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Apparatus for Rapid Gas-Analysis, By ARTHUR H. ELLIOTT. In many manufactories and metallurgical works, it is often of great service to be able to make rapid analyses of the gases resulting from various operations, as these analyses serve to control the operations and indicate the progress of the processes. This is especially true for iron and steel works, where a knowledge of the composition of the gases from a furnace is an index of the character of the changes going on inside. Such rapid analyses are also often needed in gas-works. To meet this requirement of technical works, many methods have been devised and various ingenious forms of apparatus have been con- structed. But all the appliances used for this purpose have been based upon the principle of absorbing the various gases in a mixture by liquid reagents. Of the many methods of using liquid reagents, that of Orsat is probably the best known, and the one that has been most used. In this apparatus the gas, after being measured, is made to pass into vessels containing the liquid reagents, and so arranged as to expose a large surface, wet with the reagent, to the mixture of gases. If time is of little value, this apparatus works very well, but it is too slow in its action to be desirable for use in technical works. One great Objection to the apparatus itself is the number of stop-cocks attached to the vari- ous parts of it. These stop-cocks become incrusted with the various reagents, and refuse to turn without great trouble; and any force applied to them is apt to cause a fracture, which ruins the apparatus for further work until the damage is repaired. Instead of passing the gas into a vessel containing the chemical reagents, Raoult” put the reagent into a tube containing the gas. In treating a mixture of gases with several reagents, it is necessary to remove one reagent before adding another. This is accomplished by washing out with water in such a manner that the gas is not lost. Raoult performed this treatment of the gases and washing out of reagents, in a graduated tube with two stop-cocks, one at each end; one of the stop-cocks was surmounted with a funnel to introduce the fluids. But the whole affair was not easily managed, and the gases were submitted to an unnecessary amount of washing while removing the excess of reagents used. * F. M. Raoult, Compt. A'end'., 1876, 844. . 2 EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. Wilkinson modified this method, and devised a very simple and useful apparatus, in which the clumsy manipulations of Raoult were overcome by using a tube with one stop-cock above, the lower end of the tube dipping into water in another tube of much larger diameter. By this means the gases could be treated with liquid reagents, intro- duced through a funnel attached to the stop-cock above; and by intro- ducing or removing water from the outer tube, the gas could be measured at atmospheric pressure. To facilitate the removal of liquids from the outer tube, the latter has a stop-cock attached below. But, as in the apparatus of Raoult, the gases are submitted to an unnecessary amount of washing when water is introduced to remove the reagents. This washing becomes very important in many cases. For example, take the case of illuminating gas, this large quantity of water will wash out some of the illuminants, often as much as two per cent. To overcome this difficulty of excessive washing, I have devised the apparatus which is the subject of this paper. In this process, the gas is removed from the absorbent liquid and measured in another vessel, without washing. The apparatus is shown in Plate I, The tube 4 is of about 125 c.c. capacity, whilst B, although the same length, holds Only Ioo c.c. from the point ZX, or zero, to the mark on the capillary tube at C, and is carefully graduated in Po c.c. The bulbs at the junction of the tubes with the capillary tubing serve to lessen the height of the apparatus, and in the case of the tube A facilitates the spread of the liquid reagents in it. The attachments to these tubes below are seen from the drawing, except that the stop-cock / is three way and has a delivery through its stem. The bottles A and Z hold about a pint each. The tubes A and A are connected above with one another, and also with the spherical funnel M, by a series of capillary tubes about two millimeter in di- ameter inside. There is a stop-cock at G and another at A, while the funnel M, which holds about 60 c.c., is ground to fit over the end of F above. At F is a piece of rubber tubing uniting the ends of the capil- lary tubes, which are filed square to make them fit as closely as possible. - - : In beginning the analysis of a mixture of gases, the stem exit of the three-way cock / is closed by turning it so that Z and A are con- nected through the rubber tubing; the stop cocks F and G are opened, and water is allowed to fill the apparatus from the bottles K and Z, which have been previously supplied. -- When the water rises in the funnel //, and all air-bubbles have been driven out of the tubes, the stop-cocks F and G are closed, the funnel M removed, and the tube delivering the gas attached in its EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. 