Division T5SUT7 J.T'138 Section Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2019 with funding from Princeton Theological Seminary Library https://archive.org/details/syllabusofoldtesOOpric_O By the Same Author THE MONUMENTS AND THE OLD TESTAMENT: Oriental Light on Holy Writ. Profusely Illustrated. Fifth Edition, 1907. Net, #1.50. THE ANCESTRY OF OUR ENG¬ LISH BIBLE: An Account of the Bible Versions, Texts and Manuscripts. Illustrated with fifty reproductions and charts. Second Edition, 1907. Net, £1.50. A Syllabus of : : : Old Testament History Outlines and Literature For Private Study and the Class Room : : By Ira Maurice Price, Ph. D. Professor of the Semitic Languages and Litera¬ tures in the University of Chicago : : : THIRTEENTH EDITION, REVISED With the Later Chronology Wholly Reconstructed New York Chicago Toronto Fleming London H. Revell AND E Company DINBURGH AND Copyright 1890-1908 by Fleming H. Revell Company First Edition, 1890 Second Edition, 1891 Third Edition, 1892 Fourth Edition, 1896 Fifth Edition, 1900 Sixth Edition, 1903 Seventh Edition, 1906 Eighth Edition, 1908 Ninth Edition, 1912 Tenth Edition, 1915 Eleventh Edition, 1918 Twelfth Edition, 1921 Thirteenth Edition, 1923 Printed in the United States of America Preface to the Tenth Edition. These are fruitful times for Bible students. Each year adds new and valuable works to their effective equipment. And the period since the appearance of the first edition (1890) of this Syllabus has prac¬ tically reconstructed our conceptions of the history and archaeology of the Orient. The finds of the explorer have been critically investigated and sys¬ tematically set forth by the linguist, the archaeologist, and the historian. Their results have been made available in a large body of scholarly literature. These works have appeared, some in comprehen¬ sive, sumptuous, attractive, and expensive forms, and others in concise, handsome, and inexpensive volumes. This new library of Oriental life has opened a new field to every Bible student. Here he finds fasci¬ nating and fruitful results, such as clothe with flesh and blood the skeleton of Old Testament history. The times of ancient Israel were not unique, nor were they far different in the long run from that of any small people in the midst of the great nations of that day. They were but one of the smaller mem¬ bers of the great family of ancient Oriental nations. The presence of Jehovah and His prophets in the midst of this people has given the Old Testament, a record of their national life, both political and religious, its rightful place and importance as a part of our Bible. Students of the Old Testament have come to appreciate the vast significance of these revelations iv OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. v of Oriental life. They have learned to find in them the solution of many hitherto troublesome questions in Old Testament life and history. They have also discovered new and intricate problems, whose solu¬ tions must await further research into the posthu¬ mous documents of many ancient Oriental peoples. The desire for a systematic study of the history in the Old Testament in the light of these discoveries has shown itself in the continued demand for a work of this kind. This syllabus is now used as a text-book in more than a score of educational institutions; and a first Spanish edition appeared in 1915 to be used in Mexico and South American Spanish-speaking countries. Earlier editions of this Syllabus adopted through¬ out their pages, with more or less faithfulness, the chronological scheme of Archbishop Ussher. The Assyrian “eponym canon” has not only shown the erroneous character of that system, but has been able to correct it through almost the entire period of Hebrew history from the Division of the Kingdom down to 666 B. C. This tenth edition merely retains Ussher’s dates down through Solomon’s reign as a necessary evil, but from that point down to Nehemiah has worked out a new system, which both harmonizes older difficulties, and reveals in part the Hebrew method of writing history. The “Appendix” presents it in detail. The new arrangement of the “Literature for Fur¬ ther Study” by periods, except works on the “His¬ tory of Israel,” and “Contemporaneous History,” VI OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. will be a convenience for those who may desire to do more thorough work in great historical eras, or who may wish to know the latest phases of criticism as touching historical material and questions. Stu¬ dents who can and desire to pursue such a line of study will be able to use wisely, throughout the periods of this Syllabus , the appropriate portions of the books named under “History of Israel” and “Contemporaneous History.” These outlines and lists of literature are intended, of course, to be used merely as suggestive and as a basis for work. The writer is aware of the fact that Old Testament history proper would include a comprehensive study of the life of the times, including history, literature, prophecy, and the like. But the impracticability of doing that thing in a mere brief outline study justifies the practical exclusion of the discussion of many points outside of the history. Hence these outlines deal almost exclusively with the facts of the narrative of the Old Testament. For the cordial reception given the earlier edi¬ tions, and for helpful suggestions received from those who have made use of the book both in private study and in the class-room, the author desires to express his sincere thanks. With The Monuments and the Old Testament (6th edition, 1909) as its com¬ panion volume, the author entertains the hope that this Syllabus of Old Testament History may be doubly useful in extending a knowledge of God’s revelation as embodied in the Old Testament. University of Chicago, IrA MAURICE PRICE. April I,1918. Preface to the First Edition. We have reached a new era in Bible study. Old plans and methods of work are giving place to the new. The old material of the Bible has become enriched by the wealth of antiquity. The nations of the Orient are rising from their slumbers. The voices of peoples, old when the first word of the Old Testament was penned, are heard in the East. Their testimony is essential to any correct estimate of those times. In fact, the field of study has so enlarged and expanded that the old text-book method of studying Old Testament History must be superseded by one more stimulating and comprehensive. The student should be turned loose in the luxuriant fields of modern investigation and discovery. He should pro¬ duce his picture of Old Testament History filled with all the events of contemporaneous peoples. This Syllabus aims to furnish a practical compendium and plan of work to accomplish just this end. It is designed as a new text¬ book for use in Theological Seminaries and Colleges, and for private study. The Bible narrative alone can be studied, or in addition thereto any prescribed amount of outside reading done. The option of teacher or stu¬ dent can be followed. The plan of work is very simple. Before one attempts to study the Old Testament he should have some definite Vlll OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. knowledge of the lands of the Bible. The barest external facts respecting the chief book to be studied should be made familiar. And the section of history to be analyzed and synchronized must be divided into periods pos¬ sessing characteristics all their own. Hence the Intro¬ duction takes up and studies Biblical Geography, gives some of the simplest chronological facts about the Old Testament, and divides the history to be treated into twelve periods, or epochs, each possessing peculiarities its own. The body of the book presents these periods divided into sections, the sections into paragraphs, the paragraphs into sub-heads, etc. This analysis does not claim perfec¬ tion. Its degree of detail is not everywhere uniform. The demands of the narrative are not everywhere the same, so that no one method has been pursued to monot¬ ony. The whole aims to be an orderly and convenient arrangement and classification of the most important facts in Old Testament History. It will serve as a basis, or starting-point, for supplemental reading on the part of the student. Questions of criticism and chronology are not exhaus¬ tively discussed. At this stage such treatment would prove to be only a source of confusion. The literature referred to is generally that which should be most access¬ ible to the ordinary student. Josephus’ Antiquities, how¬ ever, should be read alongside the corresponding Bible PREFACE. ur account. All this cited literature is barely an introduction to the vast field now open to the student of Old Testa¬ ment History. These outlines are not expository in the ordinary sense of that term. They are intended to lead the student along the line of the facts. He familiarizes himself with the Old Testament narrative, and with all the new light shed on its pages by contemporaneous history and modern discovery and research. This is just the point at which most Bible students are deficient. Moralize and allegorize they can, easily. But to give and explain the Bible facts accurately, and in order, is a rare ability. Some of the prevalent erroneous and disastrous allegorizing methods of our day will meet their doom when their advocates and employers become grounded in a knowledge of the histor¬ ical setting of the Old Testament. As soon as the careful and devoted student has mastered the events and the facts, the impulses and the motives and the moral at the bottom of these facts readily appear, the lessons and teachings, thus concretely expressed, present themselves with a vividness and force never before conceived. The Appendix presents, in an abbreviated, concise and convenient form, the synchronism of Judah and Israel. The List of Works gathers up the authorities referred to throughout the Syllabus, and adds a Supplemental List of some of the more elaborate, the more scholarly, and the latest works of value for more extensive and detailed X OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. study of Old Testament History. The General Index includes the historical names and topics mentioned only in the Syllabus. For the preparation of the Index of Scripture Texts, and for the verification of the Bible references, the thanks of the author are due Mr. L. C. Randolph of the Seminary. Other obligations are suffi¬ ciently recognized by references. By a discriminating and careful use of the extra leaves in jotting down new facts, explanations and references, each one can make for himself of this Syllabus a handy and indispensable compend of Old Testament History. A similar treatment of Old Testament Prophecy is in course of preparation. It is the purpose of the author to provide a simple, concise, practical and comprehensive method of studying the history found in the Old Testament and among contemporaneous peoples. He, therefore, invites suggestions, criticism and corrections leading to that end. More conscious than any one else of its defects, yet convinced by four years of class-room experience of its practicalness, the author now gives to the Bible studying public this little Syllabus. It is accompanied with the prayer that it may be the means of arousing a more genuine interest in the fundamental nistorical study of the Old Testament revelation. Theological Seminary, Morgan Park, Chicago, December 6,189a Ira M. Price. TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION. Paget I. Why study Old Testament History?.. 1-4 II. Biblical Geography. -jg Secs. ^ 1. The Old Testament World. 6 7 2. Geography of Palestine. 7-9 3. Geography of Palestine—continued.. 9-n 4. Natural History of Palestine. 11-12 5. Climate of Palestine. 12 6. The Political Divisions of Palestine. 13-14 7. The Chief Points and Cities of Palestine. 14 8. Jerusalem. 15-16 III. Literature.. ... 17-19 9. The Books of the Bible. 17 10. The Books and Chapters in the Old Testament.... ... 17-18 11. Moderate General Outfit for the Study of Old Testa¬ ment History. 19 IV. Chronological. 20 21 12. Period of Time covered by the Bible. 20 13. Periods of Old Testament History. 20-21 FIRST PERIOD, ANTE-DILUVIAN. 14. The Creation. 23 25 15. Eden. 25 27 16. The Temptation and the Fall. 27 29 17. Cain and his Descendants. 29 31 ► 18. Seth and his Descendants. 31 -33 SECOND PERIOD, POST-DILUVIAN. 19. The Deluge. 34-36 20. The Second Beginning. 37 38 21 . The Table of Nations. 38-39 % 2 . The Tower of Babel and the Dispersion. 39 a * 39 ^ xi xii OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. THIRD PERIOD, PATRIARCHAL. 23. Abraham’s Call and Wanderings . 40-41 24. Abraham’s settled Life in Canaan. 41-43 25. Career of Isaac. 43-45 26. The Wanderings of Jacob to the History of Joseph... 45-46 27. Jacob and Joseph to the Descent into Egypt. 46-47 FOURTH PERIOD, BONDAGE. 28. Descent and Settlement in Egypt. 48-49 29. The Sojourn in Egypt. 49-50 FIFTH PERIOD, WANDERINGS. 30. The Exodus. 51-53 31. The March to Sinai. 53-54 32. Doings at Sinai in the Book of Exodus . 54"56 33. Doings and Laws given at Sinai in Lev. and Num. i-ix. 56-57 34. From Sinai to the Arnon. 57-59 35. Conquests East of the Jordan. 59-61 36. Final Review and Death of Moses. 61-62 SIXTH PERIOD, CONQUEST. 37. The Entrance into Canaan .. 63-64 38. The Southern Campaign. 64-66 39. The Northern Campaign.... 66-67 40. Settlement of the Tribes. 67-69 41. Joshua’s Departure and Condition of the Land. 69-70 42. Supplementary to the Conquest. 7 °- 7 l SEVENTH PERIOD, JUDGES. 43. First three Oppressions and three Judges. 72-73 44. Canaanite and Midianite Oppressions. 73-75 45. Ammonite and Philistine Oppressions. 75”77 46. Ruth.. 77-78 47. Eli and the Fall of Shiloh. 78-80 48. Samuel as Judge and Ruler to the Accession of Saul.. 80-81 49. Samuel under a King, Saul. 81-83 EIGHTH PERIOD, KINGDOM. 50. Saul’s sane Career... 84-86 TABLE OF CONTENTS. • • • xui 51. Saul’s insane Career... 86-88 52. David's pre-regal Career. 88-90 53. David’s prosperous Reign. 9°-93 54. David’s calamitous Reign. 93-96 55. The Reign of Solomon. 96-99 56. Solomon’s Temple. 99-102 NINTH PERIOD, DUAL KINGDOM. 57. Dual religious Decline. « j Reign of Asa in Judah, ) { Destruction of three Dynasties in Israel, J. 59. Reign of the House of Omri of Israel.. 60. Reign of Jehoshaphat of Judah.. 61. The great Period of oral Prophets and oral Prophecy.. f- j Religious Decline in Judah, ) * ( Check to Idolatry in Israel, ). 63. Religious Decline and regal Prosperity. , i Anarchy in Israel, ) 4 * (Idolatry in Judah,) . 103-105 106-108 108-112 112-114 114-119 119-122 122-125 126-128 TENTH PERIOD, JUDAH ALONE. , j Reforms in Judah. ) I Downfall of Israel, J . 66. Hezekiah’s Reign after the Fall of Samaria. 67. Reigns of Manasseh and Amon. 68. Josiah’s Reign and Reform. 69. Decline under Jehoahaz and Jehoiakim. 70. Decline under Jehoiachin and Zedekiah.. 129-132 132-135 135-137 137-140 140-141 142-144 ELEVENTH PERIOD, THE EXILE. 71. Fall of Jerusalem... 145-147 72. Remnants in Palestine and Egypt.. 147-149 73. Babylonian Exile of the Jews. 149-151 TWELFTH PERIOD, RETURN. 74. Fall of Babylon. 152-153 75. The first Return. I 53 *i 54 76. Building of the second Temple. 155-156 77. Queen Esther. 156-157 xiv OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 78. Second Return—under Ezra.. 157-158 79. Third Return—Nehemiah...,. 158-160 80. General Review.... 160-161 APPENDIX. The Chronology of Judah and Israel. Section I. Dual Kingdom. 162-165 “ II. Judah alone. i 66 -i 67 “ III. Exile. 167-168 “ IV. Restoration. 169 “ V. Kings of Judah. 170 “ VI. Dynasties of Israel. 171 INDEXES. List of Works referred to. 172-178 Supplemental List. 179-184 Index of Names and Topics. 185-192 Index of Scripture Texts.,.,.. 193-202 INTRODUCTION. L WHY STUDY OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY? The doings and sayings of individuals and peo¬ ples constitute the basis of history. They are the elements which give character to any time or period. We must know the men, and the times, and the customs of any people before our judgment on the character of any period of that people’s history can be of real value. Their literature and religion are vitally connected with their daily life and activity; in fact, they grow out of the real life of the people. If we would understand their literature and religion, we must make a close study of their habits and cus¬ toms, in other words, of their history. This is as true of Old Testament as of secular history. The first and important work of every Bible student is to study the times and customs of the Bible, to bring up vividly before him the indi¬ vidual events of that history. For the doing of this work there are several important reasons: 1 2 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. a. Here are some of the oldest records of men. They give us an epitome of the world’s progress from creation down to the call of Abraham, and a condensed history of Abraham’s descendants down to the close of the fourth century before Christ. It is brief, but exceedingly comprehensive. It sweeps through centuries of important and epitomized events. b. It is a unique history of the oriental world that we have. It is not confined to one people, but is full of refer¬ ences to many and great peoples. In fact, it is the only trustworthy source of information regarding several of those almost prehistoric nations. It is the beaten track through oriental times, to which and from which numerous pathways lead. Taking it as starting-point, and making it our own, we shall have little difficulty in increasing our knowledge of the contemporaneous history of the surrounding peoples. c. It is the history of God’s people, Israel. Gen. i-xi. 9, is the biblical introduction to the history of Israel. With the call of Abraham the chosen people are set apart. From this point to the end of the Old Testament we are following Israel. They are the peculiar objects of care. Around them Je¬ hovah makes everything revolve. Other peoples are mentioned only in so far as they come in contact with, or are related to, the house of Jacob. The history of Israel is full of instruction, admonition* INTRODUCTION 3 encouragement, warning, promise and benediction to every one who will make of it a careful study. d. It is the soil out of which grew the prophetic and poetical writings of the Old Testament. It fur¬ nishes us the conditions of this growth and gives us the principles by which it was made. The prophetic utterances of the Old Testament are not isolated, but are vitally connected with some period and time. e. It is essential to any true method of interpret¬ ing the Old Testament. No one can understand the import, the full significance, of the words of the prophets without a reasonably complete knowl¬ edge of the times which called out their utterances Their prophecies and predictions cannot be under¬ stood without a comprehension of the times in which they grew up. The ignorance current regarding Old Testament History has been the most fruitful source of bad and false interpretations in this por¬ tion of Scripture. Out of isolated and disconnected passages, regardless of the historic background, men have woven theories, spiritualized and allegor¬ ized until, in many minds, the Old Testament is a mere jumble of uncertain sounds. On the other hand, the history gives us the events and the customs of the people which provoked the words of the prophet; it gives us the basis for his utterances, and the only true data by which we can rightly interpret his words. Old Testament history is the basis and 4 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. background of a correct interpretation of the Old Testament. /. It will be the means of confirming our faith in the Bible. A large number of contemporary wit¬ nesses rally from all the great nations about Israel and testify to their ancient existence, their beliefs, their characteristics and their part in the world of their day. Its statements are confirmed and re¬ affirmed by the discoveries in every portion of the Old Testament world. Its history is supplemented and complemented and corroborated until with re¬ newed strength and faith, we can affirm and main¬ tain its truth in the presence of every honest searcher after truth. g. It is the first part of our great revelation 9 the introduction to the coming of our Lord. It is a vital part of God’s revealed word. The Bible is one book. It must be studied as one book „ The Old Testament preceded the New, and prepared the way for it. It supplies material, types, illustrations and predictions for the New Testament It is essential to an understanding of the New Testament. In fact, without it the New Testament cannot be cor¬ rectly interpreted, II. BIBLICAL GEOGRAPHY. History is local. Historical events, to be well understood, must be localized. Events are depend- INTRODUCTION. 