THE BIBLE IN THE LIGHT OF NATDRE, OF MAN, AND OF GOD. "VOL- I. REV. A. CHISHOLM. S. 15". b/;.. ^ PRINCETON, N. J. ^ Presented bvA x~(£^a\dX£^T~\-V \~^V\or^- by .C5^ Division Section ^ THE BIBLE IN THE LIGHT OK NATURE, OE MAN, AND OE GOD, ALSO IN ITS ESSENTIAL RELATIONS TO THE RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD. BY REV. ALEXANDER CHISHOLM, Boglashi)!, GL'n - Urquhail, Inverness, VOL. I. TO THE CALL OF ABRAHAM. Are there more Gods than one ? There is but one only, The Living and 'I'rue God. — Shorter Catechisiit. The Lord, He is the God; the Lord, He is the God.— ^ Kings xviii. 30- INVERNESS: A. C II IS HOLM. I 89 I. (All Rights Reserved). PREFACE. The Bible is constructed like the subjects whereof it speaks. These are God, Nature, Man, God. God is first and last and, through- out, All in all. It is a Revelation and Representation of these, or of the absolute appearing in the relative, of the Divine Being in His self-manifestations. It comes forth from the Spirit All Father- Son as nature and man do ; and has its Plenary Inspiration and Infallibility from and in the Spirit. Its holy men of old speak as they are moved by the Spirit. It is thus also fitted for its purposes, as to the all-man all-world, and as to God in both (2 Tim. iii. 14-17). The writer can truthfully and thankfully say that he got more of real instruction and true knowledge, in early life, from his godly parents, Alexander Chisholm and Marjory Fraser, than he ever yet got through all other means put together. It is his decided duty and great pleasure to add that the members of the family, Hugh, a girl who died in inftmcy, John, Margaret, Duncan, Mary, and he (the youngest), were of incalculable help to each other in receiving and mutually imparting the same. The religious Authors who have exercised formative influence on his mind are Thomas Boston (Fourfold State), Bishop' Butler (Analogy), and Dr John Owen, Prince of Expositors. How he came to see the essential structure of the Bible is too mysterious and delicate here to describe ; and may bo equally unnecessary for the Reader to know. He is eagerly anxious that he and the people should come as nuich as possible to know the Bible in all that it is and speaks of, as understood and wi-itten by the sacred writers themselves ; each to know his God and his duty, to know God and Jesus Christ whom He hath sent, which is everlasting life. A, C. April, 1891. T THE BIBLE IN THE LIGHT OF NATURE, OF MAN, AND OF GOD IN ITS ESSENTIAL RELATIONS TO THE RELIGIONS OF THE WORLD. IN the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. By faith we imderstaud that the worlds were framed by the word of God, so that things which are seen were not made of things which do appear. It is more than assumed, it is asserted, that the universe is created by the power which it manifests ; omnipotence of the absolute, self-existent, eternal, and unchange- able Being ; an assertion which comprises the full meaning of the theistic view in the Christian sense of the Father doing all things in and through the Son by the Spirit, or the Father doing all in, through, and by the Son, and the Father and Son doing all by the Spirit. The ultimate evidence of the being of God is the correspondence between the mind in man and the mind in nature ; nature manifests mind, and mind interprets nature, each as correlative of tlie other ; and so it used to be said that the Spirit's work and witness in the heart is the greatest and ultimate evidence of the existence of God. There are ever kept in view, both in word and work, the ideas of substance and personality, and of fatherhood and sonship, in some respects resembling the same as realised among men ; three persons in the order of Spirit, Father, Son, in one nature ; farther than this the theistic view needs not be said to have more generalised truth to contain. The steps in the round of modified departure from, and return to, this central truth, liave a certain order, marked more by measure and gradation than nature and kind. From monotheism, with three in one, is often a straying into tritheism, that each of tlie three is a distinct and sejiarate God ; next is henotheism, or each of all a God ; then polytheism, with its partially generalised personalities ; thence to pantheism, in which the personality is viewed as becom- ing one with the phenomena ; and, lastly, atheism, which means a negation of all religion, except towards oneself, as the remaining 1 God for and to himself and others. Atheism, in a less aggravated and personal form, sometimes assumes the existence of space, matter, and motion to be adequate causes of eyery appearance ; and, in one of its mildest forms, it holds that no sufficient evidence of the existence of God has yet been furnislied. It is unnatural to man, and the remaining step is the return to the stai'ting point of the one living and true God. Monotheism is natural to man and to all things ; and it underlies all those other isms, even in their darkest and strongest forms and imports In infidelity there is a denial of, or disbelief in, Christ being a pei'sonal manifestation of the Deity, or such manifestation having ever been made or being possible. Between God and the heaven and the earth the connection is causal ; He is the first cause ; He created them in the beginning. That everything that happens must have a cause, and that there is not an infinity" of secondary causes are the two indisputable postulates of all philosophy. It lies at the basis of human intelligence that the ultimate realit}^ is a being with onniipotent and eternal causal enei'gy ; the laws of nature are an exjjression of volition ; and the whole course of nature or world process is, in its existence, a continued act of will ; while, in its content, it is a logical course or process. The will requires an end for some reason ; and that implies that both the will and the end are reasonable. Power, or force, presupjjoses will to exercise it, and intellect and righteous mode or law to give its exercise intellectual fitness for just action and end ; and yet will presupposes power to exercise it. The exercise of will and intellect in the region beliind and beyond that of subject and object, as known in the relative, may be difficult to form into thought or formal act of the mind, because it does lie in that region, and because of the difference between the absolute and the relative ; yet it is in that region that the will and the intellect, and all else, have their real and essential power and force ; our life is hid with Christ in God. Intellect does need an object in order to its exercise and opera- tions ; it does need the distinction of subject and object for its exercise, just as consciousness needs the same, in the relative ; but both have their higher existence and exercise in their essential relation to, and radical being in, the absolute. Its intuitions are wider, its reasonings fewer, and its affirmations larger, as its power is higher or greater ; and there is every ground to conclude tl.e existence of a self-existent, infinite, and eternal intellect. The union of will and intelligence with power is manifested by the whole luiiverse, as well as in idea; and the universe may be a necessary end of the divine activity or contingent. The I'elative presupposes the absolute, on wliich it depends for its essence and existence, and to which the whole series of relative realities point and tend ; the relative is a modification of the absolute and infinite, its i^henomena veiling it yet manifesting it ; the absolute is a reality and a reason beyond analysis ; universal being is organic, with an aspect of finality as foi'med with a system of definite directions, not an inflexible monotonous mechanism capable of analysis by mere process of reducing complicity to simplicity and special law to general law. Correlation is not existence ; a thing is not explained by merely tracing it back to its rudimentary forms, and b}^ exhibiting its growth. The nature of the power of the iiltimate reason transcends intuition and is beyond imagination ; in essence it is unknown and unknowable ; yet it is manifested through phenomeiia to our consciousness ; and wliat is made manifest is interpreted by the intellect in its cogni- tion by perception and reflectijn. The primary fact recognised or revealed by it, in the relative, is the distinction between self and non-self, a distinction which is accompanied by the idea of moral obligation. The source of this obligation lies in what is beyond the physical, and on which man is dependent. There is a supreme power over all, and a law of righteousness in the moral order of all, throughout the universe ; and this power and this law are rec .ignised by the human mind as those of the ultimate personal reality, and such as ought and must be sub- mitted and conformed to. The human intellect discerns and testifies that the ideas of truth, justice, goodness, and beauty, faintly and dimly reflected in itself, do belong to an order of principles existing in the absolute as anterior and superior to the relative in which m:m finds himself. By a law of its being it is compelled to refer the complete realisatiuu of these ideas to the ultimate reality ; and, having this reality manifested to it through consciousness as law, which is another name for reason and righteous will, wherein consists personality, it is natui'ally led to view this reality as the highest and central personal object of all desire. Mental plienomena, equally with external phenomena, manifest the ultimate reality as law, to which they add the further revela- tion that the reason is true and riglit, that the law is just and rigliteous, that the will is ethical in the character of reason and righteousness, and that the person is good and holy. There is also a noteworthy manifestation of the ultimate reality by necessary truths, as axioms of ethics, self evident and ui changeable and independent of experience. In man the Ego testifies of itself that it is something which is one, identical, per- manent, rational, volitional, and