3 place.” By now lowering the bottle Z slowly, and simultaneously opening the stop-cock F, the tube A is nearly filled with gas, and the stop-cock F is closed. The tube delivering the gas is removed, the funnel M replaced, the bottle Z raised, the bottle K lowered, and by opening the stop-cock G, the gas is transferred to the graduated tube B. The bottle K is now adjusted so that the level of the water in it is the same height as the zero-mark D on the graduated tube. By means of the bottle Z, the gas is adjusted to the zero-mark D in the graduated tube, and the stop-cock G is closed. It is best to wait some minutes before making the final adjustment so that the gas may have the same temperature as the apparatus - . * . The excess of gas in A is expelled by opening the stop-cock F and raising the bottle Z. The gas remaining in the capillary tube between C and the vertical part is disregarded, or its volume may be ascertained and an allowance made; but usually it is too trifling to be worth notice. Having measured the gas, it is now transferred by means of the bottles K and Z into the tube A, and the fluid chemicals added by placing them in the funnel M and allowing them to flow down the sides of the tube A slowly, care being taken never to let the fluids run below the level of the top of the vertical tube in the funnel. It is best to have a mark on the outside of the funnel at least three-fourths of an inch above the top of the level of the vertical tube, and never to draw the fluid down below this point. Always adjust the stop-cock so that the reagents spread over the sides of the tube, and thus expose the gas to a large absorbing surface. ... " - Having treated the gas with the chemical, it is transferred by means of the bottles to the tube B, to be measured. If the chemical gets into the horizontal capillary tube, the passage of a little water from the bottle K will remove it, before transferring the gas. When the gas residue is in B, and the fluid of A has been adjusted at the mark C on the horizontal tube, the stop-cock G is closed, the bottle K is lowered till the level of liquid in it and in the tube B are the same, and the reading is then made. Wait a few moments for the water in B to settle down from the sides of the tube before reading. The tube A is now filled with the chemical just used as absorbent, and water; by turning the stem of the three-way cock /, so that it communicates with 4, and is open below, and by also opening the stop-cock F, the contents of the tube can be run out, and water added through the funnel M to clean the tube for a new absorption. When the tube is clean, by turning the * A tube of the same construction as is shown in the explosion-burette figure can be attached to the end of the stop-cock, and thus facilitate the attachment of the rubber tubing. See H, Plate II. 4. & EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. stop-cock Z, so that A and Z are connected, the water is forced into A, and the whole is ready to receive the gas in B for new treatment. In using the apparatus, the chemicals are added in the following order:— - - I. Potassic Hydrate (1 in 20) to absorb carbonic acid. If illu- minating gas is under examination, a very little of the reagent will be necessary, and it is better to use a solution of potassic hydrate of four times the above strength, in order to prevent washing out of the illu- minants. For traces of carbonic acid, and also for the determination of sulphurous acid and sulphuretted hydrogen, special methods are neces- sary. - 2. Bromine, to absorb illuminants. This is added to some water placed in the funnel. It is best handled with a very small pipette, since only a few drops are necessary. Add it till the tube is filled with its vapor; then absorb the vapor with potassic hydrate the same strength as used for carbonic acid. 3. Potassic Pyrogallate, to absorb oxygen. Solution of potassic hydrate (1 in 8), containing about three per cent of pyrogallic acid. 4. Cuprous Chloride, to absorb carbonic oxide. This is a solu- tion (1 in 4) in concentrated hydrochloric acid. This solution keeps best in a bottle containing a number of pieces of clear copper wire. After using it, and before transferring the gas to the measuring-tube, water is added to completely wash the sides of the tube and absorb the acid vapors. By this method, a mixture containing carbonic acid, oxygen, illu- minants and carbonic oxide, can be analyzed in from twenty to thirty minutes, according to the amount of practice the Operator has had with the apparatus. Compared with Orsat's process, the work can be done with the above-described apparatus in one-fourth the amount of time, and with identical results. - * - . The water used in the apparatus should have the same temperature as ſhe room in which the azza/ysis is made , and by careful handling, little or none of the chemicals get into the bottle Z. When working in a warm place, the tube B should be surrounded with a water-jacket to prevent change of volume in the gas while under treatment.