Payments in Installments
Subscriptions may be made payable at such times and in such installments as may best
suit the convenience of the subscriber, extending through the year, or even longer if necessary.
But it is hoped that so far as possible, all installments will be made payable during 1919. All
checks, drafts and money orders should be made payable to the "Treasurer of the University
of Michigan."
Payments in Liberty Bonds
Liberty Bonds will be taken at par in payment of subscriptions.
A "shower" of Liberty Bonds will finish a grand memorial to Dr. Angell and a
splendid monument to "Michigan" spirit.
To Non-resident Non-contributing Alumni
Some alumnus residing outside of Michigan who has not yet contributed and who has
no expectation of visiting Ann Arbor, may ask,—“Why should I contribute to the Union
Building?"
Subscriptions have been made by over 8,000 alumni residing outside of Michigan, almost
every state being represented. For good reason, their hearts are warm towards the University,
though their homes are far away. They have felt an obligation to their Alma Mater and
want to help it keep abreast of the other great Universities. They want to feel a sense of
pride and of participation in its progress. Is not all this true of you?
To Former Contributors Everywhere
Some alumnus who has already contributed, may ask,-"Should I give more?"
He can say, as no one else can. The measure of success in life ought surely to be taken
into account. Many alumni who have just started in their business life have subscribed $50
each; in many cases, it is enough. In many other cases $50 is a pittance, unworthy of the
alumnus. There is no one rule to apply to all. It is a matter for individual consideration.
Many alumni will give little or nothing, for a good or a poor reason. The others must make
up their share. It is so in every undertaking of this kind.
$301,000 is required to finish and furnish the Building, and if this effort fails, the
Building must be closed!
Will the alumni of the University of Michigan permit to stand unfinished, as a monu-
ment of failure, a building so far advanced, consecrated by war service, and dedicated to the
building up of democracy among the students, for all time?
Mail subscription cards either to Treasurer, University of Michigan,
Ann Arbor, Michigan, or to Frederick W. Stevens, Ferdon Road, Ann
Arbor, Michigan
Make all checks, drafts and money orders payable to Treasurer,
University of Michigan.
Send Liberty Bonds by express or registered mail to Treasurer,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor Michigan.
Remember
Remember Tappan, Haven, Angell.
Remember Williams, Frieze, Adams, D'Ooge, Tyler,
Olney, Winchell, Watson, Cocker, Morris, Hudson, Walter.
Remember Wood, Robinson, Denison, Greene, Davis.
Remember Cooley, Campbell, Walker, Pond, Kent.
Remember Ford, Palmer, Frothingham, McLean, Sager,
Dunster.
Remember all the great and wise men who as Regents,
Presidents and Teachers have devoted their lives to founding
and building up the greatest State University in the world, to
make good the ringing declaration of the Ordinance of 1787,
that “religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good
government and to the happiness of mankind, schools and the
means of education shall forever be encouraged."
Remember what the University has done for you and
now do your full part.
LAWRENCE Maxwell, '74.
There are four private dining rooms to furnish, which may
be turned into ten smaller ones, each accommodating from
fourteen to twenty persons. The furniture for the Lobby,
Reading Room, etc., will consist of individual chairs,
writing desks, Davenports and tables, of simple but dur-
able types. A few rugs will be necessary for the ladies'
department, the fourth floor bedrooms and the Reading
Room. The cafeteria equipment for the grill room, is a
substantial item, as this room will care for 160 persons at
one sitting and will be a popular place. The barber shop
equipment will include eight chairs, and like the swimming
pool is eagerly awaited by undergraduates. There will
be twenty-five billiard tables, one of which will be of
tournament size, with tier seats opposite it for spectators.
Office equipment will be necessary, especially for the
student organization activities, to which the third floor is
largely devoted.
FACILITIES AND APPARATUS BY FLOORS
Sub-basement. Ventilating pipes, ventilating fans
and vento-coils. Refrigeration machinery. Garbage in-
cinerator. Elevator and dumb waiter machine. Electri-
cal switchboard. Hot water tanks.
Hot water tanks. Vacuum pumps.
Basement. Storage refrigerators. Bakery. Helps
toilet and locker rooms. Storeroom. Bowling alleys.
Barber shop. Swimming pool. Grill room. Grill room
kitchen. Toilet room. Coat room.