free ; and his belief in the unity of it rests on his being able to appear to himself at all, not on his appearing to himself as such a unity. While the idtimate personality contains within itself the conditions of its existence, the ideas of being, substance, and casuality in jjcrsonality are some- hoAv transcendant and incomprehensible to us ; and while reason and liberty in Him must be in essence and in truth, they are so in a way and form unknown to us. The existence of the j)crfect Being, and that He is the supreme active cause and Ruler in all things, may be difficult for us here to reconcile with such a world as ours is, with its guilt and misery ; but the sokitioii of the terrible problem may be in the natui-e of things passing through a course of formation and improvement from the lowest to the highest, in their relations and interactions as things of the relative as one whole, and in the relations of the absolute and the relative with each other, in Him in whom they all exist, in whom they are renewed, and in whom they are perfected, all in one, Christ. Though we cannot know the universe in its origin or beginning, yet there can be no true and valid objections to theism and the world's creation by divine agency from science and forms of the laws of consciousness. Physical science knows nothing of the cause which formed the first cell of any creature, how that cause developes there from the organism, and how it creatively rules its evolutions ; but the facts of science compel the mind to infer an ultimate reality with a superhuman intelligence ; not an abstraction or notion of a being, but a being Avith aspects or attributes of independence, self-existence, infiuit}', and eternity. The Bible does not contradict the facts of science and philosophy, of human experience, or of universal natural religion. Let it receive the justice of careful, intelligent, and prayerfvd examination of its statements and contents ; let it speak out its own meaning in its own way ; and it will make known to us the truth we need to know and we ought to accept. Evolution presupposes creation, or the pre-existence of what is evolved. Both in creation and in evolution there is activity, and also passivity ; the one in the subject, the other in the object. The self-existent is self-active and self-passive. There is a derived self-existence in the created or evolved, Avith a derived self-activity and self-passivity. Being implies oneness of what is, with an envelopment, or involution, on all sides, of what is not, or of non- being ; and development, or evolution, is the coming, actively and passively, of the one otit of that envelopment, or involution. The envelopment, or involution, as non-being, in relation to and contact with being, implies a form, as crust or shell, in which being meets with non-being, where they forever inter-act and CO act, where they forever give themselves each unto death to tlie other. Here being is forever giving itself into nothing ; but in and through becoming nothing, it ever becomes being, it ever washes and purifies, renews and resumes itself ; it ever decays, dies, and disappears, and it ever revives, reappears, and grows. On all sides of it, and of all its parts, cells, or atoms, this is so. The point comuKjn to both, that of being-nonbeing, is like a point with a zero-like circle, a centre and its circle; while the centre being is three in one ; and the circle is a corresponding three in one. Its out-motion puts one half of the circle to the one side, and the otlier to the other ; each forming into a circle witli a centre-being, and both togetlicr forming a son-being, a son- bud, or some son-form, as in jilants and animals. Its first ont-growth is its three in one from one to four, its next from four to seven, and its third from seven to ten, which is its normal three parts in one ; making ten, with four special being-nonbeing points of one, four, seven, ten. These four specially creative points imply three in one in each, or twelve ; but the tenth, as a new starting point, is as the first, making a one-ten ending-beginning point forever onwards, with an inner fourth and seventh of like form and meaning. At the shoulder point of every out-growth there is ever being formed this being-nonbeing point ; containing the sum-substance of the past for a new onward growth, for fruit, food, or seed. Such is the case in the smallest cell and atom, and iipwards in gradation to the highest formation in earth, animals, and man, in the twelve signs of the zodiac, and all else. So did the Creator, Himself, appear to act in creating the heaven and the earth ; and so does He ever act in all His works of heaven and earth, and all their host. This is the Bible's spirit moving on the face of the waters ; this is the sacred Om of the heathen nations ; this is the halcyon nest of the waters of chaos brooding the beginnings of creation. The absolute thus appears to have this incidental self-being-nonbeing working Om ; existing, or having being, in and out of being-nonbeing, forever outgoing in to and fro, descending and extending, movement, respiration, and circulation, in the relative, in all its ten whole, and ten form gradation of pails and points. In the revolutions of evolution the first point is for ever passing into the fourth, the fourth into the seventh, the seventh into the tenth, and the tenth into being the first again. When the first is becoming great-grandfather, the fourth is becoming grandfather, the seventh is becoming fatlier, and the tenth is becoming sons or children ; this is seeing one's children, and his cliildren's children, to the fourth generation. Every ending-beginning may be correctly termed the beginning as to the point, part, period, dynasty, or that to which it stands as beginning ; and the sum- substance of essentials and elements, principles and laws, and all else, is taken as alread}' created, eternally existing, or eternally being created and eternally having being, all in one om, to be newly evolved in renewed being, and all thereto pertaining. What })receded thus passes into being the succeeded, with variations and distinctions difficult to recognise. Whether the earth has passed through the course of changes, correctly taken in the number and order of three in one, or into and through a fourth, as nebulous ring, gaseous spheroid, liquid spheroid, and solidified earth, may be legitimately and profital)ly studied in the light of what is or may be known of other heavenly bodies, of such distinctions as in some respects still true of earth, and of the laws and facts of its constant and periodic changes in actual course. It is remarkable that the same numbei's and order obtain in the theory of meteors into comets, comets into suns, and suns into cooling planets. jjassiug into and through the fourth into externally solidified crust form. Eartli is inner and cultivated land, the holy land, as distinct from ground, the outer uncultivated, and common land. In all the changes that the earth, or nature, undergoes, it holds true that matter and force are eternally changeless in quantity; nothing is lost, nothing is annihilated. The varied phenomena of nature arc produced by modes of motion Avhich arc interchangeable ; and matter passes from one state into another, but with no absolute loss in the process. Beginning's primal power is the eternal powei', ever working in unbroken oneness and undiminished quantity ; manifesting its divine character and origin in the uniformity of its laws and the circularity of its modes ; in short, that it is The One in all that is. This Divine Personal Spirit gives form and fulness to the earth out of being without form and void ; without increasing or diminishing the absolute quantity of matter or motion. In the process of doing this there is an unbroken and endless chain of link-like oms, making one circle, or whole om, through the whole scale of being ; all in a natural, systematic, and scienti'ic gradation from the smallest and faintest form and throb of the om's inner one and outer form of the smallest bcKinnino^ cell to the full form and siun-contents of universal being. The one of the om is the infinite and eternal spirit, and the circle is the external form of the miiverse, and of each part and point of it. Its gradation is from the smallest atom and organism to the universal system of systems in one full form and contents Spirit, whatever and however it is or may be in itself, is, in our present ultimate knowledge of it, and at least relatively, a simple unity. The creature, physically considered, is a changing mode of motion in a transient form of matter ; but both the motion or force in motion, and the matter, have a gradation of existence and relations onwaixls from the first, and outwards from the inmost being in the eternal, self-existent, and creative spirit. Various opinions have been formed and entertained respecting the origin of the human soul ; that of the creationists' being, that it is created by a fresh act, for each new body ; that of the traducianists, that it is engendei'ed by the parents and transmitted like the bodily characteristics ; and that of infusionists, that it pro-exiited elsewhere, but is infused into the body at some given moment ; while the transmigi'ationists think that it previously inhabited the body of some other man or animal, which doctrine is a develop- ment of the preceding or third opinion. Life's gradation is the Divine Spirit, the human si)irit, animal life, and plant life ; the lowest appearing first, the next higher thei'eafter, and so the rest in order, on to the Spirit who is invisible, yet manifested in fill. A triad of dynasties, each of three in one, or into a fourth, may be taken as the nebulous ring, the gaseous spheroid, tlie liquid spheroid, and the solidified earth ; when the earth, in its solidified state, may be taken in relation to the continued form of tliese three into one, Okeanos, and moving on, under Chronos, Zeus, and Christ ; making one clear triad, each into and through a fourth, with Christ as