
Suc. his father, as 3d Earl, 27th
Sept. . . .
. . . . . . 1818
Mar. Cecil-Frances, dr. of John-
WIGAN
WILL
( 239 )

James, 1st Marquess of Aber-
corn, in Feb. . . . . . . 1816
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother, the
Hon. and Rev. Francis-F. Howard,
son-in-law to the Bishop of Kilmore.
To. Res. 2, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Skelton Abbey, Co. Wicklow,
Ireland; Castle Forward, Donegal-
shire.
Rel. 2d cousin to the Earl of Charlemont;
and to the Hon. Henry Caulfield, M.P.
for Armaghshire. The Countess is
aunt to the Marquess of Abercorn:
sister-in-law to the Earl of Aberdeen.
375. WIGAN, (1st) Baron,
of Haigh Hall, Lancashire, Y. of C.
N. & S. James Lindsay.
O.T. S. P. EARL of BALCARRAs,
Co. Fife . . . . . . . 165]
Baron Lindsay, of Cumberland 1633
Bn. 24th April . . - . 1783
Suc. his father, as 7th Earl, 27th
March - - . . . 1825
Mar. Maria-Margaret-Frances, dr.
of John, 1st Baron Muncaster,
11th Nov. . . . . . . .
H. Ap. Alexander-William-Craw-
ford, Lord Lindsay, born 16th
Oct. . . . . . . . . 1812
To. Res. 21, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Earlsferry Abbey, Fifeshire;
and Haigh Hall, near Wigan, Lan-
cashire.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the Hon.
and Rt. Rev.Charles-Dalrymple Lind-
say, D.D., Lord Bishop of Kildare:
cousin to Lieut. Col. James Lindsay,
M. P. for Wigan: brother to the Hon.
Robert Lindsay, Collector of Customs
at Agra, in the East Indies. The
Countess is cousin to Baron Muncaster.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Wigan.
1811
238. WILLOUGHBY DE BROKE,
Baron . . . . Y. of C. 1492
N. & S. Henry Verney.
Bn. 5th April . . . . . . 1773
Suc. his brother, as 8th Baron,
1st Sept. . . . . . . . . 1820
Mar. Margaret, 3d dr. of Sir John
Williams, Bart., March. . 1829
H. Pres. His Lordship's sister, Louisa,
wife of the Rev. Robert Bernard, a
Prebendary of Winchester.
To. Res. 21, Hill-street, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Compton Verney, near Stratford-
on-Avon, Warwickshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro.-in-law to the
lady of George Lucy, Esq., M.P. for
Fowey: cousin to the Earl of Guild-
ford; to the Hon. and Rev. Charles-
Augustus North, a Prebendary of
Winchester; and to the ladies of the
Rev. W. Garnier, A.M., and the Hon.
and Rev. Thomas de Grey (2d son of
Baron Walsingham), Prebendaries of
the same cathedral.
236. WILLOUGHBY D’ERESBY
and GWYDYR, Baron,
Y. of C. 1796 and 1314
N. & S. Peter-Robert-Drummond Bur-
rell.
O. T. A. Baronet.
Offi. Joint Hereditary Grand Chamber-
laim of England.
A Privy Councillor.
Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Caer-
narvonshire.
Bn. in March . . . . . . 1782
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron Gwy-
dyr, 29th June. . . . . . . 1820
Suc, his mother, as 19th Baron
Will. D’Eresby, 29th Dec. . 1828
Mar. Clementina-Sarah, dr. and
sole heiress of James, 1st Lord
of Perth, 20th April . . 1807
H. Ap. Alberic, born 25th Dec. 1821
To. Res. 142, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Langley Park, Kent; Grims-
thorpe Castle, Lincolnshire; Gwydyr
Castle, Denbighshire; and Drummond
Castle, Perthshire.
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to the Mar-
quess of Cholmondeley; and to Lord
Henry-William Cholmondeley, M.P.for
Castle Rising: 2d cousin to Sir Charles-
Merrick Burrell, Bart., M.P. for
Shoreham; and to Walter Burrell, Esq.
M.P. for Sussex: bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Clare: father-in-law to Gil-
bert-John Heathcote, Esq. (son to Sir
Gilbert Heathcote, Bart., M.P. for
Rutlandshire).




145. WILTON, Earl of,
Y. of C. 1801
N. & S. Thomas-Grosvenor Egerton.
O. T. Viscount Grey de Wilton, of
W. Castle, Herefordshire . . . 1784
Bn. 30th Dec. . . . . . 1799
Suc. his maternal grandfather, as
2d Earl, 23d Sept. . . 1814
Mar. Mary-Margaret, dr. of Ed-
ward, 12th Earl of Derby, 29th
Nov. . . . . . 1821

- -
WINC
WINC
( 240 )
H. Ap. Thomas, Viscount Grey
de Wilton, born 9th Oct. . 1825
To. Res. 13, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Heaton House, Lancashire.
Rel. His Lordship is 2d son of Earl
Grosvenor : brother to Viscount Bel-
grave, M.P. for Cheshire; and to the
Hon. Robert Grosvenor, M.P. for
Chester: son-in-law to the Earl of
Derby: bro.-in-law to Lord Stanley,
M.P. for Lancashire (who is father to
the Hon. Edward-G.-S. Stanley, M.P.
for Windsor).
206. WINCHESTER, Lord Bishop
of, translated from Llandaff - . 1827
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Charles-Richard
Sumner, D.D. and F.R.S.
O. Offi. Prelate of the Order of the
Garter.
Provincial Sub-Dean of Canterbury.
Visitor of Magdalen, New, Trinity,
St. John’s, and Corpus Christi Col-
leges, Oxford ; of Winchester Col-
lege, Hampshire; and of St. Sa-
viour's Grammar School,Southwark.
Cons. Bishop of Llandaff in . . 1826
To. Res. 19, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Palace, Winchester; and Farn-
ham Castle, Surrey.
Re!. Brother to the Rt. Rev. J.-B.
Sumner, Lord Bishop of Chester; –
to George Holme Sumner, Esq., M.P.
for Guildford.
N. B. The extensive diocese of this pre-
late, which is in the Province of Can-
terbury, comprehends the counties of
Surrey and Hants, with the Isles of
Wight, Guernsey, Jersey, and Al-
derney. -
28. WINCHESTER, Marquess of,
Y. of C. 1551
Premier Marquess of England.
N. & S. Charles-Ingoldsby Paulet.
O. T. Earl of Wiltshire . . . 1549
Baron St. John, of Basing . . 1538
Offi. Groom of the Stole to the King”.
A Privy Councillor.
Bn. in . . . . . . . . . 1774
Suc. his father, as 13th Marquess,
22d April . . . . . . . 1800
Mar. Anne, 2d dr. of G. Andrews,
Esq., of Shotney Hall, Nor-
thumberland, 31st July . . . 1800
H. Ap. John, Earl of Wiltshire,
a Lieut. Col., born 3d June , 1801
To. Res. 27, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Amport House, near Andover ;
and Rotherfield Park, Hants.
Rel. Brother to Lord Henry Paulet,
G.C.B., and Admiral of the White:
bro.-in-law to Vice-Admiral Sir Jo-
seph-S. Yorke, K.C.B., and M.P. for
Reigate.
59. WINCHILSEA & NOTTING-
HAM, Earl of, Y. of C. 1628 and 1681
N. & S. George-William-Finch Hatton.
O. T. Viscount Maidstone, of M.
Kent . . . . . . . . 1623
Lord of the Royal Manor of Wye
Baron Finch of Daventry, North-
amptonshire . . . . . . 1673
A Baronet . . . . 1611
Bn. 22d May. . . . . . 1791
Suc. his cousin, as 9th Earl of W.
and 5th of Nottingham, 2d Aug. 1826
Mar. Georgiana-Charlotte, eld, dr.
of James, 3d Duke of Montrose,
26th July . . . . . . 1814
H. Ap, George-James, Viscount
Maidstone, born 31st May . . 1815
To. Res. 5. Suffolk-street, Pall-Mall East.
Co. Se. Burleigh Park, Rutlandshire;
Eastwell Park, Kent; and Kirby,
Northamptonshire.
Itel. His Lordship is son-in-law to the
present Duke of Montrose: bro.-in-law
to the Marquess of Graham, M.P. for
Cambridge Borough, who is likewise
a Privy Councillor, a Commissioner
for the Affairs of India, and Col. of
the Stirling Militia; also to the lady
of Viscount Clive, M.P. for Ludlow
(eld, son of the Earl of Powis); nephew
to the Earl of Mansfield. His Lord-
ship's brother, the Hon. and Rev.
Daniel-Heneage-Finch Hatton, is son-
in-law to the Countess of Mansfield.


316. WODEHOUSE, (1st) Baron,
of Kimberley, Norfolk . Y. of C. 1797
N. & S. John Wodehouse.
O. T. A. Baronet .
Offi. Recorder of Falmouth.
Bn., in . . . . . . . . . 1741
Mar. Sophia, dr. and heiress of C.
. 1611
* The Groom of the Stole presides over all things pertaining to the King's Bed-
chamber: the word stole signifies a robe of honour.
WORC
YORK
( 241 )


Berkeley, Esq., of Bruton Ab-
bey, Somerset (deceased), in , 1769
H. Ap. John, born 11th Jan. , 1777
Rel, Father to Rear Admiral Philip
Wodehouse; and to the Hon. John
Wodehouse, Lord Lieut., &c., of
Norfolk.
Co. Se. Kimberley Hall, Norfolk.
WESTMEATH, Marquess of,
Y. Of C. 1822
A Representative Peer of Ireland, elected
for life, in February, 1831.
N. & S. George-Thomas-John Nugent.
O. T. L. P. Baron Delvin.
Offi. A Governor of Westmeathshire,
and Colonel of its Militia.
Co. Se. Castletown-Delvin, and Clonyn,
Westmeathshire; and Clonteen, Ros-
commonshire.
207. WORCESTER, Lord Bishop of,
translated from Hereford in . 1808
N. & S. Rt. Rev. Folliot-Herbert-Wal-
ker Cornewall, D.D.
Cons. Bishop of Bristol in . . . 1797
Trans, to Hereford . . . . . 1803
O. Offi. Rector of Hartlebury.
Co. Se. Palace, Worcester; Hartlebury
Castle, Worcestershire.
N. B. The diocese of this prelate is in
the Province of Canterbury, and is
confined to part of Worcestershire and
part of Warwickshire.
394. WYNFORD, Baron,
of W. Eagle, Dorsetshire. Y. of C. 1829
N. & S. William-Draper Best.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Deputy Speaker of the House of
Peers.
Late Lord Chief-Justice of the Court
of Common Pleas.
Co. Se. Leesons, St. Paul's Cray, Kent.
303. YARBOROUGH, Baron,
of Y. Lincolnshire, G. B., Y. of C. 1794
N. & S. Charles-Anderson Pelham,
D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.S.A.
Offi. Recorder of the Boroughs of New-
port and Grimsby.
Bn. 8th Aug. . . . . . . . 1781
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, 23d
Sept. . . - 1823
Mar. Henrietta - Ann. - Maria-
Charlotte, 2d dr. of the Hon.
John-Bridgeman Simpson(son of
the 1st Baron Bradford), 11th
Aug. (deceased) . . . 1806
H. Ap. Charles-Anderson Wors-
ley, born 12th April . . . . 1809
To, Res. 17, Arlington-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Appledurcombe Park, Isle of
Wight; and Brocklesby Hall, Lin-
colnshire. -
Rel. His Lordship's children are cousins
to the Earl of Bradford.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Newtown,
in the Isle of Wight.

7. YORK, Lord Archbishop of,
translated from Carlisle . . . . 1807
Primate of England.
N. & S. Rt. Hon. and Most Rev. Ed-
ward-Venables Vernon, D.C.L.
Cons. Bishop of Carlisle . 1791
O. Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Lord High Almoner to the King.
Visitor of Queen's College, Oxford.
A Governor of the Charter-house.

Bn, 10th Oct. . . . . . . 1757
Mar. Anne, 3d dr. of Granville,
1st Marquess of Stafford . . 1784
Eldest Son, George-Granville-Venables
Vernon, Esq., M.P. for Lichfield
(married to Elizabeth, eld.dr. of Rich-
ard, 2d Earl of Lucan.)
To. Res. 40, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Bishops—Thorpe Palace, near
York.
Rel. His Grace is 6th son of George
Venables Vernon, Esq., created 1st
Baron Vernon in 1762 : father to the
Member for Lichfield : uncle to the
present Lord Vernon; to the lady
of the Rev. Brooke Boothby, Pre-
bendary of Southwell; and to the Hon.
Henry-Sedley-V. Vernon, Lieut. Col.
in the Grenadier Guards: grand uncle
to the Hon. George-John-V. Vernon:
bro.-in-law to the present Marquess of
Stafford; to Viscount Granville; to
the Duchess of Beaufort; and to the
Countess of Harrowby.
N. B. The Province of the Archbishop
of York contains the Dioceses of York,
Durham, Carlisle, Chester, and Sodor
and Mann; the Prelate's own diocese
consisting of the greater part of York-
shire and all Nottinghamshire.


399, ZOUCHE, Baroness,
of Harringworth Y. of C. 1308
N. & S. Harriet-Anne-Bishop Curzon.
I I
ZOUC ( 242 ) ZOUC
Bn. 7th Sept. . . . . . . . 1787 | Co. Se. Parham Park, Sussex.
Suc. her father, as 1st Baroness, Rel. Sister to the lady of Capt. Pechell,
11th Nov. . . . . . . . 1828 R.N. : her ladyship's husband is uncle
Mar. the Hon. Robert Curzon, to Earl Howe: bro.-in-law to Baroness

M.P. for Clitheroe, 14th Oct. 1808 Howe, and Dugdale-Stratford Dug-
H. Ap. Robert, born 16th March 1810 dale, Esq., M.P. for Warwickshire:
To. Res. 24, Upper Brook-street. cousin to Baron Scarsdale.
THE
PEERS AND PEERESSES OF SCOTLAND
IN THE ORDER IN WIHICH THEY STAND ON THE
ELECTION R O L L ;
AND THE
SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL LORDS, AND
PEERESSES OF IRELAND,
ACCORDING TO THEIR
oRDER OF PRECEDENCE;
WITH
PERSONAL NOTICES IN EVERY CASE WHEREIN THE INDIVIDUAL IS NOT
A REPRESENTATIVE PRELATE OR PEER, NOR POSSESSES A SEAT
IN THE HOUSE OF LORDS BY BEING LIKE WISE A PEER OF
ENGLAND, GREAT BRITAIN, OR THE UNITED KINGDOM.
PEERS AND PEERESSES OF SCOTLAND.
DUKES.
Created.
1. HAMILTON, Duke of - - - - - April 12, 1643
(His Grace being Duke of Brandon in the
Peerage of Great Britain, refer to that dig-
nity in the Alphabetical Descriptive List,
for particulars.)
2. BUccLEUGH and QUEEN’s BERRY, Duke of (Earl of
Doncaster, G. B.) . - April 20, 1673
3. LENNox, Duke of (Duke of Richmond, G. B.) . Sept. 9, 1675
4. GoRDoN, Duke of (Earl of Norwich, G. B.) . Nov. 1, 1684
5. AR GYLL, Duke of (Baron Sundridge, G. B.) - June 3, 1701
6. ATHoll, Duke of (Earl Strange, G.B.) . ... June 30, 1703
7. Mont Rose, Duke of (Earl Graham, G. B.) - April 24, 1707
8. RoxBURGHE, Duke of April 25, 1707
N. & S. James-Henry Innes-Kerr.
O. T. Marquess of Beaumont and Cesford.
Co. Se. Fleurs Castle, Roxburghshire; & Brox-
mouth, Haddingtonshire.
His Grace is a MINort.
MARQUESSES.
9. QUEEN’s BERRY, Marquess of - - -
(A Representative Peer. Refer to the Alpha-
betical Descriptive List for particulars.)
10. Twº EDDALE, Marquess of (a Representative Peer). Dec. 17, 1694
11. LothiaN, Marquess of (Baron Ker, U.K.) . June 23, 1701
Feb. 11, 1682
EARLS, and COUNTESSES (in their own right).
12. Suth ERLAND, Countess of (Marchioness of Stafford, E.P.) 106]
N. & S. Elizabeth Gower-Sutherland.
PEERS OF SCOTLAND. 245
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
Created.
O. T. Baroness Strathnaver - - - - 1245.
Her Ladyship is Premier Countess of Scotland; -
and her Earldom is the most ancient Peerage
in Great Britain.
Co. Se. Dunrobin Castle, Sutherlandshire.
ERRol, Earl of (a Representative Peer). . March 17, 1452
MAR, Earl of - . Aug. 6, 1457
N. & S. John Erskine-Miller.
O. T. Baron Erskine of Alloa.
Co. Se. Alloa House, Clackmananshire.
Rothes, Earl of . - - - -
N. & S. George-William-Evelyn Leslie.
O. T. Baron Leslie.
Offi. A Lieutenant in the 7th Reg. of Foot.
Co. Se. Leslie House, Fifeshire; and Rothes
Castle, Elginshire.
His Lordship is a MINor.
MoR toN, Earl of (a Representative Peer). . Mar. 14, 1457
BUCHAN, Earl of - - - 1469
N. & S. Henry-David Erskine.
O. T. Baron Cardross.
Co. Se. Dryburgh Abbey, Roxburghshire; and
Kirkhill, Linlithgowshire.
EGLINToux, Earl of (Baron Ardrossan, U.K.) . . 1507
CAssilis, Earl of (Baron Ailsa, U.K.) - - . 1509
CAITHNEss, Earl of - - Oct. 2, 1545
N. & S. Alexander Sinclair.
O. T. Baron Herriedale.
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Caithness-shire.
Co. Se. Barrogil Castle, Caithness-shire.
MoRAY, Earl of (Baron Stuart of Castle S., G. B.) Jan. 30, 1562
Home, Earl of (a Representative Peer). . March 4, 1605
STRATHMoR E and KINGHoRN, Earl of . July 10, 1606
N. & S. Thomas-Lyon Bowes.
O. T. Lord Glammis.
Co. Se. Glammis Castle, Forfarshire; Streatlam
Castle, and Gibside, Durham.
ABERcoRN, Earl of (Marquess of Abercorn, G. B., Vis-
count Strabane, I.P.) - - - July 10, 1606
HADDINGroN, Earl of (Baron Melrose, U.K.) March 20, 1619
GALLoway, Earl of (Baron Stewart of Garlies,
G. B.) - - - Sept. 19, 1623
Mar. 20, 1457
246 PEERS OF SCOTLAND.
Created.
27. LAUDERDALE, Earl of (Baron Lauderdale, U.K.) Mar. 14, 1624
28. LoudoN,Countessof (Dow. March. of Hastings, U.K.) May 12, 1633
N. & S. Flora-Rawdon Campbell.
O. T. Baroness Mauchline.
Co. Se. Loudon Castle, Ayrshire.
29. KINNoul, Earl of (Baron Hay, G.B.) . . May 25, 1633
30. DuMFRIEs & BuTE, Earl of (Marquess of Bute, G.B.).Jun. 12,1633
*30. STIRLING, Earl of - - June 14, 1633
N. & S. Alexander Alexander.
O. T. Viscount Canada.
31. ELGIN & KINCARDINE, Earl of (Repres. Peer). Jun. 21, 1633
32. TRAQUAIR, Earl of - - - - . June 23, 1633
N. & S. Charles Stuart.
O. T. Baron Linton.
Co. Se. Traquair Castle, Tweeddale.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
33. WEMyss & MARch, Earl of (Baron Wemyss, U.K.).Jun. 25, 1633
34. DALHous IE, Earl of (Baron Dalhousie, U.K.) June 29, 1633
35. AIRLIE, Earl of . - - - - - April 2, 1639
N. & S. David Ogilvy. -
O. T. Baron Ogilvy.
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Forfarshire.
Co. Se. Airlie Castle, Forfarshire; and Cluny,
Perthshire.
36. CARNwaTH, Earl of . - - -
N. & S. Robert-Alexander Dalzell.
O. T. Baron Dalzell and Liberton.
Offi. A Major General in the Army.
Co. Se. Glenhay House, Dumfries-shire.
April 20, 1639
37, LEVEN and MELville, Earl of - - . Oct. 11, 1641
N. & S. David Leslie, C.B.
O. T. Lord Balgonie.
Offi. A Captain, Royal Navy.
Co. Se. Melville House, and Balgonie, Fifeshire.
38. Dysart, Countess of . - - - . Aug. 3, 1643
N. & S. Louisa Tollemache.
O. T. Baroness Huntingtower.
Her Ladyship is widow of John MANNERs, Esq.
Co. Se. Ham House, Surrey; and Helmingham
Park, Suffolk.
-
PEERS OF SCOTLAND. 247
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
Created.
SELKIRK, Earl of - - - Aug. 4, 1646
N. & S. Thomas-James Douglas.
O. T. Baron Daer.
Co. Se, St. Mary's Isle, Kirkcudbright.
His Lordship is a MINort.
North Esk, Earl of (a Representative Peer). . Nov. 1, 1647
BALCARRAs, Earl of (Baron Wigan, U.K.) . Jan. 9, 1651
ABoy NE, Earl of (Baron Meldrum, U.K.) . Sept. 10, 1660
NEwBURGH, Earl of . - - - Dec. 31, 1660
N. & S. Thomas-Eyre Livingstone.
O. T. Viscount Kinnaird.
Co. Se. Hassop, Derbyshire; & Slindon, Sussex.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
DUNDoNALD, Earl of . - May 12, 1669
N. & S. Archibald Cochrane.
O. T. Lord Cochrane.
Co. Se. Culross Abbey, Perthshire.

KINToRE, Earl of . - - - -
N. & S. Anthony-Adrian-Keith Falconer.
O. T. Lord Inverury and Halkerston.
Co. Se. Keith Hall, Aberdeenshire; Inglismaldy
and Halkerston, Kincardineshire.
BREADALBANE, Earl of (Baron Breadalbane, U.K.) June 28, 1677
ABERDEEN, Earl of (Viscount Gordon, U. K.) . Nov. 30, 1682
DUNMoRE, Earl of - - Aug. 16, 1686
N. & S. George Murray.
O. T. Viscount Fincastle.
Co. Se. Dunmore Park, Stirlingshire; and Glen-
finart, Argyllshire.
June 20, 1677
ORKNEY, Countess of . - - - - Jan. 3, 1696
N. & S. Mary O'Bryen. -
O. T. Viscountess Kirkwall.
Her Ladyship is the widow of the Hon. Thomas
Fitzmaurice.
Co. Se. Taplow Court, Bucks.
SEAFIELD, Earl of - - - -
N. & S. Lewis-Alexander-Grant Ogilvie.
O. T. Viscount Redhaven.
Prof. An Advocate at the Scottish Bar.
Co. Se. Castle Grant, Inverness-shire; and
Cullen House, Banffshire. -
June 24, 1701
248
PEERS OF SCOTLAND.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
Created.
STAIR, Earl of - - - - - April 8, 1703
N. & S. John-William Dalrymple.
O. T. Viscount Dalrymple.
Co. Se. Stair House, Ayrshire; and Culhorn,
Wigtonshire.
Rose BERRY, Earl of (Baron Roseberry, U.K.) April 10, 1703
GLAsgow, Earl of (Baron Ross, U.K.). . April 12, 1703
PoRTMoRE, Earl of - - - - April 13, 1703
N. & S. Thomas-Charles Colyear.
O. T. Viscount Milsington.
Offi. Colonel of the North Lincoln Militia.
'o. Se. Weybridge, Surrey; and Portmore
Castle, Roxburghshire.
HoPETous, Earl of (Baron Hopetoun and Niddry,
U.K.) . - - April 15, 1703
VISCOUNTS.
FALKLAND, Wiscount . - - - . Nov. 10, 1620
N. & S. Lucius Cary.
Offi. A Capt. in the 7th Reg. of Foot.
A Lord of the Bedchamber.
Co. Se. Worley Hall, Berkshire.
Rel. Son-in-law to His Majesty.
. Stormont, Viscount (Earl of Mansfield, G. B.) Aug. 16, 1621
KENMURE, Wiscount - - - - . May 8, 1633
N. & S. John Gordon.
Offi. Vice-Lieut. of Kirkcudbright Stewartry.
Co. Se. Kenmure Castle, Kirkcudbright.
ARBUTHNot, Viscount (a Representative Peer) Nov. 16, 1641
DUNBLANE, Viscount (Duke of Leeds, in England) Feb. 2, 1673
STRATHALLAN, Wiscount (a Representative Peer) Sept. 6, 1686
BARONS.
For BEs, Baron (a Representative Peer) - - . 1440
SALToun & ABERNETHY, Baron (a Representative
Peer) . - - - . June 28, 1445
GRAY, Baron (a Representative Peer) - - . 1445
PEERS OF SCOTLAND. 249
Created.
65. CATHcART, Baron (Earl Cathcart, U. K.). - - 1447
66. SINCLAIR, Baron (a Representative Peer) . Jan. 26, 1489
67. SEMPLE, Baron - - - - - - . 1493
N. & S. Selkirk Semple.
Co. Se. Semple House, Renfrewshire.
68. ElPHINstone, Baron - - - - - . 1509
N. & S. John Elphinstone.
Offi. An Officer in the Royal Horse Guards.
Co. Se. Cumbernauld House, Dumbartonshire.
69. Som ERVILLE, Baron . - - - - - . 1430
N. & S. Mark Somerville.
To. Res. 28, Hill-street, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Langlee and Melrose, Roxburghshire;
and Somerville-Aston, Gloucestershire.
70. Tor PHIcHEN, Baron . - - - - - . 1564
N. & S. James Sandilands.
Co. Se. Calder House, Midlothian.
71. BLANTYRE, Baron . - July 10, 1606
72.
73.
. Aston, Baron
. REAY, Baron
N. & S. Charles-Walter Stuart. -
Co. Se. Erskine House and Blantyre, Renfrew-
shire; and Lenoxlove, Haddingtonshire.
His Lordship is a MINor.
Colville, Baron (a Representative Peer) . April 25, 1609
CRANstoun, Baron Nov. 17, 1609
N. & S. James-Edward Cranstoun.
Res. Cranstoun House, St. Christophers, in
the West Indies.
His Lordship is a MINort.
. NAPIER, Baron (a Representative Peer) . . May 4, 1627
. FAIR FAx, Baron
- - - - - . Oct. 18, 1627
N. & S. The Rev. Bryan Fairfax.
Res. Virginia, North America.
- - - - - Nov. 28, 1627
N. & S. The Rev. Walter-Hutchinson Aston.
Offi. Rector of Hartfield, Sussex.
Vicar of Tardebigg, Worcestershire, and of
Tamworth, Warwickshire.
Co. Se. Broomsgrove, Worcestershire.
- - - - . June 20, 1628
N. & S. Eric Mº Kay.
To. Res. 16, St. James's-place, St. James's.
Co, Se, Tongue and Skibo, Sutherlandshire.
PEERS OF SCOTLAND.
78.
79.
80.
81.
82.
8
3
84.
85.
86.
. Rollo, Baron
Created.
For REstER, Baron (Earl of Verulam, U.K., and
Viscount Grimston, I.P.) . - . July 22, 1633
KIRKCUDBRIGHT, Baron - June 25, 1633
N. & S. Camden-Grey Macleſian.
ELIBANK, Baron . - - - -
N. & S. Alexander-Oliphant Murray.
Co. Se. Darn Hall, Peebles-shire; and Ballen-
crief, Haddingtonshire.
Mar. 18, 1643
BELHAven AND STENToN, Baron (a Representative
Peer) - - - - - . Dec. 15, 1647
DUFFUs, Baron - - - - - Dec. 8, 1650
N. & S. Benjamin-Dunbar Sutherland.
Co. Se. Hempriggs, and Achergill Tower, Caith-
ness-shire.
- - Jan. 10, 1651
N. & S. John Rollo.
Co. Se. Duncruib, Perthshire.
RUTHVEN, Baron - - - -
N. & S. James Ruthven. -
Co. Se. Freeland House, Perthshire.
NAIRNE, Baron . - - -
N. & S. William-Murray Nairne.
Co. Se. Strathaird, Inverness-shire.
1651
Jan. 27, 1681
KINNAIRD, Baron . - - - -
N. & S. George-William-Fox Kinnaird.
Offi. An Officer in the 1st Life Guards.
To. Res. 5 A., Mansion House, Albany.
Co. Se. Kinnaird House and Rossie Priory,
Perthshire.
Dec. 28, 1682
THE
SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL LORDS
OF
IRE LAN ID.
PRINCES OF THE ROYAL BLOOD.
Created.
87. ARMAGH, Earl of (Duke of Cumberland, G.B.) April 23, 1799
88. CoNNAUGHT, Earl of (Duke of Gloucester, G.B.) Nov. 14, 1764
ARCHIBISHOPS.
Consecrated.
89. ARMAGH, Lord Archbishop of . - - - 1822
N. & S. The Rt. Hon. and Most Rev. Lord
John-George-De-la-Poer Beresford, D.D.
Primate of all Ireland.
O. Offi. Prelate of the Order of St. Patrick.
Lord Almoner.
A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manufacture.
Cons. Bishop of Cork . - - - ... in 1806
Trans. to Raphoe . - - - - ... in 1807
to Dublin . - - - - ... in 1820
to Armagh . - in 1822
To. Res. 30, Charles-street, St. James's.
Co. Res. Archiepiscopal Palace, Armagh.
Rel. Uncle to the Marquess of Waterford (to which
refer); cousin to the Bishop of Kilmore.
Parl. Pat. Returns the Member for Armagh.
90. DuBLIN, Lord Archbishop of . -

N. & S. Rt. Hon. and Most Rev. william
Magee, D.D., F.R.S.
1819
252
PEERS OF IRELAND.
- Consecrated.
Metropolitan and Primate of Ireland.
O. Offi. Bishop of Glandelagh.
Chancellor of the Order of St. Patrick.
Visitor of Trinity College, Dublin.
A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Cons. Bishop of

- - - - ... in 1819
Res. Stephen's Green, and Tallagh Castle, Dublin.
91. CAs HEL, Lord Archbishop of (Primate of Munster, and
92. TuAM, Lord Archbishop of
93.
94.
. Downship E, Marquess of (Earl of Hillsborough,
G. B.) - - -
96.
97.
98.
99.
100
10 |
102
a Representative Prelate for Session 1831) . 1822
- - - - - 1802
M. & S. The Rt. Hon. and Most Rev. Power-
le-Poer Trench, D.D.
Primate of Connaught.
O. Offi. Bishop of Ardagh.
Cons. Bishop of Waterford . • . . . in 1802
Trans. to Elphin . - - - - . in 1810
to Tuam • - - - - . in 1819
Res. Palace, Tuam.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Clancarty.
DUKE.
Created.
LEINstER, Duke of (Viscount Leinster, G.B.) Nov. 16, 1766
MARQUESSES.
WATERFord, Marquess of (Baron Tyrone, G.B.) Aug. 19, 1789
- - Aug. 19, 1789
DoNEGAL, Marquess of (Baron Fisherwick, G.B.) June 27, 1791
Drogheda, Marquess of (Baron Moore, U.K.) June 27, 1791
WELLEs LEY, Marquess (Baron Wellesley, G.B.) Dec. 2, 1799
ThomoND, Marquess of (Baron Tadcaster, U.K.,
and a Representative Peer) - . Dec. 29, 1800
HEAD Fort, Marquess of . - - . Dec. 29, 1800
N. & S. Thomas Taylour.
O. T. Earl of Bective.
Offi. A Governor of Meathshire.
Co. Se. Headfort House, and Bective Castle,
Meathshire.
Sligo, Marquess of (Baron Monteagle, U. K.) Dec. 29, 1800
Ely, Marquess of (Baron Loftus, U.K.) . . Dec. 29, 1800
PEERS OF IRELAND. 253
Created.
103. LoNDoNDERRY, Marquess of (Earl Vane, U. K.) Jan. 22, 1816
104. Conyngh AM, Marquess (Baron Minster, U.K.,
and a Representative Peer) . - . Jan. 22, 1816
105. WestMEATH, Marquess of (a Representative Peer) Jan. 12, 1822
106, ORMoNDE, Marquess of (Baron Ormonde, U.K.) Oct. 5, 1825
107. CLANRicARDE, Marquess of (Bar. Somerhill, U.K.) Oct. 5, 1825
EARLS, and COUNTESS (in her own right).
108. Cork AND ORRERY, Earl of (Baron Boyle, G.B.) Oct. 26, 1620
109. Roscom Mon, Earl of - - - - - Aug. 5, 1622
N. & S. Michael-James-Robert Dillon.
O. T. Lord Kilkenny-West.
110. Desmond, Earloſ (Earl of Denbigh, in England) Nov. 22, 1622
ll 1. MEATH, Earl of - - - April 16, 1627
N. & S. John Brabazon, K. P.
O. T. Lord Ardee.
Offi. Custos Rotulorum of Wicklowshire.
Res. Dublin.
Co. Se. Killruddery House, Wicklow ; and
Eaton Court, Herefordshire.
112. FINGALL, Earl of - - - -
N. & S. Arthur-James Plunkett, K. P.
O. T. Lord Killeen.
Offi. A Visitor and Trustee of the Royal Ca-
tholic College of St. Patrick, Maynooth.
Res. Great Denmark-street, Dublin.
Co. Se. Killeen Castle, Meathshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
113. CAvAN, Earl of - - - - . April 30, 1647
N. & S. Richard-Ford-William Lambart, K. C.
O. T. Viscount Kilcoursie.
Off. A General in the Army.
Col. of the 45th Regt. of Foot.
Gov. of Calshot Castle.
Co. Se. Eaglehurst House, Hampshire.
114. WATERFord and WExFor D, Earl of (Earl of Shrews-
bury, in England) - - - . July 17, 1661
115. GRANARD, Earl of (Baron Granard, U.K.) . Dec. 30, 1684
Sept. 26, 1628
PEERS OF IRELAND.
| 16.
117.
118.
119.
120.
Created.
ATHLoNE, Earl of . - - - . March 4, 1691
N. & S. George-Godart-Henry De Ginkell.
O. T. Lord Aughrim.
Baron de Reede and Ginkell, &c. in Holland.
Res. Amerongen Castle, Utrecht, Holland.
Fitzwilliam, Earl (Earl Fitzwilliam, G.B.) . July 21, 1717
KERRY and SHE LBURNE, Earl of (Marquess of
Lansdowne, G. B.) . - - . Jan. 17, 1722
DARNLEY, Earl of (Baron Clifton in England) June 29, 1725
EGMont, Earl of (Baron Lovell & Holland, G.B.) Nov. 6, 1733
121. BesBorough, Earl of (Baron Ponsonby, of Sysonby,
G.B.) - - - - - . Oct. 6, 1739
122. CARRick, Earl of (a Representative Peer) . June 10, 1748
123. SHANNoN, Earl of (Baron Carleton, G. B.) - April 17, 1756
124. LANEs Borough, Earl of - - - . July 20, 1756
N. & S. Brinsley Butler.
O. T. Lord Newtown.
Co. Se. Hill House, Gloucestershire; and Bel-
vedere House, Westmeath.
125. FIFE, Earl of (Baron Fife, U.K.) - - April 26, 1759
126.
127.
128.
129.
130.
LUDLow, Earl - - - - -
N. & S. George-James Ludlow, G.C.B.
O. T. Viscount Preston.
Offi. A General, and Col. of the 38th Reg.
Lieut. Gov. of Berwick.
To. Res. 15, New Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Ardsalla,Meathshire; & Cople, Bedfordsh.
May 1, 1761
Oct. 3, 1760
Tyrconnel, Earl of . - -
N. & S. John-Delaval Carpenter.
O. T. Viscount Carlingford.
Co. Se. Kiplin Park, N. Riding of Yorkshire.

Moira, Earl of (Marquess of Hastings, U.K.) Jan. 30, 1762
ARRAN, Earl of . - - - April 12, 1762
N. & S. Arthur-Saunders Gore.
O. T. Viscount Sudley.
To. Res. 10, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Saunders Court, Wexfordshire; Heron
Hall, Essex; and Arran Lodge, Sussex.
CourrowN, Earl of (Baron Saltersford, G. B.) April 12, 1762
PEERS OF IRELAND.
255
131.
132.
133.
134.
135.
136.
137.
138.
139.
140.
141.
142.
Created.
MILtown, Earl of - - - - . May 10,
N. & S. Joseph Leeson.
O. T. Viscount Russborough.
Co. Se. Russborough House, Wicklow.
CHARLEMont, Earl of (a Representative Peer) Dec. 23,
MExpoRough, Earl of - - - . Feb. 11,
N. & S. John Saville.
O. T. Viscount Pollington.
To. Res. 102, Piccadilly.
lo. Se. Methley Hall, Yorkshire.
WINTERTon, Earl of . - -
N. & S. Edward-Garth Turnour.
O. T. Viscount Turnour.
Co. Se. Shillinglee Park, Surrey.
HowTH, Earl of . - - -
N. & S. William St. Lawrance.
O. T. Viscount St. Lawrance.
Co. Se.. Howth Castle, near Dublin.
KINGston, Earl of (Baron Kingston, U.K., also a
Representative Peer) . - -
SEFToM, Earl of . - - - -
N. & S. William-Philip Molyneux.
O. T. Viscount Molyneux.
Offi. M. P. for Droitwich.
To. Res. 21, Arlington-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Croxteth Hall, Lancashire; and Stoke
Farm, near Windsor.
Rode N, Earl of (Baron Clanbrasill, U.K.) . Dec. 1,
LIs BURNE, Earl of - - - - . July 10,
N. & S. John Vaughan.
O. T. Lord Vaughan.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Lisburne House, Devonshire; and Cross-
wood, Cardiganshire.
CLAN william, Earl of (Baron Clanwilliam, U.K.) July 20,
NUGENT, Earl (Duke of Buckingham, U.K.) . July 21,
Feb. 9,
Aldborough, Earl of . - - -
N. & S. Benjamin-O'Neale Stratford.
O. T. Viscount Amiens.
Off. A Governor of Wicklowshire.
Co. Se. Belan Hall, Kildare; Stratford Lodge,
Wicklowshire; and Mount Neale,Carlowshire.
Feb. 12,
Sept. 3,
Aug. 25,
Nov. 30,
1763
1763
1766

1766
1767
1768
1771
1771
1776
1776
1776
1777
256 PEERS OF IRELAND.
151.
152.
153.
154.
. ERNE, Earl of
Created.
143. MoUNT-CAsh EL, Earl of (a Representative Peer) Jan. 5, 1781
144. ANTRIM, Countess of . - - - June 19, 1785
N. & S. Anne-Catherine Macdonnell.
O. T. Viscountess Dunluce.
Co. Se. Wynyard House, Durham; and Glen-
arm Castle, Antrimshire.
Rel. Wife of Edmund Macdonnell, Esq. : mo-
ther of the Marchioness of Londonderry.
145. LoNG form, Earl of (Baron Silchester, U. K., and
a Representative Peer) - June 20, 1785
146. PortARLINGToN, Earl of . - - . June 21, 1785
N. & S. John Dawson.
O. T. Viscount Carlow.
Offi. A Lieut. in the 74th Foot.
Co. Se. Emo Park, Queen's County.
Parl. Pat. Returns the Mem. for Portarlington.
147. MAyo, Earl of (a Representative Peer) . . June 24, 1785
148. ANNEs LEY, Earl - - - - Aug. 18, 1789
N. & S. William-Richard Annesley.
O. T. Viscount Glerawley.
Offi. A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manufacture.
Co. Se. Castlewellan, Downshire.
149. ENNIskiLLEN, Earl of (Baron Grinstead, U. K.,
also a Representative Peer) - . Aug. 18, 1789
- - - - - . Aug. 18, 1789
N. & S. Abraham Creighton.
O. T. Viscount Creighton.
Co. Se. Crum-Castle, Fermanagh.
Carysfort, Earl of (Baron Carysfort, U.K.) - Aug. 18, 1789
Kilkenny, Earl of . - - - . Dec. 20, 1793
N. & S. Edmund Butler.
O. T. Viscount Mountgarret.
Co. Se. Ballycondra, Kilkennyshire.
Mount Norris, Earl of - - -
N. & S. George Annesley, F.A.S.
O. T. Viscount Valentia.
Offi. A Governor of Wexfordshire.
Co. Se. Camolin Park, Wexfordshire; and
Arley Hall, Staffordshire.
DesART, Earl of - - - -
N. & S. John-Otway-O'Connor Cuffe.
O. T. Viscount Castle-Cuffe.
Co. Se. Desart, Kilkennyshire.
His Lordship is a MINor.
Dec. 20, 1793
Dec. 20, 1793
PEERS OF IRELAND, 257
155,
156.
157.
158.
159.
| 60.
| 61.
| 62.
| 63.
164.
165.
| 66.
167.
Created.
CLoNMEL, Earl of - - - - . Dec. 20, 1793
N. & S. Thomas Scott.
O. T. Baron Earlsfort. -
To, Res. 41, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Weston House, Warwickshire; and
Lisson-Earl, Tipperaryshire.
Wicklow, Earl of (a Representative Peer) . Dec. 20, 1793
CLARE, Earl of (Baron Fitzgibbon, G. B.) . June 10, 1795
LEITRIM, Earl of - - - Oct. 6, 1795
N. & S. Nathaniel Clements.
O. T. Viscount Clements.
Offi. Cust. Rot. of Leitrim and Donegalshires,
A Gov. of Donegalshire.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manufacture.
Port-Searcher of Dublin.
To. Res. 6, Great Cumberland-street.
Co. Se. Killadoon, Kildareshire; and Manor
Hamilton, Leitrimshire.
LucAN, Earl of (a Representative Peer) - Oct. 6, 1795
BELMoRE, Earl of (a Representative Peer) . Nov. 14, 1797
LLANDAFF, Earl of . - - Nov. 14, 1797
N. & S. Francis-James Mathew.
O. T. Viscount Mathew.
Co. Se. Thomastown House, Tipperary,
O'NEIL, Earl (a Representative Peer) . . Aug. 7, 1800
BANDoN, Earl of - Aug. 7, 1800
N. & S. James Bernard. -
O. T. Viscount Bernard.
Viscount and Baron Bandon.
Co. Se. Castle Bernard, near Bandon, Cork-
shire; and Basingbourne Hall, Essex.
CASTLE-STEwART, Earl of - - . Dec. 29, 1800
N. & S. Robert Stewart.
O. T. Viscount Stewart.
Co. Se. Stewart Hall, Tyroneshire.
DoNough MoRE, Earl of (Visc. Hutchinson, U.K.) Dec. 29, 1800
CALEdoN, Earl of (a Representative Peer) . Dec. 29, 1800
KENMARE, Earl of - - - - - Dec. 29, 1800
N. & S. Valentine Browne, -
O. T. Viscount Castlerosse.
Offi. A Trustee of the College of St. Patrick, Maynooth.
Co. Se. Castle Rosse, Kerryshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
258
PEERS OF IRELAND.
168.
169.
170.
171.
I72.
173.
174.
175.
176.
177.
178.
179.
180.
LIMERICK, Earl of (Baron Fowford, U.K., also
a Representative Peer) - - . Feb.
CLANCARTY, Earl of (Viscount Clancarty, U. K.,
Created.
11, 1803
also a Representative Peer) - . Feb. 11, 1803
Gosford, Earl of (a Representative Peer) . Feb.
RossE, Earl of (a Representative Peer) . . Feb.
Feb.
Normanton, Earl of - -
N. & S. Wellbore-Agar Ellis.
O. T. Viscount Somerton.
To. Res. 3, Seymour-place, Park-lane.
Co. Se. Ditchley Park, Oxfordshire.
CHARLEvil LE, Earl of (a Representative Peer) Feb.
BANTRY, Earl of - - - - . Jan.
N. 3's Richard white.
O. T. Viscount Beerhaven.
Co. Se. Bantry House, Corkshire.
GLENGALL, Earl of (a Representative Peer) . Jan.
SHEFFIELD, Earl of (Baron Sheffield, U.K.) . Jan.
Kilmor Ey, Earl of - -
N. & S. Francis Needham.
O. T. Viscount Newry and Morne.
Off. A General, and Col. of the 86th Regt.
Co. Se. Morne Park, Downshire; and Sha-
vington, Shropshire.
Parl. Pat. Returns the Member for Newry.
RATHDowne, Earl of - - - . Jan.
N. & S. Henry-Stanley Monck.
O. T. Viscount Monck.
Co. Se. Charleville, Wicklow ; and Ballytram-
mon, Wexfordshire.
Listowel, Earl of . -
N. & S. William Hare.
O. T. Viscount Ennismore.
To. Res. Kingston House, Knightsbridge.
Co. Se. Listowel Castle, Kerryshire; Conva-
more, Corkshire; & Ringston House, Mid-
dlesex.
DUNRAven and MoUNTEARL, Earl of - Jan.
N. & S. Wyndham-Henry-Wyndham Quin.
O. T. Viscount Adare.
Off. Cust. Rot. of Limerickshire.
Co. Se. Dunraven Castle, Glamorganshire;
and Adare Abbey, Limerickshire.
Jan.
Jan.
10, 1806
10, 1806
10, 1806
20, 1806
22, 1816
22, 1816
22, 1816
12, 1822
12, 1822
12, 1822
12, 1822
PEERS OF IRELAND. 259
181.
183.
184.
185.
186.
187.
188.
189.
190.
Created.
NorBURy, Earl of - - - - . June 25, 1827
N. & S. John Toler.
O. T. Viscount Glandine.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manufacture.
Res. Dublin.
Co. Se. Cabragh House, Dublinshire.
VISCOUNTS.
. GoRMANston, Viscount . - - - Aug. 7, 1478
N. & S. Jenico Preston.
Offi. A Trustee of St. Patrick's College, May-
nooth.
Co. Se. Gormanston Castle, Meathshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
GRAND1son, Viscount (Earl of Jersey, E. P.) Jan. 3, 1620
DiLLoN, Viscount - - - - March 16, 1621
N. & S. Henry-Augustus-Dillon Lee.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Ditchley Hall, Oxfordshire; and
Loughlyn House, Roscommonshire.
LUMLEy, Viscount (Earl of Scarborough, E.P.) July 12, 1628
STRANGroRD, Viscount, (Baron Penshurst, U.K.) July 17, 1621
TAAFE, Viscount - - - Aug. 1, 1628
N. & S. Rhodolphus Taaffe.
O. T. A Count of the Holy Roman Empire.
Res. Elischaw Castle, Bohemia.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
RANELAGH, Viscount - - - - Aug. 25, 1628
N. & S. Thomas Heron Jones.
Co. Se. Fulham, Middlesex.
His Lordship is a MINor.
Fitzwill IAM, Viscount - - - . Aug. 5, 1629
N. & S. John Fitzwilliam, F.R.S.
Co. Se. Richmond Green, Surrey.
KINGsland, Viscount - - - . June 29, 1646
N. & S. Matthew Barnewall.
Co, Se, Turvey House, near Dublin.
260
PEERS OF IRELANI).
191.
192.
| 93.
194.
195.
196.
197.
198.
199.
200.
20 l.
202.
203.
Created.
MAsser ENE, Viscount, - - - Nov. 21, 1660
N. & S. Skeffington.
Co. Se. Antrim Castle, Antrimshire; and Oriel
Temple, Louthshire,
His Lordship, who is a MINor, is son to
Viscount FERRARD (to which refer.)
Cholmond ELEY, Wiscount (Marquess of Cholmon-
deley, U. K.) - - - March 29, 1661
Dow NE, Viscount (Baron Dawnay, G. B.) - Feb. 19, 1680
STRABANE, Viscount (Marquess of Abercorn, G. B.
and Earl of Abercorn, S. P.) - . Dec. 2, 1701
Molesworth, Viscount - - - July 16, 1716
N. & S. Richard Pigot Molesworth.
Co. Se. Breedenstoun, & Swordes, near Dublin.
June 29, 1717
CHETwynd, Viscount - - -
N. & S. Richard-Walter Chetwynd.
Co. Se. North-Aston Park, Oxfordshire.
MIDLEToN, Wiscount (Baron Brodrick, G.B.) Aug. 15, 1717
BoyNE, Viscount . - - Aug. 20, 1717
N. & S. Gustavus Hamilton.
To. Res. 15, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Stackallan, Meathshire; and Burwater
Hall, near Ludlow, Shropshire.
ALLEN, Wiscount . - - - Aug. 28, 1717
N. & S. Joshua-William Allen.
Offi. A Military Officer.
Co. Se. Ladytown, Kildareshire.
GRIMston, Wiscount (Earl Verulam, U. K., and
Baron Forrester, S. P.) - - . May 18, 1719
BARRINGTON, Wiscount - - - July 1, 1720
N. & S. William-Keppel Barrington.
To. Res. 16, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Sedgefield House, Durham; and
Beckett House, Berks.
GaGE, Viscount (Baron Gage, G. B.) - Sept. 14, 1720
PALMERston, Viscount . - - . March 12, 1722
N. & S. Henry-John Temple.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England.
M. P. for Cambridge University.
To. Res. 8, Great Stanhope-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Broadlands Park, Hampshire.
PEERS OF IRELAND. 261
204.
206.
209.
210.
211.
212.
213.
214.
215.
216.
. MoUNTMoRREs, Wiscount . -
Created.
GALway, Viscount . - - - . July 17, 1727
N. & S. William-George-Monckton Arundel.
Co. Se, Serlby Hall, Nottinghamshire.
. Powerscourt, Viscount - - - . Feb. 4, 1743
N. & S. Richard Wingfield.
Co. Se. Powerscourt Castle, Wicklowshire.
His Lordship is a MINor.
As HBR.ook, Wiscount - - - - Sept. 30, 1751
N. & S. Henry Flower.
Co. Se. Castle Durrow, Kilkennyshire; and
Beaumont Lodge, Berkshire.
- June 29, 1763
N. & S. Francis-Hervey De Montmorency.
. DuNGANNoN, Wiscount - - - . Feb. 17, 1766
N. & S. Arthur Hill-Trevor.
To. Res. 3, Grafton-street, Bond-street.
Co. Se. Brinkynalt Castle, Denbighshire.
Southwell, Viscount - - -
N. & S. Thomas-Anthony Southwell.
Co. Se. Hindlip House, Worcestershire; and
Castle Mattress, Limerickshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
July 18, 1776
De Vesci, Viscount - - - - June 19, 1776
N. & S. John Vesey.
Res. Merrion-square, Dublin.
Co. Se. Abbey Leix, Queen's County.
LIFFoRD, Viscount - - - - . Jan. 4, 1781
N. & S. James Hewitt.
Offi. A Commissioner of Excise.
Co. Se, Santry House, Dublinshire.
BANGoR, Viscount - - -
N. & S. Edward-Southwell Ward,
Off. A Lieut. in the Royal Navy.
Co. Se. Castle-Ward, Downshire.
. . Jan. 13, 1781
MELBourne, Wiscount (Baron Melbourne, U.K.) Jan. 11, 1781
CLIF DEN, Viscount (Baron Mendip, G. B.) . Jan. 12, 1781
DoNERALLE, Viscount (a Representative Peer) June 22, 1785
NorthLAND, Viscount (Baron Ranfurly, U.K.) July 5, 1791
262
PEERS OF IRELAND.
217.
218.
219.
220.
221.
222.
223.
224.
225.
226.
227.
Created.
HARBERTon, Viscount . - - . July 5, 1791
N. & S. Henry Pomeroy, F.S.A.
To. Res. 36, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Carbery Castle, Kildareshire.
HAwardEN, Viscount . - - - . Dec. 20, 1793
N. & S. Cornwallis Maude.
Qff. A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manufacture.
Co. Se. Dundrum, Tipperaryshire.
FERRARD, Viscount (Baron Oriel, U.K.) . Nov. 14, 1797
AvonMoRE, Wiscount . - - Dec. 29, 1800
N. & S. Barry-John Yelverton.
Offi. Registrar of the Irish Court of Chancery.
Co. Se. Bellisle, Tipperaryshire.
TEMPLETown, Viscount . - - March 8, 1806
N. & S. John Henry Upton, F.S.A.
To. Res. 10, Hill-street, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Castle Upton, Antrimshire; and Won-
ham, Surrey.
LisMoRE, Viscount . - - May 30, 1806
N. & S. Cornelius O'Callaghan.
Co. Se. Shanbally Castle, Tipperaryshire.
Lorton, Viscount (a Representative Peer) . May 30, 1806
FRANKFoRT, Viscount . - - - Jan. 22, 1816
N. & S. Lodge-Reymond de Montmorency.
Offi. A Lieut. in the 10th Hussars.
Res. Merrion-square, Dublin.
Co. Se. Frankfort, Kilkennyshire; and Mary-
ville, near Dublin.
GoRT, Viscount (a Representative Peer) Jan. 22, 1816
CastLEMAINE, Viscount - - - . Jan. 12, 1822
N. & S. William Handcock.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
A Governor of Westmeathshire.
Constable and Governor of Athlone.
Co. Se. Moydrum Castle, Westmeath.
Parl. Pat. Returns the Member for Athlone.
Guilla MoRE, Viscount, of Cahir Guillamore,
Limerickshire - - - - . Jan. 1831
N. & S. Standish O'Grady.
O. T. Baron O'Grady, of Rockbarton - - 1831
Offi. Lord Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer.
PEERS OF IRELAND.
263
228.
229.
230.
231.
232.
233.
234.
BISHOPS.
Consecrated.
MEATH, Lord Bishop of . - - - -
N. & S. The Right Hon. and Right Reverend
Nathaniel Alexander, D.D.
O. Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manufacture.
Res. Ardbraccon House, Meathshire.
Rel. Cousin to the Earl of Caledon.
KILDARE, Lord Bishop of - - - -
N. & S. The Right Hon. and Right Reverend
Charles Dalrymple Lindsay, D.D.
O. Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Dean of Christ-Church, Dublin.
Rel. Uncle to the Earl of Balcarras.
DERRY, Lord Bishop of . - - - -
N. & S. The Hon. and Rt. Rev. William
Knox, D.D.
O. Offi. A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture.
Res. Down House, Londonderryshire,
Rel. Brother to Viscount Northland.
KILMoRE, Lord Bishop of - - - -
N. & S. The Right Rev. George de la Poer
Beresford, D.D.
O. Offi. A Trustee of the Linen Manufacture.
Res. Kilmore House, Cavanshire.
Rel, Cousin to the Archbishop of Armagh; 2d
cousin to the Marquess of Waterford.
CLoNFERT AND KILMAcDUAGH, Lord Bishop of .
N. & S. The Rt. Rev. Christopher Butson, D.D. -
Res. Clonfert House, Galwayshire.
CLogh ER, Lord Bishop of . - - - -
N. & S. The Rt. Rev. Lord Robert-Ponson-
by-Tottenham Loftus, D.D. -
Res. Clogher Palace, Tyroneshire.
Rel. Brother to the Marquess of Ely.
CoRK AND Ross, Lord Bishop of . - - -
N. & S. The Hon. and Rt. Rev. Thomas St.
Lawrence, D. D.
Res. Bishop's Castle, Cork.
Rel. Uncle to the Earl of Howth.
1801
1803
1794
1802
1804
1804
1807
264
PEERS OF IRELAND.
235.
236.
237.
238,
239.
240.
241.
242.
243.
244,
245.
- Consecrated.
KILLALA AND AchoNRY, Lord Bishop of - - 1810
N. & S. The Rt. Rev. James Verschoyle, D.D.
Res. Killala Castle, Mayoshire.
ELPHIN, Lord Bishop of (a Representative Prelate
for sess. 1831) - - - -
Ossory, Lord Bishop of - - - -
N. & S. The Rt. Rev. Robert Fowler, D.D.
Res. Kilkenny Palace.
Rel. Bro-in-law to the Earl of Kilkenny.
WATERFord AND LISMoRE, Lord Bishop of (a
Representative Prelate for 1831) . - - 1813
1819
1812
1813
DRomoRE, Lord Bishop of . - -
N. & S. Rt. Rev. James Saurin, D. D.
Trans, from in . - - - - 1820
Co. Se. Dromore House, Downshire. -
Down AND CoNNor, Lord Bishop of (a Represent-
ative Prelate for 1831) . - - - 1820
LEIGHLIN AND FERNs, Lord Bishop of . - - 1820
N. & S. The Rt. Rev. Thomas Elrington, D.D.
Res. Ferns Palace, Wexfordshire.
RAPHoe, Lord Bishop of - - - -
N. & S. The Rt. Rev. William Bisset, D.D.
O. Offi. Dean of the Vice Royal Chapel, Dublin.
Res. Bishop's Palace, Raphoe, Donegalshire.
1822
LIMERICK, ARDFERT, AND AGHADoE, Lord Bi- 1822
shop of
N. & S. Rt. Rev. John Jebb, D.D.
Res. Bishop's Palace, Limerick.
CLoyNE, Lord Bishop of - - - - - 1826
N. & S. The Rt. Rev. John Brinkley, D.D. and
F.R.S.
O. Offi. President of the Royal Irish Academy.
Res. Cloyne Palace, Cork.
KILLALof AND KILFENorA, Lord Bishop of . - 1828
N. & S. The Hon. and Right Rev. Richard
Ponsonby, D.D.
Res. Clarisford Palace, Killaloe, Clareshire.
Rel. Brother to Baron Ponsonby of Imokilly.
PEERS OF IRELAND.
265
BARONS, AND BARONESSES (in their own right).
Created.
*245. KINGs ALE, Baron -
246,
247.
248.
249.
250.
251.
252.
253.
254.
255.
256.
N. & S. The Rev. Thomas De Courcy.
O. T. Baron de Courcy and Ringrove.
Co. Se. Kinsale, Corkshire.
TRIMLEston, Baron . - - -
N. & S. John-Thomas Barnewall, M.R.I.A.
Co. Se. Trimleston Castle, Meathshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
DUNSANY, Baron . -
N. & S. Edward Plunkett.
Co. Se. Dunsany Castle, Meathshire,
DUNBoyNE, Baron - - - - - June 11,
N. & S. James Butler,
Co. Se. Ballyvannion, Clareshire.
LowTH, Baron - -
N. & S. Thomas Plunkett.
Co. Se. Lowth Hall, Lowthshire.
His Lordship is a MINor.
D1GBY, Baron (Earl of Digby, G. B.) . July 29,
BLAYNEy, Baron . - - - -
N. & S. Andrew-Thomas Blayney.
Offi, A Lieut. General.
Co. Se. Castle-Blayney, Monaghanshire.
Mar. 4,
I 181
1461
1461
1541
June 15, 1541
1620
July 29, 1621
SHERRARD, Baron (Earl of Harborough, G. B.) July 10, 1627
CoNway and KILLULTAGH, Baron (Marquess of
Hertford, G. B.) - - - - Oct. 16,
CARBERRY, Baron (a Representative Peer) . May 9,
AYLMER, Baron . - - - - -
N. & S. Matthew-Whitworth Aylmer, K.C.B.
Offi. A Lieut. Gen. and Col. of the 56th Reg.
Captain General and Governor in Chief of
Canada and its Dependencies.
Co. Se. Batchacre Park, Staffordshire,
FARNHAM, Baron (a Representative Peer) . May 6,
M. M.
May 1,
1703
1715
1718
1756
266
PEERS OF IRELAND.
257.
258.
259.
260.
261.
262.
263.
264.
265.
266.
267.
268.
269.
270.
Created.
BRANDoN, Baron - - - - Sept. 16, 1758
N. & S. The Rev. William Crosbie, D.D.
Offi. Rector of Castle-Island, Kerryshire.
Res. Fitzwilliam-square, Dublin.
Co. Se. Castle-Island, Kerry.
L1s LE, Baron . - -
N. & S. John Lysaght.
Co. Se. Mountnorth, Corkshire.
Sept. 18, 1758
CLIVE, Baron (Earl of Powis, U.K.) . March 15, 1762
MULGRAVE, Baron (Earl of Mulgrave, U.K.) Sept. 3, 1767
ARDEN, Baron (Baron Arden, U.K.) . . May 23, 1770
NEwBoRough, Baron - July 23, 1776
N. & S. Thomas-John Wynn.
Offi. M.P. for Caernarvonshire.
Co. Se. Glynnllivon Castle, Caernarvonshire.
MACDoNALD, Baron . - - - July 27, 1776
N. & S. Godfrey Bosville-Macdonald.
Offi. A Major General in the Army.
Co. Se. Gunthwaite, Yorkshire; and Armidale,
Isle of Skye, N.B.
KENSINGToN, Baron . - - - . July 28, 1776
N. & S. William Edwardes.
Co. Se. Johnston and Westmead, Pembroke-
shire.
WEstcote, Baron (Baron Lyttleton, G.B.) July 29, 1776
July 30, 1776
ONGLEY, Baron . - - -
N. & S. Robert-Henley Ongley.
To. Res. Langham-place.
Co. Se. Old Warden, Bedfordshire.
MAssy, Baron . - - -
N. & S. Hugh-Hamon Massy.
Co. Se. Hermitage, Limerickshire.
Aug. 4, 1776
RoKEBy, Baron . - - -
N. & S. Matthew Montague.
Co. Se. Monk's Horton, Kent.
MUskERRY, Baron - - - -
N. & S. Matthew-Fitzmaurice Deane.
Co. Se. Springfield Castle, Limerickshire.
Hood, Baron (Viscount Hood, G.B.) . . Sept. 12, 1732
Feb. 26, 1777
Jan. 5, 1781
PEERS OF IRELAND. 267
271.
272.
273.
274.
275.
279.
280.
281,
. WATERPARK, Baron . -
Created.
Rivers DALE, Baron . - - - . Oct. 13, 1783
N. & S. William Tonson.
Offi. A Governor of Corkshire.
Col. of the South-Cork Militia.
Co. Se. Finghurst Manor, Buckinghamshire;
and Linnegar, Corkshire.
MUNCAstER, Baron . - - - . Oct. 21, 1783
N. & S. Lowther-Augustus-John Pennington.
Co. Se. Muncaster Castle, Cumberland, and
Warten Hall, Yorkshire.
Auckland, Baron (Baron Auckland, G.B.) Nov. 16, 1789
KILMAINE, Baron - - - - Nov. 16, 1789
N. & S. John-Cavendish Browne.
Co. Se. Gaulston Park, Westmeath ; and
Neale Park, Mayoshire.
CLoNCURRY, Baron . - - -
N. & S. Valentine-Browne Lawless.
Co. Se. Lyons Castle, Kildare; and Abington,
Limerickshire.
Nov. 16, 1789
. CLoNBRock, Baron - - - - . June 6, 1790
N. & S. Robert Dillon.
Co. Se. Clonbrock, Galwayshire.
. ST. HELENs, Baron (Baron St. Helens, U.K.) . . 1791
- - June 14, 1792
N. & S. Richard Cavendish, F.S.A.
Co. Se. Doveridge Hall, Derbyshire; Water-
park, Corkshire.
GRAves, Baron . - - -
N. & S. William-Thomas Graves.
Offi. A Capt. in the 2d Foot Guards.
To. Res. 5, Hanover-street, Hanover-square.
Co. Se. Bishop's Court, Devonshire.
BRIDPoRT, Baron . -
N. & S. Samuel Hood.
To. Res. 12, Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Cricket Lodge, Somersetshire; and
Redlinch, Wilts.
Rel. Son of Viscount Hood, and son-in-law of
Earl Nelson.
RANcLIFFE, Baron - - - - Oct. 1, 1795
N. & S. George-Augustus-Henry-Anne Parkyns.
Offi. A Capt. in the Army.
M.P. for Nottingham.
Co. Se. Bunney Park, Nottinghamshire.
July 4, 1794
268
PEERS OF IRELAND.
282.
283.
284.
285.
286.
287.
288.
289.
290.
291.
Created.
HUNTINGFIELD, Baron - - - . July 16, 1796
N. & S. Joshua Wanneck.
Co. Se. Heveningham Hall, Suffolk.
Parl. Pat. Returns one Member for Dunwich.
CARRINGTON, Baron (Baron Carrington, G.B.) July 16, 1796
Ross MoRE, Baron - - - -
N. & S. Warner-William Westenra.
Offi. A Gov. and Cust. Rot. of Monaghanshire.
Co. Se. Rossmore Park, Monaghanshire.
Oct. 19, 1796
KEITH, Baroness (Baroness Keith, U.K.) . Mar. 7, 1797
Mar. 7, 1797
HotHAM, Baron . - -
N. & S. Beaumont Hotham.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
M.P. for Leominster.
To. Res. 36, Davies-street, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. South-Dalton House, Yorkshire.
CREMoRNE, Baron - - - - . Nov. 7, 1797
N. & S. Richard Dawson.
Co. Se. Dawson Grove, Monaghanshire; and
Chelsea Farm, Middlesex.
His Lordship is a MINok.
NorwooD, Baron - - - - . Nov. 14, 1797
N. & S. Daniel Toler.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Norbury.
HEADLEY, Baron - - -
N. & S. Charles-Allanson Winn.
To. Res. 43, Lower Brook-street.
Co. Se. Bramham Hall, Yorkshire.
Nov. 14, 1797
TEIGNMoUTH, Baron - -
N. & S. John Shore, F.S.A.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England.
Pres. of the Brit. and Foreign Bible Society.
A Commissioner for the Affairs of India.
To. Res. Portman-square.
Co. Se. Clapham, Surrey.
N.B. This Nobleman succeeded Lord Cornwallis
in the Government of India in 1792.
Nov. 14, 1797
CR ofton, Baron - -
N. & S. Edward Crofton.
Offi. A Capt. in the 7th Dragoons.
Co, Se. Mote Park, Roscommonshire,
Dec. 9, 1797
PEERS OF IRELAND. 269
-
293.
296.
297.
298.
299.
300.
301.
302.
. FFRENCH, Baron
. LANG Ford, Baron -
Created.
- - Feb. 14, 1798
N. & S. Charles Ffrench.
Offi. A Trustee of St. Patrick's College, May-
nooth.
Co. Se. Castle-Ffrench, Galwayshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
HENLEY, Baron . - - - - . Nov. 9, 1799
N. & S. Frederick-Morton Eden, G.C.B.,
F.R.S. -
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England.
To. Res. 46, Hertford-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Russel Farm, Hertfordshire.
- - - July 30, 1800
N. & S. Hercules-Langford Rowley.
Co. Se, Summerhill House, Meathshire.
. DE BLAQUIERE, Baron - - - . July 30, 1800
N. & S. John-Blaquiere.
Co. Se. Portleman, West meath; and Ardkill,
Londonderryshire.
DUFFERIN and CLANEBoy, Baron (a Representa-
tive Peer) July 30, 1800
HENNIKER, Baron - - - . July 30, 1800
N. & S. John-Minet-Henniker Major, D.C.L.
To. Res. 21, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Broadstairs, Kent; Stratford House,
Essex; Major House, and Worlingworth
Hall, Suffolk.
VENTRY, Baron - - - . July 30, 1800
N. & S. Thomas-Townsend-Aremberg Mullins.
Co. Se. Burnham House, Kerry.
WALuscourt, Baron . . . . . . July 30, 1800
N. & S. Joseph Blake.
Qffi. A Captain in the 62d Regt. of Foot.
Co. Se. Ardfry, Galwayshire.
MoUNT-SANDFord, Baron - - . July 30, 1800
N. & S. George Sandford.
Co. Se. Castlerea, Roscommonshire.
DUNALLY, Baron (a Representative Peer) . July 30, 1800
HARTLAND, Baron - - - - . July 30, 1800
N. & S. Thomas Mahon.
Offi. A Gov. of Roscommonshire.
A Lieutenant General.
To. Res. 40, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Stokestown House, Roscommon.
270
PEERS OF IRELAND.
303.
304.
305.
306.
307.
308.
309.
3.10.
3| 1.
Created.
CLANMoRRIs, Baron . - July 30, 1800
N. & S. Denis-Arthur Bingham.
Co. Se. Newbrook, Mayoshire.
RAdstock, Baron - - - - . Dec. 29, 1800
N. & S. Granville-George Waldegrave, C.B.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 18, Baker-street, Portman-square.
GARDNER, Baron (Baron Gardner, U.K.) . Dec. 29, 1800
NUGENT, Baron - - - - Dec. 29, 1800
N. & S. George-Grenville-Nugent Temple.
Offi. M.P. for Aylesbury.
To. Res.
Co. Se. Lilleys, Buckinghamshire.
Rel. Brother to the Duke of Buckingham and
Chandos (to which refer).
Ashtown, Baron - - -
N. & S. Frederick Trench.
To. Res. 17, Hereford-street, Oxford-street.
Co. Se. Chessel House, Hampshire; and Wood-
lawn, Galwayshire.
Dec. 29, 1800
CLARINA, Baron - Dec. 29, 1800
N. & S. Eyre Massey, B.A.
Co. Se. Elm Park, Limerickshire.
RENDLESHAM, Baron . -
N. & S. John Thellusson.
Co. Se. Rendlesham Hall, Woodbridge, Suffolk.
DECIEs, Baron - - - - Dec. 24, 1812
N. & S. The Rev. John-Horsley Beresford, D.D.
Offi. Rector of Tuam.
Co. Se. Bolam House, Northumberland.
Rel. Uncle to the Archbishop of Armagh, and
to the Bishop of Kilmore : grand-uncle to
Earl Annesley; and to the Marquess of
Waterford: father to the Member for Ber-
wick-upon-Tweed.
Feb. 1, 1806

GARVAGH, Baron - - - - . Oct. 28, 1818
N. & S. George Canning, F.R.S. and F.S.A.
To. Res. 41, Hertford-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Garvagh House, Londonderry.
Rel. Cousin to the late Rt. Hon. George Can-
ning; and through him related to the
Marchioness Clanricarde, &c.
PEERS OF IRELAND. 271
Created.
312. Howpen, Baron Oct. 18, 1819
N. & S. John-Francis Cradock, G.C.B. and K.C.
Offi. A Gen. Officer, and Col. of the 43d Regt.
Co. Se. Grimston Park, Tadcaster, and Spald-
ington Hall, near Howden, Yorkshire.
313. Down Es, Baron - - - Dec. 10, 1822
N. & S. Ulysses-Bagenal Burgh, K.C.B.,
K.T.S., and K.S.A.
Offi. A Gov. of Carlowshire.
A Col. and Aide-de-Camp to the King.
To. Res. 87, Pall-Mall.
Co. Se. Bert House, Kildare.
314. Bloom FIELD, Baron . - - . May 11, 1825
N. & S. Benjamin Bloomfield, G.C.B. & K.G.H.
Offi. A Major-Gen., and Col. of the 1st Batt. of
Royal Artillery.
A Privy Councillor in England.
Envoy Eatraordinary and Minister Plenipo-
tentiary at the Court of Sweden.
Res. Stockholm.
Co. Se. Redwood, Tipperary.
Rel. Father to the Hon. John-A.-D. Bloom-
field, Secretary to the same Legation.
-

315. FITzGERALD and VEs Ey, Baroness - . June 27, 1826
N. & S. Catherine Fitzgerald.
Co. Se. Inchicronan, Clareshire.
Rel. Her Ladyship is wife of the Rt. Hon.
James Fitzgerald.
CLASSIFICATION
OF THE
S C O TT IS H P E E R A G E.
8 Dukedoms.
3 Marquesates.
45 Earldoms.
6 Viscounties.
25 Baronies.
87 total number.
OR,
16 Representatives in the present Parliament.
1 Entitled to sit in the House of Lords, as an English Peer.
12 as Peers of Great Britain (since 1707).
16 as Peers of the United Kingdom (since 1800).
45 Peers of Parliament".
42 Electors merely—but possessing all privileges of Peerage,
except sitting in Parliament.
87 total number.
OR,
43 Peers who actually sit and vote in the House of Lords,
4 Peeresses in their own right (all Countesses).
2 Minors, who are, likewise, Peers in England,
5 Minors, Peers of Scotland only.
2 Catholic Peers.
31 Electors merely.
S7 total number.
* There are two Lords, viz. –the Marquess of Abercorn and Earl Verulam, who
are Peers in England, Scotland, and Ireland.
CLASSIFICATION
OF THE
I R H S H P E E R A G E.
2 Royal Earldoms.
4 Archbishopries.
! Dukedom.
14 Marquesates.
74 Earldoms.
46 Viscounties.
18 Bishoprics.
7 Baronies.
230 total number.
OR,
21 Representatives for life merely.
7 Representatives for life, who have seats in the House of
Peers, independent of those for which they were elected.
4 Representative Prelates, for Session 1831.
Entitled to sit in the House of Lords:–
5 as English Peers.
28 as Peers of Great Britain.
28 as Peers of the United Kingdom.
93 who are Peers and Lords of Parliament.
18 Prelates, not in rotation to sit in the House of Lords.
6 Peers possessing seats in the Lower House of Parliament,
being elected thereto as Commoners, but still retaining
the privileges of Peerage.
113 Electors merely, but possessing all privileges of Peerage, ex-
230 total number.
- OR,
cept sitting and voting as Peers of Parliament.
90 Protestant Peers and Prelates who actually sit and vote in
the House of Lords.
4 Peeresses in their own right.
3 Archbishops out of rotation.
15 Bishops out of rotation.
3 Minors, who are likewise English Peers,
6 Minors, Peers of Ireland only.
7 Catholic Peers.
102 Electors merely.
-
230 total number.
24.
42.
35.
142.
199.
148.
144.
261.
89.
87.
129.
206.
307.
116.
273.
220.
255.
41.
163.
212.
174.
201.
81.
160.
121.
251.
314.
198.
257.
IN DE X
TO THE PEER A. G. E.
OF
SCOTL AND AND IR EL AND.
ABER corn. E. of
. Aberdeen, E. of,
Aboyne, E. of,
Airlie, E. of,
Aldborough, E. of,
Allen, V.
Annesley, E.
Antrim, Css of
. Arbuthnot, V.
Arden, B.
. Argyll, D. of
Armagh, Abp of,
Armagh, E. of,
Arran, E. of,
Ashbrook, V.
Ashtown, B.
. Aston, B.
Athlone, E. of
. Atholl, Duke of,
Auckland, B.
Avonmore, V.
Aylmer, B.
Balcarras, E. of,
Bandon, E. of,
Bangor, V.
Bantry, E. of,
Barrington, V.
Belhaven and Stenton, B.
Belmore, E. of,
Besborough, E. of,
. Blantyre, B.
Blayney, B.
Bloomfield, B.
Boyne, V.
Brandon, B.
46.
Breadalbane, E. of,
280. Bridport, B.
17.
20.
. Buccleugh and Queensberry, D. of,
Buchan, E. of,
Caithness, E. of,
166. Caledon, E. of,
254.
Carberry, B.
36. Carnwath, E. of,
122.
283.
151.
91.
19.
226.
164.
65.
113.
Carrick, E. of,
Carrington, B.
Carysfort, E. of,
Cashell, Abp. of,
Cassilis, E. of,
Castlemain, W.
Castle-Stewart, E. of,
Cathcart, B.
Cavan, E. of.

132. Charlemont, E. of,
173.
196.
192.
169.
303.
107.
Charleville, E. of,
Chetwynd, V.
Cholmondeley, V.
Clancarty, E. of,
Clanmorris, B.
Clanricarde, M. of,
140. Clanwilliam, E. of,
157.
308
214.
259.
233
Clare, E. of,
. Clarina, B.
Clifden, V.
Clive, B.
. Clogher, Bp. of,
276. Clonbrock, B.
275. Cloncurry, B.
232. Clonfert and Kilmacduagh, Bp. of,
155
. Clonmell, E. of,
244. Cloyne, Bp. of,
INDEX TO THE PEERAGE. 275
72. Colville, B.
88. Connaught, E. of,
253. Conway and Killultagh, B.
104. Conyngham, M. of,
234. Cork and Ross, Bp. of,
108. Cork and Orrery, E. of,
130. Courtown, E. of,
73. Cranstown, B.
287. Cremorne, B.
291. Crofton, B.
34. Dalhousie, E. of,
119. Darnley, E. of,
295. De Blaquiere, B.
310. Decies, B.
230. Derry, Bp. of
154. Desart, E. of,
110. Desmond, E. of,
210. De Vesci, V.
250. Digby, B.
184. Dillon, V.
96. Donegal, M. of,
215. Doneraile, V.
165. Donoughmore, E. of,
240. Down and Connor, Bp. of
193. Downe, V.
313. Downes, B.
95. Downeshire, M. of,
97. Drogheda, M. of,
239. Dromore, Bp. of,
90. Dublin, Abp. of,
296. Dufferin and Claneboy, B.
82. Duffus, B.
30. Dumfries and Bute, E. of,
60. Dumblane, V.
301. Dunally, B.
248. Dunboyne, B.
44. Dundonald, E. of,
208. Dungannon, V.
48. Dunmore, E. of,
180. Dunraven, E. of,
247. Dunsany, B.
38. Dysart, E. of,
18. Eglintoun, E. of,
120. Egmont, E. of,
31. Elgin and Kincardine, E. of,
80. Elibank, B.
236. Elphin, Bp. of,
68. Elphinstone, B.
102. Ely, M. of,
149. Enniskillen, E. of,
150. Erne, E. of,
13. Errol, E. of,
75. Fairfax, B.
56. Falkland, V.
256. Farnham, B.
219, Ferrard, V.
292.
125.
112.
315.
117.
189.
62.
78.
224.
202.
26.
204.
305.
3.11.
53.
175.
4.
182.
225.
170.
115.
183.
279.
64.
200.
227.
25.
1.
217.
302.
218.
100.
289.
293.
297.
22.
270.
55,
286.
312.
135.
282.
285.
167.
58.
264.
118.
229.
152.
235.
245.
274.
231.
177.
190.
Ffrench, B.
Fife, E. of,
Fingall, E. of,
Fitzgerald and Vesey, Bss.
Fitzwilliam, Earl,
Fitzwilliam, V.
Forbes, B.
Forrester, B.
Frankfort, V.
Gage, V.
Galloway, E. of,
Galway, V.
Gardner, B.
Garvagh, B.
Glasgow, Earl of,
Glengall, E. of,
Gordon, D. of,
Gormanstown, V.
Gort, V.
Gosford, E. of,
Granard, E. of,
Grandison, V.
Graves, B.
Gray, B.
Grimston, V.
Guillamore, V.

Haddington, E. of,
Hamilton, D. of,
Haberton, V.
Hartland, B.
Hawarden, V.
Headfort, M. of,
Headley, B.
Henley, B.
Henniker, B.
Home, E. of,
Hood, B.
Hopetoun, E. of,
Hotham, B.
Howden, B.
Howth, E. of,
Huntingfield, B.

Keith, Bss.
Kenmare, E. of,
Kenmure, V.
Kensington, B.
Kerry and Shelburne, E. of,
Kildare, Bp. of
Kilkenny, E. of,
Killala and Achonry, Bp. of
Killaloe and Kilfenora, Bp. of,
Kilmaine, B.
Kilmore, Bp. of,
Kilmorey, E. of,
Kingsland, V.
*245. Kingsale, B.

276
INDEX TO THE PEERAGE.
136.
86.
29.
45.
79.
161.
124.
2.94.
27.
241.
93.
158.
3.
37.
211.
243.
168,
139.
258.
222.
179.
103.
145.
223.
ll.
28.
249.
159.
126,
185.
263.
14.
191.
267.
147.
! 11.
228.
213.
133.
197.
131.
128.
195.
7.
21.
16.
143.
207.
153.
300.
260.
272.
269.
85.
74.
Kingston, E. of,
Kinnaird, B.
Kinnoul, E. of,
Kintone, E. of,
Kirkcudbright, B.
Llandaff, E. of,
Lanesborough, E. of,
Langford, B.
Lauderdale, E. of,
Leighlin and Ferns, Bp. of
Leinster, D. of,
Leitrim, E. of
Lennox, D. of,
Leven and Melville, E. of,
Lifford—Viscount,
Limerick, Ardfert and Aghadoe,
Bp. of,
Limerick, E. of,
Lisburne, E. of,
Lisle, B.
Lismore, V.
Listowell, E. of,
Londonderry, M. of,
Longford, E. of,
Lorton, V.
Lothian, M. of,
Loudon, Css, of,
Louth, B.
Lucan, E. of,
Ludlow, E. of,
Lumley, V.
Macdonald, B.
Marr, E. of,
Massarene, V.
Massy, B.
Mayo, E. of,
Meath, E. of,
Meath, Lord Bp. of,
Melbourne, V.
Mexborough, E. of
Middleton, V.
Milltown, E. of,
Moira, E. of,
Molesworth, V.
Montrose, D. of,
Moray, E. of,
Morton. E. of,
Mount Cashell.
Mountnorres, V.
Mountnorris, E. of,
Mountsandford, B.
Mulgrave, B.
Muncaster, B.
Muskerry, B.
Nairne, B.
Napier, B.
262.
43.
181.
172.
40.
216.
288.
141.
306.
162.
266.
49.
106.
237.
203.
146.
54.
205.
9.
304.
281.
188.
242.
178.
77.
:09.
271.
138.
268.
83.
109.
52.
171.
284.
15.
8.
84.
277.
63
50,
137.
39.
67.
123.
176.
252.
66.
101.
69.
209.
51.
+30,
57.
194,
Newborough, B.
Newburgh, B.
Norbury, E. of
Normanton, E. of.
Northesk, E. of,
Northland, V.
Norwood, B.
Nugent, E.
Nugent, B.
O'Neill, E.
Ongley, B.
Orkney, Css. of,
Ormonde, M. of,
Ossory, Bp. of,
Palmerston, V.
Portarlington, E. of.
Portmore, E. of,
Powerscourt, V.
Queensberry, M. of,
Radstock, B.
Rancliffe, B.
Ranelagh, V.
Raphoe, Bp. of,
Rathdowne, E. of,
Reay, B. -
Rendlesham, B.
Riversdale, B.
Roden, E. of,
Rokeby, B.
Rollo, B.
Roscommon, E. of,
Roseberry, E. of,
Rosse, E. of,
Rossmore, B.
Rothes, E. of,
Roxburgh, D. of,
Ruthven, B.

St. Helens, B.
3. Saltoun, B.
Seafield, E. of,
Sefton, E. of,
Selkirk, E. of,
Semple, B.
Shannon, E. of.
Sheffield, E. of.
Sherrard, B.
Sinclair, B.
Sligo, M. of,
Somerville, B.
Southwell, V.
Stair, E. of,
Stirling, E. of.
Stormont, V.
Strabane, V.
INDEX TO THE PEERAGE. 277
186. Strangford, V. 127, Tyrconnel, E. of,
61. Strathallan. V.
23. strathmor. E. of, 298. Ventry, B.
12. Sutherland, Qss, of, 299. Wallscourt, B.
238. Waterford and Lismore, Bp. of,
187. Taaffe, W. 114. Waterford and Wexford, E. of,
290. Teignmouth, B. 94. Waterford, M. of,
221. Templetown, V. 278. Waterpark, B.
99. Thomond, M. of, 98. Wellesley, M. of,
70. Torphichen, B. 33. Wemyss and March, E. of,
32. Traquair, E. of, 265. Westcote, B.
246. Trimleston, B. 105. Westmeath, M. of,
92. Tuam, Abp. of, 156. Wicklow, E. of.
10. Tweeddale, M. of 134. Winterton, E. of,
SU R N A M ES
OF ALL THE
SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL LORDS
OF
GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND,
Abp. . .
M. . .
Css. . . .
V. .
Vss. .
Surname.
Abbot -
Abbott -
Abercromby
Acheson
A’Court
Addington
Agar
Alexander
Alexander
Alexander -
Allen
Amherst
Annesley
Annesley
Anson .
Arbuthnot
Arden -
Arundel
Ashburnham
Aston . - -
Aylmer, Whitworth B. Aylmer, I. P.
Bagot .
Bagot
Barnewall
Barnewall .
Barrington
ALPHABETICALLY ARRANGED.
N.B. In this and the following List,
D. stands for Duke.
for Archbishop.
... for Marquess.
, for Earl.
for Countess.
. . for Viscount.
... for Viscountess,
Title.
. B. Colchester.
B. Tenterden.
. B. Abercromby.
E. of Gosford, I. P.
B. Heytesbury.
- V. Sidmouth.
E. of Normanton, I. P.
E. of Caledon, I. P.
. Bp. of Meath.
E. of Stirling, S. P.
V. Allen, I. P.
. E. Amherst.
E. Annesley, I. P.
E. of Mountnorris.
- . V. Anson.
V. Arbuthnot, S. P.
- . B. Alvanley.
Arundel, Monckton . V. Galway, I. P.
. B. Arundel.
E. of Ashburnham.
B. Aston, S. P.
- . B. Bagot.
. Bp. of Oxford.
V. Kingsland, I. P.
B. Trimleston, I. P.
V. Barrington, I.P.
Bp. . . . for Bishop.
B. . . . for Baron.
Bss. . . for Baroness.
S. P. . . for Scotch Peerage.
I. P. . . for Irish Peerage.
L. . . . for Lord is a mere cour-
tesy title.
Surname. Title.
Barry, Maxwell . B. Farnham, I. P.
Basset . B. De Dunstanville and Basset.
Bathurst - . Bp. of Norwich.
Bathurst - - . E. Bathurst.
Beauclerk - . D. of St. Alban’s.
Bennet - . E. of Tankerville.
Bentinck, Scott . D. of Portland.
Beresford, De-la-Poer Abp. of Armagh.
Beresford, De-la-Poer Bp. of Kilmore.
Beresford, De-la-Poer ! *W*
Beresford . - . V. Beresford.
Beresford - . B. Decies, I. P.
Berkeley - - E. Berkeley.
Bernard . . E. of Bandon, I. P.
Bertie - - . E. of Lindsey.
Bertie . - . E. of Abingdon.
Best . - - . B. Wyneford.
Bethell . - . Bp. of Bangor.
Bingham . . E. of Lucan, I. P.
Bingham . . B. Clanmorris, I. P.
Bissett . - . Bp. of Raphoe.
Blackwood B. Dufferin and Claneboye.
Blake - . B. Wallscourt, I. P.
Blaquiere . B. De Blaquiere, J. P.
Blayney - . B. Blayney, I. P.
Bligh - , E. of Darnley, I. P.
Blomfield - . Bp. of London.
( 279 )
Surname. Title.
Bloomfield . B. Bloomfield, I. P.
Boscawen - E. of Falmouth.
Bourke - E. of Mayo, I. P.
Bourke Bp. of waterford and Lismore.
Bouverie . - - E. of Radnor.
E. of Strathmore and
Bowes . Kinghorn, S. P.
Boyle E. of Cork and Orrery, I. P.
Boyle E. of Shannon, I. P.
Boyle E. of Glasgow, S. P.
Brabazon E. of Meath, I. P.
Brand - - . B. Dacre.
Bridgeman - - E. of Bradford.
Brinkley Bp. of Cloyne.
Brodrick . -
Bromley . -
V. Middleton, I. P.
B. Montfort.
Brougham . B. Brougham & Vaux.
Browne • M. of Sligo, I. P.
Browne E. of Kenmare, I. P.
Browne - . B. Kilmaine, I. P.
Bruce, Brudenell M. of Ailesbury.
Bruce E. of Elgin & Kincardine, S. P.
Brudenell - . E. of Cardigan.
Burgess Bp. of Salisbury,
Burgh . - . B. Downes, I. P.
Burrel, Drum-S B. Willoughby deBres-
mond by and Gwydyr.
Bury E. of Charleville, I. P.
Butler . . M. of Ormonde, I. P.
Butler - . E. of Carrick, I. P.
Butler E. of Lanesborough, I. P.
Butler E. of Kilkenny, I. P.
Butler E. of Glengall, I. P.
Butler . B. Dunboyne, I. P.
Butson, Bp. of Clonfertand Kilmacduagh.
Byng V. Torrington.
Byron . - - . B. Byron.
Cadogan - - - E. Cadogan.
Calthorpe . B. Calthorpe.
Campbell D. of Argyll, S.P.
Campbell E. of Breadalbane, S. P.
Campbell, Hume Css. de Grey.
Campbell E. of Cawdor.
Canning . Vss. Canning.
Canning B. Garvagh, I. P.
Carey Bp. of St. Asaph.
Carey . - . V. Falkland, S. P.
Carleton . B. Dorchester.
Carnegie . E. of Northesk, S. P.
Carpenter . E. of Tyrconnell, I. P.
Cathcart E. Cathcart, S. P.
Carteret . . B. Carteret.
Carr . - Bp. of Chichester.
Carr-Hay . . E. of Errol, S. P.
Caulfeild E. of Charlemont, I. P.
Cavendish . . D. of Devonshire.
Cavendish B. Waterpark, I. P.
Surname. Title.
Cecil, Gascoigne M. of Salisbury.
Cecil . - - . M. of Exeter.
Chetwynd . V. Chetwynd, I. P.
Chichester M. of Donegal, I. P.
Cholmondeley . M. Cholmondeley.
Cholmondeley . B. Delamere.
Churchill, Spencer D. of Marlborough.
Clements E. of Leitrim, I. P.
Clifford - . B. De Clifford.
Clifford B. Clifford, of Chudleigh.

Clinton, Fiennes-Pelham, D.of Newcastle.
Clive - - . E. of Powis.
Cochrane . E. of Dundonald, S. P.
Cocks - - E. Somers.
Cole . E. of Enniskillen, I. P.
Colville B. Colville, S. P.
Colyear . . E. of Portmore, S. P.
Compton M. of Northampton.

Coningsby, Capel . E. of Essex.
Conway, Ingram-Seymour,M.of Hertford
Conyngham . M. of Conyngham, I. P.
Cooper E. of Shaftesbury.
Copley - - . B. Lyndhurst.
Coplestone Bp. of Llandaff.
Cornewall Bp. of Worcester.

Corry, Lowry
Cotton . -
Coventry . - -
Courtenay
E. of Belmore, I. P.
W. Combermere.
E. of Coventry.
E. of Devonshire.
Cowper - - . E. Cowper.
Cradock B. Howden, I. P.
Cranstoun , . B. Cranstoun, S. P.
Craven . . E. Craven.
Creighton E. of Erne, I. P.
Crewe . - B. Crewe.
Crofton . B. Crofton, I. P.
Crosbie - B. Brandon, I. P.
Cuffe . - . E. of Desart, I. P.
Curzon, Roper . B. Teynham.
Curzon B. Scarsdale.
Curzon . B. Zouche.
Cust . E. Brownlow.
Dalrymple . E. of Stair, S. P.
Dalzell . . E. of Carnwath, S. P.
Dawnay, Burton V. Downe, I.P.
Dawson . E. of Portarlington, I.P.

Dawson B. Cremorne, I. P.
Deane - . B. Muskerry, I. P.
De Burgh M. of Clanricarde, I. P.
De Courcey . B. Kingsale, I.P.
De Grey - B. Walsingham.
De Montmorency . V. Frankfort, I. P.
De Montmorency, V. Mountmorres, I.P.
De Ros, Fitzgerald - Bss. de Ros.
Devereaux . - . V. Hereford.
Digby . - - . E. Digby.
Dillon . E. of Roscommon, I. P.
( 280 )
Surname. Title.
Dillon B. Clonbrock, I. P.
Dormer B. Dormer.
Douglas, scott D. of Buccleugh, S. P.
Douglas, Wemyss- $ E. of Wemyss and
Charteris March, S. P.
Douglas M. of Queensberry, S. P.
Douglas E. of Morton, S. P.
Douglas E. of Selkirk, S. P.
Douglas . . . . B. Douglas.
Drummond, Hay E. of Kinnoul, S. P.
Drummond V. Strathallan, S. P.
Duff . - E. of Fife, I. P.
Dunbar . - . B. Duffus, S. P.
Duncombe B. Feversham.
Dundas, Saunders V. Melville.
Dundas - - . B. Dundas.
Dutton B. Sherborne.
Eden - B. Auckland, J. P.
Eden . . B. Henley, I.P.
Edgcumbe E. Mount Edgcumbe.
Edwardes. B. Kensington, I. P.
Egerton • . E. of Wilton.
Ellis, Agar . . V. Clifden, I. P.
Ellis, Agar E. Normanton, I. P.
Ellis . B. Howard de Walden.
Ellis . - - B. Seaford.
Eliot . . E. of St. Germans.
Elphinstone B. Elphinstone, S. P.
Elrington . Bp. of Ferns and Leighlin.
Elphinstone, Mercer Bss. Keith.
Erskine - . E. of Marr, S. P.
Erskine . E. of Buchan, S. P.
Erskine E. of Rosslyn, S. P.
Erskine B. Erskine.
Fairfax . - . B. Fairfax, S. P.
Falconer, Keith E. of Kintore, S. P.
Fane E. of Westmoreland.
Fermor . - E. of Pomfret.
Fielding - E. of Denbigh.
Fiennes, Eardley- ! B. Saye and Sele.
Twisleton .
Finch E. of Aylesford.
Fitzgerald . D. of Leinster, H. P.
Fitzgerald Bss. Fitzgerald & Vesey, I.P.
Fitzgibbon E. of Clare, I.P.
Fitzherbert B. St. Helens, I. P.
Fitzmaurice, O’Bryen, l º goº,
Fitzroy . . . D. of Grafton.
Fitzroy B. Southampton.
Fitzwilliam, Wentworth E. Fitzwilliam.
Fitzwilliam W. Fitzwilliam, I. P.
Flower V. Ashbrook, I. P.
Foley - . B. Foley.
Forbes E. of Granard, I. P.
Forbes B. Forbes, S. P.
Surname, Title.
Forester B. Forester, S. P.
Fortescue E. Fortescue.
Fowler . - . Bp. of Ossory.
Fox, Vassal . B. Holland, of Foxley.
Fraser . B. Saltoun, of Abernethy, S. P.
Freke, Evans B. Carberry, I. P.
Ffrench B. Ffrench, I. P.
Gage - * B. Gage, I. P.
Gambier B. Gambier.
Gardner - - B. Gardner.
Germain, Sackville D. of Dorset.
Ginkell, De Reede-de, E, of Athlone, I.P.
Gordon . D. of Gordon, S. P.
Gordon . E. of Aboyne, S. P.
Gordon . E. of Aberdeen, S. P.
Gordon V. Kenmure, S. P.
Gore . E. of Arran, I. P.
Gower, Levison M. of Stafford.
Gower, Levison B. Gower.
Gower, Levison . . V. Granville.
Css. of Sutherland,
Gower, Sutherland ! S. P
Graham . D. of Montrose, S. P.
Graham . B. Lynedoch.
Graves . - B. Graves, I. P.
Gray B. Gray, S. P.
Gray Bp. of Bristol.

gent-Brydges-Chan- ingham &
dos. Chandos.
Grenville . - . B. Grenville.
Greville . E. of Brooke and Warwick.
Grenville, º: D. of Buck-
Greville Css. of Mansfield.
Grey . E. of Stamford & Warrington.
Grey - - . . E. Grey.
- - B. Bray-
Griffin, Aldworth-Neville : iº.-
Grimston - E. of Verulam.
Grosvenor . . E. Grosvenor.
Guelph D. of Cumberland,
Guelph D. of Sussex.
Guelph - D. of Cambridge.
Guelph . - D. of Gloucester.
Haldane, Duncan . V. Duncan.
D. of Hamilton & Bran-
Hamilton don, S. P. & E. P.
Hamilton . M. of Abercorn, S. P.
Hamilton E. of Haddington, S. P.
Hamilton. B. Belhaven & Stenton, S.P.
Hamilton V. Boyne, I. P.
E.of Buckingham.
Hampden, Hobart shire. g
Handcock . W. Castlemain. I. P.
Harboard . - . B. Suffield.
Hare - . E. of Listowell, I. P.
Harley . E. of Oxford and Mortimer.

( 281 )
Surname. Title.
Harris E. of Malmesbury.
Harris . - - - B. Harris.
Hastings . - M. of Hastings.
Hastings, Campbell- {"; of Loudon,
Rawdon . - S. P.
Hastings . E. of Huntingdon.
- § E. of Winchilsea and
Hatton, Finch. & Nottingham.
Hawke, Harvey . . B. Hawke.
Hay . . M. of Tweeddale, S. P.
Herbert. E. of Pembroke & Montgomery.
Herbert. E. of Carnarvon.
Hervey . - . M. of Bristol.
Hewitt . - . V. Lifford, I. P.
Hill . . M. of Downshire, I. P.
Hill . - - . B. Berwick.
Hill . - - Bss. Sandys,
Hill . - - - . B. Hill.
Holroyd . E. of Sheffield, I. P.
Hood - - - . V. Hood.
Hood . - . B. Bridport, I. P.
Hope . . E. of Hopetoun, S. P.
Hotham - . B. Hotham, I.P.
Howard . . D. of Norfolk.
Howard . E. of suffolk & Bºii.
Howard . - . E. of Carlisle.
Howard . E. of Wicklow, I. P.
Howard B. Howard of Effingham.
Howe, Curzon . - - E. Howe.
Howley Abp. of Canterbury.
Huntingford . . Bp. of Hereford.
Hutchinson E. of Donoughmore, I. P.
Irby . B. Boston.
Bp. of Limerick, Ardfert,
Jebb . & Aghadoe,
Jenkinson . Bp. of St. David’s.
Jenkinson - . E. of Liverpool.
Jervis . V. St. Vincent.
Jocelyn E. of Roden, I. P.
Jones V. Ranelagh, I. P.
Kaye . Bp. of Lincoln.
Kennedy E. of Cassilis, S. P.
Kenyon - - . B. Kenyon.
Keppel . E. of Albemarle.
Kerr D. of Roxburghe, S. P.
Kerr - M. of Lothian, S. P.
King - E. of Kingston, I. P.
King - - - : B. King.
King . - . V. Lorton, I. P.
Kinnaird B. Kinnaird, S. P.
Knox - . Bp. of Derry.
Knox V. Northland. I. P.
Kynynmound, Elliot- E. of Minto
Murray - . . * *** -
Lake V. Lake.
Surname. Title.
Lambe V. Melbourne, I. P.
Lambton . - - B. Durham.
Lambart . - E. of Cavan, I. P.
Lascelles . E. of Harewood.
L Abp. of Cashell &
aurence

Bp. of Emly.
Law . - . B. Ellenborough.
Law . . Bp. of Bath and Wells.
Lawless . B. Cloncurry, I. P.
Lee, Dillon . . V. Dillon, I.P.
Leeson . . E. of Miltown, I. P.
Leicester, Fleming B. de Tabley.
Legge . E. of Dartmouth.

Lennox D. of Richmond and
- X • & Lennox, E. & S. P.
Leslie . . . Bp. of Elphin.
Leslie - . E. of Rothes, S. P.
Liddell . - . B. Ravensworth.
Lindsay . - Bp. of Kildare.
Lindsay . . . E. of Balcarres, S.P.
Lister . - . B. Ribblesdale.
Livingstone, Eyre-Rad- ? E. of New-
cliffe - burgh, S.P.
Loftus, Tottenham
Loftus . - -
Bp. of Clogher.
M. of Ely, I.P.
Long B. Farnborough.
Lowther . E. of Lonsdale.
Ludlow E. Ludlow, I. P.
Lysaght . - B. Lisle, I. P.
Lyttelton B. Lyttelton.
Macdonald, Bosville B.Macdonald, I.P.
Macdonnel Css of Antrim, I. P.
Mackay . - . B. Reay, S. P.
Mackenzie, Stuart-Wort- ? B. Wharn-

ley . - - - cliffe.
M“Clellan B. Kirkcudbright, S. P.
Magee } Abp of Dublin, & Bp. of
- - Glandelagh.
Mahon - . B. Hartland, I. P.
Maitland E. of Lauderdale, S. P.
Majendie. -
Bp. of Bangor.
Major, Henniker ,
B. fimi. i. p.
Manners D. of Rutland.
Mann - - . E. Cornwallis.
Mant . Bp. of Down & Connor.
Marsh . - BP. of Peterborough.
Marsham . E. of Romney.
Massy . - . B. Massy, I. P.
Massey B. Clarina, I. P.
Matthew . E. of Llandaff. I. P.
Maude V. Hawarden, I. P.
Maynard . - . V. Maynard.
Meade E. of Clanwilliam, I. P.
Melville, Leslie . } º
Mitford . - - B. Redesdale.
Molesworth . V. Molesworth, I. P.

O. O.
( 282 )
Surname. Title.
Molyneux . . E. of Sefton, I. P.
Monck Bp. of Gloucester.
Monck . E. of Rathdown, I. P.
Monson - . B. Monson.
Montagu D. of Manchester.
Montagu - E. of Sandwich.
Montague .
B. Rokeby, I. P.
Montgomerie .
E. of Eglinton, S.P.
Moore . M. of Drogheda, I. P.
Moore E. of Mountcashell, I. P.
Morton . - - . B. Ducie.
Mullins. B. Ventry, I. P.
Murray D. of Atholl, S. P.
Murray . E. of Dunmore, S. P.
Murray . E. of Mansfield.
Murray B. Elibank, S. P.
Murray B. Glenlyon.
Murray Bp. of Rochester.
Nairne, Murray B. Nairne, S. P.
Napier . . B. Napier, S. P.
Needham E. of Kilmorey, I. P.
Nelson . - - - E. Nelson.
Neville E. of Abergavenny.
Noel . B. Barham.
North E. of Guilford.
Norton - . B. Grantley.
Nugent M. of Westmeath, I. P.
O'Bryen M. of Thomond, I. P.
O’Callaghan V. Lismore, I. P.
Ogilvie, Grant E. of Seafield, S. P.
Ogilvy - . E. of Airlie, S. P.
O'Grady . V. Cahir-Guillamore.
O'Neil E. O'Neil, I. P.
Ongley, Henley B. Ongley, I. P.
Onslow . - E. Onslow.
Osborne D. of Leeds.
Paget . . M. of Anglesey.
Pakenham E. of Longford, I. P.
Parker E. of Macclesfield.
Parker E. of Morley.
Parkyns B. Rancliffe, I. P.
Parsons E. of Rosse, I. P.
Paulet - M. of Winchester.
Peachey . - - B. Selsey.
Pelham . - . E. of Chichester.
Pelham, Anderson B. Yarborough.
Pellew . V. Exmouth.
Pennington B. Muncaster, I. P.
Perceval . . E. of Egmont, I. P.
Perceval . B. Arden, I. P.
Percy . Bp. of Carlisle.
Percy . - - . B. Prudhoe.
Percy D. of Northumberland.
Percy . - . E. of Beverley.
Pery E. of Limerick, I. P.
Surname. Title.
Petty . . . M. of Lansdown.
Petre . - - B. Petre.
Phillpott . - . Bp. of Exeter.
Phipps . - - E. of Mulgrave.
Pierrepoint . - . E. Manvers.
Pindar . E. Beauchamp.
Pitt - - E. of Chatham.
Plunket . E. of Fingal, I. P.
Plunket B. Dunsany, I. P.
Plunket - - . B. Plunket.
Plunket . - B. Louth, I. P.
Pomeroy . . B. Harberton, I. P.
Ponsonby E. of Besborough, I. P.
Ponsonb } Bp. of Killaloe and
- y " ). Kilfenora.
Poulett. E. Poulett.
Powlet - - . B. Bayning.
Powlett, Orde. - . B. Bolton.
Powyss . - - B. Lilford.
Pratt . - - . M. Camden.
Preston. V. Gormanstoun, I. P.
Primrose. E. of Rosebery, S. P.
Prittie . - . B. Dunally, I. P.
Proby . E. of Carysfort, I. P.
Quin, Wyndham, E. of Dunraven, I.P.
Ramey, Home E. of Home, S. P.
Ramsay . . E. of Dalhousie, S. P.
Rice - - B. Dynevor.
Rivers, Pitt . - . B. Rivers.
Robinson - V. Goderich.
Rodney - - . B. Rodney.
Rolle - - - . B. Rolle.
Rollo - . B. Rollo, S.P.
Rous . - . E. of Stradbroke.
Rowley B. Langford, I. P.
Rushout . B. Northwick.
Russell . - . D. of Bedford.
Ruthven . . B. Ruthven, S. P.
Ryder . Bp. of Lichfield & Coventry.
Ryder . E. of Harrowby.

St. John . V. Bolingbroke & St. John.
St. John B. St. John of Bletsoe.
St. Lawrence Bp. of Cork & Ross.
St. Lawrence . . E. of Howth, I. P.
St. Leger . V. Doneraile, I. P.
Sandford . B. Mount-Sandford, I. P.
Sandilands B. Torphichen, S. P.
Saunderson, Lumley. E. of Scarborough.
Saurin . - . Bp. of Dromore.
Savile . E. of Mexborough, I. P.
Scott - E. of Clonmell, I. P.
E. of Eldon.
B. Montagu.
. B. Stowell.
B. Semple, S. P.
Scott . - -
Scott, Montagu .
Scott . - -
Semple . -
( 283 )
Surname. Title.
Seymour - . D. of Somerset.
Sherard - E. of Harborough.
Shirley . - - . E. Ferrars.
Shore . . B. Teignmouth, I. P.
Sinclair . . E. of Caithness, S. P.
Sinclair B. Sinclair, S. P.
Skeffington V. Massarene, I. P.
Skeffington (Foster) . V. Ferrard, I. P.
Smith - - . B. Carrington.
Smythe V. Strangford, I. P.
Somerset . - . D. of Beaufort.
Somerville . . B. Somerville, S. P.
Southwell . . V. Southwell, I. P.
Sparke . - - . Bp. of Ely.
Spencer - - . E. Spencer.
Spencer - - . B. Churchill.
Stanhope . E. of Chesterfield.
Stanhope . - E. Stanhope.
Stanhope - . E. of Harrington.
Stanley - - . E. of Derby.
Stapleton . . B. Le Despencer.
Stewart . . E. of Galloway, S. P.
Stewart B. Blantyre, S. P.
Stewart, Vane. M. of Londonderry, I. P.
Stewart . E. of Castle Stewart, I. P.
Stuart, Chrichton . M. of Bute.
Stuart - E. of Moray, S. P.
Stuart - . E. of Traquair, S. P.
Stuart . B. Suart de Rothesay.
Stopford . . E. of Courtown, I. P.
Stourton - - . B. Stourton.
Strangeways, Fox . E. of Ilchester.
Stratford . E. of Aldborough, I. P.
Strutt - - Bss. Rayleigh.
Sumner . - Bp. of Chester.
Sumner - Bp. of Winchester.
Sutton, Manners . B. Manners.
Taaffe . - . W. Taaffe, I. P.
Talbot . - - E. of Shrewsbury.
Talbot, Chetwynd . . E. Talbot.
#. - . M. of Headfort, I. P.
empl nvi
º ville B. Nugent, I. P.
Temple . V. Palmerston, I. P.
Thelusson B. Rendlesham, I. P.
Thurlow, Howell . . B. Thurlow.
Thynne - - . M. of Bath.
Tollemache Css, of Dysart, S. P.
Toler - -
Toler . - -
Tonson -
Townshend - -
Townshend . - -
Trefusis - - -
E. of Norbury, I. P.
B. Norwood, I. P.
B. Riversdale, I. P.
M. Townshend.
V. Sydney.
B. Clinton.
Surname. Title.
Trench - . B. Ashtown, I. P.
$ Abp. of Tuam and
Trench, le Poer & Bp. of Ardagh.
Trench, le Poer E. of Clancarty, I. P.
Trevor, Hill . V. Dungannon, I. P.

Tuchet, Thicknesse . B. Audley.
Tufton - - E. of Thanet.
Turnour E. of Winterton, I. P.
Upton . V. Templetown, I. P.
Vane . - M. of Cleveland.
Van Mildert . . Bp. of Durham.
Vanneck . . B. Huntingfield, I. P.
Vansittart - - . B. Bexley.
Vaughan . . E. of Lisburne, I. P.
Vereker . - V. Gort, I. P.
Verney . B. Willoughby de Broke.
Vernon - - . Abp. of York.
Vernon, Venables . . B. Vernon.
Verschoyle B. of Killala and Achonry.
Vesey . - . V. De Vesci, I. P.
Villiers . - . E. of Clarendon.

Williers, Child . E. of Jersey.
Waldegrave . E. Waldegrave.
Waldegrave. . B. Radstock, I. P.
Wallace - - . B. Wallace.
Waller . - - . Bss. Howe.

Wallop . E. of Portsmouth.
Walpole . - . E. of Orford.
Ward - - . E. of Dudley.
Ward . - . W. Bangor, I. P.
Watson . - - . B. Sondes.
Weddell . - . B. Grantham.
Wellesley . D. of Wellington.
Wellesley . . M. Wellesley, I. P.
Wellesley-Pole . B. Maryborough.
Wellesley - - B. Cowley.
West . - - E. Delawarr.

Westenra . . B. Rossmore, I. P.
White - . E. of Bantry, I. P.
Wilbraham, Boottle B. Skelmersdale.
Willoughby - B. Middleton.
Windsor - . E. of Plymouth.
Wingfield . V. Powerscourt, I. P.
Winn . - . B. Headley, I. P.
Wodehouse . B. Wodehouse.
Wyndham . E. of Egremont.
Wynn . . B. Newborough, I. P.
Yelverton . -
Yelverton -
Yorke . -
W. Avonmore, I. P.
Bss. Grey de Ruthyn.
E. of Hardwicke.
COURTESY TITLES
BORNE
BY THE ELIDEST SONS
OF
DUKES, MARQUESSES, AND EARLS,
IN THE
THREE KING DOMS.
Courtesy Title. Highest Title.
Aberdour, L. son of E. of Morton, S. P.
Acheson, V. E. of Gosford, I.P.
Adare, V. E. of Dunraven, I. P.
Alford, V. . E. Brownlow.
Althorpe, V. . . E. Spencer.
Altamont, E. of M. of Sligo, I. P.
Alexander, V. E. of Caledon, I. P.
Amiens, V. E. of Aldborough, I. P.
E. of Suffolk and Berk-
Andover, V. }
shire.
Apsley, L.
Ardee, V.
Ashley, L.
E. Bathurst.
E. of Meath, I. P.
E. of Shaftesbury.
Beerhaven, V.
Bective, E. of .
Belfast, E. of
Belgrave, V.
Bernard, V.
Berriedale, L. .
Bingham, L. -
Blandford, M. of .
Boringdon, V.
Boscawen-Rose, L.
Boyle, V. . E. of Shannon, I. P.
Brecknock, E. of M. of Camden.
Brooke, L. E. Brooke and of Warwick.
Brome, V. - E. Corrnwallis.
Bruce, E. . M. of Ailesbury.
Bruce, L. Earl of Elgin, S. P.
Brudenel, L. E. of Cardigan.
E. of Bantry, I. P.
M. of Headfort, I. P.
M. of Donegal, I. P.
E. Grosvenor,
E. of Bandon, I. P.
E. of Caithness, S. P.
E. of Lucan, I. P.
D. of Marlborough.
E. of Morley.
E. of Falmouth.
Courtesy Title.
Burghersh, L. .
Burghley, L.
Bury, V.
Highest Title.
E. of Westmoreland.
M. of Exeter.
E. of Albemarle.
Cantalupe, W. .
Cardross, L. E. of Buchan, S. P.
Caermarthen, M. of D. of Leeds.
Castlereagh, V. M. of Londonderry, I.P.
Chandos, M. D. of Buckingham and
Chandos.
Chewton, V. . E. Waldegrave.
Clements, V. E. of Leitrim, I. P.
Clifton, L. . E. of Darnley, I. P.
Clive, V. . - - . E. Powis.
Cochrane, L. . E. of Dundonald, S. P.
Compton, E. M. of Northampton.
Corry, V. . E. of Belmore, I. P.
Cranbourn, V. . . M. of Salisbury.
E. of Delawarr.


Cranley, V. . . E. Onslow.
Creighton, W. . E. of Erne, I. P.
Curzon, V. E. Howe.
Dalmeny, L. E. of Roseberry, S. P.
Dalrymple, V. E. of Stair, S. P.
Dalzell, L. E. of Carnwath, S. P.
M. of Cleveland.
E. of Coventry.
D. of Brandon
and Hamilton,
E. & I. P.
D. of Wellington.
Darlington, E. of
Deerhurst, V.
Douglas and Clydes-
dale, M. of
Douro, M. of
( 285 )


Courtesy Title. Highest Title.
Donne, L. . . E. of Moray, S. P.
Duncannon, W. E. of Besborough, I. P.
Dungarvon, V. º and Orrery,
Dunglas, L. . . E. of Home, S. P.
Dunkellin, L. M. of Clanricarde, I. P.
Dunlo, V. E. of Clancarty, I. P.
Duplin, V. E. of Kinnoul, S. P.
Earlsfort, L.
Eastnor, V. .
Ebrington, V. . . E. Fortescue.
Elcho, L. Bºwº- and March,
Eliot, L. . . E. of St. Germans.
Emlyn, V. . - . E. of Cawdor.
Encombe, V. (grandson). E. of Eldon.
* Y. & E. of Listowel, I. P.
(grandson)
Euston, E. of . . D. of Grafton.
E. of Clonmell, I. P.
- E. Somers.
Fielding, V.
Fincastle, L. .
Fitzharris, V.
Folkestone, W.
Forbes, V.
Fordwich, V. .
. E. of Denbigh.
E. of Dunmore, S. P.
E. of Malmesbury.
E. of Radnor.
E. of Granard, I. P.
E. Cowper.
Garlies, V. -
E. of Galloway, S. P.
Gifford, E. of
M. of Tweeddale, S. P.
Gower, E. . - M. of Stafford.
- E. of Strathmore and
Glammi, L. “Kºgº.s. i.
Glandine, V.2dson E. of Norbury, I.P.
Glenorchy, L. E. of Breadalbane, S. P.
Glentworth, L. . E. of Limerick, I. P.
Graham, M. of D. of Montrose, S. P.
Granby, M. of . . D. of Rutland.
Greenock, L. E. Cathcart.
Grey of Groby, L. º
Grey de Wilton, V. E. of Wilton,
Grimston, W. E. of Verulam.
Guernsey, L. . E. of Aylesford.
Haddo, L. E. of Aberdeen, S. P.
Harley, L. E. of Oxford and Mortimer.
Hay, L. - . E. of Errol, S. P.
E. of Pembroke and
Herbert, L. } Montgomery.
M. of Downshire,
I. P.
E. Poulett.
E. Amherst.
- . E. Grey.
Css. of Dysart, S. P.
Hilsborough, E. of }
Hinton, V. -
Holmesdale, V. . -
Howick, V. -
Huntingtower, L.
Ingestrie, V. . - . E. Talbot.
Courtesy Title.
Inverurie, L. .
Jermyn, E. -
Jocelyn, V. .
Highest Title.
E. of Kintore, S. P.
M. of Bristol.
E. of Roden, I. P.

Kelburne, V.
Kennedy, L. -
Kerry, E. of .
Kilcoursie, V.
E. of Glasgow, S. P.
E. of Cassilis, S. P.
M. of Lansdowne.
E. of Cavan, I. P.
:
-
(grandson)
Kildare, M. of D. of Leinster, I. P.
Killeen, L. . E. of Fingal, I. P.

Riwoºth, i. E. of Mountain, i.p.
Kingsborough, W. E. of Kingston, I. P.
º ; Css. of Orkney, S. P.
Lascelles, V.
Lewisham, V.
Lincoln, E. of .
Ilindsay, L. .
E. of Harewood.
E. of Dartmouth.
D. of Newcastle.
E. of Balcarres, S. P.
Loftus, W. M. of Ely, I. P.
Lovaine, L. . . E. of Beverley.
Loughborough, L. E. of Rosslyn, S. P.
Lowther, V. . . E. of Lonsdale.
Mahon, W. . of wº Stanhope.
- E. of Winchilsea and
Maidstone, V. : Nottingham.
Maitland, W. . E. of Lauderdale, S. P.
Mandeville, V. . D. of Manchester.
March and Darnley, { D. of Lenox and
E. of Richmond.
Marsham, V. E. of Romney. S. P.
Mauchline, L. Css. of Loudoun, S. P.
Melgund, W. E. of Minto, S. & E. P.
Milton, V. - E. Fitzwilliam.
Molyneaux, V. E. of Sefton, I.P.
Morpeth, V. - . E. of Carlisle.

Mountcharles, E. of * ºrghum,
Mountflorence, L. E. of Enniskillen, I.P.
Neville, V. -
Newark, V. .
Newport, V. . -
Newry, V.
Normanby, V. .
Norreys, L. .
North, L. - -
E. of Abergavenny.
. E. Manvers.
E. of Bradford.
E. of Kilmorey, I. P.
E. Mulgrave.
E. of Abingdon.
E. of Guildford.
Ogilvie, L. .
Ossory, E. of
Ossulston, L.
Oxmantown, L.
E. of Airlie, S. P.
M. of Ormonde, I.P.
E. of Tankerville.
E. of Rosse, I. P.
Perceval, V. . E. of Egmont, I.P.
Pollington, V. E. of Mexborough, I.P.
( 286 )
Courtesy Title. Highest Title.
Porchester, L. . E. of Carnarvon.
Ramsay, L. E. of Dalhousie, S. P.
Rosehill, L. . E. of Northesk, S. P.
Sandon, V. . . E. of Harrowby.
St. Asaph, V. . E. of Ashburnham.
Seaham, V. - - E. Vane.
Seymour, L. . . D. of Somerset.
Silchester, L. E. of Longford, I. P.
Somerton, V. . E. of Normanton, I.P.
Stanley, L. . - . E. of Derby.
Stavordale, L. . . E. of Ilchester.
Stewart, V. E. of Castlestewart, I. P.
Stopford, V. . E. of Courtown, I. P.
Stormont, W. . . E. of Mansfield.
Strathaven, L. E. of Aboyne, S. P.
Surrey, E. of D. of Norfolk.
Tamworth, V. - E. Ferrers.
Courtesy Title. Highest Title.
Tavistock, M. of . D. of Bedford.
Titchfield, M. of . D. of Portland.
Tullamore, L. E. of Charleville, I. P.
Tullibardine, M. of D. of Atholl, S. P.
Turnour, V. E. of Winterton, I. P.
Uxbridge, E. of . M. of Anglesey.
Valentia, V. E. of Mountnorris, I. P.
Valletort, V. E. of Mount Edgecumbe.
Vaughan, L. E. of Lisburne, I. P.
Williers, V. . - . E. of Jersey.
Walpole, L. - . E. of Orford.
Weymouth, V. M. of Bath.
Wiltshire, E. of M. of Winchester.
Worcester, M. of . D. of Beaufort.
Yarmouth, E. of M. of Hertford.
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT
OF ALL
COUNTIES, CITIES, AND BOROUGHS, &c.
IN
ENGLAND, WALES, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND,
WHICH RETURN MEMBERS
TO THE
COMMONS' HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT:
INCLUDING
THE PERIODS OF THEIR FRANCHISE, PERSONAL RIGHTS OF ELECTION,
NUMBER OF WOTERS, POPULATION, RETURNING OFFICERS, ELEC-
TIONEERING INFLUENCE, AND OTHER PARTICULARS;
WITH THE
NAME AND DESIGNATION, OFFICIAL APPOINTMENTS, PROFESSION, OC-
CUPATION, RELATIONSHIP, PARLIAMENTARY PATRONAGE, AND
TOWN AND COUNTRY RESIDENCES OF
EACH REPRESENTATIVE.
ABBREVIATIONS.
A. U. . Act of Union.
Bro. . Brother.
Bs. . . Burgess.
Bss. - Burgesses.
Cit. . . Citizen.
Cits. . Citizens.
Com. . . . Commissioner.
Co. Se. . . . Country Seat.
Cous. . Cousin.
E. I. . Electioneering Influence.
Eld. son . Eldest son.
Fa. . . . Father.
I. P. . . Irish Peerage.
Kt. . . Knight.
Kts. . . Knights.
N. & S. . Name and Surname,
Neph. . . Nephew.
N. of V. . Number of Voters.
Occ. . . Occupation.
Offi. . . . Office or Offices.
Parl. Pat. . Parliamentary Patronage.
Pop. . . Population.
Prof. . . Profession.
Rep. . Representative.
Re/. . Relationship.
R. O. . Returning Officer.
R. of E. . Right of Election.
To...Res. . Town Residence.
Unc.
. Uncle,
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT
OF ALL
COUNTIES, CITIES, UNIVERSITIES,
BOROUGHS, AND CINQUE PORTS.
ABER
ABERDEENSHIRE, Scotland.
Act of Union, 6th Anne, 1707. 1 Com-
mzissioner *.
THE Hon. WILLIAM GoRDoN.
This being his 3d Parliament.
A Land Owner.
Office. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
Town Residence. 15, Saville-street.
Country Seat. Minnies, Aberdeenshire.
Relationship. Bro. to the Earl of Aber-
deen.
Number of Voters. Real, 49 ; Nominal,
96:—Total, 145. Population. 140,000.
Electioneering Influence. Possessed by
the Duke of Gordon.
This is one of the 33 shires, or stewartries
in Scotland, that send Members, or
knights of the shire, to Parliament.
In 1790 the number of real voters did
not exceed 82, while the nominal ones
amounted to 96. The number of legal
freeholders has since, however, been
increased to upwards of a hundred. In
the reign of James I, the right of vot-
ing for Scottish counties was restricted
to freeholders possessing lands of 40s.
of “old extent,” the same being sorated
in the cess or tax-books, about the end
of the 13th century; which greatly
narrowed the elective franchise, ex-
cluding all proprietors under 70ſ. per
ABER
annum. The right of suffrage was
still further confined, by an act, passed
during the reign of Charles II. (1681),
limiting the right of voting to lands
valued at 400l. Scots per annum,
which tripled the qualification; the
rents so estimated then, being now
equivalent to 700l. sterling per annum.
By the same law, foundation was
laid for the most intolerable abuses;
for, a distinction having been made
between protection and superiority
over lands, many of the tenants in
capite, or those who held directly from
the king, were accustomed to surrender
their charters to the crown, and having
obtained a grant to parcel out their
estates in lots of 400l. Scots, valued
rent, the real property was surrendered
to the donor, while “their fictitious
barons,” as they were called, became
apparently the immediate tenants of
the crown, and although destitute of a
single acre, might tender their votes'
No less than 600 lawsuits took place,
and an expense of a million of money
was incurred, in consequence of this
procedure, which has, however, been
in some measure checked within these
few years. In 1796 the number of
real voters in the Scottish counties was
estimated at 1390. In two of the


* The Members returned by the Scottish Counties, Stewartries, and Borough-
Districts, are styled CoMMIssion ERs:—they were so designated previously to the
Union with England.
P P
ABER (
ABIN
290 )
counties, there were only 3 real voters
in each, and in 7 not more than 10.
The nominal and fictitious voters were
said to amount to 1201. In Scotland,
33 counties elect 30 Members—six
having only the right of sending a
Member to every second Parliament,
viz. Bute, Caithness, Nairn, Cromarty,
Clackmannan and Kinross, alternately.
ABERDEEN, INVERBERVIE,
ABERBROTHIC, MONTROSE,
and BRECHIN, a District of Scottish
Boroughs”.
A. U. 6th Anne, 1707.
SIR. JAMEs CARNEGIE, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Southesk, Forfarshire.
Right of Election. In 87 town-council-
men of the several Boroughs, who
elect delegates to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 5. Pop. 44,000.
E. I. The patrons are the Duke of
Gordon, and the Hon. W.-R. Maule,
of Panmure, M.P. for the County of
Forfar.
l Com.
By the ancient constitution of Scottish
cities and boroughs, the magistrates
and town-councilmen were chosen by
the resident burgesses and proprietors
of houses and lands; and they, in their
turn, chose the Commissioners to repre-
sent them in Parliament. But, in
consequence of an act passed in 1469,
the town-councils were invested with
the power of electing their own suc-
cessors. The result has proved that,
as far as regards all necessary pur-
poses of corruption, these borough cor-
porations are just as rotten as borough-
monger could wish. But, at the time
of the Union with England, in order
that every spark of public virtueshould
be extinguished, that every germ of po-
litical independence might be crushed,
these unfortunate towns were clubbed
into “districts” of 4, 5, and 6 bo-
roughs each, to be represented in the
British Parliament by one commis-
sioner! whereas, each district of 5
boroughs, previously to the said Union,
sent no less than TEN representatives
to the Parliament of Edinburgh. The
magistrates and town-councilmen of
each royal burgh in the district were
now empowered (!) to elect a delegate;
and the delegates were enjoined (!) to
meet, by rotation, at what was called
the presiding borough for the turn
(hac vice) to elect a Member of Par-
liament! The delegate for the pre-
siding borough has the casting vote, in
case of an equality of voices.
Of the 15 Commissioners for the cities
and Royal Burghs of Scotland (hor-
resco referens !) 14 are chosen by 66
delegates, who are elected by 1269 self-
appointed individuals' Edinburgh,
alone, without the incumbrance of other
towns, retains the right of sending one
Commissioner to the Commons House
of Parliament, and 33 persons elect
him ' ' Thus, there are not quite a
hundred voters for Parliamentary re-
presentatives in all the cities and towns
of Scotland, the number being exactly
99.1 !—a cargo about just sufficient to
load a moderately-sized Leith smack.
—Indeed, a couple of Botany-Bay
transports are capable of affording
ample accommodation for the whole
1300 electors for town and country.

ABINGDON, Borough of Berks.
11th Edw. III. and 2d Mary.
1 Burgess+.

John MABERLEY, Esq. 4th Parl.
Occupation. A Merchant in London.
To. Res. 1, John-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Shirley House, near Croydon,
Surrey.
R. of E. In the inhabitant-householders:
* Borough (from the Saxon word borhoe) signifies a corporation town which is
not a city; and also such a town as sends burgesses to Parliament. According to
Brady, boroughs are parliamentary either by charter, or they are towns holden of
the King in ancient demesne.
bailiff, or portreeve.
They may be governed by a mayor, alderman,
+ Burgesses are defined by Whitelock to be the inhabitants and freemen of bo-
roughs; or inhabitants of towns or boroughs enclosed or fortified.
# It has been determined that no person can be deemed a householder, or inhabit-
ant-householder, who does not possess the eaclusive right to the use of the outward
AGMO (
) ALDE
291
paying scot and lot *, and not receiving
alms or charity.
N. of V. from 500 to 600. Pop. 4360,
Returning Officers. The Mayor and two
Bailiffs.
AGMONDESHAM or
SHAM, Borough of Bucks.
28th Edw. I. 2 Burgesses.
THoMAs-TYRwhit T DRAKE, Esq.
8th Parl.
AMER-
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Shardeloes, Bucks; and St.
Donat's Castle, Glamorganshire.
Rel. Fa, to the other Member.
Parliamentary Patronage. Two Mem-
bers for this Borough.
WILLIAM-TYRw HITT DRAKE, Esq.
5th Parl.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
It. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot, and not receiving alms.
N. of V. from 125 to 130. Pop. 26.12.
R. O. A Constable chosen at the Court-
Leet of the Lord of the Manor.
E. I. The family of the present Members,
viz. the Drakes of Amersham-Mount
and Shardeloes, have possessed the en-
tire patronage of this Borough ever
since the year 1754.
EDMUND WALLER, the poet, when but
little more than sixteen years of age,
was chosen in the last Parliament of
James I., viz. in 1622, to serve as a
Burgess for Agmondesham.
ALDBOROUGH, Yorkshire.
5th Mary. 2 Bss.
CLINT ox-JAMEs-FYNEs CLINT on,
Esq. 2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister at Law.
To. Res. 58, Cadogan-place, and 7,
- Old-square, Lincoln’s-inn.
Rel. 2d cousin to the Duke of New-
castle.
WIscount STORMONT.
N. & S. William-David Murray.
Rel. Eld, son of the Earl of Mansfield.
R. of E. Not only in the select number of
burgesses holding by burgage-tenure t,
but also in all the inhabitants paying
scot and lot.
N. of V. from 60 to 64. Pop. 490.
R. O. The Duke of Newcastle’s bailiff.
E. I. The above nobleman is Lord of
the Manor.
This parish, which does not contain more
than one hundred and ten houses, sends
four Members to Parliament, under
the names of the Boroughs of Ald-
borough and Boroughbridge. They
do not, like Steyning and Bramber, in
Sussex, consist of one paltry street,
or, like Weymouth and Melcombe, in
Dorsetshire, unite in choosing four
Members, but are separate and distinct
Boroughs, without arms or corpora-
tion, and destitute of almost every
thing else but Representatives.

ALDEBURGH, Suffolk.
13th Eliz. 2 Bss.
THE MARQUEss of Dou Ro, 2d Parl.
N. & S. Arthur Wellesley.
Offi. Major in the 60th Foot.
Rel. Eld, son of the Duke of Well-
ington.
door of the building which he inhabits; although, by taking inmates, he may for a
time have relinquished the exercise of that exclusive right: nor can a person whose
habitation is composed of more apartments than one be so deemed, unless he possess
an exclusive right to the use of the staircase, doorway, &c. The house must also be
a dwelling-house; and the legal meaning of the term householder must be deter-
mined on the general principles of the law of the land—not on any thing suggested
by local usage.
* Scot and Lot is a term including all parochial assessments for the poor and the
church; also for the expenses of lighting, cleansing, and watching the streets. In
many places, the qualification for votes for members of Parliament, and for muni-
cipal officers, is vested in the payers of Scot and Lot.
+ Burgage tenure has been defined as one undivided and indivisible tenement, nei-
ther created nor capable of being created within the memory of man; but which has
immemorially given a right of voting: or, an entire, indivisible tenement, holden of
the superior lord of a borough, by an immemorial certain rent, distinctly reserved,
to which the right of voting is incident.

ANDO
ANGL
( 292 )
To. Res. Apsley House, Hyde Park-
corner.
THE RIGHT Hon. John-Wilson
CRoKER, D.C.L., F.R.S., & F. L.s.
6th Parl.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Late Secretary to the Admiralty.
Sec. to the Seamen’s Widows’
Charity.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot.
N. of V. about 80.
R. O. Two Bailiffs.
E. I. The Marquess of Hertford is
patron of this Borough.
Pop. 1250.
Mr. Crespigny, a short time before the
general election of 1818, sold his in-
terest in this Borough, without any
property being annexed to it, for
39,000l., to Samuel Walker, Esq. of
Rotherham, in Yorkshire.
ANDOVER, Borough of, Hants.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR. John WALTER Poll EN, Bart.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Hyde Park Hotel, Hyde
Park-place.
Co. Se. Redenham, near Andover,
Hants.
THoMAs Assh ET on SMITH, Jun.
Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Tedworth, near Andover.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough.
R. of E. In the corporation, consisting
of the bailiff and a select number of
burgesses.
N. of V. 24. Pop. 3700.
R. O. The bailiff.
E. I. In the Members themselves. The
Portsmouth family, also, have con-
siderable influence; one of the seats
having been occupied by its junior
branches during the greater part of
the last and present centuries.
At the general election in 1818, the
Earl of Portsmouth (since, pronounced
lunatic) opposed the return of his
brother, the Hon. Newton Fellowes,
who had been his own nominee, and
proposed his father-in-law, John Han-
son, Esq.; but Mr. Fellowes being
heir presumptive to the title and
estates of the Earl, the corporation
considered him as the natural repre-
sentative of their patron's family, and
rejected Mr. Hanson.
ANGLESEYSHIRE, North Wales.
27th Hen. VIII. 1 Knight.
THE EARL of Uxbridge. 3d Parl.
N. & S. Henry Paget.
Offi. State Steward to the Lord Lieut.
of Ireland.
A Lieut. Col. in the Life Guards.
To. Res. 32, Bruton-street.
Co. Se. Halnaker, Petworth, Sussex.
Rel. Eld, son of the Marquess of An-
glesey: bro. to Lord William Paget,
M.P. for Caernarvon.
R. of E. In all freeholders of the County,
of the amount of 40s. per annum.—
Let it be here generally noted that
this is the qualification for voting,
throughout the 52 Counties of Eng-
land and Wales.
E. I. The Marquess of Anglesey is chief
proprietor as well as Lord Lieut. and
Cust. Rotulorum of this island.

N. B. Including the Borough of Beau-
maris, this county furnishes only two
Members to the House of Commons.
The Welsh counties, which are twelve in
number, are represented similarly to
those of Scotland; that is, each sends
one Member to Parliament, whilst
those of England and Ireland send
two.
ANTRIMSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1801. 2 Kts.
THE Hon. John-Rich ARD BRUCE
O’NEIL. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Major-General.
Constable of Dublin Castle.
To. Res. 17, Princes-street, Hanover-
Square.
Co., Se, Tullamore Lodge, Antrim-
shire.
Rel. Bro. to Earl O’Neil.
THE RT. HoN. THE EARL of BEL-
FAST. 4th Parl.
N. & S. George Hamilton Chi-
chester.
Offi. Vice-Chamberlain to the Queen,
A Privy Councillor.
To. Res. 23, Arlington-street.
APPL ( 293 ) ARGY
Rel. Eld, son of the Marquess of
Donegal.
R. of E. Previously to 1829, the free-
holders in the Irish Counties were on
the same footing as those in the English
ones; but the disfranchisement Act
of that year raised the qualification to
vote from 40s. to a clear 10l. per
annum. This revolution in the Irish
representation has of course lessened
the number of electors in an immense
degree; whilst it has at the same time
deprived the landlords of the undue
patronage which they possessed in the
appointment of their own creatures to
all situations of profit within the
County:—the usual bargain between
the minister of the day and the patron
being, that the latter should have the
appointment of officers of excise, cus-
toms, and militia; tax-gatherers, &c.
in exchange for his Parliamentary
support. Previously to the above
enactment, the small freeholders were
created at pleasure, and in any number
which might be deemed sufficient
to overpower an opponent. These
wretched beings held their miserable
half acres by the corrupt tenure of
their votes, whenever called upon, for
the landlord’s nominee : and were the
candidate even Belzebub himself, he
was as sure of being returned as any
gentleman now occupying a seat in
the Honourable the House of Com-
mons. The Act of disfranchising so
many thousand persons,—or in other
words, taking away their means of
supporting existence,—however miser-
able and corrupt these means were—
was, after all, very questionable po-
licy: surely some provision might
have been made to prevent the land-
lords, who had no further use for their
slaves, from turning them out of their
freehold hovels by hundreds, and
sending them forth to starve among
the bogs.
E. I. The Marquesses of Londonderry
and Hertford are the chief land-
holders. The Marquess of Hertford
is Cust. Rotulorum; and the Marquess
of Donegal and Earl O’Neil are Go-
vernors of the county.
APPLEBY, Borough of County of
Viscou NT MAIT LAND. 2d Parl.
N. & S. James Maitland.
To. Res. 1, Regent-street.
Rel. Son of the Earl of Lauderdale:
bro. to the Hon. Anthony Mait-
land, M.P. for Berwickshire: bro.-
in-law to James Balfour, Esq.,
M.P. for Crail, &c.
R. of E. In the burgage-holders; hog-
sties even being allowed to confer
such a right.
W. of V. 100; but this number may
be increased or decreased according to
circumstances. Pop. 1350.
E. I. The Earls of Lonsdale and Thanet
are the proprietors of this borough.
ARGYLESHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Comº.
WALTER FREDERICK CAMPBELL,
Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner. -
To. Res. Brunswick Hotel, 52, Jermyn-
street.

Co. Seats. Woodhall, Lanarkshire;
Islay House, Argyleshire.
Rel. Nephew to the Duke of Argyle :
son-in-law of the Earl of Wemyss.
N. of V. Real, 31; Nominal, 21 :-
Total, 52. Pop. 88,000.
E. I. The Duke of Argyle and his
cousin, Campbell of Shawfield, are the
chief landholders in this county.
ARMAGHSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Its.
CHARLEs Brown Low, Esq. 4th Pa l.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Trustee of the Linen Manu-
facture.
To. Res. 17, Eaton-place, Belgrave-
square.
Co. Se. Lurgan House, Armaghshire.
Rel, Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Darnley.
Viscount ACHEson.
N. & S. Archibald Acheson.
Co. Se. Gosford Castle, in this county.
Rel. Eld, son of the Earl of Gosford.
E. I. The Archbishop who takes his
title from this county possesses very
considerable influence in it; as do also
Westmoreland. 23d Ed. I. 2 B ss. the Earls of Charlemont and Gosford,
THE HON. HENRY TUFT on. 2d Parl. and Mr. Brownlow, one of the repre-
To, Res. 9, Connaught-terrace. sentatives. The Earl of Gosford is
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Thanet. both Governor and Cust. Rotulorum.
ARMA (
294 ) ATHL
ARMAGH, Borough of A.shire,
Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo. III. I B.S.
THE RT. Hon. HENRY Goulbur N.
6th Parl.
A West India Proprietor.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England
and Ireland.
Late Chancellor of the Exchequer.
Co. Se. Betchworth-place, Dorking,
Surrey.
Rel. Cous, to Vis. Chetwynd, I. P.
R. of E. In the self-elected corporation.
N. of V. 13.
E. I. The Most Rev. Father in God, the
Lord Primate of all Ireland, reigns
paramount in this Borough.
ARUNDEL, Borough of, County of
Sussea. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
John ATKINs, Esq. 3d Parl.
A West India Proprietor and Mer-
chant.
Offi. An Alderman of London.
To. Res. 68, Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Halstead Place, Richmore
Hill, Kent.
LoRD DUDLEY CouTT's STUART.
To. Res. 16, Wilton-crescent.
Rel, Yst. bro. of the Marquess of Bute.
R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot.
N. of V. from 450 to 480.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Duke of Norfolk, as Lord of
the noble and ancient Castle of Arun-
del, possesses the patronage of this
Borough ; which, however, at present
he does not exercise. Money is said
to have great influence.
The great and amiable LoRD FALK-
LAND, in conjunction with Lord
ORRERY, the inventor of the astro-
nomical instrument which bears his
name, represented this Borough in the
Parliament of 1660.
Pop. 2600.
ASHBURTON, Borough of Devon-
shire. 26th Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR LAURENCE WAUGH AN PALK,
Bart. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Kenne House, Devon.
WILLIAM. S. Poy Ntz, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 23, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Cowdray Park, Petworth,
Sussex; and Midgham House,
Newbury, Berks.
Rel. Father-in-law to the Marquess of
Exeter, and Baron Clinton.
R. of E. In the burgage-holders of cer-
tain lands or tenements; those of
Halsanger and Hallowell being in-
cluded by a decision of the Hon. the
House of Commons in 1710; because
they lie within and are subject to pa
the Borough rent. -
N. of V. At present 170; but this num-
ber varies according to circumstances.
Pop. 3500.
R. O. The Portreeve appointed at the
Court-Leet of the proprietors.
E. I. Baron Clinton and Sir L. V.
Palk, Bart, the member, are proprie-
tors of the lands.
ATHLONE, Borough of, West-
meathshire, Ir. A. U.41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
RICHARD HAND.cock, Esq. 2d Parl.
Rel. Neph. to Vis. Castlemaine, I. P.
R. of E. In the corporation and bur-
gesses.
N. of V. 71.
E. I. Viscount Castlemaine and Mr.
Handcock, sen. are the patrons of this
Borough.
AYLESBURY, Borough of Bucks.
1st Mary. 2 Bss.
THE RT. Hon. BARoN NUGENT, I. P.
F.S.A. 6th Parl.
N. & S. George Grenville.
Offi. A West India Proprietor.
A Lord of the Treasury.
To. Res. 34. Park-street, Grosvenor-
square.
Co. Se. Novar-house, Lillies, near
Aylesbury, Bucks.
Rel. Bro. to the Duke of Bucking-
ham and Chandos: neph. to Baron
Grenville: cous. to Sir George Nu-
gent, Bart. M.P. for Buckingham.
WILLIAM Rick Ford, Esq. 4th Parl.
Occ. A Banker at Aylesbury.
To. Res. 19, New-street, Spring-gar-
dens.
Co. Res. Aylesbury, Bucks.
R. of E. In all the inhabitant house-
keepers not receiving alms, or par-
ticipating in Mr. Bedford’s Charity;
also in all the freeholders of 40s. and
upwards, in one or more of the three
hundreds of Aylesbury.
AYRS (
AYR
295 )
N. of V. From 600 to 1000. Pop. 4500.
R. O. The Constables returned at the
Court-Leet of the Lords of the Manor.
E. I. The Dukes of Devonshire and
Buckingham are the proprietors of a
moiety of this Borough.
In the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Dame
Pocklington, as Lady of the Manor,
returned the two members to Parlia-
ment. Previously to the extension of
the franchise to the hundreds, bribery
was carried on in the most unblushing
manner. The venal electors were in-
vited to a feast, and before each was
placed a goblet of guineas, which they
jocularly styled “golden punch.”
The representative history of this town is
the most important in the annals of
Parliament, as it involves the famous
cause of Ashby and White, being a
contest between law and privilege,
which produced so serious a difference
between the two Houses, as obliged
Queen Anne to prorogue the Parlia-
ment. Ashby had brought an action
against White and others, the con-
stables, who are returning officers of
this borough, for not receiving his vote.
The House of Commons considered
the interference of a court of law, in
a question which concerned the right
of election, as a breach of their privi-
lege, and ordered all the parties con-
cerned therein, counsel, attorney, and
others, to be taken into custody. Lord
Chief Justice Holt was also ordered to
attend the House, but disregarding the
summons, the Speaker was directed to
proceed with the mace to the Court of
Queen’s Bench, and command his at-
tendance upon the House. The Chief
Justice replied, “Mr. Speaker, if you
do not depart from this court, I will
commit you, though you had the whole
House of Commons in your belly.”
Since this time, actions have been fre-
quently brought by voters against re-
turning officers for refusing to receive
their votes, being duly qualified; and
verdicts have been obtained.
AYRSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne.
WILLIAM BLAIR, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
To. Res. 18, Downing-street.
Co. Se. Blair, Ayrshire.
1 Com.
2d Parl.
N. of V. Real, 28; Nominal, 119:—
Total, 147. Pop. 108,000.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Eglintoun.
AYR, IRVINE, ROTHESAY,
CAMPEELTOWN, and INVERA-
RY, a District of Scottish Boroughs.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1707. 1 Com.
THoMAs FRANCIs KENNEDY, Esq.
3d Pari.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Dunure, Ayrshire.
R. of E. In 83 town-councilmen of the
several Boroughs, who elect delegates
to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 5. Pop. 26,000.
E. I. The Duke of Argyle.
BANBURY, Borough of Oxford-
shire. 1st Mary. I B.S.
HENRY WILLIERs STUART, Esq.
Rel. Cous. to the Marquess of Bute;
and to Lord P.-J.-H...-C. Stuart,
M.P. for Cardiff, &c.
R. of E. In the Mayor, Aldermen, and
capital Burgesses.
N. of V. 18.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. This Borough is under the in-
fluence of the Earl of Guilford; a
junior branch of whose family has
generally filled the representative seat.
Pop. 5400.
BANDONBRIDGE, Borough of,
Corkshire, Ir. A. U. 41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
VIsco UNT BERNARD.
N. & S. Francis Bernard.
To. Res. 3, Connaught-place.
Co. Se. Castle-Bernard, Bandon, Cork-
shire, Ireland.
Rel. Son and heir of the Earl of
Bandon, I. P.
R. of E. In the self-elected corporation.
N. of V. 13.
E. I. The Duke of Devonshire and the
Earl of Bandon possess the patronage
of this Borough.
BANFFSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1707.
John MoRR1son, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Merchant.
To. Res. 16, New Burlington-street.
Co, Se, Auchintoul, Banffshire.
1 Com.
2d Parl.
BARN
BARN
( 296 )
N. of V. Real, 19; Nominal, 15:-
Total, 34. Pop. 38,000.
E. I. The Earl of Fife is the proprietor
of a great portion of this county.
BARNSTAPLE, Borough of De-
vonshire. 23d Edw. III. 2 Bss.
STEPHENs LYNE STEPHENs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
GEoRGE TUDoR, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 28, Park-crescent, Portland-
place.
R. of E. In the mayor, 2 aldermen,
22 common-councilmen, and upwards
of 500 common burgesses, who assume
the right of voting, by prescription,
from the times of the ancient Saxons.
N. of V. 550. Pop. 5300.
R. O. The Mayor.
“If any one Borough in the country is
more corrupt than another, it is this.
The expenses of a candidate at a con-
tested election is from ten to thirteen
thousand pounds. The right of voting
is in the corporation, and about five
hundred burgesses, not more than a
fourth part of whom reside in the town.
The rest are distributed in London,
Bristol, the East and West Indies,
Botany Bay, and all over the world.
About seventy of them reside in
London, and are continually upon the
hunt for candidates, underpretence that
one of their Members is ill, or about
to accept a place, or to be created a
peer, so that a vacancy is expected;
and the person applied to is sure to
be chosen, if he will but give a dinner
or supper to the burgesses residing in
London, and a few guineas to each
by way of a retaining feel—They will,
on these conditions, write to their
friends in the country, to inform them
what a generous candidate they have
procured 1–This generally produces
an invitation from those who reside
there, to the gentleman who has made
so good a beginning, to come down
and be elected. One or two of these
ananagers, as they call themselves,
are to be sent down with their pockets
well supplied, to give a supper at
Bristol, and another at Barnstaple,
and get the invitation signed. They
return with the triumphant instrument.
The candidate accordingly arrives; he
is ushered into the Borough with ring-
ing of bells, is drawn round the town
by the populace, and may think him-
self fortunate if he gets away without
being ruined.
“Above a score of gentlemen we could
name can bear witness to the losses
they have suffered by these impositions.
When a candidate arrives at this place,
the very burgesses who signed their
names to the invitation make no scruple
of refusing him their votes, informing
him they only set their names to the
paper to bring him down, that they
might see how they liked him; and
we have known a great number of the
freemen of this place receive six guineas
each to bear their charges from London
to Barnstaple, at an election; and at
the poll every one of them have voted
against him to get their expenses paid
over again by another candidate!
“These honest electors had once the
fortune to have a candidate as slippery
as themselves: he distributed drafts
for large sums payable in London;
treated the voters with dinners and en-
tertainments; and went off a day or
two before the election, leaving his
agents, managers, and the unfortunate
landlord, who was an innocent man
(having neither a vote nor any concern
in the election), all unpaid, as were
his drafts upon London, which he had
the folly to believe would secure his
election.
“The independent part of the inhabitants
of this town petitioned the House of
Commons in 1819, to extend the right
of voting to the hundreds; alleging
that bribery and corruption were so
prevalent, that forty and fifty pounds
were given for a vote; that the can-
didates and their parties frequently
took possession of the town; and that
the town resembled a fair the night
before an election, the freemen issuing
from houses hired during the time
by the managers, with the bribes in
their hands, for which the liberties of
their country were to be sacrificed the
next morning. This notorious cor-
ruption was at last brought before the
public by a petition from Sir Henry-
Clement Thompson against the return
of the late Sir Manasseh Lopes, Bart.
and Francis Molineux Ommaney, Esq.
at the general election for 1818.
“Although the petition was against the

BASS ( 297
) BEAU
return of both Members, evidence was
brought forward only against Sir M.
Lopes, who was convicted and lost
his seat, and was ordered by the House,
upon the report of the Committee, to
be prosecuted by the Attorney-Ge-
neral. He was tried at the Summer
Assizes, 1819, at Exeter, and was ac-
quitted; but was convicted, upon the
Rel. Bro. to the Marquess of Bath :
uncle to Lord William, and to
Lord Henry-Frederick,Thynne, both
Members for Weobly.

CHARLEs PALMER, Esq. 5th Parl.
Offi. A Major-General in the Army.
To. Res. Cocoa-tree Clubhouse, 64,
St. James’s-street.
clearest evidence, at the preceding R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
assizes, at the same place, of bribing
common-council, who are self-elected.
the Borough of Grampound. N. of V. 28. Pop. 50,000.
“The other Member made his peace with º 0. The Mayor.
the petitioner before the case came to be | B.J. The Marquesses of Bath. and
heard in the Committee.”—Oldfield.
BASSETLAW, Hundred of, Not-
tinghamshire. 1st William IV. 2 Bss.
Viscount NEwARK.
N. & S. Charles Evelyn Pierrepont.
To. Res. 13, Portman-square.
Rel. Eld. son of Earl Manvers.
THE Hon. ARTHUR DUN.com BE.
Offi. A Captain in the Navy.
Camden, and Mr. Palmer, the Mem-
ber, influence the returns for this city;
which has long been represented by the
junior branches of their respective fa-
milies.
William Prynne, who lost his ears on
the pillory for publishing the “His-
trio-Mastir,” represented this city in
1660.
BEAUMARIS, Borough of, Angle-
To, Res. 24, Arlington-street. seyshire, N. W. 27th Hen. VIII. 1 Bs.
Rel. 2d son of Baron Feversham :
bro. to the Hon. W. Duncombe,
M.P. for Yorkshire: neph. to
Thomas Slingsby Duncombe, Esq.
M.P. for Hertford.
R. ºf E. In the freeholders of the Hun- I,
dred, and in the inhabitants of East
SIR RICHARD BULKELEY WILLIAMs-
BULKELEY, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se, Baron Hill, in the County of
Anglesey.
of E. In the mayor, 2 bailiffs, and
21 capital burgesses.
Retford; the same having been ex- o -
tended last session, on account of noto- #. % º Pop. 2300.
rious bribery, among the latter at a E. L. Pj by Sir R. Bulkeley.
previous election.
N. of V. 1750. By an act made in the 27th of Henry
Pop. of East Retford, alone, 2030.
E. I. Exercised by Earl Manvers and
the Duke of Newcastle. The latter
nobleman has in a great measure relin-
quished the patronage of this town and
hundred, having found that the ex-
penditure of 60,000l. did not give him
that influence which he reasonably ex-
pected.
BATH, City “ of, Somersetshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
Lo BD Joh NTH YNNE, F.S.A. 9th Parl.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
To. Res. 15, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
VIII., the 12 counties, and as many
towns, or districts of towns, in Wales,
were privileged to send Members to
Parliament. The Boroughs of Beau-
maris and Montgomery can alone be
said to be under absolute control.
The influence which prevails in the
other towns is not the produce of cor-
ruption, but arises from the popularity
and hospitality of men of considerable
property, whose residences are conti-
guous, and who are ready to afford
the inhabitants any assistance or advice
which the exigencies of their situation
may require. An instance of bribery
is very uncommon among them. This
town is the only place in Wales
* Cities are either sees of Bishops, as Bath, Winchester, &c., or enjoy certain
privileges by royal charter, as Westminster.
Q Q
- BEDF
BEER
( 298 )
where the right of election has been
limited to a corporation, and where
thirteen individuals, which is a majo-
rity of this select body, return the
Member.
BED FORDSHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 2 Kits,
THE MARQUE'ss of TAvis Tock.
6th Parl.
N. & S. Francis Russel.
To. Res. 6, Carlton House-terrace.
Co. Se, Oakley House, Bedfordshire.
Rel. Eld. son of the Duke of Bedford:
bro. to Lord John Russel, M. P. for
Tavistock: bro.-in-law to the Earl
of Harrington: nephew to Lord
William Russel, M. P. for Tavi.
stock.
WILLIAM STUART, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 18, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Tempsford Hall, St. Neot's,
Bedfordshire.
E. ſ. Possessed by the Duke of Bed-
ford, and by Baron Grantham who is
Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rotulorum of
the county.
Including the town of Bedford, this
county returns, altogether, only 4
Members to Parliament.
BEDFORD, Borough of, Beds.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
WILLIAM-HENRYWHITBREAD, Esq.
A Land Owner. 4th Parl.
Occ. A brewer in London.
To. Res. 99, Eaton-square.
Co. Se, Southill, near Biggleswade,
Beds; and Purfleet, Essex.
Rel. Nephew to Earl Grey: cous, to
Viscount Howick, M.P. for Higham-
Ferrers.
FREDER1ck Polhi L.L., Esq.
Offi. A Captain in the Army.
R. of E. In the burgesses, freemen, and
inhabitant-householders not receiving
alms.
N. of V. about 1500. Pop. 5600.
R. O. The Mayor and 2 Bailiffs.
BEDWIN, Borough of, Wilts.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
THE RT. Hon. SIR John Nicholl,
K.T., D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.S.A. 8th Parl.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Dean of the Arches, and Judge of
the Prerogative Court of Canter-
bury.
Judge of the Admiralty Court.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
To. Res. 26, Bruton-street.
Co. Se. Merthyrmawr, Glamorganshire.
Jon N-JAcob Buxton, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Shadwell Lodge, Norfolk;
and Torkenham House, Wilts.
Rel. Eld. son of Sir R.-J. B. Bart. :
bro.-in-law to Sir M. Cholmeley,
Bt., M.P. for Grantham: cousin to
Sir Thomas Beevor, Bart.
R. of E. In the freeholders and inhabit-
ants of ancient burgage-messuages,
who are occasionally increased or de-
creased.
N. of V. about 80. Pop. 1928.
R. O. A Portreeve, nominated at the
court-leet of the lord of the manor.
E. I. Patron, the Marquess of Ayles-
bury.
BEERALSTON, Borough of Devon.
27th Eliz. 2 Bss.
DAvid Lyon, Esq. 1st Parl.
To. Res. 34, Lower Grosvenor-street.
CHR1stop HER BLAck ETT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Wylam, Northumberland.
R. of E. In the freehold tenants of up-
wards of 70 burgage-tenures, paying
an ancient threepenny burgage-rent to
the lord of the borough.
N. of V. 100. Pop. So small as not to
be distinguished in the Population Re-
turns.
R. O. The Portreeve.
E. I. The Earl of Beverley is lord of the
manor and borough. The ceremony
of summoning the electors at the last
election was dispensed with; the port-
reeve only, and his clerk, attending!!!

BELFAST, Borough of, Antrimshire,
Ireland. A. U.41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
SIR ARTHUR CHIcHESTER, Bart.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 15, Sackville-street.
Co. Se. Castle Carey, Moville.
Rel. º to the Marquess of Done-
gal.
BERK
BEVE
( 299 )
R. of E. In the self-elected corporation.
N. of W. 13.
E. I. The Marquess of Donegal is
lord paramount of this borough.
BERKSHIRE. 18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
CHARLEs DUNDAs, Esq. 10th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Manor House, near Buck-
ingham-gate.
Co. Se. Barton Court, near Newbury,
Berks; Aston Hall, near Hawarden,
North Wales.
Rel. Cous. to Baron Dundas.
Rob ERT PALMER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 6, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Holme Park, Berks.
E. I. Was once possessed by the Earls of
Craven; from whom it has been trans-
ferred to Lord Dundas. The Earl of
Abingdon is Lord Lieut. and Custos
Rotulorum.
Nine Members are returned to Parlia-
ment by this county and its 4 bo-
roughs.
3d Parl.
BERWICKSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
THE Hon. ANTHoNY MAITLAND,
C.B. 3d Parl.
Offi. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 19, Bury-street, St. James's.
Rel. 2d son of the Earl of Lauderdale:
bro. to Viscount Maitland, M. P.
for Appleby: bro.-in-law to James
Balfour, Esq. M.P. for Crail, &c.
N. of V. Real, 37; Nominal,87:—Total,
124. Pop. 32,000.
E. I. Possessed by the Earls of Home
and Lauderdale.
BERWICK-UPON-TWEED,
Boroughof“, B.-shire. Hen. VIII. 2Bss.
MARcus BEREs Ford, Esq. 3d Parl.
Offi. Lieut. Col. in the Army.
SIR FRANcis BLARE, Bart. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Tilmouth Park, Northumber-
land.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this Bo-
rough.
R. of E. In the burgesses, and those free-
men who are regularly admitted and
sworn ; but who need not be resident.
N. of V. about 1500. Pop. 9000.
E. I. Marquess of Waterford and Sir
Francis Blake.
The non-resident freemen of the borough
of Berwick-upon-Tweed, living in
London, being put on board two ves-
sels in the Thames, immediately pre-
vious to the election of 1768, in order
to be conveyed to Berwick by water,
Mr. Taylor, one of the candidates in
opposition, covenanted with the naval
commander of this election-cargo, for
the sum of 400l., to land the freemen
in Norway. This was accordingly
done, and Mr. Taylor and Lord De-
laval gained their election without
any farther expense!!
BEVERLEY, Borough of Yorkshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
HENRY BURT on, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 1, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Hotham Hall, Market Weigh-
ton, York.
DANIEL SYKEs, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
Offi. Recorder of Hull.
To. Res. Warren's Hotel, 1, Regent-
Street.
Co. Se. Raywell Hill, Yorkshire.
R. of E. In the freemen of the borough,
who acquire their franchise by birth,
servitude, or purchase.
N. of V. About 1700, of whom only about
150 are resident. Pop. 7800.
R. O. The Mayor.
BEWDLEY, Borough of Worces-
tershire. James I. 1 Bs.
WILson-AYLESBURY Roberts, Esq.
4th Parl.
To. Res. 26, Dover-street.
* By 20th of George II., chap. 42, it was enacted that Berwick-upon-Tweed and
Wales shall be included in all Ācts of Parliament, wherein the kingdom of Eng-
land, or that part of Great Britain called England, should thereafter be mentioned.

BISH (
BODM
300 )
R. of E. In the corporation, consisting
of a bailiff and 12 capital burgesses,
who, if they choose, may elect other
burgesses to vote with them.
N. of V. 45. Pop. 3800.
R. O. The Steward of the Lord of the
Manor, who is
E. I. Baron Lyttleton.
BISHOPS CASTLE, Borough of
Co. of Salop. 15th Eliz. 2 Bss.
Edward Rogers, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Hies. 17, Regent-street.
Co. Se. Stanage Park, Radnorshire.
FREDER1ck - HAMILT on Corn E-
wALL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Delbury, Salop.
R, of E. In the bailiff, and all the bur-
gesses within the borough.
N. of V. Upwards of 60.
R. O. The Bailiff.
E. I. Earl Powis,
Pop. 1900.
BLETCHINGLEY, Borough of,
Co. of Surrey. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
CHARLEs TENNYson, Esq. 4th Parl.
(Re-elected.)
To. Res. 4, Park-street, Westminster.
Co. Se. Cainby Hall, Lincolnshire.
Offi. Clerk of the Ordnance.
Rel. Nephew to Mr. Russell, patron of
the Borough.
SIR WILLIAM HoſtNE, Kt.
Offi. His Majesty’s Solicitor General.
To. Res. 19, Old-square, Lincoln’s-
inn, and 46, Upper Harley-street,
Co. Se. Epping Green, Hertfordshire.
R. of E. In the burgage-holders only,
exclusive of the mayor.
N. of V. 80.
R. O. The Mayor. -
E. I. Belongs to Mr. Russell, a great
coal-mine proprietor in the north of
England, and M.P. for the County of
Durham, who purchased the freehold
houses of the Borough from the late
Welsh Judge Kenrick, for 60,000/.;
the judge retaining the whole of the
property which his father purchased
(along with the borough) of the late
Sir Robert Clayton, for 10,000l.
This is considered as the best parlia-
mentary bargain that was ever made
in the annals of boroughmongering:
besides which Mr. Kenrick obtained,
Pop. 1400.
while he was in possession of this bo-
rough, a Welsh judgeship for himself,
a prebend's stall for his brother, and
a sinecure place in one of the palaces
for his sister!—All election affairs are
managed by Mr. Tennyson, one of the
Members.
BODMYN, Borough of, Duchy of
Cornwall. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
Davies GILBERT, Esq., F.R.s. and
F.L.S. 8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Late President of the Royal Society.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 45, Bridge-street, West-
mlnster.
Co. Se. Eastbourne, Sussex;
Tredrea, Cornwall.
and
Parl. Pat. One Member for this
Borough.
HoRAcE - BEAU champ SEY Moun,
Esq. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Captain in the Army.
Rel. Cous. to the Marquess of Hert-
ford.
R. of E. In the mayor, 11 aldermen,
and 24 burgesses, who form the com-
mon council.
N. of V. 36.
R. O. The Mayor.
E.J. The Marquess of Hertford and
Mr. Gilbert are the proprietors of this
Borough; the representation of which
is as completely at the disposal of
its patrons, as that of Old Sarum
is of its proprietor. Many of the
corporation being poor men, receive
a weekly stipend in the same manner
as the parish paupers, and they are
all under the management of an attor-
ney, who is called King of Bodmin.
The more opulent members of the body
are provided for by appointments un-
der government.
Pop. 3500.
BOROUGHBRIDGE, Yorkshire.
1st Mary. 2 Bss.
SIR CHARLEs WETHERELL, Knt.
3d Parl,
Off. King's Counsel.
Recorder of Bristol.
To. Res. 7, Whitehall-place, and 5,
Stone-buildings, Lincoln’s-inn.
MATTHIAs Attwood, Esq. 3d Parl.
Occ. A Banker in London and Bir.
mingham.
To. Res. 27, Gracechurch-street.
BOSS
BRAC
( 301 )
R. of E. In the burgage-holders, ac-
cording to ancient usage.
N. of V. Between 65 and 76, Pop. 900.
R. O. The Bailiff, whois appointed at the
Lord of the Manor's Court-Leet.
E. I. The Duke of Newcastle and Mr.
Lawson.
The bailiff of Boroughbridge is generally
an innkeeper. At one time, in order to
have the opportunity of receiving bribes
at elections, without rendering himself
liable to the penalty, this personage
was in the habit of procuring one of
his own ostlers to be elected bailiff
pro tem., and he himself carried the
mace before him! (See Aldborough.)
Sir Richard Steele, the celebrated author
of the Tatler, who represented this
Borough in 1714, carried his election
against a powerful opposition by the
laughable expedient of sticking two
apples full of guineas; and declaring
to the electors, before whom he held
them up, that the largest should be the
prize of that man whose wife should
be the first to bring forth a boy after
that day nine months, and that the
other should belong to him who should
become the father of a girl within the
same period. This finesse procured
him the interest of the women; who
are said to commemorate Sir Richard’s
bounty to this day. They once made
a strenuous effort to procure a resolu-
tion, that no man should ever be re-
ceived as a candidate, who did not offer
himself to their consideration, upon the
Salme terms.
BOSSINEY or TINTAGEL, with
TREVEKA, Borough of, Cornwall.
7th Edw. VI. 2 Bss.
THE Hon. John-STUART Wort-
LEY. 3d Parl.
Co. Se. Wortley Hall, Yorkshire.
Rel. Eld. son of Baron Wharncliffe.
EDwARD-Rose TUNNo, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 19, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Llangenaack Park, Caermar-
thenshire; and Red Rice House,
Andover, Hants.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this
Borough.
R. of E. In the freemen or boroughmen.
N. of V. From 30 to 36 and upwards,-
In 1781 and 1790, a single surviving
boroughman nominated the two repre-
sentatives! Pop. 900.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Baron Wharncliffe and Mr. Tunno
are the proprietors of this Borough,
“This Borough never had a charter, ex-
cept a pretended one from Richard,
Earl of Cornwall, of which no vestige
is to be found; and, if it was, it could
only be a charter of exemption or pri-
vilege, and not a charter of incor-
poration, for no such were granted at
that period: notwithstanding which,
here is an assumed mayor, who also
assumes the power of determining how
many of the freeholders shall be ad-
mitted to exercise the elective fran-
chise, and how many shall be excluded
from that right, confining even this
limited right to a minority, and ex-
cluding fourteen out of twenty-four,
who have freeholds of inheritance
within the Borough, and reside in the
parish; and, consequently, have the
same right, whatever it may be, as
attaches to the remaining ten who
possess only the same qualification.
“The manner of managing the Borough,
as we are informed by several of the
voters, is by distributing 1507, to each
voter after every general election, and
dividing 500l. between them whenever
a single vacancy takes place.”—Old-


field.
BOSTON, Borough of Lincolnshire.
1st Edw, VI. 2 Bss.
NEILL MALcol M, Jun. Esq. 2d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant, and East and West
India Proprietor.
To. Res. 1, Princes-street, Hanover-
square.
John WILKs, Esq.
Prof. A Solicitor.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
common council, with such freemen
as claim their franchise by birth or
servitude, and who, being resident,
pay scot and lot.
N. of W. about 400. Pop. 10,500.
R. O. The Mayor.
BRACKLEY, Borough of North-
amptomshire. 1st Edw. VI. 2 Bss.
Rob ERT-HALDANE BRADshaw Esq.
A Land Owner, 8th Parl.
BRAM ( 302 ) BREC
An East India Proprietor.
Occ. Solicitor to the Marquess of
Stafford.
To. Res. 12, Parliament-street.
Co. Se. Runcorn, Cheshire; and
Worsley Hall, Lancashire. ,
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough.
JAMEs BRADSHAw, Esq. 3d Parl.
Offi. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 98, Eaton-square.
Rel. Second son of the other Member.
R. of E. In the corporation, consisting
of a mayor, 5 aldermen, and 26 bur-
gesses, who may be resident or not.
N. of V. 32. Pop. 1860.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Bradshaw family,
supported by the Marquess of Stafford.
It is said, that on one occasion, a hat-
full of guineas was offered to an Alder-
man of this Borough for his vote—
but refused
BRAMBER, Borough of, Sussea.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
John IRVING, Esq. 5th Parl.
Occ. A West India Merchant, and
East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 1, Richmond-terrace.
Co. Se. Ashford, near Staines, Middle-
Sex.
THE Hon. FREDERICK-Gough CAL-
THORPE, 4th Parl.
Offi. A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
To. Res. 29, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Elvesham, Hartford Bridge,
Hants.
Rel. Bro. of Baron Calthorpe: son-
in-law to the Duke of Beaufort.
R. of E. In persons paying scot and lot,
and inhabiting houses built on ancient
joundations.
N. of V. Varies from 20 to 36: at the
last election the former was the number.
Pop. 166.
R. O. A Constable appointed at the
Duke of Rutland’s Court Leet.
E. I. Wested in this Duke and in Baron
Calthorpe.
This is a burgage-tenure, or nomination
Borough. The place altogether con-
* The Spectator Newspaper of Jan. 2,
sists only of twenty-two miserable
thatched cottages, and is composed of
two intersections of a street, the upper
and middle parts of which constitute
another pocket Borough, called Stey-
ning, belonging to the Duke of Nor-
folk.
Bramber is divided into two parts; the
north part, joining to the Borough of
Steyning, is half a mile from the south
division, called Bramber-street. From
the year 1298 to 1472, it was joined
with Steyning as one Borough, in
the writs for electing members; since
which time they have returned bur-
gesses to serve in Parliament, as dif-
ferent Boroughs.
-
BRECKNOCKSHIRE, S. Wales.
27th Hen. VIII. 1 Kt.
THoMAs Wood, Esq. 7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Col. of the East Middlesex
Militia.
To. Res. 16, Stratton-street.
Co. Se, Gwernevet, Brecknockshire;
and Littleton, Staines, Middlesex.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess of
Londonderry.
E. I. The Duke of Beaufort is Lord
Lieutenant and Cust. Rotulorum.
This County, with its Borough of Brecon,
returns only two Members to Parlia-
ment 1
BRECON, Borough of, Brecknock-
shire, S. Wales. 27th Hen. VIII. 1 Bs.
CHARLEs-MoRe AN-Robinson MoR-
GAN, Esq.
To. Res. 70, Pall-Mall.
Rel. Son of Sir Charles Morgan, Bart.,
M.P. for Monmouthshire: bro.-in-
law to Baron Rodney.

R. of E. In the corporation and free
burgesses.
N. of V. 700°. Pop. 2700.
R. O. The two bailiffs.
E. I. Sir Charles Morgan, Bart.
BRIDGENORTH, Borough of,
Shropshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
1831, states the number to be only 20 !
BRID
BRID
( 303 )
THoMAs WHITMoRE, Esq. 7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 7, Harley-street.
Co. Se. Apley Park, Shropshire.
WILLIAM-Wolnych E WHITMoRE,
Esq. 3rd Parl.
Co. Se. Dudmaston, Shropshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Brad-
ford: son of the first Member.
R. of E. In the corporation and freemen
within and without the Borough.
N. of V. between 750 and 800. Pop.
4680.
R. O. Two Bailiffs who are annually
elected from 24 Aldermen, by a jury
of 14 Burgesses.
E. I. The family of Whitmore of Apley,
a seat in the neighbourhood, have re-
presented this Borough ever since the
reign of James I., with the exception of
only five Parliaments.
BRIDGEWATER, Borough
Somersetshire. 23rd Edw. I. 2 BSs.
WILLIAM As TELL, Esq. 6th Parl.
Offi. Chairman of the East India Com-
pany.
To. Res. 4, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Everton House, Biggleswade,
Bedfordshire.
CHARLEs-KEMEYsKEMEYs-TYNTE,
Esq., F.S.A. 3rd Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 16, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Halsewell House, near Bridge-
water, Somersetshire; Burnhill, Sur-
rey; and Cefn-Mabley, Glamorgan-
shire.
of,
R. ºf E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot within the Borough;-those of
the Eastern and Western divisions of
the parish of Bridgewater having no
right to vote.
N. of V. about 300. Pop. 6320.
Bridgewater was very corrupt previously
to the extension of its franchise. Pigs,
parrots, and dogs have been known to
be sold for one hundred guineas each
at the elections for this Borough; and
in most cases, the buyers forgot, or neg-
lected, to claim their purchases; the
votes of the sellers being the main
points. A blacksmith in this town
charged a candidate fifty guineas for
shoeing his horse. The other candidate,
however, called upon him, saying, he
wanted two shoes for his horse: they
were made; the elector receiving one
hundred guineas, and giving his vote
for the latter; whilst he refused to re-
turn the bribe he had received from
the first candidate.—Sums of three,
four, and five hundred guineas have
been given for single votes!
A Correspondent of the Spectator News-
paper thus writes respecting the repre-
sentation of Bridgewater: —
“You are not aware, I am sure, of the
nature of the influence exercised there
by Mr. Astell, one of the Members.
A person, resident in Bridgewater,
told me, a few months ago, that every
voter in the town has one or more
sons, or other relatives, provided for
by Mr. Astell with situations in the
India House, or in India; that it is a
regular business affair between Mr.
Astell and the voters, who “demand”
appointments in return for their votes,
in the true trading spirit. As a further
corroboration, I have to mention having
met with the Captain of an East India
ship, who told me, that he has never
yet sailed without having Bridgewater
persons to carry out, either as cadets,
or officers, or some appointments or
other, which he attributed to Mr.
Astell's interference as Chairman,—
as indeed the parties came by official
command ; for which he and all about
him had no resource but respectful
submission.”

BRIDPORT, Borough of, Dorset-
shire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR. HoRAcE-DAvid CHolwell ST.
PAUL, Bart. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
To. Res. 13, Chapel-street, Grosvenor-
square.
Co. Se. Ewart Park, Wooler, North-
umberland.
HENRY WARBURTon, Esq. 2d Parl,
Occ. A Merchant.
To. Res. 45, Cadogan-place.
R. ºf E. In all the inhabitant house-
keepers, not receiving alms, and paying
scot and lot.
N. of V. about 330.
R. O. Two Bailiffs.
E. I. The Corporation possesses one
moiety.
Pop. 3800.

BRIS
BUCK
( 304 )
This Borough, like all others, has a
stated price, which the voters call their
birth-right: several candidates left
them at the election in 1812, in con-
sequence of their demanding payment
beforehand 1
The voters are mostly poor, and em-
ployed in the trade of the town, as flax-
twine-spinners, flax-combers, &c. Mr.
Warburton is returned on the influ-
ence of the Corporation, nearly all of
whom are Dissenters, and chiefly Uni-
tarians. Sir H. St. Paul is returned
by the church party.
The voters, when there is no contest, are
paid ten poundseach for both Members;
but when the election is contested, the
price is from twenty to thirty pounds.
These wretched beings look upon this
douceur as a quid pro quo. After Sir
E. Nepean had been, some years since,
returned for the borough, a voter called
on him for the customary twenty pounds
for his vote; which being refused, the
voter replied, “Then I'll be d d
if I don’t arrest you for it.”
“The payment of the consideration is
commonly effected in this manner:—
About two years after the election,
the Members send down the money
to their respective attorneys, who in-
close the ten pound note to the voter
in a letter, which he receives through
the medium of the Bridport post-office.
Until a few years ago, the Corporation
returned both Members; but on a con-
test taking place, the Speaker's warrant
was issued for the production of the
corporation documents; in consequence
of which they came to an agreement
with the church party (their former
opponents), who have ever since been
allowed to return one of the Members
—in order to preserve the peace of the
town l’’-Spectator Newspaper, Jan.
2, 1831.
C.
«
º
4.
BRISTOL, City and County of,
Somersetshire, 47th Edw. III. 2 Cits.
Rich ARD HART DAVIs, Esq. 3d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant.
To. Res. 38, Conduit-street.
Co. Se. Mortimer House, Clifton,
Gloucestershire.
John-Eva N. BAILLIE, Esq.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 1, Seamore-place, Curzon-
Street.
-
R. of E. In the freeholders of forty shil-
lings a year, and upwards; and in the
free burgesses or freemen.—Persons
who marry the daughters or widows
of citizens are thereby made free.
N. of V. Between 5000 and 5200 re-
sidents, and about 1500 non-residents.
Pop. 78,500.
R. O. The two Sheriffs.
Every man who marries a freeman's
daughter or widow is entitled to his
freedom; and as the certificate of bap-
tism is evidence of their birth in the
place, persons bring their children
from all quarters, and at all ages, to
be christened at Bristol. The contest
at the last election was between the
Quakers and Methodists, and the West
India merchants; and one of the Mem-
bers is supposed to have spent 25,000l.
in canvassing voters at their residences
in distant places, bringing them to the
poll, and maintaining them during the
election.—The expense of a Bristol
election has been estimated at 1000l.
per day to each candidate 1
The privilege we have mentioned was
granted by Queen Anne, who was
pleased with the hospitality shown by
the people of Bristol to her husband,
George, Prince of Denmark. She
asked what privileges she should confer
upon them; and they requested this one,
because their women were so ugly ſ—
Freemen's daughters have been known
to be married for the express purpose
of qualifying their husbands to vote;
and in some instances, the husband
selected for the occasion, after fulfilling
the purpose of the marriage, appears
to have provided against the evils that
might arise from having a bad partner,
by discovering that the marriage has
no validity, from the circumstance of
his having a former wife living !
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.
18th Edw. III.
THE MARQUEss of CHANDos.
4th Parl.
N. & S. Richard-Plantagenet–Gren-
ville-Brydges - Nugent - Chandos-
Temple Grenville.
Offi. Chairman of the West India
Body.
High Steward of Winchester.
To. Res. 95, Pall-Mall.
Co. Sc. Wotton House, Bucks.
2 Kts.
BUCK ( 305
) BUTE
* Rel. Son and heir to the Duke of
Buckingham: son-in-law to the
Earl of Breadalbane.
THE Hon. Robert T-Joh N SMITH.
- 4th Parl.
To, Res. 3, Belgrave-street.
Co. Se. Gayhurst, Newport Pagnall,
Bucks.
Rel. Son and heir of Baron Carring-
ton: bro.-in-law to Baron Fo-
rester. His lady is niece to the
Duke of Rutland.
E. I. The Duke of Buckingham is Lord
Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum;
and exercises one moiety of the pa-
tronage.
This County and its 6 Boroughs return
14 Members to Parliament.
BUCKINGHAM, Borough of Bucks.
33d Herz, VIII. 2 B&s.
SIR GEoRGE NU GENT, Bart., G.c.B.
- 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A General in the Army.
Colonel of the 6th Regt. of Foot.
Governor of St. Mawe's.
Late Commander-in-chief in India.
Co. Se. Westthorpe House, near Mar-
low, Bucks.
Rel, Cousin to the Duke of Bucking-
ham; and to Baron Nugent, M.P. for
Aylesbury: 2d cousin to the Mar-
quess of Chandos, M.P. for Bucking-
hamshire: fa.-in-law to the other
Member for Buckingham, viz.:-
SIRTHoMAs-FRANcis FREEMANTLE,
Bart. 2d Parl.
(Who is a Baron of the Austrian
Empire.)
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
Co. Sc. Swanbourne, Bucks,
Iºel. Son-in-law to the other Member.
R. of E. In the bailiff and twelve bur-
gesses.
N. of V. 13.
R. O. The bailiff.
A. J. The Duke of Buckingham is pro-
prietor and High Steward; and the
bailiff and burgesses are his relatives
and dependants.-The patronage has
existed in his Grace's family during
the last 150 years
Pop. 3465.
BURY ST.EDMUND's, Boroughof,
Suffolk. 4th James I. 2 Bss.
THE EARL of Euston. 2d Parl.
N. & S. Henry Fitzroy.
To. Res. 7, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se, Salcey Forest, Northampton-
shire.
Rel. Eld. son of the Duke of Grafton:
nephew to the Duke of Gloucester:
bro. to Lord Charles Fitzroy, jun.,
M.P. for Thetford.

EARL JERMYN. 2d Parl,
N. & S. Frederick-William Hervey.
To. Res. 6, St. James's-square.
Rel, Eld, son of the Marquessof Bristol.
R. of E. In the corporation, consisting
of an alderman, 12 burgesses, and 24
common-councilmen.
N. of V. 37.
R. O. The Alderman.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Grafton
and the Marquess of Bristol; whose
families have each returned a Member
ever since the year 1747; previous to
which time it had been under the sole
patronage of the Earls of Bristol.
Pop. 10,200.
BUTE and CAITHNESS SHIRES,
Scotland. A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
THE RT. HoN. SIR WILLIAM RAE,
Bart. 4th Parl.
Prof. An Advocateat the Scottish Bar.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Late Lord Advocate of Scotland.
To. Res. 13, Park-place, St. James's.
Co. Se. St.Catherine's, Edinburghshire.

R. of E. The freeholders of these coun-
ties send a Member to Parliament, al-
ternately.
N. of V. Real for Bute, 9; the same for
Caithness, 13:-Total, 22.
Nominal for Bute, 9; the same for
Caithness, 11:—Total, 20.
Grand Total, 42.
Pop. Bute, 12,200; Caithness, 24,000:
—Total, 36,200.
E. I. The Marquess of Bute, and Sir
John Sinclair.


CALLINGTON, Borough of Corn-
wall. 27th Eliz. 2 Bss.
ALEXANDER BARING, Esq. 7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Merchant and East India Pro-
prietor.
Offi. A Trustee of the British Museum.
R. R.
CALN
CAMB
( 306 )
To. Res. 82, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. The Grange, Alresford, Hamp-
shire; Shoreham, near Seven Oaks,
Kent; and Marine Parade, Brigh-
ton.
Rel. Father to the other Member for
Callington; and to Francis Baring,
Esq., M.P. for Portsmouth: brother
to Sir Thomas Baring, Bart., M.P.
for Wycombe: uncle to Francis
Baring, Esq., M.P. for Thetford.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Call-
ington; one Member for Thetford.
WILLIAM BINGHAM BARING, Esq.
2d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant.
To. Res. 12, Great Stanhope-street.
Rel. Son of the other Member.
R. of E. In the possessors of 52 burgage
tenures, paying scot and lot.
N. of V. 52. Pop. 1340.
R. O. A Portreeve chosen at the court-
leet of the lord of the manor.
E. I. Formerly possessed by Baron
Clinton, now by Mr. Alexander Bar-
ing, who purchased the borough of his
lordship. In Lord Clinton's time the
electors received 10l. per man; the
present price of their votes is known
only to themselves and the donor.
CALNE, Borough of Wiltshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR JAMEs MAcDon ALD, Bt. 5th Par.
Off. A Clerk of the Privy Seal.
Co. Se. East Sheen, Surrey.
Rel. Nephew to the Marquess of Staf-
ford: cousin to Baron Gower; to
Lord Francis Leveson Gower, M.P.
for Sutherlandshire; to the lady of
the Earl of Surrey, M.P. for Hor-
sham; and to the lady of Viscount
Belgrave, M.P. for Cheshire: son-
in-law to the Earl of Albemarle.
MACAULAY,
2d Parl.
THom(As-BABINGTON
Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Offi. A Commissioner of Bankrupts.
To. Res. 8, South-square, Gray’s-inn.
R. of E. In the ancient burgesses.
N. of V. 24. Pop. 4612.
R. O. The Guild-Stewards.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Lansdowne.
Calne, now a decayed town, was once
famous for its manufacture of broad-
cloth. The Marquess of Lansdowne,
whilst presenting several petitions to
the Lords, in favour of the Parlia-
mentary Reform Bill, on Tuesday,
March 15, 1831, among which was one
from the Corporation of Calne, said,
that “It would not be regular for
him to state the nature of the influence
which he possessed in that town; and
all that he would say was to declare,
that that influence never was to be
purchased, and never was sold; also
that he was the proprietor of only
four houses in the town, paying 10l.
a year.”
CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
LoRD FRAN cis-Godolph IN. Os-
BORNE. 8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 23, New Norfolk-street,
Park-lane.
Co. Se. Gogmagog Hall, near Cam-
bridge; and Maid's Morton, Bucks.
Rel. Brother to the Duke of Leeds:
bro.-in-law to Baron Auckland.
HENRY-John ADEANE, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
E. I. The Earl of Hardwicke is Lord
Lieut. and Cust. Rotulorum.
Mr. Adeane was brought in by subscrip-
tion by the Freeholders in the liberal
interest, upon the distinct pledge of
supporting radical reform. He was
selected to oust the Rutland family,
which had so long domineered over
the county.
In the writs to the sheriffs both of Cam-
bridgeshire and Oxfordshire, there are
clauses for the election of representa-
tives for the respective universities; in
which, alone, they differ from the ge-
neral form.
It was settled in 1724,thatCambridgeshire,
including its university and borough,
should return six members to parlia-
ment. In this county all members of
colleges, halls, or corporations, having
no freeholds saving in right thereof,
and parsons and vicars having no free-
holds but glebe-lands, are excluded
from voting.
CAMIBRIDGE, Borough of, Cam-
bridgeshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
THE RIGHT HON, THE MARQUEss of
GRAHAM. 2d Parl.
CAMB
CAME
( 307 )
N. & S. James Graham.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Commissioner of the India Board.
To. Res. 47, Albemarle-street.
Rel. Eld. son of the Duke of Mon-
trose : brother to Lord Montague-
William Graham, M.P. for Dum-
bartonshire.
FREDERIck-WILLIAMTRENCH, Esq.
3d Parl.
Offi. A Col. in the Army, and Aide-
de-camp to the King.
Store-Keeper of the Ordnance.
To. Res. 7, Bolton-street, Piccadilly.
R. of E. In the mayor, bailiffs, and
freemen not receiving alms.
N. of V. From 240 to 250. Pop.
14,300.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Rutland.
The great SIR CHRISTop HER WREN
represented this Borough in 1685.
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY,
Cambridgeshire. 1st James I.
2 Representatives.
THE RT. HoN. Viscount PALMER-
sTon, I. P. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
N. & S. Henry-John Temple.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Principal Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs.
To. Res. 9, Great Stanhope-street.
Co. Se. Broadlands Park, near Rom-
sey, Hampshire.
WILLIAM CAve NDISH, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 10, Belgrave-square.
Rel. 2d cousin and heir to the Duke
of Devonshire: grandson to Lord
George-Augustus-HenryCavendish,
M.P. for Derbyshire: nephew to
the Hon. Henry-Frederick Compton
Cavendish, M.P. for Derby: son-
in-law to the Earl of Carlisle.
R. of E. In such members of the Uni-
versity as have attained the degree of
Doctor, or Master of Arts, provided
they are 21 years of age.
N. of V. About 1200.
R. O. The Vice-Chancellor and Heads
of Colleges.
The immortal SIR ISAAC NEwton
represented this University in 1688
and 1701.
CAMELFORD, Borough of Corn-
wall. 6th Edw. VI. 2 Bss.
MARK MILBANK, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Thorpe Hall, Yorkshire.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Marquess of
Cleveland.
SHELDoN CRADock, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Col. of the North-York Militia.
Co. Se. Hartforth, Yorkshire.
R. of E. In such burgesses as are resi-
dent housekeepers and pay scot and lot.
N. of V. 25; but in 1796 they
amounted to 9 only. Pop. 1286.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Cleveland; who, when Earl of Dar-
lington, bought the Borough from Mr.
Carpenter for 51,000l., besides 7000l.
more which he paid for five houses
within the Borough.-Who is there
who does not consider that, in mak-
ing so great a sacrifice as to vote
on the side of Reform, his Lordship is
really a “Most Noble Marquess?”
We understand that it has always been
customary to give the Camelford voters
300l. per man; but the contest of
1818 more than doubled the price of
their votes.
CANTERBURY, City of, Kent.
23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
THE Hon. RICHARD WATson.
Offi. Captain in the 10th Dragoons.
Rel, Yst. bro. of Lord Sondes.
Viscount Fordwich.
N. & S. George-Augustus Cowper.
Offi. A Lieutenant in the Army.
Co. Se. Mote House, Kent.
Rel, Eld, son of Earl Cowper.

R. of E. In the citizens and freemen at
large.
N. of V. About 1600; 900 being resi-
dent, and 700 dwelling elsewhere.
Pop. 13,200.
R. O. The Sheriff.
The last election is said to have cost each
of the candidates ºf 5000; but this
is not to be wondered at, considering
the great number of out-voters. Since
the election, each voter who chose to
accept it received a present of one
guinea.
CARD (
CARL
308 )
CARDIFF, ABERAVON, COW-
BRIDGE, KENFIG, LANTRIS-
SENT, NEATH, LOUGHEAR, and
SWANSEA. A District of Welsh Bo-
roughs. 27th Hen. VIII. 1 Bs.
LoRD PATRICK-JAMEs-HERBERT
CRICHT on-STUART. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Cardiff Castle, Glamorgan-
shire.
Rel. Bro. to the Marquess of Bute :
cous, to H. V. Stuart, Esq. M. P.
for Banbury.
R. of E. In the burgesses of these Bo-
roughs, which are all in the County of
Glamorgan.
N. of V. from 1500 to 1750. Pop. Of
all the Boroughs, about 23,000;
Swansea alone containing half that
number.
R. O. The Mayor of Cardiff.
E. I. Exercised by the Marquess of
Bute; the Duke of Beaufort, and Mr.
Talbot, M.P. for Glamorganshire.
The system of election-representation
for the Welsh Boroughs is similar to
that for the Scottish ones. Ilike them,
they are divided into districts of 3, 5,
and sometimes 7 or 8 towns; and each
district returnsonly one Member; whilst
the most contemptible Boroughs in
Cornwall return two 1
CARDIGANSHIRE, South Wales.
27th Henry VIII. 1 Kt.
WILLIAM-EDwARD Powell, Esq.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Lord-Lieutenant and Cust. Rot.
of Cardiganshire.
Co. Se. Nanteos, Cardiganshire.
E. I. Vested in the representative, who is
himself Lord Lieutenant and Custos
Rotulorum.
Cardiganshire, including the following
district of Boroughs, returns only two
representatives!
CARDIGAN, ABERYSTWITH,
LAMPETER, and ASPAR. A Dis-
trict of Welsh Boroughs.
27th Henry VIII.
PRyse: PRyse, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co., Se. Gotheram House, Cardigan-
shire.
Rel. Bro-in-law to Wiscount Ash-
brook.
1 B&.
4th Parl.
R. of E. In the burgesses at large of
these Boroughs. -
N. of V. about 1460. Pop. 7400.
R. O. The Mayor of Cardigan.
N. B. In 1730, it was decided that the
burgesses of Treganon have not a right
to vote.
E. I. Exercised by the Member himself
in conjunction with Mr. Powell,
Knight of the shire.—“The Member
for these Boroughs and the Member for
the county “tossed up,” two Parlia-
ments ago, to ascertain by lot which
should have the Borough and which
the county,+and the agreement has
been since acted upon.”—Spectator,
Jan, 2d, 1831.
CARLISLE, City of, Cumberland.
23d Edw. I. 2 Câts.
JAMEs Law LUs HINGTon, Esq.
2d Parl.
Offi. An India Director, and Col. in
the East India Company's Service.
To, Res. 13, York-street, Portman-
square.
PHILIP HENRY How ARD, Esq.
Rel. Cous. to the Duke of Norfolk.
It. of E. In the freemen, or citizens,
duly admitted and sworn; having pre-
viously been admitted into one of the
Eight Guilds, and being either sons
of freemen, or having served seven
years' apprenticeship to a freeman, re-
sident during such apprenticeship
within the city, “and in no others.”
N. of V. 750 to 770. Pop. 16,200.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The influence of the Duke of Nor-
folk and of the Earl of Lonsdale was
long predominant: the late Mr.
Curwen, however, at an immense ex-
pense, re-established the popular in-
dependence, by a firm and manly op-
position to a most unconstitutional
attempt at overwhelming the lawful
electors, by an army of honorary free-
men, or faggots, as they are usually
termed, in order to out-number them
on the poll. No less than 1400 of
such persons, selected from the col-
lieries and estates of the Earl of Lons-
dale, were admitted by the mayor to
their freedom ; although not one of
them had the least claim, by birth or
servitude, to such distinction and pri-
vileges. .
CARL
CARM
( 309 )
CARLOWSHIRE (or County of
Catherlough), Ireland.
A. U.41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
5th Parl.
HENRY BRUEN, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Governor of Carlowshire.
Col. of the Carlow Militia.
Co. Sc. Oak Park, Carlowshire.
THoMAs KAvANAGH, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Governor of Carlowshire.
Co. Se. Borris, in this county.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess of
Ormonde.
E. I. Exercised by the Marquesses of
Sligo and Ormonde. William Brown,
Esq. is Cust. Rot. of this County.
The two representatives, with Baron
Downes, I. P., M.P. for Queenbo-
rough, I. S. Rochfort, Esq.,-and
W. Brown, Esq. are the Governors.
CARLOW(or Catherlough), Borough
of, C.-shire, Ird. A.U. 41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
LoRD TULLAMoRE. 2d Parl.
N. & S. Charles-William Bury.
To. Res. 48, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Charleville Forest, Tullamore,
Wicklowshire.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Charle-
ville.
R. of E. In the self-elected corporation.
N. of V. 13.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Charle-
ville, who purchased the property.
Twelve of the patron's family, from all
parts of the country, are the electors.
The return of Lord Tullamore at the
last election was petitioned against on
behalf of individuals who have claimed
their freedom. The election, however,
was confirmed by a committee of the
House,
CARMARTHENSHIRE, South
Wales. 27th Hen. VIII. 1 Kt.
THE Hon. GEoR GE-RIce Rice-TRE-
WOR- 3d Parl.
To, Res. 10, Stratton-street.
Rel. Eld, son of Baron Dynevor.
E. I. Baron Dynevor is Lord Lieut.
and Custos Rotulorum of this county.
Caermarthenshire, with the Borough
from which it takes its name, returns
only two Members to the Commons’
House.
CARMARTHEN, Borough of, C.
shire, S. Wales. 27th Hen. VIII. l Bs.
JoHN Jon Es, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 39, Bury-street, St. James's.
Co, Se, Ystrad Lodge, near Carmar-
then.
R. of E. In the burgesses.
N. of V. From 460 to 465. Pop. 9100.
R. O. The Sheriff.
E. I. Possessed by Baron Cawdor.
This Borough has often (but not during
the present century) been the scene of
influence and great violence: at one
period, the burgesses, &c. actually re-
sorted to fire-arms and committed
bloodshed and other excesses. On a
later occasion, viz., in 1785, the Bishop
of St. David's (Dr. Horsley) wrote a
circular letter to all the clergy in his
diocess, interdicting them from voting
for Mr. Phillips, on account of his pre-
vious vote for the repeal of the Test
and Corporation Acts
CARNARVONSHIRE, North
Wales. 27th Hen. VIII. 1 Kt.
CHARLEs-WYNNE GRIFFITH-
WYNNE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 39, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Cefnainwich, in this county.
E. I. Baron Willoughby D’Eresby
and Gwydyr is Lord-Lieut. and Cust.
Rotulorum of this county.
Carnarvonshire, with the following
District of five Boroughs “rolled into
one,” returns only two Members to
Parliament
CARNARVON, CRICCIETH,
PWLHELY, NEVIN, and CON-
WAY. A District of Boroughs in N.
Wales. 27th Hen. VIII. 1 Bs.
WILLIAM ORMSBy GoRE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Major in the Army.
Co. Se. Porkington, Shropshire.
CARR (
CAVA
310 )
R. of E. In the burgesses of these five
Boroughs.
N. of V. upwards of 800. Pop. 8230.
R. O. The Mayor and Bailiffs of Car-
narvon.
E. I. The Marquess of Anglesey being
lord paramount in this quarter, a junior
branch of his lordship's family repre-
sented this district of Welsh Boroughs,
for a series of years, until the present
Parliament.
CARRICKFERGUS, Borough of,
Antrimshire, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs.
LoRD GEORGE-AUGUSTA HILL.
Offi. A Captain in the Army.
Rel. Bro. to the Marquess of Down-
shire.
R. of E. In the freemen.
N. of V. 860.
E. I. The Marquesses of Hertford,
Donegal, and Downshire, are the
patrons of this Borough.
- CASHELL, City of, Tipperaryshire,
Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Cit.
MAT THEw PENNEFATHER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
R. of E. In the self-elected burgesses.
N. of V. 12. -
E. I. Possessed by the Member; and by
his father, Mr. Richard Pennefather,
who is also a Governor of the County.
CASTLE-RISING, Borough of,
Norfolk. 5th Mary. 2 Bss,
IoIRD HENRY CHOI, Mon DELEY,
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 20, Whitehall-place.
Rel. Brother to the Marquess of
Cholmondeley.
THE Hon. Fulk E GREvil LE How-
ARD, F.R.S. & F.S.A. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 16, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Leven's Park, near Milthrop,
Westmoreland; Ashtead Park, Ep-
som, Surrey; Castle-Rising, Nor-
folk; and Elford, near Lichfield,
Staffordshire,
Rel. Brother to Viscount Templetown:
bro-in-law to the Marquess of
Bristol.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Castle-
Rising.
R. of E. In the corporation and free
burgesses.
N. of V. From 40 to 45.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Marquess of
Cholmondeley; and Mrs. Howard in
favour of her husband. This Borough,
which was once very considerable, fell
into decay in consequence of its har-
bour being choked up with sand.
About fifty years since it contained
only two houses and two voters. At
present it does not contain fifty houses,
including cottages and huts. The few
members who compose the corporation,
as it is called, are all the tenants and
dependants of the proprietors; and
mostly non-resident, having no more
concern with the Borough, than just
to return the nominees of their patrons
to the Commons' House of Parliament.
The appointment of a mayor is by
two individuals, who generally elect
each other to that important office.
Pop. 348.
CAVANSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
HENRY MAxwr:LL, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Farnham, Cavanshire.
Rel. Nephew to Baron Farnham.I.P.:
son-in-law of Lord Le Despencer.
ALEXANDER SAUNDERson, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Bill-broker.
Co. Se. Castle Saunderson, Cavanshire.
E. I. Baron Farnham is Governor; and
Nathaniel Sneyd, Esq. (a Director of
the Bank of Ireland), Cust. Rot. of
this County.
CHESHIRE, a County Palatine.
34th and 35th Hen. VIII. 2 Kts.
VIscount BELGRAv E. 4th Parl.
N. & S. Richard Grosvenor.
To. Res. 15, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Eaton Hall, Cheshire.
Rel. Eld. son of Earl Grosvenor: bro-
ther to the Earl of Wilton ; and to
the Hon. Robert Grosvenor, M.P.
for Chester: son-in-law of the Mar-
quess of Stafford.
CHES ( 311
) CHIC
WILBRAHAMEGERT on, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 7, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Tatton Park, Knutsford,
Cheshire.
Rel. Nephew to Baron Skelmersdale.
Pop. 271,000.
E. I. The Earl of Stamford and War-
rington is Lord Lieutenant and Cust.
Rot. of this County.
This County, including the City of
Chester, returns only four Members to
the Parliament.
CHESTER, City of Cheshire.
34th and 35th Hen. VIII. 2 Cits.
THE Hon. Rob ERT GRosvenor.
2d Parl.
Rel. 3d son of Earl Grosvenor : bro-
ther to Viscount Belgrave, M.P. for
Cheshire, and to the Earl of Wilton.
SIR PHILIP - DE - MALPAs GREY
EGER. Ton, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se, Oulton Park, Cheshire.
R. of E. In the freemen of the City, re-
sident a whole year previous to the
election.
N. of V. From 1000 to 1200.
Pop. 20,500.
R. O. The Mayor, Recorder, and two
Sheriffs.
E. I. Possessed by Earl Grosvenor for
the returning of one Member.
“Although the number of electors is so
large, its representation has been en-
tirely at the disposal of Earl Grosvenor,
whose family have possessed the same
influence, except in one or two in-
stances at the Revolution, ever since the
reign of Charles II. This influence is
created and preserved by securing the
corporation, which does not appear to
be immaculate, for more than a cen-
Members makes them eventually pay
in taxes much more than they save in
their rents. They should, therefore,
be reminded that this barter of pri-
vilege for a local tenement is only ex-
changing their national fabric, the Con-
stitution, for a contemptible hovel.”—
Oldfield.
CHICHESTER, City of, Susser.
23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
LoRD JoHN-GEo. LENNox, 4th Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
Rel. Brother to the Duke of Rich-
mond.
Jo HN SMITH, Esq., F.R.S. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker in London, of the firm
of Smith, Payne, and Smith.
Offi. Treasurer to the General Dis-
pensary, in Aldersgate-street.
To. Res. 22, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Dale Park, Sussex; and
Blenden Hall, near Bexley, Kent.
Rel. Brother to Baron Carrington;
to George Smith, Esq., M.P. for
Midhurst; and to Samuel Smith,
Esq., M.P. for Wendover: uncle to
John-Abel Smith, Esq. M.P. for
Midhurst; to Abel Smith, Esq.,
M.P. for Wendover: to the Hon.
Robert - John Smith, M.P. for
Buckinghamshire; and to the lady
of Lord Granville-C.-H. Somerset,
M.P. for Monmouthshire.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this Bo-
rough, and One for Midhurst.

R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot.
N. of V. From 980 to 1000. Pop. 7500.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. One moiety possessed by the Duke
of Richmond; the other by Mr. Smith.
CHIPPENHAM, Borough of Wilts.
tury, and by obtaining a lease from | * * * 2 Bss.
the crown of a number of tenements in Joseph NEELD, Esq., F.s.A. & F.L.s.
this City. The members of the cor-
poration, letting these from year to
year only, as his lordship's agents, to
electors, at low rents, operate so far on
their fears and necessities as to control
their independence. To secure their
own houses, they care not whom they
send to legislate in the house of the
nation. Thus, they never reflect that
their indifference to the choice of their
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 6, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Grittleton House, Chippen-
ham, Wilts; and Kelston Park,
Somerset.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Earl of Shaftes-
bury.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough.
CHRI
CIRE
( 312 )
PHILIP PUsey, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 50, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Pusey House, near Farring-
don, Berks.
Rel. Cous. to the Earl of Radnor; to
the Hon. P. P. Bouverie, M.P. for
Cockermouth; and to the Hon. D.
P. Bouverie, M.P. for Salisbury.
R. of E. In the bailiff, burgesses, and
freemen who are inhabitants of
ancient burgage-houses within the
Borough.
N. of V. From 130 to 135. Pop. 3500.
R. O. The Bailiff.
E. I. Belongs to Mr. Neeld, one of the
Members, who inherited the bulk of
the fortune of his uncle, the late Mr.
Rundell, Silversmith and Jeweller, of
Ludgate-hill.
“When the electors of Chippenham sub-
mit quietly to nomination, it is always
customary to give them twenty guineas
for the two Members. A lease of two
burgage-tenure cottages, not worth
above 5l. a year each, was purchased
by Mr. Maitland at the enormous price
of 800l., for fourteen years, and such
large sums have been expended as
almost to exceed belief.”—Oldfield.
CHRISTCHURCH, Borough of,
Hants. 13th Eliz. 2 B ss.
THE RT. Hon. SIR GEORGE-HENRY
Ros E, Kt. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
A West India Proprietor.
Offi. Clerk of the Parliaments.
A Privy Councillor.
A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
To. Res. 7, Old Palace-yard.
Co. Se. Cuffnels, near Lyndhurst,
Hants.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough.
Rel. Father to the other Member for
Christchurch, viz. –
GEORGE-P1 TT Rose, Esq. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Capt. in the 15th Hussars.
To. Res. 7, Old Palace-yard.
Rel. Some of the other Member.
R. of E. In the corporation and in-
habitants paying scot and lot.
N. of V. About 50. Pop. 4,750.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Malmes-
bury, and the Rt. Hon. Sir George
Rose, one of the Members, who is lord
of the manor, and landlord of almost
all the houses in the town.

CIRENCESTER, Borough of, Glou-
cestershire. 13th Eliz. 2 Bss.
LoRD APSLEY. 6th Parl.
N. & S. Henry-George Bathurst,
ID.C.L.
Rel. Eld, son of Earl Bathurst.
Joseph CRIPPs, Esq. 4th Parl.
Occ. A Banker in Cirencester, and
East India Proprietor.
Parl. Pat. One Member for the
Borough.
R. of E. In the inhabitant-householders;
but those of the Abbey, the Emery,
and Spring-gate Lane are excluded.
N. of V. About 700. Pop. 5096.
R. O. The Steward to the Lords of the
Manor, viz.
E. I. Earl Bathurst and Mr. Cripps.-
The Earl's family have returned one
Member for more than a century.
CLACKMANAN and KINROSS
SHIRES, Scotland. 6th Anne. I Com.
THE Hon. GEor GE RALPH ABER-
CRO MBII. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
Rel. Son of Baron Abercrombie.
R. of E. This County alternates with that
of Clackmanan, in sending a Member
to the Parliament, each seventh year.
N. of V. Real, for Clackmanan, 12; the
same for Kinross, 9:—Total, 21. No-
minal, for Clackmanan, ll; the same
for Kinross, 17:—Total, 28. Grand
Total, 49.
Pop. of Clackmanan, 12,400; of Kin-
ross, 7460:—Total, 19,860,
E. I. Possessed by Baron Abercrombie.

CLARESHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
WILLIAM-NU GENT M*NAMARA, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Doolen, in this county.
MAURIce O'Conn ELL, Esq.
(Returned in the room of Mr. Patrick-
James-O’Gorman Mahon, who was
compelled to vacate his seat, by
decision of a Committee, that he
had bribed the electors through his
agents.)
CLIT
COLC
( 313 )
Rel, Son of Daniel O'Connell, Esq.,
M.P. for Waterfordshire. -
This gentleman is a CATHolic.
E. I. The Marquess of Conyngham is
Custos Rotulorum of this County. The
Hon. Sir F. N. Burton and the Rt.
Hon William-Vesey Fitzgerald are the
Governors. Sir Edward O’Brien pos-
sesses considerable influence.
CLITHERO, Borough of Lanca-
shire. 1st Eliz. 2 Bss.
THE HON. Rob T. CURzoN. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 24, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Hagley, near Litchfield, Staf-
fordshire.
Rel. Uncle to Earl Howe: married to
the Baroness Zouche.
THE HON.
CUST.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 8, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Rel. Bro. to Earl Brownlow, and to
the Hon. Edward Cust, M.P. for
Lostwithiel: uncle-in-law to the
Duke of Buccleugh.
R. of E. In such freeholders only as,
according to a resolution of the Com-
mons of July 16, 1660, are described
to be free burghers, seised for life or in
fee of burgage lands or houses.
N. of V. From 45 to 50. Pop. 3200.
R. O. Two Bailiffs, nominated at the
Court-Leet of the two Lords of the
Manor, viz.
E. I. Earls Howe and Brownlow.
PEREGRINE - FRANC is
- 4th Parl.
CLONMEL, Borough of, Tipperary-
shire, Ird. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs,
EY HE Coot E, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Burlington Hotel, 29, Old
Burlington-street.
Co. Se.. West Park, Fordingbridge,
Hants.
R. of E. In the corporation and bur-
gesses.
N. of V. 105. -
E. I. Possessed by the Rt. Hon. W.
Bagwell, and the Earl of Mount-
cashel.
COCKERMOUTH, Borough of,
Cumberland. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
Wiscount GARLIEs,
N. & S. Randolph Stewart.
Off. Lord Lieut. of Wigtonshire, and
of the Stewartry of Kirkcudbright.
To. Res. 13, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square. -
Rel. Eld, son of the Earl of Galloway.
THE Hon. PHILIP PLEY DELL Bou-
VERIE.
Occ. A Banker in London.
To. Res. 36, Curzon-street, and 11,
Haymarket.
Co. Se. Downampney House, near
Cricklade, Gloucestershire.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Radnor;
and to the Hon. D. P. Bouverie,
M.P. for New Sarum : cousin to
- Philip Pusey, Esq., M.P. for Chip-
penham.
R. of E. In the burgage-holders.
N. of V. From 180 to 190. Pop. 3800.
R. O. A. Bailiff appointed at the Court-
Leet of the Lord of the Manor, viz.
E. I. The Earl of Lonsdale.
2d Parl.

COLCHESTER, Borough of Esser.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
DANIEL-WHITTLE HARVEY, Esq.
3d Parl.
Prof. A Solicitor.
To. Res. 7, Great George-street, West-
minster.
Co. Res. Gloucester-place, Brighton.
MAYHEw, Esq. (returned in the
room of ANDREw Spot TiswooDE,
Esq., who vacated his seat, on account
of certain contracts with the Govern-
ment as King's printer in London.)
R. of E. In the mayor, common council,
and free burgesses not receiving alms.
N. of V. From 1500 to 1800.
Pop. 14,500.
R. O. The Mayor.
COLERAINE, Borough of London-
derryshire, Ir. A.U. 41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
SiR John-WILLIAM-HEAD BRY D-
GE's, Kt. 3d Parl.
Offi. A Major in the Army.
Captain of Sandgate Castle.
A Col. in the Portuguese Army.
Co. Se. Wootton Court, Kent.
Rel. Uncle-in-law to the Marquess of
Waterford: bro.-in-law to the Lord

Archbishop of Armagh; and to Lord
S. S.
CORF
CORK
( 314 )
George-Thomas Beresford, Comp-
troller of the King's Household, &c.
M.P. for Waterfordshire.
R. of E. In the corporation.
N. of V. 36.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Waterford and others of the family of
Beresford.
CORFE-CASTLE, Borough of
Dorsetshire. 14th Eliz. 2 Bss.
GEoRGE BANKEs, Esq. 2d Parl.
Offi. Cursitor Baron of the Court of
Evchequer.
A Commissioner of the Treasury and
India Board.
Late Secretary to the Board of
Control.
To, Res. 16, George-street, Hanover-
square.
Co. Se. Layfield, Studland, Dorset.
Rel. Son of Henry Bankes, Esq. M.P.
for Dorsetshire: brother to William-
John Bankes, Esq. M.P. for Marl-
borough: grandson to the Earl of
Eldon: grand-nephew to Baron
Stowell: cousin to Viscount En-
combe, M.P. for Truro.
PHILIP-John MILEs, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A West India Proprietor and
Banker.
To. Res. 7, Hamilton-place.
Co. Se. Leigh Court, near Bristol,
Somersetshire.
R. of E. In those persons seised in fee,
in possession, or reversion, of any
messuage, tenement, or corporeal here-
ditament within this Borough; in
tenants for life, or lives; and, for want
of such freehold, in tenants for years,
determinable by life or lives, paying
scot and lot.
N. of V. About 50.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Is possessed by Mr. Bankes, father
of the first Member.
Mr. Calcraft, the proprietor of Wareham,
had some of the freehold voting-houses
(which are, in fact, only a few thatched
cottages) in this Borough, which he
exchanged with Mr. Bankes for an
equal number of parchment votes in
his own Borough of Wareham; these
two close Boroughs being only four
miles asunder.
Pop. 1200.
CORKSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
THE Hon. Rob ERT KING. 2d Parl.
Offi. A General in the Army.
To. Res, 3, Whitehall-place.
Co. Se. Mitchelstown, Corkshire.
Rel. Second son of the Earl of King-
ston, I. P.


Wiscount Boy L.E.
N. & S. Richard Boyle.
Co. Se. Castle Martyr, Corkshire.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Shannon.
R. of V. Previously to the late disfran-
chisement of 40s, freeholders, upwards
of 20,000.
E. I. The Earl of Shannon is Custos
Rotulorum of this County. The Mar-
quess of Thomond, the Earl of King-
ston, Wiscount Doneraile, Baron
Riversdale, and William Hodder,
Esq., are the Governors. Barons Lisle
and Muskerry have influence.

CORK, City of Corkshire, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Cits.
TIIE Hon. Joh N Boy L.E. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 3, Hamilton-place, Hyde
Park-corner.
Co. Se. Marston, Somersetshire.
Rel. Second son of the Earl of Cork
and Orrery.
DANIEL CALLAGHAN, Esq.
Occ. A Merchant of Cork.
Co. Se. Lota, Cork.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.
R. of E. In the corporation and free-
holders.
N. of V. 2800.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Earl of Donoughmore and
Baron Muskerry.
CORNWALL, a Duchy, and County
Palatine, 49th Hem. III. 2 Kts.
SIR. RICHARD-RAwl INson Vyvyan,
Bart. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 26, Great George-street, West-
minster.
Co. Se. Trelowarren, Cornwall.

EDwARD-WILLIAM -Wyn N PEN-
DARVIs, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 36, Eaton-place, Belgrave-
square.
Co. Se. Pendarvis, Truro, Cornwall.
COVE ( 315 ) CRAI

Pop. 258,500.
E. I. The chief proprietor in this
county, or rather Duchy, is, His
Majesty the King, who, as Duke of
Cornwall, appoints the Lord Warden
of the Stannaries (who at present is
the Marquess of Hertford). The Earl
of Mount Edgecumbe is Lord Lieut.
and Custos Rotulorum.—The noble-
men who possess political influence in
this county are, the Dukes of Bedford,
Northumberland, and Leeds; the Mar-
quess of Cleveland; the Earls of Mount
Edgecumbe, St. German's, and Fal-
mouth; Lords Clinton, Grenville, and
Dunstanville; but their weight arises
more from the control they possess
over the insignificant and decayed
Boroughs, than over the county.
These noblemen send no less than
twenty-five out of the forty-two Mem-
bers for rotten Boroughs within its
limits 1
Cornwall, including its 20 Boroughs,
returns no less than 42 Members to
Parliament 1–A few years ago (be-
fore the disfranchisement of Gram-
pound) this county returned 44 Mem-
bers; a number less only by one, than
the whole representation of the King-
dom of Scotland 1 -
COVENTRY, City of, Warwickshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
THoMAs BILCLIFFE FYLER, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East and West India Proprietor.
Offi. A Capt. in the Army.
To. Res. 19, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co, Se, Teddington, Middlesex.
Edward ELLICE, Esq. 3d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant in London.
To. Res, 41, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Earl Grey.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
such freemen, resident and non-re-
sident, as have served seven years'
apprenticeship to one and the same
trade in the city or suburbs, and who
do not receive alms or weekly charity.
N. of V. From 2800 to 3000.
Pop. 22,140.
R. O. The Sheriffs.
This city has often been the scene of vio-
lent contest at elections, even to blood-
shed; and the returning officers have
more than once been committed to New-
gate for partiality,
CRAIL, KILRENNY, EAST and
WEST ANSTRUTHER, and PIT-
TENWEEM, a District of Scottish
Boroughs. A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
JAMES BALFourt, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
0cc. East India Agent and Proprietor.
To. Res. 3, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Whittingham House, Dunbar,
N. B

Rel. Son-in-law of the Earl of Lauder-
dale: bro.-in-law to Viscount Mait-
land, M.P. for Appleby; and to the
Hon. A. Maitland, M.P. for Ber-
wickshire.


R. of E. In 92 town-councilmen of the
several Boroughs, who elect delegates
to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 51 Pop. 5060.
E. I. Possessed by Sir John Anstruther.
CRICKLADE, Borough of, and cer-
tain Hundreds in, Wiltshire (viz. those
of Highworth, Cricklade, Staple, Kings-
bridge, and Malmesbury). 2 BSs.

Joseph PITT, Esq. 5th Parl.
Offi. High Steward of Malmesbury.
Occ. A Banker at Cirencester.
Co. Res. Cirencester, Gloucestershire.
Parl. Pat. Returns 2 Members for
Malmesbury; 1 Member for Crick-
lade; and 1 Member for Wootton
Bassett.
Robert GoRDoN, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A West India Merchant.
Offi. A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
Co. Se. Leweston, near Sherborne,
Dorsetshire.
R. of E. In consequence of notorious
bribery and corruption, it was enacted
about 50 years ago that no new writ
should be issued for this borough by
itself, but that the elective franchise
should be extended to the freeholders
of the hundreds of Highworth, Staple,
Cricklade, Kingsbridge, and Malmes-
bury: the right of voting was at the
same time declared not to be taken
away from the inhabitant-freeholders,
copyholders, or leaseholders of the Bo-
rough for any term not less than three
years, or for any such or greater term,
determinable in lives.
N. of W. About 1350.
Pop. of the Borough 1520.
R. O. The Bailiff.
CUMB
DENB
( 316 )
E. 1. One moiety possessed by Mr. Pitt,
the Member.
CUMBERLAND, County of.
49th Hen, III. 2 Kfs.
SIR. John Low THER, Bart. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 32, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Swillington, Yorkshire.
Re!. Bro. to the Earl of Lonsdale:
bro.-in-law to the Earl of Westmore-
land: father to John-Henry-Low-
ther, Esq. M.P. for Wigton: uncle
to Viscount Lowther, and to the
Hon. H.-C. Lowther, both Members
for Westmoreland.
THE Rt. Hon. SIR. JAMEs-RoRERT-
GEoRGE GRAHAM, Bart. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
* Offi. First Lord of the Admiralty.
To, Res. Admiralty.
Co. Se. Netherby, Cumberland.
Rel. Cous. to the Earl of Galloway,
S. P. (Baron Stewart of Garlies,
U.K.): 2d cous. to Viscount Gar-
lies, M.P. for Cockermouth.
Pop. 157,200.
E. I. The influence of the Lowthers—
that is, of the Earl of Lonsdale, and
his brother, Sir John Lowther one of
the representatives)—is very potent in
this County.—An election contest,
which is said to have cost 100,000l.,
happened in 1768 between the interests
of the Duke of Portland and those of
the Earl of Lonsdale, in which the
former was successful; but since that
time each party has agreed to send
one Member.
This extensive County, including the City
of Carlisle and the Borough of Cock-
ermouth, returns only 6 Members to
Parliament.
DARTMOUTH, Borough of Devon.
26th Edw. I. 2 B ss.
Joh N BASTARD, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Co. Se. Sharpham, near Totness.
ARTHUR How E Holdswort TH, Esq.
6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker and Paper Manufac-
turer.
Offi. Governor of Dartmouth Castle.
Co. Se. Stokenham, Devonshire.
Park Pat. 2 Mems. for this Borough.
R. of E. In the corporation, consisting of
a mayor, 12 aldermen, 2 bailiffs, 12
common-councilmen, and an indefinite
number of freemen, who must be made
after the teste of the writ.
N. of V. About 100.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Is possessed by Mr. Holdsworth,
one of the Members, under the patron-
age of the Treasury and Admiralty.
But the representation of the Borough,
and the government of the Castle, have
been so long in the family of Mr. H.
that they appear almost to have be-
come hereditary.
Pop. 4560.


DENBIGHSHIRE, North Wales.
27th Hen. VIII. 1 Kt.

SIR WAT KIN WILLIAMs WYNN, Bt.
10th Park.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of
Merionethshire and Denbighshire,
Col. of the Denbigh Militia.
Steward of the Lordship of Denbigh
and Bromsholm-Yale Manor,
President and Patron of the Welsh
Charity School.
Pres, of the Cymmrodorion, or Me-
tropolitan Cambrian Institution.
To. fºes. 18, St. James's-square.
Co. Se, Wynnstay, near Wrexham,
Denbighshire; Glanllyn, Meric-
nethshire.
Iºel. Bro. to the Rt. Hon. Charles
Watkin Williams Wynn, M.P. for
Montgomeryshire: nephew to Baron
Grenville: son-in-law to the Earl of
Powis.
E. 1. The Wynns, after a memorable
struggle in 1742, succeeded to the re-
presentation of this County, and have
retained it ever since.
Denbighshire, including a district of
Welsh Boroughs, from the chief of
which this County takes its name, re-
turns no more than two Members to
Parliament.
DENBIGH, RUTHYN, and HOLT,
a District of Boroughs, in Denbighshire,
North Wales. 27th Herz. VIII. 1 Bs.
Robert T-MYDDLET on BIDDULPH,
Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Clarendon Hotel, 169, New
Bond-street.
DERB
DEVI
(-317 )
Co. $6. Chirk Castle, Denbighshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to F.-R. West, Esq.,
M.P. for East Grinstead.
It, of E. In the burgesses who are in-
habitants of these boroughs.
N. of V. Between 950 and 1000.
Pop. 4800.
R. O. The two Bailiffs of Denbigh.
E. I. Possessed by Mr. Biddulph, the
Member; but until 1826 he held it
in conjunction with Mr. West.
DER BY SHIRE.
18th Edw. III.
Lord GroRGE-AUGUSTU's-HENRY
CAvºn DISH. 11th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 49, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Compton Place, near East-
bourne, Sussex; Holkar Hall, Miln-
thorpe, Westmoreland; and La-
timers, near Chesham, Bucks.
Rel. Uncle to the Duke of Devonshire:
father to Henry-Frederick-Compton
Cavendish, Esq. M.P. for Derby :
grandfather to William Cavendish,
Esq., M. P. for Cambridge Uni-
versity.
FRANcis MUNDY, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 44, Queen Anne-street.
Co. Se, Markeaton, near Derby.
N. of V. about 3600. Pop. 215,500.
E. I. Derbyshire resembles a close
Borough; for the Duke of Devonshire
nominates one Member, and the Tory
gentry the other.
Including the Borough of Derby, this
county returns only 4 Members to
Parliament.
DERBY, Borough of, Derbyshire.
23d Edw. I. - 2 Bss.
HENRY-FREDERICK-CoMPT on CA-
VENDISH, Esq. 6th Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. Col, and Major of the
First Regt. of Life Guards.
To. Res. 34, Old Burlington-street.
Co. Se, Sutton-Court House, Chiswick.
Rel. Son of Lord G.-A.-H. Cavendish,
M.P. for Derbyshire: uncle to W.
Cavendish, Esq., M.P. for Cam-
bridge University: cousin to the
Duke of Devonshire.
Edward STRUTT, Esq.
A Merchant and Manufacturer.
To. Res. 17, Cork-street.
2 Kts.
R. of E. In the corporation, freemen,
and sworn burgesses, resident and non-
resident.
N. of V. Between 750 and 800.
Pop. 18,300.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Duke of Devonshire possesses
one moiety.—The mayor, aldermen,
brothers, and capital burgesses, who
form the common council, are all in
the interest of the Duke of Devonshire
and Mr. Coke; who, from their con-
sequence and fortune, possess greatin-
fluence in the Borough. They attach
this interest to their patrons by the
exercise of that power which they as-
sume of making honorary freemen; or,
as they are more usually termed in this
and every other place, faggots. These
are made from among such persons as
have neither the claim of birth, servi-
tude, nor residence. By virtue of this
power the corporation can, at any time,
create a number of freemen from among
the Duke of Devonshire's tenants, and
those of Mr. Coke, in various parts of
the country, who will consequently out-
number the legal freemen of the Bo-
rough; and these honorary freemen,
who want no qualification but the fiat
of the corporation, and the having been
one whole year invested with their
nominal franchise, agreeably to the
letter of the Durham Act, are qualified
to come into the town on the day of
election, and to ease the inhabitant
freemen of all the inconveniences of a
contest, by choosing their Members for
them. Derby, therefore, though a very
large and opulent town, cannot main-
tain its independence, as it would, if the
right of voting were in the inhabitant
householders, in whom it ought to be;
or if it were relieved from the tyranny
of a corporation, under which no town
can be free, unless it is constituted as
that of London. In the case of Car-
lisle, the making of this description of
freemen was deemed illegal; but in
the cases of Bedford and Derby, the
reverse has been determined.





DEVIZES, Borough of, Wilts.
23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
John PEAR's E, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner. -
Occ. An Army Clothier and Bank
Director.

DEVO
DORC
( 318-)
To. Iłes, 4, Craig's-court, Charing-
CrOSS.
Co. Se. Chilton Lodge, near Hunger-
ford, Berks.
GEoRGE-WATson TAYLoR, Esq.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 1, Grafton-street.
Co. Se. Earlstoke Park, Wilts.
Parl. Pat. One Mem, for this Borough.
R. of E. In the mayor and a select
number of burgesses.
N. of V. About 40. Pop. 4460.
R. O. The Mayor. -
E. I. Possessed by Viscount Sidmouth,
Mr. Sutton, and Mr. Taylor the
Member, who possesses a large estate
in the neighbourhood.
Devizes had formerly very considerable
manufactures of broad-cloth, &c.; but
has now fallen completely into decay.
DEVONSHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
SIR THoMAs-DYKE AcLAND, Bart.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res, 79, Pall-Mall.
Co. Se. Killerton, near Columpton,
Devonshire.
Wiscount EBRING Ton.
A Land Owner.
N. & S. Hugh Fortescue.
To. Res. 17, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Castle Hill, Devonshire.
Rel. Eld. son of Earl Fortescue; son-
in-law of the Earl of Harrowby:
brother to the Hon. George-Mat-
thew Fortescue, M.P. for Hindon.
N. of V. Between 13,000 and 14,000.
Pop. 441,500.
Devonshire, with its City of Exeter and
11 Boroughs, returns twenty-six. Re-
presentatives to Parliament.
4th Parl.
DONEGALLSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
GeoRGE-VAUGHAN HART, Esq.
5th Parl.
Offi. A General in the Army.
Governor of the Castle of London-
derry.
To. Res. Union Hotel, Cockspur-
Street.
Co. Sc. Kilderry, Donegallshire.
THE EARL of Mount-CHARLEs.
4th Parl.
N. & S. Francis-Nathaniel Conyng-
ham.
Offi. A Major in the Army.
Late a Lord of the Treasury.
Master of the Robes to the King.
— A Groom of the King's Bed-
chamber.
To. Res. 15, Great Stanhope-street.
Co. Se. The Hall, Mount-Charles,
Donegall, Ireland.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess
Conyngham : son-in-law of the
Marquess of Anglesey.
N. of V. Previously to the late disfran-
chisement Act, about 10,000.
E. I. Exercised by the Marquesses of
Donegall, Conyngham, and Abercorn.
DORCHESTER, Borough of, Dor-
setshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
Rob ERT WILLIAMs, Esq. 8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker in London.
Offi. Treasurer of the Society for pro-
moting the Religious Principles of
the Reformation.
To. Res. 36, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Bridehead, near Dorchester.
Parl. Pat. One Mem. for this Borough.
LoRD AshLEY. 2d Parl.
N. & S. Anthony-Ashley Cooper.
Offi. A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
A Commissioner of the India Board.
To. Res. 20, New Norfolk-street,
Park-lane.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Shaftes-
bury: cousin to the Marquess of
Blandford, and to Lord Geo.-Spencer
Churchill, both Members for Wood-
stock; also to the Hon. G.-J.-W.-A.
Ellis, M.P. for Oakhampton: ne-
phew to the Duke of Marlborough
and to Baron Churchill,
R. of E. In the inhabitants who pay to
church and poor in respect of their
personal estates; and in such others,
although not inhabitants, as pay to
church and poor in respect of their
real estates within the Borough.
N. of V. About 200. Pop. 2890.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Earl of Shaftesbury possesses
much property within and around this
Borough. His Lordship and Mr.
Williams, one of the Members, have
the nomination between them.
DORS
(-319 ) DOVE
DORSETSHIRE.
18th Edw. III.
HENRY BANKEs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Trustee of the British Museum.
To. Res. 5, Old Palace-yard.
Co. Se. Kingston Hall, near Win-
EDw ARD-BERKELEY Poſt TMAN, Esq.
A Land Owner. 3d Parl.
Co. Se. Bryanstone House, near Bland-
ford, Dorsetshire.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Earl of Hare-
wood.
2 Kts.
13th Parl.

Dorsetshire has an ample share of re-
bourne, Dorsetshire.
Rel. Father to George Bankes, Esq.,
M.P. for Corfe Castle; and to Wil-
liam-John Bankes, Esq., M.P. for
Marlborough: son-in-law of the
presentation; returning no less than
twenty Members to Parliament; viz.
2 knights, and 18 burgesses for 8
Boroughs, one of which (Weymouth
and Melcombe Regis) returns 4.

Earl of Eldon.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for Corfe
Castle.
DOVER, a Borough and Cinque
Port*, Kent. 23d Hen. 1. 2 Barons.
* The CINQUE Ports are Dover, Sandwich, Romney, Hastings, and Hythe:
to which may be added Winchelsea, Rye, and Seaford—making in all eight Ports
instead of five. As each Port sends two Representatives to Parliament, under the
dignified title of BARoNs, we shall here give a short sketch of their origin and
peculiar privileges:—
The name of Cinque Ports is derived from Quinque Portus, five havens on the
eastern coast of England, opposite to France; thus called by way of eminence, on
account of their superior importance. Our kings have thought them worthy of a
peculiar regard, as places where strength and vigilance were necessary, and whence
ships might put to sea in cases of sudden emergency. In order to secure them
against invasions, they have granted them a particular form of government. They
are under a keeper, who has the title of Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports (an
officer first appointed by William the Conqueror), who has the authority of an
Admiral among them, and issues out writs in his own name.
The privileges anciently annexed to these Ports and their dependencies were,
I. An exemption from all taxes and tolls. II. A power to oblige all that lived
in their jurisdiction to plead in their courts, and to punish offenders in their own
bounds: as also murderers, and fugitives from justice. III. A power to punish
foreigners, as well as natives, for theft; to have a pillory, and tumbrel or ducking-
stool: the latter was a machine formerly used for the punishment of scolds and
brawling women; also for brewers and bakers, who transgressed the laws, and were,
in such chair or stool, to be immersed in some muddy or stinking pond. IV. A
power to raise mounds or banks on any man's land, against breaches of the sea.
V. To appropriate to their own use all lost goods, and wandering cattle, if not
claimed within a year and a day. VI. To have commons, and to be at liberty to
cut down the trees growing upon them. VII. To convert to their own use such
goods as they found floating on the sea; those thrown out of ships in a storm; and
those driven ashore when no wreck or ship was to be seen. VIII. To be a guild
or fraternity, and to be allowed the franchises of Courts-Leet and Baron. IX. A
power to assemble and keep a Port-mote, or Parliament for the Cinque Ports; to
punish all infringers of their privileges; make by-laws, and hear all appeals from
the inferior courts. X. Their Barons to have the privilege of supporting the
canopy over the King's head at his coronation.
In return for these privileges, the Cinque Ports were required to fit out fifty seven
ships, each manned with twenty-one men and a boy, with which they were to attend
the King's service, for fifteen days, at their own expense; but if the state of affairs
required their assistance any longer, they were to be paid by the Crown.
The first three Ports are allowed to have been enfranchised by Edward the Con-
fessor:—Hastings and Hythe were added by William the Conqueror. The ancient
towns of Winchelsea and Rye were annexed before the time of King John, and were
denominated mobiliora membra Quinque Portuum: notwithstanding which increase,
the Cinque Ports still retained their original appellation; and the added Ports have
always been considered and treated as original ones, and as of equal rank and con-

DOVE
DOVE
( 320 )
THE RT, Hon. CHARLEs-Pou LETT
THoMson, Esq. 2d Parl.
Offi. President of the Board of Trade,
and Treasurer of the Navy.
To. Res. Somerset House.
SIR. John-RAE REID, Bart.
Occ. A West India Merchant.
Offi. A Bank Director, and
East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 44, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Ewell Grove, Surrey.
R. of E. In the freemen and free bur-
gesses, whether inhabitants or not.
N. of V. Between 2600 and 2650, of
whom about 1200 are non-resident.
Pop. 10,960.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Duke of Wellington, who is
Warden of the Cinque Ports, possesses
Mr. Halcomb petitioned against the
above return; but the Committee has
declared that the sitting Members were
duly elected, and that the petition was
frivolous and vexatious.
Elections for Dover are very expensive,
though partly free, on account of
the great number of non-resident
voters.
It seems highly probable, from the uni-
form language of all the charters, that
the right to, and mode of, obtaining a
freedom in any one of the Ports, was
originally the same, notwithstanding
the great difference which at this day
prevails amongst them in this respect;
occasioned either by fraud, collusion,
artifice, corruption, or the opposite de-
terminations of committees of the House


one moiety. of Commons.
sequence. Each of the Cinque Ports has some of the adjacent places belonging to,
and incorporated with them; and, in a degree, subject to their control and jurisdic-
tion. These are called limbs or members, and assisted their mother towns in raising
the sums of money at which they were assessed for the public services, and in pro-
viding the quota of shipping. Seaford, which is a member of Hastings, is the only
one of that description which has the privilege of sending Members to Parliament.
In return for the very ample privileges and immunities with which the Ports are
gifted, the services done by them to the nation were originally great and important;
as little less than the whole naval force of the kingdom was supplied by them in the
time of emergency. But their utility to the public has long since been wholly at
an end. To the minister, indeed, for the time being, they are still of the utmost
consequence; for to these towns he may look, with the most absolute certainty, for
a constant supply of a band of sixteen Members, in the highest state of discipline
and obedience.—The nominees of the Treasury are in most of the Ports, the persons
who are returned, as a matter of course;—scarcely any one of the sixteen Members
of the Cinque Ports having the smallest connexion with, or being personally known
to the town which he represents:—the only necessary introduction being the Treasury
warrant -
Such was formerly the corruption, venality, and profligacy of the Cinque Ports,
and such the arrogance of the Lord Wardens, that these officers actually assumed
to themselves the power and right of nominating, as a matter of course, one (and
occasionally both) of the Representatives for each Borough town of the Ports. This
usurpation was quietly submitted to till the time of the Revolution; the year after
which, a death wound was given to the practice, by Act of Parliament.
The effect of this statute has been such as to take away from the Lord Warden
the privilege of nominating one Member for each town, and to vest in the Treasury
the power of returning both. The Lord Warden has still remaining a small Par-
liamentary interest at Dover, where he can command about thirty votes, by means
of places at his disposal, in and about Dover Castle, and the other forts in that
neighbourhood.
It should be observed, that the Lord Warden is the general returning officer of
all the Ports; and that all Parliamentary writs are directed to him, in the same
manner as to the Sheriffs of Counties; upon which he issues his precept for the
election to the proper officer of each Port.
The Cinque Ports, and such of the members as send Representatives to Parlia-
ment, are all incorporated; the head officer, or chief magistrate, being a mayor;
except at Seaford, where he is termed the bailiff.




DOVE
) DOWN
( 321
At this day, the right to the elective
franchise, by virtue of a freehold, is
totally at an end at every place but
Dover. Freedom, as a birthright, is
allowed to all the sons of freemen of
Dover, Sandwich, and Hythe ; at the
other Ports, the claim of the elder son
alone is admitted to be valid; and even
this has been very much narrowed of
late years. At Hastings and Rye, it
is pretended that the first-born son of
teries have of late years been built,
with no other view whatever that can
be discovered, except that of furnishing
three or four snug sinecure places in
each port. Another common mode of
binding the lower class of freemen to
their good behaviour is, by lending
them small sums of money on bond,
which, so long as they conduct them-
selves to the satisfaction of their su-
perior, are never demanded.


a freeman, born within the place, has
a just title; but that a second son, upon
the death of the elder brother, does not
succeed to his right; and further, if a
man, having had a son at any time, be
admitted to his freedom, that no after-
born son of this man can have the claim
of birthright, though the brother should
chance to have died before the admis-
sion of the father. At Romney, the
claim of the eldest son is admitted to
be good, provided he be born within
the town. At Winchelsea, the claim
of the eldest and every other son has of
late been wholly denied.
But, in order wholly to stifle such trouble-
some claims, it is now the practice to
admit such people only to freedoms,
by election or redemption, as are ad-
vanced in life, old bachelors, or those
who, for some reason or other, are not
likely to have children. But the greatest
qualification is poverty, which is con-
sidered as the best security for an uni-
form submission to the control and di-
rection of the superior power.
A freedom of a Cinque Port town is
always considered as entitling the pos-
sessor to a provision of some sort, which
is generally furnished at the expense of
DOWNPATRICK, Borough of,
Downshire, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. I Bs.
EDw.-SouTHw ELL RUTHwBN, Esq.
A Land Owner.

R. of E. In the inhabitants.
N. of V. 2200.
E. I. Possessed by Baron De Clifford.
Downshire, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
LoRD ARTHUR-Moyses - WILLIAM
HILL. 5th Parl.
Offi. Lieut. Col. of the Scots Greys.
Rel, Bro. to the Marquess of Down-
shire: son and heir to the Baroness
Sandys,
Viscount CASTLERE Ag H.
N. & S. Frederick Stewart.
Late a Lord of the Admiralty, &c.
Co. Se. Newtownards, Downshire.
Rel, Eld. son of the Marquess of
Londonderry.
2d Parl.
E. I. Exercised by the Marquesses of
Londonderry and Downshire.
Previously to the disfranchisement of the
the nation; and in order thereto, in
every one of the Cinque Ports, as a
matter of course, there is a very large
custom-house establishment. Besides
the ordinary servants and retainers to
a custom-house, there are usually 5 or
6 riding officers, and a custom-house
boat, among the crew, of which, if
there be a single sailor, it is an extra-
ordinary circumstance; but they must
all of necessity be freemen. At three
or four of the towns, custom-house
cutters are stationed, nominally to
cruise against the smugglers, but really
to make provision for the friends of the
minister; the whole body of officers are
freemen of course.
At almost all the ports, forts and bat-
23d Edw. I.
JAMEs BRough AM, Esq.
40s, freeholders, the Marquess of
Downshire's estates in this County
have been divided and subdivided into
30,000 portions, for the purpose of
creating a swarm of voters sufficient
to overcome all opposition.
DOWNTON, Borough of, Wilts.
2 Bss.
2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Rel. Brother to Baron Brougham and
Vaux, Lord High Chancellor of
Great Britain.
CHARLEs-SHAw LEFEvºr, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 9, Whitehall-place.
T T
DROG
DUBL
( 322 )
R. of E. Formerly in the holders of 21
burgage-tenures, which, on being di-
vided or split, produced violent con-
tests; now in the inhabitants paying
scot and lot.
N. of V. about 60. Pop. 3200.
R. O. The Steward of the Manor.
E. I. The Earl of Radnor is proprietor
and patron of this Borough.
DROGHEDA, Borough of Louth-
shire, Ird. A U. 41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
John-HENRY North, Esq. 3d Parl.
Offi. Judge of the Admiralty Court in
Ireland.
Co. Res. Merrion-square, Dublin.
R. of E. In the freeholders and freemen.
N. of V. 1150.
DROITWICH, Borough of, Wor-
cestershire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
THE R.T. Hon. THE EARL of SEF-
Ton, I. P. 5th Parl.
N. & S. William-Philip Molyneux.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 21, Arlington-street, Pic-
cadilly.
Co. Se. Stoke Farm, near Windsor,
Berks; and Croxteth Hall, Lan-
cashire.
Rel. Cous, to Baron Foley.
John - Hodge TT's Hodget Ts-Fo-
LEY, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Priestwood House, Stafford-
shire.
Rel. Cous. to Baron Foley.
R. of E. In the burgesses of Saltsprings,
Droitwich. -
N. of V. From 12 to 15.
R. O. Two Bailiffs.
E. I. Possessed by Baron Foley; in
whose family it has been since the re-
storation of Charles II.
Pop. 2230.
DUBLINSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. -
LoRD BRABAzon.
N. & S. William Brabazon.
Rel. Eld, son of the Earl of Meath.
2 Kts.
HENRY WHITE, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Killikee, Dublinshire;
Hacketstown, Balbriggan, and Pot-
ters, Hertfordshire.
Rel. Brother to Samuel White, Esq.,
M.P. for Leitrimshire.
E.I. Thomas White, Esq., is a Governor
of this County.
.DUBLIN, City of, Dublinshire, and
CAPITAL city of Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Cºts.

GEoRGE Moon E, Esq. L.L.D.,2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister, and King's Coun-
sel in Ireland.
Res. Hume-street, Dublin.
FREDERICK SHAw, Esq.
Offi. Recorder of Dublin.
R. of E. In the corporation and inhabit-
ants.
E. I. Exercised by the corporation.
DUBLIN UNIVERSITY (of the
Holy Trinity), Dublinshire, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Rep.
THoMAS LEFRoy, Esq. D.c. L.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Rel. to Anthony Lefroy, Esq.,
M.P. for Longfordshire.
R. of E. In the provost, fellows, and
scholars.
N. of V, 92.
DUMBARTONSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
LoRD Mont AGUE-WILLIAM GRA-
H.A.M.
Rel. Youngest son of the Duke of
Montrose.
N. of V. Real, 8; Nominal, 43:-
Total, 51. Pop. 25,220.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Mon-
trose; who has, however, but little
property in this County.
DUMFRIESSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
John - JAMEs HoPE - JoHNston E,
Esq.
A Land Owner.
Rel, Cous, to the Earl of Hopetoun,
S. P.
N. of V. Real, 61; Nominal, 11:-
Total, 72. Pop. 64,560.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Buc-
cleugh and Queensberry.

