№
„Nº №º^*\\\^\````№. ！！！！Y№Ņ ŅŅŇŇSN&NNANN™OEN，∞\\&&&\\Ķſae\，<<<<
§`````§§§ÑŅŇȧ§
---- -|（~~~~）;È.RĂN?ŅŅŇҧ§§§§ÈÈ
（ÀàÈ È È È È
§§Ņ） ...Nº§§`````，````
§ → · §§
¿№ ºº
SYN
* &
§§∞
* * * · · * *ſ*）*）*)§§º.
º, ， ， ， ， ，§§§
§§
§§
∞
síð
» ™
* （ … ：）
（）. Sºſae
° • × × × ×
， ， ， ，
• • № !！！
، ، ،
！§§、、。
&.*?（.*?）\'\'，
§§·
ºſw №
\！.
|-№vº
'. ， ， º， s.º.º.，----
A∞ √∞●
R.N.（~~~~-\ſ\\S*（
* * * *
º）º.，... ！
?Ñ
| （）
s º. º.，
§ ： * * * ， ， ， ，
* X * ，
.*¿¿.
∞ √
* * * * *, * · * * x）"
§§<.››.
！
§gae ！
§§i ſº:
, ， * * * · · · · *
§§§
| ºwº，
§¶√∞i√∞'，
&&&&| ` ſ . . . . . . . · · · ***********
！
，
！， ， ， ， , ， ，∞№ŅŅŅĶ\\
، ، ، ،∞RN （№§§§§§§§§N
§§§·« *ȧ§§&&&\\ÈŅN：-
*****•šº。、。
！ſae
∞
ºR
ŅŅŇŇ
， ， ！∞s ≡ ≈ ≠ ≠
§©®°¶√∞i√∞ √°√∞ √°.
síð<<<<
§∞§§§ÑŅÑ
！Ņ§§Ņ
« … ， .§ © ® °.* ，ºxaeg∞
№ŅÑŅŇŇŅŅŅŇŇ）,§ÈŅŅŇŇ),
§§§§§§\，\！§§！§ŅŅ}}È
←
§
：šſ ·
Aſºº’， ae
§§§
§§§§§
-*** ¿
， ，，,*）• №ºae
， ， , ， º-
§, №.
N
×
§RŅĀ，È·
§）,
ŅŅ∞∞∞∞∞ √∞
№§§sº
¿№.
§È
§， №8
Ņs，
× × × × ×
№&
§§R
§ =
º ºſ
&ÑŅŇŘ}
：~. . . ， , ， ， ，
×،-× × × × ×
§ÈÈÈÈ，
-N````
∞ √°.
№, №s ºs

ESTATE OF
GEORG E H. VVAT PSINS.
º
g
:
:
LIBRARY
Fil TRANSPORTATION |
º º tº

Ft. Uniºn x
| sºutord
* x
Cáss L.
Złaska zaze
#. of the
*ppi Riv.
northern
Ransom
.
&
&
o
*,
Worcester
º
So,
&o
º
Minnea, \*.*.*
;
ow - r
º
º Ž New Richmond
10 - 6 Longitude West from Washington 2
g g
N.E. W. JºA //, WA Y MA JP
OF THE
º ºš Pººr,
CHELD
N ER's
PUl R}:sº
jº"
1875.
Longitude East, 2
*JNº. M
TTED st Aº ACCOMPANY IN N. (DF cANA*
G FM (C. AV+.
*M
-N-a-T-I-O-N"-a-I- vºv
E-
-a-II- -a-ºr PTCr-E-L-I-C-a-ºr-corrºr cond-P-a-rºtº-
Three Rivers
º ºśss. -
2% ºrthabaº
º º
º/2
%
* *
&
cy
º -
º,
Richmon"
< *
aueercºº \ * % - wa tºw-
§ sº -
º rthampton a- º º Ø -
- - - -
cºa
sº. chaudiere Jc.
- -
eroo *}^ M.
-
\
Y B R U NSW I C R.
Pictou ºf
5/4.
&
nº d-sº.
scaste" Je.
No
|
!
* /
º
\
*-A
º :
§ º & º sh." º ğayſ chippewa ºn g
- - a. ->
& 3. | & * O *ak, M.'s §. T s º:
S Sºo º Gl * - PAUL"EST º
º, º º encoe CIC *- H |- -:
S. S. | §oº - ** R. astings º Fau Claire
- º
3. º 7. "est" - -º- - º Washago -
º T'n' --- * º M º Juncti Ǻ Coboconk º: s
- In "º. errill on Cyºn. & wells Rºº
wº * Trilian G | 4tº, où ſº
rand Rapidſ/ Sº ºğ cº ... takefield * flºº"
Yº MiiNN º Cº. # §
º: | º Lei F- 3. §
Rockport: º, | Winneb º - -- º º
ebago/ sº & º ojº & * - ºù"
- Y º º Berling | *ekºn wº North Creek º
Ft. Randalp: - —-___ \_º Austin Princeton cº-sº: º * Hahºe
TNOTTº- -- Ripoº. sº º
- wood C Nº. Richlan
YANk pº. I 3/\."
Tow. M.' ºf \: &
Ni - ºlºss. º Conovº-opecorah
obrara - Calmer º º o
\cºſº. ºn a eſſ..? º I-
N. º. Postvºº-º-º: Muu- º: C sº º
- 9. º ºx-ºga º Aubur ſºlº
Micº º Pl Mineral Pt. --1- Q c. º bºny Jº Greenº. Gr º
atte - *Avon & § williamsº on, 5.1 sº
º - º, sº: a)\ º / & - - or
º º - ** M.PT. ºlºns * ºrts/cº. Q ºsts
-- * o - - D -nº- * - 5 -
3. wº demº” Fº: Dubuque -- Cli *S genera Pºlº º
S 3. wº º:
- - *c. - *Xº- -
... ºrs, ...rº ºntº, 3. gººd Qu.
- 5 Nort. "º) Traer - - os- n Caledom aſº. - Mº ºil ºnamºtº º
º º º in c. & YºCrystal, \\\ º/ C. * *
* * x&" * * the SX. Cedar R º º *Nºke - ( º - a.º. º: - - ----º Ǻsq\kha -
----- ~. ow -- apids gº - N Fº Gºat Benº usº
- o sºorinnell un. gº, sº º !º ºfºº $45, ** - Montrose of - &
& º'-ºxº º Stanwood - 9 & N. yº. * - º - - 327 º' c. sº *- - 4. º Towanda f º º Moulticello
es: - º º - I R. * º *...* Kºhan º, ºx yº R. - - - º J.-: º &ºme * - yº - . c § = \º * **ks, º
º 2. - - Somerset Monroe & owa Cy. 2. Dav - * I.R.E.'"nd - º - * -- - C’ º º : [. 4t. catbonº *e) -
Nº. Council Bluffs Winterset º °, Riversiº w. º *po, . habona - - --- - ºsturgis * *akº Aarº º . - sº Tuºkhanne" º º º
2-ºlvacific Je. k \ *hºol %, c. º ºwſ...}} - *-fºr- ~3. Ioks Sºlſº %3\? ... 3 º' - Emporium. i. ** sºon *Hoº - -
- - - a. º - º, Niºbols - -> --~~...~~~95 º - Titusv. --- cº - al - - -
--~ ** * Sººn,_ gº." --- o Oscaloos: o-º-º-º: º º º Goshen aº.eyoğsº Fayette_º: Sº º panºvº #2. º º Williams º tºughesville Wilkesbarº www. B.º. º
- - - --- **t, --i- º a y- t, s\'º º * cº 3.26- *Jºhestowºśsº gitylº oleopolis *\priftwoº £o bor. c Nanticº, ºxº '. ...” -
- -- º 7 x *. ºntº sº º - sº a §: War. &lº. § - %. - *; - & º & º N ºwton en & ra Ça W
R. **, & ºut & onio & º - tºº --- º e º § 3. º S Nº. {. ÅA. º yew." *: *.*.* I (A * * * stansteº- --- -
- sQ. º - raiton - ---N- -wº - - - */ - C. - - º. l_- -- -
gº, & % - - º º: º Al- : *...* - *P syº - Snºw Shoº. º R 7. eº- \º nka Ch º - -- -- --- - º 3. \ r
- º & - zº. : º º, ºr \s. -at v- " ºn st º int º Milesboro riº º anº p.W º ---- º Newpor : -
-- -º-º: - - -- - - - - - º - - - - -
Toulºn * Nºmingº - Gº go Jºº Ǻ Clºſ, Amianº-º-º: Letºia **** 3% ºefonte un iſ? 1. Swantº gº *fora c º
P # G -- º, wº vº Fore...") - &n. º Mºorºº - cº º Nº Butler - 2%. V. Ø\!/.4% § Kºtº % § \ ãº" Farmington
r - Unionv - st Cºmela º' Tº º - ń. 2\º - - TR 3C-
w º 3 - Manstie "…wow. - - ºil. - º y ºw.
. f * :) :^./*\%\". Freeport iewis T. º º º st Albans &\strastwº & sº -
C É Alexandri & º As *%. *>'s.pl iladelph * cº 2% º º º º £º . o sº *- \
-- r - iM-ſo" -- - - ºuſ" - - -
"on cy: E *Nº clv/ Bro Kirksville st.Marys & Ayº /* * * Yeº.) -- ñºſºft ºf . & \ . R.
* : *2, . wning ) ºf welleºntain." - º “ U “º - *** *...* G.3% : Johnson \ sº §
* T º amesport *RS wº Sidney Wº v. º Cadizdywº sº Kº º - tº - wº Pont. º: \ * ºnton & --
* N.F eblo At º: AW othe º *- Hvºop º NC mers Jc. t º ** - … Ç º |- Aº º -
G. ºso, Ras ººca Sº I taclede - | Sº º * e Mt. Pleasan º º \) Essex Jo: 2: Fºººº-ºº: w.concorº H - & : -
-ie- “…- - - - - - S. - - \"
sº “s. *\tº 1.4 × $2.É. *eron 87. Głechº º Cambridge Conne"; some Au Satle * } <> º º & g **** W 3.N. part . Č.
- *º Atchi º º º Sºury sesswº - 5/$º ** º *. a ſeeds
Lºſivenw - so a &- NS * º: <2*TWºR - op Mt. Washi *- LeMº
orth, Jºeverly won ow º fon MonTPELIER - Rººp Mt.Yashington *
º cº/ Nº. ** Mºssassº T *" * —ºf º - Mr. $/º, - s: sº & | *o,
- º §. Frankfort Roodhouse º Sººn º- º --- - *} º, Tºssex & º Montpelier Je. tº ºn. R. º *eton º §§ { Mechanics? B. &”
º Kºš Rexington Glasgo º cº º **IN. e \º º - & *ś ºvergennes $\ºodville Danville Jc
º Sº Indepen * º ..º.º.º. - - - --- - *- >{iºgº mari º wells Rivº oo -
º: º *º. pendence * - ºc …sº º Aº. Marietta. º Westportº, º
ot, lºſo, &\{city Boonewºº # Nº - $º. ºr. º's º º
waſ º ºf Tº C - - - *o 3
* S P 5|osº de 2 * ºpton olumbia}; -ºr Hamden Port Henry ba º, Middlebury # ºf. : º
aola #Tº *_* * - - Junc * - - -
- --- -º-º- o, e - w” . HV- ster º ~ - - i - ſ
§ - & “alia *cº º º Coºlington - ** § z. & * \ºw in R. R. (*ES 3.
JE N* - º Sandor Louisville w O/ºr a- Z.º. re - gooº- Jr., * - - . 2 T §
n F. * - et- ow - - /* zoº º- - o -
ewton *& FERson CA --- orio *11t *-Tº º *22 Portsmouth, Hºcentre jc. vſ/ º w co º (?,* \º: Jc p º
C §§, centraº” - ºne, º Maysville N Quantiº/ ſ º º º *** o & º
Wi Cºage.” § 3 s. Asºº Rivertonº-4” - º/ Sº C sº white Riv-JºonTrºn Bristoºfo º º 5 § Saco
> - - - - - º º
chita : s $88, Princeton Jeffe ſº º - Frºerº". º North Creek cº Rutland * º º & *} * -
- Tama - - P. i. . --> - Y º y - -
sewoº. *"...Y New Albanyºnchº.” º grºomſ.” ..!gordon". - - Windsor Jºgº iſ 37% º
cago. sº §§Du Quoin º - eferdinand II & º - Rankrºaris Willard The Glen hº - § #& summit º Awoº * S c &22&ſº */
clerºyº º: º hº Cy. Evºnºlº Ave º: Sº, sº º Thurman Th; hall s T. º claremon" Frº * Pittsfield - º S^3. Be § * z
Ind Paſº. º: q 'Boo!º | : ke }*-*. Mt.sterling” - b 2. º GS: “º - º sº sº #4
- ependence?"fºns) 5 till º - - Iºxington g º Éle º- º º Conwaylºlillſº
T-V-- Coff % **** e Rockport º: ebaº Bardstown Nicholasv. 3|{ Caldwell - : 3 Rockingham. Hillsb Contoocook *S* § º sº |
--- eyville =l o ..ſowensboro Cecelia Jeg ºn on Jc. º- º º | º * °ro be º º
"----- , I º: **.*.*. º Richmond * u) www. º |- Glººk Fal et. Edwardº : : º - Çoº & Hooksett º
|- -º-º- *". º - 2. & > º L Jºy. White swº º tied war º - Bellows Fall: * º sº-º: #: *ſº
- -- - --- - - - * *I -
ºvº - so- * ***** w º @' Selma 3% * º: ºs- tº 5’s Mºsſ t § ( |-
2. Pierce cy. - * º º º: - : 5 º ester 3 & g field anch ste; ~5 %
º \º Nortonvillºr”owensbº - [...] saratogº Gºeenwich 3 | Flº ºry Putney - Greenue */Ames ºf §§
- c wensboro Inc. 5. º gºl - i. sº * Keen: Peterboro &: er =l. Jºãº
cº-T 3 º ...º.º.A: 4° sº v \, º \e ºf º
- s: R. - - º/º wn ed Q
Ru vºº R &n. - - <>{} 13. enºa º r
E\*, *: &º sº Noglasgow º - $º ſenningtonsº 3% *. wildº Nasht _2. º st
ºn & §º Memphis Jc. Cº C. sº t s.vernon & –—s § –º: *—-f: --~f Azº º º
opkins "º <3 wo Nº ..]: *-ºs--- ------ Twºchendon * sº lºsſdrö - - %
--- —º ºguthrie r ºc - }- Tºnel º N sº *N \; \* Ǻ -º-
- -- Sº AABA Troy ºf N Adam ºr. - * ºtho Ayer JS23 *s, NºNº
- - *Tº Wºº. Albany": | º green an. & sº Zyº.” & Jºº ſº º z lin %
* Careyville Rogéfèvilled W.J.c §3. causeº 7. º Aºi *I willia Aşş Grouts º *\º. % ctoº o SN *1/_/ & |-
--- º a w - - - - - - - -
Edgefield Je.Y * Morrist cº gº Middleburg º - º i ilºsºe" * §§ sºlº º §se...ſº Clintº ºSºlº -
NASH VILL zºº Lºbº ºv 2. ** cº * º: * * º * §§ 3. erunºſº; on
- cº-w - -- --
- *A ſº X&ſº I : º); A. CŞ PI *s.Frºmingº c-
* : AN-AF. Yºo § wº - *}ºad,53. Batutº
- o ſate Line N3 Northamptoºls. º - - -
Clark - W.Stockbr - & La- sweynhº
sville s ſº - 3. & º Hanov
Athens ºr sy % South Lee . º §
F. w R old Fort c Li ºolhº Stamford. ºison * van Deusenville º o º
or o - - - - R.
rt Sill - K N O R. JL) : Andes Griffins & i … cº westfielº Sprin
Arbuck smeºs - Buffalo º º ns. Cur. § sº sº -U----
32. I lex º: Tullahoma £º * ~~~! w.Liv.) º As Y. *.* ig Indian s 5 S. <--T. º: º *so -
2) S. Ø - +. º King SEWAR sº §: º wº <^* stafford wº *:
;Cleveland : --------->;--~ - Shoka sto ºjºſº. Winste cº s]) << &^li i Pº PR
- -- -- * As ºinejºlaiuº bur * me …sº 3.
- 3 ... ...L.--—------- --~ Spartanburg Zºº Yorkville ** Roºijº # * N. Ha tº gºnosºsº | Oaſiſſile
vº” º - º - ºf Stissiºn lfinsw. ga, A& > .
*\. º & * \# */l. ... sº Fa mº o • */ Kºvoº & 3. As º *** kº. J 8
*\º o . Sº \\º & - - - º ºn', - - field Jº…a #
- Yohester W. * x iberty Rosendalez/* & #7 jº ! } G.5 N + º &T a" laii, º
\\\e - ſon. * Ellenville & "c - º º - - º º S. Wickº
sº 3. * & º &c., * * º § Poughkeep º * Pla º wº § * * *\Jeyótt Clts
º' Nº. º C * & * *: % R& # govewººtºº. M aalºhwºº sorwº & Kiyº (ſ) )
º & 39 & summi" P. elºush : ; *.N. ; Materbury): - - - º -
vegeton º - - Eſcº AS In º bjF ºW 5 field 3 : 5 5 * - ſº
32 \Rom # º ** ſº - º º * cMyſord #. ** º! %); too” walling #3 > *> ºAmyns Fy %.
-7 ºn Autºviu & 3/3° Yºº-º- ackawaxen. º: pºrº".. #!/...wallas”
Ft. Phantom Hill x º eville Nº. - t 5/_s H” º iddºw g" º, *Brewsteºne, *X. An * ſº wº
º, O - - - ... i. º.
- o Aberdeen Athens º couluyºov ecº -- * Tºort Jervis Goºner *& rey º hopa t -
--. § 3* L 3* : º Greenville *. Ø "º Feºksºjº º
- *oi. - - - - nº
- ſo; ºn x * w -b Washington 6. A"; o º "Pittston Nº Pine is Ş. Ø a ſºme ºº X
Yºs º Eas º, f R Pl n \,; arwºº Hºrstrawº º -
- anite W. - ymºut \New/Canº
<2. Dallasº o Columbus {\man & 5–3 - : Nanticoº: º Tobyhanna B Franklin Ringwoºººoºts” i sº
º okosciusko Artesiaº. * . & º º ch º º §§§arre -- ranſhv. º ** *-ºxyac | -
--- º - * Nººnan --> R. sº Branchville sº Newport Sºiew Brºchvºšºo, sº *†s º
Co - - - - - - - -
- - bºwº *. 4. º: White have"? -- Newton º *::: * *T'ſ 1.3
| º $2. :W\º Stroudsburg - o on, e *Nº. | || º
- - 4. - - º
Camp Stockton | sº ºw * * * * *; *** wes º 㺠W.]
x Gain'svillº awis E.Mahal.… c - -Manunka cº º & ºu
ºn tº ºš. ºmauch chunk Belvidere & esterº 2. Nº \
Narkeeta cºlº º -- ºšº Chapman 3)" ºw." -
- Hamilt - º ºvatingtºn washington itºr-
* Ft. Davis ckson & Meria, amilton º ºquº §"º. º º º
:/AP º & AL south ſcaſº ºr." CyßNº. ºrſunºu. g permaïaº" Rabºy/3 ^o
- ºridias -- - - - ...i. wº- Pottsv. cºlº º - sourg 5 s, or Jº º 2.
West *QMonTGomer columbus £, Yºº * AHyffmansv, Zºº * * rººmery ‘40, o
ºstern - - º - * . 26A - <^ ºn
o wº º - - º - zºº/ Flemington ſk. ---
x Ft. Mc Kavett s." § tº § .32 & *3%.” Nº. pºrºſº ºne, Nº jºgº.
s Union Sprº. * * - a.º. orwº Finº, grº & tow *> ** 7. º Y- * . 5 k §§ S.A. o º
Ll º º &z. - Millersbºº Sir º X* “ptoºts \, : gº/Rockyº Yºſh sº
ano o - cº - º - º aki º * M - - Lambººt c. -
- º vº (; Smithville ºº: *S. NI/Spleºnt, Pennºburg º ºv. 5, Amesburg
3. - Troy? Clayfon Cº. Eufaula * sº ** Leb *...*** § Pleasanº/º. 3 Doyles 2. \º Zºº. º Nº Patontown
- St. "gººd; ** 4. sw- anon) ºr Reading/º Laksdal." º º, N. omersºt ightstºs º
:^, & º Th wº 3. NS sº wº ~ ºt. A‘pott: aleºzº.” º Je.” N º: *
º o gºt º wº - - ------ ON Farmi
k c & * º hbert Je. wº - 3. * § ºf *…sº ** ". .3 * * *
AUSTIN ockdale z: sy Fort Gaines ARRISBUR Mt. Ho º F| Phoenix,\* \º & Hatborºże -*.
Woodville o - Gº || s E."º anaº ordeº wal, &
Gºz CŞ º 5. y sº. Waynesburg-º yers -- -- ...yº $
- %22 ho ----- cº so sexy, 5/\{*nheim riº º & &23 ºrling sº
2. Rºss (4 ------ c- º &nd ºster ... Down ~ 4×2/º gº sºooº cºſanciſ
2. Nº-ºst, Clifton -- co º º º Sºº's V gº."...º.º.º.º. Int, ſº ºr my jº
Iºt. Clarke º *Exis **) - º cº º * K*: - R. Pöß. rº- LADELP - rº- y $'. ºp. -
x - cº; º: Arlington ºColumbi Le º º W.Chester - ºw- bº.º. X*, *
Braunfels º 3. York ** Strasburg fººma &WSQuester it. amden º, º, * \º.
º, Bain ºridge - ... ºn d - [edford Aº’ce, ºf
º 2. - ºridge Thomasville &ºquarryv. A.dº ºchestº - º/".
San Antonio uzelà ATLANTio’ ses” & ºrro,9xt. º º º &Wood'Uº. ºf Birnesa:
C elº --- º - Toni ºor. º º 2 - -
O g E. Chattahoochee ----- ------ º º: Hanover JC-Tº: 23% º º Nº. Swedeboro Atº ºn. º
Juling YººTER 3 Tº TTT o º ſº-(\º/” glassborok williºms \º º
- R. Tº - - ºwº------STZº ſm; sil \%. GoT Tuckerton/š
- \parkton º * … * Ington’ \, - §low Je.
- cº * Aem 3 Fln\º 2. º
2 3 o Eagle Pass westminster \º scoe rºpeº º, £ºº º Egg Har. -
× Ft. D & eye” t. cº ejſºarº Cy. Wºº:: º º
. Duncan & A Havre de Gº ſº \;|º & : º &
- 1: & *//// Zº -- º Bridgetº Winel -
- * r 㺠Pº: * Mºy's 1A" '0-
& º goºla Millville Mº'"
e - wº Townsend * - Bay Si §e
| ALT, NRRelº sº; ſ ñº MºWT tº Nºssº
- º - - -
- **oº º º -ºlº agayºn, &^Seaville NIE
- ** --- W M y
- : ºf Y
*- † | \Laredo Relay Station §§ ºf YN. IE N GILAND &
- - - - - ºr *
Annapolis Jct. & } - - O
cy Ślodenton \\ º & 9
& J.'sſ" º \ .
N. Bºžie. t ENI.A.R.
ºna y/ \ . GED SCALE
<> º * -
ºshi & Harº º
ſº º: d 1. Tewes
exandrº Easton C \ . º -sºº'sºays-º)—
| Georgetown.














































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































#}opular flesorts,
A N D H O W T O R E A C H T H E M.
º
º:
º:
º
-
º
-


POPULAR RESORTS,
AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
COMBINING A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF
THE PRINCIPAL SUMMER RETREATS IN THE UNITED STATES,
AND THE
ROUTES OF TRAVEL LEADING TO THEM.
JBY
JOHN Bºchelper, Jr.
Author of “The Illustrated Towrists' Guideº “Gettysburg, What to see, and How to see it,”
“The Isometrical Drawing of the Gettysburg Battlefield,” “Descriptive Rey to the
Painting of Longstreet's Assault at Gettysburg,” Designer of the
- Historical Paintings of the Battle of Gettysburg,
Last Hours of Lincoln, &c. -
:*
;
#IIugtrately fig @me #umbren ant fiftgaſſigg &#ggb20tutg
BY TIIE 13EST ENGRAVERS,
MANY OF THEM FROM ORIGINAL SKETCHES
BY THE AUTHIOR.
BOSTON :
JOHN B. BACHELDER, PUBLISHER.
41–45 FRANKLIN STREET.
(At Lee & Shepard's.)
1875.
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1875, by
JOHN B. BACHELDER,
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington.
*
:
g
.
**
BOSTON :
ELECTROTYPED AND PRINTED BY
RAND, AVERY, & CO.
PREFACE TO THIRD EDITION.
EACH year adds to the popularity of summer travel. The vaca-
tion fever returns annually with “the season,” and custom de-
mands that every well-to-do family prepare for it. No class of
society is exempt. The mechanic and merchant, the banker and
clerk, the student and professional man, are alike affected by its
seductive influences, and, in the pleasure it brings, seek that
respite from the cares of life which exhausted nature requires.
To know how to travel is a matter of great importance to the
tourist. Many persons pass unheeding by the picturesque beauties
of a pleasant route, expecting to find awaiting them at the end of
their journey, the combined pleasures which others have described.
In some instances the points to be visited are places of celebrity,
but the route of approach lies through an uninteresting region.
This is the case with many of our ocean watering-places. In
others, as much pleasure may be derived em route as from the
resort itself. This is particularly true of mountain travel, where
every turn opens up new and interesting scenes.
Where a single excursion is to be made for the season, it is a
matter of importance for the tourist to select an objective point
and a route of travel, the peculiarities of which are congenial to his
tastes. Public resorts which may furnish abundant sources of
pleasure to one person frequently present little of interest to an-
other. While one would be satisfied with a single day at the sea-
shore, another would never tire of watching the waves break upon
a rock-bound coast. The waving forests, the rugged grandeur of
the mountains, and the deepening mystery of the glens, which to
many prove sources of great delight, for others have no attractions.
Hence the importance of carefully choosing desirable “Popular
Resorts, and Routes to Reach. Them.”
4 PREFACE TO THIRD EDITION.
Of all the celebrated watering-places on the coast, the famous
springs, or the frequented mountain-houses, no two are alike, 'yet
each locality possesses an individual interest, and finds its pa-
trons; and the routes which lead to them have their attractions,
either in the safety and comforts afforded the traveller, or in the
picturesque beauty of the region through which they pass. It is
to lay this subject clearly before the public that these pages with
their illustrations are presented ; thus enabling the tourist to
choose in advance the character of Scene he would visit.
The favorable reception of the two former editions of this work,
and the universal request of patrons for its continuance, have
determined the author to publish annually a volume devoted ex-
clusively to the interests of travel, which shall give not only gen-
eral information regarding the “Popular Resorts, and How to Reach
Them,” but furnish a standard medium through which proprietors
or agents, who represent houses or routes, may describe or illus-
trate the merits of their respective interests. The illustrated
routes have been generally prepared from sketches and notes taken
on the spot by the compiler of this volume; while the “item ’’
notices have either been written expressly for it, or compiled from
the best published accounts.
It should be distinctly understood that this volume is not, and
does not claim to be, a Gwide-Book. It is rather a GAZETTEER OF
PLEASURE TRAVEL ; and, although it may give much useful infor-
mation, it is not intended to take the place of a guide. For the
details of travel, the tourist is advised to secure a current number
of the TRAVELLER’s OFFICIAL GUIDE,- or “Official Time Tables,”
an abbreviation of it, if a more compact book is desired.
The author here takes occasion to thank those who responded to
his circular invitation for data. Brief descriptions of other re-
sorts are requested for the next edition, the compilation of which
has already been commenced. - *
In view of the Centennial Anniversary at Philadelphia in 1876,
special attention will be given to illustrated pleasure routes lead-
ing from every section of the country to that city, and the imme-
diate attention of persons interested in such routes is invited.
THE AUTHOR.
C O N T E N T S.
Summer Recreation
Pedestrianism
Equestrianism
Wagon Riding
Camping Out. º
Harbor and Coastwise Excursions
Hints to Tourists
Boston - -
Mountains . e © ºf *
New Hampshire Mountains.
White Mountains . .
Routes of Approach
Franconia Mountains .
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 1.
Boston, Comcord, and Montreal Railroad
Stage Route from Plymouth to the Franconia M
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 2.
Passumpsic and South-Eastern Railroad . .
PLEASUIRE FOUTE NO. 3.
Eastern Railroad
To the Interior . .
PLEASURE IROUTE NO. 4.
Boston and Maine Railroad -
Portland and Vicinity e ->
ountains.
Portland, Bangor, and Machias Steamboat Company
Mount Desert -
Up the Penobscot.
- - - - PLEASURE ROUTE No. 5.
Portland and Ogdensburg Railway . . e
North Conway . . . . . e • .
PAGE.
13
13
17
18
21
23
25
27
28
31
32
33
33
49
63
63
66
66
'70
73
73
7S
7S
'79
80
80
S5
6 CONTENTS.
- PAGE.
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 6. 92
Grand Trunk Railway • © º - o © e º • . 92
PLEASURE ROUTE NO, 7. 94
Maine Central Railway . e * e e * * e . 94
Eastern Provinces º e e - e o e • o . 96
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 8. 97
Old Colony Railroad. e e e e º º . . . e . 97
Old Colony Steamboat Company . º e º e e e ... 105
PLEASURE Route NO. 9. 108
Excursion to Oak Bluffs and Katama . . . . . . . 108
- PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 10. - 119
Central Vermont Railroad. & e - & º • • e . .119
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 11. 126
Shoro Linc . e • e º º e s - º e e . 126
PLEASURE RouTE No. 12. 131
Stonington Line . º - o g - e - e e e . 131
Middle States e º • . e e e - e e º . 133
New York City . e e e g © e e º . . . . 133
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 13. 134
Up the Hudson . . & . . 134
Catskills. – Approach from Kingston Station . e e e . 137
{ % { % “ Catskill “ * - g o º . 13
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 14. . 142
Central Railroad of New Jersey, North Pennsylvania, Albany and Sus-
quehanna, Rensselaer and Saratoga, and New York and Canada 2
Railroads • • • * * & 14
North Pennsylvania Railroad . o . . . e º º . 142
Pennsylvania Scenery . º º * e © e - • . 144
Central Railroad of New Jersey . . . . . . . . . 4. º . 145
Delaware and Hudson Canal Company’s Railroads . & © . 169
Saratoga Springs . e º º © e e o o o . 175
Lake George . e e º º º º e e o . ... 177
“ Champlain o o g e * - o e o . 178
New York to Long Branch e & o e • • g e ; 182
CONTENTS.
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 15.
New York Central and Hudson River Railroad
Black River Railroad * sº &
Rome, Watertown, and Ogdensburg Railroad
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 16.
Erie Railway . ſº e e g * -
Atlantic and Great Western Railway .
Philadelphia
PLEASURE ROUTE No. 17.
Philadelphia and Reading Railroad
Long Branch - tº
|PLEASURE IROUTE NO. 18.
Cape May
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 19.
Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore Railroad
PLEASURE IROUTE NO. 20.
Fortress Monroe .
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 21.
Pennsylvania Railway
IBranch Roads
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 22.
Baltimore and Potomac and Northern Central Railways
Southern States
Virginia
P.A.G.E.
193
. 115
. 195
. 196
204
. 204
. 210
. 211
214
. 214
. 231
232
. 232
233
. 233
239
, 239
Richmond
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 23.
Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad
Passage of the Alleghany
|PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 24.
Atlantic Coast Line . e ge ſº • • º * dº
PLEASURE ROUTE NO. 25.
Piedmont Air Line
294
. 294
3 CONTENTS. .
- PLEASURE ROUTE NO.
Great Southern Mail Route
PLEASURE ROUTE NO.
Louisville and Great Southern Route
Mammoth Cave - -
Western States.
|PLEASURE ROUTE NO.
Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad
Beyond Chicago - e
PLEASURE RouTÉ No.
Chicago and North-Western Railroad
Wisconsin . . º º
Chicago and St. Paul Line .
Minnesota
PLEASURE ROUTTF, NO.
Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad
PLEASURE RouTE No.
Union and Central Pacific Railroads,
Dakota .
Colorado
Montana,
TJ tall
Idaho
California. . .
26.
27.
28.
29,
30.
31.
PAGE.
301
. 301
308
º 30S
. 309
º 314
315
. 315
. 318
320
. 320
340
. 340
. 340
. 340
. 341
. 344
. 345
List OF JLLu STRATIONS.
PAGE.
FRONTISPIECE, Popular Resorts . e e - º º g º º 2
Trout Fishing . . . -> & e - •. . . e e e - 14
Out-of-Door Life º We e e º º º & º g g º 16
Camp Stove . - e e e º - - - • * • * * 17
Camping Out . * º * & e º º º g e
Pleasure (?) Travel in the Olden Time . - - - º s e - 22
Lake and Mountain Scenery . º - - - º º * º - 26
White Mountains : • . - e - - - º e s - 29
Lowell and Nashua Depot, T3oston º º - {- e g • - 34
Hooksett Falls, N.H. º e º e - * * * º & º - 36
Tilton, N.H. . º º e e º e º - e t º - 38
Laconia, N.H. . . º º º º º o - * * * º e 40
View near Lake Village, N.H. º º - - e e s * . 41
Weir's Landing, Lake Winnepesaukee, N.H. . - º g e - 42
Steamer “Lady of the Lake” . e º e º * º s º 44
Tagged Mountain, and Long Pond º - - e * sº * sº 45
Plymouth, N.H. - º . e º . : - * . e - 46
Pemigewasset House . . . * . . . • . . . 47
Livermore Falls, N.H. . . . • . . • º º - 48
Owl's Heatl and Moosilauke Mount, N.H. . & - c & tº e 50
Littleton, N.H. . . . . o . . º - º tº º º 52
Lancaster, N.H. . tº * . . º - . . . sº º º 54
Dethlehem Station, N.H. . . . - • . . . . . . - 56
Maplewood Hotel, N.H. . . & . . . '. • . º - 57
Twin Mountain House, N.H. . e . . . . . . e º - 58
Fabyan House, N.H. . . . . º º & º e © e 60
Ammonoosuc Falls, N.H. . . . º & e te o e - 61
Mount Washington Railway, N.H. . • • . e e e º 62
Boar's Head, N.H. . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
Portland, Me. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Tallmouth House, Me. . . . . . . © e é e e 75
TJnited States Hotel, Me. . . . . . . . . . . . , 70
White Head Cliff, Portland Harbor . . . . e tº º º 77
Portland Light . º º e e e e - e a s” a - 79
Sebago Lake . e * o & e º © {º g & ſº & 81
10 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
\
Conway Elms
Mt. Kiarsarge, N.H.
Diana's Baths, N.H.
Silver Cascade, N.H.
White Mountain Notch º
Old Colony Railroad • - &
Boat-House Landing, Newport, R. I.
Coast Scene • g
Trout, Pond
Nantucket, Wharf
Newport, R.I. . & - -
Saloon, Old Colony Steamer . & º º º t
Steamer “Bristol,” passing East-River Bridge, N.Y.
Steamboat “Martha’s Vineyard,” passing Oak Bluffs
Riding Out the Storm
Sea-View House, Mass.
Seaside Cottage e -
Mattakeset Lodge, Mass.
Yachting . º g º
Sea-View Boulevard, Mass.
Providence Depot, Boston
Grand Central Depot, New York
Harbor Scene, New York
Fisherman's Cottage - - e
Lehigh Valley, Mauch Chunk, Penn.
Coal Wein . © * - º e
Lehigh Gap e &
Mauch Chunk, Penn. - • e -
Mansion House, Mauch Chunk, Penn. • - -
View from the Mansion House, Mauch Chunk, Penn.
The Flagstaff
Mount Pisgah Plane, Penn.
Onoko Station, Penn. º
Coal Breaker . e ©
Lehigh Valley, Penn.
JProspect Rock, Penn.
Cloud Point, Penn.
Glen Thomas, Penn. -
Solomon's Gap, Penn. . . .
Lackawanna Valley House, Penn. º
Nayaug Falls, Scranton Gorge, Penn. . . .
Switchback Railroad, Moosic Highlands, Penn. .
Jones Lake . . . . * *
Wyoming House, Penn. .
Cave House, N.Y. . e º º e - º
Summer Life at North Mountain House, Penn. .
Wild WOO(ls . .
Ganoga Falls, Penn.
85
8ſ,
37
89
90
97
98
100
101
102
T 04:
106
107
108
110
111
113
114
115
117
126
129
131
141
144
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
156
157
159
160
161
162
1(54
165
16(;
167
168
172
183
185
Mountain Stream
North Mountain View
187
188
190
LIST OF III, USTRATIONS.
1].
Forest Life º w t
Thousand Island House, N.Y.
Moonlight . & tº º * * :
Falls Village Bridge, Penn.
Columbia Bridge, Penn. .
Schuylkill River, Penn. sº g
Valley Forge, Penn. g tº g tº
Schuylkill River, above Pottstown, Penn.
Mount Carbon, Penn. . *
Little Schuylkill River, Penn.
Mahanoy Plane, Penn.
Brookside, Penn. e e g g
Herndon, Susquehanna River, Penn.
Mainville Water Gap, Penn. .
Catawissa, Penn. . e fº
Marine View, - Coal Transport
Strawberry Culture, Del.
IPeach Gathering, Del. . tº g *
Cristfield, Md. : Oyster Shipment, Del.
Iłidley Station, Md. . g t e
Residence of F. O. C. Darley, Esq., Md.
Mount Ararat, Md. g & §
|FIygeia Hotel, Va.
Marine Wie W. º • . •
Coatesville Bridge, Penn. & e
Connecting Railroad Bridge, Penn.
T3ryn Mawr, Penn. & g g
International Exhibition Building, Penn.
Fairmount Park, Penn. .
Hestonville, Penn.
Ardımore Station, Penn. .
Juniata River, Penn.
Logan House, Penn.
Mountain House, Penn. .
Washington, D.C. .
Baltimore Tunnel, Md.
Night Train e
Susquehanna River .
Harrisburg, Penn.
Renova House, Penn.
Dutchlman’s Run, Penn. .
Empire Fall, N.Y.
Rainbow Falls, N.Y.
Hector Falls, N.Y.
Watkins Glen, N.Y.
Seneca Lake, N.Y. e
TJniversity of Virginia . e tº e
Earthworks on the Chickahominy, Va.
Commissary Department
Mountain Tunnel, Va.
192
199
203
212
214.
215
216
217
220
221
222
223
224.
227
228
230
233
234.
235
236
237
238
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
249
251
252
253
255
256
12 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONs.
Rockbridge Alum Springs, Va.
Griffith's Knob, Cowpasture River, Va.
Falling Spring Falls, Va. is s º º
Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs, W. Va.
Start down the Greenbrier, W. Va.
IRichmond Falls, New River, W. Va.
Whitcomb's Bowlder, Va. . © • *
Running New River Rapids, W. Va.
Miller's Ferry, Va. . e s' *
Charleston, W. Va. .
Huntington, Ohio
Storm, at Sea
Green Lake, Wis.
Pleasant Valley
Night Express : s • * te
Giant Geyser, Mon. ..
Crystal Cascade, Mon.
276
277
278
280
282
283
SUMMER RECREATION.
THE custom of setting apart a few weeks or months of the year as a
respite from labor is fast gaining popularity; and each season adds to the
number of those who leave their daily cares behind, and seek rest and
recuperation for mind and body among the hills and deep green Woods
of the country, or at the sea-shore, bathing in Surf or sunlight, and
cooled by the invigorating breezes of the Sea.
Those whom fortune has favored can devote the season to travel, visit-
ing in succession the rare natural wonders with which the country is
stored. Such have only to select the points of interest, and the most
pleasing routes by which they may be visited. A far larger number,
however, choose some desirable and healthful locality where they may
secure the desired change and rest, at cheaper rates even than they
could remain at home. Both classes will find in this book abundant
directions for their guidance. But the following chapter is devoted to
another class, who, from economy or adventure, choose more freedom in
their movements. I refer to the pedestrian, equestrian, and camping-out
party. w
There is a certain age when young men glory in pedestrianism, and
see in it a source of great pleasure. A few years later the same parties
will prefer a horse to facilitate their movements; and, later yet, a carriage
will be required to complete their happiness. As our army of young men
is constantly recruited from the ranks of the home-guard of boys, and as
the “wheels of time ’’ as surely graduate these youth into manhood, it is
proposed to treat briefly each of these sources of recreation.
PEDESTRIANISM.
When the place for “camping-out ’’ has been determined on, the mode
of travel will come up for discussion: this, of course, will be largely
determined by the place chosen for camp, and the length of time it is to
be occupied. If it is to be permanent, it matters little how the place is
reached. But there is another manner of camping-out, combining with
it pedestrianism or equestrianism, by which the advantages of tour and
camp are combined; and this, when the party are physically able to
13
14 PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
endure it, will be found a source of great enjoyment, particularly if an
interesting country be selected. Eight or ten miles per day, at early
morning and late evening, can easily be made, which will sum up quite a
trip during the season. There is a romantic novelty connected with an
excursion of this kind, which commends it to the adventurous. Much of
the enjoyment, however, will depend upon the similarity of tastes, and
physical endurance of the party. The “best fellow in the world,”
socially, would soon become unendurable if he “broke down '' every
day on the march.
> ***... ..
TROUT FISHING.
How delightful the sport in early morn, when the clear air resounds
with the songster’s happy note, and a roseate hue tips the mountain top :
or at quiet eve, when the last rich golden rays of the sun struggle to
pierce the overhanging boughs, -to cast the alluring fly, and land the
gamey trout! And what a tempting dish it forms, caught and cooked
by your own hands, seasoned by a good appetite and the excitement of
adventure

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 15
Pedestrianism determined on, it is of the greatest importance to reduce
the stock of clothing and equipment to actual necessities, for “every
ounce becomes a pound” at the end of a long jaunt. A frequent
error of the novice in tramping tours, is to choose new and elaborately
equipped knapsacks, heavy rifles or fowling-pieces, with patent alm-
munition and fishing-tackle, the accumulation of which soon becomes
burdensome, and the pleasure of the excursion is spoiled. Fortunately
nearly every one can get valuable hints on the subject of out-of-door
life from men of army experience. Strong shoes and clothing are im-
portant. A change of socks and underclothes, and a rubber and woollen
blanket, will be required. The three sides of a shelter tent, divided
among a party of three, can be taken. A wire bread-toaster for broiling
game or meat, a coffee-pot, with tin plates and drinking-cups, knives
and forks, a hatchet, and pocket-compass, complete the Outfit; and all
weigh but a few pounds. Select a light game-bag or haversack, in place
of the heavier knapsack. It is not only lighter, but can be carried with
more freedom. A cape made of oiled silk, or glazed muslin, reaching
to the hands, will be found very serviceable. It is light, and, when not
in use, takes but little more space than a handkerchief, and is a complete
protection against showers by day, or dampness at night. Milk, bread,
&c., can always be purchased from the farmers; coffee and crackers at
the stores. Unless hunting be intended as a specialty, rifles or fowling-
pieces should be left at home. A Smith and Wesson sixteen-inch pistol
with a detached stock weighs but a few ounces, and for ordinary tours
will answer all requirements. Fish hooks and lines should be taken, but
a rod can be improvised for the occasion. A valise containing additional
changes of clothing can be forwarded from point to point. The expense
of an excursion of this kind will be found to be surprisingly small.
EQUESTRIANISM.
In many respects the comforts and pleasures of an excursion will be
increased if the party are mounted. Uninteresting sections can be
Quickly passed, and additional clothing and equipments can be taken.
With a coil of rope to picket the horse, he will secure his own living,
with the addition of oats purchased by the way. The camp should be
pitched where cedar or hemlock boughs for beds can be had. Another
very popular plan with pedestrians is to hire a horse and wagon to draw
the baggage, cooking utensils, tent, blankets, clothing, &c.; and a larger
Supply can then be taken. Each of the party may become driver in turn.
It also saves delay in case of the illness of one of their number, who
may still be able to play the part of driver. This plan possesses many
advantages, and is worthy of consideration.
wº-
mº
rººm
rº
OUT-OF-DOOR LIFE.
On the line of the Erie Railway, near Rock City, N.Y.

PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 17
WAGON RIDING.
There is still another mode of travel for summer tourists which com-
bines the pleasures of those already described, and possesses many
additional advantages; namely, a good roomy covered wagon with curtains
to be rolled up at the sides, in which all can ride, take their cooking
utensils, tent, valises, guns, fishing-tackle, sketching-materials, &c. A
good pair of horses, and an experienced cook for driver and “man of all
work,” will complete the outfit. Such a party can be always at home,
can camp for a few days on the banks of some beautiful stream or lake,
or where the scenery, fishing, hunting, or berries invite them to tarry.
Last summer the writer met such a party from Wilkes Barre, encamped
on the shores of Highland Lake, on the summit of North Mountain,
Pennsylvania (see illustrated description of North Mountain), which had
improved even upon this plan. In addition to tent and equipments,
they had a light boat in their wagon, which could be readily launched.
It might be slung beneath, and become the receptacle of small packages.
This party were dressed in a unique uniform of blue flannel. They re-
mained encamped several days at North Mountain, where the fishing
is good, with fine shooting in the neighborhood; the ladies, meanwhile,
dividing their time between their tent and the North-Mountain House.
The most convenient and ornamental tent which we have seen for camp-
ing-out parties, or for the lawn, is manufactured by Gale & Co., 15 and 16
Fanueil Hall Square, Boston. It is pentagonal, and opens like an um-
brella; is covered with striped canvas; the walls can be wholly or par-
-tially removed at pleasure. It has a folding centre-table, if desired, and
is made of three sizes, accommodating from six to a dozen persons; yet
it can be pitched or struck in ten minutes, and weighs but fifty pounds.
A valuable adjunct to this tent is the lately invented camp-store sold by
H. L. Duncklee, 87 Blackstone
Street, Boston, which for its com-
|
—ll
|
|
|
|
*† pactness, and the many conven-
iſºlº iences it combines, should have
|Hºmº"
H | =\ lºſs Lº been named multum in parro.
| -
| |
|
cAMP-Stove (open).
cAMP-Stov E (CLosed).
The accompanying illustrations represent the stove and furniture, both
open, and packed ready for transportation.





18 - PopULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
In addition to the stove and detached oven, with a capacity for baking
a turkey or fifteen pounds of beef, is an eight-quart kettle, six-quart tea-
kettle, two-quart coffee-pot, fry-pan, two square and one round pans, a
dipper, gridiron, tent-collar, and eight feet of telescope funnel. The
ware is so constructed that it nests, and packs in the oven. The oven
and funnel pack inside the stove, still leaving room for a half-dozen
plates, cups, knives, and forks, &c. The stove and furniture complete
weighs but twenty-seven pounds , and may be purchased for fifteen dollars.
With such a tent and cooking apparatus how cosily a camping-out party
may live, either at the mountains or sea-shore | Such a scene is repre-
sented on the shores of “Jones Lake.” (See Index.)
There is still another species of camping-out which should be
mentioned. I refer to the real camp of the explorer, the hunter, or
adventurer. There is, extending from Canada to Mexico, a border of
wild partially explored country, which affords a field rich in adventure
for all who choose to visit it. There the camp is a real necessity, the
requirements of which it behooves all who propose such an excursion, to
study thoroughly before embarking. There are so many interesting
localities on our frontier to visit that one can hardly go amiss; perhaps,
however, there are none more attractive than the Yellowstone region of
the North-west, the great “National Park,” as it has been aptly termed ;
or the new State of Colorado with its “Garden of the Gods,” its mighty
cañons, &c. Here will be found in perfection those elements of grandeur
in outline, and sublimity in effect, which please the eye, and gratify the
SellSéS.
The comparatively small number that choose these distant fields of
adventure will usually select their grounds from information outside this
volume, while the thousands who go into camp nearer home may consult
its pages. To such, a few additional suggestions may be in place.
The seacoast and lake shores present unusual facilities for this mode
of summer recreation, inasmuch as the lines of railway which usually
skirt the water's edge afford convenient and cheap transportation and
means of access. It is no new feature that the writer seeks to introduce
into summer amusements, for thousands practise it every season; but it
is the desire to show those who have never tried it how simple and
enjoyable this recreation is.
During the “season " of 1874, while visiting summer resorts in differ-
ent sections of the country, we saw camping-out parties at and in the
vicinity of a large number of them. On the shores and islands of Lake
Winnepesaukee several parties encamped for the season ; and both there
and at Lake George they remained until the autumn frost had tinged
the foliage.
PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 19
And so at numerous other pleasant localities, and along the routes lead-
ing to them, parties were seen who had chosen this mode of recreation.
Beyond all question, the most delightful and healthful way to spend
one's summer vacation is in “camping out,” provided the weather is
reasonably pleasant. A time of storm is gloomy enough, whatever the
mode chosen for enjoyment.
| “… º. º -
- --- - -
-v- º
*-***'.
-
º
Bºžº
º --
!
jº,
º
%-
º
*l
º
ſ
f
CAMPING OUT.
In “camping out,” all the stiff formalities of conventional life are
put aside. The body is left free for any sort of dress except fashiona-
ble styles; and the mind is in constant and cheery repose, and there-
fore able to enjoy life with the keenest zest. Health comes to the inva-
lid, with its building-up force of a sharp and eager appetite; and the
strong feel an electric energy, daily renewed, unknown in great cities
and marts of trade. In fact, while the visitor to thronged summer-re-
sorts often returns home worn and wearied, the sojourner of the camp
comes back increased in his avoirdupois, his strength, and his sense of
having had a “glorious” vacation.










20 POPULAR RESORTS, AND II.OW TO REACH THEM.
“Camping out” means a sort of woodman's or frontier life. It means
living in a tent; sleeping on boughs or leaves; cooking your own meals;
washing your own dishes, and clothes perhaps; getting up your own
fuel; making your own fire; and foraging for your own provender. It
means activity, variety, novelty, and fun alive; and the more you have
of it, the more you like it; and the longer you stay, the less willing you
are to give it up. In fact, there is no glory for the summer tourist, to
compare with the “camping-out ’’ glory.
For preparation, you will first know where your camp is to be, and
what it affords for your pleasure. And you will scarcely make your
party less than three, nor more than five. If the number exceeds five,
it will be better to pitch two distinct camps at some distance apart, and
thus have pleasant “neighbors” to visit, and hospitable parties to give,
each to the other. Guns and fishing tackle carefully prepared for use
will, of course, be required for localities where game and fish abound;
and few places would be selected where one or the other, at least, would
not be accessible. Two grand essentials should be thoughtfully remem-
bered, - plenty of dish-cloths, and a good hatchet. A good blanket,
rough clothes, strong shoes, and a convenient knapsack, are absolute es-
entials; but don’t burden yourself with needless things. In fact, while
nothing is needed in the way of choice cravats and white kids, there
should be careful regard to the little things you will need but cannot
buy in the woods, even to a stout-bladed jack-knife.
It is impossible, and useless to attempt, to describe particular spots,
which would tempt a “camping-out ’’ party to prefer. They are num-
bered by thousands. If you would have large game on land, and salmon
in the waters, a location must be chosen in the more wild and rugged re-
gions of our remote borders; and in the right season, – say, in early
May. Should a more quiet and subdued locality be preferred, you may
push for the mountain sides and slopes of Pennsylvania or of Virginia.
No more attractive beauties of nature invite the tourists of our land,
than await those who may seek the elevated portions of “Old Virginny.”
Prince Edward's Island is also unsurpassed in natural charms, in
healthfulness, in its sources for camping-out pleasures, and the broad
hospitality of its rural population. In due time, a great Summer pil-
grimage will set towards that garden of the sea.
Nova Scotia abounds in novelties to our own people, and in its fine
lakes, filled with the most eager and gamey of trout.
The solitudes of New Brunswick, so strangely overlooked by travellers
and writers, possess some of the loveliest as well as the grandest and
most romantic attractions to be found on any portion of our continent.
This picturesque region also will soon, no doubt, be opened by pleasure
hunters and the writers of many books.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND IIow TO REACII THEM. 21
Northern Maine about Moosehead and the Rangeley Lakes, the hills
and streams of Vermont, a great and grand region lying between the
White Mountains and Canada, a lovely land around the head waters
of the Connecticut River, not forgetting Mount Desert nor the Adiron-
dacks, – these are some of the leading areas of our Northern climate,
where camping out may be enjoyed, in all its delicious and inspiring
fulness. - -
This is all that space will permit in this work, for remarks upon “camp-
ing out.” As yet it is only here and there that the camping-out party
is to be found, in the warm months. The attention of vacation takers
has not been turned to this best of all modes of seeking one's comfort
and ease, to the degree required to make it popular and general. But it
cannot be commended too earnestly, nor pressed too persistently upon
public notice. It is not absolutely required that the party camping out
shall locate in a place remote from all civilization. On the contrary, a
vast number of our more popular summer resorts and towns offer
most inviting spots for a camp (see cut) to which the belles would
delight to ramble, and where primitive hospitality can be liberally
dispensed, even when young bucks of fashion may be compelled to
act the parts of Bridget the cook, and Mary the maid of all work.
It is a matter of surprise that this charming way to diversify the
individual and family trip is not more generally remembered and prac-
tised. Let the reader, as he decides whither his summer flight shall
be, ponder well this idea of “Camping Out.”
Harbor and Coastwise Excursions. – One of the most delight-
ful yet economical sources of Summer enjoyment is the harbor excursion.
From each of our great maritime cities, boats conveniently arranged
leave daily for some of the most popular resorts. From Washington
they sail down the Potomac to Mount Vernon; from Baltimore to the
beautiful water retreats in the vicinity; from New York up the North
and East Rivers, to Staten Island, and Harlem ; from Boston to Nan-
tasket Beach, Long Island, Gloucester, and Nahant. Indeed, every large
town with a harbor front has its pleasant resorts; and the stranger has
Only to look in the daily papers for particulars.
Again : if the tourist would consult comfort and economy, if he would
take sleep and rest while passing familiar or uninteresting sections of
the country, he can frequently give diversity to his travels by an occa-
sional trip on a coastwise steamer. In going east from Boston, the daily
steamboat line to Portland, the “Star of the East" up the Kennebeck,
“Sanford's Independent Line" up the Penobscot, the “Inside Line”
from Portland to Mount Desert and Bangor, and the Halifax boats, are
all first-class, and deserving the notice of tourists. The New York boats
are described elsewhere.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEMI. 23
HINTS TO TO URISTS,
IT is a matter of no little anxiety to the devotee of summer pleasures,
or the seeker after new wonders, to choose the field for his examination
which shall yield the richest harvest of pleasure. In days gone by, it
was largely the custom, as a matter of course, to visit those popular
localities of most convenient access; and so it happened that each suc-
ceeding year found the same familiar faces returned to the haunts of past
enjoyments. But, with the remarkable improvement in railroad and
steamboat travel, new resorts have been opened, and fresh wonders pre-
sent their claims for examination. This has induced a new feature in
summer travel. Experienced tourists no longer choose the shortest line
to an objective point, regardless of the scenery through which it lies; but,
by judicious selection, with slight detour, they can embody such routes
as lie through new or pleasant places, which can generally be done with
trifling addition to the expense. The stranger will find much assistance
in the selection of desirable routes and localities, by an examination of
these pages, which, in the present instance, have covered largely the
older and better-known routes of travel; but much remains to be done.
The task set for this work is not completed by dwelling only upon the
well-known and much-visited “resorts '' which have secured popular
favor, and are of ready and easy access. The perspective of other and
less-regarded charms of Nature comes into our future picture. As popu-
lation advances to its hundred millions, pushing the wave of frontier
invasion on, and still on, until it shall break at last upon shores of the
remotest sea, new objects of delight, new charms and beauties and
wonders of creation, will be embraced in the “popular resorts” of
this vast empire. It is not only the places of gayety and fashion and
luxury, which appeal to Summer migration. There are the zones of soft
and bland climates, equable in temperature, and pure of air and water.
There are the pharmacopoeias of Nature’s healing springs, formed from
her own great recipes. And there are other regions, on mountains or
in valleys, to all of which the sufferers from bodily ills will finally resort
in great multitudes in the years now coming.
As yet, the stream of travel during the heated term may be said to
move slowly toward the States lying upon, or contiguous to, the great
lakes and rivers of our North-west. And yet Michigan, Wisconsin,
Minnesota, Indiana, Iowa, and Illinois constitute a region replete with
every degree of picturesque variety, excepting the wild grandeur of lofty
mountain ranges. For invalids with debilitated systems and low vitality,
especially consumptives, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Iowa are
now esteemed by many as decidedly preferable, and more promising of
cure than the soft and palliating atmosphere of Florida. In Michigan,
24 POPULAR RESORTS, AND ITOW TO REACH THEM.
the island of Mackinaw, in the straits of that name, rising in a line two
hundred feet above the water; and the wonderful “Pictured Rocks,”
extending twelve miles, and having an elevation of three hundred feet
from the water’s edge, – are famous already. Wisconsin abounds in
remarkable evidences of having been once inhabited by a now extinct
race. One of these is said to be in the form of a recumbent man, a
hundred and twenty feet long, and thirty feet across the body. (?)
Another is in the shape of a huge turtle. There are falls, gorges, and
wildly torn rocks and hills, the rivals of the most famous in our land.
Minnesota even surpasses some of our most favorite regions of
charming scenery. Save great cataracts and lofty mountains, the State
is of rarest Wealth in natural glories; and no less in stupendous and
yet not fully explored caves. The widely famed St. Anthony’s Falls
are in Wisconsin. And what is generally said just here of these three
States applies no less to the sister States of that region. The traveller
who would seek some new region for recreation, adventure, or health,
may well make his Summer campaign in the pleasant lands of the
North-west.
Colorado is rapidly coming into popular consideration. Twenty
years ago it was scarcely mentioned in gazetteers. Now it is a State of
this Union. The advance of Colorado into public notice, as a place for
emigrants to seek, had its origin in the California fever, and greed for
gold. But the rapid and magical changes of a few years have revealed
to our people a region of indescribable grandeur. Here every thing is
laid out upon Nature’s most gigantic Scale. Rocks, piercing the clouds,
rear their summits from cañons and vast gulfs and gashes that fill the
Soul with speechless awe and delight. All that imagination could con-
ceive, of the stupendous, awful, and sublime, can be profusely studied in
our new sister State of Colorado. Such a glorious panorama cannot re-
main unappreciated among such a travelling and voyaging people as ours.
The Territory of Montana, is another field of Nature’s wonders, though
hardly opened to the tourist. But California is a world by itself,
rich in every variety of scene. Here Nature displays her grandest moods.
To speak of Florida is to re-state what is now well known among
all classes. The remarkably equable climate, at all seasons of the year
to be found in certain portions of Florida, so novel and delightful to
strangers, has invited a constantly increasing tide of visitors to that
State, especially since the war. It is pronounced the most healthful
section of our Continent. The modes of living, the hospitality of its
citizens, its flowers, birds, and varied fruits, – but not its alligators,
—are sources of sweet and placid enjoyment, sui generis in Florida.
Other wonders are constantly presenting themselves, and claim our
attention as “Popular Resorts.” We now turn to New England.
PopULAIR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACII THEM. 25
The City of Boston. – If we depart from the general plan of this
work, to take special note of a great city, it is because Boston stands out
in marked distinctiveness from every other city on the continent, — per-
haps it should be said, from all others of the whole world. For a certain
class of vacation tourists, Boston contains as much to study and enjoy
as is found by other classes in the peaceful woods, the mountain sub-
limities, or the ocean's grand moods. The claim to pre-eminence among
all our cities, for lavish profusion and unstinted generosity in all mat-
ters pertaining to moral, intellectual, and philanthropic progress, is
conceded to Boston, without dispute. Nor are these characteristics Spas-
modic or ephemeral. From the earliest history of the Puritanical
settlements, this distinction has marked the history of Massachusetts,
with Boston as the chief and centre of its manifestations. Institutions
of learning ; of moral and Christian teaching; of broad and compre-
hensive philanthropy; of art; of aesthetic culture; of hygiene; of all
which tends to refine, purify, and elevate the race, — are not merely found
here, but are full of progressive vigor. It is the innumerable systems
of these classes, which induce many summer tourists to dwell for a sea-
son in Boston. We shall not delay to particularize these; for they would
require a book to detail them.
For tortuous and narrow streets, lanes, courts, and alleys, no city of
equal size can or would compete with Boston. Its plan, if it can be
called such, may have been original with wandering cows and sheep;
but no other design could ever have devised it as originally built
since the late fire, however, many of the streets have been widened and
extended, thus bringing some regularity out of seeming chaos; and the
general architecture has been greatly improved, and in many cases is
rich and elegant. The contrast of costly edifices, side by side with
tumble-down ricketiness, is not to be found. What remain, even,
of the older buildings are rapidly giving way to new. Widening of
Streets is progressing at enormous cost ; and the demand for business
facilities finds ample wealth to meet it. The city proper may be pleas-
antly studied.
Rare, beautiful, and refreshing to the eye as is Boston Common, the
pride of Bostonians, the suburbs are even more attractive and grateful.
We doubt if there is a city in the world with such a clustering zone of
half city, half-country, -half nature, half art, — as adorns the environs
of Boston. The peninsula being so much absorbed by trade, the popula-
tion is forced to “roost’’ outside. Here, then, wealth and refined taste
are free to combine and adorn. The stranger needs no special direc-
tions. Any course will suffice for the start; and the net-work of inter-
laced steam, horse-car, and carriage roads will permit one to study the
whole of the delicious panorama, before finishing the day. Or, taking one
26 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
MOUNTAINS.
Mountains, lakes, rivers, and sea-shore form the principal resorts of
New England. The three former are so interspersed and connected,
that descriptions of them naturally blend one into the other. The sea-
coast, fringed with some of the best beaches in the country, is thickly
dotted with summer watering-places, High up in the unseen glens of
the mountains the principal rivers take their rise, sometimes gliding a
thread of silver to the valleys below; again leaping boldly from crag to
crag, in a series of foaming cascades and waterfalls.
The mountains of New England form a --> *
marked characteristic of the scenery of that
picturesque region. Bold and rugged in
outline, grand in effect, clothed in the blue
mystery of distance, and swept by an invig-
orating atmosphere, they embody the char-
acteristics of popularity, and form a highly
attractive point of interest for tourists.
4.42===-L --
While New England is proud of the fame of her mountains, she is
equally pleased with her hundreds of beautiful lakes, sparkling in the






POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 27
sunlight of nature; but in the boldness of her mountains, and the
beauty of her lakes, her waterfalls are eclipsed. In magnitude they
would be buried in the spray of the Yellowstone, or lost in the grandeur
of Niagara; yet they give life and interest to her scenery, and add
variety to the pleasures of guests. They are subject to little change.
The constant roll of waters through countless ages has, with few ex-
ceptions, produced little effect upon the texture of the primitive rock
upon which they fall. The same jagged angles which broke their waters
centuries ago, meet them now, and dash them into fragments of spray.
It is far better as it is. The pleasure of travel would lose half its
interest if one locality combined the excellencies of Nature. Florida,
Without her unrivalled climate, Colorado shorn of her sublime caſions, or
New Jersey bereft of her magnificent sea-shores, would fail to attract
that tide of travel which now invades their borders.
There are really no waterfalls in New England of sufficient magnitude
to draw visitors by their own attractions; but, as auxiliaries, they add to
the variety of scenic characteristics otherwise interesting.
NEW HAMPSHIRE MOUNTAINS.
The early histories of nations show that mountains have always been
objects of awe and veneration. Of this we have abundant proof in
writing, both sacred and profane. Pre-eminent among the mountains of
New England stand the White Hills of New Hampshire. Indeed,
save in altitude, the remark might hold good for the country. It is
well known that the natives held the White Mountains in religious rev-
erence. They called them “Agiochool: ” (Mountains of the Snowy
Forehead, and House of the Great Spirit), always approaching them with
the greatest deference; seldom venturing far up their sides. From the
settlement of the country, they were a source of great interest. They
were visited by Derby Field only twenty-two years after the landing of
the Pilgrims, notwithstanding an unbroken forest intervened; and it is
even claimed that a party of Englishmen visited them ten years previous
to that date. The “Notch '' by which travellers can pass through to the
country beyond, and through which the route of the Portland and Og-
densburg Railroad lies, was discovered in 1772; since which, improve-
ments have been pushed to meet the wants of visitors, until now the
hotels of this region are held among the best in the country. Unless
mountains are of great repute, like the White Mountains, they are sel-
dom visited as a specialty; but their attractions more frequently form
an auxiliary to some neighboring resort, whose enterprising proprietor
improves the paths of approach, and furnishes conveyance. Hence it is
safe to infer, that good hotel and transportation accommodations may
28 , POPULAR RESORTS, AND II.OW TO REACH THEM.
be had in the vicinity of most of our prominent mountains whose at-
tractions are advertised to the public.
Hilly and mountainous regions, like New England, New York, and
the North-west, are generally interpersed with ponds and lakes, which
give a pleasing variety to the landscape. Should the mountains take
the form of ranges, however, as in Pennsylvania, the surface is drained
through the valleys; and lakes, which are so common in some sections of
the country, are in such regions almost entirely unknown. New Hamp-
shire has been aptly termed the “Switzerland of America.” Her gran-
ite hills of rough primeval rock rear their bald and stately peaks high
above the surrounding plains.
The scanty though productive soil at their base, formed by washings
from the disintegration of ages, supports dense forests of hardy trees,
which, as you ascend, become dwarfed and twisted by the winds; yet,
when mere Liliputian in size, their proportions remain. When the line
of vegetation is passed, mosses and lichens alone clothe the nakedness of
the rocks.
The Black Mountain of North Carolina is higher than the White
Mountains, but it is difficult of access, and its surroundings lack the
grand scenic effects with which the former are clothed. The Sierra
Nevadas, though loftier in altitude and grander in effect, are as yet com-
paratively unknown; while the ease with which the Highlands of New
Hampshire are reached will always assure their popularity in the esti-
mation of the travelling public. *
THE WHITE MOUNTAINS.
The White Mountains, geographically known, comprise a large portion
of that part of New Hampshire lying north of Lake Winnepesaukee,
embracing an area of more than five hundred square miles. Through
this region are located many of the summer houses for which New
Hampshire is famed. These are frequently a long distance apart: five,
ten, fifteen, twenty, or even thirty miles may intervene, – which results
in frequent annoyance to the stranger, who, having been preceded by
friends, expects to meet them at their hotel as readily as he would at
Newport, Long Branch, or Saratoga; whereas they may have ap-
proached from an opposite direction, and their hotel may be twenty
miles away. At a distance, all of this section of the State is termed
the White Mountains: with the inhabitants, different localities have
local names by which they are known. If, for instance, a citizen of
Concord, the capital of New Hampshire, should announce his intention to
visit Mount Belknap, it would be understood that he would go to Guil-
ford. If he would visit Red Hill, he would go to Centre Harbor; if
:
|º
| º
º
|
--- |
º º

30 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Mount Kearsarge, he would stop at Potter's Station, on the Northern
Railroad. If Mount Kiarsarge were to be visited, he would go to North
Conway; if Mount Chocorua, or Ossipee Mountains, he would stop at
West Ossipee; if Moosilauke, he would go to Warren; if the Franconia
Range, he would continue to Littleton, and thence by stage. And
to many other mountains popular as resorts, known at a distance as a
part of the White Mountains, his routes would be equally divergent: yet
a visit to neither of these would take him to the White Mountains as
understood by the citizens of the State. It is therefore advised, that
the visitor to that region procure a good map, or, better yet, a copy of
“Eastman’s White-Mountain Guide,” a most complete and reliable book.
The White Mountains proper, of which Mount Washington forms the
crowning centre, are approached by four great natural thoroughfares, or
valleys, up which run superior carriage or rail ways, traversed by excel-
lent coaches or elegant cars. To these valleys, from every direction
converge the various lines of New England. By either road the tourist
will be taken to some portion of the White Mountain region along a
route replete with interest. No two are alike; the scenery differs de-
cidedly on each; and, as much of the enjoyment of a tour depends upon
the pleasure en route, it behooves the traveller to use care in his selection.
By going one road, and returning on another, the pleasure may be
increased. If the design of the tourist were an objective point, like
Niagara Falls, the Mammoth Cave, Watkins Glen, Cape May, or Mauch
Chunk, he might well select the most direct route, and save himself
for the anticipated pleasures in store; but the White Mountain trip will
pay from the start. The scene changes incessantly, and the whole excur-
sion is a panorama of interesting views. The person who has no love
for the beautiful in nature, or who fails to appreciate its charms, and
expects to find the great source of pleasure in store at the end of his
journey, will be quite likely to return disappointed.
The eleven great peaks which form the White Mountain group proper
are, Mount Washington, with an altitude of six thousand two hundred
and eighty-five feet; Adams, fifty-eight hundred; Jefferson, fifty-seven
hundred; Madison, fifty-four hundred; Clay, fifty-four hundred; Monroe,
fifty-four hundred; Franklin, forty-nine hundred; Pleasant, forty-eight
hundred; Clinton, forty-two hundred; Jackson, forty-one hundred, and
Webster, four thousand. Connecting and adjoining these are many
others of nearly equal altitudes. These mountains are generally accessi-
ble. A bridle-path from the south-west extends from the Crawford
House, near the White Mountain Notch, over Mounts Clinton, Pleasant,
Franklin, and Monroe, to the summit of Mount Washington ; and, fol-
lowing as it does the crest of the mountain range, it unfolds a panorama
of the grandest views east of the Rocky Mountains. A carriage-way,
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 31
commencing at the Glen House, has been constructed up the north-
eastern slope of Mount Washington; and on its western face a railroad
connecting by a short turnpike with the Boston, Concord, and Montreal
Railroad, has been built to the top, by which the fatigues of the ascent
have been overcome. Ample hotel accommodations will be found, of a
superior character, on the summit.
ROUTES OF APPROACH.
The main routes of approach to the White Mountains are up the four
great valleys, through which flow the waters from this region, — the
Merrimac and Pemigewasset, the Saco, Androscoggin, and Ammonoosuc,
a tributary of the Connecticut. Through each of these valleys railroads
have been constructed; some extending to the mountains, others con-
tinued by stages, while each connects with tributary roads leading from
distant parts of the country. Visitors from Boston and vicinity have
the choice of four routes. The Boston, Concord, and Montreal Rail-
road extends up the Merrimac, Pemigewasset, and Ammonoosuc Rivers
to the base of Mount Washington. This is also the direct line to Beth-
lehem, Franconia Mountains, Plymouth, and Lake Winnepesaukee vid
Weir's. The Conway. Branch of the Eastern Railroad conveys pas-
sengers to North Conway, where intersection is made with the “Portland
and Ogdensburg,” by which they continue to the mountains. Tourists
can also visit Lake Winnepesaukee by the Wolfboro’ Branch of this road.
Passengers from Boston and Portland, by the Boston and Maine Rail-
road, reach the White Mountains vić, the valley of the Cocheco to Lake
Winnepesaukee; thence by a delightful steamboat sail to Wolfboro’ and
Centre IIarbor, continuing by stage and rail through the valley of the
Saco, as above.
Another route is to continue to Portland by the “Eastern,” “Boston
and Maine,” or by steamer, and thence by the Portland and Ogdensburg
Railroad, up the Presumpscot and Saco valleys to North Conway, where
the train receives tourists by the Eastern and Boston and Maine Rail-
roads, and continues up the valley of the Saco, through the “Notch '' to
the Crawford and Fabyan Houses,” where connection is made with the
Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad.
The approach through the Androscoggin valley, from Portland and the
East, is by the Grand Trunk Railway to Gorham, and thence eight miles
by stage to the Glen House. Travellers from New York to the moun-
tains vid Boston will take one of these routes. There are, however,
inside lines connecting with the several Sound boats, which intersect the
* At the date of writing, the road is completed to Bemis Station, within eight miles of
the “Notch,” with flattering prospects of being finished before this meets the eye
of the reader.
32 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH TIMEM.
“Boston, Concord, and Montreal,” without passing through Boston.
Tourists by the Norwich or Stonington Lines, or by all rail from New
York, can also go by the Worcester, Nashua, and Nashua and Rochester
Railroads, intersecting the Boston, Concord, and Montreal, Boston and
Maine, or Eastern Railroad routes to the mountains. If the trip be made
by all rail from New York, travellers can take the Connecticut Valley Rail-
road at Springfield, continuing to Wells River, where intersection is made
with the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad, and passengers will
reach the mountains by that line. In approaching from Montreal or
Quebec vić Grand Trunk Railroad, tourists can also strike the mountains
on either the east or west side. If the former is desirable, continue on
the Grand Trunk to Gorham, and thence by stage eight miles to the
Glen House. If the west side is preferred, change from the Grand
Trunk to the “Boston, Concord, and Montreal,” at Northumberland, by
which you are taken direct to the Twin Mountain or Fabyan Houses.
Visitors to Bethlehem or the Franconia Range must make this change.
Montreal and Quebec passengers may also go to the White Mountains
vià St. Johns, Canada, and continue thence by the South-eastern Rail-
road to Newport and Wells River. Those from Lake George go by
Burlington and Montpelier to Wells River. From Saratoga, they can
cross the lake to Burlington, or go by Rutland to Bellows Falls; and in
either case intersect the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Road at Wells
River, and reach the mountains by that line. Each of the above routes
has its individual attractions. The termini of the several railroads are
connected with each other, and with the Summer Houses, by lines of
coaches. Parties can also secure private carriages for transportation
throughout the mountains, which will be found one of the most enjoyable
features of the excursion.
FRANCONIA MOUNTAINS.
The group of which Mount Lafayette, having an altitude of fifty-
two hundred feet, is the central figure, is locally known as the Franconia.
Range. These mountains are situated about thirty miles south-west
from the White Mountains proper, and, by their many points of Scenic
interest, successfully rival their more pretentious neighbors. Mount
Lafayette commands a magnificent prospect. It is reached by a bridle-
path, but the ascent is arduous. Here, also, is located that remarkable
phenomenon, Profile Mountain (elsewhere alluded to), which is un-
questionably the most wonderful natural curiosity in the country; While
many other attractive features combine to render this a resort of great
popularity. As before observed, the scenery on each of the above rail-
way lines is entirely different, as shown by the accompanying illustrated
pleasure routes.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. w 33
ILLUSTRATED PLEASURE FROUTE NO. 1.
Boston, Lowell, Worcester, Nashua, Salem, Lawrence,
Manchester, and Concord to Lake Winnepesaukee, Fran-
conia, and White Mountains, Bethlehem, Lake Mem-
phremagog, Montreal, and Quebec.
BOSTON, CONCORD, AND MONTREAL RAILROAD.
THE increase of travel to the White Mountains during the past few
years has been something remarkable. The ease with which the trip
can now be made, even by the aged or by invalids, has wrought this
change. Cars of the most approved styles, equipped with all modern
improvements, are run through without change from Boston and from the
New-York boats. Hotels furnished with the comforts and luxuries of
home spring up from the depths of the forest, and even crown the rocky
summit of Mount Washington. A commendable emulation has actuated
the several railroad companies, each striving to excel the other by add-
ing to the comforts and conveniences of tourists.
To-day the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad leads the
van by placing its patrons at the end of their journey with the least
effort to themselves. Its rails stretch to the base of Mount Washington;
may, by the patronage of this road, the cars now climb to the crest of that
grand old peak, where they deposit travellers on the platform of an excel-
lent hotel which has been built to shelter them. With the exception of a
short ride from the Fabyan House to the Mount Washington R.R. Depot
(six miles), there is a continuous line from Boston to the top of Mount
Washington. This route receives more patronage, and distributes its
patrons through more connecting lines, than any other.
Among the most prominent roads which contribute to swell the travel
on the Boston, Concord, and Montreal, are the Portsmouth and Concord
Railroad, Boston and Maine, Manchester and Lawrence, and Concord,
with passengers from Boston, Lynn, Salem, Lawrence, Manchester, and the
East; the Boston, Lowell, and Nashua, with guests from those cities;
Framingham and Lowell, and its connections, with passengers from New
Bedford, Newport, Taunton, Fall River, and Providence, and the New-York
and Stonington lines of steamers; the Worcester and Nashua, with its
local and New-York travel; and the Connecticut-River and Passumpsic
Railways, with their numerous branches and connecting lines. Each of
these roads must send its White-Mountain travel over the rails of the
Boston, Concord, and Montreal.
34 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Passengers from Boston take the cars at the Boston, Lowell, and Nashua
Depot, or go by the “Boston and Maine” from Haymarket Square to
Lawrence, and thence via the Concord Railroad to Manchester, where
the train connects with that from Boston by the Boston, Lowell, and
Nashua Railroad, and the two united continue to the mountains.
The Boston, Lowell, and Nashua Road is, perhaps, the legitimate route.
This is made popular by the excellence of its equipments and running
stock, and the
promptness and
regularity of its
express trains, ar-
ranged at hours
calculated to meet
the wants of pleas-
ure travel. Its de-
|| || || pot, on Causeway
######3 Street, being one
| || ºfºil of the finest struc-
||||—|| # | º |iſiºi tures of the kind
H= in the United
States, is not only
very popular with
the travelling
public, but it has
come to be an ob-
ject of interest to
strangers. A large
share of summer patronage is that in transit from New York and the
South, through Boston, to the interior resorts of New Hampshire. The
New York trains reach Boston early in the morning, at six or half past.
The express train for the mountains leaves, by this road, at eight, A.M.;
and the object was to construct a depot so ample in its appointments, so
thorough in its equipments and conveniences, as to preclude the necessity
of going to a hotel; and travellers will find, at the Lowell Depot, draw-
ing rooms as elaborately furnished and conducted, and restaurants where
meals are as well served, as at first-class hotels generally; thus affording
to the wearied, travel-worn tourist, abundant facilities for toilet and rest
before the resumption of his journey.
The ease with which the Lowell Depot is reached by public conveyance
is also a feature of interest to the traveller. It is within fifty feet of the
Eastern Railroad Depot, and within two minutes walk of the “Fitch-
burg” or “Boston and Maine;” while the depots in the southern por-
tion of the city are connected with this by horse-cars, which pass the
door every few minutes.
º-
#
º -
miſſiſſiliili |ºt
| - | º h |E # - ---
Causeway Street, Boston,

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 35
In the construction of this building, the architect has not only sought
to combine all the advantages possible for the accommodations of the
railroad, and the convenience of its patrons; but in its design and execu-
tion the city has secured an ornament in architecture of which its citi-
zens may well be proud. The accompanying cut entirely fails to convey
an idea of either its magnitude or finish. The “train-house,” 565 feet
in length, has been entirely ignored by the artist; but its ample propor-
tions, completely covering the trains upon the several tracks, will, in the
protection it gives, be appreciated by the public.
The principal tower is 148 feet high, the central dome 113 feet, and
the east tower 104 feet. The central front of the building is occupied
by the ladies’ grand reception-room, 54 by 25 feet, which is elabor-
ately finished and richly furnished. Upon its right and left respectively
are also waiting-rooms for gentlemen and ladies. At the left of the
main tower is the dining-room; and upon the samie floor are baggage-
rooms, barber-shop, toilet rooms, drinking fountains, and every conve-
nience required by travellers.
The entrance is through archways at either end, of sufficient capacity
for foot-passengers and carriages, a great convenience in stormy weather.
From these the entrance is to the main court, where the first impres-
sion of the magnitude of this building is felt. This court is 92 feet
long by 52 feet wide, and extends from floor to ceiling, past three
stories, a distance of 76 feet. The floor is covered with marble tiles
in unique design. Ten pilasters at the sides, and six at the ends,
continue to the roof, and, standing one above the other, support the
balconies on the sides which lead to the various offices of the company.
Between each pilaster is an arched-top doorway or window, opening to
rooms beyond, an arrangement which gives great richness to the finish.
The doors on the side open from the main entrance, and to the dining
and baggage rooms; those at the south enter the reception-rooms, and .
those at the north lead to the trains; and between these is the ticket-
office. The entire finish is in ash, elaborately carved. The ceiling is
glass and stucco. From this depot the trains are made up for Lake
Winnepesaukee, the Franconia Mountains, Northérn New Hampshire
and Vermont, Northern New York, Canada, and the West.
Passengers from Boston can also take the cars at the Boston and Maine
Depot. These trains unite at Manchester, New Hampshire, and continue
through Concord to the Fabyan House, at the base of Mount Washing-
ton. This route is made pleasant and interesting by the many streams and
bodies of water along which it passes, among which may be mentioned the
Charles and Mystic Rivers; the Merrimac, along whose banks it follows for
many miles; the Suncook and Winnepesaukee Rivers ; Lake Winnesquam, Lit-
tle Bay, Lake Winnepesaukee, Waukawan Lake, Long Pond, Pemigewasset, and
º

PopUI, AR RESORTS, AND HOW TO I: EACII THEM. 3
Baker's Rivers; the Connecticut, Wells, Ammonoosuc, and Israel's Rivers;
and many other smaller streams and ponds.
We strike the Merrimac at Lawrence or Lowell, following it past Man-
chester and Concord, crossing and re-crossing it at times. The beauty of
its course is frequently varied by picturesque falls, affording more im-
proved water-power than any river in the country. The falls at Law-
rence, Lowell, Amosketſ, and Hook sett are particularly noticeable.
The accompanying cut, representing Hooksett Falls, also shows the
Suncook Valley Railroad, which leads to Pittsfield, N.H., a thriving and
beautiful village nestled among high hills, which are dotted with farm-
houses, that are fast becoming popular with boarders from cities.
This route also leads through the heart of the cotton-manufacturing
interest of New England; passing L(t/trence, Lowell, and Manchester, be-
sides many smaller manufacturing-towns. Concord, the beautiful
capital city of New Hampshire, possesses many features which make it
a favorite resort during the summer and autumn months. It contains
about 12,500 inhabitants; yet all are so comfortably domiciled, that it
is frequently remarked by strangers “Where do your poor live?” The
shaded concrete walks of the city add much to the comfort of visitors.
The State Capitol stands in the centre of a small but beautiful square,
handsomely laid out, and ornamented with broad-spreading trees. The
structure is of pleasing architecture, built of native granite, for which
the vicinity is noted, the whole surmounted by a lofty dome. Imme-
diately fronting the State IIouse, on the main street, is the Eagle Hotel,
a fine brick structure, which is widely known as a first-class house. The
“Eagle’’ receives much of its foreign patronage from parties, who, after
starting for the mountains, prefer to spend a few days at Concord before
leaving for the season; and particularly from those returning in the
autumn, driven in by the early frosts, who always find here and in the
vicinity a few weeks of charming weather.
Among the other public buildings may be named the Court House,
Churches, Schools, City IIall, State Prison, and State Asylum for Insane.
The two latter institutions are in fine condition. The Prison, unlike
those of many States, is made a paying institution. The Asylum has
been built 32 years, and is very successfully conducted.
Concord is somewhat celebrated for its manufactures, particularly
of carriages and coaches, which are shipped extensively to all parts of the
world. As a railroad centre, Concord presents admirable facilities for
intercourse with various sections of the country.
The line proper of the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad starts
from Concord, though its cars and those of the Boston, Lowell and
Nashua, the Framingham and Lowell, and the Worcester and Nashua
Roads, run through from those cities, and continue to the mountains.
º
º
º
|
º
|
|

POPULAR RESORTS, AND IIow TO REACH THEM. 39
A few miles above Concord, the road again grosses the Merrimac,
and leads away towards Lake Winnepesaukee.
Tillon is the first town of interest. This was formerly known as San-
bornton Bridge. It is a thriving manufacturing village, and forms the
centre of a large agricultural region. The Methodist Seminary located
here, a good view of which appears in the engraving, has been long and
favorably known. Tilton possesses an unusually fine water-power, not
computed by its volume alone, but by its great regularity. The river
which runs through the place is the outlet of Lake Winnepesaukee, in
which large reservoir the water is held in reserve by the water-power
company which owns it, to supply the cotton-manufactories at Lowell
and Lawrence during the droughts of summer.
There is a charm in this whole region for summer life. Not only the
town of Sanbornton, from which Tilton is an offshoot, but, Canterbury
and Meredith, Belmont and Gilmanton, all furnish desirable Summer
homes. The topography is particularly adapted to promote the health
of its inhabitants. The land is generally high and rolling, and has been
so long cleared that the climate is fully established.
A stage leaves Tilton, on the arrival of the morning train, for Gilman-
ton Academy, passing through Belmont, formerly known as Upper Gil-
manton. Gilmanton is becoming popular as a summer residence for
persons from Boston and New York, who build here houses for the warm
season. It possesses the advantage of good and long-established institu-
tions of learning, and is sought by persons having a family. Al-
though supplied with daily mail and stage connections, there is no railroad
within its borders; and, with a society cultivated by its fine schools, it
possesses much of that pristine character which characterized New Eng-
land towns of earlier days. Lower Gilmanton is reached by the “Con-
COrd” and “Suncook Valley Railroad” to Pittsfield, and Gilmanton Iron
Works by the “Boston and Maine” to Alton, and thence by stages. From
Tilton the road follows the Winnepesaukee River, and the shores of Little
Bay and Winnesquam Lake, past Union Bridge, to Laconia.
Although undeveloped at present, this region possesses many features
calculated to make it popular with the seeker after health and pleasure.
Winnesquam Lake is some twelve or fifteen miles in length, is beautiful
in form and surroundings, and, but for its more pretentious rival Win-
nepesaukee, would have, ere this, received the attention which its merits
deserve. It has long been known as the home for the lake trout, and
somewhat famed for its piscatorial advantages. Two small summer
houses furnish accommodation for visitors, – the Winnesquam at the
lower end of the lake, and the Bay View, which is admirably located in
the suburbs of Laconia. The cars pass between it and the lake, and
leave passengers when requested.
º
|
|
|
|
|
º
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
º
|
|
r
| -
-
s
-
**
|

POPULAR RESORTS, ANI) io W to 1:1. ACII Til I.M. 41
The route, which from Concord lies through an uninteresting country,
now fairly enters the lake and mountain region. The scenery does not
possess the grandeur of the White-Mountain section; yet it is marked by
many elements of picturesque beauty. Its water-views are fine; a distant
line of mountain-peaks cuts the horizon. It is only five miles, over a good
country road, to Mount Belknap, which is easily accessible, and from
whose barren summit may be had one of the finest landscape-views on
the Atlantic slope. It varies from the Red-Hill prospect by having Lake
Winnepesaukee and the entire group of the White and Franconia Moun-
tains in the same view. The steamer “Mount Washington’’ can be dis-
tinctly seen soon after it leaves Alton Bay, and traced on its way for more
than twenty-five miles to Wolfboro' and Centre Harbor. The steamer
“Lady of the Lake” can also be followed in its tortuous course from
Weir's to Centre Harbor and Wolfboro’. From this elevated position
a much better idea of the great number of islands is obtained than while
sailing on the lake. Beyond its placid waters the mountain ranges rise
in successive peaks; and towering above all is the well-known “Presi-
dential Group,” of which Mount Washington is the commanding centre.
Mount Belknap is at present but little known to the travelling public;
but its pleasant approach, easy access, and magnificent “View” must
eventually bring it into great popularity. Visitors to Laconia will find
the Bay View House (seen on the right of the engraving) delightfully
located, and surrounded by beautiful scenery. It is noted alike for its
good table, home-like atmosphere, and reasonable terms.
Lake Village
is but a mile
and a half from
Laconia: their
suburbs meet:
and the towns
are seemingly
one. The views
in the vicinity
are very like
tlºose near La-
conia. Indeed,
the same moun-
tain ranges may
be seen in the
distance, though the water foreground is different. There is nothing
grand in the scenery as the train steams away towards the lake, but it is
very picturesque. At Weir's Station passengers change for Wolfboro’, ('em-
tre Harbor, and Conway. Within the past year a Methodist camp-meet-
LAKE VILLAGE, N.H.
Boston, Concord, and Montreal R.R.

º, ſº
º
-
^ º
º
- | |
|
| º
º |
---
|
.
º | º
|
| ||
| |
| | | |
.
º
|
|
i
-

























PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To RÉACH THEM. 43
ing ground has been dedicated in a delightful grove adjoining the station,
which bids fair to increase the popularity of this charming spot. Several
commodious buildings have already been erected: lots for cottages have
been secured on a site commanding a magnificent view of the lake, with
fine boat and railroad accommodations. Those who desire to visit Wolf-
boro’, Centre Harbor, or Conway will find the commodious little steamer
Lady of the Lake awaiting them at the landing. Arrangements have
been made to run the boat from Wolfboro’ to Weir's, and vice versa, to ac-
commodate tourists to and from the Franconia Mountains. The dis-
tance to Wolfboro’ is twenty miles, and to Centre IIarbor but half that,
although the latter route seems to combine all the beauties of the lake.
When the steamer leaves the wharf, the jutting points of the adjacent
islands would seem to bar our progress; but, as it speeds its way, the view
unfolds, the channel opens; and we wind our pleasant course among the
islands, at times so near that the overhanging branches almost sweep
the boat. The lake is from twenty-five to thirty miles long, and varies
from one to eight miles wide. It contains about sixty-nine square
miles, and nearly three hundred islands, on many of which are fine
farms, and several are used for grazing. Its surface is 472 feet above
the level of the sea. The numerous islands which dot its bosom, the
beautiful hills which hem it in, and its many points and inlets, combine
to make Winnepesaukee one of the most pleasing inland resorts in the
country. The sedative influence and peculiar quiet of the scene, dur-
ing the charming days of an Indian Summer, with the bright tints of an
autumnal foliage, graduating to the Soft haze of the mountain blue, re-
flected in its waters, is most wonderful. At Centre House or Wolf-
boro’ for days and weeks the tourist lingers, forgetting, among the
quiet beauties of nature, the cares of a business-life. The excur-
sion to Centre Harbor also forms one of the most delightful day-trips
from Boston. Leaving the city at 8 o'clock in the morning, vià the
Boston, Concord, and Montreal R.R. and steamer “Lady of the Lake,” the
visitor will have an hour for dinner at Centre Harbor, returning by the
steamer “Mount Washington,” and Boston and Maine Railroad, to Boston
the same evening, thus passing through the cities of Lowell, Nashua,
Manchester, Concord, Dover, Haverhill, and Lawrence, with the inter-
vening towns, and traversing the entire length and breadth of Lake
Winnepesaukee, by both routes, in a single day.
It would be easy to introduce pages of description from the pens of
visitors; but all are embodied in the following quotation from that
eminent writer, EDWARD EVERETT.
“I have been something of a traveller in our own country, - though far
less than I could wish, – and in Europe have seen all that is most attractive,
-
|
|
|
º


PopUILAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH rii EM. 45
from the Highlands of Scotland to the Golden Horn of Constantinople,
from the summit of Hartz Mountains to the Fountain of Vaucluse; but my
eye has yet to rest on a lovelier scene than that which smiles around you as
you sail from Weir's Landing to Centre Harbor.”
From Weir's Landing the train continues northward past Meredith, a
pleasant village located on the shores of the lake, from which steamers
run to other villages during portions of the year. Above Meredith the
route leads for four miles along the south shore of Waukawan Lake.
Long Pond on the right is
the next body of water passed,
the train gliding safely under
the shadow of Ragged Moun-
tain, whose rocky sides have
been blasted away to give pas-
sage to the cars. This scenery
and that around Ashland is
very fine; and many a tourist
artistically inclined will be
lured from the cars to visit
it. The Pemigewasset and
Squam Rivers, which unite
here, furnish many landscape
“bits” of artistic beauty.
The course of Squaw River
is not along our route; but
the lover of the beautiful
who would follow it three
miles, to its source in Squam
Lake, will be amply repaid.
Squam Lake has already
been alluded to in a visit
from Centre Harbor; but no
single description can ex-
laust its picturesque beau
ties. Indeed, this whole
- - region possesses peculiar
RAGGED Mountain & Long Pond, MEREDITH, N.H. charms for the liberated
Boston, Concord, and Montreal R. R. citizen of our larger towns,
where weeks or months may be quietly spent; and, if he makes up his
mind in advance to take the accommodations as he finds them, he cannot
fail to be pleased. Unfortunately, no large hotel has yet been built here;

-º-º-º-º-º-º:
On entering
the Pemigewas-
set Valley at
Plymouth, the
scenery assumes beautiful com-
binations of lines, and scenic
effects. The whole region, both Žº --~~~
on the river and inland, is made up of grand pano-
ramic views or choice “bits,” fron which the artist? º:
readily fills his sketch-book.
| 2 3 4.
Engraved earpressly for “Bºtcheller's Popular ºesorts, and Ilow to ºeach Them."
| Franconia Mountains. LYMOUTH, N.H. 3. Boston, Concord, & Montreal R.R.
2. Pemigewasset House. 4. Pemigewasset River.







POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM. 47
but it is but a short drive from Centre Harbor, where all the quiet
comforts of home will be found.
Ashland was formerly known as I/olderness, and is remembered by mem-
bers of the Episcopal denomination as one of the first places where that
society flourished in this part of the State. Above Ashland we enter the
valley of the Pemigewasset, which we follow to Plymouth.
The stranger will be particularly struck by the purity of the water in
the wayside streams flowing from springs on the mountain sides. They
furnish admirable nurseries for the speckled trout with which they gen-
erally abound.
The approach to Plymouth is very picturesque. The line of the road
is along the banks of the river, which meanders its course through rich
meadows, shaded here and there by broad-sweeping elms. On either
side are high wooded hills, which, by gentle grade, sweep down to the
PEMIGEWASSET HOUSE.
valley below; while beyond in the blue distance are the Franconia
Mountains. As you are whirled rapidly into the town, the Pemige-
wasset House, which in the distance seemed a mere speck among the
trees, rises invitingly before you.
On reaching town, the train stops immediately in rear of the hotel;
and, with an evident knowledge of the good things within, the passengers

48 PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM.
soon fill the long dining-rooms of the house, or the restaurants attached
to it. Ample time is given for dinner, full thirty minutes, before the
conductor cries, “All aboard ' " But here we find that many of our com-
panions have left us, though the number is made good by others, who
have been spending a few days at this enjoyable place. Plymouth is
deservedly one of the most popular resorts in New Hampshire. It is a
compact village, with several fine churches, schools, county buildings,
railroad offices, &c. But tourists visit Plymouth for its delightful sur-
roundings, pleasant drives, and magnificent scenery, and no less for
the popularity of its noble hotel, the Pemigewasset House.
This elegant and spacious hotel is delightfully situated on the banks
of the Pemigewasset, near its confluence with Baker's River. The halls,
parlors, and dining-rooms are large, light, and handsomely furnished.
The chambers are high and well-ventilated. There are bath-rooms with
hot and cold water, and all the modern conveniences of a first-class
house. It is under the patronage of the Boston, Concord, and Montreal
Railroad, and is frequented by persons of culture and taste, some
having secured rooms for nine consecutive years. An air of refinement
pervades its atmosphere, which is immediately felt by visitors.
Livºr Morº FA I.I.'s are on
a wild turbid stream, which
forces its way along a rugged
bed of shattered rocks. The
road-way crosses by a light,
airy bridge immediately below
the falls, affording an oppor-
tunity to view them without
leaving the carriage. Where
there are so many pleasant
drives as in the vicinity of
Plymouth, it is difficult to
particularize, indeed, with the
fine turn-outs furnished at
the hotel, one can scarcely go
Livermore FALLS, PLYMOUTH, N.H. amiss. The drive around Pl/-
Boston, Concord, and Montreal R. R. mouth Mt. is very highly spoken
of; and a longer excursion by private conveyance up the valley of the
Pemigewasset to Franconia Notch is delightful.
Mount Prospect is much visited. A carriage-road leads to its summit,
which is 2,963 feet above the sea. It commands a landscape view of
are beauty, embracing the Franconia and White Mountains, and this
entire lake-region, of which Winnepesaukee is the most noted. There
are also several elevations in the immediate neighborhood of the village,
which pedestrians will delight to visit.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 49
STAGE-ROUTE FROM PLYMOUTH TO THE FRANCONIA
MOUNTAINS.
There are those who would find their visit to the mountains unsatis-
factory without a stage-ride: to such the writer can recommend the
route from Plymouth to the Profile House. It is over a good road,
and through one of the most picturesque regions of New Hampshire.
Artists do not generally spend their summers at the mountain-houses, but
select some desirable field for their labors. The route from Plymouth
to the Profile House passes through Compton and Woodstock, which is
emphatically a field for artists, where, through the months of summer and
autumn they gather the choice bits which occupy their winter months, and
delight their friends at home. A more interesting drive can scarcely be
conceived. The road passes near the Flume. This is a wonderful freak
of nature, — an upright fissure in the rocks, which have been forced asun-
der by some mighty convulsion; while high up their sides is held in un-
yielding grasp a huge bowlder, beneath which a wild mountain torrent
dashes its feathery spray. The Pool is a curiosity scarcely less interest-
ing, and should be visited by the tourist. An impetuous stream, shaded
by forest trees, walled in by precipitous ledges, escaping from the
thicket above, leaps from the rocks into the deepening gloom below. The
Basin is passed at the road-side, and is an exceedingly attractive feature.
Here a mountain torrent rushes obliquely into a rocky caldron, around
which for ages past the waters with dizzy whirl have polished its granite
sides. The Old Man of the Mountain is seen on the left a half mile
before reaching the Profile House; and it is better to visit it late in
the afternoon, with the bright sky behind it. It requires no stretch
of the imagination to detect the cold, sharp outline of the human profile
chiselled in colossal proportions by the hand of nature. This is unques-
tionably the most remarkable natural curiosity in this country, if not in
the world. The likeness is formed of three blocks of granite, high up
the mountain-side, located rods apart; yet when viewed from one particu-
lar spot the profile is perfect. It is 70 feet from chin to forehead; yet
the lines are softenéd by distance. The beautiful lake at the foot of
the mountain is known as the Old Man's Washbowl. Echo Lake, near the
Profile House, is also one of the points of interest.
The ascent of Mt. Lafayette is made from here, and is scarcely less in-
teresting than that of Mt. Washington, although much more difficult and
fatiguing, as it must be done on horseback, unless the tourist is a good
pedestrian. This locality can also be visited with a quarter-part the
stage-coach ride by keeping the cars to Littleton. Resuming Our
seats in the cars at Plymouth, the train for twenty miles continues up
the valley of Baker's River. There is nothing striking in the scenery;
50 PopULAR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM.
but the mountains and river present varied combinations of forms in
which the tourist will not fail to be interested. In the vicinity of
Warren the mountains become bolder and more rugged; and the
time is not far distant when this locality will be largely frequented by
lovers of fine scenery. Even now the small hotel in the village, and
many private boarding-houses, are well patronized. A wild mountain
OWL'S HEAD AND MOOSILAUKE, WARREN, N.H.
Boston, Concord, and Montreal R.R.
stream in the suburbs has several waterfalls and pretty cascades,
which are well worth visiting. A good carriage-road leads to the sum-
mit of Moosilauke, five miles away. This mountain is 4,600 feet high,
and commands a magnificent prospect. Visitors will find accommoda-
tions at the Summit House. A fine view of Moosilauke may be had
from the right of the cars, while going northward. A few miles above

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 51
Warren, is a high barren cliff, called Owl's Head, which rises precip-
itously above the surrounding forests. This locality presents many
points of interest, particularly for a pedestrian, who, with fishing-tackle
or gun, may while away a few weeks in autumn.
The rugged form of Owl's Head, combined with Moosilauke, and the
green meadows which surround them, make a beautiful landscape. In-
deed, the scenery is all fine along this section of the route. Haverhill, a
few miles farther on, is a pleasant village: the public buildings of Grafton
County are located here. The line of the road has led us gradually towards
the Connecticut. On our left are the rich bottoms which skirt its borders;
and the thriving village of Newbury, Vt., can be seen across the river.
The train crosses the Connecticut at Woodsville to Wells River, where
connection is made with the Passumpsic, Montpelier, and Wells River
Railroads. After receiving their White Mountain passengers, the cars
re-cross to the east bank, and continue up the Ammonoosuc. This is
indeed a pleasing stream. Its course is broken by falls and rapids; and
its waters are swept by the branches of overhanging trees. The next
village passed is Bath, which is charmingly situated on the bank of the
river, and presents a very picturesque appearance. Lisbon is but a few
miles farther on. This is a very interesting village, and pleasantly
located. The discovery of a gold-mine has given it interest. “Passump-
sic ’’ passengers for Newport and Lake Memphremagog diverge here.
Littleton is the largest and most populous village in this section of the
State. It 'contains several hotels and boarding-houses, among which
Thayer's is the best known. The scenery at Littleton presents many
artistic combinations. The village is built mostly on the right bank
of the river, extending up the hillside. From the upper portion of
the town is had an excellent view of the White Mountains, flanked by the
Franconia Mountains, and other ranges equally interesting.
Littleton contains about 2500 inhabitants, and is well supplied with
churches, schools, banks, and printing-offices. Indeed, it seems a minia-
ture city, yet so small that ten minutes' walk in any direction will take
you into the delightful suburbs, where all the pleasures and amusements
of the country may be enjoyed. During the summer months the number
of inhabitants is largely increased. The atmosphere is exhilarating, and
the water pure, for which so many come heree, wher more home com-
forts can be enjoyed, in preference to going to the mountain-houses.
From Littleton, tourists can easily visit the more important points of
interest. Mount Washington, the White Mountain-Notch, Pool, Flume,
Profile, and many other interesting places, can be visited in a day, and
return the same night. Stages to the Profile House and Franconia Moun-
tains leave here twice daily. No tourist to the mountains can afford to
pass the Franconia Notch, without a call. Indeed, it is one of the few
|
|
" º
º
-
-

popular: REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM. 53
places where the traveller lingers. The Profile House, near the Notch,
is one of the largest and best appointed in New England.
Seven miles above Littleton the Wing Iroad branches to the right, and
continues past Bethlehem and Twin Mountain House to the Fabyan
Hotel at the foot of Mount Washington.
The next station of importance on the main line is Whitefield, exten-
sively known for its lumber operations, but more recently as a summer-
resort. In the neighborhood are some fine views of mountain scenery;
and the place is fast growing in popularity, which may also be said of
Dalton, the next station on the line.
Lancaster is one of the most beautiful villages in Northern New
Hampshire. It is well laid out, has concrete walks, and fine shade-
LANCASTER HOUSE,
- Lancaster, N.H.
trees ornament its streets. The architecture is good; and tasteful gar-
dens are everywhere to be seen. There are six churches, a public
library, and other public buildings; and throughout the town pervades
an air of taste and refinement. The village is built in an immense
amphitheatre, surrounded by hills and mountains, which are reached by
excellent roads, affording some of the most delightful drives in the State.
The view from Lunenburg Hills, Vt., is unsurpassed. Israel's River passes
through, and the Connecticut near the town. There are several hotels,
the most prominent being the Lancaster House.
The Lancaster House is superior to most houses situated so far
from the centres of trade. It accommodates conveniently 150 guests.

Engraved expressly fºr “Bacheider's Popular Resorts, and How to Reach Them.”
l, Lunenburg Heights, 4. Lancaster House,
2. Connect cut River, LAN CASTER, N.H. 5 Mount Lyon.
3. Boston, Concord, & Montreal R.R. 6. Stratford Peaks.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 55
The rooms are large and high-posted. From the ample cupola which
surmounts it, the view of the While Mountain Range, Stratford Peaks, Starr
King, Pilot Range, Mt. Lyon, and the green hills of Vermont, is unsur-
passed. Parlor-cars run through the village from Canada, Boston, Fall
River, Newport, New London, and Worcester. Lancaster is a town well
calculated to please the visitor who would make it his home during the
summer or autumn months.
The Waumbec IIowse is but eight miles away, and can be reached by
stage. This and other houses in Jefferson are in a romantic locality,
which will well repay a visit.
From Lancaster the train continues to Northumberland, where connec-
tion is made with the Grand Trunk Railroad for Canada and the West.
Percy or Stratford Peaks are northern outstanding spurs of the
White Mountains; bold and rugged in outline, grand in effect, yet less
popular with the tourist than those forming the principal group of the
White Mountains proper, or those which are farther south. These
mountains are visited from the village of Northumberland, where the
Boston, Concord, and Montreal, and Grand Trunk Railroads intersect. A
charter has been obtained by the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Com-
pany to construct a railroad to the Canada line ; this will open up a new
and varied field for the tourist, happily divided into rich, arable land,
and wild, interesting scenery.
Dixville Notch. — In the extreme northern section of New Hamp-
shire, near the Canada line, there is a barren region, sparsely inhabited,
yet rich in picturesque grandeur. It is a favorite resort of the few,
though but little known to the general tourist. The altitude is high,
the atmosphere clear and dry, and the water pure and sweet.
The streams abound in speckled trout. This is near the head-waters
of the Connecticut and Androscoggin Rivers; the former flowing South-
ward through New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, and Connecticut,
into Long Island Sound; the latter bearing eastward, skirting the base
of the White Mountains, and moving through New Hampshire and
Maine into the broad Atlantic. Dixville Notch has many objects of
interest. A rugged pinnacle, five hundred and sixty-one feet above the
carriage-road, approached by a rough stone stairway, is called Table Rock.
Jacob's Ladder is the name which has been given to the path that reaches
it. Another path near at hand leads to the Ice Cave, a protected gorge
where the snows lodge in winter, and remain throughout the summer.
Dixville Notch, which is a mile and a half long, like the White Mountain
Notch, has its towering rocks, grand Flume, turbulent stream, and its
Snowy cascades.
56 PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM.
The Connecticut Lake, lying to the northward, is also a feature of
this unfrequented region. It may be reached from Colebrook, twenty-
five miles, by stage. A pleasure steamer has been placed on its waters.
The principal lake is but five and a half by two and a half miles; a sec-
ond, four miles away, reached by a forest path, is but half this size; a
third and fourth, both small, are beyond. These lakes are well stocked
with fish, whose unfamiliarity with the sports of civilization make this a
desirable locality for a “camping-out” party, though comfortable hotel
accommodations can be had. This is similar to the Lake Umbagog
region described elsewhere.
Resuming our route on the Wing Road (see index), we follow up the
RAILROAD STATION, BETHLEHEM, N.H.
Boston, Concord, and Montreal R.R.
banks of the Ammonoosuc ; though for several miles there is nothing in
the character of the scenery to indicate to the tourist that he is rapidly
approaching one of the most celebrated summer-resorts in America.
Bethlehem Station is the first stopping-place. The village of Bethlehem,
two miles from the station, is one of the favorite summer residences
in the mountain-region. With the increasing popularity of White
Mountain travel come large numbers as sight-seers and pleasure-seekers:
still, there are many who visit the highlands of New Hampshire for the
water pure from its mountain springs, and fine invigorating atmosphere
which sweeps the hills, and after a few months’ sojourn feel that they
have renewed their lease of life. The extent of country thus visited
occupies an area of more than 500 square miles, embracing every variety
of surface and surroundings, from the green meadow, the rolling upland,

Popui, AR REsorts, AND Irow to REACH THEM. 57
the high mountain-peak, to the dense primeval forest. The village of
Bethlehem is built on a plateau or ridge of deep, rich soil, which con-
nects the White and Franconia ranges of mountains, and commands
striking views of both. Its altitude is greater than that of any other village
east of the Rocky Mountains.
Some years ago a Boston merchant, overtaxed by business cares,
and suffering from loss of health, was recommended to try a season
at Bethlehem. He returned in the autumn well, -completely invig-
orated and restored; but each season finds him with his family at
their mountain home. Thankful for this marvellous and unexpected
restoration, with his ample means he determined to prepare accommo-
MAPLE WOOD HOTEL.
Bethlehem, N.H.
dations where others could have the comforts of home without the ex-
pense of fitting up an establishment of their own.
A valuable farm of five hundred acres was purchased, and thoroughly
stocked with improved breeds of horses, cows, and sheep, and large num-
bers of poultry of the most approved kinds; while the house was enlarged
and placed in perfect repair, bowling and billiard saloons erected, and
other games and amusements improvised for the entertainment of guests.
The farm was placed under the charge of a competent person, for whom
a commodious farm-house, barns, dairies, stables, and extensive out-build-
ings, were erected. From this farm guests are daily supplied, during the
summer, with the very best of every thing fresh from the fields. Green

º
º

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 59
corn, pease, beans, and garden-Sauce, growing at one hour, are bounti-
fully served upon the table the next. Fresh cream, butter, and eggs, of
home production, are furnished, not at fabulous hotel-prices, but at fair
and reasonable rates. The verandas at the Maplewood are shaded; and
the grounds are ornamented by a fine growth of sugar-maple, forming
delightful play-grounds for children, and a cool and cleanly out-of-doors
resort for adults. One of the finest and most picturesque views of Mount
Washington, and others of the White-Mountain group, is from the ve-
randa of this house ; while the vicinity abounds in delightful drives.
The admirable drainage, secured at great expense, renders this a health-
ful and desirable summer residence. It is supplied with never-failing
spring water, and is but one and one-fourth miles from the depot.
From the station at Bethlehem the train continues along the bank of
the Ammonoosuc to the Twin Mountain House and to the Fabyan
House, at the base of Mount Washington. The Twin Mountain
House until the present season was the terminus of the railroad. It
has been extensively patronized, and will be pleasantly remembered by
its patrons, as a most free and social summer home.
The buildings of this extensive summer resort were erected and fur-
mished new in 1869–70, on a spot long occupied as a hotel, and popular
with the public. The vicinity not only commands fine and varied views
of the White and Franconia Mountains, but has better facilities for
water amusements than any hotel of the mountain region. The house
stands high on a commanding bluff, which Overlooks the Ammonoosuc.
So near its head, this stream is not usually suitable for boating; but
here it is held by a dam, thus affording an admirable opportunity for that
healthful and fascinating amusement. The water is fringed with trees
of most delicate foliage, among which guests have constructed rural
seats and arbors. This is a romantic spot, where lovers and those
socially inclined do love to congregate. The forests about the “Twin
Mountain ’’ are very charming, and the shrubs and ferns fresh and
varied. But the chief and practical excellence of this locality is in the
entire absence of hay-fever, that disagreeable disease indigenous to so
large a portion of the country. The following extract from “The New
York Ledger” is from the pen of the Rev. Henry Ward Beecher, who
has long been afflicted with this distressing malady, and who now spends
his summer and autumn months at this health-giving place: “Mean-
while another year warrants me in saying that a resort hither is almost
certain relief; not one per cent of patients failing to obtain essential if
not entire relief. We can go out into the sun, stand in mud morning
and evening, and in spite of dust, rain, or chill, we are well.
From the Twin Mountain House, the route continues to the Fabyan
IIouse, the terminus of the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad; from
sº
- i | * sº -
*" |
Engraved expressly for “Bachelder's Popular Resorts, and ſlow to Reach Them.”
I. White Mountain Range. FABYAN HOUSE, 3. Ammonoosuc River.
2. Mount Washington Turnpike. 4. ** Notch."

PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 61
which point stages convey tourists six miles, to the Mount Washington
Railway, by which they are taken to the summit the same evening.
Carriages will also be found in waiting, to take passengers from every
train to the Crawford House five miles distant, White Mountain Notch,
and other points of attraction in that neighborhood, described under
the head of Pleasure Route No. 5.”
The stage-ride from the Crawford and Fabyan Houses to the Mount
Washington Railway Station is one of the most exciting features of
mountain travel.
- $º * The falls
of the Am-
In Olloosuc.
are passed
by the way
side, and
a re well
w U 1 Lll a
visit. Here
the rocks
have been
worn by
the action
of the wa-
* ter into a
: thousand
, fantastic
forms.The
road leads
---- through a
Vº V primeval
for est :
luxuriant wines laden with fruit and berries spring from the virgin soil,
often tempting the visitor from the carriage. We occasionally catch a
glimpse of the grand old mountain, as it raises its granite head above
the clouds. The ascent of Mount Washington was once a feat of rare
occurrence, accomplished only by the daring hunter or adventurous trav-
eller; but the industry and perseverance of man have smoothed the way;
and the route has been made easy, safe, and pleasant.
To accompany an aeronaut, to look out upon the surrounding world,
has been the desire of many, though enjoyed by few. Here the “iron
horse,” guided by the hand of genius, climbs triumphantly to the dizzy
height of 6,285 feet, more than a mile in the air, where the “storm-
king,” riding on the wings of the whirlwind, have hitherto reigned su-
AMMONOOSUC FALLS.

62 PopUIAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
preme; and yet all this is done in absolute safety, and with as much
ease as the same distance could be accomplished over any road in the
country.
The ascent should be made the subject of some preparation. To at-
tempt it improperly clothed would risk the pleasure of the excursion. You
may not meet a snow storm, or find icicles hanging from the roof in the
morning; but you are liable to any month in the year. Ladies, particularly,
should not relie upon a shawl alone for protection, but add a full suit of
winter extra under-clothing. You will find the house on the summit
heated by steam, and a cheerful fire in the grate; but you should not,
for want of proper clothing, lose the opportunity for out-of-door pleasures.
cending and descending
are supremely grand. To
stand upon the summit of Mount
Washington is the one desire of
overy visitor to the mountain
region. Here, from the highest
point on the Atlantic slope, he
can look down upon this vast
panorama of hills and valleys,
cities and plains, dotted with a thousand silvery lakes blended into one
harmonious whole. Without putting foot upon the ground, he is lifted
step by step up this rugged steep, to the very doors of the Hotel, which,
bound with chains to the barren cliff, has been built and furnished to
receive him. -
The Mount Washington Summit House accommodates con-
veniently one hundred and seventy-five guests, though more than two
hundred have been entertained. Several thousand persons visited it dur-
ing the past season. Its appointments are very complete. Lighted by
gas, and heated by steam, with all modern improvements, a liberal
table, and good attendance, the visitor can be made comfortable for any
length of time. Stages run from the railroad depot to all the prominent
houses, enabling tourists to return by any route they choose.


POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 63
PLEASU FE FOUTE NO. 2.
Boston and Vicinity to the Summer Resorts of Northern
Vermont, Lake Memphremagog, Montreal, and Quebec.
PASSUMPSIC AND SOUTH-EASTERN RAILROADS.
Tourists go by Pleasure Route No. 1, by Lowell or Lawrence, Man-
chester, Concord, Plymouth (twenty minutes for dinner), to Wells River
Junction. A short distance south from Wells River, at Newbury
Station, the visitor will find Newbury Sulphur Springs. They
are located near the village, and are a favorite resort of invalids and
travellers, being well recommended by the medical faculty.
The village, which is rurally pleasant, commands a fine view of the
Connecticut River, and the rugged hills of New Hampshire beyond.
Mount Pulaski is near at hand, and the whole surface is charmingly diver-
sified. If from this point we continue up the river by the “Passumpsic”
due north, along a route rich in landscape beauties, passing en route the
thriving village of St. Johnsbury, after an hour's ride we reach the quiet
station of West Burke, from whence by stage a half dozen miles, we are
taken to Willoughby Lake, which, although inferior in size to many
lakes in New England, has no superior in picturesque variety and
beauty. It is favorably known to the travelling public as a summer
resort, and is situated between two high mountains, Annamance (Wil-
loughby) and Hor, which rise abruptly from its shores. The water is of
remarkable depth : Over six hundred feet sounding has failed to find
bottom. Willoughby Lake is six miles long, and about two in width.
A pleasure-drive has been constructed along the east side. There are
many points of rare interest in the neighborhood, among which are
Mount Annamance, Mount Hor, Silver Cascade, Point of Rocks, &c.
Mount Annanance, or Willoughly as it is generally called, thirty-
eight hundred feet high, derives its name from that of an Indian chief
of the St. Francis tribe, who here made his home. This elevation is
generally visited on foot, the path leading up through a beautiful forest
with occasional glimpses of the lake, whose quiet waters lave the rocks
below. It is not, however, until the summit is reached that the visitor
realizes the richness of the scene about to be spread out before him. A
fine panoramic view, embracing the Connecticut Valley, the Franconia
and White Mountains of New Hampshire, the nearer peaks of Mansfield,
Camel's Hump, Killington, and Jay; Owl's Head in Canada, and the
Adirondacks of New York, in the distance; while near at hand the
beautiful waters of Willoughby Lake, and the bold outline of Mount
Hor which rises beyond, -serve to form one of the most effective
Scenes in New England.
64 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
CANADA AND THE PROVINCES.
Lake Memphremagog is the connecting link between the summer
resorts of New England and Canada, more than half its surface being
in the latter country. It is the next point of interest after leaving West
Burk Station. It is an unusually pleasing sheet of water, about thirty
miles long, hemmed in by bold, rugged mountains, traversed by pleasure-
boats, from whose decks, as they steam along its quiet surface, rich views
of the surrounding Scenery may be had. The lake varies from two to
four miles in width, its bold shores and numerous islands contributing
wonderfully to the interest of the scene. The village of Newport, Vt.,
located at the southern extremity, is already an inland watering-place
of considerable repute, and its fine summer houses are rapidly increas-
ing in fame and popularity.
Bolton Springs in Canada, fourteen miles distant ; Clyde River Falls,
two miles; Mount Morrill, two miles; Bear Mountain, seven miles, and
Prospect Hill, close at hand, - these are among the points of interest near
Newport. From Prospect Hill a charming view is presented, not only
of the lake and mountains near by ; but Mount Annamance, Jay Peak,
Orford, Elephantis, and Owl's Head, are all visible, and, with the lake
and its picturesque islands, combine to form an exceedingly interesting
landscape.
Owl's Head, Canada, a conical peak of singular formation, having
an altitude of nearly three thousand feet, rises from the west shore of
Lake Memphremagog. Steamers en route from Newport to Magog make
a landing at its base. The ascent is made from the Mountain House,
a half-mile distant, by a footpath. The view from its summit is unusu-
ally fine, and well repays the hard climb to secure it. Round Island,
Minnow Island, and Skinner’s Island, with its cave of legendary fame,
are among the local attractions.
Mount Elephantis guards the western shores of Lake Memphre-
magog. It is not visited as much as Owl's Head; but its attractions
are enhanced by a sparkling lake, two miles in length, far up its side,
which is noted alike for the crystal purity of its waters, and the abund-
ance of trout it contains. *
Mount Orford is one of the attractions of the village of Magog. It
is reached by a pleasant drive, and a carriage-road extends to its sum-
mit. It is the highest peak in the vicinity, and commands a fine pros-
pect. The village of Magog is also visited daily by stage, sixteen miles
from Sherbrooke on the Grand Trunk Railway.
& POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 65
Pinnacle Mountain and Lake are about ten miles from Stanstead,
but have not yet attained great popularity. The mountain is the most
singular feature, rising with great precipitousness from the lake below.
Lake Massawippi, on the line of the Passumpsic Railroad, affords
rare sport for the fisherman. It is only about a mile and a half in
width, yet extends for nine miles. It is overlooked by Blackberry Moun-
tain, which rises from its eastern shore.
Lachine Rapids are among the most thrillingly fascinating attrac-
tions in the vicinity of Montreal; a visit to which is usually made by the
cars, and the return by steamer.
“The Lachine Rapids are visited by taking the seven, A.M., train (at
the Bonaventure Station) to Lachine, where a steamer is in waiting, by
which the tourist returns through the rapids to Montreal, arriving about
nine, A.M. After taking a pilot from the Indian village of Caughnawaga,
the steamer passes out. Suddenly a scene of wild grandeur breaks upon
the eye : waves are lashed into spray and into breakers of a thousand
forms, by the submerged rocks which they are dashed against in the head-
long impetuosity of the river. Whirlpools, a storm-lashed sea, the chasm
below Niagara, all mingle their sublimity in a single rapid ; now pass-
ing with lightning speed within a few yards of rocks, which, did your
vessel but touch them, would reduce her to an utter wreck before the
crash could sound upon the ear. Did she even diverge in the least from.
her course, if her head were not kept straight with the course of the
rapid, she would be instantly submerged and rolled over and over.
Before us is an absolute precipice of waters: on every side of it are
breakers, like dense avalanches thrown high into the air.
“Ere we can take a glance at the scene, the boat descends the wall of
waves and foam like a bird, and in a second afterwards you are floating
on the calm, unruffled bosom of ‘below the rapids.’”
The Falls of The Shawanegan are visited from the city of Three
Ičivers, usually in canoes. Notwithstanding the magnitude and grandeur
of these attractions, the difficulty of reaching them has detracted mate-
rially from their popularity.
They are on the St. Maurice River, thirty miles above the city of
Three Rivers.
The towering rocks which set their bounds rise on either side,
between which the stream makes a fearful plunge of one hundred and
fifty feet.
66 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
PLEASURE FOUTE No. 3.
Boston, Lowell, Lawrence, Lynn, Salem, Newburyport,
DOver, and Portsmouth, to Portland and the East, Lake
Winnepesaukee, North Conway, and the White Mountains.
§ EASTERN RAI I, IR () AD.
THE Eastern Railroad, aside from leading directly to the popular
watering places in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Maine, and being
the through line to Bangor, St. John, and the Provinces, is also one of
the principal routes of approach to Lake Winnepesaukee and North Con-
way; and, in its intersection with the “Portland and Ogdensburg,” to the
White Mountains proper, through the picturesque valley of the Saco, and
the famous White Mountain Notch.
Of the four depots in the northern section of the city of Boston, the
“Eastern '’ holds a central position, and is in the immediate proximity
of each. It is also connected with those of the southern portion of the
city by horse-railways, rendering it easy of access for strangers. This
road extends from Boston to Portland, and Boston to North Conway,
with a lju ailcſi tu Wolfboro’. There arc also several other branches;
viz., Saugus, Swampscott, Marblehead, Salem and Lawrence, South
Reading, Gloucester, Essex and Amesbury, and Portsmouth and Dover.
No route in New England possesses more varied charms for the tourist
and pleasure-seeker.
Twenty-eight seashore-resorts are reached by the Eastern Railroad
and its branches; the more prominent of which are Chelsea, or Revere,
Nahant, Swampscott, Marblehead, Lowell Island, Gloucester, Rockport,
Pigeon Cove, Plumb Island, Salisbury, Hampton or Boar’s Head, Little
Boar’s Head, Rye, Isles of Shoals, Kittery, York, Wells, Cape Arundel,
Old Orchard, Mount Desert, and all others in Maine. Most of these are
directly on the main line of this road, and all in close proximity to it.
Chelsea, Mass., was one of Starr King’s favorite spots for sight-
seeing. “Powder-horn Hill,” with its remarkable pictures extending
over a circle of miles, was a special object of frequent visits with the
scholarly and enthusiastic young preacher, the rising or the setting of the
sun being his chosen times for studying its wonderful beauties. The name
has been arbitrarily altered to “The Highlands,” which is more preten-
tious, certainly; but old names, after all, cling closest to historic associa-
tions. The “Eastern Railroad'' and horse-cars pass through the city.
Chelsea Beach (Revere) is no part of Chelsea proper: it possesses many
points of interest, and its proximity to Boston makes it a place of great
resort in the hot months. A line of horse-cars connects it with Boston.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. § 67
Nahant, Mass., is among the mature celebrities of the New-Eng-
land coast. It is one of those rare combinations of natural and remark-
able beauties which assert their superiority without the need of art or
special praise. Yet Nahant is a lesson. It teaches the fickleness of
human fancy, and the uncertainty of popular favor. If this really
charming spot were only located a hundred or more miles from the lead-
ing marts of New-England trade, it would scarce find a rival in fashion-
able and public approval. It is too near Boston and other cities, too
easy of access, and too comfortable generally, to attract the great multi-
tude, who prove that “ distance lends enchantment to the view º' of a
summer trip and life, by seeking remote and out-of-the-way places in
preference. Yet Nahant is so delightfully located, so varied in its scenery
and surroundings, so dotted with wonderful curiosities of nature, so
graced with romantic and ever-varying specialties, and so readily reached,
that the number of its summer residents and brief visitors will ever be
very large. It was the chief resort of the wealthy and the gay only a
few years since; but the worshippers of fashion now travel to other
shrines.
Lynn, Mass., is a busy and thriving city, famed as the leading shoe-
manufacturing place on the continent. A lofty and commanding emi-
nence called High Rock, from which a singularly picturesque view is
obtained, is the chief point of attraction to the traveller. Swampscott
and Nahant, popular resorts, are contiguous. Trains on the Eastern
Railroad, and horse-cars from Boston, pass through the city.
Swampscott, adjoining Lynn, is a favorite with the wealthy classes
of Boston and neighboring cities, and has numerous costly and elaborate
summer residences. Its comfortable boarding-houses have attracted
many strangers for a summer's sojourn. The chief industry of the place
is fishing; and a very clever addition to the season’s profits is made by
letting rooms and dwellings during the summer months.
Gloucester, Mass., is the great centre of the New England fishing
interests. Thousands of her hardy population pursue their perilous
avocation at all seasons of the year, and upon all the great fishing-
grounds, especially upon the Banks of Newfoundland. No season passes
without its sad tragedies among the vast fleet which leaves the harbor of
Gloucester. The sources of pleasure and of cultivated intercourse
located around Gloucester are worthy of an elaborate detail, and are full
of agreeable surprises and rare delights. Great numbers take the cars
of the Eastern Railroad, or boats from Boston direct, in the travelling
SeaSOI).
68 PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM.
Rockport, Mass., was once a part of Gloucester. This place will
not attract a great deal of attention from sight-hunters, although its
extensive granite-quarries will richly repay a visit.
The famous and justly popular resort called Pigeon Cove is close
by Rockport. This and other spots of novel and rare curiosities form a
group of too much interest to be overlooked; and it has long been a fixed
centre for a very large summer attendance. Few places on the New-
England coast afford greater gratifications to visitors.
Newburyport, Plumb Island, and Salisbury Beach possess
a local fame, and receive considerable patronage from the towns adja-
cent, but cannot be recommended to the general public. The bathing
at Plumb Island is treacherous; Salisbury Beach is better, but the
loose sands prevent driving.
The town of Hampton, N.H., has little to distinguish it from
towns of modest pretensions generally; but its beach – Hampton Beach
—is renowned in every quarter. Boar's Head, a bold and commanding
promontory, projecting a quarter of a mile from the mainland directly
into the sea, is the hospitable castle which “lords it tº over the adjacent
beaches. Here the admirer of the murmuring sea can find full scope for
his admiration. The views from this lofty eminence are numberless and
varied. The origin of the name is somewhat shrouded in mystery. Tra-
dition says it was given by fishermen, from the
# similarity of its foam-laved rocks, when lashed by
the fury of the waves, to the enraged boar.
This summer resort has been long and favorably
known. The house stands on the crest of a rocky
promontory, which rises gradually to the height of
eighty feet, against whose jagged base for ages
HOTEL. past the waves in ceaseless roll have dashed their
whitened spray. On either side, stretching for miles away, extend beau-
tiful beaches, whose waters furnish rare facilities for bathing, and whose
hardened sands present a surface for driving not excelled along this coast.
sº ---
---sºwn
Little Boar's Head, North Hampton, N.H., is a connecting link
between Hampton and Rye Beaches. It would be famous but for the
superiority of its great rival, Boar's Head. It is a projection also into
the sea, but of a lesser altitude. These marked spots, adjacent to such
grand beaches as Hampton and Rye, are assured of a constant popularity.
This is a favorite summer resort for families of taste and refinement. At
present there is no hotel, but many excellent boarding-houses.


POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 69
Rye Beach, N.H., half a century ago had an occasional straggling
admirer, or possibly a company from the back country, in the summer
season, to appreciate its beauties, and enjoy its lonely solitude. But it
has since acquired a distinctive fame. At present its popularity is
widely established, and thousands make it their resort for recreation and
rest. It is animated and exhilarating in “the season,” and is able to
maintain its partial preference against all rivals of the coast. It is
abundantly supplied with every source of enjoyment, — city, country, sea,
and fashionable elegances and refinements, and all modes and moods of
life, to suit all tastes.
Portsmouth, N.H., has proved an admirable place from which to
emigrate. It has one of the best harbors, rears the smartest of men and
most charming of women, but the city persists in not growing in popu-
lation. It is a grand centre or starting-point, however, from which to
visit a vast number of famed and delightful spots; and it wears a
thronged and busy air during the hot months. It has, in the Rockingham
House, a first-class hotel, which in all its appointments exhibits an air of
elegance and comfort, and is convenient as a “roost '' for travelling birds.
Frost's Point, near Portsmouth, N.H., is a very pleasant place, and
has a local popularity.
The Isles of Shoals, off Portsmouth Harbor, have risen to wonderful
fame within twenty years. Fifty years ago it was one of the places to
visit, and have a chowder, and was noted for its wild and rugged
features, even in those prosaic days. It is now a fixture in popular
favor, and is visited by multitudes, who make a marked stay there in
summer time. Its chief interest lies in its remoteness from the land,
and its home in the sea. The entire scene is wild, grim, and barren,
excepting the homelike comforts which enterprise and money have Sup-
plied.
We have written of “The Isles of Shoals '' as “it,” although there
are half a dozen islands in the group; but we have always associated the
places with the idea of but one. And old people still call them “Isle of
Shoals;” and this is not far from correct. The eccentric Leighton, who
really laid the foundation for the present great fame of this resort of
pleasure, faithfully believed, that no person coming there, however sick,
could die of disease if the invalid remained. Mr. Leighton, although
living to a good old age, now rests with his fathers.
New Castle is one of the marine suburbs of Portsmouth, three miles
distant. It has a new summer hotel, pleasantly located.
70 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Kittery Point. — This quaint old Maine town, recently rejuvenated
for a summer resort, possesses, in its historic associations, its admirable
location, and its cool, exhilarating atmosphere, many attractions for the
visitor who desires quiet and repose. Its principal hotel—the “Pep-
perell House ’” — occupies an elevated and commanding site, and the
harbor offers unusual facilities for boating and fishing.
The government navy yard is near at hand, Portsmouth is across the
harbor, and the Isles of Shoals in full view but a few miles away. Take
cars on the Eastern Railroad to Portsmouth or Kittery Station.
York Beach, Me., and, beyond that, Bald Head Cliff (a wild,
stern, defiant-fist rock, in almost constant battle with the waves of the
sea), are places of interest, and when better known will command their
share of patronage. The run to these points can be made by stage a
half dozen miles from Portsmouth.
Wells and Old Orchard Beaches can also be reached by this
road; the former by stage, six miles from Wells Station, and the latter,
five miles by stage from Saco. There is little of interest between Saco
and the city of Portland. For a description of the city of Portland and
vicinity, see separate article.
t TO THE INTERIOR.
Leaving such of our friends as we have directed to the numerous
watering-places on the coast to their own amusement, we return to the
“Conway Branch,” to accompany those who desire to see that charming
inland resort, Lake Winnepesaukee, to visit North Conway and the in-
termediate points, or go with us to the White Mountains proper.
The “Conway Branch '' diverges from the main line a few miles east
of the city of Portsmouth, and continues northward past Berwick, Great
Falls, to Conway and North Conway; another road branches from this to
Lake Winnepesaukee, where connection is made by boats to all points
on the lake, and with the Boston, Concord, and Montreal Railroad beyond.
At West Ossipee the stage from Centre Harbor, with tourists that have
crossed Lake Winnepesaukee, from the Boston, Concord, and Montreal,
and Boston and Maine Roads, intersects with this railroad with which its
passengers continue.
Centre Harbor, Wolfboro', and Alton Bay are the three prom-
inent places on Lake Winnepesaukee. The former is mentioned in
Pleasure Route No. 1. Wolfboro’ is pleasantly located on the east shore
of the lake, at the terminus of the Wolfboro’ Branch Railroad, and has
several hotels. Alton Bay is at the lower end of the lake, reached by the
Boston and Maine Railroad and the steamer “Mount Washington.”
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 71
Mount Chocorua, N.H., 3,358 feet high, is most easily reached
from West Ossipee Station. The trip to Chocorua, eight miles distant,
is tedious, but amply repays those physically able to make it. This moun-
tain is more Alpine in its character and outline than any in New Hamp-
shire. The beautiful Chocorua Lake is passed en route, from whose
borders one of the finest views of the mountain may be had. The
surface, from far below its summit, is completely bare of vegetation.
High overhanging rocks seem ready to topple from its craggy peak.
The view from Mount Chocorua is a singular combination of the beau-
tiful and grand. Hundreds of lakelets dot the landscape, increasing in
size to the charming Winnepesaukee, from whose placid bosom spring
myriads of leafy islets; while northward the mountains rise tier above
tier to Washington and the “Presidential Group.” The Ossipee and
Sandwich Mountains are also visited from this place, which is sur-
rounded by picturesque scenery, and must eventually become a popular
resort. Indeed, this entire region, extending from Centre Harbor to
Wolfboro’, embracing the towns on the eastern shore of Lake Winnepe-
saukee, is filled with interesting localities, and is beginning to be annual-
ly frequented by persons looking for the quiet, substantial requirements
of summer life.
Ossipee Lake is usually visited from Bank’s Hotel at this station.
The road to it passes many attractive points; among which may be named
an Indian mound, from which various articles of interest have been ex-
humed, including arrow-heads, impléments of various kinds, and human
bones. The locality also has its historic associations. The remains of
Lovewell's Fort (built by Capt. Lovewell's band in 1725) are still
pointed out. The lake once reached, a feeling of sequestered quietude
reigns. It is less than half a dozen miles long, and the close proximity
of Chocorua and the Ossipee Mountains increase the interest, and add to
the beauty of the scene. Ossipee Falls, in Moultonboro’, within a few
years have received many visitors, and as an auxiliary attraction to other
resorts, are very fine.
Passaconaway Mountain, N.H., 4,200 feet high, is one of those
bold, unfrequented peaks lying west from Conway; and north-east of
Whiteface of the Sandwich Mountains. At present it is but little known
to tourists, and will only be visited by the adventurous spirit desirous of
studying Nature in her primeval state. This mountain bears the name
of a famous Indian Sachem of the Pennacooks, a warlike tribe whose ter-
ritory embraced this region at the time of its discovery by the English.
Go by the West Ossipee and Centre Harbor stage to Sandwich, from West
Ossipee to Centre Harbor.
72 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Whiteface Mountain, N.H., 4,100 feet high, is the most noted of
the group known as the Sandwich Mountains. The number of visitors
has increased within a few years. The fine prospect from its summit is
said to amply repay the arduous climb to secure it. The view of Lake
Winnepesaukee is particularly fine. Stages between Centre Harbor and
West Ossipee which connect with the lake boats pass through Sandwich,
intersecting the railroad at West Ossipee, for North Conway and the
White Mountains. This whole country in this neighborhood is exceed-
ingly fine.
North Conway is a pleasant little village located upon the banks
of the Saco River, and is the central feature of the charming Saco
valley.
There are several fine hotéls, ranging from the first class to the com-
fortable country inn; indeed, nearly every house is a boarding-house.
The inhabitants are largely migratory, going and coming with the birds,
and through the hot months of summer resting in the shades of
Conway's famous elms, sauntering along her sparkling streams, or
climbing her rugged mountains. North Conway has one noted moun-
tain, –
Pequawket, or Kiarsarge, as frequently called, though by this name
it is confounded with Mount Kearsarge, in the western part of the State.
Mount Pequawket is three miles from the village, has a good bridle-
path; and a public house on the summit furnishes refreshments or lodg-
ings for those who desire.
Diana's Baths, Hart's Ledges, Echo Lake, and Artist's Falls are among
the attractions of the place.
At North Conway the Eastern Railroad intersects the Portland and
Ogdensburg Railroad, by which tourists continue to the Crawford House,
White Mountain Notch, or by stage to the Glen House on the eastern
side of the mountains.
The stage line to the Glen House is still in operation, and many prefer
this route of approach. Goodrich Falls are passed en route; and it also
leads through “Pinkham Notch,” one of the natural thoroughfares to
the mountains.
Glen Ellis Falls are among the most attractive in New Hampshire.
They are in the woods at the right of the road, six miles before reaching
the Glen House. Crystal Cascade, of equal height, is at the left, a mile
farther on. Thompson’s Falls are still nearer the house.
(For continued description to the mountains, see Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad.)
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 73
PLEASU FE FROUTE N O. A.
Boston, Lowell, Lawrence, Haverhill, and Dover, to Lake
Winnepesaukee, Wells, Cape Arundel, and Old Orchard
Beaches, Portland, Mount Desert, North Conway, and the
White Mountains.
BOSTON AND MAIN E RAILROAD.
WHILE the Eastern Railroad has run along the coast, distributing tour-
ists at the various seaside resorts east of Portsmouth, the Boston and
Maine, whose depot in Boston is in Haymarket Square, at the head of
Washington Street, has kept inland, passing through several cities and
villages to Dover, whence a “Branch '' leads up the Cocheco Valley to
Lake Winnepesaukee, which is crossed thirty miles by steamer to Wolf-
boro’ and Centre Harbor, and thence by stage and rail to North Conway,
continuing to the White Mountains over the line of the Portland and
Ogdensburg Railroad, to which description the reader is referred for a
continuation of the route.
Returning to Dover, the road soon leads gradually towards the coast,
which it touches at Wells Beach, an old and well-known summer
watering-place. Coaches at the depot take visitors to the hotels, two
miles distant.
Kennebunk is the next regular station. Three miles away by stage is
Cape Arundel, a new resort just springing into existence. The
beaches here are short, although very good for bathing. Cape Arundel
will be eschewed by the fashionable tourist whose pleasure comes from
“drives” and “hops,” and whirls of excitement; but the lover of rocks
and foaming spray, the student of nature in her wildest moods, should
not pass it by.
Old Orchard Beach is the next point of interest to the tourist.
At no place along the New England coast has nature done so much, or
planned such a magnificent beach, as here. For nine miles the surface is
level and hard, and it has few equals in the country. As much can-
not be said of the hotels. Good fair accommodations are furnished,
nothing more, nor are the prices high. But with such hotels as those at
Newport, Long Branch, or Cape May, Old Orchard might become the
queen Watering-place in the land.
From Old Orchard to Portland there is little to interest the tourist.
From here he may go by steamer to Mount Desert, continue by the Maine
Central Railroad to Rangeley or Moosehead Lakes, to St. John and the
Provinces; or he may go to the White Mountains by the Portland and
Ogdensburg, or Grand Trunk Railways. See description of Portland.
|
|
| º
º
|
|
| |
|
º




Pol’ULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH rii EM. 75
PORTLAND AND VIC INITY.
Portland, the chief city of the State of Maine in point of population
and commerce, is situated at the southerly extremity of Casco Bay, and
contains about thirty-five thousand inhabitants. It is of considerable
importance as a railroad centre, being the terminus of six different roads
converging at that point, and of numerous lines of steamers constantly
plying between Portland and New York, Boston, Eastern Maine, and the
British Provinces, and is the winter port of three lines of European
steamers. Its facilities for communication are excellent; there being
despatched daily eight trains and one steamer to Boston, connecting
there with points farther south and west, besides several trains daily for
Montreal and Quebec, Bangor, St. John, N.B., and Halifax, N.S., weekly;
also tri-weekly steamers for Bangor, Mount Desert, St. John, Halifax,
&c., and steamers four times a week for New York direct.
FALMOUTH HOUSE.
As a pleasure resort, Portland is becoming well known throughout the
country; and the number of visitors to the city and its vicinity is increas-
ing with each summer's return. Not only in lines of communication, but
in hotels and other accommodations, is she particularly fortunate. The
“Falmouth,” “United States,” and “Preble” are the leading houses;
each of these possesses its peculiar merits.
The “Falmouth" is a first-class house in all its appointments: it is
the largest, and is the only hotel in the State that has an elevator, a lux-
ury that the weary traveller can appreciate.
The tourist who concludes to “do” Portland will find rich materials
for his sketch-book and his notations. The vicinity is not only rich in
landscape scenery, but the climate is delightfully cool, the heat of sum-

76 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
mer being tempered by the pleasant sea-breezes from the ocean, three
miles distant, which combine to enhance its charms.
The United States Hotel is centrally located, and has been recently
rejuvenated and put in condition to accommodate guests. It stands on
Market Square, at the junction of Middle and Congress Streets, the
principal thoroughfares of the city.
Portland is built upon a small peninsula jutting into Casco Bay; and
a ridge of land through its centre, sloping on both sides to the water,
affords excellent drainage. At the east and west extremities are high
elevations, known respectively as Munjoy and Bramhall, with fine drive-
ways and promenades, which command grand and extensive views of the
surrounding country. The observatory on Munjoy, which no one should
fail to visit, is provided with a powerful telescope, sweeping the horizon
in every direction, by
aid of which nearly
every summit of the
White Mountain
Range, eighty miles
distant, can be easily
distinguished. The
view from this point
seaward is magnifi-
cent, embracing as
it does the numerous
islands of Casco Bay,
the surrounding
coasts, and an uninterrupted view of old Ocean, extending more than
thirty miles from land, dotted with sails, and flecked with foam. The
shady streets and attractive suburbs invite to charming walks and
drives through their quiet avenues. It is visited yearly by families
and parties who spend their entire summer vacations hereabout, inter-
spersed with short-trip excursions in the harbor, to Mount Desert, Frye-
burg, Sebago Lake, Winnepesaukee, North Conway, or the White
Mountains, all of which are within a few hours of Portland, and of
easy access.
UNITED STATES HOTEL.
Casco Bay, with its fifteen-score of islands, their rocky promon-
tories and pleasant coves, their green fields and forests rivalling in
romantic beauty the archipelagoes of Greece, is much visited during
the pleasure season. The islands nearer the city contain a consider-
able population; and their many good hotels and boarding-houses are
well supported in the summer. Four steamers of good capacity and
accommodations run daily between them and the city, making several

PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 77
trips each way, and are largely patronized. The round trip is made
in from one to two hours, and forms a delightful afternoon’s recreation.
Casco Bay, the musical waters whereof sing sweet songs, even up
to the margin of the discordant city, - Casco Bay seems expressly
formed for the lovers of the romantic, the beautiful, and the wonderful.
Here Nature has nestled the charms of the sea and of the land in almost
every variety, -in miniature continents, rivers, hills, valleys, bluffs,
beaches, wild rocks, soft verdure, fragrant flowers, and birds of richest
WHITE HEAD CLIFF, PORTLAND HARBOR.
plumage and sweetest song. Indeed, the dullest nature is moved with
unwonted stirrings, approaching the poetic; and the man of sensibility
feels a pleasure rarely found, all the more keen that the noisy and dis-
orderly crowd have not yet invaded this undefiled paradise of the sea and
shore.
More extended trips are also daily made which are assuming a
national popularity. Mount Desert, Old Orchard, Cape Arundel and
Wells Beaches, Fryeburg, North Conway, and the White Mountains are
all within a few hour's ride.

'78 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
/
PORTLAND, BANGOR, AND MACHIAS STEAM BOAT COMPANY.
The steamer “Lewiston,” after receiving passengers from the East-
ern, Boston and Maine, Portland and Rochester, Portland and Ogdens-
burg, and Grand Trunk Railroads, and Boston Boats, leaves Portland
from Railroad Wharf every Tuesday and Friday evening, at ten, P.M.,
touching at Rockland at five o’clock the next morning, Castine at seven,
and arriving at Mount Desert at noon. One has but to glance at the map
of Maine to become impressed with its wonderfully serrated coast, its
numerous bays and headlands, Sand and gravelly beaches, rocks, COves,
and outstanding islands, embracing some of the most delightfully rural
resorts in the country. Many of these are passed en route, and the
morning view from the steamer’s deck is enchanting.
Mount Desert is the rising star of Maine’s attractions for the
summer-home seekers. Apart from any little side-shows which may
have been put up in the papers from time to time by shrewd and calcu-
lating capitalists, Mount Desert has gifts that are all its own, and such
as will continue to swell its fame as years progress, and its charms become
revealed. Its area is reckoned at about a hundred square miles ; and it
is, therefore, quite a little world in itself. The island might aptly be
likened to a lot of marbles dropped from a pocket of a giant, provided a
giant's marbles were small mountains. At least, the more notable and
striking portions of the island are made up of a group of mountains
huddled together, of a singularly wild grandeur. Upon one portion there
is a sheer and almost vertical descent of rock, nearly a thousand feet
from the brink to the deep water below ; and the progress of the explorer
is constantly met by changes and surprises of panoramic and kaleid-
oscopic beauty. Much fine soil is found, which is considerably culti-
wated ; but the inhabitants are chiefly absorbed in fish-catching. Portions
of Mount Desert are still primeval in their solitudes ; and Nature yet
prevails in her simplicity and peculiar sovereignty. Hence wild game
may still be hunted ; and sylvan streams are enriched by great numbers
of the gamey trout. The indications within a few years are unmistakable
that Mount Desert will take a rank among the families of the wealthy
and fashionable second to none on the coast, or even on the continent.
As soon as the needed capital decides to invest, and the newspapers open
their trumpet throats to proclaim Mount Desert and “all about it,” the
armies of summer pilgrims will commence the mighty march to grand
and glorious Mount Desert. Go by steamers of the Portland, Bangor,
and Machias Steamboat Company, or by boat from Rockland, connecting
with the Knox and Lincoln Railroad. Good accommodations at South
West Harbor may be had at the Ocean House, and visitors to Bar Harbor
will be well entertained at the Rodick House and others.
PopUI.AR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM. 79
UP THE PEN OBSCOT.
The scenery along the Penobscot is unusually fine. Summer hotels
are springing up; and when this interesting region is fully understood,
through descriptions and illustrations, it must become popular with tour-
ists. In full view are the Megunticook Peaks (altitude 1,355–1,457
feet). They are near the pleasant river village, Camden, and form one
of its attractions. Although of less elevation than many mountain
resorts, they command views of rare landscape interest, combining moun-
tains in the north ; the serpentine windings of the Penobscot, bounded
by cultivated farms and thriving villages; and, south-east and east,
Penobscot Bay with its thousand “sea-girt isles.” Camden is passed
by two lines of steamers, Portland and Bangor, and Sanford's Independ-
ent Line from Boston, both of which touch here
PORTLAND LIGHT.
Near the head of Penobscot Bay, and within twenty-five miles of
Bangor the boats pass Fort Point, a place of much scenic interest,
and famed for its many historic recollections. The ruins of Fort Pownal,
built by the English in 1759, still remain. Near by on the “Point,” a
summer hotel, the Massaumkeag, has been recently erected, which forms
a commanding feature in the landscape, and which, from its cool loca-
tion, fine scenery, and good fishing and boating in the vicinity, is receiv-
ing its full share of patronage.

80 PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
PLEASURE FOUTE NO. 5.
Portland to Sebago Lake, North Conway, and the White
Mountains.
PORTLAND AND OG DENSBURG RAILROAD.
No more attractive route to and from the White Mountains is afforded
to tourists than this from Portland, Me., up the beautiful valleys of the
Presumpscot and Saco Rivers, by the lovely Sebago Lake, and through
the famous intervales of Fryeburg and Conway, and the Wonderful
Crawford or White Mountain Notch to Crawford or Fabyan Houses.
In former days it was considered the most interesting of the many stage-
routes to the mountains; the gradual and distinctly marked transition
from the lowlands of the coast, to the higher and grander elevations of
the mountain region, invests it with untiring interest for the traveller
from the beginning to the end of the journey. The recently constructed
Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad follows almost without deviation the
old and popular stage-route, and without losing the attractions of the old
highway, has opened new scenes of beauty; and, for the short time that it
has been Open to travel, has already acquired an enviable reputation as a
pleasure route, and will, as it becomes better known, have an honored
place in the itinerary of every visitor to the mountains, as the mountain
tour is not complete if the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad is over-
looked, especially that portion of it which passes through the “Notch.”
The many lines of railroad and steamboat conveyance, centring at
Portland from Boston and the South and West, make this city a most
available point from which to commence a mountain trip. Portland, of
itself, possesses many attractions, and is becoming celebrated as a sum-
mer resort. Its fine hotels, beautiful walks and drives in and around
the city, the magnificent views of ocean and inland scenery,to be ob-
tained at various points within the city limits, and its proximity to
many popular resorts of the seashore and country, make it a desirable
stopping place for the pleasure-seeker. But those wishing to avail them-
selves of a ride over the Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad are by no
means obliged to stop over at Portland, unless arriving in the city late at
night; in which case a good night's rest will prepare them to enjoy all
the more heartily the trip from Portland to the mountains. The Port-
land and Ogdensburg trains connect closely with the Eastern and
Boston and Maine Railroads from Boston, and the new through line
from New York direct, vić. Worcester and Nashua, and the Portland
and Rochester Railroad, and also with the fine steamers of the
Portland Steam-Packet Company, which leave Boston every evening
during the summer season ; and arrive in Portland in season to take cars
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 81
for North Conway and the mountains, which will be reached the same
evening; passengers meanwhile enjoying the near approach to the moun-
tains by sunset, the most beautiful hour of the day. The time from
Portland to Crawford or Fabyan’s is but little over three hours; and
parties going by way of Portland from Boston will arrive as early as by
any other route. It will thus be seen, that, while rivalling all others in
attractiveness, this route is as expeditious as any to the mountains.
SEBAGO LAKE,
Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad.
A brief description of some of the more prominent points of interest
will serve to show in a slight degree the pleasure to be enjoyed in a
trip through its charming scenery; and the personal experience of all
who travel this way will relieve us from any charge of exaggeration
or partiality. Sebago Lake is the bright spot in our picture; but we
will not anticipate.
On leaving the station in Portland, the road passes around the western
boundary of the city, along the shore of Fore River, that forms the


82 POPULAR RESORTS, AND IIow. TO REACH THEM.
upper part of the harbor for which Portland is celebrated; and under the
brow of Bramhall, a promenade much resorted to by citizens and visitors
for its superb and extensive views of the country and the White Moun-
tain range, ninety miles distant. It then crosses the old canal basin, and
continues through an open country to Westbrook, five miles from the city.
At this point We strike and cross the Presumpscot River, along the banks
of which beautiful stream the road lies for some seven miles, through
the farming town of Windham; affording many picturesque views of the
river with its numerous water-powers, mostly unimproved, but awaiting
the advent of enterprise, when their energy shall be harnessed to the
wheels of industry, making this one of the busiest as it now is one of
the most powerful of the rivers of New England. Again crossing the
Presumpscot, and passing through a portion of the town of Gorham, we
come to an uncultivated tract with deep cuttings, whose bare walls of
Sand and gravel only serve as a reminder of the labor which was
expended in preparing for our convenience and pleasure; here also, in a
natural depression of the land, nestle the lovely Otter Ponds in calm
and retiring beauty; another moment, and, without any previous intima-
tion of their nearness, the broad waters of Sebago Lake roll at our feet
as we dash out from behind a projecting bank upon the shores of the
lake, taking in at a glance its wide expanse and distant shores with
their outlying hills.
Lake Sebago is fourteen miles long, and eleven miles wide in the
widest part; and its deep waters, noted for their purity, supply the city of
Portland, seventeen miles distant. Through its natural outlet, the Pre-
Sumpscot River, it also furnishes a series of most valuable water-powers
which never fail even in the dryest seasons, nor are subject to disas-
trous freshets. The lake with its appendages forms a navigable water
extending from the Lake Station on the line of the railroad, and at the
southern extremity of Sebago, thirty-four miles, to Harrison at the north-
erly end of Long Pond. This latter sheet of water is connected with
the lake by Songo River, whose narrow and tortuous channel twists and
turns through a course of six miles to overcome a straight distance of
only a mile and a half; a lock near the outlet of Long Pond raises the
steamers and other craft plying upon these waters from the level of the
lower to the upper lake. Two steamers, in summer season, perform
the round trip between Sebago Lake Station and Harrison, starting
from either terminus daily, and connecting each trip with the Portland
, and Ogdensburg trains; and the excursion thus offered is replete with
, charming attractions, and is rapidly increasing in popularity. The trip
to Harrison and return, including landings at Naples, Bridgton, and
North Bridgton, is made in about eight hours; tourists may then go to
, Portland, North Conway, or the Mountains the same evening.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM. 83
Sebago Lake, with its far-reaching landscapes and distant moun-
tain views, the passage through the serpentine windings of the silent
and beautiful Songo, and the fair shores of Long Pond dotted with
pretty hamlets and thriving villages, offer an excursion of varied and
exciting interest, never to be forgotten by the favored ones who partici-
pate in its enjoyment.
After leaving the Lake Station, the railroad skirts the shores for some
three miles, then in almost unbroken tangent strikes across the country
to Steep Falls, twenty-five miles from Portland. At this point we
reach the Saco River, through whose lovely valley the road is laid
until we reach its source at the summit of the mountain pass.
Here, too, the tourist will observe that the land assumes a more hilly
character: the surface which until now had the general undulating fea-
tures common to New England begins to rise in abrupt elevations in-
creasing in height as his journey extends, constantly changing to new
forms of beauty and grandeur, and gradually closing in around him on
either side as if to oppose his farther progress.
From Steep Falls onward an endless succession of enchanting views
gives an untiring interest to the journey. Ever-varying pictures of
many-sided nature, harmonious and complete in all the elements
of beauty, unfold themselves to the delighted gaze of the traveller.
Mountains rising grandly from the plain in gentle slope or more pre-
cipitous inclines give grace and dignity to the landscape; and the pano-
rama, gradually changing from the broad acres of the lowlands to the
narrow valleys of Conway and Bartlett shut in with mountain walls,
finally culminates in the grand and inspiring passage through the won-
derful Crawford Notch of the White Mountains.
Passing through the town of Baldwin, after leaving Steep Falls we
cross the Saco, and enter the town of Hiram; but just before reaching
Hiram Bridge two pictures of the river are obtained in such quick suc-
cession, and at the same time in such wide contrast with each other, as to
vividly impress them upon the memory. After leaving the West Bald-
win station, and crossing the short high trestle known as Breakneck,
you will see on the left through an opening in the woods the Great Falls
of the Saco, white with foam, plunging over a solid ledge a total descent
of seventy-two feet. As if guarding the seclusion of the scene, there rise
on either side high hills thickly wooded from base to summit, whose
deep-tinged foliage and overhanging shade give a sombre character to
the view. It is a picture of wild and solitary beauty, and is viewed
to best advantage from the railroad. When we next see the river,
it is in softer mood. The waters lie seemingly motionless beneath the
shade of gracefully impending branches, its surface flecked with dancing
Sunbeams which have pierced the leafy canopy; and as we obtain a
84 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
glimpse of the stream in perspective, retiring far within the deep and
pleasant shade, it seems the very home of the water-sprites as memory
recalls the fairy tales of childhood. But the picture is fleeting ; and with
regret that we cannot linger, and enjoy its surpassing loveliness, we hurry
on to other scenes; past Hiram and its hilly surroundings, and through
the wide meadows of Brownfield, overlooking which stands Mount
Pleasant, a mountain situated in the town of Denmark. We soon reach
the beautiful village of Fryeburg, whose broad, shady avenues, en-
chanting scenery, and delightful climate, make it a growing rival to the
more celebrated North Conway. . -
Good hotels and boarding-houses are found here; and the peculiar
charms of Fryeburg, with its proximity and ease of access to various
resorts among the mountains, make it a most desirable spot in which to
spend the summer vacation. Before proceeding farther, a short notice
of Mount Pleasant will not be amiss. This mountain standing alone,
and rising in graceful outline to an elevation of nearly three thousand
feet, is reached by a short drive of two or three hours from Fryeburg
or Bridgton. A carriage-road has been laid out to the summit, and
a commodious hotel erected upon the highest point of the mountain,
where visitors are entertained in excellent style. The hotel has been
opened only within two years past, but has been largely patronized;
and Mount Pleasant has already attained a high place in the esti-
mation of pleasure-seekers. Its situation, nearly midway between the
loftier peaks of the White Mountains and the seacoast, renders the out-
look from its summit one of great variety and interest. On the east
side is seen the ocean with its white sails and crested waves, and the
roofs and spires of Portland are also in view. On the west rise the
stately domes of the White Hills from the symmetrical Pequawket, or
Kiarsarge as it is sometimes called, to the towering peak of Mount
Washington. In all directions the valley lies spread out in wide extent,
adorned with lovely lakes and winding streams, and rich in all the
charms of nature.
Leaving the village of Fryeburg upon our right, we shortly cross the
western boundary of Maine, and enter the town of Conway in New
Hampshire. A fine view of the easterly slope of the Rattlesnake Range
is obtained on rounding the curve just out of Fryeburg; and the broad
interval, with its graceful elms, standing singly or in groups of pleasant
shade, forms a beautiful foreground to the picture. On the left, as we
near the station of Centre Conway, is seen the distant Chocorua, its bold,
precipitous ledges sharply outlined against the sky. After leaving Cen-
tre Conway we recross the Saco, and, rounding the Southerly spur of Rat-
tlesnake Range, are quickly arrived at renowned and beautiful North
Conway.
PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM. 85
NORTH CONVVAY, N.H.
When the days begin to lengthen, and the sun runs high in the heavens:
when the short nights fail to cool the
heated streets of a dusty city, and man feels
that he must have respite from the care
and excitements of business; when the
mother rises in the morning unrefreshed,
CONWAY ELMS.





86 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
and the children grow languid for a change; when, finally, the family
council decide that a few weeks' vacation must be spent in the country, -
no place can be found where the cool mountain air blows fresher,
where the crystal streams flow purer, or where Nature wears a lovelier
garb, than at North Conway. Since the early settlement of the country,
the praises of Conway's rich meadows have been sung. To-day her
broad-sweeping elms and luxuriant gardens indicate the strength of their
rich alluvial soil. -
--- º - > Fº
--
º
MT. KIARSARGE FROM NORTH CONWAY.
North Conway has an additional advantage, wholly and peculiarly her
own. She has a mountain, -Mount Kiarsarge, – which forms an admi-
rable objective point for her visitors. It is only two miles distant, and
three more to its summit; yet the prospect from it combines some of
the finest panoramic scenery in New England. A small hotel on its
crest affords refreshments and shelter for those who desire.
The climate of North Conway is free from mists and fogs; and with its
pure air, and dry and invigorating atmosphere, it is one of the most desir-
able points in the whole White Mountains for those who may be seeking
health or pleasure. “And then the sunsets of North Conway! Cole-
ridge asked Mont Blanc if he had “a charm to stay the morning star in
his steep course.’ It is time for some poet to put the question to those
bewitching elm-sprinkled acres that border the Saco, by what sorcery
they evoke, evening after evening, upon the heavens that watch them,
such lavish and Italian bloom. Nay, it is not Italian: for the basis of

PopULAR RESORTS, ANI). How to REACH THEM. 87
its beauty is pure blue; and the skies of Italy are not nearly so clear as
those of New England. One sees more clear sky in eight summer weeks
in Conway, probably, than in the compass of an Italian year.”
North Conway is not only noted for the beauty of its scenery in the
spring and summer months, but later in the season the bright tints of its
autumn foliage make it more lovely than ever; and nowhere can the mag-
nificence of the autumnal forest scenery of New England be seen to better
alvantage than on her hills and mountains.
º ſº Few localities
- º ºº:: are better or
more favorably
inown to the
* “artist world.”
than North Con-
way. The varie-
ty of the scenery
is particularly
noticeable: while
it possesses some
of the broadest
landscape a il d
º mountain views,
it is celebrated
for the beauty
-- - - - - --- and artistic value
pianºs Bºrºs. - " of its choice
“bits.” Although
midsummer is the most fashionable sºason at North Conway, we have
our own opinion that it yields inore pleasure when nature is fresh
and redolent with the sweet breath of spring, or in the later season
when valley and hillside are resplendent with the crimson and gold of
autumn; and the same is true of the entire mountain tour. To be sure,
the chilly nights must be prepared for; and, if properly provided for in
that respect, one need fear no discomfort.
At this point passengers who left Boston by the Eastern or Boston and
Maine Railroads for the White Mountains join our train.
Six miles from North Conway is Glen Station, where stages are in
readiness to convey passengers to Jackson (two miles), or to the Glen
House fourteen miles distant by way of Pinkham Notch, one of the
three great highways which nature itself has hewn through the mountain
wilderness. Six miles beyond we reach Upper Bartlett, shut in on all
sides by high mountains, the situation possessing many elements of
beauty, in some respects resembling North Conway and its surroundings.
-




88 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
The railroad is already built from this point to Frankenstein Cliff,
nine miles distant; with every indication that early in July the entire
trip from Portland to the Crawford and Fabyan Houses will be accom-
plished in the cars.
Leaving Upper Bartlett, the road keeps to the valley for some six
miles, delaying till the last moment the steeper ascent it must soon
commence; and the mountains, in seeming displeasure at this bold at-
tempt to penetrate their hiding-places, draw closer together as if to dis-
pute the passage. But onward we ride into the dark shadows of the
hills, crossing and recrossing the Saco, or leaping torrents rushing from
the mountain side to join the larger stream. Just before reaching Bemis
Station, we cross Nancy’s Brook, of memorable fame. At Bemis we
shall see the old Crawford Homestead with its pretty clearing, and the
residence of Dr. Bemis, built of granite quarried from these hills. From
this place stages will connect temporarily for the Crawford House.
Here begins our ascent of the mountain side ; and we shall reach the
Gate of the Notch, nine miles distant, by a continuous climb of a
hundred feet and more in each mile of the journey. The character of
the scenery does not change materially after leaving Bemis, until near-
ing Frankenstein Cliff, when the most magnificent view in the entire
mountain region rewards our waiting eyes.
Towering high above the beholder, stands Mount Washington in
grander proportions than can be observed at any other point. Spurs of
high mountains ranging from its sides, like strong arms held out
towards us, protect in their rough embrace the valley of the Mount
Washington River, of which we have a splendid view in perspective from
its confluence with the Saco to its source far up the side of Mount
Monroe. This glorious picture which words fail to describe continues
in full view from the road, and is not lost sight of until we have passed
under the precipitous cliff of Frankenstein, continuing our journey up
the side of Willey Mountain. The railroad is most advantageously lo-
cated for viewing the conformation of nature in this remarkable moun-
tain-pass. Built upon the side-hill hundreds of feet above the old
carriage-road, it overlooks the entire valley, and commands an unob-
structed view from mountain-summit to river-bed throughout the six
miles of the “Willey Notch.” The advantage of the open observation
cars is now realized. The lofty battlements of Mount Webster, scarred
and torn by the storms of ages, guard the valley upon the east, a silent
witness to the terrors of the flood which ravaged its fellow guardian
of the west, and, beating down the rugged escarpment of the moun-
tain, prepared the pathway for commerce which we in later days are
utilizing. Across numerous water-courses, and over deep and rocky
gorges, or clinging to the sides of precipitous ledges, we ride, each
PopUI.AR REsorts, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 89
moment revealing to us some new phase of mountain scenery. Just
before emerging from the Notch, the line passes under the brow of
Mount Willard, which stands a stern sentinel at the head of the val-
ley, and overlooks the whole.
From the road at this point
we may look back over the path
by which we have come, and
gaze upon as grand a picture
as the mind can well conceive.
This view is identical with that
from the summit of Mount
Willard, already so celebrated;
and because the prospect is
nearer, enclosed with moun-
tain cliffs on either side, and
light and shade are seen with
hetter effect, giveſ, more plas-
ure than that from the higher
point. We look down into the
basin-like valley with its sides
sweeping upward in graceful
concaves; cascade and water-
fall fumble from the mountain
side; and the Saco like a sil-
ver thread weaves in and out
among the rocks and through
the green tex-
ture of over-
hanging foli.
age; while at
our feet lic
ã, the waters of
101smal Pool,
secluded and
still as if sul-
lenly reluc-
tant to move
into the sun-
light beyond.
Across the valley the sparkling waters of Silver Cascade are seen,
a mere thread of silver. Down from the mountain top it springs near a
thousand feet in successive leaps, a rushing, boiling, foaming mass, till
it joins the waters of the Saco below.























90 PopULAR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM.
Turning to the left, while yet under the shade of Mount Willard we
reach the summit of our ascent, and, bursting through the narrow Gate
of the Notch, are soon at the hospitable doors of the Crawford House.
- - - It is four
-- miles from
= . Crawford's
to the Fab-
, yan House;
and the rail-
road, having
passed the
source of the
Sago in the
In ºtty lake-
let between
The Gate of
the Notch
and the lio-
tel, follows
the valley of
-
-- --> - .. º: º: s - - ºtu…" - -
"sºzº º §swºre the Ammo
*** =
---
noosuc River
WHITE MOUNTAIN NOTCH, for the re-
From the Crawford House. maining dis-
tance. After leaving the Crawford, and before we reach the Fabyan,
another grand view of the Mount Washington Range is had, including
the entire western slope from Clinton to Clay, and the summits of
Washington and Jefferson, the highest elevations of New England. The
completed portion of this division of the Portland and Ogdensburg
Railroad terminates at the doors of the Fabyan House, where connection
is made with the “Boston, Concord, and Montreal; ” and with the
Mount Washington Turnpike and Railway, for the ascent of Mount
Washington; but the road is located from this point through the pleas-
ant towns of Carroll and Whitefield to the Connecticut River, passing
within easy distance of Jefferson Hill, the favorite resort of Starr
King. -
From the Connecticut the line, already mostly built and in operation,
will cross the splendid farming country of Northern Vermont to the
head of Lake Champlain, with branches to Montreal and Burlington.
There are many attractions near the Crawford House, besides those
already named, that will command the attention of the tourist, — Gibbs
Falls, Beecher's Cascades, Mount Willard, Willey House, Sylvan Glade, and
many others.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 91
For the lover of the wild and picturesque, the tourist will find ample
opportunities to gratify his taste by a visit to Gibbs Falls, particularly
if the stream is traced to its source at the base of the mountains. This
locality was examined and the falls sketched by the writer in 1857, and
named for the (then) proprietor of the Crawford House. Beecher's
Falls have been popularized by the interest taken in them by their
noted namesake. '
The “Notch" is the great natural gateway to the White. Mountains
proper. Mounts Webster and Willard form its outstanding pillars. The
scenery is grander than by any other approach. Nowhere can this be
so well realized as from the summit of Mount Willard, which, with its
admirable carriage-way, must always be one of the most popular resorts
in this region. The “Gate of the Notch,” flanked by perpendicular
ledges, is but twenty-four feet wide; through which passes the carriage-
road, and flow the waters of the Saco, which rises a short distance above.
The Crawford House is also the starting-point of the only bridle-path to
Mount Washington, which no person physically able should fail to visit.
The path enters the forest at the house, through which it winds its way
by a rough course to the summit of Mount Clinton; thence continuing by
a rugged pathway over (or around) Mount Pleasant, Mount Franklin,
Mount Monroe, to Mount Washington. The route follows the crest of the
mountains, and affords a combination of the finest views in the region, —
one of the grandest of which embraces that stupendous gulf, Tucker-
man’s Ravine, which falls sheer down a thousand feet. This not only
forms one of the wildest retreats about the mountains, but it generally con-
tains an individual feature of interest, the snow-arch. During the winter
months, the north-west winds completely fill this chasm with Snow, which,
packed by the driving storms of wind and sleet, by the warm rains of
spring and the hot sun of summer, settles to a firm, compact mass. As
the swollen streams pass beneath, the snow is melted. The massive bowl-
ders which fill the valley become the base of so many ice-pillars, which
remain and uphold the enormous snow-arch above. On the 12th of
August, 1857, the writer entered this cavern to the distance of three
hundred feet, and, by estimate, found the snow still twenty-five feet
thick. It all passes away, however, by the last of August or the first of
September. Tuckerman's Ravine can be visited from the Summit or
from the Glen House.
The bridle-path excursion, about nine miles, is frequently made by pe-
destrians. But no one should attempt it without being well shod; and the
sudden accumulation of clouds and mists on the mountains renders an ex-
perienced guide indispensable. The “Crawford ” has always been noted
for its admirable cuisine, and will be found withal one of the most desir-
able houses at the mountains. It is also reached by the Boston, Concord,
and Montreal Railroad, to the Fabyan House, and thence by Crawford
House coach.
92 PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
PLEASURE FOUTE No. 6.
Portland to the White Mountains, Lake Umbagog, and
Rangeley Lakes, Montreal, Quebec, Thousand Islands,
Miagara Falls, and the West.
GRAND TRUNK RAILWAY.
THE Grand Trunk Railway connects in Portland with all roads run-
ning east and west. The approach to the White Mountains from Port-
land and the East by this line presents many points of individual
interest. This is also a favorite route to Lake Umbagog, and the
Rangeley Lakes ; and when properly understood, through description
and illustrations, must prove an excursion of great popularity. In this
connection a few of the more important objects of interest will be
described ; although general illustrations must be deferred to a future
edition. Leaving Portland, the line of the road soon enters he valley
of the Androscoggin, up which it continues surrounded by the beautiful
scenery for which this region is noted.
Bethel, a fine summer resort of local fame, possesses the elements
of popularity, and, when better known, will be sought for its many
attractions. It has much the character of North Conway, and each year
increases in popularity. -
Lake Umbagog is reached by stage twenty-six miles through scenes of
various interests, and, like most of these inland sheets of water, the fish-
ing is good.
Rumford Falls in the hilly town of Rumford, Me., on the Andros-
coggin River, for height, rugged grandeur, and picturesque beauty,
have no superiors in New England. In three rapid and successive leaps
the river makes a quick descent of over one hundred and fifty feet. The
interest in the falls is greatly enhanced by the wildness of the surround-
ings. Reached by the Grand Trunk Railroad to Bryant’s Pond Station,
and thence by stage.
Near the station at Gorham, N.H., are located several mountains of
considerable fame. One of the first points of interest is Mount Hayes,
one of the north-eastern spurs of the White Mountains, an elevation of
twenty-five hundred feet. It rises from the eastern bank of the Andros-
coggin River; and, before the Alpine House was destroyed by fire, a visit
to this mountain was a popular excursion for its guests. A foot-path
leads to the summit where is obtained a fine view of Mount Washington
and neighboring peaks.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 93
Mount Moriah, N.H., having an altitude of forty-seven hundred
feet, rises from the valley of the Androscoggin, near Mount Hayes,
north-east from the White Mountains proper. In a region where moun-
tains were less common, this would be worthy of more attention. A bridle-
path once led to the Summit ; but it is now neglected, and out of repair.
Mount Surprise is another name for one portion of Mount Moriah.
This mountain is generally visited for the fine view of Pinkham Notch
which it affords. It has had less visitors since the destruction of the
Alpine House, but it has always been one of the favorites with tourists
to the mountains. It has a good bridle-path; but, although saddle-horses
can be always obtained, it is much visited on foot. The summit com-
mands a very fine view of the White Mountain group. It is reached
from the Gorham Station of the Grand Trunk Railroad. Visitors to the
Glen House go by stage eight miles from Gorham Station; from thence
a carriage-road extends up Mount Washington.
The Glen is one of the largest summer resorts in the White Moun-
tain region. This fine establishment occupies a most picturesque loca-
tion in the beautiful valley of the Peabody River, within a few rods of
Monnt Washington Summit Carriage-Road (which is one of the best
constructed roads in the country), commanding a fine view, from base to
summit, of Mounts Washington, Jefferson, Adams, and Madison, head
of Tuckerman Ravine, and the Carter Range, — forming one of the finest
panoramas to be obtained in the whole mountain region of New Hamp-
shire. -
Other points of especial interest in the vicinity are Glen Ellis Falls,
Crystal Cascade, &c.
Berlin Falls, N. H. — Whoever shall have made the tour from Gor-
ham to the Rangeley Lakes, and sailed across the charming Umbagog,
where the wild Androscoggin gathers its head-waters preparatory for a
race to the sea, and neglected to visit Berlin Falls, will have missed one
of the most attractive features of that enjoyable excursion. Here,
indeed, for the space of a mile, is one continuous rush and roar of waters,
one wild, foaming cascade. Walls of adamantine rock crowd the
Androscoggin into a narrow space through which it rushes, and in its
mad career falling, tumbling, boiling among the rocks, a mass of glitter-
ing spray. They are but a half-dozen miles distant from Gorham Station.
Dixville Notch, Connecticut Lake, and Stratford Peaks, described
in Pleasure Route No. 1, are also reached by this, which is also one of
the principal thoroughfares to Montreal, Quebec, and the West.
94 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
PLEASU FE FOUTE No. 7.
Portland to Lewiston, Farmington, Rangeley Lakes, Bath,
Augusta, Moosehead Lake, Bangor, St. John, and the
Provinces.
MAINE CENTRAL RAILROAD.
THE Maine Central Railroad is a continuation of the Eastern, and
connects in Portland with the Boston and Maine, Portland and Ogdens-
burg, Portland and Rochester, and Grand Trunk Railroads, and Boston,
Mount Desert, Machias, and Bangor boats.
The Rangeley Lakes are perhaps, at this time, receiving more
attention from tourists than any other section of Maine; not only from
their individual attractions, but from their wild surroundings. The
complete tour, with its boating and portage, possesses just enough
adventure to give romance to the occasion. This remarkable chain of
waters consists of several distinct lakes, connected by narrows and
streams, yet forming one continuous water communication for a distance
of over forty miles. Each has its individual name, but they are collect
ively known as “The Rangeley Lakes.” There are, probably, few
places in the country where trout-fishing can be more successfully enjoyed.
They are generally reached by the Maine Central Railroad to Farmington,
a place of growing popularity as a summer home, and thence thirty-six
miles by stage. You will spend the night at Phillips, seventeen miles
from Farmington, where excellent quarters will be found at the Barden
House; and, rested and refreshed, the traveller will better enjoy the
remainder of the journey. Indeed, so comfortable are the accommo-
dations, so fine the surrounding scenery, and so excellent the speckled-
trout fishing in the neighboring streams, that, in spite of itself,
Phillips is growing rapidly to assume the character of a summer resort,
in every thing save exorbitant prices. Many tourists arrange to spend
several days or weeks here, for rest and recuperation. The proximity of
Mounts Blue, Abraham, and Saddleback not only gives a pleasing variety
to the landscape, but form objective points for short excursions.
Mount Blue, Me., with an altitude of fourthousand feet, is but a few
miles away, and is famed for the wonderfully diversified views its sum-
mit affords. The region is mountainous and picturesque, and is noted
for the pure water of its streams, and for its invigorating atmosphere.
Mount Blue is reached by the Maine Central Railroad to Farmington,
thence by stage to Weld, fifteen miles, or Phillips, eighteen miles; usually
the latter.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 95
º
Saddleback Mountain in altitude is but little lower than Mount
Blue; but, although affording fine views, is not yet so favorably known.
Go by stage from Farmington to Madrid, or from Phillips direct.
Damariscotta Lake, located in Lincoln County, is a resort just
springing into existence. It is twelve miles long by three wide, at its
greatest extremities; although its remarkable irregular shores give great
changes in its apparent size. It is beautifully interspersed with islands:
its coast is divided into sand and gravelly beaches, and rough rock-
bound shores, frequently overhung and shaded by groves of leafy trees,
which form delightful resorts for “picnic grounds.” A summer hotel
has just been erected, and a pleasure steamboat placed on the lake for
the entertainment of guests. Reached by the Knox and Lincoln Rail-
road, from the “Maine Central.”
Moosehead Lake is the largest and most important of the inland
waters of Maine. It is thirty-five miles long, and varies from four to
twelve miles in width. It is somewhat larger than Lake Winnepesaukee,
but falls far behind it in notable characteristics and attractions. It is
nearly surrounded by dense forests, and is much frequented by sports-
men. Deer and moose were formerly plenty, and are now occasionally
met. The special amusement, however, is trout-fishing. Still-fishing
is also good. Moosehead Lake is a resort of increasing attractions.
Mount Kineo is a bold, rugged bluff, rising precipitously from the
east shore of Moosehead Lake, beneath the shadow of which, on a pro-
truding point of land, the Mount Kineo House is situated. This eleva-
tion is easily ascended, and affords fine views of the lake. The village
of Greenville, at the foot of the lake, is reached by several distinct
routes. Take the Maine Central Railroad to Skowhegan, thence by
stage fifty miles; or by stage from Dexter Station, on the same road; or
by rail or steamer to Bangor, thence by the Bangor and Piscataquis Rail-
road to Guilford, and from there by stage twenty-three miles to Green-
ville, where the boats connect with Mount Kineo.
Lakes Chesuncook, twenty miles long by two wide, Caucom-
gomuc, Caucomgomosis, and Allagash, are a chain of lakes on
the head waters of the Penobscot River, beyond the lines of civiliza-
tion, and only interesting to tourists as camping-out fields for sports-
men. They are passed by canoes successively, from Moosehead Lake to
Mattawamkeag or Old Town. A week’s supply of provisions, with
experienced guides, will be required. Mount Katahdin can be visited
en 7°0tute.
96 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Mount Katahdin, 5,385 feet high, is the most elevated mountain
in Maine. Its altitude is but nine hundred feet below Mount Washing-
ton; yet it is seldom visited, and but little known to tourists. It rises
from a dense primitive forest intersected by streams, ponds, and lakes.
The region is without public highways and hotels, and lacks those home-
like conveniences and accommodations necessary for a popular resort;
yet it possesses the very elements desired by the angler and hunter,
and is much frequented by sportsmen.
Mount Katahdin is reached from Bangor to Mattawamkeag, fifty-eight
miles, vić, European, and North-American Railway, thence by stage thirty-
eight miles to Patten, the nearest public conveyance, from which place
guides are necessary.
THE EASTERN PROVINCES.
From Bangor, the tourist bound to the Eastern Provinces—New
Brunswick, Nova Scotia, and Prince Edward’s Island—by rail makes
his first stop in the city of St. John, where there are several fair
hotels, the best being the Victoria. Fredericton, the capital of New
Brunswick, lies some distance above on the River St. John, and is a
Inuell clealue1 aud pleasantcr place. From here the tourist can proceed
to Shediac, and take the steamer for Summerside, Prince Edward's
Island, a charming spot, from whence he can stage it through a beau-
tiful and romantic country to Charlottetown, forty miles distant. The
only watering-place proper of the island is a little village eighteen miles
distant, called Rustico. From Charlottetown steamers can be taken to
Pictou, the centre of the coal region. From there the distance to IIali-
fax is made by rail, passing through Windsor and Truro, two important
towns. Halifax is a quaint old city, with a few fine buildings and many
dingy ones. It is an interesting place, however. Before leaving Pictou
for Halifax, a visit to Sydney and the site of the ancient city of Louis-
burg in Cape Breton would be time and money well spent.
On the return, the tourist would either go by the way of Truro, and
thence to Monckton on the Intercolonial Line through the pleasant
towns of Sackville, Amherst, and Dorchester; or, by taking the Annap-
olis Railway at Windsor Junction, pass through the most delightful por-
tion of the Province, south of the Basin of Minas, and through the
Annapolis valley, the scene of Longfellow’s pathetic poem of “Evan-
geline.” Here are the famous dike marshes extending uninterruptedly
for ten or twelve miles, the remains of ancient orchards, and the stone
chimneys of ancient habitations. From Annapolis the steamer can be
taken to St. John; or stage can be taken for Yarmouth, a large and
important town at the Southern extremity of the Province, from which
port there is regular communication with Boston by steamer.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 97
ILLUSTRATED PLEASURE FROUTE No. 8.
Boston to New Port, R.I., Duxbury, Plymouth, Province-
town, Hyannis, Woods Hole, Nantucket, Oak Bluffs, and
the Coal Towns of South-Eastern Massachusetts.
THE OLD COLONY RAILROAD.
WHo has ever examined the map of Eastern Massachusetts, with its
long arm stretching out into the sea, -the land of the “Pilgrim Fa-
thers,” — without feeling a desire to visit it? From Boston to Narraganset
Bay, the coast is filled with interesting localities, many of them identified
with the early history of the country. The rockbound shores of Cohas-
set are noted for their grand marine views; the beautiful harbor of
Plymouth is surrounded by scenes replete with historic memories; the
barren coast of Cape Cod
is made interesting by the
beautiful summer resorts
which line its borders;
the sail through Vineyard
Sound, “the great high-
way of commerce,” to
Newport, with Falmouth
Heights and the Elizabeth (7
Islands on the right, and K
Martha’s Vineyard with |&\!
Oak Bluffs and Gay Head tº
on the left, is truly de-||
lightful, and cannot fail #1.
to please. ºs
To all these localities|&
the Old Colony Railroad º s.ſºſ ſº
leads. Its branches and Sººse sº
connecting lines of steamers unite all these prominent points of in-
terest with Boston and New York; and its admirable construction and
superior equipment render it one of the most popular summer routes in
the country. The original line extended from Boston to Plymouth
thirty-seven and one-half miles, and from Fall River to Myricks, twelve
miles. It now comprises a line of three hundred miles extending from
Boston, the metropolis of New England, to Newport, R.I., and to all the
principal cities, towns, and villages of South-eastern Massachusetts.
A glance at the map shows the two routes between Boston and New-
port: viz., via Randolph, Stoughton, Easton, Taunton, Dighton, and
Somerset ; and via Brockton, Bridgewater, and Middleboro’, which

98 PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
unite near Fall River; the line to Provincetown, the end of Cape Cod;
that to Woods Hole, the mainland terminus of the Vineyard and Nan-
tucket steamers; the line to “Plymouth Rock,” passing through the
Abingtons, Plympton, and Kingston; the Sea-Shore Line, through
Quincy, Braintree, Weymouth, Hingham, Nantasket, Cohasset, the
Scituates, Marshfield (the home of Webster), and South Duxbury, the
American station of the “French Cable,” to, and intersecting, the
Plymouth Line at Kingston ; also the suburban Branches, “Shawmut,”
“Milton,” and “Granite.”
BOAT-HOUSE LANDING, NEWPORT R.I.
No more beautiful summer routes can be selected for a day trip
from the metropolis, than from these shore lines. Notwithstanding this
was the earliest settled portion of New England, considerable sections of
it still exhibit a primitive wildness. The following are among the noted
summer resorts reached by the Old Colony Railroad : —
Wollaston Heights, in the northerly portion of the old town of
Quincy, is situated upon a beautiful eminence overlooking Boston
Harbor and the surrounding country. Good hotel accommodations.
Hingham. – This ancient town is a favorite resort for summer resi-
dents, is situated but seventeen miles from Boston, upon the southerly
shores of Boston Bay, has many agreeable attractions, both for the tourist
and the temporary resident.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 99
Nantasket Beach is rapidly rising into popularity, although more
of a local than a general character. The beach is long, and just like all
the sandy frills of our Atlantic coast. The surface is hard, and admir-
ably adapted to driving or bathing. It is but eighteen miles from Boston.
Eleven light-houses can be seen from the shore; and it may well be pro-
nounced one of the most delightful watering-places in the country. .
Sailing and fishing are without limit; and tens of thousands flock to
enjoy the varied beauties of the scene, and the soothing temperature of
the coast and sea air, daily, when the heated term is in full power.
Cohasset, which was sliced from Hingham, is a glorious spot for all
lovers of the moody sea. Here are cliffy rocks enough, with a broken
sea-margin, to insure a turbulent Ocean even in a comparative calm;
and, when old Neptune is in one of his fiery moods, the scenery around
the shores of Cohasset rises to a degree of sublimity and grandeur that
surpasses description. The wild, picturesque beauties of Cohasset rocks
form an admirable subject for the artist's pencil; and here the lover of
the beauties of nature delights to linger. Marshfield, the home of
Webster, will also attract attention. Duxbury is thirty-nine miles from
Boston. A walk to Captain's Hill, where a monument is being erected to
the memory of Miles Standish, forms a pleasant objective point.
Plymouth. — Although the road to Plymouth passes through several
thriving and interesting villages, the chief object of the tourist will be
a visit to Plymouth itself, -a visit which cannot fail to interest him;
and fortunately for his enjoyment, whether his sojourn is for a day or a
week, he will find, at the Samoset and Clifford Houses, accommodations
which will render his stay agreeable. Plymouth has a world-wide fame.
If the orations delivered in honor of “The Pilgrim Fathers” were all
printed in one book, it would make a volume fearful to encounter; for
those famous “Pilgrims” landed there, as is generally known. Plymouth
is a wholesome, steady, well-to-do town, with nothing remarkable about
it except its historic notoriety. And yet the pleasure-seeker can find
enough here to busy his hands. There is fair shooting at “the Point,”
some nine miles down the harbor; and sea and pond fishing are abundant.
But the harbor is not good for commerce; and the place will depend
chiefly upon the direction in which its capital is utilized. At one period
Plymouth was of considerable maritime importance. It is but thirty-
seven miles from Boston, and is reached in a little more than an hour's
ride. The town is well laid out, and pleasantly located, on ground sloping
to the water. Burial Hill, above, commands a fine view of the harbor.
Pilgrim Hall, with its many curious relics; Plymouth Rock, Cole's Hill,
and Clark’s Island (where the Pilgrims “rested on Sunday, Dec. 10,
:
:
:
100 PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM.
-
1620," before landing at Plymouth on the 20th), are all interesting places
to visit. The vicinity of Plymouth, with its fresh-water lakes and fine
drives, also presents objects of interest.
Scituate is really a very pleasant place, and has many agreeable
attractions both for the tourist and the temporary resident.
The Cape Cod Division of the Old Colony Railroad extends to Prov-
incetown, the extreme point of Cape Cod, one hundred and twenty miles
distant from Boston. The fine harbor at Provincetown presents a refuge
for the storm-driven mariner. The place is inhabited largely by sea-
faring men; and its thrifty appearance is a fine illustration of what an
enterprising community can drag from the sea. It is built on and sur-
rounded by sand-hills; and the earth of its gardens, so green and beauti-
ful, is mostly brought from the mainland. Branches lead from this road,
from Cohasset Narrows to Woods Hole, and from Yarmouth to Hyannis,
which was the terminus of the road before it was extended to Province-
town. -
Hyannis is a pleasant village, and, next to Provincetown, the
largest place on the Cape. It is prettily laid out, and ornamented by
shade-trees. The inhabitants are engaged in a sea-faring life; and many
retired sea-captains and merchants have made this their home. The rail-
road leads through the village a mile to the sea, where a fine wharf has
been constructed. A growing seaside village, a short distance to the
west, overlooks the harbor to Vineyard Sound and Martha's Vineyard
beyond. A land company has erected a new hotel, for the accommoda-
tion of summer guests; and many fine cottages have already been built,
and others are in course of construction. The serrated coast from Hyan-
nis to Woods Hole is alternated with fine beaches, summer resorts, and
wild lands, where the sportsman and fisherman delight to roam.

PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 101
The name of “Cape Cod” is synonymous in most minds with sand,
sea, and codfish. For the delicate and sensitive devotees of fashion
these words have no charm; but, for the more hardy seekers for novelty
and pleasure, they indicate shooting, fishing, and pure air. The charac-
teristics of Cape Cod, although having a likeness to the whole coast
family of attractions, are, after all, peculiar to itself. It is not an island;
and yetitis as really in the arms of the Atlantic as though it were alone in
its waters. To be on the shores of “Cape Cod” is to have the alternating
humors of the ocean, as much as though it were Nantucket. Of course,
Cape Cod is not a town nor a city nor an island; for it is “Cape
Cod,” and embraces towns, villages, islands, beaches, headlands, rocks,
reefs, sand, salt, plover, ducks, coots, and codfish. It is of varied pleas-
ures, found in numerous and peculiar places.
TROUT POND.
There is Cotuit Port, for example, nestled on high land, and in a
charming location, almost romantic. It is also the rural home of many
families of taste. Few summer resorts surpass it. It is reached by
the Old Colony Railroad and connecting stages.
Falmouth Heights, a rising place, with rare attractions, now in
process of development by a company of capitalists. It is a delightful
location, and commands a fine view of Vineyard Sound. The prospect
opens to the south; the ground is high, falling gently from a wooded
crest to the bluff, which drops thirty feet to the beach below. Serpentine
walks and drives permeate the groves of oak, in which cottages are pleas-
antly placed. A grand ocean avenue leads for miles along bluff and
through the groves to the point of starting. A commodious hotel is open

102 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM.
to guests in summer. The railroad which leads to Falmouth Heights and
Woods Hole branches from the main road at Cohasset Narrows. This
locality abounds in fine landscape and marine views; and summer resi-
dences will soon dot the scene.
Woods Hole is a picturesque hamlet of a hundred buildings, located
on a promontory, on the extreme southern point of the peninsula which
forms Barnstable County. The harbor is small, but affords good anchor-
age, and is well protected by outlying headlands and islands. This is
the terminus of the road in this direction, and is the nearest point of
railroad connection to Martha's Vineyard.
NANTI Ick Fºl wharf. — THE
ARRIVAL.
Thirty miles out at sea is
a tufted sand-bank fifteen
miles long: on it is the quaint-
est and most old-fashioned
town in the Commonwealth. The zeal and energy of its hardy seamen,




POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 103
who pursued the whale in its arctic home, made Nantucket in earlier
times familiar to the British Parliament. Nantucket is now coming to
the front as a watering-place. The facilities for the rugged sports of the
seaside which it offers, its bracing and genial air, the many attractions
that surround it, the absence of fogs, and the home amusements presented,
the easy sail of two hours, – all commend Nantucket to parties in search
of out-door excitement and healthy recreation.
The town is specially commended to invalids who seek quiet and
repose. Visitors can take their breakfast at the White Mountains, and
sleep in Nantucket; men of business can reach New York or the White
Mountains as easily as from Boston. The connections are swift and
sure for travel east, west, north, or south. The town is peculiar for its
quaint customs. Lectures, meetings, and arrivalsº are announced as of
old by the bellman. Carts take the place of coaches, in which passengers
stand. Young ladies invite their friends to a ride, back up a one-horse
cart to the door, mount by means of a chair, and drivo off with as much
sang-froid as a fashionable city lady would enter the park in her phaeton.
Nantucket is full of surprises, and has many attractions. Its hotels
and boarding-houses are ample: its athenaeum, library, marine curiosi-
ties, its ancient houses of 1686, and the residence of the last of the In-
dians, are full of historic interest.
Oak Bluffs as a summer resort is an immense success, and its
magical growth has fairly earned for it the appellation of the Cottage City
of America. The sail from Woods Hole in the elegant steamers that
ply between that place and the Vineyard and Nantucket, in connection
with the Old Colony Railroad, is simply delightful. Buzzard’s Bay is
studded with beauty and with places of rare interest. The entire fleet
plying between New York and the coast passes in view of the prominent
hotels, often bringing into view a thousand sail.
This city of cottages has concrete drives, horse-railroads, a trotting-
course, and all modern improvements. The great “Vineyard Camp-
Meeting Association" holds its annual gatherings in the beautiful “Wes-
leyan Grove,” adjacent to the place. Fully fifteen thousand visitors have
been upon the island at one time. Hotels and boarding-places are num-
bered by scores.
. A narrow-gauge steam-railroad connects Oak Bluffs with Edgartown,
and with Katama, the beautiful new watering-resort, about nine miles
southerly from the Bluffs. Katama is situated upon the magnificent bay
of the same name, has a fine hotel, and delightful still-water and Surf
bathing, and attracts many visitors. The direct route to the Vineyard
is via the “Old Colony Line.” Taking the cars at Boston, an hour is
saved over any other route, and all sea-sickness is avoided.
104 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM.
Newport, R.I., is now the fashionable queen of all American watering
resorts, for summer pleasure. With comparatively little of striking or
romantic scenery, it has attractions peculiarly its own. Wealth and
social distinction having approved of this really delightful location, the
summer gatherings are of the gayest and most brilliant description.
In elegance and splendor of outfit; in fame and beauty of its throngs;
in all that invites the curious, the seekers after pleasure, the invalid's
repose, and the glare and extravagance of fashion, — Newport is unri-
valled. Indeed, this ancient and once renowned seat of commerce, after
sinking into semi-oblivion, has been Rip-Van-Winkled into fame
again, and is now in the bloom of a vigorous summer life, though
still inclined to its winter drowse. The location of Fort Adams at
Newport also adds to the attractiveness of the place.
tºº.
NEWPORT, R.I.
Old Colony Steamboat Company's Docks.
From the south, Newport is reached by the Sound Steamers of the
Old Colony Steamboat Company, “Fall River Line;” and from Boston by
the “Old Colony” Road. Steamers also leave Providence for that city,
stopping at all the leading places of interest along the shores of Narra-
ganset Bay.
Perhaps in no particular has greater improvement been made in the
last few years, than in the taste displayed in the construction of steam-
boats and railway cars, thus greatly lessening the fatigue and annoy-
ance of travel." A journey may now be made without losing for a day
the comforts of home. Cars and boats furnished with elegant parlors,
inviting saloons, and luxuriant state-rooms, are now found on all the
principal routes in America.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 105
OLD COLONY STEAMBOAT COMPANY., “FALL RIVER LINE,”
Between New York and Boston, vić, Newport and Fall River.
The Old Colony Steamboat Company may well be said to occupy
the front rank in this improvement; and its boats have no superiors in
the world. Plying between the metropolis of the nation and the most
fashionable watering-place on the continent, their saloons are constantly
patronized by the élite of Society.
Every afternoon long lines of carriages deposit their passengers at the
company’s wharf, PIER 28 (Foot OF MURRAY STREET) North RIVER,
NEw York CITY; and at 5 P.M. in summer, and 4 P.M. in winter, the
signal gun announces the hour of departure, and these magnificent float-
ing palaces, crowded with human freight, glide into the stream. Martial
music, by Hall's Boston Brass Band, enlivens the scene, as the gayly-
dressed steamer majestically threads her way through the noble harbor,
made rich in panoramic scenes by the marine of all nations. The twi-
light deepens as the stately vessel enters the East River, on her way to
the placid waters of Long Island Sound. The scenery becomes beauti-
fied by the enchanting villas that line the shores, the homes of wealth
and beauty; and nought is heard but the exclamations of delight from
the assembled throng, the merry laugh of the promenaders, and the intoxi-
cating strains of the reed and string music which have replaced the brass
band. Thus into the night glides this living freight, — faith, comfort,
and contentment resting in the minds of all.
The fleet of steamers formerly owned by the Narragansett Steamship
Company (now by the “OLD Colony”) comprises the “Bristol,” “Provi-
dence,” “Old Colony,” “Newport,” all of which are well known to the
travelling public. - -
If we had not been warned by the march of improvement in the past,
we should be tempted to believe that steamboat building has reached its
climax in the superb vessels “Bristol’’ and “Providence.”
On crossing the gang-plank the visitor finds himself on a broad deck,
surrounded by richly carved and gilded panelling. The deck itself is
composed of alternate strips of yellow pine and black walnut. In
extreme width, this main deck measures eighty-four feet. Surrounding
that portion of it which we enter from the wharf are the various offices
for tickets, luggage, &c. Large doors in the after bulkhead lead to the
ladies’ saloons and state-rooms, which are appropriately divided for the
use of ladies travelling alone, and for families with children, the most
complete accommodations being provided for all. The main deck is
divided into two general divisions by sliding glass doors. The forward
part is used for freight; and the after part, which has just been described,
is devoted to the use of passengers. From this after part, stairways lead
106 PopULAR RESORTs, AND How To REACH THEM.
to the upper and lower saloons. These stairs, with their highly-polished
brass steps and their carved and graceful mahogany balusters, are sep-
arated from the open deck by a semicircular partition of woodwork and
glass, which prevents the too strong draughts which a head wind some-
times occasions. Entering this semicircular enclosure, we descend to the
lower saloon and supper-room. Here, in long perspective, tables, glit-
tering with cut-glass and silver, stretch away toward the stern of the
boat. Just forward of the stairway are the china-closet and kitchen,
where all the culinary operations required on the boat are performed, and
whose meat array of shining cooking utensils would delight the heart of
the most fastidious housekeeper.
MAIN SALOON
Of the world-renowned Steamers “Bristol" and " Providence."
Leaving the appetizing scenes of the kitchen and supper-room, we
ascend two broad and easy flights of stairs to the main saloon, which
runs fore and aft nearly the whole length of the boat, with rows of state-
rooms on each side, and, in fact, overhead, -for there is yet another stair-
way, and another tier of state-rooms above us. The eight rooms which
occupy the after part of the main saloon are for the accommodation of
those who desire more luxurious surroundings than are sought by the
public at large. These rooms far excel in elegance those of any first
class hotel, and in size they are at least equal to the ordinary rooms of
seaside houses. The other state-rooms, numbering in all three hundred,
are large and well ventilated. They possess the peculiarity of having,
in place of the ordinary fixed bunks, a kind of two-storied black walnut
bedstead, which, being detached from the light woodwork, is compara-
tively free from the vibration commonly perceived when a steamboat is

PopULAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM. 107
under way. Besides this provision against vibration, it will be observed
that the partitious between the rooms are built diagonally; so that,
instead of working with every revolution of the wheels, they form, in
the aggregate, a powerful set of braces, adding much to the strength of
the superstructure. The state-rooms of the upper tier are entered from
broad galleries, which run around the saloon. These galleries unite at
either end, and form spacious landings, on which are tables and chairs
similar to those in the saloon; and the boats are lighted by gas.
STEAMER BRISTOL
Passing proposed Bridge between New York and Brooklyn.
Taken by permission from Warren's Geography, published by Cowperthwait & Co., Philadelphia.
At 5.30, P.M., daily (Sundays, during the summer at 6.30), passengers for
New York leave Boston, from the depot of the Old Colony Railroad, con-
necting with steamer at Fall River, leaving there at 7.15, P.M.; and at
S.45 in the evening the boat leaves Newport, arriving in New York in
season to connect with all through trains South and West.
Passengers from New York, the West, or South, for any of the above
places, can purchase tickets and have their baggage checked to destina-
tion; and by branch roads will be taken direct to any of the delightful
resorts to which it leads, without the necessity of going to Boston.

108 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
PLEASURE FOUTE No. 9.
ExCURSION TO O.A.K. BLUFFS AND KATAMIA BAY-
THE coast of New England abounds in beautiful harbors, charming
bays, and quiet inlets, many of which are unknown to the public for
want of means of communication. But the popular and increasing
custom of spending the summer months at the sea-shore every year
causes the development of new and delightful resorts, – localities whose
quiet beauty frequently proves a surprise to the travelling public. Yet
it has so often happened that a long time intervenes before such accom-
modations are prepared, that tourists have hesitation in visiting any but
the beaten tracks of travel. Very fortunately, however, this difficulty is
being largely obviated by the action of business men, who, with a quick
eye for the beautiful, and sharp discernment for the wants of the public,
do not hesitate, on discovering a desirable locality, to announce it with
STEAMBOAT "MARTHA'S VINEYARD ' PASSING OAK BLUFFS.
hotel accommodations complete. Such is the case at KATAMA BAY,
where the first building erected was a large and commodious hotel.
The name of “Katama" is not a familiar one; and many will read it
now for the first time. If such, however, will look at the map of Mas-
sachusetts, they will see off the eastern shore of Martha's Vineyard a
bay or channel separating it from Chappaquiddick Island, which forms
the point. This beautiful sheet of water is but eight miles south-east
from Oak Bluffs, now so extensively known as a summer resort.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 109
Tourists by rail to New Bedford connect with the fine side-wheel boats
“Martha's Vineyard ” and “Monohansett,” of the Martha's Vineyard
Line of steamers, for Oak Bluffs and Katama.
The excursion from New Bedford is one of the pleasantest on the
coast. We have a fine view of Fairhaven as we sail down the harbor.
This town is pleasantly located ; and a number of beautiful private resi-
dences, half hidden by foliage, overlook the water. An old fort, stands
upon a rocky promontory at the east entrance of the harbor, opposite to
which, upon an island, is the light-house. At this point we enter Buz-
zard's Bay, and cross directly to “Woods Hole,” a dozen miles away.
Buzzard's Bay and Vineyard Sound are so protected by headlands and
outlying islands, that the sail is delightful. While the coast turns back
to the left, after passing the fort, on the right the main-land pushes out
into the sea, forming a cape, on which Clark’s Point Light-house stands,
and Fort Tabor occupies a commanding position. From this the bay
opens to the right; and the main-land stretches away in the distance to a
marked promontory known as “Round Hill.” “Dumpling” or Round
Hill Light stands on an isolated rock off this point, beyond which is
the main entrance to Buzzard’s Bay. The Elizabeth Islands are on the
opposite side of the channel. These are individually known by their
Indian names, commencing with the westernmost, as Cuttyhunk, Penni-
keese, Neshawana, Peskeneese, Naushon, Nonnamensett, and to com-
plete the rhyme, mariners have added, Woods Hole, Quequonkesset.
Turning to the left, the main-land, extending towards Cape Cod, can be
seen in the blue distance, with Black Rock, a dangerous shoal, lying be-
tween. As we approach Woods Hole, the island of Naushon stretches six
or seven miles away to our right. This is the property of Capt. John M.
Forbes of Boston. His summer residence, and that of his son, form
conspicuous features in the landscape. An extensive grove of beech
and oak has been stocked with deer, where his friends are annually en-
tertained with a genuine deer-hunt.
The entrance to Woods Hole is narrow and tortuous, with sunken
rocks on either side, requiring great nautical skill in its passage. The
harbor is small, but deep, and well protected. A hundred houses,
perched upon the surrounding hills, many of them quite beautiful, com-
prise the town; the depot of the Old Colony Railroad being the most
conspicuous feature. Visitors to Katama or Oak Bluffs who prefer to
go to this place by rail can take the cars at the Old Colony Depot,
Boston, and continue from here by boat. The light-house, with its
beacon light, stands on a headland at the mouth of the harbor, and
marks the entrance to Vineyard Sound. The sail across the Sound is
delightful. Martha's Vineyard lies directly before you. Gay Head
Light is seen far away to the right, while Falmouth Heights are on the
left.
110 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
VINEYARD HAVEN.
This town, formerly called Holmes' Hole, is approached between two
headlands, known as the “East” and “West Chop.” Its harbor is
indeed a haven for the storm-driven mariner; and hundreds of sail
frequently lay here for days awaiting a favorable wind. The village of
Vineyard Haven rests upon a hillside, sloping gently to the water.
The town is
old: several
churches, a few
newly erected
residences, and
an old wind-mill
whose arms
point to the past,
form the con-
spicuous fea-
tures in the land-
scape. By the
formation of a
natural dike
across the south-
ern portion of
the harbor, a
small lake, three
miles long, has
been separated
from it, known - - -
as Lagoon Pond, RIDING OUT THE STORM.
which is noted
for its fine oysters of artificial culture. A carriage-drive along this
dike extends, via Oak Bluffs, to Katama.
As we leave Vineyard Haven, and the steamer rounds the “East
Chop,” we approach the locality of summer life for citizens from our
large towns. Cottages and villas are scattered over the hillsides, which
increase in number and beauty until we reach Oak Bluffs, where we
have a rural city spread out before us, from which, standing in bold re-
lief, rises a colossal structure surrounded by broad verandas, and sur-
mounted by towering cupolas, - THE SEA VIEw House, – with the
steamboat-landing directly in front.
THE “Sea View” is the prominent feature of the town, which lies
beyond. On either side, overlooking the water, and extending for thou-
sands of feet, is a broad plank promenade, with seats the entire length.

PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 111
At the right is a building one thousand feet long by eighteen feet wide,
built into the bluff, protected by a heavy bulkhead. This is used for
amusements. The side is of glass, and opens to the sea. In front is a
broad promenade, provided with seats. The roof is flat, covered with
concrete, and is also used for a walk, over which pavilions are placed at
intervals, the whole overlooked by beautiful cottages. At the left of the
hotel are hundreds of bathing-houses, with pavilions and seats for spec-
tators. Steamboats and yachts crowd the landing, while the wharves,
the verandas, the balconies and bluffs, are filled with the life and gayety
of the scene. Over sixty-nine thousand guests visited this renowned
resort during the season of 1874.
-- º |
L
III I.
SEA VIEW HOUSE.
Oak Bluffs, Martha's Vineyard.
If the boat remains at the landing long enough to allow it, a visit to
the “Sea View” will amply repay the trouble. From the wharf, the
entrance is made through an ornamental gate-house, which is devoted to
offices. In the tower at the right is the baggage-room, with a general
railway ticket-office over it. At the left is the wharfinger's office, over
which is the office of the Oak Bluffs Company. The basement of the
hotel is approached by a private entrance from the wharf, by which the
baggage and stores are taken, and, by the steam elevator, raised to any
part of the house.
Wide passage-ways extend through the basement, cutting each other at
right angles. At the left of the entrance, opening to the sea, are the
barber's shop, bath-rooms, and billiard-hall, beyond which is the engineer's

112 PopULAR RESORTs, AND How To REACH THEM.
and boiler room, &c. On the right are store-rooms, ice-house, chill-room,
laundry, bakery, and servants’ rooms. The house and promenades are
lighted by Walworth's solar gas generator, with gas manufactured in an
underground building, distant from the hotel.
The Sea View House is approached by a broad flight of steps, leading
to a capacious veranda at the east end, twenty-six feet in width. This
is an important architectural feature of the house. It is three stories
high, giving beauty to the structure, and comfort and pleasure to the
guests. It commands a full view of Vineyard Sound, the great “high-
way of commerce.” Ninety-five thousand vessels are reported to have
passed Gay Head Light in 1872. The ladies’ reception-room is at the
right of the entrance, with hat and coat and wash rooms, and stairway
beyond. On the left is the gentlemen's reception-room, elevator, and
office. Opposite the main entrance, the doors open to the dining-hall,
which occupies the entire width of the building, with long windows open-
ing to wide verandas on either side. The private dining-rooms are beyond.
Broad stairways and the elevator lead to the stories above. -
The public parlor, on the second floor, is pleasantly located across the
southern end of the building, commanding, from its windows and bal-
conies, an extended view in three directions. On either side of the pas-
sage are private parlors and sleeping-rooms; and the two stories above
are similarly arranged, with walks the entire length, affording excellent
ventilation. Balconies lead from every story. A tank of two thousand
gallons capacity, placed under the roof, supplies the water for the
house. &= -
The peak of the south tower has three fine sleeping-rooms. The north
tower has two, with a passage-way leading to the lookout-room above,
from the four windows of which a most extensive marine and landscape
view can be had.
The chapel is a beautiful structure, of ornamental design, and seats
eight hundred and twenty-two persons. It stands on a rounded knoll,
surrounded by a grove of oak. It is octagonal inform, with four doors,
leading from opposite angles, and a gallery entrance on the side, in front
of which stands the pulpit, with ante-rooms on either side. The seats on
the floor and in the gallery occupy seven sections of an octagon, facing
to a common centre. The inside is not plastered; but the painted tri-
colored walls and ceiling, relieved by the ornamented framework, produce
a singular and beautiful effect. The building is not confined to any
particular denomination ; but any stockholder can secure the pulpit for a
friend on any unengaged day. -
The free and harmonious use of a building so beautiful lends a charm
to the exercises, and, furnishing as it does a regular place of Worship,
contributes largely to the popularity of the place.
PopUr, AR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM. 113
Circuit Avenue commences at the wharf, and extends through and
around the town. It has a paved drive-way, with concrete sidewalks.
Other important streets are paved with concrete. The town is emphati-
cally a Cottage City. Within an area of one mile stand six hundred and
ninety-one cottages. Among the hundreds of beautiful houses, of
exquisite architecture, scarcely two can be found alike.
--~~
Aw-- NºwWºwºw - -
SEASIDE COTTAGE OF HON.
Nºvºrtuº
E. P. CARPENTER.
Oak Bluffs is a delightful place, frequented by persons of culture and
taste, which can only be partially described in this article, but will well
repay a visit from the pleasure-seeker. Katama, on the eastern point of
the island, is now attracting attention.
The scenery at Katama was so beautiful, the fishing and shooting so
unusually fine, that in 1872 a few gentlemen of means determined to
erect a hotel there, and secure a building site for others who, like them-
selves, should be desirous of leaving the heated streets of a town for a
quiet cottage life by the seaside. The result was beyond the expecta-
tions of the most sanguine; and forty-three persons came forward the
first season, and secured lots, with the agreement to build cottages on
them. The place has been artistically surveyed by a landscape-gardener,
streets and avenues graded, and parks laid out. Summer residences are
being built; and a town is springing up as if by magic.


114 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
Several of the managers of this enterprise are the same who made Oak
Bluffs a success; the same whose lots, placed in the market five years ago
at $100 each, have since sold for $1,600; the same who, in six years, from
a single house, have built “THE Cottage. CITY of AMERICA,” with
paved and gas-lit streets, – in a word, a complete town, clothed with
taste, comfort, and picturesque beauty. And now the same energy and
perseverance which succeeded at Oak Bluffs promise success at Katama.
It is a short but pleasant sail across the bay from Oak Bluffs to the
village of Edgartown, the spires of which can be seen in the south-east.
This place was once a town of some enterprise; but, with the decline of
the whale fishery, the young men have generally sought employment else-
where. From Edgartown we enter Katama Bay, a beautiful sheet of water,
some five miles long. It is of itself an excellent harbor, affording not
only good anchorage, but is well protected from the winds, making it a
favorable resort for yachting and fishing clubs. On entering the bay,
“Mattakeset Lodge,” the model hotel of Katama, becomes the absorb-
ing object of attention.
MATTAKESET LODGE,
Katama, Martha's Vineyard.
The house stands on a commanding bluff, at the opposite end of the
harbor, its symmetrical towers cutting boldly against the southern
sky. As you near the landing, immediately below the hotel, its peculiar
structure and singular location become apparent. The surface at
Katama is an extended table-land, broken by gentle undulations, but
at the coast falling abruptly to the beach below. In a single instance, by
some natural agency, a pathway has been grooved through the bluff to


PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 115
the water's edge, forming an admirable passage, of easy grade, from the
beach to the plain above. Here a wharf has been built; and on the bluff,
spanning the ravine, stands the hotel, under which the drive-way passes
to the town beyond.
“Mattakeset Lodge” has been constructed to afford the maximum
amount of comfort and pleasure. Numerous balconies and broad veran-
das, commanding a complete view of the landing and harbor beyond,
surround the house; but the peculiar and favorite feature is an open gal-
lery, which occupies the entire upper story. In the evening this is bril-
liantly lighted by gas, and is entirely devoted to promenading and dancing.
YACHTING.
It is, indeed, a novel feature. Here, in the hottest summer's day, a cool-
ing breeze is always felt, and the roar of the breakers on the south side
of the island, scarcely a mile away, fills the air. The whitened foam, as
the waves dash upon the beaches, which stretch away like a ribbon in
the distance, is always an interesting object of contemplation. From
this elevation, high above the surrounding water, securely shielded from
the sun's scorching rays, hundreds of whitened sail can be seen.
The admirable facilities for yachting, and the abundance of fish and
birds in this vicinity, have induced the proprietors to make special ar-
rangements for the convenience of sportsmen; while others, whose taste

116 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
•)
for these amusements commences after the game has passed the culinary
department, will have reason to be equally well pleased. Fishing parties
from Oak Bluffs have come to be daily affairs. -
Few localities on the coast possess better facilities for fishing than
Katama, -deep-sea fishing off Cape Pogue for cod, haddock, hake, whit-
ing, pollock, and halibut; exciting sport in sailing or trolling for blue
fish, striped bass, and Spanish mackerel; still fishing in the bay, within
a gun-shot of the house, for scup, tautog, sea-bass, and sea-perch. But
the Sport in which Katama leads is in the serving of her unrivalled
Clam-bakes; and, for the convenience of guests, a grand pavilion has been
erected for their shelter.
THE MIGHTY CLAM-BARE.
Tradition gives color to the claim, that the great genius of Mattakeset,
the famous and powerful Indian chief of the primitive days, devised the
art of preparing the delicious and now world-renowned “ CLAM-BAKE.”
Charles Lamb relates the remarkable way in which “roast pig" was re-
vealed to the “heathen Chinee.” Doubtless the claim set up for Mat-
takeset is quite as authentic as Lamb's bit of tradition; but it is not as
full in particulars. Clams of the very finest variety abound in the
region around Mattakeset Lodge; and the formula for composing and
compounding a clam-bake, in the style of a fine art, is naturally found
here. For general satisfaction, we now describe the process: —
First, a huge saucer-like space is dug in the sand or ground, and is
well paved over with stones. This may be called the bake-oven. To
prepare the grand bake, the “oven’’ is filled with fuel, intermingled with
goodly sized stones. This is fired (the combustible part): and after the
stone portions are all thoroughly heated the coals are raked off. The
“oven’’ is now ready. First, a layer of rock-weed is equally spread
over the heated surface; next, from fifteen to twenty-five bushels of
clams are thrown in, and then covered with another layer of rock-
weed; and over that sea-weed is thickly placed. The heat of the oven
is sufficient to raise a great cloud of steam from the water of the clams
and the weeds; and in about half an hour, the capacious mound of
savory bivalves is ready to be borne to the feast-board. Here, drawn but-
ter, salt, pepper, and vinegar, or any of the more pungent relishes of the
table, served in convenient dishes, are used to add zest to this notable and
popular food. The instruments used to dislodge the clam from the
shell, decapitate it, and submit it to the teeth, are simply fingers. Ex-
perts at this kind of feed are wonderfully dexterous in the work, and
raise huge piles of shells around them in brief time. This is a clam-
bake simple. But, to have a compound bake of appetizing temptations
PopULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM. 117
most excelling, as frequently served by mine host of “Mattakeset
Lodge,” lobsters, green corn, fresh fish, chickens, &c., are to be placed
among the clams at the outset. With these additions, the rudely
improvised feast becomes one not to be surpassed for lusciousness by
the skill of a regiment of French cooks. In the opinion of many, the
transcendent glory of Mattakeset Lodge lies in its unrivalled clam-
bakes.
COMMUNICATIONS.
Katama possesses admirable facilities for communication by steamers,
and the sail is delightful. A new and beautiful steam-yacht, of un-
rivalled speed, connects with steamers from Woods Hole and New
Bedford, at Oak Bluffs; or you can go by rail, a new and elegantly
equipped narrow-gauge road having been built from Oak Bluffs to
Katama. And the citizens of Edgartown, alive to the requirements of
the public, have laid out and constructed a splendid drive-way of twelve
miles, extending from Katama to Vineyard Haven, via Edgartown and
Oak Bluffs. Steamers will run daily. In a word, every thing which
experience can dictate is being done to make this a popular summer
resort, and a pleasant seaside retreat.
THE SEA-VIEW BOULEVARD.
This fine drive-way, commencing at Katama, extends twelve miles along
the coast to Vineyard Haven. It has been constructed by the citizens of
Edgartown, to meet the increasing wants of visitors. From Katama to
Edgartown it continues along the table-land to and through the village.
A couple of miles beyond, it leads down to the sea, approaching it between
two smaller bodies of water, which lay contiguous to and parallel with

118 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
the ocean. That upon the right, and nearer Edgartown, is known as Crys-
tal Lake, – a beautiful pond, one mile in diameter. On the left we pass
the foot of San-cha-can-tack-et Lake, which for miles is only separated
from the sea on our right by a natural dike, evidently thrown up by some
mighty convulsion, or by the action of the waves, beyond the present
history of this region. The road-way has been built along this dike,
which in places is so narrow that a stone could be tossed into the water
on either side. This is a delightful drive; and, although of recent con-
struction, it has attained a great popularity, affording as it does, to persons
having objections to boating, the rare opportunity of securing an equally
refreshing sea-breeze while riding in a carriage. Nor is this all. Midway
between Edgartown and Oak Bluffs the dike has been cut, by the action
of the waters, through which, with the tide, the current ebbs and flows.
This channel has been spanned by a bridge four hundred and fifty feet
long, affording a rare opportunity for fishing; not merely small, worth-
less varieties, but blue-fish, bass, flounders, and others of large size, are
taken in abundance. This was only needed to secure for ladies and chil-
dren, or persons averse to boating, the full advantages of the exhilarating
sport of fishing, shorn of the disagreeable annoyances of sea-sickness.
The Sea-View IIUuse, at Oak Bluffs, is but three miles distant, and in
full view from the bridge, which is one of its most favorite resorts.
Indeed, the Sea-View Boulevard is one of the most enjoyable features of
this popular watering-place.
San-cha-can-tack-et Lake is three miles long, and from one to two wide,
and is a favorite boating and sailing locality. Cultivated farms rise to a
wooded crest on the opposite shores.
The drive from the bridge to Oak Bluffs is along an undulating Sur-
face, which will soon undoubtedly be filled with cottages. It affords a
fine variety of landscape views, with occasional glimpses of the town
beyond, - the Sea-View House always forming the most imposing fea-
ture. Island Lake nestles quietly by the wayside, with a miniature island
set like an emerald in its centre.
STRANGERS IN BOSTON.
Boston is well supplied with hotels, and, like every city, with cheap
and expensive ones; but the Crawford House, which is under the same
management as Mattakeset Lodge, will be found one of the most
desirable for strangers. It is centrally located, in Scollay's Square, from
which point all the city and Metropolitan horse-cars start. It is con-
venient to all the depots, and is a first-class house in every respect. It is
kept on the European plan, with rooms from $1 to $4 per day; and with
four dining-halls the proprietor is able to satisfy his guests in style or
price. I have no doubt strangers will find this a desirable home while in
Boston and vicinity.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 119
PLEASU RE FOUTE No. 1 O.
New York, Boston, and Vicinity to the Mountains and
Springs of Vermont, Lake Champlain, Montreal, and
Quebec, Thousand Islands, &c.
CENTRAL VERMONT RAILROAD.
THE southern termini of the great system of railroads known as the
“Central Vermont ?” are Miller's Falls, Mass., where connection is made
with the New London Northern Railroad; also at Chatham Four
Corners, N.Y., connecting with the Harlem, Boston and Albany, and
Hudson Railroads. It is approached from Boston and the east viá
Boston, Lowell, and Nashua, Concord, and Northern Railroads to White
River Junction; and by the Fitchburg and Cheshire Railroads to Bel-
lows Falls, and by the Boston and Albany Railroad to Chatham Four
Corners. From these several termini the various routes and branches
permeate the entire State of Vermont, reaching into New York and the
Province of Quebec. At St. Johns, Canada, the northern terminus,
twenty-two miles from Montreal, connection is made with the “Grand
Trunk,” and again at Ogdensburg, N.Y., the western terminus. At this
point also the St. Lawrence and Lake steamers touch.
A description of the route from Boston to White River Junction will
be found in Illustrated Pleasure Route No. 1, as far as Concord, N.H.,
where the Northern Railroad commences. The first noted point of
interest beyond Concord is Newfound Lake, located about two miles
north from the quiet and sequestered village of Bristol, N.H., on a
branch of the Northern Railroad. This delightful sheet of water, seven
miles long by three wide, is surrounded by mountains, which from every
direction are mirrored on its quiet surface. Sugar-Loaf Mountain rises
in the west, and Mount Crosby in the east. The Newfound and
Pemigewasset Rivers unite near here, and add their attractions.
Mount Kearsarge, N.H. (2,461 feet high), is four miles from
Potter Place Station, on the Northern Railroad, reached by stage. This
mountain is not unfrequently confounded with another of similar name,
Kiarsarge (see North Conway), which, in an air line, is sixty miles
distant in a north-easterly direction. Mount Kearsarge is a place of
considerable repute as a summer resort. Its isolated position affords a
magnificent view of the surrounding country; the landscape is dotted
by beautiful lakes; and far in the northern horizon are seen the Fran-
conia and White Mountains with the Green Mountains of Vermont at
the left. Visitors will find comfortable quarters at the Winslow House,
which is located half way up the mountain side.
The steam frigate “Kearsarge” was named for this mountain.
120 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
VERMONT.
We strike the Central Vermont Railroad at White River Juno-
tion, a railway centre of importance. Considerable stop is made at
this station, to allow passengers time for refreshment at the admirable
restaurant in the depot.
After New Hampshire, the Green Mountains of Vermont rival in
popularity those of any other of the New-England States; and of these
Mount Mansfield (4,348 feet high), the crowning peak, is the most
famed. This is an objective point from Stowe, one of the most fashion-
able resorts in the State, which, when better known by illustrated
description, is certain of liberal patronage. Stowe is reached by the
Central Vermont Railroad. From this place the excursion to Mount
Mansfield (five miles) is made by carriage; the visitor's path is shaded by
a hardy grove, but the trees gradually decrease in size. To meet the
demands of travel, a hotel, the Summit House, has been erected near
the top ; which is largely patronized by those who would enjoy a sunrise
from the summit. Mount Mansfield is the central peak of several
mountains, each a point of interest to visitors.
Sterling Mountain (3,500 feet high), separated from Mount Mans-
field by a gorge known as Smuggler's Notch, a wild, romantic pass which
derived its name from incidents in the past history of the region. The
drive from Stowe, nine miles, is picturesque and pleasant. The most
impressive view of Smuggler’s Notch is from Mount Mansfield. Here
also is a profile rock called “The Old Man,” curious in itself, yet lacking
the stern grandeur of its namesake in the Franconia Mountains.
Bolton Falls, near Ridley’s Station, form one of the interesting fea-
tures of that favorite region for tourists, of which Mount Mansfield is the
towering sentinel. More than four thousand feet below Mansfield’s crest
is a deep rugged ravine, overhung by frowning rocks, screened by foliage,
and ornamented by mosses, lichens, and clinging vines. Here almost
unseen this wild mountain stream boils and foams.
Camel's Hump (4,083 feet in altitude) is but little below Mans-
field, and is in the same neighborhood. It is also reached by the
Central Vermont Railroad to Ridley's Station, thence by carriage six
miles, to the base of the mountain. From this point, a carriage-road
has been built three miles. A good pedestrian can readily make the
remainder; but, for those who desire, saddle-horses are to be had. A
Small summer-house near the summit furnishes refreshments, and serves
for protection in case of storms. The view is fine.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 121
Sheldon Springs have long been famous for the excellence of their
waters, efficacious for rheumatism, erysipelas, &c. The scenery in the
neighborhood also possesses many other attractive features.
The Portland and Ogdensburg Railroad, leading from Portland past
Sebago Lake, through the White Mountain Notch, will cross the Missis-
quoi Valley Railroad at Sheldon.
Highgate Springs are located immediately at the station of that
name, and form the central group of a number of medicinal springs, many
of which have become noted for the virtue of their waters, and when bet-
ter known will rank higher as fashionable resorts. Among those within
a few-miles' radius can be named Alburgh Springs, Missisquoi Springs, Cham-
plain Springs, Sheldon Springs, and Vermont Springs. Highgate Springs con-
tain chloride of sodium, carbonate of soda, and sulphate of soda. The
proximity of Missisquoi Bay which lies at the east, and Highgate Falls
only two or three miles distant, add to the attractions of this region.
Champlain Springs and Highgate Falls are rival attractions at
the village of the latter name. The waters of the springs are recom-
mended for cancer, dyspepsia, and skin-diseases generally.
Alburgh Springs are also reached by the Central Vermont Rail-
road, and have won considerable attention. They are located north
from Lake Champlain, and on the direct route from the “springs
region ” of Vermont to the Thousand Islands, Alexandria Bay, N.Y.
If we make an approach to Vermont by the Fitchburg Railroad, we can
visit Wachusett Mountain of Princeton, Mass., having an altitude of
2,480 feet, which is very favorably known to tourists. It is a crowning
eminence second only to Greylock in altitude, rising from an undulating
yet highly cultivated country, and is located midway between Massa-
chusetts Bay and the Connecticut River. It was occupied by Govern-
ment officers on the coast survey, and forms a distinctive landmark for
mariners approaching the coast. It has long been a popular resort;
even the red men are said to have made it a rendezvous. Its beauties are
enhanced by an attractive lake, Wachusett, which nestles under its
shadow. The elevated situation of the village of Princeton, the pure
water with which it is supplied, its invigorating atmosphere, and
pleasing surroundings, would of themselves prove attractions sufficient
to popularize the place with pleasure-seekers. To these are added the
charms of Lake Wachusett, and Wachusett Mountain; the former noted
for the purity of its waters, the latter for the boldness and rich variety
of its landscape.
122 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
If the tourist has a desire to climb another of New Hampshire’s
famous mountains, this will be found a convenient time to visit Mount.
Monadnock, in the town of Jaffrey, which has an altitude of 3,450.
feet. (Vermont also has a mountain of the same name located near the
little village of Colebrook.) This mountain is known as the Grand
Monadnock, and is in the extreme southern section of the State. Being
the highest elevation in the vicinity, it is a distinctive feature in the
landscape. The view from this mountain is magnificent, and differs
from that of any other in the vicinity. This elevation seems the con-
necting link between the more undulating surface of Massachusetts, and
the towering highlands of New Hampshire. In the east the historic
shaft on Bunker Hill indicates the location of Boston. In the South-
west, Wachusett, Holyoke, and Mount Tom form the conspicuous
objects in the scenery; the green hills of Vermont become blue in
the western horizon. In every direction, like gems set among the hills,
sparkle the waters of picturesque lakes, the queen of which, Contoocook,
with its charming little steamer, lies half enveloped in the shades of
the overhanging mountain. From the north, however, the landscape
draws its grandeur. Rising one above another are seen all the important
peaks of bluis IIIouillainous Slale.
A mineral spring in the vicinity adds to the attraction of Monadnock.
Contoocook Lake, set like a gem among the hills, as before men-
tioned, nestles under the shadow of the grand old Monadnock. It is a
delightful retreat for the pleasure-loving guests of the summer hote!
clinging to a shelf on the mountain-side. A small steamer plies on its
waters. Go to Jaffrey, N.H., vià Monadnock Railroad.
Bellows Falls, Vt. —Bellows Falls, or, as might more properly be
said, cataract, forms an object worthy the attention of the sight-seer. It
consists of a channel fifty feet in width, cut far down into the solid rock,
through which the waters of the Connecticut River rush. A descent of
fifty feet is made during the passage over which the river tumbles and
foams. The scenery in the vicinity is fine, both in richness and variety.
Bellows Falls may be reached by any of the railroad lines which strike
the Connecticut River above or below. At this point connection is
again made with the Central Vermont Railroad.
Black River Falls, Springfield, are little more than a wild cascade
where the stream has worn a curious fantastic channel through the
slate formation. In a descent of six hundred feet the river falls one
hundred and ten feet, fifty of which is by a single leap. Reached by the
Central Vermont and Cheshire Railroads.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 123
The Hoosac Tunnel is so far completed that trains for merchandise
passed through it for the first time on the date of writing this article.
By this great engineering success the Hoosac Mountain has been pierced,
forming a direct passage from the Atlantic Seaboard to the west. Ar-
rangements for tourists are not yet completed, but this must eventually
become one of the attractive features of an already interesting region.
Go by the Vermont and Massachusetts Railroad from the east, or Harlem
Extension from New York.
If our approach to Vermont is by the Boston and Albany Railroad we
shall pass near Mount Holyoke, a place long and favorably known
as a popular resort. Although it has an altitude of only 1,120 feet, the
prospect from it is remarkably fine.
Many other mountains are higher, yet few afford more interesting
views. It has long been visited as a summer resort. As early as 1821
a hotel was erected on its summit, the same site now occupied by the
famous Prospect House. It is ascended, partly by carriage, and partly
by railway. Three hundred and sixty-five feet of the steepest portion is
overcome by an incline six hundred feet, with cars drawn up by station-
ary engine. Over twenty thousand visitors are annually lifted to this
commanding spot. - -
The mountain is but three miles from the thriving village of North-
ampton, with a good carriage-road. Visitors can also go by horse-cars
to the mountain railway. Northampton is reached by the Connecticut
River, and New Haven and Northampton Railroads.
Mount Tom (1,320 feet high), is also in this neighborhood, and is
visited from Northampton (five miles). It commands a more extended
view than Mount Holyoke, but from the difficulty of ascent it has never
gained the same popularity. te
Our next point of interest as we move westward is the Berkshire
Hills, whose queen is the charming village of Pittsfield, Mass. One of
the chief attractions is Lake Ashley, a quiet lakelet set on the
summit of Mount Washington (1,800 feet high), near the village of Pitts-
field. Its pure limpid waters supply the town.
Lake Onota, Pontoosuc Lake, Berry Pond (in Hancock),
Melville Lake, or the Lily Bowl, Lulu Cascade, Silver Lake, and
Sylvan Lake are also among the interesting attractions near Pittsfield,
which is really one of the most delightful homes of the hill region of
Massachusetts. It is reached by both the Boston and Albany, and Housa-
tonic Railroads. Before continuing to Vermont, the tourist should not
fail to visit Greylock, the crowning peak of the Berkshire Mountains.
124 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Greylock is partially cleared on its summit, and commands a view
pleasantly interspersed with every variety of landscape. Near by are the
lower ranges of the Berkshire Hills, generally wooded to the crest; be-
yond are the hills and valleys of an undulating country, dotted with farm-
houses, lakes, ponds, and villages, which are agreeably intermingled.
Above and beyond stretching far into the blue distance may be seen
the towering form of Grand Monadnock. Turning with the sun,
Mount Wachusett, in the eastern section of the State, forms a notable
feature. Holyoke and Tom are seen in the south-east, and the Catskills
in the south-west. There are several paths by which the top of Greylock
is reached. The ascent is somewhat tedious, but the cheering prospect
repays the effort. Go viá Boston and Albany Railroad.
New Lebanon Springs are reached by rail on the Harlem Exten-
sion Railroad. Here may be found a fine summer house, which is well
patronized during the season. The medicinal qualities of the waters
are highly recommended, having a temperature at 73°; the flow is large,
and the fame of this spring is increasing. The surroundings are pleasant,
walks good, and drives fine. The Shaker village is two miles distant.
Mount Equinox (3,706 feet high) is one of the popular resorts
of Manchester, Vt., from which village a fine carriage-road has been
constructed to the house on the summit. Of all the charming drives,
for which the environs of Manchester are famed, that to Mount Equinox
is the most desirable. The landscape view is extensive and exceedingly
interesting ; reaching from the far-Off Monadnock in the east, the
Catskills in the west, to all the prominent Green Mountain peaks in the
north. Manchester, which is reached by the Harlem Extension Rail-
road, contains many other objects of attraction for tourists. Its fine
hotels, the “Equinox * and “Taconic,” are worthy of patronage. The
village possesses many picturesque charms which make it popular with
visitors. Its marble walks shaded by beautiful trees give the place a
quiet air of elegance.
Clarendon Springs are located about six miles from Rutland, and
not only form a delightful and much frequented resort for the citizens
of that prosperous town, but are of themselves fashionable attractions.
Rillington Peak, having an altitude of 3,924 feet, is best visited
from Rutland, which is reached by the Central Vermont, Rensselaer
and Saratoga, and Harlem Extension Railroads. The excursion is made
by carriage seven miles. The ascent requires the usual amount of hard
climbing ; but the view from the summit is fine.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 125
St. Catherine Lake, Poultney, is the central feature of many
interesting points in that region. . It is located six miles from the village
by a pleasant drive. The lake is about five miles long. On a project-
ing promontory at the lower end stands St. Catherine's Hotel, a
summer house pleasantly situated. The St. Catherine, Haystack, and
Moosehorn, mountains to whose lofty peaks pilgrimages are often made,
look down upon its quiet waters. Lake Bomaseen near by, although
less in magnitude, is a place of much attraction. Carter's Falls, the
Bowl, the Gorge, and Middletown Springs are also objects of interest
to visitors. Rensselaer and Saratoga Railroad.
The Bread-Loaf Mountain it is not proposed to describe, nor the
Bread-Loaf Inn where visitors rest, and are at home; but the quaint
name is given to catch the fancy of tourists who would leave the beaten
tracks of travel for a rustic jaunt among the emerald mountains of
Vermont, — a real stage-coach ride of the olden time, up hills that are
long and steep, past gorges that are rugged and deep, for a quiet rest
beyond. Leave the Central Vermont Railroad at Middlebury, and the
stage will take you eleven miles to Ripton, and set you down at the
|Bread-loaf Inn. Good trout-fishing in the neighborhood.
Lake Dunmore, Vt., derives its name from this historical incident.
It is said, that, about the year 1770, Lord Dunmore visited this region,
and, becoming enamoured of the beauties of this lake, waded into its
crystal waters, and, pouring wine upon it, said, “Ever after this body of
water shall be called Lake Dunmore in honor of the Earl of Dunmore.”
Although this lake is but a half-dozen miles in length, its romantic
situation, surrounded by high hills, the great depth and purity of its
waters filled with gamey fish, and the many pleasant places in the
vicinity, invest it with a rare interest to the guests of the Lake Dun-
more House. Go to Salisbury, Vt., vić, Vermont Central Railroad, thence
four miles by stage.
126 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
ILLUSTRATED PLEASURE ROUTE No. 11.
Boston to Providence, Stonington, New London, Shelter
Island, New Haven, and New York City.
SHORE LINE RAILROAD.
Engraved expressly for Bachelder's “Popular Resorts, and How to Reach Them.”
PROVIDENCE DEPOT, COLUMBUS AVENU E, BOSTON.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 127
THE Shore Line Railroad is a consolidated route of several com-
panies, – the Boston and Providence, 44 miles; Providence and Stoning-
ton extending to New London, 62 miles; New York, New Haven, and
Hartford, 122 miles: making the whole distance by rail, 232 miles.
Upon the whole, the Shore Line is not merely the shortest to New York
from Boston: it is the pleasantest, and in that respect the best.
We wish to make clear notes of this important route. Before speak-
ing briefly of the chief places along the way, we specially impress upon
the reader to secure a careful look over the newest and very latest
wonder of Boston’s century, - the famous castle, or depot, just finished
by the Boston and Providence Railroad Company in Boston. In 1834
this road “opened shop’’ in a depot of great elegance and imposing
Proportions—for that day ; SO pretentious, in fact, that it held up its
respectable head in a comely and quite fashionable way, until January,
1875, when its president, directors, and company sat down in the
present regal edifice. Two stone tablets at the entrance symbolize the
whole significant story in a quiet way. The one records the names of
the president, directors, superintendent, treasurer, and architects of
1834; and the other gives the names of like officials, under whose
authority and care the company replaced the new for the old, forty years
afterwards. The building is an eloquent witness; but the tablets reveal
the secret of its birth, – the brains and the loins.
It would be out of place here to tell how many gas-burners, how
many miles of piping, how many rooms and for what, and all those
'minuter statistics which show the vastness of the whole work. The
exterior, a perspective view of which is given, is an imposing, immense,
and graceful composition, mainly of brick. Bricks are durable, but not
elegant nor artistic, except in their arrangement; and yet the outside
gives no conception of the splendor within. The approach and entrance
is happy in its conception and elegant in execution. The impression made
By the grand hall for passengers is that of cathedral opulence and sump-
tuousness. There is no gingerbread effort at effect ; but there is a
profound sense of massive grace, of princely cost and lavishment, and of
architectural refinement, which is the type of adaptation to all time.
A building more than the seventh of a mile in extent must arrest
contemplation; but to stand in a hall rich in tasteful outlines beyond
power of words to fairly describe, expanded to one hundred and eighty
feet, forty-four wide, and eighty feet to the ceiling, is a new thing under
depot suns. Half a dozen country stations with all their pine devices,
in wriggling sinuosities and affected grace, could be set in this immense
case, and have comfortable elbow-room besides. One of the perfections
of good taste in this structure is the space allotted for every room, not
forgetting the humble and the ignoble.
128 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
Not only every want and demand of the public, but every arm of the
working force, is provided for in the same sumptuous and luxurious
manner, even to baths for the conductors. In fact, the new depot of the
Boston and Providence Road is a marvel of beauty, utility, and modern
progress. Others cover more earth-space, but this is the depot for the
million. Its influence is not lost in its immediate atmosphere. Not only
will every engineer, every conductor, every employee, feel a sort of proud
identity with this palatial property; but, better still, the thousands who
travel the road will feel the exulting and flattering consciousness, that all
this unstinted bountifulness was intended for “us.” It is “our ‘’ new
depot to them; and the idea is full of shekels. “There are millions in it.”
On the route by the Shore Line to New York, from Boston, objects of
rare interest continually occur ; as, indeed, they must in a region so alive
with people and their industries. All along the course to Providence,
thriving towns and pretty villages are found, with the gently rolling
intervals of country farms and cottages. The cheerful co-operation of the
railroad company in advancing facilities and encouraging all objects of
enterprise has stimulated a healthful suburban growth. The city of
Providence is of growing renown, as the focus of an immense summer
travel, en route for Newport and the multitude of summer resorts, located
upon the delightful shores of Narraganset Bay. The little thread of
water, which runs from the bay up to Providence, is constantly enlivened
by magnificent excursion steamers, puffy little “tugs,” and graceful
pleasure-boats, in “the season.” Fresh breezes and fresh clams are the
staple joys of all who go to the famous resort of Rocky Point. The
city is a very pleasant place with numerous attractive local curiosities,
and suburban drives. It is of goodly size, about a hundred thousand
inhabitants. At Kingston tourists leave by stage for Narraganset
Pier, a summer watering-place of growing popularity. Of its twenty
hotels, all are well patronized in summer. It should be better known.
Stonington is a remarkably neat, pretty, and solemn place. It is a
favorite resort in the Summer for a select class, and has an excellent and
well-kept hotel. Watch Hill, but three miles across the bay from
Stonington, is a delightful seaside location, being directly upon the
coast, and possessing all the characteristics peculiar to the ocean's mar-
gin. It is readily reached and largely visited from Stonington.
Stonington is also important as the eastern terminus of the Steamboat
Line from New York, a description of which supplements this article. At
this point the route strikes Long Island Sound, which it follows closely,
by which the tourist is cheered by many fine marine views, and invigor-
ated by cool salt-water breezes.
sº
|
º
º º
ºr º |
º
-T | |
º |Nº. +
|
|
º
º
N s ºv
|

130 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
, New London is another conspicuous and historic place, following
Stonington, crossing the Thames River by ferry. A few days’ tarry at
the Pequot House, at the mouth of the river, will incline the guest to
repeat his visit. This is a first-class modern hotel, and is chiefly occu-
pied by wealthy New York families in “the season.”
* Among the notable sights is Fort Trumbull, one of our good Uncle
Samuel's peculiar sea-coast, burglar-proof safes, in which he keeps his
“mad ‘’ stored up. It looks as though it was a very solemn and peace-
able place, however; but looks are deceptive, you know.
"The temptations to visit Neptune's domain are unusually great, and
afford cheery sails and “lots” of plunder. This is the point from which
to leave for Shelter Island Park, located on Shelter Island, near Green-
port, L.I., across the Long Island Sound, directly opposite from New
London, from which place a steamer runs regularly.
New Haven is reached through quietly diversified, but pleasant land-
scapes. The city itself is justly inclined to be a whit aristocratic, as it
contains Yale College. It is called “The City of Elms,” and holds many
valuable and agreeable objects for the curious. It has a sweet, pictur-
esque fringe of country scene, and will repay the time of a few days’
tarry ; for which good hotel accommodations will be found. Fine
steamers run from New Haven to New York twice daily, and connect
with other points also. There are steamers likewise from Bridgeport to
New York. This is an enterprising, thrifty place beyond New Haven.
Pursuing the route, there are entered and passed successively South-
port, Westport, Norwalk, Darien, Noraton, Stamford, Greenwich, Port
Chester, New Rochelle, and other places numerous but of less note.
The journey ends in the far-famed Grand Central Depot, corner of
Fourth Avenue and Forty-Second Street, in the great city and pande-
monium of New York. This renowned depot, the centre of an amount
of travel almost defying computation, we present in picture form ; and
it is a worthy close of a trip commenced from the new Boston and
Providence Depot.
The peculiar advantage this route affords to Western travellers lies in
the fact that the western trains of the New York Central and Hudson
River Railroad, also have their termination in the Grand Central; so
that no time is lost, nor inconvenience felt, by change of cars. Still
further liberality is found by Southern travellers, that their transfer is by
coach and free of charge, if they have procured through tickets, – a fact
of which the knowing ones will take heed. The Fourth Avenue horse-
cars start from this depot, by which, with connecting roads, tourists may
visit any portion of the city. The system of baggage delivery prevailing
here is too well understood to require description.
PopULAR RESORTS, AND IIow. To REACH THEM, 131
EXCURSION THROUGH LONG ISLAND SOUND,
BY THE STONINGTON LINE.
Not HING conduces so much to the pleasure of travel as a feeling of
security. Whether flashing through the valleys of a beautiful landscape,
around the hills, along the streams, or across the broad prairies;
whether skimming the waters of some placid lake, stemming the current
of a mighty river, or ploughing old “ocean's billows,”—the pleasure of the
excursion will be in direct ratio to the confidence of the excursionist in
the character and reliability of the route. In this particular THE STON-
INGTON STEAM BoAT LINE stands at the head of steam travel in America.
º
--- ~~~~ --> - ---
-- rº- - -- -
- -----------------~~~~ --- º
ºn-ºn-ºn-ºnal - - -º-º:
-------
These boats possess the advantage of having been substantially built for
outside service. They lay low in the water, presenting less surface to
the winds, and in storms ride the waves “like a thing of life.” They
are unsurpassed for speed, comfort, and safety; and, whatever the state
of the weather, always make the trip, and are sure of connections.
The change from the busy whirl and heated streets of a crowded city
to the open harbor, where the sea-breeze sweeps unobstructed from shore
to shore, is a source of great relief; and the sail from New York, through
the harbor, up the East River, through Hell Gate, and down Long Island
Sound, is one of the most delightful on the coast. The ferry-boats fly

132 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
hither and thither like things of life. The gayly-dressed ships, bearing
the fruit and merchandise of foreign climes; the forest of masts, with
their streaming pennants, which for miles line the wharves along which
We sail; the magnificent suburban residences and fine public buildings,
With cultivated grounds, which adorn the banks; and the receding city
clothed in the rich, warm glow of a beautiful sunset, — combine to make
this sail one of the enjoyable episodes of a pleasant tour. THIS IS THE
GREAT INSIDE LINE, leaving New York every afternoon (Sundays ex-
cepted) from Pier 33, North River, at 5, P.M., in summer, and 4 in winter,
and continuing to Boston via Stonington, entirely avoiding Point Judith,
a dangerous promontory, against which, during storms, the waves dash
with fearful violence, making the passage, if not always dangerous, at
least unpleasant to persons unaccustomed to sea-life.
The Providence Railroad, by which passengers from the boat con-
tinue to Boston, is one of the best appointed in the country. Its Chair
Cars are a great luxury, and add much to the comfort of tourists.
THE STONINGTON LINE POSSESSES ANOTHER IMPORTANT ADVANTAG. E.
Should any detention of the cars, or the probability of a rough or
foggy night on the Sound, render such a course desirable, passengers from
Boston for New York can change cars before reaching the boat, and con-
tinue on the SHORE LINE by rail, thus insuring Southern or Western
connections in New York.
The Stonington Line presents unrivalled claims in the seaworthy
character of its boats, an advantage fully tested during the unprecedented
cold winter of 1874–5. -
The “Stonington ’’ and “Narragansett’’ were staunchly built for out-
side service: they lie low in the water, and in storms ride the waves
“like a thing of life.”
The “Rhode Island ” is a splendid boat in model, architecture, and
finish; it is furnished magnificently, and is claimed to be the fastest
boat on the Sound. The spacious dining-room on the upper deck, the
elegant state-rooms, smoking-room, with abundant facilities for prome-
nade both inside and out, are among the luxuries this boat affords.
The Stonington Line is the direct. route of approach from New York
and the South to the summer resorts of Stonington, Watch Hill, and Nar-
ragansett Pier: the latter a place of growing popularity, is patronized
largely by New Yorkers. Its isolated position is a disadvantage; yet its
twenty or more hotels are always well patronized in “the season.”
Passengers by this line reach Boston við the Boston and Providence
Railroad in season for breakfast at the magnificent restaurant of the
Providence Depot, before continuing by the morning eastern or northern
trains.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 133
MIDDLE STATES.
New York City — the great heart of the nation, whose throbs
vibrate along the rails and magnetic wires which ramify into the re-
mote recesses of the country — will repay a visit from tourists.
But before entering upon the wonderful surroundings, and “how to
reach them,” of that huge and renowned metropolis of a continent, it
may as well be said, that it would be almost impossible to pass through
it without travelling into a portion at least of Broadway, -the mighty
artery through which surges the dense flood of life and activity of that
vast Pandemonium of civilization. And to gaze upon the masses of
vehicles of every kind, - stages, carts, drays, carriages, handcarts, run-
ning and racing, men and women, dogs, and every possible animated
and moving thing, — is a scene even more stirring and exhilarating
than are Niagara Falls, or the panoramas of the grandest mountains.
In fact, Broadway, in full activity, is “a sight,” — and well worth a
long journey to see, if one saw nothing else. Indeed, it is a bewilder-
ing wonder; and while a New-Yorker moves amid all the seeming
perils and inexpressible confusion, —
“Calm as a summer’s morning,” —
the visitor from a moderate city, or quiet town, is all aglow with excite-
ment over the strange scenes. By all means see Broadway once.
As might be expected in a city so immense, amid industries and
wealth so vast, stupendous works of various kinds are required and in
constant development. Those already completed, in progress, and in
contemplation, can hardly be enumerated. The great bridge across the
East River, the tunnel beneath the North River, the gigantic rail-
road that cuts under ground, the startling railroad that travels in the
air, the Croton-water masonry, the Central Park, the Grand Boulevard,
and numerous other marvels of progress and cost, show the expansive
energies of a million people, bent on improvement and wealth.
But New York is not a handsome city inside. Like all “huddles”
of men in huge congregation, dinginess and squalor are set beside the
brilliants of splendor and wealth. Every phase of human existence can
be found in New York, -from the filth and brutality that would make
a Hottentot blush, to the magnificence and luxury which might excite
royal envy. Edifices, public and private, upon which money and skill
have been unstintedly lavished, are numerous, of course; but the
shabby, rickety, tumble-downety shanties are far more abundant. New
York is in its full robust vigor, in fact; but many portions of it have
passed it, and have a sadly old and jaded general look. A large num-
ber of pleasure routes radiate from the city to the numerous popular
resorts for which the Empire State is famous.
134 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
NEW YORK CITY AND CATSKILLS.
New York City does not come within the design of this work, as a
place of “popular resort.” It is the great cities whose tens of thou-
Sands swarm to distant places, in pursuit of rest and recreation, when
the sun pours down its summer heats. Cities have their peculiar
points of striking interest, distinctive of art and wealth, refinement
and cultivation. These are about as well studied, in the main, at one
season as at another. Nature has there been subdued; and more formal
things usurp her claims. But all our notable cities have their fringes of
exquisite charms, replete with luxuries and delicacies, to which the mul-
titude make frequent resort; and from these prolific centres the pilgrims
in pursuit of ease or, pastime make their summer journeys. The vast
suburban regions around New York present an infinite variety of nooks
and resting-places free from heat and glare and city turmoil. To enu-
merate these in detail would be useless. If we can glance at the leading
lines of inviting travel, and places for repose, the balance can all be
taken in while thus upon the wing.
U P T H E H ITTYSON.
Taking royal precedence of all rivals, commencing at the city of New
York, is the Hudson River, —or, rather, its grand and glorious shore
views. Novelty, in describing this renowned river, has long since passed
out of the possible. Its panegyrists embrace the ablest pens and the
most gifted minds, not to speak of the hosts who have tried and failed.
Indeed, the scenery that paints the margin of the Hudson, and as far into
the remote as vision can reach, simply defies the power of descriptive
delineation in printer’s ink. The delicate and appreciative colors of the
true artist alone can exhibit the tenderness of the tints and shades; the
gently serpentine lines; the valleys and verdure; the modest undula’ion;
the sharp and rugged ascent ; the grand and majestic mountain curves
and piercing summits, with their soft haze, virgin blues, and rich, deep
purples; and all these repeated, like a dream echo, in the water mirror
between. It is genius only that can attempt to convey some grateful
idea of how the scenery of the Hudson River fascinates and delights all
minds and all grades of people, when viewed in the full glory of a robust
summer. To enjoy the river to advantage, one should make the day trip,
by steamer for Albany. What will be seen must be left for the reader
to learn by study, as he winds along the sinuous route of the river. It
will richly repay for the time and cost of the trip, as a rare painting by
nature, graced by many a gem of architecture and art.
It should be borne in mind, that along the Hudson River, and at points
not remote from its waters, are numerous memorable localities, where
PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 135
Some of the sharpest conflicts and most momentous events of the Revo-
lutionary war occurred. The holding of New York City by the British;
their efforts to extend their occupation, and that of the patriots to hem
them into as narrow a space as possible, – these, with the distractions
which attend all like scenes, stamped the still living impress of the strug-
gle upon many a field of strategy, skirmish, and battle. Of these, Forts
Washington and Lee (both close to the city) are notable; also Fort Tryon
and King's Bridge. All these spots are mentioned in histories of the
Révolution, especially the desperate battle at King's Bridge, in 1777. -
Yonkers is as familiar to a New Yorker as the Central Park.
The lover of old stories will find rare studies of old things around Pier-
mont, N.Y., more especially the jail in which Major André was confined,
and the spot where he was executed. These are at the ancient town of
Tappan, near Piermont.
Washington Irving's home, “Sunnyside,” is plainly seen on the right
as you ascend the River Hudson.
Tarrytown, N.Y., where Major André was arrested, is a notable place.
Cooper's graphic descriptions of the “Skinners” and “Cowboys’ are
laid in this region ; and Irving’s “Sleepy Hollow ’’ is also close by.
Sing Sing, N.Y., is chiefly noted for its great prison and the Croton
Aqueduct. -
Croton Point, N.Y., holds the great lake and the vast reservoirs which -
supply the city of New York with water. Some of the grandest triumphs
of modern engineering skill are here to be seen.
At Haverstraw, N.Y., Arnold and André met to arrange for the Surren-
der of West Point. It is about forty miles up the river. -
The famous “Stony Point,” the scene of “Mad” Anthony Wayne's
gallant exploit, lies just above Haverstraw, in New York State. -
Peekskill, N.Y., has several Revolutionary reminiscences in its midst.
On the opposite side of the river is the place where Capt. Kidd is said
to have buried the treasures so much sought for, but not yet found.
Ascending IIudson River, and once past Peekskill, the grand diversities
of “the Highlands” open to view, and continue to excite wonder and
admiration, beyond the power of language adequately to express. These
commence about fifty miles up the Hudson, and are probably unsur-
passed for romantic scenery by any river travel in the Old World or in the
New. To mention even the more notable, much less all the familiar fea-
tures along and near this river, or to attempt a detailed description of them,
would demand too much space. -
West Point, the most renowned fortification on this continent, stands.
at the entrance to the Highland scenery of Hudson River, N.Y., and is a
specially conspicuous object of interest to strangers. !.
Back from the Hudson River, N.Y., some dozen miles, rise the cele- ;
136 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
brated Catskill Range, or Kaats-Kills of New York, said to have
been named by the Dutch, on account of the catamounts found there.
By the Indians thay were called Ontioras, meaning “a cloud-like appear-
ance.” These mountains are a part of the great Appalachian chain,
extending from Canada East to the Gulf of Mexico. Their especial
point, however, is the range following the course of the Hudson River
for twenty or thirty miles, –lying twelve miles west, separated by the
richly productive Catskill Valley. It is at this part of the Hudson that
the landscape is the most charming; and tourists always meet with glad
surprise this, the objective point of the “Beautiful Hudson.”
The Catskill Mountains, renowned in story and in Song, have
long been famous as summer resorts. Thousands of those eager
to escape the heat and discomforts of great cities annually visit the
haunts of “Rip Van Winkle,” which Washington Irving in one of his
charming legends so gracefully portrays, where amid grand views
and picturesque scenery, the summer is passed pleasantly and rapidly
away.
The many mountain streams filled with trout, the wild unbroken
forests abounding with game, the cool temperature, and pure waters,
are among the many inducements offered to the tourist, the sportsman,
and the invalid.
The advent of the New York, Kingston, and Syracuse Railroad through
this region, opens up a new route which renders the trip both easy and
pleasant, alike to the aged and infirm, and has greatly increased the
popularity of these retreats. The little travel, time, and expense re-
quired in reaching these regions excel all other mountain resorts.
The high prices exacted for board, the reign of fashion, and whirl of
excitement, at the fashionable watering-places, deter many from seeking
that recreation which their health requires. Throughout this region, in
isolated positions and in considerable clusters, are large hotels, and
attractive boarding-houses, where, at prices ranging from six to ten
dollars per week, ample accommodation, a good table, and kind attention
await the guest.
There are two distinct routes by which tourists approach the Catskills:
one from Kingston vià the New York, Kingston, and Syracuse Railroad;
and by the old popular line by stage from Catskill Station: both of
which are described. Visitors from New-York City can go by either of
, the elegant and commodious steamers “Thomas Cornell,” or “James
W. Baldwin,” from the foot of Harrison Street; the fast and famous
steamer “Mary Powell,” from the foot of Vestry Street; the Albany
Day Boats “IDrew" or “Wibbard; ” the New York Central and Hudson
River Railroad, and the Erie Railway.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 137
APPROACH FROM KINGSTON STATION.
At Kingston, all of the above-named steamers and trains connect
daily with the New York, Kingston, and Syracuse Railroad, to the
mountain regions of Ulster, Delaware, and Greene Counties.
This company has recently purchased handsome coaches, which are
under the charge of attentive officials; and the traveller will find the trip
to the mountains easy and pleasant. As the train winds its way around
and up the mountains, gorgeous scenery surrounds him on every hand.
From the car-window the tourist looks out upon the grand, majestic
Catskills, each peak rich in romantic legends. Drinking in the pure cool
breezes of the mountains, inspired by the picturesque grandeur of the
scene, he is sure to remember it as one of the finest views that has
greeted him in any quarter of the globe.
A ride of nine miles brings the tourist to West Hurley. This is
the point of debarkation for passengers bound for the Overlook Moun-
tain House.
It is situated on Mount Overlook, the most lofty of the summit of
the Catskill range. Its height is thirty-eight hundred feet above the
level of the sea. The scenery from its peak is of the boldest and most
romantic description. The hotel has a capacity to comfortably accom-
modate five hundred guests. The telegraph, and postal facilities are
ample. The temperature is remarkably cool, the thermometer seldom
reaching higher than seventy-eight degrees.
Eighteen miles farther up the Shandaken Valley brings us to
Phoenicia. Here passengers destined for Hunter, Greene County, will
find stages in waiting. The scenery from Phoenicia to Hunter is
perhaps the most attractive of any among the Catskills. The drive
through the famous Stony Clore, and a visit to the Kauterskill Falls and
Plattekill I?avine, are of themselves sufficient to attract many to this
charming resort.
Still travelling through a beautiful valley, replete with the most
romantic scenery, the tourist arrives at Shandaken. The scenery here
is the annual study of a large number of artists : it is picturesque and
exceedingly beautiful. This is also the point of debarkation for tour-
ists crossing the “Notch,” and visiting Westkill and Lexington.
The Notch is one of the most curious features of the mountain. The
public road crosses the mountain at this point, through a narrow defile
with abrupt precipices about twelve hundred feet high on either side,
which appear to close in at the top. In summer it affords an impene-
trable shade, where snow and ice remain nearly the whole year through
in the clefts of the rock,
138 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Big Indian is thirty-six miles from Kingston at the foot of the grade
ascending Pine Hill, and about five miles from the summit grade of the
road, and is one of the most favorite resorts for trout-fishing. The
scenery is wild, and presents some of the most fascinating mountain
views.
Again taking the train, while we slowly wind and twine our way
around and up Pine Hill, we gaze with silent admiration and awe upon
the magnificence and sublimity of the scene. It is broad and grand, and
beyond the power of reproductive art.
Having crossed Pine Hill at an elevation of nearly two thousand feet
above the level of the sea, we soon glide into Margaretsville, Delaware
County. This inviting little village is delightfully situated on the banks
of the Delaware River. We are now in the vicinity of the famous fish-
ing and hunting grounds of the Beaverkill and Millbrook. There are two.
good hotels located here.
Jumping aboard the train again we soon find ourselves at Rowbury.
The tourist entering this village is at once impressed with the neatness
of its appearance, and the beauty of its location.
At Moresville passengers for Prattsville, Ashland, Windham, and
Hensonville in Greene County, will find splendid four-horse coaches in
waiting.
Prattsville. — This is an attractive little village cosily nestled among
the Catskills, and has a population of seven hundred inhabitants. Here
are located a number of fine boarding-houses.
Windham. This is the headquarters for city boarders in Greene
County. Of all the towns upon our route, none are more attractive to
the pleasure-seeker; none present more pleasant social aspects, or equal
it in its picturesque scenery, and grand surroundings.
Hensonville is a beautiful mountain village, situated about three miles
from Windham, and contains a number of first-class boarding-houses,
and is each year increasing in popularity.
Stamford, Delaware County, is the present terminus of the railroad.
This charming little village, situated over eighteen hundred feet above
the level of the Sea, will long detain the visitor by the pleasant strolls
which it invites among its shady streets, bordered by cosey residences
and elegant pleasure-grounds; by the many drives which are afforded in
its environs through inviting groves, into beautiful villages, and over
rippling brooks. Those desirous of passing the summer among the
mountains can certainly find no pleasanter accommodations, nor
more polite and kind attentions, than those we guarantee them to
receive from the hands of the inhabitants of this charming vil-
lage,
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 139
APPROACH FROM CATSIKILL STATION.
Catskill Station is most accessible by way of this river, either by rail
or steamboat: several trains and boats run daily, South from Albany, and
north from New York City, connecting with the ferry which crosses the
river to Catskill proper, including the world-renowned day-line steamers,
“C. VIBBARD,” and “DANIEL DREw,” which leave New York every
morning. A daily line of stages conveys passengers from the village
across the valley to the mountains about twelve miles off.
If the visitor is in search of mountain scenery alone, he will leave the
fashionable hotels of the river and village neighborhood, and proceed at
once by the stage-road to the terminus of the lovely valley of Catskill
Creek, where he will find himself at the seat of the hill and mountain
region.
About six miles on from the village, he will pass the ancient Dutch
hamlet of Kiskatom, and, along a mile or two, “Sleepy Hollow ’’ of
Irving's legend is seen. It is rather paradoxical to breathe here, not a
slumbering, dream-like air, but, instead, a literal “Rip Van Winkle ’’
in shape of a wide-awake hotel. Thrift and enterprise have entered into
that “Hollow ’’ with an earnestness that would bring dismay to the
charming writer who aimed to immortalize the spot as one of restful,
unchanging scene.
About two miles from the Hollow, the road turns, and ascends Pine
Orchard Mount; and here the view includes an area of ten thousand
square miles: the eye can reach four States. To the west is a varied
mountain view; to the east, a wide half-circle of etherealized blue land-
scape. “On the horizon, the Hudson Highlands, the Berkshire and
Green Mountains, unite their chains, forming a continuous line of misty
blue. The Hudson, its broad valley studded with white villages, is
stretched below for many leagues.” This view has been enthusiastically
described by some of our best American authors, and Harriet Martineau
was more moved by it than by Niagara itself. The mirage, the sunrise
over the Taghkanics, and the raging of a thunder-storm, are objects of
especial attention here.
North Mountain is reached by a path leading from the hotel of Pine
Orchard Mount which passes the Bear's Den. On the way to Pudding-
Stone Hall and to the Fairy Spring, the South Mountain is ascended: it is
a pleasant path, and the view from the summit extends over a vast
space, taking in certain peaks of New Jersey. The two Cauterskill Lakes,
about a mile and a half off, abound in fish.
An old road, exceedingly rural, leads from the broad rock platform of
Pine Orchard to Moses’ Rock, and, for a mile or two on, there spreads a
140 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
deep and well-wooded ravine. Just below are Cautersville Falls, interest-
ing as the outlet of the lakes. These falls spring over the rocky cliffs
in two jets ; the first one hundred and seventy-five feet, the second
eighty feet high. A curious performance can be here carried on by
accomplished guides, who will, by aid of a dam, and for a small fee,
effect a “freak of nature.” The natural flow of water is not at all
times, especially in summer, sufficient to display the desired effect of
the falls; and, in order to satisfy sight-seers, the water is turned on from
a dam, and the object is furnished for value received.
Bastion Falls are a quarter of a mile down the ravine, on the way to
Caulersville Clore.
This Clove is the favorite resort of artists; and the section leads
upward with gradual rise, and west to the lofty plateau of South Mountain,
passing pretty dots of brook scenery. A ravine leading from this
summit contains the famous High Rocks, and also the Fawn’s Leap Falls;
and farther along, near the outlet, is the entrance to Hain’s Falls, an
imposing cascade one hundred and fifty feet high, with one or two
less notable ones above and below. The Washington Profile Rock is near
the Ulidge, crossing on to the Clove road. Many graceful cascades occur
in the Clove stream, which follows along the slopes of High Peak; the
road passing on with it diverges at Hunter, running to the south-west,
and down to Esopus Valley near Overlook Mountain, and returning
through Stony Clove. This stream is excellent for trout-fishing.
Bunter's Glen is narrow, and wildly grand. It was originally settled
by “Cow Boys,” a band of border banditti. Near it, is the sharp
ragged peak, the Colonel’s Chair, and also Hunter Mountain.
Two miles from Hunter Hamlet a portion of Stony Clove gorge lies
continuously sunless, holding to its bosom ice-depths throughout the
year, – a fitting place for the Devil's Tombstone, which is in this gloomy
ravine. At this place we are twenty miles from Catskill village. Farther
west are the lonely glens of Lexington; and on, a distance of thirty-six
miles west of Catskill, are the far-viewing Pratt's Rocks. Looking north
towards Hudson, Mount Merino is seen overlooking Matteawans, Catskills,
Taſhkanicks, the Green Mountains, the Luzerne Mountains at Lake George,
and many miles along the Hudson.
About six miles south of the Cauterskill Clove, Plattekill Clove is
entered from Saugerties Plains by a road running along the foot of the
mountains or from the Tannersville plateau. It is an exceedingly weird,
deep-descending gorge, incased in massive cliffs, and is traversed by a
rambling brook and rough path. Black Chasm Falls are in this Clove :
they have an altitude of three hundred feet. On towards the north, High
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 141
Peak and Round Top Mountains are plainly visible. High Peak, the most
prominent of all this region, is often ascended by venturesome ladies.
The path is rough and winding, and starts from near Hain's Falls. It is
thirty-eight hundred and four feet high, and is conceded to give the most
extensive view of this region. Next in consequence is the symmetrical
Round Top, thirty-seven hundred and eighteen feet high. These two
mountains are isolated from their sisters of the range, being separated
by the deep ravines of Plattekill and Cauterskill Clove. Blackhead, near
by, and six miles north of Catskill Mountain, is a steep and cone-like
peak.
There are remaining, in adjoining counties, several hundred square
miles of merely officially explored territory. The land is scarcely
inhabited, and is a region of profound wildness. It is made up of tall,
savage-looking mountains, covered with rank forest growth, intersected
by sparkling trout-streams, forming themselves into occasional cascades,
presenting to the adventurer rare scenes of interest.
Three or four days will suffice to see the Catskills in a general detail,
a week or more, however, ought to be given to perfectly satisfy the tourist.
They are mountains of more than ordinary capacity to interest. The artist
Thomas Cole, of “Course of Empire’’ fame, made this region his home
with an enthusiasm equalling the well-known Niagara hermit ; in fact,
his well-earned and favorable reputation dated from his painting of the
Cauterskill Falls. . It is, perhaps, unnecessary to add that the visitor will
find here good accommodations. It is hoped that a future edition will
present this region, so replete with scenic beauty, fully illustrated to the
public.

142 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
ILLUSTRATED PLEASURE FROLJTE No. 124.
New York and Philadelphia, to Bethlehem, Mauch Chunk,
Wilkes Barre, Scranton, Richfield and Sharon Springs,
Howe's Cave, Saratoga, Lakes George and Champlain, the
Adirondacks, Montreal and Quebec. Also a New Route
from New York to Long Branch and North Mountain, Pa.
CENTRAL RAILROAD OF NEw JERSEY, NORTH PENNSYLVANIA, ALBANY
AND SUSQUEH ANNA, RENSSELAER AND SARA TOGA, AND NEW YORK
AND CANADA RAILROADS.
TIIE depot of the Central Railroad of New Jersey, in Jersey
City, is reached by the railroad company’s splendid ferry-boat from the
foot of Liberty Street, New York, from whence cars continue through
Northern New Jersey to Easton and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. At the
latter place connection is made with the North Pennsylvania Railroad,
leading from Philadelphia to Bethlehem, whence the route continues over
the rails of the Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad (a leased road of the
Central Railroad of New Jersey) up the valley of the Lehigh, past Scran-
ton, to Green Ridge, connecting with the Delaware and Hudson Canal
companies’ railroads, to Cooperstown, Sharon Springs, Howe’s Cave,
Albany, Saratoga, Lakes George and Champlain, Montreal, Quebec, and
the Adirondacks.
NORT II PEN NSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
Although Philadelphia has been denominated the “City of Homes,”—
and justly So, for in no place of its magnitude in the world is the
general population “housed '' in the same independent and comfortable
manner, — yet, as the Summer Solstice approaches, there is a certain
portion of the community, that, tiring of the heated streets and sultry
atmosphere, are willing to leave the clustering comforts by which they
are surrounded, and are anxious to escape into the open country, to revel
among the verdant fields and leafy groves, to listen to the murmuring
rill, or the deep diapason of the ocean's roar, to climb the mountain, or
thread the valley, and at the same time to drink in deep draughts of the
pure, life-giving air that will invigorate them for their returning duties
in the metropolis, whether their accustomed routine be business or
pleasure. One of the favorite routes leading from the city, and largely
patronized by the pleasure-seekers, is the North Pennsylvania Railroad,
running from Philadelphia to Bethlehem (with several lateral branches),
where it unites with the Lehigh and Susquehanna division of the Central
Railroad of New Jersey, and with the Lehigh Valley Railroad. From an
imposing and Well-Ordered depot at the corner of Berks and American
PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 143
Streets, easily accessible by the lines of street-cars from all points of the
city, numerous daily trains, at short intervals, are receiving the thronging
passengers, and distributing them upon their several errands ; whether
their destination be the suburban homes of which so many grace the line
of the road, or the more lengthened trip to mountain, glen, or lake
that this route offers on such favorable terms, with such excellent
accommodations.
The line of the road is singularly beautiful in a quiet and rural point
of view. Before leaving the city limits, it strikes through large planta-
tions owned by old and wealthy families, who, keeping their possessions
intact with the proper admixture of glebe and woodland, cóntribute more
to the enjoyment of the cultivated eye in viewing the beautiful results,
than would extended rows of brick and mortar. Progressing up the
road, the country opens out on either side in exceeding beauty. Valleys
stretching off for miles, dotted with hamlets, sparkling with streams, and
showing evident marks of thrift and cultivation, greet the eye, while on
many an eminence may be seen handsome and substantial mansions, sur-
rounded by grounds decorated in all the perfection of landscape-gardening.
Nor is the useful entirely subordinate to the beautiful. Several belts
of hematitic iron-ore cross the road in different localities, at each of
which may be seen the lofty stacks and puffing engines of the blast-
furnace, with the accompanying aggregation of dwellings, and other
marks of this industry upon which Pennsylvania builds so firmly the
edifice of her greatness. At Bethlehem the North Pennsylvania makes
connection with two diverging roads,-the Central Railroad of New Jersey,
leading eastward to Easton, and through New Jersey to New York City,
and northward through the Lehigh and Wyoming Valleys to Scranton, and
so on via thé Albany and Susquehanna Railroad; and also with the Lehigh
Valley Railroad, leading eastward to Easton, and northward through the
Lehigh, Wyoming, and Susquehanna Valleys, to the New York State line,
joining at that point with the Erie Railway, Ithaca and Athens, South-
ern Central, and other roads en route to Watkins Glen, Niagara Falls, the
lake system of Central New York, the Great Lakes, and all the desirable
watering-places of New York and Canada. The North Pennsylvania
route has for some years been a favorite one for pleasure-seekers; and
each season increases the number of those availing themselves of its
Speedy transit, comfortable cars, and admirable accommodations.
There are several branches striking off from the main line; at Lans-
dale, one running eastward to Doylestown, the county seat of Bucks
County, and one running westward to Norristown, the county seat of
Montgomery County; one at Abington, running to Hartsville and Hat-
boro’, flourishing villages in Montgomery County, upon all of which are
enterprising and growing towns.
144 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
PENNSYLVANIA SCENERY — UP THE LEHIGH.
THE remarkable unfolding of the mineral resources of Pennsylvania
during the last few years has developed some of the finest scenery on the
continent. Deep gorges, bold precipices, and wild ravines, heretofore
untrodden by human foot, now sparkle with the light of civilization. The
screaming locomotive, guided by science, darts into the recesses of the
mountains. Forests are levelled, valleys cleared, houses erected, cities
reared, mines opened; and the very hills pour forth their hidden treasures.
This
in du s-
trial re-
search
has open-
ed up a
new field
for pleas-
ure seek-
ers. Prob-
ably no
other lo-
cality on
the con-
tin ent
has re-
ceived a
like in-
crease of
visitors.
A few
yearſ ago
the ex-
tensive
coal re-
grion of
Pennsyl-
v an i a
Was COin-
parative- Tºº-º-º-º: º ºS
ly un- LEHIGH WALLEY, MAUCH CHUNK, PENN,
known Looking South from Mt. Pisgah,
to the tourist: now thousands visit it annually, and return filled with ad-
miration of the wild beauties it contains.


POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 145
ROUTE OF APPROACH.
The direct route of approach to the coal regions of Pennsylvania from
New York, New England, and the Provinces is by the Central Railroad
of New Jersey, its Branches and Connections, and from Phila-
delphia by the North Pennsylvania Railroad.
This also is the most direct and the shortest route from New York to
Easton, Allentown, Wilkes Barre, Reading, Harrisburg, Williamsport, the
Oil Regions, Pittsburg, and the West, and is one of the very pleasantest to
North Mountain and Watkins Glen (elsewhere described), and when con-
nected will embrace one of the finest and most varied pleasure trips on
the continent. It has also been opened as a through route from New
York and Philadelphia to Saratoga, vić, Mauch Chunk, Wilkes Barre,
Scranton, &c. (see description). We leave New York from the foot of
Liberty Street, by the Central New Jersey Railroad Company’s splendid
ferry-boats to Jersey City, from which point our route by rail commences.
The road leads at first in a general westerly direction, through a fine
agricultural region, interspersed with thriving villages and elegant
suburban residences. It is also a field replete with historic memories.
Washington's Rock, the lofty crag from which that revered general was
wont to study the position and note the movements of a foreign foe, is
plainly visible from the cars.
At Hampton Junction the “Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Rail-
road” connects for Delaware Water Gap, Scranton, Great Bend, and
Binghamton. e -
At Phillipsburg, a picturesque town built on a bold bluff on the left
bank of the Delaware River, opposite Easton, which it overlooks, the
“Central Railroad " connects with the “Morris and Essex’’ and the
“Belvidere '’ Railroads.
Easton is delightfully located at the confluence of the Lehigh and
Delaware Rivers, the former leaping over a dam of twenty-one feet at this
place. The town is approached by a magnificent bridge, one thousand
feet long, and twenty-two feet high. It is constructed of wrought iron,
resting on heavy cut-stone piers, and, including the rock-cuts in the
vicinity, cost $650,000. Beneath this pass diagonally the Canal, “ Bel-
videre Railroad,” and foot-bridge; and under all rush the waters of the
wild mountain torrent in its race to the sea.
This bridge connects the “Central New Jersey Railroad” with the
“Lehigh and Susquehanna ’’ Division on the north bank of the Lehigh,
and with the “Lehigh Valley Railroad' on the south bank. By the
latter route we continue to Bethlehem and Allentown. The picturesque
beauty of the scenery increases from Easton, the cars following the
graceful curves of the river, which is fringed and shaded by beautiful
146 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
trees, while bold hills, clothed with luxuriant foliage, compose the
background.
At Bethlehem the “North Pennsylvania Railroad,” from Philadelphia,
intersects with the “Lehigh Valley" and the “Lehigh and Susquehanna”
Roads, contributing its quota of tourists from Philadelphia and the
South. The “Lehigh and Lackawanna" Branch to Chapman's also
leads from this point. -
At Allentown the course of the river is from the north-west, up which
the “Lehigh Valley” and “Lehigh and Susquehanna" Railroads extend,
while connection is also made with the “Allentown Line; " which com-
prises the “East Pennsylvania Railroad,” thirty-six miles from Allentown
to Reading, and the “Lebanon Valley Railroad,” fifty-four miles farther,
to Harrisburg. The general course of this route is westerly. The
scenery is unusually fine; and, differing entirely in character from the
“New York and Allentown” section, it adds to the variety and pleasure
of the tourist. At Harrisburg connection is made with trains on the
“Pennsylvania and Northern Central Railroad,” affording ample facili-
ties to go North, South, or West.
THE LEHIGH WALLEY. – RE-
SIMING FROM EASTON.
The “Lehigh and Susque
hanna’’ Division of the “Cen-
tral Railroad º' connects at
Easton, and, following the tor-
tuous course of the Lehigh,
winds its picturesque way
through the mountains to the
Susquehanna at Wilkes Barre,
up which it follows to Pitts-
ton, and thence on the east
bank of the Lackawanna to
Scranton.
This is a main line, into
which lead, from every direc-
tion, branches filled with trains
burthened with the rich min-
eral products of this remark-
able region. Coal is not the only product: iron, slate, &c., are manu-
factured in great abundance.
Either of these is found in quantities sufficient to insure the wealth
and prosperity of any section of the country. These industrial pursuits
form an interesting source of information, as well as amusement, to the
COAL VEIN.