5 ent for many of their characteristics upon the topog¬ raphy of the places in which they occurred. The reader or student of history must associate the event with its geographical surroundings. This is the only sure method of fixing and firmly grasping a series of occurrences 0 The mind of man makes pictures —- puts things into groups. And these groups always have a background against which they should be seen. The background is the mountain, the plain or the plateau. Bible history has been too long suspended in mid¬ air. Much of the current ignorance of i ts facts has been due to a neglect of the study of the geography of Palestine and adjacent lands. In other words, the background of the picture was lacking; there was no local coloring. Readers and students ram¬ bled through a mass of chaotic facts, and brought out with them only a very general impression of all that they had seen. By a systematic and orderly study of the background, at the start, we shall be prepared to locate our events as they occur, and pin them to their proper places. An important essential to a proper understanding of Old Testament history is a knowledge of the lands of the Bible. These are Palestine, and all the lands which are prominently mentioned in con¬ nection with the nations of the Old Testament It has been found to be the most profitable introduction to the study of the history in the Old Testament 6 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Hence at this point this topic will be taken up and followed out with as much thoroughness of treatment as time and space will allow. Cf. Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, Preface. § 1 . THE OLD TESTAMENT WORLD. 1. Extent: a . by parallels; b . by miles; c 0 by sq. miles. 2. Chief bodies of water — seven: a . location; b, size; c« characteristics. 3. Principal mountain ranges -—six: a . location; extent and height; c. characteristics. 4. Main rivers —-six: a. source, direction and out* let; b. length and use. 5. Mountain countries — three : a. names and boundaries; b. contour and characteristics; c, principal cities. 6. Plain countries — five: a. names and bounda¬ ries; b . contour and characteristics; c. princi¬ pal cities. 7. Mediterranean coast lands — six: a. names and boundaries; b . contour and characteristics; principal cities. Suggestions : 1. Draw a map of the Old Testament world. 2. Make constant use of the map until the points become fixed in mind. 3. Locate from memory (1) the bodies of water, INTRODUCTION. 7 (2) mountain ranges, (3) rivers, and (4) the countries in each of these divisions. 4. Give the location of the ancient capital 01 principal city in each of the countries. 5. Thoroughly master this section before proceed¬ ing to the next. Literature ; Kent, Biblical Geography and History, Part i, Chaps. 1-7. Johnson, Biblical Wall Atlas. F. H. Re veil, Chi¬ cago and N. Y., 1889. Grove, Geo., Bible Atlas. New Bible Atlas, Religious Tract Society. Whitney, Hand-book of Bible Geography. Coleman, Historical Text-book and Atlas of Biblical Geography. Kennedy, Countries and Places mentioned in Bible History. Osborn, Biblical History and Geography-maps at end. Labberton, New Historical Atlas, cf. Plates ii-vii. $2. GEOGRAPHY OF PALESTINE. 1. Boundaries of Palestine proper. 2 . Extent: a . by parallels; b. by miles; c. area, (1) west of Jordan, (2) east of Jordan, (3) total; d. land of promise. s OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Origin and significance of its names: a. Canaan; ly Palestine; c. Holy Land. 4. Natural divisions of Palestine *—four parallels from North to South: a. plain by the Mediter¬ ranean Sea; b. mountain range; c. Jordan val- ley; d . eastern table-land. Size , divisions and characteristics of the mari¬ time plain : a . Phoenicia ; b. Esdraelon ; c. Sharon; d. Philistia. 60 Describe the mountain range , especially: a. lower Lebanon; b. hills of lower Galilee; c. hill country of Judea and Samaria; d . low hills; e o South country. f. Characteristics of the Jordan valley: a. its re¬ markable depression; b. its sudden fall; c. size and surroundings. 8. Eastern table-land: a % boundaries; b. contour; c. characteristics. Literature : Kent, Biblical Geography and History, Part i. Osborn, H. S., Map of Palestine (large or small). - Van de Velde, Map of the Holy Land. Survey Memoir : Western Palestine in 26 sheets on a scale of one inch to a mile. Best map made. Tristram, Palestine in its Physical Aspects. Dawson, Mod. Science in Bible Lands, chap. viii. Conder, Palestine, in ‘Great Explorer’ series. Robinson, Physical Geography of Palestine. INTRODUCTION, 9 Thomson, The Land and The Book, 3 vols., (new edition), N. Y. 1886. Stanley, Sinai and Palestine, chap. i-xi. Robinson, Biblical Researches in Palestine, 3 vols. Field, Among the Holy Hills, Huntington, E., Palestine and its Transformation, 1911. Wilson, Jno., Lands of the Bible. 2 vols. Merrill, East of the Jordan. N. Y., 1883. Schumacher, Across the Jordan. London, 1886. Tristram, The Land of Israel. London, 1886. “ Land of Moab. N. Y., 1873. Stewart, R. L., The Land of Israel. Mac Coun, T., The Holy Land in Geography and History, 2 vols. Baedeker, K., Palestine and Syria, 1906. §3. GEOGRAPHY OF PALESTINE — Continued. 1. Principal mountain peaks west of the Jordan — give ten: a. names; b. height; c. relative lo¬ cation. 2 . Principal points east of the Jordan — three: a, names; b. heights; c. relative position. 3. Plains of Palestine: a. Esdraelon; b. Sharon; c. Philistia; d. Jericho or Jordan; e. South country; f. Bashan. River of Palestine —Jordan: a. sources; b. fall between various points; c . length, width and 10 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. depth; d. entire fall; e. velocity; f. average per mile. 5. Brooks and wadies of Palestine : (1) east of Jor¬ dan— three; (2) west of Jordan and empty¬ ing into it — three; (3) flowing into the Mediterranean Sea—-three; a . names; b, size, length; c. territory drained; d. perpet¬ ual or perennial. 6. Lakes of Palestine — two: a. Merom (cf. Josh. xi. 5, 7); b. Chinnereth or Galilee (cf. Num. xxxiv. 11; Deut. iii. 17; Josh. xii. 3; xiii. 27); a, size; b. level; c. connection; d. use. 7. The sea of Palestine — (Salt, Gen. xiv. 3; of Arab ah, Deut. iii. 17; Eastern , Ezek. xlvii. 18; Joel ii. 20): a. size; b. depth; c. level; d. character of water; e. source of supply; f. outlet; g. its enclosure. 8. Characteristics of Palestine: a. seclusion from the rest of the world; b. smallness and nar¬ rowness of territory; c. central position, cf. 1 Kings x. 29; 2 Kings xxiii. 29. Literature: Additional to that given under §2: Ritter, Geography of Palestine, vol. ii. pp. 226- 336. Lynch, Expedition to the Jordan and Dead Sea. Wilson, E. L., In Scripture Lands, chaps, viii-xiv. Dawson, Egypt and Syria, chap. v. MacGregor, J., The Rob Roy on the Jordan, Nile and Red Sea. New York, 1870. INTRODUCTION. 11 Smith, G. A., Hist. Geog. of the Holy Land, 1895. St. Clair, Buried Cities and Bib. Countries, ch. ii. sec. 3. §4. NATURAL HISTORY OF PALESTINE. 1. Geological features: (i)a. sea coast; b. plains; c, mountain west of Jordan; d. mountain east of Jordan; e . Gilead; f. Hauran, Bashan; g, east of Dead Sea; (2) a . springs and foun¬ tains; b, sepulchres; c. caves; d. extinct voh canic remains. 2. Botanical features: (1) a. plains; b. hill coun* try west; c . hill country east; d . Bashan; e. Jordan valley; f. South country; (2) a . chief fruits; b. chief flowers; c. chief vegetables; d. chief grains. 3. Zoological features: (1 ) a. mammalia; A birds; c. reptiles; d. fishes; (2) a . chief domestic animals; b. chief wild animals; c. chief ven¬ omous reptiles. Literature: Kent, Biblical Geography and History, Part i. St. Clair, Buried Cities and Bible Countries, p. 88-120. Hull, Survey Memoir : “ Geology.” Hudleston, The Geology of Palestine. MacGregor, Rob-Roy on the Jordan. Dawson, Mod. Science in Bib. Lands, ch. viii, and app. iv. Dawson, Egypt and Syria, chaps, iv. and v. Groser, Trees and Plants of the Bible. 12 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Osborn, The Plants of the Bible. Tristram, Survey Memoir : “The Fauna and Flora.” Hart, Animals of the Bible. Rel. Tract Soc. Wood, Bible Animals. Bissell, Bible Antiquities, chap. v. $5. CLIMATE OF PALESTINE. 1. Seasons: a . Winter, Nov.-April, wet; b. summer, May—Oct., dewy and dr3>-. 2. Temperature: a . average in winter 49.i°; b . greatest cold 2 S Q ; c . average July and A ng. 78.4°; d. greatest heat 92 0 ; e. extreme range in year 52 0 ; f. mean annual 65. 6°; g. isothermal lines in U. S. A., across Florida and Southern California; h. at different times of the day; i. at various elevations. 3. Rain: a . time of greatest fall; b. time of least fall; c. mean annual fall; d. direction of ap¬ proach. 4. Winds: a. westerly in rainy seasons; b. easterly in winter; c. N. W. and S. in summer; d. sirocco. 5. Purity of the atmosphere . Literature: Tristram, Palestine in its Physical Aspects. “Palestine,” in Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible. St. Clair, Buried Cities and Bible Countries, pp.i 14-120 Robinson, Physical Geography of Palestine. INTRODUCTION. 13 $6, THE POLITICAL DIVISIONS OF PALESTINE. 1. Patriarchal period — down to descent into Egypt: a. low-lands — Canaanites, Phoeni¬ cians; b , highlands west—Amorites, Hivites, Jebusites, Hittites; c. highlands east— Moab¬ ites, Amorites, Ammonites. 2. Tribal period —- settlement of the tribes: (1) Tribes east of Jordan—two and one- half. (2) Tribes west of Jordan and south of half tribe of Manasseh—5. (3) Tribes west of Jordan and north of half tribe of Manasseh—4. a . name; b, bound; c . characterize each ter¬ ritory. 3. Regal period — Saul to fall of the kingdom: (1) United under Saul, David and Solo¬ mon. (2) Divided at disruption of the kingdom. a . Judah—Benjamin, Judah and Simeon. b . Israel—remaining ten tribes. c. comparative size of the two territories. 4. New Testament period — under Rome: (1) west of Jordan: a . Galilee; b. Sa¬ maria; c. Judea; (2) east of Jordan: a . south of brook Hieromax, Perea; b . north of brook Hieromax, Bashan. a. bound; b. give principal cities; c. charact er of the country. 14 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Draw an outline map of Palestine in each period. Locate the principal points and cities. Master these thoroughly. Literature: Kent, Biblical Geography and History, maps opp. pp. 73, 115, 127, 147, 168, 236. § 7 . THE CHIEF POINTS AND CITIES IN PALESTINE. 1. On sea coast: a. Joppa; £. Carmel; c. Tyre; a. locate; b. give importance of each. 2 . On the mountain range: a . Beersheba; b . He¬ bron; c. Jerusalem; d. Bethel; e . Samaria;/*. Shechem; g. Mt. Gilboa; h. Hazor. 3. In the Jordan valley: a . Jericho; b. Dan at sources of Jordan. 4. On eastern table land : a. Heshbon; b. Ra- moth Gilead; c. Mahanaim. Locate each of the above points in the divisions of Palestine in a . Patriarchal period; b. Tribal per¬ iod; c. Regal period; d. N. T. period. Make yourself master of the outlines and main points in Palestine before you leave them. Literature: Names of the places in Bible Dictionaries. Porter, Giant Cities of Bashan. INTRODUCTION. 15 §8. JERUSALEM. 1. Name in different periods : a. Jerusalem, before the conquest; b. in period of judges, Jebus, Judg. xix. io ; e. Jerusalem, in regal period ; d. in Christian times, Holy City ; e. now, El Khuds 1 the holy.’ 2. General location ( I ) politically: a . territory of Jebusites; b. in Benjamin; c. in Judah; d. in Judea; (2) geographically: a. 32 miles from Mediterranean; £.18 miles from Dead Sea; c. 20miles north of Hebron; d. 36 miles south of Samaria; e. 2600 feet above sea level. 3. Special location — (1) Valleys uniting at S. E. angle of city: a. Hinnom, from N. W.; b. Kidron or Jehoshaphat from N.; c. Tyro- poean from N. N. W.; (2) Mounts: a. Zion S. W. between Hinnom and Tyropcean; b. Moriah S. E. betweenTyropoean and Kidron; c . Acra N. of Zion; d. Bezetha N. of Moriah. Remark—Olivet is east of Jerusalem. 4. Sections of the City: a. upper city or Zion; b. lower city or Acra N. of Zion and W. of temple; c . Ophel, parks and gardens S. of Moriah; d . Moriah, N. of Ophel — con¬ tained the temple. 5. Size of the city : a. circumference; b. diameter; c. area ; d. elevation above the valleys on either side. 16 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 6 . History : a. fortress of Jebusites until David's capture of it (ca. 1000); b. capital of United Kingdom, and of Judah; c. sacked by Shi- shak in Rehoboam’s reign; d. sacked by Phil¬ istines and Arabians in reign of Jehoram; e. sacked by Joash of Israel in Amaziah’s reign; f. sacked by Nebuchadrezzar in reign of Jehoiakim (605); g. sacked by same king in reign of Jehoiachin (597); h. sacked and de¬ stroyed by Neb. in reign of Zedekiah (586); i. rebuilt about 536-520;/. walls built by Nehe- miah (445); k. sacked by Antiochus Epiph- anes (168 B. C.); l. destroyed by the Romans in A. D., 70; m. at present a city of about 20,000 inhabitants under rule of Great Britain. Literature: Thomson, Land and Book, vol. 1, pp. 412-567. Admirable description, maps and cuts. Survey Memoir: “Jerusalem” volume. Wilson and Warren, The Recovery of Jerusalem, New York, 1871. Besant and Palmer, Jerusalem, the City of Herod and Saladin, new edition, London, 1889. “Jerusalem” in Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible. Smith, Geo. Adam, Jerusalem: The Topography, Eco¬ nomics and History from the earliest times to A. D. 70, 1908. Merrill, Selah, Ancient Jerusalem, 1908. Paton, Jerusalem in Bible Times, 1908. Barton, Archaeology and the Bible, Part i, chap. xiii. n< PRODUCTION. 1? III. LITERATURE. THE BOOKS OF THE BIBLE. I. Z. 3 i. I. In General —a coincidence. The Bible contains sixty-six books. Isaiah contains sixty-six chapters. The Old Testament, thirty-nine books, is in geifc eral historical. The first section of Isaiah, thirty-nine chapters, is in general historical. The New Testament, twenty-seven books, is hs general doctrinal. The Second section of Isaiah, twenty-seven chap¬ ters, is in general doctrinal or evangelical. II. The Books of the Old Testament . Kinds of Literature in the Old Testament, his¬ torical, poetical, prophetical. tt. , . . ( Pentateuch - S on cal, ” - ( Other hist, books 12 2. Poetical, 3. Prophetical, 1 7 - 5 Major Prophets 5 Minor 12 1 7 Total, ■ - o n * o 39 § 10 . THE BOOKS AND CHAPTERS IN THE OLD TESTAMENT. Commit to memory the entire list of books in the 18 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Old Testament in their order, together with the number of chapters in each book. Follow the order under §9. Observe a few points: 1. In the Pentateuch: Gen. and Ex. contain chap¬ ters which are multiples of 10 (50 and 40); Lev. and Num. contain multiples of 9 (27 and 36). 2. In the twelve other historical books: a . Joshua and 2 Sam. contain each 24 chaps.; b. 1 Sam. contains same as Prov., 31 chaps.; c. 2 Chron. contains same as Num., 36 chaps.; d. Ezra and Esther contain each 10 chaps. 3. Major Prophets: Isaiah contains same numbef of chapters as the Bible does of books— sixty* six . 4. Commit to memory the Minor Prophets . Ho-Jo-Am Ob-Jo-Mi 1 Na-Ha-Ze Ha-Ze-Ma. 5. In General . Three chaps, are found in Joel, Nah., Hab.Zeph Four 41 44 44 Ten 44 44 44 Twelve 44 44 44 Fourteen 44 44 44 Twenty-four 44 44 44 Thirty-one 44 44 44 Thirty-six 44 44 44 44 Ruth, Jon. and Mai. 44 Ezra and Esther. 44 Eccl. and Dan. 44 Hos. and Zech. 44 Josh, and 2 Sam. 44 1 Sam. and Prov. 44 Num. and 2 Chron. Note— -Historical Books contain 436 chaps. Poetical ** ** 243 “ Prophetical “ *® 250 16 Total, 9*9 M INTRODUCTION. 19 §11. MODERATE GENERAL OUTFIT FOR THE STUDY OF OLD TESTAMENT HISTORYf. American Standard Revised Bible, i.e. Rev. Version. Kent, Biblical Geography and History, 19n. Geikie, Hours with the Bible, new edition. Pott, N. Y., 1895. Price, The Monuments and the Old Test., 1909. Josephus, Antiquities of the Jews. Stanley, History of the Jewish Church, 3 vols. Scrib¬ ner’s, N. Y. Thomson’s The Land and the Book, 3 vols. Har¬ pers, 1886. *Edersheim, Bible History, 7 vols. London. *Davis, A Dictionary of the Bible, 1 vol. or, *Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible, 1 vol. *By-Paths of Bible Knowledge, Religious Tract Soc., London. *Barton, Archaeology and the Bible, 1916. *Sanders, History of the Hebrews, 1914. *McCurdy, J. F., History, Prophecy and the Monu¬ ments, 3 vols. Macmillan Co., 1894- 1900. *Men of the Bible Series, 15 vols. Randolph, N. Y. Special works are cited in their appropriate places under Literature , and in List of Works, pp. 172-180. fThe unstarred works should be in the hands of every one; those starred are very useful and important, and should be consulted if possible. 20 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. IV. CHRONOLOGICAL* § 12 . PERIOD OF TIME COVERED BY THE BIBLE. 1. The Old Testament describes peoples and events from 4.004. to 400 B. C. , or about 3,600 years. 2 . The New Testament describes events from 4 B. C. to 100 A. D., or about 100 years. 3. Old Testament writings belong to a period from 1400 B. C. to 400 B. C., or about 1,000 years. 4. New Testament writings belong to a period from about 30 to 100 A. D. y or about 30 years. *The chronology of Archbishop Ussher is adopted down to the Division of the Kingdom, simply for convenience. See Appendix. §13. PERIODS OF OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY B. C. This division seems to be a perfectly natural one, and such as will commend itself to the student. i. Ante-diluvian, 4004-2348. Creation of Man to the Deluge. ii. Post-diluvian , 2348-1921. Deluge to the call of Abraham. iii. Patriarchaly 1921-1706. Call of Abraham to the Descent into Egypt. iv. Egyptian, 1706-1491. Descent into Egypt to the Exodus. v. Wanderings , 1491-1451. Exodus to Crossing of Jordan. vi. Conquesty 1451-1400. Crossing of Jordan to Appointment of Judges. INTRODUCTION. 21 vii. Judges, 1400-ca. 1050. Appointment of Judges to Establishment of Kingdom, viii. Kingdom , ca. 1050-931. Establishment of Kingdom to Division of Kingdom, ix. Dual Kingdom , 931-722. Division of King¬ dom to Fall of Samaria. x. Judah alone , 722-586. Fall of Samaria to Fall of Jerusalem. xi. Captivity—Exile , 586-538. Fall of Jerusalem to Fall of Babylon. xii. Restoratioii , 538-432. Fall of Babylon to the close of Nehemiah’s career. Remark. —Spare no pains to fix these periods firmly in mind. They are absolutely essential to a firm grasp of the outlines of Old Testament History. SYLLABUS OF Old Testament History. FIRST PERIOD. ANTE-DILUVIAN. CREATION OF MAN TO THE DELUGE, 4004-2348 B.C. §14. THE CREATION—GEN. I.-II. 3. r. Introduction , i. 1-2: a. in beginning God created the universe; b . all was chaos; c. spirit of God brooded over it. 2. First day , i. 3-5: a. appearance of (cosmic) light; b. called day; c. darkness called night . 3. Second day , i. 6-8: organization of the heavens: a. expanse formed with water (clouds and mists) above and waters beneath; b. called heavens. 4. Third day, i. 9-13: 1) land appears: a . waters collected and dry land appears; b. land called earth , waters seas; 2) vegetable life: a. seed¬ bearing herbs; b. fruit-trees,—these two were the first forms of life. 23 24 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 5. Fourth day , i. 14-19: solar light: a. first ap¬ pearance (to one standing upon the earth) of the heavenly bodies; b. to separate day and night; c. to indicate seasons, days and years. 6. Fifth day , i. 20-23: creation of lower animals: a. God created ‘great long things’; b. living beings in water; thirds in the heavens; d\ commands all, “be fruitful and multiply.” 7. Sixth day , i. 24-31: 1) higher land animals: a. cattle; b. creeping things of the ground; 2) creation of man: a . God created man in his own image; b. created male and female; c. blessed them; d. commanded, “be fruitful and multiply” ; e. have dominion over all creatures; f. live on vegetation. God pronounced all his creation “very good ” B. Seventh day , ii. 1-3: a. work complete ; b. God rested (from activity in creation); c. blessed the seventh day and hallowed it. 9. Note and give the distinct advance in each suc¬ cessive period (day). 10. Genesis i.-ii. 3 and Geology—how far can they be harmonized ? Guyot. 