DUMF
DUNW
( 323 )
DUMFRIES, SANQUHAR, AN-
NAN, LOCHMABEN, and KIRK-
CUDBRIGHT, a district of Scottish
Boroughs. A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
WILLIAM - Rob ERT KEITH - Doug-
LAs, Esq. 5th Parl.
A West India Proprietor.
Offi. Chairman of the Acting Com-
mittee of the West India Body.
To. Res. 95, Eaton-square.
Rel. Brother to the Marquess of
Queensberry.
R. of E. In 95 Town Councilmen of the
several Boroughs who elect delegates
to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 51 Pop. 21,650.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Queensberry.
DUNDALK, Boroughof, Louthshire,
Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs.
THE Hon. John-Robert CRADock.
Offi. A Lieut. Colonel.
Co. Se. Grimston Park, Yorkshire.
Rel. Son and heir of Lord Howden.
R. of E. In the corporation.
N. of V. 36.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Roden.
DUNGANNON, Borough of, Ty-
romeshire, Ird. A.U. 41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
THE Hon. J. J. KNox,
(in the room of his eld, bro. the Hon.
Thomas Knox, who accepted the
stewardship of the Chiltern Hun-
dreds.)
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 31, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Aldenham, and Barham Park,
near Elstree, Herts.
Rel. 2d, son of Viscount Northland:
brother to the Hon. John-Henry
Knox, M.P. for Newry: nephew to
the Bishop of Derry.
R. of E. In the burgesses, who are self-
elected, in order to get up the elections.
N. of V. 12.
E. I. Possessed by Wiscount Northland,
and the Marquess of Donegall.
DUNGARVON, Borough of, Water-
fordshire, Ird. A.U.41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
THE Hon. GEoRGE LAMB. 3d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Offi. Joint-Under-Secretary for the
Home Department.
To. Res. Whitehall-yard.
Co. Se. Brocket Hall, Herts.
Rel. 2d brotherto Viscount Melbourne.
R. of E. In the freeholders.
N. of V. 1708.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Devon-
shire.
DUNWICH, Borough of Suffolk.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
ANDREwARCEDEckNE, Esq. 2d Parl,
A Land Owner.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 1, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Clevering Hall, Suffolk.
FREDERICK BARNE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 37, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se... Dunwich and Sotterly Park,
Suffolk.
R. of E. Decided, in 1703, to belong to
the resident freemen and burgesses
not receiving alms.
N. of V. From 18 to 20.
R. O. Two Bailiffs.
E. I. Possessed by Baron Huntingfield,
and by Mr. Michael Barne, father of
the Member.
This miserable hamlet was once a city,
the see of a bishop, an important sea-
port, and the most considerable place
in the county of Suffolk: it is now a
remarkable proof of the instability of
all sublunary things, being reduced to
a mean village, composed of only forty-
two houses, and half a church. It still,
however, retains the name of a cor-
poration, having two bailiffs, and
twelve capital burgesses, one half of
whom are named by Lord Hunting-
field, and the rest by Michael Barne,
Esq. who are joint proprietors of this
branch of British representation.
The destruction of this Borough was
occasioned by the incursion of the sea,
seven of its parishes out of eight having
been destroyed: and the encroachment
that is still making, will, probably in
a few years, oblige the constituent body
to betake themselves to a boat, when-
ever the king's writ shall summon them
to the exercise of their elective func-
tions—as the necessity of adhering to
forms, in the farcical solemnity of
Borough elections, is not to be dis-
pensed with.-In the reign of Richard
Pop. 210.
DURH ( 324 ) DURH
I., Dunwich was fined one thousand To, Res. Whitehall-yard.
and sixty marks, Orford fifteen, Ips- Co. Se. Cantley Hall, Doncaster, York-

wich two hundred, and Yarmouth two shire.
hundred, for the unlawful practice of Rel. Uncle to the Marchioness of
supplying the enemy with corn; which Londonderry. -
may give some insight into the trade
of these towns at that time. The walls,
which encompassed upwards of seven
acres of land, had three gates. That
to the eastward is quite demolished; - - - - - -
but the arches of º two gates to the º of irregularity in his elec-
westward continue pretty firm, and c.'s. Wilton Castle, Co. of Durham
have something curious in their work- - * > L - “. -
manship, but are almost covered with | *. of E. In the corporation and freemen,
ivy. This town being built on a hill resident and non-ºident.
consisting of loam and sand, it is no | X ºf . About 1200. Pop. 10,260.
wonder the sea had such an effect upon . % É. º '. great measure by
- - - . I. I’Ossessed 1n a
it, as to undermine and wash it away. Baron Durham and the Marquess of
DURHAM, County Palatine of. Londonderry; the former having 50,
49th Henry III. 2 Kts. and the latter 60 votes at their com-
- mand, from among the workmen in
their employ at their respective coal-
WILLIAM-RICHARD-CARTER CHAY-
ToR, Esq.,
(in the room of SIR. RogFR GRES-
LEY, Bart., who lost his seat on

Lord WILLIAM - John - FREDERIck
Pow LETT. 5th Parl.
its.
A Land Owner. r s -- - - - -
A West India Proprietor. This city is famous in parliamentary
To. Res. 19, Curzon-street, May-fair. annals, from having given rise to a
Co. Se. Somerby, near Oakham, Lin- law, which prevents corporate bodies
coinshire. " from multiplying the number of their
Rel. Second son of the Marquess of honorary freemen (or mushrooms and
Cleveland: bro. to the Earl of Dar. Jºgº, as they are more commonly
lington, M.P. for Saltash : son-in- called), for the purpose of stifling the
law to the Earl of Lonsdale. will of the legally constituted burgesses

and freeholders of any Borough or City.
In 1762, a contest took place between
the corporation of Durham and the
citizens; and on the return being made,
the latter petitioned the House of
Commons against the election of Mr.
WILLIAM RUSSEL, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner and Proprietor of Coal-
mines. - -
Co. Se. Brancepath Castle, Durham.
Jºel. Uncle to Mr. C. Tennyson, M.P.
for Bletchingly. - Gowland, the protegée of the former;
Parl. Pat. 2 Members for Bletch- forasmuch as º *::: had, for the
ingly. purpose of securing his election, made
Pop. 208,000. - upwards of 200 new freemen, who were
E. I. One moiety possessed by the Mar- strangers to the city; and that if this
quess of Cleveland. . and other daring infringements of their

liberties had not taken place, Mr John
Lambton would have been elected by
a great majority. The House accord-
ingly amended the return for “the
said city of Durham,” and ordered the
Clerk of the Crown to “erase the
name of Ralph Gowland,” and insert
Durham, once a sovereignty in itself, re-
turns only four Members to Parlia-
ment, viz. two for the County, and two
for the City. The same number repre-
sent the magnificent Boroughs of East
and West Looe! -
- that of General Lambton in its stead.
DURHAM, City of D. County. ... Thus were the rights of the people
31st Cha. II. ** ºriumphant over the illegal and arbi-
MICHAEL-ANGELo TAYLoR, Esq., trary influence of corporate authority;
F.S.A. 7th Parl. and to prevent the possibility of such
A Land Owner. an abuse of municipal power in future,
Prof. A Barrister-at-law. the famous statute, known by the name
Offi. Recorder of Poole, Dorsetshire. of the Durham Act, was passed in the

DYSA
ELGI
( 325 )
3d of Geo. III. By this Act, no per-
son has a right to vote, who has not
been possessed of his franchise twelve
calendar months before the first day of
the election. This Act does not ex-
tend to persons who are entitled to
their freedom of right, by the custom
of the borough; for such may be ad-
mitted at any time previous to an elec-
tion, or even during the poll.
DYSART, KIRKCALDY, KING-
HORN, and BRUNTISLAND, a
District of Scottish Boroughs.
A. U. 6th Anne.
LoRD Lough Borough.
N. & S. Alexander St. Clair Erskine.
Offi. A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Rosslyn.
R. of E. In 89 Town-Councilmen, of
the several Boroughs, who elect dele-
gates to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 41 Pop. 14,760.
E. I. Possessed by Gen. Sir R.-C. Fer-
guson, M. P. for Nottingham.
1 Com.
EDINBURGHSHIRE (or Midlo-
thian), Scotland. A. U.6th Anne, 1 Com.
SIR GEong E CLERK, Bart. 6th Parl.
Offi. Counsellor to the Lord High Ad-
miral of Scotland.
Late Under Secretary of State for
the Home Department.
Co, Se. Pennycuick, Edinburghshire.
N. of V. Real, 24; Nominal, 10:-
Total, 34. Pop. 152,560.
E. I. The Duke of Buccleugh and
Queensberry.
EDINBURGH, City of, Edinburgh-
shire, and cAPITAL c1TY of Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Comº.
THE R.T. Hon. WILLIAM DUNDAs.
- 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Lord Clerk-Register.
Keeper of the Signet, and
Register of Sasines, in Scotland.
A Privy Councillor in England.
To. Res. 45, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Gullen Lodge, Haddington,
N.B.; Pitchford Hall, Shrewsbury,
and Buxtead Park, near Uckfield,
Sussex.
Rel, Cousin to Wiscount Melvillé.
R. of E. In the corporation, consisting of
the Lord Provost, four Baillies, the
Dean of Guild, &c. &c.
N. of V. 33. Pop. 120,460.
E. ſ. The Duke of Buccleugh and
Queensberry, and Mr. Dundas.
This City is the only one in Scotland
which, of itself, returns a Member to
Parliament!
ELGINSHIRE, or Morayshire, Scot-
land. A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Comº.
THE Hon.
GRANT.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Inverness-shire.
Col. of the Militia of that County.
Co. Sc. Cullen House, Inverness-shire.
Re!. Bro. to the Earl of Seafield.
N. of V. Real, 20; Nominal, 33:-
Total, 53. Pop. 29,746.
E. I. The Duke of Gordon and the Earl
of Fife are the chief landed proprietors
in this County.
FRAN cis - WILLIAM
5th Parl.

ELGIN, CULLEN, BANFF, IN-
VERURY, and KINTORE, a District
of Scottish Boroughs. A. U. 6th Anne.
1 Com.
THE Hon. ALExANDER DUFF.
- 2d Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. General, and Col. of the
92d Foot.
To, Res. 25, Jermyn-street.
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Fife.
M. of V. In 78 Town Councilmen, of the
several Boroughs, who elect delegates
to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 51 Pop. 11,640.
E. I. Possessed by the Earls of Fife and
Seafield.
ENNIS, Borough of, Clareshire, Ire.
land. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs,
WILLIAM SMY TH O'BRIEN, Esq.
- 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.

R. of E. In the self-appointed burgesses.
N. of V. 13.
E.1. Possessed by Sir E. O'BRIEN, and
by the Hon. W. F. Vesey Fitzgerald,
late M. P. for Lostwithieſ.
ENNISKILLEN, Borough of, Fer-
managhshire, Ird. A. U. 41st Geo. III.
- 1 BS,
ESSE
EVES
( 326 )
THE Hon. ARTHUR-HENRY Col.F.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Civil Servant and late Repre-
sentative of the East India Com-
pany at one of the native Courts.
To. Res. 15, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Florence Court, Fermanagh-
shire.
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Enniskillen.
R. of E. In the self-elected burgesses.
N. of W. 15.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Ennis-
killen.
ESSEX, County of 49th Hen. III.
2 Kts.
CHARLEs CALLIs WESTERN, Esq.
10th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 35, South-street, Grosvenor-
square.
Co. Se. Felix Hall, Kelvedon, Essex.
John Tyss EN TYRELL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Rel. to Charles Tyrell, Esq.
M. P. for Suffolk.
Pop. 290,500.
Essex and its three Boroughs send eight
Members to Parliament, viz.2 knights
and 6 burgesses.
EVESHAM, Borough of Worcester-
shire, 23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
WAcANT :—The following are the repre-
sentatives chosen at the last election
for this Borough. We put them within
parentheses, and in italic types, in order
to show that their return has been dis-
allowed by the House of Commons,
on account of notorious corruption.
(Sir Charles Cockerell, Bart. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 147, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Sesincote, Gloucestershire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Baron Northwick.
Lord Kennedy.
N. & S. Archibald Kennedy.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Cassilis.)
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen,
and capital and common burgesses.
N. of V. From 600 to 630. Pop. 3520.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Baron Northwick, and Money.
This Borough has been under the in-
fluence of the Rushouts (the baron's
family) as far as regards the return of
one member, for upwards of a century:
the other member was usually returned
by a combination of attorneys, who
appear lately to have overshot the
mark, in their zealous ambition to pro-
vide for the legislative wants of the
people of England.
The price is said to be regularly fixed,
—five pounds for a single vote, ten
pounds for a plumper; and so recog-
nized and established is this purchase,
that in one instance, it is said, imme-
diately after the vote was given, a slip
of paper, naming the sum, was deli-
vered at the hustings to the voter, who
carried it to the candidate’s banker,
where it was immediately paid ; in
another, the reward was paid by the
agent of the party, appointed without
his knowledge, who hired an uninha-
bited house, into which parties were
introduced singly, that there might be
no witnesses. There are about ninety
non-resident voters living in and about
London, forty at Birmingham, and
about the same number dispersed
through the West of England, who
make a regular traffic of their votes.
So great is the corruption of this Bo-
rough, that the late Member, in dis-
gust, resisted all entreaties to become
again its representative: in his retiring
address, he declared ‘ he could not
submit to lend himself to so vicious and
abominable a system.” This Borough
is only partially open : one Member,
Sir Charles Cockerell, is returned by
the recommendation and through the
influence of Lord Northwick, but who
is still obliged to pay the voters; the
other Member is he who pays the best,
whatever may be his political creed.”
We quote the above description from
one of Colonel Jones's letters. Since
it was published, the last election has
been set aside by a decision of a Com-
mittee of the House of Commons; and
the writ for the election of new Mem-
bers is suspended: in fact, a bill has
been brought into the House for the
disfranchisement of this Borough, and
for the transfer of the franchise to Bir-
mingham.
On Feb. 17, 1831, Lord John Russell
presented a petition to the House of
Commons, praying for Reform, from
«
º



EXET
FIFE
( 327 )
the Borough of Evesham, which
stated that “corruption infected it like
a leprosy; and that, of nearly 4000
inhabitants, there were only 115
resident voters.”
EXETER, City of, Devonshire.
23d Edw. VI. 2 Cits.
LEwis-WILLIAM Buck, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 63, St. James’s-street.
JAMES WENTwo RTH BULLER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Rel. --— to Charles Buller, Esq.
M. P. for West Looe.
R. of E. In the freemen and freeholders,
including non-residents.
N. of V. From 1580 to 1600.
Pop. 24,560.
R. O. The Sheriff.
EYE, Borough of Suffolk.
13th Eliz. 2 Bss.
SIR EDw ARD KERRIson, Bart., C. B.
5th Parl.
An East India Proprietor.
Offi. A Major Gen., and Col. of the
14th Dragoons.
Recorder of Eye. -
To, Res. 13, Great Stanhope-street.
Co. Se, Oakley Park, Suffolk.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough.
WILLIAM BURGE, Esq.
Pro. A Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 50, Wimpole-street; and
7, New-square, Lincoln’s-inn.
R. of E. In the free burgesses and cor-
poration, and inhabitants paying scot
and lot.
N. of V. About 100.
R. O. Two Bailiffs.
E. I. Possessed by Earl Cornwallis and
Sir E. Kerrison.
Pop. 1890.
FERMANAGHSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
MERvy N ARchb.ALL, Esq. 9th Parl,
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Governor of the County of
Fermanagh.
A General in the Army.
Lieut. Gov. of the Isle of Wight.
Co. Se. Castle-Archdall, near Ennis-
killen, Fermanaghshire.
Viscount Conny. 3d Parl.
N. & S. Armar-Lowry Corry.
Co. Se. Castle-Coole, Fermanaghshire.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Belmore:
brother to the Hon. Henry-Thomas-
Lowry Corry, M.P. for Tyroneshire.

N.of V. Previously to the late Freeholder-
Disfranchisement Act, about 5400.
E. I. The Earls of Enniskillen and Bel-
more; and Mr. Archdall, the Member.
FIFESHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne,
JAMEs WEMyss, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Co. Se.. Wemyss Castle, Fifeshire.
Rel. Bro. in-law to the Earl of Errol.
N. of V. Real, 184; Nominal, 32:-
Total, 216. Pop. 104,976.
E. I. Possessed by the Wemyss family.
1 Comº.
3d Parl.
FLINTSHIRE, North Wales.
27th Hen. VIII. 1 Kt.
SIR THomi As Most YN, Bt. 10th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 14, Park-place, St. James's.
Co. Se. Mostyn Hall, Flintshire.
N. of V. About 65.
E. I. Possessed by Sir T. Mostyn, the
Member,whose family have represented
the County for nearly 150 years; and
by Baron Kenyon.
Flintshire, like other Welsh counties, is
poorly represented; for it deputes only
a knight and burgess to the House of
Commons!
FLINT, RHYDLAN, CAER-
WYS, CAERGULLY, and OVER-
TON (including Knolton and Overton-
Foreign), a District of Boroughs in
North Wales. 27th Henry VIII. 1 Bs.
SIR. Edward PRycE-LLoyd, Bart.
- 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 9, Lower Seymour-street.
Co. Se: Pengwern, near St. Asaph,
North Wales.
R. of E. In the inhabitants of these
Boroughs paying scot and lot.
N. of V. Nearly 1200. Pop. 5500.
R. O. The Mayor of Flint.
E. I. Possessed by Sir Watkin-Williams
Wynn, and the present Member.
FORF
FOWE
( 328 )
FORFARSHIRE (or Angus-shire),
&cotland. A, U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
THE Hon. WILLIAM RAMsAY-
MAULE. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 9, Cornwall-terrace.
Co. Se. Panmure, and Brechin Castle,
Forfarshire.
Rel. By other to the Earl of Dalhousie.
N. of V. Real, 90; Nominal, 24:—
Total. 114, Pop. 109,760.
E. I. The Hon. W.-R. Maule, the
present Member, is the chief land pro-
prietor in this County.
FORFAR, PERTH, DUNDEE,
CUPAR, and ST. ANDREWS, a
district of Scottish Boroughs.
A. U. 6th Anne.
OGILVIE, Esq.,
(in the room of THE RT. Hon.
FRANcis JEFFREY, against whose
return a petition had been presented.
On the 25th of March, the Com-
mittee decided in favour of the peti-
tioner, Mr. Ogilvie; but at the same
time resolved that Mr. Jeffrey's op-
position to the matter of the petition
was neither frivolous nor vexatious.)
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
R. of E. In 134 Town-Councilmen, of
the several Boroughs, who elect dele,
gates to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 5 !. Pop. 62,740.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Bread-
albane, and by Sir David Wedder-
burne, Bart.
FORTROSE (including Chanonry, and
Rosemarkie), INVERNESS, NAIRN,
and FORRES, a district of Scottish
Boroughs. A., U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
John BAILLIE, Esq. 3d Parl,
A Land Owner.
Occ, A Banker.
Offi. An East India Director.
A Colonel in the Army.
To, Res. 9, Devonshire-place.
Co. Se. Leyes, Inverness-shire.
N. of V. In 72 Town-Councilmen, of
the several Boroughs, who elect dele-
gates to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 41 Pop. 19,674.
J. I. Possessed by the Member himself,
and by the Rt. Hon. Charles Grant,
President of the Board of Control, and
M. P. for the County of Inverness.
l Com.
FOWEY, Borough of Cornwall.
14th Edw. III. 2 Bºss.
LoRD BRUDENEL. 4th Parl.
N. & S. James-Thomas Brudenel.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Major in the 8th Dragoons.
To, Res. 12, Hereford-street.
Co. Se. Brooksby Hall, Leicestershire.
Jºel. Eld, son of the Earl of Car-
digan.
John CHEEsMENT SEVERN, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To Res. 2, Queen-square, West-
minster.
Co, Se. Penybent Hall, Radnorshire.
R. of E. In such tenants of His Ma-
jesty, as Duke of Cornwall, as are
capable of holding the office of Port-
reeve, and who have been duly ad-
mitted upon the Court-roll of the
Manor; having done their fealty.
N. of V. about 300. Pop. 1480.
R. O. The Portreeve chosen at the
Court of His Majesty, who is Lord of
the Manor.
E. I. One moiety possessed by Mr.
Austin; the other by Mr. Lucey, of
Warwickshire, who purchased it from
Mr. Hamlet, the silversmith, for
20,000l., and has since spent upwards
of 70,000l. more in endeavouring to get
the whole patronage into his own pos-
SeSS10n.
GALWAYSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
JAMES STAUNToN LAMBERT, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se, Cregclare, in this County.
SIR. John BURRE, Bart.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
Co. Se. Marblehill, in this County.
Rel. Uncle to the Marquess of Clan-
ricarde.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.

R. of E. Previously to the late disfran-
chisement of the forty-shilling free-
holders, upwards of 4000.
E. I. The Marquess of Clanricarde has
considerable influence; but the Catho-
lic influence is prevalent. -
GALW
GLAM
( 329 )
GALWAY, Borough of, Galway-
shire, Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs.
JAMEs O'HARA, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner. .
Offi. Recorder of Galway.
Co. Se. West Lodge, Galway.
R. of E. In the corporation.
E. I. Possessed by I. Daly, Esq.
GATTON. Borough of, Surrey.
29th Henry VI. 2 Bss.
John VILLIERs SHELLEY, Esq.
Offi. A Captain in the Army.
Co. Se. Maresfield, Surrey.
Rel. Son of Sir John Shelley, Bart.,
M.P. for Lewes.
John-THoMAs HoPE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 37, Upper Seymour-street.
Co. Se. Netley, Salop. "
Re!. to Henry-Thomas Hope,
M.P. for East Looe.
R. of E. In the freeholders and inhabit-
ants, paying scot and lot.
N. of V. About 5.
R. O. A Constable.
E. I. Possessed formerly by Sir Mark
Wood, Bart. of Gatton Park; now by
Lord Monson.
“This very rotten Borough had at one
time only one house and one elector
It was then the property of the late
Sir George Colebroke; at the time
of his failure, it was sold by his as-
signees to Sir William Maine, who was
soon after created Lord Newhaven, of
the kingdom of Ireland. It was then
purchased upon speculation, by Mr.
Percy, a sugar-baker, and a Mr. Gra-
ham, who sold it again to the late
Robert Ladbroke, Esq. the banker.
In 1795, it was purchased from Mr.
Ladbroke by John Petrie, Esq. for
110,000l., 50,000l. of which was to
be retained by the purchaser, to an-
swer a claim that government had
upon the effects of Sir George Cole-
broke. On the failure of Mr. Petrie,
it was again sold by his assignees to
Mark Wood, Esq., who was created a
Baronet after the purchase.—Sir Mark
united in himself the functions of Mem-
ber of Parliament, magistrate, church-
warden, overseer, surveyor of highways,
and collector of taxes, and appointed at
his Court-Leet the constable, who was
returning officer'
Pop. 40.
“This Borough, which now consists of
only sia houses, has but one voter;
the right of election being in the free-
holders, having such freeholds in their
own occupation, and in the inhabitants
paying scot and lot. Whilst Sir Mark
Wood was the proprietor, he was the
only freeholder; and possessing the six
houses, he occupied one himself, and
let the other five by the week, for
which he paid the taxes; thus retain-
ing the whole right of election to him-
self.”—Oldfield.
In the discussion which followed the first
reading of the Reform Bill, now in
progress through the House of Com-
mons, Mr. Shelley, one of the repre-
sentatives of Gatton, said that “He
looked upon the proposed measure as
the prelude of future misery. He
confessed he stood in a peculiar position
in regard to the measure, but he was
entirely uninfluenced by the considera-
tion of personal interest. It had been
urged as an argument for the destruc-
tion of the close or rotten boroughs,
that their representatives cannot give a
free vote; but he considered that the
only Members who were completely,
thoroughly, and entirely free and in-
dependent, represented the close Bo-
roughs. (Cheers, and great laughter.)
His reason was that it had always been
held that representatives were bound
to support the individual interests of
their constituents; but the Members
for the close Boroughs were unshackled
by any obligations to support local or
individual interests, and were free and
unbiassed for the consideration of all
questions for the whole nation,”

GLAMORGANSHIRE, South
Wales. 27th Hen. VIII. I Kt.
CHRIsto PHER-RICE-MAN'sel TAL-
Bot, Esq. -
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Margan, in this County.
Rel. Nephew to the Earl of Ilchester.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of Bute;
Mr. Talbot, the Member; and Sir
Charles Morgan, Bart, M.P. for Mon-
mouthshire.

Glamorganshire returns only two Mem-
bers to Parliament, viz., a Knight of
the Shire, and a Burgess who represents
a district of eight Boroughs, of which
U u
GLAS
GLOU
( 330 )
Cardiff is the chief—What an ine-
quality exists between this County—
or the following district of Scottish Bo-
roughs—and the foregoing non-entity
Borough of Gatton | | |
GLASGOW, RENFREW, RU-
THERGLEN, and DUMBARTON,
a District of Scottish Boroughs.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
ARchi BAL D CAMPBELL, Esq., 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Lord-Lieut. of Renfrewshire.
Co. Se. Blythwood, Renfrewshire.
R. of E. In 87 Town-Councilmen of
these Boroughs, who elect delegates to
vote for the Member.
N. of W. 41 Pop. 133,600.
E. I. Possessed by Sir John Campbell
and A. Campbell, Esq.
It is curious that Glasgow, which has
long been a flourishing and populous
city, should, at the time of the Union
between England and Scotland, appear
so very insignificant to the promoters
of that measure, as to be included in
a district for representation with any
other town whatever; more particu-
larly with three Boroughs so com-
paratively small as those above an-
nexed to it.
-
GLOUCESTERSHIRE.
20th Edw. I. 2 Kts.
LoRD Rob ERT - Edwa RD - HENRY
SoMERSET, K.c.B., K.T. s. and
K. S.W. 8th Parl.
Offi. A Lieut-Gen. and Col. of the
1st Dragoons.
To. Res. 5, Grosvenor-square.
Rel. Bro. to the Duke of Beaufort,
and to Lord Fitzroy-James-Henry
Somerset, K.C.B., a Major-Ge-
neral, and Military Secretary to the
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces:
auncle to the Marquess of Worces-
ter, M.P. for Monmouth; to Lord
Granville-Charles-Henry Somerset,
M.P. for Monmouthshire; and to
the lady of the Hon. Frederick
Gough Calthorpe, M. P. for Bram-
ber: bro.-in-law to Wiscount Court-
enay.
SIR BERKELEY-WILLIAM GUISE,
Bart. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Sc. Rendcomb Park, near Ciren-
cester; and Higham Court, near
Gloucester.

Pop. 337,500.
E. I. One moiety exercised by the
Duke of Beaufort.
Gloucestershire sends, in all, eight Mem-
bers to Parliament, viz., 2 Knights, 2
Citizens, and 4 Burgesses.
GLOUCESTER, City of Glouces-
tershire. 20th Edw. I. 2 Cits.
EDw ARD WEBB, Esq. p.c. L. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Stoke-Bishop, Bristol; and
Adwell, Tetsworth.
Jon N PHILPotts, Esq.
Prºf. A Barrister-at-Law.
Itel. Bro. to the Lord Bishop of
Exeter.
R. of E. In the freemen at large.
N. of W. About 2200, of whom 1500
are non-resident. Pop. 10,340.
R. O. The Mayor.
“Mr. Philpotts obtained his seat by
spending about £18,000 in treating,
taking up freedoms, &c. Colonel
Webb, the other Member, was returned
upon the Whig interest, which prevails
in the city and corporation.”—Spec-
tator Newspaper, Jan. 2, 1831.
GRANTHAM, Borough of Lincoln-
shire. Edw. I V. 2 Bss.
GLYNNE EARLE WELBY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 50, Upper Harley-street.
Co. Se. Denton Hall, Lincolnshire.
Rel. Son of Sir W. E. Welby, Bart.
SIR Mont AGUE John C.Holm ELEY,
Bart. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Easton, Lincolnshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Duke of St.
Alban’s.
R. of E. In the freemen of the Borough,
resident and non-resident, not receiving
alms or charity.
N. of V. From 860 to 900. Pop. 6280.
R. O. The Alderman.
E. I. The families of the Duke of Rut-
land and Earl Brownlow influenced
the return of representatives for this
Borough from 1660 to 1802. From
that period until 1818, their interests
GRIM ( 33 I
) GRIN
were opposed by Sir William Manners, This Borough stands second to none in
who possessed a large estate near the
town, and had purchased nearly all
the houses in the Borough. Previously
to 1802, it had been customary for the
voters to receive two guineas from each
candidate; at that election, however,
the price rose to ten ; so that, there
being four candidates, each elector re-
ceived forty guineas. The baronet's
protegeós, however, were unsuccessful;
but he continued to contest the Bo-
rough until 1812, when he purchased
Lord Brownlow's property in Gran-
tham, and gave the duke permission to
sport over his extensive manors, on
condition that His Grace should dis-
continue all further interference with
the elections. The corporation, how-
ever (who have the power of making
an unlimited number of freemen), were
the annals of corruption. During the
last war, a military officer, extensively
employed in the recruiting service,
became a candidate, in opposition to
the interest of its patron, Lord Yar-
borough; and finding recruits as ne-
cessary for his political as his military
service, inlisted a majority of the voters
as soldiers, with a liberal bounty; and
carried his election. His treatment of
them afterwards, however, proved that
honour is not always to be found among
thieves: he picked out the able-bodied
electors, and drafted them off to dif-
ferent regiments; where, no doubt, they
had time to reflect, that in selling the
liberties of their country, they them-
selves became deservedly enslaved.
GRINSTEAD (East), Borough of,
determined in this case to counteract | Sussea. 1st Edw. II. 2 Bss.
the influence of property; for Sir Wil-
liam had contrived, by the irritability
of his temper and the domineering
haughtiness of his spirit, not only to
keep up continual warfare with them,
but also gave great offence to all the sur-
rounding interests. Accordingly, they
espoused the cause of Sir W. E. Welby,
and invited Earl Brownlow to resume
one moiety of the patronage of the
Borough, which his lordship has done
THE Hon. FREDERick - Rich ARD
WEST, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner. .
To. Res. 38, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se, Ruthin Castle, Denbighshire;
and Culham Court, Henley-upon-
Thames.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to R.-M. Biddulph,
Esq., M. P. for Denbigh : cousin to
Earl Delawarr.
since iaig. For a further account of Viscount Horºspade. 2d Parl.
the conduct of Sir W. Manners, see
Ilchester.
GRIMSBY (Great), Borough of *
Lincolnshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 BSs.
N. & S. Frederick-Campbell Amherst.
To. Res. 66, Grosvenor-street.
Rel. Son and heir of Earl Amherst.
of E. Decided in 1695 to be in the

burgage-holders only.
N. of V. 30. Pop. 3150.
CHARLEs Wood, Esq. 2d Parl. R. O. A Bailiff chosen at the Court-Leet
A Land Owner.
of the lords of the manor, who are
To. Res. 22, Charles-street, Berkeley- E. I. The Duke of Dorset, and Earl
square.
GEor GE HARRIs, Esq.
An East India Proprietor.
Offi. A Captain in the R. Navy.
R. of E. In the resident freemen paying
scot and lot. N. B. All the sons of
freemen born in the town are entitled
to their freedom, as well as every per-
son marrying a freeman's daughter or
widow.
N. of V. From 280 to 300. Pop. 3120.
R. O. The Mayor.
Delawarr.—It came out before a Com-
mittee of the House of Commons in
1803, on the trial of a petition of John
Frost, Esq. that none of the grantees
holding the burgage-tenures for the
Duchess of Dorset were allowed to
have possession of their deeds; but
that they were brought in a bag to
the place of election by Mr. Hoper,
attorney of Lewes, agent to her Grace,
and carried back by him in the same
manner; but at the election, the title
of the voter was of course admitted *.

* This fact demands the strongest animadversion; although it is only one instance
out of many, wherein electors are not allowed to have possession of the deeds which
GUIL
HADD
( 332 )
GUILDFORD, Borough of, Surrey.
23d Edw, I. 2 BSs.
CHARLEs-BARING WALL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Merchant.
To. Res. 44, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Norman Court, near Stock-
bridge, Hants.
GEoRGE-Holm E SUMNER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Hatchlands Park, Surrey.
Rel. — to the Right Reverend C.-
R. Sumner, Lord Bishop of Win-
chester: —— to the Right Reverend
J.-B. Sumner, Lord Bishop of
Chester.
R. of E. In the mayor, freemen, and
freeholders residing within the ancient
limits of the Borough, and paying scot
and lot.
N. B. Persons who have served 7 years
to a freeman are, ipso facto, freemen.
In 1768, it was decided that no free-
holders should vote, whose freeholds
were not conveyed to them previous to
the opposition of candidates being made
known.
N. of V. from 230 to 240. Pop. 3260.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Has long been exercised by the
families and relatives of the two
Members, viz. Earl Onslow and
Baron Grantley.
HADDINGTONSHIRE (or East
Lothian). Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
LoRD John HAY. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Rel, Bro. to the Marquess of Tweed-
dale.
enable them to vote.
N. of V. 5 !
N. of V. Real, 63; Nominal, 13:-
Total, 76. Pop. 31,654.
E. I. The Earl of Hopetoun.
HADDINGTON, DUNBAR,
NORTH BERWICK, LAUDER,
and JEDBURGH, a District of Scottish
Boroughs. A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
SIR ADolphus-John DALRYMPLE,
Bart. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 129, Park-street, Grosvenor-
square.
Co. Se. High Mark, Wigtonshire.
Rel. Eld, son of Sir Hugh Dalrymple,
Bart.

R. of E. In 99 Town-Councilmen of
these Boroughs, who elect delegates to
vote for the Member.
Pop. 16,940.
E. J. Possessed by the Earl of Lauder-
dale.
HAMPSHIRE. 18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
Joh N FLEMING, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Clarendon Hotel, 169, New
Bond-street.
Co. Se. Stoneham, Hants.
SIR WILLIAM HEATHcot E, Bart.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Hursley Park, Hants.
Pop. 287,460.
Hampshire is well represented; that is,
as far as number goes: it returns 26
Members in all, viz. 2 knights of the
shire, 2 citizens of Winchester, and 22
burgesses for 11 Boroughs.
What, then, are the 25,000,000 of inhabitants of England,
Wales, Scotland, and Ireland—ay, and the almost countless natives and colonists of
India, the West Indies, and North America—still to be virtually represented—
still to be legislated for—still to be taved—by men, chosen by other men, whose
honesty cannot be trusted during the short hour of polling 30 voters ? Oh shame !
shame!—Will other nations credit this? Will Britons, even, believe that there is such
a foul stain on their national integrity—such a blot on their boasted patriotism?
And yet, such facts are recorded on many pages of the parliamentary journals.-It
would be a curious speculation to calculate what proportion of the 1,200,000,000l. of
national debt has been incurred by, what number of the 2,000,000 of lives sacri-
ficed during the French and American wars are attributable to, and what quantity
of the mass of human misery now existing in Britain and Ireland is to be placed
to the account of.-gentlemen, who have been made Members of Parliament by voters
whom they would not trust out of their sight with a guinea, or a guinea's worth !

HARW
HASL
( 333 )
HARWICH, Borough of Esser.
17th Edw. III. 2 Bss.
THE RIGHT Hon. John-CHARLEs
HERRIEs. 3d Parl,
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Late Master of the Mint, and Pre-
sident of the Board of Trade,
To. Res, 7, Carlton-gardens.
Co. Se. Montreal, Seven Oaks, Kent.
THE RIGHT Hon. GEORGE-Rob ERT
DAwson, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Trustee of the Irish Linen
Manufacture.
Late Joint Secretary of the Treasury.
To. Res. 16, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co., Se, Castle Dawson, Londonderry-
shire. -
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Sir Robert Peel,
Bart., M.P. for Tamworth; and to
William Yates Peel, Esq., M.P.
for Yarmouth.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
capital burgesses, residing within the
Borough.
N. of V. 32.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Treasury; one
of the Secretaries to which is always
one of the Representatives.
In the Pension-List of Charles II. it is
stated, that Thomas King, Esq., M.P.
for Harwich, had a pension of 50l. per
session, besides meat and drink, and
now and then a suit of clothes.
Pop. 4260
HASLEMERE, Borough of Surrey.
27th Eliz. 2 Bss,
THE RT. Hon. SIR John BEck Ett,
Bart. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner. -
Off. A Privy Councillor.
Late Judge Marshal and Advocate
General.
To. Res. 11, Stratford-place.
Co. Se. Somerby Park, Lincolnshire.
Rel. Son-in-law to the Earl of Lons-
dale.
WILLIAM Holm Es, Esq.
A West India Proprietor.
Offi. Agent for the Colony of Dema-
Tara.
Late Treasurer of the Ordnance.
To. Res. 10, Grafton-street, Bond-
Street.
Parl. Pat. This gentleman's family
returns 2 Members for Yarmouth,
I. W. ; and 2 Members for New-
port, I. W.
R. of E. Possessed by the burgage-
holders, who are styled inhabitant
freeholders”.
N. of V. 60. Pop. about 900.
R. O. A Bailiff chosen at the Court–Leet
of the Lord of the Manor, who is
E. I. The Earl of Lonsdale. This no-
bleman (when Sir James Lowther) is
said to have purchased this Borough
for 24,000l. from an apothecary and
an attorney in the neighbourhood, who
had bought it for 18,000l. ; these vil-
lage professionals clearing 6,000l. by
the bargain,
The late Earl of Lonsdale, not thinking it
safe to trust any of the inhabitants
with a conveyance of his freeholds,
actually sent forty of his labourers
from his collieries in the north of
England to reside in this Borough;
erected cottages for their accommoda-
tion, and allowed them half a guinea
a week each, besides what they might
earn by their labour, if they thought
proper to work!—All he required of
these gentlemen in black was to choose
two Members of his own nomination
for Haslemere.
These men continued to reside in this
Borough during the remainder of that
nobleman’s life, a period of more than
twenty years; and elected the Members
who represented it in the 15th, 16th,
17th, and 18th Parliaments of Great
Britain; that is, from 1780 to 1800.
Upon the death of the late Earl, the pre-
sent one, thinking the expense of sup-
porting these men might be dispensed
with, dismissed them, and sent them
3d Parl.


* “By the word freeholders is meant only freeholders of messuages, lands, or
tenements lying within the Borough and Manor of Haslemere, whether the same
pay rent to the Lord of the said Borough and Manor or not, exclusive of any lands
or tenements which are, or have been, parcel of the waste ground of the said
Borough and Manor, or any messuages or buildings which are, or shall be, standing
thereon.”—April 25, 1755.
HAST
) HAVE
( 334

home; the consequence of which was,
that, at the general election in 1812,
two opposition candidates appeared on
the morning of the election. The Earl
having made no conveyance of any of
his forty freeholds; nor Lord Gwydir
of the twenty-four belonging to him,
there was not a single voter to be found
in the Borough
In this dilemma, there was only one
stratagem to be resorted to, which was, .
to cause the bailiff to adjourn the poll
to the next day; and, in the mean
time, to put all the attorneys who could
be procured from the neighbouring
towns in a state of requisition, to
make out as many conveyances as the
time would admit by the next morn-
ing !—This was accordingly done;
and by nine o'clock the following day
the parchment voters were created, and
admitted as good, by the returning
officer: — at the same time, seven real
freeholders, resident within the Bo-
rough, were rejected, because they were
about to vote for the opposition can-
didates. These transactions were pe-
titioned against; but the Earl's influ-
ence prevailed. -
HASTINGS, Borough and Cinque
Port of Susser. 43d Edw. III. 2 Barons.
SIR HENRY FANE, G.C.B. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lieut. General, and
Col. of the 1st Dragoons.
Late Surveyor Gen. of the Ordnance.
Co. Se. Fulbeck Hall, Lincolnshire.
Jose PH PLANTA, Esq. 2d Parl.
Late Joint Secretary of the Treasury.
To. Res. 10, Charles-street, St. James's.
Co. Se. Fairlight-place, Hastings,
Sussex.
R. of E. In the mayor, jurats, and free-
men resident, not receiving alms.
N. of V. Nearly 200. Pop. 6850.
R. O. The Mayor, who is generally a
Peer. -
E. I. Exercised by the Treasury, through
the agency of an attorney named Mil-
ward. One part of the policy in this
Borough is to give the freedom to
persons who are likely to become
paupers; so that the power of return-
ing the Members may be kept in the
hands of a few. -
44
Before the passing of Mr. Crewe's bill,
the appointment of the representatives
in Parliament for this town was wholly
in the Treasury; the number of voters
was usually about twenty, the whole of
whom had places under, or were other-
wise provided for by, government.
The management and conduct of this
faithful and well disciplined corps was,
for a long series of years, vested in Mr.
Collier, who, in this situation, acquired
a princely fortune, whereby he was en-
abled to provide handsomely for five co-
heiresses, his daughters. On his death,
Mr. Milward (who had married a Miss
Collier) succeeded to the post of agent
to the Treasury. The whole patronage
of government, in this place, is in the
hands of Mr. Milward, who disposes
of the various places in that manner
which he imagines will be most con-
ducive to the common interest of him-
self and the Treasury. Since Mr.
Crewe's bill, it has been necessary to
keep up a certain number of freemen
(just enough to go through the farce,
and to perform the various ceremonies
of an election), who do not ostensibly
hold any place under government.
These, however, do not go unprovided
for; they are, of course, quartered on
such of their brother freemen as are in
possession of more lucrative situations.
Others, rather than lose their franchise
by the operation of that bill, have given
up their places to their sons, and other
near relations; by which measure the
freeman preserves his vote, and the
Treasury its influence.
Whatever personal interest Mr. Mil-
ward may have in this place, apart
from, and independent of, the Trea-
sury, is obtained and preserved by
lending small sums of money, on
bond, to the most indigent freemen ;
which obligations are never meant to
be enforced, so long as they continue
in a state of passive obedience: but, if
at any time they should venture to
give the smallest indication of inde-
pendence, the payment of their debts
is required, and a prison the certain
consequence of the smallest delay.”—
Oldfield.



HAVERFORDWEST, Borough of,
Pembrokeshire, South Wales.
27th Hen. VIII.
1 Bs.
HEIDO ( 335
) HELS
SIR. Rich ARD-BULKELEY PHILIPPs,
Bart. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 58, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Picton Castle, Pembrokeshire.
Parl. Pat. The Member for this Bo-
rough.
R. of E. In the freeholders, burgesses,
and inhabitants paying scot and lot,
and not receiving alms.
Rel. Uncle to the Marquess Townshend:
bro... in-law to the Duke of Leeds.
SIR SAMUEL-John - BRooke PE-
CHELL, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Qffi. A Lord of the Admiralty.
A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. The Admiralty.
Co. Se. Aldwick, Chichester.
N. of v. Between 500 & 520. Pop. 4250. R. ºf E. In the cºſporation, onsisting
E. I. Exercised by the Member himself.
of a mayor, 11 aldermen, and 24 com-
mon-councilmen.
HEDON, Borough of, Yorkshire. N. of V. 36. Pop. 2670.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss. R. O. The Mayor.
SIRTHoMAs-Aston-CLIFF on D Con-
sTABLE, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Tixal, Staffordshire.
RoBERT FARRAND, Esq.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Leeds.
In 1790 there was only one elector alive,
according to the old charter of Queen
Elizabeth; and it fell to his lot to
nominate two Representatives for this
Borough ' ' '

Occ. A Corn-factor. At the general election, in 1812, a petition
To. Res. 3, Park-street, Westminster.
Co. Se. Hale Hall, Swaffham, Norfolk.
R. of E. In the corporation and bur-
gesses, who are such by descent, by 7
years’ apprenticeship, or by discre-
tionary gift of the corporation.
N. of V. About 300, of whom 80 only
are resident. Pop. about 900.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Iveson family, who are at-
torneys, and who have always com-
manded one seat—sometimes both.
Col. John Baillie, the present Member
for Inverness, &c., represented Hedon
for some time; regularly paying his
4000l. per Parliament, which was
considered a very fair and marketable
price. The common price of a vote,
when there is no opposition, is 20!,
and though the electors in general are
very needy persons, as much as 100l.
of certain electors was presented against
the influence of the Duke of Leeds,
who allowed the corporation an annual
sum of money, on condition of return-
ing to Parliament two Members under
the nomination of his Grace. This
being fully proved, a special report of
the corrupt practice was made by the
Committee to the House; but a motion
being made, that the Attorney-General
should be ordered to prosecute his
Grace, the same was negatived by a
majority of three votes. A bill was
then brought in to extend the right of
voting for Helston, to the freeholders
of the hundred in which it is situated:
this bill had passed unanimously
through the House of Commons, but,
by some unaccountable neglect, was
suffered to remain on the table of the
Lords till the session of 1817, when
it was thrown out by their Lordships?



has been demanded to..., single vote; This Borough, like shaftesbury, Hindon,
and in many cases, 80l. have been
given. The families of several of
these burgesses have almost lived on
their electioneering exactions; and yet,
the idleness consequent on such easy
means of obtaining money has de-
moralized and ruined them at the
same time.
HELSTON, Borough of, Cornwall.
23d Edw. I. and Geo. III. 2 Bss.
LoRDJAMEs-NUGENT-Boy LE-BER-
NARDo Townshend. 4th Parl.
off. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
Ilchester, and Arundel, has escaped
disfranchisement, after a conviction of
bribery; but it must be recollected that
each of these has a Noble Patron, or
nominator of their Members; while
Cricklade, Shoreham, Aylesbury, and
East Retford, which have each been
extended to the surrounding hundreds,
had neither of them a Patron or Noble
Proprietor whose nomination was to be
invaded by this extension of the rights
of suffrage.—This appears to be the line
hitherto drawn in the disfranchisement
of rotten Boroughs.
HERE ( 336 ) HERT
HEREFORDSHIRE.
49th Hen. III. 2 Kts.
SIR John-GEERs Cot TERELL, Bart.
7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 9, George-street, Hanover-
square.
Co. Se. Garrons, Herefordshire; Far-
combe, Worcestershire.
SIR. Rob ERT PRIce, Bart. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Foxley, Herefordshire.
Herefordshire returns eight Members
to the Commons House of Parliament;
viz. 2 knights of the shire, 2 citizens
of Hereford, and 4 burgesses of Leo-
minster and Weobly.
HEREFORD, City of, Herefordshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
VIS cou NT EASTNOR. 5th Parl.
N. & S. John Somers-Cocks.
To. Res. 3, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Reigate Priory, Surrey.
Rel. Eld. son of Earl Somers: son-
in-law of the Earl of Hardwicke:
2d cous. to J. Cocks, Esq., M.P.
for Reigate.
Edwar D-Bolton CLIVE, Esq.
2d Parl.
To. Res. 18, Grafton-street.
Co. Se. Whitfield, Herefordshire.
Irel. Cousin to Earl Powis: brother
to Henry Clive, Esq., M.P. for
Montgomery; 2d cousin to Viscount
Clive; and the Hon. R. H. Clive,
both Members for Ludlow.
R. of E. In the freemen and citizens,
resident and non-resident.
N. of V. From 1200 to 1250.
Pop. 9680.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Earl Somers, who is High Steward
of the Borough, possesses one moiety.
HERTFORDSHIRE.
49th Hen. III. 2 Kts.
SIR. John - SAUNDERS SEBRIGHT,
Bart. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 89, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Beechwood, Herts.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Hare-
wood.
Nicholson CALVERT, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 89, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Hunsdon House, Ware, Herts.
Rel. Bro. to Charles Calvert, Esq.
M.P. for Southwark: bro.-in-law
to Viscount Northland, I.P. (Baron
Ranfurly, U. K.)
This County returns six Members to
Parliament; viz. 2 knights of the
shire, and four burgesses for Hertford
and St. Alban's.
It ought to be written in letters of gold,
that to this county is attributable the
singular and enviable glory of main-
taining its independence on every oc-
casion wherein its interests or dignity
demanded a display of the devotion of
its freeholders in the cause of liberty
and humanity. A noble instance of
their attachment to the cause of liberty,
and of their gratitude and affection for
those who had the zeal and integrity
to support it, occurs in their conduct
towards Mr. Caesar, in 1736. That
gentleman had uniformly opposed the
despotic measures of Sir Robert Wal-
pole, and was particularly hostile to
his introduction of the excise laws; by
which he deranged his private fortune,
and was arrested and imprisoned for
debt in the King's Bench, immediately
on the dissolution of parliament. On
the death of Sir Thomas Sebright, the
freeholders repaired in bodies to Hert-
ford, and, at their own expense, pro-
posed Mr. Caesar, and elected him by
a great majority. An express was in-
stantly despatched to release their re-
presentative from his confinement;
and he was next day restored to his
liberty, and to the service and affections
of his patriotic constituents. Such an
instance of public virtue is worthy of the
best days of ancient Greece and Rome.
—O / si sic omnia /


HERTFORD, Borough of, Hert-
fordshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
THoMAs-SLING's BY DUN.com.B.E, Esq.
A Land Owner. 2d Parl.
To, Res. 20, Queen-street, May-fair.
Rel. Bro. to Baron Feversham : uncle
to the Hon. William Duncombe,
M.P. for Yorkshire; and to the
Hon. Arthur Duncombe, M.P. for
the Hundred of Bassetlaw. --
Parl. Pat. One Mem, for this Borough.
HEYT (
7 ) HIGH
33
Viscou NT INGEst RIE.
N. & S. Henry-John Chetwynde-
Talbot.
Offi. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 5, Mansfield-street, Port-
land-place.
Co. Res. Leicester.
Rel. Eld. son of Earl Talbot.
R. of E. In the inhabitant householders
not receiving alms; and in such free-
men as were inhabitants at the period
of their being made free.
N. of V. About 720; viz. 550 resident,
and 170 non-resident. Pop. 4540.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Marquess of Salisbury and
Mr. Duncombe the Member, each,
possess a moiety, from being the pro-
prietors of almost all the houses in the
town, to the great inconvenience of the
inhabitants: for when other persons
wish to secure an interest in the place,
they adopt the same plan, and hold
more houses, by which their value is
artificially raised.
HEYTESBURY, Borough of, Wilts.
27th Edw. I. 2 Bss,
Edwan D-HENRY A’Court, Esq.
3d Parl.
Offi. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
To. Res, 16, Great Ryder-street, St.
James’s,
Rel. Brother to Baron Heytesbury,
Amb. Ext. and Plenipo. to the
Court of St. Petersburgh.
SIR GEo RGE-THoMAS STAUNTox,
Bart.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
Late Chief Supercargo for the East
India Company in China.
To. Res. 17, Devonshire-street, Port-
land-place,
Co. Se, Leigh Park, Hampshire.
R. of E. In the burgage-holders
N. of V. 50. Pop. 1350.
R. O. A Bailiff, chosen at the Court-
Leet of the Lord of the Manor, who is
E. I. Baron Heytesbury.
“What a contrast does this Borough
form to the town of Warminster, which
contains more than 1000 houses and
nearly 6000 inhabitants, and has the
first corn market in England, situate
only four miles from Heytesbury, and
the same distance from Westbury,
but like the largest towns in Great
Britain has no representation The
inhabitants have the unpleasant re-
flection of being situated at an equal
distance between two rotten Boroughs,
at each of which one individual can re-
turn two Members to Parliament! who
have, besides, the power of imposing
those taxes which they must pay, and
making those laws by which they are
to be governed 1
“Heytesbury was entirely burnt down in
the year 1766, but that catastrophe
did not suspend the return of Members
to Parliament. Like Old Sarum, it
retained the functions of political life,
after the body had been annihilated.”—
Oldfield.
HIGHAM-FERRERS, Borough of,
Northamptonshire. 2d Mary, 1 Bs.
Visco UNT Howick. 2d Parl.
N. & S. Henry Grey.
Offi. Joint Under-Secretary for the
Colonies.
To, Res. 48, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Howick, Northumberland.
Rel. Eld. son of Earl Grey.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, bur-
gesses, and freemen, who are house-
holders within the Borough, and not
receiving alms.
N. of V. Between 145 & 150. Pop. 890. .
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by Earl Fitzwilliam,
who, and whose ancestors, have no-
minated the Member since 1702.
HINDON, Borough of, Wilts.
27th Edw. I.
John WEYLAND, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Merchant.
Co. Se. Wood-rising Hall, Norfolk.
THE Hon. GEong E-MAT THE w For-
TESCU E. 2d Parl,
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 17, Grosvenor-square.
Rel. 2d son of Earl Fortescue: bro.
to Viscount Ebrington, M.P. for
Devonshire.
R. of E. In the inhabitant housekeepers
of the Borough, who are parishioners,
and who do not receive alms.
W. of W. Between 240 & 250. Pop. 845.
R. O. Lord Calthorpe's bailiff.
2 Bss,
x x
HONI ( 338 ) HONI
E. I. Exercised by Baron Calthorpe, Co. Se. Lochend, East Lothian, N.B.:
Mr. Beckford, and Lord Grosvenor. Cliefden House, Maidenhead.
In 1774, great bribery having been com- tº ſºlº to the Earl of Fal-
util.
mitted by all the 4 candidates, a Bill
of Disfranchisement was introduced R. of E. In the inhabitant housekeepers,
into Parliament, but, through the wiles or populacy” (commonly called pot-
and chicanery of those whose interest wallopers), not receiving alms.
it was to oppose it, it never passed N. of V. About 500. Pop. 3296.
into a law. , Qn the above occasion, R. 6. The Portreeve, appointed at the
it was proved that a clergyman of the Court-Leet of the Lord of the Manor,
Establishment enacted the part of who is— -
Punch ; in which character he bribed E. I. The Earl of Devon (late Viscount
several of the voters. Courtenay).

HONITON, Borough of, Devon- “The Members for this Borough are
shire. 28th Edw. I. 2 Bss. generally strangers, who are sought out
by individuals properly instructed; or
Joºn-Joºs Guest, Esq. 2d Parl are recommended by the Treasury.
A Land Owner. - Previous to a vacancy, these dealers
Occ. A Banker and Iron-master. in corruption endeavour to find a can-
Co. Se. Dowlais House, Glamorgan- didate suited to their purpose, as rich
shire. and unexceptionable as possible, who,
THE RIGHT Hon. SIR GEo. WAR- depositing a certain sum of money, is
RENDER, Bart. 5th Parl. sure of having every art and effort
A Land Owner. exerted in his favour. Thus bribery
An East India Proprietor. commences, and continues in proportion
Offi. A Privy Councillor. to the activity of the agents of a third
To. Res. 22, Albemarle-street. candidate.
* The term populacy, in the case of SEAFORD, was explained by a Committee
of the House of Commons to mean inhabitant-housekeepers paying scot and lot;
but, in the case of Hon IT on, by the decision of the 3d of Feb. 1710, the word is
used both by the Committee and the contending parties, as not embracing the in-
habitant-householders at large.
• Pot-wallopers (from the guggling or walloping sound of a pot when it boils) is a
designation for those persons who attain to the prºfitable privilege of voting for a
moneyed candidate, by erecting a thing like a chimney in a field or in the street,
where they kindle a fire—on which they boil a pot!—the act of cooking over one's
own fire having been originally supposed to convey the full meaning that the person
so providing for the wants of nature must of necessity be a resident or inhabitant :
our ancestors of course never contemplating that the mere collecting together of two
or three dozen brick-bats, and the borrowing of a saucepan for a few hours, as is
done at Taunton, Tregony, the field called Newtown in the Isle of Wight, and
several other equally respectable Boroughs, should be the means of conveying into the
pocket of the vagabond or gipsy voter, a sum of 5, 10, or 201, every sixth or
seventh year; and that, too, for the purpose of damning his own soul to all eternity,
and selling the liberties and property of a whole nation 1–That a chimney means
house, and pot-boiling the possession of a distinct habitable and inhabited tenement,
no one but a Boroughmonger, or his abettor, would attempt to deny. When we
talk of an Englishman’s fireside (le foyer, as the French term it), do we not mean
his comfortable house—his domicile 2 Is not hearth-money in Ireland a house-tax,
as the poll-tax (a tax upon heads) in England was at one time an assessment on
the person 2 And was not the national watchword “Pro aris et focis” (for our
altars and our hearths), adopted by all classes on the apprehension of invasion
during the last war with France, merely figurative of the determination of
Britons to risk their lives in defence of their religion and their families 2–But,
after all, this pot-walloping is only one of the “ thousand and one” juggling
anomalies of modern Mis-Representation.

HORS
HUNT
( 339 )
“The mode pursued is that of giving to
each voter from five to fifty guineas,
according to the emergency of the
contest; and to their wives, meat,
clothes, &c.; and also by opening
inns, for which purpose a considerable
number are permitted to exist. The
number of votes influenced by these or
other private considerations, are nine-
teen out of every twenty.
“This is the celebrated Borough where
the cryer was sent round the town
with his bell, to give the voters notice
ºf assembling for the purpose of re-
ceiving 101. per man for their votes ?
To such a pitch have contests for the
honour of representing this independent
place been carried, that the late Sir
George Yonge, who lived in the neigh-
the title of the freehold of his estates
to him, and take a long lease of them
for 999 years. The present Duke has
provoked some dissatisfaction among
the townspeople, by denying certain
indulgences by which his predecessor
courted their favour; but a contest with
His Grace would be hopeless. Mr.
Colborne owes his seat to the Duke’s
favour, on account of his vote in favour
of Catholic Emancipation.”—Specta-
tor, Jun. 2, 1831.

It is not a little curious, that whilst the
Duke of Norfolk was disqualified from
taking his seat in Parliament as a
Catholic Peer, he was actually repre-
sented by seven of his own nominees
in the Commons' House, by means

of the two-penny burgage-holds of
bourhood, was absolutely ruined by Horsham and other Boroughs
the extortion of the inhabitants.”—
Oldfield.
HUNTINGDONSHIRE.
HORSHAMI. Borough of Susser. 49th #. III. 2 Kts.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
Visco UNT MAN DEvil LE. 2d Parl.
Nicholas-WILLIAM-RIDLEY Coll-
Born E, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 19, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se.. West Harling, Norfolk.
Rel. Bro. to Sir Matthew White Rid-
ley, Bart. M.P. for Newcastle-upon-
Tyne.
N. & S. George Montague.
Offi. A Commander in the R. Navy.
Rel. Eld. son of the Duke of Man-
chester.
LoRD STRATHAvH. N. 5th Parl.
N. & S. George Gordon.
To. Res. 8, Great Stanhope-street,
Park-lane.
Co. Se. Orton Hall, near Peterborough.
THE EARL of SURREY. 2d Parl. Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Aboyne:
N. & S. Henry-Charles Howard. son-in-law to Marquess Conyng-
To. Res. 21, St. James's-square. ham.
Co. Se. Worksop Manor. Notts. -
Rel. Son and . tº hºl. of Nor E. I. Possessed by the Dukes of Man-
folk, son-in-irº to the Marquess of chester and Rutland.
Stafford.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.
R. of E. In all such persons as possess
an estate of inheritance, or for life, in
burgage houses or lands lying within
the Borough.
N. of V. 25. Pop. 4860.
R. O. Two Bailiffs, nominated at the
Court-Leet of the Lord of the Manor,
who is—
E. I. The Duke of Norfolk. “His
Grace possesses the entire control over
this Borough. The late Duke was at
no small pains to acquire the ascend-
ancy: it is said that he had the tact to
induce the late Mr. Ducesme to part with
Huntingdonshire returns only four Mem-
bers to Parliament, viz., two for itself,
and two for the Borough from which it
takes its name.
Colonel Silas Titus, the author of the
celebrated work so obnoxious to OL1-
veh CRomwell, entitled “Killing
no Murder,” represented this county in
1681.-It is likewise, perhaps, but
little known that the celebrated poet
Dryden represented it in 1690, 1701,
1702, and 1705.
Henry Cromwell, the Protector's brother,
sat for Huntingdonshire in the Par-
liaments of 1660 and 1661.
HUNT ( 340 ) INVE
HUNTINGDON, Borough of Hunt-
ingdonshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
John CALVERT, Esq. 8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Late Secretary to the Lord Cham-
berlain of the King's Household.
To. Res. 2, Old Bond-street.
Co. Se. Aldbury Hall, Herts.
JAMES STUART, Esq. 3d Parl.
John Loch, Esq. 2d Parl.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 18, Upper Bedford-place.
Co. Se. Potter's Cottage, Wimbledon
Common.
Rel. to James Loch, Esq. M.P.
for Kirkwall, &c.
If, of E. In the mayor, jurats, common-
councilmen, and freemen, resident and
non-resident.
An East India Proprietor.
Late a Director of the Company.
N. of V. About 140. Pop. 2300.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. In the Corporation and Treasury.
R. of E. In the corporation and free-
7/2071.
N. of V. Between 245 & 250. Pop. 2840,
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Sand-
The elections at Hythe exhibit scenes of
drunkenness and profligacy scarcely
to be credited in so small a town; and
its history is distinguished by proofs
of bribery similar to all other rotten
wich and his ancestors, since the reign
of Charles II. This influence has
been supported by the profuse distri-
bution of promotions in the navy,
post-office, and other departments of
government, which the Earl and his
family have had it so much in their
power to dispense.
An attorney of this town, some years
since, solicited and obtained the lucra-
tive place of steward to the Greenwich
Hospital estates, under an understand-
ing that he was to divide the emolu-
ments of the office amongst seven
leading men in the Borough; but
getting into possession of the appoint-
ment, and his patron being soon after
turned out of office, he dismounted
his riders, and never paid a shilling to
any one of them
It also came out in a Chancery cause that
was occasioned by the abuse of some
charitable foundations in this place,
that an estate of 900l. per annum, the
revenues of which were left to public
institutions, had been appropriated to
influence the return of Members for
this Borough
HYTHE, a Borough and Cinque
Port, Kent, 42d Edw. III. 2 Barons,
STEwART MARJoRIBANKs, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Ship-owner and East India Pro-
prietor.—Brother to a Director and
Proprietor of seven East Indiamen.
To. Res. 4, Albany.
Co. Se. Little Bushey, Watford,
Herts.
Boroughs.
INVERKEITHING, DUMFERM-
LINE, QUEENSFERRY, CULROSS
and STIRLING, a District of Scot-
tish Boroughs, A. U.6th Anne, 1 Com.
JAMES Johnston, Esq.
A Land Owner,
Co, Se, Straiton, Perthshire.
R. of E. In 102 town-councilmen of
these Boroughs, who elect delegates to
vote for the Member.
N. of V. 5. Pop. 23,768.
E. I. Possessed by the Earls of Hope-
toun and Roseberry.
INVERNESS-SHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
THE RT. HoN. CHARLEs GRANT
(Re-elected) 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. President of the Board of Con-
trol.
A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
To. Res. 25, Parliament-street.
Co. Se, Glenelg, Inverness-shire.
Rel. Bro. to Robert Grant, Esq., M.P.
for Norwich.
N. of V. Real, 55; Nominal, 28:-
Total, 83. Pop. 82,460.
E. I. Mr. Grant, the Member.

IPSWICH, Borough of, Suffolk.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
CHARLEs MACKINNoN, Esq. 2d Parl,
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 10, York-place.
IVEL ( 341
) IVEL
Rol, ERT-ADAM DUNDAs, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 97, Eaton-square.
Rel, Son-in-law to the Earl of Elgin.
R. of E. In the bailiff, portmen, com-
monalty” within the Borough, and
freemen not receiving alms, resident
and non-resident, -
N. ºf W. From 950 to 1050.
Pop. 18,050.
R. O. Two Bailiffs.
IVELCHESTER, or Ilchester, Bo-
rough of, Somerset. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
MICHAEL BRUCE, Esq.
Offi. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 44, Upper Brook-street.
JAMEs-Jose PH HoPE-VERE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Craigie Hall, Linlithgow-
shire.
Rel, Son-in-law to the Marquess of
Cleveland.
R. ºf E. In the bailiff, 12 burgesses,
and the inhabitants not receiving alms,
who are styled pot-wallopers,
N. of V. From 70 to 80. Pop. 994.
R. O. A. Bailiff chosen by the Burgesses.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Cleveland; but hotly disputed by Lord
Huntingtower and his family.
This Borough has been so imprudent in
the exercise of its corruption, as to
have the whole system several times
exposed before committees of the House
of Commons; but like Shaftesbury,
Hindon, Stockbridge, Helston, and
many others, where bribery has been
specially reported to the House, it has
escaped disfranchisement.
In the year 1702, the price of votes at
this place was only two guineas; in
1768, it had risen to thirty: indeed,
the increase in the price of votes ap-
pears to have exceeded that of land and
manufactures for the last century; by
which it appears, that Borough cor-
ruption has been the most flourishing
trade going, during that period.
“At the general election in 1802, a great
majority of voters were bribed at 30l.
per man to vote against the proprietor,
Sir William Manners; which bribery
«
º
C.
caused the trial, conviction, and im-
prisonment, of Alexander Davison and
his agents, in 1804.—To prevent a
similar occurrence at a future election,
Sir William caused all the houses to
be pulled down except about sixty, in
order to limit the number of voters;
and erected a large work-house, to
accommodate those whose disobedience
had offended him 1–The number of
houses destroyed upon this occasion
was about 240, and the electors who
occupied them, with their families,
were turned into the workhouse, which
was let to the parish, in order to dis-
qualify their votes; for, none of them
claimed, or received any relief as
paupers. These wretched people con-
tinued to reside in this habitation of
misery from 1803, till the Christmas
of 1818, when in consequence of the
parish having chosen two independent
gentlemen to represent them, in op-
position to his own son, and his other
nominee, he caused above 160 of these
unoffending and unfortunate persons
to be turned into the highways in the
most inclement season of the year.
Some of the women were on the eve of
lying in, others were at the most ad-
vanced periods of life, and several were
infants in arms; in this deplorable
situation they had no refuge, but
under a few hurdles covered with
straw by the side of the turnpike road,
where their poverty and distress com-
pelled them to remain for the rest of
the winterſ
This act of cruelty and oppression
caused a petition from the rector and
parish officers, the bailiff and corpora-
tion, and all the principal inhabitants,
to the House of Commons; but this
was productive of no other consequence
than the universal indignation it ex-
cited against the author of such wanton
and unprovoked oppression.
Sir William Manners having now pur-
chased up all the houses except four or
five, and all the land in the Borough,
conceived himself bashaw of the place,
and became sounpopular by his general
conduct to the remaining inhabitants,
whose situations allowed them only a




* Commonalty, by the particular constitution of a Borough, may signify a re-
stricted number, as in Plymouth; but its more proper and general acceptation com-
prehends the whole body of the inhabitants.-Sometimes the word occasionalty is
used; but it is fatal in regard to the right of voting, to whomsoever it is applied.
KENT ( 342 ) KERR
precarious subsistence, that human en-
durance and submission became at
length impracticable.—This amiable
Baronet, conceiving, no doubt, that
“he had a right to do as he liked with
his own,” actually erected necessaries
opposite to the houses of those persons
who presumed to vote against his
nomination; hung up dead horses
opposite their doors; caused night-soil
to be poured on the ceilings of the
rooms in the workhouse, to drive out
the unfortunate inmates; and had re-
course to every offensive expedient he
could devise: as if his only aim had
been to distinguish the slavery of his
Boroughs by every insult that was de- |.
grading and disgusting to the feelings
of human nature.—He even threatened
to turn the market-place into a dog-
kennel, and the inhabitants into the
streets, if they dared to vote against
his nominee '
“Notwithstanding all these furious de-
nunciations, the electors felt and acted
like Englishmen—by destroying the
Baronet's influence in the Borough
for ever.”—Oldfield.
KENT, County of.
49th Hen. III. 2 Kts.
SIR EDwARD KNAT chi; ULL, Bart.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 30, Great George-street,
Westminster.
Co. Sº. Mersham Hatch, Kent.
THoMAS LAw Hopg|Es, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Hemsted, Kent.
N. of V. Between 11,000 and 12,000.
Pop. 428,200.
This county is indebted chiefly for the
independence which it possesses to that
noble relique of Saxon institution, the
GAv EL-LAw, by which all the sons in
equal shares arepartakers of the father's
fortune.
The special customs incident to gavel-
kind in Kent are,
That the husband, after his wife's death,
enjoys a moiety of her inheritance in
gavel-kind by courtesy, whether he has
children by her or not, until he marries
again.
The wife, after the death of her husband,
has for her dower a moiety of his lands
in gavel-kind, for so long a time as she
shall continue unmarried, and in chas-
titv.
The tenant of gavel-kind lands is kept in
ward one year longer than is permitted
by the common-law, that is, till he is
fifteen years of age, at which time he is
of sufficient age to alienate his estate
by feoffment.
Lands in gavel-kind, if the tenant com-
mits felony, and submits to the judg-
ment of the law, are not forfeited; nor
do they escheat to the king, or other
lord of whom they are holden; nor has
the king year, day, and waste of lands
in gavel-kind, holden of a common
person, when the tenant is executed
for felony.
The tenant had a power of devising lands
by will, before the statute for that
purpose was made, in the 32d year of
King Henry VIII.
Lands in gavel-kind descend to all the
sons alike in equal portions; and if
there are no sons, then equally among
the daughters; and as to the chattels,
it was formerly part of the custom of
this county to divide them (after the
funeral, and the debts of the deceased
were discharged) into three parts, if he
left any lawful issue behind him; of
which three, one portion was to the
dead, for the performance of legacies;
another to his children for education;
and a third to the wife, for her support
and maintenance.

Kent sends eighteen Members to the
House of Commons, viz. 2 knights of
the shire, 4 citizens of Canterbury and
Rochester, 4 burgesses of Maidstone
and Queenborough, and 8 barons for
the Cinque Ports of Dover, Sandwich,
Romney, and Hythe.

KERRYSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
THE RT. Hox. MAURICE FITzGE-
RALD (usually styled the Knight
of Kerry). 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Ma-
nufacture.
Late Vice-Treasurer of Ireland.
To. Res. 3, Devonshire-terrace.
Co. Se, Ballinruddery, Kerryshire.

KILD
) KILK
( 343
THE Hon. WILLIAM BR.own E.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Woodlawn, Kerryshire.
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Kenmare.
This gentleman is a CAT Holic.
E. I. Exercised by the Marquess of
Lansdowne, the Earl of Kenmare, and
Mr. Fitzgerald, one of the Members.
KILDARESHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
Ilord WILLIAM-CHARLEs O’BRIEN
FitzGERALD. 6th Parl.
Co. Se. Canton, Kildareshire.
Rel. Bro. to the Duke of Leinster.
Rich ARD MoRE O'FERRAL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Ballyna, Kildareshire.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.
E. I. “Kildareshire comprises 212,000
acres of surface: one-third belongs to
the Duke of Leinster. At the last
election, 243 electors were registered,
besides 43 clergymen entitled to vote
from their benefices in the Established
Church. Lord W. Fitzgerald, brother
to the Duke of Leinster, is returned
by His Grace's influence, assisted by
split votes from the opposing candidate.
As a Whig and an advocate for Re-
form, Lord W. Fitzgerald is said to be
pretty secure in this county. Richard
More O'Ferral, Esq., the second Mem-
ber, a Roman Catholic and reformer,
was selected by the popular feeling.
He was opposed by Mr. Roberts, who
was supported by the Tories and
clergy; every one of whom voted for
him.”—Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.
KILKENNYSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III.
Viscount IDUN CAN Nox. 6th Parl,
N. & S. John-William Ponsonby.
Offi. First Commissioner of Woods
and Forests and Land Revenues,
To. Res. 2, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Roehampton, Surrey.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Besbo-
rough: son-in-law to the Earl of
Westmoreland : bro. to the Hon.
William-Francis-Spencer Ponsonby,
M.P. for Poole.
THE EARL of Osso RY.
N. & S. John Butler. .
Rel. Eld, son of the Marquess of
Ormonde.
2 Kts.
E. I. The Marquess of Ormonde and
the Earl of Besborough.
KILKENNY, Borough of Kilkenny-
shire, Ird. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs.
Nicho LAs PHILPot LEADER, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
R. of E. In the freemen.
N. of V. 350.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of Or-
monde.
KINCARDINESHIRE, Scotland.
A. J. 6th Anne. Com.
THE Hon. Hugh ARBU THNoT, c. B.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Major-General in the Army.
To. Res. 19, Dorset-street, Baker-
Street.
Co. Se. Hatton, Kincardineshire.
Rel. Bro. to Wiscount Arbuthnot.
N. of V. Real, 68; Nominal, 6:-
Total, 74. Pop. 28,576.
E. I. Lord Arbuthnot and Mr. Barclay
of Ury.

KING'S COUNTY, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III.
THoMAs BERNARD, Esq.
: A Land Owner.
Offi. A Gov. of the County, and
Col. of the King's County Militia.
To. Res. 6, Sackville-street.
Co. Se. Castle Bernard, King's Co.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Baron Dunalley,
R.I.P.; and to the Hon. F.-H...-A.
Prittie, M.P. for Tipperaryshire.
3d Parl.
2 Kls.
5th Parl.

Lond Ox MAN Tow N.
N. & S. William Parsons.
To. Res. 10, Clarence-terrace, Re-
gent's Park.
Co. Sc. Birr Castle, King's County.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Rosse, I.P.
N. ºf P. 600, according to the register.
E. I. The Earls of Rosse and Charle-
ville, and the Beresfords are influential
in this County.
“King's County comprisesnearly 220,000
acres. Both Members are said to owe
their seats to forbearance and manage-
ment; and a strong popular excitement
would turn out both, who are much
weakened by the late change of Mi-
nistry.”—Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.

KING (
KING
344 )
KING'S-LYNN, Borough of Nor-
folk. 23d Edw. I. 2 B ss.
LoRD GEorge-FREDERIck-CAve N-
Dish BENTIN cK. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Major in the Army.
To. Res. 19, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se.. Welbeck, Notts; and Orange
Farm, Norfolk.
Rel. Second son of the Duke of Port-
land.
THE Hon. Joh N WALPo1, E, 3d Parl.
To. Res. 112, Mount-street.
Rel. Bro, to the Earl of Orford.
R. of E. In the freemen.
N. of W. About 300.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Duke of Portland and Lord
Orford.
Ever since the time of Sir Robert Wal-
pole, a junior branch of his family has
represented this Borough. He, him-
self, represented this Borough from
1702 to 1745.
Pop. 12,850.
KINGSTON-UPON-HULL, Bo-
rough and County of, Yorkshire.
33d Edw. I.
GEoRGE SchoNswAR, Esq.
Occ. A Merchant in Hull.
To. Res. 18, Adam-street, Adelphi.
WILLIAM BATTIEWRIGHTson, Esq.
A Land Owner.
R. of E. In the freemen and burgesses;
which may arise from birth, servitude,
purchase, or donation.
N. of V. Nearly 2700, of whom 1000
are non-resident. Pop. 29,570.
R. O. The Sheriff.
The expenses of an election for Hull are
very great; and on the last occasion,
no candidates offering themselves, suf-
ficiently rich, or willing to treat the
electors, the present Members were re-
turned without cost. This is as it
ought to be.
2 Bss.
Previously to the last election, it was
customary to pay the poorer orders of
voters two guineas each; and the num-
ber who took money was generally two-
thirds of the whole : indeed, so esta-
blished was this custom, that they re-
garded it as their birthright. Besides
the two guineas, the out-voters were
paid a guinea for expenses if resident
within 20 miles of Hull; and two
guineas if more than that number, and
under 50; if beyond 50 miles, as could
be agreed.
So soon as the candidates declared their
intention of offering themselves, and
the canvas was begun, the needy voters
offered themselves as assistants, or
runners, as they were called; and if
one candidate refused to accept their
generous services, they threatened to
go to his antagonist; so that three
hundred and upwards of these Swiss
troops have been known to be engaged
to do nothing, at five shillings per day
each, several days before the poll was
taken
At the general election in 1812, the free-
men of Hull wanted a contest, but no
candidate appearing to gratify their
wishes, a great number of the lower
orders stopped a gentleman passing
through the town on his way to
Beverley, who was a perfect stranger
to them in name and character, and
offered to support him if he would
become their champion upon this
occasion.—The offer was accepted,
and the following day he was chosen
their Member by acclamation?
That celebrated and excellent man,
Andrew Marvell, represented this Bo-
rough in the years 1660 and 1661.
He was the last person who took pay
from his constituents for attending to
their business in the Commons House
of Parliament. He lodged on a second
floor, in a house up a court near
Charing-cross; and when Charles II.
sent one of his lords in waiting to
him with a bag containing 1000
guineas as a present, he refused it,
saying, “My lord, I regret the trouble
you have taken, for I cannot reconcile
to my conscience the taking of this
money from the king, who is too poor
already, from the extravagance of those
about him: give my humble duty to
His Majesty, however; and tell him
that I have just dined at the tavern in
the Strand, for half-a-crown, upon a
fine boiled fowl and bacon, with a sea-
sonable garnish of vegetables, and a
draught of wine to boot: tell him that
my dinner never exceeds this price; for
how could I face my good constituents
of Hull, were I to squander the allow-
ance they make me in riotous living, or

KINS ( 345 ) LANA
º
in the modish and frivolous pursuits of
the court 2 Tell His Majesty; therefore;
that the man who can make so good a
meal with a quiet conscience, for half-
a-crown per diem, would be a rogue
indeed,—ay, and a fool into the bar-
gain,_to accept a bribe of a thousand
guineas from e'er a king in Christen-
dom.”
KINSALE, Borough of Corkshire,
Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo. III. l Bs.
Joh N Russ ELL, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Upton House, Warwickshire.
Rel, Nephew to the Duke of Bedford.
R. of E. In the corporation and burgesses.
N. of W. 64.
E. I. Possessed by Baron de Clifford.
KIRKCUDBRIGHT, Stewartry of,
Scotland. A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Come.
Rob ERT-Cut LAR FERGUsson, Esq.
2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Offi. An East India Director.
To. Res. 17, Great Cumberland-street.
Co. Se. Orroland, Kirkcudbright; and
Craigdarroch, Dumfries-shire.
N. of V. Real, 65; Nominal, 72:—
Total, 137. Pop. 35,420.
E. I. The Earl of Galloway.
KIRKWALL, WICK, DORNOCH,
DINGWALL, and TAIN, a District
of Scottish Boroughs.
A. U. 6th Anne. I Com.
JAMEs Locłr, Esq. 2d Parl,
An East India Proprietor.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 23, Hart-street, Bloomsbury.
Co. Res. Wimbledon Common.
Rel, to John Loch, Esq., M.P.
for Hythe.
R. of E. In 82 town-councilmen, of
these Boroughs, who elect delegates to
vote for the Member.
N. of V. 5 ! Pop. 14,100.
E. f. Possessed by the Marquess of
Stafford.
KNARESBOROUGH, Yorkshire.
1st Mary. 2 BSs,
THE RT. Hon. SIR JAMES MAC-
RINTosh, Kt. D.C.L. 4th Parl.
Offi. A Commissioner of the India
Board.
A Privy Councillor.
Late Recorder of Bombay.
To. Res. 5, Maddox-street.
Co. Res. Clapham Common, Surrey,
THE RT. HoN, BARON WATERPARK,
I. P
N. & S. Richard Cavendish, F.s..A.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Doveridge Hall, Derbyshire;
and Waterpark, Corkshire.
R. of E. In the possessors of burgage-
tenures.
N. of V. about 110. Pop. 9450.
le. O. Two Bailiffs, or the Steward to
the lord of the manor, who is—
E. I. The Duke of Devonshire.
When an election comes on for Knares-
borough, a number of men are sent
from a distant part of the country, and
a burgage-house is conveyed to each of
them for the day; they are then told who
they are to vote for, and some man is
chaired as provy for the absent Mem-
ber! There are no resident electors:
the men who are sent to vote are the
Duke's tenants: they come, if there be
occasion, from his estates in the East
Riding; but, generally, they are those
about Bolton Bridge, near Skipton,
twenty miles from Knaresborough, on
the other side of the wild mountainous
forest. The number of houses in
Knaresborough is about 750:—if the
burgage-tenures were taken away, it is
supposed there would be found up-
wards of 500 men who all pay assess-
ments; and these are chiefly manu-
facturers, farmers, and shopkeepers.
The circumstance of the Members
never appearing at the elections, but
having some old pauper chaired by
way of proxy, which is the constant
practice, is really insulting—It cannot
be said, however, that there is bribery
and corruption, as the elections are
managed without any visible expense
whatever.

LANARKSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Amene. 1 Com.
THE Hon. CHARLEs Douglas.
Rel. Bro. to Baron Douglas: nephew
to the Duke of Montrose.
Y Y
LANC
LAUN
( 346 )
N. of V. Real, 29; Nominal, 69:—
Total, 98. Pop. 194,428.
E. I. The Duke of Hamilton.
LANCASHIRE, a County Palatine.
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
LoRD STANLEY. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
N.&S. Edward-Smith Stanley, D.C.L.
President of the Linnean Society.
To. Res. 12, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Knowsley Park, Lancashire.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Derby:
father to the Hon. Edward-Geoffrey-
Smith Stanley, Chief Secretary to
the Lord Lieut. of Ireland, and
M.P. for Windsor.
John WILson PATTEN, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Pop. 1,054,500.
E. I. One moiety exercised by the Earl
of Derby, whose estates and con-
nexions, together with his personal
influence, enable him always to no-
minate one of the Members for this
county. The other is selected by the
old Tory families, and is generally a
supporter of the administration for the
time being.
Lancashire, like Middlesex, is but poorly
represented; it sends only fourteen
Members to Parliament for itself and
six Boroughs: several of its populous
towns—Manchester and Blackburn
for instance—are entirely unrepre-
sented; whilst the elective franchise is
possessed by such petty towns as Wi-
gan, Newton, and Clithero.
LANCASTER, Borough of Lan-
cashire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
THoMAs GREENE, Esq. 3d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 7, Langham-place.
Co. Se. Whittington Hall, near Kirkby,
Lonsdale, Lancashire.
PATRICK-MAxwell. STEwART, Esq.
(Elected in the room of J-F. Caw-
thorne, Esq. deceased.)
R. of E. In the freemen.
N. of V. About 1600. Pop. 20,420.
R. O. The Mayor and two Bailiffs.
By the charter, freemen only have a vote;
but the most glaring corruption lies in
making those freemen. A freeman's
son, or apprentice, is entitled to take
up his freedom whenever he pleases,
on paying into the hands of the mayor
or bailiff ll. 7s. 6d. This sum is
generally paid by the opposing can-
didates, and the greatest number of
freemen thus made often turns the
scale of the election.—Thus far as re-
gards the men:—now for the masters.
As ship-building and the cabinet busi-
ness are the only manufactories here,
he who has the most ships to build or
repair, or he who will lay out a few
hundreds in mahogany furniture, is
most likely to carry his election. The
journeymen are at the command of
their masters; they get intoxicated
during the canvass, and having five
shillings to eat and drink on the day
of election, they give a shout, and go
quietly to work again.—The Earl of
Lonsdale would be patron of this
Borough, but for its being too ex-
pensive and uncertain.



LAUNCESTON, Borough of, Duchy
of Cornwall. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
JAMES BRogDEN, Esq. 9th Park.
An East India Proprietor.
Res. Clapham, Surrey.
VACANT: (SIR JAMEs-WILLough By
GoRDoN, Bart., a Privy Councillor,
Master General of the Ordnance, and
cous, to the Duke of Northumberland,
having accepted the Stewardship of the
Chiltern Hundreds.)

R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
freemen, not receiving pay from the
parish.
N. of V. 15.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of North-
umberland.
Pop. 2212.
This Borough is separated from that of
Newport, in the same county, merely
by a small bridge Each, however,
has the right of sending two Members
to Parliament, although the right of
voting is different: it being at Laun-
ceston in the corporation and seven
freemen; whilst at Newport, it belongs
to sixty burgage-holds, of which the
above Duke is almost the sole pro-
prietor, as well as of the Borough of
Launceston.


LEIC
LEIT
( 347 )
LEICESTERSHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
LoRD Rob ERT MANNERs, c.B.
6th Parl.
Offi. A General in the Army, and
Lieut. Col. of the 3d Reg. of Dra-
goons.
To. Res. 28, Sackville-street.
Co. Se. Belvoir, Leicestershire.
Rel. Youngest brother to the Duke of
Rutland.
GEORGE - ANTHoNY - LEGH KEck,
Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 20, Park-crescent.
Co. Se. Stoughton Grange, Leicester-
shire; and Bank Hall, Tarleton,
Lancashire.
Rel. Cousin to the Earl of Wemyss.
N. of W. About 6000. Pop. 175,500.
E. J. The Duke of Rutland nominates
one Member, and the Tory aristocracy
the other. At the last election, the
duke's nominee was opposed by a Mr.
Paget, a gentleman of liberal and in-
dependent principles: he was in a
minority of 800. The duke main-
tains his patronage at an enormous cost.
Leicestershire sends altogether only four
Members to Parliament, viz. 2 knights
and 2 burgesses.
LEICESTER, Borough of, Leicester-
shire. 23d Filw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR CHARLEs-ABNEY HAST INgs,
Bart. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 23, Saville-street.
Co. Se. Willesley Hall, Derbyshire.
WILLIAM Evans, Esq.
Occ. A Manufacturer.
To, Res. 42, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Allestree, Derbyshire.
R. of E. In the burgesses and inhabitants
paying scot and lot *.
N. of W. About 5000.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. One moiety belongs to the cor-
poration, who have inlisted among
them, as honorary freemen, a great
number of the Tory gentry and clergy
of the county.—In 1790, an attempt
Pop. 31,470.
to intrude upon the people of Leicester
two representatives, in open violation
of the freedom of election, had nearly
proved fatal to the town. The popu-
lace began to commit depredations,
and had it not been for the interference
of the military, their proceedings would
have terminated in the most serious
calamity.
LEITRIMSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
John-MARcus CLEMENTs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 2, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Glanboy, Leitrimshire.
Rel. Cous. to the Earl of Leitrim.

SAMUEL WHITE, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Footland, Leitrimshire; and
Fitzwilliam-square, Dublin.
Rel. Brother to Henry White, Esq.,
M.P. for the County of Dublin.
E. I. The Earl of Leitrim and Henry-
John Clements, Esq., are governors
of this county.—Mr. Latouche, also,
has considerable influence.
LEOMINSTER, Borough of, Here-
fordshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
THERT. Hon. BARoN HoTHAM, I.P.
3d Parl.
N. & S. Beaumont Hotham.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 7, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. South Dalton House, York-
shire.
WILLIAM MARSHALL, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Manufacturer.
To. Res. 34, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Patterdale Hall, Westmoreland.
R. of E. In the bailiffs, capital burgesses,
and inhabitants, paying scot and lot.
N. of V. About 900. Pop. 3660.
E. I. Formerly contended for by the
Duke of Norfolk and the Earl of
Essex; but abandoned by them on
account of the corruption and ex-
pense:—now, in the hands of an
attorney.
* Agreed to be in the freemen not having received alms, and in the inhabitants
paying scot and lot.
But persons living in the borough by certificate, not having
ained a settlement, by renting 101. per annum, or serving in an annual office, are
not entitled (by paying scot and lot) to vote.-8th Feb. 1705.
LEWE
LIME
( 348 )
-
LEWES, Borough of Susser.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
THoMAs-READ KEMP, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Cocoa-tree Clubhouse, 64,
St. James's-street.
Co. Se. Dale Park, Sussex.
SIR. John SHELLEY, Bart. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 35, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Maresfield Park, Uckfield,
Sussex.
Rel. Fatherto John-V. Shelley, Esq.,
M.P. for Gatton.
R. of E. In the inhabitant householders
paying scot and lot.
N. of V. About 600. Pop. 7430.
R. O. Two Constables, appointed at the
court-leet of the three lords of the
manor, alternately, viz. the Dukes of
Norfolk and Dorset, and the Earl of
Albemarle.
Lord Pelham and his son, the present
Earl of Chichester, continued to no-
minate one Member till the general
election in 1806, when the Borough
became altogether independent.
LICHFIELD, City of Staffordshire.
33d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
SIR GEoRGE ANSON, K.C.B. & K.T.s.
8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lieut. General, and Col. of
the 4th Dragoon Guards.
To. Res. 5. Bulstrode-street.
Co. Se. Rushal Hall, Staffordshire.
Rel. Uncle to Wiscount Anson.
GEoRGE - GRANVILLE - VENABLEs
VERNoN, Esq. 7th Parl.
Offi. Judge of the Exchequer, and
Prerogative Courts of the See of
York, and of the Consistory and
Chancery Courts.
Rel. Eld. son of the Lord Archbishop
of York: son-in-law to the Earl of
Lucan: nephew to the Marquess of
Stafford: cousin to Baron Vernon.
R. of E. In the bailiff, magistrates,
freeholders of forty shillings a year,
holders of burgage-tenures, and such
freemen as are inrolled and pay scot
and lot.
N. of V. About 700. Pop. 6260.
E. I. Possessed by Lord Anson and the
corporation.—“To prevent the incon-
veniences and expense of a contest, it
is arranged between his lordship and
the corporation, that each party shall
return a member. In consequence,
Mr. Vernon will not, after the present
Parliament, represent this borough :
Sir E. Scott is to be the future mem-
ber.”—Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.
LIMERICKSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2. Kis.
THE Hon. RICHARD-Hop ART FITz-
GIB BON. 4th Parl.
Offi. Governor of Limerickshire.
Usher, and Registrar of Affidavits
in the Irish Court of Chancery.
To. Res. 44, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Mount Shannon, Limerick-
shire.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Clare.
THE HON. STANDIs H. O'GRADY.
2d Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To, Res. 11, Queen-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Cahir-Guillamore, in this
County.
Rel. Eld. son of Viscount Guillamore,
Lord Chief Baron of the Irish Ex-
chequer. -
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Clare;
by Viscount Guillamore; and by Ba-
rons Massey, Adair, and Muskerry.
LIMERICK, city of Limerickshire,
Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Cit.
THoMAs-SPRING RICE, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Joint Under-Secretary of the
Treasury.
To. Res. 48, Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Mount Trenchard, Limerick-
shire.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Earl of Limerick.
R. of E. In the inhabitants.
N. of V. 8200.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Limerick,
Barons Massey and Muskerry, and
Mr. Prendergast Smith.
LINCOLNSHIRE,
18th Edw, III. 2 Kts.
CHARLEs CHAPLIN, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 52, Welbeck-street.
Co. Sc. Blankney, Lincolnshire.
Rel. Fa. to T. Chaplin, Esq., M.P.
for Stamford.


LINC
LISB
( 349 )
SIR WILLIAM-AM cotts INGILBy,
Bart. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Kettlethorpe, Lincolnshire.
Pop. 286,300.
Including the city of Lincoln and four
Boroughs, this county sends twelve
Members to Parliament.
LINCOLN. City and County of, Lin-
colnshire. 49th Herº. III. 2 Cits,
CHARLEs - DELAET - WALDo SIR-
THoRP, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 20, Regent-street.
Co. Se, Canwick, Lincolnshire.
John FARDELL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 119, Pall-Mall.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
freemen.
N. of V. About 1500. Pop. 11,140.
R. O. The Mayor and two Sheriffs.
“The expense of a contest here is esti-
mated at 12,000l. to each party. This
arises from the number of non-re-
sident freemen, who are to be collected
from all parts of the kingdom, by the
candidates and their agents; from the
sums given to the voters, which vary
according to circumstances; and the
enormous demands for ribbons and
treating. The dread of incurring these
expenses left the electors with only
one candidate at the general election
in 1812.
“The anxiety of candidates to obtain
writs for election is sometimes so
great, that large sums of money have
been given for them, and the best
bidder has been generally the pos-
sessor. A gentleman in office, of great
character and integrity, and on whose
credit we have the firmest reliance,
informed us, that he was present when
one thousand guineas were given at
the dissolution of the Parliament in
1790, for the writ for this city.”—
Oldfield.
This city once sent four Members to
Parliament.
LINLITHGOWSHIRE (or West
Lothian), Scotland.
A, U, 6th Anne. 1 Com.
THE RT. Hon. SIR ALExANDER
HoPE, Bart., G. c.B. 9th Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. Gen., and Col. of the
47th Reg.
Lieut. Gov. of Chelsea Hospital.
Co. Se. Farnham, Surrey.
Rel. Uncle to the Earl of Hopetoun.

N. of V. Real, 53; Nominal, 18:—
Total, 71. Pop. 20,560.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Hope-
toun.
LISBURNE, Borough of, Antrim-
shire, Ird. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs.
HENRY MEYNELL, Esq. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 35, Grosvenor-street.
Rel, Cous, to the Marquess of Hert-
ford.
R. of E. In the corporation and bur-
gesses.
N. of V. 56.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Hertford.
LISKEARD, Borough of, Duchy of
Cornwall. 23d Edw. I. 2 B3s.
LoRD ELIOT. - 3d Parl.
N. & S. Edward-Granville Eliot.
Offi. A Lord of the Treasury.
To. Ites. 47, Dover-street.
Co. Se. Port Eliot, St. Germans,
Cornwall.
Rel. Eld, son of the Earl of St.
Germans. -
SIR WILLIAM-HENRY PRINGLE,
K. C. B. 5th Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. General, and Col. of the
64th Regt. of Foot.
To. Res. 17, Stratford-place.
Rel. Nephew-in-law to the Earl of St.
Germans.
H. of E. In the corporation and sworn
free burgesses.
N. of V. About 105.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of St.
Germans.
Pop. 3500.
The celebrated EARL of CHESTER-
FIELD, then Philip Stanhope, repre-
sented this Borough in 1754.
LIVE
LOND
( 350 )
shire.
LIVERPOOL, Borough of, Lanca-
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
Is AAC GAscox NE, Esq. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A General in the Army, and
Col. of the 54th Regt. of Foot.
To. Res. 71, South Audley-street.
Co. Se. Raby Hall, Lancashire.
VACANT :—(A Committee of the
pense of some 600l. or 700l. a year,
whither Mr. Huskisson repaired every
day to answer communications from
his constituents.-It is said that Mr.
Canning complained bitterly of the
obligation he was under to provide for
the children, relatives, and friends of
his supporters at Liverpool—members
of the club for the management of
elections; every subscriber to which is
House having declared that WILLIAM
EwART, Esq., Barrister-at-Law, was not
duly elected; and that the last election
is void, as regards him. Special Resolu-
tion:—“That it is the opinion of this
committee, that gross bribery, treating,
and corruption, prevailed at the last elec-
tion for Liverpool.”)
allowed his share of the patronage
according to the sum subscribed.”
—Spectator, Jan. 2d, 1831.
Mr. Canning found the “honour” of
representing this corrupt Borough
scarcely supportable. On one occasion,
an application being made to him for
a Commissionership of Bankrupts,
when he was not quite desirous of
asking the favour of Lord Eldon, then
Chancellor, he tried to avoid it, but
could not. He observed—“It is d-d
hard however, I must ask for it, and
I shall have it; but I would willingly
not be Member for Liverpool, to be so
punished.”—He asked the favour, and
of course obtained it.

R. of E. In the mayor, freemen, and
bailiffs, not receiving alms.
N. of V. Upwards of 3000.
Pop. 122,160.
R. O. The Mayor and two Bailiffs.
E. I. In the corporation.
“The corruption of Liverpool is too
notorious, from the recent election, to
need illustration here. A great number
of the freemen are journeymen, work-
men, shipwrights, and others: thou-
sands of these persons are admitted to
the freedom, whilst the most respect-
able and independentinhabitants, gene-
rally, are excluded. During Mr. Hus-
kisson’s representation, the people of
Liverpool conducted their parlia-
mentary business in a peculiar but
very useful manner.—They had an
office in London, kept up at an ex-
It was resolved by the honourable the
House of Commons, that no new writ
should be issued for the election of
a Burgess for Liverpool until after the
18th of April, 1831.
LONDON, City of Middlesex tº
CAPITAL CITY of England, and the
METRoPolis of the British Empire".
49th Hen. III. 4 Cits.
* The civil government of this city is the first and best in this country, both
with regard to the respectability of its officers, and their integrity in the administra-
tion of justice. The Magistrates, chosen by the freemen of each respective ward,
are popular in their organization, unshackled by court influence, independent in
their offices, and accountable to their fellow-citizens for the impartial discharge of
their duties; their future elevation to the offices of Sheriff, Lord Mayor, and Member
of Parliament, depending on the exemplary discharge of their municipal power. -
The city is governed by a Lord Mayor, a Recorder, twenty-six Aldermen, two
Sheriffs, and 236 Common-councilmen. The Lord Mayor is chosen out of the
twenty-six Aldermen, by the livery, on Michaelmas-day: they return the names of
two to the Court of Aldermen, of whom the Court makes choice of one to serve in that
important office. The Sheriffs likewise are chosen by the livery, in Common-hall,
and may either be selected from the Court of Aldermen, or from among the freemen
at large. The Aldermen and Common-council are chosen by the inhabitant house-
holders, being freemen of the respective wards. The Aldermen hold their offices for
life, but the Common-council, or City Parliament, is elected annually, on St.
Thomas's day. The Recorder is chosen by the Court of Aldermen, and holds his
office for life.




LOND
) LOND
( 351

WILLIAM THoMPson, Esq. 3d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant and Director of the
Bank of England.
Offi. An Alderman of the City of
London.
President of Christ's Hospital.
President of the City of London
General Annuity Society.
To. Res. 12, Whitehall-place.
Rob ERT WAITH MAN, Esq. 3d Parl.
Offi. An Alderman of the City of
London.
To. Res. 7, Woburn-place.
Co. Se. Winchmore Hill, Middlesex.
WILLIAM WARD, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Merchant of this city, and |
an East India Proprietor.
Offi. Chairman of the late Select Com-
mittee on the Affairs of the East
India Company.
A Director of the Bank of England.
«
likewise of the city of London, either
by birth, as the son of a freeman, born
after his father became free; by servi-
tude, as having served seven years’
apprenticeship to a freeman; by gift
of the corporation, or by purchase; and
afterwards by being admitted to the
livery of one of the companies. This
last qualification was not always ne-
cessary, the right of election anciently
having been in the freemen at large,
which was the subject of many con-
tests, until the 2d George I. gave a
peremptory right to the livery only.
The present number is above twelve
thousand; but if the right were in the
freemen at large, the electors would be
nearly five times that number ; or if
it were in the inhabitant housekeepers,
agreeably to our ancient free constitu-
tion, the number would be thirty-two
thousand.
This city has distinguished itself in the
«
A Metropolitan Commissioner of page of history by an uniform defence
Lunacy. of the rights and liberties of the people;
To. Res. 40, Bloomsbury-square. and has had the honour of sending to
Co. Se. Northwood, Isle of Wight. parliament some of the most distin-
MAT THEw Wood, Esq. 5th Parl. guished patriots who have adorned
Occ. A Merchant of the City of
London.
Offi. An Alderman.
To. Res. 24, Great George-street,
Westminster.
Co. Se. Little
Strawberry Hill,
Middlesex.
this country; among whom may be
named Sir John Barnard, Sir Stephen
Theodore Janssen, William Beckford,
John Sawbridge, and that benevolent
philanthropist, Frederick Bull; but
since the establishment of the Excise
and the Bank of England, and the
consequent introduction of the military

R. of E. In the liverymen.
N. of V. Upwards of 12,000.
Pop. Within and without the walls,
133,400.
It. O. The Sheriffs.
This city, which is the first in magnitude,
within its walls, contrary to its chartered
rights, whose duty, if necessary, should
be performed by the city militia; and
since the growing importance of the
Customs and the East India Company,
and the increase of government offices,

population, commerce, and opulence,
in Europe, has no more weight in the
legislative representation of this country,
than the united Boroughs of Wey-
mouth and Melcombe Regis, which
of tax receivers and collectors, within
the city, the ministerial nomination of
some of its members has been submitted
to as implicitly as it has been in most
of the boroughs.”—Oldfield.
are the property of an individual 1–
Its Members are not the representatives
of the inhabitant housekeepers, re-
sident and paying taxes within the city,
but of a corporate franchise; derived
under ancient charters, limited and
confirmed by an Act of Parliament,
2 Geo. I., chap. 18, sect. 1, to the
liverymen of the said city. In order
to be possessed of this elective right, a
man must have obtained his freedom
in one of the trading companies, and
LONDONDERRYSHIRE, Ireland.
4. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
SIR. RoBERT BATEson, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Maghaerfaelt, Downshire.
THEoBALD Jon Es, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
Co. Se. Bovagh, Londonderryshire.
LOND
LOOE
( 352 )

E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Waterford and the other members of
the Beresford family; also by the
Marquess of Londonderry.
LONDONDERRY, City of, L.
shire, Ird. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Cit.
SIR. Rob ERT - ALExANDER FER-
guson, Bart. (Re-elected.)
Co. Se. The Farm, in the liberties of
the City of Londonderry.
R. of E. In the freemen.
N. of V. About 650.
R. I. The Beresfords.
LONGFORDSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
WIScotſ NT For BEs. 5th Parl.
N. & S. George-John Forbes.
Offi. A Major General in the Army.
Cust. Rot. and sole Governor of
Longfordshire.
Late Comptroller of the Household
to the Lord Lieut. of Ireland.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
To. Res. St. James's Royal Hotel.
Co. Sc. Castle Forbes, Longfordshire.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Granard:
cousin to the Marquess of Hastings.
ANTHoNY LEFRoy, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Rel. To Thomas Lefroy, Esq.
M.P. for Dublin University.
E. I. Exercised by the Earls of Granard,
Rosse, and Longford.
LOOE, EAST, Borough of, Duchy
of Cornwall. 29th Eliz. 2 BSs,
HENRY-THoMAs HoPE, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Groom of the King's Bed-
chamber.
To. Res. 1, Mansfield-street.
Parl. Pat. One Member
Borough.
for this
THom(As-ARTHUR KEMM1s, Esq.
Offi. A Lieut. in the Grenadier Guards.
R. of E. In the mayor, burgesses, and
freemen, resident or not.
N. of V. About 50.
Pop. 770.
R. O. The Mayor. -
E. I. Possessed by Mr. Hope, and by
the family of Buller, of Morval, near
this Borough; who have had the re-
presentation in their hands for upwards
of a century. One of them represents
West-Looe, another Cornish Borough,
separated from the present one only
by a wooden bridge. He is also pro-
prietor of Saltash.
LOOE, WEST, Borough of Duchy
of Cornwall. 6th Edw. VI. 2 Bss.
SIR CHARLEs HULSE, Bart. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Verdurer of the New Forest.
To. Res. 4, New Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Breamore House, Salisbury,
Wilts.
CHARLEs BULLER, Jun. Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To, Res. 8, Manchester-buildings.
Co. Se. Polvellam, Cornwall.
Rel. to J. W. Buller, Esq. M.P.
for Exeter.
Parl. Pat. This gentleman's family
returns two Members for this
Borough, one for East Looe, and
one for Saltash : all in Cornwall.

R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, bur-
gesses, and freemen.
N. of V. From 55 to 60. Pop. 540.
R. O. The Mayor, who is chosen by the
corporation, not one of whom is re-
sident, having no connexion with the
Borough, but to choose the Members.
E. I. Exercised by the family of Bul-
ler, one of whom is the Representa-
tive.
The little Boroughs, or rather miserable
hamlets, of East Looe and West Looe
are separated by a small creek of the
sea, over which there is a wooden
bridge. This place is called also
Portpigham, by which name it is di-
stinguished in holding courts. Neither
of these places can boast of much an-
tiquity, having no parish church be-
longing to either of them. In the
wretched hamlet, called West Looe,
there is not so much as a chapel,
though the miserable hovel, which is
now, by way of derision, called the
Guildhall, was said to have been
formerly a place of worship.


LOST ( 353 ) LUDG
LOSTWITHIEL, Borough of, LUDGERSHALL, Borough of
Duchy of Cornwall. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss. Wilts, 23d Edw. I. 2 Bs,
Viscount VALLEton T. 4th Parl | STR SANDFord GRAHAM, Bart.
(Elected in the room of the Rt Hon. A Land Owner.
W.-F.-V. Fitzgerald, who accepted To. Res. 1, Portland-place.
the Stewardship of the Chiltern Co. Se. Kirkstall, Yorkshire.
Hundreds.) Parl. Pat. One Member for this
N. & S. Ernest-Augustus Edgecumbe. Borough.
To. Res. 7, John-street, Berkeley- EDw.-THoMA's Foley, Esq. 2d Parl.
square. A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Mount Edgecumbe, near Ply-
mouth, Devon.
Bel. Eld. son of the Earl of Mount-
Edgecumbe.
To. Res. 23, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se, Stoke Edith Park, Ledbury,
Herefordshire.
Rel. to John-H...-H. Foley, Esq.
M.P. for Droitwich : cows. to Baron
Foley; and to the Hon. T. H. Foley,
M.P. for Worcestershire.
R. of E. In the freeholders and lease-
holders of the Borough, determinable
on life or lives.
N. of V. About 70. Pop. 484.
R. O. A Bailiff, appointed at the Court-
Leet of the Lord of the Manor.
E. I. Possessed by Mr. Everett and Sir
Sandford Graham, Bart. Most of the
houses in this Borough have fallen
into ruin; but a doorway gives the
right of voting.
This place is an insignificant village, and
THE Hon. Edward CUST. 4th Parl.
A West India Proprietor.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 1, New-street, Spring-gardens.
Co. Se. Leasowe Castle, Cheshire.
Rel. Brother to Earl Brownlow; and
to the Hon. Peregrine-Francis Cust,
M.P. for Clithero,
R. of E. In the mayor, 6 capital bur-
gesses, and 17 assistants annually
chosen, and who had a right to vote
at the preceding election of a mayor.
N. of V. 24. Pop. 940.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Mount-
Edgecumbe.
The mode of election in this Borough is
A. U. 41st Geo. III.
such as to dupe the electors out of
privileges with which their representa-
tive charter affects to invest them ; for
the seventeen common-councilmen who
have a right of voting, being annually
chosen by the seven aldermen, are
sure to be such as will conform to the
dictates of those by whom they are
appointed: such limitation of the right
of election in this manner, seems as if
it were done to excite the contempt of
the electors themselves against their
own franchises.
LOUTHSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kts.
ALExANDER DAwson, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 22, Downing-street.
Co. Se. Rivers-town, near Ardee,
Louthshire.
John M*CLINTock, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Dronmuir, Louthshire.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Roden and
Baron Oriel. (Viscount Ferrard, I.P.)
so poor that a traveller can hardly be
accommodated with a bed. The right
of election, however, is so complicated
that it has puzzled a committee of the
House of Commons, and even the law-
yers who reported it, to understand.
Residence in the Borough not being a
necessary qualification, the nominal
voters are selected from Andover, Whit-
church, and any other place the pro-
prietors please.

LUDLOW. Borough of, Shropshire.
12th Edzo. IV. 2 Bss.
Viscou NT CLIVE. 7th Parl.
N. & S. Edward Herbert.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Montgomeryshire.
To, Res. 37. Brook-street.
Co., Se. Powis Castle, Montgomery-
shire.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Powis:
son-in-law to the Duke of Montrose:
bro. to the other Member for Lud-
low: cous. to H. Clive, Esq. M.P.
for Montgomery; and to E. B.,
Clive, Esq. M.P. for Hereford.
Z Z
LYME
( 354 ) LYMI

THE Hon. Rob ERT-HENRY CLive. Borough. Lord Westmoreland has
4th Parl. not an inch of land, nor any visible

An East India Proprietor.
Rel. As above; and bro.-in-law to the
Earl of Plymouth.
R. of E. In the resident common bur-
gesses, as well as the twelve and
twenty-five. 26 Feb. 1661.-It was
resolved, that the sons of burgesses of
Ludlow, and those that marry the
daughters of burgesses, have a right
to be made burgesses; and that every
person having a right to be made a
burgess ought to demand the same by
petition, signed by the petitioner,
according to the by-law in 1663, and
not otherwise. 1 March, 1698.
W. of V. About 500. Pop. 5063.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. l. Exercised by the Earl of Powis,
who is also patron of Bishop's Castle
and Montgomery, and of one Member
for Shropshire.
LYME REGIS, Borough of Dorset-
shire. 23d Edw. 1. 2 B&s.
THE Hon. HENRY-SUTT on FANE.
2d Parl.
Offi. A Major in the 34th Regt. of
Foot.
To. Res. 31, Grosvenor-square.
Rel. Second son of the Earl of West-
moreland: 2d cousin to the other
Member for Lyme Regis: bro. to
Lord Burghersh, Am. Ext, and Min.
Plenipo. to the Court of Naples.
John-THoMAS FANE, Esq. 5th Parl,
Offi. Clerk of the Privy Seal.
A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
Rel. As above, and cous. to Sir Henry
Fane, M.P. for Hastings.
R. of E. In the mayor, capital bur-
gesses, and freemen only.
N. of V. From 30 to 35.
H. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of West-
moreland; the junior branches of whose
family have represented this Borough
for more than a century.
“The elective franchise is monopolized
by the corporation and freemen, of
whom not more than eight or ten reside
in the town, and these are all devoted
to the Earl of Westmoreland. It
Pop. 2320.
happens that there has never been a
resolution of the House of Commons
upon the right of voting in this
27th Eliz.
influence, in the Borough; but there
is a custom-house, all the offices of
which have hitherto been filled by his
dependants.”—Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.

LYMINGTON, Borough of, Hants.
2 Bss.
GEoRGE BURRARD, Esq. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Lieutenant in the 8th Regi-
ment of Foot.
To. Res. 19,
James's.

WILLIAM TATTon EGERton, Esq.
A Land Owner. -
Co. Se. Tatton
Cheshire.
R. of E. In the mayor and burgesses
only.
N. of V. From 65 to 70.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by Sir Harry Burrard
Neale, who is Lord of the Manor, and
father to one of the Members. His
ancestors have nominated for this Bo-
rough for more than a century.
Charles-street, St.
Park, Knutsford,
Pop. 3226.
MAIDSTONE, Borough of Kent.
1st Edw. VI. - 2 Bss.
ABRAHAM WILDEY RobARTs, Esq.
3d Parl.
Occ. A Banker, and East India Pro-
prietor.
To. Res. 26, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Roehampton, Surrey.

HENRY WIN.cHESTER, Esq.
Occ. A Wholesale Stationer.
Offi. An Alderman of London.
To, Res. 12, Buckingham-street,
Adelphi.
Co. Se, Oakfield Lodge, Hawkhurst,
Kent.

R. of E. In the freemen not receiving
alms.
N. of V. Between 850 and 900.
Pop. 13,250.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. In the corporation.

This Borough is divided into a ministerial
and opposition party; and the former
generally prevails in returning the
Members. The price of the seatsis from
4000l. to 5000l. each at every election,
which sums are deposited with certain
MALD
MALD
( 355 )
Members of the corporation. The
voters receive a stated sum for their
journey, if they reside at a distance,
and a further sum for their votes.
A well-known character, who represented
this Borough in five Parliaments, was
so hard run by his opponent at one
election, that a few votes would turn
the scale in favour of either candidate.
About 20 freemen had secreted them-
selves in a hay-loft to wait the event of
the poll, and obtain a higher price for
their suffrages. The candidate having
discovered their retreat, attempted an
interview with these honest electors,
but they had secured the citadel by
drawing up the ladder, and barricading
the entrance. In vain he implored them
“ to come down and save their coun-
try;” they would listen to nothing till
their demands were complied with:
which being done, they suffered them-
selves to be led to the hustings, as a
corps de reserve to decide the fate of
the day.
A Correspondent of the Spectator thus
characterises the electors at Maid-
stone:–“ The fashion of guzzling
and debauchery is not a concomitant
of elections here; but the business of
the nation, as far as it is intrusted to
the electors, is done after a less bar-
barous fashion. Their charge on their
representatives is in hard specie, or its
civilized representative, bank-notes.”
MALDON*, Borough of Esser.
2 Edw. III. 2 Bss.
THoMAs BARRETT LENNARD, Esq.
3d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 38, Upper Brook-street.
Rel. Eldest son of Sir Thomas Len-
nard, Bart.
QUINT IN DIck, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 20, Curzon-street, Mayfair.
R. of E. In such freemen only who do
not receive alms, and who are entitled
to freedom by birth, marriage, or ser-
vitude.
N. of V. About 1000.
R. O. The Mayor.
E.I. Possessed by Joseph-Holden Strutt,
Esq.


Pop. 3380.
Judgment of ouster being obtained
against a majority of the corporation,
in the 4th year of Geo. III., for
various illegal practices, their charter
became forfeited. Accordingly, the
town remained 46 years without a
charter; during which time the high
Sheriff of Essex acted as the returning
officer, and the Members were chosen
by such freemen only as had been
sworn in, under the defunct charter;
whose number was reduced, in 1807,
to fifty-eight: and these so old and
infirm, that the Borough itself was
in danger of speedily becoming ex-
tinct.
The inhabitants became seriously alarmed
at the approaching dissolution of their
political existence, for there were at
that time upwards of 800 freemen
who had attained that right since the
forfeiture of the charter in 1764, by
birth, marriage, or apprenticeship; but
who could not be sworn in for want of
a competent power to inrol them and
administer the oath. These men con-
tinued ipso facto disfranchised till 1810,
when the new charter was obtained at
an expense of about 2500l. The first
act of the corporation was to admit and
swear in all those freemen who were
entitled to their franchise, and who had
for so many years been deprived of
their rights.



In the pension list of Charles the Second,
Sir Richard Wiseman, one of the Mem-
bers for Maldon, had a pension of one
thousand pounds per annum; and was
keeper of one of the treasurer's parlia-
mentary tables.

* There is a custom in this place, that when a man dies intestate, his lands and
tenements descend to his youngest son; or, if he dies without issue, to his youngest

brother.
This custom is termed Borough English, and is said to have arisen from

the lewdness and tyranny of the ancient feudal lords, who, when any of those who
held under them married, claimed the first night with the bride: as some doubt,
therefore, naturally arose, whether the first-born child was legitimate, this custom
was established to exclude such child from the inheritance, and the youngest son
was preferred, as being the most distant from suspicion.
MALL
MALM
( 356 )
MALLOW. Borough of Corkshire,
Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo. III. l B3.
CHARLEs - DENHAM – ORLANDo
JEPHson, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Mallow Castle, Corkshire,
Parl. Pat. 1 Member for this Bo-
rough.
R. of E. In the freeholders.
N. of V. 560.
E. I. Possessed by Mr. Jephson him-
self.
MALMESBURY, Borough of,
Wilts, 23d Edw. I. 2 B ss,
SIR CHARLEs For BEs, Bart. 5th Parl.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 3 and 9, Fitzroy-square.
Co. Se. Newe and Edenglassie, Aber-
deenshire.
Rel. Father to the other Member for
this Borough.
John For BEs, Esq. 2d Parl,
Offi. An East India Director.
To. Res. 15, Harley-street.
R. of E. In an alderman and 12 capital
burgesses.
N. of P. 13.
R. O. The Alderman.
E. I. Possessed entirely by Mr. Pitt,
a Banker in Cirencester, who returns
himself for Cricklade, and another
Member for Wootton Basset.
This ancient Saxon Borough was once
a walled City, and a Bishoprick: the
majestic ruins of the abbey still bear
testimony of its former greatness. It
sent Members to Parliament ever since
the 23d of Edw. I., but was not in-
corporated until the 11th of Charles I. :
—a proof that the right of election
could not be in corporations, which
did not exist until several hundred
years after that right had prevailed.
But the fact is, that anciently, all the
inhabitants of towns joined in choosing
their representatives;–long before
Norman charters were in existence.—
In the present case, however, by a
sweeping resolution of the House of
Commons, in 1699, this right was fur-
ther limited to the insignificant number
of thirteen individuals; viz. one-third
of the corporation. By this act, the
whole body of land owners and house-
Pop, 1976.
holders were disfranchised; and no less
than eight petitions have since been
presented to the House, complaining
of the corruption and gross bribery
which has on all occasions prevailed
among these thirteen Member-of-Par-
liament-manufacturers.
Among the witnesses examined in regard
to the allegations of the third petition,
which was presented in 1701, was
one William Oddy, an attorney (who
was himself twice before in custody of
the Sergeant-at-Arms for bribing the
select thirteen, and engaging “ that
whoever gave most, should be Parlia-
ment-man”).-This man delivered at
the Bar of the House a bag of gold
and a 200l. Bank-bill, which he said
“he received from Daniel Park, Esq.,
for the purpose of procuring his
election.”
Johanna, wife of one Gowen Hart, one
of the capital burgesses, when ex-
amined as to the charges contained in
the sixth petition, which was in 1722,
swore that “Lord Hillsborough offered
her 1000 guineas for her husband's
vote for him and Floyd; and, she
telling his Lordship that her husband
had promised his vote, his Lordship
then answered, he would be the ruin
of her husband and all his family;
and would disburgess him, and take
away his estate: and that at another
time before this, his Lordship offered
500 guineas together husband’s vote.”
Thomas Young, another witness, said
“Mr. Thomas Earle applied to him
on behalf of Colonel Earle, offering
him 200l. a-piece, and more if that
would not do, for as many burgesses
as he could get for Colonel Earle; and
upon witness refusing, he offered him
further a place under government of
100l. a-year, which might in a little
time be 500l. a-year.”
Charles Wallington said, “Mr.Shewring,
solicitor for the petitioners (!) offered
him 260l. for his vote for them, and
said his son should have the first
parsonage, worth 150l. per annum,
vacant in the gift of the Crown.”


It came out in evidence on the eighth peti-
tion (which was in 1806, and against
the whole thirteen electors), that one
Wilkins, an apothecary of this Bo-
rough, had obtained the control of the
corporation in 1768, and had preserved
it till his death in 1804, by allowing
MALM ( 357 ) MALT
ten out of the thirteen voters an he is excluded from the receipt of the
annuity of 30l. each ; on the express 50l. a-year, and is no longer suffered
condition of voting for whomever he to partake of their entertainments and
should nominate to be their Repre- drunkenness.
sentatives in Parliament: and that, The celebrated Joseph Addison repre-
upon his death, the said annuity was is - Years ()
increased to 50i by his successor, Mr. º º º in the years 1710,
y -
Estcourt. That Wilkins, in conse-
quence of possessing this influence, had MALTON (New), Borough of York-
obtained from government the lucra- sh;. 23. E. P.” g 3 hº
tive place of Receiver-General of the - - - - -
county, and that the Members were John-CHARLEs RAMSDEN, Esq.
always named by him from 1768 to 5th Parl.
the time of his death in 1804.—Wil- || A Land Owner...
kins's price for a seat was 4000l. In To Res., 19, Arlington-street,
addition to this it appeared that Wil- Co. Se.. Byrom Park, Yorkshire.
kins took bonds from each member of | Rel. Eld, son of Sir John Ramsden,
the corporation, to whom he paid the Bart.; tro-in-law, to Baron Pun-
annuity of 30l. ; in which they bound das: kinsman to Earl Fitzwilliam.
themselves to a forfeiture of 500l. if | THE RT. Hon. FRAN cis JEFFREy +.
they voted against his nomination 1 (Elected in the room of SIR JAMEs
This statement of facts not only passed ScARLETT, Kt. A King's Coun-
without observation, or any report of sel; (Late Attorney-General to the
such notorious corruption being made King ;) who resigned his seat on ac-
to the House, but the sitting Members count of his hostility to Reform of the
were declared duly elected, and the Commons’ House of Parliament.)

petitioners were obliged to content Offi. Lord Advocate of Scotlandt.
..","." "|Rºſe. In the hºrs ºf ºil ºut.
In 1812, Mr. Estcourt (who had, in gage-tenures, and the inhabitants pay-
1806, retired from the lucrative office ing scot and lot.
of Solicitor of Stamps, on a pension of . % '. # º . Pop. º
1200l. a-year) transferred the manage- - hº C º , w º * º ; ºt
ment of his thirteen voters to a brother . º: eet o e Lord of the
solicitor, Mr. Pitt of Cirencester; and E #". *#. 1s illi
this gentleman has had the nomina- | * * * itzWilliam.
tion of the Malmesbury Membersever
since. MARLBOROUGH, Wiltshire.
when any of these capital burgesses |*** 2 Bss,
manifests the least appearance of in- THoMAs – HENRY - SUT Ton - Buck-
subordination to the dictates of the NALL Estcount, Esq. 2d Parl.
patron (who is always High Steward Rel. Son of T.-G-B. Estcourt, Esq.
of this immaculate corporation), he is M.P. for Oxford University: son-
what is quaintly termed by themselves in-law of Frank Sotheron, Esq.
“Rogered out;” which means that M.P. for Nottinghamshire.

* The learned Editor of the EDINBURGH REvi Ew from its commencement
until the year 1829.
+ “The Lord Advocate is the same in Scotland as the Attorney-General in Eng-
land; and his business is to pursue and defend in all causes where the king has an
interest. His office is very honourable, and he is in virtue of it styled my lord; his
power and privileges are very great; he is allowed to sit within the bar of the Court
of Session, covered, where only the Peers of the realm are allowed to sit. He can
issue warrants for searching, apprehending, and imprisoning in any part of Scot-
land; and his warrants are as valid as any judge's. And as it was decreed in the
Parliament of Paris in 1685, that the King's advocate might at the same time be a
judge; so in like manner it was allowed in Scotland; as both Sir William Oliphant
and Sir John Nesbit were Lords Advocates and Lords of Session at the same time.”
—Beatson's Polit. Indea.

MARL
MEATH
( 358 )
WILL.M.-John BANKEs, Esq. 2d Par.
To. Res. 5, Old Palace-yard.
Co, Se, Soughton Hall, near Northupt,
North Wales.
Rel. Son of Henry Bankes, Esq. M.P.
for Dorsetshire : brother to Geo.
Bankes, Esq. M.P. for Corfe Castle:
grandson of the Earl of Eldon :
cous.to Viscount Encombe, M.P. for
Truro; and grand-neph, to Baron
Stowell.
R. of E. In a mayor, 2 bailiffs, and 17
capital burgesses.
N. of V. 21.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Aylesbury, in whose family it has ex-
isted ever since the Restoration of
Charles II.
Pop. 3140.
MARLOW, Borough of, Bucks.
28th Edw. I. 2 Bss.
Owen WILLIAMs, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 41, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Craigydon, Anglesea; and Tem-
ple House, Great Marlow, Bucks.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the other Member
for Marlow.
Parl. Pat. 2 Membersfor this Borough.
THos. PEERs WILLIAMs, Esq.3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 41, Berkeley-square.
R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot.
N. of V. About 250. Pop. 3340.
R. O. A Constable, chosen at the court
leet of the lord of the manor.
E. I. Exercised by the family of the
present Members for more than thirty
years. They bought the property from
Sir William Clayton and Sir John
Borlase Warren. Mr. O. Williams
returns himself and his bro.-in-law.
“The influence of Mr. Williams has
been encroached upon by Colonel Clay-
ton, who has built some new houses in
this Borough. He is very popular,
on account of his protection of the
voters, who were ejected from the
houses they held of Mr. Williams.”—
Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.
MAYOSHIRE, Ireland.
A, U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
Dow IN1ck G. BRow NE, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offt. A Governor of the County.
Co. Se. Castle Macgarrett, in the same
County.
Rel. Cous. to Viscount Dillon, I. P.
JAMES BRowNE, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner. -
To. Res. 2, Mansfield-street, Portland-
place.
Co. Se. Mount Browne, Mayoshire.
Rel. Cousin to the Marquess of Sligo.


E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Sligo, and Viscount Dillon.
MEATHSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Ktş.
SIR MARCUs SoMERVILLE, Bart.
6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Somerville, near Navan,
Meathshire.
LoRD KILLEEN. 2d Parl.
N. & S. Arthur-James Plunkett.
Offi. A Trustee of Maynooth College.
To. Res. 37, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Killeen Castle, Meathshire.
Rel. Son of the Earl of Fingall.
His Lordship is a CATHolic.

E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of
Headfort, for one Member.
In many of the Irish Counties, but par-
ticularly in Meathshire, great numbers
of the people are without employment,
and in the greatest distress, from hav-
ing been turned out of their small pos-
sessions (the forty-shilling freeholds)
by their landlords; who, having now no
further occasion for their votes at elec-
tions, have ousted them from their com-
paratively comfortable cabins and half-
acres of potatoe-land. Many of them,
but particularly in this county, are
crowded along the skirts of the bogs,
and in the villages; and the distress
among them is inconceivable, amount-
ing often to absolute want of food


MERIONETHSHIRE, North
Wales. 27th Hen. VIII. 1. Kf.
SIR. Rob ERT WILLIAMs-VAUGHAN,
Bart. 10th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Nauman, Merionethshire.
I. E. Possessed by the Member himself;
by whose family it has been exercised
for more than a century.

MIDD ( 359 ) MHDD

This County, in point of Representation,
is the very antipodes to the Duchy of
Cornwall—sending only one Member
to the House of Commons: in fact,
it is not even upon a par with the
Scottish Counties; for even the most
poorly represented of them possesses a
moiety of Borough-representation, in-
asmuch as each of them contains one
or more towns belonging to a District
of Boroughs; whereas Merionethshire
returns only one solitary Member 1
MIDDLESEX. 49th Hen. III.2 Kts.
GEORGE By Ng, Esq. 11th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
To. Res. 5, St. James's-square.
Co. Sc. Wrotham Park, near Barnet,
Middlesex.
Rel.
M.P. for Milborne Port; cous, to
Wiscount Torrington.
Jose PH HUME, Esq. th Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 6, Bryanston-square.
Co. Se. Sommerton Hall, Norfolk.
This County is famous for the inde-
pendent spirit which the freeholders
displayed in a lengthened contest with
the Government and the House of
Commons, from 1768 to 1782. The
celebrated John Wilkes, the author of
the North Briton, having returned
from exile, was immediately imprisoned
in the King's Bench, in consequence
of the proceedings against him, “by
a general warrant,” in 1763, pre- |
viously to his residence in France.
Notwithstanding his imprisonment, he
was elected one of the Knights of
the Shire for Middlesex, by an over-
whelming majority, in March, 1768.
At the meeting of Parliament in No-
vember, he petitioned the House for
an order to produce copies of the
records of the several informations
against him, &c. &c. Liberty was
accordingly granted him to attend the
House, and counsel allowed, to support
the allegations of his petition, on the
27th of January following. The whole
affair would, perhaps, have passed off
very quietly, had not Mr.Wilkes, in the
mean time, among other things, given
mortal offence to the ruling powers, by
to G.-S. Byng, Esq.
publishing in the newspapers the copy
of a letter (which he somehow pro-
cured) from the then Secretary of State
to certain Surrey magistrates, urging
“ the employment of soldiers by them,
to aid the civil power in quelling a
riot in St. George's Fields;” by which
a young gentleman named Allen lost
his life.
The Secretary of State acknowledged
himself to be the writer of the letter,
and made complaint in the House of
Lords, as a Peer, of a breach of pri-
vilege; and the publishers of the
newspapers having acknowledged that
they had received the letter from Mr.
Wilkes, complaint was made to the
Commons of the conduct of their Mem-
ber; and a conference held upon the
subject by the two Houses. This
matter being agitated, during the in-
quiry into the merits of Mr. Wilkes's
petition, he with great boldness, before
the House, confessed himself the author
of the prefatory remarks to the letter,
as well as of having sent the whole to
the news-printer.
The matter of the petition having under-
gone a long examination (during which,
Mr. Wilkes, in the custody of the
Marshal of the King's Bench, attended
the House), it was finally resolved,
among other things, “That the ‘in-
troduction’ to a letter, addressed to D.
Ponton, Esq., Chairman of the Lam-
beth Quarter Sessions, of which John
Wilkes, Esq., a Member of the House,
had confessed himself the author and
publisher, was an insolent, scandalous,
and malicious libel; tending to inflame
the minds of his majesty's subjects to
sedition, and to a total subversion of
all good order and legal government.”
These resolutions were, after long and
violent debates, followed by capulsion;
in the vote for which, the crimes
formerly alleged against him, and for
which he was then suffering punish-
ment, were coupled with the present
charge; and a new writ was accordingly
issued for the election of a member in
his room.
The next day, at a numerous meeting of
the freeholders of Middlesex, James
Townsend, Esq. M. P. for West Looe,
recommended the re-election of Mr.
Wilkes; observing, “That he had
never seen nor spoken to Mr. Wilkes
before his late expulsion; but that he




MIDD
MIDD
( 360 ) .

regarded his cause solely as the cause
of the people, divested of every per-
sonal consideration or connexion; that
the oppression and injuries Mr. Wilkes
had suffered were sufficient to rouse
the indignation of every man, who had
one generous sentiment in his breast,
or the least sense of freedom and re-
gard for the constitution ; and that he
would assert the right of thefreeholders
to the choice of their representatives,
by going to give his vote for Mr.
Wilkes, in case of future expulsion,
as long as he should have a shilling
left, or one leg to hop down to Brent-
ford ' '
John Sawbridge, Esq., M.P. for Hythe,
seconded this motion with great spirit,
concluding with the words of Mr.
Wilkes's own address, “That if once
the ministry shall be permitted to say
whom the freeholders shall not choose,
the next step will be to tell them whom
they shall choose.” Mr. Wilkes was
accordingly re-elected by the unanimous
voice of more than 2000 of the most
respectable freeholders; who, although
it proved a dreadfully wet day, at-
tended at their own expense, early in
the morning, lest any candidate in the
opposite interest should, by a party,
be surprised upon the County, at the
hustings. This re-election did not
cost Mr. Wilkes a single shilling, so
unanimous and so hearty were the
people in his favour.
The next day, the 17th of February,
1769, the return of the previous day
having been made known to the House,
it was resolved, “That Mr. Wilkes
having been expelled this session, was,
and is, incapable of being elected a
Member for the present Parliament.”
This second election was declared void,
and a new writ ordered to be issued
accordingly.
On the 16th March, a third election was
held at Brentford, when Mr. C. Dingley
made an offer to oppose this popular
candidate; but being roughly handled
by the populace, he thought it most
prudent to decline; upon which Mr.
Wilkes was again re-elected without
opposition.
It appears that, at the above election, Mr.
Dingley had not properly considered
how far his natural fortitude was equal
to the arduous task of opposing the
predominant spirit of a free people;
for, if he had stood the poll only for
one hour, it was the determination of
the ministry (as they had declared in
the circle of their private friends) to
get him seated by a special vote of the
House, as they afterwards did in the
case of Colonel Luttrell. The re-
ception, however, that he met with,
had such an effect upon him, that he
was glad to retire with his life, not
having been able to find one man in
the county that was hardy enough
to put him in nomination 1—This
election, as well as the former, was
declared void; and nearly another
month was suffered to elapse before
the time was fixed for a new one. It
was now thought that this mode of
electing and declaring void would have
been carried on to the end of the session;
but a different line of conduct was
adopted. Colonel Luttrell, a gentle-
man of considerable connexions, though
of no fortune or interestimmediately in
the county, was hardy enough to vacate
his own seat in Parliament, by ac-
ceptance of the Stewardship of the
Chiltern Hundreds, and to encounter
the whole weight of popular odium,
by declaring himself a candidate for
Middlesex;-a measure supposed to be
at that time fraught with so much
danger, that policies were actually
opened upon his life, at some of the
insurance offices in the City.



This danger, however, proved to be only
imaginary; for though some riots hap-
pened upon the road, the election was
conducted with great order; the fear
of giving any handle to dispute its
validity, having proved superior to
every other consideration with the free-
holders.-Although the whole weight
of court interest was thrown into the
scale, in this gentleman's favour, a
majority of nearly four to one ap-
peared against him upon the election;
the numbers being, on the poll,
For John Wilkes, Esq. . 1143
Colonel Luttrell, only 296
Two days after this election, however, a
resolution was carried in the House,
by a majority of 221, to 139, “That
Colonel Luttrell ought to have been re-
turned a knight of the shire for the
County of Middlesea: ; and the deputy
clerk of the crown was ordered to
amend the return, by erasing the name
MIDH (
MIDH
361 )
of Mr. Wilkes, and inserting that of
- Colonel Luttrell in its place . . Al-
though the latter continued to keep his
seat, in consequence of this uncon-
stitutional decision of the House, until
the close of that Parliament (in 1774),
he was never acknowledged by the
electors of Middlesex, or by the people.
at large, as one of their representatives;
and whenever an order was made for a
call of the House, the Sheriff of Mid-
dlesex always summoned “John
Wilkes and John Glynn, Esqs., to
attend their duty in Parliament,” as
the legal representatives of the County.
At the ensuing general election, in 1774,
Mr. Wilkes and Mr. Sergeant Glynn
were unanimously re-elected, and the
House of Commons, feeling themselves
so unequal to opposing the sense of a
whole nation, suffered Mr. Wilkes to
take his seat without any further op-
position.
At the general election in 1786, Mr.
Byng was unanimously chosen, toge-
ther with Mr. Wilkes, who received
that honour from his constituents the
sixth time.
On the 3d of May, 1782, the motion
which had been annually made for
twelve years—for expunging from the
Journals of the House of Commons
the resolution of the 17th of Feb-
ruary, 1769, for the expulsion of Mr.
Wilkes—after so long a succession
of defeats, now terminated, by a ma-
jority of sixty-eight; the numbers on
the division being, ayes, one hundred
and fifteen, noes, forty-seven, for re-
scinding it. It was afterwards resolved
unanimously, that the said expulsion
was illegal and unconstitutional.
The celebrated WILLIAM Pu LTE NEY,
afterwards Earl of Bath, represented
this county in 1734.
This County sends, altogether, only eight
Members to Parliament, though,
without doubt, the richest and most
populous district in the kingdom; viz.,
2 Knights of the Shire, 4 Citizens of
London, and 2 of Westminster.
MIDHURST, Borough of, Sussea.
4th Edw. III. Bss,
GEoRGE SMITH, Esq. 7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Director of the East India
Company. -
Occ. A Banker in London, of the firm
of Smith, Payne, and Smith.
To. Res. 1, Upper Harley-street.
Co. Se. Selsdon, near Croydon, Surrey.
Rel. Bro. to Baron Carrington; to
Samuel Smith, Esq., M.P. for Wen-
dover; and to John Smith, Esq.
M.P. for Chichester: uncle to the
other Member for Midhurst; to
Abel Smith, Esq. M.P. for Wen-
dover; to the Hon. Robert - John
Smith, M.P. for Buckinghamshire;
and to the lady of Lord G.-C.-H.
Somerset, M.P. for Monmouthshire.


John-ABEL SMITH, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker in London, of the
above firm, and an East India Pro-
prietor. -
To, Ites. 47, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Dale Park, Sussex.
Rel. Son of J. Smith, Esq. M.P. for
Chichester: nephew to Baron Car-
rington. Related otherwise as above.
R. of E. In the burgage-holders, who
can never exceed 113, yet, the number
below that is indefinite.
N. of V. 18 Pop. 1370.
R. O. The Steward of the Lords of the
Manor, who are
E. I. Baron Carrington, and Mr. John
Smith, M. P. for Chichester.


The greater part of the inhabitants of
this village do not know, in fact, who
are the Members. The property which
constituted the above burgage-holds
was sold on a lease of 999 years;
the nominal freeholds having been re-
served for the purpose of making legis-
lators. Lord Carrington bought them
of the Earl of Egremont, who bought
them of Lord Montague. During the
discussion which followed the first
reading of the Reform Bill, now before
the Commons' House of Parliament,
Mr. John Smith, one of the proprietors
of this Borough, delivered himself in
the following candid and liberal man-
ner:—“He happened,” he said, “to
be one of those who had an interest in
a borough, and he was perfectly con-
vinced that the power in his hands had
been improperly placed. He had a
right to say this, for he had possessed
the power for twenty-nine years of
putting a Member into that house for
the borough of Midhurst but he could
say that he never had received one





3 A
MILB
MINE
( 362 )

single shilling from any person for his
right, nor had it been of the slightest
importance to him in point of self-
interest, nor in any respect, except that
it enabled him to do what was delight-
ful to himself;-that was, to put one or
two Whigs into the House of Com-
mons. Some parts of the present mea-
sure he entertained great difficulties
about; though, when he heard it, it
had the effect of taking away his
breath,<-so surprised and delighted was
he. (Cheers.) It could not be denied
that there existed a great degree of
anxiety among an immense number of
people on the subject of Parliamentary
Reform. It was not unreasonable that
the people should demand Reform,
when it was considered how much they
had suffered from the conduct of Par-
liament. They felt the weight of
taxation, and attributed the burden to
the inconsiderate and extravagant pro-
ceedings of the Legislature. An inde-
pendent and intelligent House of Com-
mons would not have run into the last
French war; and had this and similar
injudicious acts been avoided, there was
not a man in the country but would
have reaped advantage. He called
upon the noble lord to persevere in his
plan, and told him that the people of
England were with him. (Cheering
jrom the Treasury benches.) Although
the noble lord might not be the indi-
vidual to succeed on this occasion, his
scheme, or something like it, must be
adopted.”
MILBORNE-PORT, Borough of,
Somersetshire. 20th Edw. I. 2 Bss.
RICHARD LALoR SHIEL, Esq.
Offi. A King's Counsel in Ireland.
Res. Leinster-street, Dublin.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.
GEoRGE STEvens BYNG, Esq.
(in the room of the Right Hon. Wil-
liam Sturges Bourne, who has ac-
cepted the Stewardship of the Chil-
tern Hundreds.)
Rel. Son-in-law to the Marquess of
Anglesey: to G. Byng, Esq.
M.P. for Middlesex.
R. of E. In the capital bailiffs and their
deputies, the commonalty-stewards;
and in the inhabitants paying scot and
lot.
N. of V. From 92 to 100. Pop. 1460.
R. O. Two out of the nine Burgage-
Bailiffs, who preside yearly, by rota-
tion. These may appoint sub-bailiffs
to act for them;-which deputies are
generally the servants of the Pro-
prietors.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of An-
glesey.

The constitution of this Borough (if an
establishment that has puzzled a dozen
Committees of the House of Commons
to understand and explain deserves that
name), is feudal, and as absurd as most
of the manorial customs introduced
since the conquest. Nine patches of
borough-land give a right of voting
for Members of Parliament to any
nine persons to whom the proprietor
chooses to convey them for that pur-
pose. But, besides these burgage-
tenures, there are seventy scot and lot
houses, which are also the property of
the Marquess; one moiety being his
own, and the other being farmed by
him upon lease from Sir W. Medly-
cott.

MINEHEAD, Borough of Somerset-
shire, 1st Eliz. 2 B&s.
John Fown Es LUT TRELL, Esq.
14th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Dunster Castle, Somersetshire.
Parl. Pat. 2 Members for this Bo-
rough.
W.M.-Edward ToMLINE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 1, Carlton-House Terrace.
Co. Se. Ryby Grove, near Brigg, Lin-
colnshire.
R. of E. In the parishioners of Mine-
head and Dunster, who are house-
keepers within the Borough, not re-
ceiving alms.
N. of V. 10. Pop. 1250.
R. O. Two Constables, annually chosen
at the court leet of the lord of the
Manor. -
E. I. Mr. Luttrell returns himself and
his colleague. The patronage and
property have been in the hands of his
family ever since this place was a
Borough.


MONA (
MONT
363 )
MONAGHANSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
Evely N-John SHIRLEY, Esq.
d Farl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 11, North Audley-street,
Co. Se. Eatington Park, Warwick-
shire; and Coolderry, Monaghan-
shire.
THE Hon. CADwALLADER-DAVIs
BLAYNEY, Esq.
Offi. Captain in the 80th Foot.
Co. Se. Castle Blayney, in this County.
Rel. Eldest son of Baron Blayney, I. P.
E. 1. Possessed by Viscount Cremorne.
MONMOUTHSHIRE,
27th Hen. VIII. 2 Mts.
SIR CHARLEs MoRGAN, Bart. 12th Par.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 70, Pall-Mall.
Co. Se. Tredegar House, near New-
port, Monmouthshire.
Rel. Father of C.-M.-R. Morgan,
Esq. M.P. for Brecon: fa.-in-law
to Baron Rodney.
Parl. Pat. One Member for Brecon:
one Member for Glamorganshire.
LoRD GRAN vill, E - CHARLEs -
HENRY SoMERs E.T. 4th Parl.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Chairman of the Metropolitan Com-
mission of Lunacy.
Rel. 2d son to the Duke of Beaufort:
son-in-law to Baron Carrington:
bro. to the Marquess of Worcester,
M.P. for Monmouth: neph, to Lord
R.-E.-H. Somerset, M.P. for Glou–
cestershire.
E. I. One moiety is exercised by the
Duke of Beaufort; the other by Sir
Charles Morgan.
This, like the Welsh Counties, is but
poorly represented, sending only three
Representatives to the Commons' House
of Parliament:-that is, two Knights
of the Shire, and a Burgess for the
town from which it takes its name.
-
MONMOUTH, NEWPORT, and
USK, a District of Boroughs in Mon-
mouthshire. 27th Hen. VIII. 1 Bs.
THE MARQUESS OF Worces.T.E.R.
5th Parl.
N. & S. Henry Somerset.
Offi. A Major in the Army.
To. Res. 8, Park-place, St. James's.
Rel. Eld. son of the Duke of Beau-
fort: nephew to Lord R. E. H. So-
merset, M.P. for Gloucestershire :
bro, to Lord G. C. H. Somerset;
M.P. for Monmouthshire.

R. of E. In the burgesses being in-
habitants of these Boroughs, paying
scot and lot.
N. of V. Between 800 &830. Pop. 6854.
E. I. The Duke of Beaufort, and Sir
C. Morgan, the County Member.


“Sir Charles Morgan, Bart. M.P. for
Monmouthshire, enjoys the prevail-
ing influence in Newport, and the
Duke of Beaufort in Monmouth and
Usk; but, by a tacit agreement be-
tween them, Sir Charles Morgan is
allowed to take the seat for the County,
on condition of his interest being ex-
erted in the Borough on behalf of the
Duke of Beaufort's nominees' 1"–
Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.

MONTGOMERYSHIRE, North
Wales. 27th Hen. WIII. 1 Kt.
THE RT. HoN. CHARLES-WAT KIN-
WILLIAMs WYNN, D.C.L. and
F.S.A. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Late Secretary at War.
President of the Royal Asiatic
Society.
A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
To. Res. 20, Grafton-street, Bond-
Street.
Co. Se. Llangedwin, Montgomeryshire.
Rel. Bro. to Sir Watkin-Williams
Wynn, Bart. M. P. for Denbigh-
shire; nephew to Baron Grenville.



The representation was long contested
between the families of Wynn and
Clive: the last contest was in 1774.
The marriage of Sir W.-W. Wynn
with Lady Harriet Clive, the daughter
of Earl Powis, has ever since con-
firmed Mr. Wynn’s seat.

This County sends only two Members to
Parliament, viz., the Knight of the
Shire, and the Representative of the
Borough from which it takes its
Ilalule.

MONT
MORP
( 364 )
MONTGOMERY, Borough of,
Montgomeryshire, 27th Hon. VIII. 1 Bs.
HENRY CLIVE, Esq. 5th Parl.
Rel. Cous. to the Earl of Powis: fa.
to E.-B. Clive, Esq. M.P. for Here-
ford: 2d cous. to Viscount Clive and
the Hon. H.-R. Clive, both Mem-
bers for Ludlow.
N. of V. About 80. Pop. 1084.
R. of E. In the burgesses only.
R. O. The Town-Bailiffs.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Powis.
This town, like all the others in Wales,
which were privileged to send Mem-
bers to Parliament, had its contributory
Boroughs, which participated in the
right of election until the year 1728,
when one of those resolutions of the
House, which has swept away the
constituents of most of the English
Boroughs, extended the disfranchising
arm of authority to those of Machin-
leth, Llanidloes, Llanvilling, and Welsh
Poole; and the right declared to be
in the burgesses of Montgomery only
The number of electors is not now
more than 80; consequently, its par-
liamentary independence is at an end;
for this Borough, like that of Beau-
maris, is entirely at the disposal of a
patron.
Of the Boroughs disfranchised by the re-
solution of the Committee of Privileges
in 1728, Welsh Poole contains 760
houses; Machinleth, 500; Llanvil-
ling, 362; and Llanidloes, 635; and
the four Boroughs united have a po-
pulation of 11,560 persons, who were
all deprived of the right of representa-
tion, to confine it to Montgomery; a
place with only 170 houses, and 1084
inhabitants. In what way can this be
accounted for, except that Montgomery
is the property of a Lord, while the
other four Boroughs are independent?
They were all equally entitled to the
exercise of the privilege, by the 27th
Henry VIII., which empowered Wales
to send twelve Representatives for the
Counties, and as many for the an-
cient Boroughs; and they continued
to exercise the right of voting from
the year 1536 to 1727, a period of
one hundred and ninety-one years;
when it was resolved, that the right of
election was in the Borough of Mont-
gomery only ' ' '
MORPETH. Borough of, Northum-
herland, 1st Mary. 2 Bss.
WILLIAM ORD, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 17, Berkeley-square.
Co. Sc. Whitfield Hall, Hexham,
Northumberland.
Parſ. Pat.
Borough.
One Member for this
THE Hon. WILLIAM How ARD.
To. Res. 5, Wilton-place, Knights-
bridge.
Rel, 4th son of the Earl of Carlisle:
brother to Viscount Morpeth, M.P.
for Yorkshire.
R. of E. In the bailiffs and free bur-
gesses.
N. of V. About 200.
R. O. Two Town Bailiffs.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Carlisle
and Mr. Ord; their influence arising
chiefly from letting pastures to the
burgesses at a nominal rent; and
keeping the number of freemen as low
as possible, by opposing difficulties to
their admission.
Pop. 3800.


NAIRN & CROMARTY SHIRES,
Scotland. A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
THE Hon. GEong E - PRyse: CAMP-
BEL L.
Off. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
A Groom of the King’s Bedchamber.
Rel. Brother to Earl Cawdor.
R. E. The freeholders of these Coun-
ties send a Member to Parliament
alternately.
N. of V. Real for Nairnshire, 5; the
same for Cromarty, 11:—Total, 16.
Nominal for Nairnshire, 6; the same
for Cromartyshire, 14:-Total, 20.
Grand Total, 36.
Pop. Nairnshire, 8660. Cromartyshire,
5960. Total, 14,620.
E. ſ. Earl Cawdor and Mr. Davidson,


NEWARK-UPON-TRENT, Bo-
rough of, Nottinghamshire.
29th Char. II. 2 Bss.
Michae L-Thomas S Apiºn, Esq.
2d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant and Banker in Leeds.
NEWA
NEWA
( 365 )
WILLIAM-F. HANDLEY, Esq.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
inhabitants within the Borough, who
pay, or ought to pay, scot and lot.
N. of V. From 1500 to 1600.
Pop. 8480.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Duke of Newcastle and Baron
Middleton.
“The Duke of Newcastle's influence here
is somewhat on the wane. Lord Mid-
dleton’s also has been declining ; and
a third party—the corporation, and a
few leading men—have gained the
ascendancy so far as to return one
Member, by compelling the tradesmen
to join what is styled the united interest.
It is said that few except the artisans
dare to speak for themselves.”—Spec-
tator, Jan. 2, 1831.
One of the most singular instances of
Boroughmongering rancour, perhaps,
ever recorded, occurred at the last
election for this Borough. Among
many others of the patron's tenants
who received “ notice to quit,” was
one who had actually voted in his in-
terest; but who was to be ejected from
his home, because he had, without
thought, gone to be shaved at a barber's
shop who had voted on the other side
A cause was lately tried at the Notting-
ham assizes, in which the Duke of
Newcastle obtained a verdict against
an unhappy brazier, who had been the
duke's tenant for nearly thirty-five
years; but who had refused to quit the
premises occupied by him, after re-
ceiving notice from his Grace so to do.
It seems that the defendant was one
of many of the inhabitants of the
borough who have been, or are to be,
ejected from their homes (of which the
Duke is proprietor), for having refused
to vote for his grace’s parliamentary
protegées”.

* The following account of a trial, rendered peculiarly interesting at the present
crisis, is extracted from the Morning Herald newspaper of March 16, 1831–
“THE DUKE of NEWCASTLE V. GILLsoN.
“Mr. F. Clinton (with whom was Mr. Waddington), for the plaintiff, stated
that this was an action for ejectment. The defendant rented a house and premises
from the plaintiff in the town of Newark. He entered under an agreement as yearly
tenant on Lady-day, 1823. He was served, on the 14th of September, 1829, with
notice to quit on the Lady-day following. This was even more than half a year's
notice, and it required the defendant to quit at the end of his year, but the defendant
refused, and has not yet left. The learned counsel was at a loss to know what de-
fence could be set up to this action.
“A witness proved the service of the notice on the 14th of September, 1829, to quit
on the Lady-day following. It appeared to be signed by Mr. Tallents, the agent
for the Duke of Newcastle, who was called, and proved that he was agent to the
Duke of Newcastle, and he had authority from the duke, and that it was with his
privity he served this notice.
“Mr. Hill endeavoured to cross-examine witness as to the motives of the duke in
turning out the defendant, and whether it was not in consequence of the vote he gave
at the Newark election in the March preceding.
“Mr. Clinton objected to the introduction of this topic, and the Court held the ob-
jection to be good, observing that this Court was no place to discuss the Newark
election.
“The witness, in his cross-examination, said the defendant claimed an allowance
for money laid out by him in improvements; to which he said, he would not hear of
any claim till defendant first quitted. In a conversation afterwards with defendant
and Mr. Godfrey, witness's predecessor in the agency to the Duke of Newcastle,
witness did consent to leave it to Mr. Godfrey to say what allowance ought to be
made defendant for the money laid out. It was Mr. Godfrey that let the premises
to the tenant in 1823, and it was during his agency, up to 1826, that the improve-
ments were made. The tenant had now overheld the premises nearly twelve months,
and though he had of course to pay double rent, the overholding was a great incon-
venience to the person to whom they were let. The defendant kept an iron-bar


NEWC
NEWC
( 366 )

Borough of, Staffordshire.
27th Edw. III. 2 Bss.
Richandson Bon RADAILE, Esq.
2d Park.
Occ. A Merchant in London.
An East India Proprietor and Owner
of East India Company's Shipping.
NEWCASTLE-UNDER-LYME,
R. of E. In the mayor, burgesses, and
resident freemen.
N. of V. From 660 to 680. Pop. 7366.
R. 0. The Mayor.
E. I. Said to belong to the Marquess of
Stafford, who is proprietor of many
houses in the Borough.
Col. Jones states in one of his “Letters,”
To. Res. 14, Duke-street, Westminster.
Co. Res. Worthing, Sussex.
WILLIAM-HENRY MILLER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Res. Craigentinny, Mid Lothian;
and Britwell House, Bucks.
that at the last election, nearly twenty-
five thousand pounds were thrown away
in riot, drunkenness, and bribery in a
few days; and that twenty-five pounds
and thirty pounds were given for a
Vote.
warehouse, nail shop, &c. The person to whom witness let the premises was to
follow the same business.
“Mr. Hill addressed the jury for the defendant. He was sorry that the Court
did not let him go into the motives of the noble plaintiff in serving this notice, be-
cause, if he were allowed to examine as to them, this notice would be vitiated. It
was not for non-payment of rent that the defendant was to be turned out; on the
contrary, no rent was due. He was, besides, an improving tenant, and, after laying
out his money in improvements—after being in this tenement since 1796, he was
now to be turned out to the wide world with his family, without any means, in law
or equity, of being remunerated for his money laid out, and without any objection
in the world against him but that he would not vote for the duke's nominee for the
town of Newark. Was not this an interference by a peer in the election of members
of the House of Commons? Was not that a high offence against the law of Parlia-
ment? Was not a notice to a tenant to quit, vitiated by the motives of the plaintiff'2
The learned counsel read a passage from Mr. Justice Blackstone's Commentaries,
to show that it was against the constitution and laws of parliament for a peer to in-
terfere in elections. He entreated the jury not to treat the notice to quit as a legal
notice, having regard to the motives of the duke in his conduct towards his tenants.
He would admit that a man had a right to ‘do as he pleased with his own’—
under this restriction, however, that he was not to use it so as to injure others. The
duke's agent was ready enough to go into evidence to show how generous the duke
was in making his tenants allowance for improvements, but it was not allowed him
to examine the witness as to the duke's motives in this proceeding, and if he were
allowed, he could show that the duke was not so generous, in other respects, to
his tenants. To aggravate the hardships of the defendant, his house was to be
occupied by a person in the same business, and he would be deprived of his cus-
tomers.
“Mr. Baron Vaughan, in summing up to the jury, told them he was sorry he
allowed the witnesses to be asked as much as he did. This was no place for dis-
cussing the politics of the election of Newark. The learned gentleman's speech and
defence was fitter for the hustings than for this Court. It was not for the jury to in-
quire into the motives imputed to the plaintiff. The defendant came in as a yearly
tenant at Lady-day, 1823; he had notice in September, 1829, to quit on the Lady.
day following: . This was good notice, and this Court was not to inquire whether it
was suggested by political motives. He had a right to state the law to the jury,
and if they believed the witnesses they should find a verdict for the plaintiff. As to
the money laid out in improvements, there could not be a question about that in this
proceeding; but if the allowance was not made, as it ought to be, by the landlord
or agent, the defendant had his remedy at law So it was not true to say that he
had no remedy at law or equity.
i. º, jury having consulted together for a few minutes, found a verdict for the
plaintiff.”



NEWC ( 367
) NEWP
NEWCASTLE-UPON - TYNE, R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
Borough of, Northumberland.
and lot.
26th Edw. I. 2 Bss. | N. of V. 62. Pop. 1026.
SIR MATTHEw - WHITE RIDLEY,
Bart. 6th Parl.
R. O. Two Vianders” appointed at the
Court-Leet of the Lord of the Manor,
viz.
A Land Owner. E. I. The Duke of Northumberland.
Occ. A Banker in Newcastle.
To. Res. 10, Carlton House-terrace.
Co. Se. Heaton Hall, and Blagdon
House, Northumberland.
Rel. Brother to Nicholas - William
Ridley-Colborne, Esq., M.P. for
Horsham.
John Hodgson, Esq.
A Land Owner.
R. of E. In the corporation and free
burgesses, as well as in the freeholders
at large, resident and non-resident.
N. of V. Upwards of 2500. Pop. 37,450.
R. O. The Sheriff.
E. I. Sir M.-W. Ridley, the Member,
has long had great influence in New-
castle.
The representation of this town is a
complete nullity. The enormous ex-
pense of collecting non-resident voters
from all parts of the kingdom deters
every person from hazarding a contest,
and this populous town is therefore
represented by a compromise of two
parties. The Members are generally
found in opposite lists upon every di-
vision, leaving their constituents with-
out any weight in the Council of the
nation.
This Borough is a small part of the town
of Launceston, but not within the limits
of that corporation, being separated
by a small rivulet. That this place
retained the name of Dunheved, as
well as Launceston, is plain from the
first return of Members; for, anno
6 Edward VI., the Sheriff of this
county sent up Members for Dun-
heved, alias Newport; and again, in
one of the indentures it is called Villa
Dounheved, alias Launceston; though,
in some of the intermediate ones, it is
named Newport, juvta Launceston;
and in others, Newport, as at this day.
The Duke is Lord of the Manor, and
owner of the greatest part of the Bo-
rough, which, under the names of New-
port and Launceston, sends as many
Members to Parliament as the city of
London Like East and West Looe
in this county, Weymouth and Mel-
combe Regis in Dorsetshire, Ald-
borough and Boroughbridge in York-
shire, and Bramber and Steyning in
Sussex, they are only different names
for the same places—split into two
Boroughs each, to answer the corrupt
purposes of the times they were created
to Serve.




NEWPORT, or MEDINA, Borough
NEWPORT, Borough of, Duchy of of, Isle of Wight. 23d Edw. IV. 2 Bss.
Cornwall. 6th Edw. VI. 2 Bss.
Jon ATHAN RAINE, Esq. 7th Parl.
Prof. & Offi. A King's Counsel and
Welsh Judge.
To. Res. 8, Bedford-square.
SIR HENRY HARDINGE, K.C.B.2d Parl.
Qff. A Privy Councillor.
A Major General and Colonel in
the Army.
Late Secretary at War.
SPEN cFR PERCEvaL, Esq. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Teller of the Exchequer.
Clerk of the Ordnance.
A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
To. Res. 85, Pall-Mall.
Rel. Nephew to Baron Arden.

HoRAcE Twiss, Esq. 2d Parl.
Offi. A King's Counsel.
To. Res. 5, Park-place, St. James's.
— Chief Secretary for Ireland. R. of E. In the mayor, recorder, 10 alder-
To. Res. 11, Whitehall-place.
Co. Se. Retton, Durham.
men, and 12 burgesses, resident and
non-resident.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess of N. of V. 24. Pop. 4260.
Londonderry. R
. O. The Mayor.
* Anciently, Providers of Meat.
NEWP
NEWR
( 368 )
E. I. The family of Holmes possesses
great property and influence in this
town and neighbourhood. They have
nominated the two Members for three
quarters of a century.
Many curious instances are recorded in
the Journals of the House, of the cor-
ruption of this Borough. In 1698,
W. Smith, a clerk in Portsmouth
Dock-yard, wrote to a Mr. Matthews,
of Newport, offering “a pursership in
the navy to the mayor's son, and to
employ the inhabitants in making
oakum from old junk, on condition of
their returning Commissioner Green-
hill to Parliament: all which was to |
be effected through the interest of
my Lord Cutts. On Mr. Matthews
making these benevolent intentions of
the government known to his worship
the mayor, the lady mayoress, who
was present, said, as many other
mothers would have done, “the interest
of our son, my dear, is more to us than
that of any parliament-man, or even of
the whole parliament together.”—As
it was in the beginning, so it has ever
since been:—as Eve tempted Adam,
so did the mayoress his worship, and
like him, he fell !”
But the following case is more important:
On Feb. 13, 1700, “the House was
informed that Samuel Shepherd, Esq.,
a Member of this House, had been
guilty of bribing several corporations
&c. &c., one of which was Newport,
of which this wholesale corruptionist
was the representative. March 18,-
Resolved “That Samuel Shepherd,
Esq., is guilty of notorious bribery in
obtaining his election as a burgess for
this Borough, and that he be com-
mitted a prisoner to His Majesty’s
Tower of Londom.” March 19,-
Resolved “That Sir Edward Sey-
mour, Bart., has made good his general
charge against Samuel Shepherd, sen.
Esq., of bribery and corruption in
several boroughs that send members to
Parliament;” and further—
Resolved, mem. con. “That the thanks
of this House be given to Sir Edward
Seymour, Bart., a Member of this
House, for the great service he has
done the public in detecting the bribery
and corruption which has been prac-
tised in the election of several Mem-
bers to serve in Parliament:” and
the thanks of the House were ac-
cordingly given!!
April 15–Resolved, “That the said
Samuel Shepherd, sen., Esq., shall be
expelled this House, and that he do
receive the said sentence at the bar of
this House.”
April 16.-He was brought to the bar
by the sergeant with the mace; where,
being upon his knees, Mr. Speaker
pronounced the sentence of his being
expelled the House.—It is only ne–
cessary to add, that Mr. Shepherd's
more ignoble associates in borough-
bribery were “committed to His
Majesty’s gaol of Newgate.”
NEW-ROSS, Borough of Wexfºrd-
shire, Ir. A. U.41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
CHARLEs-Pow ELL LESLIE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Governor of Monaghanshire.
To. Res. 3, Upper Harley-street.
Co. Se. Glaslough Castle, Monaghan-
shire.
R. of E. In the 12 self-elected burgesses
and corporation.
N. of V. 32.
E. I. Possessed by Mr. Tottenham and
Mr. Lee,
NEWRY, Borough of Downshire,
Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs,
THE Hon. John-HENRY KNox.
2d Parl.
To. Res. 31, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Aldenham, Elstree, Herts.
Rel. 3d son of Viscount Northland:
brother to the Hon. J. J. Knox,
M.P. for Dungannon: son-in-law
to the Earl of Kilmorey: nephew to
the Bishop of Derry.
R. of E. In the inhabitants.
N. of W. About 2500.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Kilmorey.
NEWTON, Borough of Lancashire.
1st Eliz. 2 Bºº.
THon. As LEGH, Esq., D.c.L. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. A Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Lyme Park, Cheshire; and
Heyduck Lodge, Lancashire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough
NEWT
NORF
( 369 )
THos. Houſ. Dswort H, Esq. 4th Parl.
Occ. A Cotton-manufacturer.
Res. Manchester.
R. of E. In the free burgesses who possess
all or part of the burgage-holds.
N. of V. About 60. Pop. 1786.
R. O. The Steward and Bailiff, who are
appointed at the Court-Leet of the
Lord of the Manor, viz.
E. I. Mr. Legh, one of the Members,
who nominates his colleague as well
as himself.
NEWTOWN, Borough of, Isle of
Wight. 27th Eliz. 2 Bss.
HUDson GURNEY, Esq., F.s.A. 5th Par.
Occ. A Banker in the City of Norwich.
To. Res. 9, St. James's-square.
Co. Se.. Keswick Hall, near Norwich.
Rel. Father to R.-H. Gurney, Esq.,
M.P. for Norwich.
THE Hon. CHARLEs – ANDER son-
Wors LEY PELHAM.
To. Res. Warren's Hotel, 1, Regent-
Street.
Rel. Eld. son of Baron Yarborough.
R. of E. In the mayor and burgesses,
having any or all of 36 borough-lands,
or burgage-holds, within the Borough.
N. of V. From 38 to 40. Pop. None !
R. O. The Mayor, who is appointed at
the Court-Leet of the Lord of the
Manor, viz.
E. I. Sir Fitzwilliam Barrington, Bart.
and Lord Yarborough.
This Borough has not so much as a
remnant of a habitation—the plough
goes over the whole; and the ceremony
of an election is conducted by the
agents of the proprietors, sent there
with furniture and provisions for the
occasion 1 ! !
Newtown pays a land-tax of 3s. 8d. per
annum, and yet it sends as many
Members to Parliament as the County
of Middlesex, which pays a sixth
part of the land-tax of the whole
kingdom 1–After this, let it never be
said that property is represented in
England:—excepting, indeed, Borough
property.
It received its franchise from Queen
Elizabeth, at the request of her fa-
vourite, Sir George Carew.
John Churchill, Esq., afterwards the
first Duke of Marlborough, sat for
this Borough in 1678.
NORFOLK, County of.
49th Hen. III. 2 Kts.
THoMAs-WENMAN CokI, Esq.
13th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Holkham Hall, Norfolk.
Rel. Grandfather to Wiscount Anson:
son-in-law of the Earl of Albemarle.
SIR WM. - John – HENRY-BRown E
Folk Es, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Hillingdon, Norfolk.
Pop. 347,658.
Norfolk returns, altogether, twelve Mem-
bers to the House of Commons; viz.
2 knights of the shire, 2 citizens of
Norwich, and 8 burgesses for four
Boroughs.
NORTHALLERTON, Boroughof,
Yorkshire, 26th Edw, I. 2 BSs.
THE Hon. HENRY L.Ascr1, LEs.
2d Parl.
To. Res. 14, Hanover-square.
Co. Se. Goldsborough Hall, Yorkshire.
Rel. 2d son of the Earl of Harewood:
brother-in-law to Edmund-Berkeley
Portman, Esq., M.P. for Dorset-


shire.
SIR Joh’N - PoE BERE's Ford, Bart.
K.C.B. 5th Parl.
Offi. A Vice Admiral of the White.
To. Res. 54, Harley-street.
Co. Se. Bedule, Yorkshire.
Rel. Eld. bro. to Viscount Beresford.
R. of E. In the holders of burgage-
tenures.
N. of V. About 200. Pop. 4464.
R. O. A Bailiff appointed by the Bishop
of Durham, who is Lord of the Manor.
E. I. The Earl of Harewood.
The right of voting is annexed to the
site of the greater part of the houses
adjoining to, and fronting the High-
street; few or none of the back tene-
ments are considered as part of the
burgage-tenures, or, consequently, en-
titled to votes. Some of those tenures
are now in the form of stables, or cow-
houses, in which the appearance of one
or more chimney is usually preserved
as a memorial of their right; others
are let out to poor persons, at a small
rent, on condition of their keeping
them in repair; and many are totally
ruinous and uninhabited. The vote is
3 B
NORT
NORT
( 370 )
in some instances separated from the
house, by the practice of granting
a lease of the latter, for the term of
999 years, subject to an annual pepper-
corn rent : in either case, of the vote
being reserved, or sold with the house,
it is considered as 100l. in the purchase.
Previous to an election, in case an op-
position is expected, the assignments
of the several tenures are prepared for
such persons as the proprietor can con-
fide in ; they are not executed unless
called for, nor even then, usually in-
trusted to the custody of the voters!
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts,
WILLIAM-RALPH CARTwRIGHT, Esq.
9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lieut. General.
Co. Se. Aynho, Northamptonshire.
Rel. Uncle to Viscount Chetwynd.
THERT.Hon.VIscount ALT HoRPE.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
N. & S. John-Charles Spencer.
Offi. Chancellor of the Evchequer.
A Privy Councillor.
To. Res. 12, Downing-street.
Co. Se. Wiseton Hall, Bawtry, York-
shire; and Althorpe, Northampton-
shire.
Rel. Eld, son of Earl Spencer.
Pop. 165,560.
The Whig Lords and gentry in this
County invariably bring in one Mem-
ber, and the Tories the other.
This County returns wine Members to
Parliament, including two citizens for
Peterborough, four burgesses for
Northampton and Brackley, and one
for Higham Ferrers.
NORTHAMPTON, Borough of,
N.shire. 25th Edw. III. 2 Bss.
SIR GEoRGE Robinson, Bart. 3d Par.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 34, South-street, Grosvenor-
square.
Co. Se. Cranford, Northamptonshire.
SIR. Rob ERT-HENRY GUNNING, Bart,
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Horton, Northamptonshire.
R. of E. In the inhabitant householders
not receiving alms. Sharing the cha-
ritable gifts distributed at Christmas,
was decided, in 1665, as a taking of
alms.
N. of V. Upwards of 2000. Pop. 11,248.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. In the Corporation. -

The town presents us with the most
violent contest for aristocratic pre-
eminence that has taken place for the
last century. The effects of this
struggle were of such a tendency to
the parties embarked in it, as to cause
the estates of the Earl of Halifax to
be sold soon after his death for the
benefit of his creditors: the Earl of
Northampton to live out of his native
country; and the fortune of Earl Spen-
cer to be considerably impaired. The
enormous expenses with which this pa-
roxysm for power was accompanied,
have since permitted the independent
party to exercise their right in the elec-
tion of their representatives.
NORTHUMBERLAND.
49th Hen. III. 2 Kts.
MAT THEw BELL, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 35, Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Wolsington, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne.
THoMAs-WENTwo RTH BEAUMonT,
Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 24, St. James's-place.
Co. Se. By-well Hall, Newcastle-upon-
Tyne; and Hexham Abbey, in this
County.
Pop. 202,400.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of North-
umberland, the Earl of Tankerville,
Earl Grey, &c.
This large County returns only eight
Members to the House of Commons,
including its three Boroughs of Ber-
wick, Morpeth, and Newcastle-upon-
Tyne.
CHARLES GREY, Esq. (now EARL
GREY), represented this County in
six successive Parliaments.
NORW ( 371 ) NOTT
NORWICH, City and County of, NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.
Norfolk. 23d Edw. I. 2 Cits. 18th Edw. III. 2 Kits:
Richard-HAN BURY GURNEY, Esq. FRANK SoTHERo N, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker.
To. Res. 34, Montagu-square.
Co. Se. Northrepps, Norfolk.
Rel. Son to G.-W.-Hudson Gurney,
Esq., M.P. for Newtown, Isle of
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Vice Admiral of the Blue.
To. Res. 58. Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Kirklington Hall, Southwell,
Notts.
Rel. Fa.-in-law to T.-H...-S.-B. Est-
Wight.
Rob ERT GRANT, Esq.
An East India Proprietor.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Offi. Judge Advocate General.
King’s Sergeant in the Duchy Court
court, Esq., M.P. for Marlborough.
JoBN-SAv1LLE LUMLEY, Esq. 2d Par.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 95, Park-street, Grosvenor-
square; and 26, Chapel-street,
Grosvenor-place.
2d Parl.
of Lancaster. Rel. Nephew to the Earl of Scar-
Standing Counsel to the East India borough.
Company.
N. of V. About 6000. Pop. 189656.
“Nottinghamshire is generally represented
by a Whig and a Tory; though from
1722 until a few years back, the Whigs
alone carried the election. Each can-
didate is nominated by a few of the
great families of the parkery and the
dukery, as the northern part of this
County is called, from the great number
of noblemen's seats. The majority of
the freeholders live within a few miles
of Nottingham, and have lately much
increased in number, by the new vil-
A Commissioner of Bankruptcies.
To. Res. 2, Poets' Corner, West-
minster Abbey.
Jºel. Brother to the Rt. Hon. Charles
Grant, M.P. for Inverness-shire.

R. of E. In the freeholders, and those
freemen only who are registered in the
books, and do not receive alms or
charity. -
N. of V. (including 1000 non-residents)
upwards of 4000. Pop. 53,648.
E. I. In the Corporation.
“The freemen and freeholders are alike
entitled to vote, Norwich being a
County and City; and the freeholders
retaining their right of voting, of which
in London and some other places they
are deprived. The freedom is obtained
either by birth, servitude, or purchase.
There is no controlling influence, either
corporate or individual : but much
money is expended on Norwich—it
has cost the family of the Gurneys
many thousand pounds. The dis-
missal of Colonel Peel cost him dearly.
The expense of a disputed election is
about 4000l.; and even where there
is no contest, from 1200l. to 1500l. is
necessary. The out-voters always ex-
pect to pay their friends a visit at an
election, at the candidate's expense;
and unless a very considerable number
are conciliated in this way, they will
procure a third candidate.”—Spectator,
Jan. 2, 1831.
A custom has likewise been established
at Norwich of giving half a guinea to
each of the poor voters after the election
is over.
tinghamshire.
SIR THoMAs DENMAN, Kt.
lages erected for the hosiery and lace
trades. A great portion of the north
of the County is copyhold.
“The Shire hall, in the city of Notting-
ham, is the place of election; and the
Forest, north of the city, is the place
for polling.”—Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.
This County returns, in all, only seven
Members to Parliament, including
Newark, Nottingham, and the Hun-
dred of Bassetlaw, which obtained the
elective franchise on account of gross
bribery and corruption among the
electors and the elected of the Borough
of East Retford.
NOTTINGHAM, Borough of, Not-
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
3d Parl.
Off. King's Attorney General.
A Privy Councillor.
To. Res. 50, Russell-square; and 7,
Old-square, Lincoln’s-imn.
SIR Ron ALD-CRAwford FERGUson,
K.C.B.
A Land Owner,
7th Parl.
OAKH ( 372 ) ORFO
Offi. A Lieut. Gen. and Col, of the Rel, Son and heir of Viscount Clifden:
79th Foot. son-in-law of the Earl of Carlisle:
To. Res. 5, Bolton-row. cousin to the Marquess of Bland-
Co. Se. Muir-town, Fifeshire. ford, and Lord Charles-Spencer
Parl. Pat. The Member for Dysart, Churchill, both Members for Wood-
&c. stock; also to Lord Ashley, M.P.
R. of E. Agreed to be in the mayor, for Dorchester: nephew to the Duke
freemen, and freeholders of 40s. per of Marlborough; to Baron Church-
annum. It was also agreed, that the ill; and to the Countess of Shaftes-
eldest sons of freemen by their birth, bury.

the youngest sons of freemen who had I. of E. In the freeholders and freemen,
served seven years' apprenticeship, being made free according to the
whether in Nottingham or elsewhere, charters and by-laws of the Borough.
and also such persons as served ap- || N. P. From 330 to 230 Pop. 2042.
prenticeship to any freeman of Not: jº. §. The Mayor. ---v--
tingham, were well entitled to demand | }. H. This Borough was sold by the late
their freedom. º º 1701. Duke of Bedford and Earl Spencer
Nº ** 0 P.", | to Messrs Robson and Holland; who
- 2nt. - 2.0 - - - - -
It. O. The two Sheriffs. 2 re-sold it to Mr. A. Saville for 60,000l.
Nottingham being,like Norwich, a County -
of jºi..."...iii. .9;OHP, Borough of Suffolk:
burgesses at the election of Members. 23d Edw. I. 2 BSs.
This town has for very many years SIR HENRY-FREDErick Cook E, C. B.
been warmly contested. The Tory 2d Parl.
party have created new votes by sub- Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
dividing freeholds; the Reformers, to To. Res. 50, Charles-street, Berkeley-
meet this movement, extended the free- square. 2 ~
dom of the corporation to any Re-
former who would take it. . Not more SPENcER-HENRY KILDER BEE, Esq.
than a third of the inhabitant house- 2d Parl-
holders are electors. The corporation A Land Owner.
has little influence (though it can make To, Res. 8, Upper Grosvenor-street.
voters), and that is always exerted for Co, Se, Great Glenham, Suffolk.
the Radicals. The elections have
always been expensive till the present
year, not only from the cost of fetching
out-voters, but also in the purchase of
hundreds of votes among the artisans.
Sir Thomas Denman's election was
R. of E. In the mayor, the portmen,
capital burgesses, and freemen not re-
ceiving alms or charity.
N. of V. About 20. Pop. 1132.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. J. Possessed by the Marquess of
cost-free. Hertford; whose father purchased it
ºr from the executors of the thirteenth
..º.* º #. Viscount Hereford. The corporation
- of this Borough, which is the con-
LoRD SEYMoUR. stituent body, is never complete, and
N. & S. Edward-Adolphus Seymour. always non-resident : being composed
Co. Sc. Berry-Pomeroy Castle, Devon- of the relatives of the noble proprietor
shire. only, canvassing is dispensed with, and
Rel. Son of the Duke of Somerset. the election is quietly managed among
THE Hon. GEorg E-JAMEs-WE LBon E themselves, without trouble or any
AGAR-ELLIs, F.R.S. & F.S.A. 3d Per. hazard of contest or opposition.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Chairman of the National Re- ORKNEY & SHETLAND, Stew-

ſº artry of, Scotland. A, U.6th Anne. I Com.
- - > s" -
Co. Se. Gowran Castle and Ringwood, GEoſ: GE TRAIL, Jun. Esq.
Kilkennyshire; and Roehampton, A Land Owner.
Surrey. Co. Sc. Hubister, Orkney Islands.
OXFO
OXFO
( 373 )

N. of V. Real, 8; Nominal, 21 :-
Total, 29. Pop. 48,648.
E. I. Possessed by Baron Dundas.
OXFORDSHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
JoHN FANE, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 6, Bolton-row, May-fair.
Co. Se. Wormsley, Oxon.
Rel. Nephew to the Earl of Maccles-
field: cousin to the Earl of West-
moreland.
LonDº North EYs.
N. & S. Montagu Bertie. -
Rel, Eld, son of the Earl of Abing-
don.
This county is remarkable for having
had the last great contest between the
Whig and Tory factions*, which hap-
pened at the general election in 1754,
and first brought the famous, Mr.
Charles Jenkinson, who afterwards
became the first Earl of Liverpool,
into court favour. and public notice,
procuring him, at first, the humble
situation of a clerk in the Treasury;
from whence he arose by a regular
gradation, in 1762, to be private secre-
tary to Lord Bute; in 1763, to be
Secretary to the Treasury, in the ad-
ministration of Mr. George Grenville,
grandfather to the present Duke of
Buckingham ; in 1766, to be a Lord
of the Admiralty, under the admini-
stration of the Duke of Grafton; in
1767, to be a Lord of the Treasury,
under the same nobleman; in 1778,
to be Secretary at War, under Lord
North; in 1786, to be created Lord
Hawkesbury, and made Chancellor of
the Duchy of Lancaster by Mr. Pitt:
in 1790, to be made First Lord of
Trade and Plantations, under the same
minister; and in 1796, to be created
Earl of Liverpool; besides holding,
for many years, the sinecure place of
Collector of the Customs in the port
of London, worth 6000l. per annum.
He at last retired from office with the
addition of an enormous pension for
life " ' " — All this accumulation of
wealth, fortune, and favouritism ori-
ginated in his being, what is com-
monly called, squib writer to the court
candidates at this memorable election,
Viscount Parker and Sir Edward Turner
were the Whig candidates, supported
by the Duke of Marlborough, the
Earls of Guildford, Harcourt, and
Macclesfield, and the administration
of that day; —the Whigs being then in
place. It was Lord Parker who first
introduced Mr. Jenkinson to the Duke
of Newcastle, at that time minister,
and procured for him the first appoint-
ment he ever obtained.
* WHIG was originally a party name, or distinction, given to the field covenant-
ers in the western parts of Scotland, on account of their poverty, and feeding much
on sour milk. It was afterwards applied by the high-church party in England to
all persons who dissented from their tenets, who pretended to austerity of man-
ners, and who adopted the doctrines of the evangelicals. It next became the de-
signation of that powerful party who drove James II. from England, and brought in
and maintained William III. and the family of Hanover on the throne, in opposi-
tion to the repeated efforts of those who wished to recall the Stuarts. Ever since,
the Whigs have been those persons who maintain what are called “the glorious
principles of the Revolution;” but they have been in reality a party out of place and
authority; and consequently in opposition to the generality of the measures of those
who held the reins of government.—The word Tony, on the other hand, was origin-
ally applied to the Catholics of Ireland; particularly to certain lawless parties of
them (otherwise styled Rapparees) who were said to have plundered and massacred
the Protestants. Its Catholic application induced the adoption of it in England by
the revolutionists, as an epithet of reproach on their enemies the high-church and
king party, who had previously stigmatized them by the nickname of Whigs.—
Since the extinction of the unfortunate family of the Stuarts, the word Tory has
been applied to those ministers and their favourers who carry things with a high
hand, regardless of the rights and will of the people. Both epithets are now al-
most obsolete; having given way to the more obvious distinction of Ministry and
Opposition

OXFO
OXFO
( 374 )
Viscount Wenman and Sir James Dash-
wood were supported by the Tory and
Opposition interest, and by the Earls
of Abingdon and Lichfield; and after
a most violent and expensive contest,
this election ended in a double return
of all the four candidates. On the
23d of April, 1775, the House of Com-
mons declared “Lord Wenman and
Sir James Dashwood not duly elected,
but that Lord Parker and Sir Edward
Turner were duly elected, and ought
to have been returned.”
At the ensuing general election, in 1761,
the Duke of Marlborough nominated
one Member, and the Tory party the
other, and they continued to do the
same for a period of 55 years. In
1815, however, on Lord F.-A. Spencer
being created Baron Churchill, W.-H.
Ashurst, Esq., was elected in his
room, in opposition to the Duke of
Marlborough's nomination and in-
terest:—thus the Tory party again
obtained the ascendancy, which they
have taken care to preserve ever since.
CXfordshire returns nine Members to
Parliament, viz. 2 knights of the
shire, 2 representatives of the Uni-
versity, 2 citizens of Oxford, 2burgesses
of Woodstock, and 1 of Banbury.
OXFORD, City of, Oron.
23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
John HAUGHTon LANGSTON, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Verdurer of Wychwood Forest.
To. Res. 143, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Sanden House, Chipping
Norton, Oxon.
WILLIAM HUGHEs Hug HEs, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 15, Manchester-buildings.
Co. Res. Ryde, Isle of Wight.
P. of E. In the corporation and freemen.
N. of W. About 2000. Pop. 17,150.
R. O. The Mayor and Bailiffs.
E. I. Exercised by the Corporation.
This city is remarkable for an attempt
at committing an act of bribery, by
almost all the members of the corpora-
tion. In 1767, Phillip Ward, Esq.,
then mayor, in conjunction with
Thomas Robinson and John Brown,
the bailiffs, and several of the alder-
men, wrote a letter to Sir Thomas
Stapylton, Bart., and the Hon. Robert
Lee, their Members, stating that they
would elect them again at the next
general election, for a certain sum of
money, stipulated in that letter; and
acquainting them, that unless they com-
plied with that condition, they certainly
should not meet with their support.
This letter was produced in the House
of Commons, by the Honourable Mem-
bers who received it; when it was
agreed, that the persons concerned in
writing it should be taken forthwith
into the custody of the Sergeant at
Arms. They were accordingly taken,
and brought to the House of Commons,
and were by them committed to New-
gate; but after a confinement of some
considerable time, on their petitioning
and setting forth to the House their
hearty sorrow and sincere contrition
jor their offence, they were discharged,
after being reprimanded, on their knees,
by the Speaker, Sir John Cust (an-
cestor of Earl Brownlow), in the fol-
lowing words:–
“Philip Ward, John Treacher, Sir
Thomas Munday, Thomas Wise, John
Nicholas, John Phillips, Isaac Law-
rence, Richard Tawney, Thomas Ro-
binson, and John Brown:
“The offence of which you have been
guilty has justly brought you under
the severe displeasure of this House.
A more enormous crime you could not
well commit, since a deeper wound
could not have been given to the con-
stitution itself, than by the open and
dangerous attempt which you have
made to subvert the freedom and in-
dependence of this House. The freedom
of this House is the freedom of the coun-
try, which can continue no longer than
while the voices of the ELECTORS
are uninfluenced by any base or venal
motive. For, if abilities and integrity
are no recommendation to the electors;
if those who bid highest for their voices
are to obtain them from such detestable
considerations, this House will not be
the representatives of the people of
Great Britain. Instead of being the
guardians and protectors of their liber-
ties, instead of redressing the grievances
of the subject, this House itself will
be the author of the worst of grievances;
it will become the venal instrument of
power to reduce this happy nation, the
envy and admiration of the world, to




OXFO
5 ) OXFO
( 37
the lowest state of misery and servitude.
This is the abject condition to which
you have attempted to bring your
fellow-citizens.
“Many circumstances concur to aggra-
vate your offence. The place of your
residence was a singular advantage.
You had at all times the example of
one of the most learned and respectable
bodies in Europe before your eyes.
Their conduct in every instance, but
especially in the choice of their repre-
sentatives in Parliament, was well
worthy of your imitation.
“You are magistrates of a great city. In
such a station, it was a duty peculiarly
incumbent on you to watch over the
morals of your fellow-citizens, to keep
yourselves pure from venality; and to
prevent, by your influence, those under
your government from being tainted
by this growing and pestilential vice.
How have you abused this trust?
You yourselves have set the infamous
example of prostitution in the most
public and daring manner; surely,
you must have felt some remorse from
the generous disdain with which your
corrupt offer was rejected by your re-
presentatives. They thought, and
justly thought, that a seat in this
House, obtained by a free and inde-
pendent choice of their constituents,
was the highest honour to which a
subject can aspire ; and that, dis-
charging their duty as such repre-
sentatives, was the noblest of services.
Sorry I am to say, that these con-
siderations do not appear to have had
the least weight with you. However,
you have at least acknowledged your
guilt, and, by your petition yesterday,
you seem conscious of the enormity of
your offence. This House, in the
terror of its judgments, always thinks
upon mercy : nor do they ever inflict
punishment but for the sake of ex-
ample, and to prevent others from be-
coming the objects of their resentment.
The censure passed upon you will,
they hope, have that effect. You are
now the object of their mercy, and are
brought to the bar to be discharged.
“May you be penetrated with a due
sense of their justice and lenity! May
you atone for your past offence, by a
constant endeavour to make a right
use of the invaluable privileges which
you enjoy as electors!—Consider these
-
privileges as a sacred trust reposed in
you. Discharge it with integrity. But
before you rise from your present pos-
ture, I do, in obedience to the com-
mands of this House, reprimand you !
I am now to acquaint you, that you are
discharged,on the payment of your fees.”
About an hour after this solemn address,
the above-mentioned culprits, having
paid their fees, were thus accosted
by a Peer, as they were walking
in Westminster Hall: —“Well, Mr.
Mayor and gentlemen, were you not
terrified to death at the awful dressing
you had from the man in the wig P’’
“Why, my lord,” replied his worship
the mayor, “we were a little dashed
(abashed) to be sure, at first; but,
when Sir John began to talk of ‘the
freedom and independence of the House,'
and “our keeping ourselves pure from
venality,” I almost bit my lip through
in trying to prevent myself from
laughing outright in his face: so, as
our Members were looking hard at us,
I nudged Sir Thomas, here, with my
elbow, and held down my head; and
all passed off as smoothly as heart
could wish.”
Whether the contrition expressed by these
persons was feigned or sincere, may be
gathered from the above anecdote.—
In the case of NEw SHoREHAM,
about four years after this punishment
by reprimand, the members of the
Christian Club, who had been guilty of
similar venality, were entirely disfran-
chised. Corruption, however, did not
cease to infect the voters of the city of
Oxford; for, after the election in 1812,
a petition was presented to the House
of Commons by certain electors, com-
plaining that “the Duke of Marlbo-
rough, a Peer of the realm, had distri-
buted the sum of 2500l. amongst the
voters, to influence their election of a
Member to serve in Parliament;” but
no notice was taken of it !


OXFORD UNIVERSITY, Oron.
1st James I. 2 Reps.
THomſ As GRIMston E BUCKNAL r.
EstcourtT, Esq. M.A. 8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
Co. Se. Newpark, Wilts; and Estcourt,
Gloucestershire.
Rel. Father to T.-H...-S-B. Estcourt,
Esq. M.P. for Marlborough.
PEEB
PEMB
( 376 )
Sir Rob ERT-HARRY INGL1s, Bart.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
Offi. A Commissioner for claims on the
late Nabob of Arcot and Rajah of
Tanjore.
To. Res. 11, Manchester-buildings,
Parliament-street.
Co. Se. Battersea Rise, Clapham.
R. of E. In those who have attained
the degrees of Doctor, and Master of
Arts.
N. of V. Upwards of 1200.
R. O. The Vice-Chancellor and the
Heads of the Colleges.
The political principles of the Members
of this University are, with a few ex-
ceptions, those of Toryism. They
have always assisted and given shelter
to royalty, whenever it was distressed
by the Parliament or people. So
little are they, however, to be in-
fluenced in the choice of their repre-
sentatives, that they do not suffer
any canvass to be made; nor either of
the candidates to be, at the time of
election, within ten miles of the juris-
diction of the University. Their 're-
presentatives are men possessing the
same sentiments respecting civil and
religious government which they them-
selves do.
Christchurch College always nominates
one of the Members for this University;
having as much political influence as
the remaining 24 Colleges and Halls.
PEEBLES-SHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne, 1 Com.
SIR GroRGE Montgom ERY, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Presenter of Signatures in the
Exchequer Court of Scotland.
Co. Se. Macbie Hill, Peebles-shire.
N. of V. Real, 37; Nominal, 5:-
Total, 42. Pop. 10,340.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Buc-
cleugh and Queensberry.
PEMBROKESHIRE, South Wales.
27th Hen. VIII. 1 Kt.
SIR John Owen, Bart. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of
Pembrokeshire.
Governor of Milford Haven.
Co. Se. Orielton, and Lanstinan, Pem-
brokeshire.
Rel, Father to H.-O. Owen, Esq. M.P.
for Pembroke.
E. I. Has been long contested between
the families of the Member, and Earl
Cawdor.
This County returns only three Members
to Parliament, viz. one for the shire;
another for a district of three Boroughs,
of which Pembroke is the chief; and
a third for Haverfordwest.
PEMBROKE, TENBY, & WHIS-
TON, a District of Welsh Boroughs in
Pembrokeshire, 27th Hen. VIII. 1 Bs.
HUGH Owen Owen, Esq. 2d Parl.
Rel. Son of Sir John Owen, Bart.
Lord Lieut. of, and M.P. for, Pem-
brokeshire.
R. of E. In the mayor, bailiffs, and
burgesses of these Boroughs.
N. of W. About 500. Pop. 6940.
R. O. The Mayor of Pembroke.
E. I. Has been exercised by the Owen
family since the Restoration of Charles
II. The father of the present Mem-
ber, whose name was Lord, assumed
that of Owen on succeeding to the
estates of that family, which had be-
come extinct in the old line.

PENRYN, Borough of Duchy of
Cornwall. 1st Mary. 2 B ss.
SIR CHARLEs LEMON, Bart-
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 43, Curzon-street.
Co. Se. Carcleu, Penryn, Cornwall.
JAMEs-WILLIAMS-FRESHFIELD, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Solicitor to the Bank of England.
To. Res. 9, Upper Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Manor House, Stoke New-
ington.
R. of E. In the mayor, portreeve, alder-
men, and inhabitants paying scot and
lot,
N. of V. 550.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Lord de Dunstanville and Basset,
who is recorder of the Borough.


In 1784, this Borough was under the
joint influence of the Duke of Leeds,
and Sir Francis Basset, now Lord de
Dunstanville, but an agreement was
said to have been entered into between
Pop. 2988.
PENR
) PENR
( 377
them not to interfere in each other's
Boroughs of Helston and Penryn;
in consequence of which Sir Francis
became sole patron of the latter Bo-
rough.
His interest was however disturbed at
the general election in 1802, by John
Milford, of Exeter, and Henry Swan,
Esqs. who opposed his Lordship's
nomination of the late Sir Stephen
Lushington and Sir John Nicholl,
and obtained a majority of legal votes
upon the poll. A number of names,
however, were by some means intruded
into the poor-rate, the night before the
election, and admitted the next day
to vote, which of course caused the .
return of his nominees.
A petition was accordingly presented, and
actions for bribery to an enormous
amount were commenced; but a com-
promise was effected before either of
them came to trial; for which the
injured parties are said to have received
10,000l., besides having all their ex-
penses reimbursed.
In 1806, another case of bribery occurred:
the candidates were Henry Swan, Esq.
Sir Christopher Hawkins, and John
Bettesworth Trevanion, Esq.; the two
former were returned, and Mr. Tre-
vanion petitioned against the return of
Sir Christopher, for bribery and other
corrupt practices. On the 4th of Feb.
1807, the Committee reported, “That
Sir Christopher Hawkins, Bart. had
by himself and his agents been guilty
of bribery and corrupt practices to
procure himself to be elected for the
Borough of Penryn,” and thereupon
ordered the said Sir C. Hawkins to be
prosecuted by the Attorney-General for
the same.
In 1818, a contest again took place: the
candidates were Sir Christopher Haw-
kins, Henry Swan, and J. C. Ander-
don, Esqs. : the two first were returned,
but Mr. Anderdon petitioned against
Mr. Swan, who was reported to the
House to have been guilty of bribery,
his seat declared vacant, and he was
ordered to be prosecuted by the
Attorney-General. The House also
ordered that no new writ should issue
during that session; and a bill was
brought in to extend the right of
voting to the Hundreds of Penwith
and Kerrier; but it did not pass.
Mr. Swan's trial came on at Bodmin,
at the next assizes for Cornwall, on
Aug. 11, 1819. Mr. Serjeant Pell,
in addressing the jury, said that “he
felt the greatest pain, that though
others were proved to be equally
amenable to the laws with Mr. Swan,
yet, for some reason—God only knew
for what—Mr. Swan was alone brought
forward to stand the brunt.” He also
said, that “it was right to mention
that all the witnesses whom he should
call, were participators in the crime
of the accused.”
The culprit, in his address to the jury,
said that “his first connexion with the
town was through the late Marquess
of Hastings, then Lord Moira, at whose
recommendation he agreed to answer
for 2500l. ; and if that sum included
every thing, he would be content with
such terms. He went to a house called
Belle-Vue, and was told if he meant to
be returned, he must quit that house,
which he did, and went to Falmouth;
he then found that the terms of the
Borough were those of broad cor-
ruption. The return was not then in
his favour, for in 1802 the election
was thought to be in the freeholders
and leaseholders, which gave a most
preponderating influence to a noble
lord. He petitioned the House, and
withdrew the petition upon the pay-
ment of all costs. Four thousand
guineas were paid, but after paying
his own expenses, the surplus amounted
to only 1600l., which was divided
among the inhabitants for what was
called a breakfast”; and yet a person
well acquainted with the town had
unblushingly said before the Commit-
tee, that he had never heard of such a
thing as a breakfast. At the next
election he was never asked for a
breakfast; and again, in 1812, he was
elected by a great majority. He had
always set his face against those break-
fasts; but it was very natural that
those whom he had obliged should be
well inclined towards him. He had
procured places for many, and was



* These Penryn breakfasts consisted in a gift cf 24!. or 25l. to each voter, on the
morning of the election.
3 c
PENR ( 378 ) PERT

He concluded by saying, that “It was
sorry to say that the places so procured
by his interest had, in many cases,
been bought and sold. He wished he
could produce the handbills which
had been circulated by the party op-
posed to him, which showed that a
breakfast meant 24l. for a plumper,
and 12l. for a single vote.—The Bo-
rough of Penryn owed great obliga-
tions to him; as Chairman of the
Waterloo Bridge Committee, he had
been the means of causing 350,000l.
to be expended in the county; nearly
all of which was laid out in labour,
for scarcely any was spent for the raw
material. He had supported the ad-
ministrations of the country, and, as
the other Members were in the oppo-
sition, it was through him alone that
Penryn persons could be provided for.
—It was in consequence of what had
passed between the two brothers-in-
law, who had the contract for the
stone for Waterloo Bridge, that he
had been placed, last election, in jeo-
pardy. “If,” continued he, “such
Boroughs as Eye were not in being,
there would not be so many Attorney-
Generals and Solicitor-Generals who
find their way into Parliament. It was,
it seemed, a monstrous crime in these
poor men to receive their 5l. and 25l.
a man, while the noble and right
honourable proprietors and patrons of
Boroughs can sell seats for 4000l.
each 2 Bribery in the lump,” he ob-
served, “was nothing; it was nothing
to pay money into the Treasury, or to
the Secretary of the Treasury, to be
paid over to the proprietor or patron
of a Borough for a seat.” He might
be consigned to the King's Bench or
Newgate, while, at the same time,
persons in high stations might act with
impunity. If that should happen, he
could never forgive those who placed
A. U. 6th Anne.
THE RT. Hon. SIRGEoRGEMURRAY,
well known that at Penryn the women
had an unbounded influence over the
men; but as he had, it seemed, ac-
knowledged the same influence, he had
no right to complain. The women
there were firmly attached to him for
acts of kindness done at all times when
he went to the town ; he never left the
town without leaving two or three
hundred pounds behind him ; but he
had been particularly careful not to
distribute one farthing after the disso-
lution of parliament: to avoid it, he
would not carry any money at all about
him, that he might avoid the solicita-
tions of the poor which were pressed
upon him. If it had not been for the
public breakfast which was held out,
they would not have deserted him.”
Mr. Swan was found guilty; but we
have not heard that the example made
of him has in any degree lessened the
corruption of Penryn.
PERTHSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Come.
G.C.B., K.G.H., K.T.S., K. L., K.A.N.;
K.R.E., and K.M.T. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England
and Ireland.
Late Secretary of State for the Colo-
nial Department.
A Lieut. General, and Col. of the
42d Regt. of Foot.
To. Re. 5, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Bleadon, Perthshire.

N. of V. Real, 165; Nominal, 19:-
Total, 184. Pop. 138,450.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Atholl.
PETERBOROUGH, City of, North-
him there,” amptonshire”. 1st Edw. VI. 2 Cits.
* Peterborough, which is the smallest city and poorest bishoprick in England,
has a peculiar jurisdiction, independent of the County of Northampton, which ex-
tends over thirty-two towns and hamlets. The civil magistrates are appointed by
royal commission, and are vested with the same powers as the Judges of Assize.
The Liberty of the Tower Hamlets, in the County of Middlesex, is similar in every
thing to that of Peterborough but in the power of its magistrates, which does not
exceed that of an ordinary Justice of the Peace. The Tower Hamlets, indeed, are
altogether without representation, though they embrace the populous and opulent
manufacturing district of Spitalfields; and extend from the borders of the City of
London, in Whitechapel, to Stratford, in the County of Essex; yet, like this Liberty,
PETE
PLYM
( 379 )
SIR Ron ERT HERoN, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Stubton Hall, Lincolnshire.
J. N. FAzAKERLY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
R. of E. Previous to March, 1825, in
the inhabitants within the precincts of
the Minster, being householders not
receiving alms; and in the other inha-
bitants within the City paying scot and
lot. This right is now vested in the
mayor and burgesses.
5th Parl.
GILBERT EAST Jollif FE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Rel. Brother to the other Member for
this Borough.
R. of E. In the burgage freeholders of
lands, or ancient dwellings, or sham-
bles, &c. built on ancient foundations,
&c. within the Borough".
N. of V. About 140. Pop. 1752.
R. O. The Mayor, who is appointed at
the court-leet of the lord of the manor.
E. I. Exercised by Colonel Sir W.
N. of V. 460. Pop. 4820.
R. O. A Bailiff appointed by the Dean
and Chapter of the Cathedral.
E. I. Earl Fitzwilliam.
“When Lord Milton recently resigned
the representation of this Borough, on
account of the death of his lady, he
signified to the electors that he should
not interfere in the election. They re-
turned their grateful acknowledgments
for this condescension; but begged his
lordship to assist their judgment / Lord
Milton then recommended Mr. Faza-
kerly, whom the electors chose, as in
duty bound.”—Spectator, Jan, 2, 1831.
Jolliffe, who is the proprietor of a
majority of the nominal freeholds; as
Lord Carrington and his brother are
the owners of those of Midhurst, in this
neighbourhood.
PLYMOUTH, Borough of Devon-
shire. 26th Edw. 1 2 Bss.
THE RT. Hon. S1P GEoRGE Cock-
BURN, G.C.B. 4th Parl.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Vice Admiral of the White.
Maj. Gen. of the Marines.
Late a Lord of the Admiralty.
SIR THoMAS BY AM MARTIN, G.C.B.
4th Parl.
Off. A Vice Admiral of the Red.
Comptroller of the Navy.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
To. Res. 8, Somerset-place, Somerset-
house.
PETERSFIELD, Borough of, Hants.
35th Edw. I. 2 BSs.
SIR WILLIAM - GEoRGE - HYL Tox
Jol. LIFFE, Bart. 5th Park.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Col. in the Army.
Co. Se. Merstham, Surrey.
Parl. Pat. 2 Members for this Borough.
R. of E. In the mayor and commonally;
which term extends to the freemen of
the Borough only.—17th Jan. 1740.
they have all the other local distinctions of a separate county; each having a Lord
Lieutenant, and a militia different from the Counties of Middlesex and Northampton,
in which they are situated.
* It is necessary here to distinguish the difference between a borough-freehold
and a burgage-tenure. It is not required that either of them should be worth forty
shillings per annum, like a county freehold; the smallest portion of land, in some
instances, gives the qualification to vote; a pig-sty, or a place of less respectable
occupation, in certain Boroughs, has this important right attached to it; but the
essential difference between a borough-freehold and a burgage-tenure is, that the
latter pays a quit-rent to the Lor the Manor, which the former does not.—
They are equally insignificant, and are scarcely of any value to the proprietor, but
in the important business of nominating Members of Parliament. It is for this
reason that Boroughs so constituted are deemed the most valuable parliamentary
property, as their owners can return Members without trouble or expense, or con-
sulting a single individual. They are, therefore, called nomination-boroughs, which
is the name given them in the House of Commons; and pocket-boroughs, because
they are more valuable than any other, as the proprietors can sell the seats by the
year, or for the Parliament; the price being generally 1000l. by the year, and
5000l. for the Parliament


PLYM ( 380 ) PONT
N. of V. From 230 to 240.
Pop, including Plymouth Dock, or
Devonport, 64,560.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Navy Board.
This place has, for above a century,
been considered as an Admiralty Bo-
rough, and has generally been repre-
sented by Lords of the Admiralty, or
admirals of the navy; but when his
late Majesty (then Prince of Wales)
did the corporation the honour to be-
come their Recorder, they considered
themselves under his royal patronage,
and two gentlemen of his household
represented them until the general |
election for 1818.
PLYMPTON-EARLE, Borough of,
Devonshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
Gibbs-CRAwfurd ANTRoBus, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 11, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Eaton Hall, Cheshire.
SIR Compton Domvi L.L.E., Bart,
April 14, 1690, resolved, “That the
charter granted by the late King James
for the Borough of Plympton is illegal,
and destructive of the constitution of
the government.”—And John Avent,
the pretended mayor, and returning
officer, was sent for into the custody of
the serjeant at arms-This charter was
deemed illegal, because it left the
members of the corporation at the
mercy of the crown, and narrowed the
right of election for Members of Par-
liament /


PONTEFRACT, or POMFRET,
Borough of Yorksh. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR. CULLING-EARDLEY SMITH, Bt.
A Land Owner. -
Co. Se. Hadley, Middlesex,
THE Hon. HENRY - VALENTINE
STAFF orid-JERNINGHAM.
Rel. Eld. son of Baron Stafford.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.
(in the room of Viscoux T VALLE-
ToBT, who accepted the Steward-
ship of the Chiltern Hundreds, but
was afterwards returned for Lost-
withicl.)
R. of E. In the residentinhabitant house-
holders.
N. of V. About 1000. Pop. 91.40.
R. O. The Mayor.
After many contrary decisions of com-
A Land Owner.
Co. Se, Santry House, near Dublin.
R. of E. In the mayor, bailiffs, free-
men, and sons of freemen of this
village, who have a right to demand
their freedom.
N. of V. About 210. Pop. 784.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the proprietors, who
are the Earl of Mount Edgecumbe, and
Mr. Treby a country gentleman in the
neighbourhood.
In 1684, the corporation had been pre-
vailed upon to surrender their charter,
and a new one was granted by James II,
March 21, 1684-5, under which two
Members were chosen and returned to
Parliament; but, on a petition of the
mayor, bailiff, &c. of the old corpora-
tion, the election and return were de-
termined to be void, and the House,
mittees, this Borough is a solitary in-
stance of the ancient right of voting
for representatives, being recovered
by the “resident inhabitant house-
holders:” for, by decision of the same
authorities, all others have been limited
to corporations, burgage-holders, free-
holders, freemen obtaining the privi-
lege by birth or apprenticeship, or by
paying to church and poor.

POOLE, Borough and County of *,
Dorsetshire. 14th Edw. III. 2 Bss.
BENJAMIN-List ER LISTER, Esq.
Gth Parl.
0cc. A Newfoundland Merchant.
Offi. Mayor of Poole.
To. Ites. Fenton's Hotel, 63, St.
James's-street.
Co. Res. Poole, Dorsetshire.
* This Borough was made a County by Queen Elizabeth. The municipal go-
vernment is similar to that of London: it has a sheriff, recorder, coroner, &c., and
the mayor and aldermen are justices of the peace, ea officio,
|PORT ( 381 ) PORT
THE Hon. WILLIAM - FRAN cis-
SPEN cer Ponson BY. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 20, St. James’s-square.
Co. Se. Great Canford, Dorsetshire.
Rel. 3d son of the Earl of Bes-
borough, I.P. (Baron Ponsonby of
Sysonby, U.K.): brother to Vis-
count Duncannon, M.P. for Kil-
kennyshire.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this
Borough.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
in-and-out burgesses, exclusive of the
commonalty.
N. of V. About 150. Pop. 6570.
R. O. The Mayor, who is Admiral within
the Liberty.
E. I. Mr. Ponsonby and the Corpora-
tion. It came into Mr. Ponsonby’s
possession by his marriage with the
daughter of the late Earl of Shaftes-
bury.
Poole was confirmed in the inestimable
privilege of choosing its members by
the commonalty orinhabitants at large,
in consequence of a charter granted by
Elizabeth. It enjoyed this privilege by
immemorial usage; but, by the in-
trigues and contrivance of the select
part of the corporation, consisting of
about 100 resident and non-resident
burgesses, the right has been wrested
from the inhabitants, and assumed
exclusively by them. This right has,
therefore, been four times agitated in
the House of Commons; and each
time determined to be in the mayor,
bailiffs, and burgesses only.
In the cases of Abingdon, Southampton,
and others, the word “commonalty”
has been determined to mean all the
inhabitants; at this place to mean the
corporation only 111
It is not an uncommon thing for a man
to give 500l. to become a burgess of
this member-making body, and the
next election is expected to “bring
him home;” besides the chance he
has of partaking of the good things
distributed by government amongst the
corporation.
The celebrated Charles-James Fox was
once returned for this Borough. He
petitioned for the elective franchise in
favour of the inhabitants at large, -but
unsuccessfully.
PORTARLINGTON, Borough of,
Queen's County, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. I B.S.

SIR CHARLEs OGLE, Bart.
Offi. Vice-Admiral of the Blue.
To, Res. 4, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Worthy, Hampshire.
R. of E. In the self-elected burgesses.
N. of V, 15.
E. I. The Earl of Portarlington, and
Viscount Galway.
“Portarlington is the sole property of
the Earl of Portarlington, and very
corrupt. It is regularly sold to the
highest bidder, whether Tory, Whig,
or Radical Reformer. The patron
names a sovereign, and six or eight of
his own creatures, as burgesses, who
return any candidate recommended by
the earl.—Mr. Ricardo sat for this
Borough. He was succeeded by Mr.
Farquhar, a Tory attorney, who was
actually unknown to the electors or in-
habitants.”—Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.
PORTSMOUTH, Boroughof, Hants.
23d Edw. I. 2 B.S.
John-Bon HAM CARTER, Esq.3d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
Offi. An Alderman of Portsmouth.
FRANcis BARING, Esq. 2d Parl.
An East India Proprietor.
Off!. A Lord of the Treasury.
A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
To. Res. 17, New-street, Spring-gar-
dens.
Rel. Son to Sir Thomas Baring, Bart.
M.P. for Wycombe: nephew to
Alexander Baring, Esq., M.P. for
Callington : cousin to Francis Ba-
ring, Jun., Esq. M.P. for Thetford;
and to W.-Bingham Baring, Esq.,
M.P. for Callington.

R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
burgesses only,
N. of V. From 105 to 110. Pop. 47,460.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Mr. Carter, one of the Members, has
very great influence in Portsmouth;
on account of his father and grandfather
having servedin the mayoralty for many
years; and contributed in no small de-
gree to preserve the municipal and elec-
torial rights of the Borough. On Dec.
5, 1695, a petition of divers inhabitants

PRES ( 382 ) QUEE

of Portsmouth, paying scot and lot,
and having a right to vote, was pre-
sented to the House of Commons,
stating that they were precluded
giving their votes for Edward Dum-
mer, Esq., by many illegal practices on
the part of Nicholas Hedger, mayor of
this Borough, viz. by shutting the
gates of the town, to prevent those
from voting who lived without, and by
threatening many of the petitioners
with corporal punishments, for offering
to poll for Mr. Dummer, and also in a
hostile manner keeping a guard of sol-
diers, to threaten and discourage Mr.
Dummer's friends from voting for
him; by which, and many other flagrant
and unconstitutional practices, the said
mayor procured himself to be returned.
The famous admirals, Sir George Rooke,
Sir Charles Wager, and Sir Edward
Hawke, have sat for this Borough.
PRESTON, Borough of Lancashire.
23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
John Wood, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
To, Res. 1, Tanfield-court, Temple.
HENRY HUNT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. Manufacturer of Blacking.
Roaster of Corn.
Compounder of Radical Tea.
Patentee of the New Polish for
Boots and Shoes.
To. Res. Stamford-street, Blackfriars-
road, Surrey.
Co. Se. The Manor of Glastonbury,
Somersetshire, of which he is Lord.
R. of E. In all the inhabitants of 21
years of age, who have resided six
months in the town, and obtained a
parochial settlement.
chester;—aparty better known in 1745
by the name of the Manchester Jaco-
bites. He was at that time unsuc-
cessful, but the numbers on the poll
being nearly equal, and his interest in-
creasing, he formed a coalition with the
Earl at the Election in 1802; when each
party agreed to return one Member.
These united interests were opposed
by the late Edward Hanson, Esq. of
Manchester, in 1807 and 1812, but
without success. At each succeeding
election, however, the independent part
of the town gained additional strength,
by opposing to this Whig-and-Tory
coalition the names of Dr. Crompton,
Mr. Cobbett the great political writer,
and Mr. Hunt; till, by the return of
the latter to the House of Commons,
they gained a complete triumph over
it: and it would seem, by the “fare-
well letter” of Mr. Stanley, the Earl's
grandson, that in Preston the sun of
Derby is set for ever.
Many º have been made, by pe-
tition, to limit the right of election in
this town, and to obtain the determina-
tion of a committee, that “all the in-
habitants” meant only a select number,
as was the case in the Truro question;
when the word “populace” was deter-
mined to mean a corporation of twenty-
five persons; and in all the cases
respecting Poole, wherein the word
“ commonalty” was allowed to mean
the corporation only.
QUEENBOROUGH, Kent.
12th Eliz. 2 Bss.
John CAPEL, Esq. 2d Parl.
An East India Proprietor.
Occ. A Stock-broker.
Offi. Treasurer to the City of London
Lying-in Hospital.
N. of W. About 6000. Pop. 28,560.
Treasurer to the Society of Patrons
R. O. A Mayor and two Bailiffs. ety
of the Anniversary Meeting of
This borough had always been under the London Charity Schools in St.
influence of the Earls of Derby, till Paul’s Cathedral.
1802; when, by the increase of manu- To. Res. 32, Russell-square.
factures and population, occasioned by John Gladston E, Esq.
the introduction of cotton mills by º: Occ. A Merchant.
late John Horrocks, Esq., that gentle- - ---
man succeeded to 'shaº of the poli- R *.** mayor, jurats, bailiffs,
tical influence. He opposed the interest sº-s:
of the Earl of Derby, in 1796, being |º % º 260 to 270. Pop. 896.
supported by the first Earl of Liver- R. O. The Mayor.
pool, and by the whole weight of the E. I. Possessed by the Boards of Ord-
“Church and King Club” at Man- nance and Admiralty, ever since 1727.
QUEE
RADN
( 383 )

“A double return was made for this
Borough at the last election: a petition
was subsequently presented against the
return of Sir P. Durham and Mr.
Holmes, which the latter declined to
oppose. On the above occasion the in-
fluence of the Ordnance was paraded
in the most wanton and impudent
manner. Voters were brought from
London in the king's vessels; regi-
mental bands were in use; and the
government members displayed flags
bearing the Ordnance arms. It is
said that the late ministry offered
Mr. Capel and Mr. Gladstone seats
in the Commons House free of ex-
pense, provided they would abandon
their petition.”—Spectator, Jan. 2,
1831.
Most of the voters hold places under the
Admiralty or Ordnance: several of
them are naval or artillery officers;
labourers on the gun-wharfs at Sheer-
ness or Purfleet; or employed on the
river Thames; and are as completely
under the influence of those Boards,
as their messengers and porters.
QUEEN'S COUNTY, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
SIR CHARLEs-HENRY Coot E, Bart.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 5, Connaught-place.
Co. Se. Ballyfin, Queen's County.
SIR HENRY PARNELL, Bart. 8th Parl.
(Re-elected.)
A Land Owner.
Offi. Secretary at War.
To. Res. 89, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Rathleague, near Mary-
borough, Queen's County.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of
Portarlington : fa.-in-law to the
present Baron Clifton (Earl of Darm-
ley, I.P.) -
N. of V. About 600. -
E. I. Sir C.-H. Coote possesses much
property in this County; which, with
the assistance of government, enables
him to retain his seat. The other
patrons are the Earl of Portarlington,
Viscount de Vesci, and Sir Henry
Parnell.
RADNORSHIRE, South Wales.
27th Hen. VIII. 1 Kt.
THE R.T. Hon. THom As-FRANKLAND
LEWIs. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Commissioner of Greenwich Ho-
spital.
Late Treasurer of the Navy.
Co. Se. Harpton Court, Radnorshire.
E. I. The principal land-owners in this
County are the Earl of Oxford and
Mr. T.-F. Lewis, the Knight of the
Shire.
Two Members, only, are returned to
Parliament by this County; viz. one
for the Shire itself, and the other for a
district of five Boroughs .
RADNOR (New), RHAYADER,
KNIGHTON, KNUCKLAS, and
KEVENLIEL, a District of Welsh
Boroughs. 27th Hen. VIII. 1 B&.
Rich ARD PRICE, Esq. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Hyde-parkHotel, Hyde-park-
place.
Co. Se. Knighton, Radnorshire.
R. of E. In the burgesses, resident and
non-resident, of these five Boroughs.
N. of V. From 1150 to 1200. Pop. 2753.
R. O. The Mayor of New Radnor.
READING, Borough of, Berkshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
CHARLEs-Fysh E PALMER, Esq.
- - 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Cocoa-tree, Clubhouse, 64,
St. James's-street.
Co. Se. Langley House, Berks.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Duke of
Gordon.
CHARLEs R Uss ELL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 27, Charles-street,
James's.
St.
R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot.
N. of V. Between 900 and 1000.
Pop. 13,364.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. In the corporation.

REIG (
RIPP
384 )
REIGATE, Borough of, Surrey.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR. Jose PH-SIDNEY Yon KE, K.C.B.
7th Parl.
Offi. Vice Admiral of the Red.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
To, Res. 14, New Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Sidney Lodge, near South-
ampton.
Rel. Half-bro. to the Earl of Hard-
wicke.
JAMEs Cocks, Esq. 3d Parl.
An East India Proprietor.
Occ. A Banker in Westminster.
To. Res. 7, Chesterfield-street, May-
fair.
Rel. Cousin to Earl Somers: 2d cous.
to Viscount Eastnor, M. P. for
Hereford.
R. of E. In the possessors of certain
freeholds.
N. of W. About 200. Pop. 3128.
R. O. A Bailiff appointed by the Lord
of the Manor. -
E. I. Possessed by Earl Somers and
the Earl of Hardwicke; in whose fa-
milies the patronage has existed for
more than a century, by possession of
the freeholds. -
RENFREWSHIRE, Scotland.
A, U. 6th Anne. l Com.
SIR Michaei, -SHAw STEwART, Bart.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 4, Carlton House-terrace.
Co. Se. Carnock, Stirlingshire; and
Ardgowan, near Greenock, N. B.
N. of V. Real, 4; Nominal, 78:—
Total, 82. Pop. 95,460.
E. I. Sir M. S. Stewart, Bart, the pre-
sent Commissioner.
RICHMOND, Borough of York-
shire. 19th Eliz. 2 B&s,
THE Hon. SIR. Rob ERT LAwRENCE
DUNDAs, C.B. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Major General in the Army.
To. Res. 19, Arlington-street.
Rel. Brother to Baron Dundas: uncle
to the Hon. Thomas Dundas, M.P.
for York: cousin to Viscount Mel-
ville; to the Hon. Henry Dundas,
M.P. for Winchelsea; and to the
other Member for this Borough.
THE Hon. Jon N-CHARLEs DUNDAs.
Rel. Third son of Viscount Melville,
R. of E. In the holders of certain bur-
gage-tenures; being the right of pas-
ture in a common field, called Whit-
cliffe Pasture,
N. of V. 270.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. J. Baron Dundas.
Pop. 3570.
RIPPON, Borough of Yorkshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 BSs.
Louis-HAYEs PETIT, Esq. 2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 9, New-square, Lincoln’s-inn.
GEORGE SPENCE, Esq. 2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 35, Pall Mall; and 2, Stone-
buildings, Lincoln’s-inn.
R. of E. In the possessors of 146 bur-
gage-holds.
N. of V. 146.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Sir Launcelot Shadwell, Kt.
All, or at least a majority of these bur-
gage-holds, were some years ago in the
possession of a female, Mrs. Allanson,
who of course returned the two Mem-
bers! They are at present in pos-
session of another lady, named Miss
Lawrence, and under the management
of Sir Launcelot Shadwell, the Vice-
Chancellor. Miss Lawrence is a near
relative to ViscountCoderich and Baron
Grantham, who are likely to become
the future proprietors of this Borough.
-The nomination for these burgage-
holds was possessed by Miss Lawrence's
progenitors, the Aislabies of Studley
Castle, for 150 years.
Pop. 14,746.
ROCHESTER, City of Kent.
23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
RALPH BERNAL, Esq. 4th Parl.
A West India Proprietor.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 11, Park-crescent, Portland-
place.
Viscount VII, LIERs.
M. & S. George-Augustus-Frederick
Williers.
Rel. Eld, son of the Earl of Jersey.
R. of E. In the freemen of the city not
receiving alms.
N. of V. From 1075 to 1100. Pop. 9284.
E. I. The Admiralty possesses one moiety.
ROCH
5 ) ROMN
( 38
The number of electors not being limited
to a self-elected corporation, prevents
the representation of Rochester from
being entirely at the disposal of the Ad-
miralty; but it has always been cus-
tomary to compliment that board with
the recommendation of one member.
A correspondent of the Spectator News-
paper thus characterises the late Elec-
tion for Rochester. There were four
candidates; one of them, a Tory, after
a few days, bolted, leaving Church,
State, and publicans, in utter dismay.
A second, for eight-and-forty hours'
amusement, paid 12001. The govern-
ment candidate, Lord VILLIERs, paid
2500l. ; and the favourite candidate,
MR. BERNAL, 4000l. 1–One of the
parties paid 120l. for a supper to a few
freemen from London. In another
case, the quantity of spirits charged by
one publican earceeded his whole yearly
stock, as appeared by the inspection of
the Excise-officer's books 1–Some of
the London voters would not vote with-
out the advice and presence of their
London friends and relatives; who
were, of course, brought down along
with them at the candidate's expense:
having arrived, their scruples would
not allow them to vote until the last
moment. They were, therefore, to be
brought down, maintained, and sent
back, at the candidate's charge; so
that the vote of a single worthy and
independent freeman might be valued,
in some cases, at 100l. '
At the general election in 1818, Lord
Binning (now Earl of Haddington,
S. P., Baron Melrose, U.K.) being re-
turned on the government influence,
Major Torrens petitioned against him
on the ground of ineligibility. An
estate in Scotland, by the Act of Union,
was no qualification to represent any
place in England; it was therefore
presumed, that a Scottish peerage
could not qualify the eldest son for
such a situation, the law not having
enacted such a qualification. The
committee, however, determined it to
be a legal qualification, and voted
Major Torrens' petition frivolous and
weavatious.
Sir Cloudesley Shovell, who was lost
with his fleet off the Island of Scilly,
represented Rochester in 1695, 1698,
and 1705.
ROMNEY, NEW, a Borough and
Cinque Port, Kent. Hen. III. 2 Barons.
WILLIAM MILEs, Esq.
Occ. A Banker.
Co. Se. Beesthorpe Hall, Notting-
hamshire.
Rel, Son of Philip-John Miles, Esq.
M. P. for Corfe Castle.
SIR. Roger GREsi, EY, Bart.,
(in the room of the Hon. Arthur
Trevor (son of Viscount Dungan-
non), he himself having vacated his
seat for the City of Durham, on
account of irregularity in the late
election.)
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 29, Hertford-street, May-
fair.
Co. Se. Drakelow Hall, Derbyshire.
Re!. Brother-in-law of the Earl of
Coventry.


R. of E. In the mayor, jurats, and such
freemen, only, as have a right to their
freedom by birth, as eldest sons of
freemen, or by serving seven years'
apprenticeship; or who have it by
redemption, inhabiting the Borough
at the time of their being made
free.
N. of W. About 150. Pop. 984.
R. O. The Mayor, who is chosen at
the Court-Leet of the Lord of the
Manor.
E. I. The heirs of the late Sir Manasseh
Lopez, Bart., and Sir Edward Dering,
Bart.


This has generally been a Treasury Bo-
rough, from the number of places in
possession of the patrons and their
friends.
Sir Edward Dering has, by a very simple
method, possessed himself of an in-
fluence in this port, not easily to be
rendered insecure. His property in
the neighbourhood is tenanted out,
without lease, at very easy rents, to
the electors; who, feeling that gra-
titude which never fails to inspire
those immediately interested in the
present possession of a good thing,
could not be so ungenerous as to op.
pose the inclination of a passive land-
lord, in so triſting a concern as that
of the election of a Member of Par-
liament!
3 D
ROSC ( 386 ) RYE
ROSCOMMONSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
ARTHUR FRIENCH, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Governor of Roscommonshire.
Co. Se. French Park, in this County.
Owen O'Connor, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Belanagar, in this County.
E. I. Mr. French returns himself.
ROSS-SHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. l Comº.
SIR. JAMES - WEMYss MACKENzi E,
Bart. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Ross-shire.
To. Res. 47, Parliament-street.
Co. Se. Scatwell, Ross-shire.
N. of V. Real, 37; Nominal, 33: –
Total, 70. Pop. 55,653.
E. I. The present Commissioner. "
ROXBURGHSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
HENRY-FRANcis Scott, Jun., Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 9, John-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Harden, Roxburghshire.
N. of V. Real, 94; Nominal, 49:-
Total, 143. Pop. 38,760.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Buc-
Sin G1 LBERT HEATHcot E, Bart.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 12, Langham-place, Port-
land-place.
Co. Se. Normanton Park, Stamford,
Rutlandshire; and Durdans, Epsom,
Surrey.
Rel. Son-in-law to the Countess of
Dysart: kinsman to Sir William
Heathcote, Bart., M.P. for Hamp-
shire.
2. I. The Marquess of Exeter and his
ancestors nominated one Member from
1747 to 1812; when the freeholders
became independent of his control by
electing Sir Gilbert Heathcote. Sir
Gerard Noel's family have always re-
turned the other Member.
This County, which is certainly the
smallest in England, returns only the
above two Members to Parliament!
RYE, a Borough and Cinque Port,
Sussea. 42d Edw. III. 2 Barons.
HUGH-DuNCAN BAILLIE, Esq.
0cc. A Banker and West India Mer-
chant.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 34, Mortimer-street.
FRANcis-Rober T Bon HAM, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Res. Brighton, Sussex.
R. of E. In the mayor, jurats, and free-
men, inhabiting the port of Rye, and
paying scot and lot *.
cleugh and Queensberry, and the Earl
of Minto.
N. of V. About 100. Pop. 3646.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Rev. Dr. Lamb,
RUTIANDSHIRE.
13th Edw, III. 2 Kºts.
SIR GERARD-Noel Noel, Bart.
- 10th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 11, Chandos-street, Caven-
dish-square.
Co. Se. Exton Park, near Stamford;
and Catmore Lodge, Rutlandshire.
Rel. Father to Baron Barham.
whose family has enjoyed the patron-
age for nearly 100 years. This is
managed by their influence in the cor-
poration, of whom, though not re-
sident, they form the greatest number.
At the time they acquired this ascend-
ancy, they entered into a solemn con-
vention with the other influential per-
sons in the Borough, to keep it close.—
The office of mayor is always filled by
a Lamb.
* It appears from the old custumal of Rye, still in existence, that the right of
voting formerly belonged to every person possessed of a freehold within the corpo-
ration, and to every son of a freeman,—(For other particulars respecting the Right
of Election, &c. in this and other Cinque Ports, see Dov ER and HAs TINGs.)
RYE
ST. AAE,
( 387 )
Before Mr. Crewe's bill, this place was,
in the strictest sense of the appellation,
a Treasury Borough; all the freemen,
with scarcely an exception, being pos-
sessed of places in some department of
the revenue. Since this bill, it has
become necessary to make a small
addition to the usual number of free-
men, in order that there may be some
persons duly qualified to go through
the formal part of the farce of an
election; all which freemen, who are
not ostensibly holders of a place, are
quartered upon, and, in a certain de-
gree, divide the profits with those who
are in possession of the more lucrative
posts.
We must not here omit to make mention
of the new harbour of Rye; for the
making of which an Act was passed
about 90 years ago. The only real
object of which statute was, to give
additional force to Treasury patronage
and influence. After much labour and
expense, the new harbour was wholly
abandoned in 1778; notwithstanding
which, the enormous tax of two-pence
per ton on all vessels of this kingdom,
as often as they pass the Straits of
Dover, is still continued 1–The mode
in which the produce of this vast bur-
then on the commerce of the nation is
now applied is well worth the in-
vestigation of Parliament: certain it
is, that all the officers, artisans, and
workmen (most of whom are freemen)
still continue to enjoy their pensions
and salaries, though their places are
now become, in the strictest sense of
the word, sinecures / -
The conduct and management of this
enormous mass of influence was exer-
cised for a long time by Mr. Thomas
Lamb, father of the present manager;
who became agent and first officer of
the Treasury in this Borough on the
death of his father :-constantly siding
with the First Lord of the Treasury for
the time being, the Lambs have con-
tinued in quiet and undisturbed pos-
session ever since. On the passing of
Mr. Crewe's bill, Mr. T. Lamb made
an attempt at setting up a private in-
terest of his own, independent of the
Treasury; and actually returned one
Member, with the government candi-
date. However, he was quickly given
to understand, that the Treasury was
determined to have both the Members
of its own nomination, and that the
loss of place, &c. would be the imme-
diate and certain consequence of dis-
obedience. In a short time after, he
returned to his duty and allegiance;
having previously stipulated, that, in
future, the Treasury nominees should
make him some douceur or compli-
ment 1
In consequence of the slaughter which
took place at the battle of Evesham,
in the time of Henry III. this place,
for that time, returned four Members
to Parliament, as did the rest of the
Cinque Ports.
ST. ALBANS, Borough of, Hert-
fordshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
Visco UNT GRIMs to N.
N. & S. James-Walter Grimston.
Itel. Eld. son of the Earl of Ve-
rulam.
CHARLEs TENNANT, Esq.
Prof. A Solicitor.
To. Res. 62, Russell-square.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
freemen, and in such householders as
pay scot and lot.
N. of V. From 700 to 800. Pop. 4782.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed for one moiety, by the
Earl of Verulam; in whose family the
patronage has been vested for upwards
of 150 years.
ST.GERMANS, Borough of, Duchy
of Cornwall. 5th Eliz. 2 B&s.
CHARLEs Ross, Esq. 3d Parl.
A West India Proprietor.
Offi. A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
To. Res. 60, Portland-place.
Rel. Son-in-law of Earl Cornwallis.
WINTH RoP - MLAckwo RTH PRAED,
Esq.,
(in the room of the Rt. Hon. Sir
Henry Hardinge, who accepted the
Stewardship of the Chiltern Hun-
dreds.)
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To... Rºs. 6, King's-bench -walk,
Temple. -

ST. GE
ST. IV
( 388 )
R. of E. In such freeholders as have
resided a year in this Borough *.
N. of V. 7 | Pop. 2430.
R. O. A Portreeve, appointed at the
Court-Leet of the Lord of the Manor,
who is—
E. I. The Earl of St. Germans.
Inconsiderable as the number of inha-
bitants in this little Borough is, the
patron has contrived to limit the right
of election still further, by setting up
an artificial freedom; as has been done
at Bossiney, in this county, where the
whole number of voters are only ten,
and here they are only seven. This
infringement of election-right would
become the subject of legal investiga-
tion in a larger place, where the
temptation of obtaining a seat might
repay the expense of the adventure;
but the contradictory decisions of com-
mittees, and the enormous charges at.
tending a petition against the undue
return of a Member, begin to deter
gentlemen from having recourse to that
methcd of obtaining justice.
Philip Stanhope, afterwards the cele-
brated EAR I. or CHESTERFIELD,
represented this rotten Borough in
1761. In order to show the condition
and value of such Boroughs in his
time, we shall here quote a passage
from one of his letters to his son, dated
Bath, Dec. 19, 1767. It seems that
the Great Earl of Chatham, then
Prime Minister, had sojourned at Bath
for some time, for the recovery of his
health. In writing of him, the Earl
thus addresses his son :-‘‘ In one of
our conversations here, this time twelve-
month, I desired him to secure you a
seat in the new Parliament; he assured
me he would, and, I am convinced,
very sincerely; he said even that he
would make it his own affair; and de-
sired I would give myself no more
trouble about it. Since that, I have
heard no more of it; which made me
look out for some venal borough : and
I spoke to a borough-jobber, and of-
fered five-and-twenty hundred pounds
for a secure seat in Parliament; but
he laughed at my offer, and said, that
there was no such thing as a borough
to be had now; for, the rich East and
West Indians had secured them all, at
the rate of three thousand pounds at
least; but many at four thousand; and
two or three, that he knew, at five
thousand. This, I confess, has vexed
me a good deal; and made me more
impatient to know whether Lord Chat-
ham had done any thing in it: which
I shall know when I go to town, as I
propose to do in about a fortnight; and
as soon as I know it, you shall. To
tell you truly what I think—I doubt,
from all these nervous disorders, that
Lord Chatham is hors de combat, as a
minister; but do not even hint this to
any body. God bless you!”


ST. IVES, Borough of Duchy of
Cornwall. 5th Mary. 2 Bss.
THE Hon. WILLIAM-Pol, E-TILNEY
Lon G-WE.L.I.ESI, E. Y. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 39, Dover street.
Co. Se.. West-green, Hartford-bridge,
Hants.
Rel, Eld. son of Baron Maryborough:
nephew to the Duke of Wellington;
to the Marquess Wellesley; and
to Baron Cowley: cousin to the
Marquess of Douro, M.P. for Alde-
burgh.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough.
JAMES MoRR1so N, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. Wholesale Haberdasher in Lon-
don,
Co. Se. Balaam Park, Surrey.
R. of E. In the inhabitant householders
paying scot and lot.
N. of V. About 200.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Mr. Wellesley, one of the Members,
possesses the nomination of two bur-
gesses to represent this Borough.
St. Ives anciently belonged to the Fer-
rers family, from whom it descended
to the Champernouns, and from them
to Lord Willoughby de Broke, whose
co-heiresses marrying Lord Mountjoy,
and Mr. Paulett (an ancestor of the
Bolton family), this borough came, on
Pop. 3546.
* The right of voting in this Borough, in reality, belongs to all the inhabitant
housekeepers; according to the acute researches of Mr. Browne Willis,
ST, MA
ST. M.I.
( 389 )
a division of the estates, to the latter,
by whom it was alienated.
“The Lord of the Manor of this place is
entitled to tithe on the pilchard fishery.
The voters are commonly fishermen,
and their suffrages are secured by per-
mitting them to enjoy the full benefit
of their labours until an election ap-
proaches. The lord then threatens the
enforcement of his right. If the poor
fisherman gives his vote as his lord
bids him, the claim is abandoned.”—
Spectator, Jan. 2, 1831.
A remarkable instance of bribery occurred
here in 1775. Samuel Stephens, Esq.
having petitioned the House, proved
by evidence that Praed, the father,
was the agent both for his own son
and for Mr. Drummond; and that the
money advanced by him to the voters,
on their notes-of-hand, payable with
interest at the Bank of Truro, were
only colourable loans; that they re-
ceived the money on condition that
they should vote for his son and a
friend; being given to understand
that, on this compliance, the payment
of their notes would never bedemanded;
also, that the petitioner would have had
40 more votes; but that he was deprived
of them by the persons who were ready
to give them, not being rated, although
every one of them had rateable pro-
perty. The consequence was, that Mr.
Praed was compelled to vacate his seat,
and afterwards sold the manor of St.
Ives to Sir Christopher Hawkins.
ST. MAWES, Borough of, Duchy
of Cornwall. 5th Eliz. 2 B ss.
GEoRGE-GRENVILLE-VANDIsroRT
PigoTT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Duddon Hall Park, Bucks.
SIR. Copa ING to N-EDMUND CAR-
RINGTon, Kt. 2d Parl
A Land Owner.
Late Chief Justice of Ceylon.
To. Res, 93, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Chalfont, St. Giles's, Bucks,
R. of E. In the mayor and resident bur-
gesses. -
N. of V. From 20 to 24, Pop. 68.
R. O. The Portreeve, appointed at the
Court-Leetofthelord of the Manor, viz.
E. I. The Duke of Buckingham.
This smallburgage-tenureBorough is only
one mile across a ferry from the town
of Falmouth, which contains a popu-
lation of more than 5000 persons; and
though it is a borough, and has a cor-
poration, sends no Members to Parlia-
ment; while St. Mawes, which consists
of only a row of fishermen's cottages
fronting the sea, and has no corpora-
tion, sends two representatives, who
are not chosen by the inhabitants, but
by the burgage-tenures, which are all
of them the property of the Duke of
Buckingham, who nominates both the
Members, by creating a few electors
for the day!
It is a standing joke in Cornwall, as this
Borough consists of only one row of
small houses, for persons to ask “on
which side of the street the MAYor
lives?” which demonstrates the strong
feeling of contempt entertained, even
by the people themselves, for these
rotten excrescences upon the constitu-
tion.

ST. MICHAEL, or MIDSHALL,
Borough of, Duchy of Cornwall.
6th Edw. VI.
THE Hon. LLoyd KENYon.
Rel. Eld. son of Baron Kenyon.
Joh N-HEY wooD HAwkINs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
R. of E. In a high lord, five deputy
lords, and the inhabitant householders,
paying scot and lot.
N. of V. 32. Pop. 128.
R. O. A Portreeve, appointed by the
High Lord at his Court-Leet from
the five Deputy Lords.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Falmouth
and Sir Christopher Hawkins, Bart.
father to one of the Members.
Although St. Michael never had the ho-
nour of having a corporation, Sir C.
Hawkins purchased his moiety of the
property from Sir Francis Basset (now
Lord de Dunstanville) for a large sum
of money.
Sir Arthur Wellesley (now Duke of
Wellington) was returned for this
Borough in 1807.
2 BSs.
SALTASH, Borough of Duchy of
Cornwall. 6th Edw. VI. 2 Bss,
SALT
SAND
( 390 )
THE EARL of DARLING Tox. 5th Par.
N. & S. Henry Vane.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 40, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Snettisham Hall, near Lynn.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess of
Cleveland: brother-in-law to Earl
Poulett; and brother to Lord W.-
G.-F, Poulett, M.P. for the Co. of
Durham. -
P. C. CRAM proN, Esq.
Offi. Solicitor-General for Ireland.
Res. Dublin.
It. of E. In the mayor, recorder, 6
aldermen, and 28 freeholders and free
members of the corporation; who are,
severally, the possessors of 36 burgage-
holds.
N. of V. 36.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by John Buller, Esq.
the proprietor of the above burgage-
holds, and of East and West Looe.
Parliamentary influence was an object of
legal contention in this Borough for
more than twenty years. The question
was, whether the right of election was
in the corporation, consisting of 28
members, or in the freeholders of an-
cient houses on their sites, held by
burgage-tenure. This question was
seven times contested at different elec-
tions between 1785 and 1807;-four
of the Committees, to whom the peti-
tions were referred, decided that the
right was in the Corporation ; and
three that it was in the burgage-hold-
ers. The final determination under the
amended Grenville Act was in favour
of the latter; the consequence of which
was, that since 1807, Mr. Buller, of
Morval,being the owner of the burgage-
holds, has been the sole proprietor of
the Borough; instead of the Admiralty,
who formerly held the patronage by
means of situations in Plymouth dock-
Pop. 1556.
yard, and other places under Govern-
ment. During these contests, Messrs.
Jenkinson and Amblem were returned
by the Corporation in 1785, and they
were declared to be duly elected by a
Committee. A vacancy happening,
however, in 1786, on Mr. Jenkinson
being created a Peer, the Earl of Mor,
nington (now Marquess Wellesley) was
returned by the corporation in his
room. A Mr. Lemon petitioned
against this return, in favour of the
right of the burgage-holders; and the
meat Committee decided that the Earl
was not elected; but that Mr. Lemon
was duly elected! Thus, two Mem-
bers were sitting in the House of
Commons, at the same time, for the
same Borough, upon the right of dif-
..ferent descriptions of electors, who had
both been deemed ineligible in the same
Parliament / Lord Grenville's Act,
which, from the time of its enactment,
made the last determination of a
Committee final, for each place, was
certainly wanting to put an end to
such monstrous anomalies. The above
lengthened contest (no doubt profitable
enough to the gentlemen of the long
robe), cost the disputants upwards of
100,000l. '
SANDWICH, a Borough and Cinque
Port, Kent. 42d Edw. III. 2 Barons.
Joseph MARYATT, Esq. 6th Parl.
Occ. A Banker and Merchant in
London; Ship-owner and West In-
dia Proprietor.
To. Res. 6, Richmond-terrace.
Co. Se. Wimbledon House, Surrey.
SAMUEL-GRove PRIce, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 9, Gray’s-inn-square.
R. of E. In the freemen, resident and
non-resident, except those who receive
alms”.
* The freedom is obtained by birthright, apprenticeship, and by marrying the
widow or daughter of a freeman.
An attempt was made, March 22, 1620, to limit
the right of voting to the mayor and twelve jurats only; as we find by the Journals.
“By order of Lord Cobham Warden, confirmed after, by the Lords of the Council,
the mayor and jurats only to make elections.
The Commons thereupon dcbarred
from giving their voices in the election, with threatening of imprisonment.”
“Sir Robert Hatton, chose by the mayor and jurats only, not by the commons.”
“Sir Edward Sandsfall chose by all.”
“The Committee held the election of Sir Robert Hatton void.”
SAND ( 391
) SARU
N. of V. About 700, of whom 450 are
non-resident. Pop. 2950.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed usually by the Ad-
miralty, from the influence of innu-
merable places.
Shovell, in which it was threatened,
“ that all the seamen, who would not
vote for Mr. Brent, should be pressed!”
—Ricksey and others were present, and
some seamen were scared out of the
town by it.”
From the number of its electors, how- || Notwithstanding that this infamous cor-
ever, this Cinque Port has, since 1784,
on some occasions, exhibited symptoms
of independence. In that year Sir
Horace Mann was chosen in opposition
to the government candidate, Lord
Parker.
The late Sir Philip Stevens, Secretary to
the Admiralty, represented this town
in eight successive Parliaments, for a
period of more than forty years. The
voters were bound to him by every tie
of gratitude, as there was scarcely a
single family connected with Sandwich,
ruption and intimidation was fully
proved, the learned Sergeant got
nothing by his petition; the House
resolving “That Edward Brent and
John Taylor, Esqrs. are duly elected l’”
The members belonging to this Cinque
Port are, Deal; Walmer; Fordwich,
near Canterbury; Ramsgate and Serre,
in the Isle of Thanet: Stonar, opposite
to Sandwich; and Brightlingsey, in
Essex.
SARUM (NEW), or SALISBURY,
which was not provided for by him City of, Wiltshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
in the Admiralty, navy, or marines.—
But the system of thus conciliating
the favour of the electors of Sandwich
is of a still older date. In 1695, Mr.
Sergeant Thurbarn petitioned against
the return of Edward Brent and John
Taylor, Esqs., and produced evidence
that the votes for them “had been
WADHAM WYND HAM, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Clarendon Hotel, 169, New
Bond-street.
Prov. Res. The College, Salisbury.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this
City.

gained by ill practices;” of which the THE Hon. DUN.com BE PLEY DELL-
following was a specimen:—
Ralph Goodchild said, “about a month
before the election, at the desire of some
of Mr. Taylor's friends, he went to
Mr. Taylor's house, with an account of
what men they thought would engage
Bouv ERIE. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Captain in the R. Navy.
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Radnor; and
to the Hon. P. P. Bouverie, M.P.
for Cockermouth.