Business office.
Swimming pool filters.
First Floor. Lobby and concourse, including Gen-
eral Desk. Manager's office. Ladies' dining room and
retiring room, reached by special entrance for ladies. Coat
room for men. Toilet. Main dining room. One private
dining room. Kitchen.
Second Floor. Large reading room. Billiard room.
One private dining room. Assembly Hall. Serving
room therefor. Terrace.
Third (or Mezzanine) Floor. Two private dining
rooms. Offices for student organization activities,-ten
desks. Four university society rooms.
Fourth Floor. Forty-nine bedrooms, 68 beds, with
a private bath for each two rooms. Six employe bed-
Six employe bed-
Linen room. Guest's lounging space.
Two
rooms.
floored courts.
Tower. Two University society rooms.
NEW BUILDING TEMPORARILY OPEN
Since the Building was surrendered by the War De-
partment late in December, it has been temporarily kept
open to enable undergraduates and visiting alumni to see
for themselves: (1) what has been done with the money
heretofore provided; (2) the unfinished and unfurnished
condition of the Building; and (3) what splendid service
it might be rendering if finished and furnished.
If the pending effort to raise funds to finish and furnish
the Building should fail, the Building must be closed.
This would mean no income from any source; and,
on the other hand: (1) state, county and municipal taxa-
tion of the land and Building as private property; (2)
constant employment of at least two caretakers,-for a
building of this character cannot be left unprotected either
night or day; (3) heating the Building in freezing
weather,—for modern buildings are not constructed with
the idea that they will not be used; (4) greater cost of
fire insurance and greater depreciation,-common inci-
dents of an unused building; and (5), as a consequence
of all the foregoing items, an indebtedness of the Union,
constantly increasing, with no income or other source of
payment.
INCOME FOR OPERATING Expenses
ON COMPLETION
The completion of the Building and the payment
therefor will be followed immediately by a deed of the
land and building to the "Regents of the University of
Michigan," in fee, in pursuance of a provision in the Con-
stitution of the Michigan Union, thereby making the land
and building the property of the state, free from state,
county and municipal taxes. Thereafter, pursuant to
action already taken by the Regents, the building will be
heated and lighted, within reasonable limitations, from
the central plant of the University, without cost to the
Union. Thereafter, also, pursuant to action already taken
by the Regents, every male student of every department
of the University will become entitled to the privileges
of the building, subject to suitable regulations, every
such student paying to the Treasurer of the Univer-
sity additional tuition of $5
per annum, all of which
will be applied towards paying the current expenses
of the Union. This indicates an annual income of
$20,000 to $25,000 from this source, increasing as
the years bring the increased number of students con-
fidently expected. In addition, there will be the income
from (1) rent of sleeping rooms provided for alumni and
for guests of the University; (2) rent of rooms to the
numerous University societies; (3) rent of private dining
rooms; (4) income from operation of cafeteria, restaurant,
bowling alleys, swimming pool, and from miscellaneous
sources; and (5), let us hope, income from the investment
of an Endowment Fund arising from alumni subscriptions
aggregating more than sufficient to finish and furnish the
Building. The Endowment Fund will be controlled and
directed by a BOARD OF GOVERNORS composed of seven
members, a Regent of the University,-appointed by the
Board of Regents,-four alumni,-chosen by the Ad-
visory Council of the Alumni Association, the President
of the Union,-chosen by its members at its annual meet-
ing, and the Financial Secretary of the Union, who
must be a member of the faculty or a resident alumnus
and who is chosen by the University Senate.
March 1, 1919.
Joseph A. Bursley
H. W. Douglas
William. D. McKenzie
Henry E. Riggs
!
Gardner S. Williams
Frederick W. Stevens
Homer L. Heath
BUILDING COMMITTEE
“Unfinished Business" was successfully used for Barracks in War Time,
But, until finished, it cannot be used for the worthy
purposes for which it was intended
REPORT OF BUILDING COMMITTEE
To University of Michigan Alumni:
For the benefit of alumni not present at a gathering on
December 28, 1918, in Ann Arbor, we present the fol-
lowing:
FINANCES
The total receipts on alumni sub-
scriptions to December 26,
1918, were
The Michigan State War Board
loaned to the Union, practically
as an advance on unpaid sub-
scriptions, to fit the Building for
war service
Of which sum there had been re-
paid up to December 26, 1918,
out of the total receipts on sub-
scriptions above mentioned. . . .