31. The age of the world: a . until the creation of man; b. since man’s creation. Geikie vol. i. 6. 12 . Ancient legends of creation. Geikie vol.i. 3. 13. Seventh day: a . present period of God’s rest from activity in creation; b. relation to man’s seventh day. ANTE-DILUVIAN. 25 14. Object of Gen. i.-ii. j: a. God is creator of all things; b. God prepared all things for man; c. God put man at the summit of creation; d. God gave man dominion over all living things, cf. Ps. viii. 6-8. 15. Beginnings in this section: a. solar system; b. all vegetable and animal life; c. man and wo¬ man; d. Sabbath. Remark .—Learn carefully the work of each day, and note the threefold occurence of “ creation. 5 ’ Literature : Geikie, vol. i. chaps. 3-5. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 60- 65. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 1. Ball, C. J., Light from the East, pp. 1-21. Dawson, The Origin of the World. Davis, Genesis and Semitic Tradition, chaps. 1-3. Ryle, Early Narratives of Genesis, chaps. 1 and 2. Jastrow, Hebrew and Babyl. Traditions, chaps. 2 and 3. Lenormant, Beginnings of History, chap. 1. Guyot, Creation; and review of same by Prof. Dana in Bib. Sac., vol. xlii. pp. 201-224. Barton, Arch, and the Bible, part ii, chaps 1-3. §15. EDEN.-GEN. II. 4-25. I. Introduction , ii. 4-6: a. not a second account ot creation; b. but an account of the preparation of the earth for man; c. introductory to a des¬ cription of (1) man’s true relation to his Maker, (2) his relation to the vegetable and animal world, (3) his relation to woman. 26 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 2. Man in distinction from animals , i. 26-27; 2 - 7 *« a . created in the image of God he thus pos¬ sessed: (1) immortality‘a living soul’; (2) in¬ telligence; (3)*conscience; (4) personality; (5) will; (6) affections; (7) moral righteousness; b . had dominion over all the earth. 3. Location of Eden, ii. 8-14: 1) Bible account: a . near the Tigris and Euphrates, Pishon and Gihon rivers; b. first two known, second two were probably canals, similar names of such water-courses having been found; c. a tablet discovered in Babylonia in 1885, reads “Sippar in Eden;” 2) other views of its site: a . Armenia; b. North Pole# 4. Gods purposesfor Adam , ii. 15-20: a . put him in the garden (Eden) “to dress it and to keep it;” b. to eat of every tree of the garden, except ‘the tree of the knowledge of good and evil;’ c . to study and name “every beast of the field” which ‘Jehovah God had (already) formed’ ‘ out of the ground;’ d. to have and hold in his purity intimate communion with his Maker. 5. Origin and purpose of woman , ii. 21-25: a . “ taken out of man;” 5 . to be a help meet for man; c. establishing the significance of the marital relation; d. God’s word, “Therefore shall a man leave his father and his mother and shall cleave unto his wife” (vs. 24); e, Christ’s words, Matt. xix. 4-6. ANTE-DILUVIAN. 27 6 . Different interpretations of this chapter . 7. Traditions of man’s creation. Geikie, vol. 1. & 8. Antiquity of man. Dawson, Geikie. 9. Beginnings in chap. ii. 4-25: a. work for man, (vs. 15); h. prohibition (vs. 17); c. naming of animal creation; d. language; e. object of woman; f primitive purity. Literature : Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chaps. 6 and 7. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, § 66. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 1. Mitchell, World before Abraham, pp. 115-123; 136- 141. Lenormant, Beginnings, chap. 2. Dawson, Mod. Science in Bib. Lands, chaps, iii.-iv. Delitzsch, Wo lag das Paradies? Davis, Gen. and Sem. Tradition, chaps. 4 and 5. Ryle, Early Narratives of Gen., chaps. 4 and 5. §l6. THE TEMPTATION AND THE FALL.—GEN. III. 1. The work of the serpent , vss. 1-5: a. cast doubt into the mind of the woman; b. denied the re¬ sults threatened by God; c. promised addi¬ tional wisdom—“ye shall be as God knowing good and evil.” 2. The actions of Eve and Adam , vss. 6-8: a. as the serpent advised, Eve eats of the fruit (of the “tree of good and evil”) and gives to Adam; b. “eyes were opened”—disobedience gave birth to shame; c. sin could not face God— “they hid themselves.” 28 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Examination by God , vss. 9-13*: a. God found them; b. reason for hiding given without in¬ quiry; c. disobedience heaps the blame upon another ; d. traced to the serpent. 4. Sentences pronounced, vss. 14-19: a. serpent, cursed to crawl; b. seed of the serpent and seed of the woman to be at enmity perpetually; c. woman, to bear children in sorrow and be sub¬ ject to her husband; d - man, to toil for bread, to return to dust 5. Further results, vss. 20-24: a. woman named Eve; b. two clothed (with skins of animals, sacrificed or eaten?); c. expelled from the gar¬ den; d. guard to prevent approach to “the tree of life:” 1) cherubim, a symbol, cf. Ex. xxv. 18-22; Ps. lxxx. 1; Ezek. x. 18; 2) flame of a sword, a symbol, cf. Ps. vii. 12-13; ^ sa * xxxiv. 5-6; Zeph. ii. 12. 6. The serpent in the Bible: a. symbol of wisdom, Matt. x. 16; b. a sly enemy, Gen. xlix. 17; 2 Cor. xi. 9; c. a venomous enemy, Ps. Iviii. 4; Amos v. 19; 1 Cor. x. 9; d. the devil himself, Rev. xii. 9, xx. 2; e. and his followers, Matt, xxiii. 33; 1 John iii. 8, etc. 7. The death resulting from disobedience ; a. physi¬ cal death (vs. 19), seeds of decay set to work; a perfect body containing immortal possibili¬ ties and true to God would not have died; b. spiritual death, Rom. v. 12-21. ANTE-DILUVIAN. 29 8. A gleam of hope for the first disobedients, vs. 15: a. a seed promised before the sentence is uttered; b. this seed to bruise with its heel the head (the vital part) of the serpent; c . a just inference is the victory of the bruiser. Note “seed of the woman,” in Isa, vii. 14 and Matt, i. 23. 9. Interpretations of this chapter: a . mythical; 3 . allegorical; c . historical. 10. Traditions of these events among other nations. Lenormant, chap. 3. Davis, Sem. Trad., ch. 6-8. 11. Beginnings in chap. Hi.: a. disobedience, sin; b. shame; c. cursing; d. sorrow; e. toil \f. phys¬ ical death; g. clothing; h. promise of a Re¬ deemer. Literature : Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 8. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 1. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 67, 68. Barton, Arch, and the Bible, part ii, chap 4. Milton, John, Paradise Lost. §17. CAIN AND HIS DESCENDANTS.—-GEN. IV. I. Cain and Abel, and their offerings, vss. 1-5 a: a. birth of the boys; b. occupation, (1) Cain “a tiller of the ground,” (2) Abel, “a keeper of hocks;” c. offerings, (1) Cain’s, “fruit of the ground,” (2) Abel’s, “firstlings and fat thereof”, (sacrifice ?). 30 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 2. Jehovah's attitude , vss. \b-$a: a. Abel and his offering accepted; b. Cain and his offering rejected; c. faith in God made the difference, Heb. xi. 4. 3. Cain s wrath and murder of Abel, vss. 53-10: a. wrath and countenance fallen; b . Jehovah’s re¬ buke and statement of a great principle; c. Cain slays Abel; d. the culmination of the first disobedience, Cain’s formalism, jealousy and wrath; e. first mutilation of God’s own creature. 4. Punishment of Cain,vs§. 10-15: a. murder fol¬ lowed by lying; b. shed-blood reveals the fact (Isa. xxvi. 21); c . Cain cursed by Jehovah; d. also to be “a fugitive and a wanderer in the earth;” e. weight of the punishment ; f sign set to save Cain from a violent death. 5. Cain “ in the land of wandering ” (Nod), vss. 16-18: a . exiled from the presence of Jehovah; 3, his wife was probably his sister—custom not unknown in early times (cf. Gen. xx. 12); c , Enoch, his son, built the first city, and named it. 6. Lamech and the origin of the arts , vss. 19-22: a. a bigamist; b. Jabal, father of nomads and shepherds; c. Jubal, father of musicians on stringed and wind instruments; d« Tubal-cain, an instructor of every bronze and iron-worker, making cutting instruments (of war and agri¬ culture). 7. Lamech's song , vss. 23-24: a . first Hebrew poetry, (consisting neither of rhyme nor of metre, but ANTE-DILUVIAN. 31 of parallelism in thought); b. intimations of violence in the land. 8. Instead ofAbel, vss: 25-26: a. Seth is born; b. his descendants call upon the name of Jehovah. 9. Traditions of a first murder among other peoples. Lenormant. xo. Beginnings in chapter iv.: a. offerings—sacrifice; b . murder; c. city; d. polygamy; e . arts ;f poetry; g. calling on Jehovah* Literature : Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 9. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 2. Mitchell, World before Abraham, pp. 159-168. Worcester, Gen. in Light Mod. Knowl., chap. 13* Lenormant, Beginnings, chaps. 4 and 5. Davis, Gen. and Sem. Trad., chap. 9. Ryle, Early Narratives of Gen., chap. 5. §18. SETH AND HIS DESCENDANTS.—GEN. V. 1. Introduction , vss. 1-2: restatement of (1) man’s creation, (2) as male and female. 2. Ten generations from Adam to Noah , vss. 3-32: a. note the tri-verse method of presenting the facts in connection with each chief; b. excep¬ tional expressions concerning Enoch(cf. apocry¬ phal book of Enoch); c. special mention made of Noah’s significances. 3. Compare the names of Cain's {iv, 18-22.) and Seth's descendants: a. noting similarities in OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. names and meanings; b . noting variance in their number and their dissimilarities. 4. Variations in the versions in the length of time be • tween Adam and the deluge : a . Hebrew gives 0:656 years; b. Samaritan gives 1307 years; c. Septuagint gives 2242 years; d. due probably to different methods of reckoning time; e. other explanations? 5. Longevity among Old Testament peoples: a. ante-diluvian period, 969 to 365 years, Gen. v. 5-31; b . post-diluvian period, 600 to 148 years (xi. 10-25); c * patriarchal, Mosaic times, 180 120 years (Gen. xxxv. 28; xxv. 7; xlvii. 28; Deut. xxxiv. 7); d. later Old Testament times, about 80 years (cf. Ps. xc. 10). 6. Explanations for such variant longevity ; a. errors in the computations of scribes; b. supposable difference in the early methods of reckoning time, counting moons or seasons as years; c. the time covers the life, not of a man, but of the tribe over which he is head; d. man’s originally perfect body yielded slowly to the seeds of decay. 7. Enoch a prophet: a. Jude 14; b . translated as Elijah (vs. 24, cf, 2 Kings ii. 11). 8 . Similar genealogies among other peoples . See Lenormant. Literature : Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 9. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 2, sec. ANTE—DILUVIAN 33 Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 3 and 4. Mitchell, World before Abraham, pp. 168-190. Lenormant, Beginnings, chap. 6. Ryle, Early Narratives of Gen., chap. 6. Article on “ Chronology of the Old Test.” in Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible* Green, Pre-Abrahamic Chronology, The Independent 1891, p. 897. Driver, Genesis, pp. 68, 72-74. Barton, Arch, and the Bible, part ii, chap 5. SECOND PERIOD. POST-DILUVIAN. DELUGE TO CALL OF ABRAHAM. B. C. 2348-1921. §19. THE DELUGE.-GEN. VI.-VIII. I4. 1. Introduction , cause , vi. 1-12: a . “Sons of God’ 1 (Sethites) and “ daughters of men ” (Cainites) commingled and became corrupt; A Jehovah says: “My spirit shall not abide in mankind forever, for in their going astray they (have become) flesh” (cf. §16. 7 -a.); c. the highest limit to life shall be 120 years; d. “it repented Jehovah:” (1) repentance on man’s part is sor¬ row for self-committed sins, (2) repentance on God’s part is sorrow, grief for sin seen in others (cf. 1 Sam. xv. 29); e. determination to “blot out man.from the face of the ground”; f but Noah found favor in the eyes of Jehovah. 2. The ark, vi. 13-22: a. materials; b. dimensions; c. form; d. purpose; e. possibility of containing all that should be saved. 3. The time of entering and contents , vii. 1-16: a . 600th year, 2d month, 10th day of Noah’s life they went in; b. of clean beasts and fowls, four¬ teen of each, of unclean, two went in; c . food for all these, (vi. 21); d. eight persons. 34 POST-DILUVIAN. 35 4. The duration of the deluge , vii. 17— -viii. 14: a. fountains of the great deep broken up in the 600th year, 2d month, 17th day of Noah’s life; b. rain poured 40 days and 40 nights; c. waters increased and reached their highest point by 150 days (vii. 24 and viii. 3); d. ark rested on 7th month, 17th day on the mountains of Ararat; e , mountains seen on 10th month, 10th day; f. birds sent out; g. Noah removed the covering; 601 st year, 1st month, 1st day; h. they leave the craft in 601st year, 2d month, 27th day thereof —whole duration, 375 days. 5. The extent of the deluge: I. for its universality: a . the language of chap. vi. 17; vii. 4, 19, 21, 23; but (1) “earth” was used (a) of Palestine alone, Joel i. 2; Ps. xliv. 3; ( b ) of a field, Ex. xxiii. 10; (2) limitations (a) in Acts ii. 5: “every nation under heaven;” ( 3 ) cf. Pom. i. 8: “throughout the whole (known) world;” ( c ) cf. Matt. xii. 42: “the queen of the south came from the ends of the earth;” b. the common tradition among all peoples; but , this only strengthens the view that all peoples are the offspring of one pair. II. against its universality: a. scientific difficulties: (1) amount of water required, would disarrange the solar system; (2) vegetation would perish in such continued submergence; (3) fish would not survive in foreign waters; b. practical difficul¬ ties: (1) collecting of such animals as the sloth, 36 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY* polar bear and kangaroo; (2) preservation o! 120,000 kinds of insects; (3) preservation of 100,000 species of plants; c. physical eviden¬ ces: (1) undisturbed volcanic remains at Au¬ vergne, France; (2) certified age of trees in Mexico and Senegal; d . probable similar geo- logic movements in the past; e. the real pur¬ pose of the deluge, see No. 6. 6 . The furfose of the deluge: to destroy the un¬ godly from the face of the earth, cf. vi. 7; Matt, xxiv. 38-39; 2 Pet. ii. 5. 7. Have we two Biblical accounts of the deluge? 8. The Babylonian account: a. give its similarities to the Biblical account; b. give its dissimilari¬ ties; c. the chief characteristics of each. 9. Other noteworthy traditions of the deluge: a. Greek; b. Scandinavian; c . Iranian; d, Cym« ric; e. Indian. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chaps. 10 and 11. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 69-74. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 5 and 6. Lenormant, Beginnings, chaps. 7 and 8, and App. V. Dawson, The Historical Deluge, 1895. Davis, Gen. and Sem. Tradition, chaps. IO-I2. Ryle, Early Narratives of Genesis, chap. Barton, Arch, and Bible, part ii., chaps. 6 and 7. Mitchell, World before Abraham, pp. 190-227. Driver, Genesis, pp. 82-108. Jastrow, Heb. and Babyl. Traditions, Appendix.l POST-DILUVIAN. 37 §20. THE SECOND BEGINNING—GEN. VIII. 15—IX. 1. Events immediately upon landing: a . first altar; b, sacrifice; c. divine promise; d . blessing; e . command to multiply. 2. All living things -put under man's surveillance : a . to command; b . to use for food. 3. Capital punishment established , blood for blood . 4. Covenant on God's part: a . not to cut off all life again with a flood; b . the bow in the clouds to be the token of this covenant. 5. Noah's shame: a . a husbandman; b. was drunken; c . Ham’s disrespect; d . regard of Shem and Japheth. 6. Noah's wrath and prophecy: a . against Ham’s son, Canaan, probably because he particularly embodied and was to perpetuate the spirit of his father, (cf. Deut. xx. 17); b. blesses Jeho¬ vah, God of Shem, (the Jews), Canaan to be his servant; c . may God enlarge Japheth (Aryan peoples), and may he (Japheth) enjoy the hospitalities of Shem, (including service to his God), and may Canaan serve him; d. ob¬ serve (1) wrath begins and ends the utterance, (2) Canaan the lowest of servants is to be ser¬ vant to all, (3) that this prediction receives a re¬ markable fulfillment in history. 7. Age and death of Noah: 930 years, 350 after the deluge. 8. Beginnings in this section: a . new race; b . altar; c, bloody sacrifice; d. capital punishment; e. 38 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. flesh for food; f promise by nature—bow in the cloud; g. drunkenness; h. prediction by man. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 12 in part. Blaikie, Manual, chap. li. sec. 4. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap, 7. Mitchell, World before Abraham, pp. 228-233. Driver, Genesis, pp. in, 112. Orelli, Old Testament Prophecy, pp. 95-103. Ryle, Early Narratives of Genesis, pp. 119-123, Barton, Arch, and the Bible, part ii., chap 8. §2lo THE TABLE OF NATIONS—GEN C X. The most complete and exact table known. 1. Does it speak of individuals or of nations? a. sons =tribe; b. used in the plural; c. single names used as nations in the Bible, in Ezek. xxvii. 7-15 ; xxxviii. 2-6. 2 . It is geographical rather than ethnological . The northern zone , locate and identify the sons of fapheth : a. Armenia; b. Media; c. Asia Minor; d. Cyprus; e . Greece in Europe, f. The Southern Zone , locate and identify the sons of Hayn: a . Cush,* southern Babylonia, south¬ ern and southwestern coast of Arabia, and Ethiopia; b. Mizraim (Egypt), northern Egypt, *Nimrod, son of Cush, founded a great empire. He built Babel, Erech, Accad and Calneh. From this, Asshur migrated northwards and founded Assyria, (Mic. v. 6.) POST-DILUVIAN. 39 from Cairo to the sea, peoples along the shores of Med. Sea; c. Phut (cf. Jer. xlvi. 9; Ezek. xxvii. 10 1 xxx. 5); d. Canaan, eastern coast of Med. Sea, Phoenicians, Hittites, Canaanites, etc. 5. The middle zone , locate and identify the sons of Shem : a. Elam (highlands) east of Babylonia with its capital at Shushan ; b. Ass'hur, Assyria on the upper Tigris river; c. Arpachshad, one of his posterity, Joktan, settles in southern and western Arabia; d. Lud, Lydians (?) in Asia Minor; e. Aram, western Mesopotamia and Syria. 6. Note the omissions: a. no descendants of Phut, son of Ham; b. no descendants of Elam, As- shur or Lud, sons of Shem; c. the descendants of Peleg, ancestor of the Hebrews, are reserved for a later table (Gen. xi. 18 sq.). 7. Source and direction of early migrations : from central south-western Asia east, west and south. 7. Scientific evidences of racial affinity and unity : a. physiognomy; b. physiology; c. language; d. psychology; e. religious nature. Literature : Sayce, Races of O. T., chap. 3. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, § 75. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 8. Cave, Inspiration of the Old Testament, lec. 3. Ball, C. J., Light from the East, pp. 134-9. Hurlbut, Man. of Bib. Geog., pp. 23-27. Davis, Gen. and Sem. Trad., chap. 13. 39a OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Schrader, E., Cuneiform Inscriptions and die Old Testament, vol. 1. pp. 61-103. Sayce, Higher Crit. and Monuments, pp. 119-152. Ryle, Early Narratives of Gen., chap. 8. §22. THE TOWER OF BABEL AND THE DISPERSION. GEN. XI. I- 9 . 1. Why does this follow chapter x,f having indi¬ cated the separate locations of the race, the writer now tells how the separation occurred. 2. The -power of the post-diluvian race : a. one people with one language \ b. in a most fruitful valley; c. with one purpose (vs. 6). 3„ Location of the event: a . “in the land ofShinar” b. where bricks were used for stone, and bitu¬ men for mortar; c. in lower Babylonia. 4. Purpose of the tower : a. to be a national rallying point (vs. 4); b . to be a monument to their skill; c. probably to become a center of rebel¬ lion against Jehovah (vs. 6). 5. God ’5 means of stopping the building: a. confusion cf the language (disease of the mouth?), thereby scattering the peoples. 6 . Traditions of a similar event among other peoples: a. Egypt; b. Babylon; c. Greece. 7. 4 'Birs-JVimroud ’ ’ probably identical with the an¬ cient tower of Babel. See Rawlinson. 8. Was the origin of different languages due to a miracle ? POST-DILUVIAN. 39b Rem. On the value of all these ethnic traditions, cf. Cave, Inspiration of the Old Testament, pp. 89-103. Literature : Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 17. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 3, sec. 2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chap. 8. Mitchell, World before Abraham, pp. 265-71. Schrader, Cun. Ins. and O. T., vol. i. pp. 103-114. Smith, Chaldean Genesis, p. 160 sq. Lenormant, Langue Primitive de la Chaldee. Rawlinson, Ancient Monarchies, vol. i. p. 21. for Birs Nimroud. Davis, Gen. and Sem. Tradition, chap. 14. Worcester, Gen. in Light Mod. Knowl., chap. 22. THIRD PERIOD. PATRIARCHAL. CALL OF ABRAHAM TO DESCENT INTO EGYPT. B. C. 1921-1706. § 23 . ABRAHAM’S CALL AND WANDERINGS—GEN. XL 10—XIII. l 8 . 