R. of E. In th ation, consisti
for him; and that Mr. T. said to t. of n the Corporation, consisting
him (Messrs. Paramour, Mandy, and
Gregg, being by), that he heard some
got places of profit by being Parlia-
ment men ; and that if the town chose
him, and he got a place of 1000l. or
1500l. a-year, as he hoped he should,
he would give the half to the corpora-
tion, and 201. a year to the poor, and
of a mayor, recorder, 23 aldermen, and
30 common-councilmen.
N. of V. 54. Pop. 9160.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Earl of Radnor is High
Steward; but Mr. Wyndham has a
moiety of the influence.
give the corporation a treat, on the day SARUM, OLD, Borough of, Wiltshire.
he was chosen, yearly; and Mr. Cricket 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
said, he would give his bond, that
Mr. Taylor should expend 40l. or 50l.
yearly upon the town; that Mr. T.
bid him speak of it; and he did ac-
cordingly make use of it to persuade
several to vote for Mr. T., and said,
he believes he saw bills of charges of
300l. on Mr. T.’s account; and that
Mr. Cricket was Mr. Taylor's agent.
“Clarke, Jenkinson, and Stone, said, that
a letter was read from Sir Cloudesley
JAMES AL ExANDER, Esq. 6th Parl.
Occ. East India Agent and Proprietor.
Offi. Vice-President of the Royal
Asiatic Society.
To. Res., 12, Devonshire-street, and
9, Carlton House-terrace.
Co.. Se. Somerhill, Tonbridge-town,
Kent.
Rel, Cousin to the Earl of Caledon,
I. P.; father to the other repre:
sentative, viz.:
SARU
) SCAR
( 392
Josias DUPRE ALExANDER, Esq.
3d Parl.
Offi. An East India Director.
To. Res. 7, Grosvenor-square.
R. of E. In the freeholders, who are
burgage-holders of the Borough, but
non-resident.
N. of V. 7! Pop. None !
R. O. A Bailiff appointed at the
Court-Leet of the Lord of the Manor,
VIZ.
L. I. The Earl of Caledon.
When Governor Pitt returned from the
East Indies, he purchased the whole
manor, which is very small, for less
than two thousand pounds, and it was
sold by his descendant, the late Lord
Camelford, for nearly £40,000. Lord
Caledon gave £70,000 for it. The
land and manorial rights produce
about 2700 per annum. The Bo-
rough of Old Sarum retains only
the vestige of a house !! — The
late Lord Camelford, of eccentric
memory, threatened to send his foot-
man into the House of Commons
to represent him in Parliament; in-
tending thereby to exhibit to the
world the vice and impudent frauds
practised under the close borough sy-
Stem.
The representation of Old Sarum is
literally that of a thorn-bush, for here
are neither houses, inhabitants, nor
any thing but a name. It seems to
retain the name of a Borough, for the
purpose of ridicule only. To see a
spot of ground, because it was for-
merly inhabited, possess municipal
rights, have a nominal bailiff and
burgesses, and return two Members
to Parliament, who are called the
virtual representatives of the nation;
while Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds,
and the most populous towns are
unrepresented, is an absurdity so
glaring, as to render animadversion
useless.-If we are to be contented
with a virtual representation, the go-
vernment ought to be satisfied with
virtual tawation; for it is the first
principle of our constitution, that re-
presentation and taxation are insepa-
rable.
The celebrated philologist, John Horne
Tooke, represented this place for some
time.
SCARBOROUGH, Yorkshire.
26th Edw. I. 2 B ss.
THE RT. Hon. CHARI.Es-MANNERs
SUT Ton, 7th Parl.
Offi. Speaker of the Honourable the
House of Commons.
A Privy Councillor.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
Registrar of the Faculty Office.
To. Res. St. Stephen's Court, New
Palace-yard.
Co. Se. Mistley Hall, Manning-tree,
Essex.
Rel, Nephew to Baron Manners: 2d
cousin to the Duke of Rutland; and
to Lord Robert-William Manners,
M.P. for Leicestershire: 3d cousin
to Baron Forester: son to the late
Archbishop of Canterbury.
THE Ho N. EDMUND PHIPPs. 10th Par.
Offi. Clerk of the Deliveries of the
Ordnance.
A General in the Army, and
A Colonel-Commandant of the 60th
Regiment of Foot.
To. Res. 64, Mount-street, Grosvenor-
square.
Rel. Uncle to the Earl of Mulgrave.
R. of E. In the corporation or common
council, which is self-elected; con-
sisting of 2 bailiffs, 2 coroners, 4 cham-
berlains, and 36 burgesses.
N. of V. 44, of whom 13 are incapaci-
tated by age, by distance, and by
having places, from voting. Pop. 8750.
R. O. The-ºwo Bailiffs.
E. I. Exercised by the Duke of Rutland
and the Earl of Mulgrave, in whose
families the patronage has existed for
nearly 70 years.

On one occasion, £1000 were given in this
Borough for a single vote,to aperson who
was cunning enough to hold back until
the price grew high. At later periods,
custom-house and excise places, com-
missions in the army and navy, and
even church-preferments have been the
considerations. But these good things
are now gone, and it is said the Mem-
bers are chosen by the Corporation on
their respective merits.

SEAFORD, a Borough, and Cinque
Port, Sussea. As a Borough, 26th
Edw. I, ; as a Port, 30th Hen. VIII.
2 Barons.
SEAF
SEAF
( 393 )
John FITzGERALD, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 39, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Seaford Lodge, Sussex; and
Wherstead Lodge, Ipswich.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this Bo-
rough.
2d Parl.
Lyons, Esq.
(Apetition having been presented to the
House against the return of THE
Hon. AUGUSTU's - FREDER1CK
ELL1s (2d son of Baron Seaford:
bro. to Baron Howard de Walden],
the Committee appointed to try the
merits of the case decided that Mr.
Ellis was not, but that Mr. Lyons,
the petitioner, was duly elected.)
R. of E. Not only in the bailiff, jurats,
and freemen, but in the populacy also,
viz., the inhabitant housekeepers, pay-
ing scot and lot".
success until 1786. A Mr. Alves,
and a Mr. Harben, had by this time
insinuated themselves into the manage-
ment : the first, being on his own ac-
count, was soon obliged to give it up;
his supporters having been out-bribed
by the other party. Harben had per-
fidiously taken the Treasury manage-
ment out of Harrison's hands, and re-
tained it until his death; when his son
sold it to the Hon. Mr. Bowes, brother
to the Earl of Strathmore; who, being
unsuccessful in 1812, in his petition
against the bribery of his opponents,
resold it to Mr. Pindar, first clerk in
the house of Cox and Greenwood, the
army agents; and from him this moiety
descended into the hands of Mr. Fitz-
gerald. The other moiety (nearly half
the houses in the Borough) was sold
in 1792 by Mr. Pelham (who had joined
the ministry) to Charles Rose Ellis,



N. of V. From 98 to 100. Pop. 1075.
R. O. The Bailiff.
E. I. Exercised by Mr. Fitzgerald and
now Baron Seaford. In the mean time
Mr. Leach, the counsellor (now Sir John
Baron Seaford: the latter, as Charles
Rose Ellis, Esq. was long the leader
of the West India party.
This was a Treasury Borough until 1782,
and cost the country 9000l. a year in
places and pensions while it continued
to return Treasury Members; but the
right of voting being extended, in 1786,
to all the inhabitants payingscot andlot,
and the corporation (consisting mostly
of non-resident freemen) having been
determined, in 1792, tº have no right
of voting except they be resident, the
Treasury interest became annihilated.
The influence under the Treasury was
exercised for nearly two centuries by
the family of Thomas, of West-Dean,
near this place, whose title became ex-
tinct for want of male heirs. The
estate, with the patronage, descended
to the late Mr. Harrison, of Sutton-
place, and from him to his son, Laun-
celot Harrison, Esq. In 1774, Mr.
Pelham, afterwards Earl of Chichester,
whose father had owned the tithes and
about half the landed property in the
Borough, attempted to revive the poli-
tical interest of his family, which had
been neglected ever since the death of
the Duke of Newcastle; but with no
Leach, Master of the Rolls), having
taken up his residence in Seaford, soon
obtained the political interest of the
Borough, and procured the return of
both Members in the short Parliament
of 1806, and in the succeeding one of
1807, in opposition to Mr. Ellis; with
whom, however, he soon after coa-
lesced; each agreeing to return one
Member. In 1818, Sir John sold his
interest to George - Watson Taylor,
Esq. We have been thus particular
in our account of the changes in the
patronage of Seaford, in order to show,
from such frequent alterations, what a
good thing Borough property must be,
when well managed. The contrary will
be seen in the case of Shaftesbury.
But, in the present instance, we must
not forget to record a few of those venal
and perfidious tricks, for which this
Borough has been so famous. It was
at the election of 1761, that the distinc-
tion between populacy and taa-payers,
which has since been the subject of so
much expense and litigation, took
place. On this occasion, the House
being prevented by the 2d of Geo. II.
from altering the right of election,
contented themselves with explaining
it away, by resolving that the word

* This right was confirmed by several resolutions since 1761, with the addition
in 1792, that those only of the freemen and corporation who are resident shall vote.
3 E
SEAF
SEAF
( 394 )
populacy meant inhabitant-housekeep-
ers paying scot and lot.
From this period until 1786, the practice
of taxing only the revenue officers, and
four or five other individuals, who were
sure to obey the word of command,
prevailed, to the exclusion of all the
other inhabitants. Petitions against
this arbitrary exclusion were presented
in 1774 and 1780, but were not at-
tended with success; the committees
not choosing to admit the rateability of
men, whom the Seaford magistrates, in
their high sense of justice, had deemed
ineligible.
In 1785, no less than 26 candidates of.
fered their services to this immaculate
Borough; and the number of electors
being only 24, by the above mode of
magisterial limitation, the whole town
could not have supplied a single vote
to each, had the would-be members
persevered in the contest, to the end of
the poll. One of these candidates was
the Right Hon. Henry Flood, who was
desirous of representing the inhabitant-
householders, whose names had been
omitted in the poor-rate, for nearly 30
years, on purpose to exclude them from
the exercise of their franchise. Among
the persons whom the overseers of the
poor had placed in their legal descrip-
tion of paupers, by charitably disbur-
thening them of their taxes, were the
vicar of the parish, and 14 county
..freeholders; besides others, who could
afford and actually had, at the time,
lent money to some of the parish offi-
cers, and even to one of the magistrates
who allowed the rates |
These non-rated inhabitants commenced
their claim to redress, by appealing to
the quarter-sessions of the borough, on
the ground of being excluded to an-
swer election purposes. This appeal,
however, appeared not to have been
lodged at the sessions next ensuing the
making of the rate, as the law directs,
and the magistrates availed themselves
of that pretence to dismiss it !
The overseers took care to prevent a
second appeal, by maintaining the
poor themselves, and making no rate,
till the election, which was sus-
pended for a year by a petition then
before the House. This petition being
at length heard in March, 1785, the
previous election was declared void,
and a new writ issued. On the day of
the next election, no less than seven
candidates appeared on the hustings;
but the returning officers behaved in
the most shameful manner, by reject-
ing every vote for Mr. Flood and his
colleague, curtailing those of the other
candidates, and returning the Treasury
nominees. Four petitions, presented
against this return, were tried in Feb.
1786; and in consequence of equality
of numbers (from alleged informality
in lodging the appeal for the rates, as
above mentioned), this second election
was declared void.


The non-rated inhabitants or voters in
the interest of Mr. Flood having had
a second opportunity of appealing to
the Seaford sessions against the poor
rate (a new one being made the instant
the last election was concluded, and
the overseers, not expecting that the
petitions against it would occasion a
second void election), were now in a
situation to prove their rateability be-
fore a committee of the House of Com-
mons; and nineteen of that descrip-
tion being in a state of opulence much
superior to the majority of the tax-
payers, Mr. Flood's success was placed
beyond the possibility of doubt. At
the election, however, the returning
officer again struck off all such votes as
did not appear on the poor rate (al-
though that rate had been rejected by
the committee as a corrupt one); and
made his return to Parliament accord-
ingly. -
These proceedings were too flagrant to
meet the eye of a committee of the
House of Commons; therefore, the
petition of Mr. Flood and Sir Godfrey
Webster being presented to the House,
and the day of hearing arrived, the
counsel for the sitting members in-
formed the committee, that their cli-
ents, being sensible that the petitioners
had a majority of legal votes, would
give them no further trouble! Thus
was the cause of independence, in this
little Borough, triumphant, atlast, over
the most unprecedented oppression,--
in opposition to the influence of the
Treasury, to a family or junta of jurats,
and to the united exertions of 17 sine-
cure placemen, pensioned on purpose
to support the cause of injustice.

The system of politics in this place now
took an entire change; the whole of
Mr. Flood's friends, together with the
SEAF ( 3
-
) SEAF
95
other inhabitants, who had taken no
part in the election, were put upon the
poor rates, and Mr. Harrison (who had
for thirty years enjoyed the confidence
of government, and been the acknow-
ledged patron of the borough), from the
ill success that attended his late ma-
nagement, or from a determination to
introduce a manager of less scruple
into the dashing concerns of the party,
was treated with coolness by the Trea-
sury; but as he still retained the ab-
solute command of the corporation,
which consisted of a bailiff, 3 jurats,
and 17 freemen, matters were not yet
quite ripe for openly insulting and dis-
missing him.
Mr. Harben, the hero of these political
myrmidons, had therefore time to in-
veigle himself into the confidence of
Mr. Harrison, and by an offer, ap-
parently liberal, of undertaking to be
at the expense of reinstating Harrison's
influence, on being permitted to share
with him in the advantages attached to
it, he obtained the purchase of several
acres of land within the Borough, from
Mr. Harrison’s estate, on which he
soon erected a stately mansion ; and,
having once got an establishment within
the limits of its privileges, his next ad-
vance was upon the corporation.—
Having manoeuvred himself into the
freedom of the Port, he soon com-
menced open hostilities on poor Har-
rison ; and the first act of his reign
(for he now became the avowed
and ostensible agent of government)
was to procure his dismissal from the
sinecure places of Supervisor of the
riding officers and Captain of the
custom-house boat, worth together
270l. per annum; the first of which
he disposed of to Chambers, the late
returning officer, and the other he kept
open for the most hungry of the op-
posite party to bite at-Nor was he
by any means negligent of his own
interest, having procured the Excise
of the eastern part of the county to be
B
paid into his hands, in its passage to
the Treasury (an object of no little
importance to a country banker), and
obtained the place of receiver-general
of the stamp duties for Sussex, worth
600l. per annum, for his eldest son;
and that of warehouse-keeper of the
stamp office in London, with a salary
of 200l. per annum, for his second
son, which he was allowed to hold as
a sinecure, and to continue his re-
sidence at Lewes '

From that period, this insignificant little
place exhibited the most disgusting
scenes of profligacy in all their shades
of deformity. Mr. Harrison had the
merit of managing the government
influence, without persecution ; but
now scarcely a session, assize, or term
passed, without indictments for as-
saults, informations against pretended
riots, in which the prosecutors were
always the aggressors; indictments
for perjury, robbery, and every crime
which malicious ingenuity could give
a colourable pretence of instigating.
The expense and ruin brought on
individuals by these means are incon-
ceivable, independent of the disgrace
and misery that the most innocent
suffered from the infamy of such pro-
ceedings.


One mode by which this reckless borough
agent managed the voters of Seaford,
was by lending them sums of 50l. and
upwards, upon their bonds, and while
they continued obsequious to their dic-
tator, neither principal nor interest was
demanded; but the moment any one
of these unfortunate men presumed to
exercise a will of his own, the bond
was exacted with unexampled rigour.
Another engine of influence was the
number of custom-house and sinecure
places, now in his gift, amounting to
more than 3000l. a year; of which the
returning officer, and the overseers who
had the fixing of the rates, had each
** a lion’s share *.”
eing still unable to draw over a ma-
* The reader will naturally imagine, from the number of tide-waiters, boat-
men, &c. who reside here, that there must be a harbour commodious for shipping ;
that the imports and exports must be great, and the revenues arising from them to
Government proportionable thereto; but so far is this from being the case, that the
only business done here throughout the whole year is the discharging of one solitary
cargo of coals (–Newhaven, which is a considerable port, where much business is
done, with a third part of the number of officers, is only four miles distant from

SEAF
SEAF
( 396 )
jority of the electors to his side, Ma-
nager Harben had recourse to a new
expedient, which was not only con-
trary to the charter of the Borough,
but also to its custom, practice, and
constitution: this was the creation of
19 non-resident freemen; which he
was weak enough to believe would in-
vest them with the rights of election.
A meeting of the corporation was ac-
cordingly convened at an alehouse;
when the strangers were admitted to
their freedom; and by way of amend-
ment 4 more were added (in all 23),
viz. the Duke of Richmond, the Rt.
Hon. William Pitt, John Young, a
jack-ass driver, and William Cham-
bers, brother to one of the jurats!
But, the manager still deeming himself
insecure, resorted to another notable
expedient. There were 27 persons in
his employment, as diggers of chalk,
at the sum of 8s. per week, each: these
he had brought into the Borough, and
a new poor rate being made, he had
each of them taxed for such houses as
were occupied by widows, or custom-
house officers, who, by Mr. Crewe's
Bill, could not vote: one was even
rated as the proprietor of the poor-house
of the parish / These 27 chalk-diggers,
with the 23 non-resident freemen (in-
cluding Mr. Pitt and the ass-driver),
making together 50 surreptitious votes,
amounted to more than half of the
whole number of real electors in the
Borough; and if a returning officer
could be found hardy enough to admit
such persons to poll, little doubt was
entertained that the conspirators would
succeed at the ensuing election; as far,
at least, as obtaining the return.
The dissolution of Parliament in 1789
happening, however, to take place 17
days before the 6 months' residence of
the chalk-diggers was completed (as
required by the statute of 26th Geo.
III.), the Treasury junta found them-
selves involved in a dilemma: but
their craft soon extricated them. The
º
returning officer was not compelled by
law to proceed to the election till the
8th day after proclamation; which
happening to be Saturday, an adjourn-
ment of course took place till Monday.
This manoeuvre carried them over to
the 10th day, when it was agreed to
dispose of the remaining 7 in the fol-
lowing manner:—the candidates were
to insist on the sia oaths required by
the statute to be administered to each
voter, viz. the Oath of Allegiance: the
Oath of Supremacy: the Declaration
of Test: the Oath of Abjuration: the
Oath of Residence: and the Bribery
Oath. The administration of these
oaths would of course take up half an
hour for each individual. The candi-
dates and counsel were to object to every
voter, objectionable or not, and to make
a speech of half an hour each, on his
ineligibility: which mode would oc-
cupy an hour and a half more upon
each vote, separately. Under these ob-
stacles, it was deemed impossible to
poll more than four votes a day, till
the 7 days were expired; at which
time the seven and twenty chalk-
diggers might be brought forward, and
polled, as having completed their six
months’ residence.
This plan was actually put in practice,
and the ridiculous and disgraceful
farce was absolutely played off for the
whole seven days'—The scene ex-
hibited Candidates speaking against
time, Counsellors pleading against
law, Clergymen alſuring popery; and
the immaculate electors of Seaford
purging themselves of bribery and
corruption / 1 -
The seven days being at last got over b
this management, the chalk-diggers
were brought forward on the 8th day,
and every one of them received as good
votes, by the conscientious returning
officer!—Of the 14 voters who were
rejected, nine were housekeepers, who
had lived several years in the Borough,
but whose political sentiments not cor-



hence; a convincing proof that these vermin are suffered to feed on the earnings of
the laborious part of the public, only because their influence may have some weight
at elections. The patronage of the custom-house at Newhaven, on account of its
vicinity, is added as an appendage to the Treasury agent of this place.
The revenue offices of Rotten Dean, East Dean, and the custom-house of East
Bourne, are also supplied with placemen from amongst the electors of Seaford.—
Oldfield.
SELK ( 397 ) SELEC

responding with those of the parish
officers, they had not been assessed to
the poor rate, though they had fre-
quently appealed to the Seaford sessions
to be admitted to pay their taxes; and
five for not having their names marked
in the poor-book, as having paid the
last rate, one of whom was a gentle-
man possessing property worth at least
1000l. per annum, and who had been
a housekeeper in the place 26 years.—
A petition was of course presented to
Parliament, on its meeting, complain-
ing of the gross partiality of the re-
turning officer, but it did not come to
a hearing till March, 1792 when the
23 non-resident freemen (including of
course “the Pilot that weathered the
Storm,” His Grace of Richmond, and
the donkey-driver) and the 27 chalk-
diggers were all declared bad votes,
and ordered to be struck from the
poll; without subjecting the peti-
tioners to the trouble of examining a
single witness It also appeared that
the above-mentioned appeals of those
who wished to pay their rates had been
neglected to be entered, by the at-
torney employed, on the record of the
sessions; for which service he had
received a bribe of 500l. :-but the
Committee refused to hear evidence to
prove their rateability —The report
to the House was, that Sargent, one of
the Treasury Members, and Tarleton,
one of the petitioners,were duly elected;
thereby excluding Sir Godfrey Webster
and Mr. Joddrel.-At the same time
they reported specially, “That the
right of election for the Port and Bo-
rough of Seaford is in the inhabitant-
housekeepers, paying scot and lot,
and in them only.”
By this last resolution, the corporation
(unless resident) whom Harben had
with so much difficulty and expense
attached to his interest, were entirely
shut out from all election rights within
the Borough of Seaford, and the pri-
vilege was vested where the con-
stitution originally placed it, viz. in
theinhabitant housekeepers paying scot
and lot.
SELKIRKSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
ALEXANDER PRINGLE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
Co. Se. Whitebank, in this County.
N. of V. Real, 25; Nominal, 13:-
Total, 38. Pop. 6270.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Buc-
cleugh and Queensberry.
SELKIRK, PEEBLES, LIN-
LITHGOW, and LANARK, a Dis-
trict of Scottish Boroughs.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
HENRY MonTEITH, Esq. 3d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant.
Co. Se. Carstairs, Lanarkshire.
R. of E. In 94 Town-Councilmen of the
several Boroughs, who elect delegates
to vote for the Member,
N. of V. 4! Pop. 14,950.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Buc-
cleugh and Queensberry.
SHAFTESBURY, Borough of,
Dorsetshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 B ss.
EDwARD PENRHYN, Esq.
A Land Owner.
WILLIAM STRATFord DU GDALE,
Esq.
A Land Owner.
Rel. Son to D.-S. Dugdale, Esq. M.P.
for Warwickshire: cousin to Earl
Howe.
R. of E. In the mayor, burgesses, and
inhabitants, paying scot and lot.
N. of W. About 300. Pop. 2920.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. This Borough was for many years
under the influence of persons return-
ing with fortunes from India, who bribed
the electors to their hearts' content.
It now belongs to Earl Grosvenor. The
Earl appears to be acting a most severe
and impolitic part in this Borough.
Since the election, he has served no-
tices to quit on 33 of his tenants, who
did not vote as they were expected, and
he is daily increasing the number, by
small degrees, to prevent any sudden
effervescence of feeling. Of the 33
tenants who have already been served,
17 gave plumpers for the independent
party; nine gave one for the landlord's
nominee, and one for the independent
candidate; five gave plumpers to the
patron’s own nominee, and two tenants
are to be ejected for not having voted
at all! These proceedings have pro-
SHAF
SHAF
( 398 )

duced a great degree of excitement in
Shaftesbury, where a reform meeting
has been held, for the purpose of
making the facts of this noble peer's
“patronage” known to the government
and to both houses of parliament; and
also for the purpose of petitioning for
the extension of the elective franchise
to the adjoining hundred, or for the
vote by ballot, as the only effectual
protection which can be afforded to the
electors.
On occasion of a petition from Hans
Winthrop Mortimer, Esq. against the
Members who were returned for this
Borough in 1774, viz. Sir Thomas
Rumbold and Sir Francis Sykes,
evidence was given, that money, to
the amount of several thousand pounds,
had been divided among the voters, in
sums of 20 guineas a man; and that
the persons who were intrusted with
the disbursement of this money, and
who were chiefly the magistrates of the
town, devised very singular and ab-
surd contrivances, in hope of being
thus able to conceal through what
channel it was conveyed to the electors.
A person concealed under a ludicrous
and fantastical disguise, and called by
the name of Punch, was placed in a
small apartment, and through a hole
in the door delivered to the voters
parcels, containing 20 guineas each:
upon which they were conducted to
another apartment in the same house,
where they found another person called
Punch's secretary, who required them
to sign notes for the money received:
these notes were made payable to an
imaginary character, to whom was
given the name of Glenbucket.—Two
of the witnesses swore that they had
seen Punch through a hole in the
door, and that they knew him to be
Mr. Matthews, an alderman of the
town, and agent for the sitting Mem-
bers.
A majority of the houses in Shaftesbury
belonged to Mr. Mortimer at this
time; but, although he possessed a
fortune of 6000l. a year, and had
30,000l. besides in ready money, his
election contests in this Borough, and
the petitions and lawsuits arising out
of them, were the cause of his total
ruin. In return for his services in re-
presenting this rotten Borough, during
three parliaments, he was deprived of
every guinea he had in the world, and
confined a long time within the walls
of the Fleet Prison 1—Thus we see
that although boroughmongers make
a good thing generally of the kind of
property they traffic in, there have
been some of these worthies who have
sadly burned their fingers.-The re-
mainder of this precious Member-of-
parliament-manufactory, consisting of
120 houses, at a rental of 1200l. a
year, had been purchased by a London
attorney, named Bryant ; but this
boroughmonger, also, going beyond
his latitude, his affairs became de-
ranged, and the whole burrow of cor-
ruptionists was put up to sale, and pur-
chased by the notorious Paul Benfield,
from Bengal, for 35,000l.; a sum less
than one third of its original cost. Mr.
enfield continued to return the two
Members for Shaftesbury until his
bankruptcy; but never without strong
opposition, which of course made his
purchase rather expensive. It was this
apostle of Oriental despotism whom
Burke accused of introducing into the
House of Commons eight repre-
sentatives of the Nabob of Arcot,
from four of his rotten Boroughs;
saying, that “the Honourable Gentle-
man had introduced seven other spirits,
more evil if possible than himself!”
On the bankruptcy of Benfield, Boyd,
and Co., Sir Mark Wood, another
dealer in parliamentary wares, became
the purchaser; but having offended
the town, and a part of his purchase
being still under litigation, Messiter,
an attorney of the Borough, defeated
the new proprietor at the election of
1802, by procuring the return of two
gentlemen in opposition to his nomi-
nees; the majority against the latter
being as 2 to 1. Other contests fol.
lowing, Sir Mark found that he had
gained a loss; so, in Feb. 1808, he
palmed his precious bargain off upon
Sir John Nicholl, and his nephew, Ro-
bert Dynely, Esq. for 50,000l. Sir
John, however, soon got his neck out of
the noose, and Mr. Dynely dying, his
brother, John, became Boroughmonger
of Shaftesbury.
In 1812, Messiter, the above-mentioned
attorney, succeeded in procuring the
return of his own friends, Robson and
Gurney, in opposition to those of the
SHAF
SHOR
( 399 )
proprietor; but the latter, viz. the pre-
sent Sir Charles Wetherell, and Sir
Edward Kerrison, having petitioned
the House, had them ousted, and took
possession of their seats; by admitting
the names of a few voters on their side,
who had been refused the poll by the
returning officer, on account of not
having paid the last poor-rate, by which
the poll was taken. This decision is at
variance with that in the case of Sea-
ford, and with all others that we have
met with, except one solitary instance;
but it shows what an uncertain thing
Borough property is, after all, except
in the hands of a Peer.
Mr. John Dynely now acted the part of
a wise man, by looking out for a cus-
tomer for his Borough ; but he first
purchased Messiter's interest,--as the
Jews of Monmouth-street furbish up
their old clothes, before they attempt to
pass them off as new. At length he
sold the whole concern, with all its
imperfections of title, &c. upon its
head, to the Earl of Roseberry, for
50,000l. From his lordship it de-
scended to the present noble proprie-
tor; and the market price of the votes
is still 20 guineas.-Here end, for the
Sussex.
HENRY HowARD, Esq.
SHOREHAM (NEW), Borough of,
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR CHARLEs-MERRICK BURRELL,
Bart.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 5, Richmond-terrace, White-
hall.
Co. Se.
Sussex.
Rel. Bro. to the late Walter Burrell,
Esq., M.P. for Sussex: son-in-law
of the Earl of Egremont.
7th Parl.
Knepp Castle, Horsham,
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Aldingbourn, Sussex.
Rel. Nephew to the Duke of Norfolk:
cousin to the Earl of Surrey, M.P.
for Horsham.

R. of E. Was formerly in the freemen

of this Borough only; but, in conse-
quence of gross bribery and corrup-
tion on the part of the Christian Club
in 1771, 81 of those gentry were dis-
franchised by Act of Parliament, and
the right of election at the same time
was extended to all the freeholders of
forty shillings per annum, of the rape
or hundred of Bramber, one of the six
divisions of the County of Sussex, in
which New Shoreham is situated *.
present, the “ryghte merrye” adven-
tures of a Rotten Borough.
* The returning officer had on the above occasion returned a candidate with only
37 votes, in prejudice to another who had 87; of which he had queried 76; and
made his return without examining the validity of the votes he had so queried.
It appeared by his defence before the Committee, that a majority of freemen of
this Borough had formed themselves into a society, under the name of the Christian
Club; who, under the sanction of piety and religion, and the cover of occasional acts
of charity, had profaned that sacred name, by making it a veil for covering a traffic
of their oaths and consciences, and setting up their Borough for sale to the highest
bidder;-while the rest of the freemen were deprived of every legal benefit from
their votes!—The members were bound to secrecy, and to each other, by oaths,
writings, bonds with large penalties, and all the ties that could strengthen their
compact; and they carried on this traffic by means of a select committee, who,
under the pretext of scruples of conscience, never appeared or voted at any elections
themselves; but who, notwithstanding, having sold the Borough, and received the
stipulated price, gave directions to the others how to vote. By this complicated
evasion, the employers and their agents, having fully satisfied their consciences,
shared the money as soon as the election was over, without any scruple!—The re-
turning officer, himself, had belonged to this society, but having taken some disgust
to his associates, he quitted it. The majority of voters whom he objected to, he said,
were persons of whose corruption he had experimental knowledge; besides which,
several improper acts had come within his knowledge, as a magistrate, upon the late
election; particularly an affidavit that a very considerable sum of money had been
distributed among them. Upon these grounds, though they had the hardihood to
take the oath against bribery and corruption (!) he looked upon them as disqualified;
and having, besides, taken the opinion of counsel, which it seems coincided with




SHRE
SLIG
( 400 )

N. of V. About 1350.
Pop. of the Borough 1076.
E. I. The Duke of Norfolk and the Earl
of Egremont.
SHREWSBURY, Borough of,
Shropshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
RICHARD JENKINs, Esq.
An East India Proprietor.
Late Political Agent for the East
India Company at one of the Mah-
ratta Courts.
To. Res. 19, Upper Harley-street.
RoRERT AGLIon BY SLANEY, Esq.
2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 16, Tavistock-square.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
burgesses.
N. of W. About 1300.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. ſ. In the Corporation.
Large sums have been expended on elec-
tions for this Borough, which has more
than once been overhauled for cor-
ruption. On one occasion (in 1796)
the candidates (viz. the brothers of
Lord Berwick and Sir Richard Hill,
of Hawkestone) were minus upwards
of 100,000l.
Pop. 20,150.
SHROPSHIRE (or SALOP).
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
SIR. Rowland HILL, Bart. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Hawkestone, Shropshire.
Rel. Nephew to Baron Hill.
John CREsset T PELHAM, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. Warren’s Hotel, 1, Regent-
street.
C. Se. Cound Hall, Shropshire, and
the Castle, Shrewsbury, in the same
County. -
Pop. 209,230.
The noblemen who have the largest
estates in this County are the Mar-
quesses of Stafford and Cleveland, and
the Earl of Powis.
Shropshire and its five Boroughs return
twelve Members to the Commons
House of Parliament.
SLIGOSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
THE HoN. HENRY KING, c.B. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. A Major-Gen. in the Army.
A Groom of the King's Bedchamber.
To Res., 8, Upper Portland-place.
Co., Se. Farmhill, Sligoshire.
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Kingston, R.
I. P. ; uncle to the Hon. Robert
King, M.P. for Corkshire.
EDWARD-SYNgE Cooper, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
Qft. A Governor of the County.
To Res. 58, Upper Seymour-street.
Co. Se. Markree Castle, Sligoshire.
E. I. The Earl of Kingston, and Mr.
Cooper, one of the Members,
SLIGO. Borough of S.shire, Ireland.
A. U. 41 Geo. III. 1 Bs.
Jon N. WYNNE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Governor, and Custos Rotu-
lorum of Sligoshire.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Ma-
nufacture.
To. Res. 89, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se: Hazlewood, Sligoshire.
Rel, Fa-in-law to the Earl of Car-
rick, I.P.
Parl. Pat. The Member for this Bo-
rough.
R. of E. In the self-elected burgesses.
N. of V. 13.
E. J. Belongs to John Wynne, Esq.,
the Member, and to Baron Headley.
his own, he returned the candidates who had the smaller number of votes, as they

were free from such objections.
Upon these principles, and his not acting intentionally wrong, the officer rested
his plea of justification for the illegality of his conduct.
But as the assumption of
such an act of power by a returning officer, upon whatever principle it was fºunded,
would have been a precedent of the most dangerous tendency, he was taken into
custody.
In consideration of the circumstances in his favour, however, and of his
bringing so infamous a combination to light, he was discharged, after receiving a
reprimand upon his knees, from the Speaker, in the presence of the House.
SOME ( 401 ) SOUT
SOMERSETSHIRE, SOUTHAMPTON, Borough of,
18th Edw. III. 2 Kls. Hants. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
William Dickinson, Esq. 10th Parl. ABEL-Rous Dott is, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner. A Land Owner. -
A West India Proprietor. A West India Proprietor.
To, Res. 8, Upper-Harley-street. To. Res. 31, Argyle-street.
Co. Se. Kings-Weston, near Somer- Co. Se. Bugle Hall, near Southampton.

ton, Somerset. JAMEs-BARLow Hoy, Esq. 2d Parl.
Edward-AvsHFordSANDFord, Esq. A Land Owner.
A Land Owner. To. Res. 27, Grosvenor-street.
To. Res. 41, Grosvenor-street. Co. Se, Midenbury, near Southamp-
Co. Se. Nynehead, in this County. ton.
Pop. 358,620. R. of E. In the burgesses, whether with-
The freeholders of this County have held out or within the precincts of the Bo-
out to all the people of England an rough; and all the inhabitants paying
example worthy of imitation. At a scot and lot.
former county meeting, convened for N. of W. About 800, of whom 72 .
the purpose of nominating the Mem- out-living burgesses. º?" -
bers, previously to the day of election, R. 9. The Mayor and two Bailiffs.
they resolved and agreed unanimously E. I. In the Corporation.
not to give their votes either to the
brother or son of a Peer of the realm, -
nor to any candidate supported by such SOUTHWARK, Borough of", Sur-
an interest:-to such resolution they | ** 23d Edzw. I. 2 Bss.
seem to have adhered ever since. SIR. Robert-Thomas WILson, Kt.
Including its five Boroughs and three 4th Parl.
cities, Somersetshire returns eighteen Off. A Lieut. General.
Members to the House of Commons. To, Res. 18, Regent-street.

* The Borough of Southwark was governed by its own Bailiff till the year 1327,
when the city of London, finding great inconvenience from the escape of malefactors
thither, out of the reach and cognizance of the city magistrates, obtained a grant, by
which the mayor of London was constituted bailiff of Southwark, and empowered to
governit by his deputy. The inhabitants, however, some time after, recovered their
former privileges, which they enjoyed, till Edward VI, granted Southwark to the
city of London, for the sum of 6471. 2s. 1d.; and about a month after the passing
this patent, Southwark was made one of the city wards, named Bridge Ward
Without, in consideration of the city’s paying to the crown an additional sum of
500 marks. Upon this the number of aldermen was increased from 25 to 26, a
new one being chosen to govern this Borough. Hence, Southwark has ever since
been considered as subject to the lord mayor; but it has not, in common with the
other wards of the city, the election either of an alderman or common-council; the
former being chosen by the court of aldermen, from amongst such of their own body
as have served the office of lord mayor; and the choice usually falls upon the senior.
The lord mayor, in his jurisdiction over Southwark, has under him a steward and
bailiff, the former of whom regularly holds a court of record in the hall on St.
Margaret's-hill, for all debts, damages, and trespasses within his limits; and the
lord mayor proclaims a fair held at Southwark on the 19th of September.
It is divided into two parts, viz. the Borough Liberty, in which the lord mayor's
steward or bailiff holds the above courts; and the Clink, or Manor of Southwark,
which is subdivided into the Great Liberty, the Guildhall, and the King’s Manor:
for each of which subdivisions, a court-leet is held, where the constables, ale-connors,
and flesh-tasters, are chosen, and other business transacted. The Clink Liberty is
under the jurisdiction of the Bishop of Winchester, who, besides a court-leet, keeps
a court of record here, by his steward and bailiff, for pleas of debt, damages, and
trespass.


3 F
STAF
STAM
( 402 )

CHARLEs CALVERT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A London Brewer.
To. Res. 3, Cleveland-square.
Co. Se. Whittam Park, near Houns-
low, Middlesex; and Ockley Court,
Dorking, Surrey.
Rel. Bro. to Nicholson Calvert, Esq.
M.P. for Hertfordshire.
R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot.
N. of V. Nearly 5000.
R. O. The High Bailiff.
None but a popular candidate ever suc-
ceeds in being elected for the Borough
of Southwark.
4th Parl.
Pop. 74,650.
STAFFORDSHIRE,
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
EDwARD-John LITTLEToN, Esq.
8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 45, Grosvenor-place.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Marquess Wel-
lesley.
Co. Se. Teddesly Park, near Walsall,
Staffordshire.
SIR John WRot TEs LEY, Bt. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
Occ. A Banker.
To. Res. 13, George-street, Hanover-
square.
Co. Se. Wrottesley Hall, Wolver-
hampton, Staffordshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of Tan-
kerville.
Pop. 345,370.
The great Land Owners of this County
are the Marquesses of Stafford, Bath,
and Anglesey; the Earls of Stamford,
Ferrers, Talbot, Dartmouth, and Dud-
ley; and Barons Bagot and Vernon.
This County, with its four Boroughs,
returns ten Members to the House of
Commons.
STAFFORD, Borough of, S.shire.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bºs.

THoMAs GIs Born E, Esq.
A Land Owner.
John CAMPBELL, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Rel, Son-in-law to Sir James Scarlett,
Kt., M.P. for Malton.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
burgesses, who are principally shoe-
makers, residing within the Borough.
N. of V. Nearly 1000. Pop. 5944.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The family of Wiscount Chetwynd
had formerly great interest in this Bo-
rough; but their interest has ceased
since the estates became the property
of Earl Talbot. -


Stafford had the honour of being repre-
sented during six Parliaments by one
of the most shining and distinguished
ornaments of the British Senate; viz.
the late Richarto BRIN's LEY SHE-
RIDAN.

STAMFORD", Borough of, Lin-
colnshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
LoRD THoMAs CECIL. 4th Parl.
Offſ. Major in the 10th Dragoons.
Rel. Bro. to the Marquess of Ex-
eter.
THoMA's CHAPLIN, Esq. 2d Parl.
Off. Lieut. Colonel in the Guards.
To. Res. 52, Welbeck-street.
Rel. Son of C. Chaplin, Esq. M.P.
for Lincolnshire.
R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot—and not receiving alms or
public charity.
N. of V. 540.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Marquess of Exeter, who is
proprietor of almost all the houses in
the Borough.
Pop. 5196.
* Here, the custom of Borough English prevails, by which the younger son
inherits from a father dying intestate.—The inhabitants of Stamford have other very
extraordinary privileges; particularly a freedom from the jurisdiction of the Sheriff
of the county, and from being impannelled on juries out of the town: they are
exempted from the government of all lords lieutenant; are entitled to have the re-
turns of all writs; and claim the privilege of having the militia of the town com-
manded by their own officers: in short, the mayor being the King's lord lieutenant,
and immediately under his Majesty's command, he is esteemed, within the liberties
and jurisdiction of the town, the second man in the kingdom.
STEY
STIR
( 403 )
STEYNING, Borough of Susser.
4th Edw. II. 2 Bss.
GeoRGE-Richard PHILIPs, Esq.
4th Parl.
Occ. A Manufacturer.
To. Res. 12, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Sedgley, near Manchester.
Rel. Son-in-law to Lord Waterpark,
I. P., M.P. for Knaresborough.
Edward BLou NT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 43, Bryanston-square.
R. of E. In the constables and house-
holders, inhabitants within the Bo-
rough paying scot and lot, and not re-
ceiving alms.
N. of V. About 140. Pop. 1340.
R. O. A Constable appointed at the
court leet of the lord of the manor, viz.
E. I. The Duke of Norfolk, who having,
after several contests, purchased Sir
John Honeywood's moiety, became
proprietor of the whole.
“The houses of this smallvillage are held
in burgage tenure. The occupants
hold them at a very low rent; their
votes being expected in return. Mr.
Blount is Auditor to the Duke of
Norfolk. The father of Mr. Phillips,
the other Member, a great spinner, lent
a large sum of money to the Duke.
The son has ever since been returned
for this borough.”—Spectator, Jan. 2,
1831.
Steyning and Bramber, which join each
other, and form one street, not more
than two-thirds as large as Fetter-lane,
send together four representatives to
Parliament!—They formerly elected
in conjunction, and intermitted till
31st Henry VI. One part of Bram-
ber is in the centre of the Borough of
Steyning, and a part of Steyning in-
tersects Bramber in like manner. En-
veloped in the dark cloud of legal
quibble and intricacy, they present us,
like all the rotten Boroughs, with a
finished picture of political deformity;
—irregular in their districts, unintel-
ligible in their constitutions, indefinite
in their rights, corrupt in the exercise
of their functions, contradictory in their
respective organizations, and adverse to
the established principles of the con-
stitution, and the rights of men.—
(See Bramber.)
STIRLINGSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
HENRY - Home - DRUMMOND, Esq.
L.L.B. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. An Advocate at the Scottish Bar.
Co. Se. Blair-Drummond, Stirling-
shire.
N. of V. Real, 73; Nominal, 30:-
Total, 103. Pop. 60,300.
E. I. The Duke of Montrose.
STOCKBRIDGE, Borough of,
Hampshire. 1st Eliz. 2 Bss.
WILLIAM SLoANE STANLEY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 21, Curzon-street, May-fair.
Co. Se. Paultons, Romsey, Hants.
Rel. Kinsman to the Earl of Derby;
to Lord Stanley, M.P. for Lanca-
shire; and to the Rt. Hon. E.-G.-
S. Stanley, M.P. for Windsor.
GE on GE WILBRAHAM, Esq. 2d. Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 56, Upper Seymour-street.
Co. Sc. Delamere House, Northwich,
Cheshire.
Rel. Son-in-law of Earl Fortescue :
bro.-in-law to Viscount Ebrington,
M.P. for Devonshire; to the Hon.
G.-M. Fortescue, M.P. for Hindon;
and to Baroness King: cousin to
Baron Skelmersdale; and to the
lady of Wilbraham Egerton, Esq.
M. P. for Cheshire.
R. of E. In the inhabitants paying scot
and lot.
N. of V. From 106 to 110.
R. O. A Bailiff.
E. I. Exercised by Earl Grosvenor.
A petition against the above return was
presented, but the Committee to which
it was referred have declared the sitting
Members duly elected.
This Borough cuts as distinguished a
figure in the annals of bribery as any
in England; not that it has been more
venal than others, but less discreet in
the practice of it. It has been six
times convicted of bribery; and several
times escaped disfranchisement by
some of those side-wind accidents
which have saved many other boroughs
in the same predicament; such as
“previous questions,” “delays till the
session was ended,” “want of time to
evamine further evidence,” &c.—when
Pop. 735.


SUDB
SURR
( 404 )
the fact, according to the declaration of
a Noble Lord in the House of Commons,
was as clear as the sun at noon-day !
—It therefore continues the practice
with impunity to the present day. The
price, we understand, is still 60l. a man.
SUDBURY, Borough of, Suffolk.
1st Eliz. 2 Bss.
BETHEL WALRoND, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 8, Clifford street, Bond-
Street.
Co. Se. Montrath, Devonshire.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Earl of Ross-
lyn.
SIR Joh N BENN WALsh, Bart.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 28, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Warfield Park, Berks.
R. of E. In the freemen; who may be-
come so by being the sons of freemen,
born after their fathers were made free;
by redemption; or by having served
seven years’ apprenticeship to a free-
Imall.
N. of V. About 800.
R. O. The Mayor.
The corporation of this Borough have for
many years had a patron possessing the
interest of Government, who generally
returns one Member. The other seat
has always been contested; but both
are understood to go to the highest
bidder: for, though the corruption is
as notorious in this borough as in any
other, it has not been brought before the
public.
Pop. 3950.
SUFFOLK, County of
49th Herz, III. 2 Kts.
SIR HENRY EDwARD BUN BURY, Bt.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lieut. General.
Co. Se. Burton Magna, in this County,
CHARLEs Ty RELL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Polstead, in this County.
Pop, 275,670.
This county, with its seven Boroughs,
sends sixteen Members to the House of
Commons.
SURREY, County of
49th Hen. III. 2 Kts.
WILLIAM-Joser H. DENIson, Esq.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker.
To. Res. 90, Pall Mall.
Co. Se. Denbies, near Dorking, Surrey.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess of
Conyngham: uncle to the Earl of
Mountcharles, M.P. for Donegall-
shire; and to the Lady of Lord
Strathaven, M.P. for Huntingdon-
shire.
Joh N Ivar T BRiscoe, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 19, Edward-street, Portman-
square.
Co. Se. Chertsey, Surrey; and Twick-
enham, Middlesex.
Pop. 404,678.
The principal landowners of Surrey are
the Duke of Norfolk; the Earls of
Onslow, Aylesford, and Spencer; Vis-
count Middleton; and Baron King.
This County, with its six Boroughs
(among which is Southwark), returns
fourteen Members to Parliament.
SUSSEX, County of
49th Hen. III. 2 Kts.
(VACANT, by the death of WALTER
BURRELL, Esq. of West Grin-
stead Park, Horsham, Sussex: bro.
to Sir Charles Burrell, Bart. M. P.
for New Shoreham.)
HERBERT BARRETT CURTErs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Sc. Peasmarsh, Sussex.
Pop. 236,120.
E. I. One moiety is exercised by the
Earl of Egremont; the other by the
Duke of Richmond.
The other noblemen residing in the county
are, the Dukes of Norfolk and Dorset;
Earls Ashburnham and Chichester;
Viscount Gage; Lord George Caven-
dish; and Baron Selsey,
This county, containing eight Boroughs,
four Cinque Ports (viz. Hastings, Rye,
Seaford, and Winchelsea), and one
City (Chichester), returns no less than
twenty-eight Members to the House of
Commons,
SUTH
TAUN
( 405 )
SUTHERLANDSHIRE, Scotland.
21. U. 6th Anne. l Com.
THE Rt. HoN. Lord FRANCIS-LE-
veson-Gowe R. 3d Parl.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England and
Ireland.
Late Secretary at War.
To, Res. 1, Cleveland-square,
James's.
Rel. 2d son of the Marquess of Staf-
ford.
N. of V. Real, 3; Nominal, 23:—
Total, 26. Pop. 24,200.
E. I. The Marquess of Stafford; the
Marchioness being Countess of Suther-
land, in her own right.
St.
TAMWORTH, Borough of Stafford-
shire and Warwickshire *.
5th Eliz. 2 Bss.
Lord CHARLEs - VERE FERRARs
Tow Ns|HEND. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Rainham Hall, Norfolk.
Rel. Bro. of the Marquess Town-
shend: neph. to Lord I.-N-B.
Townshend, M.P. for Helston.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this
Borough.
SIR RoRERT PEEL, Bt. D.C.L. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England
and Ireland.
A Governor of the Charter-house.
Late Secretary of State for the Home
Department.
To. Res. Whitehall Gardens.
Co. Se. Drayton Park, Staffordshire.
Rel. Bro. to William Yates Peel,
Esq. M.P. for Yarmouth, Isle of
Wight. Bro.-in-law to George-
Robert Dawson, Esq. M.P. for
Harwich.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this Bo-
rough.
R. of E. In such persons, resident or not,
as have freeholds within the Borough;
and in the inhabitants, being house-
holders paying scot and lot, and not
receiving alms.
N. of V. About 300.
R. O. Two Bailiffs.
E. I. Exercised in their own persons by
Lord Townshend and Sir Robert Peel.
– “The late Sir Robert Peel intro-
duced himself by purchase, and at-
tempted to carry both seats, but failed.
A similar attempt was, we believe,
made at the last election. The pro-
perty belonged formerly to the Ferrars
family, and Lord Charles Ferrars
Townshend still retains sufficient to
secure a seat from this place.”—Spec-
tator, Jan. 2d, 1831.
One moiety of this Borough was sold,
some years ago, by Mr. Robins, the
auctioneer, for 132,000l.
Thomas Guy, the munificent founder
and endower of the hospital which
bears his name in the borough of
Southwark, represented Tamworth in
the years 1695, 1698, 1701, 1702, and
1705.
Pop. 3260.

TAUNTON, Borough of, Somersci-
shire, 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
HENRY LABouch ERE, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 4, Hamilton-place.
Edwar DTHoMAs BAINBRIDGE, Esq.
Occ. A Banker, connected with Ire-
land.
To. Res. 10, Park-place, St. James's.
R. of E. In such of the inhabitants as are
pot-wallopers, and do not receive alms
or charityt.
* The writs for Tamworth are issued to the Sheriffs of Staffordshire and War-
wickshire; each of whom directs his precept to the bailiff of that part of the town
standing within his bailiwick.
+ Those who have accepted the Town Charities, and have not taken alms, or
parochial relief, are deemed good votes; which implies a contradiction to the above
resolution.
The qualification has however been defined to mean all the resident male in-
habitants, who have attained a parochial settlement, whether they are occupiers of a
house, or lodgers; but gives occasion to such innumerable objections at an election,
as to leave in the returning officer, who is umpire between the parties, the power of
deciding in favour of whichever he pleases.—Witnesses to qualify and disqualify
every person voting are produced, and a decision is made in a court which has no
authority, and before a returning officer, who has not the power to examine upon

oath.
TAUN ( 406 ) TAVI

N. of V. Vary between 500 and 1000. TAVISTOCK, Borough of Devon-
Pop. of the whole town, 8986. shire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
R. O. The two Bailiffs, elected at the
annual court-leet of the Bishop of
Winchester, who is Lord of the Manor:
so decided by a committee of the Com-
mons, on May 5, 1803*.
This is a costly borough. A candidate
must be prepared with 4000l. or 5000l.
in case of a contest, and there are few
elections without a contest. The voters
are for the most part artisans and per-
sons of the lower orders—potwallopers
—and they fully exercise that character
during the election. It is also customary
to give a gratuity of two guineas; this
originated in the plea that the poor
voter should be indemnified for
loss of time. The borough forms a
very small portion of the town; being
only part of the parish of St. Mary
Magdalen. The Members are expected
to support the races and charities, and
to contribute largely in periods of dis-
tress. Parliamentary conduct is not
much regarded.
LoRD WILLIAM Russel L. 2d Parl.
Rel. Brother to the Duke of Bedford:
uncle to the Marquess of Tavistock,
M.P. for Bedfordshire; and to the
other member for Tavistock, viz. –
Lord JoHN RU'ss E1. L. 4th Parl.
Offi. Paymaster of the Forces.
To. Jºes. Pay-office, Whitehall.
Rel. Son of the Duke of Bedford;
and otherwise related as above.
R. of E. In the burgage-holders, or free-
holders of inheritance, in possession,
inhabiting within the Borough.
N. of V. From 120 to 125. Pop. 5726.
R. O. A Portreeve, chosen at the court-
leet of the Lord of the Manor, viz.
E. I. The Duke of Bedford.
The following liberal and judicious sen-
timents close a late petition for Parlia-
mentary Reform, signed by seventeen
out of the select electors of the Borough
of Tavistock. “We disclaim, as in-
sulting to our understandings and in-
This Borough was for a long time under tegrity, the statement that we have any
the management of the late Sir Ben-
jamin Hamet; who, with his son, re-
presented it in eight successive Parlia-
ments. He built a new street, which
bears his name, purchased the castle
and other property, and established a
bank in Taunton, as did his opponent,
William Morland, Esq. who was re-
private pecuniary interestin the present
limitation of the elective franchise; and
are quite satisfied that it is injurious
to the public interest that two Members
of Parliament should be chosen by
so small a body of electors as this
Borough contains. We also petition
you to apply the system of vote by
ballot to such increased number of
electors.”
William, Lord Russel (who was be-
headed in 1785), represented this Bo-
rough in the Parliaments of 1660 and
1661.
turned three times.—Upon the death
of John Hamet, Esq. his estates in
Taunton were sold, and part of them
were purchased by the late Sir John
Lethbridge, for 15,000l. His son,
Sir Thomas, who, of course, considered
that this property constituted him the
patron of one seat at least, nominated
his brother-in-law, Mr. Collins, in
1818; but he was opposed at a great
expense by Mr. Alexander Baring,
who was returned; but afterwards
ousted on petition.—The banking in-
terest appears to be still paramount in
Taunton.
TEWKESBURY, Borough of Glou-
cestershire. 7th James I. 2 Bss.
John-EDMUND Dow DEswell, Esq.
A Land Owner. 5th Parl.
Offi. A Master in Chancery.
A Metropolitan Commissioner of
Lunacy.
* Taunton was incorporated by charter in the 2d of Charles I. ; but, in 1662,
Charles II. caused its walls to be demolished, and took away the charter, because
the inhabitants had adhered to the Parliament in the reign of his father. After
being without one for 17 years, the same king granted them another. Neither of
these charters interfered with the right of election of members of Parliament; but,
during the incorporation, until its final dissolution in 1793, the returns were made
by the mayor, who constantly presided at the poll. Since that period, the town acts
without a charter; and the return is made by the two bailiffs as above.
THET
THIR
( 407 )

To. Res. 7, Park-place, and 25, South-
ampton-buildings.
Co. Se. Poole Court, near Tewkes-
bury.
John MARTIN, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
Occ. A Banker, in London,
To. Res. 68, Lombard-street.
Co. Se. Overbury House, Worcester-
shire.
R. of E. In the freemen and freeholders
of the Borough.
N. of V. Upwards of 500. Pop. 5140.
R. O. The two Bailiffs.
This town had the honour of being re-
presented in nine Parliaments by
JAMEs MARTIN, Esq. of Overbury,
near this place. He was called the
Andrew Marvel of his time: and it
has been said of him, that, although
he sat so many years in Parliament,
he never gave a vote that cost his
country a guinea. He was too honest
to purchase a seat, or to sell his vote;
and his grateful constituents returned
him as long as he was able to attend
his duty, without earpense. Since his
death, they have continued to elect his
son. It was the pride and consolation
of his life that he had voted against
every war the country had engaged in
during his time; particularly that
with America in 1774. He connected
himself with no party, but voted upon
every question agreeably to the con-
scientious dictates of his own upright
mind; except when he was instructed
to do otherwise by his constituents,
whose opinions he thought it his duty
most implicitly to obey—in conformity
with the constitutional practice of the
purest times. He was offered by the
minister a very lucrative share in the
loan of 1783; but instead of suffering
this to influence his parliamentary con-
duct, he communicated to the House,
the same afternoon, the indignity he
conceived to be offered to the indepen-
dence of a British senator /
THETFORD, Borough of Norfolk.
1 Edw. VI. 2 Bss.
Lond CHARLEs FITzRoy, Jun.
4th Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To. Res.47, Clarges-street, Piccadilly.
N. of V. 31.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Duke of Grafton,
shire.
Rel. 2d son of the Duke of Grafton:
nephew to the Duke of Gloucester:
bro. to the Earl of Euston, M.P.
for Bury St. Edmunds: son-in-law
to Lord George-Augustus-Henry
Cavendish, M.P. for Derbyshire.
Bro.-in-law to the Hon. H.-F. C.
Cavendish, M.P. for Derby: nephew
to Baroness Churchill: his lady is
aunt to W. Cavendish, Esq., M.P.
for Cambridge University.
FRANcis BARING, Jun. Esq. 2d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant.
Rel. Son of Sir Thomas Baring, Bart.
M. P. for Wycombe: nephew to
Alexander Baring, Esq. M.P. for
Callington; and to Francis Baring,
Esq. M.P. for Portsmouth: cousin
to W.-Bingham Baring, the other
Member for Callington.
R. of E. In the mayor, ten aldermen,
and twenty common-councilmen.
Pop. 2982.
and Alexander Baring, Esq., M.P.
for Callington. The latter gentle-
man derives his right of nominating
one of the Members from having pur-
chased a large estate in the neigh-
bourhood, from Baron Petre, a Ca-
tholic nobleman; who during his own
absence from the House of Peers,
carried on a long and expensive contest
with the Duke, and at length esta-
blished his right of sending one Re-
presentative into the House of Com-
Innons.
THIRSK (Old), Borough of York-
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SIR. Rob ERT FRANKLAND, Bart.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 15, Cavendish-square.
“. Thirkleby, near Thirsk, York-
SIllre.
Rob ERT-GREENHILL Russel, Esq.
- 7th Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 4, Stone-buildings, Lincoln's
Inn.
Co. Se. Chequers Court, Buckingham-
shire.
R. of E. In the burgage-holders.
N. of V. Between 50 and 60.
Pop. of New and Old Thirsk, 3502.

TIPP
TOTN
( 408 )
R. O. A Bailiff, chosen at the court-
leet of the lord of the manor, viz.
E. I. Possessed by Sir Robert Frankland,
Bart., one of the Members, who is pro-
prietor of 50 of the burgage-holds.
The new town, which is on the other side
of the river, has a good market and up-
wards of 500 houses, is well built, full
of inhabitants, and improving; but has
no concern in the election of members
of Parliament. The burgage-holds in
Old Thirsk are conveyed to certain
friends and dependants of the pro-
prietor on the day of election, for the
purpose of returning the Members,
only; as he receives the rents and
profits of the whole of them.
TIPPERARYSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. - 2 Kts.
FRANCIS - H. - A LD-
7th Parl.
THE HON.
Borou GH PRIT TIE.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Cust. Rotulorum of Tipperary-
shire.
To. Res. 59, St. James's-street.
Co. Se. Corville, Tipperaryshire.
Rel. Brother to Baron Dunalley, R.I.P.:
half-bro. to the Earl of Charleville:
bro.-in-law to Thomas Bernard,
Esq., M.P. for King's-County, Ire-
land.
THoMAs WYSE, Jun. Esq.
A Land Owner.
To Res. 19, Manchester-buildings,
Parliament-street.
Co. Se, St. John's, Waterford.
This gentleman is a Catholic.
E. I. The Earl of Llandaff, and Baron
Dunally.
TIVERTON, Borough of Devon-
shire. 18th James I. 2 Bss.
VIS count SANDON. 4th Parl.
N. & S. Dudley Ryder.
To. Res. 41, Grosvenor-street.
Rel. Eld, son of the Earl of Harrowby:
bro.-in-law to Viscount Ebrington,
M.P. for Devonshire: brother to the
other member for Tiverton, viz.
THE Hon. GRANVILLE – DUDLEY
RYDER.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lieut. in the Royal Navy.
Co. Se.. Westbrook, near St. Alban's,
Hertfordshire.

Rel. As above, and son-in-law to the
Duke of Beaufort.
R. of E. In the mayor, the recorder, ten
aldermen, and twelve assistants.
N. of V. 24. Pop. 8980.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Har-
rowby.
TOTNESS, Borough of Devonshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 B ss.

THE RT. Hon. Thom As-PERE GRINE
CourtTENAY. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Late Vice-President of the Board of
Trade.
A Commissioner of the India Board.
Agent for the Cape of Good Hope.
Co. Se. Clay Hill, near Beckenham,
Kent.
Rel. Brother to William Courtenay,
Esq., Clerk-Assistant of the Parlia-
ments: 2d cousin and heir pres, to
the Earl of Devon.
CHARLEs, BERRY BALDw1N, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 6, Parliament-street, and 10,
King’s-bench-walk, Temple.
R. of E. In the corporation and free-
men, inhabiting within and without
the Borough.
N. of V. From 58 to 60.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by Earl Powlett. The
Earl of Mount Edgecombe is an
hereditary burgess.
Pop. 3196.
TRALEE, Borough of, Kerryshire,
Ireland. A. U. 41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
Robert-VeRNoN SMITH, Esq.
- 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lord of the Treasury.
To. Res. 20, Saville-street.
Rel, Cousin to Baron Holland.
R. of E. In the self-elected burgesses.
N. of V. 13.
E. I. Possessed by Sir E. Denny, Bart.,
of Tralee Castle.
TREG ( 409 ) TREG
TREGONY, Borough of, Duchy of
Cornwall. 23d Edw. I. 2 B&s.
JAMEs AnAM Gordon, Esq.
A Land Owner.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 29, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Stock's House, Hemel Hemp-
stead, Herts; and Naish House,
near Bristol.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough.
JAMEs MACKILLoP, Esq.
Occ. A Merchant, and an East India
Agent and Proprietor.
To, Res. 4, Montague-square.
R. of E. In all the householders who
boil a pot, usually styled potwallopers,
and who provide for themselves;
whether they live under the same roof
or not.
N. of W. About 230. Pop. 1065.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by Mr. Gordon, one of
the Members.
A petition was presented to the House
of Commons against the return of the
above gentlemen; but a committee
decided that they were duly elected,
and that the petition of Messrs. King
and Gurney was both frivolous and
vexatious.
Tregony, which is an inconsiderable vil-
lage, without trade, commerce, or
manufactures (except, indeed, that of
making legislators, or, as they are
more facetiously styled, virtual repre-
sentatives and stewards of the lives
and properties of all the people of
Great Britain and Ireland), is distant
only three miles from the notoriously
convicted and condemned Borough of
Grampound; and not a whit behind
it in corruption.—Indeed, as will be
seen in another place, these Boroughs
were in the habit of running in couple,
in the career of venality:-returning
as many persons to occupy seats in the
Commons' House of Parliament, as
the City of London; and possessing an
equal share in swaying the destinies of
Britons, as the representatives of that
emporium of commerce for the whole
world.
The electioneering influence was for
some time contested between the Earl
of Falmouth and Sir Francis Basset,
as was also that of the Boroughs of
St. Michael and Truro; but the parties
having agreed to sendone Member, each,
for St. Michael, the Earl, who was lord
of great part of the soil in this Borough,
sold his property, and with it trans-
ferred hisinterest, to Sir Francis Basset;
conditionally, that Sir Francis should
withdraw his opposition and transfer
his interest, in Truro, to his Lordship.
Matters being thus satisfactorily ar-
ranged, Sir Francis disposed of the
whole to Mr. Barwell, the nabob, who
afterwards sold it to the Earl of Dar-
lington.—From his Lordship, Tregony
came into the possession of Mr. Gordon,
its present proprietor and representa-
tive,


The right of election in this Borough
being in potwallopers, or all the house-
keepers who have obtained a parochial
settlement and provide for themselves,
—whether they live under the same
roof or not—it has always been the
practice for the returning officer to
refuse as many good votes for the
party he was adverse to, and admit
as many bad ones for the persons
whose interest he espoused, as should
make the majority preponderate as he
pleased. This Borough being 262
miles from London, the expense of
conveying witnesses so great a distance
and providing for them during their
absence (to establish the validity of
the good votes and disqualify the bad
ones before a Committee of the House
of Commons), is so enormous, as many
times to deter those who are otherwise
duly elected from prosecuting their
claim for redress. Indeed, the pre-
tences on which good votes are rejected
are the most frivolous and unjust; and
others are frequently admitted without
any claim at all.




When Lord Falmouth, and Sir Francis
Basset (now Lord De Dunstanville),
contested this Borough, every poor
wretch who belonged to the parish was
sought out and caused to boil a pot, in
order to qualify them as voters; but
after Mr. Barwell, the nabob, had pur-
chased the whole place, he left the
houses to tumble down as fast as they
decayed.

The Earl of Darlington (now Marquess
of Cleveland) having purchased it of
Mr. Barwell, his nomination of Mem-
bers was opposed in 1806, by Sir
3 G
TREG
TREG
( 410 )

Jonathan Miles and John Nichols,
Esq., who not being returned, pe-
titioned against Messrs. O'Callaghan
and Wentworth, the patron's nominees.
On this occasion, a trick was played
off upon the petitioners, which, we
believe, is not equalled in the annals of
electioneering or parliamentary delin-
quency.
One Nicholas Middlecoat, a tailor and
publican of Tregony, who was after-
wards so deeply concerned in the
Grampound bribery, had undertaken
to bring Sir Jonathan Miles into
Parliament for this Borough, for four
thousand guineas, and to defray all
expenses incident to the election for
that sum. Sir Jonathan, and his
colleague Mr. Nichols, had a great
majority upon the poll; but, by the
partiality of the returning officer, a
great many good votes were rejected
for those gentlemen, and as many
bad ones admitted for their oppo-
nents. This made a petition neces-
sary, and Middlecoat employed one
Edwards, an attorney, at Truro, to
conduct the same. Mr. Edwards ac-
cordingly retained Mr. Plumer (after-
wards Sir Thomas Plumer) and Mr.
Pell (now Sergeant Pell)-prepared
the petition, and got it regularly signed
and presented to the House;—and a
day for hearing was appointed.
Sir Jonathan Miles had advanced Middle-
coat a large sum of money to defray
the expenses, and a much larger sum
in notes to make up the douceurs
agreed upon. The day for hearing
the petition approached. Middlecoat
had been sent off to Tregony with
the Speaker's warrants to bring up
the witnesses, but neither Edwards
nor the witnesses appeared' – The
committee were therefore obliged to
declare the sitting members duly
elected
It was afterwards understood that the
parties concerned in this transaction
got 2500l. for their ingenuity from the
patron's nominees, besides the 4200l.
from the petitioning victims; who had
also to pay the expenses of the petition,
&c.
In 1812 Colonel O’Callaghan, uncle to
Lord Lismore, and Mr. Thornhill,
of Derbyshire, were recommended by
Lord Darlington, and opposed by
Alexander Cray Grant, and William
Holmes, Esq. who were supported by
Lord Yarmouth, warden of the Stan-
naries, and by the Treasury. The two
latter were returned by a great ma-
jority, and petitioned against by Colonel
O’Callaghan, and Mr. Thornhill. It
appeared upon the hearing before the
committee, that a great deal of bribery
had been committed; that 5000l. had
been distributed among the voters;
and that Mrs. Allen, the wife of a
shopkeeper here, had given them
money to pay their rents to Lord
Darlington, which she luckily found
in a drawer in her husband’s shop,
and charitably divided among her in-
digent neighbours;–reserving only a
small portion to herself!—an instance
of disinterestedness not equalled since
the creation of the world; except per-
haps at elections for Cornish Boroughs.
—Notwithstanding this unblushing
bribery, the committee declared the
sitting Members to be duly elected;
but they reported to the House that
Thomas Croggan, a Currier of Truro,
had endeavoured corruptly to procure
their return 1 for which he was sent
to Newgate for nine weeks. –He was
discharged on a motion made by Lord
Archibald Hamilton, in June 1813;
refusing even to acknowledge the
offence for which he had been com-
mitted, and declaring himself unable
to pay the fees!!
In 1818, the Earl of Darlington nominated
his son (then) Viscount Barnard, and
James O’Callaghan, Esq. to be two of
his representatives in Parliament;-
little dreaming that an opposition was
intended by the celebrated Mr.Nicholas
Middlecoat the Tregony tailor, of pre-
vious Boroughmongering notoriety. It
seems that this redoubtable knight of
the thimble had disposed of the two
seats, in a very different manner, at
the Bell and Crown Inn, Holborn.
This man, accompanied by four others,
was deputed by the honest and inde-
pendent electors of Grampound and
Tregony to carry the representation of
their respective Boroughs to the Lon-
don market; and had actually com-
pleted the sale of both, the one for
7000l., and the other for six thousand
guineas!—Mr. Middlecoat saying to
the negociators for Tregony, “be-
cause, in election matters, we always
reckon in guineas' 11”
TRUR
TYRO
( 411 )
Unfortunately, however, a London
banker, and a general officer, who
had purchased Tregony, having ar-
rived at St. Austle, a town about 8
miles distant from that Borough, on
the eve of the election, could not pre-
vail on the voters to depend on their
promise of remuneration, immediately
on the close of the poll;-although they
showed them that they were amply
provided with the necessary supplies,
and assured them of being paid 50l.
per man. The electors, adhering to
the old proverb, that “a bird in the
hand is worth two in the bush,” would
not trust; neither would they confide
in honest Mr. Middlecoat and his at-
torney, whom they rebelliously accused
of having sold them upon a former
occasion, and appropriated the money
to their own use !—On the other hand,
the candidates would not trust the
electors, knowing that their neigh-
bours, the immaculate burgesses and
freemen of Grampound, had just
swindled Sir Manasseh Lopez and his
friend out of 2000l., and had imme-
diately afterwards sold their Borough
to another couple of virtual repre-
sentatives / ?– It was in vain that so-
lemn assurances of the most honour-
able intentions were given on both
sides: the electors positively refused
to vote unless they were paid before-
hand; and the duped candidates were
as positive in their determination not
to advance another shilling until the
election should be terminated.
In consequence of this unlucky distrust
on all sides, Lord Darlington was left
in quiet and undisturbed possession of
his Borough; and the banker and gene-
ral returned to London, proclaiming
their disappointment at every inn on
the road, and cursing the scoundrels
who would not trust to their honour!
TRURO, Borough of, Duchy of
Cornwall. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
Viscount EN.com BE. 2d Parl.
N. & S. John Scott.
To. Res. 109, Piccadilly.
Rel. Grandson and heir-app. to the
Earl of Eldon: Grand-nephew to
Baron Stowell: nephew to H.
Bankes, Esq., M.P. for Dorsetshire:
cousin to W.-J. Bankes, Esq., M.P.
for Marlborough; and to G. Bankes,
Esq., M. P. for Corfe-Castle.
NATHANIEL-WILLIAM PEACH, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Ketteringham Hall, Norfolk;
and Hyde, near Wareham, Dorset.
To. Res. 13, Saville-street.
R. of E. In the mayor and a select num-
ber of burgesses.
N. of V. 26.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Falmouth,
and by the Marquess of Hertford, as
Lord Warden of the Stannaries. It
was for some years warmly contested
between Lords Falmouth and De Dun-
stanville, but in consequence of their
agreement respecting Tregony, the lat-
ter discontinued his opposition.

This was a borough in the time of the
Saxons; and sent Members to Par-
liament ever since the restoration of the
right of boroughs, in the 23d of Ed-
ward I., as is shown by the returns.
It probably did so from the 18th of
that reign; but the returns from the
18th to the 23d of Edward I. are lost.
The right of election from that period
to the 31st of Elizabeth, when it re-
ceived a new charter, was in the “po-
pulace,” a word of the most extensive
signification which the English lan-
guage can employ, and which, in the
several cases respecting the borough of
Seaford, was six times determined to
mean all the inhabitant householders,
paying scot and lot; but was here de-
termined to mean only the corporation,
consisting of a mayor, four aldermen,
and twenty-one capital burgesses . The
burgesses claim to vote, but the elec-
tions have hitherto been decided by the
votes of the capital burgesses only,
many of whom are not resident, and
have no other connexion with the Bo-
rough.
Pop. 2796.




TYRONESHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
THE Hon. HENRY-THowAs-Low Ry
CoRRY. 3d Parl.
To. Res. 15, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Ahenes, Tyroneshire.
Rel. 2d son of the Earl of Belmore:
brother to Viscount Corry, M.P. for
Fermanaghshire: son-in-law of the
Earl of Shaftesbury.
WALL ( 412 ) WARW
Sir HUGH STEwART, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Sº, Ballagawley, in this County.
M. of V. Previously to the Irish Dis-
franchisement Act, Tyroneshire con-
tained 20,000 freeholders.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Belmore
and the Marquess of Abercorn.
WALLINGFORD, Borough of,
Berkshire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
WILLIAM-LEwis HUGHEs, Esq.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Col. of the Anglesey Militia.
To. Res. 75, South Audley-street.
Co. Se. Kinmel Park, St. Asaph, N.W.
Rob ERT KNIGHT, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
* To. Res. 44, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Barrett, near Henley in Ar-
den, Warwickshire.
R. of E. In the corporation, and in-
habitants paying scot and lot, and not
receiving alms.
N. of V. About 210. Pop. 2130.
It. O. The Mayor.
E. I. There is no regular patron of this
once extensive town; but the market-
price of votes seldom varies, being
40 guineas a man.
Richard Tonson, the celebrated biblio-
pole of the last century, represented
this Borough in 1747.
WAREHAM, Borough of Dorset-
shire. 30th Edw. I. 2 Bas,
THE RT. Hon. John CALCRAFT.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Late Paymaster General of the British
Forces.
Co. Se. Leeds, Kent; and Kempstone
Hall, Dorsetshire.
Parl. Pat. Two Members for this
Borough.
JAMEs Ewing, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 18, Park-crescent.
R. of E. In the mayor, magistrates, 6
capital burgesses, 12 assistants, and
the freeholders of lands and tenements
(being in actual possession of the
same for one year before the election,
except in cases of marriage, descent, or
benefice) paying scot and lot.
N. of V. From 175 to 180. Pop, 1930.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by Mr. Calcraft, one of

the Members, whose ancestor pur-
chased the houses, &c. of this Borough
for a very small sum.
The honour of representing this borough

(which was once very considerable,
having no less than 17 churches) was
for a long time contested between the
Pitt family and Mr. Drax, of Char-
borough, the former of whom were pa-
trons of the livings, and possessed of a
considerable part of the freeholds; the
latter was lord of the manor. Here the
modern system of sham conveyances
has been practised in its fullest extent.
Houses were divided into many tene-
ments, and the whole market-place
parcelled out in different allotments,
so that the votes were multiplied with-
out number 1–On one occasion the
contest was so violent, that all the
stamps in the county were consumed
in the mock transfer of property (of
which, a space of ground, scarcely
affording room for a grave, was fre-
quently the subject); and a farther
supply was necessary to be sent for
from the metropolis. The expense
of contention increased with the votes,
so that the fortunes of both parties
appeared in danger. At length, for
the purpose of putting an end to such
ruinous litigation, the two contending
parties parted with the whole of their
voting property to one person. Mr.
Calcraft, the late army agent, was the
fortunate purchaser.




WARWICKSHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
Dugdale-STRATForn DUGDALE,
Esq. 8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Trustee of Rugby School.
To. Res. 23, Brook-street.
Co, Se. Mereval Hall, Atherstone,
Warwickshire.
Rel. Uncle to Earl Howe: father to
W.-S. Dugdale, Esq. M.P. for
Shaftesbury.

FRANCIS LAWLEY, Esq. 3d Parl.

A Land Owner.
To, Res. 18, Grosvenor-square,
Co. Se. Middleton Hall, Warwickshire.
Pop. 278,800.
WARW
WATE
( 413 )

The principal land owners in Warwick-
shire are, the Marquess of Hertford,
the Earls of Warwick and Craven, and
Baron Willoughby de Broke; but the
populous and rich town of Birming-
ham, though itself unrepresented, has
sufficient weight to return one of the
county Members.
This large, fertile, populous, and rich
County sends only sia Members to
Parliament, including the City of Co-
ventry and the Borough of Warwick.
WARWICK, Borough of, Warwick-
shire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
THE Hon. SIR CHARLEs-John GRE-
WILLE, K.C.B. 6th Parl.
Offi. A Major-General in the Army.
To. Res. 15, Chesterfield-street.
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Warwick.
John Tom Es, Esq. 2d Parl.
Occ. A Banker in Warwick.
To. Res. Exchequer Coffee-house,
New Palace-yard.
R. of E. In such housekeepers as pay
to church and poor.
N. of V. Not exceeding 550. Pop. 8560.
R. O. The Mayor.
E.1. Exercised by the Earls of Brooke
and Warwick; between whom and the
independent party, there have been
many struggles for superiority.
WATERFORDSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kits,
LoRD GEoRGETHomAs BERESFORD.
2d Parl.
Offi. Comptroller of the King's House-
hold.
A Major-General and Colonel of
the 3d Dragoons.
Governor and Custos Rot. of the
County.
To. Res. 30, Charles-street,
James's.
Co. Se. Curraghmore, in this County.
Rel. Uncle to the Marquess of Water-
ford.
DANIEL O'Conn ELL, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister.
To Res. 14, Manchester-buildings.
Co. Se. Derinane Abbey, Kerry.
Rel. Father to M. O’Connell, Esq.
M.P. for Clareshire.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.
St.
R. of E. in the freeholders, who, before
the forty shilling disfranchisement Act,
were 3000 in number.
E. I. Viscount Grandison, I. P. (the
Earl of Jersey, E. P.), and the Be-
resfords, have long had great influence
in this County,


WATERFORD, City of, Water-
fordshire, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Cit.
THE RT. Hon. SIR John NEwport,
Bart. D.C.L. M.R.I.A. 7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England
and Ireland.
To. Res. 40, St. James’s-place.
Co, Se. New Park, near Waterford.
R. of E. In the corporation and free-
holders.
N. of V. 1300.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Jersey,
and by the Member, Sir John Newport.
WELLS, City of, Somersetshire.
23d Edw. I. 2 Cils.
John EDwARDs VAUGHAN, Esq.
A Land Owner.
John LEE LEE, Esq.
A Land Owner.

R. of E. In the mayor, masters, and
burgesses, and those admitted to their
freedom, (by consent of the mayor and
common-council) in any of the seven
trading companies, on account of birth,
servitude, or marriage,
N. of W. About 450.
R. O. The Mayor.
The voters of this Borough have been of
late much increased in number, but
many of them are non-resident. The
expense of collecting them from all
quarters, therefore, is so considerable,
that there has been no contest since
that of Robert Child, Esq. and Peter
Taylor, the Army Commissary, in
1768; at which time the candidates
were under the necessity of bringing in
the wives and children of the out-vot-
ers, as well as themselves, and main-
taining them luxuriously during the
whole time of the contest! From 1762
to 1812, inclusive, Clement Tudway,
Esq. possessed one moiety of the in-
fluence over this little city, and was
himself returned for twelve succeeding
Parliaments, as was his son, John
Paine Tudway, until lately,
Pop. 6120.


WEND
WEND
( 414 )
WENDOVER, Borough of *, Buck-
inghamshire. 28th Edw. I. 2 Bss.
SAMUEL SMITH, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker in London, and East
India Proprietor.
To. Res. 39, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Woodhall Park, near Ware,
Hertfordshire.
Rel. Bro. to Baron Carrington; to
John Smith, Esq., M.P. for Chi-
chester; and to George Smith, Esq.,
M.P. for Midhurst: father to Abel
Smith, Esq. the other Member for
Wendover: bro.-in-law to William
Manning, Esq., M.P. for Penryn :
uncle to John-Abel Smith, Esq.,
M.P. for Midhurst; to the Hon.
Robert-John Smith, M.P. for Buck-
inghamshire; and to the lady of Lord
Granville-C.-H. Somerset, M.P. for
Monmouthshire: granduncle to Ba-
Related as above; and bro.-in-law of
the Earl of Leven and Melville.
R. of E. In the inhabitant-householders
within the Borough, paying scot and
lot, and not receiving alms.
N. of V. About 140. Pop. 1638.
R. O. Two Constables.
E. I. The lands and messuages of this
insignificant Borough formerly ap-
pertained to the Earl of Verney; and
although his tenants paid no rent, yet
in 1784 they refused to return him to
Parliament. The Borough was after-
wards sold by his trustees to Mr.
John-Baker Church, who had amassed
a large fortune during the American
war by acting as Commissary-Ge-
neral to the French troops.
It now belongs (almost entirely, as may
be seen by the names of the present
Members) to the firm of Smith, Payne,
and Smith, Bankers in the City of

ron Gardner.
ABEL SMITH, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker in London.
To. Res. 15, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Woodhall Park, Herts.
London; of which firm Baron Car-
rington is the chief or head partner.
Part of the Borough, however, was
purchased by the Marquess of Chandos,
who made a fruitless attempt at the last
election to oust the present Members.
3d Parl.
* This Borough returned burgesses to Parliament, in common with Amersham
and Marlow, in this county, so early as the 28th, 33d, 34th, and 35th of Edward I.,
and in the 1st and 2d of Edward II. ; and it then ceased sending till the reign of
James I., a period of more than 400 years.
In the 21st year of that reign, Mr. Hakewell, a learned barrister of Lincoln's
Inn, discovered, amongst the ancient Parliament writs in the Tower, the returns
for these three Boroughs. Petitions were therefore preferred to the House of Com-
mons, that they might be restored to their ancient right, or franchise; and that writs
might be directed to the sheriff of Buckinghamshire for that purpose. Notice of
these petitions was given to the king, who declared himself unwilling to have the
number of burgesses increased; saying that he was troubled with too great a number
already. He commanded Sir Robert Heath, his then solicitor, to oppose it to the
utmost of his power; and most of the Commons, understanding the king's inclina-
tion, used their utmost endeavour to cross it; but so irresistible did the justice of
their claim appear, that, it was stated “if such neglect were suffered in one borough,
it might be in more, and, consequently, in all the boroughs in England; and then
it might follow, that for want of burgesses, there might be no Parliament.”—It
appeared accordingly, that these three boroughs were ancient Parliament boroughs
by prescription; although they never had a charter.
These petitions were presented to the House, in May 18, 1621, and May 4, 1624.
The committee reported by Mr. Glanville, their chairman, that Wendover, Amer-
sham, and Marlow, had proved their ancient right to send burgesses to Parliament;
whereupon the House ordered a warrant from the speaker, to issue new writs ac-
cordingly.—This precedent ought to justify the City of Ely, and the ninety-four
Boroughs which are mentioned in the “Representative History of Great Britain
and Ireland,” as having sent Members to Parliament in former reigns (as well as
Manchester, Leeds, and other large towns, which have sent Members at other
periods), in demanding a restoration of their rights; especially, as some of them have
risen to great opulence, and extensive population, while those which remain have
mostly sunk into wretchedness and contempt;-or, like Old Sarum and Gatton, have
become annihilated in everything but the name.






WEND
WENL
( 415 )
“When this Borough was in possession
of the late Earl Verney, certain cir-
cumstances occurred, which are too re-
markable to be omitted. Although
the tenants in general lived rent free,
on condition of giving their votes to
such gentlemen as his Lordship should
nominate, they were prevailed upon,
in 1768, to accept a present advantage
in preference to the above privilege.
“A Mr. Atkins, a considerable lace
manufacturer in this place, had under-
taken, by a coup de main, to carry
the election against his Lordship's in-
terest, and conducted his measures
with such secrecy, that no opposition
was expected until the day of election.
At this moment, to the astonishment
and confusion of the Earl and his
agents, Sir Robert Darling, a former
sheriff of London, was proposed, and
immediately returned by a consider-
able majority!—This disobedience was
punished by the voters being instantly
ejected from their houses, and being
obliged to take refuge in huts and
tents, where they remained for six
months, until a promise of good be-
haviour in future so far softened the
rigour of his Lordship's resentment as
to suffer them all, with some few
exceptions, to repossess their former
dwellings.
The inhabitants, however, keeping this
severe treatment in remembrance, took
the first opportunity to retaliate, by a
repetition of their former conduct, and
in 1784, when his Lordship, having
every reason to apprehend that he
should lose his seat for the county,
offered himself and Mr. Jolliffe as their
candidates. The electors well knowing
that the deranged state of his Lord-
ship's private affairs would oblige him,
very shortly, to sell his property in
the Borough, took the opportunity of
again putting up their suffrages to the
highest bidder. One individual en-
gaged, that two persons, should be
chosen, against his Lordship's interest
and influence, for 6000l. This being
settled, a gentleman was employed to
go down; and he was met (according to
previous appointment) by the electors,
about a mile from the town. The
electors asked the stranger where he
came from ? He replied “From the
moon: they then asked, “What news
from the moon?"—He answered that
º
.
“he had brought from thence 6000l.
to be distributed among them, by the
borough agent;"—to whom the money
was then delivered. The electors being
thus satisfied with the ‘golden news
from the moon,’ chose the candidates,
and received their reward
“We have frequently heard of lunar
influence; but we never remember
to have met with such prevailing ar-
guments in favour of it as the above.
No one can therefore be surprised, that
nearly one hundred persons should be
so affected by this Cynthian impulse,
as to lose all sense of obligation to
their noble friend;—except that of
giving him the trouble of guarding
their political interests any longer.”
—Oldfield.


Sir Richard Steele was returned for this
Borough in 1722.

WENLOCK, Borough of Shropshire.
Edw. I V. 2 Bss.
PAUL-BEILBY THoMPson, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner. -
To. Res. 29, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Escrick Park, Yorkshire.

THE Hon. GEORGE - CECIL-WELD
For Ester. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. in the Horse Guards,
and a Groom of the King's Bed-
chamber.
Co. Se. Wilbey Park, Shropshire.
Rel. Bro. to Baron Forester.
R. of E. In the burgesses at large.
N. of V. About 200. Pop. 2140.
R. O. The Bailiff.
E. I. The Earl of Bradford and Baron
Forester.

This is said to be the first Borough that
sent burgesses to Parliament by virtue
of a Royal Charter: the same was
dated the 29th of Nov. 1478.
WEOBLY, Borough of Hereford-
shire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
LoRD WILLIAM THYNN.E. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Capt. in the 7th Regt. of Foot.
Rel, 4th son of the Marquess of Bath:
nephew to Lord John Thynne, M.P.
for Bath; to Baron Carteret, and
Earl Ashburnham: cousin to the
Earls of Aylesford and Chesterfield:
bro, to the other Member for Weo-

WEST
WEST
( 416 )
bly: bro.-in-law to the Duke of
Buccleugh; to Earl Cawdor; and
to the Hon. H. Lascelles, M.P. for
Northallerton.
LoRD HENRY'FREDEnickTHYNN e.
2d Parl.
Offi. A Capt. in the Royal Navy.
Rel. 2d son of the Marquess of Bath;
and as above.
R. of E. In theinhabitants of the ancient
vote-houses of 20 shillings per annum
rent, or upwards; residing in the Bo-
rough 40 days before the election, and
paying scot and lot; also in the own-
ers of such vote-houses, paying scot
and lot, who shall be resident in them
at the time of the election.
N. of V. Between 90 and 95. Pop. 750.
R. O. The two Constables.
E. I. Exercised by the Marquess of Bath,
who is the proprietor of the Borough.
The houses in this small hamlet are ge-
nerally deserted until the period of an
election, when the servants of the
Marquess of Bath bring beds, and
occupy them for several nights:–hav-
ing elected the Marquess's nominees,
they return to their homes!
WESTBURY”, Borough of Wilt-
shire. 27th Edw. III. 2 Bss.
SIR ALExANDER-CRAY GRANT, Bart.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
A West India Proprietor.
Offi. Chairman of the Committees in
the House of Commons.
Recorder of East Retford.
To. Res. 1, Carlton-gardens, Pall-
mall.
Co. Sc. Mulshanger House, Hants.
MICHAEL-GEon GE PRENDERG Ast,
Esq. 3d Parl.
Late Inspector of the Opium Mono-
poly in Bengal.
To.Res. 2, Grove—end-road, St. John's-
wood.
Co. Se. Ballyfare, Kildare, Ireland.
Rel, Nephew to Wiscount Gort, R.I.P.
R. of E. In the tenants or possessors of
certain burgage-holds, in fee, for life,
or for 99 years determinable upon
lives, or by copy of court-roll (paying
a rent of four-pence, or two-pence,
yearly), resident in the Borough, and
not receiving alms.
N. of V. Between 60 and 64.
Pop. Of the Borough, 2160; of the
Parish, 7950.
R. 0. The Mayor; who is elected by
the burgage-holders,
E. I. The late Earl of Abingdon pos-
sessed a majority of these burgage-
tenures, which were offered for sale by
public auction before a Master in
Chancery. The late Sir Manasseh
Lopez purchased them for 60,000 gui-
neas; and, as a reward for his im-
portant services to the government, he
was advanced to the dignity of Baronet,
although a Jew; and expected to be
created a Peer; but his unlucky con-
viction at the Launceston and Exeter
assizes for bribing the borough of
Grampound, and his expulsion from
the House of Commons, for bribing
the borough of Barnstaple, threw a
triſting obstacle in the way of his am-
bition.



Westbury in point of extent is very
small, has very few houses, and the
property is absolutely worth very little
as land: but its privilege of returning
two Members to the Commons House,
at 5000l. each, rendersitinvaluable to
the owner.

WESTMEATHSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
Gustavus Rochron T, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Rochfort, Westmeathshire.
Mont AGU-Low THER CHAPMAN, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Killnar Castle, in this County.

E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Longford,
and Mr. Rochfort, the Member.
* The first instance that occurs of election bribery was so early as the 13th of Eli-
zabeth, when one Thomas Longe, being a simple man, and of small capacity to
serve in Parliament, acknowledged he had given the returning officer and others, of
the Borough of Westbury, 41. to be returned member, and was for that premium
elected; but for this offence (“the said lewd and scandalous attempt”) the Borough
was amerced in the sum of Twenty Pounds, the Member was removed, and the



officer fined and imprisoned.—Blackstone.
WEST ( 417
) WEST
WESTMINSTER, City of Middle-
ser, 1st Edw. VI. 2 Cits.
San FRANCIs Bu RDErt, Bt. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 25, St. James's-place.
Co. Se. Foremark, Derbyshire; Rams-
bury Manor, Wiltshire; Draycott,
Leicestershire; and Wimbledon,
Surrey.
Rel. His lady is aunt to the lady of
Wiscount Sandon, M.P. for Tiverton.
John-CAM Hop Hous E, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner,
To. Res. 21, Charles-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Whitton Park, Middlesex.
Rel. Eld, son of Sir Benjamin Hob-
house, Bart. : bro, -in-law to the
Marquess of Tweeddale.
R. of E. In the inhabitant-householders,
paying scot and lot within the united
parishes of St. Margaret and St. John,
and the several parishes of St. Paul,
Covent-garden, St. Ann’s, St. James's,
St. George's, Hanover-square, and in
so much of the parishes of St. Martin-
racter rendered them acceptable to the
people. As a proof, however, that the
people—wherever they have the exer-
cise of that power which a free consti-
tution gives—will exercise it in defi-
ance of control, the electors of West-
minster, on a vacancy which happened
in 1769 (by Lord Sandys succeeding
to the peerage), feeling a just resent-
ment at the unconstitutional measures
adopted in respect to the Middlesex
election, and which were reprobated by
the whole kingdom, returned Sir Ro-
bert Bernard, who had distinguished
himself in support of the rights of the
freeholders of Middlesex, against all
the influence and intrigue of the ad-
ministration of that day.

In 1774, Viscount Mahon, afterwards
Earl Stanhope, and Viscount Mount-
morres, were candidates on the inde-
pendent interest; and Earl Percy, in
conjunction with the Earl of Lincoln,
son of the Duke of Newcastle, were
supported by the united interest of the
aristocracy and administration. The
two latter succeeded against the former
by a majority of nearly two to one.


in-the-Fields, St. Clement Danes, and From this period until the general elec-
St. Mary-le-Strand, as are not within
any of the four wards of the Duchy of
Lancaster.—May 11, 1589.
A revision being made of the above on
March 19, 1795, it was determined
that the right of voting extended to
“so much and such parts of the said
parishes of St. Martin-in-the-Fields
and St. Mary-le-Strand as are within
the liberties, district, limits, or juris-
diction of the Duchy of Lancaster);
also to the liberty or districts of St.
Martin-le-grand, in the county of
Middlesex, and of the precinct of the
Savoy.”
N. of V. About 17,000. Pop. 200,000.
tion of 1780, the city of Westminster
was ranked in public opinion with the
most obsequious Boroughs; the Dukes
of Newcastle and Northumberland
being considered as its political com-
manders-in-chief. So completely did
the ascendancy of these noblemen ap-
pear to be established, that upon the
accession of Earl Percy to the peerage,
on the death of his mother, their no-
mination of Lord Malden, son of the
Earl of Essex, was submitted to with
scarcely a show of opposition; although
Sir Watkin Lewes was proposed by
several independent electors, who of—
fered to defray the expenses of a poll.
R. O. The High Bailiff, who is ap- In 1780, this city effectually burst the
pointed by the Dean and Chapter of
Westminster.
This City has been the scene of many
great political struggles.
It was formerly considered as a Court
Borough, from being the seat of roy-
alty and the residence of the govern-
ment; most of the offices of which are
situate within its limits. Its repre-
sentatives were generally selected from
the sons of those noblemen who were
highest in court favour, or from mi-
nisterial admirals, whose naval cha-
chains of aristocratical influence. The
inhabitants having formed an associa-
tion for the purpose of effecting a par-
liamentary reform; correcting the ex-
penditure of the revenue; and putting
an end to the ruinous American war;
and that association having appointed a
committee, composed of gentlemen of
the first ability, patriotism, and inte-
grity; the emancipation of this popu-
lous city was effected by their united
exertions. The ministry, fearing the
vigorous arm of associated independ-

3 H
WEST ( 418 ) WEST
ence would be too powerful, con-
tented themselves with attempting to
carry one Member, in the person of
Lord Lincoln; uniting with him the
popularity of Sir George (afterwards
Lord) Rodney. The association pro-
posed their own illustrious chairman,
the Right Hon. Charles-James Fox.
After a poll of 21 days, and an ex-
pense of 60,000l., Mr. Fox was re-
turned by a majority of 626 over Lord
Lincoln.
In 1782, Sir George Rodney vacated his
seat by accepting a peerage, when Sir
Cecil Wray, Bart. was invited by the
committee of the association to become
a candidate, and was unanimously ap-
proved and elected by the constituent
body.
The unpopular coalition which took place
the following year—which divided the
people from the Parliament, and the
supporters of liberty from the cause
itself—created a division between the
great assertor of this city's independ-
ence, and his virtuous colleague, Sir
Cecil Wray;-men whose integrity was
inviolable, whose patriotism was un-
shaken, and in whom the genuine
principles of freedom were congenial.
The aristocracy did not fail to improve
this opportunity; and, in alliance with
the administration of the day, took
advantage of popular resentment and
disunion, to introduce Lord Hood at
the ensuing general election in 1784.
His Lordship, however, vacating his
seat in 1788, on being appointed one
of the Lords of the Admiralty, the in-
dependence of the city again manifested
itself in the rejection of a placeman,
and in the choice of Lord John Town-
shend, by a majority equal to that
which was obtained by Mr. Fox on his
first election.
This victory was, however, obtained at
the expense of 80,000l.,-a tax so enor-
mous and severe upon the freedom of
election, as to obliterate even the name.
A disgraceful compromise, to return a
Member of each party, was the conse-
quence of such ruinous expenses; by
which the independence of the city,
and its right to perfect representation,
were sacrificed; for, whatever public
measure had the sanction of one Mem-
ber, must in such a case be opposed by
the other; and the most populous city
in the kingdom was thus, of course,
deprived of its voice in all national
concerns.
Mr. Horne Tooke, in 1790, and Mr.
Graham, an auctioneer, in 1796, made a
formidable opposition to this unconsti-
tutional coalition; but unsuccessfully.
On the death of Mr. Fox, Mr. Dennis
O’Brien and Mr. Sheridan offered
themselves for Westminster, but the
Whig Club declaring in favour of
Lord Percy (now Duke of Northum-
berland), they withdrew, and the young
nobleman was accordingly elected with-
out opposition. At the general elec-
tion in 1806, which followed soon
after, the candidates were the Right
Hon. R.—B. Sheridan, Treasurer of
the Navy, Commodore Sir Samuel
Hood, and James Paull, Esq. lately
M.P. for Newton, Hants.-Sir Francis
Burdett having declined an invitation
to stand, subscribed 1000l. towards
Mr. Paull's expenses; but at the dis-
solution of the short Parliament which
followed, a misunderstanding, fol-
lowed by a duel, severed the con-
nexion between Mr. Paull and Sir
Francis.-The contest lasted during
15 days, with doubtful success; but
at last terminated in favour of Sir S.
Hood and Mr. Sheridan. Mr. Paull
petitioned against the return, but the
parliament did not exist longer than
six months;–consequently his petition
was not brought to an issue.
On the dissolution, in May 1807, Mr.
Sheridan, Mr. Elliot, the brewer, Mr.
Paull, and Lord Cochrane, were the
candidates; but after the poll had
commenced Sir Francis Burdett (who
was at that time confined to his bed,
by a dangerous wound which he had
received in the duel with Mr. Paull)
was put in nomination even without
his knowledge. He was soon at the
head of the poll; and at its close, at
the end of 15 days, he and Lord Coch-
rane were declared to be duly elected.
Sir Francis was returned without ex-
pense, or without soliciting a single
vote:—the city of Westminster thus
setting the glorious example to the
whole country, of sending a Member
independently to parliament.
In 1812, the same gentlemen were again
returned, without solicitation or ex-
pense; and, on Lord Cochrane being
expelled the House in 1814, upon the
conviction which took place on the





WEST
WEST
( 419 )
Stock Exchange prosecution, his con-
stituents manifested their opinion of
his innocence by unanimously re-elect-
ing him. He took the oaths and his
seat on his escape from the King's
Bench prison, on the 4th of July,
1815; and it is remarkable, that, on
that day, the bill for granting an addi-
tional provision to the Duke of Cum-
berland, in consequence of his marriage
with the Duchess of Salms, was thrown
out by a majority of one /
In 1818, the ministry, thinking the dis-
union that prevailed between the Whigs
and the Reformers gave them a fair
opportunity to recover the government
influence in Westminster, made a great
effort to bring in Captain Sir Murray
Maxwell. The Whigs, not less anx-
ious to restore the interest established
by the late Mr. Fox, proposed Sir
Samuel Romilly. The independent
interest was unfortunately divided; the
friends of Sir Francis Burdett nomi-
nating the Hon. Douglas Kinnaird,
in conjunction with their popular and
respected Member:—for, Lord Coch-
rane had declined previously to the
election, on accepting the command of
the naval force of the new republic of
Chili. Major Cartwright, whose talent
and weight of character, whose unde-
viating patriotism, and constant exer-
tions in the cause of reform, during
forty years, had given him the highest
claim, was proposed by many of the
most independent electors;–as was,
also, Mr. Henry Hunt, one of the
present Members for Preston. In this
contest the Tories were defeated; and
it was demonstrated that, if the Re-
formers and Whigs had been united,
their victory would have been sig-
malized by a majority of two to one.
Sir Samuel Romilly and Sir Francis
Burdett were the successful candidates.
A vacancy being occasioned in 1819, by
the death of Sir S. Romilly, John
Cam Hobhouse, Esq. was proposed
by Sir F. Burdett; but many of the
Reformers, thinking Major Cartwright
had a claim superior to any other per-
son, proposed that gentleman, and
finding that a division among the
friends of Reform was likely to defeat
the success of both, actually voted for
the Hon. George Lamb. The latter was
supported by the Whig interest, and
succeeded, after a violent contest and a
poll of fifteen days, in consequence of
this disunion among the independent
supporters of parliamentary reform.
At the next election Sir Francis and his
protegée, Mr. Hobhouse, were both
chosen; and they have represented this
city ever since.


WESTMORELAND, County of *.
49th Hen. III. 2 Kts.
Viscount Low THE R. 5th Parl.
N. & S. William Lowther, F.S.A.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
Lieut. Col. Commandant of the
Westmoreland Militia.
Late First Commissioner of Woods
and Forests.
To. Res. 14A, Albany.
Co. Se. Lowther Castle, Westmore-
land.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Lonsdale:
bro. to the Hon. Henry-Cecil Low-
ther, the other Member for West-
moreland: bro.-in-law to the Rt.
Hon. Sir John Beckett, Bart., M.P.
for Haslemere; and to Lord W.-
J.-F. Powlett, M.P. for the County
of Durham: nephew to Sir John
Lowther, Bart., M.P. for Cumber-
land: cousin to John-Henry Low-

ther, Esq., M.P. for Wigton.
* This county seems to have been overlooked by William I., either on account of
its apparent barrenness, or its remoteness from the capital; for the lands were not
disposed of till thereign of King John; who, to reward the great services of Robert
de Vipont, granted him the castles of Battle and Brough, together with the whole
bailiwick of Westmoreland.
It is remarkable, also, that it never was divided into
hundreds, wapentakes, or rapes, like other counties; the reason of which is supposed
to be, because the inhabitants paid no subsidies, they having been thought sufficiently
charged in being obliged to defend that part of the kingdom against the Scots. This

county is seated in the province of York:
that part which is called the Barony of
Westmoreland, is comprehended in the diocese of Carlisle; and the other part, called
the Barony ºf Kendal, in the diocese of Chester;-both baronies containing thirty-
two large parishes.
WEXF
WEXF
( 420 )
The Hon. HENRY-CEcil Lowth Ea.
8th Parl.
Off. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
70. Res. 31, Bruton-street.
Rel. 2d son of the Earl of Lonsdale:
bro.-in-law to the Earl of Harbo-
rough: bro. to the other Member
for Westmoreland, and consequently
similarly related.
E. I. The Earl of Lonsdale’s interest
predominates in this extensive County,
which, including the Borough of Ap-
pleby, returns only four Members to
Parliament.
The Earl of Thanet is hereditary sheriff
of this county, and proprietor of the
castle at Appleby; and many inde-
pendent gentlemen reside within its
limits; but the most spirited efforts
of the freeholders to support their right
to a free election are here inefficient:
for no opposition to the Earl of Lons-
dale’s nomination of Members to re-
present it in Parliament can ever be
productive even of a probability of
success;–his large estates being suffi-
cient to procure a passive obedience to
his authority on all occasions.
WEXFORDSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
ARTHURCHICHESTER, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner,
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 38, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Coalhurst, Sussex; and Dun-
brody Park, Ireland.
Rel. Nephew and heir-apparent to the
Marquess of Donegal.
Wiscount VALENTIA.
N. & S. George-Arthur Annesley.
Co. Se, Carnolin Park, in this County.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Mount-
norris.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquesses of
Donegal, Anglesey, and Ely, and the
Earl of Mountnorris.
WEXFORD, Borough of Wexford-
shire, Ire. A. U. 41st Geo. III. 1 Bs.
WILLIAM WIGRAM, Esq. 3d Parl.
Occ. A Director of the East India
Company; and Brewer in London,
of the firm of Reid and Co.
To. Res, 56. Upper Harley-street.
Co. Se, Walthamstow House, Essex;
and Belmont Lodge, Worcestershire.
Rel. Eld. son of Sir R. Wigram,
Bart.: brother to Money Wigram,
Esq., a Director of the Bank of
England.
R. of E. In the corporation and bur-
esses.
N. of V. 160.
E. I. Possessed by the Marquess of Ely
and Mr. Neville.
WEYMOUTH and MELCOMBE
REGIS, United Boroughs of, Dorset-
shire.
12th Edw. II. and 8th Edw. III. 4 Bss.
MASTERT on URE, Esq. 5th Parl.
Prof. A Writer to the King's Signet
in Scotland.
Occ. A West India Proprietor, as
Trustee for Sir F. Johnstone.
To. Res. 16, Lower Brook-street.
THoMAs-Fowl:LL BUxton, Esq.
4th Parl.
Occ. A Brewer in London.
Offi. Treasurer to the Society for the
improvement of Prison Disci-
pline, &c.
Treasurer to the Spital-fields Sun-
day Schools.
To. Res. 54, Devonshire-street, Port-
land-place.
Co. Se. Cromer Hall, Norfolk.
John Gordon, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 25, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Cluny, Inverness-shire.
Occ. An East India Proprietor.
A West India Proprietor, as Trustee
for Sir F. Johnstone.
SIR. Edw. -BURTEN's HAw SUGDEN,
Kt.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Offi. A King's Counsel.
Late Solicitor General.
To. Res. 10,0ld-square, Lincoln’s-inn;
and 71, Guildford-street.
Co. Se. Tilgate-forest Lodge, Sussex.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, bur-
gesses, and freeholders within the Bo-
rough, not receiving alms.
N. of V. Nearly 600.
Pop. of Weymouth, 2200; of Mel-
combe, 2546:—Total, 4746.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. One moiety exercised by Mr.
Gordon and Mr. Ure, the trustees of
Sir G. F. Johnstone (who is a minor),
WEYM
) WEYM
( 421
in favour of themselves: the other by
the corporation.
These Boroughs were united by Queen
Elizabeth into one corporation: she
permitted them still to retain the pri-
vilege of returning 4 burgesses to Par-
liament.—Weymouth, which is a sea-
port in the parish of Wike Regis, is
divided from Melcombe Regis by the
river Wye, over which there is a
wooden bridge of seventeen arches. It
formerly carried on a considerable
trade, and was the principal port of
the County; but it is now rivalled by
Poole: as a summer watering place,
however, it still retains its celebrity.
since the visits of his late Majesty
George III., about 50 years ago.—
Melcombe is a market town, in the
parish of Radipole, in the same county.
These Boroughs were the property of the
famous Bubb Doddington, in whose
celebrated Diary their history forms a
complete account of the politics of the
periods when Sir Robert Walpole,
Lord Wilmington, Mr. Henry Pelham,
the Dukes of Newcastle and Devon-
shire, and the first Mr. Pitt, were
ministers. They afterwards became
the property of Gabriel Steward, Esq.,
who, in consequence, obtained the lu-
crative office of Paymaster of Marines,
worth 6000l. per annum. This gentle-
man sold them to Sir William Pul-
teney, from whom they descended to
his daughter; and afterwards to his
nephew, Sir John Johnstone.—In con-
sequence of a decision of a Committee
of the House, in Feb. 1804, that the
right of election was “in persons seised
of freeholds within the Borough,” 200
freeholds were immediately split into
2000; and freeholders of Weymouth
were to be found in London, and in
almost all the towns and villages to
the Land’s-end in Cornwall, and in
the islands of Jersey and Guernsey;
whence many hundreds were afterwards
brought at an enormous expense, to
vote at every election for this Bo-
rough 1–Some, even, voted for the
thirteen hundred and sixtieth part of
a sixpenny freehold!—Upon the death
of Sir John Johnstone, father of the
present proprietor, no less than 1200
freeholds, which had been created for
occasional voting, and made for the
joint lives of Sir John Johnstone and
the freeholders, became extinct; and
it cost more than 10,000l. to renew the
parchments for creating a new set of
surreptitious voters, who were made
by substituting the name of Mr. Ure,
(one of the trustees for the Minor.) in-
stead of that of the defunct Baronet.
It is well known, that on this occasion,
hundreds of persons made interest
among the attornies employed, to get
their names inserted in the deeds; in
order to have the opportunity of par-
taking of the drunkenness and feasting
that take place at elections.
It is said that 130,000l. have been spent
to keep up the family interest in this
Borough.
This system of creating votes on fractional
parts of freeholds was put an end to, in
consequence of a report of a committee
of the House of Commons in 1813.
An Act was passed in that year, ex-
tending the operation of the statute of
King William against fraudulent con-
veyances, (intended to multiply free-
holds and divide the interest in them),
to cases where such multiplication or
division of interest in freeholds was
made by devise with the same object.
Since April, 1813, therefore, the right
of voting in Weymouth and Mel-
combe Regis has been only in persons
seised of real freeholds within the Bo-
rough, and corporators.

There have been many contests respect-
ing these freeholds; but, at the general
election of 1818, a coalition took place
between the trustees for the proprietor,
and what is called the town interest;
—the former were compelled to admit
two Members named by the town in-
terest to be united with two of their
own nomination. As regarded the
parliamentary interests of the Minor,
these guardians considered that such
could not be in safer keeping than their
own; consequently, they have always
returned themselves as the representa-
tives of Sir G. F. Johnstone; and one
of them, it would appear by a late
inquiry, considered that a coronet
would not be too great a reward for
his patriotism, and attention to the
interests of the young baronet.—Those
of his constituents were of course be-
neath the consideration of this would-
be Lord –they were to servenerely as
the steps of the ladder of his ambition.

The celebrated George-Bubb Dodding-
ton represented this united Borough,
WHIT ( 422 ) WICK
and took his title of Lord Melcombe
from one part of it.
Sir Christopher Wren sat for Melcombe
in 1701; and Sir James Thornhill, the
painter of the Dome of St. Paul’s, the
Painted Hall at Greenwich Hospital,
&c. sat in the Parliaments of 1722 and
1727.
In the list of its representatives, we also
-
-
find the name of the notorious Anthony
Henley. This was the virtual repre-
sentative who, in reply to his consti-
tuents, who had written to him, re-
questing that he would oppose the Ex-
cise Bill, wrote the following pithy
reply, for which he was afterwards
compelled to beg pardon, on his knees,
at the bar of the House:-
“Gentlemen,
I received yours, and am surprised
at your insolence in troubling me
about the Excise. You know, what
I very well know,-that I bought
you: and, by G–! I am determined
to sell you. And I know, what per-
haps you think I do not know, that
you are now selling yourselves to some-
body else. But I know, what you do
not know, and that is, that I am
buying another borough. –May G–’s
curse alight on you all! May your
houses and shops be as open and com-
mon to all Excise officers, as your wives
and daughters were to me and mine,
when I stood for your rascally corpo-
ration 1
“Yours, most disobediently,
“ANT Hony HEN LEY.”
Well did that clever young legislator,
Captain Shelley, say, during the late
discussion of the Reform Bill, that the
Rot TEN Bo Roughs produced the
MOST INDEPENDENT MEMBERS
of PARLIAMENT |
WHITCHURCH, Borough of Hants.
27th Eliz. 2 Bss.
SIR SAMUEL Scott, Bart. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker and Corn-factor.
To. Res. 1, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Sundridge Park, Bromley,
Kent; Lytchet-Minster, Dorset.
Parl. Pat. One Mem. for this Borough.
THE Hon. H.-G.-P. Townshen D.
(Elected in the room of the Hon. J.-R.
Townshend, now Viscount Sydney.)
Prof. Col. of the 1st Foot Guards.
Rel. Uncle to Viscount Sydney.
R. of E. In the holders of 70 burgage-
tenures, in right of themselves and
their wives. Pop. 1470.
R. O. The Mayor, who is appointed at
the Court-Leetofthe Dean and Chapter
of Winchester; and having no function
or power but that of signing his name
to the return of the Members!
E. I. Possessed by Viscount Sydney and
Sir Samuel Scott.—Wiscount Middle-
ton, I.P. (Baron Broderick, U.K.)
had one moiety until lately; and
Whitchurch was generally represented
by his brother and one of the Sydneys.
As all the burgage-holds are vested in
the two proprietors, except 13, they
have merely to make out about 40 or 50
temporary conveyances for the day of
election. The electors are of course
fictitious, and go through the ceremony,
in half an hour, of sending two repre-
sentatives to St. Stephen's Chapel;-
but they are never intrusted with pos-
session of the instruments, by which
they pretend to be authorised thus to
insult the whole Commons of England.


The representatives of even this con-
temptible little Borough have not
been without their peccadilloes. In
1721, Thomas Vernon, Esq. “was
expelled the House, for attempting to
bribe General Rosse, another Member
of Parliament, and one of the com-
mittee of secrecy, in relation to a matter
depending before the House.”
WICKLOWSHIRE, Ireland.
A. U. 41st Geo. III. 2 Kts.
JAMES GRATTAN, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Timnchurch, Wicklowshire.
RALPH. How ARD, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Bushy Park, Wicklowshire.
E. I. Exercised by the Earls of Wicklow
and Fitzwilliam. The Hon. Hugh
Howard is a Governor of this County.
WIGAN, Borough of Lancashire.
23d Edw. I- 2 Bss.
J. H. KEARSLEY, Esq.
Co. Se. Higher Hall, within West-
leagh, Lancaster.
WIGT
WILT
( 423 )
JAMEs LINDSAY, Esq. 3d Parl.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
Capt. in the Grenadier Guards.
To. Pes. 14, Lower Berkeley-street.
Co. Se. Balcarras, Fifeshire.
Rel. Cous. to the Earl of Balcarras.
R. of E. In the free burgesses.
N. of V. From 210 to 220. Pop. 36,640.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Earl of Balcar-
TaS.
WIGTONSHIRE, Scotland.
A. U. 6th Anne.
Sir ANDR Fw AGNEw, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Locknau Castle, in this County.
M. of V. Real, 16; Nominal, 34:-
Total, 50. Pop. 28,000.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Galloway.
! Com.
WIGTON, STRANRAER, NEW
GALLOWAY, and WHITEHORN,
a District of Scottish Boroughs.
A. U. 6th Anne. 1 Com.
John-HENRY Low THER, Esq.4th Par.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 32, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se, Swillington, Yorkshire.
Rel. Son of Sir John Lowther, Bart.
M.P. for Cumberland: nephew to
the Earl of Lonsdale: cous. to Vis-
count Lowther, and the Hon. H.-C.
Lowther, both Members for West-
moreland.
R. of E. In 75 town-councilmen of the
several Boroughs, who elect delegates
to vote for the Member.
N. of V. 4. Pop. 6900.
E. I. The Earl of Galloway.
WILTON, Borough of Wilts.
23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
John HUNGERFord PEN RUDDock E,
Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 35, Curzon-street.
Co. Se. Compton House, Salisbury,
Wilts.
HENRY Lytton BULw ER, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 8, Manchester-buildings.
Rel. Brother to Edward Lytton Bul-
wer, Esq. the ingenious author of
** PELHAM,”
R. of E. In the mayor, recorder, five
aldermen, three capital burgesses, and
eleven common-councilmen, who are to
do all corporate acts and to receive the
Sacrament 1–March 17, 1710.
N. of W. 21. Pop, 2006.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Possessed by the Earl of Pembroke.
WILTSHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 2 Afs.
John BENETT, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Hes. 19, Albemarle-street.
Co. Se. Pytt House, Salisbury, Wilts.
SIR. Jacob Dugdale Astley, Bart.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 10, Langham-place,
Co. Se. Everleigh House, near Pew-
sey, Wilts,
Pop. 225,500.
The principal corn-market of Wiltshire
being held at Devizes, whenever there
is any previously known opposition for
the election of County Members, the
nominationismade at Devizes, although
the election takes place at Salisbury.
If there be no third candidate, the no-
mination takes place at Wilton, a small
decayed place, but the County Town.

The Duke of Somerset; the Marquesses
of Lansdowne and Bath; the Earls
of Pembroke, Suffolk, Radnor, Claren-
don and Nelson; Viscount Boling-
broke; Barons Arundel and Holland:
and Sir Francis Burdett, Bart., are
land owners of this county.

The freeholders and yeomen of this
county are as independent, generally,
in their minds as in their fortunes:
and a combination of the great men
of the county, for the purpose of de-
priving them of their constitutional pri-
vileges of electing their own repre-
sentatives, has on all occasions tended
to expose the inability and arbitrary
principles of the one party, whilst it has
been the means of exciting the manly
exertions of the other in support of their
rights. In 1770, Mr. Herbert, after-
wards the Earl of Caernarvon, was pro-
posed as one of the candidates, and was
supported by the whole aristocracy of
the county. The independent free-
holders felt an honourable resentment
at such arbitrary presumption; the in-
WINC ( 424 ) WINC
tention of which was to render their
own suffrages of no effect: they there-
fore proposed Mr. Ambrose Goddard,
one of their own body; and, after a
poll of several days, victory was in his
favour.—In 1812, an attempt was made
to render the representation of this
county subject to the nomination of
two clubs, called the Beckhampton
and Devizes Clubs, from the places of
their meeting; who, under pretence
of maintaining the independence of
the county, nominated the Members
themselves; but Mr. Paul Methuen
having offered himself in opposition to
the club nominee, he was received by
the independent freeholders in such a
manner as to demonstrate that they
were no farther to be influenced by
clubs in 1812, than by the nobility in
1770. Mr. Methuen was unanimously
elected. The Wiltshire people have
also shown themselves to be, on all
occasions, zealous in the cause of Par-
liamentary Reform.
This County, which was once much richer
and more populous than it is now, re-
turns no less than thirty-four Members
to the Commons House of Parliament,
viz. two Knights of the Shire, two
Citizens (for Salisbury), and thirty
Burgesses for fifteen decayed Bo-
roughs.
WINCHELSEA, a Cinque Port and
N. of V. From 35 to 40. Pop. 830.
R. O. The Mayor, whose fee at an
election is 200l. '
E. I. Exercised by the Marquess of Cleve-
land.
Winchelsea may be considered as having
been wholly a Treasury Borough, till
1754, when the late Arnold Nesbit,
Esq., an Irish gentleman, and until
then entirely unknown in this place,
was returned by the then minister, the
Duke of Newcastle. Mr. Nesbit began
immediately to make purchases, to a
considerable amount, of estates within
the town and in the neighbourhood;
with a view of securing to himself a
control over the borough in future. In
this project he succeeded so far as to
establish fully the command over one
of the seats; and, occasionally, when
he chanced to be well with the Trea-
sury, over both.
About 1762, Mr. Nesbit, being at that
time in opposition, a violent attack
was made by government on this bo.
rough, under the auspices of the Earl
of Egremont, who had a large estate
in the neighbourhood, in order to bring
it back to its former allegiance to the
Treasury.—Other attacks have since
been made, in which the government
has, at times, so far succeeded as to
return one Member.
In the course of these conflicts, which
were of long continuance, and of course
Borough, Sussea.
11th IIen. III. 2 Barons.
John WILLIAMs, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 28, Grosvenor-square.
Offi. Attorney General to the Queen.
STEPHEN Lush INgton. Esq. D.c. L.
(Elected in the room of THE Hon.
HENRY DUNDAs, eld. son of Wis-
count Melville.)
To. Res. Great George-street, West-
minster.
R. of E. In the mayor, jurats, and free-
men; who need not be, and seldom
are, resident; and who, also, are not
obliged to qualify themselves by re-
ceiving the Sacrament according to
the Corporation Act. Feb. 11, 1711.
—According to the old custumal, and
the true constitution of the place, every
son of a freeman and every freeholder
were entitled to their freedom.
very expensive, the death of the Earl
of Egremont took place, and there
being, in consequence, a temporary de-
ficiency of cash, Mr. Wardroper, the
Treasury agent, who was then in the
office of town-clerk, having occasion
for larger sums of money to carry on
the battle than it was convenient for
government to supply him with, actu-
ally pawned the charters, custumal,
and all the records of the corporation,
with a Mr. Wilson, an understrapper
to the minister. At a convenient season
the pledge was redeemed by the Trea-
sury.
Mr. Nesbit having died indebted to the

crown, to the amount of nearly 100,000l.
and otherwise much embarrassed (to
which his expenses at this place not a
little contributed, as he had the cha-
racter of being a liberal paymaster to
his virtuous constituents), a decree for
the sale of all his property was made
WINC ( 425 ) WINC

by the Court of Chancery. Mr. J.
Nesbit, his nephew, then Member for
Gatton, a very short time before the
promulgation of this fatal decree, en-
tered into a treaty with the Earl of
Darlington and Mr. Barwell, the nabob
ſº. of Tregony), for the sale of the
orough. At first, a much larger
price was required of them than they
were willing to give: but, after many
difficulties, a bargain was struck for
15,000l., which, considering the present
market price, may be considered a
cheap purchase;—especially as imme-
diate possession was given.
Where the right of voting in a Borough
depends upon property, as in a free-
hold or burgage-hold borough, it is
easy to conceive that the seats in Par-
liament may be marketable commo-
dities; but, as the elective franchise
in this place is not connected with
property, but depends upon freedom,
it is clear, that, in the sale above
alluded to, the voters themselves, like
so many beasts in a pen at Smithfield,
were bartered in the transfer.
But, what is not a little curious, it is
certain that in the present instance
the bargain was made without the
consent, knowledge, or privity of any
of the voters. They, however, con-
cluded that their customary fee of
1001, per man would be paid as
usual, either by their present or former
owners: —but, they were referred from
one party to another for upwards of
two years, without being satisfied in
their demands.-Atlength, these Win-
chelsea freemen began to show serious
signs of discontent, and even of revolt;
insomuch, that it was thought prudent
by those interested to comply with
their request; that is, by letting them
have the long delayed douceur.
The Earl of Darlington (now Marquess
of Cleveland) having afterwards pur-
chased the property belonging to Mr.
Barwell, became sole proprietor of the
Borough.
This Cinque Port has been always no-
torious for its corruption. In the
year 1622, Paul Wymond, the mayor,
having been convicted of threatening
and terrifying some of the electors, and
of unlawfully excluding others from
giving their votes, also of other corrupt
though indirect practices, was placed
at the bar of the House of Commons
as a delinquent; and was there severely
reprimanded, and sentenced to be com-
mitted to prison, and afterwards to
make submission on his knees, at the
bar of the House of Commons; and
again at Winchelsea, in court, before
the jurats and freemen.
In 1702, Mr. Edwards, the mayor, for
similar improper conduct was taken
into custody; reprimanded in the same
disgraceful manner; and in conse-
quence of a resolution of the House of
Commons, was turned out of all his
places in the customs; notwithstanding
every effort was made by the Treasury,
whose tool and creature he was, to pro-
tect him from the vengeance of the le-
gislature.
In 1711, it appeared in evidence, to a
Committee of the House of Commons,
that Sir Francis Dashwood had paid
30l. to each of those who voted for
him, besides giving a douceur to all
the wives and daughters of the freemen.
These are only a few out of many in-
stances of the most detestable venality
which could be adduced, to show the
necessity of a complete revision of the
whole system of Borough Representa-
tion; and it is not a little creditable
to the noble proprietor of this very
Borough, that he is friendly to the
contemplated measure of Parliamentary
Reform.



wiNCHESTER, city of, Hants.
23d Edw. I. 2 City.
PAULET St. John MILDMAY, Esq.
4th Parl.

Occ. A Merchant. -
Offi. Mayor of Winchester.
SIR. Edward HYDE EAst, Bt. 3d Par.
A West India Proprietor.
Late Chief-Justice in Bengal.
To. Res. 12, Stratford-place.
Co. Se. Addlestrop House, Chipping
Norton, Oxon.
R. 0ſ E. In the mayor, recorder, alder-
men, bailiffs, and corporation.
N. of V. 34. Pop. 7500.
R. O. The two Bailiffs.
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Buck-
ingham and Lady St. John Mildmay,
The Duke obtained his influence by
marriage with the heiress of the House
of Chandos;–Lady Mildmay, bybeing
the descendant of the Dukes of Bolton.
These two families have had possession
3 I
WOOT
WIND
( 426 )
of the representation of this Borough
from the year 1690.
Sir Robert Holmes, M. P. for Winches-
ter in the reign of Charles II., is re-
corded in the Pension List of that
King to have been “first a livery-
boy, then a highwayman, now ba-
shaw of the Isle of Wight; that he got
in boons and by rapine 100,000l. ; and
that he was the cursed beginner of the
two Dutch wars.”
WINDSOR, Borough of Berkshire.
30th Edw. I. 2 Bss.
John RAMs Bottom, Esq. 6th Parl.
Occ. A Banker in London, and
Brewer at Windsor, -
To. Res. 1 F, Albany.
Co. Se. Woodside, near Windsor,
THE R.T. Hon. EDw ARD-GE of FREY-
SMITH STANLEY. 2d Parl.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
To Res. 5, Whitehall-yard.
Rel. Son of Lord Stanley, M.P. for
Lancashire: grandson of the Earl
of Derby: son-in-law of Baron
Skelmersdale.
R. of E. In the inhabitants at large,
paying scot and lot, as decided in
1690.
N. of V. About 620.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. The Court and Mr. Ramsbottom
have each a moiety of influence in this
Borough. But both Members were
returned by the Castle interest until
1804.
The celebrated architect of St. Paul’s Ca-
thedral, SIR CHRIs Top HER WREN,
represented Windsor in the Parlia-
ments of 1688 and 1713.
Pop. 6040.
WOODSTOCK, NEW, Boroughof,
Oafordshire. 30th Edw. I. 2 B&s.
THE MARQUEss of BLANDFord.
2d Parl.
N. & S. George-Spencer Churchill.
To. Res. 3, Cumberland-place.
Rel. Eld. son of the Duke of Marl-
borough: nephew to Baron Churchill;
and to the Countess of Shaftesbury:
cousin to the Hon. George-James-
Welbore-Agar Ellis, M.P. for
Oakhampton; and to the Hon. A.-
F. Ellis, M.P. for Seaford: son-in-
law to the Earl of Galloway: bro,-
in-law to Lord Garlies, M.P. for
Cockermouth; and to the lady of the
Hon. W. Duncombe, M. P. for
Yorkshire: brother to the other
member for this Borough, viz.
LD. CHARLEs-SPEN cert CHURCHILL.
To. Res. 5, Grosvenor-gate.
Co. Se. Blenheim, Oxfordshire.
Rel. As above.
R. of E. In the mayor, aldermen, and
freemen.
M. of V. About 400.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Exercised by the Duke of Marl-
borough; this Borough constituting a
part of his manorand honour of Wood-
stock, conferred and settled on the
celebrated John, first Duke of Marl-
borough, and his descendants, by Oueen
Anne, who also built for him the
splendid mansion of Blenheim in the
adjoining park.
Pop. 1540.

WOOTTON BASSET, Boroughof,
Wiltshire, 25th Hen. VI. 2 Bss,
THoMAs-HYDE WILLIERs, Esq. .
2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Rel, Nephew to the Earl of Clarendon.
Viscount MAHon.
N. & S. Philip-Henry Stanhope.
To. Res. 12, Albemarle-street.
Co. Se. Chevening, Kent.
Rel. Eld, son of Earl Stanhope.
R. of E. In the corporation and inhabit-
ants paying scot and lot.
N. of V. About 150.
R. O. The Mayor.
E. I. Mr. Pitt and the Earl of Clarendon.
Mr. Pitt is a Banker in Cirencester,
and not only possesses a moiety of this
Borough, but also returns himself for
Cricklade and two other Members for
Malmesbury.
This Borough was under the influence of
the Bolingbroke and Clarendon fami-
lies for upwards of a century; and,
after a strong contest between them for
the entire mastership, in 1784, each
agreed to send a Member. They con-
tinued to do so till 1807; the electors
being mostly poor labouring men in
the employment of these noblemen or
their tenants.
In 1807, Mr. Kibblewhite, an attorney
in Gray's—inn, having erected and pur-
chased 108 houses of the meaner sort,
and obtained a judgment of ouster, in
Pop. 1736.
WORC
WORC
( 427 )
the Court of King's Bench, against
5 out of 15 of the corporation, for in-
formality in their proceedings (causing
his brother and four others of his own
party to be appointed in their room),
opposed the united interest of the
Lords, and procured the return of two
Members by a great majority. Upon
this occasion the price of votes rose
from twenty to forty-five guineasaman.
One of the Members chosen at this elec-
tion, vacating his seat soon afterwards,
Benjamin Walsh, Esq., a stock-broker
in London, was returned, who, becom-
ing a bankrupt shortly afterwards, it
appeared, upon his examination, that
he had paid 4000 guineas for his seatſ
He was, during the same Parliament,
convicted at the Old Bailey of a fraud
upon Sir Thomas Plumer, and there-
upon expelled the House.
Mr. K. soon afterwards sold his houses
and interest to Mr. Pitt for 22,000l.
This miserable decayed town is celebrated
for its corruption. Mr. R. Knight, the
Member for Wallingford, purchased
some property here with the view of
being entitled to a seat in Parliament;
but the expense was so great that he
relinquished his purpose.
Henry St. John, afterwards the celebrated
Lord Bolingbroke, was returned for
this Borough in the years 1701, 2 and 5.
WORCESTERSHIRE.
13th Edw. III. 2 Kts.
THE Hon. HENRY-BEAUCHAMP
Lygon. 5th Parl.
Offi. A Col. in the Army.
Lieut. Col. of the 1st Regt. of Life
Guards.
To. Res. 16, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Spring-hill, Broadway, Wor-
cestershire.
Rel. Bro. to Earl Beauchamp: son-
in-law to the Earl of St. Germans,
THE Hon. THoMAs-HENRY Foley.
A Land Owner.
Rel, Son of Baron Foley.
Pop. 187,600.
The political history of Worcestershire
has been remarkable for the unconsti-
tutional interference of the Bishop of
the diocese in the general election in
1702, in the first year of the reign of
Queen Anne, and the merited punish-
ment he experienced upon that occasion.
This County returns nine Members to
Parliament; including two citizens for
Worcester, four burgesses for two
Boroughs, and one for the Borough of
Bewdley.

WORCESTER, City of, Worcester-
shire. 23d Edw. I. 2 Cits.
THoMAs-HENRY-HAsTING's DAVIES,
Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
Offi. A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
Co. Se. Elmley Castle, Worcestershire.

GEoRGE-RICHARD Robinson, Esq.
2d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant and East India
Proprietor.
To. Res. 5, John-street, Adelphi.
Co. Se. Dorset Cottage, Fulham.
R. of E. In the citizens not receiving
alms, and admitted by birth, servitude,
or redemption to trade within the
city.
N. of V. About 2000.
R. O. The Sheriff.
E. I. In the corporation.
Pop. 17,840.
WYCOMBE, CHIPPING, Borough
of, Bucks. 28th Edw. I. 2 Bss.

SIR John DASH wood KING, Bart.
9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 53, Green-street, Grosvenor-
square.
Co. 8e. West Wycombe, Bucks.
Parl. Pat. One Member for this
Borough.
SIR THoMAs BARING, Bart, 7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Merchant in London, and East
India Proprietor.
To. Res. 21, Devonshire-place, Port-
land-place.
Co. Se. Stratton Park, near Win-
chester, Hampshire.
Rel. Bro. to Alexander Baring, Esq.
M. P. for Callington : uncle to
William-Bingham Baring, Esq. the
other M.P. for the same Borough;
and to Francis Baring, Esq. M.P.
for Portsmouth: father to Francis
Baring, Esq. M.P. for Thetford.

R. ºf E. In the mayor, two bailiffs, and
burgesses not receiving alms.
N. of V. From 65 to 70. Pop. 4500.
YARM ( 428 ) YARM
R. O. The Mayor and one of the Bailiffs. To, Res. 32, Curzon-street, May-fair.
E. I. Exercised by Sir J. Dashwood Co. Se. Shuchorough, Staffordshire.
King, one of the Members; and by
Baron Carrington, who some years ago
purchased from the Marquess of Lans-
downe that moiety of the property
which gave him influence in this Bo-
rough.
“This ancient Borough was incorporated
in the reign of Edward IV.; but the
right of election, which is now in the
corporation and a few burgesses only,
was formerly in the inhabitants at
large; for we find that it sent Mem-
bers ever since the 28th of Edward I. :
the return being made by the sheriff
and burgesses. Now, the right of
voting could never be in corpora-
tions, before such partial bodies
were established; and the word bur-
gesses, as interpreted by the House of
Commons, in the case of Abingdon
and many other towns, was always
understood to mean the inhabitants of
a Borough; just as the English words
commonalty and community meant
the commons, or the whole community
of a place; though Dr. Brady has con-
tended (and committees of the House
of Commons have sometimes deter-
mined) that these words, notwith-
standing their comprehensive meaning,
extended only to the corporation, or
to some partial and inconsiderable
portion of the inhabitants of a place;
also to such as are non-residents and
ought to have no share in the elective
right of a Borough, where they neither
contribute to the rates and taxes, nor
bear the burthen of public offices.—
| Such is now the state of this town, and
many other opulent and populous cities
in Great Britain and Ireland, as Bath,
Salisbury, Edinburgh, Glasgow, and
- many others, where the right of election
is confined to self-elected corporations
of a few individuals each; though the
population in some of these places ex-
ceeds 120,000 persons. The injustice
of such a shadow of representation is
only equalled by its absurdity?”—
Oldfield.
YARMOUTH, GREAT, Borough
of, Norfolk. 23d Edw. I. 2 Bss.
THE Hon. GEORGEANson, 4th Parl.
A Land Owner. -
Offi, A Lieut. Col. in the Army.
Rel. Bro. to Viscount Anson.
CHARLEs-EDMUND RUMBoI.D., Esq.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 48, Upper Harley-street.
Co, Se. Watton, Hertfordshire.
R. of E. In the burgesses and freemen
at large, whose freedom is obtained by
birth or servitude.
N. of V. Between 1650 and 1700.
Pop. 18,750.
R. O. The Mayor.
During the war, this was a government
Borough, and, for above a century be-
fore 1818, the family of the Marquess
of Townsend returned one Member.
It is now open, but costly on account
of the number of voters.
YARMOUTH, Borough of Isle of
Wight. 33d Edw, I. 2 Bss.
WILLIAM-YATEs PEEL, Esq. 4th Par.
A Land Owner.
Offi. Late a Lord of the Treasury.
To. Res. 17, Devonshire-place.
Co. Sc. Bonehill Cottage, Tamworth,
Staffordshire.
Rel, Bro, to Sir Robert Peel, M.P.
for Tamworth : son-in-law to the
Earl of Mount Cashel, R. I. P.;
and to G.-R. Dawson, Esq., M. P.
for Harwich.
GEong E-Low THER THomſpson, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se, Sheriff Hutton Park, York-
shire.
R. ºf E. In the corporation and free
burgesses.
N. of V. From 45 to 50. Pop. 570.
R. O. The Mayor, who is nominal, and
never resides in the Borough.
E. I. Possessed entirely by the Holmes
family; who nominate the corpora-
tion; and they in return, as in duty
bound, send into the House of Com-
mons whatevergentlemen their patrons
think proper to appoint. The people
of Yarmouth have no occasion to pe-
tition for Annual Parliaments; what-
ever they may do in regard to Universal
Suffrage: elections are not unfrequently
held two or three times a year in this
Borough, in order to accommodate
YORK ( 429 ) YORK
some new-made placemen with ready
admission to a seat; which he of course
vacates, as soon as he can do better,
and his place is usually supplied by
some stop-gap, until another seat be
wanted. For such purposes, Yar-
mouth, and a few other Boroughs,
may be styled the Necessary appur-
tenances of the House of Commons.
This far-famed Borough, which for more
than 50 years contained only one re-
sident voter, has been rather unfor-
tunate in its representatives. Sir John
Trevor (the Speaker), was expelled the
House in 1690, for receiving a bribe
of 1000 guineas for passing the City
of London Orphan-Bill; and Sir
Theodore Jansen was expelled and
taken into custody, by unanimous re-
solution of the whole House, in 1720,
“for notorious breach of trust as a
Director of the South Sea Company.”
YORKSHIRE.
18th Edw. III. 4 Kts.
Viscouſ NT MoRPETH. 2d Parl,
N. & S. George-William-Frederick
Howard.
To. Res. 12, Grosvenor-place.
Co, Sc. Castle Howard, Yorkshire.
Rel, E!d. son of the Earl of Carlisle:
bro. to the Hon. William Howard,
M.P. for Morpeth.
THE Hon. WILLIAM D UN conſbe.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 23, Cavendish-square.
Rel. Eld, son of Baron Feversham :
nephew to Thomas-Slingsby Dun-
combe, Esq. M. P. for Hertford:
son-in-law to the Earl of Galloway:
bro.-in-law to Lord Garlies, M.P.
for Cockermouth; and to the lady
of the Marquess of Blandford, M.P.
for Woodstock.
Rich ARD BETHELL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 28, Southampton-buildings;
and 10, Camden-street, St. Pancras.
Co. Se. Rise, in this County.
SIRJohn-VANDEN-BEM PTDE JoHN-
ston E, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Sc. Hackness, Yorkshire.
R. of E. In the freeholders of the three
Ridings; and, according to a decision
in 1735, those whose freeholds lie in
the Ainsty have a right to vote.
N. of V. Nearly 20,000. Pop. 1,183,000.
On the disfranchisement of the Borough
of Grampound in 1821, for bribery
and corruption, an act was passed to
give this immense County the power
of sending four Members to Parlia-
ment. Still, although its share in the
representation, agreeably to the ratio
of its taxes would be 46 out of 658
(the present number of members in
the Commons' House of Parliament),
yet the rotten Boroughs of Gatton and
Old Sarum (the first of which has a
population of only 40 persons, and the
latter neither house nor inhabitant;
and both together paying no more
taxes than amount to the yearly pay
of Captain Shelley, one of the members
for Gatton), possess, together, an equal
share in the democratic branch of the
legislature, with this most extensive
and populous county;-the territory
of which is in fact as large as that of
many kingdoms. And yet the mem-
bers representing the 40 persons of
Gatton and Old Sarum vote for taxes
and measures which are to influence
the fortunes and lives of more than a
million of inhabitants of Yorkshire;—
their voices being of just as much
consequence on a division of the House
of Commons, as those of the members
for the largest county in England. It
is impossible that a contrast in the
national representation can go farther
than this; unless, indeed, we sub-
stitute for Gatton, the Borough of
Newton in the Isle of Wight, which,
like her sister Old Sarum, has cer-
tainly the merit of being free from
election bribery;-because, like her,
she has neither inhabitants nor electors
to bribe 1–The anti-reformists must
certainly have some very awkward
misgivings, when, looking at such
monstrous anomalies, they have the
hardihood to assert that “the people of
Great Britain and Ireland are well
represented,” and that “the fabric of
the constitution ought to remain un-
touched,” for that “the system has
worked well:”—Such falsehoods are
equalled only by that other old con-
stitutional lie, that “ THE PEOPLE
or ENGLAND TAx themselves (!)


YORK ( 430 ) YORK
THROUGH THE MEDIUM OF THEIR
REPRESENTATIVES : 11”
A memorable struggle for the representa-
tion of Yorkshire took place in 1807,
between Lord Milton, Mr. Wilber-
force, and the present Earl of Hare-
wood (then Mr. Lascelles).
This was certainly the most expensive
contest that ever distinguished the
annals of electioneering. Lord Milton
was supported by the Whig party;
Mr. Lascelles by the Tories; and Mr.
Wilberforce by the Dissenting and
independent interests. The election
was carried on, with doubtful success,
between the two party candidates for
fifteen days; but Mr. Wilberforce was
at the head of the poll during the
whole time. On the fifteenth day,
being the length of time allowed by
law, the election terminated in favour
of Mr. Wilberforce and Lord Milton;
the numbers at the final close of the
poll being,
For William Wilberforce, Esq. 11,808
Lord Viscount Milton . . 11,177
Hon. Henry Lascelles . . 10,990
This contest is said to have cost the three
parties nearly half a million of money!
—The expenses of Mr. Wilberforce
were defrayed by public subscription,
and such zeal was manifested in his
favour, that more than double the sum
necessary for the purpose of supporting
his election was raised in a few days;
and one moiety was afterwards re-
turned to the subscribers.-A similar
instance of popular fervor has never
occurred, except at one of the elections
of Sir Francis Burdett for West-
minster, that of Mr. Caesar for Hert-
fordshire in 1736, and those of the
celebrated Mr. Wilkes for the County
of Middlesex.
The celebrated Lord Fairfax represented
this county in the year 1660.
This county, besides its four knights
of the shire, returns two citizens for
York, and twenty-six burgesses for
thirteen Boroughs (some of them most
wofully decayed), in all thirty-two.
YORK, City of, Yorkshire.
49th Hen. III. 2 Cits.
SAMUEL-ADLAM BAYNTUN, Esq.
Offi. A Lieut. in the Army.
To. Res. Regent-street.
THE Hon.THoMAs DUNDAs, 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Carlton, in this County.
Rel. Eld. son of Baron Dundas.
R. of E. In the corporation and citizens,
resident and non-resident.
N. of V. About 3000. Pop. 21,450.
R. O. The Sheriffs.
E. I. In the corporation.
This northern capital, like the City of
Lincoln, once sent four Members to the
Parliament.
YOUGHALL, Borough of Cork-
shire, Ireland. A. U.41st Geo.III. 1 Bs.
THE Hon. GEORGE Ponsonby -
5th Parl.
Offi. A Lord of the Treasury.
To, Res. 14, Arlington-street, Picca-
dilly.
Rel. Bro. to Baron Ponsonby of Imo-
killy.
R. of E. In the corporation and in-
habitants.
N. of V. 242,
E. I. Possessed by the Duke of Devon-
shire, and the Earl of Shannon.
40
25
166
2
12
12
33
66
32
31
S U M M A R Y
OF THE WHOLE
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
Counties (Yorkshire 4) in England send 82 knights.
Cities (Ely none, London 4) - . 50 citizens.
Boroughs, 2 each - - - . 332 burgesses.
Boroughs (Abingdon, Banbury, Bewdley,
Higham Ferrers, and Monmouth) 1 each 5 burgesses.
Universities - - - - . 4 representatives.
Cinque Ports; viz. Hastings, Dover, Sand-
wich, Romney, Hythe, and their three
branches, Rye, Winchelsea, and Seaford 16 barons.
Counties in Wales - - - . 12 knights.
Districts of Boroughs, ditto . - . 12 burgesses.
Shires of Scotland - - - . 30 commissioners.
Cities and Royal Boroughs of ditto, divided
into 15 districts - - - . 15 commissioners.
Counties of Ireland - - - . 64 knights.
Cities of ditto (Dublin and Cork) . 4 citizens.
University of ditto - - - . 1 representative.
Cities and Boroughs of ditto : 31 citizens and
burgesses.
-
Total number of Members 658
NUMBER OF MEMBERS
SENT TO
P A R L I
A M E N T
BY
E A C H C O U N TY IN E N G. L. A. N. D.;
ALSO, BY
WALES, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND.
Bedfordshire
Berkshire
Buckinghamshire .
Cambridgeshire.
Cheshire .
Cornwall.
Cumberland .
Derbyshire .
Devonshire .
Dorsetshire .
Durham .
Essex . -
Gloucestershire.
Herefordshire
Hertfordshire
Huntingdonshire . -
Kent (exclusive of 8 Barons
of Cinque Ports) , 10
Lancashire . . 14
Leicestershire ... 4
Lincolnshire . 12
Middlesex 8
Monmouthshire ... 3
Norfolk . . 12
Northamptonshire . 9
:4
Northumberland 8
Nottinghamshire 8
Oxfordshire . 9
Rutlandshire ... 2
Shropshire . 12
Somersetshire . 18
Hampshire . . 26
Staffordshire - 10
Suffolk . 16
Surrey . . . . . . . 14
Sussex (exclusive of 8 Barons
of Cinque Ports) . 20
Warwickshire 6
Westmoreland . ... 4
Wiltshire . 34
Worcestershire . 9
Yorkshire , 32
473
Cinque Ports . 16
Wales . 24
Scotland . . 45
Ireland 100
Total . 658

COUNTIES, CITIES, UNIVERSITIES,
BOROUGHS, AND CINQUE PORTS,
or
ENGLAND, WALES, SCOTLAND, AND IRELAND,
IN THE ORDER
IN with ICH
THEIR REPRESENTATIVES ARE CALLED OVER
IN THE
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
. Bedfordshire.
Bedford.
. Berkshire.
Reading.
Abingdon.
Windsor.
Wallingford.
. Buckinghamshire.
Buckingham.
Wycomb.
Aylesbury.
Marlow.
Wendover.
Agmondesham.
. Cambridgeshire.
Cambridge, Univ.
Cambridge, Tonyn.
. Cheshire.
Chester.
ENGLAND.
6. Cornwall.
Launceston.
Liskeard.
Lostwithiel.
Truro.
Bodmin.
Helston.
Saltash.
East Looe.
West Looe.
Camelford.
Penryn.
Tregony.
Bossiney.
St. Ives.
Fowey.
St. Germans.
St. Michael.
Newport.
7.
St. Mawes.
Callington.
Cumberland.
Carlisle.
Cockermouth.
. Derbyshire.
Derby.
. Devonshire.
Ashburton.
Tiverton.
Dartmouth.
Okehampton.
Honiton.
Plymouth.
Beeralston.
Plympton.
Totness.
Barnstaple.
Tavistock.
3 R
434
COUNTIES, CITIES, &c.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
Exeter.
Dorsetshire.
Dorchester.
Lyme.
Weymouth and
Melcomb Regis.
Bridport.
Shaftesbury.
Wareham.
Corfe-Castle.
Poole.
Durham.
Durham.
Esser.
Colchester.
Maldon.
Harwich.
Gloucestershire.
Tewkesbury.
Cirencester.
Gloucester.
Herefordshire.
Hereford.
Leominster.
Weobley.
Hertfordshire.
Hertford.
St. Alban's.
Huntingdonshire.
Huntingdon.
Kent.
Rochester.
Queenborough.
Maidstone.
Canterbury.
Lancashire.
Lancaster.
Preston.
Liverpool.
19.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
27.
Wigan.
Clitheroe.
Newton.
Leicestershire.
Leicester.
. Lincolnshire.
Stamford.
Grantham.
Boston.
Grimsby.
Lincoln.
Middlesea.
Westminster.
London.
Monmouthshire.
28.
29.
30.
Monmouth, New-
port, and Usk.
Norfolk.
Lynn.
Yarmouth.
Thetford.
Castle Rising.
Norwich.
Northamptonshire.
Peterborough.
Northampton.
Brackley.
Higham Ferrers.
Northumberland.
Morpeth.
31.
Newcastleon Tyne.
Berwick.
. Nottinghamshire.
Newark.
Nottingham.
Oxfordshire.
Oxford, Univ.
Oxford, City.
Woodstock.
32.
33.
Banbury.
Rutlandshire.
Shropshire.
Shrewsbury.
Ludlow.
Bridgenorth.
Wenlock.
Bishop's Castle.
Somersetshire.
Taunton.
Ilchester.
Milborne-port.
Wells.
Bridgewater.
Bath.
Minehead.
Bristol.
Southampton, or
Hampshire.
Winchester.
Portsmouth.
Newport.
Yarmouth.
Newtown.
Lymington.
Christchurch.
Andover.
Whitchurch.
Petersfield.
Stockbridge.
Southampton.
Staffordshire.
Stafford.
Tamworth.
Newcastle.
Lichfield.
Suffolk.
Ipswich.
Dunwich,

AS CALLED OVER.
Orford. 37. Westmoreland.
Aldeburgh. Appleby.
Sudbury. 38. Worcestershire.
Eye. Evesham.
Bury St.Edmund's. Droitwich.
34. Surrey. Bewdley.
Gatton. Worcester.
Haslemere. 39. Wiltshire.
Bletchingly. New Sarum.
Reigate. Devizes.
Guildford. Marlborough.
Southwark. Chippenham.
35. Susser. Calne.
Horsham. Malmesbury.
Bramber. Cricklade.
Shoreham. Hindon.
Midhurst. Old Sarum.
Grinstead. Heytesbury.
Steyning. Westbury.
Arundel. Wootton Basset.
Lewes. Ludgershall.
Chichester. Wilton.
36. Warnickshire. Downton.
Warwick. Great Bedwin.
Coventry.
40. Yorkshire.
Aldborough.
Boroughbridge.
Beverley.
Hedon.
Knaresborough.
Malton.
Northallerton.
Pontefract.
Richmond.
Ripon.
Scarborough.
Thirsk.
York.
Kingston.
Cinque Ports, viz.
Hastings.
Dover.
Sandwich.
Romney.
Hythe.
Rye.
Winchelsea.
Seaford.
6- Total Representation of 246 places in England, 489.
WALES.
1. Angleseyshire.
Beaumaris.
2. Brecknockshire. Carmarthen.
Brecon, or Breck- 5. Carnarvonshire.
and Aspar.
nock. Carnarvon, Cric-
3. Cardiganshire. cieth, Pwlhely,
Cardigan, Aberyst- Nevin, and Con-
with, Lampeter, way.
4. Carmarthenshire.
6. Denbighshire.
Denbigh, Ruthyn,
and Holt.
7. Flintshire.
Flint, Rhydlan,
Caerwys, Caer-
gully, and Over-
ton.

436 COUNTIES, CITIES, &c.
8. Glamorganshire. 9. Merionethshire. by and Whiston.
Cardiff, Aberavon, 10. Montgomeryshire, 12. Radnorshire.
Cowbridge, Ken- Montgomery. Radnor (New),
fig, Lantrissent, 11. Pembrokeshire. Rhayader, Knigh-
Neath, Loughear, Haverfordwest, ton, Knucklas,
and Swansea. Pembroke, Ten- and Kevenliel.
Kºº The Welsh Counties, Boroughs, and Districts of Boroughs,
return only one member each;-viz. 12 Knights of Shires, and
12 Burgesses:–Total representation, 24.
SCOTLAND.
SHIRES AND STEWARTRIES,
I Aberdeenshire. 10 Forfar, or Angus. 18 Orkney.
2 Argyll. 11 Haddington, or 19 Peebles.
3 Ayr. East Lothian. 20 Perth.
4 Banff. 12 Inverness. 21 Renfrew.
5 Berwick. 13 Kincardine. 22 Ross.
6 Dunbarton. 14 Kirkcudbright. 23 Roxburgh.
7 Dumfries. 15 Lanark. 24 Selkirk.
8 Edinburgh, or Mid 16 Linlithgow, or 25 Stirling.
Lothian. West Lothian. 26 Sutherland.
9 Fife. 17 Moray, or Elgin. 27 Wigton.
tº Each of the above is represented by one Commissioner.
The following elect a Commissioner, alternately; that is, Caithness
alternately with Bute, Clackmannan with Kinross, and Nairn with
Cromarty.
28 Bute. 31 Caithness.
29 Clackmannan, 32 Cromarty.
30 Nairn, 33 Kinross.
The whole thirty-three Shires and Stewartries return only
thirty Commissioners.
DISTRICTS OF ROYAL BURGHS.
1 Edinburgh, city.
2 Kirkwall, Wick, Dornock, Dingwall, and Tain,
3 Fortrose, Inverness, Nairn, and Forres.
AS CALLED OVER. 437
4 Elgin, Cullen, Banff, Kintore, and Inverury.
5 Aberdeen, Montrose, Brechin, Aberbrothock, and Inverbervie.
6 Forfar, Perth, Dundee, St. Andrews, and Cupar.
7 Crail, Kilrenny, Anstruther West, Anstruther East, and
Pittenweem.
8 Dysart, Kirkaldy, Kinghorn, and Burntisland.
9 Inverkeithing, Dumfermline, Culross, Queensferry, and Stir-
ling.
10 Glasgow, Renfrew, Rutherglen, and Dumbarton.
11 Haddington, Dunbar, North Berwick, Lauder, and Jedburgh.
12 Selkirk, Peebles, Linlithgow, and Lanark.
13 Dumfries, Sanquehar, Annan, Lochmaben, and Kirkcudbright.
14 Wigton, Stranraer, New Galloway, and Whithorn.
15 Ayr, Irwine, Rothsay, Inverary, and Campbeltown.
In the above districts, the respective town-councils of the
sixty-five towns, or burghs, nominate one delegate, each; and by the
majority of these delegates one Member of Parliament is elected:—
in other words,
1269 persons choose 65 delegates, who elect 14 Commissioners.
But in Edinburgh . 33 persons elect . . 1 Commissioner.
So that, ultimately, in all the Scottish cities
and towns . . 98 persons elect . . 15 Commissioners.
County Commissioners, as above . . . . 30
Total representation . . . . . 45
IRELAND.
1. Antrimshire. 5. Clareshire. 8. Downshire.
Belfast. Ennis. Downpatrick.
Carrickfergus. 6. Corkshire. Newry.
Lisburne. Bandon-Bridge. 9. Dublinshire.
2. Armaghshire. Cork. Dublin, City.
Armagh. Kinsale. Dublin, Univer.
3. Carlonshire. Mallow. 10. Fermanaghshire.
Carlow. Youghall. Enniskillen.
4. Cavanshire. 7. Donegalshire. 11, Galwayshire.

4.38 CLASSIFICATION
Galway. 19. Longfordshire. Cashell.
12. Kerryshire. 20. Louthshire. Clonmel.
Tralee. Drogheda. 28. Tyroneshire.
13. Kildareshire. Dundalk. Dungannon.
14. Kilkennyshire. 21. Mayoshire. 29. Waterfordshire.
Kilkenny. 22. Meathshire, Dungarvon.
15. King's County. 23. Monaghanshire. Waterford.
16. Leitrimshire. 24. Queen's County. 30. Westmeathshire.
17. Limerickshire. Portarlington. Athlone.
Limerick. 25. Roscommonshire. 31. Weafordshire.
18. Londonderryshire. 26. Sligoshire. New-Ross.
Coleraine. - Sligo. Wexford.
Londonderry. 27. Tipperaryshire. 32. Wicklon-shire.
tº Each of the 32 Irish counties returns 2 Knights .. 64
Dublin and Cork return each 2 Citizens . . . . . 4
The University elects a Representative . . . . . 1
The 31 Boroughs choose each one Burgess . . . . 31
Total representation . . . 100
CLASSIFICATION
OF THE
M E M B E R S
OF THE
HOUSE OF COMIM ON S.
RANK.
Knights of Shires (including the Commissioners of Scottish
Shires and Stewartries) . - - - - - . 188
Barons of Cinque Ports - - - - - - . 16
Representatives of Universities . - - - - . 5
Citizens and Burgesses (including the Commissioners of Scottish
Burghs) . - - - - - - - - . 449
Total number of Members - . 658
OF MEMBERS. 439
--- PRIVATE INTERESTs”.
Of the above, -
358 are Landholders.
88 are Military Officers.
24 are Naval Officers.
62 belong to the Profession of the Law.
33 are Bankers.
62 are connected with the East India Companyt.
34 are connected with the West India Trade.
* It will be obvious to the reader that many members of this class are connected
with more interests than one: for example, some bankers hold lands; and some
land owners hold military and naval offices, as well as places and pensions: a few
are connected with commerce.
+ Ten Directors of the East India Company sit in the House of Commons,—
returned by three proprietary boroughs, four boroughs containing between them 850
voters, one Scottish burgh, and one Scottish county, containing 161 votes. Indepen-
dently of their small salaries of 300l. each, or 3000l. between them, these persons
bring a patronage to bear directly upon the votes of the House, amounting yearly to
not less than 250,000l. derived from their share (according to the accounts ordered
to be printed in 1826 and in 1829) of the following average number of annual ap-
pointments, viz. one writership to China, at 10,000l. ; 68 writerships to India, at
5000l. : 460 military, medical, and clerical appointments, at 500l. each. This is
exclusive of the local patronage of the India House, the patronage connected with the
Company's shipping, with the supply of stores for India, and the trading investments.
Of the fifty-one Proprietors and others in Parliament, exclusive of the Directors,
twenty-eight are returned by proprietary boroughs.
The number of votes at the India House possessed by the Directors and Proprie-
tors having seats in Parliament, is exactly 100; which, at the present price of stock,
are worth 2200l. a piece; so that the personal interests of members are involved in
maintaining the monopoly, to the extent of 220,000l.
There are eighteen members who have served the Company in India, fifteen being
retired servants of the East India Company itself. Six of the eighteen members
receive pensions from the Company, amounting to from 1000l. to 2000l. a year each.
There are in the House but two members who have resided in India, not servants
of the Company; and these are both East India agents and proprietors of stock.
Notwithstanding the connexion with the East India or other interests, resulting
from the obvious condition of the member, it is not to be supposed that the bias
arising from it is the sole one, or that it is sufficient to overrule all others. Many
of the members are connected with conflicting interests, in which they are fully as
much involved. Still, however, this arrangement of the members into classes exhi-
bits the abstract strength of each class, and its capacity to form a phalanx in the
House to support peculiar interests in opposition to others. It moreover will explain
many apparent inconsistencies in the logic and conduct of members on various occa-
sions, who may be content to support a particular interest, until other interests clash
with it in which they are equally interested.
Besides the members who are obviously connected with the East India Company,
there are others, returned by their influence, and in some cases, it is said, by their
funds.
There are 17 Peers who are possessed of 31 votes at the India House; they have
relatives possessed of 18 votes; making together 49 votes, which are worth 107,800l.
—Spectator Newspaper.
440 CLASSIFICATION OF MEMBERS,
51 are engaged in Trade and General Manufacture.
63 are Placemen and Pensioners.-Of these, one third are im-
mediately connected with the Peerage.
RELIGION.
14 are Catholics.
— are Dissenters.
RELATIONSHIP TO THE PE ERAGE, &c.
4 Irish Peers,
98 Sons of Peers.
155 Fathers, Brothers, Cousins, Grandsons, Nephews, and Uncles
of Peers.--That is, 169 Peers have 257 relatives of the above
degrees in the House of Commons.
157 Members immediately connected with, or related to, Placemen
and Pensioners.-These are independent of the 63 mentioned in
the class of PRIva TE INTERESTs.
DEPENDENCE ON PRIVATE NOMINATION.
Members returned by Government influence, viz.:-by the
Admiralty 2, Treasury 5, the Court 1, Warden of the
Cinque Ports 1 - - - - - - - . 9
By Peers . - - - - - - - - . 354
By Commoners, who return either themselves or their friends 111
Total - - - - - . 474
Independent Representatives of Counties and Towns . . 184
Total number of Members - . 658


A B S T R A CT
or
LAW S AND RESOLUTIONS
RELATIVE TO THE
ELECTION OF MEMBERS
TO SERVE IN
P A R L I AM E. N. T.
ELECTIONS.
WRITS FOR A GENERAL ELECTION.
In summoning a new Parliament, a warrant, signed by the King,
is issued to the Lord Chancellor, commanding him to issue as many
writs as have been usual on like occasions. Such writs are accord-
ingly made out by the Clerk of the Crown.
TIME BETWEEN THE TESTE AND THE RETURN.
On calling every new Parliament, there shall be forty days between
the teste and return of the writ.—7th and 8th of William III., cap. 25.
WRITS ON VACANCIES, AND DURING A RECESS,
The Speaker shall issue his warrant, during a recess, for making
out writs for electing Members to serve in the room of those who
may die, or become Peers of Great Britain, upon receiving notice,
by certificate under the hands of two Members, of the death of such
Member; or that a writ of summons has been issued under the
Great Seal, calling any Member to the Upper House of Parliament.
3 L
442 LAWS, &c, RELATIVE
The Speaker, upon receiving such certificate, shall forthwith cause
notice to be inserted in the Gazette, and shall not issue his warrant
until fourteen days after such insertion.
To guard against inconvenience from the death or absence of the
Speaker, it is provided, that every Speaker of the House of Commons
shall, within a convenient time after the beginning of every Parlia-
ment, by a written instrument under his hand and seal, nominate
and appoint a certain number of persons (not more than seven, nor
less than three), who must be Members of the House, authorising
them, or any one of them, to execute the powers of issuing such
warrants.
No person so appointed shall be authorised to act, unless there be
no Speaker of the House, or such Speaker be absent; nor any
longer than such persons shall be Members of the House.—24th
Geo. III., cap. 26.
FREEDOM OF ELECTION.
As often as there shall be an election of Scottish Peers, or Mem-
bers to serve in Parliament, the Secretary at War shall send proper
orders in writing for the removal of soldiers to the distance of two
or more miles from the place of election; who shall not make any
nearer approach to such place, until one day, at the least, after the
poll shall be ended, and the poll-books closed.
Any Secretary at War, or person officiating as such, violating this
Act, to be discharged from his office, and rendered incapable after-
wards of holding any office under the Government.—8th Geo. II.,
cap. 30.
The Resolution of the House, passed at the commencement of
every Session, regarding the Freedom of Elections, is as follows:—
“It is a high infringement of the liberties and privileges of the
Commons, for any Lord of Parliament, or any Lord Lieutenant of any
County, to concern themselves in the election of Members of Parlia-
ment.” By another Resolution (17, Journ., folio 507), “It is highly
criminal in any minister or servant under the Crown, directly or in-
directly, to use the powers of his office in the election of Repre-
sentatives to serve in Parliament.”
Officers of the Excise and Customs are prohibited by the 5th of
William and Mary, cap. 20, from interfering in elections.
TO ELECTIONS. 443
PERSONS DISQUALIFIED FROM WOTING AT ELECTIONS.
Women.
Minors, or persons under twenty-one years of age; by the 7th and
8th William III., cap. 3.
Peers.
Persons who are deaf, dumb, and blind.
Lunatics, Outlaws, Felons, persons eacommunicated, or convicted of
bribery, or subornation of perjury.—22d Geo. II., cap. 24.
Aliens born, by Resolution of the House in 1698.
Persons receiving alms and charity.
Note—In many cases, however, alms-men are not deprived of the
elective franchise.
Commissioners, or Officers employed in collecting and managing
the Ercise and Custom duties, under penalty of 100l., their offices
becoming void, and being thereafter rendered incapable of executing
any office of trust under the King—22d Geo. III., cap. 41.
Note.—Prosecutions must be commenced within twelve months
after such forfeiture is incurred.
Note.—This Act does not extend to Commissioners of the Land-
tax, or persons acting under them; nor to offices held by Jetters-
patent for any estate of inheritance.
Distributors or Sub-Distributors of Stamps; Collectors of Duties
on Houses and Windows; Postmasters, Postmasters-General, or their
Deputies; or any persons employed by them in receiving, collecting,
or managing the revenues of their several departments.-22d Geo.III.,
cap. 41.
But, in fact, by far the great majority of the male adult population
of the United Kingdom are disqualified from voting at elections from
other causes than the above; for example:—
Persons may not vote in Counties in England, who are not possessed
of freeholds of the value of forty shillings yearly.—10th Hen. VI.,
cap. 2.
In Ireland, by the late Act of disfranchisement of the forty shilling
freeholders, the qualification was raised to ten pounds.
In Scotland voters for County Commissioners must be possessed
of land held in capite, under the Crown, to the value of 700l. a year:
proprietors of estates of whatever value, holding the same from a
subject, being neither entitled to vote, nor to be elected 1–The con-
444 LAWS, &c, RELATIVE
sequence is, that the total number of voters in the Scottish Counties
(including upwards of 1200 nominal or fictitious ones) does not ex-
ceed 2600 !
In many Cities, again, freemen only (and in some cases freeholders
of forty shillings, when the City is also a County, as Norwich) are
allowed to vote; and these of course bear but a small proportion to
the number of citizens or inhabitants.
In many Boroughs, and even in some Cities (as Bath) the corpo-
ration, only, possess the elective franchise.—This is generally a
very small number;—in some cases, not more than thirteen persons.
In many more the burgesses elect with the corporation, excluding
the inhabitants generally. The instances are by no means numerous
where the citizens or inhabitants from being householders (as in
Westminster), or as paying scot and lot (as in Chichester), are per-
mitted to choose their Representatives—In burgage-tenure Boroughs,
the proprietors of certain old decayed houses, only, or of their sites,
choose Members of Parliament. But in Scotland, the matter is still
worse; for, the Representatives of all the Cities and Boroughs in
that kingdom are chosen by 99 persons, who are delegated for that
purpose by 1220 town-council men In Scotland, as in Wales, four
or five, and sometimes more, Cities and Towns are clubbed together
to send a Member to Parliament:—but even that is not so bad, as
the case of the populous Cities of Manchester, Birmingham, Leeds,
and Sheffield, and many other considerable towns all over the king-
dom, sending no Members at all !
The Borough of Preston, in Lancashire, appears to be the only
town in the United Kingdom which enjoys the elective franchise in
perfection;–that is according to the ancient constitution of England:
the right of choosing a Representative, there, being “in all the male
inhabitants of twenty-one years of age and upwards, who have re-
sided sir months in the town, and obtained a parochial settlement.”
PRECEPTS.
Every sheriff, after the receipt of the writ, shall issue a precept
to every mayor and bailiff of the Cities and Boroughs within his
County, reciting the writ, and commanding them to choose citizens
or burgesses, as the case may be, for any City or Borough, to come
to Parliament.—23d Hen, VI, cap. 14.
TO ELECTIONS. 445
-
The writs shall be delivered to the proper officers only, and they
shall indorse on them the day they receive them, and make out the
precepts; and within three days after the receipt of the writ of
election, they shall cause such precepts to be delivered to the officers
to whom the execution of them shall appertain.-7th and 8th Wil-
liam III., cap. 25.
No sheriffs, or other officers whose duty it is to execute such writs
of election, are to take any fee or gratuity whatsoever, for making
out the receipt, delivery, return, or execution of any such writ or
precept.—7th and 8th William III., cap. 25.
PROC LAMATION FOR COUNTIES.
Within two days after receipt of the writ, proclamation shall be
made of the election, which must begin between the 10th and 16th
days of the proclamation.—25th Geo. III., cap. 84.
THE SAME FOR CITIES, BEING ALSO COUNTIES.
Sheriffs of Cities and Towns, being Counties of themselves, and
having a right to elect Members of Parliament by virtue of a writ,
without any precept, are to proceed to election within three days,
giving three days' notice.—19th Geo. II., cap. 28.
THE SAME FOR BOROUGHS, &c.
Returning Officers of Boroughs, &c. are to indorse the day of the
receipt of the precept, and give four days' notice at the usual
place, within the hours of eight in the forenoon and four in the
afternoon, from the 25th of October to the 25th of March inclusive;
and within the hours of eight in the forenoon and six in the after-
noon, from the 25th of March to the 25th of October inclusive ;
notices otherwise published to be deemed invalid.—7th and 8th
William III., cap. 25 ; and 33d Geo. III., cap. 64.
BOOTHS AND POLL-CLER KS.
In counties, booths are to be erected at the expense of the can-
didates, proportioned to the hundreds, &c., and the sheriff shall also
appoint proper clerks at each booth for polling, at the expense of the
candidates, to be paid at a rate not exceeding one guinea per day,
for each clerk.-18th Geo. I., cap. 18.
446 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
ADMINISTRATION OF OATHS.
If any of the candidates shall, three days at least before any elec-
tion, give notice in writing to the returning officer to provide proper
places and persons for administering the oaths of allegiance, su-
premacy, abjuration, &c., to the electors; such proper places must
be provided by the returning officers; the expense to be paid by the
candidates in equal proportions.—34th Geo. III., cap. 73.
COMMENCEMENT OF PROCE EDINGS.
The sheriff is directed, upon the day appointed for the election, to
commence proceedings in his full county, betwixt the hours of eight
in the morning and eleven before noon.—23rd Henry VI., cap. 14.
The proceedings are to commence by proclaiming silence, and
then reading the writ of summons; immediately after which, the
sheriff is to read, or cause to be read, the whole Act, intituled, “An
Act for the more effectually preventing Bribery and Corruption.”—
2nd Geo. II. cap. 24.
ELECTION BY WIEW.
In the first case, the determination is either by voices or show of
hands, or collecting the friends of the respective candidates into
separate bodies, or in such other mode as has been customary upon
such occasions; the most usual way, however, is by the voices of the
electors calling out the names of their favourite candidates.
Where the election, however, is not determined by the view, but a
poll shall be required, the sheriff, under sheriff, or other returning
officer, shall forthwith proceed to take the poll in some public place
appointed for that purpose.
FREEHOLDERS OF COUNTIES.
“Every man shall have a freehold to the value of 40s. by the year
at the least, above all charges, within the same county where every
such chooser will meddle of any such election.”—10th Henry VI.
cap. 2.
In Ireland the qualification is now 101.
In Scotland (though nominally 40s. of “old extent”), it is 700l.
per annum of present value: and the land must be held immediately
sunder the Crown.
TO ELECTIONS. 447
MORTGAGE No QUALIFICATION.
No persons shall be allowed to vote by reason of any trust estate,
or mortgage, unless such trustee or mortgagee be in actual possession
or receipt of the rents and profits of the same estate; but the mort-
gager, or cestui-que trust, shall vote for such estate.—7th and 8th
William III., cap. 25.
FREEHold ERs' Estates to PAY TAxEs AND DUEs.
No person to vote for a knight of the shire, in right of lands which
have not been charged to public taxes, church rates, and parish dues,
&c.—10th Anne, cap. 23.
FREEHOLDERS MUST BE ONE YEAR IN POSSESSION.
No person shall vote in any county election, for any freehold,
without having been in the actual possession, or in the receipt of the
rents and profits thereof, for his own use, above twelve calendar
months, unless the same came to him within the time aforesaid, by
descent, marriage, marriage settlement, devise, promotion to any
benefice in a church, or by promotion to an office.—18th Geo. II.,
cap. 18.
FREEHOLDS TO BE ASSESSED TO THE LAND-TAX.
No person may vote in any county election that has not been
six months assessed to the land-lax,-20th Geo. III., cap. 17.
Commissioners of the said tax are to deliver to assessors a printed
form of assessment, who are to make their assessments according
thereto, and a duplicate of such shall be stuck up on the door of the
parish church. Qualified persons, whose names are omitted in assess-
ments, may appeal to the commissioners, who are to amend them
where defective.
ELECTOR'S IN CITIES WHICH ARE ALSO COUNTIES.
No person shall vote for the election of Members for any city
or town, being a county of itself, in respect of any freehold, unless
assessed to the land tax twelve calendar months before such election:
provided that nothing shall extend to any person voting for such cities
and towns, in right of any rents, messuages, or seats belonging to any
offices, not usually charged to the land-tax.
448 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
Persons voting, to have a freehold estate of 40s, and to be in pos-
session above twelve calendar months, except the same came to them,
within such time aforesaid by descent, marriage, marriage settlement,
devise, or promotion; and no person shall vote in right of any free-
hold fraudulently conveyed, or vote more than once at the same
election, under penalty of 401.-19th Geo. II, cap. 28.
FREEMEN AND BURGESSES OF CITIES AND TOWNS.
Every person, to be entitled to vote as a freeman or burgess, ought
to be regularly admitted, and the entry thereof stamped.—5th Geo.
III., cap. 46.
No person claiming, as a freeman, to vote at any election, shall be
permitted to give his vote, unless he shall have been admitted to the
feeedom of such city, town, or borough, twelve calendar months
before the first day of the election; but this not to extend to any
person entitled to his freedom by birth, marriage, or servitude—3rd
Geo. III., cap. 15.
Any person entitled to be admitted a citizen, burgess, or freeman
of any City, Town Corporate, Borough, Cinque Port, &c., and applying,
to the mayor, or other proper officer, giving him notice, and speci-
fying the nature of his claim, if such mayor or other officer shall
refuse to admit him, and a mandamus shall issue for compelling his
admission, the mayor, &c. shall pay all costs. – 12th Geo. III.,
cap. 21.
FREEMEN MUST BE ADMITTED TWELVE MONTHS.
None to vote at elections (except persons entitled to their freedom
by birth, marriage, or servitude), as freemen, who have not been
admitted twelve months.-3rd Geo. III., usually styled the Durham
Act.)
Officers of corporations, or other persons, wilfully antedating any
admission, to forfeit 500l.-3rd Geo. III.
INHABITANT HOUSEHOLDERS.
It has been determined that such must have an exclusive right to
the outer door, &c. of the building which they inhabit.—(See pages
290 and 291.)
TO ELECTIONS. 449
INHABITANTS PAYING SCOT AND LOT.
Any person voting as an inhabitant, paying scot and lot, &c., who
shall not have been so, six months previous to the election, shall
forfeit 201, but this not to extend to persons acquiring possession in
any borough by descent, devise, marriage, marriage-settlement, or
promotion to any office or benefice, nor to persons claiming a right to
vote under any other descriptions than inhabitants paying scot and
lot.—26th Geo. III., cap. 100.
OATHS TO BE TAKEN BEFORE WOTING.
Electors are to apply, before voting, to persons appointed to admi-
mister the oaths of allegiance, supremacy, &c., and receive certificates
thereof; and every such person, upon producing his certificate to the
returning officers, shall be permitted to poll. Persons offering to vote
without producing the certificate shall immediately withdraw, and
take the said oaths before they shall be permitted to be sworn.
THE Poll, AND ITS TIME of continuance.
Every poll within England, Wales, and Berwick-upon-Tweed, shall
commence on the day upon which it shall be demanded, or upon the
next day at farthest (unless such day shall be Sunday, and then on
the day after), and shall be duly and regularly proceeded in from day
to day (Sundays excepted) until the same be finished, but not to
continue more than fifteen days; and if such poll shall continue until
the fifteenth day, then the same shall be finally closed, at or before
the hour of three in the afternoon of the same day.—25th Geo.III.,
cap. 84.
The said poll, unless prevented by any unavoidable accident, shall
be kept open for seven hours in each day, between eight in the
morning and eight at night.—25th Geo. III., cap. 84.
PLACE OF POLLING NOT TO BE ADJOURNED.
The sheriff, or his under sheriff, shall not adjourn the place of
polling, unless with the consent of the candidates; unless in the case
of Winchester, from thence to the Isle of Wight.—7th and 8th Wil-
liam III., cap. 25.
3 M
450 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
POLLING IN IRE LAND.
After the fourth day, the returning officer may close any booth
where twenty have not been polled in the day. Baronies wherein
more than 2000 freeholders are registered must be so divided that
no more than 2000 shall have to poll in one booth.-57th Geo.III.,
cap. 131.
POLL CLERRS.
The sheriff, or his deputy, shall appoint such number of clerks as
he shall deem convenient for taking the poll, who shall take the same
in presence of the said sheriff, and shall previously be sworn, truly
and indifferently to take it, and set down the name of each free-
holder, and for whom he polls. The sheriff shall also appoint such
persons as shall be nominated to him by each candidate, to be
inspectors of each clerk who shall be appointed to take the poll.—
7th and 8th William III., cap. 25.
THE OATH OF FIREEHOLDERS.
Every freeholder, before he shall be admitted to poll, must, if
required, take the following oath, or, if a quaker, affirmation; viz.
“You shall swear that you are a freeholder in the county of >
and have a freehold estate, consisting of , lying and being at
, in the county of , of the clear yearly value of 40s.
over and above all rents and charges payable out of or in respect of
the same ; and that you have been in actual possession or receipt of
the rents or profits thereof, for your own use, above twelve calendar
months, or that the same came to you within the time aforesaid by
descent, marriage settlement, devise, or promotion to a benefice in a
church, or by promotion to an office; and that such freehold estate
has not been granted or made to you fraudulently, on purpose to
qualify you to give your vote; and that the place of your abode is at
and that you are 21 years of age, as you believe,
and that you have not been polled before at this election—18th Geo. II.
cap. 18.
—— in
THE BRIBERY OATH.
Every voter also, previous to giving his vote, shall, if required,
take the bribery oath, or affirmation, the substance of which is, that
he hath received neither directly nor indirectly any reward, or
emolument, or promise to that effect.—2nd Geo. II. cap. 24.
TO ELECTIONS. 45.1
Persons taking a bribe, or corrupting others, shall forfeit 500l.;
but offenders not having been themselves before convicted, by dis-
covering others shall be themselves indemnified.—2nd Geo. II. cap. 24.
THE SCRUTINY.
The returning officer shall immediately, or on the day next after
the final close of the poll, truly, fairly, and publicly make a return of
the persons who have a majority of votes; unless he (upon a scrutiny
being demanded by any candidate, or any two or more electors)
shall deem it necessary to grant the same: in which case the objection
to the votes given for the different candidates shall be decided alter-
nately.—25th Geo. III. cap. 84.
THE POLL-BOOKS.
The returning officer shall forthwith deliver to every person de-
manding the same, a copy of the poll taken at such election; re-
quiring only a reasonable charge for writing the same; under the
penalty of 500l. to the party aggrieved.—7th and 8th William III.
cap. 25.
Poll-books must be delivered upon oath to the clerk of the peace,
and kept among the records of the sessions.—10th Anne, cap. 23.
THE RETURN.
The names of the persons chosen must be written in an indenture
under the seals of those by whom they are chosen, and tacked to the
writ; which shall be deemed the sheriff's return of such writ.—
7th Henry IV. cap. 15.
The returning officer must, within fourteen days next following,
make return to the Clerk of the Crown in Chancery; paying the
ancient fees, viz.-4s. for every knight of the shire, and 2s. for
every citizen, burgess, or baron of the Cinque ports.-10th and 11th
William III. cap. 7.
PENALTIES FOR FALSE RETURNS.
Sheriffs neglecting or omitting to make returns shall be amerced.
–5th Richard II. cap. 4.
If found, on inquest, that the sheriff hath made false returns, he
shall forfeit 1001.*—11th Henry IV. cap. 1.
* By this act the members falsely returned lost their wages: viz. 4s, per day
for each knight of the shire, and 2s. per day for each citizen and burgess.
452 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
Sheriffs not making returns shall forfeit 500l.—10th and 11th
William III. cap, 7.
All contracts made to procure false returns shall be void, and the
parties shall be subject to a penalty of 300l.;-one-third to the king,
one-third to the poor, and one-third to the informer.—7th and 8th
William III, cap. 7.
CLE RI, or THE CROWN TO ENTER RETURNS.
The Clerk of the Crown must enter every return and amendment
in a book to be kept for that purpose. All persons shall have access
to the book, which, or a copy thereof, may be given in evidence.
Such clerk not entering returns in six days after receipt, making
any alterations, or omitting to perform his duty, shall forfeit 500l.
and lose his office.— 7th and 8th William III. cap. 7.
PERSONS WHO ARE NOT ELIGIBLE TO BE MEMBERS.
MINORS.
Persons under twenty-one years, who shall presume to sit or vote
in Parliament, shall incur such penalties and forfeitures, as if they
had presumed to sit and vote without being chosen or returned, and
every election or return of any person under that age is declared to
be null and void.—7th and 8th William III., cap. 25.
ALIENS.
No person born out of England, Scotland, or Ireland, or the do-
minions thereunto belonging, is capable of being a Member of either
House.—12th and 13th William III., cap. 2.
TRAITORs, FELoNs, ouTLAws, Drots, &c.
Traitors and felons, as being incapable to sit any where.—Outlaws
in criminal prosecutions, but not in civil suits;–also idiots and mad-
men, and deaf and dumb (said to be), are all incapable of sitting in
Parliament.
PEERS, JUDGES, AND CLERGY.
Peers and Judges, as constituting a separate branch of the Legisla-
ture—The Clergy, as having taken priests' orders; except Bishops,

TO ELECTIONS. 453
who are Barons by tenure, and consequently sit in the House of
Peers. Ministers of the Church of Scotland, also, are ineligible;
and if any such, or any person ordained to the priesthood of the
Romish or English Church, be at any time elected, his seat shall
be void.
RETURNING OFFICERS.
Sheriffs, mayors, and bailiffs of boroughs, in their respective juris-
dictions, as being returning officers.
IN FAMOUS PERSONs.
A person who is elected to serve in the House of Commons by the
people, may, by the law and custom of Parliament, be disabled and
rendered incapable of sitting as a Member; by being guilty of any
crime which renders him infamous; and the like.
PERSON'S GUILTY OF BRIBERY.
Persons proved to be guilty of a breach of the Treating Act,
labour under a temporary incapacity.
Candidates, after the teste of the writ, or after any place becomes
vacant, giving or promising any present or reward to any person,
having a vote, for being elected, or for giving the same in his favour,
shall be incapable of serving in that Parliament.—7th William III.,
cap. 4.
comMission ERs, &c. of Excis E.
No Member of Parliament shall be a Commissioner or Farmer of
Excise, or a Commissioner of Appeals, or Comptroller, or Auditor
of the duty of Excise; and such person, if elected, is declared in-
capable of sitting in the House of Commons.—11th and 12th Wil-
liam III., cap. 2.
comMission ERs, &c. of customs.
No Member to be a Commissioner or Farmer of the Customs;
and persons executing such offices shall be incapable of sitting.—
12th and 13th William III., cap. 10.
offices creatED since 1705.
Persons holding any new office or place of profit whatsoever under
the Crown, created since the year 1705 (the period of Union between
England and Scotland), shall be incapable of sitting.—6th Anne,
cap, 7.
454 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
ACCEPTANCE OF OFFICE GENERALLY.
Members accepting any office of profit, whilst Members, their
election to be void; but such persons may be re-elected.—6th Anne,
cap. 7.
BANKRUPTS.
Members declared bankrupts under a commission are, during twelve
months, rendered incapable of sitting and voting, unless within such
period the commission be superseded, and the creditors paid in full.
In case of disputed debts, bonds must be given with two securities, to
be approved by the commissioners, for the payment of such sums as
shall be recovered in law or equity, with such costs as shall be given
for the same. If the above recited conditions are not fulfilled within
twelve calendar months, the Speaker shall issue his writ for the elec-
tion of another Member.—52d George III. c. 144.
PENSIONERS OF THE CROWN.
No person having a pension from the Crown, shall be capable of
being elected a Member of the House of Commons, under penalty of
forfeiting 201, for every day's sitting.—1st George I. c. 56.
PERSONS IN OFFICE, GENERALLY.
No Commissioners of the Revenue in Ireland, or of the Navy, or
Victualling Office, nor any deputies or clerks in any of the said
offices, or in any of the following offices, viz., of the Lord High Trea-
surer, or Commissioners of the Treasury, of the Auditor, Tellers, or
Chancellor of the Exchequer, of the Commissioners of the Admiralty,
of the Paymasters of the Army or Navy, of the Principal Secretaries
of State, or of the Commissioners of Salt, Stamps, Appeals, Wine
Licences, Hackney Coaches, Hawkers and Pedlars;–nor persons
holding any office, civil or military, in the island of Minorca, or in
Gibraltar, except officers holding commissions in any regiment there,
only, shall be capable of being elected, or of sitting or voting as a
member of any Parliament—15th George II, cap. 22.
This Act exempts from its operation the Treasurer and Comp-
troller of the Navy, the Secretaries of the Treasury, the Secretary to
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the Secretaries to the Admiralty,
the Under Secretary to any of the Principal Secretaries of State, and
the Deputy Paymaster of the Army.
TO ELECTIONS. 455
CONTRACTORS.
All persons holding contracts for the public service are declared
incapable of being elected or sitting; and any Member, accepting
a contract, shall vacate his seat.—22d Geo. III. cap. 45.
PENALTY ON PER SONS DISABLED.
Persons disabled, if returned as Members, their election to be void,
and to be liable to a penalty of 500l.-Act 6th Anne.
DOUBLE RETURNS.
Members on double returns are incapable of sitting till the returns
are determined by a Committee; and there is a resolution of the
House, to this effect, made at the commencement of every Session.
Members who have taken their seats are ineligible for any other
place until they have vacated their seats: but persons elected for
one place may, before they take their seats, be returned for any
other place; in which case, by an order of the House, they are to
make their election, by that day three weeks, for which of the places
they will serve, provided there be no question upon the return from
that place.
IMPERIAL PAR LIAMENT OF THE UNITED KINGDOM.
The following modifications have taken place since the Union with
Ireland:—
By 41st of Geo. III., all persons disabled from sitting in the
British Parliament shall be disabled from sitting in the United Par-
liament. *
Persons disabled from sitting in the Irish Parliament, shall be dis-
abled from sitting for Ireland.
Persons disabled by British statutes, shall not thereby be enabled
to sit for Ireland, nor e contra.
Persons holding certain specified places in Ireland, viz-Commis-
sioners of the Customs, Excise, or Stamp Duties (except Commis-
sioners of the Treasury), Commissioners of Appeals, or Accounts,
Army Agents, Contractors (except members of trading companies),
Deputies or Clerks of the Treasury (except the Secretary of the
Treasury), Auditors of the Exchequer, Deputies and Clerks to the
Chancellor of the Exchequer (except the Secretary), and Clerks to
456 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
Commissioners of Stamps or Appeals, shall be disabled from sitting
in any future Parliament of the United Kingdom.
Persons holding places under the Lord Lieutenant, created since
the 33rd George III., shall also be in future disabled.
Disabled persons sitting in Parliament shall incur the penalties
under former British or Irish Acts; and if disabled under this Act
shall forfeit 500l. per day.
This Act not to extend to offices held for life, or during good
behaviour, except in certain cases.
Members accepting offices under the Crown, shall thereby vacate
their seats; but they may be re-elected.
QUALIFICATIONS OF MEMBERS.
KNIGHTS OF THE SHIR E.
Knights of the shires, for the Parliament hereafter to be chosen,
shall be notable knights of the same counties, or as shall be able to
be knights; and no man to be such a knight, who stands in the degree
of a yeoman or under.—33rd Henry VI. cap. 14.
PECUNIARY AMOUNT OF QUALIFICATION.
No person shall be capable to sit and vote as a member of the House
of Commons, who shall not have an estate, of freehold or copyhold,
for his own life, or some greater estate, either in law or equity, over
and above what will satisfy and clear all encumbrances, of the re-
spective annual value hereafter limited, viz. 600l. per annum for every
knight of the shire, and 300l. per annum for every citizen, burgess,
or baron of the Cinque ports; and persons not being possessed of
such estates respectively, their election and return shall be void.—
9th Anne, cap. 5.
Exceptions IN FAvour of PEERs' sons, &c.
This Act not to extend to the eldest son of a peer, or of a person
qualified to be a knight of the shire; and the Universities may elect
members as formerly.
MORTGAGED PROPERTY NO QUALIFICATION.
No person to be qualified by virtue of any mortgaged premises,
unless the mortgagee has been in possession seven years before the
election.
TO ELECTIONS. 45
7
OATH OF QUALIFICATION.
Every candidate, at the request of another candidate, or of two of
the voters, shall take the oaths of qualification, according to the forms
prescribed; viz. 600l. for a County, and 300!, for a City or Borough.
SCHEDULE OF QUALIFICATION.
Each member must deliver in at the table, to the clerk of the
House, while the House is sitting, a signed schedule of his respective
qualification, and take and subscribe the oaths prescribed; viz. that
he has an estate of sufficient value in England, Scotland, Wales, or
Ireland, to qualify him according to the true meaning of the several
Acts of Parliament, and that such estate is situated as described
therein—The oaths are to be administered by the House, and
enrolled, and the schedules are to be filed.—33rd Geo. II, cap. 20.
PARLIAMENTARY EXAMINATION OF RETURNS.
AMENDMENT OF RETURNS.
Returns were formerly amended by the returning officers; but, by
a resolution of April 20, 1690, they can only be amended by the
House, for which purpose the Clerk of the Crown attends with his
book, and amends it in the House, by erasing the names:—or in case
of a double return, by taking the void one off the file, and letting the
other remain.
PETITIONS AGAINST UNDUE RETURNS.
No petition complaining of an undue return shall be proceeded upon,
unless the same shall be subscribed by a person claiming therein to
have had a right to vote, or be returned; or alleging himself to have
been a candidate at the election.—38th Geo. III., cap. 52.
TIME TO BE APPOINTED FOR CONSIDERING PETITIONS.
A day and hour shall be appointed by the House for taking the
same into consideration, and the Speaker shall give the notice and
order to attend.—10th Geo. III., cap. 16.
3 N
458 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
TIME LIMITED FOR CONSIDER ING PETITIONS.
No petition shall be taken into consideration within fourteen days
after the commencement of the session, nor within fourteen days after
the return filed.—11th Geo. III., cap. 42.
IN CASE of DEATH or NoN-DEFENCE, THE SPEAKER TO SEND NOTICE
TO THE SHER IFF.
In cases where the Speaker shall be informed of the death of any
sitting Member, or that any Member petitioned against does not
intend to defend his election, such Speaker shall immediately send
notice thereof to the Sheriff, who shall order a copy of the same to
be affixed on the doors of the county or town hall, or the nearest
church, and notice likewise shall be inserted in the Gazette.—The
order for taking such petition into consideration shall also be ad-
journed.—28th Geo. III., cap. 52.
VOTERS MAY MAKE COMPLAINT WITH IN THIRTY DAYS.
Within thirty days after notice so inserted in the Gazette, any
voter may present a petition to be admitted a party in the complaint.
MEMBERS DEFENDING, NOT TO BE PARTIES, NOR TO SIT IN THE HOUSE.
Members giving notice of their intention to defend their election,
not to be admitted as parties against any such petition, nor to sit in
the House till the petition is decided.
PETITIONERS MUST ENTER INTO RECOGNIZANCE-
No proceeding to be had upon any petition, unless one of the sub-
scribers enter into a recognizance to appear before the House at the
time fixed for taking it into consideration; and if no recognizance be
entered into, the order for taking the petition into consideration shall
be discharged, unless cause shall be seen for enlarging the time.
RECOGNIZANCES TO BE EXAMINED AND ALLOWED BY THE SPEAKER.
Recognizances shall be entered into before the Speaker, and the
sufficiency of the sureties shall be allowed of by him, on the report of
two persons appointed by the Speaker to examine the same; of which
two persons, the Clerk, or Clerk Assistant of the House, shall always
TO ELECTIONS. 459
be one, and one of the following officers, not being Members, the
other, viz., Masters in Chancery, Clerks of the Courts of King's Bench
and Exchequer, and Prothonotaries in the Common Pleas.
SURETIES LIVING MORE THAN FORTY MILES FROM LONDON.
Sureties living more than forty miles from London may enter into
recognizance before a justice; and affidavits made before a master in
Chancery, or a justice, shall be received as evidence of their suf-
ficiency.
RECOGNIZANCES ON NON-APPEARANCE TO BE DELIVERED INTO THE
EXCHEQUER.
Recognizances of petitioners not appearing before the House at
the time fixed for proceeding to the appointment of a Select Com-
mittee, shall be certified and delivered into the Exchequer by the
Clerk Assistant.—28th Geo. III., cap. 52.
IN WIHAT CASES PETITIONS MAY BE WITH DRAWN.
No petitions shall be withdrawn, unless the member's seat shall
have been vacated.—28th Geo. III. cap. 52.
MODE OF FORMING SELECT COMMITTEES.
The Serjeant at Arms, before the reading of the order of the day
for appointing a Committee, is to require the attendance of the
members, and at his return the House is to be counted, and for want
of one hundred members, to adjourn; and so from day to day, until
one hundred shall be present.—10th Geo. III. cap. 16.
WHEN PETITIONS ARE TO BE CONSIDERED, No oth ER BUSINESS To
BE PROCEEDED IN.
When petitions are to be taken into consideration, the House shall
not proceed to other business previous to reading the order of the
day, except swearing members, and calling over the House.—
11th Geo. III. cap. 42.
OTHER BUSINESS TO BE PROCEEDED WITH, IF ONE HUNDRED
MEMBERS BE NOT PRESENT.
If, after counting the House, there be not one hundred members
present, the House may proceed upon any order of the day for the
call of the House which shall have been previously fixed on for that
day; but not until the door is unlocked, and the parties withdrawn.
—26th Geo. III, cap. 59.
460 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
ORDER TO BE DISCHARGED ON NON-APPEARANCE OF PETITIONERS.
In presence of 100, the petitioners' counsel or agents shall be or-
dered to attend at the bar; but if they do not appear within an hour
after the time fixed for appointing select Committees, the order for
taking such petition into consideration shall be discharged.
COMMITTEE TO BE APPOINTED WHEN THERE IS NO OPPOSITION.
Where no party appears to oppose the petition, the House shall
proceed to appoint a select Committee to try the merits of such
petition in the manner after mentioned.
13 AL LOT FOR THE COMIM ITTEE.
When the several parties are in the House, the names of the mem-
bers are to be put into six boxes or glasses, to be drawn alternately
and read by the Speaker, till forty-nine be drawn. The clerk shall
then put the names drawn into a box or parcel, and attest the same:
—the box or parcel to be sealed by the Speaker, who shall attest
the making up thereof in his presence.—10th Geo. III, cap. 17.
REDUCTION OF THE FORTY-NINE TO THIRTEEN.
After the forty-nine are chosen, the door is to be opened, and the
House may proceed on other business. Lists of the forty-nine are
to be given to the petitioners, who, with the clerk, are to withdraw
and strike off one alternately, till the number be reduced to thirteen,
and the clerk is within one hour to deliver a list of them, who, with
the Nominees, are to be sworn a select Committee.—10th Geo. III.
cap. 17.
If, on complaint of undue election, there shall be more than two
parties on distinct interests, each party shall strike off a number
from forty-nine, successively, until the number be reduced to thirteen.
—12th Geo. III., cap. 42.
REGULATIONS WHERE A SPECIAL, OR NO RETURN, HAS BEEN MADE.
Where no return, or a special return has been made, any elector
may petition, and thereupon a day and hour shall be appointed, and
notice of the meeting of Committees given to the petitioners and
returning officers.-25th Geo. III., cap. 84.
When returning officers cannot be found, or do not appear at
Committees, other persons may be appointed to appear in their
stead; and where more than one petition is presented, the House
shall determine whether the returning officer is to strike off from
the list of Members drawn by lot.—35th Geo. III., cap. 84.
TO ELECTIONS. 461
APPOINTMENT OF NOMINEES.
The petitioner is to name one nominee, and the sitting member
another.—10th Geo. III, cap. 16.
When there are more than two parties on distinct interests,
neither of the parties are to name a nominee : but when the list is
returned to the House, the thirteen members are to withdraw, and
within one hour report the names of such two members; and in case
such two members shall be set aside they shall choose others, until
two are not objected against.—11th Geo. III. cap. 42.
When nominees are directed to be named, no Member may depart
until the time of meeting of the said Committee is fixed.
MEETING OF COMMITTEE, AND ELECTION OF CHAIRMAN.
The House shall order the Select Committee to meet within
twenty-four hours; and a chairman shall be elected out of the
Members chosen by ballot: in case of an equality, the Member first
drawn to have a casting vote.
ADJOURNMENTS NOT TO EXCEED TWENTY-FOUR HOURS.
Select Committees are not to adjourn for more than twenty-four
hours without leave; and if the House be then sitting, business to
be stayed, and motion made for adjournment.
COMMITTEE-MEN NOT TO BE ABSENT WITHOUT LEAVE.
Select Committee-men are not to be absent without leave, nor
Committee to sit until all who have not leave, be met; and on failure
of meeting within one hour, a further adjournment to be made, and
reported, with the cause thereof.
CEN SURE ON ABSENTEES.
The chairman, at the next meeting, is to report absentees, who
are to be directed to attend next sitting, and be censured or punished,
unless their absence be proved to have been unavoidable.
CASES IN WIIICH THE COMMITTEE IS TO BE DIS SOLVED.
If the Members of such Committee, from death or otherwise, shall
for three whole days continue to be less in number than thirteen,
the Committee must be dissolved, and all past proceedings are to
be void.-10th Geo. III., cap. 16.
462 LAWS, &c. RELATIVE
EXCEPTIONS TO THE ABOVE.
But if a Committee shall have sat for business fourteen days,
twelve Members may proceed therein; and if twenty-five days,
eleven Members may proceed.—28th Geo. III., cap. 52.
DETERMINATION OF COMMITTEE TO BE FINAL.
The Committee shall determine finally; and the House shall there-
upon confirm or alter the return, or issue a writ for a new election,
as the case may require.—10th Geo. III., cap. 16.
PARTICULARS OF REPORT OF THE COMMITTEE.
Committees in their reports must mention whether petitions ap-
pear frivolous or vexatious; and when statements in writing are
delivered in, they must report, with their determination on the
merits of the petition, their judgment on such statements; such
report shall be entered on the journals, and notice thereof sent to
the returning officer. The report on the statements delivered in
shall also be final and conclusive at all subsequent elections, unless a
petition be presented to oppose the same within twelve calendar
months after the report to the House, or within fourteen days after
the commencement of the next Session.—28th Geo. III., cap. 52.
PETITIONS To oppose. THE RIGHT OF ELECTION, AS LAID DOWN BY
COMMITTEES.
Persons may, within twelve months after the report, petition to be
admitted to oppose the right of election by such report established.
If no petition be presented, the judgment of the Committee shall
be conclusive.
Forty days shall intervene between the presenting and hearing
such petitions.
Before the hearing, any person may petition to be admitted to
defend the right of election.
Committee shall be appointed to try the merits of such petitions,
whose determination shall be conclusive.—28th Geo. III. cap. 52.
RENEWED PETITIONS.
A renewed petition as to the right, must be prosecuted within
fourteen days after every new session, and taken into consideration
within fourteen days after presenting.
- TO ELECTIONS. 463
If not renewed within the fourteen days, the judgment of Com-
mittees to be final; and renewed petitions delivered in together at
the table, shall be read in the order in which they were directed to
be taken into consideration in the last session.—34th Geo. III.
cap. 83.
PRIVILEGES OF MEMBERS.
The most notorious of these are, privilege of speech, of person, of
their domestics, and of their lands and goods; which are as ancient
as the times of Edward the Confessor. Members were formerly not
only privileged from illegal violence, but also from legal arrests and
seizures by process in courts of law. By the Acts of the 5th of
Henry IV., and 11th Henry VI. to assault, by violence, a member of
either House of Parliament, or his menial servants, is a high contempt
of Parliament, and punishable with the utmost severity".
NO PRIVILEGE IN CERTAIN CASES.
Privilege of Parliament is part of the law of the land, and a member
cannot be arrested, except in cases of treason, felony, and actual
breach of the peace; but all other privileges derogating from the
common law, in matters of civil right (the freedom of a member's
person alone excepted), are now abolished.
ACTION'S MAY BE BROUGHT DURING INTERVALS OF PARLIAMENT.
An action may be commenced against any peer, or member of
Parliament, or his menial servants, &c. in the interval of Parliament;
viz. from and immediately after the dissolution or prorogation of any
* In the reign of Charles II. a motion having been made to lay an imposition on
the playhouses, the court-party objected, saying, that “The players were the King's
servants, and a part of his pleasures.”—On this, Sir John Coventry, a gentleman of
the country-party, very pertinently asked “whether the King's pleasure lay among
the male or the female players?” alluding to Nell Gwynn and Mrs. Davis, two of
the actresses who were mistresses to his Majesty. This keen sarcasm gave great
offence to the court-party; and several officers of the Guards, in order to ingratiate
themselves with the King, waylaid Sir John, and slit his nose down to the bone!—
The Commons, who were justly inflamed by so cruel an indignity offered to one of
their members, immediately passed the act commonly called the Coventry, or Black
Act.


464 LAWS, &c, RELATIVE TO ELECTIONS.
Parliament until the meeting of a new one, and from and immediately
after any adjournment of both Houses, for above fourteen days, until
both Houses shall again meet. The courts where such action shall
be brought, may, after such dissolution, prorogation, or adjournment,
proceed to give judgment, and award execution thereon, notwith-
standing any privilege of Parliament.—12th and 13th William III.
cap. 3.
OBE DIENCE TO THE COURTS AT WESTMINSTER.
Obedience to the Courts of King's Bench, Common Pleas, and
Exchequer, may be enforced against persons having privilege of
Parliament, by Distress Infinite.—10th Geo. III. cap. 50.
FRANKING LETTERS.
All members of Parliament have the privilege of franking a certain
number of letters daily through the post office, whether the House
be sitting or not. After a dissolution, however, Peers may not frank
until the Parliament meets:–the Commons are privileged to do so
immediately on their election. Franking began in 1661, in order to
facilitate communication between the representatives and the repre-
sented. It was abridged in 1764 and 1775.
PROCEEDINGS AGAINST MEMBERS, AS MERCHANTS.
The Act 43rd of George III, to amend Act 4th of the same reign,
cap. 33, recites the inconveniences which had arisen from persons
having privilege of Parliament; and enacts that traders having such
privilege, shall within two months after summons, enter an ap-
pearance, or be adjudged bankrupt.
On proceeding by summons without affidavit, appearance may be
entered by the defendant.
Appearance may also be put in for defendants having privilege of
Parliament, in Courts of Equity, on return of process of sequestration.
In default of answer to any Bill in Equity, against persons having
privilege of Parliament, the Bill shall be taken pro confesso: such
Bill shall be read in evidence, as an answer admitting the fact.
Traders having privilege of Parliament, disobeying orders in
Chancery to pay money, shall be declared bankrupts.

A
DIG E S T
of The
ST A N DIN G O R D E R S
OF THE
HOUSE OF COMMONS
RELATING TO
PRIVATE BILLS, AND OTHER MATTERs.
PRIVATE BILLS, GENERALLY.
t
TIME FOR PRESENTING PETITIONS FOR PRIVATE BILLS.
1. All petitions for private Bills must be presented within 14 days
after the first Friday in every session of Parliament.
CONTENT'S AND SIGNATURES OF PETITIONS.
2. No private Bill shall be brought into this House, but upon a
petition first presented, truly stating the case; at the peril of the
parties preferring the same. Such petition must be signed by the
parties who are suitors for the Bill.
PRIVATE BILL OFFICE AND REGISTER.
-
3. A book, to be called “THE PRIvate BILL REGISTER,”
shall be kept in a room, to be called “THE PRIvatt, BILL Office,
in which book shall be entered, by the Clerks appointed for the
business of that office (who shall not be employed, or act, as agents
in the management or conduct of any Bills in the House of Commons;
nor be in partnership with any person so employed) the name, de-
scription, and place of residence of the Parliamentary Agent in
town, and of the agent in the country (if any) who solicits the Bill;
-
3 o
466 STANDING ORDERS OF
and all the proceedings, from the petition to the passing of the
Bill:—such entry to specify, briefly, each day's proceeding in the
House, or in any Committee to which the Bill or petition may be
referred;—the day and hour on which the Committee is appointed
to sit;-the day and hour to which such Committee may be ad-
journed;—and the name of the Committee Clerk. Such book to be
open for public inspection daily, in the said office, between the
hours of eleven and five.
PLANS, &c. To BE Lodged IN THE PRIvaTE BILL office.
4. All plans, elevations, sections, and other papers, required by
the Standing Orders of the House, must be lodged in the Private
Bill Office, before petitions are presented:—the receipt thereof to be
acknowledged by one of the clerks of the said office.
PARTICULARS TO BE INSERTED IN THE SUBSCRIPTION LIST.
5. Every subscription list deposited in the Private Bill Office
must contain the christian and surnames, places of abode, and quality
or calling of the subscribers to the work, as well as the sums by them
respectively subscribed.
TIME OF DAY FOR DELIVERING NOTICES AT THE PRIVATE BILL
OFFICE.
6. All notices to be delivered into the Private Bill Office, before
8 o'clock in the evening.
PETITIONS FOR BILLS, REQUIRING TOILs or DUTIES, To BE REFERRED
TO THE COMMITTEE OF STANDING ORDERS.
7. No Bill (except for the continuation or amendment of any Act
for making, maintaining, keeping in repair or improving Turnpike
Roads) shall be ordered to be brought in, on petition, for any work
proposed to be carried on by tolls or duties to be levied on the
subject, in particular places, till such petition has been referred to a
Committee; who shall in the first instance examine whether the
Standing Orders have been complied with, and report the same,
together with the matter of the said petition, to the House.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 467
TIME FOR HEARING PETITIONERS AGAINST A PETITION.
8. Whenever any petition shall have been referred to a Committee,
no other petitioners shall be heard by themselves or Counsel, against
such petition, until the matter thereof shall have been reported to
the House.
PETITIONS OF COMPLAINT NOT TO BE RECEIVED AFTER THE SECOND
READING-
9. This House will not receive any petitions on private Bills,
referring solely to the compliance or non-compliance with the orders
of the House, subsequently to the second reading of the Bills to
which they respectively relate.
DUTIES OF THE STANDING ORDER COMMITTEE.
10. A Committee shall be appointed at the commencement of every
session, consisting of twenty-one members, of whom three shall be a
quorum, to be denominated “The STANDING ORDER CoMMITTEE ;”
to whom shall be referred all Reports from Committees on petitions
for private Bills, in which it shall be stated that any of the Standing
Orders have not been complied with ; and such Committee shall
report their opinion thereupon to the House.
WHAT BILLS ARE TO BE PRINTED, AND WHEN.
11. All private Bills, except naturalization and name Bills shall
be printed; and copies delivered to the members, before the first
reading.
CUSTODY OF BILLS AFTER THE FIRST READING.
12. Every private Bill, after it has been read a first time, and the
title copied and examined for the votes, shall be in the custody of
the clerks of the Private Bill Office, until laid upon the table for the
second reading; and when committed, it shall be taken by the
proper Committee Clerk into his charge, till reported.
NAME OF BILL TO BE COPIED INTO EXAMINATION BOOK.
13. After each private Bill has been read a first time, its name
(or short title) shall be copied by the clerks of the Private Bill
468 STANDING ORDERS OF .
Office, from the clerk's minute book of the day, into a separate
book, to be called “THE ExAMINATION Book;"—wherein shall be
noted the number of such Bill, according to the priority and date of
such first reading. -
EXAMINATION OF THE BILL AND ITS BREVIATE.
14. Between the first and second readings, each private Bill shall,
according to its priority, be examined with all practicable despatch,
by the clerks of the Private Bill Office, as to its conformity with the
Rules and Standing Orders of the House; and the Breviate thereof
shall be compared with the Bill;-the examining clerk, at the foot
of such Breviate, stating, “ that the Bill is (or, is not) prepared in
due form :"—and if not in due form, he shall specify the folio in
which any irregularity occurs. He shall, moreover, in all cases,
sign and date the Breviate of such Bill, with the day of examination;
and shall enter the like date, together with his own name, in the
Examination Book.
PARTICULARS OF SUCH EXAMINATION.
15. The points to which the duty of the examining clerk shall
extend are the following, viz. (1.) That the title and provisions of
the Bill are comprehended within the allegations of the petition, and
within the order of leave : (2.) That proper blanks are left in the
Bill: (3.) That there are no erasures or interlineations; and also
(where necessary) that each Bill contains the particular clauses
directed by the Standing Orders applicable to each respectively;
and that Bills for confirming Letters Patent have a copy of the letters
annexed.

16. The examining clerk shall moreover compare the Breviate with
the Bill, and see that the subject-matter of each clause or set of
clauses is sufficiently pointed out :-The form of the Breviate to be
such as the Speaker shall from time to time direct.
TIME BETWEEN THE FIRST AND SECOND READING OF PRIVATE BILLS.
17. Seven clear days must elapse between the first and second
reading of all Bills for Navigation, Railways, Tunnels, Ferries, and
Docks; and three clear days between the first and second reading of
all other private Bills.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 469
THE SECOND READING TO BE TWO MONTHS AFTER NOTICE IN THE
FIRST INSTANCE.
18. No private Bill shall be read a second time, until after the
expiration of two calendar months from the day on which the last
notice was given in the newspapers,
NOTICE OF THE SECOND READING TO tº E GIVEN AT THE PRIVATE
BILL OFFICE.
19. Three clear days' notice, in writing, of the day proposed for
the second reading of every private Bill, must be given by the agent
soliciting the same to the clerks in the Private Bill Office, who shall
enter the same in the Private Bill Register. -
RESOLUTIONS AS TO FIEES ON PRIVATE BILLS.
20. That every Bill for the particular interest or benefit of any
person or persons, whether the same be brought in upon petition,
or motion, or report from a Committee, or brought from the Lords,
hath been, and ought to be, deemed, a Private Bill, within the
meaning of the Table of Fees.
21. That every Enacting Clause, so brought in upon petition,
motion, or report, or brought from the Lords, for a particular
interest or benefit, hath been, and ought to be deemed a Private
Enacting Clause, within the meaning of the said Table of Fees,
whether the Bill, in which such clause is inserted, be public or
private.
22. That every such Bill, and every such Enacting Clause, which
concerns a County or Counties, a corporation or corporations, or
body or bodies of people, hath been, and ought to be, deemed a
double Bill, within the meaning of the said Table of Fees.
23. That every Distinct Provision made in any Bill for the par-
ticular interest or benefit of any person or persons, or of any County
or Counties, corporation or corporations, or body or bodies of people,
and every Distinct Provision made in any Bill, relating to a distinct
interest, estate, or matter, hath been, and ought to be, deemed an
enacting clause within the meaning of the said Table of Fees; and
470 STANDING ORDERS OF
that a distinct fee ought to be paid for the same, as for an Enacting
Clause: provided, that in Bills containing Distinct Provisions for
more than three bodies of people, no more than a single fee shall
be paid for each body.—Die Jovis, 13th Junii, 1751.
FEES TO BE PAID BEFORE THE SECOND READING.
24. No Bill, nor clause, for the particular interest or benefit of any
person or persons, county, corporation, or body of people, shall be
read a second time, unless fees be paid for the same.
TIME FOR SITTING OF THE COMMITTEE.
25. Seven clear days must elapse between the second reading of
every private Bill, and the sitting of the Committee thereupon.
CONTENTS OF PETITIONS TO BE SPECIFIC AND ACCURATE.
26. No petition against a private Bill shall be referred to the
Committee on such Bill, which shall not distinctly specify the ground
on which the petitioner objects to the Bill or to any of the provisions
thereof; and the petitioners shall be heard only on such grounds so
stated. If it shall appear to the Committee, that such grounds are
not specified with sufficient accuracy, they may direct that a more
specific statement, in writing, shall be given in.
NOTICE WHEN COMMITTEE UPON THE BILL SHALL SIT.
27. Three clear days' notice, in writing, of the day and hour on
which the Committee on the Bill is appointed to sit, must be given
by the agent to the clerks in the Private Bill Office, who shall enter
the same in the Private Bill Register: the proceedings of every
Committee sitting without such notice shall be void.
FILLED UP BILL, TO BE DEPOSITED IN THE PRIVATE BILL OFFICE.
28. A filled up Bill, signed by the agent, as proposed to be sub-
mitted to the Committee, must be deposited in the Private Bill
Office at the time of giving notice of the meeting of the Committee;
and all parties shall be entitled to a copy thereof, upon payment of
the charges for making out amendments to such Bill.
NoTICE of PostPoNEMENT OF THE FIRST MEETING, REQUIRED.
29. No postponement of the first meeting of any Committee on a
private Bill shall take place, unless notice of one clear day be given
in the Private Bill Office.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 471
NOTE OF ADJOURNMENT TO BE GIVEN.
30. A note, in writing, of the day and hour to which each Com-
mittee is adjourned, shall be given by the Committee Clerk to the
Clerks in the Private Bill Office; who shall enter the same in the
Private Bill Register.
LISTS OF COMMITTEES TO BE HUNG IN THE LOBBY.
31. The Clerks in the Private Bill Office shall prepare, daily, Lists
of all Private Bills, upon which Committees are appointed to sit;
specifying the hour of meeting ; and (as soon as the same can be
known), the room where the Committee shall sit; and the same shall
be hung up in the lobby of the House.
TIME FoR SENDING FOR PERSONs, PAPERS, AND RECORDS.
32. The Chairman of the Committee upon any private Bill, so soon
as the same is appointed, may in cases where the House has given
power to send for persons, papers, and records, issue an order
accordingly; so that such persons, papers, and records may be in
readiness for the Committee to proceed upon at the expiration of
seven days.
NUMBER CONSTITUTING A COMMITTEE.
33. Five members shall be the number to constitute a Committee
on a petition or Bill; and the names of the members attending each
Committee shall be entered on the minutes by the clerk.
comMITTEE BILL AND CLAUSEs ADDED, TO BE SIGNED BY THE
cHAIRMAN.
34. The Chairman of the Committee shall sign, with his name at
length, a printed copy of the Bill (to be called the Committee Bill)
on which the amendments are to be fairly written in those parts of
the Bill wherein they are to be inserted; he shall also sign, with his
initials, the several clauses added in the Committee.
BILL AS AMENDED TO BE DELIVERED IN.
35. The Committee Clerk, after the Report is made out, shall
deliver into the Private Bill Office a printed copy of the Bill, with
the written amendments made in the Committee.
472 STANDING ORDERS OF
M01DE OF PROVING NOTICES AND ALLEGATIONS FOR ACTS OF
INCLOSURE.
36. The Committee to whom any petition or Bill for inclosing
lands, or for extinguishing any right of common thereon, shall be
referred, may admit proof of the notices required by the Standing
Orders, and of the allegations in the preamble of such Bill, by
affidavit taken and authenticated, according to the form prescribed
in the schedule to the general inclosure act (41 Geo. III. c. 109);
unless such Committee shall otherwise order.
THE SAME FOR IRELAND.
37. In all private Bills relating to Ireland, the notices required
by the Standing Orders of this House, and the allegations in the
preamble of such Bills, may be proved before any Judge of that part
of the united kingdom, whose certificate shall be admitted as evidence
of such pooof having been made; unless the Committee shall other-
wise order.
MODE OF SIGNIFYING CONSENT TO ACTS OF INCLOSURE.
38. All persons interested in any Bill for inclosing lands, or for
the extinguishing any right of common thereon, may signify their
consent to the same, by affidavit taken and authenticated, according
to the form prescribed in the schedule to the general inclosure act
(41 Geo. III. c. 109); unless the Committee shall otherwise order.
MODE OF SIGNIFYING CONSENT TO PRIVATE BILLS IN IRELAND.
39. All persons interested in private Bills relating to Ireland, shall
personally attend the Committee, to give their consents, or signify
the same to one of the Judges of that part of the united kingdom;
whose certificate shall be taken as proof of such consent; unless the
Committee shall otherwise order.
CONSENTS IN ALL OTHER CASES.
40. In all other instances, persons interested in any private Bill,
shall personally attend the Committee, to give their consents; or
certificates in writing of their consent must be proved by one or
more witnesses before the Committee.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 473
MAPs, &c. To BE signed BY THE chairMAN.
41. All maps, plans, and schedules or books of reference thereto,
which shall be produced before the Committee on any private Bill
(whether the same shall have been previously lodged in the Private
Bill Office, or not), shall be signed by the Chairman with his name
at length; and he shall also mark with his initials every alteration of
the same, which shall be agreed upon by the said Committee. Every
such map, &c. shall thereafter be deposited in the Private Bill Office.
CERTIFIED MAPs, &c. To BE PREviously verified.
42. Every map or plan, &c. which shall be certified by the Speaker
of the House of Commons, in pursuance of any Act of Parliament,
must previously be ascertained, and verified upon oath, to be exactly
conformable in all respects to the map or plan, &c. signed by the
Chairman of the Committee upon the Bill; including every alteration
which may have been made therein, by authority of Parliament.
NOTICE OF THE DAY OF REPORT.
43. One clear day's notice in writing, of the day on which the Bill
is to be reported, must be given by the agent soliciting the Bill, to
the clerks in the Private Bill Office.
A1, LEGATIONS AND CONSENTS TO BE REPORTED BY THE COMMITTEE.
44. The Chairman of the Committee, upon the report of every
private Bill, shall acquaint the House, that the allegations of the Bill
have been examined; and whether the parties concerned have given
their consent, to the satisfaction of the Committee.
MINUTES OF COMMITTEE TO BE LAID ON THE TABLE.
45. The minutes of the Committee, on every contested private
Bill, shall be brought up and laid on the table of the House, with the
report of the Bill.
TIME BETWEEN THE REPORT AND CONSIDERATION, OF CERTAIN BILLS
46. Seven clear days shall elapse between the day on which every
Bill within the Standing Orders, respecting Navigation, Railways,
Tunnels, Ferries, and Docks, is reported, and the day on which the
report shall be taken into consideration.
3 P
474 STANDING ORDERS OF
BILLS TO BE PRINTED THREE DAYS AIFTER BEING REPORTED,
47. Every such Bill, as amended by the Committee, shall be
printed, at the expense of the parties applying for the same; and
delivered to the members, three clear days at least before the report
is taken into consideration.
NOTICE OF THE TIME For CONSIDER ING REPORTS.
48. In all cases where reports on Bills are ordered to lie on the
table, one clear day's notice in writing of the day on which such
report is intended to be taken into consideration, must be given by
the agent soliciting the Bill, to the clerks in the Private Bill Office,
who shall enter the same in the Private Bill Register.
ORDER OF THE INGROSSMENT OF BILLS.
49. All private Bills shall be engrossed, examined, and brought to
the table of the House, according to the priority in which they are
ordered to be engrossed.
NOTICE OF THE THIRD READING.
50. One clear day's notice, in writing, of the day proposed for the
third reading of every private Bill, must be given by the agent to the
Clerks in the Private Bill Office.
AMENDMENTS ON REPORT AND THIRD READING.
51. The amendments (if any) which are made upon the report and
upon the third reading, shall be entered by one of the clerks in the
Private Bill Office, upon the printed copy of the Bill as amended by
the Committee; which clerk shall sign the copy so amended, in order
to its being deposited and preserved in the said office.
EXAMINATION OF ENGROSSMENTS.
52. To insure the accuracy of the engrossment of all private Bills,
the Clerk of the House shall be required to provide a sufficient number
of clerks, to be called ExAMINERs of ENGRossMENTs.
CERTIFICATE OF THE EXAMINATION OF ENGROSSMENTS.
53. No Bill shall be read a third time, until a certificate be endorsed
upon the Paper Bill, and signed by one or more of the examiners
of engrossments, declaring that the engrossment thereof has been
examined, and agrees with the Bill, as amended by the Committee,
and on the report.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 475
BRIDGES :—BILLS For BUILDING.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION TO BE GIVEN.
1. Resolved, that when any application is intended to be made to
the House, for leave to bring in a Bill for erecting a Bridge, or for
the continuing or amending any Act of Parliament passed for that
purpose, or for the increase or alteration of the existing tolls, rates, or
duties upon any Bridge, Notices of such intended application must
be given, as follow:
THE SAME TO CONTAIN NAMES OF PARISHES AND INCREASE OF TOLLS.
2. Such notices must describe the parish or parishes in which the
said Bridge is erected or intended to be erected; and if an increase
or alteration in any existing tolls, rates, or duties is intended to be
proposed, the intention of proposing such increase or alteration must
be expressed therein.
NOTICES TO BE INSERTED IN THE NEWSPAPERS.
3. Such Notices must be inserted three times in the months of
August, September, October, and November, or either of them, im-
mediately preceding the Session of Parliament in which such appli-
cation is intended to be made, in some one and the same Newspaper
of every county to which such Bridge extends or is intended to
extend ; or if there be no such paper printed therein, then in the
Newspaper of some county adjoining, or near, thereto.
comMITTEE's REPort of compliance witH standing ORDERS.
4. The Committee to whom such Petition shall be referred, shall
examine, in the first place, how far the preceding Orders have been
complied with ; and shall report the same to the House, on the
report of such Petition.
subscripTIONs to BE PAID UP, AND TREAs URERs, &c. To Give
SECURITY. -
5. In all Bills presented to the House, for any or either of the
purposes aforesaid, provision shall be made for compelling the per-
sons who have subscribed any money towards carrying any such work
into execution, to make payment of the sums severally subscribed by
them; and also to oblige the Company, Commissioners, or Trustees,
to take security from their Treasurer, Receiver, or Collector, for the
faithful execution of his office.
476 STANDING ORDERS OF
TURNPIKE ROADS:—BILLS For MARING.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
I and 2. When any application is intended to be made to the
House, for leave to bring in a Bill for making a Turnpike road, &c.,
for widening or diverting any such road, or for altering the tolls
thereupon ; Notices must be given, containing the names of parishes
through which the road passes, as well as the alteration of tolls con-
templated, as for BRIDGEs.
3. Such Notices must be inserted in the county Newspapers, as
for BRIDGEs; and if the said Road be situate within the Bills of
Mortality, then the Notices must in like manner be inserted in the
London Gazette.
MAPS AND BOOKS OF REFERENCE, TO BE DEPOSITED WITH THE CLERK
OF THE PEACE.
4. A map or plan of such Road, or intended alteration, upon the
scale of not less than three inches to a mile, must be deposited for
public inspection at the office of the Clerk of the Peace of every
county, riding, or division, through which such road is intended to
be carried, on or before the 30th of November previous to the session
of parliament in which snch application is intended to be made ;
together with a book of reference, containing a list of the names of
the owners or reputed owners and occupiers of such lands respect-
ively.
SUCH MAPs, &c. To BE open For PUBLIC INSPECTION.
5. The Clerks of the Peace shall make a memorial in writing,
upon the map or plan and book of reference deposited with them,
denoting the time at which the same were lodged in their respective
offices; and must at all seasonable hours of the day permit any per-
son to view and examine the same, and to make copies or extracts
therefrom, on paying the usual fees.
APPLICATION TO LAND own ERs, &c.
6. Before application is made to the House for any of the purposes
aforesaid, a previous application must be made to the owners and
occupiers of the lands through which such road is intended to be
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 477
carried; and separate lists must be made of the names of such owners
and occupiers, distinguishing which have assented to, dissented from,
or are neuter in respect to, such road or alteration.
DUPLICATES OF DOCUMENTS TO BE LODGED IN THE PRIVATE BILL
OFFICE-
7 and 8. The lists mentioned in the last resolution, and a duplicate
of the map or plan, also an estimate of the proposed expense of such
undertaking, signed by the person or persons making the same, toge-
ther with an account of the money subscribed, and the names of the
subscribers, with the respective sums, must be lodged in the Private
Bill Office of this House; the receipt of all which shall be acknow-
ledged accordingly, by one of the Clerks. (See also sect. 5 of PRivate
BILLs, generally.)
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDERS.
9. The Committee shall report compliance with Standing Orders,
as in the case of BRIDGEs.
CoMMISSIONERS TO BE PossEssBD of CERTAIN PRoPERTY.
10. In all such Bills, a clause shall be inserted, to prevent Com-
missioners from acting or voting in the business of the said Turnpike,
unless they be possessed of an estate in land, or a personal estate, to
such certain value as shall be specified in such bills. Such qualifica-
tion to be extended to the heirs apparent of persons possessed of
estates in land.
SUBSCRIPTIONS AND SECURITY FROM TREASURERs, &c.
11 and 12. Subscriptions to be paid up, and Treasurers, &c., to
give security, as for BRIDGEs.
Note.—Sections 10, 11, and 12, do not now apply to Great Bri-
tain, being included in the General Turnpike Acts.
FEES ON BILLS FOR EXTENDING AND CONSOLIDATING TURNPIKE ROAD
TRUSTS.
13. Every Bill for the sole purpose of ewtending the term for the
execution of the existing powers and provisions of any Turnpike Road
Act, shall be considered, as to the payment of fees, as a single Bill;
provided that no alteration be made in the powers and provisions of
478 STANDING ORDERS OF
such Act, and no new clauses introduced, except such as are required
to be inserted in all Turnpike Road Bills, by the Standing Orders of
the Two Houses of Parliament.
14. Every Bill for the simple consolidation of any two or more
Turnpike Road Trusts into one and the same Trust, shall be con-
sidered, as to the payment of fees, as a single Bill.
15. If provision be made for extending the term for execution of
any or all the Trusts thereby to be consolidated, as aforesaid, such
Bill shall be considered, as to the payment of fees, as a double Bill.
—Die Jovis, 4to Julii, 1822.

CANALS, CUTS, AQUEDUCTS, RESERVOIRS, AND THE
IMPROVEMENT OF RIVER NAVIGATION:–BILLS For.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
1 and 2. When any application is intended to be made to the
House, for leave to bring in a Bill for making any cut, canal, re-
servoir, or aqueduct, for the purpose of navigation; or of supplying
any city, town, or place, with water; or for varying, abridging,
extending, or enlarging any such cut, canal, reservoir, or aqueduct
already made; or for improving the navigation of any river, or for
altering the tolls thereupon, notices are to be given as for BRIDGEs;
containing the names of parishes and townships, the objects of the
intended alteration, and any variation in the tolls, &c.
3. Such notices must be inserted in the County Newspapers, as
for BRIDGEs.
4. A further notice of such intended application must be given, in
writing, to the corporation of the Bedford Level, or Great Level of
the Fens, in the months of August, September, October and No-
vember, or either of them, immediately preceding the session of Par-
liament in which such application is to be made,-if the interests of
the said corporation are by such Bill likely to be affected.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 479
MAPs, sections, &c.
5. The map, section, and book of reference, must be deposited with
the Clerks of the Peace, as in the case of TURNPIKE RoADs;–with
this farther provision, that the plan shall also describe the brooks and
streams to be diverted into such cut, canal, reservoir, aqueduct, or
navigation, and the elevation of any such aqueduct. Such section
must specify the Levels, and describe the same by feet and inches.
6. Clerks of the Peace are to make a memorial on the map and
book of reference and section, in regard to the time of receiving the
same; with permission to examine the same on paying the usual fees,
as in the case of TURNPIKE Roads.
APPLICATION TO LAND OWNERS, &c.
7. Previous application must be made to the owners and occupiers
of lands; and lists made of assents, dissents, and neuters, as in the
case of TURNPIKE RoADs.
8. The same to be done, when any former act is intended to be
amended; and notice must be given in writing to the owners and
occupiers of the lands in which any part of the said cut, canal,
reservoir, or aqueduct, intended to be thereby relinquished, is situate.
9. Previous application must also be made to owners or occupiers
of lands where any reservoir is intended to be erected, and through
which any channel or conveyance is intended to be made for the
purposes of feeding or supplying with water any such cut, canal,
aqueduct, or navigation; and separate lists must be made of such
owners and occupiers, distinguishing which of them have assented to,
or dissented from, such proposed work, or are neuter in respect
thereto.
DOCUMENTS TO BE LODGED IN THE PRIVATE BILL OFFICE.
10 and 11. Lists and duplicate of the map, section, and book of
reference, with the Estimate, and account of subscriptions, must be
lodged in the Private Bill Office, as in the case of TURN pike Roads.
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDERS.
12. The Committee shall report compliance with Standing Orders,
as in the case of BRIDGEs.
480 STANDING ORDERS OF
SUBSCRIPTIONS, AND SECURITY FROM TREASURERs, &c.
13. Subscriptions to be paid up, and security to be taken from
treasurers, &c., as for BRIDGEs.
CoNTRACT TO BE ENTERED INTO BY SUBSCRIBERs To CANALs,
RAILwAYs, &c.
14. No Bill for making or extending any cut, canal, or aqueduct,
or for making or extending any ways or roads, commonly called Rail-
ways or Tram roads, shall be read a second time, unless one-half of the
sum required for the probable expense of the work shall have been
subscribed by persons, under a contract, binding themselves, their
heirs, executors, administrators, and assigns, for the payment of the
money so subscribed; such contract to be previously deposited in the
Private Bill Office, and produced before the Committee on the Bill, if
required.
TIME BETWEEN THE FIRST AND SECOND READING.
15. Seven clear days shall elapse between the first and second
reading of such Bills.
PRINTED BILL, &c., To BE DEPoSITED witH THE PARISH clerk;
AND PROPER NOTICE GIVEN THAT SUCH HAS BEEN DONE.
16. After the presentation of such Bill, and ten days at least
before the Committee shall sit, a printed copy, with a map annexed
thereto, engraved or printed upon the scale of an inch at least to a
mile, and authenticated by the signature of the person or persons soli-
citing the same, must be deposited with the parish clerk of the several
parishes, from, in, through, and into which, any cut, canal, reservoir,
or aqueduct, or any such variation, abridgment, extension, or enlarge-
ment, is intended to be made, for the inspection and examination of
all persons concerned. Seven days' previous notice of such deposit
must be given once, in some newspaper of the county, and a copy of
the same affixed on the church door of every parish concerned.
EVIDENCE THAT THE PRECEDING RESOLUTION HAS BEEN COMPLIED
WITH.
17. Evidence shall be adduced before the Committee that the
preceding resolution has been duly complied with.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 481
PRO OFS OF DISSENT OF OWNERS OR OCCUPIERS OF LAND.
18. All owners and occupiers of land, who shall dissent, must give
their certificate in writing, signifying that they have seen a printed
copy of the said bill, and do dissent thereto : the handwriting to
such certificate to be proved, by one or more witnesses, before the
Committee; or if they do not give such certificate, they must per-
sonally attend the said Committee.
THE COMMITTEE TO REPORT THE LIST OF DISSENTS.
19. The Committee shall report to the House, together with the
Report of the Bill, a list of the names of such persons as shall appear
to them to dissent.
ASCENT AND FENCES OF BRIDGES OVER CANALS, &c.
20. No such Bill shall be reported to the House, unless there shall
be contained therein a provision that the ascent to every Bridge to be
made over such cut, canal or aqueduct, shall not be more than one
foot in thirteen; and that the fence on each side shall not be less
than four feet above the surface of the Bridge.
TIME BETWEEN REPORT AND CONSIDERATION.
21. Seven clear days shall elapse between the day on which such
Bill is reported to the House, and when the said Report shall be taken
into consideration.
PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE BILL, AFTER REPORT.
22. After being reported to the House, the Bill, as amended by
the Committee, shall be printed at the expense of the parties
applying for the same; and be delivered at the door to the Members
three clear days at least before such Report shall be taken into con-
sideration.
RAILWAYS or TRAM ROADS :—BILLS for MAking.
The Standing Orders relating to Bills for making navigable cANALs,
reservoirs, aqueducts, and improving the navigation of rivers, or for
continuing or amending any Act of Parliament for any or either of
those purposes, shall be extended to Bills for making ways or roads
commonly called RAILways or TRAM Roads.
3 Q

482 STANDING ORDERS OF
TUNNELS on ARCHWAYS :—BILLS For MAKING.
The Standing Orders relating to Bills for making navigable cANALs,
reservoirs, aqueducts, and the navigation of rivers, or for continuing or
amending any Act of Parliament for any or either of those purposes
(except so much thereof as relates to a contract to be entered into by the
subscribers) shall extend to Bills for making TUNNELs or ARchways:
but if either of the same be situate within the Bills of Mortality, then
the notices shall be inserted in the London Gazette.
FERRIES or DOCKS :—BILLS For MARING.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
1 and 2. When any application is intended to be made to the
House, for leave to bring in a Bill for establishing any Ferry, or
making any Dock, or for altering any Ferry or Dock, or for the
increase or alteration of existing tolls or duties, Notices must be
given as for BRIDGEs.
3. Such Notices must be inserted in the County Newspapers, as
for BRIDGEs, and affixed upon the Church Doors of the parish or
parishes in which such Ferry or Dock shall be proposed to be made,
&c., for three Sundays in the months of August, September, October,
and November, or either of them.
THE MAP, &c., to BE DEPosited For PUBLIC INSPECTION.
4 and 5. A map or plan of such intended Ferry or Dock must be
deposited with the Clerk of the Peace, as for TURNPIKE Roads.
APPLICATIon To LAND own ERs, &c.
6. Application must be made to the owners and occupiers of lands
in which any such Dock shall be made or altered, &c., as for TURN.
Pike Roads.
DOCUMENTS TO BE LODGED IN THE PRIVATE BILL OFFICE.
7 & 8. The lists of assent and dissent, duplicate of the map or plan,
estimate of expenses, and the account of subscriptions, must be lodged
in the Private Bill Office, as in the case of TURNPIKE Roads.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 483
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDER.S.
9. The Committee shall report compliance with Standing Orders,
as in the case of BRIDGEs.
SUBSCRIPTIONS AND SECURITY.
10. Subscriptions to be paid up, and Treasurers, &c. to give se-
curity, as for BRIDGEs.
TIME BETWEEN THE FIRST AND SE COND READING.
11. Seven clear days shall elapse between the first and second
reading of such Bills.
REPORT OF COMMITTEE AS TO THE ASSENT AND DISSENT OF OWNERS.
12. Owners and occupiers of the land shall personally attend the
Committee; or if they do not attend, they must give their certificate
in writing, that they have seen a printed copy of the Bill, and do
give their consent, or dissent, thereto, or are neuter in respect thereof:
the handwriting of such certificate must be proved by one or more
witnesses: and the Committee shall report to the House, together
with the report of the said Bill, a list of the names of such persons,
as for CANALs.
TIME BETWEEN REPORT AND CONSIDERATION.
13. The same as for CANALs.
PRINTING AND DISTRIBUTION OF THE BILL, AFTER REPORT.
14. The same as for CANALs.
PIERS, PORTS, or HARBOURS:—BILLS For MARING or
IMPROVING.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
1, 2, & 3. When any application is intended to be made to the
House, for leave to bring in a Bill for making or improving any Pier,
Port, or Harbour; or for the alteration of existing tolls, Notices
must be given of the tolls, &c. contemplated, in the County News-
papers, as for BRIDGEs.
484 STANDING ORDERS OF
ESTIMATE AND ACCOUNT OF SUBSCRIPTIONS TO BE LODGED IN THE
PRIVATE BILL OFFICE.
4. The same as for TURNPIKE RoAds.
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDERs.
5. The same as for BRIDGEs.
SUBSCRIPTIONS TO BE PAID UP, AND TREASURERs, &c. To Give
- SECURITY.
6. The same as for BRIDGEs.
INCLOSING, DRAINING, or IMPROVING OF LANDS :—
BILLS For.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
1 & 2. When any application is intended to be made to the House,
for leave to bring in a Bill for inclosing, draining, or improving lands,
Notices must be inserted in the Newspapers, as for BRIDGEs ; and
affixed to the Church Doors, as for FERRIEs and Docks.
FURTHER NOTICE.
3. A further notice of such intended application must be given,
in writing, to the Corporation of The Bedford Level, or Great Level
of the Fens, during the months of August, September, October, and
November, or either of them, as for AQUEDucts, CANALs, &c., in
case the interests of that Corporation are thereby likely to be
affected.
NAMEs of commissionERS, AND COMPENSATIONs, To BE INSERTED.
4. In all Bills for inclosing lands, the names of the Commissioners
proposed to be appointed, and the compensation intended for the
Lord of the Manor, and the owners of tithes, in lieu of their re-
spective rights, and also the compensation intended to be made for
the enfranchisement of copyholds, where any bargains or agreements
have been made for such compensations, must be inserted: and all
copies of such Bills, whether printed or written, which shall be sent
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 485
to any of the persons interested in the said manor, tithes, lands
or commons, for their consent, must contain the names of such
proposed Commissioners, with the compensations so bargained or
agreed for.
DISQUALIFICATION OF COMMISSIONERS, SURVEYORS, &c.
5. No person shall be named in any such Bills, as a Commissioner,
Surveyor, or Valuer, who shall be interested in the inclosure to be
made by virtue of such Bill; nor the agent ordinarily intrusted with
the care, superintendence, or management of the estate of any person
so interested.
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDER.S.
6. The same as for BRIDGEs ; and in case the petition shall not
be referred to a Committee, then the Committee to whom the Bill
shall be committed, shall examine and report to the House how far
the preceding Orders have been complied with.
CLAUSES FOR SETTLING THE PAY OF COMMISSIONERS, AND FOR
PASSING THEIR ACCOUNTS.
7. In all Bills for inclosing, draining, or improving lands, there
shall be inserted a clause, providing what sum of money in the whole, or
by the day, shall be paid to each of the Commissioners to be appointed
by such Bill, in satisfaction of their expense and trouble; also a
clause providing that the account of such Commissioners, containing
a true statement of all sums by them received and expended or due
to them for their own trouble, &c., shall, at least once in every year,
from the date of the passing of such Act (till such accounts shall be
finally allowed, together with the vouchers relating to the same),
be examined by persons in such Bill to be named ; as well as the
balance stated in the book of accounts required to be kept in the
office of the Clerk of such Commissioners: no charge or item in such
accounts shall be binding on the parties concerned, or be valid in
law, unless the same shall be duly allowed by such person or persons.
FEES ON BILLS For THE INCLOSURE OF SMALL TRACTS OF LAND.
8. Bills for the purpose of inclosing small tracts of land, not ex-
ceeding three hundred acres, and effecting the same by clauses usual
in such Bills, shall be considered, as to the payment of fees, only as
486 STANDING ORDERS OF
single Bills. Those for the inclosure of small tracts of land, to be
effected as above, not exceeding one hundred acres, shall be subject
only to the payment of half the Bill fees due on a single Bill. The
admeasurement in both cases to be proved according to the form
prescribed in the schedule to the General Inclosure Act.—41st
Geo. III., cap. 109.-Die Jovis, 20 Julii, 1801.
COUNTY RATES, GAOLS AND HOUSES OF CORREC-
TION:—BILLS RELATING To.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
1, 2, & 3. When any application is intended to be made to the
House, for leave to bring in a Bill for regulating County Rates; or
for building, rebuilding, or repairing any Gaol or House of Correction,
by rates or duties to be levied on the subject, &c.; or for the
alteration of existing rates, &c. for either of those purposes, Notices
are to be given, as for BRIDGEs ; and if the said Gaol or House of
Correction is within the Bills of Mortality, the said Notices shall in
like manner be inserted in the London Gazette.
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDER.S.
4. The Committee to report, as for BRIDGEs.
CHURCHES, CHAPELS, or BURYING GROUNDS:—BILLS
RELATING TO.
The Standing Orders of the House, relating to Bills for regulating
County RATEs, or for building, rebuilding, or repairing any Gaol or
House of Correction, shall be extended to Bills for building, rebuilding,
or repairing any Church or Chapel, or for the purchasing or en-
larging of any Burying Ground, by rates or duties to be levied on the
subject, or for continuing or amending any Act of Parliament passed
for any or either of those purposes.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 487
PAVING, LIGHTING, AND CLEANSING, or IMPROVING
CITIES or TOWNS :—BILLS For.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
1, 2, & 3. When any application is intended to be made to the
House, for leave to bring in a Bill for Paving, Lighting, Cleansing
or Improving, any city, town or place; or for empowering any person
or persons to light any city, town or place, with gas, &c.; or for the
alteration of existing rates, &c. for any such purpose, Notices must
be given, as for BRIDGE's, as regards the County Newspapers; and if
the place to be paved, lighted, cleansed or improved, is situate within
the Bills of Mortality, the said Notices shall in like manner be inserted
in The London Gazette:—such Notices must also be affixed to the
Church Doors of the respective parishes, for three Sundays in the
months of August, September, October, and November, or either of
them, as for FERRIEs and Docks.
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDERS.
4. The same as for BRIDGEs.
TOWN-HALLS or MARKET-PLACES:—BILLS Fort
ERECTING OR IMPROVING.
The Standing Orders of the House, relating to Bills for Paving,
Lighting, Cleansing or Improving any city or town, or for continuing
or amending any Act of Parliament passed for any or either of those
purposes, shall be extended to Bills for Erecting or Improving any
Town-HALL or MARKET-PLACE.
POOR. RATES, MAINTENANCE or EMPLOYMENT or THE
POOR, AND WORKHOUSES:—BILLS RELATING To.
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
1, 2, & 3. When any application is intended to be made to the
House, for leave to bring in a Bill relating to Poor Rates, or to
the Maintenance or Employment of the Poor, or to Workhouses, in
any city, town or place, or for the continuing or amending any
488 STANDING ORDERS OF
Act of Parliament passed for that purpose, or for the increase or
alteration of the existing rates, Notices must be given, as for Bills
for PAVING, LIGHTING, CLEANsiNg, AND IMPRoving CITIES AND
Towns.
COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDER.S.
4. The Committee to report, the same as for BRIDGEs.
GENERAL LAW OF SETTLEMENT OF THE POOR NOT TO BE DEPARTED
FROM.
5. No Bill shall be presented to the House, relating to Poor
Rates, or to the Maintenance or Employment of the Poor, or to
Workhouses, containing any clause or clauses whereby the general
Law of Settlement of the Poor shall be departed from, or any power
of corporal punishment given to any persons employed in the manage-
ment of the Poor.
6. Nor shall such clause or clauses be inserted by the Committee
to whom such Bill may be committed.
7. The Chairman of the Committee, upon the report of every
such Bill, shall acquaint the House, whether the said Order has
been complied with.
SMALL DEBTS:—BILLS For the MoRE EAsy Recovery of.
LIMITATION OF IMPRISONMENT.
1. In all Bills for constituting Courts for the Recovery of Small
Debts, provision shall be made, that no person be committed to
prison by such Courts, for more than 20 days, where the debt does
not exceed 20 shillings; nor for more than 40 days, where the debt
does not exceed 40 shillings; nor for more than 60 days, where the
debt does not exceed 60 shillings; nor for more than 80 days,
where the debt does not exceed 80 shillings; nor for more than
100 days, where the debt does not exceed 100 shillings: And that
every person so committed shall be discharged at the expiration of
the said 20, 40, 60, 80, or 100 days respectively, without paying
any fees to any gaoler or turnkey.

THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 489.
QUALIFICATION OF COMMISSIONERS.
2. In all such Bills there shall be inserted a clause, that no person
be capable of acting as a Commissioner, unless he be a householder
within the county, district, city, liberty or place for which he shall
act; and be possessed of a real estate of the annual value of 20l.,
or of a personal estate of the value of 500l.
LETTERS PATENT:—BILLS For confirm ING or proLoNGING
TIIE TERM OF-
NOTICES OF APPLICATION.
1 & 2. When any application is intended to be made to the
House, for leave to bring in a Bill for confirming or prolonging the
term of Letters Patent granted by His Majesty to any person or
persons on account of any invention, Notices must be inserted three
times in The London Gazette (and also three times in some one and
the same Newspaper printed at Edinburgh, where the Letters Patent
extend to Scotland; and also three times in the Dublin Gazette,
where they extend to Ireland) in the months of August, September,
October, and November, or either of them, immediately preceding
the Session of Parliament in which such application is intended to
be made : and each such notice must have prefixed to it, in capital
letters, the name by which the invention is usually distinguished,
and contain a distinct description of the invention for which such
letters have been obtained, and also an account of the term of their
duration.