•
Leaving amount of loan December
26, 1918 ...
Total ...
This sum is accounted for as follows:
Cost of real estate
Expenditures on building
Current Building Contracts.
Expenditures on Equipment.
General expenses
Balance unexpended December 26,
1918.
·
•
$260,000.00
•
37,598.50
$ 62,608.51
576,293.72
59,479.98
33,038.95
65,098.05
$574,811.26
222,401.50
$797,212.76
693.55 $797,212.76
The unpaid subscriptions are expected to take care of
the unpaid balance loaned by the State Board.
amount to $242,607 including $61,659 past due.
They
WORK DONE
The following interior work has been done:
Plumbing and plumbing fixtures complete.
Steam fitting, including radiation complete.
Ventilating piping, not including force fans.
Temporary lighting fixtures.
Wiring complete.
Partitions complete.
Plastering complete.
Exterior glazing complete.
Screens complete.
Service elevator and dumb waiters complete.
Refrigerator system complete.
Kitchen equipment in part.
Permanent flooring on fourth floor and in all mechan-
ical departments, such as kitchen, bakery, butcher shop,
helps toilet rooms, and part of sub-basement.
Temporary flooring elsewhere.
WORK TO Be Done
But there is yet much to be done; and the money is
exhausted.
A careful estimate shows that it will cost a little over
$300,000 to complete and furnish the Building. Let it
be understood that simplicity will govern the finishing and
the furnishing on every floor and in every feature. This
is by no means to be a gilded palace. It is to be a demo-
cratic institution in appearance as well as in membership.
The furniture and furnishings will be adapted to the
democratic character of the project. The size of the
Building, and it is none too large, carries with it a
correspondingly large outlay in these directions.
The temporary concrete flooring laid in a hurry to
make ready for the temporary use of the building in War
Service, is already badly broken up and must be entirely
removed and replaced with permanent tile floors, or in
some parts of the building with the less expensive terrazzo
floors, and in the Assembly Hall, Lobby and Reading
Room with the still less expensive wooden floors. There
are yet to be installed the interior doors, door frames, win-
dow casings, wainscoting and cabinet work and interior
wood finish generally. No interior painting has yet been
done. Very little interior decoration is contemplated.
There are permanent lighting fixtures to install throughout
the building. Those installed for the War Service were
of the most temporary character; they must be removed
and will be of use only in the mechanical departments of
the building. Considerable items are door and window
hardware; marble work in the barber shop and in all
toilet rooms and bath rooms, absolutely necessary to good
sanitary conditions; stone stairway treads, necessary to
durability; weather stripping; vacuum cleaning machine;
filters; balance of kitchen equipment. Two passenger
elevators are yet to be purchased; one would be insufficient.
In the Assembly Hall (60 x 120) to be used for large
dinners of all kinds, class gatherings, dances, receptions
and entertainments, the principal work to be done is the
flooring, tiling and wainscoting. With 7,000 students,
this room will be in almost daily use. The swimming
pool has not been built at all, but there is a place for it
(75 x 30), and when built it will be of the most sanitary
and otherwise up-to-date type. The principal cost of this
item is in the tile work and piping. Ann Arbor has no
substitute for this Union swimming pool. The bowling
alleys have not been built at all; but there is a place for six
alleys of regulation length, and when built they will fill
a long felt want among the undergraduates. No furniture
has yet been purchased. There are 49 bedrooms to equip,
intended to take 68 beds,-for visiting alumni, for guests
of the University, for parents or guests of undergraduates,
and for the temporary use of undergraduates themselves.
Al
J
The Finishing and Furnishing of the new Building is highly im-
portant, to Students, to Alumni, to the University
The Michigan Union has been in existence about
fifteen years. From 1907 to 1916, it occupied the re-
modeled Judge Cooley residence on State Street. Since
1916, it has occupied a temporary wooden structure at
the rear of the new Building.
It long since passed the experimental stage and be-
came a recognized and important factor in the educational
development of the student body.