1°opui, AR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM. 147
tourist. He often gazes in amazement upon the carious mechanism and
ponderous implements employed. The enormous expenditures which
have been made to develop and frequently to prepare to develop these
enterprises, are a source of wonder. And when we realize that these
features are but adjuncts to one of the finest combinations of natural
scenery in America, we can better understand its growing popularity.
LEHIGH GAP,
(Looking Down),
Central Railroad of New Jersey.
“Soon after leaving Bethlehem, the mountains approach the bed of the
stream, and at ‘The Gap' fling themselves directly in its path, leaving no
resource but to go through them, which it has accordingly done, cleaving
the mountains from summit to base in its efforts to escape.

148 PopUI. A R is ESoſzt's. AND lioW to REACH THEM.
“It is not until the vicinity of Mauch Chunk is reached that the peculiar
features of Lehigh Valley appear in perfection.”
... mºiſº
MAUCH CHUNK, PENN.
Mt. Pisgah and “Switch-back” Railway.
This wild, picturesque, and popular re-
gion is reached from New York and Phil-
adelphia via Central New Jersey, North
Pennsylvania, and connecting railroads.





PopULA1: RESORTS, AN1) How To it i: A Cl1 THEM- 140
The arrival of the morning trains at Mauch Chunk from New York and
Philadelphia is at the hour of noon; and a hot dinner at the Mansion
House is waiting to be served. This, to the frequenter of the Lehigh
Valley, is the
on ly a n-
nouncome in t
necess a ry;
but to the
st ranger I
w ill add
that “ The
Mansion "
has no supe-
rior in this
region. It
needs but
one visit to
111sure a Sec-
ond. The cars
of the “Cen-
tral Rail-
*I wºº road of New
º º HHHHºF Jersey” stop
at the door;
and its loca-
tion on the
banks of the
Lehigh, over-
hung by rug-
- -- T-
º º -
º: # *
ºfflº
MANSION HOUSE, MAUCH CHUNK, PENN. ged moun-
Central Railroad of New Jersey. tains, all
clothed with the fragrant rhodendron, is picturesque to the last degree.
The visitor to Mauch Chunk is advised to go without any pre-arrange"
plans. It is not a place to “do” by programme, as many tourists travel.
It contains too much, has too many features of interest, so startling in
their character, so grand in conception, and so beautiful in detail, that
any previous plan of operations must in execution fall to nought. It is
better to go untrammelled.
After finding yourself comfortably domiciled, go first to the veranda
on the front of the house, and leisurely study the scene, an engraving of
which is here with submitted. It is truly a wonderful view, pleasing in
art, yet far more so in nature. A glimpse of the entrance to the town
shows through the narrow street to the left. Splendid residences cling

|
i |
|
§
º
. | º º
li i
| |
*
s
H
|
--
|Fººl
|
|
|
|
|
|
#
º º



































POPULAR RESORTS. ANI). HOW TO in EACH THEM. 151
to the hillside beyond, over which a few marble monuments indicate the
village cemetery. Beyond this we take the cars for the “Switch-back”
Railway. The “dam ” in the left middle ground throws the water into
the canal,
w h o se
b o a ts,
I o a d e d
with the
“b la c k
diamonds” of this region, we have seen
by the wayside. Immediately before
the door is the platform of the “Cen-
tral Railroad of New Jersey,” where
passengers are left and received from
every train. The light iron bridge leads
to the depot of the “Lehigh Valley Railroad,” on the opposite side of the
river. Bear Mountain is the central feature of the landscape.
But the mountain on the right receives the greatest homage from
visitors. From the “Flagstaff.” on its summit you get the view sug-
gested by the above engraving, though vastly superior. It is too
extensive, too grand, to receive justice from the artist's pencil. The
topography of the whole country is spread out before you. It seems a
moving diorama, through which you trace the serpentine windings of the
Lehigh Valley, with its river, its railroads, and canals.
THE FLAGSTAFF,


152 Popular: RESORTs, AND How to REACH THEM.
An excursion over the “Switch-back" Railroad will also be in order.
Strictly speaking, the “Switch-back" has ceased to exist, and a gravity
road has taken its place; but the name remains. The first improve-
ment in the “Switch-back” Railroad – for conveying coal from the mines
about Summit Hill, ten miles distant, to the boats of the “Coal Navi-
gation Company” at Mauch Chunk – was by employing gravity one way,
the grade being sufficient to insure this. Mules were taken down on the
train to draw the cars back. This was subsequently improved by the
construction of planes over the intervening elevations, Mt. Pisgah and
Mt. Jefferson, up which the cars were drawn by stationary engines on
their summits; the altitude thus gained being sufficient to turn the grade
to Summit
// //, to
which place
the cars re-
turned by
their own
gravity.
This means
of trans
portation all-
swered well
its purpose
until the
great do
m and for
the anthra-
cite coal of
the “L e-
high ' war-
ranted the
construction
of a steam
railroad, -
the cutting
of solid rocks
asunder, and
piercing the
MT. PSGAH PLANE. mountain
* Switch-back" Railroad, Mauch Chunk, Penn. barriers with
tunnels. The success of this last enterprise relieved the “Switch-back,”
or, more properly, “Gravity” Road; but the opening of this region at
this time as a “popular resort" suggested the use of the “Switch-back "

E.
º Ž º
Engraved expressly for “Bachelder's Popular Resorts, and How to Reach Them."
I. Moyer's Rock. ONOKO STATION, MAUCH CHUNK, PA. 3. Lehigh Valley R.R.
2. Central R.R. of New Jersey. 4. Glen Onoko

154 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
as a pleasure route for excursionists. Passenger cars have been substi-
tuted; and the same powerful machinery used for coal-cars is now
applied to the light pleasure traffic. Carriages from the depots and the
hotels take passengers to the base of Mt. Pisgah, though it is but a
short distance for those who prefer to walk; and the fine scenery will
repay the effort. The plane of Mt. Pisgah rises one foot in three
for 2,322 feet. The cars are drawn up by a stationary engine on the top,
connecting with an iron band six and one-half inches wide, which runs
over a drum eighteen feet in diameter. The passenger car is followed
by a safety car, supplied with a long iron bar following in a “ratchet,”
which, in case of breakage of engine or bands, securely holds the cars
against accident; and its efficiency may be judged by the fact that
there has never yet been an accident. On reaching the summit of Mt.
Pisgah, the car starts by its own gravity down the opposite grade. Its
course is gradual, following the tortuous sinuosities of the sur-
face; now glancing under the shade of broad-spreading trees, for a
moment refreshing all with their cooling shade ; anon skirting the brink
of a beetling crag, unfolding glimpses of the changing scenes below.
Now we glide along the mountain side, and skim through the valleys,
clearing at a bound the noisy streams which foam and boil far down
among the rocks.
The ride is exhilarating beyond description. Without motive power,
we seem to fly through the air. The winter coasting which delighted our
childhood days tames in comparison. -
The car is under the complete control of the brakemen. It would
acquire a speed of forty-five miles an hour, but is kept at eighteen. Six
miles our downward course is held, to the base of Mt. Jefferson, up which
we are drawn as before, and again descend a single mile to Summit Hill,
where a half-hour's stay is made. This is a mining hamlet, whose chief
attraction to the tourist is the “Burning Mine,” which has been on fire
since 1832. The homeward ride is pleasant : we have no more planes to
rise; our altitude is sufficient to give the grade, down which we glide
mine miles to the point of starting. The pleasure of the party increases;
familiarity with the Scene has banished the fear of fancied dangers; and
all return feeling that they have received an unusual amount of satisfac-
tion for a dollar; and not unfrequently repeat it the next day.
It would seem that enough objects of interest about Mauch Chunk have
already been described to insure its popularity; but the most beautiful
feature remains,— Glen Onoko. Two miles above the village this
fascinating spot is located. Cars by the “Central Railroad of New Jersey,”
and “Lehigh Valley Railroad,” make several trips daily. It consists of
a depression in the mountain, from which a fiery stream springs a thou-
sand feet b successive leaps to the valley below, forming among the
POPULAR RESORTS, ANI) HOW TO REACH THEM. . 155
rocks and precipices a rare combination of waterfalls and cascades, which
are clothed with deep evergreen foliage, and ornamented by the bright
flowers of the rhododendron. At much time and expense a good path,
stairways, and rustic bridges have been constructed, to facilitate the
visitor. The accompanying “cut” of Onoko Station will convey a good
idea of the locality, which is known to boatmen as the “Turn-Hole,”
from the “eddy” in the river formed by the current. The bluff on the
left, through which the “Lehigh and Susquehanna” Division of the
“Central Railroad of New Jersey” passes by tunnel, is properly known
as Moyer's Rock, and possesses a traditional interest. The story is
told in this wise: During the early settlement of the country, a noted
hunter and Indian-fighter, living in Mahoning Valley, four miles south,
who had hitherto eluded all attempts at capture, was surrounded, taken
prisoner, and disarmed, by five Indian warriors, and left on the summit of
this rock for security, guarded by two of their number, while the others
hunted for game. Moyer was Sorely perplexed. To fight alone two armed
Indians was not to be thought of ; and long he pondered. Suddenly
starting, he listened intently, then relaxed into his former quiet. The
Indians watched him unmoved. Again he started ; and, creeping to
the very brink, throwing into his countenance all the interest he could
command, he gazed intently down. The ruse succeeded : overcome by
curiosity, the Indians unguardedly moved to his side, and sought to
discover the source of interest; when, with the spring of the tiger, he
seized and dashed them to the rocks below.
The visitor to Glen Onoko should be well shod and suitably clothed,
the refreshing coolness of the atmosphere rendering an extra “wrap *
acceptable. The successive cascades, waterfalls, and other objects of
interest, at Glen Onoko have each received appropriate names, and are
worthy an individual description; but there are so many other interesting
features of this picturesque region which demand a passing notice, that
we must leave details to local guides.
Mauch Chunk is not, as many Suppose, a mining town, but is, rather,
the great coal-depot or shipping-mart of the Lehigh Valley. The pro-
duction of coal is a subject of growing interest to the people of America;
and, although it is not within the province of this volume to enter into a
detailed description of the manner of working a coal-mine, yet a few
lines for the benefit of those who would like to investigate the subject
while in this region will be in place. The coal is found in veins of
various thickness, and differently situated,—sometimes level, sometimes
curved, often at an angle, and occasionally cropping out at the surface,
from which the entrance is made. The experienced geologist can predict
with approximate correctness the location of a vein of coal, and estimate
the thickness of the overlying strata which must be pierced to reach it.
156 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
Sometimes these tunnels enter at the upturned edge of the vein, and
COAL BREAKER.
descend with its inclination,
and are termed slopes. These
apertures are generally about
eleven feet wide by seven feet
high, and contain two rail-
ways, - one for the descend-
ing and one for the ascending
cars, –and a “pump way” (for
the mine must be continually cleared by the most powerful pumps), and
a travelling or “man way.” The slopes vary in length, frequently
descending to great depths, passing at times under towns and rivers.
The longest slopes in the anthracite regions are at New Philadelphia, or
Lewis Wein, 2,700 feet; and at Diamond Wein, which is from 2,800 to 3,000
feet: these are on an incline of about 45°. “Gangways" are turned
off to the right and left; and in working the coal a “pillar” is left every
few feet which sustains the overlying strata of rock, and prevents it
falling in.
<-- ---
----------
---
************.
MIN E.




PopULAR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM. 157
Within a distance of from two to five miles from the town of Wilkes
Barre, through which this route leads us, there are worked over forty
mines, producing in some cases 1,500 tons of coal daily from a single mine.
The “Nesquehoning Valley Branch Railroad” leads from Mauch
Chunk, and, connecting with the “Catawissa Railroad,” extends to
Williamsport, a distance of ninety-two miles.
This route is noted for the wildness of its scenery, its deep ravines,
and high bridges, and must eventually become very popular with the
pleasure-seeker.
From
Mau ch
C h unk
north -
ward the
Lehigh
Valley is
little bet-
ter than
a cafion
enclosed
between
h i g h
mountain
walls, at
who se
base the
ſº º ; - : . * tº narrow
# =\ º º §§l stre a m
º º - tumbles
º a n d
fo am s :
its waters
now dis-
playing
the rich
a m be r
h u e
which
they have
distilled
THE LEHIGH. from the
Looking North from Mount Pisgah, Mauch Chunk. roots and
Central Railroad of New Jersey.
plants in
the swamps around their source, now white from their encounter with rock

158 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
or fall. High rocks hang directly overhead, and threaten to fall at any
moment upon the trains which constantly roll beneath : branches wave,
and flowers blossom on the hillside, so close to the railroad track that the
passengers can almost reach them without leaving their seats. Here and
there a miniature waterfall springs from the mountain top, and glances,
a ribbon of foam and spray, to the river at its foot; and at frequent
intervals ravines cut in the mountain side present a confusion of rocks
and wood and water to the eye of the traveller as he flashes by. Traced
back a little from their mouths, these glens often show a wealth of
beauty, a succession of Snowy cascades, transparent pools, and romantic
nooks, which are an ever fresh surprise to the explorer.
At Penn Haven, seven miles above Mauch Chunk, the “Lehigh Valley
Railroad' connects with the “Mahanoy, Beaver Meadow, and Hazelton’’
Branches. The “Lehigh Valley” here crosses the river, and runs on the
east bank to White Haven.
Fifty years ago this whole valley was a wilderness, with one narrow
wagon-road crawling at the base of the hills beside a mountain torrent,
which defied all attempts to navigate it. Now the mountain walls make
room for two railroads and a canal; but the tawny waters of the stream
are nearly as free as ever. Here and there, indeed, a curb restrains
them; and Once an elaborate system of dams and locks tamed the wild
river, and made it from Mauch Chunk to White Haven a succession of
deep and tranquil pools. “But one day in 1862 the waters rose in their
might. Every dam was broken, every restraint swept away; and from
White Haven to Mauch Chunk the stream ran free once more. The
memory of that fearful day is still fresh in the minds of the dwellers of
the valley; and the bed of the torrent is still strewn with the wrecks that
went down before its wrath.” . . .
Nescopec Junction is a place of little importance; but the
“Nescopec Branch Railroad "leads nine miles into a valley filled with
wild and picturesque scenery.
This whole region is strange to the visitor. The valleys are deep, the
precipices are bold and high, and the mountains steep. Even the waters
rush with greater violence than in tamer countries. But the public will
soon understand this scenery better. The artists, the pioneers of pleas-
ure travel, have already heard of it, and each year visit it in increasing
numbers. Soon the tide will set up this valley, hotels will be in demand
to meet it, and the press will herald its praises. -
Persons residing in our large cities hardly realize how quickly and for
how small a sum these romantic places can be enjoyed. The morning
train from New York or Philadelphia takes you to Mauch Chunk in
season for dinner, — dinner steaming hot at the Mansion House. The
“Switch-back ’’ and Glen Onoko can be visited in season to return at
night.
PopUIAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH the M. 159
The subjoined description of the Nescopec region is from “Lippincott's
Magazine: ”—
“We walked about a half-mile along a wood-road, struck into a foot-
path, a u d
followed it a hun-
dred yards or so,
and without warn-
ing walked out on
a flat rock, from
which we could at
first see nothing
but fog, up, down,
or around. It was
a misty morning;
but we made out
Nescopec Valley. to understand that
we were on the verge of a precipice, which fell sheer down into a tre-
mendous abyss; and when the fog lifted we looked out upon miles and
PROSPECT ROCK.

160 PopULAR RESORTS, ANI). How To REACH THEM.
miles of valleys, partly cleared, but principally covered with primeval
forests. We were on Prospect Rock.
“Presently our guide took us by a roundabout way to Cloud Point.
This is a commanding projection on the other side of the glen; and here
a still wider view – another, yet the same — lay before us. There is
something indescribably grand in the solitude of this scene, - forests
of giant trees lifting high
their heads, in places, where
growths for thousands of
years have stood before,
through which peer rough-
visaged rocks which the
hand of Time has failed to
smooth. We gazed with de-
light on the beautiful land-
scape, then descended into
Glen Thomas, a gem of
v, ***Cº-º-ºwº
CLOUD POINT, UPPER LEHIGH. scenic loveliness; fresh in
its pristine beauty and granduer.

PopUI.AR REsonºrs, AND How to 1:EACH ruite M. 161
“Our visit was made on the first of May. We found here min.
iature glaciers, formed by the water falling over
the rocks, the ice three feet and more in thick-
ness; while not a hundred yards away May-flow-
ers were blooming in fragrant abundance. This
region is filled with an untold wealth for the artist
and lover of nature.” And the time is not far
distant when the travelling public, wearied by
oft-repeated visits to old resorts, will demand the
opening of these fresh and charming scenes. -
From White Haven to the “Summit,” on the
main lime, the landscape is more tame: the soil is
poor; and the trees present that stunted appear-
ance usual at high latitudes. But this brief
respite tends to make the startling scenery
through which the road soon passes mºsº
even more effective. Having passed |ºl
the crest of Wilkes Barre Mountain,
the train glides rapidly down the
opposite grade, and soon enters that
wonderful gorge known as Solo-
mon's Gap, the scene of the an-
nexed engraving. This is the head
of a system of planes by which
loaded cars from the coal-fields be-
low are raised by the Company of the
Central Railroad of New Jersey.
We get here the first glimpse of
“Wyoming Valley,” which we are ap-
proaching at right angles. The Sus-
quehanna can be seen in the valley,
beyond which ranges of mountains
rise in the blue distance. In altitude
we are far, far above the Wyoming
Valley; and the construction of the
road by which it was reached was a ||| º --
rare feat of engineering skill. It is º º º
- º |
º
º
but three miles in an air-line to the ſº -
small village of Ashley, seen below; § º ".
yet, to overcome the grade, for eighteen GLEN THOMAS.
miles the cars glance along the mountain sides, following in its zigzag
course its varied irregularities.












Engraved erpressly for Bachelder's “Popular Resorts, and How to Reach Theºn."
I, Lehigh Valley SOLOMON'S GAP, 3. Ashley,
Railroad. 4. Stationary Engine and
2. Susquehanna, Railroad " Plane."

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 163
We enter the gorge, and turn to the right, while across the valley can
be seen the line of the “Lehigh Valley" Road, which, having kept us
company from Bethlehem, now turns around the point to the left, to
meet us twenty minutes later at the town below. The view from a
half-mile below Solomon's Gap is remarkable. (See engraving.) Its
composition varies so decidedly from any witnessed in the Lehigh Val-
ley, that it always awakens feelings of surprise and awe. Here, sur-
rounded by scenes of the wildest grandeur, the beautiful Wyoming
Valley bursts like a flood of light suddenly upon you. The train glides
smoothly on, the scene unfolds, and we are soon at Ashley, near the foot
of the mountain.
From Ashley, ninety miles from Easton, the “Nanticote Branch Rail-
road '' extends twelve miles to Nanticote, on the . Susquehanna River.
Wilkes Barre, ninety-nine miles from Easton, is located in Luzerne
County, in the Valley of Wyoming, on the north branch of the Susque-
hanna. At this place visitors to the “North Mountain House" change
to the “Lackawanna and Bloomsburg’” Road; but it will be better to
spend the night at Wilkes Barre. Fortunately they will find at the
“Wyoming Valley Hotel” a house replete with every thing necessary for
the comfort of guests. It is pleasantly located on the banks of the Sus-
quehanna, of which it commands some charming views. - -
The town of Wilkes Barre possesses historical associations of rare
interest : its tragic deeds have oft been the theme of the historian's pen
and the poet's muse. It is also a well-built town, and its surroundings
are pleasant; and it will, withal, prove an interesting place of sojourn
for tourists.
From Pittston, nine miles above Wilkes Barre, the road leaves the Sus-
quehanna, and follows the course of the Lackawanna twelve miles,
through Scranton to Green Ridge, where it connects with the “Delaware
and Hudson Railroad ‘’ for Cooperstown, Sharon, and Saratoga Springs,
Albany, Lake George, Lake Champlain, Montreal, &c.
“From New York and Philadelphia, the tourist to Saratoga, Watkins.
Glen, Niagara Falls, and the West is, by this route, transported through
a wild and picturesque region, comparatively unknown to tourists. Much
of the scenery is unlike that of any other section of the country; and, if
only to gain a knowledge of the operation of the mammoth collieries of
Pennsylvania, which have been scarcely alluded to in this article, it will
amply repay an excursion on the ‘Central Railroad of New Jersey,’ its
connections and branches.” -
164 PopULAR REsofºrs, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
If the tourist contemplates a through trip from Philadelphia or New
York by the route described, Scranton will be found the natural place to
spend the night; and for this purpose, or longer, good accommodations
will be found at the Lackawanna Valley or “Wyoming.” Hotels.
LACKAWANNA VALLEY HOUSE.
Three railway lines centre at Scranton, — the Lehigh and Susque-
hanna, over which we have come; the Delaware, Lackawanna, and
Western ; and the Lackawanna and Bloomsburg. In addition is the
Pennsylvania Coal Company's Gravity Railroad, of which a fuller de-
scription will be given.
A half-hour's drive into the suburbs along a romantic and pictur-
esque road leads to a deep cañon, which the writer has christened
Scranton Gorge, through which rushes a wild, turbulent stream,
hemmed in by towering trees, and bounded by ramparts of stone, popularly
known as Roaring Brook. As its name suggests, and from the descrip-
tion already given, the reader will see that this is one of those romantic
dells always pleasing to the lover of Nature in her wildest moods. The
stream, which is of the purest water, comes frolicking down the moun-
tain side, now leaping some slight obstruction or miniature cascade;
now, overhung by rock or vine, it moves lazily along, till at last the
brink is reached, and, with a startled leap, down it springs, a beautiful
cascade, into the shadowy depths of Scranton Gorge. To this an Indian
name is given : they call it Nayaug Falls.

Engraved expressly for Bachelder's “Popular Resorts, and How to Reach Them."
NAYAUG FALLS, SCRANTON GORGE.
Near Scranton, Penn.

166 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM.
But Scranton's great attraction is the “Switchback,” over Moosie
Mountain and the Highlands beyond, via the Pennsylvania Coal Com-
pany's road, from Scranton to Hawley on the Delaware, thirty-five miles
distant. This is the longest gravity road in the world. As a pleasure
route it is comparatively new, and is so entirely unlike ordinary pleasure
routes that it is sure to become one of the attractions of this region.
Preceding its description, the reader should have a brief history of this
remarkable road, which, although in character not of unusual construc-
tion in the mining regions, is elsewhere of very uncommon occurrence.
Although it has for
many years formed
an important link
in the system of
coal transportation -
in Pennsylvania, its
history abroad is very limited. -
Strangers visiting Scranton º
manifested such interest in it, *... º
that the management deter- *\s
- Engraved expressly for Bachelder's “Popular Resorts, and
mined to shorten the route, and How to Reach. Them."
Place excursion cars on the switcheack RAILROAD, Moosic HIGHLANDs.
tracks to accommodate them. Scranton, Penn.
To increase the facilities for coal-transportation to market, it became
necessary to construct a railroad from Scranton thirty miles across a
mountainous country to the village of Hawley. To grade such a road for
locomotive use was found simply impracticable; but the difficulty was
overcome by erecting stationary engines on the summits of the moun-


PopULAR RESORTS, AND IIow To REACH THEM. 167
tains; from these a broad iron band extends down, and attaches to the
car; by this you are drawn to the mountain top, from which the road
again descends on the opposite slope, not direct, but following at an
angle along the side, falling at easy grade, governed safely by the brake.
The descent on the opposite side is frequently by a circuitous route
of many miles. When fully made, and another mountain reached, the
cars are drawn up this as before, and again descend. And so by nine-
teen planes the route is passed for thirty-five miles and back. To the
uninitiated the first thought will be danger. The best answer is, that
in many years of constant use for passenger travel (for since its con-
struction it has been used as such by the local inhabitants), not an
accident has occurred. The same machinery that lifts the light cars
with living freight constantly draws six loaded coal cars of more than
ten times the weight.
---
------> *
Engraved erpressly for Bachelder's “Popular Resorts, and How to Reach Them."
Jon ES LAKE, SWITCHBACK RAILROAD.
The most attractive section of this route is between Plane No. 6 at
Dunmore, at which station tourists usually embark, and No. 19 near that

168 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
charming little sheet of water, Jones Lake. Plane No. 19 is only
fourteen miles distant, and is on the return route from Hawley; but it is
reached by a connecting track, allowing tourists, when they desire, to
cross to Jones Lake, and have several hours at this delightful spot while
the balance of the train has completed the entire trip to Hawley and
back.
Moosic Mountain, or Moosic Highlands, as the section crossed by
the “Switchback" Railroad is commonly termed, is a spur of the Blue
Ridge. The line of the road passes beyond over an undulating country
to the Delaware River at Hawley, intersecting with cars and canal for
the Hudson via Port Jervis. The outward trip is by the “loaded track,”
as it is termed, as the coal-cars go by it loaded; the “light track" is
that by which we return.
Language fails to describe the singular sensation produced by a ride on
these cars. If in winter we coast down the slippery hillside, or if in
summer we “scud before the wind” in a sail-boat, the mind, from early
associations, has been prepared for the sport; but this is a new expe-
rience which cannot fail to please.
The “first
sensation" ex-
perienced by
the tourist is
while ascend-
ing Plane No.
6, from Dun-
more. The
signalisgiven,
and the cars
start with a
throb. Up, up
they go above
the village,
above the tree-
tops, above the
checkered city
which now lies
at your feet,
above the broad valley, each moment opening wider to view, and through
which in tortuous course winds the Lackawanna, above the mountains
on your right and left, till the whole landscape gradually unrolls, and
like a map lies spread out before you. This sensation is so magical,
so exhilarating, that it rises above the ordinary forms of description.
WYOMING HOUSE.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 169
Between Dunmore and Jones Lake there are seven inclined planes, each
two thousand feet in length, and each having an elevation of two hun-
dred feet. At least two of them are usually overcome before the tourist
has settled himself down for a full appreciation of the situation, and he
is then prepared to enjoy the novelty of the scene.
DELAWARE AND HUDSON CANAL COMPANY'S RAILROADS.
From Scranton the route continues past Green Ridge, the terminus of
the Central New Jersey’s leased road, the Lehigh and Susquehanna
Railroad, and Carbondale, a city of marked enterprise and thrift, to the
junction of the Nineveh Branch with the Albany and Susquehanna
Railroad. Although the scenery from Philadelphia and New York to
Scranton varies continually, and presents new charms with every mile
of road, that from Scranton to this place will be found exceedingly
attractive. After being whirled along a route hemmed in by scenes of
the wildest grandeur, it is a relief to change to pleasing landscape,
where the lines melt in harmony, and are clothed with the picturesque.
The train on the “Albany and Susquehanna ’’ with which we inter-
sect is from Binghamton, with passengers from that city, Elmira, Wat-
kins Glen, and the West, en route to the same points of interest to which
we are bound.
Our route in a north-easterly direction lies along the banks of the
Susquehanna, whose placid waters move lazily on in remarkable contrast
to the turbulent Lehigh, up which we have so recently passed. We
cross and recross the stream as we glide onward through this fruitful
agricultural region, — a fine rolling country with broad fields sweeping
down to the river-banks, dotted here and there with thrifty farm-houses,
and interspersed with flourishing villages.
Cooperstown, on a branch road to the left, will next attract the
attention of the tourist. &
“This popular resort is the county seat of Otsego County, N.Y., and
is situated at the south end of Otsego Lake. It is one of the literary
Meccas of America; for here was the home of J. Fenimore Cooper, and
in these scenes he wrote those wonderful American, stories, which the
English-reading world have placed on a level of popularity with the
undying fictions of Walter Scott. In his ‘Deerslayer,’ he describes
the lake and surrounding hills. A late guide-book says, “The same
points still exist which “Leather-Stocking ” saw. There is the same
beauty of verdure along the hills; and the sun still glints as brightly as
then the ripples of the clear water.” The whole region is full of interest,
because of the creations of Cooper's genius; and his romances have a
new zest and beauty when read amid the scenes that inspired them.
170 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
The surroundings of the lake are all beautiful; and the entire region is
full of interest. In close proximity are several favorite resorts accessible
by a small steamer which runs on the lake, which is widely famed for
its bass and pickerel fishing.”
Two miles out from the village is Hannah’s Hill, made celebrated
by the great novelist Cooper, as a summit furnishing the most be-
witching of scenery, the beautiful lakes of his much-loved Cumberland
scarcely competing with them. It is also said, that the name “Hannah”
was given in compliment to Cooper, it being the name of his favorite
daughter.
From this elevation, only two miles eastward from the village, is seen
Mount Vision overlooking the enchanting Otsego Lake, of which Cooper sang
in charming prose verse, “A broad sheet of water, so limpid and placid
that it resembled a bed of the pure mountain atmosphere compressed into
a setting of hills and woods. Nothing is wanted but ruined castles and
recollections, to raise it to the level of the Rhine.”
Near Hannah's Hill is Leather-Stocking Cave, only a mile and a half
from the village; and Leather-Stocking Falls, or The Panther's Leap, is at the
top of a wild gorge near by, and at the head of Otsego Lake. Council
Rock is a mile or two on, a round-topped surface, five feel liigli, where
the Indian tribes of “long ago” were given to meet, and form their
treaties.
The Cooper House furnishes first class accommodations to tourists who
may visit this beautiful village and its many points of interest in the
neighborhood. “The Susquehanna River takes its rise in Otsego Lake,
and after winding through forest defiles, across broad meadow lands,
past rural hamlets and pretentious cities, for nearly four hundred miles
in a southerly direction, finally rushes through the outstretched arms of
Chesapeake Bay into the welcome bosom of the Atlantic Ocean.”
Cooper's Monument forms a lasting memorial of a great man, and is a
silent reminder that the visitor treads historic ground.
Richfield Springs. – “These springs, long and favorably known,
are in Otsego County, N.Y., in the vicinity of Cooperstown, and seven
miles distant from Otsego Lake, which is one of the sources of the Sus-
quehanna. The great river of Pennsylvania here extends his arms, and
intwines his fingers with the tributaries of the Mohawk, as if to divert
that gentle river from its allegiance to the Hudson. The village of Rich-
field Springs is situated on a narrow plain near the head of Schuyler's
Lake, which is five miles in length, and a mile and a quarter at its
greatest breadth. This little lake is surrounded with high hills on every
side except the northward; and, being but a mile from the Springs,
forms the principal attraction for visitors. According to tradition, the
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 171
waters of these springs were sought for their medicinal virtues, by the
Indians, long before the advent of the white men. A healing prophet
of the Iroquois dwelt on an island in the midst of the lake ; and the suf-
fering came to him, to be cured by the waters he secured at night and
conveyed secretly to his retreat. But the Great Spirit became angered
at his pride, and sunk him and his island beneath the deep waters.”
These springs may also be reached by rail vià Delaware, Lackawanna,
and Western Railroad.
Returning to the main line of the “Albany and Susquehanna,” the
road continues to follow the same interesting valley, with water views,
hills, and rich cultivated scenery on either side. The country has an
inviting look. At Cobles Kill Junction the “Cherry Valley Branch "
train is in waiting to take us to Sharon Springs, fourteen miles
to the left.
This famous summer resort is in Scoharie County, and has since 1830
maintained its full share of popular favor. The village of Sharon is a
mile or two from the station, with coaches in constant attendance; and
during the “season’’ the hurry and excitement of getting off is just suf-
ficient to spice the occasion, and gives us a reminder of the days when
this popular place was reached entirely by stages, as are most of the
Virginia springs at this time. Sharon seems to be located in and
around a valley scooped out of the northern face of a ridge of land.
Although in a valley you are still on a hill, as can be best seen from the
broad veranda of the Pavilion Hotel, which, facing the north, com-
mands one of the most extensive and satisfactory views known in the
State, – the rich valley of the Mohawk bounded by mountain chains in
blue, rising in the north, extending even to the Adirondacks, and the
Green Mountains of Vermont. -
The immediate location of the springs is in a ravine hemmed in by
vine-clad precipices hundreds of feet high. Among stately groves of
primitive trees, serpentine walks and rustic seats add to the cultivated
charms of the scene; but the great attraction and wonder is the springs,
five in number, chalybeate, white sulphur, blue sulphur, magnesia,
and pure water, all of which gush from the ground within a few feet
of each other, and form the great attraction which annually fills this
romantic village.
Having returned to the Albany and Susquehanna main line, we are in
close proximity to one of the most noble natural curiosities in the land,
– Howe's Cave; and yet so little is known of it abroad that the tour-
ist may find it difficult, even a few miles away, to gain any reliable
information about this wonderful freak of nature.
Howe's Cave is within a gunshot of the station of the same name,
and is said to be the second in size in the United States. It is esti-
172 PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM.
mated to be eight miles long, with many portions yet unexplored. The
author, in company with a party of ladies, visited the first two miles
of it in 1874 with the most satisfactory results. Being somewhat pressed
for time, and not having taken this “stop” into account, the thought
occurred that this cavern could be visited as well at night as by day;
and it was arranged to spend the night at the Cave House, which, by
the way, we found one of the most homelike places on our tour.
- - Erºğ
- - - -- º:
Fº- - - --->
Žº Nº-º-º: %fº
--~~~~~ --> - - --- -- rº-
Zºtºvº- - - -- T
º
#| ||iº
F.T. ſºlº
- º ºfeº - ºº: --
=ſº º º
l - º
º
º -
º
º
ºl-
CAVE HOUSE, HOWE'S CAVE.
The house is built of stone, finished in hard wood, with accommo-
dations and appointments so comfortable and chaste, and grounds so
well kept, that it seems more like a private villa than a public hotel.
The size is its only drawback, and it will doubtless be enlarged to meet
the increasing demands of travel. It will always be safe, however, to
stop over a train, which will allow time for dinner, and to examine the
cave, and by previous arrangement longer stop could be made if desired.
We visited it in the evening ; the passage for the first three-fourths
of a mile was lighted by gas (I think the only cave that is so lighted).
And here it may be said, that to this point any person, lady or gentle-

PoPULAR RESORTs, AND How To REACH THEM. 173
man, can go, who is physically able to make the same distance on a coun-
try road artificially lighted. Beyond that it is more difficult, though the
ladies of our party found no trouble. Generally, it is comparatively dry
walking, in places wet, and inclined to be slippery on the moistened
clay, for which reason a heavy leather boot is preferable to rubber.
The entrance is not from, but in close proximity to, the house, and is
by a descending stairway to the “Reception-Room,” an apartment of
considerable dimensions. It possesses an even temperature of sixty
degrees the entire year, rendering it comparatively warm in winter, and
delightfully cool in summer. There is good air, with free circulation.
The floorway to the lake, about three-fourths of a mile, has been
improved, and is comparatively level; and along this section, also, several
artificial cuttings have greatly facilitated the passage. The cave is
nowhere for any considerable distance of the same dimensions. It
lowers in places until you are glad you are no taller than you are, then
widens and increases in height until the top is lost in obscurity, and can
only be measured by a string attached to a lighted hot-air balloon.
Among the names given to different localities are “The Reception
Room,” “Washington Hall,” “Bridal Chamber,” “Chapel,” “Harlequin
Tunnel,” “Cataract Hall,” “Ghost-Room, or Haunted Castle,” “Music
Hall,” “Stygian or Crystal Lake,” across which you are ferried. Be-
yond the lake are “Plymouth Rock,” “Devil’s Gateway,” “Museum,”
“Geological Rooms,” “Uncle Tom's Cabin,” “Giant's Study,” “Pirate's
Cave,” “Rocky Mountains,” “Valley of Jehoshaphat,” “Winding Way,”
and “Rotunda.” These are among the names given to different sec-
tions by Mr. Howe the discoverer, or by visitors. Stalactites and stalag-
mites are everywhere to be seen. A stream of running water comes
from the cave. This is influenced by the seasons, and is subject to
rapid rises and heavy floods, sweeping with it every movable thing
left therein. Indeed, this phenomenon has been utilized to clear the
cavern of surplus earth and other débris. There are several side pas-
sages yet unexplored, in which the sound of running water can be
heard. Howe's Cave possesses the advantage of easy access, only thirty-
nine miles from the city of Albany, on the line of a prominent rail-
road, and within a gunshot of one of its stations; and, with good hotel
accommodations, it is not surprising that it is now receiving so much
attention. There are other and smaller caves in this vicinity, but this
was only recently discovered; and, for considerable time, Mr. Howe's
familiarity with such scenes caused him to forget that what might be
so simple a thing to him would be a curiosity of great interest to
others. And it is only of recent date that preparations have been made
to accommodate all who come. Tourists will also be glad to learn that
this cavern is located in the midst of beautiful scenery, sufficient of
*
174 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
itself to attract attention. The reader will have seen that this entire
region, since we struck the “Albany and Susquehanna,” is admirably
adapted to summer recreations. This may be said particularly of
Schoharie.
This place is the county seat of Schoharie County, N.Y., and is
located thirty-three miles from Albany, in one of the loveliest and
most picturesque valleys of the Empire State. Its splendid drives
along the banks of the Schoharie River, and its mountain Scenery, is
unsurpassed. From the top of the Sager-Warner Mountain, four miles
east of the village, the tourist has spread out to view an extent of terri-
tory as far as the eye can reach. To the south he sees the Catskill
Mountains, to the north the Adirondacks, to the east the Green Moun-
tains of Vermont, and to the west a vast expanse of hill and dale.
Three miles to the west of Schoharie is located the famous Howe's
Cave. Sharon Springs is but twenty miles from Schoharie, and Saratoga
Springs but twenty-six miles. A trip can be made by rail to either of
these places, and return the same day. Two good hotels in the village
are specially adapted for summer visitors. The Parrott House accom-
modates about a hundred and twenty guests, and Wood's Hotel seventy-
five. Three express liaius per day each way connect Schoharie with
the city of Albany. With a population of eighteen hundred, four
churches, an academy, and choice society, it is not surprising that the
place is filled by visitors every summer, especially when the cost of
living is less than half what it would be in the city.
Continuing east from Howe’s Cave or Schoharie, the tourist can go
direct to Albany, connecting with the Hudson River boats or cars for
New York, the Boston and Albany Railroad for Boston, or continue up
the river to Troy or Saratoga. The scenery by this line is a continua-
tion of the same pleasing succession of landscapes along which we have
passed, station after station gliding by without special attraction. Near
New Scotland is located Lawson's Lake, which will command the atten-
tion of the curious. The outlet of this sheet of water sinks, and passes
for a mile and a half through a subterranean passage, or cavern. In
formation it possesses the characteristics of all the caves for which this
region is noted. Stalactites and stalagmites abound. There are several
caverns in this neighborhood, varying in size, one of which was formerly
Occupied by a band of smugglers. The more direct route to Saratoga is
to go from Howe's Cave via Schenectady. This “branch” diverges to
the left from Quaker Street, leading north-east down into the valley of
the Mohawk. At Schenectady the route crosses the line of the Central
New York Railroad, continuing to Ballston and Saratoga.
g
PopUIAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 175
Saratoga Springs, N.Y. — Elsewhere, very brief allusion is made
to Saratoga and to Niagara Falls. These famous places are so well
known and generally understood, that any special account of their pecu-
liarities would seem to be unnecessary and superfluous. Possibly, how-
ever, more particular notice may be desirable by some who read this
work, to aid in deciding “Where am I to go?” in vacation time, and who
wish to consider the whole field. Saratoga Springs may be visited from
New York City, either by the Hudson River to Albany, or by the New
York Central Railroad; and a new and very desirable route, from the
romantic scenery it passes, is viſt Central Railroad of New Jersey,
through Mauch Chunk, Wilkesbarre, Scranton, &c. (see description of
Central Railroad of New Jersey); or from Boston, – circuitous but
diversified and charming routes, – by various railroads; those from the
Fitchburg, the Boston and Albany, and the Lowell passing through every
description of inhabited, rural, and mountainous regions, and therefore
to be preferred. Taking either of these initial points as the starting-
place, ample novelties will invite one's leisure throughout the distances
travelled. The chief places of special interest found by the New York
line of travel have already been noted. The sweep around the country
required by the Boston start is rich in natural and artificial wonders.
Commencing at either of the named Boston stations, the first hour passes
in the midst of delightful towns and villages, which are mere tributaries
of Boston, and are sustained by, and aid to sustain, the great “Hub.”
Here are residences of perfect taste, and surrounded by rural charms,
filling the minds of visitors with continued pleasure. Some of the places
through which the lines of travel pass are renowned in Colonial and
Revolutionary histories. Those routes which converge at Fitchburg
diverge again towards Saratoga Springs, Niagara Falls, the Adirondacks,
Lake George, the White Mountains of New Hampshire, and the health-
ful quietudes of the Green Mountains of Vermont. Whichever course
is preferred, the enthusiasm of the refined traveller constantly warms
and renews as the glory and splendor of summer verdure, of hills, val-
leys, meadows, purling streams, and Cosey homes, – all speeding by like
the flight of birds, - break upon the vision in ever-varying novelty and
freshness. It may well be remarked here, that no veteran of the road
ever prepares for a pleasure jaunt without first procuring tables of rail-
road and water lines of communication, and thoroughly mastering his
course of march and how he will proceed. IIe then secures his through
ticket, and is prepared to enjoy his pleasure campaign, without the flutter
and annoyance of constant doubt as to whither he is moving, and where
any change of base should be made. Ladies, especially, ought to ponder
this hint.
Should your course from Boston be towards Niagara Falls or the Adi-
176 1°01’ULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM,
|
rondacks or Quebec, your departure is made from Fitchburg by a different
line from the one to be chosen if the aim be for the mountain regions of
New Hampshire or Vermont. This the intelligent reader will readily
understand. Of course, should you curve around towards the populous
State of New York, the chief features of the country will be studded by
characteristics of man's busy industry and aggregation into communities.
But in the sparsely settled States of New Hampshire and Vermont,
Nature still reigns in undisturbed stillness, and in the full beauty and
bloom of her pristine charms.
Having decided, then, by what ways you will approach, say, Saratoga
Springs, and having reached that fashionable Mecca at last, what are you
to do? What is is there to be “done " ? Simply nothing, or nearly
that, except to drink water from one or all of the thirty odd medicinal
springs of the place, and be fashionable, according to the sickly senti-
mentality of that health restoring and destroying spot.
“Like Newport by the sea, Saratoga is often called the Queen of Amer-
ican watering-places; and this dual sovereignty is generally acknowl-
edged. The hotel system of Saratoga is unrivalled elsewhere in the world;
and, although equal to the accommodation of eighteen thousand guests,
it is taxed to its utmost capacity in the month of August (the seasoil
opens early in June). Broadway is the main street, and extends for sev-
eral miles, with the chief hotels near its centre, and a succession of costly
villas beyond. The village is at its brightest in August, when it is
thronged with visitors, and thousands of private and public carriages
join in the parade of fashion on Broadway and the boulevard. During
the “height of the season, the crowds to be seen in all public places,
the brilliant balls at the grand hotels, the music of excellent bands, and
the many other excitements always prevailing, — make up a scene prob-
ably unequalled in the world.”
The whole sum of natural scenery, worthy of a walk or ride, afforded
by the Saratoga Springs area, is surpassed by almost any rural resort of
our land. If the springs were to dry up, the birds of fashionable plumage
would flit forever, and the whole of that now populous and prosperous
resort would “dry up" as well.
While approaching Saratoga, and within an easy radius of that place,
the lover of old stories and romantic adventures may find abundant food
for contemplation in hunting up the many historic fields of wilderness
campaigns, renowned in the quaint old primitive days. Encounters between
our Colonial ancestors and the French and Indians, – extending from
Canada, over wilderness and lake, on to Saratoga itself, - with their
startling and bloody incidents, fill the mind with a strange fascination.
Every schoolboy knows the story, especially the last scene, when the
boastful Burgoyne surrendered to the sturdy patriots under Gates.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 177
The opening of that portion of the New York and Canada Railroad
which admits of direct rail communication from Saratoga to Ticonderoga
vià Whitehall will preclude the necessity of running boats between
Whitehall and Ticonderoga as heretofore, which will only go to Ticon-
deroga; and the branch road between that place and Lake George
will do away with the stage-line by which tourists have been transferred
from one lake to the other. The fine scenery along this new line of
road, the magnificent water views which it affords on the right, as you
move north, the rich variety of landscape on the left, with its deep cuts,
heavy fills, and rugged mountain scenes, will present entirely new attrac-
tions to the traveller. The historic associations of Ticonderoga will
command the attention of visitors, who will frequently “lay over " at
least one trip to study the relics of the past. From this point they may
continue by rail to Lake George, only four miles away, or embark on
the magnificent palace-boats for a sail on Lake Champlain. -
Lake George. — “Few, if any, among the numerous picturesque
lakes in America are more beautiful or more celebrated than this, which
lies between the Counties of Washington and Warren, in the State of
New York, and is thirty-six miles long, varying in breadth from three-
quarters of a mile to four miles, and in many places is four hundred feet
in depth. It is in the midst of mountains; and popular belief credits it
with islands equal in number to the days of the year. History, as well
as tradition, lingers around it, marking many spots with more than ordi-
nary interest. Not the least among these are the ruins of Fort William
Henry and Fort George (the former now occupied by a splendid summer
hotel). Sir William Johnson, prompted by his loyalty, named it Lake
George, after one of the Georges of Great Britain; and this title has
been permitted to remain as its designation. A writer, describing the
many attractions of the lake, says, “It has something of interest for
every one, – the lover of history, of romance, of beauty, and lovers
generally.’”
The sail across this lake is an experience of delightful remembrance.
Lake George with its surroundings seems a fairy land of wonderful fas-
cinations. Its points and inlets, its charmingly attractive shores and
islands, are admirably adapted to facilitate the pleasures of a camping-
out party, where the weary of body and mind, or the despondent and
languid invalid, and no less the strong and healthful, will find mind and
body invigorated, and the soul elevated, by a sojourn among the pic-
turesque beauties of this lovely lake.
Several of the islands are inhabited, and others contain ornamental
structures for summer amusements. On the shores of the lake are sev-
eral popular resorts and many private villas. After Fort William Henry
178 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Hotel,Crosby Side, Recluse Island, &c., are among the more attractive
features as you sail down the lake.
The tourist who would continue his visit from Saratoga or Lake
George to the White Mountains, viá Burlington, to Montreal, Quebec,
or the Adirondacks, will embark on one of the magnificent lake steam-
ers at Ticonderoga.
Lake Champlain. — “This useful as well as beautiful sheet of
water lies between the States of New York and Vermont, and extends a
short distance into Canada. It is, in extreme length, about one hundred
and thirty miles, and varies in width from half a mile to fifteen miles,
the water, in places, being near three hundred feet deep. The Vermont
shores of the lake are generally fertile and well cultivated; while those
of New York are wild, rocky, and barren, rising into vast mountains,
and contain rich iron deposits.
“The shores of Lake Champlain are not only interesting in them-
selves, but they hold many places of celebrity and attractiveness. The
ruins of old Fort Ticonderoga stand out upon a high, rocky cliff at the
confluence of the outlet of Lake George with Lake Champlain. The
remains of the fortress at Crown Point loom up opposile LU Chimncy
Point. The localities where Burgoyne held his famous Indian council,
and made his treaty, and where Arnold fought with Carleton, are pointed
out. Plattsburg, the scene of the battles on the 11th of September,
1814, in which Commodore McDonough gained his signal naval victory,
and Gen. Macomb compelled Sir George Prevost to retire into Canada,
is the most conspicuous and interesting point on the lake. Numerous
natural curiosities exist on its islands and shores; but space will not
permit their mention here. Burlington, a beautiful city on the Vermont
shore, is well worth the attention of tourists. From Plattsburg the
Adirondacks are reached with facility; and it is a starting-point for
Au Sable Chasm, one of the most remarkable curiosities in the United
States.”
Those northward bound continue to Rouse's Point, from which
they can go to Montreal and Quebec, visit the noted springs in Vermont,
or turn to the west through a wild region to Ogdensburg, and thence by
boats to Alexandria Bay and the Thousand Islands, and so on to Niagara.
The Adirondacks of New York have sprung into sudden and
universal fame and favoritism. The region has all the novelty of a
primeval land, diversified by every variety of landscape and unsearched
Solitudes ; and has the freshness and rare American novelty of guides,
who alone know the secret of this new paradise.
The atmosphere is remarkably pure, and free from malarious poisons
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO IREACH THEM. 179
and from chilling damps, so that sudden colds and tormenting fever-
heats are scarcely known. At present the Adirondacks may boast solely
of its primitive charms; but the region will, it may be feared, be mate-
rially altered in this respect ere long, as visitors are annually numbered
by thousands.
To ladies claiming invalid propensities, or to those disposed to shrink
from rough adventure or the hardships of the explorers, this wild tract
is, perhaps, totally uninviting ; but for the novelties of camp-life, and
utter freedom of conventional rules, it is all that can be desired.
The region is to be found in the northern portion of the State, a wil-
derness of immense tract, Occupying space equal in area to the entire
State of Connecticut.
There are several routes by which this wilderness may be entered; the
most popular, because it is most flavored of adventure, is by way of
Lake Champlain. Leaving the boat at Port Kent, a post-coach conveys
the traveller by plank road to Keeseville, from whence he will follow
along the Au Sable River twelve miles, arriving at Au Sable Forks; and
at that point, if he has the mountains particularly in view, he will
direct his course south, leaving the Saranac Lake region to the west.
On the way from Keeseville, about a mile and a half off, the Au Sable
River furnishes to the traveller on this route the first natural wonder of
the Adirondacks,— a leap of nearly thirty feet into a semicircular basin
of great beauty; and this is only the beginning of a series of the wildest
of river falls, cascades, and jagged rocks. The walls of the Au Sable
vary in rocky height, rising from ninety to a hundred and twenty-five
feet. One of its precipices resembles Niagara, leading off the river to a
course one hundred and fifty feet below, into scenery of intense wild-
ness, equalling in miniature the picturesqueness of America's greatest
fall. It is thus followed up to its source, forming on its way a chain of
grandeur and frequent surprises, rivalling any thing east of the Rocky
Mountains.
Having reached the Lakes Upper and Lower Au Sable, the traveller
finds himself completely at the heart of mountain and forest surround-
ings. Here in this savage gorge, the wildest part of the Adirondacks,
the Hudson River takes its rise. The main stream of the Au Sable
flows from the north-east, the Hudson south-west, and each from the
locally known as Indian Pass.
If the visitor prefers a less toilsome journey to this point, starting from
the village of Au Sable Forks, he can, instead of following up the river
on foot or with guide and boat, turn off into a road through the village
of Jay and on by Wilmington, moving south through the John Brown
Region on to White Face or Wilmington Notch. This range, although
practically belonging under the Adirondack title, is somewhat distinct,
180 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
being a sort of “branch range.” Blue Mountain, Dia’s Peak, Nippleton,
Core Hill, Moor Mountain, White Face, and other grand peaks, belong to
this group. White Face is the most northern, and, with the exception
of Mount Marcy its neighbor, the loftiest of this wilderness of crests.
The traveller will prefer here to move by land rather than by water;
for although the lakes are numerous, and guides and boats easily ob-
tained, it is among the hills that the chief attractions are found. Hav-
ing laid aside ordinary travelling costume, and donned backwoods
garments, he is ready for his fight.
The monarch of the glen, Mount Marcy, or Tahamus (“the cloud-
splitter ’’), is 5,467 feet high. The trail to the summit of this mountain
is twelve miles, an exceedingly toilsome ascent. Mount McIntire, near
by, has an elevation almost as great; Dial, McMartin, and Colden are also
very lofty; and the ravines, lakes, and waterfalls to be seen from them
are inexhaustible.
Many of the wild animals of our northern latitude — the bear, wolf,
and wildcat — abound; with several valuable fur animals, — otter, mink,
and muskrat. Hunters and trappers are occasionally to be met, although
there are no settlements of any account. These men are always ready
to act as guides, either to tramp the mountains, or uavigate the lakes for
pickerel, or the streams for trout. Ten or twelve years ago, moose and
deer were plenty, but now are rarely found. At Mount Seward, the most
inaccessible of all the mountains, the American panther is frequently
found. .
Having satisfied himself with the mountain research, wearied of the
continual hard climbing, and the weird wildness of it all, the traveller
may turn with a certain feeling of relief towards the more subdued re-
gion in which the lakes abound.
Lake Colden, about six miles west of Mount Marcy, lies almost at the
outskirts of the Wilmington Notch: it is a lovely, placid sheet, “per-
fectly embosomed amid gigantic mountains, and looking, for all the
World, like an innocent child sleeping in a robber's embrace.”
Beyond Colden, is Avalanche Lake, around which stand Wallface,
McIntire, and McMartin.
Leaving these behind, the start may be for the valley of the Saranac,
by Way of North Elba, stopping perhaps to visit the John Brown Farm,
and the bowlder by which the old hero was buried. Stages are in wait-
ing to convey passengers over to Baker’s and Blood’s Inns, which are to
be seen as the Lower Saranac is approached, about twelve miles off.
Guides with their boats can be obtained here by those who wish to enter
the forest and river streams surrounding the lakes. Excellent fishing is
found on Ray Brook and other tributaries of the Saranacs.
The favorite trip, next to the easy excursions among the islands and
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 181
bays of the lakes, is to Lake Placid. It is two miles north of the vil-
lage, and is the most charming of all the Adirondack resorts.
Paradoa. Pond is near by, and has an inexplicable tidal flow to and
from the lake. Schroon and Branch Lakes, a few miles south, are famous
sheets of water, and are often approached by sportsmen.
Round Lake, midway between Upper and Lower Saranac, connecting
the two by means of narrow streams branching out from either side, is
a little lake gem of unusual beauty. It is round, as its name implies,
about four miles in diameter, and surrounded by hills under whose
shadows it sleeps in placid loveliness. This lake will well repay the
traveller for a week of study. It will not satiate by a never-changing
calm, or weary the visitor with continued restlessness; for, like the Sen-
sitive-plant, it seems to be a thing of the tropics, and away off in this
wild country out of its element. Still and peaceful in the warm sun-
light, as if never disturbed, the little islands dotting it with picturesque
verdure, it will suddenly, in answer to turbulent wind, ruffle itself, and
appear strong and defiant in character, in sublime contrast to its restful
mood.
In all this lake country will be found, one after another, in quick suc-
cession as it were, almost numberless streams, pools, ponds, and lakes.
Going twenty-six miles south-west from Upper Saranac, will be found
Big Tupper Lake, which, as if Nature were much pleased with its arrange-
ment of the Saranacs, is in imitation thereof; for it is connected to its
sister, Little Tupper, by a river stream, and also Round Pond, which, less
beautiful than the lake is namesake, was allowed to imitate only in less
pretentious title.
The Tuppers are but seldom visited, on account of remoteness; but
they afford excellent sporting and very lovely scenery.
Lying twenty miles south of Little Tupper, through a forest alley
holding the Raquette River, is Raquette Lake, approached through turbu-
lent falls, and exceedingly wild woodland scenery. It is at this point
that “Mother Johnson’s ” is reached, - a low, quaint log house, where
the pancakes of Murray fame are served. Raquette Lake is twelve
miles long, and about five wide. It is seventeen hundred feet above tho
sea. Its environing forests, graceful islands, and mountain ranges in
view, combine to enhance its charms. Fish and game are plentiful here,
although few visitors come on account of its poverty of inn and guide
accommodations.
About five miles beyond Johnson’s the Raquette River widens, flowing
north-east into the beautiful Long Lake, on whose waters lie the most
charming of islands. The largest, Round Island, is the most celebrated
of any found in Adirondack waters. Hammond says of it, “I wish I
owned that island: it would be pleasant to be possessor of so much
beauty.”
182 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Blue Mountain Lake is twelve miles South. Utowana and Eagle
lying west are connected by inlet with Raquette; and farther west,
Fulton Lakes are chained together by a series of ponds. Going north,
and all the time following by stream, will be found North Branch, Big
Moose, Beech, and innumerable smaller lakes and ponds, each partaking
of the general lack of civilization, but richly rewarding the hardy
adventurer. •
It has been generally conceded by painstaking tourists, that, in no
territory this side of the Yellowstone, can be realized so completely the
spirit and recompense of exploit as among the Adirondacks. It will be
a fact rather to deplore than welcome, if, in the great march of civiliza-
tion, this land, so after God’s own making, will be brought under a
human plan of architecture and landscape finish. Let it be left to its
Maker. -
NEW YORK TO LONG BRANCEI.
The new short and quick route opened by the Central Railroad Com-
pany of New Jersey, June 15, 1874, to Long Branch, is a matter of
importance to the citizens of New York, with whom time is a great
desideratum. Passengers start from the foot of Liberty Street, go vić
Elizabeth, Woodbridge, Perth Amboy (where the line crosses the Rarilali
River by a bridge a mile long to South Amboy), thence through Red
Bank, Oceanport, &c., to Long Branch, opening this fashionable water-
ing-place, by an easy, expeditious route, to the panting thousands of the
great metropolis. About ten trains are run each way daily, - a cheap
and easy release from the narrow streets of the city, and equally nar-
row pursuits of gain, to the soul-saving worship of the great and good
God through the never-quiet, never-ceasing roar of the mighty Ocean.
HARVEY's LAKE, NORTH MOUNTAIN, AND HIGHLAND LAKE.
Returning again on the line of the Central Railroad of New Jersey,
through the Lehigh Valley, to Wilkes Barre, we find several resorts in the
vicinity of considerable local interest.
Harvey's Lake is twelve miles north-west of Wilkes Barre. It is a
small, deep pool of marvellously clear, cool water. It is approached by
a romantic road over the mountains from Wilkes Barre, and is a popular
resort for the citizens of that place on account of its fishing and boating
facilities. It is a thousand feet above the Susquehanna, and about two
hundred feet deep, and nearly circular in shape, forming a clear and
beautiful mirror for the overhanging Alleghany Mountains.
North Mountain is another resort in the neighborhood of Wilkes
Barre, more distant than Harvey’s Lake, yet rapidly increasing in pop-
ularity, as will be seen by the following description.
i

184 PopULAR RESORTs, AND How To REACH THEM.
THE NORTH MOUNTAIN HOUSE.
ONE of the most important problems to determine in household mat-
ters is, “Where shall we spend the hot months of summer ?” A change
is required: we must go somewhere. The father has become overtaxed
by the cares of business; the mother is wearied by household duties; the
children need a respite; the health of all demands this change. “But
where can we go?” are the oft-repeated words.
Why, there are places enough, – by the sea, at the springs, or in the
mountains. The newspapers teem with notices of them ; and books
resound with their praises. At Cape May, Atlantic City, Long Branch,
or Newport; at Bedford Springs, Saratoga, Watkins Glen, or Niagara ;
at the White Mountains, Mount Desert, Mauch Chunk, or Cresson; and
at hundreds of other fashionable resorts, – houses in abundance are open,
servants are ready, and landlords stand smiling at the door to receive you.
Their halls dazzle with beauty; their parlors rustle with fashion; their
corridors resound with mirth; and their drives are a whirl of excitement.
Certainly, with such an array, one need not lack for a choice.
But it is just this rustle of fashion, this whirl of excitement, that
deters many of our best citizens from seeking that recreation which their
health requires. It was to meet this emergency that the North Moun-
tain House was erected, and a summer home provided where muslin
and chintz, common sense and comfort, should supplant the prevailing
customs of popular resorts ; in a word, where dress is not paramount
to good taste and social enjoyments. Here are good accommodations
for two hundred guests, all amply supplied with the substantial pro-
visions of home, in a climate fresh with invigorating atmosphere, with
springs of pure mountain water, where at reasonable rates a man may
take his family for the season, and return invigorated and refreshed.
If the reader would locate the North Mountain House, he is referred
to that spot on the map of Pennsylvania, between the East and West
Branches of the Susquehanna River, where the counties of Sullivan,
Luzerne, and Wyoming corner, from which flow the head-waters of Loyal
Sock, Muncy, Fishing, Huntington, Kitchen, Bowman, and Mehoopany
Creeks. There it stands, on the banks of a charming lake, on the sum-
mit of North Mountain, of the Alleghany range, 2,700 feet above tide-
water (the highest habitable spot in Pennsylvania), in the centre of an
unbroken primeval forest of 25,000 acres, not a house within a half-
dozen miles, and “no one to molest or make afraid.” The North
Mountain House, as a popular resort, is a success. No “rustle of
fashion in the parlors;” though its “corridors resound with mirth,”
and the halls and grounds are radiant with that beauty and alive with
that enjoyment which come from good cheer.
PopUIAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 185
There is fishing for those who like it, and hunting in the woods; there
is sailing on the lake, and roaming in the groves; there are billiards
for rainy days, and croquet for fine; there are scenes for the artist's
pencil, and abundant sports for all.
WILD WOODS.
North Mountain is eighteen miles from Shickshinny, on the East
Branch of the Susquehanna, through which passes the “Lackawanna and

186 PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Bloomsburg’” Railroad, connecting north with the “Delaware, Lacka-
wanna and Western,” and south with the “Philadelphia and Erie
road.”
The morning train from Wilkes Barre leaves you at Shickshinny
about nine o’clock. A good team can be secured at the hotel; and
the drive to North Mountain is delightful. The route is over an
excellent upland road, and commands a succession of grand and varied
landscape views, in admiration for which the miles grow short, and
the distance is the least objectionable feature of the journey. Should
necessity require, the trip can be made from the afternoon train ; but it is
not as pleasant, as we have the evening sun in our eyes, and arrive after
nightfall. The road winds among the hills, rising by easy grade to the
base of the mountain proper, by which much of its altitude is overcome.
The side is steep; but the carriage-way is shaded by forest trees, and is
exceedingly picturesque. It is overhung in places by frowning rocks;
and the rush of an impetuous stream can be heard in the valley below.
The topography of North Mountain is so different from our general
acceptation of the term “mountain,”—which usually rises to a
summit crest, — that a brief description of its physical characteristics
will be in place. Its sides are abrupt, presenting many interesting
geological features. The summit surface is generally level, beneath
which the outcropping strata of the carboniferous and sub-carboniferous
formations are distinctly visible. This forms an extended plateau, broken
by gentle undulations, extending thirty miles in length by ten in
breadth. It is covered by a dense forest of primeval trees, – Oak,
hickory, maple, birch, cherry, hemlock, pine, beech, and other varieties
usually grown in much higher latitudes. Springs of pure Water, crystal
streams alive with speckled trout, and quiet lakelets, abound. On the
banks of the largest, Highland Lake, the North Mountain House has
been erected. This delightful sheet of water, three miles in circum-
ference, is fed by springs at its bottom. It abounds in fine varieties of
fish, and furnishes withal a pleasing source of amusement. Its outlet
forms the head-waters of Kitchen Creek, which, with seeming reluctance
at first, leaves its parent head: then, as it moves along, gathering strength
by fresh accessions, it soon assumes a bolder course, until the mountain's
brink is reached, down which it plunges impetuously, forming numerous
Wild cascades, then, with a fearful leap sheer down the deep abyss, is
dashed into snowy spray among the rocks. Rich, luxuriant foliage
depends from the overhanging cliffs, through which peers the sparkling
sheen of a midsummer's day, clothing all in bright rainbow hues.
“Ganoga Falls” are 127 feet high. They are of recent discovery, and
must prove a great acquisition to the attractions of North Mountain.
They are three miles from the house, by a picturesque woodland road.
* <sº
--º
º –2// sº
%:
% % * ſº %. -
* º
**- 2. - //
ywºod, º& º
Engraved expressly for “Bachelder's Popular Resorts, and How to Reach Them.”
-
GANOGA FALLS, NORTH MOUNTAIN, PA.

188 PopULAR RESORTS, AN1) 11ow to REACH THEM.
The immediate approach is wild in the extreme, affording an oppor-
tunity at comparatively small effort to witness Nature clothed in her
native dress.
MOUNTAIN STREAM.
The stream continues down the mountain side, forming a series of
wild cataracts and charming cascades, and is also a delightful resort
for the angler. -

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH Tir EM. 189
The better plan to see this ravine to advantage is, to be taken by car-
riage a few miles below, turning by a cross-road to the left to a point of
intersection with Kitchen Creek at the foot of the mountain, from which
place the stream can be followed up to the Ganoga Falls, already described.
Although the excursion is full of adventure, there is more romance
than pleasure in it, particularly for ladies, unless they are well assured
of their physical endurance. At all events, it should not be attempted
without a guide, and refreshments should be sent to Ganoga Falls to
regale the party on its arrival. Never venture from the main travelled
road without a pocket-compass. The importance of this the author has
good reason to remember. Late in the autumn of 1873, while visiting
Ganoga Falls with the proprietor of this vast domain, we became en-
tangled in dense laurel thickets, confused by a blinding snow-storm, and
absolutely lost in this unbroken forest of twenty-five thousand acres for
more than four hours; and by mere chance avoided a night in the
woods with the thermometer at zero. There are undoubtedly still
many interesting localities to be discovered in this wild region by future
explorers. ‘. .
Point Look-off is an interesting place, and is much frequented by
equestrian and driving parties. The summit of North Mountain is so
densely wooded that it is only when, from some opening near the brink,
you catch glimpses of the deep, distant view, that you realize your alti-
tude. Such a place is Point Look-off. .
It is some three miles from the house, and the way is overhung by
enormous trees, furnishing a deep, grateful shade. Go, by all means,
with the declining sum, when the shadows fall from you in the view you
wish to see. -
It is surprising how readily visitors to a rural resort like North Moun-
tain drift into the natural freedom of the prevailing customs of the place.
Sailing, boating, fishing, hunting, croquet, music, picnic dinners, and
promenading, stout shoes and short dresses, exert their equalizing influ-
ence, until the whole household seem to forget the conventionalities of
society, -forget the outside world, and live the while in an atmosphere
purely their own. It is this state of feeling, probably, that gives the
view from Point Look-off much of its charm. Emerging from a primeval
forest, you suddenly catch an unexpected glimpse of the world you left
behind. Standing on the eastern escarpment of the Alleghany Ridge,
you see ranges of rounded hills and green meadows, thrifty farm-houses
and distant towns, and, beyond all, you see rising in the blue distance
lines of rugged mountains.
The view extends miles beyond miles, east, south-east, and south,
embracing the counties of Luzerne, Columbia, and Montour, which fills
the mind with awe and admiration.
190 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
The enduring character of the conglomerate and hard sandstone
formation protects the surface to the mountain's brink; but the deep
gorges through which the maddened streams have cut their way, expos-
ing the formation from surface to base, furnish a field for the geologist,
of unusual interest, and to the student and lover of wild and romantic
scenery scenes worthy of the artist's pencil.
|
º
NORTH MOUNTAIN VIEW.
The “North Mountain View” is one of the most remarkable features
of this character. It is on the south-west side of the mountain, less than

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 191
a half-mile from the house, and is of easy access. To the spectator from
the head of this wild and broken cañon, the scene is indescribable by
the artist's pencil or writer's pen. It is a singular combination of
scenery, possessing the grandest features, clothed with the picturesque
and beautiful, over and beyond which — stretching far, far away—is
that immeasurable distance which always “lends enchantment to the
view.”
A visitor writing of it says, “Here, standing on a perpendicular ledge
of rocks, you gaze with a mixture of wonder and admiration down upon
this magnificent view. Seven distinct mountain ranges dovetail one into
the other, forming a long, deep gorge, through which you look for miles
beyond miles. . . . Far into the unseen depths of the ravine below is
heard the roaring of a creek, of which occasional glimpses are seen
sparkling in the noonday Sun.” The accompanying cut is from an
original sketch by the artist, Thomas Hill; and yet the almost magic
touch of that celebrated artist fell far short of the sublime grandeur of
nature.
There are those who delight to sail on the lake, to fish in its waters,
and walk on its banks; there are those who find pleasure in roaming
through the groves and penetrating to the unbroken depths of the forest;
there are those who, following the sportive streams from crest to base,
watch their falling waters, and amid wreaths of Snow-white spray linger
for hours to tempt the speckled trout; and those who enter joyously into
all the sportive games in which the place abounds. But to none is the
delight so sparkling, the pleasure so pure, the joy so lasting, as to the
devotee who worships at the shrine of the North Mountain “View.” It
is the great feature of the place, and the walk to it is delightful.
The professional hunter and amateur sportsman will be alike interested
in this field for the exercise of their favorite amusements. The North
Mountain House consists of two buildings, surrounded and connected by
long, broad verandas. The older or stone house was built many years
ago, before the days of railroads, on the old turnpike leading from
Buffalo, N.Y., to Sunbury, Penn., which is still used by drovers in transport-
ing their stock; and the house is the comfortable home where the weary
traveller is sure of a cheerful welcome. Its complete isolation, surrounded
by many miles of unbounded forest filled with deer and other large game,
soon made it the rendezvous, in the autumn and winter months, of
hunters and sportsmen. During a day spent there by the writer, in
November, 1873, there were four deer and a bear killed in the immediate
vicinity, - not an unusual circumstance in the hunting season. The laws
of the State protect deer during the summer months; but the autumn
finds this a rich field for sport.
192 POPULAR RESORTS, AND how TO REACH THEM.
Wild fowl, in their migratory flight, frequently make “Highland
Lake” their resting-place. Others rear their young in its quiet coves.
FOREST LIFE.
The North Mountain House embraces among its patrons many of the
best families of the State, who select for a summer home this healthful
locality, convenient of access, yet far away from the false life of fashion-
able resorts; a spot abounding in the pristine beauties of nature. Here
they spend the heated term, and return to their homes in autumn re-
cuperated in strength, with fresh vigor to enter again the battle of life.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM, 193
PLEASU FE FOUTE No. 15.
New-York City to West Point, Saratoga, and the Popular
Resorts of Northern and Western New York, Niagara,
Falls, and the West. -
NEW YORK CENTRAL AND HUDSON RIVER RAILROAD.
ONE of the most charming of summer tours is that from New-York
City to Niagara Falls, vià New York Central and Hudson River Itai-
road. The general route of travel passes through a portion of the State
rich in scenes of beauty and sublimity, and will well repay the time and
expense given in exploring the many points of interest This railroad
has four tracks, two for passenger traffic and two for freight, between
Albany and Rochester. -
Starting from the magnificent Grand Central Depot on Forty-
second Street, where cars the most palatial of any constructed are to
be obtained, the traveller passes, a few miles out, Irvington, and
Sunnyside, the cottage of the great “essayist,” and will pause first at
Sing Sing for a visit to Croton and Rockland Lakes. The last
named, across the river and opposite Sing Sing, is one mile from the
Hudson, and one hundred and fifty feet above it. This lake furnishes
one of the main sources of supply of ice to the metropolis, more than
two hundred thousand tons of which are annually stored in its houses.
Croton Lake is reached by carriage conveyance from Sing Sing, and
it is the lake from which New-York City is supplied with water. It is
about five miles long, and quite narrow, being artificially formed by
throwing a dam two hundred and fifty feet long, forty feet high, and
Seventy feet thick, across the Croton River. Its waters are conducted to
the city by an aqueduct forty miles long, with a daily capacity of sixty
million gallons.
Eleven miles above Sing Sing, following the railroad, and stopping at
Peekskill, the traveller leaves the cars for a visit to Lake Mahopac,
which is fourteen miles east of the Hudson. The lake is eight miles in
circumference, and eighteen hundred feet above the sea.
It is the most beautiful of a family of twenty lakes lying within a
circle of thirteen miles, all of which are supplies to the Croton. Although
the surrounding landscape is comparatively quiet, lacking bold, hilly
feature, yet its own calm waters, and tiny wooded islands, and the many
romantic dells in its neighborhood, together with the broad, macadam-
ized driveway, all serve to give Lake Mahopac just claim to special
notice. Lake Mahopac is also reached directly by a branch of the Harlem
Railroad, which leaves New-York City from the Grand Central depot.
194 . POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Petrea Island in this lake, nearly round, is a lovely bit of fresh
verdure standing just in the centre. For neighbors, it has the Fairy and
Grand Islands. t -
Returning from Lake Mahopac to the river, at Peekskill begin the
famous Highlands of the Hudson, the most celebrated of Amer-
ican river-Scenery. Passing along the east bank, the railroad enters
the Tunnel, two hundred feet in length, running through the bold prom-
ontory of Anthony’s Nose. On the west side can be seen Buttermilk
Falls, a series of rapids making a leap of a hundred feet, on a stream
joining the Hudson just below West Point. They form a charmingly
picturesque feature in the scenery of the river. Farther on to the north
is Garrison Station, — the point from which the traveller crosses the
Hudson to reach the United States Military School at West
Point. The Academy here, the most prominent feature, is of stone,
while the Barracks, the Library, Observatory, Hospital, and Officers’
Quarters, make up a formidable and garrison-like settlement.
Nearly ten miles above West Point, is Fishkill, the seat of the fine
country home of the Secretary of State. This town is interesting also, as
the scene of Cooper's novel “The Spy.” Thirteen miles along lies Pough-
keepsie, of Vassar College fame. Passing Catskill Station, and the
beautiful mountain region, of which mention is made elsewhere (see
Catskills), and also Hudson, a large town on the west side of the river,
we approach Albany, the capital of the State. This city lies on the
side of a height crowned by the State Capitol, rising two hundred and
twenty feet above the river.
The Capitol, unfinished, stands on the public square, the State House
and City Hall occupying two of the remaining sides.
The Dudley Observatory in the northern part of the city, the State
Arsenal, the Medical College, the State Normal School, and the Law School,
are among the most important of public institutions. There are many
objects of interest in Albany, connected with the original Dutch settle-
ment and the early history of the Republic, which will well repay an
extended examination.
Five miles north of Albany, lies Troy, a city of forty-six thou-
sand people. It has many fine churches, public buildings, and resi-
dences, and is the largest manufacturing city of the Hudson Valley.
Here is the Watervliet Arsenal, one of the national depots for the storage,
manufacture, and repair of war implements and material ; and also
large establishments for the working of iron into all known uses.
There are four main lines of railroad centring here, by which the
tourist can reach either the famous Saratoga Springs, the Lakes Cham-
plain and George, described elsewhere, the Adirondack Country, and on
northward, and various points of interest on the line of the Troy and
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 195
Boston road to Hoosac Tunnel, &c. Continuing westward, however, on
the New York Central Road, we come by a short detour to Ballston on
the Saratoga and Schenectady Branch, at which place is the Artesian
Letitia Spring.
It was first known and made accessible in 1868. These springs are
said to cure rheumatism, gout, and several minor diseases.
The Sans Souci Spring near by is composed of a fair proportion
of lime and magnesia, with a preponderance of chloride of sodium.
There are several comparatively unexplored springs in and around this
town, promising a busy future for the already thriving village of Ball-
ston.
Returning again to the main line at Schenectady, one of the oldest
towns in the State, and the seat" of Union College, and thence to Pala-
tine Bridge, we come to the station from which the stage takes the traveller
for health to Sharon Springs; for a description of which, see index.
Little Falls, seventy-four miles from Albany, is a large manufac-
turing town on the north bank of the Mohawk, which here forces a
passage through a range of high hills, giving a wild and exceedingly
interesting view of the winding river and its surroundings.
Utica is a flourishing city of thirty thousand inhabitants, standing
on the south bank of the Mohawk, and was at one time the site of Fort
Schuyler, a frontier defence against the Indians. It is the seat of the
State Lunatic Asylum, and is the depot and outlet for the surrounding
rich agricultural region, and its annually returning Summer visitors.
BLACK RIVER RAILROAD.
At this station the Black River Railroad diverges to the north, along
the line of which are many natural objects of interest and beauty. The
most prominent are Trenton Falls, seventeen miles north of Utica,
“on West Canada Creek, a tributary of the Mohawk River, which con-
sist of a series of cascades of unexcelled picturesqueness and beauty.
The principal falls are five in number, and, passing up the stream, are
named, successively, Sherman Fall, High Fall, Mill-dam Fall, Alhambra
Fall, and Rocky Heart. To appreciate them fully, the tourist should
descend the bank, by stairway, to the rocky level at the bottom, and pass
up along the left bank on an irregular line of shelf-path, presenting
little difficulty, and no danger to the careful. The rock strata of the
gorge cannot fail to excite admiration ; and the unique collection of
fossils and crystals found in the neighborhood, and kept on view at a
hotel near the falls, is an interesting subject for examination and study.
From a point called the Rural Retreat, a splendid view of the High
Fall, from above, can be had.” -
196 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Still farther north are passed in succession, Sugar Falls, a hundred
and fifty feet high, falling into a lonely valley filled with bright ever-
greens and charming cascades. The river sinks at this point, and is
hidden under the limestone strata, appearing again about eight hundred
feet distant.
Black River Rapids, a mile or two out of the village of Port Ley-
den, are of considerable interest. They flow through a narrow, deep
ravine, at one time known as Hellgate. -
Brantingham Lake, eight miles from Lyons Falls, is a lovely sheet
of water, picturesque in islands and extensively wooded shores. It
abounds in pickerel, bass, and trout. -
Having exhausted the Black River lakes and falls, and returning again
to Utica, we face the setting sun, and approach Rome, at the junction of
Black River and the Mohawk. Rome will interest the tourist princi-
pally as a railway centre where several roads intersect.
ROME, WATERTOWN, AND OGDENSBURG RAILROAD.
The main lines of travel through the Empire State are from east to
west ; connecting these, and running at an angle from them, are many
roads which frequently lie through picturesque regions, and unfold scencs
of grandeur and beauty.
The Rome, Watertown, and Ogdensburg Railroad is of this class,
although we must wait for another edition for a detailed description of
it. Yet a few of the more prominent localities will be noticed.
This road connects with the Central New York at Rome, and extends
in a general northerly direction through Watertown to Ogdensburg on
the St. Lawrence River, and to Cape Vincent at the eastern terminus of
Lake Ontario, with a branch to Oswego. At Watertown the Sackett's
IHarbor branch of the Utica and Black River Railroad crosses it.
This is the main route of approach to Alexandria Bay on the St. Law-
rence, a place of rapid growth and popularity, located in close proximity
to the “Thousand Islands.” Palace and drawing-room cars run from
Albany direct, vić, Rome, to Cape Vincent, connecting with elegant steam-
ers, down the St. Lawrence, through thirty miles of charming river
scenery, to Alexandria Bay. If Ogdensburg is first made, either from
the south by the Rome, Watertown, and Ogdensburg Railroad, or from
the east by the Central Vermont, fine steamers are also in readiness to
convey the tourist from Ogdensburg up the St. Lawrence, thirty-six
miles, to Alexandria Bay. -
The St. Lawrence River is, without question, one of the grandest
and most interesting streams on the American Continent. It receives the
waters from half a dozen inland seas, each the receptacle of hundreds of
tributary streams. The same turbulent river that madly rushes to the
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 197
brink of Niagara, and plunges in sublime grandeur into that fearful
abyss, now, under another name, playfully meanders through the pictur-
esque channels of the Thousand Islands, sweeps beneath the walls of
Quebec, and moves majestically on to the sea. It is beautiful, it is grand,
and well deserves its acknowledged popularity. -
From Lake Ontario to the Gulf of St. Lawrence, is one continuous
chain of attractions for the visitor, which each deserve special description
in this book of “Popular Resorts.” In the present volume, however, but
few will be mentioned, prominent among which is Alexandria Bay.
This American port is built upon a massive pile of rocks, and occupies
a romantic and highly picturesque situation. Some two or three miles
below the village is a position from which a hundred islands can be in
view at one time. It is in Jefferson County, and in immediate con-
tiguity to the Thousand Islands, which stretch themselves along the
centre of the St. Lawrence for a distance of forty miles below the ter-
mination of Lake Ontario.
The steamboat-ride from Cape Vincent to Alexandria Bay affords an
excellent view of these islands, which are said really to number nearly
eighteen hundred. The river is about twelve miles wide, but so closely
studded with islands of all shapes and sizes, from the fractional part of
an acre to ten miles in length, that there really seems at times a difficulty
in trending a channel through them. The water of the St. Lawrence is
here of a bright green color, and beautifully clear. The islands are gen-
erally rocky, and thickly wooded; and the water in places so deep that
steamers can easily run within a few feet of them. The “Rapids” of
the St. Lawrence are a short distance below.
Each year adds to the popularity of this beautiful summer resting-
place. Twenty years ago it was the quiet rendezvous of a few statesmen
and literary gentlemen, – a respite from the excitement of debate and
the cares of life; now it is a fashionable watering-place, where thousands
come for rest and pleasure. Elegant private villas have been erected,
grounds cultivated, and everything that wealth and taste can accomplish
has been and is being done to enhance its attractions.
Steam-yachts for pleasure, and sail and row boats for fishing parties,
can always be had, fitted up in the best manner, and manned by experi-
enced boatmen. Fishing here means something, and is worthy the
name. And, in the season, the shooting in the neighborhood is unusually
fine. The suburban drives are delightful, with ample facilities to enjoy
them. g
A line of steamers from Toronto to Montreal touch at Alexandria Bay;
and it is also reached by the Grand Trunk Railway, which passes on the
opposite bank of the river.
Commodious summer hotels have been constructed, assuring the vis-
198 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM,
itor of the very best accommodations. The Thousand Island House alone,
recently completed, has a capacity for seven hundred guests. Perched
upon a rock whose base is laved by the pure waters of the St. Lawrence,
this house commands a glorious view of this magnificent scenery. Every
variety of boat navigates the waters; the majestic river steamer and
large white-winged craft, the graceful sail and row boat, constantly fit
across the scene. -
Returning again to the line of the Central New York, the route from
Rome passes Verona.
Verona, Springs have won Some fame as a water-cure establish-
ment. At Oneida we cross the line of the NEw YORK and Oswf:GO MID-
LAND RAILROAD, and here our eyes are feasted by the first glimpse of
Oneida Lake, a hundred and twenty-five miles west of Albany. It
is twenty miles long and six wide, and a hundred and forty-one feet
above Lake Ontario. Its name, Oneida, signifies “The people of the
stone.” The route continues along its northern borders nearly its entire
length.
It lies low, and is marshy on its shores; but there is a fine open view
to the south of the rich Onondaga County highlands. It is situated in a
fertile dairy and stock territory, where the “Inspiration Community,”
founded by John H. Noyes, is located. -
Cazenovia Lake, reached by rail from Syracuse, would scarcely
repay for a special trip to its waters, were it not interesting as the head-
quarters around which are medicinal springs, and also waterfalls of rare
beauty. At Chittenango, on the Cazenovia and Canastota Railroad, a
village situated in the valley of the outlet of the lake, are the White Sul-
phur Springs, strongly favoring the White Sulphur of Virginia. The
waters flow from a bold ledge of rocks a mile out of the village; and,
although Chittenango is not at all a fashionable resort, it is visited by
many invalids, using the waters with much good result.
Yates Spring, at one time the most popular, is now almost entirely neg-
lected. A few pretty summer residences, and one or two quiet hotels, are
found here. Three miles from the springs the Chittenango River falls
a hundred feet over a limestone cliff; and, two miles east, Canaserrago
Creek falls a hundred and forty feet.
The Green Lakes are a series of pools in the limestone formation
on Limestone Creek, near Manlius Station.
The largest of the group, Lake Sodom, is only one-quarter mile across,
and one hundred and fifty feet deep, with perfectly clear, limpid water.
These lake waters hold in solution large quantities of the sulphate of
lime, and are strongly tinctured with sulphuretted hydrogen gas.
Visitors should not consent to leave Syracuse, not having seen Green
Lakes. - \
PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 199
Prof. Silliman says, “The bottom is a grass-green slate ; the sides are
white shell marl; and the brim, black vegetable mould; the waters per-
| |
| º
| ſºlº
º
º
'll
- º \
n
in
fectly limpid. The whole appears to the eye like a rich porcelain bowl
filled with limpid nectar.”
But the waters are disagreeable to the taste, and the principal lake has
received the name of “Sodom.”

200 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Syracuse, one hundred and forty-eight miles west of Albany, is a
busy city of fifty-four thousand inhabitants. It is the seat of The
Syracuse University, under the direction of the Methodist denomination,
and of several public and private institutions of learning and charity. It
is located on Onondaga Lake, in the western part of Onondaga
County. This lake is six miles long, one mile wide, and three hundred
and sixty-one feet above tide-water. On its banks are the most exten-
sive salt-manufactories in the country; in fact, the entire vicinity is
among the most fruitful and valuable in the State.
Near Liverpool on the east bank was, formerly the chief fortress of the
Onondaga Indians, an important tribe of the Six Nations ; and in this
locality were fought many of the bloody battles between the French and
Indians. A remnant of the Onondaga tribe live on a reservation at the
head of the lake.
At Syracuse the railroad divides, forming two separate lines, uniting
again at Buffalo. Taking the lower route, the upper being compara-
tively uninteresting, the tourist enters one of the most fascinating lake
regions of the continent, which will well repay his examination.
Skaneateles Lake, the most picturesque of all the lakes of Central
New York, is reached from a point midway between Syracuse and
Auburn. It is eighteen miles long, one and a half wide, and eight hun-
dred and sixty-five feet above the sea. It is set among imposing hills
rising twelve hundred feet above its surface, giving its waters a pro-
found effect of “deepening, darkening, beautiful blue * such as is
rarely found in American lake-scenery. This lake does not boast of
busy steamboat enterprise or traffic in any shape, although a small pas-
senger-boat steams irregularly on its placid waters, for the accommo-
dation of tourists. About ten miles south-east of Skaneateles, is the
little Otisco Lake, lying away off quietly by itself, almost hidden
among deep valleys and sombre woodland hills.
In this immediate neighborhood is Owasco Lake, the smallest of
this chain of lake waters. It is eleven miles long, and one wide, is seven
hundred and fifty-eight feet above the sea. It is framed by stern, rocky
bluffs, alternately diversified by the fertile Owasco Flats.
Seneca Falls is a station on the Seneca River, where it joins
Cayuga Lake : the latter receives its name from the powerful Cayuga
tribe of the Six Nations. It lies between high rolling bluffs and uplands,
and rich farming country. It is thirty-eight miles long, and from one to
three wide. Its waters flow from Ithaca, north to Cayuga Bridge on the
New York Central Railroad. -
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 201
As the steamer passes along down the lake, a few miles from Ithaca,
Cornell University is seen crowning one of the adjacent hills. Quiet
little villages and peaceful farming lands are passed all the way up
toward the end. Wells College for ladies is at Aurora on its east bank;
the steamer stopping at that village, and also at Levana and Union
Springs, a thriving town with several mills working on the water-power
of two exhaustless springs. -
Taughannock Falls are located on the west shore of Cayuga Lake,
six miles north of Ithaca, and are easily reached from Taughannock
Station on the Geneva, Ithaca, and Athens Railway. This fall is two
hundred and fifteen feet in perpendicular plunge (fifty feet higher than
Niagara), is set in the rarest of romantic surroundings, and is so fasci-
nating in effect as to call from Dr. Cheever the following rhapsody:
“The fall is, in truth, the Staubbach of Switzerland, most absolutely
reproduced, and of concentrated beauty and grandeur.” -
One mile from the city of Ithaca is a remarkable ravine, containing a
large number of cascades and waterfalls supplied by Fall Creek, which
descends in gradual fall, four hundred feet in one mile. First in this
series, the traveller meets Ithaca Falls, falling one hundred and sixty
feet, the waters at its base forming a wide, deep pool. Following the
rocky path up the gorge, the tourist passes successively. The Plateau, a
broad, shelving rock; The Promontory, which affords extensive views
over the wide valley, taking in the village. The Tunnel, cut two hundred
feet in length through solid rock, and formed to carry water to the
mills below, leads to the beautiful Forrest Fall.
Next comes The Foaming Fall, a clear leap of thirty feet ; then
The Rocky Fall, fifty-five feet high; and near by The Trip-ham-
mer Falls, down which the dark water plunges into a broad basin.
Above and overlooking them are Flume Falls and the Beebe Dam.
The path winding through this romantic dell has been formed by
blasting off the rocks, and is frequently protected on the way along at
the most dangerous places by strong railings. The whole effect pro-
duced by this natural wonder is exceedingly fine, and this romantic dell
may be pronounced the charming crown of New York lake-scenery.
The Gorge is a favorite resort for all classes, and is especially patron-
ized by picnic parties.
Pulpit Fall and Buttermilk Fall on Buttermilk Creek, two miles South
of Ithaca, are among the interesting suburban objects of the city ; and
Lick Brook, and Enfield Glen Falls one hundred and sixty feet high, are
much visited.
Seneca Lake is touched on its northern extremity by this road, and
South, at its head at Watkins, by the Northern Central Railroad, to
202 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
which turn for fuller description. A line of steamers connects Seneca,
and Watkins by daily trips. The lake is thirty-five miles long, and
about four wide. The depth of these waters is remarkable, reaching
in some places one thousand feet. They are wonderfully clear, rarely
freezing over, even in the coldest weather.
Its hilly shores, like Keuka and Canandaigua, are richly productive of
grapes in valuable quality, giving to the general tone of the scenery a
rich and pleasing effect. This lake is valuable in commerce, affording
extensive transportation for coal. At the southern extremity of the
lake is Watkins Glen, perhaps the most romantic spot in the country,
which is described in detail elsewhere.
Once more proceeding westward from Geneva, Lake Canandaigua.
claims our attention, on the shore of which lies the village of its
name. This is one of a cluster of six like waters running from about
the same line from north to south; and they are of variable size and
importance.
Canandaigua, the most western, is fifteen miles long, and six hun-
dred and sixty-eight feet above the sea. About three thousand vine-
yards enclose its shores. This region is a quiet, restful spot, and all
strangers are fascinated by its charms, *
Sodus Point is a recently developed summer resort, noted for its salu-
brious atmosphere, located on Lake Ontario, at the terminus of the Sodus
Point and Southern Railway.
Crooked Lake, or Keuka, farther to the east, is seventeen miles
long, and one and a half wide. It is seven hundred feet above the sea,
and is protected by high hills cultivated for vineyard use.
The train, here turning northward, reaches Rochester, a beautifully
shaded, modern city, situated on the Genesee River, seven miles from
Lake Ontario. It is the principal manufacturing town of Western New
York; its magnificent water-power giving it an immense advantage over
other competitive cities. In the vicinity are the largest nurseries of
fruit-trees and plants in the country. In Rochester there are many costly
buildings, the Athenaeum, the University, and Theological Seminary, being
among the most imposing. In the lower part of the city is the
Genesee Falls, one of those wild and romantic assemblages of water
battles with rocky obstructions, which are ever novel and of exciting
interest, — wonderfully enhanced, in the Genesee, from the skilful mas-
tery of its turbulence, harnessed by the hand of art and scientific devices.
Continuing westward, from Rochester, the Oak Orchard Acid
Springs at Medina claim notice. They are especially medicinal in the
cure of cutaneous diseases, They number nine distinct springs within
an area of eight hundred feet. Their waters are remarkable as contain-
ing in each gallon, by the most exact measurement, eighty-three grains
PopULAR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM. 203
of sulphuric acid. It is said that a similar spring exists in Persia, and
that two of the same sort are found in South America. These springs
are also reached by the way of the New York Central Railroad at a
point six miles north-west of Batavia by the upper route.
Passing Lockport, a city of fifteen thousand people, noted for its
immense and massive locks, lowering the bed of the Erie Canal sixty-six
feet from the lake ridge to the level of the Genesee Valley, we approach
the grand culmination of the journey, -
Niagara Falls, and the traveller or wonder-hunter finds himself at
last in the presence of that world-renowned glory of the waters. De-
scription of those stupendous falls has been exhausted long ago. No
attempt at details will be made here. There are other sublimities of
nature, no less equal in their impressiveness and startling grandeur.
There are water leaps of loftier heights, and amid scenes that fill the
soul with delight and awe. But no such vast volume, no like rush and
turmoil and thunder, has yet been discovered in the habitable parts of
the globe. We find inexpressible delight and profound emotion in every
variety of earth’s peculiar, more exceptional, and fanciful aspects, – in
the tender and sweet calm of woodland green, and shady solitudes of
rills and wild flowers and birds, and the wavy mists of remoter hills; in
the great stabs and scars which mighty convulsions have inflicted ; in the
stern and sterile summits where ice and snow forever reign; in the cas-
cades, the sinuous streams, the wave-washed crags of the Atlantic
shores. But from none of these come such profound impressions as
from the awful plunges and the reverberating thunders of Niagara Falls.
With a thousand pretentious rivals, it is the crowned monarch of them
all.