COMPLIANCE WITH STANDING ORDER. S.
3. The same as for BRIDGEs.
COPY OF LETTERS TO BE ANNEXED TO THE BILL,
4. When any Bill is brought into the House, for confirming of
Letters Patent, there must be a true copy of such Letters annexed to
the Bill.
3 R
490 STANDING ORDERS OF
DIVORCE:-BILLS of.
Before any Bill of Divorce for Adultery do pass this House,
evidence must be given before the Committee, that an action for
damages has been brought in one of His Majesty's Courts of Record
at Westminster, or in Dublin, against the persons supposed to be
guilty of Adultery, and judgment for the plaintiff had thereupon; or
sufficient cause must be shown to the said Committee, why such
action was not brought, or such judgment not obtained.

RELIGION:—BILLS RESPECTING.
No Bill relating to Religion, or the alteration of laws concerning
Religion, shall be brought into this House, until the proposition shall
have been first considered and agreed to in a Committee of the whole
House.
TRADE :—BILLS RESPECTING.
No Bill relating to Trade, or the alteration of laws concerning
Trade, shall be brought into the House, until the proposition shall
have been first considered and agreed to in a Committee of the whole
House.
PUBLIC MONEY:-APPLICATIONS For.
1. This House will receive no petition for any sum of money,
relating to public service, but what is recommended from the crown.
2. This House will not proceed upon any petition, motion or Bill,
for granting any money, or for releasing or compounding any sum of
money owing to the crown, but in a Committee of the whole House.
3. This House will not receive any petition for compounding any
sum of money owing to the crown, upon any branch of the revenue,
without a certificate from the proper officer or officers annexed to
the said petition, stating the debt, what prosecutions have been
made for the recovery of such debt, and setting forth how much
the petitioner and his security are able to satisfy thereof.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 491
TEMPORARY LAWS.
The precise duration of every Temporary Law shall be expressed
in the title of the Bill, and also in a distinct clause at the end of the
Bill, and no where else.
PROMUL.GATION OF STATUTES.
An address was agreed to, by both Houses, on June 3d, 1801,
containing the following Resolutions: entreating His Majesty to
give directions for the more speedy and general promulgation of the
statutes of the realm:-And on the 9th of the same month, answer
was reported that His Majesty would give directions according to
the said resolutions:—
Res. 1. It is expedient, for the more speedy and general pro-
mulgation of the Laws of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland, that His Majesty's printer should be authorized and directed
to print not less than 5,500 copies of every Public General Statute,
and 300 copies of every Public Local and Personal Statute.
2 and 3. That the said printer be authorized and directed to
deliver, or transmit (by the post or otherwise), as soon as possible
after each Bill has received the Royal Assent, the aforesaid numbers
of copies of each statute. -
4. That every chief magistrate and head officer of any city,
borough, or town corporate in England and Ireland, and of every
royal burgh in Scotland, and every sheriff, clerk of the peace, and
town clerk, in the united kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland,
receiving any such copies, shall preserve them for public use, and
transmit them to his successor in office.
5. For the more effectual promulgation of Private Statutes (if the
parties interested therein shall think proper) and also for making
compensation to the clerk of the parliaments and officers of the
House of Lords (in lieu of their annual average emoluments arising
from the office copies of such statutes) without bringing any new
charge upon the public, the parties interested in every such statute
492 STANDING ORDERS, &c.
shall make good such expense and compensation; and that thereupon
such printed copies of every such statute shall be made judicially
admissible in evidence, by adding thereto a clause declaring the
same to be a Public Act.
6. His Majesty's printer shall also be directed to class the general
statutes, and the public local and personal statutes, of each session,
in separate volumes, and to number the chapters of each class
separately; also, to print one general title to each volume, together
with a general table of all the acts passed in that session.

F E E S
TO BE PAID TO THE
OFFICERS AND SERVANTS
OF THE
HOUSE OF COMMONS
ON
PRIVATE B I L L S AND OTHER MATTER. S.
FEES ON PRIVATE BILLS GENERALLY.
For every PRIvate BILL.
42 s.
To Mr. Speaker - . 5 0
To the Speaker's Secretary - - . 0 10
To the Z For the several readings . . 3 13 4
Chief W. For breviating, amendments, in-
Clerk terlocutory orders, and º: 1 5 0
of the proceedings
House, \, For the order of commitment 0 6 8
5 5
To the Clerk Assistant | 0
To the Chief Clerk, without doors, who receives the
fees and pays them to the officers of the House:—
for so doing - - . 0 10
To the Serjeant and the officers under him . 1 5
To the housekeeper - - - . 0 5
To the two doorkeepers - . 0 5
For every PRIvate ENACTING CLAusE, the same fees are
to be paid to the above persons, as for a Bill.
0
:
494 FEES TO BE PAID
If the Bill concerns a county or counties, or corporation or
corporations; or in the case of such like Bills, when
called Double BILLs, double the above fees are to be
paid.
For attending CoMMITTEEs of the whole House, or grand
Committees, in PRIvate CoNCERNs:—
To the Chief Clerk
To the Clerk Assistant
For preparing and transcribing the REpoRT of such Com-
mittees:—
To the Chief Clerk
For every ORDER of such Committees:–
To the Clerk Assistant
For every HEARING AT THE BAR, from each side:—
To the Chief Clerk
To the Clerk Assistant
To the housekeeper
To the two doorkeepers
For READING at the table, and entering in the Journal, a
REPoRT in private matters:—
To the Chief Clerk
J if long
Uif short
For reading every PETITIon in private matters:–
To the Clerk Assistant
For DELIVERING PAPERs at the door:—
To the two doorkeepers
For serving any SuMMoNs of the House, in private
matters:–
To the four messengers
For serving the ORDERs of Committees in private
matters:—
To the four messengers
For every PRIvate CoMMITTEE:-
To the housekeeper
For KEEPING THE Door, at a private Committee:-
To the four messengers
-
4.
0
:
|
I3
10
:

º
ON PRIVATE BILLS, &c. 495
FEES TO BE PAID INTO THE COMMITTEE-CLERK'S
OFFICE.
ON A PETITION FOR A PRIVATE BILL. £ s. d.
For taking charge of a petition for a private Bill,
when referred to a Committee, and adjourning the
Committee to the time when it is to sit for despatch
of business - - - - . 0 6 8
For attending the sitting of the Committee each day 1 0 0
For drawing and transcribing Report - . 1 0 0
For attending to adjourn a Committee when no business
is done - . 0 6 8
For drawing short minute of proceedings of the Com-
mittee, name of chairman, and delivering the same
to the Private Bill Office . - - . 0 6 8
In all cases in which more than one Dou BLE FEE is
charged upon a Bill by the clerk of the fees, the
following fees are to be added for each additional
fee :-
For every sitting . - - - . 0 6 8
For every Report - . 0 6 8
For every adjournment when no business is done 0 3 4
Note—The above-mentioned fees are to be paid by the petitioner
or his agent.
ON A PRIVATE BILL.
For taking charge of Bill, when committed, and ad-
journing the Committee to the time when it is to

sit for despatch of business - - . 1 0 ()
For attending sitting of the Committee, each day . 2 0 0
For attending to adjourn a Committee when no business
is done - - 0 6 - 8
For drawing and transcribing Report in respect of
Standing Orders, in any case in which a Committee
on a Bill is directed to report thereupon - . 1 0 0
For drawing and transcribing Report on the Bill, and
arranging documents to be sent into the House . 2 0 0
For a fair copy of the amendments to the House Bill,
per sheet of 72 words - - - . 0 1 0
496 FEES TO BE PAID
36 s. d.
For a printed Bill, corrected from the Committee Bill,
to accompany the Report - - . I 1 ()
For drawing short minute of each day's proceedings
before the Committee, together with the name of
the chairman, and delivering the same to the
Private Bill Office - - - . 0 6 8
In all cases in which more than one Double, FEE is
charged by the clerk of the fees, the following fees
are to be added for each additional fee:–
For every sitting - - - . 0 13 4
For every Report - - - - 0 6 8
For every adjournment when no business is done 0 3 4
Note.—The above fees are to be paid by the petitioner for the Bill
or his agent.
ON A PETITION AGAINST A PRIVATE BILL.
For taking charge of the petition when referred to a
Committee on a Bill - - . 0 6 8
For reading order of reference, and petition . . 0 6 8
For each day upon which a petitioner is heard, or a
petition signed by only one person is considered by
the Committee - - ... " , 0 13 4
If such petition is signed by two or more petitioners l 6 8
For drawing and transcribing the Report - , 0 6 8
Note:-The above fees to be paid by the petitioner or his agent.
ON A PETITION, THAT ANY ORDER OF THE HOUSE MAY
BE DISPENSED WITH, OR COMPLAINING OF THE DE-
CISION OF ANY COMMITTEE IN RESPECT OF THE
STANDING ORDERS; OR UPON ANY REPORT FROM A
CoMMITTEE, REFERRED TO THE STANDING OF DER
comMITTEE, or To ANY OTHER comMITTEE.
For taking charge of such petition or Report . . 0 6 8
For attending a sitting of a Committee on any such
petition or Report - - . 2 ()
For drawing and transcribing the Report 1 0
For attending to adjourn a Committee when no business
is done - - - - . () 13 4
0
0

ON PRIVATE BILLS, &c. 497
For drawing short minute of the proceedings of the £ s. d.
Committee, and delivering the same to the Private
Bill Office - - - - . 0 6 8
Note.—The above fees are to be paid by the party at whose in-
stance the reference shall be made.
on ANY PETITION For A GRANT of MoMEY, or Fort
ANY OTHER MATTER OF A PRIVATE NATURE RE-
FER RED TO A PRIVATE COMMITTEE.
For taking charge of a petition . 0 6 8
For attending a sitting of the Committee . 2 0 0
For attending to adjourn a Committee when no
business is done - - - . 0 13 4
For drawing and transcribing the report - . 1 0 0
Note—The above fees to be paid by each party appearing before
the Committee.
GENERAL FEES.
For a general inspection of any lists, papers, minutes
of evidence, or other documents - -
For every copy of a printed Bill, corrected from the
Committee Bill - -
For every summons of a witness - -
For every witness examined or cross-examined
For every exhibit
:
:
:
N. B. The name of each person in a list of consents,
dissents, and neuters, to be reckoned as a se-
parate eachibit.
For every counsel attending in support of the interest
of any party, for each day - - - 0 10 0
For every copy of the names of the Members of a
Committee - - - - - 0 6 8
For every copy of an order of reference - - 0 6 8
For copies of all papers and documents, per sheet of
72 words
But if for Members - -
For copies of plans made by the parties
For the inspection of a plan . - -
:
:
498 FEES TO BE PAID 4.
S.
d.
For taking the consent (of a party beneficially in-
terested) to the passing of a Bill . - . 0 5
0
FEES TO BE PAID INTO THE PRIVATE BILL OFFICE.
For entering a Private Bill, together with the names and
address of the Parliamentary Agent and Solicitor, and
the name of the Committee Clerk - . 0 10
For receiving and taking charge of books, plans, estimates,
and other documents; and indorsing petition, with a
certificate that the same hath been deposited - . 0 6
For entering proceedings of the House on the presentation
of a petition for a Private Bill, or upon a motion for a
Private Bill, or upon a message from the Lords with a
Private Bill . - - - - . 0 6
For receiving and entering notice of the day and hour on
which it may be proposed that the Committee on the
petition should sit; for each day on which a notice may
be given - - - - - -
For entering a short minute of the proceedings of the Com-
mittee, together with the name of the chairman to be
furnished by the Committee Clerk - - . 0 6
If the Committee cannot be formed for want of Mem-
bers, or if parties are not ready to proceed, for
entering the adjournment . - - . 0 3
For entering proceedings of the House on the report of the
petition - - - - - . 0 6
For entering proceedings of the House on a report of the
Standing Order Committee - - - 0 6
For entering the proceedings of the House upon the pre-
senting of any petition praying that any Order of the
House may be dispensed with, or upon a motion for
such purpose . - - - - . 0 6
For entering the proceedings of the House upon the report
of any such petition - - - -
For entering proceedings of the House ol, presenting the
Bill, first reading, and Orders thereupon. - . 0 6
0 6
ON PRIVATE BILLS, &c.
-
For entering petition against a Bill, and Orders thereupon
For entering petition in favour of a Bill, and Orders
thereupon - -
For receiving and entering notice of second reading, for
0.
0 3
each day on which such notice may be given - . 0 3
For examining the Bill, to see whether it be prepared
according to the Orders of the House, aud whether it
corresponds with the printed Bill:—
If it does not exceed ten folios of House Bill (each
folio containing no more than 200 words)
If above 10 and does not exceed 30 folios
,, 30 - - - 50
,, 50 . - - 70
,, 70 - - - 90 ,
,, 90 . - - 1 10 ,, - -
And so in proportion for any greater number of folios.
For entering certificate, and indorsing breviate that the
Bill is properly prepared - - -
For entering proceedings in the House on the second
reading of the Bill, for each day -
For receiving and entering notice of the day and hour on
which it is proposed that the Committee should meet;
on each day on which such notice may be given
For receiving from the agent the filled-up printed Bill, with
the amendments proposed to be submitted to the Com-
mittee; and entering the receipt thereof -
For entering a short minute of the proceedings of the Com-
mittee, name of the chairman, and the day and hour to
which it may have adjourned, in case the Committee do
not go through the Bill; for each day -
If the Committee cannot be formed for want of Mem-
bers, or if the Committee is adjourned without
doing business by desire of the parties for entering
the adjournment for each day - -
For receiving and entering notice of the day on which it
may be proposed to report the Bill; on each day on
which such notice may be given - - -
For entering proceedings of the House on the report of the
Bill, each day . - -
>>
>>
:
.
0 6
. 0 6
0 3
0 6
§
.
500 FEES TO BE PAID
For entering proceedings on further consideration of re- 42 s. d.
port, each day . - - - - . 0 6 8
For examining the ingrossed Bill with the Committee Bill
If the Bill does not exceed . . . 20 presses 0 6 8
if above 20, and does not exceed 40 , . 0 1 0 0
, 40 . - - . 60 ,, . 0 13 4
,, 60 . - - . 80 , , . 0 16 8
,, 80 - - . . 100 , . 1 0 0
,, 100 . . . . 120 , . I 3 4
,, 120 . - - . 140 ,, . 1 6 8
,, 140 . - - . 160 ,, . I 10 0
,, 160 - - . . 180 , , . I 13 4
,, 180 . - - . 200 ,, - . 1 16 8
,, 200 - - . . 220 ,, . . 2 () 0
And so on, in proportion for any greater number of
presses.
For entering certificate on back of the Bill, that it is
properly ingrossed - - - - . 0 6 8
For receiving and entering notice of the third reading, for
each day on which such notice may be given - . 0 3 4
For entering proceedings of the House on the third reading,
each day - - - - - . 0 6 8
For entering proceedings of the House upon any new clause
added, or proposed to be added on the report, further
consideration of report, or third reading - - . 0 3 4
For entering the agreement of the House of Lords, with
or without amendments - - , 0 6 8
For entering proceedings of the House, upon consideration
of the amendments of the Lords . 0 6 8
For entering royal assent - - - . 0 6 8
For each Bill, or breviate, or ingrossment, certified to be
irregular, and admitted so to be by the party, or de-
clared so to be by the Speaker . - - . 0 10 0
Note.—The fees above mentioned are to be paid to the principal
Clerk in the Private Bill Office by the party promoting the Bill; and
the produce of the fund shall be applied to the maintenance of three
Clerks, or more if necessary, for the business of the said office:–
to be apportioned between them, in such manner as the Clerk of the
House shall from time to time direct.

ON PRIVATE BILLS, &c. 501
FEES TO THE CLERK OF THE COMMITTEE OF
ELECTIONS.
I
For attending a hearing of the merits of the Cause .
For drawing the Report - -
For a fair copy of the Report for the Chairman
For each Exhibit
For the Examination of a Witness
For each Order of the Committee
i
.
.
FEES TO SHORT-HAND WRITERS.
In all cases where any Select Committee appointed for the
trial of a controverted election or return, or of any other
matters relating thereto, shall be attended by a person
skilled in the art of writing short-hand, he shall be paid
for his attendance each day . - - . 2 2 0
For the transcript of the proceedings for the use of the said
Committee, per sheet (containing seventy-two words) - 0 1 0
Note—The said expenses to be paid by the parties, to the Clerk
appointed to attend the Select Committees on elections, who is to
pay the same to the persons employed.—Die Lunae, 4 Aprilis,
1803.
When the short-hand writer, or his sufficient deputy, attends
when called upon, to take minutes of evidence at the bar
of the House, or in Committee of the same, he is to be
paid per day, and per sheet (if the transcript be required),
as in the case of Election Committees.
Note—When the Chairman of a Committee, to whom a petition
or private Bill shall be referred, shall require such attendance, the
expense must be defrayed by the parties promoting and opposing the
same, in such proportions as the Chairman shall direct.—Die Martis,
18 Maii, 1813.
502 FEES TO BE PAID
FEES ON TAXATION OF COSTS ON PRIVATE BILLS.
To each of the Examiners, for his pains and trouble respecting the
taxation of any Bill of costs and expenses upon which an order of
reference shall have been made by Mr. Speaker.
£ s. d.
For the first day of attendance . 3 3 0
For every subsequent attendance . - . 2 2 0
To the Speaker's Secretary, for his pains and trouble re-
specting the taxation of every such Bill . I 6 8
To the Clerk who shall be appointed to attend the said
Examiners, for his pains and trouble, on every attendance 2 2 0
Die Lunae, 16 Februarii, 1829.-Under the authority of the 6th of
Geo. IV., entitled, “An Act to establish a taxation of costs on
private Bills in the House of Commons.”
FEES ON ELECTION PETITION RECOGNIZANCES AND
|BILLS OF COSTS.
To each of the said Examiners, for his pains and trouble respecting
the examination of the sufficiency of the surety or sureties in any
recognizance, or respecting the taxation of any bill of costs, ex-
penses, or fees, upon which an order of reference shall have been
made by Mr. Speaker.
For the first day of attendance - 3 3 0
For every subsequent attendance . 2 2 0
To the Speaker's Secretary, for every such recognizance,
and all matters relating thereto - - . 1 - 0 0
To the Speaker's Secretary, respecting the taxation of
every such Bill - - - - . I 6 8
To the Clerk appointed to attend the Examiners;—on every
attendance - - - - . 2 2 0
Note.—If orders of reference are made upon two or more bills
of costs, fees or expenses, arising on the same petition, each day of
meeting shall be considered as one attendance.
Die Lunae 16 Februarii, 1829.-Under the authority of the 9th of
Geo. IV., entitled, “An Act to consolidate and amend the laws
relating to the Trial of Controverted Elections.”
ON PRIVATE BILLS, &c.
503
FEES TO BE PAID FOR WARIOUS OTHER MATTERS.
to MR. speAKER's secretaRY.
For every war RANT signed by Mr. Speaker, for a new £. s.
writ, commitment, discharge, or witness to attend 0 10
TO THE CHIEF CLERK-
For every order upon motion or petition, or com-
mittee appointed in private or public matters, or
copies of them, taken out by any person . . 0 6
For every order for the commitment or discharge
of any person - - - . 0 6
For copies of all petitions, reports, or other matters
out of the journals, if under ten sheets . 0 6
If above ten sheets, per sheet . 0 1
For every search in the journals . 0 6
For copies of Bills, per sheet . 0 1
But if for Members - . 0 0
For ingrossing Bills, per press . - . 0 12
For swearing each Member without and within doors
(upon the Clerk of the Crown's Return, upon any
vacancy) after the Sessions begun, and filing the
certificate, and entering it in the return book I
For the test, by Act of Parliament, at the table . 0 1
For swearing every person at the table, in order to
be naturalized . - - - . 0 13
TO THE SERJEANT AT ARMS.
For taking a knight into custody . - . 5 0
For taking a gentleman into custody - . 3 6
For every day in custody . - - . 1 0
From every knight of the shire when sworn into the
House (upon the Clerk of the Crown's Return,
upon any vacancy) after the Sessions begun . 0 10
From every burgess upon such vacancy - -
From every person sworn at the table, in order to be
naturalized - - - - , () 12
0
5
0
0:8
0
504 FEES TO BE PAID, &c.
42
s
d
For every counsel pleading at the bar, or before any
Committee - , 0 10 0
For bringing a criminal to the bar . 0 6 8
For riding charges—each mile , 0 0 6
TO THE TWO DOORKEEPERS.
Upon the discharge of every prisoner, to each , 0 2 6
From every Member sworn (upon the Clerk of the
Crown's Return, upon any vacancy) after the
Sessions begun . - - - . 0 5 0
TO THE FOUR MESSENGERS.
For attending a prisoner, per day . - , 0 6 8
TO THE HOUSEREEPER-
For every prisoner discharged by the House . . () 5 0
STANDING ORDERS RESPECTING FEES.
All Fees to be demanded or taken by any officer or servant of this
House shall be fixed according to the rate of the list of fees entered in
the journals in the year 1700; and tables of the same, being first
perused by Mr. Speaker, shall be printed, and hung up in the Speaker's
chambers, in the lobby, and in the clerk's office; and the clerk must
take care to renew such printed tables, from time to time, as occasion
shall require, and to preserve them always fair and legible.
If any officer or servant of this House shall presume to demand or
take any greater fee, than what shall be contained in the said printed
tables, this House will proceed against such officer or servant with the
utmost severity.—Die Martis, 22 Februarii, 1731.

ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT
OF ALL
COUNTIES, CITIES, UNIVERSITIES,
BOROUGHS, AND CINQUE PORTS,
R. E PRESENTED IN THE SE COND PAR LIA MENT OF
WILLIAM IV. ;
WHICH WAS SUMMONED TO MEET ON THE 14th DAY OF JUNE,
AND
COMMENCED BUSINESS ON THE 21st OF THE SAME MONTH, 1831.
The RT. HoN. CHARLEs-MANNER's Sutton, M.P. for Scarborough,
was again elected to the Chair, as SPEAKER of the House.
tº [The reader will please to observe that the present volume having been on the
eve of publication, at the time of the sudden Dissolution of the late Parliament, the
present and other additions were rendered necessary:—with the view, therefore, of
rendering the work as complete as possible, the present account has been added:
but, as it would have been superfluous to re-state particulars, either of Members or
Places represented, references have been made to the Pages, &c. of the former ac-
count, in all cases except those of New Representatives;—concerning whom, of
course, all information that could be obtained is here given.]

ABER ALDB
ABERDEENSHIRE, Scotland. WILLIAMI-TYRw HITT DRAKE, Esq.
THE Hon. WILLIAM Go RDON. (See page 291.)
(See page 289.)
- - - ALDBOROUGH, Yorkshire.
ABERDEEN, &c. a District of Scot-
tish Boroughs. CLINTon-JAMEs-FYNEs CLINTon,
HoRATIo Ross, Esq. Esq. (See page 291.)
A Land Owner.
MIC -T S SOI.
Co. Se, Rossie, Aberdeenshire. Ich AEL-THow As SADLER, Esq.
(See page 364.—NEwARK.)
ABINGDON, Borough of Berks.
John MABERLY, Esq. (See page 290.) | ALDEBURGH, Suffolk.
AGMONDESHAM, or AMER- *.*.*.*.*.*.
SHAM, Borough of, Bucks. (See page 291.)
THoMAs - TYRw HITT DRAKE, Esq. THE RT. Hon. John - WILson
(See page 291.) CRoKER. (See page 292.)
- 3 T

ANDO
ATHL
( 506 )
ANDOVER, Hampshire. -
HENRY - ARTHUR - WALLoP FEL-
Low Es, Esq.
To, Re, 41, Bryanstone-square.
Co. Se. Eggesford, near Chumleigh,
Devonshire.
Rel. Son of the Hon. Newton Fellowes
(heir-pres, and brother to the Earl
of Portsmouth.)
RALPH ETTwALL, junr. Esq.
ANGLESEYSHIRE, N. Wales.
THE EARL of UxBBIDGE.
(See p. 292.)
ANTRIMSHIRE, Ireland.
THE Hon. John-RICHARD-BRUcE
O'NEIL. (See p. 292.)
THE R.T. Hon. THE EARL of
BELFAST. (See p. 292.)
APPLEBY, Westmoreland.
THE Hon. H. Tufton. (See p. 293.)
Viscount MAITLAND. (See p. 293.)
ARGYLESHIRE, Scotland.
WALTER-FREDER1ck CAMPBELL,
Esq. (See p. 293.)
ARMAGHSHIRE, Ireland.
Wiscount AcHEson. (See p. 293.)
To. Res. 31, Grosvenor-street.
CHARLEs BRowNLow, Esq.
(See p. 293.)
ARMAGH, Borough of, Armagh-
shire, Ireland.
Viscount INGESTRIE.
(See p. 337.-HERTFon D.)
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess of
Lothian, (Baron Ker, U.K.
ARUNDEL, Sussex.
John ATKINs, Esq. (See p. 294.)
Lond DUDLEY-Coutts STUART.
(See p. 294.)
ASHBURTON, Devonshire.
WILLIAM-STEPHEN Poyntz, Esq.
(See p. 294.)
Rob ERT Tom RENs, Esq.
Qffi. Lieut.-Col. in the R. Marines.
Co. Sc. Stonehouse, Co. Devon.

ATHLONE, Westmeathshire, Ird.
Richard HAND.cock, Esq.
(See p. 294.)
AYLESBURY, Bucks.
THE Rt. HoN. BARoN NUGENT,
I. P. (See p. 294.)
WILLIAM Rickford, Esq.
(See p. 294.)
AYRSHIRE, Scotland.
WILLIAM BLAIR, Esq. (See p. 295.)
AYR, &c., a Dis. of S. Boroughs.
THoMAs-FRANCIs KENNEDY, Esq.
(See p. 295.)
BANBURY, Oxfordshire.
John EASTHoPE, Esq.
BANDON-BRIDGE, Corkshire, Ird.
SIR AUGUSTU's-WILLIAM CLIF Ford,
(in the room of Viscount BERNARD
(seep. 295) who accepted the Steward-
ship of the Chiltern Hundreds.)
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 86, Eaton-square.
Co. Se. Devonshire Cottage, Richmond.
BANFFSHIRE, Scotland.
John MoRRIson, Esq. (See p. 295.)
BARNSTAPLE, Devonshire.
FREDER Ick Hodgson, Esq.

Joh N-PALMER BRUCE CH1ch Ester,
Esq.
BASSETLAW, Hundred of, Notts.
Viscount NEwARK. (See p. 297.)
GRAN ville - HARcount VERNoN,
Esq.
BATH, Somersetshire.
THE RT. Hon. Lord JoHN THYNNE.
(See p. 297.)
-
CHARLEs PALMER, Esq. (See p. 297.)

BEAU
BELF
( 507 )
BEAUMARIS, Angleseyshire, N.
Wales.
SIR. Rich. BULKELEY - WILLIAMs
BULKELEY, Bart. (See p. 297.)
BED FORDSHIRE.
THE MARquis of TAvistock.
(See p. 298.)
SIR PETER PAYNE, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Tempsford, Bedfordshire.
BEDFORD, Beds.
WILLIAM-HENRY WHITBREAD, Esq.
(See p. 298.)
FREDER1ck Polhi L.L., Esq.
(See p. 298.)
Occ. Lessee of the Theatre Royal in
Drury-lane.
BEDWIN, Wilts.
THE RT. Hon. SIR John Nicholl,
Kt. (See p. 298.)
John-JAcob Buxton, Esq.
(See p. 298.)
BEERALSTON, Devonshire.
David Lyon, Esq. (See p. 298.)
LoRD Low AIN.E.
N. & S. Algernon-George Percy.
To. Res. 8, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Lovaine, Yorkshire.
Rel. Son to the Earl of Beverley.
“The farce of election at this place sur-
passes in grossness the exhibitions in
most other close boroughs, even Gat-
ton and Old Sarum not excepted. The
election on the present occasion took
place on Monday. The following was
the motley array of voters—John Jones,
Esq. Lincoln’s-inn, London; William
Foote, solicitor, Devonport; the Rev.
Corydon Luxmoore, Bridestow ; Cap-
tain Lowe, R.N., Plymouth; Samuel
Kerswell, surgeon, Devonport; Jo-
seph Dawe, yeoman, Tavistock; R.
W. Reed; J. Hodder, and George
Luscombe, yeomen, Buckland. These
voters all agreed in stating, that they
had paid 3d. per annum, or more, an-
cient burgage-rent, to the steward of
the lord of the borough ; and that they
had been admitted as ancient burgage-
tenants at the court of the said bo-
rough. They declined stating the
name of the steward to whom they
paid their rent, or when they paid it,
or to produce any receipts or title-deeds.
They all, except one, declined stating
where their property was situated; that
one was Mr. Foote, who described his
as being in PARADISE '.'
“Beeralston, including Beerfertis parish,
is stated in the Returns to contain 2190
inhabitants; but it is said that the
population has greatly decreased since
1821. One of its late modest and re-
spectable members stated the borough
to contain above 2000 inhabitants!”
—Spectator newspaper. (See p. 298.)
BELFAST, Antrimshire, Ireland.
SIR ARTHUR CHICHESTER, Bart.
(See p. 298.)
BERKSHIRE.
CHARLEs DUNDAs, Esq. (See p. 299.)
RoRT.-GEo. THRockMoRton, Esq.
Co. Se. Buckland-house, Berks.
Rel. Nephew and heir to Sir John
Throckmorton, Bart.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.


BERWICKSHIRE, Scotland.
THE Hon. ANTHoNY MAITLAND.
(See p. 299.)
BERWICK-UPON-TWEED, Ber-
wickshire.
MARcus BEREsford, Esq.
(See p. 299.)
To. Res. 71, Wimpole-street.
SIR FRANCIs BLAKE, Bt. (See p. 299.)
BEVERLEY, Yorkshire.
HENRY BURT on, Esq. (See p. 299.)
WILLIAM MARSHALL, Esq.
(See p. 347.—LEoMIN's TER.)
BEWDLY, Worcestershire.
WILson-AYLEs BURY Rob ERTs, Esq.
(See p. 299.)
BISHOP'S CASTLE, Shropshire.
Edward Rogers, Esq. (See p. 300.)

BLET
BOST
( 508 )
JAMEs-LEwis KNIGHT, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister and King's Counsel.
To, Res. 1, New-squ- Lincoln’s-inn.
Co. Se. Highwood Hill, Hendon,
Middlesex.
BLETCHINGLY, Surrey.
THE Rt. Hon. WIsco UNT PALMER-
ston, I. P.
(in the room of CHARLEs TENNY-
son, Esq., who made his election for
STAMFord ; for which he was re-
turned, as well as for the present
Borough.)
(Seep. 307.-CAMBRIDGE UNIVER-
sITY.)
THoMAS HYDE WILLIERs, Esq.
(in the room of THE Hon. John-
GEORGE BRABAzoN-Ponson BY
of Cavendish-square:–(son of the
Earl of Besborough: bro. to Vis-
count Duncannon, M.P. for Kil-
kennyshire, to the Hon. G. Pon-
sonby, M.P. for Youghall, and to
the Hon. W. F. S. Ponsonby, M.P.
for Poole) who accepted the Steward-
ship of the Chiltern Hundreds.)
(See p. 426.-Woot to N BAssE.T.)
To, Res. 6, Cleveland-ct, St. James's.
BODMYN, Cornwall.
DAVIES G11, BERT, Esq. (See p. 300.)
HoRACE - BEAUCHAMP SEYMoUR,
Esq. (See p. 300.)
Rel. Bro, to G. F. Seymour, Esq. Ser-
geant-at-Arms in the House of Peers:
cous. to Henry Seymour, Esq., Ser-
geant-at-Arms in the House of Com-
mons: uncle to Lord George Sey-
mour, Chairman of the Board of
Excise.
BOROUGHBRIDGE, Yorkshire,
SIR CHARLEs WETHERELL, Knt.
(See p. 300.)
MATTHIAs ATTwooD, Esq.
(See p. 300.)
Co. Se. Muswell Hill, Middlesex.
BOSSINEY, &c., Cornwall.
THE HON. John – STUART Wort-
LEY. (See p. 301.)
EDwARD - Rose TUNNo, Esq.
(See p. 301.)
BOSTON, Lincolnshire.
John WIlks, Esq. (See p. 301.)
GILBERT-JoHN HEATHcot E, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Stocken Hall, -
BRACKLEY, Northamptonshire.
Rob ERT-HALDANE BRADSHAw, Esq.
(See p. 301.)
JAMES BRADSHAw, Esq. (See p. 302.)
BRAMBER, Sussev,
John IRVING, Esq. (See p. 302.)
WILLIAM - STRATFon D DUGDALE,
Esq. (See p. 397–SHAFTEs BURY.)
BRECKNOCKSHIRE, S. Wales.
THoMAs Wood, Esq. (See p. 302.)
BRECON, Brecknockshire, S. Wales.
CHARLEs-MoRGAN-Robinson MoR-
GAN, Esq. (See p. 302.)
BRIDGENORTH, Shropshire.
WiLLIAM-Wor, Rych E WHIT MoRE,
Esq. (See p. 303.)
JAMES Forst ER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co, Se, Coton Hall, Shropshire.
BRIDGEWATER, Somersetshire.
WILLIAM Ast ELL, Esq. (See p. 303.)
CHARLEs KEMEYs-KEMEYs TYNTE,
Esq. (See p. 303.)
BRIDPORT, Dorsetshire.
SIR. HoRACE-DAv ID Chol,w ELL ST.
PAUL, Bart. (See p. 303.)
HENRY WARBURT on, Esq.
(See p. 303.)
BRISTOL, Somersetshire.
Jo HN-Evan BAILLIE, Esq.
(See p. 304.)
EDwARD PROTHERoe, Jun., Esq.
Off. Dep. Lieut. of Gloucestershire.
To, Res. 26,Charles-st., St. James's-sq.
Co, Se, Great Gaddesden, Herts.

BUCK (
CAMB
509 )
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.
THE MARQUEss of CHANDos.
(See p. 304.)
John SMITH, Esq.
(See p. 311.-CHICHESTER.)
BUCKINGHAM, Bucks.
SIR GEorg E NUGENT, Bart.
(See p. 305.)
SIR THos.-FRAN cis FREEMANTLE,
Bart. (See p. 305.)
BURY ST. EDMUNDS, Suffolk,
EARL JERMYN. (See p. 305.)
CHARLEs-August Us FrtzRoy, Esq.
Offi. A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 13, Stratton-st., Piccadilly.
Rel. Nephew to the Duke of Grafton.
BUTE AND CAITHNESS-SHIRES,
Scotland.
GEORGE SINCLAIR, Jun., Esq.
Co. Se. Ulbster, Caithness-shire.
CALLINGTON, Cornwall.
HENRY-BINGHAM BARING, Esq.
To. Res. 13, Eaton-place, Belgrave-sq.
THE Hon. Edwar D-CHARLEs HUGH
HERBERT. -
Co. Se. Highclere, Co. Hants.
Rel. Second son to the Earl of Car-
narvon: bro. to Lord Porchester,
M.P. for Wootton Basset.
CALNE, Wiltshire.
THo.-B. MAcAULAY, Esq. (See p. 306.)
CHARLEs-R1cBARD Fox, Esq.
Offi. A Lieut.-Colonel in the Army.
To, Res. Addison Road, Kensington.
Rel. Eld. son of Lord Holland: son-
in-law to His Majesty. -
CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
Lon D. FRANCIs - GoDolph IN. Os-
Borº N.E. (See p. 306.)
HENRY-J. ADEANE, Esq. (See p. 306.)
CAMBRIDGE, Borough, C.Shire.
THE R.T. Hon. T HE MARquEss or
GRAHAM. (See p. 306.)
Lord Tui. LAMoR.E.
FREDER1ck WILLIAM TRENch, Esq.
(See p. 307.)
CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY,
Cambridgeshire.
THE RT. HoN. HENRY Goulburn,
A. M. (See p. 294.—ARMAGH.)
WILLIAM YATEs PEEL, Esq., A. M.
(See p. 428.-YARMouTH, I. of W.)
Rel. Bro. to Jonathan Peel, Esq., M.P.
for Huntingdon, and to Edmund
Peel, Esq., M.P. for Newcastle-
under-Lyme.
CAMELFORD, Cornwall.
MARK MILBANK, Esq. (See p. 307.)
To. Res. 38, Grosvenor-place.
SHELDoN CRADock, Esq. (See p. 307.)
CANTERBURY, Kent.
THE HON. RICHARD WATson.
(See p. 307.)
Viscount For Dwich. (See p. 307.)
CARDIFF, &c., a Dis. of W. Bor.
LoRD PATRIck - JAMEs - HERBERT
CRIchton-STUART. (See p. 308.)
CARDIGANSHIRE, S. Wales.
WILLIAM-EDwARD Powell, Esq.
(See p. 308.)
CARDIGAN, &c., a Dis, of W. Bor.
PRys E PRyse, Esq. (See p. 308.)
CARLISLE, Cumberland.
PHILIP-HENRY HowARD, Esq.
(See p. 308.)
WILLIAM JAMEs, Esq.
To, Res. 4, Berkeley-street, Piccadilly.
CARLOWSHIRE, Ireland.
WALTER BLAckn EY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co, Se, Ballyellen Lodge, Carlowshire.
SIR. John MILLEY Doy L.E., k, c, B.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Knockbrack, same County.
CARLOW, Carlowshire, Ireland.
(See p. 309.)

CARM
CHES
( 510 )
CARMARTHENSHIRE, S. Wales.
SIR. JAMEs H. WILLIAMs, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Llwyny-Wormwood, Carmar-
thenshire.
CARMARTHEN,C.shire, S. Wales.
(VACANT—the Sheriffs having made a
return to the Crown Office that in con-
sequence of riots, they were unable to |
proceed with the election; and there-
fore, that neither of the candidates (viz.
Joh N Jones, Esq. and CAPTAIN
John GEoRGE PHILLIPs) were duly
elected.) -
CARNARVONSHIRE, N. Wales.
C.-W.-G. WYNNE, Esq. (See p. 309.)
CARNARVON, &c.,
shire, North Wales.
THE HoN. SIR CHARLEs PAGET,
K.C.B.
Offi. Rear-Admiral of the White.
Rel. Bro. to the M. of Anglesey, &c.
Carnarvon-
CARRICKFERGUS, Antrimshire,
Ireland.
(VACANT—by the decease of Lond
GEorg E-AUGUSTA HILL.)
(See p. 310.)
CASHELL, Tipperaryshire, Ireland.
PHILIP Pusey, Esq.
(in the room of MAT THEw PENNE-
FATHER, Esq. (See p. 310), who
accepted the Stewardship of East-
Hendred, Berkshire.)
(See p. 312–CHIPPENHAM.)
CASTLE-RISING, Norfolk.
LoRD HENRY-HUGH CHOLMONDE-
LEY. (See p. 310.)
THE Hon. Fulke GREVILLE How-
ARD. (See p. 310.)
CAVANSHIRE, Ireland.
HENRY MAxwell, Esq. (See p. 310.)
John You Ng, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Baileborro Castle, Cavanshire.
CHESHIRE.
Viscount BELGRAve. (See p. 310.)
GEORGE WILBRAHAM, Esq.
(See p. 403. –StockBRIDGE.)
CHESTER, Cheshire.
THE Hon. Robert Gaosvenoa.
(See p. 311.)
Rel. Son-in-law of Baron Cowley.
Co. Sº. Eaton Hall, Cheshire.
Fost ER. CUNLIFFE-OFFLEY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 18, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Madeley, near Newcastle,
Co. Stafford.
CHICHESTER, Sussex.
LoRD ARTHUR LENNox.
Rel. Brother to the Duke of Richmond.
John ABEL SMITH.
(See p. 361.-MIDHURST.)
CHIPPENHAM, Wilts.
Joseph NEELD, Esq. (See p. 311.)
HENRY-GEoR GE Bold Eno, Esq.
Co. Se.. Weymouth, Dorset.
CHRISTCHURCH, Hants.
THE RT. HoN. Sir GEong E HENRY
Rose, Kt. (See p. 312.)
George Pitt Rose, Esq. (See p. 312.)
CIRENCESTER, Gloucestershire.
LoRD APs LEY. (See p. 312.)
Jose PH CRIPPs, Esq. (See p. 312.)
CLACKMANAN and KINROSS
SHIRES, Scotland.
CHARLEs ADAM, Esq.
Offi. Rear Admiral of the White.
Co. Se. Barnes, Clackmananshire.
CLARESHIRE, Ireland.
WILLIAM-NUGENT M*NAMARA, Esq.
(See p. 312.)
MAURIcF. O'Conn ELL, Esq.
(See p. 312.) -
Co. Se. Derrynane Abbey, Kerryshire.

CLIT
) CORN
( 511
CLITHERO, Lancashire.
The Hon. R. CURzoN. (see p. 313.)
THE Hon. P.-F. CUST. (See p. 313.)
CLONMEL, Tipperaryshire, Ireland.
EYRE Coot E, Esq. (See p. 313.)
COCKERMOUTH, Cumberland.
SIR. JAMEs ScARLETT, Kt.
Late Attorney-General to the King.
To. Res.4, New-street, Spring-gardens.
Co. Se. Abinger Hall, near Dorking.
(See p. 357.-MALT on.)
John-HENRY Low THER, Esq.
(See p. 423–WIGTon, &c.)
COLCHESTER, Esser,
DANIEL-W.HARvey, Esq.(Seep.313.)
To. Res. Cannon Row, Westminster.
WILLIAM MAYHEw, Esq.
(See p. 313.)
To. Res. Fenchurch-street.
Co. Se. Coggeshall, Essex.
COLERAINE, Londonderryshire, Id.
WILLIAM TAYLoR Cope LAND, Esq.
(in the room of SIR John-WILLIAM-
HEAD BRYDGEs, Kt. (see p. 313),
who was declared by a Committee of
the House to have been unduly
elected.)
Prof. A Barrister.
To. Res. 37, Lincoln’s-inn-fields.
Co. Se. Leyton, and Lee House, Little-
bury, Essex.
CORFE-CASTLE, Dorsetshire.
GEoRGE BANKEs, Esq. (See p. 314.)
PHILIP-John MILEs, Esq.
(See p. 314.) -
CORKSHIRE, Ireland.
THE Hon. Rob ERT KING.
(See p. 314.)
Viscount Boy L.E. (See p. 314.)
CORK, C.shire, Ireland.
DANIEL CALLAGHAN, Esq.
(See p. 314.)
THE Hon. John Bo YLE. (See p. 314.)
CORNWALL, Duchy of,
EDw ARD - WILLIAM - WYNN, PEN-
DAR v1s. (See p. 314.)
SIR CHARLEs LEMon, Bart.
(See p. 376.-PENRYN.)
COVENTRY, Warwickshire.
Edward ELLICE, Esq. (See p. 315.)
Offi. Joint-Und. Sec. to the Treasury.
HENRY - LYT Ton BULwer,
(See p. 423.-WILTon.)
Esq.
CRAIL, &c., a Dist. of S. Boroughs.
ANDREw JoHNston, Jun., Esq.
Co. Se. Renny Hill,
CRICKLADE, &c., Wilts.
RoBERT Gordon, Esq. (See p. 315.)
A Land Owner. -
To. Res. 24, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Kemble House, Wilts, & Lew-
ston House, near Sherborne, Dorset.
THoMAs CALLEY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 15, Burton-crescent.
Co. Se. Salthrope House, Wilts.
CUMBERLAND, County of,
THE RT. Hon. SIR JAMEs-Robert-
GEORGE GRAHAM, Bt.
(See p. 316.)
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
WILLIAM BLAMIRE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Thackwood, Cumberland.
DARTMOUTH, Devonshire.
John BASTARD, Esq. (See p. 316.)
ARTHUR How E HoldswortTH, Esq.
(See p. 316.)
DENBIGHSHIRE, N. Wales.
SIR WATKIN - WILLIAMs WYNN,
Bart. (See p. 316.)
DENBIGH, &c. D.-shire, N. Wales.
Rob ERT - MyDDLET on BIDDULPh.
Esq. (See p. 316.)
To. Res. 24, Chapel-st., Grosvenor-sq.

DERB
DOWN
( 512-)
DERBYSHIRE,
Loſtp GEong E-Augustus - HENRY
CAven DIs H. (See p. 317.)
THE Hon. GEorg E-Joh N VERNoN.
To. Res. 25, Wilton-crescent.
Rel. Eld. son of Baron Vernon.
DERBY, D.-shire.
HENRY - FREDERIck-CoM PT on CA-
ven DIs H, Esq. (See p. 317.)
Edward STRUTT, Esq. (See p. 317.)
DEVIZES, Wilts.
John PEARSE, Esq. (See p. 317.)
GEORGE.-W. TAYLoR, Esq.
(See p. 318.)
DEVONSHIRE.
Viscount EBRINGTon. (See p. 318.)
THE R.T. Hon. Lord JoHN RUsse LL.
(See p. 406–TAv1stock; also
TAvistock in present account.)
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
DONEGALSHIRE, Ireland.
SIR. EDMUND SAMUEL HAYEs, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Drumboe Castle, Donegalshire.
EDwARD-MICHAEL Conor. Ly, Esq.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Castletown-Celbridge, Done-
galshire,
DORCHESTER, Dorsetshire.
Rober T WILLIAMs. Esq. (See p. 318.)
LoRD AshLEY. (See p. 318.)
DORSETSHIRE.
Edward-B. PortMAN, Esq.
(See p. 319.)
THE RT. Ho N. John CALCRAFT.
(See p. 412.-WAREHAM.)
DOVER, Kent.
THE R.T. HoN. CHARLEs POULETT
Thomson. (See p. 320.)
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
RoBERT - HENRY STANHoPE, Esq.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 21, Chester-street.
-
DOWNPATRICK, D.-shire, Ireland.
Edw.-S. RUTHven, Esq. (See p. 321.)
DOWNSHIRE, Ireland.
Lo RD ARTHUR-M.-W. HILL.
(See p. 321.)
VIsco UNT CAstleREAGH.
(See p. 321.)
DOWNTON, Wilts.
THE Hox, PHILIP-PLEYDELL Bou-
v ERIE,
(in the room of JAMEs BRough AM,
Esq. (see p. 321), who accepted the
Stewardship of the Chiltern Hun-
dreds.)
(See p. 313.-Cock ERMoUTH.)
Co. Se. Nether-Broughton, Leicester-
shire.
THoMAs CREEvEY, Esq.
To. Res. 18, Bury-street, St. James's.
DROGHEDA, Louthshire, Ireland.
John-H. NonTH, Esq. (See p. 322.)
DROITWICH, Worcestershire.
John - Hopg|ETTs - Hodgetts Fo-
LEY, Esq. (See p. 322.)
SIR THoMAs E. WINNINGTon, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Stanford Court, Worcester-
shire.
DUBLINSHIRE, Ireland.
LoRD BRABAzoN. (See p. 322.)
HENRY WHITE, Esq. (See p. 322.)
DUBLIN CITY, Dublinshire, Ire-
land.

(VACANT—SIR. Rob ERT HARTY,
Bart., Lord Mayor of Dublin, and
Louis PERRIN, Esq., a King’s
Counsel in Ireland, having been
ejected on account of bribery and un-
due influence, by decision of a Com-
mittee, Aug. 8th, 1831.)
DUBLIN UNIVERSITY, D.-shire,
Ireland.
THoMAS LEF Roy, Esq., LL.D.
(See p. 322.)

DUMB
DYSA
( 513 )
DUMBARTONSHIRE, Scotland.
Lord Mon TAGU - WILLIAM - GRA-
HAM. (See p. 322.)
DUMFRIES-SHIRE, Scotland.
John - JAMEs - HoPE JoHNSTONE,
Esq. (See p. 322.)
Co. Se. Annandale, Drumfries-shire.
DUMFRIES, &c, a Dist. of S. Bor,
WILLIAM-RoRERT KEITH Doug-
LAs, Esq. (See p. 323.)
DUNDALK, Louthshire, Ireland,
JAMEs EDw ARD GoRDoN, Esq.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
To. Res, St. James’s-place.
This gentleman is an active patron and
promoter of the Bible and Missionary
Societies for Ireland.
DUNGANNON, Tyroneshire, Ird.
THE Hon. John-JAMEs KNox.
(See p. 323.)
DUNGARVON, Waterfordshire, Ird.
THE Hon. GEORGE LAMB.
(See p. 323.)
DUNWICH, Suffolk,
FREDERICK BARNE, Esq. (See p. 323.)
THE EARL of BRECKNock,
M. & S. Charles Pratt.
To. Res. 22, Arlington-street.
Rel. Eld. son of the Marquess Camden.
DURHAM, County.
WILLIAM RUss ELL, Esq. (See p. 324.)
SIR HEDwor. T H WILLIAMSON, Bt.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. Mivart's Hotel, 44, Brook-st.
Co. Se. Whitburn, Co. Durham.
DURHAM, City. Co. D.
WILLIAM-RICHARD-CARTER CHAY-
ToR, Esq. (See p. 324.)
THE HON. ARTHUR TREVOR.
Co. Se. Whittlebury, Northampton-
shire.
(See p. 385–RomNEY.)
DYSART, &c, a Dist. of S. Boroughs.
Robert FERGU son, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Raith, Fifeshire.
Rel, Bro. to Sir Ronald Crawford
Ferguson, M.P. for Nottingham.
EDINBURGHSHIRE, or MID-
LOTHIAN, Scotland.
SIR GEORGE CLERK, Bart. (See p. 325.)
EDINBURGH, E.-shire, Scotland.
RoPERT-ADAM DUNDAs, Esq.
(See p. 341.-IPswich.)
ELGINSHIRE, or
SHIRE, Scotland.
THE Hon. FRANCIS-WILLIAM
GRANT. (See p. 325.)
MORAY-
ELGIN, &c. a Dist. of S. Boroughs.
Sir WILLIAM-GoRDoN CUMMING, Bt.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Altyre and Gordonstown,
Morayshire.
ENNIS, Clareshire, Ireland.
THE RIGHT Hon. WILLIAM-FITz-
GERALD-VESEY FITzGERALD.
Offi. A Privy Councillor in England
and Ireland.
(See p. 353.-Los TwitHIEL.)
ENNISKILLEN, Fermanaghshire,
Ireland.
THE Hon. ARTHUR-HENRY COLE.
(See p. 326.)
ESSEX, County of,
CHARLEs CALLIs WESTERN, Esq.
(See p. 326.)
THE Hon. WILLIAM-Pol, E-TILNEY-
Long WELLESLEY.
(See p. 388.-ST. Ives.)
EVESHAM, Worcestershire.
SIR CHARLEs CockFRELL, Bart.
(See p. 326.)
THoMAs HUDson, Esq.
To. Res. 6, Park-crescent, Portland
place.
3 U.
EXET
FOWE
( 514 )
EXETER, Devonshire.
LEwis-W. Buck, Esq. (See p. 327.)
JAMEs-WENTwo RTH BULLER, Esq.
(See p. 327.)
To. Res. 19, King-street, St. James's.
Co. Se. Downes, Devonshire.
EYE, Suffolk.
SIR. E. KERR1son, Bart. (See p. 327.)
WILLIAM BURGE, Esq. (See p. 327.)
FERMANAGHSHIRE, Ireland.
MERVYN ARCHDALL, Esq. (Seep.327.)
Viscount Col. E.
N. & S. William Cole.
Co. Se. Florence Court, Fermanaghs.
Rel. Son of the Earl of Enniskillen,
R.I.P.: nephew to the Hon. Arthur
Henry Cole, M.P. for Enniskillen.
FIFESHIRE, Scotland.
JAMEs LINDs.AY, Esq.
(See p. 423.-WIGAN.)
FLINTSHIRE, North Wales.
Edward-Most YN-LLoyd Most YN,
Esq.
A Land Owner.
FLINT, &c., F.shire, North Wales.
SIR EDwARD-PRycE LLoyd, Bart.
(See p. 327.)
FORFARSHIRE, Scotland.
THE Hon. WM.-RAMSEY MAULE.
(See p. 328.)
FORFAR, &c., a Dist. of S. Bor.
THE R.T. Hon. FRANCIS JEFFIREY.
(See p. 328, also 357–MALTon.
See MALTon, in present account.)
To. Res. 37, Jermyn-street.
FORTROSE, &c., a Dist. of S. Bor.
CHAs.-LENNox-CUMMING BRUCE,
Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Roseisie and Kinnaird, –
FOWEY, Cornwall.
LoRD BRUDENELL. (See p. 328.)
John-CHEEsm ENT SEVERN, Esq.
(See p. 328.)

GALWAYSHIRE, Ireland.
SIR John BURRE, Bart. (See p. 328.)
JAMES-STAUNTon LAMBERT, Esq.
(See p. 328.)
GALWAY, Galwayshire, Ireland.
John-JAMEs BoDKIN, Esq.
GATTON, Surrey.
Viscount Poll. INGTON.
N. & S. John Saville.
To. Res. 33, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Methley Park, near Ferry-
bridge, Yorkshire.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Mex-
borough, I.P., M.P. for Pontefract.
THE Hon. John AshLEY-CoopFR.
To. Res. 24, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Richmond House, Surrey;
and St. Giles's, Cranbourne, Dorset.
Re!. Fourth some of the Earl of
Shaftesbury: bro. to Lord Ashley,
M.P. for Dorchester.
GLAMORGANSHIRE, S. Wales,
C.-R.-M. TALBoT, Esq. (See p. 329.)
GLASGOW, &c., a Dist. of S. Bor.
Joseph DIxon, Esq.
Prof. An Advocate at the Scottish Bar.
To. Res. 16, Sloane-street.
GLOUCESTERSHIRE,
SIR BERRELEY - WILLIAM GUISE,
Bart. (See p. 330.)
THE Hon. HENRY - GEo.-FRANCIS
MoRT.on.
To, Res. 36, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Tortworth Court, Gloucesters.
Rel. Eld. son of Baron Ducie.
GLOUCESTER, Gloucestershire.
EDwARD WEBB, Esq. (See p. 330.)
Offi. Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 6, Saville Row.
FREDERICK BERKLEY, Esq.
A Captain in the Army.
To, Res. 6, Spring-gardens.
Rel. Bro, to Earl Berkeley.
GRAN
HARW
( 515 )

GRANTHAM, Lincolnshire,
JAMEs Hughes, Esq.
Offi. Col. in the Army.
GLYNNE-EARLE WELBY, Esq.
(See p. 330.)
GRIMSBY, GREAT, Lincolnshire.
GEoRGE HARRIs, Esq. (See p. 331.)
John-VILLIERs SHELLEY, Esq.
(See p. 329,-GATT on.)
GRINSTEAD, EAST, Sussev,
THE Hon. FREDERICK-RICHARD
WEST. (See p. 331.)
Viscount Holm Esdale.
(See p. 331.)
GUILDFORD, Surrey.
JAMES MANGLEs, Esq.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 41, St. James's-street.
Co. Se. Woodbridge, Surrey.
CHARLEs-FRANCIs Norton, Esq.
Offi. A Lieut. in the 52d Regt. of Foot.
To. Res. 17, Woburn-place.
Co. Se. Wonersh, Surrey.
HADDINGTONSHIRE, or EAST
LOTHIAN, Scotland.
JAMEs BALFourt, Esq.
(See p. 315.-CRAIL, &c.)
HADDINGTON, &c., a District
of Scottish Boroughs.
SIR ADolphus JoHN DALRYMPLE,
Bart.
(in the room of Rober T STEUART,
Esq. of ALDERs Ton, who was
declared to have been unduly elected,
on account of the forcible abduction
of on E of the FIVE ELEctons
of this district of FIVE Roy AL
BURGHS.)
HAMPSHIRE.
SIR. JAMES MACDoNALD, Bart.
(See p. 306.-CALNE.)
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 12, Stratton-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Lyss, near Petersfield, and
Woolmer Lodge, Hants.
CHARLEs-SHAw LEFEva E, Esq.
(See p. 321. –Downton.)
Co, Se, Heckfield, Hampshire,
HARWICH, Esser.
THE RT. Hon. John-CHARLEs
HERRIES. (See p. 333.)
THE R.T. Hon. GEong E-Rope RT
DAwson. (See p. 333.)
HASLEMERE, Surrey.
THE RT. HoN. SIR John BEcKETT,
Bart. (See p. 333.)
WILLIAM Holm Es, Esq. (See p. 333.)
HASTINGS, Susser.
FREDERIck NonTH, Esq.
Co. Res. Town of Hastings.
John-AshLEY WARRE, Esq.
To. Res. 7, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se.. West Cliff, near Ramsgate,
Kent.
HAVERFORDWEST, Pembroke-
shire, S. Wales.
SIR. Rich ARD-BULKELEY PHILIPPs,
Bart. (See p. 335.)
HEDON, Yorkshire.
SIR. THonſ.As - As Ton - CLIFFORD
CoNSTABLE, Bart. (See p. 335.)
RoRERT FARRAND, Esq. (See p. 335.)
HELSTON, Cornwall.
LonD JAMEs-NUGENT-Bo YLE-BER-
NARDo Townshen D. (See p. 335.)
SACKVILLE-LANE Fox, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 22, Hertford-street, May-
Fair.
Co. Sc. Bramham Park, near Tad-
caster, Yorkshire.
HEREFORDSHIRE.
SIR RopenT PRICE, Bart. (See p. 336.)
KEDGwin Hoski Ns, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Strickstenning, Herefordshire.
HEREFORD, Herefordshire.
Viscount EAs.TNort. (See p. 336.)

EDwARD-BoI.Ton CLIVE, Esq.
(See p. 336.)
HERT (
HUNT
516 )

HERTFORDSHIRE.
SIR. John - SAUNDERs SEBRIGHT,
Bart. (See p. 336.)
Nicholson CALvent, Esq.
(See p. 336.)
HERTFORD, Hertfordshire.
THoMAs-SLINGSBY DUN.com BE, Esq.
(See p. 336.)
John CURRIE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 14, Hill-street, Berkeley-sq.
Co, Se. Essendon, Herts.
HEYTESBURY, Wilts.
EDwARD-HENRY A’Count, Esq.
(See p. 337.)
SIR GEORGE-THom(As STAUNTox,
Bart. (See p. 337.)
HIGHAM-FERRERS, Northamp-
tonshire.
CHARLEs-CHRISTop HER PEPYs, Esq.
(in the room of Viscount MILT on,
who made his election for North-
AMP Tons.HIRE: his Lordship hav-
ing been returned for that County
as well as for the present Borough).
Offi. Solicitor-General to the Queen.
To. Res. 13, New-square, Lincoln’s-
inn, and 48, Queen-Anne-street.
Co. Se. Copse-hill, Wimbledon.
HINDON, Wilts.
John WEYLAND, Esq. (See p. 337.)
Edwann-John STANLEY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 38, Lower Brook-street.
Co. Se. Audley Park, Knutsford,
Cheshire. -
HONITON, Devonshire.
THE RT. Hon. SIR GEoRGE WAR-
RENDER, BART. (See p. 338.)
HARRY BAINEs Lott, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Sc. Tracy House, Devonshire.
HORSHAM, Sussex.
Nicholas-WILLIAM-RIDLEY CoI-
Bonn E, Esq. (See p. 339.)
THE EARL of SURREY. (See p. 339.)
HUNTINGDONSHIRE.
John-Bonfoy Rooper, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Viscount MANDEvil LE. (See p. 339.)
HUNTINGDON, H.-shire.
Jon ATHAN PEEL, Esq.
Offi. Col. in the Army.
Rel. Bro. to Sir Robert Peel, Bart.
M.P. for Tamworth ; to William
Yates Peel, Esq. M.P. for Cam-
bridge University; and to Edmund
Peel, Esq. M.P. for Newcastle-
under-Lyme.
FREDERIck Pollock, Esq.
Offi. A Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. Queen-square House, Guild-
ford-street; and Twisden Buildings,
Temple.
HYTHE, Kent.
STEwART MARJoRIBANKs, Esq.
(See p. 340.)
John Loch, Esq. (See p. 340.)
Offi. An East India Director.

INVERKEITHING, &c. District of
Scottish Boroughs.
JAMES Johnston, Esq. (See p. 340.)
INVERNESS-SHIRE, Scotland.
THE R.T. Hon. CHARLEs GRANT.
(See p. 340.)
IPSWICH, Suffolk.
JAMEs MoRRIson, Esq.
(See p. 388.-ST. Ives.)
RIGBY WAson, Esq.
IVELCHESTER, or ILCHESTER,
Somersetshire.
STEPHEN LUSHING-Ton, Esq., D.C.L.
(See p. 424.—WINc HELSEA. Also
WINCHELSEA, in present account.)
THE Hon. Edward-Rob T.-PETRE.
To. Res. 10, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Stapleton Park, Ferrybridge,
Yorkshire.
Rel. Bro. of Lord Petre.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.
KENT
KING
( 517 )

KENT, County of.
THoMAs-LAw Hopg|Es, Esq.
(See p. 342.)
THoMAs RIDER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
KERRY SHIRE, Ireland.
THE Hon. FREDERick MULLINs.
Offi. Major in the Army.
To. Res. Villa, Sussex Place, Regent's
Park.
Rel, Bro. to Baron Ventry.
DANIEL O'Conn EL, Esq.
(See p. 413.-WATERFoEDSHIRE.)
KILDARESHIRE, Ireland.
SIR. Josiah-WILLIAM HoRT., Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co, Se. Hortland, Co. Kildare.
Rich ARD-MoRE-O’FERRALL, Esq.
(See p. 343.)
KILKENNYSHIRE, Ireland.
Wiscount DUN.cANNoN. (See p. 343.)
THE EARL of Ossory. (See p. 343.)
KILKENNY, K.-shire, Ireland.
NICHol. As-PHILPoT LEADER, Esq.
(See p. 343.)
KINCARDINESHIRE, Scotland.
THE Hon. HUGH ARBUTHNoT.
(See p. 343.)
KING'S COUNTY, Ireland,
THoMAS BERNARD, Esq. (See p. 343.)
LoRD OxMANTown. (See p. 343.)
KING'S LYNN, Norfolk.
Lond GEoRGE-FREDERICK-CAvr:N-
DISH BENTINck. (See p. 344.)
LoRD WILLIAM-PITT LENNox.
To. Res. 30, Regent-street.
Rel. Bro. to the Duke of Richmond,
and to Lord John-George Lennox,
M.P. for Sussex.
KINGSTON-UPON-HULL, Pork-
shire.
GEorge SchoNswAR, Esq.
(See p. 344.)
WILLIAM-BATTIEWRIGHTson, Esq.
(See p. 344.)
KINSALE, Corkshire, Ireland.
John Russell, Esq. (See p. 345.)
KIRKCUDBRIGHT, Stewartry of,
Scotland.
RoPERT-CUTLAR FERGUson, Esq.
(See p. 345.)
KIRKWALL, &c., a District of
Scottish Boroughs.
JAMEs Loch, Esq. (See p. 345.)
KNARESBOROUGH, Yorkshire.
THE RT. Hon. SIR JAMES MACKIN-
Tosh, Kt. (See p. 345.)
THE RIGHT Hon. BARoN WATER-
PARK, I.P. (See p. 345.)
LANARKSHIRE, Scotland.
THE Hon. CHARLEs Douglas.
(See p. 345.)
LANCASHIRE. -
LoRD STANLEY. (See p. 346.)
BENJAMIN HEYwooD, Esq.
A Land Owner.
LANCASTER, Lancashire.
THoMAs GREENE, Esq. (See p. 346.)
PATRIcK-MAxwell. STEwART, Esq.
(See p. 346.)
LAUNCESTON, Cornwall.
JAMEs Baogden, Esq. (Sº p. 346.)
SIR John MALcol M, G.C.B.
Offi. A Major General.
LEICESTERSHIRE.
CHARLEs-MARCH PHILIPs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co, Se, Garrendon Park, same Co,
LEIC
LINC
( 518 )
Rel. to S. M. Phillips, Esq.,
Joint-Under Secretary for the Home
Department.
THomº As PAGET, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Humberstone, same county.
LEICESTER, L,-shire.
WILLIAM Evans, Esq. (See p. 347.)
WYNNE ELLIs, Esq.
To. Res. 30, Cadogan-place.
LEITRIMSHIRE, Ireland.
John-MARCU's CLEMENTs, Esq.
(See p. 347.)
SAMUEL WHITE, Esq. (See p. 347.)
LEOMINSTER, Herefordshire.
WILLIAM-BERTRAM Evans, Esq.
To. Res. Hertford-street, Hanover-sq.
THoMAs BRAYEN, jun. Esq.
Co. Res. Leominster.
LEWES, Sussex.
THom(As-R. KEMP, Esq. (See p. 348.)
SIR CHARLEs-RICHARD BLUNT, Bt.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Heathfield Park, Sussex.
LICHFIELD, Staffordshire.
SIR GEORGE ANson, K.C.B.
(See p. 348.)
SIR. EdwańD DollMAN Scort, Bt.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Great Barr Hall, Stafford.
LIMERICKSHIRE, Ireland.
THE Hon. RICHARD-HobART FITz-
GIB bon. (See p. 348.)
THE Hon. STANDISH O'GRADY.
(See p. 348.)
LIMERICK, Limerickshire, Ireland.
THoMAs SPRING RICE, Esq.
(See p. 348.)
LINCOLNSHIRE.
SIR WILLIAM-AM cotts INGILBY,
Bart. (See p. 349.)
THE Hon. CHARLEs - ANDERson-
WoRsley PELHAM. (See p. 369.
—NEwton, Isle of Wight.)
Offi. A Deputy-Lieut. of the Isle of
Wight.
Co. Se. Brocklesby, Lincolnshire.
LINCOLN, Lincolnshire.
CHARLEs - DELAET - WALDO SIB-
THoRPE, Esq. (See p. 349.)
GEORGE-FIEscHI HENEAGE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co, Se, Hainton, Lincolnshire.
LINLITHGOWSHIRE, Scotland.
THE RT. Hon. SIR ALExANDER
HoPE, Bart., G.C.B. (See p. 349.)
LISBURNE, Antrimshire, Ireland.
HENRY MEYNELL, Esq. (See p. 349.)
LISKEARD, Cornwall.
LoRD ELIoT. (See p. 349.)
SIR WILLIAM - HENRY PRINGLE,
K.C.B. (See p. 349.)
LIVERPOOL, Lancashire.
WILLIAM EwART, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 16, Eaton-place, Belgrave-
square.
(WACANT—John - EvelyN DENI-
son, Esq. having made his election
for NoTTINGHAMSHIRE; for which
County he was returned, as well as for
the present Borough.)
Mr. Denison having taken his seat, on
the 9th of July, moved the issuing out
of a new writ for Liverpool, which se-
veral Members objected to, among
others, Mr. Rigby Wason said, that
“corruption was at this moment going
on in the Borough; at the late gene-
ral election it was openly practised:—
three or four hundred persons were
expressly told on that occasion, that if
they did not vote for the present Mem-
bers, they would be brought to the bar
of the House, and forced to refund the
sums they had received in the previous
election.”
LOND (
LUDG
519 )
LONDON, Middlesea.
MATTHEw Wood, Esq. (See p. 351.)
Rober T WAITH MAN, Esq.
(See p. 351.)
WILLIAM THoMPson, Esq.
(See p. 351.)
WILLIAM VENABLEs, Esq.
Occ. A wholesale stationer.
Offi. An Alderman of the City of
London.
To.Res. Queen Hythe, Upper Thames-
street.
LONDONDERRYSHIRE, Ireland.
SIR. Robert BATEson, Bart.
(See p. 351.)
THEobALD Jon Es, Esq. (See p. 351.)
LONDONDERRY.I.shire, Ireland.
SIR Rohr. RT - ALExANDER FER-
GU son, Bart. (See p. 352.)
LONGFORDSHIRE, Ireland.
Wiscount For BEs. (See p. 352.)
ANTHoNY LEFRoy, Esq. (See p. 352.)
Co. Se, Newcastle, Longfordshire.
LOOE, EAST, Cornwall.
HENRY-THoMAs HoPE, Esq.
(See p. 352.)
THoMAs-ARTHUR KEMMIs, Esq.
(See p. 352.)
LOOE, WEST, Cornwall.
SIR CHARLEs HULSE, Bart.
(See p. 352.)
SIR ANTHoNY Bull ER, Knt.
Co. Se. Pound, Devon.
LOSTWITHIEL, Cornwall.
Wiscount WALLEToRT.
(See p. 353 and p. 380.-PLYMPT on
EARLE.)
THE Hon. EDwARD CUST, K. c.g.
(See p. 353.)
LOUTHSHIRE, Ireland.
ALEXANDER DAwson, Esq.
(See p. 353.)
RICHARD-LALoR SHIEL, Esq.
(See p. 362. — MILBoan E-Pont.
See also MILBoBNE Pont, in the
present account.)
LUDGERSHALL, Wilts.
SIR SANDF on D GRAHAM, Bart.
(See p. 353.)
Edwan D-THoMAs Foley, Esq:
(See p. 353.)
LUDLOW, Shropshire.
Viscount CLIvE. (See p. 353.)
THE HON. Robert T-HENRY CLIVE.
(See p. 354.)
A very ludicrous scene marked the late
election for this Borough.-At the
same time that the Corporation and
Burgesses proceeded to choose the
Members whom the Noble House of
Powis thought fit to recommend, the
remainder of the population assembled
in the centre of the town for apparently
a similar purpose; but in fact, in ridi-
cule of their brethren who possessed the
elective franchise. Two chairs and a
pair of maces being provided, with ban-
ners handsomely decorated, and having
suitable mottoes, three of the towns-
people, imitating the functions of the
returning officer, &c., opened the pro-
ceedings by lamenting they could not,
through usurpation, answer the call of
their good King in the more regular
way. Two chimney-sweepers were then
proposed as “fit and proper persons
to represent the hitherto unrepresented
loyal subjects in the Borough of Hum-
bug,” and they were elected unani-
mously. The knights of the soot-bag
addressed the meeting, declaring they
should not follow the example of pre-
decessors who had so grossly abused
their trust by aiding public measures
that had produced overwhelming tax-
ation,--a corrupt, pensioned, overbear-
ing aristocracy, a ruined trade,-and
unparalleled distress in the country; but
should join his most gracious Majesty
and his Ministers in all their laudable
measures of reformation.—The elected
then majestically ascended their chairs,
and, accompanied by a band of music,
were carried triumphantly through all
the streets of the town, making appro-
priate speeches in each, upon the neces-
LYME
MALT
( 520 )
sity of Reform, and upon supporting
the best King that ever reigned in Eng-
land;—amidst the cheering of an im-
mense assembly of people. The elec-
tion of the knights of the soot-bag was
performed about nine o’clock in the
morning, and that of the Clives at
noon;–the latter, when in their chairs,
being honoured with the attendance
before them of the blacks aforesaid,
carrying banners of immense size, with
the significant word “Corruption” in-
scribed on them.
LYME-REGIS, Dorsetshire.
THE Hon. HENRY-SUTT on FANE.
(See p. 354.)
John-THoMAs FANE, Esq.
(See p. 354.)
Co. Se. Balston Borough, and Bar-
ton-St. David's, Somersetshire.
LYMINGTON, Hampshire.
GEoRGE BURRARD, Esq. (See p. 354.)
W.M.-ALExANDER MACKINNoN, Esq.
To. Res. 4, Hyde Park-place.
Co. Se. Portswood House, near South-
ampton.
MAIDSTONE, Kent.
ABRAHAM-WILDEY RoHARTs, Esq.
(See p. 354.)
CHARLEs-JAMES BARNETT, Esq.
Occ. A Banker.
MALDON, Essex.
THoMAs-BARRETT LENNARD, Esq.
(See p. 355.)
QUINTIN DICK, Esq. (See p. 355.)
MALLOW, Corkshire, Ireland.
CHARLES-DENHAM-ORLANDo JEPH-
son, Esq. (See p. 356.)
MALMESBURY, Wiltshire.
SIR CHARLEs For BEs, Bart.
(See p. 356.)
John FoxBEs, Esq. (See p. 356.)
MALTON, Porkshire.

WILLIAM CAvendish, Esq.
(in the room of THE RT. Hon.
FRANCIs JEFFREY, who made
his election for the Forfar district
of Scottish Boroughs, in Scotland,
having been returned for them as
well as for the present Borough.)
(See p. 307.-CAMBRIDGE UNI-
versity.)
HENRY-GALLEY KNIGHT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 69, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Firbeck Hall, Bawtry, York-
shire.

MARLBOROUGH, Wilts.
THomſ. As - HENRY - SUT Ton - BUCK-
NALL Estcourt, Esq. (See p. 357.)
WILLIAM-John BANKES, Esq.
(See p. 358.)
MARLOW, Bucks.
THomAs-PEERs WILLIAMs, Esq.
(See p. 358.)
Owen WILLIAMs, Esq. (See p. 358.)
MAYOSHIRE, Ireland.
Dominick G. Brown E, Esq.
(See p. 358.)
John BRow NE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Westport House, Mayoshire.
MEATHSHIRE, Ireland.
(WAcANT — by the decease of SIR
MARcus SoMERVILLE, Bart.)
(See p. 358.)
LoRD KILLEEN. (See p. 358.)
MERIONETHSHIRE, N. Wales.
SIR Rop ERT-WILLIAMs WAUGHAN,
Bart. (See p. 358.)
MIDDLESEX, County of
Jose PH Hu ME, Esq. (See p. 359.)
GEORGE BYNG, Esq. (See p. 359.)
MIDHURST, Susser.
GEong E-Rober T SMITH, Esq.
(See p. 361.)
MILB
) MONT
( 521
MARTIN-TucKER SMITH, Esq.
To, Res. 22, Grosvenor-square,
Rel. Son to John Smith, M.P. for
Buckinghamshire.
MILBORNE-PORT, Somersetshire.
PHILIP CECIL CRAMP Ton, Esq.
(in the room of RICHARD-LALoR
SHIEL, Esq., who made his election
for Louthshire, in Ireland; having
been returned for that County as
well as for the present Borough.)
(See p. 390.-SALTASH.)
Co. Res. Merrion-square, Dublin.
GEoRGE-STEvºNs BYNG, Esq.
(See p. 362.)
Offi. A Capt. in the Army.
MINEHEAD, Somersetshire,
Joh N-Fown Es LUTT RELL, Esq.
(See p. 362.)
Viscount VILLIERs.
(See p. 384.—Roch EstER.)
Co. Se. Middleton Park, Oxfordshire,
MONAGHANSHIRE, Ireland.
THE Hon. CADwALLADER - DAvis
BLAYNEY. (See p. 363.)
THE Hon. HENRY-Rob ERT WES-
TENIRA.
To. Res. 52, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Cortolvin Hill, Monaghan-
shire.—The Dell, Windsor.
Jºel. Son of Baron Rossmore, I.P.
MONMOUTHSHIRE.
Lord GRANVILLE-CHAs. - HENRY
SoMERset. (See p. 363.)
WILLIAM-ADDAMS WILLIAMs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Llangibby Castle, Monmouth.
MONMOUTH, &c., Monmouthshire.
THE MARQUEss of Worcester,
(in the room of BENJAMIN HALL,
Esq. of Lanover, who was declared by
a Committee of the House of Com-
mons not to have been duly elected.)
(See p. 363.)
MONTGOMERYSHIRE, N. Wales.
THE RT. Hon. CHARLEs-WAT KIN-
WILLIAMs WYNN. (See p. 363.)
MONTGOMERY, M. shire, N. W.
HENRY CLIVE, Esq. (See p. 364.)
MORPETH, Northumberland.
WILLIAM ORD, Esq. (See p. 364)
THE Hon. WILLIAM HowARD.
(See p. 364.)
NAIRN & CROMARTY SHIRES,
Scotland.
DU.NcAN DAvidson, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se, Tulloch, near Dingwall, Ross-
shire.
NEWARK-UPON-TRENT, Notts.
WILLIAM FARN won TH HANDLEY,
Esq. (See p. 365.)
THoMAs WILDE, Esq.
Offi. Sergeant-at-Law.
To. Res. 69, Guildford-street.
Co, Se. Bowes Manor, near South-
gate, Middlesex.
NEWCASTLE-UNDER-LYME,
Staffordshire.
WILLIAM-HENRY MILLER, Esq.
(See p. 366.)

EDMUND PEEL, Esq.
To. Res. 18, Devonshire-place.
Co. Se. Bonehill House, Stafford.
Rel, Bro. to W. Yates Peel, Esq. M.P.
for Cambridge University; to the
Rt. Hon. Sir R. Peel, M.P. for
Tamworth ; and to Jonathan Peel,
Esq. M.P. for Huntingdon.
NEWCASTLE - UPON - TYNE,
Northumberland.
SIR MATTHEw - WHITE RIDLEY,
Bart. (See p. 367.)
John Hodgson, Esq. (See p. 367.)
NEWPORT, Cornwall.
Wiscount GRIMston,
(in the room of JonATHAN RAINE,
Esq. deceased—See p. 367.)
(See p. 387.-ST. ALBANs.)
SIR HENRY HARDINGE, K.C.B.
(See p. 367 and 387–St. GER-
MANs.)
3 x
NEW (
NORT
52.2 )
NEWPORT, or MEDINA, i. of W.
WILLIAM MoUNT, Esq.
Co. Se. Wasing-place, Berks.
Offi. An Alderman of the Borough.
JAMEs Joseph Hope VERE, Esq.
(See p. 341.-Ivelch EstER.)
NEW ROSS, Weafordshire, Ireland.
CHARLEs ToTTENHAM, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Ballycurry, Wicklowshire.
NEWRY, Downshire, Ireland.
THE Hon. John-HENRY KNox.
(See p. 368.)
NEWTON, Lancashire.
THoMAs LEGH, Esq. (See p. 368.)
THoMAs Houldsworth, Esq.
(See p. 369.)
NEWTOWN, Isle of Wight, Hants.
HUDson GURNEY, Esq. (See p. 369.)
SIR WILLIAM HoRNE, Knt.
(See p. 300.-BLETCHINGLY.)
NORFOLK, County of:
THoMAs-WENMAN CokE, Esq.
(See p. 369.)
SIR WM. - John - HENRY-BRow NE
Folk Es, Bart. (See p. 369.)
NORTHALLERTON, Yorkshire.
THE Hon. WILLIAM-SEBRIGHT
LAscELLEs.
To. Res. 36, Wilton Crescent.
Co. Se. Harewood House, Yorkshire.
Rel. Third son of the Earl of Hare-
wood.
SIR John-Poe BERESFord, Bart.
(See p. 369.)
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
THERT. HoN.VIscount ALT HoRPE.
(See p. 370.)
Offi. A Lord of the Treasury.
V1scount MILTON.
N. & S. Charles-William Wentworth
Fitzwilliam.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Mortimer House, Halkin
street, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Milton, Northamptonshire.
Rel. Son and heir to Earl Fitzwilliam.
(See HIGH AM-FERRERs, in the pre-
sent account.)
NORTHAMPTON, N.shire.
SIR GEoRGE Robinson, Bart.
(See p. 370.)
RoBERT VERNoN SMITH, Esq.
(See p. 408.-TRALEE.)
NORTHUMBERLAND, County of
THoMAs-WENTwo RTH BEAUMont,
Esq. (See p. 370.)
Visco UNT Howick.
(See p. 337–HIGH AM-FERRARs.)
Offi. A Commissioner for the assistance
of Emigrants.
NORWICH, Norfolk.
Rich ARD-HAN BURY GURNEY, Esq.
(See p. 371.)
Co. Se. Hethersett, Norfolk.
THE RT. HoN. Rob ERT GRANT,
(See p. 371.)
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.
John-SAv ILLE LUMLEY, Esq.
(See p. 371.)
Joh N-EvelyN DENIson, Esq.
(See Liv ERPool, in the present ac-
count.)
A Land Owner.
NOTTINGHAM, Notts.
SIR THo. DENMAN, Kt. (See p. 371.)
SIR RoNALD-CRAwford FERGUson,
K.C.B. (See p. 371.)
Rel, Bro. to Robert Ferguson, Esq.
M.P. for Dysart, &c.
OAKHAMPTON, Devonshire.
John-THoMAs HoPE, Esq.
(See p. 329.-GATToN.)
SIR RICHD. RAwl INson VyvyAN, Bt.
(in the room of WILLIAM-HENRY
TRANT, Esq. of 10, Berkeley-
square, who accepted the Steward-
ship of the Chiltern Hundreds.)
(See p. 314.—CornwALL.)
ORFO (
PERT
523 )
ORFORD, Suffolk.
SIR HENRY-FREDERick Cooke,
K.C.B. (See p. 372.)
SPENce R-House. Y KILDER BEE, Esq.
(See p. 372.)
ORKNEY & SHETLAND, Stew-
artry, Scotland.
GEORGE TRAIL, Jun. Esq. (See p. 372.)
OXFORDSHIRE,
GEORGE-GRAN VILLE HARcourt, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Rich ARD WEYLAND, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Major in the Army.
(See WEYMoU TH and MEL comb E-
REGIs, in the present account.)
OXFORD, City of, Owon.
John-HAUGHT on LANGston, Esq.
(See p. 374.)
WM.-H. Hug HEs, Esq. (See p. 374.)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY, Oron.
SIR. Robert-HARRY INGL1s, Bart.
D.C.L. (See p. 376.)
THoMAs - GRIMsTo NE - BUCKNALL-
EstcourtT, Esq. D.C.L. (See p.375.)
PEEBLES-SHIRE, Scotland.
WAcANT — by the decease of SIR
y
GEoRGE Montgomery, Bart.)
(See p. 376.)
PEMBROKESHIRE, South Wales.
SIR John Owen, Bart. (See p. 376.)
PEMBROKE, &c. P.shire, S. Wales.
Hugh-Owen Owen, Esq.
(See p. 376.)
PENRYN, Cornwall.
JAMEs-WILLIAMs-FREshº IELD, Esq.
(See p. 376.)
CHARLEs Stu ART, Esq.
Co, Se, Oriental-place, Brighton,
PERTHSHIRE, Scotland.
THE R.T.HoN. SIRGEoRGE MURRAY,
G. c.B. (See p. 378.)
PETERBOROUGH, Northampton-
shire.
SIR. Robert HERoN, Bt. (See p. 379.)
Joh N Nicholas FAzAKERLY, Esq.
(See p. 379.)
PETERSFIELD, Hants.
SIR WILLIAM – GEong E - HYLTox
Jo. LIFFE, Bart. (See p. 379.)
HYLT on Jolliff E, Esq.
To. Res. 62, Pall-mall.
Rel. Son of the other Member.
PLYMOUTH, Devonshire.
THE RT. HoN. SIR GEORGE Cock-
BURN, G.c.B. (See p. 379.)
SIR THoMAs-BYAM MART IN, G.c.B.
(See p. 379.)
PLYMPTON-EARLE, Devonshire.
GIBBs-CRAwfurd ANTRobus, Esq.
(See p. 380.)
(VACANT — by the decease of SIR
CoMPT on Domville, Bart.)
(See p. 380.)
PONTEFRACT, or POMFRET,
Yorkshire.
THE Hon. HENRY-V. STAFF or D-
JERNINGHAM. (See p. 380.)
THE RT. Hon. The EARL of MEx-
Bokou GH, I. P.
N. & S. John Saville.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 102, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Methley Hall, Yorkshire.
Rel. Father to Viscount Pollington,
M.P. for Gatton.
POOLE, Dorsetshire.
BENJAMIN L1st ER LISTER, Esq.
(See p. 380.)
THE Hon. WILLIAM FRANcis SPEN-
cER Ponsonby. (See p. 381.)
PORT
REIG
( 524 )
PORTARLINGTON, Q.-Co. Id.
THE RT. HoN. SIR WILLIAM RAE,
Bart. (See p. 305.-BUTE and
CAITHNEss SHIREs.)
Mr. O’Connell stated in the House, a
few evenings ago, that this Borough
was brought openly into the market;
it being announced that any gentle-
man might be returned for it who
would lend the Earl of Portarlington
40,000l. or 50,000l. at legal interest,
upon good security; and that the per-
son who lent the money became his
Lordship's member accordingly.
PORTSMOUTH, Hampshire.
John Bon HAM CARTER, Esq.
(See p. 381.)
To, Res. Duke-street, Westminster,
FRANCIS-T. BARING, Esq. (See p. 381.)
Offi. A Commissioner for rendering
assistance to Emigrants.
PRESTON, Lancashire.
John Wood, Esq. (See p. 382.)
HENRY HUNT, Esq. (See p. 382.)
QUEENBOROUGH, Kent.
Joh N CAPEL, Esq. (See p. 382.)
SIR Col. QUHou N GRANT, K.C.B. and
G.C. H.
Offi. A Lieut. General.
To. Pies. 22, Portman-square.
QUEEN'S COUNTY, Ireland.
SIR CHARLEs HENRY Coote, Bart.
(See p. 383.)
THE RT. Hon. SIR HENRY PAR-
NELL, Bart. (See p. 383.)
Offi. A Privy Councillor,
RADNORSHIRE, S.- Wales.
THE RT. Hon. THoMAs FRANKLAND
LEwis. (See p. 383.)
RADNOR, NEW, &c., S.–Wales.
Richard PR1ce, Esq. (See p. 383.)
READING, Berkshire.
CHARLEs FY sche PALMER, Esq.
(See p. 383.)
CHARLEs Russ ELL, Esq. (See p. 383.)
REIGATE, Surrey.
(VacANT — by the death of SIR Jo-
sEPH-SIDNEY York E., C.B.)
(See p. 384.)
Joseph York E, Esq.
Offi. A Capt. in the R. Navy.
Co. Se. Forthampton Court, Glou-
cester.
Rel. Son of the deceased Member.

RENFREWSHIRE, Scotland.
SIR Michael SHAw STEwART, Bart.
(See p. 384.)
RICHMOND, Yorkshire.
THE Hon. SIR Robert LAWRENCE
DUNDAs, c.B. (See p. 384.)
THE Hon. John-CHARLEs DUNDAs.
(See p. 384.)
RIPPON, Yorkshire.
Louis-HAYEs PETIT, Esq.
(See p. 384.)
GEoRGE SPENCE, Esq. (See p. 384.)
ROCHESTER, Kent.
RALPH BERNAL, Esq. (See p. 384.)
John MILLs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 22, Hill-st. Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Bisterne, Ringwood, Hants.
ROMNEY, Kent.
WILLIAM MILEs, Esq. (See p. 385.)
SIR. Edw.-CHolyrelley DERING, Bt.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 35, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se, Surenden Dering, Kent.
ROSCOMMONSHIRE, Ireland.
ARTHUR FRENch, Esq. (See p. 386.)
DENIs O'Connon, Esq.
(in the room of Ow EN O'Connon,
Esq. (See p. 386.) Deceased.)
A Land Owner.
Co, Se, Ballinagar, Roscommonshire.
ROSS-SHIRE, Scotland.
JAMES-ALExANDER-STEwART MAC-
KEN z1E, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se, Seaforth, Ross-shire.
ROXB
SALT
( 525 )
ROXBURGHSHIRE, Scotland.
HENRY-FRANCIs Scott, Jun., Esq.
(See p. 386.)
RUTLANDSHIRE.
SIRGERARD N.-Noel, Bt. (Seep. 386.)
SIR. GILBERT HEATHcot E, Bart.
(See p. 386.)
RYE, Sussex.
DE-LACY Evans, Esq.
Offi. A Col. in the Army.
To. Pies, 12, Regent-street.
THoMAS PEMBERT on, Esq.
To.Res. 8, Lincoln’s-inn, New-square;
and 3, Spring-garden Terrace.
ST. ALBANS, Hertfordshire.
SIR FRANCIs VINCENT, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Matlarm, Surrey.
Rich ARD Godson, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister.
To, Res. 22, Woburn-place; and In-
ner-Temple-hall Staircase.
ST. GERMAN’S, Cornwall.
CHAs. Ross, Esq. (See p. 387.)
WINTHRoP - MAckwon TH PRAED,
Esq. (See p. 387.)
ST. IVES, Cornwall.
JAMEs HALSE, Esq.
Co. Res. St. Ives.
Edward-EARLE-LYT Ton BULwe R,
Esq.
To. Res. 36, Hertford-st. May-fair.
ST. MAWES, Cornwall.
GEong E-GRENvil LE VANDIs For T
Prsot T, Esq. (See p. 389.)
SIR. Edward - BURTENshAw SUg-
DEN, Kt. (See p. 420.-WEYMoUTH
AND MELcombe-REGIs.)
ST. MICHAEL, or MIDSHALL,
Cornwall.
THE Hon. LLoyd KENYon.
(See p. 389.)
THE Hon. WILLIAM-SAMUEL BEST.
To. Re. 12, Hanover-square,
Rel. Son of Baron Wynford.
SALTASH, Cornwall.
FREDER Ick VILLIERs, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 6, Cleveland-court,
James's.
Bro.-in-law to Baron Durham.
BETHEL WALRoND, Esq.
(See p. 404.—SUDBURY.)
St.
SANDWICH, Kent.
Jose PH MARYATT, Esq. (See p. 390.)
SIR. Edwar D-THomſ. As TRoubRIDGE,
Bart.
Offi. A Captain in the R. Navy.
Co. Se. Blomer, Sussex.

SARUM, NEW, or SALISBURY,
Wiltshire.
WADHAM WYNDHAM, Esq.
(See p. 391.)
THE Hon. DUN.com BE-PLEY DELL
Bouver IE. (See p. 391.)
SARUM, OLD, Wiltshire.
JAMEs ALEXANDER, Esq. (Seep.391.)
Josſ As-DUPRE' ALEXANDER, Esq.
(See p. 392.)
SCARBOROUGH, Yorkshire.
THE RT. Hon. CHARLEs MANNERs
Sutton. (See p. 392.)
Offi. Speaker of the Honourable the
House of Commons.
THE Hon. EDMUND PHIPPs.
(See p. 392.)
SEAFORD, Susser.
John FITzGERALD, Esq. (See p. 393.)
WILLIAM Lyons, Esq. (See p. 393.)
To. Res. Lower Grosvenor-street.
SELKIRKSHIRE, Scotland.
ALEXANDER PRINGLE, Esq.
(See p. 397.)
SELKIRK, &c. a Dist. of S. Bor.
WILLIAM-Down E GILLoN, Esq.
Co. Sc. Wallhouse, Selkirkshire,
SHAF
SOUT
( 526 )
SHAFTESBURY, Dorsetshire.
EDw ARD PEN RHYN, Esq.
(See p. 397.)
WILLIAM-LEADER MABERLY, Esq.
Offi. A Lieut.-Colonel in the Army.
SHOREHAM, NEW, Sussea.
SIR CHARLEs MERRIck BURRELL,
Bart. (See p. 399.)
HENRY How ARD, Esq. (See p. 399.)
SHREWSBURY, Shropshire.
RICHARD JENKINs, Esq. (See p.400.)
Robert T-A. SLANEY, Esq.(See p.400.)
SHROPSHIRE.
SIR. Row LAND HILL, Bart.
(See p. 400.)
John CREsset PELHAM, Esq.
(See p. 400.)
SLIGOSHIRE, Ireland.
Edward-SYNGE CoopFR, Esq.
(See p. 400.)
ALEXANDER PERCIVAL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Lieut.-Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Temple House, Sligoshire.
SLIGO, S.-shire, Ireland.
John WYNNE, Esq. (See p. 400.)
SOMERSETSHIRE.
EDw ARD-AYshroRD SANFoED, Esq.
(See p. 401.)
WILLIAM-GoRE LANGTon, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Offi. A Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 12, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Sc. Newton Park, Bath.
SOUTHAMPTON, Hants.
ARTHUR ATHERLEY, Esq.
Co. Se. Arundel, Sussex.
John Store Y PEN LEAzE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 14, Bolton-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Bossington, near Stockbridge,
Southampton.
SOUTHWARK, Surrey.
CHARLEs CALVERT, Esq. (See p. 402.)
WILLIAM BRough AM, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister.
Offi. A Master in Chancery.
To. Res. 12, Old-square, Lincoln’s-
inn.
Rel. Bro. to the Lord High Chan-
cellor, and to James Brougham,
Esq., M.P. for Winchelsea.
STAFFORDSHIRE.
Edward-John LITTLETon, Esq.
(See p. 402.)
SIR. John WRoTTEs LEY, Bart.
(See p. 402.)
STAFFORD, S.-shire.
THoMAs Gisbon NE, Esq. (See p. 402.)
John CAMPBELL, Esq. (See p. 402.)
STAMFORD, Lincolnshire.
LoRD THoMAs CECIL. (See p. 402.)
CHARLEs TENNYson, Esq.
(See p.300.-BLEtch INGLEY. See
also BLETCHINGLEY in the pre-
sent account.)
“At the late election, Mr. Tennyson,
and his agent, Mr. Parkes, protested
against the employment of London
bullies or pugilists, as special con-
stables to keep the peace. The Mayor
requested the names of the parties 2
Mr. Parkes said, such a request was
a subterfuge; such rascals either had
no names, or half a dozen each; the
introduction of them was infamous, for
they were sworn in, specially, to break
the peace. He pledged his reputation
to the legality of inflicting the sum-
mary justice that Englishmen were
wont to deal out if the bullies so im-
ported from the foulest lanes of the
metropolis attempted any interference
or offered insult to the inhabitants.
Mr. Parkes then warned the Mayor,
that in swearing in such fellows, he
would be responsible for any blood
spilt; for that assuredly, in the temper
of the inhabitants, the foreigners ran a
risk of being exterminated.
“Mr. Parkes was not deceived in his
estimate of the feeling which the Mar-

STAM (
STEY
527 )
-
quis of Exeter's ruffians were likely to
excite. They were attacked on Satur-
day night; the clothes being torn off
the back of their leader (a man named
Chamberlain, from Pimlico); and the
gang obliged to seek shelter in a malt-
house, to save their lives. The Tories
complain of the violence of the people;
but what is the casual ebullition of
popular feeling on behalf of their li-
belled King, compared with the deli-
berate attempt of a Boroughmongering
Lord to put down the freedom of the
electors by an importation of the most
desperate villains of St. Giles's; who
do not carry knives or stilettoes only
because murdering with sharp weapons
is not the custom of the district from
which they proceed.
‘The following authentic particularshave
been communicated to us respecting the
above transaction :- On Wednesday
last, a man named Coombs waited upon
Mr. Robert Gouger, a gentleman con-
nected with Stamford and its neigh-
bourhood, and told him that thirty-sia,
pugilists had been hired by one Baker,
a superintendent of police, on behalf of
the Marquis of Eacter, or Lord Tho-
mas Cecil, to go down to Stamford to
fight for them at the election. Mr.
Gouger asked Coombs how he knew
this? Coombs, and one Mansell, whom
Coombs had brought with him, stated
that Mansell had been hired as one of
the party, but that, upon the persua-
sion of Coombs, he had declined to go.
The names of some of the boxers who
were hired and did go, are Blissett,
Castles, Oliver, Stockman, and Reader.
Mr. Gouger lost no time in laying the
statement before Mr. Phillips, the Un-
der Secretary of State. Mr. Phillips
examined Coombs; who repeated what
he had said to Mr. Gouger, and who
was sent by Mr. Phillips to fetch Man-
sell. Mansell was examined by Mr.
Phillips; who also sent for Mr. Baker,
the superintendent of police, and exa-
mined him. This examination led Mr.
Phillips to believe that the men had
been hired to be made special constables
for keeping the peace;—for so said Ba-
ker. All that had passed was commu-
nicated by Mr. Gouger to Mr. Tenny-
son, the Reform candidate at Stamford;
and he also sent Coombs to Stamford for
the purpose of recognizing the bruisers,
and exposing them to Mr. Tennyson
and the Stamford electors. On Friday
morning, Mr. Gouger received from
Stamford a letter dated April 28th,
from which the following is an extract:
—“If they persist in their bullying,
the consequence will be that we shall
distribute handbills in the country
(which is all in our favour), make an
immense party, and crush them at once.
They have, besides the vagabonds from
London, a mob of three hundred hired
at seven shillings per day, and every
thing found for them, armed with thick
staves. But we have taken the law into
our own hands, and thrashed them re-
peatedly. Last night we had a despe-
rate affray, the consequence of which
was abundance of broken heads. To-
night the same thing will be acted
again.”—Mr. Gouger read this letter
to Mr. Phillips (Mr. Tennyson also
having written to Lord Melbourne);
and Mansell was sent for again. He
stated to Mr. Phillips (on Friday), that
he had been sent, with one Butler, by
Reuben Martin, a pugilist, to be hired
by Baker; and that Baker informed
them their master would be a good one
—being the Marquis of Exeter. Man-
sell and Butler further told Mr. Phil-
lips, that being asked by Baker from
whom they came, they said they came
from Reuben Martin: cards, with his
name on them, were delivered to Ba-
ker, who said, ‘It’s all right.” Mr.
Gouger has since ascertained, that Ba-
ker hired Butler at five shillings a day;
and that Butler left town for Stamford
on Thursday morning, with the other
pugilists, from the Bull Inn, Holborn;
all the places in the coach having been
taken by Baker in his own name.”


“When Mr. Phillips had received the
whole of the above information, he said
that it was a case requiring the inter-
ference of Government.”—Spectator
Newspaper for May 1, 1831.
STEYNING, Susser.
GEoRGE-R. PHILIPs, Esq. (Seep.403.)
EDMUND BLount, Esq. (See p. 403.)
STIRLINGSHIRE, Scotland.
WILLIAM-RAMSAY RAMsAY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Sc. Barnton, Stirlingshire.

STOC
TAUN
( 528 )
STOCKBRIDGE, Hampshire.
THE R.T. HoN. SIR STRATFoRD
CANNING, G.C.B.
To. Pies. 29, Grosvenor-square.
John BARHAM, Esq.
To. Res. 26, Queen Anne-street.
Co. Se, Stockbridge House, Hants.
SUDBURY, Suffolk.
SIR John-BENN WALs H, Bart.
(See p. 404.)
D1GBY-CAYLEY WRANGHAM, Esq.
To. Res. 1, Wilton-crescent.
SUFFOLK, County of
SIR HENRY-EDwARD BUNBURY, Bt.
(See p. 404.)
CHARLEs TYRELL, Esq. (See p. 404.)
SURREY, County of.
WILLIAM-Jose PH DENIson, Esq.
(See p. 404.)
Joh N I. BRiscoe, Esq. (See p. 404.)
SUSSEX, County of.
LoRD JoHN-GEORGE LENNox.
(See p. 311.-CHICHESTER.)
HERBERT BARRETT CURTELs, Esq.
(See p. 404.)
SUTHERLANDSHIRE, Scotland.
Sir Hug H INNEs, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Izochalsh and Coxtoun.
TAMWORTH, Staffordshire and
Warwickshire.
LoRD CHARLEs - VERE FERRERs
Towns HEND. (See p. 405.)
THE R.T. Hon. SIR Robert PEEL,
Bart. (See p. 405.)
Rel. Bro. to Edmund Peel, Esq. M.P.
for Newcastle-under-Lyme: to Jo-
nathan Peel, Esq. M.P. for Hunt-
ingdon; and to W. Yates Peel,
Esq. M.P. for Cambridge Univer-
sity.
TAUNTON, Somersetshire.
Edward - Thom As BAINBRIDGE,
Esq. (See p. 405.)
HENRY LABouch ERE, Esq.
(See p. 405.)
TAVISTOCK, Devonshire.
Lord WILLIAM RUssel L.
(See p. 406.)
Jo HN-HEY wood HAwk1Ns, Esq.
(in the room of the Right Hon. LoRD
John Russel, L, who, having been
returned for Devonshire as well as
the present Borough, made his elec-
tion for the County.
(See p. 389.-ST. Mich AEI.)
Rel. Son of Sir Christopher Hawkins,
Bart.
TEWKSBURY, Gloucestershire.
John-EDMUND-Dowdeswell, Esq.
(See p. 406.)
John MARTIN, Esq. (See p. 407.)
THETFORD, Norfolk.
ALEXANDER BARING, Esq.
(See p. 305.-CALLING-Ton.)
LoRD JAMEs FITzRoy.
To. Res.47, Clarges-street, Piccadilly.
Rel, 3d son of the Duke of Grafton.
THIRSK, Yorkshire.
SIR. Rob ERT FRANKLAND, Bart.
(See p. 407.)
Rob ERT-GREENHILL RusseII.
(See p. 407.)
TIPPERARYSHIRE, Ireland.
THoMAs WYSE, Esq. (See p. 408.)
Joh N-HELY HUTch IN son, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 6, Sackville-st. Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Knocklofty, Tipperaryshire.
TIVERTON, Devonshire.
THE Hon. GRANVILLE DUDLEY
RYDER. (See p. 408.)
SPENCER PER civ AL, Esq.
(See p. 367. – NEw Pont, Isle of
Wight.)
TOTN
WARW
( 529 )
TOTNESS, Devonshire.
THE Rt. Hox. Thomas-PEREGRINE
CourtTNEY. (See p. 408.)
CHARLEs-BARRY BALDw1N, Esq.
(See p. 408.)
TRALEE, Kerryshire, Ireland.
WALKER FERRAND, Esq.
Co. Se. Harden-Grange, Yorkshire.
TREGONY, Cornwall.
CHARLEs-GEoRGE-JAMES ARBUTH-
Not, Esq.
Offi. Lieut. Col. of the 72d High-
landers.
JAMES MACKILLoP, Esq. (See p.409.)
TRURO, Cornwall.
WIscount EN.com.B.E. (See p. 411.)
NATHANIEL-WILLIAM PEACH, Esq.
(See p. 411.)
TYRONESHIRE, Ireland.
THE Hon. HENRY THoMAs-LowRY
CoRRY. (See p. 411.)
SIR. Hugh STEwART, Bart.
(See p. 412.)
WALLINGFORD, Berks.
WILLIAM-LEwis HUGHES, Esq.
(See p. 412.)
Rober T KNIGHT, Esq. (See p. 412.)
WAREHAM, Dorsetshire.
GRANBY-HALEs CALCRAFT, Esq.
Co. Se. Rempstone Hall, Dorset.
Rel. Son of the Rt. Hon. John Cal-
craft, M.P. for Dorsetshire; son-in-
law to the Duke of Manchester.
CHARLEs WooD, Esq.
(See p. 331.-GRIMs BY.)
Co. Se. Hickleton, Yorkshire,
WARWICKSHIRE.
FRANCIs LAwley, Esq. (See p. 412.)
SIR. GREY Skipwi TII, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Alveston, Warwick.
WARWICK, Warwickshire.
John Tom Es, Esq. (See p. 413.)
Edward-Bolton KING, Esq.
Co. Se. Umberslade, Co. Warwick.
WATERFORDSHIRE, Ireland.
SIR. RICHARD Musgh Ave, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co, Se, Towrin, Waterfordshire.
RoRERT Power, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Whitechurch, Waterfordshire.
WATERFORD, W-shire, Ireland.
THE RT. Hon.SIR John NEwport,
Bart. (See p. 413.)
WELLS, Somersetshire.
John-EDw ARD's WAUGHAN, Esq.
(See p. 413.)
John-LEE LEE, Esq. (See p. 413.)
WENDOVER, Bucks.
ABEL SMITH, Esq. (See p. 414.)
SAMUEL SMITH, Esq. (See p. 414.)
WENLOCK, Shropshire.
PAUL BEILBY THoMPson, Esq.
(See p. 415.)
THE Hon. GEORGE-CECIL-WELD
For RESTER. (See p. 415.)
WEOBLY, Herefordshire.
LoRD EDwARD THYNNE.
To. Res. 2, Richmond Terrace, White-
hall.
Rel, 3d son of the Marquess of Bath.
LoRD HENRY-FREDERICK THYNNE.
(See p. 416.)
WESTBURY, Wiltshire.
SIR RALPH-FRAN Co LoPEz, Bart,
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 3, Arlington-st., Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Roborough House, Devon-
shire.
Rel. Nephew and heir to the late Sir
Manasseh-Masseh Lopez, Bart of
Boroughmongering celebrity.
3 Y-

WEST
WHIT
( 530 )
HENRY-FREDER1ck STEPHENson,
Esq.
(in * room of HENRY HANMER,
Esq., a Lieut. Colonel of the Royal
Horse Guards, who accepted the
Stewardship of the Chiltern Hun-
dreds.)
To Res. Hanover-square.
WESTMEATHSHIRE, Ireland.
GUSTAvus Roch Fort, Esq.
(See p. 416.)
Mont AGUE-Low THER CHAPMAN,
Esq. (See p. 416.)
WESTMINSTER, Middlesex.
SIR FRANcis BURDETT, Bart.
(See p. 417.)
John-CAM HobHous E, Esq.
(See p. 417.)
WESTMORELAND, County of.
THE Hon. HENRY CEcIL Low THER.
(See p. 420.)
ALEXANDER Now ELL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 43, Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Underley Park, Kirkby-Lons-
dale, Westmoreland.
WEXFORDSHIRE, Ireland.
ARTHUR CHICHESTER, Esq.
(See p. 420.)
HENRY LAMBERT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Carnagh, Wexfordshire.
WEXFORD, W.shire, Ireland.
CHARLEs-ARTHUR WALKER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co, Se, Belmont, Wexfordshire.
WEYMOUTH and MELCOMBE
REGIS, Dorsetshire.
MASTERT on URE, Esq. (See p. 420.)
THoMAs-Fowell Buxton, Esq.
(See p. 420.)
John GoRDoN, Esq. (See p. 420.)
CHARLEs-BARING WALL, Esq.
(in the room of Richard WEYLAND,
Esq. who made his election for Ox-
For DSHIRE ; for which he was re-
turned, as well as for this Borough).
(See p. 332–GUILDFord.)
The Committee of Mr. Prendergast, who
was a candidate with Mr. Wall, at the
late election for Weymouth, published
the following letter, which is really a
curiosity even in the annals of Borough-
mongering:-
Copy of a Letter from C. B. Wall, Esq.,
PRo TEMPore MEMBER for Wey-
mouth, to Sir G. F. Johnstone.
“SIR,-Having received a requisition
numerously signed by the electors of
Weymouth, inviting me to offer myself
a candidate to fill the seat vacated by
Major Weyland, and having also seen
a copy of the arrangement entered into
at the late election, I concur therein,
and engage to hold the seat at Wey-
mouth until such time as you may re-
quire me to vacate for you. I have
the honour to remain, Sir, your most
obedient servant,
“C. BARING WALL.”
WHITCHURCH, Hants.
SIR SAMUEL Scott, Bt. (See p. 422.)
THE Hon. HoRATIo-GEO.-Powys
Townsh END. (See p. 422.)
To. Res. Half-moon-street, Piccadilly.
WICKLOWSHIRE, Ireland.
(See p. 422.)
RALPH. HowARD, Esq. (See p. 422.)
JAMEs GRATTAN, Esq.
WIGAN, Lancashire.
John-Hodgson KEARSLEY, Esq.
(See p. 422.)
RALPH THIcKNEsse, Esq.
Co. Se. Beechhill, Co. Lancaster.
WIGTONSHIRE, Scotland.
SIR ANDREw AgNEw, Bart.
(See p. 423.)
WIGTON, &c., a District of Scottish
Boroughs.
EDwARD STEwART, Esq.
Prof. Student-at-law.
Offi. Late Private Secretary to the
First Lord of the Admiralty.
To, Res, Lincoln’s-inn.
WILT
WOOD
( 5
31 )
WILTON, Wiltshire.
John-HUNGERFond PEN RUD-
Dock E, Esq. (See p. 423.)
John D.AwkINs, Esq.
To. Res. 63, Upper Berkeley-street,
Portman-square.
WILTSHIRE.
SIR. JAcob-Dugdale. As TLEY, Bart.
(See p. 423.)
John BENNETT, Esq. (See p. 423.)
WINCHELSEA, Sussea.
John WILLIAMs, Esq. (See p. 424.)
JAMES BROUGHAM, Esq.
(in the room of STEPHEN LUs HING-
To N, Esq., D.C.L. who made his
election for Ivelch EstER, having
been returned for that Borough, as
well as for the present Cinque Port.)
(See p. 321.-Downton. See also
Downton in the present account.)
Co. Se. Brougham Hall, Westmore-
land.
Rel. Bro. to William Brougham,
Esq. M.P. for Southwark.
WINCHESTER, Hants.
PAULET-ST.-John MILDMAY, Esq.
(See p. 425.)
To. Res, 61, Welbeck-street.
JAMEs-BULLER EAST, Esq.
To. Res. 12, Stratford-place, Oxford-
Street.
Co. Se. Addlestrop House, Chipping
Norton, Oxfordshire.
Rel. Son to Edward Hyde East, Bart.,
late M.P. for Winchester.
WINDSOR, Berkshire.
John RAMs Bo TToM, Esq. (See p. 426.)
THE RT. Hon. Edward-GE of FREY
SMITH STANLEY. (See p. 426.)
A Privy Councillor in England.
Offi. Chief Secretary of State for Ireland.
Previously to the late election, a de-
claration having been made by a large
number of the electors of Windsor,
approving of the conduct of their
representatives in the last Parlia-
ment, and pledging themselves to
return these gentlemen free from all
expense; measures were taken for
ascertaining how far this feeling was
in unison with that of the electors at
large, and we have great pleasure in
here recording a resolution adopted by
all classes of voters in this Borough,
viz. “ That the electors of Windsor
do acknowledge the appeal made by
the King to his people, and agree to
testify their approbation of the great
measure proposed by his Majesty's
ministers, by again returning as their
representatives two staunch supporters
of Parliamentary Reform, unsolicited,
and unfettered by those expenses, the
sanction of which is derogatory from
the pure spirit of the elective franchise,
and alike degrading to the electors and
the elected.”
It is very pleasing to be able to add that
similarly virtuous and patriotic returns
were made to the present Parliament
by Westminster, Reading, Rochester,
and other places.

WOODSTOCK (New), Oxfordshire.
LoRD CHARLEs-SPEN CER CHURCH-
HILL. (See p. 426.)
VIsco UNT ST or Mon T.
(See p. 291.-ALDBorough.)
WOOTTON-BASSET, Wilts.
Viscount MAHoN. (See p. 426.)
Ilorid Ponch EstER.
N. & S. Henry-John-George Herbert.
To. Res. Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Highclere, Hants.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Carnarvon:
bro. to the Hon. E. C. H. Herbert,
M.P. for Callington.
WORCESTERSHIRE.
THE Hon. THoMAs-HENRY Foley.
(See p. 427.)
THE Hon. FREDERICK SPEN CER.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Rel. 2d, son of Earl Spencer: bro. to
Viscount Althorp.
WORCESTER, Wiltshire.
THomi As-HENRY-HAs TINGs DAv1Es,
Esq. (See p. 427.)
GEoRGE-Richard Robinson, Esq.
(See p. 427.)
WYCO
YORK
( 532 )
WYCOMBE, CHIPPING, Bucks.
SIR THoMAS BARING, Bart,
(See p. 427.)
THE Hon. Robert T-John SMITH.
(See p. 305.-BuckINGHAMSHIRE.)
YARMOUTH, GREAT, Norfolk.
THE Hon. GEORGE ANson.
(See p. 428.)
CHARLEs-EDMUND RUMBOLD, Esq.
(See p. 428.)
YARMOUTH, Isle of Wight, Hants.
SIR HENRY WILLoug HBY, Bart.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 20, Cork-street.
Co. Se. Baldon House, Oxford.
CHARLEs-CoMPTon CAvendish, Esq.
To. Res. Burlington House, Piccadilly.
YORKSHIRE,
Viscount MoRPETH. (See p. 429.)
GEORGE STRICKLAND, Esq.
A Land Owner. -
Co. Se. Kildenly, Yorkshire.
SIR John-VANDEN-BEMPTDE
Johnston E, Bart. (See p. 429.)
To. Res. 60, Grosvenor-street.
Joh N-CHARLEs RAMSDEN, Esq.
(See p. 357.-MALTON.)
YORK, Yorkshire.
SAMUEL-ADLAM BAYNTUN, Esq.
(See p. 430.)
THE HoN. THoMAs DUNDAs.
(See p. 430.)
YOUGHALL, Corkshire, Ireland.
THE Hon. GEORGE Ponson BY.
(See p. 430.)
ALPHABETICAL LIST
or THE
MEMBERS OF THE LATE AND PRESENT
H O U S E O F C O M M O N S ;
WITH THE
NAMES OF PLACES REPRESENTED BY THEM
IN EACH
P A R LIAM E N T.
Abercromby, Hon. G. R. . . .
Acland, Sir Thomas D. . . .
A’Court, Edward-Henry . .
Acheson, Viscount . . . . .
Adam, Charles . - -
Adeane, H. J. . . . .
Agnew, Sir Andrew, Bart.
Alexander, James . .
Alexander, Josias Du Pre
Althorp, Rt. Hon. Viscount .
Anson, Sir G. . . . . .
Anson, Hon. George - - -
Antrobus, Gibbs Crawford . .
Apsley, Lord . . . . .
Arbuthnot, C. G. J. .
Arbuthnot, Hon. Hugh
Archdeckne, Andrew .
Archdall, Mervyn . . .
Ashley-Cooper, Hon. John
Ashley, Lord . . . . .
Astell, William . - - -
Astley, Sir Jacob D., Bart. .
Atherly, Arthur . . . .
Atkins, John - - - -
Attwood, Matthias . . . . .
Baillie, John . . . . .
Baillie, Hugh Duncan
Baillie, James Evan . . .
Bainbridge, Edward Thomas .
Baldwin, Charles Barry . .
Balfour, James . . . . .
Bankes, George . - - -
Bankes, Henry . . . . . .
A.D. 1830.
. Clackmannan, &c.
. Devonshire
. Heytesbury
. Armagh, county .
. Cambridgeshire
, Wigtonshire
. Sarum, Old
. Sarum, Old
. Northamptonshire
. Lichfield . .
. Yarmouth, Norfolk .
, Plympton-Earle .
. Cirencester .
, Dunwich . -
. Fermanagh, county
Dorchester -
. Bridgewater .
, Wiltshire . .
- - - - - -
. Boroughbridge
. Fortrose, &c. .
. Rye . . . .
. Bristol . . .
. Taunton
. Totness . .
. Crail, &c.
- Corfe Castle
. Dorsetshire -
. Heytesbury.
- Armagh, county.
Clackmannan, &c.
. Cambridgeshire.
. Wigtonshire.
. Sarum, Old.
. Sarum, Old.
. Northamptonshire.
Lichfield.
Yarmouth, Norfolk.
- Plympton-Earle.
- Cirencester.
Tregony.
. Kincardineshire.
Fermanagh, county.
Gatton.
- Dorchester.
. Bridgewater.
, Wiltshire.
Southampton.
. Arundel.
, Boroughbridge.


- - - - - -

, Bristol.
, Taunton.
. Totness.
. Haddingtonshire,
, Corfe Castle.
534 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
A.D. 1830. 1831.
Bankes, William John . . . . Marlborough . . . Marlborough.
Barham, John . . . . - - - - - - - Stockbridge.
Baring, Sir Thomas, Bart. . . . Wycombe . . . . Wycombe.
Baring, Alexander . . . . . . Callington . . . . Thetford.
Baring, Henry-Bingham . . . . - - - - - - Callington.
Baring, William Bingham . . . Callington . . . . . . . . . -
Baring, Francis Thornhill . . . Portsmouth . . . Portsmouth.
Baring, Francis, jun. . . . . . Thetford . . . . - - - - - -
Barne, Frederick . . . . . . Dunwich . . . . Dunwich.
Barnett, C. James . . . . . . . . . . . . Maidstone.
Bastard, John . . . . . . . Dartmouth . . . . Dartmouth.
Bateson, Sir R., Bart. . . . . Londonderry, county. Londonderry, county.
Bayntum, Samuel Adlam . . . York . . . . . York.
Beaumont, Thomas W. . . . . Northumberland . . Northumberland.
Beckett, Rt. Hon. Sir J., Bart. . . Haslemere . . . . Haslemere.
Belfast, Earl of . . - - . Antrimshire . . . Antrimshire.
Belgrave, Wiscount . . . . . . Cheshire . . . . Cheshire.
Bell, Matthew . . . . . . . Northumberland . . . . . . . .
Bennett, John . . . . . . . Wiltshire . . . . Wiltshire.
Bentinck, Lord George, F. C. . . King's Lynn . . . King's Lynn.
Beresford, Sir John P., Bart. . . Northallerton . . . Northallerton.
Beresford, Marcus . . . . . . Berwick . . . . Berwick.
Beresford, Lord George T. . . . Waterford, county . . . . . . . . .
Berkley, F. . . . . . . . . - - - - - - Gloucester.
Bernal, Ralph . . . . . . . Rochester . . . . Rochester.
Bernard, Thomas . . . . . . King's County . . King's County.
Bernard, Viscount . . . . . . Bandonbridge . . . Bandonbrid. (vacated.)
Best, Hon. W. S. . . . . . . - - - - - - St. Michael.
Bethel, Richard . . . . . . . Yorkshire . . . . . . . . . -
Biddulph, R. M. . . . . . . Denbigh, &c. . . Denbigh, &c.
Blackett, C. . . . . . . . . Beeralston . . . . . . . . . -
Blackney, Walter . - - - - - - - - Carlowshire.
Blair, W. . . . . . . . . Ayrshire . . . . Ayrshire.
Blake, Sir Francis, Bart. . . . Berwick . . . . Berwick.
Blamire, William . . . . . . . . . . . . Cumberland.
Blandford, Marquess of . . . . Woodstock . . . . . . . .
Blayney, Hon. C. D. . . . . . Monaghan, county Monaghan, county.
Blount, Edward . . . . . . Steyning . . . . Steyning.
Blunt, Sir C. R., Bart. . . . - - - - - - Lewes.
Bodkin, J. J. . . . . . . - - - - - - Galway.
Boldero, H. G. . . . . . . . - - - - - - Chippenham.
Bonham, Francis-Robert . . . . Rye . . . . . . - - - - - -
Borradaile, Richardson . . . . Newcastle-und.-Lyme . . . . . -
Bourne, Rt. Hon. W. Sturges . . Milborne Port (vaca.) - - - - - -
Bouverie, Hon. P. Pleydell . . . Cockermouth . . . Downton.
Bouverie, Hon. D. P. . . . Sarum, New . . . Sarum, New.
Boyle, Hon. J. . . . . . . . Cork, city . . . . Cork, city.
Boyle, Wiscount . . . . . . . Cork, county . . . Cork, county.
Brabazon, Lord . . . . . . . Dublin, county . . Dublin, county.
Bradshaw, Robert Haldane . . . Brackley . . . . Brackley.
Bradshaw, James . . . . . . Brackley . . . . Brackley.
Brayen, Thomas . . . . . - - - - - - Leominster.
Brecknock, Earl of . . . . . . . . . . . Dunwich.
Briscoe, John Ivatt . . . . . Surrey . . . . . Surrey.
Brogden, James . . . . . . Launceston . . . Launceston.
! Downton (vacated.)
Brougham, James . . . . . . Downton & Winchelsea.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 535
Brougham, William .
Browne, Hon. William . .
A.D. 1830. 1831.
- - - - - - - Southwark.
. Kerry, county - - - - - - -
. Mayo, county . . Mayo, county.
Browne, Dominick G. - -
Browne, James . . . . .
Browne, John .
Brownlow, Charles . . .
Bruce, C. L. Cumming . .
Bruce, Michael .
Brudenell, Lord .
Bruen, Henry - - -
Brydges, Sir John W. H.
Buck, Lewis W. . . . .
Bulkeley, Sir R. B. W., Bart.
Buller, Charles, jun. -
Buller, J. W. . .
Buller, Sir Anthony
Bulwer, E. E. L. . -
Bulwer, Henry Lytton . .
Bunbury, Sir H. E., Bart.
Burdett, Sir Francis, Bart. .
Burge W. . . . . . .
Burke, Sir John, Bart. .
Burrard, George . . . .
Burrell, Sir Charles M., Bart.
Burrell, Walter . . .
Burton, Henry . . . . .
Buxton, John J. . . .
Buxton, Thomas F. . . .
Byng, George . . . .
Byng, George Stevens
Calcraft, G. H. . - -
Calcraft, Rt. Hon. John
Callaghan, Daniel
Calley, Thomas . . . . .
Calthorpe, Hon. Frederick G.
Calvert, Charles. - -
Calvert, John . . . . .
Calvert, Nicholson . - -
Campbell, Archibald . . .
Campbell, Hon. G. P. . .
Campbell, John . . . .
Campbell, Walter F. . . .
Canning, Rt. Hon. Sir. S. .
Capel, John . . . . .
Carnegie, Sir James, Bart.
Carrington, Sir C. E. . . .
Carter, John B. . . . . .
Cartwright, W. Ralph . .
Castlereagh, Viscount . -
Cavendish, C. C. . . . .
Cavendish, Lord G. A. H. .
Cavendish, Henry F. C. .
Cavendish, W. . . . .
Cawthorne, John F. .
Cecil, Lord Thomas
Chandos, Marquess . . .
Chaplin, Charles . . .
-
-
- -
-
. Mayo, county . - - - - - - -
Mayoshire.
. Armagh, county.
Fortrose, &c.
• Armagh, county .
. Ivelchester .
. Fowey . . .
. Carlow, county
. Coleraine
. Exeter . . . .
. Beaumaris .
. Looe, West
. Fowey.
. Coleraine (ejected.)
. Exeter.
. Beaumaris.
. Exeter . . . . . Exeter.
- - - - - - - Looe, West.
- - - - - - - St. Ives.
. Wilton . . . . . Coventry.
. Suffolk . . . . . Suffolk.
... Westminster ... Westminster.
. Eye . . . . . . Eye.
. Galway, county . Galway, county.
, Lymington . Lymington.
. Shoreham . . . . Shoreham.
. Sussex (deceased) . . . . . . -
. Beverley . . . Beverley.
. Bedwin . . Bedwin.
... Weymouth, &c. .
. Middlesex .
. Milborne Port
... Weymouth, &c.
. Middlesex.
. Milborne Port.
- - - - - - - Wareham.
, Wareham . . . . Dorsetshire.
• Cork . Cork.
Cricklade.
. Bramber . .
. Southwark .
. Huntingdon - - - - - - -
. Hertfordshire . Hertfordshire.
. Glasgow, &c. . . . - - - - - -
. Nairn and Cromarty. - - - - - -
. Stafford . . Stafford.
. Argyleshire - Argyleshire.
- - - - - - Stockbridge.
. Queenborough.
- southwaii.
• Aberdeen, &c. . . . . . . . .
• St. Mawes . . . . . . . . . .
. Portsmouth . . Portsmouth.
. Northamptonshire . . . . . . .
. Downshire . . . . Downshire.
- - - - - - - Yarmouth, I. of Wight.
. Derbyshire . Derbyshire.
. Derby . Derby.
. Cambridge University Malton.
• Lancaster (deceased) . - - - - - -
. Stamford . . . . Stamford.
. Bucks . . . Bucks.
- Lincolnshire - --
- - - -
536
r
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Chaplin, Thomas . . . . .
Chapman, M. L. . . . . .
Chaytor, W. R. C. . . -
Chichester, Sir Arthur, Bart. .
Chichester, Arthur . . . . .
Chichester, J. P. B. . .
Cholmeley, Sir Montagu John, Bart. Grantham . .
Cholmondeley, Lord Henry . .
Churchill, Lord C. Spencer -
Clements, John Marcus . . .
Clerk, Sir George, Bart. . -
Clifford, Sir A. W. . . . . .
Clinton, Clinton James Fynes .
Clive, Wiscount . . . . . .
Clive, Hon. Robert H. . -
Clive, Henry . . -
Clive, Edward Bolto - -
Cockburn, Rt. Hon. Sir George.
Cockerell, Sir Charles, Bart. . . {
Cocks, James . . . .
Coke, Thomas Wenman . .
Colborne, Nicholas W. R. .
Cole, Hon. A. H. . . . .
Cole, Viscount . . . . .
Conolly, E. M. . . . . . . . .
Constable, Sir T. A. C., Bart. .
Cooke, Sir H. F. . . . .
Cooper, Edward S. . . .
Coote, Sir C. H., Bart.
Coote, Eyre . . . . .
Copeland, William-Taylor
Cornewall, Frederick H.
Corry, Viscount . . .
Corry, Hon. H. T. L. .
Cotterell, Sir J. G., Bart.
Courtenay, Rt. Hon. T. P.
Cradock, Sheldon
Cradock, Hon. J. R.
Crampton, P. C. .
Creevy, Thomas
Cripps, Joseph . . . . . . .
Croker, Rt. Hon. John Wilson
Cumming, Sir W. G., Bart. . .
Currie, John . . . . . . .
Curteis, Herbert Barrett . . .
-
-
-
-
-
Curzon, Hon. Robert . . .
Cust, Hon. Peregrine F. .
Cust, Hon. Edward . . . .
Dalrymple, Sir A. John, Bart. .
Darlington, Earl of .
Davidson, Duncan . . . . .
Davies, Thomas H. H. . . .
Davis, Richard Hart
Dawson, Rt. Hon. G. R. . . .
Dawson, A. . . . . .
A.D. 1830.
. Stamford . . .
... Westmeathshire
. Durham, city .
1831.
. Durham, city.
. Belfast . . . . . Belfast,
... Wexford, county . . Wexford, county.
- - - - - - Barnstaple.
. Castle Rising.
, Woodstock.
. Leitrim, county.
. Edinburgh, county.
. Castle Rising .
. Woodstock .
. Leitrim, county .
. Edinburgh, county
- - - - - - - Bandonbridge.
• Aldborough, Yorksh. Aldborough, Yorksh.
- Ludlow . . . . . Ludlow.
- Ludlow . . Ludlow.
. Montgomery
. Hereford . . . Hereford.
- Plymouth . . . Plymouth.
Evesham (return º
. . Montgomery.
----

allowed, on account of >Evesham.
notorious corruption
- Reigate . . . . . . . . . . .
- Norfolk . . . Norfolk.
. Horsham . . . . Horsham.
- Enniskillen . . . Enniskillen.
- - - - - - - Fermanaghshire.
- - - - - - - Donegalshire.
. Hedon . . . . . Hedon.
. Orford - - Orford.
. Sligo, county . .
- Queen’s County
. Clonmell
. Sligo, county.
• Queen's County.
. Clonmell.
- - - - - - - Coleraine.
, Bishop’s Castle . . - - - - - -
. Fermanagh, county . - - - - - -
. Tyrone, county - Tyrone, county,
. Herefordshire . . . - - - - - -
. Totness . . - Totness.
. Camelford . . - Camelford.
. Dundalk . . . . - - - - - -
. Saltash . . . . . Milborne-Port.
Downton.
. Cirencester.
. Aldeburgh, Suffolk.
Elgin, &c.
Hertford.
. Sussex.
. Clitheroe.
. Clitheroe.
. Lostwithiel.
. Haddington, &c.

Cirencestº. - -
. Aldeburgh, Suffolk
. Sussex . . .
. Clitheroe . .
. Clitheroe . .
. Lostwithiel . .
. Haddington, &c. .
. Saltash . . . . . - - - - - -
Nairn & Cromartyshires
. Worcester.

. Worcester . . .
. Bristol . . .
. Harwich -
. Louth, county
. Harwich.
. Louth, county.

THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.
537
Dawkins, John . . . . .
Denison, J. Evelyn . . .
Denison, William Joseph .
Denman, Sir Thomas . . .
Dering, Sir Edward C. .
Dick, Quintin - - -
Dickinson, William . .
Dixon, Joseph . . . .
Domville, Sir C., Bart. .
Dottin, A. R. . . . . .
Douglas, W. R. Keith . .
Douglas, Hon. Charles
Douro, Marquess of . . .
Dowdeswell, John Edmund .
Doyle, Sir J. Milley . -
Drake, Thomas Tyrwhitt .
Drake, W. T. . . . .
Drummond, Henry H. .
Duff, Hon. Alexander . . .
Dugdale, Dugdale Stratford .
Dugdale, William Stratford .
Duncannon, Viscount . .
Duncombe, Hon. Arthur .
Duncombe, Thomas Slingsby
Duncombe, Hon. William .
Dundas, Rt. Hon. William .
Dundas, Charles . . .
Dundas, Hon. Thomas . .
Dundas, Hon. Sir R. L. . .
Dundas, Hon. John C. .
Dundas, Hon. H. . . .
Dundas, Robert Adam .
East, J. Buller . . . .
East, Sir Edward H., Bart.
Easthope, John . . . .
Eastnor, Viscount . . .
Ebrington, Viscount . .
Egerton, Wilbraham .
Egerton, William Tatton -
Egerton, Sir P. D. M.G., Bart.
Eliot, Lord . . . . . .
Ellice, E. - - - - - -
Ellis, Hon. G. J. W. A. .
Ellis, Hon. Augustus F. . .
Ellis, Wynne . . . . .
Encombe, Wiscount . . .
Estcourt, Thomas Grimstone B.
Estcourt, Thomas H. S. B. .
Ettwall, Ralph . . . . .
Euston, Earl of . -
Evans, Delacy . . . . .
Evans, W. . . . . . .
Evans, W. Bertram . . .
Ewart, William . . . . .
Ewing, James . . . . .
A.D. 1830.
- - - - - -
. . Surrey . . .
. . Nottingham .
. . Maldon . . .
. . Somersetshire . .
. Plympton–Earle .
. . Southampton . .
- Dumfries, &c.
. Lanarkshire . .
. Aldeburgh, Suffolk
- Tewkesbury . .
• Agmondesham .
. . Agmondesham .
- Stirlingshire . .
- Elgin, &c. . . .
... Warwickshire . .
- Shaftesbury. -
. . Kilkenny, county
. . Bassetlaw . . .
. Hertford . .
. . Yorkshire . .
- Edinburgh .
. Berkshire -
. . York . . .
. . Richmond . .
- Richmond . . .
- Ipswich . . .
. Winchester . .
. . Hereford . . .
. Devonshire - -
. Cheshire .
. . Lymington . .
• Chester . . .
. . Liskeard .
. . Coventry . . .
. . Oakhampton
. Seaford (not duly elec)
. . Truro . . . .
- Oxford University
. Marlborough
. Bury's. Edmund's -
- ------
• Leicester . .
5 Liverpool (ejected on 2
Q account of bribery.)
, Wareham .
- Winchelsea (vacated.)
1831.
Wilton.
S Liverpool (vacated.)
2 Nottinghamshire.
. Surrey.
. Nottingham.
Romney.
. Maldon.
Glasgow, &c.
. Plympton-Earle (dece.)
, Dumfries, &c.
. Lanarkshire.
. Aldeburgh, Suffolk,
. Tewkesbury.
Carlowshire.
, Agmondesham.
. Agmondesham.

. York.
. Richmond.
. Richmond.
! Edinburgh, City.
Winchester.
Banbury."
. Hereford.
- Devonshire.

- - - - - -
. Coventry.
Leicester.
- Truro. -
- Oxford University.
- Marlborough.
Andover.
Rye.
. Leicester.
Leominster.

5 Liverpool.
- - - - - -
3 z

538
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Fane, Sir Henry . . . . .
Fane, John . . . . . .
Fane, John Thomas . . .
Fane, Hon. Henry Sutton . .
Fardell, John . . - -
Farrand, Robert . . . . .
Fazakerly, J. N. . . . . .
Fellowes, H. A. W. . . .
Ferguson, Sir Robert A. Bart.
Ferguson, Robert . . . .
Ferguson, Sir R. C. . .
Fergusson, Robt. Cutlar
Ferrand, Walker . . . .
Fitzgerald, Rt. Hon. W. V. .
Fitzgerald, Rt. Hon. M. . . .
Fitzgerald, Lord Wm. C. O’B.
Fitzgerald, John . . . .
Fitzgibbon, Hon. Richard H.
Fitzroy, C. Aug. . . .
Fitzroy, Lord Charles . .
Fitzroy, Lord James . .
Fleming, John . . . .
Foley, John H. H. . . .
Foley, Edw. Thos. . . .
Foley, Hon. Thomas Henry . .
Folkes, Sir W. J. H. B., Bt..
Forbes, Wiscount . . . .
Forbes, Sir Charles, Bt. . .
Forbes, John . . . . . .
Fordwich, Viscount . . . .
Forester, Hon. G. C. W. . .
Forster, James . . . . .
Fortescue, Hon. G. M. . .
Fox, Charles R. . . . . . .
Fox, Sackville Lane . . . .
Frankland, Sir Robert, Bart.
Freemantle, Sir Th., Fr. Bt. .
French, Arthur . . . . . .
Freshfield, James W. . .
Fyler, Thos. Bilcliffe . . .
Garlies, Viscount . . . .
Gascoyne, Isaac . . . . . .
Gilbert, Davies .
Gillon, W. D.
Gisborne, Thomas . -
Gladstone, J. . . . . . .
Godson, Richard . . .
Gordon, Robert . . . . .
Gordon, Hon. William . . .
Gordon, John . . . . .
Gordon, James Edward . .
Gordon, Sir Jas. W., Bt. .
Gordon, James Adam . . . .
Gore, W. O. . . . . . .
Goulbourn, Rt. Hon. Henry.
Gower, Lord Francis L. . .
Graham, Rt. Hon. Marquess of .
-
A.D. 1830.
. Hastings . . . .
. Oxfordshire
. Lyme Regis . .
. Lyme Regis .
- Lincoln . . .
. Hedon . . . .
. Peterborough . .
1831.
. Lyme Regis.
. Hedon.
. Peterborough.
Andover.
. Londonderry.
Dysart, &c.
. Nottingham.
. Kirkcudbright.
Londondemy . .
. Nottingham . .
. Kirkcudbright.
- - - - - - - Tralee.
. Lostwithiel (vacated.) Ennis.
. Kerry, county . . . - - - - - -
. Kildare, county . .
. Seaford . . . .
• Limerick, county . Limerick, county.
- - - - - - - Bury St. Edmunds.
. Thetford . . . . - - - - - -
- - - - - - - Thetford.
• Hampshire . . . - - - - - -
. Droitwich - . Droitwich.
. Ludgershall . . Ludgershall.
. Worcestershire . . Worcestershire.
. Norfolk . . . Norfolk.
. Longford, county . . Longford, county.
. Malmesbury . . . Malmesbury.
. Malmesbury . . . Malmesbury.
. Canterbury . . Canterbury.


... Wenlock . ... Wenlock.
- - - - - - - Bridgenorth.
. Hindon . . - - - - - - -
- - - - - - - Calne
- - - - - - - Helston
. Thirsk Thirsk
. Buckingham . .
. Roscommon . .
. Penryn . . .
. Coventry -
. Cockermouth . .
• Liverpool . . .
. Bodmyn . .
. Buckingham.
. Roscommon.
. Penryn.
- - - - - -
Bodmyn.
- - - - - - - Selkirk, &c.
. Stafford . . . . Stafford.
. Queenborough . . . - - - - - -
- - - - - - St. Albans.
. Cricklade.
. Aberdeenshire.
... Weymouth, &c.
. Aberdeenshire
... Weymouth, &c. .
- - - - - - - Dundalk.
. Launceston (vacated.) - - - - - -
. Tregony . . - - - - - -
. Carnarvon . . - - - - - - -
. Armagh . Cambridge University.
. Sutherland, county . . . . . .
. Cambridge, borough . Cambridge, borough.

THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 539
A.D. 1830. 1831.
Graham, Rt. Hon. Sir J. R. G., Bt. Cumberland . . . . Cumberland.
Graham, Lord Mon. W. . .
Graham, Sir Sandford, Bt.
Grant, Rt. Hon. Charles .
Grant, Hon. Francis W. .
Grant, Sir Alexander C., Bart.
Grant, Rt. Hon. Robert
Grant, Sir Colquhoun . . .
Grattan, James . . . . .
Greene, Thomas . . . .
Gresley, Sir R., Bart. .
Greville, Hon. Sir C. J.
Grimston, Viscount - -
Grosvenor, Hon. Robert . .
Guest, Josiah, John . -
Guise, Sir B. W., Bart. . .
Gunning, Sir R. H., Bart. .
Gurney, Hudson . . . .
Gurney, Richard Hanbury
Hall, Benjamin . . . . .
Halse, James . . . . .
Handcock, Richard . -
Handley, W. F. . . . .
Hanmer, Henry . . . . .
Harcourt, G. Granville . .
Hardinge, Rt. Hon. Sir H. .
Harris, George . . .
Hart, Geo. Vaughan .
Harty, Sir R., Bart. . .
Harvey, Daniel Whittle -
Hastings, Sir C. Abney, Bart.
Hawkins, J. H. . . . .
Hay, Lord J. . . . .
Hayes, Sir E. S., Bart.
Heathcote, G. J. . . . .
Heathcote, Sir Gilbert, Bt. .
Heathcote, Sir W., Bt. . .
Heneage, G. F. . . .
Herbert, Hon. E. C. H. .
Heron, Sir Robert, Bt. .
Herries, Rt. Hon. John C.
Heywood, Benjamin -
Hill, Lord Arthur M. W.
Hill, Lord G. A. . . .
Hill, Sir Rowland, Bt. .
Hobhouse, John Cam .
Hodges, Thomas Law.
Hodgson, Frederick
Hodgson, John . . .
Holdsworth, Arthur H.
Holmesdale, Viscount .
Holmes, William . . .
-
-
. Dumbartonshire . . Dumbartonshire.
. Ludgershall . . . Ludgershall.
. Inverness, county . . Inverness, county.
. Elgin, county . . . Elgin, county.
... Westbury . . . . - - - - - -
. Norwich . . . . Norwich.
- - - - - - - Queenborough.
. Wicklow, county . . Wicklow, county.
. Lancaster . . . . Lancaster.
Durham (ejected º
account of irre- - - - - - -
gularity.)
Romney, New . . - - - - - -
. Warwick . . . . - - - - - -
. St. Albans . . . . Newport, Cornwall.
. Chester . . . . . Chester.
. Honiton . . . . - - - - - -
. Gloucestershire . . Gloucestershire.
. Northampton . . . . . . . . . .
. Newtown, Hants . . Newtown, Hants.
. Norwich . . . . Norwich.
- - - - - - - Monmouth, &c. (eject.)
- - - - - - - St. Ives.
. Athlone . . . . Athlone.
. Newark . . . . . Newark.
- - - - - - - Westbury (vacated.)

- - - - - - Oxfordshire.
St. Germans (vaca.)
} Newport, Cornwall { Newport, Cornwall.
. Grimsby, Great . . Grimsby, Great.
. Donegalshire .
- - - - - - - Dublin, City (ejected.)
. Colchester . . . . Colchester.
. Leicester . . . . - - - - - -
. St. Michael . . . Tavistock.
. Haddingtonshire . - - - - - -
- - - - - - - Donegalshire.
- - - - - - - Boston.
. Rutlandshire . . . Rutlandshire.
• Hampshire . .
- - - - - - - Lincoln.
- - - - - - - Callington.
. Peterborough . . . Peterborough.
. Harwich . . . . Harwich.
- - - - - - - Lancashire.
. Down, county . . Down, county.
. Carrickfergus . . . Carrickf. (deceased.)
. Shropshire . . . . Shropshire.
... Westminster . . . Westminster.
. Kent . . . . . Kent.
- - - - - - - Barnstaple.
. Newcastle-upon-Tyne Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
. Dartmouth . . . . Dartmouth.
. Grinstead, East . . Grinstead, East.
. Haslemere . . . . Haslemere.

Hope, Hon. Sir Alex, Bar... . . Linlithgowshire . . Linlithgowshire.
540
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Hope, Henry Thomas . .
Hope, John Thomas . . .
Horne, Sir William, Kt. . .
Hort, Sir J. W., Bart. . .
Hoskins, Kedgwin . . . .
Hotham, Rt. Hon. Baron . .
Houldsworth, Thomas
Howard, Henry . . . . .
Howard, Hon. F. G. . . .
Howard, Ralph . . . . .
Howard, Philip Henry . .
Howard, Hon. William
Howick, Viscount . . .
Hoy, John Barlow .
Hudson, Thomas . . .
Hughes, James . . . .
Hughes, William Lewis .
Hughes, William Hughes .
Hulse, Sir Charles, Bt. . .
Hume, Joseph . . . -
Hunt, Henry . . .
Hutchinson, John Hely
Ingestrie, Wiscount . .
Ingilby, Sir W. A., Bt.
Inglis, Sir R. H., Bt. . -
Innes, Sir H., Bart. . . .
Irving, John . - - -
James, William . . . .
Jeffrey, Rt. Hon. F. . . .
Jenkins, Richard . . .
Jephson, Charles D. O. .
Jermyn, Earl . . . . .
Jerningham, Hon. H. W. S. .
Johnston, Andrew . . . .
Johnston, James. . . . .
Johnstone, J. J. H. . . .
Johnstone, Sir J. V. B. Bart.
Jolliffe, Sir W. G. Hylton, Bt.
Jolliffe, Gilbert East
Jolliffe, Hylton . . . . .
Jones, John . . . . . .
Jones, Theobald . . . .
Kavanagh, Thomas . . .
Kearsley, J. H. . . . . .
Keck, Geo. Ant. Legh
Kemmis, Thomas Arthur
Kemp, T. R. . . .
Kennedy, Thomas F. .
Kennedy, Lord .
Kenyon, Hon. Lloyd . . .
Kerrison, Sir Edward, Bt. .
Kilderbee, Spencer Horsey
Killeen, Lord . . . .
1831.
. Looe, East.
. Oakhampton.
. Newton, I. of Wight.
* Kildareshire.
Herefordshire.
A.D. 1830.
. Looe, East .
. Gatton . . . .
. Bletchingley .
. Leominster . . . - - - - - -
. Newton, Lancashire . Newton, Lancashire.
. Shoreham . . . Shoreham.
. Castle Rising . . . Castle Rising.
. Wicklow, county . Wicklow, county.
. Carlisle . . . . . Carlisle.
. Morpeth . Morpeth.
. Higham Ferrers . . Northumberland.
. Southampton . . .

Evesham.
Grantham.
. Wallingford.
. Oxford City.
. Looe, West.
. Middlesex.
• Preston.
- - - - - - - - Tipperaryshire
. Hertford . . . Armagh.
, Lincolnshire . . Lincolnshire.
. Oxford University . Oxford University.
Sutherlandshire,
. Bramber.
- - - - - -
. Oxford City .
. Looe, West. .
. Middlesex . .
. Preston .

. Bramber
- - - - - - - Carlisle.
}º &c. (ejected) } Malton (vacated.)
Malton . . . . & Forfar, &c.
. Shrewsbury . . . Shrewsbury.
. Mallow . . . Mallow.
. Bury St. Edmund's . Bury St. Edmund’s,
, Pontefract . . . . Pontefract.
- - - - - - Crail, &c.
. Inverkeithing, &c.
. Dumfries, county.
. Yorkshire.
. Petersfield.
. Dumfries, county.
. Yorkshire . .
, Petersfield . .
. Petersfield .
. Carmarthen . . .
. Londonderry, county. Londonderry, county
- - - - - -
. Carlow, county . . . . . . . . -
. Wigan . . . . . Wigan
. Leicestershire . . . . . . . .
. Looe, East .
. Lewes . . . .
. Ayr, &c. . .
Evesham (return dis-
allowed, on account
of motorious corrup-
. Lewes.
. Ayr, &c.
- - - - - -
tion.
. St. Michael , St. Michael.
. Eye . . Eye.
. Orford . Orford.
. Meath, county . Meath, county,
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.
541
King, Edward Bolton .
King, Sir J. Dashwood, Bt.
King, Hon. Robert . .
King, Hon. H. . . . .
Knatchbull, Sir Edw., Bt.
Knight, Henry Galley . .
Knight, J. Lewis . . .
Knight, Robert . . . .
Knox, Hon. J. J. . . .
Knox, Hon. Thomas . .
Knox, Hon. John H.
Labouchere, Henry . . .
Lamb, Hon. George
Lambert, Henry . . .
Lambert, James S. . . .
Langton, W. Gore .
Langston, James H.
Lascelles, Hon. Henry
Lascelles, Hon. W. S. .
Lawley, Francis .
Leader, N. P. . .
Lee, John Lee .
Lefevre, C. S. . .
Lefroy, Anthony
Lefroy, Thomas -
Legh, Thomas . . .
Lemon, Sir Charles, Bt.. .
Lennard, Thomas B. . .
Lennox, Lord Arthur .
Lennox, Lord John G. .
Lennox, Lord William Pitt
Leslie, Charles Powell .
Lewis, Right Hon. T. F.
Lindsay, James . . . .
Lister, Benjamin Lister .
Littleton, Edward John .
Lloyd, Sir Edward Pryce, Bt.
Loch, John . .
Loch. James . . . .
Lopez, Sir R. Franco .
Lott, Henry Baines , .
Loughborough, Lord . .
Lovaine, Lord . . . .
Lowther, Rt. Hon. Viscount .
Lowther, Hon. Hen. C.
Lowther, Sir John, Bt.
Lowther, John H. . .
Lumley, J. S. . . . .
Lushington, James Law .
Lushington, Stephen . .
Luttrell, J. Fownes . .
Lygon, Hon. Henry B.
Lyon, David . . . . .
Lyons, William . .
Maberly, John
Maberly, W. Leader
-
A.D. 1830.
- - - - - -
1831.
Warwick.
Cork, cºunty.
- Cork, county -
. Sligo, county .
. Kent . . . . - - - - - - -
Malton.
- - - - - - - Bishop's Castle.
... Wallingford . , Wallingford.
- Dungannon . . . Dungannon.
- Dunganmon (vacated)

- - - - - - -
- - - - - -
. Newry . . . . . Newry.
- Taunton . . . . Taunton.
. Dungarvon . . . Dungarvon.
- - - - - - - Wexfordshire.
- Galway, county . . Galway, county.
Somersetshire.
Oxford, city .
- Northallerton -
, Oxford, city.
. Galway, county.
Northallerton.
. Warwickshire.
. Kilkenny.
, Wells.
• Hampshire.
. Kilkenny . . .
... Wells . . -
- Downton . . .
- Longfordshire . . . Longfordshire.
- Dublin University . Dublin University.
. Newton, Lancashire . Newton, Lancashire.
. Penryn . . . . Cornwall.

- Maldon . . . . Maldon,
- - - - - - - Chichester.
- Chichester . . . . Sussex.
- - - - - -
- New Ross . . .
- Radnorshire . .
- Wigan . . .
- Poole . . . .
. Staffordshire . .
- Flint, &c. . .
King's Lynn.
. Radnorshire.
. Fifeshire.
, Poole.
. Staffordshire.
. Flint, &c.

- Hythe . . . . . Hythe.
- Kirkwall, &c. . . Kirkwall, &c.
- - - - - - - Westbury.
- - - - - - - Honiton.
. Dysart, &c. - - - - - - -
- - - - - - Beeralston.
... Westmoreland.
- - - -
... Westmoreland .
. Cumberland -
. Wigtown, &c. .
. Nottinghamshire . . Nottinghamshire.
. Carlisle . . . . . . . . . . .
--- - Winchelsea (vacated.
. Winchelsea . . } Ivelchester. ( )
. Minehead . . Minehead.
. Worcestershire . . - - - - - -
. Beeralston . . . Beeralston.
. Seaford . . . . Seaford.
. Abingdon . . Abingdon.
Shaftesbury.
542
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Macaulay, T. B. .
M“Clintock, John . . .
Macdonald, Sir James, Bt.
Mackenzie, J. A. S. . .
Mackenzie, Sir J. W., Bt.
Mackillop, James . . .
Mackinnon, Charles
Mackinnon, W. Alex. . .
Mackintosh, Rt. Hon. Sir J.
M“Namara, W. N. . . .
Mahon, Viscount . . . .
Mahon, J. P. O'Gorman
Maitland, Viscount . . .
Maitland, Hon. Ant. . -
Malcolm, Sir John . . . .
Malcolm, Neill, jun. . .
Mandeville, Viscount . .
Mangles, James . . . .
Manners, Lord Robert .
Marjoribanks, Stewart
Marryatt, Joseph . . .
Marshall, William . .
Martin, Sir Thomas B.
Martin, John . . . .
Maule, Hon. William R.
Maxwell, Henry . . . .
Mayhew, W. . . . .
Mexborough, Earl of, I. P.
Meynell, Henry . . . .
Milbank, Mark . . . . .
Mildmay, Paulet St. John
Miles, Philip J. . . -
Miles, William . . . . .
Miller, W. H. . . . . .
Mills, John . . . . . .
Milton, Viscount . . . .
Monteith, Henry . . . .
Montgomery, Sir George, Bt.
Moore, Geo. . . . . -
Morgan, Sir C. Bt. . . .
Morgan, Charles M. R. . .
Morrison, John . - -
Morrison, James . .
Morpeth, Viscount . . . .
Morton, Hon. H. G. F. . .
Mostyn, Sir Thomas, Bart. .
Mostyn, E. M. Lloyd . .
Mount, William . . . .
Mountcharles, Earl of .
Mullins, Hon. Frederick .
Mundy, F. . . . . . .
Murray, Rt. Hon. Sir G., Bt.
Musgrave, Sir R., Bart. . .
Neeld, Joseph
Newark, Viscount . -
Newport, Rt. Hon. Sir J.
-
A.D. 1830,
. Calne
. Louth county .
. Calne . . .
. Ross, county of
. Tregony
. Ipswich . . .
. Knaresborough
. Clare, county .
. Wootton Basset
. Appleby
. Berwickshire .
Boston .. - -
. Huntingdonshire
. Leicestershire .
. Hythe
, Sandwich
. Leominster .
. Plymouth .
. Tewkesbury
. Forfar, county
. Cavan, county
. Colchester .
. Lisburne
. Camelford .
. Winchester .
. Corfe Castle .
. Romney .
. Newcastle-und.-Lyme Newcastle-und.-Lyme.
}
Peebles, cº, (deceased.)
. Selkirk, &c.
. Peebles, county
. Dublin .
. Monmouthshire
. Brecon . .
. Banffshire .
. St. Ives . .
. Yorkshire . .
. Flintshire
- - - - - -
- Chippenian -
. Bassetlaw . .
... Waterford .
1831.
. Calne.
- Hampshire.
Ross, county of.
- Tregony. -
- Lymington.
. Knaresborough.
. Clare, county.
. Wootton Basset.
. Clare, county (ejected.)
. Appleby.
. Berwickshire.
Launceston.
Huntigionshire.
Guildford.
Hythe."
. Sandwich.
. Beverley.
. Plymouth.
. Tewkesbury.
. Forfar, county.
. Cavan, county.
. Colchester.
Pontefract.
- Lisburne.
. Camelford.
. Winchester.
. Corfe Castle.
• Romney.

Rochester
Northamptonshire.
. Brecon.
. Banffshire.
. Ipswich.
. Yorkshire.
Gloucestershire.
Flintshire.
Newport, I. of Wight.
Kerryshire.
. Perthshire.
Waterfordshire.
. Chippenham.
. Bassetlaw.
, Waterford,
Higham-Ferrers (vac.)
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.
543
Nicholl, Rt. Hon. Sir John .
Noel, Sir Gerard N., Bart. . .
Norreys, Lord . . . . .
North, Frederick . . . .
North, John Henry . . .
Norton, C. F. . . . . . .
Nowell, Alexander . . . . .
Nugent, Rt. Hon. Baron . .
Nugent, Sir George, Bart.
O’Brien, William Smyth
O'Connell, Daniel . -
O'Connell, M. . . . .
O'Connor, Denis . . . . .
O’Connor, Owen . . .
O'Ferrall, R. More . .
Offley, F. C. . . .
Ogilvie, J. . . . . . . .
Ogle, Sir Charles, Bart. . . .
O'Grady, Hon. Standish . .
O'Hara, James . . . . .
O'Neil, Hon. John, R. B. . .
Ord, William . . . .
Osborne, Lord F. G.
Ossory, Earl of .
Owen, Sir John, Bart. .
Owen, Hugh Owen
Oxmantown, Lord . . . .
Paget, Hon. Sir Charles . .
Paget, Thomas . . . . . .
Palk, Sir Lawrence V., Bart. .
Palmer, Charles F. - -
Palmer, Robert . . . . . .
Palmer, Charles . . . .
Palmerston, Rt. Hon. Viscount .
Patten, J. W. . . .
Payne, Sir P., Bart. . .
Peach, N. W. . . . .
Pearse, John . . . . . . .
Pechell, Sir Samuel J. B., Bart.
Peel, Edmund . . . . . .
Peel, Jonathan . . .
A.D. 1830.
. Bedwin . .
. Rutlandshire .
. Oxfordshire
. Drogheda - -
Aylesbury ..
. Buckingham
. Ennis
1831.
. Bedwin.
. . Rutlandshire.
Hastings.
. . Drogheda.
Guildford.
Westmoreland.
. . Aylesbury.
. Buckingham.
- - - - - -
. Waterford, county . Kerryshire.
. Clareshire . .
. Roscommon
. Kildare, county
. Forfar, &c. . .
. Portarlington .
. Limerick, county
. Galway . . .
• Antrim, county
. Morpeth
. Cambridgeshire
. Kilkenny, county
. Pembrokeshire
. Pembroke, &c.
. King's County
. Ashburton -
. Reading
. Berkshire .
• Bath . .
. . Clareshire.
Roscommon.
- Roscommon (deceased.)
. Kildare, county.
Chester.
. . Limerick, county.
• Antrim, county.
. . Morpeth.
. Cambridgeshire.
. Kilkenny, county.
. . Pembrokeshire.
. Pembroke, &c.
. . King's County.
Carnarvon, &c.
Leicestershire.
• Reading.

. . Bath.'
. Cambridge University Bletchingley.
Parnell, Rt. Hon. Sir Henry, Bart. Queen's County
. Lancashire .
. Truro . . .
. Devizes . .
. Helston .
Peel, Right Hon. Sir Robert, Bart Tamworth . .
Peel, William Yates . .
Pelham, John C. . .
Pelham, Hon. Charles A.
Pemberton, Thomas
Pendarves, E. W. W.
Penleaze, J. Storey . . .
Pennefather, Matthew .
Penrhyn, Edward . . .
Penruddocke, John H. . . .
Pepys, C. C. . . . . . . .
Perceval, Spencer
Percival, Alexander . .
Perrin, Louis -
Petit, Louis Hayes .
w. .
. Queen's County.
Bedfordshire.
. Truro.
. Devizes.

Newcasiºund-Lyme.
Huntingdon.
. Tamworth.
. Yarmouth, I. of Wight Cambridge University.
. Shropshire . .
. Newtown, Hants .
Cornwaii ".
cashi". . .
. Shaftesbury .
. Wilton .
- - - - - -
. Shropshire.
- Lincolnshire.
Rye.
. Cornwall.
Southampton.
. Cashel (vacated.)
. Shaftesbury.
. Wilton.
Higham-Ferrers.
Tiverton.
Sligoshire.
Dublin, city (ejected.)
. Ripon.
544 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
A.D. 1830. 1831.
Petre, Hon. E. R. . . . . . . - - - - - - Ivelchester.
Philipps, Sir Richard, B., Bar . Haverfordwest . . Haverfordwest.
Philips, C. March . . . . . . - - - - - - Leicestershire.
Philips, George Richard . . . Steyning . . . . Steyning.
Philpotts, John . . . . . . . Gloucester . . . . - - - - - -
Phipps, Hon. Edmund . Scarborough . . . Scarborough.
Pigott, George G. V. . . • St. Mawes . . . . St. Mawes.
Pitt, Joseph . . . . . . Cricklade -
Planta, Joseph . . . . Hastings .
Polhill, F. . . - - . . Bedford . . Bedford.
Pollen, Sir John W., Bart. . Andover -
Pollington, Wiscount - - - - - - - - Gatton.
Pollock, Frederick . . . - - - - - - - Huntingdon.
Ponsonby, Hon. W. F. S. - Poole . . . . . Poole.
Ponsonby, Hon. G. . . . . . Youghall . . . . Youghall.
Ponsonby, Hon. J. G. B. - - - - - - - - Bletchingly (vacated.)
Porchester, Lord . . . - - - - - - - - Wootton Basset.
Portman, Edward Berkeley . Dorsetshire . . . . Dorsetshire.
Powell, William Edward . . . Cardiganshire . . . Cardiganshire.
Power, Robert . . . . - - - - - - - - Waterfordshire.
Powlett, Lord W. J. F. . . . Durham, county . . - - - - - -
Poyntz, W. S. . . . . . . Ashburton . . . . Ashburton.
Praed, W. M. . . . . . . . St. Germans . . . St. Germans.
Prendergast, Michael George. ... Westbury . . . . . . . . . .
Price, Sir Robert, Bart. . . . . Herefordshire . . . Herefordshire.
Price, Richard . . . . . . . Radnor, New, &c. . Radnor, New, &c.
Price, Samuel Grove . . . . . Sandwich . . . . . . . . . -
Pringle, Alexander . . . . . . . Selkirkshire . . . Selkirkshire.
Pringle, Sir William Henry . . . Liskeard . . . . Liskeard.
Prittie, Hon. Francis A. - . Tipperaryshire . . - - - - - -
Protheroe, Edward . .
Pryse, Pryse . . . . . .

.
. Cardigan, &c. . . . Cardigan, &c.
Pusey, Philip . . . . . . , Chippenham . . . Cashel.
Rae, Rt. Hon. Sir W., Bart. . Bute and Caithness . Portarlington.
Raine, Jonathan . . . . . . Newport, Cornwall - Newport, Cornw. (dec.)
Ramsay, W. R. . . . . - - - - - - - Stirlingshire.
Ramsbottom, John . . . . . Windsor . . . . Windsor.
Ramsden, John Charles . . . Malton . . . . . Yorkshire.
Reid, Sir J. R., Bart. • . . Dover . . . . .
Rice, Thomas Spring . . . . Limerick . . . . Limerick.
Rickford, William . . . . . Aylesbury . . . . Aylesbury.
Rider, Thomas . . . . . . . - - - - - - Kent.
Ridley, Sir Matthew White, Bart. . Newcastle-upon-Tyne Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Robarts, Abraham W. . . . . Maidstone . . . . Maidstone.
Roberts, Wilson A. . . . . . Bewdley . . . . Bewdley.
Robinson, Sir George, Bart. . . . Northampton . . . Northampton.
Robinson, G. R. . . . . . . Worcester . . . . Worcester.
Rochfort, Gustavus . . Westmeath, county . Westmeath, co.
Rogers, Edward . . . . . Bishop’s Castle . . Bishop's Castle.
Rooper, John B. . - - - - - - - - Huntingdonshire.
Rose, George P. . . . . . . Christchurch . . . Christchurch
Rose, Rt. Hon. Sir George H., Kt. Christchurch . . . Christchurch.
Ross, Charles - - - . . St. Germans . . . St. Germans.
Ross, Horatio . . . . . . . - - - - - - Aberdeen, &c.
Rumbold, Charles E. . . . . . Yarmouth, Norfolk . Yarmouth, Norfolk.

"T", ºr: star. Tavistock (vacated.)
Russel, Rt. Hon. Lord John . . . Tavistock { Devonshire.
- - - - - -

THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 545
A.D. 1830. 1831.
. Tavistock . . . . Tavistock.
. Thirsk . . . . . Thirsk.
. Kinsale . . . . . Kinsale.
. Durham, county . . Durham, county.
. . Reading . . . . Reading.
Ruthven, E. S. . . . . . . Downpatrick . . . Downpatrick.
Ryder, Hon. G. D. . . . . Tiverton - - Tiverton.
St. Paul, Sir H. D. Chol, Bart. . Bridport . . . . Bridport.
Russell, Lord William
Russell, R. G. . .
Russell, John . -
Russell, W. . . . .
Russell, Charles . .
Sadler, Michael T. . . . . . . Newark . . . . Aldborough, York.
Sandon, Viscount . . . . . . Tiverton . - - - - - - - -
Sanford, Edward Ayshford . . . Somersetshire . . . Somersetshire.
Saunderson, Alexander. . . Cavan, county . . . - - - - - -
Scarlett, Sir James . . . . . . Malton . . . . . Cockermouth.
Schonswar, George . . . . . . Kingston-upon-Hull. Kingston-upon-Hull.
Scott, Sir E. D., Bart. . . . . . - - - - - - Lichfield.
Scott, Sir Samuel, Bart. . . . . Whitchurch . . . Whitchurch.
Scott, Henry F. . . . . . . . Roxburghshire . . Roxburghshire.
Sebright, Sir John S., Bart. . . . Hertfordshire . . . Hertfordshire.
Sefton, Rt. Hon. Earl of . . . . Droitwich .
Seymour, Horace B. . . . . . Bodmyn .
Seymour, Lord . . . . . . . Oakhampton
Severn, J. C. . . . . . . . Fowey -
Shaw, F. . . . . . . Dublin, city
. . Bodmyn."
. . Fowey."
- - - - - - - -
-
Shelley, Sir John, Bart. . Lewes . - - - - - - - -
Shelley, John Williers . . . Gatton . . . . \ Grimsby, Great (eject.)
- - Milborne Port (vac.
shiel, R. L. . . . . . . . . Milbone Port. . ; i. (vac.)
Shirley, Evelyn J. . . . . . . Monaghanshire . . - - - - - -
Sibthorp, Charles D. W. . . . Lincoln . . . . . Lincoln.
Sinclair, George . . . . . . . - - - - - - Bute & Caithnessshires.
Skipwith, Sir G., Bart. . . . . -- - - - - - Warwickshire.
Slaney, R. A. . . . . . . . Shrewsbury . . . Shrewsbury.
Smith, Hon. Robert J. . . . . Bucks . . . . Wycombe.
Smith, George Robert . . . . . Midhurst . . . Midhurst.
Smith, Thomas A. . . . . . . Andover . - - - - - - - -
Smith, Samuel . . . . . . . Wendover . . . . Wendover.
Smith, John . . . . . . . . Chichester . . . . Buckinghamshire.
Smith, Abel . . . . . . . . Wendover . . . Wendover.
Smith, M. Tucker . . . . . - - - - - - Midhurst.
Smith, R. V. . . . . . . . Tralee . . . . . Northampton.
Smith, John Abel . . . . . . Midhurst . . Chichester.
Smith, Sir C. E., Bart. . . . . Pontefract .
Somerset, Lord Granville C. H. . . Monmouthshire
Somerset, Lord R. E. H. . . . . Gloucestershire
. Monmouthshire.
Somerville, Sir M., Bart. . . . . Meathshire . . . Meathshire (deceased.)
Sotheron, Frank . . - - . Nottinghamshire . . - - - - - -
Spence, George . . . . . Ripon . . . . . Ripon.
Spencer, Hon. F. . . . . . . . . . . . . Worcestershire.
Spottiswoode, Andrew . . . . Colchester (vacated) . . . . . . . .
Stanhope, R. H. . - - - - - - - - - Dover.
Stanley, Edward John . - - Hindon.

Stanley, Lord . . . . . . . . Lancashire. . . .iancashire.
Stanley, Rt. Hon. Edward G. S. . Windsor. . . . . Windsor.
Stanley, W. S. . . . . . . . Stockbridge . . . . . . . . . .
Staunton, Sir G. T. . . . . . Heytesbury . . . Heytesbury.
Stephens, S. L. . . . . . . . Barnstaple . . . . - - - - - -
Stephenson, H. F. . . . . . . - - - - - - Westbury.
4 A
546
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Steuart, Robert . . . . . .
Stewart, Sir Michael S., Bart. .
Stewart, Edward . . . . .
Stewart, P. M. . . . . . .
Stewart, Sir Hugh, Bart. . . .
Stormont, Wiscount . . -
Strathaven, Lord . . . . .
Strickland, George . . . . .
Strutt, Edward . - - -
Stuart, Charles . . . . . .
Stuart, James . . . . .
Stuart, Lord Patrick J. H. C.
Stuart, W. . . . . -
Stuart, Henry Williers . . -
Stuart, Lord D. C. . . . .
Sugden, Sir E. B. . - -
Sumner, G. H. . . . . . .
Surrey, Earl of . . . . . .
Sutton, Rt. Hon. C. M. . . .
Sykes, Daniel . . . .
Talbot, C. R. M. . . . .
Tavistock, Marquess of . .
Taylor, George W. . . . .
Taylor, Michael-Angelo . .
Tennant, C. .
Tennyson, Charles . .
Thicknesse, Ralph . -
Thompson, William . . .
Thompson, G. L. . . . .
Thompson, Paul Beilby . . .
1831.
Haddington, &c. (ejec.)
. Renfrewshire.
Wigton, &c.
. Lancaster.
Tyrone, county.
Woodstock.
A.D. 1830.
. Renfrewshire . .
. Lancaster . . .
. Tyrone, county . .
. Aldborough, Yorksh.

. Huntingdonshire . . . . . . . .
- - - - - - - Yorkshire.
. Derby . . Derby.
- - - - - - Penryn.
. Cardiff, &c. - Cardiff, &c.
. Bedfordshire . . . - - - - - -
• Banbury . . . . . . . . . .
• Arundel . . Arundel.
... Weymouth, &c. . . St. Mawes.
. Guildford . - - - - - - - -
. Horsham.
. Scarborough.
- Horsham . .
- Scarborough .
. Beverley
. Glamorganshire
. Bedfordshire
- - - - -
. Bedfordshire.
• Devizes . . . . Devizes.
. Durham, city . - - - - - - -
. St. Albans . - - - - - - -
. Bletchingley . }º (vacated.)
- - - - - - - Wigan.
. London . . London.
- Yarmouth, i. of wight - - - - - -
... Wenlock . . ... Wenlock.
Thomson, Rt. Hon. Charles Poulett Dover . . . , Dover.
Throckmorton, R. G. . . . - - - - - - - Berkshire.
Thynne, Lord Edward . - - - - - - - Weobly.
Thynne, Lord W. . . . . ... Weobly . . . - - - - - - -
Thynne, Rt. Hon. Lord John - Bath . . . Bath.
Thynne, Lord Henry F. . ... Weobly. ... Weobly.
Tomes, John . . . . . . - Warwick . . Warwick.
Tomline, W. E. . . . . . . Minehead . . - - - - - - -
Torrens, Robert . . . . . . . - - - - - - Ashburton
Tottenham, Charles . . . . - - New Ross.
Townshend, Lord James N. B. B. . Helsion. - - -
Townshend, Lord C. W. F.
Townshend, Hon. J. R.
Townshend, Hon. H. G. P.
Trail, George, jun. .
Trant, William Henry . . .
Trench, Frederick W. . . .
Trevor, Hon. G. Rice-Rice . .
Trevor, Hon. A. . . . .
Troubridge, Sir E. T., Bart.
Tudor, George . - - -
Tufton, Hon. Henry . . . .
Tullamore, Lord . . . . .
Tunno, Edward Rose . . .
Twiss, Horace . . . . . .
. Helston.
- Tamworth . . . . Tamworth.
Whitchurch (now )
Viscount Sidney) { - - - - - -
... Whitchurch . . Whitchurch.
. Orkney and Shetland Orkney and Shetland.
- - - - - - - - Oakhampton (vacated.)
- Cambridge, borough . Cambridge, borough.
. Carmarthenshire . - - - - - -
. Romney (vacated) . Durham, city.
- - - - - - - Sandwich.
. Barnstaple . . . . . . . . . .
. Appleby Appleby
. Carlow . . . . . Carlow
• Bossiney . . . . Bossiney.
. Newport, I. of Wight
THE
547
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
Tynte, C. K. K. . .
Tyrrell, Charles . . .
Tyrrell, J. T. - -
Ure, Masterton . . . . .
Uxbridge, Earl of . . .
Valentia, Wiscount .
Valletort, Viscount .
Vaughan, Sir R. W., Bart.
Vaughan, J. E. . . . .
Venables, W. - - -
Vere, J. J. H. . . . .
Vernon, George Gran. Ven. .
Vernon, G. H. . - - -
Vernon, Hon. G. J. . . .
Villiers, Frederick . . . .
Villiers, T. H. . .
Villiers, Viscount . . . .
Vincent, Sir F., Bart. .
Vyvyan, Sir Richard R., Bari.
Waithman, Robert .
Walker, C. Arthur
Wall, C. Baring
Walpole, Hon. John
Walrond, B. . . . .
Walsh, Sir J. B., Bart.
Warburton, Henry . .
Warde, William . .
Warre, John Ashley .
Warrender, Rt. Hon. Sir G., Bart. Honiton
Wason, Rigby . . . . .
Waterpark, Rt. Hon. Baron .
Watson, Hon. R. - -
Webb, Edward . . . .
Welby, Glynne Earle . . .
Wellesley, Hon. W. P. T. L.
Wemyss, James. - -
West, F. R. . . . . . .
Westenra, Hon. H. R.
Western, Charles Callis
Wetherell, Sir C., Kt. . .
Weyland, John .
Weyland, Richard.
Whitbread, W. H. . . . .
White, Samuel . . . . .
White, Henry . . . . .
Whitmore, Thomas .
Whitmore, William W.
Wigram, William . . . .
Wilbraham, G. . . . .
Wilde, Thomes - -
Wilks, John . . . . . .
Williams, W. Addams .
Williams, Thomas Peers . .
Williams, Owen . -
Williams, Robert
A.D. 1830.
. Bridgewater .
. . Suffolk . . .
• Essex . . .
... Weymouth, &c.
. Angleseyshire .
... Wexford, county.
§ Plympton
& Lostwithiel .
. Merionethshire
... Wells
. Lichfield . .
. . London
. Guildford . .
. King's Lynn .
. Sudbury
. Sudbury .
. . Bridport
. London .
- - - - - -
. . Knaresborough
. Canterbury . .
. Gloucester .
- Grantham . .
. St. Ives.
. Fifeshire -
. Grinstead, East
- Essex' - . -
. Boroughbridge
. Hindon.
- - - - - -
. Bedford .
. Leitrimshire
. Dublinshire
. Bridgenorth
. Bridgenorth
... Wexford
. Stockbridge .
- Boston . . .
. Marlow .
. . Marlow . . .
, Dorchester .
1831.

. Bridgewater.
. Suffolk.

. Angleseyshire.
(*) Lostwithiel.
. Merionethshire.
... Wells.
London.
. Newport, Isle of Wight.
Bassetlaw.
Derbyshire.
Saltash.
. Bletchingley.
. Minehead.
St. Albans.
. Oakhampton.
. London.
Wexford.
... Weymouth, &c.
. Saltash.
. Sudbury.
. Bridport.
- - - - - -

. Honiton.
Ipswich,
. Knaresborough.
. Canterbury.
. Gloucester.
. Grantham.
. Essex.
Monaghanshire.
. Essex.
. Boroughbridge.
. Hindon.
Weymouth, &c. (vaca.)
} Oxfordshire.
. Bedford.
. Leitrimshire,
. Dublinshire.
: Bridgnori.
Newark.
. Boston.
Monmouthshire.
. Marlow.
. Marlow.
. Dorchester.
548 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF, &c.
A.D. 1830, 1831,
Williams, John . . . . . . Winchelsea . . . Winchelsea.
Williams, Sir J. H. . . . . . - - - - - - Carmarthenshire.
Williamson, Sir H., Bart. - - - - - - - - Durham, county.
Willoughby, Sir H., Bart. . . . . . . . . . Yarmouth, I. of Wight.
Wilson, Sir Robert, T. . . . . Southwark . .
Winchester, Henry . . . . . . Maidstone . . . . - - - - - -
Winnington, Sir T. E. . . . . - - - - - - Droitwich.
Wood, Matthew . . . . . . . London . . . . . London.
Wood, Thomas . . . . . . . Brecknockshire . . Brecknockshire.
Wood, John . . . . . . . Preston . . . . . Preston.
Wood, Charles . . . Grimsby, Great . . Wareham.
Worcester, Marquess of . . . Monmouth . . . . Monmouth.
Wortley, Hon. J. S. . . . . . Bossiney . . . . Bossiney.
Wrangham, D. C. . . . . . . - - - - - - Sudbury.
Wrightson, W. B. . . . . . . Kingston-upon-Hull. Kingston-upon-Hull.
Wrottesley, Sir J., Bart. . . . . Staffordshire . . . Staffordshire.
Wyndham, Wadham . . . . . Sarum, New . . . Sarum, New

Wynn, Sir Watkin Williams, Bart. Denbighshire . . . Denbighshire.
Wynn, Rt. Hon. C. W. W. . . Montgomeryshire . . Montgomeryshire.
Wynne, C. W. G. . . . . . . Carnarvonshire . . Carnarvonshire.
Wynne, John . . . . . . . Sligo. . . . . . Sligo.
Wyse, T., jun. . . - - . Tipperary, county . Tipperary, county.
Yorke, Sir Joseph Sidney . . . . Reigate . . . . . . Reigate (deceased.)
Yorke, Joseph . . . . . . . - - - - - - Reigate.
Young, John . . - - - - - - - Cavanshire.
NU M B E R O F M E M B E R S
FOR, AND AGAINST,
A R E FOR MI
or
'I' H E C O M M O N S H O U S E :
Accord ING TO THE
PLEDGES REQUIRED AND GIVEN,

AT THE
LATE ELECTION:
POPULATION AND PRO PERTY
SUPPOSED TO BE REPRESENTED IN THE SEVERAL
KINGDOMS, COUNTIES, CITIES, AND BOROUGHS.
ENGLAND.
For Reform. Against Reform.
Represent- Popula- Represent- Popula-
º: tion. Property. atives. tion. Property.
ºf f
Counties... 76 ... 9,041,785 ... 41,724,577 6 ... 299,873 ... 1,665,364
Cities...... 42 ... 676,535 ... 3,136,197 8 ... 55,526 ... 143,634
Boroughs. 169 ... 881,683 ... 2,333,092 188 ... 306,035 ... 741,670
-
287 10,600,003 47,193,866 202 661,434 2,550,668
WALES.
Counties... 5 ... 301,104 ... 966,681 7 ... 337,720... 1,100,232
Boroughs. 8... 60,833 ... 44,380 3 ... 8,875 ... 25,823
13 361,937 1,011,061 10 346,595 1,126,055
SCOTLAND. -
Counties..., 13 ... 665,859 ............ 17 ... 906,222 ...........,
Burghs ... 11 ... 328,734 - - - - - - - - - - - 4 ... 192,641 ...,....... -
2, 204,593 21 1,098,863
550 MEMBERS FOR AND AGAINST REFORM.
IRELAND.
For Reform. Against Reform.
Represent- Popula- Represent- Popula-
atives. tion. Property. atives. tion. Property.
4. 4.
Counties... 48 ... 4,688,023 ............ 16. 1,450,307 ............
Boroughs. 20... 536,296 ....... - - - - - 16 . 119, 178 ......... ---
68 5,224,319 32 1,569,485
GENERAL SUMMARY.
England. 287... 10,600,003 ... 47,193,866 202 ... 661,434 ... 2,550,668
Wales” ... 13... 361,937... 1,011,061 10... 346,595 ... 1,126,055
Scotland... 24 ... 994,593 ------------ 21 , 1,098,863 ............
Ireland ... 68 ... 5,224,319 ....... ----- 32 . 1,569,485 ............
392 17,180,852 48,204,927 265 3,676,377 3,676,723

BALANCE IN FAVOUR OF REFORM.
127 Members. Population more than 13), Millions.
Property, upwards of 44% Millions of Pounds Sterlingt.
“Favourable as this result may appear, the form in which our tables
are drawn up has taken very considerably from its magnitude. In
the counties, and in many of the cities and a number of the boroughs,
where the franchise is widely diffused, the members may be regarded
in the light in which we have considered them, as both virtually, and
really the representatives of the people; but in the smaller boroughs,
where the franchise is limited, the members have a very slight con-
nexion with the people, and in many instances even the nominal
electors are ignorant of their persons ! Had we reckoned, as we
were fully entitled to do, the lords and commoners and corporations
which nominate such members, as their only constituents, the balance
of population in favour of Reform would have been very much greater
than we have stated it to be. But in this, we have given the Anti-
* One Member for Wales not returned.
# It appears by a Parliamentary Paper, lately published, by order of the House
of Commons, exhibiting an account of Assessed Taxes paid by places, which, at
present, return Members to Parliament, that fifty-seven Boroughs contributed
during the last year only 11,217 l. lls. 10; d., although these Boroughs return 113
Members, being on an average not 100l. for each Member!!—The constituents of
the two Members for Westminster paid in the same year 303,420l. 15s. 9d., or
twenty-seven times the aggregate of the sum paid by these fifty-seven Boroughs.-
If Property were to be taken as the test of representation, it would follow that the
City of Westminster would have the right to return three thousand and fifty-one
Members, according to this calculation?

COMPARATIVE NUMBER OF MEMBERS, &c. 551
Reformers the benefit of the doubt. Where a fraction occurs in a
division, it has been added to them. Where a Member's principles
have been unknown, or suspected, all that have voted against Reform,
—all that have spoken against it, have been placed on their side.
“To Scotland applies, a fortiori, the remark just made respecting
the smaller boroughs of England. Had there been even the slightest
feeling of mutual respect between the people and those who return
the representatives of that country, Reform would have triumphed
in its tens and hundreds of thousands. But not only do the electors
not sympathize with the people, but many of them are not connected,
in the most remote degree, by residence or by property, with the
country which they are legally authorized to rule and outrage 1
“To the Scottish and Irish tables we have not, for want of proper
and authentic documents, been able to add the value of the property
in the different returning districts.”
tº For the above valuable Table (here slightly modified), the
author is indebted to the Spectator Nen’spaper, July, 1831.
COMPARATIVE
NUMBER OF MEMBERS
ACCORDING TO THE
POPULATION OF EACH KINGDOM.
Members. Population. Mem. Persons.
England . . . 489 . . . 11, Millions, or 1 for 23,517
Wales . . . . 24 . . . 750 Thousand, or 1 for 31,250
Scotland . . . 45 . . . 24 Millions, or 1 for 55,555
Ireland . . . . 100 . . . 7 Millions, or 1 for 70,000
Being, in the aggregate, 658 members to a population of
21,750,000, or one for each supposed division of 33,055 persons.
COMPARATIVE CONSTITUTION
OF THE
LATE AND PRESENT
H O U S E O F C O M M O N S.
Number of Members of the last Parliament who have been
returned to the present one . - - - - , 492
Number of Members who were in the last Parliament, but
have not been returned to the present one - - . 171
Of whom 7 are deceased,
14 vacated their seats,
and 2 were ejected.
New Members . - - - - - - - • 166
Of whom 1 is deceased,
6 have vacated,
and 3 have been ejected.
Members who represent places in the present, different from
those which they represented in the last Parliament . . 57
Number of Catholics in the late Parliament . - - . 14
present Parliament . - . 19
Irish Peers in the late Parliament - - - - ... 6
present Parliament . - - ... 2

A.
CHRON O L () GICAL LIST
OF THE
S P E A K E R S
OF THE HONOURABLE
T H E H O U S E O F C O M M ONS:
AND or
IMPORTANT ACTS AND OCCURRENCES
IN
P A R L I AM E N T,
rºom THE
EARLIEST ACCOUNTS TO THE PRESENT TIME.
“By their Acts shall ye know them.”
A.
CHRONOLOGICAL LIST
op
SPEAKERS,
&c.
HENRICO TERTIo, REGNANTE.
When chosen.
PETRUs DE MoUNTFord was the first Speaker certainly A. D.
known ; when the Lords and Commons (since the Nor-
man Conquest) sat either in several Houses, or at least
gave their assents severally *. . - - - . 1260
He was killed at the battle of Evesham
Sir Jeffery Scroope . - - - - - - :
William Trussel - - - - - - - +
* Some chronologists state that the Representatives of the Commons of England
were summoned to the Norman Parliament so early as 1258.
In the year 1257, we find mention made of a Parliament held at Oxford, which
was designated PARLIAMENTUM INSANUM (that is, the Mad Parliament). It
was so called by the parasites of Henry III., because the Lords came with great
retinues, armed, to it; and because many things were transacted therein against the
King's arbitrary proceedings. Among others, they compelled him to delegate his
power to twenty-four Lords, because he had cancelled Magna Charta.-In 1264,
the Deputies of Towns and Boroughs were first summoned to Parliament.
+ To the Parliaments in which these Speakers presided, we can find no date.—
In the very zenith of Edward the First's power,-after he had reduced the power
of the Clergy, and subdued Wales and Scotland,-making the King of Scots
prisoner, he was compelled to order that three Knights should be chosen in each
county, who were to form a Parliament with the Lords, for the purpose of inquiring
and determining what infractions had been made in the Great Charter. This Charter
had in the mean time been confirmed by the same sovereign.
PARLIAMENTUM DE LA BLANDE was a denomination to a Parliament in
Edward the Second's time; whereto the Barons came armed against the two
Spencers, with coloured bands on their sleeves for distinction. They compelled
him to banish his favourites, Piers Gaveston and the Spencers, and to delegate his
power to certain Lords.


556 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE

EDWARDO TERTIO, REGNANTE.
When chosen.
Sir Henry Beaumont - - - - - - . * 1332
Sir Peter de la Mare - - - - - - . A 1376
Sir Thomas Hungerford, the first Speaker named on record,
—51st of Edward III. - - - - - . 1377
In this reign which lasted fifty-three years, there were no
less than thirty-seven Parliaments. Such constant re-
currence to the advice of his nobles and the representa-
tives of his people—though almost constantly engaged
in war—fully accounts for the glory of this sovereign,
and the greatness of England at this time.
RICCARD0 SECUNDO, REGNANTE.
Sir Peter de la Mare rechosen in - - - - . 1377
Sir James Pickering - - - - - - . 1378
Sir John Goldsborough . - - - - 1380
Sir Richard Waldegrave, the first Speaker that made any
formal apology for inability - - - - . 1382
Ancestor of Earl Waldegrave.
Sir James Pickering rechosen in - - - . # 1386
Sir John Busby, the first Speaker presented to the King by
the Commons - - - - - - . 1394
Idem rechosen in - - - - - - - . 1397
Idem chosen a third time - - - - - . 1398
There appears to have been a regular succession of Parliaments in England, from
the year 1293; though the Speakers' names have not been handed down. There
were two in which most important proceedings took place; viz. that of 1279, in
which the Mortmain Act was passed; and that of 1327, in which King Edw. H.
was deposed.
A restoration of the ancient Parliaments of France took place at this time, in
pursuance of the example of England:—the first was held at Paris, in 1294.
* There was a Parliament in 1342, in which the Knights of Shires and Burgesses
of towns are said first to have sat together in the same House; that is, separately
from the House of Peers;–the Great Barons having sent the Knights of Shires, or
Barones Minores, into the Chamber appropriated to the Citizens and Burgesses.
+ At a Parliament held in 1362, it was enacted, that the pleadings in all Courts
of Justice in England should be changed from the French to the English language.
# There was a Parliament held in 1384, in which the first English Navigation
Law was passed; by which it was enacted that “No goods should be exported or
imported by Englishmen, in foreign ships or vessels.”


HOUSE OF COMMONS.
557

When chosen.
Parliaments formerly sat in Westminster Hall and the
Chapter House at the Abbey; but, at this time, the
hall being in a ruinous condition, Richard II. erected
a large timber-house, covered with tiles, in Palace-yard,
Westminster, for the impeachment of the Duke of
Gloucester, wherein both Houses met together. This
building was open on all sides; so that the con-
stituents and populace might witness every thing that
was said and done. “To secure freedom of debate,
the King caused it to be surrounded by 4000 Cheshire
Archers, with bows bent and arrows knocked, ready to
shoot.”
Richard II. held 26 Parliaments in twenty-two years”.
HENRICO QUARTO, REGNANTE.
Sir John Cheyney. He growing infirm, - - - }
John Dorwood, Esq. was chosen . -
He desired liberty to correct mistakes in what he should
deliver from the Commons.—This mean-spirited conduct
of the Speaker is readily accounted for, by the fact, that
when the Usurper summoned this Parliament to meet,
he had directed that none but his own creatures and
followers, the parasites and flatterers of a most cor-
rupt court, should be chosen. Henry usurped not
only the executive, but also the legislative power;-he
had no idea of what in modern times has been termed
“a limited monarchy.” -
Sir Arnold Savage . - - - - - -
Sir Henry de Redeford . - - - - -
Sir Arnold Savage, rechosen in
Sir William Sturmy
1399
1400
1403
1404
1405
* The last Parliament of this reign was not summoned by the King, but by
Henry, Duke of Lancaster; who, having made Richard prisoner, and usurped the
Crown, under the title of Henry IV., caused the Lords and Commons to meet, in
order that he might be confirmed on the throne. The King (Richard) was soon
afterwards murdered; and the rebellion raised by Percy and Douglas very nearly
deprived Henry of his usurped power.
558 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE

When chosen.
Sir John Tiptoft, who signed and sealed the deed of entailing
the crown with these words, “Nomine tolius com-
munitatis.” - - - - - - - . 1406
He was afterwards made Lord Treasurer, and created
Earl of Worcester.
Thomas Chaucer, Esq. - - - - - - . 1408
Henry IV. held ten Parliaments in fourteen years.
HENRICO QUINTO, REGNANTE.
William Stourton, Esq. who being shortly after taken ill, &
John Dorwood, Esq., a former Speaker, was appointed in § 1413
his stead . - - - - - -
Walter Hungerford, Esq. - - - - - . 1414
Thomas Chaucer, Esq., rechosen in . - - - . 1414
Richard Redman, Esq. . - - - - - . 1415
Sir Walter Beauchamp . - - - - - . 1415
Roger Flower, Esq. - - - - - . 1416, &c.
Roger Hunt, Esq. . - - - - - 1420
Thomas Chaucer, Esq., chosen a third time - - . 1421
Richard Baynard, Esq. . - - - - - . 1421
There were eleven Parliaments during the nine years' reign
of Henry V.
HENRICO SExTo, REGNANTE.
Roger Flower, Esq., chosen a third time . - - . 1422
John Russel, Esq. . - - - - - - . 1423
Sir Thomas Warton - - - - - - . 1425
Richard Vernon, Esq. - - - - - - . 1426
John Tirrell, Esq. . - - - - - - . 1428
This Parliament was held at Coventry; whereunto, by
special precept to the Sheriffs of the several counties,
no lanyer was to be called:—hence it received the nick-
name of “PARLIAMENTUM INDocTUM,” or Ignorant
Parliament.—Why so contemptuous a designation
should have been applied to the nobles and delegates
of the kingdom assembled for the discussion of public
affairs, is not easy to be conceived; seeing that lawyers,

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 559
When chosen.
—mere lawyers, are seldom, or never, either wise
legislators or skilful statesmen. .
William Allington, Esq. . - - - - - . 1429

John Tirrell, Esq., rechosen in - - - - . 1431
John Russel, Esq., rechosen in - - - - . 1432
Roger Hunt, Esq., rechosen in - - - - . 1433
John Bowes, Esq. - - - - - - . 1435
Sir John Tirrell, chosen a third and fourth time . 1436, &c.
William Boerly, Esq. - - - - - - . 1439
William Tresham, Esq. . - - - - . 1439, &c.
William Boerly, Esq., rechosen in . - - - . 1445
William Tresham, Esq., chosen a third time - - . 1447
John Say, Esq. - - 1449
Sir John Popham; but excusing himself shortly after, { 1450
William Tresham, Esq. was again chosen Speaker J
Sir William Oldhall - - - - - - . 1451
Thomas Thorp, Esq. who was arrested in execution, and
adjudged by the Lords not to have privilege. The Com- 1453
mons then chose - - - - - -
Sir Thomas Charlton
Sir John Wenlock - - - . 1455
Thomas Tresham, Esq. - - - - . 1460
In this Parliament, which was held at Coventry, Edward,
Earl of March (afterwards king), and several others,
were attainted. The Acts passed therein were annulled
in the succeeding Parliament;-hence it received the
designation of PARLIAMENTUM DIABolic UM, or Dia-
bolical Parliament.
Henry VI. held twenty-two Parliaments in 39 years.
- EDWARDO QUARTO, REGNANTE.
John Green, Esq. . - - - - - - . 1461
Sir James Strangwaies . - - - - - . 1461
John Say, Esq. rechosen in - - - - - . 1463
William Allington, Esq. . - - - - - . 1472
John Wood, Esq. 1482
Edward IV. held only five Parliaments in 22 years.

560
SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
RICCARDO TERTIO, REGNANTE.
When chosen.
William Catesby, Esq. . - - - -
At this time the Speaker was chosen, presented, and ap-
proved by the King, according to the present practice.
Horace Walpole has taken great pains to prove that this
King was neither crook-backed nor ill-favoured; but
that he was the handsomest man of his age:—he would
have better served the cause of truth and justice had
he exhibited Richard in the light of a wise and con-
stitutional sovereign. The faithless and infamous John
and his successors have been praised for their boon to
the Barons,—which, however, as all men know, was
most unwillingly granted, and as often revoked as op-
portunity offered.—But Richard gave Englishmen a
real Charter of their liberties:–previously to his ac-
cession to the throne, debtors, and all others liable to
arrest on mesne process, were obliged to lie in jail until
the day of trial:—the first act of this Usurper was to
propose to his Parliament, that bail should be taken by
the Sheriffs, &c. in all such cases.—The Act was passed,
and Englishmen have enjoyed the benefit of it ever
since.—The stage nonsense about Richard is so truly
disgusting, that not even the great powers of Shake-
speare, nor the splendid talents of Kean can warrant
Englishmen in their applause of the false, though
striking, representation of one, who did more for the
security of their personal liberty, than all the Kings
and Statesmen who ever lived in England;—Alfred,
alone, being excepted.—There ought to be an Act of
Parliament to banish “Richard the Third,”—and all
such historical lies, from the stage:—they do great
mischief.
HENRICO SEPTIMO, REGNANTE.
Thomas Lovel, Esq.(afterwards Knight and Privy Counsellor)
John Mordaunt, Esq. - - - -
Sir Thomas Fitzwilliam (ancestor of Earl Fitzwilliam)
1484
1485
1488
1489

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 561
When chosen.
Richard Empson, an eminent lawyer, (afterwards a Judge,
and hanged) * . - - - - - - . 1492
Sir Reginald Bray . - - - . . - . 1496
During this Parliament, the Dutch were excluded from
their asserted right of fishing on the English coast.
Robert Drury, Esq. - - - - - - . 1496
Thomas Inglefield, Esq. . - - - - - 1497
Edmund Dudley, Esq. (afterwards Privy Counsellor and
Judge, and hanged)* - - - - - . 1505
Henry VII, held eight Parliaments during his reign of
twenty-four years.
HENRICO OCTAVO, REGNANTE.
Sir Thomas Inglefield, rechosen in . - - - . 1509
Sir Robert Sheffield, Recorder of London - - . 1510
Ancestor of the late Duke of Buckingham.
Sir Thomas Nevil . - - - 1514
Sir Thomas More; who prayed, that “if any of the Commons
should in any debate speak more largely than they ought,
that they might be pardoned” - - . 1523 & 1524
Afterwards Lord Chancellor. He and Bishop Fisher were
beheaded by Henry VIII, in 1535, for denying the
King's supremacy over the Church.-Sir Thomas More
was doubtless a great and good man: –he was un-
doubtedly a just Judge; but the author has to deplore,
that whilst he was Speaker of the House of Commons,
he was a sycophantic slave-Why did he pray “that,
if any of the CoMMONs should speak more largely than
they ought, that they might be pardoned?”—It is an

* These Speakers were hanged in the first year of the reign of the succeeding
sovereign, for having, in their legislative capacity, promoted the enaction of laws
(and afterwards, in their judicial capacity, for having put them into execution)
whereby Henry VII. extorted large sums from his subjects. When Henry VIII.
came to the throne, he was obliged to issue a proclamation, declaring “that if any
of his subjects had been wrongfully deprived of their goods, under colour of Com-
missions for levying forfeitures in the last reign, they should receive satisfaction.”
The inferior agents of Empson and Dudley were put into the pillory, and all
stoned to death by the multitude. The young King exerted all his power and in-
fluence to save the chief instruments of his father's extortions; but the public voice
was powerful and indignant, and he did not dare, at that period of his reign, to save
even his father's favourites from the gallows.
4 c
562 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
eternal blot upon his name and character, as well as on
that of the House of Commons which permitted him to
put up such a prayer; and it is no small consolation,
whilst reflecting upon his uniformly virtuous life and
his heroic manner of laying his head under the axe, that
this victim of that terrible monster of bloodshed and
rapine, Henry VIII., reflected in his dying moments,
that had he, in 1523, defended the right of legislators
in the Commons House, to speak n'hatever they liked,
without either fear of, or danger from, any tyrant what-
ever;-he would not have been brought to the block in
1535, for denying the supremacy of as bad a King as
ever wielded a sceptre.—What a pity it is that great
men cannot descend into their graves, without leaving
a stain upon their reputation
“In 1524, April 15 (says Stowe), a Parliament was begun
at the Blacke Friers, wherein was demanded a subsidy
of 800,000l., to be raised off goods and lands, four
shillings in every pound; and in the end was granted
two shillings. This Parliament was adjourned to West-
minster, among the blacke monks, and ended in the
king's palace there, the 14th of August, at nine of
the clocke in the night, and was therefore called the
BLACKE PARLIAMENT.”
Thomas Audley, Esq. Serjeant-at-Law . - -
Afterwards Lord Keeper, and then Lord Chancellor.
Richard Rich, Esq. the first Speaker recorded to have made
request for access to the King . - - - ... + 1537
Afterwards made Lord Chancellor, and created a Baron.
. * 1530
* In the year 1525, Henry VIII. having squandered all the treasure that his
miserly father had extorted and hoarded up, began to levy money upon his subjects,
without the concurrence of a Parliament: this caused an insurrection, which was not
quelled without considerable bloodshed.
# Henry held Parliaments in 1531, 1534, and 1536. That of the first of these
dates adjudged the clergy to have incurred the penalty of premumire, for having
applied to the Pope, and for submitting to the Legantine power:—at the same time
the laws against heresy were rigorously put into execution, and several Protestants
burnt alive 1–In 1534, the King and Parliament renounced all subjection to the
See of Rome; and the latter enacted that Henry was Supreme Head of the Church
of England, and was consequently entitled to the First Fruits and Tenths.-1536
was a tremendous year for England, and all through Parliament-work: it suppressed
and gave to the King 76 monasteries, viz. all in England whose revenues were under

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 563
When chosen.
Sir Nicholas Hare . - - - - - - . 1540
Afterwards Master of the Rolls and Lord Keeper.
Lord Thomas Cromwell was attainted of high treason
by an Act of this Parliament, without being heard, and
beheaded. Queen Anne of Cleves having been divorced
from Henry by Cranmer and the Convocation, on the
plea “ that his Majesty's internal, free consent was
wanting at his marriage with her,” their judgment was
confirmed by this same Parliament.
200l. a year; by which 10,000 Nuns and Friars were turned out upon the world to
starve. An insurrection in the North was one of the consequences of this Act of
spoliation and cruelty. Nor were Henry's faithful Lords and Commons less ob-
sequious in abetting his heartless inflictions upon the members of his own family:
the House of Peers condemned Queen Anne to death on the infamous and most
improbable accusation of incontinence with her own brother and four other persons!
—but the King's real object was to be enabled to marry Jane Seymour. To crown
the horrible work, both Houses, after confirming the attainder of Queen Anne,
enacted that Henry's divorce from Queen Catherine (decreed by the Convocation in
1533), and that from his late wife (pronounced by Archbishop Cranmer, in 1536),
were both legal, and that the issue of both marriages, viz. Mary and Elizabeth, were
illegitimate, and consequently incapable of inheriting the Crown.—It is curious that
in 1544, hardly eight years afterwards, the same or another Parliament, obedient as
usual to the caprice of the sovereign, annulled this act, by passing another to wash
away the stain of illegitimacy from these princesses, and to replace them in the line
of succession —We have heard of the “Omnipotence of Parliament;” we need not
search for further proofs of it than these two acts.
Two other acts passed this year, viz. one for the translation and printing of the
Bible in English; and the other for the union and incorporation of Wales with
England, whereby 24 Welsh knights and burgesses were permitted to sit in the
Commons House, though meritorious enough in themselves, are not capable of
removing the national disgrace of the above horrible transactions.
Henry and his abettors having squandered away the produce of the late con-
fiscations, proceeded in their unholy career. In 1539, a statute was made confirming
the seizure and surrender of the larger Abbies and Monasteries throughout the
kingdom, to the number of 645 !–28 of which were governed by mitred Abbots,
who had seats in the House of Lords:–152 Colleges and 192 Hospitals were sup-
pressed by the same Act. The surrender of the Charters of many of the Monasteries
had been obtained by the King's agents, through fear and upon promise of renewal;
and the Pope decreeing that Henry should be deposed, gave the latter a plea for their
total destruction. The pretence that these religious houses were nurseries and re-
ceptacles of vice was a vile calumny; which the King being unable to prove, even in a
small degree, he, as “Supreme Head of the Church,” took all their goods and lands
under his own guardianship, reserving to himself the ready money, plate, and
jewels; and making presents to his myrmidons of the lands and other possessions
which had been bequeathed and settled on these houses, during many centuries for
pious and charitable purposes, only. The total number of houses thus suppressed
was 1148, with a land-rental of 183,707ſ. 13s. The plate, jewellery, and money,
were valued at about three millions and a half, sterling.
In this Parliament, sia articles of Religion were established for the nation, in
lieu of those lately rejected by the King; and the Bishops took out commissions
from Henry, empowering them to execute their episcopal functions.


564
SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Thomas Moyle, Esq., the first that petitioned for freedom of
speech, on record - - - -
Queen Catherine Howard, being accused of incontinence
by Cranmer, was this year attainted of high treason, by
Act of Parliament, and, without even being brought to
trial, was beheaded on Tower-hill, on Feb. 13, 1542.
It was enacted about the same time to be high treason
in any one not to discover a Queen’s incontinence; as
well as for any woman to marry the King, who should
not be found to be a virgin / In consequence of this
very curious penal statute, Henry was obliged to remain
a widower for upwards of a year; for, no young lady
dared to trust to his construction of the Act which he
had procured concerning a Queen's virginity. At length,
Catherine Parr, the relict of Lord Latimer, ventured
upon him;—there being, fortunately, no clause in this
beastly act which could affect a widow.
Henry's Irish Parliament had, in 1542, erected that
country into a kingdom; and his Parliament at home
was not long in passing an Act to confirm the same ;
giving to him the additional title of “ King of Ireland.”
Henry VIII, held twelve Parliaments during the thirty-
eight years of his reign.
In reviewing the conduct of Henry's Parliaments, it will
be conceived impossible that, had they been composed
of persons elected from time to time by the people, they
could have been the obsequious creatures of so capri-
cious a monster: it will, therefore, be a charitable con-
struction on the conduct of our ancestors to suppose, that
the above Parliaments were merely consecutive sessions
of one LoNG PARLIAMENT, which lasted throughout his
reign; or that by means of the immense wealth left
him by his father, as well as that obtained by church-
robbery, he so managed, that the same men should be
on all occasions returned : it would be monstrous to
believe, that twelve Houses of Commons, each con-
sisting of 658 English gentlemen, could be found base
enough to sanction the atrocious Acts above mentioned.
1542
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 565
EDWARD0 SEXTO, REGNANTE.
When chosen.
Sir John Baker - - - . 1547
The Lord High Admiral Seymour was attainted of high
treason, in this Parliament, nithout being heard, and
beheaded in 1549.
Sir James Dyer, Serjeant-at-Law . - - - . * 1553
Afterwards King's Serjeant, and Lord Chief Justice of
the Common Pleas.
Four Parliaments were held during the six years' reign
of this Prince.
MARIA, REGNANTE.
John Pollard, Esq., a learned lawyer - - - . 1553
In this Parliament an Act was passed to prohibit the dis-
turbance of priests saying mass; and another which
repealed all the statutes made in Edward’s reign con-
cerning religion. It is said that the members of both
Houses appeared courteously devoted to Mary's hus-
band, Philip, who had just arrived in England,
bringing with him vast and rich treasures of gold and
silver. - -
Clement Higham, Esq. . - - - -
Afterwards Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer.
John Pollard, Esq., (afterwards Serjeant-at-Law) rechosen
in . - - - - - - - - . 1556
William Cordele, Esq. Master of the Rolls, and Privy Coun-
sellor—He was knighted on the day of his oration . 1558
Mary has been styled the Bloody Queen; whether she
deserved that so vile an epithet should be coupled with
her name has been a matter of controversy: there can
be no difference of opinion, however, as to her being a
truly constitutional Queen; for she held five Parlia-
ments, viz., one every year, during her short reign.
. 1555
* Parliaments were held in the years 1550 and 1552, wherein very important
measures were enacted –by the former, the eldest sons of Peers were permitted for
the first time to sit in the House of Commons; and, by the second, the Book of
Common Prayer of the Church of England was confirmed, and the marriages of
the clergy were declared valid.
566 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
ELIZABETHA, REGNANTE.
When chosen.
Sir Thomas Gargrave, Queen's Counsel in the North
In his oration he made the Four REQUESTs, ever since
made by succeeding Speakers, viz. Free access to the
Queen (Elizabeth):—liberty of speech:-privilege from
arrest:-and that any mistake of the Speaker might not
prejudice the House.
In this Parliament, all the laws passed, during the last
reign, for the establishment of Popery were repealed;
the Queen's supremacy over the Church was enacted,
and the Act of Uniformity was passed.
Thomas Williams, Esq., learned in the laws - - -
The thirty-nine Articles of Religion were established this
year.
Richard Onslow, Esq., Solicitor General . - - -
When made Solicitor to the Queen (Elizabeth), he had a
writ to attend in the Upper House of Parliament; but,
on the death of Mr. Williams, the Commons requested
that he should be sent to them as their Speaker; which
request was complied with.
Christopher Wray, Esq. . - - - - -
Afterwards Lord Chief Justice of the Queen's Bench.
Robert Bell, Esq. . - - - - - - -
Afterwards knighted, made Serjeant-at-Law, and Lord
Chief Baron.
John Popham, Esq. - - - - - - -
Afterwards Attorney General, Lord Chief Justice of Eng-
land, and a Privy Counsellor.
Being Queen's Solicitor General, he was an assistant in
the Upper House, as Mr. Onslow was, when chosen
Speaker of the Commons.
The Commons taking upon themselves to order a General
Fast in 1581, the Queen reprimanded them for their
presumption.—Several Members at the same time
absenting themselves were fined 201. each by the
House.
Mr. Serjeant John Puckering . - - -
Afterwards Queen's Serjeant, and Lord Keeper.
1559
1571
1572
1581
1585

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 567
When chosen.
Mr. Serjeant Thomas Snag, (afterwards Queen's Serjeant) 1589
Edward Coke, Esq., Solicitor General - - - . 1592
Afterwards made Attorney General and knighted; also
Lord Chief Justice of Common Pleas, Privy Counsellor,
and Lord Chief Justice of England.
Mr. Serjeant Christopher Yelverton - - - . 1597
Afterwards knighted, and made a Judge of the Queen's
Bench.
Mr. Serjeant John Crook, Recorder of London - . 1601
Afterwards Judge of the King's Bench.
In this Parliament it was resolved by the Commons, that
a Sheriff could not be elected Knight of the Shire for
his own county; but that he might be made a Sheriff
after he was elected.
With all Queen Elizabeth's pretensions to virginily, she
certainly played the wanton with the constitution.
Like her tyrannical father, she held Parliaments once
in every four years and a half; viz. ten during the
forty-four years of her reign.
JACOBO PRIMO, REGNANTE.
Mr. Serjeant Edward Philips, who was made Master of the
Rolls, but still sat as Speaker . - - - . * 1603

* This Parliament will be ever famous for its more than apocryphal plot of the
5th of November, 1605; from which it may be very aptly styled the GUNPowDER
PARLIAMENT. A belief, in the present day, that the Catholics intended to blow up
the King and the two legislative Houses, can be the result, only, of gross bigotry or
ignorance. That Guido Fawkes entered heart and hand into such a conspiracy is
beyond a doubt; for he boldly confessed the same on his examination by the Star
Chamber; but was not the circumstance of gagging him when sent to execution, a
convincing proof that the government was in fear that he would, on the scaffold, in-
form the surrounding multitude who were the real and hired plotters that had seduced
him into the conspiracy, for the purpose of throwing national odium on the already
plundered and oppressed nobility and gentry who still adhered to the Romish faith?
But who was the discoverer of this mighty plot? Why, the King himself: that
paragon of sagacity, James the First; who is said, when reading an anonymous
letter in his Privy Council, to have construed words which conveyed no such mean-
ing (unless to one already well informed on the subject) into “a blowing up with gun-
powder " It is also curious that the search for the destructive combustibles, on
the said Royal and sage suggestion,-should have been in the very place where they
were deposited'—It is a true, though common, proverb, “that those who hide can
find.” This plot was altogether a very ill-concocted and bungling affair; but it
answered the purpose intended: the consequences, however, might have been fatal
to those who hatched it; for, had not the Catholic party been weak and poor, be-


568 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
This Parliament granted tonnage and poundage to the
King for life, as had been done to his predecessors, from
Hen. VII, downwards, for the defence of the realm and
the guard of the seas:—in 1605 the Oath of Allegiance
was first required and administered, in consequence of
the Gunpowder Plot: —in 1606, an Act was passed
to empower the Crown to levy 201 per month on
Popish Recusants who absented themselves from
church; or to seize two-thirds of their lands !—and
it was declared a premunire to refuse the Oath of
Allegiance. The Act for levying twelve-pence, each
Sunday, on every one who did not come to church, was
at the same time revived.—As a sort of counterpoise
to these tyrannical acts, all laws hostile to the Scots were
repealed.
But the most sweeping statute of this Parliament was
that by which the Earls of Tyrone and Tyrconnel and
other Irish leaders were attainted of treason, and their
lands vested in the Crown; amounting to 511,465 acres,
in the several counties of Donegal, Tyrone, London-
derry, Fermanagh, Cavan, and Armagh. This Act
enabled the King to make “the Scottish Plantation
of Ulster:”—that is, the inhabitants, whether rebellious
or peaceful, were compelled to turn out, in order to
make way for James's countrymen.
Sir Randolph Crew, Serjeant-at-Law - - - . 1614
Afterwards Chief Justice of the King's Bench.
The second Parliament of this reign daring to touch upon
their grievances—viz, the King's profuseness to his own





cause previously plundered and oppressed, they might have recoiled with tenfold
vengeance on the heads of the ruling powers. The whole affair was so palpably false,
and covered by so flimsy a veil, that we cannot help being astonished at the gulli-
bility, or, rather, want of energy and justice which prevented the English nation
from driving some of the conspirators, at least (as Guy Fawkes said in the Star
Chamber), “back to their native mountains.” Ministers of a later date would have
managed such a piece of legerdemain in much better style: they would have taken
special care to have provided one or more approvers, whose consciences, pricking
them for entering into a conspiracy against “so wise and so good a King,” would
have given such evidence against their real or pretended associates, as would have
hanged every Catholic lady and gentleman of property in the kingdom, without fur-
ther inquiry.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 569
When chosen.
countrymen, the Scots, and the increase of the Popish
Recusants—it was dissolved without passing one
Act 1–After which James committed several of the
Members to prison, for the freedom they had taken ;
and then raised money upon his subjects by way of
Benevolence.
Sir Thomas Richardson, Serjeant . - - - , 1620
Afterwards King's Serjeant, and Chief Justice of the
Common Pleas and King's Bench.
In James's third Parliament Lord Chancellor Bacon was
convicted of notorious bribery, and the seals were taken
from him.—Supplies were granted to his Majesty to
enable him to recover the Palatinate for his son-in-law,
the Elector: his faithful Commons at the same time
promising to assist him to the utmost of their power in
case he could not recover it by treaty.—Notwithstanding
this, as soon as the Parliament was dissolved, several of
the Commons were committed to prison for their op-
position to the Court.
Sir Thomas Crew, Serjeant, (afterwards King's Serjeant) 1623, &c.
James I. improved upon his predecessor's mode of destroy-
ing the constitution; he called together only four
Parliaments in twenty-two years. His last was a most
obedient Parliament, no doubt profiting by the im-
prisonment of their colleagues in the previous one:—
they not only approved of the Duke of Buckingham's
conduct in breaking off the match between Prince Charles
and the Infanta of Spain; but also gave James a supply
to declare war against Spain and the Emperor of
Germany.
CAROLO PRIMO, REGNANTE.
Sir Heneage Finch, Recorder of London . - - . * 1626
* This King's first Parliament met on the 18th of June, 1625, a few days after
his marriage, and in the third month of his reign:—though the last Parliament had
made large promises to his father, and had urged him to enter into an expensive war,
the present one neither made any provision for the civil list, the Spanish war, nor the
guard of the seas, so that the king found himself under the necessity of ordering the
officers to continue to collect the usual duties of tonnage and poundage, settled on
his predecessors, by his own authority. It was dissolved on the 12th of August,
4 D
570
SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Ancestor of the Earl of Winchelsea and Nottingham.
In this Parliament the first quarrel arose between King
Charles and the House of Commons: for, the latter
remonstrating against the Duke of Buckingham's con-
tinuance in the administration, and against the King's
taking tonnage and poundage, it was dissolved nithout
passing one Act.
The King dismissing the Queen's French servants about
the same time, involved himself in a war with Franee:—
nor was his condition at home more enviable; being
compelled to commit several gentlemen to prison for
refusing to pay the money required of them by way of
loan for the public service: some of the inferior people
were pressed for soldiers on their refusal.
Sir John Finch - - - - - - - -
Afterwards King's Counsel, Chief Justice of the Common
Pleas, and Lord Keeper of the Great Seal.
In the third Parliament of this reign, a Petition of Right
was preferred to his Majesty, praying, 1. That no loan
or tax might be levied but by consent of Parliament;
2. That no man might be imprisoned but by legal
process; 3. That soldiers might not be quartered on
the people against their wills; 4. That no commissions
might be granted for executing martial law.—To which
the King answered, “I mill that right be done, accord-
ing to the lan's and customs of the realm.”—This an-
swer not being deemed satisfactory, and the Commons
being about to remonstrate against his Majesty re-
ceiving tonnage and poundage; he came to the House
of Peers and passed the Act confirming the “Rights
and Liberties of the Subject,” as above demanded;
with two other Acts whereby the clergy and laity
respectively granted him five entire subsidies.
1628
1625.-During its continuance, the Earl of Bristol and Bishop Williams of Lin-
coln not being summoned, the Lords petitioned his Majesty that they might each of
them have a writ of summons, which was granted: and the Earl of Arundel being
committed to the Tower during the session, without cause shown, the Lords addressed
the King to discharge him (looking upon it as an invasion of their privileges); with
which address his Majesty complied.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 57.1
When chosen.
The King's notions of “ Divine Right” and other ty-
rannical assumptions now began to wear so dan-
gerous an aspect, as to be the source of frequent
bickerings between himself and his “faithful Com-
mons;”—his haughty spirit would not brook opposition
or remonstrance from the Lower House, although
he knew well that its members held the purse strings
of the nation. Accordingly, after imprisoning nine
of their body on the 4th of March, 1629, he dis-
solved the Parliament on the 10th of the same month,
resolving never to call another". For some years he

* The Parliament meeting after a short prorogation, and falling immediately upon
their grievances, the king declared he did not claim tonnage and poundage as of right,
but de bene esse, and desired it might be settled on him as on his ancestors. The
Commons, however, proceeded again on their grievances, and pretended to be offended
at the increase of the Arminians and Papists. And Mr. Pym moved, “That a
Covenant might be taken to maintain their religion and rights.” At the same
time, the officers of the customs being questioned for detaining the goods of Parlia-
ment-men for tonnage and poundage; the King sent the Commons a message, de-
claring, “That what the customers did was by his order.”
The Commons thereupon voted the seizing Mr. Rolles's goods a breach of their
privilege; and called on the Speaker to read their remonstrance against it, and put
the question: but he said that “he dared not, the King having commanded the con-
trary;” and endeavouring to leave the chair, he was held in by force, and the doors
were locked, till a protest was read,—“That whoever should bring in innovations in
religion, or seek to introduce Popery or Arminianism; and whoever should advise
the taking of tonnage and poundage not granted by Parliament, or that should pay the
same, should be reckoned enemies to the kingdom.”
The King sent for the Serjeant of the House, but he was detained, the doors being
locked:—then he sent the Gentleman-Usher of the Black Rod with a Message;
but he was denied admittance until the protest was read, after which the House, in
confusion, adjourned to a certain day.
Warrants were now issued by the Privy Council for seizing the riotous Members
of the Commons: and Mr. Holles, Mr. Coriton, Sir John Elliot, and Mr. Valentine,
appearing before the Council, and refusing to answer as to what was said or done in
the House, were thereupon committed close prisoners to the Tower. The King then
went to the House of Peers, and in a Speech declared, that the seditious behaviour of
some of the Commons obliged him to dissolve the Parliament. It was dissolved ac-
cordingly, without sending for the Commons up, or any Act passed during the Session.
An information was soon after exhibited in the Star-Chamber against the Members
in custody, viz. Sir John Elliot, Delzil Holles, Benjamin Valentine, Walter Long,
William Coriton, William Stroud, John Selden, Sir Miles Hobart, and Sir Peter
Hayman, “for their undutiful speeches and actions in the late Parliament:” where-
upon, the Members brought their habeas corpus to be admitted to bail; and they
were offered to be bailed by the Court, on giving security for their good behaviour,
which they refused. Upon an information preferred against them in the King's
Bench, they pleaded against the jurisdiction of the Court: this being over-ruled, they
were adjudged to be imprisoned during the King's pleasure; and being offered to be
released on their submission, they refused. Sir John Elliot, and one or two others,
died in prison.



572 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
carried on the government, per se, with crippled

finances, and great personal sacrifices of his royal state
and dignity; at length finding that the hereditary
revenues of the crown, &c. were by no means com-
mensurate to the heavy demands made upon him, and
that his hands were tied from going to war through
want of money, he resorted to the unconstitutional means
of imposing and levying taxes of his own accord and
without the intervention of a Parliament”. These im-
positions, and the unwarrantable penalties which were
inflicted on those who resisted them, created such a
ferment throughout the nation, that, to restore tran-
quillity and obtain the necessary supplies by legitimate
* Every man possessed of lands of the value of 40l. per annum was obliged to be
knighted, or compound with the Crown, according to an old law. The monopolies
of salt, soap, leather, coals, pins, &c. were deemed great stretches of the prerogative.
Indeed, nothing but necessity could justify these methods of raising money, to which
the King was reduced, by the Commons refusing him any supply, even for the sup-
port of his household. He was compelled a few years afterwards to grant permission
to the Dutch to fish upon the English coasts, in consideration of a sum of 30,000l.
and an annual tribute for the future.—In 1635, a proclamation was published to
restrain the great resort of the nobility and gentry to the city of London; which was
found to impoverish the country, and increase infectious distempers in the city. And
informations were exhibited in the Star-Chamber against seven lords, sixty baronets
and knights, and above one hundred gentlemen, for non-observance of this act of
State.
In 1636, the celebrated Selden's book, asserting the English sovereignty of the
narrow seas, in opposition to the writings of Hugo Grotius, and showing the custom
of levying ship-money by former kings, without assent of Parliament, was ordered
to be kept among the records; one of them in the Council-chest, another in the Ex-
chequer, and a third in the Court of Admiralty.
Mr. Richard Chambers, a citizen of London, and others, however, disputing the
legality of ship-money, the opinion of the twelve judges was demanded; who unani-
mously gave their opinions under their hands, that the levying ship-money was lawful.
The case of Mr. Hampden, also, was argued in the Exchequer Chamber before
all the judges; and he was adjudged to pay twenty shillings, the sum he was charged
with, towards fitting out a fleet for “the Guard of the Seas.”
Among other victims of Charles's tyranny at this time may be mentioned Henry
Burton, bachelor of divinity, William Prynne, a disaffected barrister, and Dr.
Bastwick, a physician; neither of them eminent in their professions, but violent in-
cendiaries. They were convicted in the Star-chamber of composing several sedi-
tious libels, and sentenced to be pilloried, lose their ears, to be fined 5000l. each, and
to be imprisoned for life!—The consequence of this prosecution was, that they were
ever afterwards looked upon as Confessors, by the Presbyterians.
John Lilburn, a bookbinder (bookseller), was convicted in the Star Chamber, of
publishing and dispersing seditious libels, fined 5000l., and sentenced to be pilloried,
and whipped from the Fleet-prison to Westminster-hall. He was imprisoned for



three years, and, upon the turn of the times, he was released, and became anofficer of
note in Cromwell’sarmy.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 573
When chosen.
means, Charles at last consented, after a lapse of twelve
years, to readmit to his councils those other branches of
the legislature, which his less fastidious predecessors had
never dreamt of refusing to commune, with in all cases
which concerned their own or the national welfare *.
John Glanville, Esq., Serjeant at Law - - - . 1640
Afterwards King's Serjeant.
This Parliament lasted only 22 days; having begun on
the 13th of April, and dissolved on the 5th of May
following.

His Majesty having sent a message to the Commons, by
Sir Harry Vane, demanding a supply of six subsidies,
the latter, either designedly or by mistake, demanded
invelve, which threw the House into an uproar. Return-
ing to the King, Sir Harry assured him that no money
would be granted against the Scots, which the King
believing, abruptly dissolved the Parliament, and after-
wards raised an army of 20,000 men against the Scots;
towards the maintenance of which the nobility and
gentry advanced 300,000l.; but the City of London
refused him the loan of even 100,000l. The Scots
* The national ferment was greatly increased at this time by the Scots throwing off
their allegiance, and entering into a covenant or association against the Government.
They held a General Assembly at Glasgow; which, although dissolved by the King's
Commissioners, continued to sit, declaring “ they would not desert the work of the
Lord; and that to attempt to interrupt their sitting, was to contramand and prejudge
the prerogative of Jesus Christ and the liberties of the Kirk.” Accordingly, having
condemned episcopacy asantichristian, they deprivedandexcommunicated those bishops
and ministers who differed from them, by their own sole authority. Then, resolving
upon a war, they raised an army; and having made themselves masters of Edinburgh,
they seized the regalia and the King's magazines of arms; telling the people “that
they might expect Popery and bondage, if they did not acquit themselves like men.”
They next addressed themselves to the French King as their sovereign, desiring his
protection. Charles marched against them with a powerful army, received their sub-
mission, and matters were accommodated on both sides; but, the next Scottish Par-
liament, having excluded the bishops, who were the Third Estate, confirmed all the
acts of the General Assembly, and insisted on several demands to the diminution of
the King's prerogative. Being prorogued, they protested, and sent a deputation of
their members to the King. These were highly caressed by the malcontents in Lon-
don, and incited to stir up a new war against England; particularly by the Earls of
Essex, Bedford, and Holland, and Baron Say; also, by Messrs. Hampden and Pym.
The King charged the Scottish Commissioners with treason, and produced an inter-
cepted letter, wherein they invited the French King to invade his dominions; where-
upon, Lords Loudon and Colville (the first of whom had written the letter) were
committed to the Tower.



574 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
having entered England and made themselves masters
of Durham, where they levied contributions amounting
to 850l. per day, a general council of Peers was sum-
moned at York. They advised the King to send com-
missioners to treat with the enemy, which he agreed to.
A cessation of arms was the consequence; but the Scots
were allowed to remain in England until the treaty
should be ratified by an Act of Parliament in London.
William Lenthall, Esq., a Bencher and Reader of Lincoln's
Inn; chosen at the Parliament which began on Nov. 3, 1640
As soon as this Parliament had met, such was the opposition
of the Commons to their Sovereign, that they voted
300,000l. to be given to their brethren of Scotland,
and immediately raised 100,000l. in the city for sup-
plying the Scottish army.—Articles of impeachment
for high treason were carried up to the Lords by Mr.
Pym (usually called King Pym) against the Earl of
Strafford, who was thereupon committed to the Tower.
They then voted, that the levying of Ship-money, and
the opinions of the judges upon it, were illegal.-The
judges were thereupon obliged to put in great bail.
A Bill for Triennial Parliaments receiving the Royal
Assent, the Commons thanked his Majesty for it, and
said, “There non remained nothing to be done, but to
testify their devotion to his Majesty, and their only end
mas to make him a glorious King.”—Their first act
towards that desirable consummation was a Bill of
Attainder against his friend the Earl of Strafford; the
impeachment having been dropped. The reason of pro-
ceeding against the Earl by Bill of Attainder was,
because there was no legal evidence to convict him of
high treason before the Lords".--What was principally

* By a Bill of attainder, or of pains and penalties, any one may be attainted of
treason or felony, and pains and penalties inflicted beyond or contrary to the existing
law. A Bill similar to the present passed in the 9th of George I., inflicting certain
pains and penalties on the Bishop of Rochester, Kelly, and others, for being con-
cerned in Layer's conspiracy; and these persons were condemned by the Parliament
without such evidence as would have been required in the common courts of law. Of
a similar nature was an Act passed in the 22d of Henry VIII., chap. 9, which or-
dained retrospectively, that one John Roose, a cook, who had been some time

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 575
---
- When chosen.
insisted on by the Earl's enemies at the trial was, that he
had an intention to alter the constitution from a limited to
an absolute monarchy, which, they suggested, was high
treason against the kingdom, if not against the King.
The Lords having passed the Bill, at the instance of the
Commons, moved his Majesty to give the Royal Assent;
which was done by commission, as well as to another
Bill passed at the same time, for perpetuating the
Parliament l—by both which the King signed his own
ruin. He is said to have complied at the Queen's im-
portunity, to save herself and family. The Earl of
Strafford was beheaded on Tower-hill, May 12, 1641.
Bills were passed afterwards for taking away the Star-
Chamber and High Commission Courts; and for a
pacification between the kingdoms of England and
Scotland. To effect the latter, all the Scots' demands
mere gained. It is computed that their coming into
England, and stay here, cost this nation 1,100,000l., be-
sides the damage they did to private men. An Act
was also passed for the reduction of the rebels in
Ireland; wherein it was declared, that the King could
in no case, but in that of foreign invasion, press a free-
born subject into his service.
Twelve of the bishops, protesting against all Acts of
Parliament since they were withheld by force from their
seats, were at this time committed to the Tower for
high treason.
before convicted of throwing poison into a large pot of broth or soup (which he was
preparing for the Bishop of Rochester's family, and the poor of the parish), should
be boiled to death in his own cauldron, in Smithfield. These Bills, however, are
seldom resorted to ; being ea post facto laws, made for retrospective purposes, and
utterly inconsistent with the principles of public justice. The last attempt to pass
a Bill of this kind was the well known one of 1820, which was instituted against
the late Queen Caroline for alleged adultery in foreign countries.
Impeachment is an indictment or accusation presented by the House of Com-
mons to the Lords, as the supreme court of criminal jurisdiction. A commoner
cannot be impeached before the Lords for a capital offence, but only for high mis-
demeanors: a Peer may be impeached for any crime. On the trial of Mr. Warren
Hastings, a doubt was raised whether the Lords were bound by the same rules of
evidence as are admitted in criminal trials in the inferior courts. There can be no
doubt, however, that the House of Peers, in cases of judicature, are bound by the
same rules of testimony as are observed in all other courts.
576 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
This Parliament, which lasted 13 years, that is, from Nov.
1640, till its dissolution by Oliver Cromwell, the Lord
Protector, on the 20th of April, 1653, is known by se-
veral designations, viz. “THE REPUBLICAN PARLIA-
MENT,” “THE RUMP PARLIAMENT,” “ CRomwell's
LoNG PARLIAMENT,” and “THE BAREBONES PARLIA- -
MENT.” It received the latter nickname from the fana-
ticism of several of its Members, among whom was a man
named Barebones, a dealer in leather, in Fleet-street,
London; who, being infected with the rage which was
then very general, of changing the Christian names,
John, Thomas, &c. into Scriptural phrases, metamor-
phosed his own into “Praise-God Barebones!” During
the continuance of this Parliament, civil war raged over
the land, in consequence of the imprudent conduct of
Charles I. The opposing parties were styled Cavaliers
and Roundheads; but, properly speaking, the contest
was carried on by the King and his adherents against the
Parliament and the people. The plea for the long con-
tinuance of this Parliament was of course the necessity of
affairs"; for, during the struggle for superiority between
the King and the people, it would have been dangerous,
nay, impossible, to elect new representatives from year
to year. In fact, this Parliament had taken up the po-
sition of declaring itself sedentary until the affairs of the
kingdom should be settled: this was the only ground on
which they could contend with the sovereign at the head
of a powerful army; and it would have been unsafe for
them, as individuals, to have abandoned it. At all events,
let it be remembered that, if this prolongation of a po-
pular Parliament was unconstitutional, it was at least a
quid pro quo for the total want of Parliaments during
the twelve years preceding.
It may not be unnecessary to state, that the civil war was
commenced by Charles demanding the persons of five

* The King's consent to its perpetuity was extorted from him at a time of
extreme danger to himself and family; and under promises of pecuniary assistance,
which, doubtless, were never intended to be fulfilled.

HOUSE OF COMMONS, 577

When chosen.
Members of the Commons who were obnoxious to him,
and in going to the House in person to seize them". The
Commons, of course, felt themselves insulted, and their
privilege of free speech at an end, if they submitted to
such tyranny; more particularly as the King had im-
- prisoned nine Members in 1629, for speeches delivered
by them in their places in Parliament: accordingly, the
escape of the obnoxious Members having been connived
at by the House, and Charles being unable to find them,
although he and his officers made a strict search through-
out the city of London for that purpose, the harassed
and unfortunate monarch took the field against his
people and their representatives. The several defeats
of his armies at Edgehill, Newbury, Marstonmoor, and,
finally, his total overthrow at Naseby, are well known f.

* The King, while he was in Scotland, having discovered more fully the treason-
able correspondence between the Scots and some Members of Parliament, ordered
Lord Kimbolton to be apprehended, together with Sir Arthur Haselrig, Messrs.
Pym, Hampden, Holles, and Stroude: whereupon the Commons resolved, “That
whoever should attempt to seize any of their Members, or their papers, they should
stand upon their defence.” The King thereupon went to the House of Commons,
and demanded the five Members above mentioned, but they not being there, he issued
a proclamation for apprehending them ; and the same day the Commons voted it a
breach of privilege.
The city populace were now raised for their protection; and the Commons ad-
journing for seven days, ordered a committee to sit at Guildhall in the mean time.
The mob growing very dangerous, the King and royal family removed from White-
hall to Hampton-court; and the sheriffs of London, with the train-bands, and an
armed multitude, carried the obnoxious Members in triumph to their seats at West-
minster | The seamen and watermen, with above a hundred armed vessels, with
field pieces, flags, &c., as prepared for an engagement, advanced, at the same time
(January 11), up the Thames, from London-bridge to Westminster; for which they
all received the thanks of the Commons.
+ Upon the report of the king’s refusal to pass the militia bill, March 2, the two
Houses resolved “That the kingdom should be forthwith put in a posture of defence,
and that all the Lords Lieutenant in England should bring in their commissions,
and cancel them as illegal. They also ordered the admiral (the Earl of Northum-
berland) that he should equip the royal navy, and be ready to put to sea in their
service. All this was done before his Majesty had raised a single regiment, or taken
any measures for his defence.
The Parliament next proceeded to muster all the city militia, consisting of 12,000
men, in Finsbury fields. These were commanded by Skippon, and such other offi-
cers as the House could confide in. They sent also to the several counties to muster
their militia, pursuant to their ordinance, assuring them of the protection of the two
Houses against any that should oppose them.
And now the King thought it necessary to raise a guard for the defence of his
person, which consisted of a troop of horse, commanded by the Prince of Wales, and
one regiment of the trainbands,

4 E
578 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE

When chosen.
Having taken refuge in his kingdom of Scotland, the
army and magnates of that country treacherously and
The Parliament hereupon voted “That whoever should serve or assist his Majesty
in raising forces, were traitors;” and sent their serjeant to York, to apprehend some
gentlemen that attended the King there, as delinquents. They also published a
remonstrance, declaring the sovereign legislative power to be lodged in both Houses;
and that the king had not even so much as a negative.—On the other hand,
an engagement was entered into at York, by forty-six lords and great officers of state,
declaring that they would not submit to the orders of the two Houses; but would
defend his Majesty's person, crown, and dignity, against all his enemies. The King
having issued a commission of array, and made the Earl of Lindsey general, the
Parliament voted, that an army should be raised for the safety of the King's person,
and the defence of both Houses of Parliament; and constituted the Earl of Essex
their general. They also passed an ordinance, for levying tonnage and poundage to
their own use; and applied 100,000l. of the money, given for their relief of Ireland,
towards levying forces against the King. Mr. Hampden actually drew out the
militia of the county of Bucks against the King, and the nobility and gentry over the
whole kingdom, who would not declare against their sovereign, were plundered and
imprisoned, wherever the Parliament prevailed; some of them were even kept under
hatches on board the ships in the Thames'
The two Universities, greatly to their honour, about this time, made the King a
present of all their plate: the Cambridge plate, however, was intercepted by Crom-
well, and applied to the use of his enemies. In the mean time the two Houses passed
an ordinance for a weekly assessment, or tax, throughout the kingdom, amounting
to 34,808l. per week, for the maintenance of their troops.
A few days after the battle of Edgehill, the Queen landed at Burlington Bay, in
Yorkshire, and brought with her money, arms, and ammunition, for the King's
forces; for which, on May 23, 1643, Mr. Pym, from the Commons, impeached
her of high treason.
The Parliament, still apprehensive that they should not long be in a condition to
oppose the royalists, sent Sir William Armyne and Sir Henry Vane, junior, to
invite the Scots to come to their assistance; and they having agreed to invade Eng-
land, and assist their brethren at Westminster, the two Houses consented to take the
Solemn League and Covenant! Having made a new great seal, they declared that
all letters patents and grants, passing the great seal by the King, after May 22, 1642,
should be void; and that henceforward their own great seal should be of the same
authority as any great seal in England had formerly been. They committed the
custody of it to the Earls of Bolingbroke and Kent, and to Mr. St. John, Serjeant
Wild, Mr. Brown, and Mr. Prideaux.
On the other hand, the loyal Members of Parliament, being summoned by the
King to appear at Oxford, assembled there to the number of 44 lords, and 118
commoners.
About the same time, the Assembly of DIvin Es met in the Jerusalem Cham-
bers, in lieu of a Convocation of the Clergy: they consisted of about 118 puritan
preachers and 26 laymen, and were allowed four shillings a day, each, for their
services. This Assembly established “The Directory,” instead of the Book of
Common Prayer; voted as useless the Apostle's Creed, the Lord's Prayer, and Ten
Commandments; and passed an Ordinance for turning Christmas-day into a fast.
The Parliament voted, at the same time, that the clause for the “preservation of
his Majesty's person,” should be left out of Sir Thomas Fairfax's commission.
On Nov. 16, 1644, the proceedings against Archbishop Laud were revived, and
the Lords being of opinion that he was not guilty of high treason, the Commons
ordered his grace to be brought before them; and, without hearing any evidence but
what their counsel repeated, passed an ordinance to attaint him of high treason.




- -
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 579
When chosen.
most basely sold and delivered him up a prisoner into
the hands of the English Commissioners*; at length,
after exactly two years of restraints and imprisonment,
—during which he made several attempts to escape,
that rebellious spirit which his own tyranny and fatuity
had engendered and fostered burst through all restraint.
He was brought to trial in Westminster Hall, and sen-
tenced to diet. In little more than six weeks after his
The Lords, terrified, and threatened by the Commons, passed the same ordinance,
though they had declared him not guilty; and the archbishop was beheaded on
Tower-hill, notwithstanding he produced the King's pardon 1
On April 3, 1645, the Lords, passing the self-denying ordinance, for disabling
the Members of either House to have any commission, Sir Thomas Fairfax, Essex,
Manchester, Waller, and all the general officers (except Cromwell) who were Mem-
bers of either House, were obliged to resign their commissions; Fairfax and Crom-
well thereupon new-modelled the army.
After the battle of Naseby (June 14), the King's letters and papers, taken on the
field, were read in the House of Commons; and the Members made themselves very
merry with his private affairs. The King now sent several messages to the House
with proposals of peace, but they were rejected, and they voted against any personal
treaty with the King.
* The Scots having, by Montrevil, the French agent, given him an invitation,
his Majesty left Oxford in disguise, and joined the Scottish army near Newcastle,
on the 5th of May, 1646; but these traitors, notwithstanding their promises of
protection, delivered him up to the English, in consideration of 400,000l. of their
arrears being paid to them.
Of this sum the Marquis of Argyle received 30,000l. for his share, and 15,000l.
more were distributed among his friends. Several ministers of the kirk received large
sums; and the Duke of Hamilton had 30,000l. for the share which he took in this
infamous business. There were many, however, among the nobility and others in
Scotland, who were heartily ashamed of such a bargain, “because their nation would
be disgraced and infamous to the end of the world, if they yielded to this compact:
that by their oath of allegiance, and even by their covenant, they had sworn to
protect and defend him: that the King had fled to them for refuge; and if it was
against the law and practice of all nations to deliver up the meanest person who
came for shelter, how would the world condemn them for giving up their sovereign
into the hands of his mortal enemies, and this, too, by an act of their Parliament or
State P’”
t The King being brought from Scotland to Holmby-house, in Northamptonshire,
Cromwell sent a detachment to bring him to the camp. He was thereupon brought
to Newmarket, where the gentry resorted to him, with his chaplains and servants;
Cromwell making great professions of loyalty, and readiness to serve him.
At this time, the army preferred a representation, through their officers, for purging
the Parliament of all obnoxious Members, declaring, they would put a period to
their sitting, &c. : accordingly, they proceeded to impeach Holles, Waller, and nine
more of the leading Members of the Commons; and insisted upon their being sus-
pended from their seats: whereupon those Members thought fit to withdraw. The
Speakers of both houses, and fifty of the Members, now fled to the army for protec-
tion against the London mob; and several of the impeached Members fled beyond
Sea.
The King having for the most part marched with the army, after he left New-





580 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
decapitation, one branch of the legislature overlaid the
other two: the Commons abolished Regal power in
market, was, on the 16th of August, 1647, fixed at Hampton-court, where his
children, who were under the Earl of Northumberland's care at Sion-house, were often
permitted to come to him: nor were any of the nobility and gentry denied access to
his Majesty. Indeed, during the contentions between the Parliament and the army,
he was civilly addressed by both parties, but he did not think fit to show himself
more inclined to one than the other. Finding, at length, that the propositions made
him by the Parliament were very extravagant, and that Cromwell and his officers
were not sincere; having reason to believe, also, that his life was in danger, he made
his escape to Titchfield, a seat of the Earl of Southampton. He was afterwards
persuaded to trust himself with Hammond, governor of the Isle of Wight, who
detained him in the island, and gave advice to the Parliament where he was.
Whereupon the two Houses sent four bills for his royal assent. By the first, “he
was to acknowledge the war raised against him to be just; by the second, he was
to abolish episcopacy; by the third, to settle the power of the militia in persons
nominated by the two Houses; and, by the fourth, to sacrifice all those that had
adhered to him.”
On the King’s refusal to pass these bills, the Houses broke out into the most rude
and virulent language against him. A new treaty was, however, soon entered upon,
at which the Commissioners for the Parliament insisted that the King should acknow-
ledge they had entered upon a war with him for their just defence; and that he was
the author of the war, and all the calamities consequent thereupon : that he should
abolish episcopacy, settle presbytery, and transfer the lands of the church to the sup-
port of the state: that he should transfer the power of the militia to the Parliament,
and impower them to keep a standing army, and levy money to pay them: that
he should pay all the debts they had contracted, and leave the royalists to their mercy:
that the Parliament should constitute all magistrates, and dispose of all places and
offices: and that his Majesty should confirm their seal with all their grants and com-
missions. Although his Majesty granted most of these demands, the presbyterians
voted his concessions unsatisfactory; until the army usurped the supreme authority,
when they would gladly have revived the treaty.
They now voted, that they would make no more addresses to the King, but pro-
ceed to settle the kingdom without him. To this resolution the Lords gave their
concurrence, and his Majesty was made a close prisoner. They then declared it high
treason for any person to deliver a message from the King, or to receive any letter or
message from him, without the leave of the Houses. These resolutions, Serjeant
Maynard observed in the Commons' House, “did in effect dissolve the Parliament;
for there could be no Parliament without a King.”
On Nov. 30, 1648, the King was taken out of the hands of Colonel Hammond,
and carried to Hurst Castle, by an order of the council of officers; and the army
returning in triumph from Scotland, marched up to London, demolished all the works
about it, and quartered about Whitehall and St. James’s. Whereupon the Commons
declared “That the act of seizing the King’s person, and carrying him prisoner to
Hurst castle, was without the advice or consent of the House;” and resolved “That
his Majesty's concessions to the propositions, made him in the Isle of Wight, were
sufficient grounds for the two Houses to proceed upon, for the settlement of the
kingdom.”
Colonel Pride was sent by the army with a strong detachment to Westminster,
where he seized and imprisoned forty-one of the Members as they were going to the
House, and stopped above one hundred and sixty more from going in ; so that there
were not now more than one hundred and fifty who were permitted to sit, and these
were, most of them, officers ºf the army.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 581
When chosen
England, and shut up the House of Peers. The
government remained republican, but without any
ostensible head, until 1653, when Oliver Cromwell,
the favourite of both army and people, dissolved that
Parliament, which had worked so much good and evil;
and was proclaimed Lord Protector of England a few
months afterwards.
A detachment also marched into the city, and seized the public treasures that were
lodged at Goldsmiths' and other halls; and the vote of non-addresses to the King
was revived.
The King now being brought from Hurst Castle to Windsor, a committee of the
Commons met to consider how to proceed in a “way of justice” against him. At the
same time it was ordered by the council of war, that the ceremony of the knee should
be omitted to the King, and all appearance of state left off; and that the charges of
his Court and attendants should be lessened.
A solemn fast was next held at Westminster, “to seek the Lord and beg his
direction in this matter.”
Hugh Peters, the Protector's chaplain, in a sermon at St. Margaret's, told the
Parliament that he had found, upon strict scrutiny, “there were in the army five
thousand saints, no less holy than those that now conversed in heaven with God Al-
mighty;” and, kneeling down, he begged, in the name of the people of England,
“that they would execute justice upon that great Barabbas at Windsor.” His text
was, “Such honour have all saints;” and another passage which he cited was, “They
shall bind their kings in chains,” &c. He insisted, that the deliverance of the people
by the army was greater than that of the children of Israel from the house of bondage
in Egypt –The Members going directly from church to the House, it was moved
to proceed capitally against the King. The Commons then resolved, “That it was
treason in the King to levy war against the Parliament;” but the Lords rejected
the ordinance for the trial of the King. The Commons, however, proceeded to
resolve, 1st, “That the people, under God, are the original of all just power;”
2dly, “That the Commons in Parliament are invested with the supreme authority of
the nation, without King or House of Peers;”—and from this time they refused to
accept the concurrence of the Lords to their acts /
On January 20, 1649, the King was brought from St. James's, before the “High
Court of Justice,” in Westminster-hall, but refusing to acknowledge their jurisdic-
tion, he was remanded to Sir Robert Cotton's house. Being brought into the hall
a second and third time, and still persisting in denying the jurisdiction of the Court,
Bradshaw, the president, ordered his contempt to be recorded.
His Majesty being brought in, the fourth day, Bradshaw made a speech; after
which, the clerk was ordered to read the sentence; which, after several matters laid
to his charge had been enumerated, then concluded, “For all which treasons and
crimes, this Court doth adjudge, that he, the said Charles Stuart, as a tyrant, trai-
tor, murderer, and a public enemy, shall be put to death, by severing his head from his
body.”
The warrant for the King's execution was signed by fifty-nine of his judges; in
which it was ordered, that he should be put to death on the 30th of January.—About
ten that morning he walked from St. James's to Whitehall under a guard, where,
being allowed some time for his devotions, he was afterwards led by Colonel Hacker
through the banqueting-house to the scaffold that was erected in the open street
before it, where, having made a speech, he said at the conclusion, “I go from a tem-
poral to an eternal crown;” and then submitted to the block: being in the 49th
year of his age, and the 24th of his reign.



SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
REPUBLICA.
When chosen.
On the death of the King, the Commons passed an Act,
declaring it high treason to proclaim the Prince of Wales
(afterwards Charles II.) or any other person, King of
England, without consent of Parliament; and styled them-
selves “ the Commonwealth of England;” although they
did not amount to a hundred men. They next proceeded
to vote “the House of Peers useless and dangerous, and
therefore to be abolished:”—also, “that the office of
King of this nation, in any single person, was unne-
cessary, burthensome, and dangerous, and therefore
ought to be abolished.”—A new oath was now ordered
to be taken, instead of the Oaths of Allegiance and
Supremacy, called “ the Engagement;” whereby the
people were obliged to swear they would be true and
faithful to the Commonwealth, without King or House
of Lords. And an Act passed, that all proceedings and
process of law, patents, commissions, indictments, judg-
ments, records, &c. should for the future be in the
English tongue, only.
An Act being passed also for the sale of the Crown lands
at 13 years' purchase; and for selling all the goods,
furniture, jewels, paintings, and personal estates of the
late King (a great part whereof was purchased by
the Kings of France and Spain, and other foreign
Princes); between 3 and 400,000l. were raised by the
sale, for the service of the new state.

On the 20th of April, 1653, General Cromwell having
quelled the insurrections in Ireland and Scotland, and
defeated Prince Charles at Worcester, went to the
House of Commons with a guard; and taking a file of
musqueteers with him into the House, he commanded
the Speaker to leave the chair, telling them they had
sat long enough, unless they had done more good. He
told Sir Harry Vane, “that he was a juggler;” Mr.
Harry Martin and Sir Peter Wentworth, “that they
were whore-masters;” Mr. Chaloner, “that he was a
drunkard;” and Allen the goldsmith, “that he cheated
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 583
When chosen.
the public.” Then he bade one of his soldiers take
away that fool's bauble, the mace: Harrison pulled the
Speaker out of the chair; and Cromwell having turned
them all out of the House, locked up the doors, and re-
turned to Whitehall*. In the afternoon he went to
the Council of State, told them the Parliament was dis-
solved; “that this was no place for them,” and bade
them be gone, also.
Oliverio Crommell, Gubernatore.
Francis Rous, Esq. - - - - - - . 1653
On the 8th of June, Cromwell issued his letters of summons
to about 140 persons to appear at Whitehall on the
4th of July, to take upon them the administration of the
government. When they met in the council chamber
at Whitehall, Cromwell declared, “That they had a
clear call to take upon them the supreme authority of
the Commonwealth.” And produced an instrument
under his own hand and seal, importing, “ that he did,
with the advice of his officers, devolve and intrust the
supreme authority and government of the Common-
wealth into their hands, and that they, or any forty of
them, should be acknowledged the supreme authority
* The following is the gracious speech which this bold and successful general
addressed to the House when he dissolved the Long Parliament:—
“It is high time for me to put an end to your sitting in this place, which you
have dishonoured by your contempt of all virtue, and defiled by your practice of
every vice. Ye are a factious crew, and enemies to all good government. Ye are
a pack of mercenary wretches; and would, like Esau, sell your country for a mess
of pottage; and, like Judas, betray your God for a few pieces of money. Is there
a single virtue now remaining amongst you ?–Is there one vice you do not possess?
You have no more religion than my horse:–gold is your God.—Which of you
have not bartered away your consciences for bribes? Is there a man amongst you
that has the least care for the good of the Commonwealth 2 Ye sordid prostitutes,
have ye not defiled this sacred place, and turned the Lord's temple into a den of
thieves, by your immoral principles and wicked practices? You, who were deputed
here by the people to get grievances redressed, are yourselves become the greatest
grievance. Your country, therefore, calls upon me to cleanse this Augean stable,
by putting a final period to your iniquitous proceedings in this House; and which,
by God's help, and the strength he has given me, I am now come to do. You are
no longer a Parliament!—I say you are no longer a Parliament.—I command you,
therefore, upon the peril of your lives, to depart immediately out of this place.—
Go! get you out!—make haste:—ye venal slaves, begone!—So! take away that
shining bauble there (the mace), and lock up the doors.”



584 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
of the nation; but that they should sit no longer than
the 3d of November, 1654; and, three months before their
dissolution, they should make choice of others to succeed
them, who were not to sit above a year.”
It being moved, on Dec. 12, in this new sort of Parliament,
that their sitting any longer would not be for the good
of the Commonwealth, and that it was fit they should
resign their power to the lord-general; the Speaker,
with many of their members, went to Whitehall, where,
by a writing, they presented to his Eacellency Crom-
well, a resignation of their ponyers".
Lambert and the council of officers also gave up their pre-
tensions to the supreme authority, and declared, that
the government of the Commonwealth should for the
future reside in a single person ; that person should
be Oliver Cromwell, the captain-general; and that his
title should be, “Lord Protector of the Commonwealth
of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and of the Do-
minions and Territories thereunto belonging.”—They
also ordained that the three kingdoms should be united
into one Commonwealth and government—That a
Parliament should be summoned once in every third
year, and not be dissolved or prorogued in less than
five months, without their own consent; and that the
number of members for England should not exceed 400,
for Scotland 30, and for Ireland 30.
Then, the number of members to be elected for each county
and borough were specified, and regulated according to
the size of the respective counties. The corporations
were allowed to choose but one each, and many of the
smaller boroughs were totally excluded; the City of
London was allowed to choose six; some of the larger
cities two a-piece, and the Universities one each.-This
scale was so judiciously constructed that the rural
* Some of them continuing still to sit in the House, Colonel White went thither
with a guard, and demanded what they sat there for 2 They answered, “To seek
the Lord.” “ Pish 1” said White: “You may go and seek Him somewhere else,
for he has not been here these twelve years.” He then turned them all out: where-
upon many of them followed their brethren to Whitehall, and signed the resignation.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 585
When chosen.
population returned three members for one sent by
the towns; that is, in the proportion of 150 to 450:
by which means the population and wealth of the
kingdom were fairly represented.—None but persons of
integrity were to be chosen, of which the Protector was
to be the judge". Any person worth 200l. and qualified
in point of principles, might be a member, and sixty
members were to be a quorum. If the Protector re-
fused his consent to a Bill twenty days, it was to pass
into a law without him.
A constant revenue was to be raised, for maintaining
10,000 horse, and 20,000 foot, and a good fleet at sea.
Future Protectors were to be chosen by the council.—
In the interval of Parliaments, the Protector and his
council had the power of making laws.
William Lenthall, Esq., rechosen in . - - - . 1654
On Sunday the 3d of September, 1654, being Sunday,
the PARLIAMENT OF THE THREE KINGDoms, modelled
according to the late act of government, met; but, in
the beginning of their session, great debates arose as to
the legality of the present convention, and the above-
mentioned act of government: whereupon the Pro-
tector came to the Painted Chamber, and sending for
the members, severely reprimanded their insolence; after
which he placed a guard at the door of the House,
and would suffer none to enter, who would not sub-
scribe to a recognition, that he would be true and faithful
to the Lord Protector, and that he would not propose,
or give consent to alter the government, as it was settled
in one single person and a Parliament. 130 of the
members signed it the first day, and more afterwards, to
the number of 300 in all.
The Parliament still not answering the Protector's expecta-
tions, and particularly in not confirming his authority
of levying taxes upon the subject without their consent,
he thought fit to dissolve them on January 22d, 1655–
* In the writs there was a direction “that no persons should be elected (or their
sons) who had borne arms for the King:”—and this was universally complied with,
4 F
586
SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
Sir Thomas Widrington . - - - -
Cromwell's third Parliament met on the 17th of September
When chosen.
He then proceeded to divide England into eleven dis-
tricts, and in every district placed an officer called a
major-general, who had not only an absolute command
over the forces in his division, but a very great power in
civil causes.—England was never more powerful than
at this time; for, by the Lord Protector's extraordinary
energy, her arms were respected by every Sovereign
in Europe; whilst her laws being justly administered,
were cheerfully obeyed at home.
He suffered none to enter the House, who were not
approved by his Council, and who had not obtained a
certificate to that effect.
The officers of the army now petitioned against his ac-
Chaloner Chute, Esq. was chosen, but being unable to attend,
cepting the title of King ; and threatened him if he
complied with the Commons, who were about to make
him an offer of the crown. The Protector, however,
determining to revive the old constitution, issued writs
to several persons, to the number of sixty, to give their
attendance at Westminster, and compose a House of
Lords. They met accordingly; and when the Commons
showed some disgust at this proceeding, he swore “that
they were, and should be Lords.” Finding that the
Commons were still averse to his new scheme of go-
vernment, he sent for them to the Upper House, and re-
proached them for their seditious, ungrateful behaviour,
and then thought fit to dissolve this his last Parliament.
He died on the 3d of September, 1658, in the 60th
year of his age, having enjoyed the title of Protector 4
years, 8 months, and 18 days.
Riccardo Cromwell, Gubernatore*.
Sir Lislebone Long was elected, but vacated, after seven days
possession; and on the 15th of April,
Thomas Bampfield, Esq. was appointed
1656
'º
* It is well known that Richard Cromwell's Protectorate was but of short dura-
tion; for, lacking the fearlessness and energy of his father, he was compelled to
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 587
When chosen.
Richard Cromwell, who was proclaimed Lord Protector on
the death of his father, called a Parliament after the
ancient form; summoning his father's House of Peers
to meet, as well as the Commons, on the 27th of
January; but they had not sat three months, before
some of his pretended friends persuaded him to dissolve
them; at which time Richard's authority may be said to
have expired. For the Rump, or remnant of the Long
Parliament, which had been dissolved in 1653, imme-
diately assuming the government, Lenthall the Speaker,
and several of the Members, met in the House of Commons,
to the number of about 41:—several of the Members,
who were excluded in the year 1648, attempting to
enter with them, were stopped. This remnant of a
Parliament voted, that the Speaker should have the offices
of General and Admiral, and that all commissions should
be granted in his name. They then voted, that an
engagement should be taken, whereby every person re-
nounced the title of Charles Stuart, and the whole Line
of Stuarts, and every other single person pretending to
the government; at the same time declaring that he
would be faithful to the Commonwealth without a
bend before the daily increasing spirit of Monarchy, which had begun to rear its
head after the death of Oliver. Too humane, or too indolent, to punish the
favourers of the Restoration, he at length made way for the son of the decapitated
Charles;–glad, no doubt, to exchange his unsafe and uncomfortable seat for the
repose and happiness of private life.—Of those who opposed his short-lived power,
no one proved a sharper thorn in his path than the celebrated Sir Harry Vane, a
man whose character exhibits a singular compound of wisdom and folly. The first
Protector was assuredly afraid of him; but to the second he denied all quarter. The
following spirited but most daring philippic was delivered by him, against the Chief
Magistrate of the kingdom, in his place in the Commons' House.—“One could
bear a little with Oliver Cromwell, though, contrary to his oath of fidelity to the
Parliament, contrary to his duty to the public, contrary to the respect he owed that
venerable body from whom he received his authority, he had usurped the govern-
ment. His merit was so extraordinary, that our judgments and our passions might
be blinded by it. He made his way to empire by the most illustrious actions. He
had under his command an army that had made him conqueror, and a people that
had made him their general; but as for Richard Cromwell, his son,-Who is he?—
What are his titles?–We have seen that he had a sword by his side, but, did he
ever draw it?—and, what is of much more importance in this case, Is he fit to get
obedience from a mighty nation who could never make a footman obey him?—Yet
this man we must recognize under the title of ‘Protector!” a man without worth,
without courage, and without conduct.—For my part, Mr. Speaker, it shall never
be said that I made such a man my master!”



8 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
King, single person, or House of Peers. But their
authority was of short duration; for, on October 13,
General Lambert meeting the Speaker going to the
House with his Life Guards, dismounted the officer that
commanded them, and turned the Speaker back with
the assistance of his own guards. Thus he deposed the
Rump, and with his officers assumed sovereign power.
These were but twenty-three in number, most of them
general officers. They took upon them the exercise
of the government, under the title of “a Committee of
Safety;” proceeded to issue commissions for raising
forces; and General Lambert marched northward to
oppose Monk, who was upon his march from Scotland.
Monk, however, having consulted his officers, marched
forwards, and encamped at Coldstream near Berwick,
where he continued about a month. Lambert, with his
forces, consisting of about 12,000 men, lay at Newcastle.
In the mean time, Portsmouth and the fleet declaring
for the Parliament, the authority of the Committee of
Safety expired; and the Rump Parliament resumed the
government again. General Fairfax at the same time
declared for a free Parliament, and, being joined by
great numbers of gentlemen at Marston Moor, Lambert's
forces at Newcastle deserted him, and joined Fairfax,
who took possession of York, and kept a correspondence
with Monk, who now continuing his march to London,
took up his quarters in Whitehall.
The excluded Members thereupon assembled, took their
places in the House, and voted Monk “ General of
the Forces in England, Scotland, and Ireland.” Sill,
Monk continued to protest, that he would oppose, to
the utmost, the setting up of Charles Stuart, a single
person, and a House of Peers. The Parliament now
proceeded to pass an Act for putting the militia into the
hands of persons of quality; every officer being obliged
to declare, “that the war, undertaken by the Parlia-
ment against the late King, was just and lawful.” Then
they passed an Act (March 16, 1659), for dissolving
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 589
When chosen.
the Parliament, after it had continued in several forms
nineteen years, and summoned a Convention; having
first constituted a Council of State, consisting of thirty-
one persons, among whom was General Monk, Annesley
the President, Lord Fairfax, and Sir Anthony Ashley
Cooper.
The Council of State took upon them the administration
of the government, and issued several proclamations for
the preservation of the public peace, &c.
cARoló secundo, REGNANTE.
Sir Harbottle Grimstone, Bart. - - - - 1660
Afterwards Master of the Rolls.-Ancestor of Viscount
Grimstone (now Earl Verulam.) -
The Convention being assembled, Sir John Granville, on
April 25, delivered letters and declarations to the two
Houses, from Prince Charles Stuart, then in Holland,
which were read in Parliament: whereupon they voted,
“that the government ought to be by King, Lords, and
Commons.” They also voted 50,000l. for his Majesty's
present occasions:—and the King was solemnly pro-
claimed (both Houses assisting) both in London and
Westminster. Charles receiving advice of this, left the
Hague, and, embarking for England, arrived at Dover
the 24th of May, where he was met by General Monk.
On the 29th of May, being his Majesty's birthday, he
made a triumphant entry into the City of London.
Soon after which the regicides were brought to trial at
the Old Bailey, of whom twenty-nine were tried and
convicted, but only ten were executed. An order of
both Houses was also made for disinterring the bodies
of Oliver Cromwell, John Bradshaw, Henry Ireton, and
Thomas Pride, hanging them on the gallows at Tyburn,
and afterwards burying them under the gallows!
This Convention (which, in order to distinguish it from
that which afterwards dethroned James II. ought to be
styled “THE REstonATION of MonARCHY PARLIA-
MENTs,”) passed several Acts for increasing the King's
SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
revenue; and amongst others, one for establishing a
post office, &c. The revenue settled upon the Crown
at this time was 1,200,000l. per annum, which was to
defray the charge of the navy, guards, and garrisons,
and the whole expenses of the government.
Sir Edward Turner - - - - -
Afterwards Solicitor General, and Lord Chief Baron of
the Exchequer.
Sir Edward was the first of five Speakers who presided
in the Commons, during Charles the Second's LoNG
PARLIAMENT, which lasted 17 Sessions; that is, from
the 8th of May, 1661, to the 24th of January, 1679.
The King meeting his first Parliament on May 8, 1661,
acquainted them with his intention to marry the Infanta
of Portugal, which was approved of by both Houses;
for, besides Tangier on the coast of Barbary, and the
island of Bombay in the East Indies, the King received
with the Queen two millions of croisadoes; in con-
sideration whereof, she had a jointure of 30,000l. per
annum settled upon her.
Episcopacy was at this time restored in Scotland, and, by
an order of both Houses, the “ Solemn League and
Covenant” was burnt in London and Westminster, by
the Hands of the common hangman; and the bishops
took their places again in the English House of Lords.
—On St. Bartholomew's day, the Act of Uniformity
taking place, 2000 dissenting ministers lost their pre-
ferments.
The Commons inquiring into the king's revenue, arising
by customs, excise, crown lands, chimney money, the
post office, first fruits and tenths, and coinage, alienation
office, &c. and finding that they did not all raise
1,100,000l. per annum, the King was permitted to
sell Dunkirk (which Cromwell had with so much pains
acquired) for 500,000l.
The clergy, observing that the Crown expected more from
them in proportion than from the laity, were, at this
time, by their own consents, given in convocation,
1661
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 59 |
When chosen.
taxed in Parliament with the laity, by which they lost
much of their influence.
The Dutch encroaching on the English in India and Africa
at this time, both Houses addressed his Majesty to take
some speedy and effectual course for redress; assuring
him, “that they would, with their lives and fortunes,
assist his Majesty against all opposition whatsoever.”
In the first year of this Parliament Members obtained the
privilege of transmitting and receiving letters through
the public Post Office, without expense either to them-
selves or their correspondents. This truly useful and
important privilege obviously arose from the necessity
of a free and constant communication between repre-
sentatives and their constituents.
On Oct. 13, 1665, the Commons voted, that the thanks
of that House be given to the University of Oxford,
for their eminent loyalty during the late rebellion.
On Jan. 16, 1667, Mr. Edward Seymour, in the name of
the Commons, impeached Edward Earl of Clarendon of
high treason, &c. at the bar of the House of Lords; and
an Act was passed soon after for his banishment.
On Sept. 28, 1669, both Houses presented his Majesty
with an address of thanks for issuing his proclamation
for suppressing conventicles, and desired the continuance
of his care in that point. The Royal Assent to a Bill,
for this purpose, was immediately afterwards given.
A cabinet council was constituted at this time, con-
sisting of five Lords, viz. Lord Clifford, the Earl of
Arlington, the Duke of Buckingham, Lord Ashley
(afterwards Earl of Shaftesbury), and the Duke of
Lauderdale; which obtained the name of the Cabal,
from the initials of their names or titles. These Lords
were generally thought to be pensioners of France, and
to have advised the King to enter into an alliance with
that Crown; from whence they suggested that he might
be furnished with money without applying to the Parlia-
ment, which daily incroached on his prerogative.—The
King, having shut up the Exchequer by the advice of
592
SPEAKERS, &c., OF THE
When chosen.
the Cabal, published a declaration, with his reasons for
suspending payment till the last day of December. At
the same time, a declaration of indulgence was pub-
lished, for suspending the penal laws against dissenters.
In February, 1678, writs under the Broad Seal of the
Commonwealth having been issued during the recess,
for electing Members to fill up the House of Commons
in vacant places, the Commons voted those writs to be
irregular, and expelled the Members who had been
elected upon them. They also addressed his Majesty to
revoke his “Declaration of Indulgence to Dissenters,” and
to permit the laws to have their free course. He there-
upon promised to retract his declaration, assuring them,
“ that what he had done, in that particular, should not,
for the future, be drawn into example or consequence.”
On March 29, the Royal Assent was given to the Test
Act, which required all officers, civil and military, to
receive the sacrament according to the Church of Eng-
land, and make a declaration against Transubstantiation.
Sir Job Charleton, chosen on the 4th February 1672
Edward Seymour, Esq. (afterwards knighted) . - 1672, &c.
Sir Robert Sawyer, April 11th - - - - . 1673
On the meeting of Parliament, in May, after a short recess,
the Commons addressed his Majesty against the Duke
of York's marrying the Princess of Modena, or any other
person not of the Protestant religion; notwithstanding
which they were married soon afterwards. They re-
solved, about the same time, that the keeping any
standing forces, other than the militia, in this nation,
was a grievance:– “That, according to law, the
King ought to have no guards but the gentlemen pen-
sioners, and the yeomen of the guards;–and that it
was impossible effectually to deliver this nation from a
standing army, till the life guards were pulled up by
the roots.”

On October 14, 1675, the Commons proceeded to resolve
not to grant any supply to his Majesty, for the taking
off the anticipations that were upon his revenue; and

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 593
When chosen.
drew up a test to be taken by the respective Members,
“ disclaiming the receiving any bribe or pension from
the Court, for giving their vote in any matter what-
soever.”
In Sept. 1678, on the discovery of Titus Oates's plot,
they resolved, “that there was a hellish plot of Papists
te assassinate the King, and subvert the established
religion and government;” and soon after an Act was
passed “for disabling Papists to sit in either House of
Parliament.” -
On the 25th of Jan. Charles the Second’s LoNG PAR-
LIAMENT, or as it may be otherwise styled, “THE
CATHolic ExcLUsion PARLIAMENT,” was dissolved,
having sat 17 years.
Sir Edward Seymour* again chosen in 1678; but the King
refusing his consent, and the Commons insisting, the
Parliament was prorogued until the 15th of March,
when they chose
Mr. Serjeant William Gregory - - - - - 1678
William Williams, Esq. . - - - - - . 1679
On the meeting of the new Parliament, the Commons
resolved, “That the Duke of York, being a papist, the
hopes of his succeeding to the Crown had given the
greatest countenance and encouragement to the present
conspiracies of the papists against the King and pro-
testant religion;” and ordered Lord Russel to carry up
the said vote to the Lords, for their concurrence: where-
upon (March 30), the King came to the House, and
offered to put any restrictions on his successor, or to
consent to whatever laws they should propose for the
security of the protestant religion, mithout altering the
succession.
* There is an instance on record of the exercise of authority by a Speaker of the
House of Commons, which we should suppose without a parallel: it is related of
Sir Edward Seymour, when he was Speaker, that his coach breaking down at
Charing-cross, he ordered the beadles to stop the next gentleman's they met, and
bring it to him. The gentleman in it was much surprised to be turned out of his
own coach, but Sir Edward told him it was more proper for him to walk in the

streets than the Speaker of the House of Commons; and left him to do so without
any further apology.
4 g

594 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
He offered to limit the authority of a popish successor, “so
that no papist should sit in either House of Parliament;
that none of the Privy Council, or Judges, should be
put in, or displaced, but by authority of Parliament;
that none but protestants should be justices of peace,
lord lieutenants, deputy lieutenants, or officers in the
army and navy, during the reign of a popish successor,
and that none of these officers should be put out, or
removed, but by Parliament; and offered to consent
to any other limitations, so that the right of succession
was not defeated.”
The Commons of England, notwithstanding the King's
concessions, ordered a bill to be brought in, “to disable
the Duke of York to succeed to the Crown.” It soon
after passed the House, and was carried up to the Lords
by Lord Russel; but it was thrown out of that House,
at the second reading, on the 15th Nov. 1680, by a ma-
jority of thirty voices; the King being, at the time,
present in the House.
The city of Westminster, and other towns, having, at this
time, addressed his Majesty, declaring their abhorrence
of the late tumultuous petition for calling a Parliament
(October 27), the Commons resolved, “That it is the
undoubted right of the subject to petition for the calling
of a Parliament, and that to traduce such petitions, as
tumultuous and seditious, was to contribute to the
design of altering the Constitution.”
They also resolved, “That no Member should accept any
place without leave of the House; and “That, until a
bill should be passed, for excluding the Duke of York,
they could not give any supply without danger to his
Majesty, and extreme hazard of the protestant religion.”
Also, “That whoever should lend the King any money,
upon any branch of his revenue, or buy any tally of
anticipation, should be judged a hinderer of the sitting
of Parliament, and be responsible for the same in Par-
liament.”
William Williams, Esq., rechosen in - - . . 1681

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 595
When chosen.
The second Parliament, in which Mr. Williams was
chosen Speaker, was held at Oxford. The following
expedients were proposed instead of the Bill of Ea:-
clusion, viz. “That the whole government, upon the
death of his Majesty, should be vested in a Regent,
who should be the Princess of Orange; and if she died
without issue, then the Princess Anne should be Re-
gent: but if the Duke of York should have a son
educated a protestant, then the regency should last no
longer than his minority; and that the Regents should
govern in the name of their father while he lived, but
that he should be obliged to reside 500 miles from the
British dominions: and if the Duke should return to
these kingdoms, the Crown should immediately devolve
on the then Regent, and the Duke and his adherents
be deemed guilty of high treason.”
March 28, 1681. The Bill, however, was brought in
again, read the first time, and ordered a second reading:
whereupon the King came to the House of Lords, and
having sent for the Commons, he told them, “he ob-
served such heats among them, and such differences
between the two Houses, that he thought fit to dissolve
the Parliament”;” after which he immediately set out
for Windsor.
* Immediately on the dissolution of this Parliament, plots began to be hatched for
the destruction of the King and his brother; in which were engaged the Duke of
Monmouth, Lords Grey, Howard of Escrick, the Earl of Essex, Lord William
Russel, Algernon Sidney, John Hampden, and others. The Duke was pardoned,
but most of the other conspirators were beheaded.
Algernon Sidney, Esq. was arraigned at the King's Bench bar for high treason,
“in conspiring the death of his Majesty, and consulting with several other traitors
how to compass it; but more particularly for contriving a treasonable libel, wherein
he asserts all power to be originally in the people, and delegated by them to the Par-
liament, to whom the King was subject, and might be called to account.”
He was beheaded on Tower-hill on the 21st of October, 1683, glorying “ that
he died for the good old cause, in which he had been engaged from his youth.”
John Hampden, Esq. being convicted of a misdemeanor, in conspiring and con-
federating with other persons to make an insurrection, was fined 40,000l. and obliged
to give security for his good behaviour during life.
About the same time, the Lord Chief Justice, Jefferies, having persuaded the city
of Lincoln and several other corporations to surrender their charters, on the assur-
ance that they should be renewed with advantage, presented them to the King at
Winchester; and shortly afterwards twenty-five corporations in Cornwall, and six in
Devonshire, made the same foolish surrender, through the agency of the Earl of Bath.


596 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
JACOBO SECUNDO, REGNANTE.
When chosen.
Sir John Trevor, (afterwards Master of the Rolls) . . 1685
On the accession of King James II, to the throne, Feb. 5,
he went publicly to hear mass at St. James's Chapel.
He also published two papers taken from the late King's
(his brother) strong-box, to manifest that he had died
a Roman Catholic. But, notwithstanding his own fide-
lity to the faith in which he was bred, he assured the
Parliament, which met on the 19th of May, “that he
was determined to protect the church of England, and
maintain the liberties and properties of his people.”
He acquainted them, also, that Argyle was landed in
Scotland, and raising a rebellion there; and that the
Duke of Monmouth was landed at Lyme, in Dorsetshire:
whereupon both Houses resolved “to stand by him with
their lives and fortunes, against the Duke, and all other
rebels and traitors;” and passed a bill for attainting the
Duke of high treason.
The Parliament meeting again on the 9th of November,
the King made a speech to both Houses, saying, “ that
he had employed some officers who were not qualified
according to the Test Act, of whose unquestionable
loyalty he was satisfied, and hoped this would breed no
difference between him and his people.” The Com-
mons, thereupon, in their address, offered to indemnify
the recusant officers for what was passed; but inti-
mated their desire “that his Majesty would not continue
any recusants in office for the future”.”


* The King's next unpopular step was publishing on the 4th of April, 1687,
a declaration allowing liberty of conscience to all his subjects; and suspending and
dispensing with the Penal Laws and Tests, and even with the oaths of allegiance
and supremacy, on admission into offices, civil and military.—The declaration was
followed by another of the same kind, in the April following, when he proposed to
the officers and soldiers of his army to sign a writing in which they were to engage,
to the utmost of their power, to procure the Penal Laws and Test Acts to be
repealed. To his great surprise, instead of doing this, they laid down their arms:
The Archbishop of Canterbury, the Bishops of St. Asaph, Ely, Chichester, Bath
and Wells, Peterborough and Bristol, now signed a petition to his Majesty, to dis-
pense with their distributing and reading the Declaration for suspending the Penal
Laws; which being denominated a libel, they were committed to the Tower, on
refusing to put in bail. On their trials in Westminster Hall, the jury delivered a
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 597
- When chosen.
Henry Powle (or Powell), Esq. Speaker of the Convention”,
or REvolution PARLIAMENT 1688
verdict of “Not Guilty:” which defeat of a most tyrannous prosecution gave great
joy to the people at large, and was received with three cheers by the army.—Sir
Richard Holloway and Sir John Powell, justices of the King's Bench, were now
displaced, for giving their opinions against the Court in favour of the seven Bishops.
A thanksgiving for the birth of the Prince of Wales, on the 10th of June, was
observed in the Cities of London and Westminster. Immediately after which the
Prince of Orange published a Declaration, with his reasons for an intended ex-
pedition to England, viz. to facilitate the calling a free Parliament, and to inquire
into the birth of the Prince of Wales, who was alledged to have been spuriously
palmed on the public as the son of the King and Queen, although the son of other
parents.-The principal witness or author of this sham plot was afterwards (in
1691), voted by the Commons to be “a notorious cheat, impostor, and false
accuser.” On the news of the intended invasion, the King of France offered to
send King James 30,000 men, since his own forces could not be depended on; but
his Majesty was advised to refuse them.—He now proceeded to restore the charter
of London. And having desired the advice of the Archbishop of Canterbury, the
Lord Bishop of London, and their brethren about town, nine of the Bishops attended
his Majesty with ten articles or propositions, as the best means to restore his affairs:
the chief of which were, “that his Majesty would suffer the law to take its course,
and call a Parliament.” Whereupon he dissolved the Commission for Causes
Ecclesiastical, displaced the Popish magistrates, put Protestants in their places, and
published a Proclamation for restoring to the Corporations their ancient charters,
liberties, rights, and franchises.—But these concessions came too late. The Prince
of Orange, landing at Torbay on the 5th of November, 1688, arrived at Exeter on the
8th ; where an association was signed by the gentlemen, who joined him, to assist
and defend his Highness; and the Duke of Grafton, Lord Churchill, with several
other persons of quality, and a large body of troops, deserted his Majesty at
Salisbury. Whereupon the King returned to Whitehall, where he found the
Princess Anne had gone away the night before, after Prince George her husband.
The Queen and infant Prince were now sent over to France, and the King himself
soon afterwards embarked for the same country.
* The Convention Parliament was that convention of the Lords and Commons
who met at Whitehall, on the abdication of King James II., to settle the Prince of
Orange on the throne. This was in fact no Parliament, being without royal or even
popular authority, and being composed merely of some persons who had been in
the previous Parliament, with others who had never been members of either House.
The objects for which this meeting took place, happened to be successful; otherwise
the members who composed it were liable to trial and punishment for treason against
the reigning Sovereign. In order to screen them from such dangerous consequences,
should the King or his son ever recover their rights, an Act of Indemnity was passed
in the next session of Parliament, including every person who had been present at the
above meeting.—See two Protests of the Lords in the Appendir to this volume.
The Prince of Orange receiving intelligence of the King's departure, published a
Declaration, “requiring all those, who had served as Members in any of the Parlia-
ments held in the reign of King Charles II. to meet him at St. James’s the 26th of
December, together with the Aldermen and Common-Council of London”!!! Soon
afterwards, the Lords spiritual and temporal advised him to write circular letters to
the several Counties, Universities, Cities and Boroughs, to send Members to meet
at Westminster on the 22d of January. In the mean time they authorized him to
take upon himself the administration of public affairs, both civil and military, and
the disposal of the public revenue, till the said meeting of a second Convention.
Accordingly, on the 22d of January, 1689, this Convention being assembled, the



598 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
GULIELMO III. ET MARIA, REGNANTIBUs.
When chosen.
Sir John Trevor rechosen in . - - - - . 1689
He was expelled the Chair and House, for having taken
a bribe of one thousand guineas from the City of Lon-
don, to promote the passing of the Act for establishing
what is called the “Orphan's Fund.” It appeared
afterwards, that he had made a regular practice of dis-
posing of his influence for money. Nor was he at all
singular in this respect, during the venal times in which
Marquess of Halifax was chosen Speaker of the Upper House, and Henry Powle,
Esq., of the Lower House. And the Commons immediately resolved that “King
James II. having endeavoured to subvert the constitution by breaking the original
contract between King and people; and, by the advice of Jesuits and other wicked
persons, having violated the fundamental laws, and withdrawn himself out of the
kingdom; had abdicated the government, and that the throne was thereby vacant.”—
This resolution was carried up to the Lords by Mr. Hampden; but they sent it back
with amendments; viz. instead of the word “abdicated” they put “deserted;”
and they omitted the words, “and the throne was thereby become vacant;”—which
occasioned long and warm debates between the two Houses. But, at length, the
Lords agreed to the resolution without any amendment; for the Prince of Orange
not only refused to accept the Crown, unless the power as well as the name of King
was conferred upon him; but insisted that the Princess (though entitled thereto
by hereditary right) should have no share in the government. If they did not yield
to this, he threatened to return to Holland, and to leave them to the mercy of their
exasperated sovereign. This threat soon silenced all opposition and debate con-
cerning the abdication; for they saw that William had them in a cleft stick; and
they had not forgotten that notwithstanding Charles the Second's Act of Grace,
previously to his recovery of the throne, the first act of his reign was to bring to
trial and execution the persons who had sent his father to the block and him-
self into exile. Accordingly, on the 7th of February, both Houses resolved that
“William and Mary, Prince and Princess of Orange (the son-in-law and daughter
of James II.) should be declared King and Queen of England, France, and
Ireland, to hold to them during their lives and the life of the survivor of them,
and that the sole and full exercise of the royal power be only in and executed by
the said Prince of Orange, in the names of the Prince and Princess, during their
joint lives; remainder to the heirs of the body of the Princess; remainder to the
Princess Anne of Denmark, and the heirs of her body; remainder to the heirs of
the body of the Prince of Orange.” On the 13th of February a deputation of both
Houses waited on the Prince and Princess at Whitehall, with the above resolution;
and with a Declaration, asserting the rights and liberties of the subject; and on the
same day they were proclaimed King and Queen, with the usual solemnities.-In a
few days after the coronation, the Lower House, terrified at hearing that King Jannes
had landed in Ireland with troops from France, begged their new King, in an
Address, to declare war against France; promising to stand by him '-Nor were the
Conventionists of Scotland idle at this juncture; their deputies made a formal offer
of the Scottish crown to William, in the Banqueting House, Whitehall, on the
11th of May; and he, in return, most graciously gave the Royal Assent on
July 22d to a Bill for the abolition of Episcopacy in Scotland.--The Parliament
of Ireland, on the other hand, being in the mean time assembled by King James,
attainted all the Archbishops, seven of the Bishops, and many of the protestant
nobility and gentry, of high treason.





HOUSE OF COMMONS. 599
When chosen.
he lived. Mr. Guy, and Mr. Hungerford, were ex-
pelled from the House of Commons about the same
time, for similar practices; and in an inquiry which
afterwards took place, with respect to the means by
which a renewal of the East India Company's charter
had been obtained, Sir Thomas Cooke, one of the direc-
tors, and a member of the House of Commons, confessed
that he had distributed no less a sum than 70,000l., on
behalf of the company, among the friends of certain
courtiers and Commoners' But he would not acknow-
ledge that he knew that either the ministers or the
senators themselves received any part of this sum.—Mr.
Bird, an attorney, also, was brought down upon his
knees by the Commons for bribing sundry persons
belonging to their House.-Luckily for other delin-
quents, and they were not a few, an “Act of General
and Free Pardon” was passed in April, 1695; “which
was of singular comfort to all such gentlemen as were
in danger of being prosecuted for bribery, extortion,
and endeavouring to sell their country".”
On May 24, 1689, the Royal Assent was given to the
Bill, commonly called “The Toleration Act,” by which
Protestant Dissenters were indemnified from the penal-
ties of the law.—In August, an Act was passed “for
Payment of the States of Holland, for all Charges of
King William's Expedition to England;” amounting
to 600,000l.-Several Members grumbled and made
speeches at this extravagant demand; and some went
even so far as to say that the gift of three Crowns so
splendid as those of England, Scotland, and Ireland,
ought to have shielded the donors from any after-
charge:–but these gentlemen forgot that their creditors
* Bishop Burnet observes, “that few were preferred at this time, but Whigs,
except they purchased their places; for the WHigs,” he says, “set every thing to
sale.”—He also relates, “that he complained to King William of the practice of
the court in bribing and corrupting the Members of Parliament.”—To which the
King answered, “he hated it as much as any man; but saw it was not possible
to avoid it, considering the corruption of the age, unless he would endanger the
whole.”—Surely King James, with all his faults and Popery to boot, could not
have done worse than this.
600 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
were Dutchmen;—that they were inexorable: and they
were reminded that King William could still go back
to Holland and leave them to their fate |
In March, 1690, they granted to their Majesties, for their
lives, and the life of the survivor of them, certain duties
upon beer, ale, and other liquors; with other duties of
tonnage and poundage, &c.—In these Acts were clauses,
empowering the King to anticipate and borrow money
on his revenues, as he had desired in his speech. This
was the beginning of the DEBT, so destructive to the
NATION ever since. William's maxim was, “ borrow
what you can ; the more you borrow, the more friends
you make; interest is a stronger tie than principle.”—
Accordingly the ministry gave whatever interest and
premiums happened to be demanded for the loan of
money; and naval stores and provisions were taken up
at thirty, forty, and sometimes fifty per cent. Con-
sequently, monied men, and those that could bear
Stock", doubled and trebled their fortunes, by buying
up debentures and government securities.
* How this Anglo-Batavian Debt ever obtained the name of Stock or Funds, is
truly inconceivable; seeing that its very existence is proof positive of a total want
of either Stock or Funds !—But this humbug which was conceived by the Jews of
Holland, and brought forth by the “Glorious and Immortal Deliverer,” was sanc-
tioned, legalized, and baptized by an English Parliament; and, such is the virtue
of a name, that the inhabitants of these kingdoms have been gulled by it ever
since —King William was not so much to blame for laying the foundation of this
mighty Debt; for he was accustomed to such things:–in leaving his country and
his home, in severing the ties of consanguinity and friendship,-in forsaking the
scenes of his early recollections,—it is not to be supposed that he did so for the
mere purpose of delivering Englishmen from Popery (for which, by the by, he did
not care a straw), nor even for the parricidal satisfaction of dethroning King
James;–no, his purpose—like that of persons who go to the Indies—was to make
his fortune; and to gratify his ambition of taking rank with the great sovereigns
of Europe:—he came to shear, not to tend, the English flock; and so closely has
his example been followed by his successors, that there is scarcely a fleece left.—
William knew a secret, of which the unhappy Charles and the shamefully ill-treated
James were ignorant; -or rather, he pursued a policy which they were not per-
mitted to adopt;—for not only did their Parliaments deny these Kings the neces-
sary supplies for defence against domestic rebellion and foreign aggression, but they
even put under the ban of their high displeasure, and threatened with condign
punishment, all those who should dare to lend their sovereign a guinea in the way
of anticipation of his revenue; even though the same should be refunded by the
borrower himself, within the year !—William knew well the persons whom he
came to assist:—he knew why they wanted his help to dethrone their King and his
own father-in-law; and he was acquainted with the venality of many of the leading


HOUSE OF COMMONS. 601
When chosen.
In December of the same year the Commons addressed
King William, to make a provision of 50,000l. per
annum, for the Prince and Princess of Denmark: but
the obtaining this address occasioned such a misunder-
standing between the Queen and Princess, that the
Queen would have no conversation or correspondence
with her afterwards*.
Complaint being made to the Commons, in January, 1692,
of a pamphlet which endeavoured to show that “ King
William and Queen Mary's right to the allegiance of
the subject was founded on conquest;"—and of Bishop
Burnet's Pastoral Letter, advancing the same doctrine;
they resolved that the laurels of the Revolution be-
longed solely to Parliament, and ordered both pamphlet
and letter to be burnt by the common hangman.
A practice prevailed, at this time, of pressing landmen
for the sea service, by the officers of the fleet, who
carried them over to Holland and sold them to the
officers of the army.—Whereupon, the Commons ordered
their Speaker, Sir John Trevor, to lay this oppression
before the King, who (being in want of FUNDs) directed
“ that no officers should presume to press landmen for
the future.”
The first public lottery was drawn in 1693, by Act of
Parliament.
An Act was also passed “for the relief of orphans, and other
creditors of the City of London.”—The citizens had spent
men of the period:—he made his bargain accordingly. Aware that Acts of Parlia-
ment are all in all with Englishmen:—that whatever is law is submissively bowed
to ;-he, with his minions, organized a system, which might be carried on ad in-
finitum, of borrowing large sums from individuals, on the parliamentary assurance
of receiving perpetual interest or annuity for the same: he thus became master of
the resources of the nation; and whilst the captive money-lender was fast bound to
one side of his government-car, and a NATIONAL DEBT-PARLIAMENT graced
the other, both parties drew him in triumph over the necks of a highly taxed and
an insulted, because prostrate and unthinking people.—And this was the first effect
of “The Glorious Revolution” of 1688 l—How true it is that Englishmen have
long gloried in their shame!
* The circumstance which rendered this grant the more necessary, was the filial
attachment which the Princess Anne always bore to that father whom Mary's hus-
band had dethroned:—she continued her assistance to him to the last hour of his
life, and to her brother afterwards.


4 H
602 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the money they were intrusted with, belonging to the
orphans of deceased citizens, in building Bedlam, the
Monument, and other extravagant projects; therefore,
this Act was to pay the orphans a perpetual interest
for their money, at the rate of four per cent. ; and to
oblige the magistrates, &c. to mortgage the revenues of
the city. There was also an Act “for granting several
duties upon tonnage of ships, and upon beer, ale, and
other liquors;” for the purpose of securing certain re-
compenses and advantages to such persons as should
voluntarily advance the sum of 1,500,000l. This was
the foundation of the BANK of ENGLAND ; the sub-
scribers being incorporated.—See a Protest in the Lords
on this subject in the Appendia to this volume.
The ordinary and extraordinary expenses of the govern-
ment, in 1693, amounted to upwards of six millions
sterling.
Paul Foley, Esq. . - - - - - - -
On Dec. 22, 1694, King William gave the Royal Assent
“ to an Act for the frequent meeting and calling of
Parliaments.”—This was the important Triennial Act.
—Soon afterwards, another Act was passed granting to
his Majesty certain rates and duties upon marriages,
births, and burials, and upon bachelors and nidonvers!
At the same time the Commons addressed King William,
“ that he would take care, for the future, that this
kingdom be put upon an equal footing and proportion
with the allies, in bearing the charges of the war.”—
With which interference, his Majesty was by no means
well pleased.
1694
GULIELMO III., REGNANTE SoLo.
Paul Foley, Esq. was rechosen in - - - . 1695, &c.
It was resolved in this session that all clipped money
should be recoined; and it was immediately afterwards
called in by Act of Parliament.—An Act was also passed
for regulating trials in cases of treason and misprision
of treason; by which all the Peers are to be summoned
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 603
When chosen.
to attend the trial of a Peer or Peeress; whereas, for-
merly, the King appointed a certain number, usually
between twenty and thirty, if the trial did not come on
during the session of Parliament.—By this Act also
every commoner is to have a copy of his indictment, a
copy of the pannel, and counsel assigned him, and two
mitnesses are required to convict him;-privileges which
commoners were not entitled to before this Act.
An Act was passed, on April 14, 1696, for permitting the
solemn affirmation and declaration of the Quakers to be
accepted instead of an oath, in the usual form *.
At the commencement of this session, Charles Duncombe,
Esq., an opulent banker, was committed a close prisoner
to the Tower; being charged with making false indorse-
ments on Exchequer Bills. On the 29th of January,
being ill, his apothecary and his brother were permitted
to see him, when he confessed his guilt, and was ex-
pelled the House. A Bill was brought in for seizure of
his estate, and passed, after great opposition:—138
against 103. This Bill being sent to the Lords, they
desired a conference with the Commons, and not being
satisfied, though he had acknowledged the fact, they
discharged him from the Tower. On March 31st fol-
lowing, the Commons recommitted him We do not
find in the journals of the House of Commons, that any
thing further was done.
In Dec. 1697, soon after the conclusion of the peace of
Ryswick, the Commons resolved, “that in a just sense
and acknowledgment of what great things his Majesty
had done for these kingdoms, a sum not exceeding
700,000l. per ann. should be granted to his Majesty
during life, for the support of the civil list.”
Sir Thomas Lyttleton, Bart. . - - - -
In May, 1698, a complaint being made to the Commons of
a book, entitled “The case of Ireland's being bound by
Acts of Parliament in England,” (written by William
1698
* See Lords' protest against the passing of a similar Act in 1721, in the Appendix
to this volume.
604 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Mollineux, Esq. of Dublin), which denied the depend-
ence of Ireland on England, as to its being bound by
English Acts of Parliament; they addressed his Majesty,
asserting “the dependence and subordination of Ireland
to the kingdom of England.”
In December, John Archdale, a quaker, was elected a
Member of Parliament for the borough of Chipping
Wycomb, Bucks; but, upon his refusing to take the
oath, a new writ was issued to choose another burgess.
In the same month, the Commons resolved, “ That all
the land forces of England, in English pay, exceeding
7000 men (and those consisting of his Majesty's natural-
born subjects) be forthwith paid off and disbanded:”—
they also voted, “That all the forces in Ireland exceed-
ing 12,000 should be disbanded;”—but 15,000 seamen
were voted for the sea service.
In Dec. 1699, the Commons, inquiring into the forfeited
estates in Ireland, found that 49,517 acres of those lands
had been granted to the Earl of Romney; 108,633 acres
to the Earl of Albemarle ; 135,820 acres to the Earl of
Portland; 26,480 acres to the Earl of Athlone; (all
Dutch favourites) 36,148 acres to the Earl of Galway
(a French refugee); and 95,649 acres, being the pri-
vate estate of King James, and worth 25,995l. per
annum, to the Lady Elizabeth Villiers, Countess of
Orkney, a she-favourite of King William ; whilst
those British generals and officers, who had served in
Ireland, and been eminently instrumental in the reduc-
tion of that kingdom, had not a foot of land of all the
forfeited estates granted them: whereupon, they resolved
to bring in a bill of resumption, and to apply all the
forfeited estates and interests in Ireland, and all grants
thereof, and of the revenues of the Crown there, since
the 13th of February, 1688, to the use of the public.
On Feb. 21, 1700, they waited on the King with their
resolutions: in answer to which, his Majesty told them,
“he thought himself obliged in justice to reward those
who had served mell, and particularly in the reduction

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 605
When chosen.
of Ireland, out of the estates forfeited to him there; and
that their lessening the National Debts, and restoring the
public credit, he thought, would best contribute to the
honour, interest, and safety of the kingdom *!!!”
The Commons, therefore, resolved, “That whoever advised
his Majesty to return this answer, had used their utmost
endeavour to create a misunderstanding and jealousy
between the King and his people.”
Robert Harley, Esq. - - - - - . 1700, &c.
Afterwards Secretary of State, Earl of Oxford, and Lord
Treasurer.
A severe Bill was passed against the Catholics of England,
at this time.
A treaty of Partition of the Spanish monarchy having
been concluded between the maritime powers and
France, whereby Archduke Charles was to have Spain;
and Naples, Sicily, &c. were assigned to the Dauphin;
the House of Commons, on the 9th April, 1700, resolved
“That an address be made to his Majesty, that no
person, who was not a native of his dominions, except
the Prince of Denmark, be admitted to his Majesty's
councils in England and Ireland:”—but, to prevent the
presenting of this address, the King went to the House
on the 11th instant, and prorogued the Parliament to
the 23d of May.
Soon afterwards happened the long expected death of
* This was the unkindest cut of all: it was the devil, the father of sin, reproving
his votaries for falling into the snare which he had laid for them. But William
knew his men, and would not be controlled: besides, he had by this time worked
himself into consequence by his foreign wars and treaties; and he had his civil
Iist of 700,000l. a year, secure for life: which of course could not be revoked but
by Act of Parliament; and he would have seen them all hanged and quartered be-
fore he would have given the Royal Assent to such an Act. The above taunt,
however, is beyond all praise; for it was well-timed and richly deserved.—But, how
spiritless were those who could bear with it—without even one word of reply 1–Was
there no one to get up, in his place in the House, to demand a return of the killed
and wounded at the battle of Glencoe? and that all documents connected with that
Right-Royal massacre might be laid on the table?—Such a demand would have been
perfectly legitimate and proper; seeing that the miserable Parliament of Scotland,
whose proper business such an inquiry was, had met for that purpose in May, 1695;
but, being either overawed or bribed by William, had separated without coming to
any resolution, or making any order on the subject!
606 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Charles II. King of Spain. Having been provoked, by
the partition of his dominions by foreigners, he had
made his will, disposing of his Crown to Philip, Duke
of Anjou, second son to the Dauphin of France. Lewis
XIV. now caused the young King to be proclaimed at
Madrid, and put him in possession of all the Spanish
dominions; against which the Emperor and the Pope
protested. The English and Dutch presented memo-
rials to the French ambassador on the subject; but no
notice was taken of them.
On the 20th March, 1701, the House of Lords addressed
his Majesty upon this event, showing the ill conse-
quences of the treaty of partition to the peace and safety
of Europe; and desired his Majesty, that, “for the
future, he would communicate all matters of importance
relating to his British dominions, to a council of his
natural-born subjects, whose interest it was to consult
the welfare of their country; and whose experience
and knowledge of their country would also render them
more capable than strangers of advising his Majesty in
the true interests of it.” They advised his Majesty,
also, “That, in future treaties with the French King,
he would proceed with such caution as might carry a
real security.” The Commons, likewise, after long and
violent debates, addressed his Majesty on the same sub-
ject, laying before him the ill consequences” of the Treaty
of Partition; condemning it as unjust and inexpedient;
wholly foreign to the interests of Great Britain, and
inevitably calculated to embroil all Europe in war.
This bold and spirited opposition of the Parliament had
* This was, in truth, a most iniquitous treaty, and more than any other circum-
stance in the conduct of William, serves to prove the charge which has been brought
against him, of often forgetting the interests of the people, who raised him to a throne,
for the sake of playing a principal part in the intrigues of continental Europe.
In the course of the debates on this subject, Sir Edward Seymour, a very popular
Member, said that he could compare the Treaty of Partition to nothing better than
“ a scheme of highway robbery,” and Mr. Howe following out the idea, denounced
it as “a conspiracy to commit felony.” William is said to have been so much
offended by these expressions, that he declared “he would have demanded personal
satisfaction for them with his sword, had he not been restrained by the disparity of
condition between him and the gentlemen who used them "
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 607
When chosen.
all the effect desired; for William not only abandoned
the Treaty, but soon afterwards wrote a letter to King
Philip, congratulating him on his Accession to the
throne of Spain. The States-General soon followed his
example.
In April, 1701, the Commons impeached the four Lords
who had negotiated this Treaty, and addressed his
Majesty to remove them from his council and presence
for ever: viz. John Lord Somers, Edward Earl of Orford,
Charles Lord Halifax, and William Earl of Portland.
The House of Lords, on the other hand, addressed his
Majesty to pass no censure upon them until judgment
was given against them.
On June 17th, however, the Lords having proceeded to
the trial of Lord Somers in Westminster-hall, and the
Commons not appearing, they acquitted him, and dis-
missed the impeachment; as they afterwards did the
other three.
On Feb. 20th, 1702, soon after the Treaty of “the Grand
Alliance” (entered into against France, for proclaiming
Prince James-Francis-Edward as James III. of Eng-
land, &c., in the room of his late father James II.)
King William was thrown from his horse and broke his
collar-bone. His case appearing desperate, he signed
a commission for passing an Act “for the further secu-
rity of his person; for the succession of the Crown in
the Protestant line; and for extinguishing the hopes of
the Prince of Wales, and all other Pretenders, and
their open and secret abettors.” This was the Act that
first enjoined the taking of the “Abjuration Oath,” and
was the last public Act passed in this reign".

*It has been said that a king is the father of his people: —it may be so. To the
people of Britain and Ireland, however, King William the Third was a step-father,
and that, too, in the very worst sense of the word:—like his prototype, the Norman,
he plundered those whom he had sworn to protect, in order to enrich and pamper his
own kindred and creatures. But, although England has hitherto been most unfor-
tunate in her rulers bearing the name of WILLIAM (not forgetting William Pitt),
it is a matter of national congratulation that the Fourt H of that name is likely, by
his patriotic exertions, to restore to his people those rights and liberties, of which they
have been so long deprived by the confiscations of a Conqueror, and the debts of a
60S SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
ANNA, REGNANTE.
When chosen.
John Smith, Esq. (afterwards Teller of the Exchequer). 1702, &c.
On the accession of Queen Anne, each House of Parlia-
ment attended her Majesty with an Address, condoling
the loss of the late King, and congratulating her accession
to the Throne; and assuring her, they would assist and
support her in the Throne where God had placed her,
against the pretended Prince of Wales and all her
enemies; and addresses of condolence and congratulation
immediately followed from all parts of England".
On March 14, the Commons resolved, “That the same
revenue that had been settled on King William, should
be settled on her Majesty for life.”
A singular Act was passed this session, “to compel the Jews
to maintain and provide for their Protestant children "
In Feb. 1703, a book, entitled “ The shortest way with
the Dissenters,” was ordered by the Commons to be
burnt by the hands of the common hangman, and its
author, Daniel De Foe, to be prosecuted at law. The
design of this book was to show “ that the Parliament
was about to enact sanguinary lan's to compel Dis-
senters to conformity.”
In December this year, a dispute happened between the
two Houses, in the case of Ashby and White, concern-
ing the right of determining controverted elections.

Deliverer. The Representation of the People in their own House of Parliament-a
consummation so devoutly to be wished!—will confer upon our present most gracious
Sovereign a crown of unfading glory; whilst the Norman will be remembered only
for his tyranny, and the Dutchman for his avarice.
* The Parliament of Scotland met on her Majesty's Accession, being the same
Convention that had assembled at the revolution: the Duke of Hamilton, and many
of his adherents, looking upon this Parliament to be dissolved by the death of King
William, withdrew, and refused to sit amongst them ; but the Queen’s Commis-
sioner, the Duke of Queensberry, produced her Majesty's letter to them, and con-
tinued the session.—In 1704, the Scots passed an Act, called “The Act of Secu-
rity,” wherein they provided, “That if the Queen died without issue, the States of
that kingdom should have power to nominate a successor, provided such successor
were not the successor to the Crown of England;” and, for their future security
against England, they enacted, “That the whole Protestant heritors, and all the
burghs, should provide themselves with fire-arms for all the fencible men who were
protestants, and that they should be disciplined once a month.”
In Sept. 1703, the Commons of Ireland addressed her Majesty, and acknow-
Hedged their dependence on the Crown of England.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 609
When chosen.
The Commons resolved “That the right of an elector to
vote was cognizable only in their House ; and that
Ashby having brought his action against the returning
officer for not receiving his vote, was guilty of a breach
of privilege, and so were all the lawyers, attorneys, and
other persons concerned in this cause.” The Lords, on
the contrary, resolved, “That if any elector's vote was
refused, he had a right to bring his action; and that the
Commons deterring people to bring their actions, were
hindering the course of justice”.”
In Feb. 1705, the Commons addressed her Majesty, that
she would use her interest with the allies, that they
might next year furnish their several complete quotas
by sea and land.
In March, an Act received the Royal Assent “for the
better enabling her Majesty to grant the honour and
manor of Woodstock, with the Hundred of Wootton, to
the Duke of Marlborough and his heirs, in consideration
of the eminent services by him performed to her Ma-
jesty and the public.” And in December, 1706, the
Duke having had great success in his campaign, an Act
was passed “for settling on him and his posterity a pen-
sion of 5000l. per annum, out of the post office, for the
more honourable support of their dignities.”
In March, 1706, an Act was passed “for discharging small
livings from their first fruits and tenths, and all arrears
thereof.”
In March, 1707, the Bill for ratifying the “UNION of the
two kingdoms of ENGLAND and Scotland,” received
the Royal Assent.
John Smith, Esq. rechosen in . - - - - . 1707
This was the first Parliament of Great Britain constituted


* At the breaking up of this Parliament, in April, 1704, a libel was published,
called “Legion's humble Address to the House of Lords;” setting forth, “ that
the House of Commons had betrayed their trust, given up the people's liberties,
and were become an unlawful assembly; and ought to be deposed by the same rule
that oppressed subjects have in all ages deposed bloody and tyrannical princes: and
that the tyranny of five hundred usurpers was no more to be endured than that of
one; since no number or quality of persons could make that lawful, which in its
nature was not so.”
4
610 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
by the Union of Scotland with England, which com-
menced on May-day, 1707 (summoned for the 23d of
October following, and dissolved the 15th of April, 1708.)
The only Acts of consequence which were passed in the
BRITISH PARLIAMENT, during its first session, was one
“for preserving the privileges of ambassadors, and other
public ministers of foreign Princes and states;” and an-
other “for the public registering of deeds, conveyances,
wills and mortgages, within the county of Middlesex.”
Sir Richard Onslow, Bart. - - - - -
In Nov. 1709, Dr. Henry Sacheverel preached that
sermon before the Lord Mayor and Aldermen at St.
Paul's, which gave so much offence; he charged the
ministry with being false brethren to the church they
pretended to be members of: which being complained
of in the House of Commons, they resolved, “that the
sermon preached by Dr. Sacheverel at the Assizes at
Derby, on the 15th of August last, and the sermon
preached by him at St. Paul's on the 5th of November,
were malicious, scandalous, and seditious libels, highly
reflecting upon her Majesty and her government, the
late happy revolution, and the Protestant succession.”
Articles of impeachment were soon afterwards carried up to
the Lords, and Dr. Sacheverel was brought to trial in
Westminster Hall. Being convicted of a misdemeanor,
the Commons went up to the Lords, and demanded judg-
ment against him; and he being brought to the Lords'
bar, and made to kneel, the Lord Chancellor pronounced
his sentence, viz. “That he should forbear to preach
during the term of three years; and that his two printed
sermons should be burnt before the Royal Exchange,
on the 27th of March, by the hangman, in the presence
of the Lord Mayor and Sheriffs.”
It was ordered at the same time, that the Oxford Decrees,
lately published in a pamphlet, entitled “An entire
Confutation of Mr. Hoadley's Book of the Original of
Government,” should be burnt by the hangman on the
25th instant; and they were burnt accordingly.
1708
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 61 |
When chosen.
An Act was passed this session, for the encouragement of
learning by vesting the copies of printed books in the
authors, or purchasers of such copies, during the time
therein mentioned.—This is the first CoPYRIGHT Act.
William Bromley, Esq. . - - - - -
In 1711, the Commons addressed her Majesty, assuring
her they had an entire confidence in her wisdom and
goodness, in settling the terms of peace at the treaty
begun at Utrecht; but the Lords advised her to make
no peace, unless the French gave up Spain and the
West Indies.
It being resolved to build fifty new churches in London
and Westminster, the Queen greatly promoted the
passing of an Act of Parliament in order to effect it.
Great frauds were discovered in victualling both army and
navy at this time; the seamen in particular being
cheated out of half the provisions allowed to them by
government.—On the 21st of December the Commons
represented to her Majesty, that the Duke of Marl-
borough had converted to his own use above half a
million of the public money; and that Sir Robert
Walpole (afterwards prime minister) had taken a
thousand guineas of the contractors for forage in Scot-
land: whereupon, the Duke and Duchess of Marl-
borough were turned out of all their places, which
brought them in upwards of 62,000l. per annum, be-
sides what the Duke made abroad, which amounted to
as much more; and Sir Robert Walpole was expelled
the House of Commons, and sent to the Tower.
After the first general conference on the treaty of peace at
Utrecht, in Jan. 1712, the Commons represented to her
Majesty the injustice of her allies, in throwing their share
of the charges of the war upon England; showing that
our yearly expenses at the beginning of the war did not
amount to four millions; whereas they were now increased
to nearly seven millions, by the deficiencies of her allies.
—That the States General were frequently deficient
1710
612
SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
two thirds of their quota of shipping, and that in the
Netherlands they were deficient 20,000 men, and had
withdrawn almost all their forces from Spain; and that
the Austrians, nºkom it concerned most, had but one
regiment there; whereas, the English maintained sixty
thousand men in Spain and Portugal, and the charges
of shipping for that service amounted to eight millions
sterling; and that England had expended, above her
quota in this war, nineteen millions"; all which the late
ministry connived at, and, in many instances, contrived
and encouraged upon private views.
Sir Thomas Hanmer, Bart. - - - - - -
In the beginning of this Parliament, the Scottish nation
demanded a dissolution of the Union with England,
on account of the extension of the malt tax to Scotland,
as well as of the judgment of the House of Peers in
prejudice of their Peerage. This demand being put to
the vote in the House of Lords, was lost, by a majority
against the motion, of only four voices.
A complaint being made to the Commons of a pamphlet
entitled “The Crisis” (of which Mr. Steele, a Member
(afterwards Sir Richard) acknowledged himself the au-
thor); they voted it to be “a scandalous and seditious
libel, highly reflecting on her Majesty, the nobility,
clergy, gentry, and universities, and maliciously in-
sinuating, that the Protestant succession was in danger;
also that Richard Steele, the author, be expelled the
House.”
Both Houses of Parliament addressed her Majesty, just
before her decease, expressing “the just sense they had
of her Majesty's goodness, in delivering them, by a safe,
honourable, and advantageous peace (Utrecht), from
the heavy burthen of a consuming land war, unequally
carried on, and become at last impracticable.”
1713

* Here we see that King William's (the deliverer) system of borrowing on
annuity was working gloriously. The funds were increasing:-the NATIONAL
DEBT was getting on apace.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 613
GEORGIO PRIMO, REGNANTE.
When chosen.
On the accession of the Duke of Brunswick-Lunenburg
and Elector of Hanover, as GEORGE THE FIRST, to
the British throne; by virtue of several statutes for
securing the Protestant succession" (being great grand-
son of James the First, in the female line); the Commons
voted him the same revenue as the late Queen had ;
and on presenting the Act for that purpose, Sir Thomas
Hanmer, the Speaker, declared, “ that the Commons
could not enter upon a work more pleasing to them-
selves, than the providing a sufficient revenue for his
Majesty, in order to make his reign as easy and pros-
perous as the beginning of it had been secure and un-
disturbed.”
On the 19th of Sept., 1714, the day after their arrival,
the King and Prince held a great court; but the Duke
of Ormond, who came to pay his duty among the rest,
was not suffered to see him ; and it was observed, that
all the late ministry were frowned upon, and treated
as enemies to the Protestant succession ; nor were the
Commons thought better of though they had shown
themselves so extremely dutiful as to settle so hand-
some a revenue on his Majesty. A proclamation was
now issued for dissolving the Parliament; George not
vouchsafing them the honour of meeting them even
once!!—Indeed, the new Whig-ministry had played
their cards with great tact; for, they had impressed the
King with the notion that all their own enemies were
also his enemies.
In the mean time, a proclamation was published for a new
Parliament to meet; and the people were directed to
* Besides the Prince of Wales, at this time commonly called the Pretender,
(although there was no more pretence for styling him such, than there would be
for calling him an alligator; seeing that the House of Commons themselves had
proved the warming-pan story of Fuller to be a base lie and an infamous con-
spiracy), James II. had also a daughter by his Queen, named Princess Theresa-
Maria, who was, of course, in the line of succession to the throne. But William's
enmity to his father-in-law was shown even in the last act of his life, by cutting off
this last branch of the House of Stuart from all hope of inheritance.
614 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
choose such persons as had shown the greatest firmness
to the Protestant succession, nhen it n'as in danger*;—
his Majesty being persuaded, that the late Queen, as
well as her late ministry, were engaged in a design to
bring in the Pretender f.
The Honourable Spencer Compton . - - - . 1715
Afterwards made a Knight of the Bath.-Ancestor of the
Earl of Northampton.
In this Parliament (which lasted seven Sessions, viz. from
the 17th of March, 1715, to March, 1721), the famous
SEPTENNIAL Act passed (May 5th, 1715), which em-
powered the existing members to sit seven years instead
of three, for which they had been elected; and to trans-
mit to their successors the same power and privilege,
if not dissolved sooner by the Crown.—This Act was
passed under the pretence that the state was in
danger; but why was it not repealed when it was out
of danger?
The Parliament having obtained a secret Committee, of
* It is perhaps but little known that the Hanoverian succession was secured by
the accidental votes of two Welsh Members:–on the memorable day that the Bill
passed the Commons, Sir Arthur Owen, Bart., Member for Pembrokeshire, and
Griffith Rice, Esq., Member for Carmarthenshire, prevented the friends of the pre-
sent royal family from being left in a minority.—If it had not been for these two
gentlemen, there is little doubt that the Tory party in Parliament, by the influence
of the ministry, would have carried it so, that the Prince (James) should succeed his
sister, Queen Anne,—When the House was about to divide, one of the Whig
Members, seeing a seeming majority in favour of the House of Stuart, ran out of
the House almost frantic, in search of some of his partisans, to give a turn to the
question in favour of the Elector of Hanover. Perceiving Sir Arthur and Mr. Rice,
as he came out, walking about the lobby, and talking about their private affairs, he
addressed them vehemently, saying, “What do you mean, gentlemen, by staying
here, when the Hanoverian Succession Bill is going to be thrown out of the House?”
“When I heard that,” Sir Arthur used to relate, “I made but one step into the
House and my voice made the number equal for the Bill, 117; and the Tories
had no more.—Mr. Rice, with great gravity, coming in after me, had the honour of
giving the casting vote in favour of the Hanoverian Succession.”
f His Majesty's persuasion was perfectly correct; for Queen Anne, notwith-
standing her Protestant-Church-building virtues, and her “Bounty to the Clergy,”
endeavoured by all the means in her power, and during the whole of her reign, to re-
store the succession in the direct line, by securing the crown for her brother.—When
Baron Schutz, the Hanoverian minister, about a year before her death, demanded of the
Lord Chancellor a writ for summoning the Electoral Prince, as Duke of Cambridge,
to the House of Lords, her Majesty certainly gave directions for issuing the writ;
but she resented the demand so highly, that she forbade the Baron her court, ever
after.


HOUSE OF COMMONS. 615
When chosen.
which Sir Robert Walpole” was chairman, Mr. Prior
was ordered to be made close prisoner; and Mr. Thomas
Harley, and several more, were ordered to be appre-
hended. Then Sir Robert moved to impeach Lord
Bolingbroket, and Lord Coningsby moved to impeach
the Earl of Oxford of high treason; the Duke of Ormond,
also, was impeached of high treason, and the Earl of
Stafford of high crimes and misdemeanors. These violent
proceedings having made a great number of malcontents,
Prince James began to make some preparations for visit-
ing Englandf, of which the King thought fit to acquaint
the Parliament, and money was immediately voted for
raising forces “ to oppose the Pretender and his ad-
herents.” A squadron of men of war was ordered to be
equipped; and the guards were encamped in Hyde Park.
On the other hand, the Earl of Mar retired from court
into Scotland, assembling all the disaffected in that
kingdom; and the Duke of Ormond went over to
* This man (afterwards prime minister, and Earl of Orford) in 1711, was
expelled the House of Commons for taking a bribe. It was this English Machiavelli,
who, judging by his own heart, promulgated the detestable maxim that “Every
man in England had his price; and that he could bribe any member of either House,
no matter how virtuous.”—Acting on this horrid principle during his long political
career, he increased the national debt to a tremendous degree; thereby laying the
foundation of much of the misery now endured by the people of Great Britain and
Ireland.
+ On the meeting of Parliament, Lord Bolingbroke attended in his place in the
House of Peers very diligently the first week; but finding there was a design to
impeach him of high treason, he thought fit to withdraw to France. In a letter
which he left behind him, he expressly says that “A resolution was taken to pursue
him to the scaffold.” Mr. Prior thought fit to stand his ground, but was taken
into custody, and treated in a very gross manner.
: Prince James did make an expedition into Scotland and was proclaimed King:
but the royal troops being joined by the Dutch auriliaries, he was obliged to re-im-
bark, with the Earl of Mar, in about a month afterwards, and return to France;
whereupon his friends dispersed. The prisoners, however, who were taken, were
tried, and great numbers of them executed; among whom were Lords Kenmure and
Derwentwater. Much the greater portion of the prisoners perished in the gaols:
having no covering in one of the most inclement frosts that ever assailed this
country.—What contributed more than any thing else to Prince James's want of
success was the intimacy between King George and the Duke of Orleans, Regent of
France. The Regent afterwards declared to the British ambassador, “that he had
secretly prevented several embarkations intended for the service of the Prince; and
that he was in the habit of advising the Court of England of all his movements.”—
. This same Duke of Orleans compelled the Prince to remove from Avignon to Italy,
in February, 1716.





616 SPEAKERS, &c, OF THE
When chosen.
France: whereupon, the Duke and Lord Bolingbroke
were both attainted of high treason by Act of Parlia-
ment, and several persons, suspected of disaffection,
were brought up to London from all parts of the king-
dom; and an Act was passed “to suppress TUMULTs
and Riots, whereby it was made capital not to disperse
after a proclamation should be read for that purpose".”
In September, six members of the House of Commons
were apprehended on suspicion of disaffection,-witH
LEAve of THE Hous E + || |
At the conclusion of this session of Parliament was passed
a general Act of Pardon f, out of which, however, were
excepted the Earl of Oxford, Lord Harcourt, Mr. Prior,
Mr. Thomas Harley, Mr. Arthur Moore, and some few
more S.
On Dec. 4, 1719, Mr. Shippen, Member for Saltash, was
sent to the Tower for saying “ that a paragraph in the
King's Speech seemed calculated for the meridian of
Germany, rather than for Great Britain; and that it
* This is the famous Rrot Act : two persons were executed on it immediately
after, at Worcester. In June, the Guards being dispersed all over London and
Westminster, to prevent the people from wearing white roses in their hats, and a
riot happening in Salisbury-court, Fleet-street, between the Whig and Tory mobs;
these guardians of the public peace fired upon the Tories. Several of the rioters on
both sides being taken, five of the latter were picked out, tried, and hanged, at the
end of the Court, under this Act, on the 22d of September.
In December, the oaths of allegiance, &c. were tendered to all the people of
England; and those who refused to take them were committed to prison 1
+ Really, the Commons’ House had become wonderfully polite during the last
few years;–they proved, at least, that the electors had been obedient to King
George's proclamation on his accession; when “he directed them to choose only
such representatives as had shown the greatest firmness to the Protestant succession,
when it was in danger.”—With leave (!) indeed:—yes, the House gave leave; but
retained their privilege of not giving leave whenever it suited their purpose of
refusing it. They gave leave, too, to have their members arrested on suspicion of
disaffection. God help us !—The Parliaments of Charles and James were made of
sterner stuff: –they would have seen their Kings before they would have
given any such leave.—But perhaps the ultra-loyalty of this “SEPTENNIAL AND
Riot Act PARLIAMENT’’ may in some measure be accounted for, by the South
Sea and other pretty transactions of the year 1720.
+ Two hundred of the Preston prisoners were discharged out of the castle at Ches-
ter by this Act; but most of them had become cripples first, by the hardships they
endured in the preceding severe winter.
§ The Earl of Oxford, having lain nearly three years in the Tower, moved to be
brought to trial; and the Commons, who impeached him, not appearing to pro-
secute, he was acquitted,

HOUSE OF COMMONS, 617
When chosen.
was a great misfortune the King was a stranger to our
Language and Constitution".
In the same month, a petition of the Commissioners, for
building the fifty new churches, was presented to the
Commons, praying “ that the duties, appropriated for
building the said churches, might not be applied to the
rebuilding old ones!” but the petition was rejected.
On April 7th, 1720, an Act was passed “to enable the
South Sea Company to increase their cAPITAL stock,
by redeeming the Public Debts f.”
An Act was passed this year for securing the dependence
of Ireland upon the Crown of Great Britain; and it was
* It was a dangerous affair either to write or speak in those days. James Sheppard,
a young, enthusiastic lad, having said “ that it would be a meritorious act to kill
the King,” was convicted and hanged for high treason; and John Matthews, another
young man, was executed at Tyburn, for printing a treasonable paper, entitled
“ Voa, Populi, vow Dei,” wherein it was declared, “that a majority of the people
desiring a change of government, it was lawful to endeavour it, even upon Whig
principles.”
+ In the whole annals of literature or politics, there is not to be found a chaos of
absurdity equal to this Act of Parliament: it is nonsensical as regards meaning, and
swindling as to purpose. Stock, indeed! all corporate debts were becoming Stock
now ; –as to paying the Public Debts by means of a fresh debt, and with annuities
thereupon, it is really surprising how such a humbug could be swallowed;—but dearly
did our ancestors pay for their credulity! The very title of this Act might have warned
them from the ruin which followed. Ew pede, Herculem But the whole business
was a deep-laid plot to defraud the nation of their money through the medium of the
avaricious spirit of gambling which unhappily pervaded the people at this time. On
passing this Act, such was the fancied security that an Act of Parliament gave, -
South-Sea Stock rose to 310 per cent, and on the 28th of April, a subscription was
opened at 400. By the 2d of June the stock rose to 890, and upwards; but the King
going over to Hanover on the 15th of June, and many of the courtiers who went with
him, and others, withdrawing their money out of the Stocks, they began to fall: how-
ever, the directors engaging to make very large dividends, and declaring, that every
100l. original stock would yield 50l. per annum !!! it rose afterwards to 1000l., and
continued near that price almost to the end of July; but, before the end of September,
the Stock fell to 150l., whereby multitudes of people were ruined, who had laid out
all the money they had, and all they could borrow, and a great many, all the money
they were intrusted with, to buy Stock at 800 or 900l. for every 1007. The con-
sequence was, that hundreds rushed into the arms of death, by every mode that the
demon suicide could suggest:—the general consternation and misery were extreme!
Though the directors, only, were punished for thus abusing the people's credulity,
they said, in their defence, that the courtiers compelled them to proceed in the
manner they did; and that many of them had made much greater fortunes than even
any of the directors / / / The Mississippi Company, or Scheme, projected in France
by Mr. Law, the year before, was much such another bubble; and there it was
proved that the Court cheated the subject of a great many millions: indeed, it was
with difficulty that Mr. Law, the projector of it, was saved from being torn to pieces:
but that worthy gentleman afterwards returned to London, where he was mightily
caressed, although he had ruined millions of persons !


4 k
618 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
declared, that “it was lawful to appeal from the courts
of Ireland to those of England, and particularly to the
English House of Peers.”
In January, 1721, Knight, the cashier of the South Sea
Company, having absconded,—the whole scheme having
fallen to pieces, and almost universal ruin being the
consequence,—most of the directors were taken into cus-
tody, and an Act was passed “for raising money upon
the estates of the late directors, their cashier, deputy-
cashier, and accountant, and on the estates of John Ais-
labie and James Craggs, senior, towards making good (!)
the great loss and damage sustained by the said com-
pany; and for disabling them to hold any office or place
of trust, or to sit and vote in Parliament".”
In this month a second Act was passed, “for granting
the people called Quakers such forms of affirmation or
declaration, as may remove the difficulties which many
of them lie under t.
The Honourable Sir Spencer Compton, K.B., rechosen in 1722
On January 25th, the question being put in the House of
Peers “that the Act of Settlement was broken, by
sending squadrons into the Baltic,” it passed in the
negative; whereupon twenty Lords entered their pro-
tests.
On Feb. 15, 1723, John, Viscount Barrington was expelled
the House of Commons for promoting and carrying on a
fraudulent undertaking, called the Hamburgh Lottery.
* This Act would have been one of justice, had it contained a clause “for raising
money upon the estates of the Nobility and Countiers,” who profited so largely
by the grand swindle. The directors were of course guilty, both as agents and par-
ticipators; but the courtiers had the lion's share of the plunder, and they ought to
have been compelled to disgorge.
# See Lords’ Protest, at the end of this volume. It is a coincidence by no means
flattering to the character of this body, that the two periods at which they obtained
their extraordinary indulgences, should be those of the most gross venality and
corruption which can be pointed out in the whole history of England. A de-
velopement of the causes for conferring privileges on these persons, which neither
the King, the nobility, nor any other class of society would ever think of demanding,
would be a curious speculation.—Did money purchase these indulgences?—The
were granted, in the first instance, at a time when, as Burnet says, “the Whigs
put every thing up to sale;” at a time when the Debt was first palmed on the nation
as Funds;–and in the second, just at the bursting of the South Sea Bubble 1
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 619
When chosen.
Several noblemen and gentlemen having been committed
to the Tower, in October, 1722, “for conspiring to
depose the King and bring in the Pretender,” the
Commons, in March, 1723, voted some of them to be
guilty; whereupon several Acts were passed to inflict
pains and penalties upon them. The evidence against
them was the confession of one Neynoe, who was dead.
It was read against them, however, although neither
signed nor snorn to, by the deceased One of them,
Layer, was hanged at Tyburn; several were imprisoned
during pleasure; and the sentence against Francis,
Lord Bishop of Rochester, was, “That he should be
deprived of all his offices, dignities, promotions, and
benefices ecclesiastical, and be for ever rendered incapable
of holding any; and should be for ever banished; and if
he returned, should be adjudged guilty of felony without
benefit of clergy.”
On May 27, an Act was passed for suppressing a pretended
privileged place called the Mint, in Southwark, wherein
debtors used to bid defiance to their creditors.
On January 21, 1724, the Right Hon. Edward Howard,
Earl of Suffolk, was committed to the Tower by the
House of Peers, for granting written protections; and
Matthew Cater, his gentleman, was committed to New-
gate, for procuring and selling such written protections.
On May 6, 1725, Thomas Earl of Macclesfield, the Lord
High Chancellor of England, being charged with selling
the offices of Masters in Chancery, at extravagant rates,
and conniving at the Masters' embezzling the suitors'
money, to a very great amount, answered, “It was what
his predecessors had done before him.” The House of
Peers, however, adjudged him to pay a fine of 30,000l.
and to stand committed till it was paid; nor was there
one dissenting voice to this sentence".
* Jonathan Wild, the famous thief-taker, was hanged at Tyburn on the 24th of
the same month, for receiving stolen goods:–it would have been no great impeach-
ment on the administration of justice in England, had the Noble Earl borne him
company.-In China, such a plunderer of the widow and the orphan would have been
chopped in pieces before his own door.
620
SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
An Act was passed, about this time, “to enable Viscount
Bolingbroke and his issue to enjoy the paternal estate,
&c.” His Lordship had been pardoned for his treason-
able correspondence with Prince James, in April, 1723.
In May, 1726, an Act was passed for lodging the money
of the suitors in Chancery in the Bank of England.
In the autumn of the same year, a pension of 50,000l. per
annum was granted to the Swedes, according to the
Treaty of Hanover (of Sept. 1725), between Great Bri-
tain, France, and Prussia”.
GEORG10 SECUNDO, REGNANTE.
The Rt. Hon. Arthur Onslow (ancestor of Earl Onslow)
It was resolved by the Commons, in the first session of
this reign, “That the entire revenue of the civil list
(which produced 100,000l. per annum, above the sum
of 700,000l. granted to George I.) should be settled on
his Majesty for life;” also, “That a revenue of 100,000l.
per annum should be settled on her Majesty, Queen
Caroline, during her life, in case she should survive the
King.”—By which grants Sir Robert Walpole, who was
the first mover of them, recovered and established himself
in the royal favour, which he had lost; and became once
more prime minister—In the next session, the Parlia-
ment enabled the King to purchase the plantations of
Carolina, in North America, from the proprietors.-In
the third session, a letter from his Majesty to the King
of Spain, expressing his readiness to restore Gibraltar,
if the Parliament would consent to it, was read in the
House of Peers:–whereupon, after much debate, both
Houses addressed his Majesty, “that he would take
effectual care, in his treaty with the King of Spain, to
preserve his undoubted right to Gibraltar and the Island
of Minorca.”
On March 14, 1733, the Excise Scheme, as it was called,
was introduced into the House of Commons, and carried,
1727
* At the death of George I, the National Debt amounted to 30,000,000l. sterling.
HOUSE OF COMMONS, 621
~
When chosen.
236 against 200, at the first reading. This was a Bill
for granting an inland duty upon tobacco. But so many
petitions were presented to the House against it, that it
was judged proper to put off the second reading for two
months; and so the Bill dropped.
On his Majesty's acquainting the Commons that he was
about to marry the Princess Royal to the Prince of
Orange, they voted her a fortune of 30,000l. in ready
money, besides 5000l. per annum for life.
In December, this year, Richard Norton, of Hampshire,
Esq. left his real estate of 6000l. per annum, and a
personal estate of 60,000l. to be disposed of in cha-
ritable uses by the Parliament.
The Rt. Hon. Arthur Onslow rechosen in - - . * 1734
On March 24, 1736, an Act was passed to repeal the
statute of 1 Jac. I. entitled, “An Act against con-
juration, nitchcraft, and dealing with evil and nicked
spirits;” and to repeal an Act passed in Scotland, en-
titled, “Anent Witchcraft.”—The Mortmain Act was
passed on the 20th of May, in the same session; as was
also the “Gin Act,” the “Smugglers Act,” and an
“Act for borrowing 600,000l. on the Sinking Fund.”
On June 21, 1737, an Act was passed for disabling the
Provost of Edinburgh from holding any office of ma-
gistracy at Edinburgh, or elsewhere in Great Britain,
and for laying a fine af 2000l. on that city for not pre-
venting the execution of Captain Porteous, and punish-
ing those who knowingly concealed the offenders:–an-
other was passed at the same time, “for bringing to
justice the persons concerned in the murder of Captain
Porteous.”
In 1738, an Act was passed to enable his Majesty to settle
* On the meeting of this Parliament, the Earl of Stair drew up a protest,
stating, “that Colonel Handyside's regiment was drawn up in the Abbey Close,
at Edinburgh, at the time of the election of the sixteen Peers; and consequently
declaring the same not to be a free election, as they were overawed by those troops.”
—Another protest was made by a great number of Scottish Peers against a list of
Peers to be elected, made by the minister, and against the undue means that had
been used to induce the Peers to give their votes at the election.—Others protested
that the election was void on account of the undue influence that had been used.
622 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
an annuity of 15,000l. per annum on the Duke of
Cumberland and the heirs of his body, and an annuity
of 24,000l. on the Princesses Amelia, Caroline, Mary,
and Louisa.
An Act was also passed for granting liberty to carry sugars
of the growth of the British colonies, directly to foreign
countries; without bringing them first to Great Britain.
On March 17, 1739, Parliament granted 5000l. to a Mrs.
Stephens for communicating her medicine for the stone,
to the public.
On Nov. 21, 1739, a motion being made in the House of
Commons to address his Majesty, “never to admit of
any treaty of peace with Spain, unless the acknowledge-
ment of our natural and undoubted right to navigate in
the American seas, to and from any part of his Majesty's
dominions, without being seized, searched, visited, or
stopped, under any pretence whatsoever, shall have
been first obtained as a preliminary thereto;”—it was
unanimously agreed to ; and it was also agreed to desire
the concurrence of the Lords to their address, which the
Lords agreed to at a conference; and on the Friday
following the address was presented to his Majesty.
The Rt. Hon. Arthur Onslow, chosen a third time, in -
Idem, chosen a fourth time, in . - - - - -
In 1747, an Act was passed “for abolishing Heritable
Jurisdictions and Tenure by Vassalage in Scotland,” in
order to extinguish the power and influence of the
Highland Chieftains, who had two years before joined
the standard of Prince Charles-Edward, in his attempt
to recover the throne of his grandfather, James II.
In 1748 was passed an Act to revive and make perpetual
an Act “for the prevention of frivolous and vexatious
arrests.”
On Dec. 20, 1749, an Act was passed “for reducing the
Interest of the National Debt from 4 to 34 per cent.
for seven years; after which, the whole was to stand
reduced to 3 per cent.”
In 1750, an Act was passed “for the Encouragement of
1741
1747
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 623
When chosen.
the British White Herring Fishery.”—In 1751, one
“ for adopting the NEw STYLE in this kingdom ; by
which 11 days were annihilated; the 3d of September
being counted as the 14th.”—And in 1753, one “for
preventing clandestine Marriages.” Another “for esta-
blishing the British Museum at Montague-house.”
The Rt. Hon. Arthur Onslow chosen a fifth time, in . . 1754
Mr. Onslow was Speaker during 34 years.
In March, 1755, the King sent a Message to his Parlia-
ment to acquaint them, that he found it necessary to
augment his forces by sea and land, on account of the
aggressions of the French in the North American colo-
nies, &c.—And in March, 1756, he acquainted them that
he had received advice of the intentions of the French
to invade Great Britain or Ireland; whereupon, they
promised to stand by his Majesty, with their lives and
fortunes.
An Act was passed this session to oblige all persons to pay
an annual duty of 4s. for every 100 ounces of silver plate
in their possession, up to 4000 ounces; except plate used
for divine service.
In 1758, a treaty of mutual defence was agreed to between
his Majesty and the King of Prussia; in consequence
of which, the Parliament voted 670,000l. to his Prussian
Majesty; and also large sums (amounting in the whole
to nearly Two Millions), for the payment of 50,000
of the troops of Hanover, Hesse-Cassel, Saxe-Gotha,
Wolfenbuttle, and Bukkeburg, who, by this treaty,
were all to act under direction of the King of Prussia,
“for the defence of the Protestant Interest in Ger-
many.”
GEORGIO TERTIO, REGNANTE.
On the King's accession, an Act was passed for the
support of his Majesty's household, and of the honour
and dignity of the Crown of Great Britain; and another
for granting him an aid, by a land-tax of four shillings
in the pound. Others were passed for continuing cer-
624 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
tain duties on malt, mum, cyder, and perry;-for laying
an additional duty of three shillings per barrel on strong
beer and ale;—for a loan of 12 millions sterling;-for
a lottery;-for granting his Majesty one million sterling,
and for exempting the royal family from taxes on their
incomes;–one relating to the commissions and salaries
of judges;–one for the preservation of game in Scot-
land;—one for the relief of insolvent debtors;–and one
to enable his Majesty to be Governor of the South Sea
Company.
The National Debt, at the accession of George III.,
amounted to 98,604,836l. ; the annual interest of which
was 3,802,6731.
Sir John Cust, Bart. (ancestor of Earl Brownlow) . . 1761
The supplies granted for the service of the year 1762
amounted to 18,300,143l., and Acts were passed in
February for borrowing twelve millions, by annuities
chargeable on the sinking fund; and for levying duties
on window-lights, malt, &c. &c.
The supplies granted for 1763 amounted to 18,655,750l. *
Acts were passed for imposing additional duties on wines,
cyder and perry, malt, &c. &c.;-for granting the King
an aid of four shillings in the pound, by way of land-
tax;-and for raising money by lottery, Exchequer bills,
annuities, &c. &c. The nation was thrown into a fer-
ment by the cyder bill, and petitions were presented
against it; it was vigorously opposed in both Houses,
and a protest was entered against it by the Lords.
The principal objection against it was that permission
was thereby granted to excise officers to enter private
houses at pleasure, in search of cyder and perry which
might be liable to the duty.
The supplies granted for 1764 amounted to 7,820,102l.—
In January, the Bank of England obtained a renewal
of their charter for 21 years from 1765, on condition of
paying 110,000l., and lending Government a million
* The number of troops, by land and sea, employed at this time (being the last
year of the war) amounted to 328,146.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 625
When chosen.
sterling on Exchequer bills, at 3 per cent. Other bills
of importance passed this session were, for regulating
buildings and preventing fires;–for allowing time for
the enrolment of wills and deeds made by Catholics, and
for the relief of Protestant purchasers;–for lighting
and paving Westminster;-and for the encouragement
of the whale fishery.
The supplies granted for 1765 amounted to 7,712,562.l.
Acts were passed, raising 1,500,000l., by annuity at 3
per cent, by lottery and by tontine on lives;—for per-
mitting the free importation of provisions and cattle
from Ireland;—for providing a reward for the discovery
of the longitude;—for levying a duty on stamps in the
American colonies;–for purchasing the Isle of Man for
70,000l. to be vested in the Crown;–and for the relief
of insolvent debtors.-In April, Lord Byron being found
guilty by the House of Peers of killing a Mr. Chaworth
in a duel, was discharged on payment of his fees; there
being, fortunately for him, an old statute, which exempted
Peers, in cases where benefit of clergy was allowed,
from burning in the hand, loss of inheritance, or cor-
ruption of blood–In October, a general Congress of
the States of North America was called, for the pur-
pose of remonstrating against the stamp duties, and
other taxes laid on them in March. Of this, and the
disturbances which followed, the King gave notice to
the Parliament on the 17th of December. The Com-
mons addressed his Majesty in consequence, promising
early attention to the subject.
The supplies for 1766 amounted to 7,763,090l. In Feb-
ruary, after long discussions, both Houses determined,
without a division, “that Great Britain had a right, in
all cases nºbatever, and without any distinction in
regard to taxation, to legislate for the American colo-
nies:”—but, the Americans showing, by various acts of
insurrection and resistance, their abhorrence of British
taxation, the royal assent was given, on March 19, to a
bill for the repeal of the American Stamp Act; which

4 L
626 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
repeal caused great joy all through London, signalized
by splendid illuminations, and the display of flags on all
the ships in the river. At the same time, however, a
bill was passed “for securing the dependency of the
Colonies on the British Crown:”—how long this secu-
rity lasted is well known. In April, 1,800,000l. were
allowed to be raised by Exchequer bills; and the duties
on cyder and perry were repealed; others being substi-
tuted in their stead. In June, money was granted to
his Majesty from the Sinking Fund; 1,500,000l. were
voted to be raised by annuities and lottery; duties were
put upon houses and windows; and additional ones on
spirits. During this session, 91 public, and 101 private
bills were passed; among the latter were 48 Enclosure
Acts.
The supplies for 1767 amounted to 8,273,280l. In April,
1,800,000l. were authorized to be raised on Exchequer
bills and a lottery; and in May 1,500,000l. by annui-
ties and a lottery.—In June, the Window Act was
extended to Scotland; and the Land Tax was reduced
to three shillings in the pound, by a large majority
against ministers.-In July, an Act was passed “for
restraining the Assembly of New York from passing
any Act until they had complied with the Act of Par-
liament for furnishing his Majesty's troops with neces-
saries;”—and another for putting the American duties
into the hands of commissioners. During this session,
the royal assent was given to 95 public, and 114 pri-
vate bills, being the largest number in one session hitherto
known.
The supplies for 1768* amounted to 8,527,728l.
On March 8th, an Act was passed “for the more easy and
effectual recovery of the penalties and forfeitures inflicted
by certain Acts relating to the trade and revenue of the
British colonies in America.”
* In February, this year, the Act for limiting the duration of Parliaments in
Ireland received the royal assent. By this Act the Irish Parliament was to last
eight years.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 627
When chosen.
The amount of the National Debt, outstanding on the
dissolution of this Parliament, was 129,723,936l. ; the
annual interest of which, paid out of the taxes, was
4,646,027l.
Sir John Cust, Bart., rechosen in . - - - . 1768
On account of ill health, he resigned the chair, Jan.17, 1770.
In November, the King, in his opening speech, noticed the
state of insubordination of some of the American Colonies,
and their disposition to throw off their allegiance to the
Crown of Britain; also the measures which he had taken
for the support of his authority:-to which both Houses
replied by a most dutiful Address in support of his
Majesty.—The supplies granted for 1768 amounted to
8,335,746l.
On Feb. 3, 1769, Mr. Wilkes, who had been found guilty
of publishing a libel on the King, as well as a book of an
indecent nature, was expelled the House, and a new
writ was issued for Middlesex.-At the same time Miles
Allan, Esq. was committed to Newgate for challenging
Sir W. Meredith on account of words spoken in a debate
in the House of Commons. During this month, the
proceedings at the town-meetings of Boston, &c. in
America, underwent the severest censure in both
Houses; and the late Acts of the House of Repre-
sentatives of the province of Massachusets, which called
in question the right of the supreme legislature to make
laws to bind the Colonies, was declared to be illegal and
unconstitutional:—both Houses addressed his Majesty,
approving of the measures he had taken to put a stop to
the disorders in America; and recommending effectual
means for bringing to condign punishment the chief
author and agitators.-Mr. Wilkes being re-elected for
Middlesex, was on the 17th of Feb. declared to be in-
capable of being a member of Parliament after ex-
pulsion:-a new writ was issued, but he was again
chosen by a great majority. Such was his popularity,
or rather, so unpopular were the court party,+that this
man was chosen six times running by the electors for
628 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Middlesex; and at length, when allowed to take his
seat, he succeeded in getting the Minute of his ex-
pulsion erased from the Journals of the House"—Acts
were passed in this session for appointing commissioners
for the Land Tax;-to prevent mutiny and desertion in
the American Colonies;–to reduce into one Act the
Militia-laws;–to empower the Court of Chancery to lay
out the money of suitors in government securities f;—
for a lottery;-and for granting a sum out of the Sinking
Fund for the service of the year.—The supplies for 1769
were 6,909,003.l.
Sir Fletcher Norton (afterwards Baron Grantley). . . . 1770
The great question as to the legality of expelling John
Wilkes from his place in Parliament was debated with
great warmth in both Houses: at length, the Commons re-
solved, by a majority of 237 over 159, that the expulsion
was legal and constitutional. The Lords determined on
the same side by a majority of 464–Both Houses also
addressed the King, “highly disapproving of the lan-
guage and principles of an address and remonstrance of
the City of London to his Majesty; because it pro-
pagated doctrines which, if generally adopted, would be
fatal to the peace of the kingdom, and tend to the sub-
version of all lawful authority $.”
There being a great outcry both at home and in the colonies
against the duties on exports to America, the same
were this session repealed as regarded glass, red-lead,
painters' colours, paper, &c. &c.; but they were re-
tained on teal.
* See the article MIDDLESEx, in the Alphabetical Account of Counties,
Towns, &c.
# The Court of Chancery had at this time, in trust, property of different suitors
to the amount of 5,300,000l.
: Mr. Alderman Townsend suffered his goods to be distrained and sold by the
Commissioners of the Land and Window Taxes; alleging that he would pay no
assessments, because the county of Middlesex was not properly represented.
§ Similar petitions and remonstrances had been sent up from all parts of the
kingdom; but no answers were given to them.
| The colonists were so determinedly opposed to the principle of “taxation with-
out representation,” that even the ladies in America came to the resolution of discon-
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 629
When chosen.
A law was passed this session “to prevent delays of justice
by reason of Privilege of Parliament;”–40,000 seamen
were voted for the service of the ensuing year;-and
about 10,000l. were granted for the support of the
Foundling Hospital in London—The supplies for 1770
were 7,745,042l.
On March 9, 1771, the printers of several newspapers
having published the debates in Parliament, contrary to
the Standing Orders of the House, they were ordered to
attend the House of Commons; but two of them not
appearing at the bar, a proclamation was issued, and a
reward of 50l. was offered for the apprehension of John
Wheble and R. Thompson, printers of the Gazetteer and
the Middlesex Journal".
On March 13, the printers of the Morning Chronicle, St.
James's Chronicle, the London, Whitehall, and General
Evening Post, and London Packet, were ordered to
attend the House of Commons, for similar breaches of
privileget; and on the 19th the House issued an order
tinuing the use of tea until the tax should be abolished; and, at Boston and other
places, multitudes of persons, disguised as Indians, boarded the English ships in
the harbour, and threw their cargoes of this article into the sea, in order that it
should not by any possibility be sold.
* Wheble was apprehended, in pursuance of the proclamation, and carried before
J. Wilkes, Esq. the sitting alderman, who, finding no accusation against him, but
that he was taken into custody in consequence of the proclamation, immediately
discharged him, and bound him over to prosecute the accuser for an assault;
Thompson also was taken into custody, and brought before Alderman Oliver, who
immediately discharged him.
Mr. Miller, the printer of the London Evening Post, was taken into custody by
a messenger from the House of Commons, but refusing to go, the messenger took
him by the arm ; upon which Miller gave the messenger in charge to a constable,
who carried him to the Mansion-house, and laid a charge of assault before the Lord
Mayor, who sat with Alderman Wilkes and Oliver; in the mean time, the Serjeant-
at-Arms being apprized of the transaction, came to demand the bodies of the
messenger and Miller; but his Lordship said, that the seizure of Miller was illegal,
the warrant not being backed by a city magistrate;—and therefore he took evidence
of the assault, and demanded and obtained bail from the messenger, to answer the
complaint at the sessions!
+ Few persons require to be informed that the parliamentary reporters, useful as
they are allowed to be, are permitted to be present in the two Houses, merely by
sufferance. Their presence is connived at rather than sanctioned; and if any
member of either House were to conceive the whim of moving daily “the Standing
Order” on this subject, the occupation of the reporter would be gone, and the public


630 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
to John Wilkes, Esq. to attend the House on the 20th.
He however wrote to the Speaker, observing, that he
exposed to an absolute dearth of parliamentary intelligence”. –To take a single
note of what is said or done, is, legally speaking, a breach of privilege: and it was
only about two years ago that a respectful petition was voted to be irregular and
thrown over the table of the House of Commons, merely because it contained a
passing allusion to a previous debate, as recorded in the Times newspaper.—In
former times, when the powers of Parliament were ill defined;—when a Royal
Proclamation frequently superseded the joint deliberations of the “Collective
Wisdom;”—when Queen Elizabeth informed her “faithful Commons,” that they had
nothing to do but “to make roads and impose taxes;” and even threatened to pull a
Member's ears for daring to go beyond what she conceived to be his “line ofduty;”—
reporting was at least useless, if not dangerous;—for few persons could read, and
both orator and printer had every prospect of a lodging in the Tower, if they either
spoke or wrote any thing in opposition to the existing government:—but now the
case is altered; for almost every one can read, and both legislators and people
are benefited by this infraction of parliamentary law. Reporting, though crude and
slow at first, has progressively improved since the year 1779:-previously to that
period, the debates were given in a brief and unsatisfactory form in the public prints,
as those of “ the two political Club-rooms,” viz. the “upper room” and the
“lower room:” and the names of the speakers were indicated only by two or three
letters, thus:–L—d N—h for Lord North; Mr. P-lt—y for Mr. Pulteney;
G—rn—r J–st—e for Governor Johnstone, &c. &c.:—indeed, so much did our
forefathers dread the consequences of violating the canons of Parliament, that
many of them reported the speeches of the Lords and Commons of England as
those of Marcus Tullius Cicero, Curius Dentatus, Cato, Julius Caesar, &c. in the
Roman Senate!—It was only in the year 1779, that the Journalists ventured to
give the Parliamentary Debates without reserve;—attributing to each speaker his own
proper name, in full.
The late Mr. William Woodfall may be regarded as the father of this art in its
present almost perfect state; and Dr. Johnson has boasted that he amplified and
polished some of the elder Pitt's best orations for the press, when he himself was
unknown to fame, and had enough to do “to provide for the day that was passing
over him.” Mr. Woodfall did not take a note, but relied entirely upon memory;
the retentive power of which, as evinced by the fidelity of his reports, obtained for
him the character of a very extraordinary man. So jealous was the House at that
time of a practice now not merely tolerated but encouraged, that Mr. Woodfall,
when he visited the gallery, was obliged to study concealment, under the appre-
hension of being turned out if seen by the Speaker, or by any member particularly
adverse to his purpose, and zealous to maintain the rules of the House. It was his
practice to smuggle himself into the gallery, under cover of one or two friends, and
to take his station on the front row, immediately behind the clock, where he remained
out of sight of the body of the House.
The newspaper reports of parliamentary debate since Mr. Woodfall's time afford
a tolerably fair account of what has been spoken in the two Houses:—indeed, so
perfect is the system in all its parts, that the substance at least of every oration is

* It is a Standing Order of the House, that no stranger shall be present during a
debate. Any member may, therefore, enforce it at his pleasure, and it is not in the
power of the House to prevent the gallery from being cleared should he persevere in
his motion.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 631
When chosen.
was not required to attend “in his place” in the House,
and demanded “his seat in Parliament to which he had
been chosen by a great majority.”—In the mean time,
the Commons ordered James Morgan, the clerk to the
Lord Mayor, to expunge, at the table of their House,
the Minutes taken before the Lord Mayor, relative to
the messenger giving security for his appearance at the
sessions; and further ordered “ that no other pro-
secution, suit or proceeding be carried on for the said
pretended assault.”
seized, embodied, and put in type, with a degree of celerity, of which Adam Smith
had no idea, when he dwelt so emphatically on the benefits resulting from the sub-
division of labour. However long the House may sit, the morning journals are always
published before breakfast; and in all probability, what is called the “Budget,”
or any other important exposé, which is annually communicated by the Chancellor
of the Exchequer, is perused by every politician within fifty miles of London, long
before that honourable gentleman has opened his eyes on the light of day. Certain
journals publish millions of sheets in the year, and if we consider the number of
hands which each of these pass through, and the number of instances in which their
contents are transfused through other languages, it will be impossible to set bounds
to their importance and power. Many of the reporters are gentlemen of first-rate
education, and though they may not always seize the “ipsissima verba” of a finished
orator, it is generally allowed that the edition they give of ordinary harangues is
improved and embellished in a very high degree*. Wanting the instrumentality of
these gentlemen, the House of Commons would be like a ship without a rudder—
a body without a soul. The galleries of Parliament contain a very small auditory,
and if reporting were an art totally unknown, or unpractised, the proceedings of the
legislature would speedily degenerate into the insipidity and secrecy which distin-
guish the sittings of the Turkish divan. Reporting, too, is a great stimulus to
eloquence, and many a member is induced to put “his best foot foremost,” from the
impression that whatever drops from his lips will be perused by the universal British
people. Why then are not reporters more openly recognized;—why are they forced
to leave the House every time that a division takes place?—The names of the
members who vote on either side are always published by some means or other;
therefore, why prefer a surreptitious to a legitimate channel of communication ?

* In the House of Lords, though the reporters are permitted to be present, there
is no accommodation for sitting provided; unless, like monkeys, they choose to
squat on the matting below the bar. In the Commons, the back-row of the gallery
is reserved exclusively for them, by order of the Speaker: they also enjoy facilities
of ingress and egress denied to other strangers. A small room near the gallery is
exclusively appropriated to their use; where they draw out in full, such parts of the
speeches as they have noted in short-hand. By mutually furnishing each other with
such portions as are wanted, fair reports are sent to their different newspapers, as fast
as the debate proceeds. Other reporters are, in the mean time, busily occupied in
the gallery, in collecting further matter, who in turn are occasionally relieved by those
from the little room. In this manner a tolerably faithful report of an evening's
debate is supplied to the public. The speeches thus given are sometimes looked
over, retouched, and improved by the speakers themselves, previously to being sent
to press.

632 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
On March 20th, the Right Hon. Brass Crosby, Lord
Mayor, and Alderman Oliver, were required by the
Commons to attend in their places in the House, which
they did on the 24th, when a long debate ensued upon
their conduct respecting a messenger of the House. His
Lordship being indisposed, begged permission to retire,
which was granted, and he returned to the City at-
tended by a great concourse of people, who took the
horses from his coach and dragged it to the Mansion-
house. The House of Commons, about 3 o'clock the next
morning, finished the debate, when Alderman Oliver was
ordered to be sent to the Tower.—On the 27th the Lord
Mayor attended pursuant to order, and the Guards were
called out to preserve the peace. The House, after a
long discussion, ordered his Lordship to the Tower for
a breach of the privileges of the House; the numbers
were, for the committal 202, against it 39.
On April 5th, the Lord Mayor was brought by writ of
Habeas Corpus before Lord Chief Justice De Grey, in
Lincoln’s-inn-fields; when his Lordship was of opinion
that the Lord Mayor must be recommitted, as the
Parliament was not prorogued.—On April 22, he was
brought from the Tower to the Court of Common Pleas,
and a solemn argument was held on the subject of his
Lordship's commitment by the House of Commons,
when the Court determined, “ that no Court of Justice
had any jurisdiction over the House of Commons, and
that a power over their own Members was vested in
them by the very fundamentals of the Constitution;
and that his Lordship's act was not only a contempt
of the House, but of the City of London, which was
virtually represented in it:”—his Lordship was there-
fore remanded back to the Tower.
On April 30, Richard Oliver, Esq. was brought by writ
of Habeas Corpus before the Barons of the Exchequer,
when a motion was made for his release from the Tower,
but the Barons were of opinion that he ought to be re-
manded, and he was accordingly.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 633
When chosen.
On the 8th of May, however, in consequence of the session
of Parliament being terminated, several of the aldermen
and common council proceeded to the Tower, to conduct
the Lord Mayor and alderman Oliver to the Mansion-
house in the state coach; the cavalcade was attended
by an immense concourse of people, who testified their
joy on the occasion by continued acclamations; and at
night the city was illuminated".
An Act was passed this session “to restrain divorced
persons from marrying the offending party.”—The sup-
plies granted for 1771 amounted to 7,158,7791.
In Feb. 1772, a petition was presented to the Commons
by several clergymen of the church of England, as well
as by certain professors of civil law, and physic, against
subscribing to the 39 articles of religion; but it was
rejected by a majority of 217 over 71. In May, how-
ever, a Bill was brought in for the relief of protestant
dissenters, to the same purport; which was carried
without a division, although it occasioned a very warm
discussion. Acts were passed—for regulating the future
marriages of the royal family t i-to allow a drawback
on the exportation of tea to Ireland and America, and
for the importation of wheat, rice, flour, meal, bread,
biscuit, salted provisions, butter, bacon, &c. &c. from
Ireland and America, as well as from any part of Europe.
The Commons rejected the amendments made by the
Lords to the corn and game bills; on the ground that
the Lords had no right to alter a bill by nºhich money
* During these transactions the popular feeling was entirely in favour of the im-
prisoned aldermen and printers. The Court of Common Council agreed to defray
all expenses (including a magnificent table) for the Tower prisoners, and afterwards
presented them with cups of great value; whilst the Society of the Bill of Rights
presented the printers with a handsome gratuity; at the same time voting their
thanks to the Lord Mayor, &c. for their conduct. The populace, too, did not
neglect to play their part; but no particular mischief occurred, from the precautions
that were taken to prevent it.—At the Quarter Sessions in Guildhall, the Grand
Jury found true bills against William Witham, the messenger to the House of
Commons, for assaulting and taking into custody John Miller the printer; and
against Edward Twine, for assaulting and seizing John Wheble.
+ This was occasioned by the private marriage of the Duke of Cumberland with
Mrs. Horton, a widow lady, and sister of Colonel Luttrell, member for Middlesex.
4 M
634 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
mas to be levied on the subject.—The supplies for 1772
amounted to 7,186,253/.
In March, 1773, the Common Council of London recom-
mended to the electors throughout the kingdom, to
require that candidates for seats in the Commons' house
should be required to vote for an Act for abridging the
duration of Parliaments:—the Livery, also, presented
another petition to the King, for redress of grievances,
and passed a resolution not to vote for any member for
the city, who would not sign an engagement to support
a Bill for an annual, or, if that could not be obtained,
a triennial, parliament:-they likewise petitioned the
House of Commons against the frequent recurrence of
Lotteries in time of peace; alleging that “authorized
gambling was highly injurious to the commerce of the
country.”—Acts were passed to enable foreigners to
lend money on estates in his Majesty's colonies;–for
naturalizing foreign protestants, being children of the
subjects of Great Britain;–for preventing the counter-
feiting of bank notes;–for granting 1,400,000l. for
relief of the East India Company, and establishing
rules and orders for their future management"; and to
explain and amend the laws for the better preservation
of moor and other game in England and Scotland.—The
Commons granted 8,750l. to Mr. Harrison, as a reward
for his newly-invented Time-keeper; and 2000l. to Dr.
* On receiving the report of the Select Committee, the House of Commons passed
the following resolutions;–“ 1st. That all acquisitions made under the influence of a
military force, or by treaty with foreign powers, do, of right, belong to the State.
2d. That to appropriate such acquisitions is illegal. 3d. That great sums of money
have been obtained by such means from the sovereign princes of India:—also, that
Robert, Lord Clive, had possessed himself of 234,000l. through the influence of the
power which he had been intrusted with in India; and in so doing, he had abused
such powers, to the evil example of the servants of the public.” The Court of
Directors appointed a Committee to oppose such parts of the Bill as appeared to
them subversive of their chartered rights; and the proprietors agreed, by a large
majority, to declare their intention of refusing both the loan and the agreement
respecting their territorial acquisitions and revenues, rather than accept them on the
terms proposed. The Common Council of London, also, petitioned against the Bill,
on the ground that it was a dangerous attack on the liberty of the subject, and would
prove of fatal consequence to the security of property. On this occasion, likewise,
Lord Clive had the honour of a long conference with his Majesty.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 635
When chosen.
Williams for a newly-invented dye of green and yellow
for cotton-yarn and thread.—The supplies for 1773
amounted to 6,980,220l.
In Feb. 1774, came on the question respecting literary
property; when the Lords decided that authors had no
other right than that created by the 8th of Anne, which
secured to them and their assigns an exclusive right for
14 years:–to revert again to the author, and be vested
in him for 14 years more.—On the 15th of the same
month, Alderman Sawbridge made his annual motion
for shortening the duration of Parliament; but it was
negatived. On the 25th the Commons agreed to a
motion made by Sir Edward Astley, for making Mr.
Grenville's Act for regulating controverted elections
perpetual:—it was carried by a large majority, though
opposed by ministers. An Act was also passed “for
the relief of prisoners acquitted of crimes but de-
tained for fees.”—A message being sent by the
King to the Peers respecting 342 chests of tea which
had been thrown overboard by the people of Boston
in North America, and regarding the Ship Polly,
chartered by the East India Company, which was not
allowed to land 600 chests more;—an Act was passed
for the immediate removal of the Officers of Customs,
&c. &c. from Boston, in Massachusetts' Bay; and
another for regulating the civil government there”. –
Acts were also passed for regulating Private Mad-
houses;–for regulating the residence of persons elected
members to serve in Parliament;-for regulating the
election of members for Scotland;—and to prevent the
exportation of utensils, &c. used in the cotton manu-
* The Americans on receiving a copy of the Boston Port Bill, had it printed at
Boston and New York, on mourning paper, and it was cried about the streets, as
“ a barbarous, bloody, and inhuman murder!”—At a meeting of the inhabitants of
Boston, it was resolved, “That it is the opinion of this town, that if the other
Colonies come into a joint resolution to stop all importations from, and exportations
to, Great Britain, till the Act for blockading the harbour be repealed, the same will
prove the salvation of North America and her liberties.”—Soon afterwards, the
American Colonies appointed deputies to attend a General Congress, which met at
Philadelphia on the 5th of September. -
636 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
- When chosen.
facture—The supplies for 1774 were 7,158,7791, and
the poor rates amounted to three millions.
Sir Fletcher Norton, rechosen in November - - . 1774
On June 20th, 1775, the Earl of Chatham, after a long
absence from the Lords, moved an address for recalling
the troops sent to Boston, as the first step towards
reconciliation with the revolted American provinces;
but, after a long and animated debate, the motion was
negatived by a large majority. On the 9th of February,
both Houses presented an address to the King, con-
demning the conduct of the people of Massachusetts,
and promising, at the hazard of their lives and fortunes,
to stand by his Majesty in the maintenance of the just
rights of the Crown and parliament:-accordingly Lord
North delivered a message to the Commons, requiring
additional forces; and relying upon them to furnish
such occasional augmentation as circumstances might
require. The “faithful Commons” immediately voted
7000 men for the land and sea service; and passed Bills,
successively, for restraining the trade and commerce of
each of the American colonies with Great Britain, Ireland,
or the West Indies; and for prohibiting them from car-
rying on any fishery on the banks of Newfoundland".
* Thirty men of war and frigates were put in commission in January to cover the
coast of America, in order to prevent the colonies from being supplied with European
goods; in May, 100 pieces of cannon and 10,000 stand of arms were shipped from
the Tower for the use of the army; and in the March following, 22,000 German
mercenaries were shipped in 50 transports, for the reduction of the insurgents. Never
was there an instance in any nation, or at any period, wherein the conduct of rulers
and legislators ran more in opposition to the wishes of the people, than the present
one. The colonists themselves, in Dec. 1774, through their congress, sent a petition
to the King, containing a statement of their grievances;–a solicitation for the removal
of evil counsellors;–and claiming exemption from taxation by the parliament of Great
Britain, in which they were not represented. To this most reasonable petition, the only
answer given was a circular from the Earl of Dartmouth, by his Majesty’s orders, to
the governors of the provinces, requiring them to use their utmost endeavours to pre-
vent the holding of any more congresses' In the state of excitement and determined
opposition in which the Americans were at that time, his Majesty might just as well
have attempted to stem the Mississippi or the Orinoco with his sceptre, as to think of
allaying the colonial ferment by such a circular. The whole of the American pro-
vinces, seeing that they were not likely to receive any redress from the mother country,
now unanimously agreed to act upon the measures recommended by the congress;
and as a preliminary step, after committing several of the judges and King's officers
to prison, they threatened with punishment “all who should presume to carry into


HOUSE OF COMMONS. 637
When chosen.
On the 24th of February, both Houses declared a pamphlet,
entitled “The present Crisis with respect to America,
considered;" and a periodical paper, called “The Crisis,
No. 3,” to be false, malicious, and dangerous libels;
and ordered them to be burnt by the common hangman*.
Acts were passed this session “to enable the several uni-
versities to hold in perpetuity the copyright of books,
given or bequeathed to them for the advancement of
learning;” — for settling Buckingham-house on the
Queen, in lieu of Somerset-house;—for the encourage-
ment of the British and Irish fisheries; —for giving a
public reward for the discovery of a northern passage to
the west or southern ocean of America, and for pene-
trating to the North Pole;—“to enable the Speaker to
issue his warants to make out new writs for the election
of Members in the room of such as may die during the
recess of Parliament;” and “to enable his Majesty to
call out the militia in all cases of rebellion, in any part

effect any of the late Acts of Parliament respecting the colonies.” The congress,
having resumed its functions at Philadelphia, in May, came to the resolution of
raising an army, and of issuing an extensive paper currency on the security of the
“United Colonies;” the name which they adopted and were to be distinguished by,
for the future.—Nor were the people at home by any means indifferent to the fatuitous
policy pursued by the Government. Petitions were presented to both Houses relative
to the disturbances in the colonies, and the causes which produced them, by the Ame-
rican merchants resident in London, by the West India merchants, and by all the
manufacturing and mercantile towns and cities in the kingdom; but without any
beneficial result. The city of London presented an address, remonstrance, and
petition to the King, justifying the resistance of the Americans, and praying for the
dismissal of the Ministers who had advised coercive measures. Mr. Wilkes, as Lord
Mayor, attended officially to present this petition; although he was cautioned not to
address his Majesty. The King, who was of course obliged to submit to this con-
ference with his arch-enemy, replied, “ that it was with the utmost astonishment that
he found any of his subjects capable of encouraging the rebellious disposition of the
colonies; and that having entire confidence in the wisdom of Parliament, he should
steadily pursue those measures which they recommended, in support of the constitu-
tional rights of Great Britain.”—It ought to be here mentioned, that so extremely
unpopular were the measures adopted for American coercion, that even a Peer of Par-
liament (the Earl of Effingham) retired from the military service, without selling out,
as is usually the case on such occasions, giving as a reason, “that he would not enforce,
in a military capacity, against America, those measures which he had opposed as a
legislator.” Had such high-spirited virtue been contagious, much blood and trea-
sure might have been saved 1
* This sentence was carried into effect, on the following day, at the Royal
Exchange:—the mob were disposed to be rather riotous on the occasion; but nothing
particular occurred, except the burning by the people, in the same fire, and at the
same moment, the Address of both Houses of Parliament on American affairs!

638 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
of the British dominions.”—The supplies for 1775
amounted to 6,559,247l.
On the meeting of Parliament, the King entered fully into
the affairs of the North Americans, stating “ that the
rebellion was become general, and indicated the intention
of establishing an independent empire;—that it was
too important a sacrifice to give up colonies which had
been planted by the industry, and nursed and protected
by the blood and treasure of the parent state;—and
that it became necessary to put a speedy end to these
disorders by the most decisive exertions;–for which
purpose his Majesty had increased his naval establish-
ment; greatly augmented his land forces; and had re-
ceived friendly assurances of foreign assistance.”—Loyal
addresses were of course presented by both Houses; and
on the 16th of Nov. the Commons rejected Mr. Burke's
“Conciliatory Bill,” by a majority of 210 over 105.
On March 4th, 1776, the Commons solicited his Majesty
that the foreign troops in British pay might be clothed
with British manufactures; and his Majesty graciously
promised to use his endeavours to comply with their
request".-On the 20th Mr. Wilkes, who had by this
time recovered his seat in Parliament, moved “ for a
more fair and equal representation of the people in the
Commons' House of Parliament;” but the motion was
negatived without a division —The American Congress
having, on the 4th of July, issued their famous “De-
claration of Independence,” and published their “Ar-
ticles of Confederation and perpetual Union between
the thirteen States,” under the title of THE UNITED
STATEs of AMERICA, the Commons soon afterwards
voted 45,000 seamen, and 10,129 marines for the more
vigorous pursuit of the war.—The supplies for 1776
amounted to 9,097,577.l.
* Here was a high farce!—The Commons vote immense sums for the hiring and
subsistence of 22,000 Hessians and Brunswickers, and then beg for their custom in
the articles of coats, hats, and shoes!—They serve up an expensive and splendid
ºnment and then humbly beg leave to be allowed to lick the dishes!—Proh
pudor /
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 639
When chosen.
On April 15, this year, the trial of the Duchess of Kingston,
for bigamy, began in the House of Peers, and continued
several days. She was found GUILTY; but, claiming
her privilege of Peerage, by which she was exempt from
capital punishment, she was discharged, on paying her
fees |
On March 3d, 1777, an Act was passed to enable his
Majesty to detain persons suspected of high treason in
America, or on the high seas, or for piracy; and another
to enable the Admiralty to grant letters of marque
against the Americans.
On the 9th of April, Lord North having presented a
message from his Majesty, that debts had been in-
curred in his household, to the amount of 600,000l. ;
and that his Majesty trusted to the affection and loyalty
of “his faithful Commons” for discharging the same,
as well as to make some further provision for the better
support of the royal household, and the honour and
dignity of the Crown;–an Act was passed for granting
100,000l. per annum above the sum of 800,000l. for the
support of the said household, &c. In obedience to
another message on the 21st of May, desiring that a
provision might be made for the extraordinaries of the
American rebellion, and for the gold coinage, Acts were
passed for raising a sum by loans on Exchequer Bills;
and for a better supply of marines and seamen for
manning the royal navy;—also, for borrowing from the
Sinking Fund”;—for raising money by annuities and
lottery; for granting duties on male servants and
auctioneers; and for enabling the City of London to
purchase the tolls of the river Thames, westward
from London to Staines. In the mean time, Lord
Chatham made a motion in the House of Peers, that
measures might be adopted for putting an end to the
hostilities with America; but it was negatived by a
large majority.— In November, the Commons voted
* This poor fund has been sinking (by continually borrowing from it) ever since
the time of its creation;–it is a wonder it has not gone to the bottom, long ago.
640 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
60,000 seamen and marines, and 263 ships of all classes
for the pursuance of the war; –and in December, Acts
were passed “for suspending the Habeas Corpus Act;”
and for granting a duty on mall, &c.—The supplies for
1777 amounted to 12,895,543l.
In the early part of 1778, addresses having been got up in
London, Glasgow, &c. &c., recommending vigorous mea-
sures against the Americans, and offering to raise regi-
ments, &c. to serve against them, the Earl of Abingdon
moved in the House of Lords, “That granting any aid
by subscription towards the raising of troops, without
the authority of Parliament, is contrary to the spirit of
the constitution and the letter of the law:”—but the
motion was negatived by a large majority.
The King of France having entered into an alliance with
the Americans, for the avowed purpose of supporting
their independence, Lord North, on the 15th February,
presented a conciliatory bill to the Commons, with refer-
ence to the revolted colonies, which should enable his
Majesty to appoint Commissioners, with full power to
treat with them on all matters whatever; to suspend,
pro tempore, all Acts passed since the year 1763; to de-
clare a cessation of arms as soon as they should land; to
grant pardons to whomsoever they should think proper;
and to appoint governors, &c. Acts were also passed
to repeal the Boston Port Bill; the duties on Tea; and
to declare the intentions of Parliament concerning the
right of imposing taxes on the American colonies.—On
April 7th, a motion being made in the House of Peers,
by the Duke of Richmond, relative to the necessity of
admitting the independence of America, Lord Chatham,
though in a very ill state of health (having just left a
sick bed for the purpose of attending in the House on
the present important occasion) rose with great energy
to oppose the dismemberment of the empire:—he was
replied to by the Duke ; and attempting to rise again,
he fell back in a fit, and was carried out of the House
in a state of exhaustion and insensibility. An adjourn-
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 641
When chosen.
ment immediately took place”. – On June 17th the
American Congress, after several debates on the conci-
liatory propositions of the British Commissioners, re-
turned an answer by their President, “ that the Acts
of Parliament supposed the people of the United States
to be subject to the Crown of Great Britain, which could
not be admitted; and that they were ready to enter into
a treaty of peace and commerce not inconsistent with
treaties already subsistingt; whenever the King of Great
Britain should demonstrate a sincere disposition for that
purpose;—the only proof of which would be, the explicit
acknowledgment of their independence, and the imme-
diate withdrawing of his fleets and armies.”—On Nov.
26, the King in his speech from the throne alluded to
the unprovoked violation of treaties by the French; in
clandestinely supplying the Americans with arms, en-
tering into formal engagements with them, and in in-
vading his dominions in America and the West Indies;
he regretted “ that the conciliatory measures proposed
by Parliament had not taken effect; but he did not
doubt, by the vigour of their councils, and the bravery
of his forces by sea and land, to be able to windicate
and maintain the honour of his crown.”—Acts were
passed for raising the sum of six millions by annuity;
—for a lottery;-to prevent the forgery of accept-
ances and Bills of Exchange ; –to enable his Ma-
jesty to make provision for his children, nephew and
niece, by granting the six princes 10,000l. a year
each; 6000l. a year each to the five Princesses; 8000l.
a year to the young Duke of Gloucester; and 4000l.
a year to his sister, the Princess Sophia of Glou-
cester;—for laying a tax on all inhabited houses;–on
servants residing in Scotland;—on French and other
wines imported;—for the relief of Roman Catholics
* His Lordship died on the 11th of May, and was honoured by a public funeral:
his debts were paid by the nation; and 4000l. a year was settled on the Earldom
of Chatham, for ever.
+ The treaty with France is here alluded to.
4 N
642 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
from the operation of an Act of King William III.”;
and for the relief of Protestant purchasers of forfeited
estates in Ireland.—The supplies for 1778 amounted to
14,347,5971.
Acts were passed in 1779 to repeal the prohibitory Act
against the growth of tobacco in Ireland, also for its
importation into Great Britain;–for granting a bounty
on the importation of hemp from Ireland;—for granting
a Free Trade to Ireland;—for raising money by an-
nuities and lottery, and Exchequer Bills;–to augment
the salaries of the Judges;–to keep suspended the
Habeas Corpus Act in America –for additional duties
on vellum, parchment, and paper;-on auctions and
sales;–on malt ;-on houses and servants;–and for a
land-tax of 4s. in the pound.—The King having com-
plained that the Court of Spain had withdrawn its
ambassador, and that his dominions were menaced by
great armaments, told his faithful Commons that he
* The original motion for the Bill for the relief of Papists was made in the
House of Commons, by SIR GEORGE SAVILLE, who stated that one of his prin-
cipal views in proposing the repeal, was to vindicate the honour and assert the
principles of the Protestant religion, to which all persecution was, or ought to be,
totally averse—He said, “that it ill became us to practise that which we reproached
in others. That he did not meddle with the vast body of that penal code, but
selected this Act, on which, he found, that most prosecutions had been grounded,
and which gave the greatest scope to the base views of interested relatives and
unprincipled informers. The Act had not, it was true, been regularly put in execution,
but it sometimes had; and he understood that several Catholics lived in great terror,
and some under actual contribution.” He stated the peaceable behaviour of this
portion of his Majesty's subjects, and mentioned the loyal and excellent address
which they had lately presented to the throne; in which they not only expressed
their obedience to the government under which they lived, but likewise their attach-
ment to the constitution.
The motion was seconded by Mr. DuNNING, who, with great ability, entered
into a legal discussion of the principles, the objects, and the past operations of the
Act which was moved to be repealed.—Some of the severities, by him complained
of, were the following;-for Priests or Jesuits to teach or officiate in the services of
their church, were acts of felony in foreigners, and high treason in the natives of
this kingdom. The forfeiture of estates to the next Protestant heir, the power
given to a son or other near relation, to take possession during the life of the pro-
prietor, and the depriving of Papists from acquiring any local property, by pur-
chase,_were, he said, exceedingly oppressive;—particularly the last clause, which
had a far greater latitude than was generally understood; for it applied to all pro-
perty acquired by other means beside that of descent.—The motion was received
with universal approbation, and a Bill was accordingly brought in, and passed,
without a single negative.


HOUSE OF COMMONS. 643
When chosen.
relied on them to enable him to withstand and defeat
the unjust and dangerous enterprises of his enemies,
the House agreed, on the motion of Mr. Jenkinson, that
197,000 men should be raised for the ensuing year.
The supplies for 1779 amounted to 15,729,714l.
In 1780, Mr. Burke introduced his celebrated bill for
regulating the King's civil establishment; for the
limitation of pensions; and the suppression of useless
and expensive places.
This year was signalized in London and other places, by
the most disgraceful scenes of anarchy and barbarous
folly on the part of the Protestant populace. Early in
January, a deputation from the Protestant Association
waited upon Lord North, requesting him to present a
petition to Parliament against the law which had some
time before received the Royal Assent, “for the relief
of his Majesty's Catholic subjects in certain cases, from
penalties to which they were subject by an Act of Wil-
liam III.”—His Lordship, of course, refused compliance
with so unreasonable a request".

* The liberty of worship, &c. granted last session, to the Roman Catholics, by
the repeal of the obnoxious Act of King William for preventing the growth of
Popery in the cities of London and Westminster, had, for a considerable time past,
greatly alarmed many persons;–some on religious, and others on political grounds.
This alarm was much increased by the permission given, in the Act of last session,
to the Catholics, to erect schools for the education of youth in the tenets of the Romish
Church :-in addition to which, the free exercise of their religion was allowed in
licensed chapels, equal to the Presbyterians and the Dissenters in general.
The resistance made to a similar Act, in favour of the Catholics of Scotland,
contributed to spread this alarm, and bills were dispersed, and advertisements in-
serted in the newspapers, inviting those who wished well to the cause to unite
under the title of the PRoTest ANT Association. Accordingly, Lord GeoRGE
GoRDoN, brother to the Duke of Gordon, who had been so active at the head of
the malecontents in Scotland, was chosen their president. On May 29, a meeting
was held at Coach-makers' Hall, pursuant to public advertisement:-the Hall was
full, and Lord George Gordon took the chair. He addressed the meeting, observing
that the Popish Bill had been carried through both Houses of Parliament with
such amazing rapidity, that the people had not had time to form an opposition, or
to make themselves acquainted with the pernicious consequences that attended its
passing into a law: that the indulgence given to Popery by the repeal of the Act
of William III., was inconsistent with the principles of the revolution; had a
tendency to endanger the succession of the house of Hanover; and threatened
destruction to the civil and religious liberty of this country. His Lordship read an
extract from a Popish Catechism, just published ; likewise, an indulgence granted
by the Pope, this present year, “to his Holy Catholic subjects and saints in this
heretic kingdom.” From these publications, he bade the people form an idea of the

644 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
On June 2, Lord George Gordon, accompanied by up-
wards of 30,000 persons, paraded the streets of London,
with a petition against the Act for relief of the Roman
Catholics, to be presented to the House of Commons;
they insulted several of the Members; compelling them
to put blue cockades in their hats, and to cry “No
Popery.” They also enforced an oath to vote against
the obnoxious Act; and tried even to force the doors of
the House”.

rapid and alarming progress that Popery was making in this country.—The only
way to stop it, he said, “was by going, in a firm, manly, and resolute manner, to
the House, and by showing their representatives that they were determined to
preserve their religious freedom with their lives. That, for his part, he would run
all hazards with the people; and if the people were too lukewarm to run all hazards
with him, when their conscience and their country called them forth, they might get
another President; for he would tell them candidly, that he was not a lukewarm
man himself, and that if they meant to spend their time in mock debate and idle
opposition, they might get another leader.” This speech was received with the
loudest applause, and his Lordship then moved the following resolution : “That
the whole body of the Protestant Association do attend in Saint George's-fields,
on Friday nert, at ten o’clock in the morning, to accompany his Lordship to the
House of Commons on the delivery of the Protestant petition;” which was carried
unanimously. His Lordship then informed them, “that if less than 20,000 of his
fellow-citizens attended him on that day, he would not present their petition; and
for the better observance of order, he moved, that they should arrange themselves in
four divisions; the Protestants of the city of London on the right, those of the city
of Westminster on the left, the borough of Southwark third, and the people of
Scotland resident in London and its environs to form the last division; and, that
they might know their friends from their enemies, he added, “that every real
Protestant, and friend to the petition, should come with blue cockades in their
hats.”
* At ten in the forenoon, several thousands assembled in St. George's-fields, the
place appointed, marshalling themselves in ranks, and waiting for their leader.
About eleven o'clock, Lord George Gordon arrived, and gave directions in what
manner he would have them proceed. About twelve, one party was ordered to go
round over London-bridge, another over Blackfriars, and a third to follow him over
Westminster. A roll of parchment, containing the names of those who had signed
the petition, was borne before them. They proceeded with great decorum on their
route, and the whole body was assembled, about half past two, before both Houses
of Parliament, on which occasion they gave a general shout.
But however peaceable and well-disposed some of them might be, others soon
began to exercise the most arbitrary power over both Lords and Commons, by
obliging almost all the members to put blue cockades in their hats, and call out
“No Popery !” Some they compelled to take oaths to vote for the repeal of the
obnoxious Act; others they insulted in the most indecent and violent manner.
They took possession of all the avenues from the entrance door to the very door of
the House of Commons, which they twice attempted to force open.—The like
attempt was made at the House of Lords; but by the exertion of the door-keepers,
and the care of Sir Francis Molyneux, it did not succeed. The Archbishop of
York was one of the first they attacked. As soon as his coach was seen coming
down Parliament-street, he was saluted with hisses, groans, and hootings; and

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 645
When chosen.
During the greatest part of the day, the attention of
the House of Commons had been taken up in debates
when he got out of his carriage, to avoid greater mischief, he was obliged to say,
“No Popery, no Popery 1” The Lord President of the Council, Lord Bathurst,
was pushed about in the rudest manner, and kicked violently on the legs. Lord
Mansfield had the glasses of his carriage broken, the panels beaten in, and he
narrowly escaped with life. The Duke of Northumberland was exceedingly ill-
treated, and had his pocket picked of his watch. The Bishop of Lichfield had his
gown torn. The wheels of the Bishop of Lincoln's carriage were taken off, and his
Lordship might be said to escape personal injury almost by a miracle; being obliged
to seek shelter in the house of Mr. Atkinson, an attorney, where he changed his
clothes, and made his escape over the leads of the adjacent houses.
The Lords Townshend and Hillsborough came together, were greatly insulted,
and sent into the House without their bags, and with their hair hanging loose on
their shoulders. The coach of Lord Stormont was broken to pieces, and himself
left in the hands of the mob for nearly half an hour: he was rescued at last by a
gentleman, who harangued the mob, and prevailed on them to desist. Lords Ash-
burnham and Boston were treated with the utmost indignity, particularly Lord
Boston, who was so long in their power, that it was thought necessary by the Peers
to go in a body and endeavour, by their presence, to extricate him; but this was
prevented by the entrance of his Lordship, with his coat all powdered and his hair
dishevelled. The front glass of Lord Trentham's vis-à-vis was broken, and himself
insulted and detained a considerable time. Lord Willoughby de Broke, Lord
St. John, Lord Dudley, and many others, were personally ill-treated; and Welbore
Ellis, Esq. was obliged to take refuge in the Guildhall of Westminster (whither he
was pursued), the windows of which were broken, the doors forced, and Justice
Addington, with all the constables, expelled.—Mr. Ellis escaped with the utmost
hazard.
Lord George Gordon, during these unwarrantable proceedings, came several times
to the top of the gallery stairs, whence he harangued the people, and informed them
of the bad success their petition was likely to meet with. He told them, “that it
was proposed to take it into consideration on Tuesday, in a Committee of the House;
but that he did not like delays, for the Parliament might be prorogued by that time.”
He came once more, and said “he saw little reason to hope redress from the
decisions of Parliament:-that they should meet again;–that they ought not to
despair, but to put their trust in Providence.”
He came a third time, and said, “Gentlemen, the alarm has gone forth for many
miles round the city. You have got a very good Prince, who, as soon as he shall
hear the alarm which has seized such a number of men, will no doubt send down
private orders to his ministers to enforce the prayer of your petition.”
At the time the mob was clamorous in the lobby, General Conway sat himself
down by Lord George, and addressed him to the following purport.—“My Lord,
I am a military man, and I shall think it my duty to protect the freedom of debate
in this House by my sword: you see, my Lord, the members of this House are
this day all in arms. Do not imagine that we will be overpowered or intimidated
by a rude, undisciplined, unprincipled rabble. There is only one entry into the
House of Commons, and that is a narrow one. Reflect, that men of honour may
defend this pass;–and that, certainly, many lives will be lost before we will suffer
ourselves to be overawed by your adherents. I wish, in one word, my Lord, to
know whether it is your intention to bring those men, whose wild uproar now strikes
our ears, within the walls of this House?” Soon after General Conway had done
speaking, Colonel Gordon, a near relation of his Lordship's, went up to him, and
accosted him in the following manner: “My Lord George, do you intend to bring
your rascally adherents into the House of Commons? If you do, the first man of
them that enters, I will plunge my sword not into his, but into your body.”


646 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
concerning the mob. When they had obtained some
degree of order, Lord George Gordon introduced his
business with informing them, that he had before him
a petition signed by near one hundred and twenty
thousand of his Majesty's Protestant subjects, praying
“A repeal of the Act passed the last session in favour
of the Roman Catholics;” and moved to have the said
petition brought up.
Mr. Alderman Bull seconded the motion, and leave was
given accordingly.
Having brought up the petition, his Lordship then moved
to have it taken into immediate consideration, and was
again seconded by Mr. Alderman Bull.
After some debate, the House divided, and there appeared
sia for the petition, and 192 against it. Soon after this
the House adjourned, and the mob having dispersed
from the avenues of both Houses, the guards were
ordered home *.
While his Lordship was making his second speech, one of his relations, General
Grant, came behind him, and endeavoured to draw him back into the House, saying
to him, “O Lord George, Lord George for God’s sake, Lord George do not lead
these poor people into any danger.”—His Lordship, however, made the General no
answer, but continued his harangue—“You see, said he, in this effort to persuade
me from my duty, before your eyes, an instance of the difficulties I have to en-
counter, from such wise men of this world as my honourable friend behind my back.”
Alderman Sawbridge and others endeavoured to persuade the people to clear the
lobby, but to no purpose. The assistant to the chaplain of the House of Commons
likewise addressed them, but gained nothing except curses, and “You be damned
Lord George Gordon for ever!”—Soon after this, a party of horse and foot guards
arrived. Justice Addington was at the head of the horse, and was received with
hisses; but on his assuring the people that his disposition towards them was peace-
able, and that he would order the soldiers away, if they would give their honour to
disperse, he gained their good-will. Accordingly, the cavalry galloped off, and up-
wards of six hundred of the petitioners, after giving the magistrate three cheers,
departed.
* Though order and tranquillity were re-established in this part of the town, it
was far otherwise elsewhere. The mob paraded offin different divisions from Palace-
yard, and some of them went to the Sardinian Ambassador's Romish chapel in Duke-
street, Lincoln’s-inn-fields; others to the Bavarian Ambassador's in Warwick-street,
Golden-square; both of which they in a great measure demolished. The military
were sent for, but did not arrive time enough at either place, to prevent mischief.
Thirteen of the rioters, however, were taken, and the mob, for that night, dispersed.
In the afternoon of Sunday, June 4, the rioters assembled in large bodies, and
attacked the chapels and dwelling-houses of the Catholics, in and about Moorfields.
They stripped their houses of the furniture, and their chapels, not only of the orna-
ments and religious insignia, but also tore up the altars, pulpits, pews and benches,
and made fires of them; leaving nothing but the bare walls.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. - 647
When chosen.
Parliament having met on the 19th, his Majesty noticed
the late outrages in his speech; and both Houses, in
their addresses, testified their satisfaction at the measures
taken to suppress them, and to bring the offenders to
speedy trial.-Acts were passed to raise money by
annuities and lottery; —to secure the monopoly of the
East India Company, by preventing British subjects
from trading to India under foreign commissions;-—for
vesting in the company their territorial acquisitions in
India; —for laying additional duties on wines and
vinegar;-on advertisements and receipts for legacies;
—and on starch;-for granting one million sterling to
the King on a vote of credit;-to extend and encourage
the Greenland Fishery;-for granting a reward for the
On June 5, the King's birthday, the rioters burnt the Catholic chapels in Vir-
ginia-street, Wapping, and Nightingale-lane, and stripped the houses of Mr. Rains.
forth, in Clare-market, and Mr. Maberly, of Little-queen-street, and destroyed their
stock and furniture; Sir George Saville's house met the same fate. A proclamation
was now issued, offering a reward of 500l. for apprehending the rioters who had set
fire to the Sardinian and Bavarian ambassadors' chapels; and several of the mob
were committed to Newgate.
On June 6, all the military in London were ordered on duty; but the rioters
divided into parties, one of which attacked the gaol of Newgate, demanding the
release of their comrades; but being refused, they set fire to the building, and the
prisoners, upwards of 300 (four of whom had been ordered for execution on the
Thursday following), were liberated: other parties destroyed the houses of Justice
Cox and Sir John Fielding; another party attacked the New Prison, Clerkenwell,
broke it open, and discharged the prisoners; the elegant house of Lord Mansfield
was forcibly entered, and all his furniture, valuable library, and other property of
great value, were consigned to the flames, his Lordship and family escaping with dif-
ficulty through a back door. A party of guards arrived during the act of demolition,
and fired upon the mob, when several were killed and wounded. On June 7, the riot
attained its height, the mob burnt down the King's-bench, New Bridewell, and Fleet
prisons, and the toll gates at Blackfriars-bridge; Langdale's distillery, in Holborn,
was also burnt, and several of the mob lost their lives by inebriety, in drinking the
spirituous liquors. It was estimated that thirty-six fires were blazing at the same
time in different quarters; and the whole of this day and the ensuing night was a
scene of anarchy and confusion never before remembered. Lord George Gordon was
now apprehended and committed to the Tower. Two attempts were made upon the
Bank, but the rioters were repulsed by the first fire of the military. The number of
persons killed by the military was estimated at 285, and 173 wounded; the number
who died by drinking, and other accidents, was never ascertained. 135 were tried
for rioting; 50 of whom were convicted.
On June 8, by the excellent arrangement of the military, and the exertions of the
city, the metropolis was restored to peace, having been a week under the control of
a lawless mob, without any effectual means having been taken, till the close of it, to
suppress the rioters:—great blame was imputed to the city authorities for their
supineness.


648 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
discovery of the longitude;—the Sinking-Fund Bill ;-
and for appointing Commissioners to inspect the public
accounts. This Parliament was dissolved by proclama-
tion on the 1st of September.—The supplies for 1780
amounted to 21,196,496l.—Amount of the National
Debt at this time, 177,206,000l. ; the annual interest
of which was 6,812,000/.
Charles Wolfran Cornwall, Esq. - - - -
In Jan. 1781, the Commons granted 180,000l. for the
reparation of losses sustained by individuals in the late
riots; and 120,000l. for the relief of the sufferers by a
late hurricane in Barbadoes and Jamaica.
On Feb. 15, Mr. Burke introduced a Bill for a Reform
in the representation of the people. On the second
reading, it was supported by the talents and eloquence
of the Hon. William Pitt, whose subsequent apostacy
from the cause of liberty will be ever memorable among
Englishmen:-the Bill was lost by a majority of 233
over 190. In June, the charter of the Bank of Eng-
land was renewed for 25 years, on condition of that
corporation lending to the government 4,000,000l. at 3
per cent. interest; and an Act was also passed for
granting a further term to the East India Company, in
1780
their exclusive trade to and from the East Indies, on
condition of paying 400,000'. ; which sum would be in
full discharge of all claims upon them by the public.
The taxes imposed in 1781 were five per cent. addi-
tional on exciseable articles, generally; duties were im-
posed on tobacco, sugar, paper, and almanacks. The
supplies amounted to 25,380,324/.-Amount of Na-
tional Debt, funded and unfunded, 198,206,800l.
On Feb. 7, 1782, Mr. Fox, in order to impeach Lord
Sandwich, moved a resolution in the Commons “ that
there had been gross mismanagement in the naval affairs
of this country;”—but it was negatived by 205 votes
against 183.—On the 4th of March, the Speaker
reported his Majesty's answer to an address of the Com-
mons, stating, “ that he should take such measures as
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 649
When chosen.
should appear most conducive to the restoration of peace
between Great Britain and America.”—In the beginning
of August, a petition was presented to the Commons
from the electors of Westminster, praying for an equal
representation of the people, and for shortening the
duration of Parliaments.—Acts were passed for granting
additional duties on salt;-for charging a stamp-duty
upon inland bills of exchange and promissory notes;–
for restraining contractors for the public service from
sitting and voting in Parliament;-for disabling revenue
officers, &c. from voting at elections;– “to limit patent-
offices in the colonies to persons who shall discharge their
duties in person, and only so long as they shall behave
well therein;"—to repeal the Act 19th Geo. II., which
restrained the use of the Highland dress";-and to
enable his Majesty to discharge the debt on the Civil
List, and to prevent future arrears.-The supplies for
1782 amounted to 22,900,1181. Amount of the Na-
tional Debt, so called, 250,040,388l. f :
Qn March 24, 1783, Mr. Coke, member for Norfolk,
moved an address, praying the King “to form an
administration that should be entitled to the confidence
of the people, and such as might tend to put an end to
the divisions among them.” This address was agreed
to after a very warm debate; and his Majesty imme-
diately afterwards made a general change in his ministry.
On the 8th of April, Mr. Pitt having been turned out
of office, gave notice to the Commons, “that he would,
on the 7th of May, submit to them a proposition for a
reform in the representation of that House {..” Petitions

* This favour to the Scots was in consequence of the nobility, gentry, and citizens-
of Edinburgh, agreeing to raise a volunteer corps of ten companies, who were to
serve without pay, to be clothed in the Highland garb, and to be styled the “Cale-
donian Band!”
+ This precious Debt was mounting apace. It had increased 52 millions within
the last year; but that is not now so much to be wondered at, seeing that Mr. Pitt
had been appointed Chancellor and Under-Treasurer of the Exchequer, on the 10th
of June, 1782.
: “When the Devil was out, the Devil a reformer would be:–
When the Devil got in, the devil a reformer was he l’”
4 o
650 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
were presented on the subject from many counties, cities,
and even rotten boroughs; but Mr. Pitt's famous motion
was lost, by a majority of 293 over 149.
On June 25, the Commons granted to his Majesty 60,000l.
towards settling the establishment of the Prince of
Wales".—On Nov. 14, Mr. Fox presented to the
House copies of the definitive treaties of peace with
France, Spain, and the United States of America. A
bill, however, having been brought into Parliament,
“ for vesting the affairs of the East India Company in
certain Commissioners, for the benefit of the proprietors
and the public,”—and having been strongly petitioned
against, by the city of London, &c. was thrown out of
the House of Peers by a majority of 19.-All the pur-
poses of choosing a liberal administration having been
now answered, viz. the making of peace with the United
States and their allies, on the principle of acknow-
ledging American Independence; the House of Com-
mons addressed his Majesty, beseeching him not to
dissolve the present Parliament:—accordingly, the coa- *
lition Ministry were suddenly ousted, and a new one
formed; Mr. Pitt being restored to his former situation
of Chancellor and Under-Treasurer of the Exchequer.—
Acts were passed to repeal the two Acts which prohi-
bited trade and intercourse with the United States of
America; to remove all doubts concerning the exclusive
rights of the Parliament and Courts of Ireland in all
matters of legislation and jurisdiction over that king-
dom;-for regulating the Courts in Scotland;—and for
granting new duties on receipts, bills of exchange, and
promissory notes; on stamped vellum, parchment, and
paper, generally; and on quack medicine, licences, and
stamps.-On Dec. 4, Christopher Atkinson, Esq. having
been tried and found guilty of perjury, was expelled
* In his Majesty's message, it was stated that he himself would take upon him
the annual charge of this establishment;—we shall by and by see who it was that
paid the income and repeatedly accumulating debts of this very expensive young
gentleman.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 651
When chosen.
from the House of Commons, of which he was a member.
The Supplies for 1783 amounted to 19,788,8631. ; the
new taxes, in addition to the old ones, to 560,000l. ;
Loans to 12,000,000l.; the National Debt to 262,000,000l.
A Bill having been introduced by Mr. Pitt, on Jan. 14, 1784,
“for the better government and management of the affairs
of the East India Company,” was rejected by a majority
of eight; upon which, the Commons soon afterwards
addressed the King for the removal of his new Ministers:
—but his Majesty declined doing so; stating, that no
charge had been brought against them, and that numbers
of his subjects had expressed their satisfaction at the
change which he had lately made in his councils:–
accordingly, the Parliament was dissolved by proclama-
tion on the 25th of March.
Charles Wolfran Cornwall, Esq. rechosen in May . . 1784
On June 21, Mr. Pitt brought in his famous Bill, called
the “Commutation Act,” for lowering the duties upon
tea, and increasing those on windows:—it was vigor-
ously opposed in both Houses, but ultimately passed.
His celebrated India Bill, which was again brought in,
met with similar opposition from the friends of Mr.
Fox:-five Peers protested against it, when it passed.
On the 4th of August, the Commons resolved “that no
Member should frank any letter, unless the superscrip-
tion were in his own handwriting, with the date at
length, and the name of the post-town from which the
letter was sent.”—Acts were passed to amend the trans-
portation laws;–for the more effectual prevention of
smuggling;-for the management of Indian affairs, and
the establishment of a Court of Judicature for offences
committed in India;-also to relieve the East India
Company from debts due to the public, by the accept-
ance of Bills drawn upon the Directors; and for regu-
lating the dividends to be made by them.—Supplies for
1784, 11,988,174l. The new taxes on candles, bricks,
hats, linens, cottons, ribands, paper, pasteboard, silver
and gold plate, lead exported, raw silk, postage of letters,
652 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
hackney coaches, pleasure and running horses, and
licences for shooting, and retailing beer, amounted to
1,010,000l.
On April 18, 1785, Mr. Pitt moved for leave to bring in a
Bill “to amend the representation of the people in Par-
liament;”—which, after a long debate, was negatived
by 248 against 174.—New taxes, to the amount of
half a million, were laid on male and female servants,
shops *, attornies, post-horses, gloves, pawnbrokers, and
salt.—The supplies amounted to 9,296,300l.
On March 29, 1786, Mr. Pitt brought in a Bill, which
was afterwards passed, for vesting certain sums in com-
missioners, for the gradual reduction of the National
Debt: —the principle was, to set aside one million
annually, to accumulate at compound interest; with
which, stock might be bought whenever the Funds
were low in the market.—On April 4th, Mr. Burke
exhibited articles of impeachment against Warren
Hastings, Esq., late Governor-general of Bengal, for
high crimes and misdemeanours.-Acts were passed “to
enable the East India Company to borrow 2,000,000l.,
partly by annuities and partly by adding 800,000l. to
their capital stock;"—for the relief of insolvent debtors;
—for regulating Courts of Conscience;—for augmenting
the salaries of Judges in Scotland;—to empower the
Archbishops of Canterbury and York to consecrate
Bishops for the United States of America;-to make
perpetual the Act 14 Geo. III. for the regulation of
mad-houses;–and for incorporating the “ Society for
extending the British Fisheries.”—The supplies this
year amounted to 13,420,962.l.. ;-the National Debt to
266,746,203l. ; the interest of which was 9,536,0261.
On May 10, 1787, Mr. Burke, in the name of the Com-
* A very general outcry was raised against the tax on shops, both in London and
the country. Many meetings were held; at one of which, in the metropolis, no less
than 8000 retail shopkeepers petitioned against it, but with no beneficial result,
until June 1789, when it was repealed; on which occasion they gave a grand en-
tertainment to those Members of Parliament who had opposed so odious and im-
politic an impost on the industry of a commercial nation.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 653
When chosen.
mons of Great Britain, attended by many members of
the lower House, impeached Mr. Warren Hastings at .
the bar of the Lords; and in a few days afterwards,
the accused was taken into custody by the Serjeant-at-
Arms: after having the charges read over in the House
of Peers, he was admitted to bail.-A message being
delivered from the King to both Houses, respecting the
allowance and debts of the Prince of Wales, the Com-
mons voted an address, requesting that 181,000l., might
be paid out of the civil list, on the Prince's account;
which they promised to make good.—Acts were passed,
for the consolidation of the Customs and Excise duties;
—for establishing a Criminal Court in New South
Wales;–for regulating the commercial intercourse be-
tween the British colonies and the United States of
America;-and to prevent frivolous and vexatious suits
in the Ecclesiastical Courts.--New duties were im-
posed on geneva and French glass imported; and on
licences to deal in spirituous liquors.-The supplies were
12,414,579/.
On Feb. 13, 1788, the trial of Warren Hastings, Esq.,
late Governor-general of Bengal, commenced with great
solemnity in the House of Lords*.—In consequence of
petitions against the continuance of the African slave
trade, from almost every county, city, and borough in
the kingdom, Mr. Pitt moved a resolution that the
Commons should next session take the whole subject
into consideration. He also proposed a compensation
of 1,340,000l. to the American loyalists, for the losses
sustained by them during the late war; which was
agreed to.—On Dec. 4, a report of the privy council,
containing an examination of the physicians relative to
* On Dec. 12, previously, Sir Gilbert Elliott preferred six articles of charge
against Sir Elijah Impey, chief justice of the Supreme Court of Bengal, for corrupt
practices in conjunction with the Governor-general.-The trial of Hastings, on
account of the time required to obtain witnesses from India,-lasted seven years,
two months, and eleven days:–April 25, 1795, being the 149th and last day on
which the High Court of Judicature sat. He was acquitted of all the charges ex-

hibited against him; and the East India Company not only paid 71,080l. in dis-
charge of the expenses of his trial, but also settled upon him 5000l. a year for life.
654 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the King's illness, being laid before Parliament, Mr.
Pitt proposed that commissioners, under the great seal,
should open Parliament, and give the Royal Assent to
such Bills as might be passed by the two Houses. Mr.
Fox maintained the indisputable right of the heir
apparent to the exercise of the executive power; but
Mr. Pitt denounced such a doctrine as little short of
high treason to the Constitution The proposition for a
commission was, after long debates, agreed to by both
Houses; but in the Lords, a protest was signed by 48
Peers, including the Dukes of York and Cumberland.
—Acts were passed, for laying an additional duty on
Scottish spirits;–to enable the East India Company to
borrow further sums upon bond;—and to enable Justices
of the Peace to license theatrical representations, occa-
sionally, and under certain restrictions.—The supplies
amounted to 11,860,263l.
The Hon. William Wyndham Grenville (now Baron Gren-
ville), Jan. 5th . - - - - - -
On Jan. 30th, resolutions were presented by both Houses
to the Prince of Wales, “That his Royal Highness
should be empowered to exercise the Royal authority,
under the title of Regent;-but that his power should
not extend to the granting any peerage, except to the
Royal issue; nor any office, salary, or pension, than
during his Majesty's pleasure, &c.; and that the care
of the King should be committed to the Queen, who
should nominate to all offices in the royal household.”
The Prince signified his acquiescence; but 56 Peers,
including the Dukes of York and Clarence, protested
against these resolutions". A Regency Bill was im-
mediately brought in, which having passed the Com-
mons, was ordered to the Lords; but on the 19th Feb.
the Lord Chancellor announced the progressive amend-
1789
* The Lords and Commons of Ireland, likewise, addressed the Prince of Wales,
“beseeching him to take upon himself the government of that kingdom, under the
title of Prince Regent of Ireland:” 23 Peers protested against these addresses, and
the Lord Lieutenant having declined to forward them to the Prince, two Peers and
four Commoners were deputed by the Irish Parliament to present them.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 655
When chosen.
ment of his Majesty; and on the 27th, his perfect
recovery. On April 23d, a general thanksgiving having
been appointed, both Houses of Parliament, with the
great officers of state, &c. accompanied their Majesties,
in grand procession, to the Cathedral of St. Paul.—On
May 23d, Mr. Wilberforce first brought forward his
motion for the Abolition of the Slave Trade.
Henry Addington, Esq. May 8 - - - -
Afterwards Secretary of State, &c. (now Viscount Sid-
mouth.)
Acts were passed to enable the East India Company to
borrow more money; and for the repeal of the duties
on shops and Scottish spirits:—taxes were laid on
newspapers, advertisements, cards and dice, carriages
and horses, probates of wills, and legacies to relations; to
the amount of 111,000l.-The supplies were 11,293,035l.
On March 2, 1790, Mr. Fox moved for the repeal of the
Corporation and Test Acts; which, however, after a
long debate, was negatived by 294 over 105.—On May 6,
the King stated in a message to the Commons, “that
two British vessels had been captured by the Spaniards
at Nootka Sound, on the north-west coast of America;
their cargoes seized and the crews imprisoned; that
application had been made to the Court of Spain for
satisfaction; that none had been offered; but that
Spain claimed the exclusive sovereignty, and right of
navigation and commerce in that part of the world;—
also that considerable armaments being in preparation in
the ports of Spain, he had given orders to act with
vigour and effect, in support of the honour of his crown
and the interests of his people.”—The Commons in their
address, assured his Majesty of their readiness to support
him.—On June 12, the Parliament was dissolved by
1789
proclamation.
Henry Addington, Esq., rechosen, Oct. 14th . - . 1790
Acts were passed this year, “for the better support of the
dignity of the Speaker of the House of Commons; and
for disabling him from holding any office or place of profit
656 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
during pleasure under the Crown;”—for the further
relief of American loyalists and East Florida sufferers
in the late war;-for encouraging new settlers in his
Majesty's American colonies; –for regulating the Slave
Trade;—and for abolishing the punishment of burning
women for petit-treason, &c.—The supplies for 1790
amounted to 11,931,2011.
In 1791, Acts were passed,—for establishing a colony in
Sierra Leone, on the coast of Africa, as an experiment
for the cultivation of sugar and other tropical pro-
ductions, by the labour of free Negroes ;-for imposing
new duties on receipts, bills of exchange, &c.;-for
establishing a court of judicature in Newfoundland;—
to render persons guilty of petty larcenies, competent
witnesses;–and to relieve Roman Catholics from cer-
tain penalties and disabilities.—The supplies were
14,073,656!.
On April 26, 1792, the Commons, after a very animated
debate, agreed, by a majority of 68, gradually to abolish
the Slave Trade; the time for its abolition being, by
compromise, fixed for the 1st of January, 1796. The
Bill, however, was thrown out by the House of Lords.
On the 30th of the same month, Mr. Fox's Bill, for
enabling juries to decide on the intention, as well as the
fact, of writing libels, was passed into a law. An Act
was passed in July, for the more effectual administration
of the office of Justice of the Peace, in and near the
metropolis"; the tax on female servants was repealed;
—and provision was made for the suitable establishment
of the Duke and Duchess of York. The Parliament
having met on Dec. 13th, in consequence of the spirit
of agitation which prevailed at this time, arising from
the events of the French revolution;–troops were
assembled near the metropolis, and the Bank guards
* By this Act, his Majesty was empowered to establish seven different police
offices, besides that of Bow-street; in each of which, three salaried magistrates should
preside; the offices were situated in Queen-square, Westminster; Great Marl-

borough-street, Oxford-street; Hatton-garden; Worship-street, Shoreditch; Lam-
beth-street; High-street, Shadwell; and Union-street, Southwark.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 657
When chosen.
were doubled. The King, in his speech to the two
Houses, noticed this disposition to insurrection, and that
the French National Convention had passed a decree
for extending their system of government to all countries
occupied by their armies; under which circumstances,
he told them he had augmented his naval and military
forces. An address on this Speech was voted in the
Commons by a majority of 290 over 50:—it was
vehemently opposed by Mr. Fox. On this occasion,
several members who had heretofore voted with that
statesman, deserted the ranks of the Whigs, and joined
the ministry.—The supplies for 1792 amounted to
11,138,885l.”
On Jan. 28th, 1793, Louis XVI., King of France, having
suffered decapitation, by judgment of the National
Convention, the King sent a message to both Houses,
stating, that he had considered it necessary to increase
his sea and land forces still further, in order to oppose
the views of aggrandisement on the part of France,
and for the support of his allies. Both Houses, in
their addresses on this occasion, “ condoled with his
Majesty on the atrocious murder of the King of
France,”—and promised him their support.—On Feb-
ruary 11, a message from the King announced that
France had declared war against him.—On March 15,
the Attorney-General introduced into the Commons,
the “Traitorous Correspondence Bill” (to prohibit cor-
respondence with the French Revolutionists); which,
after some modification, passed both Housest.—On
May 6, Mr. Charles Grey (now Earl Grey) presented
a petition to the House of Commons, from “The So-
ciety of the Friends of the People,” praying for a
* On December 10th, an information was tried in the Court of King's Bench
against Samson Parry, the Editor and Printer of the Argus newspaper, for a libel,
stating, “ that the House of Commons did not represent the people; and that the
Jaws were enacted without their consent.” The jury found him guilty, and a reward
of 100l. was offered for his apprehension.
+ Agreeably to a recommendation from Government, a Bill was passed by the
Irish Parliament, at this time, for admitting the Catholics to the elective franchise.
4 P
658 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Reform of the Parliament;-the motion which he made
upon it was, of course, negatived. On the 31st, a motion
by Sir John Sinclair, Bart., for an address to his
Majesty, for the institution of a “Board of Agricul-
ture,” was agreed to.—Acts were passed,—for estab-
lishing regulations respecting aliens;–to prohibit the
circulation of promissory notes issued in the name of
the French Government;-to prevent forgeries and
frauds in the transfer of funds or stock;-for requiring
a form of abjuration from the Catholics of Scotland;—
for continuing the East India Company for a farther
time, in possession of their territories;–and for the
encouragement, &c. of Friendly Societies.—Supplies
for 1793, 16,698,553!.-Interest on the debt, &c.,
10,715,941.l.
On January 21, 1794, the King, in his speech, recom-
mended “a vigorous prosecution of the war with France,
on the success of which depended the preservation of
the constitution, lan's, and religion of the country:” and
on the 22d of Feb., by message, he urged the expediency
of increasing the land forces. Pacific motions were
made by the Duke of Bedford, the Marquess of Lans-
downe, the Earl of Guildford, Mr. Fox, and Mr. Whit-
bread; but they were negatived by great majorities.
On the contrary, on the motion of Mr. Pitt, the militia
was augmented, and fencible corps were raised; besides
a volunteer force of horse and foot *:—nay, the expe-
dient was resorted to of soliciting voluntary contribu-
tions, by circular letters from the Secretary of State to
the Lords Lieutenants of counties. Whilst this exten-
sive armament was going on, however, commercial
credit had sunk so low, that the government was obliged
to issue Exchequer Bills for the assistance of the mer-
chants and manufacturers.-On May 17, the Habeas

* The Common Council of London opened a subscription to raise a regiment of
infantry and a troop of cavalry, called “The London Loyal Volunteers:”—these
were said to be for the defence of the city. Several other corporations followed the
example of the metropolis.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 659
When chosen.
Corpus Act was suspended, in consequence of a message
from the King, announcing “ that there existed sedi-
tious societies in London, who held correspondence with
other societies of a similar nature in other towns and
cities:”—his Majesty had ordered their papers to be
seized and laid before Parliament”. –On Dec. 20, he
again, in a speech, urged the necessity of prosecuting
the war with vigour.—Acts were passed, “ to prevent
money, &c. in the hands of British subjects, but belonging
to persons resident in France, from being applied to the
use of the French government;”—for encouraging and
disciplining corps of Volunteers for defence of the
country during the war;-" to enable his Majesty to
arrest and detain such persons as should be suspected of
conspiring against his person and government;"—and to
enable French emigrants to enlist as soldiers, and receive
pay as officers, in British regiments about to serve on
the continent;-also, to continue the Alien Act, the
Insolvent Debtors' Act f ; and the Act for regulating
the shipping of slaves from the coast of Africa.-On
Dec. 6th of this year, the Earl of Abingdon was con-
victed of a libel (on a Mr. Sermon, an attorney, of
Gray’s-inn), contained in a speech made by his Lordship

* Mr. Thomas Hardy, secretary to the London Corresponding Society, and Mr.
Daniel Adams, secretary to the Society for Constitutional Information, with several
other members of the two societies, as, Mr. John Horne Tooke, the Rev. Jeremiah
Joyce, Mr. John Thelwall, Messrs. Bonney, Richter, Lovatt, and Holcroft, were
all apprehended on charges of high treason, and committed to the Tower. Messrs.
Hardy and Tooke being put on their trials, in November, and being by juries of their
countrymen pronounced NoT GUILTY, the proceedings against the other prisoners
were stopped; for, the ministers saw that there was still too much real patriotism left
among the people of England to permit them to obtain even one conviction. It has
been since ascertained that no less than 1500 warrants had been placed in the hands
of the sheriffs and magistrates of England and Scotland, which were to be filled up
on the instant that the news of poor Hardy’s conviction should arrive, in each city
and town,-for the apprehension, on similar charges of high treason, of many of the
most learned, virtuous, and respectable persons in the kingdom 1–But, thanks to
the virtue and good sense of a London jury, Mr. Pitt's manoeuvres were for once
defeated. In Scotland, indeed, by an extraordinary stretch of the law, Messrs. Muir,
Margarot, Skirving, Palmer, Gerald, &c., were found guilty of sedition, and seve-
1ally banished to New South Wales.
+ On Sept. 1st, the operation of this Actrendered the King's Bench prison a place
of solitary confinement;-nearly the whole of its inmates being thereby discharged
from custody.




660 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
in Parliament, and conveyed to the public through the
channel of a newspaper".
The supplies this year amounted to 20,228,1191. ; and the
interest and management of the debt to 11,081,1591.
On Jan. 26, 1795, Mr. Grey, in the Commons, proposed
peace with France;—this motion was counteracted by
an amendment by Mr. Pitt, importing “ that the French
government was not a regular government; but one with
whom peace would be insecure.”—Mr. Grey's motion
was lost; there being 268 against 86t.—The Habeas
Corpus Act was re-suspended on Jan. 25th. On Feb.
4th, a message from his Majesty to Parliament required
that a loan should be granted to the Emperor of Ger-
many; and on the 25th, which had been appointed as a
general fast, both Houses attended divine service in
Westminster Abbey. On Feb. 25th, Mr. Wilberforce's
motion for the immediate abolition of the Slave Trade
was lost by a majority of 17; and, on March 24th, that
of Mr. Fox “for the Commons to form themselves into a
Committee to inquire into the State of the Nation,” was
negatived by a majority of 219 against 63.−On June
27th, an Act was passed to settle 125,000l. a year on
the Prince of Wales, besides the rents of the Duchy of
Cornwallſ:—An annuity was also settled on the Princess
of Wales to whom the Prince had just been married,
and an Act was passed to prevent future Heirs Ap-
parent of the Crown from accumulating debts.-This
being a year of considerable agitation, from the number
and extent of political associations which had been
formed Ş, Acts were passed, but with great opposition
* On Feb. 12th following, his Lordship was brought up to the Court of King's
Bench, to receive judgment; when he was sentenced to three months' imprisonment
in the King's Bench, and a fine of 100l.
t In the mean time, the Lord Mayor and Corporation of London, &c. &c., had
petitioned Parliament to disclaim the right of interfering with the internal affairs of
France, and to take such steps as should be proper to facilitate a speedy peace with
that country.
+ 73,000l. a year of his income was to be appropriated by Commissioners for the
discharge of his debts, which, in bonds and tradesmen’s bills, amounted to 619,570l.
S Two most formidable associations took place in Ireland, also, this year;-in
May, the Society of “United Irishmen” began to extend itself over that kingdom;
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 661
When chosen.
in both Houses, “to prevent seditious meetings and
assemblies for three years;” and “for the preservation
of his Majesty's person from seditious practices and
attempts".”—On December 8th, Mr. Pitt delivered a
message from his Majesty to Parliament, announcing
the re-establishment of a regular government in France,
and expressing his readiness to negotiate with that
country.—Acts were passed,—for raising a certain
number of men in the several counties of England, for
the service of the royal navy; —also “to enable ma-
gistrates to levy such able-bodied and idle persons, as
should be found in their counties, for the same pur-
pose !”—An Act was passed, likewise, “to enable his
Majesty to erect independent Burghs of Baronies, &c. in
Scotland.”—The government income for 1795 amounted
to 40,916,6721–18,456,298/. of which, was raised by
taxation; and 22,460,374l. by loans and Exchequer
bills.
On May 6, 1796, Mr. Grey, in the Commons, brought
forward a motion for the impeachment of his Majesty's
ministers; but it was negatived by a majority of 171.—
and in December various clubs of “Orangemen” were formed in the County of
Armagh;-the object of the first was the attainment of liberty and independence,
and an alliance with France; that of the latter, was the support of the Protestant
ascendancy in Ireland, and the perpetuation of every abuse in Church and State,
which had taken place since the reign of Henry VIII. The United Irishmen were
soon dissociated and dispersed by Acts of Parliament and other decisive measures;
but the Orange Clubs have been permitted to subsist until the present day, and to
increase to so tremendous a degree as to be capable of overawing even the govern-
ment itself. They have been thus encouraged, although notoriously guilty on thou-
sands of occasions,—in the perpetration of their horrible orgies and sanguinary
sacrifices,—of such barbarous cruelties, such tortures unspeakable, as demons,
only, delight to inflict on the wretched victims of their fury.
* It is not a little curious, that whilst the Court of Common Council of the City
of London petitioned the Commons “to take such measures as should be deemed
expedient for the suppression of seditious assemblies, &c.;” a Common Hall was
held for the purpose of instructing the City Representatives to oppose both Bills!—
Whence could this difference of opinion arise?—Pitt, with his loans and jobs,
found it easier to conciliate the monied interest,--to choke off the City Parliament,
than to convert the citizens of London to the belief that there was any danger either
to the King or the Constitution, except from his own system of universal and most
oppressive taxation, and his monstrous acts of misgovernment.—How this daring
and haughty man,—and, after all, most contemptible statesman,—was allowed to
go on for so many years, draining his country of blood and treasure, and plunging
her deeper and deeper in debt, is a matter of real astonishmentſ

662 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
On the 21st of the same month, the Parliament was
dissolved by proclamation.
Henry Addington, Esq., chosen a third time, Oct. 6th . 1796
On the 18th of October, Mr. Pitt proposed in the Com-
mons, the raising of 60,000 supplementary militia".
On December 26th, his Majesty acquainted the House
of Peers, by message, of the failure of his negotiation
with France,—by the latter refusing to treat with
him, but on a basis wholly inadmissible; viz. that
of retaining possession of the territories (Italy, &c.)
which they had conquered 11–but his Majesty assured
their Lordships “that he was preparing for a vigorous
and effectual prosecution of the war.”—Acts were
passed this year to prohibit the exportation of corn,
candles, tallow, and soap;-to prevent the manufac-
ture of starch and hair powder from wheat and other
articles of food;—against treasonable attempts, &c.;
and against seditious meetings;–for the relief of the
poor in their own houses, &c.;-to permit bakers to
make and sell bread of a certain sort ;-and to raise
18,000,000l. by way of annuitiest.—The actual taxation
for 1796 amounted to 18,548,628/.: the cash borrowed
in Stock and Exchequer Bills, to 45,860,943. Total
income, 64,409,5711.1 !!
On March 21st, 1797, Lord Moira moved an address in
the Lords, praying that his Majesty would interpose to
remedy the discontents which prevailed in Ireland:—
the motion was negatived by 72 against 20; as was also
* In the course of this month, the Irish government suspended the Habeas Corpus
Act, and began to embody the armed yeomanry.—A French fleet, with an army of
25,000 men, under General Hoche, and destined for the invasion of that island,
was dispersed by a storm on the 18th of December; so that the admiral refused to
land the troops, and sailed back to Brest harbour.
+ Borrowing millions was now so much a matter of course, that it was absolutely
thought nothing of:—indeed it was considered a pleasure to lend 1–This, which
was styled the “Loyalty Loan,” by way of eminence, was completely filled at the
Bank of England in fifteen hours and twenty minutes —and many persons desirous
of lending their cash were disappointed, in consequence of the rapidity with which
the eighteen millions were subscribed 1–But, indeed, these eager subscribers were
not, after all, the lenders ;-they would have seen Pitt and his financial system
at the devil, could they not have retailed their several subscriptions, shares or slices,
at a very handsome profit, to persons not so much in the secret as themselves,


HOUSE OF COMMONS. 663
When chosen.
a similar one in the Commons by Mr. Fox, by 220 against
84*. On May 19th, Alderman Coombe moved an
address to his Majesty in the Commons for the dismissal
of Mr. Pitt; but it was negatived by 242 to 59:—on the
27th, Mr. Grey's motion for Parliamentary Reform, and
on the 30th, the Duke of Bedford's, for the dismissal of
his Majesty's Ministers, were both negatived by over-
whelming majorities.—On June 3d, a Bill was brought
into the Commons by Mr. Pitt, the purport of which
was, “that persons who should endeavour to seduce
either soldiers or sailors from their duty, should be
deemed guilty of felony, and suffer death."—This bill
passed without opposition –The Scottish Militia Bill
(proposed by Mr. Dundas) was passed on July 4th; but
great disturbances took place in Scotland, in conse-
quence.—On Dec. 19th, his Majesty and family, accom-
panied by both Houses of Parliament, went in grand
procession to St. Paul's cathedral, to return thanks for
naval victories.—Acts were passed this year “to raise
a provisional force of cavalry to be embodied, in case of
necessity, for the defence of the kingdom;"—to confirm
for a limited time the restrictions on payment of cash
by the Bank of England; and to remove doubts respecting
its notes for sums under five pounds f ;-to continue the
* Ireland was at this time in a very agitated state: on May 17th, the Lord Lieu-
tenant issued a proclamation, declaring the civil power to be inefficacious, and giving
up the powers of the government to the army.—On the 15th, the motion of Mr.
Ponsonby for a reform of the Irish House of Commons having been negatived by
117 to 30, Mr. Grattan and the leaders of Opposition seceded altogether from that
Parliament.
+ On Feb. 23d, in consequence of alarms respecting the solvency of the Bank, the
Privy Council authorized the Directors not to pay cash for their notes for the pre-
sent; nor until “the sense of Parliament should be taken on the subject.”—To this
mandate, these gentlemen paid ready and cheerful obedience; although they at the
same time published a notice to the proprietors of Bankstock and the public at large,
“ that the concerns of the Bank were in the most affluent and prosperous state;
indeed, such as to preclude any doubt as to the security of its notes:” and the same
day, a meeting of the most opulent (?) bankers, merchants, and traders of London
took place at the mansion-house, where it was resolved, “that being highly sensible
how necessary the preservation of public credit was at this time, they would not refuse
to receive Bank notes in payment of any sum of money; and that they would use
their utmost endeavours to make all their own payments in the same way P”—this
meeting went a great way towards counteracting the alarm which had been spread
abroad; and on the 4th of March, notes of the value of twenty shillings were first
issued by the Bank of England.
664 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Alien Act”;-to enable the East India Company to
raise money by further increasing their capital stockt;
—for preventing the administration or taking of un-
lawful oaths;–to make perpetual the Act for preventing
frauds by bankrupts;–to shorten the time required for
the King to give notice that the Parliament shall meet
for the despatch of business, and to provide for such
meeting in case of demise of the Crown;–to prevent
British subjects from being concerned in loans to the
native princes of India;-to enable his Majesty to grant
additional pardons to persons under sentence by naval
Courts Martial;-and to grant the sum of 372,000l. for
nine months, increased pay, &c. for the navy f.-The
taxation for 1797 amounted to 19,852,646l. : —the loans,
&c. to 30,463,970ſ. :—total income, 50,316,616l.
Amount of national debt, funded only, 327,071,370l.:
—annual interest thereon 12,507,4891. ;-expenses of
management of the same by the Bank, 415,774!.
* This Act, like the Annual Mutiny Bill, was in fact renewed every year:—the
number of aliens residing in London, Westminster and Southwark, according to
returns presented to the Commons, at this time, was 7041.
+ The Chancellor of the Exchequer was daily increasing the capital stock of the
nation, by borrowing its money, ay, and by spending it as fast as he got it;--
why, therefore, should not the East India, or any other, company, who were au-
thorized so to do by an Act of Parliament, have done the same thing?—The Bank
Company had certainly no occasion for an Act of this special nature; they had in-
creased their capital stock by a very plentiful issue of pound and other notes; which
issue, in 1798, amounted to thirteen millions !—This most profitable trade they
afterwards continued to exercise and increase, for more than a quarter of a century.
: The history of this Bill is curious, and shows what despatch may be used, in
Parliamentary business, when the three legislative branches are inclined for “a long
pull, a strong pull, and a pull altogether.”—The mutiny of the British fleet, which
had subsided for some time, broke out afresh at Spithead, on the 7th of May, this
year: and the Channel fleet positively refused to put to sea, on the plea “that
Government did not mean to fulfil the promises which it had held out to the sailors,
on their late submission.” Accordingly, the delegates re-assembled, and sent a
deputation to Admiral Colpoys, on board the London, at Portsmouth; but the
admiral not only refused to admit them on board, but even ordered his marines to
fire into the boat:-this conduct was immediately resented by the crew of the London,
who deposed their admiral, struck his flag, and hoisted an ensign of defiance 1–In
this state of things no time was to be lost; and as soon as the news arrived in Lon-
don, Mr. Pitt brought the above Bill into the House of Commons:—being read three
times, it was sent to the Lords, and passed through all its stages, in both Houses, in
one day! and immediately received the Royal Assent.—Lord Howe being despatched
to Portsmouth with this intelligence, as soon as a copy of the Act could be made out,
the seamen returned to their duty.—Might not our legislators of the present day
learn a useful lesson of despatch from this little money-bill?—but perhaps they
think that landsmen have more forbearance, and less determination, than sailors.




HOUSE OF COMMONS. 665
When chosen.
On June 15, 1798, the Duke of Leinster moved an address
to his Majesty that he would direct to be laid before
the Lords a statement of the circumstances which led
to the disastrous affairs of Ireland:—on the same day
Lord John Cavendish in the Commons, moved the
emancipation of the Irish Catholics:–and Mr. Fox
made a motion, deprecating the system of coercion
which had been enforced in Ireland by ministers; and
recommending conciliatory measures:–all these motions
were negatived by great majorities —On the 19th, how-
ever, these overwhelming negatives were accounted for
by a message from his Majesty, in which he acquainted
Parliament “ that the English militia had volunteered
their services to Ireland *.”
On Dec. 3, Mr. Pitt presented a Bill to the Commons for
laying a tax upon income : it soon passed the Lower
House, and was sent to the Lords; where it finally
passed into a law on April 5, 1799–Acts were passed
this year, “for providing for the defence of the realm,
and for indemnifying persons who might suffer in their
property, by such measures as might be necessary for
that purposef;”—“to empower his Majesty to secure
and detain such persons as were suspected of conspiring
against his person and government;”—“for preventing
* We shall by and by see that the Irish militia volunteered their services to
England! —Of all Pitt's manoeuvres, this was the most artful; and although we
may detest his memory, both as a man and a minister, it is difficult, for a moment,
not to shut our eyes on his crimes, in order to contemplate this masterpiece of
policy.—In their own native land, each militia would, without hesitation, have
thrown down their arms rather than shoot or bayonet their fathers and their brothers:
but on another soil, where no ties of relationship existed, they could have no reason-
able objection to do their duty as brave soldiers:—they could then destroy without
compunction;–they could murder without remorse.—The “divide et impera” of
the Roman politicians has in Britain and Ireland received a new and most extensive
illustration.
+ Pitt and his colleagues had somehow contrived, by their denunciations of French
atheism,_by a plentiful paper currency.-and by constantly keeping the fear of
invasion º the eyes of the otherwise peaceful population of these realms, to
imbue persons of all ranks with a military ardour, very ill-suited either to their
characters or constitutions:—persons of every grade now inrolled themselves into
volunteer corps. In London alone, 65 corps were formed, consisting of 8000 men.
A voluntary contribution for the defence of the country was at the same time
raised, amounting to 2,514,933. 12s. 9d.; of which the Common Council of
London subscribed 10,000l. ; and 139,332, were remitted from Bengal.

4 Q
666 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the mischiefs arising from the printing and publishing
of men’spapers, &c. by persons unknown ; and for re-
gulating the printing, &c. of such papers, in other
respects;”—to prevent persons residing in Britain from
buying into the Dutch funds, without license; and to
prevent traitorous correspondence with Holland;—to
prevent his Majesty's subjects from going to, or re-
maining in, France, or carrying on any correspondence
there;—for allowing gold wares to be manufactured
at a standard lower than is now allowed by law";—and
for the redemption and sale of the land-tax f.-The
taxes for 1798 amounted to 30,492,995l. ;—loans, &c.
to 18,254,477.l.—Total income, 48,747,4721. Amount
of the Funded Debt, 450,843,2371. ; the interest and
management of which (including the Sinking Fund),
was 20,108,885l.
On Jan. 9th, 1799, his Majesty sent a message to both
Houses, recommending them “to take into considera-
tion the necessity of a Legislative Union with Ireland,
in order to defeat the designs of the enemies of both
countries to cause a separation.”—On the 31st, Mr. Pitt
moved a series of resolutions in the Commons, containing
overtures of union with Ireland, which were carried by
a great majority. And on March 19th, the same were
agreed to in the Lords: -Acts were passed this year, to
* It is not at all surprising that the Parliament which could allow bakers to
make and sell bread “of a certain sort,” as was done in 1796, should sanction the
sophistication of jewellery in 1798.-They manage these things better in France.
+ If Mr. Pitt had any talent, it certainly consisted in squeezing money from every
source, and by all means, right or wrong—It seems that an annual land-tax of
four shillings in the pound did not yield sufficiently; but that he must sell the
goose that laid the golden eggs:–for a lumping sum, he cried “quits” with those
who were desirous of redeeming their land from tax, without the least regard to
the resources of those financiers who might come after him!—Verily, had this
“heaven-born minister” been a man in low life, he would have thought nothing of
pawning his father's wig for half a crown and selling the duplicate for a glass of gin .
# In the Irish House of Commons, a spirited debate took place on Jan. 22d,
on the motion for an address to the Lord Lieutenant, favourable to the Union;
and on a division, there were 107 for it, 105 against it. The Irish lords also
agreed to the address. On the 24th, however, this address being reported in
the lower House, Sir Laurence Parsons made a motion for the omission of the clause
relative to the Union, which was carried by 111 against 106; and the city of Dublin
was illuminated on the occasion.
House of CoMMONs. 667
When chosen.
continue the Scottish Small Note and Distillery Acts;
—for recruiting for the service of the East India Com-
pany";-to amend the Income and Land-Tax Redemp-
tion Acts;–for laying on various additional taxes;–for
exempting volunteer corps from being balloted for the
militia;-for augmenting the salaries of judges in Scot-
land;—to make perpetual the Acts against punishing
felons by burning in the hand;—and for the relief of
insolvent debtors;–for purchasing the Duke of Rich-
mond's coal-duty;-for prohibiting the exportation of
corn; and to allow the importation of Spanish wool;-
for suppressing treasonable and seditious societies, and
to prevent unlawful combinations among workmen;–
for continuing the Act relating to penitentiary houses,
and for the transportation of felons, with their removal
to temporary places of confinement in England and
Scotland;—for licensing printing presses in England;
—and for granting 200,000l. for the reduction of the
National Debt f –The Taxation this year amounted to
33,311,018l.; loans, and excess of Exchequer bills issued,
24,392,215l.—Total income, 59,703,233l.
On the 9th of Jan. 1800, the Directors of the Bank of
England agreed to lend the government three millions
for six years, without interest, on condition that the
Bank charter should be renewed for a further term of
twenty-one years, to be computed from the 1st day of
August, 1812;-that is, until the same day in 1833.−
On the 21st of April, the question of the Union with
Ireland being again brought before Parliament, Mr.
Grey moved “ that the proceedings be suspended until
the sentiments of the Irish people could be ascertained;”
but his motion was negatived by 236 against 30. On
the 2d of July, the Act of Union received the royal
* On March 5th, the Court of Directors of this company consented to the wishes
of the government, by giving up the point of recruiting for its own service; which put
an end to a long controversy.
+ Here was a munificent attempt at reduction particularly when we note the fact
that 24 millions were added to the Debt this very year, by loans and Exchequer
bills 111
668 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
assent, to take effect on the 1st day of January, 1801;
and on Aug. 2d, it received the royal assent in the
Irish Parliament;-consequently the session termi-
nated, and with it the existence of the Parliament of
Ireland”.
On Nov. 19, a Bill was brought into the Commons, and
afterwards passed, for ascertaining the population of
Great Britain. On Dec. 14th, Mr. Jones moved an
address to his Majesty for the dismissal of his ministers;
which was negatived by 66 against 33.—Acts were
passed for prohibiting the sale of bread not baked a cer-
tain time, and for regulating the price and assize of the
same;—for establishing regulations in the offices of the
House of Commons;–for regulating the government of
the British territories in India;—for regulating trials
for high treason in certain cases;–to amend the stamp-
duty and income tax Acts, and for additional duties on
hops;–for the safe custody of insane persons charged
with offences;–to empower his Majesty to shorten the
time for the meeting of Parliament, in cases of adjourn-
ment;-to authorize him from time to time, to prevent
the exportation of provisions or food, and to grant a
bounty on the importation of wheat, flour, and rice;—
for the better relief and employment of the poor, and to
extend the provisions of 17 Geo. II, respecting vagrants.
The military and naval establishments, at this time, con-
sisted of 417,952 men; exclusive of volunteer corps not
receiving pay from government.—The National Debt
(funded) amounted to 451,699,9191. ;-the taxes to
34,069,457l.;--theincometaxalone produced 5,601,624l.;
—loans and Exchequerbills issued in excess,26,666,8311.
—Total income for 1800, 60,736,288l.

* On Feb. 5th, Lord Castlereagh, then Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant, having
delivered a message to the Irish Parliament, recommending a speedy union between
the two countries, a warm and animated debate ensued as before, in the Commons;
but, on a division, there were 158 in favour of the measure, and 115 against it. In
the Lords it was carried by a great majority. Addresses were immediately made in
both Houses, declaratory of their approbation of the resolutions proposed by the
British Parliament for the union of the two kingdoms.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 669
- When chosen.
Sir John Mitford", (afterwards Baron Redesdale), Jan. 10 1801
He resigned, Feb. 8, 1802.
This was the first session of “THE IMPERIAL PARLIA-
MENT of GREAT BRITAIN AND IRELAND,” as con-
stituted by the legislative union of the two kingdoms.
By the articles of Union, 100 Commoners were to repre-
sent the counties, cities, and boroughs of Ireland; Eng-
land, Wales, and Scotland, sending the same number of
members, respectively, as before:–28 Lords Temporal
were to represent the Irish Peerage, and were to be
elected for life; and four Bishops were to represent the
Irish Prelates, taking their places each session, by rota-
tion f.-One of the first benefits to Ireland resulting
from this Union, was a Bill, on March 20, “for conti-
nuing martial lan', on account of the insurrectionary
state of that kingdom.”—On April 14, a Bill for fur-
ther suspending the Habeas Corpus Act, and for pre-
venting seditious and tumultuous meetings, passed both
Houses f. Parliament, at this time, began to vote monu-
ments in St. Paul's Cathedral to the memory of departed
naval and military heroes:–the first were Captains Moss
and Riou, and Sir Ralph Abercrombie.—On May 4th,
Lord Temple moved in the Commons, that the Rev. John
Horne Tooke, being in priest's orders, was ineligible to sit
as a member of that House; and that the Speaker should
issue a new writ for Old Sarum :—this was not agreed to,
but a Bill was brought in to disable persons in holy orders
to sit for the future; which Bill passed soon afterwards
into a law. On June 30th, an additional allowance of
8000l. a year was made to the income of the Prince of
Wales, until his debts should be paid off;-when, the
money was to be repaid (?) by a deduction from his then

* He succeeded the Rt. Hon. Henry Addington. On March 17th, there was a
general change in the ministry; when Mr. Addington succeeded Mr. Pitt, who
resigned the offices of First Lord of the Treasury and Chancellor of the Exchequer,
which he had held for 17 years.
+ See the cycle of Irish prelates, in page 22.
# By report of the Secret Committee, it appeared that an association for seditious
purposes had been formed under the name of the “United Britons,”—the members
whereof were to be admitted by a test.
670 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
income.—Acts were passed,—“for the better collection
of rates for the relief of the poor;”—to revive several Acts
for securing and detaining persons conspiring against
the king and government;-also for preventing seditious
meetings and unlawful combinations among workmen;–
to amend the Act permitting Bakers “to make and sell
certain sorts of bread;"—for the more effectual pre-
vention of forgery of bank notes (including those of
private and country banks), bills of exchange and bank
post bills;–for settling in what cases persons holding
offices of profit in Ireland shall be incapable of sitting
in Parliament;-to permit the exportation of tea to
Ireland, duty free, and to facilitate the trade of Ireland
and the United States of America;-for the regulation
of public notaries;–and for securing the copies and copy-
right of printed books to the authors and their assigns.—
Total produce of the tax on income for 1801 (including
79,5911., voluntary contributions),5,822,7411:—expense
of collection, 152,620l. :-Five pound Bank of England
notes in circulation, 13,845,800l.:—Two and One pound
notes, 2,519,400l.—The taxes for 1801 amounted to
35,516,3511. –Loans, 28,415,2111. :—Total income,
63,931,5621. Population of England, Wales, and Scot-
land, 10,943,646*.
Charles Abbot, Esq. (late Baron Colchester), Feb. 10 . . 1802
On March 27th, 1802, Mr. Addington gave notice of his
intention to move for the immediate repeal of the income
tax, which was repealed accordingly on April 5th. At
the same time the national debt was stated in the Com-
mons to amount to 543,627,5781.1—the annual interest
of which was upwards of 17 millions. On the 12th, Sir
Francis Burdett moved for an inquiry into the conduct
of the late ministry; but it was negatived by 246 against
39; and on May 7th, Mr. Nicholls moved an address to
his Majesty, thanking him for removing Mr. Pitt, the
* Of this number, England alone contained 8,331,434; Wales, 541,546; Scot-
land, 1,599,068; the army, 198,351; the navy, 126,279; seamen in merchant vessels,
144,558; convicts, 1410, London and Westminster contained 900,000.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 671
When chosen.
great debt-contractor, from his councils; but even that
was negatived by 224 against 52; and an amendment
by Lord Belgrave", importing “ that it was principally
owing to the energy and firmness of the late minister
that the honour of the country had been supported, and
its commerce maintained,” was carried by the same
majority; as was also a motion of thanks to Mr. Pitt,
by Mr. Peel t! On May 24th, Mr. Dent brought a Bill
into the Commons against bull-baiting, and other
popular barbarities:—it was strongly opposed by Mr.
Wyndham, who contended that horse-racing, hunting,
&c. were more cruel and immoral than either boxing or
bull-baiting; and was lost by a majority of 13.—On
June 3d, 10,000l. were voted to Dr. Jenner for the dis-
covery and introduction of Vaccination; and 1200l. to
Mr. Greathead for his invention of the Life-boat.—
On the 29th, Parliament was dissolved by proclamation.
—Acts were passed,—to permit French wines to be
imported in bottles or flasks, under certain restrictions;
—to enable the King to settle annuities of 12,000l. a
year, each, on the Dukes of Sussex and Cambridge, and
to make allowances, in certain cases, to subaltern officers
of the militia, during peace;—“to amend and render
more effectual the Acts 26th and 32d Geo. III. for
reduction of the national debt;” (!!)—for the better pro-
tection of letters and packets, and for preventing them
being sent otherwise than by post;--to authorize mem-
bers of Parliament and certain officers under govern-
ment, to send and receive letters, packets, votes, pro-
ceedings in Parliament and newspapers, by the post,
free from postage;—for the more effectual prevention of
* Afterwards Earl Grosvenor, now Marquess of Westminster.
+ Such was the confidence of the magnates and monied men, that this loan-
monger—this gigantic tax-collector—was the only pilot who could “weather the
storm,”—that, on his birthday, which was celebrated at Merchant-Tailors' Hall,
on May 29, no less than 900 noblemen and gentlemen of the first rank and influence
did him the honour of inviting him to a splendid feast; at which his vanity and
ambition were flattered by the most fulsome compliments, while his warlike and
debt-contracting propensities were excited to action by loyal toasts and bombastic
sentiments against Buonaparte and the French I

672 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
smuggling;-for trying and punishing in Great Britain,
persons holding public employments abroad;—for the
preservation of the health and morals of apprentices
employed in the cotton manufacture;—to exempt from
auction duty estates bought in for the owners;–and to
consolidate the provisions of the several Acts for the re.
demption and sale of the land-tax—The Taxes for 1802
amounted to 37,111,6191. –Loans and Exchequer bills
to 34,760,811:—Total income, 71,872,430l.
The Right Honourable Charles Abbot, rechosen on Nov. 16 1802
On March 8th, 1803, the King sent a message to both
Houses, stating, “ that considerable military prepara-
tions were going on in the ports of France and Holland,
professedly directed for colonial service; but as the result
of discussions pending between him and the French
government was uncertain, he deemed it expedient to
adopt additional measures of security:”—an Address was
immediately voted, with an addition of 10,000 seamen.—
Lord Pelham, on the 16th of May, delivered a message
to the Commons, that the discussions between his Ma-
jesty and the French Republic had terminated unami-
cably; and on the 18th a declaration of war, on the part
of Great Britain against France, was laid before Par-
liament *-On July 4, an Act was passed for a new
military levy of 50,000 men, to be called the “Royal
Army of Reservet.”—On the 21st of the same month,
* It was singular that George III., as Elector of Hanover, issued a proclamation
on the 28th of this month, stating, “that he abided by the Treaty of Luneville,
and that in quality of Elector, he should take no part in the war.”—This proclama-
tion, however, did not save Hanover; for, on the 3d of June, that Electorate sur-
rendered by capitulation to General Mortier, commander of the French troops
in Germany.—His Majesty had just repaired and furnished his Electoral palace at
an expense of 50,000l.—His private property, however, consisting of ingots and
specie to the amount of 300,000l., was sent to St. Petersburg. on the approach of
the French, and arrived at the London Custom House, on board the Woolwich, on
the 30th of November.
# The Consular Government in France having issued a decree for the detention
of the English, to answer for those Frenchmen who were made prisoners by ships,
previously to any declaration of war, and another for the prohibition of English
merchandize and all English colonial produce, from the ports of the Republic:—
the loyalty and military mania broke out afresh throughout Great Britain.-A
meeting of at least 5000 of the most opulent merchants, shipowners, bankers, and
others, of the City of London, was held on the Royal Exchange; where they

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 673
When chosen.
on the motion of Lord Hawkesbury (afterwards Earl of
Liverpool), the sum of 60,000l., and a pension of 16,000l.
a year was granted by the Commons to the Dutch Stadt-
holder; who, having fled from Holland, had come to reside
in England with his family.—On July 28th, the King
communicated to the two Houses “ the treasonable and
rebellious spirit which was at this time prevalent in Ire-
land, and the atrocious assassination of Lord Kilwarden;”
—an address was immediately voted, and 1000l. offered
for the apprehension of the murderers.-Acts were
passed, for the relief of the Roman Catholics;–for pro-
tecting trade during the war with France;—for regu-
lating the bribery oath at elections;– to provide for the
security of the realm, in case of invasion;–for aug-
mentation of the maintenance of the poor clergy, to
entitle spiritual persons to hold farms, and to promote
the building of parsonage houses;–for the better relief
and employment of the poor;-for levying a tax on
income *; for rendering justices of the peace more safe
in the performance of their duty;-for the suppression
of rebellion in Ireland;—to continue the restrictions on
the payment of cash by the Bank of England;—and to
enable his Majesty better to exercise his prerogative of
calling forth the military aid of his subjects.-The Taxes
for 1803 amounted to 38,203,9371. ;-Loans and Ex-
chequer Bills to 15,544,874l.—Total income, 53,748,8111.
On March 26th, 1804, the King informed the Parliament, by
message, “ that the Irish militia had volunteered to eatend
their services to Great Britain.”—On the 23d of April,
Mr. Fox moved the appointment of a Committee of the
whole House of Commons, to whom should be confided
unamiously passed a declaration, expressive of “their loyalty and determination to
stand or fall with their King and country:”—at the same time, the volunteers
began to be enrolled all over the kingdom;-those of the Metropolis alone
amounted to 46,000 cavalry and infantry-This warlike spirit was well sustained
by frequent reviews and field-days; and by the most flattering encomiums on their
military prowess.
* The Livery of London met in Guildhall on the 29th of June, to instruct the
representatives of the city to oppose the tax upon income, as impolitic, unjust, and
inexpedient.
4 R
674 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the revisal of the several Acts for the defence of the
country:—in the course of the debate, Mr. Pitt made a
violent attack on ministers, as he had done a few days
before, in strong censure of the conduct of the Admiralty.
Mr. Fox's motion was lost; there being but 204 for it,
and 256 against it.—On the 5th of June, Mr. Pitt (now
become First Lord of the Treasury, in the room of Mr.
Addington), introduced a Bill into the Commons, which
was carried, under the designation of the “Additional
Force Act,” which embraced the plan of raising and
supporting a permanent military force, whilst the militia
should be gradually reduced. On the 20th a Bill was
introduced for permitting the exportation of corn, when
the price should be at or below 48s, per quarter; and
for its importation, when the average was 63s., but not
below that price:–this Bill, without much opposition,
passed into a law.—On the 27th, Parliament settled
1200l. a year on the widow of Lord Kilwarden; 800l.
a year on his son; and 400l. a year on each of his daughters.
—On the 28th, Mr. Wilberforce's Bill for the Abolition
of the Slave Trade, after a certain period, passed the
Commons:—it was, however, on the 30th of July, most
unceremoniously thrown out by the House of Lords,
without a division l—Acts were passed,—for raising
sums of money for cutting wet docks in the port of
London;–to augment the Irish militia, in order to their
doing duty in England;—to enforce the Canon law with
respect to the ages of persons to be admitted to holy
orders;–for increasing the capital stock (stock-debt, as
they say in the country theatres) of the Bank of Scot-
land;—for granting additional duties on wines;–to
prevent the sale of exciseable liquors in Scotland, by
persons not licensed;—for the better support of his Ma-
jesty's household;—for the further encouragement of
the British fisheries, and to prevent smuggling in the
Isle of Man ;-for settling disputes between masters
and journeymen in the cotton manufacture;—and for
the more effectual administration of justice in England
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 675
When chosen.
and Ireland, by the issuing of Habeas Corpus ad
testificandum, in certain cases.—The taxes for 1804
amounted to 45,515,1521.:—Loans and Exchequer Bills
to 20,670,4311.-Total income, 66,185,583l.—Bank of
England notes in circulation, 17,931,930l.
On March 11th, 1805, the Speaker issued his warrant, by
order of the House of Commons, for the committal to
Newgate of the two sheriffs of Middlesex, for gross
partiality in favour of Sir Francis Burdett, Bart., at
the late election for that county.—On April 6th, Mr.
Whitbread brought forward charges of peculation and
mal-appropriation of the public money against Lord
Melville, late Treasurer of the Navy":—Accordingly,
on the 11th of June, his lordship appeared within the
bar of the House of Commons, and addressed them in
defence of his public conduct. When he had retired,
Mr. Whitbread moved his impeachment for high crimes
and misdemeanors:—on a division, it was found that
295 were for the impeachment, 272 against it.—On the
report of the select committee, appointed to inquire into
this business, being made, Mr. Whitbread moved certain
resolutions, implicating the Chancellor of the Exchequer
(Mr. Pitt) “in the knowledge of the fact of money
having been withdrawn from the Bank by Lord Mel-
ville and Mr. Trotter, and lodged at a private banking
house:”—on this motion, the previous question was
carried; and subsequently, a bill of indemnity was pro-
posed, and finally adopted by both Houses.—On June
21st, the Commons voted an annuity of 3000l. to the
Duke of Atholl, as a compensation for the royalties,
revenues, &c. formerly possessed by his family in the
Isle of Man f.
On the 25th, the criminal prosecution against Lord Melville
being stayed, Mr. Whitbread was appointed manager of
* On April 10th, his Lordship resigned his situation as First Lord of the Admi-
ralty, and was afterwards struck out of the list of Privy Councillors.
+ The sovereignty of this Island had been sold to government by the Duke's
ancestor for 70,000l.
676 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the impeachment: and on the 26th, that gentleman, ac-
companied by several members of the Lower House,
appeared at the Lord's bar, and impeached his Lordship
in the name of the Commons of Great Britain and Ire-
land. A Bill was at the same time introduced in the
Commons to indemnify Mr. Trotter and all others, who
might give evidence on the trial, against any conse-
quences personal to themselves—Acts were passed,—
to enable the Lord Lieutenant of Ireland to apprehend
and detain suspected persons;–for imposing a duty on
property, professions, trades, and offices (!!!);-and
for extending the provisions of the laws for the forgery
of bank notes, bills of exchange, &c.—The Taxation for
1805, amounted to 50,555,1911–Loans, Exchequer bills,
&c. 28,649,875l. —Total income, 79,205,066l.
On June 27th, 1806, the Commons voted that Mr. Pitt's
debts should be paid by the public; that he should be
buried at the public expense; and that a monument
should be erected to his memory in Westminster Abbey".
* Mr. Pitt died at Putney on the 23d, and in the 47th year of his age: he had
been at the head of the government of this country for a longer period, and with
greater power and popularity (that is among those with whom he divided the spoil
of his loans, contracts, places, and pensions) than any of his predecessors. He had
been chosen premier in May, 1804, for the purpose of carrying on the war with
France; and he thought, by subsidizing Russia, Austria, and Prussia, for its in-
vasion, and attacking its naval force by the whole power of the British fleet, under
the brave Nelson, that he could, as it were with one blow, crush Napoleon and his
empire, and annihilate European freedom for ever.—But, he wofully miscalculated
the physical energies of a great people resolved to be free in the choice of their
government and their sovereign:—his puny mind had no conception of the vast
and soaring flights of the imperial Eagle:—no! his grovelling notions were con-
fined to the cunning devices of the tax-gatherer and the exciseman;–to the daring
and hardihood of the agent of an oligarchy; —to the employment of hordes of bar-
barians for the enslaving of civilized Europe!—But Pitt had hardly exulted over
the destruction of the French fleet at Trafalgar, ere his ears were stunned with the
terrible news of the total defeat of the Northern Confederates at Austerlitz!—This
battle was his death-blow : —it blasted all his hopes;–it scattered his deep-laid
schemes to the winds;–and he sank into the grave, as it is said, with a broken heart!
He was succeeded as first Lord of the Treasury, by Lord Grenville; and as
Chancellor of the Exchequer by Lord Henry Petty (now Marquess of Lansdowne).
In addition to the honours decreed him by Parliament, the Common Council of
the City of London, after much discussion, voted that a splendid monument to his
memory should be erected in their Guildhall; and clubs were formed all over the
kingdom, bearing his name, and pledging themselves to the support of war and
corruption, on the principles laid down by this apostate from liberty:-nay, a few

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 677
When chosen.
On March 28th, Lord Henry Petty, the new Chancellor
of the Exchequer, submitted a proposition to the Com-
mons for raising the property tax from 6% to 10 per
cent, :—this was to affect all property above 50l. a year,
with some few exceptions. On April 3d, Mr. Wind-
ham brought forward his plan of military defence *.
These bills encountered the most determined opposition,
but finally passed both Houses and received the Royal
Assent. On the 21st, a message from the King an-
nounced war with Prussia-On the 25th, Lord Howick
moved for an increase of pay to the navy, which was
agreed to.—On May 12th, 5000l. per annum, for ever,
were settled by Parliament on the heirs of Lord Nelson f;
besides 120,000l. ready money, to purchase a family seat.
—On May 15th, Mr. Wyndham's Bill for the repeal of
the “Additional Force Act,”—and on June 10th, a
resolution to abolish the slave trade, moved by Mr. Fox,
were carried in the Commons:–the latter by a majority
of 99: it did not pass in the House of Lords, however,
this session.—On the 12th, the trial of Viscount Melville
terminated in the Lords, by his Lordship's acquittal of
all the charges exhibited against him by the Commons !
—Acts were passed,—to amend the several laws relating
to the payment of first-fruits by the clergy;-for en-
of these associations exist even unto the present day.—Such were the parliamentary,
civic, and almost divine, honours, heaped on the memory of a man who had plunged
his country 500 millions deeper in debt than it was before he undertook the ad-
ministration of its affairs:; and whose financial incapacity was such, that even his
own large income, arising from the offices which he held, was insufficient to keep pace
with his extravagance ;-for the nation was called upon to pay even the personal
debts which he had contracted |
* By this plan foot soldiers were to be inlisted for seven years; at the expiration
of which they were to be entitled to their discharge: if they renewed their engage-
ment for another seven years, they were to have an increase of pay; and for a third
period of seven years they were to receive a further addition. The cavalry and
artillery were to be inlisted for ten years;–the second period was to be six; and
the third five.
# A public funeral, on the most magnificent scale, in St. Paul's Cathedral, had
been decreed to the remains of this gallant Admiral:—it was attended by the princes
of the royal blood, and by the greater part of the two Houses of Parliament.
: Ireland was likewise contracting a pretty little debt of its own:—at this time it
amounted to 58,000,000l.
678 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
couraging the manufacture of thread lace in England;
—for augmenting the salaries of Masters in Chancery;
—to permit the importation of French wines from Ire-
land into England; and of timber for naval purposes
from America;-for the revision of schools in Ireland;
—to prohibit for two years, certain ships from engaging
in the slave trade;—for enabling his Majesty to settle
annuities on the royal family;-foramending certain Acts
relative to letters and parcels conveyed by post; for the
security and expedition of the post in Ireland; and for
limiting the number of persons carried by stage coaches;
—for the construction of the East India Docks at Black-
wall; and the preservation of the public harbours of the
kingdom ; –for providing a more speedy and regular audit
of the public accounts;–and to amend the Bankrupt
Laws.-Parliament was dissolved on the 25th of October,
by proclamation".
Charles Abbot, Esq. chosen a third time on Dec. 15 . . 1806
The taxation for 1806 amounted to 54,071,908). Loans,
&c. to 21,398,0271. Total income, 75,469,935l.
On Jan. 2d, 1807, Lord Grenville, First Lord of the Trea-
sury, brought into the House of Lords another bill for
abolishing the Slave Trade, which was soon passed and
sent to the Commons; where it was carried on the 5th
of Feb. by a majority of 100 to 36. It received the
royal assent on March 25th f.
A total change of ministry took place on this day, in con-
sequence of the Grenville administration being defeated
in passing a bill for the admission of Roman Catholics
to serve in the army without the taking of certain oaths.
The Duke of Portland succeeded Lord Grenville, as first
Lord of the Treasury.—Besides the abolition of the
* This was in consequence of the lamented death of Mr. Charles Fox, Secretary
of State for Foreign Affairs. A general change of the ministry followed; the con-
sequence of which was that a termination was put to the negotiations for peace with
France. The Berlin Decrees followed on the 20th Nov.; by which Napoleon in-
terdicted all commerce and correspondence, direct or indirect, between the British
dominions and all countries under his control.
+ The trade was to be finally abolished on the 1st of Jan, 1808.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 679
When chosen.
slave trade, Acts were passed during this short Parlia-
ment, to amend and make perpetual the 42d of Geo. III.
for the regulation of controverted elections; and to con-
tinue for seven years, certain Acts for the prevention and
punishment of attempts to seduce persons serving in the
army and navy, from their duty and allegiance—Par-
liament was dissolved by proclamation on the 29th of
April.
Charles Abbot, Esq. chosen a fourth time on June 22 . 1807
Acts were passed in the first session of the new Parlia-
ment, to indemnify those who had advised and acted
under an Order of Council, for regulating the naviga-
tion and commerce between Great Britain and the
United States of America •;—to suppress insurrection
and the disturbance of the public peace in Ireland; and,
to prevent improper persons in that kingdom from having
arms;–to charge public accountants with interest
on balances in their hands, &c.;-to enable the East
India Company to raise money upon bond, without in-
creasing their capital stock;-and for alloning t a certain
portion of the militia forces to inlist into the regular
* The Emperor Napoleon, by decrees dated Hamburgh and Milan, had declared
the island of Great Britain in a state of blockade; and had thereby compelled all
the continental powers under his influence, to prohibit the commerce of their subjects
with any of the dominions of the King of England: he had also appointed com-
mercial residents to see these decrees carried into effect. In order to counteract them,
an expedition was sent to Copenhagen, under Admiral Gambier, to induce the Court
of Denmark to abandon the policy of shutting the ports of Holstein, &c. against
British vessels; and the Prince Royal refusing to comply, the city was bombarded:
—a capitulation was the consequence, and the British took possession of the whole
of the Danish fleet, which, with all the naval stores, were brought into the ports of
Great Britain.—An Order of Council was then issued, allowing neutral powers to
trade with the enemies of Great Britain, on condition of their touching at British
ports, and paying the custom duties on their merchandize to the government.
+ This word ought to be read “compelling;' as could be proved in thousands
of instances. The militia were by this time, good ready made soldiers; and although
their contract with the government was to serve only for the protection of Great
Britain,_innumerable were the inducements held out to them to enter the regiments
of the line:—sometimes, 300 and 500 at a time have been wrought upon by drink,
by small bribes, and by loyal speeches from their officers, to enrol themselves “to
fight the French on their own ground;”–and miserable, indeed, was often the re-
maining period of that militia-man's servitude, whose prudence prevented him from
falling into the cruel snare:—the least neglect of duty or discipline subjected him
to the lash.
680 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
army—The taxes for 1807 amounted to 59,496,7311–
of which the property tax yielded 10,131,344/.:—loans,
Exchequer bills, &c. to 21,960,290l.:—total income to
81,457,021/.
On Jan. 22, 1808, the Commons were moved to take into
consideration certain papers relative to the connexion
between the East India Company and the Nabob of
Oude, in order to decide on the conduct of the Marquess
Wellesley.—After long debates and several adjourn-
ments, the House divided; when there appeared for
the motion 31,–against it 182;-upon which Sir John
Anstruther moved—“That it appeared to the House,
that the Marquess Wellesley, in his arrangements in
the province of Oude, was actuated by an ardent zeal
for the service of his country, and the safety, interest,
and prosperity of the British Empire in India:”—which
motion was carried by a majority of 189 over 29.—
Acts were passed this session, for empowering the Bank
of England to advance 3,000,000l., without interest,
towards the service of 1808; to be repaid within six
months after a definitive treaty of peace;—to authorise
the Bank Directors to advance for the public service
500,000l., being a proportion of the balance of un-
claimed dividends on stock, in their hands; and for re-
gulating the allowances to be paid them for the manage-
ment of the public debt, by which there was to be a
saving to government of 70,000l. per annum;-for new
duties on stamps, assessed taxes, and game-certificates;
—for enforcing the residence of spiritual persons on
their benefices, in Ireland;—for providing suitable in-
terment in churchyards, for human bodies cast on shore
by shipwreck;-to restrain the negotiation of promissory
notes and inland bills of exchange, under a limited sum,
in England;—for the better care and maintenance of
pauper and criminal lunatics;–to enable his Majesty to
establish a permanent local militia, for the defence of
the realm;-to render valid, marriages solemnized in
certain churches and chapels in which banns had not
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 681.
When chosen.
usually been published before the Act of 26th Geo. II.,
“for preventing clandestine marriages;”—for more
effectually preventing the crime of larceny from the
person;—and to enable the Commissioners for the re-
duction of the National Debt to grant life-annuities.—
The taxes for 1808 amounted to 62,147,6011.; of which
the property tax alone yielded 11,398,135l.:—loans,
Exchequer bills, &c. to 24,308,044l.—Total income,
86,455,645l. *
On Feb. 1, 1809, Colonel Wardle exhibited charges against
the Commander-in-Chief, his Royal Highness the Duke
of York, for disposing of military and other promotions
through the influence of Mrs. Mary Anne Clarke, with
whom he had cohabited, and who had received various
sums of money from several persons for using her credit
with the Duke; in consequence of which, the Commons
instituted an inquiry into the case, and examined wit-
nesses. They were thus occupied until the 17th of
March ; and on the close of the examination, Colonel
Wardle moved for an address to the King to dismiss the
Duke from his high office. After a debate of six days,
this motion was negatived, and the House resolved by
a majority of 278 over 196, “that the charge of personal
corruption and connivance which had been imputed to
the Duke of York, was wholly without foundation:”—
but, before the discussion closed, the Duke tendered his
resignation to the King, his father; accompanied by a
letter, wherein he asserted his entire innocence of the
charges alleged against him. This being formally com-
municated to the Commons, the House resolved, “that
it was not expedient to proceed further in the evidence
relative to his Royal Highness.”—Acts were passed
this session,-- for the further prevention of the sale
and brokerage of offices;”—for augmenting the salaries
of the judges;–to relieve prisoners for inability to
* The number of acres of waste land in Great Britain, by report of the Agricul-
tural Board, was 22,107,000 acres: —viz, in England, 6,259,470; in Wales,
1,629,307; and in Scotland, 14,218,223.
4 s
682 SPEAKERS, &c, OF THE
When chosen.
pay money pursuant to orders from Courts of Equity;-
for the relief of insolvent debtors in Ireland;—to permit
the trade between Great Britain and the United States
of America to be carried on in American vessels;–for
granting new Custom duties; and to enable Justices of
the Peace to determine prosecutions for offences against
the revenue of Customs;–for allowing dealers to roast
their own coffee, on certain conditions (!);—to empower
the English Judges to try civil causes in their own coun-
ties;—to alter and amend the Bankrupt Laws;–and,
“for better securing the independence of Parliament,
by preventing the procuring or obtaining of seats in
the House of Commons by corrupt practices.”
The taxes for 1809 amounted to 63,879,8811. ; the pro-
perty tax, alone, yielding 12,386,9131. :—loans, Ex-
chequer bills, and surplus of Irish revenue, 24,868,205l.
—Total income, 88,748,086l. — The funded national
debt for Great Britain amounted to 701,229,514l, ; for
Ireland, 50,094,000l.—Total debt, 751,323,514!.
On Feb. 21, 1810, Mr. John Gale Jones, one of the
managers of a debating club, called “The British
Forum,” was ordered to the Bar of the House of Com-
mons, and charged with a breach of the privileges of
that House, in the publication of a placard respecting a
discussion held in the said club:—having made his de-
fence, he was committed to Newgate. On March 12th,
Sir Francis Burdett, Bart. moved for his discharge;
contending that “the Commons, in this committal, had
infringed the lan' of the land, and subverted the prin-
ciples of the constitution:” when the House divided,
there were for the motion 14; against it 153–On the
21st, Lord Porchester, one of the Committee for in-
quiring into the policy and conduct of the great naval
and military expedition to the Scheldt, submitted to
the House two resolutions; the first relating to the im-
policy and folly of the said expedition; and the second
to the impolitic retention of the Island of Walcheren,
where the British troops were daily thinned by war and
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 683
- When chosen.
disease: the debate was continued during four days,
when his Lordship's resolutions were negatived by 275
against 227. General Crawford then moved resolutions,
which were carried, approving of the conduct of mini-
sters, and the retention of Walcheren”.
On March 26th, Mr. Lethbridge brought under the notice
of the Commons a publication which had appeared in
Cobbett's Register on the 24th, entitled “ Sir Francis
Burdett to his constituents; denying the power of the
House of Commons to imprison the people of England.”
Sir Francis having acknowledged himself the author,
Mr. Lethbridge proposed two resolutions;–the first
declaring the address to be a libellous and scandalous
paper, reflecting on the rights and privileges of the
House;—the second, that Sir F. Burdett, who suffered
the article to be printed in his name, had been guilty of
a violation of the privileges of Parliament.—A long
debate ensued, which was continued, by adjournment,
to the 5th of April, when a motion by Sir R. Salisbury
was carried for the commitment of Sir Francis Burdett
to the Towert.-Petitions were presented to the Com-
mons from the electors of Westminster (which Sir Fran-
cis represented), from those of the county of Middlesex,
and, indeed, from all parts of the kingdom, praying the
release of the Honourable Baronet, as well as a “Reform
of the Commons' House of Parliament;”—but they were
all rejected by the House. On May 21st, Mr. Brand
made a motion for Parliamentary Reform; but it was
lost by 234 votes against 115.—On the 30th, Mr.
* As soon as the Emperor Napoleon heard of this expedition, he foresaw the fatal
result; and in addressing the Senate, he exclaimed, “the Genius of France has led
the British troops into the pestiferous marshes of Walcheren, where disease alone
will destroy them.”—The event soon proved how truly prophetic were these words.
+ On April 9th, the sergeant-at-arms (attended by 20 or 30 police officers, and a
detachment of cavalry and infantry) being refused admittance into Sir Francis Bur-
dett's house in Piccadilly, forced an entrance, made him prisoner, and conveyed him
to the Tower.—Sir Francis, previously to this, had been waited on by the sergeant-
at-arms, with the Speaker's warrant; but he disputed its legality, and refused to obey
it. –Several riots took place among the populace in consequence of the arrest, and
the military, on their return from escorting Sir Francis to the Tower, being assailed
by stones, fired among the crowd; by which several lives were lost.


684 SPE KERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Wellesley Pole brought in a bill for the repeal of the
Insurrection Act in Ireland, which soon passed into a
law”.-On Dec. 20th, the King's former malady having
returned, the Commons passed a Bill, appointing his
Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, Regent of the
United Kingdom, during his father's illness, and under
certain restrictions and regulations: it was agreed to by
the Lords on the 28th of the same month.-Acts were
passed, “for allowing the transportation of British and
Irish made salt from one part of the United Kingdom
to another;”—for consolidating the customs in the Isle
of Man; and for placing the same under the manage-
ment of the English commissioners of customs;–for
encouraging the consumption of malt-liquor in Ireland;
—to amend the poor-laws, by giving justices of the
peace authority to examine the accounts of overseers
and churchwardens;–to amend the Act 7 James I.
relating to the punishment of women delivered of bas-
tard children;–to amend the Act 8 and 9 William III.,
which required that persons receiving alms should wear
badges;–to prevent the embezzlement of public money,
or securities, by collectors or receivers; and for taking
security from persons in offices of trust;-to prevent the
administering and taking of unlawful oaths in Ireland;
* Parliament being prorogued on the 21st of June, Sir F. Burdett was liberated
from the Tower, and Mr. Gale Jones from Newgate;—the power of imprisonment
by the Commons continuing no longer than whilst the House was in session.
On this occasion the Baronet's friends had arranged a procession in honour of his
liberation; but he thought it advisable to return to his house by water:—the pro-
cession, however, although greatly disappointed, ranged themselves in order, paraded
through the cities of London and Westminster, and arrived at the baronet's house
without any accident or outrage.
* On March 8th, 1811, Sir Francis brought an action against Mr. Abbot, the
Speaker, for a trespass and assault, in breaking open his house: the defendant
pleaded a Justification. The cause was adjourned for a further hearing, until the
17th of May, when the judges pronounced the justification satisfactory; thereby
admitting and enforcing the right of the House of Commons to commit members and
other persons to prison, for breach of privilege. On June 19th, he brought an action
against the sergeant-at-arms (Mr. Coleman), for a trespass, assault, and false im-
prisonment; to which the defendant pleaded “not guilty and a justification.” The
jury found a verdict for the defendant. On April 24th, 1812, writs of error having
been brought into the Exchequer Chamber, on the judgment pronounced in the Court
of King’s Bench, the same were argued with great solemnity; and that Court una-
nimously affirmed the previous judgment.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 685
When chosen.
and for amending the prison-laws in that country;-
and for laying annually before Parliament accounts of
public salaries, pensions, and allowances.—The taxes for
1810 amounted to 67,825,5971. ; of which the property
tax yielded 13,492,215l. ; –loans, Exchequer bills, &c.,
24,001,8271. :—total income, 91,827,424!.-The per-
manent taxes amounted to 34,395,933/. ;-the annual
duties to 5,161,467!.; and the war taxes to 22,707,443.l.
The national debt, funded and unfunded, English and
Irish, and including 7,500,000l. to the Emperor of Aus-
tria, amounted to 811,898,0831, 12s. 33 d. 111°–The
Bank of England notes and post bills in circulation
amounted to 21,406,930l.
Administratione Regni, Georgii Principis Wallia.
On March 1st, 1811, the Chancellor of the Exchequer
moved for the appointment of a committee to examine
into the causes of the great commercial distress at this
time prevalent f. The committee reported that it had
arisen from extensive speculations in the South Ame-
rican market; and recommended parliamentary aid to
relieve it. A Bill was accordingly passed, to enable
* It must have been truly consolatory, and indeed gratifying, to the people of
these realms, whilst plunged chin-deep in debt, that the stewards who had the ma-
nagement of their affairs were so very ea act in their accounts as to put down even
the utmost brass farthing !—What! mention “threepence three farthings,” in an
account of upwards of eight hundred millions of pounds sterling 1–Faugh it is too
disgusting even to think on :-such a statement partakes too much of humbug, and
must have been made to divert public attention from the astounding number of
hundreds of millions of pieces of gold which the present or a future generation is
condemned to pay.—When private persons keep their accounts thus evactly, they
seldom, or never, get into debt at all.—But it is rather unfortunate for the reputation
of the financiers and public accountants of the period in question, that an Act of
Parliament was passed this very year (1810) “to prevent the embezzlement of public
money or securities, by collectors or receivers; and for taking security from persons
in offices of trust.”—Now it is very well known that no penal statute is ever passed
by the British legislature in anticipation of crimes that may by possibility occur:—
such are never enacted until the kind of delinquency which they are intended to
restrain has become motorious; nor until the crown lawyers have declared that the
same is unrestrainable by the laws already in force.-Ergo, the above enumeration
of farthings is “too much of a good thing;”—though, indeed, as intended, it must
have had the effect of diversion from the main point.
+ There had been notices of upwards of 2000 bankruptcies in the Royal Gazette in
1810.

686 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
government to issue six millions in Exchequer Bills;–to
be repaid by equal payments from three months to three
months.
On June 6th, Lord Milton moved a resolution in the
Commons, “ That it was highly improper and inde-
corous in the advisers of the Prince Regent, to recom-
mend the re-appointment of the Duke of York, as Com-
mander in Chief of the Forces:”—but, on a division, the
votes for the resolution were 47; against it, 296–Acts
were passed,—for taking an account of the population
of Great Britain";-to allon, a certain proportion of the
militia to inlist annually into the regular forces;–to
authorize the punishment by confinement and hard
labour of persons in Ireland liable to transportation;–
to enable the East India Company to raise a further sum
by bond, without increasing their capital stock;-to
explain and amend the Act 39 Geo. III. for suppressing
seditious societies, as far as respects certain penalties
on printers and publishers;–for allowing the use of a
liquor prepared from sugar, for colouring porter;-to
promote the building and repairing of churches, and
chapels;–to permit the interchange of the English and
Irish Militias;–and “for preventing the current gold
coin of the realm from being paid or accepted for a
greater value than the current value of such coin; as
well as for preventing any note of the Bank of England
from being received for any smaller sum than the sum
thereon specified.”—The taxes for 1811 amounted to
65,309,100l. ;-the Property Tax yielding 13,707,218l.:
—Loans, Exchequer bills, &c. 29,613,3721. Total
income, 94,922,4721.
On March 6th, 1812, Benjamin Walsh, Esq. was ex-
pelled the House of Commons, and a new writ was
ordered for Wootton Bassett. On May 11th, Mr.
* There were in England 9,538,827 persons; in Wales, 611,788; in Scotland,
1,805,688; in the army, navy, and merchant-vessels, 640,500. Total, 12,596,803.
The population of the metropolis amounted to 1,050,000.
+ The cause of this expulsion was, that Walsh had been found guilty by a jury,
of feloniously stealing from Sir Thomas Plomer twenty-two notes of the Bank of

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 687
When chosen.
Perceval, the Chancellor of the Exchequer, was assassin-
ated by a man named Bellingham, as he was entering
the House of Commons, from the lobby *.
On Sept. 29th, the Prince Regent dissolved the Parliament,
by proclamation.—Acts had been passed for making
provision for the better support of his Majesty's house-
hold, during his indisposition;–for granting annuities
for the discharge of Exchequer bills;–for erecting a
Penitentiary House for the confinement of offenders
convicted in London and Middlesex;-for more effect-
ually preventing the embezzlement of securities for
money, &c. left in the hands of bankers, merchants,
attornies or their agents;–to allow the use of sugar in
brewing beer in England;—for increasing the assessed
taxes;–to provide a summary remedy for the abuse of
trusts for charitable purposes;–to deprive of their
seats, such Members of the House of Commons as shall
become bankrupts, or who shall not pay their debts
within a limited time;—for the better regulation and
preservation of parish and other registers;–to repeal
and amend certain Acts relating to religious worship,
assemblies, and preachers;–for the more effectual
England, valued 1000l. each. A question was reserved on this verdict for the
opinion of the judges, “ whether the crime charged was a larceny or only a civil
contract,”—that is, a debt. Their Lordships decided that “in the estimation of the
law it did not amount to the former;” and recommended Walsh to his Majesty for
pardon –he was pardoned accordingly ; and on the 22d of Feb. was discharged
from Newgate. The Commons, however, could not well permit such a man to sit
in their House as a legislator: —they, therefore, expelled him; and an Act was passed,
(commonly styled “Sir Thomas Plomer's Act”), wherein is drawn the line of de-
marcation between debts and embezzlement.
* Mr. Perceval died in about ten minutes, the pistol-shot having entered his heart.
The assassin surrendered immediately, and proved to be an Anglo-Russian merchant,
who, having failed to obtain redress from the British ambassador, Lord Leveson
Gower, at Petersburg, for certain injuries done him by the Russian government,-
and having, at great expense, and with much loss of time, petitioned the ministry at
home for inquiry and compensation, took this method of revenging his wrongs.-
He was tried at the Old Bailey, on the 15th ; and on the 18th was hanged at New-
gate, without expressing any compunction for the terrible act.—This murder caused
much consternation, particularly among those in authority. It was not appeased until
the Ministers were convinced that Bellingham had had no associates; for the general
impression ran, from the disturbed state of the manufacturing districts, that there was
a plot to destroy the several members of his Majesty's government.—Mr. Vansittart,
now Baron Bexley, succeeded Mr. Perceval, as Chancellor of the Exchequer; and a
general change of ministry took place soon after.


688 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
punishment of persons aiding the escape of prisoners of
war;-to prevent the issue of bank-tokens, except
those of the Bank of England and Ireland;—to grant
parochial relief to debtors under mesne process, in
prisons which are not county gaols;—for the exemplary
punishment of persons destroying stocking and lace-
frames; and to enable the owners to recover damages;–
and for the preservation of the public peace in certain
disturbed districts, giving additional powers to justices
of the peace for that purpose, until March 25th, 1813".
Charles Abbot, Esq., chosen the 5th time, Nov. 30 . . 1812
The Taxes for 1812 amounted to 64,752,125l. ; of which
the property tax amounted to one-fifth 5–loans, Ex-
chequer bills, &c. to 41,408,200l.:—Total income
106,160,325l. 1–being upwards of seven millions and
a half more than the whole amount of the national
debt, when George the Third commenced his reign,
about 50 years before
On Feb. 18, 1813, Lord Castlereagh moved an address
to the Prince Regent, expressive of the entire con-
currence of the House of Commons in the policy and
justice of the war with the United States of America f:—
it was carried without a division—On the 22d, after
much discussion and opposition, a Bill passed the
Commons, for the appointment of a Vice-Chancellor,
to assist the Lord Chancellor:—it soon passed into
* The manufacturing districts were at this time in a state of insurrection on account
of the high price of provisions, the weight of taxation, the introduction of machinery
to supersede manual labour, and the stagnation of trade arising from non-intercourse
with the continent. The wretched inhabitants, driven to desperation by the keen
gnawings of hunger and the inclemency of winter, wreaked their vengeance on the
stocking and other machines which had been the principal cause of lowering the
price of their labour. The better to effect this, they disguised their persons and
associated in armed bands, going about and breaking the frames and engines in
the several manufactories. They obtained the appellation of Luddites, from one
of the most active of their party being nicknamed Ned Lud, though his real name
was Walker. Many of them being apprehended, Special Commissions were ap-
pointed by the Crown, for their trial; and several were hanged, whilst others were
sentenced to transportation and imprisonment. These riotous proceedings com-
menced at Nottingham, in January, and soon extended to Huddersfield, York,
Leeds, Sheffield, and indeed to all the northern manufacturing towns.
+ War had been declared by Great Britain on the 13th of October, 1812,


HOUSE OF COMMONS. 689
When chosen.
a law”.-On March 1st, the Princess of Wales ad-
dressed a letter to the Speaker of the Commons, re-
questing Parliament fully to investigate her conduct
during her residence in this country; “in order that
she might be proved guilty, or treated as innocent.”—Mr.
Cochrane Johnstone and Mr. Whitbread made several
motions relative to the Princess; but the House did not
support these propositions; considering that no public
good could result therefrom, and that they deemed her
to be fully acquitted by the minutes of the Privy Council
in 1806, of the only charge which could render hers a
a case for parliamentary interference.—On April 5th,
Sir Samuel Romilly moved the commitment of a Bill
to take away the corruption of blood in consequence
of attainder of treason or felony; and another for
altering the punishment in cases of conviction for high
treason:—both Bills, however, were lost—On the 30th,
Mr. Grattan brought in a Bill for the removal of Ca-
tholic disabilities:–on May 24th, the Commons having
resolved themselves into a Committee upon it, the
Speaker protested against the admission of Catholics
into Parliament, the Privy Council, or on the Judicial
Bench ; and concluded with moving that the clause
“ to sit and vote in either House of Parliament,”
should be left out of the Bill: after a long debate a
division took place, when 247 voted for the clause, and
251 against it: Mr. Ponsonby then said, that, as the
Bill without this clause was unworthy the acceptance
of the Catholics, he would move “that the Chairman
do leave the chair;” and thus was the Bill abandoned.—
On May 5th, a Bill was brought in “to remove certain
penalties imposed upon persons denying the doctrine of
the Trinity;” which afterwards passed into a law.—
On Nov. 11th, Lord Castlereagh's Bill “for augmenting
the disposable military force of the country, by volum-
teering from the militia,” was read:—it soon passed
* Sir Thomas Plomer, late Attorney-General, was appointed the first Vice-
Chancellor.
4 T
690 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen
both Houses".-Acts were passed,—to amend an Act
of William III. relating to the splitting of freeholds for
qualifying to vote at elections;–to render more effectual
the laws for the trial of controverted elections;–for the
more speedy and effectual trial and punishment of
offences committed by soldiers in places beyond sea,
and out of his Majesty's dominions;—for the better
regulation of ecclesiastical courts, and for the more easy
recovery of church-rates and tithes;–for the further
support and maintenance of stipendiary curates;–to
grant additional annuities to the judges, on their re-
signation of office;—and, for continuing for a further
term, the possession of the British territories in the
East Indies, to the East India Company.—The Taxes
for 1813 amounted to 68,302,860l. ;-the property tax
alone being 14,889,4411. :—loans and Exchequer bills,
52,916,675l. :-received from Ireland, 7,154,7511.-
Total income, 128,374,286l.
On May 1, 1814, the Marquess of Wellington having been
created a Duke, an annuity of 13,000l. a year was
settled on him by Parliamentt.—On the 2d, an address
to the Prince Regent, moved by Mr. Wilberforce, was
carried unanimously in the Commons,—praying his in-
terference with the Congress of Sovereigns at Vienna,
for the total abolition of the Slave Trade, by those
countries still carrying it on 4.—On June 28th, the two
Houses voted congratulatory addresses to the Prince
Regent, on the treaty of peace signed with France.—
On July 4th, Lord Castlereagh proposed in a Committee
of the Commons to increase the allowance of Caroline,
* From a statistical account published in Jan., 1814, it appeared that the number
of men in Great Britain, capable of bearing arms, viz. from the age of 15 to 60,
amounted to 2,744,847; or about 4 in every 17 males.
+ On June 28th, his grace received the thanks of the Lords for his services in
the Peninsular War. On Nov. 8th, 1817, the mansion and estate of Strathfieldsay,
in Hampshire, were purchased for him, for 263,000l.
# The Sovereigns of France and the Netherlands abolished this trade voluntarily;
but the Spanish Court could not be prevailed on to accede to such a measure until
Nov. 21, 1817; when a treaty was concluded, by which Great Britain was to pay
400,000l. to Spain for relinquishing her right of supplying her colonies with slaves
from Africal
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 691
When chosen.
Princess of Wales, to 50,000l. a year: but in a letter to
the Speaker, that ill-treated lady declined accepting
any further allowance than the 35,000l. which she
already possessed—On the 5th, Lord Cochrane and
Mr. Cochrane Johnstone were expelled the House of
Commons, in consequence of their conviction in the
Court of King's Bench, of a conspiracy to defraud the
members of the Stock Exchange, by the circulation of
false news in order to raise the price of the public funds
to their own advantage".-On the 7th, the two Houses
of Parliament accompanied the Prince Regent in grand
procession to St. Paul's Cathedral, “to return a solemn
thanksgiving to the Almighty, for the restoration of
the blessings of peacef.”—Acts were passed,—for de-
claring what persons shall be disabled from sitting and
voting in the House of Commons;–for discontinuing
proceedings in certain actions already commenced; and
to prevent veratious suits, against the clergy, for non-
residence, &c. &c. under an Act of 43d Geo. III.:—to
* The fraud in which these Members were implicated was committed by a man
named Random de Berenger; who contrived that, on Feb. 22, an express should be
sent from Dover, with information that a French officer had arrived, announcing the
death of the Emperor Napoleon, by assassination, and the accession of Louis XVIII.
to the throne of France: the funds rose nearly 10 per cent in consequence of this
news; and the fraudulent speculators of course hoped to realize considerable sums;
but they were disappointed, as all bargains on that account were afterwards
nullified.—Lord Cochrane was sentenced to pay a fine of 500l.; to be imprisoned
for twelve months; and at the end of that time to stand in the pillory !—the others
were similarly sentenced; but the pillory part of the punishment was remitted on
account of the very great popularity of Lord Cochrane. On the 11th of August
his Lordship's arms, banner, &c. were kicked out of Henry the Seventh's Chapel,
in Westminster Abbey, and his name erased from the list of the Knights of the
Bath. This severe treatment was the first instance of the kind, since the establish-
ment of the Order.—Respecting the question of Lord Cochrane's imputed guilt,
there is now little doubt but that he was the victim or the dupe of designing persons;
and the best proof that such was the case, is the fact that in eleven days after his
expulsion, he was re-elected member of Parliament for the populous city of
Westminster; although at that time suffering incarceration :-his temporary escape
from the King's Bench on a momentous occasion, and the penny subscription for the
payment of his fine, are fresh in the recollection of every one. That subscription
further proved that the public, at least, did not think his Lordship capable of the
base act laid to his charge; but that he was the victim of political or interested
knavery.
# The definitive treaty of peace with France was signed at Paris on May 30th;
and on Dec. 24th, another treaty was concluded, at Ghent, in Flanders, between
Great Britain and the United States of America.
692 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen
prevent the granting of any patent office in the Colonies,
for any longer time than the grantee shall discharge the
duties thereof, in person, and behave well therein;–
for the more effectual prevention of child stealing;-to
repeal the Acts which rendered it penal to bury dead
bodies in woollen cloths;–to permit the exportation of
tea to the British colonies in America; as well as to
Guernsey, Jersey, Europe, and Africa, without pay-
ment of duties;–to take away corruption of blood; and
to alter the punishment of high treason in certain cases;
—for the more easy apprehension and trial of offenders
escaping from one part of the kingdom to another; and
“for providing for the peace of such parts of Ireland as
may be disturbed by seditious persons entering into un-
lawful combinations or conspiracies.”—The Taxes for
1814 amounted to 70,240,3131. ; of which the Property
Tax yielded 15,109,8031 :-Loans and Exchequer bills,
46,502,948l. : — received from Ireland, 6,304,255l. —
Total income, 123,047,516!.
On Feb. 17th, 1815, the Right Hon. Frederick Robinson
(now Lord Goderich) moved for a committee of the
Commons, on the subject of the corn laws; when nine
resolutions were agreed to, fixing an average price of
grain, at which free importation was to be permitted,
and below which it was to be prohibited: a Bill was
brought in, founded on these resolutions, which en-
countered, both in and out of the House, the most
violent opposition" :-it passed the Commons on March

* On Monday, March 6th, the populace of the metropolis assembled before the doors
of the House of Commons, crying out “No Corn Bill,” and manifested their dis-
pleasure towards the members who were favourable to it. The military, who were called
out, succeeded in dislodging the people from Palace-yard; but they proceeded to
Lord Eldon's house, Bedford-square, where they tore up the iron railing, forced an
entrance, and destroyed a great part of the furniture. Mr. Robinson, who had intro-
duced the Bill, was the next object of their fury: his house in Burlington-street was
greatly damaged, his furniture thrown into the street, and many valuable pictures
destroyed. Similar outrages were committed on the houses and property of Lords
Hardwicke and Darnley, and on those of Mr. Wellesley Pole, &c. These riots con-
tinued during the three following days, when the houses of many obnoxious persons,
among whom was Lord Castlereagh, were injured. No sooner were the people
dispersed in one street, than they assembled in another. Mr. Robinson had another
visit paid him; but a party of the military were stationed in the house, from whence

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 693
When chosen.
10th; and the Lords on the 20th, by a majority of 128
to 21–On the 20th, the Chancellor of the Exchequer
obtained the consent of the Commons to the continuance
of the Property Tax; and after much opposition, he con-
sented to abandon it after the present year. It was passed
in the House of Lords on the 11th.-Acts were passed,—
to continue the restriction on the payment of cash by the
Bank of England;—to extend the Trial by Jury to
civil causes in Scotland;—for more effectually preventing
the use of false and deficient measures;—for the abolition
of gaol fees in England;—for the amendment and pre-
servation of highways; and the building and repair of
bridges;–for taking an account of the population of
Ireland;—to enable the clergy to exchange their par-
sonage or glebe houses and lands for others of more value,
or more conveniently situated;—and, for regulating the
practice of Apothecaries in England and Wales.—The
Taxes for 1815 amounted to 71,153,142/. ; of which
the Property Tax yielded 15,227,500l. :-the loans and
Exchequer bills were 50,556,8591. –Irish revenue,
10,089,770l.—Total income, 131,799,7711.
On March 14th, 1816, a message from the Prince Regent
was presented to the Lords, relative to the proposed
marriage of the Princess Charlotte, his daughter, with
the Prince Leopold of Saxe Cobourg; and on the 26th, a
Bill was brought into Parliament for his naturalization*.
—On the 19th, an attempt to continue the Property
Tax was defeated in the Commons by a majority of
37t.—Acts were passed,—for more effectually detaining
a man, who happened to be a mere passer by, was shot dead. On the 9th, the
metropolis being completely surrounded by troops, the mischief was suppressed,
and the rioters prevented from collecting. On this occasion, Lord Sidmouth, then
Secretary of State for the Home Department, issued circulars, calling on the in-
habitants of London, &c. to establish parochial meetings, and to appoint special
constables, for the repression of the tumultuous disposition of the people.
* The Prince and Princess were married at Carlton House on May 2d, and
addresses of congratulation to the Prince Regent, and to the young Prince and
Princess, were presented by the two Houses of Parliament, the City of London,
and many other bodies. On the 31st, Prince Leopold was promoted to the rank of
General and Field Marshal.