Its meagre quarters almost from the beginning became,
and ever since have continued to be, "the home" of the
undergraduate body. There fraternity men and inde-
pendents, students with substantial incomes or allowances
and self-supporting students, met on common ground,
in cramped space. Before the Union came, these men
had seen little and known less of each other. Students
who previously had scarcely "spoken the same language"
became intimate friends. In a word, as a direct result of
the opportunity afforded by the Union, the barrier which
always had kept different classes of students apart grad-
ually disappeared.
That was a revolution in the social life of the Uni-
versity. It became vastly more democratic; provincialism
and snobbishness were discouraged; and the under-
and snobbishness were discouraged; and the under-
graduate body, and thus the University, increased in a
surprising degree in efficiency.
It is not the only achievement. The Union has suc-
ceeded in checking the tendency of each of the several
departments to become independent of every other depart-
ment of the University. So long as there was no common
So long as there was no common
meeting place, where, for example, "engineers" and
"laws" could get together, such a tendency was inevitable.
The feeling which developed in consequence of the rapid
growth of the University, was not a mere continuation or
outgrowth of the spirit of friendly rivalry, which earlier
prevailed between students of the several departments.
It was a feeling of aloofness and indifference. There
was no common bond of sympathy, except such as was
stimulated artificially each fall by the events of the foot-
ball season.
The Union changed this situation. It marshalled and
organized the rapidly disintegrating student body; it
assumed control of various undergraduate activities; it
instituted new features of University life which rapidly are
becoming healthy and inspiring traditions. And in the
carrying forward of these projects, the Union of necessity
brought the different parts of the University into intimate
contact with each other, for the activities thus engaged in
were University functions, which required and enlisted
the active sympathy and support of students of the entire
D
University, and not functions peculiar to any one depart-
ment or class.
In this way, then, the Union has effectively offset the
tendency of the students, traceable directly to the tre-
mendous increase in the size of the University, to confine
their activities to the work of their several departments
and thus fail to get the benefit of association with the
entire University. Loyalty to departments and to fra-
ternities has been replaced by loyalty to the University; a
loyalty which already is making itself felt in the changing
attitude of the alumni, into whose blood is being infused
the enthusiasm of the more recent graduates.
The experience of Michigan and other great univer-
sities, Harvard, Dartmouth, Brown, Pennsylvania and
Chicago,--has proved the practicability and great use-
fulness, even the necessity, of a Union Building.
The number of students of the University of Mich-
igan actually in residence in Ann Arbor under normal
conditions, is now greater than the number in residence at
any other university town in the United States. Such a
large body of students need a Building devoted to their
social interests and welfare, where all are members and
all are on a common level, in availing themselves of its
privileges. The idea of a Union Building in Ann Arbor,
and in other college towns, rests upon universal traits of
human nature, the demand for recreation, relaxation
and social intercourse; and the idea involves objects en-
tirely wholesome and commendable. Without such a
gathering place, general intermingling of all classes and
departments, so beneficial, if not necessary, in the full de-
velopment of human nature and personality, is impossible.
Speaking of education in its broad and best sense, the
Union Building is to be a great and enduring educational
factor, affecting not alone the students of this day, but
those of future generations. "For a university founded by
the people is enduring, and will last as long as the state
which gave it birth."
The University of Michigan has 30,000 living alumni
and will soon have 50,000, and it is time they have a
place to go to when in Ann Arbor, a place they can call
home, a place to eat, a place to sleep, a place to lounge,
a place where they may revive memories by close associa-
tion with their successors of the campus.
The University itself needs such a Building, in order
to keep abreast of other great universities, in order that
its students may find in Ann Arbor the equality of oppor-
tunity furnished to students elsewhere.
Summary of what the Building will Mean
FOR STUDENTS
A common meeting place with elbow room-where
all are members, and where all are on a common level,
for all student activities off the campus. With the Build-
ing completed, democracy at Ann Arbor, in the very best
sense of that abused word, is forever assured.
Means for recreation of the best kind,-bowling,
swimming, billiards and other games, reading, talking,
singing, all under wholesome and beneficial conditions.
Means for fostering and stimulating student organi-
zations, by giving them a place for business and social
meetings.
A place to come in informal contact with visiting
alumni and with members of the faculty and with students
from every class and department, a broadening ex-
perience, without which college life may be narrow and
provincial. How little a student realizes the fact that his
life may be immeasurably influenced by acquaintances
made in the Union Building!