rising from the dead at the eighth point of resurrection or head part of glory. From beginning's opening out in the creation of heaven and earth, the onward gradation's four jjoints are the first day's Hght and firmament, the fourth day's light in the firmament, the creation of man, and man's passage through the Garde) i into new life ; the sons-begetting process being from the Garden to the Deluge. Under Zeus, or Abraham, there are Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, and Joseph. How they are formed into twelve is shown in Jacob's family of twelve sons, with the feminine side in Dinah. The Chaldean triad of Triads, put into one triad of one man triad, like Jacob's sons under Joseph, are. Ana, Ea, Bel ; Sin, Shamash, Raman; Nindar, Maruduk, Nergal ; Nebo, Belit, Ishtar. Special distinctions need not here be dwelt on. Created objects are classified in Scripture in the oi'dcr and gradation of their creation : an order and gradation for ever and everywhere kept among all objects ; any exception proving the rule. How far the existing classifications by scientific men agree with this of Scripture cannot be but very partially noticed in this work. Scientists mark such natural distinctions as between the inorganic and the organic ; the former necessarily demanding the attention and study of the naturalist of whatever character, but specially that of the geologist and mineralogist ; the latter demanding that of all, but specially that of the biologist. The subject is taken as being the characteristics of organised bodies as distinguished from, or compared with, unorganised bodies. The way taken to ascertain these is by an examination of their chemical composition, form or shape, arrangement of parts, mode of increase, and periodic or cyclical changes. Order and number of elements and parts, both in progression and proportion, enter largely into these characteristics. Every living body possesses the power of absorbing or inserting into itself certain congenial materials from without, and of assimilating the same to itself as food for its piTservation and growth. It CL>nstantly gives out and drops away the decayed or dead poi'tions of its substance. It has the power of begetting or reproducing its like. It is also an advance of the inorganic body. It possesses the substance, and is subject to, and affected by, the physical and chemical forces and laws of tVic inorganic ; but it is more, and possesses more than the other. It is living, and possesses energ_y in a sense peculiar to life ; it has a measure of power of self-acting, towards self and iion- selt, witliin certain limits. The laws of Arithmetic are well api)licable to the standard of human existe ce. It is natural that they should be so ; for they enter into, and are essential to, the nature of all being. Among all nations the Deity has ever been known and acknowledged as one. The One ; yet also as tlu-ee in one, The Triune, or the Divine 8 Trinity in unity. The three persons, Father, Son, and Spirit, imply and siippose each other, as do the pronouns, I, Thou, and He. The one Spirit cannot be Father without beinur|)oscs, numbers and their import and use. 15 In mathematics the Om first form is the point, having position but not magnitude, but having all magnitude in the inner all one; and that one coming out in the one mid line, which may have, and actually has, its Om in any and every point as the centre of the universe and of every thing therein existing ; and which may be drawn from any one point to any other. Nature and the Bible mathematically agree, and are one in themselves, in man, and in the whole relative as the region of the self-acting and self- manifesting of the absolute one eternal Being. Everyone can examine, ascertain, and verify this for himself, at anyrate up to the fourth proposition of Euclid's mathematics. Tliough Alex- andria was Euclid's native place, there is a fourth point, and there is a fourth proposition, difficult for any, unless in the light of the nature of things, and not less for a Hamite, an Ishmaelite (man- ass), an Arab, to get over, namely, the line differentiating Ham from Sliem and Jajijhet, placed across the mysterious fourth point. The Egyptians might not eat bread with the Hebrews ; for that is an abomination (an unnaturalness) to the Egyptians. The heaven and the earth are the omic and aeonic form of the all one of things in the beginning ; that of the whole universe, that of every system of worlds therein, that of every world in every system, and that of every thing in each world and all worlds. God as the All-One in the all Omic Zero brings forth the heaven and the earth. As the beginning is feminine towards Ged as the One in the creation of the heaven and the earth, so is the earth, as without form and void, and having the face of its secret place, in the sense of feminine secret parts, the deep, hid under darkness for covering or veil, as on the face of the bride. This Om is like a deep well, the well of the waters of creation into created being and life, as the opening of the absolute out into the rehitive. Waters here, and in such connections, signify the original substances of things in their elemental sense and state. As the face of man, or of any being, is the summary' means of communication between the inner and outer world, in all inner and outer being and meaning, so the face of the waters, in this all omic secret place, means the seed elements of creatural beings ; and the moving by the spirit on this omic face is the spirit's begetting intercourse for the pro- duction of the earth in form and being. So is Jesus, HimsL'lf, conceived by the Spirit in tlie womb of the Virgin Mary. The letter m is the emphatic closing-opening form of the closing- opening letter v, as in Eve, the mother of all living; d, as in Adam, is the inner hard form of v, and thus the v is the well- form or feminine of the d one form, as Eve is of Adam. Tlie HeDi'Cw, like the Gaelic, has bh, dh, mh, with their GaeHc sounds. The feminine is the Om mother of all living ; the other is the man- father of all living. D repeated becomes r, and clianges Adam into Aram, which put with Abba into one word makes Abram or Abraham. The m, taken as emphatic of v in Eve, and put with r, as the repeated of d in Adam, gives Mara, or Miriam, tlie 16 feminine of Abrahaui, and of Aaron. So the Spirit's omic work here is the same as in man's creation and Adamic dynasty, in the xVbrahamic dynasty, and in Jesus and the Christian dispensation. Being's lowest form of outer covering is non-being, and it forever exists in self-being and self-motion, putting ofl and on the relative as its outer garment, gradually from the lowest non-being form, through all kinds and measures, again to non-being re-being. The nearest to non-being is darkness and death, the next remove is in a measure of light and life, and so on through all gradation in the whole scale of being. The omic contact of the relative with the absolute is the secret place of the Most High. In creating and evolving the relative, the absolute must have an omic form, or feminine side, in begetting intercourse, with which it produces the relative by self-action in that omic form. The eighteenth Psalm says — He made darkness His secret place ; His pavilion round about Him were dark waters and thick clouds of the skies. All force acts in to and fro motion through an omic ring, or a number of rings in a sheath-like line of least resistance. The omic ring is three in one, in which there is a triad of triads, or ten points into one wliole and a new beginning twelfth. It is all days in one day of all works in one creation whole. So it is put in the fourth verse of the second chapter — These are the genera- tions of the heavens and the earth when they were created, in the day that the Lord God made the earth and the heavens Aeon is that which has the eternal absolute in its inner being ; with the eternal form, which the eternal absolute takes in the relative, for its outer body form. The letter a is the first-last father-son vowel with the Omic vowel o as feminine through the whole mid-line ; and the letter e is the vowel passing out from the fourth point in and along the outer line, with the vowel i in the outmost or last syllable, as in Elim. So a e are the dividing point at the fourth point, showing full form and sense of the lower part ; a e i show the full form of the whole ; and hence a e i mean, all always, which together with on (being) give Aeon, the all always Being and Form. Abba is father ; Adam is man, who, being repeated in begetting a son, becomes Aram, meaning man- father ; so Adam becomes Father Abram, in the Abrahamic dynasty. In an inner and deeper sense and sound is the ch, sounded deep down as in the Gaelic cha ; the less deep and loud letter in which the ch man comes to dwell is the c, or ea, as in Cain, Cainan, Canaan, Isaac ; and so cha, or ca, indicates son and possession, (jr man-son in possession. The guttural sounrl of d is dli, as Adhandi in Gaelic ; and that of c is c h, as in the (Gaelic cha ; while bh is sounded like v. Thus ca or cha being the inmost son-form of man, and actually begotten, tiie Adam becomes father in Aram, and grandfather in Abraham (expressly ssud to mean great-father, that is, grandfather). In the next begetting of the Adam (man) is like the seventh ])oint or creation point of Adam, and he becomes renewed and circumcised great-grand- 17 child, to begin tlie Abba (father) again, and repeat tlie d into r, and so on in ever forward sense of a, the ending-beginning in all and in each step. The name, person, and time, of Abram, signify that the Adam, or man, has become, in the Aeonic dynasty sense, a grandfather on earth. The first Father, at first and in the higher and proper sense always, is God, Adam being, in fact and as genealogically traced by Luke, the Son of God ; the second is Adam, or God- Adam ; the third is Abram, or God- Abram ; all making three in one (Jod-man, to pass through the fourth point passage into the next point of open and onward course. But, while man is produced, in his son-svmi of lower part, at tiie fourth point, it is at tlie seventh point that he is produced in his son- sum second part, or son-sum-substance of lower and mid-parts, into the third of from seven to ten. Correctly and aj)propriately the first letter form in the word Chaldea is ch, or cha, the 1 is for El, the d for man as in Adam, the e for the out-splitting, and the last a for the whole as passing in the Om o and one of a, into Abrahamism ; as the chaotic state of things at the beginning pass Abracadabra Abracadabr 11 a's 30 a's Abracadab 4 b's 13 b's Abracada 4 c's 7 c's Abracad 4 d's 5 d's Abraca 3 r's 11 r's Abrac — — Abra 26 66 Abr 11 Ab — 66 -H 6 of every new- A 37 -f 36 = 73 form's place = 666. 