204 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
PLEASURE FOUTE No. 16.
B'rom New York City to Niagara Falls and the West,
via Erie Railway. .
ERIE RAILWAY.
THE Erie Railway is one of the main trunk lines connecting the sea-
board with the great inland lakes. Reaching from New York to Lake
Erie at Dunkirk, with a branch to Lake Ontario at Rochester, and anoth-
er to Buffalo, connecting with the lines from the other inland seas, it has
become one of the great arteries of the country, second to none in carry-
ing capacity. Its passenger-trains are equipped with the finest coaches
made ; its broad-gauge road-bed challenges comparison for smoothness
and Safety; and its railway hotels and restaurants are placed at convenient
distances, and kept in unexceptionable condition. -
The whole extent of the line lies through a country rich in rare scenes
of romantic beauty, and wooded, picturesque loveliness, and has long
been, and will long be, a favorite route for the summer tourist.
The Erie Depot at Jersey City is reached by ferry from the foot of
Chambers Street, or from Twenty-third Street.
In order to observe the many points of interest, the trip should be
made by daylight, and the comfort of the traveller will be much increased
by taking the beautiful palace-car attached to the morning express-
trains. These cars deserve a separate chapter by themselves, especially
those of this road.
At 9.15, A.M., you pass from the depot through Bergen Tunnel across
the Hackensack Meadows by the smaller suburban towns, until Paterson,
N.J., is reached, where a stop is made for a visit to Passaic Falls,
which are waters of value, and much mercantile and mechanical interest,
affording large revenue power. .
The falls themselves are in the midst of a small park, where they throw
themselves abruptly down about sixty feet into a deep ravine, between
bowlders of basalt, and flow rapidly off between beds of limestone.
Leaving Paterson, after passing several smaller towns, the road enters
the State of New York at Suffern, from which place a branch road runs
direct to the Hudson River at Piermont. Farther on is Ramapo, the
point from which the beautiful valley of the Ramapo River and Falls are
reached. The river breaks through the mountains at this place, and
passes by an interesting series of successive falls and cascades to join the
Pequannock at Pompton, which afterwards falls into the Passaic. There
are many beautiful bits of landscape and water scenery in this charming
valley.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM. 205
Greenwood Lake, or Long Pond, lies among the mountains of
Orange County, nine miles south of Chester. It is a wonderfully clear
sheet of water, six miles long.
Surrounding Greenwood are several lakelets of pleasing resources,
furnishing the best of boating and fishing, and always rewarding the
pleasure-seeker with frequent. Surprises. -
It is a special delight to explore the lovely Macopin, a perfect gem, and
also the more extensive waters of the Wawayandah, lying in the valley of
the Wawayandah mountains near the boundary line of New York and
New Jersey. Its name, of Indian origin, is translated, “winding stream,”
in characteristic picture of the zigzag nature of the lake, which is at one
place almost divided by an island. Its waters are very deep, clear, and
abound with trout. The entire region is attractive; and, as it is near
New York, it is always, during the heated season, a popular retreat for
those whose business cares forbid a far-away resting-place. --
Near this station is also the Seven Springs Mountain House, a spacious
hotel for summer resort.
At Goshen, the Wallkill Valley Branch leaves the main line, running
through Montgomery and other towns to Kingston on the Hudson; where
connection is made with the New York, Kingston, and Syracuse Railroad
for the “Catskills.” (See index.) Just above Montgomery is New Paltz,
six miles from which lies Lake Mohonk, a favorite goal for the denizens
of New York City. This lake is three-fourths of a mile long, but very
deep, and with high, precipitous shores. Its waters abound in fish. The
neighborhood of the lake supplies many objects of interest, among which
are Sky Top peak (three hundred feet high), upon the side of which
Lake Mohonk is embedded, the Labyrinth, Eagle Rock, and Sunset Rock,
each an object of interest.
About five miles off, on Rondout Creek, are High Falls, elsewhere
described.
Goshen is one of the oldest towns in Orange County, and is noted for
its dairy products, “Goshen or Orange-County butter’’ being the popu-
lar and standard brand of New York City. Middletown, a flourishing
village, slips by, giving place to the view of the Shawangunk Moun-
tains, which the train rapidly ascends by a series of “planes” to Otis-
ville, gaining the summit of the grade a little farther on. The view
from here, as the train rushes along the western slope, is grand indeed. .
The Neversink Valley, the rugged overhanging mountains, and the
hamlets of Millford and Port Jervis in the distance, form a panorama of
grandeur impressive to the beholder, and never to be forgotten.
Following down the Neversink Valley, Port Jervis is reached, a town
of seven thousand people, lying at the confluence of the Neversink and
Delaware Rivers. This is the terminus of the eastern division of the
.2 º'
206 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
Erie Road. The Falls of the Sawkill are six miles away, with stage com-
munication. The gorge through which the stream passes is one of great
wildness and grandeur. Three miles beyond Port Jervis the train crosses
the river, passing into the State of Pennsylvania, through which it runs
for twenty-six miles. A portion of this distance, the road was constructed
at an expense of a hundred thousand dollars per mile, being built on
broad galleries hewn out of the mountain side. We turn from the rugged
overhanging rock, and look down upon the verdant meadows below,
Eden-like and charming in their quiet loveliness. •
At Lackawaxen, situated at the junction of the Lackawaxen and
Delaware Rivers, a branch road runs to Honesdale, penetrating the rich
coal regions of North-western Pennsylvania. This line passes Hawley
en route, the eastern terminus of the Pennsylvania Coal Company’s grav-
ity road, or “switch-back ’’ (see index). The wire suspension-bridge
which at Lackawaxen spans the Delaware, sustaining the canal-aqueduct
and railway trains, is a great feat of engineering skill, and forms a
marked feature in the landscape.
Seven miles beyond, the train again crosses the Delaware into New
York State. This section, although lacking the boldness of that recently
passed, is filled to overflowing with scenes of unassuming but fascinating
beauty, with no particularized feature until the road leaves the Dela-
ware Valley near Deposit, and, rising by heavy grades, reaches Summit
Station, thirteen hundred and sixty-six feet above the sea. We soon
cross the deep embankment where once rested the famous Cascade Bridge,
which, by single span of two hundred and fifty-six feet, cleared a gorge a
hundred and eighty-four feet in depth. Here the scene was wild indeed.
The improvement, while detracting from the picturesqueness of the
route, adds materially to its security.
The view now opens to one of great expanse of landscape beauty.
The Delaware, whose company we kept so long with pleasant recollec-
tions, we have left behind; and we now catch our first view of the Sus-
quehanna, which, throughout a length of over four hundred miles, carries
with it a succession of scenic loveliness. We now descend to the famous
Starucca, Viaduct, near Susquehanna. This stupendous structure
is the most remarkable engineering achievement of the road. It crosses
the Starucca Valley by a series of eighteen arches, with a length of
twelve hundred feet, and height of a hundred and ten feet. The charm-
ing Starucca Valley and the viaduct have been vividly portrayed by
Cropsey, the celebrated landscape painter, in his picture, “An American
Autumn.”
At Susquehanna are the repair-shops of the road, comprising large
buildings covering eight acres, and fully furnished with the best and
latest improved machinery in the country. The train stops here for
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 207
dinner. There are many landscape views of interest in this vicinity.
Mount Oquago and Painted Rock are among the attractions. From Sus-
quehanna to Binghamton the country is more tame. At Great Bend,
intersection is made with the Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western,
and the Delaware and Hudson Canal Companies’ railroads, extending
from Scranton northward.
Binghamton is a pleasant city of thirteen thousand inhabitants,
situated at the confluence of the Susquehanna and Chenango Rivers. Its
capital railroad facilities, and proximity to the immense coal and iron
centres, have developed to itself a large manufacturing interest, which is
rapidly placing it in the front rank of the inland cities of the Empire
State. It contains many public and private buildings of cost and beauty,
among them the Court House and State Inebriate Asylum, &c.
Binghamton is itself a delightful place of rendezvous, and is also the
point of departure for many summer resorts. Leaving Binghamton, if we
proceed north-west, on the Albany and Susquehanna Railroad, passing
Vallonia, Springs (whose waters are strongly recommended), and
other Smaller stations, we reach at last the junction, and, in due time,
Cooperstown, lying at the foot of Otsego Lake, where the Sus-
quehanna River takes its rise. This town is a favorite summer home,
and has become, in a certain way, historical by the visits of many em-
inent writers.
Mohegan Glen, three miles away, contains several waterfalls ; and
within an area of twenty miles by pleasant driveway will be found Hart-
wick and Seminary Lakes, Bear Cliff Falls, Westford and Pierstown Hills,
Beaver Meadow, Rum Hill, Cherry Valley, and Sharon and Richfield Springs,
all objects of much interest. The Cooper House is the popular stopping-
place. (See index for fuller description.)
Returning again to Binghamton, we “take up our line of march ''
westward, entering a rich farming country, through which flows the
placid Susquehanna.
At Owego the tourist can leave the main line, and, proceeding by the
Delaware and Lackawanna and Western Railroad, reach Ithaca and
the natural wonders in its vicinity. -
Elmira, a city of twenty thousand people, is delightfully situated on
the Chemung River. It is a manufacturing and mercantile town, hand-
ling large quantities of coal and grain, and containing extensive con-
struction shops of the Erie Road. It has many fine buildings and several
good hotels. The Northern Central Railroad here comes in from the
South, crossing at right angles, continuing past Havana and Watkins
Glens and Seneca Lake to Canandaigua. t
At Corning, seven miles from Elmira, and two hundred and ninety
miles from New York City, the road divides, forming the Rochester Divis-
208 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
ion, running north-west by Painted Post, Bath, and other smaller sta-
tions to Avon, where are Avon Springs, celebrated as cures for many
chronic, and especially cutaneous diseases. Here are three springs,
whose waters are taken internally, and also used in bath-form. Avon
village is a pretty valley town, a bright and sprightly summer resort,
busy with hotels and comfortable boarding-houses.
The ‘‘Attica Branch '' runs from Avon to the Buffalo Division at Attica,
passing through a beautiful fertile rolling country, and by Batavia and
other flourishing towns.
Rochester, the terminus of this branch, is a fine city, seven miles
from Lake Ontario, elsewhere described. (See index.)
The Buffalo Division branches from the main line at Hornellsville,
and passes Canaseraga and the Chautauqua valley to Portage, where
occurs the principal object of interest on this division, the remark-
able bridge over the Genesee valley and river, recently burned. This
was the longest wooden bridge in the world. It was eight hundred feet
long, two hundred and thirty-four feet high, and contained more than
sixteen million feet of timber.
The famed Portage Falls are just below the bridge, and are reached
by crossing on a plank walk, through the timbers, far below the railroad
track. A series of surging, boiling rapids leads to the brink of the Horse
Shoe Fall, down which the river rushes in an unbroken torrent, fall-
ing sixty-eight feet. A short distance below are the Middle Falls, one
hundred and ten feet high, the waters falling into a deep, dark pool, sur-
rounded by perpendicular rocky walls. The action of the water has worn
an enormous cavern in the softer rock of the west cliff, called The
Devil's Oven, which in times of low water is capable of containing
One hundred people.
Leaving the imposing Middle Falls, the river rushes on its tumultuous
way, through a steep, narrow gorge, winding and almost doubling for a
distance of two miles, making its final plunge one hundred and fifty feet
down a steep series of steps and perpendicular falls to the last final con-
flict at the bottom, where, compressed to a width of fifteen feet, it hurls
itself against the Sugar Loaf, a rugged point of rock one hundred feet
high, by which it is deflected, and turned off at right angles to its former
COUll'SC. t /
The Genesee Canal here approaches the river by long galleries
cut in the steep bank, and crosses by a high aqueduct above the blidge.
The whole course of the Genesee from Portage to Mount Morris, for
several miles, is continuous between high banks (three hundred to three
hundred and fifty feet), and is a remarkable exhibition of the power of
water when confined in narrow limits. -
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 289
PLEASURE FROUTE NO. 224.
Richmond, Washington, and the North, to Wilmington,
N. C., Charleston, Savannah, Jacksonville, and New Or-
leans.
ATLANTIC COAST LINE.
THE Southern States are intersected by three great arteries of travel,
leading directly from the north-east, so that the traveller or tourist, with
his objective point as far distant as Mobile or New Orleans, and his
starting point at New York or Washington, may have his choice out
of the three, with the certainty in either case of rapid transit and a
passage through an interesting section of country. Each through line
is made up by the consolidation of lesser ones, and is connected with
the others by branch lines. They are severally known as the Atlantic
Coast Line, the route being by the way of Richmond, Wilmington,
N.C., Charleston, Savannah, and Jacksonville, or New Orleans; the
Piedmont Air Line by way of Danville, Charlotte, Atlanta, and
Mobile to New Orleans; and the Great Southern Mail Route by
the way of Bristol, Knoxville, and Chattanooga, to New Orleans and the
South-west.
There are few places of popular resort on the first-named line before
reaching Charleston, although the traveller with plenty of time will find
it well employed in stopping at some of the more important stations for
a day or longer. Among the watering places of lesser note, which lie
scattered through the eastern part of North Carolina, either upon the
Coast Line, or attainable by the various intersecting branches, are Lack's
Springs, about two miles distant from Macon Depot, on the Raleigh
and Gaston Railroad; Panacea, Springs, about the same distance
from Littleton Station, upon the same road; Cleveland Mineral
Springs, Causilor's Springs, and Sparkling Catawba, in Lin-
coln County, and Sulphur Springs, in Gaston County, along the line
of the Wilmington, Charlotte, and Raleigh Railroad. These last are
tolerably well developed. Lewis' Mineral Springs lie on the Wil-
lmington and Weldon Railroad, five miles from Faison Station.
Spring Church, locally celebrated for its medicinal waters, lies
three miles distant from Pleasant Hill Station, on the Petersburg and
Weldon Railroad, just over the North Carolina border. There are here
two or three good boarding-houses, but no hotel. The village is famous
as having once been a popular duelling ground for the North Carolina.
chivalry. - -
The tourist who wishes to visit the battlefields of the State can stop
at Mount Olive, on the Wilmington and Weldon link of the line.
290 POPULAR RESORTS, AND IIOW TO REACH THEM.
Within twelve miles of this station were fought the battles of Bentons-
ville, Whitehall, and Neuse River Bridge, the former quite an important
engagement. -
Wilmington lies twenty miles from the sea, on Cape Fear River,
and attracts a portion of the Southern winter travel. At the mouth
of the river are situated Forts Fisher and Caswell, both of which
played an important part in the scenes of the Rebellion. Besides com-
munication by rail, there is a weekly line of steamships to New York.
Camden, on the Wateree River, is a beautiful South Carolina town,
possessed of considerable historic interest. Two battles were fought
here in the time of the Revolution : one between Gates and Cornwallis,
and the other between Greene and Rawdon. The remains of Baron
De Kalb, who was killed in the former battle, lie under a handsome
monument on the village green.
Columbia, the capital of South Carolina, is a pleasant little city.
Nearly half its present residents are from the North. It was burnt by
Sherman on his “march toward the sea,” but has been rebuilt in a
far more tasteful manner. The Congaree Falls are a few miles
distant, and attract a large number of visitors annually. There are
Several good hotels in Columbia, the principal being the Nickerson
House and the Columbia Hotel. The more prominent stations between
Columbia and Charleston are interesting to the tourist, mainly on
account of their Revolutionary associations. At Orangeburg are to be
seen the remains of the works erected by Lord Rawdon, for defence,
after the fall of Charleston.
The Healing Springs, three miles from Blackhill Court House,
after passing Orangeburg, are widely noted for their remedial qualities.
They are three in number: an iron, a sulphur, and a Seltzer spring. The
climate is remarkably equable and healthful, resembling very much that
of Aiken. The accommodations are fair. At the Court House there are
three hotels, churches, telegraph-offices, &c.
Farther on is Eutaw Springs, the locality where a well-known
Revolutionary battle was fought. At Branchville, sixty-eight miles
above Charleston, the Charleston and Augusta Railway takes the tourist
or invalid to Aiken, a place which within the past few years has
become extensively known for the salubrity and remarkable healing
qualities of its climate. A dozen years ago it was a mere village; now
it is a large and flourishing town. Hundreds of families from the North
make it their residence during the winter months, while the permanent
population has doubled within the past five years. The climate seems
to have an extraordinary effect on those afflicted with pulmonary diseases,
and many remarkable cures have been effected by that alone. The
visitor will find an excellent hotel and numerous boarding-houses of
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 291
a select character. There are many delightful views in the vicinity, and
no better society can be found anywhere in the South.
Charleston is considered by many the most beautiful city of the
South. It lies at the confluence of the Cooper and Ashley Rivers, both
broad and beautiful streams, and seen from the harbor presents a charm-
ing appearance. In the summer some of the streets are perfect forests
of palmettos and magnolias, which cast a grateful shade over the stately
old-fashioned mansions of the city, rendering them delightfully cool and
pleasant in the hottest of the weather. The public buildings are none
of them worthy of especial mention. The visitor will find the older
part of the city interesting, its general character being unlike that of
any other in the country. The best general view of the old quarter, and,
in fact, of the whole city itself, is from the tower of St. Michael's
Church, on the corner of Broad and Meeting Streets. This, the oldest
church in Charleston, was built in 1752, and its tower is regarded as the
finest in the South. Its chimes are peculiarly sweet, and can be heard
for a long distance. Another fine view is to be had from St. Phillip's,
on Church Street, a structure nearly as old as St. Michael's. In the
ancient graveyard connected with St. Philip's Church are buried some
of the most famous men of the State: Calhoun, Christopher Gadsden,
William Moultrie, the Pinckneys, Rutledges, Middletons, and others
equally well known.
The two most popular hotels of the city are the Charleston and the Mills
House, both first class in every respect. There are others less stylish,
but with quarters as comfortable and tables as abundant.
The Forts are objects of attraction to tourists, especially since the
War. Castle Pinckney stands at the entrance of the harbor. South of
it lies Fort Ripley, built during the first years of the war, principally of
palmetto logs; beyond lies Moultrie. Inside the harbor, grim, battered,
and still defiant, stands Sumter. On Sullivan's Island may still be seen
the ruins of works erected before the Revolution, as a defence against
the French and Spaniards. -
Sullivan's Island, in Charleston Harbor, is the great fashionable
Watering place of the State, and it is difficult to imagine any thing more
delightful than a sojourn here in the heated season. Before the war
there was a splendid hotel upon the island, the Moultrie House; but it
Was destroyed during the struggle, and has not yet been rebuilt. There
are Scores of beautiful villas and cottages, however, already erected, and
every season sees the number largely added to. A steamer runs hourly
between the island and Charleston during the “season.” The beach is
admirably adapted for sea-bathing, and there are many fine drives in the
neighborhood. Mount Pleasant is another favorite resort of the Charles-
tonians.
292 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Between Charleston and Savannah there is no place of note which
would attract the tourist. Savannah is one of the finest and most
rapidly-growing of all the Southern cities. Its streets are much broader
than those of Charleston, and its squares, or plazas, – twenty-four in num-
ber, — filled with trees and adorned with beautiful shrubs and flowers,
render it a paradise in all seasons. The climate is exceedingly health-
ful; and many from the North, who are troubled with pulmonary com-
plaints, resort there during the winter months. The suburbs are delight-
ful, and are permeated by scores of beautiful drives. Four miles out is
Bonaventure Cemetery, on the Warsaw River, renowned for its pictur-
esque beauty; and a mile farther is Thunderbolt, a famous summer
resort for the residents of the city. Fort Pulaski, on the south side
of the entrance to Savannah River, is well worth a visit. The principal
hotels are the Pulaski House, the Marshall House, and the Scriven House.
The tourist over this line will hardly care to stop between Savannah
and Jacksonville, if his purpose is to visit Florida. Trains with palace
cars attached run through without change, or passage can be taken by
steamship which runs weekly between the two ports. The only resort
On the railroad worthy of mention is Suwannee Springs. These
have become within the past ten years very popular, and large numbers
of invalids and pleasure-seekers gather there every summer. There are
a hotel and numerous boarding-houses. The springs are located directly
on the line of the Florida division of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad,
at Suwannee Station.
Jacksonville is situated on the Western bank of the St. John's River,
twenty-five miles from its mouth, and has a population of about twelve
thousand. Since the war it has grown rapidly, large numbers having
emigrated from the North. There are a dozen or more hotels of fair
character, and many boarding-houses.
The St. John's River is the principal attraction of Florida, and is
much frequented by tourists. Large excursion steamers run up from
Jacksonville as far as Pilatka, seventy-five miles, daily, and from there
light-draft steamers continue to Enterprise, and to the interior lakes and
tributaries.
Green Cove Springs, on the west bank of St. John's River, thirty
miles from Jacksonville, is the best known watering-place in Florida,
and is being rapidly developed. The spring, which gives its name to the
place, discharges a volume of water which is estimated at three thou-
Sand gallons per minute. The temperature never changes, Summer or
winter, remaining always at 78° Fahrenheit. The basin of the spring
is about forty feet in diameter, the water, which is very strongly impreg-
nated with sulphur, being from twenty to twenty-five feet deep in the
centre. A line of steamers run from Jacksonville daily, and there
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 293
are excellent hotel accommodations for those who wish to prolong
their stay.
Silver Spring is one of the most remarkable localities along the
river. It is large enough to be navigable, and the water is more
transparent than glass.
Lake George, formed by a sudden widening of the river a hundred
miles above Jacksonville, is noted for its romantic beauty. It is dotted
with picturesque islands, which are covered with foliage of tropical
growth. -
Green Spring, an extraordinary Sulphur spring of a green color,
is located at Enterprise, on the east bank of the St. John’s River, 205
miles from Jacksonville, and at the head of steamboat navigation of the
river. Enterprise is becoming one of the most important points in
the South for tourists and sportsmen. Here is the grand gathering-
place for fishing and hunting parties who propose to visit the Indian
River country. The fishing and hunting of the region is unsurpassed
by that of any other locality in the South, or even in the United States.
There is one really first-class hotel, and several smaller, with boarding-
houses. Enterprise is reached only by steamer from Jacksonville, or
by the way of St. Augustine and Tocoi.
Fernandina, has the reputation of being one of the most bracing
and healthful places in the South, and has for years been resorted
to by invalids and consumptives. It has three or four respectable hotels
and many boarding-houses.
St. Augustine is one of the most interesting places in the whole
South for the tourist to visit. It is the oldest settlement in the United
States, having been founded by the Spaniards in 1565. The city and
suburbs are rich in historical associations, many of the buildings dating
nearly three centuries back. The climate is magnificent. There are
several hotels, the best of which is the St. Augustine. The approach is
from Jacksonville to Tocoi, on the St. John, and from thence by rail.
Florida is one of the most delightful camping-out grounds for pleasure
parties in the country, a subject well worthy the attention of those fond
of rural sports. -
The amount of pleasure travel to Florida the past season is remark-
able, with a prospect of steady increase.
294 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
PLEASU RE FOUTE NO. 25.
Richmond, Washington, and the North, to Danville, Char-
lotte, Atlanta, Mobile, New Orleans, and the South.
THE PIEDMONT AIR LINE.
THE tourist South who, taking the Piedmont Air Line from Rich-
mond, desires to visit the principal places of resort, will find himself
constantly obliged to leave the main road for branches and stage-
lines leading to them. As a general thing, these deviations are pleasant,
as they afford a change of scenery and sometimes of locomotion, and
enable one to see more of the real character of the country than would
otherwise be the case. The Piedmont Air Line combines several
important roads under one general management, and, with its connec-
tions, furnishes an uninterrupted route of travel from New York to
Florida, passing through Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia,
and Alabama. At prominent points it connects with lines running
east, west, north and South, affording innumerable opportunities for
digression.
The first point of divergence after entering North Carolina, to reach
special points of interest, is at Greensboro’, a thriving manufacturing
and mining town. The tourist can here take the North Carolina Rail-
way for Goldsboro’, and beyond, to Newbern and Beaufort, points
which, though possessing no particular attractions, are yet much visited
since the war. Raleigh, the capital of the State, lies on this road, and
is well worth a brief visit. The State House, which is modelled after
the Greek Parthenon, was at one time considered, next to the Capitol in
Washington, the finest legislative structure in the United States. Two
excellent hotels are to be found here. Hillsborough is another
interesting stopping place. Here the Provincial Congress at One time
held its sessions, and later it was occupied as the State capital. Lord
Cornwallis made his headquarters here for some time, and the house
occupied by him is still standing. The locality is yet pointed out
where several of the early North Carolina patriots were executed by
order of Gov. Tryon. With one exception, Hillsborough is the oldest
town in the State.
Returning to the trunk line at Greensboro’, if the tourist wishes to
visit the springs and mountain resorts of Eastern North Carolina, stage
can be taken for Salem, a romantic little town, from which the best
known of them are accessible. The scenery of the region is very fine.
Pilot Mountain is in the immediate vicinity of Salem, and attracts
many summer visitors. It stands alone, and rises like a pyramid three
thousand feet above the level plain.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 295
At Salisbury, fifty miles south from Greensboro’, the tourist will once
more diverge from the direct route for the wild mountain region of this
State, vià the Western North Carolina Railroad. This section of the
State is famous for its springs, a score or more of which enjoy a more
or less extended reputation for their medicinal qualities.
Morganton is one of the most beautiful of the villages of North
Carolina, and affords a good base for the visitor who wishes to make
excursions to the various gaps, valleys, and secluded places of the region.
Magnificent views are obtained from the highlands in the vicinity.
Piedmont Springs lie only about fifteen miles distant. The waters
are highly esteemed by the residents of that portion of the State, and
are said to really possess remarkable curative properties. A stage runs
daily from Morganton to the springs. The hotel accommodations are
not extensive, but are of good quality.
Twenty-five miles from Morganton, and attainable by stage from that
place, are the Linnville Falls, which are the most remarkable in some
respects of any in the country. As yet they are little visited, save by
the more adventurous of tourists. “They are about 150 feet wide at the
first fall, the water making a succession of leaps before reaching a fath-
omless, basin, three thousand feet from the summit. The view is said
to be grand beyond description.” f
The objective point of most pleasure-tourists over this route is
Ashville, just west of the Blue Ridge. The terminus of the railroad is
at Old Fort, 114 miles from Salisbury. From this point stages run
regularly, passing through Swananda Gap, a romantic route. Another
means of approach is by leaving the trunk line at Charlotte, forty-three
miles below Salisbury, going by way of Lincolnton and Shelby. Near
the latter station is Wilson's Springs, a very popular watering-place
in the State, and largely patronized during the hot season. By taking
this route, the traveller passes through the famous Hickory Nut Gap,
one of the most delightful mountain passages in the whole South, and
destined in time to become a grand swarming-place for tourists. It is
nine miles in length, and is flanked on each side by immense cliffs,
rising, in places, perpendicularly from a thousand to fifteen hundred
feet above the roadway.
Ashville is in no sense a watering-place, although several well-
known springs are in the immediate vicinity. All the railways west
of the Blue Ridge converge here. Some of the finest scenery in
America lies within forty miles of the station, and the visitor can
make this his base for hunting, fishing, and exploring excursions.
There are two or three first-class hotels, and several excellent boarding-
houses. Twenty miles from here is the famous Black Mountain,
with its wild and attractive scenery.
296 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Whiteside Mountain, in the valley of the French Broad River,
on the route to Ashville by the way of Jones' Gap, is well worth the
attention of the tourist. It rises abruptly to the height of fifteen hun-
dred feet, and contains a cave which is accessible only from the top.
Caesar's Head, on the same route, is a yet loftier peak. Mitchell's
Peak, within easy distance of Ashville, is the highest point east of
the Rocky Mountains. It rises seven thousand feet above the level
of the sea, and affords one of the finest and most extensive views
in the South. In Burke County are several remarkable mountain peaks,
more or less noted. Hawk's Bill is a huge cliff overhanging a
rapidly-running stream. Table Rock and Ginger Cake Rock are
both places of local resort. The whole course of the French Broad
River, from Ashville to the Tennessee State line, is wildly romantic.
Thirty miles from the former point are the Painted Rocks, a per-
pendicular cliff three hundred feet in height, on which are traces
of figures popularly supposed to have been made by the Indians. The
Chimneys, a series of precipitous crags, lie in close proximity to the
rocks, along the banks of the river.
The celebrated Warm Springs of North Carolina are located in
this region, on the banks of the French Broad, some thirty miles west
of Asheville. The waters are said to be a sovereign cure for rheumatic
and neuralgic diseases. They are very clear and of a high temperature.
Game and fish abound in the region, and the scenery is especially fine.
There are two good hotels and several boarding-houses at the Springs,
so that the visitor will find no lack of accommodation. There are two
routes of approach from the North, – one by the way of Asheville, the
other by taking the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad, leaving the
cars at Greenville. The stage route both ways leads through a beautiful
and romantic region, and is not so long as to be tiresome.
Below Charlotte, on the direct line, and just over the South Carolina
border, is the old battlefield of King's Mountain. This vicinity
is a favorite resort for tourists, not only on account of the magnifi-
cent mountain scenery, but for its sporting facilities. Among the
interesting localities and objects of visit in the neighborhood are
the Great Falls of the Catawba, Hanging Rock, and Crowder's
Enob, the latter being the highest peak of King's Mountain.
Greenville, the best known of all the inland resorts of the State,
lies at the foot of the Saluda Mountain, on Reedy River. Near it are
Some of the most famous mountain peaks whose names are familiar
to tourists. Table Mountain, twenty miles away, rises 4,500 feet
above the sea level, and shows on One side a dizzy precipice one thousand
feet in height. Magnificent views are obtained from the summit, nearly
every bold elevation of the mountain region of the State being visible,
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 297
— Caesar's Head, Bald Mountain, Stool Mountain, Pinnacle Rock, Saluda.
Mountain, and a dozen others. The visitor will find ample accommo-
dations, and of a fair character.
The White Water Cataracts, near Greenville, attract a large
number of visitors yearly. They are exceedingly beautiful, and though
not grand, are surrounded by the most charming expanse of country.
Slicking Falls, in the same vicinity, have a deserved popularity, and
are much frequented by pleasure-seekers during the season. Both are
reached by stage from Greenville. Within easy distance is the famous
Keowee region, and the Jocasse Valley, the latter being regarded
by visitors as one of the most romantic and charming little nooks in
the South.
Crossing into Georgia, the Air Line passes through the romantic
mountains of that State, concerning which so much has been said of
late years. The entire mountain region of Georgia abounds with beau-
ties, especially that of the north-eastern portion of the State. The key
to this section of the country, and the grand starting-point for tourists’
excursions, is Clarksville, in Habersham County. Within a circuit of
fifty miles lie some of the most noted mountain resorts of Georgia, –
peaks, waterfalls, springs, and valleys, - most of them mentioned under
their appropriate heads in another portion of this book. In the western
part of the broken region is Rock Mountain, a summer resort of
considerable local repute. It is between two thousand and three thou-
Sand feet in height, and on One side is a solid, precipitous mass of
rock over nine hundred feet high. Upon the summit are the ruins of an
ancient fortification, the builders of which are unknown.
Twelve miles from Clarksville are the famous Falls of Tallulah,
or cataracts, as they are sometimes called. There are a dozen or more
of them, each possessing its peculiar attractions. They are more like
furious rapids than falls, the river which furnishes the water flowing
through an immense gap, a thousand feet in depth, in Some places com-
pletely hidden by the immense cliffs which bend over it. Toccoa.
Falls, equally celebrated as a resort for tourists, lies only about five
miles distant. Both places furnish fair accommodations for visitors.
The Falls of the Eastatia, in Rabun County, twelve miles from
Tallulah, are coming into notice, but on account of the difficulty of
access are as yet little visited. The Falls of Amicalolah, in Lump-
kin County, in the same region, consist of a succession of cascades from
twenty to eighty feet in height. The Falls of the Towalaga, on the
line of the Macon and Western Railway, are said to be particularly
beautiful, and preparations are being made to furnish accommodation to
visitors.
The whole mountain region of the State is thickly permeated with
298 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
medicinal Springs of greater or less popularity. Most of them are acces-
sible by stage from the various stations along this line and its connec-
tions. They need to be developed to become popular. -
The Red Sulphur — comprising twenty different springs within an
area half a mile square, consisting of magnesia, chalybeate, red, white,
and black sulphur — situated in the north-western part of the State,
are becoming justly popular. The scenery is celebrated for its
beauty, and the opportunities for hunting and fishing are better than
are usually enjoyed in the vicinity of watering-places. Lookout Moun-
tain in Tennessee, elsewhere described, is in the immediate neighbor-
hood, and forms an objective point for summer parties and tourists.
The best method of approach is from Trenton, on the Alabama and
Chattanooga Railroad, the second station South of Chattanooga.
Warm Springs are located in Merriwether County, thirty-six miles
north-west from Columbus. Visitors should leave the Atlanta and West
Point at Lagrange Station, taking the stage for the remainder of the
journey. Accommodations fair.
The Chalybeate Springs lie about seven miles south of the warm
springs, and are reached by stage from Geneva, on the Muscogee Rail-
road.
Madison Springs, in Madison County, have a high local reputation,
and bid fair in time to become one of the most popular watering-places
in the State. There are several good boarding-houses, and the waters
undoubtedly possess medicinal value. The visitor should take the stage
which leaves Athens, on the Georgia Railway, for the waterfall region
of Habersham County.
The Sulphur Springs, in the northern part of the State, are reached
by the Athens Branch of the Georgia Railway, or by the Air Line,
leaving the train at Gainesville. The distance by stage is seven miles.
Indian Springs, which have been favorably known for many years,
and which of late have been rapidly gaining in popularity, are located
in Buttes County, thirty miles south of Covington. They are reached
by stage from Forsyth, a station on the Macon and Western Railway.
Powder Springs, twenty miles from Atlanta, magnesia and sul-
phur, enjoy some local reputation. They are reached by stage from
Atlanta. Rowland's Mineral Springs, in Bartow County, are
reached by stage, five miles from Cartersville, on the Western and
Atlantic Railway. Catoosa Springs, a well-known summer resort,
are four miles, and Cherokee Spring two miles, from Ringgold, on
the same line of railway.
Atlanta, aside from its importance as a railroad centre, and from
the War associations with which it is connected, has little to recommend
it to the traveller or tourist. It is now the State capital, and contains
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 299
Some fine public buildings. Its principal hotel, the Kimball House, is
said to be the finest in the Southern States. Atlanta is connected with
Augusta by the Georgia Railway, with Macon by the Macon and West-
ern Railway, and with Chattanooga by the Western and Atlantic Rail-
way. The two former, with their extensions, connect with the Atlantic
Coast Line.
There is little of interest for the general traveller between Atlanta
and Montgomery, the capital of Alabama, mor, in fact, in the latter city.
From Montgomery the tourist can either proceed to Mobile and New
Orleans by the Mobile and Montgomery and Western Railway, or keep
directly on to Jackson and Vicksburg.
Mobile, 186 miles south-west, is a busy and very pleasant city.
Excepting the forts, there is little to see. The place is poor in public
buildings and hotels, although the Battle House has a fair reputation.
The Gulf Shell Road is a magnificent drive along the bay, between
eight and nine miles in length.
Talladega Springs, the best sulphur springs in the State, are
located on the line of the Selma, Rome, and Dalton road, eight miles
from Wilsonville. Shelby Springs are about the same distance from
the same station. Chandler Springs and Sulphur Springs, in
the same county and on the same line of road, are distant from Munford
Station, respectively, twelve and eight miles. Bladen Springs, well
known to tourists, lie on the Tombigbee River, in Choctaw County, and
can be reached by packet from Demopolis, on the line of the Alabama
Central, tri-weekly. All these furnish fair accommodations for visitors,
and will doubtless improve in the future.
The journey from Mobile to New Orleans is through a flat and unin-
teresting country. Biloxi, Pascagoula, Pass Christian, and Bay St.
Louis, are resorted to more or less by the people of both cities during the
season, though neither of them can be properly classed under the head
of popular resorts. Considerable effort is now being made to improve
resorts, and add to their attractions.
New Orleans is in many respects one of the most interesting of
the cities of the South. Its early history is familiar to every school-
boy, and the prominent part it played during the late war has made
it and its surroundings almost as familiar to the residents of the
North as Philadelphia or Chicago. Its limits enclose innumerable
places of interest. Many of the old relics of Spanish rule still exist
in the older part of the city, while the numerous cemeteries, parks,
Walks, and drives offer a succession of attractions of which the visitor
never tires. Since the war it has become popular as a winter for fami-
lies from the North. *
Lake Pontchartrain, five miles north of the city, is a great place
300 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
of resort. Large parties go there to hunt and fish, and portions of its
shores are peculiarly eligible for picnics and pleasure excursions. There
is a single hotel at the terminus of the railway; but it is by no means
first-class, and affords very limited facilities to permanent boarders.
Trains run from the city hourly.
The Plains of Chalmette, the scene of the battle between the
American troops under Gen. Jackson and the British under Gen. Paken-
ham, Jan. 8, 1815, is one of the prominent points of interest to be visited.
The plains lie south of the city, on the banks of the Mississippi, and
are reached by the street-cars. Gretna is a pleasant little suburb, lying
across the river, and contains many stylish residences. The celebrated
Metaire track, the great race-course of the South, lies two miles out of
the city, on the Lake Pontchartrain Railroad.
The New Orleans hotels are among the best in the country. The
most noted are the St. Charles, the St. Louis, the St. James, and the City
Hotel. Besides these there are several prominent restaurants, two or
three of which have a local reputation equal to that of Delmonico's
in New York.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 301
PLEASU RE NOIUTE NO. 26.
Richmond, Washington, and the North, to Lynchburg,
Bristol, Knoxville, Chattanooga, Memphis, New Orleans,
Little Rock, the South and South-west.
THE GREAT SOUTHERN MAIL ROUTE.
THE third great route to the South is by the way of Lynchburg,
Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Memphis.
Leaving Richmond, over the Great Southern Mail Route, the tourist
passes through a portion of Virginia not only noted for its magnificent
scenery, but for its historic associations, both in the past history of
the country, and connected with the late war. After crossing the James
River, the road traverses the great tobacco section of the State. The
Mid-Lothian coal-mines, thirteen miles from Richmond, are worthy
a brief visit by those who are interested in the natural and mineral
resources of the State. Burksville, Farmville, and Appomattoa, are rapidly
passed ; the latter forever famous in American annals as the closing
event of the war of the Rebellion. Those who wish to make a personal
survey of the country where the grand final scene between the two
armies took place can leave the train at either station, and procure a
private team and guide for the purpose.
Lynchburg, 125 miles from Richmond, possesses no particular inter-
est for the traveller. It is built upon several small but very steep hills,
and from its being a railroad centre, conveniently located to the “springs
region * of Virginia, has acquired considerable importance with tourists
as a starting-point for the popular resorts in this section of the State.
At the time of Gen. Lee’s retreat from Petersburg, Lynchburg was
the point aimed to be reached; and had the attempt been, successful,
and the western mountain passes gained, the war might have lasted a
year longer. West of Lynchburg, a short ride, are the Bedford Alum
Springs, which are considered valuable in cases of dyspepsia. One of
the principal elements of the waters is sulphurate of iron. The accom-
modations for visitors are very good.
From Lylichburg the route extends through the south-western portion
of the State, intersecting the springs region, and with its stage and rail
Connections giving access to most of the popular resorts and places of
interest south of Richmond. South-western Virginia is famous for its
wild and sublime scenery, and for its numerous natural curiosities. It
is intersected by the great Alleghany range, whose slopes, precipices, and
‘‘gaps’ furnish a never-ending series of surprises for the traveller who
has an eye for the grand or picturesque.
Twenty-five miles below Lynchburg is the thriving little village of
302 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Liberty, a point of divergence for travellers who wish to visit the Peaks
of Otter, ten miles distant. These magnificent elevations are cut off
from the rest of the range, rising in lofty grandeur five thousand feet
above the sea level, and visible more than a hundred miles away. A
portion of the ascent is made on horseback. The last half-mile is accom-
plished by climbing over huge precipitous rocks, bare of verdure, and
looking as if ready at any moment to tumble into the depths below. The
Southern historian Pollard, in describing a visit to the Peaks, says,
“There are many mountains higher ; there are others, it may be, with
more merit or interest in the surroundings; but none which produce so
terribly sublime an emotion of suspension in the sky.”
Bonsack’s Station, twenty-two miles beyond Liberty, is a familiar
locality to tourists who have visited the springs region. From here there
are several lines of stages, connecting with the Natural Bridge, thirty
miles distant ; Lexington, forty-two miles; Sweet Springs (the “Old”
and “Red”), forty-seven miles; and the White Sulphur, sixty-four miles.
Coyner’s Springs are within a mile of Bonsack’s. The waters—
black and white sulphur — are considered specifics for several diseases.
Coyner’s is a very popular resort during the hot season, and the scenery
in the vicinity is remarkably fine. Beside boarding-houses there is an
excellent hotel within three minutes’ walk of the station, and equally
near to the springs.
Alleghany Springs, the waters of which are celebrated throughout
the country as a reliable specific for dyspepsia, lie about three miles from
Alleghany Station, thirty miles beyond Bonsack’s. They are delight-
fully situated on the Roanoke River, at the eastern foot of the Alleghany
Mountains, and are largely patronized. The hotel accommodations are
sufficient for a thousand persons. Among the places of interest in the
vicinity are the famous Puncheon Run Falls, where, through a huge
rent high up the precipitous sides of a mountain, a foamy series of cas-
cades leap from rock to rock, plunging two thousand feet into a black
abyss below.
Fisher's View, only five miles from the springs, is a locality much
favored by visitors, and the frequent scene of picnic and excursion
parties. From its summit, which is easily reached, an extended view is
obtained of the surrounding mountain region.
Ten miles farther on are the Montgomery White Sulphur
Springs, one of the most popular summer retreats in the South, and
patronized by the most fashionable society. They are only a mile distant
from the railroad, horse-cars and coaches making constant connection
between trains and hotels. Their situation is highly romantic. A broad
lawn, through which flows a rippling brook, is backed by a ragged spur
of the Alleghanies, over which in various directions run excellent roads
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 303
which are scarcely ever dusty. Forests, groves, valleys, and mountain
peaks are within easy distance. Fish are plentiful in the streams, and
the sportsman occasionally is able to “draw a bead '' on a deer. The
hotel buildings are spacious and elegant, and within the past two years
have been largely added to. One of the favorite pastimes at this resort
is the “tournament,” which is always an event of interest throughout
the country surrounding, and is largely attended.
The Yellow Sulphur Spring is less than five miles distant from
the Montgomery, and can be reached, either by stage from that place,
or from Christiansburg, a station on the Virginia and Tennessee division
of the road. This is noted as a quiet resort for families, the waters
being celebrated for the cure of children’s diseases. The spring is noted
for being the loftiest in the State, – not more than sixty feet below the
Summit level of the mountain from which it flows. The hotel accommo-
dations are as yet somewhat limited, but very comfortable. -
Thirty-two miles from the Montgomery, and about twenty-three miles
from Christiansburg, is the famous Salt Pond, a small but unfathom-
able lake among the mountains, 4,500 feet above the level of the sea.
No stream leads into or out of it. Bald Knob is the highest peak of
the ridge on whose shoulder Salt Pond is situated, and nearly a thousand
feet higher. From its summit one can look into five States, – Virginia,
West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
It may well be asked why tourists should seek the mountain regions
of the North with such a desirable locality near at hand. Bald Knob
needs but to be better known to become the goal of mountain pleasure
Seekers. Its hotel accommodations, heretofore limited, are improving
With the demands of travel, and this has already become a favorite summer
home for families. The attractions are enhanced by many and various
natural curiosities in the vicinity, -streams, falls, glens, and mountain
Views. The unwritten history of this region, as a popular resting-place,
is pleasing to contemplate.
A short distance from Salt Pond are Eggleston Springs, too far
from the railroad to be largely patronized, yet possessing peculiar
attractions. Tourists who visit the region generally make this their
base, deflecting to the right and left to the numerous localities of interest
which lie within a radius of twenty miles.
Little Stony Falls, seven miles from Eggleston's, have a descent.
of sixty feet clear, and then break into a succession of short falls, an
equal distance. The speed of the water is terrific, and it seems as if
projected over the precipice by some tremendous unseen power high up
the mountain side.
Pompey's Pillar is a curious-shaped cliff rising sheer out of New
River, near the Springs, three hundred feet in height. The scenery
304 POIPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
along the banks of this stream for a hundred miles is of the most roman-
tic character.
At Newbern, stages run to Red Sulphur, White Sulphur,
and Salt Sulphur Springs, already described in the Chesapeake
and Ohio route, and to the Pulaski Alum Springs, only ten miles
distant.
At Wytheville, stages run to the Sharon Alum Springs, twenty-
five miles distant. At Glade Spring Station, connection is made with
the Washington and Seven Mine Springs, two miles distant :
and from Saltville, the next station, Red and White Rocks, on
Clinch Mountain, White Top Mountain, and Chilhowee Springs,
are easily reached.
Bristol, which lies partly in Virginia and partly in Tennessee, is the
diverging point from which to reach the Holston Springs, in Scott
County. The distance, over a good stage road, is twenty-eight miles.
Under proper management this would in time become one of the best
known watering-places in the country. Its development thus far has
been very slow. There are four kinds of water, common limestone,
chalybeate, a thermal, and white sulphur ; and the different springs are
so close together that the visitor can in turn drink from each with taking
a step. The hotel accommodations are fair.
Ten miles to the west of the Springs is the Natural Tunnel, one of
the greatest curiosities in Virginia. It is reached by stage from Estill-
ville, fourteen miles distant, on the Holston River. The tunnel is five
hundred feet in length, piercing the solid rock, and in shape like the letter
S. The height of the arch varies from twenty to ninety feet. The
scenery in the vicinity is wildly and magnificently grand. The tourist will
find excellent accommodations at Bristol, and a fair hotel at Estillville.
After leaving Virginia, and entering Tennessee, the road passes through
a great variety of landscape, varying from the rugged and majestic scen-
ery of the mountain region to the softly rolling meadows of the valleys
which intersect it.
Cumberland Gap, the great highway between South-western Vir-
ginia and the adjoining States, is a wonderful work of Nature, — a huge
gash through the backbone of the towering range of mountains, six miles
in length, and of a width varying from twenty to several hundred feet.
Precipitous mountains rise on either side to a vast height ; and the
traveller who journeys along the narrow roadway may, in places, look
sheer up the sides of the rocky wall a thousand feet before his gaze rests
on the topmost crag. During the war this gap was strongly fortified by
the Confederates, who held it for months against the strategy and
attacks of a vastly superior force ; thus defending the railroad commu-
nications between Richmond and the South. The gap lies in Knox
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 225
freight of coal. The oddity of the scene is attractive to the stranger;
and this is in the midst of, and surrounded by, the most striking land-
scapes. As you gaze straight down the perspective of the valley, and
mile beyond mile fades in blue distance, you feel that the vision must
reach the distant Susquehanna at Harrisburg. Here is the artist's oppor-
tunity for toil and pleasure: the practical and the ideal are most com-
pletely and artistically blended.
There is still another section lying farther to the north, rivalling this,
both in the magnitude of its coal operations and the grandeur of its
scenery, through which lies the Mahanoy and Shamokin Branch Rail-
road, which passes through and thoroughly permeates the Mahanoy coal-
field. This route terminates on the Susquehanna River at Herndon,
amid scenery of the most lovely character.
In connection with the movements of the coal and general carry-
ing trade of this company, it would be well to give the tourist some
idea of the machinery and material required for this enormous traffic.
There are in use 405 locomotives, 15,073 coal-cars, 3,819 freight and 279
passenger cars; and during the fiscal year ending November, 1874, the
tonnage of the road was, in coal, over six million tons, while that of
merchandise was 3,088,000 tons. The number of passengers carried
amounted to 6,965,000; and when we state that since this company has
been in operation, it has carried over forty-one millions of passengers,
and never killed one, we say what we feel quite able to maintain, that
this is more than can be truly said of any other railroad.
Let us now return to the main, and from Tamaqua start again north-
ward towards Williamsport, feeling that our time has been well spent in
our peregrinations in the wilds of Pennsylvania, in viewing its wonderful
Scenery, and studying its mighty coal interests. In this frame of mind,
we are in good condition to appreciate the startling grandeur of the
Scenes through which runs the Catawissa Branch Road.
In the autumn of 1873, and again in the summer of 1874, it was the
privilege of the author to run leisurely over this portion of the line,
accompanied by D. C. Reinhart, Esq., local superintendent, under cir-
cumstances which enabled him to study carefully the artistic merits of
the route. As a “special,” with locomotive, parlor car, conductor, and
pilot, our party had the road to itself for the day. We had sketching,
berrying, and picnicking to our hearts’ content.
Seated in the last car, watching the changing diorama of the land-
Scape, we almost fail to notice that a gradual ascent is being made. We
pass East Mahanoy Station, and reach Tamanend, where the “through
car” from New York is attached, having come over the Central Railroad
of New Jersey and its Lehigh and Susquehanna and Nesquehoning
Branches, viá Easton, Allentown, and Mauch Chunk. (See index.)
226 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Leaving Tamanend we pass Quakake; and now, in place of running
along the valleys, we are getting up among the mountain tops, passing
through tunnels, winding around curves, on some of which it appears
as if the rear of the train was chasing the engine, and in danger of
making a collision. In the original survey of this road, it was located
on the highlands, while in later years it would have taken the valleys;
thus it required deep cuts, heavy piles, and tunnels. Here may be seen
an American forest preserved in all its wildness; and as we wind around
the hills, climbing higher and still higher, the landscape widens, and
objects in the valleys below grow small in the distance. Still upward
and onward goes the train, twisting around the curves, and darting
through the tunnels, until the summit is reached, and with which comes
a feeling of relief; for we have unconsciously been laboring and strain-
ing to help the engine up the mountain side. Every puff seemed to find
a corresponding echo within us, an inclination to push or help in some
way; but now we are at rest, and drink in the wide-spread view
before us.
Some of the lowering hills, completely cleared to their summits, have
been cultivated; others in all their natural loveliness are covered with
ſolesl, verdure. The valleyG look doop, dark, and lonesome, with here
and there a cultivated spot, with a snug little farmhouse nestled under
the hillside, sheltered from the cold blasts of winter. The blue smoke
that so gracefully curls from the chimney shows, that, although in the
midst of coal, wood still holds sway as fuel, and promises to do so
for years to come.
In the valley, close to Girard Station, is a fine old homestead, which
at one time was the residence of Stephen Girard, to whom Philadelphia
is so greatly indebted for his munificent charities. The ground on
which it stands is, we believe, part of that which was placed in trust
to the city at the time of his death.
Passing Mahanoy and Krebs Stations, we reach Ringtown, and near by
is the first trestle-bridge over which the road crosses. It is a narrow
valley, nearly 150 feet deep. From this point up to Catawissa there
is a succession of these valleys which are spanned in a similar manner,
excepting that at Mainville, where the trestle has been replaced by
a first-class truss-bridge.
We here get the first good view of Catawissa Creek, as it meanders
through the valley far below us at our right. The scene is wild and
picturesque. The creek seems but a narrow thread winding along the
base of the mountains, – here and there lost to sight, and again widen-
ing to a pleasant vista. It is a subject for the artist’s pencil; indeed,
for many miles we watched with pleasure the changing views, unfolded
like a vast panorama of selected Scenes.
PopULAR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM. 227
We are now approaching Mainville Water Gap ; although less
grand than those of the Delaware and Lehigh, it still forms a bold and
enjoyable landscape. The valley is highly cultivated, but is shut in
by bold hills, among which the creek winds until lost in their shadows.
º - º
MAINVILLE WATER GAP.
We seem completely hemmed in; and, while wondering which way the
train will find egress, we suddenly glide around the mountain, and
emerge to the open country beyond, while the scene fades from view.
We cross another trestle, obtaining a fine view of the McAuley and
Nescopec Mountains in the distance. A few miles beyond, Catawissa is
reached. This quaint old town is situated on the North Branch of the
Susquehanna, at the mouth of Catawissa Creek. Nature has done

228 popular REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM.
much for this place, — all, in fact, that an artist could ask in combining
the beautiful with the grand for a painting: bold mountain bluffs, deep
wooded valleys, a brawling stream, a noble river spanned by bridges,
º -- -
---
*** *
CATAWISSA.
Junction of the Catawissa Creek with the Susquehanna.
everything, indeed. But the town exhibits a want of thrift and energy
that is painful to the stranger, who looks with pity upon a community
upon which such fine natural advantages and artificial improvements
are thrown away; for this is a railway centre of no mean advantages.
Thomas Moran, one of Philadelphia's best artists, once sketched and
painted this enchanting scene.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 229.
From Catawissa we cross the Susquehanna to Rupert, a junction.
station, where connection is made with trains on the Lackawanna and
Bloomsburg Railroad, westward to Northumberland, and north-eastward
to Wilkes Barre and Scranton, and by stage to Bloomsburg, a large
manufacturing town, three miles distant. Visitors to North Mountain
(see index) connect here by train for Shickshinny. From Rupert we
follow the North Branch of the Susquehanna to Danville, an important
iron manufacturing town, having a population of ten thousand. The
value of the industrial products of Montour County for 1874 is estimated
at seven million dollars, most of which was produced at Danville.
We are now fairly down into the valley; and moving north-westerly
through Montour and Northumberland Counties, both good agricultural
districts, we reach the West Branch of the Susquehanna at Milton,
an attractive place, pleasantly situated for those who desire a few weeks’
rest and quiet. The hotels are fair in size, and very well kept, with
charges moderate.
The towns of New Columbia and several river stations are now passed
in rapid succession. We have gradually left the coal regions, and with-
out apparent knowledge have been creeping into the very heart of the
largest lumber region in the State.
Muncy is a fast-growing waterside town, the outlet for the lumber
brought by rail and water from the Muncy Creek region. From Milton
we pass Montoursville, another lumber manufacturing town, and, gliding
along the river bank, surrounded by landscapes the most charming, we
rapidly approach the city of Williamsport, where this road has its north-
ern terminus, and where it connects with the Philadelphia and Erie Rail-
way for Lock Haven, the oil regions, Erie, and the West; also with the
“Northern Central ” for Elmira, Watkins Glen, and Canandaigua, con-
necting at the former with the “Erie,” and at the latter place with the
New York Central Railroads, for Buffalo, Rochester, Niagara Falls, and
all principal points in Western New York, the Dominion of Canada, and
the West.
Williamsport has a population of sixteen thousand; is beautifully
located on the West Branch of the Susquehanna, has a number of large
hotels and fine private residences, and excels in these particulars any
city of its size in Pennsylvania. The lumber business is the leading
feature: a walk through what is called the “basin” among the mills
will cause you to wonder at the immensity of that interest.
The stock of lumber, lath, and pickets on hand in this region Jan.
1, 1874, amounted to 363,947,165 feet.
This great corporation, over whose track we have passed through so
many scenes of industry, wealth, and landscape beauty, has many other
interests than those described in this article. It owns or controls 153
230 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
miles of canal, has an immense coal shipping depot in the northern or
Richmond District of Philadelphia; it owns fourteen steam colliers,
having an aggregate carrying capacity of 15,500 tons, in which it trans-
ports, together with canal barges, large quantities of coal to the
Eastern markets. It has its own shipyard for building and repairing
the colliers, and within itself manufactures nearly all of the principal
material used in the operation of a railroad.
COAL TRANSPORT,
In tracing the combined lines of the Philadelphia and Reading Rail-
road our course has led through many and varied scenes of rural and
mountain scenery; but Philadelphians are not confined to mountain
scenery alone: the whole New Jersey coast is at their doors, than which
there are no more delightful seaside resorts in the land. The excellent
railway facilities furnished by the Camden and Atlantic Railroad have
contributed largely to the popularity of Atlantic City, specially noted for
its dry, salubrious climate.
Long Branch is also easily reached, though not as popular with
Philadelphians as Atlantic City and Cape May.
Cape May is also readily accessible, and is the fashionable resort of
Philadelphians.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 231
Long Branch, “one of the most popular seaside resorts in America,
is in Monmouth County, N.J. It was visited for health and recreation
previous to 1812; and, soon after the termination of the war with Great
Britain, hotels were opened for the accommodation of visitors. Still its
magnitude is of recent growth; and the last fifteen years have done more
for its development and improvement than the preceding fifty had accom-
plished. Its hotel accommodations are sufficient for fifteen thousand
persons; yet each recurring season crowds them to their full capacity.
Elegant and spacious cottages, owned and occupied by persons of distinc-
tion, line the principal avenues for long distances, some of them being
surrounded with extensive grounds, highly ornamented and carefully kept.
“The beach at Long Branch is famous for its natural grandeur, as well
as for its artificial attractions. It is an open bluff, rising some twenty
feet or more above the tide-line, and extending a distance of five miles.
Along this, the grand drive is constructed, and the principal hotels are
erected. Here, during the season, showy and elegant equipages dash, in
passing and repassing lines, while the verandas and porticoes are thronged
with spectators. No view could well be more animated or attractive than
this, with its life, gayety, and beauty, relieved by the wide and restless
ocean, Swelling and rolling in boundless perspective. Some of the inland
drives are equally pleasant; and, in fact, the facilities everywhere offered
for this exhilarating enjoyment may be ranked as one of the greatest
attractions of the place. -
“The Monmouth Park race-course is a few miles from Long Branch;
and its annual meetings rank among the most popular in America.
These take place during the ‘season;' and the list of entries generally
embraces all the famous horses on the turf. Nothing on this side of the
Atlantic so nearly approaches an English “Derby Day’ as a sweepstake
at Monmouth Park, when the multitudes from New York, Philadelphia,
and all other adjacent cities and towns, pour out to witness the famed
steeds contend for the championship.”
The State of New Jersey fails to offer any natural wonders to attract
its share of the sight-hunting and money-spending thousands, who afford
a summer harvest for more favored States. But her beaches are among
the finest, as elsewhere described. Doubtless spots of landscape exist
worthy of some delay to those flitting birds of passage; but the Jerseyites
make their summer jaunts to more attractive regions than they can find
at home. Their broad, extended beaches, which prove such sources of
pleasure to the citizens of other States, fail to interest them. For-
tunately, a few hours’ ride will take them to the picturesque region of
Pennsylvania, where they will find mountains and rocks to their heart's
content.
232 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
CAPE MAY.
THIs old, established, and most justly celebrated watering-place is
situated at the extreme southern point of New Jersey, on a narrow
peninsula extending a distance of ten miles, bounded by the waters of
the Atlantic Ocean on one side, and the Delaware Bay on the other.
For more than half a century it has been the resort of persons seeking
health and pleasure during the heated term of the Summer months.
The perfect safety of the surf-bathing, and the firmness of its broad,
even, and unbroken beach, are unequalled at any other seaside resort.
The difficulty in reaching Cape May prevented for many years the
rapid improvements its admirable location seemed to warrant, until the
West-Jersey Railroad Company, appreciating the immense advan-
tages to be gained, have from time to time extended their lines, and in
1863 opened an all-rail route from Philadelphia.
Pleasure tourists, at once becoming acquainted with the facilities thus
afforded, flocked to the Cape. Property increased in value; handsome
and costly cottages were erected, large and commodious hotels built,
novelties introduced; and great improvements were manifest.
The Railroad Company did not confine its efforts mcrely to building
the road, but aided generously with its capital, not only individual enter-
prises, but those to develop the natural advantages of the place.
It now became the resort for the élite and fashionables of Baltimore,
Washington, Pittsburg, and Philadelphia; and, among its many regular
sojourners, Chicago, St. Louis, New Orleans, and San Francisco have
their representatives.
The hotels at this most popular watering-place are conducted in every
manner equal to the principal hotels of our largest cities: the leading
houses, the “Stockton,” “Congress Hall,” and “Columbia,” each accommo-
dating comfortably from one thousand to twelve hundred guests.
The Stockton Hotel, under the management of Charles Duffy, Esq., of
the Continental Hotel, Philadelphia, is without doubt the most attractive
and commodious house to be found at any of our seaside resorts; and, as
a combination of mechanical and architectural beauty, it cannot be sur-
passed.
Congress Hall is the successful rival of the Stockton, and is under the
proprietorship of Col. Cake, the popular landlord of Willard's Hotel,
Washington, D.C. These houses, with the “Columbia '' and fifteen or
twenty others, furnish excellent accommodations to visitors.
Cape May can be reached direct from New York and Philadelphia by
rail, viá the Pennsylvania and West Jersey Railroads. Palace-cars are run
through from New York without changes. Three express-trains are run
daily from Philadelphia, the time being about two and one-half hours.
PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 233
ILLUSTRATED PLEASURE FOUTE No. 19.
Philadelphia, to the
“Garden of the Atlantic Coast,”
Wilmington and Baltimore.
PHILADELPHIA, WILMINGTON, AND BALTIMORE RAILROAD.
THE GARDEN OF THE
ATLANTIC COAST-
IN a country like
the United States of
America, occupying
twenty-five degrees
of latitude and near-
ly sixty degrees of
longitude, divided
from north to south
by several ranges of
lofty mountains, and
drained by many
mighty rivers, it is
natural to suppose
that every variety of
climate, every qual-
ity of soil, and every
class of production,
will be found; afford-
ing ample scope for
the most diversified
tastes, whether for
permanent homes or
temporary stopping
places. Hence it is
that mountain and
sea-shore, waterfalls
and springs, each
have their admirers.
There is a section,
however, which, for
the many points of
excellence it embra-
ces, is comparatively
unknown, - yet a
section, which for
N
W.5
-
º
º
º
\
i
º
º
W
S.
º,
*Ş.
*

234
PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
º
---
|
º
.
º
º º |
!
º
|
|
-
"
the fertility of its
soil, the salubrity of
its climate, and the
abundance of its
fruits, has won for it
the appellation of the
Garden of the Atlan-
tic Coast.
It is here that the
early luxuries are
grown that grace the
tables of every city
north of Mason and
Dixon’s Line. It is
here that the lus-
cious peach is pluck-
ed and strawberry
gathered almost be-
fore the blossom is
slied in a more
northern climate.
If the reader will
turn to the map of
the United States,
this garden can be
easily pointed out,
for its bounds were
set by the Great
Architect of the uni-
verse when the world
began. The waters
of Delaware Bay and
the broad Atlantic
lave its eastern
shores, and the Ches-
apeake separates it
from the main land.
It is here that our
choicest luxuries are
grown.
The production of
this peninsula, in
garden fruits, is












POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
235
simply enormous. A
“strawberry patch”
of fifty or one hun-
dred acres, or a
“fruit yard ” of thir-
ty or forty thousand
peach-trees, is no un-
common sight, upon
which hundreds of
busy hands are en-
gaged in gathering
and shipping the
fruit. Nor do the
attractions of this
peninsula end with
the fruits it pro-
duces ; for it is the
paradise of sports-
men. Both fish and
game abound. Can-
vas-back ducks are P
specially plentiful in
the autumn; and the
immense yield of
oysters in its bays
is a notable feature.
At Cristfield, the
great oyster mart,
fleets of vessels are
constantly arriving
and departing dur-
ing the shipping
season. Nearly sur-
rounded by water,
with the restless
current of the Gulf-
Stream flowing along
its coast, the temper-
ature is warmer in
winter and cooler
in summer than in
other sections of the
same latitude.
º
|
| |
* I
* -
*Hi!
|Hººl
In Mºe iº
| | - dºll
| # = 4.1
||
| - * | mº
| º ºlº
--- *|| -
ºl.
º
|
|
-
|
Hºl.
º º º ==
*
|T
- | | . | º
| -
- - |
ºº::= T.
| ºlº iº
TTT "" N º º
| º- -
| #º |
F- -
I º #||
| | + liº º
|ººl nº- *''''''
|º: N. |Hºº
|, º º T º º
||| º ºl-ſº L
-E
Eºlº
Fi -
fºLIT
fº e- º
|
- |
º *
-

















































236 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
The “Branch * to the Peninsula diverges from the main line at
Delaware Junction, thirty miles from the City of Philadelphia.
This road, commenced in 1832 from Baltimore to Port Deposit, was
consolidated as the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Baltimore, and
finished to Philadelphia in 1838, since which time it has steadily im-
proved in its character and equipments, and advanced in popular favor.
The cars leave Philadelphia from the Company’s depot, corner of
Broad Street and Washington Avenue, and also at its New York connec-
R DLEY STATION
tion, corner of Thirty-first and Market Streets. Within the last decade
the suburbs along this line have been remarkably improved.
The stations along the road are a noticeable feature. These are not
only placed at convenient intervals, but great artistic taste has been dis-
played in their design and decoration. The result is obvious. Persons
of like tastes – wealthy citizens of Philadelphia, seeking suburban
homes—choose localities of which they can speak with pleasure; and the
emphasis with which they allude to “our depot ” is always interesting.
As a result of this liberal movement on the part of the Company,
many elegant villas and country residences have been erected along the

PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 237
line of the road. That of Mr. F. O. C. Darley, the celebrated artist
delineator of American life and scenery, whose illustrations have glad-
dened so many hearts, is subjoined as a sample of the picturesque
character of these structures.
The scenery along the line of the Philadelphia, Wilmington, and
Baltimore Railroad is a fine, rolling country, divided by woodland and
field. Many stately mansions, with their numerous outlying buildings,
crown the ridges, about which lingers an air of independence and com-
fort. The through train glides along, flashing past farms and stations,
affording many broad and pleasing views of the Delaware River at the
left.
º
RESIDENCE OF F. o. c. DARLEY, ESQ.
Wilmington is the chief city of the State of Delaware, has 30,840
inhabitants, and is pleasantly located on land sloping down to the river.
The town is regularly built, and has many churches and public build-
ings, and is the seat of considerable manufacturing interest.
There are many pleasing localities in the neighborhood. The Brandy-
wine Springs are near, and as a summer resort have a fine local fame.
The waters are recommended by the medical faculty; and good hotel
accommodations will be found.
THE WILMINGto.N AND READING RAILRoAD diverges from Wilming-
ton, and, continuing up the valley of the Brandywine, intersecting the
Philadelphia and Reading Railroad at Birdsboro’, opens up a route of
great historic interest and scenic beauty. Eighteen miles beyond Wil-

238 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
mington, at Elkton, we cross the famous Mason and Dixon's Line. “Lit-
tle did Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon dream, as they set that tangent
point for the de-
Le rulination of
boundary-lines of
three States, how
famous they
would become.”
We are now rap-
idly approaching
the Susquehan-
na at Havre de
Grace, a region
filled with game,
and the shooting-
ground for sports-
men. The Ches-
apcake Bay here
meets the Sus-
quehanna River;
and through hun-
dreds of estuaries
the bay intwines
with the outlets
of the river: the
coast line is often
lost in winding
bays, or among
the projecting
headlands and
foliage-clad
shores. A good
locality for camp-
ing-out parties.
Havre de Grace is also noted for its magnificent bridge over the Sus-
quehanna, 3,273 feet long, which in itself is worthy a chapter; and its
scenery possesses many points of interest, particularly if the tourist has
the time for a short detour up the Port Deposit Branch Road to Perry-
ville. The route leads under an overhanging cliff called Mount Ararat,
which strengthens and gives fresh variety to the scenery.
Continuing from Havre de Grace to Baltimore, the rolling character of
the scenery increases, with many fine water views, and much of interest
to the tourist. This is the direct line from the North to the South.
MOUNT ARARAT.

PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 239
ILLUSTRATED PLEASURE FROUTE No. 2C).
Baltimore and Washington to Fortress Monroe, Hampton
Roads, and Vicinity.
FORTRESS MONIROE.
ForTREss Monroß and its immediate surroundings to Americans
certainly, and to a large number of Europeans, has now become classic.
It was here the Army of the Potomac first landed in Virginia, on its
memorable march up the Peninsula, undergoing all the terrible trials
and sufferings of a protracted and bloody war; it was here that four
years later this same army embarked for the homes they so longed
to reach, with peace again ruling o'er the nation; here, too, under
the eyes of thousands of anxious watchers, the great battle of the “Merri-
mack" and “Monitor” was fought : many yet resident at Old Point give
vivid descriptions of every event in that mighty conflict, and mark the
steps of its progress to the listener with vivid scenes of it before him.
The fortress itself — the largest in the United States — is a grand
feature in the attractiveness of the locality, and contains within it many
objects of the greatest interest to the visitor. Its extensive and beautiful
parade, shaded with live-Oaks; its slopes, coated with green from March
until November; and its garrison, the famed Artillery School, with the
music of an excellent band at the morning guard mount and the even-
ing dress parade, give to the visitor pleasures to be found at very few
resorts in our country.
There is within the fortress, also, a museum containing objects of
great interest to the civilian as well as to the soldier; and many hours
may be pleasantly and profitably passed by the visitor in looking over
the collection.
The drives in the vicinity to the Hampton Normal School, the Na-
tional Military Home, the National Cemetery, and to and through
the town of Hampton, are over good roads, and also command many
exceedingly interesting landscape views. In the town of Hampton is
one of the oldest churches in our country, the inscriptions on some of the
tombs in its cemetery bearing date as early as 1658.
For the invalid, as well as the robust pleasure-seeker, the climate
at Old Point Comfort is unsurpassed for salubrity, and is exceptionally
free from great and sudden changes in temperature, in support of which
is the range of the thermometer here, as taken from the notes of
the Meteorological Observatory. These show an average for the past
ten years of 489, 529, and 639 for the spring; 60°, 74°, and 76°, for the
summer; 70°, 59 , and 46°, for the autumn; and 45 , 44°, and 42° for the
winter months.
240 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
The invalid en route for the warmer climate of Florida to recuperate,
or returning therefrom, and fearing to face the rigors of an uncertain
month in
spring at the
North, may
find a rest-
ing place at
For tress
Monroe, free
from all dan-
ger of sud-
den and vio-
lent changes
in tempera-
ture. Boat-
ing and fish-
ing may be
enjoyed ful-
ly on and in
the broad
waters of
Hampton
Roads and
Chesapeake
Bay, and the
fish are very
plentifuland
excellent in
character.
The Hamp-
ton Bar and
Lyn haven
oysters, de-
servedly cel-
e bºr a t e d
wherever
this luxury
--
| | | || ||
- º
|W º º m º
is known, are here found in abundance. The bathing also is very fine,
the beach being of an easy and continuous slope, and unusually free from
large pebbles.
The Hygeia Hotel, lately built at Fortress Monroe, or Old Point Comfort,
as it was generally named by visitors in ante-bellum times, takes the
place of the one of that name which was in existence before the war,


PopULAR RESORTs, AND How To REACH THEM. 241
and was patronized by many of the best of our people from all sections of
the Union. This hotel is most thoroughly built and elegantly furnished,
and its situation is admirable, far superior to the old Hygeia, and is in
all its appointments every way worthy of its beautiful locality. It
stands upon the beach, at the head of the broad and substantial landing
provided by the National Government for the various steamers which
touch here daily to land their passengers and mails. From its balconies
and corridors, the view of Hampton Roads and Chesapeake Bay is
unsurpassed. Even Cape Henry and Cape Charles light-houses may
be seen on a clear day, or their lights by night, without the aid of a
glass. Vessels of all classes, steam and sail, American and foreign, are
passing at all times or riding at their anchors in sight from every room.
The ever-changing scenes from the balconies are a source of never-ending
interest and pleasure. Fortress Monroe may be reached daily from Bal-
timore by the splendid steamers of the Baltimore Steam Packet Company
(Old Bay Line), which connect at Baltimore with through trains to and
from Philadelphia, New York, and all northern points, and from New
York by the elegant steamships of the Old Dominion Steamship Company.
The steamers for Washington, Richmond, Norfolk, Cherrystone, York-
town, and Cobb's Island, also touch here, both going and returning,
affording unsurpassed mail facilities from every section of the country.
In conducting the hotel, every effort is made by the proprietor to insure
the comfort and pleasure of his guests, and to make the “Hygeia" in
every respect worthy of patronage. The table is supplied in abundance
with every delicacy of a locality rich in edibles rare in more northern
latitudes; and facilities are provided for bathing, boating, and fishing, all
of which can be reached literally at the doorstep of the house.

242 PopULAR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM.
ILLUSTRATED PLEASURE ROUTE No. 21.
Philadelphia, New York, and the East, to Harrisburg,
Pittsburg, the West, and South-west.
THE PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD.
The Pennsylvania Railroad may well be said to stand at the head of
the railway system of America. Like the aorta of the human body, which
connects the heart with other important organs, thence ramifying into
the extremities, this road, with its branches and connections, forms the
great central line of the country. It not only extends a greater number of
miles, uses more run-
ning stock, and employs;
more men, than any :
other, but in point of
construction it is con-
sidered the model rail-
road of the United
States. The bridges º -
alone, in the scientific COATESVILLE BRIDGE.
knowledge and artistic
beauty displayed in their construction, would form an exhaustive
subject for description. The Coatesville Bridge, at the village of
Coatesville, is a beautiful and imposing structure. It stretches



POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 243
eight hundred and fifty feet across a chasm, and is seventy-five
feet high. Like many of the bridges along this road, it is built
of iron supported by stone pillars, thus securing strength and dura-
bility with architectural beauty combined. Indeed, this is a distinctive
feature of the Pennsylvania Railroad; and throughout the entire line
no expense is spared in the construction of bridges and culverts.
Fairmount Park, Philadelphia.
“So far as scenery goes, no lines of railroad on the continent can sur-
pass those running through Pennsylvania. Magnificent agricultural
panoramas, beautiful river views, splendid mountain pictures, picturesque
hills and valleys, lovely villages, and flourishing towns and cities, are
seen in quick succession. A ride of twelve hours between Philadelphia
and Pittsburg shows more interesting variety than can be seen in the
same time and distance anywhere else in the United States.
“On, on, on, goes this tireless train, over a clear track, carrying the
traveller by a panorama, the like of which can be found nowhere else on
this continent, and probably not in the world. After having break-
fasted in the Mississippi Valley, and dined at the capital of Pennsylvania,
the passenger finds himself seated at supper in the metropolis of New
York, where the Atlantic throbs and swells in its ceaseless activity.
“It is no new thing to say that the scenery on the line of the Penn-
sylvania road is beautiful, and in many places grand. Every American


º
º
|

PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 245
who travels or reads has seen or heard of it: and the pencils of many
artists have labored lovingly to portray, for popular gratification, the at-
tractions of the Alleghany mountains; the Juniata, Susquehanna, and
Conemaugh Rivers, and the wonderful agricultural vales of Lancaster
and Chester Counties, through which this road runs. Long sweeps of
wooded hills; lofty mountains and dark ravines; picturesque valleys
opening into each other; sparkling and placid waters; wide, rolling, pas-
toral landscapes, –follow in rapid succession. The magnificent rivers
are crossed by corresponding bridges. The bold mountain ranges and
wild ravines, which would have disheartened a less enterprising company,
are overcome by feats of engineering skill, which, combined with the
natural artistic features of the country, make this the most interesting
route in America.
INTERNATIONAL EXHIBITION.
Philadelphia, April 19, 1876.
In the approaching anniversary of our nation's birth, when Philadel-
phia shall become the central point of attraction, and tourists by thou-
sands leave their distant homes to view the spot where a few honored
men dared to brave the anger of a British Crown and proclaim freedom
to a nation, this line, more than any other, will bear them on their way,
affording opportunity to thousands to test its accommodations and attrac-
tions. As each mile passed brings them nearer the city they will remark
with surprise the remarkable rapidity of the train and the complete
arrangements with which every detail of the work is accomplished.
A few years ago a man who would have predicted such improve-
ments would have been pronounced hopelessly insane, not even the

246 PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM.
most sanguine enthusiast on railroads, when their construction was com-
menced, dreamed of overcoming distance so rapidly and at such a rate;
and it is only because of the perfection of machinery and the inventions
of science that it can be done now.
FAIRMOUNT PARK, PHILADELPHIA.
Tourists, especially for pleasure, can scarcely find a more desirable spot
for a day's enjoyment than Fairmount Park. Central Park of New York
is older, and has received more artificial embellishments; but in size, or
in the character of natural attractions, Fairmount has no equal in Amer-
ica. It contains nearly three thousand acres, –more than three times as
large as Central Park. The beautiful Schuylkill flows through it, afford-
ing a great variety of fine water views, with admirable facilities for
boating. In addition to this, the Wissahickon –famous for its charm-
ing, picturesque scenery — contributes six miles of leafy banks to its
adornment. The Fairmount Water-works, which have been in operation
since 1822; the celebrated Wire Bridge; the bronze statue of Lincoln;
the mansion of Robert Morris of Revolutionary fame, once the resort of
illustrious men, now fallen to decay, - are among the attractions. But
nothing short of a personal visit can convey an idea of its beauties.
The charming Wissahickon of itself indelibly fixes for Fairmount
Park a pre-eminence over any of its competitors. It is rare, indeed, that

PopUI.AR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 247
a city of the magnitude of Philadelphia can boast within its borders a
“retreat” of such rich variety and exquisite loveliness. A more pleasing
combination of the wild and picturesque, the grand and beautiful, cannot
be found in America, than are presented on the banks of the Wissahickon.
Fair mount can be
reached by several lines
of street railway, or via
Pennsylvania Railroad to
Hestonville, West Phila-
delphia, which is three
miles from the depot at
Thirty-second and Market
streets.
STATISTICAL DATA.
The Pennsylvania Rail-
road (main line) formerly
extended from Philadel-
phia to Pittsburg, a dis-
tance of three hundred
and fifty-four miles. Now
it has its eastern termini
at New York, Philadel-
phia, Baltimore, and
§ Washington; and unites
them, by its own direct
% lines, with Pittsburg,
Erie, Cleveland, Toledo,
Chicago, Cincinnati, In-
dianapolis, Louisvillo, and
St. Louis. Connections
are also made with St.
Paul, Duluth, Omaha,
Denver, the cities of California, and with Memphis, Mobile, and New
Orleans.
To transact its extended and diversified business, the Company now
owns, and runs upon its own lines, eleven hundred locomotives, one thou-
sand passenger cars, and twenty-six thousand freight cars. It owns two
thousand miles of completed road, besides the other thousands which it
controls. Its workshops cover an area of more than five hundred acres.
It employs a vast army of men, many of whom are mechanics and experts
of the highest skill. It has two hundred and twenty-two foreign ticket-
offices (and agents, independent of those at its own stations), established

248 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
in thirteen different States. Its chief officers have been civil engineers;
and they employ in their service thoroughly practical men.
It is from the proceeds of a business of such mammoth proportions
that this Company are able to overcome difficulties along portions of their
line, which it would be folly for a less wealthy corporation to undertake.
A knowledge of these advantages induced the formation of a new organi-
zation, known as the “Pennsylvania Company,” having for its object the
consolidation and harmonious management of all roads under its control.
This company, with a capital of $12,000,000, was organized by the elec-
tion of Thomas A. Scott, Esq., as president. In 1873 it had nearly five
thousand miles of railroad under its control.
CONSTRUCTION.
Ordinarily companies are satisfied if their roads are graded with sand
or gravel. The Pennsylvania uses, in addition, eighteen inches of broken
stone, in which the ties are embedded. This insures a dry, elastic, per-
manent bed, free from dust, allowing the car doors and windows to be
kept open in summer. Steel rails of maximum weight are used, con-
nected at the ends by plates, bolted to the sides, but so arranged that
oxpansion or contraction will not cramp tho rail. The joints are made
between ties; thus insuring an agreeable elasticity, which rails secured in
a “chair,” on the ties, never have.
The Pennsylvania Railroad Company, in the construction of its road,
employs the highest grade of engineering talent, and the best skilled
labor: hence, although its course along the streams and through the
mountains follows a tortuous route, a rate of speed can be maintained
with impunity which would be actually dangerous on most roads in the
country. Although the original cost of construction is much greater, the
Pennsylvania Company finds it more satisfactory, and believes it to be
cheaper in the end. The “stone ballast ’’ allows the water from the
heavy rains of autumn to percolate through it, leaving a dry bed for win-
ter, and therefore free from the annoying frost upheavals, and consequent
displacement of rails, as well as from the dust of Summer, to which clay
and gravel ballasted roads are subjected. “Jumping the track’ is never
known on the Pennsylvania Road. This is believed to be due to the
thorough construction of its bed. . .
The accommodations provided for summer tourists on the line of the
Pennsylvania Railroad are unsurpassed. Good hotels in all the towns
reached by it are the rule, not the exception; and many of them are
elegant in all their appointments. It would be difficult to select any
highway of travel anywhere that can compare, in the essentials of com-
fort, safety, expedition, and interest, with the magnificent system of
railroads managed by this Company. -
||||||||º |
|
|
|
º: º
|

250 PopULAR RESORTs, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
The day express from Pittsburg to New York is a wonderful result of
engineering skill.
This magnificent run of four hundred and forty-four miles is made with
but three stoppages, – the first, of only five minutes, at Altoona, after a
stretch of one hundred and seventeen miles; the second, of twenty
minutes for dinner, at Harrisburg, after an unbroken dash of one hun-
dred and thirty-two miles; and the third and last, of only five minutes, at
Philadelphia, after a run of one hundred and five miles, leaving a single
stretch of ninety miles across New Jersey to destination. No time being
lost in stopping, the wonderful locomotive-engines work away with the
regularity of fixed machinery, -taking their supply of water from the track-
tanks as they go, and carrying their fuel with them ; and the time is made by
uniformity of progress more than by an increased rate of speed. The
train is made up of Pullman parlor cars and the best of the Company’s
day coaches, all splendidly upholstered, mounted on combination springs,
and furnished with plate-glass windows, through which the landscape
can be distinctly seen.
But it is, perhaps, more natural to take the tourist, in imagination,
from the eastern to the western termini. A description of the route
from Washington and Baltimore will be found elsewhere, in an article
on the Northern Central Railroad. That train joins us.
The tourist will early remark the tasteful yet substantial character of
the stations on the Pennsylvania Railroad. These are usually built of
stone; and for artistic effect several kinds are frequently used.
The thorough construction of the road-bed will also be noticed; the
“stone ballast’ and other features tending to give strength and durability
to the structure. But the first peculiar sensation will be experienced as
the train, with unabated speed, dashes around a curve in the road; and
the oscillating movement of the car instinctively causes you to attempt
to overcome it. But confidence soon assumes her sway; and what was at
first a cause of fear becomes a source of pleasure. Chester Valley fur-
nishes the first grand view of landscape scenery. The cars pass along an
elevated ridge on the Outer rim of this magnificent amphitheatre, afford-
ing a landscape of peculiar grandeur and loveliness. From Philadelphia
to Lancaster the road leads through an undulating country, interspersed
with fine cultivated farms, fields, and forests, while thriving villages and
flourishing manufactories enliven the scene.
The Columbia Branch, which intersects the Pennsylvania Railroad
at Lancaster, connects at Columbia with the York Branch, and at York
with the Northern Central Railroad, affording the most direct route from
Philadelphia to Gettysburg, a very popular resort.
A few minutes spent at Lancaster for refreshments, and the train is
hurrying on to the banks of the Susquehanna, which we strike a short
PopULAR RESORTs, AND How To REACH THEM. 251
distance below Harrisburg; and until we reach that place the river is
constantly in view. On the opposite banks the trains on the Northern
Central Railroad, with passengers from Baltimore and Washington, can
be seen.
A few miles above Harrisburg, the Pennsylvania Railroad crosses the
Susquehanna over a bridge 3,845 feet long, affording an imposing view
of the river and surrounding scenery. At this point the mountain barrier
has been forced asunder by some mighty convulsion; and the grand old
stream, having united its forces above, moves calmly on to the sea. This
mountain gorge is the gate which opens to fields beyond of untold wealth
and beauty. From this point, by the Northern Central and Philadelphia
and Erie Railroads, on the east bank of the river, we can continue a
hundred miles along this beautiful stream, with scenes ever changing
ever new, and yet so beautiful that every turn presents a charming
picture. Here bold, precipitous mountains, with overhanging rocks,
crowd down to the river's bank, around which we quickly glide : again
the hills recede to the blue distance, giving place to rich, cultivated fields
and cosey farm-houses. But our course leads up the west bank of the Sus-
quehanna, the most magnificent river in Pennsylvania, to the mouth of
THE BEAUTIFUL JUNIATA,
Turning up this lovely stream, whose praises have been sung by the
poet's muse, we flash along its banks, around the hills, and through the
valleys, catching, as we go, glimpses of picturesque villages, quiet vistas,
and charming landscapes, stopping at last at Altoona.

252 PopULAR REsorts, AND How TO REACH THEM.
“Altoona is situated at the head of Logan Valley, immediately at the
base of the main Alleghany Mountains, and is the location of the principal
construction and repair shops of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company.
This Company has, in fact, created the town; and the business it concen-
trates here not only sustains it, but stimulates it into prosperity and rapid
growth. The shops of the Company are among the most extensive and
complete on the continent, and in themselves are objects of more than
ordinary interest, illustrating, as they do, the perfection of American
railroad management.”
ºr.<=
º -
º
--->
**** º: -
º º
- º
º
==
LOGAN HOUSE, ALTOONA, PENN,
Pennsylvania Railroad.
Southward from Altoona runs a system of branch railroads, penetrat-
ing the extensive iron deposits and rich agricultural valleys existing in
Blair County. The manufacture of iron is extensively carried on all
through this region, some of the establishments being large and complete.
The limestone valleys are highly improved, and among the most pro-
ductive in Pennsylvania. Wedged in between the eastern spurs of the
Alleghanies, they are surrounded by picturesque scenery, and enjoy an
atmosphere of more than ordinary purity. The streams flowing through
them are fed by mountain springs, and are deliciously cool and clear,
affording favorite homes for trout; and the angler finds the locality one
of his paradises.


POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 253
At Altoona, our sharpened appetite appeased at the Logan House,
one of the many excellent hotels built by the Company for the accom-
modation of travellers, and re-enforced by an additional locomotive, with
undiminished speed we dash up a grade of ninety-five feet to the mile.
Bold precipices and deep chasms threaten our further course; yet up, up the
mountain-side we climb, this load of living freight, along a route which
the frightened deer would have shunned a half century ago. But now
our course is surely barred : high precipices tower above our heads; and
the roar of a wild torrent can be heard through the mists of the deepen-
ing valley below. As we enter a gorge, the mountain flings itself in our
path; but, turning to the left, on we fly. We pass the famous “Horse-
shoe Bend,” and the race is won. By engineering skill, that charm of
science, this seemingly impassable gulf is safely passed. The train soon
enters a tunnel of 3,872 feet, and emerges on the western face of the
mountains. We stop at “Cresson’’ the popular summer resort, near
the summit of the Alleghanies, and leave the visitors to this delightful
“retreat.”
Pennsylvania Railroad.
“Cresson — situated almost on the summit of the Alleghany Moun-
tains, where they are crossed by the Pennsylvania Railroad, at an alti-
tude of two thousand feet above the level of the sea—is a very popular
resort during the hot months of summer.