1. Descendant of Shem—’Ki. 10-26. 2 . First remove , from Ur of Chaldees —xi. 27-32: a . location; b . population; c. associates; d. religion, Josh. xxiv. 2, 14. 3. Second remove, from Haran —xii. 1-4: a . loca¬ tion; b. associates; c. promise of God. 4. First journey through Canaan — xii. 5 ~ 9 : a - builds altar in Shechem,promise to Abraham’s seed; b. Bethel, an altar built, calls on the name of Jehovah; c . South country. 5. Sojourning in Egypt —xii. 10-20: a. famine drives him thence; b. deception of Pharaoh; c. plagues on Pharaoh; d. Abraham treated kindly—why? 6. Return to Canaan— xiii. 1-4: a . companions and wealth; b. South country; c. Bethel, old altar, calls of Jehovah. 7. Separation of Abraham and Z0/—xiii.5 sq.tf.great- ness of herds; b. strife of herdsmen; c . Lot 40 PATRIARCHAL. 41 takes circle of Jordan; d. Abraham takes Ca¬ naan (probably the hill-country); promise repeated to Abraham; f. Abraham removes to Oaks of Mamre, builds an altar there. 8 . Contemporaneous history: a. Ur of Chaldees; b, at Haran; c. in Canaan; d. in Egypt. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chaps. 13-16. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 76, 77. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 10 and II. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., §§ 100-105. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. I and 2. Hurlbut, Man. of Bib. Geog., pp. 33— 35* Tomkins, Abraham and his Age, chaps. 1-12. Mozley, Lectures on O. T., Lee. 1. Barton, Arch, and the Bible, part ii., chap 9. Ball, C. J., Light from the East, pp. 73-82. Sayce, The Egypt of the Hebrews, chap. 1. Loftus, Chaldsea and Susiana, pp. 128-134. ^ 24 . ABRAHAM’S SETTLED LIFE IN CANAAN— GEN. XIV—XXIII. E. Invasion by the kings of the East —xiv. 1-17:0. subdued territory; b. years of subjection and revolt; c. territory invaded; d. disaster to the cities of the plain; e. Abraham’s pursuit and victory. 2. Melchizedek —xiv. 18-20: a. office; b. blessing upon Abraham; c. tithe observed (origin?); d . who was Melchizedek?—cf. Heb. vii. 1-11. 42 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Abraham? s vision-— xv: a. seed to be as stars of heaven; b. believed Jehovah—righteous¬ ness, vs. 6; c. sacrifice and vision, seed in bondage 400 years; d. to possess from river of Egypt to the great river. 4. Story of Hagar —xvi: a. Egyptian hand-maid; b. flees to the wilderness; c. first mention of the Angel of Jehovah —promise to Hagar; d. return and birth of Ishmael. 5. Renewed promise and rite of circumcision —xvii— xviii. 15 : a. great seed and possession of Ca¬ naan; b. rite of circumcision established in Israel, (found among other peoples?); c , ap¬ pearance of three angels, their errand. 6. Fate of Sodom —xviii. 16—xix. 38: announced by three angels; b. Abraham’s plea; c. two angelic guests of Lot; d . Sodomites charge on his house, blindness; e. early escape of Lot and family; f. fate of Lot’s wife; g. city destroyed by fire and brimstone (explain); h . Lot’s incestuous posterity. 7. Abraham and Abimelech —-xx—xxi. 21 : a. Abra¬ ham deceives Abimelech; b. Abimelech’s vision; c. kind treatment of Abraham; d. birth of Isaac; e . expulsion of Hagar and Ishmael; f distress of Hagar; g. covenant between Abraham and Abimelech; k % origin of Beer-sheba. PATRIARCHAL. 43 8 . Sacrifice of Isaac — xxii: a. to prove Abraham; A journey; c. locality (Moriah); d. tragedy averted by substitute; e. promise renewed. Note —Human sacrifices, prevalence in Old Test, times; cf. Sunday School Times, Feb. 19, 1887; Mozley, Lee. 3; Kalisch, Com. on Lev. i, pp. 323-396. 9. Death and burial of Sarah- —xxiii: a. aged 127 years; b. Abraham bought the cave of Mach- pelah from aHittite; c. Sarah buried therein. 10. Character of Abraham: a. faithful to God and man; b. skilled in business; c. self-possessed and generous; d. exemplary patriarch in every way. 11. Contemporaneous History: a. in the East; b. Hittites; c. Philistines. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 17. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, § 78. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 12-14. Tomkins, Abraham and his Age, chaps. 13, 14. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 1 and 2 in part. Cun. Inscrip, and Old Test., vol. i. pp. 120-123. Sayce, Patriarchal Palestine, chaps. 1-4. Sayce, Higher Crit. and Mon., pp. 158-94. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., §§ 106-114. $ 25 . CAREER OF ISAAC— GEN. XXIV—XXVIII. 9; XXXV. 28. I. Finding of Rebekah —xxiv: a. oath of the ser¬ vant; b. journey to Mesopotamia; c . kin of 44 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Nahor, Abraham’s brother; d. return with Rebekah; she meets Isaac. 2. Last days of Abraham— xxv. i—11: a. another wife and posterity; b. death and burial in Machpelah. 3. Isaac's sons, Jacob and Esau —xxv. 19-34; xxvi. 34, 35: a. character of the boys; b. birthright of Esau sold to Jacob; c. Esau’s wives—Hittites. 4. Isaac in Gerar —xxvi: a. famine in Canaan; b. Jehovah’s promise, warned against Egypt; c . deceives men of Gerar; d . strife over the wells at Gerar; e. oath and peace. 5. Isaac's blessing stolen by Jacob —xxvii: a . Isaac's request for venison; b. Rebekah’s intrigue for Jacob; c. Jacob’s success and blessing; d. Esau’s grief; e. Jacob sent to Paddan- aram for a wife. 6 . Isaac's death and burial —xxxv. 28, 29: a. after Jacob’s return; b. buried by both Jacob and Esau. 7. Isaac's character: a. faith in God; b . retiring; c . not forceful; d. submissive, peaceful. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 18. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 4, sec. 2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 15 and 16. Hastings, Diet, on Isaac, Jacob and Esau. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 2, last part PATRIARCHAL. 45 Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Isaac and IshmaeL Rawlinson, Isaac and Jacob, pp. 1-69. § 26 . THE WANDERINGS OF JACOB TO THE STORY OF JOSEPH — GEN. XXVIII. I O—XXXV. 27 . 1. Flight to Haran — xxviii. 10-22: a. vision at Bethel; b. pillar set up; c. vow to Jehovah —tithe (cf. xiv. 20). 2. Sojourn with Laban , his uncle — xxix. I— xxxi. 16: a. shepherd; b. service for Rachel and Leah; c. Laban’s deceit; d. Jacob’s children, (xxxv. 23-26); e. Jacob’s shrewdness in caring for the flock; f. his wealth. 3. Jacob's jlight from Laban —xxxi. 17-5 5 • a • un- awares, he leaves with his all; b. pursuit by Laban; c. Jacob overtaken in Gilead; d. vain search for the teraphim; e. “heap of wit¬ ness” set up; /. peaceful separation. 4. Esau ahead —xxxii—xxxiii. 17: a. messengers to Esau; b. their return, report, and prayer of Jacob; c. present sent to Esau; ^.division of families and flocks; e. wrestling with the angel at Penuel and Jacob named Israel; f. joyful meeting with Esau; g. Esau receives presents and returns in peace. Note— Esau's posterity is given in chap, xxxvi. 5. Jacob at Shechem —xxxiii. 18—xxxiv. 31: a. bought ground; b. built an altar; c. Dinah disgraced; d. design of Jacob's sons, and despoiling of Shechem. 46 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY, 6. Jacob at Bethel —xxxv. 1-20: a. all strange gods to be put away; b. Bethel reached; c. De¬ borah dies; d. renewed promise; e. birth of Benjamin and death of Rachel on way to Ephrath. 7. Characteristics of Jacob and Esau. 8. Co7itrast the characters of Abraham and Jacob. 9. Give outline of Jacob's journeyings. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap, 18 in part. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 4, sec. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 16-18. Humphrey, Sacred History, chaps. 24 and 25» Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 3. Smith, O. T. History, chap. 8. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on Jacob , Esau } Leak and Rachel , Judah. Barton, Arch, and the Bible, part ii., chap 10. Rawlinson, Isaac and Jacob, pp. 70-136. Tomkins, Times of Joseph, chaps, i. and ii. §27. JACOB AND JOSEPH TO DESCENT INTO EGYPT —GEN. XXXVII—XLV. 1. Joseph's sale to the Midianites —xxxvii: a. age of Joseph; b. Joseph’s two dreams; c . visit to his brethren; d. disposal of him, pit, sale; e . caravan routes. 2. JudaEs unfaithfulness —xxxvii* 3. Joseph sold and imprisoned— xxxix. xl: a a slave PATRIARCHAL. 47 ofPotiphar; b. his favor; c . falsely charged and imprisoned; d» favor in prison; e . inter* prets dream of butler and baker-—fulfilled. 4. Joseph's release and promotion , xli : a. inter¬ prets Pharaoh’s dreams; b. becomes second officer in the kingdom; c . charge of crops, storehouses; d . marries daughter of an Egyp¬ tian priest; e, famine on hand. 5. Jacob's distress and appeal to Egypt , xlii — xlv: a. ten sons go to Egypt for corn; b, rough reception and return; c. second trip with Benjamin; d . feast and favor at Joseph’s hands; e. return hindered by intrigue; f. Judah’s matchless plea; g. Joseph reveals himself; h. arrangements for transfer to to Egypt of Jacob’s house. 6 . Egypt before the Hebrezv sojourn: Geikie, vol. ii. 2: a . early history; b . religion; c 0 polit¬ ical relations. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i., chap. 19; vol. ii., chaps. 1 and 2 Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 79-81. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. i. chaps. 19-21. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., §§ 134-41. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 4 in part. Tomkins, Times of Joseph, chaps, iii.-vii. Sayce, Egypt of the Hebrews, chap. 1. Kinns, Graven in the Rock, chap. vi. Rawlinson, Isaac and Jacob, pp. 137-157. FOURTH PERIOD. BONDAGE. DESCENT INTO EGYPT TO THE EXODUS. B. C. 1706-1491. $28. DESCENT AND SETTLEMENT IN EGYPT—GEN. XLVI—L. 1. Journey to Egypt , xlvi: a . renewed promise; b. number who went down; c. meeting of Israel and Joseph. 2. Pharaoh's favor to Israel, xlvii—xlviii: a. as¬ signed to Goshen; b. Joseph’s authority; c. Israel’s age; d. Joseph’s sons blessed by Is¬ rael. 3. Egypt: Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 41,42: a. boundaries; b . extent; c. characteristics; d. history; e. present rulers. 4. Land of Goshen , Geikie, vol. ii. chap. I: #. lo¬ cation; b. size; c. seasons; d . products. 5. Israel's prophecy in regard to his twelve sons t xlix. 1-27: characterize each son(cf.Deut. xxxiii.^ 6. Israels death , xlix. 28—1. 13:^. command for burial; b. embalmed; c. caravan to Canaan; d. buried in Machpelah; e. fear of Joseph’s brethren. 7. Joseph's death , 1 . 15-26 a . prophecy; b. death; c. embalming. 8. Character of Joseph . 48 THE BONDAGE. 49 Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. i. chap. 19 in part. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 82-89. Edersheim, Bib. History, vol. i. chap. 22 and 23; vol. ii. chap. 1. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., §§ 143-1 53 - Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 4, i. Tomkins, Times of Joseph, chaps, viii.-xii., xv. St. Clair, Buried Cities and Bib. Countries, chap. i. 2-5. $29. THE SOJOURN IN EGYPT—EXODUS I-X. 1. Reigning power in Egypt at this time: a. at descent of Jacob; b. after death of Joseph. 2. Religion of Egypt: a. nature worship; b. ex¬ tensive ritual; c. numerous priesthood. 3. Servitude of Israel , i. 8—ii. 10: a. beginning, due to what? b. what kinds of work? c. at¬ tempted suppression of increase; d. Moses* preservation, attempted deliverance and flight to Midian. 4. Moses ’ training , ii. 11—iv. 18: a. among the flocks of Jethro; b. bush of flaming fire; c. command of Jehovah for Israel; d. two signs to Moses of success; e. Aaron’s help assured. 5o Moses ’ return and first appeal to Pharaoh , iv. 18—vii. 13: a . events on the way back; b. Moses,and Aaron’s vain appeal to Pharaoh; c. increase of the burdens—bricks without straw; d. Jehovah’s assurance of success; e. signs before Pharaoh—rods, explain* 50 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 6. First nine plagues , vii. 14.-x.29: A.(/) blood—no effect; (2) frogs—Pharaoh calls; (j) lice—no effect; (4) flies—--Pharaoh calls; (5) murrain- no effect; (6) boils—no effect; (7) hail— Pharaoh calls; (8) locusts—Pharaoh calls; ( xxvii-xxviii. 2: a in favor with king Achish; b. given Ziklag, his army here, I Chron, xii. 1-7; c. David raided country toward the southwest, destroy¬ ing all; d. deceived Achish. 10. David in the Philistine army against Israel , xxix —xxx: a . David and his men follow in rear; b. princes object and David returns; c. finds Ziklag destroyed-—by whom? d. recovers captives; e. division of spoil among his ben¬ efactors. 90 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 11. Locate every geographical point here mentioned. 12. Probable Psalms of this period', a. of shepherd life, Pss. viii. xxi. xxiii. xxix; b. flight from Saul, vi. vii. lix. lvi. xxxiv; c. wanderings, xviii. xl. lii. liv. Ivii. lxiii. cxlii. Literature : Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chaps. 6 and 7. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 112-3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iv. chaps. 10-14. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 22. Kent, Bibl. Geog. and History, chap 16. MacDuff, Tales of t. Warrior King, chaps. 1 -1 5. Deane, David, Men of the Bible, chaps, i.-v. Edersheim, Prophecy and History in Relation to the Messiah, pp, 183-190. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., §§ 197-202. Geikie, Old Test. Characters, on David the Shepherd\ Goliath. §53. DAVID’S PROSPEROUS REIGN.—2 SAM. I—XI. 1; xii. 26-31; I CHRON. XI. .1 —XX. 8. I. Call to the kingdom over Judah , 2 Sam. i-ii. 4: a. Amalekite’s report of Saul’s death; b. Da¬ vid’s sorrow and lament in book of Jashar — analyze this song; c. Jehovah commands David to go up to Hebron; d , anointed king over house of Judah; e. David’s kind¬ ness to Saul’s remains (cf. also 2 Sam. xxi. 12-14). THE KINGDOM. 91 2. Dual kingdom attempted , 2 Sam. ii. 8 sq.: a. Ab¬ ner anoints Ish-bosheth king over Israel at Mahanaim; b. war between Joab, of Judah, and Abner, of Israel, at pool of Gibeon—re¬ sult? c. David became stronger, house of Saul weaker; d. peace between Abner and David; e. treachery of Joab, murder and burial of Abner; f. weakness and murder of Ish-bosheth; g. David’s punishment of the murderers. % David king over all Israel , in Jerusalem , 2 Sam. v., vi; 1 Chron. xi., xii.,xiv: a. David made king by all Israel in Hebron; b. his army in Hebron, 1 Chron. xi. 10—xii. 40; c. his con¬ quest ofjebus; d. relations to Hiram of Tyre; e. David’s polygamy; f. victories over the Philistines. 4. Establishment of worship in Jerusalem , 2 Sam. vi; I Chron. xiii.,xv: a. ark to Jerusalem: (1) from Kirjath-jearim to house of Obed- edom, (2) fatality to Uzzah (cf. Num. iii. 29- 31; iv. 5, 15, 19, 20), (3) to Jerusalem with music; b. sacrifices and blessings of David; c. ordination of singers, 1 Chron. xvi. (cf. Pss. cv. I — 15; xcvi. 1—13; cvi. 1, 47, 48). % David's division of labor in the service of Jehovah , I Chron. xxiii—xxvii: a. 38,000 Levites: (1) 24,000 to oversee work of house of Jehovah, (2) 6,000 officers and judges, (3) 4,000 door* 92 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. keepers, (4) 4,000 musicians; b. Asaph, He- man and Jeduthun prophesy with harps, psalteries and cymbals—228 singers, chap, xxv; c. doorkeepers, sons of Korah and and Merari; d. treasurer—Ahijah; e. officers and judges west of Jordan, 1700; f. east of Jordan, 2700; g. 12 captains, each one month in a year; h. princes of 12 tribes; i. David’s cabinet, xxvii. 25-31. 6 . Nathan's appearance and prophecy , 2 Sam. vii; 1 Chron. xvii: a. Nathan’s own advice an¬ nulled by Jehovah; b . David’s seed to build a house to Jehovah; c. David’s throne to be established forever; d. David’s humble prayer. 7. David's foreign conquests , 2 Sam. viii; 1 Chron. xviii: a. Philistines, viii. 1; b. Moab, viii. 2; c. Hadadezer ofZobah, viii. 3-8: (1) Syrians, (2) Betah and Berothai, of Hadadezer; d. Toi of Hamath; e. Edom. 8. David's kindness to the house of Saul , 2 Sam. ix. 9. Provoked foreign wars , 2 Sam. x.,xi. 1; 1 Chron. xix., xx: a. Ammon leagued with Syria; b. Syria beyond the river / c. siege of Rabbah, 1 Chron. xx. 1-3; 2 Sam. xii. 26-31. 10. Locate on the map all places and peoples in this section . THE KINGDOM. 93 Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chaps. 8-IO. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 114—17. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iv. chaps. 15-18* Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 23. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 69, 70. Peritz, Old Test. History, chap. 6, 2, 3; 7. Deane, David, Men of the Bible, chaps, vi.-viii. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., § 203-4. Drysdale, Early Bible Songs, pp. 181-191. Taylor, W. M., David, King of Israel. Krummacher, David, King of Israel. “ David ” in Hastings, Dictionary of the Bible. Wade, Old Test. Hist., ch. ix. Kent, Hist. Heb. People, Un. Kgdm., pp. 136-168. Kittel, Hist. Hebs., vol. II, pp. 136-176. $54. DAVID’S CALAMITOUS REIGN.—2 SAM. XI. 2 — I KINGS II. 11; I CHRON. XXI., XXVII. —xxxi. 30. I. David's great sin t 2 Sam. xi. 2—xii. 31, ( not in Chron.): a. adultery with Bath-sheba; b . murder of Uriah; c. Bath-sheba becomes David’s wife; d. Nathan’s parable; e. David’s penitence (cf. Ps. li.); /. sorrow at the death his child; g. his hope. 3 . Sin m David's household , 2 Sam. xiii., xiv: a 34 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Amnon’s intrigue and sin; b. Absalom's feast and murder of Amnon; c . flight of Ab¬ salom to Geshur; d. Joab’s scheme and Ab¬ salom’s return; e. David’s and Joab’s insults to Absalom; f. David and Absalom recon¬ ciled. %■ Absalom s revolt and David's flight , 2 Sam. xv—xvii. 23: a. David’s part in causing this; b. Absalom’s device at the gates; c. con¬ spiracy at Hebron; d. David’s flight: (1) Ittai, (2) ark returned, (3) Hushai sent back as a spy, (4) Ziba, (5) Shimei, kin of Saul; e . Absalom in Jerusalem: (1) Hushai’s de¬ ceit, (2) Ahithophel’s evil counsel(cf.xvii.i sq. (3) Hushai’s preferred counsel, (4) Ahithophel hangs himself (cf. Judas Iscariot, in Matt, xxvii. 5.) 4. Battle of the two armies and the result , 2 Sam. xvii. 24-—xix. 43: a . Absalom’s army under Amasa inGilead; b. David’s kind reception at Mahanaim; c. charge of David to Joab, Abi- shai and Ittai, commanders; d . battle and death of Absalom; e. courier; f. David’s la¬ ment; g. Joab rebukes David; h. David’s re¬ turn to Jerusalem: (1) David’s word to the priests, (2) Shimei, (3) Mephibosheth, (4) Bar- zillai, (5) the quarrel over David. 5. Civil zvar ) murder , famine , wars zvith the Phil¬ istines 2 Sam. xx., xxi: a . Sheba, son of THE KINGDOM. 95 Bichri, slain at Abel; b. Joab’s murder of Amasa; c. famine, and demands of Gibeon- ites; d. David’s reverence for Saul’s remains; e. four wars against the Philistines, 2 Sam. xxi. 15-22; 1 Chron. xx. 4-8. 6. Sin of David in numbering Israel, 2 Sam. xxiv; 1 Chron. xxi: a . Joab’s enumeration; b. David’s conscience smitten; c. God’s alterna¬ tives for David —- three years famine, three months defeat, three days pestilence; ^/.Da¬ vid’s choice and result; e. altar at Oman’s threshing floor. 7. Usurpation of Adonijah, 1 Kings i: a. Adoni- jah’s retinue; b. made king by some (vss. 11, 18); c. deserted by the people; <2^. submission to Solomon. 8. David's final assemblage of Israel , 1 Chron. xxviii-xxix. 25: a. review of God’s favor and promises; b. charge to Solomon to build the temple; c . enumeration of materials, chaps. xxii. and xxviii. 11-21; d. plan of the build¬ ing and its vessels; e. after David’s example, people offer willingly large sums; f. David’s prayer of praise and thanksgiving; g. people bless, and offer sacrifice to God; h. David’s successor to be Solomon. 9. David's final charge to Solomon, and his death , I Kings ii. 1-11; 1 Chron. xxix. 26-30: a. to obey Jehovah; b . take vengeance on (/) 96 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Joab, (2) Shimei; c. to care for sons of Bar- zillai; d. death and burial of David in the city of David; e. ruled seven years in He¬ bron, thirty-three in Jerusalem. 10. Give an estimate of David's character as: a . warrior; b. king; c. man; d. writer. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chaps. 11—13. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, § 118. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iv. chap. 19; vol. v. chaps. 1-3. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 24. Hurlbut, Man. of Bib. Geog., pp. 70, 71. Macduff, Tales of t. Warrior King, chaps. 21-24. Deane, David, Men of the Bible, chaps ix.-xiii. Kent, Bibl. Geog. and Hist., chap. 17. Taylor, W. M., David, King of Israel. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., § 205. ‘^55. THE REIGN OF SOLOMON.—I KINGS I—XI; 2 CHRON. I—IX. 1. Coronation and charge , see §54, 7-9. 2. Fate of: a. Adonijah; b. Abiathar; c, Joab; d. Shimei. 3 Visions at Gibeon, 1 Kings iii. 4-15; 2 Chron. i. 7-13: I. a . kind of high-place; A object of their presence there; c. Solomon’s request of Jehovah; d. Jehovah’s promise; e. celebra¬ tion of this event at Jerusalem. II. signifi¬ cance and purport of second vision (ix. 1-9). THE KINGDOM. 97 4. Solomon's wisdom: a. extensive, world-wide, I Kings iv. 34; v. 7, 12; x. 23, 24; 2 Chron. ix. 22, 23; b. in scientific and literary knowl¬ edge, 1 Kings iv. 29-34; c. in dealing with hard questions, 1 Kings x. i~8; 2 Chron. ix. 1-9; d. in dealing with practical questions, I Kings iii. 9, 11, 12, 16-28. 5 Solomon's foreign domestic alliances: a. Phara¬ oh’s daughter, I Kings iii. 1; vii. 8; ix. 16, 24; xi. 1; 2 Chron. viii. 11; b. women of Moabites, Ammonites, Edomites, Zidonians and Hittites, 1 Kings xi. 1; c. Naamah, mother of Rehoboam, an Ammonitess, 1 Kings xiv. 21, 31; d. alliances of Solomon’s daugh¬ ters, iv. 11,15; e ' purpose of Solomon in all these alliances; f. actual result for Solomon and for the kingdom. 6. Solomon's government: a. slaves not Israelites, I Kings ix. 20-22 ; 2 Chron. viii. 7-9; bur¬ den-bearers in the mountains, 2 Chron. ii. 17, 18, 2; 1 Kings v. 13-18; b . commissary department, (/) twelve divisions, (2) service one month, (j) provisions for one day, 1 Kings iv. 22, 23, (/) other duties, 1 Kings iv.26-28; c. superintendents of work,(/)“ 3,300 bare rule over workers in the mountains," I Kings v. 16 (cf. 2 Chron. ii. 2, 18); (2) 550 chief officers, 1 Kings ix. 23; v. 16 (cf. 2 Chron. viii. 10); d. cabinet, 1 Kings iv. 1-6; 98 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY e . army, horses and chariots, i Kings iv. 26, 28; 2 Chron. i. 14; ix. 25, 28 (cf. Deut. xvii. 16); f. extent of his dominions, 1 Kings iv. 21, 24; 2 Chron. ix. 26; g. prophecy re¬ garding it Gen. xv. 18. J, Foreign commercial relations : a. Egypt and Hittites—horses and chariots, 1 Kings x. 28, 29; 2 Chron. i. 16, 17; ix. 28; also out of all lands, 2 Chron. ix. 28; b. Phoenicia, building materials and skilled labor, 1 Kings v. 6, 8- 12; ix. 11-14; 2 Chron. ii. 8-16; c . voy¬ ages-—sea trade, 1 Kings ix. 26-28; x. II, 12,22; 2 Chron. viii. 17, 18; ix. 10, 11,21; d . general trade, 1 Kings x. 15; 2 Chron. ix. 14 (cf. 1 Kings x. 1—13); e . commercial cities, I Kings ix. 18; 2 Chron. viii. 4-6. Note —What were ships of Tarshish? course, destination, etc.? cf. 1 Kings ix. 28, with 2 Chron. viii. 18. 8. Solomon's revenues—immense: a . gold and silver, 1 Kings x. 14, 15; 2 Chron. ix. 13, 14; b. levies of provisions, 1 Kings iv. 7-28; c. presents, I Kings iv. 21; x. 1-10, 13,23-25; 2 Chron. ix. 22-24; d . tropical products, I Kings x. 22, etc.; 2 Chron. ix. 21; e. slave- service, see 6. a. above. 9. Increase in culture: a. learning and literature, 1 Kings iv. 29-34; x. 23, 24; 2 Chron. ix. 22, 23 (read Geikie, vol. iii. 18); b. architecture, see §56; c. decorations, read 1 Kings vi-vii; d. general splendor of courts, 1 Kings x. 1-13. THE KINGDOM. 99 10 Solomon's old age and death : a. polygamy, I Kings xi. 1-3; b. idolatry, kinds of foreign deities, 1 Kings xi. 4-8; c. Jehovah’s word against him; d. his new enemies, 1 Kings xi. 9-25; e. Ahijah’s prophecy and Jeroboam’s flight, 1 Kings xi. 26-40; /. death of Solomon, g. length of his reign. II. Solomons career and character: a. politically; b. religiously; c. intellectually. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chaps. 14, 15, 17. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 119-121. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 4 and 5 » 8 and 9. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 26. Solomon, his Life and Times, Men of Bible Series. Peritz, Old Test. Hist., chap. 8. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., § 206-7. Wade, Old Test. Hist., ch. xi. Kent, Hist. Heb. People, Un. Kgdm., pp. 169-206. Kittel, Hist. Hebs., vol. II, pp. 177-204. §56. SOLOMON’S TEMPLE.* I. Steps up to the temple: a. offering, Gen. iv. 3,4; b. altar, Gen. viii. 20; xii. 6-8 (cf. Ex. xx. 24, 25); c. “house of God”—Bethel, Gen. xxviii. 18-22; xxxv. 1-3, 6, 14, 15; d. “tent *This outline is a revision of that of Dr. Hurlbut as given in Old Test. Student, Dec. 1887. 100 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. of meeting”—Tabernacle, Ex. xxv. 8; xxix* 42-45, e. “temple” in Shiloh, 1 Sam. i. 9; iii. 3. 2 . Building of the temple: a. place, Mt. Moriah in Jerusalem, Gen. xxii. 1, 2, 14; bought by David, 2 Sam, xxiv. 17-25; 1 Chron. xxi. 18-30; xxii. 1 (cf. 2 Chron. iii. 1); b. founda¬ tion—extended 270 feet over arches, con¬ cealing reservoirs of water (cf. Ps. xlvi. 1-5); c. materials—provided largely by David, 2 Sam. vi. 1-12; vii. 1—13; 1 Chron. xxviii. II-19; xxix. 2-8; (/) stone; ( 2 ) iron, I Chron. xxii. 14; xxix. 2; (j) cedar wood, 2 Chron. ii. 3-9; 1 Kings vi. 8-10; (f) silver and gold, 1 Chron. xxii. 14; xxix. 4; (5) brass, or bronze, 1 Chron. xxix. 2; 1 Kings vii. 15-17; (d) precious stones, 1 Chron. xxix. 2; d. construction:(/) under Phoenician workmen, 1 Kings vii. I3sq., 40-45; 2 Chron. iv. 11-16; {2) no sound of hammer or iron tool, 1 Kings vi. 7 (cf. Deut. xxvii. 5 > 6); (j) completed in seven years and six months, 1 Kings vi. I, 38. 3. Plan of the temple: a . twice the size of the tabernacle, for the most part, cf. Ex. xxv-xl; I Kings v-viii; 2 Chron. iii-vii (cf. Ezekiel’s vision, Ezek. xl-xlvi); b. parts: 1) court , (cf, Ex. xxvii. 9-18); 1 Kings viii. 64; 2 Chron, xx. 5; xxiv. 21; outer and inner, 1 Kings vi. THE KINGDOM. 101 36 ; 2 Chron. iv. 9; ( a) inner more sacred, Joel ii. 17; (b) outer had (/) altar , 2 Chron. iv. 1; (2) sea of brass on 12 oxen, 2 Chron. iv. 2-5; (j) ten lavers , 2 Chron. iv. 6; 1 Kings vii. 27-39; (^) perhaps a grove of trees , Ps. Hi. 8; xcii. 12-14; 2) porch —vestibule—180 ft. high, 2 Chron. iii. 4; pillars Jachin and Boaz at the entrance, 1 Kings vii. 15-22; 3) holy place —“greater house,” 2 Chron. iii. 5; 1 Kings vi. 17; (a) ten candlesticks, 2 Chron. iv. 7; ( b ) ten tables, 2 Chron. iv. 8; (c) double doors, 1 Kings vi. 31-33; (d) altar of incense, I Kings vii. 48; 2 Chron. iv. 19; 4) holy of holies —“the oracle,’’ 1 Kings vi. 16; 2 Chron. iii. 8; (a) cherubim, 2 Chron. iii. 10-13; (b) ark of the covenant,2 Chron. v. 4-10 (cf. Ex. xxv. 10-22); 5) chambers —for priests—three stories high, 1 Kings vi. 5-10; Jer. xxxvi. 10; Ezek. xl. 45, 46; xlii. 1-6. 4. Purpose of the temple: a. to centralize and locate public worship of Jehovah (cf. Ps. lxxxiv); b. to bind together the tribes—one altar, one shrine, others forbidden, Deut. xii. 8-14; Josh. xxii. 10-27; Deut. xvi. 16; 1 Kings xii. 26-28; c. to symbolize the truths of redemp¬ tion, cf. Lev. i. 1-5; 2 Chron. vii. 1-14; Heb. ix. 22; d . to symbolize the presence of Jehovah among his people, cf. Ex. xx. 3, 4; Lev. xxvi. ii* 12; 2 Chron. vi. 1, 2. 102 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 5. History of Solomon's temple: a. dedication, (/) assembly, (2) offerings, (j) Solomon’s prayer, I Kings viii.; 2 Chron. v. i-vi. 42; A popular regard for the temple, Pss. xxvii. 4; xliii. 1-4; cxxxii. 1-5; c. plundered by Shishak of Egypt under Rehoboam, 2 Chron. xii. 9-11; d. repairs under Joash, 2 Kings xii. 4-15; e. desecration and plunder by Ahaz, 2 Kings xvi. 10-19;/'. repairs by Hezekiah, 2 Chron. xxix; g. desecration by Manasseh, 2 Chron. xxxiii. 1—18; h . purification and repairs by Josiah, 2 Chron. xxxiv. 1-13, 29-33; i. destruction by Nebuchadrezzar, 2 Chron. xxxvi. 11—21; Jer. lii. 12-23. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iii. chap. 16. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 6 and 7. Solomon’s Temple, plan in Hurlbut Man. Bib Geog., p. 71. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 27. Edersheim, The Temple, its Ministry and Services. Solomon, His Life and Times, Men of the B ; ble chap. 8. Perrot and Chipiez, Le Temple du Jerusalem. Davies, T. W. “ Temple ” in Hastings, Diet. Bib. IV e NINTH PERIOD, DUAL KINGDOM. DIVISION TO FALL OF SAMARIA. B. C. 931-722. §57. DUAL RELIGIOUS DECLINE. — I KINGS XI. 2 6 -—XV. 8; 2 CHRON. X-XIII. Judah —Rehoboam (17)*, Abijam (3). Israel— Jeroboam I (22). 1. Prophecies of disruption , 1 Kings xi. 9-13, 29- 39- 2. Causes of disruption: a. mediate: (/) old animos¬ ities between kingdoms of Saul and David, (2) Solomon’s foreign domestic alliances, (j) Solomon’s idolatry, 1 Kings xi. 9-13; b. im¬ mediate: (/) Ahijah’s encouragement to Jer¬ oboam, ( 2 ) Rehoboam’s outrageousdemands. 3. Events immediately connected with disruption, 2 Chron. x; I Kings xii. 1-19: a. Rehoboam at Shechem; b. request of the people; c. counsel adopted by Rehoboam; d. Jeroboam’s ap¬ pearance. 4. Kingdom divided: a. Solomon’s empire—60,000 square miles; b. portions sliced off by ene- * Henceforth f. («?e numbers will indicate the length of reign of the kings aftei m hose names they stand. 103 104 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. mies; c . territory of northern kingdom, 9.400 square miles; d. territory of Judah, 3.400 square miles. 5. Jeroboam's establishment and policy , 1 Kings xii. 20—xiii. 34: a. coronation; b. army and defences; c. system of worship, its localities and purpose (cf. 2 Chron. xiii. 9); d. rebuke and prophecy (cf. I Kings xiii. 2 with 2 Kings xxiii. 16) of man of God. 6. Jeroboam's fate foretold, 1 Kings xiv: sick¬ ness of Abijah; b. secret march on Ahijah; c. Ahijah foretells, (/) death of Abijah, (2) destruction of Jeroboam’s house, (j) captivity of Israel. 7. Rehoboam's establishment and policy , 1 Kings xiv. 21-24; 2 Chron. xi: a. coronation; b. attempt to suppress revolt; c. defences, 2 Chron. xi. 5-12; d. accessions from Israel, 2 Chron. xi. 13-17; e. sins of his house, 18- 2 3* 8. Invasion by Shishak of Egypt , 1 Kings xiv. 25 —28; 2 Chron. xii. 2-9: a. Solomon’s early relations with Egypt; A probable provoca¬ tion of Shishak; c. extent of his plunderings; d. humility of Rehoboam; e. death of Reho- boam; f character of Rehoboam. 9. Career of Abijam , 1 Kings xv. 1-8; 2 Chron. xiii: a . walked in sins of his father; b. railed against Jeroboam; c . warred against Jero- DUAL KINGDOM. 105 boam, 400,000 against 800,000 respectively; d. Abijam victorious; e. waxed mighty to end of his reign; f. characterize him. 10. Locate all geographical points in this section. 11. Contemporaneous history: a. Syria; b. Egypt; c. Assyria. 12. Prophets of these tunes: I. Judah: a. Shemaiah, his work, 2 Chron. xi. 2; xii. 15; 1 Kings xii. 22, 23; b. “man of God out of Judah,“ 1 Kings xiii. I, 5 , 6, 7, 8; c. Iddo, 2 Chron. xii. 15; xiii. 22. II. Israel: a. Ahijah the Shilonite, 1 Kings xi. 29, 30; xii. 15; xiv. 2-16; b. old prophet, 1 Kings xiii. 11-31. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chap. 1. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 122-4. Ball, C. J., Light from the East, pp. 131-2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 10 and 11. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 29 and half of 35. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. I, 2 Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 87, 88. Sayce, Fresh Light, p. 100 sq. Kinns, Graven in the Rock, chap. xii. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., § 208-10. Breasted, Hist. Anc. Egyptians, pp. 360-4. 106 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY, I. 2 . 3 - 4. 5 - ( REIGN OF ASA IN JUDAH. * * ( FALL OF THREE DYNASTIES IN ISRAEL. B. C. 912-871. Judah —Asa (41). Israel— Jeroboam (22), Nadab (2), Baasha (24), Elah (2), Zimri (7 days). 1 Kings xv. 8-xvi. 20; 2 Chron. xiv—xvi. Review briefly the events since the disruption . Reforms of Asa: I. Religious: a. removing Sodomites and idols; b. breaking down high places, pillars; c. his queen-mother removed; d. images of Asherim cut down; e. Israel bade to seek Jehovah; f. brought dedicated things into house of Jehovah. II. Political: a. fortified Judah; b. built cities; c. strength¬ ened the army. Aids to these reforms: a. counter-example of Israel; b. immigration to Judah of those loyal to Jehovah; c. presence of the prophets; d. spirit of Jehovah in Asa’s heart. Asa's wars and alliances: ^.victorious battle with Ethiopia, 580,000 men against 1,000,000 men; b. Baasha of Israel builds Ramah; c . Syria, Ben-hadad of Damascus bought off by Asa with vessels of the temple; d . dis¬ posal of Ramah. Asa's relations with the prophets , and the end of his days: a. Azariah, son of Oded, result to Asa and Israel, 2 Chron. xv. 1-7; b. Hanani DUAL KINGDOM. 107 the seer, result, 2 Chron. xvi. 7-10; c. dis¬ ease of Asa; d. death and burial; e . length of reign. 6 . Nadatfs character , reign and death , 1 Kings xv. 25-31: a . second and last king of dynasty of Jeroboam; b. began in second year of Asa; c. did evil as his father; d. slain by Baasha at the siege of Gibbethon. 7. Baasha's character , reign and death , 1 Kings xv. 27-xvi. 13; 2 Chron. xvi. 1-6: a. usurper; b. began to reign in the third year of Asa, in city of Tirzah; c. did evil as Jeroboam; d. destroyed all the house of Jeroboam; e. in his fourteenth year he fortified Ramah against Judah; f. Ben-hadad’s inroads on Israel; g. Jehu’s prophecy against Baasha; h. died and buried in Tirzah; i. length of reign. 8. Elah's character , reign and death , 1 Kings xvi. 6-14: a. second and last king of dynasty of Baasha; b. began to reign in 26th year of Asa; c. made Israel to sin, 1 Kings xvi. 12, 13; d. slain in a drunken row at Tirzah by Zimri; e . length of reign. 9. Zimri's (7 days') reign and death , I Kings xvi. 9-20: a. usurper—third dynasty; b. obliter¬ ated house of Baasha; c. choice of people was Omri, captain at Gibbethon; d. siege of Tirzah, and suicide of Zimri after seven days' reign; e. similar suicides in secular history. 108 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 10. Locate all geographical points in this section . 11. Contemporaneous history: a. Ethiopia; b. Syria; c. Assyria. 12. Prophets of this section: I. Judah: a. Azariah, son of Oded, 2 Chron. xv. 1-7; b. Hanani the seer, 2 Chron. xvi. 7-10. II. Israel: Jehu son of Hanani, 1 Kings xvi. 1, 7. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chap. 2 in part. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. 2. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 12, and 13 in part. Stanley, Jewish Church, half of Lee. 35. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, Men of Bible Series, chaps. 4-8. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 87, 88. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., §211. ^ 59 . REIGN OF THE HOUSE OF OMRI IN ISRAEL, B. C. 885-842. Omri (12), Ahab (22), Ahaziah (2), Jehoram (12). 1. Give the kings of Israel in the last three dynas¬ ties with length of reigns, 2. Omrls reign avid home policy y 1 Kings xvi. 16-29: a. usurper; b. began 27th year of Asa; c. right disputed by Tibni, four years; d, his capitals, (/) Tirzah, (2) Samaria; e» DUAL KINGDOM. 109 religious policy, (/) advance on Jeroboam, I Kings xvi. 25; ( 2 ) statutes adopted, Mic. vi. 16.* 3. Omri’s foreign relations , power and death: a. with Moab, reduced Mesha, (cf. Records of Past, 2d series, vol. ii., p. 200 sq. and 2 Kings iii. 4); b. with Syria, when king of Syria wrested cities from Omri, 1 Kings xx. 34; c. with Zidonians, inferred from tradition and Ahab’s alliance; d. with Assyria, land of Israel, called “Land of Omri” for several generations; e. evidence of power, the loca¬ tion of his new capital; f his death; g. length of reign. 4. Ahab's beginning , 38th year of Asa , I Kings xvi. 29—-xvii. 1: a. alliance with Zidonians through Jezebel; b. new religion introduced, its character; c. persecution of servants of Jehovah; d. Ahab’s advance religiously, I Kings xvi. 31, 33; e. Elijah’s prophecy of famine. 5. Ahab's course at home, 1 Kings xviii., xxi: I. a. despair in famine; b. Elijah’s appearance and Obadiah; c. Ahab’s salute; d . Elijah’s assembly at Carmel; e . Ahab’s prophets' vain attempt; f. Elijah’s success and slaughter; g. rain; h. Jezebel’s wrath, and pursuit of Elijah; i. public works of Ahab, *Cf. also 2 Kings viii. 26. no OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 1 Kings xxii. 39. II. Naboth’s vineyard: a, Ahab’s request; b . refused by Naboth; c, Ahab’s pettishness; d . Jezebel’s infamy; e> justice satisfied; f. law of inheritance; g. Elijah at hand; h. Ahab’s penitence; L Elijah’s last message to Ahab. 6 . Ahab's foreign relations and wars , 1 Kings xx. f xxii; 2 Chron. xviii.: a. with Zidon and the Phoenicians; b. with Ben-hadad of Syria: (/) before Samaria: (a) with 32 allied kings, (b) completely routed; (2) at Aphek: (a) Ben-hadad routed, ( b ) saved, why? (V) Ahab rebuked by son of aprophet; c. with Assyrians, at Karkar (Barton, Arch. a. Bible, p. 361), Ahab in league with several kings, defeated by Shalmaneser III; d. with Jehoshaphat of Judah, against Ramoth Gilead: (/) reception at Samaria, {2) word of 400 prophets, (j) word of Micaiah, (f) battle, (5) Ahab slain, (1 6) Elijah’s prophecy fulfilled, 1 Kings xxi. 19, with xxii. 38; e. length of Ahab’s reign. 7. Reign of Ahab's son, Ahaziah , 1 Kings xxii. 40— 2 Kings i. 18: a . alliance with Jehoshaphat; b. his sin; c. sickness; d. inquiry of Baal- zebub; e. rebuked by Elijah; f. fatality of messengers; g. Ahaziah’s death; h. length of reign. 8. Reign of Ahab's son, Jehoram, 2 Kings i. 17; iii. 1-27: a . religious revolution, 2 Kings iii. DUAL KINGDOM. Ill 3; b. war with Mesha, 2 Kgs. iii. 3-27; (/) Jehoshaphat here, (2) Elisha’s share in it; c. Syrians at Dothan, 2 Kgs. vi. 8-23: (/) struck blind, (2) well treated and sent home; d. Syr¬ ians at Samaria, 2 Kgs. vi. 24-vii. 20: (/) fam¬ ine, (2) Elisha’s word, (j) outcome; e. disas¬ trous visit of Ahaziah of Judah to Jehoram, after battle ofRamoth Gilead, 2 Kgs. ix., x.; 2 Chr. xxii.; f. length of reign. 9. Locate all geographical joints in this section. ic. Contemporaneous history: a . Zidonians or Phoenicians; b. Syrians; c. Assyrians; d\ Moabites. II. Prophets in Israel in this section: a. Elijah; b. Obadiah; c. two fifties in caves; d. 400 prophets; e, Micaiah;/. the prophet, 1 Kings xx. 13-22; g. man of God, 1 Kings xx. 28; h % man of the sons of the prophets, I Kings xx. 35. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chaps. 2 and 4. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 125-136. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. v. chaps. 14 and 15; vol. vi. chaps. 1, 4, 5, 7, 9. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lec> 30. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. 9, IO, 12, 13. Hurlbut, Man. Bib. Geog., pp. 87, 88. Sayce, Fresh Light, pp, 102-104. 112 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY Rogers, Cuneiform Parallels to O. T., pp. 295-304. “ Moabite Stone ” in Hastings, Diet, of the Bible; also in Ball, Light, etc., pp. 239-40. Kinns, Graven in the Rock, chap. 14, in part. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., § 212-13. § 30 . REIGN OF JEHOSHAPHAT OF JUDAH B. C. 871-847. Z. Give and characterize the kings of Judah thus far studied . 2. Jchoshaphafs beginning , 1 Kings xv. 24; 2 Chron. xvii: a. walked in the first ways of his father David (2 Chron. xvii. 3); b. took away Asherim and some high places; c. sent princes, priests and Levites to teach the law through¬ out the cities of the land; d. set garrisons in fenced cities of Judah and Ephraim; e . in* creased the army to 1,160,000 men (xvii, 14-19). 3, Jehoshaphat's relations with Israel , I Kings xxii; 2 Kings iii; 2 Chronicles xviii: a. Ahab: (/) visit of Jehoshaphat to Samaria, (.?) league against Syria, (j) 400 prophets, (f) Micaiah, (5) battle of Ramoth Gilead, (6) Tehoshaphat on return rebuked by Jehu son o! Hanani (2 Chron. xix. 1-3); b. Ahaziah son of Ahab, 1 Kgs. xxii. 49; 2 Chr. xx. 35-37: (/) in a Tarshish navy, (2) Eliezer’s rebuke (2 DU/L KINGDOM. 113 Chr. xx. 37), (j) fleet wrecked; c. Jehoram son of Ahab, 2 Kgs. iii. 4-27; (/) against Mesha of Moab, (2) Judah, Israel and Edom together, ( j) Elisha’s role, (4) victory, (5) human sacri¬ fice, why did Israel withdraw? 