11 steps 73 -f- 4 sacred points 10 in (1) = 77. a cad acada racadab bracadabr Abracadabra bracadabr racadab acada cad Form of cone and of world. into all-very-good creation. The d in Adam now comes to its last form in t, as the substance of Chaldeanism comes out in and with Q 18 Abraham in Lot ; the sum-substance of which being El-o-t, or El- Adam as old passing into the rt-newed state or dynasty. The term for man now is Ish ; the I being the one, advanced and more heavenly form of a i, the sh being in Hebrew of three in one Aeonic form, and with cha, bringing out the inmost form of (rod- man from the lowest de])th and highest height oi' Being in earth and heaven. These, put together into one, give Isaac, or Ishaach, which is lah-ish-acha, or Jehovah-man-all. Isaac has his lower part ni Ishmael (man-ass, or man-lower-part), and his division into two in Jacob as inner and Esau as outer. Isaac now becomes father, hence the name Jacob, or Jah-ish-aac-abba ; Abraham becomes grandfather ; and Jacob is the Aeonic Son. All this retains the father-son form and sense of the past ; but it takes the advanced fulness of character implied in the Jehovah-ish-aach, which is formally expi'essed and actually realised in Joseph, as father-son sum of all in three in one parts, and twelve in one point. Ab, or Abba (father), and all the rest are carefully put together, and conA'eniently expressed in the word Abracadabra, as given in the foregoing triangular and conical forms. It shows the to and fro, backwards and forwards, decreasing and increasing, states and movements of things, by having a letter dropped oft' in eaci: point of descent and decrease, and a letter put on at each point of ascent and increase. It briefly and beautifully, concisely and connectedly, shows the all changes of all things ; as are also very fully and affectingly given in the Chaldean Ishtar's descent, in the Egyptian Osiris, in the Greek Dionusos, and in the Balder of North Europe, &c. Though the letter a is the only vowel used in it, the vowel o is really the one employed, for a is made of o and i, as the one Om in all existences and actions, all forces and forms, and all else. Om mani padme hum are the sacred words among the Buddhists, which so far coi respond to the Abracade.bra, and form the Buddhists' Paternoster for all occasions and all things. The most sacred canon of the Hindus and the ritual of the Parsees are supposed to be little understood l)y their priests, and much less by the people ; whence it is dithcult for foreigners to interpret, botli the ritual and the canon. That such important matters should be so, may have arisen, partly, at least, from such selfish motives as keep the breviary of the Roman Catholics in a language not understood by the people. These mysterious words are sometimes printed or written on long scrolls of paper, which are wound witliin a small brass cylinder. The writing is often on many parts of the paper, in Aeonic connections, and the cylinder is caused to rotate on an axis, each revolution of the cylinder counts as a prayer, :is if the words were repeated by word of mouth, and is in imitation of the Aeonic revolutions and changes in one's coiu'se of life, and that of the whole world. Tlic}^ arc the three in one, or fourth, in eternal duration of universal and omni])otent being ; they are tlie self-existent and creative inbeing of all Aeonic formations ; and their revolution in evolution is tiie turning of the wheel of the all 19 in one excellent law. The absolnte seeks to discover the one in the Om, and does ever succeed in finding that one, by ever going into it in begetting intercourse, and that one is itself. So every creature seeks to find the inbeing builder of himself, and goes into the Om and 0ms of his whole course of life to find it ; and that builder he finds to be himself with the real sense of the Divine Being in him. To act in the natural way of the excellent law is the way thus to find the divine inbeing ; in living in, and Avith whom (as Enoch's walking with God), is to be saved in life, and finally to cast off" one's building or tabernacle, and to attain to Pai'adise, the ultimate ami first Nirvana Om of pure, perfect, and happy being. In short, the Om mani padma hum are the three parts into one, or foiu-th, or ten points, or one, four, seven, ten, in one ever ending-beginning being. They are so in all motion, in the Tora or Law, in the Lord's Prayer and all formations. One to live and act in such conformity to this as to become himself in the sense of the original first cause self is to find the true self, the first, last, and all self of the inmost and universal being, with cori-esponding blessedness and glory. It is a Platonic doctrine that, in the generation of all things, intelligence and final causes precede matter and efficient causes. The same is taught in the Vadic Hymns. Scientists, equally with Christian men, recognise and teach that life precedes material organisation. Four difterent terms have been emjjloj-ed by the (ireeks to distinguisli the four, or three in one, parts gradation in the human frame : soma, as the lower and outer ; psuche, as mid- part ; pneuma, as third part ; and nous, as the finest and fullest sum, and nearest in spiritual nature to being divine. In the New Testament these words are translated — soma, body ; psuche, soul ; pueuma, spirit ; and nous is mind in the highest and sum-sub- stance sense. It has already been repeatedly noticed, and is everywhere implied, that each outer form appears before its next inner form ; and that the outer is made by the inner, not the inner by the outer. Each outer is a second-self form, self- reflection, and self-manifestation as the relative is of the absolute. The original and first second-self is non-being, into being, as in let there be. The next is the liighcst and lowest, the first and lasl, form, namely, darkness, as first covering of the creative Om into light. It is through the face and the senses in the face that the intellect has communication, in sum, with the outward world. Face of the deep denotes that the deep Om has all the senses, and is in a mature state for the spirit to act on in creative and begetting intercourse ; and its nuptial veil of darkness, the well- fitting and the only available one in the actual state of things, is on it for tlie occasion. Then the face of the waters denotes the same in respect to the seeds of creation ; and the moving on the face of the waters denotes the actual intercourse taking ])lace. What is here stated is continuous; it all goes on now and ever ; it is the all begetting and being begotten process in one act. 20 Naturally and historically the iirst part of all and any production appearinj^ in the issue is the highest part of the head. Descent in all things always precedes ascent ; no one has ascended into heaven but He who came down from heaven, the Son of Man who- is in heaven ; so is it in all nature, in all man, and in all God's ways and works. Every kind and measure of a different way have always and rightly been regarded as unnatural and of evil omen ; not according to the all very good way of the all very good spirit and Om. The oldnesses of the past are put off and away in every new creation, begetting, and renewal ; and all oldnessses are here summed in one word, darkness, and all newnesses in the one word, light. The Spirit with His one Om of all 0ms is the creator and begetter of all things implied in that which is most like Himself, Light, and that all Light is the creature of the Spirit with the one all Om, saying let there be light and all in it as one sum being, out of the preceding darkness as one non-being. What fii'st appears iu light is the firmament in, through, and along which things exist, move, and have their being. This firmament, by creation and according to the nature and necessity of eternal order and constitution, lies between the above and the below, and between the north and the south ; and its to and fro motion is in the main between east and west, south and north, down and up, but also iu all directions. Its lower part is in the sea, its opening division at the meeting of the surface of the sea with that of the dry grouud, its middle part on earth, and its third or head part in what is called the open firmament, the sky or airy firmament. Each part is also a firmament in itself, so is each formation, of whatever kind or magnitude. It is tlie high place. The tenth point is the same as the first point ; the hairs on the head are as the grass under and about one's feet on the earth ; and both the hairy scalp and the grassy surface of earth are respectively the first part to appear in nature's out- comings. The eyes are the first of the organs of sense to appear. Birds iu moulting, and other animals in casting their outer covering, begin to do so at the head and foreparts ; and the young of all come forth head foremost. Falling on the face is a common phraseology through the scriptures, betokening the putting off and away of the old face of outer oldnesses in an act of renewing intercourse. The production of light is tlie work of the first day. From one to four it is comparatively undivided and indistinct from the darkness, till the appearance of the sun, the Om eye of day, and of the hills and hollows, and of distinct body con- figuration of