254 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
The accommodations provided are of the best kind; the surround-
ings are attractive; the atmosphere is deliciously cool and pure.”
The primeval forests, with which the place is surrounded, are permeated
by a labyrinth of paths, cosey nooks, and rustic seats. Berries of the most
luxuriant growth abound; “and, in brief, it would be difficult to find a
more delightful retreat from the stifling heat of cities in midsummer,
than is here provided by nature and art combined. Several springs of
medicinal waters flow from the mountain in the vicinity; and pleasant
drives lead away through the almost unbroken forests, where the laurel
spreads its wreath of blossoms in spring, and resinous hemlocks and pines
give forth their aroma, and sigh their ceaseless music. The old Portage
Road, with its ten inclined planes—once an American wonder, but now
abandoned — crossed the mountain very near to Cresson, and in its ruins
possesses great interest for all who note the advance of improvement.
A short distance from the place, and accessible by stages, is Loretto, a
centre of Catholic faith and education, founded by Father Gallitzen, a
prince of the noble house of that name in Russia, who retired into this
wilderness, and devoted his fortune and his life to the cause of religion.”
On resuming our westward course with rapid speed, the downward
grade is passed: yet the Westinghouse Air Brake controls the train, giv-
ing security to its movements, and ease and confidence to the tourist.
The scenery from the Alleghanies to Pittsburg, though fine, does not
compare with the remarkable combination of the beautiful, thegr and,
and the sublime to be found east of the mountains.
Pittsburg is located at the junction of the Monongahela and Alleghany
Rivers, the head waters of the Ohio. It commands an immense inland
navigation, and possesses remarkable geographical advantages. It is
situated in the heart of the bituminous coal formation; and the location
of extensive beds of iron ore is equally favorable. Pittsburg is also an
important railway centre, besides being one of the most thriving manu-
facturing cities in the Union. The scenery here is bold and striking.
The Branch Roads of this Company reach some of the most delight-
ful summer resorts in the United States, and carry the traveller through
scenery as beautiful as can be found on the continent. At Harrisburg
connection is made with the Cumberland Valley Railroad, which passes
through the lovely Cumberland and into the great Shenandoah Valley
of Virginia. At Huntingdon trains are in waiting to convey visitors to
the famed Bedford Springs; and at Tyrone connection is made with the
Bald Eagle Valley and Clearfield Roads, which run through regions un- -
surpassed in picturesqueness. Indeed, as before stated, to give any thing
like a connected sketch of the scenery reached by the Pennsylvania Rail-
road and its branches, would require a book of itself. ..." .."
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 255
ILLUSTRATED PLEASURE FOUTE No. 22.
From Washington and the South, through Baltimore, Har-
risburg, Williamsport, and Elmira, to Watkins Glen and
Niagara Falls.
* -
º-ºº: -
is: º º
WASHINGTON, D.C., FROM ARLINGTON HEIGHTS.
A BIRD's-EYE view of the metropolis of the nation, from a spot as-
sociated with so many historic memories, can scarcely fail to interest the
tourist. Beneath the central dome of the picture are supposed to con-
gregate the assembled wisdom of the nation, drawn to Washington to
deliberate upon the important questions of the day. Here, too, assemble
the beauty and gayety of the country, whose encouraging presence gives
zest to the debate, and whose cheering hospitality gives relief from the
labors of the hour.
THE CAPitoi, stands on an eminence ninety feet above tide-water.
The site was selected by George Washington; and the corner-stone
was laid by him Sept. 18, 1793. It was first occupied by Congress on
the third Monday of November, 1800. On the 24th of August, 1814,
the interior was destroyed by fire by British troops. In 1850 Congress
voted an extension, the corner-stone of which was laid by President Fill-
more, July 4, 1851. The statue of America, which surmounts the
present dome, is two hundred and ninety-six feet and six inches above
the ground. The plan of the city embodies two sets of streets, one set
running with the four cardinal points, across which the avenues run diago-
nally.




256 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
The stranger should also visit the Executive Mansion; State, Treasury,
War, Navy, Post-Office, and Interior Departments; Patent Office; Smith-
sonian Institute, &c.
In times past a visit to Washington from remote sections of the coun-
try was an event of no ordinary character. Weeks were consumed in
performing what a few hours will now accomplish. Perhaps the most
important improvement of recent date is the completion of the Balti-
more and Potomac Railway, by the Northern Central, and its
great ally the Pennsylvania Railroad, from Baltimore through
Washington to Quantico, Va., a point of junction with the “Richmond,
Fredericksburg, and Potomac" Railroad, securing an unbroken railway
connection with the South Atlantic and Gulf States, the North, and the
Great West.
This line connects
with the Northern Cen-
tral, by tunnel through
Baltimore, at the north-
ern limit of the city.
Here also connection is
made with the Union
Railroad, designed as a
| connecting link with the
| Philadelphia, Wilming-
ton, and Baltimore Rail-
road, and through it with
the railroad system of
the Middle and New-
England States, by which
trains now pass through
Baltimore without the
aid of horses.
ENTRANCE TO BALTIMORE TUNNEL.
The Northern Central Railroad, which commences at Baltimore,
and runs almost due north through Maryland and Pennsylvania, penetrat-
ing into the State of New York as far as Canandaigua, offers to the tourist
and traveller a variety of beautiful scenery unsurpassed on the American
Continent.
The Excursion.
Leaving Baltimore at 7.30 in the morning, provided with elegant
coaches, Westinghouse air-brakes, and all the modern appliances which

popula it resorts, AND How to REACH THEM. 257
add to the comfort or safety of the passenger, we move through the
northern suburbs of the city, and pass along “Jones Falls,” a small
stream, seemingly FROM THE TIDE WATLRS OF THE SOUTH
--> *-
-
insignificant as it creeps ºf
lazily over its rocky : -
bed, but which has
caused the city fathers
of Baltimoro much
anxiety as to “what
they will do with it.”
Seven miles from Bal-
timore we break sud-
denly upon “L a ke
Itoland,” a small but
be a utiful sheet of
water, the source from
which a populous city
draws its supply. For
twenty miles we pass
through a rich lime-
slume valley, where the
abundant crops give
token of the richness
of the soil. The road TO THE PICTURESQUE REGIONS OF THE NORTH.
follows the tortuous course of the stream, affording at every turn new
and pleasing views. Thirty-five miles from Baltimore we cross the
Maryland line, and enter Pennsylvania. Passing through a rich agricul-
tural district, filled with substantial farm-houses and small villages
we arrive at Hanover Junction. At this point connection is made with
the railroad to Gettysburg, thirty miles distant, where that memorable
battle was fought that obtained for it the name of the “Waterloo of
America,” and which will make it a place of interest for all time.
Soon after leaving Hanover Junction the spires of the borough of
York are seen in the distance. We are whirled rapidly along, now and
again catching glimpses of the substantially built portion of the town.
York is a thriving borough of some twelve thousand inhabitants, the
county-seat of York County, and the centre of a rich farming district.
During the invasion of Pennsylvania in June, 1863, it was laid un-
der contribution by Gen. Early. Twelve bridges on the line of the
Northern Central Road were burned at the same time, and nineteen on
the “Wrightsville Branch,” which extends from York to Wrightsville,
and thence by the “Columbia Branch” to Lancaster, where connection is
made with the Pennsylvania Railroad.



258 PopULAR REsokºrs, AND How to REACH THEM.
After a stop at York of five minutes we are away again; and ere long
we reach the banks of the beautiful Susquehanna. On we speed, the
noble river on our right flowing calmly onward to the sea. We are now
approaching Harrisburg, the capital of Pennsylvania. The river, as we
glide along its banks, with its attractive scenery, its islands and rocks,
with the town beyond, affords a view of unusual beauty.
The Ilu-
illerous is-
lands and
huge mass-
ºs of rock with which the broad bosom
of the river is studded lend the charm
of variety to the scenery. Now and
again long bridges span the noble
stream; villages are seen on the opposite shore; and for
fifty miles we have a changing panorama of river
scenery. W -
Harrisburg is reached by the Northern Central, over a bridge a mile
in length; the trains running on the top. Nothing obstructs the pros-
pect up or down the river; and the slow rate of speed allows a good five






PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 259
minutes' view of rare loveliness from a car window. Harrisburg is the point
of connection with the “Pennsylvania,” the “Cumberland Valley,” and
the “Philadelphia and Reading” Railroads. Here a magnificent Pullman
Parlor Car is added to our train, and a coach from Philadelphia. These
are run daily between Philadelphia, and Watkins and Rochester, N.Y.
º - -º-º:
º & º
HARRISBURG, PA.
Northern Central Railroad. -
The city of Harrisburg is pleasantly located, over-
looking the Susquehanna, which is here spanned
by two fine bridges a mile in length, connecting
Harrisburg with Bridgeport, from which point the
above view was sketched.
Having made connection with the train from
Philadelphia, we again continue our course up the
banks of the Susquehanna. The scenery is one un-
broken panorama of loveliness, - a combination of
views, either of which would make the reputation of any popular resort.
Approaching Sunbury, the conductor calls out, “Passengers for Shamo-
kin, Mt. Carmel, &c., change cars.” This is the terminus of the main



260 PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
line of the Northern Central Railway, one hundred and thirty-eight
miles from Baltimore; and here connection is made with the “Philadel-
phia and the Erie" Railroad, extending in a northwesterly direction
through Pennsylvania to Erie, a distance of two hundred and eighty-
eight miles. This road, forty miles of which unite the main line of the
Northern Central with its leased roads north of Williamsport, is leased
and operated by the Pennsylvania Railroad. From Sunbury we pass
up the valley of the West Branch of the Susquehanna to Williams-
port. A sumptuous dinner awaits us at the “Herdic House,” which is
one of the best hotels in Pennsylvania. Fifty-two miles above we reach
Renova Springs, a resort of great beauty and growing popularity.
º
|-
Ill * = :
| |mi -
||| - i i. º º |
- - - |
|
| | |
Sºs º
RENOVA HOUSE.
At Williamsport the “Northern Central” road leaves the Susquehanna,
continuing northward up Lycoming Creek, which it crosses nineteen times
in twenty-six miles. High hills broken into a thousand forms hem it in,
many rising into mountain-peaks which cut sharply against the sky.
Waterfalls spring from their rugged sides, and are lost in the tangled
growth below. The valley is narrow, in places a mere cañon, yet rich in
the washings of ages. Ralston is the first place of note on this division.
The cool and invigorating atmosphere, the grand scenery, excellent
trout fishing, and good fare have already secured for this locality an
unusually large number of guests during the summer months.


PopUI, Air RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 261
This is a good illustration of the scenery in the vicinity. This stream
is famous for the number, variety, and beauty of its waterfalls. The
whole region pos-
sesses great attrac-
tions for the artist
and loyer of utilure.
It is also noted for the
number of its trout
brooks and abundance
of fish, affording an
excellent opportunity
for the follower of
Izaak Walton to be
guile the lonely hours
far away from the
haunts of men; also an
abundance of deer and
other game in their
season. Is it strange,
then, that this pic-
turesque region is
rapidly growing in
favor with tourists
and pleasure-seekers?
Four miles above
Ralston we reach
Roaring Creek, a name
sigiliſleaul of the wild
scenery of the neigh- %. Yº
borhood. A good ho- ºft
tel furnishes accom- ºs- --~~
modations for visitors.
A more productive
soil covers the hills: many are cultivated far up their slopes. Occa-
sionally wild torrents are seen hurrying down the mountain sides, at
places forming beautiful cascades. We are nearing the summit: the
country opens; and broader fields meet the eye. The water with the de-
scending grade now turns northward ; and the train flies rapidly on.
The village of Canton is next reached. We have now fairly left the
mountains: broad cultivated fields stretch far up the neighboring hills,
which with gentle undulations surround the town. A picturesque stream
finds its way through the valley opening to the east.
Minnequa Springs, a popular summer resort, is only two miles beyond.
ſº
% º
Zº
-
DUTCHMAN'S RUN, RALSTON, PA.






262 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Minnequa is chiefly noted for the medicinal character of its waters.
Alba, the next station, is a quiet hamlet nestled among the hills. From
this place to Troy the scenery possesses little to interest the traveller;
but Troy is a delightful village, handsomely located, and contains many
beautiful private residences and several churches. Sugar Creek flows
through the village, which adds to the picturesque beauty of the place.
From Troy to Elmira the railroad runs through an agricultural country
with valleys flanked by high hills. These become less abrupt as they
meet those bounding the valley of the Chemung, which, crossing at right
angles, extends nearly fifty miles east and west, between the Susquehanna
River and Painted Post; Elmira being about midway, the largest and most
thrifty city in Southern New York. It has a population of twenty thou-
sand. The city is built on an extended plain, bounded by chains of lofty
hills, some of which admit of cultivation to their very summits, while
others are crowned by heavy woodland. The streets are broad, crossing each
other at right angles, and are lined with shade-trees. The Chemung River
flows through the midst of the city, and is spanned by three iron bridges,
one of which is completed. Elmira, the seat of several very prosperous
manufacturing interests, is also surrounded by a rich agricultural re-
gion, and is the great railway centre of Southern New York. The
“Erie.” running east and west, and the “Lehigh Valley” and “Northern
Central ” from the South, unite here, and continue north and westward,
connecting with the “Great Western.” The “Utica, Ithaca, and Elmira”
Railway will also have its terminus here. Many features of mechanical
industry will interest the tourist. The Elmira Rolling Mills are the
most important in the State, and turn out daily large quantities of rail-
road rails and merchantable iron. The La France Rotary Pump and
Steam Engine Manufactory is attracting great attention among practical
men, and will repay an examination from those interested. The Pull-
man Car, which contributes to the comfort and enjoyment of so many,
is built here; also the Erie Car Shops, and many wholesale boot and shoe
manufactories, all testifying to the growing importance of this manu-
facturing centre. -
Elmira is also an immense coal-distributing point, for both anthracite
and bituminous from the “Lehigh Valley” and the “Northern Central ”
Railroads. The Pittston and Elmira Coal Company, and Langdon & *
Co., with principal offices in this city, handle over half a million tons of
anthracite annually; while the MacIntyre Coal Company mine and ship
through this city three hundred thousand tons annually of bituminous
coal from Ralston, Penn., fifty miles south.
Elmira’s educational institutions are celebrated. The Female Col-
lege has a national reputation; and its buildings and grounds are an
ornament to the city.
PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH the M. 263
We are rapidly approaching a section of country noted for its deep
gorges, or glens, cut far down the solid rock by the action of running
streams. These form a great variety of water views, of which the accom-
=---
EMPIRE FALL–GLEN Excelsior.
panying cut of Empire
Fall, Glen Excelsior, is a
fine illustration. These
falls are on the east side
of the valley, near the
head of Seneca Lake, not
in sight from the road.
but are visited from Wat-
kins in a small steamer
which plies on the lake
for the accommodation
of excursion parties.
Empire Fall consists of
a series of cascades, fall-
ing 106 feet to the valley
below. Havana is the
most important village
passed between Elmira
and Watkins, and is but
four miles from the latter
place. It is a quiet, pleas-
ant village, and is re-
markable for its glens,
waterfalls, and cascades.
The falls leap from a
great height almost into
the streets of the village.
There is also a mineral
spring at IIavana. The
intricacies of its glens
contain many interest-
ing features; and, when-
ever the hotels are im-
proved, this must become
a place of great resort.
We are moving directly north. The narrow valley from which we have de-
bouched has opened to a mile in width, and is so level that one can but think
that the lake, near at hand, at some time covered it. The ground rises on
either side precipitously, beyond which evidently lies a table-land drained
by streams, which, finding their way to the brink.


º
|ſº - -
- º, º
Engraved expressly for “Bachelder's Popular Resorts, and How to Ireach Them."
RAINBOW FALLS, WATKINS GLEN, N.Y.

1°opuſ, AR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 265
Rainbow Falls is, perhaps, one of the most interesting features of
the Glen. With the bright sheen of a summer's day playing in the
rising mists, the scene is frequently clothed in rainbow tints, but
nowhere with such brilliant hues or perfect arch as at Rainbow Falls; and
the hour of four on every afternoon finds a crowd of guests worshipping
at its shrine far in the depths of Watkins Glen.
Above the house, the Glen extends for miles, embodying many remark-
able features. The “Cathedral” is the most imposing. This is an im-
mense amphitheatre, with walls of solid rock rising to the perpendicular
height of three hundred feet, while the forest trees with which the top is
fringed stretch their
arms far over the yawn-
ing gulf. Into this
mighty chasm the
waters spring with a
frightful leap, bathing
its sides with feathery
spray, then quietly
spreading over the
rocky floor. The at-
mosphere, even in the
holest day, is cool and
moist. Trees of prime-
val growth, hardy
shrubs, and luxuriant
vines cling with wild
forms of beauty from the
interstices of the rock,
reflecting their rich
foliage in the emerald
pools beneath, while far
above is seen the bright
blue sky; and at times
the rich sunlight, reflect-
ing from cliff to cliff,
clothes all with a soft, HECTOR FALLS, SENECA LAKE, N.Y.
mellow glow.
The interest in this region is by no means exhausted with a visit to
Watkins Glen. Havana Glen, already alluded to, is reached by coaches
from the Glen Mountain House. It possesses many curious and interest-
ing features, and will well repay a visit. Hector Falls is also a point of
interest, and should be included in the visit to Empire Falls.
These are situated on the east side of Seneca Lake, but a few miles
- - : º
ºlº
º sº

ºw zºº.
ºxº~!
7
·
*
N
*orta, twº ſlow to freach. There
Lachelder's “Popular R
essly for
tived eupt
lºng,
GLEN MOUNTAIN HOUSE
N.Y.
Watkins Glen

POPULAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM. 267
distant, and are reached by a small steamer. Neither should the
sojourner at Watkins Glen miss a sail on Seneca Lake, one of the most
beautiful bodies of water in the world, varying from one-half to six
miles in width, and forty miles long. It is of remarkable depth and
purity, and in the coldest weather never freezes over.
ºuk-sºs. Sº
SENECA LAKE, N.Y.
From Watkins, trains on
the “Northern Central”
continue along the western
shore of Seneca Lake forty-
seven milesto Canandaigua,
N.Y., where connection is
made with the New-York
Central Railroad for Al-
bany or Niagara Falls.
The route is pleasant, and
possesses many points of
interest, especially along the shore of the lake, where several waterfalls
will be pointed out by the intelligent conductors, if requested. By
an admirable arrangement, the cars run through from Baltimore to
Rochester. From Rochester to Niagara Falls the country is level, and
has few attractions for the traveller. Soon we hear the “roar of
Niagara; ” and, if our journey is uninterrupted, in sixteen hours after
leaving Baltimore, we may be domiciled at some of the mammoth hotels
for which the place is celebrated.


268 POPULAR RESORTs, AND How TO REACH THEM.
THE SOUTHERN STATES.
The proper and just representation of the pleasure routes and resorts
of the “Great South,” in this volume, is attended with no little diffi-
culty, from the fact that heretofore comparatively little has been done by
the “powers that be '’ to develop by illustrated descriptions the scenic
merits of that section of the country; hence it is that many a Southern
tourist who leaves his native State to study the beauties of popular North-
ern resorts, discovers with chagrin that the place he has come hundreds
of miles to see possesses no more natural interest than another in his own
neighborhood, whose attractions no one had fully observed or thought
to develop. This fact is also applicable to many other sections of the
country. The most wonderful as well as beautiful features often remain
a long time unnoticed. This will be perfectly illustrated by the follow-
ing incident of the author’s experience. In the autumn of 1873, while
making a sketch of Hooksett Falls, N.H. (see index), a farmer, engaged
near by, left his work to watch the progress of the drawing ; and as
line after line developed the scene, – the river, the falls, the mill, and
passing train, - he becauſe exceedingly interosted ; and, when finally a
few bold dashes of the brush clothed it with effect, he exclaimed excit-
edly, “By ‘gosh ' ' if that ain’t a picter! I was born here, and have
lived here all my days, and have looked up at that river a thousand
times, but never knew it was a picter before.” And so it chances that
many of the most delightful localities are yet hidden from the admiring
gaze of pleasure-seekers, because those most interested in their develop-
ment have not yet discovered a “picter ’’ in them.*
VIRGINIA.
Beyond the fact, that there is “a great Natural Bridge,” and “the
White Sulphur Springs,” and that “Virginia is (or was) the Mother
of Presidents,” the world knows little of the inviting features and
boundless charms of that great and justly famed State. Indeed, here-
tofore the people of Virginia, from their familiarity with the scenery,
realized but little of the innumerable treasures of romantic beauty and
pictures of sublime grandeur their State in fact contains. But one of
the results of the late war has been, to change very much of all this
* When the author commenced to write and re-arrange the present volume, it was
with bright anticipations and hopes that the Southern States would be well and fully illus-
trated, as he had assistance promised from the officials of ten different Southern rail-
roads. But, alas for human expectations ! nine of them, for just and good reasons
undoubtedly, “went back on him; ” but fortunately one (the Chesapeake and Ohio)
remained, enough to prove his assertion that the pleasure resorts and plcasure routes
of the South only need development to compare favorably with any in the land.
PopULAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM. 269
ignorance and indifference. Virginia is fast rising, as a star of the first
magnitude, in the horizon of “summer resorts.” Few States, in fact,
equal her in the diversity, surprising character, and interest she affords
to the lovers of the marvellous and the picturesque ; and fewer still can
excel her claims in this respect.
Jºllº-
º
|||}}}}}}}|
ºut tº ºn nºt
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINA.
Sharp eyes watched the wonderful resources developed by the South
in the emergencies of the late struggle. The realities of their lines of
communication, and their undeveloped possibilities, were then seen and
pondered. The result is, that abundant capital has made Virginia a new
battle-ground since peace came among us; and the struggle for victory
is now upon the fields of keen competition for the carrying trade of our
mighty granaries in the West, and even of the Orient. Necessarily, the
attractions to be found along the routes, and contiguous to them, now
springing into a more vigorous life, become a part of the incentives to
travel, - the sources of business and profit. Hence, among other new
things, the old neglected delights of mountain and forest, river and glen,
are becoming fresh to the knowledge of our people. And this, as yet, is
but an entering wedge to greater things for proud “Old Virginia.”

270 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM.
Richmond will be the starting point for the great body of visitors
who may decide to “do” the natural wonders of Virginia. That historic
city is a place of rare beauty of location and natural surroundings. It
is really built—as was Boston — upon three hills : Union, Shockoe, and
Gamble's Hills. Between Union and the other two hills there is a deep
valley. James River runs between Richmond and Manchester, with a
moaning wail that is never at rest. It is here that fourteen miles of
“falls,” as they are termed, are ended. In summer the river is some-
times swollen to a great height, by vast volumes of water poured into it
from tributaries above during heavy rains or freshets. From Union and
Shockoe Hills, comparatively little opportunity to view the better scenic
effects can be had. But from the farther verge of Gamble’s Hill, - and,
better still, from some of the verdure-clad margins of the canal above
the city, -views can be found that baffle all description. The waters of
the river dashing and foaming over its rugged and rocky bed, the inter-
EARTHwo RKS ON THE CHICKAHOMINY (NEAR RICHMOND).
spersed islands loaded with luxuriant vegetation, the winding canal,
the great smoking Tredegar Works, the city in graceful outline and
beauty upon the left, with the soft bland zephyrs peculiar to mornings
and evenings in that climate, make up as sweet a scene and picture as
eye could desire. Those who can obtain access to the top of the Capitol
will find a grander view, but not a lovelier one, than that from Gamble's
Hill.
Richmond and vicinity is now stocked with wonderful things, such as
only become famous by the tragedies of great wars. Visitors will wish
to see the stupendous cordon of fortifications with which the city was
encircled, the Capitol and the delightful grounds around it, and its
statuary. They will stand amazed at the immense Tredegar Iron Works:
look at “the Armory” where formerly the “State Guard ” were held in
readiness against negro insurrections, and at the churches, and other

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 271
public buildings; but the chief and deep interest will be in Libby
Prison, in Jefferson Davis’s residence, and in all the novelties which are
stamped with the terrible impress of the great war. The trip from
New York City, by the Old Dominion Line of steamers, viá Norfolk, by
the James River, is a sinuous and interesting route, interspersed with
pleasing views. From Washington the course is along the Potomac by
boat, and cars through battle-scarred Fredericksburg. From the south
the entrance is upon the great line passing through Petersburg, also
the scene of terrible and bloody struggles. -
VIRGINIA SPRINGS.
Elsewhere we give a synopsis of the most generally known, yet known
too little, mineral springs of Virginia. Of the deservedly high claims
many of these healing waters have upon public confidence and patronage,
there is not the least question. The “White Sulphur '’ have had a long
and wide fame ; and it is the place of fashionable favor in the State,
and is not likely soon to lose its prestige. Of the other mineral springs
the general public know little. When the great capitalists find time to
cipher over the promise of profit in that region, or when the proprietors
decide to develop them by illustrated descriptions, the million will come
to know all about them, and take them into favor. As yet, however,
many of these springs are not prepared to entertain sumptuously. Be-
sides, several of them are to be reached, in the main, by stages over
Virginia roads; and, while those roads may promote health among the
dyspeptic, they are not favorable to temper-al sweetness, as all people of
experience thereon will declare, Still there is a sociability and good
cheer in stage-coach riding never found in a railway car.
Virginia also has her full share of mountains, rivers, falls, caves, and
glens. The Natural Bridge in Rockbridge County has long been a source
of wonder and admiration, yet has failed hitherto to command the
attention from tourists that its grand and impressive character would
seem to inspire. This is undoubtedly due largely to the want of proper
and popular hotel accommodations. The Peaks of Otter, Bedford County,
having an altitude of 5,307 feet above tide, each year increase in popu-
larity. The Hawk's Nest, Fayette County, with its precipitous face, fall-
ing sheer down a thousand feet to the bed of the stream that flows at its
base ; Weyer’s Cave, Augusta County, with its wonderful sights; the
Natural Tunnel, Scott County, passing hundreds of feet through solid
rock, with its high vaulted roof, stupendous precipices, and weird caverns;
and thousands of other natural features, – promise for Virginia a popular
future with the sight-seeing public. Many of these have been brought
to notice by the opening of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad.
272 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
PLEASURE FROUTE No. 23.
Washington, Norfolk, and Richmond, to Staunton, the
Mineral Springs of Virginia, Charleston, Huntington,
Cincinnati, and the West.
CHESAPEAKE AND OHIO RAILROAD.
It should be remembered that Virginia is pierced by two ranges of
mountains, the Alleghanies and the Blue Ridge, and between these lies
iss
U.
º
|
º
-
-
N
COMMISSARY DEPARTMENT.
a great valley, three hundred and sixty miles long. Such a region, so
vast, could only be a great storehouse of Nature’s curiosities.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 273
Commercially studied in connection with the future of Virginia as a
famous resort for travellers and summer tourists, it strikes the eye at
once, that the leading artery of communication across the State will
make some port on the Chesapeake its grand depot. In the waters of
that magnificent bay, Virginia possesses the only complete harbor facili-
ties on the entire South Atlantic seaboard. Heretofore, no determined
purpose to seek commercial power can be said to have animated
-
-->
- sº - - ---
VIRGINA SCHOOLHOUSE OF THE OLDEN TIME,
Virginia councils. Jefferson discountenanced commerce, and favored
agriculture. He sneered at great cities as “great sores.” And
Jefferson's authority was undisputed. Hence no great commercial port,
or marine, ever grew there. But the Chesapeake and Ohio Rail-
road has taken the field, with its headquarters at Richmond; and a
new life is rapidly dawning upon the State. This line will cut through
the very heart of those attractions for summer money-spenders, which so


274 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
profusely abound in the mountainous regions of Virginia and West
Virginia. Tourists from Washington can reach Richmond by rail, and
from New York and the North by rail or the Old Dominion. Line of
steamers; or they can strike the line of the “Chesapeake and Ohio "
over the Orange and Alexandria Railroad at Gordonsville, west of
which lie most of the great natural resorts of Virginia. From Gordons-
ville to Charlottesville (twenty-one miles), the cars of the Chesa-
peake and Ohio and the Orange and Alexandria Railroads, running
upon a double track, follow the same route. From Charlottesville the
Chesapeake and Ohio strikes due west thirty-nine miles to Staunton,
the central point first to be reached by visitors to the principal resorts
in this section of Virginia.
THE PASSAGE OF THE BLUE RIDGE.
This range stretches from north-east to south-west, across Virginia, cut-
ting the line of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, its crest generally
twenty-five hundred feet above tide; and it offers no “water gap.” between
the Potomac and the James. To the west lies the valley of Virginia, its
streams on this line eight hundred feet above the affluents of the James
which flow at its eastern base. It was a formidable obstacle to the rail-
road. In 1849 the State of Virginia undertook to build the Blue Ridge
Railroad from its eastern base at Mechum’s River to Waynesboro' in
the valley, a distance of Seventeen miles. The main feature was a
tunnel 4,260 feet long at the summit of the grade, which required seven
years to complete, and which until recently was the largest finished
tunnel in the country. The engineer was Claudius Crozet, a Frenchman
of great intellect and attainments, and this work is a monument of his
skill. The road cost about a hundred thousand dollars per mile, and is
now a part of the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad.
Leaving Mechum’s River, the road ascends along a spur of the main
ridge, which it reaches in about five miles; thence, encountering deep
ravines and projecting spurs, it climbs along the steep mountain slope,
making three lesser tunnels, and still ascending through another,
reaches an elevation of fifteen hundred feet above tide at its Western
portal. The grade of the road is seventy feet per mile, less than this on
the curves and greater on direct lines; the tunnel is straight, and passes
seven hundred and fifty feet below the crest, and is so well ventilated
that one can often see entirely through it from the rear of passenger
trains. As you approach the tunnel, winding up the monntain's side, the
view is surpassingly grand. You look down upon cultivated fields eight
hundred feet below, stretching away for twenty miles, dotted here and
there with plantation-houses and villages, and bounded in the distance
PopULAR REsorts, AND How TO REACH THEM
275
by rugged mountains, a panorama the eye never tires in gazing upon,
and which is by common consent one of the grandest views on the line,
and surpassed nowhere. The road descends from the tunnel for three
TUNNEL.
miles to the
w e s t e r n
base, across
the South
Diamuli of
the Shenan-
doah, and
crosses with
undulating
grades the
Valley of
Virginia to
the North
Mountain,
its western
boundary.
At Staun-
ton, a hun-
dred and
thirty-six
miles from
Richmond, a
connection is
made with
the Valley
Railroad ex-
tending to
º Harper's
Ferry.
This neigh-
borhood is
noted for the
picturesque-
ness of its
scenery, and
ample hotel accommodations are furnished visitors at the Virginia House.
Augusta or Stribling Springs are only twelve miles away by a
romantic road reached by stage.
This is also the point from which to
visit Weyer's Cave, seventeen miles distant, one of Virginia's greatest
curiosities. This cave is among the fantastic eccentricities of nature,

276 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
and as such stands unrivalled. It is one of the discovered wonders of
our country, and affords a prolific field for thought and conjecture. Pos-
sibly, in the time whereof no man knoweth, this, and like subterranean
glories, may have been palaces for nymphs and their families. Indeed,
as one looks over the torch-lit scene, and sees a million eyes glittering
and flashing seemingly upon him, it is easy to fancy the wondering
spirits of the place still there and marvelling at the strange intrusion.
º
º
º - º
º
º º -
zººgº
º
º:
r
% %
ROCKBRIDGE ALUM SPRINGS, WA.
The Passage of North Mountain was less costly than that of the
Blue Ridge: it is crossed without a tunnel. At the summit the grade
reaches an elevation of 2,074 feet above tide; there are pleasant land-
scape views, some of great beauty, some very rugged; and on the right
towers Elliot's Knob, 4,450 feet above the level of the sea, probably the
highest point in the State. At Goshen, thirty-two miles west of Staun-
ton, and one hundred sixty-eight from Richmond, the road, after running
nearly parallel to the North Mountain for many miles, turns abruptly
westward, and passes through Panther Gap in the Mill Mountain, known
farther north as the Shenandoah. The scenery here is wild and interest-
ing. At Goshen passengers leave the railroad for Lewington, twenty miles
distant, and Natural Bridge, thirty-ſive miles; and also for Rock-
bridge Alum Springs, nine miles distant; Rockbridge Baths, nine

PopULAR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM. 277
miles. These resorts are all reached by stage over picturesque roads,
and each worthy a visit from the tourist, and a fuller description. Seven
miles west of Goshen, and one hundred and seventy-five from Richmond,
is Millboro'. Here passengers for the Bath Alum Springs, ten miles;
Warm, fifteen miles; Hot, eighteen miles; and Healing Springs,
fifteen miles, –may take coaches; although the two latter places may be
more easily
reached from
Co v i ng to n,
thirty miles
farther west.
Leaving Mill-
boro’, at an
elevation
1,080 feet
above tide ||
water, the
road encoun-ſº
ters very
heavy work.
Within a few
hundred feet.
of the station
it passes .
h rough a
Luunel 1,300 =
feet long, and E.
with a short º
in t or w a 1
through a
second ; then
crosses a great
ravine by an GRIFFITH's KNOB AND cow PASTURE
RIVER,
embank ment º:
one hundred and sixty feet in depth; then º --
through cuts of eighty feet or more, and over :
another embankment about one hundred feet in sº
depth all of rock; and through a third tunnel, -
—all within three miles, one of the most costly
sections of the line, and containing a series of
magnificent views. It then descends a long and
wild valley to the Cow Pasture River. Here at a sharp bend the river
has been turned through a new channel, which cost sixty thousand











278 PopULAR RESORTs, AND How to REACH THEM.
dollars, saving two bridges for the road, which cuts across another sharp
bend by a tunnel, and immediately crosses the river. After some more
heavy grading Jackson's River is reached at Clifton Forge. Jackson's
FALLING SPRING FALLS.
River with the Cow Pasture forms the James, a few miles below. It has
here cut its way through the mountains forming, one of the wildest of
gorges, always admired, and which is well worth a special visit. Indeed,

y - .
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 279
it is difficult for the reader, guided by imagination alone, to realize the
scenic grandeur of this route. Continuing up Jackson's River, and cross-
ing it twice, it reaches Covington at the base of the Alleghany, two hun-
dred and five miles from Richmond. Passengers for the Healing
Springs, fifteen miles; Hot, eighteen miles; and Warm Springs,
– may here take coaches, and pass on the way the Falling Spring, a
lovely cascade. These stage-routes are through grand mountain scenery,
with occasional views of Jackson River and in full view of the cascade
of Falling Springs.
The stream which forms this cascade rises in the Warm Springs Moun-
tain. About three-fourths of a mile from its source (says Pollard), it falls
over a rock two hundred feet into the valley below. The scene is broken
and exceedingly picturesque.
PASSAGE OF THE ALLEGHANY.
Covington was the eastern terminus of the Covington and Ohio Rail-
road, a work undertaken by the State as a connection between the East
and the West. Its construction was suspended during the civil war; and
in 1868 the amount expended on it (over three million dollars) was given
to the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company, on condition that the
latter should complete it. It now forms an important part of the line.
The passage of the Alleghany is a stupendous work, and always excites
admiration. After crossing Jackson's River a third time, the road follows
the valley of Dunlap's Creek for five miles, crossing the creek four times
with bridges of a hundred and thirty feet opening, and makes two
tunnels and several very heavy cuttings. It then ascends by a grade of
sixty feet per mile a rugged mountain slope, with excavations and
embankments following each other in rapid succession, unequalled, it is
believed, in this or any other country. There are a great number of cuts
of sixty feet in depth, many over a hundred, and the slopes of some reach
even to a hundred and fifty feet above grade. Each of these interesting
result of engineering skill adds new and fresh artistic features for the
tourist's gratification. The embankments are equal in magnitude. That
over “Moss Run” is a hundred and forty feet in depth; over Jerry’s
Run, a hundred and eighty-five feet. The lower slope stakes of the latter
were over two hundred feet below grade. These streams cross the road
by tunnels cut in the rocky sides of the ravines, tunnels ample in size to
pass a railroad train. The embankment at Jerry's Run contains over
a million cubic yards of material. It is on a gentle curve, which is pro-
duced on either side for some distance, and views of it can be had from
several points on the road; but even this huge mass is dwarfed by the
mighty hills which surround it, so insignificant are the works of man
when brought face to face with those of Nature. After crossing the
280 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
great embankment, the road follows a ravine, and in a short time enters
Lewis Tunnel. This is about four thousand feet long, and is cut through
hard rock, through a spur called the Little Alleghany, and, including its
approaches, is seven thousand feet from grade to grade. It was worked
from two shafts as well as from the ends, and is a continuous grade of sixty
feet per mile. After passing this tunnel the road encounters almost
immediately the main Alleghany, which is pierced with a tunnel nearly
forty-eight hundred feet in length, passing four hundred and fifty feet
belows its crest. The summit level is on the eastern side 2,060 feet
above tide, and from its ditches the water flows at will, either to the
Atlantic or the Gulf of Mexico.
º
- Tº
- º
gºnº”
º,
--
º
-
-*
GREEN BRIER WHITE SULPHUR SPRINGS, WEST VIRGINA.
The grade descends through the tunnel at the rate of thirty feet per
mile; and the road, now on the affluents of the Kanawha, descends with
the streams, losing nothing by undulations, nowhere exceeding thirty feet
per mile; and after clearing the Alleghany twelve miles west of the
tunnel, with nothing over twenty feet per mile until steamboat naviga-
tion is reached (until sixteen miles below Charleston, in fact), a distance
of a hundred and sixty miles, with gentle curvature, forming one of the
grandest and best constructed roads between the East and the West.
At Alleghany Station passengers leave the railroad by stage for the
Sweet Chalybeate Springs, nine miles; and Old Sweet Springs,

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 281
nine miles; and Red Sweet Springs, eight miles, – each popular
with its patrons. Four miles west of the tunnel are the White Sul-
phur Springs, twenty-two miles from Covington and two hundred
and twenty-seven from Richmond. The White Sulphur Springs, now
opened to easy access from every part of the country, will long maintain
their royal prerogative, as the high domain of Virginia aristocracy and
fashion. Compared with Saratoga in landscape beauties, the latter sinks
out of all pretence of just comparison. Saratoga is as barren of natural
graces and woodland beauty, as the White Sulphur region is profusely
endowed with rural delights and a sweet atmosphere.
The hotel accommodations here are simply enormous, but with increased
patronage, induced by improved railway facilities, even these must fall
short of the demand. In the twenty-two miles before reaching White
Sulphur Springs, the road has passed through eight tunnels, aggregating
two miles and a quarter in length; besides through and over other work
encountered at every step, of the heaviest character, which has cost over
four million dollars, a considerable portion, however, including most
of the tunnel, being constructed for a second track. This work was
planned and mostly executed by Charles B. Fisk, State Engineer, and
was completed by the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad Company. From
the Alleghany tunnel, the road follows the waters of Howard's Creek to
the Greenbrier River, with two tunnels and some heavy embankments and
bridges, showing conclusively that the grand scenic character of the route
is still maintained. It then follows the Greenbrier for thirty-seven miles,
cutting off bends here and there, three of them by tunnels. The first,
near Second Creek, is sixteen hundred feet long, and on a curve of sixteen
hundred and thirty feet radius through a bold limestone cliff; the second,
eleven hundred feet long, was in rock and earth; the third, one and a
quarter miles in length, the longest on the road, saving over eight miles
in distance at the “Great Bend.” This tunnel was worked from two
shafts and from the portals; it passes four hundred and seventy feet
under the crest; one of its shafts was three hundred and seventy feet in
depth; the tunnel was completed in two years and four months. The
lines of the engineer, carried from the shafts and portals, varied from the
true line only a fraction of an inch. There are three fine iron bridges
over the Greenbrier, of from four hundred to five hundred feet opening.
There are many striking views on this part of the line, which, alternating
with the rugged mountain scenes, give additional interest to the route; the
road skirts frowning limestone cliffs of great height, then dashes through
quiet meadows giving charming views of the beautiful river buried
among the mountains. For most of the distance the road is but a few
feet above extreme high water, but on emerging from the Great Bend
tunnel the traveller finds that the river by its greater length has fallen
282 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
to nearly one hundred feet below him. This elevation is reduced as he
approaches the junction with New River about six miles below.
THE START DOWN THE GREENBRIER.
The New River (more proper-
ly the Kanawha) rises in North
Carolina, and where we join it
Hº is a large stream, broader than
: the James at Richmond. The
road follows it for sixty uiles,
until it loses itself in the Kan-
save where it passes through a
tunnel or a deep cut. Its valley is from six hundred to one thousand
feet below the general level of the country; and it cuts below the bases



PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM. 283
of mountain ranges, whose axes cross its course. The minor streams,
which, running parallel with these ranges, drain the country, plunge
down precipices to reach its level. It crosses thus these mountain ranges,
a mighty river often fifteen hundred feet wide, and sometimes not a hun-
dred, falling an aver-
age of ten feet per
mile, and for twenty
consecutive miles of
its course seventeer
fect to the mile, in
places a roaring tor-
rent, its bed obstruct- -
ed with gigantic bowl
ders, which have rolled ºf "" || Wºº - |
from the cliffs above: º lºſſ. º 'º'
bowlders often meas- º *Tººlſ -- | |
uring thousands of
cubic yards. At first
it is a wide noble river.
with here and there a
strip of meadow on its
bank, and here and
there a cliff, but always
buried in the moun-
tains. Mountains
clothed with forest,
with here and there a
gray crag jutting out :
this is its character for
ten miles. Suddenly
it plunges twenty-four
feet at the Great Falls,
a grand waterfall. Its
valley is here con-
tracted: it is bounded
by overhanging sand-
stone cliffs more than | | |
a hundred feet in |||||||| º
height, and falling || ". º
back from these are | | ||
still the rugged slopes
of great mountains. Here the engineers had some trouble. The traveller
will see it, and he will see rocky glens opening to his view as he passes,
|ſ
-- -
| | - º

284 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
lighted by falling cascades, and unfolding scenes rich in landscape
beauty; but it would require too much space to describe such details.
The valley becomes narrower as we descend, the mountains more ele-
vated; but the bends of the river are gentle, and for more than fifty
miles but one tunnel is passed, this at Stretcher's Neck, where a tunnel of
nineteen hundred feet saves four miles in distance. This tunnel is on a
curve. The western end
gave great trouble in its
construction. After the
arch was completed, a
slide from the mountain
crushed portions of it
and the stone portal, and
an interior arch hecame
mºssary. It is now
perfectly safe, but re-
duced to single track
dimonsons for eighly
feet. Af the western
portal of this tunnel may
be observed the greater
height above the river
due to its longer course
and the gentle grade of
the railroad. One mile
below on the right is a
beautiful cascade where
Dowdy Creek (“What's
in a name?”) joins the
river. At Suttle's Cliff,
still lower down, there is
a hundred and thirty feet
cutting, but it is embank-
ment on the river side.
At Sewell, formerly
known as Boyer's Ferry,
forty miles below the
mouth of Greenbrier, the
valley becomes a true
cañon. For twenty miles below there is not a strip of arable land in the
valley, and at points the cliffs are perpendicular from the river edge.
IIere the scenery is wild indeed. Such slopes as these are generally covered
with bowlders, some of immense size; and along these slopes and under
WHITCOMB'S BOWLDER.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 285
º
frowning cliffs the railroad gropes its way under their shadow; one of
which, Whitcomb's Bowlder, it was proposed to tunnel as the easiest solu-
tion of a location of the road, and it was actually under-cut on one
side for trains to pass. The passenger looks upwards a thousand feet or
more as the train sweeps a graceful curve around some concave bend, and
sees the beetling cliffs of many colored sandstone, looking with their
great angles like gigantic castles and fortresses erected by Nature to
guard these her penetralia.
The running of New River Rapids, once a common occurrence, will
soon become one of the things of the past, and its recital placed among
the events of “a good while
ago.” Before the completion
of the railroad, this means of
transportation was much in
vogue. The accompanying
illustration will convey a fair
idea of the passage. “The
boats are admirably adapted
to the work they have to do.
RUNNING NEW RIVER RAPIDS.
More than sixty feet long by less than six feet wide, they accommodate
themselves very well to the impetuous torrent, and are for these waters
excellent seaboats. The steersman, clear-eyed, skilful, cool-headed, as
he needs to be, winds a parting blast on his horn as your boat is let go.
Three negroes make up the whole crew: the headsman, who is in fact
the captain, stands in the bow to direct the steersman by waving his
arms; the steersman, who guides the boat with a long and powerful oar;
and a third man who accelerates its speed with oars, in the eddies and
smooth parts of the river. The headsman or captain knows the river,








286 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
and he not only directs the course of the boat, but has besides under his
own control an oar projecting from the bow with which in sudden to
slue the boat more quickly around.” Tourists will, “for the novelty of
the thing,” occasionally try the passage of New River Rapids; for although
seldom at-
tended with
serious re-
sults, the occa-
sion is one of
excitement
and adven-
ture.
Among the
º beautiful case
ºf cades, that of
º Fern Spring,
about six
; in iles below
Sewell, is
º much a d-
tº mired. The
stream, often
very large,
ºf pours down
Žº the mountain
side for hun-
dreds of feet
in vululues ºf
spray and
foam. The
river is very
rapid: at low
water, viewed
from the cliffs,
* as from the
Hawk's Nest,
a white thread
in the cañon;
ill ſlowls, º,
raging torrent
MILLER'S FERRY, FROM THE HAWK’S NEST. of astonishing
º
º
power, rising at points, thirty, fifty, and even seventy feet above its low-
water level. At Hawk's Nest the river is crossed by a fine iron bridge,





















PopUI, AR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 287
with six hundred and fifty feet opening and fifty-three feet above low
water. It cost, with its masonry, one hundred and forty thousand dollars.
From this point for eight miles the rugged character of the cañon is
intensified: the Hawk's Nest towers six hundred feet above the road.
The roadway is formed by blasting down precipices, the grade being
from fifty to seventy feet above the river. It passes through tunnels.
Streams of water falling from the mountain sides form beautiful cas-
cades. The whole forms the grandest sight to be seen on this line of
road, and one never to be forgotten. From this rugged pass the river
glides into a lakelike opening. It soon receives the Gauly, and loses
its name in the Kanawha.
CHARLESTON, WEST VIRGINA.
Charleston, the capital of West
Virginia, is a thriving and rapidly
growing town, which promises to
become in time an important man-
ufacturing place, for which it has
good natural facilities. After leav-
ing the Kanawha, sixteen miles
west of Charleston, the road crosses
* . - to the Ohio, and terminates at the
... * * -> Big Sandy River, the boundary of
Kentucky and West Virginia.

288 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
In its course the
road passes through
twenty-six tunnels,
five of which are
four thousand feet
and more in length,
the total amount of
tunnelling being
over seven miles.
The reader who
has followed this
article cannot fail
to notice the won-
- derful richness in
º popular resorts of
º the region through
which the Chesa-
peake and Ohio
Railroad runs Al-
though so fully de-
scribed, there are
still many places
having great local
popularity, which
have been barely al-
luded to, and others
for want of space
entirely omitted,
which in a future
edition should re-
ceive more atten-
| - tion, both in illus-
| || . - tration and descrip-
- º - tion.
º - This new avenue
of communication
will develop untold
sources of wealth
from the hitherto
land-locked seclu-
sions of both East-
|||||||| º - - ern and Western
Tº |º - --- Virginia.
|
|
||
--
|
|
º:
|
|
|
|


POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 289
PLEASURE FROUTE No. 24.
Richmond, Washington, and the North, to Wilmington,
N. C., Charleston, Savannah, Jacksonville, and New Or-
leans. .
ATLANTIC COAST LINE.
THE Southern States are intersected by three great arteries of travel,
leading directly from the north-east, so that the traveller or tourist, with
his objective point as far distant as Mobile or New Orleans, and his
starting point at New York or Washington, may have his choice out
of the three, with the certainty in either case of rapid transit and a
passage through an interesting section of country. Each through line
is made up by the consolidation of lesser ones, and is connected with
the others by branch lines. They are severally known as the Atlantic
Coast Line, the route being by the way of Richmond, Wilmington,
N.C., Charleston, Savannah, and Jacksonville, or New Orleans; the
Piedmont Air Line by way of Danville, Charlotte, Atlanta, and
Mobile to New Orleans; and the Great Southern Mail Route by
the way of Bristol, Knoxville, and Chattanooga, to New Orleans and the
South-west. - - -
There are few places of popular resort on the first-named line before
reaching Charleston, although the traveller with plenty of time will find
it well employed in stopping at some of the more important stations for
a day or longer. Among the watering places of lesser note, which lie
scattered through the eastern part of North Carolina, either upon the
Coast Line, or attainable by the various intersecting branches, are Lack's
Springs, about two miles distant from Macon Depot, on the Raleigh
and Gaston Railroad; Panacea Springs, about the same distance
from Littleton Station, upon the same road; Cleveland Mineral
Springs, Causilor's Springs, and Sparkling Catawba, in Lin-
coln County, and Sulphur Springs, in Gaston County, along the line
of the Wilmington, Charlotte, and Raleigh Railroad. These last are
tolerably well developed. Lewis' Mineral Springs lie on the Wil-
mington and Weldon Railroad, five miles from Faison Station.
Spring Church, locally celebrated for its medicinal waters, lies
three miles distant from Pleasant Hill Station, on the Petersburg and
Weldon Railroad, just over the North Carolina border. There are here
two or three good boarding-houses, but no hotel. The village is famous
as having once been a popular duelling ground for the North Carolina
chivalry. ... r
The tourist who wishes to visit the battlefields of the State can stop
at Mount Olive, on the Wilmington and Weldon link of the line.
290 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Within twelve miles of this station were fought the battles of Bentons-
ville, Whitehall, and Neuse River Bridge, the former quite an important
engagement. -
Wilmington lies twenty miles from the sea, on Cape Fear River,
and attracts a portion of the Southern winter travel. At the mouth
of the river are situated Forts Fisher and Caswell, both of which
played an important part in the scenes of the Rebellion. Besides com-
munication by rail, there is a weekly line of steamships to New York.
Camden, on the Wateree River, is a beautiful South Carolina town,
possessed of considerable historic interest. Two battles were fought
here in the time of the Revolution : one between Gates and Cornwallis,
and the other between Greene and Rawdon. The remains of Baron
De Kalb, who was killed in the former battle, lie under a handsome
monument on the village green. -
Columbia, the capital of South Carolina, is a pleasant little city.
Nearly half its present residents are from the North. It was burnt by
Sherman on his “march toward the sea,” but has been rebuilt in a
far more tasteful manner. The Congaree Falls are a few miles
distant, and attract a large number of visitors annually. There are
several good hotels in Columbia, the principal being the Nickerson
House and the Columbia Hotel. The more prominent stations between
Columbia and Charleston are interesting to the tourist, mainly on
account of their Revolutionary associations. At Orangeburg are to be
seen the remains of the works erected by Lord Rawdon, for defence,
after the fall of Charleston.
The Healing Springs, three miles from Blackhill Court House,
after passing Orangeburg, are widely noted for their remedial qualities.
They are three in number: an iron, a sulphur, and a seltzer spring. The
climate is remarkably equable and healthful, resembling very much that
of Aiken. The accommodations are fair. At the Court House there are
three hotels, churches, telegraph-Offices, &c.
Farther on is Eutaw Springs, the locality where a well-known
Revolutionary battle was fought. At Branchville, sixty-eight miles
above Charleston, the Charleston and Augusta Railway takes the tourist
or invalid to Aiken, a place which within the past few years has
become extensively known for the salubrity and remarkable healing
qualities of its climate. A dozen years ago it was a mere village; now
it is a large and flourishing town. Hundreds of families from the North
make it their residence during the winter months, while the permanent
population has doubled within the past five years. The climate seems
to have an extraordinary effect on those afflicted with pulmonary diseases,
and many remarkable cures have been effected by that alone. The
visitor will find an excellent hotel and numerous boarding-houses of
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 291
a select character. There are many delightful views in the vicinity, and
no better society can be found anywhere in the South.
Charleston is considered by many the most beautiful city of the
South. It lies at the confluence of the Cooper and Ashley Rivers, both
broad and beautiful streams, and seen from the harbor presents a charm-
ing appearance. In the summer some of the streets are perfect forests
of palmettos and magnolias, which cast a grateful shade over the stately
old-fashioned mansions of the city, rendering them delightfully cool and
pleasant in the hottest of the weather. The public buildings are none
of them worthy of especial mention. The visitor will find the older
part of the city interesting, its general character being unlike that of
any other in the country. The best general view of the old quarter, and,
in fact, of the whole city itself, is from the tower of St. Michael's
Church, on the corner of Broad and Meeting Streets. This, the oldest
church in Charleston, was built in 1752, and its tower is regarded as the
finest in the South. Its chimes are peculiarly sweet, and can be heard
for a long distance. Another fine view is to be had from St. Phillip's,
on Church Street, a structure nearly as old as St. Michael's. In the
ancient graveyard connected with St. Philip's Church are buried some
of the most famous men of the State: Calhoun, Christopher Gadsden,
William Moultrie, the Pinckneys, Rutledges, Middletons, and others
equally well known.
The two most popular hotels of the city are the Charleston and the Mills
House, both first class in every respect. There are others less stylish,
but with quarters as comfortable and tables as abundant. -
The Forts are objects of attraction to tourists, especially since the
war. Castle Pinckney stands at the entrance of the harbor. South of
it lies Fort Ripley, built during the first years of the war, principally of
palmetto logs; beyond lies Moultrie. Inside the harbor, grim, battered,
and still defiant, stands Sumter. On Sullivan's Island may still be seen
the ruins of works erected before the Revolution, as a defence against
the French and Spaniards.
Sullivan's Island, in Charleston Harbor, is the great fashionable
watering place of the State, and it is difficult to imagine any thing more
delightful than a sojourn here in the heated season. Before the war
there was a splendid hotel upon the island, the Moultrie House; but it
was destroyed during the struggle, and has not yet been rebuilt. There
are scores of beautiful villas and cottages, however, already erected, and
every season sees the number largely added to. A steamer runs hourly
between the island and Charleston during the “season.” The beach is
admirably adapted for sea-bathing, and there are many fine drives in the
neighborhood. Mount Pleasant is another favorite resort of the Charles-
tonians. - > 4.
292 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM,
Between Charleston and Savannah there is no place of note which
would attract the tourist. Savannah is one of the finest and most
rapidly-growing of all the Southern cities. Its streets are much broader
than those of Charleston, and its squares, or plazas, --twenty-four in num-
ber, — filled with trees and adorned with beautiful shrubs and flowers,
render it a paradise in all seasons. The climate is exceedingly health-
ful; and many from the North, who are troubled with pulmonary com-
plaints, resort there during the winter months. The suburbs are delight-
ful, and are permeated by scores of beautiful drives. Four miles out is
Bonaventure Cemetery, on the Warsaw River, renowned for its pictur-
esque beauty; and a mile farther is Thunderbolt, a famous summer
resort for the residents of the city. Fort Pulaski, on the south side
of the entrance to Savannah River, is well worth a visit. The principal
hotels are the Pulaski House, the Marshall House, and the Scriven House.
The tourist over this line will hardly care to stop between Savannah
and Jacksonville, if his purpose is to visit Florida. Trains with palace
cars attached run through without change, or passage can be taken by
steamship which runs weekly between the two ports. The only resort
on the railroad worthy of mention is Suwannee Springs. These
have become within the past ten years very popular, and large numbers
of invalids and pleasure-seekers gather there every summer. There are
a hotel and numerous boarding-houses. The springs are located directly
on the line of the Florida division of the Atlantic and Gulf Railroad,
at Suwannee Station. - -
Jacksonville is situated on the western bank of the St. John's River,
twenty-five miles from its mouth, and has a population of about twelve
thousand. Since the war it has grown rapidly, large numbers having
emigrated from the North. There are a dozen or more hotels of fair
character, and many boarding-houses.
The St. John’s River is the principal attraction of Florida, and is
much frequented by tourists. Large excursion steamers run up from
Jacksonville as far as Pilatka, seventy-five miles, daily, and from there
light-draft steamers continue to Enterprise, and to the interior lakes and
tributaries.
Green Cove Springs, on the west bank of St. John's River, thirty
miles from Jacksonville, is the best known watering-place in Florida,
and is being rapidly developed. The spring, which gives its name to the
place, discharges a volume of water which is estimated at three thou-
sand gallons per minute. The temperature never changes, summer or
winter, remaining always at 78° Fahrenheit. The basin of the spring
is about forty feet in diameter, the water, which is very strongly impreg-
nated with sulphur, being from twenty to twenty-five feet deep in the
centre. A line of steamers run from Jacksonville daily, and there
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 293
are excellent hotel accommodations for those who wish to prolong
their stay.
Silver Spring is one of the most remarkable localities along the
river. It is large enough to be navigable, and the water is more
transparent than glass. *
Lake George, formed by a sudden widening of the river a hundred
miles above Jacksonville, is noted for its romantic beauty. It is dotted
with picturesque islands, which are covered with foliage of tropical
growth. -
Green Spring, an extraordinary sulphur spring of a green color,
is located at Enterprise, on the east bank of the St. John's River, 205
miles from Jacksonville, and at the head of steamboat navigation of the
river. Enterprise is becoming one of the most important points in
the South for tourists and sportsmen. Here is the grand gathering-
place for fishing and hunting parties who propose to visit the Indian
River country. The fishing and hunting of the region is unsurpassed
by that of any other locality in the South, or even in the United States.
There is one really first-class hotel, and several smaller, with boarding-
houses. Enterprise is reached only by steamer from Jacksonville, or
by the way of St. Augustine and Tocoi.
Fernandina has the reputation of being one of the most bracing
and healthful places in the South, and has for years been resorted
to by invalids and consumptives. It has three or four respectable hotels
and many boarding-houses.
St. Augustine is one of the most interesting places in the whole
South for the tourist to visit. It is the oldest settlement in the United
States, having been founded by the Spaniards in 1565. The city and
Suburbs are rich in historical associations, many of the buildings dating
nearly three centuries back. The climate is magnificent. There are
several hotels, the best of which is the St. Augustine. The approach is
from Jacksonville to Tocoi, on the St. John, and from thence by rail.
Florida is one of the most delightful camping-out grounds for pleasure
parties in the country, a subject well worthy the attention of those fond
of rural sports.
The amount of pleasure travel to Florida the past Season is remark-
able, with a prospect of steady increase.
294 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
PLEASURE ROUTE No. 25.
Richmond, Washington, and the North, to Danville, Char-
lotte, Atlanta, Mobile, New Orleans, and the South.
THE PIEDMONT AIR LINE.
THE tourist South who, taking the Piedmont Air Line from Rich-
mond, desires to visit the principal places of resort, will find himself
constantly obliged to leave the main road for branches and stage-
lines leading to them. As a general thing, these deviations are pleasant,
as they afford a change of scenery and sometimes of locomotion, and
enable one to see more of the real character of the country than would
otherwise be the case. The Piedmont Air Line combines several
important roads under one general management, and, with its connec-
tions, furnishes an uninterrupted route of travel from New York to
Florida, passing through Virginia, North and South Carolina, Georgia,
and Alabama. At prominent points it connects with lines running
east, west, north and South, affording innumerable opportunities for
digression.
The first point of divorgonce after entering North Carolina, to reach
special points of interest, is at Greensboro’, a thriving manufacturing
and mining town. The tourist can here take the North Carolina Rail-
way for Goldsboro’, and beyond, to Newbern and Beaufort, points
which, though possessing no particular attractions, are yet much visited
since the war. Raleigh, the capital of the State, lies on this road, and
is well worth a brief visit. The State House, which is modelled after
the Greek Parthenon, was at one time considered, next to the Capitol in
Washington, the finest legislative structure in the United States. Two
excellent hotels are to be found here. Hillsborough is another
interesting stopping place. Here the Provincial Congress at one time
held its sessions, and later it was occupied as the State capital. Lord
Cornwallis made his headquarters here for some time, and the house
occupied by him is still standing. The locality is yet pointed out
where several of the early North Carolina patriots were executed by
Order of Gov. Tryon. With one exception, Hillsborough is the oldest
town in the State.
Returning to the trunk line at Greensboro’, if the tourist wishes to
visit the springs and mountain resorts of Eastern North Carolina, stage
can be taken for Salem, a romantic little town, from which the best
known of them are accessible. The scenery of the region is very fine.
Pilot Mountain is in the immediate vicinity of Salem, and attracts
many summer visitors. It stands alone, and rises like a pyramid thre
thousand feet above the level plain. -
POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM. 295
At Salisbury, fifty miles south from Greensboro’, the tourist will once
more diverge from the direct route for the wild mountain region of this
State, vià the Western North Carolina Railroad. This section of the
State is famous for its springs, a score or more of which enjoy a more
or less extended reputation for their medicinal qualities. w
Morganton is one of the most beautiful of the villages of North
Carolina, and affords a good base for the visitor who wishes to make
excursions to the various gaps, valleys, and secluded places of the region.
Magnificent views are obtained from the highlands in the vicinity.
Piedmont Springs lie only about fifteen miles distant. The waters
are highly esteemed by the residents of that portion of the State, and
are said to really possess remarkable curative properties. A stage runs
daily from Morganton to the springs. The hotel accommodations are
not extensive, but are of good quality.
Twenty-five miles from Morganton, and attainable by stage from that
place, are the Linnville Falls, which are the most remarkable in some
respects of any in the country. As yet they are little visited, save by
the more adventurous of tourists. “They are about 150 feet wide at the
first fall, the water making a succession of leaps before reaching a fath-
omless basin, three thousand feet from the summit. The view is said
to be grand beyond description.”
The objective point of most pleasure-tourists over this route is
Ashville, just west of the Blue Ridge. The terminus of the railroad is
at Old Fort, 114 miles from Salisbury. From this point stages run
regularly, passing through Swananda Gap, a romantic route. Another
means of approach is by leaving the trunk line at Charlotte, forty-three
miles below Salisbury, going by way of Lincolnton and Shelby. Near
the latter station is Wilson's Springs, a very popular watering-place
in the State, and largely patronized during the hot season. By taking
this route, the traveller passes through the famous Hickory Nut Gap,
one of the most delightful mountain passages in the whole South, and
destined in time to become a grand swarming-place for tourists. It is
nine miles in length, and is flanked on each side by immense cliffs,
rising, in places, perpendicularly from a thousand to fifteen hundred
feet above the roadway.
Ashville is in no sense a watering-place, although several well-
known springs are in the immediate vicinity. All the railways west
of the Blue Ridge converge here. Some of the finest scenery in
America lies within forty miles of the station, and the visitor can
make this his base for hunting, fishing, and exploring excursions.
There are two or three first-class hotels, and several excellent boarding-
houses. Twenty miles from here is the famous Black Mountain,
with its wild and attractive scenery.
296 PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Whiteside Mountain, in the valley of the French Broad River,
on the route to Ashville by the way of Jones' Gap, is well worth the
attention of the tourist. It rises abruptly to the héight of fifteen hun-
dred feet, and contains a cave which is accessible only from the top.
Caesar's Head, on the same route, is a yet loftier peak. Mitchell's
Peak, within easy distance of Ashville, is the highest point east of
the Rocky Mountains. It rises seven thousand feet above the level
of the sea, and affords one of the finest and most extensive views .
in the South. In Burke County are several remarkable mountain peaks,
more or less noted. Hawk's Bill is a huge cliff overhanging a
rapidly-running stream. Table Rock and Ginger Cake Rock are
both places of local resort. The whole course of the French Broad
River, from Ashville to the Tennessee State line, is wildly romantic.
Thirty miles from the former point are the Painted Rocks, a per-
pendicular cliff three hundred feet in height, on which are traces
of figures popularly supposed to have been made by the Indians. The
Chimneys, a series of precipitous crags, lie in close proximity to the
rocks, along the banks of the river. -
The celebrated Warm Springs of North Carolina are located in
this region, on the banks of the French Broad, some thirty miles west
of Asheville. The waters are said to be a sovereign cure for rheumatic
and neuralgic diseases. They are very clear and of a high temperature.
Game and fish, abound in the region, and the scenery is especially fine.
There are two good hotels and several boarding-houses at the Springs,
so that the visitor will find no lack of accommodation. There are two
routes of approach from the North, – one by the way of Asheville, the
other by taking the East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad, leaving the
cars at Greenville. The stage route both ways leads through a beautiful
and romantic region, and is not so long as to be tiresome.
Below Charlotte, on the direct line, and just over the South Carolina
border, is the old battlefield of King's Mountain. This vicinity
is a favorite resort for tourists, not only on account of the magnifi-
cent mountain scenery, but for its sporting facilities. Among the
interesting localities and objects of visit in the neighborhood are
the Great Falls of the Catawba, Hanging Rock, and Crowder's
Enob; the latter being the highest peak of King's Mountain.
Greenville, the best known of all the inland resorts of the State,
lies at the foot of the Saluda Mountain, on Reedy River. Near it are
Some of the most famous mountain peaks whose names, are familiar
to tourists. Table Mountain, twenty miles away, rises 4,500 feet
above the sea level, and shows on one side a dizzy precipice one thousand
feet in height. Magnificent views are obtained from the summit, nearly
every bold elevation of the mountain region of the State being visible,
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 297
— Caesar's Head, Bald Mountain, Stool Mountain, Pinnacle Rock, Saluda
Mountain, and a dozen others. The visitor will find ample accommo-
dations, and of a fair character. -
The White Water Cataracts, near Greenville, attract a large
number of visitors yearly. They are exceedingly beautiful, and though
not grand, are surrounded by the most charming expanse of country.
Slicking Falls, in the same vicinity, have a deserved popularity, and
are much frequented by pleasure-seekers during the season. Both are
reached by stage from Greenville. Within easy distance is the famous
Keowee region, and the Jocasse Valley, the latter being regarded
by visitors as one of the most romantic and charming little nooks in
the South.
Crossing into Georgia, the Air Line passes through the romantic
mountains of that State, concerning which so much has been said of
late years. The entire mountain region of Georgia abounds with beau-
ties, especially that of the north-eastern portion of the State. The key
to this section of the country, and the grand starting-point for tourists’
excursions, is Clarksville, in Habersham County. Within a circuit of
fifty miles lie some of the most noted mountain resorts of Georgia, –
peaks, waterfalls, springs, and valleys, - most of them mentioned under
their appropriate heads in another portion of this book. In the western
part of the broken, region is Rock Mountain, a summer resort of
considerable local repute. It is between two thousand and three thou-
sand feet in height, and on One side is a solid, precipitous mass of
rock over nine hundred feet high. Upon the summit are the ruins of an
ancient fortification, the builders of which are unknown.
Twelve miles from Clarksville are the famous Falls of Tallulah,
or cataracts, as they are sometimes called. There are a dozen or more
of them, each possessing its peculiar attractions. They are more like
furious rapids than falls, the river which furnishes the water flowing
through an immense gap, a thousand feet in depth, in Some places com-
pletely hidden by the immense cliffs which bend over it. Toccoa.
Falls, equally celebrated as a resort for tourists, lies only about five
miles distant. Both places furnish fair accommodations for visitors.
The Falls of the Eastatia, in Rabun County, twelve miles from
Tallulah, are coming into notice, but on account of the difficulty of
access are as yet little visited. The Falls of Amicalolah, in Lump-
kin County, in the same region, consist of a succession of cascades from
twenty to eighty feet in height. The Falls of the Towalaga, on the
line of the Macon and Western Railway, are said to be particularly
beautiful, and preparations are being made to furnish accommodation to
visitors. - * *
The whole mountain region of the State is thickly permeated with
298 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
medicinal springs of greater or less popularity. Most of them are acces-
sible by stage from the various stations along this line and its connec-
tions. They need to be developed to become popular.
The Red Sulphur — comprising twenty different springs within an
area half a mile square, consisting of magnesia, chalybeate, red, white,
and black sulphur — situated in the north-western part of the State,
are becoming justly popular. The scenery is celebrated for its
beauty, and the opportunities for hunting and fishing are better than
are usually enjoyed in the vicinity of watering-places. Lookout Moun-
tain in Tennessee, elsewhere described, is in the immediate neighbor-
hood, and forms an objective point for summer parties and tourists.
The best method of approach is from Trenton, on the Alabama and
Chattanooga Railroad, the second station south of Chattanooga.
Warm Springs are located in Merriwether County, thirty-six miles
north-west from Columbus. Visitors should leave the Atlanta and West
Point at Lagrange Station, taking the stage for the remainder of the
journey. Accommodations fair.
The Chalybeate Springs lie about seven miles south of the warm
Springs, and are reached by stage from Geneva, on the Muscogee Rail-
road. -
Madison Springs, in Madison County, have a high local reputation,
and bid fair in time to become one of the most popular watering-places
in the State. There are several good boarding-houses, and the waters
undoubtedly possess medicinal value. The visitor should take the stage
which leaves Athens, on the Georgia Railway, for the waterfall region
of Habersham County.
The Sulphur Springs, in the northern part of the State, are reached
by the Athens Branch of the Georgia Railway, or by the Air Line,
leaving the train at Gainesville. The distance by stage is seven miles.
Indian Springs, which have been favorably known for many years,
and which of late have been rapidly gaining in popularity, are located
in Buttes County, thirty miles south of Covington. They are reached
by stage from Forsyth, a station on the Macon and Western Railway.
POW der Springs, twenty miles from Atlanta, magnesia and sul-
phur, enjoy some local reputation. They are reached by stage from
Atlanta. Rowland's Mineral Springs, in Bartow County, are
reached by stage, five miles from Cartersville, on the Western and
Atlantic Railway. Catoosa Springs, a well-known summer resort,
are four miles, and Cherokee Spring two miles, from Ringgold, on
the same line of railway.
Atlanta, aside from its importance as a railroad centre, and from
the war associations with which it is connected, has little to recommend
it to the traveller or tourist. It is now the State capital, and contains
~
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 299 |
some fine public buildings. Its principal hotel, the Kimball House, is
said to be the finest in the Southern States. Atlanta is connected with
Augusta by the Georgia Railway, with Macon by the Macon and West-
ern Railway, and with Chattanooga by the Western and Atlantic Rail-
way. The two former, with their extensions, connect with the Atlantic
Coast Line.
There is little of interest for the general traveller between Atlanta
and Montgomery, the capital of Alabama, nor, in fact, in the latter city.
From Montgomery the tourist can either proceed to Mobile and New
Orleans by the Mobile and Montgomery and Western Railway, or keep
directly on to Jackson and Vicksburg.
Mobile, 186 miles south-west, is a busy and very pleasant city.
Excepting the forts, there is little to see. The place is poor in public
buildings and hotels, although the Battle House has a fair reputation.
The Gulf Shell Road is a magnificent drive along the bay, between
eight and nine miles in length. -
Talladega, Springs, the best sulphur springs in the State, are
located on the line of the Selma, Rome, and Dalton road, eight miles
from Wilsonville. Shelby Springs are about the same distance from
the same station. Chandler Springs and Sulphur Springs, in
the same county and on the same line of road, are distant from Munford
Station, respectively, twelve and eight miles. Bladen Springs, well
known to tourists, lie on the Tombigbee River, in Choctaw County, and
can be reached by packet from Demopolis, on the line of the Alabama
Central, tri-weekly. All these furnish fair accommodations for visitors,
and will doubtless improve in the future.
The journey from Mobile to New Orleans is through a flat and unin-
teresting country. Biloxi, Pascagoula, Pass Christian, and Bay St.
Louis, are resorted to more or less by the people of both cities during the
season, though neither of them can be properly classed under the head
of popular resorts. Considerable effort is now being made to improve
resorts, and add to their attractions.
New Orleans is in many respects one of the most interesting of
the cities of the South. Its early history is familiar to every school-
boy, and the prominent part it played during the late war has made
it and its surroundings almost as familiar to the residents of the
North as Philadelphia or Chicago. Its limits enclose innumerable
places of interest. Many of the old relics of Spanish rule still exist
in the older part of the city, while the numerous cemeteries, parks,
walks, and drives offer a succession of attractions of which the visitor
never tires. Since the war it has become popular as a winter for fami-
lies from the North.
Lake Pontchartrain, five miles north of the city, is a great place
300 PopULAR REsorts, AND How to REACH THEM.
of resort. Large parties go there to hunt and fish, and portions of its
shores are peculiarly eligible for picnics and pleasure excursions. There
is a single hotel at the terminus of the railway; but it is by no means
first-class, and affords very limited facilities to permanent boarders.
Trains run from the city hourly.
The Plains of Chalmette, the scene of the battle between the
American troops under Gen. Jackson and the British under Gen. Paken-
ham, Jan. 8, 1815, is one of the prominent points of interest to be visited.
The plains lie south of the city, on the banks of the Mississippi, and
are reached by the street-cars. Gretna is a pleasant little suburb, lying
across the river, and contains many stylish residences. The celebrated
Metaire track, the great race-course of the South, lies two miles out of
the city, on the Lake Pontchartrain Railroad.
The New Orleans hotels are among the best in the country. The
most noted are the St. Charles, the St. Louis, the St. James, and the City
Hotel. Besides these there are several prominent restaurants, two or
three of which have a local reputation equal to that of Delmonico's
in New York.

POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH, THEM. 301
PLEASURE NOUTE No. 26.
Richmond, Washington, and the North, to Lynchburg,
Bristol, Knoxville, Chattanooga, Memphis, New Orleans,
Little Rock, the South and South-west.
THE GREAT SOUTHERN MAIL ROUTE.
THE third great route to the South is by the way of Lynchburg,
Knoxville, Chattanooga, and Memphis.
Leaving Richmond, over the Great Southern Mail Route, the tourist
passes through a portion of Virginia not only noted for its magnificent
scenery, but for its historic associations, both in the past history of
the country, and connected with the late war. After crossing the James
River, the road traverses the great tobacco section of the State. The
Mid-Lothian coal-mines, thirteen miles from Richmond, are worthy
a brief visit by those who are interested in the natural and mineral
resources of the State. Burksville, Farmville, and Appomattoº are rapidly
passed ; the latter forever famous in American annals as the closing
event of the war of the Rebellion. Those who wish to make a personal
survey of the country where the grand final scene between the two
armies took place can leave the train at either station, and procure a
private team and guide for the purpose. - -
Lynchburg, 125 miles from Richmond, possesses no particular inter-
est for the traveller. It is built upon several small but very steep hills,
and from its being a railroad centre, conveniently located to the “springs
region ” of Virginia, has acquired considerable importance with tourists
as a starting-point for the popular resorts in this section of the State.
At the time of Gen. Lee's retreat from Petersburg, Lynchburg was
the point aimed to be reached; and had the attempt been successful,
and the Western mountain passes gained, the war might have lasted a
year longer. West of Lynchburg, a short ride, are the Bedford Alum
Springs, which are considered valuable in cases of dyspepsia. One of
the principal elements of the waters is sulphurate of iron. The accom-
modations for visitors are very good. -
From Lynchburg the route extends through the south-western portion
of the State, intersecting the springs region, and with its stage and rail
connections giving access to most of the popular resorts and places of
interest south of Richmond. South-western Virginia is famous for its
wild and sublime scenery, and for its numerous natural curiosities. It
is intersected by the great Alleghany range, whose slopes, precipices, and
‘‘gaps’’ furnish a never-ending series of surprises for the traveller who
has an eye for the grand or picturesque.
Twenty-five miles below Lynchburg is the thriving little village of
302 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Liberty, a point of divergence for travellers who wish to visit the Peaks
of Otter, ten miles distant. These magnificent elevations are cut off
from the rest of the range, rising in lofty grandeur five thousand feet
above the sea level, and visible more than a hundred miles away. A
portion of the ascent is made on horseback. The last half-mile is accom-
plished by climbing over huge precipitous rocks, bare of verdure, and
looking as if ready at any moment to tumble into the depths below. The
Southern historian Pollard, in describing a visit to the Peaks, says,
“There are many mountains higher ; there are others, it may be, with
more merit or interest in the surroundings; but none which produce so
terribly sublime an emotion of suspension in the sky.”
Bonsack’s Station, twenty-two miles beyond Liberty, is a familiar
locality to tourists who have visited the springs region. From here there
are several lines of stages, connecting with the Natural Bridge, thirty
miles distant ; Lexington, forty-two miles; Sweet Springs (the “Old”
and “Red”), forty-seven miles; and the White Sulphur, sixty-four miles.
Coyner's Springs are within a mile of Bonsack’s. The waters—
black and white sulphur — are considered specifics for several diseases.
Coyner’s is a very popular resort during the hot season, and the scenery
in the vicinity is remarkably ſille. Deside boarding houſes there is an
excellent hotel within three minutes’ walk of the station, and equally
near to the springs. *
Alleghany Springs, the waters of which are celebrated throughout
the country as a reliable specific for dyspepsia, lie about three miles from
Alleghany Station, thirty miles beyond Bonsack’s. They are delight-
fully situated on the Roanoke River, at the eastern foot of the Alleghany
Mountains, and are largely patronized. The hotel accommodations are
sufficient for a thousand persons. Among the places of interest in the
vicinity are the famous Puncheon Run Falls, where, through a huge
rent high up the precipitous sides of a mountain, a foamy series of cas-
cades leap from rock to rock, plunging two thousand feet into a black
abyss below.
Fisher's View, only five miles from the springs, is a locality much
favored by visitors, and the frequent scene of picnic and excursion
parties. From its summit, which is easily reached, an extended view is
obtained of the surrounding mountain region.
Ten miles farther on are the Montgomery White Sulphur
Springs, one of the most popular summer retreats in the South, and
patronized by the most fashionable society. They are only a mile distant
from the railroad, horse-cars and coaches making constant connection
between trains and hotels. Their situation is highly romantic. A broad
lawn, through which flows a rippling brook, is backed by a ragged spur
: of the Alleghanies, over which in various directions run excellent roads
POPULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM. 303
which are scarcely ever dusty. Forests, groves, valleys, and mountain
peaks are within easy distance. Fish are plentiful in the streams, and
the sportsman occasionally is able to “draw a bead '' on a deer. The
hotel buildings are spacious and elegant, and within the past two years
have been largely added to. One of the favorite pastimes at this resort
is the “tournament,” which is always an event of interest throughout
the country surrounding, and is largely attended.
The Yellow Sulphur Spring is less than five miles distant from
the Montgomery, and can be reached, either by stage from that place,
or from Christiansburg, a station on the Virginia and Tennessee division
of the road. This is noted as a quiet resort for families, the waters
being celebrated for the cure of children’s diseases. The spring is noted
for being the loftiest in the State, – not more than sixty feet below the
summit level of the mountain from which it flows. The hotel accommo-
dations are as yet somewhat limited, but very comfortable. -
Thirty-two miles from the Montgomery, and about twenty-three miles
from Christiansburg, is the famous Salt Pond, a small but unfathom-
able lake among the mountains, 4,500 feet above the level of the sea.
No stream leads into or out of it. Bald Knob is the highest peak of
the ridge on whose shoulder Salt Pond is situated, and nearly a thousand
feet higher. From its summit one can look into five States, – Virginia,
West Virginia, Kentucky, Tennessee, and North Carolina.
It may well be asked why tourists should seek the mountain regions
of the North with such a desirable locality near at hand. Bald Knob
needs but to be better known to become the goal of mountain pleasure
Seekers. Its hotel accommodations, heretofore limited, are improving
with the demands of travel, and this has already become a favorite summer
home for families. The attractions are enhanced by many and various
natural curiosities in the vicinity, -streams, falls, glens, and mountain
views. The unwritten history of this region, as a popular resting-place,
is pleasing to contemplate. r -
A short distance from Salt Pond are Eggleston Springs, too far
from the railroad to be largely patronized, yet possessing peculiar
attractions. Tourists who visit the region generally make this their
base, deflecting to the right and left to the numerous localities of interest.
which lie within a radius of twenty miles.
Little Stony Falls, seven miles from Eggleston’s, have a descent.
of sixty feet clear, and, then break into a succession of short falls, an
equal distance. The speed of the water is terrific, and it seems as if
projected over the precipice by some tremendous unseen power high up.
the mountain side. - •. - - *
Pompey's Pillar is a curious-shaped cliff rising sheer out of New
River, near the Springs, three hundred...feet in height... The scenery
304 PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
along the banks of this stream for a hundred miles is of the most roman-
tic character. -
At Newbern, stages run to Red Sulphur, White Sulphur,
and Salt Sulphur Springs, already described in the Chesapeake
and Ohio route, and to the Pulaski Alum Springs, only ten miles
distant.
At Wytheville, stages run to the Sharon Alum Springs, twenty-
five miles distant. At Glade Spring Station, connection is made with
the Washington and Seven Mine Springs, two miles distant ;
and from Saltville, the next station, Red and White Rocks, on
Clinch Mountain, White. Top Mountain, and Chilhowee Springs,
are easily reached. -
Bristol, which lies partly in Virginia and partly in Tennessee, is the
diverging point from which to reach the Holston Springs, in Scott
County. The distance, over a good stage road, is twenty-eight miles.
Under proper management this would in time become one of the best
known watering-places in the country. Its development thus far has
been very slow. There are four kinds of water, common limestone,
chalybeate, a thermal, and white sulphur ; and the different springs are
so close together that the visitor can in turn drink from each with taking
a step. The hotel accommodations are fair. -
Ten miles to the west of the Springs is the Natural Tunnel, one of
the greatest curiosities in Virginia. It is reached by stage from Estill-
ville, fourteen miles distant, on the Holston River. The tunnel is five
hundred feet in length, piercing the solid rock, and in shape like the letter
S. The height of the arch varies from twenty to ninety feet. The
scenery in the vicinity is wildly and magnificently grand. The tourist will
find excellent accommodations at Bristol, and a fair hotel at Estillville.
After leaving Virginia, and entering Tennessee, the road passes through
a great variety of landscape, varying from the rugged and majestic scen-
ery of the mountain region to the softly rolling meadows of the valleys
which intersect it.
Cumberland Gap, the great highway between South-western Vir-
ginia and the adjoining States, is a wonderful work of Nature, — a huge
gash through the backbone of the towering range of mountains, six miles
in length, and of a width varying from twenty to several hundred feet.
Precipitous mountains rise on either side to a vast height ; and the
traveller who journeys along the narrow roadway may, in places, look
sheer up the sides of the rocky wall a thousand feet before his gaze rests
on the topmost crag. During the war this gap was strongly fortified by
the Confederates, who held it for months against the strategy and
attacks of a vastly superior force : thus defending the railroad commu-
nications between Richmond and the South. The gap lies in Knox
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. . 305
County, Kentucky, upon the borders of East Tennessee, and can be
reached by leaving the line at Rogersville Junction, taking the Jefferson
Railroad to its terminus, and staging it from there.
The Cumberland Mountains in this region are honeycombed with
caves, the best known of which is Big Bone Cave, called so from the
fact that a large number of fossil bones of an immense size were found
in its interior when it was first discovered.
At Knoxville, in Tennessee, the tourist will find himself well repaid
for a day’s stop. It is a small but delightful city, and was formerly the
capital of the State. Some of the most important strategic movements
of the war were made around Knoxville, the best remembered, perhaps,
being the siege of the city by the Confederate forces in November, 1863.
Between this point and Chattanooga are scattered most of the medicinal
springs of the State, although none of them are on the direct line of the
road.
They are many in number, yet few of them have attained any partic-
ular celebrity. Some of them, if the accounts of visitors are to be relied
upon, possess remarkable medicinal qualities, and when properly devel-
oped will doubtless prove more attractive. All of those mentioned in
the list below are comparatively easy of access, and possess accommoda-
tions of a respectable character. Two or three have good hotels, while
the rest are supplied with boarding-houses, sufficient in numbers and
capacity to fulfil all present demands upon them.
Montvale Springs, nine miles south of Maryville station, on the
Knoxville and Charleston Railroad, have an excellent reputation, and are
well patronized. Sulphur Springs lie three miles from the station
of that name on the Cincinnati and Cumberland Gap Railroad. Bon
Aqua Springs, whose virtues are of recent discovery, are situated
near the line of the Nashville, Chattanooga, and St. Louis Railroad, six-
teen miles from McEwen's station. White Cliff Springs and
Chilhowee may be reached from Riceville station on the Eastern Ten-
nessee and Virginia road; the stage-route to the former is twenty-four,
and to the latter sixteen miles. Along the same road are Tate
Springs, twelve miles from Morristown station ; Warm Springs,
eight miles from Granville, and Chalybeate and Black and White
Sulphur Springs, four miles from Union depot, in Sullivan County.
Stages run from all the stations named to the various places.
No part of Tennessee has, since the war, been so much frequented by
tourists as that about Chattanooga, the natural gateway of the South,
and in the very heart of the mountain region. The city lies on the
South bank of the Tennessee, and in regard to climate is unsurpassed
by any place in the Union. Hundreds of invalids spend their winters
there, invariably with benefit. Within easy distance are Lookout
306 . POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
Mountain, the Tumbling Shoals, Lake Seclusion, Walden's
Ridge, City of Rocks, Sulah Falls, and other objects of interest.
Of these, Lookout Mountain is the best known and the most famous.
It shoots up three thousand feet feet, pushing the Tennessee from its
straight course several miles to the north, and, although six miles distant,
seems to overshadow the town. From its lofty summit the tourist can,
on a clear day, see into seven States. Along its sides was fought the
celebrated “battle above the clouds,” in November, 1863, between the
Federal forces under Hooker and the Confederates under Bragg, the scene
of a magnificent historical painting by the celebrated artist, Walker. The
hospital buildings erected by Government on Lookout are yet standing,
and are utilized in the summer by the swarms of visitors who make the
place nearly as lively as in the days of the “great unpleasantness,”
though in a different way. Five great railways converge at Chatta-
nooga, – the Nashville, the East Tennessee and Georgia, the Alabama.
and Chattanooga, the Atlanta, and the new Cincinnati Southern.
Chattanooga is connected with Atlanta by the Western and Atlanta
Railway. Along this line were fought some of the bloodiest and most
desperate battles of the late war, the entire distance of 138 miles having
been contested step by step by the two great armies.
Huntsville, Alabama, is the next station on the main line claiming
attention. It is considered by travellers one of the most beautiful towns
in the South. Here is the largest spring on the continent. Nine miles
from Huntsville are Johnson's Wells, a popular resort for invalids
and pleasure-seekers. At Stevenson, the junction of the Memphis and
Charleston and the Nashville and Chattanooga Railroads, the tourist can
diverge from the trunk line to visit Beersheba Springs or the roman-
tic Suwanee. A short distance below Decatur, on the Alabama Rail-
road, are Blount's Springs, whose waters and hotel accommodations
are growing in favor every year. On the same road are the beautifully
situated Valhermosa, Springs. At Tuscumbia, the passenger wish-
ing to reach Bailey's Springs takes a branch road to Florence, and
stage thence. These springs have had a high reputation for many years,
and are annually patronized by large numbers.
The Mineral Springs at Iuka, on the main line, are famous .
throughout the South for their important medicinal qualities. They are
of varied character, — chalybeate, sulphur, alum, &c. There is an excel-
lent hotel within five minutes’ walk of the principal spring, with croquet
ground, music stand, and various outdoor conveniences for visitors and
parties. The village itself is very pleasant, and contains good schools,
several churches, telegraph office, &c. It will be remembered as the
scene of one of the fiercest-fought battles of the war of the Rebellion
between Price and Rosecrans, in the autumn of 1862.
POPULAR RESOIRTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 307
Memphis is the principal city of Tennessee, and, with a population
already of fifty thousand, is growing rapidly. From here the tourist
may select any one of a dozen different routes. Five railroads have their
termini here; while daily lines of steamers connect with Vicksburg, Cairo,
Cincinnati, Louisville, and New Orleans. Its railroad lines west extend
to Texas and the Indian Territory.
The three great trunk lines already described are crossed nearly at
right angles by routes equally important, — the Mobile and Ohio, the New
Orleans, St. Louis, and Chicago, and the two great lines from Nashville
south, one terminating at Mobile, and the other, by connections, at
Charleston, Brunswick, or Savannah. On the Mobile and Ohio Railway
are to be found the principal watering-places of Mississippi. The best
known of these are the Lauderdale Springs, eighteen miles north of
Meridian, on the line of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad. They have many
visitors in the summer months, and are highly spoken of by medical
authorities, and are reached by stage from the above station. The accom-
modations are very good. -
Three miles from Durant station, on the same road, are the Mineral
Springs, much resorted to by those who are troubled with diseases of
the liver and kidneys. Greenwood Springs, whose reputation is rather
more extended, are reached by stage from Aberdeen, a distance of eighteen
miles, the terminus of Aberdeen branch of the Mobile and Ohio Railroad.
White Sulphur Springs, twenty-two miles from Tupelo, on the Mobile
and Ohio road, are becoming a favorite resort for those troubled with
diseases of the skin and stomach. Godbald's Mineral Wells, two
miles from Summit station, on the New Orleans, Judson, and Great North-
ern Railroad, are regarded as of great efficacy in curing certain diseases.
Crossing the Mississippi, a line of railway one hundred and thirty-
five miles in length connects Memphis with Little Rock, the capital of
Arkansas. Sixty miles to the south-west from the latter point, in the
very heart of an almost inaccessible mountain range, lie the famous
Hot Springs of Arkansas, over a hundred in number. Some of them
are only moderately warm, while in others an egg can be cooked in a few
minutes. A little village has been built, and, in the summer, parties of
tourists make the locality tolerably lively. It is being rapidly developed,
and in a few years will take its place as the Saratoga of the State. Eight
miles distant, on the Ouachita River, is what is known as the Sulphur
Spring, where patients are sent to recover from the debilitating effects
of the hot baths and sweats. The accommodations are fair. Twelve
miles to the north-east are the Mountain Valley Springs, where a
new hotel has been recently erected with accommodations for a hundred
patients. The waters here are said to be an infallible cure for dropsy,
gravel, and Bright’s disease of the kidneys.
30S PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
PLEASURE ROUTE No. 27.
B'rom Cincinnati and the North-West to Mobile, New Or-
leans, and the South.
LOUISVILLE AND GREAT SOUTHERN ROUTE.
THE tourist South who has Chicago or Cincinnati as a starting-point,
or who takes either of those cities in his way, finds his best route by the
way of the Louisville and Great Southern line, with its extensions and
connections. Several important roads from the east, the north-east,
north, north-west, and west converge at Louisville as a grand central
point. From here the direct southern line extends through Nashville,
Decatur, Montgomery, and Mobile to New Orleans, while the South-
western line branches below Bowling Green at Memphis Junction, and
extends to Memphis, with direct connection by means of the Memphis
and Little Rock, Cairo and Fulton, and the International Railroads, to
different points in Arkansas and Texas. From Humboldt and Memphis
In Tennessee illupuſ tant roads connoct with Mohile and New Orleans.
Leaving Cincinnati by the Louisville, Cincinnati, and Lexington Rail-
road, the tourist crosses the magnificent suspension bridge which con-
nects that city with Covington, on the opposite side of the Ohio River.
The span between the two towers is 1,057 feet, the most extensive in the
world. The entire length of the bridge is nearly 2,300 feet. Covington
is very pleasantly situated, and is one of the busiest and most pros-
perous cities in Kentucky.
The Littonian Springs are only four miles from Covington, and
hardly farther than that from Cincinnati. Of late years considerable
pains have been taken to add to the natural attractions of the place; and
during the season the waters are drank daily by excursion parties from
Cincinnati, Covington, and Newport.
At Lagrange, eighty miles below Covington, a branch road leads to
Lexington, from which point many beautiful and romantic spots in
Eastern Kentucky can be reached by various stage lines. Frankfort,
the capital of the State, lies upon this branch. Thirty miles below
Frankfort, by stage, is Harrodsburg, once the great fashionable water-
ing place of Kentucky, and, indeed, of the South. It is romantically
situated upon high ground near Salt River. Formerly it was greatly
affected by Southern politicians, and the outline of many a campaign
has been laid in the private parlors of the fashionable hotel of the village.
The waters of the springs here are famous for their tonic and curative
properties. The scenery in the neighborhood is lovely, the people emi-
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 309
nently social, and the accommodations for visitors equal to those of any
other place in the South. - -
Lexington can also be reached by the Kentucky Central Railway, from
Covington, the route leading through an important section of the State.
The famous Blue Lick Springs are reached by this road, the tourist
taking stage at Paris, eighty miles South of Covington. One of the
principal points of interest in the immediate vicinity of Lexington is
Ashland, the former home of the great Kentucky statesman, Henry
Clay. It resembles very little the place of thirty years ago, but still
retains numberless charms for admirers of the beauties of nature.
Louisville, One of the finest and most agreeably situated cities of
the middle range of States, is located on the Ohio River, at its junction
with Bear Grass Creek. The streets are handsomely laid out and beau-
tifully shaded ; and some of the public buildings, as well as many of
the private residences, are very fine. It has several excellent hotels, the
best known of which are the Louisville Hotel, the United States, and the
National.
The Tar and White Sulphur Springs are four miles from
Cloverport, on the Ohio, and are easily accessible from that point. The
T}rennon Black Sulphur Springs lie near the Kentucky River, in
Henry County. In the summer there is a regular steamer from Louis-
ville. g
At Mumfordsville, seventy-three miles below Louisville, is a
remarkable spring and other natural curiosities which annually attract a
large number of tourists. In this vicinity occurred a number of skir-
mishes and one or two battles between Generals Buell and Bragg, in
1862. .
At Elizabethtown, if the tourist wishes to visit the White Sulphur
Springs, somewhat famous in Western Kentucky, he will diverge from
the trunk line, on the Elizabeth and Paducah Railroad, taking stage at
Litchfield station, from which place the springs are but four miles distant.
The Waters possess considerable virtue, and during the season the place
is Well patronized. The accommodations are not extensive, but of a fair
character. -
MAMMOTII CAVE.
Returning again to the grand route, the tourist’s next stop is at Cave
City, eighty-five miles south of Louisville, and one hundred north of
Nashville, on the Green River. This is the nearest point of approach to
the Mammoth Cave, the most wonderful curiosity in the South, and,
we might perhaps add, in the whole world. At Cave City will be found
an excellent hotel, furnishing ample accommodations to the largest
parties. Two hours’ drive takes the visitor to the Cave Hotel, a large
310 . POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
and well-kept house, hardly more than two hundred paces from the
entrance to the cavern. There are yet other methods of reaching the
locality. If the tourist choose, he can land within a mile of the cave by
taking the excursion steamer from Louisville; or he may take stage at
Bowling Green, passing over twenty miles of excellent road and through
a most romantic section of country.
There is an immediate change of temperature noticed on entering the
cave, the air feeling pleasantly cool, but not chilly. Summer and
winter, the thermometer always stands at 59 Fahrenheit. A person has
never been known to take cold from a visit to the cave. It is a singular
fact, that no impure atmosphere exists in any part of it, while decompo-
sition of animal and vegetable matter is unknown. It is estimated that
there are over three hundred miles of walks, avenues, and galleries already
explored in connection with the cave, while there is a possibility of a
much larger territory yet untrodden by the foot of man. -
The Great Vestibule, a short distance from the entrance, is an immense
hall, nearly two acres in extent, over a hundred feet high, and with not a
single central support. Its dome is lost in inky blackness, which the
torches of the guides fail to wholly dispel. A mile farther on the Church
is reached, a saloon three hundred feet in circumference, with a height
of nearly seventy feet. Here is a natural pulpit, and behind it a large
gallery, as if especially designed for a choir. Divine worship has many
times been held in this subterraneous cathedral, and concerts are often
given by visiting parties. A short distance beyond the church the
avenue divides into two passages, one leading to Gothic Avenue, and the
other a continuation of the main cave. The avenue derives its name
from its resemblance to the interior of a Gothic cathedral. It is fifty
feet wide, fifteen feet high, and two miles long. For a large part of the
way the ceiling is as smooth and white as if laid on by the most skilful
trowel. The purity of the atmosphere of this portion of the cave renders
it a most desirable promenade for invalids. Fifty years ago two mum-
mies were found in a niche at the farther extremity of the avenue, in a
perfect state of preservation. One was a female in a sitting posture,
with her arms folded across her breast. They were clandestinely re-
moved, but by whom, or where they were placed, was never discovered.
The Register Rooms are next reached, the low ceilings of which are as
white as if made so by the hand of art. Here countless visitors have
Written their names with the smoke of candles. A little farther on the
visitor enters the Gothic Chapel, a hall of surpassing beauty and gran-
deur, fifty feet by eighty feet in width, and elliptical in form. At each
end are immense stalagmites, and, in addition, double rows of smaller
pillars depend from the ceiling on each side, at about equal distances,
giving it the appearance of one of the religious structures of mediaeval
PopULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 311
Europe. It is often lighted up for the gratification of visitors, and pre-
sents on such occasions a scene of surpassing magnificence. The Devil’s
Armchair, an immense, solid stalagmite, is a special object of interest ;
So, also, is the Lover’s Leap, a huge pointed rock, ninety feet above the
floor of the cavern. Nearly every projection, pit and pillar, room and
avenue, has its peculiar name; and, as there are nearly three hundred
avenues and passages alone, the impossibility of naming each in so brief
a description will readily be seen. The lower branch of Gothic Avenue
may be reached by a detour just beyond Lover’s Leap, though nothing
especially remarkable is to be seen. -
Returning to the Grand Avenue, the Ball Room is the first locality
where the visitor will feel inclined to linger. Although no regular ball
has ever been given here, improvised dances frequently take place, and
the Sound of laughter and gay voices echo strangely through the vaulted
passages and chambers adjoining. Leaving here, the visitor is suddenly
surprised by a huge black object to which has been given the name
of Giant’s Coffin. It occupies a very conspicuous position, the path
making a bend around it by, which the main cave is left to visit the
rivers and other wonders beyond. Next comes the Star Chamber, the
most brilliant of the many apartments of the cave. Splendid formations
of transparent gypsum incrust the walls and ceiling. When the light
of many torches illumines the sparkling crystallizations which Ornament
the magnificent dome, it is as if myriads of stars had made their appear-
ance in the arch above. As the visitors move about, waving their lights,
the whole cave seems filled with glittering objects, which, with the vast
size of the chamber and the snowy whiteness of the sides and floor,
makes it seem like one of the gorgeous halls described in the Arabian
Nights. The Chief City or Temple, farther along, just beyond Rocky
Pass, covers an area of nearly two acres : over it springs an immense
dome a hundred feet high. It is larger than the celebrated cave of
Staffa, and very nearly as large as the grotto of Antiparos, said to be
the most extensive in the world. A huge pile of rocks, called The
Mountain, rises nearly in the centre, up which adventurous visitors fre-
quently climb, after kindling fires at the foot. The effect is said to be
magnificent in the extreme. Gorin’s Dome used to be regarded as one
of the chief wonders of the cave. It is reached by the Labyrinth. The
dome is apparently two hundred feet high, its sides presenting the
appearance of having been fluted and polished, while a huge rock depend-
ing from the summit is so disposed as to resemble a curtain. The
Bandil's Hall forms a sort of antechamber to a number of interesting
apartments. An avenue to the left leads to a dozen or more domed
apartments, one very much like another ; another to the left leads to
the Mammoth Dome. This is one of the most sublime spectacles to be
312 - POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
witnessed in this wonderful cavern. The dome is four hundred feet
above the floor, and is only visible under the intensest light. The River
Hall and the Dead Sea are among the most prominent attractions of
the cave. The former is a huge slope up which the visitor ascends until
he reaches a steep precipice, over which he looks down, by the aid of
torches, upon a broad, black sheet of water eighty feet below, named
appropriately the Dead Sea. The sight is dark, lurid, and terrific as the
throat of the infernal pool. - *
There are several rivers in the cave, the smallest of which is the Stya.
Crossing it by a secure bridge, the visitor finds himself on the banks of
Lake Lethe, where boats are in waiting to convey such as may wish on an
aquatic excursion over its waters. On the opposite bank the Great Walk
leads to Echo River, three-quarters of a mile in length, and sufficiently
large and deep to float an ocean steamer. Four miles from Echo River
is Cleveland’s Avenue, various places of interest being passed on the
way. Close by is the Holy Sepulchre and Mary’s Vineyard. The avenue
is three miles in length, and from fifty to seventy feet in height, and may
be designated as one of the most wonderful objects in the world. It is
replete with formations that are to be found nowhere else in the entire
cave, and of surpassing beauty. Cleveland's Cabinet is a porfcct arch of
fifty feet span, extending nearly two miles, and incrusted from end to
end with the most beautiful formations, and of every variety of form.
The Snow-ball Room, a large apartment, looks as if a crowd of sportive
schoolboys had been engaged in pelting the sides and walls with snow-
balls. - Beside these named there are hundreds of other places and objects
of interest, — the Rocky Mountains, Croghan’s Hall, Sereno's Arbor, the
Dining Hall, Fat Man's Misery, the Relief Room, &c., which space for-
bids us to mention.
Language unaided by cuts is inadequate to a satisfactory description of
a place so intricate and peculiar, and yet so vast. It is hoped, therefore,
the next edition of “Popular Resorts” may present a descriptive article
upon this wonderful freak of nature, fully illustrated. -
There are several smaller caves in the vicinity, the finest of which, per-
haps, is Indian Cave, about half way between Cave City and the hotel.
The formations are even finer than those to be found in its larger neigh-
bor. Diamond and White's Caves both lie within a short distance
of each other, and near the Mammoth. A few miles away is the Natural
Bridge, nearly one hundred and fifty feet high, with a span of seventy
feet. Indian Rock and Pilot Rock, both curious formations, are
also Within easy distance of the cave, and are notable attractions of the
region.
The Ancient Mounds, which are scattered through the length and
breadth of the State, are objects of interest which the tourist cannot
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 313.
afford to neglect. Some of them are of immense extent. No trace has
ever been found by which to identify the builders. The most interest-
ing of these mysterious works, perhaps, is that in Allen County, a few
miles from Bowling Green, which attracts large numbers of visitors the
year round. Others, which in their day must have been fortresses of
immense strength, are found in Boone, Warren, Bourbon, Montgomery,
and other counties.
Nashville lies at the head of steamboat navigation on the south side
of the Cumberland River, the better portion of the city lying on a bluff
above the river. During the summer months there is a large influx of
visitors from the lower States. The climate is exceedingly mild and
healthful. The Capitol building is, with one or two exceptions, the finest.
in the United States. President Jackson’s former residence, the Hermit-
age, lies in the immediate vicinity, and is visited by thousands of tour-
ists every season.
Elkmont Springs, a favorite summer resort, lie upon the same
line, just over the Alabama border, ninety-five miles south of Nashville.
Blue Springs are located one mile, and Valhermosa, forty miles, from
Decatur, the most important town of Northern Alabama. Blount,
Springs, the most fashionable watering-place in the State, are located
twenty-one miles from Birmingham station, on the North and South
Alabama Railroad portion of the line, and near the banks of the Black
Warrior River. For many years it was the best known resort in the
Gulf States, and was largely patronized. The place is coming into notice
again, and visitors are beginning to make it an objective point. Stages
leave Birmingham Station daily for the springs. The accommodations,
though hardly what they were some years before the war, are yet of a
fair order.
There are to be found upon the branches and connections of the Great
Southern, as well as upon the other North and South routes mentioned,
various places of more or less local note, at present undeveloped, but of
future promise. As yet they are hardly of sufficient importance to
claim special mention. Illustrated descriptions, as are given in other
Sections of the country, would add to their interest and popularity.
314 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
THE VVESTERN STATES.
No section of the Union embodies such a variety of scenery as the
Western States. Every grade is represented, from the beautiful level
prairie, the deep stately river, to the broad inland sea, and the bold,
snow-capped mountain. The scenic features of the West must always
be described by superlatives. Here are the highest mountains, the
deepest cañons, the largest lakes, and the longest rivers ; and here, too,
are the broadest prairies, the highest waterfalls, the largest trees, –
in a word, the grandest elements of the country are here. Her pleasure
resorts, though new, are rapidly improving in character, and increasing
in popularity. At present those of the great North-West are the best
known ; but the startling grandeur of the Far West is attracting the atten-
tion of tourists, and each year adds its thousands of visitors. Illustrated
descriptions of Western scenery, heretofore less common than in many
parts of the country, will do much to increase its national popularity.
This will require time; yet it is hoped that the next edition of “Popular
Resorts '' will represent fully this interesting section of our country.
Language, so lavishly used in the description of tamer scenes, utterly fails
to convey to the underslauding a just conception of the grandent and
sublimity of many features in the Far West. Even the most successful
attempts of artists are tame when brought in comparison with these
works of the Great Architect.
MICHIGAN. — The Peninsulas of Michigan present many attractions to
summer tourists, – attractions which each year increase in popularity,
and must soon become favorite spots for summer recreations.
Detroit and Toledo are the principal cities, and will command the
attention of visitors.
The Magnetic Spring, recently opened at Alpina, Thunder Bay,
on the north-eastern shore of Michigan, is attracting much attention.
Its chemical and magnetic properties are very remarkable, and will well
repay an investigation from the tourist.
Another Magnetic Spring at St. Louis, near the centre of the State,
reached by the Saginaw Valley and St. Louis Railroad, is much fre-
quented by invalids from the South. The Midland Magnetic
Springs, on the line of the Flint and Père Marquette Railway are
receiving much attention.
Mackinaw, a favorite resort, is reached by steamers from Bay City
three times a week, also from Detroit, Cleveland, Buffalo, and Chicago.
Indeed, there are many interesting features being developed on the
line of the Flint and Père Marquette Railway, extending from Toledo
north-westerly through the State to Ludington on Lake Michigan, which
may receive attention in the next edition of “Popular Resorts.”
PopULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM. 315
PLEASU FE ROUTE NO. 28.
Richmond (Ind.), Cincinnati, Louisville, and the South,
to Grand Rapids, Traverse City, Northern Michigan, and
the Straits and Island. Of Mackinaw.
GRAND RAPIDS AND INDIAN A RAILROAI).
THIS route runs directly north through Indiana, dividing longitudi-
mally the eastern peninsula of Michigan, and leading directly to a large
number of popular resorts, at present being developed in that State,
many of which, for the pleasures they afford, will soon successfully rival
the summer resorts of older sections of the country. Although unpre-
pared to give illustrated descriptions, a few of the more prominent places
of interest will be briefly alluded to. -
“The triangular part of Northern Michigan, lying between the Straits
of Mackinaw on the north, the Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad on
the east, the Manistee River on the South, and Lake Michigan with its
indentations on the west, offers a comparatively unknown region, with
many charming spots which, Once visited, always command a return.
“The streams swarm with the finest fish, and the many beautiful lakes
scattered throughout the forests are rare jewels set by the hand of Na-
ture. To the Grand Traverse region we draw particular attention. The
healthfulness of this section, like its scenery and fishing, is unsurpassed.
Good hotel accommodations are generally obtainable. Visitors should
not expect the conveniences and cuisine of city houses; but good food,
well cooked and presentable, with clean and comfortable beds, can gen-
erally be procured.
“Richmond, Ind., is the southern terminus of the Grand Rapids
and Indiana Railroad, and the junction of the same with the Pittsburgh,
Cincinnati, and St. Louis, and Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton Rail-
roads. -
“In the depot, which is occupied by all of the above roads, the travel-
ler will find a good dining room and lunch counter.
“The Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad runs its through coaches
over the Cincinnati, Hamilton, and Dayton Railroad to and from Cin-
cinnati, thus offering a through railroad line from the Ohio River to
Petoskey, on Little Traverse Bay, and Traverse City, on Grand Traverse
Bay. ”
The following are among the places of interest reached:—
Fort Wayne, Ind. (twenty minutes for dinner), Rome City, Ind., Kala-
mazoo, Mich., Grand Rapids, Grand Haven, with its Mineral Springs,
Howard City, Reed City, where the line crosses the Flint and Pere Mar-
quette Railroad, Tustin Station, near which is Pine River (good Grayling
316 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
fishing), Diamond Lake, Hewitt Lake, Rose Lake, – all well stocked with
fish.
Clam Lake is twelve miles from Tustin, with a village of twelve
hundred inhabitants, fine fishing, and comfortable hotels. At Mayfield
Station, near which is Boardman River, is the trout stream of Northern
Michigan; Traverse City, with two thousand inhabitants, located on
Grand Traverse Bay, Lake Michigan, with good fishing, is the next place
of importance. Near by are Cedar Lake, Bass Lake, Betsey Lake, Long
Lake, and Traverse Lake, each noted for their fine fish. Brook trout are
very abundant in the vicinity. Fife Lake is four miles north of Walton
Junction.
|Kalkaska, county seat of Kalkaska County, is literally surrounded
by small lakes, plentifully supplied with fish. Four miles west from
Nelsonville, through an unbroken forest, is Intermediate Lake, narrow,
but twenty-four miles long, fed by many streams filled with trout.
Guides are required. The fishing is superb.
Returning to the railroad, Petoskey is the northern terminus of the
main line, 494 miles from Cincinnati. A steam yacht runs to Little
Traverse, near which are Round and Crooked Lakes ; and a swift steamer
connects with Mackinaw Island, five hours distant. “This lovely island
is one of the finest summer resorts in Northern Michigan. Its locality,
Scenery, bathing, boating, and fishing, present irresistible attractions to
the tourist, invalid, and sportsman. For hay fever and asthmatic affections
its air offers speedy relief. By a recent act of Congress, the island of Mack-
inaw has been declared a National Park. The points of interest are Fort
Mackinaw, on a rocky eminence just above the town, which was built by
the English about ninety years ago, and Fort Holmes, the crowning point
of the island, also built by the English, and originally called Fort George.
“There are three hotels on the island, with accommodations for about
five hundred guests, and numerous comfortable boarding-houses are
located at various points.
“From Petoskey the tourist may proceed to Charlevoix, sixteen miles
distant, by steamer. This town is charmingly located on a peninsula
formed between Pine Lake and a small body of water called Round
Lake, at the mouth of the former. The surrounding scenery is romantic.
From Charlevoix the visitor may proceed to Traverse City. Fine fishing
in the bay, lake, or rivers, with a steamboat trip to Torch Lake, and a
visit to the large blast furnaces located here, serve to while away the
hours. Then boarding the steamer he passes up Elk River a mile, and
enters Elk Lake, a beautiful expanse of water ten miles in length and
from two to three miles in breadth ; entering through “the narrows, '
to Round Lake, so called, whose length is about four miles with a breadth
of two; thence running up Torch River, a stream three miles long,
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 317
always interesting with its curious windings and tortuous channels, its
thickly-wooded banks and wild scenery. From the head of this stream
he enters the lower end of Torch Lake, one of the loveliest in the world,
rivalling the famous Lake George, eighteen miles long, and from two to
three miles broad. Reaching Torch Lake village, near the head, he finds
good hotels, splendid scenery, and excellent fishing. Look out for lying
guides at this point /
After wearying of this locality, the visitor may take the little steamer,
and be deposited with his boat at the mouth of Clam Lake, flowing into
the east side of Torch Lake. Passing up Clam Lake, he will presently
come to a “narrows,” leading into Grass Lake, which is joined to Inter-
mediate Lake by Grass River, a very swift stream, not navigable, but
affording fine fishing.
“Having gone the rounds with the visitor, we now leave him to his
own inclinations, and continue our travels farther west.”
Chicago is also the most important railway centre in the Western
States, and its location serves to make it the most prominent business
emporium. Although but seventy-five years old, it numbers over four
hundred and fifty thousand souls. Its history has been varied and inter-
esting, and singularly fraught with mishaps. It was settled in 1804 by
John Kinzie; on the 7th of April, and 12th of August, 1812, the garrison
was massacred by the Indians. In 1830 it had increased to but twelve or
fifteen houses, and about one hundred inhabitants, all told. It became
an incorporated town three years later, and was incorporated a city in
1837, when the population had increased to 4,170. Its growth has been
steady and rapid. Its location, on the shore of Lake Michigan, at the
mouth of the Chicago River, gives it peculiar business facilities. It is
generally level, having a slight incline to the lake. No city in the coun-
try has been so unfortunate as this. In the great fire of 1871, 13,800
buildings were destroyed, by which 74,450 persons were made homeless.
Yet with an energy and perseverance unprecedented the city has been
rebuilt, and is to-day more beautiful than before. Chicago, being the
great intermediate railway centre of the West, from which radiates a
network of lines so conveniently arranged and so adroitly managed that
every section is opened to commerce and to travel, must always maintain
its prominence in business affairs. It is noted for its elegant build-
ings, – improved since the fire, — fine bridges, and extensive tunnels,
while its parks and boulevards are attractive and beautiful. Although
not a popular resort, it contains much to interest the tourist.
318 POPULAR RESORTS, ANI) HOW TO REACH THEM.
E EYO ND CHICAGO.
HITHERTo we have said but little about the railways or the country
beyond Chicago. Many of our readers have “worn out,” by constant
visits, much of the scenery and tourists’ resorts of the East, and are
looking for “forests new and pastures green ‘’ elsewhere. We would
invite them to look to the great North-west. Here they can find lakes
and hills, mountains and valleys, woods and streams, new, and untrod by
the Eastern tourist. To get to Chicago, you have various and good
routes.
Beyond Chicago, we would name the great Chicago and North-Western
Railway, as a route having more terminal points, more connecting lines,
and reaching more points of interest, than any other; and it may be
taken, should you be on business or pleasure bent, or should you desire
to reach Denver, and the mountains of Colorado, the Wilds of Idaho and
Montana, or the Pacific slope, or north-westwardly the woods and streams
and lakes of Wisconsin, Minnesota, or the Lake Superior country of
Northern Michigan. -
HTSTORY OF TFII, T, INE.
In 1849 there was not a mile of completed railroad in the vicinity of
Chicago. In that year W. B. Ogden was endeavoring to interest the
people in the northern portion of Illinois to subscribe money to build a
tramway along the route of what afterwards became the Galena and
Chicago Union Railroad. From that small beginning great results have
grown. In time the Chicago and North-Western Railway Company was
formed, and took unto themselves this first effort of Mr. Ogden, and also
other lines projected by him and others. This great corporation now
owns and Operates Over two thousand miles of road, that, radiating from
Chicago like the fingers of a man’s hand, extend in all directions, and
cover about all of the country north, north-west, and west of Chicago.
With one branch it reaches Racine, Kenosha, Milwaukee, and the country
north thereof; with another line it pushes through Janesville, Water-
town, Oshkosh, Fond du Lac, Green Bay, Escanaba, to Negaunee and
Marquette ; with another line it passes through Madison, Elroy, and for
St. Paul and Minneapolis; branching westward from Elroy, it runs to and
through Winona, Owatonna, St. Peter, Mankato, New Ulm, and stops
not until Lake Kampeska (Dakota) is reached; another line starts from
Chicago, and continues through Elgin and Rockford to Freeport, and
connects for Warren, Galena, and Dubuque, and the country beyond.
Still another route runs almost due westward, and passes through Dixon,
Clinton (Io.), Cedar Rapids, Marshalltown, Missouri Valley Junction, to
Council Bluffs and Omaha. This last-named is the “Great Trans-Conti-
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 319
nental Route,” and the pioneer overland line for Nebraska, Colorado,
Utah, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, California, and the Pacific Coast. It
runs through the garden of Illinois and Iowa, and is the shortest and
quickest route for Omaha, Lincoln, and other points in Nebraska, and for
Cheyenne, Denver, Salt Lake City, Sacramento, San Francisco, and all
other points west of the Missouri River. -
POINTS REACHED BY THIS LINE.
See, then, what one company can do for you. If you want to go to
Milwaukee, Fond du Lac, Sheboygan, Janesville, Watertown, Oshkosh,
Green Bay, Ripon, Madison, Baraboo, Eau Claire, Hudson, Stillwater,
St. Paul, Minneapolis, Duluth, Breckenridge, Fort Garry, Winona, Owa-
tonna, New Ulm, Freeport, Warren, Galena, Dubuque, Waterloo, Fort
Dodge, Sioux City, Yankton, Council Bluffs, Omaha, Lincoln, Denver,
Salt Lake City, Sacramento, San Francisco, or a hundred other northern,
north-western, or western points, this great line affords the amplest
accommodations. The track is of the best steel rail, is well ballasted,
and all the appointments are first-class in every respect. The trains that
run over this route are made up of elegant new Pullman palace drawing-
room and sleeping coaches built expressly for this line; luxurious, well-
lighted, and well-ventilated day-coaches, and pleasant lounging and smok-
ing cars, all built by this company in their own shops. The cars are all
"equipped with the celebrated Miller safety platform, and patent buffers
and couplings, Westinghouse safety air brakes, and every other appliance
that has been devised for the safety of passenger-trains. All trains are
run by telegraph. It is acknowledged by the travelling public to be the
popular line for all points in Northern Illinois, Wisconsin, Minnesota,
Northern Michigan, Dakota, Western Iowa, Nebraska, Wyoming, Colo-
rado, Utah, Montana, Idaho, Nevada, California, and the Pacific slope.
SUMMER RESORTS.
The Devil’s Lake country around Baraboo (171 miles from Chicago), the
beautiful lake country around Madison (140 miles from Chicago), Sparta
(a celebrated magnetic-spring resort), Escanaba, Fond du Lac, Green
Lake, Elkhart Lake, Marquette, St. Paul, Minneapolis, the Falls of
Minnehaha, Lakes Calhoun, Harriett, and Minnetonka, White Bear Lake,
Lake Como, and many other points on this route, are well worth visiting.
Good hotels, and pleasant boarding and farm houses, abound ; near
which you can find fishing, sailing, boating, and bathing to your heart's
content. Lake Geneva, the gem of Western lakes, is also on this line;
and at its head is the town of that name, appropriately named “The
Saratoga of the West.” The Chicago and North-Western Railway each
year places on sale excursion-tickets at cheap rates to all of its summer
resorts in the North-west, and to Denver and other points in Colorado.
320 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
PLEASURE FOUTE NO. 29.
The Chicago and North-Western Railroad: its Branches
and Connections. -
THE GREAT NORTH-WEST.
To the majority of the citizens of the West, the Chicago and North-
Western Railway is well known; not so, however, to those in many parts
of our extended country.
Operating over two thousand miles of the best road in the world,
and running through five great States, with numerous branches, it is
not to be expected that the traveller from the South or the East could,
unaided, understand the vast system of lines owned and operated by
this company.
Summering.”—“Not more regularly does the warm season recur,
than does the desire, begotten of it, to get away from home; to throw
every thing aside, if only for a day or two, and go away somewhere.
And what a blessed comfort it is to shake off the dust of the city, to
leave behind and forget its hot pavements and dusty walls, and hurry
off to some cool, leafy nook nestling far away among the mountains;
or on the shore of some one of the many inland lakes which, like jewels,
bestud our northern landscape With the warm breezes wafted by the
opening summer's days there comes an inward longing to be off, a desire
for a change of scene, – a yearning for that abandon which can only be
found in mature's more secluded haunts.”
As we have seen, the great North-West is rich in lovely retreats.
WisconsiN.—“The ‘Badger State’ is yearly becoming more widely
and more favorably known to the summer tourist, and to the seeker after
rural pleasures. While comparatively a new State, it is yet old in many
respects. As long ago as the middle of the seventeenth century, it was
visited by French missionaries and traders, who took home with them
glowing accounts of the fertility of its soil, the splendor of its scenery,
the freshness of its odorous pine-clad hills, its flashing, rapid running
streams, full of fish, its clear, deep, cold, pure, and beautiful lakes, of
which the State has many hundreds, and its delightful, balmy, and invig-
orating summer climate. The stories of these advantages were not lost
on the beauty-loving French, and soon colonies were formed for the set-
tlement of this charming ‘Neekoospara,’ as they had learned from the
* The following matter has, by permission, been collated largely from several small guide-
books of the North-West. It is intended to give Special attention to this region before
the issue of 1876.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 321
Indians to call the country we have since named Wisconsin. It may
rightly then, be inferred that the French were the first whites to make
homes along the bays, lakes, and rivers of this well favored land.
“Distributed, if we may so speak, all over the State, can be found
objects of interest to the lover of the picturesque and to the antiquary.
Scattered over her undulating plains are found earthworks modelled
after the forms of men and animals: these are evidently the work of a
race different from those who possessed the country at the period of the
arrival of the French. At Aztalan, in Jefferson County, is an ancient
fortification, seventeen hundred feet long and nine hundred feet wide,
with Walls five to six feet high and more than twenty feet thick; this,
with another near the Blue Mounds, near Madison, resembles a man in a
recumbent position. Another, near Madison, in Dane County, resembles
a turtle; one at the south end of the Devil's Lake, in Sauk County, closely
resembles an eagle; and One near Cassville, in Grant County, on the Mis-
sissippi River, resembles the extinct mastodon. The Blue Mounds, in
Dame County, rise to two thousand feet above the surrounding country,
and are prominent landmarks in that prairie region. This State shares
with Minnesota the beautiful Lake Pepin, an expansion of the Missis-
sippi River, mostly walled in by precipitous shores which rise in places
to five hundred feet. Connected with almost every cliff or promontory
along the shores of this beautiful lake, are legends of the Indians who
formerly had homes here. Along the rivers of this State are found
many waterfalls, rivalling in beauty those of older States. In the St.
Louis River are the Dalles, which have a descent of three hundred and
twenty feet. The Dalles of the St. Croix are also well known. Quin-
nessec Falls, in Menomonee River, have a perpendicular pitch of over
fifty feet, and a general descent of one hundred and fifty feet in a mile
and a half, besides many other rapids, where the river tosses and dashes
through narrow and tortuous defiles. The Chippewa Falls and the Big
Bull Falls might also be noted. Along the Wisconsin River are many
grand and picturesque views; in Richmond County the banks of the
river rise to a height of two hundred to two hundred and fifty feet, and
in Sauk County it passes through narrow gorges where the banks rise to
five hundred to six hundred feet elevation. Grandfather Bull Falls, the
greatest rapids of the Wisconsin River, are in 45° north latitude, and
are a series of wild cascades dashing through a gorge a mile and a
half long and one hundred and fifty feet perpendicular height; on the
same river, near latitude 44°, is Petenwell Peak, an oval mass of rock,
nine hundred feet long by three hundred wide and two hundred high,
and from which commanding views can be obtained. About seventy
feet of the upper portion of this rock is cut and split into fantastic
shapes, many of the fragments resembling castles, towers, and turrets.
322 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
A few miles distant is Fortification Rock, which rises perpendicularly
several hundred feet. At the Dalles this river is compressed for five
or six miles between red sandstone cliffs, averaging over one hundred
feet in height; while in places the river is compressed to a width of fifty-
five feet.
“The principal lakes are Lake Winnebago, -in the south-eastern portion
of the State. This lake is about thirty miles long and ten miles wide, and
communicates with Green Bay (an arm of Lake Michigan) through Fox
or Neenah River, — Horicon Lake, Devil’s Lake, Lake Koshkonong, Lake
Geneva, Lake Zurich, and the four lakes around Madison; these are the
larger of this lake-studded State. Along all the rivers, and at their
“heads,” hundreds of little lakelets are found, like gems glittering in the
sunshine. -
“Waukegan, Ill., is the county seat of the county of Lake, so called
because of the fifty-six beautiful lakes within its boundaries. The city
has between seven and eight thousand inhabitants; is situated on a bluff
on the western shore of Lake Michigan, which it overlooks. The town
proper stands about one hundred feet above the lake, and in point of
attractiveness as a summer resort stands unrivalled in all the West-
ern States. Its acknowledged beauty, fine drives, Society, Schools, pic-
turesque scenery, ravines, brooks, and general loveliness, fashioned by
Nature's own hands, aided by cultivated taste, combine to make it a
place which will be sought for by the thousands of private families
who yearly, more and more, seek to avoid the heat, dust, and noise
of a busy metropolis, for the health-giving quiet and retirement of the
country.
“The Glen Flora Mineral Springs. – The waters which have
been for perhaps untold ages gurgling from their cool, rocky depths,
and flowing in miniature rivulets into Lake Michigan, have this year
been proven beyond question, by scientific analysis, to be of the most
valuable medicinal character.
“The Glen Flora Springs are easy of access, being located on the
line of the Milwaukee Division of the Chicago and North-Western Rail-
way. About sixteen trains pass and repass between the cities of Chicago
and Milwaukee daily. The railroad station, “Glen Flora,’ is only about
one-quarter of a mile from the Springs, which are reached by a newly
graded road, leading up the bluff in close proximity to them. The loca-
tion, for picturesque beauty and romantic surroundings, is unsurpassed
in this country. They are nestled in a beautiful ravine or glen, origi-
nally named ‘Floral Glen,” because of the remarkable profusion of wild
flowers which grow and thrive spontaneously from end to end of its
labyrinthian traceries.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 323
“Milwaukee. — Cities, says an eminent writer, have always been
the fire-places of civilization, whence light and heat radiate out into the
dark, cold world ; and the union of men in large masses is indispensable
to their development and growth. - -
“Fifty years ago, and all there then was of the now prosperous and
beautiful city of Milwaukee – lowland, shore, and forest—was in the
undisputed possession of the Indian. -
“The first white man to invade this beautiful retreat was Solomon
Juneau. He came here in the autumn of 1818, and built him a log
cabin, which gradually assumed the distinctive features of a store, in
which he kept a few goods suitable for barter. For seventeen years he
was not only the only merchant in the place, but the only white settler.
A few Indian traders occasionally came, but none made a permanent
location. - -
“Milwaukee is now the commercial emporium of the State of Wiscon-
sin and one of the most important cities, in many respects, in the North.
West. It has a population of about a hundred thousand; and is built
largely of the famous cream-colored Milwaukee brick, which are produced
here in large quantities. The situation of the city on Lake Michigan
shore, at the mouth of Milwaukee River, is very pleasant, healthful, and
attractive. The river furnishes one of the best and most commodious
bays and harbors on the lakes.” -
Tourists will find at the Newhall House and Plankinton House, first-
class accommodations.
Lake Dells is a popular resort in the suburbs, with a fine water view,
which is receiving considerable attention.
“During a few years past numbers of residences and cottages have
been built upon the summit of the bluff, or on the plateau beneath,
and many more are planned for the coming season. -
“During the late summer and early fall months the temperature of
the water is delightful for bathing, averaging in the shallow bay off
Lake Dells, by actual test and record, sixty-eight to seventy degrees.
“Sheboygan, Wis., the county seat of Sheboygan County, is
a thriving manufacturing city of about seven thousand inhabitants.
It is the eastern terminus of the Sheboygan and Fond du Lac Railway,
and is the most important station on the line of the Milwaukee, Lake
Shore, and Western Railway north of Milwaukee. The former of
these roads makes close connections with the Wisconsin Division of the
Chicago and North-Western Railway at Fond du Lac, and the latter is
practically an extension of the Milwaukee Division of the Chicago and
North-Western Railway.
“Sheboygan is one of the most delightful summer resorts in the West.
It has a commanding location on a bluff overlooking Lake Michigan. The
324 PoPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
river affords unsurpassed opportunities for rowing, while the lake is a
favorite resort for those who, enjoy sailing. Pleasure boats of all kinds
may be had here. The fishing is good; the fisheries off Sheboygan are
among the most important on Lake Michigan, and a summer day can
hardly be more pleasantly spent than in visiting them in one of the steam
fishing-smacks. The drives in the vicinity of the city are fine. This is
especially true of the excursion up the river five miles, to the charming
village of Sheboygan Falls. But, after all, the chief attractions which
Sheboygan holds out to the summer tourist are the healthfulness and
coolness of its climate. Lying, as it does, ten miles out in the lake, it is
fanned by deliciously cool and invigorating lake breezes from the north,
east and south, and consequently, the intensely hot Weather that gen-
erally prevails in the interior during the summer months is unknown
here. The Beekman House will furnish a good home to visitors. -
“From Sheboygan, the popular summer resorts along the line of the
Sheboygan and Fond du Lac Railway may be easily reached. It is only
an hour's ride from Sheboygan to beautiful Elkhart Lake; a three hours'
ride to the famous Mineral Springs at Fond du Lac ; and a five hours’
ride to that gem of Wisconsin scenery, Green Lake.
“Wisconsin is famous for her beautiful lakes, the annual resort of
thousands of people in quest of health and pleasure. Among the love-
liest of these is Lake Elkhart, acknowledged to be one of the most
healthful places in the West. It is fifty-seven miles north of Mil-
waukee, and can be reached by the Chicago and North-Western Rail-
way and its immediate connection, the Sheboygan and Fond du Lac
Railway. The station, Glenbeulah, is three miles from the Lake. Omni-
buses run to the hotels from all the trains arriving at this station.
“Cincinnati, Louisville, St Louis, Indianapolis, Chicago, and Milwau-
kee are largely represented at Elkhart. Instead of going to some
“fashionable' watering-place, where dress, flirtation, and the usual con-
sequences of folly, prevail, our Western people wisely prefer these
secluded spots, where Nature is so profuse of her charms.
“Elkhart Lake covers about eight hundred acres, and is pleasingly
diversified by bays, which coquettishly wind around jutting bluffs,
beneath whose shades the crystal water slumbers, so pure and clear that
the white sand and gravel of the lake bottom can be plainly seen at a
depth of twenty to twenty-five feet. As viewed from the elevated
veranda of Marsh’s Swiss Cottage, the scene is beautiful beyond descrip-
tion. The surrounding hills are verdant with pine, spruce, maple, bass-
wood, and red and white cedar ; while wheat fields, seen through forest
vistas, afford to the eye, as it feasts upon the varying charms, a most
pleasing variety.
“A steamboat and barge, sail and row boats, will run in connection
POPULAR RESORTS, AND EIOW TO REACH THEM. 325
with the trains of the Sheboygan and Fond du Lac Railroad, and convey
passengers to any part of the lake desired. • .
“Fond du Lac. — Passengers desirous of reaching Fond du Lac, or
any point north thereof, can go via Milwaukee, or via Janesville and the
Wisconsin Division.
“This is called the ‘second city of the State.’ It lies in one of the
richest agricultural districts in the West, seventy miles from Madison,
sixty-three miles from Milwaukee, forty miles from Sheboygan, sixty miles
from Green Bay, and one hundred and forty-eight miles from Chicago, -
directly connected with all of the above-named cities by railroads ; in
short, the railroad facilities for coming to Fond du Lac are equal to those
of any other interior city in the Union, as they radiate from the city at
nearly all points of the compass. It is rich in manufacturing resources,
and in wealth and population is second only to Milwaukee among all the
cities of Wisconsin. Fond du Lac is blessed with enterprising, liberal-
minded manufacturers and business men.
“Fountain Mineral Spring, in the neighborhood, has gained great
celebrity for the many cures its waters have performed.
“Several yacht clubs navigate Lake Winnebago in elegant rakish craft,
for prizes in sportive contests. Steamboats, with pleasure parties, often
make excursions around the lake, which is thirty miles long by ten
broad — whose borders furnish beautiful landscape views, and the
most gorgeous scenery. Besides, Fond du Lac is surrounded with other
pleasant places of resort. Lake de Neveu, a beautiful sheet of
water, is romantically situated, about three miles south-east of the city.
Eastward is Elkhart Lake, already famous for its natural beauties; and
westward lies Green Lake, a noted summer resort. On all these lakes
are pleasure boats propelled by steam, wind, and man power. Their
waters furnish a plentiful and various supply of fresh-water fish, where
piscatorially inclined ladies and gentlemen can enjoy plenty of amuse-
ment in that line.
Parties visiting Fond du Lac on pleasure bound, or for the purpose of
being restored to health, will find hotel accommodations of every variety
and grade, – some elegantly fitted and furnished, rivalling the best
houses in the country. There are also a number of private boarding-
houses, some in the immediate vicinity of the Magnetic Springs, where
board may be obtained at reasonable rates.
Although we do not usually recommend cities as popular resorts, still
there will be found at Fond du Lac much to interest the tourist, both in
the town and its vicinity. The drives are interesting, and the roads
good, which, combined with the other attractions named, entitle this
resort to the favorable reputation it has won. -
326 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
“Green Lake (Dartford P.O.), Wis., is the name of a village situated
on the banks of Green Lake, Wisconsin; is a station on the Sheboygan
and Fond du Lac Railroad, and is accessible by the Chicago and North-
Western and the Sheboygan and Fond du Lac Railways. The public
houses are first-class, and pleasant boarding places are readily obtained
at the farm-houses in the vicinity.
“The natural scenery around Dartford is unrivalled in variety and
beauty. Groves of primeval grandeur, far-stretching prairies, and exten-
sive lake views, greet the eye from every point. The grounds around the
lake have been terraced, furnished with swings, promenades, and other-
wise ornamented, to render them pleasant and attractive. The lake
averages a length of fifteen miles, and a width of three miles. Its banks
vary from beautiful grassy slopes to high rocky cliffs, bordered with
evergreens, presenting the greatest diversity of physical character, and,
affording unlimited natural advantages for pleasing and romantic ram-
bles. Its waters are very pure, and so transparent that their pebbly bed
may be seen at a depth of from twenty to thirty-five feet. A great
variety and abundance of the finny tribe inhabit this beautiful sheet of
water; and good fishing-boats and tackle for lovers of sport, and excellent
sail-boats for seekers of pleasure, are furnished for the accommodation
of visitors. .
“The Oakwood is the name of a hotel situated on the banks of Green
Lake. The location of this much-sought Summer resort and delightful
watering-place is only one mile from Green Lake Station and depot.
Omnibus and carriages await the arrival of all trains. The Sherwood
Forest House, and Walker House also furnish first class accommodations.
“McHenry, Ill., is situated on the Fox River, only sixty miles
from Chicago, viá the Chicago and North-Western Railway. It has
about fifteen hundred inhabitants. About six miles north, by a pleasure
steamboat, we come to a chain of four lakes, unsurpassed anywhere in
the West for their beautiful scenery. They are skirted on all sides by
miniature mountains, little islands dot the surface from one end to the
other, varying in size from two to sixty acres each. These lakes are all
deep, and abound in fish.
“Lake Zurich is named after one of the most splendid lakes in
Switzerland; and when once seen, and its scenery and loveliness enjoyed,
no one would for a moment think that he who named it was guilty of
any presumption in the christening. This place is situated on the edge
of Lake County, four miles north by east from Barrington Station, on the
Wisconsin Division of the Chicago and North-Western Railway. An
Omnibus is in waiting on the arrival of trains, to convey passengers to
the Lake Zurich House. The road runs through a splendid farming
Country, teeming with all the exuberant richness of a bounteous soil,
|
|
|
| |
|
|| || |
|
|
| |
| |
|

328 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
alternating with woodland and prairie, hills and valleys, fields of waving
grain, and farmhouses embowered in shrubbery, -making one of the
finest landscapes in this region. º
“Oshkosh as a summer resort and watering-place possessed a rare
combination of natural features for a delightful summer residence before
the late fire, by which it suffered fearfully. The climate is not sur-
passed in healthfulness; the air is pure and dry; and the invigorating
breezes from the lake temper the heats of Summer. The scenery is
lovely; the lake a most magnificent sheet of water with beautiful shores
and good harbors that are accessible in every direction, thus affording
the best of yachting facilities. The surrounding country is beautiful,
with excellent roads, affording delightful drives, and picturesque views
of lake and river scenery. Wild game is abundant in the vicinity, blue
and green winged teal, mallard and wood duck, snipe, woodcock, quail,
and prairie chickens. The waters abound in black and white bass and
other fish, and brook trout are plentiful in streams within a day's travel.”
Lake Winnebago is really the special attraction. Fox River is a beau-
tiful stream, both before it enters Winnebago at Oshkosh, and after
it leaves it at Menasha, from which place to Green Bay it is a series of
rapids falling a hundred and seventy-five feet, which are overcome by
locks and dams.
The Seymour House of this place has long been noted for its homelike
accommodations, and is much frequented by visitors.
“Menasha, being situated at the foot of Lake Winnebago and Lake
Buttes des Morts, and embracing part of Doty's Island, furnishes pictur-
esque and entertaining scenery, unsurpassed by any Western town.
“The climate is salubrious, and no place on the continent is freer from
epidemics. The air is mild and bracing, and yields a vigor and endur-
ance to the system that is above all price.
“Lake Winnebago provides boating, sailing, and bathing facilities.
Steamboats ply on its limpid waters, and sailing vessels can always be
had, furnishing ample means for pleasure excursions. Rowboats are
kept in connection with the National Hotel, always at the service of
guests, furnishing a most agreeable and healthful exercise, on the ever
placid waters of Fox River and adjacent bays of the lake. In connec-
tion with other sports, fish and game are plenty, and the sportsman need
have no lack of pleasurable novelties.
“The city of Neenah is located in the county of Winnebago, and most
romantically and beautifully situated on the For River, at the outlet of
Lake Winnebago, and on the line of the Chicago and North-Western
Railway. The present population is over four thousand.
“Pewaukee, Wis. – Among the many points of attraction within
the borders of our already famous and justly celebrated country, Pewau-
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 329.
kee holds a fair share of possessions, and in some considerations is
superior to any other. Located nineteen miles west of Milwaukee, and
situated at the foot of Pewaukee Lake, which everybody concedes to be
the gem of all others. r
“Oakton Springs are situated in a beautiful grove on the south.
side of Pewaukee Lake, which is five miles long from east to west, and
from half a mile to one and a half in width, with an average depth of
fifty feet, and two hundred and sixty-three feet above the level of Lake
Michigan. Oakton Springs Hotel is in every way attractive, and affords
every desired convenience.
“Geneva, Lake, Wis., is reached from Chicago vià the Chicago and
North-Western Railway, by the Wisconsin Division and Crystal Lake,
and vić the Freeport and Fox River lines viá Elgin. Through trains
run by both these routes. *
“Geneva has but recently been reached by the railroad, and has sprung
at once into notice as a delightful place for summer resort. The village
is situated at the foot of the lake. It has three hotels, all well kept.
“Hills, retaining a portion of their native forest, surround the village
on three sides; and from its centre spreads out towards the south a
charming bay nearly a mile in width, with high and wooded banks.
Beyond the points which bound it, are seen the main lake and the south-
ern shore about three miles away. Bending to the right,...it extends
south-westwardly some eight or nine miles, its width varying from half a.
mile to two miles at different points. Its banks are high and wooded,
especially near its head, where they rise to bold bluffs. The water is
principally derived from springs, and is pure and clear as crystal. The
scenery of this lake can scarcely be surpassed for picturesqueness and
beauty.
“The lake abounds in fish, such as pickerel, black and rock bass, perch,
sun-fish, &c. Como Lake and other smaller lakes, also full of fish, may
be easily reached from the village. Small boats in great numbers are
kept here for hire, and yachts and other sailboats constantly utilize the
Summer breezes. A nicely finished and well-conducted steamboat, capa-
ble of accommodating three or four hundred passengers, was put upon
the lake in 1873, and added much to its attractions.
“Mineral Springs of Palmyra, Wis. – There are two groups of
Springs at this place, differing somewhat in their chemical properties,
and both claiming their special devotees. Several are chalybeate, while
others are strongly impregnated with the different chlorides, bicarbonates,
and Sulphates.
“Submerged Spring. — Here is found one of the most notable of
all objects of interest yet discovered in this region, which excites unceas—
ing Wonder. Imagine an expanse of water covering an area of one-
330 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
fourth of an acre, and from one to two feet in depth. Rowing out a few
yards, you find yourself suddenly looking down into a cave twenty-five
feet in length and twelve across, the sides perpendicular, and covered
with verdant foliage. The color of the water next attracts your atten-
tion, which appears of the most delicate opaline tints. At the bottom of
the cave, fifteen feet below the surface, the fine white sand boils and
bubbles unceasingly, like a seething mammoth caldron; and here is the
source of the spring. Its finny inhabitants seem suspended in air.
“Green Bay is on the east bank of Fox River, one mile from where it
empties into the bay from which the town of Green Bay takes its name.
A fine bridge connects it with Fort Howard. The bay and river afford
a perfectly secure harbor, and make this the principal shipping point for
Northern Wisconsin. The climate is mild and exhilarating in summer.
The cool nights cause mosquitoes to give the place a wide berth. There
is excellent fishing in the bay and river, and every facility for boating.
At this point the river is a quarter of a mile broad. The bay is dotted
with little islands covered with forests, and admirably adapted for picnic
and pleasure parties. The adjacent woods are filled with partridge, wood-
cock, pigeon, and deer in their season, while the bay and river abound
in the water-fowl peculiar to this northern latitude. Neighboring streams
are stocked with speckled trout, and the tributaries of the bay furnish
excellent bass fishing. The place is the most notable in the State for the
gayety of its people and select parties. Small steamers, yachts, and boats
of all kinds, are to be had for trips on the river and bay. The place is a
favorite summer resort for parties from Chicago, St. Louis, the South,
and East. The best hotels are the First National Hotel and Beaumont.
“Pensaukee is situated on the west shore of Green Bay, twenty-five
miles north of Green Bay City, and five miles south of Oconto City, on the
line of the Chicago and North-Western Railway. As a resort for pleas-
ure-seekers and sportsmen it cannot be excelled by any point in Northern
Wisconsin. In June and July the streams abound with trout, and Green
Bay affords better bass fishing than any point on the entire chain of
lakes. In September, October, and November, there is an abundance of
deer, duck, and snipe, in the immediate vicinity of the Pensaukee House.
“Escanaba is one of the pleasantest summer resorts there is in the
West. The water of the bay, clear as crystal, washes the streets of
the city on two sides, while the Escanaba River forms the third, and the
aromatic Piney Woods’ close well down on the other side. The Tilden
House offers quiet and comfortable quarters for tourists who may wish to
spend days or weeks here fishing, boating, or bathing. White Fish Bay
in this vicinity offers rare sport for the fishermen; and every little stream,
and they are numerous, is almost alive with the ever beautiful spotted
prook trout. From Escanaba excursions are fitted out in various
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 331
directions. Those not caring for fishing can take to the “woods,' and
find bear and deer in abundance, to say nothing of ducks, geese, brants,
partridges, and smaller feathered game. -
“Marquette, situated on the South shore of Lake Superior, at the
eastern terminus of the Marquette, Houghton, and Ontonagon Railroad,
is the centre of the great iron region of Lake Superior. The principal
business interest is that of mining. It is well supplied with excellent
hotels and large summer boarding-houses.
“On the bay you have unequalled facilities for boating, and its waters
are filled with gamey fish which seem eager to reward the angler, as they
are caught in great abundance with but little labor. A few miles out in
the bay are several large islands covered with virgin forests. These
islands, are favorite resorts for picnic parties, who reach them by Sail-
boats, by steamer, or by small row-boats, of which any number may be
hired in Marquette at any time.
“For the invalid, or for the resident of our Southern States, Marquette
offers many inducements as a summer resort. Its air is pure and clear,
its days not hot, its nights pleasantly cool and yet not too cold, and
its healthfulness unquestioned.
“From Marquette you can take steamer for Hancock and Houghton on .
the Kewenaw peninsula, or for Sault St. Mary, for Isle Royal, St. Ignace
Island, Fort William, or any point on the north shore of Lake Superior.
On that shore you will find Nature in all her wildness. The white man’s
arts and ways have not yet penetrated its wilds, and the Indian with his
peculiarities can be found without seeking far. This Indian is not the
savage of the plains or mountains, but he who has been tamed by the
kindly teachings of the patient Catholic missionary, who has been a
dweller in the tents of the uncultured child of the forest for generations,
and who has lived there really and truly for the Indian’s good, and not
for the white man’s aggrandizement, as is too often the case with the
so-called friend of the Indian. No finer trout fishing is to be had any-
where on the broad earth than can be found on the north shore of this
great inland Ocean. Speckled trout, weighing from five to twelve pounds, are
often caught by the few adventurous spirits who have for several years
sought these favored shores. The rivers Nipigon and Michapacoton are
the best known of the trout streams of the north shore. Guides to these
streams can be easily hired at Marquette, and fishing parties can be fitted
out with little expense or labor. And here we might drop a hint that
may be useful to the stranger: take an Indian for your guide if you go
to the north shore to fish; see that you get one who does not love “fire-
water,” and one that is not afraid of work. Plenty of lazy white men
will tender their services, and boast of their knowledge and skill, but
touch them not. They are utterly worthless, either in your boat or out
of it.
332 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
MARQUETTE TO DULUTH, VIA THE NEW LINE OF SIDEWHEEL STEAMERS.
“These elegant boats leave Marquette in the morning, and pass by the
Huron Islands, Manitou Island, around Kewenaw Point, past Fort Wil–
liam, Eagle Harbor, Eagle River, Ontonagon, the Pewabic Copper Mines,
Copper Harbor, Ashland, Bayfield, and so up to Fond du Lac and Duluth.
We have an attractive trip on magnificent boats over the largest lake in
the world. Lake Superior is noted for its clear, cold water (it being so
clear that from the deck of the steamer you can plainly see the great
lake trout playing in the water forty feet below the surface); you pass
within sight of the shores of the lake, which are in many places moun-
tainous, and clothed in the verdure of the pine, hemlock, spruce, fir, and
other evergreen trees. A more delightful trip for the hot days of sum-
mer cannot be had within the bounds of the American Continent. The
steamers are large, stanch, finely equipped, and commanded by officers
whose superiors in courtesy and kindness cannot be found anywhere.
CHICAGO AND ST, PA UIL I,IN E.
“This is a through line between Chicago and St. Paul of 409 miles, and
Chicago and Minneapolis and St. Anthony of 420 miles. One management
controls the route, and trains run through to St. Paul without change of cars.
“Leaving the Canal and Kinzie Streets Depot of the Chicago and North-
Western Railway, you pass through many pleasant villages, such as
Irving Park, Desplaines, Barrington, Crystal Lake, and Woodstock, and
reach Harvard, sixty-two miles from Chicago, where you cross the
track of the Kenosha and Rockford Division of this company's lines.
At Caledonia, seventy-seven miles out, you cross another branch of
this road. At Beloit, ninety-three miles from Chicago, you cross the
Western Union Railroad, and enter the State of Wisconsin. At Han-
over, one hundred and six miles from Chicago, you cross the Monroe
Branch of the Milwaukee and St. Paul Road, running from this point
to Monroe, twenty-seven miles distant. n
“At Madison you are 140 miles from Chicago, and at the capital of
Wisconsin, a city of over fifteen thousand people.
“The city is pleasantly situated on an isthmus about three-fourths of a
mile wide, between Lakes Mendota and Monona, in the centre of a broad
valley, surrounded by heights from which it can be seen at a distance Of
several miles. Lake Mendota lies north-west of the town, is six miles
long and four miles wide, with clean gravelly shores, and a depth suffi-
cient for navigation by steamboats. Lake Monona is somewhat Smaller.
“At this point you reach a branch of the Milwaukee and St. Paul Rail-
road, which runs northward to Portage City. -
“The City of Madison. — A great many efforts have been made to
depict the beauties of the location, but no words can convey an adequate
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 333
idea of what is, indeed, indescribable. The reason of this is, that every
new point of observation creates a shifting panorama, – that no two
exhibit the same scenery. From any considerable elevation, a circuit of
In early thirty miles in every direction is visible. Four lakes lie embosomed
like gems, shining in the midst of groves of forest trees; while the gentle
swells of the prairies, dotted over by fields and farms, lend a charm to
the view which words cannot depict. On the west, the lofty peak of the
West Blue Mound, twenty-five miles away, towers up against the sky,
like a grim sentinel guarding the gateway to the setting sun, while the
intermediate setting is filled in with swelling hills, majestic slopes, levels,
and valleys of rivers and rivulets. Madison is the centre of a circle
whose natural beauties compass all that is charming to the eye, grateful
to the senses, pleasing to the imagination, and which, from its variety
and perfection, never grows tedious or tiresome to the spectator. With
good taste the citizens have preserved the native forest trees, so that
its dwellings are embowered in green and buried in foliage in the proper
season, to such an extent that the whole city cannot be seen from any point
of view. It is in itself unique, like its surroundings, and the transient
traveller gains no conception of the place by barely passing through it.
“Devil's Lake is prominent among the summer resorts of the North-
west, thirty-six miles north of Madison, and one hundred and seventy-
six miles from Chicago, on the Madison Division of the Chicago and
North-Western Railway.
“The bluffs of the Wisconsin, at the point where the Baraboo River
embouches into the valley, are six hundred feet in height. In the midst
of this enormous rocky stratum is a deep fissure, or gorge, depressed over
four hundred feet from the surface, hemmed in by mighty precipices,
which constitute the basin of a body of water about a mile and a half
in length by a half a mile in breadth, known as the Devil’s Lake. The
level of the waters is one hundred and ninety feet above the Wiscolisin
river, and it is supposed that the bottom reaches below that of the river.
A two-hours’ ride on the cars from Madison will land the visitor directly
upon the shore. - - -
“The lake is one of the most wonderful and romantic spots in existence;
and it has an abiding attraction for tourists, who return to it again and
again to admire and enjoy it, to wonder at it, and to puzzle over it.
Here, ages ago, probably some terrible internal convulsion rent the
earth's surface, and piled various strata of rock, of immense size, from
three hundred to six hundred feet high, and disposed it in every con-
ceivable fantastic form. Within the basin thus made lies nestled a
beautiful, placid lake of clear, pure water, which reflects on its mirror-
like surface the rugged and awe-inspiring barriers which environ it. It
has no visible inlet or outlet, but abounds in fish. This marvellous place
334 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
has attracted the attention of geologists and scientific men for many
years; and Various theories exist regarding its formation, but not one
which has met with general acceptance, or which appears to satisfactorily
explain it. Increasing numbers of tourists include it in their round now
that it has become so easily accessible by rail. -
“On every side of the lake you see ‘rock piled on rock” in every con-
ceivable form, and in immense columns, pillars, piles, and masses of very
great magnitude and height. The railroad runs along the shore of the
lake on a bed that was literally blasted out of the sides of the mountain.
From the car windows all the beauties of this wonderful, and weirdly
mysterious region can readily be seen.
“MINNESOTA.—This picturesque State lies between 439 and 499 north
latitude and 89° and 97° west longitude, and is about 380 miles long by
300 miles wide. The surface of the country is undulating. It has no
mountains, yet it is the most elevated tract of country between Hudson's
Bay on the north and New Orleans on the south. The soil varies very
much ; in the valleys it is excellent, and especially so in the valley of
the St. Peter. Above the Falls of St. Anthony the soil is of drift
formation.
“Minnesota has so long been celebrated for its dry, healthful, and
invigorating climate, and has been so well brought to the notice of
health and pleasure seekers, that it is useless for us to take up your time
with any lengthy description of the State, its cities, or in fact, any thing
relating thereto: we feel sure that all you need to know is where to go,
and how to get there, and your own good judgment or choice will supply
the rest.
“St. Paul is the largest city in the State, and is the place to go to
jirst ; from that point you can reach all other summer resorts in the State.
This city is well supplied with good hotels and first-class boarding
houses, in which the summer visitor can find all the comforts and accom-
modations he may wish. The charges for board are reasonable.
“From St. Paul you can, in one hour or less, reach Minneapolis .
and St. Anthony, by the St. Paul and Pacific Railroad. Several
trains are run each day between these points and St. Paul. Around
St. Paul, and within easy carriage-driving distance, you will find the
Falls of St. Anthony, Minnehaha Falls, Carver’s Cave, Fountain Cave,
White Bear Lake, the Bridal Veil Falls, Lake Como, Fort Snelling, the
Fawn’s Leap, and so on. A short distance farther off, but within easy
access from the city are the beautiful Lakes Harriet and Calhoun, Lake
Minnetonka, Cedar Lake, the Lake of the Isles, Twin Lakes, Crystal
Lake, and many others ‘too numerous to mention.” Each has beauties
peculiarly its own. All are full of fine fish ; and boats can be had for
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 335,
\
fishing or sailing at any time during the season. On the shores of most
of these lakes are hotels specially fitted up for summer visitors; and
around all the lakes are fine farms, in the homes of which you are
always welcome, and where you can board for the summer, or for a few
days or a few weeks, at nearly nominal rates.
“For those who leave home for a summer of dissipation, of balls and
parties, and late hours and fashion’s show, with all of its accompanying
frivolity and worthlessness, this is not the place to find them ; and, seek
them as you may, you cannot find them here. It is the place, however,
for those who want to enjoy themselves, to rest, to gain health and
strength and relaxation, and to fit themselves for their busy lives at
their homes during the balance of the year.”
The Sparta Mineral Well is one of the attractions of this vicinity,
located near the village of Sparta, Minn.
“Wabash is situated on the Mississippi River, at the foot of Lake
Pepin, nearly opposite the mouth of the Chippewa River.
As a point where the invalid, and the wearied and worn man of busi,
ness, can rest free from the bustle and cares of life, and recuperate their
depleted bodies, no better point can be found.
“To the tourist, the man Öf pleasure, and the sportsman, rare enjoys
ments are presented, and no place in the North-West offers as great a
variety. -
“To the angler it is his Eldorado. Hundreds of spring brooks, tributa-
ries of the Chippewa, O’Buf, and Tombia Rivers, which empty into the
Mississippi near the city of Wabasha, are well stored with that sure
Sporting fish, the speckled trout.
“For larger and more exciting prey, the angler must resort to the Mis-
sissippi, where will be found the black, white, and striped bass, weigh-
ing from four to ten pounds, which congregate in innumerable numbers
at the foot of Lake Pepin, just where the waters of that lake fall into
the river proper, making it the most superb trolling grounds in the world
for this noble fish. Pike and pickerel abound in the Mississippi in large
numbers, and are taken, weighing from five to forty pounds. This excit-
ing sport can be enjoyed by ladies and children, within the city, in perfect
Safety. - -
“For the sportsman who follows his dog, and carries his breech-loader,
his rapacity here can be glutted ; for this is the home of the prairie
chicken, the ruffled and pinnated grouse, the woodcock, the quail, and the
innumerable family of duck and goose tribe, together with that noble
game, the elk, the deer, and the bear; all of which are easy of access by
water or land. The visitors at all times can find guides among the
remnants of the Indians and their relations, to conduct them to the most
certain spots for good sport.
!
336 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
“Ascending the bluffs back of the city, a loveliness and grandeur of
scene is spread out before the eye, stretching far away over Lake Pepin,
the Horicon of the West, and far up the great valley of the Chippewa
River, giving you an isometric view rivalling the far-famed Yo Semite
Valley, which is awaiting the pencil of the artist to give it a world-wide
fame. -
“Frontenac has a national reputation for the beauty of its scenery,
its perfection of the Minnesota climate, the varied interest of its drives,
and its facilities for boating, bathing, trout-fishing, and grouse-shooting.
“Yachts and rowboats of the finest model invite the guests to the
pleasures of aquatic sports. A small steamer makes daily trips to the
various lake ports. The steamboat landing is on the Lake side Hotel
grounds.
“Frontenac is the centre of the finest region in the North-West for both
trout-fishing and grouse-shooting. It is one of the very few places where
these two sports can be had together; and there is no place where they
can be had together in such excellence and with such ease of access to
the Sportsman. A row or sail of half an hour from the hotel, across the
lake, and a pleasant walk of half a mile, introduces the angler to an
inexhaustible aud. Hºver disappointing Gupply of trout in Pine Creek; and
a drive of ten miles will make him acquainted with the three and four
pound trout of Rush River, and with the dark forests, the overhanging
rocks, and the Sparkling Waters of that finest of all the trout streams.
The hotel accommodation is excellent.
“Fond du Lac presents many attractions to the invalid, the sick, and
the afflicted, as well as to the robust and healthy. It is surrounded with
pleasant places of resort. Lake de Neveu, a beautiful sheet of water, is
romantically situated about three miles south-east of the city. East-
ward is Elkhart Lake, already famous for its natural beauties, and west-
ward lies Green Lake, a noted summer resort. On all these lakes are
pleasure-boats propelled by steam, wind, and man power. The waters of
all these lakes furnish a plentiful and various supply of fresh-water
fish, where piscatorially inclined ladies and gentlemen can enjoy ample
amusement in that line. -
“Fond du Lac also claims superiority over other Wisconsin summer
resorts, for the season that within her boundaries she has Magnetic Min-
eral Springs that are claimed to be equal, or even superior, to those of
Northern Michigan. p
“‘Maiden Rock.”— On the eastern shore of Lake Pepin, about
twelve miles from its mouth, there stands a bluff which attracts attention
by its boldness. It is about four hundred and fifty feet in height, the
last hundred of which is a bald, precipitous crag. It is the Maiden’s
Rock of the Dakota, and a thrilling Indian tradition attends its history.
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 337
PLEASU RE FOUTE NO. 3O.
Chicago to Omaha, and the Far West.
GIBBON the historian dwells glowingly on the highway from end to
end of the Roman world; that is, from Glasgow to Jerusalem, a distance
of 3,709 miles. But this stupendous work was only one-twelfth the
length of the present railroad system of the United States, and was not
much longer than the miles of track already laid down in Iowa.
Railroads were in the outset far less perfect, while more complicated
and costly, than they have since become. The law of progress has gov-
erned them, as it indeed governs every thing. Some Western roads have
profited by Eastern experience, and from their beginning have introduced
those modern appliances for reducing the risks of travel to a minimum, and
the comfort to a maximum.
Specimens of such improvements are the Miller Platform and Coupler,
Westinghouse Safety Air Brake (which would have prevented many of
the fearful railway catastrophes which sicken the heart), the Pullman
Sleeping and Dining-room Cars, and Passenger Coaches, running through
from cities widely distant. Travellers from Europe and the far East
wonder at seeing these things beyond the banks of the Mississippi.
The Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad, which extends
from Chicago to several terminal points on the Missouri River, is a good
illustration of a complete highway. This road crosses the Mississippi at
Burlington, on one of the finest iron bridges in the world.
No expense has been spared in its construction. Its length is 2,237
feet, resting on piers of solid masonry 18x155 feet at the bottom, and
9x23 at the top, and rising twelve feet above the highest water-mark
known. From Burlington the road extends westward to Leavenworth,
Atchison, Kansas City, St. Joseph, Plattsmouth, Nebraska City, and
Omaha; at the latter point making direct and close connection with the
“ Union Pacific ’’ for San Francisco and the Territories. The Hotel Car,
most convenient of all modern inducements to travellers, is constantly in
use on this line; also the celebrated Pullman Sleeping-Car, wherein the
traveller can sleep as comfortably while travelling at the rate of thirty
miles an hour as in his own bed at home. It is these adjuncts of travel
that make this the favorite route across the continent, a trip which should
be taken by all who desire to know more of the customs and scenery of
the great and growing West.
Assuming that the travelleris familiar with the route as far as Chicago,
or at least that he knows how to get there, let him on any fine morning
take the 10.15 train on the Chicago, Burlington, and Quincy Railroad,
than which there is no better in the country, en route for San Francisco. For
the first few miles he will be surprised and delighted with the large
number of suburban towns, and the completeness of their construction.
„leo-ºu deels uelulina ºu, paſuanuſ ou « vºu ºu, uo sºussºlg,
'SSE&#dxB LH&IN
------

PopULAR RESORTS, AND How to REACH THEM. 339
The “Illinois Central Railroad” crosses our route at Mendota, which place
we reach after three hours' ride. Here dinner awaits us, the quality and
abundance of which are among the noticeable features; and, what is better
than all, we have a plenty of time in which to discuss it. Again we are
en route; and the train is whirled along an immense prairie region,
through fields of corn, studded with enterprising towns and thriving
farms. At 6, P.M., we reach Galesburg; yet so evenly ballasted is this
road that we have not yet thought of fatigue. Galesburg seems like a
New England town, magically transplanted to a Western State. The
society also is said to be unexceptionable; and few places East or West
exhibit more taste or refinement.
Here a
Hotel Car is
attached to
the train.
The safety,
pleasure, and
comforts of
railroad
travel have
been wonder-
fully im-
proved dur-
ing the last
few years, but
this, one of
the latest,
will unques-
tionably be
pronounced
the best of
the comfort-
PLEASANT WALLEY, seeking in-
Pacific R. R. ventions yet
produced. For the extremely low sum of seventy-five cents the wants
of “the inner man” are supplied, -broiled steak and quail, and cakes
smoking hot, and no cry of “All aboard ' " from the conductor. In a
word, while moving without exertion through the air like a bird of
passage, we eat, drink and sleep, surrounded by the luxuriant ease and
comforts of home; and passengers thus sumptuously regaled are lost to
distance. With the setting sun we find ourselves approaching the
Mississippi, which we cross to Burlington; the next morning we reach
Council Bluffs and at 11, A.M., connect with the Union Pacific Railroad
at Omaha.
º





340 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
PLEASU RE FOUTE NO. 31.
Omaha, and the East to Colorado, Wyoming, Montana,
Idaho, Utah, and the Pacific Coast.
THE UNION AND CENTRAL PACIFIC RAILROADS.
To publish a book on the popular resorts of the United States with-
out allusion to the many points of interest reached by the Union and
Central Pacific Railroads, would, indeed, be a repetition of the old adage
of the play of Hamlet with the character of Hamlet left out. Numer-
ous and beautiful as are the resorts and pleasure routes of the East,
popular and growing as are those of the North-West, and interesting as
are those of the South, the natural attractions of the Far-West eclipse
them all. Here Nature’s works are displayed in her grandest moods.
The mountains of the Atlantic States are but foot-hills to the Sierra
Nevadas, and the grandest features of the East would be lost in the
awful cañons of the West.
DAKOTA. — The Territory of Dakota is being brought into notice by
the recent gold excitement, the Black Hills country especially. The
opening up of the mining interes! Will develop the Scenic beauties of
that region. Yankton is reached over the lines just described. Bismark
is the present terminus of the Northern Pacific Railroad.
The Union Pacific Railroad, receiving Eastern tourists from the several
lines converging at Omaha, extends west towards the Pacific, and, with
the Central Pacific, forms the main artery of travel. Visitors to Colorado
diverge to the left by the Colorado Central Railroad, which leads to one
of the most interesting regions of the United States, and opens up some
of the grandest scenery in America. Colorado is filled with pleasure
resorts, and the facility with which they are reached adds materially to
their popularity. To do justice by description (which cannot be done
without illustrations) would require a volume of itself. -
Denver is the metropolitan centre and business entrepôt of the State.
“The traveller who desires to visit the summer resorts of Colorado
springs, or the pleasant cities of far Southern Colorado, Pueblo, Cañon,
or Trinidad; who wishes to go into the mountains to Black Hawk or
Central, the gold centres ; to Idaho Springs, with her wonderful baths
and beautiful cañons and peaks; to Georgetown or Caribou, the silver
producing districts; to Gray's Peak, Long's Peak, Pike's Peak, or Mount
Lincoln, the watch-towers of the continent ; to the Parks, with their
wealth of mountain scenery, fish, game, mineral springs, and rocky gorges;
to Manitou, with her medicinal waters ; to the marvellous rocks of the
Garden of the Gods, or the disintegrated sandstone sentinels of Monu-
ment ; whatever section it is desired to reach, – Denver stands to it as the
departure point.”
POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM. 341
MONTANA. — If the National Park of the Yellowstone be the
objective point, the tourist will continue on the Union Pacific Railroad to
Corinne, Utah, at present the nearest approach by rail. From Corinne,
the trip is completed partly by stage and by saddle, but should only be
undertaken by persons of strong physical endurance, after special prepa-
ration. -
The region of the Yellowstone, with its stupendous waterfalls, enor-
mous cañons, unrivalled geysers, and its boiling springs, is unquestion-
ably one of the most thrillingly interesting localities on the American
continent, and when better known, with improved transportation facili-
ties, will become the “Mecca’’ for tourists.
It should be understood that a territory about fifty miles square, em-
bracing the head waters of the Yellowstone River, Yellowstone Lake, the
Grand Cañon of the Yellowstone, and the Geyser Basins, was, by Act of
Congress approved March 1, 1872, set apart “for the benefit and enjoy-
ment of the people,” to be known as the “Yellowstone National
Park.” e
It is not proposed to give, in this edition, a detailed description of
this interesting section, save a few extracts, by permission, from the
official reports of F. W. Hayden, United States Geologist, and N. P.
Langford, Superintendent of the Yellowstone National Park.
“The park is at present accessible only by means of saddle and pack
trains. . . . It can be visited any time between the last of April
and the first of November, but it appears to the best advantage during
the months of July, August, and September. . . . Tourists desirous
of reaching it by the most picturesque route will proceed by railroad
to Corinne, Utah, where they can purchase their outfits cheaper and to
better advantage than at any advanced point.” # The Yellowstone
region can also be reached by the Northern Pacific Railroad to Bismark,
Dakota Territory, and continued from there by stage; but tourists famil-
iar with both routes give their preference to the former.
The Geyser Basins, Upper and Lower, prove features of great
interest to the tourist. The Lower Basin is first approached. “The
geysers here, though comparatively small, are very wonderful to the eyes
of the visitor, who first beholds them.” Ten miles farther by an
interesting route is the Upper Basin, in which “there are at least two
thousand hot springs, large and small, . . . and of this number prob-
ably two hundred are geysers. The whole basin is enveloped in steam,
and seen at a distance is like the approach to a cluster of manufactories.”
* The visitor to any point west of Omaha is advised to correspond first with Thomas
I. Kimball, Esq., Omaha, Neb., General Passenger Agent of the Union Pacific Railroad.
The frequent changes in routes, excursion-rates, &c., make it desirable to receive the *
latest information from headquarters.
342 POPULAR RESORTS, AND HOW TO REACH THEM.
The geysers project water with terrific force, and in fabulous quanti-
ties, and in every conceivable form, to heights varying from twenty to
two hundred and fifty feet. These seen in the rays of the midday
sun, or in the -
beams of a |
full moon,
are inexpreº
ibly grand.
It is ſiſteen
miles from
the basin to
Yellowstonel
Lake.” . . .
The lake is
nearly eight|
thousand feet
above the
ocean. It
is twenty-
five miles
in length,
embosomed
amid moun-
tains, gemmed
with green
islands, in
form unique,
and surround-
ed on all sides
by hot springs
in great vari-
ety, number,
and beauty.
Jets of steam
may be seen
issuing from
hot springs,
Trulli lliº isl. - ---
ands, even T. - - Giºr sevses
from the bo- Yellowstone Park, Montana Territory,
som of the lake itself. Some of the loftiest and most inaccessible
mountain-ridges on the continent lift their snow-clad summits in the
immediate vicinity. The scenery is colossal and full of savage grandeur.



PopU LA1: REsolºrs, AN1) How TO REACH THEM. 343
“ Following down the river from the foot of the lake nine miles, we
reach Sulphur Mountain, Mud Geyser, Mud Volcano, and the Blowing
Cacern, all objects of separate interest.”
CRYSTAL FALLS, ON CASCADE CREEK, 129 FEET.
“Ten miles farther are the two great cataracts, and the Giant
Canon of the Yellowstone, perhaps the most stupendous elements