4. Jehoshaphafs other foreign relations: a. Arabi¬ ans and Philistines, peaceful, 2 Chron. xvii. 11; b. Moabites, Ammonites, Seir (Syria, 2 Chron. xx. 2) or Edom: (/) meet atEn-gedi, (2) Jehoshaphat’s prayer, (j) prophecy of Jahaziel, (4) song of praise, (jr) victory with¬ out a stroke, (6) spoil, (7) praise to Jehovah; c. Syrians, see 3. a; d. Mesha of Moab, see 3. c. 5. Close of Jehoshaphafs reign: a. makes Jehoram his son regent with him, 2 Kings viii. 16: b. distributes gifts, gold, silver and fenced cities among his other six sons; c. died and buried with his fathers in city of David; d. length of reign. 6. Contrast the characters in these two sections (39 and 60), eg. Ahab and Jezebel, Ahab and Je- hoshaphat . 7. Locate all geographical points in this section, 8. Prophets in this section: a. Jehu son of Hanani the seer, 2 Chron. xix. 1-3; Jahaziel, 2 Chron. xx. 14-17; c - Eliezer, 2 Chron. xx. 37 Literature: Additional to that under § 59 * Blaikie, Manual, chap. 11, sec. 2, 114 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chap. II. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon,, §215. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. vi. chaps. 5-7, and 9, 4 $61. THE GREAT PERIOD OF ORAL PROPHETS AND ORAL PROPHECY. B. C. 931-800. 1. Prophets near the close of Solomon's reign: a . Ahijah the Shilonite, 2 Chron. ix. 29; I Kings xi, 29; b. Iddo the seer, 2 Chron. ix. 29; c. Nathan , 2 Chron. ix. 29. 2. Minor prophets in the kingdom of Judah , give the work of each: a. Shemaiah (under Rehoboam 1 Kings xii. 22-24; 2 Chron. xi. 2-4; xii. 5, 7, 15; b. Iddo (Rehoboam and Jeroboam), Jeddo or Jedon (Josephus Antiq. viii. 8, 9), 2 Chron. ix. 29; xii. 15; xiii. 22; c. Azariah son of Oded (Asa), 2 Chron. xv. 1-8; d. Hanani the seer, 2 Chron. xvi. 7-10; e . Jehu son of Hanani the seer (Jehoshaphat), 2 Chron. xix. 2, 3; xx. 34; f. Jahaziel (Je¬ hoshaphat), 2 Chron. xx. 14-17; g. Eliezer (Jehoshaphat), 2 Chron. xx. 37. 3. Minor prophets in the kingdom of Israel , give the work of each: a. Ahijah the Shilonite, ((Solomon), Jeroboam), 1 Kings xi.29-39; xii. 15; xiv. 2-18; xv. 29; 2 Chron. ix. 29; x. 15; b. Iddo, see 2. b; c . Jehu son of Hanani (Baasha), 1 Kings xvi. 1-5 ,7, 12; d . Micaiah DUAL KINGDOM. 116 (Ahab), i Kings xxii. 8-28; 2 Chron. xviii. 7-27. Note i.—I ddo and Jehu prophesied in both kingdoms. Note 2. — Prophet and man of God are frequently mentioned without a hint as to their names; e.g., i Kings xiii. I, n; xx. 13, 22; 2 Chron. xxv. 7,15. 4. Elijah's activity during the famine in Ahab's reign , 1 Kings xvii., xviii: a. his sudden ap¬ pearance—tribal relations? 1 Kings xvii. 1: b. dress, 2 Kings i. 8; c. famine: (/) foretold, (2) Elijah atCherith, (j) at Zarephath: (a) miracle of meal and oil, (b) raising dead; (y) return and word of Obadiah, (5) Ahab’s salu¬ tation, (6) test at Carmel, (7) slaughter of prophets of Baal (Deut. xiii. 6-9), ( 8 ) prayer and rain, (p) Elijah runs before Ahab to Jez- reel, ( io ) duration of famine, I Kings xviii. 1; Luke iv. 25; James v. 17. 5. Elijah's activity during the remauider of Ahab's reign , I Kings xix., xxi. 17-29: a. Elijah’s flight before Jezebel: (/) Jezebel’s threat, ( 2 ) Elijah in Beer-sheba, (j) miraculously fed, (f) forty days and nights in Horeb, (5) God’s manifestation to him, cf. Ex. xxxiii. 21-23, (6) commanded to anoint (a) Hazael over Syria, (^)Jehu over Israel, (c) Elisha as his suc¬ cessor; b. discovery and mantling of Elisha; c. “hast thou found me, O mine enemy?” 1 Kings xxi. 17-20: (/) Elijah’s message, ( 2) 1X6 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Ahab’s sorrow, (j) sentence mitigated. 6 . Elijah's later work: a . rebuked messengers oi Ahaziah, 2 Kings i. 3 sq.; b. consuming of two fifties; c. Elijah’s message to Ahaziah; d. Elijah’s writing to Jehoram of Judah, 2 Chron. xxi. 12-15; his work among schools of the prophets, 2 Kings ii. 1-7, 15-18; f. his appointment of Elisha and his translation. 7. Elisha's call and work among the sons of the prophets: a. call and conduct, 1 Kings xix. 16-21; b. visit with Elijah to sons of the pro¬ phets at Gilgal, Bethel, Jericho, 2 K. ii. 2-6; c. translation of Elijah, and sons of the prophets at Jericho, (/) before, (2) after; d. healing the waters at Jericho; e. to Bethel, bears; j. to Carmel; g. to Samaria; h. miracle of pot of oil, 2 Kings iv. 1 sq.; i. Shunem, raising Shunammite’s son; j. to Gilgal, death in the pot; k. multiplying food; /. iron swam, 2 Kings vi. 1-7. 6 Elisha's work of a political or national charac '■* ter: a . in war against Moab, 2 Kings iii. 11- 19; b. in healing Naaman 2 Kings v.: (/) Naaman’s source of information, (2) his ex¬ pectation, (j) his submission, (4) his resolu¬ tion, (5) Gehazi’s sin and punishment; c. his value to the king of Israel, 2 Kings vi. 8-10; d. his fame abroad, 2 Kings vi. 12; e. be¬ sieged in Dothan, enemy stricken with blind DUAL KINGDOM, 117 ness, feasted, sent home; /. Syrians besiege Samaria, 2 Kings vi. 24-vii. 20: (/) famine, ( 2 ) Elisha’s prophecy, (3) terror strikes the enemy, (4) flight of Syrians and plenty for Israel;^*. Elisha’s influence restores Shunam- mite’s property, 2 Kings viii. 1-6; h. Elisha’s errand at Damascus, 2 Kings viii. 7-15; i. an¬ ointing of Jehu, 2 Kings ix. 1-12; j. Elisha’s sickness, prophecy to Joash of Israel, and death, 2 Kings xiii. 14-19; k. miracle with bones of Elisha, 2 Kings xiii. 20, 21. 9. Compare the characters of Elijah and Elisha: a . preparation for work; b. habits of life; c. force of character; d. relations to rulers; e. relation to sons of prophets. 10 . Schools of the sons of the prophets ;* a . head¬ quarters: (/) Ramah, (2) Bethel, (3) Gilgal, (4) Jericho, (5) Carmel, (6) Samaria; b. teach¬ ers: (/) Samuel, 1 Sam. xix. 20, (2) Elijah, (j) Elisha; things taught, (/) prophesying, (2) sacred service and music; d. occupation, (/) study and worship, ( 2 ) run errands, (3) regular duties of a prophet; e. means of sub¬ sistence: (1) gathered in fields, (2) gifts, 2 Kings iv. 42, 43; v. 21-24. 11. Work of the prophets : a. to instruct the people in the law; b . to convey the direct will of God, mostly upon occasions of great moment; ♦This topic is fully treated by the author in Old Testament St»- tnt, March 1889. 118 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. c . to forewarn and admonish rulers; d. to embody in written form their instructions direct from God; e. to preserve a history of their timest; f. to counteract all idolatrous tendencies; g. to provide music, etc., at pub¬ lic religious services, i Chron. xxv. Remark.—False prophets: I. a. old prophet of Bethel, i Kings xiii. 11; b. 400 prophets with a lying spirit, I Kings xxii. 6-8, 22,23; c - 45 ° proph¬ ets of Baal, I Kings xviii. 19, 22, 40; d. 400 proph¬ ets of Asherah, I Kings xviii. 19. II. a. are they idolatrous prophets? b. are they perverted worship¬ pers of Jehovah, wicked men? c. do they really predict? d. their methods and means of procedure. Literature: 2 Sam. i—2 Kings xiii. 20. 2 Chron. ix. 29—xx. 37. Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chaps. 3 and 5. Blaikie, Manual, chap. 10, sec. 3. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. iv. chaps. 1-3, 10—14 # Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 29-31. Elijah, His Life and Times, Men of Bible Series. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., § 214. " Elijah ” in Hastings, Diet, of the Bible. Kent, Hist. Heb. Peep., Div. Kgdm., pp. 46-54. f Several of the prophets mentioned in this section wrote works, not one of which exists at the present day.-—-This subject is discussed by the author in the Bibliotheca Sacra, April 1889, under the title, “ The Lost Writings quoted and referred to in the Old Testament.” DUAL KINGDOM* 119 Price, The Schools of the Sons of the Prophets, Old Test. Student, March 1889. Price, The Lost Writings in the Old Testament, Bibliotheca Sacra, April 1889. C RELIGIOUS DECLINE IN JUDAH. * ' ( CHECK TO IDOLATRY IN ISRAEL. B. C. 849-798. Judah —jehoram (8), Ahaziah (1), Athaliah (7), Joash (40). Israel —-Jehu (28), Jehoahaz (17). 1. Reign of Jehoram of Judah , 2 Kings viii. 16-24; 2 Chron. xxi. 1-20: a. regent with his father, 2 Kings viii. 16; b. slew his brethren—why? 2 Chron. xxi. 1-4; c. daughter of Ahab to wife, 2 Kings viii. 18; d. walked in ways of kings of Israel; e. revolt of Edomites—why? f. revolt of Libnah; g. high places made; h. letter from Elijah; i, Jehoram’s disease;/, raid of the Philistines and Arabians, result; k. ignominious death and burial; /. length of reign. 2. Reign of Ahaziah of Judah, 2 Kings viii. 24-29; ix. 16-28; 2 Chron. xxii. 1-9: a. Ahaziah’s legacy, blood of Jezebel; b. walked in ways of Ahab, by counsel; c. leagues with Jeho¬ ram, his uncle, against Ramoth Gilead; d. Jehoram wounded; e. Ahaziah’s visit to Jezreel. 120 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Jehu's extirpation of the house of Ontri , 2 Kings ix—x. 17; 2 Chron. xxii. 7-9: a. anointing and coronation of Jehu at Ramoth Gilead, 2 Kings ix. 1—15; b. his explicit orders; chaste to Jezreel, vss. 16-20; d. murder of Jehoram, 21-26; e. murder of Ahaziah of Judah, 27-29; f. death of Jezebel, 30-37; g. murder of Ahab’s seventy sons in Samaria, 2 Kings x. 1-9; h . murder of Ahab’s kinsfolk, great men and friends, 10-n ; i. murder of forty-two of Ahaziah’s brethren, 12-14; j. slaughter of all that remained of Ahab in Samaria. Note —Jehonadab son of Rechab (cf. Jer. xxxv.) 4. Jehu's stroke at idolatry , 2 Kings x. II, 18-28: a. murder of priests of Ahab, x. 11; b. slaughter of Baal worshippers, 18-25; c. obelisks, pillar and house of Baal destroyed; d. but the calves of Jeroboam retained. 5. Jehu's enemies and death , 2 Kings x. 29-36: a. his own heart, (/) in unwarranted wholesale murder, {2) in sins of Jeroboam; b. Hazael of Syria, x. 32, 33; c. Assyria, his tribute thereto (C. O. T. vol. i. p. 199 sq.); d. Jehovah’s promise to Jehu; e. death and burial in Samaria; f length of reign. 6. Athaliah's usurpation , reign and death , 2 Kings xi; 2 Chron. xxii. 10—xxiii. 21: a. ancestry, Jezebel; b. bloody disposal of seed royal— except Joash; c . Baal worship in the lead. DUAL KINGDOM. 121 2 Kings xi. 18; 2 Chron. xxiii. 17; xxiv. 7; d. rise and influence of Jehoiada; e. assembly and coronation of Joash; f. Athaliah slain. 7. Prosperous reign of Joash of Judah, 2 Kings xi. 2, 12—xii. 16 ; 2 Chron. xxii. 11; xxiii. 11—xxiv. 16: a. concealment; b. accession; c. in seventh year of Jehu; d. did right; e. repairs of house of Jehovah; f. Jehoiada’s prominent role; g. Jehoiada’s death and burial. 8. Disastrous reign of Joash of Judah , 2 Kings xii. 17-21; 2 Chron. xxiv. 17-27: a. princes influential with the king; b. house of Jehovah forsaken; c. prophets unheeded; d. Zechariah, by king’s demand, stoned; e. in¬ vasion of the Syrians; f. Hazael bought off by temple plunder; g. Joash’s disgraceful murder and burial; h . length of reign. 9. Reign of Jehoahaz (son of Jehu ) of Israel , 2 Kings xiii. 1-9: a. began 23d year of Joash of Judah; b. did evil as Jeroboam; c. was delivered up to Hazael and Ben-hadad of Syria; d. besought Jehovah; e. delivered but weakened (cf. 2 Kings xiii. 23); f. death and burial in Samaria;^, length of reign. 10. Carefully point out all geographical points in this section. 11. Contemporaneous history: a. Edomites' revolt; b. raid of Philistines and Arabians; c . Syria: 122 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY, (/) Ramoth Gilead, (2) Gath, (jp Jerusalem; d . Assyria. 12. Prophets of this section: I. Judah: a. Elijah; b. Zechariah. II. Israel: a . Elisha; b. son of the prophets. LiteraUire: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chap. 6. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 137-41. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. vi. chaps. 15-17; vol. vii. chaps. 1-3. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 32. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. 14-19. Sayce, Higher Crit. and Mon., pp. 389-98. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., §§ 228-47. Kinns, Graven in the Rock, chap. xiv. Wade, Old Test. Hist., pp. 347-364. Kent, Hist. Heb. Peop., Div. Kgdm., pp. 61-77. § 63 . RELIGIOUS DECLINE, REGAL PROSPERITY. B. c. 799 - 735 - Judah — Amaziah (29), Uzziah (52). Israel -—Joash (16), Jeroboam II (41), Zech¬ ariah (6m.). 1. Give kings of Israel and Judah to this pointy with length of reign of each. 2. Reign of Joash (son of Jehoahaz) of Israel , 2 Kings xiii. 9—xiv. 1, 8-16; 2 Chron. xxv, 17-24: a. departed not from sins of Jero- DUAL KINGDOM. 123 boam, son of Nebat; b. visit to Elisha’s death-bed, result; c. in three victories he recovered cities from Syria; d. Amaziah’s challenge; e. Joash’s victory, plunder and breaking down the walls of Jerusalem; f. hostages taken; g. death and burial in Samaria. 3. Reign of Amaziah (son of Jo ash) of Judah , 2 Kings xiv. 1-22; 2 Chron. xxv: a. did right, yet not as David; b . slew his father’s murderers (see §62; 8^*.); c . army, 300,000; d. 100,000 hired from Israel; e. rebuked by a man of God , Amaziah sends them back; f their anger and raid of Judah’s cities; g. victory over Edom: (/) 10.000 slain, (2) 10,000 cast from top of a rock; k. gods of Edom brought home, set up and worshipped;/, rebuked by a prophet', j. challenges Joash of Israel; k. Amaziah disastrously defeated; /. slain by a conspiracy in Lachish. 4. Reign of Jeroboam II of Israel, 2 Kings xiii. 13; xiv. 16, 23-29; xv. 1: a . did evil in sight of Jehovah, as Jeroboam I; b. restored border of Israel from entering in of Hamath to the sea of the Arabah (Dead Sea); c . all according to Jonah’s prophecy, 2 Kings xiv. 25; d . Jeroboam II Israel’s helper; e. re¬ covered Damascus; /. had great power a*d prosperity; g. death and burial in Samaria. 124 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 5. Condition of Israel at close of Jeroboam's reign : a. territorially next to Solomon; b. living luxuriously, Amos iii. 12; vi. 8, 11, 14; c. in low state of morals, Hos. iv. 13; Amos ii. 7; iv. 1-8; viii. 12; d. fraudulent oppression, Hos. v. 1; Amos iii. 9; e. nearing state of dissolution, Amos iii. 12; v. 27; vii. 17. 6. Reign of Zechariah (son of Jeroboam II) of Israel , 2 Kings xv. 8-12: a. began 38th year of Uzziah; b. “did as his fathers had done”; c. last of dynasty of Jehu, smitten after six months reign by Shallum, a conspirator; d\ promise to Jehu fulfilled, 2 Kings x. 30. 7. Reign of Uzziah ( Azariah) of Judah , politi¬ cally, 2 Kings xiv. 21,22; xv. 1-7; 2 Chron. xxvi: a. built Elath and restored it to Judah; b. began, 16 years old, in 27th year of Jeroboam II; c. conquered Philistines; d. defeated Arabians in Gur-baal; e. Ammonites submissive; f. fame gone down to Egypt; g. fortified Jerusalem; h. improved the country; i. practiced husbandry; j. standing army 307,500; k. new weapons, offensive and defensive; /. power famous abroad; m. God made him to prosper as long as he sought him. S. Reign of Uzziah (Azariah) of Judah , religi¬ ously: a . did nght as Amaziah; b. sought God in days of Zechariah; c. took not away DUAL KINGDOM. 125 the high places; d. power fatal to him; e. smitten with leprosy in the temple; f. thrust out by priests to a several house; g. Jotham his son regent; h. Uzziah’s death and burial. 9. Contemporaneous history: a. Syria; b. Assyria; c. Edom; d. Philistines and Arabians; e. Ammon; f. Egypt. 10. Prophets in this section: I. Judah: a. prophets (to Joash), 2 Chron. xxiv. 19; b. man of God and prophet (to Amaziah), 2 Chron. xxv. 7, 15; c. Zechariah, 2 Chron. xxvi. 5. II. Israel: a , Jonah (to Jeroboam II) 2 Kings xiv. 25. 11. Contemporaneous literary prophets: a. Jonah, cf. i. 1, with 2 Kings xiv. 25; b. Hosea i. 1; c, Amos i. 1; d . Isaiah i. 1. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. iv. chaps. 7 and 9. Price, Monuments and Old Testament, §§ 142-46. Edersheim, Bible History, vol. vii. chaps. 4-6. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lees. 33 and 37. Rawlinson, Kings of Israel and Judah, chaps. 20-24. Kent, Hist. Heb. Peop., Div. Kgdm., pp. 86-91. Geikie, Old Testament Characters, on Jonah , Jeroboam II. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., §§ 248-68. Farrar, F. W , The Minor Prophets, Men of the Bible Series, 126 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. .g. C ANARCHY IN ISRAEL. * } IDOLATRY IN JUDAH. B. C. 749-727. Judah— Jotham (16), Ahaz (16). Israel —-Shallum (1 m.), Menahem (10), Peka- hiah (2), Pekah (20). 1. Reign of Shallum of Israel , 2 Kings xv. IO, 13-15: a. usurper, having slain Zechariah; b. began 39th year of Uzziah; c. slain at end of a month by Menahem. 2. Reign of Menahem of Israel , 2 Kings xv. 14, 16-22: a. usurper, having slain Shallum; b . smote and destroyed Tiphsah; c. did evil as Jeroboam; schools, Ezra viii. 15-20. 10. Literary activity in the exile: a . Jeremiah's THE EXILE. 151 teter prophecies, given in Egypt; b. Ezekiel’s (592-5 7 ° B - c -) wonderfully logical and forci¬ ble prophecies; c. Ezra’s collection and editing of texts; d. establishment of schools, formu¬ lating of lengthy traditions, etc. 11. Daniel in Babylon: #. trained in the court; b. employed in the court; c. interprets Nebu- kadrezzar’s dream, Dan. i. 16-21; ii. 1-49. 12. Contemporaneous history of Babylon . Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. v. chap. 20; vi. chaps. 11 and 13. Price, Monuments and Old Test., §§ 204-6; 221-5. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 41. Daniel, His Life and Times, Men of the Bible. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., vol. iii., Bk. X. chaps., 6-8; Bk. XI. chaps. 1-3. Kinns, Graven in the Rock, chap. xvii. in part. Fairweather, Exile to Advent, Bk. I., chap. 1-3. Davidson, Cambridge Bible on Ezekiel. Sayce, Higher Crit. and Mon., pp. 497-524. Hunter, After the Exile, Part I., chap. 1. Kent, Hist. Jewish Peop., pp. 34-65. TWELFTH PERIOD. THE RETURN. FALL OF BABYLON TO CLOSE OF OLD TESTAMENT. §74, THE FALL OF BABYLON. B. C. 538. 1. Its prediction , by whom and when? a. Isaiah, chaps, xiii., xiv; xxi. 9, 10; xli. 1-7, etc.; b. Jeremiah, xxv. 12; xxviii. 4, 11; 1., li; 2 . Its location , size, importa 7 ice. 3. Kings of Babylon since Nebukadrezzar: a. names; b. right to the throne; c. character and length of reign; d. chief events of each reign. 4. Rise of the Persian and Elamite powers: a. Cy¬ rus’ ancestry; b. his first conquests in the East; c. his advances to the North. 5. Cyrus * conquests in the West: a. extent ; b. methods; c. kind of sovereignty established. 6. Cyrus' conquests in the region of Babylon : a. reason of approach; b. policy; c. success. 7. Belshazzar s feast: a . king at this time; b. Bel¬ shazzar’s office; c. kind of feast; d. doings of the banqueters; e. writing on the wall; f probably in Accad;^. Daniel’s prominence. • 152 THE RETURN. 153 8 . Capture of Babylon: a. last point to be taken; b. easy entrance and capture; c . Daniel's po¬ sition, 9. Significance to civilization: a. end of Semitic sway and Oriental history; b. beginning of classical history; c. beginning of religious liberty; d. emancipation of Jewish exiles. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. (12, 14, 15 on the pro¬ phets) 16. Price, Monuments and O. T., §§ 207-15; 226-32. Stanley, Jewish Churchy Lee. 42. Kent, Hist. Jewish Peop., pp. 66-78; 120-125. Ball,C. J., Light,etc., pp. 207-10; 212-15; 217-220. McCurdy, Hist., Proph. and Mon., vol. iii., Bk. XI. chaps. 4-7. Hunter, After the Exile, Part I., chaps. 2-4. $ 75 . THE FIRST RETURN. B. C. 536. 2 Chron. xxxvi. 22,23; Ezra i—iii; cf. Pss. xcvii. xeix., cxv., exxvi. 1. Edict of Cyrus: a . substance of it; b . motive in Cyrus’ mind; c. Cyrus a monotheist or polytheist? d. political significance. 2. Assistance given the pilgrims: a. by command of Cyrus; b. only freewill offerings; c. vessels of the old temple at Jerusalem — 5,400 in number. 154 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. 3. Classes of those who returned: a. 42,360 Jews; b. 7,337 slaves—200 of them singers; c. of 24 courses of priests, four returned, consist¬ ing of 4,000 persons; d. 74 Levites. Note— Were there representatives of all the tribes? 4. The caravan: a. accompanied by 1000 cavalry, according to tradition; c. four months on the way. 5. Spirit of the return; cf. Isa. xl., xlviii. 20, 21; Dan. ix. 20; Ps. cxxxvii: a. religious im¬ pulse; b . national pride; c. local attractions —Jerusalem. 6 . Possessors of Palestine at their arrival: a. under Persian rule: b . occupied by some Jews; c. Samaritan peoples, (cf. § 65,11, Rem.) 7. ZerubbabeVs leadership: a. ancestry; b. zeal; c . power as leader; d. religious character. 8. Steps toward rebuilding the temple: a. collec¬ tions; b. arrangements with Tyre for timber; c, unanimity of interest. 9. Re-institution of the rites of worship , Ps. cxv. 10. Laying of the corner-stone of the second temple , Ps. Ixxxvii., cvi., cvii., cxviii., cxx-cxxxiv., cxxxvi: a. Levites’part in it; b. joy of young men, sorrow of old men. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. 17. Fairweather, Exile to Advent, chap. 4. Price, Monuments and Old Test., §§ 216-20. McCurdy, Hist., etc., vol. iii., Bk. XI. chap. 8. Kent, Hist. Jewish Peop., 126-136. Hunter, After the Exile, Part I., chaps. 5 and 6 THE RETURN. 15 $ § 76 . BUILDING OF THE SECOND TEMPLE. Ezraiv—vi; Haggai and Zechariah. 1. Delay of fifteen years , caused by the Samaritans : a. ground of opposition; b. means of stop¬ ping the work. 2 . Condition of the colony at end of fifteen years: a. small crops, frequent droughts; b . living in ceiled houses, neglectful of house of Je¬ hovah. 3. Haggai's work in changing the order of affairs: a. rebuked the people; b. encouraged them to build the temple; c. gave promise of greater glory here than in the first temple; d. char¬ acter of Haggai’s book. 4. Cyrus' edict renewed by Darius II: a . letter to Darius; b. edict of Cyrus found in the records; c. re-issued and Jews strengthened by help of the governor; d. time of this event. 5. Zechariah's work in urging on the building of the temple: a . affirms a new beginning; b. foretells great success and glory; c. does it mainly by visions; d. character of Zechariah's book. 6 . Finishing the second temple: a. time, Ezra vi. 1 5; b. joy at the dedication; c. extensive sac¬ rifices; d. as written in the book of Moses. 7. Contemporaneous Persian history , 538-515 B.C.: a. Cyrus, 550-529; b. Cambyses, 529-522; 156 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. c. false Smerdis, 8 or 9 months; d. Darius (II.) Hystaspes, 521-485. 8. Other contemporaneous history: a . battle of Marathon, 490 B. C. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. 17 in part, and 18. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 43, second half. Wright, Zechariah and his Prophecies. Haggai and Zechariah, Cambridge Bible. Farrar, Minor Prophets, Men of the Bible. Fairweather, Exile, etc., Bk. II. chaps. 1 and 2. Kent, Hist. Jewish Peop., pp. 137-152. Hunter, After the Exile, Part I., chaps. 8-11. Ryle, Cambridge Bible on Ezra and Nehemiah. §77. QUEEN ESTHER. Esther i-x. 1. Authorship: Give various views. 2. Time and place of composition: a. about 478 B. c.; b. in Susa — these answers are only probable. 3. Persian empire: a. extent; b. power; c. capital; d. contemporaneous history. 4. Susa: a. location; b. size; c. as excavated to¬ day. 5 . Special festival in session : a. time of year; b, guests; c. sumptuousness; d. length; e. ob¬ ject. 6 . Events leading to the choice of Esther as queen: a . THE RETURN. 157 banquet of servants; b. king’s demand of Vashti; c. her refusal and deposition; d. gathering of maidens; e. choice of Esther; f. Mordecai’s scheme. 7. Hainan's hatred of Jews and edict against them: a. cause; b. means of revenge; c . distribution and number of Jews in the empire; d. effect of this edict on them. 8. Mordecai's scheme and victory: a . Esther’s in¬ tercession; b. Mordecai’s promotion; c. Ha- man’s death; d. conflict of the Jews; e . com¬ memoration of the event—Purim. 9. Esther as a plot or play . 10. Object of this book: a. give an insight into the distribution and power of the Jews at that time; b. describe the origin of the feast of Purim. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. 19. Price, Monuments and Old Test., §§ 233-45. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 45 in part. Old and New Test. Student., Oct. 1889. Book of Esther and Palace of Ahasuerus, Biblio¬ theca Sacra, Oct. 1889. Hunter, After the Exile, Part I., chaps. 12-14. § 78 . SECOND RETURN.—UNDER EZRA. Ezra vii—x. K. Persian history from completion of the second 158 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. temple to Ezra , 516-458 b, c.; a. Darias II, 521-485; b. Xerxes, 485-464; c. Artaxerxes, 464-424. 2. Preliminary preparations for a journey to Jeru¬ salem: a . decree of Artaxerxes; b. assem¬ bling at the river Aha«va; c. search for Levites; d. fast; e. amount of precious metal; f. pre¬ pared for the journey. 3. Journey and arrival: a. time on the way; b. safety under way; c. arrival and rest; ^.of¬ ferings; e. commissions delivered to Persian officers. 4. Ezra's sorrow and prayer: a. trespass in case of mixed marriages; b. Ezra’s grief; c. sub¬ stance of Ezra’s prayer. 5. Ezra's victory : a. assembly of people; b. oath to put away strange wives and children; c . penalty for the one who should disregard this; d. time needed for the divorcement cases. Literature: Geikie, Hours, vol. vi. chap. 20 in part. Hunter, After Exile, I., chs. 15, 16; II.,chs. 1-4. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 44 in part. Kent, Hist. Jewish Peop., pp. 195-214. §79. THE THIRD RETURN.— NEHEMIAH. Nehemiah i — xiii. Other Scripture same as §78. I. Nehemiah at Susa: a . his position; b. relation to Mordecai; c. influence with the king; d THE RETURN. 159 means of bringing about his permission to go to Jerusalem. 2. Return and attendants: a . accompanied by cav¬ alry; b. brought letters to governors in the west; c. enemies of Israel grieved. 3. Walls of Jerusalem: a. explored by night; b. scorn of Sanballat and company; c. orderly building of the walls and gates; d. completed in fifty-two days; e, dedication, chap. xii. 27 sq. 4. Opposition of Sanballat and company: a. men of Israel watch and pray; b. half-armed for work, half for fight; c . builders armed for defense; d. people relieved for work by abol¬ ishing usury and restoring mortgaged prop¬ erty. 5. Sanballat' s provocation: a . challenge to Nehe- miah; b. the latter’s wise retort; c. attempted intimidation of Nehemiah; d, challenge to meet in the temple. 6. Reforms of Ezra and Nehemiah: a . regular reading of the law of Moses; b. dwelling in booths at the great feasts; c. observance of the Sabbath; d. regular service of the temple 7. Prayer of praise , chap. 9: analyze it. 8. Nehemiah's return to Susa , and second journey to Jerusalem: Tobiah’s offence; £. appoint ment of new officers; c. Sabbath breaking; d. mixed marriages. 160 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY, Q. Other work of Ezra and Nehemiah: a . collect- frog sacred books; b. interpreting sacred books; c. teaching students of the law; d. originating synagogue worship. Note,—-I dolatry not discoverable after the exile. Literature: Geikie, Hours, voh vi. chap. 20. Hunter, After the Exile, Part II. , chaps 5-16. Stanley, Jewish Church, Lee. 44. Kent, Hist. Jewish Peop., pp. 167-194. Ryle, Cambridge Bible on Ezra and Neh. Fairweather, Exile, etc., Bk. II., chaps. 3 and 4. §80. GENERAL REVIEW. 1. Describe the Old Testament world. 2 . Describe Palestine in detail. 3. Give the kinds of Literature^ the Books, and the number of chapters in each book, in the Old Testament 4. Give the twelve periods of Old Testament His- tory, with their dates. 5. Give the sections in the first two periods—the introduction to the history of Israel, 6. Give the sections in the next three periods —- finishing the Pentateuch. REVIEW. 161 7. Give the sections in the periods of the Conquest and Judges. 8. Give the sections in the period of the Kingdom* 9. Give the sections in the Dual Kingdom period. 10. Give the sections in the period of Judah Alone. 31 . Give the sections in the last two periods of Old Testament History, 12. Try to think through each period, naming to yourself each section from beginning to end. APPENDIX. hJ w < & m HH Q Z < E < Q Z O !x o o 1-4 o z o P4 E u w E Eh o o ft *5 ►. 3 C CO M • M CO O' •s u ffl •» S O Q O Z h-H w z < Z Q W E H Z o HH Eh U w in E ^ • o CO ft£ (2 CO a) 43 ft O u ft, •tf N ft I lO ft ft cd o u >» H 2 >>S 43 60 5 .aw 2 co W E • H Ih >» CO S3 O N O Pi • ll in >> t—I co t-4 CO m c< Cj Uh ^ O • H C-ft- • O 73 ft cd oo 73 • < CCS • H u >> CO 73 ca t3 cd 43 S3 V « S3 cd .2 ‘C Oh co 3 o, J3 +■» 0) M ✓< rt M Q. cc .2r '"'43 S 22 ca o 0 S 43 ^ 023 h cd ! E E 0) >» X3 ■+■» CO E O O C* S «°Lfl '•5 O PQ W rfl <* •« «.2 ~ Id s E J ®« COfV O ° 42 -0^7343 cd id-^r! 3 «SS W « HQ 4 CO -4-» o 43 ft o 43 cd cd a d 43 CO o 73 73 43 .- cd a 'C g cd S3 n cd • -2 • S ^ o cd 3 S3 O —c^-S Q, CO O HH Uj3 73 D E pC CO • 43 CO E _« O co-Q O a cd o 42 o 43 O o D 5 >> E co < CO s 0) u. E &> T3 a ’e CO D w , 73 ro - 1 - 1 cd cd o co -h < cd D >> vO 00 vO 162 j (890-885) 03 v- • O cn a® S-3 5(3 a o u t-3 A *° .3 O «2o rt °f S k. goo CO os a v3 © . r* ^ cs • ^3*cti r §'S 2«S° _!* *Q <4-4 2 & ^ "m ® . tn id rt t3 rt X C >2 • ^•c 1—1 i»* i—i rr . . CO ^ CO 1-4 ■3 o rt X CO a) CO •*-» V X a o X rt W X .2 ’3 o rt X CO s p w < Oh V) fl G O •« u * a, O fl u >>o flX J- > S g O^S-g-.- _, 3 ™ S-VT^S £ rt fl .2w^x fit; ® „ *%rH « rt O 50 a wt 3 3 2 <« **“J ^ 3C/} V * H rt-5 cm-* 5 o “2.g5g5-cS5 J*H N ~ 2|S W ^ vd OM Q o a ^ .2 w CO CO V o o a3 .2 g T3 cu X co ° 3 CCJ -4-> CO - S>w > fe • fl cu ^ ;x QX 'rfi 2 fl — • — co _ rt rt fl cn^ £ ■fl rt i- a! t*« WH O 3.2 ■C-o ^ n co J3 to.t: -4-» 52-m .2 o rt Kft bu oo .“s ■a »3 ■ X ■* cc rt ftrt^-C O 0 N D O d) ^-G r-^r^X: -£ -*-> -*-J ^ s^ OJ 03 CQ Woo -a o « M Jx; « asi: Qi rt-fl ^ W «-*—i T3 ^ O J3 «B~“ 2 ^-iX (M r rt « rt X .fl W<< rt x a rt x CO o is -fl 2 <« . !_ S |—>X rt 2 rt « S »C>- -> . O -4-» 0 s >—» j CO CO -4-» 0) -£3 a o u W 3 X V 3 X V Ch ' - J N "n OJ rt X as Q CO 3 .2 *5) 'S os 0) N cs 03 C0T3 2S iu 2 o " s £xS 0) -Q oJ jg^ <§ ^■g iu rt fl A a 1 < a < X rt o s rt 013 fl 4) h-> 4> O rt (/) ri a^ fl rt ■BW > “Q 3 5u « ■ Pw un oo oo oo oo oo oo vO lO oo tn to in oo oo ro m oo O T OO oo 163 ! >s l* i cfS i* • i O w 1 ain i E 3 -4-* Cu ; G 1 o U >» CO o P N P ffi > >> 03 in <2 • fH H .a m m oo ij, 5 ►£» t~H m ■G< r^H 'N 'd < o ft T) aJ . T? cS 5'C 33 >» S3 CO >* . . O) ^ w %< “«« c ° o3 ft 1 G 73 ft CO -4-> ft ft o ft W < CO rt 43 w s ft o3 53 o >. cn ' O !>> d fe w C3_ .13 B ft Bft d x"0 8w« •" 43 S3 03 -5 — < SJS S x x 0) 05 ^ • tiMH 03 P Q •- & a£ 53 .8* m _a w ^ w pH t- P 0 ) >> < HH X^. O £ P (J 03 £ o 1 05 X CD -4-i X P O CD m -4-> P ^ r p CD P P V-I 03 H-f o O 4-h • 43 o O 03 ^ c n J-. P W n3 X 0) O .5 o 03 1 -> 43 P v ’£ P HP p p o XI C a5 -4-* CJ 5-h *rr "CO ain_ .B o r '•« Ht3 w 0) ►—( >"“» E a) px o-ti n .ft O v- c/3 O V 4-H X O 05 V o X 'J-» KX ^ . ^ 0)- O aJ rn ^ *~* TO ^ m m (Di^ 0)i-H Qft c5 C/3 -*-> aj X a o T3 05 — •^X O) o X OS a <13 N x oj ^T5 TO fl) X CJ ^ o > x # g c5 lo 05 a V-. D cn P l i O CD o 43ft tn a! 03 > tfi B o p X H—r j_> ~n5 >-4 05 TZJ 03 ‘S X 0) ^ o 05 i- -4-J o O '-*~M h3 o5 03 ^33 rt S _. o 3 __. n p ». lJ3 j 3 T3 oj ^ cS „ —‘ 3 i-ri ^ B 0) Wi- >3 hX P CO 03 05 •—' 0) COvX 05 CO^ X O P X 05»—> O o5 •—« , *—' 3 « bp« •S.S E t: a a & ft o >—« T3'5 OJ rt a T! cn 3 tfl «i 0> 03 tn G < O W c3 6 Q o-d oo (U bO a> i_ xT-q rt .B n k 03 03 N g O S -43 .-- m od lom-< 05 ' L - *N X N ^ & cf X o5 NJ 05 05 03 o •*■4 H< G ro 10 « w •*G H-I CO Hi < 4-1 :a° A . HH <4-4 n ° ( 1 ) W - 4 2 kg h a: tO $ J O ~ co ► a o < E G K* < 3 J HH o E H w < on ^ X! -G O -h» CM CM 0 CM m co G w 03 a-* d.P ow X O’HH »-4 O 0 *—»h<: X 0 G JG -4-» 4H U G CO - ^ G h-< r? > G o^' to to n —■. 3'— 6 >>x S X d X fl 43 x' 3 ^ 3 tO o •‘5 u ' 3 S o 3 X 03 03 u o >> Non a _o o ^ S x a) oj a H x • 5.2 rt cs< C 3 w 62 , o o x >— g h (3 O ' a i_ ” - V 03 a o~ >> H* (—1 <4-t _ , = rt °3 3 g 8 ~ x5 Ut! m<< >>£ • 8 bO >» y co HH CO , 3* X a >.£ a M Vh C 0 ) C to 0)0 j 3 ^ 13 a c x \jn\D , cd G •r’ 4*1 H a 4 ) X 03 a 43 £ M—< o G o co -C G • •—i X 03 X 03 •*■* ’ O in d uj ox aa ^ s a r*a ^ O N v cd :-G 'G g ►—> S 0 *“■ 2 * ■ 1 1 ax ° b/) o GX 5 5 g G o o U 4 a _ fl) cd •*-» O E CO •+-* 0 -G ft O E <; Q E x . . d flA •c rt 2.- xg > <-> U X « N X N w x >> to X XT) o o> rt •— H °* " 3 <-> G co O a. 2 « >- a o o to u (0 x x ^ >,x X ' M 3 "° .5 a o 3 d Tn 4) a o "d I* d 4 > >> 4 -a to ti .X a to °x to -— 03 to.-. a N 32 N X d — 1 —. a a 3 43 O ^-d u a 43 d S’” a o « ^ v ‘"ii±: a to x — x 10 9 m H-P a f l~. — to 03 ‘ oX co to^ to P 43 43 a O » ^ i-Sss (2xSo 0 JU CO >-» G-G G > U a) G X) « ^ 4 ~» G S)^ - 0 co *“• G /^s ^ vO w 0 .85 »3 03 d •—< G V —• -G G • pH t£ N X s w CM >> CO 0 ^ >> O JG - 4 —• OO I CO I ? E d bo a —.bo »- a 43 X a a . 43 he'd -h .— a S'- bo X c 2 a S ’n^ n N ^_> G E °5 bo a bo a 43 -- ag, hh r* . a; bo-4-4 —G 0 bo 0 G 0 CO p, 0 -G g •2 «* N - kX y N -d ” Ei I O —— I—. 43 —■' 1 —.< H i—.< o X — O' ro o o XX o X X N twin O O'— XX - 4 —* 4 —* _G O CO-H» l^HvO -a .2 *N N H< G 0 cd 0 Tj '-a G G TJ CM m G . QW o m r>* O' OO Tj- C? q. r-s t>. oo CO co m co nc a w* • O cn S'S a o O ■ u 42 4> n cn 4) J2'ft r*H I CSX 4 J 2*51) ^ •-* oPh C/3 k cj '£ sj E/3 <2 CD fH <+-» rt ° 1" C/3 LO o i> > cax tS x« . 1 a cT x-S M o t- ca m l T 3 C M O — N I-. ^ «> 0)Ww s t n h-» 43 X! ft o lH Ph T3 V T3 o .J w < 0^ co W M ctf W -^.2 - X b X JS ®-S-a Ph a ■■ Qx < JS oj .a'V'XM +'o«y N 1 - ) n c3 hh4h +* u> ,43 4-» .a -»-> id g* O co S a > S a>"“ * ca f-.be . o x-Sj^-S £ a oJ £ O N o 2 <0 X! co O EC Ctf Eo CO J-l £ > X fc4 oj l-d oj o >> ”d CO u Pd a.s a^ 5 CO Cti CO •O* 1 0.0 OJ D a be <22 ja’w £ a *C.X ca w ** 4> ^ 1/2 P, SL_, ca 2 0 • i-h’S'C) ca>-t tr a « a °t x o o j? buo a • 5 c ca ciS-s-S'S o 2 it:^s O O s ca pgo 3 g’-^'S-SP.S OT a u^s firt-Sr?" O^h-h ■+-» HH «♦-* EC CO -4-* 0 ) 43 Pd O u- Ph 43 cd CO 43 OJ o tc < Q E^ ° 8 «X3 « a-la >,N «''§, S^^g O T} o T3 ca u, 3 JO 1 2 °s « " J.N 1> W x ca ft< -mXX ftj ^^<<0 bfi - a ^ .a •+ a ^ .S 0) be o> 41 cn a be a 22 • Oh M C /3 ho « 8 | > cj <1 ^ ^43 M O'? «HH a *5 m be 43 02 N' gs >• s« *2*2$ —> M HH - P» h3 1 - ■" 0) w 02 >> 72 O . 42-a tg S 1 ft 81 ,.^GS Pd M 43 .2 2 V N 0) EC u cd - < 42 O' >> . xi : r X ca • HH , XH fl Hm CO 0\ 0 \ 0 \ vO s fl 3 a X 03 ’fl X M S rt 3 o M 00 o O' CO 0 I n O' vO O' 00 O fl fl - c/3 c n < w a A CU bD w a3 a> *-*—4 CD T3 i5 03 c3 o3 a-gc£ O O. o *. be 3 Mfl m in x x a 03 X O X X 03 < 03 4) a a CJ Cl o b D' rt * If) a o u fl o X rt M 03 03 ^ > 03 g 10 • o o x «v/ 03 •-xX fl— O o *- k* 03 y ^ 3 X fl fl — O ■°8. a 0$ rt S'O ■a" 6 eS k. CO o' 53 -*-* rt 3 m fl 03 fl 9 03 CJ . *2 >Q >>.2 32 1:6 X rt-9 4> a 3 x x rt >x — fl fl 2 OT c rt'S.Sc^ •* 1 • •■ CO ond- U P 1) N rt CJ cj 03 ---X fl' 51 rt >^3 og ^^x "S J— co rt o ‘- n rt ^ 2 « ^ £3 o>™ __x o) a w Si fl T3 ~ X ^ fl-a fl CO 03 o CO 3 CJ O rt'* - —X ‘^2 to C CO —« O- CJ rT--^ fl »- o o rt S- " a &.B “ a 0 ”X. 03*5Pt o a CO 03 • X fl o rtX X fl rt — x k X fl O 03 aM rt fl o rt 05 X ‘u-r 03 9 03 rt rt — fl 3 flXi Si 2u a . QW 0 1* co Cl M O M M M ♦H O O • IS is. 00 S 167 m O .2 ta !i 03 J3 t •a (3 XI tH 3 ,3 co c >, JO 'd O) |H 03 'd s 3 r™* a . <3 "d w a 3 C/2 *d 0) x: 03 *—H JO d X 03 13 3 o m d > 3 d d ■ H 0) J- |S gm 00 3 00 d<> *3 d 03 U i 8 1 > 3 /*S CO a */> & s O 1 S5 O O > « < M Q J5 < >* C/2 C/2 < o.H;S 8 *? 8d e U - SS ■^t Es -*-* TO • m < «*-» O X3 ,3'X- _ (N CT2 3^?S cn'-j CL) GS -o Of d 03 T3 °°2 03 T3^ CO 3 3 & -*-> -a^-g S ° 3.2 f m >3 X -3-» 5 ^ a 3 O d- 3 C 3 03 9 W^T) Tj 3 -- irt_^ aJ CQ co — 5<-S‘ cd > 4-> 0) O 0 03 B- a s J3_« 03 • 03 •Sts a S 3 03 rt ’*• S « C/2 2r§' m vO s-< d — 0 N t< Ja n -o „ 03 ,2 h-TJ d^ S >2 ca rt XX - gj 2-= 03 >> X d « £ co d . N/-S N d 03X3 v- xjn .'g VO o*> 2 S ujs a-gS > cj ^ 2 x 5 « be 2 g .S'S^W'go Sgg; Z 03 -*-i a; -3 a o w cw ffi < Q d N O K X d 2 2 ffi 03^3 X! a, JS X o aS 3 a ft i 0 P aj k -M XS P cd a) cn l«< cJ >*» a-a 0 cts X 03-— 03 •—1 be 03 n^: K «o® a*—n3 bo's oT W®a 3 o O 03 “ a 3.S& d*“ | 2 0 X 3 03 • X -*-> 03^3 3.a> «as i_ 03 o 9 >'*H J, 82" JjS £ du > &-S ° JgS S« >, X "O 03 3 O hi | -a - O 3 X>, -g O Xja O 03 03 ° XS^ 2- Bflu M ^3 K 03 03 H 3 d"® *2 x3 ° a jaSro O q « O 3 -d 03 O °T3.2 O 03 O-g 03 I- d N N 03 3- -a d 23 O 3 JO 03 £ O .SJi _ J2 "3 W X3 ■5 03.2 g 03 .2 1 - - ’ 02 a«—»x< 2 • ‘ OvO d o 3^-s O M 3-3 d . as Sq oU O —' T3 3 3 O rt >. 2-2 gm >! xQ ° 03 2> >^.3 jo > X |B ■Sga to^’> So * d « 2^03 am h 03 . 3 2 : ” ,5o« cd m • ^ 2S". 03 ^6 d . Qffl oo sS - vO >>0 vS >0 sOvO % in 168 SECTION III—THE CAPTIVITY AND EXILE. B. C. 597-538. CO a o cd S5 u. CD 00 00 to I ro Os lO o a o h Sw cfl.S tc Ph -l-> a >. bo W o\ o in I 00 00 vo aJ l-i XI a, o ►h Xt Td 4) VrH m 0) bo aS >> +-> co < o> >. 00 H 'o To w vo i, 'O vo CO aj W P4 W Ph Q £ < z o P >H PQ V» a cd CJ cn £ >a>.5 # cd n43 o ai 43 u cd Oh^*~ cd—<££) O'f CJ — cut; ^ w o 6153 °^ fu 4) 73 it CO JO Jr n a> c a) cfl ^w-c 5 «« > 4) >, CD . cd - o £ J2 ^ o . bfl - S co cd aii a .H rt-~ >Ph3 o o t-c (1 &.S, ■W rt O £ „ j= . 03 ' OTTJ *Tl *-< O 1>>^ O 04343 Cd CJ CJ cd - rH cd H 4: a bo w cn & 0) 43 cd 43 cd 1 T3 £ cd a. cd ^ CJ o ro u . CD •—i 43 43 4-> O U C3 « i- . •* © <—i ft O !-• l k .S fi 1 5® to o 3 >» X3 to “(S 3 3 W fee Pn J3 -a © T3 3 3 O N-l > >> hJU •■*•* W3 •«.a '3 la* >' 3 JQ** "» 3 W ft CO ed to O- —i be SO gw S CJ in o t-» in in -xi- i/i in i/i 3 © vO HH jz: o HH H U w co m a o -*-» 0) •a a o cd fe¬ ed s o » co xi 3 3 fcM u 8 vn £ vn Va»<» «d • w cn fe- 0) Ph v/1 OO 8 M itn m d> a WQ cd o fefi ,2 -*x "S3 CO bP © efi tom 3 ^sS’S a «“ « 3 aPn u ©Q vD "d* « i/^ o© ■xf m o X fe- Q X so to © X lx © X 3 03 -*-» © X ft o lx Oh 3 bo be 3 X cd • *C J3 cd u X2 cd u CD N ^cd s X < Q P SJa ft © S © N! « L>I x a .2 « 3 -XX *« S gP T) « s? 1-43 "■C 2* CO O T3 © TJ TJ 3 3 TJ © 0) Ti a o u > PL"a E*« © ^'gp2 « o sr 1 © >■. 3 3 ft a o u ? 3 fe4 N W w O •*"« si 3 O ** © ©. |o Qqq % % « in ^ in VJO 8 uri \D O tnO O'^OO W M Q^OO CO iS\Q vn ^ ^ UTi '*Cf ^ Tf Tj* Tf* xf V" no 871 8 4 9 842 842 836 799 786 749 742 728 6g8 642 640 608 608 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY, 1ECTION V. —THE KINGS OF JUDAH. KINGS. 1. Rehoboam (17) Prophets. Contemporaneous Kings of Israel. Shemaiah, Iddo. Jeroboam. 2. Abijam (3). 3. Asa (41). 4. Jehoshaphat (25) 5. Jehoram (8). 6. Ahaziah (1). Azariah, Hanani, Jehu. “ Nadab, Baasha, Elah, Zimri, Omri, Ahab. Jehu, Jahaz- iel, Elie- zer. Ahab, Ahaziah, Jehoram, Jehoram. (o) Athaliah (6). 7. Jo ash (40). 8. Amaziah (29), 9. Uzziah (52). 10. Jotham (16). 11. Ahaz (16). 12. Hezekiah (29). 13. Manasseh (55). 14. Amon (2). 15. Josiah (31). 16. Jehoahaz (3 mo.). 17. Jehoiakim (11). 18. Jehoiachin (3 mo.). 19. Zedekiah (11). FALL OF JERUSALEM. Obadiah. Jehu. Joel, Zech- ariah. Zechariah, Isaiah, Micah. Jehoahaz, Joash. Joash, Jeroboam II. Jeroboam II, Zachariah, Shallum, Menahem, Pe* kahiah, Pekah. Pekah. “ Hoshea. Hoshea. Nahum. Jeremiah. Zephaniah, Habakkuk. 171 THE DYNASTIES OF ISRAEL, SECTION VI. — THE DYNASTIES OF ISRAEL. Dynasties. First. Second. Third. Fourth. - fifth. Sixth. Seventh I Eighth. Ninth. KINGS. Prophets. Contemporaneous Kings of Judah. 1. Jeroboam (22).. * 2. Nadab (2). Ahijah. Iddo. Rehoboam, Abijah, Asa. 46 3. Baasha (24). Jehu. 0 # 4. Elah (2). fc 5. Zimri {7 days). Greece, in Europe, 38 Gur-baal, Arabian city, {24 IJABAKKUK, PROPHET, 14* Habor, 130 Hachilah, 87 Hadadezer of Zobah, 92 Hagar, story of, 42 Haggai,.prophet, 155 Haiah, 130 Hara and descendants, 37 Kaman, the Agagite, 157 Hanani the Seer, 106, 114 Hannah, 78, 80 HaraD, 40, 4 *» 45 Hauran, 11. Hazael of-Syria, 120, iai Hazeroth, 57 Hazor, 14, 66 Hebrew poetry, 30 Hebron, 18, 65, 66,68, 90 Heman, 83, 92 Hereth, forest of, 87 Heshbon, 14, 59 JBZAN, TENTH JUDGE, 76 Institutions during the exile, 150-1 Isaac, sacrifice of, career of, 43 Isaiah, prophet, 128; to Hezekiab, 145, 149 Ish-bosheth, qi Ishmael, birtn of, 42 Ishmael, seed-royal, murderer of Geda- liah, 147 Israel, Jacob named, 45 Israel, introduction to, history of, Gen. i—xi. 9 Issachar, territory of, 68, 131 Ittai, 94 JABESH, 87 Jachin, pillar, 101 Jacob’s wanderings, 45-46 Jacob and Esau, 44 Jahaziel, prophet, 113 Jair, eighth judge, 76 Japheth’s part in Shem’s God, 37 Jashar, book of, 65, 90 Jebus, conquest.of, 90 Jebusites, 16 Jeduthun, 92. Jehoahaz, king of Israel, 121 Hezekiah.king of Judah,. 102,129-134, 145 „ j u dah, 140 High places, 112, 136; in Samaria, Si m *j e h 0 iachin, king of Judah, 16,142, 149- eon, Naphtali, 138 Jehoiada, high priest, 121 Hinnom, valley of, 136 Jehoiakim, king of Judah, 16, 140-1,145* Hiram of Tyre, 91 149 Hittites, 3 9 ,44, 97 Jehonadab, son of Rechab, 120 Holy of holies^ 55 Jehoram, kiog of Judah, I 6 t 116,119 Holy Land, 8 Jehoram, son of Ahab, king of Israel, Hophra, king of Egypt, 143 , , - - . , . . tj o Jehoshaphat, king of. Judah, 110,112A3 dot, Mu, 50 145 Horeb, Mt, Moses in, 53; Elijah at, 115 Jehu, soirof Hanani, prophet, 112 Horses, first use of, 66 Koshea, king of Israel, 126, 129 Host of heaven worshipped, 136 Huldah, prophetess, 139, 145 Hur, Aaron and, 55 Hushai, 94 Hystaspcs, Darius (II), 156 Jehu, king of Israel, 117,120 Jephthah, ninth judge, 76 Jeremiah, prophet, 139 Jericho, jo, 14; destruction of, 64; Elijah at, 116; school at, 117 Jeroboam I, king of Israel, 103-6, 138 “ II, “ “ 123 Jerusalem, 14; names, location, 15: his¬ tory of, 16; ownership, 68; 78; de* PROPER NAMES AND TOPICS. 