creation's parts and points, plants, birds, beasts, and man, as in the hundred and fourth psalm. Every Om's creative act of production is the day of that production ; therein it has its creation and being, its type and measure, and duration, and its distinct division and separation from the darkness and the other days. Tlie bounds of every being are like the waters at first, as 21 to beginning, ending, and all around state ; a state of non-being being, ending-beginning, old and new ; it is from the same creative Spirit and Om that it comes and goes, as to itself and its all ; and these ending-beginning waters it has above and below, east and west, south and north, and all around. Every being is so situated, like the great milky way, and this world's great line of empire from east to west, with its human frame-like shape, its course of :sun and seasons, its zodiac signs and stages, its breath and breathings and begetting beings, its changes and passages through heavens and hades, its north and south and all-around seas, ever dying and ever living, a distinct being, yet one of all and with all beings in one Being, wherein it lives, and moves, and has its Being. This firmament God calls heaven : it is heaven ; in it the Most High hath His abode ; God who dwells in the high and the holy place, yet also with him, and in him, who is humble in heart and contrite in spirit. God does more respecting any and every being than saying. Let there be, let be, let (do so and so) ; there are the phrases, the Spirit of God moved, God divided, God called, God made, God set, God created, God blessed, I have given, God ended, God rested. There is more than the possession and out-putting of energy, the exercise of force, the setting something in motion. Energy, force, and motion have laws of causation and relations, order and regularity, t^'pe and form, facts and fitnesses, implj^ng the omnipotence and omnipresence of the all and infinite intelligence and will of the eternal and supreme Being, who is All and in All as to all things. In Him they live and move and have their being. These all wait upon Thee that Thou mayst give t'lem their meat in due season. That Thou givest them they gather; Thou openest Thine hand, they are filled with good. Thou hidest Thy face, they are troubled ; Thou takest away their breath, they die, and return to their dust. Thou sendest forth Thy spirit, they are created ; and Thou renewest the face of the earth. The glory of the Lord shall endure for ever ; the Lord shall rejoice in His works. Every blade of grass and every hair of every disciple's head, everything from the smallest and slightest motion in the Spirit's work of moving on the face of the waters to the one universal motion and movements of universal being, is under the constant care and ceaseless working of the All-Father in heaven. In the evening-morning third day are the gathering of the waters into one plac3, the appearing of the dry land ; and the earth bringing forth grass, herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yield- ing fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth. Hitherto the whole world Aeonic formation is in its watery or first part state. The light spoken of is the dusk and dawn, or evening- morning light, together in one, as tenth and first points in one, or at the firsn or Om out-coming point, as in the early morning ; the second part light will ap])ear at the fourth point ; and the third part state with man. The first or lower part of the firma- 22 meat is with the mid-line of the lower part of earth which is to continue under the waters ; the second part is the open firmament which is to be occupied by the dry land, with seas to south and north and all around, also by tlie atmosphere and living beings^ as insects and birds and the clouds ; and tlie third is the space which is tlie pathway where the sun, moon, and planets move along the Zodiac. Every begotten being has from its beginning a head cover like the first kind and form of its beginning. Each sprout-like icicle that shoots out of the ground grows up and melts or drops down with a small quantity of earth on its head The head-sum of everything tells the tale of its who or what, and its whence and whither ; dust thou art and to dust shalt thou retui'n, yet the spirit shall return to the (iod who gave it — vanity of vanities, yet eternal reality. The Chaldean pictures represent the lower part of the full Aeonic formation, as in man, as a sea- being with form and scales of a fish, in allusion to the lower part of the world being thus and continuing thus in the sea. The dry land is called earth, and the gathering together of the waters is called seas ; both terms are Aeonic ; the difference between earth and common land is made clearer and more distinct in the second chapter. Plants are spoken of as being brought forth by the earth, as are also its kinds of living creatures in the twenty- fourth verse ; while sea and sky animals are spoken of as being brought 'forth by the waters. Plants are classified into the tripartite kinds of grass, herb yielding seed, and fruit tree. Plants, taken in their natural state and improved by cultivation, pass through the transition stages of the one, four, seven, ten, into varieties like species. This shows the importance of cultivation ; but shows also the immutability of natural laws, and the mysteriously creative and renewing character of the transition points of passage. The races of varieties thus obtained are perpetuated with perpetual cultivj> tion ; but when allowed to grow wild, and scatter their seed in ordinaiy soil, they will, in time, lose their improved character, by steps and stages, as in Ishtar's descent, down to their original state and type of natural species. An instance of these remark- able chanscs, and of home interests, is in the improvement and reversion of the Brassica obracea, which, in its wild state, grows on the sea-shore ; but which, xindcr proper cultivation, passes through the transition points into the A-arieties of cabbage, cauli- flower, brocoli, savoys, and curled greens. Its first change is in being formed into a heart or globe, as in ordinary cabbage ; corresponding to the typical Om shape of the earth and all things, and appearing anew, as is here said of earth, let the dry land appear. It now begins to bring forth its new plant ft)rms through regular transition stages, in accordance with the fiat, let the earth bring forth grass, herb, tree ; and anon it appears as cauliflower, and brocoli, with flowei'-stalks become thickened and shortened, and other peculiarities. It is unnecessary to follow out these chans^-es here ; the forms effected are weW known ; only it may be added that the curled form of the greens variety is supposed to arise from the celhdar tissue, parenchyma, becoming largely developed between the vessels, and perhaps marking the limit of effective imijrovement and the line of distinction between plant and animal life. Similar changes are produced by imj)rovement in cereals, as in wheat, barley,, oats, and such-like, which are supposed to be races of varieties of wild-state species now imknown. SECOND PART. The fourth day's work is given in the verses 14-19, both included. And (iod said, let there be lights in the firmament of the heaven to divide the day from the night ; and let them be for signs, and for seasons, and for days, and years ; and let them be for lights in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth ; and it was so. And (xod made two great lights ; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule tlie night ; He made the stars also. And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, and to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness ; and God saw that it was good. And the evening and the morning were the fourth da\'. The order of creation is preserved and continued in the con- tinued act of creation ; so tluit what it is now is what it was at first and is at all times. To know what it is now is to know what it was at first and is at all times. The gradation in order and relations now is what it ever has been. It is so in all matter, or all the substances that aflcct the senses as occupying space, nebulous, gaseous, liqu'd, and solid ; states which the component parts of matter take accoixiing to the relative strength and effect of the forces uniting them, and the energies disuniting them. It is so in the relations of the smallest ])articles, whether as molecules, or mechanical and combined units, or as disunited and free atoms in the form of chemical units. Even in the primordial clement, or the farthest back state in which njatter can be conceived of by the human mind, as one-all matter, there must be order of two polarities and a middle state common to both, like subject and object, and their common state in consciousness, in the intellect, in the will, and every three in one state ; whatever that one element may be, as ether, or whatever else. (Combination of particles takes place in definite proportion of weight and measiu'e, and according to the periodic law of advance by sections and over- lai)pings ; the elements being seldom found in a simple or free state, but in a compound of two, three, or four, seldom more. 24 The sun is formed on the universal Omic principle ; the nucleus appearing like a gaseous mass of inconceivable heat or heat caus- ing power, next the photosphere and chromosphere, lastly the corona. The spots of the sun are in Aeonic relations. The law of speciality and intensity is a part of the law of variety in unity, suited to all origin, adaptations, and ends. Different figures of growths in nature are caused by the different forms of the motion of force. The circular shape of the Om point and cell is necessarily related to the centre and circle of any thing and all things, such as when the major and niinor axes are equal, and the foci and centre coincide ; and is to be seen in the shape and revolutions of beings or objects. Beings shaped straight, or erect, ]»resent the direct out-going or growth of the