# This defeat was the cause of great rejoicings throughout the kingdom:—the tax
ceased on April 5th.
694 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the Emperor Napoleon in custody; and for regulating
the intercourse with the Island of St. Helena, during
the time of his imprisonment there;—to repeal two Acts
passed in the reigns of Edward IV. and Richard III.,
which prohibited the importation of wrought goods;–for
continuing the restrictions on cash payments by the Bank
of England;—“to authorize the transfer of stock to the
commissioners for the reduction of the National Debt,
upon which the dividends or interest shall remain un-
claimed for ten years; ”!!!—for establishing regulations in
regard to aliens;–to unite and consolidate in one fund all
the public revenues of Great Britain and Ireland, and
to provide for the application thereof for the general
service;—“ for the more effectually securing the liberty
of the subject”;”—to alter the duties on licences for the
retailing of beer, ale, &c.; —for the more effectual
punishment of persons riotously destroying or damaging
buildings, engines, and machinery;-to abolish the pu-
nishment of the pillory;-and to regulate the binding
of parish apprentices.—The Taxes for 1816 amounted to
62,635,711!.;—Loansand Exchequer Bills, 12,148,2031.;
Irish revenue, 3,742,568l.—Total income, 80,526,482/.
On the 28th of Jan. 1817, the Prince Regent, going in
state to the House of Peers, to open the session of Par-
liament, was assailed by potatoes and other missiles.
One of the rioters was secured : both Houses, as well
as the city of London, &c. &c. addressed his Royal
Highness, expressing their abhorrence of the outrage;
and a proclamation was issued, offering a reward of 1000l.
for discovery of the individual who had committed it f.
On Feb. 3d, a message from the Prince was delivered to
the Commons, with certain papers in a green bag, con-
* It is rather singular that our legislators, being in a humour to enact a law of
this nature, should, in a few short months afterwards, take it into their heads to pass
a Bill for the suspension of the Habeas Corpus Act!
# It was afterwards asserted, and generally believed, that the person who struck
the Piince on the nose with the boiled potatoe, was one of the spies who were so
diligently labouring in their vocation, at this period, among the people. The figure
which these hired gentry cut in the law courts, some time afterwards, sufficiently
warranted this opinion.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 695
When chosen.
taining “information respecting combinations and meet-
ings among the people, which tended to endanger the
public tranquillity;” and recommending the House to
take the same into consideration. A similar communi-
cation having been made to the Lords, Committees of
Secresy were appointed by both Houses to investigate
the same. On the 19th, the committees reported that
“it appeared that a traitorous conspiracy had been
formed in the metropolis, for overturning the established
government, by insurrection" " accordingly, a Bill was
brought into the Commons for the suspension of the
Habeas Corpus Act, which on the 28th was passed;
and on March 4th, the same received the Royal Assent
in the House of Lords.-On March 25th, another Bill
passed the Commons, by a large majority, “to prevent
seditious meetingst.”—On May 20th, Sir Francis Bur-
dett moved a resolution in the Commons, for a reform in
the representation of the people in Parliament; but the
same was rejected by the large majority of 265 votes
* The total failure of the Attorney General in the Court of King's Bench, three
months afterwards, to prove one iota of this tremendous conspiracy, was rather a
curious commentary on the sagacity of the Honourable and Right Honourable Se-
cret Committees. The Despard plot had something of a military caste about it,
and went down with the public very well: but what jury could swallow a tale about
a poor apothecary attacking the Tower of London, his only arms a brass mor-
tar and an old pistol (quere pestle 2) — his ammunition, six or eight ounces of
powder in a hunting-horn, and a few bullets in the bottom of an old stocking 3–
and his only compatriots and followers a lame cobbler, and one or two miserable
artisans, whom the barking of a dog would have terrified ?–But, as we shall by and
by see, the next plot had more of matter in it; and, like Catiline's conspiracy, was
far better concocted.
+ A meeting had taken place on March 10, at Manchester, for the purpose of
petitioning the Prince Regent for a redress of grievances, and a reform of the Com-
mons' House of Parliament; and, it being recommended to the poor creatures who
composed it, to proceed in a large body to London, the same was foolishly attempted
to be carried into effect by some hundreds, who provided themselves with blankets
and bundles for the journey:—by the vigilance of the magistracy, however, aided
by the military, their purpose was defeated, and several of their leaders were com-
mitted to prison. Many others were arrested at the same time in the manufacturing
districts, under the Bill of Suspension just passed; several of whom were discharged
from prison about twelve months afterwards, without any charge being brought
against them In Derby, however, the discontented were not quite so lucky :
thirty-five persons were arraigned for high treason before a special commission; four
of whom being convicted and sentenced to be hanged and beheaded, the others with-
drew their plea of “Not Guilty,” and gladly accepted the royal mercy which was
held out to them. -




696 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
against 77. On the 30th, the Rt. Hon. Charles Abbot
resigned the Speaker's chair, on account of ill health;
and being created Baron Colchester, took his seat in the
Upper House.
The Rt. Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, June 2 - . 1817
Acts were passed, “for securing and detaining such per-
sons as his Majesty shall suspect to be conspiring against
his person and government;”—to make perpetual certain
parts of an Act of 36 Geo. III. for the safety and pre-
servation of his Majesty's person and government against
treasonable and seditious practices; and for the safety
and preservation of the Prince Regent;-to revive and
make perpetual Act 37 Geo. III. for the prevention
and punishment of attempts to seduce his Majesty's
sea or land forces;– to abolish the punishment of
whipping female offenders;–to regulate the costs of
distresses levied for payment of small rents;–to conso-
lidate and amend the laws relating to spiritual persons
holding farms; and for enforcing their residence on their
benefices;–and to encourage the establishment of banks
for savings, in England.—The taxes for 1817 amounted
to 52,372,4031, ; – excess of Exchequer Bills, &c.
17,325,0611.--Total income, 69,697,464!.
On Jan. 1818, a Bill for the repeal of the Habeas Corpus
suspension Act, having passed both Houses, received
the Royal Assent. On April 13th, in consequence of a
message to both Houses by the Prince Regent, an-
nouncing the approaching marriages of the Duke of
Clarence (his present Majesty) with the Princess of
Saxe Meinengen; of the Duke of Cambridge with the
Princess of Hesse; of the Duke of Kent with the
Princess of Saxe Cobourg, &c. &c., ministers pro-
posed a grant of 12,000l. a year to each, in addition
to the incomes they then possessed: these grants, how-
ever, were reduced to 6000l. a year, each; and similar
provision was made for the Duke and Duchess of Cum-
berland.—On June 3d, Sir Francis Burdett, having
presented ninety petitions to the Commons, praying for
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 697
- When chosen.
a Reform in Parliament, moved certain resolutions on
the expediency of returning to Annual Parliaments, and
Universal Suffrage: on a division, there appeared in
favour of the motion only truo votes; viz. his own, and
that of Lord Cochrane, his seconder;-against it, 126
—Acts were passed,—“for indemnifying persons, who,
since the 26th of Jan. 1817, had acted in apprehending,
imprisoning, &c, persons suspected of high treason; and
in the suppression of unlawful assemblies;”—to prevent
the further circulation of dollars or tokens by the Bank
of England;—for more effectually discovering the longi-
tude at sea; — for encouraging attempts to find a
northern passage between the Atlantic and Pacific
Oceans, and to approach the North Pole;—for build-
ing additional churches in populous parishes;–for
the regulation of parish vestries; —for repealing such
Acts as allowed pecuniary or other rewards on the
conviction of persons for highway robbery and other
crimes; and for facilitating the means of prosecuting
persons accused of felony, &c.;-to amend the laws
against the destruction and sale of game;—and for ap-
pointing commissioners to inquire into the charities in
England for the education of the poor.—The taxes for
1818 amounted to 53,959,218l. —Loans and Exchequer
Bills, funded, 28,510,400l. :—received from Ireland,
4,820,406l.-Total income, 87,290,024l.
The Rt. Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, re-chosen Jan. 21 1819
On Jan. 25th, a Bill was presented to the Lords for vesting
the custody of the King's person in the Duke of York;
with a proposed allowance of 10,000l. a year", which
was strenuously opposed as far as regarded the amount
of salary; but it ultimately passed into a law.—On
March 2d., Sir James Mackintosh, in the Commons,
moved for the appointment of a Select Committee to
consider so much of the criminal lan' as ordained capital
punishment, and to report their opinion to the House.
This motion, though opposed by the Ministry, was car-
* His Majesty's late Custos, the Queen, had died on the 17th of Nov. 1818.
4 U
698 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
ried by a majority of 148 over 128*.—On the 22d, the
Attorney-General brought a Bill into the Commons to
abolish the proceeding of appeal, in all cases of murder,
felony, mayhem, &c., as well as wager and trial by
battlet: it passed both Houses without opposition, and
soon received the Royal Assent—On May 3, many pe-
titions having been presented to Parliament in favour of
the claims of the Catholics, Mr. Grattan moved in the
Commons for a Committee of the whole House to con-
sider the state of the laws affecting so large a body of
his Majesty's subjects; on a division, there appeared
241 for the motion, and 243 against it:—a similar
motion, submitted to the Peers, by the Earl of Do-
noughmore, was negatived by a majority of 41–On
Nov. 23, an address being moved to the Prince Regent,
in the Commons, on his opening speech, respecting the
disturbed state of the country, Mr. Tierney moved an
amendment, urging the necessity of inquiring into the
late murderous proceedings at Manchester:-this was
the cause of a long and animated debate, which lasted
two days: on the division, 150 were for the amend-
ment, and 381 against it.—A motion for a similar in-
quiry in the Lords was negatived by 178 against 47 f.
* On the 25th of Jan. the sheriffs of London had presented a petition of the
Common Council, &c. to both Houses, praying for a revision of the criminal law.
The abolition of these barbarous customs arose from the well-remembered case
of Abraham Thornton, who having been acquitted at the Warwick Assizes of the
rape and murder of Mary Ashford, the evidence, though strong, being merely cir-
cumstantial,—was again taken into custody by a writ of appeal of the next of kin;
which subjected him to another trial:—the supposed murderer offered wager by
battle, according to ancient custom. This matter was solemnly argued in the Court
of King's Bench; and the judges decided that the right of defence by this mode,
was coeval with the right of prosecution by appeal. The challenge, however, being
declined on account of the extreme youth of young Ashford, the brother of the
murdered girl, Thornton was discharged.
# It may be necessary to state, that at this time, misery and discontent pervaded
the whole kingdom; and that meetings of large bodies, consisting of from ten to
fifty thousand persons each, were held at Stockport, Birmingham, Glasgow, Man-
chester, and other great towns; where resolutions were passed respecting the ne-
cessity for Parliamentary Reform, including the questions of Universal Suffrage,
Vote by Ballot, and Annual Parliaments. The people had assumed to themselves
the names of “Radical Reformers;” but they were allowed, even by their enemies,
to have conducted then selves with great propriety of behaviour: at Birmingham,
indeed, Sir Charles Wolsley, Bart, was chosen, by 50,000 of the inhabitants, to be

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 699
-
When chosen.
On Nov. 13th, Sir Manasseh Lopez, Bart., who had in
the preceding March been found guilty of bribing the
their “Legislatorial Attorney and Representative;”—for which alleged seditious
act, several persons were arrested and held to bail; among whom was Sir Charles,
himself”. –In the mean time, Lord Sidmouth, then Secretary of State for Home
Affairs, had addressed circular letters to the Lords Lieutenants of the several
counties in which Reform meetings were held, requiring them to take the most
prompt and effectual means for the preservation of the public peace, and to give
directions to the several corps of yeomanry cavalry under their command, to hold
themselves in readiness to act in case of necessity. In Lancashire, these orders
were fulfilled but too literally:-on Aug. 16th, a meeting of the Reformers of
Manchester and its neighbourhood, consisting of about 60,000 men and women,
having taken place on a vacant piece of ground to the north side of St. Peter's church,
the Manchester and Cheshire yeomanry cavalry, headed by a police officer, rushed
through the crowd sword in hand; and as soon as Messrs. Hunt, Johnson, &c.,
who had been addressing the assemblage, were taken into custody and sent to gaol,
they commenced an indiscriminate massacre of the people;—sparing neither age nor
sex 1–Upwards of five hundred persons were killed and wounded; eighty of whom
died immediately on the field, or in a few days afterwards. This atrocious massacre
of unarmed and innocent persons,—to which we can find no parallel, in all its
bearings, even in the terrific scenes of the French Revolution,-caused universal
indignation throughout the kindgom; and the public were not a little astonished
to find, that on the 21st (five days after the dreadful event), Lord Sidmouth had
formally communicated to the magistrates of Manchester, “the thanks of the Prince
Regent, for the prompt, decisive, and effective measures taken by them for the pre-
servation of the public tranquillity on the 16th instant.” (!!!)—In accordance with
this most questionable conduct of the government, was the subsequent denial of
justice to the sufferers; and the punishment of those patriotic persons who dared to
say that the men who had thus wantonly shed the blood of their fellow creatures,
as well as their approvers, deserved to be brought to punishment.—Bills being pre-
ferred against several of the murderers, at the ensuing Lancaster Assizes, the grand
jury threw them out; but the same jury found true bills against Mr. Hunt and others
who had presided at the meeting, on a charge of conspiracy to overturn the govern-
ment:—the charge of high treason against them having previously been abandonedf.
One of the most atrocious, but memorable, instances of public injustice, which at
this time disgraced the kingdom, occurred in the case of a fellow named Meagher, the
trumpeter of this precious troop of yeomanry:—he was apprehended for shooting from
his garret window, and wounding, two men named Jones and Robinson: and his ex-
cuse was, that his windows had been broken, in the melée 1–this man was held to bail,
though for a capital offence, and finally escaped punishment.—On the other hand,
that venerable and most exemplary nobleman, the Earl Fitzwilliam, was dismissed
from the lord-lieutenancy of the West Riding of Yorkshire, in consequence of having
signed a requisition for a public meeting held at York, relative to the bloody pro.
ceedings at Manchester; and the Attorney-General filed an ex-officio information
against Sir Francis Burdett, for having written a letter to his constituents of West-


* On May 15, 1820, Sir Charles was sentenced, by the judges of the Court of
King’s Bench, to eighteen months' imprisonment in Abingdon gaol, and afterwards
to give security for his good behaviour. Messrs. Harrison and Wooler, and Major
Cartwright, were severally imprisoned for the same offence.
+ On May 15th, 1820, Mr. Hunt was sentenced to an imprisonment of two years
and six months in Ilchester gaol, and afterwards to give security for his good beha-
viour for five years; his companions were imprisoned for one year each, in Lincoln
gaol, with similar securities.
700 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
electors of Grampound, was sentenced to two years' im-
prisonment in Exeter gaol, and to pay a fine of 10,000l.”
—On Dec. 15th, in consequence of a letter written by
John Cam Hobhouse, Esq., (now Sir John), containing
some severe remarks on the conduct of certain Members
of the House of Commons, which were declared a breach
of privilege, that gentleman was arrested and conveyed
to Newgate.—Acts were passed,—to regulate the qua-
lifications of Members to serve in Parliament ; –to con-
tinue the restriction on cash-payments by the Bank of
England, till May 1, 1823;-to prevent the enlistment
of his Majesty's subjects for foreign service, without
license;— for the protection and encouragement of
benefit societies;–and for establishing a register of
colonial slaves, &c.—The taxes for 1819 amounted to
53,291,508l.:—loans, &c. to 23,255,8591,t-Total in-
come, 76,547,367l.
GEORGIO QUARTO REGNANTE.
On Feb. 17th, the two Houses unanimously voted an ad-
dress of condolence to his Majesty on the death of his
minster, on the same subject. Sir Francis was tried and found guilty at the next
Leicester assizes; and on Feb. 8th, 1821, he was sentenced in the Court of King's
Bench to three months' imprisonment and a fine of 2000l.f-Many public meetings
were held throughout the kingdom, to petition the Prince Regent to dismiss his
ministers, and to institute an inquiry into the conduct of Lord Sidmouth and the
Manchester magistrates;–but, the ministry were all-powerful from the parliamentary
majorities above stated, as well as from the Acts that were passed, at this time, to gag
the public press:–so, an indemnity bill being passed, and other occurrences of
moment intervening, the horrible affair, notwithstanding several motions for inquiry,
has lain dormant ever since.
* The manner in which this sentence was mitigated, whilst the utmost penalty
was rigorously exacted from the Reformers who were lying in prison, is another
indelible blot on the administration of this period.
+ It is a curious fact, that the newspapers in the interest of government did
most unblushingly announce the borrowing of twelve millions, on the 9th of June,
in the following words:—“The Chancellor of the Exchequer concluded his con-
tract for a loan of 12,000,000l. with Messrs. Rothschild and Co., on terms highly
favourable to the public "-favourable, indeed, to the public, to add another
burthen to the load that already pressed them to the earth!—and that, too, in a year
of profound peace

# To the great honour of the patriotic electors of Westminster, it may be stated,
that they immediately opened a subscription to pay the fine imposed on their perse-
cuted representative.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 701
When chosen.
father, the late King; as well as on that of his brother,
the late Duke of Kent.—On March 1st, Parliament
was dissolved by proclamation *.
The Rt. Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, chosen a third time,
April 27th - - - - - - - . 1820
On May 15th, Sir Francis Burdett moved in the Com-
mons, for an inquiry into the transactions at Manchester
on the 16th of August, previously; but the motion was
negatived by 235 votes against 111.
On June 6th, her Majesty, Queen Caroline, having arrived
in London, Lord Liverpool delivered a message to the
Lords from the King, stating that he would communicate
to them certain papers concerning the conduct of the
Queen, to which he wished to call their most serious
attention:—a similar message was sent to the Commons.
On the 7th, Mr. Brougham delivered a message from
the Queen to the Commons, stating her reasons for
returning to England; her readiness to meet her
accusers; and courting the fullest inquiry into her
conduct.—On the same day, Lord Liverpool, in the
Lords, moved an Address to the King on his message;
also the appointment of a Secret Committee to examine
the papers relative to the Queen; both of which were
agreed to: a similar motion was made in the Commons
by Lord Castlereagh; but the appointment of a Com-
* A plot, before alluded to, entitled “the Cato-street Conspiracy,” was got up
in the metropolis, just before the rising of Parliament: it was hatched by certain
hired government spies; who, working upon the feelings of men rendered desperate
by poverty, and no doubt excited by patriotism, had induced them to enter into a
league to assassinate the ministers of the Crown; who were, it was given out, to
assemble on Feb. 23d at Earl Harrowby's house, to a cabinet dinner—The place
of meeting of the conspirators (a loft, or large room above a stable, in Cato-street,
Edgeware-road) being known to the Home Secretary, Mr. Birnie, the chief magistrate
of Bow-street, with twelve of the patrole and a detachment of the life-guards, sur-
rounded the building.—A conflict ensuing with those inside (amounting to about
twenty or thirty armed individuals), one of the police was killed: nine of the con-
spirators were taken, but the rest escaped for the night. Thistlewood, the leader,
and others were taken in a few days;–their place of concealment being known to
the spies who had concocted the conspiracy. They were examined before the Privy
Council and committed to the Tower and other prisons. On April 19th, they
were tried at the Old Bailey, and five of them being found guilty of treason and
murder, were sentenced to death:—these were hanged and beheaded on May 1st:-
the rest were transported for life.



702 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
mittee was postponed, in the hope of bringing about
an arrangement which might prevent the necessity of
further proceedings". On July 4th, the Secret Com-
mittee of the Lords reported that they had examined
the green bag, and that the documents therein contained,
deeply affected the honour of the Queen; charging her
with adultery, and other acts unbecoming her high
station and of the most licentious character: the report
concluded by recommending a solemn inquiry by a
legislative proceeding. On the 5th, the Queen pre-
sented a petition to the Lords, praying to be heard by
Counsel, which was negatived. Lord Liverpool then
presented a Bill of Pains and Penalties against her
Majesty; charging her with an adulterous connexion
with one Bartolomeo Bergami, whom she had originally
engaged as a Courier, but had afterwards enriched, and
elevated to an order of knighthood instituted by herself.
—It further charged her with procuring for him other
titles of honour, and with conducting herself towards
him with indecent and offensive familiarity and freedom;
and therefore prayed that it might be enacted that she
should be deprived of the rank and title of Queen, and
that the marriage between her and his Majesty might be
dissolved 1–The Lords having adjourned till the 17th
of August, met on that day to resume their deliberations
on this very modest Bill. Her Majesty, who was pre-
sent tº, was saluted by the acclamations of an immense
concourse of people, both in going to, and in returning
from, the House. On the 19th, the Attorney-General
* This being officially made known to the Queen, her Majesty informed Lord
Liverpool that she was ready to receive and take into consideration any proposition,
consistently with her honour, which he was disposed to make on the part of the
government; upon which, after several communications, it was proposed that her
Majesty should receive 50,000l. a year, on condition of relinquishing the title, as
well as all the rights and privileges, of a Queen!—On the 24th, a deputation from
the Commons waited on her Majesty with a resolution of their House, respecting
the unhappy differences, and recommending a conciliatory adjustment:—but the
Queen declined to comply with any proposition which would implicate her honour.
+ The Queen had previously sent a message to the Lords, stating her intention
to be present every day during the investigation of her conduct, and requiring a seat
to be provided for her.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 703
When chosen.
opened the charges against her Majesty in a long and
elaborate speech; after concluding which, on the 21st,
he called several Italian and other foreign servants to
prove the facts which he had stated:—the examination
of these witnesses, who appeared to be well tutored in
their several parts, occupied several days; when, by
agreement with the Queen's Counsel, Mr. Brougham,
the case was adjourned to the 3d of October”. On that
day, Mr. Brougham delivered an eloquent and power-
ful address on behalf of her Majesty;-commenting
severely on the evidence. He was ably followed by
Messrs. Williams and Denman, and by Dr. Lushington.
The Attorney and Solicitor-General having replied,
the House adjourned till Nov. 3d, when very long and
animated debates took place. On the 6th, a division
took place, when there appeared for the second reading,
123; against it, 95; and the Bill was read accordingly
a second time.-On the third reading (Nov. 10th),
several of the bishops and temporal lords expressed their
determination to vote against the divorce clause; but the
House dividing on that clause, it was carried:—the con-
sequence was, that those who had voted for the second
reading, declined to support the whole Bill. There was
now a decrease in the majority, viz. 108 against 99:—
upon which Lord Liverpool said, “ that in the present
feeling of the country, and with a division of sentiment
so nearly balanced, he and his colleagues felt it to be
their duty not to proceed further with the Bill: he
would therefore move, that the question that the Bill
do pass,’ be put on that day six months!”—This intima-
tion of the abandonment of the Bill was received with ac-
clamation by the House, which immediately adjourned f.
* In the mean time, loyal addresses were pouring in to the Queen from all
quarters;–from almost every city and town; and from every class and profession,
who went in grand procession with banners, &c. to Brandenburgh House, Hammer-
smith; to which residence she had now removed. Several bodies, among others the
City of London, petitioned the Lords to throw out the impending Bill.
+ On this and the following evenings a general illumination took place in the metro-
polis, on account of the abandonment of the Bill against the Queen, who was gene-
rally beloved throughout the nation :-the same occurred in every city and town in the

704 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Acts were passed in 1820, to increase the power of ma-
gistrates in the appointment of special constables;–
to amend the laws relating to smuggling, and the
coasting trade of Great Britain;–for giving further
facilities to the proceedings in the Court of King's
Bench, and certain powers to the judges of assize;—for
the summary punishment of persons wilfully or mali-
ciously damaging public or private property;—for the
further encouragement of savings banks;–for taking an
account of the population;–for the further prevention
of the forgery of bank notes;—to repeal so much of
certain Acts of Elizabeth, and Geo. I. and II., as inflicted
capital punishment on certain offences;–also, so much
of an Act of William III. as took away the benefit of
clergy from persons privately stealing in a shop, goods
to the value of five shillings; and for the more effectual
prevention of the crime of shop-lifting.—The taxation for
1820 amounted to 55,063,693l. ;-loans, Exchequer bills
funded, &c., 28,127,480l.—Total income, 83,191,1731.
On Jan. 24, 1821, many petitions were presented to both
Houses, and to his Majesty, on the subject of the late
proceedings against the Queen; almost all of which
reflected strongly on the conduct of the ministers. On
the 31st, Lord Castlereagh moved in the Commons that
an allowance of 50,000l. per annum should be made to
her Majesty:-an amendment was moved that 30,000l.
kingdom, as soon as the news arrived. During these proceedings, no further mischief
occurred than the demolition of the windows of those ministers and other persons
whose hostility to their Queen was undisguised ; also, of that portion of the news-
paper-press who were well known to have been hired to calumniate her in the foulest
and grossest manner.—On Nov.29th, her Majesty went in grand procession (escorted
by 150 gentlemen on horseback, and attended by an immense multitude) to St. Paul’s
cathedral, to return thanks for the result of the late proceedings against her. During
this and the following months, numerous addresses were presented to her by bodies of
artisans, seamen, &c., who went in procession to Brandenburgh-house, carrying the
emblems of their trades and professions. The Common Council of London, and
other public bodies, presented addresses to the King, praying him to dismiss his
ministers, &c. &c.; but the lords mayors and aldermen of London and Dublin, the
universities, and twenty-four counties in Scotland, presented addresses of a different
description The excitement throughout the kingdom was indeed intense; and if
the Bill had been persevered in, there is no doubt that a civil war would have
ensued; for, several whole regiments of the line were known to take the side of the
people in supporting their oppressed Queen,




HOUSE OF COMMONS. 705
When chosen.
be substituted; but the original motion was carried
without a division; upon which, Mr. Brougham deli-
vered a message from the Queen, stating that she would
accept of no provision until her name was inserted in
the liturgy of the church; as was the right of all queens
of England".-On Feb. 5th, the Marquess of Tavistock
moved a vote of censure by the Commons, on his Ma-
jesty's ministers, for their late conduct towards their
Queen:-a debate of two days followed; at the conclu-
sion of which the votes for censure amounted to 178;
against it, 324.—On March 6th, numerous petitions
from all the agricultural districts of the kingdom were
presented to the Commons, complaining of distress and
praying for relief–On the 16th, Mr. Plunkett moved
for the second reading of his Bill for the relief of his
Majesty's Catholic subjects:–after a long and ani-
mated debate, it was carried by a majority of 254 over
243. It was read a third time on April 3d, and passed
the Commons; the numbers being 216 against 197. On
the 17th it was read the second time in the Lords; but,
after a long discussion, it was thrown out by a majority
of 159 against 120–On March 17th, the commissioners
* Of all the shafts of hostility aimed at this most unfortunate, and, indeed,
innocent lady, none was more petty, more base, than the act of erasing her name
from the public prayer-book of the nation. That this act was not prompted by any
religious, moral, or even decorous feeling, is well known :-it was intended to
degrade her in the eyes of the people; but it sadly failed of the desired effect, although
almost the whole of the clerical body showed themselves but the too willing and time-
serving tools of her enemiesł. Many of her enemies, themselves, did not believe her
to be guilty; and some of them knew well, that, had she had even the passions and
the disposition of Julia, the daughter of Augustus, a physical cause intervened
(produced by disease and mental affliction) which would have debarred their grati-
fication. The Queen was strongly urged to permit her physicians to give evidence
on the trial, which would have overwhelmed her persecutors with ruin and eternal
disgrace :-but she resisted every importunity;—most magnanimously preferring to
meet the worst that could befall her, rather than contribute in the smallest degree
to the exposure of her sex.
+ That powerful writer, Mr. Cobbett, declared publicly in his Political Register.
that on the Queen's arrival in this country, he was waited upon by a dignitary of the
Church of England, who said that he was authorized to offer him (Mr. Cobbett) the
sum of one thousand pounds, if he would not espouse the cause of her Majesty:-he
was not required to write against her;-all that was expected of him was, that he
should remain neutral.
4 x
700 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
for the erection of new churches made their report to
Parliament that 85 new churches and chapels were to
be built, at the probable charge of 1,068,000l.—On
May 15th, Sir Francis Burdett, a few days after his
liberation from the King's Bench prison, moved for an
inquiry into the Manchester massacre of 1819: after a
debate of two days, the motion was negatived by 285
against 111".-Acts were passed, to amend the laws
respecting the inclosure of open fields, pastures, and
waste lands, in England;—for making provision for the
gradual resumption of cash payments by the bank of
Englandf;—for abolishing the African company;—to
exclude the borough of Grampound from sending bur-
gesses to serve in Parliament, and to enable the county
of York to send two additional knights in lieu thereof;
—to amend the several Acts for the regulation of attor-
nies and solicitors;–for the better relief and employ-
ment of the poor;-to amend several Acts for the
assessing and collecting of county rates;–for the more
effectual administration of the office of justice of the
peace in the metropolis; — and for the further pre-
vention of depredations on the river Thames and its vici-
nity.—The taxes for 1821 amounted to 55,520,0731–
Loans, &c to 17,291,789l.-Total income, 72,811,862.l.
—Amount of the national debt, funded and unfunded,
838,607,744l. 4s. 4d.—The population of the three
kingdoms, according to the census taken by Act of Par-
liament, amounted to 21,330,702:.
On March 11th, 1822, the navy five per cents transfer
Bill was passed by the Commons:—it soon afterwards
* On May 28th, Mr. John Hunt, the printer of the Examiner newspaper, was
sentenced to a year's imprisonment in the house of correction for Middlesex, for a
libel on the Commons; in which he had stated that the Honourable House “con-
tained more public criminals than public guardians.”
+ On May 8th, the Bank began to pay their One and Two pound notes in gold;—
ten millions of sovereigns having been recently coined at the royal mint for that
urpose.
p # England, 11,261,437:—Wales, 717,438:—Scotland, 2,093,456:—Ireland,
6,846,949 –British Isles, 92,122:—Army, navy, and merchant service, 319,300.
—The population of the metropolis alone was 1,274,800. The number of aliens in
England was 24,930.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 707
When chosen.
passed the Lords and received the Royal Assent".-On
April 25th, Lord John Russell moved for a Reform in
the Commons' House:—this was vehemently opposed by
Mr. Canning and others, and negatived by a majority
of 269 against 164.—On May 10th, Mr. Canning moved
the second reading of a Bill, brought in by him, for
allowing Catholic Peers to sit and vote in Parliament:
—the motion was carried by 235 against 223.−On
July 2d, a Bill to amend the Marriage Act was passed,
which gave great dissatisfaction to the maids, widows,
bachelors, and widowers, of England and Wales, on
account of the complexity of its clauses, and the pub-
licity required to be given, previously to the ceremony,
by parties contracting matrimony t.-Acts were passed,
—to facilitate summary proceedings before Justices of
the Peace, &c.;-for the more adequate punishment of
manslaughter, and of servants robbing their masters, &c.;
—for preventing frauds upon creditors, by secret war-
rants of attorney to confess judgment;-for consolidating
and amending the laws relating to idle and disorderly
persons, rogues and vagabonds;–to amend the laws
relative to the importation of corn ;-to prevent the
cruel and improper treatment of cattle;—to amend
the laws for regulating alehouses;–to amend the bank-
rupt laws;– to authorise advances of money for relief
of the distresses in Irelandf;-and to provide for the
* On Feb. 22d, the Earl of Liverpool had a conference with the bankers of
London and other holders of 5 per cent. stock; when he communicated to them his
plan for paying off the 5 per cents., viz. by creating a new stock, bearing 4 per cent.
interest:-the holders who should not signify their dissent to the plan, to have 105l.
in the fours, instead of 100l. in the fives:—those who dissented from this arrange-
ment were to be paid off in numerical order.
+ This Bill, which gave a shock to one of the most vital institutions of the
kingdom, was not called for by the wants of society; nor could any rational being
account for its introduction into either House of Parliament. Its concoction could
easily be attributed to lunacy; but, that the “Collective Wisdom of the nation”
should have decreed it to be the general law, can only be attributed to some sinister
aristocratic influence, which required a retrospective enactment.—After creating
much confusion among all ranks of society, it was repealed ;-having no doubt
answered the purpose originally intended.
# The parliamentary grants amounted to 300,000l. ;-the public subscriptions
in England, Wales, and Scotland to 350,000l. ;-local subscriptions in Ireland,
150,000l.—Total, 800,000l.


708 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
more effectual punishment of certain offences, by im-
prisonment and hard labour.—The Taxes for 1822
amounted to 55,255,620l. ;-loans, Exchequer bills, &c.
to 19,890,7411.--Total income, 75,156,361 l.
His Majesty having presented to the nation the splendid
library which had belonged to his father, a motion was
made by the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on June 20,
1823, for a grant of 40,000l. towards the erection of an
additional building to the British Museum, for its re-
ception:-this was immediately agreed to.—On July 6th,
an Act received the Royal Assent, relative to the inter-
ment of persons committing felo-de-se, by which the
ancient custom of burial in cross-roads, with a stake
driven through their bodies, was abolished".--Acts
were passed,—“to repeal certain provisions of an Act
of the third year of his present Majesty, entitled “an
Act to amend 26th Geo. II. for the better prevention
of clandestine marriages; ”—for amending the laws
respecting the solemnization of marriages in England
and Wales;–for further regulating the reduction of
the national debt;-to enlarge the powers of Justices of
the Peace in determining complaints between masters,
apprentices, artificers, servants, &c.;-for enabling courts
to abstain from pronouncing sentence of death, in certain
capital felonies;–for rebuilding London Bridge;—for
extending the benefit of clergy to several larcenies;–
to amend, &c. the laws for building gaols and houses of
correction in England and Wales;–for the better pro-
tection of the property of merchants, in relation to
goods, &c. intrusted to factors and agents;—and to re-
lieve his Majesty's subjects from all doubt respecting the
validity of marriages contracted abroad.—The Taxes
for 1823 amounted to 52,998,000l. :—loans, 7,075,000l.
—Total income, 60,073,000l.
* The enaction of this law has been connected with the suicide of Robert,
Marquess of Londonderry (the celebrated Lord Castlereagh), who, on the 12th of
August, 1822, “cut his own throat at North Cray, in Kent;”—but whose remains
were deposited in Westminster Abbey, “amidst the acclamations of thousands.”
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 709
When chosen.
On March 9th, 1824, the Commons granted a further sum
of 500,000l. (in addition to their former grant of a mil-
lion), for the erection of new churches.—On May 24th,
the Earl of Liverpool, at the instance of his Majesty,
having brought a Bill into the House of Lords for the
restoration in blood of the representatives of several
attainted Scottish Peers; and another to reverse the
attainder of the Earl of Stafford, both passed without
opposition.—On June 1st, Mr. Brougham moved an
address to his Majesty, relative to the proceedings at
Demerara, against Smith, the missionary preacher; but,
after a debate of two days, the motion was negatived".
On the 15th, a petition of 150 of the first mercantile
houses in London was presented to the Commons,
praying for a recognition of the new South American
States.—Acts were passed,—for transferring the old
four per cent. annuities, into annuities of 31. 10s. per
cent. ;—for the more effectual suppression of the slave
trade;—for the more effectual recovery of penalties by
justices and magistrates, on the conviction of offenders;
—also for facilitating the execution of warrants by con-
stables;–to amend the marriage act of last session;–
to amend and continue the Alien Act for two years;–
for ascertaining and establishing an uniformity of weights
and measures;–for the further punishment of idle and
disorderly persons, rogues and vagabonds;–to repeal
the laws relating to the combination of workmen; and
to consolidate and amend those relative to the arbitra-
tion of disputes between masters and their workmen.—
The nett income of the government for 1824 amounted
to 57,672.999]. 8s. 4d.—The national debt of Great
Britain and Ireland, funded and unfunded, on the 5th of
January (including upwards of 4 millions to the Emperor
of Germany), amounted to 831,063,787 l. 15s. 2d.; the
* Smith had been tried and convicted, at Demerara, of high treason, for having
excited the negroes of that island to rebellion: –from certain favourable points in his
case, his Majesty had granted him a pardon; which, however, arrived at the colony
only a short time previous to his decease;—said to have been most iniquitously acce-
lerated by the ill treatment of the local government. He died on Feb. 6th, 1824.
710 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
interest and annual charge of which was upwards of
38 millions sterling".
On Feb. 10, 1825, Mr. Goulburn moved to bring a Bill
into the Commons, for the suppression of improper and
dangerous associations in Ireland;—with the view of
putting down the “Catholic Association,” recently
established f: after a debate of four days, the House
divided; there being 278 for the motion, and 132
against it. It was carried on the 25th, by a majority
of 130. On the 3d of March, the Lords, on the second
reading, by a large majority, refused to hear Counsel on
the Catholic Association Bill; which was read a third
time without a division on the 7th, and soon afterwards
received the Royal Assent.—On the 9th, Mr. Peel in-
troduced a Bill into the Commons, “to amend the laws
relative to the impanneling of juries:” it was supported
by both sides of the House, and soon afterwards passed
into a law.—On the 13th, Sir Francis Burdett moved
in the House of Commons, certain resolutions to consider
the disabilities which affected the Catholics: they were
agreed to, and leave was given to bring in a Bill to
remove them. Accordingly, a Bill for their relief was
introduced, in company with another, the object of
which was (by stipulation on the part of the ministers,
* Such was the usurious spirit which now pervaded what were called the “monied
interests,” that, notwithstanding the above truly overwhelming debt, the people of
these realms actually lent forty-eight millions, upon bond, to several foreign
governments, between the years 1821 and 1824; besides very large sums which
they invested in the French funds.-No wonder that England should be deemed by
foreigners to be a land of milk and honey, and that the streets of her metropolis
were paved with gold !
+ This Association, instituted no doubt for the attainment of parliamentary
relief from the grievances under which the whole Catholic body had so long, and
so notoriously, laboured;—or for the alternative of a dissolution of the Union
between Great Britain and Ireland;—inspired the ministry, and the Irish Pro-
testants, with no small anxiety and alarm. Daniel O'Connell, Esq., now M.P. for
Kerry, who was the ostensible leader and treasurer, levied weekly contributions on
the whole of his brethren, under the denomination of “Catholic Rent;”—the
application of which was not publicly set forth:--as the amount was very consider-
able, the government was determined to put an end to this imperium in imperio, at
all hazards; and, by agreement with its leaders, they promised their support of a
Bill, to be brought in, subsequently to the present one, to enable Catholics to sit in
Parliament, &c. &c.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 711
When chosen.
and consent of O'Connell and the other Catholic Advo-
cates), that the forty shilling freeholders of Ireland
should be disfranchised from ever more voting for par-
liamentary representatives –meantime, numerous pe-
titions for, and against the Catholics, were presented to
both Houses—The two Bills passed the Commons;
but, the Lords having thrown out the Relief Bill, by a
majority of 48, on the second reading, (May 17th) that
for disfranchisement of the poor freeholders was with-
drawn.—On May 13th, the Commons granted 2000l.
to Mr. Macadam for his new method of paving the
highways.-On June 24th, a Bill for establishing an
Equitable Loan Company (for the purpose of lending
money to the poor at 10 per cent. profit) was thrown
out by the Lords*.—Acts were passed,—to repeal some
* The rage for speculation at this time was so great, that if it had not met with
a timely check, universal ruin must have been the consequence:–from the low rate
of interest in the public funds, and a gambling spirit of adventure which pervaded
all classes, every day gave birth to one or more projects for the investment of capital;
some of which were useful and bade fair to be really profitable; but a great many
were the mere schemes of unprincipled Jews and other persons, whose dupes had
soon cause to repent the confidence which they placed in their delusive promises.—
The number of Joint Stock Companies which started into an ephemeral life at this
time amounted to 276, and the capital invested, or proposed to be invested, in them
was 174,114,050l., 20 millions of which were actually subscribed:—the mania
which prevailed was at least as intense, if it did not surpass, that which caused so
much ruin about a century before, when the South Sea and other bubbles burst
upon the heads of their victims; and the delusion of that period was not more
attributable to the corrupt and interested views of courtiers and legislators, than was
that of 1825: almost every Company was blazoned forth in the newspaper advertise-
ments, as being under the patronage and governorship of some peer or member of
the House of Commons. To the great honour of Lord Chancellor Eldon, it is to be
recorded that he, at least, had the sagacity and patriotism to arrest the evil before
the foundations of society were sapped by it. On June 2d, 1824, he was in-
strumental in procuring the Standing Orders, No. CCX. and CCXI. to be declared
by the Lords (see pages 114 and 115), by which, no Bill for Bodies Corporate was
to be read a second time in their House, until the Committee upon it had reported
that three-fourths, at least, of the proposed capital, was actually invested by trustees
in the public funds, or in the Bank of England.—He also declared, on March 29th,
1825, that the holders of shares in the new companies, –that is, in companies not
incorporated by Act of Parliament, were liable for the payment of all debts of their
respective concerns, to the full extent of their property. This declaration operated
like a wet blanket on the warm expectations of the members of the several joint-
stock companies, who, not having sufficient funds to deposit, in obedience to the above
wise regulation of the House of Lords, gradually withdrew their names by selling
out their shares to greater fools or rogues than themselves. At length, “the money
market,” alias, the Stock Exchange, was so glutted with these non-entities, that shares
(nominally of 100l. sterling), which had been puffed offso as to be sold for 1800l. each (!).

712 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
of the assessed taxes;–to amend the law as to the
offence of sending threatening letters;–for the more
effectual administration of the office of justice of the
peace, in and near the metropolis;–to encourage the
importation of thrown silk;-to enable justices of the
peace to borrow money on mortgage of the county
rate;—for consolidating and amending the laws re-
lating to jurors and juries;–for regulating the settle-
ment of the poor;-for the regulation of cotton mills
and factories, and for the preservation of the health of
children employed therein;–for the assimilation of the
current money in Great Britain and Ireland;—for
abolishing the sale of offices in the Courts of King's
Bench and Common Pleas;–for preventing frivolous
Writs of Error;-for the preservation of good order
and peace in the English Universities;–for the pro-
tection of property in orchards, gardens, and nursery
grounds;–and to allow newspapers to be printed on
paper of a larger size than formerly, with liberty to
publish supplements without additional stamp duties.—
The revenue for 1825 amounted to 49,763,787l.
fell in a few weeks to 40l., and many even lower. The fact was, that the subscribers
to the respective concerns had been required to deposit only a small per centage (from
11. to 5l.) on each share; consequently, a most facile and profitable means of spe-
culation presented itself to the meanest gambler; who, by laying out a few pounds
—for as many shares of a gold mine in the Moon—had the opportunity of transferring
the same to the first greedy idiot he met, at a profit of from 201, to 50l. per cent.
upon each. The whole affair, or rather system, was most nefarious and disgraceful,
and ought to have been checked sooner. The re-action (panic as it was called) which
took place a few months afterwards, opened the eyes of the people of England to the
astounding fact that their immense wealth—their superabundant cash—their surplus
capital—was a mere factitious currency, which, in seven cases out of ten, represented
knavery and bankruptcy rather than money or property of any sort. Upwards of a
hundred banking establishments, in town and country, stopped payment, or, in other
words, were broken up; the consequence of which was that upwards of 4000 traders
became bankrupt:—at length, by advice of the Cabinet Council, the Bank of Eng-
land (upon which the demand for gold had for some time borne most inconveniently),
resumed their system of discounts to the minor bankers and merchants, and thereby
issued a very large quantity of One and Two Pound Notes. This timely supply
of negotiable currency, aided by the mutual resolution of the Bank and mercantile
interests to support each other, saved the country at that time from an explosion
and bankruptcy; for, as the late Mr. Huskisson truly said in the House of
Commons,—“We were within forty-eight hours of barter:”—that is, there being
no coin of any sort in circulation, paper money of all kinds would be depreciated to
zero, and we should consequently be compelled to barter one commodity for another.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 713
When chosen.
On Feb. 10, 1826, the Chancellor of the Exchequer moved
in the House of Commons, to have the One and Two
pound notes withdrawn from circulation; which was
agreed to.—On March 9th, Mr. Peel moved for leave
to bring in a Bill to alter and amend the Criminal Law,
which was soon afterwards passed. On April 27th, Lord
John Russell moved to bring a Bill into the Commons,
for Parliamentary Reform:—this motion, after con-
siderable discussion, was negatived by 247 against 123.
A Bill was at this time passed for amending the Charter
of the Bank of England". On May 18th, a Bill was
brought into the Commons by the Attorney General,
for regulating the proceedings of the Court of Chancery
and shortening the duration of suits therein;–but the
Parliament being dissolved on the 2d of June, no pro-
gress was made in it +.-Acts were passed in 1826,-
“ to facilitate the advancing of money by the Bank of
England upon pledges or deposits of goods;”—for the
more easy recovery of small tithes;–to authorize the
disposal of unnecessary prisons in England;—for better
regulating the co-partnerships of bankers in England;—
to alter and amend the several laws relating to the
customs;—to regulate the importation of silk goods,
and to repeal certain duties thereon;–for the registra-
tion of aliens;– to amend and consolidate the laws re-
lating to insolvent debtors in England;—for repairing
and building shire and county-halls, &c. in England
* This high and mighty corporation have always known how and at what times
to make bargains with the government; the above amendment consisted in the
establishment of branch banks in all the great and populous cities and towns
throughout England.
In order to show that it was high time that an Act of some sort should be
assed to hasten the decision of Chancery suits, it will be only necessary to peruse
the following account of the several sums standing in the name of the Accountant
General of the Court of Chancery, and belonging to the suitors in that Court, in
the Bank of England, during the preceding 100 years ;-

In 1726 . . 741,590l. In 1800 . . 17,563.9127.
1730 . . 1,007,298l. 1805 . . 21,635,7191.
1740 . . 1,295,2431. 1810 . . 25,162,4301.
1760 . . 3,093,740l. 1815 . . 32,018,2091.
1780 . , 7,120,5371. 1820 . . 34,228,715l.
In 1825 . , 39,174,7221.
4 y
714 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
and Wales;–and to admit the importation of foreign
corn, for home consumption, under certain limitations.
The revenue for 1826 amounted to 46,650,672l.:—the
national debt to 813.977,8561. 8s. 4d.
The Rt. Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, chosen a fourth time,
Nov. 21 . - - - - - - - . 1826
On Dec. 11, 1826, Mr. Canning presented a message from
the King to the Commons, stating that his Majesty had
received earnest application from the Princess Regent of
Portugal, claiming, by virtue of ancient treaties, his aid
against the hostile aggressions of the Spanish govern-
ment, which had suffered several Portuguese regiments
which had deserted into Spain, to be organized under
its auspices. On the 12th, Mr. Canning moved an
address, pledging the House to support his Majesty in
any measure for the welfare of Portugal; which was
unanimously agreed to *.
On Feb. 12, 1827, addresses of condolence were presented
to his Majesty by both Houses, on occasion of the death
of his brother the Duke of York+. On the 16th, in
pursuance of a message from the King, both Houses
agreed to a grant of 6000l. a year as a jointure to the
Duchess of Clarence (her present Majesty); and 3000l.
a year to the Duke; which, with 3000l. a year to which
he was entitled on the death of the Duke of York, made
an increase to his income of 12,000l. a yearf. On the
22d, Mr. Peel moved for leave to bring in five Bills into
the Commons, to alter and amend the code of Criminal
Law: this was agreed to, and the Bills soon afterwards
passed both Houses and received the Royal Assent.
On the 28th, the Master of the Rolls (Sir John Copley)
moved the Commons for leave to bring in a Bill to
* On the 14th, the 3d regiment of Foot Guards was marched from London to
be embarked for Portugal, to assist in quelling the rebellion of the Marquess de
Chaves; and, in a few days afterwards, a body of 3000 troops followed, under
General Clinton.
+ His Royal Highness had been succeeded, in his office of Commander-in-Chief
of his Majesty's forces, by the Duke of Wellington, on Jan. 23.
# In about a month afterwards, the Duke of Clarence was created Lord High
Admiral of Great Britain and Ireland.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 715
When chosen.
alter and amend the practice of the Court of Chancery.
On March 1st, The Rt. Hon. George Canning brought
forward certain resolutions respecting a revision of the
Corn Laws”. On the 5th, Sir Francis Burdett moved
in the Commons, “ that it was expedient for the House
to take into consideration the state of the laws which
imposed civil disabilities upon Roman Catholic subjects,
with a view to their repeal:”—this motion, after con-
siderable discussion, was adjourned till next day; when,
upon a division, it was lost by a majority of 276 votes
over 272+. On the 30th, in consequence of delay
which had taken place in forming a new administra-
tion, (on occasion of a fit of apoplexy, which had six
weeks previously befallen the Earl of Liverpool,) Mr.
Tierney moved that the supplies should not be granted
by the Commons, until a responsible administration
* The metropolis as well as all other parts of the kingdom were previously
agitated in an extraordinary degree, by the proposed revision of the Corn Laws:
the manufacturing and agricultural interest being brought into collision, the former
required the abolition of the existing laws as an intolerable burthen ; whilst the
latter defended their expediency: numerous meetings were accordingly held, and
petitions were presented to both Houses of Parliament, expressive of the sentiments
and wishes of each party.
# Many petitions to both Houses had been got up against the Catholic claims:
and every means were resorted to by the Protestant Clergy to thwart their brethren
of the Romish faith in their endeavour to recover their rights as men and citizens. In
consequence of the general change of ministry which at this time took place, the
clergy of the establishment were not a little apprehensive that the King was favour-
able to the Catholic claims; but their fears were dissipated by the following specific
declaration, reported to have been made by his Majesty.— At a public dinner, at
which several of the Bishops and upwards of 150 of the clergy were present, the
Bishop of London stated in an Address, “That the King had sent for himself and
the Archbishop of Canterbury, and stated to them most explicitly, that he had sent
for them as the heads of the Metropolitan clergy, in order, through them, to satisfy
the whole clergy and the public, that his sentiments respecting the Catholic question
were the same as those of the late King his father, and of his late brother, his Royal
Highness the Duke of York; also, that he took the same view of the Coronation
Oath as his late revered father, and that he felt convinced that nothing could shake
or alter his opinions upon that momentous question.”—Notwithstanding this very
positive, and perhaps conscientious predetermination, however, a Catholic Relief
Bill, containing in reality the same provisions, soon afterwards passed both Houses,
and actually received the Royal Assent 1–The hostility of King, Parliament, and
Clergy, all gave way to necessity, or to expediency, as the Duke of Wellington
termed it. – In fact, the Catholics were too powerful, too restive, to be any longer
trifled with, and they obtained their rights of citizenship:—so it will be in regard to
the Reform Bill now in abeyance.


71.6 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
was formed*. On April 9th, the setting of Spring
Guns for the protection of property in gardens, &c.
was prohibited by Act of Parliament. On May 22d,
the jurisdiction of the Court of Chancery in bankruptcy
cases was discussed by the Commons.—On June 1st,
the Lords went into a Committee on the Bill for amend-
ing the Corn Laws, when various amendments were pro-
posed and negatived ; but an amendment moved by the
Duke of Wellington, “ that bonded corn should not be
alloned to be taken out of bond, for home consumption,
till the average price should reach 66s.,” nas carried
by a majority of four.—The purpose of the Bill being
thus completely annulled, the Bill itself was abandoned:
and the hard-working, but oppressed people of these
realms were condemned still to purchase their daily
bread at double the price of that of any other nation in
the world!—that too, for no purpose of government, war,
or national defence, as other taxes profess to be, but
for the further pampering of an already overfed,—over-
gorged,—aristocracy; —whose legitimate revenues are
more than sufficient to enable them to luxuriate in a
style of splendour superior to that of many Continental
Princes!—Verily, there is more of insolent cruelty in this
unnatural Corn Tax, than there was in all the govern-
ment taxes put together, even in the worst of times:
nay, the very year of its imposition (1815) was that in
which that truly equitable assessment, the property tax,
* On April 11th, Mr. Canning received his Majesty's commands to form an
administration, in consequence of the continued and hopeless indisposition of Lord
Liverpool;-he, himself, to be first Lord of the Treasury, and Chancellor of the
Exchequer. He accordingly wrote to his several colleagues, some of whom (viz.
the Dukes of Wellington and Montrose, the Marquess of Londonderry, the Earls of
Eldon, Bathurst, and Westmoreland, Lords Melville and Bexley, Mr. Peel, and
Sir Charles Wetherell), sent in their resignations; refusing to serve under him, as
Premier. A complete change of ministry was the consequence; and the leading
Whigs having formed a coalition with Mr. Canning and his friends, the whole of that
party promised their support to the new administration. The Tory ministers, after-
wards, entered into an explanation in each House, of the cause which induced them
to resign their several offices;–the Catholic Question was, it seems, the grand bone
of contention.


HOUSE OF COMMONS. 717
When chosen.
ceased; so that, the great landholder not only thus saved
ten per cent, on his annual income, but he was also per-
mitted to impose a tax upon the people at large, for his
onn exclusive advantage, of at least six times that
amount –On the 26th, the Unitarian Marriage Bill
was carried in the House of Lords.-On June 18th,
Mr. Canning, in the Commons, proposed a temporary
measure, to avert the evils resulting from the loss of the
Corn Bill; viz., “that all foreign grain, meal, and flour,
now in British warehouses, be admitted into the market,
from the first day of July, 1827, to the first of May,
1828, upon the same terms as in the late Bill:”—this
proposition was carried by a majority of 238 votes over
52; and being agreed to by the Lords, became a law
immediately afterwards*—Acts were passed in 1827,
for further regulating the costs of distresses for rent, &c.;
—for prohibiting the setting of spring-guns, man-traps,
and other engines calculated to destroy human life, or to
inflict bodily injury;-to amend the laws relative to the
duties of postage in Great Britain and Ireland;—to
repeal numerous English statutes relative to benefit of
clergy, robbery, larceny, and other offences; and to
malicious injuries to property, as well as to remedies
against the Hundred;—for further improving the admi-
nistration of justice in criminal cases in England;—to
consolidate and amend the laws relating to burglary,
larceny, robbery, and other offences connected there-
with ;-for the punishment of malicious injury to pro-
perty;-to amend the laws relating to remedies against
the Hundred;—for the further prevention of corrupt
practices at elections of members to serve in Parliament;
and for diminishing the expenses of such elections;–
to consolidate and amend the laws relating to the col-
lection and management of the Excise duties in Great
Britain and Ireland;—to amend the laws relating to

* Mr. Canning died on the 8th of August, and was succeeded as First Lord of the
Treasury by Viscount Goderich (formerly Mr. Robinson): the Duke of Wellington
was re-appointed to the office of Commander-in-chief of the land forces.
718 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the Customs;–to make provision for ascertaining, from
time to time, the average prices of British corn;–to
establish a taxation of costs on private Bills* in the
House of Lords;–to amend the acts for building addi-
tional churches;–to consolidate and amend the Excise
laws relative to the making of malt ; –for the regulation
of ale-house licences;–and to prevent arrests upon
mesne process, where the debt, or cause of action, is under
201. ; also to regulate the practice of arrests.-The
taxation for 1827 amounted to 54,932,5181. 13s. 10d.
Amount of the national debt, unfunded and unre-
deemed, 808,367,590l.
On Jan. 29th, 1828, Parliament being opened by com-
mission, his Majesty's Speech was read by the Lord
Chancellor. Among other things, the King regretted
the destruction of the Turkish fleet at Navarinot ; and
spoke in the most confident terms of the “general em-
ployment of the people, as well as of the increasing
prosperity of the country.” Addresses were of course
voted by both Houses, after considerable debate.—On
the 31st, leave was given to Lord John Russell and
Mr. Tennyson to bring in Bills for the disfranchisement
of Penryn and East Retford, on account of notorious
bribery and corruption.—On Feb.6th, 23,800,000l. were
voted to pay off Exchequer Bills of 1826 and 1827; and
734,200l. in discharge of Bills advanced for public
works, fisheries, and building of churches.—On the 7th,
Mr. Brougham brought forward a motion on the state
of the law; viz. for an Address to the King, praying
* During late years, the enaction of private Bills—connected with agriculture
(or the improvement of wastelands), navigation, the improvement of cities and towns,
internal communication by rail-roads, canals, turnpike roads, &c. &c., also for the
establishment of corporate companies—had occupied much of the time and attention
of Parliament.—In 1825, 438 petitions were presented for such Bills; 286 of which
were passed into laws:—in 1826, there were 287 petitions; 206 Bills were passed :
—and in 1827 there were 249 petitions; 185 of the Bills connected with which, were
passed.
+ This was afterwards the subject of long debates in both Houses;–the Whigs
contending that the attack of the three Powers (England, France, and Russia), on
the Turks, was justified by the alleged cruelties of the latter on the people of Greece;
jº. Tories augured the worst consequences from offending our ancient ally,
the Sultan.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 719
When chosen.
him to issue a commission for inquiring into the defects
occasioned by time, and otherwise, in the laws of Eng-
land; as well as into the measures necessary for removing
the same *.—On the 15th, on the motion of Mr. Peel, a
Finance Committee was appointed “to inquire into the
state of the Public Income and Expenditure of the
United Kingdom;--to consider what regulations and
checks might be proper for establishing an effectual con-
trol over all charges incurred in the receipt, cus-
tody, and application of the public money;-and to
determine what further measures could be adopted
for reducing any part of the expenditure, without
detriment to the public service.” — On the 26th,
Lord John Russell made a motion in the Commons,
for the repeal of the Test and Corporation Acts; viz.
“That this House do resolve itself into a Committee
of the whole House, for the consideration of so much of
the Acts of 13th and 25th of Charles II., as requires
persons, before they are admitted into any office or
place in Corporations, or before accepting any office
civil or military, or any place of trust under the Crown,
to qualify themselves therefore, by receiving the Sa-
crament of the Lord's Supper according to the rites of
the Church of England:”—It was opposed strenuously
by Mr. Peel and others; but, on a division, there were
237 votes (against 193) in its favour; being a majority
of 44. On the 28th, his Lordship moved a resolution
that the above laws ought to be repealed; which, also,
was carried. After much opposition in both Houses, the
Bill ultimately passed into a law.—On the same day, on
the motion of Mr. Peel, a Select Committee was appointed
for inquiring into the Police of the Metropolis.-On
* The learned gentleman's speech on this occasion was exceedingly luminous and
comprehensive, and embraced many separate heads. The debate was adjourned to
the 29th, when, in order to meet the wishes of Mr. Peel and the Crown Lawyers,
who were desirous that separate commissions should issue, Mr. Brougham amended
his motion by praying “ that due inquiry might be made into the origin, progress,
and termination of actions in the superior courts of common law in this country,
and matters connected therewith ; also, into the state of the law regarding the transfer
of real property.”
720 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
March 3d, during the examination of evidence, in Com-
mittee, on the East Retford Disfranchisement Bill, one
of the witnesses was committed to N ewgate, for wilfully
suppressing the truth:-another was committed to the
same prison on the 7th".-On the 4th and 6th, on motions
* The history of this unfortunate Bill, as well as that introduced for the dis-
franchisement of the borough of Penryn, is curious, not only from the protracted
discussions raised upon them, and from their ultimate fate; but also from the ac-
knowledged fact, that the obstinate refusal on the part of a boroughmongering
oligarchy to permit the people to resume even the smallest share of representation
in their own House, has produced a corresponding determination among all classes,
in Great Britain and Ireland, thoroughly to cleanse the Augean Stable.—Had these
usurpers been politic enough to have willingly yielded the disfranchisement of the
boroughs in question, on the ground of the notorious corruption which even they,
themselves, admitted; and had they without any coquetry or bombastic humbug
about what they call the Constitution (!) freely transferred the right of election
either to counties or to populous towns, the good easy people of these realms would
have applauded their disinterestedness, and, for many years to come, would have
gone on paying their taxes, as heretofore, and as “in duty bound.”—The poorer
classes, indeed, have always been reformers, but very helpless ones; because the
system of government had made them poor, and kept them so:—they had neither
money nor power, union nor representation; consequently, they were compelled to
submit to every new enactment against their lives and liberties;–to every grievance;
and to every kind of insult and cruelty on their persons, by the petty tyrant of the
revenue, the magistracy, and the workhouse:—it is true that the murmur of dis-
content was occasionally heard in the rural districts, and in the hothouses of Man-
chester; and that, now and then, an expiring victim of taxation and misgovernment
groaned out his last curse as he writhed on his pallet of rotten straw, against those
who had degraded him from the scale of humanity, and then starved him to death;–
but the boroughmongers cared not for this:—they had always a large army on foot
... to keep the people in order,” and they feared neither punishment nor retaliation.
The situation of these gentry, however, has undergone a very material alteration
since the introduction of the East Retford and Penryn Bills into the House of
Commons:—the “middle classes,” as they are called,—those among whom pro-
perty is more equally distributed,—men who always wished for reform, because
“trade was bad and taxes high,” but who could not be induced to wag a finger
(except now and then to sign a petition) to obtain it;—these men, already tottering
on the brink of bankruptcy, felt all the gall and bitterness of the insult put upon
them by the boroughmongers, in refusing to admit four honest men of their own
choice into St. Stephen's Chapel, instead of the bribing and the bribed—the cor-
rupting and the corrupted—delegates of two rotten and self-elected corporations.
The golden but uneasy dreams of the “middle classes” were thus disturbed, and
their slumbers broken;–the prospect of a workhouse or a prison flashed upon their
half-shut and sleepy eyes; and they opened them to see that the “higher classes”
were hurrying them fast into the ranks of the “lower classes;”—they awoke, ter-
rified at feeling themselves in the grasp of the boroughmonger, and at beholding the
incubus of oligarchy sitting on their breasts, grinning defiance;—they strove to
shake off the oppressor, in vain ; but the apathetic indifference—the apoplectic torpor
—arising from the large and long-continued use of beef and tobacco, of drugged porter
and port wine—was dispelled; and they unanimously resolved to make common cause
with their unfortunate brethren who had so long been crying out for a Reform of the
Commons’ OWN House of Parliament.—The whole united people of these kingdoms
have thus found themselves in a position which enables them to demand not only that


-
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 721
When chosen.
by Mr. Wilmot Horton, the Commons debated on the
subjects of Emigration, and Manumission of Slaves in
which, in the case of Penryn and East Retford, was so insolently denied, but fifty
times more, besides:—nay, the demand has been made in a voice of thunder, suf-
ficient to appal the stoutest boroughmonger; and the refusal, now, may, by pos-
sibility, be the means of depriving him of his legislative rank, his property, and
even his life-How applicable is the Roman proverb,<-
“Quem Deus vult perdere, priusquam dementat,”
to the boroughmongers of England, Wales, Scotland, and Ireland 1–their very trade
is in jeopardy, which by a little timely concession, in the cases here stated, they might
have preserved for many years longer; and their obstinate folly has set that re-
volutionary wheel in motion, which,-let reformers and anti-reformers say and
think what they please, shall not perform its last circuit, until the people are
convinced that neither King, Lord, nor Commoner can boast of a single nominee in
their House.
But it is time to give some little account of the progress of the Bills in question,
during the present session.—In the debate on the second reading of the Penryn dis-
franchisement Bill (March 14th), Mr. Secretary Peelexpressed his concurrence in the
former decision of the House,_*that the case of corruption had been proved against the
Borough;” but he desired to defer the question as to the disposition of the franchise,
until, by the fate of the East Retford Bill, it should be known whether there would
be one or two franchises to dispose of; but he consented to the second reading, on
the understanding that he did not pledge himself to the transfer to Manchester. On
the 21st, Mr. Peel avowed his opinion of the “sufficiency of the evidence of de-
linquency in the case of East Retford;” and that now, having the two franchises to
dispose of, he was ready to lay down the principle of giving the manufacturing in-
terest one; and the agricultural interest the other: on the principle, however,
of the ample representation already enjoyed by Cornwall, he should propose that
the franchise of Penryn be transferred to a commercial town, and not that of East
Retford. His colleague, Mr. Huskisson, concurred in the principle of dividing
the franchises at the disposal of the House, between the agricultural and manufac-
turing interests; and stated, that if East Retford stood alone, he should support
the measure of transferring the franchise to some great commercial town. The
House, however, on the motion of Mr. Nicholson Calvert, decided by a majority of
157 over 121, “to instruct the Committee to extend the right of voting to all forty
shilling freeholders of the Hundred of Bassetlaw.”—On the 24th, Penryn had a
turn ; when Mr. Peel again expressed his satisfaction that the case was fairly made
out against it, &c. &c.; accordingly, the preamble of the Bill, stating “ the ex-
pediency of transferring the right of returning two Burgesses to Parliament, from
Penryn to Manchester, on account of the great and increasing wealth, trade, and
population of that town,” was agreed to by the Commons. On the 31st, the Bill
was read a third time and passed ; and on the First of April it was read the first
time in the House of Lords, on the motion of the Earl of Caernarvon:—on June
20th, however, it was negatived by their Lordships, without a division, on the
motion for its second reading !—So much for this rascally borough, than which,
Grampound itself was not more corrupt.—(See “PENRYN,” in the “Alphabetical
Account of Counties, Cities, &c.” And see Note on “Grampound,” in the “List of
Cities and Towns in England which formerly sent Members to Parliament).”—
On May 19th, the Commons debated on Mr. Calvert's amendment for extending
the franchise of East Retford to the adjacent Hundred; at which time it was gene-
rally understood in the House that the proposal of giving the franchise of Penryn
to Manchester would be rejected by the Lords: an appeal was accordingly made to
Mr. Peel, to act on the principle laid down by him, of giving one franchise to the



4 z
722 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the West Indies; also on the treaty of Limerick (whereby
England was under obligations to exempt Catholics from
disabilities), on that of Sir H. Parnell.—On the 11th,
a Select Committee was appointed to consider reports
relating to education in Ireland.—On the 12th, by the
recommendation of the Finance Committee, it was re-
solved that the “Life Annuitant's Act” ought to be
repealed”.-On the 31st, the Duke of Wellington made
manufacturing interest; but he denied that he had pledged himself as to the course
he should adopt in case there was only one franchise to be disposed of, and accord-
ingly supported Mr. Calvert’s amendment. There were, on the division, 146 for
extending the franchise to the Hundred, against 128 who voted for transferring it to
Birmingham. On this occasion, Mr. Huskisson voted against his ministerial col-
leagues; he being desirous of leaving the question of disposal still open :–this appa-
rent rupture created some little sensation at the time, and afterwards produced
explanations both from him and Mr. Peel; but they are of no consequence to the
present inquiry. The debate was resumed on the 27th of June; when Mr. Peel
renewed his declaration that he had given no pledge; but avowed, “that, after the
evidence given, he should be sorry to see East Retford restored to its original state.”
—Lord Howick then proposed to transfer the franchise to the county of York, and
Lord John Russel to disfranchise the Borough, simply; but both motions were
lost by great majorities:—the Bill was then recommitted, on Mr. Calvert's amend-
ment; when the numbers for it were 108, against it 43.−Thus terminated the
attempts at purifying the representation during 1828: for, Parliament having been
prorogued before the Bill could reach the Lords, it was necessarily postponed until
a future session.
* In their Second Report, which related to inquiries into the expenditure of the
army, navy, and ordnance, this Committee recommended the reduction of expenses
incurred in the Canadas, and in the Cadet departments, generally : in the ordnance,
the abolition of the Lieutenant-Generalship was advised. The Third Report was
confined to the subject of Pensions and Superannuation Allowances; recommending
a return to the former system of forfeiture by widows, on second marriage, &c., and
the contributions of clerks and officers to a Superannuation Fund. The Fourth Report
condemned the system of maintaining the Sinking Fund, by borrowing; and recom-
mended that 3,000,000l. annually, to arise from surplus income (!)—but neither to
be raised by a new loan nor new taxes, should be set apart as a Sinking Fund.—
On June 23d, there was a debate on the misappropriation of the Public Funds, on
a motion by Mr. Michael Angelo Taylor, originating in the fact ascertained by the
Finance Committee, of a sum of 250,000l., which had, by order of the Treasury,
and without consent of Parliament, been paid over to the Commissioners of Woods
and Forests, by the Commissioners for liquidating the claims of British subjects
on the government of France, and expended by their order on the alterations of
Buckingham House.—Mr. Taylor moved, of course, that such misapplication of
public money was a violation of the privileges of the House, &c.; but the usual
trick of moving the previous question, being played off by Mr. Huskisson; and
Messrs. Herries, Peel, and Arbuthnot, making speeches in favour of the transaction,
—there were 181 votes in favour of ministers, and only 102 in favour of public
justice, being a majority of 79 against Mr. Taylor's motion.—On July 4th, there
was a debate on the non-compliance of ministers with the Committee's recom-
mendation to abolish the office of Master General of the Ordnance; in the course
of which, Sir H. Parnell moved an amendment on a motion by Sir H. Hardinge,
that the salary of the Lieut.-General should be reduced from 1200l. to 600l. a year:







HOUSE OF COMMONS. 723
When chosen.
a statement in the House of Lords of certain new mea-
sures proposed to be adopted in regard to the Corn
Laws.-On April 15th, a Bill for punishing “Offences
against the Person,” was read a third time in the Lords,
when the clause which would have abolished the dis-
section of the bodies of murderers was omitted *.-On
the 17th, a motion by Mr. Slaney for leave to bring in
a Bill to amend the law relating to the employment and
payment of able-bodied labourers from the poor-rates,
and for the better rating of tenements under a certain
annual value, caused considerable discussion f.-There
was also a debate, on a motion by Mr. Wilmot Horton,
for leave to bring in a Bill to enable parishes in Eng-
land to mortgage their poor-rates for the purpose of
assisting voluntary emigration.—On the 22d, on the
motion of Mr. Warburton, a Select Committee was
appointed to inquire into the manner of obtaining sub-
jects for the Schools of Anatomy, as well as into the
state of the law affecting persons employed in obtaining
or dissecting bodies.—On the 24th, a motion by Mr.
M. A. Taylor for a general reform of the Court of
Chancery, was lost, by Mr. Peel moving the previous
question.—On May 21st, a motion by Earl Darnley for
the appointment of a Select Committee to inquire into
the state of the distressed population of Ireland, was,

—here, the Ministry had a majority of 109; there being 95 for the amendment,
and 204 against it.—On the 11th the Chancellor of the Exchequer, on opening the
Budget, declared his intention of adopting the recommendation of the Committee,
by applying the surplus of revenue over expenditure, to the reduction of the Sinking
Fund:—but the surplus for the present year happened to be only 241,2201. :—and
thus ended the mighty labours of the Finance Committeel
* This clause, which was intended to facilitate the procuring of subjects for the study
of anatomy, by removing the stigma attached to public dissection, was abandoned
by the Marquess of Lansdowne, on account of the powerful opposition of Earl Grey
and Baron Tenterden.—It will be seen that a Bill was afterwards allowed to be
brought into the Commons, whereby the bodies of persons dying in Workhouses,
Hospitals, and Prisons, were to be submitted to the dissecting knife previously to
interment; but the rites of burial according to the service of the Church of England,
with other considerations, forbade that this barbarous and cannibal-like practice
should be legalized by a solemn Act of the British Legislature.
f On May 22d a Select Committee was appointed to consider that part of the
Poor Laws which related to the employment and relief of able-bodied persons, and
the abuses thereof; and to report their opinion to the House.


724 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
after a long debate, negatived without a division.—On
the 8th, 9th, and 12th of May, there was a strong
debate in the Commons, on the motion of Sir Francis
Burdett, for a Committee of the whole House, to con-
sider the state of the laws affecting the Roman Catholics;
with a view to a conciliatory adjustment:-there were
for the motion, 272; against it, 266; giving a majority of
only 6–On the 12th, a Bill to legalize the Sale of
Game was read a third time by the Lords, and passed;
containing an amendment by Lord Tenterden, limiting
its operation to a period of four years.-On the 13th,
there was a majority of 161 against 54, in the Commons,
in favour of a grant of a pension to the family of the late
Mr. Canning:—a Bill for this purpose afterwards passed
both Houses.—On the 16th, Sir F. Burdett proposed a
conference with the Lords, on the subject of the laws
affecting the Roman Catholics:—this was agreed to by
both Houses; and the conference was accordingly held
on the 19th.-On the 20th, there was a discussion in
the Commons, on the Usury Laws, on the motion of
of Mr. P. Thomson, to bring in a Bill for their amend-
ment".-On the same day, Mr. Hume having moved
for returns of the pensions on the Civil List, a debate
ensued; but the motion was negatived by 131 against
52.—On June 3d, there was a debate in the Com-
mons, on the motion of the Chancellor of the Exchequer,
for leave to bring in a Bill “to restrain the negotiation
in England of promissory notes and inland bills of ex-
change issued by bankers and others in Scotland and
Ireland, under a limited sum :”—notwithstanding
several amendments proposed by Sir James Graham
and others, the Bill was afterwards passed by both
Houses.—On the 6th, the appointment of a Com-
mittee of the Commons on the Sale of Game Bill,
was postponed for six months, on the ground, that,
-
* Mr. Thomson brought in his Bill on June 19th; but it was rejected on the
motion for its second reading, upon the amendment “that it be read a second time
this day three months.”
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 725
When chosen.
by enacting a penalty, the Upper House had inter-
fered with the privileges of the Commons; that is,
by originating a tar on the Subject.—Mr. Stuart
Wortley afterwards obtained leave to bring in a new
Bill for legalizing the Sale of Game:–it passed the
Commons, but was thrown out by the Lords, by a
majority of thirty, on the second reading.—On the 9th
there was a debate in the Lords on the subject of
the Catholic claims, on a motion by the Marquess of
Lansdowne, “ that the House do concur in the reso-
lution sent up to them by the House of Commons:”—
the debate continued by adjournment till the following
day; when, on a division, there were 182 non-contents
against 137 who were in favour of the motion.—On the
17th, General Gascoyne moved for a resolution of the
Commons, “that the House viewed with concern the
diminution of British shipping, and that it would next
session inquire into the cause thereof:”—this motion,
however, was opposed, and negatived, on the ground
that it was the intention of the Board of Trade to inquire -
into the subject.—On the 23d, there was a discussion
in the Lords on the subject of Slavery in the Colonies;
when the Duke of Wellington expressed the determina-
tion of the Government to persevere in the principle of
the resolution previously passed by both Houses; which
was, to carry the system of manumission into execution.
On the 24th there was a debate in the Commons on the
subject of Emigration, on the motion of Mr. Wilmot
Horton, for a “resolution of the House, early next
session, to take into consideration the expediency of
adopting such measures, whether of emigration on an
extensive scale, or otherwise, as might be deemed best
calculated to diminish pauperism in Ireland; and
thereby remedy the injurious effects of that pauperism
on the trade and manufactures of this country:”—this
motion was subsequently withdrawn.—On the 26th,
Mr. Hume moved for leave to bring a Billinto the Com-
mons, to compel all Bankers in the United Kingdom to
make out quarterly returns to Parliament of the amount
726 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
of their notes in circulation; but, after debate, the
motion was withdrawn.—On the 30th, the Chancellor
of the Exchequer engaging not to press the Additional
Churches Bill further, during the present session, unless
with the general concurrence of the Commons; it was per-
mitted, without a division, to be sent into a Committee”.
—On July 3d, there was a debate in the Commons,
on the subject of the Union with Ireland, and on the
pledge understood to have been given at that period, by
Mr. Pitt, for concession of the Catholic claims; as was
borne out in evidence by the correspondence of the Mar-
quess Cornwallis, then Lord Lieutenant of Ireland:—
the mover, however (Mr. Maurice Fitzgerald), being
satisfied with having given rise to a discussion on the
subject, withdrew his motion.—On the same day, in a
debate on the Savings' Bank Consolidation Bill, Mr.
Frankland Lewis moved an amendment, restricting the
amount of deposits to 20 millions sterling; on the
principle that the country was paying a higher rate of
interest than its financial situation would warrant (viz.
4l. 11s. 3d per cent.); and because the advantages
derived from these banks was not confined to the poor
alone:–this amendment was agreed to, when the report
of the committee should be received.—On the 16th, on
the motion of Lord Holland for information respecting
the affairs of Greece and Portugal, an animated debate
took place on the foreign policy of Great Britain f.-
* This Bill was considered to be very obnoxious by several Members, on account
of certain extraordinary powers which it would give to select vestries and parish
officers; it was, therefore, opposed in all its stages, and the forms of the House were
repeatedly taken advantage of, by motions of adjournment, &c. to induce the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer to give time for the due consideration of the question. It
passed both Houses, in a modified state, before the termination of the session.
# The Earl of Aberdeen vindicated the course pursued by the Government in
recognizing the blockade of Oporto, and in not interfering with the revolution lately
effected in Portugal:—he also explained the situation of the Allied Powers since the
declaration of war by Russia against Turkey; and announced that the northern
Emperor had divested himself of the character of a belligerent in the Mediterranean:
he also declared it to be the policy of the British Government to regard any consi-
derable diminution of the power and territory of Turkey, to be injurious to the repose
of Europe; but that he and his colleagues placed every confidence in the mag-
nanimity and moderation (!) of the Emperor Nicholas-On these cogent grounds,
Lord Holland's motion was negatived without a division.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 727
When chosen.
On the 18th, Mr. Huskisson, in moving for copies of
the American Tariff for 1824, recommended the govern-
ment to a course of retaliation:-the motion was agreed
to.—On the 28th, after a speech in which his Majesty
enlarged on the usual subjects of foreign policy and
domestic economy, and congratulated both Houses on
the general prosperity of the country and the satis-
factory state of the public revenue, Parliament was
prorogued by commission.—Acts were passed in 1828,
for rendering written memoranda necessary to the
validity of certain promises and engagements;—to
prevent the Commissioners for the reduction of the
National Debt from granting further Life Annuities;–
to repeal the Test and Corporation Acts;–for amending
and consolidating the Acts relating to cards and dice;
and for granting new stamp duties thereon;–to re-
gulate the carriage of passengers by merchant vessels to
North America;-to allow of a composition for stamp
duties on bankers' bills and notes;–to authorize ad-
ditional Circuit Courts of Justiciary, and to facilitate
criminal trials, in Scotland;—to consolidate and amend
the statutes in England, relative to offences against the
person;–to amend the law of evidence in certain
cases *;—for the regulation of madhouses; and the
preservation of the salmon fisheries, in Scotland;—for
the further regulation of County Lunatic Asylums;
and for the care and treatment of insane persons in
England;—to abolish church briefs; and to promote
the interests of the “Society for enlarging, building,
and repairing Churches and Chapels;”—to repeal the
criminal laws of Ireland, in order to assimilate them to

* By this Act, Quakers and Moravians are exempted from taking oaths as wit-
nesses, in all cases, civil or criminal ;—the solemn affirmation of such men (viz.
“I. A. B., do solemnly, sincerely, and truly declare and affirm,” &c.) being hence-
forward to be considered as of equal weight, and entitled to the same degree of
credit, in matters of life and death, as the oath of a Christian who swears “by
Almighty God!” &c.—Truly, these Quakers are a favoured race;—at all events,
they have proved that patience is at least a profitable virtue;—by their union,
obstinacy, and long suffering, they have at length conquered those very powers
which once despised and persecuted them without mercy.
728 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
those of England, enacted in 1827;-to regulate the
mode of polling at elections in England;—to amend
the laws relating to the importation of corn";-to re-
gulate the granting of licences to keepers of inns, ale-
houses, and victualling-houses in England;—to restrain
the negotiation in England, of Scottish and Irish pro-
missory notes and bills, under five pounds;–to repeal
the laws for the discovery of the longitude;—for the
more effectual prevention of persons going armed by
night, for the destruction of game; and to consoli-
date and amend the laws relating to Savings Banks.
The number of Private Bills petitioned for in 1828,
was 244:-182 of which received the Royal Assent.
The public income amounted to 54,932,518l., exclu-
sively of 5,268,486l. paid for the expenses of collec-
tion, &c. :—Total, 62,306,214l.—The National Debt,
unredeemed, was 785,530,326l. ; the charge or interest
on which amounted to 30,230,037/.-The Poor and
County Rates for England and Wales were 7,670,433l.—
Bank of England Notes, &c. in circulation, 21,549,318l.

* By this Act, among other things, weekly returns of the purchases and sales of
British corn shall be made in 150 cities and towns; and the duties on foreign corn
imported into England, are to be regulated (when the same is sold for consumption)
according to certain scales;—one of which, regarding while AT, we shall here
transcribe:–
“Whenever the average price of wheat shall be under 62s. and £ s. d.
not under 61s. per quarter, the duty shall be........................... 1 5 8
When 62s. and under 63s. per quarter .................. 1 4 8
--- 63s. ...... 64s. ...... .................. 1 3 8
64s. ...... 65s. ...... .................. 1 2 8
65s. ...... 66s. ...... .................. 1 1 8
66s. ...... 67s. ...... .................. 1 0 8
67s. ...... 68s. ...... .................. 0 18 8
68s. ...... 69s. ...... .................. 0 16 8
69s. ...... 70s. ...... ........ ---------- 0 13 8
70s. ...... 71s. ...... .................. 0 10 8
71s. --- - - - 72s. ...... .................. 0 6 8
--- 72s. ------ 73s. ...... .................. 0 2 8
When it shall be at, or above, 73s. ...... .................. 0 1 0
And in respect of each integral shilling, or any part of such, by which the price
shall be under 61s., the aforesaid duty of 11. 5s. 8d., shall be increased by one
shilling.”—Proportionate duties are fixed by this Act for foreign barley, oats, rye,
and pease; also, for wheatmeal and flour, oatmeal, maize or Indian corn, buck-
wheat and bear or bigg—The scale for grain, &c. imported from British possessions
in North America, &c. is about one-fifth of the above.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 729
When chosen.
On Feb. 5th, 1829, Parliament was opened by commission,
when, among other topics, his Majesty's Speech took
notice of the existence of the Catholic Association*:
which it designated “to be dangerous to the public
peace, and inimical to the spirit of the constitution:-
he therefore relied on the wisdom of Parliament to grant
the necessary powers to maintain his just authority.”
This object being accomplished, he recommended them
“ to take into review the laws which imposed civil dis-
abilities on the Roman Catholics; in order that it might
be determined whether their removal could be effected
consistently with the full and perfect security of our
establishment in Church and State f.”—On the 10th,
* The Catholic Association had resumed its sittings on the 26th of July, ac-
cording to its original institution;–the Act of 1825 for its suppression having
expired.
# It certainly appears not a little curious that the same Monarch, who, only a
short time previously, had authorised two prelates of the Church of England to
publish to the world his settled determination to grant the Catholics no favour,
should thus suddenly throw aside his hostility towards them, and actually recom-
mend their emancipation l—Mr. Peel in the debate on the Address which had been
moved in the Commons, in answer to the above speech, defended his own apparent
inconsistency in concurring with so remarkable a change of policy, by saying “ that
the necessity of a change had become so urgent, that there was no longer any
possibility of delaying it, without endangering the peace and stability of the em-
pire.”—The conversion of the rest of the cabinet, and of most of the Privy Council,
as well as of his Majesty,+nay, even that of the Protestant Bishops, had been
equally sudden :-how was this?—The Irish Catholics had been solemnly promised,
by Pitt, on condition of not opposing the Legislative Union of their country with
Britain,_that they should, immediately afterwards, be emancipated from the horrid
and almost intolerable thraldom under which they had laboured ever since the
abdication of James II. :—that compact had never been fulfilled; though, from
session to session, during twenty-nine long years, they were amused and tantalized
with a thousand vague promises and illusory prospects. At length, endurance
could no longer endure:–the goaded and galled beast having made several abortive
attempts to exonerate himself from his yoke, now threatened by one decisive effort
to throw his rider into the sea. In plain terms, the Association which had been
formed from one end of the kingdom to the other, was determined by fair means
or foul to dissolve the Union:–Irishmen, as with one voice, exclaimed, “We will
no longer submit to be the pariahs of the British Empire in the North !”—At this
crisis, the fertile and bold genius of Mr. O'Connell diverted the stream of public
impatience and resentment into a peaceful but determined channel, which, with an
overwhelming tide, threatened to sweep away the very pillars of the government:—
in other words, the Catholic gentry withdrew their deposits from the various banks,
and a run upon the Bank of Ireland took place at the same time: the consequence
was that a drain upon the Bank of England commenced:—the directors of both
national establishments, now seriously alarmed, communicated their fears to the
government; which, trembling in its turn for the probable fate of its darling funds,
offered an immediate concession of the Catholic claims in order to avoid a convul-



5 A
730 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
Mr. Peel obtained leave to bring in a Bill for the -
“Suppression of Dangerous Associations or Assemblies in
Ireland;”—granting to the Lord Lieutenant the power
of suppressing any meeting which he might think dan-
gerous; and of delegating such authority to two selected
magistrates”. –On the 13th, in a Committee of Supply,
the sum of 28,046,800l. was granted to pay off outstand-
ing Exchequer bills; as was also 320,000l. for Exchequer
bills which had been issued for carrying on public works
and fisheries, and for building churches; and 4,600,000l.
on account of unappropriated grants of previous years.
—On the 18th, Mr. P. Macqueen brought in a Bill to
repeal so much of any Acts relating to the relief or
settlement of the poor, as conferred a settlement by
hiring or service.—On the 23d, the Chancellor of the
Exchequer proposed the granting of Annuities by the
Commissioners for the reduction of the National Debt,
upon a more just and accurate basis than that contained
in the acts repealed last session; extending the prin-
ciple, and giving power to the Commissioners to grant
annuities for periods of years, on terms which were
specified in new and far more accurate tables than
those which formed the bases of the late acts;–this
resolution was agreed to.—On the 24th there was a
sion, which otherwise was inevitable.—This was the urgency to which Mr. Peel
alluded, when he attempted to repel the charge of inconsistency; and to this was
owing the favourable reception of the Catholic Bill, generally, both by Whigs and
Tories.
* The mover said that this measure was grounded on the undue influence and
vast authority exercised by the Catholic Association; and he accordingly urged the
propriety of that body being suppressed, before any measures were taken for the
removal of the existing disabilities of the Catholics.—The Solicitor and Attorney
General for Ireland being blamed for not exerting their powers to prevent the con-
tinuance of the Catholic meetings; one of them (Mr. Doherty) answered, “that he
and the Attorney General had watched the proceedings of the Association with the
strictest vigilance; but, that it was considered by themselves and the Irish Govern-
ment, under different administrations, that a prosecution would have been inexpedient
from the difficulty of framing an indictment against SEVEN MILLIons of people;
and that an abortive attempt would only have provoked additional irritation.”—
The Bill was read a second time on the 12th, when Mr. Peel, in explanation,
stated, “that as against the Association, it was to be perpetual; but that the other
provisions were limited to two years:” Mr. Brougham and others supported the Bill,
only because it was to be the precursor of one for Catholic emancipation.

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 73]
When chosen.
debate of the Commons regarding a Bill allowed to be
brought in by Mr. Slaney, respecting the payment of
able-bodied men from the poor's rates; in which Mr. S.
stated, “that it was the intention of his Bill to return
to the true principles of law on the subject;-that is,
by abolishing all money allowance to such persons whilst
in employment:-the effect would be to raise the rate
of wages to the provident and industrious; without
which, no permanent relief could ever accrue to the
humbler classes.”— On the 26th, leave was given to Mr.
Brownlow to bring in a Bill for draining the bogs, and
improving the lands in Ireland:—he asserted “ that
there were 3,000,000 acres of waste land in that
country, all capable of reclamation at a small expense;
and he proposed that a Commission should be appointed
to authorize and enforce the improvements.”—On the
27th, Mr. Stuart Wortley's Bill for authorizing the sale
of game, and to alter the qualification for taking and
killing game in England, was read the first time in the
Commons: it was passed on April 14th, but was thrown
out by the Lords, on June 1st, by 91 votes against 89.
—On March 5th, Mr. Secretary Peel moved that the
Commons should resolve themselves into a Committee
of the whole House, to consider the laws imposing civil
disabilities on his Majesty's Roman Catholic subjects;
and on the 10th, the Catholic Relief Bill, and the Qua-
lification of Irish Freeholders Bill, were brought in and
read the first time".-On the 12th, Mr. Davenport

* By the first of these Bills, Mr. Peel proposed that the Roman Catholic Peer,
and the Roman Catholic Gentleman, when elected, should be qualified to take their
places as members of either House of Parliament on the same footing with Protestant
Peers or members; without any restrictions as to number or privilege:—to sub-
stitute an oath to be taken by every Protestant member of the legislature, to which
every Catholic Peer and member would be expected to subscribe: —to repeal the
declaration against transubstantiation as far as regarded admission to Parliament
and to Office, generally:—to relieve Roman Catholics from the Oath of Supremacy,
—leaving it, however, to be still taken by Protestants:–and to substitute an oath
which would relieve the Catholic from the necessity of taking the Oaths of Allegiance
and Abjuration:-to exclude Catholics, only from the offices of Lord Lieutenant of
Ireland; of Lord Chancellor; or Lord Keeper, or Lord Commissioner of the Great
Seal of Great Britain; and from all places or offices in, or having jurisdiction over,
the Protestant Church or ecclesiastical Foundations: —to retain the law relative to


732 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
moved for leave to bring in a Bill authorising the
summary conviction of juvenile offenders for petty
crimes, in order that the said youthful persons might
avoid the contamination produced by committing them
for trial to a gaol:—leave was given; as it was, also, for
a Bill to legalize and regulate the supply of subjects for
anatomy:-neither of these Bills however were passed;
—the latter was postponed, after the second reading in
the Lords, till next session.—On the 24th, the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer stated in answer to a question,
that the Act allowing a composition for assessed taxes
would expire in April, 1830; and that he had intended
to have brought in a Bill for the improvement and
consolidation of the laws relating to them; but that
the complicated nature of the measure had prevented
him :—he should, therefore, introduce a Bill to con-
tinue the existing Act for one year longer, in order that
the whole subject might be fully considered in the next
session. On April 15th, Mr. Peel introduced a Bill
into the Commons, for the improvement of the Police
of the metropolis; that is, by substituting a strong
police force who should do duty by night and by day,
instead of the parochial watch-On the 28th, three
Roman Catholic Peers, viz. –the Duke of Norfolk, and
Barons Dormer and Clifford, took their seats in the
House of Lords; having previously taken the oaths
prescribed by the Catholic Relief Bill, which had re-
ceived the Royal Assent on the 13th-On the same
day, a Select Committee was appointed by the Com-
mons, on the motion of Mr. Hobhouse, to inquire into
the general operation and effect of the laws and usages
the right of presentation to Livings; and to transfer to a commission any such
patronage attached to any office held by a Roman Catholic:-and to enact that it
shall not be lawful for any Roman Catholic in office to advise the Crown relative
to the appointment of any dignitary in the established church.-The second Bill
respected the state of the elective franchise in Irish counties; and Mr. Peel said
that the measure proposed was highly necessary for the improvement of the moral
condition of Ireland, viz. to limit the franchise to the holder of a bona fide freehold
of not less than ten pounds a year; which measure, however, was not to interfere
with the nature of tenures in that country.
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 733
When chosen.
under which select and other Vestries are constituted in
England and Wales.—On May 5th, a motion by Mr.
Tennyson for a Bill to be brought into the Commons,
for the disfranchisement of East Retford, and for the
transfer of the representation to Birmingham, was lost
by a majority of 197 over 111.—On the 6th, the Earl of
Surrey (son of the Duke of Norfolk) took the oaths and
his seat in the House of Commons as one of the repre-
sentatives of the Borough of Horsham:—his Lordship
being the first Catholic who had done so under the new
Act.—On the same day, a Bill was brought in for the
purpose of vacating the seats of persons accepting certain
offices in India, under the East India Company.—On
the 7th, a motion for a new writ for the eternal East
Retford was withdrawn after considerable debate.—On
the same day, Mr. Villiers Stuart moved a resolution,
“ that it was expedient to take into consideration, early
next session, the condition of the poor of Ireland; with
the view of introducing a modified system of Poor's
Laws, applicable to the peculiar circumstances of that
country.” After a debate thereon, the motion was with-
drawn on the declaration of Mr. Peel that the con-
dition of the poor in Ireland required, and mould re-
ceive, consideration.—On the 8th, the Lord Chancellor
introduced a Bill into the Lords, for facilitating the
administration of justice in Courts of Equity.—On the
12th, a motion by Mr. Slaney, “for a committee to
inquire into the burthens and restrictions on the manu-
facture of malt and beer, and on the supply of liquor to
the poorer classes,” was withdrawn on the assurance by
the Chancellor of the Exchequer, “ that the attention
of Government had been, and should be, directed to the
possibility of relieving the different branches from any
unnecessary restrictions.”—On the same day, Mr. C.
Palmer moved for leave to bring in a Bill to prevent
the practice of bull-baiting, which was opposed on the
ground of being too confined in its application: there
were 28 votes for, and 73 against the motion.—In a
SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen,
Committee on the Land Revenue Bill, Lord Lowther
stated that the expense of the new palace at Pimlico,
up to the 14th of February last, had been 346,000l. ;
and that the last estimate was 432,000l.-On the 15th,
Mr. O'Connell, member for Clare, being introduced into
the House of Commons, for the purpose of taking his
seat, the clerk at the table tendered to him the oaths
of Allegiance, Supremacy, and Abjuration; but Mr.
O'Connell declined the oath of Supremacy, claiming to
be allowed to take the oath set forth in the Act passed
in the present session for the relief of Roman Catholics.
The Speaker said “that was a course which he did not
conceive it his duty to acquiesce in,” and directed him
to withdraw. On this, Mr. Brougham moved, “ that
the Member for Clare be called back, and heard at the
table;” upon which a debate arose, which was resumed
on the 18th and 19th. An amendment being proposed
on Mr. Brougham's motion,-" that Mr. O'Connell be
heard at the bar;” the same was carried in the affirm-
ative; upon which he was called in, when he ad-
dressed the House in support of his claim to sit and
vote as Member for Clare. When he had retired,
the Solicitor-General moved “ that Mr. O'Connell,
having been returned to Parliament before the passing
of the late Act, is not entitled to sit or vote, unless he
first take the Oath of Supremacy;”—on this motion
the House divided; when there appeared 190 for it,
and 116 against it. Mr. O'Connell, appearing again at
the bar, was informed of the resolution of the House;
and the Speaker asking him whether he would take
the obnoxious oath, he refused to do so, and was desired
to withdraw. The Solicitor-General now moved for
“ a new writ to be issued for Clareshire, in the room
of Daniel O'Connell, Esq.;”—the debate on which
motion was adjourned to the 21st, when Mr. Spring
Rice moved as an amendment, “that leave be given to
bring in a Bill to amend the Act for the Relief of the
Catholics, recently passed:”—this amendment, however,

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 735
When chosen.
was withdrawn, and the original motion carried without
a division.—On the 19th there was a debate on a motion
by Mr. Hume, for a Committee of the whole House to
take into consideration the Corn Laws, with the view
of substituting a fired duty, instead of the present
graduated scale: the House divided, when there ap-
peared only 12 for the motion, and 154 against it.—
On the 21st, the Chancellor of the Exchequer withdrew
his motion to increase the salaries of the Scottish
judges, after considerable debate.—On the 22d, there
was a debate in the Lords on a petition from the City
of London, praying to be heard at the bar, against the
Order of the House for the production of the account
of the income and expenditure of the Corporation :-
counsel was accordingly called in, on the 25th, and
heard; but the Order for the returns was confirmed.—
On the 22d, in a Committee of Supply of the Com-
mons, on the Irish Education Estimates, the House
was divided on the grant of 89281, to the Catholic
College of Maynooth; which was agreed to by a majority
of 118 to 14.—On the 25th, there was a debate on the
motion of Mr. Grant, in the Committee on the Sugar
Duties, for the reduction of the same: on a division,
there were 60 for the reduction; against it 98.-On
the same day, in a Committee on the Land Revenue
Bill, Colonel Davies brought forward certain charges
against Mr. Nash, the architect, and gave notice of his
intention to move for a Select Committee * to inquire
into the expenses of Buckingham Palace, and the manner
in which the Crown leases had been granted:—the
Chancellor of the Exchequer moved “ that there be
added to the Bill a clause restricting the expenses of
the above palace to 150,000l. beyond what had been
already voted.” Mr. Bankes proposed to reduce that
sum to 34,450l. ; being the amount to be expended on
the sculpture of the marble arch; which amendment
was negatived by 91 to 61, and the original motion
* The Committee was appointed on the 27th.
736 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
agreed to.—On the 26th, the Duke of Richmond moved
a series of resolutions declaratory of the depressed state
of the nool trade, and of the expediency of taking the
subject into parliamentary consideration: after a debate,
the Lords divided thus, content 35 ; non-content 88.
—On the 25th, Lord Wharncliffe proposed several re-
solutions for regulating proceedings in Private Bills,
which were agreed to.—On June 3d, resolutions were
proposed in the Commons, by the Marquess of Bland-
ford, “ declaratory of the existence of Boroughs, in
which the returns of members are notoriously capable
of being purchased; and that the existence of such
Boroughs, and the continuance of such practices, are
disgraceful to the character of this House, destructive
of the confidence of the people,_and prejudicial to the
best interests of the country:”—upon which the House
divided; when there were 40 for the adoption of the
resolutions, and 114 against them.—On the same day
there was a debate on the motion of Mr. H. Fane, “that
a writ be issued for the election of Burgesses for the
Borough of East Retford,”—which was negatived by a
majority of 135 against 44.—On the 4th, there was a
debate on the state of the currency, on the presentation
of a petition from Birmingham.—On the 5th, on the third
reading of the Charities Inquiry Bill, Mr. Brougham
detailed the proceedings of the Commissioners; who had
completely examined sixteen counties, and partially exa-
mined ten;—altogether amounting to more than 19,000
charities, and being more than half the number in the
whole kingdom *-On the 12th, there was a debate on
the presentation of a petition from Blackburn, in Lan-
cashire, which complained of the manufacturing distresses
of the country.—On the 24th, the King's Speech was
delivered by the Lord Chancellor; wherein, after the
usual topics, his Majesty thanked his Commons for the
supplies granted, assuring them of every attention being
*In his speech Mr. Brougham said, “he trusted that next session a Bill would
be introduced to divert the funds of many of the Charities to more useful purposes
than those to which they had been nominally devoted by their founders.”

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 737
When chosen.
paid to economy, and expressed his sincere hope that
the measures adopted during the session would esta-
blish the tranquillity and improve the condition of Ire-
land.—The Parliament was then prorogued.—Acts were
passed, in 1829, to suppress the Catholic Associa-
tion ;-for the relief of the Catholics from certain dis-
abilities;–for a higher qualification of freeholders in
Ireland;—for the care and treatment of insane persons;
—for the regulation of the Swan River settlement;-
to enable the Commissioners for the reduction of the
National Debt to grant life annuities for terms of years;
—to amend several Acts for regulating the reduction
of the National Debt; – to consolidate and amend the
statutes in Ireland, relating to offences against the
person;–to prevent arrests on mesne process in Ireland,
where the debt is under 201. ;—to amend the laws relat-
ing to coroners in Ireland;—for the more effectual
punishment of attempts to murder, in certain cases, in
Scotland;—for improving the Police in and near the
Metropolis;–for the more effectual recovery of small
debts in Scotland;—to consolidate and amend the laws
relating to friendly societies;–for the improvement, &c.
of the metropolis roads;–to raise 12,000,000l. by Ex-
chequer Bills;–and to prevent persons holding certain
offices in the East India Company's service from sitting
and voting in the Commons' House of Parliament.—
There were 254 petitions presented for private Bills in
1829; 205 of which received the Royal Assent—The
public income amounted to 55,187,1421—The National
Debt, unredeemed, to 772,322,540l., the interest on
which amounted to 27,602,256l.
On Feb. 4th, 1830, Parliament was opened by commission;
and the royal speech, among other things, stated that
the general distress among the agricultural and manu-
facturing classes was attributable to “unfavourable
seasons and other causes not under legislative con-
trol.” Earl Stanhope moved an amendment to the
Address of the Lords, declaratory “ of the severe dis-

5 B

738 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
tress which afflicted the country at large, and of the
determination of that House to examine into its causes,
in order to administer effectual relief;”—but, a debate
and division taking place, there appeared only nine for
the amendment, and seventy-one against it. In the
Commons, Sir E. Knatchbull, Bart, moved an amend-
ment, declaring “ that the distress was general amongst
all the productive interests of the country, and that
earnest endeavours should be made to relieve it:”—there
were 105 for the amendment, and 158 against it. When
the report of the Address was brought up to the Com-
mons, the Marquess of Blandford moved an addition to
it, declaratory of “the universal distress which prevailed,
and of the necessity of Parliamentary Reform:”—on a
division, however, it was negatived by 96 against
ll.—On the 11th, there was a debate in the Com-
mons on the introduction of a Bill to prevent bribery and
corruption in East Retford, by extending the elective
franchise to the adjacent Hundred of Bassetlaw:—Mr.
Tennyson's amendment, “ that the right of returning
members be transferred to the populous but unrepre-
sented town of Birmingham,” being stoutly opposed by
the ministry, was lost by a majority of 126 over 99.
On the 12th, on the report of the Committee of Supply,
Sir James Graham moved a resolution that all salaries,
&c. which had been increased in consequence of the
diminished value of money, should non be revised, and
every possible reduction made, with a view to some
relief from the present excessive load of taxation: this
salutary motion was negatived by a proposition of Mr.
G. Dawson, “praying his Majesty to institute an in-
quiry into the several departments of the civil govern-
ment, &c. &c.”—A proposition by Mr. Hume, recom-
mending a repeal and modification of the taxes to the
greatest possible extent, as the only means of affording
general relief to the country, met with the same fate;
there being only 69 for it, and 184 against it.—Several
motions in both Houses, respecting information on the
HOUSE OF COMMONS, 739
When chosen.
affairs of Portugal, and the settlement of the boundaries
of Greece, &c. were negatived.—On the 18th, a motion
by the Marquess of Blandford, for leave to bring in a
Bill to restore the constitutional influence of the House
of Commons, by Parliamentary Reform, was negatived
by a division of 160 votes of the Commons themselves
against 57.—On the 19th, the Chancellor of the Ex-
chequer announced reductions in the several depart-
ments to the extent of nearly 1,300,000l. : but, Sir H.
Hardinge, in detailing the military reductions, moved
for a grant of 88,848 men, exclusive of those required
for the service of the East India Company: Colonel
Davies proposed that the grant should be only until
May instead of December, in order that the House
might have time to ascertain the possibility of further
reduction. The original motion, however, was agreed
to; there being 167 against 57, on the proposed amend-
ment. Several proposed reductions in the army, by
Mr. Hume, also, were negatived by large majorities”.
On the 23d, Lord John Russell, in the Commons, moved
for leave to bring in a Bill to enable the large towns of
Manchester, Leeds, and Birmingham, to return Mem-
bers to Parliament. Lord Sandon proposed as an amend-
ment, “ that it was expedient that all boroughs in
which gross and extensive corruption should be proved
to prevail, should cease to return members; and that
such right should be transferred to some great unrepre-
sented town, or to some of the large counties.” This
being withdrawn, however, the original motion was put,
and negatived by a majority of 188 against 140–On
the 25th, Earl Stanhope moved for a Committee of the
whole House of Lords, to take into consideration the
internal state of the country; asserting the existence of
general and unprecedented distress, and that the revenue
was falling off. These assertions were stoutly denied
by Lord Goderich, the Duke of Wellington, and others:
* A similar proposal by Mr. Hume, on March 1st, to give time for the revision
and reduction of the naval estimates, was negatived by 148 against 47.
740 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
when the House divided, there were 25 for the motion;
against it, 11811–On March 1st, Mr. P. Thompson
presented a petition to the Commons, from the inha-
bitants of Newark, complaining of the conduct of the
Duke of Newcastle towards them, in consequence of
their having voted against the candidate who had been
supported by his interest at the last election: Mr. T.
stigmatised such interference on the part of a Peer of
the realm as tyrannical and unconstitutional, and moved
for a Select Committee to investigate the circumstances
of the case, &e. &c.; but the motion was resisted on
the ground of its being an interference with the rights
of private properly 1—and negatived by a majority of
194 against 61".—On the 4th, Sir John Newport, Bart.
moved an address to the King, praying for an inquiry
into the Irish Church Establishment, with a view to
the reform of abuses therein : the motion was with-
drawn, however, for one more restricted in its object,
proposed by Lord Francis Leveson Gower; which was
agreed to. – On the 5th, another effort made to transfer
the elective franchise from East Retford to Birmingham
was negatived by 152 votes of the Commons against 119:
and a motion by Mr. O'Connell, that a clause should be
inserted in the East Retford Disfranchisement Bill, for
future elections to be taken by the ballot, was with-
drawn from want of supportf. On the 9th, Mr. Wil-
mot Horton moved for a Committee of the whole House
of Commons, to consider the state of the poor of the
United Kingdom; recommending the encouragement of
emigration on an extensive scale, which he asserted
-
* See NEWARK, in the Alphabetical List of Counties, Cities, Boroughs, &c.—
It was upon this occasion, that His Grace of Newcastle made the memorable defence
of his conduct in the House of Lords; wherein he asserted his right “ of doing
what he liked with his own /*
+ Mr. O'Connell renewed his motion on the 15th; but it was negatived by 179
against 21.-What a hateful thing this ballot must have been to our “Collective
Wisdom" as Mr. Cobbett styles the two Houses of Parliament. And yet, in
all well-regulated communities, the ballot has invariably been found to be the best,
—the only,–preventive against bribery and corruption 1 The “Collective” must
have had some very potent reason for thus scouting so reasonable, so fair, so tranquil,
a mode of collecting the votes of electors. What ean it possibly be? -
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 74.1
When chosen.
would cause a proportionate reduction of the poor rates:
the principle being objected to by several members, the
motion was withdrawn.—On the 15th, the Chancellor
of the Exchequer announced his intention of remitting
the Excise duties on beer, cyder, and leather ; which he
calculated would afford relief to the public of nearly
five millions sterling. In order to meet the consequent
deficiency, he proposed the assimilation of the Irish and
English stamp duties, and an increased duty on Irish
and Scottish spirits of 2d. per gallon, and on English
spirits of 1s. per gallon. Considerable opposition was
made to this plan of relief; some urging the reduction
of the duties on malt, soap, candles, and coals, as more
peneficial.—On the 18th, the Duke of Richmond moved
for a Select Committee of the Lords to take into consi-
deration the internal state of the country, in relation to
the condition of the poor: but the motion was negatived,
after a long debate, by 141 against 61. In the Com-
mons, Mr. E. D. Davenport moved for a Committee for
the same purpose; but, after several adjourned debates,
and notwithstanding numerous petitions from all parts
of the kingdom, the motion was lost by a majority of
255 against 87–On the 25th, Mr. P. Thomson moved
for a Select Committee of the Commons to inquire into
the expediency of making a revision of the taxes, in order
to afford relief to the industrious classes:—this motion
being opposed, on the ground that it was improper to
delegate the powers of Government and Parliament to a
Committee, and that the Ministers were already doing
all that was possible to lighten the burdens of the
prople, it was negatived by 167 against 78–On the
26th, the Chancellor of the Exchequer submitted a plan
to the Commons for transferring the Stock known as the
new four per cents, into a Stock bearing interest at 34
per cent., with an option to the holders, instead, of
accepting 70l. of a new 5 per cent. Stock for every 100l.
4 per cents.:—persons dissenting from such transfer, to
be paid off:—this plan was agreed to, and soon after-
742 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
- When chosen.
wards passed into a law.—On the 29th, Lord King
moved a series of resolutions in the Lords, declaring
the impolicy, and recommending the abolition, of all
prohibitory regulations on the importation of foreign
corn; but they were negatived without a division. In
the same spirit, motions for the abolition of the offices
of Lieut.-General of the Ordnance and Lord Lieut. of
Ireland, as useless and expensive, were severally ne-
gatived; as was, also, one for a select Committee to
inquire into the state and revenue of the Crown lands;
and one against the heavy grants for the building and
repairs of the royal palaces. On April 5th, Mr. R. Grant
moved for leave to bring in a Bill to repeal the civil
disabilities affecting British born subjects professing the
Jewish religion: leave was given, on a division of 115 to
97; but the Bill was lost on the second reading, by a
majority of 228 against 165 *. On the 7th, the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer proposed the repeal of the Act
for prohibiting the growth of Tobacco in the united
kingdom, and the imposition of a duty of 1s. 8d. per
pound, on home grown Tobacco, to be paid by the
grower.—On the 26th, in a Committee on the Poor
Laws Amendment Bill, a clause intended to empower
the separation of children from their parents, requiring
relief, was negatived by a majority of ninety-one to ninet.
On the 28th, Mr. C. Grant moved a series of resolutions
recognizing Donna Maria as Queen of Portugal, and “de-
claring the interception of and attack on the Portuguese

* Petitions had been presented in favour of this Bill, from London, Manchester,
and many other places; but, when was ministerial influence used to gratify the
people, even in the smallest matter!—The best plan, undoubtedly, for the public,
with regard to a favourite measure, is to let it take its fate :-petitioning is but the
too sure signal of determined opposition; and a mere waste of time and parchment,
which is seldom attended with any other result than that of incurring the contempt
of “those who dwell in high places.”—A motion by Colonel Wilson, on June 17th,
for a Bill to enable British and Irish born Jews to inherit property of every de-
scription, and to render them eligible to the corporate and elective franchise, was
also negatived without a division. - - -
# It is truly refreshing to arrive at this oasis in the desert of British legislation:
but the insolent barbarian who dared to introduce such a provision, deserved to
have been expelled from all Honourable society. -
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 7.43
When chosen.
emigrants, off the island of Terceira, to be an assumption
of jurisdiction neitherwarranted by necessity, nor justified
by the law of nations:” on a division, there were 191
votes against the resolutions; 78 for them.—On the
29th, Mr. Brougham, after taking a general view of the
law of England, moved for leave to bring in a Bill for
the establishment of Local Judicatures, in certain cases;
for the purpose of diminishing the expense of legal pro-
ceedings: leave was given, and the Bill brought in ;
but it did not pass, on account of his Majesty's death.-
On May 4th, the Earl of Mountcashel moved for a
Commission to inquire into the abuses in the Church
Establishments of England and Ireland, and to report
remedies for the same; but the motion was nega-
tived by the Lords, without a division.—On the 5th,
Sir Thomas Wilson's Estate Bill, which had for its
object the enclosure of Hampstead Heath, was thrown
out of the House of Lords, on the second reading, by a
majority of 23 against 7–On the 10th, the Archbishop
of Canterbury brought in a Bill for facilitating the
Composition of Tithes in England and Wales.—On the
11th, Lord Teynham moved a series of resolutions for
the repeal of the Poor Laws, and for the introduction
of a men system, by which the impotent poor, only,
should be provided for;-and that, out of the county
rates”. On the 14th, Sir James Graham's motion for
an account of all salaries and emoluments enjoyed by
the Members of the Privy Council, was negatived by
231 against 147–On the 18th, the Administration of
Justice Bill went through a Committee, and a resolution
for granting 5000l. a year, each, to three additional
judges, was agreed to.—On the 20th, the Attorney-
General introduced a Bill to repeal so much of the Law


* This impotent (impudent?) attempt to deprive the poor people of England of
their, now, only patrimony, was too gross to be countenanced by the Peers; and con-
sequently withdrawn. Their Lordships are entitled to much praise, in the present
instance, as well as in that of the Hampstead Heath Enclosure Bill, for standing
as a barrier between the people of England and those who would so recklessly
plunder them of their just and legal rights.
744 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
of Libel, as inflicted banishment for the second offence;
and that instead thereof, the proprietors, &c. of news-
papers should give an increased security for costs and
damages, in case of conviction.—On the 24th, a message
was delivered to the Lords from his Majesty, announcing
his severe illness, and “the inconvenience of signing
public instruments with his own hand; also trusting
that the House would provide for the temporary dis-
charge of that function of the Crown.”—The Duke of
Wellington proposed an address of condolence and ac-
quiescence; which was agreed to.—A similar address
was presented by the Commons. On the same day,
notification of the refusal of Prince Leopold of Saxe
Cobourg to accept the Sovereignty of Greece, was made
to both Houses.—In the Commons, Mr. Brougham pre-
sented a petition signed by 735 bankers, against in-
flicting the punishment of death for forgery; and in a
Committee on the Bill for amending the law relative to
that crime, Sir James Mackintosh moved the sub-
stitution of transportation and solitary confinement, for
the punishment of death: on a division there were 113
for the amendment; against it, 128.—On the 25th,
Mr. Lennard moved for leave to bring in a Bill to re-
peal so much of the 7th Geo. II. as related to the
licensing of dramatic entertainments; which was ne-
gatived without a division.—On the same evening, a
motion by Mr. Labouchere, “that the Judges and
Members of the Legislative Council of Canada should
not hold offices at the pleasure of the Crown,” was ne-
gatived by 153 votes against 94.—On the 28th, a
motion by Mr. O'Connell for leave to bring in a Bill
for the radical reform of abuses in the representation of
the people in the Commons' House of Parliament, was
negatived by 319 against 13; and one by Lord John
Russell, “that it was expedient to extend the basis of
the representation of the people,” was lost by a majority
of 213 over 117–On June 3d, Dr. Phillimore moved
for an inquiry into the Law of Divorce, with the view
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 745
When chosen.
of lessening its expense and difficulty: there were for
the motion, 45; against it, 100.-On the same day, a
motion by Mr. Sadler, for the introduction of Poor Laws
into Ireland, was negatived without a division.—On
the 7th, the Forgery Bill was read a third time; when
Sir James Mackintosh moved the insertion of a clause,
repealing the penalty of death, in all cases except that
of the forgery of wills; which was agreed to by 151
against 138–On the 8th, a motion by Mr. Attwood,
for declaring it expedient to repeal the Currency Acts,
and to permit the issue of small notes, was negatived
without a division.—On the 10th, a motion by Mr.
O'Connell, for doing away with the vestry-assessments
for building and repairing churches and chapels in
Ireland, was negatived by 141 against 17–On the 14th,
the Marquess of Chandos' motion, declaring that the
existing duty of 27s. per cwt. on West India sugar was
inconsistent with a due regard to the distressed state
of the colonists, and injurious to the general interests,
was negatived by 102 against 23: upon which, the
Chancellor of the Exchequer proposed a graduated scale
of duties on sugars, and the equalization of those on
English, Scottish, and Irish spirits (viz. the additional
duty of 6d. per gallon on each), which was agreed to on
the 21st, after strong opposition by Mr. C. Grant, as
regarded sugar".


GULLIELMO QUARTO, REGNANTE.
On June 26th, the death of his Majesty George the Fourth
was announced to both Houses, and new oaths of alle-
giance were taken to his brother, William the Fourth.
On the 29th, messages were delivered from the new
sovereign, recommending the despatch of business, and
announcing the intended dissolution of Parliament;
* On the 30th, this graduated scale was abandoned, and a duty was substituted of
24s. per cwt. on W. India, and 32s. on E. India, sugar;-an amendment by the
Marquess of Chandos, for reducing that on W. I. sugar to 20s, being negatived by
a majority of 88 over 36.
5 c
746 SPEAKERS, &c, OF THE
When chosen.
upon which, addresses of condolence and congratulation ,
were passed by both Houses.—On July 1st, in a Com-
mittee of the Lords, on the forgery law amendment Bill,
the Lord Chancellor (Baron Lyndhurst), moved for the
re-insertion of the clause enacting the punishment of
death, instead of that adopted by the Commons on the
motion of Sir James Mackintosh; which was agreed to
on a division; there being 77 against 20,—On the 6th,
in a Committee of the Commons on the libel-law amend-
ment Bill, Lord Morpeth moved that the clause increasing
the security to be given by London newspaper—pub-
lishers (from 200l. to 300l.), should be omitted: on a
division, there were 27 against 21, in favour of this
amendment;-but, on the third reading of the Bill
(July 9th) the clause was restored by a majority of 68
over 46; and the Bill passed.—On the 13th, Mr.
Brougham moved a resolution “that the Commons would,
early newt session, take into its most serious consideration
the state of slavery in the colonies, with the view of
mitigating, and finally abolishing the same; and more
especially with the view of amending the administration
of justice in the said colonies".” After a lengthened
discussion, there was, on a division, a majority of 56
over 27, against the resolution.—On the 20th, the
Forgeries Punishment Bill was returned to the Com-

* With all due deference to this eminent lawyer and truly learned and great
man, the author presumes to says that the above resolution, though prompted by the
wisest consideration for the welfare of humanity, was, after all, a very great bull:
—did not Mr. Brougham know that there could be no “neart session” to a Parlia-
ment—during the sitting of which, the sovereign had died?—and had not his present
Majesty, a few days before the above resolution, urged the despatch of business on
account of an approaching dissolution ?–Mr. B. must, therefore, have either con-
sidered it as certain, that the existing members of the House of Commons would be
re-elected, to a man, to serve in the ensuing Parliament,-which, as he must know,
would have been a most unconstitutional supposition,--or he must have forgotten
the fact that a new House of Commons cannot be, and never considers itself, bound
by any resolution of a former House;—except as regards the Standing Orders for its
internal regulation.—Indeed, it is a question whether such a resolution would have
been binding, even in the House of Peers; where no change of members, on a large
scale, can possibly take place. Wherefore, even, if the above resolution had not
been negatived, it would have proved a nullity; and, in any case, Mr. Brougham
was guilty of a bull.—Q. E. D.—He ought to have got Mr. O'Connell to have
moved the resolution.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
747
When chosen.
mons, for the purpose of the amendment by the Lords
(viz. the restoration of the clause enacting the punish-
ment of death) being reconsidered and restored:—this
was agreed to on a division of 67 against 28.—On the
23d, after the Royal Assent had been given to several
Bills, his Majesty delivered a speech to both Houses,
thanking them for their sympathy and affection; and
assuring them, “ that he mould constantly endeavour to
promote the happiness of his people.”—Having among
other things expressed his satisfaction at the diminution
which had taken place in the expenditure, and at the
relief afforded by the repeal of some of the taxes, he
assured them of the prudent and economical administra-
tion of the supplies granted.—His Majesty also thanked
his faithful Lords and Commons for the reforms which
they had introduced into the judicial establishments of
the country, and for having removed the civil dis-
qualifications which had affected numerous classes of
the people; and he earnestly hoped that all animosities
which had prevailed, on account of religious distinctions,
might be for ever forgotten.—The Lord Chancellor then
declared the Parliament to be prorogued to the 24th ;
when it was dissolved by proclamation.—Acts were
passed in 1830,-for relieving parishes from the ex-
pense of maintaining the wives and families of con-
victed and impressed smugglers;–for reducing the
4 per cent. Bank Annuities;–for repealing the duties
on leather;-for altering and amending the Excise
laws on malt;-for the general lighting and watching,
&c. of parishes in England and Wales;–for taking an
account of the population;–for amending the law
regarding commitments for contempt, and the taking
bills pro confesso, by Courts of Equity;--to prevent
the importation of arms and ammunition into Ireland,
without licence from the Lord-Lieutenant;-to lessen
the duties on beer and cyder;-to regulate the fees in
Courts of Common Law;-to permit the general sale of
beer and cyder, by retail, in England;—“for amending


748 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
the laws relative to forgery; and for reducing into one
Act all such forgeries as shall henceforth be punishable
with death;"—for the more effectual administration of
justice in England and Wales;–to repeal certain parts
of the Libel Laws (60th Geo. III., c. 8 and 9) as re-
gards banishment for the second offence; and to pro-
vide a further remedy against the abuse of publishing
libels;–to raise 12,000,000l. by Exchequer bills, “for
the payment of such holders of 4 per cent. stock, as
have signified their dissent to the transfer into those
bearing interest at 34 or 5 per cent.;”—to extend the
powers of grand juries in relation to fever hospitals in
Ireland;—for facilitating criminal trials in Scotland;
—to amend the transportation Act; and for the punish-
ment of offences by transported convicts;–for subjecting
goods, the property of the Crown, to custom duties, in
case of sale, after importation;–for imposing an addi-
tional duty of 6d. per gallon on spirits, the produce of
British possessions in America;-for the further encou-
ragement of British and Irish fisheries;–for raising
13,607,000l. by Exchequer Bills, for the service of
1830;-for uniting the benefits of jury trial, in civil
causes, with the ordinary jurisdiction of the Court of
Session in Scotland;—and to prevent bribery and cor-
ruption in the election of burgesses for East Retford.—
The public Acts passed this Session were in number 75:
—the private ones were 208-The public revenue for
1830 amounted to 50,786,6821–Bank of England
notes and Exchequer bills in circulation, 20,620,417l.:
Country bank notes, 2,795,976l.
The Rt. Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, chosen the fifth time,
Oct. 26 - - - - -
The new Parliament was opened by Commission; and
on the 2d day of November, the King took his seat
on the throne, and delivered his speech in person.
After touching upon the revolutionized state of France,
and our foreign relations generally, his Majesty “re-
commended the two Houses to provide a Regency in

. 1830
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
749
When chosen.
case of a demise of the Crown: he also recommended
economy to the Commons, and placed at their disposal
the hereditary revenues of the Crown; relying on them
to provide for the support of the civil government, and
the honour and dignity of the Crown. He lamented
the destruction of property by fire, and the breaking
of machinery in some districts; as well as the efforts
made to excite discontent and disaffection among the
people of Ireland, by urging a repeal of the Union;
and avowed his determination to use all legal means to
punish sedition and suppress outrage.” His Majesty
also “expressed satisfaction at the loyalty of the great
body of the people, and at the happiness they enjoyed
from the continuance of peace, commercial prosperity,
and the enjoyment of true liberty;-declaring it to
be his great object to preserve all these unimpaired,
and relying for assistance on the wisdom of Parliament
and the cordial support of the people.” Although the
Address was agreed to by the Lords without a division,
Earl Grey urged the necessity of an immediate Reform
of Parliament; but the Duke of Wellington denying
that there nas any such necessity, asserted “ that the
legislature deserved, and possessed, the confidence of the
country, that it (the legislature) could not be improved,
—and, that he was determined to oppose any measure
for that purpose, if brought formard.”—In the Com-
mons, Mr. Brougham gave notice that he would, on
that day fortnight, submit to the House a proposition
on the great question of Parliamentary Reform.—On
the 4th, Mr. C. Watkin W. Wynn introduced a Bill
to repeal certain Acts requiring Members to take the
Oath of Abjuration, and other Oaths, at the commence-
ment of every Parliament.—On the 5th, a Bill for the
more effectual Administration of Justice in Ireland
(similar to one passed last session in England) was
introduced by Mr. Doherty.—On the 8th, Baron Ten-
terden moved the first reading of five Bills in the Lords,
for the better regulation of Courts of Law; (founded on
the report of the Commissioners appointed to inquire

750 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
into the state of the Common Law), which was agreed
to.—Considerable discussion took place, the same day,
respecting the intended abandonment of the King's visit
to the City:-the Duke of Wellington contended that
such was the only way of avoiding the tumult and blood-
shed which the communication of the Lord Mayor elect,
and other documents, proved, would be the consequence
of that visit *; but the Duke of Richmond, Earl Grey,
and others contended that the measure had been un-
called for ;—that it had needlessly excited apprehension
and alarm; that it had produced an extraordinary de-
pression in the Public Funds; and was likely to pro-



* The ground upon which the Duke of Wellington and his colleagues supposed
(if they did suppose) that their accompaniment of the King into the city would have
been attended by tumult and bloodshed, was his Grace's unequivocal declaration in the
House of Lords, againstall, or any, Reform of the House of Commons. He certainly
thus afforded great cause of personal dislike from all honest men; but it is very
questionable whether the people of London and Westminster would have taken the
trouble to assassinate either him or his friend Sir Robert Peel.—These Ministers
might certainly have been saluted with a few hisses and groans, in their progress
from St. James's to the City Guildhall; but the London mechanics, &c. had not
eaactly been wound up to that pitch of blood-thirstiness imputed to them : –indeed
no class was more surprised at the ministerial coyness and coquetry displayed on this
occasion,-and at the imputation cast upon themselves, than what is usually styled
the “rabble” of the metropolis:—they would have tucked up their aprons and have
gone to see the show; and they would have cried “William and Adelaide, and
Reform for ever !”—“Wellington and Waterloo be !” and “ Down with
Peel and his blue-bottles "-but with these and similar stentorian exertions, would
have evaporated all the public spirit and patriotism, all the gall and bitterness,
of the good people of London.—Really, the ministers made themselves of too much
consequence.—But, how are we to account for all the fuss that was made on the
occasion of His Majesty going to dine with the Lord Mayor and his other city
lieges—a thing that has often been done without “bloodshed,” by Kings and
Queens of England 2–perhaps the following solution of this problem may be some-
thing near the mark–Great discontent had prevailed for some time throughout the
rural and other districts, from want of work and low wages:—the starving labourers
congregated in masses, and broke those machines, the use of which was one means
of depriving them of bread:—they demanded, and by threats obtained, wages suf-
ficient to keep soul and body together: and when refused, they burnt hay and corn
stacks, barns, and farm-houses. This state of things made the ministry uneasy;
and they, finding that all their exertions were insufficient to stop the devastating pro-
gress of Mr. Swing, resolved to resign the helm (at least for a time) to those who
were more likely to steer the vessel safely, than themselves:—their declarations of
opposition to Reform of the Commons' House of Parliament, their feigned appre-
hensions of “bloodshed,” &c., on the King's city visit, and the majority against
them on the motion of Sir H. Parnell, a few days afterwards,-were, doubtless,
pretexts for deserting, for a brief space, the sweets of office, of power, and of
patronage.—These moves on the national board appear, however, to have been in-
judiciously made:–the Tories have certainly lost the game; and, thank God!
the Reformers are likely to win it.





HOUSE OF COMMONS. 75.1
When chosen.
duce further mischief. A similar discussion took place
in the Commons, the same evening.—On the 11th,
Mr. O'Connell's motion for leave to bring in a Bill to
repeal the Irish Sub-letting Act, was negatived on Sir
H. Hardinge, Secretary for Ireland, declaring his in-
tention of bringing in a Bill to remedy the defects of
that Act".-On the motion of Mr. Spring Rice, the -
same day, a Select Committee was appointed to take
into consideration the state of the poor of Ireland, with
the view of ameliorating their condition.—On the 15th,
the Lord Chancellor introduced a Bill, appointing the
Duchess of Kent, Regent, and guardian of her daughter,
the Princess Victoria, in case of her succeeding to the
Crown during her minority.—On the same day, in the
Commons, Sir Henry Parnell, according to notice in a
Committee of the House, on the Civil List, (Nov. 12th),
moved for the appointment of a Select Committee;
which motion, after considerable debate, was carried
against Ministers, by a majority of 233 over 204.—
On the 16th, the Duke of Wellington announced that
in consequence of the division in the Commons, on the
previous evening, ministers had tendered their resig-
nation, which had been accepted; and that they only
held their offices until successors should be appointed:—
Sir R. Peel, the same day, made a similar announce-
ment in the House of Commons.—On the 19th, leave
was given to Lord Nugent to bring in a Bill for the
better providing of employment for the labouring poor,
at fair and adequate wages.—On the 22d, the Right
Hon. Henry Brougham having taken his seat in the
Lords, as Lord Chancellor, and a number of petitions in
favour of Parliamentary Reform having been presented,
the Marquess of Lansdowne and Earl Grey took occasion
to declare the principles upon which they, and the other
members of the new administration, had accepted office.—
On the 25th, Mr. O'Connell obtained leave to bring in
* The very next day, Sir Henry introduced Bills to explain and amend the Irish
Sub-letting Act, and for taking an account of the population of Ireland.
752 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
a Bill for better securing the charitable bequests of
Roman Catholics.-On the 29th, Lord Wynford ad-
verted to the disturbed state of the country, in the
House of Lords; and recommended the grant of ad-
ditional powers to the magistracy; to which Earl Grey
and the Lord Chancellor (Baron Brougham and Vaux)
replied, that even in the most disturbed parts of the
country, the powers which the magistrates already pos-
sessed, would, if properly exerted, be found sufficient
for every useful purpose *.—On the same day, the
Marquess of Salisbury obtained the appointment of a
Select Committee of the Lords, to consider the state of
the poor-laws, and to report thereon.—On Dec. 2d, the
Lord Chancellor introduced a Bill for establishing Courts
of Local Judicature, for the purpose of better adminis-
tering justice in civil causes, and lessening their expense.
—In the Commons, the same day, a Bill for permitting
Protestant Dissenters to hold office without receiving
the Sacrament, was introduced by Mr. North-On the
7th, the Marquess of Chandos' Bill for legalizing the
Sale of Game, was read a second time in the Commons.
–On the 9th, Sir John Newport moved a series of
resolutions detailing the abuses of the Grand Jury
System in Ireland, and pledging the House of Commons
to an early examination and correction thereof:-these
were eventually withdrawn, in consequence of the Chan-
cellor of the Exchequer declaring the willingness of the
government to take the subject into their immediate
consideration.—On the motion of the Chancellor of the
Exchequer, the same evening, a Select Committee was
appointed to inquire what reductions could be made in
the salaries and emoluments of offices held during the
pleasure of the Crown, by members of either House of
Parliament; and to report their opinions and observations

* On this occasion, Lord Brougham recommended to the Lords Lieutenant of
counties the propriety of putting into the Commission of the Peace persons distin-
guished for their activity and judgment, and otherwise fully qualified;—stating,
that many such were, to his knowledge, at present omitted.

HOUSE OF COMMONS.
753.
When chosen.
thereupon–On the 14th, after a division of 167 against
27, leave was given to Mr. Littleton to introduce a Bill
to consolidate and amend the laws prohibiting the pay-
ment of wages in goods:–the mover and others con-
tended, that great evils were inflicted on the working
classes, wherever the “truck system” was adopted—
On the 16th, the Marquess of Chandos moved to suspend
the issuing of a writ for the Borough of Evesham, and
that the same be disfranchised;—the two Members for
the said Borough having been ousted by a Committee,
on account of general bribery and corruption: the
motion was supported by the late ministers; but ob-
jected to by the present ones, on the ground of irregu-
larity; because the Committee had not reported against
the Borough, and because the proposed reform would
be ineffective:–the latter, however, not wishing to
oppose Reform in any shape, the motion was carried.—
The same evening, Mr. Campbell obtained leave to
bring in a Bill for establishing a General Register for
Deeds—On the 21st, Lord Wynford introduced a Bill
to prevent Debtors from defrauding their Creditors, by
lying in prison, or absconding from England.—On
the 23d, Mr. Guest moved for a copy of the warrant
granting a pension to a Mrs. Harriette Arbuthnot, in
a speech in which he descanted on the extravagance of
the Civil-List pensions under the late ministry;-and
Mr. O'Gorman Mahon moved for a return of the ma-
gistracy of Ireland:—both these motions were agreed
to by the Commons, and Parliament adjourned till
after Christmas.-On the 3d of February, 1831, Earl
Grey announced that the ministry had prepared a plan
of Parliamentary Reform —the same notice was given
to the Commons by the Chancellor of the Exchequer
(Lord Althorpe), who said that the plan would be sub-
mitted to that House on the 1st of March.-On the
4th, the Chancellor of the Exchequer presented the
estimates for the Civil-List, “in which he had omitted
all charges not connected with the personal comforts of
...) I)

754 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
his Majesty, and the dignity of the Crown”.”—On the
8th, Mr. Hunt moved for an Address to his Majesty to
grant a general pardon to those who had been convicted
by the late Special Commission: but, after a long dis-
cussion as to the nature and circumstances of the late
riots, the motion was negatived by 209 to 2.-The
same day, there was a long debate on the state of
Ireland, on Mr. O'Gorman Mahon moving for copies of
the Proclamations of the Lord Lieutenant for suppressing
political meetings.-On the 11th, the Chancellor of the
Exchequer introduced his Budget for the yeart.—On
the 13th, Mr. Waithman moved a series of resolutions
respecting the impolicy of the Free-trade system; which,
however, were negatived, after a long discussion.—On
the motion of Lord Althorpe, the same day, a Committee
was appointed to inquire into the expenditure upon the
works at Windsor Castle and Buckingham Palace #:—
he also brought in a Bill to amend the Game Laws—
On the 16th, Mr. Briscoe obtained leave to bring in a
Bill to amend the Poor Laws.-On the 17th, a Com-
mittee was appointed, on the motion of Sir H. Parnell,
to investigate the Public Accounts, and to inquire what
improvements could be made in keeping the same—
On the 18th, the Marquess of Chandos brought a Bill
* He had restricted the Pension List, in future, to 75,000l.:—the whole amount
was 510,000l. per annum, instead of 970,000l., as proposed by the late ministry:-
the remaining 460,000l. were placed under the control of Parliament; with a pro-
spect of the ultimate saving of nearly 70,000l. per annum, on the pensions, alone.
+ On this occasion, his Lordship announced the intention of ministers to abolish
210 places; many of which, however, could only be done by Bill, and would there-
fore take some time to accomplish. In his financial plan, he proposed to reduce the
duties on tobacco, newspapers and advertisements, and to abolish those on coals,
candles, printed cottons, and glass, besides several miscellaneous taxes which
occasioned much inconvenience to the public, and produced only 2000l. a year to
the government. The relief to be afforded to the public would be about 4,080,000l.:
—and to supply part of the deficiency occasioned by this remission, he proposed an
equalization of the duties on wine; an alteration of those on timber; an imposition
of a penny per pound on cotton imported; a tax on passengers by steam-boats; and
one on the transfer of funded property. The latter two taxes were strenuously opposed
and subsequently abandoned; in consequence of which, the duties on tobacco and
glass were retained.
# The expenditure on these works, as well as the excess of it over the estimates,
had long been the ground of general complaint-

HOUSE OF COMMONS. 755
- When chosen.
into the Commons to disfranchise the Borough of
Evesham, and to transfer the franchise to Birmingham *.
The same day, Mr. D. Browne took occasion to repre-
sent to the House the famished state of Ireland; which
was confirmed by many other Members, and allowed
by the Ministers, who declared their anxiety to afford
whatever relief might be in their powert.-On the
21st, Lord Strangford, in moving for certain papers
illustrative of our commercial relations with Portugal,
complained that the Ministry behaved unjustly to that
country, in lowering the duties on French wines: he
also urged the propriety of acknowledging Don Miguel
as king. After debate on the general policy of this
country in regard to Portugal, the production of certain
documents connected therewith was agreed to by the
Lords.-On the same day, the Army Estimates being
brought forward, the Commons provided for an increase
in the army of 7000 men.—On the 22d, the Lord Chan-
cellor introduced his Bill for the regulation of the Court
of Chancery:—and Lord Howick brought into the Com-
mons a Bill “to facilitate the emigration of the unem-
ployed poor, by enabling parishes to mortgage the Poor-
rates in order to raise funds to transport them to the
British colonies.”—On the 25th, the Lord Chancellor’s
Bill for establishing a new Court of Bankruptcy was,
after some opposition by the late Chancellor, read the
first time in the Lords.-On the 1st of March, Lord
John Russell introduced the promised ministerial plan
of Reform; the debate on which occupied the Commons
during seven days, viz. until the 9th, when leave was
given to bring in three Bills for Reform of the Repre-

* He proposed to establish the corruption by witnesses whom he wished to summon
for the 28th of February: this was objected to, on the ground of its interference
with the ministerial plan of Reform ; but, after a long debate, the witnesses were
ordered to attend on the 7th of March.
On April 13th, Mr. O'Brien moved for the production of a memorial sent by
the Grand Jury of Clare to the Irish Government, in order to bring before the
House of Commons the distressed condition of that and other counties in Ireland.
Mr. Stanley admitted the truth of the statement, and declared that every effort
should be made by Government to afford relief,
756 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
sentation of England, Scotland, and Ireland.—On the
10th, Mr. Warburton brought forward a Bill, pro-
hibiting the growth of tobacco in Ireland.—On the
21st and 22d, after a long debate, the second reading
of the Reform Bill was carried in the Commons by a
majority of 302 to 301,–On the 24th, the Bill for
amending the Representation of Ireland was introduced
by Mr. Stanley—On April 12th, the Truck Bill,
enacting that wages be paid in money, being considered
in Committee, Mr. Hume strenuously opposed its prin-
ciple, and moved “ that the Chairman do leave the
chair;”—which was negatived by 40 against 15:—the
Bill was then ordered to be reported.—On the 14th,
Mr. Campbell brought in Bills for amending the laws
relating to inheritance and descent, dowries, fines, re-
coveries, and the limitations of rights.-On the 15th, a
resolution was agreed to, in a Committee of the whole
House of Commons, granting a dower of 100,000l. per
annum to the Queen, in case of her surviving his
Majesty; and appointing Bushy-park and Marlborough-
house for her residence.—On the 18th, Lord John
Russell moved that the Commons resolve themselves
into a Committee on the Reform Bill; but General
Gascoyne moved a resolution, “that, in the opinion of
the House, the number of representatives for England
and Wales ought not to be diminished:” this amend-
ment, after being debated for two nights, was carried
against ministers by 299 to 291.-On the 22d, the
Commons having been summoned to the House of
Lords, and the Royal Assent having been given to
several Bills, the King dissolved the Parliament by a
Speech, wherein he stated “ that the present measure
was taken, in order to ascertain the sense of his people
respecting the proposed alteration in the Representa-
tion.”—Acts were passed during this Session,--to pro-
vide for the Government in case the Crown should
descend, during her minority, to her Royal Highness
the Princess Alexandrina Victoria;-to unite the Post
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 757
When chosen.
Offices of Great Britain and Ireland;— to repeal the
excise and other duties on printed calicoes, &c.;—to
amend the poor-laws, as regards hired servants;–to
ascertain the population of Ireland;—to regulate the
trade of British possessions abroad;—for the better
support of his Majesty's household, &c.;-besides five
Bills for the better Administration of Justice in the Civil
Courts, viz., The Witnesses' Examination Bill, The
Judgment and Execution Bill, The Arbitration Bill,
The Interpleader Bill, and The Prohibition and Man-
damus Bill.
The Rt. Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, chosen a sixth time,
June 14 . - - - - - - - . 1831
On the 21st, his Majesty, after announcing the relation
in which he stood to foreign nations, &c. recommended
to the consideration of Parliament the expediency of a
Reform in the Representation. He stated that the
recent reduction of taxation had been attended by be-
neficial results; but lamented the distress which pre-
vailed in Ireland, the relief of which had been attempted
by such means as were available; but he advised the
adoption of permanent measures to prevent the recur-
rence of such evils. He concluded by noticing the dis-
turbances in England and Ireland; and congratulated
the two Houses that these had been repressed by the
vigorous execution of the laws.-On the 24th, the Arch-
bishop of Canterbury introduced Bills into the Lords
for facilitating composition for tithes;–for regulating
and restraining the holding of pluralities;–and con-
firming augmentations made to small vicarages and
curacies—The same day, the Earl of Eldon brought in
a Bill relating to Scottish divorces of English marriages;
—and Lord John Russell brought in his Bill for re-
forming the Commons' House of Parliament.—On the
28th, Lord Wharncliffe introduced a Bill into the Lords,
prohibiting the payment of wages in goods; which was
similar to Mr. Littleton's Truck Bill, brought into the
last Parliament.—On the same day, Mr. Weyland
7.58 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
brought a Bill into the Commons, “to prevent the
Settlement of the Poor in parishes, by being hired as
servants.”—On the 30th, Lord Wynford introduced a
Bill into the Lords, for preventing frauds upon Cre-
ditors; also a Bill for diminishing the expense, and
preventing the delay, of suits in Common Law.—On
the same day, Mr. Campbell obtained leave to bring in
Bills for the general Registry of Deeds; and for im-
provements in the laws respecting real property.—
The Irish Reform Bill was brought forward by Mr.
Stanley; and the Chancellor of the Exchequer intro-
duced a Bill for amending the Game Laws-On the 1st
of July, the Reform Bill for Scotland was introduced
into the Commons by the Lord Advocate.—On the
4th, a Bill for creating Lords Lieutenants of Counties
in Ireland, was read a second time in the Lords.-On
the same day, there was a debate in the Commons,
on the second reading of the Reform Bill:—it lasted
during three days, and on a division there were 367 for
it, and 251 against it.—On the 11th, in a Committee of
the whole House of Commons, on the Customs Duty
Acts, the resolution proposed by the Chancellor of the
Exchequer for equalizing the Duties on Wines, was
carried by 259 against 157.-On the 12th, on the
motion that the Reform Bill be considered in a Com-
mittee of the Commons, a very protracted debate took
place; and, in the attempt to prevent the same being
committed, by moving an adjournment, the House was
divided seven times. Ultimately the Bill was committed
pro forma-On the 15th, the Bankruptcy Court Bill
was read a first time in the Lords.-On the 18th, Earl
Grey announced that Prince Leopold of Saxe Cobourg
had accepted the crown of Belgium, and had relinquished
the pension of 50,000l. per annum assigned to him on
his marriage with the Princess Charlotte of Wales.—
On Aug. 2d, the King, in a message to the Commons,
recommended a provision to be made for the education
and support of the Princess Victoria of Kent; and on .
HOUSE OF COMMONS,
9
7
4)
*-
When chosen.
the following day an augmentation of 10,000l. a year
was voted to the Duchess of Kent for that purpose.—
On the 16th, a motion by Colonel Evans for an Address
to the King in favour of the Polish nation in arms
against Russia, was negatived in the Commons, without
a division.—On the 23d, the Bill for preventing frauds
on Creditors, introduced by Lord Wynford, was thrown
out by the Lords, on the third reading.—On the same
day, Mr. R. Gordon brought before the Commons the
subject of the Report of the Committee on the late
Dublin Election; when a series of resolutions were
carried, declaratory of the condemnation by the House
of the system of bribery and corruption practised on
that occasion.—On the 29th, a resolution proposed by
Mr. Sadler, “that it is expedient to institute Poor-Laws
in Ireland,” was negatived after a long debate in the
Commons.—On Sept. 7th, the Reform Bill for England
and Wales passed through the Committee:—it was then
ordered to be printed, and the Report to be brought up
on the 13th ;—having occupied the House almost with-
out intermission since the 13th of July:-the Report was
discussed on the 14th and 15th, and ordered to be re-
ceived.—On the 19th, the Bill itself was read the third
time; and, on the motion “that it be now passed,” a
debate arose which was continued on the 20th and 21st;
after which it was carried in the affirmative by 349
against 236.-On the 23d, after a long debate, the
second reading of the Scottish Reform Bill was carried
by a majority of 209 over 94.—On the 27th, Colonel
Evans moved for a Committee to inquire into the case of
Mr. and Mrs. Deacle, respecting whom many petitions
had been presented to the Commons; alleging magisterial
oppression towards these persons. This motion, though
supported by Messrs. A. and F. Baring, was negalived
by 78 against 31, on the ground that the House of
Commons was not the proper place to investigate such
a subject—On the 28th, the Lord Chancellor brought
a Bill into the Lords, “for rendering the administration
760 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
When chosen.
of justice in the Court of Chancery more expeditious:”
—it was read the first time—On the 29th, Mr. Stanley
brought in a Bill for regulating the Grand Juries of
Ireland.—On the 30th, the Lords' amendment on the
Game Bill was agreed to by the Commons.—On the
3d of October, Earl Grey, in a long and luminous
speech, moved that the Reform Bill be read a second
time by the Lords; on which Lord Wharncliffe moved
as an amendment, “that it be rejected,” which occa-
sioning considerable debate and irritation, he afterwards
obtained leave of the House to alter it into, -“ that it be
read this day six months.”—The subject was debated,
by repeated adjournments, until half past six o'clock of
Saturday morning, October 8th; when, upon a division,
there were 199 for Lord Wharncliffe's amendment;-
against it, 158:—the Reform Bill was thus rejected by
a majority of 41 Members of the House of Peers!—On
the 4th, the Scottish Reform Bill was considered in
Committee, and divisions on some of the clauses were
carried by large majorities in favour of the ministry.—
On the 10th, Lord Ebrington moved a resolution of the
Commons, “lamenting the rejection of the Reform Bill
by the Lords; and expressing the unabated and entire
conſidence of the House in the integrity and ability of
the ministry:”—this motion, after considerable dis-
cussion, was carried by a majority of 329 over 198.-
On the 11th, after some discussion, Mr. Sadler obtained
leave to bring in a Bill for bettering the condition of
the Poor.—On the 12th, a warm debate took place in
the Commons respecting certain political meetings
and processions of the people of the metropolis to ad-
dress the King, praying him to retain the present
ministry, which had taken place on the previous day;
—also respecting certain letters which had been written
by Lords Althorpe and John Russell, in reply to votes
of thanks to them from a meeting of 150,000 of the in-
habitants of Birmingham and its neighbourhood.—On
the same evening, Mr. Vernon moved the issuing of a
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 76 |
writ for the election of a Member for Liverpool; which was agreed
to, on a division of 93 against 67-On the 18th, the Bankruptcy
Court Bill was read a third time in the Commons, and passed. On
the next day, certain amendments made to it by the Commons were
agreed to by the Lords.-The Vestries Bill, also, was read a third
time and passed by their Lordships.-On the 20th, his Majesty
attended, in person, to prorogue the Parliament; and the Commons
having been summoned to the House of Lords, he stated his satis-
faction in confirming Bills for the amendment of the Game Laws
and for the reduction of certain Taxes:—he also observed with
pleasure the commencement of important improvements in the Law
of Bankruptcy. After adverting to his relations with foreign States,
he thanked the Commons for the provision made for the Queen; as
well as for the Supplies for the year, “which,” he said, “should
be administered with every attention to economy.”—Having stated
that the important question of a Constitutional Reform of the Com-
mons' House of Parliament would necessarily be again submitted to
their consideration, at the opening of the ensuing session, he said,
“that his desire remained unaltered to promote its settlement, by
such improvements in the Representation as might be found necessary
for securing to the people the full enjoyment of their rights; which,
in combination with those of the other Orders of the state, were
essential to the support of our free constitution.”—The Lord Chan-
cellor then declared the Parliament to be prorogued to the 22d of
November.—Acts were passed, during this session, to make provision
of 100,000l. per annum, &c. for supporting the royal dignity of the
Queen, in case she should survive his Majesty;-to prohibit the
growth of Tobacco in Ireland;—to continue all the Turnpike Acts
which would have expired at the end of the session;–to provide for
the better order and government of Ireland, by creating Lords-
Lieutenants of the several counties, &c.;-to repeal the duties on
candles;–for granting 10,000l. a year to the Duchess of Kent and
the Princess Victoria;-to equalize the duties on wine;—to amend
the Game Laws in England, so as to authorise the sale of Game,
&c.; – to authorise the issue of 500,000l. in Exchequer Bills for
public works in Ireland;—to prohibit the payment of wages in
goods, or otherwise than in the current coin of the realm;—for the
regulation of Cotton Factories;—to enable overseers of parishes to
hire land for the employment of the poor;-to prevent and punish
5 E
7.62 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
tumultuous risings of the people in Ireland;—to prevent improper
persons from having arms in Ireland;—to limit distillation in Ire-
land;—to establish a Court of Bankruptcy in England, instead of
the examination, &c. by Commissioners, as recently practised;—for
the enclosure of Crown Lands near parishes, by overseers, for cul-
tivation by the poor;-for the better regulation of Parish Vestries
in England and Wales;–for substituting Declarations instead of
Oaths, in the Customs and Excise departments;—for abolishing
certain oaths taken by members of the House of Commons;–for
improving the administration of justice in Ireland;—for continuing
the Commission of Inquiry concerning Charities in England and
Wales;–to empower landed proprietors in Ireland to embank and
remove obstructions in rivers;–and to regulate the vend and de-
livery of Coals in London, Westminster, &c.—The petitions for
Private Bills presented during this session amounted to 133;-115
of which Bills received the Royal Assent.—The public income for
the year ending Jan. 5th, 1831, amounted to 50,056,616l.:—the
unredeemed National Debt to 757,486,996l. :-outstanding Ex-
chequer Bills to 27,271,650l. ;—and Terminable Annuities to
3,297,375l. ;—total debt to 788,056,0211–Bank of England notes,
&c. in circulation about 20,000,000l.-Import of goods into the
united kingdom valued at 46,245,24ll.;-Exports, 69,691,302/.
In perusing the foregoing pages, the reader will have perceived
that, if multitudinous legislation be a blessing to any country,
Great Britain and Ireland have enjoyed the same, in a pre-eminent
degree; more particularly during the reigns of their latter sove-
reigns:–the Georges and their Septennial Parliaments have more
than quadrupled the size of our statute books—Indeed, the laws of
England,-independently of the ten thousand-and-one Commen-
taries, Abridgments, Digests, Abstracts, Precedents, Reports, and
Indices, which have been published for their explanation, illustra-
tion, and application,-are well entitled “STATUTEs AT LARGE ;”—
for they are larger than all other bodies of laws in the world put
together—How passing strange it is, therefore, that parliamentary
patience should continue to be tried by a daily and nightly addition
to the incongruous heap —How absurd, that the cranial cavities of
our judges, magistrates, and lawyers should be constantly teeming
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 763
with legal exceptions, amendments, abrogations, and new enact-
ments; and, that, to the exclusion of almost all other knowledge,
human or divine,—their cerebral fibres should be kept unintermit-
tingly on the stretch, for the mere purpose of watching the saltatory
movements, the capricious and motley changes, effected in the
“Establish Ed LAw of THE LAND,”, by the never-resting wand
of each successive ministerial harlequin l-But, above all, how
monstrous, that a people, enlightened on almost every other subject
of science and art, should appear to be so sunk in the abyss of
legislative absurdity, as patiently to submit to be for ever puzzled
and perplexed by the anomalous contradictions and conundrums of
Acts of Parliament;-which, without taking into account their
general Draco-like severity, contribute without ceasing to the
public annoyance, by their delay,+by their expense,_and by their
quibbling uncertainty l—How passing strange, we repeat, how
absurd, how monstrous it is, that all this should be the case,
when we know, that only a few miles from our coast, there is
another people, whose Criminal, Civil, Ecclesiastical, and Military
Laws are so defined as to meaning, so brief in expression, that all
can understand them, and every citizen can carry the National Code
in his pocket
But, to illustrate this subject, we cannot do better than tran-
scribe the following passage from that most excellent statistical
work, entitled the “Extraordinary Black Book,” lately published.
“One cause of the profuse, headlong, and inconsistent course
of British legislation,” says the author of the work in ques-
tion, “ has been the reckless facility with which Parliament has
multiplied laws on a given subject, when a general enactment
might have been framed adequate to the several occasions. Since
the beginning of last century, four thousand bills for the enclosures
of wastes in as many parishes have been passed, proving to demon-
stration the want of a general law on the subject; while, in the
whole of that time, not a step has been taken towards enacting such
a law, and so saving the community the prodigious waste of private
funds and public time consumed in the passing of so many different
statutes. The same observation applies to the innumerable acts
passed for lighting towns with gas, and for the purposes of police and
local improvements. Upwards of fifty acts have passed relative to
game; forty-eight relative to parliamentary elections; and seventy-
six indemnifying dissenters for not qualifying themselves for offices
764 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
and employments. There are many acts of a temporary and local
nature. No fewer than sixty acts have passed for the recovery of
small debts in different parts of the country, and fifty of them during
the last two reigns. There are some acts relative to the baking of
bread, and prohibiting the bakers from selling it unless it has been
baked twenty-four hours. About the packing of butter, there are
somewhere about a dozen different Acts; as though it were ne-
cessary to instruct people to pack butter by Act of Parliament. One
Act on this subject relates to the packing of butter at Malton, in
Yorkshire; another to the packing of butter in the city of York, a
few miles distant; and another on the same subject for Ireland.
Innumerable laws have been enacted relative to the woollen, linen,
and cotton manufactures; the whale, cod, herring, and pilchard
fisheries; cheese, lace, sugar, glass, and almost every article of wear or
consumption have been the objects of parliamentary regulation. The
whole of the statutes on wool amount to 987; on the subject of gold
and silver, to 290; on tobacco, to 460; on the fisheries, to 970; and
on a variety of other subjects in proportion. Relative to the poor,
there are 350 public Acts; besides 135 local Acts. By some of these
Acts, the poor are farmed out; by others flogged. Of these local
Acts, five passed in the reign of Geo. II. ; the remaining 130 in the
reigns of Geo. III. and IV. Besides the number of Acts, other
causes of the confusion and perplexity of the Statute-Book arise
from the immense number repealed and re-enacted, and then partly
repealed again, with a ‘so far as, and ‘so forth; also from the mass
of altering, amending, and explaining Acts: of Acts, for instance,
for “removing doubts,’ for “rectifying mistakes, for “relieving from
the provisions,’ for ‘deferring the commencement, for ‘facilitating
the execution;’—to say nothing of Acts of total repeal. No fewer
than 1874 Acts were repealed in the reigns of George II. and III. ;
419 in the former; and 1455 in the reign of the latter: which made
Lord Stanhope remark, ‘ that they had been passing Bills by waggon
loads, and repealing them by cart loads.”
“Some feeble efforts were made during the reign of George IV.
under the auspices of Sir R. Peel, to reduce the Statute-Law within
more reasonable limits. The Parliament which was dissolved in 1826,
repealed, modified, or consolidated upwards of 1000 statutes. One
Act, the 3d Geo. IV. c.41, repealed upwards of 200 statutes, or parts
of statutes, relative to the exports and imports of merchandize; to
the commerce of aliens and denizens, the gauging of wine, and other
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 765
mercantile regulations. The new Custom Laws consolidated 450
Acts of Parliament into one; the Jury Act, 30; the Bankrupt's
Act, 20; and the new Acts on larceny and forgery, of the last and
preceding sessions, have effected a considerable compression.—Still
the evil is of such magnitude that there is scarcely a perceptible
diminution in its amount.”
The author of the present work regrets that whilst quoting the
above passage, he is compelled to animadvert upon an error into
which the writers of the Black Book have fallen; and which, if he
did not correct, he might be the means of here perpetuating (as he
conceives), to the great detriment of the public at large.—In the
second sentence, the writers in question express their regret that a
general law has never been enacted for the enclosure of waste lands
in parishes; seeing that “since the beginning of the last century,
no less than 4000 Bills have been passed for the said purpose.”—
As it is plain that these gentlemen did not understand the subject
they were writing upon, and as it is a lamentable fact (from the
juggling tricks which have been played off on the people of England,
in regard to the transmutation of words from their true, ancient, and
legitimate meaning), that very few persons know any thing of the
matter, the present writer will endeavour, by a supposed parallel
case, to explain to his readers why it was that a “general Act”
could not very easily be passed for such “enclosures;”—the enforce-
ment of which, at all events, would have been attended with a
trifling inconvenience.—We will suppose that the Kings of England
and the two Houses of Parliament had, during the last century,
been amusing themselves in confiscating the estates and mansions
of no less than 4000 of the rich landholders, and gentry of England;
and that the writers of the Black Book lamented that the three
branches of the legislature had no more regard for their own time
or the people's money, than to be thus wasting both, piecemeal;-
when, by one sweeping Act, they might have confiscated the property
of ten times the number.—Will not every man allow that the passing
of such a general law would have been no easy matter;-and that,
even Parliament, with all its “omnipotence,” could not have enforced
its execution P-Certainly!—The forty thousand landholders would
have met and united to protect each other; and, perhaps, marching
towards Westminster Hall,—as the Norman Barons did to Runny-
mede,-they would have asked the legislators what they meant by
such mholesale robbery.—Far different, however, would have been
766 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
the result had such confiscatory Acts been passed, one at a time:–
the landholders would in that case have been easily overpowered,
and compelled to put up quietly with the loss of their lands; as the
poor janizaries of Constantinople, who a few years ago were en-
trapped by the late Sultan into the Castle of the Seven Towers, were
obliged to submit, singly, to the loss of their heads—Now, then, for the
application of the two cases:–the 4000 supposed confiscations would
have been no more nor less robberies, than were the “4000 en-
closures of maste land,” decreed by the above Acts:—these “waste"
lands were not waste lands; for they yielded grass, herbage, and
other provender for all the cattle, sheep, horses, asses, geese, turkeys,
and poultry, of all the people of each parish to which they be-
longed.—They were the CoMMON's LANds of the parishes of Eng-
land; and whilst they afforded every thing to the people but the
grain with which they made their bread, not the least use to them,
as was intended by their immortal distributor, Alfred, was, that
their ample surfaces should be the perpetual play-grounds of the
rising generation;–the May-day and other holiday scenes for the
diversion of the young men and maidens of the village;—and that
they should be the arenae on which the surrounding yeomanry (not
the Yeomandry Gavaltry, as Mr. Cobbett calls our present heroes)
were to practise those feats of arms which kept France and other
countries in awe, when Englishmen were ENGLISHMEN.—It was
a great piece of scoundrelism in the man who first called these
commons “Wastes;”—and no less so in those who have perpetuated
the freebooting delusion. This nickname, with the bit-by-bit manner
in which the parish lands have been enclosed, were the only things
which saved the bacon of the confiscators:–had a “general law”
been passed, at any period, for the enclosure of all the commons in
England, not a spark of life would have been left in the carcasses of
any of the spoliators, at the end of a month after its enactment.—
Wastes, indeed!—the authors of the Black Book ought to have
known that the only nastes in England, Scotland, and Ireland, are
the moors and uplands belonging to the King, the Nobility, and the
Gentry; which extensive tracks are useful for no earthly purpose
but for shooting and hunting wild animals:–and yet, when do we
hear of Acts of Parliament for the enclosure of any of these?—No,
no!—the great landholders have always been too good judges of
their own interests for that:—In the teeth of the Tenth Command-
ment, they preferred to increase their ample domains, by coveting
HOUSE OF COMMONS. 767
the lands of their poorer neighbours. Whenever three or four of these
cormorants thought fit to parcel out a contiguous common among
themselves, they set the greatest rogue of an attorney in the district
to work, to draw a Bill, and to go round the parish for a sufficient
number of signatures, or consents, of the poor devils who were thus
required to sell their own and their great-grand-children's birth-
rights for a mess of pottage:—and woe betided the miserable cot-
tager, whether male or female,_old or young, widow or orphan,
—who refused to sign the fatal deed!—their wretched alternative
was to choose between the ejection of themselves and families from
their hovels and homesteads, or of their cattle, their donkeys, and
their geese, from the common which had been bequeathed by their
forefathers to them and to their children, FOR EVER
By some oversight of the printer, the following passages were not
inserted in their proper places: they are too important to be
altogether omitted.—
In Dec. 1678, the Earl of Danby, Lord Treasurer, was impeached
by the Commons for endeavouring to subvert the constitution, and
to introduce arbitrary government. He affirmed, on his honour, that
he had never done any thing of great moment, for which he had not
always had the King's command: but this was of no avail; for he
was dismissed from his post, and the Treasury put into commission.
In Feb. 1679, the King fearing that the new Parliament would
proceed against the Earl of Danby, granted him a full pardon under
the great seal; but, on March 20th, the Commons reminded the
Lords of the impeachment, and desired that he might be committed;
whereupon he absconded. On the 22d the King went to the House,
and spoke in his favour. The Lords then offered to appease the
Commons by bringing in a Bill to remove the Earl from the King's
person, and to render him incapable of holding any place or office,
or of sitting in the House of Peers;–but this the Commons rejected,
and moved an address to his Majesty on the irregularity and illegality
of the royal pardon, and the dangerous consequences of granting
pardons to persons impeached-On the 26th, the Lords sent a
message to the Commons, acquainting them that they had sent to
apprehend the Earl, but that he was not to be found; whereupon
they ordered a Bill to be brought in for the delinquent to appear
768 SPEAKERS, &c. OF THE
on, or before, the 21st of April, or to stand attainted: consequently,
on the 15th he surrendered, and was committed to the Tower. On
the 25th, he pleaded the King's pardon, which, however, the Com-
mons resolved was illegal and void; and they demanded judgment
of the Lords against him".
In the year 1680 was passed the celebrated Habeas Corpus
Act; in which it was provided that prisoners should have their
Habeas Corpus to bring them up and be discharged from prison,
unless detained by legal processf.
* In the debate about the prosecution of the Lord Treasurer Danby, we are told
of a very peculiar speech pronounced by the Earl of Carnarvon, a peer who is said
never to have spoken before in the House, who, having been heated with wine, and
excited to display his abilities, by the Duke of Buckingham, (who meant no favour
to the Treasurer, but only ridicule), was resolved, before he went up, to speak upon
any subject that would offer. Accordingly he stood up, and delivered himself thus:
“My Lords,
“I understand but little of Latin, but a good deal of English, and not a little of
the English history, from which I have learned the mischiefs of such kinds of pro-
secutions as these, and the ill fate of the prosecutors. I could bring many instances,
and those very ancient; but, my Lords, I shall go no farther back than the latter
end of Queen Elizabeth’s reign, at which time the Earl of Essex was run down by
Sir Walter Raleigh, and your Lordships know very well what became of Sir Walter
Raleigh. My Lord Bacon, he run down Sir Walter Raleigh, and your Lordships
know what became of my Lord Bacon. The Duke of Buckingham, he run down
my Lord Bacon, and your Lordships know what happened to the Duke of Buck.
ingham. Sir Thomas Wentworth, afterwards Earl of Strafford, he run down the
Duke of Buckingham, and you all know what became of him. Sir Harry Vane, he
run down the Earl of Strafford, and your Lordships know what became of Sir Harry
Vane. Chancellor Hyde, he run down Sir Harry Vane, and your Lordships know
what became of the Chancellor. Sir Thomas Osborne, now Earl of Danby, run
down Chancellor Hyde, but what will become of the Earl of Danby, your Lordships
best can tell. Butlet me see the man that dare run the Earl of Danby down, and
we shall soon see what will become of him.”

This being pronounced with a remarkable humour and tone, the Duke of Buck-
ingham, both surprised and disappointed, after his way, cried out, “The man's
inspired 1 and claret has done the business.”–Torbuck's Parliamentary Debates,
vol. i. page 248. -
+ Bishop Burnet relates a circumstance respecting the Habeas Corpus Act, which
is more curious than credible ; but though we cannot be induced to suppose that
this important statute was obtained by a jest, and a fraud, yet the story proves that
a very formidable opposition was made to it at the time: “It was carried,” says
he, “by an odd artifice in the House of Lords. Lord Grey and Lord Norris were
named to be the tellers: Lord Norris, being a man subject to vapours, was not at
all times attentive to what he was doing ; so, a very fat Lord coming in, Lord Grey
counted him for ten, as a jest at first, but seeing Lord Norris had not observed it,
he went on with this misreckoning of ten: so it was reported to the House, and de-
clared that they who were for the Bill were the majority, though it indeed went on
the other side; and by this means the Bill past.” I Burmet, Hist. Ch. II, 485.
A PP E N ID | X.










A LIST
or THE
LORDS CHANCELLORS, LORDS KEEPERS,
AND
COMMISSIONERS OF THE GREAT SEAL;
From
THE NORMAN CONQUEST
UP TO THE PRESENT TIME.
IN THE REIGN OF WILLIAM THE FIRST.
Maurice
Osmond - - - - - - -
Arfastus . - - - - - - - -
Baldric . . . .
Herman . -
William Welson
William Gifford
WILLIAM II.
Herbert Lozinga, Bishop of Norwich
Robert Bloet, Bishop of Lincoln
Ranulph Flambard, Bishop of Durham
William Gifford, Bishop of Winchester
Roger, Bishop of Salisbury
HENRY I.
Waldric . - - - - - -
William Gifford, Bishop of Winchester
Herbert . - - - -
Roger, Bishop of Salisbury
Geoffry Rufus, Bishop of Durham
A. D. 1067
. 1073
1077
1078
1088
1098
1101
1103
1104
1107
772 APPENDIX.
Richard . - - - - - - - . A. D. 1116
Reginald . - - - - - -
Thomas, Archbishop of York . - - - - -
Godefridus, Bishop of Bath; and Roger, Bishop of Wells .
Geoffry Rufus, Bishop of Durham -
Alexander, Bishop of Lincoln
STEPHEN.
William Pauper -
William Fitzgillebert
William de Vere
Alexander - - - - - - -
Philip . • ... •
Reginald de Gaunt
Robert, Abbot of Walden
HENRY II.
Thomas à Becket, Archbishop of Canterbury
John - - - - - -
Radulph de Warneville
Geoffry, Bishop of Lincoln
Walter de Constantiis
Walter de Bidun - -
William de Longchamp . - - - - - -
Richard Nigel, Prior of Dover, and Archbishop of Canterbury
RICHARD I.
Geoffrey Plantagenet, Archbishop of York
Walter, Archbishop of Rouen
Walter de Bidun -
Malus Catulus - - -
Eustace, Bishop of Ely . - - - - -
Hubert Walter, Archbishop of Canterbury - -
JOHN.
Richard de Marisco
Simon, Archdeacon of Wells
Walter de Grey - - - - - - - -
Hugh Wallis, or de Wells - - - - - -
1123
1128
1133
1136
1138
1153
1157
1173
1181
1182
1189
1.191
1198
1199
1202
1204
1205
1209
APPENDIX. 773
Richard de Marisco - - - - - . A. D. 1212
Ralph de Neville 1213
HENRY III.
Richard de Marisco - 1223
Ralph de Neville - - - - - 1226
Geoffrey Neville, and John de Lexintune 1238
Hugh de Patteshull - - - - - - - - -
Simon de Patteshull, Lord Keeper of the Great Seal . 1239
Richard Grosse, Lord Keeper - - 1242
John de Lexintune, Lord Keeper - - - -
Ralph de Novoville - 1244
Ralph Briton . - - - - 1246
Silvester de Eversden, Lord Keeper . - - - -
William Button - - 1247
John de Lexintune, Lord Keeper
John Mansel, Lord Keeper - - - -
John de Lexintune, Lord Keeper - - - 1248
John Mansel . - - - - - - - 1249
Ralph de Diceto - - - - - - - - - - - -
Peter de Rievallis, and William de Kilkenny, Lords Keepers 1250
Henry de Wenham . - - - - - 1254
Walter de Merton - 1258
Nicholas, Archdeacon of Ely - - - -
Walter de Merton - - 1261
Nicholas de Ely, Lord Keeper . 1263
John de Chishull, Lord Keeper 1264
Thomas de Cantilupe - - - 1265
Walter Giffard, Archbishop of York . 1266
Galfridus Giffard . - 1267
John de Chishull 1269
EDWARD I.
Walter de Merton - 1274
Robert Burnell - - - - - - -
Walter de Langton, Lord Keepe 1292
John de Langton 1293
John Salmon 1299
Markeus
774 APPENDIX.
John Drokensford . - - . A. D. 1301
William de Greenfield, Archbishop of York
William de Hamelton - - -
Ralph de Baldoc
John de Langton . - -
William de Milton, Lord Keeper
EDWARD II.
Walter Reginald, or Reynold, Archbishop of Canterbury
John de Sandal - - - - - - -
William de Milton, Archbishop of York
John de Hotham - - -
John Salmon . - • * -
William Ayrmine, Lord Keeper
John Stratford - -
Ralph de Neville
Robert Baldoc - -
William Ayrmine, Lord Keeper
EDWARD III.
John de Hotham - - - - - - -
Henry Cliff, and William de Harlestone, Lords Keepers
Henry de Burgherst - - - - - -
John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury
William de Milton, Lord Keeper - -
John de-Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbur
Richard Aungerville - - -
John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury
Robert de Stratford . - - - -
Richard de Bynteworth . - - • * * - -
John de St. Paul, Michael de Wath, and Thomas de Bam-
burgh, Lords Keepers . - - - - - -
John de St. Paul . - -
John de Stratford, Archbishop of Canterbury . - -
Robert de Stratford . . - - - - - -
Sir Robert de Bourchier .
Robert Parning - - -
Robert de Saddington - - - -
John de Efford, Archbishop of Canterbury
1302
1305
1307
1312
1315
1317
1318
1320
1323
1324
1326
1328
1329
1331
1334
1335
1336
1338
1339
1340
1341
1342
1344
1346
APPENDIX.
7
7
5
John de Thoresby, Archbishop of York
William de Edington - - - -
Simon de Langham, Archbishop of Canterbury .
William de Wyckham, Bishop of Winchester
Sir Robert de Thorp - -
Sir John Knyvet
Thomas de Arundel .
RICHARD II.
Adam de Houghton . -
Sir Richard le Scroop - - - -
Simon de Sudbury, Archbishop of Canterbury
William de Courteney, Archbishop of Canterbury
Sir Richard le Scroop - - - - -
Robert de Braybrook - - -
Sir Michael de la Pole . - - -
Thomas de Arundel, Archbishop of York .
William de Wyckham, Bishop of Winchester
Thomas de Arundel, Archbishop of York .
Edmund Stafford . - - -
HENRY IV.
John de Searle
Edmund Stafford
Henry Beaufort -
Thomas Langley - - - -
Thomas de Arundel, Archbishop of York
John Walkening - -
Sir Thomas Beaufort - -
Thomas de Arundel, Archbishop of York
HENRY V.
Henry de Beaufort
Simon Garnstide
Henry de Beaufort .
Thomas Langley
HENRY WI.
Henry de Beaufort . . . . .
John Kemp, Archbishop of Yorl
A. D. 1347
1356
1363
1368
1372
1373
1375
1377
1380
1381
1382
1383
1387
1389
1392
1395
1400
1401
1404
1405
1407
1410
1412
1414
1417
1418
1424
1426
776 APPENDIX.
Marmaduke Lumley - - - - . A. D. 1430
John Stafford, Archbishop of Canterbury
John Frank, Lord Keeper - -
John Stafford, Archbishop of Canterbury
William Patten, or Wainfleet . - - - -
John Kemp, Abp. of York (afterwards of Canterbury)
Richard Nevill, Earl of Salisbury - -
Thomas Bourchier, Archbishop of Canterbury
William de Wainfleet - - - - -
George Nevill (afterwards Archbishop of York)
EDWARD IV.
Robert de Kirkham, Lord Keeper
Robert Stillington -
Henry Bourchier, Earl of Essex - -
Laurence Booth (afterwards Archbishop of York)
Thomas Rotheram - - - - -
John Alcock, Lord Keeper - - - -
Laurence Booth (afterwards Archbishop of York)
John Morton (afterwards Archbishop of Canterbury).
RICHARD III.
John Russell . -
HENRY WII.
Thomas Barrow, Lord Keeper .
Thomas Rotheram
John Alcock - - -
John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury -
Henry Deane, Archbishop of Canterbury . - -
William Warham, Lord Keeper (afterwards Abp. of Cant.)
Idem - -
HENRY VIII.
William Warham, Archbishop of Canterbury
Thomas Wolsey, Cardinal, and Archbishop of York
Sir Thomas More - - - -
Sir Thomas Audley
1432
1433
1443
1450
1454
1455
1457
1460
1467
1468
1473
1475
1478
1484
1485
1486
1501
1502
1503
1503
1516
1530
1533
APPENDIX. 777
Thomas Goodrick . - - - - - . A. D. 1534
Thomas, Lord Wriothesley . 1545
EDWARD VI.
Thomas, Lord Wriothesley 1545
Sir William Paulet . 1547
Richard, Lord Rich . - - - -
Thomas Goodrick - - 1551
Sir Nicholas Hare, Lord Keeper
MARY.
Stephen Gardiner, Bishop of Winchester . 1553
Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York 1555
ELIZABETH.
Nicholas Heath, Archbishop of York 1555
Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper 1559
Sir Thomas Bromley - 1579
Sir Christopher Hatton . - 1587
Sir John Puckering, Lord Keepe 1592
JAMES I.
Sir Thomas Egerton, Lord Keeper 1596
Thomas, Lord Ellesmere - - - - - 1600
Sir Francis Bacon (afterwards Earl of Verulam) - . 1616
On January 30th, 1621, Lord Bacon was convicted of bribery,
fined 40,000l. and imprisoned during the King's pleasure.
Henry, Viscount Mandeville; Ludovic, Duke of Richmond;
William, Earl of Pembroke; and Sir Julius Caesar; Lords -
Keepers - - - - - - - . 1621
John Williams, D.D., Dean of Westminster, Lord Keeper:
afterwards Archbishop of York - - -
CHARLES I.
Sir Thomas Coventry, Lord Keeper 1625
Sir John Finch - - - - 1639
Sir Edward Littleton, Lord Keeper 1640
Sir Richard Lane - - 1645
778 APPENH}{X.
Edward, Earl of Manchester; John, Earl of Rutland; and
five others; Lords Keepers - - - - -
Edward, Earl of Manchester, and William Lenthall; Lords
Keepers - - - - - - - -
Henry, Earl of Kent, and three others; Lords Keepers
DURING THE COMMON WEALTH.
The same, Lords Keepers - - - - -
John Lisle, Sir Thomas Widrington, and Bulstrode White-
lock, Lords Keepers - - - - - -
Nathaniel Fiennes, John Lisle, and Bulstrode Whitelock,
Lords Keepers . - - -
Sir Edward Hyde, Lord Keeper
Afterwards created Earl of Clarendon.
CHARLES II.
Edward, Earl of Clarendon -
Sir Orlando Bridgman, Lord Keeper
Anthony-Ashley, Earl of Shaftesbury
Sir Heneage Finch, Lord Keeper - - - -
Idem, being created Earl of Nottingham and Lord Chan-
cellor - - -
Sir Francis North, Lord Keeper
JAMES II.
Sir George Jeffreys . - - - - -
Formerly Lord Chief Justice of the King's Bench.
WILLIAM AND MARY.
The Marquess of Halifax, Speaker of the Upper House of
Convention . . . - - - - -
Sir John Maynard, Sir Anthony Keck, and Sir W. Raw-
linson, Lords Keepers - - - - - -
Sir John Trevor, Sir W. Rawlinson, and Sir George Hut-
chins, Lords Keepers - - - - - -
Sir John Somers, Lord Keeper (afterwards created Earl
Somers) - - -
A. D.
1646
1648
1660
1667
1672
1673
1675
1682
1685
1688
1690
1693
APPENDIX.
John, Earl Somers . - . . . - - . A. D.
Sir Nathan Wright, Lord Keepe
ANNE.
Sir Nathan Wright, Lord Keeper
Sir William Cowper, Lord Keeper
Afterwards created Earl Cowper.
William, Earl Cowper - - - - - - -
Sir Thomas Trevor, Robert Tracy, and John Scroop, Lords
Commissioners - - - - - - -
Sir Simon Harcourt, Lord Keeper (afterwards Earl Harcourt)
Simon, Earl Harcourt
William, Earl Cowper
GEORGE I.
William, Earl Cowper - - - - - -
Robert Tracy, Sir John Pratt, and Sir John Montague, Lords
Commissioners -
Thomas, Earl of Macclesfield - - -
Being convicted in 1725, of selling offices in the Court of
Chancery, and of embezzling the suitors' money, he was
imprisoned in the Tower, and fined 30,000l.
Sir Joseph Jekyll, Sir Jeffrey Gilbert, and Sir Robert Ray-
mond, Lords Commissioners . - - - - -
Sir Peter King, Lord Keeper (afterwards created Baron King)
Peter, Lord King - - -
GEORGE II.
Peter, Lord King
Charles, Earl Talbot - -
Philip, Earl of Hardwicke - - - - - -
Sir John Willes, Sir S. S. Smythe, and Sir J. E. Wilmot,
Lords Commissioners - - - - - -
Sir Robert Henley, Lord Keeper
Afterwards Earl of Northington.
GEORGE III.
Robert, Earl of Northington . - -
Charles, Earl Camden -
1700
1705
1707
1710
1713
1714
1714
1718
1724
1725
1727
1727
1733
1736
1756
1757
1764
1766
780 APPENDIX.
The Hon. Charles Yorke - - - - . A. D. 1770
He was appointed on the 17th of January; but died sud-
denly on the 20th, whilst the patent of his Peerage, as
Baron Morden, was preparing.
Henry, Lord Apsley - - - - - -
On Feb. 5th of this year, Lord Mansfield was appointed
by patent, Speaker of the House of Lords in the absence
of the Lord Chancellor.
Edward, Lord Thurlow . - - - - - . 1778
1771
Alexander, Lord Loughborough - - - . 1783
Sir W. H. Ashurst and Sir J. Wilson, Lords Commissioners
Edward Lord Thurlow - - - - - -
Sir J. Eyre, Sir W. H. Ashurst, and Sir J. Wilson, Lords
Commissioners . - - - - - - . 1792
Alexander, Lord Loughborough - - - - . 1793
John, Earl of Eldon - - - - - - . 1801
Thomas, Lord Erskine - - - - - - . 1806
John, Earl of Eldon - - - - - - . 1807
GEORGE IV.
John, Earl of Eldon - - - - - - . 1820
John-Singleton, Lord Lyndhurst - - - - . 1827
WILLIAM IV.
John-Singleton, Lord Lyndhurst . - - - . 1830
Henry, Lord Brougham and Vaux . - - - . 1830
CERTAIN
PROTESTS OF THE LORDS,
SELECTED FROM
THE JOURNALS OF THE HOUSE,
And occasionally referred to throughout this work.
CONCERNING SUSPECTED PAPISTS AND POPISH RECUSANTS.
Die Veneris, 6 Decembris, 1678.
An address “to desire his Majesty to cause Popish Recusants, re-
puted ones, and suspected Papists, to be apprehended, disarmed, and
secured,” was brought from the Commons, and read.
And after some debate, the question was put, whether to agree to
this address as it is now worded ? It was resolved in the affirmative.
Dissentient',
For that it is humbly conceived to be contrary to and against law,
in several particulars, and both unjustifiable and dangerous for those
that put it in execution.
Northampton, Anglesey, Ferrers.
CONCERNING THE ROYAL PARDON, ON IMPEACHMENT BY THE COMMONS.
Die Sabbati, 23 Novembris, 1689.
Hodie 3 vice lecta est billa, “An Act declaring the rights and
liberties of the subject, and settling the succession of the crown.”
A rider was offered to be added (that all pardons upon an im-
peachment of the House of Commons are hereby declared to be null
and void, except it be with the consent of both Houses of Parliament.)
After a long debate this question was put, “whether this rider
shall be made part of the Bill.”
Contents, 17–Non Contents, 50.
It was resolved in the negative.
782 APPENDIX.
Memorandum, that before the putting the aforesaid question, the
Lords following desired leave to enter their dissents, if it were car-
ried in the negative, and accordingly do enter their dissents in these
reasons following:
1st. Because to impeach being the undoubted right of the Com-
mons of England, and by which alone justice can be had against
offenders that are too big for the ordinary courts of justice, impeach-
ments would be rendered altogether ineffectual, if the King can par-
don in such cases.
2dly. Because such a power of pardoning would cause a failure of
justice, which the law of England will not allow of in any case.
3dly. Because the government becomes precarious, when there is
wanting a sufficient power to punish evil ministers of state, the
bringing of such ministers to justice being then a matter of grace,
and not of right.
4thly. Because such evil ministers are in a much securer condi-
tion than any other offenders; it being the interest of ill-disposed
Kings to protect them from justice, since they are so much the more
useful and necessary to such Kings, by how much they have been
instrumental in subverting the government.
5thly. Because the King can only pardon such offences as are
against himself, but not in case of an appeal, nor wherever the wrong
or injury is done to a third person.
6thly. A fortiori, the King cannot pardon an impeachment, be-
cause all the Commons of England have an interest in it, and it is
at their suit.
7thly. Because it is inconsistent with the government of England
to vest a power any where that may obstruct the public justice.
8thly. Because such a power of pardoning sets the King's prero-
gative above the government, which is inconsistent with the reason
and nature of this constitution.
9thly. Because the rejecting of the rider, and the vote of this
House against the dispensing power in general, does not seem to be
very consistent, since the power of pardoning upon impeachment is
altogether as great as that of a dispensing power.
Macclesfield, Cornwallis, Herbert,
Ossulston, Bathe, Stamford,
Bolton, J. Lovelace, Granville,
Delamer, R. Montague, Crewe.
APPENDIX. 783
CON C FIR NING THE TRIAL OF PEERS IN PARLIAMENT.
Die Martis, 14 Januarii, 1689.
Upon consideration of the report from the Committee of privi-
leges, the tenth instant, concerning the trial of Peers,
The question was put, “That it is the ancient right of the Peers of
England to be tried only in full Parliament for any capital offences.”
Contents, 38.-Non Contents, 20.
It was resolved in the affirmative.
Memorandum, that the Lords following, before the putting of the
abovesaid question, desired leave to enter their dissents, if the ques-
tion was carried in the affirmative, and accordingly they do enter
their dissents as follow :
1st. Because the statute of 15 Edward III. which first enabled
the trial of Peers to be only in Parliament, is repealed by the statute
of 17 Edward III. as contrary to the laws and usages of the realm,
as well as the right and prerogatives of the crown.
2dly. As the statute of 17 Edw. III. has declared the law and
usage of the realm before that of 15 Edw. III, so the practice has
been accordingly ever since; insomuch, that from that day to this,
no Peer indicted for a capital offence has ever claimed a privilege of
being tried only in Parliament; and though very many Peers have
been tried and attainted out of Parliament, yet no writ of error to
reverse such attainder for that reason has ever been demanded.
3dly. Because the consequences of this assertion would be, that
the heirs of all such as ever were attainted out of Parliament might
claim to be Peers of this realm, the attainder of their ancestors being
void, because the sentence against them was given by a court that
had no jurisdiction ; and also for the same reason, all acquittals of
any Peers would be void too, and the Peers may be brought again
into jeopardy of their lives.
4thly. The frequent attempts to obtain an Act of Parliament to
enact, that no Peer shall be tried out of Parliament for capital
offences, is evidence, that, without such a law, a Peer may be tried
out of Parliament, and no vote of either House can change the law.
5thly. Because this vote takes from the subject the right of an
appeal of felony, in which a Peer ought to be tried by a jury of
Commoners, and not by his Peers.
6thly. Because it deprives the Peers of the benefit of the habeas
784 APPENDIX.
corpus act, for if a Peer cannot be tried for a capital offence but only
in Parliament, and may be committed to prison for such an offence,
he must of necessity remain there till the next Parliament, contrary
to the said Act, which no resolution of the House of Peers can or
ought to alter at the price of their liberty.
7thly. This vote, that the Peers must be tried only in full Par-
liament, seems to imply that the Commons are necessary parties to
the trial of a Peer, which is contrary to magna charta, and the
known laws of this realm.
Nottingham, Sydney, Cornwallis.
PROTEST AGAINST A BILL TO LEGALIZE THE PROGEEDINGS OF THE
CONVENTION PAR LIAMIENT.
Die Martis, 8 Aprilis, 1690.
Hodie 3 vice lecta est billa, “An Act for recognising the King and
Queen, and for avoiding all questions touching the Acts made in
the Parliament assembled at Westminster, the 13th of Feb., 1688.”
The question was put, whether this Bill shall pass. It was re-
solved in the affirmative.
Before the question was put, several Lords desired leave to enter
their dissents, if the question was carried in the affirmative.
Dissentient’,
1st. Because we conceive, that saying “it is enacted by the au-
thority of this present Parliament, that all the Acts made in the last
Parliament were laws;” is neither good English nor good sense.
2dly. If it were good sense to enact for the time past, the present
Bill must be understood to be declaratory that certain laws are good
which were passed in a Parliament not called by writ in due form
of law; which doctrine is destructive of the legal constitution of this
monarchy, and may be of evil and pernicious consequence to our pre-
sent government under this King and Queen.
Somerset, W. Landaff, Feversham, Weymouth,
Rochester, Huntingdon, P. Winchester, Dartmouth,
J. Jermyn, Abingdon, W. Asaph, Nottingham,
Westmorland, Tho. Menev', Scarsdale, Wigorn'.
H. London,
[The foregoing reasons were ordered to be expunged, but the
above may be depended upon as a genuine copy.]
APPENDHX. 785
CONCERNING THE PRIVILEGE OF PEERS TO ENTER THEIR DISSENTS
OR PROTEST.S.
Die Jovis, 10 Aprilis, 1690.
The reasons in the protestation made the 8th instant against some
words in the Bill for recognising King William and Queen Mary
being read, were, upon the question, severally ordered to be expunged
out of the journal.
Leave having been asked and given for entering dissents, if the
questions were carried in the affirmative:
Dissentient',
Whereas the questions for expunging the reasons of our protesta-
tion, April the 8th, were carried in the affirmative ; and whereas
these reasons were only against some words in one clause in the Bill,
intituled “An Act for recognising King William and Queen Mary,
and for avoiding all questions touching the Acts made in the Parlia-
ment assembled at Westminster the 13th day of February, 1688,”
which enacted, that the Acts of the late Parliament were laws and
statutes of this realm :
And leave being given to enter our dissents to those reasons, we
do so accordingly for these reasons: -
1st. Because it is the privilege of the Peers to enter their dissent,
and it has been the ancient practice to enter also the reasons of such
dissent, of which the Lords that so protest are the most proper
judges, as well knowing what arguments persuaded them to be
of that opinion; and no reasons can be more proper than such as
they conceive are founded upon matter of fact, and the law of
the land.
2dly. Because there is no precedent of expunging the reasons of
any protestation.
3dly. Because the protestation was not against the whole Bill, but
some particular words of it; but by expunging the reasons of that
protestation, it appears that we have protested against the whole
Bill, which is contrary to our sense and intentions.
Nottingham, Ed. Wigorn', Chandos,
J. Jermyn, P. Winchester, Abingdon,
H. London, Hum. Bangor, W. Asaph.
Tho. Menev', Westmorland,
5 H
786 APPENDIX.
PROTEST AGAINST THE IN CORPORATION OF THE BANK OF ENGLAND,
Die Martis, 24 Aprilis, 1694.
Hodie 3 vice lecta est billa, intituled “An Act for granting to their
Majesties certain rates and duties upon tonnage of ships or vessels,
and upon beer, ale, and other liquors, for securing certain recom-
penses and advantages in the said Act mentioned, to such persons
as shall voluntarily advance the sum of fifteen hundred thousand
pounds towards carrying on the war against France.”
The question was put, whether this Bill shall pass. It was re-
solved in the affirmative.
Dissentient’,
Against that part of the Bill which relates to the incorporating
the governor and company of the Bank of England, and the clauses
that concern the same.
Aylesbury, Winchelsea, Montague,
Rochester, Sandwich, Nottingham.
Essex, Tho. Roffen',
PROTEST AGAINST THE ATTAINT of MARY, QUEEN OF JAMES II.
Die Veneris, 20 Februarii, 1701.
Hodie 3 vice lecta est billa, intituled “An Act to attaint Mary, late
wife of the late King James, of high treason.”
The question was put, whether this Bill shall pass.
It was resolved in the affirmative.
Contents, 78.-Not Contents, 28.
Dissentient’,
Because there was no proof of the allegations in the Bill so much
as offered, before the passing of it, which is a precedent that may
be of dangerous consequence.
Winchelsea, Weymouth, Dartmouth,
North and Grey, Feversham, Stawell,
Bradford, Jeffreys, De Longueville,
Craven, Plymouth, Northampton,
Guilford, Scarsdale, H. London.
APPENDIX.
7
8
7
PROTEST AGAINST THE ESTABLISHMENT OF SEPTENNIAL PARLIAMENTS.
Die Sabbati, 14 Aprilis, 1716.
Hodie 2 vice lecta est billa, intituled “An Act for enlarging the
time of continuance of Parliaments, appointed by an Act made in
the sixth year of the reign of King William and Queen Mary, inti-
tuled “An Act for the frequent meeting and calling of Parliaments.”
The question was put, whether this Bill shall be committed.
It was resolved in the affirmative.
Contents . . . 77 Not Contents . 43
Proxies . . . 19 Proxies . . . 18
–96 —61
Dissentient’,
1st. Because we conceive that frequent and new Parliaments are
required by the fundamental Constitution of the kingdom; and the
practice thereof for many ages (which manifestly appears by our re-
cords) is a sufficient evidence and proof of this Constitution.
2dly. Because it is agreed, that the House of Commons must be
chosen by the people, and when so chosen, they are truly the repre-
sentatives of the people, which they cannot be so properly said to be,
when continued for a longer time than that for which they were
chosen; for after that time, they are chosen by the Parliament, and
not the people; who are thereby deprived of the only remedy which
they have against those who either do not understand, or, through
corruption, do wilfully betray the trust reposed in them; which
remedy is, to choose better men in their places.
3dly. Because the reasons given for this Bill, we conceive, were
not sufficient to induce us to pass it, in subversion of so essential a
part of our Constitution.
1. For as to the argument, that this will encourage the princes
and states of Europe to enter into alliances with us, we have not
heard any one minister assert, that any one prince or state has asked,
or so much as insinuated, that they wished such an alteration.
Nor is it reasonable to imagine it, for it cannot be expected that
any prince or state can rely upon a people to defend their liberties
and interests, who shall be thought to have given up so great a part
of their on n; nor can it be prudent for them to wish such an expe-
riment to be made, after the experience that Europe has had of the
788 APPENDIX.
great things this nation has done for them, under the Constitution
which is now to be altered by this Bill.
But on the other hand, they may be deterred from entering into
measures with us, when they shall be informed, by the preamble of
this Bill, that the Popish faction is so dangerous, as that it may be
destructive to the peace and security of the government; and may
apprehend from this Bill, that the government is so weak as to want
so extraordinary provision for its safety; which seems to imply, that
the gentlemen of Britain are not to be trusted or relied upon, and
that the good affections of the people are restrained to so small a num-
ber as that of which the present House of Commons consists.
2. We conceive this Bill is so far from preventing expenses and
corruptions, that it will rather increase them ; for the longer a Par-
liament is to last, the more valuable to be purchased is a station in
it, and the greater also is the danger of corrupting the members of
it ; for if ever there should be a ministry who shall want a Parlia-
ment to screen them from the just resentment of the people, or from
a discovery of their ill practices to the King (who cannot otherwise,
or so truly, be informed of them, as by a free Parliament), it is so
much the interest of such a ministry to influence the elections (which
by their authority, and the disposal of the public money, they, of all
others, have the best means of doing) that it is to be feared they
will be tempted, and not fail to make use of them ; and even when
the members are chosen, they have greater opportunity of inducing
very many to comply with them, than they could have, if not only
the Sessions of Parliament, but the Parliament itself, were reduced
to the ancient and primitive constitution and practice of frequent
and new Parliaments; for as a good ministry will neither practise
nor need corruption, so it cannot be any Lord’s intention to provide
for the security of a bad one.
4thly. We conceive, that whatever reasons may induce the Lords
to pass this Bill, to continue this Parliament for seven years, will be
at least as strong, and may, by the conduct of the ministry, be made
much stronger, before the end of seven years, for continuing it still
longer, and even to perpetuate it; which would be an express and
absolute subversion of the third estate of the realm.
Poulett, Fr. Roffen', Anglesey,
Stratford, Willoughby de Broke, Nottingham,
Northampton, Foley, Abingdon,
APPENDIX. 789
Dartmouth, Mansell, Berkshire,
Montjoy, Bingley, Tadcaster,
Fran. Cestriens', Trevor, Guilford,
Bathurst, P. Hereford, Aylesford,
Compton, Bruce, Osborne,
Somerset, Ashburnham, Gower,
Salisbury, Shrewsbury, Weston.
Bristol,
PROTEST AGAINST THE FIRST MUTINY BILL ; AND CONCERNING THE
ESTABLISHMENT OF A STANDING ARMY IN TIME OF PEACE.
Die Lunae, 25 Martii, 1717.
Hodie 3 vice lecta est billa, intituled “An Act for punishing mu-
tiny and desertion, and for the better payment of the army and their
quarters.”
The question was put, whether this Bill shall pass.
It was resolved in the affirmative.
Contents, 32.-Not Contents, 9.
Dissentient’,
1st. Because no particular reason or occasion is so much as sug-
gested in this Bill, for keeping on foot a standing army, consisting
of thirty-two thousand men, in this kingdom in time of peace; and,
therefore, this Act will be a precedent for keeping the same army
at all times, though this kingdom be in peace; which, we think,
must inevitably subvert the ancient constitution of this realm, and
subject the subjects to arbitrary power.
2dly. Because, by this Bill, the soldiers are exempted from being
arrested by process of law, at the suit of any person for recovering a
just debt, or upon any action whatsoever; which is a great injustice
to the subjects, taking from them the benefit of the law for recover-
ing their just demands, and for obtaining satisfaction for any injury
done them by a soldier, either by wounding or maiming, or wrong.
fully taking away his goods: and, we conceive, this will be so far
from preserving good order and discipline in the army, that, on the
contrary, it will be a great encouragement to the soldiers to live in
their quarters in all manner of licentiousness, and to insult their
fellow-subjects both in their persons and estates, when they know,
that by this law they are disabled from obtaining any effectual satis-
790 APPENDIX.
faction from them, by the course of justice, for any such violence or
injury; and the only reason offered to justify this exemption from
arrests, being to prevent the taking soldiers out of his Majesty's
service by collusive arrests, we think, the preventing such an ima-
ginary mischief can be no reason to discharge the persons of soldiers
from being taken upon any civil process, where the cause of action
is real; which is a privilege only belonging to a Peer of the realm.
3dly. Because this Bill doth establish martial law extending to
the life of the offenders, in time of peace, which, we conceive, is
contrary to the ancient laws of this kingdom ; and the soldiers are
obliged to obey the military orders of their superior officers, under
the penalty of being sentenced by a court-martial to suffer death for
their disobedience ; and that, without any limitation or restriction,
whether such orders are agreeable to the laws of the realm or not ;
when, by the fundamental laws thereof, the commands and orders of
the crown (the supreme authority) are restrained within the compass
of the law, and no person is obliged to obey any such order or com-
mand, if it be illegal; and is punishable by law, if he does, notwith-
standing any such order or command, though from the King.
Trevor, Abingdon, Northampton,
Berkeley of Stratton, Bathurst, Dartmouth.
PROTEST AGAINST RELIEVING QUAKERS FROM TAKING OATHS IN
COURTS OF JUSTICE.
Die Veneris, 19 Januarii, 1721.
Hodie 3 vice lecta est billa, intituled “An Act for granting the peo-
ple, called Quakers, such forms of affirmation, or declaration, as may
remove the difficulties which many of them lie under.”
The question was put, whether this Bill shall pass.
It was resolved in the affirmative.
Dissentient',
1st. Because the privileges allowed by this Bill to the Quakers
are without example, and no ways proportioned to the steps form-
erly taken towards a gradual indulgence of them ; for, whereas they
have been hitherto under the real obligation of an oath, though dis-
pensed with as to some formalities, with respect to the manner of
wording and taking it, they are now altogether released both from
the form and substance of an oath, and admitted to profess fidelity
APPENDIX. 79 |
and give testimony upon their simple affirmation; nor are these
great privileges indulged to them, as the less were, from time to
time, and by degrees, but are at once made perpetual.
2dly. Because we look upon the Quakers, who reject the two sa-
craments of Christ, and are, as far as they do so, unworthy of the
name of Christians, to be on that account unworthy also of receiving
such distinguishing marks of favour.
3dly. Because the Quakers, as they renounce the institutions of
Christ, so have not given even the evidence by law required of their
belief of his divinity, it no ways appearing to us (nor do we believe
it can be made appear) that ever since they were first indulged
(7 W. and M.), one Quaker in a hundred hath subscribed the pro-
fession of Christian belief directed by that Act; nor could we, upon
a motion made in the House, prevail, that they should even now be
obliged, by such previous subscription, to entitle themselves to the
new and extraordinary favours designed them ; the consequence of
which must, in our opinion, be, that they will encourage themselves yet
farther in their aversion to subscribe that profession of Christian be-
lief which they seem more to decline than even the taking of an oath,
since great numbers of them have sworn, though very few have sub-
scribed that profession; nor are we without apprehensions, that it
may reflect some dishonour on the Christian faith, if the evidence
given by such persons, on their bare word, shall, by law, be judged
of equal credit with the solemn oath of an acknowledged Christian
and sincere member of the established communion.
4thly. Because we look upon it as highly unreasonable, that in a
kingdom where the nobles, the clergy, and commons are obliged to
swear fealty to the crown, and even the sovereign himself takes an
oath at his coronation, a particular sect of men, who refuse to serve
the state either as civil officers or soldiers, should be entirely released
from that obligation ; since it is natural to expect that persons thus
indulged, as to the manner and the measure of performing their alle-
giance, should, by degrees, be induced totally to withdraw it, till
they become as bad subjects, as Christians.
5thly. Because, though such extraordinary privileges are allowed
to the sect of Quakers by this Bill, yet there is no mark or test pre-
scribed by it, or by any other Act, by which it may certainly be
known who are Quakers, and consequently who are or are not enti-
tled to those privileges; from whence this inconvenience may arise,
792 APPENDIX.
that many not really Quakers may yet shelter themselves under the
cover of that name, on purpose to be released from the obligation of
oaths; it not being, we conceive, in the power of the magistrate, as
this Bill stands, to oblige any person to take an oath who at the time
of tendering it shall profess himself a Quaker; so that the conces-
sions now made to that sect may prove a great inlet to hypocrisy and
falsehood, and will naturally tend towards increasing their numbers,
which we rather wish may be every day diminished.
6thly. Because we do not apprehend that the Quakers, as a sect,
are really under such scruples in point of an oath, that it is neces-
sary to ease them by such an Act; few of them having for five and
twenty years past, since their solemn affirmation (equivalent to an
oath) was enacted, ever refused to comply with it; and should this
have now and then happened, yet when the great body of any sort
of sectaries are at ease in their consciences, the scruples of a few, we
think, ought not to be regarded; especially if continuing the law now
in force will probably extinguish those scruples: and the repeal of it
will certainly give new life and strength to them.
7thly. Because the security of the subject's property, which de-
pends upon testimony, seems to us to be lessened by this Act; the
reverence of an oath having been always observed to operate farther
towards the discovery of truth than any other less solemn form of
asseveration; nor can the Quakers be excepted in this case, whose
awful apprehensions of an oath appear from their earnest endeavours
to decline it; and, therefore, where the payment of tithes, by them
held to be sinful, is concerned, they will have strong inducements to
disguise the truth, in what they simply affirm, rather than wound
their consciences and credit, by contributing towards the support
of such antichristian payment: in other cases of property, their
interest only will clash with their veracity; but the double motive
of interest and conscience will influence them with respect to the
clergy, whose calling and maintenance they equally condemn.
8thly. Because the inducement mentioned in the Bill towards
granting the Quakers those favours, that they are well-affected to
the government (a position of which we have some doubt) might, we
apprehend, be improved into a reason for granting the like favours
to Deists, Arians, Jews, and even to heathens themselves; all of
which may possibly be, as some of them certainly are, friends to the
government: however, their friendship, we presume, would be cul-
-
º
APPENDIX. 793
tivated at too great an expense, if for the sake of it, any thing should
be done by the legislature which might weaken the security of all
governments, an oath ; and by that means do more mischief to the
state in one respect than it brought advantage in another : and we
the rather thus choose to reason, because an argument was urged in
the debate, and no ways disallowed, that if heathens themselves
were equally of use to the state, as the Quakers are, they ought also,
equally by law, to be indulged; whereas our firm persuasion is, that
as no man should be persecuted for his opinions, so neither should
any man who is known to avow principles destructive of Christianity,
however useful he may otherwise be to the state, be encouraged by a
law made purposely in his favour, to continue in those principles.
W. Ebor', Montjoy, Gower, St. John de Bletsoe,
Fra. Roffen', Strafford, Salisbury, Fran. Cestriens’.
Compton, Trevor, Aberdeen,
PROTEST AGAINST THE ESTABLISHMENT OF PEST-Hous Es; AND
AGAINST DRAWING LINES AROUND CITIES AND TOWNS IN CASE
OF PLAGUE -
Die Mercurii, 13 Decembris, 1721.
The House being moved to give leave, that a Bill be brought in
“for repeal of so much of the Act, passed last session, “for prevent-
ing the plague being brought from foreign parts,’ as gives a power to
remove to a lazaret, or pest-house, any persons whatsoever infected
with the plague, or healthy persons out of an infected family, from
their habitations (though distant from any other dwelling-house),
and also so much of the said Act as gives power for the drawing lines
or trenches round any city, town, or place, so infected;"—
After debate, the question was put thereupon,
And it was resolved in the negative.
Contents, 20.—Not Contents, 39.
Dissentient’,
1st. Because the powers specified in the question seem to us such
as can never wisely or usefully be put in execution ; for, by the first
of them, persons of what rank or condition whatsoever, either actu-
ally infected, or being in the same habitation, though in lone houses
where they are well accommodated, and from whence there is no dan-
ger of propagating the infection, may be forcibly removed into com-
5 I
794 APPENDIX.
mon lazarets, or pest-houses; and it does not appear to us that such
a power could, at any time, be reasonably executed ; and, therefore,
we conceive, it should be repealed.
The other power extends to the drawing of lines around any city,
town, or place, and consequently around the cities of London and
Westminster; the very apprehension of which, upon the least ru-
mour of a plague, would disperse the rich, and by that means (as
well as by hindering the free access of provisions) starve the poor,
ruin trade, and destroy all the remains of public and private credit.
2dly. Because such powers as these are utterly unknown to our
constitution, and repugnant, we conceive, to the lenity of our mild
and free government, a tender regard to which was shown by the
Act of James I. which took care only to confine infected persons
within their own houses and to support them under their confine-
ment, and lodged the execution of such powers solely in the civil
magistrate; whereas the powers by us excepted against, as they are
of a more extraordinary kind, so they will probably (and some of
them must necessarily) be executed by military force; and the vio-
lent and inhuman methods which, on these occasions, may, as we
conceive, be practised, will, we fear, rather draw down the infliction
of a new judgment from heaven, than contribute any ways to remove
that which shall then have befallen us.
3dly. Because, we take it, these methods were copied from France,
a kingdom, whose pattern in such cases, Great Britain should not
follow, the government there being conducted by arbitrary power,
and supported by standing armies; and to such a country such me-
thods do, in our opinion, seem most suitable; and yet, even in that
kingdom, the powers thus exercised have of late been as unsuccess-
ful as they were unprecedented ; so that no neighbouring state hath
any encouragement from thence to follow so fatal an example—
In the first plague with which we were visited, anno dom. 1665,
though none of these methods were made use of, much less author-
ised by Parliament, yet the infection, however great, was kept from
spreading itself into the remoter parts of the kingdom; nor did the
city of London, where it first appeared and chiefly raged, suffer so
long or so much, in proportion to the number of its inhabitants, as
other cities and towns in France have suffered, where these cruel
experiments have been tried.
4thly. Because had such part of the Act as, we think, should be
APPENDIX. 795
repealed, been accordingly repealed, there would still have remained
in it a general clause which gives the crown all powers necessary to
prevent the spreading of infection, and consequently these very
powers, among the rest, if they shall be found necessary; and there-
fore there is no need, we conceive, to have them expressly granted
in the same Act of Parliament, which seems not only to warrant,
but in a particular manner to prescribe and direct the use of them.
5thly. Because the great argument urged for continuing these
powers specified in the question, that they would probably never be
put in execution in the cases objected to, seems to us a clear reason
why they should not be continued; for we cannot imagine why they
should stand enacted, unless they are intended to be executed, or of
what use it will be to the public to keep the minds of the people
perpetually alarmed with those apprehensions under which they now
labour, as appears by the petition from the city of London, lately re-
jected: it may be an instance of our great confidence in his Majesty's
wisdom and goodness, when we trust him with such powers, un-
known to the constitution; but we think it ill becomes us to repose
such trust, when it tends, in our opinion, rather to render him ter-
rible than amiable to his subjects, and when the only advantage, he
can, as we conceive, draw from the trust reposed in him, is, not to
make use of it.
W. Ebor', St. John de Bletsoe, Bristol, Cowper,
North and Grey, Gower, Trevor, Bingley,
Weston, Strafford, Uxbridge, Guilford,
Fra. Roffen', Boyle, Aylesford, Foley,
Coningesby, Fr. Cestriens', Aberdeen, Bathurst.
PROTEST AGAINST DISARMING THE SCOTTISH HIGHLANDERS.
Die Lunae, 3 Maii, 1725.
Hodie 3 vice lecta est billa, intituled, “An Act for more effectually
disarming the Highlanders, in that part of Great Britain called
Scotland, and for the better securing the peace and quiet of that part
of the kingdom.”
The question was put, whether this Bill, with the amendments,
shall pass.
It was resolved in the affirmative.
796 APPENDIX.
Dissentient’,
1st. Because the Bill sets forth, that many persons in the High-
lands commit many robberies and depredations, and oppose the due
execution of justice against robbers, outlaws, and persons attainted;
which assertion we conceive was meant as an inducement to pass
the Bill, and therefore should have been fully made out by proof, or
have been undeniably clear from its notoriety; but no proof was
attempted to be made of it, and we have not heard that such out-
rages, as are charged upon the Highlanders, have been committed
by them of late.
2dly. We apprehend that this Bill gives to Lords Lieutenants of
counties, Justices of the Peace, and others, such large and dis-
cretionary powers in some cases, as are hardly to be trusted in
the hands of any persons in a free government, unless apparently
necessary to the preservation of it.
3dly. Since the behaviour of the Highlanders has been peaceable
and inoffensive for some years past, and is so at present, as far as
appears to us, we cannot but fear this Bill may prove unseasonable;
may hazard the loss of that invaluable blessing which we now enjoy,
a perfect calm and tranquillity; and raise amongst these people that
spirit of discontent and uneasiness which now seems entirely laid:
for, we apprehend that the execution of some authorities in this Bill
is more likely to create than to prevent disorders; we think it ap-
plies severe remedies where, as far as we can perceive, there is no
disease, and this at a time when the Highlanders not being accused
of any enormities for which, in our opinion, the legislature ought in
justice to punish them, or in prudence to fear them, we think it
would become us as good patriots to endeavour rather to keep them
quiet than to make them so.
Wharton, Scarsdale, Litchfield.
Gower, Boyle,
PROTEST AGAINST EMPLOYING HANOVERIAN TROOPS IN THE BRITISH
SERVICE.
Die Weneris, 9 Decembris, 1743.
The House was moved, that an humble address be presented to
his Majesty,+* That his Majesty will most graciously be pleased to
give orders, that the sixteen thousand Hanoverians, now in the pay of
APPENDIX. 797
Great Britain, be no longer continued in the service of this nation,
after the 25th of this instant December, thereby to put a stop to the
jealousies and heart-burnings amongst his Majesty's faithful subjects
at home, and his British forces abroad.”
Which being objected to, and a long debate thereupon, the question
was put on the said motion.
It was resolved in the negative.
Contents, 36–Not Contents, 71.
Dissentient’,
1st, Because we conceive, that the reasons assigned in the question
not only justified, but called for that question, as a proper and ne-
cessary exercise of the inherent rights of this House, to advise the
crown; and we are convinced, that such jealousies and animosities
have arisen, and will continue between the troops of Great Britain
and those of Hanover, that they can no longer act together, without
evident danger of the most pernicious and fatal consequences.
2dly, Because this our conviction is founded upon the most public
and universal notoriety, first transmitted from the army abroad, then
confirmed without doors, by the unanimous and concurrent accounts
of all the officers that are returned from them ; and now uncontra-
dicted by any of those noble Lords, who had the honour of serving
the last campaign, and who were appealed to for the truth of this
proposition, while the question was under our consideration. A
silence, which, we apprehend, amounts to a demonstration of the
truth of the facts alleged.
3dly, Because an army divided against itself, in such a manner
as ours will certainly be, if the sixteen thousand Hanoverians are
still to continue part of it, can give no strength to whatever allies
we have, no terror to our enemies, but must greatly obstruct, and
probably defeat the success of any operation or service in which it
can be employed.
4thly, Because the incompatibility of the British and Hanoverian
troops being known to all Europe, nothing can be a greater induce-
ment to the Queen of Hungary and the King of Sardinia, to quit
our alliance, and make a separate peace for themselves, than if they
should find, that, instead of a real and effectual support, we are re-
solved to give the name of an army only ; which, from the above-
mentioned reasons, cannot co-operate in any plan of their service,
or the benefit of the common cause,
798 - APPENDIX.
5thly, Because we apprehend, that were it necessary, there would
be no difficulty in replacing the Hanover troops with sixteen thousand
others, at least as good, and as cheap, and not liable to the same, or
any other objections from other states, who would be very willing to
treat with us about such a bargain. Nay, we conceive, that this
number might without any danger be in a great degree supplied by
our national troops now in Great Britain, and still leave more for
the defence of the kingdom at home, than were kept here at any
time during the last war. And we can discover no good reason, in
our present burthened and exhausted condition, for keeping a number
of national troops useless at home, and paying at the same time so
considerable a number of useless mercenaries abroad.
6thly, Because the willingness of the States General of the
United Provinces, or any other power in Europe, to enter into a
closer conjunction with us, at this critical time, must chiefly depend
upon the idea they shall conceive of the state of this nation at home;
especially with regard to the greater or lesser degree of union and
harmony, which shall appear to subsist between his Majesty and his
people in these his royal dominions. And it is known all over Europe,
how much discontent and dissatisfaction the taking of these sixteen
thousand Hanover troops into the pay of Great Britain, together
with the many unhappy and mortifying circumstances that have
attended that measure, has universally raised in this kingdom; and
how much reason there is to apprehend an increase of that dissatis-
faction, if it should be a determined measure of government, to con-
tinue so odious a burden upon the nation, not only without any ad-
vantage, but with the most visible danger to the service abroad.
7thly, Because we conceive it to be as much the duty, as it is the
right of the Peers of this realm, who are hereditary counsellors to the
King, and mediators between the crown and the people, to interpose
their timely advice against such measures, as are calculated, in our
opinions, for the private views of particular people only, and have a
manifest tendency to alienate the love of the nation in general from
this royal family, which we will always support with true English
hearts, and with such counsels, as we do in our consciences think
the most conducive to their glory, and to maintain and preserve the
honour and dignity of that British crown, to which alone we owe
our allegiance.
8thly, Because we know there are partialities almost inseparable
APPENDIX. 799
from human nature, and blameless in themselves, when acting within
their proper bounds, which yet must have a most fatal influence, if
encouraged to mix themselves with the affairs of this nation, either
in the council, or in the camp; and we do, from our souls, scorn
and abominate that most abject and criminal adulation, which either
gives way to, or inflames such partialities, in prejudice to the national
honour and interest of our country: we therefore thought it neces-
sary, to enter these our reasons against the further continuance of
these mercenaries, which, for one campaign only, have already cost
this nation near seventy thousand pounds, and which appear to us
to have been in many instances disobedient to British orders, and
utterly incompatible with British troops: that, as our votes have
(we hope) proved us to the present age, our names in the books may
transmit us to posterity,+ENGLISHMEN.
Marlborough, Aylesbury and Elgin, Gower,
Talbot, Faversham, Abingdon,
Chesterfield, Thanet, Denbigh,
Bridgewater, Hereford, Stanhope,
Coventry, Litchfield, Masham,
Shaftesbury, Westmorland, Rockingham,
Sandwich, Northampton, Mansel,
Bedford, Foley, Beaufort.
Huntingdon,
CONCERNING Disor DERS IN THE HOUSE, AND OF DERING STRANGERS
To witHDRAW, DURING DEBATE.
Die Lunae, 10 Decembris, 1770.
The House was moved, that the Standing Order, No. 112, re-
lating to the clearing the House, might be read: which being read,
the House was cleared.
Dissentient’,
Because a Peer being, in the course of a most spirited, but proper
and decent speech, introductory to a motion of importance to the
public safety, which he declared it his intention to make, was, under
pretence of speaking to order, interrupted in a manner equally in-
sidious and disorderly.
When the Peer was thus improperly and groundlessly interrupted,
and the Standing Order, No. 112, relative to the clearing the House,
800 APPENDIX.
was read, another Peer, getting up to speak to order upon this asto-
nishing interruption, could not obtain a hearing.
The irregular, clamorous, and indecent behaviour of several Lords,
who called out incessantly, “ Clear the House ! Clear the House !”
rendered all argument and all representation upon the subject utterly
impracticable.
This indecent, and hitherto unprecedented uproar, was continued
even when the noble Lord on the woolsack stood up with his hat
off, to explain order. The same tumult which at first interrupted
the Lord in his speech, and did not permit the Lord who spoke
to order to be heard, prevented also any information from the
woolsack.
In this unexpected tumult, in which every idea of parliamentary
dignity, the right of free debate, all pretence to reason or argument,
were lost and annihilated; despairing of being able to hear, or to be
heard, we found ourselves at length obliged to leave the House.
And we cannot, without the utmost concern, reflect upon the method
in which the House was cleared; thinking the personal interference
of Peers, and their going to the bar to require the members of the
other House to withdraw, to be equally derogatory from the dignity
of the Lords, and disrespectful to the House of Commons.
We must consider this proceeding (too manifestly premeditated
and prepared) to have been for no other purpose than to preclude
inquiry on the part of the Lords; and, under colour of concealing
secrets of state, to hide from the public eye the unjustifiable and
criminal neglects of the ministry, in not making sufficient and timely
provision for the national honour and security.
We therefore do now most solemnly protest against the whole of
this irregular conduct, as tending to suppress the sober and dispas-
sionate deliberation which ought to guide the proceedings of this
House, and to substitute clamour and violence in the place of reason
and argument.
Richmond, Bolton, Abergavenny,
Chatham, Ponsonby, Torrington,
Huntingdon, Rockingham, Milton,
- Fitzwilliam, Northumberland, Archer,
Portland, Wycombe, Devonshire.
Manchester,
APPENDIX. 801
PROTEST AGAINST THE CONTINUANCE OF THE AMERICAN WAR.
Die Jovis, 26 Octobris, 1775.
The Lord Chancellor reported his Majesty's speech, and the same
being read by the clerk,
It was moved, that an humble address be presented to his Majesty,
“ to return his Majesty the thanks of this House for his most gracious
speech from the throne,” &c.
The following amendment was proposed:
“ That we behold, with the utmost concern, the disorders and
discontents in the British colonies, rather increased than diminished
by the means that have been used to suppress and allay them; a
circumstance alone sufficient to give this House just reason to fear
that those means were not originally well considered, or properly
adapted to answer the ends to which they were directed.
“We are satisfied by experience, that the misfortune has, in a
great measure, arisen from the want of full and proper information
being laid before the Parliament of the true state and condition of
the colonies; by reason of which, measures have been carried into
execution injurious and inefficacious, from whence no salutary end
was reasonably to be expected; tending to tarnish the lustre of the
British arms, to bring discredit on the wisdom of his Majesty's
councils, and to nourish, without hope of end, a most unhappy
civil war.
“Deeply impressed with the melancholy state of public concerns,
we shall, in the fullest information we can obtain, and with the
most mature deliberation we can employ, review the whole of the
late proceedings, that we may be enabled to discover, as we shall be
most willing to apply,–the most effectual means of restoring order
to the distracted affairs of the British empire, confidence to his
Majesty's government, obedience, by a prudent and temperate use
of its powers, authority of Parliament,-and satisfaction and hap-
piness to all his people.
“By these means we trust we shall avoid any occasion of having re-
course to the alarming and dangerous expedient of calling in foreign
forces to the support of his Majesty's authority within his own do-
minions, and the still more dreadful calamity of shedding British
blood by British hands.”
5 k
802 APPENDIX.
The question was put upon the amendment.
It passed in the negative.
Contents . . 29 Not Contents . 69
—29 Proxies . . . 11
–80
The question was next put upon the motion for an address as at
first proposed.
It passed in the affirmative.
Contents . . 66 Not Contents .. 33
Proxies . . . 10 –33
–76
Dissentient',
1st, Because we cannot, as Englishmen, as Christians, or as men
of common humanity, consent to the prosecution of a cruel civil war,
so little supported by justice, and so very fatal in its necessary con-
sequences, as that which is now waging against our brethren and
fellow subjects in America. We have beheld with sorrow and in-
dignation, session after session, and notwithstanding repeated warn-
ings of the danger, attempts made to deprive some millions of British
subjects of their trade, their laws, their constitution, their mutual
intercourse, and of the very food which God has given them for their
subsistence. We have beheld endeavours used to enforce these im-
politic severities at the point of the bayonet. We have, on the
other hand, beheld so large a part of the empire united in one com-
mon cause, really sacrificing with cheerfulness their lives and
fortunes, and preferring all the horrors of a war raging in the very
heart of their country to ignominious ease. We have beheld this
part of his Majesty's subjects, thus irritated by resistance, and so
successful in it, still making professions, in which we think it
neither wise nor decent to affect a disbelief of the utmost loyalty to
his Majesty; and unwearied with continued repulses, repeatedly
petitioning for conciliation, upon such terms only as shall be con-
sistent with the dignity and welfare of the mother country. When
we consider these things, we cannot look upon our fellow subjects
in America in any other light than that of freemen driven to re-
sistance by acts of oppression and violence.
2dly, Because this unnatural war, thus commenced in oppression,
and in the most erroneous policy, must, if persevered in, be finally
ruinous in its effects. The commerce of Great Britain with America
APPENDIX. 803
was great and increasing, the profits immense, the advantages, as a
nursery of seamen, and as an inexhaustible magazine of naval stores,
infinite; and the continuance of that commerce, particularly in
time of war, when most wanted to support our fleets and revenues,
not precarious, as all foreign trade must be, but depending solely on
ourselves. These valuable resources, which enabled us to face the
united efforts of the House of Bourbon, are actually lost to Great
Britain, and irretrievably lost, unless redeemed by immediate and
effectual pacification.
3dly, Because Great Britain, deprived of so valuable a part of
its resources, and not animated, either with motives of self-defence,
or with those prospects of advantage and glory, which have hitherto
supported this nation in all its foreign wars, may possibly find itself
unable to supply the means of carrying on a civil war, at such a
vast distance, in a country so peculiarly circumstanced, and under
the complicated difficulties which naturally attend it. Still less
should we be able to preserve, by mere force, that vast continent,
and that growing multitude of resolute freemen who inhabit it, even
if that or any other country was worth governing against the in-
clination of all its inhabitants. But we fear, that while we are
making these fruitless efforts, refusing to give credit to the declara-
tions of our fellow subjects, and blindly confiding in the insidious
professions of the natural enemies of this country, we are preparing
an easy prey for those who prudently sit quiet, beholding British
forces, which, if united, might be in a condition,-from their valour,
numbers, and discipline,—to carry terror into the very heart of their
kingdoms, destroying each other. Every event, whichever way it
turns, is a victory to them. Our very hospitals furnish them with
daily triumphs; the greater, as they are certain, without any risk to
them of men or money.
4thly, Because we conceive the calling in foreign forces to decide
domestic quarrels, to be a measure both disgraceful and dangerous;
and that the advice which ministers have dared to give to his Majesty,
which they have avowed and carried into execution, of sending to
the garrisons of Gibraltar and Port Mahon, the dominions of the
crown of Great Britain, a part of his Electoral troops, without any
previous consent, recommendation, or authority of Parliament, is
unconstitutional. That Hanoverian troops should, at the mere plea-
sure of the ministers, be considered as a part of the British military
804 APPENDIX.
establisnment, and take a rotation of garrison duties through these
dominions, is, in practice and precedent, of the highest danger
to the safety and liberties of this kingdom, and tends wholly to
invalidate the wise and salutary declaration of the grand funda-
mental law of our glorious deliverer, King William, which has
bound together the rights of the subject and the succession of the
croWIl.
5thly, Because the ministers, who are to be intrusted with the
management of this war, have proved themselves unequal to the
task, and in every degree unworthy of public trust. Parliament has
given them every assistance they asked; no unforeseen accidents
have stood in their way; no storms have disabled or delayed their
operations; no foreign power hath, as yet, interfered; but notwith-
standing these advantages, by their ignorance, negligence, and want
of conduct, our arms have been disgraced; upwards of ten thousand
of the flower of our army, with an immense artillery, under four
generals of reputation, and backed with a great naval force, have
been miserably blockaded in one seaport town, and after repeated
and obstinate battles, in which such numbers of our bravest men
have fallen, the British forces have not been able to penetrate one
mile into the country which they were sent to subdue; important
fortresses are seized, the governors are driven from their provinces,
and it is doubtful whether, at this moment, we are in possession of
a single town in all North America. Whether we consider its extent
or its commerce, England has lost half its empire in one campaign.
Nor can we impute the misconduct of ministers to mere inability,
nor to their ignorance of the state of America upon which they
attempt to justify themselves; for while some members of admi-
mistration confess they were deceived as to the strength and con-
dition of the provinces, we have from others received official in-
formation, that the insufficiency of the navy was concealed from
Parliament and part of administration, from a fear of not receiving
support from its members: we cannot therefore consent to an address
which may deceive his Majesty and the public into a belief of the
confidence of this House in the present ministers, who have deceived
Parliament, disgraced the nation, lost the colonies, and involved us
in a civil war against our clearest interests; and upon the most un-
justifiable grounds wantonly spilling the blood of thousands of our
fellow subjects,
APPENDIX. 805
Torrington, Stamford, Boyle,
Fitzwilliam, Ponsonby, Craven,
Archer, Abingdon, Scarborough,
Thanet, Manchester, Effingham,
Cholmondeley, Devonshire, Rockingham,
King, Chedworth, Richmond.
Portland,
CONCERNING THE UNDERTAKING OF GOVERNMENT CONTRACTS BY
MEMBERS OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS.
Die Veneris, 14 Aprilis, 1780.
The order of the day for the Lords to be summoned being read,
it was moved that the Bill, intituled “An Act for restraining any
person, being a member of the House of Commons, from being con-
cerned himself, or any person in trust for him, in any contract made
by the Commissioners of the Navy, the Board of Ordnance, or by
any other person or persons, for the public service, unless the said
contract shall be made at a public bidding,” be now read a second
time; which being done, it was moved that the Bilf b&ommitted,
and it being objected to, after long debate, the question was put
thereupon.
It was resolved in the negative.
Contents, 41—Not Contents, 61.
Then it was moved to reject the Bill, and the question was put
thereupon.
Resolved in the affirmative.
Dissentient’,
Richmond, Harcourt, Jersey.
Because the Commons, desirous of re-establishing the reputation
and authority of Parliament, and of giving satisfaction to the people,
at a time when the most cordial and unsuspicious confidence between
the representative and constituent bodies is essentially necessary,
have come to a resolution, “that it is necessary to declare, that the
influence of the crown has increased, is increasing, and ought to be
diminished.”
This resolution we conceive to be undeniably true, and highly
seasonable. Their commencement of the diminution (which they
have solemnly engaged to make), by the Bill here rejected, is no
806 APPENDIX.
less judicious. In the midst of a war, in which nothing (among all
its unhappy circumstances) is more remarkable than the prodigality
with which it is carried on, it appears peculiarly necessary to remove
from Parliament the suspicion that the rash adoption, the obstinate
continuance, and the corrupt supply of military arrangements, are
connected with the support of a court majority in Parliament.
2dly, Because the people, oppressed with actual impositions, and
terrified with the certain prospect of farther and heavier burdens,
have a right to be assured that none should have a power of laying
those burdens, who have an interest in increasing them. Neither
is it fit that they who are the principal subject of complaint, should
sit as the controllers of their own conduct. Contracts can never be
fairly made, when the parliamentary service of the contractor is a
necessary understood part of the agreement, and must be reckoned
into the price. But the most unexceptionable contract being a
matter of great advantage to the contractor, it becomes a means of
influence even when it is not a principle of abuse. It is the greatest
of all the bribes a minister has to bestow; and one day's job may
be worth the purchase of the fee of most of the places and pensions
that are held in that House.
3dly, Because no reasons have been assigned for the rejection of
this Bill, but such as appear to us frivolous or dangerous. It was
argued as necessary to abate “the frenzy of virtue,” which began to
show itself in the House of Commons. This new species of frenzy
we look upon to be rather a character of soundness, than a symptom
of insanity; and we fairly declare, that as we frequently come into
contact with the other House, we heartily wish that that distemper
may become contagious. Another reason assigned against this Bill,
“ that it is impossible for vast pecuniary emoluments to have any
influence on Members of Parliament,” appears to originate from so
perfect a puerility of understanding, or such a contempt of that of
the House and the nation, that it is mentioned as a matter to be
animadverted upon, not answered. Of the same nature is the argu-
ment drawn from supposed improbability of abuses in contracts,
because the law has left in the hands of ministers the means of
prosecuting at law the supporters of their power, and the accomplices
of their own fraud and malversation These arguments will give
little satisfaction to those who look at the House of Lords as a barrier
against some possibly sudden and mistaken warmth of the House of
APPENDIX. 807
Commons, that might be injurious to the just prerogatives of the
crown, or the rights of the people; but we will not bear the gross
abuse of this constitutional power, or that this House should set
itself as an obstruction to the most honourable, manly, and virtuous
resolution ever come to by a House of Commons; a resolution made
in direct conformity to the petitions of their constituents. We pro-
test, therefore, against our standing in the way of even the first
steps taken towards promoting the independence, integrity, and
virtue of a House of Parliament.

De Ferrars, Ferrers, Manchester,
Rockingham, Pembroke and Coventry,
Abergavenny, Montgomery, St. John,
Fortescue, Scarborough, Fitzwilliam,
Courtenay, J. St. Asaph, Abingdon,
Wycombe, Beaulieu, Portland,
Ponsonby, Osborne, Devonshire.
Percy, Cholmondeley,
For the first and third reasons, adopting however very heartily,
in the present state of parliamentary representation, the sound prin-
ciples contained in the second, which yet I conceive inapplicable to
this Bill.
RADNort.

-
CONCERNING THE INTRODUCTION OF FOREIGN TROOPS INTO GREAT
BRITAIN, &c.
Die Veneris, 21 Februarii, 1794.
The order of the day being read for the Lords to be summoned,
the Earl of Albemarle presented to the House a Bill, intituled “An
Act to indemnify such persons as have advised his Majesty to bring
within the dominions of Great Britain certain troops belonging to
the Landgrave of Hesse.”
The said Bill was read a first time.
It was moved that the said Bill be read a second time; which
being objected to, after debate, the question was put thereupon.
It was resolved in the affirmative.
Contents . . 68 Not Contents . 11
Proxies . . . 21 Proxy. . . . 1
- –89 —12
808 APPENDIX.
Dissentient',
1st, Because it is contrary to law for the crown to keep an army in
the kingdom, either in time of peace or in time of war, without the
previous consent of Parliament. And it is essential that this im-
portant constitutional principle (which was unequivocally admitted
in the debate) should be for ever maintained inviolate in this country.
And the friends of public liberty ought ever to bear in memory the
admirable vote of the House of Commons, on the 5th day of May,
1641, when it was resolved, “That this House doth declare, that
whosoever shall give counsel or assistance, or join in any manner to
bring any foreign force into the kingdom, unless it be by command of
his Majesty, with the consent of both Houses in Parliament, shall be
adjudged and reputed a public enemy to the King and kingdom.”
2dly, Because the annual Mutiny Bill is a proof that the crown
cannot perpetuate or assume a prerogative which Parliament an-
nually bestows; nor exercise at its own discretion that power which
the legislature specially limits.
3dly, Because it is a most dangerous doctrine, that the crown
has a right (by virtue of an “undefined prerogative,”) to do any act
which is not warranted, either by common, or by statute law, under
the frivolous pretence of its appearing to ministers to be useful.
And the supineness of Parliament, in the reign of King James II.,
when so many acts, notoriously illegal, were committed by the crown,
and yet passed unnoticed by the two Houses, clearly proves, that from
want of vigilance in certain Parliaments, precedents may be esta-
blished, subversive of the first principles of national freedom.
4thly, Because the maintaining of a foreign army on the establish-
ment, or within the territory of this kingdom, is in open defiance of
the very Act of Parliament which settles the crown on the present
royal family (namely, the 12th and 13th of William III. chap, the 2d),
which expressly enacts, “That no person born out of the kingdom of
England, Scotland, or Ireland, or the dominions thereunto belonging
(although he be naturalized, or made a denizen, except such as are
born of English parents) shall be capable to enjoy any office or place
of trust, either civil or military.” And the Act of the 29th Geo. II.
chap. the 5th, is a proof that the legislature deemed a special Act of
Parliament necessary, to enable the King to employ even a limited
number of subaltern foreign officers in America, only under certain
restrictions and qualifications.
APPENDIX. 809
5thly. Because “foreign mercenaries have always been useless, or
dangerous to those who employ them. Their conduct at first has gene-
rally been peaceable and ensnaring; at last, seditious and destructive.
And those states that have carried the points which they intended, by
their assistance, have usually in the event been enslaved by them.”
6thly. Because a prerogative in the executive power to introduce
any number, without limit, of armed foreign hirelings into any coun-
try, without the previous and express consent of the legislature, is
totally incompatible with any form of a free constitution. For not
only that government is tyrannical which is actually tyrannically
administered; but that government also is tyrannical (however ad-
ministered) where there is no sufficient security against its being
tyrannically administered in future. And I solemnly protest against
a measure, which tends to endanger the rights and liberties of my
fellow citizens, of whom I consider myself only as a trustee.
STANHoPE.
Dissentient’,
Because as it was in the debate unanimously admitted, that the
necessity of keeping in this country troops, whether native or fo-
reign, in time either of war or peace, without the consent of Parlia-
ment, is unconstitutional: and as it was also admitted unanimously,
that the troops in question are here upon grounds of fitness and ex-
pediency; and as the consideration of fitness and expediency, though
they may render, and in fact, in the present instance, do render the
measure not only justifiable, but highly meritorious, do in no degree
change its nature so as to make it more or less constitutional.
This Bill, though of a sort to be very sparingly adopted, yet was
of peculiar propriety; for in a matter of great moment, it declared
the law, saved the constitution, and did justice to the motives of the
executive government.
Because the stopping of this Bill leaves the troops here, without
any consent of Parliament.
Because the effect of the declarations by which the right of the
crown so to keep troops here was disclaimed, however strong,
general, and unequivocal, is yet transitory and fugitive; but the
fact that troops are so here, is notorious and recorded; and when
the motives which justified, and the declarations that reconciled to
the House the measure, are forgotten, may be turned into precedent.
RADNon.
5 L
81 () APPENDIX.
PROTEST AGAINST THE INTERFERENCE of Gover NMENT witH THE
AFFAIRS OF FRANCE.
Die Martis, 6 Januarii, 1795.
The order of the day being read for the Lords to be summoned,
It was moved to resolve, “That this country ought not, and will
not, interfere in the internal affairs of France; and that it is expe-
dient explicitly to declare the same.”
Which being objected to, it was moved to adjourn; but after
debate, the question was put ; when it passed in the affirmative.
Dissentient,’
1st. Because the motion made for the House to adjourn was
professedly intended to get rid of the following resolution, viz.
“Resolved, that this country ought not, and will not, interfere in
the internal affairs of France; and that it is expedient explicitly
to declare the same.”
2dly. Because I hold that it is contrary both to equity and policy
for any foreign country to interfere in the internal affairs or consti-
tution of the French republic, or of any other independent nation.
3dly. Because the government of Great Britain (not having been
elected by the citizens of France) can have no more right to give to
France a monarchical, or other form of government whatever, than
the crowned despots of Prussia and of Russia had to overturn the
free constitution of now unhappy Poland.
4thly. Because I heartily disapprove and reprobate the doctrine
advanced by ministers in the debate; namely, that to restore the
ancient and hereditary monarchy of France no expense should be
spared. And I reprobate that pernicious and uncivic doctrine the
more strongly, from its not having been suddenly, hastily, or incon-
siderately started; but from its having been taken up (as it was
solemnly declared) upon the utmost deliberation.
5thly. Because I deem it to be an injustice committed by minis-
ters towards my fellow-citizens, to adopt a principle which shall
render it necessary for the government of Great Britain to lay
farther heavy burdens upon the people, and to tax their houses,
their windows, their beds, their candles, their shoes, and many
other necessaries of life, in order to provide a fund to attempt the
accomplishment of such a wicked purpose as aforesaid.
APPENDIX. 811
6thly. Because the proposed resolution above stated was intended
by me as a solemn pledge that the government of this nation would
not interfere in the internal affairs of France; but the refusal of the
House to give such a pledge, tends to shut the door to peace, and
consequently tends to insure the ruin of this manufacturing, com-
mercial, and once happy country; particularly considering the in-
creased, and rapidly increasing, strength of the navy of the French
republic, independently of the prospect there is of their having the
natives of Holland and Spain under their immediate influence.
7thly. Because the public funds, the paper currency, and the
public and private credit of this country, will probably be unequal to
stand the tremendous shock to which ministers will now expose them.
8thly. Because I think that frankness, fairness, humanity, and
the principles of honesty, and of justice, are always, in the end, the
best policy; and I believe it to be true, in regard to nations, (as
well as with respect to individuals) that “nothing that is not just
can be wise, or likely to be ultimately prosperous.”
9thly. Because I lament the more, that the House should refuse
to disclaim the interfering in the internal constitution of France,
inasmuch as by the new constitution of the French republic, one and
indivisible, adopted by the present national convention, on the 23d
of June, 1793, and under the title of “The relation of the French
Republic with Foreign Nations,” and by the articles 118 and 119
of that constitution, it is declared and enacted, that—
“The French people is the friend and natural ally of every free
nation. It does not interfere with the government of other nations;
it does not suffer that other nations should interfere with its own.”—
So frank, so fair, and so explicit a declaration on their part, did,
in my opinion, entitle them to a better species of return.
10thly. Because I conceive that a true republican form of govern-
ment, being firmly established in France, is much more safe for the
liberties of the people of Great Britain, than the tyrannical, capri-
cious, perfidious, secret, intriguing, and restless ancient monarchy of
France; or than any other monarchy they could there establish; but
even if I were of a direct opposite way of thinking, I would not be
guilty of the gross injustice of attempting to force a monarchy upon
them contrary to their inclination.
11thly. Because I think that no war ought to be continued, that
can, by a proper line of moderation, be avoided; and the more espe-
812 APPENDIX.
cially with respect to the French people, who, by their republican
exertions, republican enthusiasm, and republican courage, have made
victory the almost constant “Order of the day.”
12thly. Because the continuing of such a bloody contest, without
necessity, appears to me to be a profane tempting of Divine Pro-
vidence, in whose benign and almighty hands the fate of battles and
of empires is placed.
13thly. Because I wish to wash my hands entirely of all the
innocent blood that may be shed in this war with France, of all the
carnage which may take place, and of all the destruction, confusion
and devastation (perhaps in Great Britain itself) which may ensue.
14thly. Because it was my object to preclude the government of
Great Britain from attempting to stir up, or excite insurrections in
La Vendee, or any other department of the French republic; and
the resolution I moved was well calculated for that purpose.
And, 15thly. Because the maxim of “Do not to others that which
you would not wish done to yourself,” is an unerring rule, founded
upon the clear principles of justice, that is to say, of Equality of
Rights. It is upon that strong and solid ground that I make my
stand; and all public men, in order to merit the confidence of the
British people, must show their determination to act with frankness,
unequivocal good faith, and justice, towards the French republic.
Having, upon this most important and momentous subject, fre-
quently stood alone, and having also been, upon this last occasion,
totally unsupported in the division, if I should, therefore, cease at
present to attend this House, (where I have been placed by the mere
accident of birth) such of my fellow-citizens as are friends to freedom,
and who may chance to read this my solemn protest, will find that
I have not altered my sentiments or opinions, and that I have not
changed any of my principles; for my principles never can be changed.
And those fellow-citizens will also find that I hereby pledge
myself to my country, that I shall continue, what I ever have been,
a zealous and unshaken friend to peace, to justice, and to liberty,
political, civil, and religious; and that I am determined to die (as I
have lived) a firm and steady supporter of the unalienable rights
and of the happiness of all mankind.
STANHoPE.
R O Y AL APP R O B ATION
OF THE
CHOICE OF A SPEAKER
OF THE
COMMONS' HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT.
[The form and ceremonial of choosing and approving of a Speaker
of the Honourable the House of Commons being on every occasion
similar, the reader is here presented with an example in the case
of Sir Job Charlton, one of the Speakers in the reign of Charles II.]
Speech by the Lord Chancellor, Feb. 4, 1672.
My Lords, and you, the Knights, Citizens, and Burgesses of
the House of Commons,
His Majesty hath commanded me to tell you, that he hath many
things to say to you : but he thinks not this a proper time, but will
defer it till the House of Commons be completed with a new Speaker;
for his Majesty hath, since the last session, as a mark of his favour
to his House of Commons, and that he might reward so good a ser-
vant, taken their late Speaker, Sir Edward Turner, to be Lord Chief
Baron of the Exchequer, and called him by writ to be an assistant
to this House. I am therefore commanded to acquaint you, gentle-
men of the House of Commons, that it is the King's pleasure you
repair to your House, and elect a discreet, wise, and learned man;
who, after he hath been by you presented, and that presentation ad-
mitted by his Majesty, shall then possess the office of your common
mouth and Speaker. And the King is pleased to be here to-morrow
in the afternoon, to receive the presentment of him accordingly.
814 APPENDIX.
Speech by Sir Job Charlton, Speaker of the House of Commons,
Feb. 5, 1672.
Most Gracious Sovereign,
The knights, citizens, and burgesses of your House of Commons,
in obedience to your royal command, have proceeded to the choice of
a Speaker. They have among them many worthy persons eminently
qualified for so great a trust; yet, with too favourable an eye, have
cast it upon me, who am really conscious to myself of many infirm-
ities, rendering me much unfit for so great an employment. And
although my endeavours of excusing myself before them have not
been successful, yet they have been so indulgent as to permit me to
continue my endeavours therein before your Majesty's most piercing
and discerning judgment.
The veneration due to Majesty, which lodgeth in every loyal
breast, makes it not an easy matter to speak before your Majesty
at any time, or in any capacity. But to speak before your Majesty
in your exaltation, thus gloriously supported and attended, and that
as Speaker of your House of Commons, requires greater abilities
than I can pretend to own.
I am not also without fear that the public affairs, wherein your
Majesty and your kingdom in this juncture of time are so highly
concerned, may receive detriment through my weakness.
I therefore, with a plain humble heart, prostrate at your royal
feet, beseech that you will command them to review what they have
done, and to proceed to another election.
Then the Lord Chancellor, by direction from his Majesty, returned
this answer:
Mr. Serjeant Charlton,
The King hath very attentively heard your discreet and handsome
discourse, whereby you endeavour to excuse and disable yourself for
the place of Speaker : in answer whereof, his Majesty hath com-
manded me to say to you, that he doth in no sort admit of the same;
for his Majesty hath had long experience of your abilities, good af.
fection, integrity, and resolution, in several employments of great
trust and weight. He knows you have been long a Parliament man,
and therefore every way fitted and qualified for the employment.—
Besides, he cannot disapprove the election of this House of Com-
APPENDIX. 815
mons, especially when they have expressed so much duty in choosing
one so worthy and acceptable to him. And therefore the King doth
allow of the election, and admits you for Speaker.
Whereupon Mr. Speaker made this reply.
Great Sir,
Since it is your gracious pleasure not to accept of my humble
excuse, but by your royal approbation to fix me under this great
though honourable weight, and to think me fit to be invested
with a trust of so high a nature as this is ; I take it, in the first
place, to be incumbent upon me, that I render your Majesty all
possible thanks; which I now humbly do, with a heart full of all
duty, and offered with a deeper sense of gratitude than I can find
words to express. -
Next, from your royal determination in this affair, whereby you
have imprinted a new character upon me, I take courage against my
own diffidence, and cheerfully bend myself, with such strength and
abilities as God shall give, to the service so graciously assigned me;
no way doubting that your Majesty will please to pardon my frail-
ties, to accept of my faithful endeavours, and always to look favour-
ably upon the work of your own hands.
And now, Sir, my first entrance upon this service obliges me to
make a few necessary, but humble petitions, on the behalf of your
most loyal and dutiful House of Commons:
1. That, for our better attendance on the public service, we and
our servants may be free in our persons and estates from arrests and
other disturbances.
2. That, in our debates, liberty and freedom of speech be allowed
to us. -
3. That, as occasions shall require, your Majesty, upon our humble
suit, and at such times as your Majesty shall judge seasonable, will
vouchsafe us access to your royal person.
4. That all our proceedings may receive a favourable construction.
That God who hath brought you back to the titone of your fathers,
and with you all our comforts, grant you a long and prosperous reign,
and send you victory over all your enemies; and every good man's
heart will say, Amen.