A place to take fathers and mothers for sleep and for
refreshment. A place for refreshment for themselves.
FOR ALUMNI
Suitable accommodations, a "home," when in Ann
Arbor, essentially a college town, where hotel accom-
modations will always be inadequate and poor.
The Income Tax Law allows individuals to deduct
from their taxable income their
* * *
"contributions or gifts made within the taxable year
to corporations organized and operated exclusively
for religious, charitable, scientific or educational pur-
poses
no part of the net earnings of which
inures to the benefit of any private stockholder or
individual, * * * to an amount not in excess of 15
per centum of the taxpayer's net income as computed
without the benefit of this paragraph." (Subd. 11,
Sec. 214, of new law.)
A place for alumni to gather around the banquet
table for a class reunion at Commencement time and other
times.
The contributions now solicited are to be made to the
UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN, "to be used for completing,
furnishing and endowing the Michigan Union Building.
Aid from alumni to the hundreds of thousands of stu-
dents who are to come to the University.
An intensified spirit of loyalty by alumni to the Uni-
versity.
Further pride in alma mater, arising from the fact
that it is keeping abreast of the times.
Contributions toward finishing the "Unfinished Business" are
deductible from Taxable Income
FOR THE UNIVERSITY
A suitable place of entertainment for the University's
guests. No longer will distinguished men and women
have to be sent to Ann Arbor hotels.
The best of facilities for the entertainment of learned
and scientific bodies, the lack of which has been a serious
handicap in the intellectual functioning of the University.
A stimulus to the social side of education, recognized
as of prime importance in developing effective men.
A means of fostering among alumni and students, a
larger spirit of loyalty to the University, so important to
its future, in the place of loyalty to a department or a
fraternity, or a society.
The great advantage which such a donated Building
will give, in dealing with the ever present problem of state
appropriations.
That such contributions are deductible from taxable
income, unless barred in some individual case by the
fifteen per cent clause above quoted, has been definitely
ruled by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue at Wash-
ington, to whom the question was submitted by letter
setting forth the facts at some length. Copies of the letter
and of the reply will be furnished on request.
exceeding fifteen per cent of his taxable net income,—
Except in cases where the alumnus has made gifts
this means that the actual cash loss to an alumnus arising
from a contribution in 1919 to the Building Fund, will be
less than the face amount of his subscription to the extent
of eight per cent thereof (the normal tax in 1919), less
also the highest percentage of 1919 super-tax which the
alumnus pays.
. \ .
M5
Unfinished Business
PUBLISHED BY A GENERAL COMMITTEE OF UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ALUMNI
MARCH, 1919
The Michigan Union Building,-shall a project so great and
wholesome be completed?
STATEMENT BY VISITING ALUMNI
To University of Michigan Alumni not present at the gathering of December 28, 1918:
Every one of us whose names appear below have personally inspected the Michigan Union Building since De-
cember 20, 1918, and in our judgment the money contributed towards its construction has been well spent. The
Building is characterized without and within by simplicity, dignity and utility. It is none too large and none too
od for a University with 30,000 living alumni, soon to increase to 50,000, and with 7,000 students, soon to increase
o 10,000. During the war, it messed 3,650 uniformed men, and housed 800 of them besides, about 1,000 more
than were accommodated at any other University in the United States. It requires a large structure, to accomplish the
great and lasting mission of this Building. The amount estimated in 1915 to be necessary to build it was not sub-
scribed, and every alumnus knows of the great increase in the cost of labor and materials in the last two years. An
unfinished, unfurnished and closed Building would be a monumental advertisement of the failure of University of
Michigan alumni, carrying with it an effect upon undergraduates, faculty, alumni, and the taxpayers of the State of
Michigan, that can better be imagined than described.
Dated March 1, 1919.
Hiram S. Cody
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GRAND RAPIDS
Why should University of Michigan Alumni finish the
"Unfinished Business?"
DID THE PAYMENT OF TUITION FEES CLOSE THE ACCOUNT
WITH THE UNIVERSITY?
"I don't owe the University of Michigan a cent.
I paid my tuition for four years and consider the tran-
saction closed."
This-shall we call it, sentiment?—written in pencil
across the face of a 1915 request for a contribution to the
Union Building Fund, was the answer of one alumnus.
You shall not know his name, not even his class. He has
the unenviable distinction of being the only graduate to
express such a thought in writing.