Om centre in mid- line direction ; and is to be seen partly in everything, and most prominently in man's erect and upright creation. God made man upright in mind and body. Spiral motion is a combined form of the forward and circvilar motions ; and is found in many things in heaven and earth The ellipse is a curved line, in oval form, such that the sum of two straight lines, drawn from two points within to any point in the curve, shall be always the same ; the two points being called the ellipse. In conic sections it is formed by the section of a cone by a plane. When the plane cuts the cone parallel to the base, the section is a circle ; when through both sides obliquely, it is an ellipse ; when parallel to the side, it is a parabolla ; when the cutting makes a greater angle with the Viase than tlie side, it is a parabolla ; and when the j)lane passes through the vertex, it (the section) will be a triangle. The three in one out-growth of the Om makes a pyranudal formation in stages like the Assyrian Ziggurat, with a head containing the representatis'c sum-substance of the whole growth. Ziggurats had the niunber of parts and points in the structure, giowth, or formation intended to be repi'esented ; and essentially the number was three in one parts and ten ])oints, as in creation hei'e and in the creation of any natural beings. It was sometimes called the house of the mountain. So scripture says, the mountain of the Loid's h( use shall ])e established upon the top of the mountains, and be exalted above the hills, and all nations shall come to it. Psalms fifteentli and twenth-fourth, and fifth chapter of Matthew, refer to this Aeonic and Omic mountain. Among tlie Greeks it was ]\Iount Ida and the Olympia. The Assyrians called it also the Mountain of Countries ; because it is the world prominence of the Aeonic line and seat of emjjire, and has its gradation throughout the whole scale of being. The hills and hollows on tlie surface of the earth, and the ruggedness (however small) on natural objects, and ■. ery specially the circular marks on the sun's disc, and that of the moon, are natural forms of the universal Om. Fixed stars, or suns, alternately exj^and and contract their rays, showing a periodic to and fro alternation, like other things. Zodiacal light has also its times and seasons ; appearing as a faint luminosity 25 in the skj, visible in the west, immediately after twilight in spring, and in the east, towards tlie close of autumn, befoi'e sun- rise, being very distinct in tropical regions. In all formations there must be some contraction and expan- sion, and a passing through a transition point into further expan- ■sion or an alternation of contraction and expansion at one central point. In comets, the head, which is a luminous Om or nucleus, surrounded by diffuse light, called coma because resembling hair, repi'esents the contracted and absorbed Om form, and the tail the expanded body leading to or from the head or Om sum ; the tail beinir frequently bifurcated, as opening into two at the fourth point, and sometimes (jpening out into more branches. Nutation shows a necklace-like form of the Om in the circle which the earth's pole descril)cs I'ound the pole of the ecliptic ; a waved or undulating circle, supposed to be caused by the action of the moon on the protuberant parts of the earth at the erpiator ; and a motion which accompanies the motion called precession. Preces- sion of equinoxes makes a change equal to one degree in seventy- one years, or thirty degrees in about two thousand years. It is ao instance of the universal Aeonic movement. Time has to do with the measure of motion and action, as well as with the duration of things ; it is the Om season in which a thing is being done, evolved, brought forth or to pass, or having being. Everything has its time and season. Besides annual periods, there are jilants wliose flowers exhibit diurnal ]jcriods of opening and cL'sing. This led Linna?us to arrange a nundjcr of such into a floral clock, in which each hour of the day was marked by the opening of some flower. A measui-e of light is in every measure of motion of the ether, and is with ether in all motion pervading all substances and through all space. Light, as being the woi'k of the flrst day, is the outmost, and in it things appear from the first day to the foiu'th. Its intensity is as the square of the distance, so it is again in fourth point distance stage the work of the fourth day. Its day Ibrm is a tnree in one parts of morn- ing, mid-day, and evening, in ten or twelve double parts of grada- tion of all its forms and measures of intensity, Iroin earliest dawn to latest dusk ; the mid-part, from four to seven. l)eing the heiglit of day, having the sun for head-sum representative of all light, as man is head-sum representative of all creation. Light is also within, passing through the Omic ])arts and points of jihysical and plant forms, ])]ant and annual life, animal and man s higher parts life, with peculiar relation to intellect, and an oveidajjping of things in outward gi'adiition. Light in its first full and undivided state is white, as it is in coming from the sun. When passing through its natural gradation of colours, it presents seven distinct primary colours, as in a prism and here in creation work ; these colours being violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red. It should be noticed that its white and full form is again reached in man, with a peculiar relation to intellect ; while it is in the same 26 full form in the sua from the fourtli point, which is light's own seventh point. When it forms into part combinations, as in halos and the rainbow, red is innermost ; showing a correspondence of gradation, as here in the relations of warm-blooded animals. On the same principle the dittusion and reflection of light by the air, transmitting it obliquely, present a ruddy illumination of the sky and the clouds, sometimes at sunrise, sometimes at sunset. The gradation of absorption of light, ]jassing from a heavenly body through the atmosjjhere, varies with the difference of altitude or elevation, above the horizon, at the usual rate of one, four, seven, ten, or one, four, eight, twelve, sixteen, twenty, etc., both wliich are really the same. In the production of things from tlie beginning to the fourth point, the ozone and the protoplasm, botli in themselves and their place in the creative work, are in comparative conceal- ment and confinement ; but at the fourth point the ozones is openly connected, under the sun, with the creation work of sea and air, while the protoplasm continues in special connection with the ground, or earth and its production work in their natural state, and with the earth in the sense and work of cultivation. While ether and light, ozone and protoplasm, have each and all so great and ini])ortant parts in all first and all continued creation, the creator is not an}- or all of them, but the personal and eternal (jrod, the All Father-Son, All in All. Ozone has continued work, in comparat'.ve outwardness, in plant life above groimd, also in sea and air life, while ])roto]jlasm has its work more concealed in the \inder ground ])art of plants and in the cidtivation of the ground as earth. 'Die creative inner and all-wherc onniipreseut and omnipotent Being is Johovah increasing and multiplying, and nassing on in all beings to increase and midt iply. Works of ozone and protoplasm are carried on, at all times, in the various operations connected with the changes that take place in all things, specially in those of the preservation and propagation of i)lant and animal life, just as expressed or im|)lied here in these works of creation. And Ood said, let the waters bring forth abundantly the mov- ing creature that hath life, and fowl that may fly above the earth in the open firmament of heaven. And (Jod created great whales, and evei'y living creature that moveth, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind ; and (Jod saw tha^. it was good. And (iod blessed them, saying, be fruitful, and nndtiply, and fill the waters in the seas, and let fowl midtiply in the earth. And the evening and the morning were the fifth day. In every day's work there is a three in one implication of let there be, let the earth, or as here, let the waters bring forth, and that it IS God that does it all, and all very good. Immediately all things are of, from, and by Ood ; of His own will, self-will, and self-action. This self-being, this self-will, and tliis self action, are, as far and as much as possible, imparted to whatever is made ; so 27 that what is farther made is in a secondary sense of, from, and by the things ah-eady made. Still, He as God is commcn to both and in both respects ; so that by Him as the eternal Spirit and Father-Son, or in the Son, are made all things that are made. In every step there is a further form of Om act of creation and evolution into a further formation, in an immediate sens •. There is the use of the already made as the Om couch, in which the creative act takes j)lace. The head-simi substance of the made is absorbed in the creative act, or intercourse, to pass, in a renewed and refined kind, together with that which is being evolved from within, into the new formation or creature. While this substance of the outer or already made, is taken with the inner which is being evolved, there is from and by the Spirit that which is common to both, as the Spirit Himself is conmion to both. Corresi^onding to these are the germ and s])erm in begetting inter- course, together with what by the Spirit's special and higher work is common to both, all making three in one being. Ozone and l^-otoplasm are present in the germ and sperm ; and they together become one with that which is common to both, as their higher and real being, as that which is in immediate and eternal relation and union with the S[)irit, and that which is the one substantive all of the words, after its, or their kind. The coming forth of the newly made, or newly begotten, puts the already made, in its immediate relations, into the place and relation of fathei', or immediate progenitor, the next outer into that of grandfather, and the next into that of grea*--<.