816 APPENDIX.
Upon nihich, by his Majesty's further direction, the Lord Chancellor
said as followeth :
Mr. Speaker,
The King's Majesty hath heard, and well weighed, your short and
eloquent oration; and, in the first place, much approves that you
have with so much advantage introduced a shorter way of speaking
upon this occasion. His Majesty doth well accept of all those duti-
ful and affectionate expressions in which you have delivered your
submission to his royal pleasure ; and looks upon it as a good omen
to his affairs, and as an evidence that the House of Commons have
still the same heart, that have chosen such a mouth. The conjuncture
of time, and the King and kingdom's affairs require such a House
of Commons, such a Speaker; for, with reverence to the Holy Scrip-
ture, upon this occasion the King may say, “He that is not with
me, is against me;” for he that doth not now put his hand and heart
to support the King in the common cause of this kingdom, can
hardly ever hope for such another opportunity, or find a time to make
satisfaction for the omission of this.
Next, I am commanded by his Majesty to answer your four peti-
tions; whereof the first being the freedom of you and your servants,
your persons and estates, without arrests or other disturbance, the
King has graciously pleased to grant it, as full as to any of your pre-
decessors: the second, for liberty and freedom of speech: the third,
for access to his royal person; and the fourth, that your proceedings
may receive a favourable construction; are all freely and fully granted
by his Majesty.
CITIES AND TOWNS
IN
P N G L A N D, &c.
WHICH FORMERLY SENT
M E M B E R S T O
BUT WHICH
Alnwick, Northumberland.
Alresford, Hants.
Alton, Hants.
Axbridge, Somerset.
Bamburgh, or Bamberg, North-
umberland.
Basingstoke, Hants.
Bere-Regis, Dorset.
Berkhamstead, Herts.
Blandford, Dorset.
Bradford, Wilts.
Bradnesham, Devon.
Bromsgrove, Worcestershire.
Bromyard, Herefordshire.
Burford, Oxon.
Calais, France.
Canebrigg, orCorbrigg, Northum-
berland.
Chard, Somerset.
P A R L I AM ENT,
NOW DO NOT.
Chelmsford, Essex.
Chipping Norton, Oxon.
Crediton, Devon.
Deddington, Oxfordshire.
Disbeach, or Wisbeach, Cam-
bridgeshire.
Doncaster, Yorkshire.
Dudley, Worcestershire.
Dunstable, Bedfordshire.
Dunster, Somerset.
East Retford", Nottinghamshire.
Egremont, Cumberland.
Ely, Cambridgeshire.
Exmouth, Devon.
Fareham, Hants.
Farnham, Surrey.
Fremington, Devon.
Glastonbury, Somerset.
Grampoundt, Cornwall.
* No writ has been issued for this borough since the Session of 1827, when the
then Members, viz. Sir R. Dundas and W. B. Wrightson, Esq., lost their seats, on
account of bribery. —The franchise has
Bassetlaw, in the same county.
since been extended to the Hundred of
+ Disfranchised in 1821, on account of “notorious and general bribery and cor-
ruption at elections.”—As the history of this quondam Member-of-Parliament
Manufactory is very curious; and as the circumstances which were developed on
5 M
818 DISFRANCHISED CITIES, &c.
Greenwich, Kent. Highworth, Wilts.
Halifax, Yorkshire. Jarvall, Yorkshire.
the trial of a few of the parties, whose delinquency was the cause of disfranchise-
ment, are only a picture of the mode in which the Cornish and other Rotten
Borough Electors of England are in the habit of bartering their countrymen's
liberties, and their own carcasses to the Devil, for gold; we shall here make a short
abstract of them for the benefit of the reader:—Grampound, which contained about
90 houses and 600 inhabitants, including a mayor, 8 aldermen, a recorder and a
town clerk (!) was a true Cornish Borough ; for, the electors, who were 42 in
number, disposed of their suffrages from time immemorial, without having the least
knowledge of their virtual representatives, their character or qualifications:-nay,
the very names of these gentlemen were seldom communicated to the towns-people
till the curtain was drawn up for the performance of the election farce.—The whole
affair was snugly managed by a small junta, who, having previously concluded a
secret bargain with the highest bidder, apportioned the prices of votes among the
electors according to the best of their cunning and ability:—always reserving the
lion's share to themselves, for their trouble.—This Borough was formerly under the
management of Lord Mount Edgecumbe, but a dispute arising between his Lord-
ship's steward and the voters, respecting the payment of gratuities before or after
an election; the latter, not thinking it proper to give credit, went in a body and
offered the command to Lord Elliot, who had the nomination of Members till 1802;
when Sir Christopher Hawkins, Bart, succeeded to the patronage. They were,
afterwards, for two Parliaments, under the influence of Mr. Basil Cochrane (uncle
to Lord Cochrane), against whom, actions for bribery were commenced in 1806, but
subsequently compromised.—At the general election of 1818, the representation
was again put up to sale; but the parties concerned in the nefarious traffic con-
ducting themselves with less discretion than is usually practised in seat-selling, the
whole affair was blown.—It seems that the first bargain was made between Sir
Manasseh Lopez, of boroughmongering celebrity, and the electors, themselves;
when it was agreed to return the Jewish Baronet and his friend, for a certain sum:—
2000l. of which were to be paid down, and the remainder after the election.—The
electors who made this agreement, being a considerable majority of Forty-Two,
immediately divided the 2000l. into shares of 35l. per man:—but, -O foul and
horrible stain on the annals of boroughmongery 1–the vile dogs had no sooner
pocketed Sir Manasseh's bounty, than they despatched four of their body, with a
Mister Nicholas Middlecoat, tailor and publican of Tregony (another Rotten Bo-
rough about three miles from Grampound), to London, to sell their virtual repre-
sentation over again!!—This Nicholas, who had long been accustomed to trans-
actions of the kind in question, was provided with a similar commission from the
honest and independent electors of Tregony; viz. –to sell the representation of that
Borough:—consequently, like his prototype, Old Nick, he was well calculated to
be the bosom-friend and counsellor of the Grampound worthies.—For the manner
in which he transacted the TREGONY business, See the ALPHABETIcAL List
of Counties, Boroughs, &c.—The result of the negotiations for Grampound was,
that the ensuing election was contested by siw candidates, viz. –two on the first
sale; two on the last, and by their two old representatives. On the day of election,
the most disgusting scene of confusion and recrimination took place;—one of the
electors, a man named Allen, and as great a rogue as any of them, proposed him-
self as a candidate, and demanded that the “bribery oath” should be administered
to the voters. This pill was rather too much to be publicly swallowed by these
conscientious gentlemen;-considering the notorious state of corruption in which
the Borough was known to be immersed:—the consequence was that a riot ensued,
and Allen was in great danger of losing his life for his temerity. The poll was
adjourned until the next day, when the mayor dispensed with the obnoxious oath:
—though contrary to law, he actually proceeded with the election without suffering

OF ENGLAND. 819
Kidderminster, Worcestershire. Langport, Somerset.
Kingston, Surrey. Ledbury, Herefordshire.

t
it to be administered 1–Messrs. Robertson and Innes, the last purchasers, were now
declared to be the successful candidates, having had 36 votes each:—Sir Manasseh
Lopez, for obvious reasons, withdrew his name on the second day; whilst his
colleague, Shaw, and the two old Members, Messrs. Teed and Collett, had, each, 11
votes. Mr. Teed petitioned against the sitting Members; but the affair was com-
promised for 10,000l., before the day appointed for investigation. Lord John
Russell, however, moved the House of Commons for an inquiry into the whole
transaction; the consequence of which was that, next session, this borough, for shame
sake, was disfranchised.—At the ensuing summer assizes, true bills were found
against Sir Manasseh Lopez, his agent, and 34 of the electors, for bribery and cor-
ruption, by the grand jury of Cornwall; and similar bills were found at Exeter,
for the same offence committed in Devonshire, by the same parties. At the next
Lent assizes, they were all tried and, except two, found guilty in both counties. The
Jewish Baronet, although he had been done out of his 2000l., was sentenced to two
years' imprisonment; but, owing to his advanced age and other circumstances, the
greater portion of the term of his confinement was afterwards remitted.
It is now time to return to the progress made by our Grampound Ambassadors
on their mission to London, after chousing and deserting Sir Manasseh; the par-
ticulars of which may be thus gathered from their trial for conspiracy, in the Court
of King's Bench on July 14th, 1819.-The culprits were Isaac Watts, Samuel
Croggan, John Luke, John Cooke, and Nicholas Middlecoat.-Mr. Sergeant Pell,
in stating the case to the jury, said that “the offence charged against the defendants
was one of the most serious that could be committed, and one which, at the present
period more than any other, demanded the interference of the law. There were a
great many counts on the record, and until they came to the sixteenth, none of them
related to the Borough of Grampound. He thought, however, they might leave
out of their consideration all the counts which related to Tregony;-the evidence
with respect to that place being very incomplete. The four first of the defendants
came from Grampound, the fifth was an inhabitant of Tregony, two places which
were not far from each other; and the jury would find, that with regard to the dis-
graceful act which occasioned the present prosecution, those Boroughs appeared to
have had a community of interests. He was unwilling to mention the names of
many of those who were engaged in these corrupt transactions, as the business had
already been very much canvassed throughout the country. In May last, when a
dissolution of Parliament was talked of, all Cornish Boroughs were naturally very
active, but more particularly the Borough of Grampound. There being then no
avowed candidate for Grampound or Tregony, these five defendants came to London
with the purpose of procuring Members for those places at a given price: and cer-
tainly, no greater offence could be imagined against the constitution of England,
than that which was imputed to them. It was nothing less than corrupting the
very fountain of legislation, and if such a proceeding were allowed to pass with
impunity, the consequences must be most fatal to the country l—The designs of
the defendants, and of persons like them, if carried into effect, must put an end to
the fair and impartial representation of the people! In the month of May the
defendants came up to town, and stopped at the Bell and Crown in Holborn, with
a view to carry into effect their corrupt intentions. He would prove that they all
either directly assented to the propositions made by one of their party; or else that
the whole of them made propositions in their own persons. They all admitted that
they came to sell seats for the Borough of Grampound, and that the money to be
given for those seats was to be distributed among the electors, after they had
retained a certain portion for themselves. As far as he could understand, no defence
could be set up to this indictment, except, perhaps, an endeavour to impeach the
credit of the witnesses, who certainly had been privy to the proceedings of the de-

820 DISFRANCHISED CITIES, &c.
Leeds, Yorkshire. Louth, Lincolnshire.
Liddeford, Devonshire. Manchester, Lancashire.
fendants. The jury would, however, bear in mind, that cases of conspiracy could
not be proved except by the evidence of those who were in some degree connected
with the conspirators.”
George Wills, a waiter at the Bell and Crown Inn, in Holborn, remembered that
the defendants came and remained there three weeks, in May and June, 1818; they
dined together in general, and had their bills every morning.
Joseph Vinacombe lived at Tregony, but was in London on the 18th of May,
1818; saw John Cooke about the 20th, at the Plough, in Carey-street. He said,
“ that he and the others were at the Bell and Crown, in Holborn : he understood
that a dissolution was about to take place, and he came to get a gentleman or two
for Grampound.” Witness said he came for the same purpose—Three or four days
afterwards, witness saw Cooke again at the Plough: he came alone. He said that
he had agreed with gentlemen for the borough of Grampound, and he had a gentle-
man who would advance the same sum for Tregony as had been given for Gram-
pound. The sum was 7000l. Witness said he was not disposed to join in any
opposition for Tregony. Cooke said, if he would take his advice, it would be of
service, as he had made a good thing of it. Next day the witness saw the others at
the Bell and Crown. He told Middlecoat he was going to see William Holmes, Esq.,
and Cooke requested him to tell Mr. Holmes that he was in town. In the morning,
witness saw Mr. Holmes, and received a letter from him for Middlecoat. He saw
Middlecoat again in three or four days, and then saw Cooke and the others at the
Bell and Crown. He said he wished to speak to Middlecoat in private, on which
the others withdrew. Middlecoat said that the business had gone on very well for
Grampound, and that if the people of Tregony had applied to him in time, he would
have done as well for them. He said 7000l. was the price for Grampound; that
Sir Manasseh Lopez had no chance of getting a seat for that borough; and that
Mr. Teed was too poor. He saw them all the day before he left town; they were
together at the Bell and Crown. Croggan said, “Our business is going on very
well for the borough of Grampound, and we expect to leave town in two or three
days.”
*examined by Mr. Gurney.—Did not know who was the prosecutor; did
not know for certain that Sir Christopher Hawkins carried on the prosecution; did
not know that Mr. Lambe was Sir Christopher's attorney on this occasion ; had
never been examined by Sir C. Hawkins respecting the evidence he was to give
to-day; could not say whether he had seen him about any interviews which he had
in London with Middlecoat at the Bell and Crown. Had known Sir C. Hawkins
these 20 years; was subpoenaed by Mr. Lambe; had understood that this was Mr.
Teed's business. -
Edward Penny knew Samuel Croggan before the last year. In June last went
to the Bell and Crown to see him; found him standing at the door. Witness spoke
of the dissolution of Parliament which was likely to take place. Croggan then sent
for Watts and Luke, who were walking a short distance off Croggan asked them
to walk into the inn. Witness asked, “who were their members, and what they
intended to do with them?” They said, “Turn them both out.” He said, he
wished to have some further conversation with them concerning Grampound. A
gentleman of the name of Pritchard was with him. They went up stairs into a
small room, near the bar, where a man was sitting at the head of the table. Croggan
said, “This is Mr. Middlecoat, who comes from Tregony.” All five defendants
then sat down. Croggan said, “Those gentlemen,” meaning witness and Pritchard,
“come for Grampound.” Middlecoat remarked, “Grampound is gone; it was
settled last night: but I think there is a chance of getting Tregony; there are 240
or 270 voters.” Witness asked him what the expense would be 2 Middlecoat said,
“6000 guineas, because, in election matters, we always reckon in guineas.”—This



OF ENGLAND. 821
Mere, Wilts. Milton, Dorset.
Melton Mowbray, Leicestershire. Modbury, Devonshire.
was for both seats. Middlecoat asked, whether we were ministerial or anti-
ministerial, and whether the seats were for ourselves, or for our friends.--We said,
“That is of no consequence: one, perhaps, for ourselves, and one for our friends:
but 6000 guineas is a great price, as the stocks are now very low.” He said the
six thousand guineas would not cover all expenses: it would be necessary also to
bring down counsel and give the electors a dinner. Witness said, that in the event
of the demise of his Majesty, there would be another Parliament; and would the
6000 guineas ensure another return ? Middlecoat said, “No, the rule is 1000l. for
one year; and if the Parliament lasts only three years, half the sum is to be returned.
I have been in the habit of doing these things for many years ; it requires a great
deal of secresy, and I never allowed a third person to be present before.” He then
recommended that witness and Pritchard should go down with Croggan and the
Grampound men, and stay till the morning of the election. He said, “the morning
was always the time to carry a contested election.” Croggan and Watts followed
witness down stairs. Croggan then said, “When I was above, Middlecoat would
not let me speak; now I will speak: Grampound is not gone; I don't know what
Middlecoat means.” Watts said, that he and Croggan were going to a gentleman
in the Strand about Grampound. Nothing further passed at that time. On the
following day witness went again to the Bell and Crown, and saw Luke and Croggan.
The latter said, “Tregony may certainly be got: there is a person in town respecting
it.” Witness said, he wished to have Grampound, if possible, as the small number
of voters would ensure a return. Luke said, he was sorry he had not seen witness
before : he was determined to oppose the interest of Sir Manasseh Lopez. The
members at that time were Mr. Collett, a hop-merchant in the borough, and Mr.
Teed. Witness said, “What is the objection to Mr. Collett?” The answer was,
“He has treated us ill, and we are determined to oppose him. As to Mr. Teed, he
is a very good man, but he has been very unfortunate, and we do not think he has
money enough to stand the election.”—Witness had applied to them at the instance
of Mr. Teed, who was an old friend of his; but he did not tell them for whom he
came. The following day he saw Cooke, Luke, Watts, and Croggan. He told
them he wished to come to some determination respecting Tregony, as Grampound
was gone. Croggan said, he would give an answer in three hours. Witness told
him to direct his letter to “Major Williams, Slaughter's Coffee-house, St. Martin’s-
lane.” At two o'clock on the same day Croggan gave him a letter from Middlecoat,
directed to “Major Williams,” stating, that from what he had heard since, on a certain
subject, he begged to decline any further conversation respecting it. Croggan said,
they were going to return home. Witness pressed them to stay till Friday (Mr.
Teed having told him that he wished to see them); they said, it was very ex-
pensive; he replied, “Never mind that—it can be easily settled.” They all then
said that Grampound was not disposed of.
Cross-examined.—Had lived at Camberwell about 12 months; was a purser in the
navy; had seen Croggan before he went to the Bell and Crown, but did not recollect
having seen any of the others; did not mention who he was: that remained a
secret. The name of the other gentleman, who also was a purser, and resided with
witness, was unknown to the parties; witness went at the request of Mr. Teed:
Mr. Teed had lived at Plymouth several years.
William Pritchard confirmed the conversation between the last witness and the
defendants at the Bell and Crown.
Benjamin Tanner, a ship-agent, lived in Burr-street, East Smithfield; and was
a friend of Mr. Teed's. In June of last year he went to the Bell and Crown, at
Mr. Teed's request; he did not know the defendants before he went there, nor did
he now know any of them except Middlecoat. When he went, he asked whether
there were not some gentlemen from Cornwall. The waiter said, “yes;” and


822 DISFRANCHISED CITIES, &c.
Montacute, Somersetshire. Odiham, Hants.
Newbury, Berks. Overton, Hants.
called Mr. Middlecoat to him. Middlecoat took him up stairs. Witness then
asked, whether he was one of the gentlemen who had come from Cornwall to dis-
pose of some seats 3 He replied, he had come with some others for that purpose;
but he believed the seats were engaged, or as good as engaged. Witness asked the
names of the boroughs they had to dispose of. He answered, Tregony and Gram-
pound: they were engaged; but he believed there was another place, St. Ives. He
said, “Do you apply for yourself, or as an agent?” Witness said, “I apply for
myself and for another.” “Are you aware,” said he, “that there has been an Act
passed, called Mr. Curwen's Act, by which you and myself would be endangered
in treating for a place?” Witness said, “I know nothing of that Act; but if you
are not disposed to treat for the sale of seats, I can say nothing further on the
subject.”—He then asked, whether both the seats for Grampound and Tregony
were gone. Middlecoat said, that two gentlemen had been in treaty with him for,
Tregony; and that the Grampound men were then gone out to speak with two
gentlemen respecting Grampound. He added, that Tregony was not finally settled,
as there had been some little disagreement between himself and the gentlemen
respecting the mode of paying the money; they wished to lodge it in the hands of
a third person till they were returned, and he wished to have it paid down. Wit-
ness said, “Do you expect any one to pay down the money on an uncertainty P”
He said, “No, I can give security to guarantee the two seats for 6000 guineas.”
Witness said, “What is necessary to constitute a voter P” The reply was, “Pot.
wallop.” Witness asked what he meant by that. He answered, “Every house-
keeper in the place ; the number is about 140; and if I had money I could settle
with them as I pleased; I could settle it more easy with the money down than by
a promise.” He added, “I shall not pay every man alike; I ought to receive
something for myself; and you will make a good thing of it, I dare say.” Witness
then asked the number of voters for Grampound. He said, about 50 would make
a majority.
Samuel Cooper, landlord of the Bell and Crown, remembered Mr. Penny calling
on the defendants at his house. He understood he was Major Williams, an East
India nabob.
Mr. Gurney addressed the jury for the defendants. He agreed with his learned
friend as to all he had said respecting the enormity of the offence; but in proportion
to that enormity, ought to be the strength of the evidence, and the respectability of
the witnesses to prove it. Now, who were the prosecutors of this indictment?—
No person had affected to know who had employed Mr. Lambe, the attorney. His
learned friend, the King's Sergeant, had spoken of the purity of elections: his
learned friend went the western circuit; but, if he had spoken of the purity of
election to the voters of Cornwall, there was not a single voter who would not have
laughed at him. (Mr. Sergeant Pell said “I did not speak of the purity of
elections in Cornwall.”) Very well, gentlemen, continued Mr. Gurney, my learned
friend says, that he cannot boast of the purity of election in that part of the kingdom.
Let us now look at the character and situation in life of the witnesses for this pro-
secution. They would have you believe, that when they went to the defendants
under circumstances so suspicious, they would not give in their names; yet, the
defendants entered into conversation with them as freely and familiarly as if they
had known them all their lives.—What is the conspiracy in this case? It is proved
that Mr. Penny went to these persons, under the name of Major Williams, as the
friend of Mr. Teed. His story, and Mr. Pritchard's story, and Mr. Tanner's story,
is, that they went to delude the parties by false pretences; and if they succeeded in
the way which they have stated, what security have you that they are not imposing
on you at this time? I am not less anxious than my learned friend to purge all
Boroughs of corruption; but let us take care that we do not sacrifice innocent men to







OF ENGLAND. 823
Pershore, Worcestershire, Teignmouth, Devon.
Pickering, Yorkshire. Tickhill, or Tykhull, Yorkshire.
Polerun, Cornwall. Torrington, Devon.
Ravenser, Yorkshire. Tunbridge, Kent.
Ross, Herefordshire. Wainfleet, Lincolnshire.
Sherborne, Dorset. Were, Somerset.
South Moulton, Devon. Watchet, Somerset.
Spalding, Lincolnshire. Whitby, Yorkshire.
Stoke Curcy, Somerset. Winborn, Dorset.
Storteford, or Bishop's-Stortford, Witney, Oxfordshire.
Herts. Yarmouth Parva, Suffolk.
THE SAME PLACES,
ARRANGED UNDER THEIR RESPECTIVE count IEs ;
WITH THE DATES OF THEIR
FRANCHISE AND DISCONTINUANCE.
BE, DEORD SHIRE.
When summoned. When discontinued.
Dunstable . - - . 4 Edw. II. . 11 Edw. III.
BER tº SHIRE.
Newbury - - - . 30 Edw. I. . 11 Edw. III.
those who wish to drive them from a Borough, in order that they may have the sole
management of it to themselves!—This case comes to you under circumstances too
suspicious to induce you to become the instruments of persons who have other
purposes, and those of a most corrupt nature, in view.
The Lord Chief Justice summed up the case to the jury, and stated, that they
had better consider this indictment as relating to Grampound only, as the evidence
respecting Tregony went only to two of the defendants. The only question, there-
fore, was, whether they believed that the five defendants came up to town to procure
money for returning persons to serve in Parliament for Grampound. It had been
urged that the witnesses were not worthy of credit, as they went to the parties with
a false representation; but, in conspiracies, it was hardly possible to get at the
offence without receiving the statement of those who had become acquainted with the
conspirators. Still it belonged to a jury to judge of the weight of their evidence.
In this case, if they believed the witnesses, it would be their duty to find the de-
fendants guilty of the conspiracy with which they were charged.—The jury im-
mediately returned a verdict of guilty against the whole gang.


824 DISFRANCHISED CITIES, &c.
Disbeach or Wisbeach
Ely
Grampound
Polerun
CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
When summoned.
---------
CORNWALL-
6 Edw. VI.
. 11 Edw. III.
When discontinued.
---------
27 Edw. III.
1 Geo. IV.
. 12 Edw. III.
Egremont .
CUMBERLAND.
. 23 Edw. I.
DEVONSHIRE.
. 24 Edw. I.
Bradnesham - -
Crediton
Exmouth
Fremington -
Liddeford . -
Modbury . -
South Molton
Teignmouth
Torrington .
Bere-Regis.
Blandford .
Milton
Sherborn
Winborn
Chelmsford .
Calais
6 Edw. II.
. 35 Edw. I.
. 14 Edw. III.
. 6 Edw. III.
. 28 Edw. I.
, 34 Edw. I.
. 30 Edw. I.
. 14 Edw. III.
. 23 Edw. I.
Do RSETSHIRE.
ESSEX.
. 11 Edw. III.
FRANCE.
. 27th Hen. VIII.
7 Edw. II.
. 36 Edw. I.
. 15 Edw. III.
7 Edw. III.
. 30 Edw. I.
. 35 Edw. I.
. 31 Edw. I.
. 15 Edw. III.
. 45 Edw. III.
---------
. 12 Edw. III.
3 Ph. & Mar.
Alresford
Alton
HAMPSHIRE,
. 23 Edw. I.
, 23 Edw. I.
. 35 Edw. I.
4 Edw. II.
OF ENGLAND. 825
When summoned. When discontinued.
Basingstoke. - - . 23 Edw. I. . 4 Edw. II.
Fareham . - - . 34 Edw. I. . 36 Edw. I.
Odiham - - - . 28 Edw. I. . 36 Edw. I,
Overton - - - . 23 Edw. I 2 Edw. II.
HEREFORD SHIRE.
Bromyard . - - , 33 Edw. I. . 34 Edw. I.
Ledbury . - - . 23 Edw. I. . 34 Edw. I.
Ross - - - . 33 Edw. I. . 34 Edw. I.
HERTFORD SHIRE.
Berkhamstead . - , 11 Edw. III. . 15 Edw. III.
Storteford, or Bishop's-
Stortford - : 4 Edw. II. , 15 Edw. III.
KENT.
Greenwich . - - . 4 & 5 P. & M. 6 P. & M.
Tunbridge . - - . 23 Edw. I. . 24 Edw. I.
LAN CASHIRE.
Manchester. - - . Commonwealth * 1 Chas. II.
LEICESTER SHIRE.
Melton Mowbray - . 1] Edw. III. , 12 Edw. III.
LIN COLN SHIRE.
Louth t - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Spalding . - - - 11 Edw. III. . 12 Edw. III.
Waynfleet . - - . 11 Edw. III. 12 Edw. III.
NORTHUMBERLAND.
Alnwick - - - --------- ---------
Bamberg . - - . 23 Edw. I. , 24 Edw. I
Canebrigg, or Corbrigg . 23 Edw. I. . 24 Edw. I.
* In the time of the Commonwealth, no writs were allowed to be sent to many
of the rotten boroughs now in existence; but Manchester, Halifax, Whitby, and
Leeds, being populous towns, were enjoined to send Representatives to Parliament.
On the restoration of monarchy, the latter were disfranchised.
+ see (Luda) 1 Palgrave, Calendar of Writs, 68.

5
N
826
DISFRANCHISED CITIES, &c. OF ENGLAND.
East Retford
Burford
Chipping Norton
Deddington
Witney
Axbridge
Chard
Dunster
Glastonbury
Langport
Montacute .
Stoke Curcy
Watchet
Were .
Yarmouth Parva
Farnham
Kingston-upon-Thames
Bradford
Highworth .
Mere . -
Bromsgrove
Dudley
Kidderminster
Pershore
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.
When summoned.
OXFORD SHIRE.
, 34 Edw.
. 28 Edw.
. 30 Edw.
. 33 Edw.
i
SOMERSETSHIRE.
. 23 Edw. I.
. 28 Edw. I.
, 34 Edw. III.
. 12 Edw. III.
. 33 Edw. I.
. 33 Edw. I.
. 34 Edw.
. 30 Edw. I.
. 34 Edw. I.
SU FFOLK.
. 11 Edw. III.
SURREY.
4 Edw. II.
4 Edw. II.
WILTS IIIR. E.
. 23 Edw. I.
. 23 Edw. I.
. 26 Edw. I.
WORCESTERSHIRE.
. 23 Edw. I.
. 23 Edw. I.
. 23 Edw. I.
. 23 Edw. I.
. 35 Edw.
. 34 Edw.
. 34 Edw.
. 17 Edw.
. 35 Edw.
. 13 Edw.
. 36 Edw. I.
. 34 Edw. I
. 35 Edw.
. 31 Edw. I.
. 36 Edw. I.
. 12 Edw.
. 24 Edw.
. 24 Edw.
. 24 Edw.
. 24 Edw.
When discontinued.
9 Geo. IV.
5 Edw.
I
I
I
-
III.
3 Edw. III.
III.
III.
III.
III.
. 38 Hen. VI.
. 47 Edw. III.
, 24 Edw. I.
l Edw. II.
. 27 Edw. IV.
:
ANCIENT REPRESENTATION OF SCOTLAND. 827
Doncaster
Halifax
Jarvall
Leeds
Pickering
Ravenser
Tykhullº
Whitby
YORKSHIRE.
When summoned.
. 23 Edw. I.
. Commonwealth .
. 23 Edw. I.
. Commonwealth .
. 23 Edw. I.
. 33 Faw. I.
. 23 Edw. I.
THE
SHIRES, STEWARTRIES, AND ROYAL BURGHS
S C OTL AND,
When discontinued.
. 24 Edw. I.
1 Chas. II.
. 24. Edw. I.
| Chas. II.
. 24 Edw. I.
. 12 Edw. III.
. 24 Edw. I.
. Commonwealth .
1 Chas. II.
AS THEY WERE CALLED OVER IN THE ROLLS OF PAR LIAMENT
WITH THE
B E FORE THE UNION:
NUMBER OF COMMISSIONERS RETURNED BY EACH.
Edinburgh returned
Haddington
Berwick
Roxburgh .
Selkirk
Peebles
Lanerk
Dumfries
Wigtown
Aire .
Dumbarton
SHIRES AND STEWARTRIES.
Bute returned
Renfrew
Striveling (Stirling)
Linlithgow
Perth
Kincardine
Aberdeen
Inverness
Nairn
Cromertie
Argyle
* Above 40 of this list appear in the Calendar of Writs in Edward I. and
Edward II.-See Prynne, Brevia Parliamentaria Rediviva, sect. 7 and sect. 8,
p. 223 to 239.
828 ANCIENT REPRESENTATION OF SCOTLAND.
Fife . - - - . 4 Orkney 2
Forfar, or Angus 4 Clackmannan l
Bamff - - . 2 Ross . 2
Kircudbright . - . 2 Kinross l
Sutherland 2 -
Caithness - ... 2 In all . 9]
Elgin, or Moray. - ... 2
ROYAL BURGHS.
Edinburgh. Kircudbright. North Berwick.
Perth. Wigtown. Anstruther Wester.
Dundee. Dunfermling. Cullen.
Aberdeen. Pittenweem. Lawder.
Striveling (Stirling.) Selkirk. Kintore.
Linlithgow. Dumbarton. Annan.
St. Andrews, Renfrew. Lochmaban.
Glasgow. Dunbar. Sanquhar.
Aire (Ayr.) Lanerk. New Galloway.
Haddington. Aberbrothock. Kilrenny.
Dysert. Elgin. Fortrose.
Kirkaldie. Peebles. Dingwall.
Montrose. Crail. Dornock.
Cowper. Tayne. Queensferry.
Anstruther Easter. Culross. Inverrary.
Dumfries. Banff. Inverurie.
Inverness. Withern (Whitehorn.) Week (Wick.)
Burnt-Island. Forfar. Kirkwall.
Kinghern (Kinghorn.) Rothesay. Inverbervy.
Breichen. Nairn. Stranraver.
Irwin. Forress. Campbeltown.
Jedburgh. Rutherglin. -
tº Of the above Cities and Towns, Edin-
burgh alone elected .
The other 64 sent one each .
Commissioners for Counties as above .
2 Commissioners.
64
91
-
Total Ancient Representation of Scotland 157 Members.
Present Representation 45;—so that,
By the Union with England, the Scots lost 112 Representatives,
COUNTIES, CITIES, AND BOROUGHS
OE"
IRE LAN ID,
WHICH WERE REPRESENTED IN THE
IRISH PARLIAMENT,
PREvious Ly to THE UNIon witH GREAT BRITAIN, A. D. 1801.
tº Those places which have stars before them, send Members to the Imperial
Parliament.
No. of No. of
Members. Members.
* Antrimshire—including the
boroughs of
Antrim,
* Belfast,
* Lisburne, and
Randalstown;–returned . 10
* Armaghshire--incl.thebs.of
* Armagh, and
Charlemont;-retd.
* Carrickfergus—retd.
* Catherlogh, or Carlonshire
—incl. the bors, of
* Catherlough, or Carlow, and
Old Leighlin;–retd. . 6
* Cavanshire—incl. the bs. of
Belturbet, and
Cavan;–retd.
6
* Clareshire—incl. the bor. of
* Ennis;–retd. . . . 4
* Corkshire—incl. the city of
* Cork; the bors, of
Baltimore,
"Bandonbridge,
Castle Martyr,
Charleville,
Cloghnakelty,
Doneraile,
* Kinsale,
Middleton, and
Rathcormac; & the townsof
* Mallow, and
* Youghall;—retd. . . 26
* Donegalshire—incl. bs. of
Ballyshannon,
Donegal,
Killybegs,
830
ANCIENT REPRESENTATION
No. of
Members.
Lifford, and
St. Johnstown;–retd. . . 12
* Donºnshire—incl. the bs, of
Bangor,
* Downpatrick,
Hillsborough,
Killyleagh,
* Newry, and
Newtown;–retd. . 14
* Drogheda—incl. the town. 2
* Dublinshire—incl. the c. of
* Dublin; the
* University, or College of the
Holy Trinity; and the
boroughs of
Newcastle, and
Swords;–retd. . 10
* Fermanaghshire—incl. the
borough of
* Enniskillen;–retd. . . 4
* Galwayshire—incl. the b. of
Tuam, and the towns of
Athenry, and
* Galway;-retd. . . . . 8
* Kerryshire—incl. the bs. of
Ardfert,
Dingle-Icouch, and
* Tralee;—retd. . . . . 8
* Kildareshire--incl. the bs, of
Athy,
No. of
Members.
Harristown,
Kildare, and
Naas;–retd. ... 10
* Kilkennyshire — incl. the
city of
* Kilkenny; and the bors, of
Cullen,
Gouran,
Inistioge,
Knocktopher,
St. Canice, or Irishtown, and
Thomastown ;—retd. . 16
* King's County—incl. bs. of
Banagher, and
Philipstown;–retd. . . 6
Leitrimshire—incl. the bs.of
* Carrick, and
* Jamestown;–retd. . . . 6
Limerickshire—incl.the c.of
Limerick; and the bors. of
Askeyton, and
* Kilmallock;-retd. . . . 8
Londonderryshire—incl.
the city of
* Londonderry; and the bs. of
* Coleraine, and
Newtown-Limavady;-ret. 8
* Longfordshire — incl. the
bors. of
Granard,
Lanesborough,
OF IRELAND.
831
No. of
Members.
Longford, and
St. Johnstown;–retd. . 10
* Louthshire—incl. the bs. of
Ardee, or Atherdee,
Carlingford,
* Dundalk, and
Dunleer;-retd.
* Mayoshire—incl. the bo. of
Castlebar; –reta.
* Meathshire—incl. the bs. of
Athboy,
Dunleek,
Kells,
Navan,
Ratoath, and
Trim ;-retd.
* Monaghanshire—incl. the
bor. of
Monaghan;—retd. .
* Queen's County—incl. the
bors. of
Ballynakill,
Maryborough, and
* Portarlington;–returned .
* Roscommonshire—incl. the
bor. of
Boyle,
Roscommon, and
Tulsk;-retd.
* Sligoshire—incl. the bor, of
. 10
4
. 14
8
No. of
Members.
* Sligo;-retd. . 4
* Tipperaryshire—incl. the
city of
* Cashel, and the bors. of
* Clonmel, and
Fethard;—retd. . . . . 8
* Tyroneshire—incl. the c. of
Clogher; and the bors, of
Augher,
* Dungannon, and
Strabane;—retd. ... 10
* Waterfordshire—incl. the
city of
* Waterford; and the bors. of
* Dungarvon,
Lismore, and
Tallagh;-retd. . . 10
* Westmeathshire—incl. the
bors. of
* Athlone,
Fore, and
Kilbeggan; & the manor of
Mullingar;-retd. . 10
* Weafordshire—incl. bs, of
Bannow,
Clonmines,
Enniscorthy,
Fethard,
Newborough, and
Taghmon; and the towns of
* New Ross, and
* Wexford;—retd. . 18
832 ANCIENT REPRESENTATION OF IRELAND.
No. of No. of
Members. Members.
* Wicklon-shire — incl. the Blessington,
bors. of Carysfort, and
Baltinglass, Wicklow ;-retd. . . . 10
Total Number of Members returned 300
Viz.:-
68 Knights of 34Counties, including Car-
rickfergus and Drog-
heda, which had this
peculiar franchise.
2 Representatives of 1 University.
16 Citizens of 8 Cities.
200 Burgesses of 100 Boroughs; and
14 Delegates from 7 Non-Corporate Towns,
—including the Manor
of Mullingar.
300 Members before the 150 Places represented before
Union. the Union.
200 Deficiency since the 84 Places disfranchised by
Union. the Union.
100 The present number of 66 Places now represented;
representatives of the 32 of which (the Bo-
Irish people in the Im- roughs and the Uni-
perial Parliament. versity) were half-dis-
franchised; that is, they now return only one Member, each: the
remaining 34 (the Counties) return their former quota.
i
|
s
:
THE
NU MERICAL RE PRESENTATION
OF THE
IR IS H P R O V IN C E S
WAS, AND IS, AS FOLLOWS:—
MUNSTER:—
In the Irish In the Imperial
Parliament, Parliament.
. Clareshire . . . . . . . 2 places 4 repre. 2 places 3 repre.
Corkshire . . . . . . . 13 . . 26 . . 6 . . 8 . .
Kerryshire . . . . . . 4 .. 8 2 3
. Limerickshire. . . . 4. . . 8 2 3
. Tipperaryshire. .. 4 .. 8 3 4.
. Waterfordshire .. 5 1() 3 4
Total . . . . . . . . . . 32 64 18 25
LEINSTER :—
. Carlowshire . . . . . 3 places 6 repre. 2 places 3 repre.
, Dublinshire . . . . . 6 12 . . 3 5 .
. Kildareshire. . . . . 5 10 I 2 .
. Kilkennyshire ... 8 16 2 3 .
King's County ... 3 6 l 2 .
. Longfordshire. ... 5 10 l 2 .
. Louthshire . . . . . . 5 10 3 4 .
. Meathshire. . . . . . 7 14 l 2 .
, Queen's County .. 4 8 2 3 .
. Westmeathshire. .. 5 10 2 3 .
... Wexfordshire. . . . 9 18 3 4 .
. Wicklowshire. . . . 5 10 l 2 .
Total . . . . . . . . . . 65 130 22 35
CONNAUGHT:—
. Galwayshire . . . . . 4 places 8 repre. 2 places 3 repre.
. Leitrimshire . . . . . 3 .. 6 . . l 2 .
. Mayoshire . . . . . . 2 4 . l 2 .
. Roscommonshire. .. 4 8 . l 2 .
. Sligoshire. . . . . . . 2 4 2 3 .
Total . . . . . . . . . . 15 30 7 12
5 o
834 ANCIENT REPRESENTATION OF IRELAND.
UDSTER :—
In the Irish In the Imperial
Parliament. Parliament.
1. Antrimshire..... 6 places 12 repre. 4 places 5 repre.
2. Armaghshire .... 3 .. 6 . . 2 ... 3 ..
3. Cavanshire . . . . . . 3 .. 6 l 2 .
4. Donegalshire .... 6 ... 12 . . l 2 .
5. Downshire . . . . . . 7 ... 14 3 4 .
6. Fermanaghshire .. 2 4 2 3 .
7. Londonderryshire . 4. . . 8 3 4 .
8. Monaghanshire ... 2 .. 4 l 2 .
9. Tyroneshire . . . . . 5 ... 10 2 3 .
Total . . . . . . . . . . 38 76 19 28
SUMMARY.
Places. Mem.
MUNSTER, representation of, in the Irish Parliament 32 .. 64
Imperial Parl. 18 ... 25
LEINSTER, representation of, in the Irish Parliament 65 ... 130
Imperial Parl. 22 ... 35
CoNNAUGHT, representation of, in the Irish Parliament 15 ... 30
Imperial Parl. 7... 12
ULSTER, representation of, in the Irish Parliament 38 .. 76
Imperial Parl. 19 . . 28
THUS :-
Munster lost by the UNIon 39 representatives of 14 places.
Leinster . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95 . . . . . . . . . . . . of 43
Connaught . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 . . . . . . . . . . . . of 8
Ulster. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 . . . . . . . . . . . . of 19
Total loss of representatives Towns disfran-
by Ireland. . . . . . . . . . . 200 chised. . . . . . 84*
* Besides these, there are 32 Boroughs which were demi-disfranchised;—that is,
by taking away one of their members; and there are many populous towns in
Ireland which were never represented at all.
ALPHABETICAL LIST
OF
NOBLE AND IGNOBLE BOROUGHMONGERS;
WITH
THE NUMBER OF PERSON'S DEPUTED BY EACH
TO
SIT AND VOTE
IN THE
COMMONS' HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT.
*...* It is necessary to observe that the names of shareholders of Boroughs are
omitted from this List; as well as those of persons whose influence does not arise
from absolute property. The counties and large towns, although generally in-
fluenced in their Returns, have been omitted, except in a very few instances.—
(See page 440.)
LORDS.
Proprietors. Boroughs, &c.
Anglesey, Marquess of . - . Milborne Port . 2
Anglesey. l
Aylesbury, Marquess of . - . Marlborough 2
Great Bedwin . 2
Bath, Marquess of . - - Weobly 2
Bathurst,-Earl - - - . Cirencester l
Beaufort, Duke of . - - . Monmouth l
Monmouthshire l
Gloucestershire I
Bedford, Duke of . - - . Tavistock 2
Balcarras, - Earl of, S.P.-(Baron
Wigan, U.K.) - - - . Wigan 2
836 ALPHABETICAL LIST
Proprietors.
Bandon, Earl of, R.I.P.
Beverley, Earl of
Bristol,-Marquess of
Brownlow, Earl
Buckingham,_Duke of
Buccleugh, -Duke of
Bute, Marquess of
Caledon,-Earl of, R.I.P.
Calthorpe, Baron
Carrington, Baron .
Carlisle, –Earl of
Castlemaine,—Viscount, I.P.
Charleville,_Earl of, R.I.P.
Cholmondeley, Marquess
Clarendon, Earl of
Cleveland,-Marquess of
Clifford, Baron de
Clinton, Baron
Delawarr, Earl
Derby, Earl of
Devonshire, Duke of
Boroughs, &c.
Bandonbridge .
Beeralston
Bury St. Edmunds .
Clitheroe
Buckingham
St. Mawes
Winchester
Dumfries-shire
Peebleshire
Roxburghshire
Selkirkshire
Edinburghshire
Edinburgh
Selkirk, &c.
Cardiff
Old Sarum
Bramber .
Hindon
Wendover
Wycombe
Midhurst
Morpeth .
Athlone .
Carlow
Castle Rising
Wooton Bassett
Camelford
Ilchester .
Winchelsea
Downpatrick
Kinsale
Ashburton
East Grinstead
Lancashire
Derby
Derbyshire
Dungarvon
OF BOROUGHMONGERS.
837
Proprietors.
Devonshire, Duke of
Donegal,—Marquess of, I.P.-(Baron
Fisherwick, U.K.) . - - -
Downshire, Marquess of, I.P.-(Earl
of Hillsborough, G.B.) . - -
Dundas, Baron -
Egremont, Earl of
Ely,–Marquess of, I.P.-(Baron Loftus,
Enniskillen,_Earl of, R.I.P.-(Baron
Grinstead, U.K.) - -
Exeter, Marquess of
Falmouth, Earl of
Fitzwilliam, Earl
Foley, Baron
Forester, Baron
Galloway, Earl of
Grafton, Duke of
Grantley, Baron
Guildford, Earl of
Hardwicke, Earl of .
Harewood, Earl of
Harrowby, Earl of
Hertford, Marquess of
Heytesbury, Baron
Howe, Earl - -
Huntingfield,—Baron, I.P.
Boroughs, &c.
Knaresborough
Youghall
Belfast
Carrickfergus .
Richmond
New Shoreham
Sussex
Wexford .
Enniskillen
Stamford .
Truro
St. Michael’s
Malton
Peterborough
Higham Ferrers
Droitwich
Wenlock
Wigtonshire
Wigton, &c.
Bury St. Edmunds .
Thetford .
Guildford
Banbury .
Reigate
Northallerton
Tiverton ,
Bodmin
Lisborne .
Orford
Aldeburgh
Heytesbury
Clitheroe .
Dunwich
:I
l
838
LIST
ALPHABETICAL
Proprietors.
Lansdowne,—Marquess of
Leeds,-Duke of
Lichfield,—Earl of
Lonsdale, Earl of
Lyttleton, Baron
Malmesbury, Earl of
Manvers, Earl of
Marlborough, Duke of
Middleton, Baron
Monson, Baron
Montrose, Duke of
Mount Edgecumbe, Earl of
Mulgrave, Earl of
Newcastle, –Duke of .
Norfolk,-Duke of
Northumberland,-Duke of
Orford, Baron . - -
Panmure, Baron
Pembroke, Earl of
Primate of Ireland,-(viz. the Rt.
and Most Rev. Father in God, Lord
• John-George-De la Poer, Archbishop
of Armagh.) - -
Portarlington, Earl of, I.P.
Portland,-Duke of
Powis, Earl
Hon.
Boroughs, &c.
Calne
Helston
Lichfield
Haslemere
Cockermouth
Carlisle
Appleby .
Bewdly
Christchurch
Bassetlaw
Woodstock
Newark .
Gatton
Stirlingshire
Plympton Earl
Lostwithiel
Scarborough
Aldborough
Boroughbridge .
Bassetlaw
Newark
New Shoreham
Steyning .
Horsham
Launceston
Newport, Cornwall .
King's Lynn
Forfarshire
Wilton
Armagh .
Portarlington
King's Lynn
Bishop's Castle
Ludlow
.
OF BOROUGHMONGERS.
839
Proprietors.
Powis, Earl
Poulett, Earl
Radnor, Earl of
Ranfurley, Earl of, I.P.-(Baron Ran-
furley, U.K.) .
Richmond,—Duke of .
Roden,_Earl of, I.P.-(Baron
brassil, U.K.) .
Rutland,--Duke of
Salisbury, Marquess of:
Sandwich,-Earl of
Seaford, Baron .
Shaftesbury, Earl of
Sydney, Viscount
Somers, Earl
St. Germains,—Earl of
Stafford, Marquess of
Thanet,_Earl of
-Verulam,_Earl of
Clan-
Warwick,-Earl of, (also Earl Brooke).
Waterford, Marquess of, I.P.-(Baron
Tyrone, G.B.)
Wellington, Duke of
Westminster, Marquess of
Westmoreland,-Earl of
Wharncliffe, Baron
Yarborough, Baron
Boroughs, &c.
Montgomery
Totness
Downton
Salisbury
Dungannon
Chichester
Dundalk .
Bramber .
Cambridge
Scarborough
Hertford .
Huntingdon
Seaford
Dorchester
Whitchurch
Reigate . -
Liskeard .
St. Germans
Sutherlandshire
Appleby .
St. Albans
Warwick.
Berwick .
Dover
Chester
Shaftesbury
Hindon
Stockbridge
Lyme Regis
Westmoreland .
Bossiney . - -
Newtown, I. of Wight
:
|
840 ALPHABETICAL LIST
-
COMMONERS.
*...* Where M.P. is added to the Proprietor's name, in this List, it is (unless
otherwise expressed) to be understood (according to Milesian parlance) that the
Member returns himself.
Proprietors.
Anstruther, Sir John, Bart.
Astell, William, Esq., M.P.
Austin, , Esq. . - - -
Baillie, John, Esq., M.P. . - -
Banks, Henry, Esq., late M.P. for Dor-
setshire . - • -
Baring, Alexander, Esq., M.P.
Barne, Michael, Esq. .
Barrington, Sir F., Bart.
Biddulph, R. M., Esq., M.P.
Blake, Sir Francis, Bart. -
Bradshaw, Robert H., Esq., M.P.
Bulkeley, Sir R. B. W., Bart., M.P.
Buller, G. W., Esq., M.P. for Exeter .
Calcraft, The late Right Hon. John
Campbell, Sir John, Bart. -
Carter, John Bonham, Esq., M.P.
Cooper, Edward Synge, Esq., M.P.
Coote, Sir Charles Henry, Bart., M.P.
Cripps, Joseph, Esq., M.P.
Daly, J., Esq. . - -
Denny, Sir Edward, Bart. .
Dering, Sir Edward, Bart., M.P.
Drake, Thomas Tyrwhitt, Esq., M.P. .
Duncombe, Thos. Slingsby, Esq., M.P.
Dundas, Right Hon. William, M.P.
Boroughs, &c.
Crail
Bridgewater
Fowey
Fortrose, &c.
Corfe Castle
Callington
Thetford .
Dunwich -
Newton, I. W.
Denbigh, &c.
Berwick .
Brackley
Beaumaris
East Looe
West Looe
Saltash
Wareham
Glasgow, &c.
Portsmouth
Sligoshire
Queen's County
Cirencester
Galway
Tralee
New Romney .
Agmondesham
Hertford .
Edinburgh
:
OF BOROUGHMONGERS.
841
Proprietors,
Everett, , Esq. . -
Fergusson, Sir R. C., Bart.,
M.P. for Nottingham
Fitzgerald, John, Esq., M.P.
Frankland, Sir Robert, Bart., M.P.
French, Arthur, Esq. - - -
Gilbert, Davies, Esq., M.P. -
Gordon, James Adam, Esq., M.P.
Graham, Sir Sandford, Bart., M.P.
Grant, Right Hon. Charles, M.P.
Hawkins, Sir Christopher, Bart. .
Holdsworth, Arthur H., Esq., M.P.
Holmes, William, Esq., M.P. for Hasle-
Imere - - -
K.C.B.
Hope, Henry Thomas, Esq., M.P.
Iveson, —, Esq. (an attorney at Hedon.)
Jephson, Charles D. O., Esq., M.P.
Johnstone, Sir George Frederick, Bart.
Jolliffe, Sir William, Bart., M.P.
Kerrison, Sir E., Bart., M.P.
King, Sir J. Dashwood, Bart., M.P.
Lamb, Rev. Doctor -
Legh, Thomas, Esq.
Lopez, Sir Franco, Bart,
Westbury
M. P. for
Lucey, , Esq. - -
Lutrell, John Fownes, Esq., M.P. -
M“Kenzie, Sir James W., Bart., M.P.
Mildmay, Lady St. John -
Morgan, Sir Charles, Bart. .
Mostyn, Sir Thomas, Bart., M.P.
Neale, Sir Harry B., Bart. .
Neeld, Joseph, Esq., M.P. .
Boroughs, &c.
Ludgershall
Dysart, &c.
Seaford
Thirsk
Roscommonshire
Bodmin
Tregony .
Ludgershall
Inverness-shire
St. Michael's
Dartmouth
Newport, I. W.
Yarmouth, I. W.
East Looe
Hedon
Mallow - -
Weymouth and Mel-
combe Regis
Petersfield
Eye
Wycombe
Rye - -
Newton, Lancashire .
New Romney .
Westbury
Fowey
Minehead
Ross-shire
Winchester
Brecon
Monmouthshire
Flintshire
Lymington
Chippenham
:l
:
5 p
842 ALPHABETICAL LIST
Proprietors.
Noel, Sir Gerard, Bart., M.P.
O’Brien, Sir Edward, Bart.
Ord, William, Esq., M.P.
Owen, Sir John, Bart., M.P.
Palk, Sir Laurence V., Bart.
Palmer, Charles, Esq., M.P.
Peel, Sir Robert, Bart, M.P.
Pennefather, Mathew, Esq., M.P.
Phillips, Sir R. Bulkeley, Bart., M.P.
Pitt, Joseph, Esq., M.P. -
Pollen, Sir J. Walter, Bart. - -
Ponsonby, The Rt. Hon. W. F. S., M.P.
Powell, W. E., Esq., M.P. -
Ridley, Sir Mathew White, Bart.
Rochfort, Gustavus, Esq., M.P. -
Rose, The Rt. Hon. Sir G. H., Kt., M.P.
Russell, William, Esq., M.P.
Saville, A., Esq. -
Scott, Sir Samuel, Bart., M.P.
Shadwell, Sir Launcelot, Knt. (in trust
for Miss Lawrence, who is a near kins-
woman of Baron Grantham, and of
Viscount Goderich.)
Smith, John, Esq., M.P.
Smith, Thomas Assheton, Esq., M.P. .
Stewart, Sir M. S., Bart., M.P. .
Strutt, Joseph Holden, Esq. (a Colonel
in the Army, and married to the
Baroness Rayleigh) -
Talbot, C. R. M., Esq. - -
Taylor, George Watson, Esq., M.P.
Tottenham, , Esq.
Boroughs, &c.
Rutlandshire
Ennis
Morpeth .
Pembrokeshire
Pembroke, &c.
Ashburton
Bath
Tamworth
Cashel
Haverfordwest
Cricklade
Malmesbury
Wooton Bassett
Andover .
Poole -
Cardigan, &c. .
Newcastle-upon-Tyn
Westmeathshire
Christchurch
Durham .
Bletchingley
Oakhampton
Whitchurch
Ripon
Chichester
Midhurst
Andover .
Renfrewshire
Maldon
Glamorganshire
Devizes
New Ross
.
:
OF BOROUGHMONGERS.
843
Proprietors.
Townshend, Lord C. V. F., M.P.
Treby, , Esq. - - -
Tunno, Edward Rose, Esq., M.P.
Vaughan, Sir Robert W., Bart., M.P. .
Wedderburn, Sir David, Bart.
Wellesley, The Hon. Long Pole, M.P.
Whitmore, Thomas, Esq.
Williams, Robert, Esq. M.P.
Wyndham, Wadham, Esq., M.P.
Wynn, Sir W. W., Bart., M.P.
Wynne, John, Esq., M.P.
Boroughs, &c.
Tamworth
Plympton-Earle
Bossiney .
Merionethshire
Forfar, &c.
St. Ives
Bridgenorth
Dorchester
New Sarum
Montgomeryshire
Denbighshire
Flint, &c.
Sligo
OFFICERS AND CLERKS
Or
PARLIAMENT.
HOUSE OF PEERS.
SPEAKER,-Baron Brougham and Vaux, Lord High Chancellor
Deputy Speakers, Baron Tenterden, Lord Chief Justice of the
King's Bench; and
Baron Wynford, late Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas.
CHAIRMAN of COMMITTEES,-the Earl of Shaftesbury.
Counsel to the Chairman of Committees, Sir Edward Stracey, Bart.
Clerk of the Parliaments, the Rt. Hon. Sir George Henry Rose, Kt.,
who is also a Privy Councillor, and M.P. for Christchurch.
Clerk-Assistant, William Courtenay, Esq.
Additional Clerk-Assistant, Benjamin Currey, Esq.
Reading Clerk, and Clerk of the Private Committees, Charles Philip
Rose, Esq.
Assistant Reading-Clerk, and Clerk of Private Committees, John
W. Birch, Esq.
Ealra-Assistant Clerk to the Clerk of Private Committees,—Mr.
Henry Stone Smith.
Clerk of the Journals, E. G. Walmisley, Esq.
Copying-Clerk, Edward Parratt, Esq.
Clerk of Engrossments, Mr. Robert Walmisley.
Clerk of Enrolments, Mr. Robert Harvey Strachan.
Other Clerks in the Office—
Messrs. Henry Stone Smith, Messrs. George Dike,
William E. Walmisley. Francis Walmsley,
John Frederick Leary, William Atkinson Green,
William Tubb, Lionel Hill Thomson.
Short-hand Writers, Mr. W. B. Gurney, and Mr. Joseph Gurney.
Librarian,—Mr. John Frederick Leary.
OFFICERS AND CLERKS, &c. 845
Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod, Sir Thomas Tyrwhitt, Knt."
Yeoman Usher, James Pulman, Esq.
Serjeant-at-Arms, Sir George F. Seymour, Knt. t
Deputy,+Mr. William Butt, No. 6, Abingdon-street.
Receiver of Fees, Mr. Frederick Shells.
Messenger, Mr. Thomas Couch.
Principal Door-keepers—
Messrs. William Burcher, Messrs. William Wright,
Charles Sutherland, Thomas Wright,
Thomas Stamp, and
Frederick Shells, Thomas Luscombe.
Eatra Door-keepers, Messrs. Plass, Granger, Oldrini, and Pierre-
point.
Keeper of the Parliament Office,—Mrs. Mary Truscoat.
Housekeeper, Mrs. Brandish.
Deputy,+Miss Jane Wright.
HOUSE OF COMMONS.
SPEAKER+,-The Right Hon. Charles Manners Sutton, M.P.
for Scarborough.-Resident in Cotton-garden, Old Palace-yard.
* The Gentleman Usher of the Black Rod derives his designation from a black rod
which he carries in his hand, on the top of which sits a lion in gold. He attends
the House of Peers during the sitting of Parliament; and he keeps the Chapter-
house door, when a Chapter of the Order of the Garter is sitting. His habit is like
that of the Registrar of the Order, and of Garter King-at-Arms; but this he wears
only at the time of the Festival of St. George, and on the holding of Chapters.
+ The office of Serjeant-at-Arms is to attend the King's person; to arrest offenders
of rank; and to attend on the Lord High Steward of England when he sits in judg-
ment on traitors; also on the Lord High Chancellor, the Lord Treasurer, and on
both Houses of Parliament; and, if need be, on the Lord Mayor of London. Their
number was limited to thirty by the 13th Richard II. chap. 6. In old books they are
called virgatories, because they once carried silver rods, gilt, as they now do maces.
During the sitting of Parliament, one is constantly in attendance on each House.
: In order to enforce the forms and rules of the House, and for the better govern-
ment of the debates, &c., a Speaker or Presidentis chosen at the commencement of each
new Parliament, or on the demise or resignation of the member who previously
occupied the chair. The member chosen to this high and honourable office is styled
“The Speaker,” because it is his business to speak to, or address, the King in the
name of the House, both at the opening and termination of the session; as well as on
occasion of presenting grants of money by the Commons, to the King on his throne;
and when the royal assent is given to Bills: in the House, he sits merely as a mode-
rator or chairman of the assembly; in which capacity he is but little entitled to the
appellation of Speaker, for he speaks less than any other member; and that only
when he interposes the authority with which he is invested, for the due observance of
the rules and usages of Parliament, and to allay the occasionally angry passions of
the debaters.-During the Speaker's absence, no business can be transacted, nor any

846 OFFICERS AND CLERKS
Secretary to the Speaker, Edward Phillips, Esq.
Trainbearer, Mr. Thomas Easley.
Chief Clerk of the House of Commons”, John Henry Ley, Esq.-
Resident in Cotton-garden.
Clerk Assistant, John Rickman, Esq.-Res. New Palace-yard.
Second Clerk Assistant, William Ley, Esq.-Res. 15, Queen-
street, May-fair.
Clerk of Committees of Privileges and Elections,—Tho. Dyson, Esq.
Assistant Ditto, Mr. R. Jones.
Clerks,—Mr. Walmisley, and Mr. Hall.
Clerk of Fees, J. E. Dorrington, Esq. -
Clerks,—Mr. G. Dyson, Mr. A. Jones, Mr. A. Ley, and Mr.
Rawling.
Principal Committee Clerkst,-Sir Edward Stracey, Bart., Samuel
Gunnell, Esq., and William G. Rose, Esq.
question proposed, but that of adjournment. When his mace is on the table (forty
members being present), the assembly is “a House;” when under the table, it is
“a Committee.” On the latter occasion, the Speaker leaves his chair, takes a seat
among the members, and speaks on the subject in hand as any other member would
do: in the meantime, another member is voted to the chair, where he sits pro
tempore;—that is, as Chairman of the Committee.
The Speaker is the great functionary of the Commons' House; nay, this branch
of the legislature is in most respects entirely regulated by him; and, by himself
and his clerks, a great portion of the public business is transacted. His emolu-
ments, formerly, did not amount to more than 3000l. per annum; in consequence of
which, some Speakers, at the same time, held offices under the Crown. So sensible,
however, did the House at length become of the inadequacy of such a salary; and
so justly jealous was it of the dependence of their Chairman on the executive part
of the government; that that sum was doubled. In addition to his salary and fees
(making altogether about 8000l. per annum), the Speaker receives 1000l. of equip-
ment money, and 2000 ounces of plate, immediately on his election; two hogsheads of
claret wine, and 100l. a year for stationery, annually: besides a house, with extensive
offices,—the principal entrance to which is from New Palace Yard.—During the
session, he holds parliamentary levees, and gives dinners in a princely style; to
which all the Members are invited, in turn. The room in which these banquets
are served is situated immediately under the House of Commons.—The Speaker
takes rank next to the Peers of Great Britain, and has also the same precedence at
the King's Council Table.
* The emoluments of the four principal Clerks of the House of Commons are
very considerable (see the Table of Fees, page 493); and they have, besides,
houses allotted for their residence.—The same observation applies to Mr. Speaker's
Secretary; who in his turn succeeds to the office of “Clerk at the Table.”
# The avenues to the House are replete with convenient Committee Rooms, which
are regularly numbered. In these rooms, Committees on Private Bills, and on
other subjects referred to Committees up stairs, assemble. They are attended by a
clerk; and, when evidence is to be taken, by a short-hand writer. The reports of
those Committees are subsequently transcribed and laid before the House.—Similar
rooms are attached to the Upper House, for the convenience of the Lords' Com-
mittees. Paper, pens, ink, and wax are provided at the public expense for the use
of the Members, and are to be found in abundance in all the Committee Rooms.



OF PARK,IAMENT. 847
Deputy Committee Clerks,—Mr. Thomas Beeby, Mr. Robert Chal-
mers, Mr. George Whittam, and Mr. George White.
Eatra Clerks,—Mr. J. Rose, Mr. Pole, Mr. C. Gunnell, and
Mr. C. Frere.
Clerk of the Journals and Papers, John Bull, Esq.
Assistant Ditto, -Mr. Dickinson.
Clerks,—Messrs. T. Gudge, C. Rowland, C. F. White, and J.
Postlethwaite.
Extra Clerks,—Messrs. Gray and Vardon.
Clerks of the Engrossments, Sir Edward Stracey, Bart., and David
Jones, Esq.
Assistant Ditto, Mr. W. Gunnell.
Clerks,—Mr. S. Gunnell, jun., and Mr. G. Gunnell.
Extra Clerk,-Mr. Ginger.
Clerks in the Private Bill Office,—Mr. E. Johnson, Mr. W. Hawes,
and Mr. R. Gibbons.
Eatra Clerk, Mr. W. Hodgkin.
Short-hand-nºriter, William Brodie Gurney, Esq.
Librarian",—Mr. Vardon.
Printer of the Journals, &c., Messrs. Hansard, Lincoln’s-Inn Fields.
Printer of the Votes, Mr. J. B. Nichols.
Deliverer of the Votes and Printed Paperst,-Mr.James Mitchell.
Deputy, Mr. Charles Paskin.
Serjeant-at-Armsf,-Henry Seymour, Esq.
Deputy,+John Clementson, Esq.
Chaplain to the House of Commons §,-the Rev. Frederick Vernon
Lockwood, M.A.
* The House of Commons has attached to it a very valuable Library of Parlia-
mentary Precedents, &c.—including many works of great antiquity,+which is open
at all times for the use of the Members.
# Copies of all papers, printed by order of the House, are despatched to the dif-
ferent Members as soon as received from the printers; and, in addition to this,
every morning, during the sitting of Parliament, “the votes” are sent round to the
residence of each Member; which contain not only a correct abstract of the pro-
ceedings of the previous day, but a list of the orders which stand for the day itself:
so that the attention of the Members is at once called to the subjects in which they
or their constituents may be interested.
: There are prison rooms connected with the House for the reception of persons
committed for contempt. Such prisoners are placed in the custody of the Serjeant-
at-Arms, and are comfortably provided for in all respects; except in the article of
food and raiment, which they obtain at their own charge.
S The Chaplainship of the House of Commons is entirely honorary; but it is
always a step towards the attainment of a valuable living.
848 OFFICERS AND CLERKS, &c.
Deputy Housekeeper* and Collector of the Serjeants' Fees, Mr.
John Bellamy.
Assistant,-Mr. Edmund Bellamy.
Door-keepers, Mr. John Pratt, and Mr. Francis Williams.
Loner Door-keeper, Mr. William Bellamy.
Supernumerary Door-keeper, Mr. William Rudolf.
Messengers, Messrs. Francis Wright, Charles Stein, William
Gifford, and William Cook.
Supernumerary Messengers, Mr John Lead, and Mr. John Cobb.
Deliverer of Post Letterst,-Mr. William Coltson.

* Attached to the House is Bellamy's Coffee-room, where refreshments may be
had ; and at which both Members and strangers visiting the gallery occasionally
dine and sup. The bill of fare is here restricted to certain viands, to which, how.
ever, the most fastidious appetite could make no reasonable objection; it comprises
rump steaks, mutton chops, veal pasties of superlative excellence, cold roast and
boiled beef, pickles of all sorts, and Stilton cheese. The potations are of the first
order, and consist of wines of all the countries of the earth, of the finest quality and
flavour.—Instances have been known in which they have made “the dumb to
speak,” and rendered the most eloquent speechless. More humble beverages may
also be obtained:—such as porter, tea, coffee, and the not less estimable liquor,
“anchorites' ale.” The expense is no more than commensurate with the goodness
of the accommodation. Strangers must not be surprised if they are here treated
with less ceremony than the Members; they are, in fact, admitted only by courtesy;
but they fare not the worse because they have not an M.P. attached to their names.
Immediately adjoining the staircase leading to the strangers’ gallery, is a room
called “The Smoking Room.” It preserves this appellation from the habit of
former times, when the Members were accustomed to retire to this room to indulge
in the pleasures of a pipe, which by a standing order was prohibited in the body of
the House. Within the last thirty years some of the admirers of the best Virginia
were known to continue the practice in this place.
+ There are a General Post, and a Twopenny Post, Letter-box within the walls
of the House.
THE KING'S
MOST HONOURABLE PRIVY COUNCIL
FOR -
GREAT BRITA IN.
His Lordship, The Most Honourable Henry, MARQUEss of
LANSDown E,-Lord President.
ABERCROMBY,-The Hon. James - - . May 23, 1827
Offi. Lord Chief Baron of the Eachequer in Scotland.
ABERDEEN,+George, Earl of, S.P.,-K.T., F.R.S.,
and F.S.A. (Viscount Gordon, U.K.) . . July 23, 1814
Offi. Chancellor of King's College, Aberdeen.
President of the Antiquarian Society.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
A Governor of Harrow School.
A Trustee of the National Gallery of Pictures.
A Commissioner for the inspection of National
Monuments.
President of the British Institution for promoting
the Fine Arts.
(See page 180.)
ADAIR,-Sir Robert, Kt. . - - - . July 23, 1828
Offi. Envoy Extraordinary at Brussels.
ADAM, William . - - . March 17, 1815
Offi. Lord Commissioner for Jury Trials in Scotland.
Lord Lieutenant of Kinross-shire.
ALBEMARLE,-William-Charles, Earl of,
Offi. Master of the Horse to the King.
(See page 142.)
ALEXANDER,-Sir William, Kt. - - . Jan. 19, 1824
-
O Q
850 PRIVY COUNCIL
ALTHoRPE,-Viscount, M.P. for Northamptonshire.
N. & S. John Charles Spencer.
Offi. Chancellor and Under Trea. of the Exchequer
for Great Britain and Ireland.
A Lord of the Treasury.
A Com. for the Affairs of the Duchy of Cornwall.
A Com. for the Reduction of the National Debt.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Commissioner for the Affairs of India.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Com. of the Church and Corporation Land Tax.
Rel, his Lordship is the eldest son of Earl Spencer.
(See pages 370 and 522.)
AMHERST,-William-Pitt, Earl . - - . Dec. 30, 1815
Offi. A Lord of his Majesty's Bedchamber.
Late Governor General of India.
(See page 143.)
ANGLESEY, Henry-William, Marquess of -K.G.,
G.C.B., K.G.H., K.M.T., and K.S.G. . April 30, 1827
Offi. Lord Lieut. General of Ireland, and Grand
Master of the Order of St. Patrick.
Lord Lieut., Cust. Rot., and Vice Adm. of the
county of Anglesey.
Chamberlain and Chancellor of North Wales.
Ranger of Snowdon Forest, and Keeper of Caer-
narvon Castle.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A General in the Army, and Col. of the 7th Regi-
ment of Dragoons.
(See page 143.)
ARBUTHNoT,-Charles - - -
Offi. A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Com. of the Church and Corporation Land Tax.
ARDEN,+Charles-Geo., Baron, F.R.S., and F.S.A. Feb. 20, 1801
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Surrey.
Registrar of the Court of Admirally, and of the
Court of Delegates.
A Trustee of the Hunterian Museum.
(See page 144.)
June 27, 1804
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 851
AUCKLAND,-George, Baron,
Offi. President of the Board of Trade and Plan-
tations.
Master Worker of the Mint.
A Vice President of the Zoological Society.
A Commissioner of Greenwich Hospital.
(See page 145.)
BAGoT,-The Hon. Sir Charles, G.C.B. - . Dec. 4, 1815
Offi. Amb. Eatr. and Plen. to the King of Holland,
at the Hague.
Rel. His Excellency is bro. to Baron Bagot.
BATHURST, Charles - - - - . Nov. 18, 1801
BATHURST, Hen., Earl, -K.G., F.S.A., and D.C.L. June 21, 1793
Offi. One of the Tellers of the Erchequer.
Clerk of the Cronn in Chancery.
An elder brother of the Trinity House".
(See page 147.)
Becket,_Sir John, Bart., M.P. for Haslemere. July 10, 1817
Rel. Son-in-lan to the Earl of Lonsdale.
Late Judge Marshal and Advocate General.
(See pages 333 and 515.)
BEDFord, John, Duke of.-K.G., F.S.A. . . Feb. 12, 1806
Offi. Recorder of Bedford.
A Vice President of the British and Foreign Bible
Society.
A Vice President of the Society of Arts.
A Director of the British Institution for promoting
the Fine Arts.
(See page 148.)
* The Trinity House is a kind of College, incorporated in 1514, and afterwards
extended by charter in 1685, for thirty-one, instead of thirteen, brethren. This
corporation was originally a company of Pilots for the service of the Royal Navy,
and consists, at present, of a master, a deputy, four wardens, eight assistants, and
seventeen brethren. Eleven of the thirty-one members are usually men of high
station; the remaining twenty being experienced commanders of merchant ships.
The master and his deputy are chosen annually. The chief functions of this cor-
poration are, the examination and licensing of Pilots; the erection of sea-marks and
iight-houses; the superintendence of the navigation of the Thames; and the appoint-
ment of harbour-masters, on which they have a veto.
852 PRIVY COUNCIL
BELFAST, Earl of, M.P. for Antrimshire.
N. & S. George Hamilton Chichester.
Offi. Pice Chamberlain of the King's Household.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess of Donegal.
(See pages 292 and 506.)
BENTINck,-Lord Wm. Henry Cavendish,_G.C.B. Aug. 17, 1827
Offi. Clerk of the Pipe in the Erchequer Office.
Governor General of India, and Governor of
Bengal.
A Family Trustee of the British Museum.
BERESFORD,-Lord George Thomas . - . Aug. 13, 1812
Offi. Cust. Rot. of Waterfordshire.
Late Comptroller of the King's Household.
(See page 413.)
BERESFORD,-William, Viscount, G.C.B., K.G. H.,
K.T.S., K.F.M., and K.F. . - - . Feb. 6, 1821
Offi. Governor of Jersey. -
A General, and Colonel of the 16th Regiment of
Foot.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
His Lordship is Duke of ELVAs, and a Field Marshal
of Portugal. -
(See page 149.)
BExLEY,+Nicholas, Baron, D.C.L., F.R.S., and
F.S.A. - - - - - - . Aug. 14, 1805
Offi. A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
A Commissioner of the Metropolitan Roads.
A Commissioner for the Affairs of the Duhcy of
Cornwall.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
President of the Prayer Book and Homily Society.
A Vice President of the British and Foreign Bible
Society.
A Vice President of the Royal Society of Literature.
A Commissioner of the Church and Corporation
Land Tax.
(See page 150.)
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 853
Bloom FIELD,-Benjamin, Baron, I.P., G.C.B. . July 15, 1817
Off. Env, and Min. Plen, at the Court of Sweden.
Lieut. General, and Col. Commandant of the Royal
Regt. of Artillery.
(Lady B. is Ranger of Hampton Court Park.)
(See page 271.)
Bourne,—William Sturges - - - . Aug. 10, 1814
Offi. Warden of the New Forest, Hants.
Boy LE,-David . - - - - April 8, 1820
Offi. Lord Justice Clerk of the Court of Session, and
of the Court of Justiciary in Scotland.
A Commis. for the Custody of the Scottish Regalia.
BRough AM AND WAUx,-Henry, Baron . - - . 1831
Offi. Lord High Chancellor.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
Official Visitor of Oriel College, Oxford; and of
Pembroke and Catherine Halls, Cambridge.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Member of Council of the London University.
A Perpetual Governor of King's College, London.
Treasurer of the Society of Lincoln’s-inn.
Chairman of the Society for the Diffusion of Useful
Knowledge.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
Rel. Brother to William Brougham, Esq., M.P. for
Southwark; and to James Brougham, Esq., M.P.
for Winchelsea,
(See page 153.)
BUCKINGHAM, Richard, Duke of,-K.G., D.C.L., and
F.S.A. - - - - Feb. 6, 1806
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Buckinghamshire.
(See page 154.)
BURGHERSH,-Lord - - - - . March 28, 1822
N. & S. John Fane.
Offi. Envoy Eartraordinary at Lucca, &c.
Rel. Son of the Earl of Westmoreland.
854 PRIVY COUNCIL
CAMBRIDGE,-H. R. H. Prince Adolphus Frederick,
Duke of.-K.G., G.C.B., and K.B.E. . . Feb. 3, 1802
Offi. Viceroy of Hanover.
A Field Marshal, and Col. of the Coldstream Guards.
Colonel in Chief of the 60th Foot.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
President of the Foundling Hospital.
Vice Patron of the Royal Academy of Music.
(See page 155.)
CAMDEN,+John Jefferies, Marquess, K.G., M.R.I.A.,
and F.S.A. - - - - - . June 21, 1793
Offi. One of the Tellers of the Exchequer.
Lord Lieutenant, Vice Admiral, and Custos Rolu-
lorum of Kent, and of the City of Canterbury.
Master of the Trinity House.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Recorder of Bath.
(See page 156.)
CANNING, Sir Stratford, G.C.B.-M.P. for Stock-
bridge. - - - - July 20, 1820
Late Amb. Extr. and Plen. at Constantinople.
(See page 528.)
CANTERBURY,-William, Lord Archbishop of.-D.D.,
F.R.S. and F.S.A. - - - - . Oct. 5, 1813
Primate of all England, and Metropolitan.
Offi. A Governor of the Charter House.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
Visitor of All Soul's, Merton, and Baliol Colleges,
Oxford.
A Visitor of Harrow School.
A Governor of Beccles School.
A Visitor of King's College, London.
(See page 156.)
CAREw,-Reginald Pole . - - - . Jan, 14, 1805
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 855
CARLISLE,-George, Earl of - - - . Feb. 7, 1806
Offi. Lord Lieut. of the East Riding of Yorkshire.
(See page 157.)
CARTERET, George, Baron - - - . May 14, 1804
Rel. His Lordship is bro. to the Marquess of BATH.
(See page 158.)
CATHCART, William-Shaw, Earl,-K. T., G. C. B.,
K.S.A., and K.S.G. . - - - . Sept. 28, 1798
Offi. A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Pice Admiral of Scotland.
Governor of Hull.
A Gen., and Col. of the 2d Regiment of Life Guards.
An Advocate at the Scottish Bar.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
(See page 159.)
CHATHAM, John, Earl of, K.G. - - - April 3, 1789
Offi. Governor of Gibraltar.
An elder brother of the Trinity House.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Gen., and Col. of the 4th Regt. of Foot.
(See page 160.)
Cholmon DELEY, -George-James-Horatio, Marquess,
Offi. Joint Hereditary Great Chamberlain of England.
President of the Sunday School Society.
A Vice Pres, of the Prayer Book and Homily Society.
A Vice Pres, of the British and Foreign Bible Society.
(See page 161.)
CLANCARTY, -Richard, Earl of, R.I.P., G.C.B.-
(Viscount Clancarty, U.K.) - - . May 13, 1807
Offi. A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Wice Admiral of Connaught.
Custos Rotulorum of Galwayshire.
Colonel of the Galway Militia.
(See page 162.)
856 PRIVY COUNCIL
CLANRICARDE,-Ulick-John, Marquess of, I.P.-K.P.
(Baron Somerhill, U.K.)
Offi. Captain of the Yeomen of the King's Guard.
Lord Lieutenant of Galwayshire.
(See page 224.)
CLARE,-John, Earl of, I.P.-G.C.B. (Baron Fitz-
gibbon, G.B.)
Offi. Governor of Bombay.
A Major General in the Army.
(See page 177.)
CLARENDoN,-John-Charles, Earl of . - . Feb. 19, 1787
Offi. Chief Justice in Eyre, north of Trent.
Prothonotary of the County Palatine of Lancaster.
(See page 162.)
CocKBURN,+Sir Geo.,-G.C.B.—M.P. for Plymouth,
April 30, 1827
Offi. Major General of the Marines.
Wice Admiral of the Red.
(See pages 379 and 523.)
CoNYNGHAM, -Henry, Marquess, R.I.P.-K. P.,
F.S.A., and M.R.I.A., (Baron Minster, U.K.) Dec. 10, 1821
Off. Custos Rot. of the County of Clare.
A General in the Army.
Governor of Windsor Castle.
(See page 164.)
CourTENAY,-Thomas-Peregrine,—M.P. for Totness,
May 30, 1828
Offi. Agent for the Cape of Good Hope.
Rel. Third cousin to the Earl of DEvoN.
(See pages 408 and 529.)
Courtown,-James-George, Earl of, I.P.-K. P.
(Baron Saltersford, G.B.) . - - . June 21, 1793
(See page 221.)
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 857
CowLEY,+Henry, Baron, G.C.B. . - , Dec. 20, 1809
Late Amb. Extra. and Min. Plen. at the Austrian
Court.
Rel. His Lordship is bro, to the Duke of WELLING-
ToN ; to the Marquess WELLEsley ; and to Baron
MARYBoRough.
(See page 166.)
CRoKER,-John Wilson, D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.L.S.
—M.P. for Aldeburgh - - - . June 16, 1828
Offi. A Commissioner of the Metropolitan Roads.
Late Secretary to the Admiralty.
(See pages 292 and 505.)
CUMBERLAND,-H. B. H. Prince Ernest-Augustus,
Duke of.-K.G., G.C.B., K. P., D.C. L., and
F.S.A. . - - - - - - . June 5, 1799
Offi. A Field Marshal.
Chancellor of the University of Dublin.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
(See page 166.)
DAwson, George-Robert, M.P. for Harwich.
Rel. Brother-in-lanſ to Sir Robert Peel, Bart.
(See pages 333 and 515.)
DERBY, Edward, Earl of, M.A. . - . Aug. 29, 1783
Offi. Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of
Lancashire.
(See page 169.)
DEvoNSHIRE,-William-Spencer, Duke of.-K. G.,
K.A., D.C.L. - - - - April 30, 1827
Offi. Lord Chamberlain of the King's Household.
Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of Derby-
shire.
High Steward of Derby.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
President of the Royal Academy of Music.
(See page 169.)
858 PRIVY COUNCIL
Dorset,_Charles, Duke of, K.G. . - . Dec. 20, 1821
(See page 171.)
Dov ER,-George-James, Baron, F.R.S., and F.S.A.
Offi. A Family Trustee of the British Museum.
A Trustee of the National Gallery of Pictures.
A Director of the British Institution for promoting
the Fine Arts.
A Vice Pres, of the Royal Society of Literature.
DUDLEY, -John-William, Earl of, F.R.S. . April 30, 1827
Offi. Recorder of Kidderminster.
(See page 171.)
DUNCANNoN,-Viscount, M.P. for Kilkennyshire.
N. & S. John William Ponsonby.
Offi. Chief Commissioner of Woods and Forests and
Land Revenues.
A Com. of Metropolitan Roads, and of the Affairs
of the Duchy of Cornwall.
A Commissioner of Greenwich Hospital.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of BEs Borough.
(See pages 343 and 517.)
DUNDAs, William . - - - - . June 25, 1800
Offi. Lord Registrar of Scotland.
Registrar of Sassines, and Keeper of the Signet in
Scotland.
A Commissioner for the custody of the Scottish
Regalia.
DURHAM, John-George, Baron,
Offi. Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
(See page 172.)
East,-Sir Edward-Hyde, Bart., F.R.S.
Offi. Chairman of the Acting Committee of West
India Planters.
Late Chief Justice of Bengal.
(See page 425.)
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 859
ELDoN,-John, Earl of, D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.S.A.
July 17, 1799
Late Lord High Chancellor.
Off. High Steward of the University of Oxford, ap-
pointed in 1801.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
(See page 173.)
ELGIN,+Thomas, Earl of.-K.C. - - . July 3, 1799
Offi. A Lieutenant General in the Army.
A Family Trustee of the British Museum.
(See page 173.)
ELLENBoRough, - Edward, Baron, . - . Jan. 26, 1828
Off. Chief Clerk of the Pleas in the Court of King's
Bench.
(See page 174.)
ERRol,—William-George-Hay, Earl of, S.P.-(Baron
Kilmarnock, U.K.) -
Offi. Hereditary Lord High Constable of Scotland.
Master of the Horse to the Queen.
Lord Rector of Marischal College, Aberdeen.
(See page 174)
FARNBoRough, Charles, Baron, G.C.B. . . . Jan. 13, 1802
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
A Commissioner for the Affairs of the Duchy of
Cornwall.
Chairman of the Committee for Inspection of Na-
tional Monuments.
A Trustee of the British and Hunterian Museums.
A Trustee of the National Gallery of Pictures.
Dep. Pres, of the British Institution for promoting
the Fine Arts.
A Commissioner of the Church and Corporation
Land Tax.
(See page 176.)
860 PRIVY COUNCIL
FitzGERALD,-The Hon. William-Vesey, M.P. for
Ennis - - - - - - . Aug. 13, 1812
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Lord Lieutenant of Clareshire.
Rel. Eldest son of Baroness Fitzgerald and Vesey.
(See pages 353 and 513.)
Fitzwilliamſ, William-Wentworth, Earl,-D.C.L. July 1, 1794
Offi. High Steward of Hull.
Cust. Rotulorum of the Soke of Peterborough, and
Recorder of Higham Ferrers.
(See page 178.)
Foley, Thomas, Baron,
Offi. Capt. of the Hon. Band of Gentlemen Pensioners.
Lord Lieutenant of Worcestershire.
(See page 178.)
FostER,-Sir Augustus-John, Bart. - . March 28, 1822
Offi. Env. Ea. and Min. Plen, at the Sardinian Court.
FREEMANTLE,-Sir William-Henry, K.G.H. . Jan. 17, 1822
Offi. Treasurer to the Board of Green Cloth.
Deputy Warden of Windsor Forest.
FRERE,-John-Hookham . - - - . Jan. 14, 1805
Gloucester, H. R. H. Prince William-Frederick,
Duke of K.G., G.C.B., F.R.S., D.C.L., and F.S.A. Feb. 1, 1806
Offi. A Field Marshal of Great Britain.
Chancellor of the University of Cambridge, elected
in 1811.
Governor of Portsmouth.
Colonel of the 3d Regiment of Foot Guards.
A Com, of the Military College at Sandhurst.
Ranger of Bagshot Park and Walk.
Lord High Steward of the City of Gloucester.
Patron of the Naval and Military Bible Society.
Patron of the Prayer Book and Homily Society.
(Her R.H., the Duchess, is Ranger of Greenwich Park.)
(See page 180.)
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 861
GoDERICH,-Frederick-John, Viscount . . Aug. 13, 1812
Offi. Secretary of State for the Colonial Department.
Recorder of Lincoln.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Commissioner of the Affairs of India.
A Councillor of the Royal Society of Literature.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Trustee of the National Gallery of Pictures.
(See page 180)
GoRDoN,-George, Duke of, S.P., G.C.B. (Earl of
Nornich, G.B.)
Qffi. Lord Lieutenant of Aberdeenshire.
Chancellor of Marischal College, Aberdeen.
President of the Scottish Corporation.
Governor of Edinburgh Castle.
A General, and Colonel of the Royal Scots, or 1st
Regiment of Foot Guards.
(See page 209.)
GoRDoN,-The Hon. Sir Robert, G.C.B. . July 27, 1826
Offi. Ambassador Extr, and Plenipo. at the Turkish
Court.
A Metropolitan Lunatic Commissioner.
GoRDON, -Sir James-Willoughby, Bart., G.C.B. O
Offi. Quarter-Master General of the British Forces. -
A Major-General in the Army.
A Commissioner of the Military College at Sand-
hurst.
Goulburn,-Henry, M.P. for the University of
Cambridge . - - - - - Dec. 10, 1821
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland. -
Late Secretary for Ireland.
A Vice-President of the Prayer Book and Homily
Society. º
Rel. Cousin to the late Viscount Chetwynd.
(See pages 294 and 509.)
862 PRIVY COUNCIL
GRAHAM, Sir James-Robert-George, Bart, M.P. for
Cumberland,
Qff. First Lord of the Admiralty.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
(See pages 316 and 511.)
GRAHAM, The Marquess of M. P. for Cambridge
Borough . - - - - Feb. 23, 1821
N. & S. James Graham.
Rel, Eldest son of the Duke of Montrose.
(See pages 306 and 509.)
GRANT, Charles,—M.P. for Inverness-shire . May 28, 1819
Offi. President of the Board of Control for the
Affairs of India.
A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Vice-Pres, ofthe British and Foreign Bible Society.
(See pages 340 and 516.)
GRANT, Robert, M.P. for Norwich.
Offi. Judge-Marshal and Advocate-General.
A Commissioner of the India Board. -
A Commissioner of the Exchequer Bill Loan Office.
Iºel. Brother to the above.
(See pages 371 and 522.)
GRANT, Sir William, Knt. - - - . May 21, 1801
Offi. A Commissioner of the Church and Corporation
Land Taw.
Late Master of the Rolls.
GRANVILLE,-Granville-Leveson, Viscount, G.C.B.
July 19, 1804
Offi. Amb. Ea. and Min. Plen, at the Court of France.
Rel. His Lordship is half-bro. to the Marquess of
Stafford.
(See page 183.)
GRENv11.LE,--Thomas - - Dec. 5, 1789
Offi. Chief Justice in Eyre, South of Trent.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 863
GRENVILLE,-William-Wyndham, Baron, D.C.L.
and F.S.A. - - - - - Dec. 31, 1783
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Auditor and Tally Writer of the Erchequer.
Chancellor of the University of Oxford, elec. in 1809.
High Stenard of Bristol.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity House.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
(See page 184.)
GREY,-Charles, Earl,-K.G. . - - . Feb. 5, 1806
Offi. First Lord of the Treasury.
A Com. of the India Board, and of the Board of Trade.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity House.
A Governor of the Charter House.
(See page 184.)
GRosvenoR,-Lord Robert, M.P. for Chester.
Offi. Comptroller of the Board of Green Cloth.
Rel. Third son of the Marquess of Westminster.
(See pages 311 and 510.)
HADDINGTON,+Thomas, Earl of, S.P.—(Baron Mel-
rose, U.K.) - - - - July 29, 1814
Offi. Hereditary Keeper of Holyrood Park.
(See page 203.)
HAMILTON AND BRANDON,-Alexander, Duke of, S.P.,
and E.P., F.R.S., and F.S.A. . - . June 18, 1806
Offi. Hereditary Keeper of Holyrood Palace.
Lord Lieutenant of Lanarkshire.
Colonel of the Lanarkshire Militia.
(See page 151.)
HARDINGE,-Sir Henry, K.C.B.-M.P. for New-
port, Cornwall - - - May 30, 1828
Offi. A Major General in the Army.
Rel, Bro.-in-lan to the Marquess of LoNDoNDERRY.
(See pages 367, 387, and 521.)
864 PRIVY COUNCIL
HARDwick E,-Philip, Earl of, K.G., D.C.L., F.R.S.,
and F.S.A. - - - - - . March 17, 1801
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Cambridgeshire.
High Steward of the University of Cambridge, ap-
pointed in 1806.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
A Com. for building new Churches.
A Vice President of the British and Foreign Bible
Society.
(See page 185.)
HARRowby, Dudley, Earl of, D.C.L., and F.S.A. Mar. 3, 1790
Offi. High Steward of Tiverton.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
A Vice President of the British and Foreign Bible
Society. -
(See page 186.)
HERRIEs,—John-Charles, M.P. for Harwich . Aug. 17, 1827
Late Master of the Mint, and President of the Board
of Trade.
(See pages 333 and 515.)
HERTFord, Francis-Charles, Marquess of, K.G. Mar. 20, 1812
Offi. Vice Admiral, Lord Warden of the Stannaries,
and Stenard of the Duchy, of Cornwall.
Custos Rotulorum of Antrimshire.
Recorder of Coventry and Bodmyn.
President of the Lock Hospital.
(See page 188.)
HEytesbury, William, Baron, G.C.B. . . Dec. 30, 1817
Offi. Amb. Eatra. and Min. Plen, at the Court of
St. Petersburg.
(See page 188.)
HILL,-The Hon. William-Noel - - April 7, 1824
Rel, Brother and heir pres, to Baron BERwick.
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 865
HILL,~Rowland, Baron, G.C.B., K.T.S., K.M.T.,
and K.S.G. . - - - - - . Feb. 3, 1728
Offi. Gen., Commanding in Chief, of the British Forces.
Governor of Plymouth.
A Com, of the Royal Military College at Sandhurst.
Colonel of the Royal Horse Guards.
(See page 188.)
HILL,-Sir George Fitzgerald, Bart. . - . May 31, 1817
Off. Governor of the Island of St. P'incent.
A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
HobHouse,_Henry, F.S.A. . - - . June 28, 1828
Offi. Keeper of State Papers.
A Councillor of King's College, London.
Hobhouse,_Sir John Cam, Bart., M.P. for Westminster.
Offi. Secretary at War.
Holland,-Henry-Rich, Baron, F.R.S., F.A.S. Aug. 27, 1806
Offi. Chancellor of the Duchy Court, and County
Palatine, of Lancaster.
A Com. for the Affairs of the Duchy of Cornwall.
Recorder of Nottingham.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
(See page 189.)
HoPE,-Charles - - - - - Aug. 17, 1822
Offi. Lord Pres. of the Court of Session in Scotland.
HoRTox,-Sir Robert Wilmot, Knt. . - . May 23, 1827
Offi. Governor, Vice Admiral, and Commander in
Chief, of the Island of Ceylon.
How E,-Richard William, Earl
Offi. Late Lord Chamberlain to the Queen.
A Trustee of Rugby School.
(See page 191.)
HULSE,-Sir Samuel,-K.G.H. . - - . May 10, 1827
Offi. Field Marshal and Warden of Windsor Park.
Governor of Chelsea Hospital.
Rel. Bro. to Sir Charles Hulse, Bart., M.P. for
West-Looe.
866 PRIVY COUNCIL
JERSEY,-George, Earl of,
(See page 191.)
KEMPT,-Sir James, G.C.B., and K.G.H.
Offi. Master General of the Ordnance.
Lieutenant Governor of Fort William.
Lieutenant General in the Army, and Colonel of the
40th Foot; of the Royal Regiment of Artillery;
and of the Corps of Royal Engineers.
Governor of the Military Academy at Woolwich.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
KEPPEL,-Sir William,_G.C.B. - - . Nov. 16, 1827
Offi. Governor of Guernsey.
A General in the Army.
LAMB,-The Hon. Sir Frederick James, G.C.B. March 28, 1822
Offi. Amb. Ertra. and Plen. to the Austrian Court :
late at the Court of Spain.
Rel. Brother to Viscount MELBournº.
LANsdows E,-Henry, Marquess of.-F.R.S., D.C. L. Feb. 6, 1806
Offi Lord President of the King's Privy Council.
Lord Rector of the University of Glasgow.
Lord Lieutenant of Wiltshire.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Director of the British Institution for promoting
the Fine Arts.
A Vice Pres, of the Royal Society of Literature.
A Vice Pres, of the Royal Academy of Music.
(See page 193.)
LAUDERDALE,-James, Earl of S.P., K.T.-(Baron
Lauderdale, U.K.) - - - - July 21, 1826
Offi. Hereditary Royal Standard Bearer of Scotland.
(See page 194.)
LEACH,-Sir John, Knt. . - - - Dec. 30, 1817
Offi. Master Keeper of the Rolls.
A Com. for the reduction of the National Debt.(1)
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Director of the Royal Academy of Music.
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 867
LEEDs, George-William-Frederick, Duke of.-K.G. May 10, 1827
Offi. Lord Lieut. of the North Riding of Yorkshire.
Governor of the Islands of Scilly.
Ranger of Richmond Forest, and Constable of
Middleham Castle, both in Yorkshire.
A Director of the Royal Academy of Music.
President of St. Luke's Hospital.
(See page 194.)
LEINSTER,-Augustus-Frederick, Duke of, I.P.-
(Viscount Leinster, G.B.)
Offi. A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Lord Lieutenant of Kildareshire.
(See page 195.)
LEveson-Gower, Lord Francis - - . May 30, 1828
Offi. A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Late Secretary at War.
(See page 405.)
LEwis, Thomas-Frankland,-M.P. for Radnorshire. Feb. 5, 1828
Offi. A Commissioner of Metropolitan Roads.
(See pages 383 and 524.)
Lichfield,—Thomas-William, Earl of,
Offi. Master of the King's Stag Hounds.
(See page 144, under his former title of Viscount ANson.)
LIsroN,-Sir Robert, G.C.B. - - . March 26, 1812
LoNDoN,-Charles-James, Lord Bishop of D.D. July 31, 1828
Offi. Dean of the Chapel Royal.
Provincial Dean of Canterbury.
Visitor of Sion College in London.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
A Visitor of Harrow School.
A Visitor of the East India College at Hertford.
Pres. of the Society for Conversion of Negro Slaves.
Chaplain to the Royal Academy of Arts.
(See page 197.)
868 PRIVY COUNCIL
LoNDoSDERRY,-Charles-William, Marquess of, I.P.-
G.C.B., K.T.S., K.S.G., K.B.E., K.R.E., K.S.,
and D.C.L. (Earl Vane, U.K.) . - . July 23, 1814
Qff. Cust. Rot. of Londonderry and Domnshires.
A Lieut.-General and Col. of the 10th Dragoons.
(See page 234,-Earl VANE.)
Low THER,-Viscount - - - - . May 30, 1828
N. & S. William Lowther.
Off. A Commissioner of the Metropolitan Roads
and of the Affairs of the Duchy of Cornwall.
Late First Commissioner of Woods and Forests.
Rel, Eld, son of the Earl of Lonsdale.
(See page 419,-Westmoreland, County of)
Lush INGTON, -Stephen-Rumbold - - . June 30, 1827
Offi. Governor of Madras.
Councillor of the University of London.
Rel. Bro.-in-lan, to Baron Harris.
LyNDHURST, John-Singleton, Baron . - Nov. 30, 1826
Off. Lord Chief Baron of the Court of Erchequer.
Late Lord High Chancellor.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Com. for the Reduction of the National Debt. (!)
(See page 198.)
MAccLESFIELD,-George, Earl of, D.C.L., F.R.S. April 20, 1791
off. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Oxfordshire.
High Steward of Henley.
(See page 199.)
MINTosh,-Sir James, Knt.—D. C. L.-M. P. for
Knaresborough - - - - Nov. 16, 1827
Offi. A Commissioner for the Affairs of India.
(See pages 345 and 517.)
MANNERs, Thomas, Baron . - - . April 22, 1807
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Late Lord Chancellor of Ireland.
(See page 200.)
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 869
MARYBoRough, William, Baron - - Oct 18, 1809
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Warden of Swinley.
Cust. Rot. of Queen's County.
Constable of Maryborough Castle.
Rel. His Lordship is bro, to the Duke of Wellington;
to the Marquess Wellesley; and to Baron Cowley,
all Privy Councillors.
(See page 202.)
MELBourne,—William, Viscount . - April 30, 1827
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Secretary of State for the Home Department.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Commissioner for the Affairs of India.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Com, of the Exchequer and Exch. Bill Loan Office.
(See page 202.)
MELVILLE,-Robert, Viscount, -K.T., F.R.S. March 26, 1807
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal in Scotland.
Chancellor of the University of St. Andrew.
Governor of the Bank of Scotland.
A Com. for the custody of the Scottish Regalia.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity House.
(See page 203.)
MonTRoSE,-James, Duke of S.P., K.G., D.C.L.
(Earl Graham, G.B.) . - - - Aug. 8, 1789
Offi. Captain General of the King's Body Guard.
Lord Justice-General of Scotland.
Lord Lieut. of Stirlingshire and Dumbartonshire,
Chancellor of the University of Glasgow.
(See page 182,-Earl GRAHAM.)
MoUNT EDGEcuAIBE,-Richard, Earl of, D. C. L.,
F.R.S., and F.S.A. . - - - . March 9, 1808
Offi. Lord Lieut. Cust. Rot. and Vice-Ad, of Cornwall.
High Steward of Plympton.
(See page 206.)
870 PRIVY COUNCIL
MURRAY, The Hon. Sir George,_G.C.B., K.G.H.,
K.T.S., K.L., K.A.N., K.R.E., and K.M.T.-
M.P. for Perthshire . - - - . May 30, 1828
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Governor of Fort George.
A Lieut.-General, and Colonel of the 42d Foot.
Late Sec. of State for the Colonial Department.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
A Vice-President of the Highland Society.
Rel. Son of the Countess, and bro. to the Earl, of Mans-
field: neph. to Earl Cathcart: cous. to the Duke of
Atholl, Baron Glenlyon, and Viscountess Strath-
allan: uncle to Earl Brooke and of Warwick.
(See pages 378 and 523.)
NEwport, Sir John, Bart.—D.C.L., and M.R.I.A.
—M.P. for Waterford . - - . March 12, 1806
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
(See pages 413 and 529.)
Nicholl,—Sir John, Knt.—D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.S.A.
—M.P. for Bedwin - - - - . Feb. 6, 1809
Offi. Dean of the Arches and Judge of the Preroga-
tive Court of Canterbury.
Dean of the Peculiars.
Official Principal of the Court of Canterbury.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
A Councillor of King's College, London.
A Vice-President of the Foundling Hospital.
(See pages 298 and 507.)
NoFTHUMBERLAND,-Hugh, Duke of K.G., D.C.L.,
and F.S.A. - - - - - . March 23, 1825
Offi. Lord Lieut. Cust. Rot. and Pice-Admiral of
Northumberland and Newcastle-upon-Tyne.
Late Lord Lieut. and Gov.-General of Ireland.
Constable of Launceston Castle.
High Steward of Launceston.
A Vice-President of the Society of Arts.
(See page 208.)
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 871
Ouse LEY,+Sir Gore, Bart.—F.R.S. and F.A.S. Oct. 10, 1820
Offi. A Vice-President of the British and Foreign
Bible Society.
Late Ambassador at the Court of Persia.
A Director of the Royal Academy of Music.
A Vice-President of the Royal Asiatic Society.
To. Res. 49, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Woolmers, near Hatfield; and Claremont, Herts.
PAGET, The Hon. Sir Arthur, -G.C.B. - . Jan. 4, 1804
Offi. A General in the Army.
Rel. Brother to the Marquess of ANGLESEY; son-in-
lan to the Earl of WESTMoRELAND.
PALMERstoN, Henry-John, Viscount, I.P.-M.P. for
Bletchingly . - - - - Nov. 1, 1809
Offi. Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Commissioner for the Affairs of India.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
(See page 307,-Cambridge University, and page 508.)
PARNELL,~Sir Henry, Bart., M.P. for Queen's County.
Offi. Late Secretary at War.
A Commissioner of Metropolitan Roads.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
A Councillor of the University of London.
(See pages 383 and 524.)
PEEL,~Sir Robert, Bart., D.C.L.-M.P. for Tam-
worth - - - - - - . Aug. 13, 1812
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Late Secretary of State in the Home Department.
A Vice President of the Society for the Conversion
of Negro Slaves.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Trustee of the National Gallery of Pictures.
A Director of the British Institution for promoting
the Fine Arts.
A Vice President of the Society for relief of
Prisoners for small Debts,
872 PRIVY COUNCIL
PreRREPoſNT,-The Hon. Henry - - . May 20, 1807
Rel. Brother to Earl MANVERs.
PLUNKET, William, Baron - - - . May 10, 1827
Offi. Lord Chancellor of Ireland.
A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
(See page 212.)
Portland,—William-Henry-Cavendish, Duke of,
D.C.L. - - - - April 30, 1827
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Middleser.
A Commissioner of Metropolitan Roads.
(See page 213.)
Powis, Edward, Earl of, D.C.L. . - . Nov. 21, 1805
Off. Lord Lieutenant of Shropshire.
Recorder of Shrewsbury and Ludlow.
(See page 214.)
RAE,-Sir William, Bart., M.P. for Portarlington.
Advocate at the Scottish Bar.
Late Lord Advocate for Scotland.
(See page 305,-Bute and Caithness-shires; and page 524.)
RICHMOND,-Charles, Duke of, E.P., K.G.-(Duke
of Lenor, S.P.)
Offi. Post-Master General for the United Kingdom.
A Lieutenant Colonel in the Army.
Colonel of the Sussex Militia.
High Steward of Chichester.
A Commissioner for Emigration.
(See page 216.)
RoBINson, Sir Christopher, Knt., D.C.L. . March 5, 1828
Offi. Judge of the High Admiralty Court of England.
Rod EN, Robert, Earl of, L.P., K.P.-(Baron Clan-
brassil, U.K.) - - - - . March 26, 1812
Offi. Custos Rotulorum of Louthshire,
President of the Irish Sunday Schools.
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 873
Auditor General of the Irish Exchequer.
A V. Pres, of the Prayer Book and Homily Society.
A V. Pres, of the British and Foreign Bible Society.
Late A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
(See page 161,–Baron CLANBRAssil.)
RosBBERY,-Archibald-John, Earl of.-S.P.-(Baron
Rosebery, U.K.)
Off. Governor of the British Linen Company's Bank
in Scotland.
(See page 218.)
Rose,_Sir George-Henry, Knt., M.P. for Christ-
church - - - - - - . April 7, 1818
Offi. Clerk of the Parliaments.
A V. Pres, of the Prayer Book and Homily Society.
A Metropolitan Lunatic Commissioner.
(See pages 312 and 510.)
RossLYN,-James, Earl of,-G.C.B.
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Fifeshire.
Director for life of the Scottish Chancery.
A Gen. and Col. of the 9th Regt. of Dragoons.
A Com. of the Military College at Sandhurst.
(See page 218.)
RUSs.R.LL,~Lord John, M.P. for Devonshire.
Offi. Paymaster of the Forces.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
Vice Chairman of the Society for the Diffusion of
Useful Knowledge.
Rel. Third son of the Duke of Bedford.
(See pages 406, 520, Tavistock; and page 512.)
RussBLL,-Sir Henry, Bart. . - - . June 27, 1816
To. Res.62, Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Houghton, Essex; Swallowfield, near Read-
ing, Berks.
5 T
874 PRIVY COUNCIL
RYDER,-The Hon. Richard, . - - . Nov. 25, 1807
Offi. Registrar of the Consistory Court.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of HARRow BY.
ST. HELEN's, Alleyne, Baron, F.S.A. . . Nov. 30, 1787
Offi. A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Late A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
(See page 220.)
SALISBURY,-James-Brownlow-William, Marquess of,
–D.C.L., F.R.S., and F.S.A. - - . June 1, 1826
Offi. High Steward of Hertford.
Colonel of the Hertfordshire Militia.
(See page 221.)
SHADwell,—Sir Launcelot, Knt. - - . Nov. 16, 1827
Offi. Vice Chancellor of Great Britain.
A Councillor of King's College, London.
SHAFTESBURY,-Cropley-Ashley, Earl of . . July 23, 1814
Offi. Chairman of the Committees of the House of
Lords.
(See page 223.)
SHEPHERD,-Sir Samuel, Knt. . - - . July 23, 1819
Offi. A Com.for the Affairs of the Duchy of Cornwall.
Late Chief Baron of the Exchequer in Scotland.
SIDMoUTH,-Henry, Viscount, D.C.L., F.S.A. June 23, 1789
Offi. High Steward of Westminster and Reading.
Deputy Ranger of Richmond Park.
Recorder of Devizes.
A Governor of the Charter House.
An elder brother of the Trinity House.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
A Vice President of the Foundling Hospital.
A Com. of the Church and Corporation Land Tax.
(See page 224.)
SINCLAIR,-Sir John, Bart., D.C.L., F.R.S., and
F.S.A. - - - - - - . Aug. 29, 1810
Co. Se. Ulbster, Caithness.
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 875
SPENCER,-George-John, Earl,-K.G., F.R.S., and
D.C.L. . - - - - - - . July 1, 1794
Offi. An elder brother of the Trinity House.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
A Vice Pres, of the British and Foreign Bible Society.
A Director of the British Institution for promoting
the Fine Arts.
- (See page 225.)
STAFFoRD,-George-Granville, Marquess of.-R.G. May 28, 1790
Offi. A Trustee of the British Museum.
A Vice President of the Society of Arts.
A Com. for the Inspection of National Monuments.
(See page 226.)
STANLEY, Edward-Geoffrey-Smith, M.P. for Windsor.
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Secretary of State for Ireland.
Keeper of the Privy Seal for Ireland.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
Rel. Grandson of the Earl of Derby; son-in-lan of
Baron Skelmersdale.
(See pages 426 and 531.)
STowell,—William, Baron, D.C.L., F.R.S., and
F.A.S. - - - - - - . Oct. 31, 1798
Offi. Master of the Faculties, Doctors'-Commons.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
A Com. of the Church and Corporation Land Tax.
Rel. His Lordship is eld, bro. to the Earl of Eldon.
(See page 228.)
STRANGFord, Percy-Clinton, Viscount, I.P.-G.C.B.,
K.T.S.—(Baron Penshurst, U.K.) . . March 16, 1808
His Lordship is a GRANDEE of Portugal.
(See page 211,–Baron PENSHURST.)
STUART DE RothsAY,-Charles, Baron, G.C.B. Sept. 24, 1814
Late Amb, and Min. Plen. at the Court of France.
(See page 230.)
876 PRIVY COUNCIL
SULLIvan,—John - - - - -
Offi. A Commissioner for the Affairs of India.
Sussex,-H. R. H. Prince Augustus-Frederick, Duke
of.-K.G., K.T., D.C.L. . - - . Sept. 20, 1804
Offi. President of the Royal Society, and of the
Society of Arts.
Colonel of the Hon. Artillery Company.
High Steward of Plymouth.
Ranger of St. James's and Hyde Parks.
A Trustee of the British Museum.
Patron of the Society for the relief and instruction
of Africans and Asiatics, resident in London,
Grand Master of the Freemasons in England.
(See page 231.)
Jan. 14, 1805
SUTTON, The Rt. Hon. Charles-Manners, M.P. for
Scarborough - - - - Nov. 7, 1809
Offi. Speaker of the House of Commons. -
Registrar of the Faculty Office.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Commissioner for the reduction of the National
Debt. (!)
Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
(See pages 392 and 525.)
TALBoT,-Charles-Chetwynd, Earl,-K.P., F.R.S.,
and F.S.A. - - - - - . Sept. 17, 1817
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of Staffordshire.
(See page 232.)
TANKERVILLE,-Charles-Augustus, Earl of, . Feb. 12, 1806
(See page 232.)
TAYLoR,-Michael-Angelo, - Late M.P. for Durham.
Offi. A Vice President of the Magdalen Hospital.
(See page 324.)
TAYLoR,-Sir Brook, K.G.H.
Offi. Chief Clerk of the Signet Office, Somerset-place.
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 877
TEIGNMoUTH,-John, Baron, I.P. - - . April 8, 1807
Offi. President of the Bible Society.
Pres, of the Society for the Suppression of Vice.
President of the Society for bettering the condition
of the Poor.
(See page 268.)
TENTERDEN,+Charles, Baron . - - . Nov. 19, 1818
Off. Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench.
A Deputy Speaker of the House of Lords.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Vice-President of the Foundling Hospital.
(See page 232.)
THoMson, Charles-Powlet,_M.P. for Dover.
Offi. Treasurer of the Navy.
Deputy President of the Board of Trade and
Plantations.
A Commissioner for Greenwich Hospital.
(See pages 320 and 512.)
THoRNTon, Sir Edward, G.C.B. . - . June 8, 1816
THYNNE,-Lord John, M.A., and F.S.A.—M.P. for
Bath . - - - - - - . July 1, 1804
Offi. A Prebendary of Westminster.
Rel. Brother to the Marquess of Bath.
(See pages 297 and 506.)
Townshend,-Lord John - - . Feb. 7, 1806
Rel. Brother to the Marquess Townshend.
TyNDAL,~Sir Nicholas-Conyngham, Knt.
Offi. Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common
Pleas.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
A Councillor of King's College, London.
VAUGHAN,+Charles-Richard . - - . March 23, 1825
Offi. Env, Ea. and Min. Plen, at Washington, United
States of America.
878 PRIVY COUNCIL
WALLACE,--Thomas, Baron - - - . May 21, 1801
Offi. A Director of Greenwich Hospital.
(See page 236.)
WARRENDER,-Sir George, Bart.—M.P. for Honiton,
Feb. 4, 1822
Offi. A Director of the Royal Academy of Music.
Rel. Brother-in-lan, to the Earl of Falmouth.
(See pages 338 and 516.)
WELLESIEY,-Richard, Marquess, I.P.-K.G., K.C.,
K.S.L., D.C.L.-(Baron Wellesley, G.B.) . June 21, 1793
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Lord Stenard of the King's Household.
Cust. Rot. of the County of Meath.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
An Official Trustee of the British Museum.
(See page 236.)
WELLINGTON,+Arthur, Duke of, K. G., G. C. B.,
K.A., K.B.E., K.C.S., K.E., K.F.M., K.G.F.,
• K.M.J., K.M.T., K.S., K.St.E., K.St.G., K.T.S.,
K.W., and D.C.L. - - - - April 8, 1807
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor in Ireland.
A Field Marshal of Great Britain, as well as of
several other Kingdoms.
Constable of the Toner of London.
Lord Warden of the Cinque Ports.
Chancellor, Admiral, and Constable of Dover Castle.
Col. of the Grenadier Guards and the Rifle Brigade.
Lord Lieutenant of Hampshire, and of the Toner
Hamlets.
An Elder Brother of the Trinity House.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Commis, of the Military College at Sandhurst.
Pice Patron of the Naval and Military Bible
Society.
A Director of the Royal Academy of Music.
(See page 237.)
OF GREAT BRITAIN. 879
WESTMINSTER,-Robert, Marquess of - . June 21, 1793
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Flintshire.
(See page 184, under his former title of Earl GRosvenoR.)
WESTMoRELAND,-John, Earl of,-K.G. . . Oct. 14, 1789
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rol. of Northamptonshire.
A Governor of the Charter House.
Recorder of Lyme-Regis.
(See page 238.)
Wickham,_William . -
• . Jan. 13, 1802
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor for Ireland.
WILLough BY DE EREsBY and Gwydy R,-Peter-
Robert, Baron - - - - June 30, 1821
Offi. Joint Hereditary Great Chamberlain of England.
Lord Lieutenant of Caernarvonshire.
(See page 239)
WINCHESTER,-Charles, Marquess of - . March 20, 1812
Offi. Groom of the Stole to the King.
(See page 240.)
WYNFord, William-Draper, Baron . - . May 25, 1824
Offi. A Deputy Speaker of the House of Peers.
(See page 241.)
WYNN,+Charles-Watkin-Williams, D.C.L., F.S.A.
—M.P. for Montgomeryshire - - . May 17, 1822
Offi. One of the Commissioners for India Affairs.
A Metropolitan Lunatic Commissioner.
President of the Royal Asiatic Society.
A Commissioner of the Church and Corporation
Land Tax.
Rel. Nephen to Baron Grenville; brother to Sir W.
W. Wynne, M.P. for Denbighshire.
(See pages 363 and 521.)
WyNN,-Sir Henry-Watkin-Williams, K.G.H. April 30, 1825
Offi. Envoy Ertra. and Min. Plen, at the Court of
Denmark,
880 PRIVY COUNCIL, &c.
York,+Edward, Lord Archbishop of -D.C.L. . Jan. 20, 1808
Primate of England. -
Offi. Lord High Almoner to the King.
Visitor of Queen's College, Oxford.
A Governor of the Charter House.
A Commissioner for building new Churches.
A Vice President of the Royal Academy of Music.
(See page 241.)
YorkE,-Charles-Philip, M.P. for Reigate . Feb. 20, 1801
Offi. One of the Tellers of the Ewchequer.
A Vice Pres. of the Royal Society of Literature.
(See page 524)
OFFICERS OF THE PRIVY COUNCIL.
Clerks in Ordinary, Charles C. F. Greville, Esq., and the Hon.
William Bathurst (son of Earl Bathurst).
N. B. These Gentlemen are also Secretaries to the Lords of Trade and
Plantations.
Chief Clerk,-John Barrett Lennard (bro. to T. B. Lennard, Esq.,
M.P. for Maldon).
Clerks-Assistant of the 1st Class, H. Gaitskell, and W. Otto
Patch, Esqrs,
Clerks-Assistant of the 2d Class, C. Anthony Hamilton, Harry
Chester, and Edmund Harrison, Esqrs.
Clerk-Assistant of the 3d Class, The Hon. John Fox Strangways
(son of the Earl of Ilchester).
Appeal Clerk,+Thomas Devey, Esq.
Clerk for the Clergy Returns,—The Rev. Dr. Thomas B. Clarke.
Keepers of the Council Chamber, Messrs. William Flint, and
John Baker.
Messengers, Messrs. James Neal, and William Seville.
Office Keeper, Robert Pike.
THE PRIVY COUNCIL
Fort
IR EL AND.
ARMAGH,-Lord John-George, Archbishop of,
Primate of all Ireland.
Vice Chancellor of Trinity College, Dublin–CSee page 251.)
BExLEY,+Nicholas, Baron,
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See page 150.)
BLACKBURN, -Francis,
Offi. Attorney-General for Ireland.
BUSHE,-Charles-K.
Offi. Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench in Ireland.
BYNG,- Sir John, G.C.B.-M.P. for Poole.
Late Commander of the Forces in Ireland.
CASHEL,~Richard, Lord Archbishop of,
Also Bishop of Emly, and Primate of Munster.—(See pages 159
and 252.)
CASTLEMAINE,-William, Viscount, I.P.-(See page 262.)
CATHCART, William-Shaw, Earl,
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See page 159.)
CLANCARTY, -Richard, Earl of, R.I.P.,-G.C.B.
Also a Privy Councillor in England—(See page 162.)
CLoNCURRY,-Valentine-Brown, Baron, I.P.-and U.K.—(See
page 267; also List of Peers of late creation at the end of the
volume.)
CoMBERMERE,--Stapleton, Viscount,-(See page 164.)
Doherty, John,
Offi. Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas in Ireland.
DUBLIN, Richard, Lord Archbishop of,
Metropolitan, and Primate of Ireland, and
Bishop of Glandelah. —(See page 252.)
882 PRIVY COUNCIL
DoNEGAL-George-Augustus, Marquess of, I.P., K.P.-(Baron
Fishermick, U.K.)
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Donegalshire.-(See p. 177,-FISHERwick.)
ELY,-John, Marquess of, I.P.-K.P., D.C.L.-(Baron Loftus,
U.K.)
Offi. Custos Rotulorum of Wexfordshire.—(See p. 196,-Loftus.)
FARNBoRough, Charles, Baron,
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See page 176.)
FARNHAM, John, Baron, R.I.P.-(See page 176.)
FERRARD,-Thomas-Henry, Viscount, I.P.-(Baron Oriel, U.K.)
—(See page 210,—ORIEL.)
FITzGERALD,-James,
A King's Counsellor in Ireland.
FitzGERALD,-Maurice, (usually styled the Knight of Kerry).
Late M.P. for Kerry.—(See page 342.)
FrtzGERALD,-William F. Vesey, M.P. for Ennis.
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Clareshire.
Also a Privy Councillor in England. –(See pages 353 and 513)
GoRT,-Charles, Viscount, R.I.P.-(See page 181.)
Goulburn,-Henry, M.P. for Cambridge University.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.-(See page 294, Armagh,
and page 509.)
GRANARD,-George, Earl of, I.P.-(Baron Granard, U.K.)
Offi. Clerk of the Cronn, and of the Hanaper, in Ireland.—(See
page 182.)
Gºst-Charles–M .P. for Inverness-shire.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.-(See pages 340 and 516.)
GRENv1.1.1, E,-William-Wyndham, Baron,
Also a Privy Councillor in England.-(See page 184.)
GUILLAMoRE,-Standish, Viscount, I.P.
Late Lord Chief Baron of the Irish Exchequer.
Rel. Father to the Hon. Standish O'Grady, M.P. for Limerickshire.
—(See page 262.)
OF IRELAND. 883
HARDINGE,-Sir Henry, K.C.B.-M.P. for Newport, Cornwall.
Late Secretary at War, and late Chief Secretary for Ireland.—
(See pages 367 and 387, Newport, Cornwall; and St. Germans;
also page 521.)
HEwBTT,-Sir George, Bart., G.C.B.
Offi. A General in the Army.
HILL,~Sir George Fitzgerald, Bart.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.
Res. Brook Hall, Londonderry.
Joy, Henry,
Offi. Lord Chief Baron of the Irish Eachequer.
KILDARE,-Charles, Lord Bishop of,
Rel. Uncle to the Earl of Balcarras.-(See page 263)
LEINSTER,-Augustus-Frederick, Duke of, I.P.-(Wiscount Lein-
ster, G.B.)
Offi. Lord Lieutenant and Cust. Rot. of Kildareshire.
Grand Master of the Freemasons in Ireland.—(See page 195.)
LEveson-Gower, Lord Francis,
Also a Privy Councillor in England.
LIMERICK.-Edmund-Henry, Earl of, R.I.P.-(See page 195.)
MºMAHoN,-Sir William, Bart.
Offi. Master of the Rolls in Ireland.
MANNERs, Thomas-Manners, Baron
Also a Privy Councillor in England.
Late Lord Chancellor of Ireland—(See page 200.)
MARYBoRough, William, Baron,
Offi. Also a Privy Councillor in England.
Custos Rotulorum of Queen's County.—(See page 202.)
MAyo, -John, Earl of, R.I.P.-D.C.L., K.G.H.-(See page 202.)
MEATH,-Nathaniel, Lord Bishop of.-(See page 263.)
MELBourne,—William, Viscount, I.P. (Baron M., U. K.)
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See page 202.)
MELVILLE,-Robert-Saunders, Viscount,
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See page 203.)
884 PRIVY COUNCIL
MURRAY,-The Hon. Sir George, Bart., G.C.B., &c.—M.P. for
Perthshire.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See pages 378 and 523.)
NEwport, Sir John, Bart.—M.P. for Waterford.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See pages 413 and 529)
O'NEILL,~Charles-Henry-St. John, Earl, R.I.P.
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Antrimshire.
Pice-Admiral of Ulster.
Late Joint Post-Master-General of Ireland.— (See page 210.)
PEEL,~Sir Robert, Bart.—M.P. for Tamworth.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See pages 405 and 528.)
PLUNKET,-William-Conyngham, Baron,
Offi. Lord Chancellor of Ireland.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.-(See page 212.)
RADCLIFF, John, D.C.L.
Offi. Vicar General to the Archbishop of Armagh.
Judge of the Prerogative Court of Ireland.
A Director of inland navigation, and of roads and bridges in
Ireland.
A Commissioner of Irish Fisheries.
RossE,-Lawrence, Earl of, R.I.P.-M.R.I.A.—(See page 218.)
ST. HELENs, Alleyne, Baron,
Also a Privy Councillor in England.-(See page 220.)
SAURIN,-William,
Offi. A King's Counsellor in Ireland.
Late Attorney-General for Ireland.
SHANNoN,-Henry, Earl of, I.P.-K.P. (Baron Carleton, G.B.)
Offi. Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of Corkshire.—(See
page 157.)
SLIGo,-Howe-Peter, Marquess of, I.P.-K.P. (Baron Monteagle,
U.K.)
Offi. Lord Lieutenant and Custos Rotulorum of Mayoshire.
Rel. His Lordship is step-son to Baron Stowell.—(See page 205,
–MonTEAGLE.)
OF IRELAND. 885
Stanley-Edward-Geoffrey-Smith-M .P. for Windsor.
Offi. Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieutenant.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See pages 426 and 531.)
THoMo'ND,-William, Marquess of, R.I.P.-K.P.—(See page 233.)
TUAM, Power-Le-Poer, Lord Archbishop of, R.I.P.
Primate of Connaught, and Bishop of Ardagh.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Clancarty.—(See page 252; also, List
of Peers, &c. of late creation at the end of the volume.)
ViviaN,-Sir Richard-Hussey, Bart.—K.C.B.
Offi. Commander of the Forces in Ireland.
A Groom of the King's Bedchamber.
WickHAM, William,
Also a Privy Councillor in England.
WELLEsley, Richard, Marquess, I.P. (Baron W., G.B.)
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See page 236.)
WELLINGTON,-Arthur, Duke of, K.G., &c.
Also a Privy Councillor in England.—(See page 237.)
OFFICERS OF THE IRISH PRIVY COUNCIL.
Clerk, The Rt. Hon. Henry-Welbore, Viscount Clifden, I.P.-
(Baron Mendip, G.B.)
Deputy Clerks,—John Ebbs,-John Mackay, and John-Caillard
Erck, Esqrs. -
MINISTRY AND OFFICERS OF STATE
OF THE
UNITED KING DOM.
THE BRITISH CABINET.
Lord President of the King's Council, The Marquess of Lansdowne.
Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain,_Baron Brougham and
Vaux.
Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal,—Baron Durham.
First Lord of the Treasury (Prime Minister), Earl Grey.
Chancellor and Under Treasurer of the Earchequer, The Right
Hon. Viscount Althorpe, M.P. for Northamptonshire.
Secretary of State for Home Affairs, Wiscount Melbourne, I.P.
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs, The Rt. Hon. Viscount
Palmerston, M.P. for Bletchingley.
Secretary of State for the Colonies, Viscount Goderich.
President of the Board of Control over the Affairs of India, The
Right Hon. Charles Grant, M.P. for Inverness-shire.
President of the Board of Trade, and Master of the Mint, Baron
Auckland.
First Lord of the Admirally,–The Right Hon. Sir James R. G.
Graham, Bart., -M.P. for Cumberland.
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, Baron Holland.
Postmaster-General,—The Duke of Richmond, K. G.
Paymaster-General of his Majesty's Forces, The Rt. Hon. Lord
John Russell,—M.P. for Devonshire.
Chief Secretary of State for Ireland,-The Right Hon. Edward
Geoffrey S. Stanley, M.P. for Windsor.
CHIEF FUNCTIONARIES OF ENGLAND.
Earl Marshal of England,-The Duke of Norfolk.
Joint-Hereditary Grand Chamberlains of England,-The Marquess
Cholmondeley, and Baron Willoughby d'Eresby and Gwydyr.
PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES, &c. 887
Hereditary Grand Almoner, The Marquess of Exeter, K.G.
Hereditary Grand Falconer, and Hereditary Registrar of the
Court of Chancery, The Duke of St. Albans.
SECRETARY AT WAR,--The Right Hon. Sir John Cam Hobhouse,
Bart.—M.P. for Westminster.
Commander in Chief of the Land Forces, Baron Hill, G.C.B.
Master General of the Ordnance,—The Right Hon. Sir James
Kempt, G.C.B.
Constable of the Toner of London, and Lord Warden of the Cinque
Ports, The Duke of Wellington, K.G.
Lieutenant of the Toner of London, The Earl of Munster.
Judge Advocate General of his Majesty's Forces, The Right Hon.
Robert Grant, M.P. for Norwich.
LoRDs, or CoMMIssion ERs, of THE TREASURY,-
Viscount Althorpe; (also Chancellor of the Earchequer.)
The Rt. Hon. Baron Nugent, I.P., M.P. for Aylesbury.
Robert Vernon Smith, Esq., M.P. for Northampton.
Francis Thornhill Baring, Esq., M.P. for Portsmouth.
The Hon. George Ponsonby, M.P. for Youghall.
Secretaries to the Lords of the Treasury,
Edward Ellice, Esq., M.P. for Coventry.
Thomas Spring Rice, Esq., M.P. for Limerick.
Auditor of the Erchequer, Baron Grenville.
Tellers of the Earchequer,
Marquess Camden.
The Right Hon. Charles Yorke.
Earl Bathurst, K.G.
Spencer Perceval, Esq., M.P. for Tiverton.
First Commissioner of the Land Revenue ; or of the Royal Woods
and Forests, Viscount Duncannon, M.P. for Kilkennyshire.
Lord Warden of the Stannaries, and Stenard of the Duchy of
Cornwall,—The Marquess of Hertford, K.G.
Chief Justice in Eyre, north of Trent, The Earl of Clarendon.
Chief Justice in Eyre, south of Trent, The Rt. Hon. Thos. Grenville.
Keeper of State Papers, The Right Hon. Henry Hobhouse, F.A.S.
888 PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES
LoRDs CoMMIssroNERs of THE ADMIRALTY,-
Sir Thomas M. Hardy, K.C.B.
The Hon. George H. L. Dundas, C.B.
The Hon. George Barrington, Captain, R.N.
Sir Samuel J. Brooke Pechell, Bart., C.B., late M.P. for Helston.
First Secretary to the Admirally,–The Hon. Capt. George Elliot.
Judge of the High Court of Admiralty, The Right Hon. Sir
Christopher Robinson, Knt., D.C.L.
King's Advocate General,—Sir Herbert Jenner, D.C.L.
Comptroller of the Navy Qftce,—Sir Thomas Byam Martin, G.C.B.,
—M.P. for Plymouth.
Treasurer of the Navy Pay Office, and Vice President of the Board of
Trade,-The Rt. Hon. Charles Poulett Thomson,-M.P. for Dover.
Master or Keeper of the Rolls in the Court of Chancery, Sir
John Leach, Knt.
Wice Chancellor, Sir Launcelot Shadwell, Knt.
Clerk of the Cronn, Earl Bathurst, K.G.
Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench,-Baron Tenterden.
Judges, Sir Joseph Littledale, Knt., Sir James Park, Knt.,
Sir Wm. E. Taunton, Knt., Sir John Patteson, Knt.
Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, Sir Nicholas-
Conyngham Tyndal, Knt.
Judges, Sir James-Allan Park, Kt., Sir Steph. Gazelee, Kt.,
Sir J.-B. Bosanquet, Kt., Sir Edw.-H. Alderson, Kt.
Lord Chief Baron of the Court of Exchequer, Baron Lyndhurst.
Barons,—Sir John Bayley, Knt., Sir William Garrow, Knt.,
Sir John Vaughan, Kt., Sir William Bolland, Knt.
Attorney-Gen.-Sir Thomas Denman, Kt., M.P. for Nottingham.
Solicitor-General,—Sir Wm. Horne, Kt., M.P. for Newton, I.W.
Official Principal of the Court of Arches, and Master of the Pre-
rogative Court, The Rt. Hon. Sir John Nicholl, Kt., D.C.L,
—M.P. for Bedwin.
Master of the Faculty Office,—Baron Stowell,—D.C.L.
Judge of the Consistory Court, Stephen Lushington, Esq., M.P.
for Ilchester.
OF THE EMPIRE. 889
CHIEF FUNCTIONARIES OF SCOTLAND.
Heritable Lord High Constable of Scotland,-The Earl of Errol.
Lords Commissioners for the Custody of the Scottish Regalia,-
The Duke of Argyle. The Right Hon. William Dundas,
Viscount Melville,_K.T. The Right Hon. David Boyle, and
The Rt. Hon. Francis Jeffery, Lord Advocate,_M.P. for Forfar,&c.
Lord Keeper of the Great Seal,—The Duke of Argyle.
Lord Keeper of the Privy Seal,—Viscount Melville,_K.T.
Lord Register, and Keeper of the Royal Signet,_The Honourable
William Dundas.
Heritable Master of the King's Household,—The Duke of Argyle.
Heritable Standard Bearer, The Earl of Lauderdale, K.T.
Vice Admiral,—Earl Cathcart, K.T.
Commander of the Forces, Major-Gen. The Hon. Patrick Stuart.
Adjutant-General,—Lord Robert Ker, (brother to the Marquess of
Lothian; also Secretary to the Most Noble Order of the Thistle.)
Captain General of the Royal Archers, or King's Body Guard,
The Duke of Montrose, K.G.
Generals, The Earl of Elgin,
The Duke of Gordon, G.C.B.
The Earl of Dalhousie, -G.C.B.
President, The Duke of Buccleugh, K.T.
Master of the Mint, The Hon. George Elliot.
LoRD JUSTICE GENERAL,~The Duke of Montrose,_K.G.
Lord President of the Court of Session,--The Rt. Hon. Charles Hope.
Lord Justice Clerk, The Right Hon. David Boyle.
Lord Chief Baron of the Exchequer, The Right Hon. James
Abercrombie.
Lord Advocate,_The Rt. Hon. Francis J effrey.
Solicitor-General,—Henry Cockburn, Esq.
Lord High Commissioner to the General Assembly of the Church,--
Baron Belhaven and Stenton, R.I.P. (Baron Hamilton, U.K.)
Director of the Chancery, The Earl of Rosslyn, G.C.B.
Dean of the Faculty of Advocates, John Hope, Esq.
Lord Commissioner for Jury Trials, The Rt. Hon. William Adam.
5 x
890 PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES
Keeper of Holy Rood House,_The Duke of Hamilton, S.P. (Duke
of Brandon, U.K.)
Keeper of Scone Palace,—The Earl of Mansfield.
Keeper of Dunstaffnage and Carrick,--The Duke of Argyle.
Keeper of Rothsay Castle,_The Marquess of Bute.
C A B IN E T
AND
CHIEF FUNCTIONARIES OF IRELAND.
His Ercellency the Lord LIEUTENANT GENERAL, and General
Governor, The Marquess of Anglesey, K.G.
Lord High Almoner, The Right Hon. and Most Rev. Lord John-
George-De-La-Poer, Lord Archbishop of Armagh.
Keeper of the Privy Seal, and Chief Secretary to the Lord Lieu-
tenant, The Right Hon. Edward-Geoffrey-Smith Stanley.
Commander of the Forces, The Right Hon. Sir Richard-Hussey
Vivian, K.C.B.
Military Secretary to the Commander, Baron Templemore.
Lord Chancellor, Baron Plunket.
Master of the Rolls in Chancery, The Right Hon. Sir William
M“Mahon, Bart.
Clerk of the Cronyn and Hanaper, The Earl of Granard.
Lord Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench,--The Rt. Hon.
Charles-K. Bushe.
Lord Chief Justice of the Court of Common Pleas, The Rt. Hon.
John Doherty.
Lord Chief Baron of the Court of Exchequer, The Right Hon.
Henry Joy.
Attorney-General,—The Rt. Hon. Francis Blackburn.
Solicitor-Gen., Philip C. Crampton, Esq., M.P. for Milborne Port.
Judge of the Prerogative Court, and Vicar-General of the Metro-
politan Court of Armagh, The Rt. Hon. John Radcliff-D.C.L,
OF THE EMPIRE. 89.1
OFFICERS
OF THE
KING’S HOUSEHOLD.
LoRD CHAMBERLAIN,-The Duke of Devonshire.
Vice-Chamberlain,_The Right Hon. The Earl of Belfast,-M.P.
for Antrimshire.
Comptroller and Superintendent, Thomas B. Mash, Esq.
Keeper of the Privy Purse,_Colonel Sir Henry Wheatley.
Groom of the Stole,_The Marquess of Winchester.
Lords of the Bedchamber, Grooms of the Bedchamber,

Baron Glenlyon. The Hon. Gen. Edward Fitch.
The Earl of Fife, I.P.-K.T. The Hon. Aug. Cav. Bradshaw.
Baron Clinton. The Hon. Sir Wm. Lumley, G.C.B.
Earl Amherst. Sir Tomkyns H. Turner, Kt.
Lord James O'Brien (bro, and heir pres. | Sir Joseph Whatley, K.G.H.
to the Marquess of Thomond, R.I.P.) | The Hon. Sir Charles Paget, K.C.B.,
The Earl of Denbigh. M. P. for Carnarvon: brother to the
Baron Napier, R.S.P. Marquess of Anglesey.
Baron Byron. Gen. Sir William Houston, G.C.B.
Viscount Falkland, R.S.P. Colonel Thomas Armstrong.
The Earl of Gosford, R.I.P. Sir Richard Hussey Vivian, K.C.B.
The Mar. of Queensberry, R.S.P.-K.T. Sir Henry Blackwood, K.C.B.
Baron Lilford. The Hon. G. P. Campbell.
Sir James Reynett, K.G.H.
Extraordinary Groom of the Bedchamber, Sir Jonathan Wathen
Waller, Bart., K.G.H.
Master of the Ceremonies, Sir R. Chester, Knt.
Assistant and Marshal,—Thomas Seymour Hyde, Esq.
Usher of the Black Rod, Sir Thomas Tyrwhitt, Knt.
Master of the Robes, Sir George Seymour, C.B., Captain R.N.
Groom of the Robes, Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence,
Examiner of Plays, George Colman, Esq.
Poet-Laureat, Robert Southey, LL.D.
Physicians in Ordinary, Sir Henry Halford, Bart., M.D.,
Sir Gilbert Blane, Bart., M.D.,
Sir Matthew John Tierney, Bart., M.D.,
William Macmichael, M.D.



892 PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES
Sergeant-Surgeons,—
Sir Everard Home, Bart., Sir Astley Paston Cooper, Bart.
Dean of the Chapel Royal,—The Bishop of London.
Sub-Dean,—William Holmes, M.A.
Confessor of the Household,—Henry Fly, D.D.
Clerk of the King's Closel,-The Bishop of Worcester.
LoRD STEwARD of THE Household, and Judge of the Marshal-
sea Court, The Marquess Wellesley, K.G.
Master of the Household,—Sir Fred. Brooke Watson, K.G.H., F.R.S.
Secretary to the Board of Green Cloth, Thomas Marrable, Esq.
Treasurer,-The Rt. Hon. Sir William H. Freemantle, K.G.H.
Comptroller,-The Rt. Hon. Lord Rob. Grosvenor, M.P. for Chester.
Stenard of the Marshalsea or Palace Court, William B. Brent, Esq.
Knight-Marshal,—Sir Charles Montolieu Lamb, Bart., D.C.L.
Depuly–Marshal,—Sir George Head, Knt.
Clerk,+J. Mitchell, Esq.
Lord High Almoner, The Archbishop of York.
Sub-Almoner, The Rev. Edmund Goodenough, D.D. (a Pre-
bendary of Westminster, Carlisle, and York.)
Captain of the Hon. Band of Gentlemen Pensioners, Baron Foley.
Captain of the Yeomen of the King's Guard, The Marquess of
Clanricarde, K.P.
MASTER of THE HoRSE,--The Earl of Albemarle.
Chief Equerry and Clerk Marshal,—Major General Sir Andrew
Barnard, K.C.B.
Equerries in Ordinary,+Sir Philip Sidney, K.G.H. (son-in-law
to his Majesty).
Lord Frederick Fitzclarence, Col. and Lieut. Col. of the 7th
regiment of foot (2d son of his Majesty).
Sir Augustus D'Este, K.G.H. (son of the Duke of Sussex.)
Lieut. Col. Charles Richard Fox,−M.P. for Calne (son of Lord
Holland, and son-in-lan to his Majesty).
Equerry Ertraordinary, The Honourable Henry F. C. Cavendish,
Lieut. Colº-M.P. for Derby (son of the Earl of Burlington).
Equ. of the Cronn Saddle, Maj. Gen. Sir G. Quentin, C.B., K.G.H.
MASTER of THE STAG Hounds,--The Earl of Lichfield.
OF THE EMPIRE, 893
OFFICERS OF THE QUEEN'S HOUSEHOLD.
LoRD CHAMBERLAIN,-The Marquess of Queensberry.
Pice Chamberlain,-The Honourable William Ashley-Cooper (a
son of the Earl of Shaftesbury.)
Mistress of the Robes, The Duchess Dowager of Leeds.
Ladies of the Bedchamber,
The Marchioness of Westmeath, The Marchioness of Ely,
The Countess of Mayo, Countess Brownlow, and
The Marchioness Wellesley, Baroness Clinton.
Attorney-General,—John Williams, Esq., M.P. for Winchelsea.
Solicitor-Gen.,-Charles Christopher Pepys, Esq., M.P. for Malton.
Physicians in Ordinary, Sir Henry Halford, Bart., M.D., and
Sir Charles M. Clarke, Bart., M.D.
Surgeon, Robert Keate, Esq.
MASTER of THE HoRs E,--The Earl of Errol, S.P.-(Baron Kil-
marnock, U.K.—son-in-lan to the King).
Equerries, Major General James Macdonell, C.B.,
Captain George R. Pechell,
The Hon. S. Hay (2d son of the Earl of Kinnoul, S.P.)
BRITISH MINISTERS
AT
FOREIGN COURTS.
Austria.-Vienna.
Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, The Right
Hon. Sir Frederick J. Lamb.
Secretary of Embassy, The Hon. Francis R. Forbes.
BAvARIA.—Munich.
Envoy Extraordinary and Min. Plenipo.,-Baron Erskine.
Secretary of Legation,--The Hon. Richard Bingham.
BELGIUM.–Brussels.
Envoy Ertraordinary, The Rt. Hon. Sir Robert Adair, Knt.
894 PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES
BRAZIL.-Rio Janeiro.
Chargé d'Affaires,-Sir Arthur Aston, Knt.
BUENos AYRES AND CHILI.—Buenos Ayres.
Minister Plenipotentiary, Henry S. Fox, Esq.
Sec. of Legation,-Philip Y. Gore, Esq.
CoLom BIA.
Envoy Eatraordinary and Min. Plen, William Turner, Esq.
Sec. of Legation,-Patrick Campbell, Esq.
DENMARK.—Copenhagen.
Env. Ertr., The Right Hon. Sir Henry Watkin Williams
Wynn, K.G.H.
Sec. of Legation,-Peter Browne, Esq.
FRANCE.-Paris.
Amb. Eatr. and Plen., Viscount Granville.
Sec. of Emb.,-Hamilton C. Hamilton, Esq.
GERMAN ConFEDERATION.—Frankfort.
Min. Plen., Thomas Cartwright, Esq.
Sec. of Leg., John R. Milbanke, Esq.
GREECE.—Missolonghi.
Chargé d'Affaires,-Henry Parish, Esq.
HANSEAT1c Towns.—Hamburgh.
Consul General,—Henry Canning, Esq.
Holland.-The Hague.
Amb. Ertr. and Plen, The Right Hon. Sir Charles Bagot,
G.C.B. (bro, to Baron Bagot.)
Sec. to the Emb.,-The Hon. John D. Bligh (bro. to the Earl
of Darnley, I.P., Baron Clifton, U.K.)
LuccA AND MoDENA.—Lucca.
Envoy Extraordinary, Lord Burghersh (son and heir of the
Earl of Westmoreland).
MExico.—Mearico.
Chargé d'Affaires,-Richard Pakenham, Esq.
OF THE EMPIRE. 895
PERSIA.—Ispahan.
Envoy Ertraordinary, Sir James Macdonald, Knt.
PRussia.-Berlin.
Env. Ertr. and Min. Plen., -George W. Chad, Esq.
Sec. of Leg., -Ralph Abercrombie, Esq.
Russia-St. Petersburg.
Amb. Eartr. and Plen, Baron Heytesbury.
Secretary of Embassy, The Hon. William Temple.
SARDINIA.—Turin.
Env. Eatr. and Min. Plen.,-Sir Augustus John Foster, Bart.
Sec. of Leg-,-Charles M. St. George, Esq.
SAxony.—Dresden.
Minister Plenipotentiary, Edward M. Ward, Esq.
Secretary of Legation,-Charles T. Barnard, Esq.
SICILIEs, Two.—Naples. -
Env. Ertr. and Min. Plen.-Baron Ponsonby.
Sec. of Leg., -The Hon. William Fox Strangways.
SPAIN.—Madrid.
Env. Extr. and Min. Plen.,-Henry Unwin Addington, Esq.
Sec. of Leg., Lord William Hervey.
SwedEN.—Stockholm.
Env, Eatr. and Min. Plen.,-Baron Bloomfield, I.P.
Sec. of Legation,--The Hon. John A. D. Bloomfield (son of
the Ambassador).
SwitzERLAND.—Berne.
Min. Plen.,-The Honourable Algernon Percy.
Sec. of Legation,-Thomas-F. Wilmot, Esq.
TURREy.—Pera, near Constantinople.
Amb. Eatr. and Plenipo.,-The Rt. Hon. Sir Robert Gordon.
Sec, to the Embassy, John-H. Mandeville, Esq.
---
--
*-
896 PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES
Tuscany.—Florence.
Minister Resident, George-H. Seymour, Esq.
Sec. of Legation,-The Hon. George Edgecumbe (son of the
Earl of Mount Edgecumbe).
WIRTEMBURG.—Wirtemburg.
Env, Ertr. and Min. Plen.,-Sir Edward C. Disbrowe, K.G.H.
Sec. of Legation,-Charles H. Hall, Esq.
UNITED STATEs of AMERICA.—Washington.
Env. Ertr. and Min. Plen., The Rt. Hon. Charles Richard
Vaughan.
Sec. of Leg., -Charles Bankhead, Esq.
LORDS LIEUTENANT, CUSTODES ROTULORUM, &c.
OF THE
SEVERAL COUNTIES OF
ENGLAND, WALES, SCOTLAND,
AND
IR E L A N ID.
ENGLAND.
Bedfordshire, Baron Grantham.
Berkshire, the Earl of Abingdon.
Buckinghamshire, the Duke of Buckingham, K. G.
Cambridgeshire, the Earl of Hardwicke, K. G.
Cheshire, the Earl of Stamford and Warrington.
Cornnall,—the Earl of Mount Edgecumbe.
Lord Warden of the Stannaries, the Marquess of Hertford, K.G.
Cumberland,-the Earl of Lonsdale, K. G.
Derbyshire, the Duke of Devonshire, K. G.
Devonshire, Earl Fortescue.
Dorsetshire, Earl Digby.
Durham,_the Marquess of Cleveland.
Custos Rotulorum, the Lord Bishop of Durham.
OF THE EMPIRE. " 897
Essex,−Viscount Maynard. . - -
Gloucestershire, the Duke of Beaufort, K. G.
Herefordshire, Earl Somers.
Hertfordshire, the Earl of Verulam.
Huntingdonshire, the Duke of Manchester.
Kent, Marquess Camden, K. G.
Lancashire, the Earl of Derby.
Leicestershire, the Duke of Rutland, K. G.
Lincolnshire, Earl Brownlow,
Middlesex,−the Duke of Portland. * -
Monmouthshire, the Duke of Beaufort, K. G., also Lord Lieut.
of Brecknockshire.
Norfolk, the Honourable John Wodehouse.
Northampionshire, the Earl of Westmoreland.
Northumberland,-the Duke of Northumberland, K. G.
Nottinghamshire, the Duke of Newcastle, K. G. º
Oxfordshire, the Earl of Macclesfield.
Rutlandshire, the Marquess of Exeter, K. G.
Shropshire, the Earl of Powis.
Somersetshire, the Marquess of Bath, K. G.
Southampionshire, the Duke of Wellington, K. G.
Staffordshire, Earl Talbot.
Suffolk, the Duke of Grafton.
Surrey, Baron Arden.
Sussea, the Earl of Egremont.
Toner-Hamlets, Middlesex,−the Duke of Wellington, K. G.
Warnickshire, Earl Brooke and of Warwick.
Westmoreland,-the Earl of Lonsdale, K. G.
Wiltshire, the Marquess of Lansdowne.
Worcestershire, the Earl of Coventry.
Yorkshire:-East-Riding, the Earl of Carlisle.
—West-Riding, the Earl of Harewood.
— North-Riding, the Duke of Leeds, K. G.

- WALES.
Angleseyshire, the Marquess of Anglesey, K. G.
Brecknockshire, the Duke of Beaufort. .
Cardiganshire, William E. Powell, Esq., who is also M.P. for
the county. . ------
5 y
898 PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES
Caermarthenshire, Baron Dynevor.
Caernarvonshire, Baron Willoughby de Eresby and Gwydyr.
Denbighshire, Sir Watkin Williams Wynn, Bart., who is M.P.
for the county; also Lord Lieut. of Merionethshire.
Flintshire, the Marquess of Westminster.
Glamorganshire, the Marquess of Bute.
Merionethshire, Sir Watkin W. Wynn, Bart.
Montgomeryshire, Viscount Clive, M.P. for Ludlow.
Pembrokeshire, Sir John Owen, Bart., who is also M.P. for the
county.
Radnorshire, Baron Rodney.
SCOTLAND.
Aberdeenshire, the Duke of Gordon, G. C. B.
Argyleshire, the Duke of Argyll.
Ayrshire, —the Earl of Glasgow.
Banffshire, the Earl of Fife, K.T.
Bernwickshire, the Earl of Home.
Buteshire, the Marquess of Bute.
Caithness-shire, the Earl of Caithness, S.P.
Clackmannanshire, the Earl of Mansfield.
Cromartyshire, Robert B. AEneas M'Leod, Esq.
Dumbartonshire, the Duke of Montrose, K. G.-also Lord Lieu-
tenant of Stirlingshire.
Dumfries-shire, the Marquess of Queensberry, K. T.
Edinburghshire, the Duke of Buccleugh and Queensberry, K. T.
Elgin or Morayshire, the Earl of Moray, K. T.
Fifeshire, the Earl of Rosslyn, G. C. B.
Forfarshire, the Earl of Airlie, S. P.
Haddingtonshire, the Marquess of Tweeddale, K.T.
Inverness-shire, the Hon. Col. F. W. Grant, M.P. for Elginshire.
Kincardineshire, Viscount Arbuthnot.
Kinross-shire, the Right Honourable William Adam, who is also
Lord Chief Commis. of the Scottish Jury Court, in Civil Causes.
Kirkcudbright Stenartry, Viscount Garlies, (son and heir of the
Earl of Galloway; also Lord Lieutenant of Wigtonshire.)
Lanarkshire, the Duke of Hamilton and Brandon.
OF THE EMPIRE. 899
Linlithgowshire, the Earl of Hopetown.
Nairnshire, William Brodie, Esq., of Brodie.
Orkney and Shetland, Stenartry, Baron Dundas.
Peebles-shire, the Earl of Wemyss and March.
Perthshire, the Earl of Kinnoul.
Renfrenshire, Archibald Campbell, Esq.
Ross-shire, Sir James W. Mackenzie, Bart.
Rowburghshire, the Marquess of Lothian.
Selkirkshire, Baron Montagu.
Stirlingshire, the Duke of Montrose.
Sutherlandshire, Earl Gower, (son and heir of the Marquess of
Stafford).
Wigtonshire, Wiscount Garlies.
IRELAND.
Antrimshire, Lord Lieutenant, Earl O’Neill.
Custos Rotulorum, the Marquess of Hertford.
Armaghshire, Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Gosford.
Carlonshire, L. Lieut.-Vis. Duncannon, M.P. for Kilkennyshire.
Cust. Roto-William Browne, Esq.
Cavanshire, Lord Lieut.-the Marquess of Headfort.
Cust. Rot.—Nathaniel Sneyd, Esq.
Clareshire, Lord Lieut.-the Right Hon. William V. Fitzgerald,
M.P. for Ennis.
Cust. Rot.,-Marquess Conyngham.
Corkshire, Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Shannon.
Donegalshire, Lord Lieut.-the Marquess of Donegal.
Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Leitrim.
Donnshire, Lord Lieut.-the Marquess of Downshire.
Cust. Rot.,-the Marquess of Londonderry.
Dublinshire, Lord Lieut.-the Earl of Meath.
Cust. Rot.,-Vacant by the death of Sir Compton Domville, Bart.
Fermanaghshire, Lord Lieut., and Cust. Roto-the Earl of Ennis-
killen.
Galnayshire, Lord Lieut.--the Marquess of Clanricarde.
Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Clancarty.
Kerryshire, Lord Lieut.-the Earl of Kenmare.
Cust. Rot.,-James Crosbie, Esq.
900 PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES
Kildareshire, Lord Lieut, and Cust. Rot-,-the Duke of Leinster.
Kilkennyshire, Lord Lieut., and Cust. Rot, the Marquess of
Ormonde.
King's County,+L. Lieut.-Lord Oxmantown, M.P. for King's Co.
Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Rosse.
Leitrimshire, Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Leitrim.
Limerickshire, Lord Lieut., the Hon. Col. R. H. Fitzgibbon,
M.P. for Limerickshire.
Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Dunraven.
Londonderryshire, Lord Lieut.-Baron Garvagh.
Cust. Rot.,-the Marquess of Londonderry.
Longfordshire, Lord Lieut., and Cust. Rot.,-Viscount Forbes,
M.P. for Longfordshire. (Son and heir apparent of the Earl
of Granard.) -
Louthshire, Lord Lieut.-Sir Patrick Bellew, Bart.
Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Roden.
Mayoshire, Lord Lieut., and Cust. Rot.,-the Marquess of Sligo,
Meathshire, Lord Lieut.-the Earl of Darnley.
Cust. Rot, Marquess Wellesley.
Monaghanshire, Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. -Baron Rossmore.
Queen's County, Lord Lieut.-Viscount de Vesci.
Cust. Rot, Baron Maryborough.
Roscommonshire, Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot.,-Viscount Lorton.
Sligoshire, Lord Lieut.-Col. Knox Gore.
Cust. Roto-Owen Wynne, Esq.
Tipperaryshire, Lord Lieut.--the Earl of Donoughmore.
Cust. Rot.,-the Hon. F. A. Prittie.
Tyroneshire, Lord Lieut.-the Earl of Caledon.
Cust. Rot.,-the Earl of Belmore.
Waterfordshire, Lord Lieut.-Henry-Villiers Stuart, Esq.
Cust. Rot.,-Lord George-Thomas Beresford.
Westmeathshire, Lord Lieut.--the Marquess of Westmeath.
Cust. Roto-the Earl of Longford.
JWexfordshire, Lord Lieut.-Robert Shapland Carew, Esq., M.P
for Wexfordshire.
Cust. Rot.,-the Marquess of Ely.
Wicklon'shire, Lord Lieut.-the Earl of Wicklow.
Cust, Rot-,-the Earl of Meath.
OF THE EMPIRE. 901
GOVERNORS
OF
COLONIES AND SETTLEMENTS:—
IN AFRICA:—
CAPE of Good HoPE:—Governor and Commander-in-chief—The
Hon. Sir Galbraith-Lowry Cole, G.C.B. --
MAURITIUs:–Governor and Com.-in-chief,-Sir Charles Colville,
Lieut. Gen., G.C.B.: ->
WESTERN Coast:-Commander-Lieut. Col. Alexander Findlay.

IN AMERICA:—
CANADA, Low ER, (as well of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and
Prince Edward's Island):-Capt. General and Governor-in-
chief—Baron Aylmer, I.P., K.C.B., Lieut. Gen.
CANADA, UPPER:-Lieut. Gov.–Sir John Colborn, K.C.B.
NewFoundLAND:-Lieut. Gov. and Vice Admiral,—Captain Sir
Thomas-I. Cochrane, R.N. -
Nova Scot1A:—Lieut. Governor and Commander of the Forces,
Major General Sir A. Campbell.
St. John's, or PRINCE Edward's Island:—Lieutenant Governor,
—Lieutenant Colonel Young,
IN ASIA :–
BENGAL:–Governor, and Gov. General of India, Lord William-
Cavendish Bentinck.
Commander-in-chief—The Earl of Dalhousie, S.P.-G.C.B.
BoMBAy:—Gov.,-The Earl of Clare, I.P. (Baron Fizgibbon, U.K.)
CEyLoN:—Vice Admiral and Commander-in-chief—The Rt. Hon.
Sir Robert-Wilmot Horton, Kt.
MADRAs:—Gov.–The Rt. Hon. Stephen-Rumbold Lushington.
IN AUSTRALIA:—
New South WALEs:—Captain-General and Commander-in-chief,
—Major General Richard Bourke.
Swan River:-Commander, Captain Stirling.
VAN DIEMAN's LAND:-Lieut. Gov.,-Colonel George Arthur.

902 PUBLIC FUNCTIONARIES, &c.
IN EUROPE:—
GIBRALTAR —Governor, The Earl of Chatham.
HELIGoLAND:-Lieutenant Governor, Colonel Henry King.
IoniaN IsLANDs:—Lord High Commissioner from his Majesty to
the Republic,+Lieut. Gen. Sir Frederick Adam, K.C.B.
MALTA:—Lieutenant Governor, The Honourable Frederick-C.
Ponsonby, Major General.
IN THE WEST INDIES:–
ANTIGUA:—Governor and Vice Adm.,-Sir Patrick Ross, Major
General.
BAHAMA Is LANDs:—Gov. and Vice Adm.,-Sir James Carmichael
Smyth, Bart., C.B., Major General.
BARBADoEs:—Gov., Sir James Lyon, K.C.B., Major General.
BERBICE:-Lieut. Governor, and President of the Courts, Henry
Beard, Esq.
BERMUDA:—Gov., Vice Adm., and Com.-in-chief—Colonel Sir
Stephen Chapman, Kt., C.B.
DEMERARA AND EssBQUIBo:—Governor and Com-in-chief—Sir
Benjamin D'Urban, K.C.B., Major General.
DoMINICA:—Governor and Vice Adm.,-Colonel Sir Evan-Murray
Macgregor, Kt.
GRENADA:—Governor and Vice Adm.,-Major General Sir James
Campbell, K.C.B.
JAMAICA:—Governor General, and Vice Admiral,—The Earl of
Belmore, R.I.P.
Monts.ERRAT:—Lieutenant Governor, Samuel-P. Steward, Esq.
ST. CHRISToPHER (with its dependencies of Nevis, Anguilla, and
the Virgin Islands):—Gov. and Vice Adm.,-Major General
William Nicolay, C.B.
ST. LucIA:—Governor and Commander-in-chief-Major General
George Mackie.
ST. VINCENT:—Governor and Com.-in-chief—The Rt. Hon. Sir
George-F. Hill, Bart.
ToBAGo:—Governor and Vice Admiral,—Major General Nathaniel
Blackwell, C.B.
TRINIDAD:—Governor and Pice Admiral,—Major General Sir
Lewis Grant, Kt.
CURIOUS ACCOUNT
OF A
CONTENTION FOR THE PRIMACY,
BETWEEN THE
ARCHBISHOPS OF CANTERBURY AND YORK;
REFERRED TO IN THE NoTE To PAGE 2 of THIS volume.
From a scarce work, entitled “Hystorie of Kent, written in the yeere 1570, by
William Flambarde, of Lincoln’s-inn, London.”
“The Archbishops of Canterburie, by the fraude of Augustine,
by the power of Lanfranc, and by the industrie of Anselme, were
much exalted: but how much that was to the greevous displeasure
and pining enuie of the Archbishops of Yorke, you shall perceive by
that which followeth.
“King Henry the first kept (upon a time, 1127) a stately Christ-
mas at Windsore, where, (the manner of our kings then being at
certaine solemne times to weare their crownes,) Thurstine of Yorke
(having his crosse borne up before him) offered to set the crowne
upon the king's head. But William of Canterburie withstood it
stoutly, and so prevayled by the favour of the king, and the help of
the standers by, that Thurstine was not onely disappointed of his
purpose, but he (and his crosse also) thurst clean out of the doores.
“William of Yorke (the next in succession after Thurstine, both
in the see and quarrel) perceiving that the force of his predecessor
prevailed nothing, attempted by his own humble means (first made
to the king, and after to the Pope, 1155,) to winne the coronation
of King Henry the seconde, from Theobald, the next Archbishop of
Canterburie. But when hee had received repulse in that sort of
suite also, and found no way left to make avengement upon his eni-
mie, hee returned home, all wroth, and (mixing poison in the chalice
at his masse) wreaked the anger upon himselfe.
904 CONTENTION FOR
“After this, 1178, another hurley burley happened in a synode,
assembled at Westminster, in the time of King Henry the seconde,
before Cardinall Hugo, (Pope Alexander's legate,) between Richard
and Roger, then Archbishops of these two sees, upon occasion, that
Roger of Yorke, comming of purpose, (as it should seem,) first to
the assembly, had taken up the place on the right hand of the Car-
dinall; which, when Richard of Canterburie had espied, hee refused
to sit downe in the second roome, complayning greatly of this pre-
judice done to his see : whereupon, after sundry replies of speech,
the weaker in disputation (after the maner of shrewde schoole-boies
in London streetes) descended from hote wordes to hartie blowes; in
which encounter, the Archbishop of Canterburie (through the mul-
titude of his meiney) obteined the better, so that he not onely
plucked the other out of his place, and trampling upon his bodie
with his feete) all to rent and tare his causle, chimer, and rochet,
but also disturbed the holy synode therewithall in such wise, that
the Cardinall for feare betooke him to his feete, the company de-
parted, their businesse vndone, and the bishops themselves moved
suite at Rome for the finishing of their controversie. By these and
such other successes on the one side, the Byshops of Canterburie fol-
lowing, tooke such courage, that from thenceforth they woulde not
permit the Byshops of Yorke to bear up the crosse, either in their
presence or province. And on the other side, the Byshops of Yorke
conceived such griefe of heart, disdaine, and offence, that from time
to time they spared no occasion to attempt both the one and the
other.
“In the first yeere of the reigne of King Edward the third, when
the parlement was summoned to Yorke, to treat of the Scottish af.
faires, John Stratford, the Archbishop of Canterburie, fearing that
he should not be permitted to have his crosse quietly carried up in
that province, woulde neither himselfe come, nor suffer any bishop
of his owne province to apeere at that place: and so most peevishly
frustrated the assembly of the king, his nobilitie, commons, and the
rest of the cleargee. At the length, the matter being yet once more
set on foote betweene Simon Islepe (the Archbishop of this countrie)
and his adversarie, the incumbent of Yorke for that time, King
Edward the third (in whose reigne also that variance was revived,
1352,) resumed the matter into his owne hands, and made a final


THE PRIMACY. 905
composition betweene them, the which he published under his broad
seale to this effect:-first, that eche of them shoulde freely, and with-
out empeachment of the other, bear up his crosse in the others pro-
vince, but yet so that hee of Yorke and his successors for ever, in
signe of subjection, should, within two months after their inthroniza-
tion, either bring, or sende, to Canterburie, the image of an Arch-
bishop bearing a crosse, or some other jewell, wrought in fine golde,
to the value of 40 pounds, to offer it openly there upon Saint Tho-
mas Becket's shrine: then, that in all synods of the clergie, and
assemblies where the king should happen to be present, hee of Can-
terburie shoulde have the right hande, and the other the left: finally,
that in broade streetes and highe waies, their crosse-bearers shoulde
go togither; but yet in narrow lanes, and in the entries of doores and
gates, the crossier of Canterburie should go before, and the other
come behind, for fear of justling.
“So that (as you see) the Byshops of Canterburie evermore pre-
vailing by favour and obstinacy, they of Yorke were driven in the
end to give over in the plain fielde for verie despair, wan hope, and
weerinesse.”
5 z
ORDER OF PRECEDENCE
OF
PEERS CREATED AND ELECTED,
AND OF
S PIR ITU A L L OR DS
WHO HAVE TAKEN THEIR SEATS, SINCE THIS WORK HAS BEEN IN THE PRESS.
ARCHIBISHOP.
Eğ For the Style and Order of Precedence of the Archbishop of
Tuam, see page 2, &c.
MARQUESSES.
. His Lordship, the Most Honourable Archibald, MARQUEss of
AILsA, created Sept. 9, 1831. Gullielmo Quarto Regnante.
Aged
. His Lordship, the Most Hon. John, MARQUEss of BREADAL-
BANE, cre. Sept. 9, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 69
. His Lordship, the Most Hon. Robert, MARQUEss of WEST-
MINSTER, cre. Sept. 9, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 64
EARLS.
. Sº. 13.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. David, EARL of LEven
AND MELv1LLE, cre. Oct. 11, 1641. Carolo Primo Regnante.
Aged 46
. $.33. 39. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Dunbar, EARL of SEL-
KIRK, cre. Aug. 4, 1646. Eod. Reg. Aged 23
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George, EARL of MUNstER,
cre. May 12, 1831. Gullielmo Quarto Regnante. Aged 37
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-Augustus-Henry, EARL of
BURLINgroN, cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 77
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Robert-Dundas, EARL of CAMPER-
Down, cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 46
. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Thomas-William, EARL of Lich-
FIELD, cre. Sept. 7, 1831, Eod. Reg. Aged 36
HOUSE OF PEERS. 907
VISCOUNT.
10. ś. 33.33. His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Lucius, Viscount FALK-
LAND, cre. Nov. 10, 1620. Jacobo Seato Regnante.
Aged 28.
BISHOPS.
& For the Style and Order of Precedence of Irish Representative
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
Prelates, see page 21, &c.
BARONS.
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-George, BARoN KILMAR-
Nock, cre. May 31, 1831. Gullielmo Quarlo Regnante.
Aged 31
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. Arthur-James, BARON FINGALL,
cre. June 16, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 72
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. William-Philip, BARon SEFron,
cre. June 16, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 59
His Lordship, the Rt. Hon. George-William, BARoS RossIE,
cre. June 16, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 25
His Lordship, the Right Hon. George-James-Welbore, BARON
Dov ER, cre. June 16, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 34
His Lordship, the Right Hon. Nathaniel, BARoS CLEMENTs,
cre. June 20, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 63
His Lordship, the Right Hon. Thomas, BARon KENLIs,
cre. Sept. 17, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 44
His Lordship, the Right Hon. John-Chambre, BARON CHA-
worth, cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 59
His Lordship, the Right Hon. George, BARoN DUNMoRE,
cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 69
His Lordship, the Right Hon. George-James, BARON LUDLow,
cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. - Aged 73
His Lordship, the Right Hon. Robert-Montgomerie, BARon
HAMILTON, cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 38
His Lordship, the Right Hon. John-Francis, BARoN Howden,
cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 69
His Lordship, the Right Hon. William, BARoN PANMURE,
cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 60
His Lordship, the Right Hon. George, BARoN OAKLEY,
cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 48
. His Lordship, the Right Hon. George-Warwick, BARon Pol-
TIMoRE, cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 45
HOUSE OF PEERS.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32,
His Lordship, the Right Hon. Robert, BARoS WENLock,
cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged
His Lordship, the Right Hon. Edward-Price, BARoN Mosty N,
cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 63
His Lordship, the Right Hon. William-Fitzharding, BARoS
SEGRAve, cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 45
His Lordship, the Right Hon. Arthur, BARoN TEMPLE.MoRE,
cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 35
His Lordship, the Right Hon. William-Lewis, BARon DIN-
or BEN, cre. Sept. 7, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 64
His Lordship, the Right Hon. Valentine, BARoN CLoNcurry,
cre. Sept. 12, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 58
His Lordship, the Right Hon. James, BARON DE SAUMAREz,
cre. Sept. 12, 1831. Eod. Reg. Aged 74
SUPPLIE MENT
TO THE
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT
OF THE
SPIRITUAL AND TEMPORAL LORDS
OF
PARLIAMENT.
AILS
1. AILSA, (1st) Marquess of,
of the Isle of Ailsa, Co. of Ayr,
U.K. Y. of C. 1831
(For further particulars, see AILSA,
Baron of, pages 30 and 142. No. 344.)
2. BREADALBANE, (1st) Mar-
quess of, Perthshire, U.K. Y., of C. 1831
O. T. Earl of Ormelie, and . .
Baron Breadalbane of Tay-> 1831
mouth Castle, Perthsh,U.K.
(For further particulars, see BREAD-
ALBANE, Baron of, pages 30 and
151. No. 345.)
7. BURLINGTON, (1st) Earl of,
Yorkshire . . . . . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. George Augustus-Henry Ca-
vendish.
O. T. Baron Cavendish, of Keighly,
Yorkshire . . . . . . . 1831
Bn. Mar. 31st . . . . . . 1754
Mar. Elizabeth, dr. of Charles, 7th
Earl of Northampton, Feb. 27th
H. Ap. His Lordship’s grandson,
William Cavendish, Esq., M.P.
for Derbyshire (who married
Blanche-Georgiana, 4th dr. of
the Earl of Carlisle, Aug. 6th,
1829), born April 27th . . 1808
To. Res. Burlington House, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Latimers, near Chesham, Bucks;
Compton-place, Eastbourne, Sussex;
1782
CAMIP
and Holkar Hall, Milnthorpe, West-
moreland.
Rel. His Lordship is uncle and heir pres.
to the Duke of Devonshire: father to
the Hon. H. F. C. Cavendish, M.P.
for Derby, Lieut.-Colonel 1st Life
Guards, and Equerry Extraordinary
to the King; to the Hon. C. C. Ca-
vendish, M.P. for Yarmouth, Isle of
Wight; and to the lady of Lord
Charles Fitzroy (son of the Duke of
Grafton), late M. P. for Thetford:
grandfather to the Member for Derby-
shire.
His Lordship, during many years, repre-
sented the county of Derby in the
Commons' House of Parliament.


8. CAMPERDOWN, (1st) Earl of,
of Lundie, Forfarshire; and of
Gleneagles, Perthshire, U. K.
Y. of C. 1831
(For further particulars, see DUN CAN,
Viscount, pages 19 and 172. No. 189.)


18. CHAWORTH, (1st) Baron,
of Eaton Hall, Herefordshire,
U.K. . . . . . . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. John-Chambre Brabazon, K.P.
O. T. I. P. EARL of MEATH . 1627
Baron Brabazon, and . . . .
Baron Ardee . • { 1618
CLEMI
DE SAUM
( 910 )
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Dublinshire.
Custos Rotulorum of Wicklowshire.
Bn. April 9th . . . . . . 1772
Suc. his father, as 9th Earl,
May 26th . . . . . . . 1797
Mar. Melosina-Adelaide, 4th dr.
of John, 1st Earl of Clan-
william, Dec. 31st . . . .
H. Ap. William, Lord Brabazon,
M.P. for Dublinshire, bn. Oct. 1803
To. Res. 18, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se.. Kilruddery House, Wicklow-
shire; and Eaton Court, Herefordshire.
1801
16. CLEMENTS, (1st) Baron,
of Kilmacrenan, Donegalshire,
U.K. . . . . . . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. Nathaniel Clements.
O.T. I.P. EARL of LEITRIM - 1795
Viscount and Baron Leitrim,
of Manor Hamilton, Leitrim-
shire . . . . 1793 and 1783
Viscount Clements . . . 1793
Offi. Lord Lieutenant and Cust. Rot. of
Leitrimshire.
Cust. Rot. of Donegalshire.
Port Searcher of Dublin.
Colonel of the Donegalshire Militia.
A Trustee of the Irish Linen Manu-
facture.
Bn. May 9th . . . . .
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, July
27th . . . . . . . . . 1804
Mar. Mary, dr. and co-heiress of
the late W. Bermingham, Esq.
H. Ap. Robert Bermingham, Vis-
count Clements, born May . . 1805
To. Res. 18, Great Cumberland-place.
Co. Se. Killadoon-Cellbridge, Kildare-
shire; and Manor Hamilton, Leitrim-
shire.
Rel. Uncle to Viscount Massarene; and
to Viscount Sydney : fa. to the Hon.
W. S. Clements, Aide-de-camp to the
Lord Lieut. of Ireland: fit.-in-law to
the Hon. and Rev. Edward Southwell
Keppel (who is son of the Earl of
Albemarle.)
. . 1768
31. CLONCURRY, (1st) Baron,
of C., Kildareshire U.K. Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. Valentine-Browne Lawless.
O.T. I.P. BARoN CLoNcunny,
of C., Kildareshire . . . 1789
A Baronet of Ireland . . 1776
Offi. A Privy Councillor for Ireland.
Bn, Aug. 19th - - 1773
Suc. his father, as 2d Baron, Aug.
28th . . . . . . . . 1799
Mar. First, Eliza-Georgiana, yst.
dr. of Maj.-Gen. G. Morgan,
(which marriage was after-
wards dissolved), April 16th
Secondly, Emily, 3d dr.of Archi-
bald Douglas, Esq. (who was
widow of Joseph Leeson, Esq.;
and mother of the present Earl
of Miltown, I.P.), June 30th
H. Ap. The Hon. Edward Lawless,
born Sept. 23d . . . . . 1816
Co. Res. Lyons Castle, Kildareshire;
and Abington, Limerickshire.
Rel. Fa.-in-law to Lord Sussex Lennox
(who is bro. to the Duke of Richmond):
step-fu. to the Earl of Miltown, I.P.:
bro.-in-law to Baron Dunsany; and to
Sir Francis-Nathaniel Burton, G.C.B.
(who is twin-bro. to the Marquess
Conyngham), Governor of Lower Ca-
nada.

1803

1811


32. DE SAUMAREZ, (1st) Baron,
of the Island of Guernsey,
U.K. . . . . . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. James Saumarez, G.C.B. K.S.S.
O. T. A. Baronet . . . . . 1801
Offi. Admiral of the Red, and
Vice-Admiral of Great Britain.
Bn. Mar. 11th . . . . . .
Mar. Martha, dr. and heiress of
Thomas Le-Marchant, Esq.,
Oct. 27th . . . . . . . 1788
H. Ap. James (in holy orders, and
mar. to Mary 2d dr. of the late
Admiral Lechmere), born Oct. 9 1789
Co. Se. Guernsey.
1757

30. DINORREN, (1st) Baron,
of Kennell Park, Denbighshire,
Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. William-Lewis Hughes.
Offi. Major-Commandant of the Royal
Anglesey Militia.
Bn. Nov. 9th . . . . . . 1767
Mar. Charlotte-Margaret, 3d dr.
of R. W. Grey, Esq., March 8, 1804
H. Ap. William-Lewis, born Nov.
9th . . . . . . . . . 1821
To. Res, 75, South Audley-street.
Co. Se. Kenmell Park, St. Asaph, North
Wales.
His Lordship had previously been one
of the representatives for WALL-
INGFORD.

DUNM
FING
( 911 )
15. DOVER, (1st) Baron,
of D. Castle, Kent . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. George-James-Welbore-Agar
Ellis, F.R.S. and F.S.A.
Off. A Trustee of the British Museum,
and of the National Gallery.
Bn. Jan. 14th . . . . . . 1797
Mar. Georgiana, 2d dr. of the Earl
of Carlisle, Mar. 7th . . . . 1822
H. Ap. Henry, born Feb. 25th . 1825
To. Res. Melbourne House, Whitehall.
Co. Se. Roehampton, Surrey.
Rel. Son and heir to Viscount Clifden,
I.P. (Baron Mendip, G.B.) son-in-law
of the Earl of Carlisle, &c. &c.—
(See CARLISLE, Earl of, page 157;
also MENDIP, Baron, page 204.)
Lord Dover is an author of considerable
reputation.
19. DUNMORE, (1st) Baron,
of D. in the Forest of Athol, Perth-
shire, U.K. . . . . . . 1831
N. & S. George Murray.
O. T. S. P. EARL of DUNMORE.
Viscount Fincastle, and . .
Baron Murray of Blair, Mou-X 1686
lin, and Tillemot . . .
Bn. April 30th . . . . . 1762
Suc. his father, as 5th Earl, in
March . . . . . . . .
Mar. Susan, 3d dr. of Archibald,
9th Duke of Hamilton and
Brandon, Aug. 4th . . . . 1803
H. Ap. Alexander-Edward, Vis-
count Fincastle (Lieut. in the
60th Foot), born June 1st . . 1804
Co. Se. Dunmore Park, Stirlingshire;
and Glenfinart, Argyleshire.
Rel. His Lordship is also uncle to Lieut.-
Gen. Keith Murray, E. India Comp.
Service; bro.-in-law to his Royal
Highness the Duke of Sussex; al-
though the double marriage of Lady
Augusta Murray (deceased) with that
Prince was disallowed by the two
Houses of Parliament:—their children
have adopted the surname of D'Esté.
1809
10. FALKLAND, Wiscount,
S. P. . . . . . . Y. of C. 1620
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected June 3d . . . . . 1831
N. & S. Lucius Cary
Offi. A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
A Capt. in the 7th Regt. of Foot.
Bn, Nov. 5th . . . . . . 1803
Suc. his father, as 9th Viscount,
March 2d . . . . . . . 1809
Mar. Lady Amelia Fitzclarence,
yst, sister of the Earl of Munster,
Dec. 27th . . . . . . . 1830
H. Ap. A Son, born Nov. 24th . 1831
To. Res. Eaton-square, Pimlico.
Co. Se. Worley Hall, Berkshire.
Rel. The Viscountess is the yst. dr. of
his Majesty, King William IV., by
Mrs. Jordan, late of the Theatre
Royal, Drury-lane: sister to the
Countess of Errol; to the Earl of
Munster, &c. which see.
12. FINGALL, (1st) Baron,
of Woolhampton Lodge, Berks.
U.K. . . . . . . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. Arthur-James Plunkett, K.P.
O. T. I. P. EARL of FING ALL. 1628
Baron Killeen of K. Castle,
Meathshire . . . . . . 1486
Offi. A Visitor and Trustee of the Ca-
tholic College of St. Patrick, at May-
nooth.
Bn. Sept. 9th . . . . . . 1759
Suc. his father, as 8th Earl, Aug.
21st . . . . . . . . . 1793
Mar. Frances, dr. of John Donel-
lan, Esq., Dec. 18th . . . . 1785
H. Ap. Arthur-James, Lord Kil-
leen, M.P. for Meathshire, born
March 29th . . . . . . 1791
Res. Great Denmark-street, Dublin.
Co. Res. Killeen Castle, Meathshire.
His Lordship is a CATHolic, and
one of the very few Irish landholders who
have not assisted to ruin their country,
by absenting themselves from the soil
from whence they derive their revenues.

21. HAMILTON, (1st) Baron,
of Wishaw, Lanarkshire, U.K.
Y. of C. 1831
Offi. Lord High Commissioner to the
General Assembly of the Church of
Scotland. (See note on this office,
page 178.)
To. Res. 8, Stratton-street.
(For further particulars, see BELHA-
VEN and STENTON, Baron, pages
26 and 148. No. 258.)

22. HOWDEN, (1st) Baron,
of H. and Grimston, Yorkshire,
Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. John-Francis Cradock, G.C.B.
K.C. -
KENL
LICH
( 912 )
O.T. I. P. BARON. How DEN, of
Grimston, Spalding, and Cra-
dockstown, Kildareshire . . 1819
Offi. A General in the Army, and Col.
of the 43d Regt. of Foot.
Bn. Aug. 12th . . . . . . 1762
Mar. Theodosia-Sarah-Frances, 3d
dr. of John, 1st Earl of Clan-
william, Nov. 17th . . . 1798
H. Ap. The Hon. John-Hobart
Cradock (a Lieut. Col. in the
Army), born Oct. 16th . . 1799
To. Res. 13, Hereford-street, Oxford-st.
Co. Se. Grimston Park, Tadcaster; and
Spaldington Hall, near Howden, York-
shire.
17. KENLIS, (1st) Baron, U.K.
of Kenlis or Kells, Meathshire,
Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. Thomas Taylour.
O. T. I. P. MARQUEss of HEAD-
FORT . . . . . . . . . 1800
Earl of Bective, of B. Castle . 1766
Viscount and Baron Headfort
1760 and 1762
A Baronet of Ireland . . . 1704
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Cavanshire.
Col. of the Meathshire Militia.
Bn. May 4th . . . . . . 1787
Suc. his father as 2d Marquess, &c.
Oct. 24th . . . . . 1829
Mar. Olivia, widow of E. T.
Dalton, Esq., and dr. of Sir
John Stevenson, Jan. 29th . . 1822
H. Ap. Thomas, Earl of Bective,
born Nov. 1st . . . . . . 1822
Co. Se. Headfort House, Meathshire.
Rel. His Lordship is bro. to Lady Mary
Taylour, Lady of the Bedchamber to
the Princess Augusta; cousin to the
Hon. R. Taylour, Col. of the 6th
Dragoon Guards.
11. KILMARNOCK, (1st) Baron,
of K., Ayrshire, U.K. . Y. of C. 1831
(For further particulars, see ERROL,
Earl of, pages 10 and 174. No. 76.)
4. LEVEN and MELVILLE, Earl
of S. P. . Y. of C. 1641 and 1690
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected June 3d . . . . . 1831
N. & S. David Leslie-Melville, C.B.
O. T. S. P. Viscount Kirkaldy . 1690
Baron Melville of Moneymail . 1616
Baron Balgonie, Raith, Money-
mail and Balwearie 1641 and 1690
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Bn. June 22d . . . . . . 1785
Suc. his father, as 11th Earl,
Feb. 22d . . . . . . . 1820
Mar. Elizabeth-Anne, dr. of Sir
Archibald Campbell, Bart.,
June 21st . . . . . . .
H. Pres. His Lordship's brother,
the Hon. John Thornton Mel-
ville, born Dec. 18th . . . 1786
Co. Se. Melville House, and Balgonie,
Fifeshire.
Rel. His Lordship is nephew to the Hon.
David Leslie, a General in the Army;
bro.-in-law to Henry Smith, Esq., and
to Abel Smith, Esq., M.P. for Wen-
dover (who are both nephews to Lord
Carrington). His brother, the Hon.
Alexander Melville, is son-in-law to
Samuel Smith, Esq. (who is brother
to Lord Carrington), of Woodhall
Park, Hertfordshire, the other M.P.
for Wendover.
1824

9. LICHFIELD, (1st) Earlof,
Staffordshire . . . . Y. of C. 1831
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
(For further particulars, see ANSON,
Wiscount, pages 19 and 144. No. 193.)
20. LUDLOW, (1st) Baron, U.K.
Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. George-James Ludlow, G.C.B.
O. T. I. P. EARL LUDLow, and 1760
Viscount Preston . . . .
Baron Ardsalla, Meathshire - 1755
Offi. A General in the Army, and Col.
of the 38th Regt. of Foot.
Lieut. Governor of Berwick.
Bn. Dec. 12th . . . . . 1758
Suc. his brother, as 3d Earl, Nov. 7 1811
To. Res. 15, New Burlington-street.
Co. Se. Cople, near Bedford; and Ard-
salla, Meathshire.

27, MOSTYN, (1st) Baron,
of M., Flintshire . . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. Edward-Price Lloyd.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . 1778
Bn. Sept. 17th . . . . . 1768
Suc. to the Baronetcy, May 26th 1795
Mar. Elizabeth, 3d dr. of the late
Sir Roger Mostyn, Bt., Feb. 11
H. Ap. The Hon. Edward-Mostyn
Lloyd–Mostyn, M.P. for Flint-
shire (mar. to Harriet-Margaret,
eld. dr. of the Earl of Clonmel),
born Jan. 13th . . . . 1795

1794

OAKL
ROSS
( 913 )
To, Res. 9, Lower Seymour-street.
Co. Se. Pengwern, near St. Asaph, North
Wales.
His Lordship was lately M.P. for Flint,
&c.
24. OAKLEY, (1st) Baron,
of Caversham, Oxfordshire,Y, of C. 1831
N. & S. George Cadogan.
Offi. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Bn. May 5th . . . . . . 1783
Mar. Louisa-Honoria, 5th dr. of
the late Joseph Blake, Esq.,
April 4th . . . . . . . 1810
H. Ap. The Hon. George Cadogan,
born Jan. 9th . . . . . . 1811
To, Res. 16, Park-lane.
Co. Se. Caversham, Oxon.
Rel. His Lordship is half-brother and
heir pres. to the Earl of Cadogan:
bro.-in-law to Baron Wallscourt, I.P.
23. PANMURE, (1st) Baron,
of Brechin and Navar, Forfarshire,
U.K. . . . . . . Y. of C, 1831
N. & S. William Ramsay-Maule
(formerly Ramsay.)
Bn. Oct. 27th . . . . . . 1771
Mar. First, Patricia-Heron, dr. of
Gilbert Gordon, Esq., Dec. 1 1794
Secondly, Elizabeth, dr. of John
Barton, Esq. in . . . . 1822
H. Ap. The Hon. Fox Maule,
born April 22d . . . . . 1801
Co. Se. Panmure and Navar, near Bre-
chin, Forfarshire.
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Dalhousie. His
Lordship inherited the estates of Earl
Panmure of Forth.
Lord Panmure sat many years in the
Commons as M.P. for Forfarshire.
25. POLTIMORE, (1st) Baron,
of P., Devonshire . . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. George-Warwick Bampfylde.
O. T. A. Baronet . . . . . 1641
Offi. Col. of the North-Devon Militia.
Bn. in . . . . . . . 1786
Suc. to the Baronetcy, April 19th 1823
Mar. Emma, dr. of the Rev. Ralph
Sneyd, May 2d . . . . . 1807
To. Pies. 19, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Hardington Park, near Frome,
Somersetshire; Poltimore, near Ex-
eter; and Court Hall, North Molton,
Devonshire.
- -
14. ROSSIE, (1st) Baron,
of R. Perthshire, U. K. Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. George-William-Fox Kinnaird.
O. T. S. P. B.A.Ron KINNAIRD,
of Inchture . . . . . . . 1682
Offi. Grand Master of the Free-
masons in Scotland.
Bn. April 14th . . . . . . 1807
Suc. his father, as 9th Baron Kin-
naird, Dec. 11th . . . . . 1826
To. Res. 5 A, Mansion House, Albany.
Co. Se. Kinnaird House, and Rossie
Priory, Perthshire.
Rel. Nephew to the Duke of Leinster;
to the Baroness Dunsany; and to the
lady of Admiral Sir George Johnstone
Hope, G.C.B.


13. SEFTON, (1st) Baron,
of Croxteth, Lancashire, Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. William-Philip Molyneux.
O. T. A Baronet of England . . 1611
I. P. EARL of SEFTo N . 1771
Viscount Molyneux of Mary-
borough . 1628
Bn. Sept. 18th . . . . . . 1772
Suc. his father, as 2d Earl, Jan. 31st 1795
Mar. Maria-Margaret, 2d dr. of
William, 6th Baron Craven,
Jan. 1 . . . . . . . . 1792
H. Ap. Charles-William, Piscount
Molyneur, born July 10th . . 1796
To. Res. 21, Arlington-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Sc. Croxteth Hall, near Liverpool,
Lancashire; and Stoke Farm, near
Windsor.
Rel. Fa.-in-law to Charles-Pascoe Gren-
fell, Esq.; cousin to Baron Foley:
the Countess is aunt to Earl Craven.
His Lordship represented DROIT-
WICH for many years, in the Commons'
House of Parliament.
28. SEGRAVE, (1st) Baron,
of Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire,
Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. William-Fitzharding Berkeley.
Offi. Col. of the South Gloucestershire
Militia.
Bn. Dec. 26th . . . .
To. Res. 6, Spring Gardens.
Co. Se. Berkeley Castle, Gloucestershire.
Rel, Illeg, bro. to Earl Berkeley.

. 1786
SELKIRK, Earl of,
5.
S.P. . . . . . . Y. of C, 1646
6 A
TEMP
WENL
( 914 )
A Representative Peer of Scotland,
elected June 3d . . . . 1831
N. & S. Dunbar-James Douglas.
O. T. S.P. Baron Daer and Short-
cleugh . . . . . . . . 1746
Bn. April 22d . . . . . . 1809
Suc. his father, as 6th Earl, April
8th . . . . . . . . . 1820
Hs. Pres. His Lordship's sister, Isabella-
Helen, born Jan. 8th . . . 1811
Co. Se. St. Mary's Isle, Kirkcudbright.
29. TEMPLEMORE, (1st) Baron,
of T. Donegalshire, U.K. Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. Arthur Chichester.
Offi. A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
Military Secretary to the Commander
of the Forces in Ireland.
Bn. Jan. 8th . . . . . . . 1797
Mar. Augusta, 4th dr. of the Mar-
quess of Anglesey, July 27th . 1820
H. Ap. The Hon. Henry-Spencer,
born June 14th . . . . . 1821
To. Res. 38, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Dunbrody Park, Wexfordshire;
and Coolhurst, Sussex.
Rel. Nephew to the Marquess of Donegal;
and to the Earl of Galloway, S. P.
(Baron Stewart of Garlies, U.K.):
son-in-law to the Marquess of An-
glesey.
His Lordship was lately M.P. for the
county of Wexford.
26. WENLOCK, (1st) Baron,
of W., Shropshire . . Y. of C. 1831
N. & S. Robert Lawley.
O. T. A Baronet . . . . . 1641
Mar. Maria, dr. of the late Joseph
Denison, Esq. in Sept. . . . . 1793
To. Res. 8, Carlton-terrace.
Co. Se. Spoonhill, Shropshire; and
Cranwell, Staffordshire.
Rel. Brother-in-law to the Marchioness
Conyngham: the Baroness is aunt to
John-Evelyn Denison, Esq., M.P. for
Nottinghamshire (who is son-in-law
of the Duke of Portland).
Previously to his Lordship's elevation,
he represented the county of War-
wick, in the Lower House of Parlia-
ment.

3. WESTMINSTER, (1st) Mar-
quess of, Co. Middlesex Y. of C. 1831
(For further particulars, see GROSVE-
Nº. Earl, pages 12 and 184. No.
16.

CHANGES
WHICH HAVE RECENTLY TAKEN PLACE
IN THE
COMMONS' HOUSE OF PARLIAMENT.
ABIN
ABINGDON, Borough of,
VAcANT by the Bankruptcy of John
MABERLY, Esq.”
ARMAGH, Borough of,
SIR. John-WILLIAM-HEAD
BRYDGEs, Bart.
Elected in the room of Viscount In-
gestrie, who accepted the Steward-
ship of the Chiltern Hundreds.-
(See Cole RAINE.)
AYRSHIRE.
WAcANT by MR. KENNEDY's accept-
ance of the Clerkship of the Ordnance.
CAMBRIDGESHIRE.
R. G. Town LEY, Esq.
Elected in the room of Lord Francis-
Godolphin Osborne, who accepted
the Stewardship of the Chiltern
Hundreds.
CARMARTHEN, Borough of,
John Jon Es, Esq.
Elected ;-there having been no return
previously.
DERB
DERBYSHIRE.
WILLIAM CAvendish, Esq.
Elected in the room of Lord George-
Augustus-Henry Cavendish, who
has been elevated to the Peerage,
as Earl of Burlington.—(See MAL-
Ton ; also p. 307, CAMBRIDGE
UNIVERs1TY.)
DORCHESTER, Borough of,
THE Hon. A. H. As HLEY Cooper.
Elected in the room of Lord Ashley,
who accepted the Stewardship of the
Chiltern Hundreds.
DORSET'SHIRE.
Lond AshLEY.
Elected in the room of the Right
Hon. John Calcraft, deceased.—
(See DoRCHESTER ; also page
3.18.)
DROGHEDA, Borough of,
THoMAs WALLACE, Esq.
Elected in the room of John-H.
North, Esq. deceased.
* A Member of Parliament being declared bankrupt, is free from arrest for
twelve months from the issue of the fiat.
If, at the expiration of that time, 20s. in
the pound be not paid to the creditors, his privilege ceases.—He is at the same
time excluded from sitting and voting in Parliament; unless within the twelve
months the Commission be superseded and the creditors paid in full.—(See page
454,--BANK RUPT's.)
DUBL
HIGH
( 916 )
DUBLIN CITY.
Viscount INGESTRIE,
(See ARMAGH, and page 337), and
FREDERick SHAw, Esq.
Offi. Recorder of Dublin.
Elected in the room of Sir Robert
Harty, Bart., and Louis Perrin,
Esq., who were ousted on account of
notorious bribery and corruption.
DUNWICH, Borough of,
THE RT. HoN.Visco UNT Low THER.
Elected in the room of the Earl of
Brecknock, who accepted the Stew-
ardship of the Chiltern Hundreds.
—(See page 419.)
ENNIS, Borough of,
VACANT.-The Rt. Hon. W. F. V.
Fitzgerald having succeeded his mother
as Baron Fitzgerald and Vesey.
FLINT, &c., Boroughs of,
SIR STEPHEN Rich ARD GLYNN E-
Bart., in the room of Henry Glynne,
Esq., who was elected in the room of
Sir Edward-Price-Lloyd, Bart., who
had been elevated to the Peerage as
Baron Mostyn; but Mr. Glynne has
since vacated his seat by accepting the
Stewardship of the Chiltern Hundreds.
FORFARSHIRE,
G. D. HAL LIBUR Ton, Esq.
Elected in the room of the Hon.
William-Ramsay Maule, who has
been elevated to the Peerage as
Baron Panmure.
THE Hon. Don ALD OGILv1E, bro.
of the Earl of Airlie, S.P., had been
returned by the Sheriff; a Committee
of the House has just decided, how-
ever, that he was not duly elected;
but that Mr. Halliburton was:–they
declare, at the same time, that neither
the petition nor the opposition was
frivolous or vexatious.
GRIMSBY, GREAT, Borough of,
THE Hon. HENRY FitzRoy.
Rel. Bro. and heir pres, to Baron
Southampton, and
LoRD Lou GHBorough.-(See DY-
sART, &c., page 325.)
Elected in the room of George Harris,
Esq., and John-Williers Shelley,
Esq., whose election was declared
void by a Committee of the House.
HIGHAM FERRERS, Borough of,
THE Hon. John G. B. Ponson BY.
Rel. Nephew to Earl Fitzwilliam :
cousin to Viscounts Milton and
Althorp. (See BLET chrNGLEY.)
Elected in the room of Charles Chris-
topher Pepys, Esq., Solicitor-Ge-
neral to the Queen.
LEOMINSTER, Borough of,
THE RT.Hon. BARon HotHAM, I.P.
Elected in the room of Thomas Brayne,
Esq., who accepted the Stewardship
of the Chiltern Hundreds.-(See
page 347.)
LIVERPOOL, Borough of,
VIsco UNT SANDoN.
Elected in the room of John Evelyn
Denison, Esq., who made his elec-
tion for Nottinghamshire.—(See p.
408,-TIVERT on.)
LOUTHSHIRE.
SIR PATRIck BELLEw, Knt.
Offi. Lord Lieutenant of Louthshire.
Elected in the room of Alexander
Dawson, Esq., deceased.
This gentleman is a CATHolic.
MALTON, Borough of,
CHARLEs CHRIs Top HER PEPys, Esq.
Elected in the room of William Ca-
vendish, Esq., who accepted the
Stewardship of the Chiltern Hun-
dreds.-(See High AM-FERRERs.)
MEATHSHIRE.
HENRY GRATTAN, Esq.
Elected in the room of Sir Marcus
Somerville, Bart., deceased.
NEW ROSS, Borough of Ireland.
WILLIAM WIGRAM, Esq.
Elected in the room of Charles Totten-
ham, Esq.-(See p. 420.)
PEEBLESHIRE.
SIR John HAY, Bart.
(Elected in the room of Sir George
Montgomery, Bart., deceased.)
Co. Se. Smithfield and Haystoun,
Peebleshire,
POOL
TREG
( 917 )
POOLE, Borough and County of,
SIR John BYNG, Bart.
Late Com-in-Chief of the Forces in
Ireland.
Elected in the room of The Hon. Wm.
Francis-Spencer Ponsonby.
REIGATE, Borough of,
CHARLEs PHILIP Yon KE, Esq.
Elected in the room of The Hon. Sir
Joseph Sydney Yorke, K.C.B., de-
ceased.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
One of the Tellers of the Erchequer.
To. Res. New Burlington-street.
Rel. Bro. to the other member for
Reigate.
SUTHERLANDSHIRE.
Ropertick MACLEop, Esq.
Elected in the room of Sir Hugh
Innes, Bart., deceased.
Co. Se. Cadboll, Ross-shire.
TAVISTOCK, Borough of
FRANcis RUsse L.L., Esq.
Elected in the room of Lord William
Russell, who accepted the Steward-
ship of the Chiltern Hundreds.
Offi. A Colonel in the Army.
Rel. Eldest son of Lord William
Russell, and nephew to the Duke
of Bedford.
TEWKESBURY, Borough of,
WAcANT by the death of John Martin,
Esq.
TREGONY, Borough of,
JAMEs ADAM GoRDoN, Esq.
Elected in the room of Lieut. Col.
Charles-George-James Arbuthnot,
who accepted the Stewardship of the
Manor of East Hendred, in the
county of Berks.
WALLINGFORD, Borough of,
THoMAS-CHARLEs LEIGH, Esq.
Elected in the room of William-
Lewis Hughes, Esq., who has been
elevated to the Peerage as Baron
Dimorben.
WARWICKSHIRE.
Elected in the room of Francis Lawley,
Esq., who has been elevated to the
Peerage as Baron Wenlock.
WESTMINSTER, City of,
THE R.T. Hon. SIR John CAM Hob-
House, Bart.
Re-elected, after having vacated his
seat by accepting the office of
Secretary at War.
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
WEXEORDSHIRE.
RoBERT-SHAPLAND CAREw, Esq.
Elected in the room of Arthur Chi-
chester, Esq., who has been elevated
to the Peerage as Baron Temple-
more.
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Weafordshire.
Res. Castle Borough, Wexfordshire.
AID DEN DA ET
CORRIG ENDA.
*** Various changes which have taken place, by promotions, resignations, and
deaths, since the printing of this work was commenced, render the following emend-
ations necessary, to complete the Author's original intention of presenting the public
with as full information on each subject as it was possible to obtain.—The reader
may easily, with his pen, transfer the same to their proper pages; and, by occa-
sionally noting farther changes as they occur, it will be in his power to render this
volume a work of Parliamentary reference, for many years to come.

Page 8.—After No. 47, insert
48*, I.R.P. His Lordship, the Most
Noble George-Thomas-John, MAR-
QUEss of WESTMEATH, cre. in
1822. Eod. Reg. aged 46.
Page 11, No. 94, for “George, Earl
of Ashburnham, aged 69,” read Ber-
tram, Earl of Ashburnham, aged 33.
Expunge No. 101,–(The title
being extinct).
Page 12–Earpunge No. 116.-(See
MARQUEss of WEST MINSTER in
Appendix.)
No. 117, for “aged 75,” read
aged 72.
— No. 121, for “Algernon, Earl of
Beverley, aged 80,” read
George, Earl of Beverley,
aged 52.
Page 13, No. 138, for “Francis, Earl
of Bandon, aged 74,” read
James, Earl of Bandon, aged 45.
Page 14, No. 158, for “Henry, Earl
of Mulgrave, aged 75,” read
Constantine-Henry, &c. aged 35.
Page 18, No. 182, for “aged 62,” read
aged 18.
Page 19, Erpunge Nos. 184, 189, and
193—(See Earls of Camperdown and
Lichfield in Appendix, &c., also No.
53. Earl of Devon, page 9.)
to No. 186, add I.R.P.
No. 187, for “John-Thomas, Vis-
count Sydney, aged 66,” read
John-Robert, &c. aged 25.
Page 20, ea punge Nos. 207 and 208.
Page 27, No. 278, for “Right Hon.
George,” &c. read Right Hon. and
Rev. Thomas, Baron Walsingham.
Page 28, No. 305, for “Right Hon.
Baron Stewart,” read
The Rt. Hon. George, Baron Stewart.
Page 30, expunge Nos. 344 and 345–
(See Marquesses of Ailsa, and Bread-
albane in Appendix.)
Page 32, after No. 389, supply
390*. His Lordship, the Right Hon.
Archibald–John, BARoN Rosſ. BERY,
cre. Jan. 17, 1828. Eod. Reg., aged 46.
Page 33, after No. 394, insert
395. His Lordship, the Right Hon.
Henry, BARoN BRough AMI and
VAUx*, Nov. 22, 1830. Gullielmo
Quarto Regnante, aged 52.

— Also transfer the note, page 32 (on
“Lord Chancellor”) to page 33.
Page 37, insert Mary-Francis-Elizabeth,
Baroness le De Spencer, cre. June 3,
1269, aged 10, instead of “Charlotte,
Baroness de Ros,” &c.

Page 142, to ALBEMARLE, Earl of, add,
Offi. A Privy Councillor.
Rel. His Lordship's 2d son, the Hon.
George-Thomas, is son-in-law to
Sir Coutts Trotter, Bart.
Read last sentence of first note to
same page as follows:—There being
a LoRD LIEUT. GENERAL over all
Ireland, the office of Lord Lieutenant,
in the counties of that Kingdom, was,
until lately, executed by one or more
Governors.
N.B. This applies to several per-
sons who were until lately only joint
ADDENDA ET
CORRIGENDA. 919
Governors of Irish counties, but who
are now Lords Lieutenant, as in Eng-
land.
Page 144, ARBUTHNot, Wiscount,
line 4,-for “Elected Sept. 2, 1830,”
read June 3, 1831.
N. B. This correction applies to
all the other Representative Peers of
Scotland.
— ARUNDEL, Baron, supply,–born
3d Nov., 1785.
Page 145, AUCKLAND, Baron, add—
Rel. His Lordship is cousin to Baroness
Brougham and Vaux.
His brother is chaplain to the King.
Page 146, BANGoR, Bishop of.-add—
His Lordship is Rector of Kirkby-
Whiske, Yorkshire.
Page 148, BEAUFoRT, Duke of, to
parl, pat. add—one for Monmouth-
shire, and one for Gloucestershire.
Page 155, CALEDoN, Earl of.-add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Tyroneshire.
CALTHoRPE, Baron,-toparl. pat.
add, and one member for Hindon.
Page 157, CARLETon, Baron,-add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Corkshire.
Page 161,–expunge the three first lines
at the top.
Page 162, Cr,ANBRAssIL, Baron, read
late Auditor General of the Ex-
chequer, and late Lord of the King's
Bedchamber.
Page 164, CoNYNGHAM, Marquess,
for “brother to Sir F. N. B. Conyng-
ham, G.C.B.,” &c., read
Bro. to the late Sir F. N., &c.
Page 167, DALHoustE, Baron,-add—
Offi. Governor of the Royal Bank of
Scotland.
His Lordship is at present in India as
Commander-in-Chief of the Forces.
Page 175,-eapunge the three first lines
and insert,-daughter of HIs MA-
JESTY: niece to all the Princes, and
Princesses, of the Royal Family:
sister to the Earl of Munster, and to
Viscountess Falkland.
—— ExETER, Bishop of -add—
Offi. A Prebendary of Durham.
Page 177; Fish ERwick, Baron of, add
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Donegalshire.
Page 178, FITzGIBBox, Baron (Earl
of Clare, I.P.)—add—
Offi. Governor, &c. of Bombay.
— Fol EY, Baron, add—
Offi. Captain of the Hon. Band of
Gentlemen Pensioners.
Rel. Father to the Hon. Thomas-
Henry Foley, M.P. for Worcester-
shire: cousin to Sir Thomas Foley,
G.C.B., Rear Adm. of the United
Kingdom.
— For BEs, Baron.—Erpunge
“Lord Com. to the General Assembly
of the Church of Scotland,” and
transfer note on the same subject to
“Baron KILMARNock,” in the
Appendia.
Page 180, GLoucest ER, Bishop of,
N. & S. Instead of “Christopher
Bethel,” insert John Henry Monck.
Offi. A Prebendary of Westminster.
Page 181, Gosfoºp, Earl of.-add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Armaghshire.
A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Page 184, GREY, Earl,
Rel. For “Richard, Lord Bishop of
Killaloe and Kilfenora,” read
Richard, Lord Bishop of Derry.
— GREY DE RUTHYN, Baroness,
add—
Mar. the Most Noble George-Au-
gustus-Francis-Rawdon, Marquess
of Hastings, Aug. 1, 1831.
Page 185, GUILFoRD, Earl of -add-
Offi. A Prebendary of Winchester.
Page 186, HAREwood, Earl of, add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of
the West Riding of Porkshire.
HARRING Ton, Earl of,-add—
Mar. Miss Maria Foote, of Covent-
Garden Theatre, April 7, 1831.
H. Ap. A son, born Feb. . . 1831
Page 187, HASTINGs, Marquess of,-
add—
Offi. A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Mar. the Rt. Hon. Barbara, Baroness
Grey de Ruthyn, Aug. 1, 1831.
Page 189, HILLs Boro UGH, Earl of,
add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Downshire.
920 ADDENDA ET
CORRIGENDA.
Page 191, HUTch INson, Viscount,<-
add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Tipperaryshire.
Rel. His Lordship's nephew and heir
pres. J. H. Hutchinson, Esq., is
M.P. for Tipperaryshire.
Page 192, JERsey, Earl of, add—
Rel. Uncle to Baroness Templemore:
his Lordship's 2d son, The Hon.
Augustus Williers, is son-in-law to
Baroness Keith.
KER, Baron,-add—
Mar. Cecilia-Chetwynd Talbot, dr. of
Earl Talbot, July 19, 1831.
Page 195, LEEDs, Duke of.-add—
Rel. His Grace's mother, the Duchess
Dowager, is Mistress of the Robes
to the Queen.
— LEINSTER, Viscount (Duke of
Leinster, I.P.)—add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Kildareshire.
A Privy Councillor in Ireland.
— LICHFIELD AND Coven TRY,
Bishop of.-add—
Offi. A Prebendary of the Collegiate
Church of St. Peter, Westminster.
— LILFor D, Baron, add—
Offi. A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Page 196, Loftus, Baron (Marquess
of Ely, I.P.)—add—
The Marchioness is a Lady of the
Queen's Bedchamber.
Page 198, Lorton, Viscount, add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Roscommonshire.
Page 199, MAccLEsfīELD, Earl of,-
read—
Late Captain of the Yeomen of the
King's Guard.
Late Pres. of the Board of Agriculture.
Page 200, MANCHESTER, Duke of.-
- add—Late Post-master General.
Page 202, MAYo, Earl of.-add—
The Countess is a Lady of the Queen's
Bedchamber.
MELBourn E, Baron, add—
Rel. Bro. to Sir F. J. Lamb, who is
now Amb. at the Austrian Court.
Page204, MELv1LLE, Wiscount, add—
Rel. Father to the Hon. J. C. Dundas,
M.P. for Richmond.
Page 205, MonTEAGLE, Baron,
(Marquess of Sligo, I.P.)—add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Mayoshire.
Rel. Step-son to Baron Stowell.
Page 210, O'NEIL, Earl,—add—
Offi. Vice Admiral of Ulster.
Lord Lieut. of Antrimshire.
Page 211, ORM on DE, Baron, add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Kilkennyshire.
Page 213, Ponson BY, Baron, for
“Richard, Lord Bishop of Killaloe
and Kilfenora,” read
Richard, Lord Bishop of Derry.
Page 215, QUEENSBERRY, Marquess
of-add—
Offi. Lord Chamberlain to the Queen.
A Lord of the King's Bedchamber.
Page 216, Rich Mond, Duke of.-add—
Offi. A Commissioner for affording
assistance to Emigrants.
Page 217, Rivers, Baron, add—
N. & S. George-Pitt Rivers.
His Lordship is a MINort.

Page 218, Row NEY, Earl of.-add—
Rel. Bro.-in-law to Viscount Sydney:
his Lordship's son, Viscount Mar-
sham, mar, the sister of the Duke of
Buccleugh and Queensberry (Earl
of Doncaster, G.B.)

Page 218, Rose BERY, Baron,-add—
Offi. Governor of the British Linen
Company's Bank in Scotland.
Page 219, ST. As APH, Bishop of.-add–
N. & S. The Right Rev. William
Carey, D.D.
Cons. Bishop of Exeter in 1820.
Trans. to St. Asaph in 1830.

Page 220, ST. HELEN's, Baron,
Ea'punge “A Lord of the King's
Bedchamber.”
Page 224, SoMER HILL, Baron,
(Marquess of Clanricarde, I.P.) add
Offi. Captain of the Yeomen of the
King's Guard.
Lord Lieut. of Galwayshire.
Rel. His Lordship's mother is widow
of Sir Joseph-Sydney Yorke, K.C.B.,
late M.P. for Reigate.

Page 225, SouTHAMPT on, Baron, add
His Lordship's bro. and heir pres.,
the Hon. Henry Fitzroy, is M.P.
for Great Grimsby.

ADDENDA ET
CORRIGENDA. 921
Page 226, SPEN CER, Earl,—add—
His Lordship is father to the Hon.
Fred. Spencer (a Capt., R.N.), M.P.
for Worcestershire.—The latter, and
his bro. Lord Althorp, are cousins to
Lord Bingham, &c.
Page 229, STRANGE, Earl,
Eapunge “Lord Lieut.of Perthshire.”
Page 231, SUFFolk and BERKshTHE,
Earl of -add—
His Lordship's son, Wiscount Andover,
mar. Isabella, niece to the Duke of
Norfolk, Sept. 2, 1830.
Page 231, SYDNEY, Wiscount,<-add—
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of
Romney.
Page 232, TALbot, Earl,-add—
Rel. Father-in-law to the Marquess
of Lothian, S.P. (Baron Ker, U.K.)
Page 238, Wicklow, Earl of,-add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Wicklowshire.
Page 240, WINcHESTER, Marquess of,
Rel. Uncle to Joseph Yorke, and to
C. P. Yorke, Esqrs., both M.P.'s
for Reigate.—His Lordship's son,
the Rev. Lord C. Paulett, is bro.-
in-law to J. C. Ramsden, Esq.,
M.P. for Yorkshire.
Page 245, ERRol, Earl of,
Expunge “Representative Peer,” and
insert (Baron Kilmarnock, U.K.)
— CAssiLIs, Earl of,
Expunge “Baron,” and insert
Marquess of Ailsa, U.K.
Page 246, LEven and MELv11.LE,
Earl of.-add—
A Representative Peer.
Page 247, SELKIRK, Earl of -add—
A Representative Peer,
and expunge all other particulars.
North Esk, Earl of
Expunge Representative Peer-add—
N. & S. William-Hopetown Carnegie.
O. T. Baron Rosehill, and Inglis-
maldy.
Co. Se. Ethie House, Forfarshire, and
Rosehill, Hants.
— DUNDoNALD, Earl of -add—
N. & S. Thomas Cochrane.
— BREADALBANE, Earl of, for
“Baron,” read (Marquess of B.,
U.K.)
Page 247, DUNMoRE, Earl of.-
add—(Baron Dunmore, U.K.)
for “ORKNEY, Countess of,
deceased,” read
ORKNEY, Earl of.
Page 248, FALKLAND, Viscount,
add—a Representative Peer.
Page 250, ELIBANK, Baron,
His Lordship is a MINort.
KINNAIRD, Baron,
add—(Baron Rossie, U.K.)
Page 253, MEATH, Earl of,
add—(Baron Chaworth, U.K.)
— FINGALL, Earl of,
add—(Baron Fingall, U.K.)
Page 254, LUDLow, Earl,
add—(Baron Ludlow, U.K.)
Page 255, WINTERT on, Earl of,
N. & S. For “Edward-Garth Tur-
nour,” read Edward-John Turnour.
add—Co. Se. Shillinglee Park, near
Petworth, Sussex; and Beesthorpe-
Hall, Norfolk.
— How TH, Earl of,
N. & S. For “William St. Law-
rance,” read Thomas St. Lawrance.

SEFTon, Earl of,
add—(Baron Sºfton, U.K.)
Lisburn E, Earl of,
N. &. S. For “John Vaughan,”
read Ernest-Augustus Vaughan.
LEITRIM, Earl of,
add—(Baron Clements, U.K.)
KEN MARE, Earl of add-–
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Kerryshire.
Page 259, Norbu Ry, Earl of,
N. & S. For “John Toler,” read
Hector-John-Graham Toler.
Rel. Bro. to the late Baron Norwood.
Eapunge “Offices,” after which insert
182. RANFURLY, Earl of (Baron
Ranfurly, U.K.) Sept. 9, 1831.

— TAAFE, Wiscount,
N. & S. For “Rodolphus,”
read Francis, Taafe.
Page 260, MAss ARENE, Viscount,-
add—
N. & S. John Skeffington.
Page 261, DEVEsci, Viscount, add—
Off. Lord Lieut. of Queen's County.
6 B
922 ADDENDA ET
CORRIGENDA.
".
Page 261, Erpunge “216, Wiscount
Non't HLAND.”
Page 262, HARBERTON, Wiscount,
N. & S. Erpunge Henry Pomeroy,
F.S.A., and insert
Arthur-James Pomeroy,
GUILLAMoRE, Viscount,-add—
Offi. Late Lord Chief Baron of the
Irish Exchequer.
Rel. Father to the Hon. Standish
O'Grady, M.P. for Limerickshire.
Co, Se, Rockbarton, Limerickshire.
Page 265, KINGs ALE, Baron,
for “The Rev. Thomas De Courcy,”
read Stapleton De Courcy.
Page 266, RoREBY, Baron,
N. & S. For “Matthew,”
read Edward Montagu.
Page 267, CLoncURRY, Baron,
add (Baron Cloncurry, U.K.)
WATERPARK, Baron,
N. & S. For “Richard Cavendish,
F.S.A., read
Henry-Manners Cavendish, M.P. for
Knaresborough.
— GRAVEs, Baron,-add—
Offi. Aide-de-camp to the Lord Lieut.
of Ireland.
Page 268, Ross MoRE, Baron, add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Monaghanshire.
— Expunge NorwooD, Baron,
deceased.
Rel, Bro. to the Earl of Norbury.
Page 269, HENLEY, Baron,
N. & S. For “Frederick-Morton
Eden,” read
Robert-Henley Eden.
Evpunge a Privy Councillor, and
insert a Master in Chancery.
add—Rel. Bro.-in-law to Sir Robert
Peel, Bart.
Page 270, GARVAGH, Baron, add—
Offi. Lord Lieut. of Londonderryshire.
Page 271, How DEN, Baron,
add—(Baron Howden, U.K.)
Add the following New Creation—
316. TALbot AND MALAHIDE,
Baroness . . . . . . . 1831
N. & S. Margaret Talbot.
Co. Se, Malahide Castle, Dublinshire.
Rel. Widow of Richard Wogan Talbot,
Esq., late M.P. for the County of
Dublin: mother to Vice Admiral
Sir John Talbot, K.C.B. (who
married Julia, third dr. of James
Everard, 9th Lord Arundel): mo-
in-law to Major-General W. B.
Eustace, C.B.
Page 276, Expunge from INDEx to
Scottish and Irish Peerages, “216.
Northland, V.,” and insert, 182,
Ranfurly, E. of; and 316, Talbot and
Malahide, Baroness;–each under its
proper letter.
Page 278 to 283, from “Surnames of all
the Spiritual and Temporal Lords,”
expunge
Carteret . . . . B. Carteret.
Cornewall . Bp. of Worcester.
Knox . . Bp. of Derry.
Magee . . . . Archbp. of Dublin.
Majendie . Bp. of Bangor.
Ponsonby . . . Bp. of Killaloe, &c.
St. Lawrance . Bp. of Cork & Ross.
Temple-G. Nugent Baron Nugent, I.P.
and insert
E. of Lichfield, vice
Anson . º “Anson.” y
Bamfylde . . Baron Poltimore.
Berkeley . . . B. Segrave.
Cadogan . . . B. Oakley.
Campbell M. of Breadalbane.
Carr }* of Worcester,
* * * * } vice “ Gloucester.”
Cavendish . . E. of Burlington.
Chichester . B. Templemore.
Ellis-Agar . .
Baron Dover.
Fitz-Clarence . E. of Munster.
Gifford . . . B. Gifford.
Grenville-Nugent
Temple . . : B. Nugent.
Grosvenor . . M. Westminster.
E. of C down,
Haldane Duncan ; º º
Hughes . . . B. Dinorben.
Jerningham . . B. Stafford.
Kennedy . . . M. of Ailsa.
Knox . . . . Bp. of Killaloe, &c.
Knox . . . E. of Ranfurly.
Lawley . . B. Wenlock.
Lloyd . . . . B. Mostyn.
Maltby . . . Bp. of Chichester.
Maule . . B. Panmure.
Ponsonby . Bp. of Derry.
Ponsonby . B. Ponsonby.
Saumarez. . . B. De Saumarez.
Talbot . . 5 Bss. Talbot, and
* & Malahide.
B. Carteret.
Abp. of Dublin, &c.
Thynne - -
Whately . . .
ADDENDA ET
CORRIGENDA. 923
Page 284 to 286, from “Courtesy Titles
of the Junior Nobility,”—ewpunge–
Belgrave, V. . E. Grosvenor.
Tullibardine, M.of. D. of Athol, S.P.
and insert
. M. of Ailsa.
. E. of Lichfield.
E. of Meath.
E. of Burlington.
E. of Enniskillen.
E. of Camperdown.
Fitzclarence, V. . E. of Munster.
Grosvenor, E. . . M. of Westminster.
Northland, V. . E. of Ranfurly.
Ormelie, E. of . M. of Breadalbane.
Page 288, add to the “Abbreviations:”
Mem. . Member.
M.P. . Member of Parliament.
R.I.P. . Representative Irish Peer.
Page 300, BLETch INGLY,-expunge
“Clerk of the Ordnance.”
Page 506, AYR, &c.—add—
T. F. Kennedy, Esq., Clerk of the
Ordnance.
Page 508, BLET ching Ly:—Thomas-
Hyde Williers, Esq.,-add—
Secretary to the Commissioners of the
India Board.
Page 509, CALNE:—Charles-Richard
Fox, Esq., add—
Equerry in Ordinary to the King.
Page 510, CARNARvo.N., &c.:—the Hon.
Sir Charles Paget, K.C.B.,-add—
A Groom of the King's Bedchamber.
—CHEstER:—The Hon., now Lord,
Robert Grosvenor, is Comptroller of
the King’s Household.
CLAREsh IRE :—W. N. Macna-
mara, Esq.,-is a Major in the Army.
Ailsa, L.
Anson, V. .
Brabazon, L. . .
Cavendish, L. . .
Cole, V. . . .
Duncan, V. -
Page 511, CoLERAINE :-W. T. Cope-
land, Esq.,-is an Alderman of the
City of London.
Page 512, DERBy:—H. F. C. Caven-
dish, Esq., is an Equerry Extra-
ordinary to the King.
Page 513, ENNIs:—The Right Hon.
W. F. V. Fitzgerald (now Baron Fitz-
gerald and Vesey), is Lord Lieut. of
Clareshire.
Page 515, GUILDFord:—C. F. Norton,
Esq., is bro, to Baron Grantley: son-
in-law to Sir Colin Campbell, K.C.B.,
Lieut. Gov. of Portsmouth.
Page 515, HAMPSHIRE :-Sir James
Macdonald, Bart., is a Commissioner
of the India Board.
Page 516, ILCHESTER : —Stephen
Lushington, Esq.,-is Judge of the
Consistory Court.
Page 517, KING's County:—Lord
Oxmantown—is Lord Lieut. of the
County which he represents.
Page 518, LIMERICKSHIRE : — The
Hon. R. H. Fitzgibbon—is also Lord
Lieut. of this County.
— LIN colnshi RE:—The Hon. C.
A. W. Pelham,_is son-in-law to Vis-
count Hawarden, I.P.
Page 523, PLYMP Ton - EARLE:—
Gibbs Crawford Antrobus, Esq., -is
bro.-in-law to Baron Crofton, I.P.
Page 528, TIPPERARYsh IRE:—J. H.
Hutchinson, Esq.-is a Captain in
the Army, and nephew to the Earl of
Donoughmore.
Page 846, to “I. H. Ley, Esq., Chief
Clerk of the House of Commons,”—
add—
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess of
Tweeddale.
Page 847, for “the Rev. F. V. Lock-
wood, Chaplain to the House of Com-
mons,” read
The Rev. Edward Repton, M.A.
Page 859, (PRIvy Counc11.) insert
The Hon. Sir THoMAs ERSKINE,
Chief Judge of the Bankruptcy Court.
Page 860, for “Fitzgerald, the Hon.
W. F. Vesey,” read
Baron FITzGERALD AND VESEY.
Insert SIR WILLIAM GARRow,
Knt., late a Baron of the Exchequer.
Page 876, The Rt. Hon. CHARLEs M.
SUT Ton, add—
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Bishop of
Carlisle.
Page 877, after “TEIGN MoUTH, Ba-
rom,” supply
TENNyson, Charles, Feb. 7, 1832.
—(See page 300.)
Page 882, JAMEs FITzGERALD,-add-
Rel, Fa, to Baron Fitzgerald and Vesey.
— for “W. F. V. Fitzgerald,” read
Baron Fitzgerald and Vesey.
924 ADDENDA ET
CORRIGENDA.
Page 888, for “Sir E. H. Alderson,
Kt.,” read
Sir John Gurney, Kt.,-and for
“Sir W. Garrow, Kt.,” read
Sir Edward H. Alderson, Kt.
Page 893, Austria.—to the Rt. Hon.
F. R. Forbes, add—
Rel, Son of the Earl of Granard, I.P.
Page 896, WIRTEMBURG, for “Charles
H. Hall, Esq.,” read
The Hon. H. R. Wellesley.
Rel. Eld. son of Baron Cowley: neph.
to the Duke of Wellington; to the
Marquess Wellesley; and to Baron
Maryborough: cous. to the Mar-
quess of Douro, M.P. for Alde-
burgh; and to the Hon. W. T.
Wellesley Long Pole, M. P. for
Essex.
Page 902, ST. LucIA, Maj. Gen. I. A.
Farquharson, vice Maj. Gen. Mackie,
deceased.
Page 910, CLoNcuBRY, Baron, for
“Sir F. N. Burton, G.C.B. (who is,
&c.)” read
The late Hon. Sir F. N. Burton,
G.C.B. (who was, &c.)
— DE SAUMAREZ, Baron,-add—
Offi. General-in-Chief of the Marines.
FIN is.
LONDON:
plar NTED BY THOMAS DAV1son, W H 11 EFRIARs.
PARLIAMENTARY POCKET BOOK
2- Fort
- MDCCCXXXIII:
contal NING
ACCURATE LISTS
or
Qſìje 320 bility),
WHO ARE ENTITLED TO SIT AND VOTE IN THE
HOUSE OF PEERS;
of THE
Counties, Cities, Qanibersities, 330roughs, and Cinque 3}orts,
THE FIRST REFORMED PARLIAMENT,
THIRD PARLIAMENT OF KING WILLIAM IV. :
BIOGRAPHICAL AND OTHER NOTICES
MEMBERS OF THE COMMONS' HOUSE,
ETC. ETC.
THE WHOLE COMPILED FROM of FICIAL sources,
AND
FORMING A SUPPLEMENT
to THE
“ KEY TO BOTH HOUSES OF PARLIAMENT.”
LONDON :
JAMES COCHRANE AND JOHN MCRONE,
11, waterti,00-PLACE, PALL MALL.
1833.
LONDON:
DAVISON, SIMMONS, AND Co., WHITEFRIARs.
ALPHABETICAL ACCOUNT
OF ALI.
COUNTIES, CITIES, UNIVERSITIES, BOROUGHS,
TOWNS, MANORS, AND CINQUE PORTS,
RE PRES E N T E D IN THE THIRD PAR LIAM E N T OF
WILLIAM IV. ;
which MET ON THE 29th DAY of JANUARy, 1833.
SPEAKER.—The Rt. Hon. CHARLEs MANNERs SUTTON, M.P.
for CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY,
tgº. The Reader will be pleased to observe that all places entitled by cap. 45,
2d William IV., to send Members to the CoMMONs' House of PARLIAMENT,
but which did not before enjoy that privilege, have, in the following account,
an asterisk prefixed to them, thus * :—a similar mark is prefixed to the names of
each representative elected to serve in the present Parliament, who was not
a member of the last, or any previous one.
-
ABER,
ABERDE ENSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Commissioner.
The Hon. WILLIAM GoRD0N.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
To. Res. 15, Saville-street.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Aber-
deen,
* ABERDEEN, City of 1 Com,
ALEXANDER BANNERMAN, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Old Aberdeen.
tº This City was formerly included
in a district with INVERBERVIE and
MonTRose, &c.
ANDO
ABINGDON, Borough of Berks.
1 Burgess,
Pop. 5259; househ. 451.
* Thomas DUFFIELD, Esq.
Co. Se. Marcham Park,
Election Contest.
Duffield . . 157
W. L. Maberly . 43
ANDOVER, Borough of, Hants.
2 Bss,
erkshire,
Pop. 4843; househ. 322.
HENRY - ARTHUR-WALLoP - FEL-
Low Es, Esq. 2d Parl.
Born 1799.
To, Res. 41, Bryanstone-square.
Co. Se. Eggesford, near Chumleigh,
Devonshire.
Rel, Son of the Hon. Newton Fel-
B
ARMA
ATHI,
( 2 )

lowes (heir pres, and brother to
the Earl of Portsmouth), M. P.
for Devonshire.
RALPH ETwALL, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 162, New Bond-street.
Co. Se. Andover, Hants.
ANGLESEY SHIRE, N. Wales.
l Knt.
Pop. 48,325.
Sir RICHARD BULKELEY WILLIAMs
BULKELEY, Bart. 2d Parl.
Born 1801.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Baron Hill, in the County
of Anglesey, and Penrhyn, Co.
Caernarvon.
Rel, Son-in-law of Lord Dinorben.
ANTRIMSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kmts.
The Hon. John BRUCE Rich ARD
O'NEIL. 8th Parl.
Born 1780. -
A Land Owner.
Off. A Major General; Constable
of Dublin Castle.
To. Res. 17, Prince's-street, Hano-
ver-square.
Co. Se. Tullamore Lodge, Antrim-
shire.
Rel. Brother to Earl O’Neil.
Right Hon. the EARL of BELFAST.
6th Parl.
Born 1797.
N.S.S. Geo. Hamilton Chichester.
Off. Vice Chamberlainto the Queen;
a Privy Councillor.
To. Res. 23, Arlington-street.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess of
Donegal; bro.-in-law to the Earl
of Glengall.
AR GYLESHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
* JAMEs HENRY CALLANDER, Esq.
Co. Se. Ardkinglass, same County.
ARMAG HSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kmts.
Viscount AcHEson.
Born 1806.
N. & S. Archibald Acheson,
Co. Se. Gosford Castle, same Co.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Gosford.
* WILLIAM VERNER, Esq.
Off. A Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Church-hill, same County.
ARMAGH, Borough of, Ireland.
I Bs.
* LEONARD Dobbin, the elder, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker in the town of
Armagh.
ARUNDEL, Borough of County
of Sussea. 1 Bs.
Pop. 2803; househ. 380.
LoRD DUDLEY Coutts STUART.
3d Parl.
Mar, a daughter of Lucien Buona-
parte, Prince of Canino.
To. Res. 16, Wilson-crescent.
Rel. Bro. to the Marquess of Bute.
ASHBURTON, Borough of De-
vonshire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 4165; househ. 342.
WILLIAM STEPHEN Poyntz, Esq.
3d Park.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 23, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Cowdray Park, Petworth,
Sussex; and Midgham House,
Newbury, Berks.
Rel. Father-in-law to the Marquess
of Exeter, and to Baron Clinton.
* ASHTON-UNDER-LINE,
Lancashire. 1 Bs.

"Pop. 14,673; househ. 610.
Returning Off. The Mayor.
* GEORGE WILLIAMs, Esq.
Off: A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
Co. Se. Little Woolton, County of
Lancaster.
Election Contest.
Williams 176
Hindley 156
Helps - . 44
ATHLONE, Borough of West-
meathshire, Ireland. I B.S.
* JAMEs TALBot, Esq., Jun.
BAND
BEAU
( 3 )
AYLESBURY, Borough of Bucks.
2
Bss.
Pop. 4907; househ. 1150.
WILLIAM RICKFoRD, Esq.
6th Parl.
Occ. A Banker at Aylesbury.
To. Res. 19, New-street, Spring-
gardens.
HENRY HANMER, Esq. 2d Parl.
Off: A Lieut.-Colonel of the Royal
Horse-Guards.
To. Res. 7, Devonshire-place, Port-
land-place.
Election Contest.
Rickford 1076
Hanmer . . 657
J. B. Hobhouse 602
AYRSHIRE, Scotland. 1 Com.
* RICHARD ALExANDER Oswald,
SOI.
Co. Se. Auchencruive, Ayrshire.
AYR, IRVINE, CAMPBEL-
TOWN, INVERARYand OB.A.N.
A District of Scottish Boroughs.
1 Com.
THoMAs FRANCIs KENNEDY, Esq.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. One of the Lords of the Trea-
sury.
To. Res. 9, Chesterfield-street, May-
fair.
Co. Se. Dunure, and Dalquharran,
Castles, Ayrshire.
BANBURY, Borough of Or-
fordshire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 5906; househ. 365.
* HENRY WILLIAM TANCRED, Esq.
Prof. A King's Counsellor.
BANDON-BRIDGE, Borough
of, Corkshire, Ireland. 1 Bs.
* The Hon. WILLIAM SMyTH
BERNARD.
Born 1792.
Co. Se. The Farm, near Bandon-
bridge.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Ban-
don, I. P.
BANFFSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
* GEORGE FERGUsoN, Esq. .
Off. A Captain, Royal Navy.
To. Res. 37, Charles-street, Berke-
ley-square.
Co. Se. Pitfour, near Mintlaw,
Aberdeenshire.
BARNSTAPLE, Borough of,
Devonshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 6840; househ. 607.
John-PALMER-BRUCECHICHESTER,
Esq. 2d Parl.
* CHARLEs St. John FANcourt,
Esq.
Off. A Major in the Army.
To. Res. 1, Old Palace-yard.
Contested Election.
Chichester 519
Fancourt 349
Northmore 226
Lord G. Hervey 126
BATH, City of Somersetshire.
2 Cits.
Pop. 38,063; househ. 7314.
CHARLEs PALMER, Esq. 7th Parl.
Off: A Major-General in the
Army.
To. Res. Cocoa Tree Club House,
64, St. James's-street.
* John ARTHUR Roebuck, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister at Law, and
author of several literary works.
To. Res. 15, Gray's Inn-square.
Contested Election.
Palmer 25.15
Roebuck 2001
H. W. Hobhouse 1848
BEAUMARIS, AMLWCH,
HOLY HEAD, and LANGEFUI.
A District of Boroughs in Anglesey-
shire, N. Wales. 1 Bs.
Pop. 18,817; househ. 312.

* FREDERIck PAGET, Esq.
Off. One of his Majesty's pages.
Co. Se. Plasnewydd, Co. of An-
glesey.
Rel. Nephew to the Marquess of
Anglesey; son of the Hon. B.
Paget, Commissioner of Excise,
B 2
BELF
BERW
( 4 )
BED FORD SHIRE. 2 Knts.
Pop. 95,383.
WILLIAM STUART, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 18, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Tempsford Hall, St. Neots,
Bedfordshire.
* Lord CHARLEs JAMEs Fox RUS-
SELL.
Born 1807.
Rel. Second son of the Duke of
Bedford, by Georgiana, daught.
of the fourth Duke of Gordon.
Contested Election.
Russell 1937
Stuart . 1871
Sir P. Payne . 1675
BEDFORD, Borough of, Bed-
fordshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 6959; househ. 493.
WILLIAM HENRY WHITBREAD,
Esq. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. An eminent Brewer in Lond.
To. Res. 99, Eaton-square.
Co. Se. Southill, near Biggleswade,
Bedfordsh., and Purfleet, Essex.
Rel, Nephew to Earl Grey; Cousin
to Viscount Howick, M. P. for
Northumberland.
* SAMUEL CRAwlEY, Esq.
Contested Election.
Whitbread - 599
Crawley - 487
Captain Polhill 483
BELFAST, Borough of Antrim-
shire, Ireland. 2 Bss.
* Lord ARTHUR CHICHESTER.
8th Parl.
Born 1808.
Prof. An Officer in the Army.
Co. Se, Ormeau, Co. Down.
Rel. Third son of the Marquess of
Donegal.
* JAMEs EMERson TENNANT, Esq.
Author of “ The History of Mo-
dern Greece,” &c.
Co., Se, The Lodge, County of
Antrim.
BERRSHIRE. 3 Knts.
Population, 145,289.
Robert PALMER, Esq. 5th Parl.
Born 1793.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 6, Charles-st., Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Holme Park, Berks.
RoBERT GEORGE THRockMoRTON,
SQ- 2d Parl.
To. Res. 71, Pall-mall.
Co. Se. Buckland House, Far-
ringdon, Berks,
Rel. Nephew and heir to Sir John
Throckmorton, Bart.

* JoHN WALTER, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. Proprietor of “ The Times”
newspaper.
Co. Se. Bear Wood, Berkshire.
Contested Election.
Palmer - 2.942
Throckmorton 2774
Walter 2479
Pusey 2402
BERWICKSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
* CHARLEs MAJoRIBANKs, Esq.
To. Res. 3, Upper Wimpole-street.
Res. Lees, Berwickshire,
BERWICK - UPON - TWEEI),
Borough of. 2 Bss.
Pop. 8920; househ. 582.
* Sir RUFANE SHAw DoNKIN,
K.C. B. F. R.S.
Offi. A Lieut.-Gen. in the Army.
To. Res. 33, Park-street, Gros-
venor-square.
Sir FRANCIs BLAKE, Bart.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Tilmouth Park, Co. Dur-
ham.
Contested Election.
Donkin - 371
Blake - 3.57
Col. Beresford 345
BLAC (
) BOLT
BEVERLEY, Borough of, York-
shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 8302; househ. 507.
* The Hon. CHARLEs LANGDALE.
Rel. Brother to Lord Stourton, but
assumed the surname of Lang-
dale in compliance with the will
of Philip Langdale, Esq., of
Houghton, Co. of York.
HENRY Burton, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 1, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Hotham Hall, Market
Weighton, Yorkshire.
Contested Election.
Langdale - 516
Burton - 490
C. Wynn - 464
BEWDLEY, Borough of Wor-
cestershire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 7384; househ. 484.
Sir Thomas Edward WINNINGTON,
Bart. 2d Parl.
Jºorn 1792.
A Land Owner.
Mar. 1810, Isabella, daughter of
John Taylor, Esq., of Moseley
Hall, Co. of Worcester.
Co. Se. Stanford Court, Worces-
tershire.
* BIRMINGHAM, Borough of,
Warwickshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 146,986.
* Thomas ATTwood, Esq.
Occ. A Manufacturer and Banker.
Res. Birmingham.
* Joshua ScholeFIELD, Esq.
Occ. A Manufacturer.
Res. Birmingham.
Ret. Offi. The two Resid. Bailiffs.
* BLACKBURN, Borough of,
Lancashire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 27,091; househ. 623.
* WILLIAM FIELDEN, Esq.
Occ. A Manufacturer.
Res. Blackburn.
Co. Se. Feinscowles, Lancashire.
Rel. Brother to John Fielden, Esq.
M. P. for the new Borough of
Oldham.
* WILLIAM TURNER, Esq.
Occ. A Manufacturer.
Res. Blackburn.
Co. Se. Mill Hill, County of Lan-
caster.
Election Contest.
Fielden - 376
Turner - 346
Dr. John Bowring 334
BODMIN, Borough of, Duchy
of Cornwall. 2 Bss.
Pop. 5228; househ. 311.
* WILLIAM PETER, Esq.
Porn 1785.
Mar. 1809, Frances, only daughter
and heiress of John Thomas, Esq.
of Chiverton, Co. Cornwall.
Mr. Peter has been, for many years,
a Deputy-Warden and Lieut.
and one of the Chairmen of the
Quarter Sessions of the County
of Cornwall.
Co. Seats. Harlyn, near Padstow,
and Chiverton, near Truro, Co.
of Cornwall.
* SAMUEL THoMAs SPRY, Esq.
To. Res. 13, North Audley-street.
Co. Se. Tregolls, same County.
Contested Election.
Peter - . 171
Spry - . 114
Vyvyan ... 106
* BOLTON, Borough of Lan-
cashire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 43,396; househ. 1612.
Ret. Offi. The Boroughreeves of
Great and Little Bolton.
RoßERT TortAGNs, Esq. 2d Parl.
Off. Lieut.-Colonel in the Royal
Marines.
Co. Se. Stone House, County of
Devon.
* WILLIAM BoII.INg, Esq.
Occ. A Manufacturer in Bolton.
Contested Election.
Torrens - . 607
Bolling - . 482
J. A. Yates . 478
Eagle - ... 104
B 3
BREC
BRIG
( 6 )
BOSTON, Borough of Lincoln-
shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 12,818; househ. 1000.
John WILRs, Esq. 3d Parl.
Prof. A Solicitor. -
To. Res. 3, Finsbury-square.
* BENJAMIN HANDLEY, Esq.
Off. A Major in the Army.
Contested Election.
Wilks 509
Handley . 433
Brownrigg 352
* BRADFORD, Borough of,
Yorkshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 43,527; househ. 1083.
* E. C. LISTER, Esq.
* J. HARDy, Esq.
Election Contest.
Lister 637
Hardy 494
Bankes 393
BRECKNOCKSHIRE, South
Wales. I Knt.
Population, 47,763.
Thom As Wood, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Off. Colonel of the East Middlesex
Militia.
To. Res. 16, Stratton-street.
Co. Se. Gwernevet, Brecknock-
shire; and Littleton, Staines,
Middlesex.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess
of Londonderry.
BRECON, Borough of, Breck-
mockshire, S. Wales. I Bs.
Pop. 5026; househ. 350.
* John LLoyd WAUGHAN WATKINs,
Esq.
Co. Sc. Pennoyn, Co. of Brecon.
Contested Election.
Watkins - 115
C. M. R. Morgan 109
9th Parl.
BRIDGENORTH, Borough of,
Shropshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 6284; househ, 339.
* Robert Pigot, Esq.
Co. Se. Patshall, Co. Stafford.
THoMAs WHITMore,
Esq.
9th Parl.
A Land Owner. -
Co. Se. Apley Park, Shropshire.
CHARLTON
BRIDGEWATER, Borough of,
Somersetshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 7807; househ. 711.
CHARLEs KEMEy's KEMEYs TyNTE,
Esq., F. S. A. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
%. A Colonel in the Army.
o. Res. 16, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Halsewell House, near
Bridgewater, Somersetsh.; Burn-
hill, Surrey; and Cefn-Mabley,
Glamorganshire.
Rel. Fa. to Charles John Kemeys
Tynte, Esq. M. P. for Somer-
setshire.
Col. Tynte is one of the co-heirs to
the Barony of Wharton.
* WILLIAM TAYLEURE, Esq.
BRIDPORT, Borough of, Dor-
setshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 4242; househ, 342.
HENRY WARBURTON, Esq.
4th Parl.
Occ. A Merchant.
To. Res. 45, Cadogan-place.
* JoHN Romilly, Esq.
Prof. A Chancery Barrister.
Rel. Son of the late Sir Samuel
Romilly.
Election Contest.
Warburton 279
Romilly . 218
W. Astell , 182
* BRIGHT ON, Borough of,
2 Bss
Sussea.
Pop. 41,994; househ. 3009.
* Is AAc NEwroN WIGNEy, Esq.
Occ. A Banker in Brighton.
Res. Brighton.

BUCK
BURY
( 7 )
* GeoRGE FAITH FULL, Esq.
Res. Brighton.
Contested Election.
Wigney . . 826
Faithfull 720
Captain Pechell . 609
John Crawfurd, Esq. 391
Sir A. Dalrymple 32
BRISTOL, City and County of,
Somersetshire, 2 Cits.
Pop. 104,338; househ. 9785.
Sir RICHARD RAwlinson VyvyAN,
Bart. 5th Parl.
Born 1801.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 26, Great George-street,
Westminster.
Co. Se. Trelow.arren, Helston, Co.
Cornwall.
John Evan BAILLIE, Esq.
3d Parl.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 1, Seymour-place, Cur-
ZOn-Street.
Contested Election.
Vyvyan 3697
Baillie - 31.59
Edw. Protheroe 3030
John Williams 2741
BUCKINGHAMSHIRE.
3 Knts.
Pop. 146,529.
MARQUEss of CHANDos.
Born 1797.
N.&S. Richard-Plantagenet-Gren-
ville-Brydges-Nugent-Chandos-
Temple Grenville.
To. Res. 95, Pall-mall.
Co. Se. Wotton House, Bucks.
Rel. Eld, son of the Duke of Bucking-
ham; son-in-law to the Marquess
of Breadalbane.
John SMITH, Esq. 11th Parl.
Occ. A Banker in London of the
firm of Smith, Payne, and Smith.
To. Res. 22, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Wycombe Abbey, Bucks;
and Dale Park, Arundel, Sussex.
Rel. Brother to Lord Carrington.
6th Parl.
* GeoRGE HENRY DAshwood, Esq.
Contested Election.
Chandos 2856
Smith 2402
Dashwood 1646
C. S. Murray 1534
BUCKINGHAM, Borough of,
Bucks. 2 Bss.
Pop. 3610; househ. 225.
* Sir HARRY VERNEy, Bart.
Born 1801.
To. Res. 31, Grosvenor-street.
Rel. Son of the late Lieut.-General
Sir Harry Calvert, but assumed
the surname of Verney in 1827.
Sir THoMAs FRANCIS FREEMANTLE,
Bart. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se, Swanbourne, Bucks.
Rel. Son-in-law of Sir George Nu-
gent, Bart.
Election Contest.
Verney 174
Freemantle . 158
G. Morgan - . 137
* BURY, Borough of Lancashire.
1 Bs.
Pop. 15,086; househ. 765.
* RICHARD WALKER, Esq.
Occ. An eminent Iron-founder in
Bury.
Election Contest.
Walker
E. Grundy
306
153
BURY ST. EDMUNDS, Bo-
rough of Suffolk. 2 Bss.
Pop. 11,436; househ. 719.
LoRD CHARLEs FitzRoy. 5th Parl.
IBorn 1791.
N. & S. Charles Fitzroy.
Mar. Anne, daughter of the Earl
of Burlington.
Qff. A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
o. Res. Burlington House, 49,
Piccadilly.
Rel, 3d son of the Duke of Grafton.
CAMIB
CAMIB
( 8 )
EARL JERMYN. 4th Parl.
Jºorn 1800.
M. & S. Frederick-William Hervey.
Mar. 1830, Catherine-Isabella, 3d
daughter of the Duke of Rutland.
To. Res. 6, St. James's-square.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess of
Bristol.
Contested Election.
Fitzroy . .344
Jermyn - 272
F. Eagle . .238
* BUTES HIRE. 1 Com.
CHARLEs STUART, Esq. 2d Parl.
Off. Captain in the 1st or Grenadier
Regt. of Foot Guards.
To. Res. 2, Middle Scotland-yard.
tº This Shire was formerly united
with Caithness-shire.
* CAITHNESS-SHIRE.
- 1 Com.
GEORGE SINCLAIR, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 62, St. James's-street.
Co. Se. Ulbster, same county.
CALNE, Borough of Wiltshire.
1 Bs.
Pop. 4973; househ. 519.
* The EARL of KERRY.
Zorn 1811.
N. & S. William-Thomas Petty.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess of
Lansdowne.
CAMBRIDGESHIRE AND
ISLE OF ELY. 3 Knts.
Population 143,955.
* CHARLEs PHILIP York E, Esq.
Off. A Captain, Royal Navy.
o. Res. 7, King-street, St. James's.
Rel. Nephew to the Earl of Hard-
wicke; and son of the late Ad-
miral Sir Joseph Yorke.
* RICHARD GREAves Townel Ey,
Esq.
To. Res. Limmer’s Hotel, Conduit-
Street.
* John WALLBANKE CHILDERs,
Esq.
Contested Election.
Yorke . 3693
Towneley. . 3261
Childers . . 2862
H. Adeane 2850
CAMBRIDGE, Boroughof, Cam-
bridgeshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 20,917; househ. 1160.
* GeoRGE PRyME, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister.
Rt. Hon. THoMAs-SPRING RICE,
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. Joint Secretary of the Treasury.
To. Res. 8, Mansfield-street.
Co. Se, Mount Trenchard, Li-
merickshire.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Earl of
Limerick.
Contested Election.
Pryme . - . 979
T. S. Rice . . 709
Sir E. Sugden . 540
C A MB R ID G E UNIVE R-
SITY, Cambridgeshire,
2 Representatives.
The Rt. Hon. HENRY Gou, BURN.
8th Parl.
A West India Proprietor. .
Off: A Privy Councillor in Eng-
land and Ireland.
To. Res. 1, Upper Berkeley-street.
Co. Se. Betchworth-place, Dorking,
Surrey.
Rel. Cousin to Wiscount Chet-
wynd, I. P.
Rt. Hon. CHARLEs MANNERs SUT-
ToN, D.C.L. 8th Parl.
Born 1780.
Off. A Privy Councillor.
A Lord of Trade and Plantations,
To. Res. St. Stephen's-court, New
Palace-yard.
Co. Se: Mistley Hall, Manning-
tree, Essex.
Rel. Nephew to Baron Manners;
2d cousin to the Duke of Rut-
land; son of the late Archbishop
of Canterbury.
This gentleman has been Speaker of
the House of Commons, from 1817
to the present time.