Until 1904, no student, in any department of the
University of Michigan, paid an annual tuition fee ex-
ceeding $45!
Until 1913, no student, in any department, paid an
annual tuition fee exceeding $55!-except that in the
Dental College $75 was paid after 1909.
No student has ever paid at the University of Mich-
igan a matriculation fee exceeding $25 or a graduation
fee exceeding $10.
Four years, at $45 each...
Matriculation fee
Graduation fee
Let us do a little arithmetic. You were a student at
When the stately Memorial Hall was donated to the
the University of Michigan for four years prior to 1904, University by the contributions of over 1400 alumni, were
and paid the maximum fees,-let us suppose.
they not actuated by a moral or other indebtedness to the
University?
•
•
..$180
25
10
$215
Or, perhaps, you were here four years after 1903 and
paid the maximum fees, amounting altogether to $40 more
than in prior years,—a total of $255, or an average per
year of $63.75.
Who paid the remainder?
When JOSHUA WATERMAN presented to the Uni-
versity the Waterman Gymnasium for men,-when LEVI
L. BARBOUR, '63, presented the Barbour Gymnasium
for women and planned the Betsy Barbour Dormitory,—
when the NEWBERRYS, in memory of their father, John
S. Newberry, '47, gave the two Newberry Halls,-when
ARTHUR HILL, '65, at a cost to him of $300,000 gave
the highly prized Auditorium,-when W. W. Cook,
'84, at a cost of at least a half million dollars, honored
his mother, Martha Cook, and his alma mater, University
of Michigan, by the donation of the beautiful "Martha
Cook Dormitory," when various alumni contribute.'s
scholarships, fellowships, loan funds and memorial funds,
Of course, if tuition fees paid the whole cost of con-
ducting the University, it would have been a self-support-
ing institution in all the eighty years it has existed. But
no thoughtful Michigan alumnus thinks that the tuition
he paid covered his proportion of the actual cost of what
he received. It was never intended to. Who paid the
remainder? The taxpayers of the State of Michigan.
Matriculation fees, tuition fees and graduation fees have
covered only a small fraction of the expense and cost of
the University.
were they each performing simply an act of charity,
involving no element of indebtedness to the University?
Were they mistaken in thinking that the debt they owed
to it could be repaid only by contributions measured by
their means?
Are the 12,301 alumni who have contributed to the
Michigan Union Building Fund mistaken in thinking that
thereby they were partially repaying a debt of some kind
they owe to the University?
Should the Michigan Union project, involving objects
so wholesome and commendable, be abandoned, because
the account of each University of Michigan alumnus with
that institution was closed when he paid ten dollars for his
sheepskin?
Thank Heaven, such a narrow view of life's obliga-
tions does not control the rank and file of Michigan
alumni!
At least 12,000 Michigan alumni from Maine to
California have already shown by their actions that they
consider their success in life as due in part to what they
carried away, consciously or unconsciously, from Ann
Arbor,-AND THAT THEY SHOULD PAY SOMETHING
BACK. Some have done so according to the measure of
their success. But many have not. If those who have
not, will reconsider and contribute again on a right
measurement of their share, and if another 12,000 will
make the same measured demonstration of their obligation,
the Michigan Union project will be a success,-a lasting
proof of the safety of reliance on the loyalty and moral
obligation of Michigan alumni.
In the last twenty-five years, the taxpayers of the
State of Michigan have furnished the University, for cur-
rent expenses and for buildings and equipment, over
$17,000,000. The lands, buildings and equipment of the
University have actually cost over $7,000,000; and in
current expenses no account is taken of interest on any of
that sum nor of the taxes which would be assessable if the
property were privately owned.
This is the most democratic movement ever under-
taken by Michigan alumni; it is for a democratic purpose;
We all paid our tuition! But is the transaction it is the only general campaign ever undertaken in the
closed?
eighty years of the University's existence.

00
100
AN EAST AND NORTH VIEW OF THE MICHIGAN UNION BUILDING
COTON


?
A VIEW OF THE ASSEMBLY HALL IN WAR TIME. 800 OF THE 3,650 UNIFORMED MEN AT MESS
About 75,000 square feet of floor space was used for food preparation and food serving
The remaining 45,000 square feet of floor space was used for barracks purposes generally