1S9 stmetion, 736; captivity, 142; five Languages, origin of different, 39a captivities of, by Nebukadreezar, 146; Law found in the temple, 138 walls rebuilt, 159 Leah and Rachel, 45 Jesse, father of David, 82 Lebanon, S Jethro, father-in-law to Moses, 49, 54 Levites, work of, 57 Jews slain at Mizpah, 147 Liberty, beginning of religious, 153 Jezebel, Ahab’s wife, 100-10; slain, *20; Libnah, 65; revolt of, 119 * 3 ^ _ Longevity of the ante-diluvians, 33 Jezreel, Ahaziah of Judah at, 120 Lot and Abraham, 40, 41 Joab, David s general, 91, 96 “ and destruction of Sodotn, 42 Joash of Israel, 16, 102, 122. Lud, L y dia nS/ 39 “ Judah, 121; law at coronation of, 138 Johanan, of remnant in Palestine, 147 Jonah’s message to Jeroboam II, 123 Jonathan, 84-6 Joppa, city, 14 Jordan, river, 9-10 j^ACPELAH, CAVE of, 43 Mahanaim, city or camp, r4,9i, 94 Makkedah, Canaanitish city, 65 Mamre, oaks of, 41 Man, creation of, 24-25. antiquity of, 27 Joseph sold in Egypt, 46; imprisoned andManasseh, tribe, 60; king of Judah. 102; promoted, 47; bones buried, 70 Joshua, 53, 63 131: career of,135*6; altars ofcremoved 138, 145 Josiah, king of Judah, 102; career of, Manna, food, 53 137-9 Joiham, king of Judah, 126-7 Jubilee year, 57 Judah, sin of, 45; territory of, 68 * Judah alone, period of, si. Judea, 8 Judges, period of, 21, 72-83 PRADESH BAKSEA, 58, 65 Kadesh, wilderness of, 61 Karkar, no Kibroth- hataavah, 57 Keilah, 87 Kingdom, period of the, si, 84-102 dual, 2i, 103— 128 Merari, 92 Manoah, 76 Maon, 87 Marah, waters of, 53 Marathon, battle of, 156 March to the sea, 51; to Sinai, 53 Marriages, mixed, condemned, 158-9 Mattaniah, see Zedekiah. Medes, captives of Israel with the, 130 Mediterranean sea, 8, 10, 39 Melchi-shua, son of Saul, 88 Melchizekek, 41 Menahem, king of Israel, 126, 128 Menzaleb, lake, 52 Mephiboshetb, of Saul, 94 Kings of the east, invasion by, 41 Kirjath-jearim, 80,91 Korah, and his host, 58; 92 J^ABAN AND JACOB, 45 Lachish, 65 Laish, 79 Lakes of Palestine, 10 Lamech** song and the origin of the arts,Michmash, 84 Midian, 49 Merib-baaf, gTandson of Saul, 88 Merodacb-Baladan king of Babylon, 133 Merom, lake, ro, 66 Mesha, king of Moab, 109, 113 Mesopotamia, 39; invasion by kings of, 72 Mie-ah, prophet, 70, 128; to Judah, 149 Micaiah, prophet, no Midhal, 86 190 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY Midiantte oppression, 74 Migdol, 53 Miriam, Moses* sister, $3, 57 Mir pah, 14', Mizpeh, 71, 76, 80, 8», 83, 87 Mizraim (Egypt), 57 Moab, 72, 83, 147 Omri, king of Israel, 109; house of Omri extirpated, 120 Oppression, first Philistine, 73; Moabite, 7a; Canaanitc, 73; Midianite, 74 Oriental history, end of, 153 Oman, 95 Orpah, 77 Othniel, first judge, 71 Outfit for Old Testament study, 19 Moloch, 127 Mordecai, 157 Moriah, Mt,, 43, 100 *_>*»* Moses’ training, 49; appeal to Pharaoh, P ADD AN- ARAM, 44 49, 50; leadership of Israel, 50*62 Murder, first, 31 J^AAMAH, 97 Naaman the Syrian, *16 Nabal, 89 Naboth, 7a, no Nadab, king of Israel, to? Nahor, 44 Nahum, >39 Naioth, 86 Naphtali, territory of, 68 Nathan, the prophet, 92,93 Natural History of Palestine, it Nazarite, 57, 77, 80 Palestine, geography, 7*11; name, ?: plains, 9 takes, io;sea, brooks, 10; political divisions, 13; possessors of, at return of exiles, 154 Paran, wilderness, 58 Passover established, 51; observed, 57, *39 Patriarchal period, 40-47; political divis¬ ions in, 13 Pekah, king of Israel, 126,128 Pekahiah, king of Israel, 126 Pfcnuel, Jacob at, 45 Peer, 59 Periods of time in Bible, 20 Periods of Old Testament History, 20-21 Nebukadrezzar, 16. 102; at Jerusalem, i43Persian and Elamite powers, rise of, 152 Nebuzaradan’s destruction of Jerusalem, Pharaoh and Abraham, 40; and Jacob, 146 48; and Moses, 42-62 Necho, expedition through Palestine, 139 Philistia, 8 Nehemiah, 16; third return under, 158-60' Philistines, plunder Jerusalem, 10; 43,95 New Testament period, political divis- Phoenicia, 8 ions in, 13 Nimrod, 38 Noah's prophecy, 37 Nob, 86 North pole, Eden at, s6 0 BADIAB, AHAB*S servant, 109 Obed-edora, 91 Obelisks broken, *3 Oded, father of Azariah, 106 Oded, a prophet to Israel, 1*7 Offerings, significance of the, 56 Og, king of Basban, 59, 6i Old Testament world, 6 44 “ books of, 17 w 44 history, periods of, 30-21 Pi-hah«roth, 52 Pisgah, 59, Ca Plagues in Egypt. 50, 51 Plains of Palestine, so Polygamy, first, 31 Post-diluvian period, 30*34*395 Pofiphar, 47 Prediction, first, by man, 37 Prophets, schools of the, 8s Pul, see Tigiath-pileser. Puerishment of serpent, Adam and Eve, 38 Punishment, capital, established, 37 Purification, laws of, 56 Purim, feast of, 157 Purity of atmosphere in Palestine, xa PROPER NAMES AND TOPICS. 191 ^CTAELS, SURFEIT of, S7 Queen of Sheba, 99 Sanballat’s opposition to Nehemiah, 159 Sarah, wife of Abraham, 43 Sargon, king of Assyria, 129; invasion of, R ABBAH, Saul's «r«r; 8,-8 Rachel and Leah, 45 Schools of the sons of the prophets, 117 Racial affinity, scientific evidences of, 39 Sea of Palestine, 10 Rahab, 63, 64 Rain in Palestine, 12 Ramah, 81, 83, 106; school at, 117 Rameses to Snccoth, 51 Ramoth Gilead, 14, no, 112 Rebekah, finding of, 43 Rechafc, 12c Red Sea to Arnon, 59 Reforms of Ezra and Nehemiah, 159 Refuge, cities of, 60; east of Jordan, 61 Regal period, political divisions in, 13 Rehoboam, 16, 97, 102; career of, 103-4 Remnants in Palestine, and Egypt, 147-9 Rephidim, 53 Resto*ation, period of, 21, 152-60 Return, first, 153-4; second, under Ezra, 157-8; third, Nehemiah, 158-60 Reuben, Gad and half-tribe of Manas* seh,70 Review, general, 160-1 Rezin of Syria leagued with Pekah against Ahaz, 126 Riblah, Zedekiah condemned at, 146 Roll cut by Jehoiakim, 141 Rnth, 70, 77, 78 Seasons of Palestine, 12 Semitic sway, end of, 153 Sennacherib, king of Assyria, 132; inva¬ sion of, 134 Serpent, 27; Moses’, destroyed, 130 jSeth, descendants of, 31 Settlement of the tribes, 67 Seventh day,24 Shallum, king of Israel, 124-6 Shalmaneser II, ito “ IV, 129 Shamgar, third judge, 73 Shamir, 75 Sharon, 8 Sheba, son of Bichri, 45 Shechem, 14; first altar in Canaan at, 40 Jacob at, 45; 68, 70,74; Rehoboam at 103, 147 Shemaiah, prophet, 105 Shem’s future, 37 “ d^scendarits, 39, 40 Shibboleth, 76 Shil h, 68, 79, 89, 82. 100 Shimei 94, 96 Shina% 39a Shishak, 16; 102 gABBATH,ORIGIN and significance S hunem, 87; Elisha at, 116 of, 24; desecration, 159 Shur; 53 Sabbatical year, 57- Siege of Jerusalem, 146 Sacrifice,29 human, in. Old Testament,43 Sihon, king of Amorites, 59 Salt Sea, 10 Simeon, tribe, 68 Samaria, 8, 14 68; Elisha at, 116; be- Sin, wilderness of, 53 sieged by Syrians, 117; fall of, 129 Sin of Adam and Eve, 27 sq. Samaritans, origin of, 130; delayed tem¬ ple building, 154-5 Samscn, thirteenth judge, 76 Samuel’s career, 80-3 Sinai, march to, 53; doings at in Exodus, 54; to the Arnon, 57 Sisera, 73 Smerdis false, 156 So, king of Egypt, 129 192 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. Sodom, fate of, 43 Sodomites removed, 106, 13s Sojourn in Egypt, 49 Solomon’s ca eer, 95-9; high places of Solomon, 138; j »5 Solomon's temple, 99-10* Song of Moses, 62 Sons of God and daughters of men, 34 South country, 8, II 40,65' Spies’ work, 58 Succoth, 51 Sun, images, 138: horses and chariots of the, 138 Sun standing still, 65 Susa, 156, 158 Sword, flaming, *8 Synagogue, origin of, 160 Syrians, 93 rpABERAH, 37 Tabernacle, 55, 100 Table of nations, 38 Tabor, Mt., 71 Tah pah nes, Jeremiah at, 148 Tarshish, ship 9 of, 98, iib Temperature of Palestine, la Temple, Solomon’s, 99*103; repajred,i38; corner-stone of second, 134; building of second, 155-6 Temptation and fall, 27*8 Thebez, 75 Tibni and Omri, 108 Tiglath-pileser, 136, 1*9 Tigris, river, 39 Time, periods of, covered by the Bible, ao Time, periods of, between Adam and the Tower of Babel. 39a Tribal period, point ai divisions in, 13 Tribes, settlement of, in Canaar, 67 Ty»c, » 4 ) >54 |JK OF THE CHALDEES, 40, 41 Urijah, prophet, 141 Urim, 87 Uzeah, 9* Uzziah, king of Judah, 194, 135, i«8 ■yASHTI, queen of Persia, 137 RADIES OF PALESTINE. »© Wall, writing on the, 153 Walls of J erusalem rebuilt, 159 Wanderings, period of, 20, 51*6* War, civil, 77 Wars of Jehovah, book of, 59 Why study O. T. History? 1-5 Wilderness, 53; of Sin, 53; of Paren, 58 Winds of Palestine, 1a ^EKXES (Ahasuerus), 158 YEARS, sabbatical and jubilee, $7 5 JAREPHATH, Efijah at, it j Zachanah, son of Jeroboam II. king of Israel, 124 Zebulon, territory of, 68; 13* Zechariah, prophet stoned by Joashof Jud..h,121 Zechariah, prophet under Uiziahofju* dah, 134 Zechariah, prophet, contemporary of Haggai, 155 Zedekiah, 16, 143-3, «4>} Zephaniah, 139 deluge, 3* Timnath-Serah, 69 Tiphsah smitten, 126 Tirzah, capital of Israel, 107 Tobiah, the Ammonite, 159 Toi of Hamath, 92 Tola, seventh judge, 75 Tophet, 136,138 Zerubbabel, leader of returning exiles, *54 Ziba, 94 Ziklag, 89 Zimri, 7-day-king of Israel, 107 Zin, wilderness ok 58 Ziph, wilderness of, 87. Zobah,85 Zoology of Palestine if INDEX OF SCRIPTURE TEXTS PAGES. GENESIS i-ii. 3.. 23 xlvi —1 . it 4-25. 25 *lix. 17....:.,.. iii.. • e •• iy . t ^ ^EXODUS i. 8—vu. 13 PAGES. ... 48 ... 28 ▼;. 3 * vi.—viii. 14.. 37 viii, 15—ix. 29. 37 viii. 20. 99 x. .. 38 *“9 . 39a xi. 10-32....... 32 xL IO—xiii. iS.. 4° xu. 6~8> ...*m .......... 99 xii. 24* 25. 99 xiv. 3...... ...... #.**•# SO xiv. 1-17,18-20.. 4t XT. I—xxi. 21 .. 42 XYii. 10-14.. 63 xix. 37. 38. 85 xxii. 1, 2 , 14.... ........ 100 xxii—xxiv. 43 xxv—xxvii.. 44 xxv. 7. xxviii. 10—xxxiv. 31. xxviii. 18-22. 99 xxxv. 1-3, 6,14, 15. 99 xxxv. 1-20.. 46 49 50 *33 v»». 14—x. 29. ix. 9 sq. xi—xiv. 14. 51 xiv. 15—xv. 21. 52 xv. 22—xviii. 27. 53 xviii—xix .. .. 54 **• 3,4 . 101 **. 24 , 25. 99 xxi—xxiii. 61 xx —xxxii. 55 Kxxiii—xxxiv. 56 xxv. 8.. 100 XXV. 10-22 . 101 xxv. 18-22. *8 XXV— xl .,. IOO xxvii. 9-18. 100 xxix. 42-45.-too xxxv—xl. 55 3 2 LEVITICUS i. X ^«••••••• 101 45 i —xxii. 56 xiii. 8. 132 xxv. 57 xxvi. .11, 12.-. 101 xxxv. 23-26. 45 __ xxxv. 28, 29. 44NUMBERS i—iv. 57 xxxvii— xl... 46 iii. 29-31. 91 xli—xiv. 47 iv. 5, 15, 19, 20. 91 vi—ix. 57 *93 194 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. PAGES. PAGES. x. 11*—xii. 16 .... xxiii—xxiv. 30-... • • • • xiii—xiv___ . 58 xxiv. 2 . IA _ _ _ xvi ... . 56 xxiv. 32.......... XVI—XVlll.. xx—xxi. 3.............. xxi. 4-xxiv. 25.___ .. xxv—xxvii. 11. 60 xxxi—xxxii............. 60 xxxii. k—38. 67 xxxi v. 11. 10 XXXV. 58 JUDGES i. 70 58 ii. 6-IO. 69 5 9 ii—ii*. 30. 72 iii* 31. 73 iii. 19,26. 63 v. 20. 65 v —i*.r. 74 vi. if, 36. 133 *•*.2. 75 x. 3—xvi. 31. 76 iv • 73 xvii—xviii... 70 xix—xxi. ..... 71 60 61 10 67 DEUTERONOMY i—xxvi iii. 17.—. vii. 1*5. xn. 8*i^«..< ........... 101 xiii. 6*9... 115 xvi. 16. 101 RUTH i... 77 xxi. 23. 65 ii—iv. 78 xxvii—xxxiv .. 62 iv. 18-22.... ... 78 xxvni. 25, 52-68 . 145 j SAMUEL i. 9> 14-17.... 78 xxvm.27. 133 xxxiii_ 48 JOSHUA i -v. 63 V. 7 . 10 vi—ix. 27. 64 vii. 6.................. 80 viii. 1.-. 34 *. 65 xi—xii... 66 xii. 3. 10 xiii . 67 xiii. 27 .. 10 xiv .. 67 xv—xix.... 68 xxi . 67 xxii . 68 xxii. 10—27«.•. ... .... lot i. 9. 78, 100 1—iv. I... 80 ii. 12-17, 22-25. 78 ii. 27-36. 78 ii* 34 . *33 iii. 3 . 100 iii. 11-18. 79 iv. 1-18. v. i—vii. 2. vii. 10. vii. 3-14. vii. 15—viii, 22. ix-—xi... ix. 1—xi. 13.... x. 25.. xi.. .. 79 *- 79 .. 65 .. 80 .. 8i .. 84 .. 81 83 -85, 88 SCRIPTURE TEXTS. 195 PACES. PAGES. .. 81 2 SAMUEL i. 18-27. 65 1 —ii. 4... 90 xiii . 88 xiii. 8-15. 82 xiii—xiv. 46. 84 xiv . 85 xiv. 47-48.85, 88 xv ... 82, 85 xvi. 1-5. 88 xvi. i-i 3 ...... ......_ 82 xvi. 13. 79 xvi. 14-23. 86 rrii. 12-58. 89 xvii—xviii. 5.. 85 xviii. 6—xix. 10.86,89 xix. 11-24. 86,89 1 xix. 13.... ... 88 xix. 16..... 71 XIX. 18— 22 .... ........... 82 xix. 18-24 ... ..84, 88 xix. 20---...82,117 xx. 18, 24-29. 88 xx—xxiv............ ..86, 89 xxi. 1-9. 88 xxi. 7. 85 xxii. 6*19****.......... 88 xxii. 9, 18. 85 xxii. 23. 85 XXV. 89 XXV. 1. 82 xxvi.87, 89 xxvii... 89 xxviii. 87, 89 xxviii. 3-25 ............ 83 xxix.... 89 xxx. 89 xxxi.. . ..87, 88 II—VI . 91 vi. 1-12. 100 vii. 1—13.—. 100 vii—xi. 1. 92 xi—xiv... 93 xii. 26 31. 92 xv—xxi. 94 xxi. 1-11. 65= xxi. T2-14.. .. 90 xxi. 15-22. 95 xxiv ................... 95. xxiv. 17-25.. IOO KINGS i. 1—ii. 11. 95 iii I. 97 iii. 4—15, . 96 iv. 1-6. 97 iv. 7-28. 98 iv- 11, 15. 97 iv. 22-28 ..97, 98 iv. 29-54. 97 iv. 34 . 97 V. 6, 8-12. 9S v. 7, 12. 97 v — vii 1. 100 v. 13-18. 97 VI. I, 38. IOO vi. 5-10. 101 vi. 7. 98 vi. 16,17..... toi vi. 31-33 . 101 vii. 13-45. 100 vii. 15-22. 101 vii. 27-39.-. 101 vii. 48. 101 190 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. PAGES* viii........ tea vii. 8..«.. 97 viii. 64. ... *»«• •••••• *• • too ix. 11-14...... 98 ix. 16,24 *m*.*wmc 97 ix. 20, 21....... • •<9 • 3 * ix. 23, 20—22.. 97 ix. 26-28.. 9$ x. s-8.•«.«... 97 x, 1—13....... ....<*• «..• gS- x.22-25........... 98 X. 23, 24. 97 x. 28, 29..... 98 xi. .. 99 xi. 1 ...... os*... 97 xi. 9-E3 ...... .......... 103 xi. 29 ..79, 105, SI4 xi. 29-39...... -• 114 xi. '3o... 105 xii. 1-19. 103 xii. 15. . 114 xii. 20' xv. 8 ...... ....« 504 xii. 15,22,23. 105 xii. 22-24 .-. 114 xii. 26-28. xoi xiii. I, 5-8. 105 xiii. 1, 11. 115 xiii. 2 . 138 xiii. 11. 118 xii? M-31. 105 xiv. 2-16. 105 xiv. 2-18............... 114 xiv. 21, 31. 97 xv. 8—xvi. 20. 106 XV. 24. . X 12 xv. 25—xvi. 20.. 107 zv. 29,..... 114 PAGES. KVi, § , »«•••• .... to8 t*i t-^, 7, 13 . 114 xvi, 16*39. 108 xvi. 25. 109 *vi 39—xvii. 109 .... z 15 xxS. ...... 109,1x5 19, 33, 40. 118 kIs. .. 115 sis. . 116 XX. .. no XX. I 3 # 23 . XI 5 15 , 33 ..... Ill S81 28,5S*************** &x.34?...c »«..••........ 109 xxi . 109 fcf-29. 115 xii . g§v... no xxii. ..no, 112 xxii 6—S, 22, 23•....... 118 xxii. $-28 .. 115 xxii. 38—53...no 2 KINGS i. 1-18. no L 3—ii. 7..,.... x 16 ii. 15-18.... 116 iii. 112 iii. 1-27.-.. no iii. 2-19.. 116 iii. 4 .... 109 t 8. ns iv. 1-7. . 116 iv. 42, 43. 117 v. 21-24. 1 *7 vi. 1-10......... 116 vi. 12.. 1x6 vi 24 vii. 20 ...... .in, 117 via. .. *17 SCRIPTURE TEXTS 197 PAGES. viii. 16.. .... .... i13 viii. 16-24. (19 viii. 24-29.... ...... .... 119 ix. I-I2. 117 ix—xi.. 120 ix. 16-28. . 119 x. 30.. . 124 xi. 2. 121 xi. 12—xii. 16....... .... 121 xi. 18.. 121 XU. 4*13 * * * * ...... ..... 102 xii. 17-21. 121 xiii. 1-9... .... 121 xiii. 9—xiv. I....... .... 122 xiii. 13. 123 xiii. 14-21 .............. 117 xiii. 23.............•••• 121 xiv. 1-22. .............. I «3 xiv. 8 16............... 122 xiv. 16................. 123 xiv. 23-29...... .... .... 123 xiv. 25. 123 xv. 1... 123 xv. 1-7............. .... 124 xv. 5. 126 XV. 8-12. 124 xv. io ^8........... .... x26 xvi. 1, 5 ... 126 xvi. 1-20. 127 xvi. 10-19. 102 xvii. 1-23..... 129 xvii. 6-41 .. 130 xvii. 13-20. 127 xviii. 1. 132 xviii. 1-8. 130 xviii. 11..... 130 xviii. 14-16. 132 PAGES. xviii. 14—xix. 37. 134 XX. I-11. 132 xx. 5,6. 133 XX. 11. 133 XX. 12-19. 1 33 xx. 17. 145 XX. 17, 18. 149 xxi. 135 xxi. 10-16.. 136, 146 xxi. 19-26. 136 xxii—xxiii. 30. 137 xxii. 16,17. 145 xxiii. 16...... .... ...... 138 xxiii. 24. 71 xxiii. 30—xxiv. 6. 140 xxiv. 1. 149 xxiv. 8-16. 142 xxiv. 10-16. 149 xxiv. 20. 143 xxv. 8-21. 149 xxv. 8-22. 145 xxv. 22-26..... ..147 XXV. 27. 150 xxv. 27-30,............ . 142 i CHRONICLES vi. 28-33 ix. 22....... xi. 3 . xi—xvi.. xvii—xx. xx. 4-8 .. .... .. xxi. 18-30. ............. xxii.. xx a, 1......... .... .... xxii. 14 ........ .... .... xxiii— xxvii............. xx vi ...... ...... ...... . 83 83 83 9 * 92 95 100 95 100 100 9 * 95 Ids OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY. PAGES. xxvi. 28........... 83 xxvii. 25-31...... 92 xxviii 11-19............ IOO xxviii. xxix. ___ .... 95 xxix. z-S __ -_- ---- loo xxix. 29............ .... - 83 s CHRONICLES i. 7-13.. 96 i. 14..... 98 i. l6, 17.*..... 98 ii. 2,17, 18. 97 ii. 3-9. ..r... ..100 ii 8-16. 98 iii, 1. loo iii. 4, 5, 8, 10-13........ 101 iii—vii...100 IV* 1 "^* •••••* •••••• IOI iv. 11-16. ioo iv. 19. 101 v. I-vi. 42.102 v. 4-10. 101 vi. I 2. 101 vii. 1-14... 101 viii. 4—6-_.......... 98 viii. 7 —9 10, II. .. 97 viii. 17, 18. .. 98 ix. 1-9. 97 ix. 10, II, 13, 14 . 21, 22, 24. 98 ix. 22, 23. ............97, 98 ix. 25, 26, 28. 98 ix. 29.. 114 xi... 104 xi. 2. ..—.. 105 xi 2-4.-. 114 xii. 2-9. IO4 adi. 5,7, IS*--. 114 PACKS. xii. 9-11. 102 xii. 15.104, 105 xiii. ............. ...... 104 xiii. 32.104, 114 xiv—xvi. 106 XV. 1-7.106, 108 xv. 1-8....... 114 xvi. 1-10....107 xvi 7-10....108, 114 xvii ...112 xvii. 11..... 113 xviii . no, IZ2 xviii. 7-27. 115 xix. 1-3.112, 113 xix. 2,3. 114 xx. 2. £13 xx. 5__............ 100 XX. 14-17.....113, 114 xx. 34.114 XX. 37.112, 113. 114 xxi. 1-20...... . .... .... 119 XXI* X 2 — 15 • .••••».*••••• I id xxii. 1-9 ...... ...... ... 119 xxii. 11. I 2 £ xxiii 10-13....... ...... 136 xxiii. 17. 129 xxiii. Ii-xxiv. 16........ 121 xxiii.21-25.... •••*••••• 136 xxiv. 7.. .... . 121 xxiv # iy^y* •••• •••• 121 xxiv. 19. 12 5 xxiv. 21............ .... 100 xxv. .. 123 xxv. 7, 15. .115* 125 XXV. 27-24. ...... 122 XXvi.... .... 124 xxvi 5.—.125 SCRIPTURE PAGES. xxvt. 22, 23. 135 xsvii. 196 xxvii. 4^6 *. 127 xxviii. 127 xxix. 102 xxx, xxxi. 131 xxxii. 1-23. 134 xxxii. 31. 133 xxxiii. 1-18... 102 xxxiii. 135 xxxiv. 1—13. 102 xxxiv. 29-33. 102 xxxiv. 35. 137 XXXV. 1$. 83 xxxvi. 1-8. 140 xxxvi. 6, 7. 149 xxxvi. 9, 10. 142 xxxvi. iq. 149 xxxvi. 11-21. 102 xxxvi. 1-3. 143 xxxvi. 16. 143 xxxvi. 17-31. 145 xxxvi. 18-^20. -. 149 EZRA i—iii. 153 iv—vi. 155 vii—.. 157 WEHEMIAH i—xiii. 1 qS xii. 27 sq . 159 ESTHER i—x. 156 JOB ii. 7. 133 PSALMS vi. .. 90 vii . 90 viii . 90 Jtviii. 90 xxi. .. 90 TEXTS. xxiii. ...».. xxvii. 4,. xxix. .......... .. 189 PAGES xxxiv. xl, ...... ...... .. xiiii. 1-4. xUv. 1-3. xlvi. 1-5. Iii. 8. liii. liv. lvi.. Ivii. lix. lxiii. .. lxxviii. 60, 67. Ixxxiv. lxxxvii. .......... xcii. 12-14. xcvi. 1-13. xcvii. ............ xcvii. 5. . 65 xcviii. 8... ...... 65 XC 1 X. •*•••••••• m-m • ■■•••• 153 xcix. 6.. cm. ............. Cv. 1-15. cvi. cvi. 1,47,48...... cvii._........ cxiv. cxv. rxviii._.... ... cxxvi. 200 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY PAGES. cxxxii. 1-5 .103 cxxxvii.... 2^4 ISAIAH i, l..... • • • xm. «.«•.. «.M**...« xiv.. xiv. 24-27....... xvii. 12—14. xviii . xix . XX. 4.6.... xxi. 9, 10.. xxii. 1-14. xxvi. 21... xxx. 1-7. xxxiv. 5.. xxxvi—xxxvii. 38... xxxviii... xxxviii. 1-8. xxxviii. 17 . xxxix... XXXIX. 2 , 6.... .. .... .... xl. xli. 1*7 xlvi. i... xlviii. 20, 21 . lv. 12 JEREMIAH i—x... ....147, iii. 18.. vii. 12,14. X25 *34 152 152 *34 134 *34 *34 *34 *52 134 30 *34 28 *34 132 *33 *33 *33 * 3 * *54 *52 79 *54 65 *39 *50 79 vii. 31,32. 136 xiii. 18-21. 142 xv. i 83 xxi. i-10. *42 xxi. 1—xxii. 9. 145 xxii. 142 PAGES, xxii. 11,12.... xxii. 18, 19 ..... ..... 140 xxni. 5,6 ...m...... •••• i43 XXlVa 1 « • «• •!«•<»• I^2 xxiv................ XXIV# 8| a... I48 XXV. ............... xxv. 8-38.. .. XXV. . .. . *49 .... 152 xxvi. xxyit ,... Ma . .... I40 xxvii. x_........ xxvii. 12-22. xxviii. 1—11.. xxviii. 4, u.. xxviii. 29. xxix. ..... _... .14,0, ISO axix. 1-20. • •Ty* *.7 xxii. 17-21. xxx.. xxxii. xxxii—xxxiv. xxxiv. 2,3....«..... XXXV. .. xxx vi. 6,9. xxxvi. 10........_ xxxvii—-xxxix....... xxfcix. 8-10.... xiv................. xl. 1. xl—xliv. xlii. x—x I. xliv. xliv. 14, 27. xlvi. 1-12. xlvi. 10__ ...... xlvii. xlviii. 7 ........... .... 79 SCRIPTURE TEXTS. 20] PAGES, PAGES. *li*» 3 . 79 iv. IS. 63 1.51. 152 V. I . 124 li. 59^5^ .... 143 x.6. 79 lii. 12-23 »■•••••••••«•-. *^J0EL i 2 ?t )“• ,J - 27 . *« u .7 "IV/.0. “• l 7 Z i0 .; '« h. *>. .0 AMOS i. 1. 125 a. 7 . 124 28 *49 LAMENTATIONS ii, 19.. 8 d EZEKIEL iii .. 149 vili... 130 x. 18. xi. 14-25. xii. 21-28. xiii. . xiv.. xvii—.. xx. 20-22. xxvii. 7-^5.... xxxiii. 34.. xxxvi. ........ . xxxviii. 2-6...... 111. 9,12 . 124 iv. 1-8. 124 v. 27. 124 vii. 17. 124 ,4 %UCAH iii. 12.145 iv. 10. I49 *49 *49 *49 109 *45 vi. 16. 13. ^gNAHUM i—iii. 137 *49ZEPHANIAH i. 2-6 .. .. 145 *47 i~~iii. 137 38 a. 12. 28 lai-tfivff.'.v::; [Z zECHhmAH va.2.3. s-- is» xlii. 1-6. IOI *' % . xlvii. 18... 10 - DANIELL . 149 NEW TESTAMENT. !' ,6 ' 21 . * 5 ' MATTHEW i. 5. 64 ‘9* 21 . '5° *ti. 38. 11 .'49.'5> xvi , .. U ; f-49-. 150 «v8i. 5 xi. 8. 79 * - *33 • *33 . 94 HOSEA 1. i. *25LUKE i. 46*55, 67-79 “*•4 . 7 * Si. 36. *3 ... ... 80 ... 80 Xa 4 |v. .— 115 ACTS H. s . 35 OLD TESTAMENT HISTORY .02 ROMANS!. 8....... lii. 25. x COR. 1. 30. 2 COR. xi. 3.. HEBREWS vii. 1-11 ix. 22.. xi. 31. PAGES. ... 35 JAMES ii. 25 ... 56 v. 17. .. 56 28 41 REVELATION l l *x. 2. 64 PAGES. ... 64 ... 115 xii. 9... 28 ........ 28 . 4 / I — Date Due c \ * 4 \ 4< > I if % \ t kl 1 . \ 1 ■ / ( 1 % E2% MR / ?; ^ f , ^ f