CARD (
) CARM
9
CANTERBURY, City of, Kent.
2 Cits.
Pop. 15,316; househ. 667.
The Hon. RICHARD WATson.
3d Parl.
Born 1800.
Off. Captain in the 10th Dragoons.
Rel. Youngest bro. of Lord Sondes.
Viscount Fordwich. 3d Parl.
Born 1806.
N. & S. George-Augustus Cowper.
Off. A Lieutenant in the Army.
o. Res. 11, Little Maddox-street.
Rel. Eldest son of Earl Cowper.
Contested Election.
Watson - . 834
Fordwich . - . 800
Sir Wm. Courtenay 378
CARDIFF, COWBRIDGE,
and LANTRISSENT, Glamorgan-
shire. A District of Welsh Boroughs.
1 Bs.
Pop. 14,034; househ. 827.
* John NICHOLL, Esq. Jun.
Election Contest.
Nicholl
Lord James Stuart
342
192
CARDIGANSHIRE, S. Wales.
I Knt.
Pop. 64,780.
WILLIAM EDwARD Powell, Esq.
8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. Lord Lieutenant and Cust.
Rot. of the County; a Colonel
in the Army.
Co. Se. Nanteos, Cardiganshire.
CARDIGAN, ABERYST-
WITH, LAMPETER, and
ASPAR. A. District of Welsh
Boroughs. I Bs.
Pop. 8230; househ. 672.
PRysE PRysE, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Limmer's Hotel, Con-
duit-street.
Co. Se. Gogertham-house, Car-
diganshire.
Rel. Bro...in-law to Wiscount Ash-
brook. -
6th Parl.
CARLISLE, City of, Cumberland.
Cits.
Pop. 20,006; househ. 587.
PHILIP-HENRY HowARD, Esq.
3d Parl.
Born 1801.
To. Res. 47, Brook-street.
Rºl. Cousin to the Duke of Nor-
folk; to the Earl of Carlisle.
WILLIAM JAMEs, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 1, Charles-street, Berke-
ley-square.
Contested Election.
Howard 478
James - - 472
Sir John Malcolm 117
CARLOWSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kmts.
WALTER BLACKNEY, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Ballyeltan Lodge, Car-
lowshire.
* Thomas WALLACE, Esq.
Off. One of His Majesty's Coun.
sel at Law.
Res, 76, St. Stephen's Green, Dublin.
CARLOW, Borough of Ireland.
1 Bs.

* Nicholas Aylward Vigors, Esq.
Off. Secretary to the Zoological
Society.
To. Res. 16, Chester-terrace, Re-
gent's-park.
Co. Se. Old Leighlin, Co. Carlow.
CARMARTHENSHIRE,
South Wales. 2 Ki
nts.
Pop. 100,655.
The Hon.GEORGE-RICE-Rice TRE-
VOR. 5th Parl.
Born 1795.
Mar. 1824, Frances, daughter of
Lord Charles Fitzroy.
To. Res 10, Suffolk-street.
Co. Se. Dynevor Castle, same
county.
Rel. Eldest son of Baron Dynevor.
* Epward HAMLIN ADAMs, Esq.
Co. Se, Middleton Hall, same
county,
CASH
CHES
( 10 )
CARMARTHEN, and LLA-
NELLY, Boroughs of, Carmarthen-
shire, S. Wales. 1 Bs.
Pop. 17,641; househ. 936.
* The Hon. WILLIAM-HENRY YEL-
VERTON.
Born 1791.
Mar. 1825, Elizabeth-Lucy, daugh-
ter and heiress of John Morgan,
Esq. of Furness, Co. Carmar-
then.
Rel. Bro. to Lord Avonmore.
Contested Election.
Yelverton . 267
John Jones, Esq. 260
CARNARVONSHIRE, North
Wales. 1 Knt.
Population 65,753.
Thomas Assheton SMITH, Esq.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 30, Albemarle-street.
Co. Se. Vaynol, Carnarvonshire.
CARNARVON, PWLLHELY,
NEVIN, CONWAY, BANGOR,
AND CRICCIETH. A. District
of Boroughs in N. Wales. I B.S.
Pop. 7642; househ. 774.
The Hon. Sir CHARLEs PAGET,
K.C.B. 2d Parl.
Off. Rear-Admiral of the White;
Groom of his Majesty's Bed-
chamber.
To. Res. 1, Old Burlington-street.
Rel. Brother to the Marquess of
Anglesey.
Contested Election.
Paget - . 232
Major Nanney 187
CARRICKFERGUS, Borough
of, Antrimshire, Ireland. 1 Bs.
* CoNway Richard Dobbs, Esq.
Co. Se. Acton-house, County of
Armagh.
CASHELL, City of.
* JAMEs Rowe, Esq.
Co., Se. Roseborough, County of
Tipperary.
1 Cit.
CAVANSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Knts.
HENRY MAxwell, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Farnham, Cavanshire.
Rel. Nephew to Baron Farnham,
I. P., and heir pres, to his Lord-
ship's title and estates; son-in-
law of Lord Le Despencer.
John YouNg, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 24, Upper Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Ballieborough Castle, Ca-
vanshire.
* CHATHAM, Borough of.
Pop. 19,000; househ. 1174.
LEADER MABERLY,
1 Bs.
WILLIAM
Esq.
Off: A Lieutenant-Colonel in the
Army; Clerk of the Ordnance.
To. Res. 23, Upper Berkeley-street.
* CHELTENHAM, Borough
of, Gloucestershire. I Bs.
Pop. 22,942; househ. 2100.
* The Hon. CRAvºn FITzHARDINGE
BERKELEY.
Born 1805.
To. Res. 6, Spring-gardens.
Rel. Nephew to Baron Segrave.
CHESHIRE, a County Palatine.
4 Knts.
SOUTH-WEST DIVISION.
Pop. 144,990.
GEORGE WILBRAHAM, Esq.
- 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 56, Upper Seymour-street.
Co. Se. Delamere-house, North-
wich, Cheshire.
Rel. Son-in-law of Earl Fortescue;
bro.-in-law to Viscount Ebring-
ton and to Baroness King; cousin
to Baron Skelmersdale.
EARL GRosvenoR. 5th Parl.
N. & S. Richard Grosvenor.
To. Res. 15, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Eaton-hall, Cheshire.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess of
Westminster; brother to the Earl
CHES
CHRI
( 11 )
of Wilton and to Lord Robert
Grosvenor, M. P. for the City of
Chester; son-in-law of the Mar-
quess of Stafford.
Contested Election.
Wilbraham 2660
Grosvenor - , 2407
Sir Philip de Grey Egerton 2297
NORTH-EAST DIVISION.
Pop. 189,420.
Edward JoHN STANLEY, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 38, Lower Brook-street.
Co. Se. Alderley Park, Knutsford,
Cheshire.
WILLIAM TATToN EGERTON, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 43, Wilton-crescent.
Co. Se. Tatton Park, Knutsford,
Cheshire.
Rel. Nephew to Baron Skelmers-
dale.
Contested Election.
Stanley 2563
Egerton 2422
Aim follémache isii
CHESTER, City of, Cheshire.
2 Cits.
Pop. 21,368; househ. 1800.
Lord Robert GRosvenoR.
4th Parl.
To. Res. 29, Upper Grosvenor-
street.
Rel. Third son of the Marquess of
Westminster; brother to Earl
Grosvenor and the Earl of
Wilton.
* John JERVIs, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister at Law:
To Res. 2, New-square, Lincoln's
Inn.
Contested Election.
Grosvenor . 1166
Jervis - 1053
Maddock 499
CHICHESTER, City of, Sussea.
2 Cits.
Pop. 8270; househ. 680.
LoRD ARTHUR LENNox. 2d Parl.
Born 1806.
Off: A Lieutenant-Colonel in the
Army.
To. Res. 5, Upper Portland Place.
Rel, Brother to the Duke of Rich-
mond.
John ABEL SMITH, Esq. 3rd Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker in London of the
firm of Smith, Payne, & Smith,
and an East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 47, Belgrave Square.
Co. Se. Dale Park, Sussex.
Rel. Son of John Smith, Esq. M.P.
for Buckinghamshire; nephew to
Baron Carrington.
Contested Election.
Lennox 707
Smith - 456
W. P. Carter 263
CHIPPENHAM, Borough of,
Wilts. 2 Bss.
Pop. 5270; househ, 312.
Joseph NEELD, Esq. F. S. A. &
F. L. S. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Coulson's Hotel, 45, Brook-
Street.
Co. Se. Grittleton House, Chip-
penham, Wilts; Kelston Park,
Somerset.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Earl of
Shaftesbury.
* WILLIAM HENRY Fox TALBot,
Esq.
To. Res. 31, Sackville Street.
Co. Se. Lacock Abbey, Wilts.
CHRIST CHURCH, Borough
of, Hants. 1 Bs.
Pop. 6077; househ. 363.
* GEoRGE WILLIAM TAPPs, Esq.
To. Res. 4, Stratford-place.
Co. Se. Barton, parish of Milton,
county of Southampton.

COCK (
) CORK
CIRENCESTER, Borough of,
Gloucestershire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 5420; househ. 329.
LoRD APSLEY. 8th Parl.
Born 1790.
M. & S. Henry-George Bathurst,
†. C.L
T. R. ić, Arlington-street.
Rel. Eldest son of Earl Bathurst.
Joseph CRIPPs, Esq. 6th Parl.
Occ. A Banker in Cirencester, and
an East India Proprietor.
To, Res. 85, St. James's-street.
CLACKMANNAN and KIN-
ROSSSHIRES, with certain pa-
rishes in Perth and Stirlingshires,
Scotland. I Com.
CHARLEs ADAM, Esq. 2d Parl.
Prof. Rear-Admiral of the White.
To, Res. 102, Great Russell-street,
Co. Se. Barnes, Clackmannanshire.
CLARESHIRE, Irld. 2 Knts.
WILLIAM - NUGENT M*NAMARA,
Esq 3d Parl.
A. Land Owner.
Off. A Major in the Army.
Co. Se. Doolen, same county.
* CoRNELIUs O'Brien, Esq.
Co. Se. Birthfield, same County.
CLITHEROE, Borough of Lan-
cashire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 8915; househ. 359.
* John Fort, Esq.
Co. Se. Read Hall, co. of Lancaster.
Contested Election.
Fort - 157
J. Irving . 124
CLONMEL, Borough of, Tippe-
raryshire, Ireland. 1 Bs.
* Do MINICK RoNAYNE, Esq.
COCKERMOUTH, Borough
of, Cumberland. 2 Bss.
Pop. 27,176; househ. 1500.
* FRETCHEvili, E LAwson BALL-
ANTINE DYKEs, Esq.
To. Res. 1, Elm-court, Temple.
Co. Se. Dorenby Hall, county of
Cumberland.
* HENRY - AGLIonby - AGLIONBy,
Esq.
Co. Se, Newbiggen Hall, same co.
Contested Election.
Dykes - 187
Aglionby . 124
Green - 103
COLCHESTER, Borough of
Esser. 2 Bss.
Pop. 16,167; househ. 500.
* RICHARD SANDERson, Esq.
To. Res.46, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Brightlin-sea-lodge, Wiven-
hoe, Colchester.

DANIEL WHITTLE HARVEY, Esq.
5th Parl.
Prof. A Solicitor.
To. Res. 7, Great George-street,
Westminster.
Contested Election.
Sanderson - 647
Harvey - 408
W. Mayhew - 272
COLERAINE, Borough of Lon-
donderryshire, Ireland. 1 Bs.
Sir John Poo BERESFORD, Bart.
K.C.B. 7th Parl.
Off. A Vice Admiral of the White.
To. Res. 54, Harley-street.
Rel. Eldest brother to Wiscount
Beresford.
CORKSHIRE, Ireland. 2 Kmts,
* FEARGus O'Connor, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Co. Se. Fort Robert, same Co.
Rel. Son of Roger O’Connor, Esq.
author of “Chronicles of Eri.”
* GARRET STANDISH BARRY, Esq.
Co. Se. Leamlara, same County.
CORK, City of Ireland. 2 Cits.
# L.
HERBERT BALDw1N, Esq. D.C.L.
DANIEL CALLAGHAN, Esq.
3d Parl.
Occ. A merchant of Cork.
Co. Se. Lota, Cork.
CRIC (
CUMLB
13 )
CORNWALL, a Duchy and
County Palatine. 4 Knts.
SOUTH-WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 156,165.
Edward - WILLIAM -
PENDARVEs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 36, Eaton-place, Belgrave-
square. -
Co. Se, Pendarves, Truro, Cornwall.
Sir CHARLEs LEMON, Bart. 3rd Parl.
Porn 1784.
A Land Owner.
Mar., 1810, Charlotte, youngest
daughter of the Earl of Ilchester.
To. Res. 46, Charles-street, Berke-
ley-square.
Co-Se. Carclew, Penrhyn, Cornwall.
WyNNE
4th Parl.
NORTH-EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 146,275,
* Sir WILLIAM Morlesworth, Bart.
Born 1810.
Co. Se. Pencarrow,
Cornwall.
* WILLIAM LEwis
TRELAwNEY, Esq.
Co. Se. Harewood, same County.
COVENTRY, City of Warwick-
shire. 2 Cits.
Pop. 27,076; househ. 1500.
Edward ELLICE, Esq. 5th Parl.
Occ. A Merchant in London.
To. Res. 41, Up. Grosvenor-street
Rºl. Son-in-law of Earl Grey.
HENRY Lytton BULweR, Esq.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Rel. Brother to Edward Lytton
Bulwer, Esq. M. P. for the City
of Lincoln.
county of
SALUSBURY
CRICKLADE, Borough of, and
certain Hundreds in Wiltshire, (viz.
those of Highworth, Cricklade, Staple,
Kingsbridge, and parts of Malmesbury.)
2 Bss,
Pop. 1642.
THoMAs CALLEY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To, Res. 15, Burton-crescent.
Co. Se. Salthrope House, Wilts.
2d Parl.
Robert GoRDON, Esq. 7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A West India Merchant.
To. Res. 24, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Kemble House, Wilts, and
Leweston, near Sherborne, Dor-
setshire.

CUMBERLAND, County of,
4 Knts.
EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 21,974.
The Right Hon. Sir JAMEs-Robert-
GEORGE-GRAHAM, Bart.
5th Parl.
Born 1792.
Mar., 1819, Fanny-Callander, dr.
of Sir James Campbell, of Ard-
kinglass.
A Land Owner.
%. First Lord of the Admiralty.
o. Res. Admiralty.
Co. Se. Netherby, Cumberland.
Rel. Cous. to the Earl of Galloway,
S. P.
WILLIAM BLAMIRE, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Thackwood, Cumberland.
WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 77,707.
The Rt. Hon. Viscount LowTHER.
7th Parl.
N. & S. William Lowther, F.S.A.
Born 1787.
Off. A Privy Councillor.
A Director of Greenwich Hospital
Lieut.-Col. Commandant of the
Westmoreland Militia.
To. Res. 5, Cleveland-row.
Co. Se. Whitehaven Castle, same
County, and Lowther Castle,
Westmoreland.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Lons-
dale.
(His Lordship has also been elected
for Westmoreland.)

* Edward STANLEY, Esq.
Born 1790.
To. Res. 14, Grosvenor-square.
Co., Se. Dalegarth and Ponsonby
Halls, same County.
A Magistrate and Deputy-Lieute-
nant of the County.
Mar., 1821, Mary, daughter of Wil-
C
DENB ( 14
) DERB
liam Douglas, Esq. an East
India Judge.
Contested Election.
Lowther 1885
Stanley 1693
Curwen 1510
C UP AR, St. AND REW’S,
CRAIL, KILRENNY, EAST
and WEST ANSTRUTHER, and
PITTEN WEEM, a District of
Scottish Boroughs. 1 Com.
ANDREw Johnston, Jun. Esq.
2d Parl.
To. Res. 21, Manchester-buildings.
Co. Se. Runnyhill.
DARTMOUTH, Borough of,
1 Bs.
Devon.
Pop. 4597; househ. 422.
* JoHN-HENRY SEALE, Esq.
Off. A Lt.-Colonel in the Army.
DENBIGHSHIRE, N. Wales.
- 2 Knts.
Pop. 83,167.
Sir WATKIN WILLIAMs WyNN, Bart.
12th Parl.
Born 1772.
A Land Owner.
Mar. 1817, Henrietta Antonio
Clive, eldest daughter of the Earl
of Powis.
Off. Lord Lieut. and Cust. Rot. of
Merionethshire and Denbighshire.
To. Res. 18, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Wynnstay, near Wrexham,
Denbighshire and Llanllyn, Me-
rionethshire.
Rel. Bro. to the Rt. Hon. C. W. W.
Wynn, M. P. for Montgomery-
shire, Nephew to Baron Gren-
ville.
RoßERT MyDDELTON BIDDULPH,
Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Chirk Castle, Denbighshire.
DENBIGH, RUTHYN, HOLT,
and WREXAM, a District of Bo-
roughs in Denbighshire, North Wales.
I B.S.
Pop. 14,245; househ. 743.
* JoHN MADocks, Esq.
Co. Se. Glanywern, Co. Denbigh.
DERBYSHIRE. 4 Knts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 101,067.
LoRD CAvKNDISH. 4th Parl.
N. & S. Wm. Cavendish.
Born 1808.
Mar. 1829, Blanche - Georgiana,
fourth daughter of the Earl of
Carlisle.
To, Res. 10, Belgrave-square.
Rel. Grandson of the Earl of Bur-
lington, nephew to the Hon.
H. F. C. Cavendish, M. P. for
the borough of Derby.
THoMAs GISBoRNE, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Howick-house, same county.
Contested Election.
Cavendish 3388
Gisborne 3385
Sir George Sitwell iſs;
SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 136,103.
The Hon. GEORGE-John-VENABLEs
VERNoN. 2d Parl.
Born 1803. -
Mar. 1824, Isabella Caroline, dr. of
Cuthbert Ellison, Esq.
To. Res. 25, Wilton-crescent.
Rel. Eldest Son of Baron Vernon.
The Right Hon. BARON WATER-
PARK, I.P. 3d Parl.
N. & S. Henry Manners Caven-
dish, F. S. A.
Born 1793.
A Land Owner.
DEVO
DEVO
( 15 )
Off: A Lieutenant-Colonel in the
Army.
Co. Se. Doveridge Hall, Derby-
shire, and Waterpark, 6.
shire.
Contested Election.
Vernon . . .
Waterpark -
Sir Roger Gresley .
3021
28.23
1942
DERBY, Borough of, Derbyshire.
2
Bss.
Pop. 23.607; househ. 1684.
Edward STRUTT, Esq. 3d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant and Manufac-
turer of the County.
To. Res. 17, Cork-street.
The Hon. HENRY-FREDERIck-
CoMPTON CAvendish. 8th Parl.
Born 1789.
Mar. 1819, Frances-Susan, sister
of Lord Durham.
Off: A Lieut. Col. and Major of
the 1st Reg. of Life Guards.
To. Res. Burlington-gardens.
Co. Se. Sutton Court House, Chis-
wick.
Rel. Son of the Earl of Burlington;
Cous, to the Duke of Devon-
shire.
Contested Election.
Strutt - - - 884
Cavendish . . 716
Sir C. Colville . 430
DEVIZES, Borough of, Wilts.
2 Bss.
Pop. 6367; househ. 409.
* WADHAM Locke, Esq.
Co. Se. Rowde-house, Co. Wilts.
* MonTAgu GoRE, Esq.
To. Res. 8, Mount-street, Gros-
venor-square.
Co. Se. Elston, Wiltshire.
* DEVONPORT, Borough of,
Devonshire. 2 Bss.
LoRD JoHN RUSSELL.
* Sir GEORGE GREy, Bart.
JBorn 1799.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
Mar. 1827, Anna-Sophia, eld, dr.
of the Hon. and Rt. Rev. Henry
Ryder, Lord Bp. of Lichfield and
Coventry.
To. Res. 1, New Burlington-street,
and 19, Old-sq., Lincoln’s-inn.
Rel, Nephew to Earl Grey.
*Sir Edward CodriNgtoN, G.C.B.,
F.R.S.
Off. A Vice-Admiral of the White.
To. Res. 92, Eaton-square.
Co. Se. Hampton-lodge, Brighton.

Sir Edward, was youngest Cap-
tain of a line of battle ship at the
battle of Trafalgar, under the
immortal Nelson.
Contested Election.
Grey - - 11.78
Codrington - 891
Leach - - 575

DEVONSHIRE.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 171,036.
* The Hon. NEwTo N FELLowes.
To. Res.41, Bryanstone-square.
Co. Se. Eggesford, near Chum-
leigh, Devonshire.
Rel. Brother-in-law to Lord Ebring-
ton. Brother and heir pres. to the
Earl of Portsmouth.
Viscount EBRINGTON.
N. & S. Hugh Fortescue.
Born 1783.
Mar. 1817, Lady Susan Ryder, dr.
of the Earl of Harrowby.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 17, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Castle Hill, Devonshire.
Rel, Eldest son of Earl Fortescue.
4 Knts.
6th Parl.
SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 323,132.
6th Parl.
Born 1792.
Off: Paymaster of the Forces.
A Privy Councillor.
To. Res. Pay-Office, Whitehall.
Rel. 3d son of the Duke of Bedford.
c 2
DORS
DOWN
( 16 )
* John CRock ER BULTEEL, Esq.
Rel, Son-in-law of Earl Grey.
Co. Se. Fleet-house, Lyneham,
near Modbury, County of Devon.
Contested Election.
Russell 3782
Bulteel - 3682
Yarde Buller 3215
DONEGALSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Knts.
Sir EDMond SAMUEL HAYEs, Bart.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Drumboe Castle, same co.
Edward MICHAEL CoNoLLY, Esq.
2d Parl.
Co. Se. Castle-town, Co. Kildare,
and Corlea, Co. Donegal.
Off. A Lieut.-Col. of His Ma-
jesty's Militia.
DoRCHESTER, Borough of
2 Bss.
Pop. 3033; househ. 333.
* The Hon. ANTHoNY HENRy
AsHLEY Cooper.
Born 1807,
To. Res. 24, Grosvenor-square.
Rel. Third son of the Earl of
Shaftesbury.
Robert WILLIAMs, Esq.
10th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker in London.
To. Res. 36, Grosvenor-sq.
Co. Se. Littlebredy, Co. of Dorset.
DORSET-SHIRE, 3 Kmts.
Pop. 159,252.
LoRD AshLEy. 4th Parl.
M. & S. Anthony-Ashley-Cooper.
Born 1801.
Mar. 1830, Lady Emily Cowper,
dr. of Earl Cowper.
To. Res. 20, New Norfolk-street,
Park-lane.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of
Shaftesbury, and bro. to one of
the Members for Dorchester.
WILLIAM JoHN BANKEs, Esq.
4th Parl.
To. Res. 5, Old Palace Yard.
Co. Se. Soughton-hall, near North-
cept, Flintshire, North Wales.
Rel. Grandson of the Earl of El-
don; cous. to Viscount Encombe.
Hon. WILLIAM - FRANCIs
SPENCER Ponsonby, 4th Parl.
Born 1787.
Mar. 1814, Lady Barbara Ashley-
Cooper, only dr. and sole heiress
of the Earl of Shaftesbury.
To, Res. 20, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Canford-house, Wimborne,
Dorset.
Rel. Third son of the Earl of Bes-
borough, bro. to Wiscount Dun-
cannon.
The
DOVER, a Borough and Cinque
Port, Kent, 2 Bns.
Pop. 11,924; househ. 1743.
The Right Hon. CHARLEs Poul ETT
Thomson.
N. B. Returned also for the new
Borough of MANCHESTER, for
which place he has made his elec-
tion.
Sir John RAE REID, Bart.
2d Parl.
Born 1791.
Occ. A West India Merchant.
Off: A Bank Director, and East
India Proprietor.
To. Res. 10, Pall-mall.
Co. Se. Ewell Grove, Surrey.
Contested Election.
Thomson 714
Reid 644
Halcombe 521
Capt. Stanhope 500
DOWNPATRICK, Borough of,
Downshire, Ireland. I B.S.
* JoHN WARING MAxwell, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Finnibrogue House, near
Downpatrick.
-
DUBL ( 17 ) DUMF
DOWNSHIRE, Ireland. DUBLIN, City of, Ireland.
2 Kmts. 2 Cits.
Lord ARTHUR Movses WILLIAM | DANIEL O'Connell, Esq.
HILL. 7th Parl. 4th Parl.
Born 1792. A Land Owner.
Off. A Lieutenant-Colonel of the
Scotch Greys.
To. Res. 20, Arlington-street.
Rel. Bro, to the Marquess of Down-
shire; son of the Baroness Sandys.
Viscount CASTLEREAGH. 4th Parl.
N. & S. Frederick Stewart.
Born 1805.
To. Res. 23, Chapel-street, Gros-
venor-square.
Co. Se. Newtonards, Downshire.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess of
Londonderry.
DROG HEDA, Town of, Louth-
shire, Ireland. I Bs.
* ANDREw CAREw O'Dwyer, Esq.
Res. Upper Mount-st., Dublin.
Prof. Barrister-at-law.
DROITWICH, Borough of,
Worcestershire. I Bg.
Pop. 5949; househ. 311.
John-HodgetTs-HodgeTTs For Ey,
Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Priestwood-house, Stafford-
shire.
Rel. Cousin to Baron Foley.
DUBLINSHIRE, Ireland.
- 2 Kºts.
* CHRIsroPHER FITZSIMON, Esq.
Rel. Son-in-law to Daniel O’Con.
nell, Esq. M. P. for Dublin city.
* GEORGE HAMBDEN Evans, Esq.
A Land Owner.
(Late High Sheriff of the county.)
Mar. in 1805, Sophia, sister of the
Rt. Hon. Sir Henry Parnell,
Bart., of Rathleague, Queen's
county.
Co. Se. Portrane, co. Dublin.
Rel. Bro, to Joshua Evans, Esq. of
the English Bar, one of the
Commissioners of the New Court
of Bankruptcy.
Prºf. A Barrister at Law.
To. Res. 14, Manchester-buildings.
Co. Se. Derinane Abbey, Kerry.
Edward SouTHwBLL RUTHve N,
Esq. 3d Parl.
A-Land Owner.
To, Res. 14, Manchester-buildings.
Co. Res. Downpatrick, Co. Down.
DU B L IN UNIVERSITY.
2 Represents.
FREDERICK SHAw, Esq., A. M.
2d Parl.
Off. Recorder of Dublin.
To. Res. 7, Millbank-street.
THoMAS LEFROY, Esq., LL.D.
3d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
* DUDLEY, Borough of, Wor-
cestershire. | Bs.
Pop. 23,043; househ. 800.
Sir John CAMPBELL, Knt.
4th Parl.
Off. His Majesty's Solicitor General.
To. Res. 5, New-street, Spring-
gardens, and 14, Paper-buildings,
Temple.
Rel, Son-in-law of Sir James Scar-
lett, M. P
Contested Election.
Campbell - . 318
Sir H. St. Paul 229
DUMBARTONSHIRE, Scot-
land. 1 Com.
* JoHN CAMPBELL Colquhou N, Esq.
Co. Se. Garscadden and Killer-
mont, Dumbartonshire.
DUMIFRIES-SHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
John JAMEs HoPEJohnston E, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Warren's Hotel, Regent-st.
Co. Se. Annandale, same county.
Rel. Cous, to the Earl of Hope-
town.
c 3
DURH ( 18 ) DURH
DUMFRIES, SANQUHAR, WILLIAM RICHARD CARTER CHAY-
ANNAN, LO CHMABEN, and ToR, Esq. 2d Parl.
KIRKCUDBRIGHT. A District Co. Se. Walton Castle, C f
of Scottish Boroughs. I Com. "bººm alton Castle, CO. 0
MATTHEw SHARPE, Esq. Rel. Son of Sir William Chaytor.
Co. Se. Hoddam, Dumfriesshire. Contested Election.
Off: A Lieut. General of the Army. Harland 439
Chaytor 403
DUNDALK, Borough of, Louth- Hon. A. Trevor 383
shire, Ireland. 1 Bs.
* WILLIAM. O'REILLY, Esq. DURHAM, County of 4 Knts.
Prof. Barrister-at-law.
Res. Dorset-street, Dublin.
Co. Se. Seafarm, county of Dublin.
* DUNDEE, Borough of, Scot-
land. 1 Com.
* GeoRef, KINLoch, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Kinloch.
DUNGANNON, Boroughof, Ty-
I Bs.
roneshire, Ireland.
The Hon. John JAMEs KNox.
3d Parl.
Born 1790.
%. A Lieut.-Colonel in the Army.
o. Res. 31, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Aldenham, and Barham-
park, near Elstree, Herts.
Rel, 4th son of the Earl of Ranfurly.
I. P. (Baron Ranfurly, U.K.)
DUNGARVON, Borough of,
Waterford, Ireland. 1 Bs.
The Hon. GEORGE LAMB, 5th Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law
Off. Joint Under Secretary for the
Home Department.
To. Res. Home Office, Whitehall,
Co. Se. Brocket-hall, Herts.
Rel. Brother to Wiscount
bourne, Secretary of State.
Mel-
DURHAM, City of, 2 Cits.
Pop. 10,125; househ. 448.
* WILLIAM CHARLEs HARLAND,
º
Co. Se. Sutton-hall, County of
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 175,321.
* The Hon. HEdworth LAMBTON.
Born 1797.
To. Res. 23, Dover-street.
Co. Se. Lambton Castle, same Co.
Rel. Brother to Lord Durham.
Sir HEdworth WILLIAMSON, Bart.
2d Parl.
Born 1797. -
A Land Owner.
Mar. 1826, Anne Elizabeth, 3d dr.
of Lord Ravensworth.
To. Res. 8, St. James's-place.
Co. Se. Whitburn-hall, Co. Durham.
Contested Election.
Lambton - . 1792
Williamson 1578
Braddyll - 1280
SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 78,506.
* Joseph PEASE, Esq., Jun.
- Co. Se. Southend, Parish of Dar-
lington, same county.
This gentleman is a member of the
Society of Friends.
* John BowFs, Esq.,
To, Res. 54, Conduit-street.
Co. Se. Streatham Castle, same Co.
Rel. Son of the late Baron Bowes,
of Streatham Castle, and nephew
to the present Earl of Strathmore.
Contested Election.
Pease 2269
Bowes 2210
Shaftoe 1836
ELGI
ESSE
( 19 )
D Y S A. R. T., K.I.R. K.A. L. D Y,
KINGHORN, and BURNT-
ISLAND. A District of Scottish
Burghs. 1 Com.
RoberT FERGUson, Esq. 2d Par.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 18, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Raith, Fifeshire.
Rel. Brother to Sir Ronald Craw-
ford Ferguson, M. P. for the Bo-
rough of Nottingham.
ED INB U R G HS HIRE, or
MID-LOTHIAN, Scotland. 1 Com.
* Sir John HAMILTON DALRYMPLE,
Bart.
Born 1771.
Mar. 1825, Adamina, sister to the
Earl of Camperdown.
Co. Se, Oxenfurd Castle, County
of Edinburgh.
Contested Election.
Sir John Dalrymple 601
Sir George Clerk 536
EDINBURGH, City of, Scotland.
2 Coms.
The Rt. Hon. FRANCIs JEFFREy.
Off. Lord Advocate for Scotland.
This gentleman is the most cele-
brated critic of his day, and was sole
editor of “ The Edinburgh Re-
view” from its commencement to
the year 1829.
The Rt. Hon. JAMEs ABERCRoMBIE.
(Late Lord Chief Baron of Scotland.)
Rel. Brother to Baron Abercrombie,
and third son of the immortal Sir
Ralph Abercrombie, who fell at
the battle of Alexandria, 1801.
Contested Election.
The Lord Advocate 40.58
Rt. Hon. J. Abercrombie 3865
Mr. Blair . 1519
ELGIN and NAIRN-SHIRES.
1 Com.
The Hon. FRANCIs W.M. GRANT.
7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. Lord Lieutenant of Inverness-
shire; Colonel of the Elginshire
Militia.
Co. Se. Cullen-house, Inverness-
shire, and Grant.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Seafield.
*** The County of Nairn was For-
MERLY included with that of Cro-
marty.
ELGIN, CULLEN, BANFF,
INVERARY, KINTORE, and
PETER HEAD. A District of
Scottish Boroughs. I Com.
* ANDREw LEIGH HAY, jun. Esq.
Off: A Lieut.-Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Rannes.
ENNIS, Borough of, Clareshire,
Ireland. I B.S.
* FRANCIs M*NAMARA, Esq.
Co. Se. Doolen, Co. Clare.

ENNISKILLEN, Borough of,
Fermanaghshire, Ireland. I Bs.
The Hon. ARTHUR HENRy Cole.
4th Parl.
Born 1780.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 15, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Florence-court, Ferma-
naghshire.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Ennis-
killen.
ESSEX, County of 4 Knts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 167,211. -
* SIR John Tyssen Tyrrell, Bart.
Born 1762.
A Land Owner.
Mar. 1791, Sarah, only daughter of
the late William Tyssen, Esq. of
Waltham-house, Herts.
Co. Se. Boreham-house, same co,
ALEXANDER BARING, Esq.
9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Merchant and East India
Proprietor.
To. Res. 82, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. The Grange, County of
Hants.
Contested Election.
Tyrrell 2448
Baring 2280
Western 2244
Brande 1840
EXET
FINS
( 20 )
ESSEX SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 150,026.
* Robert WESTLEx HALL DARE,
SOI.
Co. Se. Cranbrook-house, same co.
* SIR THoMAS BARRET LENNARD,
Bart.
Born 1761.
Mar. 1787, Dorothy, daughter of the
late Sir John St. Aubyn, Bart.
Co. Se. Belhouse, same county.
Rel, Father to T. B. Lennard, Esq.
M. P. for the Borough of Mal-
don.
Contested Election.
Dare - - . 2087
Lennard 1538
#on.". L. Wellesley iſ;
EVESHAM, Borough of, Wor-
cestershire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 3991; househ. 330.
Sir CHARLEs Cocker ELL, Bart.
7th Parl.
Born 1775.
A Land Owner.
Mar. 1808, Harriet, second daughter
of Lord Northwick.
To. Res. 147, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Sesincote, Gloucester-
shire.
Rel. Brother-in-law to Baron North-
wick.
Thomas HUDson, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 6, Park-crescent, Port-
land-place.
Contested Election.
Cockerell 234
Hudson - . 212
Borthwick . . 126
EXETER, City of Devonshire.
2 Cits.
Pop. 28,201; househ. 3016.
JAMES WENTwo RTH BULLER, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 19, King-street, St.James's.
Co. Se. Downes, Devonshire.
* Edward DiveTT, Esq.
Contested Election.
Buller 1615
Divett - . 1120
W. W. Follet 985
EYE, Borough of, Suffolk.
Pop. 7206; househ, 330.
Sir Edward KERRIson, Bart.
7th Parl.
| Bs.
Born 1776,
An East India Proprietor.
Mar. Mary, eldest daughter of Alex.
Ellice, Esq.
Off: A Major-General and Colonel
of the 14th Dragoons; Recorder
of Eye.
To. Res. 13, Great Stanhope–st.
Co. Se. Oakley Park, Suffolk.
FERMANAG HSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kmts,
MERVYN ARCHDALL, Esq.
11th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. A Governor of the County;
a General in the Army; Lieut.-
Governor of the Isle of Wight.
To. Res. 16, Waterloo-place.
Co. Se. Castle-Archdall, near En-
miskillen, same County.
* Wiscount Cole.
N. & S. William Willoughby Cole.
Co. Se. Florence Court, same
County.
FIFESHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
JAMES WEMyss, Esq. 5th Parl,
A Land Owner. -
Off: A Captain Royal Navy.
Co. Se. Wemyss Castle, Fife-
shire.
Rel. Brother-in-law to the Earl of
Errol.
* FINSBURY, Manor of Mid-
dlesea. 2 Bss.
The Rt. Hon. Robert GRANT.
4th Parl.
An East India Proprietor.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Off: Judge Advocate General; King's
Serjeant in the Duchy Court of
Lancaster.
To. Res. 11, Great George-street,
Westminster. -
Rel. Bro. to the Rt. Hon. Charles
Grant, M. P. for Inverness-
shire.
FORT ( 21 ) GLAS
* Robert SPANKIE, Esq. * FROME, Borough of, Somerset-
Off. One of His Majesty's Ser- shire. I B.S.
jeants-at-Law.
To. Res. 36, Russell-square.
Contested Election.
Grant . - . 4293
Spankie . . . 2857
Babbage . . - 2337
Wakley . 21.89
Temple - . 787
FLINTSHIRE, N. Wales. I Knt.
The Hon. Edward Mosty N
Lloyd MostyN. 2d Parl.
Born 1795.
A Land Owner.
Mar. 1827, Lady Harriet-Margaret
Scott, eldest daughter of the Earl
of Clonmel.
Rel. Eld, son of Baron Mostyn.
To. Res. 9, Lower Seymour-street.
FLINT, ST. ASAPH, CA-
ER. GW YLE, C A E R W YS,
HOLY WELL, MOLD, OVER-
TON, and RHUDDLAN, a Dis-
trict of Boroughs in North Wales.
I B.S.
* Sir STEPHENRICH.G.LynxE, Bart.
Born 1807.
To. Res. 36, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Hawarden Castle, Flintshire.
FORFARSHIRE, Scotl. 1 Com.
* The Hon. Dougi,As GoRDON
HALLYBURTON.
Born 1777.
Mar. 1807, Louisa, only daughter
of Sir Edward Leslie, Bart.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Aboyne,
S.P. (BARON MELDRUM, U.K.)
but assumed the surname of Hal-
lyburton on succeeding to the
extensive possessions of his ma-
ternal ancestors, the Hallybur-
tons of Pitcur in 1784.
FORTROSE, INVERNESS,
NAIRN, and FORRES, a Dis-
trict of Scottish Boroughs. I Com.
John BAILLIE, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Banker.
Off. An East India Director; a
Lieut.-Colonel in the Army.
To. Res. 9, Devonshire-place.
Co, Se, Leyes, Inverness-shire.
* THoMAs SHEPPARD, Esq.
Res. Hampstead Heath, Middlesex.
Contested Election.
Sheppard - - I63
Sir T. Champneys. 100
GALWAYSHIRE, Irel.
2 Kmts.
* JAMEs DALY, Esq.
Co. Se, Dunsandle, same co.
* THoMAs B. MARTIN, Esq.
Co. Se, Ballinahinch Castle, sameco.
GALWAY, County and Town of,
Ireland. 2 Bss.
“ANDREw H. Lynch, Esq.
Prof. A Chancery Barrister.
To. Res. 33, Queen’s-sq., Blooms-
bury, and 2, New-square, Lin-
coln’s-inn.
Rel. Son-in-law of the late Charles
Butler, Esq.
* LACHLAN MACLACHLAN, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law and Con-
veyancer. -
Res. Town of Galway.
* GATES HEAD, Borough of,
Durham. I Bs.
Pop. 15,177; househ. 750.
* CUTHBERT RIPPON, Esq.
Co. Se. Stanhope Castle, County
of Durham.
GLAMORG ANSHIRE, South
Wales. 2 Knts.
Pop. 126,612.
CHRIstopher-RICE-MANsei, TAL-
Bot, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Margan, in this County.
* LEwis WESTERN DELLwyN, Esq.
Co. Se. Prullergarr, same Co.
* GLASGOW, City of 2 Coms.
* JAMEs Ewing, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A West India Merchant.
Off. Lord Provost of Glasgow.
Co. Res. Dunoon Castle, Buteshire.
GLOU. ( 22 ) GRAN
* JAMEs Oswald, Esq. The Hon. HENRy-GEoRGE-FRANCIs
A Land Owner. MoREToN. 2d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant. JBorn 1802.
Co. Se. Shield-hall, near Glasgow.
Contested Election.
Ewing 3251
Oswald 2837
Sandford 2168
Crawford 1851
Douglas 1341
Dixon 1005
This City formerly joined with
Renfrew, Rutherglen and Dum-
barton in the election of I Com.
GLOU CESTERSHIRE.
4 Knts.
WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 211,886.
* The Hon. GEORGE - CHARLEs-
GRANTLEy. FITzh ARDINGE
BERKELEy.
Born 1800.
Mar. 1824, Caroline-Martha, young-
est daughter of the late Paul Ben-
field, Esq.
To. Res. 6, Spring-gardens.
Rel. Brother to Earl Berkeley, and
Lord Segrave, and to the Hon.
Member for the City of Glou-
Cester.
* The Hon. AUGUSTU's HENRy
MoREToN.
Born 1804.
Rel. Brother to the next Member,
and second son of Baron Ducie.
Contested Election.
Hon. G. Berkeley 31.83
Hon. A. Moreton 3027
Lord Edward Somerset 2973
EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 175,018.
Sir BERRELEY WILLIAM GUIse,
Bart. 8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Rendcomb Park, near Ci-
rencester, and Higham Court,
near Gloucester.
Mar;1826, Elizabeth, eldest daughter
of Lord Shelborne.
To...Res. 36, Dover-street, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Tortworth Castle, Glou-
cestershire.
Rel. Eldest son of Baron Ducie.
Contested Election.
Sir B. W. Guise - 3313
Hon. H. G. F. Moreton 3185
Mr. Codrington 2675
GLOUCESTER, City of 2Cits.
Pop. 11,933; househ. 760.
The Hon. MAURICE FREDER1ck
FITzHARDINGE BERKELEv.
2d Parl.
Off. A Captain Royal Navy.
To. Res. 6, Spring-gardens.
Rel. Brother to Earl Berkeley, and
Lord Segrave.
John PHILPoTTs, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Rel. Brother to the Rt. Rev. Dr.
Philpotts, Lord Bp. of Exeter.
Contested Election.
Berkeley - . 684
Philpotts - , 658
T. Hope - . 549
GRANTHAM, Borough of Lin-
colnshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 7427; househ. 475.
* The Hon. ALGERNoN GREY
ToI.LEMACHE. -
To. Res. 1, Hyde Park-place.
Rel. Sixth son of Lord Hunting-
tower, and grandson of the Count-
ess of Dysart.
GLYNNE EARLE WELBy, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 73, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Denton-hall, Lincolnshire.
Rel. Son of Sir W. E. Welby, Bart.
Contested Election.
Tollemache - . 488
º - . . .303
Sir Montagu Cholmeley 244
GUIL
HAMP
( 23 )
* GREENOCK, Town of.
I Com.
* Rob ERT WALLACE, Esq.
Co. Se. Kilby.
* GREENWICH (and parts ad-
jacent), Borough of Kent. 2 Kmts.
Pop. 65,917; househ. 6142.
*Js. WHITBY DEANs DUNDAs, Esq.
ºff: A Captain in the Royal Navy.
To. Res, 9, Baker-street.
Co. Se. Barton-Comb, near New-
berry, Berks.
* Edward GEORGE BERNARD, Esq.
Occ. A Ship Builder.
Res. Deptford, Co. Kent.
Contested Election.
Dundas 1631
Bernard 1444
Angerstein 1024
GRIMSBY (Great), Borough of.
1 Bs.
Lincolnshire.
Pop. 6836; househ. 338.
* WILLIAM MAxFIELD, Esq.
Offi. A Captain. -
Co. Se. Sunbury, co. of Middlesex.
Contested Election.
Maxfield - 298
Lord Loughborough 158
GUILFORD, Boroughof, Surrey.
2
Bss.
Pop. 3813; househ. 431.
JAMES MANGLEs, Esq. 2d Parl.
Off. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
o. Res. York Chambers, 41, St.
James's-street.
Co. Se. Woodbridge, parish of Stoke,
county of Surrey.
CHARLEs BARING WALL, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Merchant.
To. Res. 44, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Norman Court, near Stock-
bridge, co. of Southampton.
Contested Election.
Mangles
Wall - . 180
C. F. Norton 138
HADDINGTONSHIRE (or
East Lothian), Scotland. 1 Com.
JAMEs BALFour, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 3, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Whittingham House, Dunbar,
HADDINGTON, DUNBAR,
NORTH BER WICK, LAN-
DER, and JEDBURGH, a District
of Scottish Burghs. 1 Com.
Robert STEUART, Esq.
Co. Se. Alderston.
* HALIFAX, Borough of, York-
shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 31,317; househ. 1300.
* RAwpoN BRIggs, Esq.
Res. Halifax.
CHARLEs Wood, Esq. 4th Parl.
To. Res. 3, Richmond-terrace.
Co. Se. Hickleton Hall, Doncaster.
Rel, Son-in-law to Earl Grey.
Contested Election.
Briggs - - . 242
Wood - - . 235
Mich. Stokes . . 186
J. S. Wortley (son of
Lord Wharncliffe) 174
HAMPSHIRE, 4 Knts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 113,449.
CHARLEs SHAw LEFEvre, Esq.
A Land Owner,
To. Res. 9, Whitehall-place.
* J. WINTER Scott, Esq.
Contested Election.
Lefevre 1092 -
Scott 1048
Marquis of Douro is
Walter Long, Esq. 642
HAST
HERE
( 24 )
HAMPSHIRE SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 165,433.
The Right Hon. Viscount, PAL-
MERSTON. 8th Parl.
N. & S. Henry John Temple.
Born 1784,
A Land Owner.
Off. A Privy Councillor.
Principal Secretary of State for
Foreign Affairs.
To. Res. 9, Great Stanhope-street.
Co. Se. Broadland's Park, near
Romsey, Hampshire.
Sir GEoRGE THoMAs STAUNTON,
Bart, D.C.L. & F.R.S.
Born 1781.
A Land Owner.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 17, Devonshire-street,
Portland-place.
Co. Se. Leigh Park, Hampshire,
and Cargins, co. of Galway.
Contested Election.
Palmerston 1625
Staunton 1530
Fleming 1276
HARWICH, Borough of Essex.
2 Bss.
Pop. 2297; househ. 202.
The Right Hon. John CHARLEs
HERRIEs. 5th Parl.
% A Privy Councillor.
o. Res. 5, Albemarle-street.
Co. Se. Montreal, Seven Oaks,
Kent.
* CHRISToPHER THoMAs ToweR,
Esq.
Contested Election.
Herries 97
Tower 93
N. Leader 90
J. Disney 89
HASTINGS, Borough and Cinque
Port of, Sussex. 2 Barons.
Pop. 10,097; househ. 1125.
FREDER1ck North, Esq.
To, Res. Suffolk-street.
Co. Se. Town of Hastings.
2d Parl.
John AshLEYWARRE, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 7, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se.. West Cliff, near Ramsgate,
Kent.
Contested Election.
North
Warre - 242
Lt.-Gen. Sir Henry Fane212
HAVERFORDWEST, NAR-
BERTH and FISHGUARD, Bo-
roughs of, Pembrokeshire, South *:
Bs.
Pop. 10,832; househ. 584.
Sir RICHARD BULKELEY PHILIPs
PHILIPs, Bart. 4th Parl.
Born 1801. -
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 58, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Picton Castle, near Haver-
fordwest, Co. Pembroke.
HELSTON, Borough of Corn-
wall. 1 Bs.
Pop. 3293; househ. 225.
SACKVILLE-LANE Fox, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner. -
To. Res. Gwydyr House, Whitehall.
Co. Se. Bramham Park, near Tad-
caster, Yorkshire.
HEREFORD SHIRE, 3 Knts.
Pop. 110,976.
Sir Robert PRICE, Bart. 6th Parl.
Born 1786.
Mar, 1823, Mary-Anne Elizabeth,
daughter of the Rev. Dr. Price.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 11, Stratton-street, Pic-
cadilly.
- Co. Se. Foxley, Herefordshire.

KEDGwin Hoskins, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 135, Regent-street.
Co. Se. Strickstenning, near Ross,
Herefordshire.
Edward THoMAs Foley, Esq.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 23, Charles-street, Berke-
ley-square.
Co. Se. Stoke Edith Park, Ledbury,
same County.
Rel, Cousin to Baron Foley.
HERT ( 25 ) HORS
HEREFORD, City of 2 Cits. HERTFORD, Borough of
Pop. 10,180; househ. 617. 2 Bss.
Edward Bolton CLIVE, Esq. Pop. 5247; househ. 273,
4th Park | Viscount Ingestame. 3d Parl.
'o. Res. 18, Grafton-street, Bond- Born 1803.
c.". Whitfield, Herefordshire. *ºn. Hº John Chetwynd
Rel, Cousin to Earl Powis.
* Robert BIDDULPH, Esq.
Occ. A Banker in London.
To. Res. 44, Charing-cross.
Co. Se. Ledbury.
Rel. Cousin to Robert Myddelton
Biddulph, Esq., M. P. for Den-
bighshire.
Contested Election.
Clive . - - 391
Biddulph 380
Blakemore 245
HERT FORD SHIRE. 3 Knts.
Pop. 143,341.
Sir John SANDERs SEBRIGHT, Bart.
8th Parl.
Born 1767,
Mar. 1793, Hannah, only daughter
and heiress of Richard Crofts,
Esq., of West Harling, Co. Nor-
folk.
A Land Owner,
To. Res, 88, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Beechwood, Herts,
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the
Harewood.
Earl of
Nicholson CALVERT, Esq.
7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 89, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se, Hunsdon-house, Ware,
Herts.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of
Ranfurly, I. P. (Baron Ranfurly,
U. K.)
Viscount GRIMston. 3d Parl.
Born 1809.
N. & S. James Walter Grimston.
To. Res. 42, Grosvenor-square.
Rel. Eld, son of the Earl of Veru-
lam.
Contested Election.
Sir J. Sebright 21.59
N. Calvert 2144
Lord Grimston 2071
Alston 2009
Mar. 1828, Sarah Elizabeth, daugh-
ter of the Marquess of Waterford.
Off. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Rel. Eldest son of Earl Talbot, bro.-
in-law to the Marquess of Lo-
thian, (Baron Ker, U. K.) cow-
sin to the Marquess of Salisbury.
Viscount MAHoN.
3d Parl.
Born 1805.
N. & S. Philip Henry Stanhope.
To. Res. 12, Albemarle-street.
Co. Se.. Chevening, Kent.
Rel. Eldest son of Earl Stanhope.
Contested Election.
Viscount Ingestrie 432
Viscount Mahon 381
T. J. Duncombe, Esq. 329
Mr. Spalding 186
HONITON, Borough of, Devon-
shire. 2 Bss,
Pop. 3059; househ, 318.
Viscount VILLIERs.
Born 1808. -
A. Y. S. George Augustus Frede-
rick Williers.
To. Res. 38, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Middleton-park, County
of Oxford.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Jer-
sey.
* JAMEs-Ruppell. Todd, Esq.
To Res. 11, John-street, Adelphi.
Co. Se.. Ballingtagart, Armagh,
Ireland.
Contested Election.
Williers 354
Todd - - - 300
J. Peel Cockburn, Esq. 103
HORSHAM, Borough of, Susser.
l -
Bs,
Pop. 5105; househ, 365.
* RoberT HENRY HURST, Esq.
D
HYTH ( 26 ) IPSW
* HUDDERSFIELD, Boroug STEwART MARJoRIBANKs, Esq.
of, Yorkshire. 1 Bs. 5th Parl.
Pop. 19,905; househ. 1140. An East India Proprietor and Ship
• * ~~~vº » Owner.
* LEwis FENTON, Esq.
Off. A Captain in the Army.
Contested Election.
263
Fenton - -
Captain Wood - 252
HUNTINGD ON-SHIRE.
2 Knts.
Pop. 53,149.
Viscount MANDEvillº. 4th Parl.
N. & S. George Montague.
Born 1799.
Mar. 1822, Mellicent, only daugh-
ter and heiress of the late Robert
Bernard Sparrow, Esq.
Off: A Commander in the Royal
Navy.
To. Res. Hyde Park Hotel, Hyde
Park Place.
Rel. Eldest son of the Duke of
Manchester.
John Bonfoy Rooper, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
HUNTINGDON, Borough of,
Huntingdom-shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 3267; househ, 200.
JoNATHAN PEEL, Esq. 2d Parl.
Born 1799.
Mar. 1824, Lady Alicia-Jane Ken-
nedy, youngest, daughter of the
Marquess of Ailsa, K. T.
Off. A Lieut.-Colonel in the Army.
* Brother to Sir Robert Peel,
art.
FREDERIck Pollock, Esq. 2d Parl.
Off: A King's Counsel, and Bar-
rister at law.
To. Res. Queen-square House,
Guildford-street; and Twisden
Buildings, Temple.
Contested Election.
Colonel Peel . 177
F. Pollock . 171
Captain Duberly 128
Mr. Maltby . 94
HYTHE, a Borough and Cinque
Port, Kent. 1 Bn.
Pop. 6903.
To. Res. 5, E. Albany.
Co. Se. Little Bushey, Watford,
Herts.
Contested Election.
S. Marjoribanks 223
W. Frazer . 192
-
* INVERBERVIE, MON-
TROSE, ARBEBROTHIC,
BRECHIN, and FOR FAR, a Dis-
trict of Scottish Burghs. 1 Com.
HoRATIo Ross, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Rossie, Aberdeenshire.
INVERKEITHING, DUN-
FERMLINE, QUEENSFER-
RY, CULROSS, and STIRLING,
a District of Scottish Boroughs.
1 Com.
* Lond DALMENy.
N. & S. Archibald Primrose.
Born 1809.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Rose-
bery.
INVERNESS-SHIRE, Scot-
land. 1 Com.
The Right Hon. CHARLEs GRANT.
7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. President of the Board of
Control.
A Privy Councillor in England
and Ireland.
To. Res. 25, Parliament-street.
Co. Se. Glenelg, Inverness-shire.
Rel. Brother to the Right Hon.
Robert Grant, M. P. for the Bo-
rough of Finsbury.
IPSWICH, Borough of Suffolk.
2 ---
Bss.
Pop. 20,454; househ. 1800.
JAMEs MoRRIsoN, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Occ. A Wholesale Haberdasher in
Fore-street, London.
To. Res. 57, Upper Harley-street.
Co. Se. Balham-hill, Surrey; Font-
hill, Wilts.
KENT ( 27 ) KILK
RIGBY WAsoN, Esq. 2d Parl. THoMAs RIDER, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Contested Election. Contested Election.
Morrison - . 594 Hodges 3380
Wason - . 593 Rider 3107
Goulburn - . 308 Sir W. Geary . 2488
Kelly - . 283
C. Mackinnon , 94
* KENDAL, Borough of West-
moreland. I Knt.
Pop. 11,577; househ. 682.
JAMES BRough AM, Esq. 4th Parl.
To. Res. 48, Berkeley-square; and
13, Quality - court, Chancery-
lane.
Rel. Brother to the Lord Chan-
cellor Brougham; and to Wil-
liam Brougham, Esq., M. P. for
Southwark.
Re. Off. The Mayor of Kendal.
KENT, County of 4 Knts.
EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 131,545.
* John PEMBERTON PLUMTRE,
E
Sq.
Co. Se. Fredville, same County.
Sir Edward KNATCHBULL, Bart.
5th Parl.
Born 1781.
Mar, 1806, Annabella, daughter of
the late Sir John Honeywood,
Bart.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Mercham Hatch, Kent.
Contested Election.
Plumtre 3575
Knatchbull 3246
Sir W. Cosway 2779
WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 186,834.
THoMAs LAw Hodges, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 16, Suffolk-place.
Co. Se. Hemstead, Kent.
KERRY SHIRE, Ireland. 2 Knts.
* CHARLEs O'Connell, Esq.
Co. Se. Balross, same County.
Rel. Son-in-law to Daniel O'Con-
nell, Esq. M. P. for the City of
Dublin.

FREDERICK-WM. MULLINs, Esq.
Mar. 1826, Lucia, eldest daughter of
the late Capt. Wm. Broughton,
R. N. C. B.
Off. A Major in the Army.
Co. Se. Beaufort House, same Co.
Rel. Cousin to Baron Ventry, I. P.
* KIDDERM INSTER, Bo-
rough of Worcestershire. l Bs.
Pop. 20,165; househ. 500.
RICHARD Godson, Esq. 2d Parl.
Prof. A Barrister at Law.
To. Res. 22, Upper Woburn-place,
Russell-square, and Inner Temple
Hall Staircase.
Contested Election.
Godson . . 173
Philips - . 159
KILDARE-SHIRE, Ireland.
2 Knts.
* Edward RUTHvKN, Esq.
Co. Se. Ballyfan-house, same Co.
Rel. Son of E. S. Ruthven, Esq.
M. P. for Dublin City.
Richard MoRE O'FERRAL, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Ballyna, same County.
KILKENNYSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Knts.
* The Hon. PIERCE BUTLER.
JBorn 1774.
Mar. 1800, Anne, daughter of the
late Thomas Marsh, Esq.
Off. A Colonel in the Army.
Rel. Brother to the Earl of Kil-
kenny, I. P.
D 2
RING
KNAR
( 23 )
* WILLIAM FRANCIS FINN, Esq.
Rel. Brother-in-law to Dan. O'Con-
nell, Esq. M. P. for Dublin
City.
KILKENNY, Borough of Ire-
land. I Bs.
* RICHARD SULLIVAN, Esq.
Scot-
1 Com.
The Hon. HUGH ARBUTHNOT, C.B.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
%. A Major-General in the Army,
o. Res. 19, Dorset-street, Baker-
Street.
Co. Se. Hatton, same County.
Rel. Brotherto Viscount Arbuthnot.
KINCARDINESHIRE,
land.
KING'S COUNTY, Ireland.
2 Knts.
* NICHOLAs FITZSIMON, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Castle Wood, same County.
Lond OxMANTown. 5th Parl.
N & S. William Parsons.
Born 1800.
Off. Lord Lieutenant of the County.
'o. Se, Birr Castle, Parson's Town,
same County.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Rosse,
I. P.
KING'S-LYNN, Borough of,
Norfolk. 2 Bss.
Pop. 13,370; househ. 660.
LoRD GEoRGE-FREDERICK-CAven-
DISH BENTINck. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
%. A Major in the Army.
o. Res. I9, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Welbeck, Notts, and Orange
Farm, Norfolk.
Rel. Third son of the Duke of Port-
land.
Lord WILLIAM-PITT LENNox.
2d Parl.
Born 1799.
To. Res. 30, Regent-street.
Rºl. Bro. to the Duke of Richmond.
KINGSTON – UPON - HULL,
Borough and County of, Yorº,
2 Bs.
Pop. 46,426; househ. 3,133.
*MATTHEw DAvenport HILL, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister at Law.
To. Res. 44, Chancery-lane.
* WILLIAM HUTT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 54, Conduit-street.
Mar, the Countess Dowager of
Strathmore.
Contested Election.
Hill - . 1674
Hutt - 1610
Carruthers 1429
Acland . . 433
KINSALE, Borough of Cork-
shire, Ireland. 1 Bs,
* SAMPson STAwÉLL, Esq.
Off: A Lieutenant-Colonel of the
12th Royal Lancers.
KIRKCUDBRIGHT, Stewartry
of Scotland. 1 Com.
RoBERT CUTLAR FERGUson, Esq.
4th Parl.
Prof. A Barrister at Law.
Off. An East India Director.
To. Res. 17, Great Cumberland-
Street.
Co. Se. Orroland, Kirkcudbright,
and Craigdarroch, Dumfriesshire.
KIRKWALL, WICK, DOR-
NOCH, DINGWALL, TAIN,
and CROMARTY. A District of
Scottish Burghs. 1 Com,
JAMEs Loch, Esq. 4th Parl"
An East Hºorneo.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 23, Hart-street, Blooms-
bury.
Co. Se. Wimbledon Common, Sur-
rey.
KNARESBOROUGH, York-
shire. 2 Bs.
Pop. 6253; househ. 369.
* John Richards, Esq.
To. Res, 13, Cadogan-place.

LANC
LEED
(29 )
* BENJAMIN Rorch, Esq.
To. Res. 8, Sidmouth-street, Gray's
Inn-lane, and 1, Furnival's Inn.
Co. Se. Lowlands, Harrow-on-the-
Hill, County of Middlesex.
* LAMBETH, Parish of Surrey.
2 Bss.
Pop. 154,613; househ. 16,405.
The Rt. Hon. CHARLEs TENNyson.
6th Parl.
%. Clerk of the Ordnance.
o. Res. 4, Park-street, West-
minster.
Co. Se. Cainby Hall, Lincolnshire.
* BENJAMIN HAwes, the Younger,
Esq.
Res. Lambeth.
Contested Election.
Tennyson 2632
Hawes - . 2093
D. Wakefield . 762
Geo. Moore 174
LANARKSHIRE, Scotland.
Com.
* John MAxwell, Jun. Esq.
Co. Se. Pollock.
LAN CASTER, County Palatine
4
of. Rnts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 258,199.
John WILsoN PATTEN, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Winmarley, same County.
The Right Hon. EDw-GEOEFREy-
SMITH STANLEY. 4th Parl.
Born 1799.
Mar. 1825, Emma-Caroline, second
daughter of Lord Skelmersdale.
Off: A Privy Councillor in Eng-
land and Ireland.
Chief Secretary of State for Ire-
land.
To. Res. 5, Carlton-gardens.
Co. Se. Knowlsley, same County.
Rel. Son of Baron Stanley; grand-
son of the Earl of Derby.
southERN DIVISION.
Pop. 392,432.
* GEORGE WILLIAM Wood, Esq.
President of the Manchester Cham-
ber of Commerce.
Co. Se. Singleton Lodge, same Co.
* Viscount MolyNEUx.
JBorn 1796.
M. & S. Charles-William Molyneux.
To. Res. 21, Arlington-street.
Bldest son of the Earl of Sefton.

Contested Election.
Wood - . 5694
Molyneux . . 5576
Sir Thos. Hesketh 3082
LAN CASTER, Borough of Lan-
cashire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 12,613; househ. 658.
THoMAs GREENE, Esq. 5th Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Co. Se. Whittington Hall, near
Kirkby Lonsdale, Lancashire.
PATRICK MAxwell, STUART, Esq.
3d Parl.
To. Res. 11, Upper Brook-street.
LAUNCESTON, Borough of,
Duchy of Cornwall. I B.S.
Pop. 5394; househ. 327.
The Right Hon. Sir HENRY HAR-
DINGE, K.C.B. 4th Parl.
Off: A Major-Gen. in the Army.
A Privy Councillor.
To. Res. 11, Whitehall-place.
Co. Se. Retton, Durham.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Marquess of
Londonderry.
Contested Election.
Sir H. Hardinge 115
D. Howell, Esq. 108
* LEEDS, Borough of, Yorkshire.
2 Bss.
Pop. 123,393; househ. 6683,
* JoHN MARSHALL, Esq.
Born 1797.
Occ. A Manufacturer of Leeds.
To. Res. 34, Hill-st., Berkeley-sq.
Co. Se. Hallsteads, near Penrith,
Cumberland, and Headingley,
near Leeds.
Rel. Bro-in-law to F. L. B. Dykes,
Esq., M. P. for Cockermouth.
D 3

I, EIC
LEWE
( 30 )
THoMAs BABINGToN MACAULAY,
Esq. 4th Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 8, South-squ., Gray's—inn.
Contested Election.
Marshall . , 2012
Macauley 1984
M. T. Sadler . iś06
LEICESTER-SHIRE. 4 Knts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 84,069.
LoRD Robert WILLIAM MANNERs.
7th Parl.
JBorn 1781.
Off. A Major-Gen. in the Army,
and Lieut.-Col. of the 3d Regt.
of Dragoons.
Co. Se. Belvoir, Leicestershire.
Rel. Youngest brother to the Duke
of Rutland.
CHARLEs MARCH PHILLIPs, Esq.
2d Parl.
To. Res. 16, Suffolk-street.
Co. Se. Garrenden Park, same Co.
Rel. Brother to S. M. Phillips,
Joint Under Secretary of State.
Contested Election.
Lord R. Manners 2127
C. M. Phillips 1647
General Johnstone . 719
SOUTHERN DIVISION.
* HENRY HALFoRD, Esq.
Rel. Son of Sir Henry Halford;
nephew to Baron Vaughan.
Co. Se. Newton Harcourt, same Co.
* Edward D.Awson, Esq.
Co. Se. Walton House, same Co.
LEICESTER, Borough of Lei-
cestershire 2 Bss.
Pop. 40,512; househ. 1900.
WILLIAM Evans, Esq.
Occ. A Manufacturer.
To. Res. 42, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Allestree Hall, Derby-
shire.
3d Parl.
WYNNE ELLIs, Esq. 2d Parl.
Occ. A Wholesale Linendraper,
Ludgate-hill.
To. Res. Cadogan-place.
Contested Election.
Evans - 1671
Ellis 1527
Leigh 1291
* LEITH, PORTO BELLO,
and MUSSELBURGH, Burghs of,
near Edinburgh. 1 Com.
* JoHN ARCHIBALD MURRAY, Esq.
Prof. An Advocate of the Scottish
Bar.
LEITRIM-SHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kmts.
* Wiscount CLEMENTs.
Born 1805.
N. & S. Robert Birmingham Cle-
ments, of Rynne.
Rel. Eld. son of the Earl of Leitrim,
I. P. (Baron Clements, U. K.)
SAMUEL WHITE, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off: A Colonel in the Army.
Co. Se. Headford.
LEOMINSTER, Borough of
Herefordshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 5249; househ. 195.
The Right Hon. Baron HotHAM,
I. P
- - - 4th Parl.
Born 1794.
N. & S. Beaumont Hotham.
Qff. A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 7, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. South Dalton Hall, near
Beverley, Yorkshire.
* Thom As Bish, Esq.
A Stock Broker.
To. Res. Cornhill, London.
LEWES, Borough of Sussea.
2 Bss.
Pop. 6353; househ. 832.
THoMAs-READ KEMP, Esq.
7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Dale Park, Sussex.
LIME
LINC
( 31 )
Sir CHARLEs RICHARD BLUNT, Bt.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Born 1775.
Mar. 1824, Sophia, daughter of
Richard Barker, Esq. and relict
of Richard Auchmuty, Esq. of
Bengal.
To, Res. 35, Mortimer-street.
Co. Se. Heathfield Park, Sussex.
LICHFIELD, City of Stafford-
shire. 2 Cits.
Pop. 6499; househ. 420.
Sir Edward Doi, MAN Scott, Bart.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Mar. 1815, Catherine Juliana,
eldest daughter and co-heiress of
the late Sir Hugh Bateman,
Bart.
Co. Se. Great Burr Hall, Stafford.
Sir GEORGEANson, K.C.B. & K.T.S.
10th Parl.
Mar. 1800, Frances, daughter of
the late John Hamilton, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Off. A Lieut.-Gen. and Colonel
of the 4th Dragoons.
To. Res. 5, Bulstrode-street.
Co. Se. Rushall Hall, Staffordshire.
Rel. Uncle to the Earl of Lich-
field.
Contested Election.
Sir E. Scott . . 497
Sir G. Anson . 372
Francis Finch . 167
LIMERICKSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kmts.
The Hon. RICHARD HobART Fitz-
GIBBON. 6th Parl.
Mar. 1825, Diana, eldest daughter
of the late Charles Woodcock,
Esq.
Off: Governor of Limerickshire;
a Colonel of the Limerick Mi-
litia.
To. Res. 44, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Mount Shannon, same
county.
y
Rel, Bro. to the Earl of Clare.
The Hon. STANDISH O'GRADy.
4th Parl.
Mar. 1828, Gertrude Jane, daughter
of the Hon. Berkeley Paget.
Off. A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 11, Queen-street, May-
fair.
Co. Se. Caher-Guillamore, same
county.
Rel. Eldest son of Viscount Guil-
lamore, J. P., Lord Chief Baron
of the Irish Exchequer.


LIMERICK, City of,
* WILLIAM Roche, Esq.
Res. The City of Limerick.
2 Cits.
* DAVID Roche, Esq.
Co. Se, Carass, Co. of Limerick.
LIN COLNSHIRE. 4 Knts.
PARTS OF LINDSAY.
Pop. 173,219.
The Hon. CHARLEs ANDERson
WoRSLEY PELHAM. 3d Parl.
Born 1809.
Mar. 1831, the Hon. Adelaide
Maude, dr. of Lord Hawarden.
Eldest son of Baron Yarborough.
To. Res. 48, Charles-street, Berke-
ley-square.
Co. Se. Manby Brigg, Lincolnshire.
Sir WILLIAM AMcotts INGILBy, Bt.
5th Parl.
Born 1783.
Mar. 1812, Louisa, daughter of J.
Atkinson, Esq., of Maple-Hayes,
Co. Stafford.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 19, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Kettlethorpe, Lincolnshire,
and Ripley Castle, Co. of York.

Contested Election.
Hon. C. A. W. Pelham. 6561
Sir William Ingilby 4751
Sir Robert Sheffield 40.56
PARTS OF KIZSTEVEN AND HOLLAND.
Pop. 144,025.
* HENRY HANDLEY, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Calverthorpe Hall.

LINL
LOND
( 32 )
GILBERT John HEATHcote, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Stocken Hall, Co. of Rut-
land.
LINCOLN, City and County of,
2 Cits.
Pop. 11,892; househ. 652.
GEoRGE FIEscHI HENEAGE, Esq.
2d Parl.
Hotel, 45,
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Raggett's
Dover-street.
Co. Se. Hainton, Lincolnshire.
Edward GEORGE EARLE Lytton
BULwer, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. 36 B, Hertford-street,
May-fair,
Rel. Brother to Henry Lytton
Bulwer, Esq. M. P. for Co-
ventry.
This gentleman is the Editor of the
New Monthly Mag., and author
of “Pelham” and other novels,
Contested Election.
Heneage - 543
Bulwer - 498
Colonel Sibthorp . 402
LINLITHGOW-SHIRE(or W.
Lothian), Scotland. 1 Com.
The Hon. Sir ALExANDER HoPE,
G.C.B. (of Craighall)
10th Parl.
Born 1769.
Mar. 1805, Georgiana, daughter of
George Brown, Esq.
Off. A Lieut.-General and Colonel
of the 47th regt. ; Lieut.-Gov.
of Chelsea Hospital.
Res. Chelsea College.
Rel. Uncle to the Earl of Hope-
toun.
* LINLITHG O W, LAN ARK,
FALKIRK, AIRDRIE, AND
HAMILTON, a New District of
Scottish Boroughs. l Com.
WILLIAM Down E GILLON, Esq.
2d Parl.
Co. Se. Wallhouse, Selkirkshire.
LISBURNE, Borough of, An-
l Bs.
trimshire, Ireland.
HENRY MEYNELL, Esq. 4th Parl.
%. A Captain in the Royal Navy.
o. Res. 35, Grosvenor-street.
Rel, Cousin to the Marquess of
Hertford.
LISKEARD, Borough of Duchy
of Cornwall. l Bs.
Pop. 4042; househ. 315.
CHARLEs BULLER, Jun. Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner and East India
Proprietor.
Prof. Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 61, Lincoln's Inn Fields.
Co, Se, Dollellan, Cornwall.
LIVERPOOL, Boroughof, Lan-
cashire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 165,175; househ. 17,427.
WILLIAM EwART, Esq. 3d Parl.
Prof. Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 16, Eaton-place, Belgrave-
square.
Viscount SANDoN. 5th Parl.
N. & S. Dudley-Ryder,
JBorn 1798.
Mar, 1823, Frances, fourth daught.
of the Marquess of Bute.
To. Res. 41, Grosvenor-street.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Har-
rowby; brother-in-law to Wiscount

Ebrington.
Contested Election.
Ewart 4858
Sandon . - . 4154
Thornley - . 4013
Sir Howard Douglas 3.192
LONDON, City of, Middleser.
4 Cºts.
Pop. 122,799; househ. 14,564.
* GEoRGE GROTE, Esq.
Occ. A Banker in London, of the
firm of Grote, Prescott, and Co.
To. Res, 62, Threadneedle-street.
N. B. ALDERMAN WAITH MAN, the
2d member elected, died on the 15th
Febuary, 1833.
LOND
LYME
( 33 )
MATTHEw Wood, Esq., 7th Parl.
Occ. A Merchant of London.
Off. An Alderman of the City.
To. Res. 24, Great George-street,
Westminster.
Co. Se. Little Strawberry Hill,
Middlesex.
* Sir John KEY, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Mar., 1814, Charlotte, youngest
daughter of Francis Green, Esq.
of Denmark Hill and of Dorking,
Surrey.
Occ, A Wholesale Stationer in
London.
Off. An Alderman of the City.
Twice Lord Mayor of London,
during the years 1831 and 1832.
To, Res. Abchurch-lane.
Co. Se. Denmark Hill, (Jamber-
well, Surrey; Thornbury, Glou-
cestershire.
Contested Election.
Grote - 8412
Waithman - 7488
Wood - . 7452
Key - , 61.36
George Lyall . 5152
Michael Scales . 569
LONDONDERRY-SHIRE,
Ireland. 2 Knts,
Sir Rob FRT BATEson, Bart.
Born 1782.
Mar., 1811, Catherine, youngest
daughter of the late Samuel Dick-
son, Esq., of Ballymaguile, Co.
of Limerick.
Co. Se. Magherafelt, same county;
Belvoir and Moira Parks, Down-
shire.
THEoBALD Jones, Esq.
A Land Owner. -
Off. A Captain in the Roy. Navy.
0. Res. 51, Curzon-street, May-
fair.
Co. Se. Boragh, Londonderryshire.
LONDONDERRY, City f
Cit.
Sir RoberT ALExANDER FERGU-
son, Bart. 3d Parl.
Co. Se. The Farm, in the liberties
of the City.
LONGFORD-SHIRE, Ireland.
2 Knts.
* LUKE WHITE, Esq.
Co. Se. Rathcline, same county.
* JAMEs ALPIN RocKE, Esq.
Co. Se. Johnstown House, Co. of
Meath.
LOUTH-SHIRE, Ireland.
Knts.
* THoMAs FITzgERALD, Esq.
Co. Se. Fanevalley.
* RICHARD MonTEsquieu BELLEw,
sq.
Co. Se. Barmeath.
LUDLOW, Borough of, Shrop-
shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 5253; househ, 514.

Wiscount CLIvE. 9th Parl.
Born 1785.
Mar., 1818, Lucy, third daughter
of the Duke of Montrose.
N. & S. Edward Herbert.
A Land Owner.
Off. Lord Lieut. of Montgomery-
shire.
Co. Se. Powis Castle Montgo-
meryshire
Rel. Eldest Son of the Earl of
Powis; son-in-law to the Duke
of Montrose.
* Edward Romilly, Esq.
To. Res. 49, Weymouth-street.
Rel. Son of the late Sir Samuel
Romilly; bro. to John Romilly,
Esq., M. P. for Bridport.
Contested Election.
Viscount Clive . 198
E. Romilly . . 185
Hon. R. Clive . 169
Mr. Davies . . 115
LYME REGIS, Borough of,
1 Bs.
Dorsetshire.
Population, 3345.
* WILLIAM PINNEy, Esq.
To. Res. 30, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se, Somerton House, Somerton,
Co. of Somerset.
MAID
MALT
( 34 )
LY MING TON, Borough of,
Hants. 2 Bss.
Pop. 5472; househ. 189.
* Sir HARRY BURRARD NEALE,
Bart., G.C.B.
Mar. 1795, Grace-Elizabeth, dr. of
the late Robert Neale, Esq., of
Shaw House, Co. Wilts.
To. Res. 19, Charles-street, St.
James's.
Co. Se. Walhampton, Hants,-an
estate granted by Henry VIII.
to the Earl of Southampton,
from whose descendants it passed
to the Earls of Arundel, thence
came into the possession of the
Burrards towards the close of the
15th century, and has ever since
been their principal residence.
* John STEwART, Esq.
To. Res. 3, D. Albany.
Contested Election.
Neale - . 157
Stewart - . 129
Captain Blakiston . 77
* MACCLESFIELD, Borough
of, Cheshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 23,129; househ. 1100.
* John Ryle, Esq.
* JoHN BRockLEHURST, the
Younger, Esq.
Contested Election.
Ryle - 443
Brocklehurst . 402
Grimsditch - . 186
Returning Off. The Mayor.
M AIDST ONE, Borough of,
Rent. 2 Bss.
Pop. 15,387; househ. 1417.
ABRAHAM WILDEY RobARTs, Esq.
5th Parl.
Occ. A Banker and East India
Proprietor.
To. Res. 26, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Roehampton, Surrey.
CHARLEs JAMEs BARNETT, º
2d Parl.
Occ. A Banker.
'o. Res. 4, Dorset-square.
Contested Election.
Robarts - . 500
Barnett - . 469
Wyndham Lewis, Esq. 422
MALDON, Borough of Esser.
2 Bss.
Pop. 4895; househ. 147.

Thomas BARRETT LENNARD, Esq.
5th Parl.
To. Res. 38, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Rottingdean, near Brighton.
Rel. Eldest son of Sir Thomas
Lennard, Bart., M. P. for the
County of Essex.
QUINTIN Dick, Esq. 7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Occ. An East India Proprietor.
'o. Res. 20, Curzon-street, May-
fair.
Contested Election.
Lennard
Dick -
Peter Wright

447
417
277
MALLOW, Borough of Cork-
or
shire. 1 Bs.
*WILLIAM Joseph O’NEIL DAUNT,
Esq.
Co. Se. Kilkaskan, Co. of Cork.
MALMESBURY, Borough of,
Wilts. 1 Bs.
Pop. 6185; househ. 351.
* Viscount ANDover.
N. & S. Charles John Howard.
JBorn 1804.
Mar. 1829, Isabella, 2d dr. of the
late Lord Henry Howard.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of
Suffolk and Berkshire.
MALTON, Borough of, York-
shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 6802; househ. 397.
CHARLEs CHRISTop HER PEPys, Esq.
To. Res. 48, Queen Anne-street,
and 13, New- square, Lincoln’s-
1nn.
Co. Se. Copse Hall, Wimbledon.
MARL
MEAT
( 35 )
* WILLIAM CHARLEs WENTwoRTH
FITzwilliamſ, Esq.
JBorn 1812.
Rel. Eldest son of Viscount Milton,
M. P. for Northamptonshire,
grandson of Earl Fitzwilliam.
* MANCHESTER, Boroughof,
Lancashire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 187,022; househ. 12,723.
* MARK PHILLIPs, Esq.
The Rt. Hon. CHARLEs Poui, ETT
Thomson.
Off. A Privy Councillor.
President of the Board of Trade.
To. Res. 9, Somerset-place, and
Navy Pay Office, Somerset
House.
Returning Off. The Boroughreeve
and Constables of Manchester.
Mr. Poulett Thomson has also been
chosen for Dover, but has made his
election for this new and populous
Borough.
Contested Election.
Phillips . 2923
Thomson - , 2069
L. Lloyd - 1832
T. Hope 1560
W. Cobbett 1305
M.A. R. L. B O R O R O U GH,
Borough of, Wilts. 2 Bss.
Pop. 4186; househ. 299.
*LoRDERNESTAUGUSTUs-CHARLEs
BRUCE.
Born 1811.
N.&S. Augustus Charles Brudenell.
To. Res. 41, Grosvenor-square.
Rel. 2d son of the Marquess of
Ailesbury.
HENRY BINGHAM BARING, Esq.
2d Parl.
To. Res. 13, Eaton-place, Bel-
grave-square.
Contested Election.
Lord E. Bruce . 135
H. B. Baring . 118
Sir Alexander Malet 73
MARLOW, (Great) Borough of
Bucks. 2 Bss.
Pop. 6162; househ. 349.
THoMAs PEERs WILLIAMs ;
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 41, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Temple House, Co. Berks.
* WILLIAM Robert CLAyton, Esq.
of Great Marlow.
Off. A Colonel in the Army.
* MARYLEBONE, Parish of,
2 Bss.
Pop. 240,294; househ. 21,630.
Edward BERKELEY PortMAN, Esq.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Bryanstone House, near
Blandford, Dorsetshire.
Rel, Son-in-law to the Earl of
Harewood.
Sir WILLIAM HoRNE, Knt. 3d Parl.
Prof. A Chancery Barrister.
% His Majesty's Attorney-Gen.
o. Res. 49, Upper Harley-street;
and 19, Old-square, Lincoln’s-

Inn.
cº Se. Epping House, near Hert-
Otol.
Contested Election.
Portman - . 4317
Horne - . 3320
Sir Samuel Whalley 2165
Murphy - . 913
Colonel Jones . 316
MAYOSHIRE, Ireland. 2 Knts.
Dominick Brown E, Esq. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off Governor of the County.
Co. Se. Castle Mountgarret, same
County.
Rel. Uncle to Viscount Dillon, I. P.
John BRowNE, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se.. Westport House, same Co.
MEATHSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Knts.
* HENRY GRATTAN, Esq.
Co. Se. Moyrath, same County.
* MoRGAN O'Connell, Esq.
Res. Merrion-square, City of Dublin.
MONA
MONT
( 36 )
MERIONETHSHIRE, North
Wales. 1 Knt.
Pop. 35,609.
Sir Robert WILLIAMs-VAugh AN,
Bart. 12th Parl.
Mar. 1801, Anna Maria, dr. of the
late Sir Roger Mostyn, Bart
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Nauman, same County.
MERTHYR TYDWIL, Borough
of, Glamorgansh. S. Wales. 1 Bs.
Pop. 22,083; househ. 830.
Josiah John GUEST, Esq. 2d Parl.
MIDDLESEX, County of
2 Kmts.
Pop. 1,358,541; constituency 6939.
Joseph HUME, Esq. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner and an East India
Proprietor.
To. Res. 6, Bryanstone-square.
Co. Se. Sommerton Hall, Norfolk.
GEoRGE By Ng, Esq. 13th Parl.
To. Res. 5, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Wrotham Park, near Barnet,
Middlesex.
Rel. Cousin to Lord Torrington,
Contested Election.
Hume - . 3575
Byng - , 3489
Sir Charles Forbes . 1713
Sir J. S. Lillie 1157
MIDHURST, Borough of, Susser.
1 Bs.
Pop. 5627; househ. 339.
The Hon. FREDERICKSPENCER, C.B.
2d Parl.
Born 1798.
Mar, 1830, Miss Poyntz, second
ºteroſ Wm. Stephen Poyntz,
sq.
º A Captain in the Royal Navy.
o, Res.6, King-street, St. James's.
Rel. Third son of Earl Spencer;
brother to Viscount Althorp.
MONAGHANSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kmts.
The Hon. CAdwallADER DAvis
BLAYNEy. 3d Parl.
Born 1803.
Now Lond BLAYNEY, an Irish Peer,
having succeeded to the title on the
death of his father, January, 1833.
Louis PERRIN, Esq. 2d Parl'
Res. Granby-row, City of Dublin.
Off. One of His Majesty's Ser-
jeant's-at-Law.
MONMOUTHSHIRE. 2 Knts.
Pop. 98,130.
LoRD GRANville-CHARLEs-HEN-
Ry Sonſ ERSET. 6th Parl,
Born 1792.
Mar. 1822, Emily, daughter of Lord
Carrington.

% A Privy Councillor.
o, Res. Whitehall-yard.
Rel. Second son of the Duke of
Beaufort; brother to the Marquess
of Worcester.
WILLIAM ADDAMS WILLIAMs, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Llangibby Castle, same
County.
MONMOUTH, NEW PORT,
and USK, Boroughs of, Monmouth-
shire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 11,163; househ. 1140.
BENJAMIN HALL, Esq.
Co. Se. Lanover.
Contested Election.
Hall - . 383
Marquess of Worcester 358
2d Parl.
MONTGOMERYSHIRE, N.
Wales. I Knt.
Pop. 66,485.
The Rt. Hon. CHARLEs-WATKIN-
WILLIAMs WYNN, D.C.L. and
F.S.A. 11th Parl.
Born 1775-
A Land Owner.
Mar. 1806, Mary, eldest daughter of
Sir Foster Cunliffe, Bart.
ºff. A Privy Councillor.
To. Res. 20, Grafton-street, Bond-
Street.
Co. Se. Llangedwin, same Co.
Rel. Bro. to Sir Watkin-Williams
Wynn, Bart., M.P. for Denbigh-
shire; nephew to Baron Gren-
ville.
NEWC
NEWR
( 37 )
MONTGOMERY, Borough of,
including Llanidloes, Welsh Pool, Ma-
chynlleth, Llanfyllin, and Newtown.
1 Bs.
Pop. 18,680; househ. 780.
* DAVID Pugh, Esq.
Contested Election.
Pugh - . 337
Edwards . . .324
MORPETH, Borough of North-
umberland. 1 Bs.
Pop. 6678; househ. 446.
The Hon. WILLIAM - GEORGE
HowARD. 3d Parl.
Born 1808.
To. Res. 5, Wilton-place, Knights-
bridge.
Rel. Third son of the Earl of Car-
lisle; brother to Viscount Mor-
peth, M. P. for Yorkshire,
NEWARK - UPON-TRENT,
Borough of, Nottinghamshire. 2 Bss.
* WILLIAM Edward GLADstoNE,
Esq.
WILLIAM FARNworkTH HANDLEY,
Esq. 3d Parl.
To. Res. Stevens’s Hotel, 11, Clif-
ford-street.
Contested Election.
Gladstone - - -
Handley . - ... 793
Serjeant Wilde . 719
N E W C A S T L E-U ND E R-
LYME, Borough of, Staffordshire.
2 Bss.
WILLIAM HENRY MILLER, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Craigentinny, County of
Edinburgh; and Britwell-house,
Bucks.
Sir HENRY Poll,ARD WILLough By,
Bart.
JBorn 1796.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 20, Cork-street.
Co. Se. Baldon-house, County of
Oxford.
Contested Election,
W. H. Miller - . 607
Sir H. P. Willoughby . 587
Edmund Peel, Esq. 478
NEWCASTLE – UPON - TYNE,
Borough of, Northumberland. 2Bss.
Sir MATTHEw - WHITE – RIDLEY,
Bart. 8th Parl.
Born 1778.
Mar. 1803, Laura, youngest daughter
of George Hawkins, Esq.
Occ. A Banker in Newcastle.
To. Res. 10, Carlton-house-terrace.
Co. Se, Heaton-hall, and Blagdon-
house, Northumberland.
John Hodgson, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 19, Parliament-street.
Co. Se. Alnwick-house, Newcastle.
Contested Election.
Sir M. Ridley 2001
Hodgson 1674
Attwood - 1099
NEWPORT, Borough of Isle of
Wight. 2 Bss.
John HEywood HAwkINs, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 16, Suffolk-street.
Co. Se. Bignor Park, County of
Sussex.
WILLIAM HENRY ORD, Esq.
7th Parl.
To. Res. 17, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Whitfield-hall, County of
Northumberland.
Contested Election.
Hawkins . . . 216
Ord - - . 206
Sir Willoughby Gordon 158
NEWRY, Borough of Downshire.
I Bs.
* LoRD ARTHUR MARcus CECIL
HILL.
Born 1798.

To. Res. 20, Arlington-street.
Co. Se. Hillsborough, Co. Down.
Rel, Brother to the Marquess of
Downshire; son of the Baroness
Sandys.
E.
NORF
NORT
( 38 )
NORFOLK, County of 4 Knts.
WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 146,676.
Sir WILLIAM - JoHN - HENRY -
BRowNE Folkes, Bart. 3d Parl.
Born 1786.
Mar. 1818, Charlotte, youngest
daughter of Dominick G. Browne,
Esq., of Castle Mont-Garrett,
Ireland, M.P. for Mayo.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 30, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Hillington-hall, and Cong-
ham-lodge, Norfolk.
Sir William succeeded to the title, as
2d Bart. on the demise of his
father, 1821. He was nominated
on the present occasion by the
late Member, T. W. Coke, Esq.
of Holkham, who sat in the
House of Commons for this
County 47 years.
* Sir JAcob Astley, Bart., D.C.L.
Born 1797.
Mar. 1819, Georgiana Caroline,
daughter of Sir H. W. Dashwood,
Bart.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 7, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Melton Constable, Dere-
ham, Norfolk; and Seaton De-
laval, Northumberland.
EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 142,109.
* WILLIAM Howe WINDHAM, Esq.
Rel. Eldest son of Vice-Admiral
William Windham.
Co. Se. Felbrigg Hall, said County.
* The Hon. GEO, THoMAs KEPPEL.
Born 1799.
Mar. 1831, Susan, daughter of Sir
Coutts Trotter, Bart.
Off. A Major in the Army.
o. Res. 14, Hertford-street, May-
fair.
Rel. Second son of the Earl of Albe-
marle.
Author of “ Travels to India,” and
several works of great merit.
Contested Election.
Windham . 3279
Keppel . - . 3264
N. Peach, Esq. . . 2940
Lord H. Cholmondeley 2844
N OR THALLERTON, Bo-
rough of 1 Bs.
Pop. 4839; househ. 294.

* J. G. Ross, Esq.
Off. A Captain in the Army.
Contested Election.
Ross - - ... 108
Wrightson - . 97
NORTHAMPTONSHIRE.
4 Knts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 82,060.
Viscount MILTON. 2d Parl.
(Now EARL FITzwill.IAM, in conse-
quence of the death of the late vene-
rable earl, Feb. 8th, 1833.)
WACANT.
LoRD BRUDENELL. 6th Parl.
N. & S. James-Thomas-Brudenell.
Born 1797.
Mar. 1826, Elizabeth Jane-Hen-
rietta, eldest daughter of Admiral
Tollemache.
A Land Owner.
%. A Major in the 8th Dragoons.
o. Res. 17, Carlton-house-terrace.
Co. Se. Brooksby-hall, Leicester-
shire.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Car-
digan,
Contested Election.
Milton . - 1562
Brudenell 1541
Hanbury 1455
Tryon 1269
SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 77,894.
The Rt. Hon. Viscount ALTHORPE.
7th Parl.
N. & S. John-Charles-Spencer.
Born 1782.
Mar. 1814, Esther, daughter to, and
heiress of Richard Acklom, Esq.

NORT ( 39 ) NOTT
of Wiseton-hall, County of Not- SOUTH DIVISION.
tingham.
A Land Owner. Pop. 156,708.
Off. Chancellor of His Majesty's Ev- || THOMAs WENTwoRTH BEAUMONT,
chequer. Esq. 6th Parl.
A Privy Councillor. ..
To. Res. 12, Downing-street. A. º and an East India

Co. Se. Wiseton-hall, Bawtry, York-
shire, and Althorpe, same County.
Rel. Eldest son of Earl Spencer.
WILLIAMRALPH CARTwright, Esq.
11th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off: A Lieut.-General in the Army.
Co. Se. Aynho, same County.
Rel. Uncle to Viscount Chetwynd.
NORTHAMPTON, Borough of.
2 Bss.
Pop. 15,351; househ. 1067.
RoBERT - VERNoN SMITH, Esq.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off: A Lord of the Treasury.
To. Res. 20, Saville-street.
Co. Se. Farmingwoods, co. of
Northampton.
Rel. Cousin to Baron Holland.
CHARLEs Ross, Esq. 5th Parl.
A West India Proprietor.
To. Res. 60, Portland-place.
Rel. Son-in-law to Earl Cornwallis.
Contested Election.
Smith 1311
Ross - - 1273
Geo. Bainbridge, Esq. 1191
Hon. C. Fitzroy . 961
N OR THUMBERLAND,
County of. 4 Knts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 66,204.
Viscount Howick. 3rd Parl.
N. & S. Henry Grey.
Born 1802.
Off. Joint Under Secretary for the
Colonies.
To. Res. 16, Whitehall-place.
Co. Se. Howick, Northumberland.
Rel. Eldest son of Earl Grey.
* LoRD Ossulston.
N. & S. Charles Bennett.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Tan-
kerville.
To. Res. 24, St. James’s-place.
Co. Se. By-well Hall, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne; and Hexham Abbey,
co. of Northumberland.
MATTHEw BELL, Esq. 4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 35, Wimpole-street.
Co. Se. Wolsington, Newcastle-
upon-Tyne.
NORWICH, City and County of,
Norfolk. 2 Cits.
Wiscount STORMONT. 3d Parl.
JBorn 1806.
N. & S. William David Murray.
Mar., 1829, Louisa, 3d dr. of Cuth-
bert Ellison, Esq.
To. Res. 38, Jermyn-street.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Mans-
field.

Sir JAMEs ScARLETT, Knt. 3d Parl.
To. Res.4, New-street, Spring-gar-
dens, and 2, King's Bench-walk,
Temple.
Co. Se. Abinger Hall, near Dork-
ing, Surrey.
Rel. Father-in-law to Sir John
Campbell, His Majesty's Soli-
citor-General.
Contested Election.
Viscount Stormont 2034
Sir J. Scarlett . 1967
Bellenden Ker, Esq. 1749
R. H. Gurney, Esq. 1741
NOTTINGHAMSHIRE.
4 Knts.
NORTH-WEST DIVISION.
Pop. 153,244.
Viscount LUMLEY. 4th Parl.
N. & S. John Saville Lumley.
To. Res. 26, Dorset-square.
Co. Se. Brandon Hall, Suffolk.
Rel. Nephew to the Earl of Scar-
borough.

E 2
OLDH
OXFO
( 40 )
Thomas Houldsworth, Esq.
6th Parl.
Occ. A Cotton Manufacturer.
Res. Manchester.
Contested Election.
Lumley - 1693
Houldsworth 1375
Gardiner 11.83
SouTH-EAST DIVISION.
John EvelyN DENIson, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
* The EARL of LINcolN.
Porn 1811.
N. & S. Henry Pelham Fynes-
Pelham Clinton.
Rel. Eldest son of the Duke of New-
castle.
NOTTINGHAM, Borough of,
Nottinghamshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 50,680; househ. 2950.
Sir RoNALD-CRAwford FERGUson,
G.C.B. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off: A Lieutenant-General and
Colonel of the 79th Foot.
To. Res. 5, Bolton-row, May-fair.
Co. Se. Muir Town, Fifeshire,
Viscount DUNCANNoN. 8th Parl.
N. & S. John William Ponsonby.
Born 1781.
Off. First Commissioner of Woods,
Forests, and Land Revenues.
To. Res. 3, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Roehampton, Surrey.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Bes-
borough; son-in-law to the Earl
of Westmoreland.
Contested Election.
Ferguson 2301
Duncannon - 22.59
Capt. Gordon . 852
* OLDHAM, Borough of Lan-
cashire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 32,318; househ. 1128,
* John FIELDEN, Esq.
Occ. A Merchant of Oldham.
Rel. Bro. to William Fielden, Esq.
M.P. for the new Borough of
Blackburn,
* WILLIAM Cobb ETT, Esq.
Aged 66.
To. Res. St. James's Parade.
Author of “The Political Register,”
and a variety of useful works for
the benefit of the working classes.
ORKNEY and SHETLAND,
Stewartry of, Scotland. I Com.
GEORGE TRAIL, Jun. Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 2, Cleveland-court, St.
James's.
Co. Se. Hobister, Orkney Islands.
OXFORD SHIRE. 3 Knts,
Pop. 151,726.
GEoRGE GRANville HARcourt,
Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 19, Hanover-square.
Rich ARDWEYLAND, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off: A Major in the Army.
Lord Norneys. 2d Parl.
N. & S. Montagu Bertie.
Born 1808.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of
Abingdon.
OXFORD, City of Oron. 2 Cits.
Pop. 18,800; househ. 2389.
John H.Aughton LANGSTON, Esq.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 143, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Sarsgrove, Chipping Nor-
ton, Oxon.
* Thomas Srosor, Esq.
Contested Election.
Langston 1259
Stonor - 950
H. Hughes, Esq. 926
Sir Charles Wetherell 503
OXFORD UNIVERSITY,
Oron. 2 Reps.
Constituency 1300.
THoMAs GRIMston E BuckNALL
Estcount, Esq. D. C. L. (of
Corpus Christi Coll.) 10th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Co. Se. New Park, Wilts, and Est-
court, Gloucestershire.
PEMB
PERT
( 41 )
Sir Robert HARRY INGLIS, Bart.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To, Res. 11, Manchester-buildings.
Co. Se. Battersea Rise, Clapham.
* PAISLEY, Borough of, Ren-
frewshire, Scotland. 1 Com.
* Sir John MAxwell, Bart.
Mar. Hanway-Anne, dr. of Richd.
Gardiner, Esq. of Mount Amelia,
co. of Norfolk.
Co. Se. Nether-Pollock, Renfrew-
shire.
Sir John succeeded to his title, as
7th Baronet, on the decease of his
father in 1785.
PEEBLES-SHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
* Sir John HAy, Bart.
Born 1788, succeeded to the title,
as 6th Bart., at the decease of his
father, 1830.
Co. Se. Smithfield and Hayston,
same county.
PEMBROKESHIRE,
Wales.
Pop. 81,424.
Sir John Owen, Bart. 8th Parl.
Mar., 1830, Mary Frances, 3rd dr.
of Edward Stephenson, Esq. of
Farley Hill, Berks.
Off. Lord Lieutenant of Pembroke-
shire.
Co. Se. Orielton House,
brokeshire.
Sir John is the eldest son of the late
Joseph Lord, Esq. of the county
of Pembroke, by Corbetta, dr. of
Lieut.-Gen. Owen, and assumed
the surname and arms of Owen
upon succeeding to the estates of
Sir Hugh Owen, Bart.
PEMBROKE, MILFORD,
TENBY, and WIST ON, a Dis-
trict of Welsh Boroughs in Pembroke-
shire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 12,366; househ. 682.
Hugh Owen Owen, Esq. 4th Parl
Mar. Angouline, dr. of Sir C. Mor-
gan, Bart. of Tredegar.
Rel. Son of the Member for Pem-
brokeshire.
South
1 Knt.
Pem-
PENRHYN and FALMOUTH,
Boroughs of, Duchy of Cornwall.
2 Bss.
Pop. 11,805; househ. 769.
* Robert Monsey Rolfe, Esq.
To. Res. 8, New-street, Spring-
gardens; and 11, New-square,
Lincoln's Inn.
LoRD TULLAMoR.E. 4th Parl.
N. & S. Charles - William Bury,
F.R.S. & M. R.I.A.
Born 1801.
Mar., 1821, Beaujolois-Harriet-
Charlotte, 3d dr. of the late
Colonel Campbell, of Shawfield,
by Lady Charlotte Campbell, 2d
dr. of the Duke of Argyle.
To. Res. 8, St. George's-place,
Hyde Park corner.
Co. Se. Charleville-forest, Tulla-
more, Wicklowshire, Ireland.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Charle-
ville, I. P.

Contested Election.
Rolfe - - . 453
Lord Tullan,ore . 419
J. W. Freshfield 304
Charles Stuart, Esq. 83
PERTHSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
+
EARL of ORMELIE.
N. & S. John Campbell.
Born 1796.
Mar., 1821, Eliza, eldest dr. of
George Baillie, Esq. of Jervis-
wood.
Co. Se, Taymouth Castle, same co.
Rel. Eldest son of the Marquess of
Breadalbane.
Contested Election.
Earl of Ormelie . 1672
| Sir George Murray 1090
* PERTH, Borough of, Scotland.
1 Com.
* LAURENCE OLIPHANT, Esq.
Co. Se. Condie, Perthshire

Contested Election.
Oliphant 458
Lord James Stuart 205
E 3
PONT
PRES
( 42 )
PETERBOROUGH, City of,
Northamptonshire. 2 Cits.
Pop. 5563; househ. 396.
Sir Robert HERON, Bart. 7th Parl.
Born 1765.
Mar., 1792, Amelia, dr. of Sir
Horatio Mann, of Newark-upon-
Trent, county of Nottingham.
To. Res. 9, St. James's-place.
Co. Se. Stubton Hall, Lincolnshire.
John NICHOLAs FAzAKERLY, Esq.
3d Parl.
To. Res. 26, Upper Brook-street.
PETERSFIELD, Borough of,
Hants. I Bs.
Pop. 4922; househ. 305.
* JoHN GEoRGE SHAw LEFEvKE,
Esq.
To. Res. 7, Fleet-street, Middle
Temple Gate.
Co. Se. Battersea, Surrey.
Contested Election.
Lefevre 103
H. Jolliffe 102
PLYMOUTH, Borough of De-
vonshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 31,080; househ. 2271.
* JoHN Colli ER, Esq.
Occ. An extensive Wine Merchant
at Plymouth.
* THoMAs Bºwes, Esq.
Co. Se. Beaumont, within the Bo-
rough.
PONTEFRACT, Borough of,
Yorkshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 9857; househ. 519.
The Hon. HENRY VALENTINE STAF-
Ford JERNINGHAM. 3d Parl.
JBorn 1802.
Mar. 1829, Julia, dr. of the late
Edward Howard, Esq., F.R.S. ;
and niece to the Duke of Norfolk.
To. Res. 11, Grosvenor-street.
Rel. Eldest son of Baron Stafford.
* John GuILY, Esq.
Co. Se. Ackworth Park, Yorkshire.
POOLE, Borough and county of,
Dorsetshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 6959; househ. 298.
BENJAMIN-LISTER-LISTER, Esq.
8th Parl.
Occ. A Newfoundland merchant.
Off. Mayor of Poole.
The Rt. Hon. Sir John ByNG,
G.C.B. G.C.H.
To. Res. 6, Portman-square.
Off. A Lieut.-Gen. in the Army;
a Privy Councillor in Ireland.
Contested Election.
Lister 282
Sir J. Byng 186
Mr. Tulk 168
PORTARLINGTON, Borough
of, Queen's county, Ireland. I Bs.
* THoMAs GLADsroNE, Esq.
To. Res. 6 A, Albany.
PORTSMOUTH, Borough of,
Hants. 2 Bss.
Pop. 50,389; househ. 463.
John Bon HAM CARTER, Esq.
5th Parl.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
Off. An Alderman of Portsmouth.
FRANCIs THoRNHILL BARING, Esq.
4th Parl.
An East India Proprietor.
Off: A Lord of the Treasury
To. Res. 17, New-street, Spring-
Gardens.
Rel. Son of Sir Thomas Baring,
Bart.
Contested Election.
Carter 826
Baring - 707
Charles Napier 258
PRESTON, Borough of, Lan-
cashire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 33.871; househ. 1277.
* The Hon. HENRY THoxias STAN-
LEY.
Co. Se. Knowsley, Co. of Lan-
Caster.
READ
RETF
( 43 )
Rel. Son of Baron Stanley. grand-
son of the Earl of Derby; bro. to
the Rt. Hon. E. G. S. Stanley,
M.P. for Lancaster.
* PETER HEskETH FLEETwood,
Esq.
Co. Se Rossall, Co. of Lancaster.
Contested Election.
Stanley 3365
Fleetwood 3287
H. Hunt 2053
Capt. Forbes 1927
Crompton - . 117
QUEEN'S COUNTY, Ireland.
2 Knts.
Sir CHARLEs HENRY Coote, Bart.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Mar. Miss Whaley, grand-daughter,
maternally, of the Earl of Clan-
william.
To, Res. 5, Connaught-place.
Co. Se. Ballyfin house, Mountrath,
same county.
Sir Charles is the premier baronet
of Ireland.
* PATRICK LALor, Esq.
Co. Se. Tennekell, same county.
RADNORSHIRE, South Wales.
I Knt.
Pop. 24,651.
The Rt. Hon. THoMAs FRANKLAND
LEwis. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
ºff. A Privy Councillor.
Co. Se. Harpton Court, same Co.
RADNOR, CEFN LLYS,
KNIGHT ON, KNUCKLAS,
PRESTEIGN and RHAYDR-
GARY, a district of Welsh Boroughs.
1 Bs.
Pop. 8410; househ. 455.
RICHARD PRICE, Esq. 11th Parl.
A Land Owner,
To. Res. 7, Suffolk-street.
Co. Se. Knighton, Radnorshire.
READING, Borough of Berk-
shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 15,595; househ. 1050.
CHARLEs FYSHE PALMER, Esq.
6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Cocoa-Tree Club House,
64, St. James's-street.
Co. Se. Langley House, Berks.
Bro.-in-law to the Duke of Gordon.
CHARLEs Russell, Esq. 3rd Parl.
A Land Owner, and East India
Proprietor.
To. Res. 27, Charles-street, St
James's.
REIGATE, Borough of Surrey.
1 Bs.
Pop. 3397; househ. 276.
Viscount EASTNort. 7th Parl.
N. & S. John Somers Cocks.
To. Res. 3, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Reigate Priory, Surrey.
Rel. Eldest son of Earl Somers;
son-in-law of the Earl of Hard-
wicke.
RENFREWSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
Sir Michael SHAw STEwART, Bt.
of Blackhall, Co. of Renfrew.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner, and West India
Proprietor.
Mar. Miss Farquhar, only dr. of
Robert Farquhar, Esq. of Newark
Castle, county Renfrew.
To. Res. 4, Carlton-house Terrace.
Co. Se. Carnock, Stirlingshire, and
Ardgowan near Greenock, Scot-
land.
* RENFREW, RUTHERGLEN,
DUMBARTON, KILMAR-
NOCK, and PORT GLASGOW.
1 Com.
* John DuNLoP, Esq.
Off. A Captain in the Army.
RETFORD, EAST, Borough
of, including the Hundred of Basset-
law, Nottinghamshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 37,345. -
Wiscount NEwARK. 3d Parl.
N. & S. Charles Evelyn Pierrepoint.
To. Res. 13, Portman-square.
Rel. Eldest son of Earl Manvers.
ROCH
RUTL
( 44 )
GRANVILLE HARcourtT VERNoN,
2d Parl.
sq.
To. Res. 40, Grosvenor-square.
RICHMOND, Borough of, York-
shire. 2 ABss.
Pop. 47.22; househ. 301.
The Hon. Sir Robert LAwar.NcE
DUNDAs, K. C. B. 4th Parl.
Off. A Major-General in the Army.
To. Res. 19, Arlington-street.
Rel. Bro. to Baron Dundas; cous.
to Wiscount Melville, and to the
other member for this Borough.
The Hon. John CHARLEs DUNDAs.
3d Parl.
Rel. Third son of Wiscount Mel-
ville.
RIPON, Borough of, Yorkshire.
- 2 Bss.
Pop. 5735; househ. 403.
* THoMAs KITCHINGMAN STAvelEy,
Esq.
Co. Se, Old Hennegford, co. York.
* Joshua SAMUEL CRowPTON, Esq.
Co. Se. Sion Hill, same co.
Contested Election.
Staveley I68
Crompton - 168
General Dalbiac 162
Mr. Markham 159
* ROCHDALE, Borough of
Lancashire, 1 /3s.
Pop. 20,156; househ, 1014.
* John FENTON, Esq.
Co. Se. Crumble, co. of Lancaster.
Contested Election.
Fenton 274
Entwistle 245
Taylor 109
ROCHESTER, City of, Kent.
- 2 Cits.
Pop. 12,058; househ. 1124.
RAIPH BERNAL, Esq.
A West India Proprietor.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 11, Park-crescent, Port-
land-place.
John MILLs, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 22, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Co. Se. Bisterne, Ringwood, Hants.
Contested Election.
Bernal
Mills -
H. Collingwood
3.54
350
293
ROSCOMMONSHIRE, Ire-
land. 2 Kmts.
DENNIs O'Connon, Esq.
(The O'Connor Don).
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Ballinassar, and Cloonalis,
same CO.
* FitzstEPHEN FRENch, Esq.
Co. Se, Errat, same county.
Rel, Bro. of Arthur French, Esq.
late member.
ROSS and CROMARTY-shires.
I Com.
JAMES ALEXANDER STEwART MAC-
KENZIE, Esq.
Co. Se. Seaforth, Ross-shire.
ROSS, NEW, Borough of, Wer-
fordshire, Ireland. I Bs.
* John HyAcINTH TALBot, Esq.
Co, Se, Talbot Hall, co. Oxford.
ROXBURGHSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
* GEORGE ELLIOT, Esq. C. B.
Off: A Captain, Royal Navy.
One of the Secretaries to the
Admiralty.
To, Res. Admiralty.
RUTLANDSHIRE.
Pop. 19,385.
Sir GERARD-NoFL-NoFL, Bart.
12th Parl.
2. Knts.
A Land Owner,
Mar. First, 1780, Diana, only dr.
of the late Sir Charles Middle-
ton, Bart., subsequently Lord
Barham; second, 1823, Harriet,

ST, AL
SALI
( 45 )
dr. of the Rev. J. Gill, of
Scroptoft; and thirdly, 1831,
Mrs. Isabella-Evans Raymond.
To. Res 11, Chandos-street, Ca-
vendish-square.
Co. Se. Exton Park, near Stam-
ford; and Catmore Lodge, same
county,
Rel. Father to Baron Barham.
Sir Gerard is the only son of Gerard-
Edwards, Esq. of Welham Grove,
co. of Leicester. He relinquished
his paternal surname, and assumed,
by Royal permission, in 1798, that
of his maternal uncle, Henry Noel,
Earl of Gainsborough, with the
arms of Noel, upon inheriting the
estates of that nobleman.
Sir GILBERT HEATHcot E, Bart.
7th Parl.
Born 1773.
Mar. First, 1793, Catherine-Sophia,
dr. of the late John Manners, Esq.
of Grantham Lodge, by Louisa
Tollemache, Countess of Dysart
in her own right. She died in
1825. Secondly, in 1825, Mrs.
Eldon.
To. Res. 12, Langham-place, Port-
land-place.
Co. Se. Normanton Park, Stam-
ford, same county; and Durdans,
Epsom, Surrey.
Rel. Son-in-law to the Countess
Dysart.
RYE, Borough and Cinque Port
of, Sussea. I Baron.
Pop. 3361; househ, 294.
* Edward BARRETT CURTEIs, Esq.
A Land Owner.
Off. A Captain in the Army.
Co. Se. Windmill Hill, co. Sussex.
Rel. Brother to Herbert Barrett
Curteis, Esq. M. P. for Sussex,
Contested Election.
Curteis - . 162
Col. De Lacy Evans 128
ST. ALBAN’S, Borough of, Hert-
fordshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 5777; househ. 280.
Sir FRANCIs VINCENT, Bart. of Stoke,
d'Aubernon, co. Surrey, 2d Parl.
Born 1803.
Mar. 1824, Augusta-Elizabeth, only
dr. of the late Hon. Charles Her-
bert, R. N. and grand-dr. of the
First Earl of Carnarvon.
To. Res. 6, Stratton-street, Picca-
dilly.
Co. Se. Debden Hall, Saffron Wal-
den, Essex.
* HENRY GEORGE WARD, Esq.
Late Minister Plenipotentiary for
acknowledging the Mexican Re-
public.
Co. Se. Gilston Park, Herts.
Rel. Son of Robert-Plumer Ward,
Esq. the author of “Tremaine,”
and “De Vere,” and High Sheriff
for the County of Herts; son-in-
law of Sir John Swinburne, Bart.,
of Capheaton.
Mr. H. G. Ward is himself the author
of a valuable work, “Travels in
Mexico,” published in 1831.
ST. IVPS, Borough of, Duchy of
Cornwall. l Bs.
Pop. 4776; househ. 302.
JAMEs HALSE, Esq.
Res. St. Ives, Cornwall.
Contested Election.
2d Parl.
Halse - - - . 165
Wm. Mackworth Praed . 94
Stephens - - . 17
cashire. Bs.
Pop. 40,786; househ. 1244.
* Joseph BROTHERTON, Esq.
Contested Election.
Brotherton 712
Garnett 518
* SALFORD, Borough of, Lan-
I
SALISBURY, City of, Wiltshire.
2 Cits.
Pop. 11,671; househ. 627.
* WILLIAM BIRD BRooſe, Esq.
Proprietor of “ The Salisbury
Journal.”
WADHAM WyNDHAM, Esq.
6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Res. The College, Salisbury.
Contested Election.
Brodie -
Wyndham - . 247
Hon. Capt. Bouverie 239
SELK
SHOR
( 46 )

SANDWICH, Borough and Cinque
Port of, including the Parishes of
DEAL and WALMER, Kent.
2 Bns.
Pop. 12,183; househ. 796.
Joseph MARRYAT, Esq. 8th Parl.
Occ. A Banker and Merchant in
London; Ship Owner, and West
India Proprietor.
To. Res. 6, Richmond-terrace.
Co. Se. Wimbledon House, Surrey.
Sir Edward THoMAs TRoubRIDGE,
Bart., of Asher, Co. Devon.
2d Parl.
Mar., 1810, Anna Maria, daughter
of the late Admiral Sir Alex-
ander Inglis Cochrane, G.C.B.,
and cousin to the present Earl
of Dundonald.
Off: A Captain in the Royal Navy.
Co. Se. Blomer, Sussex.
Contested Election.
Marryat 495
Troubridge . 485
G. Price, Esq. 351
Sir E. Owen 265
SCARBOROUGH, Borough of,
Yorkshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 8760; househ. 508.
Sir John VANDEN BEMPTDE JoHN-
ston E, Bart. 3d Parl.
Born 1799.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 60, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Hackness Hall, near Scar-
borough.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Archbishop
of York.
* Sir GEORGE CAYLEY, Bart. F.R.S.
Born 1773.
Mar., 1795, Sarah, daughter of the
Rev. George Walker, of Not-
tingham.
Co. Se. Brompton, co. of York.
Contested Election.
Sir John Johnstone 286
Sir George Cayley .. 255
Sir Fred. Trench . 146
SELKIRKSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
* Robert PRINGLE, Esq.
Co. Se. Clifton, same co,
SHAFTESBURY, Borough of
Dorsetshire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 8518; househ. 145.
* JoHN SAYER PoulTER, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 5, King's Bench Walk,

Temple.
* SHEFFIELD, Borough of,
Yorkshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 91,692; househ. 4383.
* John PARKER, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
'o. Res. 3, King's Bench Walk,
Temple.
* JAMEs SILK BuckINGHAM, Esq.
To. Res. 16, Waterloo-place.
Author of “ Travels in Palestine,
Mesopotamia, and Persia,” and
one of the original proprietors of
“The Athenaeum” literary journal,
which he commenced in conjunc-
tion with Mr. Colburn, and which
is now so ably and independently
conducted by Mr. Dilke. Mr.
Buckingham was also for many
years proprietor and editor of
“ The Oriental Herald,” and is
well versed on all subjects relating
to our vast Indian empire.
Ret. Off. The Master-Cutler of
Sheffield.

Contested Election.
Parker - 1515 -
Buckingham 1493
T. A. Ward 1219
S. Bailey 813
SHOREHAM(NEW), Borough
of, Sussea, , including the whole of
the Rape of Bramber, except such parts
as are included in the Borough of

Horsham. 2 Bss.
Sir CHARLEs MERRICK BURRELL,
Bart. 9th Parl.
A Land Owner and an East India
Proprietor.
To. Res. 5, Richmond-terrace,
Whitehall.
Co. Se. Knapp Castle, Horsham,
Sussex.
Rel. Son-in-law of the Earl of
Egremont,
* HARRY DENT Gori Ng, Esq.
Co. Se. Yapton-place, Co. Sussex.

SHRO
) SOME
( 47
SHREWSBURY, Borough of,
Shropshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 16,055; househ. 1651.
* Sir John HANMER, Bart.
Born 1809.
Succeeded to the title, as third ba-
ronet, at the decease of his grand-
father, 1828.
Co. Se. Hanmer Hall, and Bettes-
field Park, Co. of Flint.
Robert AGLIon By SLANEY, Esq.
4th Parl.
- Prof. A Barrister-at-law. -
To. Res. 16, Tavistock-square.
Contested Election.
Sir John Hanmer 808
Robert A. Slaney 797
C. Pelham 634
SHROPSHIRE. 4 Knts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 119,681.
Sir Row1AND HILL, Bart. 5th Parl.
Born 1800.
Succeeded as fourth baronet on the
demise of his grandfather, 1824.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Limmer's Hotel, Conduit-
street.
Co. Se. Hawkestone, Shropshire.
Rel. Nephew and heir presumptive
to Baron Hill.
* JoHN Corps, Esq.
Contested Election.
Sir R. LIill 2981
J. Cotes 2117
Gore 2012
SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 102,822.
The Hon. Robert HENRy CLIve.
6th Parl.
Born 1789.
Mar., 1819, Harriet, daughter of
the fifth Earl of Plymouth.
An East India Proprietor.
To. Res. 11, Upper Grosvenor-
Street.
Oakley-park, Ludlow,
Co. Res.
Salop.
Rel. Son of the Earl of Powis;
Brother to Viscount Clive, M.P.
for Ludlow; Cousin to E. B.
Clive, Esq. M.P. for Hereford
City.
The MARQUEss of DARLINGTow.
6th Parl.
N. & S. Henry Vane.
Born 1788.
Mar., 1809, Sophia, daughter of the
fourth Earl of Powlett.
A Land Owner.
Off. A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 40, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Snettisham Hall, near
Lynn.
Rel. Eld. son of the Duke of
Cleveland.
SLIGOSHIRE, Ireland. 2 Knts.
Edward Joshua CoopFR, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. A Barrister-at-law.
Off. A Governor of the county.
To. Res. 58, Upper Seymour-street.
Co. Se. Markree Castle, co. Sligo.

ALEXANDER PERCEVAL, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Off. A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
Co. Se. Temple House, same Co.
SLIGO, Borough of, Ireland.
1 Bs.
* JoHN MARTIN, Esq.
Res. Knodes-street, Sligo.
SOMERSET SHIRE. 4 Kºnts,
WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 165, 382.
Edward AvsHFoRD SANFORD, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
'o. Res. 4, Richmond Terrace.
Co. Se. Nynehead Court in this
county.
* CHARLEs JoHN KEMEYs TyNTE,
Esq., F.S.A.
To. Res. 16, Hill-street, Berkeley-
square.
Rel, Son of Charles Kemeys Tynte,
M. P. for Bridgewater.

Contested Election.
Sandford 4815
Tynte 4.299
Estcourt 1449
SOUT
STAF
( 48 )
SOIMERSETSHIRE.
EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 237,814.
WILLIAM GoRE LANGToN, Esq.
2d Parl.
Off: A Colonel in the Army.
To. Res. 12, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Newton St. Loe, near Bath.
* WILLIAM PAPwFLL BRIGSTock,
Esq.
Co. Se. Comb Hay, same co.
Contested Election.
Langton - . 4249
Brigstock 4003
Mills - 3603
SOUTHAMPTON, Borough of,
Hants. 2 Bss.
ARTHUR ATHERLEY, Esq. 2d Parl.
To. Res. Parade, St. James's-park.
Co. Se. Arundel, Sussex.
JAMEs BARLow Hoy, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner and West India
Proprietor.
Co. Se. Middenbury, near South-
ampton.
Contested Election.
Atherley 646
Ho - - 603
J. S. Penleaze 593
J. Mackillop 249
* SOUTH SHIELDS, Borough
of, Durham. 1 Bs.
* Robert INGHAM, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 13, King's-bench-walk,
Temple.
Contested Election.
Ingham 205
Palmer 108
Gowan 104
SOUTHWARK, Borough of,
Surrey. 2 ABss.
Pop. 134,117; househ. 9923.
WILLIAM BRough AM, Esq. 2d Parl.
Off: A Master in Chancery.
To, Res. 66, Mount-street, Grosve-
nor-square, and 25, Southampton-
buildings, Chancery-lane.
Rel. Brother to Lord Chancellor
Brougham, and to Jas. Brougham,
Esq., M.P. for the Borough of
Kendal,
* JoHN Humph ERY, Esq.
Occ. A Wharfinger in Southwark.
Off. One of the Sheriffs of London
and Middlesex for the present
year.
Contested Election.
W. Brougham . 2264
J. Humphery 1708
L. B. Allen 1040
STAFFORD SHIRE. 4 Knts.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 118,931; voters, 7500.
Sir Oswald Mosley, Bart.
Porn 1785.
Mar. 1804, Sophia-Anne, daughter
of the late Sir Edward Every,
Bart. of Egginton.
Co. Se. Ancoats, Co. of Lancaster.
* Edward BULLER, Esq.
Contested Election.
Sir O. Mosley 4770
13uller 4591
Watts Russeil
SOUTHERN DIVISION,
Pop. 129,745.
Edward-John-LITTLETon, Esq.
10th Parl,
A Land Owner.
To. Res, 45, Grosvenor place.
Co. Se, Teddesley-park, near Wal-
sall, Staffordshire.
Rºl. Son-in-law to the Marquess
Wellesley.
Sir John WRoTTESLEy, Bart.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner and East India
Proprietor.
Occ. A Banker.
To, Res. 13, George-street, Hano-
ver-square.
Co. Se. Wrottesley-hall, Wolver-
hampton, same County,
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of
Tankerville.
STAFFORD, Borough of Staf-
fordshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 6956; househ. 468.
* WILLIAM FAwkENER CHETwynd,
ºt
Off. A Captain in the Army.
To. Res. 2, Burwood-place, Con-
naught-terrace.
STOK
SUDB
( 49 )
* REEs Howe.1, GRoNow, Esq.
%. A Captain in the Army.
o, Res, 42, Hans-place, Sloane-st.
Contested Election.
* Chetwynd - 742
Gronow - 526
Blount - 478
STAMFORD, Borough of, Lin-
colnshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 7062; househ. 460.
THoMAs CHAPLIN, Esq. 3d Parl.
Off: A Lieut.-Colonel, Coldstream
Guards,
To. Res. 52, Welbeck-street.
* GEORGE FINCH, Esq.
Co. Se. Burley on the hill, County
Rutland.
Contested Election.
Chaplin . - , 525
Finch . - . 463
Gregory . . - , 296
STIRLINGSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
* CHARLEs FLEMING, Esq.
Off: A Vice-Admiral of the Fleet.
Contested Election.
Fleming - - 99.5
Forbes - - 466
* STOCKPORT, Borough of,
Cheshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 41,000; househ. 1500.
* THoMAs MARSLAND, Esq.
Off: A Major in the Army.
* JoHN HoRATIo LLoyd, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
To. Res. 37, Torrington-square, and
13, King's-bench-walk, Temple.
Contested Election.
T. Marsland - 547
J. H. Lloyd - 443
H. Marsland - 429
E. D. Davenport . 247
Ret. Off. The Mayor of Stockport.
* STOKE - UPON-TRENT,
Borough of, Staffordshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 52,946; househ. 1500.
* Josiah WEdgwood, Esq.
Rel. Son of the late celebrated
Chemist and Manufacturer of
Porcelain.
* John DAVENPoRT, Esq.

Contested Election.
Wedgwood . -
Davenport . - 625
Heathcote . - 588
Mason . * - 232

* STROUD, Borough of, Glou-
cestershire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 41,205; househ, 1600.
* WILLIAM HENRY HYETT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
* DAviD RICARD0, Esq.
Born 1803.
Mar. 1824, Catherine, daughter of
the late Wm. T. St. Quintin,
Esq., of Scampston, Yorkshire.
Rel. Son of the late eminent Stock-
broker and Political Economist
of the same name.
Co. Se. Gateomb-park, county of
Gloucester.
Contested Election.
Hyett . - -
Ricardo - - 584
Mr. Poulett Scrope . 562
SUDBURY, Borough of, Suffolk.
2 Bss.
S
Pop. 5503; househ. 301.
Sir John BENN WALSH, Bart.
3d Parl.
Born 1798.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 28, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Warfield Park, Berks.
Rel, Son-in-law of the Earl of
Stamford and Warrington.


The Rt. Hon. Michael-Angelo
TAYLOR, F.S.A. 8th Parl.
A Land Owner.
A Privy Councillor.
Prof. A Barrister-at-Law.
Off. Recorder of Poole, Dorset-
shire.
To. Res. Whitehall.
Co. Se. Cantley Hall, Doncaster,
Yorkshire.
Rel. Uncle to the Marchioness of
Londonderry.
Contested Election.
M. A. Taylor . .263
Sir J. B. Walsh . 253
D. C. Wrangham . 234
Bagshaw - • 46
SUND ( 50
) SURR
SUFFOLK, County of 4 Knts.
EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 37,615.
* The Right Hon. BARON HEN-
NIKER, I. P.
N. S. John-Minet-Henniker-
Major.
Born 1777.
Mar. 1799, Mary, daughter of the
Rev. W. Chafie, Minor Canon
of Canterbury.
Co. Se. Stratford-house, Essex;
Major-house, Stonham; and
Wallingworth-hall, Suffolk.
His Lordship succeeded to the dig-
nity, as third Baron, on the decease
of his uncle, 1821. Lord Henniker
assumed the surname of MAJoR, in
addition to and after that of Hen-
niker, by sign manual, 1822.
* Robert NEwton SHAwe, Esq.
Contested Election.
Henniker . . 2030
Shawe 1990
Sir C. B. vere i7s;
WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 258,689.
CHARLEs TYRELL, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Kirkham's
Brook-street.
Co. Se. Haughley, same County.
Hotel, 48,
* Sir HYDE PARKER, Bart.
Born 1785.
Mar. 1821, Caroline, daughter of
Sir Frederick Eden, Bart.
Suc. to the title, as seventh baronet,
on the demise of his brother, 1830.
Co. Se. Milford Hall, in Long Mil-
ford, same County.
Contested Election.
C. Tyrell - . 1833
Sir Hyde Parker 1666
Waddington 1270
* SUNDERLAND, Borough of,
Durham. 2 Bss.
Pop. 40,735; househ. 2500.
* Sir WILLIAM CHAYToR, BART.
Born 1771.
Mar. 1803, Isabella, daughter of
John Carter, Esq. of Richmond.
Co. Se. Croft-hall, Yorkshire; and
Witton-castle, Durham.
* The Hon. GEORGE BARRINGTON.
Off. One of the Lords of the Ad-
miralty.
A Captain, Royal Navy.
To. Res. Admiralty.
Co. Se. Greatham, Co. Durham.

Contested Election.
Chaytor . - . 696
Barrington - . 525
Barclay . - . 402
Alderman Thompson 376

SURREY, County of 4 Knts.
EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 399,599.
John Ivatt BRIscoe, Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 19, Edward-street, Port-
man-square.
Co. Se. Arbon-grove, near Chert-
sey, Surrey; and Cross Deep,
Twickenham, Middlesex.
* AUBREY WM. BEAUcLERC, Esq.
Prof. A Major in the Army. -
To. Res. 12, Chester-street, Gros-
venor-place.
Contested Election.
Briscoe - 1643
Beauclerc 1153
Allen . - 835
Lainson - 244
WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 86,727.
WILLIAM Joseph DENISON, Esq.
7th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Oce. A Banker.
To. Res. 90, Pall Mall.
Co. Se. Denbies, near Dorking,
Surrey.
Rel. Brother-in-law to the late and
uncle to the present Marquess of
Conyngham.
* JoHN LEECH, Esq.
Co. Se. Lea, same County.
Contested Election.
1513

Denison - -
Leech . - 1434
Holme Sumner 1.188
SUTH
TAUN
( 51 )
SUSSEX, County of. 4 Knts.
EASTERN DIVISION.
The Hon. CHARLEs CoMPTON CA-
VENDISH. 2d Parl.
Born 1793.
Mar. 1814, Catherine-Susan, eldest
daughter of the Earl of Aboyne.
To. Res. Burlington - house, 49,
Piccadilly.
Rel. Fourth son of the Earl of
Burlington; cousin to the Duke
of Devonshire.
HERBERT BARRETT CURTEIs, Esq.
3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. Westminster-hotel, Bridge-
street, Westminster.
Co. Se. Peasmarsh, Sussex.
Rel, Brother to Captain E. B.
Curteis, M. P. for Rye.
Contested Election.
Cavendish
Curteis 1950
Darby 676
WESTERN DIVISION.
The EARL of SURREy. 4th Parl.
M. & S. Henry-Charles Howard.
Born 1791.
Mar. 1814, Charlotte-Sophia, eldest
daughter of the Marquess of Staf-
ford.
To. Res. 21, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Worksop-manor, Notts.
Rel. Eldest son of, and heir to the
Duke of Norfolk.
LoRD JoHN GEORGE LENNox.
3d Parl.
Born 1793.
Mar. 1818, Louisa - Frederica,
daughter of the Hon. John Rod-
ney.
Off: A Lieut.-Colonel in the
Army.
Rel. Brother to the Duke of Rich-
mond.
SUTHERLANDSHIRE, Scot-
land. 1 Commissioner.
* Roderick MacLeod, Esq.
Co. Se. Cadboll, Ross-shire.
* SWANSEA, District of Welsh
Boroughs, including Aberavon, Ken-
fig, Loughor, and Neath. 1 Bs.
* John HENRY WIv1AN, Esq.
Off: A Major in the Royal Stam-
nary Artillery.
Rel. Brother to Sir Richard Hus-
sey Vivian, Bart. of Truro, co, of
Cornwall.

Ret. Off. The Portreeve of Swansea,
TAMWORTH, Borough of,
Staffordshire and Warwickshire.
2 Bss.
Pop. 7182; househ, 528.
LoRD CHARLEs - VERE - FERRARs
Townshen D. 5th Parl.
Born 1785.
Mar. 1812, Charlotte, eldest daugh-
ter of General Loftus, Lieutenant
of the Tower. -
A Land Owner.
Off. High Steward of Tamworth.
Co. Se. Rainham Hall, County of
Norfolk.
Rel. Bro. to the Marquess Towns–
hend.
The Right Hon. Sir Robert PEEL,
Bart. D.C.L. 8th Parl.
JBorn 1788. -
Mar. 1820, Julia, daughter of Ge-
neral Sir John Floyd, Bart.
A Land Owner.
Off: A Privy Councillor in Eng-
land and Ireland.
A Governor of the Charter-house.
To. Res. Privy-gardens.
Co. Se. Drayton Manor, Fazeley,
Staffordshire.
TAUNTON, Borough of Somer-
setshire. 2 Bss.
HENRY LABouchERE, Esq.
5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 8, Somerset-place.
Edward THoMAs BAINBRIDGE,
Sq. 3d Parl.
Occ. A Banker, connected with
Ireland.
To. Res. 10, Park-place, St.James's.
F2
THET ( 52 ) TIVE
TAVISTOCK, Borough of. THIRSK, Borough of, Yorkshire.
2 Bss.
Pop. 5602; househ. 380. - I B.S.
Sir Robert FRANKLAND, Bart.
LoRD WILLIAM Russell. 4th Parl. 7th Parl.
Mar. 1789, Charlotte-Anne, eldest Born 1784.
daughter of the fourth Earl of Mar. 1815, Louisa-Anne, third

Jersey.
Rel. Brother to the Duke of Bed-
ford; uncle to the Marquess of
Tavistock and to Lord John
Russell, M.P. for Devonshire.
CHARLEs RICHARD Fox, Esq.
2d Parl.
Off: A Lieutenant-Colonel in the
Grenadier Guards.
Res. Addison-road, Kensington.
Rel. Eldest son of Lord Holland;
son-in-law of his Majesty.
Contested Election.
Russell - . 159
Fox - . 126
Sir F. Knowles . 64
TEWKESBURY, Borough of,
Gloucestershire. 2 Bss.
* CHARLEs HANBURY TRACY, Esq.
To. Res. 35, Dover-street.
Co. Se. Toddington, near Broad-
way, Worcester; and Gregynog,
Newtown, Montgomeryshire.
John MARTIN, Esq. 7th Parl.
A Land Owner and East India
Proprietor.
Occ. A Banker in London.
To. Res. 68, Lombard-street.
Co. Se. Overbury-house, Worces-
tershire.
Contested Election,
Tracy . . 210
Martin - . 195
H. Dowdeswell . 184
THETFORD, Borough of Nor-
folk. 2 Bss.
LoRD JAMEs FITzRoy.
To. Res. 47, Clarges-street, Pic-
cadilly.
Rel. 3d son of the Duke of Graf-
ton-
FRANCIs BARING, Esq.
Occ. A Merchant.
To. Res. 17, New-street, Spring-
gardens.
Rel. Son of Sir Thomas Baring,
Bart.
3d Parl.
JoHN HEATHCOTE, Esq.
daughter of the late Right Hon.
and Right Rev. Lord George
Murray, Bishop of St. David's.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 15, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Thirkleby Park, near
Thirsk.
TIPPERARY SHIRE, Ireland.
2 Knts.
* The Hon. Cornelius O’CAL-
LAGHAN.
Born 1809.
Off. An Officer in the 12th Regi-
ment of Lancers.
Co. Se. Shanbally Castle, same
County.
Rel. Eldest son of Viscount Lis-
more, I. P.
RICHARD LALOR SHIEL, Esq.
3d Parl.
Off. A King's Counsel in Ireland.
Res. Leinster-street, Dublin.
Co. Se. Long Orchard, same Co.
TIVERTON, Borough of De-
vonshire. 2 Bss.
2d Parl.
Born 1795.
Mar. Clementina, eldest daughter of
Lord Willoughby d'Eresby.
To. Res.41, Charles-street, Heike.
ley-square.
Co. Se. Connington Castle, near
Stilton, Huntingdonshire.
Rel. Eldest son of Sir Gilbert Heath-
cote, Bart., M. P. for Rutland-
shire.

* JAMEs KENNEDY, Esq.
Prof. A Barrister at Law.
To. Res. 6, Old-square, Lincoln’s-
inn.
Contested Election.
Heathcote - . 376
Kennedy - , 265
Benjamin Wood, Esq. 65
Colonel Chichester 40


TRUR
WALS
( 53 )
TOTNESS, Borough of Devon.
shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 3441; househ, 316.
* JASPER PARRott, Esq.
To. Res. 12, Pall-mall,
Co. Se. Dundridge, near Totness.
* JAMES Cornish, Esq., Jun.
To. Res. Connaught-place.
Co, Se, Blackhall, near Totness.
Contested Election.
Parrott . - . 127
Cornish . - 127
Lord Borringdon . 66
TOWER HAMLETS, Liberty
of. 2 Bss.
Pop. 359,854; househ, 23,187.
STEPHEN LUSHINGTON, Esq., D.C.L.
3d Parl.
Off. Judge of the Consistory Court.
To. Res. 2, Great George-street,
Westminster.
Co. Se. Mery Hill, near Watford,
Herts.
* WILLIAM CLAY, Esq.
A Merchant.
To. Res. Salvador-house.
Contested Election.
Lushington . . 3978
Clay - . 375]
Colonel Stanhope 2952
Captain Marryat 1934
TRALEE, Borough of, Kerry-
shire, Ireland. I Bs.
MAURICE O'Connell, Esq. -
Rel. Son of Daniel O’Connell, Esq.
M. P. for Dublin City.
TRURO, Borough of, Duchy of
Cornwall. 2 Bss.
Pop. 8252; househ. 237.
Rt. Hon. Sir RICHARD Hussex
VIVIAN, Bart., K.C.B. 5th Parl.
Born 1775.
Off. A Lieutenant-General in the
Army.
Commander in-Chief of the
Forces in Ireland.
A Privy Councillor.
To. Res. 26, Great George-street,
Westminster.
Co. Se, Trelow.arren,
Helston,
Cornwall.
* WILLIAM TookE, Esq.
Prof. A Solicitor.
To, Res, 12, Russell-square, and
39, Bedford-row.
Contested Election.
Sir H. Vivian . 291
Tooke 203

Ennis Vivian 196
* TYNEMOUTH, Borough of,
I -
Rs.
Pop. 23,206; househ. 1150.
* GEORGE FREDERICK YouNg, Esq.
Contested Election.
Young . - . 326
Ilderton 264
TYRONE SHIRE, Ireland.
Knts.
The Hon. HENRY-THoMAs-LowRY
CoRRY, Esq. 5th Parl.
Born 1803.
Co. Se. Aughrem, same County.
Rel. Second son of the Earl of
Belmore; bro. to Viscount Corry;
son-in-law to the Earl of Shaftes-
bury.
Sir Hugh STEwART, Bart. 5th Parl.
Born 1793.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Ballygawley House, same
County.
* WAKE FIELD, Borough of,
Yorkshire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 21,139; househ. 1001.
* DANIEL GAsKELL, Esq.
WALLING FORD, Borough of,
Berkshire. - 1 Bs.
Pop. 2467; househ. 278.
* WILLIAM SEYMoUR BLAckston E,
Esq.
* WALSALL, Borough of Staf-
fordshire. - I B.S.
Pop. 1506; househ. 800.
CHARLEs SMITH FortsTER, Esq.
Contested Election.
Forster - -
De Bosco Attwood, Esq. .
304
240
F 3

WARW
WELL
( 54 )
WAREHAM, Borough of, Dor-
1 Bs.
setshire.
Pop. 2566; househ. 54.
John HALEs CALCRAFT, Esq.
2d Parl.
Off. A Captain in the Army.
To. Res. 25, St. James's-street.
Co. Se. Rempstone Hall, Isle of
Purbeck, Dorset.
Rel. Son-in-law to the Duke of
Manchester.
Contested Election.
Calcraft - . 147
J. S. Drax . . 126
* WARRINGTON, Borº
S.
Lancashire. I
Pop. 18,184; househ. 973.
* EDMUND GEORGE HoRNBy, Esq.
Contested Election.
Hornby . - -
J. Blackburn . . 176
WARWICKSHIRE.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 83,194.
* Sir John-EARDLEy-EARDLEY-
WILMoT, Bart.
Born 1783.
Co. Se. Borkeswall Hall, same Co.
Rel. Son-in-law to Sir Robert
Chester, Knt., Master of the
Ceremonies to the King.
4 Knts.
WILLIAM STRATFoRD DUGDALE,
Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Blythe Hall, same Co.
Rel. Cousin to Earl Howe.
Contested Election.
Wilmot 1835
Dugdale - . 1326
Dempster Heming, Esq. 1303
SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 71,994.
Sir GREY SKIP witH, Bart. 2d Parl.
Born 1771.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 6, Pall-mall East.
Co. Se. Newbold Hall, Alveston
and Hampton Lucy, same Co.
* Sir GEORGE PHILIPs, Bart.
To. Res. 111, Mount–st., Grosvenor-
square.
Co. Se.. Weston House, County of
Warwick.
Contested Election.
Skipwith - . 1396
Philips - . 1121
E. S. Shirley, Esq. . 1108
WARWICK, Borough of War-
2 Bs
wickshire. S.
Pop. 9109; househ. 500.
The Hon. Sir CHARLEs-John GRE-
v1.1 LE, K.C.B. 7th Parl.
Off. A Major-General in the Army
o. Res. 15, Chesterfield-street.
Rel. Bro. to the Earl of Warwick.

Edward Bolton KING, Esq.
2d Parl.
Co. Se. Umberslade, Co. Warwick.
WATERFORD SHIRE, Ire-
land. 2 Knts.
John MATTHEw GALway, Esq.
Co. Se. Duckspool, same County.
* Sir RICHARD KEANE, Bart.
Born 1780.
Co. Se. Cappoquin-house, Belmont,
same County, and Marchwood-
lodge, Hants.
WATERFORD, City of Ireland.
2
Cits.
* HENRY WINston BARRoN, Esq.
Co. Se. Belmont-house, same City.
* WILLIAM CHRISTMAs, Esq.
Co. Se. Tramore, Co. of Waterford.
WELLS, City of, Somersetshire.
2 Cits.
Pop. 6649; househ. 383.
John LEE LEE, Esq.
Res. City of Wells.
* NortMAN LAMoNT, Esq.
Off. A Captain in the Army.
Co. Se. Dillington House, County
of Somerset.
3d Parl.

Contested Election.
Lee . - . 175
Lamont - . 169
R. Colborne . . 167
WEST
WEST
( 55 )
WENLOCK, Borough of, Shrop-
shire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 3481; househ. 450.
The Hon. GEORGE-CECIL-WELD
For ESTER. 4th Parl.
Born 1807.
Off. A Lieut. in the Horse Guards,
and a Groom of the King's Bed
Chamber. -
To. Res. 21, Charles-street, Berke-
ley-square.
Co. Se.. Welley Park, Shropshire.
Rel. Brother to Baron Forester;
bro.-in-law to the Hon. Robert
John Smith, M. P. for Wycomb.
* JAMES MILNEs GAsKELL, Esq.
Co. Se. Thornes-house, West Riding
of Yorkshire.
Contested Election.
Forester -
Gaskell - . 328
Bridges 308
WESTBURY, Borough of, Wilt-
1 Bs.
shire.
Pop. 7234; househ. 318.
Sir RALPH FRANco LoPEz, Bart.
2d Parl.
Born 1788.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. St. James's Hotel, 66,
Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Maristow, Co. of Devon.
Rel. Nephew to the late Sir Manasseh
Lopez, Bart.
WESTMEATHSHIRE, Ire-
land. 2 Kmts.
MonTAGUE LowTHER CHAPMAN,
Esq. 3d Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 25, Jermyn-street.
Co. Se. Kilna Castle, in this Co.
* Sir RICHARD NAGLE, Bart.
Born 1800.
Co. Se. Jamestown House, same
County.
WESTMINSTER, City of Mid-
dlesex. 2 Cits.
Pop. 202,891; househ. 17,681.
Sir FRANCIs BURDETT, Bart.
11th Parl.
Born 1770.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 25, St. James's-place.
Co. Se. Ramsbury Manor, Wilts.;
Foremark, Derbyshire.
Rel, Son-in-law of the late Thomas
Coutts, Esq., Banker.

Sir John CAM Hobhouse, Bart.
5th Parl.
Born 1786.
A Land Owner.
% Secretary at War.
o. Res. 42, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Westbury-College, Glou-
cestershire. -
- Rel. Brother-in-law to the Marquess
of Tweeddale.

Contested Election.
Burdett 3680
Hobhouse . 3517
1173
Col. Evans .
WESTMORELAND, County
of. 2 Kmts.
Pop. 55,041.
Viscount Low THER. 6th Parl.
N. & S. William Lowther, F.S.A.
Born 1787.
Off: A Privy Councillor.
A Director of Greenwich Hos-
pital.
Lieut.-Col. Commandant of the
Westmoreland Militia.
To. Res. 5, Cleveland-row.
Co. Se. Lowther Castle, West-
moreland.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Lons-
dale.
His lordship has also been elected a
Knight of the Shire for CUMBER-
LAND.
The Hon. HENRY CECIL LowTHER.
10th Parl.
Born 1790.
Off: A Lieut.-Col. in the Army.
To. Res. 31, Bruton-street.
Rel. Second son of the Earl of Lons-
dale; bro. to Viscount Lowther,
the other member for the county;
and brother-in-law to the Earl of
Harborough.
Contested Election.
Lord Lowther
Colonel Lowther
C. Barham
2052
1948
1611
WHIT ( 56 ) WIGT
WEXFORD SHIRE, Ireland. Rel. Bro. to the member for Bir-
2 Knts. mingham.
* Robert SHAPLAND CAREw, Esq. Contested Election.
Off. Lord Lieut. of the County. Attwood . 209
Co. Se. Castleboros, co. Wexford.
HENRY LAMBERT, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Carnagh, same county.
WEXFORD, Borough of Wer-
1 B
fordshire. S.
CHARLEs ARTHUR WALKER, Esq.
2d Parl.
A Land Owner. -
To. Res. 14, Manchester-buildings.
Co. Se. Belmont, same county.
WEYMOUTH and MEL-
COMBE REGIS, Boroughs of,
Dorsetshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 8095; househ. 490.
THoMAs-Fowell, Buxton, Esq.
6th Parl.
Occ. A Brewer in London.
Off. Treasurer to the Spitalfields
Sunday Schools.
To. Res. 54, Devonshire-street,
Portland-place.
Co. Se. Cromer Hall, Norfolk.
* Sir GeoRGE FREDERICK JoHN-
ston E, Bart.
Born 1810.
A West India Proprietor.
Co. Se.. Westerhall, Dumfriesshire.
Contested Election.
Buxton - 23S
Johnstone - 215
Burdon - 214
George Bankes 175
WHITBY, Borough of, Yorkshire.
1 Bs.
Pop. 10.399; househ. 2051.
* AARON CHAPMAN, Esq.
Contested Election.
Chapman - . 217
Moorson - . 139
* WHITE HAVEN, Borough of,
Cumberland. 1 Bs.
Pop. 15,716; househ. 900.
MATHIAs ATTwood, Esq.
Occ. A Banker.
Littledale . . 174
WICKLOWSHIRE, Ireland.
2 Kmts.
JAMEs GRATTAN, Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 1, Sackville-street.
Co. Se. Tennchurch, same county.
RALPH. HowARD, Esq. 4th Parl,
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 100, Mount-street, Gros-
venor-square.
Co. Se. Bushy Park, same county.
WIGAN, Borough of Lancashire.
2 Bss.
Pop. 20,774; househ. 568.
RALPH THICKNESSE, Esq. 2d Parl.
Co. Se. Beech Hill, within the
borough.
* RICHARD Porter, Esq.
Co. Se. Broughton House, within
Broughton, co. of Lancaster.
Contested Election.
Thicknesse
Potter 296.
J. H. Kearsley . 175
* WIGHT, ISLE OF, Hamp-
shire. 1 Knt.
* Sir RICHARD GoDIN SIMEON, Bt.
Co. Se. St. John's, Isle of Wight.
WIGTONSHIRE, Scotland.
1 Com.
Sir ANDREw AGNEw, Bart. 3d Parl.
Born 1793,
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Lochnaw Castle, in this Co.
Rel. Son-in-law to Sir David Car-
negie, Bart.
WIGTON, NEW GAL-
LOWAY, STANRAER, and
WHITE HORN, a District of
Scottish Boroughs. 1 Com.
Edward STEwART, Esq. 2d Parl.
Prof. Student-at-law.
To. Res. 7, York-place, Portman-
square.
Rel, Nephew to the Earl of Gal-
loway.
WINC
( 57 ) . WOOD
WILTON, Borough of, Wilts.
1
Bs.
Pop. 7678; househ. 299.
John HUNGERFord PENRUDDocke,
Esq. 5th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 35, Curzon-st., May-fair.
Co. Se. Compton Park, Salisbury,
Wilts.
WILTSHIRE.
NORTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 81,441.
* PAUL METHUEN, Esq.
Co. Se. Corsham House, same Co.
Sir JAcob Dugdale ASTLEy, Bart.
5th Parl,
4 Knts.
Born 1778.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 10, Langham-place.
Co. Se. Everleigh House, near
Pewsey, Wilts.
SOUTHERN DIVISION.
Pop. 75,675.
John BENETT, Esq.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 10, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Pyt House, Salisbury,
Wilts. -
* The Hon. SIDNEY HERBERT.
Co. Se. Wilton, same county.
Rel, Brother of the Earl of Pem-
broke and Montgomery.
WINCHESTER, City of Hants.
2
Cits.
6th Parl.
Pop. 9212; househ. 807.
PAULET ST. John MILDMAY, Esq.
6th PARL.
Occ. A Merchant.
Off. Mayor of Winchester.
To, Res.61, Welbeck-street.
WILLIAM BINGHAM BARING, Esq.
3d Parl.
Occ. A Merchant.
To, Res. 12, Great Stanhope-street,
May-fair.
Rel. Son of Alexander Baring, Esq.
Contested Election.
Mildmay . . 352
Baring . - , 263
East - - . 163
WINDSOR, NEW, Borough of,
Berkshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 7071; househ. 778.
John C. RAMSBorTom, Esq.
8th Parl.
Occ. A Banker in London, and
Brewer in Windsor.
To. Res. 1 F, Albany.
Co. Se. Woodside, near Windsor.
Sir SAMUEL - John - BRookE -
PECHELL, Bart., C.B. 2d Parl.
Born 1785.
A Land Owner. Royal N
Off. A Captain, Royal Navy.
'5. º º of #. Ad-
miralty,
To. Res. Admiralty.
Co. Se. Aldwick, Chichester.

Contested Election.
Ramsbottom - . 408
Sir S. Pechell - . 231
Sir John De Beauvoir . 201.
* WOLVERHAMPTON, Bo-
rough of Staffordshire. 2 Bss.
Pop. 67,514; househ. 2400.
WILLIAM WolrycHE WHITMORE,
Esq. 5th Parl.
Co. Se. Dudmaston, Shropshire.
Rel. Bro.-in-law to the Earl of
Bradford.
* RICHARD FRYER, Esq.
Co. Se.. Weys, Tettershall, Staf-
fordshire.
Returning Off. The Constable of
the Manor and Deanery of Wolver-
hampton.
WOOD STOCK, NEW, Bo-
rough of, Oafordshire. 1 Bs.
Pop. 7055; househ, 373.
The MARQUEss of BLANDFord.
4th Parl.
N. & S. George-Spencer Churchill.
Born 1793.
Rel. Eldest son of the Duke of
Marlborough; son-in-law to the
Earl of Galloway.
WORC ( 58 ) YORK
WORCESTERSHIRE. WY COMBE, CHIPPING, Bo-
4 Knts. rough of, Bucks. 2 Bss.
EASTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 83,365. -
* THoMAs HENRY CookEs, Esq.
Co. Se. Bentley, same county.
* WILLIAM CoNGREve Russell,
Esq.
Co. Se. King's Heath, same county.
Contested Election. -
Cookes - . 2553
- Russell 2494
Pakington 1896
WESTERN DIVISION.
Pop. 53,834.
The Hon. HENRY - BEAUCHAMP
LygoN. 6th Parl.
Off: A Colonel in the Army;
Lieut.-Col. 1st regiment of Life
Guards.
To. Res. 16, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Spring-hill, Broadway,
same county.
Rel. Brother to Earl Beauchamp;
son-in-law to the Earl of St.
Germans.
The Hon. Thomas HENRY Foley.
3d Parl.
JBorn 1808.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 16, Bruton-street, Berke-
ley-square.
Rel, Son of Baron Foley.
WORCESTER, City of, Worces-
tershire. 2 Cits.
THoMAs-HENRY-HASTINGs.I)Avies,
Esq. 6th Parl.
A Land Owner and East India
Proprietor.
Off: A Lieutenant-Colonel in the
Army.
Co. Se. Elmley Castle, Worces-
tershire.
GEORGE-RICHARD Robinson, Esq.
4th Parl.
Occ. A Merchant and East India
Proprietor.
Co. Se. Dorset Cottage, Fulham.
Pop. 6299; househ. 446.
The Hon. Robert John SMITH,
11th Parl.
Born 1796.
To. Res. 3, Belgrave-street.
Co. Se. Gayhurst, Newport Pag-
nell, Wycombe Abbey.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Car-
rington; brother-in-law to Baron
Forester.
* The Hon. CHARLEs GREY.
Born 1804.
Off: A Lieutenant-Colonel in the
Army.
To. Res. 10, Downing-street.
Co. Se. Sheen, Co. of Surrey.
Rel. Second son of Earl Grey;
brother to Viscount Howick.
YARMOUTH, GREAT, Bo-
rough of Norfolk. 2 Bss.
Pop. 21,448; househ. 1113.
The Hon. GEORGE ANsoN.
6th Parl.
JBorn 1797.
A Land Owner.
Off: A Lieutenant-Colonel in the
Army.
7% Res. 32, Curzon-street, May-
all".
Co. Se, Shuckborough, Staffordsh.
R; Brother to the Earl of Lich-
eld.
CHARLEs EDMUND RUMBoID, Esq.
- 6th Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Preston Candover, co. of
Southampton.
YORKSHIRE. 6 Knts.
EAST RIDING.
Pop. 976,415.
Viscount MoRPETH. 4th Parl.
N.# S. George-William-Frederick
oward.
Born 1802.
To. Res. 12, Grosvenor-place.
Co. Se. Castle Howard, Yorkshire.
Rel. Eldest son of the Earl of Car-
lisle; brother to the Hon. Fred-
erick-George Howard, M.P. for
Morpeth.
YORK
YOUG
( 59 )
GEORGE STRICKLAND, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Co. Se. Hildenley, same co.
WEST RIDING,
Pop. 204,008.
Richard BETHELL, Esq. 2d Parl.
A Land Owner.
Prof. Barrister-at-law.
To. Res. 44, Upper Bedford-place,
and 28, Southampton-buildings,
Chancery-lane.
PAUL BEILBy Thompson, Esq.
4th Parl.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 29, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Escriek-park, same co.
NORTH RIDING.
Pop. 190,873.
The Hon. WILLIAM DUN.Com BE.
3d Parl.
Born 1798.
A Land Owner.
To. Res. 23, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Hooton Pagnell, same
County.
Rel. Eldestson of Baron Feversham;
son-in-law of the Earl of Gallo-
way.
* Edward STILLINGFLEETCAYLEY,
sq.
Co. Se. Wydale, same county.
Contested Election.
Duncombe 4885
Cayley 3287
J. C. Ramsden' 2895
Martin Stapylton 602
YORK, City of, Yorkshire.
Pop. 34,461 ; househ. 2141.
SAMUEL-ADLAM BAYNTUN, Esq.
3d Parl.
Off: A Lieutenant in the Army.
Co. Se. Browfort-house, co. Wilts.
The Hon. Edward Robert PETRE.
2d Parl.
To. Res. 10, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Stapleton-park, Ferry-
bridge, Yorkshire.
Rel. Brother to Baron Petre; son-
in-law of Baron Stafford.
2 Cits.

YOUGHALL, Borough of,
Corkshire, Ireland. 1 Bs.
* John O'Connell, Esq.
Res. Merrion-square, city of Dub-
lin.
Rel. Son of Daniel O'Connell,
Esq., M. P. for Dublin.
B O R O U G HS, &c.,
WHOLLY DISFRANCHISED BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT,
2 WILLIAM IV., CAP. 45,
Aldborough, Yorkshire.
Aldeburgh, Suffolk.
Amersham, Buckinghamshire.
Appleby, Westmoreland.
Bedwin (Great), Wiltshire.
Beeralston, Devonshire.
Bishop's Castle, Shropshire.
Blechingley, Surrey.
Boroughbridge, Yorkshire.
Bossiney, Cornwall.
Brackley, Northamptonshire.
Bramber, Sussex.
Callington, Cornwall.
Camelford, Cornwall.
Castle Rising, Norfolk.
Corfe Castle, Dorsetshire.
Downton, Wiltshire.
Dunwich, Suffolk.
East Grinstead, Sussex.
East Looe, Cornwall.
Fowey, Cornwall.
Gatton, Surrey.
Haslemere, Surrey.
Hedon, Yorkshire.
Heytesbury, Wiltshire.
Higham Ferrers, Northamptonshire.
Hindon, Wiltshire.
Ilchester, Somersetshire.
Lostwithiel, Cornwall.
Ludgershall, Wiltshire.
Milborne Port, Somersetshire.
Minehead, Somersetshire.
Newport, Cornwall.
Newton, Lancashire.
Newtown, Isle of Wight.

Okehampton, Devonshire.
Old Sarum, Wiltshire,
Orford, Suffolk.
Plympton, Devonshire.
Queenborough, Kent.
Romney (New), Kent.

St. Germain's, Cornwall.
St. Mawe's, Cornwall.
St. Michael's, Cornwall.
Saltash, Cornwall.
Seaford, Sussex.
Steyning, Sussex.
Stockbridge, Hampshire.
Tregony, Cornwall.
Wendover, Buckinghamshire.
Weobly, Herefordshire,
West Looe, Cornwall.
Whitchurch, Hampshire.
Winchelsea, Sussex.
Wootton Bassett, Wiltshire.

Yarmouth, Isle of Wight.
BOROUGHS, &c.
HALF DISFRANCHISED BY ACT OF PARLIAMENT,
2 WILLIAM IV., CAP. 45. -
Arundel, Sussex. | Malmesbury, Wiltshire.
Ashburton, Devonshire. Midhurst, Sussex.
Morpeth, Northumberland.
Calne, Wiltshire. -
Christchurch, Hampshire. Northallerton, Yorkshire.
Clitheroe, Lancashire. -
Petersfield, Hampshire.
Dartmouth, Devonshire. -
Droitwich, Worcestershire. Reigate, Surrey.
Rye, Sussex.
Eye, Suffolk. St. Ives, Cornwall.
Shaftesbury, Dorsetshire,
Thirsk, Yorkshire.
Grimsby, Great, Lincolnshire.
Helston, Cornwall.
Horsham, Sussex. Wallingford, Berkshire.
Hythe, Kent. Wareham, Dorsetshire.
Westbury, Wiltshire.
Launceston, Cornwall. Wilton, Wiltshire,
Liskeard, Cornwall.
Lyme Regis, Dorsetshire, | Woodstock, Oxfordshire.
A LP HAB ETIC A. L LIST
or THE
MEMBERS OF THE
PRESENT HOUSE OF COMMONS;
WiTH THE
NAMES OF PLACES REPRESENTED BY THEM
PARLIAMENT.
*** Asterisks are prefixed to all those who were not Members of the last or
preceding Parliaments.

* Abercrombie, Right Hon. James,
Edinburgh City.
Acheson, Viscount, Armaghshire.
Adam, Charles, Clackmannan, &c.
* Adams, Edward Hamlin, Carmar-
thenshire.
* Aglionby, Henry A.,
mouth.
Agnew, Sir Andrew, Bart., Wig-
tonshire.
Althorpe, Rt. Hon.Viscount, North-
amptonshire.
* Andover, Viscount, Malmesbury.
Anson, Sir George, K.C.B., Lich-
field.
Anson, Hon. George, Yarmouth,
Norfolk.
Apsley, Lord, Cirencester. -
Arbuthnot, Hon. Hugh, Kincar-
dineshire.
Archdall, Mervyn, Fermanaghshire.
Ashley, Lord, Dorsetshire.
* Astley, Sir Jacob, Bart, Norfolk.
Astley, Sir Jacob Dugdale, Bart.,
Wiltshire.
Atherley, Arthur, Southampton,
* Attwood, Thomas, Birmingham.
Attwood, Matthias, Whitehaven.
Cocker-
Baillie, John, Fortrose, &c.
Baillie, John Evan, Bristol,
Bainbridge, Edw. Thos., Taunton.
* Baldwin, Herbert, Cork City.
Balfour, James, Haddingtonshire.
Banks, William John, Dorsetshire.
* Bannerman, Alexander, Aberdeen
(ity. -
Bº. Alexander, Essex.
Baring, Francis, Thetford.
Baring, Francis Thornhill, Ports-
mouth.
Baring, Henry Bingham, Marlbo-
rough.
Baring, William Bingham, Win-
chester.
Barnett, Charles James, Maidstone.
* Barrington, Hon. George, Sunder-
land.
* Barron, H. W., Waterford City.
* Barry, Garret S., Corkshire.
Bateson, Sir Robert, Bart., Lon-
donderryshire.
Bayntun, Samuel Adlam, York
City.
* Beauclerk, Aubrey William, Surrey.
Beaumont, Thomas Wentworth,
Northumberland.
Belfast, Earl of, Antrimshire.
Bell, Matthew, Northumberland.
* Bellew, Richard Montesquieu,
Louthshire.
Benett, John, Wiltshire.
Bentinck, Lord George F. C.,
King's Lynn.


THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 63
Beresford, Sir John Poo, Bart.,
Coleraine.
* Berkeley, Hon. Craven Fitzhar-
dinge, Cheltenham.
* Berkeley, Hon. G., Gloucestershire.
Berkeley, Hon. Maurice F., Glou-
cester City.
Bernal, Ralph, Rochester.
* Bernard, Hon. William Smyth,
Bandon.
* Bernard, Edw. George, Greenwich.
Bethel, Richard, Yorkshire.
* Bewes, Thomas, Plymouth.
Biddulph, Robert Myddleton, Den-
bighshire.
* Biddulph, Robert, Hereford City.
+: #. Leominster.
Blackney, Walter, Carlowshire.
* Blackstone, William Seymour, Wal-
lingford.
Blake, Sir Francis, Bart., Berwick-
on-Tweed.
Blamire, William, Cumberland.
Blandford, Marquess of, Woodstock.
Blayney, Hon. Cadwallader, Mo-
naghan, (now Baron Blayney.)
Blunt, Sir Charles Richard, Bart.,
Lewes.
* Bolling, Wm., Bolton, Lancashire.
* Boss, John G., Northallerton.
* Bowes, John, Durham County.
* Brigstock, William Papwell, So-
mersetshire.
* Briggs, Rawdon, Halifax.
Briscoe, John Ivatt, Surrey.
* Brocklehurst, John, Macclesfield.
* Brodie, William Bird, Salisbury.
* Brotherton, Joseph, Salford, Lan-
cashire.
Brougham, James, Kendal.
Brougham, William, Southwark.
Browne, Dominick G., Mayoshire.
Browne, John, Mayoshire.
* Bruce, Lord Ernest Augustus,
Marlborough.
Brudenell, Lord, Northamptonshire.
* Buckingham, James Silk, Sheffield.
Bulkeley, Sir Richard Bulkeley
Williams, Bart., Angleseashire.
Buller, James Wentworth, Exeter.
Buller, Charles, Jun., Liskeard.
* Buller, Edward, Staffordshire,
* Bulteel, John Crocker, Devonshire.
Bulwer, Henry Lytton, Coventry.
Bulwer, Edward Lytton, Lincoln-
shire.
Burdett, Sir Francis, Bart., West-
minster,
Burrell, Sir Charles Merrick, Bart.,
Shoreham.
Burton, Henry, Beverley.
* Butler, Hon. Pierce, Kilkenny-
shire.
Buxton, Thomas Fowell, Wey-
mouth and Melcombe Regis.
Byng, George, Middlesex.
* Byng, Rt. Hon. Sir John, G.C.B.
Poole.

Calcraft, John Hales, Wareham.
Callaghan, Daniel, Cork City.
Argyll.
#
Callander, James Henry,
shire.
Calley, Thomas, Cricklade, &c.
Calvert, Nicholson, Hertfordshire.
Campbell, Sir John, Knt. Dudley,
Worcestershire. -
* Carew, Robert Shapland, Wexford-
shire.
Carter, John Bonham, Portsmouth.
Cartwright, William Ralph, North-
amptonshire.
Castlereagh, Viscount, Downshire.
Cavendish, Lord, Derbyshire.
Cavendish, Hon. Charles Compton,


Sussex.
Cavendish, Hon. Henry F. C.,
Derby.
* Cayley, Sir George, Bart. Scar-
borough.
* Cayley, Edward Stillingfleet, York-
shire.
Chandos, Marquess of, Bucking-
hamshire.
Chaplin, Thomas, Stamford.
Chapman, Montague Lowther,
Westmeathshire.
#


Chapman, Aaron, Whitby, Yorksh.
Chaytor, William Richard Carter,
Durham City.
Chaytor, Sir William, Bart. Sunder-
land.
Chetwynd, William Fawkener, Staf-
ford.
* Chichester, Lord Arthur, Belfast.
Chichester, John Palmer Bruce,
Barnstaple.
Childers, John Wallbanke, Cam-
bridgeshire.
* Christmas, W., Waterford City.
Clay, William, Tower Hamlets.
Clayton, William Robert, Great
Marlow.
Clements, Viscount, Leitrimshire.
Clive, Viscount, Ludlow.
Clive, Edw. Bolton, Hereford City.
+

*
º:
.

º:
G 2
64 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Clive, Hon. Robert Henry, Shrop-
shire.
* Cobbett, William, Oldham, Lan-
cashire.
Cockerell, Sir Charles, Bart. Eve-
sham.
* Codrington, Sir Edward, G.C.B.
Devonport.
Cole, Hon. Arthur Henry, Ennis-
killen.
Cole, Wiscount, Fermanaghshire.
* Collier, John, Plymouth.
* Colquhoun, John Campbell, Dum-
bartonshire.
Conolly, Edward Michael, Done-
galshire.
* Cookes, Thomas Henry, Worces-
tershire.
Cooper, Edward Joshua, Sligoshire.
* Cooper, the Hon. Anthony H.
Ashley, Dorchester.
Coote, Sir Charles Henry, Bart.
Queen's County.
* Cornish, James, Totness.
Corry, Hon. Henry T. L., Tyrone-
shire.
* Cotes, John, Shropshire.
* Crawley, Samuel, Bedford Borough.
Cripps, Joseph, Cirencester,
* Crompton, Joshua Samuel, Ripon.
* Curteis, Edward Barrett, Rye,
Sussex.
Curteis, Herbert Barrett, Sussex.
* Dalmeny, Lord, Inverkeithing, &c.
* Dalrymple, Sir John H., Bart.
Edinburghshire.
* Daly, James, Galwayshire.
* Dare, Robert Westley Hall, Essex.
Darlington, Marq. of Shropshire.
* Dashwood, George Henry, Buck-
inghamshire.
* Daunt, W. J. O'Neill, Mallow.
* Davenport, John, Stoke-on-Trent.
Davies, Thomas Henry Hastings,
Worcester, City of
* Dawson, Edward, Leicestershire.
* Dellwyn, Lewis Weston, Glamor-
ganshire.
Denison, John Evelyn, Notting-
hamshire.
Denison, William Joseph, Surrey.
Dick, Quintin, Maldon, Essex.
* Divett, Edward, Exeter.
* Dobbin, Leonard, Sen., Armagh
Borough,
* Dobbs, Conway Richard, Carrick-
fergus.
* Donkin, Sir Rufane Shaw, Ber-
wick-on-Tweed.
* Duffield, Thomas, Abingdon.
Dugdale, William Stratford, War-
wickshire.
Duncannon, Viscount, Nottingham.
Duncombe, Hon. William, York-
shire.
* Dundas, James Whitby Deans,
Greenwich.


Dundas, Hon. Sir Robert Lawrence,
K.C.B., Richmond, Yorkshire.
Dundas, Hon. John Charles, Rich-
mond, Yorkshire.
* Dunlop, John, Renfrew, &c.
* Dykes, Fretcheville Lawson Bal-
lantine, Cockermouth.

Eastnor, Wiscount, Reigate.
Ebrington, Viscount, Devonshire.
Egerton, William Tatton, Cheshire,
Ellice, Edward, Coventry.
Elliot, George, Roxburghshire.
Ellis, Wynne, Leicester.
Estcourt, Thomas Grimstone B.,
Oxford University.
Etwall, Ralph, Andover.
* Evans, George Hambden, Dublin-
shire.
Evans, William, Leicester.
Ewart, William, Liverpool.
Ewing, James, Glasgow City.

+
+
3%
Faithful, George, Brighton.
Fancourt, Charles-St. John, Barm-
staple.
Fazakerley, John Nicholas, Peter-
borough,
Fellowes, Henry-Arthur-Wallop,
Andover.
Fellowes, Hon. Newton, Devon-
shire.
* Fenton, Lewis, Huddersfield.
Fenton, John, Rochdale.
Ferguson, George, Banffshire,
Ferguson, Robert, Dysart, &c.
Ferguson, Robert-Cutlar, Kirkcud-
bright.
Ferguson, Sir Robert Alexander,
Bart., Londonderry City.
Ferguson, Sir Ronald Crawford,
G. C. B., Nottingham.
* Fielden, William, Blackburn, Lan-
cashire.
* Fielden, John, Oldham, Lancashire.
* Finch, George, Stamford.
* F* William-Francis, Kilkenny-
SIllre.

ºk
*k
.
THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 65
* Fitzgerald, Thomas, Louthshire.
Fitzgibbon, Hon. Richard Hobart,
Limerickshire.
Fitzroy, Lord James, Thetford.
Fitzroy, Lord Charles, Bury-St.-
Edmunds.
Fitzsimon,
shire.
Fitzsimon, Nicholas, King's County.
Fitzwilliam, William Charles Went-
worth, Malton, Yorkshire (now
Viscount Milton).
Fleetwood, Peter Hesketh, Preston.
Fleming, Charles, Stirlingshire.
Foley, John Hodgetts H., Droitwich.
Foley, Edward Thomas, Hereford-
shire.
Foley, Hon. Thomas-Henry, Wor-
cestershire.
Folkes, Sir William John H. B.,
Bart., Norfolk.
Fordwich, Viscount, Canterbury.
Forester, Hon. George C. W.,
Wenlock.
* Forster, Charles Smith, Walsall,
Staffordshire.
Fort, John, Clitheroe.
Fox, Sackville Lane, Helston.
Fox, Charles Richard, Tavistock.
Frankland, Sir Robert, Bart.,
Thirsk.
Freemantle, Sir Thomas Francis,
Bart., Buckingham.
French, Fitzstephen, Roscommon-
shire.
* Fryer, Richard, Wolverhampton.
*
Christopher, Dublin-
:
.
*
**
* Galway, John Mathew, Waterford-
shire.
Gaskell, Daniel, Wakefield.
Gaskell, James Milnes, Wenlock.
Gillon, William-Downe, Linlith-
gow, &c.
Gisborne, Thomas, Derbyshire.
Gladstone, William-Edward, New-
ark-on-Trent.
Gladstone, Thomas, Portarlington.
* º: Sir Stephen Richard, Bart.,
"lint, &c.
Godson, Richard, Kidderminster.
Gordon, Robert, Cricklade, &c.
Gordon, Hon. William, Aberdeen-
shire.
* Gore, Montagu, Devizes.
* Goring, Harry Dent, Shoreham.
Goulburn, Rt. Hon. Henry, Cam-
bridge University.
Graham, Rt. Hon.
Bart., Cumberland.
:
+
*
Sir James,
+
Grant, Hon. Francis William, Elgin
and Nairnshires.
Grant, Rt. Hon. Charles, Inverness-
shire.
Grant, Rt. Hon. Robert, Finsbury
Manor.
Grattan, Henry, Meathshire.
Grattan, James, Wicklowshire.
Greene, Thomas, Lancaster Bo-
rough.
Greville, Hon. Sir Charles John,
K. C.B., Warwick.
* Grey, Sir George, Bart., Devon-
port.

* Grey, Hon. Charles, Wycombe.
* Gronow,
Grimston, Viscount, Hertfordshire,
Rees-Howell, Stafford
Borough.
Grosvenor, Earl, Cheshire.
Grosvenor, Lord Robert, Chester.
* Grote, George, London.
*
*
*
#:
*:
º:
*
º:
*
Guest, Josiah John, Merthyr Tydvil.
Guise, Sir Berkeley William, Bart.,
Gloucestershire.
Gully, John, Pontefract.
Halford, Henry, Leicestershire.
Hall, Benjamin, Monmouth, &c.
Hallyburton, Hon. Douglas Gordon,
Forfarshire.
Halse, James, St. Ives.
Handley, Benjamin, Boston.
Handley, Henry, Lincolnshire.
Handley, William Farnworth, New-
ark-on-Trent.
Hammer, Henry, Aylesbury.
Hanmer, Sir John, Bart., Shrews-
bury.
Harcourt, George Granville, Ox-
fordshire.
Hardinge, Rt. Hon. Sir Henry,
Launceston.
Hardy, J., Bradford, Yorkshire.
Harland, William-Charles, Durham
City.
Harvey, Daniel Whittle, Colchester.
Hawes, Benjamin, Lambeth.
Hawkins, John Heywood, Newport,
Isle of Wight.
Hay, Andrew Leith, Elgin, &c.
Hay, Sir John, Bart., Peebles-shire.
Hayes, Sir Edmund, Bart., Done-
galshire. -
Heathcote, John, Tiverton.
Heathcote, Gilbert-John, Lincoln-
shire.
Heathcote, Sir Gilbert, Bart., Rut-
landshire.
Heneage, George Fieschi, Lincoln.


G 3
66 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF

* Henniker, Rt. Hon. Baron, Suffolk.
* Herbert, Hon. Sidney, Wiltshire.
Heron, Sir Robert, Bart., Peter-
borough.
Herries, Rt. Hon. John Charles,
Harwich.
Hill, Lord Arthur Moyses William,
Downshire.
* Hill, Lord Arthur Marcus Cecil,
Newry.
* Hill, Matthew Davenport, King-
ston-on-Hull.
Hill, Sir Rowland, Bart., Shrop-
shire.
Hobhouse, Sir John Cam, Bart.,
Westminster.
Hodges, Thomas Law, Kent.
Hº John, Newcastle-upon-
ne.
Hº Hon. Sir Alexandel, G.C.B.,
Linlithgowshire.
* Hornby, Edmund-George, Warring-
ton.
Horne, Sir William, Mary-le-bone.
Hoskins, Kedgwin, Herefordshire.
Hotham, Rt. Hon. Baron, Leo-
minster.
Houldsworth, Thomas, Notting-
hamshire. -
Howard, Hon. William George,
Morpeth.
Howard, Ralph, Wicklowshire.
Howard, Philip-Howard, Carlisle.
Howick, Wiscount, Northumber-
land.
Hoy, James Barlow, Southampton.
Hudson, Thomas, Evesham.
Hume, Joseph, Middlesex.
Humphery, John, Southwark.
Hurst, Robert-Henry, Horsham.
Hutt, William, Kingston-on-Hull.
Hyett, William-Henry, Stroud,
Gloucester,
:
Ingestrie, Viscount, Hertford Bo-
rough.
Ingham, Robert, South Shields.
º: Sir Wm. Amcotts, Bart.
incolnshire,
Inglis, Sir Robt. Harry, Bart., Ox-
ford University.
+
James, William, Carlisle.
Jeffrey, Rt. Hon. Francis, Edin-
burgh City.
Jermyn, Earl, Bury St. Edmund's.
Jerningham, Hon. Henry V. S.
Pontefract.
* Jervis, John, Chester.
Johnston, Andrew, Jun. Cupar, &c.
Johnstone, John James Hope,
Dumfries-shire.
Johnstone, Sir John, W. B. Scar-
borough.
* Johnstone, Sir George Frederick,
Bart., Weymouth.
Jones, Theobald, Londonderryshire.
* Keane, Sir Richard, Bart. Water-
fordshire.
Kemp, Thomas Read, Lewes.
Kennedy, Thomas Francis, Ayr,
Irvine, &c.
* Kennedy, James, Tiverton.
* Keppel, Hon. George Thomas,
Norfolk.
Kerrison, Sir Edward, Bart. Eye,
Suffolk.
* Kerry, Earl of, Calne.
* Key, Sir John, Bart. London.
King, Edward Bolton, Warwick.
* Kinloch, George, Dundee.
Knatchbull, Sir Edward, Bart. Kent.
Knox, Hon. John James, Dun-
gannon.

Labouchere, Henry, Taunton.
* Lalor, Patrick, Queen's County.
Lamb, Hon. George, Dungarvon.
Lambert, Henry, Wexfordshire.
* Lambton, Hon. Hedworth, Dur-
ham County.
* Lamont, Norman, Wells.
* Langdale, Hon. Charles, Beverley.
Langston, John Haughton, Oxford
City,
Lºn. William Gore, Somerset-
shire.
Lee, John Lee, Wells.
* Leech, John, Surrey.
Lefevre, Charles Shaw, Hampshire.
* Lefevre, John George Shaw, Peters-
field.
Lefroy, Thomas, Dublin University.
Lemon, Sir Charles, Bart. Cornwall.
* Lennard, Sir Thos. Barrett, Essex.
Lennard, Thomas Barrett, Mal-
don, Essex.
Lennox, Lord Arthur, Chichester.
Lennox, Lord John George, Sussex.
Lennox, Lord William Pitt, King's
Lynn, Norfolk.
Lester, Benjamin Lester, Poole.
Lewis, Rt. Hon. Thomas Frank-
land, Radnorshire.
* Lincoln, Earl of Nottinghamshire.





THE HOUSE OF COMMONS. 67
-

* Lister, E. C., Bradford, Yorkshire.
Littleton, Edward John, Stafford-
shire. -
* Lloyd, John Horatio, Stockport.
Loch, James, Kirkwall, &c.
* Locke, Wadham, Devizes.
Lopez, Sir Ralph Franco, Westbury.
Lowther, Rt. Hon.Viscount, Cum-
berland, also for Westmoreland.
Lowther, Hon. Henry Cecil, West-
moreland.
Lumley, Viscount, Nottinghamshire.
Lºston, Stephen, Tower Ham-
ets.
Lygon, Hon. Henry Beauchamp,
Worcestershire.
Lynch, Andrew H., Galway.
*
Maberley, Wm. Leader, Chatham.
Macaulay, Thos. Babington, Leeds.
Mackenzie, James Alex. S., Ross
and Cromarty-shires.
Maclachlan, Lachlan, Galway.
Macleod, Roderick, Sutherland-
shire.
Macnamara, William Nugent, Clare-
shire. -
* Macnamara, F., Ennis.
Madocks, John, Denbigh, &c.
Mangles, James, Guilford.
Mahon, Viscount, Hertford Bo-
rough.
Mandeville, Wiscount, Huntingdon-
shire.
Manners, Lord Robert William,
Leicestershire.
Marjoribanks, Charles, Berwick-
shire.
Marjoribanks, Stewart, Hythe.
Marshall, John, Jun., Leeds,
Marsland, Thomas, Stockport.
Marryat, Joseph, Sandwich, &c.
Martin, Thomas B., Galwayshire,
Martin, John, Sligo Borough.
Martin, John, Tewkesbury.
Maxfield, William, Grimsby.
Maxwell, Henry, Cavanshire.
:
+
*
+
+
.
+
+
Maxwell, John, Lanarkshire.
* Maxwell, John Waring, Down-
patrick.
+
Maxwell, Sir John, Bart., Paisley.
Methuen, Paul, Wiltshire.
Meynell, Henry, Lisburne.
Mildmay, Paulet St. John, Win-
chester.
Miller, William Henry, Newcastle.
under-Lyme.
Mills, John, Rochester
+
Milton, Viscount, Northampton-
shire (now Earl Fitzwilliam).
* Milton, Viscount (late Mr. Fitz-
william), Malton, Yorkshire.
* Molesworth, Sir William, Bart.
Cornwall.
* Molyneux, Wiscount, Lancashire.
* Moreton, Hon. Augustus Henry,
Gloucestershire.
Moreton, Henry George Francis,
Gloucestershire.
Morpeth, Viscount, Yorkshire.
Morrison, James, Ipswich.
* Moseley, Sir Oswald, Bart., Staf-
fordshire.
Mostyn, Hon. Edward Mostyn L.
Flintshire.
Mullins, William Fredk. Kerryshire.
* Murray, John Archibald, Leith, &c.

* Nagle, Sir Richard, Bart., West-
meathshire.
* Neale, Sir Harry Burrard, Bart.,
Lymington, Hants.
Neeld, Joseph, Chippenham.
Newark, Viscount, East Retford.
Nicholl, John, Cardiff, &c.
Noel, Sir Gerard Noel, Bart., Rut-
landshire.
Norreys, Lord, Oxfordshire.
North, Frederick, Hastings.

*k
* O’Brien, Cornelius, Clareshire.
O’Callaghan, Hon. Cornelius, Tip-
peraryshire.
O'Connell, Daniel, Dublin city.
O'Connell, J., Youghall.
O'Connell, Morgan, Meathshire.
O’Connell, Maurice, Tralee.
* O'Connell, Charles, Kerryshire.
* O'Connor, Feargus, Corkshire.
O'Connor, Dennis, Roscommon-
shire.
* O'Dwyer, Andrew Carew, Drog-
hed
edia.
O'Ferrall, Richard More, Kildare-
shire.
O'Grady, Hon. Standish, Limerick-
shire.
O'Neil, Hon. John-Richard-Bruce,
Antrimshire.
* O'Reilly, William, Dundalk.
Oliphant, Lawrence, Perth city.
Ord, William - Henry, Newport,
Isle of Wight.
* Ormelie, Lord, Perthshire.
* Ossulston, Lord, Northumberland.
* Oswald, James, Glasgow city.
ºk
.

68 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
* Oswald, Richard-Alexander, Ayr-
shire.
Owen, Sir John, Bart., Pembroke-
shire.
Owen, Hugh Owen, Pembroke,&c.
Oxmantown, Lord, King's County.
* Paget, Frederick, Beaumaris.
Paget, Hon. Sir Charles, Caernar-
von, &c.
Palmer, Charles, Bath.
Palmer, Charles-Fyshe, Reading.
Palmer, Robert, Berkshire.
Palmerston, Right Hon. Viscount,
Hampshire.
* Parker, Sir Hyde, Bart., Suffolk,
Parker, John, Sheffield.
Parrott, Jasper, Totness.
Patten, John-Wilson, Lancashire.
Pease, Joseph, jun., Durham County.
Pechell, Sir Samuel John Brooke,
Bart., Windsor.
Peel, Jonathan, Huntingdon
Peel, Right Honourable Sir Ro-
bert, Tamworth.
Pelham, Hon. Charles Anderson
W., Lincolnshire.
Pendarves, Edward W. W., Corn-
wall.
Penruddocke, John Hungerford,
Wilton.
Pepys Charles Christopher, Mal-
ton, Yorkshire.
Percival, Alexander, Sligoshire.
Perrin, Louis, Monaghanshire.
Peter, William, Bodmyn.
Petre, Hon. Edward Robert, York
City.
Philipps, Sir George, Bart., War-
wickshire.
Philipps, Sir Richard Bulkeley
P., Haverfordwest, &c.
Phillipps, Charles March, Leices-
tershire.
* Phillips, Mark, Manchester.
Philpotts, John, Gloucester.
* Pigott, Robert, Bridgenorth.
* Pinney, William, Lyme Regis.
* Plumptre, John Pemberton, Kent.
Pollock, Frederick, Huntingdon.
Ponsonby, Hon. William F. S.,
Dorsetshire.
Portman, Edward Berkeley, Mary-
le-Bone.
* Potter, Richard, Wigan.
* Poulter, John, Shaftesbury.
Powell, William – Edward, Cardi-
ganshire.
.
+
*
Poyntz, William-Stephen, Ash-
burton.
Price, Sir Robert, Bart., Hereford-
shire.
Price, Richard, Radnor, &c.
* Pringle, Robert, Selkirkshire.
* Pryme, George, Cambridge Bo-
rough.
Pryse, Pryse, Cardigan, &c.
* Pugh, David, Montgomery, &c.
Ramsbottom, John C., Windsor.
Reid, Sir John Rae, Bart., Dover.
* Ricardo, David, Stroud, Glou-
cester.
Rice, Right Hon. Thomas-Spring,
Cambridge Borough.
* Richards, John, Knaresborough.
Rickford, William, Aylesbury.
Rider, Thomas, Kent.
Ridley, Sir Matthew-White, Bart.,
Newcastle-on-Tyne.
* Rippon, Cuthbert, Gateshead,
Durham.
Robarts, Abraham Wildey, Maid-
Stone.

Robinson, George Richard, Wor-
cester City.
* Roche, David, Limerick City.
* Roche, William, Limerick City.
* Roebuck, John Arthur, Bath.
* Rolfe, Robert Monsey, Penrhyn
and Falmouth.
* Romilly, Edward, Ludlow.
* Romilly, John, Bridport.
* Ronayne, Dominick, Clonmel.
Rooper, John Bonfoy, Hunting-
donshire.
* Rorke, James Halpin, Longford-
shire.
Ross, Horatio, Inverbervie, &c.
Ross, Charles, Northampton.
* Rotch, Benjamin, Knaresborough.
* Rowe, James, Cashel.
Rumbold, Charles Edmund, Yar-
mouth.
* Russell, Lord Charles-James-Fox,
Bedfordshire.
Russell, Lord William, Tavistock.
Russell, Rt. Hon. Lord John, De-
vonshire.
Russell, Charles, Reading.
* Russell, William Congreve, Wor-
cestershire.
Ruthven, Edward Southwell, Dub-
lin City,
+ Ruthven, Edward, Kildareshire.
* Ryle, John, Macclesfield.


THE HOUSE
69
OF COMMONS.

*
*k
Sanderson, Richard, Colchester.
Sandford, Edward Ayshford, So-
mersetshire. -
Sandon, Viscount, Liverpool.
Scarlett, Sir James, Knt. Norwich.
Scholefield, Joshua, Birmingham.
* Scott, John Winter, Hampshire.
+
#
+
*
*
+
Scott, Sir Edward Dollman, Lich-
field.
Seale, John Henry, Dartmouth.
Sebright, Sir John Sanders, Bart,
Hertfordshire.
Sharpe, Matthew, Dumfries, &c.
Shaw, Frederick, Dublin University.
Shawe, Robert Newton, Suffolk.
Sheppard, Thomas, Frome, Somer-
setshire.
Shiel, Richard Lalor, Tipperarysh.
Simeon, Sir Richard Godin, Bart.
Wight (Isle of).
Sinclair, George, Caithness-shire.
Skipwith, Sir Grey, Bart. War-
wickshire.
Slaney, Robert Aglionby, Shrews-
bury.
Smith, John, Buckinghamshire.
Smith, Robert Vernon, North-
ampton.
Smith, Thomas Assheton, Carnar-
vonshire.
Smith, Hon. Robert John, Wy-
combe.
Smith, John Abel, Chichester.
Somerset, Lord Granville C. H.,
Monmouthshire.
Spankie, Robert, Finsbury Manor.
Spencer, Hon. Frederick, Midhurst.
Spry, Samuel Thomas, Bodmyn.
Stanley, Edward, {...}.
Stanley, Right Hon. E. G. S., Lan-
cashire.
Stanley, Hon. H. T., Preston.
Stanley, Edward John, Cheshire.
Staunton, Sir George Thomas, Bart.
Hampshire.
Staveley, Thomas
Ripon.
Stawell, Sampson, Kinsale.
Steuart, Robert, Haddington, &c.
Stewart, Patrick Maxwell, Lan-
caster Borough. -
Stewart, Sir Hugh, Bart. Tyrone-
shire.
Stewart, John, Lymington, Hants.
Stewart, Sir Michael Shaw, Bart,
Renfrewshire.
Stewart, Edward, Wigton, &c.
Kitchingman,
* Stonor, Thomas, Oxford City.
Stormont, Viscount, Norwich.
Strickland, George, Yorkshire.
Strutt, Edward, Derby.
Stuart, Lord Dudley Coutts, Arun-
del.
Stuart, William, Bedfordshire.
Stuart, Charles, Buteshire.
* Sullivan, Richard, Kilkenny.
Surrey, Earl of, Sussex.
Sutton, Right. Hon. Charles Man-
mers, Cambridge University.


Talbot, Christopher Rice Mansell,
Glamorganshire.
* Talbot, James, Jun. Athlone.
* Talbot, John Hyacinth, Ross'(New).
* Talbot, William Henry Fox, Chip-
penham.
* Tancred, Henry William, Banbury.
* Tapps, George William, Christ-
church.
* Tayleure, William, Bridgewater.
Taylor, Right Hon. Michael An-
gelo, Sudbury.
* Tennant, James Emerson, Belfast.
Tennyson, Right Hon. Charles,
Lambeth.
Thicknesse, Ralph, Wigan.
Thomson, Right Hon. Charles
Poulett, Dover and Manchester.
Thompson, Paul Beilby, Yorkshire.
Throckmorton, Robert George,
Berkshire.
* Todd, James Ruddell, Honiton.
* Tollemache, IIon. Algernon G.,
Grantham.
* Tooke, William, Truro.



Torrens, Robert Bolton, Lan-
cashire.
* Tower, Christopher Thomas, Har-
wich.

* Towneley, Richard Greaves, Cam-
bridgeshire.
Townshend, Lord Charles V. F.,
Tamworth.
* Tracy, Charles Hanbury, Tewkes-
bury.
Trail, George, Jun., Orkney and
Shetland.
* Trelawney, William L. S., Corn-
wall.
Trevor, Hon. George Rice Rice,
Carmarthenshire.
Troubridge, Sir Edward Thomas,
Bart., Sandwich, &c.
Tullamore, Lord, Penrhyn and Fal-
mouth.
* Turner, William, Blackburn.


70 ALPHABETICAL LIST, &c.
Tynte, Charles Kemeys K., Bridge-
Water.
* Tynte, Charles John K., Somer-
setshire.
* Tyrell, Sir John Tyssen, Bart.,
Essex.
Tyrell, Charles, Suffolk.
Vaughan, Sir Robert Williams,
Bart., Merionethshire.
* Verner, William, Armaghshire.
* Verney, Sir Harry, Bart. Buck-
ingham. -
Vernon, Hon. George John Ven-
ables, Derbyshire.
Vernon, Granville Harcourt, Ret-
ford East.
Vigors, Nicholas Aylward, Carlow.
Villiers, Viscount, Honiton.
Vincent, Sir Francis, Bart., St.
Albans.
Vivian, John Henry, Swansea, &c.
* Vivian, Right Hon. Sir Richard
Hussey, Bart., Truro.
Vyvyan, Sir Richard Rawlinson,
Bart., Bristol.
+
-k
Waithman, Robert, London, (since
deceased).
Walker, Charles Arthur, Wexford.
* Walker, Richard, Bury, Lancashire.
Wall, Charles Baring, Guilford.
Wallace, Robert, Greenock.
* Wallace, Thomas, Carlowshire.
Walsh, Sir John Benn, Bart., Sud-
4.
bury.
Walter, John, Berkshire.
Warburton, Henry, Bridport.
Ward, Henry George, St. Albans.
Warre, John Ashley, Hastings.
Wason, Rigby, Ipswich.
Waterpark, Right Hon. Baron,
Derbyshire,
Watkins, John Lloyd Vaughan,
Brecon.
Watson, Hon. Richard, Canterbury.
* Wedgwood, Josiah, Stoke-upon-
Trent,
+
*
+
Welby, Glynne Earle, Grantham.
Wemys, James, Fifeshire.
Weyland, Richard, Oxfordshire.
Whitbread, William Henry, Bed-
ford Borough.
White, Samuel, Leitrimshire.
*White, Luke, Longfordshire.
Whitmore, Thomas Charlton,
Bridgenorth.
Whitmore, William Wolryche,
Wolverhampton.

* Wigney, Isaac Newton, Brighton.
Wilbraham, George, Cheshire.
Wilks, John, Boston.
* Williams, George, Ashton-under-
Lyne.
Williams, Thomas Peers, Marlow
Great.
Williams, Robert, Dorchester.
Williams, W. Addams, Monmouth-
shire.
Williamson, Sir Hedworth, Bart.,
Durham County.
Willoughby, Sir Henry Pollard,
Bart., Newcastle-under-Lyne.
* Wilmot, Sir John Eardley E., Bart,
Warwickshire.
* Windham, William Howe, Norfolk.
Winnington, Sir Thomas Edward,
Bart., Bewdley.
Wood, Charles, Halifax.
Wood, George William, Lancashire.
Wood, Thomas, Brecknockshire.
Wood, Matthew, London.
Wrottesley, Sir John, Bart., Staf-
fordshire.
Wyndham, Wadham, Salisbury.
Wynn, Sir Watkin Williams, Bart,
Denbighshire.
Wyn, Right Hon. Charles Watkin
W., Montgomeryshire.

º:


* Yelverton, Hon. William Henry,
Carmarthen, &c.
* Yorke, Charles Philip, Cambridge-
shire,
Young, John, Cavanshire.
* Young, George Frederick, Tyne-
mouth,
ALPHABETICAL LIST
MEMBERS OF THE LATE PARLIAMENT
WHO HAVE NOT BEEN ELECTED TO SERVE
IN THE PRESENT ONE.
A' Court, E. H., Heytesbury.
Adeane, H. J., Cambridgeshire.
Alexander, J., Old Sarum.
Alexander, Du Pre, Old Sarum.
Antrobus, G. C., Plympton.
Arbuthnot, C. G., Tregony.
Ashley, Hon. John, Gatton.
Astell, William, Bridgewater.
Atkins, John, Arundel.
Baldwin, C. B., Totness.
Banks, G., Corfe Castle.
Baring, Sir Thomas, Wycombe.
Barham, J., Stockbridge.
Barnes, F., Dunwich.
Bastard, John, Dartmouth.
Beckett, Sir John, Haslemere.
Beresford, Marcus, Berwick.
Beresford, Sir J. P., Northallerton.
Bernard, Thomas, King's County.
Best, Hon. W. S., St. Michael's.
Blair, William, Ayrshire.
Blount, G., Steyning.
Bodkin, J. J., Galway Borough.
Boldero, H. G., Chippenham.
Bouverie, P. P., Downton.
Bouverie, D. P., New Sarum.
Boyle, Viscount, Corkshire.
Boyle, Hon. J., Cork City.
Brabazon, Lord, Dublinshire.
Bradstock, R. H., Brackley.
Bradstock, J., Brackley.
Brayen, Thomas, Leominster.
Brecknock, Earl of, Dunwich.
Bridges, Sir J., Armagh Borough.
Brockden, J., Launceston.
Brownlow, Charles, Armaghshire.
Bruce, C. L. C., Fortrose, &c.
Buck, L. W., Exeter. -
Buckston, J. J., Bedwyn.
Buller, Sir A., West Looe.
Bunbury, Sir Henry, Suffolk.
Burge, William, Eye.
Burke, Sir J., Galwayshire.
Burrard, George, Lymington.
Byng, G. S., Milborne Port.



Campbell, W. F., Argyleshire.
Canning, Sir S., Stockbridge.
Capel, John, Queenborough.
Chichester, Sir A., Belfast.
Cholmondeley, Lord, Castle Rising.
Churchill, Lord Charles, Woodstock.
Clements, J. M., Leitrimshire.
Clerk, Sir George, Edinburghshire.
Clifford, Sir A. W., Bandon.
Clinton, C. J. F., Aldborough.
Clive, H., Montgomeryshire.
Cockburn, Sir George, Plymouth.
Coke, T. W., Norfolk.
Colborne, N. W., Horsham.
Constable, Sir T. C., Hedon.
Cooke, Sir H. F., Orford.
Coote, Sir C. H., Queen's County.
Copeland, W. T., Coleraine.
Courtenay, T. P., Totness.
Cradock, Sheldon, Camelford.
Crampton, Philip, Melborne Port.
Creevey, Thomas, Downton.
Croker, John Wilson, Aldeburgh.
Currie, John, Hertford.
Cust, E., Lostwithiel.
Cust, Hon. P. F., Clithero.


Davidson, D., Cromarty, &c.
Dawkins, J., Wilton.
Dawson, G. R., Harwich.
Dickson, Joseph, Glasgow.
Domville, Sir C., Plympton.
Douglas, W. Keith, Dumfries, &c.
72 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Douglas, Hon. C., Lanarkshire.
Douro, Marquess of, Aldeburgh.
Dowdeswell, J. E., Tewkesbury.
Doyle, Sir J. M., Carlow.
Drake, T. T., Amersham.
Drake, W. T., Amersham.
Duncombe, T. S., Hertford.
Dundas, R. A., Edinburgh City.
East, J. B., Winchester.
Easthope, John, Banbury.
Eliot, Lord, Liskeard.
Encombe, Wiscount, Truro.
Evans, W. B., Leominster.
Evans, De Lacy, Rye.
Fane, Hon. H. S., Lyme Regis.
Fane, Colonel, Lyme Regis.
Farren, Robert, Hedon.
Ferrand, Walker, Tralee.
Fitzgerald, John, Seaford.
Fitzroy, Hon. H., Great Grimsby.
Forbes, Sir Charles, Malmesbury.
Forbes, John, Malmesbury.
Forbes, Viscount, Longford.
Forster, James, Bridgnorth.
Fraser, Sir R., Westbury.
French, Arthur, Roscommonshire.
Freshfield, J. W., Penrhyn.
Gilbert, Davies, Bodmyn.
Gordon, John, Weymouth.
Gordon, J. E., Dundalk.
Graham, Marquis of, Cambridge.
Graham, Sir J., Ludgershall.
Graham, Lord M. W., Dumbarton.
Grant, Sir C., Queenborough.
Gurney, Hudson, Newton, Hants.
Gurney, R. H., Norwich.
Handcock, R., Athlone.
Heywood, B., Lancashire.
Hill, Lord G. A., Carrickfergus.
Hodgson, Frederick, Barnstaple.
Holmes, William, Haslemere.
Holmesdale, Wiscount, East Grim-
stead.
Hope, H. T., East Looe.
Hope, J. T., Okehampton.
Hort, Sir J. W., Kildareshire.
Houldsworth, A. H., Dartmouth.
Howard, Henry, Shoreham.
Howard, the Hon.F. G. Castle Rising.
Hughes, J., Grantham.
Hughes, William Hughes, Oxford.
Hulse, Sir C., West Looe.
Hunt, Henry, Preston.
Hutchinson, J. H., Tipperaryshire.
* Irving, John, Bramber.
Jenkins, R., Shrewsbury.
Jephson, C. D. O., Mallow.
Johnson, James, Inverkeithing.
Jolliffe, Sir W. G., Petersfield.
Jolliffe, Hylton, Petersfield.
Jones, J., Carmarthen.

Kearsley, J. H., Wigan.
Kemmis, Thomas A., East Looe.
Kenyon, Hon. L., St. Michael's.
Kilderbee, S. H., Orford.
Killeen, Lord, Meathshire.
King, Hon. R., Corkshire.
Knight, J. L., Bishop's Castle.
Knight, H. G., Malton.
Knight, R., Wallingford.
Knox, J. H., Newry,



Lambert, J. S., Galwayshire.
Lascelles, Hon. W., Northallerton.
Lawley, Francis, Warwickshire.
Leader, W. P., Kilkennyshire.
Lefroy, A., Longfordshire.
Legh, Thomas, Newton, Lancashire.
Legh, T. C., Wallingford.
Lindsay, Colonel, Fifeshire.
Loch, John. Hythe.
Lovaine, Lord, Beeralston.
Loughborough, Lord, Grimsby.
Lowther, J. H., Cockermouth.
Luttrell, J. F., Minehead.
Lyon, David, Beeralston.
Lyon, W., Seaford.


Mackillop, John, Totness, Tregony.
Mackinnon, W. A., Lymington.
Mahew, W., Colchester.
Maitland, Viscount, Appleby.
Maitland, Captain, Berwick.
Malcolm, Sir John, Launceston.
Marshall, Wm., Beverley.
Martin, Sir T. B., Plymouth.
Mexborough, Earl of Pontefract.
Miles, P. J., Corfe Castle.
Millbanke, Mark, Camelford.
Morgan, C., Brecon.
Morrison, J., Banff.
Mount, Wm., Newport, Isle of Wight.
Murray, Sir George, Perthshire.
Musgrave, Sir R., Waterfordshire.


Newport, Sir John, Waterford City.
Nicholl, Sir John, Bedwyn.
Noel, A., Westmoreland.
Norton, C. S., Guilford.
Nugent, General, Buckingham.
LATE HOUSE
OF COMMONS, 73
Paget, Thomas, Leicestershire.
Parnell, Sir Henry, Queen's-County.
Payne, Sir Peter, Bedfordshire.
Peach, N. W., Truro.
Pearse, John, Devizes.
Peel, Edmund, Newcastle - under-
Lyme.
Pemberton, Thos., St. Alban's.
Pelham, J. C., Shropshire.
Penleaze, J. S., Southampton.
Penrhyn, E., Shaftesbury.
Perceval, Spencer, Tiverton.
Petit, L. H., Ripon.
Phipps, Hon. E., Scarborough.
Pigott, George, St. Mawe's.
Pole, Wm. Wellesley, Essex.
Polhill, Frederick, Bedford.
Pollington, Wiscount, Gatton.
Porchester, Wiscount, Wooton Bassett.
Power, R., Waterfordshire.
Praed, Wm. Mackworth, St. Ger-
main's.
Pringle, Sir W. H., Liskeard.
Pringle, Alexander, Selkirkshire.
Protheroe, Edward, Bristol.
Pusey, Philip, Cashel.
Ramsay, W., Stirlingshire.
Ramsden, J. C., Yorkshire.
Ray, Sir William, Portarlington.
Roberts, W. A. Bewdley.
Rochfort, G., Westmeathshire.
Rogers, Edward, Bishop's Castle.
Rose, Sir George, Christchurch.
Rose, G. P., Christchurch.
Russell, W., Durham.
Russell, R. G., Thirsk.
Russell, John, Kinsale.
Ryder, G. D., Tiverton.
Sadler, M. T., Aldborough.
Schonswar, G., Kingston-on-Hull.
Scott, Sir Samuel, Whitchurch.
Scott, H. F., Roxburghshire.
Scott, H. B. Honiton.
Severn, I. C., Fowey.
Seymour, H. B., Bodmyn.
Sibthorp, Colonel, Lincoln.
Smith, G. R., Midhurst.
Smith, M. T., Midhurst.
Smith, Samuel, Wendover.
Smith, Abel, Wendover.
Spence, George, Ripon.
St. Paul, Sir Horace, Bridport.
Stanhope, R. H., Dover.
Stevenson, H. F., Westbury.
Stewart, Charles, Penrhyn.
Stuart, Lord P. G., Cardiff.
Sugden, Sir Edward, St. Mawe's.
Taylor, G. W., Devizes.
Thynne, Lord John, Bath.
Thynne, Lord H. F., Weobly.
Thynne, Lord E., Weobly.
Tomes, John, Warwick.
Townshend, Lord F. Helston.
Townshend, Hon. George,
church.
Trench, Colonel, Cambridge.
Trevor, Hon. Arthur, Durham City.
Tufton, Hon. H., Appleby.
Tunno, E. R. Bossiney.

Whit-

Ure, Masterton, Weymouth.
Valletort, Viscount, Lostwithiel.
Vaughan, J. E., Wells.
Venables, Alderman, London.
Vere, J. J., Newport, Isle of Wight.
Williers, F. Saltash.
Walrond, Bethel, Saltash.
Warrender, Sir George, Honiton.
Webb, E., Gloucester.
West, F. R., East Grinstead.
Westenra, H. R., Monaghanshire.
Western, C. C*., Essex.
Wetherell, Sir Charles, Boroughbridge.
Weyland, Hendon, Middlesex.
White, H., Dublinshire.
Wigram, William, New Ross.
Wilde, Thomas, Newark.
Williams, Sir J., Carmarthenshire.
Williams, John, Winchelsea.
Williams, Owen, Great Marlow.
Wood, John, Preston.
Worcester, Marquess of, Monmouth.
Wortley, J. S., Bossiney.
Wrangham, D. C., Sudbury.
Wrightson, W. B., Kingston-upon-
Hull.


Wyse, Thomas, Tipperaryshire.
* Since created a Peer.
A LPH ABETICAL List
or THE
HOUSE OF PEERS:
WITH THEIR
RESPECTIVE AGES AND PLACES OF RESIDENCE.
Abercorn, Marquess of
Abercrombie, Baron,
Abergavenny, Earl of,
Abingdon, Earl of,
Ailesbury, Marquess of,
Airlie, Earl of, R.S.P.
Ailsa, Marquess of,
Albemarle, Earl of,
Alvanley, Baron,
Amherst, Earl,
Anglesey, Marquess of,
Arbuthnot, Wiscount, R.S.P.
Arden, Baron,
Ardrossan, Baron (Earl of
toun, S.P.)
Arundel, Baron,
Ashburnham, Earl of,
Auckland, Baron,
Audley, Baron,
Aylesford, Earl of,
Bagot, Baron,
Bangor, Bishop of,
Barham, Baron,
Bath, Marquess of,
Bath and Wells, Bishop of,
Bathurst, Earl,
Bayming, Baron,
Beauchamp, Earl,
Beaufort, Duke of,
Bedford, Duke of,
Belmore, Earl of,
Beresford, Viscount,
Berkeley, Earl of,
Berners, Baron,
Town Residence, &c.
7, Argyll-street.
Warren's Hotel, 1, Regent-street.
34, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Wytham, Berks.
41, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Airlie Castle, Forfarshire.
Whitehall Gardens.
12, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Tarporley, Cheshire.
66, Grosvenor-street.
1, Old Burlington-street.
Arbuthnot House, Kincardineshire, Scot.
26, St. James's-place.

Co. Se. Eglintoun Castle, Ayrshire.
Mivart's Hotel, 44, Brook-street.
47, Upper Grosvenor-street.
30, Grosvenor-street.
3, Sussex-place.
7, Audley-square.
Co. Se. Blithfield House, Staffordshire.
Warren's Hotel, 1, Regent-street.
Co. Se. Barham Court, Kent.
Co. Se. Longleat, near Warminster, Wilts.
4, Langham-place.
16, Arlington-street.
16, Suffolk-street.
37, Portman-square.
5, Grosvenor-square.
6, Belgrave-square.
Co, Se. Castlecoole, Liniskea, Ireland.
16, Cavendish-square.
6, Spring Gardens.
Co. Se. Didlington and Ashwelthorpe,
Norfolk.


THE HOUSE OF PEERS.
7
5
Aged
Berwick, Baron, 62
Beverley, Earl of, 55
Bexley, Baron, 67
Bolingbroke and St. John, Wiscount,
Bolton, Baron,
Boston, Baron,
Boyle, Baron (Earl of Cork and Or-
rery, I.P. 66
Bradford, Earl of, 44
Brandon, Duke of (Duke of Hamil-
ton, S.P.) 66
47
51
56
Braybrooke, Baron, 50
Breadalbane, Marquess of, 71
Bristol, Bishop of,
Bristol, Marquess of, 64
Broderick, Baron (Viscount Middle-
79
ton, I.P.)
Brooke and Warwick, Earl of, 54
Brougham and Vaux, Baron, 54
Brownlow, Earl, 54
Buckingham and Chandos, Duke of,
Buckinghamshire, Earl of, 4
Burlington, Earl of, 79
Bute, Marquess of, 40
Byron, Baron, 44
Cadogan, Earl, 83
Caledon, Earl of, 56
Calthorpe, Baron, 46
Cambridge, Duke of, 59
Camden, Marquess, 74
Camperdown, Earl of, 48
Canterbury, Archbishop of,
Carbery, Baron, 68
Cardigan, Earl of, 64
Carleton, Baron (Earl of Shannon,
I.P.) 62
Carlisle, Bishop of,
Carlisle, Earl of, 60
Carnarvon, Earl of, 61
Carrick, Earl of, 54
Carrington, Baron, 81
Carteret, Baron, 63
Carysfort, Baron (Earl of Carysfort,
I.P 58
Cather, Earl of 78
Cawdor, Earl of, 43
Charlemont, Earl of, 58
Charleville, Earl of, R.I.P. 69
Chatham, Earl of, 77
Chaworth, Baron (Earl of Meath,
- I.P.) 61
Chester, Bishop of,
Chesterfield, Earl of, 28
Chichester, Bishop of,
Chichester, Earl of, 29
Town Residence, &c.
Co. Se. Attingham, Salop.
8, Portman-square.
31, Great George-street.
Co. Se. Lydiard, Wiltshire.
Co. Se. Bolton-hall, Yorkshire.
Co. Se. Hedsor, Bucks.

3, Hamilton-place.
Co. Se.. Weston Hall, Shiffnal, Staffords.
12, Portman-square.
10, New Burlington-street.
21, Park-lane.
36, Great George-street.
6, St. James's-square.
12, Upper Brook-street.
7, Carlton Gardens.
48, Berkeley-square.
4, Great Stanhope-street.
91, Pall Mall.
1, Spanish-place, Manchester-square.
49, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Campden Hill, Kensington.
21, Eaton-place, Belgrave-square.

Co. Se. Santon Downham, Suffolk.
5, Carlton House Terrace.
33, Grosvenor-square.
94, Piccadilly.
22, Arlington-street.
Co. Se. Lundie, Perthshire.
Lambeth Palace.
Co. Se. Castle Freke, Cork.
36, Portman-square.

7, Connaught-place.
110, Gloucester-place, Portman-square.
12, Grosvenor-place.
43, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Mount Juliet, Kilkenny, Ireland.
Whitehall-yard.
Co. Se. Hawne’s-place, co. Bedford.
Co. Se. Glenart Castle, Wicklow, Ireld.
Co. Se. Shaw Park, Clackmananshire,
N. B.
74, South Audley-street.
59, Grosvenor-street.
14, Cavendish-square.
10, Charles-street, Berkeley-square.
-
1, Connaught-place.
Palace, Chester.
Chesterfield House, South Audley-street.
14, Old-square, Lincoln's Inn.
Co, Se, Stanmer, Sussex.

H 2
76
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Cholmondeley, Marquess of, 41
Churchill, Baron, 54
Clanbrassil, Baron (Earl of Roden,
I.P 55
Clancarty, Earl of, R.I.P. (Viscount
Clancarty, U.K. 66
Clanwilliam, Baron (Earl of Clanwil-
liam, I.P.)
Clarendon, Earl of,
Clements, Baron (Earl of Leitrim,
.P.)
Cleveland, Duke of, 67
Clifford, Baron, 43
Clifton, Baron (Earl of Darnley,
I.P.) 38
76
Clinton, Baron, 42
Cloncurry, Baron, 60
Clonfert, Bishop of, R. I. Prel.
Colchester, Baron, 35
Colville, Baron, R.S.P. 65
Combermere, Wiscount, 64
Cornwallis, Earl, 55
Coventry, Earl of, 49
Cowley, Baron, 60
Cowper, Earl, 55
Craven, Earl, 24
Crewe, Baron, 54
Cumberland, Duke of, 62
Dacre, Baron, 59
Dalhousie, Baron (Earl of Dalhousie,
S.P.) 63
Dartmouth, Earl of, 49
Dawnay, Baron (Viscount Downe,
I.P 6
De instanville and Basset, Baron, 76
De la Mere, Baron, 66
De la Warr, Earl, 42
Denbigh, Earl of, 37
De Ros, Baron, 41
De Saumarez, Baron, 76
De Tabley, Baron, 22
Derby, Earl of, 81
Devon, Earl of, 65
Devonshire, Duke of, 43
Digby, Earl, 60
Dinorben, Baron, 66
Doncaster, Earl of (Duke of Buccleugh
and Queensberry, S.P.) 27
Poneraile, Wiscount, 47
Dorchester, Baron, 22
Dormer, Baron, 43
Dorset, Duke of, 66
Douglas, Baron, 60
Dover, Baron, 36
Aged.
Town Residence, &c.
12, Carlton House Terrace.
Co. Se. Wimbledon, Surrey.
Hyde Park Hotel.
Clarendon Hotel, 169, New Bond-street.
7, Stanhope-street.
18, North Audley-street.
18, Great Cumberland-street.
17, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Ugbrook Park, Chudleigh, Devon.
Co. Se. Cobham Hall, near Rochester,
Kent.
22, Park-street, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se Lyon's Castle, Kildare, Ireland.
Co. Se. Clonfert House, Galwayshire,
Co. Se. Kidbrooke, Sussex.
29, Portland-place.
Combermere Abbey, Cheshire.
6, Hill-street.
106, Piccadilly.
12, Grosvenor-street.
11, Little Maddox-street.
16, Charles-street, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Crewe Hall, near Namptwich,
Cheshire.
St. James’s Palace.

2, Chesterfield-street.
Gordon’s Hotel, Albemarle-street.
1, St. James's-square.
30, Upper Brook-street.
South-place, Knightsbridge.
Vale Royal, Northwich, Cheshire.
17, Upper Grosvenor-street.
18, Eaton-place, Belgrave-square.
3, Park-place, St. James’s.
Co. Res. Guernsey.
Mivart's Hotel, 44, Brook-street.
23, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Powderham Castle, Devon.
78, Piccadilly.
23, Grosvenor-square.
75, South Audley-street.

Whitehall Gardens.
Hyde Park Hotel.
Co. Se, Stuffings, Berks.
Mivart's Hotel, 44, Brook-street.
52, Harley-street.
Co. Se. Douglas Castle, Lanarksh, N.B.
Whitehall.
THE HOUSE OF PEERS. 77
Aged.
Dublin, Archbishop of, R. I. Prel.
Ducie, Baron, 67
Dudley, Earl of, 52
Dufferin and Claneboy, Baron, 78
Dunally, Baron, 58
Dundas, Baron, 67
Dunmore, Baron (Earl of D. I.P.) 71
Durham, Bishop of,
Durham, Baron, 41
Dynevor, Baron, 68
Egremont, Earl of, 82
Eldon, Earl of, 82
Elgin and Kincardine, Earl of, R.S.P.67
Ellenborough, Baron, 42
Elphinstone, Baron, R.S.P. 26
Ely, Bishop of,
Enniskillen, Earl of, R.I.P. (Baron
Grinstead, U.K.)
Erskine, Baron, 60
Essex, Earl of, 76
Exeter, Bishop of,
Exeter, Marquess of, 38
Exmouth, Viscount, 47
Falmouth, Earl of, 46
Farnborough, Baron, 73
Farnham, Baron, 66
Ferrard, Viscount, R.I.P. (Baron
Oriel, U.K.) 68
Ferrers, Earl, 73
Feversham, Baron, 69
Fife, Baron (Earl of Fife, S.P.) 57
Fingall, Baron (Earl of Fingall, I.P.) 74
Fisherwick, Baron (Marquess of Do-
negall, I.P.)
Fitzgerald and Vesey, Baron,
Fitzgibbon, Baron(Earl of Clare, I.P.)41
Fitzwilliam, Earl 47
Foley, Baron, 53
Forbes, Baron, R.S.P. 68
Forester, Baron, 32
Fortescue, Earl, 80
Gage, Baron (Viscount Gage, I.P.) 42
Gambier, Baron, 77
Gardner, Baron, 23
* Gifford, Baron, 16
Glengall, Earl of, 39
Glenlyon, Baron, 51
Gloucester and Edinburgh, Duke of, 57
Gloucester, Bishop of,
Goderich, Wiscount, 51
Godolphin, Baron, 56
Town Residence, &c.
Stephen's Green, and Tallagh Castle,
Dublin.
2, Seymour-place, Curzon-street.
Park lane.
17, Cavendish-square.
Mivart's Hotel, 44, Brook-street.
17, Hertford-street, May-fair.
39, Albemarle-street.
23, Hanover-square.
13, Cleveland-row.
34, Dover-street.

4, Grosvenor-place.
1, Hamilton-place.
Broom Hall, Fifeshire.
8, Waterloo-place.
Co. Se, Cumbernauld House, Dumbarton.
shire, N.B.
37, Dover-street.

Florence Court, Fermanagh, Ireland.
Co. Se. Rosamont, Ayrshire.
9, Belgrave-square.
34, St. James’s-place.
Co. Se. Burghley House, near Stamford,
Lincolnshire.
Co. Se. Teignmouth, Devon.
2, St. James’s-square.
Whitehall Gardens.
Co. Se, Newton Barry, Wexford.
Co. Se, Oriel Temple, Louth, Ireland.
Co. Se. Chartley Castle, Lichfield, Staffs.
24, Arlington-street.
Co. Se. Duff House, Banffshire.
Co. Se. Killeen Castle, Meath, Ireland.


Co. Se. Haye Park, Downshire.
3, New-street, Spring-gardens.
Co. Se. Mount Shannon, Nenagh, Ireland.
4, Grosvenor-square.
16, Bruton-street.
Co. Se. Castle Forbes, Aberdeenshire.
21, Charles-street, Berkeley-square.
17, Grosvenor-square.
Grillon’s Hotel, 7, Albemarle-street.
Co. Se. Iver, Bucks.
Co. Se. Court Garden, Gt. Marlow, Bucks.
Co. Se. Putney Common, Surrey.
54, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Blair Athol, Perthshire.
Park-lane.
Cloisters, Dean's-yard, Westminster.
l, Carlton Gardens.
Co. Se. Farnham Royal, Bucks.
H 3
78
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Gordon, Viscount, (Earl of Aber-
deen, S.P 49
Gort, Wiscount,
Gosford, Earl of,
Gower, Baron (Earl Gower by cour-
65
58
tesy.) 47
Grafton, Duke of, 73
Graham, Earl of (Duke of Mont-
rose, S.P.) 78
Granard, Baron(EarlofGranard, I.P.)73
Grantham, Baron, 52
Grantley, Baron 37
Granville, Viscount, 60
Gray, Baron, R.S.P.
Grenville, Baron,
Grey, Earl,
Grey of Groby, Baron,
Guilford, Earl of,
Hamilton, Baron (Baron Belhaven and
Stenton, S.P.) 40
Harborough, Earl of, 36
Hardwicke, Earl of, 76
Harewood, Earl of,
Harrington, Earl of,
Harris, Baron, 51
Harrowby, Earl of,
Hastings, Marquess of,
Hawke, Baron,
Hay, Baron (Earl of Kinnoul, S.P.) 48
Hereford, Bishop of,
Hereford, Viscount,
Hertford, Marquess of,
Heytesbury, Baron,
Hill, Baron,
Hillsborough, Earl of (Marquess of
Downshire, I.P.) 45
Holland, Baron, 60
Home, Earl of, R.S.P. 64
Hood, Viscount, 80
Hopetoun and Niddry, Baron (Earl
of Hopetoun, S.P.) 0
Howard of Effingham, Baron, 66
Howard de Walden, Baron 34
Howden, Baron, 71
Howe, Earl,
Howland, Baron (Marquess of Ta-
vistock by courtesy) 45
Hunsdon, Baron (Vis, Falkland, S.P.) 30
Huntingdon, Earl of 25
Hutchinson, Viscount (Earl of Do-
noughmore, I.P.)
Ilchester, Earl of 46
Aged. w
Town Residence, &c.
7, Argyll-street.
Co. Se. Loughcooter Castle, Galway.
Co. Se. Gosford Castle, Armagh.

2, Hamilton-place.
47, Clarges-street.
25, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Castle Forbes, Longford, Ireland.
11, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Grantley Park, Yorkshire.
Res. British Embassy, Paris.
Co. Se. Kinfaun’s Castle, Perthshire.
Co. Se. Dropmore, Beaconsfield, Bucks.
10, Downing-street.
33, Hill-street, Berkeley-square.
33, Brook-street.


Co. Se. Wishaw, Lanarkshire, N.B.
Stevens’s Hotel, 11, Clifford-street.
3, St. James's-square.
Harewood-place, Hanover-square.
Whitehall Gardens.
30, Albemarle-street.
39, Grosvenor-square. -
Burlington Hotel, 29, Old Burlington-st.
Scarthingwell Hall, Yorkshire.
51, Grosvenor-street.
Palace, Hereford.
Co. Se. Nant-cribba Hall, Montgomerysh.
Park-lane, and Villa, Regent's-park.
Co. Se. Heytesbury, Wilts.
Horse Guards, and Westbourne House
Paddington. -

Co. Se. East Hampstead Park, {
Bracknell, Berks.
30, Old Burlington-street. -
Co. Se. Hirsel Coldstream, Berwick.
Co. Se. Whitley Abbey, near Coventry.
Co. Se. Hopetoun House, Linlithgowsh.
Co. Se. The Grange, near Rotheram,
Yorkshire.
2, Audley-square.
13, Hereford-street.
8, South Audley-street.
8, Spring Gardens.
Co. Se. Hanwick Hall, Durham.
47, Baker-street.
6, Sackville-street.
31, Old Burlington-street.
THE HOUSE OF PEERS.
79
Aged.
Jersey, Earl of, 60
Kenlis, Baron (Marquess of Head-
fort, I.P.) 46
Kenyon, Baron 57
Ker, Baron (Marq. of Lothian, S.P.) 39
Killala, Bishop of, R.I.Prel.
Kilmarnock, Baron(Earlof Errol,S.P.)32
King, Baron, 67
Kingston, Earl of, R.I.P. (Baron
Kingston, U.K.) 72
Lake, Wiscount, 71
Lansdowne, Marquess of, 53
Lauderdale, Baron (Earl of Lauder-
dale, S.P.) 74
Leeds, Duke of, 78
Leinster, Vis.(Duke of Leinster, I.P.) 42
Leven and Melville, Earl of, R.S.P. 48
Lichfield and Coventry, Bishop of, 56
Lichfield, Earl of, 38
Lilford, Baron, 32
Limerick, Earl of, R.I.P. 75
Lincoln, Bishop of,
* Lindsey, Earl of, 19
Liverpool, Earl of, 48
Llandaff, Bishop of,
Loftus, Baron (Marquess of Ely, I.P.) 63
London, Bishop of,
Longford, Earl of, R.I.P. 59
Lonsdale, Earl of, 76
Lorton, Viscount, 60
Lovel and Holland, Baron (Earl of
Egmont, I.P.) 66
Lucan, Earl of, 69
Ludlow, Baron (Earl of Ludlow, I.P.) 75
Lyndhurst, Baron, 61
Lynedoch, Baron, 83
Lyttleton, Baron, 51
Macclesfield, Earl of, 78
Malmesbury, Earl of, 55
Manchester, Duke of, 65
Manners, Baron, 77
Mansfield, Earl of, 56
Manvers, Earl of, 55
Marlborough, Duke of, 67
Maryborough, Baron, 70
Maynard, Viscount, 47
Mayo, Earl of, 67
Melbourne, Baron (Viscount M.I.P.)54
Meldrum, Baron(Earlof Aboyne,S.P.)72
Melrose, Baron (Earl of Hadding-
ton, S.P.) 53
Melville, Viscount,
Mendip, Baron (Visc. Clifden, S.P.)
Middleton, Baron,
62
72
Town Residence, &c.
38, Berkeley-square.

Co. Se. Kells, Meath.
9, Portman-square.
Mount Tivot-lodge, Jedburgh, N.B.
Killala Castle, Mayoshire.
St. James's-palace.
38, Dover-street.

Co. Se. Mitchel’s-town Castle, Corkshire.
Co. Se. Aston Clinton, Bucks.
54, Berkeley-square.
Warren's Hotel, 1, Regent-street.
Whitehall.
6, Carlton House Terrace.
Co. Se. Leven House, Fife, N.B.
5, Belgrave-street.
13, St. James's-square.
14, Great Stanhope-street.
Warren’s Hotel, 1, Regent-street.
Warren’s Hotel, 1, Regent-street.
Co. Se. Uffington, Lincolnshire.
45, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Deanery, St. Paul's.
Co. Se. Ely Castle, Fermanagh.
22, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Longford Castle, Longfordshire.
12, Charles-street, Berkeley-square.
84, Eaton-square.

Co. Se. Enmore Castle, Ashford,Somerset.
5, Hyde-park Place.
15, New Burlington-street.
6, Hyde Park Terrace.
12, Stratton-street.
Co. Se. Hagley Park, Stourbridge, Wor-
cestershire.
9, Conduit-street.
Whitehall Gardens.
4, Grosvenor-gate, Park-lane.
56, Upper Brook-street.
Co. Se. Caen Wood, Middlesex.
13, Portman-square.
Co. Se. Blenheim, Oxon.
3, Saville-street.
38, Grosvenor-square.
24, Norfolk-street, Park-lane.
39, South-street, Grosvenor-square.
20, Charles-street, Berkeley-square.


43, Berkeley-square.
Co. Se. Melville Castle, near Edinburgh.
22, Hanover-square.
88, St. James's-street.

80
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Aged.
Minster, Baron (Marquess of Conyng-
ham, I.P.)
Minto, Earl of,
36
51
Monson, Baron, 24
Montague, Baron, 57
Monteagle, Baron (Marquess of
Sligo, I.P.) 45
Montfort, Baron, 60
Moore, Baron (Marquess of Dro-
gheda, I.P.)
Morley, Earl of,
Morton, Earl of, R.S.P.
Mostyn, Baron,
Mountcashel, Earl of,
Mount Edgecumbe, Earl of,
Mulgrave, Earl of (Gov. of Jamaica), 36
Munster, Earl of, 39
Nelson, Earl 76
Newcastle, Duke of, 48
Norfolk, Duke of,
Northampton, Marquess of,
Northumberland, Duke of,
Northwick, Baron,
Norwich, Bishop of,
Norwich, Earl of (Duke of Gordon,
I.P.) 63
50
54
56
Oakley, Baron,
O'Neill, Earl,
Onslow, Earl of,
Orford, Earl of, 50
Orkney, Earl of, R.S.P. 30
Ormonde, (Marquess Ormonde, I.P.) 59
Ossory, Bishop of, R.I. Prel.
Oxford, Bishop of, 51
Oxford and Mortimer, Earl of, 60
Paget, Baron, 36
Panmure, Baron, - 62
Pembroke and Montgomery, Earl of 42
Penshurst, Baron (Visc. Strangford,
I.P.
Peterborough, Bishop of,
Petre, Baron,
Plunket, Baron,
Plymouth, Earl of,
Poltimore, Baron,
Pomfret, Earl of,
Ponsonby, Baron, of Sysonby (Earl of
Besborough, I.P.) 75
Ponsonby, Baron, of Imokilly, 63
Portland, Duke of, 65
Portsmouth, Earl of, 66
Poulett, Earl of, 50
79
Powis, Earl of,
Town Residence, &c.
5, Hamilton-place.
Co. Se. Minto Castle, Roxburghshire.
11, Carlton House Terrace.
6, Hamilton-place.

2, Mansfield-street.
Co. Se. Monk’s Grove, Surrey.
Co. Se. Moore Abbey, Kildare, Ireland.
South Place, Knightsbridge.
7, Old Palace-yard.
9, Lower Seymour-street.
Co. Se. Moore Park, Cork.
Mount Edgecumbe, Devonport.
Co. Se. Mulgrave Castle, Whitby, Yorksh.
13, Belgrave-street.
23, Portman-square.
17, Portman-square.
21, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Castle Ashby, Northamptomshire.
Charing Cross.
2, Connaught-place.
20, Great Cumberland-place.

Grillon’s Hotel, 7, Albemarle-street.
16, Park-lane.
Co. Se. Shane's Castle, Antrim, Ireland.
Pulteney Hotel, 13, Albemarle-street.
Co. Se. Wolterton Park, Norfolk.
156, Albany-street, Regent's Park.
14, Weymouth-street.
Kilkenny Palace, Ireland.
Co. Se. Cuddesden Palace, Oxford.
Co. Se. Brampton Park, Herefordshire.


32, Bruton-street, Berkeley-square.
Brechin Castle, Forfarshire.
Co. Se. Wilton House, near Salisbury.

68, Harley-street.
Palace, Peterborough.
3, Mansfield-street.
Co. Se. Old Connaught, Wicklow.
27, Grosvenor-square.
19, Grosvenor-square.
33, Portman-square.

20, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Bishop's Court, Kildare.
19, Cavendish-square.
Co. Se. Hurstsbourne Park, Hants.
Co. Se. Hinton St. George, Crewkerne,
Somerset.
45, Berkeley-square.
THE HOUSE
OF PEERS. 81
Aged.
Prudhoe, Baron, 41
Radnor, Earl of, 54
Ranfurly, Baron (Earl of Ranfurly,
I.P.) 79
Ravensworth, Baron, 58
Redesdale, Baron, 28
* Ribblesdale, Baron, 5
Richmond, Duke of (Duke of Lennox,
S.P.) 42
Rivers, Baron,
Rochester, Bishop of,
Rodney, Baron,
Rolle, Baron, 77
Romney, Earl of, 56
Rosebery, Baron (Earl of Rosebery 5
S.P.
23
51
Ross, Baron (Earl of Glasgow, S.P.) 67
Rosse, Earl of, 75
Rossie, Baron (Baron Kinnaird, S.P.) 26
Rosslyn, Earl of, 71
Rutland, Duke of, 55
St. Alban's, Duke of, 32
St. Asaph, Bishop of,
St. David’s, Bishop of,
St. German's, Earl of,
St. Helen’s, Baron,
St. John, Baron,
St. Vincent, Viscount,
Salisbury, Bishop of,
Salisbury, Marquess of,
Saltersford, Baron (Earl of Courtown,
I.P.) 68
Saltoun and Abernethy, Baron, R.S.P.48
67
80
22
42
Sandwich, Earl of, 22
Saye and Sele, Baron, 64
Scarborough, Earl of, 72
Scarsdale, Baron, 82
Seaford, Baron, 62
Sefton, Baron (Earl of Sefton, I.P.) 61
Segrave, Baron, 47
Selkirk, Earl of, R.S.P.
Selsey, Baron,
Shaftesbury, Earl of,
Sheffield, Baron (Earl of Sheffield,
I.P
Sherborne, Baron,
Shrewsbury, Earl of,
Sidmouth, Wiscount,
Sinclair, Baron, R.S. P.
Skelmersdale, Baron, 62
Somerhill, Baron (Marquess of Clan-
ricarde, I.P.) 3
Somers, Earl of,
Somerset, Duke of,
73
5S
Town Residence, &c.
Co. Se, Stanwick Park, Yorkshire.
52, Grosvenor-street.
Co. Se. Dungannon Park, Tyrone.
Co. Se. Percy’s Cross, Fulham.
49, Harley-street.
(A Minor).


9, Cavendish-square.
10, Grosvenor-place.
Res. Bromley Palace, Kent.
70, Pallmall.
18, Upper Grosvenor-street.
8, St. James's-square.

139, Piccadilly.
Co. Se. Kelburn House, Ayrshire, N.B.
Co. Se, Birr Castle, King's County.
5, A. Albany.
10, St. James's-square.
Belvoir Castle, Leicestershire.
1, Stratton-street.
Palace, St. Asaph, Flintshire.
Aberguilly Palace, Carmarthenshire.
7, New Burlington-street.
19, Grafton-street, Bond-street.
Co. Se. Bletsoe Park, Bedfordshire.
30, Upper Grosvenor-street.
Res. Palace, Salisbury.
4, Grafton-street, Bond-street.

Co. Se. Wexford, Ireland.
1, Great Cumberland-street.
39, Mount-street.
25, Bruton-street.
º Park Hotel.
o, Se, Keddleston Hall, Derbyshire.
2, Audley-square.
21, Arlington-street.
6, Spring Gardens.
Co, Se, St. Mary's, Kirkcudbright.
West Dean House, Midhurst, Sussex.
24, Grosvenor-square.

20, Portland-place.
Co. Se. Northleach, Gloucestershire.
7, Stanhope-street.
Batts’s Hotel, 41, Dover-street.
Co. Se. Nesbit House, Berwickshire.
55, Portland-place.

14, St. James's-square.
Co. Se. Eastnor Castle, Herefordshire.
Park-lane.

82
ALPHABETICAL LIST OF
Aged.
Sondes, Baron, 41
Southampton, Baron, 29
Spencer, Earl, 75
Stafford, Baron, 62
Stamford and Warrington, Earl of, 68
Stanhope, Earl, 52
Stanley, Baron, - 58
Stewart, Baron, of Garlies (Earl of
Galloway, I.P.) 65
Stourton, Baron, 57
Stowell, Baron, 88
Stradbroke, Earl of, 39
Strange, Earl of (Duke of Atholl,
S.P
.P.) 55
Strathallan, Viscount, R.S.P.
66
Stuart, Baron (Earl of Moray,
S.P.) 62
Stuart de Rothesay, Baron, 53
Suffield, Baron, 52
Suffolk and Berkshire, Earl of, 57
Sundridge and Hamilton, Baron
(Duke of Argyll, S.P.) 65
Sussex, Duke of, 60
Sutherland, Duke of, 75
Sydney, Wiscount, 28
Talbot, Earl, 56
Tankerville, Earl of, 57
Templemore, Baron, 36
Tenterden, Baron, 37
Teynham, Baron, 65
Thanet, Earl of, 58
Thomond, Marquess of, R.I.P. (Baron
6
Tadcaster, U.K.) 7
* Thurlow, Baron, 19
Torrington, Wiscount, 21
Townshend, Marquess of, 55
Tweeddale, Marquess of, R. S. P. 46
Tyrone, Baron (Marquess of Water-
ford, I.P.)
Vane, Earl (Marquess of London-
derry, I.P.) - 5
Vernon, Baron, 54
Verulam, Earl, 58
Waldegrave, Earl, 48
Wallace, Baron,
Walsingham, Baron, 55
Wellesley, Baron (Marquess Welles-
ley, I.P.) 77
Wellington, Duke of, -64
Wemyss, Baron (Earl of Wemyss and
March, S.P.) 61
Wenlock, Baron,
Western, Baron,
Westmeath, Marquess of, 48
F
|||||
|
|
Town Residence, &c.
Co. Se. Lees Court, Kent.
Clarendon Hotel, 169, New Bond-street.
27, St. James’s Place.
Co. Se. Costessy Park, Norfolk.
33, Hill-street.
12, Albemarle-street.
12, Upper Grosvenor-street.

Co. Se. Sunning-Hill, Berkshire.
10, Mansfield-street.
I1, Grafton-street, Bond-street.
38, South-steet, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Dunkeld House, Atholl, Perth-
shire, N.B.
Strathallan Castle, Perthshire.

Co. Sé. Doune Castle, Perthshire.
3, St. James's Square.
Vernon House, Park-place.
Co. Se. Suffolk House, Cheltenham.
29, Upper Brook-street.
Kensington Palace.
Stable-yard, St. James's Palace.
Co. Se. Frognall, near Foot's Cray, Kent.

Co. Se. Ingestre Hall, Staffordshire.
26, Grosvenor-square.
38, Portman-square.
28, Russell-square.
Co. Se. Linstead Lodge, Kent.
15, Connaught-square.

41, Belgrave-square.
Co. Se. Knight's Hill, Dulwich, Kent.
Yoke's-place, near Mereworth, Kent.
Co. Se. Tamworth Castle, Staffordshire.
Co. Se. Yester House, Haddingtonshire.
Co. Se, Curraghmore Waterford.
Holdernesse House, Park-lane.
Co. Se. Sudbury Hall, Derbyshire.
42, Grosvenor-square.
Co. Se. Strawberry-hill, Twickenham.
Co. Se. Carlton Hall, Cumberland.
7, Upper Portland-place.
St. John's Lodge, Regent's Park.
149, Piccadilly.
19, Stratford-place.
8, Carlton House Terrace.
35, South-street, Grosvenor-square.
12, Wilton Crescent,

III
3 9015 02843 5694

THE HOUSE
OF PEERS. 83
Aged
Westminster, Marquess of, 66
Westmoreland, Earl of, 74
Wharncliffe, Baron,
Wicklow, Earl of,
Wigan, Baron(Earlof Balcarras, S.P.) 50
Willoughby de Broke, Baron, 60
Willoughby d'Eresby and Gwydyr,
Baron, 5]
Wilton, Earl of, 34
Winchester, Bishop of,
Winchester, Marquess of, 59
Winchilsea and Nottingham, Earl of, 42
Wodehouse, Baron, 92
Worcester, Bishop of,
Wynford, Baron, 66
52
Yarborough, Baron,
76
York, Archbishop of,
Town Residence, &c.
33, Upper Grosvenor-street.
31, Grosvenor-square.
15, Curzon-street.
2, Cavendish-square.
21, Berkeley-square.
21, Hill-street.
142, Piccadilly.
13, Grosvenor-square.
19, St. James’s-square.
27, Cavendish-square.
16, Suffolk-street.
Ingham, Norfolk.
Res. Palace, Worcester.
Co. Se. Leesons, St. Paul's Cray, Kent.
17 Arlington-street.
40, Grosvenor-square.
SUMMARY
op
THE AGES OF THE PEERS.
4 Minors.
26 From 21 to 30 years.
34 — 31 to 40 –
68 – 41 to 50 —
92 – 51 to 60 —
96 – 61 to 70 —
57 – 71 to 80 –
9 – 81 to 90 –
1 — 92 –

Exclusive of the Prelates.
ER R A TA,
ARMAGHSHIRE, to Wiscount Acheson, add 3d Parl.
BERWICKSHIRE, for Charles Majoribanks, read Marjoribanks.
CHATHAM, to Wm. Leader Maberley, add 2d Parl.
DUMFRIES, to Matthew Sharpe, Esq., prefir a *.
EDINBURGH, to Right Hon. Francis Jeffrey, add 3d Parl.
-, to Right Hon. James Abercrombie, prefix a *.
ELGIN, for Andrew Leigh Hay, read Andrew Leith Hay.
FERMANAGH, to Wiscount Cole, add 2d Parl.
GLoucestER, to John Philpotts, Esq., add 2d Parl.
HAMPSHIRE, to C. S. Lefevre, add 3d Parl.
, to Sir G. T. Staunton, add 3d Parl.
HARWICH, to C. T. Tower, Esq., prefix, a *.
INVERBERVIE, to H. Ross, Esq., add 2d Parl.
IPSWICH, to James Morrison, Esq., add 3d Parl.
KERRY SHIRE, to F. W. Mullins, Esq., add 2d Parl.
LONDONDERRY SHIRE, to Theobald Jones, Esq., add 3d Parl.
LONGFORDSHIRE, for J. A. Rocke, Esq., read J. A. Rorke, Esq.
MALTON, to C. C. Pepys, Esq., add 2d Parl,
NEWCASTLE-UNDER-LYME, to Sir H. P. Willoughby, add 2d Parl.
NORTHALLERTON, for J. G. Ross, Esq., read J. G. Boss, Esq.
POOLE, to Right Hon. Sir John Byng, prefix a *.
ROSCOMMONSHIRE, to D. O'Connor, Esq., add 2d Parl.
ROSS, to J. A. S. M'Kenzie, Esq., add 2d Parl.
STAFFORDSHIRE, to Sir O. Mosley, Bart., prefix a *.
SUFFOLK, to C. Tyrell, Esq., add 3d Parl.

TIVERTON, to John Heathcote, Esq., prefir a *, and dele Born, Mar., and Rel.,
which apply to Gilbert John Heathcote, Esq., M. P. for Lincolnshire.
TRALEE, to M. O'Connell, Esq., add 3d Parl.
TRURO, to Right Hon. Sir Hussey Vivian, prefir a *, dele 5th Parl., To. Res. and
Co. Se., and substitute for To. Res. Senior United Service Club, Pall Mall.
TYRONES". IRE. The Hon. H. T. L. Corry, for Co. Se. Aughrem, read Aughnes.
W A **as Smith Forste *** * *.
en's-