>'randfather. This order in these relations and changes is ever kept and marked in nature. Plants exhibit it in foliage and flowering, in root and stem, and all else. Trees have their three in one duration of leaves. The leaves of some cease to perform their special functions when the ))ud is completed, and are deciduous ; some continue until new ones come forth next season, and are annual ; while others continue for several years, to three stages back, and are ])ei'sistent. That plant life is natui'ally and closely related to animal life must be well known to everyone. But what the nature and closeness of that relation are, what in the one passes into the other and becomes an essential part of it, and how all life is one though ever being distributed through all gradation in all sorts of variations, for ever closing and opening, ending yet beginning in and through that ending, are not and cannot be so easily or so well known. In the original Om and root, all things arc one. That one is three in one, which, in the on-going and out-going of the endless course of all possible existences, is infinitely and endlessly repeated and dis tributed in orderly gradation of relations of unity in variety, of successive and co-existent forms of beings ; the same substances and the same laws being in the same eternal unity in the same eternal variety, of the ever changing ever the same whole one of all ones. ?8 There can be nothing in the effect but what was previously in its cause, sum-cause, or cause of causes. It cannot become a cause, or produce a new effect, witliout turning on itself. In turning on itself it is active towards itself as passive ; and it actively, through or with itself passively, or by passive and active self-intercourse, produces itself anew. Self-existence imjjlies all existence, and self-reproduction implies all-reproduction ; and both imply all in all. This self-one underlies all things, and is the inmost being of and in all things. Becoming new, or being new, implies having passed from old being into distinct new being, a father into a son, a cause into an effect. The father-son and the self-one of each, which is the self-one of both, and is common to both, are the one self-one, l)otli in the father-son and all distinc- tions, and as imderlyiug all distinctiors. It is tlie self-one, three in one ; the self-existent, the eternally-begetting being begotten all in all. The same self-begetting being begotten self-one is ever jiassing into being self-son, in wliich it is also father, the previous self-fatherhood becoming self-grandfatherhood ; and so backwards and forwards, and all ways in all relations and distinctions. All this self-oneness in all self-distinctions and self-relations is essential to all being; and implies that all beings, whatever their distinctions and varieties maj^ possibly be, are one self-one. 3. The relative is the sphere of the outgoings and incomings, the descending and ascending, the «11 motions, movements, and manifestations of all beings in all gradation and relations of having being, as the lower and the outer of the absolute ; it is the begetting second-self, couch, and counter-part of the absolute. So are the absolute and the relative co-related. So it is said of Eve in relation to Adam, in the sense of mother and father of all being, "The man is not of tlie woman, but the woman of the man. Neither was tlie man created for the woman, but the woman for the man." That which is lowermost and outmost appears as such; it is of and for its next inner and higher in part and whole ; it is derived from and is rooted in its inner and higiier, and continues to be so through all its duration of its distinct existence ; and in head-sum substance it returns to it in onward and upward grada- tion of being. So it is in all things within the relative as relative, and so is the relative in relation to the absolute. Kvcr^'thing is in contact wiiii tlio absolute, yet in gradation of rehitions to each and all of all beings in the relative ; or the relative, in each and all of its l)eings, as distinct and as one whole, is so in contact to the absolute ; and it botli contains and is contained in the absolute. Thus all things are co-related and co-united in root and fruit, stem and Ijranch, distinctions after their kind, and all else. Dust, as original elements, they all are, and to dust shall they return; of God they all are, and to Him they all go. So it is as to man, the representative sum total of all. Everything in the Bible, in man, and in nature indicates and vindicates the truth of these statements. Union and interdependence, amid all disunions, 29 separations, and severances, apparent imperfections, anomalies, and inconsistencies, and all incidental oppositions and kinds of evil are everywhere. The substance of fire, air, earth, and water, as an ancient classification, pass through ceaseless changes, from one being and class of beings to another, throughout the whole scale of beings — all according to eternal order and law. Protoplasm and ozone pass through absorptive, digestive, and renewing changes in advancing stages and parts, steps and points, in the process of preservation and propagation in plant life. In like manner they pass through a like course in animal life. Physical forces and substances are ever being absorbed into plant formations, and through them, or they, into animal formations. Plant forms indicate, among other things, the manner in which the course of these processes is conducted. Organs of nutrition assume forms according to the functions which they have to perform in the economy of plant life. This is seen in root, stem, and leaves. The part of the common axis, or stem, which is underground, is its descending part, or root system ; the other, or ascending part, is the stem system ; and the life of the whole and its processes have two kinds of relations — the one to earth and protoplasm, the other to heaven and ozone. Type and kind hold true of everything in its wliole connection and course of being, of nature, colour, character, and contents ; varying in the cells as in the plants, in such forms as crystals of lime and phosphoric acid, air, and oily matters, wax and fat, sugar and starch. From one to four and from seven to ten, or at the ending-beginning of every thing, as in the fruit and seed, cell and underground state, ozone and protoplasm have more of oneness, and hidden form and action, than from four to seven, when the ozone is more in the open firmament, with its outward forms and states of being. Still they are everywhere distinct in themselves and their work. Plant life is so nearh' akin to animal life that of some formations it is difficult to say to which life they belong. Nature's co-existences are so evolved and arranged that outer formations overlap their inner. Animal life is produced on the fifth and sixth days, or from the fourth day to the seventh or eighth. Plant life is produced on the third, which is therefore its first ; and from its third, which is the first of animal life, it over- laps the animal life, whose seventh is on the level of the tenth of the plant life, and the fourth of man. It should be carefully observed that there is no life-producing work on the fourth, or on the first or tenth, which two arc regarded as one and mostly the same in ending-beginning sense. What is specially to be dealt with in these mysterious numbers is light, or Ood as the original, creative, and renewing source, and omnipotent, personal, and begetting energy of all. So is it as to the seventh, which is also pre-eminently the day of God's rest, self-refreshing, and rejoicing in His works. These v»'orks are summed in man, who, as head- sum of all things, sliares with all and as the sum of all in that 30 rest, self-refreshing, and rejoicing of God. At these sacred points and passages things liave a kind of pecidiarlv composite and common-looking character and expression, which are transitional, and make them somewhat more difficult to distinguish the one from the other than at other points and times. The closeness of relation of plant life to animal life at first, or from one to foiir, is much hidden. In the out-growth from the Oni seed and cell the spougicle is the type of the lower ])art, and the leaf is that of the upper. Life in plant and animal is an undeniable fact ; but what is the life of plant or animal is difficult if not impossible to say. Every thing is somehow like and somehow unlike all other things ; and what in any thing lies beyond the point or line of all dis- tinctions, or miist be taken isolately as siich, or only related to its zero, be it Ishtar or essence, is, as such, more for the capacities of consciousness than for forms of thought, of senses, and of language. That certain forms of matter exhibit a tendency, in certain con- ditions, to pass through a definite course or series of changes, in a determinate order, or sequence, does not make known what the life in these forms is. As the laws of the conservation of energy and matter, and of the course of changes and se([uences of events, are the method by which the First Cause conducts His works and governs the universe ; so, on a lower scale, are the laws by which and according to which all life and motion possess and engage themselves in the being and work of the same universe. Life can be traced to the lowest form of cell life, in size not more than the fifty-thousand-millionth part of a cubit inch, and multijjlying sucli minute forms equal in number to the whole world's human population in a few hours ; but what it is in itself is at ever}' point and in every form unknown. It can be traced to that clear, colourless, and structureless something called protoplasm ; and from it, thi'ough the whole scale of world foi-mations, from the most minute fungus to the stateliest plant and animal; yet every- where a rigid definition of it is impossible. Though