344 PopULAR RESORTS, AND How To REACH THEM.
of scenery in the park. The upper fall is one hundred and fifteen feet
in height. Between the two falls, Cascade Creek flows into the Yellow-
stone from the West. A short distance above its mouth is located the
picturesque Crystal Falls, or cascade, for it is made up of three distinct
falls, the aggregate height of which is one hundred and twenty-nine feet.
The lower fall of the Yellowstone, which plunges directly into the cañon,
is three hundred and fifty feet high, –higher than Bunker Hill Monument,
or the spire of Trinity Church, New York ; and the cañon itself, varying
from one to three thousand feet in depth, is forty miles in length, and for
the Whole distance presents to the eye the most wonderful chasm in the
World. . . . Lieut. Doane, who in 1870 succeeded in reaching the bottom,
at a point where the Walls are nearly three thousand feet in height, in his
official report says, “It was about three o'clock, P. M., and stars could
be distinctly seen, so much of the Sunlight was cut off from entering the
chasm.”
“Evidences of volcanic action are everywhere visible.” There is in
this Yellowstone Range an unlimited field for the artist, the scientist,
and pleasure-seeker. -
Before resuming our tour westward on the line of the Central Pacific
Railway, which we struck at Ogden, the tourist should devote some atten-
tion to Salt Lake City and the valley in which it lies. This valley is
about ninety by fifty miles in extent, and has an elevation of four thou-
sand feet above the sea, and is noted for the remarkable purity of its
atmosphere.
Salt Lake City now numbers about twenty thousand souls ; it covers
an area of twenty-seven square miles, and is surrounded by rugged snow-
capped mountains. The Salt Lake House, Townsend, and Revere are the
principal hotels. The city contains much to interest a stranger, and
should not be ignored by the tourist.
The Warm Springs are only two miles from the city, and will at-
tract attention ; but the Hot Springs are the most interesting. The
water is projected forcibly from an aperture in the rocks, at a tempera-
ture too high to admit of bathing, and sufficient, it is claimed, to cook
eggs. It is highly impregnated with sulphur. - * e
Continuing our trip westward, if the tourist has still a desire to visit
the rush of mighty waters, he should see the Great Shoshone Falls
of Idaho, located about three hundred miles north-west from Great Salt
Lake City, and one hundred and eighty-five miles from Boisé City, and
within six miles of the stage road. The Shoshone River has here cut a
cañon to the depth of one thousand feet, and nearly a half mile in width,
widening to one mile at the falls. A few hundred yards above the falls,
the stream is divided into six channels by five islands standing in the bed
of the river ; uniting again, the current rushes on to the final leap, which
PopUIAR REsorts, AND How To REACH THEM. 345
is made in an unbroken sheet, plunging sheer down to the depth of two
hundred feet, where it is broken into clouds of foam and spray.
CALIForNIA. — The Western tourist who continues his travels to the
Pacific coast should allot sufficient time to study the wonderful features
of this interesting State. Its many resorts should be illustrated to be
appreciated, which it is hoped the next edition of “Popular Resorts *
will supply. Lake Tahoe and Donner Lake are the two principal bodies
of fresh water, and have already attained a great popularity with tourists.
Lake Tahoe, one of the most beautiful sheets of water west of the
Rocky Mountains, lies in two States and five counties, California and
Nevada dividing the honor of its ownership. It is twenty-two miles in
length, and ten in width. Its shores are indented with lovely little bays,
two of which, Emerald and Cornelian Bays, have been for several years
the favorite resort of tourists. The visitor will leave the cars at Truckee
City, at which place he will find three well-conducted hotels, the largest
of which, the Truckee House, is considered the headquarters of tourists.
Daily stages leave for Lake Tahoe and Donner Lake, the first twelve miles
south, and the latter three miles to the north-west. Tahoe City, at the
foot of the lake, contains excellent accommodations : a good hotel, livery
stable, pleasure boats, &c. A steamboat makes daily pleasure trips
about the lake for the entertainment of tourists. .
Donner Lake lies within three miles of Truckee, and, though but Small
compared with the latter, by its romantic surroundings is destined to
become famed as a resort. It is three and a half miles long and one
mile wide. It has been sounded to the depth of two thousand feet, but
no bottom has ever been found. It is supposed to be the filled-up crater
of an extinct volcano. Its waters are intensely cold and clear. On all
sides of it wooded mountains rise abruptly to a considerable height.
Calistoga is one of the most popular of the summer resorts on the
Pacific coast, and is near San Francisco Bay. The medicinal qualities
of its springs annually draw large numbers of visitors, and in the heat
of the summer it is a California Saratoga. The hunting and fishing in
the neighborhood are unsurpassed, while the surrounding scenery is
delightful. It is reached from San Francisco by steamer to Vallejo,
distance twenty-eight miles, at which point the cars are taken Över the
Napa Valley Railroad, forty-three miles more. The hotels are as good
as can be found in the State, and the conveniences all that could be
asked for. Five miles south-east of Calistoga Hot Springs is located
the Petrified Forest, of recent discovery, and great scientific interest.
The petrifaction is perfect, and the place well deserves the attention of,
tourists. Many of the trees are so well preserved that the species of
wood and character of growth are easily determined.
Mount St. Helena, an extinct volcano, having an altitude of 4,343
346 POPULAR RESORTS, AND How TO REACH THEM.
feet, is but ten miles distant from Calistoga, and is attracting a good
share of attention. - - -
The Great Geyser Springs are in Sonoma County, and are impreg-
nated with iron, sulphur, and soda ; and the famed localities are severally
known as the Iron and Sulphur spring, temperature 73° Fah. ; Alum and
Iron incrusted, temperature 97° ; Medicated Geyser Bath, temperature
88°8'; Boiling Alum and Sulphur, temperature 1569; Black Sulphur;
Epsom Salts Spring, temperature 146° ; close by a spring of iron, sul-
phur, and salt, at boiling point, and Boiling Black Sulphur; the Witches’
Caldron, seven feet in diameter, is in continual ebullition, temperature
195° 5' ; near this, Alum Spring, temperature 1769 ; Intermittent Scalding
Spring, projecting water fifteen feet ; Steamboat Geyser, ejecting steam
with a great noise. Scalding Steam Iron Bath, temperature 1839. There
are many other objects of interest in this vicinity.
Yosemite Falls and Big Trees. – This must always form an
object point for the visitor to the Pacific slope. Its description is a
proper theme to close a work on “Popular Resorts.” It is a grand and
fitting after-piece for such an interesting subject. The Yosemite Valley
is situated in Mariposa County, one hundred and forty miles south by
east from San Francisco, though two hundred and fifty by the route of
approach. It is drained by Merced River. This whole region must be
described by superlatives. Its mountains reaching an altitude of 6,450
feet, its stupendous waterfalls to the heights of 600 feet, 700, 940, 2,634,
and 3,300, are beyond comparison, and must be seen to be fully appre-
ciated. Its trees rival the waterfalls, and form one of the most remark–
able wonders of the world. This valley is but forty-eight hours from
San Francisco by the Central Pacific Railroad, and no one should fail to
see it. -
Within the past few months a new and wonderful feature has been
discovered in the Yosemite region. It is in Tuolumne River Canon,
seventeen miles north of the -Yosemite, now so well known. The
Tuolumne River which is much wider than the Merced, runs through this
CañOn.
The Tuolumne Canon, with its connections, has an unbroken length of
forty miles. For twenty miles of this distance it is shut in by vertical
clean-cut walls of granite. Some of these walls are several hundred feet
Higher than the very highest in the Yosemite Valley. The falls of the Merced
Yosemite surpass those of the Tuolumne Canon in unbroken volumes of
descending water, but in endless variety of cascades and water-shoots the
Tuolumne Canon is far superior.
The Big Tree Grove, Calaveras County, known as the “Big Trees
of California,” can be reached with only forty miles staging. The region
is provided with excellent hotel accommodations, with good guides, and
telegraph communications.
IIN ID E X.
Abraham, Mount, Me., 94.
Adams, Mount, 30.
Aiken, S.C., 290.
Alabama and Chattanooga Railroad, 298.
Alabama Central Railroad, 299, 305.
Albany and Susquehanna, R.R., 142, 169.
Albany, N.Y., 194,
Alburgh Springs, Vt., 321.
Alexandria Bay, N.Y., 178, 196.
Allegash, Lake, Me., 95.
Alleghany Mountains, 253, 279.
Alleghany Springs, Va., 302.
Alleghany Station, Va., 279.
Allentown, Penn., 145, 146, 219.
Alpina, Mich., 314.
Altoona, Penn., 251.
Alton, N.H., 39.
Alton Bay, N.H., 41, 70.
Alum and Iron Springs, Cal., 346.
Alum Spring, Cal., 346.
Amicalolah Falls, Ga., 297.
Ammonoosuc Falls, N.H. (cut), 61.
Ammonoosuc River, N.H., 31, 37, 51, 56.
Ancient Mounds, ICy., 312.
Almdroscoggin River, 31, 55, 92.
Annamance (Willoughby Mountain), Vt. , 63.
Appomattox, Va., 301.
Ardmore Station (cut), 249.
Artesian Letitia Springs, N.Y., 195.
Artist’s Falls, N.H. , 72.
Ashland, N.H., 45.
Ashland, N.Y., 138.
Ashley, Penn., 161.
Ashley Lake, Mass., 123.
Ashley JRiver, S.C., 291.
Ashville, N.C., 295.
Atlanta, Ga., 298.
Atlantic City, N.J., 230.
Atlantic Coast Iline, 289.
Atlantic and Great Western R.R. , 209, 210.
Atlantic and Gulf Railroad, 292.
Augusta Stribling Springs, Va. , 275.
Au Sable Chasm, N.Y., 178.
Au Sable Forks, N.Y., 179
Au Sable Lake (lower), N.Y., 179.
Au Sable Iake (upper), N.Y., 179.
Au Sable River, N.Y., 179.
Avalanche Lake, N.Y., 180.
Avon Springs, N.Y., 208.
Aztalan, Wis., 321.
Bailey’s Springs, Ala., 306.
Baker’s Inn, N.Y., 180.
Bald Head Cliff, Me., 70.
Bald Knob, Va., 303.
Bald Mount, N.C., 297.
Ballston, N.Y., 195
Baltimore, Md., 256.
Baltimore and Potomac Railroad, 255.
Baltimore Steam Packet Company (Old
Bay Line), 241.
Baraboo River, Wis., 333.
Barden House, Me, 94.
Bar Harbor, Me., 78.
Bass Lake, Mich., 316.
Bastion, N.Y., 140.
Bath Alum Springs, Va., 277.
Battle House, Ala , 299.
Bay City, Mich., 314.
Bay of St. Louis, Miss., 299.
Bay View, N.H., 39.
Bear Cliff Falls, N H., 207.
Bear Mount, Vt., 64. -
Bear's Den, N.Y., 139.
Beaumont Hotel, Wis., 330.
Peaverkill, N.Y., 138.
Bedford Alum Springs, Va. , 301,
Bedford Springs. Penn., 254.
Beech Lake, N.Y., 182.
Beecher’s Falls, N.H. , 90.
Beersheba Springs, Ala., 306.
Belknap Mountain, 41.
Bellows Falls, Vt., 119, 122.
Belmont Glen, Penn., 214.
Belmont, N.H., 39. -
Relvidere IRailroad, Penn., 145.
Berkshire Hills, Mass., 123.
Berlin Falls, N.H., 93.
Berry Pond, Mass., 123.
Berwick, Me., 70.
Bethel, Me., 92.
Betlilehem, Penn., 146.
Bethlehem, N.H., 53, 56.
Betsey Lake, Mich., 316.
Beyond Chicago, 318.
Big Bone Cave, Tenn., 305.
Big Bull Falls, Wis., 221.
Big Indian, N.Y., 138.
Big Moose Lake, N.Y., 182.
Big Tree Grove, Cal., 346.
Biloxi, Miss., 299.
Binghamton, N.Y., 207.
Birdsboro’, Penn., 218, 237.
Birmingham Station, Ala., 313.
Bismark, Dakota, 340.
Blackberry Mount, Cam., 65.
Black Chasm. I’alls, N.Y., 140.
Black Head, N.Y., 141.
Black Hills, Dalkota Ter., 340.
|Black Mount, N.C., 295.
Black River IRapids, N.Y., 196.
JBlack, Rock, N.Y., 209.
l}lack Sulphur Spring, Cal., 346.
Black Sulphur Springs, Tenn., 305.
Blood’s Inn, N.Y., 180
Bloomsburg, Penn , 229.
Blout’s Springs, Ala., 306.
Blowing Cavern, Mon., 343.
Blue Lick Springs, Ry., 309.
Blue Mounds, Wis., 321, 333.
Blue Mountain Lake, N.Y., 182.
Blue Mount, Me, 94
Blue Mount, N.Y., 180.
Blue Ridge Mountain, Va., 274.
Blue Springs, Ala., 313.
Boardman River, Mich., 316.
Boar’s Head, N.H., 66,
347
348 INDEX.
Boiling Alum and Sulphur, Cal., 346.
Boiling Black Sulphur Spring, Cal., 346.
Bolton Falls, Vt., 120. "
Bolton Springs, Vt. , 64.
Bomaseen Lake, Vt., 125.
Bon Aqua Springs, Tenn., 305.
Bonsack’s Station, Va., 302.
Boston, Mass., 25, 33.
Boston and Albany Railroad, 119.
Boston and Maine Railroad, 73.
Boston and Providence Railroad,126.
Boston, Lowell, and Nashua Railroad (cut
34), 119. -
biº. Green, Ky., 310.
Brandywine Springs, Penn., 237.
Brantingham Lake, N.Y., 196.
Bread-Loaf Inn, Vt., 125.
Bread-Loaf Mount, Vt., 125.
Bridal Veil Falls, Minn., 334.
Bridgeport, Conn., 130.
Bridgeport, Penn., 259.
Bridgton, Me., 84.
Bristol, Va., 304.
Brookside, Penn. (cut), 223.
Bryant’s Pond Station, Me., 92.
Bryn Mawr, Penn. (cut), 245.
Buffalo, N.Y., 209
Burkeville, Va., 301.
Buttermilk Falls, N.Y., 194, 201.
Buttes des Mortes Lake, Wis., 328.
Buzzard’s Bay, Mass., 109.
Caesar’s Head Mountain, N.C., 296.
Cairo and Fulton Railroad, 308.
Calaveras Big Tree Grove, Çal., 346,
Caledonia, Wis., 332.
Calhoun Lake, Minn., 334.
California, 24, 345.
Calistoga Hot Springs,. Cal., 345.
Camden, Me., 79.
Camden, S.C., 290.
Camden and Atlantic Railroad, 230.
Camel’s Hump Mount, Vt., 120.
Camp Stove, 17.
Campton, N.H., 49.
Canada, 64
Canandaigua, N.Y., 267.
Canandaigua Lake, N.Y., 202.
Camaseraga Creek Falls, N.Y., 198.
Cañon, Col. 340.
Caion River, Cal., 346.
Canterbury, N.H., 39.
Cape Arundel, Me., 66, 73.
Cape Cod, Mass., 101.
Cape Fear River, N.C., 290.
Cape May, N.J., 232.
Cape Vincent, N.Y., 197.
Caribou, Col., 340.
Carter Mount, N. H., 93.
Carter’s Falls, Vt., 125.
Carver's Cave, Minn., 334.
Cascade Bridge, N.Y., 206.
Cascade Creek, Mon., 343.
Casco Bay, Me., 76.
Castine, Me., 78.
. Castle. Pinckney, S.C , 291.
Catawissa Creek, Penn., 226.
Catawissa, Penn. (cut), 228.
Catawissa Railroad, Penn., 157, 225.
Catoosa, Springs, Ga., 298.
Catskill Mountains, N.Y., 136.
Caucomgomosis Lake, Me., 95.
Caucom gomuc Lake, Me., 95.
Caughnawaga, Can., 65.
Causilor’s Springs, N.C., 289.
Cauterskill Clove, N.Y., 140.
Cauterskill Falls, N.Y., 140.
Cauterskill Takes, N.Y., 140.
Cauterskill Station, N.Y., 139.
Cave (Big Bone), Tenn., 305.
Cave City, Ky., 309.
Cave, fiamond, Ky., 312.
Cave Hotel, Ky., 309.
Cave House, Howe’s Cave (cut), 172.
Cave, Indian, Ky., 312. -
Cave, Mammoth, Ky., 309.
Cave, White's, Ky., 312.
Cayuga Lake, N.Y., 200.
Cazenovia, Canastota, and De Ruyter Rail-
road, 198. -
Cazenovia Lake, N.Y., 198.
Cedar Lake, Mich., 316.
Cedar Lake, Minn., 334.
Centre Harbor, N.H., 41, 70.
Central Pacific Railroad, 340. i
Central Railroad of New Jersey, 142, 182,
225.
Central Vermont Railroad, 119, 196.
Chalybeate Spring, Tenn., 305.
Chalybeate Springs, Ga., 298.
Champlain, Lake, 178
Champlain Springs, Vt., 121.
Chandler Spring, Ala., 299.
Charleston, S.C., 291.
Charleston, West Va. (cut), 287.
Charlevoix, Mich., 316.
Charlottesville, Va., 274.
Charlottetown, P.E.I., 96.
Xhatham Four Corners, N.Y., 119.
Chattanooga, Tenn., 306.
Chautauqua Lake, N.Y., 210.
Chelsea, Mass., 66.
Chelsea Beach, Mass., 66.
Cherokee Springs, Ga. , 298.
Cherry Valley Branch Railroad, 171.
Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad, 272.
Chesapeake Bay, 238.
Cheshire Railroad, 119.
Chesuncook Lake, Me., 95.
Chicago, 314, 317, 332.
Chicago and North-Western Railroad, 320.
Chicago and St. Paul Line, 332.
Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Rail-
road, 332.
Chickahominy Earthworks, Va. (cut), 270.
Chippewa Falls, Wis., 321.
Chippewa River, Minn., 335.
Chimneys, N.C., 296.
Chilhowee Springs, Va., 204.
Christiansburgh, Va., 303.
Chittenango, N.Y., 198.
Chocorua, Mt., N.H., 30, 71, 84.
Cincinnati, Cumberland Gap, and Charles-
ton Railroad, 305.
City Hotel, La., 300.
City of Iłocks, Tenn., 306.
Clam Lake, Mich., 316.
Clarendon Splings, Vt., 124.
Clarksville, Ga., 297.
Clay, Mount, N.H., 30.
Clear Lake, Minn., 334.
Cleveland Springs, N.C., 289.
Cleveland, O., 314.
Clifford House, Mass., 99.
Clinton, Mt., N.H., 30, 91.
Cloud Point, Penn. (cut), 160.
Coal Breaker (cut), 156.
Coal Transport (cut), 230.
Coatesville Bridge, Penn. (cut), 242.
INDEX.
349
Cobles Kill Junction, N.Y., 171.
Cohasset, Mass., 99.
Cohasset, Narrows, Mass., 102.
Colden Lake, N.Y., 180.
Colden Mt., N.Y., 180.
Colebrook, N.H., 56.
Colorado, 24, 340.
Colorado Springs, 340.
Columbia, S.C., 290.
Columbia Bridge (cut), 214.
Columbia Hotel, N.J., 232.
Columbia Hotcl., S.C., 290.
Como Lake, Minn., 334.
Concord, N.H., 37.
Concord Railroad, 33, 119.
Congaree Falls, S.C., 290.
Congress Hall, N.J., 232.
Conneaut Lake, Penn., 210.
Connecticut Lake, N. H., 56, 93,
Connecticut River, 37, 55.
Conway, N.H., 41, 70, 84.
Conway Branch Railroad, 70.
Cooper House, N.Y., 170, 207.
Cooper River, S C., 291.
Cooperstown, N.Y., 169.
Cove Hill, N.Y., 180.
Covington, Ky., .308.
Cornelian Bay, Cal., 345.
Corning, N.Y., 207.
Cotuit Port, Mass., 101.
Covington, Va., 279.
Cow-Pasture River, Va., 277.
Coyner’s Spring, Va., 302.
Crawford House, Boston, 118.
Crawford House, N.H., 61, 72, 90.
Cresson, Penn., 253.
Cristfield, Del. (cut), 235.
Crystal Cascade, N. H., 72, 93.
. Crystal Falls, Mon., 343,
Crystal Lake, Minn., 334.
Crystal Lake, Wis , 332.
Croton Lake, N.Y., 193.
Croton Point, N.Y., 135, 193.
Crooked Lake, Mich., 316.
Crooked, or ICeuka Lake, N.Y., 2.)2.
Crosby Mt., N.H., 119.
Crosby Side, N.Y., 178.
Crowders Mt., N.C., 296.
Crown Point, N.Y., 178.
Cumberland Gap, Tenn., 304.
Cumberland Valley Railroad, 254.
Cumberland Mt., Tenn., 304.
Dakota Ter., 340.
Dalles of the St. Croix, 321.
Dalles of the St. Louis, 321.
Dalton, N.H., 53. -
I)annariscotta Lake, Me., 95.
Danville, Penn., 229.
Dartford, Wis., 326.
Day Boats º udson River), 136.
Decatur, Ala., 306.
Delaware and Hudson Railroad, 163, 207.
JDelaware Bay, N.J., 234.
Delaware, Lackawanna, and Western Rail-
road, 145, 186, 207. -
Delaware Water Gap, Penn., 145.
Denver, Col., 340.
Detroit, Mich., 314.
Devil’s Lake, Wis., 321, 322, 333.
Devil’s Owen, N.Y., 208.
Diamond Cave, Ky., 312.
Diamond Lake, Mich., 316.
Dowdy Creek, Va., 284.
Duluth, Wis., 332.
Dial Mt., N.Y., 180.
Diana's Baths, N.H., 72 (cut 87).
Dismal Pool, N.H., 89.
Dix’s Peak, N.Y., 180.
Dixville Notch, N.H., 55, 93.
Donner Lake, Cal., 345.
Dover, N H., 53.
Drennon Black Sulphur Springs, Ky., 309.
Dunkirk, N.Y., 209.
Dunmore Lake, Vt., 125.
Dutchman’s Run, Penn. (cut), 261.
I)uxbury. Mass., 99.
Hagle Hotel, N.H., 57.
Eagle Lake, N.Y., 182.
Eastatia Falls, Ga. , 297.
IEastern Provinces, 96.
Eastern Railroad, 66.
Easton, Penn., 145.
East Pennsylvania Railroad, Penn., 219.
East Tennessee and Virginia Railroad, 305.
Echo Lake, N.H., 49.72.
Edgartown, Mass., 117.
Eggleston Springs, Va., 303.
Elephantis Mt., Canada, 64.
Elizabeth, Ky., 309.
Elkhart Lake, 336.
Elk Lake, Mich., 316.
Elkmont Springs, Tenn., 313.
Elk River, Mich., 316.
Elkton, Del... 239.
Elliott’s Knob, Va., 276
Llmira, N.Y., 207,262.
Emerald Bay, Cal., 345.
Empire Falls, N.Y., 263.
Enfield Glen Falls, N.Y., 201.
|Enterprise, Ga., 293,
Ephrata Springs, Penn., 219.
Epsom Salt Spring, Cal., 346.
Equinox House Vt., 124.
Equinox Mt., Vt., 124.
Erie Railway, 136, 204, 262.
Escanaba, Wis., 330.
Esopus Valley, N.Y., 140.
European and North American R’way, 96.
Eutaw Springs, S C., 290.
Fabyan House, 33, 53 (cut 60), 90, 91.
Fairhaven, Mass., 109.
Fairmount L’ark, Penn , 214, 246.
Fairy Springs, N.Y., 139.
Falling Spring Falls, Va., 278.
Fall River, Mass., 33.
Falmouth Heights, Mass., 101.
Falmouth House, Me. (cut), 75.
Falls : —
Alhambra, N.Y., 195.
Amicalolah, Ga., 297.
Amoskeag, N.H., 37.
Artist's, N.H., 72.
Bastion. N.Y., 140.
Bear Cliff, N.Y., 207.
Beecher’s, N.H., 90.
Bellows, Vt. 119, 122.
Berlin, N.H., 93.
Big Bull, 321.
Black Chasm, N.Y., 140.
Black River, Mass., 122.
Black River (Rapids), N.Y., 196.
|Bolton, Vt., 120,
Bridal Veil, Minn., 334.
Buttermilk, N.Y., 194.
Canaseraga Creek, N.Y., 198.
Carter’s, Vt., 125.
Cauterskill, N.Y., 140.
Chippewa, Wis., 321.
350 INDEX.
Palls continued: —
Clyde River, Vt., 64.
Congaree, S.C., 290.
Crystal Cascade, N.H., 72, 93.
Crystal, Moll. (cut), 343.
Bastatia, Ga., 297.
Blk, Mich., 316.
Empire, N.Y., 263.
Enfield Glen, N.Y., 201.
Falling Spring Falls, Va., 278.
Falls of the Yellowstone (upper), Mon.,
344.
Falls of the Yellowstone (lower), Mon.,
Fawn’s Leap Falls, Minn., 334.
Fawn’s Leap Falls, N.Y., 140.
Flume Falls, N.Y., 201.
Foaming Falls, N.Y., 201.
Forrest Falls, N.Y., 201.
Ganoga Falls, Penn., 186.
Genesee Falls, N.Y., 202.
Gibbs Falls, N.H., 91.
Glen Ellis Falls, N.H., 72, 93.
Goodrich Falls, N.H., 72.
Grandfather Bull Falls, 321.
Great Falls of the Catawba, N.C., 296.
Great Shoshone Falls, Idaho, 344. .
Hain’s, N.Y., 140.
Hector, N.Y. (cut), 265.
High, N.Y.. 195, 205.
Hooksett, N.H., 36.
Horse Shoe, N.Y., 208.
Ithaca, N.Y., 201.
Jones, Md., 257.
Rauterskill, N.Y., 137.
Jawrence, Mass., 37.
Linnville, N.C., 295.
Little Stony, Va., 303.
Lowell, Mass., 37.
Lyons, N.Y., 196.
Middle, N.Y., 208.
Milldam, N.Y., 193
Minnehaha, Minn., 334.
Nayaug, Penn. (cut), 165.
Niagara, N.Y., 203, 267
Ossipee, N.H., 71.
Passaic, N.J., 204.
Portage, N.Y., 208.
Pulpit, N.Y., 201.
Puncheon Run, Va., 302.
Rainbow, N.Y. (cut), 264.
Ramapo, N.Y., 204.
Richmond, Va. (cut), 283.
Rocky, N.Y., 201.
Rocky Heart, N.Y., 195.
Rumford, Me., 92.
Sawkill, N.Y., 206.
Shawanagan, Can., 65.
Sherman, N.Y., 195.
Slicking, N.C., 297.
St. Anthony, Minn., 24, 334.
Steep, Me., 82.
Sugar, N.Y., 196.
Tallulah, Ga., 297.
Taughannock, N.Y., 201.
Thompson’s, N.H., 72.
Toccoa, Ga., 297.
Towalaga, Ga., 297.
Trenton, N, Y., 195.
Triphammer, N.Y., 201.
White Water Cataracts, N.C., 297.
Yo Semite, Cal., 346.
Falls of St. Anthony, Minn., 24.
Falls Village Bridge, Penn. (cut), 212.
Ealls Village, Penn., 216.
Farmington, Mo., 94.
Farmville, Va., 301.
Fawn’s Leap Falls, Minn., 334
Fawn’s Leap Falls, N.Y., 140.
Fernandina, Fla., 293.
IFife Lake, Micly., 316.
Eirst National Hotel, Wis., 330.
Fisher’s View, Va., 302.
Fishkill. N.Y., 194.
Fitchburg Railroad, 119, 121.
Flint and Père Marquette Railroad, 314.
Florida, 24, 292.
Flume (Dixville Notch), N.H., 55.
Flume (Franconia, Mountains), N.H., 49.
Flume Falls, N.Y., 201.
Foaming Falls, N.Y., 201.
Fond du Lac, Wis., 332, 336.
Forest House, Wis., 326.
Forrest Falls, NY, 201.
Fort Holmes, Mich., 316.
Fortification Rock, Wis., 322.
Bort Lee, N.Y., 135.
Fort Mackinaw, Mich., 316.
Fort Moultrie, S.C., 291. t
Fortress Monroe, Va., 239.
Fort Point, Me., 79.
|Fort Pownal, Me., 79.
FOrt; Pulaski, Ga., 262.
Fort Ripley, S.C., 291.
Fort Snelling. Minn., 334.
Fort Trumbull Conn., 130.
Fort Tryon, N.Y., 135.
Fort Washington NY, 135.
Fort William Henry Hotel, N.Y., 177.
Fountain Cave, Minn., 334.
Fox River, Wis., 328.
Franconia Mountains, N.H., 35, 49, 50.
Franconia. Notclu. N. H. 48.
I'rankinstein Cliff, N.H., 88.
Franklin Mt., N.H., 30, 32.
Franklin, Penn., 210.
Fredericton, New Brunswick, 96.
Frontenac, Minn., 336
Frost’s Point, N.H., 69.
Fryeburg, Me., 84.
Fulton Lake, N.Y., 182.
Gainesville, Ga., 298.
Ganoga Falls, Penn. 186.
Garden of the Atlantic Coast, Del., 233.
Garden of the Gods, Col., 340. e
Gas Spring, N.Y., 210.
Genesee Canal, N.Y., 208.
Genesee Falls, N.Y., 202.
Geneva Ilake, Wis., 322.
Georgia Railway, 298.
Georgetown, Col., 340.
Gettysburg, Penn., 250, 257.
Geyser Basins, Mon., 341.
Giant Cañon of the Yellowstone, Mon., 343.
Giant Geyser, Mon., 341.
Gibbs Falls, N.H., 91.
Gibraltar Mount, Penn., 218.
Gilmanton, N.H., 39.
Ginger Cake Rock, N.C., 296.
Glade Spring Station, Va., 304.
Glen Ellis Falls, N.H., 72, 93.
Glen Excelsior, N.Y., 263.
Glen Flora Mineral Springs, Wis., 322.
Glen House, N.H., 72, 87, 93.
Glen Mountain House, N.Y. (cut 166).
Glen Onoko, Penn., 154. w
Gloucester, Mass., 66, 67.
Glen Station, N.H., 87.
INIDEX.
351
Glen Thomas, Penn. (cut), 161.
Godbald’s Mineral Wells, Miss., 307.
Goodrich Falls, N.H., 72.
Gordonsville, Va., 274.
Gorham, N.H., 92.
Goshen, N.Y., 205.
Grand Central Depot, N.Y. (cut), 129, 193,
197.
Grandfather Bull Falls, Wis , 321.
Grand Rapids and Indiana Railroad, 315.
Grand Traverse Bay, Mich., 316.
Grand Traverse Region, Mich., 315.
Grand Trunk Railway, 92, 119.
Grass Lake, Mich., 317.
Grass River, Mich., 317.
Gray’s Peak, Col., 340.
Great Falls of the Catawba, N.C., 296.
Great Falls, N.H., 70.
Great Geyser Springs, Cal., 346.
Great Sloshone Falls, Idaho, 344. -
Great Southern Mail Route, 289.
Green Bay, Wis., 330.
Greenbrier River, Va., 281 (cut 282, Kan-
awha).
Greenbrier White Sulphur Springs, Va.
(cut), 280.
Green Cove Springs, Fla., 292.
Green Lake, Mimi., 336.
Green Lake, Wis., 326.
Green Lakes, N.Y., 198.
Green Mountains, Vt., 171.
Green Ridge, Penn., 163.
Greensboro’, N.C., 294.
Green Springs, Fla., 293.
Greenville, N.C., 296.
Greenwood Lake, N.Y., 204.
Greenwood Springs, Miss., 307.
Gretna, La., 300.
Greylock Mt., Mass., 121, 124.
Griffith's Knob, Va., 277.
Gulf Shell Road, Ala., 299.
Hain’s Falls, N.Y., 140.
Halifax, E.P., 96.
Hamilton and Dayton Railroad, 315.
Hampton Junction, N.J., 145.
Hampton, N.H., 66, 68.
Hampton, Va., 239.
Hancock, Mich., 331.
Hauging Rock, N.C., 296.
IHannah’s Hill, N.Y., 170.
Hanover Junction, Penn., 257.
Hanover, Wis., 332.
Harbor and Coastwise Excursions, 21.
Harlem Railroad, 119.
Harriet Lake, Minn., 334.
Harrisburg, Penn., 145, 251 (cut 259).
JHarrison, Me., 82.
Harrodsburg Springs, Ky., 308.
Hart’s Ledges, N i. 72.
Harvard, Wis., 332.
Harvey’s Lake, Penn., 182.
Harwick Lake, N.Y., 207.
FIavana Glen, N.Y., 263.
Haverhill, Mass., 41.
Haverhill, N.H., 51.
Haverstraw, N.Y., 135.
Havre de Grace, Md., 238.
Hawk’s Bill, N.C., 296.
Hawk’s Nest Mount, Va., 271.
Hawley, Penn., 166, 206.
Haystack Mount, Vt., 125.
Healing Spring, S.C., 290.
Healing Springs, Va., 277, 279.
Hensonville, N.Y., 138.
Herdic House, Penn., 260.
Hermitage, Tenn., 313.
Herndon, Penn. (cut), 224.
Hewitt Lake, Mich , 316.
Hickory Nut Gap, N.C., 295.
High Falls, N.Y., 205.
Highgate Springs, Vt., 121.
Highland Lake, Penn., 17, 186.
High Peak, N.Y., 141.
trillsboro’, N.C., 294.
Hingham, Mass., 98.
Hints to Tourists, 23.
Holston Springs, Va., 304.
Hooksett Mount, 35.
HOOSac Mount, Mass., 123.
HOOsac Tunnel, Mass., 123.
Horicon Lake, Wis., 322.
Hor Mount, Vt., 63.
Horse Shoe Falls, N.Y., 208.
Hot Springs, Ark., 307.
Hot Springs, Utah, 344.
Hot Springs, Va., 277, 279.
Houghton, Mich., 331.
Howard's Creek, Va., 281.
Howe's Cave, N.Y., 171.
Hudson Highlands, N.Y., 194.
Hudson Railroad, 119.
Hudson liver, 134, 179.
E[unter, N.Y., 137, 140.
Hunter’s Mount, N.Y., 140.
Hulnter’s Glen, N.Y., 140.
Huntington, W. Va. (cut 288).
Huntsville, Ala., 306.
Huron Islands, Lake Superior, 332.
Hyannis, Mass., 100.
Hygeia Hotel, Va., 240.
idaho Springs, Dakota Ter., 340.
Indian Cave, Ky., 312.
Indian Rock, Ky., 3 2.
Indian Springs, Ga., 298.
Inside Line, 21.
Intermediate Lake, Mich., 316.
Intermittent Scalding Spring, Cal., 346
International and Great Northern ſº. R.,
International Bridge, N.Y., 209.
Iowa, 23.
Iron and Sulphur Springs, Cal., 346.
Irvington, N.Y., 193.
Irvington Park, Wis., 332.
Isle Royal, Lake Superior, 331.
Isles of Shoals, N.H., 66, 69.
Ithaca, N.Y., 207. g
Ithaca Falls, N.Y., 201.
Iuka, Ala., 306.
Jackson’s River, Va., 278.
Jacksonville, Fla., 292.
James River, Va., 270, 278.
Jamestown, N.Y., 210.
Jay Peak, Vt., 64.
Jefferson Mount, Penn., 152.
Jefferson, N.H., 55.
Jerry’s Run, Va., 299.
Johnson's Wells, Ala., 306.
Jones Falls, Md., 257.
Jones Lake, Penn. (cut), 167.
Juniata River, 251.
Kalkaska, Mich., 316.
Ratahdin Mount, M.C., 95.
Ratama Bay, Mass., 108.
Kauterskill Falls, N.Y., 137.
Rearsarge, N. H., 119.
Keeseville, N.Y., 179.
Kennebec River, Me., 27.
Kentucky Central Railway, 309.
'808.
352 . - INDEX.
Kewenaw Point, Mich., 331.
Kiarsarge (Pequawket), N.H., (cut 86), 119.
Killington Peak, Vt., 124.
Kimball House, Atlanta, Ga., 299.
Kineo Mount, Me., 95.
King’s Mount, N.C., 296.
Kingston, N.Y., 137, 205.
Kingston, R.I., 128.
Kitchen Creek, Penn., 186.
Kittery, Me., 66, 70.
Knoxville and Charleston Railroad, 305.
IXnoxville, Tenn., 305.
Roshonong Lake, Wis., 322.
Lachine Rapids, Cam., 65.
Hackawanna and Bloomsburg Railroad,
Penn., 163, 164, 186, 229.
Lackawanna Valley House, Penn., 164.
Lackawaxen, Penn., 206.
Lack's Springs, N.C., 289.
Laconia, N.H., 39 (cut 40).
Lady of the Lake, steamer (cut), 44.
Hafayette Mountain, N.H., 32, 49.
Lake [Dells, Wis., 323.
Lake de Neveu, Minn., 336.
Lake George, Fla., 292.
Lake George, N.Y., 177.
Lake Michigan, 316.
Lake of the Isles, Minn., 334.
Lake Pontcl.artrain, La., 299.
Lake Shore and Michigan Southern Rail-
road, 210.
Iake Talhoe, Cal , 345.
Lake Village, N.H., 41.
Lake Zurich Honse, Wis., 323.
Dakes : —
Allegash, Me., 95.
Ashley, Mass., 123.
Bass, Mich., 316.
Peech, N.Y., 182.
Berry (Pond), Mass., 123.
Betsey, Mich., 316.
Big Moose, N.Y., 182.
Blue Mountain, N.Y., 182.
Bomaseen, Vt., 125.
Buttes des Mortes, Wis., 328.
Calhoun, Minn, 334.
Canandaigua, N.Y., 202.
Caucomgomosis, Me., 95.
Caucomgomuc, Me., 95.
Cauterskill, N.Y., 139.
Cayuga, N.Y., 200.
Cazenovia, N Y., 198.
Cedar Lake, Minn., 316, 334.
Champlain, 178.
Chautauqua, N.Y., 210.
Xhes uncook, Me., 95.
Clam, Mich., 316.
Colden, N.Y., 180.
Conno, Minn., 334.
Conneaut, Penn., 210.
Connecticut, N. H. , 56, 93.
Contoocoolc, N.H., 122.
Crooked, or IKeuka, N.Y., 202.
Crooked, Mich , 316.
Croton, N.Y., 193.
Crystal, Minn., 334.
Dalmariscotta, Me., 95.
Delaware, N J., 234.
De Neveu, Minn., 336.
Devil’s, Wis., 322.
Diamond, Mich., 316.
Donner, Cal., 345.
Dunmore, Vt., 125.
Eagle, N.Y., 182.
Echo Lake, N.H., 49.
Elkhart, Minn., 336.
Fife, Mich., 316.
Fulton, N.Y., 182.
Geneva, N.Y., 322.
George, Fla., 293.
George, N.Y., 177,
Grass, Mich, 317.
Green, Minn., 336.
Green, N.Y., 198.
Greenwood, N.Y., 205.
Harriet, Minn., 334.
Hartwick, N.Y., 207.
Harvey, N.Y., 182.
Hewitt, Mich., 316.
Highland, Penn., 186.
Horicon, Wis., 322.
Intermediate, Mich., 316.
Jones, Penn. (cut), 167.
Koshkonong, Wis, 322.
Lake of the Isles, Minn., 334.
Lawson’s, N.Y., 174.
Little Tupper, N.Y., 181.
Long, Mich., 316.
Long, N.Y., 181.
Long (Pond), N.H., 35, 45.
Macopin, N.Y., 205.
Mahopac, N.Y., 193.
Melville, Mass., 123.
Memphremagog, Vt., 51, 64
Michigan, 322.
Minnetonka, Minn., 334.
Mohonk, N.Y., 205.
Moosehead, Me, 73, 95
Newfound, N.H., 119.
North Branch, N.Y., 182.
Old Man’s Wash-Bowl, N H., 49.
Oneida, N.Y., 198.
Onondaga, N.Y., 200.
Onota, Mass., 123.
Ossipee Lake, N.H., 71.
Otisco, N.Y., 200.
Otsego, N.Y., 170, 207.
Owasco, N.Y., 200.
Paradox Pond, N.Y., 181.
Pepin, Minn., 333.
Pepin, Wis., 321.
Pewaukee, Wis., 329.
Pinnacle Lake, Can., 65.
Placid, N.Y., 181.
Pontchartrain, La , 299.
Pontoosuc, Mass., 123.
Rangeley, Me., 73, 94.
Raquette, N.Y., 181.
Rockland, N.Y., 193.
Round, Mich., 316.
Round, N.Y., 181.
Rose, Mich., 316.
Sall-cha-can-tack-et, Mass., 118.
Saranac (upper), N.Y., 181.
Saranac (lower), N.Y., 180.
Schroon, N.Y., 181.
Schuyler's, N.Y., 170.
Sebago, Me., 80.
Seclusion, Tenn., 206.
Seminary, N.Y., 207.
Seneca, N.Y., 201.
Silver, Mass., 123.
Skaneateles, N.Y., 200.
Sodom, N.Y., 198.
Squam, N.H., 45.
St. Catherine, Vt., 125.
Superior, 331.
Sylvan, Mass., 123.
INDEX. - 353
Lakes, continued : —
Tahoe, Cal, 345.
Thunder, Mich., 314.
Torch, Mich., 316.
Traverse, Mich., 316.
Tupper (Big), N.Y., 181.
Twin Lakes, Minn., 334.
Umbagog, Me., 72.
Utowana, N.Y., 182.
Wachusett, Mass., 121.
Waukawan, N H., 35.
Wawayandah, N.Y., 205.
White Bear, Minn., 334.
Willoughby, Vt., 63.
Winnebago, Wis., 322.
Winnepesaukee, N.H., 35.
Winnesquam, N.H., 35.
Zurich, Wis., 322.
Lancaster House, N.H. (cut), 53.
Lancaster, N.H. (cut), 54.
Lancaster, Penn., 219.
Lauderdale Springs, Miss., 307.
Lawrence, Mass, 33, 37, 43. -
Lawson's Lake, N.Y., 174.
Leather-Stocking Cave, N.Y., 170.
Lebanon Springs, Mass., 124.
Lebanon Valley Railroad, 219.
Lehigh and Susquehanna Railroad, 142.
Lehigh Valley (cuts), 144, 157.
Lehigh Valley Railroad, 142, 262.
Levana Springs, N.Y., 201.
Lewis Mineral Spring, N.C., 289.
Lexington, N.Y., 137.
Lexington, Va., 276, 302.
Liberty, Va., 302.
iſimºvie Fails, N.C., 295.
Lisbon, N.H., 51.
Little Boar’s Head, N.H., 66, 68.
Little Falls, N.Y., 195.
Little Schuylkill River, Penn., 219.
Little Stony Falls, Va., 303.
Littleton, N.H., 49, 51 (cut 52).
Little Traverse, Mich., 316.
Littonian Springs, IXy., 308.
Litz Spring, Penn., 219.
Livermore Falls, N.H. (cut), 48.
Lock Haven, Penn., 229.
Ilockport, N.Y., 203.
Logan House. Penn. (cut), 252.
Long Branch, N.J., 182,231.
Long Island Sound, 131.
Long Lake, Mich., 316.
Long Lake, N.Y., 181.
Long’s Peak, Col., 340.
Long Pond, Me., 82.
Lookout Mt., Tenn., 298, 305.
K.Oretto, Penn., 254.
Louisville and Great Southern Route, 308.
Louisville, Cincinnati, and Lexington Rail-
road, 309.
Louisville, Ky., 308.
Lowell Island, Mass., 66.
Lowell, Mass., 37.
Lower Saranac Lake, N.Y., 180.
Lynchburg, Va., 301
Lyons Falls, N.Y., 196.
Mackinaw, Mich., 24, 314, 316.
Macon and Western Railway, 298.
Macopin Lake, N.Y., 205.
Madison, Wis., 332.
Madison Springs, Ga., 298.
Magnetic Spring, Mich., 314.
Magnetic Spring, Minn., 336.
Magog, Can., 64.
Mahanoy Plane, Penn. (cut), 222.
Mahopac Lake, N.Y., 193.
Maiden Rock, Minn., 336.
Maine Central Railroad, 73, 94.
Mainville Water Gap, Penn. (cut), 227.
Manatawny Creek, Penn., 218.
Manchester, N.H., 33, 37.
Manchester, Vt., 124.
Manitou Island. Lake Superior, 332.
Manitou Springs, Col. 340.
Mansfield Mt. Vt., 120.
Mansion House, Mauch Chunk, Penn., 149.
Mansion House, Mount Carbon, Penn., 221.
Maplewood Hotel (cut), 57.
Marblehead, Mass., 66.
Marcy (Tahamus). N.Y., 180.
Margaretsville N.Y., 138.
Marquette, Houghton, and Ontonagon Rail-
road, 331
Marquette, Wis., 331.
Marshall House, Ga., 292.
Marshfield, Mass., 99.
Massaumkeag Hotel, Me., 79.
Mattakeset Lodge, Mass. (cut), 114.
Mattawankeag, Me., 95.
Mauch Chunk (cut), 148.
Mayville, N.Y., 210.
McIntire Mt., N.Y., 180.
McMartin Mt., N.Y.,180.
Meadville, Penn., 210.
Medicated Geyser Bath Springs, Cal., 346.
Megunticook Peaks, Me., 79.
Melville Lake, Mass., 123.
Memphis and Charleston Railroad, 306.
Memphis and Little Rock Railroad, 308.
Memphis, Tenn., 307.
Memphremagog Lake, Vt., 51, 64.
Menasha, Wis., 328.
Mendota Lake, Wis., 332.
Merced River, Cal., 346.
Meredith, N.H., 39, 45.
Merrimack River, 31.
Metaire, La , 300.
Micligan, 23, 314.
Michigan, Lake, 322.
Middle Falls, N.Y., 208.
Middle States, 133. %
Middletown, Del., 234.
Middletown, N.Y., 205.
Middletown Springs, Vt., 125.
Midland Magnetic Springs, Mich , 314.
Millbrook, N.Y., 138.
Miller’s Falls, Mass., 119.
Miller’s Ferry, Va. (cut), 286.
Mills House, S.C., 291.
Milton, Penn., 229. e
Milwaukee, Lake Slmore, and Western Rail-
road 323.
Milwaukee, Wis., 323.
Mineral Springs, Ala., 306.
Mineral Springs, Miss., 307.
Mineral Springs, Wis., 329.
Minnehaha Falls, Minn., 334.
Minnequa Springs, Penn., 261.
Minnesota, 23, 334.
Minnetonka Lake, Minn., 334.
Minnow Island, Cam., 64.
Missisquoi Springs. Vt., 121.
Mitchell’s Peak, N.C., 296.
Mobile, Ala., 299.
Mobile and Montgomery Railroad, 299.
Mobile and Ohio Railroad, 306.
Mohawk River, N.Y., 195.
Mohawk Valley, N.Y., 171.
354 . INDEX.
Mohegan, Glen, N.Y., 207.
Mohonk Lake. N.Y., 205.
Monadnock, N.H. , 122.
Monckton, E.P., 96.
Monocacy Creek, Penn., 218.
Monona Lake, Wis., 332.
Montana, Ter, 841.
Montgomery, Ala., 299. *
Montgomery White Sulphur Springs, Va.;
392
Montreal, 63
Montvale Spring, Tenn., 305.
Moor Mount, N. Y., 180.
Moosehead Lake, Me., 73, 95.
Moosehorn Mt. Vt., 125
Moosic Mt Highlands, Penn. (cut), 166, 168.
Moosilauke, N.H. (cut), 50.
Moresville, N. Y., 138.
Morganton, N.C , 295.
Morial), N, H., 93,
Morris and Essex Railroad, 145.
Morristown, Penn , 216
Moss Iðun, Va. , 279.
Mountain House, Canada, 64.
Mountain House, Penn., 253.
Mount Carbon, Penn. (cut), 220.
Mount Desert, Me , 66, 73, 78.
Mount Hayes, N.H., 92.
Mount Kineo, Me., 95.
Mount Kineo House, Me., 95.
Mount Katahdin, Me, 95.
Mount Lincoln. Col., 340.
Mount Morrill, Vt., 64.
Mount Olive, N.C., 289.
Mouill, Pleasali (, yie., 84.
Mount St. Helena, Cal., 345.
Mount Tom, Mass., 123.
Mount Vision, N.Y., 170.
Mount Washington, 61.
Mount Washington Railway (cut 62), 90.
Mount Washington River, N H., 88.
Mount Washington Summit House, 62.
Mount Washington Turnpike, 63, 90.
Mount, Whiteface N.H., 72.
Mount Whiteface, N.Y., 180.
Mount Whiteside, N.C., 296.
Moyer's Rock, Penn , 155.
Mountain Valley Springs, Ark., 307.
Mountains : —
Abraham, Me., 94.
Adams, N H , 30.
Adirondack, N. Y., 171.
Alleghany, Penn .253.
Aunainance (Willoughby), Vt., 63.
Bald, N.C., 297.
Bear, Vt , 64.
Bear (cut Mauch Chunk), 150
Belknap, N. H., 41.
Berkshire (Hills), Mass., 123.
Blackberry, Cam., 65.
Black Head, N.Y., 141.
I3]ack, N.C., 295.
Blue, Me., 94
IBlue, N.Y., 180.
Blue Ridge, Va., 274.
Bread-Loaf, Vt., 125.
Caesar’s Head, N.C., 296.
Cannel’s Hump, Vt., 120.
Carter, N.H., 93.
Catskill, N.Y., 136.
Chocorua, N.H., 30, 71.
Clay, N.H., 30.
Clinton, N.H., 30.
Colden, N.Y., 180.
Cove (Hill), N.Y., 180.
Crosby, N.H., 119.
Crowders Knob, N.C., 296.
Cumberland, Tenn., 304.
Dial, N.Y., 180.
Dix's Peak, N.Y., 180.
Elephantis, Can., 64.
Elliot's Knob, Va., 276.
IEquinox, Vt., 124.
Franconia, N.H., 35, 30.
Franklin Mt., N.H., 30, 32.
Gibraltar, Penn , 218.
Ginger Cake Rock, N.C., 296.
Greylock, Mass , 121, 124,
Griffith Knob, Va., 277.
Gray's Peak, Col., 340.
Hayes, N.H., 92.
Haystack, Vt., 125.
Hawk’s Bill, N C , 296.
Hawk’s Nest, Va. , 271.
High Peak, N.Y., 141.
Holyoke, Mass , 123
Hoosac, Mass., 123.
Hor, Vt. , 63.
Hunter, N.Y., 140.
Jackson, N H 3).
Jefferson, N.H.. 30.
Jefferson, Penn , 152.
Jay (Peak), Vt. , 64.
Katahdin Mt , Me., 95.
Keatsarge, N.H., 119, 30.
Riarsarge (Pequawket), N.H. (cut 86),
119.
Killington (Peak), Vt., 124.
Kineo, Me , 95.
King's Mount, N.C., 296.
Lafayette, N.H., 32, 49
Lincoln, Col., 340.
Long's Peak, Col. 340.
Lookout, Tenn., 298, 305.
Madison, N.H., 30.
Mammoth Cave, Ky., 309. '
Mansfield, Vt., 120
Marcy (Tahamus), N.Y., 180.
McIntire, NY., 180.
McMartin, N.Y., 180.
Megunticook (Peaks), Me., 79.
Mitchell's Peak, N.C.. 296.
Monadnock, N.H., 122.
Monroe, N.H., 30.
Moor, N.Y., 180.
Moosehorn, Vt., 125.
Moosic (Highlands), Penn., 166, 168.
Moosilauke, N.H., 30 (cut 50).
Moriah, N.H., 93.
Morrill, Vt. , 64.
Lyon, N.H., 55.
Neversink, Penn., 218.
Nippleton, N.Y., 180.
North, N.Y., 139.
North, Penn., 17.
North, Va., 276.
Oquago, N.Y., 207.
Öfoºd. vi., 64.
Ossipee, N.H., 71
Overlook, N.Y., 137.
Owl's Head, N.H. (cut), 50.
Owl's Head, Canada, 64.
Petenwell Peak Wis., 321.
Pleasant, Mt. , Me., 84.
Pleasant, N. H., 30.
Peaks of Otter, Va., 271, 302.
Pequawket (Kiarsarge), N.H.,72, 84,119.
Penn, Penn., 218. -
INDEX. 355
Mountains, continued : —
Percy (Stratford) Peaks, N.H., 55, 93.
Pike’s Peak, 340. - g
Pilot, N.C , 294. -
Pilot Range, N. H., 55.
Pine Grove, N.Y., 139.
Pinnacle, Can. , 65.
Pinnacle Rock, N.C., 297.
Pisgah, Penn., 148, 152.
Profile, N H., 30
Prospect (Hill), Vt., 64.
Prospect, N.H., 48.
Pulaski Mount, Va., 63.
Ragged, N.E.I., 45.
Reāāīl, N.H., 4i.
Rock, Ga., 297.
Round Top. N.Y., 141.
Saddleback, Me , 94.
Sager-Warner, N.Y., 174.
Saluda, N.C., 296.
Sandwich, N.H., 71.
Seward, N.Y., 180.
Shawangunk, N.Y., 205.
Sky Top (Peak), N.Y., 205.
SOutlı, N.Y., 139
Starr Jºing, N.H., 55.
St. Catherine, Vt., 125.
Sterling, Vt., 120.
St. Heleua. Cal, 345.
Stool, N.C., 297.
Stratford (Percy) fealºs, N.H., 55, 93
Sugar-Loaf, N.1 ſ , 119.
Sulphur, Mon., 343.
Surprise, N.H., 93.
Table, N.C.,296,
Table Rock, N.C., 296.
Tom, Mass., 123.
Wachusett, Mass., 121.
Washington, Mass., 123.
Washington, N.H., 30.
Wawayandah, N.Y., 205.
White Mountains, N.H., 33.
Webster, N.H., 30,88.
Willard, N.H., 88.
Willey, N.H., 88.
Mud Geyser, Mon., 343.
Mud Volcano, Mon., 343.
Mumfordsville, Ky., 309.
Nalhallt, Mass., 66.
Nancy’s Brook, N.H., 88.
NàntaSket Beach, Mass., 98.
Nanticote Branch Railroad, Penn., 163.
Nanticote, Penn., 163. -
Nantucket, Mass., 102.
Narragansett Bay, R.I., 128,
Narragansett Pier, R.I., 128.
Nashville, Chattanooga, and St. Louis Rail-
road, 305.
Nashville, Ky., 313.
National Hotel (First), Wis., 330.
National Hotel, Wis, 228.
National Military Home, Va., 239.
Natural Bridge, Va., 27.1, 302.
Natural Tunnel, Va., 30 p.
Nayaug Falls, Penn. (cut), 165.
Neenal), Wis., 328.
Nescopec Branch Railroad, 158.
Nescopec Junction, l’enn., 158.
Nesquelmoning Valley Branch Railroad, 157.
New Bedford, Mass., 33, 107.
New Brunswick, E.P., 96. -
Newbury, Vt., 51.
Newburyport, Mass., 68.
Neversink Mt., Penn., 218.
New Castle, N.H., 69.
New England, 26.
Newfound Lake, N.H., 110.
Newfound River, N.H., 119.
Newhall House, Wis., 323.
New Hampshire, 27.
New Haven, Conn., 130.
New London, Conn., 130.
New London Northern Railroad, 119.
New Orleans, La., 299.
Newport, R.I., 33, 104.
Newport, Vt., 51, 63, 64.
New River, Va. (cut), 283.
New River Rapids, Va. (cut), 285
Newbury Sulphur Springs, Vt., 63.
New York and Canada Railroad, 142, 177.
New York Central and Hudson River Rail-
road, 130, 136, 174, 193, - t
New York City, 133. -
New York, Kingston, and Syracuse Rail-
road, 126, 137. -
Niagara Falls, N.Y., 203, 267.
Nickerson IIouse, S C., 290.
Nineveh Branch Railroad, 169.
Nippleton Mount, N.Y., 180.
Northampton, Mass., 123.
North Bridgton, Me., 82.
North Branch Lake, N.Y., 182.
North Conway, N. H. , 70, 72 (cut), 85.
Northern Central Railroad, 201, 207, 229,
250 255.
Northern Railroad, 119.
North Mountain, N.Y., 139, 229.
North Mountain, Penn , 184.
North Mountain, Va., 276.
NOrth Mountain House, Penn., 163, 182,
(cut), 183.
North Mountain View (cut), 190.
North Pennsylvania Railroad, 142
Nova Scotia, E.P., 96.
Northumberland, N.H., 55.
North-West, 23.
Oak Bluffs, Mass., 103.
Qak Orchard Acid Springs, N.Y., 202.
Oakton Springs, Wig., 329.
Oakwood House, Wis. (cut), 326.
Ocean House, Me., 78.
Ogden, Utah, 344. - i
Ogdensburg, N.Y., 119, 178.
Ohio River (cut 288).
Oil City, Penn., 210. r
Old Dominion Steamship Company, 241,271.
Qld Colony Railroad, 97.
Old Colony Steamboat Company, 105.
Old Man of the Mountain, N.H., 49.
Old Man’s Wash–Bowl, N.H., 49.
Old Orchard, Me., 66, 70, 73.
Old Point Comfort, Va., 239.
Old Sweet Springs, Va., 280, 302.
Onaha, 340.
Oneida Lake, N.Y., 198.
Onondaga Lake, N.Y., 200.
Onota. Lake, Mass., 123.
Oquago Mount, N.Y., 207.
Orange and Alexandria Railroad, 274.
Orangeburg, S.C. , 299.
Orford, Mount, Vt., 64.
Oshkosh, Wis... 328
Ossipee Falls, N. H., 71.
Ossipee Lake, N.H., 71.
Ossipee Mount, N.H . 71.
Oswego Midland Railroad, 198.
Otisco Lake, N.Y., 0).
Otsego Lake, N.Y., 170, 207.
356
INIOEX.
Otter Ponds, Me., 82.
()verlook Mount, N.Y., 137.
Owasco Lake, N.Y., 200.
Owego Lake, N.Y., 207.
OWl’s Head Mount, Cam., 64.
Owl's Head, N. H. (cut), 150.
Painted Rock, N.C., 296.
Painted Rock, N.Y., 207.
Panacea Springs, N.C., 289.
Panther Gap, Va. , 276.
Panther’s Leap, N.Y., 170.
Paradox Pond, N.Y., 181.
t’arrot [House, N.Y., 174.
Pascagoula, Miss., 299.
Passaconaway, N.H., 71.
Passaic Falls, N.J., 204.
Pass Christian, Miss., 299
Passumpsic Railroad, Vt., 33, 51, 63.
Paterson, N.J., 204.
Pavilion Hotel, N.Y., 171.
Peabody River, N.H., 93.
Peach Gathering, Del. (cut), 234.
Peaks of Otter, Va., 271, 302.
Peekskill, N.Y., 135
Pemigewasset House, 47.
Pemigewasset River, N.H., 35, 46.
Penn Haven, Penn., 158.
JPenn Mount, l’enn., 218.
Pensaukee House, Wis., 330.
Pensaukee, Wis., 330.
Pennsylvania Coal Company’s Gravity
Ičailroad, 1 4.
Pennsylvania, Itailroad, 242.
l'eliubscut. Itiv ºr, M C , 7%).
Pepin Lake, Minn , 345.
Pequot, Conlı., 130.
l'equawket Mount (Kiarsarge), N.H., 72,
84, 86, 119.
Pequannock River, N.Y., 204.
Perkiomen (Xreek, I’enn. 217.
Petenwell Peak, Wis., 321.
Petersburg and Weldo: Railroad, 289.
I’etrea Island, N.Y., 194.
Petrified Forest, Cal., 345.
Pewaukee Lake, Wis., 329.
Pewaukee, Wis., 328.
Philadelphia, 142, 210.
Philadelphia and Erie Railroad, 229.
Philadelphia and Ireading Railroad, 214.
Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Haltimore
Railroad, 233.
Phillips, Me., 94.
Phillipsburg, N J., 145.
Phoenicia, N.Y., 137.
Phoenixville, Penn., 217.
Pictou, E. P., 96. .
Pictured Rocks, 24.
Piedmont Air Line Railroad, 289, 294.
Piedmont Springs, N.C., 295.
Piermont, N.Y., 135.
Pigeon Cove, Mass., 66, 68.
Pike's Peak, Col., 340.
Pilot Mount, N.C., 294.
Pilot Range, 55.
Pilot Rock, Ky., 312.
Pine Hill, N.Y., 138.
Pine Orchard Mount, N.Y., 139.
Pine River, Mich., 315.
Pinkham Notch, N.H., 72, 87, 93.
Pinnacle Lake, Can., 65.
l'innacle Mount, Can., 65.
Pinnacle Mount, N.C., 297.
Pisgah Mount, Penn., 148, 152.
Pittston, Penn., 163.
Pittsfield, Mass., 123.
Pittsfield, N.H., 37.
Pittsburg, Cincinnati
road, 315.
Pittsburg, Penn., 254.
Placid Lake, N.Y., 181.
Plains of Chalmette, La. , 300.
Plankinton House, Wis., 32:3.
Plattekill Clove, N.Y., 140
Plattel&ill Ravine, N.Y., 137
Plattsburg, N.Y., 178
Pleasant Mount, N.H. , 30, 91.
Pleasure IRoute NO.
- Pleasure Route NO.
Pleasure Route No.
Pleasure Route No.
Pleasure Route No.
Pleasure Route No.
|Pleasure Route No.
Pleasure Route No.
ROute NO.
IROutQ NO.
ROute NO.
Pleasure Route No.
ROute NO.
Pleasure Route No.
Pleasure Route No.
Pleasure
Pleasure
Pleasure
Pleasure
Pleasure Route NO.
Pleasure Route NO.
Pleasure Route NO.
Pleasure Route NO.
Pleasure Route NO.
Pleasure Route NO.
Plºsure Rollie No.
Pleasure Route NO.
Pleasure ROute NO.
Pleasure ROute NO.
Pleasure ROute NO.
Pleasure ROute NO.
Pleasure ROute NO.
Pleasure ROute NO.
Pleasure Route NO.
Pleasure Route No. 31, 340.
Pleasure Travel in the Olden Time, 22.
1, 33.
2, 63.
3, 66.
4, 73.
5, 80.
6, 92.
21, 242.
22, 255.
23, 272.
24, 289.
25, 294.
26, 301.
27, 308.
28, 315.
29, 320.
30, 3 7.
31, 340
Pleasant Mount, S.C., 291.
Plumb Island, Mass., 66, 68.
Plymouth, Mass., 99
Plymouth, N.H. (cut 46), 47.
Point Look-off, Henn., 189.
Pulaski Alum Springs, Va., 30}.
Pompey’s Pillar, Va., 303.
Pontoosuc, Mass., 123.
Pool (Franconia, Mountains), N.H., 49.
Port Clinton, Penn.,
210.
Port Deposit, Md., 238.
Port Kent, N.Y., 179.
Portage City, Wis., 332.
Portage Falls, N.Y.,
Portland and Ogdens
Portland, Me. (cut),
208
74.
Portland to Mount Desert, 21.
fortsmouth, N.H., 69
Poteskey, Mich., 316.
Pottstown, Penn., 218.
Pottsville, Penn., 220.
Poughkeepsie, N.Y.
, 194.
Powder Springs, Ga., 298.
Pratt’s Rocks, N.Y.
, 140.
Prattsville, N.Y., 138.
Preble House, Me., 75.
Presumpscot River,
Me., 80.
Presumpscot Valley, Me., 31.
Princeton, Mass., 121.
Profile, N.H., 49.
, and St. Louis Rail-
burg R.R., 72, 80, 121.
INDEX.
357
YProfile House, N.H., 49, 53.
Prospect Mount, N.H., 48.
Prospect House, Mass., 123.
Prospect Hill, Vt., 64.
Prosvect, Rock (cut), 159, Penn.
Providence, R.I., 33, 128.
Provincetown, Mass., 100.
buncheon Run Falls, Va., 302.
Pulaski Mount, Vt., 63.
Pulaski, Vt., 63.
Pulaski House, Ga., 292.
Pulpit Falls, N.Y., 201.
Quaker Street, N.Y., 174.
Quebec, 60.
Quinnesse Falls, Wis., 221.
Ragged Mountain, N.H., 45.
Jºailroads &md Stertºn boats : —
Alabama and Chattanooga, 298, 306.
Alabama Central, 299, 306.
Albany, and Susquehanna, 142, 169, 207.
Atlantic and Great Western, 209, 210.
Atlantic and Gulf, 292.
Atlantic Coast Line, 289.
Baltimore and Potomac, 255.
Baltimore Steam-packet Company (Old
Bay Line), 241. -
Belvidere, 145
Boston and Albany, 119.
Boston and Maine, 33, 34, 70, 73, 87.
Boston and Providence, 126.
Boston, Concord, and Montreal, 33, 70,
90.
boston, Lowell, and Nashua, 33, 34, 119.
Cairo and Fulton, 308
Camden and Atlantic, 230.
Catawissa, 157, 225.
Cazenovia, Canastota, De Ruyter, 198.
Central (New York) and Hudson River,
136.
Central Railroad of New Jersey, 142,
182,225.
Central Vermont, 119, 196.
Chauncey Vibbard (steamer), 136, 139.
Cherry Valley Branch, 171.
Chesapeake and Ohio, 272.
Cheshire, 119.
Chicago and North-Western, 320.
Chicago and St. Paul Line, 332.
Cincinnati, Cumberland Gap, and
Charleston, 305.
Concord, 33, 34, 119.
Connecticut River, 33.
Conway Branch, 70.
Cumberland Valley. 254.
Daniel Drew (steamer), 136, 139.
Delaware and Hudson, 163.
Delaware, Lackawanna, and Wester11,
145, 164, 171, 207.
Eastern, 166.
East Pennsylvania, 219.
East Tennessee and Virginia, 305.
Erie, 136, 204, 262.
European and North American, 96.
Fitchburg, 119, 121.
Flint and Père Marquette, 314.
Framingham and Lowell, 33.
Georgia, 296.
Grand Rapids and Indiana, 315.
Grand Trunk, 55, 92, 119, 197,
Great Southern Mail Route, 289, 301.
IHamilton and Dayton, 315.
Harlem, 119.
Hudson, 119.
International and Great Northern, 308.
James W. Baldwin (steamer), 136.
Kentucky Central, 309.
Knox and Lincoln, 78.
Knoxville and Charleston, 305.
Lackawanna and Bloomsburg, 63, 164,
186, 229.
Lady of the Lake (steamer), 41.
Lake Shore and Michigan Southern.210.
Lebanon Valley, 219. -
Lehigh and Susquehanna, 142, 145.
Lehigh Valley, 143, 145
Iuouisville and Great Southern Ronte,
308.
Louisville, Cincinnati, and ſlexitigton,
308 -
MaCOIn all d Western, 298.
Maine Central, 73, 94.
Manchester and Lawrence, 33.
Memphis and Charleston, 306.
Memphis and Little Rock, 308.
Mary Powell (steamer), 136.
Marquette, Houghton, and Ontonagon,
331,
Milwaukee and St. Paul, 332.
Milwaukee, Lake Shore, and Western,
32:8.
Mobile and Montgomery, 299.
Mobile and Ohio, 307.
Morris and Essex. 145.
Mount Washington, 33.
Mount Washington (steamer), 41, 70.
Nanticote. Penn., 163.
Nashua and Rochester, 33.
Nashville, Chattanooga, and St. Louis,
305, 306.
Nescopec Branch, Penn., 158.
Nesquehoning Valley Branch, 157.
New London Nortlern, 119.
New York and Canada, 142. 177,
New York Central and Hudson River,
130, 174, 193, 267.
New York, Kingston. and Syracuse,
133, 137. 205. -
Nineveh Branch, 169.
Northern, 119.
Northern Central, 201, 207, 229, 250, 255.
North Pennsylvania, 142.
Old Colony, 97.
Old Colony Steamboat Company, 105.
Old Dominion Steamship Co., 241, 271.
Orange and Alexandria, 274.
Oswego Midland, 198.
Passumpsic, 33, 51, 63.
Pennsylvania, 242,
Pennsylvania Coal Co.'s Gravity, 164.
Petersburg and Weldon, 289.
Philadelphia and Erie, 229.
Philadéliphia and Reading, 214, 260.
Philadelphia, Wilmington, and Balti-
more, 233.
Piedmont Air Line, 289, 294.
Pittsburg, Cincinnati, St. Louis, 315.
Portland and Ogdensburg, 72, 80. 121.
Portland, Bangor, and Machias, Me , 78.
Portsmouth and Concord, 33.
Reading and Columbia, 219, 250
Rensselaer and Saratoga, 124, 142.
Rome, Watertown,and Ogdensburg,196.
Sackett's Harbor Branch, 196.
Saginaw Valley and St. Louis, 314.
Sanford’s Independent Line (steamers),
119. -
Selma, Rome, and Dalton, 299.
Sheboygan and Fond du Lac, 323.
358 - - - INDEX.
Aºs
Failroads and Steamboats, continued —
Shore Line (cut of Providence Depot),
126.
Sodus Point and Southern, 202.
St. Paul and Pacific, 334.
Stonington Steamboat Line, 33, 131.
Suncook Valley, 37.
Switch-back (Mauch Chunk, Penn.),
T52 $
{)Z.
Switch-back (Scranton, Penn.), 166.
Thomas Cornell (steamer), 136.
Tſilion and Central Pacific, 340.
Utica and Black River, 196.
Weston and North Carolina, 295.
Western and Atlantic, 306.
West Jersey, 532
Wilmington and Reading, 237.
Wilmington and Weldon, 289.
Wilmington, Charlotte, and Raleigh,289.
Worcester and Washington, 33.
Rainbow Falls, N.Y. (cut), 264.
Raleigh, N.C., 294.
Ramapo River, N.Y., 204.
Ramapo Falls, N.Y., 204.
Rangeley, Me., 73, 94.
Raquette Lake, N.Y., 181.
Raquette River, N.Y., 181.
Rattlesnake Range, N.H., 84.
Reading, Penn., 145, 218.
Reading and Columbia Railroad, 219, 250.
Recluse Island, N.Y., 178.
Red Sulphur Springs, Va., 304.
Red Sweet Springs, Va., 281, 802.
Red Sulphur Springs, Ga., 298.
Remova Springs, Penn., Penn., 260.
Rensselaer and Saratoga Railroad, 124, 142.
Bevere. Mass., 66.
Revere House, Utah, 344.
Richmond, Va., 270.
Richmond, Ind., 315.
Richfield Springs, N.Y., 170
Richmond Falls, Va. (cut), 288.
Ridley Station (cut), 236. -
Ringtown, Penn., 226.
Rivers : — r
Androscoggin, 55.
Ammonoosuc, N.H., 37, 51, 56.
Ashley. S.C., 291.
Au Sable. N.Y., 179.
Baker’s, N.H.. 37.
Cape Fear, N.C., 290.
Charles, Mass, 35. -
Chippewa, Minn., 334.
Cooper, S.C., 291. * * *
Cow-Pasture, Va., 277
Fox, Wis , 328.
Grass, Mich... 317.
Greenbrier (Kanawha.), Va. (cut), 282.
Hudson, 134, 179.
Israel’s, N.H., 37.
James; Va., 270, 278.
Juniata, Penn., 251.
Kennebec, Me., 27.
Merced, Cal., 346.
Merrimac, 35. r
Mohawk, N.Y., 195.
Mount Washington, N.H., 88.
Mystic, Mass. 35.
Newfound, N.H. , 119.
New, Va. (cut), 283.
O’Buf. Minn., ;35.
Ohio (cut), 288.
Peabody. N.H., 93
Pemigewasset, N.H., 35, 119.
Penobscot, Me.,79.
Pequannock, N.Y., 204.
Pine, Mich., 315.
Presumpscot, Me., 80.
Ramapo, N.Y., 204.
Raquette, N.Y., 181.
Saco, Me., 80.
Schoharie, N.Y., 174.
Schuylkill River, Penn., 214, 219.
Shoshone, Idaho, 344. *
Songo, Me., 82.
Squam, N.H., 45. * ... • a
St. John’s River, Fla., 292.
St. Maurice River, Can., 65.
Suncook, N.H., 35.
Susquehanna, Penn. (cut 224), 238,251.
Thames, Conn., 130.
Tombia, Minn., 335.
Tuolumne, Cal., 346.
Venango, Penn., 210.
Warsaw, Ga., 292.
Wells, N.H., 37.
Winnepesauke, N.H., 35.
Roaring Brook, Penn., 164.
Rockport, Mass., 66, 68.
Rock City, N.Y., 209.
Rochester, N.Y., 202, 208,267.
Rocky Falls, N.Y., 201.
Rocky Point, R.I., 128.
ROckbridge Alum Springs, Va. (cut), 276.
Rockbridge Baths, Va., 276.
Rock, Ga. , 297. -
Rodick House, Me., 78.
Rome, N.Y., 196. - t
Rome, Watertown, and Ogdensburg Rail-
road, 196. &
Rose I,ake, Mich... 316.
Round Island. N.Y. 181.
Round Lake, N.Y., 181.
Round Lake, Mich. 316
Round Top, N.Y., 141.
Round Island, Can., 64.
Rouse Point, N.Y., 178.
Rowland’s Mineral Spring, Ga., 298.
Roxbury, N.Y., 138. *
Rupert, Penn., 229. • .
Rumford Falls, Me., 92.
Rustico, P.E.I., 96.
Rye, N.H., 66, 69.
Saco, Me., 80. -
Sackett's Harbor Branch Railroad, 196.
Saddleback Mt., Me... 94.
#
Sager-Warner Mt., N.Y., 174.
Saginaw Valley and St. Louis Railroad, 314.
Saint Anthony Falls, 334.
Saint Paul, Minn., 334.
Salamanca, N.Y., 209.
Salem, Mass., 33.
Salem, N.C., 294.
Salisbury Beach, Mass... 68.
Salisbury, N.C , 295.
Salt Lake City, Utah, 344.
Salt Lake House, Utah, 344.
Salt Pond, Va., 303. -
Salt Sulphur Springs, Va., 304.
Saluda, N.C., 296. *
Samoset House, Mass... 99.
Sam-cha-can-tack-et Lake, Mass., 118.
Sandwich Mt., N.H., 71.
Sanford’s Independent Line (steamers), 21.
Sans Souci Springs, N.Y., 195. .
Saranac Lake (upper), N.Y., 181.
Saranac Lake º: N.Y., 181.
Saratoga Springs, N.Y., 175.
INIOEX.
359
Savannah, Ga., 292.
Sawkill Falls, N.Y., 205.
Schenectady, N.Y., 174, 195.
Schoharie, N.Y., 174.
Schoharie River, N.Y., 174.
Schroon Lake, N.Y., 181.
Schuyler’s Lake, N.Y., 170.
Schuylkill Haven, Penn., 220.
Schuylkill, Penn., 214, 219.
Scituate, Mass., 100.
Scranton Gorge, Penn. (cut), 165.
Scranton, Penn., 164. 229.
Scriven House, Ga., 292.
Sea-View Boulevard, Mass., 117.
Sea-View House, Mass (cut), 108, 111.
ebago Lake, Me., 80 (cut 81).
Seclusion Lake, Tenn., 306
Selma, Rome, and Dalton Railroad, 299.
Seminary Lake, N.Y., 207.
Seneca Lake, N.Y. (Cut 167), 201.
Seven Mine Spring Va., 304.
Seven Springs Mountain House, N.Y., 205.
Seward Mt., N.Y., 180.
Shandaken Valley, N.Y., 137.
Sharon Springs, N.Y., 171, 195.
Sharon Alum Springs, Va., 304.
Shawanegan Falls, Can., 65.
Shawangunk Mt., N.Y., 205.
Sheboygan and Fond du Lac Railway, 322.
Sheboygan, Wis. 323.
Shelby Springs, Ala., 299.
Sheldon Springs, Vt., 121.
Shelter Island Park N.Y., 130.
Sherwood House, 326.
Shickshinny, Penn., 185, 229.
Shoshone Falls, Idaho, 344.
Shoshone River, Idaho 344.
Silver Cascade, N. H. (cut), 89.
Silver Cascade, Vt., 63.
Silver Lake, Mass., 123.
Silver Springs, Fla., 293.
Sinking Springs, Penn., 219.
Sing Sing, N.Y., 135. 193.
Skaneateles Lake, N.Y., 200.
Skinner’s Island, Can., 64.
Sky Top Peak, N.Y., 205.
Sleepy Hollow, N.Y., 139.
Slicking Falls, N.C.. 297.
Smuggler’s Notch, Vt., 120.
Sodom Lake, N.Y., 198.
Sodus Point, N.Y., 202.
Sodus Point Southern Railway, N.Y., 202.
Solomon’s Gap, Penn. (cut), 162. '
South Mt., N.Y., 139.
Southern States, 268. t
South-west IIarbor, Me., 78. -
Sparkling Catawba Springs, N.C., 289.
Sparta Mineral Well, Minn., 334.
Springs; —
Alburgh, Vt., 321.
Alleghany. Va., 302.
Alum and Iron, Cal., 346.
Alum, Cal, 346.
Artesian Levi ſa, N.Y., 195
Augusta (Stribling), Va., 275.
Avon, N.Y., 208.
Bath Alum, Va., 277.
Bailey, Ala., 306.
Bedford Alum, Va., 301.
Bedford, Penn., 254.
Beersheba, Ala., 306.
Black Sulphir, Caº., 346.
Black Sulphur, Tenn., 303.
Bladen, Ala , 299.
Blount’s, Ala., 306, 313.
Blue Lick, Ky., 309.
Blue. Ala., 313.
Roiling Alum and Sulphur, Cal., 346.
Boiling Black Sulphur, Cal., 346.
Bolton, Vt., 64.
Bon Aqua, Tenn., 305.
IBrandywine, Penn., 237.
Calistoga Hot, Cal., 345.
Catoosa, Ga., 298.
Causilor’s, N.C., 289.
Chalybeate, Tenn., 305.
Chalybeate, Ga., 298.
Champlain, Vt., 121.
Chandler, Ala., 299.
Cherokee, Ga., 298.
Chilhowee, Tenn., 305.
Chilhowee, Va., 304.
Clarendon, Vt., 124.
Cleveland Mineral, N.C., 289.
Yolorado, Cal., 340.
Coyner’s, \ a, , 362
Drennon Black Sulphur, Ky., 309.
Eggleston, Va., 303.
Elkmont, Tenn., 313.
Ephrata, Penn., 219.
Iöpsom Salt, Cal., 346.
Eutaw, S.C., 290.
Talling Spring Falls, Va., 278.
Eairy, N.Y., 139.
Gas, N.Y., 210.
Glen Flora, Mineral, Wis., 322.
Godbald’s Mineral Wells, Miss., 30.
Great Geyser, Cal., 346.
Green Cove, Fla., 292.
Green, Fla., 292.
Greenwood, Miss., 307.
Groen Brier White Sulphur, Va. (cut,
281
Harródsburg, Ky., 308.
Healing, Va., 277.
Healing, S.C., 290.
Highgate, Vt., 121.
Holston, Va., 304.
Hot, Ark., 307.
Hot, Va., 277.
Hot, Utall, 344.
Idaho, 340.
Indian Ga., 298.
Intermittent Scalding, Cal., 346.
Iron and Sulpher, Cal., 346.
Johnson’s Wells, Ala., 306.
Lacks, N.C , 289.
Lauderdale, Miss., 307.
Lewana, NY. 201.
Lewis Mineral N.C., 289.
Litz, Penn, 219.
Littonian, Kt., 308.
Madison, Ga., 298.
Magnetic Mineral, Minn., 336.
Magnetic, Mich., 314.
Manitou, Col., 340.
IMedicated Geyser Baths, Cal., 346.
Midland Magnetic, Mich., 314.
Middletown, Vt., 125.
Mineral, Miss., 307.
Mineral, Ala., 306.
Mineral of Palmyra, Wis., 329.
Minnequa, Penn., 261.
Missisquoi, Vt., 121.
Montgomery White Sulphur, Va., 302.
Mont Vale, Tenn., 305.
Mountain Valley, Ark., 307.
Newbury Sulphur, Vt., 63.
360
INDEX.
New Lebanon, Mass., 124.
Oak Orchard Acid, N.Y., 202.
Oakton, Wis., 329.
Old Sweet, Va., 280, 302.
Panacea, N.C., 289.
Piedmont, N.C., 295.
Powder, Ga., 298.
Pulaski Alum, 304.
Red Sweet, Va., 281, 302.
Red Sulphur, Ga., 298.
Red Sulphur, Va., 304.
Renova, Penn., 260.
Richfield, N.Y., 170.
Roaring Creek, Penn., 261.
Rockbridge Alum, Va. (cut), 276.
Rockbridge Bath, Va., 276.
Rowland’s Mineral, Ga., 298.
Salt Sulphur, Va., 304.
Sans Souci, N.Y., 195.
Salatoga, N.Y., 175.
Scalding Steam Iron Bath, Cal., 346.
Seven Mine, Va., 304.
Sharon Alum, Va., 304.
Sharon, N.Y., 171, 195.
Shelby, Ala., 299.
Sheldon, Vt., 121.
Silver, Fla., 293.
Sinking, Penn., 119.
Sparkling Catawba, N.C., 289.
Sparta Mineral Well, Minn., 334.
Spring Church, N.C., 289.
Steamboat Geyser, Cal., 346.
Submerged, Wis., 329.
Sulphur, Ala., 299.
Sulphur, Ark., 307.
Sulphur, Ga., 298.
Sulphur, N.C., 289.
Sulphur, Tenn., 305.
Suwannee, Fla., 292.
Sweet Chalybeate, Va., 280.
Talladega. Ala., 299.
Tar, Ky., 309.
Tate, Tenn., 305.
Union, N.Y., 201.
Valhermosa, Ala., 306, 313.
Wallonia, N.Y., 207.
Vermont, 121.
Verona, N.Y., 198.
Virginia, 271.
Warm, Ga., 298.
Warm, N.C., 296.
Warm, Tenn., 305.
Warm, Utah, 344.
Warm, Va., 277.
White Cliff, Tenn., 305.
White Sulphur, Ky., 309.
White Sulphur, Miss., 307.
White Sulphur, N.Y., 198.
White Sulphur, Tenn., 305.
White Sulphur, Va., 271, 281 (cut 280),
302, 304.
Wilson’s, N.C., 295.
Witch’s Caldron, Cal, 346.
Yates, N.Y., 198.
Yellow Sulphur, Va., 303.
Shore Line Railroad, 126.
Squam Lake, N.H., 45.
Squam River, N.H., 45.
Stamford, N.Y., 138.
St. Anthony Falls, 334.
Star of the East (steamboat), 21.
Starr King Mountain, N.H., 55.
Starucca Viaduct, N.Y., 206.
St. Augustine, Fla., 293.
Staunton, Va., 274.
St. Catherine's Hotel, 125.
St. Catherine’s Lake, 125.
St. Catherine's Mountain, 125.
St. Charles Hotel, La., 300.
Steep Falls, Me., 82.
Sterling Mt., Vt., 120.
St. James Hotel, 300.
St. John, Can., 119.
St. John, E.P., 96.
St. John’s, Fla., 292.
St. Johns)) ury, Vt., 63.
St. Lawrence River, 196.
St. Louis Hotel, I a..., 300.
St. Louis, Mich., 314.
Stockton House, N.J., 232.
Stonington, R.I., 128.
Stonington Steamboat Line, 131.
Stony Clove, N.Y., 137.
Stool Mt. , N.C, 297.
Stowe, Vt , 120.
St. Paul and Pacific Railroad, 334.
St. Paul, Minn., 334.
Stratford (Percy) Peaks, N.H., 55, 93.
Strawberry Culture (cut), 233.
Stribling (Augusta) Springs, Va., 275.
Submerged Spring, Wis., 328.
Sugar Falls, N.Y., 103.
Sugar-Loaf Mt., N.H., 119
Sugar-Loaf, N.Y., 208.
Sullivan’s Island, S.C., 291
Sulphur, Ark., 307.
Sulphur Mount, Mon , 343.
Sulpliur Springg, Ala., 299.
Sulphur Springs, Ga., 298.
Sulphur Springs, N.C., 289.
Sulphur, Tenn., 305.
Summerside, P.E.I., 96.
Summit Hill, Penn., 152.
Summit House, N.H., 50.
Summit House, Vt., 120.
Sunbury, Penn , 259.
Sunnyside, N.Y., 135, 193.
Superior Lake, 331.
Surprise Mount, N.H., 93.
Susquehanna River (cut, 224), 2:8, 251.
Susquehanna, N.Y., 206.
Suwannee Springs, Fla., 292.
Swampscott, Mass., 66, 67.
Swananda Gap, N.C., 295.
Sweet Chalybeate Springs, Va., 280.
Switch-back (Scranton), Penn., 166.
Switch-back Railroad (Mauch
Penn., 148, 152.
Sylvan Glade, N.H., 90.
Sylvan Lake, Mass., 123.
Syracuse, N.Y., 200.
Table Rock, N.C., 296.
Table, N.C., 296.
Taconic House, Vt., 124.
Tahoe Lake, Cal., 345.
Tallulah Falls, Ga., 397.
Talladega Springs, Ala., 299.
Tamanend, Penn., 225.
Tamaqua, Penn., 221.
Tar Springs, Ky., 309.
Tarrytown, N.Y., 135.
Tate Spring, Tenn., 305.
Taughannock Falls, N.Y. 201.
Thames River, Conn., 130.
Thayer’s Hotel, Littleton, 51.
Southern Mail Route Railroad, 189, 301.
Thousand Islands House, N.Y. (cut), 199.
Thousand Islands, N.Y., 196. --
Chunk),
INL) EX, w 361
Thomas Cornell (Steamer), 136.
Three Rivers, Cam., 65.
Thunderbolt, Ga., 292.
Thunder Bay, 314.
Ticonderoga, N.Y., 177.
Tilden House, Wis., 330.
Tilton, N.H. (cut), 38.
Toccoa, Ealls, Ga. 297.
Toledo, Mich., 314. t
Thonir)son’s Falls, N.H., 72.
'i'ombia River, Minn. 335.
Torch Lake, Mich., 316.
'Torch Lake Village. Mich., 317.
Townsend House, Utah, 344.
Towalaga Falls, Ga., 297.
Traverse. City, Mich., 316.
Traverse Lake. Mich., 316.
Trenton Falls, N.Y., 195.
Trip—hammer Falls, N.Y., 201.
Trinidad Cave, 340.
Troy, N.Y., 194.
Truckee, Cal., 345.
Truckee House, Cal., 345.
Tuckerman’s Ravine, N.H., 91.
Tumbling Shoals, Tenn., 306.
Tupper Lake (Big), N.Y., 181.
Tupper Lake (Little), N.Y., 181.
Tuscumbia, Ala., 306.
Twin Lakes, Minn., 334,
Twin Mountain House, N.H. (cut), 58.
Unnbagog Lake, Me., 92.
Union and Central Pacific Railroad, 340.
Union Springs, N.Y., 201.
University of Virginia (cut), 269.
|United States Hotel (cut), 76.
Union Bridge, N.H., 39.
|Upper Bartlett, N.H., 87.
|Up the Hudson, 130.
|Utica and Black River Railroad, 196.
Utowana Lake, N.Y., 182.
|Utica, N.Y., 195.
Valley Forge, Penn., (cut), 216.
Wallonia Springs, N.Y., 207.
Valhermosa, Spring, Ala., 306.
Vermont, 120.
Verona, Springs, N.Y., 198.
Vermont Springs, Vt., 121.
Venango River, Penn., 210.
Virginia, 268.
Virginia Springs, 271.
Vineyard Haven, Mass., 110.
Wachusett Mount, Mass., 121.
Wachusett Lake, Mass., 121.
Wagon Riding, 17.
Walden’s Ridge, Tenn., 306.
Walker House, Wis., 323.
Wambec House, N.H., 55.
Warm Spring, Utah, 344.
Warm Springs, N.C., 296.
Warm Spring, Tenn., 305
Warm Springs, Va., 277, 279.
Warsaw River, Ga., 292.
Warren, N.H., 50.
Waukegan, Ill., 322.
Washington, D.C. (cut), 255.
Watch Hill, R.I., 128.
Wabash, Minn., 335.
Watkins Glen, N.Y., 201, 264.
Wawayandah Lake, N.Y., 205.
Wawayandalı Mount, N.Y., 205.
Webster, N.H., 88.
Wells, Me., 66, 70, 73.
Wells River Junction, Vt., 51, 63.
West Burke, Vt., G3.
West Canada Creek, N.Y., 195.
West Jersey Railroad, 232.
West Hurley, N.Y., 137.
Western and Atlantic Railroad, 306,
West Point, N.Y., 135, 194.
Westkill, N.Y., 137.
West Ossipee, N.H., 70.
Gstern States, 314.
Western North Carolina Railroad, 295.
Weyer’s Cave, Va., 271, 275.
White Bear Lake, Alinn., 334.
White's Cave, Ky., 312.
Whitcomb’s Bowlder, Va. (cut), 286.
White Face Mount, N.I.I., 72.
White Face Mount N.Y., 180.
Whitefield, N.H., 53.
White Head Cliff, Me. (cut), 77.
White Haven, Penn., 158.
White Mountains, N.H., 35.
White Mountain Notch, N.H. (cut 90), S8.
White River Junction, Vt. 119.
White Cliff Spring, Tenn., 305.
White Sulphur Spring, N.Y., 198.
White Sulphur, Miss., 307.
Whito Sulphur, ICy., 309.
Wllite Sulphur Spring, Tenn , 305.
White Sulphur Springs, Va., 271, 302.
Whiteside. N.C., 296
White Water Cataracts, N C., 297
Weir’s, N.H. (cut 42) 41.
Wilkes [3arre, Penn., 145, 163, 229.
Willard Mt., N.I.I., 89.
Willey Mountain. N.H., 88.
Willey Notch, N.H., & 8.
Williamsport, l’enn., 145, 229, 260.
Willoughby Lake, Vt. , 63.
Willoughby Mountain, Vt., 63.
Wilmington and IReading Railroad, 237.
Wilmington and Weldon Railroad, 289.
Wilmington, Charlotte, and Raleigh Rail—
road, 289.
Wilmington, Del., 237.
Wilmington, N.C., 290.
Wilmington Notch, N.Y., 179.
Wilson’s Springs, N.C., 295.
Windham, N º 138.
Wing Road, N.H., 55, 56.
Winnebago Lake, Wis., 322.
Winnepesaukee Lake, N.H., 70.
Winslow House, N.H., 119.
Wisconsin, 23, 320.
Wissallickon IRiver, Penn., 246.
Wolfboro’ Branch Railroad, 70.
Wolfboro’, N.H., 41, 70.
Wollaston, Mass, 98.
Woods Hole, Mass., 102, 109.
Wood’s Ilotel, N.Y., 174.
Woodstock, N. j., 49.
Woodsville, N.H., 51.
Wrightsvillo (Branch), 250,257.
Wyoming. House, 168.
Wyoming Ter., 340
Wyoming Valley IIotel, Penn., 163.
Wytheville, Va., 304, , ,
Yankton, Dakota, 340 \
Yarmouth, E.P., 96.
Yates, N.Y., 108.
Yellowstone National Park, Mon., 341.
Yellow Sulphur Springs, Va., 303.
Yonkers, N.Y., 135.
York, Me... 66, 70.
York, Penn., 257.
Yo Semite Falls, Cal., 346.
Zurich Lake, Wis., 322, 326.
PUBLICATIONS,
BY
JOHN B. BAC HELD ER,
57 Beekman Street, New York.
41–45 Franklin Street, Boston.


H | STORY
OF THE
IBATTLE OF GETTYSIBUIRG.
JOHN B. BACHELDER.
It is unquestionably true that a very much better idea of a battle will be derived if
the text is illustrated by portraits of the actors, and engravings of the action. Such a
representation of the Battle of Gettysburg is nearly ready for press, and when finished
will make a most
COMPLETE HISTORY OF THE BATTLE
It forms a beautiful portrait album of the generals in command. Over NINETY-one
HUNDRED Doll'ARs' worth ARE ALREADY ENGRAVED, including magnificent Steel
Portraits of Generals
MEADE, STANNARD, HAYS, WHEATON, GEARY, McG|LVERY,
REYNOLDS, HANCOCK, SHERRILL BARTLETT, GREENE, PLEASANTON,
NEWTON, ZOOK, BULL, HOWARD, KANE, BUTTERFIELD,
WADSWORTH, G|BBON, VINCENT, AMES, HUNT, WARREN,
MEREDITH, WEBB, CRAW FORD, SLOCUM, RANDOLPH, INGALLS.
DOUBLEDAY, HALL, WRIGHT, WILLIAMS, MARTIN,
And others ordered.
Portraits of General Lee and his Corps and Division Commanders
Will be introduced. Also Wood-Cut Illustrations of
SOME OF THE MOST THRILLING EPISODES OF THE BATTLE
These engravings have been furnished by friends of the parties interested, as mani-
festations of their esteem.
PRICEs. For INTRoducing ILLustrations. – Steel Portraits, $150. Wood–Cuts,
$5, $25, or $75, according to size, invariably in advance. Parties wishing portraits or
wood-cuts should write immediately.
PRICES OF HISTORY.
Popular Edition, without portraits, bound in cloth. . . . . . . . . . . . . - - - - - - - - - - - - - - $5.00
-- -- with portraits printed from transfers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.50
Library -- royal octavo, good paper, bound in sheep . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12.00
HALF Morocco Edition, fine paper, proof portraits, beveled boards. . . . . . . . . . . . 17.50
FINE Edition, tinted paper, proof portraits, full morocco, beveled boards, gilt... 25.00
LARGE PAPER Edition, printed from large, new type, original wood-cuts, hand-
press, heavy toned calendered paper, INDIA Proof portraits, in sheets, uncut..100.00
Elaborately bound, full levant morocco, gilt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125.00
JOHN B. BACHELDER,
41–45 Franklin St, Boston; 57 Beekman St., New York.
363




A MAGN | F | CENT
| | L PAINT | N
STEEL ENGRAVING
OF THE
REPULSE OF LONGSTREET'S ASSAULT
THE DECISIVE MOMENT OF THE
BATTLE OF GETTYSBURG.
Painted by JAMES WALKER,
From Historical Designs by John B. Bachelder.
This painting is 20 feet long and 7% feet high, and is unquestionably
THE FINEST BATTLE SCENE IN AMERICA.
It has been on exhibition thirty-one months, has been examined by thousands of sol-
diers without the discovery of a mistake, and has received the unqualified approval of
military men and art critics. -
A MAGNIFICENT STEEL ENGRAVING,
FROM IT, IN LINE,
By H. B. H. A. L.L., Jr.
A work of superior merit, 35 inches long, engraved surface, and executed in the
HIGHEST STYLE OF ART.
PRICES.
ELECTRoty PE Edition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 7.50
PRINT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15.00
PLAIN Proof, on superior plate paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25.00
INDIA Proof, on fine India paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50.00
Artist Proof (limited to two hundred copies) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100.00
Sold only by Subscription.
Twenty-one THousAND seveN HUNDRED AND FIFTY Doll, ARs wortii already
-
ordered
PUBLISHED BY
JOHN B. BACHELDER,
41–45 Franklin St., Boston; 57 Beekman St., New York.
364


:
3 32 3871
90.15 021

+，-，-，-，-，-）&&&&&&&&&|-&Ă*&&&&&š%¿§§§¿№ae，·ț¢…·rºj. :°> ！！!-！tº& ******** ！！！º ， ， º§§ſae
××××××××××××· &« * * * * · · ·∞ √° * · · · * * * * ſ;…----…-..-…--"-\，* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *„…，ſaeº），…, s.·≤ x ≤№،
X®^^^*^®^^^*^®^y\，\！`&&'（）*（x*&******-**********（ſ)§&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&*****************
،··§3.§§§:Ģ§§§§§！
º§§·
§.***ț¢”，·~~~~·
§ →§§·ſº ，§§！~， ，
§§¿
∞ſae§§，■■■■■■■■■■■→·
§ÈÈ };§§-
ș:§§§§§$ȧÈا§§§§§§§§----§§§§§§§
jº №šķ§§§§§§§§§·§§}}§§§§§§}§.ſae·§§··§§:
&&}§§Ņ-----ſae§§t.Ř-§§§≡§§&&¿§-… →--Ķºšſaeȧ§ ·
：È¿，§·********¿§§¿- ¿ſae}*· º.º.， º. º§§· -.}§§§
§§，§}*$';-$§§·§§
¿ÈŘ№
&##
*
§§， ， ， , º·
· ¡ ¿·：-§§،·-： rº- 2.：****）
º
º
º
§§
§§§
§§§§
Fºº sº
º
º
&§§：-！
º ： §Ņ¿§§§§§§§§§§
§§ §：ss， №§§§§ĶĒ№ŅĶ;&$È
§§§ .-t.t.ѧ§§،ſaeºſ （...）.§§، ·：،§§§§
№→Ņ§§s. -~ ·· ~§§§
§§™§- × × … ..…！！！¿§ſae;· ·¿¿?
§§§§Ř
}
º
:::::::
:
§§•
ſae
º
º;
º:
sº
§§§
º
§
:
º
£º
#:
.
§§
§ 2
§
º
&
§§： ^*** √
§* º * *
§È§§-.Ř:§§§§§§
&&&&&&&&，ț¢&&，&， ，§§،ºff， ：ſae
§§§§§§§§§§§،§§§§§§§§§º.§§
&&&&&&&\\&&&§§§§§¶√≠√&&&&&&§§§§§§§§§§§§
\\&&&&&&\\§§§§-§§§§sºſ,o.§§§§§§§§§~، ،~* - ， ！
§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§∞→^
****¿?, ?）∞، ،，≡ 3·&&-----§§•¿≡ſae， §§§ © ®…
№}§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§§·，，...
§§§§§§§§§§§§§§
fº
&z.
º
º
:
§§
º: º
º:
sº
º
º
§ *）x（ *）
*
º
†º
sº
º
*
№&
§§§
§§
∞§.§§
№，∞
¿§§§§·
R§§§§$■§§ſae§§、3~ ！ ：） -， º-， º-º-º?×
&*ae§§§§§§§§§;ğ）§§…º…-…--~…-
ſae§§§·§§§§：· §§$$$~~~~...，§§§§،≡-****§§§ ،،
§§§§،și،-§§¿?-§§
§§·§.~~
%
º :
º
ſº
iº
º:
º
§§
。
§zšč，...}}
º:
¿§§،，，…，
ŘÈÈȧ§§§§
Ņſae§- ºſ§§×§§§È§§§§§§§§§sae§§§.… ،， ，
$$$$$$}}***¿.*¿¿.*¿º：،§§·：º.¿
§§§§§§§§§§§§· →§§- · --、。、、、、、¿,-*：§§§
§§§）， ſae：§§º.s. ， .….*...！}ſae→¿：§ §§&&&&----：§§§§§）， ae; &ae ae.-§§§§
§§·§§∞∞∞§^ ¿ſae-§§§§§ 33- -*-1.ſ- -¿?-：·¿¿.* ¿?§§
&§§|-§§~ ~* ¿ ·，
Ř
$§§
ſ'，
§№
§§§§§
§ i）≤،
§§º.
§§
3:2;
33
:
º
º
- º
º;
tº:
§§Ņ1.· -§§§： · -، ·}º-º-º--
§. W- ،¿šķ;&& ！º§§§§）.،š， *）， §Ķī£§！;·}· ：：：
§§§§·Š§§§§§§§§）.º. ， ， ， ，§§§¿¿¿.*¿¿.*¿.*）（ ）§¶√-- -（-, ~ºſae§§
; ：§.¿ſaeae，¿،§§*****';-ººk *ºº：.*¿¿.3.- -·§§§
{{ 3，ºſae¿?§§№··§§§∞∞∞----· ··§§§§§§§§§）
$ $ȧ§§§§ÈÈ：、。
ſ №Ř®°¶√∞§@₪|-§¶√≠√≠√∞∞∞ſº:|- -
√¶√≠√≠√∞№&aſ:&§§§§§§§§§！
§§$§§$§§§§§§
§§|×∞Ķ§§§§§§§
ſų§§§§º.· ç.§§≡≡&&&ț¢, 3¢,
× × × ×.. &.· ~-§§§§§§ 83
§§）----.*¿¿.*..*…ſº-§§§§§§§
≡№ķ-∞،*：！！！！！！
§§§）、* - *: *）：șº·…º S. ， ！
§§§§©®*§¶√∞:→¿¿.
！№：， …，.，，.，，，...，- § ¶ ¡ ¿ （º， №.§§
º
º
º
£º.
º
s:
:
:
º
iº.
*.
: ſº
、
ſae;
§§
¿¿.*-·¿
∞ √∞：----·-¿?
ſº
º:
*****、
¿→§§
ſae
º
sº
º
≡-
§§§§§
、··t.¿¿.*§§
∞∞∞·、、、、、、、、、º :***§§§§Ņ
：•¿?w.
·∞ √°.'，
&&,&
º:
ºš
Fº
¿
·§§！
§§§ §§
&&&&&§§§§
§§§§§）.¿§§§§
§§§§$$$$§§
¿∞ √∞ √°.'，-§ğ* º
§§&§，}§§§§§
**ķſaeſae.§§\，\！
§§§§§·§§§*
¿¿ {§§§§
33% "№！\，
ſae§§Ř-·
ſae^► 3.-， ！------
§§|- -§§¿§§-----∞∞∞
（ º ）§ į.-$§§§§§§§§§**¿
ſ-， º∞ √∞.'，→
*;§§-->&§§
§.} &
sº
º
º
º
º
º:
º
º
£º
¿¿.*
į， še ... :·
∞ √°√∞（.） 。·-* ·，≤)
№ſºſ，：·§. 3， *，
¿|-·-~|×
sº
* : ººg
5.º.
º
§:
º:
%
$（'#'+$（': vſ.
Ķ
º
º
º
; :
į，
~،∞∞∞∞
§Ķ（* ?，§§§
）
'№
8，3）;·~，、、。
§§§§- ،§.，§§
Ļºſ， ºgſ姧§1.ºſº，
§§§§§§·
Š
§ 3W »
∞∞∞
¿
<！“，…~· ſ-：：
×∞ √∞·^· ſ-ģ****）$$-：·∞ſºſt.
§§ſae，（~~~~ ~~~~ …）：·a º t.§§§§§§§§§·- ·：
}：،•****）§§§§§§،º ----- ·----.*¿¿.*¿¿.*¿¿.*;，· --··*№.
≡º ae， ſåº ,if （: ; * * ? *， ， ， ， ， ， ºsae‘…º， ， ， ， , ·…º* ¿- ， ， ， ' ';º.ſ.）.§ ¶ ¡ ¿
…|-c…: ： *...*¿¿.*¿¿.*
·-§§§§
§ ¶
§ §.
** ſ;
§§
§§
ſae·： ：،،-…
§§§§·----ºs ºſ|-~º’ √°.-：-¿¿.*ſ*'-！ºſº…
5， * X.&.· ~**$'），· ··、、。、、。：·§§
·•- -----：Cººl，
-¿¿.
sº
º
º'， ſă
§ § § §y:· ،©：
） ）;|-ºſº，3，8 ‰.º fae și .، -~
。 、、：-·§¶√∞ √° ſ√≠√∞§§× …….….….….…：•∞ √°.·5， * ?，----
·~·~ -|-}}،、、、。&& （， ， ;§§
， ！§§
& º
º
§§§§º· --·∞*、、, «¿·-ß ·↓ ↓
x*） ≤ ≥ ≡ ?·|-·-----|-·∞ √∞
* º * ， ！:-·،،، ، ،
， ， ，·~ſ.º.}}3： --º-：·&. |-، ~------ ：）·|-ſae:
·-¿¿.*）?·¿.***.*.*）
·， ，ſ-：…- ·----， ， ， ， c.·ſae
§§3.§§¿№§.： -：-··-§ §r.، …ºsſae}
§§§），·（§§§§ ¶ ¡ ¿"…º.º.¿-→،·¡ ¿- ：··»-º-º-º-º--º---º§ ¶ • ¡ ¿ $¢ £ --¿·
¿?---- º!·* … * * * * *…، ، ، ، ،·№tº & -·º.& && ！$，g_№-§ 3： （3） ***~：ſ...? :） & & -jߧ§ §§
§§- ،#*; ** * * ##fft§§§） ſäſºží，- ·§§§§）. №ſſae， §.¿?：¿ $¢ £§§§§ §§
¿~|- -----§ §§
& №§§§§§§§§§r. $ſae;----- 、、 、、
º.ae ae·、、、、、、、、、、、、º žš，：：·！،··§§：
v §§§§§§§§§§§§،-&&&&-·
≡≡ ***¿¿.*ſae）-¿·.……….…. ， s.s.§¶√≠√≠√≠ ≤ ≥ ≠ ≈§¶√°→…**;ºmaeº，~-& ț***&.--* * * * *$,? ¿.*;*g*，§§ © ® °）， ſº ž.,:））; }
§¶√∞ √° ſ√≠√∞§§§§§§****-******ſaeſaeaeaeaeae:¿·----^-ſae:§§§§§§§§§§
******ț§*）$$ș ș*,
Wșiſae
ſº， ¿-*** * ,ſae
º ，№， №s ae
∞ √≠ ≤ ≥ ≡
º§§
،- -·→ק§§§§
}}·