* Always place the apparatus in a vertical position so that the fluid in the funnel will fall in the tube A without striking the sides, when stop-cock is wide open. - - .* Whenever possible, it is better to collect the gas in tubes and transfer it to the apparatus in a position away from sources of heat. EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. - 5 Having added the above absorbents, the residue of gas may con- sist of hydrogen, marsh-gas, and nitrogen; and for the determination of these, I have devised a simple form of explosion-burette, shown in Plate II. It consists of a burette, Z2, of heavy glass, graduated in tenths of cubic centimetres, and holding one hundred cubic centimetres to within about two inches of the lateral tube, E, below ; the upper end is closed by a stop-cock, A, over which fits a funnel, A, in the same manner as in the apparatus described above. The graduations on the tube are made so that the stop-cock is the zero point, and the loo mark is below, near the lateral tube, E. - Into the upper end of the burette, at C, are fused two platinum wires for an ignition-spark. At the lower end of the burette, the glass is drawn out to receive, at A, a piece of soft rubber tubing about three feet long, which in turn communicates with the aspirator bottle, G. Care should be taken that the opening of F and the tubulature of the bottle, G, are not smaller than the bore of the rubber tubing used to connect them, since any contraction would prevent the cushioning of the explosion when the spark is passed.* The bent piece, H, is ground to fit over the stop-cock, B, when the funnel, A, is removed, and facilitates the transfer of the gases from the absorption-burette before described, as it is easier to slip a piece of rubber tubing over the smooth end of Æſ than over the ground end of the stop. cock, B. The stop-cock, and also the fitting, Æ, have capillary tubing of about two millimetre bore. The stop-cock at F, and its tube attaching it to the burette, are of ordi- nary size, about one-eighth to three-sixteenths of an inch. The operation of the burette is as follows:— The gas residue should be in the measuring-tube of the absorption- apparatus. The funnel is removed from the absorption-burette of the previously described apparatus, and a fitting exactly like H is substi- tuted for it. The explosion-burette is placed in a vertical position in a stand near the absorption-apparatus. The bent tube on the upper stop- cock of the absorption-apparatus is now attached to a piece of rubber tubing long enough to reach to the corresponding bent tube of the ex- plosion-burette. Capillary glass tubing with short rubber connections is better than all rubber. The aspirator-bottle, G, is filled with water, and by raising it and opening the stop-cock, B, and closing Æ, the explosion-burette is filled with water, including the bent tube, AZ, fitted over the end of the stop-cock, B. By a similar movement of the * It is also most important that the clamp holding the burette should not hold too tightly, as pressure upon the glass will cause a fracture on exploding the gases. A spring clamp should always be used, and the burette should never be held in a screw clamp. 6 EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. aspirator-bottle attached to the absorption-apparatus, the correspond- ing bent tube and its rubber tube are also filled with water. Care should be taken that the water completely expels all air-bubbles from the capillary tubes and the rubber tube. The explosion-burette is now attached to the absorption-burette by means of the rubber tubing already filled with water, by slipping this rubber tubing over the bent tube of the explosion-burette; taking care to exclude all air-bubbles when making the attachment. To facilitate the connecting of the bent tubes and the rubber tubing, the ends of these tubes should be drawn out so that the rubber tubing will easily slip over them. - • * Having connected the explosion-burette with the absorption- apparatus in the manner described above, we are now ready to transfer the gas residue for the explosion. For this purpose, the three-way cock of the absorption-apparatus is turned so that the bottom of the absorp- tion-tube is closed. By now opening the stop-cocks above on the absorption-apparatus, and also on the explosion-burette, and by moving the aspirator-bottles, any desired quantity of gas can be transferred from the absorption-apparatus to the explosion-burette. When the proper quantity (about eighteen or twenty cubic centimetres is sufficient) of gas has been transferred, the stop-cocks of the absorption-apparatus are closed, also the stop-cock of the explosion-burette. By means of the aspirator-bottle, G, the level of the water is adjusted so that the gas is at atmospheric pressure, by bringing the level of the water in the aspirator-bottle to the same height as that in the explosion-burette. This gives the correct reading of the quantity of gas used. We now have to mix this gas with the proper quantity of oxygen to cause an ex- plosion on passiug a spark through the wires, C. This oxygen is ad- mited through the stop-cock, E,-partly as air and partly as pure oxygen the latter most conveniently from a gas-holder or cylinder under - pressure. The air used should be about the same volume as the gaS residue used and oxygen is added to make 75 or 80 c.c. Having added the proper quantities of air and oxygen the correct volume of the mix- ture thus obtained is read off in the same manner as that of the original gas. But before the final reading is made, the burette is removed from the stand, and by a few movements from vertical to horizontal positions, the gases are mixed, and any oxygen that collects in the tube, E, is removed to the bulk of the gases in the upper part of the burette. Allow the mixture to stand some minutes before making the final read- ing. Having taken the final reading of the mixture, the upper part of the tube is tapped slightly to dislodge any water adhering to the platinum wires, and the spark from an induction coil is passed between them, the aspirator-bottle being below the level of Æ, in order to expand EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. 7 the mixture. A sharp click is now heard, and the tube is allowed to stand so that ſhe heaf of the explosion may pass away before reading the contraction. When the tube is cool, the reading is taken by lifting the aspirator-bottle as before. This reading gives the contraction, and by removing the bent tube and replacing the spherical funnel, A, the car- bonic acid resulting from the explosion may be absorbed with potassic hydrate, as in the absorption-apparatus, the readin gs always being taken after adjusting the levels of the liquids in the burette and the aspirator- bottle. - When removing the bent tube and attaching the funnel, care should be taken that the air in the capillary tube of the stop-cock is removed. This is accomplished by attaching the funnel, putting into it a little potash solution, and then inserting a piece of thin copper wire into the capillary tube of the stop-cock; by this means the air-bubbles are readily removed. Like the absorption-apparatus previously de- scribed, this explosion-burette is intended for rapid work where some accuracy is sacrificed to the saving of time. It has the great advantage that the explosion can be made over water—the long piece of rubber tubing acting as a cushion to the shock. I have used this burette for years, and with the most satisfactory results. It is only intended to be used with mixtures of gases, containing hydrogen, marsh-gas, and nitro- gen,-the ordinary constituents being determined in the absorption- apparatus. - * - - The following formulas are used in calculating the results of the explosion of a mixture of hydrogen, marsh-gas and nitrogen, or hydro- gen and nitrogen. Let C = Contraction. T) — Carbonic Acid : then,_ 2. * 4. - = Hydrogen. and D = Marsh-gas. In the case of hydrogen and nitrogen the above formula becomes simpl - - Simply º * = Hydrogen. - These calculations give the quantities of the above gases found in the number of cubic centimetres of gas-residue used in the explosion; it is of course necessary to calculate these upon the total amount of residue left in the absorption-burette. The nitrogen is found by adding together the figures for the other constituents of the gas and subtracting their sum from one hundred, - 8 EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK, The subjoined table illustrates the character of the mixtures of gases that can be analyzed with the above-described apparatus. Carbonic Acid 3.4 7.3 o.o o.7 Illuminants — — 6.3 I5.6 Oxygen O. O. I, O .3 1.5 Carbonic Oxide 4o. 2 29.8 6.o 8.5 Hydrogen 44.9 55.8 — 13.o Marsh-gas -*. o o — 33.8 Nitrogen I I.5o 6. I — 26.9 With care, and a little practice with the apparatus, results are ob- tained within a few tenths of a per cent. of the truth, and this at an im- mense saving of time over the older methods of analysis—the results answering every ordinary purpose in gas and metallurgical works. After some practice, a complete gas-analysis, using the absorption- apparatus and explosion-burette, can be made in less than an hour. Consolidated Gas Co., AWew York, 1888. ſº FOR PRICES SEE APPENDIX. PLATE I. ." PLATE II. EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. 9 Modifications of Elliott's Gas Apparalls By J. B. MACKINTOSH, E.M., F.C.S., Etc. Chemist to Consolidated Gas Co. of N. Y. In the Ordinary form of this apparatus as described by Elliott,” the transfer of the residual gases from the absorption-apparatus to the ex- plosion-burette is attended with some difficulty and with the liability of accidentally introducing some air during the operation unless great care be taken. In order to obviate these troubles and, incidentally, also to diminish the number of loose pieces, I have devised the simple modifi- cation shown in the illustration. The essential feature is the three-way T-stop-cock on the measuring burette, whereby connection may be made between any two of the burettes, to the complete isolation of the other. Another time-saving device is in the fixing of the zero points of the graduations. In the measuring and explosion burettes the zero point O is taken at that point where the capillary tube expands into the burette, and where the water will naturally remain when the excess drains to the bottom of the burette. This renders the adjustment to zero an automatic one, with no sacrifice of accuracy. The absorption tube has a single graduation at Ioo c c. measured from the point A. In filling this tube with gas to the mark, a small quantity remains in the portion of the tube above A, but this may be removed by first closing the lower stop-cock S and then forcing water out of one of the other burettes. This slightly compresses the gas in the absorption tube, and at the same time expels the excess, so that we then have exactly Ioo c.c. at the atmospheric pressure.f - In transferring gas to the explosion-burette from the measuring- tube, the portion remaining in the capillary tube and in the ways of the T-stop-cock is removed by passing water from the absorption tube, preferably by letting it flow in from the funnel. The T-stop-cock being then turned so as to connect the explosion and absorption tubes, the gas remaining in the measuring-tube is perfectly isolated, and none of it has been lost during the transfer. We are now ready to introduce oxygen for the explosion, which may be done either as Elliott directs, through the lower stop-cock of the explosion-burette, or through the funnel of the absorption tube, or both. * School of Mines Quarterly 3, 16, and 4, 322; and Chemical News, Oct., 1883. f Perhaps a preferable way of taking the sample, is to close the stop cock S and let the gas flow directly into the measuring burette. The gas remaining in the capil- lary tubes between A and O being removed by opening S and passing over a little water from the absorption tube. IO EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. In case we have not a store of oxygen under pressure for use, I have found that a very convenient source of this indispensable reagent is available in the reaction of peroxide of hydrogen on acidified solution of potassium permanganate. We can thus manufacture in the absorp- tion tube as much pure oxygen as we need, by first running in some permanganate, then the peroxide of hydrogen, and then more perman- ganate, until we have added enough to decompose all the peroxide taken. We then wash the permanganate out of the funnel, etc., with water, pass as much oxygen as we need into the explosion-burette, empty the capillary tube of oxygen as before by letting water run in from the funnel, and, finally, empty and wash out the absorption tube and make it in readiness for the absorption of the carbonic acid result- ing from explosion. Air may now be introduced in sufficient quantity for proper dilution, and after mixing the gases by removing and inclining the burette, the explosion may be made, the contraction noted, the gas transferred to the absorption-burette, and the carbonic acid absorbed, and, finally, retransferred to the explosion-burette and the residual gas measured. - - - * * *- :- * * *s ** --------_l •s **** tf EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. I I APPENDIX. >< 5226. Apparatus for gas analysis in general, especially for furnace gases; accord- . ing to Orsat-Muencke ; complete in case, with three pipettes and one measuring burette . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * * * * * * * * * * * * * * g g s = e º is . e. , $25 50 The glass parts alone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 00 5227. Ditto, Fisher’s modification, very compact and handy for travelling, similar but half the size of above, complete in case. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 50 Glass parts alone. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14: 50 º & f $ . . * * 4 * ; : iij} o |; iſ! t º: i | ! Ç #;:;: #i #. |ijī iñ|}| yº § |##|| Ǻ "|| ||{{ 5226 - - 5228 >k 5128. Apparatus, for gas analysis, designed by Dr. Arthur H. Elliott, expressly for the analysis of illuminating and furnace gases, very valuable for gas works and iron companies. Lately improved form, with bulbs and short- ened tubes . . . 5229. Apparatus, as per diagram (bottles and tubing $200 extra). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 00 5230. Apparatus, with water-jacket and rubber stoppers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , e < * * * * * * * ... 15 00 5231. Apparatus, portable, in case, complete. . . . . . . . . . " - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 27 00 5232. Explosion burette for above, . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $800 extra. 4 Re-agents in glass-stoppered bottles, (1 lb. each ; except bromine, 1 oz.). . . . . . 3 00 5232a. Mackintosh’s Modification, complete, as per cut on page 10. . . . . . . . . . . 24 00 12 EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. >< 5233. Apparatus, for the analysis of gases according to Prof. W. Hempel, the most complete apparatus designed for exact and rapid determination as described in his Neue Methoden für Analyse der Gase; its great advantages are : - …- - 1. Only one sample volume of gas necessary to determine all gases it contains. - - . All possible re-agents can be used with it. . No waste of chemicals. . No losses by absorption, etc. - Almost absolute accuracy and One-tenth the time formerly necessary. . Does not need refilling and cleaning after each test ; it stays as it is, always ready for further tests. i § l º º t º r p * | GI | º ºf * * º º | | | º ** t # ...W.Y º | & $ l º § -| i | * * * { Å º i. º | i:ºſ * º: :g ºV. ~ si 5. 5233–6 The apparatus includes: 4 gas burettes, 3 single gas pipettes, 2 compound pi- pettes, 1 explosion pipette, palladium tube and 12 connections, which we fur- nish all mounted with support table for pipettes, for. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $48 00 Re-agents, electric battery and Rhumkorff's coil, as used with Hempel's appara- - tus are charged extra at reasonable rates. - EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. I 3 Additional parts lately designed by the Author. 5234. Hydrogen pipette on support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ... g º ºs e s is tº gº º . . . . . . . . . . . . . . >< 5235. Absorption pipette mounted and filled with pearls. . . . . . >< 5236. Compound pipette, mounted, for solid substance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . & § §§ § #Sº | I - Fº t | I - ſ = A *g # {\!! ºrg Kº: sº | | E--- F-- - sº . s *W. t w * * | i §§ - i §§ - §§ {} ? } $ - * i | "- | # ...: i - ſi "3 § w ºiſºn ... i Sº * *—e-l jº Lſ Lº ( )? . |º ( ( ) º ### §s. 4. ſilº, . & i # it; i jäää Yºlº º § #_º|| || ||º º || || || || || || | || || || - i. | : * º º >< 5237. New form explosion pipette, mounted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . * 5238. The complete apparatus arranged for absolute determinations Over Mercury . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . - 5239. Ditto, the complete apparatus with barometer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Price of single parts see Gas Burettes and Gas Pipettes. 6478. Gas collection tubes, with stop-cocks at each end. Capacity about 250 CC. . . . . . $3 00 GREINER & FRIEDRICH's STOP-COCKS, of new designs. Patent applied for. Plug bored in an angle to prevent leaking, and make the same absolutely air-tight. >< 8141. Connection stop-cock, small. . . . . . . . . $1 20 Large . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $1 60 8142. Ditto, ditto, with mercury seal, small . . . . . . . . . . 1 50 Large. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 00 >k 8143. Three-way stop-cocks, small. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 85 Large. - - - - - * - - - - - 2 50 >< 8144. Ditto, ditto, dawnward, small...... . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 85 Large . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 50 >k 8145. Ditto, ditto, horizontal, with mercury seal, small. 3 00 Large . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 00 Extra sizes to order. % 8146. These stop-cocks will be used, if so wished, on any form of gas burettes, etc., made to order. - % 8146. Winkler’s Gas Apparatus, glass parts. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $9 00 EIMER & AMEND, NEW YORK. is >< 5265. Winkler's Gas Apparatus, with supports, etc., complete. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $12 00 >< 5268. Lunge’s Gas Burette, both with leveling burettes. 50 CC, $400 100 CC, 6 00 h ; | 5270. With supports, additional...... If provided with the new stop-cocks like 8146, 10% additional price. N. B. —Numbers refer to our large Catalogue. I i MURRAY ST., N. Y. - – t | t |||||||||||| Established 1851 E|MER & AMEND, CHEMicals & CHEMical Apparatus, 2O5, 207, 209 & 2 I I Third Avenue, - Cor. I 8TH STREET. - - NEW YORK. º #::==# *:::::::: ãº:#: #:# F. º Sole Agents for the United States of America for C. SCHLEICHER & SCHUELL’s CHEM. PURE AND COMMON FILTER PAPERS. DR. G. SCHEIBLER’s SACCHAROMETERs (POLARISCOPEs). H. TROMMSDORFF's CHEM. PURE CHEMICALs. - E. MARCH's SöHNE GERMAN CHEMICAL STONE-WARE. Joseph KAVALIER's INFUSIBLE BOHEMIAN GLAss. F. DESMOUTIS, LEMAIRE & Co.'s CHEM. PURE HAMMERED PLATINUM. G. KERN's & SoHN's GERMAN BALANCES AND WEIGHTS. H. FLEITMANN's PATENT Wrought Nickel-WARE. GREINER & FRIEDRICH's GERMAN GLAss. # tº W i ſ $ $ 3. º ºf . 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