every living thing has its life in that ])rotoplasmic comjjound, and has it as means of nourishment ; yet both the life and the protoplasm are distinct, and each the effect of the true and original cause of both, t.ie Divine Spirit, the real cause of matter, of life, and of mind in all creation. The vitality of every spore, cell, and seed is from and by that Spirit ; and so is the creation of the cell itself, whether by a single and simple act for each individual and each species, or by a process of work and development, or by both. Science can and does tell much of the indications, manifestations, and circum- stances of life, but nothing of its essential being, or its origin, unless in the Bible way of reference to the woi'k and way of all creation by the Spirit as in this chapter. Atoms may possess life energy of kinds and gradations ; but, if so, it is because of the Spirit's ])resence and creative work in them and about them. The sun is in si>me respects the soui'ce of light and heat, both 31 which are essential for plant and animal life ; but the originator of them is not the sun, but He who is the originator both of the fourth-day sun and of them, and of all light, and life, and all else from the beginning, or all ending-beginning of all being. The sun, in shape and meaning, is one, and possibly the leading one in our planetary system, of the man}' summary Oms, which are outward forms and symbols of the universal organs of creation and of the great and hidden marvel and mystery of life. Among the ancients the doctrine taught was that the spirit dwelt in every Om point, in light such as of which Scripture says that it is inapproachable and full of glory ; that He was tlie author, fountain, source, and creative and begetting cause of all created or creatively begotten beings ; and that His ])i-esence and work were in seven, or ten, otherwise twelve points gi'adation of 0ms, frequently, as in the Book of Revelation, called the seven spirits, or Om-days as in this chapter. Everything thus produced has its 0;ns for dwelling-place and preservation, and for re-pi'oduction in co-re' ations with the spirit and all co-existences ; and in eacli case, and for each pur]jose, it goes out, or down, or both, through its allotted course, all in the spirit, and the spirit in it. The Spirit's Father-Son form of being, presence, and work in it is its prototype and creatural realisation in parts and forms of being. In its evolution and gradation each advanced step contains the substance of its lower, outer, and past, together with what is its next inner and higher being, the summary and essential form and characteristic of it, as in itself, and as distinguished from all others. Motion implies change ; and a measure of descent and ascent, of out-going and in-coming is true of every formation, during its course of existence. Activity, of some kind and in some measure, is everywhere. Form also, of some kind and in some measure, is necessary to every existence ; varying from the distinction of being from non-being to the most composite, complicated, and complete organisation. Substance, life, and form, are ultimately traceable to the spirit as the living, creative, and formative cause. Of all forms and means of being and having being it can be said, they are the land which the Lord thy (jod giveth thee. Life may have a number of steps in its gradation of forms before the lowest point at which it is known to us in protoplasm ; that so-called physical basis and medium, through which life is known to be brouglit into relation to, and to be manifested in, the external Avorld ; that chemical compound, which, in a sense secondary to that of the formative work of the spirit, is capable of forming any structure the most complex, yet does not differentiate into such distinct i)arts as necessarily constitute organisation. Like other things, it is subject to the laws of gradation ; the number of its composing elements being four, nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, and carbon ; and the number of conditi(nis ajjparently connected with its life being about the same, free oxygen, water, a certain 32 measure of light and heat varyhig between the freezing-point and a hundred and thirty degrees (Adam's age of manhood), and other materials of necessary lifc-sustaiuing use. Conditions of life, as externally manifested, are secondary to those of life's hidden and immediate relations to the spirit in these hidden conditions. Not only is this so in the earliest stage, or steps, of the means of pro- pagation, but also in all stages ; a fact well known in the case of many jjlant seeds and animal ova. Wheel-animalcules (Rotifera), so highly organised as to possess a nervuus system, organs of sense (even vision) and reproduction, mouth, stomach, and alimentary canal, are found in continued possession of life in the absence of all or some of the secondaiy or external conditions, or in a state susceptible of resurrection. These minute beings may be kept in a dried dust state, and seemingly quite lifeless, and thereafter restored to their former activity and vigour by the application of water, or of the absent conditions. There is something more in every vital phenomena than forces and ])rinciples merely chemical and physical ; that something is difticult to know in itself and its relations and contact with the creative, life-going, and life-sustain- ing spirit. Digestion, nutrition, and reproduction, have not been and cannot be explained by what is merely chemical and physical. Nature, the Bible, and mythology, agree on this point, as on other matters. Some kind and degree of life are present in every thing ; yet at a certain stage or level of gradation there are characteristics by which is recognised the distinction of living and non-living ; and so, again, there are characteristics by which the living are divided into plants and animals. At their higher levels these plants and animals are, in a general manner, easily distinguished, by such marks as the animals possessing, and the plants not possessing, a nervous system and organs of sense, a stomach or internal means of receiving and digesting solid food, and the power of voluntary change of place. But, at the lower levels, and in the less highly organised, the distincti^^ns between the two divisions are more dithcult to determine ; and hence, at these levels, a closer compari- son and <^i'eater care are necessary for correct reference of individuals to their appropriate places in the respective divisions. No animal life is spoken of before the fifth day ; or until after the production of plants, and the appearance of external and formal means of light and heat, as is the sun. Accordingly, the food of plants is fluid or gaseous, as both they and it belong formally to the period frcm one to four; and the food of animals is the protoplasmic compound, elaborated by plants, and so ready- made as means of nutrition of animals by oxidation, or process of burning, by which the contained energy is made to pass into the living tissue of animals. Animals thus appear on the fifth-day level, and so in natural relations to plant work, light, heat, and all means necessary for its distinct existence and maintenance. 33 Proteinaceous matter, or substances, of protoplasm, exist in forms tit for and used in plant life, previous and preparatory to the compound state of it which forms a basis and means for animal life. Water, ammonia, carbonic acid, and some proportion of certain mineral salts, are the inorganic compounds which form the food of plants, and which they unburn or deoxidate, under the influence of sun-light, into the unstable and organic elements of food. While the substances in food for plants and animals are, in themselves originally and always the same, the higher nature and level of animals require and necessitate that they should be raised from their food-state for plants to that of animals, and this is done by the laws, modes, and processes of the vital chemistry of the plants. This process, or work, is completed through the plant fourth-jjoint transition change, by which the compounds of ozone and protoplasm are fully fitted for animal life in all gradation. These formations which outwardly mark this transition passage, are, in some respects, distinctly plants, while, in other respects, they are as distinctly animals ; such as certain fungi which are plants, yet require organised compounds, as animals do, for their nourishment. There are well-known organisms exhibiting at one period of their life an aggregate of phenomena which appear to be of distinctly plant nature, whilst at another pei'iod to be as distinctly animal, the change from the one to the other taking place through their fourth-point passage. The most obvious characteristics are those of external form, or outward configuration, but no absolute distinction of this kind exists between plants and animals. Some plants, as vaucheria, the protococcus nivalis, and others, are, in their embryonic state and form, possessed of cilia, by which they swim, and bear so much i*esemblance to infusorian animalcules as to have been for sometime taken as belonging to that division of the protozoa, the cilia being anticipating marks of transition to animal life as about formally to appear. The sponges and many of the protozoa, which are decided animal formations, also retain so much of the nature and form of plants as to have often been, and even still to be, taken for plants. The flustra, or sea-mat, among the molluscoida, is frequently regarded as sea- weed, and many zooi)hytes, as corals, sea-shrubs, and hydroid polypes liavc been for sometime described as plants. Internally plants and animals arc comjjosed of molecular, cellular, and fibrous tissues, and are, therefore, similar in internal structure. In chemical composition, both plants and animals contain representa- tive compounds difiering, not in kind, but in proportion of the same to each other. The hydrated starch of plants becomes glycogen, secreted by the liver of the manunalia ; the cellulo: