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RECORDS
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH
UNITED STATES OF AMEEICA
EMBRACING THE
MINUTES OF THE PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA, FROM A. D. 1706 TO 1710
MINUTES OF THE SYOND OF PHILADELPHIA, FROM A. D. 1717 TO 1758
ft
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK, FROM A. D. 1745 TO 1758
MINUTES OP THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA, FROM A. D
1758 TO 1788.
PHILADELPHIA:
PRESBYTERIAN BOAKD OF PUBLICATION,
No. 265 CHESTNUT STKEET.
Stereotyped by Slote & Mooney, Philadelphia.
Wm. S. Martien, Printer.
ADVERTISEMENT.
For several years past the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church
in the United States of America, have adopted measures for the full and
complete publication of their minutes, including those of the Presbytery of
Philadelphia, during the period that it was the only Presbyterian judicatory
in the country ; and of the Synods of New York and Philadelphia, during the
time that they, separated or united, were the highest judicatories known to the
Church ; thus securing, as far as these records might embody it, a connected
history of the Presbyterian Church, from its earliest organization in this
country, to the present time.
Various difficulties have occurred to defeat the execution of this very desira-
ble object; and in May, 1840, the General Assembly directed their Stated
Clerk to promote the publication, if practicable, through the agency of .the
Presbyterian Board of Publication. The subject was accordingly proposed, and
the Executive Committee of the Board, with great unanimity, resolved to ad-
venture at least on the publication of a preliminary volume, embracing the
earlier records until the period of the organization of the General Assembly;
with the intention of completing the plan, provided the demand for the work
should justify them in incurring the heavy expense of such an enterprise.
The subscriber, being both Stated Clerk of the General Assembly, and
Editor of the Board of PubJieation, has been entrusted with the preparation of
the Minutes for the press. In fulfilment of the duties of his appointment,
he has thought it advisable to preface the Records with a very brief introduc-
tion, and to connect the several parts by some explanatory remarks.
Among the records of the earliest Presbytery and Synod, is a letter-book,
(iii)
i^ ADVERTISEMENT.
containing, besides copies of a part of the correspondence of these bodies,
certain memoranda which should properly have been inserted in the body of
the minutes. The letters and the memoranda have been appended as notes to
the minutes under their proper dates, thus giving the history more fulness and
continuity.
It must be a subject of gratulation in the Church, that by this publication
the early records of the Church, which were in danger of perishing, have
been secured in a permanent form; and it is to be hoped, that the eager de-
mand for this volume will lead to the completion of the plan, by the
publication in full of all the Minutes of the General Assembly to the present
time.
WILLIAM M. EXGLES.
Philadelphia, January, 1841.
EECOBDS
PEESBYTERIAN CHURCH.
PRELIMINARY SKETCH.
The Presbyterian Church assumed its ecclesiastical form in the United
States, at a date posterior to the establishment of the Puritans, Roman Catho-
lics, Quakers, and Episcopalians. It is to be presumed that individuals of
this denomination, in the spirit of personal enterprise, had emigrated at an
early date of the settlement of the country, and were scattered throughout the
Colonies ; but they were in no place sufficiently numerous to associate in a con-
gregational, much less in a presbyterial capacity. The Puritans of New Eng-
land, Jind the Quakers of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey, had emi-
grated from religious motives ; and as they wished to preserve their distinctive
religious character in a land far removed from the vexatious evils, to which per-
secution had subjected them in the place of their birth, they came in large
numbers, and selected their residence with a view to peaceful religious associa-
tion. The cause which principally influenced them, had as yet exerted no
power over the Presbyterians of Scotland and Ireland. In the peaceful enjoy-
ment of their religious rights, they had no inducement, or rather were com-
pelled by no necessity, to flee to the uncultivated wilds of America.
Soon after the restoration of Charles II., however, the Presbyterians of
Scotland and Ireland were subjected to a persecution, which increased in viru-
lence in proportion to the resistance which was opposed to a corrupt monarch's
will. The subversion of the cherished religion of a nation, and the substitution
of another, which, for many considerations, was particularly obnoxious, could
not be accomplished without resorting to the most inhuman proscriptions and
banishments. These attempts to impose Episcopacy on Presbyterians, which
were relentlessly pursued until the accession of William III., rendered the
provinces of America a desirable refuge for those who could not, without peril
of life, cherish their religious preferences in the place of their nativity.
The first churches established in this country under Presbyterian organiza-
tion were situated in Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey.
In these provinces religious liberty was secured by the original proprietors.
The following may be considered as an agreeable specimen of the temper
(V)
vi PRELIMINAEY SKETCH.
which characterized the laws of these provinces on the subject of religion. It
is an enactment in relation to Pennsylvania, and is in these words : — '^ That
all persons living in this province, who confess and acknowledge one Almighty
and Eternal God to be the Creator, Upholder, and Ruler of the world, and that
hold themselves obliged in conscience to live peaceably and justly in civil
society, shall in noways be molested or prejudiced for their religious persuasion
or practice, in matters of faith and worship ; nor shall they be compelled, at any
time, to frequent or maintain any religious worship, place, or ministry, what-
ever," This recognition of religious liberty had great influence upon those who
had recently experienced the horrors of intolerance, in selecting these provinces
for their permanent residence.
In tracing the history of the first societies which were established for reK-
gious worship by these emigrants in a new country, and at a period so remote,
there will necessarily be a difficulty in ascertaining the precise circumstances
under which they were founded. In some instances the sparseness of the
population, or the poverty of the people, induced persons of different persua-
sions to unite their strength, and congregate without an immediate reference to
denominational organization. This, however, was soon found to be incon-
venient, and the plan was abandoned as soon as practicable. As accurately
as it can now be ascertained, the first Presbyterian church in this country was
organized in Philadelphia, about the year 1698 ; and it is probable that the
churches at Snowhill, Eehoboth, Monokin, and Wicomico, on the eastern shore
of Maryland, were organized about the same period.
When the ministers who harmonized in their views of Christian doctrine
and ecclesiastical government, had become sufficiently numerous, they consti-
tuted themselves into a Presbytery. In consequence of the irrecoverable loss
of the first leaf of the Minutes of this body, we are unable to ascertain the
precise date of their ecclesiastical association ; but judging from the first date
which appears on page 3d of these Records, it must have been about the begin-
ning of the year 1705. This Presbytery of Philadelphia consisted of seven
ministers, viz : Francis McKemie, John Hampton, George McNish, Samuel
Davis, all, from the best accounts, emigrants from Ireland, and exercising their
ministry on the eastern shore of Maryland ; Nathaniel Taylor, from Scotland,
and settled in Upper Marlborough ; John Wilson, also from Scotland, settled
in New Castle ; and Jedediah Andrews, from New England, and settled in
Philadelphia. To these may be added John Boyd, who was the first person
ordained by the new Presbytery, in 1706, and settled in Freehold, New
Jersey.
The Minutes of this body, as being the first Presbyterian judicatory in the
country, stand fii-st in the order of publication. The abruptness of the com-
mencement is to be attributed to the loss of the first leaf of the records, to
which we have before referred.
CONTENTS.
PART I.
MINUTES or THE PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA, FROM 1706 TO 1717. 9
PART II.
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA, FROM 1717 TO 1758. - 48
PART III.
MINUTES OP THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK, FROM 1745 TO 1758. - - 233
PART IV.
JilNUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA,
FROM 1758 TO 1788. 285
PAET FIE ST.
MINUTES OF THE PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA.
FROM THE YEAR 1706 TO THE YEAR 1717.
1706.
— De regimine ecclesiae, wticli being heard was approved of and sustained.
He gave in also his thesis to be considered of against next sederunt.
Sederunt 2d. 10 bris. 27.
Post preces sederunt, Mr. Francis McKemie, Moderator, Messrs. Jedediah
Andrews, and John Hampton, Ministers.
Mr. John Boyd performed the other parts of his trials, viz. preached a
popular sermon on John i. 12 ; defended his thesis ; gave satisfaction as to his
skill in the languages, and answered to extemporary questions ; all which were
approved of and sustained.
Appointed his ordination to be on the next Lord's day, the 29th inst., which
was accordingly performed in the public meeting house of this place, before a
numerous assembly ; and the next day he had the certificate of his ordination.
1707.
March 22d, 1707.
At a meeting of the Presbytery held at Philadelphia, post preces sederunt,
Messrs. John Wilson, Jedediah Andrews, Nathaniel Taylor, George McNish,
Ministers. Joseph Yard, William Smith, John Gardener, James Stoddard,
Elders.
Master John Wilson, by plurality of votes was chosen Moderator, Mr. George
McNish was chosen Clerk to the Presbytery.
This day a letter sent by Mr. Samuel Davis to the Presbytery, was presented
to them ; it being moved by one of the members that the letter might be read,
it was accordingly read and considered, and Mr. Davis his reasons for excusing
his absence from this and the preceding meeting of the Presbytery, were not
sustained by the Presbytery.
Ordered that the next dyet of the Presbytery be held upon Tuesday, at four
o'clock, in the afternoon.
Mr. Francis McKemie and Mr. John Wilson, are appointed to preach upon
Tuesday, upon the subjects appointed them at the last Presbytery, from Heb.
i. 1, 2 v., by way of exercise and addition.
March loth.
Post preces sederunt, John Wilson, &c. This day Mr. Francis IMcKemie and
Mr. John Wilson delivered their discourses according to appointment, and were
approved by the Presbytery.
Ordered, that a letter be writ, and sent to Mr. Samuel Davis in the name of
the Presbytery, by Master John Wilson, requiring him to be present at our
next meeting in this place.
2 ° ' . C9)
10 MINUTES OF THE [1708.
Appointed that the letters sent from the people of Snow Hill in Somerset, be
read before the Presbytery.
The letters were accordingly read, and their contents were duly considered by
the Presbytery. And whereas, the aforesaid people do by their representatives
and letters earnestly address the Presbytery for their joynt concurrence, and
assistance in prosecuting their call to Mr. John Plampton, that he may under-
take the work of the Ministry among them, as their settled and proper Minister
and Pastor.
Ordered by the Presbytery, that the call be sent to Mr. Hampton, by the
foresaid people, and also, the other paper containing their subscriptions for his
encouragement to undertake the work of the Ministry among them, be given
to Mr. Hampton to peruse and consider, which accordingly were given him.
Ordered, That whereas Mr. Hampton, after his receiving the call to him from
the people at Snowhill, gave several satisfactory reasons, why he could not at
this time comply with it; that the said Mr. Hampton may have the call and
the paper of subscription continued in his hands for his further perusal, till the
next Presbytery.
Ordered further, in this affair, that a letter be sent in name of the Presby-
tery to the people of Snowhill, to encourage their endeavours for a settled
minister among them, and that Mr. Nathaniel Taylor write the letter expressing
the mind of the Presbytery, which was accordingly done.
Appointed that the Presbytery meet to-morrow at ten o'clock, and that Mr.
Andrews and Mr. John Boyd, prepare some overtures to be considered by the
Presbytery, for propagating religion in their respective congi^egations.
March IQth. Post preces sederunt, the moderator, &c.
Ordered by the Presbytery, that Mr. Francis McKemie write to Scotland, to
Mr. Alexander Coldin, minister of Oxam, of the Presbytery of , and to
give an account of the state and circumstances of the dissenting Presbyterian
interest among the people in and about Lewistown, and to signify the earnest
desires of that people, for the said Mr. Coldin's coming over to be their minis-
ter ; and that Mr. McKemie make report of his diligence herein against the
next Presbytery.
The Presbytery appoints Mr. John Wilson to write to the Presbytery of
, to the effect aforesaid, and make report of his care herein against the next
Presbytery.
Overtures proposed to the Presbytery and agreed upon, for propagating the
interest of religion :
First, That every minister in their respective congregations, read and com-
ment upon a chapter of the Bible every Lord's day, as discretion and circum-
stances of time, place, &c., will admit.
Second over : That it be recommended to every minister of the Presbytery to
set on foot and encourage private Christian societies.
Third over : That every minister of the Presbytery supply neighbouring deso-
late places where a minister is wanting, and opportunity of doing good offers.
The Presbytery do appoint Mr. Jedediah Andrews and Mr. Nathaniel Taylor,
to prepare a Presbyterial sermon, each of them to be delivered against the next
Presbytery. Mr. Andrews to discourse from Heb. i. chap. 3. v. theirs;;, and
Mr. Taylor from latter part of the verse.
Appointed that the Presbytery meet upon the first Tuesday of April, 1708,
at Philadelphia, and this meeting was concluded.
1708.
3/ay the ISth.
At a meeting of the Presbytery at Philadelphia, 1708, post preces sederunt,
Ministers, Messrs. Samuel Davis, John Wilson, Jedediah Andrews, Nathaniel
1708.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. H
Taylor, John Hampton, John Boyd. Elders, Joseph Yard, Bell, J jha
Gray.
Mr. Samuel Davis was chosen Moderator.
Ordered by the Presbytery, that Mr. Jedediah Andrews deliver his Presbyte-
rial exercise to-morrow at 10 of the clock, in the meeting house ; and that Mr.
Nathaniel Taylor deliver his on Friday next, at 10 of the clock in the morning.
This day was read before the Presbytery, a letter sent by the people of and about
White Clay Creek, in New Castle County, importing their desire and petition to
the Presbytery, to have the ordinances of the gospel administered with more
convenience and nearness to the place of their abode, for the greater advantage
and ease to their several families, promising withal due encouragement to the
minister that shall be appointed thus to supply them.
Ordered by the Presbytery that this letter be read at the next session, to-
morrow afternoon, and that another letter from some persons about Apoquinimy
be considered against the next dyet of the Presbytery at the time aforesaid.
This day was also read a letter from several persons in the town of New
Castle, wherein they crave that the people of White Clay Creek may not be
suifered to set up a meeting house in the country, that their meeting house and
congregation in New Castle may not be damaged by this rupture of their fellow
members of White Clay Creek.
Ordered that this letter be considered by the next session of the Presbytery.
May 19, Sessione 2da. post preces, &c.
Mr. Davis satisfied the Presbytery for his absence the former year.
Ordered by the Presbytery that there be a letter sent to the people of Snow
Hill, requiring their faithfulness and care in collecting the tobacco promised by
subscription to Mr. Hampton.
Ordered that Mr. Wilson, Mr. Andrews, and Mr. Hampton, speak with Mr.
Joseph Smith, and the people of Cohanzy, about his settlement and ordination.
Mr. Wilson, Mr. Andrews, and Mr. Hampton, made their report, what it is
Mr. Smith and the people of Cohanzy desire, viz: That some might be ap-
pointed to wait upon Mr. Smith and the people of Cohanzy.
Ordered by the Presbytery that, upon the desire of Mr. Smith and the people
of Cohanzy, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Andrews, and Mr. Boyd shall wait upon them at
Cohanzy, in order to his ordination, and the people are to present them a call
to the said Mr. Smith.
The trials appointed by the Presbytery to Mr. Smith, an fides solum Just ificet,
for sermon, John vi. 37, last part of the verse. Mr. Andrews to be moderator,
and the people are to give three weeks advertisement.
Ordered that Mr. McNish and Mr. Davis attend Mr. Hampton in the day of
his inauguration, and Mr. Davis shall preceed. [preside ?]
Ordered that the Presbytery adjourn till Thursday, at 9 o'clock, forenoon.
3Ia7/ 20, Sessione 2>tia. post preccs, &c.
Mr. McKemie did, according to his order, write to Mr. Coldin, in Oxam, for
coming over to the American parts.
It is further recommended to Mr. Andrews, to take it into his serious con-
sideration of reading a chapter and making a comment on the same.
IhQ first overture is complied with by the rest of the ministers.
The second overture in part practised and hoped in time to be fully complied
with.
The third overture complied with and practised by the ministers.
]\Ir. Andrews delivered the Presbyteriul exercise appointed and was sus-
tained.
12 MINUTES OF THE [1708.
Ordered by the Presbytery, that the time appointed for their meeting be in
no wise prorogued for the future.
Ordered, That the people of New Castle and the country, should not be di-
vided by setting up two separate meetings.
Ordered, that Mr. Wilson preach one Sabbath in New Castle and the other
in the country ; that Mr. Wilson, once in a month, on a week day, preach to
the people in Apoquinimy; and Mr. Hampton is to preach to them as he goes
home, and Mr. Davis is to preach to them at his return to the next Presbytery.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton write a letter to the people at White Clay Greek
in answer to their's.
Ordered, That Mr. McNish write to New Castle, in answer to their letter.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton return a verbal answer to the people of Apo-
quinimy, in answer to their letter.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews, Mr. McNish, and Mr. Boyd, read over the let-
ters from Woodbridge concerning the diflPerences betwixt that people and Mr.
Wade, and make a summary report thereof at the next meeting.
May 20, Po&t Merid. Sessione ^ta. post preces, &c.
A letter presented by the people of Freehold about the settlement of Mr.
Boyd is referred till the next meeting.
The report Mr. Andrews, Mr. McNish, and Mr. Boyd were to make of the
letters from Woodbridge referred till the next meeting.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson, and Mr. Taylor write to the people of Snowhill
in aijswer to their letter.
The meeting adjourned till to-morrow, at three afternoon.
3fai/ 21, Post 3Ierid. Sessione 5ta. Precihus peractis.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson write an answer to the people of Freehold's
letter.
A letter by Mr. Hampton to the people at Whiteclay Creek read and sus-
tained.
Mr. McNish was defective in writing to the people of New Castle, and is to
write against next sederunt.
Mr. Wilson and Mr. Taylor were defective in writing to the people of Snow-
hill, and are to write against the next sederunt.
Mr. Taylor delivered his Presbyterial exercise, and it was sustained.
The meeting is adjourned till to-morrow, at 8 o'clock in the morning.
3Iay 22, 2^ost preces, sessione 6fa.
Mr. Andrews is ordered to assist Mr. Wilson to write to the people of Free-
hold against the next meeting.
Mr. Wilson and Mr. Taylor's letter to the people of Snowhill was read and
sustained.
Ordered, That Mr. Boyd shall supply Woodbridge every third Sabbath if
they desire it, and the Presbytery are to write to the people of Freehold desir-
ing their consent thereto, and the meeting house shall be the only place of
meeting or not at all in Woodbridge, but may be at Amboy if the people of
Woodbridge and Amboy be content ; and in the interval, when Mr. Boyd is
not there, they are advised, if they can see it clear to themselves, to hear Mr.
Wade.
Ordered, That Mr, Andrews and Mr. Hampton write to the ministers of
Connecticut concerning the affair of Woodbridge.
Ordered, That Mr. Davis and Mr. Wilson write to the people of Woodbridge.
1708.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 13
Ordered, That Mr. Taylor write to the people of Monokin and "Wicomico,
exciting them to their duty to pay what they promise to Mr. McNish.
Ordered, That the next meeting be at Philadelphia, the second Tuesday of
May next.
Mr. Davis is to have his Presbyterial Exercise the next meeting, upon Heb. i.
ver. 4th, and Mr. McNish upon verse the 5th.
Ordered, That the meeting be adjourned till Monday, at 8 in the morning.
May 25(h.
Mr. McNish's letter to the people of New Castle read and sustained.
Mr. Davis and Mr. Wilson's letter to the people of Freehold read and sus-
tained.
Mr. Andrews and Mr. Hampton's letters to Connecticut read and sustained.*
*May 24, 1708.
To Mr. Davenport, Mr. Webb, Mr. Shove, and Mr. Buckingham.
Reverend Brethren : — Through the good providence of our Lord .Jesus Christ assisting
us, we, the ministers of the gospel, of the Presbyterian persuasion, in this province and
those adjacent, taking into our serious consideration the case and circumstances of our
holy religion in these parts, have, to our great toil and labour, and great difficulty to di-
vers of us, by reason of our great distance from one another, formed ourselves into a
Presbytery, annually to be convened, for the furthering and promoting the true interests
of religion and godliness. In which our undertaking, as we would not have any thing
should be advanced that may be justly disgustful to any pious soul, but the contrary, so
it is our universal desire to walk in the nearest union and fellowship with the churches
in those parts where you inhabit, not knowing any difl'erence in opinion so weighty as to
inhibit such a jn-oposal, not doubting of your cordial assent thereunto. And for a testi-
mony of our sincerity and real intentions to act as has been mentioned, we conclude it
convenient to lay before you one difficult matter that has been, (to our great trouble and
exercise,) laid before us, and also what has been our advice about it; holding it proper
so to do, because yourselves have been concerned in a transaction that has in some
measure led into it. AVe find by divers letters that have passed between you and sun-
dry persons in Woodbridge, that you are not unacquainted with the confusions and dis-
tractions arising from the accession of Mr. AVade to be the minister of that town, and
the aversion of a considerable part of the people to the accepting of him as such, and
therefore need only mention what we, after mature deliberation and consultation have
advised for the healing the differences among them, upon the application of those that
disagree with Mr. Wade made unto us, concluding that if their contentions and animosi-
ties continue, it may be of unhappy consequence, viz. That Mr. Boyd, minister of Free-
hold, should, if desired by the dissenting party, (which, for distinction, may be so
termed,) come and preach at Woodbridge one Lord's day every three weeks, in the pub-
lic meeting house there, if it may, as we hope it will, be admitted ; and if it be not al-
lowed of, to prevent any open and visible breach as much as can be, that he should
preach at Amboy, or any other place agreed upon, provided it be not within the town of
Woodbridge, and have left it to their liberty and discretion, according to the light of their
consciences, guided by the infallible word of God, either to join or not to join with Mr.
Wade in the time of Mr. Boyd's absence. This we thought, after a great deal of per-
plexity about it, to be all that we could propose at present for the satisfying the gentle-
men that have requested our help and counsel, and as the most ready expedient we could
think upon, in the present exigency of affairs among them for their mutual reconcilia-
tion and comfort. Moreover, as you have been employed in Mr. Wade's fixing there, and
we hope with sincere aims at the good of the place, so long groaning under the unhap-
piness of the want of a settled ministry, so we humbly conceive you are in duty bound
in a special manner to put to your helping hand to rescue them from the miserable in-
conveniences that now they labour under, by all the ways that you can, to which we
tope your advice for mutual forbearance may have much force. The disadvantages by
such things as these administered to the. power and life of religion, and our commoa
cause, with the occasion given to them that would rejoice in our ruin, we need not inform
of, and therefore promise ourselves nothing will be wanting on your part for accommo-
dating these difterences. And in the mean time we request your charitable constructions
upon what we have directed unto, in so difficult a matter, if it do not prove to be ac-
14 MINUTES OF THE [1709.
Mr. Wilson and IMr. Andrews' letter to the people of Woodbridge read and
sustained.
Mr. Taylor's letter to the people of Wicomico read and sustained.
At a meeting of the Presbytery at Philadelphia,
1709.
I 3Iay 10, 1709, post preces sederunt.
Ministers : Mr. John Wilson, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. Nath. Taylor, Mr.
George McNish, Mr. John Hampton, and Mr. Joseph Smith.
Elders : Joseph Yard, John Gardner, Alexander Bell, William Fosset, and
Robert Wilson.
Mr. Andrews was chosen Moderator, and Mr. Smith, Clerk to the Presby-
tery.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton write to the people of Cohanzy to perform their
obligations to Mr. Smith.
It was complained of that Mr. Davis did not perform his part at the inau-
guration of Mr. Hampton.
The business of Mr. Wilson, referring to New Castle, deferred till the next
sederunt, and also relating to Apoquinimy.
It was also objected against Mr. Davis, that he did not preach at Apoqui-
nimy according to order.
The Rev. Mr. John Boyd being dead, what relates to him ceases.
The Presbytery adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow.
MayW, sessione ^da, post preces sederunt, &c.
Mr. Hampton, according to order, performed his part in writing to the people
of Cohanzy, and the letter was approven.
The Presbytery adjourned till 3 o'clock, post merid.
Sessione dtia post preces sederunt, ministers, &c.
Ordered, That Mr. Davis be writ to, and that the letter be writ by Mr.
Taylor, for his absence and other delinquencies, not preaching at Apoquinimy,
not delivering his Presbyterial exercise.
Ordered, That every letter sent by the Presbytery be inserted into a book
appointed by the Presbytery for that purpose, and that this be done by Mr.
Andrews.
Ordered, That Mr. Davis prepare his Presbyterial exercise on Heb. i. 4, (as
was formerly appointed by the Presbytery,) against the next meeting of the
Presbytery, and that this be signified by Mr. Taylor's letter to him.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson preach at Apoquinimy once a month till the next
meeting upon a week day, and one Sabbath in a quarter till the aforesaid meet-
ing, provided always, that the Sabbath day's sermon be taken from the Whit-
clay Creek people, their time.
Ordered, That Mr. Smith go to the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell,
and confer with them on such matters as shall be propounded to him by them,
coueeruing his being called to be their minister ; and that Mr. Smith preach
to the people aforesaid, on his way to New England, or return from it, or
cording to your own sentiments, seeing it is according to the best of our light. Thus
hoping that our churches and ourselves, in this dark part of the world, shall be remem-
bered in your supplications unto that God in whom are all our springs, and from whom
is all help, direction, and success, we subscribe ourselves your brethi-en in the work of
the gospel. — \_Letter Book.'\
1709.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 15
both ; and that this be intimated to Mr. Smith, and the people aforesaid be
writ to by Mr. Andrews.
The Presbytery is adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning.
4to. Sessione ante mcrid.
Post preces scderunf, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, moderator, &c.
The letter to Mr. Davis was writ, read, and approved.
j Ordered, That a draught of a letter be drawn up to New Castle by Mr. Wil-
son and Mr. McNish.
The Presbytery adjourned till 3 o'clock, post mexid.
bta. sederunt post merid.
Precihus peractis, sederunt, &c,
A letter from Woodbridge read ; and resolved that an answer be written to
them by Mr. Wilson.
A letter from the people of Monokin and Wicomico read and seriously
considered. A call also sent from them to Mr. McNish, was not accepted by
him. Resolved, that a letter be writ to them hereupon by Mr. Taylor. Or-
dei'ed also, that Mr. McNish preach only every third Sabbath to those of
Wicomico.
Ordered, nest sederunt at 2 o'clock, post merid.
Qta. sederunt.
Mr. McNish delivered his Presbyterial exercise and was approved.
New Castle affair debated, and a letter to them agreed on.*
Ordered, That a letter be written in concert with that from New-England to
Sir Edmund Harrison, by Mr. Wilson and Mr. Andrews.
Also, that a letter be written to Mr. Mather and other ministers at Boston,
to thank them for their concurrence with us.
Adjourned till Monday, 9 o'clock, ante merid.
* To the people of New Castle.
May 1709.
Out of a Christian compassion that we have towards you, we cannot but commiserate
TOur present circumstances, and are heartily sorry for the misunderstanding that is be-
tween you and Mr. Wilson ; as also for the difl'erence that is between you and our
Christian friends in the country. We would be glad to fall upon a healing method to
remedy these unhappy divisions. And gentlemen, you may be assured, that whatsoever
(in duty,) lies within the compass of our power shall not be wanting ; but after second
thoughts and a due sense of your condition, we fear that such changes as are set on foot
among you in the present circumstances concerning a minister, may prove detrimental
to your and our common interest, especially when we take notice that nothing particular
has been ofl'ered to us by you concerning our brother Mr. Wilson, why he may not_ con-
tinue in his pastoral charge and function among you as formerly. A general dissatisfac-
tion is the principal thing, (it seems,) which is pretended both in your letter to us, and
by your and our friend, Mr. Janvier. However, out of tender respect to you, we have
according to desire, presented Mr. McNish with your call, which he, for reasons given
you by himself, cannot at present comply with. We beseech you, gentlemen, to put
favourable constructions upon what we do. and that in truth and sincerity we desire and
pray for, and endeavour your spiritual and eternal welfare ; but yourselves may easily
see that the smallness of our number, the particular engagements that every one of us
lie under already, render your supply any other way than by our brother Mr. ^Vilson, at
patient endeavours, and expect without doubting a comfortable issue, which we hope for
and shall constantly endeavour. Subscribing ourselves,
Yours in the work of the Gospel, &Z.— {Letter Book.\
16 ■ MINUTES OF THE [1709.
Hora 9na. ante merid. post preces sederunt^ &c.
Mr. Wilson and Mr. Andrews' letter to Sir Edmund Harrison, read and
approved, and committed to Mr. Andrews to transmit it to London.*
Mr. Hampton's letter to Mr. Mather and others, in Boston, was read and
approved ; ordered that Mr. Andrews have the sending of it.
Mr. Taylor's letter to Mr. Davis, and another to Monokin and Wicomico,'
were read and approved.
Ordered, That no members of this Presbytery, upon any whatever pretence,
do depart or leave the Presbytery, without the meeting be broke up, or at least
leave be asked and had from the Presbytery.
* To Sir Edmund Harrison.
May, 1709.
Honourable Sir: — The distressed condition of these Provinces, with respect to religion,
in vrhich the providence of God has cast our lot, has moved us to apply to the Reverend
Ministers of Boston, in New-England, to join with us in addressing yourself, and other
charitable gentlemen in London, to consider the state of these countries, and to implore
your help and assistance for promoting the interest of our glorious Lord. To our great
satisfaction they have readily complied with our desire, and have drawn up and signed a
letter particularly directed to yourself. And that we for our parts may not be wanting,
being informed of that public excellent spirit in you, famed both for piety and prudence,
do likewise address ourselves unto your honour upon the same account. The negotiation
began and encouraged by a fund, in the time when our worthy friend Mr. McKemie,
(now deceased,) was with you, for evangelizing these colonies, was a business exceed-
ingly acceptable to a multitude of people, and was likely to have been of great service
if continued, which makes us much grieved that so valuable a design was, so soon after
its beginning, laid aside. The necessity of carrying on the same afl'air being as great, if
not greater now, than it was then, we hope that our patriots [patrons ?] in London, will
revive so good and important a work, and not let it lie buried under the ashes, but that
some suitable method will be taken that it may be set on foot again. Unto whom can we
apply ourselves more fitly than unto our fathers, who have been extolled in the reformed
churches for their large bounty and benevolence in their necessities ? AVe doubt not, but
if the sum of about two hundred pounds per annum, were raised for the encouragement
of ministers in these parts, it would enable ministers and people to erect eight congrega-
tions, and ourselves put in better circumstances than hitherto we have been. We are at
present seven ministers, most of whose outward affairs are so straitened as to crave relief,
unto which, if two or three more were added, it would greatly strengthen our interest,
which does miserably suffer, as things at present are among us. Sir, if we shall be sup-
plied with ministers from you, which we earnestly desire ; with your benevolence to the
value abovesaid, you may be assured of our fidelity and Christian care in distributing it
to the best ends and purposes we can, so as we hope we shall.be able to give a just and
fair account for every part of it to yourself and others, by our letters to you. It is well
known what advantages the Missionaries from England have of us, from the settled fund
of their Church, which not only liberally supports them here, but encourages so many
insolences both against our persons and interests, which sorrowfully looking on, we can-
not but lament and crave your remedy. That our evangelical affairs may be the better
managed, we have formed ourselves into a Presbytery, annually to be convened at this
city ; at which times it is a sore distress and trouble uuto us, that we are not able to com-
ply with the desires of sundry places, crying unto us for ministers to deal forth the word
of life unto them ; therefore we most earnestly beseech you, in the bowels of our Lord,
to intercede with the ministers of London, and other well affected gentlemen, to extend
their charity and pity to us, to carry on so necessary and glorious a work ; otherwise
many people will remain in a perishing condition as to spiritual things. In so doing,
your humble supplicants shall ever pray that the blessings of God's throne and footstool
may be conferred upon you anC> them.
P. S. The death of that worthy and honourable person, the Lord Lovelace, we are
afraid will prove detrimental to our interest ; and we could wish that his place were filled
again with a person of such a spirit and temper as he appeared to be of. We desire that?
what you shall please to transmit to us, as to letters or otherwise, may be directed unto
]\Ir. Andrews, or in his absence to Mr. David Gifiing and Mr. William Allen, in Phila-
delphia.— \_LeUer Book.]
1710.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 17
Ordered, That our next meeting be at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday of
September, 1710. And that Mr. Hampton prepare his Prcsbyterial exercise
against that time, from Heb. i. 6.
1710.
■ At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia,
September 20, 1710. Post preces sederunt
Jlr. John Wilson, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. George McNish, Mr. John
Hampton Ministers.
Mr. John Gardner, Mr. Joseph Yard, Mr. Alexander Brown, Mr. Benjamin
Aidlett, elders.
It being put to the vote who should be moderator, carried for Mr. George
McNish ; and also voted for the clerk, carried for John Hampton.
The Presbytery met to-day, though yesterday was appointed, because the
members were not come together before this day.
Mr. Hampton, according to order, delivered his Presbyterial exercise, and
the same was approved of.
Upon the desire of the Bev. Mr. John Henry to be admitted a member of
this Presbytery, having given due satisfaction by testimonials to the Presby-
tery, he was, according to desire, admitted.
At the desire also of Mr. James Anderson, he was* admitted, upon producing
sufficient testimonials of his abilities and qualifications for the ministerial work,
and that he was duly licensed and ordained thereunto.
The Presbytery adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning.
Die Jovis, Ida. sederunt post 2'>'>'cces.
After mature and deliberate consideration of the Rev. Mr. Wade's case, that
lias been long under our consideration, he now offering himself and desiring to
be a member of this Presbytery, was admitted, having satisfied, by letters and
testimonials, and personal arguing, that his proceedings have been such as to
give just ground for his acceptance.
A committee consisting of Mr. Wilson, Andrews, Hampton, appointed to
meet at two o'clock, to inquire into Mr. Morgan's and Van Vleck's affair, and
prepare it for the Presbytery.
Adjourned till three o'clock, ^osi merid.
Post preces, 3a. sederunt, &c.
The committee, according to order, inquired into Mr. Morgan's case, and
made report thereof unto the Presbytery. And after debating thereupon, and
having put it to vote, it was carried in the affirmative to admit said IMorgan as
a member of this Presbytery.
The committee reported Mr. Van Vleck's case, and after serious debating
thereon, put it to the vote, admit him a member of the Presbytery or not, aud
it was carried in the affirmative.
Memorandum : Upon the admission of these ministers above mentioned :
three elders more sat in the Presbytery, namely, Mr. Pierce Bray, Mr. John
Foord, and Mr. Lenard Van Degrift.
A committee consisting of Mr. Henry, Mr. Anderson, and Mr. Wade, ap-
pointed to prepare and bring in overtures to the Presbytery, and also take
cognizance of whatever may be laid before them, to prepare it for the Pres-
bytery. _ _ r
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning.
Die Veneris ante meridiem 4, sederunt, d-c. post preces.
Upon information that David Evan, a lay person, had taken upon him
3
18 MINUTES OF TIIE [1710.
publicly to teach or preach among the "Welch in the Great Valley, Chester
county, it was unanimously agreed that the said Evan had done very ill, and
acted irregularly in thus invading the work of the ministry, and was thereupon
censured.
Agreed that the most proper method for advancing David Evan in neces-
sary literature to prepare him for the work of the ministry is, that he lay
aside all other business for a twelve month, and apply himself closely to
learning and study, under the direction of Mr. Andrews, and with the assist-
ance of Mr. AVilson and Anderson, and that it be left to the discretion of the
said ministers when to put said Evan on trials, and license him publicly to
teach or preach:
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson write to the Welch, in the Welch Tract, and Mr.
Andrews to those in the Great Valley.
A call from the good people of Rehoboth, in Maryland, to the Rev. Mr.
Henry, presented by Mr. Pierce Bray before the Presbytery, and his answer
deferred till afternoon.
Adjourned to three o'clock, pos^ meridiem.
The call to Mr. Henry came under consideration, and being again proposed
to his acceptance, he accepted thereof.
The letter to the Great Valley, writ by Mr. Andrews, read and approved.
It being reported that one Walter Kerr defamed the Presbytery, and jMr.
Morgan, minister to said Kerr, desiring advice therein how to behave, it wa3
referred to the said Mr. Morgan to take cognizance of the offence, and to act
either by private or public censure, as the nature of the thing should appear to
him, and that report thereof be made next meeting.
Ordered, That the ministers and elders of the meeting come prepared for the
future to give a true and impartial account how matters are mutually betwixt
them, both with regard to spirituals and temporals.
Ordered, That two letters be writ to Woodbridge, to the two parties thereof,
by Mr. Wilson, Andrews, and Hampton.
Mr. Morgan has obtained leave to return home on sufficient reasons oifered.
Mr. Brown, from the people of Monokin and Wicomico, moved for Mr.
IMcNish's answering to the call formerly presented to him, and his answer was
delayed till to-morrow or Monday.
Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock.
Mr, Wilson writ to the people of Welch Tract, and was sustained.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton and Mr. Davis preach the admission sermons
of Mr. John Henry, at llehoboth.
Mr. Henry and IMr. McNish appointed to preach to-morrow, being the Lord's
day, and Mr. Anderson on Monday.
Adjourned to eight o'clock, Monday morning.
Letters writ to Woodbridge by Mr. Wilson, Andrews, Hampton, read and
sustained.*
* To our Christian friends in Woodbridge, with Tvhom the Rev. Mr. Wade is concerned.
September, 1710.
Christian Friends, We salute you heartily in the Lord, wishing you grace, mercy, and
peace, &c. Your Reverend Pastor, and our beloved brother, Mr. Wade, having offered
himself to be a member of our Presbytery, we have, after due deliberation, accordingly
accepted of him, in hopes that the issue thereof may tend to the glory of God and good
of his Church, and contribute to the union and reconciliation of the good people of Wood-
bridge among themselves, as i.i doth in a particular manner unite them to us. Therefore,
1710.] PRESBYTEEY OF PHILADELPHIA. 19
Mr. jNIcNisli and Brown's affair came under consideration, and it was further
delayed till afternoon.
Adjourned to three o'clock, afternoon,
Ordered, That ]Mr. Henry write to the Presbytery of Dublin.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson and Mr. Anderson write to the Synod of Glasgow.
Mr. McNish's affair further delayed till to-morrow morning.
Ordered, That a letter be writ to Dr. Tongue, at London, by the moderator.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to morrow.
The letters to Glasgow and Dublin read and sustained.*
we beseech you on your parts, as we Lave your brethren and neighbours on their parts,
to study with all care and diligence, unity, peace, and holiness, and that all division and
animosity by-past may be entirely buried, by avoiding and shunning all reflections and im-
prudent expressions or carriage, that in the least may tend to continue or aggravate your
unhappy divisions, or hinder that true Christian communion and fellowship which is the or-
nament of our holy religion. Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to
dwell together in unity! Thus committing you to God and the word of his grace, ■which,
is able to build you up, we remain your servants for Christ's sake. — [Letter Book.]
To our Christian friends that are at present dissatisfied with Mr. Wade.
September, 1710.
Dear and Christian Friends : — We have had your friendly letter presented to us by our
Rev. Brother, ]\Ir. McNish, and took it into our most serious consideration, and desire
to use all manner of conscientious tenderness, hoping that you will look upon our whole
design to be for the glory of God, and the propagation of the gospel among you, beseech-
ing you that our advice be not, by any person misunderstood, as if we had any other thing in
our view than what we have already mentioned, expecting that it may have its due weight
with pious and thinking souls. The Rev. Mr. Nathaniel AVade made application to the
Presbytery to be admitted a member thereof, upon which we deliberately debated, and
made a narrow scrutiny into matters as they appeared to us, and found by his certificates
that his ordination was good and valid according to Scripture rules, and also that he had
a call and subscriptions even from some of yourselves, with several other recommenda-
tions from persons whose integrity we could not suspect. And nothing appearing to his
disadvantage sufficiently attested, we judged it unjust to deny his desire, which seemed
to us to flow from sincere intentions of being more useful and doing greater good, he
having freely and fully submitted himself to the judgment and discipline of the (jhurch
according to Presbytery, and also to the meeting in particular, to whom he and his peo-
ple now stand in relation. Therefore, beloved in the Lord, having thus acted sincerely
and used our best endeavours to determine things most justly and fairly, we do recom-
mend to your tenderness, Christian love and afi'ection, and for evidence thereof we can
do no other than declare it to be our judgment that you do, (since you do professedly
own this judicatory,) so far countenance our determination as to have a care of any thing
that looks like dissension or separation, but the contrary. And we do likewise, in the
bowels of Christ, (knowing how much the interest of godliness is concerned in it.) with
all tenderness and love, exhort you to study peace and unity among your neighbours,
and to have a conscientious care not to weaken the hands of Mr. AVade in the work of
the ministry. And that this duty of love and peace may be the more effectually promo-
ted and practised among you, we have also sent our exhortatory letter to your neigh-
bours, that nothing may be wanting on their part, which, together with this, we hope
may be of a cementing use. Thus recommending you to the care and guidance of the
Father of Lights, we conclude, and remain your cordial well-wishers. — \_Letter Uoo/'c]
* The Presbytery met at Philadelphia to the Rev. Presbytery of Dublin, wisheth grace,
mercy, peace, (the bond of fellowship,) and prosperity in the gospel of the Lord Jesus.
September, 1710.
Rev. and dear Brethren in the Lord: — By a letter from the Rev. Mr. Alexander Sin-
clare, a member of your society, dated JSovember, 17U'J, and directed to Mr. John Uenry,
20 MINUTES OF THE [1710.
The matter betwixt Mr. Brown and MeNisli 'witli relation to the people of
Monokin, came again to be considered, and Mr. McNish agreed to go down
some time before winter to Monokin, and in the meantime to write to them,
which the Presbytery have agreed unto j and then Mr. McNish to give his an-
swer to their call.
one of our number, we find you desire a correspondence may be settled and continued
from time to time, than the which nothing can be more acceptable to us poor scattered
and far dispersed labourers in our Lord's vineyard. As also you desire an account of
our ecclesiastical affairs, and promise all the assistance yourselves can aiford, or procure
by interest from others. The former we are ready to give, and for the latter we are
grateful
As to the state of the Church in these parts, our interest truly is very weak, and we
cannot relate this matter without sorrow of heart, since it is too much owing to the ne-
glect of ministers at home. Our late Rev. Brother Mr. Francis McKemie, prevailed with
the ministers of London to undertake the support of two itinerants for the space of two
years, and after that time to send two more upon the same condition, allowing the former
after that time to settle, which, if accomplished, had proved of more than credible ad-
vantage to these parts, considering how far scattered most of the inhabitants be. But,
alas, they drew back their hand, and we have reason to lament their deficiency. Had
our friends at home been equally watchful and diligent as the Episcopal Society at Lon-
don, our interest in most foreign plantations probably might have carried the balance.
In all Virginia there is but one small congregation at Elizabeth River, and some few
families favouring our way in Rappahanock and York. In Maryland only four, in Penn-
sylvania five, and in the Jerseys two, which bounds with some places of New York,
makes up all the bounds we have any members from, and at present some of these be
vacant. Not long ago there was a probability of doing more good in Maryland before
episcopacy was established bylaw, and at present is in Pennsylvania, the East and West
Jerseys, and some places of New York, if the occasion also be not slipped. As for ec-
clesiastical affairs in other . places, we shall not here trouble you with, being not per-
fectly acquainted therewith ourselves. That then. Reverend and dear Brethren, which
at present we would humbly, for the sake of Christ's interest, make the subject of our
address unto you is, that of your zealous Christian, and religious charity to the mystical
body of the blessed Jesus, you would raise one sixty pound to support an able well ap-
proved of young man from yourselves as an itinerant in these parts, among the dispei'sed
children of God for a year, after which time we doubt not but he may be settled com-
fortably. This we have used our interest in London for, in the hands of the Rev. Mr.
Calamy, which we expect, according to promise from the Rev. Mr. Sinclare, you will use
yours also to forward. And in the meantime not be wanting to answer our former request.
Thus, not making the least doubt but this our letter shall have the desired answer, we
subscribe ourselves, by our representative, your well wishers in the Lord. — \_LeHcr Book.J
The Presbytery met at Philadelphia, to the Right Reverend Synod, of Glasgow.
September, 1710.
Right Reverend: — Hoping you are in part acquainted with the circumstances of our
interest in these American plantations, and persuading ourselves of your readiness to
contribute both by advice and otherways for the general good of Christianity in these
poor neglected provinces, we have unanimously judged it, (knowing none so proper to
apply unto, and repose our confidence in, as yourselves, our Reverend Brethren of the
Church of Scotland, whom we sincerely honour and affectionately esteem as fathers,) our
duty, for strengthening our interest in the service of the gospel, to address you for your
concurrence with us in so great and good a work. We are not a little encouraged in these
our applications, by a letter from the Rev. Mr. James Brown, of Glasgow, one of the mem-
bers of the Rev. Synod, (to some of our good friends,) of your willingness to correspond
with us, in what concerns the advancement of the Mediator's interest in these regions
where our lot is fallen. We have, for some years past, formed ourselves into a Presby-
terial meeting, annually convented at the city of Philadelphia, in Pennsylvania, and to our
capacities, (considering our infancy, paucity, and the many oppositions and discourage-
ments we have all along struggled with,) taken what care we could that our meeting,
(though small,) might be for the general good of religion in these parts. And we are
thankful that by the Divine Providence our endeavours and poor essays have not been al-
together in vain. The number of our ministers from the respective provinces is ten in all,
tlu-ee from Maryland, five from Pennsylvania, and two from East Jersey. And we are in
1711.] PKESBYTERY OP PHILADELPHIA. 21
Nest meeting appointed at Philadelphia, third Tuesday of September, 1711.
And that Mr. Henry and Mr. Anderson prepare their Presbyterial Exercises
on 1 Heb. 7th and 8th verses. Mr. Henry on verse 7, and. Mr. A-nderson on
verse 8.
1711.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia,
September 20, 1711. Post jircces sederunt
Mr. John Wilson, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. George McNish, Mr. John
Hampton, Mr. James Anderson, Mr. Nathaniel \yade, ministers.
John Steel, Joseph Yard, Adam Spence, Segfrigus Alricks, Thomas Pike,
elders.
Mr. Andrews was clerk, and Mr. Wilson moderator.
Mr. Henry's letter to excuse his not coming to the Presbytery read, and his
excuse was sustained.
Ordered, That the moderator write to him, and signify that his excuse was
sustained with difficulty. /
Mr. Morgan and Mr. Van Vleck were'absent, and no excuse given or sent. 1
Ordered, That Mr. xVndrews write to them to reprehend them for their absence.
Appointed that David Evan's aflfair, in relation to his proficiency in learning
be considered.
Because of JMr. Morgan's absence, no report was given of that affair of
Walter Kerr, spoken of in the minutes of the former year.
The minute relating to the giving account of the mutual concerns of minis-
ters and people referred to the next sederunt.
Mr. Davis and Mr. Hampton preached the admission sermons of Mr. Henry
according to appointment.
Upon a certain emergency the Presbytery met a day later than appointment.
Adjourned to 8 o'clock, to-morrow mornino'.
21 sessione 2da. die Veno'is.
Inquiry was made of the several ministers, touching the state of their con-
great expectation that some from other places may be encouraged to join us hereafter.
We have thought good further to represent to tlie Rev. Synod, the desoUxte condition of
sundry vacant places who have applied to us for a supply of ministers, who express their
Christian desire of enjoying the public administrations of the gospel purely, but to their
and our grief they are not in a capacity to provide a competent maintenance for the sup-
port of ministers without being beholden to the Christian assistance of others, at least
for some time. We are sorry in our present circumstances we can neither answer their
request by supplying them with ministers, nor conti-ibuting towards their outward sup-
port, some of ourselves being considerably straitened. May it therefore please the pious
and Rev. Synod, in compassion to the desolate souls in America, perishing for want of
vision, to send over one or more ministers, and to support tliem for longer or shorter
time. This will be a work very worthy of persons of your character, a strengthening to
us and our interest, and a matter of singular comfort to all the sincere lovers of our
Lord Jesus Christ. AVe further represent, that according to the best of our judgment,
forty pounds sterling annually paid in Scotland, to be transmitted in goods, will be a
competency for the support of each minister you send, provided that of 3'our pious and
Christian benevolence you suitably fit them out. And after they have here laboured ia
the Lord's vinej'ard a year or two, we are in good hopes that they will iind sucli com-
fortable encouragement as may induce them to settle among us witliout giviug you further
trouble for their support. Thus recommending ourselves and affairs to your Christian
concern and hearty prayers, expecting your ready concurrence with us in these represen-
tations and desires for the public good and interest of the gospel, and praying for the
rich blessing of heaven upon yourselves, and success in your undertakings for Christ's
Church, we remain your all'ectionate brethren and fellow labourers in the work of tho
Lord. — ILctier Book.^
22 MINUTES OF THE [1711.
gregations and of themselves, with relation thei'eto ; and also of the several
elders, not only of the measures taken to support the ministry, but of the life,
conversation, and doctrine of their several ministers^ and report was given to
satisfaction for this time.
Mr. McXish's affair in reference to Patuxent, deferred till another time.
Appointed that the Moderator and Mr. Andrews write to the people of Co-
banzy, in relation to Mr. Exell.
Mr. "Wade's case deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned to 3 o'clock, afternoon.
Post Merid.
Messrs. McXish, Hampton, and Wade, appointed to inspect into the profi-
ciency of David Evan.
Adjourned till 9 o'clock to-morrow.
22 Die Saturni.
Mr. "Wade's case was reassumed.
The Moderator and Mr. Hampton appointed to draw up a form of words,
which Mr. Wade is to use in the public reversing the sentence, publicly passed
by him against John Ilsley and William Sharp.*
Messrs. Andrews, McNish, and Hampton, ordered to read the papers, rela-
ting to Mr. AYade's business, and to make report the next sederunt.
Adjourned till 10 o'clock on 31onday.
24 Die Liinse.
Messrs. Andrews, McNish, and Hampton, did what was appointed relating
to the papers concerning Mr. Wade's case, and made report accordingly.
Mr. McNish's case came under consideration, and 'twas determined to leavo
his affair respecting Jamaica and Patuxent to himself, with advice not to delay
fixing himself somewhere.
j\lr. Anderson was defective in not delivering his Presbyterial exercise, was
censured for his defect, and appointed to deliver it next meeting.
Adjourned to 4 o'clock, afternoon.
Post 3Ierid.
The Moderator and Mr. Andrews writ the letter to Cohanzy, and it was ap-
proved."}"
, 1711.
* A form of words appointed to be read for reversing a censure passed by Mr. Wade,
against .John Ilsley and William Sharj), as foUoweth :
Whereas some time ago, a censure of too high a nature has been here passed against
John Ilsley and William Sharp, (though we cannot altogether excuse them, especially
the former.) I do now upon good ground and satisfaction given, declare that the same
persons, .John Ilsley and William Sharp, are cleared from said censure, and now received
into full communion as formerly before such censure, with this church, and all persons
are accordingly to take notice thereof.
f A letter to the people of Cohanzy. ^
September, 1711.
Dear and Christian Friends : — From our sincere regard to your spiritual and everlast-
ing welfare, Ave have taken into our most serious consideration, your state and condition,
as at present circumstanced, and could not but think it our incumbent duty, to lay be-
fore you what have been our thoughts thereupon. We could have wished you had taken
better advised steps for your provision, as to the ministry, for we fear your j^resent sup-
ply will not answer your expectation. As for the gentleman, that has for some time
preached among you, though we wish him no harm, but all the good he can reasonably
desire; yet we have such respect to the honour of the Gospel iu general and yourselves
1711.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 23
The committee gave in their report concerning David Evan, and do approve
of bis hopeful proficiency.
Several papers oflFercd by John Ilsley in relation to Mr. "Wade, not being
thought proper to be discussed by this meeting, the said papers were delivered
to him again, in concurrence with his own desire.
Adjourned to 8 o'clock to-morrow morning.
25 Die MarHs. '
■ The Moderator and Mr. Andrews wrote the letter to Monokin, and 'twas
approved.
Adjourned to 3 o'clock, afternoon.
Post Mcrid.
Mr. Wade's business further discoursed about.
Adjourned till 9 o'clock, to-morrow morning.
26 Die Mercurii.
Ordered, That Mr. Wilson do supply the people of Patuxent four Sabbaths,
Mr. Henry four Sabbaths, and Mr. Hampton is left to himself to supply some-
time if he can.
Ordered, that Mr. Wilson in his letter to Mr. Henry, signify the appoint-
ment of the Presbytery, concerning his supplying at Patuxent.
This day our Reverend Brother, Mr. Wade, being asked if he had any thing
further to offer in relation to Woodbridge, he did freely and of himself, make
the following ofFer, viz : Whereas he had, with the greatest seriousness, for a
long time truly lamented the many and unhappy jarrings among the people of
Woodbridge; and that he might be no longer a bone of contention, did (out of
a sense of the glory of God, the good of that people, and his own future quiet,)
propose it, as the most healing method, that he, by the consent of the Pres-
bytery, would cheerfully demit and resign up all pastoral relation to the whole
people of Woodbridge, heartily wishing that they may unite in calling another
minister, that the Presbytery shall approve of. And Mr. Wade further pro-
posed, that in the mean time, till they be supplied, the Presbytery to take care
that they may not be left destitute of belp.
Mr. Van Vleck's excuse with respect to bis absence, was sustained, he
being disabled by sickness, as one of his elders reported, being sent for that
purpose.
Agreed, That the Presbytery take a specimen of David Evan's knowledge in
Divinity the next sederunt.
Adjourned to 3 o'clock, afternoon.
Post Merld.
After serious deliberation, wo are come to this conclusion, that the proposal
made by the Ptev. Mr. Wade, concerning the demitting of his pastoral charge
at Woodbridge, is the only eflectual method for the healing all the breaches
among the people of Woodbridge ; and therefore do heartily concur with him
in particular, that, by the best account we have of him, we do not judge him a suit.ible
person to preside in the ministerial function among j'ou. lie was invited to be present
at our meeting, but he neither came nor sent, which intimates cither a contempt or
Bupine neglect of ecclesiastical judicatories. We have been informed concerning some
printed papers dispersed hy him among the people, which papers we cannot approve of,
as containing abundance of gross errors, so far as they arc intelligible, and a great part
consisting of nonsense and self-contradictions, which is obvious to any judicious observer.
We thought it fit to discharge our consciences, in endeavouring to guard you against
those things which we judge prejudicial to truth and your souls' happiness; and do as-
sure you, that what lies within the compass of our power, in order to your comfortable
settlement, shall not be wanting from
Your souls' well-wishers.— [ie«cr Book.\
24 MINUTES OF THE [1711.
in it, and accept of it as a truly proper and Christian expedient, and do hence-
forth allow the good people of Woodbridge to supply themselves with another
pastor as soon as they can, and in the mean time accept of and improve such
supply as shall be offered.
Mr. Wade ordered to supply during the vacancy.
Agreed, That none should be allowed to vote for the calling of a minister,
but those that shall contribute for the maintenance of him, and that the major
vote of those shall be determinative.
Ordered, That Mr. McNish do read the form of words drawn up at the ap-
pointment of the Presbytery, for the reversing the censure against John Ilsley
and William Sharpe, publicly at the meeting house in Woodbridge.
Ordered, That Mr. Hampton and Anderson write a letter to the people of
Woodbridge.
The letter appointed to be writ to Patuxent, was read and approved.
Adjourned till 9 o'clock; to-morrow.
27 Die Jovis.
Upon the desire of the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell, signified by
Mr. William Yard, for our assisting them in getting a minister, it was agreed,
that in case the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell are not engaged with
Mr. Sacket, that they use all opportunities they have for a speedy supply, and
apply themselves to the neighbouring ministers for assistance in getting a
minister for them.
The letter to Woodbridge read and approved.*
* A Letter to the Christian People at Woodbridge.
September, 1711.
Dear and Christian Friends : The unhappy divisions and contentions that have been
long among you, to our great grief and concern, liaving been again laid before us, with
all diligence and care, we did again take them into consideration, and indeed found no
small matter of sorrow, trouble, and vexation ; and after spending much time could not,
without difficulty, come to any conclusion.
Upon the whole matter, and after our serious reflections thereon, we cannot but with
grief tell you, that we fear there has been fault on all hands, and that the most innocent
have reason of self-condemnation ; how much others, then, that have been the unhappy
causes, fomenters, and promoters of such unchristian distractions and animosities. AVoe
to them by whom ofi'ences come. Having mentioned this, we cannot pass on till in the
bowels of Christ we beseech and request you to look back and repent, to love and unitOj
in the true fear of God and the interest of his kingdom for the future.
That we are in particular to inform you of, which (as we hope,) will prove an effectual
remedy to all your unhappy dissensions is, that our reverend brother Mr. Nathaniel Wade,
has of himself, freely and willingly, for the glory of God and the good of poor Wood-
bridge, (as he and we both do hope,) demitted and resigned all pastoral relation unto,
and interest in the whole people of Woodbridge ; so that he is not any longer to be looked
on by you, but as a transient minister or occasional supply. We have, therefore, ap-
pointed him to be your present supply, until you can, by the majority of the votes of
such as contribute to the maintenance of a minister, provide yourselves with such an
one, as we hope you will be unanimous in, and the Presbytery approve of at our next
meeting. And Christian friends, we doubt not, but you are sensible that the labourer
is worthy of his hire, and therefore hope you will not utterly neglect our Brother Wade,
who is to be your present supply, so long as he continues such. We would in the last
place advise that, as soon as conveniently you can, you do unanimously meet and consult
on the most proper methods for settling the ministry among you ; and that therein all
private interests, and needless contradictions, and divisions be laid aside, the glory of
God and good of your souls purely aimed at and studied, and that you forsake not the
assembling yourselves together. And thus we hope, by Christian pi-udence and modera-
tion, you will bring things, by the good providence of God, to a happy issue and com-
fortable conclusion. And assure yourselves that we shall always be ready and willing
to assist you to the utmost of our power, in the work of the Gospel among you. Now
brethren, the God of Peace and Order be with you; direct, strengthen, and establish
yoUj BO prays, Yours, &c. — ILetter Book.J
1712.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 25
Appointed, That David Evan preach under the direction and inspection of
Messrs. Wilson, Andrews, and Anderson, till the next Presbytery.
Ordered, That Mr. Wade and Mr. Morgan prepare their Presbytcrial exer-
cises against the next Presbytery, the former on the 9th the other on the 10th
verse of Heb. i. And that Mr. AVade intimate this appointment to INIr. Morgan.
Next meeting appointed at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday of September,
1712.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia, which hegan,
September 17, 1712. Postpreces sederunt,
Ministers : Messrs. Jedediah Andrews, John Hampton, John Henry, James
Anderson, Joseph Morgan, and Paul Van Vleck.
Elders : Messrs. Joseph Yard, Isaac Piper, John Burges, Isaac Dilbcck.
David Evan, a candidate, was chosen Clerk, and Mr. Jedediah Andrews,
Moderator.
• The members not being come together yesterday, the Presbytery began this
day.
The roll being called over, our Eev. Brother, Mr. John Wilson, was taken
away by death, and Messrs. Davis, McNish, and Wade, were absent.
The Presbytery, after inquiry, are satisfied that Mr. Davis was necessarily
absent this three years past ; and it is ordered that Mr. Hampton and Mr. Ilem-y
do exhort him to attend for the future, or send sufficient excuse in writing.
Mr. Morgan's reasons for not coming to the Presbytery last year were given
and sustained.
The business of Walter Kerr, mentioned in the year 1710, and continued
the last year, being of so long a standing, and falling of itself, the l*rcsbytcry
thought good to pass it without any further notice.
Touching the appointment made the last Presbytery for the supply of the
people of Patuxent, it was complied with to satisftiction.
Mr. Henry delivered his Presbyterial exercise that was appointed 1710, and
was approven.
One Mr. Bratton, a minister, who arrived in Maryland some time last fall,
being detained by sickness that he could not atteud the Presbytery, sent his
certihcate of his legal admission to the ministry, and was approven.
Mr. Robert Wilson, being commissioned, did present a letter from the people
of jMonokin and Wicomico, relating to their church affairs, in answer to a letter
sent to them by us last year ; and also a call to the Ilev. Mr. Thomas Bratton,
with a paper of subscriptions for his encouragement.
And it is ordered that a letter be writ to the said Mr. Thomas Bratton, with
respect to the said call, in favour of that people.
Mr. Anderson ordered to write the letter.
Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock..
18 Die Jovis, post preces sederunt, cCr.
Mr. IMcNish gave his reasons for not attending at the opening of Presbytery,
and they were accepted.
Mr. Anderson writ the letter to Mr. Bratton, and it was approven.
The order for inquiring into the mutual condition of ministers and people,
was observed, and no complaint was made by any, except by Mr. Van Vleck
with respect to the people of Neshaminy, which cause is now depending.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
4
26 MINUTES OF THE [1712.
Post merid. post pieces, sederunt, dx^
The business relating to Mr. Van Vleck and his people resumed.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow.
19 Die Veneris, j^ost preccs, dx.
The business relating to Mr. Van Vleck and his people, came again into con-
sideration.
]\Ir. Anderson delivered his Prcsbyterial exercise that was appointed hiui
1710, and was approven.
Adjourned to half an hour after three in the afternoon.
Post merid. post j^reces, &x.
The business concerning Mr. Van Vleck and his people, again taken into
consideration.
It was concluded that after the Presbytery had examined the several eviden-
ces brought in relation to the crime of bigamy, alleged against Mr. Van Vleck,
as also the exceptions offered by the said Van Vleck against the evidences, and
in vindication of himself, the Presbytery not finding the evidences clear and
positive enough to prove the crime against him, and yet Mr. Van Vleck's vin-
dication not sufficient to take off the scandal wholly, do therefore, till such time
as Mr. Van Vleck bring satisfying proof of his first wife's death, for the honour
of the gospel, advise that he do not officiate as a minister of the gospel. To
which advice he does willingly agree.
Ordered, upon the whole, that a letter be writ to Mr. Van Vleck's people,
by the moderator and Mr. Hampton.*
The Presbytery having seen Mr. George Gillespie's certificates, from the
Presbyter}'- of Glasgow, concerning his being licensed to preach, and his con-
versation, did approve of them, and in case Providence make way for his ordina-
tion, by a call from any congregation before next Presbytery, Mr. Andrews,
McNish, Anderson, and Morgan, are ordered to ordain him, and that one of
the said members, or two, as they shall see fit, preach at the solemnity.
A petition from the people of Whiteclay Creek was read.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow.
20 Die Saturni, post preces, dx.
Two letters from the people of Woodbridge, and one from Mr. Wade, being
read, the business of that place was taken into consideration.
* A letter to the people to whom Mr. Van Vleck did use to preach.
Scjnemher 19//t, 1712.
Christian Friends : — We have had your melancholy affair relating to the ditference be-
tween some of you and Mr. Van Vleck under serious consideration, and do sincerely la-
ment the same, as being of that nature to hinder the progress of true religion and good
of souls.
We, after much pains and time spent about it, did agree to give it as our advice to Mr.
Van Vleck, to desist from the exercise of his ministerial office until he viudicate himself
from the grievous scandal that is so common, of his having two wives; which advice of
ours he himself has willingly agreed unto, as the best way to take off and prevent, for
the future, the reproach that, it is plain, religion and godliness might otherwise lie under.
And therefore we hope. Christian friends, that you'll all take in good part, the care and
pains we have been at in this matter, and be contented with what we have advised unto ;
and recommend unto you the practice of holiness. Christian love and peace, improving
all opportunities you may have of public ordinances in the mean time, and that you en-
deavour to heal breaches as much as you can.
Postscript. The reason of this advice for his not preaching was this, that the Presby-
tery could not find proof clear and positive enough to prove the crime against him, yet
Mr. Van Vleck's vindication did not appear sufficient — \_Lclter Book.l
1712.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 27
Ordered, That the moderator, Mr. McNish, and Mr. Hampton, bring in an
overture with respect to Mr. Wade's affair, the next sederunt.
A petition presented from the people of Welsh Tract and Great Yalley, Avith
respect to David Evans, afterwards to be taken into consideration.
The petition of the people of White Clay Creek was again read, and it was
ordered, that if Mr. Gillespie sees fit to leave Woodbridge, he jSi-st supply that
people for some time, or any other he may be invited by, at his own discretion;
till next Presbytery.
Adjourned to Monday, at nine o'clock.
22 Die Lunse, post preces sederunt, &c.
Mr. Morgan die Snhhati delivered his Presbyterial Exercise that was ap-
pointed him 1711, and this day it was animadverted upon and approven.
A petition from the people of Cohanzy, being presented by Mr. John OgdeOj
their messenger, was read, and left to further consideration.
It was ordered, that a letter be writ to that people by the moderator.
The overture brought in by the moderator, Mr. McNish, and Hampton, con-
cerniug Mr. Wade and the people of Woodbridge, read and approven, and was
as follows :
It is overtured, That whereas, for these several years, we have endeavoured
to accommodate the differences between Mr. Wade and the people of Wood-
bridge, after some time, at his own proposal, we admitted him as a member of
our Presbytery, and he submitted himself willingly to our constitution, which
we hoped would have been effectual for the taking away these unhappy divisions,
but to our sad disappointment, we have found them continue and rather increase.
The first year of his admission, we hoped that our Christian and ministerial
advice, both to Mr. Wade and the disagreeing parties at Woodbridge, would have
been suflicient for reconciliation, but herein also we were lamentably frustrated,
for the next Presbytery their mutual complaints were again renewed.
And after inquiry and serious deliberation upon those complaints, some
whereof brought by the people against Mr. Wade were of a scandalous nature,
and of long standing, we came to an unanimous resolution, that really 3Ir.
Wade has been all along, and continued to be, the woful bone of contention
among that unhappy people, and that therefore the only effectual way of put-
ting an end to these unchristian jars, was that Mr. Wade should demit all pas
toral relation to the whole people of Woodbridge, and that they should be at
full liberty to choose some other minister ; but in the mean time, we were wil-
ling that Mr. Wade should supply their vacancy until another offered, not
doubting but that Mr. Wade and the good people of Woodbridge would use
their u animous endeavours with all convenient speed, to provide themselves
with a qualified minister in whom they should agree. To all which Mr. Wade
did, at our last Presbytery aforesaid, give his solemn and hearty consent, as
fully appears from his own words, then spoken and upon record. Nevertheless,
Mr. Wade immediately on his return to Woodbridge, did begin, and has con-
tinued ever since, to misconstrue our proceedings, and render ineffectual all our
designs of peace and unity :
1. By pretending still to a pastoral relation to some of the people of Wood-
bridge, notwithstanding his own actual renunciation of all such charge as ap-
pears, and furthermore constituting new church officers. — Vide letter, Novem-
ber 23, 1711.
2. By finding fault with some of our Presbytery for providing a supply
according to the mind of the whole Presbytery, who always designed 3Ir.
"Wade to supply no longer than till another could be had. — Mdc letter, Sep-
tember IG, 1712.
28 MINUTES OF THE [1712.
3. By opposing the settlement of Mr. Gillespie, a preacher from North
Britain, though recommended heartily by Dr. Mather, as well as sufficiently
from Glasgow, and at first generally liked by the people of Woodbridge. — Vide
Dr. Mather's last letter to Woodbridge.
4. But most of all, and which indeed includes all, by a shameful recantation
■which he, the said Mr. "Wade, made, in a letter to three of our number, dated
November 23, 1711, of what he solemnly and frankly acknowledged, upon con-
viction of his conscience, as he said, viz. that he had been a bone of contention
at Woodbridge, and therefore, that he might be so no longer, he demitted all
pastoral relation to them, heartily wishing they might unite in calling another
which the Presbytery might approve of, as our records makO appear ; this he
now declares he recants, so that it seems he resolves still upon being the
wretched bone of contention, and therefore labours what he can, contrary both
to the greatest part of the people, and the mind of the Presbytery, to plant
himself there again, or if not, to keep up the contention. And though Mr.
Wade has not attended this Presbytery, yet his own letters above cited, besides
the personal knowledge of several members of this Presbytery concerning this
affair, and the letters from the people, dated one of them, November 6, 1711,
another September 13, 1712, besides one from Mr. Thomas Pike, of November
10th, 1711, do sufficiently evidence the contentions about him to be as great aa
ever. — Vide letter Nov. 23, 1711.
We, therefore, in the fear and name of our great Master, do appoint and or-
dain that the said Mr. Wade do no longer exercise his ministerial office at the
town of Woodbridge, or among the people thereof, unless allowed by the Pres-
bytery hereafter, but that he forthwith, and without resistance, directly or in-
directly, give place to some other whom God in his providence may send, and
the good people of Woodbridge, or the major part of them, call and agree about.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews and Anderson write upon that head to Dr. Cot-
ton Mather, Mr. Nathaniel Wade, and the people of Woodbridge.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
F.3L
The letter to the people of Cohanzy was read and approven.
The Presbytery received a letter from Mr. Gillespie, and it was ordered that
Mr. Henry write an answer unto it.
A complaint of the melancholy circumstances Mr. John Macky, in Elizabeth
River, Virginia, labours under, by Mr. Henry, the Presbytery was concerned.
And Mr. John Hampton saying that he designed to write to him on an affair
of his own, the Presbytery desired him to signify their regard to, and concern
for him.
The affair of David Evans came into consideration, and it was appointed that
Mr. Hampton, Henry, and Morgan, inquire into his proficiency iu learning, and
give in a report the next sederunt.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow.
23 Die Martis, post preces, &c.
The letter to Mr. Gillespie was read and approven.
The brethren appointed to inquire into David Evans' proficiency in learning
brought in their report, that he had for the time, made considerable profi-
ciency ; whereupon it was voted, whether he should be ordained before the
next Presbytery, according to the people's desire, and it was carried in the
negative.
Ordered, That he continue to follow his studies under the inspection of Mr.
Andrews, &c., as heretofore.
1712.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 29
The letters to Dr. Cotton Mather, Mr. Wade, and the people of "Woodbridge,
were written and approven.*
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews preach next Presbytery on the 11th verse of
the first of the Hebrews, and Mr. McNish on the 12th.
* To Dr. Cotton Mather.
September, 1712.
Eev. and Dear Brother : — You are not altogether unacquainted Tvith the troubles that
hare been long at Woodbridge, by reason of the difference between Mr. AVade and a great
part of the people there, which have occasioned much exercise and perplexity to us from
year to year at our anniversary meetings, not only since his admission into our society,
but also diverse years before. We hoped when he became one of us, we should have been
instrumental of putting an end to those unhappy jarrs and feuds, but to our great sor-
row, we have found ourselves miserably disappointed, for the contention increased rather
than decreased presently thereupon, and has done so ever since. At our Presbytery last
year, diverse of the people of Woodbridge appeared, some for and others against Mr.
Wade ; and grievous .scandals were charged upon him, against which he made the best
vindication he could, but not so good, but that we thought convenient to advise him to
demit his pastoral relation to the whole people of AYoodbridge, which advice he readily
acquiesced in.
That the place might not be altogether destitute, it was thought expedient to make him
their supply till another could be procured, to the satisfaction of the Presbytery and
people. Mr. Wade, with tears in his eyes and trembling hands, declared he would be
no longer a bone of contention there, which was matter of great rejoicing and satisfac-
tion to us, expecting this would undoubtedly tend to the comfort and quiet of that mis-
erable town ; in which also our hope was frustrated to our great concern and lamentation.
Notwithstanding of such a free resignation of his charge made by him, he no sooner
returned home, but he told the people, with ostentation, that now he was more firmly
fixed in Woodbridge than ever he was before ; and instead of complying with his demis-
sion so solemnly made, and joining with the people to get another minister, as he had
promised to us ; when the town came together to consider of that matter, he declared that
he stood as fair to be voted for as any man, and contended that a vote should be first
past with respect to himself, fallaciously and falsely pretending private instructions from
divers members of the Presbytery so to do ; thereby overturning and misapplying all
that was done at the Presbytery, to the breaking up of the meeting once and again re
iiifecta, and to the further confusion of the town, which constrained the people to send a
messenger to a coram of our number for explication of our letter, which was very plain
of itself. Moreover he had the confidence in his letter to those, not only to claim an
interest in a part of the people still, as his church, but to recant that expression, wherein
he had declared, that he would be no longer a bone of contention, thereby virtually
renouncing his demission he had so formally made ; which recantation, by the best infor-
mation we can get, he hath effectually complied withal, by his continuing^ to be the
miserable bone of contention there. For it plainly appears to us, that it is his industri-
ous endeavour to prevent the happy settlement of that place in another minister, either
by setting up himself again, or keeping up the contention, or both.
We hoped that when Mr. Gillespie came there, (a gentleman recommended with an
excellent character, and of so laudable a carriage,) that he should have been the happy
instrument of uniting that people, especially when his management there was to univer-
sal satisfaction. And it is our opinion it had been so, if Mr. Wade had concurred with
the people in it. But when he returned from Boston with your letter, (which, we doubt
not, was with a sincere intention to promote the good of Woodbridge,) giving encour-
agement concerning one Mr. Wiswall ; the town became divided betwixt jMr. Gillespie
and Mr. AYiswall, which division we fear is too much owing to Mr. Wade, there appear-
ing all likelihooxl of agreement in Mr. Gillespie before, which mistakewe conclude to
flow from misinformation, as youi- last letter to some in Woodbridge intimates.
V.'e being fully persuaded, after serious deliberation and consultation, that so long as
there is any hopes of Mr. Wade's preaching in Woodbridge, these feuds' and animosities
will be endless, have ordained and appointed, in the name and fear of our great Master,
that the said Mr. Wade do no longer exercise his ministerial office at that town of W ood-
bridge, or among the people thereof, unless hereafter allowed by the Presbytery. \\e
were constrained to this appointment, though Mr. Wade were not personally present, as
being the only thing we could propose, and the utmost we could do for the good of poor
AYoodbridge. ,
Now sir, our joint request to you is, that you will use your utmost endeavour tor tne
30 MINUTES OF THE [1713.
Nest Presbytery appointed to be at New Castle, on the third Tuesday of
September, 1713.
1713.
At a Presbytery held at New Castle, which began,
Sqitcmher IbtJi, 1712. Post j^reces sederunt,
Ministers : Messrs. Jedediah Andrews, George McNish, John Henry, James
Anderson.
Mr. James Anderson was chosen Clerk, and Mr. John Henry, Moderator.
re-uniting of that people by persuading tliem and Mr. Wade to lay aside all former resent-
ments and prejudices against one another, and peaceably acquiesce in the settlement of
Mr. Gillespie, if he may be prevailed upon. And in case this proposal should fail, by Mr.
Gillespie's removal, which we very much fear, that they may jointly agree in another
suitable person, whom yourself with our other reverend brethren in Boston shall recom-
mend, or that Trovidence may otherwise provide. We the more earnestly desire the
speedy settlement of that place, upon the advantages that other persuasions take from
those divisions, to make parties among them. And we fear, that in case it be not sooa
done, we shall lose that town, which we look upon as a place of considerable consequence.
Thus having laid before you the miseries of that deplorable town, and the necessity of
its speedy relief, we conclude, recommending you and your holy labours to the blessing
of our glorious Lord, and rest, RcTerend Brother,
Your aifectionate Brethren in Christ. — \_Leiter Book.'\
To Mr. Nathaniel AYade.
Septemler, 1712.
Mr. Wade: — We have had our meeting according to appointment, and were sorry that
your business could not allow your attendance ; your reasons intimated in your letter
were sustained. The continued feuds between you and the people of Woodbridge came
again under consideration, and after mature deliberation, we drew up the following over-
ture, as the determination of the Presbytery concerning yourself, which we here trans-
cribe and send you, expecting your ready compliance therewith. And at the same time
earnestly exhort you, in the name and fear of God, to be so far from countenancing any
diiferences among the people, by being a bone of contention, that you do use your utmost
interest in them for their mutual peace and concord, as becomes a minister of the Prince
of Peace. We account it would be an honourable thing in you that you use your best
endeavours, that the worthy gentleman now among you, Mr. Gillespie, may be retained,
and not discouraged ; and that the people that have hitherto adhered to you, may be
advised thankfully to acquiesce in him. And in case these diflFerences should drive Mr.
Gillespie out of the town, (which we hope no man will dare to maintain for that purpose,)
we expect you will conscientiously, what in you lies, labour with the people that the place
may be settled in the enjoyment of some other suitable person whom Providence shall
provide. In a word, we earnestly recommend to you, that you study the peace and quiet
of the town, that they may become at length, if it can be, happy in the enjoyment of an
established ministry, according to the present desires of the people, that so these quarrels
may not be carried on ad infinitum. — [Letter Book.'\
The Overture is in the book of minutes.
To our Christian Friends at Woodbridge. ..
September, 1712.
Christian Friends and Dearly Beloved : — We have again taken much pains and spent
'much time in deliberating upon the deplorable differences of your town, which have
heretofore cost us so much perplexity and trouble. And after impartial weighing and
considering all circumstances we came to this conclusion, that so long as Mr. Wade does
or may preach in the place, the people will neither agree in him nor in any other. We have,
therefore, in the name and fear of our great Master, ordained and appointed that he do
no longer exercise his ministerial office at your town, or among the people thereof, unless
allowed by the Presbytery hereafter, of which we have given intimation in our letter to
him. We do earnestly exhort and entreat you, in the bowels of our Lord Jesus Christ, that
laying aside all prejudices and animosities among one another, you do study peace, love,
unity, and concord, as you did solemnly engage not long since in a public meeting held
among you. Divine Providence having sent among you so worthy a man as Mr.
1713.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 31
Mr. Robert Lawson, Mr. Daniel Magill, and Mr. George Gillespie, having
applied to this Presbytery for admittance as members thereof, and the Presby-
tery finding, by their ample testimonials, that they have been legally and or-
derly ordained as ministers of the Gospel, and that they have since behaved
themselves as such, did cheerfully and cordially receive them, and so they took
their places.
After which the names of the members being called, there were present,
Ministers : Messrs. Jedediah Andrews, George McNish, John Henry, James
Anderson, Robert Lawson, Daniel Magill, and George Gillespie.
Elders : Messrs. Joseph Yard. Rowlaph Dehaws, James Caldwell, James
Bell, Alexander White.
Absent, JMr. John Hampton, whose letter of excuse was read and sustained.
Mr. Joseph Morgan was likewise absent.
Next sederunt appointed to be at three o'clock, afternoon, and so after
prayer the Presbytery was dismissed,
P. 31. at three o'clock, postpreces sederunt ut supra.
According to appointment of last Presbytery, Mr. Hampton and Mr. Henry
spoke to Mr. Davis concerning his former absence, and being on account of Mr.
Hampton's sickness, necessarily absent, he is for this time excused.
Mr. Bratton, mentioned in last year's minutes, to our great grief deceased,
October 1712.
Mr. Van Vleck bringing certain papers immediately after breaking up of the
Presbytery last year, to clear himself from the crimes charged upon him, as
may more fully appear by a memorandum in the Book of Letters : and there
being an appointment made to examine the validity of these papers, it was
judged by those appointed to inspect into that matter, that he was guilty.
( Vide Book of Letters.) And he being now absent, and nothing yet appearing
for his vindication, it is appointed that his suspension shall continue.®
Gillespie, we cannot but recommend him to your countenance and encouragement, as a
person, by the character he bears, by all information concerning him, Tvorthy of your
acceptance, and in whom wc hope you may be happy, if you can agree. To our lamen-
tation and sorrow we hear that the difl'ereuces among you have produced thoughts in him,
that his abiding there will* make him very uncomfortable. Nevertheless we shall en-
deavour to strengthen his hands and encourage his heart to try a while longer, waiting
for the effect of our renewed essays for peace and quietness among you. And in case
you should be so unhappy as to lose so deserving a man, we justly fear his removal may
prove a vast discouragement to another from venturing among you, which we conclude
all serious Christians will lay to heart. Nevertheless if these contentions should drive
him away, we hope you will still labour to be unanimous in the call and settlement of
another suitable person ; and we shall not be wanting, both by our prayers and other en-
deavours, to promote your happiness in the enjoyment of so great a blessing. And so
recommending you to the grace of God, we remain your cordial well-wishers. —
[Leiler JJook.]
* Memorandum.
That the next day after the Presbytery broke up, Mv. Paulus Van Yleck making his
appearance with some papers to vindicate himself from the crime of bigamy, which all
the members had a sight of, but all of them being just upon departing, except ^Ir. An-
drews, McNish, and Hampton, it was left to these to consider of those papers, which
they did, and thought them not sufficient to clear him from that scandal. There came
also complaints against him for telling lies, concerning some things which he bought of
]Mr. Yauder Gaegh, and said his mother sent them out of Holland. Whereupon these
members gave this as their judgment, that in case he should clear himself froin the im-
putation of bigamy, yet that he should not be allowed to exercise his ministerial office
till he cleared himself from the said charge of lying also.
Further, it being reported there was u letter ut New York from the said Mr. Van Yleck's
^2 MINUTES OF THE [1713.
Mr. George Gillespie having read a call from the people of Whitcclay Creek,
and having delivered a sermon and exegesis, and being examined as to his know-
ledge in the original languages, his skill in philosophy and theology, by Messrs.
Andrews, Anderson, and Morgan, according to the appointment of the Presby-
tery, was approved, and solemnly set apart and ordained, by fasting, prayer,
and imposition of hands, to the office of the sacred ministry, upon the 28th day
of May, 1713.*
Mr. Hampton writ to Mr. John Makie according to appointment.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews deliver his Presbyterial exercise to-morrow, at
eleven o'clock.
Mr. George McNish not having his Presbyterial exercise ready, and excusing
himself on account of sickness for a month past, was blamed for not prepa-
ring of it sooner, and ordered to prepare and deliver the same for the next
Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock.
Die Mercurii, 16<7t day. Post preces sederunt, &c.
The Kev. Mr. Howell Powell having offered himself for admittance as a
member of this Presbytery, the Presbytery was so well satisfied with what
mother, that contradicted these which he produced, Mr. McNish and Hampton being
bound thither, it was left to them to inspect into that affair.
Memorandum Second, October 24, 1712.
Mr. Hampton being returned, makes this report, that they having made inspection
according to order, found a letter from said Van Vleck's mother to his uncle, Jacob Phe-
cix, or his wife, bearing date within three or four days with Van Vleck's letter, and con-
tradictory to his, testifying that then his wife was alive ; and found also, the hands as
they thought, different. Whereupon they were really of opinion, that Mr. Van Vleck
■was guilty of the crime laid to his charge.
PMladelpMay October 25, 1712.
Mr. Andrews and Hampton's letter to the Dutch people.
Christian Friends : — We have thought fit to communicate unto you further our thoughts
concerning your affair with Mr. Van Vleck, which are as followeth : First, concerning
the charge of his having two wives, inquiry has been made at New York as was appoin-
ted by the meeting, and it's found that there's a letter to Mr. Jacob Phenix, much of the
same date with Mr. Van Vleck's, but directly contradictory to it, testifying that his wife was
then alive, neither does it at all appear to be any forgery, but very genuine, the hand
agreeing with former letters of Mr. Van Vleck's mother, who wrote this to Phenix. Nor
does it appear that either Mr. Phenix, or his wife, has any spite or malice against Mr.
Van Vleck at all, so that we are more afraid than ever that he is guilty of that dreadful
sin laid to his charge. And then, as to his foolish and needless lying, which is a very
scandalous sin, that is sufficiently evident. Both which crimes are greatly aggravated
by his drunkenness, besides swearing, and indecent light carriage ; all which, as we do
greatly lament, so we really think in our consciences you are not to encourage such a
person, under such grievous scandals, in the work of the holy ministry among you, but
rather to study and endeavour your supply otherways, by such Christian means as pru-
dence may direct you. And so, bidding you farewell, and wishing you all grace and
truth, we remain yours in the Lord, — \_LeUer Book.'\
* Memorandum,
That on the 28th of May, 1713, Mr. George Gillespie was ordained and set apart to
the ministerial work by ]Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, and Morgan. That he preached a
sermon the day before from Gal. iv. ver. 4th, and part of the 5th, and delivered his exe-
gesis on this question, viz. An Christus j)ro omnibus et sinqulis sit mortuus, discovered his
knowledge in the original tongues, answered to sundry questions on several places
of Scripture and other theological matters ; all which was done to good acceptance. —
\_Letter Book.]
1713.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 33
was offered in his behalf with respect to his ordination, &c. that it was agreed
to admit him as a member, with advice to him to procure further credentials
from some eminent ministers in England known to some of the members of the
Presbytery, within a year's time, and that till then it shall be free to him to
exercise his ministry in all its parts where Providence shall call him, but not
fully to settle as a fixed minister until the expiration of the said time.
Adjourned to three o'clock, afternoon.
P. M.
A call from the people of Monokin and Wicomico to Mr. Robert Law-
son, was presented to the Presbytery by James Caldwell, which being offered
to Mr. Lawson by the moderator, he took it into consideration, with promise
to give the people an answer as soon as the circumstances of his affairs would
allow.
The Presbytery received a letter from the Eev. Mr. Thomas Reynolds,
wherein he obliges himself to advance thirty pounds for the year 1713, to be
disposed of by the Presbytery. Appointed that a letter of thanks be writ to
him by Mr. George McNish, and Mr. Robert Lawson, against the next
sederunt*
Received a letter from Mr. Wotherspoon, with his credentials enclosed,
(which were well approved,) as also a letter from the people of Apoquinimy,
requesting that he may be ordained and settled among them as their minister,
the consideration of which is delayed till to-morrow.
]Mr. Andrews delivered his Presbyterial exercise, which was approved.
London, December 24, 1712.
* ReverenJ and dear Brethren : — Having this opportunity by our good brother, Mr.
Robert Lawson, I could not but signify the concern I have for the interest of our com-
mon Lord in your parts, and let you know, that if it will be of service to support one or
more ministers to spread the gospel in those parts about you, where it may be most
needful, I do, for my own part, engage for the year coming, to advance thirty pounds,
to be paid to any you shall appoint here in London to receive it, upon condition that I
have first some timely advice of it by letter from our Rev. Brother Mr. Lawson, the
bearer hereof. And if in after years I may be in a capacity, I shall do what I can to
serve you. I desire to hear from you as soon as may be, and should be glad to be an
instrument of disappointing any that can encourage no expectation from us. Praying
the Lord abundantly to prosper the great work in your hand, I am, in great sincerity,
your affectionate brother.— [Ze«er Book.'\ THOMAS REYNOLDS.
The Presbytery held at New Castle, September 17, 1713, to the Rev. Mr. Thomas Rey-
nolds, in London.
Reverend Sir : — We received your letter dated December 24, 1712, per the Rev. Mr.
Robert Lawson, and after blessing God that any, especially of your character, regards
us, the skirts of Christ's Church \xx this American wilderness, we applaud your generous
and public spirit, and make a return of our hearty and best wishes with the utmost
gratitude, and so much the more, that though we have often addressed several of the
reverend ministers of London, you are the first and only one who hath taken notice of
us by letter.
Sir, your seasonable bounty for the relief of some weak congregations, unable of
themselves to subsist at present in maintaining their own ministers, makes the conduct
of Divine Providence the more remarkable unto us.
We shall be faitliful in a just application of the same according to your direction.
Dear sir, give us leave humbly to request the continuance of your concern for us, and
the interest of Christ in these parts ; and moreover that you use your interest, which we
know to be great, with others for engaging their Christian liberality in order to aid ne-
cessitous places ; want of sujiport to ministers, in many corners, being a mighty bar to
the spreading of the gospel.
Our Rev. ]>rother. Mr. Robert Lawson, will advise how the money you so kindly
promise, shall be disposed of. We humbly aalutc, lic. and pray, Si,^.—lLeUer Book.]
5
34 MINUTES OF THE [1714.
A letter from the people of Cohanzy, desiring advice about the choice of a
minister, being presented to the Presbytery by Mr. Ephraim Sayre, it was
agreed, in answer to the said letter, that our Rev. Brother, Mr. Howell Powell,
do officiate as minister of the gospel among them till the nest Presbytery or at
his discretion.
Adjourned till to-morrow, eight o'clock.
17 day, Die Jovis, at eight 6'cloch.
The business of Mr. Wotherspoon and the people of Apoquinimy came again
into consideration, upon which the Presbytery appointed as follows. That Mas-
ters Andrews, Anderson, Powell, Jones, and Gillespie, do manage in the affair
between Mr. Wothei-spoon and the people of Apoquinimy, that after a formal
call presented before them by the said people of Apoquinimy, they, at their own
discretion, appoint the said Mr. Wotherspoon to pass his trials before them, and
that if they shall be fully satisfied as to his qualifications, they proceed to his
ordination, and settlement among that people.
Appointed, That Mr. Andrews write a letter to Mr. Wotherspoon, and bring
it in the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
P. M.
Mr. Andrews writ the letter to Mr. Wotherspoon according to appointment,
and it was approved.
Mr. McNish, Lawson, and Henry, writ an answer to Mr. Reynold's letter,
which was approved. (See preceding note.)
Upon the desire of the people of Welsh Tract, it was ordered, that Mr. David
Evans reside and preach amongst them till the next Presbytery.
Inquiry was made, according to a former appointment, of ministers and the
people's representatives, concerning the mutual affairs between ministers and
people, in their respective congregations.
Mr. Gillespie ordered to write a letter to the Synod of Glasgow.*
Ordered, That Masters McNish, McGill, Henry, and Gillespie, apply the
thirty pounds promised to this Presbytery by the Rev. Thomas Reynolds, of
London, to what members of the Presbytery they think fit.
Ordered, That Mr. Wotherspoon have a Presbyterial Exercise the next Pres-
bytery upon Heb. i. 13.
The next Presbytery appointed to be held at Philadelphia on the fixst Tues-
day of September, 1714.
1714.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia, which began
Septemher 7 th, 1714.
Where were present :
Ministers : Mr. John Hampton, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. James Ander-
son, Mr. Daniel McGill, Mr. George Gillespie, Mr. Howell Powell, Mr. Robert
Wotherspoon.
Elders : Samuel Hopkins, Joseph Yard, Alexander Real, Hugh Porter, Hans
Hanson, Joseph Sealy, John Gardner, Segfrigus Alricks.
Mr. Andrews was chosen moderator, and Mr. Anderson clerk.
Mr. Morgan's reasons for his absence last year, as also this year, were sus-
tained.
Mr. Davis, Henry, and McNish, absent.
* Memorandum.
That Mr. George Gillespie writ the letter to the Synod of Glasgow as was appointed.
—^Letter iioo/c]
1714.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 35
The aiFair of Mr. Van Vleck's suspension continued for further consideration
and inquiry, until next sederunt.
The alFair of Mr. McNish's absence and preaching referred, to be considered
at next sederunt.
The affair of Mr. Howell Powell referred, to be considered at the next
sederunt.
The minutes relating to Mr. Robert Lawson's call to Monokin, contained in
the last year's proceedings, being read, it was found that he departed this life
November last year.
It was reported by the ministers appointed to transact the affair relating to
Mr. Wotherspoon's ordination, that they in compliance with the last year's
minutes, did solemnly by prayer, festing, and imposition of hands, ordain the
said Mr. liobert Wotherspoon, unto the sacred function and oiS.ce of the
ministry, to the Presbyterian congregation at Apoquinimy, upon the 13th day
of May, 1714.*
There has been no answer as yet from the Rev. Mr. Reynolds, concerning a
letter writ last year by this Presbytery to him.
Mr. David Evans obeyed his appointment with respect to his residing and
preaching at Welsh-Tract.
Mr. Robert Wotherspoon having not provided his Presbyterial exercise ac-
cording to appointment ; it was ordered that he should provide it against next
year's meeting, and that he preach a sermon upon Thursday next, here ; and
that the moderator should Presbyterially admonish him to be more careful for
time coming, which accordingly was done.
The condition of several desolate places being represented by some members,
the consideration of it was referred to the next sederunt.
After which the Presbytery was adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine
o'clock.
Wednesdai/f 7br. StJi, at 9 d'chcTi;, Ante M. sederunt ut supra.
The last minutes came to be read.
The affair of Mr. Van Vleck was referred till to-morrow.
Mr. McNish's affair also continued.
The Presbytery having considered that their brother, Mr. Powell, had used
diligence to procure further credentials, according to the last year's minutes,
but not having as yet received answers from England, and we being further
satisfied by so long trial and personal acquaintance, together with other conside-
rable circumstances, and now an unanimous call being presented to us for him,
from the people of Cohanzy, the Presbytery, after mature deliberation, did sus-
tain the call, but withal, recommended to him as formerly, that he procure let-
ters from England «< supra.
Appointed that Mr. Hampton and Mr. McGill write a letter to Mr. Thomas
Reynolds against to-morrow afternoon.
The Presbytery taking into consideration the desolate condition of the people
in Kent County, have appointed our brother, Mr. James Anderson, that he
* Memorandum.
It being appointed the last Presbytery, that the ordination of Mr. Robert Wother-
Bpoon, should be left to the discretion of diverse ministers who are named in the minutes ;
the said members having heard him preach a popular sermon on Heb. vi. I'J; received
his exegesis on a question de sanctorum perseverantia, taken on account of liis skill m the
original languages, and likewise his attainments and orthodoxy in theological matters, to
their satisfa'ctiou, did on the loth day of May, 1714, set apart the said Mr. Wotherspoou
uato the work of the ministry.
36 MINUTES OF THE [1714.
supply them with preaching, &c., one Sabbath in the month till the next Pres-
bytery, and that there be a letter accordingly writ to them by the moderator,
signifying the Presbytery's concern with relation to them, and that it be brought
in to-morrow.
Afterwards adjourned till 3 o'clock afternoon.
Post Meridiemj 3 d clock, sede7'unt ut supra.
The call from the people of Cohanzy being read and presented to Mr. Howell
Powell by the moderator, was by him accepted ; whereupon the Presbytery
appointed Mr. Jedediah Andrews to preach his admission sermon, at the time
that shall be agreed upon betwixt the people and him.
The Presbytery taking into consideration the desolate condition, and also the
desire of the people at Cedar Creek, have, in order to their being supplied as
much as at this juncture can be, appointed as follows : that Mr. George Gilles-
pie preach there the third Sabbath of October, Mr. Wotherspoon the third
Sabbath of November ; and if Mr. Anderson can, he is desired to go upon the
third Sabbath of March ; as also Mr. Hampton on the third Sabbath of June ;
Mr. Evans is appointed to go the third Sabbath of April ; and Mr. Bradncr the
third Sabbath of May ; and Mr. John Henry on the third Sabbath of July.
And it is appointed that Mr. Davis preach the third Sabbath of February, and
that he preach there at other times as often as he can.
An unanimous call from the people of Welsh Tract to Mr. David Evans,
being presented to us and approven, we offered it to him, which he accepted ;
whereupon it was appointed as follows, viz :
That JMessrs. Jedediah Andrews, Jones, Anderson, Gillespie, and Wother-
spoon, solemnly ordain him to the work and office of the ministry, after having
been satisfied with his ministerial abilities, in any pieces of trial they shall
think fit to appoint him.
The supplication of the people of Cape May, with respect to Mr. John Brad-
ner, preacher, being presented by David Wells, in the name of the rest of that
people, was read, and the further consideration of that aflair was referred until
the next sederunt.
Adjourned till to-morrow, 9 o'clock.
Die Jovis at 9 dcloch, sederunt ut supra.
The letter of the moderator to the people of Kent County, was read and
approven.
This day Mr. Davis and Henry came, and the reason of their absence until
this time was sustained.
It is reported that Mr. Samuel Davis, Mr. Hampton, and Mr. Henry, having
upon good and sufficient reasons taken Mr. John Bradner under trials in order
to his being licenced to preach the gospel, and having gone through the ordi-
nary pieces of trial, and being satisfied with him therein, as also with respect
to the orthodoxy of his faith, did license him accordingly in March last ; which
was approven.
The petition and call from the people of Cape May, with respect to Mr.
Bradner, being now considered, and he having accepted of their call and peti-
tion, it is appointed that Messrs. Davis, Andrews, Anderson, Powell, and
Wotherspoon, take the said Mr. Bradner under trials in order to his being or-
dained in that place, and that they proceed in the aforesaidaffair as they shall
see fit.
Adjourned till 8 o'clock; afternoon.
1714.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 37
P. M. 3 d clock, sederunt ut supra.
The letter appointed to be writ to Mr. Reynolds by Mr. Hampton and McGill,
was read and appro ven.*
The Rev. Mr. Malachi Jones, having offered himself to be a member of this
Presbytery, the Presbytery taking his affair into consideration, and being very
well satisfied as to his ordination and other qualifications, did heartily accept
of his offer, and accordingly admitted him.
There being diverse people in the Great Valley with whom Mr. David Evans
has been concerned, it was queried whether said people should be looked upon
as a part of the church and congregation of the AVelsh-Tract, or a distinct body
by themselves, and it was carried by the Presbytery that they be esteemed a
distinct society.
Inquiry was made according to a former appointment, of the ministers and
the people's representatives, concerning their mutual affairs, betwixt ministers
and people in their respective congregations.
Mr. McNish his Presbyterial exercise is appointed to be delivered the next
year, the reason of his absence now not being known to the Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow, 7 o'clock.
At 7 dcloch, A. 31. sederunt ut supra.
For the better establishing and settling congregations, it is ordered and ap-
pointed that in every congregation there be a sufficient number of assistants
chosen, to aid the minister in the management of congregational affairs, and
that there be a book of records for that effect, and that the same be annually
brought here to be revised by the Presbytery.
The business of Mr. Paul Van Vleck being come again under consideration,
it is determined that the censure of suspension which he already lies under
should continue ; and that Mr. Andrews and Mr. McNish make further in-
• To Mr. Thomas Reynolds, Minister in London.
7 hr. \Olh, 1714.
Reverend Sir : — We hope that you've received our former letter, in which, according to
duty, -we did return you our hearty thanks for that Christian and charitable spirit which
had discovered itself in you, and your zeal in order to the support of the gospel among
us ; and at the same time we intimated to you how we had applied, in the most charita-
ble manner, that money which you had dedicated to the support of God's works in these
parts, namely, ten pounds sterling for Philadelphia, ten for New Castle, and ten for our
dear and now deceased brother, Mr. Robert Lawson. As also we earnestly intimated tho
continuance of the same favour for the same purposes. But neither we nor the gentle-
men concerned have received, as yet, any answer from you. If it shall suit with your
pleasure and convenience, to continue the same favour, as your former was applied ac-
cording to our disposal, dear brother, there is the same prospect of advancing God's
work in these parts of the world, several applications being made to us for supply ; but
we being so few in number, places being so far distant, and we having no ministers
among us but pastors of congregations, and not being in a capacity to maintain any
itinerant preachers, who might be helpful in order to the propagation of the gospel ; we
must with great concern intimate unto you, that notwithstanding of all that possibly we
can do, the work of the Lord must suffer. We hope you will consider and improve what
we have narrated concerning our present circumstances, and shall expect to hear from
you the first opportunity, which shall be very gratifying to, Reverend Sir, your fellow
labourers in the work of the gospel of Christ.
P. S. Dear Sir : — We judge it worthy of your consideration, that in the province of
Pennsylvania and territories, and also in the Jerseys, there is no conformable ministry
according to the Church of England established, and therefore you may easily perceive
that this is the proper season for advancing the gospel in the truth and purity, lours,
ut supra.
P. S. 2d. Mr. McNish, per order from us, wrote you upon the premises last fall.—
[^Letter Book.'\
38 MINUTES OF THE [1715.
quiry concerning his circumstances and condition, by writing to Holland or
otherwise, and make report the next Presbytery.
The reasons of Mr. McNish his absence until this sederunt, were heard and
sustained.
Mr. Samuel Davis having not delivered his Presbyterial exercise formerly
appointed him on Heb. i. 4, it is ordered that he have it next year.
The place appointed for the next Presbytery is New Castle, and to be held
on the third Tuesday of September, in the year 1715.
And so afterwards the Presbytery was dissolved.
1715.
At a Presbytery held at New Castle,
ScjJtemher 2Qth, 1715.
Ministers present : Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. G-eorge McNish, Mr. John
Hampton, Mr. James Anderson, Mr. Daniel McGill, Mr. Howell Powell, Mr.
G-eorge Clillespie, Mr. llobert Wotherspoon, Mr. Malachi Jones, Mr. David
Evans, Mr. John Bradner.
Elders present: Nathaniel Hopkins, Joseph Yard, Sylvester Garland, William
Scott, James Alexander, Ephraim Sayer, Thomas Heywood, John Parsons,
Evan Rowland.
Mr. Hampton was chosen moderator, and Mr. Evans clerk.
Ordered, That the last years' minutes be read over.
Messrs. Davis, Henry, and Morgan, were absent.
Mr. Wotherspoon delivered his Presbyterial exercise according to appoint-
ment, and it was approved of.
It being appointed by the last Presbytery, that Mr. Howell Powell should
get further credentials from England, the Presbytery is now satisfied in that
matter.
Our brother, Mr. Anderson, hath supplied the people of Kent County ac-
cording to appointment.
Mr. Andrews preached Mr. Powell's admission sermon the fifteenth day of
October last, according to appointment.
The supplies that were appointed for the people of Cedar Creek by the last
Presbytery, were complied with.
The ministers appointed last year to ordain Mr. David Evans, did upon the
third day of November last, by fasting, prayer, and imposition of hands, sol-
emnly set him apart to the work of the ministry among the people of Welsh
Tract, having been satisfied with his ministerial qualifications.*
The Rev. Mr. Andrews, Powell, and Evans, with the approbation of the
other ministers mentioned in the last year's minutes, having taken an account
of Mr. John Braduer's ministerial qualifications to their satisfaction, did upon
the 6th day of May last, by fasting, prayer, and imposition of hands, solemnly
set apart the said Mr. Bradner to the work of the ministry among the people
of Cape May.f
* Memorandutn.
It being appointed the last Presbytery, that the ordination of Mr. David Evans should
be left to the discretion of diverse ministers mentioned in the minutes ; the said mem-
bers having heard him preach a popular sermon on Romans iii, 31, received his exegesis
on a question de necessitate specialis Spiritus Sancti operationis ad conversioncm, taken aa
account of his sliill in the original languages, and likewise of his attainments and ortho-
doxy in theological matters, to their satisfaction, did on the third day of November,
1714, ordain the said Mr. Evans to the work of the ministry. — [^Letter Book. J
f Memorandum.
It being appointed the last Presbytery that the ordination of Mr. John Bradner should
be left to the discretion and management of sundi-y ministers mentioned iu the book of
1715.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 39
The affair of Mr. Reynolds his letter referred to the next sedcnint.
The inquiry about matters between ministers and people, and session-books,
referred till afterwards.
The affair of Mr. Van Vleck referred to next sederunt.
Adjourned till to-morrow, eight o'clock.
21 dai/, Wednesday, scssione 2da. sederunt ut supra.
\ The minute concerning Mr, Reynolds his affair, continued till the next
sederunt.
Mr. Van Vleck's affiiir also continued till the next sederunt.
Mr. James Grordon having presented a call from the people of Baltimore
county, in Maryland, unto Mr. Hugh Conn, the Presbytery called for, considered,
and approved the said Mr. Conn's credentials as a preacher of the gospel, and
likewise considered and approved the call, which being presented by the mode-
rator unto the said Mr. Conn, he accepted of it, whereupon it was appointed
that Mr. McGill, Anderson, Grillespie, Wotherspoon, and Evans, after being
satisfied with his ministerial abilities, should solemnly by prayer, fasting, and
imposition of hands, ordain him unto the work of the ministry among the
abovesaid people, the third Thursday of October next.
Mr. Philip Ringo having presented a call from the people of Maidenhead and
Hopewell, in West Jersey, unto Mr. Robert Orr, the Presbytery called for, con-
sidered of, and approved the said Mr. Orr his credentials as a pi-eachcr of the
gospel, and likewise considered of, and approved the call, which being presented
by the moderator unto the said Mr. Orr, he accepted of it, whereupon it was
appointed that Mr. Andrews, Powell, McNish, Jones, and Morgan, after having
been satisfied with the said Mr. Orr his ministerial abilities, should solemnly
ordain him by fasting, prayer, and imposition of hands, unto the work of the
ministry among the said people of Hopewell and Maidenhead, on the third
Wednesday of October next.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
Post Meridiem, three o'clock. Postpreces sederunt ut supra.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews and Mr. McGill write to the Rev. Mr. Thomas
Reynolds, of London, to maintain the correspondence that hath been between
the Presbytery and him.*
minutes; two of the said number, viz: Mr. Andrews and Mr. Powell, in conjunction
with Mr. David Evans, and with the approbation of the rest of the ministers concerned,
went to Cape May on that errand. And they having heard the said Mr. Bradner preach
a popular sermon from Phil. ii. 12, 13, received his exegesis, De materia Juslificationis,
taken an account of his skill in the original tongues, and also of his attainments and
orthodoxy in Divinity to their satisfaction, did on the sixth day of May, 1715, ordain the
said Mr. Bradner to the work of the ministry.
Mr. Andrews preached the admission sermon of Mr. Powell at Cohanzy. — \_LeUer Book.'\
* To Mr. Thomas Reynolds, in London,
September 2-3, 1715.
Reverend Sir : — We thought fit at this our anniversary, (as we did likewise last year,)
to transmit a few lines expressive of our desire, that a correspondence, which you were
pleased to begin by your kind letter the year before last, may be continued and strength-
ened, and as a testification of our thankfulness that a person of your character, (when
so many have, to our frequent disappointment neglected us,) should not only refresh us
with your letter, but also show your Christian desire for the success of the gospel ia
these parts, by a generous offer of your help for its support, which to our satisfaction we
40 MINUTES OF THE [1715.
Mr. Andrews and Mr. McNish made report concerning Van Vleck, that he
is run out of the country, and that they, having writ to Holland according to
appointment, had not yet received any answer.
Mr. McNish delivered his Presbyterial exercise, and was approven.
Mr. Samuel Gelston presented credentials of his being licensed to preach the
gospel, which were considered and approved, and he was appointed to preach
the next day.
A letter being presented by Mr. McNish from Mr. John Thomson, proba-
tioner, lately come into the country, desiring the advice and assistance of the
Presbytery, it was ordered that Mr. Powell write a letter to him in answer
to his.
Adjourned till eight o'clock next day.
22 dai/. Thursday/, eight o^clock, sederunt ut supra.
Mr. Powell writ the letter to Mr. Thomson according to appointment, and it
was approved.
Mr. Davis his letter was read, and the reasons for his and Mr. Henry's ab-
sence were considered and sustained.
A motion being made by the people of Lewistown concerning their being sup-
plied with another minister besides Mr. Davis, the Presbytery taking into con-
sideration the state of that people, and their said desire to have a minister to
officiate statedly among them, and that Mr. Davis has had no pastoral relation
in particular to that people ; and considering also, that the present condition
and posture of Mr. Davis his affairs will not allow of his being a fixed, stated
pastor to the said people, and the said Davis his willingness that there may be
a minister provided, (as some of our members have signified to us,) the Pres-
bytery doth, therefore, appoint that Mr. Andrews, Hampton, and Anderson,
write to Mr. Davis, and the people of Lewis, signifying that the Presbytery
approves their desire, and will take care to have them supplied with a miuister
as soon as they can.
Ordered, That Mr. Andrews, McNish, and Gillespie, write a letter to the
people of Patuxent, in relation to the present posture of their affairs there.
Inquiry was made concerning the respective afiairs between ministers and
their congregations, as usual.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
hear has been complied withal. And it's no small comfort to us, that Mr. Hugh Conn
gives information of your ■willingness to continue your bounty for the use abovesaid,
■which as it would be very acceptable, so it's no less necessary than heretofore. As we
accept your Christian bounty in good part, and value it as a mark of oui' common Lord's
goodness and care to the support of his servants in narrow circumstances among us, so
we crave leave to beg your pious concern for our common interest, in moving j-our pub-
lic spirited friends to go into the same good design for supporting our ministers, (that is,
those among us, who without some help besides what their own poor congregations are
able to give, are straitened.) by some annual gratuity. And we can truly assure you,
that your former kindness was applied, as near as wo could apprehend, according to your
intention in bestowing it. The reason of our expressing ourselves after this manner, is
from an information as though you had some particular regard to the Jersies, which, as
we were altogether unsensible of, so we are well satisfied, if there were any such thing,
it proceeded from your not being fully acquainted with the condition of these provinces.
We are much concerned that we received no return in answer to our last, though we have
ground to think that it's not from your forgetfulness of us, but the miscarriage of your
letters, Mr. Conn having acquainted us that he had letters for some of us, and left them
for conveyance, but they are not yet arrived, and we fear are now quite lost, which
makes us the more desirous of hearing from you by the first opportunity, We salute
you heartily in the Lord, &c. — {Letter Book.]
1715.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 41
P. M.
Mr. Andrews, Hampton, and Anderson, -writ the letter to Mr. Davis and the
people of Lewis, and it was approved.*
In pursuance of an act made last Presbytery appointing every minister to
appoint assistants and session books, &c. and in regard diverse of the ministers
have not complied with the designs of said act, it was therefore ordered, that
the several ministers come with said books, and perform the other end of the
said act as it is specified therein.
Adjourned till eight o'clock the next day.
2^ day. Die Veneris, post preces, sederunt ut supra.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Pumry, minister at Newtown, on Long Island, offered
himself to be a member of this Presbytery, and was heartily and unanimously
accepted, he promising subjection to the Presbytery, in the Lord.
The Presbytery taking into consideration that the people of Woodbridge
have not the sealing ordinances administered among them, from hearty concern
for that people, (who have been their care formerly,) did appoint Mr. Andrews
to write pressingly to the said people, that they use utmost diligence to have a
minister ordained to labour and officiate statedly among them, that the great
want they are in of the ordinances may be speedily supplied.
It is appointed that Mr. Andrews write to Mr. Pierson to the effect above-
said, and report to the next Presbytery.
The Presbytery taking into their consideration the desolate condition of the
people of Kent county, and their desire to be supplied, appointed Mr. Samuel
Gelston to supply them upon trial, with the advice of the neighbouring min-
isters.
The letter to the people of Patuxent was read and approved. f
* To Mr. Davis, and others, at Lewis.
September 22, 1715,
Dear Brother Davis, and Christian friends at Lewis: — Having taken iuto our serious
consideration the present condition with respect to a better establishment of the gospel
in your parts, we came to the following determinations ; that there never having yet been
a pastoral relation betwixt you, nor likely to be, according to our best apprehension, we
Lave judged it best for the glory of God, and your future comforts, to leave you each to
your choice, to provide yourselves as you can for your spiritual interests, and the in-
crease of Christ's kingdom. Not doubting but in the mean time you will maintain a
Christian correspondence, and be mutually as comfortable to one another as your cir-
cumstances will allow ; our Brother Davis by preaching, when at home, and until
another supply be found, and our Christian friends by thankfully acknowledging the
same. And as to a settled ministry, there is one Mr. Thompson now arrived at York,
•with his wife and family, concerning whom Mr. McNish will, in a little time, give you
further advice. And in case this should fail, we recommend you to your neighbouring
ministers for advice. Recommending you to the Lord, and the word of his grace, we
remain yours, &c. — [Letter Book.]
f To our Christian Friends at (Patuxent or) Marlborough, Maryland,
September, 1715.
Christian Friends : — Among other valuable friends who justly demand our concern for
their best interests, we were very willing to reracmber you, and the weighty matters
that belong to our common Lord and Saviour in your congregation. We cannot but
represent it to you, as a thing which ourselves have had much comfort in hearing from
our brother and your reverend pastor, that when, (as is our practice,) he was interro-
gate touching the manner of his people's deportment towards him in his pastoral olfice,
he made his answer wholly to their advantage, and with a pleasing earnestness to com-
mend them, as made it apparent to us he had good cause for what he spoke. Notwith-
standing we cannot but signify to our good friends, how sensibly some things among
you afi'ect us. The love we bear to our common Lord's interest among you gives us
6
42 MINUTES OF THE [1716.
Appointed, That Mr. Gillespie and Mr. IMcGill preacli the Presbyterial ex-
ercises next year. Mr. Gillespie from ver. 14, of Heb. i., and Mr. McGill
from Heb. ii. ver. 1.
It is appointed that it be recommended to all and every member of this Pres-
bytery, that betwixt this and our next meeting they may think of, and prepare,
what they may judge most necessary to be presented to our Presbytery for the
common or particular good of all or any of us.
Appointed, That the next Presbytery be held at Philadelphia upon the third
Tuesday of September, 1716.
1716.
At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia,
tSeptemher IStTi, 1716. Post preces sederunt
Mr. Hampton moderator, Mr. Andrews, Mr. McNish, Mr. John Henry, Mr.
James Anderson, Mr. George Gillespie, Mr. Pumry, Mr. Orr, ministers.
John Dredden, David Giffin, John Steel, Enoch Anderson, elders.
Absent ministers, Masters McGill, Powell, Bradner, Jones, Conn, Wother-
spoon, Evans, Morgan, and Davis, and their elders.
Mr. McNish was chosen moderator, and Mr. Anderson clerk.
Mr. Edraundson being present as a representative of the congregation of Pa-
tuxent, and their minister absent, it was put to the vote, whether the said Mr.
Edmundson should act here as a representative notwithstanding the minister's
absence, and carried in the affirmative, nemme contradicente.
The last year's minutes were ordered to be read.
Mr. Morgan's absence the last and this year referred to the next sedcruntj to
be considered.
great uneasiness at hearing any of Satan's devices tlireatening your gospel peace, and
the mutual love the followers of Christ are strictly bound to cultivate among themselves.
We pray the God of all grace to recover what of the sweet fruits of this is lost, or ia
danger to be lost among you, and that you may be one in the Lord, and one among
yourselves in the spirit of true holiness, meekness, truth, love, and mutual forbearance.
If these things be your study, who can doubt but the Lord will make them your happy
attainment ? We recommend to you, and expect your ready compliance with, a few pro-
posals, which we hope will be taken with the same loving mind as they are written, ami
it is in your power to make them helpful to your present condition. We heartily re-
commend it you, that you watch against all attempts of Satan to infringe your Christian
harmony and union, which is your beauty and strength. Now God has given you an
uncommon season, and advantage for bearing testimony to his interest among you, how
much you love him and it ; if there are temptations in your way, to maintain union, the
blessings will be so great and universal that you cannot over-do in all Christian methods
to preserve it. Herein appear for God, and for the house of God, which ye know is not
divided against itself, neither should the children of the same God against one another.
Satan's policy and malice has appeared in his attempts to divide you, but it will no less
show you are the children of the God of peace and love, when you break through his
snares to maintain your union, and concentre in gospel peace and love among yourselves.
Particularly we recommend to you that with firmness and godly resolution you oppose
yourselves to all dividing measures. AVe apprehend that the disproportion between the
number of your elders and deacons, may occasion some uneasiness in your session, but
hope you will find it no hard matter to prevent any ill consequence in this. We need
only represent unto you the ends and institution of Scripture deacons, and that there is
no juridical power allowed them in the Scripture. We recommend earnestly to you a
Christian i-egard to our worthy brother your pastor, and that you encourage, honour,
and obey him in the Lord, that his labours, as they are for his people, so they may turn
to your and his account in the day of the Lord. Lastly, we expect your acquiesence in
our last year's act, touching sessions and session books, which we presume you know to
be agreeable to the laudable practice of the best reformed churches. This letter has
been judged needful, according to the representation made us by your messenger, Mr.
Scott. Thus recommeuding you to glorious grace, we rest, &c. — [^Letter Book.']
1716.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 43
The appointment with respect to Mr. Con's ordination was fulfilled, and Mr.
Wotherspoon and Mr. Evans being absent, the inquiry into the reasons thereof
was referred till next sederunt.
Mr. Orr was ordained at Maidenhead, according to appointment, only Mas-
ters McNish, Jones, and Powell were absent, the reasons whereof were heard
and sustained; and in the room of those, three other ministers assisted.*
A letter from the people of Patuxent being read, the further consideration
thereof referred till another sederunt.
After the reading of Mr. Andrews his letters, which by the last Presbytery
he was appointed to write to the people of Woodbridge and Mr. Pierson, the
Presbytery were well satisfied with them both.
A letter from Mr. Pierson to be communicated to the Presbytery in answer
to the letter sent to him by Mr. Andrews was read, and the fuller considera-
tion of it referred till next sederunt.
Mr. Gelston's supply of Kent county, the consideration of it referred till
afterwards.
The appointment made last year about bringing in overtures to the next
Presbytery referred till afterwards.
Adjourned till to-morrow at eight o'clock.
Wednesday, eight o' cloclc, post preces sederunt, &c.
Yesterday's minutes ordered to be read.
Mr. McNish's reasons for not bringing an elder or representative with him,
were heard and sustained.
Mr. Henry's representative of the congregation being absent, and his reasons
for not coming being inquired into, he said the present condition of his people
made it necessary that there should be a particular collection made by the con-
gregation for defraying the charges of the representative to the Presbytery, and
it was allowed that there should.
The reasons of Mr. Pumry's elder's absence were inquired into and sus-
tained.
Mr. IMcGill's absence excused on account of his sickness.
Mr. Jones being absent yesterday, did this day give the reasons of his ab-
sence, which were sustained.
Mr. Wotherspoon's reasons of his absence this Presbytery, given by letter,
were sustained.
Mr. Evans his absence yesterday being inquired into, he acknowledged he
was blamable for not coming sooner.
Mr. Morgan's absence this and several years by-past being inquired into, it
was resolved, that a letter should be writ, informing him that if he comes not,
nor sends sufficient reasons against next year, we shall take it for granted that
he has altogether deserted us. The letter to be writ by Mr. Andrews.
Adjourned till after sermon.
After s€7"mon, sederunt, &c.
Mr. Gillespie's Presbyterial exercise was animadverted upon and ap-
proved.
* Memorandum. '
Mr. Robert Orr having performed those points of trial assigned him to satisfaction,
namely, preached a popular sermon from James ii. 2-i, and given an exegesis on that
question, An foedus circumcisione signatum, a foedere Evangclico essentialitcr differat ?
and also answered to various interlocutory questions touching theological matters, and
given a specimen of his attainments in other parts of learning to good approbation, he
the said Mr. Orr, was, on the 2Uth day of October, 1715, solemnly set apart to the work
of the ministry, by Masters Andrews, Morgan, Dickinson, Evans, and Bradner, at Maid-
enhead, before a nvunerous assembly. — [^Letter Book.}
44 MINUTES OF THE [1716.
The reasons of Mr. Wotberspoon's absence from Mr. Con's ordination and
tbis Presbytery, were by letter given and sustained.
Mr. Evans bis absence from Mr. Con's ordination, was ill taken by the Pres-
bytery.
The letter from the people of Patuxent, in answer to one from us last year,
was read the second time to our great satisfaction.
The consideration of Mr. Pierson's letter, referred till we hear from the peo-
ple of Woodbridge.
The Presbytery having taken into their serious consideration the affair of
Mr. Gelston, in relation to the people of Kent, have found ground to, and did
censure his not going back to the people of Kent, according to his promise to
them. As for all his other conduct among that people, they themselves in
their letter to us commend him.
Adjourned till to-morrow 9 o'clock, in the morning.
Thursday, at 9 ddoch, sederunt, &c.
The affair of Kent being taken into the Presbyteries consideration, from a
Christian sense of the want of the ordinances among them, at present have,
for their encouragement, appointed Mr. Davis, Gillespie, Wotherspoon, and
Evans, to preach in the county of Kent each once betwixt this and the next
Presbytery ; that is to say Mr. Gillespie on the third Sabbath of October, Mr.
Wotherspoon the third Sabbath of April, Mr. Davis the third Sabbath of June,
Mr. Evans the third Sabbath of May. And it is likewise ordered, that Mr.
Anderson do preach to the said people of Kent once in every month till the
next Presbytery, provided he find suitable encouragement. Appointed also,
that a letter be writ to the people of Cedar-Creek and Kent in answer to theirs,
by Mr. Andrews and Mr. Hampton.
A call from the people of South-Hampton, on Long-Island, to Mr. Gelston,
wherein the said people do subject themselves to us in the Lord, as a Presby-
tery, being presented to us in the name of their representatives, we did tender
it to the said Mr. Gelston, and he accepted it. Upon which the Presbytery,
understanding that our brethren. Masters 3IcNish and Pumry had prescribed
him a popular sermon on John xiv. 6, and an exegesis, De Uhcro arhitrio, to be
delivered this Presbytery, if the Presbytery thought fit, as a pare of trial
in order to ordination, did appoint him to deliver the popular sermon to-
morrow.
The business of bringing in overtures to the Presbytery, referred to another
sederunt.
A call from the people in and about Lewis-Town, to Mr. John Thomson,
being by William Shankland, commissioner from the said people, laid before
us and read, and he being himself absent by reason of sickness ; but having in
a letter to us signified his willingness to submit to what the Presbytery should
think expedient for that people and his own good, did appoint that the said call
be tendered to Mr. Thomson by Mr. Hampton, and upon his acceptance, the
Presbytery does appoint Masters Davis, Hampton, Henry, Wotherspoon, An-
derson, Gillespie, Evans, and Bradner, to take his trials, and upon their satis-
faction to proceed to ordination upon the first Wednesday of April next ; and
that the ordination sermon be preached by Mr. Henry, or in his absence by
Mr. Hampton.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock.
At 3 ddoch, sederunt ut supra.
Mr. Powell's absence sustained on account of his sickness, which he signi-
fied to us by his letter.
1716.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 45
The affair of Woodbridge coming into consideration, the Presbytery ordered
that Mr. McNish and Mr. Pumry should fully discourse Mr. Pierson and the
people there, concerning the causes of his non-ordination among them, and to
do their best for removing any obstacle that may at present hinder his ordina-
tion J and if the Divine Providence shall thereby happily remove all obstruc-
tions, that then Mr. McNish and Mr. Pumry shall represent the same unto Mr.
Andrews and other neighbouring ministers of the Presbytery ; and the Pres-
bytery does appoint, that in case all the said obstructions be fairly removed,
upon the request of the people, with the concurrence of Mr. Pierson, that then
the said people do apply to Mr. Andrews, Mr. Jones, Mr. Orr, Mr. Pumry,
Mr. Powell, and Mr. Bradner, for the ordination of the said Mr. Pierson
among them, and that they ordain him, as they shall upon trial find satisfaction,
and do appoint that the ordination sermon be preached by Mr. Andrews or Mr.
Powell, as they shall agree.
Inquiry was made according to a former appointment of the ministers and
the people's representatives, concerning tieir mutual affairs betwixt ministers
and people in their respective congregations.
Adjourned till half an hour after eight in the morning.
Die Veneris at lialf an Jiour after eight d'cloch, sederunt ut supra.
A letter from Mr. Davis came this day to us, wherein he gave reasons for his
absence at this Presbytery, which were sustained.
This day a letter from the people of "Woodbridge was read and considered.
The Presbytery are very well satisfied with the proposals made to Mr. Pier-
son for his settlement among them, and do judge if Mr. Pierson make any
other or higher demands upon that people, his demands shall be accounted
unreasonable, and the people are not to be blamed for refusing them. And
in that case it is recommended to the people, that they look out for another
minister.*
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
At 3 o^clocTc, sederunt ut supra.
]Mr. Gelston's popular sermon was delivered, and after remarks thereupon, it
was put to the vote, whether it should be accepted of as a part of his trials for
ordination, which was carried in the affirmative.
It having pleased Divine Providence so to increase our number, as that, after
much deliberation, we judge it may be more serviceable to the interest of reli-
gion, to divide ourselves into subordinate meetings or Presbyteries, constituting
one annually as a synod, to meet at Philadelphia or elsewhere, to consist of all
the members of each subordinate Presbytery or meeting for this year at least :
Therefore it is agreed by the Presbytery, after serious deliberation, that the
first subordinate meeting or Presbytery, to meet at Philadelphia or elsewhere,
as they shall see fit, do consist of these following members, viz : Masters An-
drews, Jones, Powell, Orr, Bradner, and Morgan. And the second to meet at
New Castle or elsewhere, as they shall see fit, to consist of those, viz : Masters
Anderson, McGill, Gillespie, Wotherspoon, Evans, and Conn. The third to
* 3Icmorandum.
Mr. John Pierson having performed these points of trial assigned him, viz : preached
a, popular sermon from Tit. iii. 8, delivered an exegesis ou that question, an justijicatio
votstra sit ah aterno aut in tempore pracstita, answered to many questions touching theo-
logical matters, and also discovered his skill in the original languages ; all which being
dolie to satisfaction, the said Mr. Pierson was ordained and set apart to the work of the
ministry at Woodbridge, on the 29th day of April, 1717, by Masters Andrews, Pnddeu,
Morgan, Orr, and Digkenson, before a very great assembly.
46 MINUTES OF THE PKESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. [1716.
meet at Snow-Hill or elsewhere, to consist of these, viz : Masters Davis,
Hampton, and Henry. And in consideration that only our brethren Mr.
McNish and Mr. Pumry, are of our number upon Long-Island at present, we
earnestly recommend it to them to use their best endeavours with the neigh-
bouring brethren that are settled there, which as yet join not with us, to join
with them in erecting a fourth Presbytery. And as to the time of the meet-
ing of the respective Presbyteries, it is ordered that that be left to their own
discretion.
Ordered, That a book be kept by each of the said Presbyteries, containing a
record of their proceedings, and that the said book be brought every year to
our anniversary Synod to be revised.
It is appointed by this Presbytery, that the affair of Mr. Pumry, with rela-
tion to his people of Newton, on Long-Island, come under the consideration of
the first Presbyterial meeting that shall be upon the said Long-Island ; and if
there shall not be such a meeting or Presbytery in some reasonable time, and
if the said Mr. Pumry have not his grievances redressed, that then it be left
to Mr. McNish and himself to determine as prudence shall direct, and be ac-
countable to our next general meeting or Synod.
With respect to session-books, mentioned in our last year's minutes, it is
ordered, that they be brought into and revised by the respective Presbyteries,
to which they shall after this time, according to our preceding appointment,
belong.
Adjourned till 8 o'clock; in the morning.
At 8 o'cIocJc, sederunt tit supra.
Our next meeting being appointed as a Synod, it is ordered that the present
moderator open the same by preaching ; and that the Moderator of the last
Synod open the next by preaching always for the time coming upon the first
Tuesday of our meeting, at 10 o'clock.
That the matter of Mr. Gelston's further trial and ordination, be entirely
referred to Mr. McNish and Pumry, with what brethren they can there engage
to join with them presbyterially on Long-Island.
Ordered, That the business of further overtures be continued, to be brought
in to our next annual Synod.
Appointed that the first meeting of our said Synod be at Philadelphia, on
the third Tuesday of September, in the year 1717.
Adjourned till the third Tuesday of September, in the year 1717.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS.
Notwithstanding the peculiar difficulties with which this early Presbytery
had to contend, and to which allusion is made in their records and correspon-
dence, it received an annual accession to its numbers, and the growth of the
infant Church became each year more promising. It will be perceived that at
their meeting in September, 1716, the Presbytery had become so much en-
larged, that it was resolved to divide it into four subordinate judicatories, or
Presbyteries, which should be constituent members of an annual Synod, which
assumed the name of the Synod of Philadelphia. This measure seemed to be
dictated as well by convenience, as by a regard to the general interests of the
Church, since it must have been almost impracticable, when the facilities for
travelling were few, and the stipends of the ministerial members were exceed-
ingly limited, to assemble them from several different provinces, as frequently
as the interests of the Church might require.
The records of these subordinate judicatories, after the organization of the
first Synod, although highly important and interesting in themselves, do not
form any part of this work.* The affairs of the Church were successfully and
happily managed, under the control of the Synod of Philadelphia, until the
rise of those differences, which in the year 1741 resulted in an extensive and
unhappy schism. The cause of these dissensions was not diversity of senti-
ment on any of the cardinal doctrines of the gospel, for both parties alike ad-
hered, in good faith, to the "Westminster Confession and Catechisms ; but a dif-
ference of opinion on measures, which, while one party regarded them as material
to the progress of true religion, the other condemned as dangerous innovations.
The history of the schism may be traced in the records which follow. These
consist of the records of the Synod of Philadelphia from the year 1717 to 1758,
including the period of the schism, and extending to the year in which it was
healed by a re-union of the parties ; and also of the Synod of New York, which
grew out of the schism, from the year 1745 to 1758. In the year 1758, the
Synods of Philadelphia and New York were united, and constituted the su-
preme judicatory of the Presbyterian Church, from that period, until the year
1789, when the General Assembly was organized.
* If the respective Presbyteries should undertake their publication, they would form
a valuable contributiou to our ecclesiastical history.
(47)
PART SECOND
THE MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA,
FROM A. D. 1717 TO 1758.
1717.
At a Synod held at Philadelpliia, which began,
Se2)temhcr 17th, 1717. Post preccs sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. G-eorge McNish, moderator, Jedidiah Andrews, James
Anderson, George Gillespie, Robert Wotherspoon, Malacbi Jones, David
Evans, Samuel Pumry, John Bradner, Robert Orr, John Thomson, John Pier-
Bon, Jonathan Dickinson. — 13.
Elders : John Snowden, Alexander White, Elias Naudain, Peter Watkins,
Daniel Howell, John Rodes. — 6.
For moderator of this Synod was chosen Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, and Mr. Ro-
bert Wotherspoon was chosen clerk.
There not being time for the reading of the last year's minutes this sederunt^
adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
Wednesday, at eight oWoch, sederumtut supra, post preces.
Mr. Bradner's excuse for his absence last year was sustained.
The list of the ministers belonging to the Synod being read, it was found
that Mr. Henry and Mr. Powell are dead.
The minutes concerning Mr. JMorgan being read, the whole affair relating to
that minute was referred to that Presbytery whereof he is a member.
The reasons of Mr. Conn's absence were by letter given, and sustained.
Masters Gillespie, Wotherspoon, and Evans, supplied Kent county accord-
ing to appointment, as also did Mr. Anderson.
IMr. Thomson was ordained, according to appointment ; Masters Gillespie
and Bi'adner absent at that time ; and their excuses on that occasion were ac-
cepted.
Mr. Pierson was ordained, according to appointment, at Woodbridge, on the
29th of April, 1717.
The brethren belonging to Long Island have done their endeavour for erect-
ing a Presbytery there, and were successful.
Some Presbyteries being defective in not bringing their Presbytery books, it
was ordered that they should have them ready against the next meeting of the
Synod.
The consideration of the minute made last year with respect to Mr. Pumry,
referred to next sederunt.
The moderator of the last Synod being hindered from being here at the time
appointed by the last year's Synod, he was appointed to preach this day at ten
o'clock, his Synodical sermon.
Mr. Gelston was ordained at Southampton, April the 17th, 1717, by Mas-
ters McNish, Philips, and Pumry, according to appointment.
Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon.
(48)
1717.] MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP PHILADELPHIA. 49
At tliree o^ clock, sederunt ut supra.
Mr. IMcNish, the moderator of the last Synod, preached according to ap-
pointment, on John xxi. 17.
Mr. Pumry's business further delayed.
Sustained JMr. Hampton's absence, upon the account of a necessity he lies
under to go to his native country for the recovery of his health.
Mr. John Thomson appointed to join with the Presbytery of New Castle,
till such time as there is a competent number to make up a Presbytery in his
neighbourhood.
Mr. Gelston's letter, containing some frivolous excuses for his absence, was
not sustained.
A committee for overtures, consisting of Masters McNish, Andrews, Jones,
TJiomson, and Pierson, was appointed.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
Thursday, Septemher 19ost merid. that the committee might have time
to complete the overtures upon the affair of Cohanzy.
At 3 o^clocJc, P. M. according to appointment, p)0st preces sederunt qui
supra.
The affair of IMr. Hook reassuraed.
The committee appointed to bring in overtures upon the several articles
alleged against Mr. Hook, brought in their overtures, which are as follows.
1. Overtured, That inasmuch as the first crimination against Mr. Hook is
of several years date ; and by the confession of the parties offended, long since
satisfied for, and as appears to us from an ill motive, that it be therefore re-
jected, which overture was approved of by the Synod.
2. Overtured, That the Synod disapprove of Mr. Fithian's publicly charging
Mr. Hook with a lie relating to a bargain of a horse, not only without evi-
dence, but when the evidences he produced witnessed against him ; which over-
ture was approved of by the Synod.
3. Overtured, That Mr. Hook is chargeable with fiilsehood, and a very un-
natural and uncharitable construction of Mr. Sealy's letter, in representing him
as saying, that Mr. Hook's fingers and toes were cut off in Ireland for stealing.
Which overture, by a majority of votes, was approved by the Synod.
4. Overtured, That Mr. Hook cannot be charged with a lie respecting the
shooting match, inasmuch as he might truly say, he did not inform the justi-
ces, but only admonished them of their duty. Approved by a majority of votes
of the Synod.
5. Overtured, That Mr. Hook was chargeable with folly and levity unbe-
coming a gospel minister in the sham marriages alleged. Approved by the
Synod.
6. Overtured, That Mr. Hook might have been asleep, notwithstanding of
what appears by Joseph Brooks and Benjamin Davis their evidences ; there-
fore, after long and mature deliberation upon it, we left it doubtful. Which
was approved by the Synod.
7. As to the charge of obscene actions expressed in Ephraim Sealy's depo-
sition, Mr. Hook hath confessed the whole with much seeming sorrow, and
grief before the Synod. Upon the whole, Mr. Hook being called in and by
the moderator desired to declare his thoughts concerning the other articles of
which he was concluded guilty by the Synod, he made an acknowledgment
as to every particular, and professed a sincere sorrow and repentance for the
1722.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 73
same. WHich together with the acknowledgment by him before made, with
relation to the article contained in Ephraim Sealy's evidence, was accepted by
the Synod as a satisfactory evidence of his sincere repentance. Upon which
the Synod spent a considerable time in debating and deliberating upon the
kind and degree of censure to be inflicted upon Jlr. Hook for the abovesaid
ofiences. At last the question was proposed, suspend or not. The resolution
of which is deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow, ante mcrid.
At nine o'clock^ A. M. according to appointment, post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The affairs deferred the last sederunt deferred further.
The above mentioned question relating to the suspension or non-suspension
of Mr. Hook, being proposed, it was, by a great majority of votes carried in
the affirmative. It being again questioned, whether his suspension should be
limited or indefinite, it was by a majority of votes carried indefinite.
Upon the whole, the Synod have appointed, that Mr. Daniel McGill, Mr.
Jedidiah Andrews, Mr. James JMorgan, and Mr. Robert Cross, do meet at
Fairfield meeting-house upon the third Thursday of October next ensuing,
and then and there they or any one of them, have power to. take off the sus-
pension, if no sufficient reason to the contrary appears. And further, it is
ordered that one of the said ministers do preach at the said meeting-house,
and also, that the said ministers do publicly read a full extract of the Synod's
minutes relating to Mr, Hook, and that Mr. Hook make his public acknow-
ledgment viva voce or in writing, as he thinks fit, in order to his being absolved
as aforesaid.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three d clock, P. M. according to appoinment, post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The Presbytery of Long-Island gave in their report to the Synod, that a
committee of their Presbytery met a number of the trustees of New-Haven
college, according to the appointment of the Synod, and have given a large
account in writing, of their proceedings with said trustees, whereby the Synod
is convinced that they, though without the desired success, have done what
they could relating to the union with Connecticut ministers, and removing
those differences between them and our Presbytery of Long-Island, by the
irregular division of the congregation at New York, and the trustees sending
missionaries to preach there. Upon the whole, the Synod approves of the con-
duct of the Presbytery of Long-Island in the whole affair as it was managed
by them, both since last Synod and formerly.
]Mr. Hook desiring to be joined to New Castle Presbytery, it was granted.
Ordered, That Mr. John Pierson do supply Mr. Pumry's congregation that
Sabbath in which Mr. Pumry is to be at Newark about Mr. Walton's business;
and that on the same day Mr. Webb supply Mr. Pierson's people.
The affair of Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, &c. his protest reassumed.
Adjourned till eight o'clock, to-morrow, ante nierid.
At eight o'clock, A. M. according to appointment, post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The brethren who entered their protestation against the act for allowing any
brother or member of this Synod, to bring in any overture to be formed into
an act by the Synod, for the better carrying on in the matters of our govern-
ment and discipline, &c. The said brethren protestants brought in a paper
of four articles, testifying in writing their sentiments and judgment concerning
10
74 MINUTES OF THE [1722.
church government, which was approved by the Synod, and ordered by the
Synod to be recorded in the Synod book. Likewise the said brethren being
willing to take back their protestation against said act, together with their rea-
sons given in defense of said protest; the Synod doth hereby order that the
protest, together with the reasons of it, as also the answers at the appointment
of the Synod given in to the reasons alleged by Mr. Daniel McGill and Mr.
George McNish, be all withdrawn ; and that the said act remain and be in
all respects as if no such protest had been made. The articles are as fol-
loweth.
1. We freely grant, that there is full executive power of church govern-
ment in Presbyteries and Synods, and that they may authoritatively, in the
name of Christ, use the keys of church discipline to all proper intents and
purposes, and that the keys of the church are committed to the church officers
and them only.
2. We also grant, that the mere circumstantials of church discipline, such
as the time, place, and mode, of carrying on in the government of the Church,
belong to ecclesiastical judicatories to determine as occasions occur, conform-
able to the general rules in the word of God, that require all things to be done
decently and in order. And if these things are called acts, we will take no
offence at the word, provided that these acts be not imposed upon such as
conscientiously dissent from them.
3. We also grant, that Synods may compose directories, and recommend
them to all their members, respecting all the parts of discipline, provided that
all subordinate judicatories may decline from such directories when they con-
scientiously think they have just reason so to do.
4. We freely allow that appeals may be made from all inferior to superior
judicatories, and that superior judicatories have authority to consider and de-
termine such appeals.
Malachi Jones,
Joseph Morgan,
Jonathan Dickinson,
David Evans.
The Synod was so universally pleased with the abovesaid composure of their
difference, that they unanimously joined together in a thanksgiving prayer,
and joyful singing the one hundred and thirty-third psalm.
The supplications of the people of New Castle, and the people of Tree
Dyffryn, referred from the committee for bills and overtures to the Synod,
referred to the commission of the Synod.
A representation being made by some of our members of the earnest desires
of some Protestant dissenting ftimilies in Virginia, together with a comfortable
prospect of the increase of our interest there, the Synod have appointed that
Mr. Hugh Conn, Mr. John Orme, and Mr. William Stewart, do each of them
severally visit said people, and preach four Sabbaths to them, between this and
the next Synod.
Some members expressing their fears lest Mr. John Walton should not be-
have himself orderly, the Synod do appoint that Mr. George McNish, Mr.
James Anderson, and Mr. Samuel Pumry, or any two of them, do, in the
Synod's name, judicially deal with him, upon information, as they shall see
proper.
The Presbytery books of Philadelphia and Long Island were brought in, and
approved by the Synod.
The commission of the Synod appointed last year, continued with the same
powers until the next Synod.
The review of the minutes of this present Synod, and all the affairs of the
fund, with whatever emergencies may occur, referred to the said commission.
1723.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 75
Adjourned till tlie third Wednesday of September next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia, at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
1723.
Philaddplda, September the \%th, 1723.
The Synod met according to appointment, uhi 2>ostpreces sederunt, (Mr. Jones
being moderator, pro tempore, and Mr. Cross clerk.)
Ministers present : Messrs. Daniel McGill, Malachi Jones, Jcdidiah Andrews,
James Anderson, Greorge Gillespie, Hugh Conn, David Evans, William Stew-
art, Henry Hook, Robert Cross, Thomas Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, Jona-
than Dickinson, John Pierson, Robert Laing.
Elders : IMessrs. John Budd, John Glardner, James Abraham, Robert Wil-
son. David Evans, Esq'r., Peter Bushel.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Thomson, Orme, Moses Dickinson, Webb, Pumry,
Gelston, Tennent, Morgan, Davis, Bradner, Philips, Lamb.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
19 day. At eicjlit dcloch, according to appointment, post preces sederunt, qui
supra.
Mr. Bradner, Mr. Orme, and Mr. Webb, giving reasons of their absence by
letter, their reasons were sustained.
Messrs. James Anderson, Hugh Conn, George Gillespie, and Robert Cross,
being put upon the Leet in order to the choice of a moderator, Mr. James An-
derson was chosen, and Mr. Cross was chosen clerk.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
Mr. Thomson, the moderator of the last Synod, being absent by reason of
sickness, Mr. Andrews opened the Synod by preaching a synodical sermon from
Prov. xi. 30.
Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Jonathan Dickinson, Daniel McGill, Hugh Conn,
Robert Cross, with the moderator, are appointed for a committee for bills and
overtures ; and it is recommended to all the rest of the members of the Synod
to attend upon the said committee as they can and see cause.
Mr. Malachi Jones, and Mr. David Evans, dissent from appointing any com-
mittee for bills and overtures.
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson appointed to preach to-morrow night, Mr. Stewart
next Sabbath in the forenoon, Mr. Hutchinson in the afternoon, and Mr. Cross
at night.
Agreed that the committee for bills and overtures be also a committee for the
fund.
Mr. Jones and Mr. Pierson appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New
Castle ; and Mr. Gillespie and Mr. Stewart that of Long Island. The Presby-
tery book of Philadelphia was forgot to be brought hither.
It being inquired what collections were made for the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Jones and Anderson have done somewhat in that aifair, as likewise the
congregation at Newark, per Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, which they are ordered
to deliver to the committee of the fund. And the rest of the ministers having
given their reasons why they brought no collections, the same were sustained ;
and it is recommended to all the members of the Synod to use their diligence to
bring collections to the next Synod.
Ordered, That the commission of the Synod do bring in an account of all
their proceedings to-morrow morning.
The Synod having inquired what was done in the affair relating to Mr. Wal-
ton, found that Mr. Pumry did not go to Newark as appointed, by reason
of sickness, as likewise that Mr. Walton, (without any authority,) read his ac-
knowledgment and absolved himself. Upon which the Synod, having con-
sidered the whole affair, put it to vote whether the suspension was taken off,
76 MINUTES OF THE [1723.
and it was carried in tlie negative. And the Synod does further appoint the
Presbytery of Long Island, together with Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, Mr. Morgan,
and Mr. Pierson, to be a committee to transact in the whole affair relating to
Mr. Walton, and to remove or continue the suspension as they shall see cause.
Adjourned to three o'clock, post meridiem.
Horci terfia post meridiem, post preces sederunt, qui supra.
The Synod approves of the conduct of the committee in absolving Mr.
Hook.
Messrs. Hugh Conn, John Orme, and William Stewart, fulfilled their ap-
pointments with respect to Virginia.
The Presbytery of New Castle having referred a case to the Synod with re-
spect to Mr. Robert Laing, upon whom they passed the censures of rebuke, sus-
pension, and deposition, for violating the Lord's day, by washing himself in a
creek, and for his indiscreet carriage to the Presbytery at the time of his re-
buke, the Synod, after matui'e deliberation upon that affair, with the concurring
circumstances, particularly Mr. Laing's indisposition at that time, and expecta-
tion of service from that action, do judge those censures of suspension and de-
position were too severe, and do therefore repeal them ; although we can't but
judge Mr. Laing guilty of several very unbecoming imprudencies, worthy of re-
buke, relating to that affair. Mr. Robert Cross and Mr. Thomas Evans, mem-
bers of that Presbytery, did not agree to the sentence of deposition whea
it was passed.
A letter from the people of Virginia being read, the consideration of it was
deferred till to-morrow morning.
The committee appointed to meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, antemeridiem, to-morrow.
20 day. Hora nona antemeridiem, sederunt qui sup)ra.
The affair of Virginia reassumed. The Synod having seriously considered
said affair, do appoint Mr. Hugh Conn, Mr. John Orme, and Mr. William
Stewart, each of them to preach four Lord's days before next Synod to that
people, and it is recommended to Mr. Jonathan Dickinson to preach to said
people before next Synod, some Sabbath days, and in case he goes thither,
that then Mr. Pierson, Mr. Webb, and Mr. Moses Dickinson, do supply his
congregation with preaching.
And it is further Ordered, That Mr. Jones and Mr. Andrews write a letter
to the people of Virginia.
And it is further Ordered, That Mr. Hutchinson supply Mr. Stewart's con-
gregation two Sabbaths during his absence in Virginia.
And it is Ordered, That a letter of address be writ to the Grovernor of Vir-
ginia, by Messrs. Dickinson and Cross, and that the said letter to the people of
Virginia, and also this, be brought into the Synod for approbation.
A letter from the ministers of Connecticut to this Synod, desiring a con-
ference with some of the ministers of this Synod, in order to the healing of
those divisions in the Presbyterian congregation in New York, being read
and maturely considered, it was ordered, that a letter be writ to the ministers
of Connecticut in answer to theirs, to thank them for their concern about the
interest of religion in New York, and their proposing a conference with some
of us in order to heal the division in the Presbyterian congregation there, and
to signify our hearty concurrence with their proposal. And withal to signify
our apprehensions that the place proposed for a conference, is not so likely
to answer the good intentions expressed in their letter as New York would be,
and therefore to desire them to send some of their number to meet with some
1723.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 77
of ours there, on the twenty-third of October next. Messrs. Andrews, Dickin-
son, Morgan, Philips, Cross, and McGrill, appointed to meet the said minis-
ters at New York, at the time before mentioned, and are empowered to act iu
the name and with the full power of the Synod, in the affair proposed. But
if the said Connecticut ministers decline coming to New York at the time
mentioned, the aforementioned members of the Synod are empowered to
meet them at any other time and place for the said purpose, as they shall
think reasonable. And if the good ends proposed, relating to New York, be
at the conference happily accomplished, the Synod recommends it to those
of their members afore appointed for said conference, to treat with said minis-
ters of Connecticut about an union with us, and empower them to concert and
conclude upon any methods that may conduce to that end. Mr. McGrill and
Mr. Conn appointed to write the abovesaid letter.
Adjourned -till three o'clock, postmerid. Concluded with prayer.
Sor& tertia, post merid. sederunt qui su]37'a.
The Synod according to an overture of the committee, resolved themselves
into an interloquitur, to consider a case of conscience proposed by George
Williamson, with respect to his call to the ministry, and after having heard
the same, desired a further consideration of it till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
21st day. Hora octava, ante merid. sederunt qui supra.
The affair of said George Williamson reassumed.
The ministers of the Synod having seriously and deliberately considered
the above case, do, nemine contradicente, agree in judgment, that the said
person has not any regular call that way ; for though we are satisfied as to his
piety and godly life, yet we think he wants necessary qualifications required
in the word of God for a gospel minister, and therefore advise him to continue
in the vocation wherein he is called, and endeavour to be useful as a private
Christian.
The letter to the people of Virginia was read and approved.
The Presbytery book of Long-Island revised and approved.
The Presbytery book of New Castle revised and approved.
The commission of the Synod having rendered an account of their acting in
the name of the Synod, it was approved.
Adjourned till four o'clock, post merid.
Hora tertia, post merid. sederunt qui supra.
A letter to the Governor of Virginia was read and approved.
Upon a supplication from the congregation of Tree-Dyffrin, for some thing
from the fund, it was overtured by the committee, that five pounds be given to
said people, which overture was approved by the Synod.
From a like supplication from the people of Octararo and Hanover, it was
overtured that three pounds be given to each of them ; this overture was agreed
to ; as likewise to give three pounds to Mrs. Wilson, and one pound to 3Ir.
Andrews for recording.
IMessieurs Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Dickinson, Cross, and Evans, to be
the commission of the Synod with the same power as formerly. Ordered,
that the minutes be revised by the commission of the Synod. Upon reading
the list of ministers the Synod found, to their great grief, that Mr. McNish
was dead.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia, at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
78 MINUTES OF THE [1724.
1734.
PMladelpMa, Septenn ...• 16th, 1724.
The Synod met according to appointment, %ihi post jrreces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews, James Anderson,
George Gillespie, Hugh Conn, David Evans, Henry Hook, Robert Cross,
John Bradner, Thomas Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, John Pierson, John
Orme, Robert Laing, Thomas Craighead, John Thomson, Moses Dickinson,
Samuel Pumry.
Elders : Messrs. John Budd, John Gardner, James Parry, Abraham Golder,
Peter Bushell, John Kale, Enoch Armitage.
Ministers absent: Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Willi n Stewart, Joseph
Webb, Joseph Morgan, Samuel Gelston, William Tennent.
Mr. Anderson opened the Synod by preaching a sermon upon 2 Cor. v. 20.
Mr. George Gillespie was chosen moderator, and Mr. Robert Cross, clerk.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at eight o'clack- Concluded with,
prayer.
Die 17mo. at eight o^ clock, ante merid. post preces Kfdemnt qui supra.
Mr. Webb and Mr. Tennent gave by letters the reasons of their absence,
which were sustained.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
Mr. Pumry and Mr. Thomson gave the reasons of their aBsence last year,
which were sustained.
Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Pierson, Cross, Jones, and Conn,
were appointed to be a committee for the fund, and for any other business the
Synod shall recommend to them.
Mr. Moses Dickinson appointed to preach on Friday night.
Messrs. Pumry and Bradner appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
New Castle. Masters Orme and Hook that of Long-Island. The Presbytery
book of Philadelphia was wanting by reason of Mr. Jonathan Dickinson's
absence.
It being inquired what collections were made for the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, and Evans, had brought collections,
and they were ordered to deliver them to the committee for the fund. And
the rest of the ministers having given their reasons why they brought no col-
lections, the same were sustained. And it is recommended to all the members
of the Synod, to use their utmost diligence to bring collections to the next
Synod.
The Synod having inquired what the committee did on the affair of Mr.
Walton, did approve of their conduct and management, the account whereof
is as followeth : "New York, October 25, 1723. At a meeting of the com-
mittee of the Synod, relating to the affair of Mr. Walton. Present, Messrs.
Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Samuel Pumry, Robert Cross, and Jonathan
Dickinson.
*' Mr. Morgan chosen Moderator, and ]Mr. Dickinson, clerk.
" After deliberate consideration of Mr. Walton's case, and particular hear-
ing several scandalous allegations against him, by letters and otherwise, and
his answers unto them, the question was put, whether fi-om what we had heard
we had just grounds to take off the suspension laid on him by the Synod, and
we agreed in the negative nemine contradiccnte.
" Ordered, That Mr. Morgan write to the people of East-Chester, where he
has lately preached, informing them of this our conclusion.
" Resolved, That the committee of the Synod convene to transact what
shall appear further needful in the case of Mr. Walton, when Messrs. Ander-
172#.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 79
son, Pumry, and Cross, shall give notice to the other members of the com-
mittee.
" The moderator being desired by the committee, after reading the above
minutes to Mr. Walton, to give him an admonition, to use more care, watch-
fulness, and circumspection for the future, Mr. Walton did not only exclaim
against our conclusion, and declare he never would have any more concern with
any of our judicatories, but also refused to hear any exhortation ; telling us
that he did not want any exhortation from us, and that he always thought that
it was all an intrigue, but was willing to try us once more, and in an angry
manner rushed away from us."
Mr. Orme fulfilled the appointment of the Synod with respect to his preach-
ing in Virginia; Mr. Conn did not, and gave his reasons, which were sus-
tained ; Mr. Stewart did not, the reasons not known, he being absent.
The Synod approves of the conduct of the committee appointed to meet
with the ministers from Connecticut, to confer about the affairs of the Pres-
byterian congregation in New York, though their endeavours proved unsuc-
cessful.
The Synod having received a letter from George Williamson, expressing
some dissatisfaction with the judgment of the Synod in his case last year, they
appointed Mr. Andrews and JMr. Thomson to write a letter to him in answer
to his, and bring it into the Synod for approbation.
A letter from the people of Virginia being read and considered, the Synod
have referred that whole affair to the Presbytery of New Castle, and orders a
letter to be writ to said people, by Messrs. Pierson and Pumry, and to bring
it to the Synod for approbation.
Messieurs Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and
Evans, continued to be the commissioners of the Synod, with the same power
as formerly.
Upoi\ calling the roll it was found that Mr. McG-ill died since our last
Synod.
Mr. Bradner having desired that he might be joined to the Presbytery of
Long-Island, and offered his reasons, they were sustained, and he was ordered
to join with said Presbytery.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund, &c. meet at three o'clock, post
merid.
Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid.
Horn quinta, post merid. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Moses Dickinson gave the reasons of his absence last year, which
were sustained.
Messrs. Andrews and Thomson brought in the letter to be sent to George
Williamson, which was approved.
Ordered, That the letter to Virginia be brought in at our next sederunt.
The case proposed by Mr. Webb, being considered by the committee for
overtures, they made this overture upon it, viz : Overtured, that whereas the
case is delivered in such general and doubtful terms that we cannot judge of
it, the consideration thereof be left to the Presbytery of Philadelphia ; which
overture was approved by the Synod.
Mr. Tennent having written to the Synod for some supply out of the fund,
his request was denied, and Mr. Moses Dickinson and Mr. John Dudd ordered
to write a letter to him giving the reasons thereof, and to bring it in to-morrow
morning.
The overture of the committee, with reference to a supplication from some
of the inhabitants of Perth Amboy, desiring sermons sometimes, being referred
to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, was approved by the Synod, and Mr. An-
80 MINUTES OF THE [1725.
derson was appointed to write a letter to them, and bring it in to-morrow
nioi-ning.
The consideration of a letter from Kent county, as likewise of Mr. Peter
Finch's testimonials, deferred till to-morrow morning.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet to-morrow morning, at eight
of the clock.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
Die 18«zo. Ilord decima, ante meridiem, sederunt qui supra.
The letter to be sent to Virginia was brought in and approved
A letter to be sent to Perth Amboy brought in and approved.
A letter to Mr. Tennent brought in and approved.
The affair of Mr. Finch and Kent county reassumed.
The Synod having read and considered Mr. Peter Finch his testimonials,
do approve them, and do recommend him for further advice and direction to
the Presbytery of New Castle, and appoint Mr. Andrews to write a letter in
answer to that from the people of Kent county.
The overture of the committee to give five pounds to Mrs. Wilson, as like-
wise the overture to give three pounds to the people of Broad Creek, were
approved.
The consideration of the Synod's meeting by delegates deferred to the next
sederinit.
Ordered, That the Presbytery books be brought in.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post meridiem.
Hora tertia, post meridiem, sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery books of New York and New Castle brought in and ap-
proved.
The affair relating to the Synod's meeting by delegates was taken into con-
sideration, and after reasoning upon the matter, it was at last put to the vote
thus : Appear by delegates or not ? And it was carried in the affirmative ; and
likewise concluded by vote, that the Presbytery of New Castle and Philadel-
phia do yearly delegate the half of their members to the Synod, and the Pres-
bytery of Long Island two of their number. And it is further ordered, that
all the members of the Synod do attend every third year ; and that, if in the
interim, any thing of moment do occur, whereby the presence of all the mem-
bers may be thought necessary, they, (upon notice given by the commission
of the Synod,) shall carefully attend notwithstanding the above delegation.
And it is further agreed, that every member of the Synod may attend as
formerly if they see cause.
Appointed, That the nest Synod meet at Philadelphia, upon the third Wed-
nesday of September next, at two of the clock in the afternoon.
Concluded with prayer.
1725.
Philadelphia, Septemher 15, 1725.
The Synod met by their delegates according to appointment,
IJhi post preces sederunt
Ministers delegated : Messrs. George Gillespie, David Evans, Henry Hook,
Joseph Houston, Adam Boyd, Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews, Jonathan
Dickinson, Moses Dickinson, Samuel Gelston, William Stewart.
Ministers occasionally present : Messrs. James Anderson, John Thomson,
John Pierson, Robert Laing, Noyes Parris.
Elders : Messrs. John Gardner, James Abraham, Thomas Hiott, Joseph
Braden, John Hall, John Snowden, Enoch Armitage.
Mr. Gillespie, the moderator of the last Synod, opened the Synod by preach-
ing a sermon from Col. iv. 17.
1725.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 81
Masters Thomas Craighead, and William Tennent, delegated miuisters,
were absent.
Mr. Craighead sent the reasons of his absence by letter, which were sus-
tained.
Mr. David Evans was chosen moderator, and Mr. Andrews clerk.
The last year's minutes appointed to be read.
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, and Mr. Samuel Gelston, gave the reasons of their
absence last year, which were sustained.
]\Iasters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Pierson, Jones, and Jonathan
Dickinson, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business
the Synod shall recommend to them.
Mr. Hook appointed to preach on Friday night.
Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson and Pierson appointed to revise the Presby-
tery book of New Castle. Messrs. Hook and Boyd that of Long Island.
IMessrs. Gillespie and Houston that of Philadelphia. The revisers ordered
to bring in the Presbytery books to-morrow afternoon.
Ordered, That those which have brought collections for the fund do deliver
them to the committee for the fund.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
16 day, at eight 6* clock, j^^^^^ meridiem, sederunt qui supra.
The minute that the revisers bring in the Presbytery books in the afternoon
continued.
Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and
Evans, continued to be the commission of the Synod with the same power
as formerly.
Mr. Samuel Davis died since last Synod.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at three o'clock, post
meridiem.
The Synod having received a letter from Mr. John "Walton, desiring us to
appoint the Presbytery of Long Island to be a committee to judge in his case,
it was ordered, that an extract of the minutes of the Synod, relating to his
affair, be sent to him. And it was further ordered, at the desire of the Pres-
bytery of Long Island, that this affair be left as before, viz. to the Presbytery
of Long Island, together with Messrs. Morgan, Dickinson, and Pierson, and
that the said members have a copy of the said extract of minutes, to dispose
of as they shall see cause.
Mr. Stewart being questioned touching his not going to Virginia according
to appointment, the year before last, he alleged for excuse bodily indisposi-
tion, which excuse was accepted by the Synod ; and, as to his absence last
year from the Synod, he brought his wife's indisposition for a reason, which
was sustained.
Adjourned till five o'clock, post meridiem.
At five d clock, post meridiem, sederunt, drc.
There being, according to the report of the committee for the fund, by col-
lections and interest money brought in, the sum of ten pounds and three pence
half-penny, there was given by the Synod to Mrs. Wilson five pounds ; to
Octorara two pounds ; to Goshen two pounds ; to Mr. Anderson, on account
of ]Mr. Finch, one pound ; to the door-keeper the remainder, viz. seven shil-
lings and three pence half-penny.
The Presbytery books were brought in and approved.
Appointed, That the next Synod meet at Philadelphia, upon the third Wed-
nesday of September next, at two o'clock, afternoon.
Concluded with prayer.
11
82 MINUTES OF THE [1726.
1726.
Philadelphia, Septemher 21, 1726.
The Synod met by their delegates according to appointment.
Ub i post jj7xces sederunt
Ministers delegated : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah
Andrews, Robert Cross, John Thomson, David Evans, Joseph "Webb, Alex-
ander Hutchinson, Noyes Parris, Thomas Evans.
Elders delegated : Charles Hofty, William Blair, John Snov?den, Alexan-
der Mullestou, James Abraham, Samuel Farrin, John Bravur, David Evans,
Esquire.
Masters Joseph Morgan, William Tennent, Hugh Conn, and Robert
Stewart, delegated ministers, were absent ; and Mr. William Tennent was ab-
sent also last year.
Masters James Anderson, Joseph Houston, and Samuel Gelston, were
members occasionally present.
Mr. Thomas Craighead was chosen moderator, and Mr. Webb clerk.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, eight o'clock
22 day, at eight o'docJc, A. 31. Postpreces sedemnt qui sxipra.
BIr. David Evans, the moderator of the last Synod, opened the Synod by
preaching a sermon from Acts v. 42.
Ordered, That the last year's minutes be read.
Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Craighead, Anderson, Thomson, and Cross, ap-
pointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod
shall recommend to them.
Mr. Houston appointed to preach on Friday night.
Mr. Thomas Evans and Mr. Alexander Hutchinson appointed to revise the
Presbytery book of Long Island; Mr. Noyes Parris and Mr. Joseph Webb
appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. The Presbytery
book of Philadelphia was not brought to the Synod.
Inquiry being made who had made any collections for the fund, it was
found that these following had done it, Mr. Malachi Jones, Mr. Robert Cross,
Mr. John Thomson, and Mr. David Evans.
Ordered, That the ministers here present should represent to the several
Presbyteries, that there be yearly something done for the fund as was formerly
appointed.
It appearing that the commission of the Synod had done something relating
to the fund. Ordered, That they bring in au account of it to the Synod to-
morrow morning.
The committee for the fund appointed to meet at three o'clock post merid.
together with the commissioners of the Synod.
A reference from the Presbytery of Long-Island was brought in, and the
papers relating to it were read, and the consideration of that affair deferred till
next sederunt.
Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid.
At five dcloch, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supi^a.
Ordered, That the Presbytery books that are here, be brought in by the
members appointed to revise them, to-morrow morning.
The commissioners of the Synod brought in an account to the Synod of
what they had done respecting the change of a mortgage from Joseph Harri-
son, which was approved.
Ordered, That the affair referred to the Synod by the Presbytery of Long-
Island, be referred to the committee for au overture upon it, to be brought in
next sederunt.
1726.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 83
A representation being made from the Presbytery of New Castle, of tbe
conduct of Mr. Gilbert Tennent, respecting bis leaving of New Castle, desiring
the judgment of tbe Synod in that affair ; it was concluded that tbe said Mr.
Tenneut's steps were too hasty and unadvised in several particulars ; and ac-
cordingly ordered the moderator to reprove him, and withal exhort him unto
more caution and deliberation in his future proceedings.
3Ir. William Tennent, by his son, offered tbe reasons of bis absence, which
were sustained.
The committee appointed to meet to-morrow morning at eight o'clock.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
2od day at ten o'clock, A. 31. jjostjyreces sederunt qiiimpra.
Tbe Presbytery books that were here were brought in and approved.
The committee met according to appointment, and brought in overtures upon
tbe affair of New York congregation, (which was referred to the Synod by tbe
Presbytery of Long-Island,) which overture, (after reading and mature delibe-
ration bad upon them,) were unanimously approved, and ordered to be trans-
cribed and inserted in our minutes. The overtures are as followeth :
Overtured, That Dr. Nicbolls' conduct, (as represented to us by the elders
and representatives of the Presbyterian congregation of New York,) appears
unjustifiable and unbecoming the gospel; and we cannot but judge it to be so
in the following respects, (until we are otherwise informed,) viz :
1. In bis disposing of tbe money sent from Great Britain for tbe payment
of tbe Church's debt, without consulting tbe representatives, who are equally
concerned with him in the affair.
2. In refusing to cancel or deliver up the bonds paid with the public
money.
3. In exacting interest in such a rigorous manner, for money laid out for
promoting tbe interest of Christ, as he at first professed.
4. In disregarding the Presbytery, and not attending tbe Synod in tbe affair
of the representation, when he was apprized that the affair was referred to the
Synod.
6. In applying to Boston for a minister without the concurrence of Presby-
tery or Synod, or the elders and representatives of tbe congregation.
Overtured further, That a letter be wrote to Dr. Nicholl, expressing the
mind of the Synod fully with respect to bis conduct. And a letter to the
ministers of Boston not to countenance tbe Doctor in this matter, until he give
satisfaction. And a letter to the elders and representatives of New York con-
gregation.
Further overtured, That tbe Synod, (as things now appear,) doth judge it to
be tbe duty of Dr. Nicholl, to give such satisfaction to the said representatives
in the affair of the public money and bonds, as will appear satisfactory in the
judgment of the Synod or tbe commissioners of tbe Synod. Until which time
tbe Synod cannot concur with him in any of bis endeavours for obtaining a
minister.
Overtured, That tbe Synod are willing to contribute their best endeavours
for the good of the congregation of New York, and (in case of 3Ir. Anderson's
removal,) take care to provide supplies for them while vacant, and provide a
pastor for them as soon as Providence may open a door. And for this purpose
do recommend them to the care of the Presbytery of Long-Island, to which
they belong, together with such correspondents from the Presbytery of Phila-
delphia as may be thought needful.
Overtured, That Mr. Anderson, (according to his desire,) be left at bis
liberty to remove from New York, and to accept of a call from any other peo-
ple, as Providence may determine ; and the congregation of New York be at
84 MIXUTES OF THE [1726.
liberty to call another minister, (in an orderly way,) as soon as they shall pay
up what arrears appear justly due to Mr. Anderson.
Overtured, That a letter be wrote to Mr. Smith in answer to his to the Synod,
letting him know, that the Synod will not remit that money for which Mr.
Mc^^lsh's estate stands obliged, and that he take care about it; and likewise a
letter be wrote to Mr. William Tennent, of the same purport.
Ordered, That Messrs. Jones and Andrews write the letter to the ministers
of Boston ; Messrs. Thomson and David Evans to Dr. Nicholl ; Messrs. Thomas
Evans and Webb to the congregation of New York ; and Messrs. Gelston and
Parris, those to Mr. Tennent and Mr. Joseph Smith, and that they be brought
into the Synod to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At 3 oWock, P. M. Postpreces sederunt qui sripra.
An appeal from some members of Mr. Houston's congregation being presented
to the Synod, and all papers relating to that affair being read, as also all that
the parties had to say patiently heard, the consideration thereof was deferred
till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
24;7i day at eiglit d'cloch, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The letters mentioned in a former minute were all brought in and ap-
proved.
The affair of the abovesaid appeal being reassumed, and much time spent in
debating and considering of it, it was put to vote, whether approve or disap-
prove of the Presbytery's conduct with respect to the matter of said appeal,
and it was carried in the affirmative nemine contradicente. Upon the whole,
the Synod after mature deliberation, do judge that the appellants have acted
irregular in separating from the congregation whereof they are members, and
going about to build a separate meeting-house, which seems to have a visible
tendency to the hurt and detriment of the interest of Christ and religion in
that place. And do further judge the treatment they have given to the Pres-
bytery of New Castle, as appears by their own papers, to be unjustifiable and
justly censurable, and do exhort said persons to return to the congregation to
which they belong, and endeavour to maintain the unity of the spirit in the
bond of peace.
A call from the people of Dunegall to the Rev. Mr. James Anderson, being
presented to the Synod, the Synod recommended said call to Mr. Anderson for
his consideration about it.
Adjourned till two o'clock, post merid.
At tico dcloch, P. M. jwst i^rec^s sederunt qui siqjra.
There being from time to time complaints of the weakness and deficiency
of Mr. Robert Laing, rendering his exercise of the ministerial function a de-
triment to the interest of religion, and rather a scandal than an help to the
gospel ; the Synod advise him to demit the whole exercise of the ministry,
and not to take it up again but by the approbation of at least three ministers of
the Presbytery wherein he may reside ; the said Mr. Laing did quietly and
humbly acquiesce in the aforesaid advice. And there being a motion made,
that in case Mr. Laing should remove unto some place in the skirts of the
Synod, so that the commissioners may not be apprized of his circumstances
in order to his relief, should there be need of it, that any member or members
of the Synod administering to his necessities in a prudent way, (wherein they
shall be accountable to the Synod,) may be reimbursed by the Synod. The
said motion was approved of by the Synod, the said Mr. Laing bringing with
1727.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 85
bim such credentials as may testify of bis good moral bebaviour. And tbe
Synod did, for the present, in testimony of their compassion, give him out of
the fund the sum of forty shillings.
Mr. Webb giving account of some difficulties in bis congregation, ■which be
hoped might be healed by a committee appointed by the Synod, it was (ia
compliance with bis desire,) ordered, that Messrs. Morgan, Anderson, Cross,
Pierson, Gelston, Jonathan Dickinson, and Andrews, should be the said com-
mittee, and meet at Newark on the fourth Wednesday of October next, to act
with the full power of the Synod in all matters that may be laid before them
with respect to that congregation, and bring an account of what they do to the
next Synod. \
Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Evans, Anderson, Cross, and Jonathan Dickinson,
continued to be the commissioners of the Synod, with the same power as for-
merly.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, then to meet at
Philadelphia at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
1797.
Sepfcmher 20th, 1727.
The full Synod met at Philadelphia according to appointment, when j^ost
preces sederunt,
Ministers : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead,
John Thomson, James Anderson, Joseph j\Iorgan, George Gillespie, Hugh
Conn, William Stewart, John Pierson, David Evans, William Tenneut,
Samuel Gelston, Joseph Houston, John Bradner, Thomas Evans, Henry
Hook, Nathaniel Hubbill, Alexander Hutchinson, Gilbert Tenuent, Joseph
Webb, Archibald McCook, Adam Boyd.
Elders present : Messrs. Joseph Charleswortb, John Snowden, John Mont-
gomery, Archibald Smith, James Mitchell, John Hutten, Joseph Steel, James
Abraham, James Smith, Joseph Thomas, Jacob King, Samuel Allen, David
Lawson, Arthur Park.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Pumry, Eobert
Cross, Noyes Parris.
Mr. John Pierson was chosen moderator, and JMr. Thomas Evans clerk.
Mr. Craighead opened the Synod by preaching a sermon from 1 Tim. iv.
14, 15.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
21 day, at eight d clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and Orme, gave by letters the reasons
of their absence, which were sustained.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
Masters William Tennent, Conn, and Stewart, gave the reasons of their
absence last Synod, which were sustained.
Masters Jones, Andrews, Craighead, Anderson, Thomson, and the mode-
rator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business that
the Synod shall recommend to them.
Masters Bradner and William Tennent appointed to revise the Presbytery
book of New Castle. The Presbytery books of Long Island and Philadelphia
were not brought to the Synod, and the reasons thei-eof were sustained.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the Synod, it was found
that Mr. Andrews had brought somewhat.
The committee for the fund appointed to meet at three o'clock, post meri-
diem, together with the commission of the Synod.
A petition and other papers being brought into the Synod by Dr. Nicolls;
86 MIXUTES OF THE [1727.
tbey were road, and referred to the consideration of the committee to bring in
overtures upon them.
The transactions of the committee last year appointed to meet at Newark,
were brought in, read, and approved.
Masters Jones, Andrews, David Evans, Cross, Jonathan Dickinson, and
Pierson, appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
A letter was presented to the Synod from the ministers of Boston, in New
England, as also another from the Presbyterian congregation at New York,
referring to the ordination of Mr. Pemberton, and his settlement at New York,
and proposing his admission as a member of the Synod ; both which being
read, the consideration of that whole affair was referred to the committee to
bring in an overture upon it.
Adjom'ned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
22 day^ at eight d'cloclc, ante meridiem, post preces, sederunt qui sup>ra.
Overtured, upon the affair of the congregation at New York, That, although
the Synod, according to the representation then made to them, saw cause last
year to find fault with several parts of Dr. Nicoll's management with respect
to the public money belonging to the congregation there, yet inasmuch as the
body of that congregation have signified by their letter to this Synod, that they
are fully satisfied with the Doctor's accounts and conduct in that affair, the
Synod think they have no more to do in that matter, saving still the right and
privilege of the representatives or others, hereafter to remonstrate their dis-
satisfactions, if they have any, in a regular way before Presbytery or Synod;
which overture was approved of.
And as to the call and settlement of the Rev. Mr. Pemberton at New York,
the Synod does declare that the rules of our Presbyterian constitution were
not observed in several respects by that congregation in that matter. This
also passed by the Synod, nemine contradicente.
And it was put to the vote, Receive or delay the receiving of Mr. Pember-
ton as a member of this Synod ; and it was carried for delaying, which delay
did not flow from any disrespect to Mr. Pemberton, or any fault objected
against him, but from other reasons.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post me7'idiem.
Three 6'cJoch, P. 31. Post preces, sederunt qui supra.
The further consideration of the affair of New York defen'ed till to-morrow
morning.
Two letters were brought in, one from the party dissenting from Mr. Hous-
ton's congregation, and another from the said congregation, which were re-
ferred to the committee to bring in overtures upon them.
A supplication from a party of Mr. Boyd's congregation, referred also to
the committee for the same purpose.
The committee appointed to meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow, ante meridiem.
23 day. Ten d'cloch, ante meridiem. Post preces, sederunt qui supra.
The affair of New York continued. '^
The affair relating to Mr. Houston's congregation and the disaffected neigh-
bours, reassumed.
Overtured, upon the affair of Elk River, That inasmuch as although both
the Presbytery of New Castle and our Synod have condemned the proceed-
ings of that party, who have supplicated for a new erection, yet they appear-
ing constantly and firmly resolved not to be reconciled to that congregation as
a part of it, in order to attend God's worship in their old meeting-house, by
1727.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA, 8T
reason of feuds and differences arising between them and some of the mem-
bers of that congregation ; and inasmuch as the erecting of that party as a dis-
tinct separate congregation as yet, appears to have an evident tendency to
■weaken and disable, if not utterly destroy that congregation, by reason of the
paucity and poverty of the inhabitants of our persuasion there, partly by
reason of the ill situation of the new-meeting-house, which, upon supposition
of a new erection, will infer a necessity of joining a considerable part of Mr.
Houston's congregation with that new erection, the Synod being desirous of
taking healing as well as just measures to determine in that affair, do judge as
followeth, viz.
First, That that party be allowed to have a new meeting-house in some
part of their side of the congregation, yet still to remain a part of that con-
gregation until the Presbytery or Synod have more encouragement for a new
erection.
Secondly, That in order to this, the new meeting-house be removed to any
place above sis miles distance in a direct line from the old meeting-house,
which the said supplicants shall agree upon, and that it be seven miles from
any other.
Thirdly, That upon the compliance of said party with said terms, Mr.
Houston's congregation shall contribute to the removal of the said new meet-
ing-house in proportions to their subscriptions.
Or, that those supplicants shall be erected into a separate congregation as
soon as they, at their own expense, do remove their new meeting-house as
aforesaid, and that none that are now orderly members of Mr. Houston's con-
gregation, shall be received as members of said erection without the consent
of the congregation, or order of the Presbytery.
This overture was read before the Synod, and all parties being patiently
beard in what they had to offer upon it, and after considerable reasoning upon
the whole affair, parties being removed, it was put to the vote, whether this
overture should be approved or not, and it was carried in the affirmative unani-
mously, save only one dissentient.
Ordered, That no minister preach in the said new meeting-house while in
that place where it now is.
The committee appointed to meet at eight o'clock, Monday morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, Monday morning.
25 day, Monday, ten d'cloch, A. 31. 2^ost preccs, sederunt qui supra.
The affair of New York was reassumed.
Masters Andrews, Morgan, Jonathan Dickinson, Pierson, and Webb, ap-
pointed to be a committee to meet at New York to accommodate matters of
difference between that congregation and the Presbytery of Long Island, and
also any other differences that may be among themselves about their church
settlement, and particularly to receive Mr. Pemberton as a member of the
Synod, or not, as they shall see cause. As to the time of the meeting of the
said committee, it is determined that it shall be at such time as the congrega-
tion of New York shall agree upon, they giving reasonable notice to the mem-
bers of the committee, and the Presbytery of Long Island, that they may meet
there together.
Ordered, That a letter be writ to the congregation at New York by I\Ir.
Andrews and the moderator, and another to the Presbytery of Long Island by
Masters Anderson and Thomson.
And it was further Ordered, That the said committee shall write to Scot-
land, giving an account of the affairs of New York congregation, at their own
discretion.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
88 ' MINUTES OF THE [1728.
Three o'cIocJc, P. M. Post preces, sederunt qui supra.
A paper of protest was brought into the Synod, after all business was done,
by Messrs. Jones, David Evans, Webb, and Hubbell, which was ordered to
be kept in reientis.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, and then to meet
at Philadelphia.
1728.
September 18, 1728.
The delegated Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment.
Jjh i pjost preces sederunt
' Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, John Thom-
son, James Anderson, Joseph Morgan, George Gillespie, John Pierson, Wil-
liam Tennent, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Houston, Gilbert Tennent, Archibald
McCook, Adam Boyd, Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Pumry, Robert Cross,
Noyes Parris.
Elders: Messrs. John Budd, John Cochran, Archibald Smith, Richard
Allison, John Hutton, John Cross, Piobert Linton, 3Ioses Rolph, Roger Train,
Arthur Park, Nathaniel Hazzard, William IMore.
Mr. Andrews was chosen moderator, and Mr. Boyd was chosen clerk.
Mr. Pierson opened the Synod with a sermon upon 2 Tim. iii. 5.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
Masters Craighead, William Tennent, Anderson, Thomson, Cross, Dickinson,
and the moderator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other
business that the Synod shall recommend to them.
Masters Houston and Boyd ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Phila-
delphia.
Masters William Tennent and Pierson appointed to revise the Presbytery
book of New Castle.
The Presbytery book of Long Island was not brought, and the reason of it
was sustained.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that Mr. Anderson had brought somewhat. And it was recommended, that
the appointment in reference to the raising collections for the fund be carefully
observed for the future.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at eight o'clock, to-morrow,
arite merid. together with the commissioners of the Synod.
Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and Gillespie,
appointed to be the commissioners of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Ordered, That the committee appointed last year to go to New York, bring
in their minutes relating to that affair to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow, ante meridiem.
Idth dai/, ten o'clock, A. M. j^ost preces, sederunt qui supra.
Agreed that the interest of Mr. William Tennent's bond be remitted till
this time. Agreed to take Mr. Tennent's own bond for that money due to the
Synod for which Mr. McNish's estate was engaged.
Ordered that the committee meet at four o'clock.
Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid.
At Jive o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed last Synod to meet at New York, in order to
inspect into the affairs of that congregation, as also to consult about Mr. Pem-
berton's admission as a member of the Synod, having produced theij minutes,
1728.] SYNOD OF PIIILADELnilA. 89
and the said minutes being read and considered,* the following questions were
proposed to the vote of the Synod.
1. AVhether the committee had authority from the Synod to consider the
admission of Mr. Pemberton as a member of the Synod, without previously
* The minutes of the committee that met at New York, November 15, 1727.
New York, November 15, 1727.
According to the appointment of the Synod of Philadelphia, the committee for the affair
of the PresbyteriaQ congregation at New York, convened at New York the time above
mentioned, ubi post preccs sederunt, Messrs. Morgan, Pierson, Webb, and Jonathan Dick-
inson. Mr. Pierson chosen modei'ator, and Mr. Dickinson clerk.
Mr. Webb having at the Synod last sitting at Philadelphia, signed a protestation and
withal declared his purpose to join no more with the Synod, he does now before this
committee retract that his declaration of withdrawal from the Synod, and declare hia
future purpose of continuing a member of and joining with the Synod.
Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid.
At five o'clock, post merid. postpreces sederunt qui supra.
After hearing several debates between Dr. NicoU and some others that offered com-
plaints against Dr. Nicoll, the committee saw it necessary to put off the further consiJ-
eratiou thereof till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock.
IGth day at nine o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair between Dr, Nicoll and some others of this congregation being reassumed,
the Committee found it necessary to defer it till the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock, post merid.
At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee having used their endeavours to procure a reconciliation between Dr.
NicoU and Masters Liddell, Dlake, and Ingliss, and to have the ditlerences between them
relating to the Presbyterian church at New York amicably healed, have the satisfaction
and comfort of their coming now into an happy agreement on these following terms.
1. That Masters Liddel, Blake, and Ingliss, shall, as soon as with conveniency it can
be done, make over and convey all their right, title, and interest in the Presbyterian
church or meeting-house in New York, to the Rev. Masters William Mitchell, William
Wisheart, AVilliam Hamilton, Miller, and Hart, ministers in Edinburgh, in
North Britain, and to Dr. John Nicoll abovesaid, in trust for the use of the Presbyterian
Congregation in New York, and to and for no other use whatsoever. And that by the
same instrument of conveyance, they authorize and impower the Presbytery of Edin-
burgh, for the time being, from time to time, and at any time hereafter, to appoint and
put in trust, under their hands and seals, whomsoever they shall think proper, in the
room and place and with the full power and authority of any of the said gentlemen
above mentioned, upon his or their death, and of all of them successively upon their
decease.
2. That Dr. Nicoll do cancel and make void what bonds of the said Liddel, Blake, and
Ingliss, he has in his hands, either given to him by them, or assigned to him by any
others that were given on account of the said Presbyterian church or meeting-house iu
New York, and that he free and indemnify them from all former obligations to him on ac-
count of said church, and particularly from a bond conjunctly given by him and them
unto Mr. Samuel Bayard.
3. That the said Dr. Nicoll do give a bond of two thousand pounds to the above mentioned
ministers of Edinburgh, that neither he nor his heirs shall alienate liis or their right,
title, or interest, in the above mentioned church, or meeting-house, or the ground there-
iinto belonging, from the use of a Presbyterian congregation in New York, for ever. And
also that, as soon as the said Dr. Nicoll shall be paid and reimbursed what is due to him
on account of the said church, or meeting-huuse, and ground, that he will also make
over his right and interest in the said house and ground, to the above mentioned minis-
ters of Edinburgh, in the same form, and to the same intents and purposes as the said
Liddel, Blake, aud Ingliss, shall do. And also, that Dr. Nicoll shall oblige himself by a
bond of five hundred pounds, to be given to Masters John Pierson, Hubert Cross, aud
Jonathan Dickinson, that, notwithstanding his mortgage upon the said church, or meeting-
12
90 MINUTES OF THE [1728.
considering what the Presbytery of Long-Island had to offer in that affair. Car-
ried in the negative by a great majority.
2. Whether the Synod approve of the conduct of the committee with relation
to the divisions of the said congregation. Carried in the affirmative nemine
contradicente.
3. Whether Mr. Pemberton be allowed as a member of this Synod, by virtue
of what the committee has done. Carried in the negative.
4. Whether notwithstanding of all the irregularity that was in the accessioa
of Mr. Pemberton to New York, the Synod do now accept him as a member.
Carried in the affirmative nemine contradicente.
And it is left to Mr. Pemberton and the congregation, to join what Presby-
tery they shall think fit.
Diverse papers of complaint against Mr. Morgan were read, the consideration
of them deferred till to-morrow.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow, A. M.
20
Mr. Andrews opened the Synod with a sermon on Col. iii. 17.
Mr. Anderson chosen moderator, and Mr. Thomas Evans clerk.
Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow mornino-.
18 day, at eight o'doch, A. M. post preces sederunt qui siqjra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read.
In calling over the roll we found that since our last the Rev. Mr. Malachi
Jones heretofore a member with us, and the Rev. Mr. Archibald McCook,
were departed this life. '
_ The Synod inquiring into the reasons of the absence of Mr. Parris, were
mtomied that he is disorderly withdrawn, and gone to New England, under
the imputation of scandal, and it is ordered, that Mr. Dickinson do write a
letter to Boston relating the circumstances of said affair.
Masters Andrews, Dickinson, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Conn, Budd,
and the moderator, be a committee for the fund, or any other business that the
bynod shall recommend unto them.
Masters Houston and Bradner ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Phi-
ladelphia, and Masters Gilbert Tennent and Elmer to revise the Presbytery
book of New Castle. The Presbytery book of Long Island was absent.
Inquiry being made who had brought collection^ for the fund, it was found
that the members have been generally defective in that matter, and it was re-
commended that the appointment in reference to the raising collections for the
fund, be carefully observed for the future, and that the Synod's letter relatinreces sederunt qui suprra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Mr. Andrews having made a motion to the committee of overtures, that an
assistant be allowed unto him in the work of the ministry in this city ; and the
committee after discoursing upon it, having recommended the consideratioti
thereof to the Synod, upon this proviso, that if the said motion be allowed or
1733.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 105
approved, there be first a sufficient proTision made for an honourable main-
tenance of Mr. Andrews, during his continuance among this people ; the Synod
entered upon the consideration of said motion, and after considerable discourse
upon it, it was put to the vote, whether Mr. Andrews should be allowed to
have an assistant, if first sufiicient provision be made for his honourable main-
tenance during his life among them, and it was carried in the affirmative,
ncmi'ne coiitradicenie.
It is further Ordered, by the Synod, That the committee of overtures meet
this evening, and consult about what may be necessary to prepare a way for
putting the said motion into execution, as well as to prepare other business for
the Synod.
The committee ordered to meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning.
22 da}/. At ten d'clodc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui sxtpra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The committee reported that the afiair of Mr. Andrews's motion for an
assistant is yet under consideration.
Upon an overture to the Synod in pursuance of an order of the committeo
to that purpose, viz. to use some proper means to revive the declining power
of godliness, the Synod do earnestly recommend it to all our ministers and
members, to take particular care about ministerial visiting of families, and press
family and secret worship, according to the Westminster Directory, and that
they also recommend it to every Presbytery, at proper seasons to inquire con-
cerning the diligence of each of their members in such particulars.
Tliis overture was approved, nemine contradicenfe.
Ordered, That each Presbytery take a copy of said overture, together with
this order, and insert the same in their Presbytery books.
Upon an overture of the committee to the Synod, concerning a representa-
tion of Islv. Hugh Stevenson, respecting harsh and injurious usage which he
met with from some gentlemen in Virginia, the Synod ordered Mr. Stevenson
to lay a representation thereof before them, which he accordingly did in writ-
ing. And after hearing the same, and reasoning upon it, it was agreed that a
letter be writ by the Synod, and sent to the General Assembly of the Church
of Scotland, together with a copy of Mr. Stevenson's representation, in order
to use our interest with that venerable Assembly for our being assisted with
money from the societies for the propagation of religion, or elsewhere to enable
us to maintain some itinerant ministers in Virginia or elsewhere ; as also to
procure their assistance to obtain the favourable notice of the government in
England, so as to lay a restraint upon some gentlemen in said neighbouring
province, as may discourage them from hampering such itinerant ministers by
illegal prosecutions; and if it may be, to procure some assistance from his
majesty for our encouragement by way of rcyiiim donum.
Ordered, That Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, and Stevenson,
•write the above letter, and bring it into the Synod to be approved on Monday
morning.
Ordered, That the committee meet at eight of the clock on Monday
morning.
Adjourned till ten o'clock on jMonday morning.
« 2itJi dai/, at ten of the clock, A. M. j^ost jyreces sederunt qui supra.
An overture being brought in from the committee of overtures about the
ascertaining Mr. Andrews his maintenance, in case of an assistant, the Synod
had long discourse about the whole affair, and also had conference with some
14
106 MINUTES OF THE [1733.
gentlemen members of this congregation, and at last agreed upon the following
conclusion.
First, That the congregation be allowed to call an assistant to Mr. An-
drews.
Secondly, That in order to secure Mr. Andrews's maintenance, those gen-
tlemen who have expressed a desire of an assistant, shall not diminish, but
rather strive, and as much as may be, increase their own subscriptions to him
on their part ; neither shall they endeavour to alienate any of the present sub-
scription of the congregation from Mr. Andrews. And inasmuch as the pre-
sent subscription appears scanty, that all care shall be taken to get new sub-
scriptions to Mr. Andrews.
Thirdly, That he shall also have all the monthly collections.
This was agreed to, nemine contmdicente.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M.
At three of the cloch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered that the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
An overture from the committee upon a motion of a member of the Presby-
tery of Philadelphia, that the said Presbytery be divided into two Presbyteries.
The Synod approved of the said motion, and it is agreed that Messrs. Jedi-
diah Andrews, Morgan, Evans, William Tennent, Treat, Elmer, Goold, and
"Wales, be members of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and that the rest of the
members now in said Presbytery be the Presbytery of East Jersey.
Overtured, That something be allowed to the congregations of Basking-
ridge and Perth-Amboy, in pursuance of their applications for that purpose,
in order to assist them in defraying the charges of their meeting-houses. And
also something to a student. All which was referred to the committee of the
fund.
Overtured, That something be allowed out of the fund to three ministers'
widows, which was also referred to the committee of the fund.
Mr. Nutman representing to the Synod, the great difficulties he is fallen
under, as to his continuing pastor of the congregation of East-Hanover, by
reason of the division and discord between them and the people of West-
Hanover; they, viz: of West-Hanover being allowed by this Synod, to erect
themselves into a separate congregation, (in case, as per minutes of the Synod,)
the Synod considering the same, do earnestly recommend it to the Presbytery
of East-New-Jersey to travail with the people of West-Hanover and East-
Hanover, in order to prevail with them to agree upon conditions of reunion,
at least for a while, until they be better able to subsist apart. But if the Pres-
bytery's endeavours to this purpose should not have eifect, it is this Synod's
judgment, that a dismission may be granted to Mr. Nutman from the peo-
ple of East-Hanover, by the said Presbytery, upon his application for the
game.
IMasters Andrews, Thomson, Anderson, and Stevenson, brought in the letter
to be sent to the General Assembly of Scotland, which was approved of.
Ordered, That two copies of our letter from this Synod to the General
Assembly of the church of Scotland, be sent as per minutes, and that Mr.
Andrews is appointed to write and send one, and Mr. Stevenson the other.
Ordered, That a particular account of the state of the fund be prepared by
the commission of the Synod, in order to bring it in to our Synod next year,
to be inserted in our minutes.
Adjourned till the third AYednesday of September next, at two of the clock,
P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1734.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 107
1734.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
Sejjtc^uher ISth, 1734. Ubi post preces sedontnt
Ministers : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson,
John Pierson, Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Eleazar Wales, Joseph
Houston, Richard Treat, Daniel Elmer, William Tennent, Robert Cathcart,
William Orr, David Evans, Adam Boyd, Benjamin Campbell, Samuel Hemp-
hill, John Nutman, Gilbert Tennent, Jonathan Dickinson, John Cross, Ebe-
nezer Pemberton, Robert Cross, Samuel Pumry, Joseph Webb, Andrew
Archbold, James Martin, Robert Jamison, George Gillespie, Henry Hook,
Alexander Hutchinson, Ebenezer Goold.
Elders : Messrs. William Gray, Andrew Hamilton, Alexander McNight,
Robert Ingliss, James Smith, Charles Hufty, William Ramsey, W^illiam Blair,
David Patterson, James Abraham, James Cochran, Benjamin Beech, Matthias
Hatfield, Elias Bailies, Adam Renkin.
Mr. Ebenezer Pemberton was chosen moderator, and Mr. Daniel Elmer
clerk.
Mr. Houston, last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from
Matt. V. 16.
Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Anderson, Boyd, Gilles-
pie, Dickinson, and Robert Cross, appointed a committee for the fund, and any
other business the Synod shall recommend unto them.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow morning.
The committee appointed to meet at eight of the clock.
19 dai/, at ten o'cIocJc, post i^reces sederunt qui sup^'a.
The last year's minutes appointed to be read.
Ministers absent : Masters Bertram, Hugh Stevenson, Thomas Evans, Hugh
Conn, John Orme, William Stewart, Nathaniel Hubbell.
Mr. Bertram sent reasons of his absence, which were sustained. Messrs.
Pemberton, Dickinson, and Robert Cross, gave the reasons of their absence
last year, which were sustained.
Mr. Webb and Mr. Nutman appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
New Castle. Messrs. Orr and Campbell, to revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia. Messrs. Houston and Pumry, to revise the Presbytery book
of East Jersey.
The order with respect to the bringing the Presbytery book of Dunagall,
that was made last year, is renewed now.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections from their respective con-
gregations to the fund, it was found that Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Pierson,
Anderson, Houston, Treat, William Tennent, Cathcart, Orr, Evans, Boyd,
Webb, and Hutchinson, had brought something.
Masters Andrew.s, Anderson, Thomson, Gillespie, Robert Cross, Dickinson,
Pierson, Craighead, and the moderator, appointed to be the commission of the
Synod for the year ensuing.
IMr. John Cross having given the reasons of his withdrawing from the Synod
without liberty, the year before last, acknowledged the disorder thereof, which
acknowledgment was accepted by the Synod.
Inquiry being made with respect to the overture made last Synod, in order
to revive the decaying power of godliness ; and it being found that it has not
yet been fully put into execution, the Synod do not only renew the said order,
but earnestly obtest every of our brethren of the ministry, conscientiously and
diligently to pursue the good designs thereof.
Ordered, That the last year's minutes with relation to Mr. Nutman and the
people of Hanover, be fui-ther considered.
1Q8 MINUTES OF THE [1734.
Ordered, That tlie account of the state of the fund be brought in the next
sederunt. , , i ti at
Ordered, That the committee meet at three o clock, i . M.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M.
At four o'cIocJc, P. 31. post prcccs sederunt qui supra.
]\Iinutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read.
The affair of Mr. Nutman and Hanover continued.
The consideration of the state of the fund continued.
Adjourned to ten o'clock, to-morrow morning.
20 dety, at ten d clocl^^ post preces sederunt qui svpreu
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of Mr. Nutman further continued. The consideration of the state
of the fund further continued.
There being a petition from the people of Smithbury, that they may be put
under the Presbytery of East Jersey, the Synod complied with the said peti-
tion, and appointed that they belong accordingly to the said Presbytery.
The affair of Mr. Cross's transportation from Jamaica to Philadelphia
came under consideration, and accordingly the minutes of the commission of
the Synod, and of the committee appointed by the commission relating to that
affair being read, and the commissioners from Philadelphia and Jamaica being
heard at length, as to their reasons and arguments pro and con; as also Mr.
Cross having declared himself upon that affair, wherein he devolved himself
•wholly upon the determination of the Synod; and several brethren having
proposed queries in reference to the several arguments j^ro and crjn, in order
to greater light ; the Synod defer the further consideration of the whole affair
until the next sederunt.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M.
At tJiree o'cloeh, P. M. post preces scelerunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of Mr. Nutman continued. The affair of the fund also con-
tinued.
The affair of Mr. Cross's transportation from Jamaica to Philadelphia, came
again under consideration. Upon which it was proposed by a member of the
Synod, that inasmuch as it is suggested that there are not a few of this con-
gregation who desire not Mr. Cross's transportation to Philadelphia ; and that
this congregation may not be cut out of the right that they have, according to
our Presbyterian constitution, to offer their objections ; the Synod by a great
majority of votes agreed that this affair be deferred until to-morrow morning,
and that public advertisement be given this evening to this congregation, that
if there be any of this congregation, who have any thing to obje'ct against Mr.
Cross's being settled here at Pliiladelphia, they may appear and offer what
they have to say upon this afiliir, that the Synod may judge thereof before
they proceed to determine this momentous affair by vote.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning.
21 eJaij, at nine o'cloc/^; post preces seehimni qui supra.
The minutes of the last seelerunt ordered to be read.
The affairs of Mr. Nutman and the fund yet continued.
Some overtures brought in by Mr. Gilbert Tennent, deferred.
The affair respecting Mr. Cross's transportation from Jamaica to Phila-
delphia reassumed. And the Synod being deeply sensible of t«he great im-
portance of the present debate, appointed that a solemn prayer to" God for
17S4.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 109
assistance and direction be made before we enter upon the consideration of it,
and another prayer before we proceed to a vote, which were accordingly done;
and after the most critical examination of the affair, and the solemn imploring
the divine assistance, the matter was put to vote, and carried against Mr. Cross's
transportation.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M.
At four o^docJc, 2^ost preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Mr. Nutman's affair still continued; and the affair of the fund continued;
and the affair of Mr. Gilbert Tennent, respecting the overtures brought in by
him, continued till Monday, P. M.
The liev. Mr. Samuel Hemphill, being recommended by the Presbytery of
Straban, in Ireland, to all their reverend brethren, where the providence of
God shall call him, and he also bringing ample and satisfactory certificates
from the same Presbytery, of his qualifications for and ordination to the sacred
ministry, he is, upon his desire, admitted a member of this Synod, and recom-
mended to the regards and assistance of whichsoever of our Presbyteries his
abode shall be fixed among.
An appeal being brought in by Masters John Kirkpatrick and John Moor,
from the Presbytery of l)unagall, the Synod appointed that Messrs. Jedidiah.
Andrews, William Tennent, Richard Treat, Alexander Hutchinson, George
Gillespie, Thomas Evans, and Henry Hook, be a committee to meet at Not-
tingham on the first Wednesday of November next, to hear the said appeal,
and to determine it by the authority of the Synod, they bringing an account
of their transactions therein to the next Synod. And the Synod do also em-
power the said committee to hear any matter de novo, that shall be brought
before them by the said John Kirkpatrick and John Moor, with relation to the
aifair aforesaid, and authoritatively determine thereupon ; appointing also,
that if either party do appeal from the determination of the said committee,
they shall enter their appeal immediately, that it may be finally determined by
the next Synod.
Adjourned to Monday at ten o'clock, A. M.
23 dai/, at ten o'cIoc/>; A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of the fund yet continued.
Ordered, That Messrs. Anderson, Thomson, Dickinson, and Cross, draw up
an overture upon Mr. Gilbert Tennent's overtures, to be presented to the Synod
to-morrow morning.
Ordered, That the Synod make a particular inquiry during the time of their
meeting every year, whether such ministers as have been received as mem-
bers since the foregoing meeting of the Synod, have adopted, or have been re-
quired by the Synod, or by the respective Presbyteries, to adopt the West-
minster Confession and Catechisms with the Directory, according to the acts
of the Synod made some years since for that purpose, and that also the report
made to the Synod in answer to said inquiry, be recorded in our minutes.
Mr. Samuel Pumry, Mr. James Martin, Mr. Robert Jamison, and Mr.
Samuel Hemphill, declared for, and adopted, the Westminster Confession,
Catechisms, and Directory commonly annexed, the former as the confession of
their faith, and the latter as the guide of their practice in matters of discipline,
as far as may be agreeable to the rules of prudence, &c. as in the adopting acts
of this Synod is directed.
Pursuant to act of Synod, found upon inquiry that Mr. William Tennent,
junior, Mr. Andrew Archbold ordained, and Mr. Samuel Blair licensed, did
110 MINUTES OF THE [1734.
eacli and every of them declare their assent and consent to the Westminster
Confession and Catechisms, and Directory annexed, according to the intent of
the act of Synod in that case made and provided.
Resolved, That the affair of Mr. Nutman, from time to time continued, be
first considered the next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three o'doch, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of the fund continued.
Ordered, That Mr. Robert Cross, and the moderator, as soon as leisure will
permit, do write a letter to Col. Ogden, in return to his to the Synod bearing
date September 16, 1734.
The affair of Mr. Nutman and the people of Hanover resumed, and after
reading our last year's minutes, and Mr. Dickinson proposing a difficulty con-
cerning the obligation of the determination by the lot mentioned in said
minutes, whether the obligation of the said determination yet remains binding
upon said people, the Synod after much discourse and i-easoning about that
matter, at length came to a judgment in the following propositions.
1. That the Synod look upon the obligation of a determination of a difference
by a lot, to be sacred and binding upon the conscience, if the matter so deter-
mined be lawful and practicable, and consequently to act contrary thereunto
must be a very great sin.
2. That as the foundation upon which a lot is cast may cease, and the prae-
ticableness of acting according to the determination thereof may, in time, cease
also, (though for a time it may continue practicable,) in such a case we judge
that the obligation thereof doth cease also, because it can never be designed
that such an obligation should remain after the design thereof becomes either
impossible, or hath been fully obtained.
3. Our determination last year relating to the people of Hanover, did wholly
go upon this supposition, that the affairs of that people and their circumstances
were so far altered, upon representations then made to us, that we supposed
the foundation of said lot, and of the people's acting upon it were ceased,
which, whether it be certainly so or not, we do not peremptorily determine,
but leave parties to judge thereof as in conscience they can.
4. That however, as in our minutes last Synod, we disapprove of the use
of lots, without necessity, yet we are afraid, upon representation, that there
hath been much sin committed by many if not all that people, in their profane
disregard of said lot in time past, and therefore excite them to reflect upon
their past practices in reference thereunto, in order to their repentance.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning.
24 day. At nine d clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The affair of the fund continued.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent having brought some overtures into the Synod with
respect to the trials of candidates, both for the ministry and the Lord's Sup-
per, that there be due care taken in examining into the evidences of the grace
of God in them, as well as of their other necessary qualifications, the Synod
doth unanimously agree, that as it has been our principle and practice, and as
it is recommended in the Directory for worship and government, to be careful
in this matter, so it awfully concerns us to be most serious and solemn in the
trials of both sorts of candidates above mentioned. And this Synod does there-
fore in the name and fear of God, exhort and obtest all our Presbyteries to
take special care not to admit into the sacred office, loose, careless, and irreli-
1734.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. Ill
gious persons, but that they particularly inquire into the conversations, con-
duct, and behaviour of such as offer themselves to the ministry, and that they
diligently examine all the candidates for the ministry in their experiences of
a work of sanctifying grace in their hearts, and that they admit none to the
sacred trust that are not in the eye of charity serious Christians. And the
Synod does also seriously and solemnly admonish all the ministers within our
bounds to make it their awful, constant, and diligent care, to approve them-
selves to God, to their own consciences, and to their hearers, serious, faithful
stewards of the mysteries of God, and of holy and exemplary conversations.
And the Synod does also exhort all the ministers within our bounds to use due
care in examining those they admit to the Lord's Supper.
This admonition was approved by the whole Synod.
And the Synod does further recommend unanimously, to all our Presby-
teries, to take effectual care that each of their ministers are faithful in the dis-
charge of their awful trust. And in particular, that they frequently examine,
with respect to each of their members, into their life and conversation, their
diligence in their work, and their methods of discharging their ministerial call-
ing. Particularly that each Presbytery do, at least once a year, examine into
the manner of each minister's preaching, whether he insist in his ministry
upon the great articles of Christianity, and in the course of his preaching re-
commend a crucified Saviour to his hearers as the only foundation of hope,
and the absolute necessity of the omnipotent influences of the Divine grace to
enable them to accept of this Saviour; whether he do in the most solemn and
afi'ecting manner he can, endeavour to convince his hearers of their lost and
miserable state whilst unconverted, and put them upon the diligent use of
those means necessary in order to obtaining the sanctifying influences of the
Spirit of God; whether he do, and how he doth, discharge his duty towards
the young people and children of his congregation, in a way of catechizing and
familiar instruction ; whether he do, and in what manner he doth, visit his
flock and instruct them from house to house.
And the Synod hereby orders, that a copy of this minute be inserted into
the books of each of our Presbyteries, and be read at every of their Presby-
terial meetings, and a record of its being read minuted in said books at the
beginning of every session, and that there be also an annual record in each
Presbytery book of a correspondence with this minute.
And in case any minister within our bounds shall be found defective in any
of the abovementioned cases, he shall be subject to the censure of the Prcsby-
tei-y, and if he refuse subjection to such censure, the Presbytery are hereby
directed to represent his case to the next Synod. And the Synod recommends
to each of the ministers within our bounds to be as much in catechetical doc-
trines as they in prudence may think proper.
The Synod determines that no minister of our persuasion, in the govern-
ment of Pennsylvania, and the lower counties, from this time forward, marry
by any license from the governor, till the form of them be altered and brought
to a nearer conformity to those of the neighbouring governments of New York
and New Jersey ; and particularly till they are altered in such a manner as
hath no peculiar respect to the ministers of the Church of England, nor oblige
us to any of the forms and ceremonies peculiar to that church ; and do fur-
ther agree to refer it to the Presbyteries of New Castle and Donegall con-
junctly to make what regulations they see cause for upon the afiliir of licenses
with respect to their own members.
Adjoui-ned till three o'clock, P. M.
At three o'clock, P. 31. post preces sederunt qui supra.
An account of the fund being brought in, it appears that October the 22d,
112 MINUTES OF THE [1735.
1733, the sum total amounted to five hundred and seven pounds, sixteen shil-
lings and ten pence.
A reference being made by the Presbytery of New Castle to the Synod
concerning Mr. Gelston's suspension, upon the account of drunkenness and
some other crimes, the Synod finding Mr. Gelston to be absent, and seeing no
reason to take off the suspension, do continue it till our nest Synod.
The Presbytery books of Philadelphia, New Castle, and East Jersey, were
brought in and approved.
Ordered, That each Presbytery have a copy of these minutes, and of all
the minutes of the Synod annually, for the time to come, and that the clerk be
satisfied for writing the said copies out of the fund.
Ordered, That the commission of the Synod do take care of the fund.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of September next, at two o'clock, P. M.,
and then to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.
_ 1735.
At a Synod held at Philadelphia,
Sq)fcmlic7' VJth, 1735. TJhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thom-
son, Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Eleazer Wales, Joseph Houston,
Richard Treat, Daniel Elmer, Robert Cathcart, David Evans, Adam Boyd,
Jonathan Dickinson, John Cross, George Gillespie, Alexander Hutchinson,
Ebenezer Perabcrton, Robert Cross, Joseph Webb, Samuel Blair, Andrew
Archbold, Robert Jamison, Ebenezer Goold, Thomas Evans, Hugh Stevenson,
John Orme, Isaac Chalker, Hugh Carlisle, James Martin.
Elders : Messrs. James Gait, William Gray, William Whiteside, Andrew
Galbaith, John Latham, Nathaniel Britain, James Bravarb, Ephraim Logue,
David Griffith, Samuel Jack, Asa Gildersheve, William McMachin, Samuel
James, John Smith, Joseph Steel, William Bratten.
Ministers absent : Messrs. John Pierson, William Tennent, William Orr,
John Nutman, Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, junior, Samuel Pumry,
Simon Horton, Henry Hook, William Bertram, Hugh Conn, Nathaniel
Hub'bel.
Mr. Robert Cross was chosen moderator, and Jlr. Richard Treat clerk.
Mr. Pemberton, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon
on John xii. 2G.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning.
18 day, at nine of the clock, post preces sederunt qid supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Messrs. Pierson, Nutman, Conn, and Bertram, sent reasons of their absence,
which were sustained.
Ordered, That the last year's minutes be read.
Upon calling over the roll it was found that Messrs. Stewart and Campbell
are dead since our last Synod.
Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Craighead, Anderson, Boyd, Gillespie, Dickin-
son, Pemberton, and the moderator, appointed to be a committee for the fund,
and any other business the Synod shall recommend to them.
Messrs. Thomas Evans, Orme, and Stevenson, gave the reasons of their
absence last year, which were sustained.
Messrs. Pemberton and Dickinson appointed to revise the Presbytery book
of Philadelphia, and Messrs. Stevenson and Martin the Presbytery book of
Donegall.
The Presbytery books of New Castle and East Jersey not being brought are
ordered to be brought next Synod.
Inc^uiry being made who hud brought collections to the fund, it was found
1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 113
that Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Anderson, David Evans, Boyd, Dickinson,
"Webb, Thomas Evans, Gillespie, and Piersou, had got some.
IMessrs. Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pembcrton,
Pierson, Craighead, Thomas Bvans, and the moderator, appointed to bo the
commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Whereas the commission of the Synod did meet some time in April last.
Ordered, That an account of their proceedings be brought in after we have
finished the reading of the last year's minutes.*
* The committee met at Nottingham, according to, appointment of the last Synod, and
happily accommodated their differences, whose conduct was approved by the Synod, and
the account of the whole of this proceeding ordered to be recorded iu the Synod book,
both minutes and articles of agreement, which was as followeth, viz.
First, the minutes.
At a meeting of the committee appointed by the last Synod to meet at Nottingham, on
AYednesday, the Gth day of November, 1734, to settle some differences that had arisen
there, uU post preccs sederunt Mr. George Gillespie, Mr. Alexander Hutchinson, Mr.
Thomas Evans, Mr. Richard Treat, and Mr. Jedidiah Andrews.
Two of the members that were appointed, namely Mr. 'William Tennent, and Mr.
Henry Hook, were absent.
Mr. Andrews was chosen moderator, and Mr. Evans clerk.
Ordered, That the minutes of the Synod relating to the affair now depending, should
be read, which was accordingly done.
John Kirkpatrick being called, produced several papers relating to the matter of dif-
ference between him and Mr. Orr, which were read, as also the minutes of the Donegall
Presbytery relating to the said affair, and the committee after just entering upon the
affair, finding things too tedious to finish any thing this evening, defer the consideratioa
of the whole till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning.
1th day, at nine o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The matter of difference between John Kirkpatrick and jNIr. Orr being reassumed, and
the stated members of Donegall Presbytery being interrogated about their present sen-
timents, whether, upon a review, and more mature deliberation on said affair, they stood
upon a vindication of the whole of their judgment, they did all of them candidly declare
their mistake or error in two particulars. 1. In their not hearing and discussing John
Kirkpatrick's supplication as they should have done, which they judge might hurt the
whole affair. 2. In not giving him copies of some papers as he desired, which omissions
they say, were much owing to the want of time, and the disturbance things were in
among the people.
The committee in an interloquitur, in order to shorten matters, agreed to advise both
parties to try to moderate the differences among them, by choosing two indifferent per-
sons on each side to labour in the affair, which was done, and the whole afternoon was
gpent in it.
Adjourned to nine of the clock to-morrow morning.
8th day, at nine o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee inquired whether any thing was done by the persons that were chosen
bj- each party, in order to an accommodation, and found that they had drawn up certain
articles, which they thought reasonable for all parties to agree in, which, after much
jiains and diligence used by said persons, were consented unto publicly, by all parties,
and were approved of by the committee, unto the great joy and satisfaction of all con-
cerned.
On occasion of a motion made by one of the members, the committee thought fit to
declare, that though they utterly dislike a captious, querulous frame of spirit iuid car-
riage in any person or people, with respect to ministers and their preaching, yet they
hold that people have the privilege of a judgment of discretion upon what tliey hear in
the public ministry; which pi-ivilege we judge notwithstanding should be prudently and
soberly used, with regard to God's glory and the edification of his Church and people.
And whereas, some things have been uttered by Mr. Orr in his public ministry, which
have been thought by some, not so well guarded as they should have been, upon an im-
15
114 MIXUTES OF THE [1735,
Inquiry being made, according to the order of last Synod, whether those
admitted into any of our Presbyteries since last Synod have adopted the West-
minster Confession of Faith and Catechisms, &c. according to the adopting
act of the Synod, it was reported, that Messrs. Isaac Chalker, Simon Horton,
and Samuel Blair, ordained by the Presbytery of East Jersey, and Mr. Hugh
Carlisle, admitted into New Castle Presbytery, have done it in the several
Presbyteries according to the order aforesaid. And Messrs. Isaac Chalker
portant point of divinity, the committee does, in true brotherly Christian affection, re-
commend it to Mr. Orr, to be watchful and careful how he express himself on such mo-
mentous doctrines for the future, that all occasion of exception may be evaded.
Whereas John Kirkpatrick, Hugh Kirkpatrick, John Moor, and John Smith, repre-
sented to the committee that they laboured under some difSculty with respect to an ob-
ligation wherein they stand bound to make good Mr. Orr's maintenance, from which, in
order to preserve the present peace among them, they desire to be released, the com-
mittee recommended it to the congregation to get new bondsmen, and release the said
persons from the said obligation.
It being also represented by John Kirkpatrick and John Moor, that they are difiBculted
about a bond they stand bound in, for building the meeting-house, which should have
been paid before now, and for which they are in fear of being troubled, the committee
recommend it to the members of the congregation to take care to pay off said bond a3
soon as possible may be. Concluded with prayer.
Secondly, the articles of agreement.
Nottingham, 9br. 1th. 1734.
Whereas it is this day recommended by the Reverend Committee to the contending
parties, that they choose, each party, two persons to assist them to come to terms of
agreement, in order to put an end to the present tedious controversy in a way of mutual
concession and acknowledgment to each other, we, the persons chosen by the parties for
this purpose, having considered the proposals made by both parties to each other, have
agreed to make the following proposals to both parties, to be by them acquiesced in and
assented unto, otherwise the matter to be remitted to the cognisance of the committee,
as if no such proposals had been made.
Iwprimis. That Mr. Orr acknowledge, that inasmuch as by reason of his natural
temper, he is something liable to act with an appearance of too great an air of imperi-
ousness, so in some of his managements in the session, he might be faulty in that respect,
and is sorry if any thing of this kind hath given offence to John Kirkpatrick and adher-
ents, and resolves to guard against any thing of that nature for the future.
2. That Mr. Orr and the session do acknowledge, that they acted with too much lenity
towards William Edmeston, considering the circumstances of his sins, and resolve to act
with more exact severity for the future.
3. That the congregation acknowledge, that the method they took to deal with John
Kirkpatrick, &c. in subscribing such a paper containing such accusations against him
of lies, which were not proven, and also the bitter satirical style in which it was writ-
ten, was faulty and unjustifiable, and that they are heartily sorry for their so doing, and
resolve never to be guilty of the like again.
4. That William McGill be restored to church privileges, without inquiring into the
justice or injustice of his past censure.
5. That John Kirkpatrick, and all his adherents, be restored to their former gospel
privileges, so far as is agreeable to gospel rules.
6. That the substance of all the acknowledgment made by the members of this Pres-
bytery be recorded in the Presbytery book.
7. That John Kirkpatrick and his adherents acknowledge their rash and imprudent
manner of discoursing of Mr. Orr's doctrine, representing it as false and erroneous, and
likewise their abrupt and irregular breaking off from the session.
8. That if these articles be acquiesced in by both parties, that they also resolve and
promise, mutually to each other, industriously for the future to take care not to repeat
past matters of controversy, but bury all in oblivion, and endeavour by all proper means
to assist and cultivate true Christian charity and affection.
Lastly. That if these articles are agreed to, the same shall be published before the
committee, and the several parties shall publicly declare their acquiescence in them;
and after all, the contents hereof be recorded in the Presbytery book.
Thus of the business of Nottingham.
1735.] SYNOD OF nilLADELPIIIA. 115
and Hugh Carlisle not having seen the adopting act, have now had the same
read to them, and do now concur in their assent to the terms of the adopting
act.
Ordered, That each Presbytery have the whole adopting act inserted in their
Presbytery book.
Messrs. Pemberton and Cross did write to Col. Ogden, according to order
of last year, and he not being yet satisfied, and the case being further opened
by Mr. Webb, the Synod order Mr. Dickinson and Mr. Pemberton to bring ia
a letter for the Synod's approbation to be sent to him.
Adjourned till three of the clock, post merid. Concluded with prayer.
At three of the dock, post merid. post preces sederunt qui snpra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
The minutes of the last year not being yet finished, ordered to go on with
the reading of them.
There having been a complaint made by some members of the Presbytery
of East Jersey, that the Presbytery are incapable to comply with the excellent
design of the act of the last Synod, with respect to the trials of candidates for
the ministry, and of the fidelity of their own members in the discharge of their
ministerial trust, by reason that several of their members, and Mr. John Cross
in particular, neglect to attend the stated meetings of Presbytery, and that Mr.
John Cross has, without the concurrence of the Presbytery, removed from
one congregation to another : The Synod do declare that the conduct of such
ministers that do neglect attendance upon the meetings of the Presbytery
without necessity, or that take the charge of any congregation without the
Presbytery's concurrence, to be disorderly and justly worthy of Presbyterial
censure, and do admonish said Mr. Cross, to be no further chargeable with
such irregularities for the future.
The Synod esteeming the act of last year with respect to the trial of can-
didates for the ministry, and examining into the methods of our ministers' dis-
charge of their awful trust, to be of greatest moment and importance, do, iu
the strongest manner, exhort each Presbytery to an exact compliance with the
said act in all the parts of it. And do also exhort all the ministers within our
bounds, to take due care in the examination of all candidates for baptism, or
that offer to dedicate their children to God in that sacred ordinance, that they
are persons of a regular life, and have suitable acquaintance with the princi-
ples of the Christian religion; that that seal be not set to a blank, and
that such be not admitted to visible church relation that are manifestly unfit
for it.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning.
19 dat/, at nine o'docJc, A. M. post preces sederunt qui sujva.
The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read.
Upon reading last year's minutes relating to marriages by licenses, it is
supposed there may be some exempt instances wherein the restraints of that
act may be found too severe. The Synod therefore order, that each particu-
lar Presbytery shall have full liberty to determine upon, and direct in such
exempt cases as they shall think convenient ; provided always, that no min-
ister within our bounds shall be allowed to marry by license any members of
our established congregations, or others known to be of our communion, with-
out certificates from the minister of such congregation ; or in case of the
absence of the minister, or of the congregation being without a minister, from
some other substantial persons, that such marriage is regular, and that there is
no just bar in the way of it. And the Synod do recommend it to all their
members that shall be exempted by their Presbyteries and allowed to marry
116 MINUTES OF THE [1735.
by licenses, to use tlie greatest caution that they do not countenance any clan-
destine marriages, and especially that they do not marry any that they have
reason to suspect to go contrary to the minds of their parents and guardians in
seeking it.
Ordered, That the account of the fund be brought in before the conclusion
of this Synod.
The affair of Mr. Gelston's suspension coming under consideration, and
there being not time enough to issue it at present, the further consideration of
it deferred till our next sederunt.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'elocJx, P. 31. j^ost preces sederunt qui supra.
The minutes of the last scdertmt ordered to be read.
The affair of Mr. Gelston reassumed ; and the Synod having with all seri-
ousness considered the affair of Mr. Grclston, who has for some time past been
under suspension by the Presbytery of New Castle, which was the last year
continued by the Synod ; they observe to their great sorrow, that since his
suspension there are various and loud reports of his scandalous behaviour in
the High-Lands of New York, which we have too much reason to fear there is
some foundation for; we cannot, therefore, at present consent to the restoring
him to the exercise of his ministry, but are obliged to continue his suspension.
In the mean time we appoint that they that shall be ordered to attend upon the
ordination of 3Ir. Tudor of Goshen, do inquire into the truth of these reports
that have been spread abroad with respect to Mr. Gelston's conduct in these
parts, and to inform the Presbyteries of New Castle and Donegall conjunctly,
who shall have a discretionary power to restore Mr. Gelston if these reports
are found false, and Mr. Gelston give them good evidence of sincere repent-
ance ', otherwise to continue his suspension till the next Synod ; and that the
persons appointed give Mr. Gelston suitable warning of the time of their
meeting at Goshen, that he may be present if he sees cause. Approved ne-
mine contradicente.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
10th day, at nine o^chch, A. M. post preces sederunt qui snpra.
Ordered that the minutes of the last scderimt be read.
The reading of the minutes of the last year being finished, the Synod do,
according to a foregoing order, enter upon the consideration of the proceedings
of the commission last April, and order that the account of their proceedings
be laid before them ; which was done.
The further consideration of the affair of the commission deferred till Mon-
day morning. And it is ordered, that Mr. Hemphill be notified to appear then
before them if he sees cause, or has any thing to offer unto them.
A supplication being brought into the Synod from the people of Goshen,
and also a letter from Mr. Tador, a candidate of the ministry there, both sig-
nifying that he is ready to adopt the Westminster Confession of Faith, &c.,
and to submit to Presbyterian rules ; and also desiring that the Synod would,
as soon as possibly may be, send a committee to said place to attend the ordi-
nation of Mr. Tudor there : The Synod do accordino;]y appoint Mr. Robert
Cross, Mr. Pumry, Mr. Webb, Mr. Nutman, Mr. "john Cross, and Mr.
Chalker, to meet at Goshen the last Wednesday of the next month, October,
to attend said ordination, and Mr. Robert Cross to preside in said affair. And
the Synod do further appoint for the trials of Mr. Tudor, that he make an
exegesis in Latin upon that question, a/i lex naturai sit sufficiens ad sahitcm?
and that he preach a popular sermon upon Rom. xi. G. ' And the Synod do
1735.] SYXOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 117
order that tlie congregation be publicly notified of the appointment, by reading
this minute to them on the preeeditig Lord's day, that if any persons have
any thing to object against said proceeding, they may be prepared to lay it
before the committee.
Ordered, That the committee of the Synod meet at three of the clock, P. M.
Concluded with prayer.
Adjourned to ten of the clock, Monday morning.
22(? day at ten o'docJc, A. 31. post j^reces sederunt qui sit_pra.
Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read.
Upon calling over the roll, it being found that many of the elders have
gone home without leaving any reasons for their so doing ; the Synod do
order, that such elders as do withdraw from the Synod without leave, shall be
left to the censure of their sessions, and report made thereof to the next Synod.
And the Synod do recommend it to the several congregations to defray the
necessary charges that their elders be at during their attendance upon the
Synod.
The affair of the commission reassumed.
The Synod having notified Mr. Hemphill, that they intend this day to enter
upon his affair, and he not appearing but sending a disrespectful and contemp-
tuous letter in the following words :
" To the Kev. members of the Synod :
" By way of answer to the notification which I received Saturday last, I
have only to observe, that the dispute between the Synod and me being made
public in the world, which was first begun by the commission, what I have
at present to offer to the Synod, is contained in an answer to the vindicatioa
of the reverend commission now in the press, and will be speedily published,
and that I despise the Synod's claim of authority. Your humble servant,
'' Samuel Hemphill.
" Monday morning.
" P. S. I shall think you will do me a deal of honour, if you entirely ex-
communicate me."
The Synod, from the consideration of his contumacy in his errors, his dis-
regard of the censure of the commission, and rejecting our communion, do
declare him unqualified for any future exercise of his ministry within our
bounds, and that this be intimated to all our congregations by each respective
minister. Approved nemine contradicente.
The brethren appointed to justify the commission against any complaints
from Mr. Hemphill, if he should publish any such, having complied with the
commission's order in that matter, are desired by the Synod to continue to
answer any further publications of Mr. Hemphill's or his friends in that cause,
if they shall think it necessary. And it is ordered, that the charge of it shall
be defrayed out of the fund.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o^ clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui svj)ra.
The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read.
An overture being brought into the Synod from Mr. Hook, Mr. Steven.«on,
Mr. Jamison, and Mr. IMartin, desiring that they might be set ofl" from jNew
Castle Presbytery and erected into a Presbytery of themselves ; the Synod do
agree that they become a Presbytery under the name of the Presbytery of
Lewis-Town, and do order them to meet and constitute the 19th day ot No-
vember next, at Lewis-Town.
Upon a motion made by a member, the Synod do agree that if any of our
118 MINUTES OF THE [1735.
raembers shcall see cause to prepare any thing for the press upon any contro-
versy in religious matters, that before such member publish what he hath thus
prepared, he shall submit the same to be perused by persons to be appointed
for that purpose, and that Messrs. Andrews, Dickinson, Robert Cross, Pem-
berton, and Pierson, be appointed for this purpose in the bounds of the Synod
to the northward of Phihidelphia; and Messrs. Anderson, Thomas Evans,
Cathcart, Stevenson, and Thomson, in the bounds of the Synod southward of
Philadelphia. Any three of each committee to be a quorum. Approved.
An overture from — — , humbly offered to the consideration of the reverend
Synod.
The present state of the church of Christ, in respect of the great and almost
universal deluge of pernicious errors and damnable doctrines that so boldly
threaten to overthrow the Christian world, doth, we think, afford matter of
very deep and serious exercise unto all considering persons, who have the
interest of our Lord's kingdom at their heart ; and were it not for the sure, firm,
and comfortable promises contained in the infallible records of truth, the pre-
sent appearance of things might be thought to presage a most fatal subversion
of the kingdom of our Lord, by the success of the kingdom of darkness against
it, and so discourage and dispirit the hearts of the true friends and loyal sub-
jects of our exalted Lord. But blessed be his name, he is still King in Zion
and to the ends of the earth, and will not suffer this so grievous an evil to pre-
vail one handsbreadth further nor one minute longer than the measure and time
appointed for it; for known unto God are all his works from the creation of
the world.
However, it would seem that the present obvious state of things doth call
for something at our hands, more than in a time of prevailing truth and purity
in the church. It should seeiL that when so many wolves in sheep's clothing
are invading the flocks of Christ every where in the world, we who are pas-
tors by office and station should exert ourselves in an active and vigilant man-
ner for the safety and preservation of our flocks committed to our care, from
the assaults of these devouring monsters that are numei'ous abroad in the
world. Surely the late bold assault that hath been made upon us, though
blessed be God, without the desired and expected success, as yet, should put
us to our arms and excite us with care and diligence to put ourselves in a pos-
ture of defence against all future attempts.
To this purpose we would humbly propose the following overture as an
expedient to prevent the evil of such attempts, viz : That seeing we are likely
to have the most of our supply of ministers to fill our vacancies from the north
of Ireland, and seeing it is too evident to be denied and called in question, that
we are in great danger of being imposed upon by ministers and preachers from
thence, though sufficiently furnished with all formalities of Presbyterial cre-
dentials, as in the case of Mr. H 11 ; and seeing also what was done last
year may be done this year and the year following, viz : we are still liable to
be imposed upon by such credentials ; upon these and the like considerations,
we humbly overture to this reverend Synod, to make an order to the following
purpose :
1st. That no minister or probationer coming in among us from Europe, be
allowed to preach in vacant congregations until first his credentials and recom-
mendations be seen and approven by the Presbytery unto which such con-
gregation doth most properly belong, and until he preach with approbation
before said Presbytery, and subscribe or adopt the Westminster Confession of
Faith and Catechisms, before said Presbytery, in manner and form as they
have done ; and that no minister employ such to preach in his pulpit until he
see his credentials, and be satisfied, as far as may be, of his firm attachment
to said Confession, &c., in opposition to the new upstart doctrines and
1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 119
schemes, particularly such as we coudemned in Mr. II ll's icrraons. And
lest some strangers might suffer by the rigorous observation of this order, let
it be thus qualified, viz : That the moderator and two of the members of each
Presbytery be appointed as a standing committee to act presbyterially in that
affair as there may be occasion, and to be accountable to their respective Pres-
byteries.
2dly. That no congregation be allowed to present a call to any such minister
or probationer coming in among us, though never so well certified, until he have
preached at least one full half year within the bounds of this Synod.
3dly. That no congregation be allowed to present a call to any minister or
candidate whatsoever, unless some of the brethren, members of the Presbytery
unto which said congregation doth belong, have been present with said people
to concur with them and moderate in said call, having been previously appointed
thereunto by the Presbytery, and that no minister take upon him to moderate
in such a case without such an appointment.
4thly. That no student be received to enter upon trials, in order to his li-
censing to preach, until he first repair unto the dwellings or lodgings of at least
most of the ministers of the Presbytery to which he oSers himself, and thereby
give them an opportunity to take a view of his parts and behaviour.
5thly. That the Synod would bear testimony against the late too common,
and now altogether unnecessary practice of some Presbyteries in the north of
Ireland, viz : their ordaining men to the ministry sine tltulo, immediately before
they come over hither, thereby depriving us of our just rights, viz : that we
unto whom they are designed to be co-presbyters, and among whom they design
to bestow their labours, should have just and fair inspecting into their qualifi-
cations ; we say that it seems necessary that the Synod bear testimony against
such practice by writing home to the General Synod, thereby signifying our
dissatisfaction with the same. And further, that in said letter or writing to the
General Synod of Ireland, that we earnestly desire, that when ministers or pro-
bationers are about to come from thence to us, they would besides their Pres-
byterial credentials, procure also private letters of recommendation from some
brethren there, who are well known to some of our brethren here, to be firmly
attached to our good old principles and schemes, inasmuch as the instance of
Mr. H 11, and some other considerations to the same purpose, make u.s
afraid lest we may again be imposed upon by men of his stamp, though furnished
with all the formalities of Presbyterial credentials. The Synod do agree that
no minister ordained in Ireland sine titulo, be for the future received to the ex-
ercise of his ministry among us, until he submit to such trials, as the Presby-
tery among whom he resides, shall think proper to order and appoint. And
that the Synod do also advertise the General Synod in Ireland, that the ordain-
ing any such to the ministry sine titulo, before their sending them hither for the
future, will be very disagreeable and disobliging to us. And the Synod ap-
point Mr. Robert Cross, 3Ir. Thomson, and Mr. Houston, to send the above
overture and appointment to the General Synod in Ireland, inclosed in a proper
letter unto them.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
23c? day, at nine dcloclc, A.M. post preces sederunt qui svpra.
A reference coming into the Synod from the Presbytery of East-Jersey,
complaining of John McNeal's disingenuous conduct in relation to the settle-
ment of Mr. Chalker in Bethlehem, and a supplication from said McNeal,
containing several complaints against said Presbytery, in reference to their
conduct in that affair, with several other papers from several parties concerned
joQ MIXUTES OF THE [1735.
therein, whicli were read, and all parties being heard what they had to oiler,
they were removed. And the Synod entering upon the consideration of the
affair, do agree that Messrs. Thomson, Thomas Evans, Treat, and Martin, do
meet and prepare an overture upon the whole, and bring it in to the Synod as
soon as possible.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M.
At three of the clock, P. M. postpreces sederunt qui supra.
The members appointed to bring in an overture upon the affair of John
McNeal above mentioned, did accordingly do it; and the Synod, after much
discourse, do agree in the following particulars.
1st. That from what appears to us, the jealousies which John McNeal had
conceived concerning Mr. Chalker, as being averse from conforming to the
order of the Synod in respect of our adopting the Westminster Confession,
"were altogether groundless.
i 2dly. It appears more than probable, that these groundless jealousies too
industriously spread and propagated among the people of Wallkili, have been
a principal cause of all the difference which hath fallen out between them and
Mr. Chalker.
odly. That John IMcNeal hath acted a very disingenuous and sinful part,
in seeming to concur with and approve of the motion of ordaining Mr. Chalker
at New York, and then immediately after to practise upon the people of Wall-
kill at home, to discourage them from adhering to their formerly declared
desires of having Mr. Chalker settled among them. The degree of censure to
be a rebuke from the Moderator.
4thly. That as we can see no ground of charging the people of Bethlehem
or Mr. Chalker with breaking of covenant with the people of Wallkili, so we
are of the mind that what of that kind the people of Wallkili were guilty of,
which principally appears in their letter or remonstrance to the Presbytery,
was chiefly if not wholly owing to John McNeal's industrious spreading his
jealousies as above, and possessing the people of Wallkili with them.
5thly. That seeing Mr. Chalker did transport his family from Long-Island
to the High-Lands, being encouraged thereto by the people of Wallkili, as
well as Bethlehem, with a view of being fixed as pastor of both congregations ;
therefore we judge that in justice, that people are obliged to contribute accord-
ing to agreement, to the discharging the expenses of said transportation, be-
sides satisfaction for the supplies which he gave. And we earnestly exhort
said people to comply with the design of this minute, that so they may clear
their own way, for their being regularly provided with a minister as their cir-
cumstances will afford, which we judge they are not qualified for, until they,
or as many of them as will be a competent congregation, fit to join in the call-
ing of a minister, shall comply with this order; yet, in the mean time, we
judge them capable of being supplied by preaching, and not to be excluded
from sealing ordinances. We also earnestly exhort them to lay aside all their
jealousies and prejudices arising therefrom, and cordially accept of Mr. Chalker
for their pastor, according to the first agreement, until such time as they may
be in a better condition to support a minister of their own.
Gthly. The Synod do also think the Presbytery was too hasty in their pro-
ceeding to Mr. Chalkcr's ordination in so short a time after the presentation
of his call and trials, and cannot approve of its being performed at such a dis-
tance from the people where he was to officiate.
The abovemcntioned rebuke was given by the moderator, according to order,
and said McNeal professed submission to it.
A supplication being brought in by the people of Gloucester, representing
1735.] SYXOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 121
their sad and deplorable circumstances, and desiring the Synod to provide them
a minister and some supplies, the Synod recommended it to the consideration
of the Presbytery of Philadelphia to look after that afiair, and use their dili-
gence to send for a minister for them as speedily as they can, and in the mean
time to provide them all possible supplies.
A supplication being brought into the Synod from one part of the Presby-
terian congregation of Philadelphia, desiring Mr. llobert Cross to be granted
them for their minister, with another paper to strengthen the supplication ;
and also another supplication from another part of said congregation, desiring
Mr. Jonathan Dickinson to be their minister; the Synod not having time to
issue that affair at the present, do defer the consideration of it till to-morrow
morning.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
24:tJi day, at nine d' dock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication being brought into the Synod by John Boyd, by way of an
appeal from the Presbytery of Donegall, in a complaint against Samuel Jack ;
the Synod do commit it to Messrs. Andrews, Treat, David Evans, Gillespie,
Houston, and Thomas Evans, to go to the Upper Octorara the last Tuesday
of October, and consider and determine of the business, and that any three of
these to be a quorum ; and it is recommended to the ministers to take elders
with them if they can.
The Presbytery book of Donegall was brought in and approved.
The affiiir of Philadelphia reassumed, and after much discourse upon the
affair, the further consideration of it deferred till next sederunt.
The west part of Hanover having applied to the Synod for the ordination
of Mr. Cleverly, the Synod do order it to be left to the Presbytery of Phila-
delphia.
The persons appointed to bring in a letter to be sent to the Synod of Ireland,
brought in said letter and it was approved.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d'doch, P. M. post preces sederunt qui sup>ra.
The letter to Col. Ogden to be brought in by Messrs. Pemberton and Dick-
inson, was brought in and approved.
An account of the fund was brought in according to a foregoing order, and
the sum total found to be five hundred twenty-four pounds, eighteen shillings
and five pence.
The affair of Philadelphia reassumed, and a new supplication being brought
into the Synod from that part of the congregation which desired Mr. Cross
for their minister, desiring to be erected into a new congregation, capable to
call a minister for themselves ; the motion being entirely new to the Synod,
and the parties not being prepared to go on in that matter, they do defer the
consideration of it till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till eight of the clock to-morrow morning.
Concluded with prayer.
25^7i day, at ciglit o' clod-, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Philadelphia reassumed. John Frame produced the subscrip-
tion of a considerable number of hands to the supplication put in j-esterday,
and all parties were heard what they had to say at length, in reference to the
16
122 MINUTES OF THE [1736.
whole affair, and they being removed, the Synod spent considerable time in
debate upon the affair, and at last agreed that it should be put to the vote,
a new erection or not; and it was carried in the affirmative by a great majo-
rity. Mr. John Soiith, of Bethlehem, in the High-Lands of New York, de-
sired that his dissent might be entered in our minutes.
The Presbytery book of Philadelphia was brought in and approved.
Adjourned till two o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At two of tJie cIocJc, P. 31. Post preces sedenmt qui supra.
A motion being made by some members of the congregation of Philadel-
phia, showing their great dissatisfaction at the judgment of the Synod in erect-
ing them into two separate congregations, and desiring they would review the
affair, the Synod having reasoned much upon the matter at last came to agree
that the judgment should be reviewed ; and, accordingly, the Synod, in order
to their obtaining of more light, took occasion to discourse with several per-
sons of both parts of the congregation, and then all parties being removed, it
was put to the vote, whether we should reverse the judgment whereby we
erected a part of this congregation into a distinct society, and it was carried in
the negative. Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Webb, Elmer, Chalker, and
"Wales, desired their dissent to be entered in our minutes ; and then, after some
discourse, the Synod do agree, that the above judgment is not to be under-
stood as designed to oblige said people to erect themselves now into a distinct
society, but only that the Synod allow them so to do. And if said people
shall see cause to continue united with the other part of the congregation as
heretofore, they are also at their liberty. The Synod do also agree, that if
said new erected congregation shall think fit to put the above granted liberty
of being erected, into practice, then they are to notify the moderator of the
commission, who upon such notification is hereby ordered to call the commis-
sion together as soon as conveniently may be, to order supplies for said new
erection, and to give them directions as they shall judge meet for their being
provided with a minister.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of next September.
Concluded with prayer.
1736.
At a meeting of the Synod,
7h\ 15, 1736. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson,
James Anderson, Richard Treat, Joseph Houston, Robert Cathcart, Adam
Boyd, Robert Cross, Robert Jamison, Ebenezer Goold, Hugh Stevenson, Hugh
Carlisle, James Martin, William Bertram, Alexander Craighead, John Paul,
William Tennent, William Tennent, junior, David Evans.
Elders : Messrs. William Clray, Andrew Hamilton, James Cook, Charles
Hufty, Robert McCleland, William Mitchell, John Allen, James Galbreath,
William Sharron, Richard Walker, John Henderson, Daniel Wescott,
Ministers absent : Messrs. (lillespie, Pumry, Dickinson, Pierson, Webb,
Pemberton, Hubbell, Horton, John Cross, Chalker, Gilbert Tennent, Blair,
Wales, Morgan, Thomas Evans, Hook, Hutchinson, Conn, Orme, Glascow,
Nutman.
Mr. Adam Boyd chosen moderator, and Mr. John Thomson clerk.
Mr. Robert Cross, last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on
1 Cor. iii. 11.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock.
1736.] SYXOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 123
16 day, at eight of the doch. Post preces sederunt qui siqna.
It being reported by the Presbytery of Donegal!, tbat Mr. Orr having ob-
tained a dismission from- his congregation, did soon after disorderly desert the
bounds of that Presbytery as a fugitive of discipline, it is ordered, that his
name be rased out of the catalogue.
No reasons appeared for Mr. Gilbert Tennent's last year's absence.
Mr. Hook sent a letter of excuse for his absence, which was not sustained.
The members of that Presbytery are ordered to intimate to Mr. Hook that
if, for the future, he shall absent himself in liliC manner, unless his reasons be
more weighty, he will be noticed with more severity.
No reasons appeared for Mr. Hubbell's absence last year, nor for Mr. Gil-
bert Tennent's and Pumry's.
Reasons for Mr. Pierson's, Mr. Gilbert Tennent's, Blair's, Morgan's, Thomas
Evan's, absence now, were sustained.
Messrs. Anderson, Thomson, Andrews, Jamison, Houston, Robert Cross, and
the moderator, be a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod
shall recommend to them.
The Presbyterial books of the Presbyteries of New Castle, Donegall, Lewis,
and East Jersey, were not brought.
Mr. Cathcart, and Mr. Tennent, junior, ordered to revise the Presbytery
book of Philadelphia.
Messrs. Thomson, Anderson, Houston, Cathcart, Martin, Alexander Craig-
head, William Tennent, senior and junior, report that they have brought
something for the fund.
The Synod taking notice that whatever members of the Synod bring to the
fund those years wherein they attend the Synod, there is no care taken by any
of them to procure and send any contributions thereunto those years in which
they are absent ; and in order to make up this defect, the Synod orders that
every Presbytery within our bounds, oblige their respective members to be
provided with their respective contributions in due season, before the meeting
of the Synod yearly, in order that if any of their members should be neces-
sarily absent from the Synod, their contributions may, notwithstanding, be
sent to the Synod.
Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton,
Pierson, Thomas Evans, Robert Cross, Martin, and the moderator, are ap-
pointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
The Presbytery of Donegall report that Mr. Alexander Craighead was last
winter ordained to the work of the ministry, and at that time did adopt the
"Westminster Confession of Faith, &c. ; and also, both he and Mr. John Paul,
lately from Ireland, having now heard the several resolutions and acts of the
Synod in relation to the adopting said Confession, &c. did, before the Synod,
declare their agreement thereunto. Also Mr. John Madowell, a probationer
from Ireland, producing his credentials from the Presbytery of Temple Pat-
rick, and session of Dunagor, together with various letters of recommendation
from several brethren of note in the north of Ireland, all which were sustained
and approven, and accordingly he was received by the Synod as a probationer,
and recommended to the kind entertainment and encouragement of any Pres-
bytery within our bounds to which he may be disposed to offer himself
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the end of the
session.
The members who were appointed last year by the Synod to inquire into
the scandalous reports of Mr. Gelston's misbehaviour in the High-Lands of
New York, did as appointed, and sent an account of what discovery they
could make of those matters to the Presbyteries of Donegall and New Castle,
124 MINUTES OF THE [1736.
who some time after met, and did take off the suspension from Mr. Gelston
and restore him again to the exercise of his ministry. Mr. Cross also, toge-
ther with the members of the committee appointed to take JMr. Tudor's trials,
viz. Messrs. Pumry and Chalker, &q. did meet according to appointment, but
did not ordain said Mr. Tudor, because of his insufficiency. Mr. Webb, Mr.
Nutman, Mr. James Cross, being appointed members of said committee did not
attend.
The Presbytery of Lewis did erect themselves according to order of Synod
last year.
It is reported by the Presbytery of Lewis that Mr. Patrick Glasen, after
passing through ordinary trials, and adopting the Westminster Confession,
&c. was licensed to preach the gospel, and in pursuance of a call from the peo-
ple and congregation of Monokin, in Somerset, in Maryland, and after the
usual steps and trials in such cases, and a reported declaration of his adopting
the Westminster Confession, &c. he was ordained a minister of the gospel and
pastor of said people of Monokin.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three of the clock, P. M. Post jj^eces sederunt gtd supra.
The account of the fund not yet brought in.
It is reported by the members of New Castle Presbytery that Mr. Andrew
Archbold being under a fatna clamosa of uucleanncss with a certain young
woman of his own congregation, and the Presbytery meeting, pro re nata, on
that occasion, and not having light to come to a judgment at first, appointed
therefore another meeting the week following, to inquire further into the truth
of said report, but Mr. Archbold not appearing to justify himself, and a depo-
sition of another young woman in the neighbourhood signifying that she waa
with child by him, with many other presumptions of guilt ; upon this the
Presbytery laid him under suspension until he should appear and justify him-
self, since which time he hath wholly absconded.
The committee appointed to meet at Upper Octorara to inquire into the
merits of an appeal of John Boyd, of said Octorara, from the judgment of the
Presbytery of Donegall, did meet according to appointment, and produced the
minutes of their proceedings in that affair, which were read and approved, and
ordered to be kept in retentis.
The proceedings of the commission of the Synod, which met here in June
last to act in the affair of the new erected congregation in this city, are ordered
to be inserted into our minutes, and are as folio we th.*
* At a commission of the Synod held at Philadelphia,
On the 11th day of June, 1736. Post prcces sederunt.
Messrs. Robert Cross moderator, .John Thomson, James Anderson, and Thomas Evans,
members present. Thomas Evans chosen clerk.
l^Iessrs. .Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, George Gillespie, Jonathan Dickinson,
Ebenezer Pemberton, and John Pierson, absent.
A letter of excuse being come to hand from Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, and Pember-
ton, for their absence, was read, and the reasons of their absence sustained.
The commission now meeting, at the instance of the people allowed to form themselves
into a new erection, it was ordered, that the minutes of our Synod relating to said erec-
tion, be read, which was done.
A supplication from the said erection, or separate society, in Philadelphia, being pre-
sented to the commission, wherein representing the unsuccessfulness of the endeavours
they had hitherto used in order to a i-e-union with the other part of the congregation,
they requested for supplies. The commission judging that a re-uniou of said separate
1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 125
The appointments of the Synod in reference to supplying the new erection,
were fulfilled.
A supplication from the people of the new erection in this city desiring us
to appoint one of our members to moderate in their drawing up a call to
Bociety witli the rest of the congregation, if it could be possibly obtained on satisfactory
terms to both parties, is much more desirable, as things now appear, thought it expedient
to defer the consideration of said request for supplies, until some proper measures be
taken to make a trial towards the desired re-union. Accordingly, upon our significatiou
of this our mind to the party present, and our pressing them to do their part towards
said re-union, they condescended so far as to declare a willingness to have a conference
with the other part of the congregation on that head. Upon which it was agreed, iu
order to obtain said conference, that Messrs. Cross and Evans should acquaint Mr. An-
drews, and some of the principal members of the other part of the congregation, with
our desire of the same, and that every member of the commission should use their en-
deavours as opportunity offers towards efl'ecting said union.
Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
18(h day, at ten of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Craighead being now present gave the reasons of his absence yesterday, which
were sustained.
Upon reading yesterday's order of acquainting Mr. Andrews, and some others of his
now congregation, with our desire of using endeavours in order to make trial for the
aforesaid re-union, the moderator reported that he and Mr. Evans had been with Andrews
as appointed, and that Mr. Andrews heartily approved of the design, and accordingly
fell iu with it so far as to offer to propose the same to the members of his committee,
which he did, and they, upon Mr. Andrews's motion, met, and after some conference
among themselves about the matter, the result they came to was sent in writing to Mr.
Andrews, in order to acquaint us with the contents thereof, the copy whereof is as fol-
loweth, viz.
Philadelphia, June 18th, 1736.
The committee thinks it very strange that the commission of the Synod, who were
called here without the knowledge of the committee, should send any messages to the
committee concerning the uniting the two little congregations of Presbyterians iu this
city, (though a thing much to be desired by all good men,) because the committee have
lately been informed that the sole business of the commission now was to appoint minis-
ters to preach to the congregation which the Synod most deliberately gave leave to sepa-
rate and make a new erection. And the committee are also informed that the said con-
gregation have provided a place which they are at this time fitting up for their purpose,
and it is still more strange, considering the major part of the commission were the most
active in contriving and bringing about the separation, notwithstanding some members
of the committee pleaded so much against it, and showed such a dislike to their proceed-
ings. And the committee are of the opinion, that they should not interfere with an affair
belonging to another congregation.
A copy of the result of the committee sent by John Snowden, William Gray, William
Spafford, George Sharswood, Thomas Powell, Edward Shippen.
The commission having read and considered the above result, do judge the import
thereof to be, that the committee does look upon those persons who were allowed by the
last Synod to erect themselves into a separate society, to bo a distinct congregation from
them, and therefore decline to have any conference with them in order to re-union.
The commission having deliberately considered the circumstances of the whole affair,
do conclude that, (at least at present,) there is no probability of a re-union between the
old congregation of this city and the new erection, and therefore do conclude that our
way is now clear to order supplies to the said new erection, in compliance not only with
the direction of the Synod in September last to that purpose, but also the earnest and
repeated desires of said people, they having been industrious to prepare a house for the
public worship of God among them.
Adjourned till four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Atfouro'clocli, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication from the abovesaid new erection, requesting that they might be supplied
12(3 • MINUTES OF THE [1786.
a minister, was read, tlie consideration of which deferred till to-morrow
morning.
A paper from Mr. Henry Hunter, representing grievances in his present
condition, and desiring the Synod's advice and assistance in reference thereunto,
was produced and read, the consideration hereof deferred till to-morrow.
A supplication from the people of Paxton and Derry to the Synod, is re-
ferred to the committee of the fund, &c. which is to meet at eight o'clock, to-
morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
Vttli day, at ten d'doch, post preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund is not yet brought in.
The supplication from the new erection in this city came under considera-
tion, and after some reasoning about the matter, it being put to the vote
whether their request should be granted, it was carried in the afBrmative by a
great majority, and Mr. Thomson was appointed to moderate and assist that
people in drawing up a call to any minister about whom they shall agree.
Mr. Hunter's affair came under consideration, and his paper was read a
second time. Ordered, That the minutes of the Presbytery of Lewis be
also read, which was done. Both Mr. Hunter and the members of the Pres-
bytery of Lewis, offered a great deal in order to clearing the matter. After
some debates it was moved, that all but members should remove, and then the
Synod entered upon a serious debate about the whole affair. Mr. Hunter
being called in and being interrogated, produced his credentials, which were
known by some persons present to be genuine. It is recommended to Mr.
Andrews, Mr. Anderson, Mr. Elmer, and Mr. Thomson, to endeavour to
draw up an overture upon the whole affair, to be brought in against the after-
noon.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At tliree o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund not yet brought in.
The members appointed to draw up an overture on Mr. Hunter's affair,
report that they have not done any thing in that affair, on account that they
did not agree in their judgments. The further consideration of that affair
deferred till afterwards.
An overture of the committee upon the supplication of the people of Paxton
and Derry, was brought in and is as followeth. That the Synod do declare,
that inasmuch as we understand that many persons of our persuasion, both
more lately and formerly, have been offended with some expressions or dis-
tinctions in the first or preliminary act of our Synod, contained in the printed
until next Synod by the Rev. Messrs. Eobert Cross, James Anderson, and Francis Ali-
son, or any others whom the commission should think proper. It was ordered, that
Messrs. Anderson and Cross supply them next Sabbath, and Mr. Cross the next Sabbath
following, Mr. Alison the four Sabbaths in July, Mr. Paul the three first Sabbaths of
August, Mr. Black the two last Sabbaths of August, and the first Sabbath of September,
Mr. Cross the second Sabbath of September.
Ordered, That tlie moderator write a letter to Messrs. Alison, Paul, and Black, to ac-
quaint them with these appointments.
The people of the new erection being called in, and the above orders being read in
their hearing, they cheerfully and thankfully acquiesced in the same, and being exhor-
ted by the moderator to behave themselves christianly, modestly, and humbly, under
the present encouraging turn of Divine Providence so much in their favour, they were
dismissed, and the present meeting of the commission concluded with prayer.
1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 127
paper, relating to our receiving or adopting the Westminster Confession and
Catechisms, &c : That in order to remove said oifence, and all jealousies
that have arisen or may arise in any of our people's minds, on occasion of
said distinctions and expressions, the Synod doth declare, that the Synod have
adopted and still do adhere to the Westminster Confession, Catechisms, and
Directory, without the least variation or alteration, and without any regard to
said distinctions. And we do further declare, that this was our meauing and
true intent in our first adopting of said Confession, as may particularly ap-
pear by our adopting act which is as foUoweth : All the ministers of the
Synod now present, (which were eighteen in number, except one that declared
himself not prepared,) after proposing all the scruples any of them had to
make against any articles and expressions in the Confession of Faith, and
Larger and Shorter Catechisms of the Assembly of Divines at Westminster,
have unanimously agreed in the solution of these scruples, and in declaring
the said Confession and Catechisms to be the confession of their faith, except
only some clauses in the twentieth and twenty-third chapters, concerning which
clauses the Synod do unanimously declare, that they do not receive these
articles in any such sense as to suppose the civil magistrate hath a controlling
power over Synods with respect to the exercise of their ministerial authority,
or power to persecute any for their religion, or in any sense contrary to the
Protestant succession to the throne of Great Britain.
And we hope and desire, that this our Synodical declaration and explication
may satisfy all our people, as to our firm attachment to our good old received
doctrines contained in said confession, without the least variation or alteration,
and that they will lay aside their jealousies that have been entertained through
occasion of the above hinted expressions and declarations as groundless. This
overture approved nemine contradicente.
An appeal of some of Mr. Tennent's people from the judgment of the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia, was brought in and read ; together with a supplication
from said persons to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and their judgment upon
it. After that Mr. Tennent, the appellants, and the members of the Presby-
tery of Philadelphia, were heard at length, at last all parties were ordered to
remove, and the Synod entered upon a debate upon this affair, and at last
agreed in the following unanimous judgment, viz : That it appears evident to
this Synod, that Mr. Tennent having in all respects acted, and been esteemed,
and looked upon, not only by this Synod, but also by the congregation of
Neshaminy, and particularly by the appellants themselves, as the minister
and pastor of the people of Neshaminy, that he is still to be esteemed as the
pastor of that people, notwithstanding the want of a formal instalment among
them, (which omission, though the Synod doth not justify, yet it is far from
nullifying the pastoral relation between 3Ir. Tennent and said people,) and
consequently that the Synod doth justify the judgment of the Presbytery of
Philadelphia in reference to that matter, and that said appellants had no
just cause of complaining against or appealing from said judgment of the
Presbytery.
Mr. Bertram is allowed to depart on account of his indisposition.
The committee ordered to meet at eight o'clock, to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock, to-morrow morning.
Concluded with prayer.
Viih day at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund not yet brought in.
Mr. Hunter's afi'air reassumed, and after much discourse and several ques-
tions asked at Mr. Hunter, together with his answers being heard, and Mjf
128 MINUTES OF THE [1736.
Huuter and all but members being removed, the Synod entered upon a serious
debate about what we have heard, and after spending considerable time, at
last it was agreed that Mr. Thomson and Mr. Cross shall each endeavour to
prepare an overture upon this aifair, to be brought in, in order to be approven
against the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At 3 o'docic, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The aflfair of the fund continued.
The affair of Mr. Hunter reassumed, and Mr. Cross and Mr. Thomson
brought in their overtures, which were very parallel, and the substance as
approved by the Synod was as followed.
The Synod having maturely weighed and considered the following particu-
lars, viz :
1. That Mr. Henry Hunter has his credentials from the Presbytery of
Antrim, which has separated from the Synod of Ireland, and with whom
we have no communion, when he might have easily applied to other Presby-
teries.
2. That he brought with him thence a certain instrument in writing, de-
claring him capable of administering the sacraments of the New Testament;
when ho himself acknowledges that he was not set apart to the work of the
ministry by the imposition of hands or any of the rites of ordination.
3. That he acknowledges the design of getting the above instrument or cer-
tificate was, that if he should meet with any people of his principles that
would entertain him as their pastor, he would have accepted the pastoral
charge of them under that circumstance.
4. That when Mr. Hunter was asked before the Synod, whether he had any
other papers or certificates besides that of his license, he said he had none, and
yet afterwards owned he had the abovesaid paper or instrument.
5. That it appears probable to the Synod, that he had been forming a
design, and that money hath been given for him to go to the Bishop of Lon-
don for ordination. These things, together with the great prevarication he
hath been guilty of, and the disregard he hath shown to our discipline and
government, and the ground we have to suspect his principles, have deter-
mined the Synod to come to the following conclusion, viz : not to receive or
entertain the said Mr. Hunter as a probationer or minister among us at present.
Approved neinine contradicente.
The above judgment being read unto Mr. Hunter, he applied unto the
Synod for advice how to behave under his present circumstances ; to which
the moderator replied in the name of the Synod, that they would give him an
answer against Monday next.
A call from the new erection of this city to the Rev. Mr. Robert Cross,
together with a supplication to the Synod, containing their reasons or argu-
ments to move the Synod to concur with the design of said call, were read,
and the consideration hereof is deferred until Monday morning, at ten of the
clock.
The committee for the fund to meet at nine o'clock on Monday morning.
Adjourned till ten of the clock on Monday morning.
Concluded with prayer.
2{ith day at 10 d'cloch, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui sujna.
The account of the fund is brought in, and it amounts to the sum of five
hundred forty-one pounds and nine pence.
An overture concerning the fund was brought in by the committee^ and
1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 129
unanimously approved, and is as follows : that tlie committee for the fund meet
after the breaking up of the Synod, in order to consult upon a method for the
better securing of the fund, as well as distributing according to the necessity
of such persons as will apply to them for relief, and to defray necessary charges
of the press.
The Synod taking Mr. Hunter's request for advice into consideration, after
some discourse, agree that the moderator should first admonish him concerning
his past misconduct, and the occasion of jealousy concerning his principles
which he has given by his conduct, and inquiring his motives in seeking to
enter upon the work of the ministry, and advise him for the future to behave
so as to testify his sense of his misconduct, and his sincere attachment to sound
principles as well as purposes of a regular walk.
The aflFair of the call of Mr. Cross reassumed, and the supplication from said
people again read. And after some debate, it was agreed that said call should
be presented to Mr. Cross, and his sentiments concerning it desired by the
Synod. In answer to which he declared, that he was clearly convinced and
persuaded in his judgment, as things now appear, that it is his duty to stay
with the people of Jamaica ; and that he thought the Synod could not deter-
mine this matter until his people be apprised hereof, and have opportunity to
declare themselves concerning it. After much and long debating about this
affair, at last it was agreed that the clerk and Mr. Elmer, each of them by
himself, should endeavour to prepare an overture upon the affair to be brought
in, in the afternoon, to be considered by the Synod.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three oWocU, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Cathcart is absent without liberty asked or obtained of the Synod.
Ordered, That the janitor for the future be paid out of the fund.
The next meeting of the Synod, is appointed to be on the fourth Wednesday
of May next at Philadelphia.
An overture upon the affair of Mr. Cross's transportation, was brought in
and is as followeth.
1st. That inasmuch as the people of Jamaica, whom we look upon as a party
principally interested in this matter, have not been yet seasonably apprised of
it, nor have they had any opportunity to lay in their objections against Mr.
Cross's transportation to the new erected congregation, the Synod cannot now
come to a final judgment or declaration herein. And therefore the Synod doth
defer their judgment concerning it until next meeting of the Synod, and order
that the people of Jamaica have a copy of our minutes relating hereunto ; that
they, together with a copy of the reasons advanced by this new congregation,
be sent unto them, that they may prepare to appear in opposition to said call
against next meeting, if they think fit.
2dly. That, in the mean time, Mr. Cross be appointed to supply this people
two months before the next meeting of the Synod.
odly. That the people of this new erection be allowed the nomination of
ministers or candidates belonging to the Synod for their supply the rest of the
time, wherein Mr. Cross is not appointed to supply them, and that the Pres-
byteries unto which such ministers to be appointed to supply this new erec-
tion do belong, shall appoint supplies in the room of such ministers, while they
are absent from their respective congregations supplying this.
4tlily. That the Synod shall order supplies to the people of Jamaica during
the time of Mr. Cross's supplying here, as they shall judge most convenieut.
5thly. Mr. Cross, and whatever other actual minister shall be ordered to
supply this new erection, shall, as far as circumstances will allow, act and
IT
130 MINUTES OF THE [I737.
behave among them, for promoting of their edification publicly and privately,
as if they stood in a personal relation to them.
Some reasons for supporting this overture.
1st. That justice shall hereby be done to both congregations by this neces-
sary delay.
2dly. Hereby provision will be made for this congregation as much to their
desire and edification as possibly can be in such circumstances.
3dly. This Synod will appear to act tenderly and conscientiously, and to
avoid precipitancy on both hands.
4thly. During this intervening time, by Divine Providence, the aspect of
these affairs may be so far altered and cleared, that the Synod may be able to
determine, both to the edification and satisfaction of all parties concerned.
Lastly. We think it would be very unsafe at present, finally to determine the
matter one way or other, lest we should commit a very hurtful mistake.
The above overture and reasons were approven nemine contradicente.
And accordingly Mr. Cross is appointed to supply this new erection next
Sabbath, and as many Sabbaths immediately before our next meeting as will
complete the above two months. Mr. Pumry is ordered to supply Jamaica the
second Sabbath of April, Mr. Lamb the fourth Sabbath of April, Mr. John
Cross the first two Sabbaths in May.
Mr. Madowell is appointed to supply this new erection the months of Octo-
ber and November, Mr. Jamison the month of December, Mr. Alison the
month of January, Mr. Carlile the month of February, Mr. Alexander the
month of March.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet to-morrow morning, at nine
of the clock.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May. Concluded with prayer.
1737.
According to appointment the Synod met at Philadelphia,
Mai/ 26t7i, 1737. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers: Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson, James Anderson,
Richard Treat, Joseph Houston, Robert Cathcart, Adam Boyd, Robert Cross,
Robert Jamison, Hugh Carlile, James Martin, John Paul, \yilliam Tennent,
Gilbert Tennent, Henry Hook, George Gillespie, Thomas Evans, Samuel
Rlair, Samuel Black, Francis Alison, Patrick Glascow, and Alexander Huch-
eson
Ministers absent: Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Ebenezer Goold, Daniel
Elmer, Hugh Stevenson, William Bertram, Alexander Craighead, William
Tennent jun'r. David Evans, Hugh Conn, John Orme, David Cowell, Ebe-
nezer Weld, John Cross, John Pierson, Jonathan Dickinson, Joseph Webb,
Samuel Pumry, Ebenezer Pemberton, Hubbell, Horton, Chalker, Nutman.
Elders present : Messrs. William Gray, Thomas Boyd, Philip Tanner,
Jeremiah Lockery, John Wilson, James Buchanan, Matthew Adams, John
Richey, Samuel Allen, William McCullough, Robert Patton.
Mr. Hook chosen moderator, Mr. Evans clerk.
Mr. Boyd, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on
2 Cor. IV. 5.
Adjourned till 9 of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26 day, at nine o'clock, A. M. p)ost preces sederunt qui sjqira.
Masters Gillespie, Hook, Hucheson, Glascow, and Gilbert Tennent, gave
reasons lor their absence last year, which were sustained.
1737.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 131
All tbe members of the Presbytery of East Jersey, were absent last year
except Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Pierson, Blair, and William Tennent, jun'r.
and no reasons given ; and said members are now also absent, (except Gilbert
Tennent.)
Messrs. Thomson, Andrews, Boyd, Treat, Gillespie, Martin, and the mode-
rator, appointed to be a committee for the Fund, and any other business the
Synod shall recommend to them.
The Presbytery books of Lewis, New Castle, and East-Jersey, were not
brought. Messrs. Alison and Cathcart, ordered to revise the Presbytery
book of Dunagall, and Mr. Anderson and Mr. Cross, the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that JMasters Anderson, Thomson, Jamison, Paul, William Tennent, and
Gillespie, had brought something, which was ordered to be delivered to Mr.
Andrews.
Messrs. Anderson, Andrews, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton,
Pierson, Robert Cross, Thomas Evans, Boyd, and the moderator, appointed
to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing, and that if they have
occasion to meet, they endeavour to have elders with them.
Messrs. Bertram, David Evans, John Cross, and William Tennent, jun'r.
sent reasons of their absence, which were sustained.
It is reported that Mr. David Cowell in the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and
Mr. Samuel Black in the Presbytery of Dunagall, and Mr. Francis Alison in
the Presbytery of New Castle, were, after the usual trials, ordained since last
Synod, and that said persons did all of them adopt the Westminster Confes-
sion, &c., according to order of Synod.
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the Synod
break up.
Mr. Cathcart acknowledged his irregularity of departing from last Synod
without leave, promising better care in that matter for the future, which was
accepted.
The appointments of last Synod, with respect to the new erection in Phila-
delphia and the congregation of Jamaica, were fulfilled. And inquiry being
made whether there were any representatives or letters from Jamaica, relating
to Mr. Cross's transportation, it was found that a letter was come which was
ordered to be brought in, in the afternoon. And the representatives of the
new erection were ordered to bring in what they had to offer in the after-
noon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three of the dock, P. M. Post yreces sederunt qui supra.
The order with relation to the fund continued.
Mr. Hunter having petitioned that he might be restored to preach the gos-
pel of Christ, &c. and we being satisfied of his good and becoming carriage
and conduct since our last, are willing to give him all due encouragement.
But considering the judgment of the Synod las.t year, and the reasons of it,
we cannot allow the said Mr. Hunter to preach the gospel until he has first
gone through the ordinary course of trials in some Presbytery belonging to
this Synod, and the Synod does recommend it to the Presbytery to which he"'
may apply, to treat him with all suitable and Christian lenity and tenderness,
which was approved, nemine contradicente.
The above minute beinf; read to Mr. Hunter he desired time to consider of
it, which was granted.
The affair of the new erection at Philadelphia, deferred till to-morrow
morning.
232 MINUTES OF THE [1737.
A reference from the Presbytery of Philadelphia relating to Mr. Morgan's
suspension coming before us, and after reading the minutes of said Presby-
tery, with the evidences they grounded their judgment upon, and Mr. Morgan
havino- liberty to offer what he thought fit in his own defence, the affair, after
due consideration, was left to the committee to bring an overture upon it to-
morrow morning.
Ordered, That the committee meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morn-
in"".
°Adiourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
21th day. At ten of tlic cloclc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui siqyra.
The order respecting the fund continued.
The committee brought in an overture on Mr. Morgan's affair, which is as
followeth, viz.
Overtured, on Mr. Morgan's affair, That inasmuch as it would be both dif-
ficult and tedious for the whole Synod to make a particular inquiry into the
whole affair, the Synod appoint the Presbyteries of Philadelphia and East
Jersey to meet as a committee at Maidenhead, and judge of said affair, and
absolve Mr. Morgan from the censure he lies under, if he appear suitably
penit-ent, and no new accusations be advanced against him j and Mr. Morgan
to continue under suspension until said committee meet, and that at least
three members of each Presbytery meet as a quorum. The first Wednesday
of August to be the time of meeting ; and it is ordered, that every minister
do endeavour to bring an elder with him. Approved, neminc contradkente.
Mr. Hunter came in and professed his acquiescence with the Synod's con-
elusion in his affair.
The affliir of Mr. Cross's transportation reassumed, and a sui3plication from
the new erection pressing the accomplishment of it pursuant to their call to
him, and a letter from the congregation of Jamaica, offering reasons against
his transportation, being read, together with the minutes of our last on said
affair, the Synod thought it proper to inquire of Mr. Cross himself what his
present sentiments were respecting said affair ; which being done by the mo-
derator, he desired liberty to defer giving his answer till the next sederunt,
which was granted.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The order respecting the fund continued.
A paper being brought in by Mr. Enoch Armitage, signed by many hands
of the congregations of Hopewell and Maidenhead, requesting, that since Mr.
Morgan is not likely to be useful any more as a minister among them, from
his repeated miscarriages, if the Synod should see cause to restore him to his
ministry, he might not be reinstated as their minister : The Synod came to
this result, that the people of Hopewell and Maidenhead be left at their liberty
to entertain Mr. Morgan as their pastor or not, even supposing the committee
appointed to meet on his affair in August, should see cause to restore him to
the exercise of the ministry; only the Synod enjoins the people to pay to Mr.
Morgan what arrears are due to him for time i)ast. The above minute approved,
ncniine contradicenfe.
The affair of Mr. Cross's transportation came again under consideration, and
the representatives of the new erected congregation of this city put in a sup-
plication which was read, the purport whereof was to invalidate what was
offered in the supplication from Jamaica : Mr. Cross was desired to give hia
1737.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 133
sentiments of this affiiir, which he did at length, and at last suhmitted himself
wholly to the judgment of the Synod, and then, all parties being removed, the
Synod entered upon a very serious debate about this whole aifair, in which
considerable time being spent, at last after solemn calling upon God for light
and direction in such a momentous matter, it was put to the vote, Transport
Mr. Cross from Jamaica to Philadelphia or not, and it was carried iu the
affirmative, nemine confradicente.
A letter was brought in from Mr. Henricus Goetschius to Mr. Andrews,
signifying his desire, and the desire of many people of the German nation,
that he might be ordained by order of Synod to the work of the ministry, upon
which the said Mr. Goefschius was desired to appear before the Synod, that
they might see his credentials and have some discourse with him ; which being
done, he produced testimonials from Germany, which were ample and satis-
foctory to the Synod respecting his learning and good Christian conversation ;
whereupon he was recommended to the care of the Presbytery of Philadelphia,
to act upon further trials of him, with respect to his ordination, as to them
should seem fit.
Ordered, That the committee meet to-morrow morning at eight of the clock.
Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
28^7i day. At ten of the clock, A. 31. Post j)reces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
Upon reading the minutes of the last sederunt respecting Mr. Cross's trans-
portation, at his request it was ordered, that Messrs." Thomson and Anderson
write a suitable letter to the congregation of Jamaica, signifying what was done
iu said affair, and bring it in before the Synod break up.
A supplication from the new erection in this city being brought in and read,
it was referred to the committee to bring in an overture upon it.
A supplication from part of the congregation of Neshaminy, containing
matters of complaint against Mr. William Tennent, and also an answer to the
several articles of said supplication from another part of the said congregation
being brought in, and both of them read article by article, and both parties
heard at length what they had to say, all parties were ordered to remove, and
some time being taken upon the merits of that cause, Mr. Thomson was ordered
to draw up an overture on that affair, and bring it in, in the afternoon.
Mr. Cathcart asked leave to depart, and it was granted.
Ordered, That the committee meet at three of the clock, P. M.
Adjourned till four of the clock, P. ]M. Concluded with prayer.
At four of the clock, P. 31. Postpreces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the account of the fund be brought in next sederunt.
Upon the affair of Neshaminy overtured, That the reasons advanced by the
disaffected party of that congregation in their supplication, in justification of
their non-compliance with the Synod's judgment in relation to them last year,
and their desire to be freed from Mr. Tennent as their pastor, are utterly in-
sufficient, being founded, (as appears to us,) partly upon ignorance and mis-
take, and partly, (as we fear,) upon prejudice. It is therefore ordered, that
the moderator recommend it to said people to lay aside such groundless dis-
satisfactions, and return to their duty, which they have too long strayed from,
otherwise the Synod will be bound iu duty to treat them as disorderly. Ap-
proved, nemine confradicente.
Overtured, That Mr. Cross's instalment be as soon as conveniently may be
after his return from Jamaica, and that the Synod on Monday next appomt the
person that shall instal him.
134 MINUTES OF THE [1737.
Ovcrtured, That Mr. Elder supply the new erection the three last Sabbaths
in June, and the first in July ; Mr. Alexander the other four Sabbaths in
July, and Mr. Carlile the month of August, if there be occasion.
Ovcrtured, That one hundred pounds be allowed out of the fund to enable
the new erected congregation to build an house of worship, and that said hun-
dred pounds be paid at the meeting of the next Synod, if said congregation be
obliged to build a meeting-house for themselves ; and that the Synod at their
meeting consider what is further to be done that way. But in case the two
congregations should unite to their mutual satisfaction, that then there be
only fifty pounds allowed them out of the fund, towards purchasing a burying
ground.
The above overture approved, nemine contradkcnte.
Adjourned till ten of the clock on Monday morning.
The committee to meet at eight of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
oOtli day, at ten of the clocTx, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund brought in, and it appears that there is in it antece-
dent to any disbursements to be made this year :
£ s. d.
Due per bonds, ... - 516 4 11^
'. " Per interest on said bonds, - 60 19 11
In cash, 11 00 3
In all, £588 5 IJ
A supplication coming in from Trenton to the committee, desiring that
something might be allowed to them out of the fund, ovcrtured that five
pounds be allowed them for this present yeai-, £5 0 0
Ovcrtured, That the janitor have for his service the sum of 1 10 0
Pursuant to a supplication from Mr. Black's congregation, ovcr-
tured that they be allowed the sum of five pounds, 5 0 0
Ovcrtured, That the treasurer have for his service the sum of 6 0 0
The above overtures were approved.
Mr. William Tennent, senior, having last year supplicated the committee
to remit him the interest of his bond for four years then past, and the com-
mittee taking this into consideration, thought it not proper to grant him his
request, but referred it to the consideration and determination of the Synod ;
which being now brought into the Synod, and Mr. Tennent renewing his
petition, they taking it into consideration, agreed to grant his request, the said
four years' interest amounting to the sum of seven pounds four shillings.
The Synod, according to the order of Saturday, coming to consider who
shall instal Mr. Cross to the new erection, do now appoint Mr. Andrews to
do the same, and that from this time Mr. Cross and said new erection be
joined to the Presbytery of Philadelphia.
Mr. Anderson and Mr. Thomson brought in their letter to the people of
Jamaica, which was approved, and ordered to be sent to them.
An overture to be considered by the committee of the Synod.
Inasmuch as God, who is a God of order, requires in an especial manner,
that all the afiairs of his kingdom on earth should be done decently and in
order ; and inasmuch as there may be frequent occasion in the course of Divine
Providence, for the transportation or moving of ministers, or probationary
preachers, from one Presbytery to another ; for preventing many inconve-
niences that may ensue upon irregular steps that may be taken on such occa-
sions, it is humbly proposed as a fit expedient :
1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 135
First. That no probationer take upon bim to preach in any vacant congre-
gation without the order of the Presbytery under whose care he is.
Secondly. That no such probationer preach to any vacant congregation
without the bounds of the Presbytery to which he belongs, until his way be
cleared thereunto by the order and appointment of the Presbytery under whose
care and inspection such congregation is.
Thirdly. That no Presbytery take upon them to appoint such probationer
to preach within their bounds without Presbyterial credentials, or recommen-
datious for that purpose from the Presbytery unto which such probationer be-
longs.
Fourthly. That no vacant congregation take upon them to invite or en-
courage any minister, or probationer, to preach among them without the con-
sent and concurrence of their own Presbytery, nor until such probationer has
preached before them with approbation.
Fifthly. That no minister take upon him to invite any minister, or proba-
tioner, from the bounds of another Presbytery, to preach unto any vacant
congregation without the advice and concurrence of the brethren of his own
Presbytery.
To evince the reasonableness of the above particulars, besides the inconve-
niences that may ensue upon the neglecting of such an order or method, it may
be considered that both probationers and vacant congregations are and ought
to look upon themselves as under the direction and government of their respec-
tive Presbyteries. That they ought to be ordered, directed, and concurred
with, by them, in all the steps taken in order to their being settled.
It is also humbly proposed that the Synod would make an order to inquire
yearly, at our respective Presbyteries, concerning their observation of the order
and agreement of September, 1735, in relation to our receiving of ministers
and preachers from Europe.
This above overture approved.
Mr. Barr, in behalf of the new erection of this city, supplicated the Synod
for their direction and assistance in sending to Great Britain, or Ireland, for
some assistance of money for them. The Synod agrees to it, and appoints
Mr. Thomson, Mr. Anderson, Mr. Cross, and the moderator, to assist said
congregation in said affair.
The Presbytery books of Philadelphia and Donegal! were brought in and
approved.
Adjourned till the fourth "Wednesday of May next, and then to meet at
Philadelphia, at two of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1738.
May the 2^th, 1738.
The Synod met at Philadelnhia according to appointment.
Vhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, William Tennent, David Evans,
Daniel Elmer, Puchard Treat, Hugh Carlile, David Cowell, George Gillespie,
Joseph Houston, Robert Cathcart, Francis Alison, Charles Tennent, Jonathan
Dickinson, John Pierson, Ebeuezer Pemberton, Gilbert Tennent, William
Tennent, junior, John Cross, Samuel Blair, Henry Hook, James 3Iartin,
Eobert Jameson, James Anderson, John Thomson, Adam Boyd, John Paul,
Alexander Craighead, and Samuel Black.
Elders : Messrs. William Gray, liichard Walker, James Abraham, James
Erwin, William Sample, Philip Tanner, Robert Calwell, Robert Finney,
136 MINUTES OF THE [1738.
William McMackin, James McCroy, Ricliard Alison, Andrew Cregg, John
Eobb, John Luckey, William Sherran, Robert McConachy.
Ministers absent: Messrs. Robert Cross, Ebenezer Groold, Eleazer Wales,
Thomas Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, Joseph Webb, Aaron Burr, Simon
Horton, John Nutman, Isaac Chalker, Samuel Pumry, Walter Wilmot, Patrick
Glascow, Hugh Stevenson, Thomas Craighead, William Bertram, John Orme,
Hugh Conn.
Mr. Henry Hook, last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from
John xxi. 14.
Mr. Richard Treat chosen moderator, and Mr. Francis Alison clerk.
Messrs. Elmer, Cowel, Craighead, Pierson, Dickinson, Pemberton, Horton,
Webb, and Nutman, gave reasons for their absence last year, which were
sustained.
Messrs. Thomson, Andrews, Dickinson, Pemberton, Boyd, Gillespie, Ander-
son, Martin, and the moderator, appointed for a committee for the fund, and
any other business the Synod shall recommend to them.
The Presbytery books of Lewis and East Jersey were not brought. Messrs.
Houston and Hook ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia;
3Iessrs. Paul and Martin to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle ;
Messrs. John Cross and William Tennent, jun'r, to revise the Presbytery book
of Dunagall.
The Presbytery of Long-Island being reduced so that a quorum cannot
statedly meet about business, it is ordered, that they be united to the Presby-
tery of East- Jersey, and to be henceforth known by the name of the Presbytery
of New York.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
25<7i day, at nine o^cloch, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod taking the state of the fund into consideration, and finding that
many congregations are deficient in contributing to so good a design, and that
ministers have not been so careful as they might be in proposing and endeav-
ouring that thing, it is unanimously agreed by all the members of the Synod,
that every minister shall either seasonably propose the affair, and read the
Synod's letter to their respective congregations, and appoint a day for a public
collection, if there be occasion for such a step to carry on the design, or oblige
themselves to pay out of their own proper estates ten shillings to the fund ;
and that every Presbytery take care that their respective members, observe an
order made in the year 1736, (directing absent members to send collections,)
and that they, as soon as possible, notify what is now done to all the absent
members. And seeing that the respective congregations of the Synod contri-
bute to the fund, and have a right to know how what is collected is disposed
of and managed, ordered, nem. con. that there be a minister and an elder out
of every Presbytery, appointed to be members of the committee for the fund.
And in pursuance of this order, the following elders are appointed for this year
in conjunction with the ministers before mentioned, namely, William Gray,
Robert Finney, Richard Alison, James McCoy.
Messrs. Anderson, Andrews, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton,
Pierson, Robert Cross, Thomas Evans, Boyd, Martin, and the moderator,
appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing, and that
they endeavour to bring elders with them if they have occasion to meet, and
that any five of these members be a quorum.
It is reported that Mr. Charles Tennent, in the Presbytery of New Castle,
Mr. Aaron Burr and 3Ir. Walter Wilmott, in the Presbytery of New York,
were, after the usual trials, ordained since the last Synod, and that they did
1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 137
all of them adopt the "Westminster Confession, &c. according to order of this
Synod.
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the Synod
break up.
The committee appointed by the Synod to meet at Maidenhead and inquire
into Mr. Morgan's affair, met according to appointment, and the minutes of
their proceedings being read and approved, were ordered to be inserted in the
Synod book, and they are as follows :*
A petition with some papers being sent by Mr. Morgan to the Synod, after
reading the petition, they referred the consideration of said papers to the com-
mittee.
It is reported that Mr. Robert Cross was installed since our last, according to
the Synod's appointment, and that the two congregations in Philadelphia were
since united.
It was overtured by some members, that some order should be made to pre-
vent irregularities that may arise in our churches, by some ministers and pro-
bationers preaching to vacant congregations without the bounds of their respec-
tive Presbyteries, without allowance from the Presbytery under whose care the
said vacant congregations may be. This was debated for some time, and de-
ferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
* "At a meeting of the Presbytery of Philadelphia and East-Jersey, (being a commit-
tee appointed by the Synod to transact in the affair of ISIr. Morgan,) on the first Wed-
nesday of August, at Maidenhead, 1737, ubi post preces sederunt: Members of the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia : Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, Mr. David Evans, Mr. Richard Treat,
Mr. David Cowell, and Mr. Plugh Carlile. Members of East-Jersey Presbytery: Mr.
William Tenneut, jun'r. Mr. John Nutman, and Mr. Samuel Blair. Elders: John Snow-
den, David Rhee, Stoffel Longstreat, and Nathaniel Brittin. Mr. Andrews chosen mod-
erator, and Mr. Treat clerk. Mr. Treat opened the committee by a sermon on John
xii. 26. The committee entered upon the affair of Mr. Morgan, and read the minute of
the Synod that commissioned them for said business ; and finding that the terms of Mr.
Morgan's suspension being taken off were these, viz : There not appearing any new ac-
cusations against him, and his giving them sensible evidence of his repentance, the com-
mittee proceeded to inquire whether any new accusations were to be brought in against
him. Upon which several evidences were given in to the committee, one from AVilliam
Brittin in-writing, and another from Nathaniel Brittin, and another from James Cham-
bers, viva voce, which were taken down in writing; (which are all kept in reientis,) after
this the committee adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
" ith day, at eight o'clocl; A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
" The affair of Mr. Morgan being resumed, the committee proceeded according to di-
rection to inquire into the signs of his repentance, and after a long conference with him
in private, the committee entered into a serious debate about the matter, in order to
come to a judgment. And after much time spent in the business, without coming
to any conclusion, they adjourned to four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
" At four o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
«' The committee re-entered upon the consideration of Mr. Morgan's affair, and began
with a conference again with him. And after Mr. Morgan was withdrawn, they came
to an inquiry among themselves, what conclusion they could come into about the pre-
mises ; and after the deepest consideration, and most serious deliberation, they unani-
mously judged, that inasmuch as some new and express accusations have been brought
against him since the order of last Synod, and in all our conference with Mr. Morgan, he
gave us no sutHcient evidence of his repentance, but still continues to deny the most
material and notorious instances of the things formerly proved against him. they cannot
see cause to take off the suspension, but judge it their bouudeu duty to continue it as
before. Concluded with prayer."
18
138 MINUTES OF THE [1738.
At three of the chcic, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui siqjra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The debate concerning ministers preaching without the bounds of their own
Presbyteries, to vacancies in the bounds of another Presbytery, without the
consent of some of the members, was reassumed, and overtured uj^on it, that no
minister belonging to this Synod shall have liberty to preach in any congrega-
tion belonging to another Presbytery whereof he is not a member, after he is
advised by any minister of such Presbytery, that he thinks his preaching in that
congregation will have a tendency to procure divisions and disorders, until he
first obtain liberty from the Presbytery or Synod so to do. This being put to
the vote, was approved.
Overtured, That in order to obviate some mistakes, that it is supposed some
of the members of the Synod were in, with respect to the preceding overture,
that it be voted that every minister belonging to this Synod, has liberty to
preach in any vacant congregation where he shall be occasionally and providen-
tially called, even though he is out of the bounds of the Presbytery to which
he belongs, unless he be first advised by some minister of such Presbytery, that
his preaching there is likely to procure divisions and disorders in such congre-
gation ; and even when he is so advised by any minister of such Presbytery, he
may yet preach in such congregation, if by liberty first obtained from such
Presbytery or from the Synod, but not otherwise. Agreed nemine contra-
dicente.
Inquiry being made of the several Presbyteries, whether they have com-
plied with an order of Synod touching the admission of ministers or candi-
dates that come from Europe, it was found that said order has been complied
with.
A letter from the Synod of Ireland, was read and referred to the committee
to consider what is to be done in reference to it.
Ordered, That the committee meet to-morrow morning, at eight of the
clock.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
26//i day, met at ten o'clock, according to appointment, A. M. L'hi p)Ost
p)reces sederunt qui supra.
The afiair of the fund continued.
Leave being desired by Mr. Elmer and Mr. Evans to depart, it was
granted.
Upon the consideration of the letter from the Synod in Ireland, the com-
mittee brought in this overture, viz : That a respectful letter be wrote to the
Synod in Ireland in answer to theirs, and brought into the Synod for ap-
probation. Agreed, and ordered, that Mr. Anderson and Mr. Thomson write
said letter.
Upon a supplication of some members of the Presbytery of New York, to
be erected into a distinct Presbytery with some of the members of the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia : Overtured, That their petition be granted, and that
all to the northward and eastward of Maidenhead and Hopewell unto liaritau
river, including also Staten-Island, Piscatua, Amboy, Bound-Brook, Basking-
Eidge, Turkey, Rocksiticus, Minisinks, Pequally, and Crosswicks, be the
bounds of that Presbytery ; and that the said Presbytery be distinguished by
the name of the Presbytery of New-Brunswick, and that the time of their
meeting to be the second Tuesday of August next, at New-Brunswick. This
overture was approved.
Upon the supplication of John Caldwell, in behalf of himself and many
families of our persuasion, who are about to settle in the back parts of Virginia,
1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 139
desiring that some members of the Synod may be appointed to wait on that
government, to solicit their favour in behalf of our interest in that place : Over-
tured, That according to the purport of the supplication, the Synod appoint
two of their number to go and wait upon the governor and council of Virginia,
with suitable instructions in order to procure the fiivour and countenance of
the government of that province, to the laying a foundation of our interest in
the back parts thereof, where considerable numbers of families of our persuasion
are settling, and that something be allowed out of our fund to bear the charges
of said brethren who shall be appointed ; and that also provision be made for
supplying the congregations of said brethren during their absence from them,
while prosecuting that affair; and that Messrs. Robert Cross, Anderson, Conn,
and Orme, prosecute said affair; and that Messrs. Thomson, Dickinson, and
Pemberton, prepare instructions for said brethren, and write a letter in the
name of the Synod to the said government, to be brought in and approved by
the Synod ; and that the respective Presbyteries take care of these congrega-
tions during the absence of their pastors. And it is further overtured, that
these brethren be allowed a discretionary power of using what moneythey have
occasion for/ to bear their expenses in a manner suitable to this design, being
accountable to the Synod for their conduct in the whole affair. Approved
nemine contradicente.
I A supplication from part of the congregation of Pequea was read, desiring
either to have some part of the labours of Mr. David Alexander, till they be
judged by the Presbytery of Dunagall to have sufficient ability to support the
gospel themselves, or to be erected into a congregation and having supplies
granted them ; their affair was deferred till another year, which we hope will
have a happy tendency to bring things to a good issue, and till then they are to
acquiesce in the determination of their Presbytery. Which was approved by a
great majority.
"' The committee to meet at three o'clock.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At four d clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The order respecting the fund continued.
Upon a supplication from Mr. Morgan, and some papers of his that were laid
before the Synod, it is overtured, that inasmuch as Mr. Morgan has given the
Synod no sufficient evidence of his repentance for the gross scandals laid to his
charge, and proved against him, they judge that Mr. Morgan continue under
censure until he give just ground for the removal thereof, either to the Synod
or the Presbytery of Philadelphia. Approved nemine contradicente.
The Presbytery book of New Castle approved.
A remonstrance from Mr. George Gillespie was read, in which he complains
against the Presbytery of Donagall, for treating Mr. Zanchy, a probationer in
their bounds, with too much lenity in only rebuking him, and not suspending
him when he stood charged with composing a discourse in which were gross
and evident errors, and for sending said notes to Mr. Henry Hunter, who
preached them to his own overthrow. Upon which the Synod came to the fol-
lowing conclusion : That though they cannot but greatly condemn and censure
Mr. Zanchy's conduct, in acting the plagiary in transcribing notes out of printed
authors, thereby to impose upon the Presbytery, giving them a false view of
his ministerial powers, and in sending the same notes to another candidate to
enable him to impose upon his Presbytery in the same manner, as well as for
Lis greatest imprudence in sending such heretical notes abroad, whereby most
dangerous errors came to be vended; yet considering that Mr. Zanchy was
sharply admonished by his Presbytery, that his trials were some time stopt, and
140 MINUTES OF THE [1738.
his ordination a considerable time delayed on the account of this, his conduct, we
shall now lay no further censure upon him, but judge the Presbytery were de-
fective in not taking notice in their minutes of his being such a plagiary, or
censuring him on that account.
The committee to meet to-morrow morning at eight of the clock.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21th day. At nine o'clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The Presbytery book of Philadelphia brought in and approved.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent represented to the committee that there had been dif-
fering sentiments in some important points of doctrine between himself and
Mr. Cowell, upon which there had been sundry large letters passed between
them, concerning which he desires the Synod's opinion. It is overtured, that
this affair be considered by a committee appointed by the Synod, who shall be
directed to converse with Mr. Tennent and Mr. Cowell together, that they may
see whether they so widely differ in their sentiments as is supposed'; and if they
find that there be necessity, distinctly to consider the papers ; that Mr. Tennent
and Mr. Cowell be both directed to refrain from all public discourses upon this
controversy, and all methods of spreading it among the populace, until the com-
mittee have made their report to the Synod, and that no other member take
notice of and divulge the affair.
The above mentioned committee were Messrs. J. Dickinson, Pierson, Pem-
berton, Thomson, Anderson, Boyd, and the moderator.
A supplication from some of the members of the western part of Hanover
was read, and after some serious and suitable discourse upon it, it was referred
to Messrs. Thomson and Martin to bring in an overture upon it, against the
next sederunt.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M., on Monday nest.
Concluded with prayer.
29<7i day. Met according to appointment, at three d clock, P. M. Ubi post
prtces sederunt qui supra.
]Mr. Robert Cross is now present, and his reasons for being absent were
sustained, and he is now ordered to be a member of the committee for the
fund.
The order with respect to the affair of the fund continued.
An overture was brought in upon the affair between Messrs. Gilbert Tennent
and David Cowell, by the committee appointed for that purpose, which is as
follows, viz. The committee having heard Mr. Tennent and Mr. Cowell explain
themselves upon the debate between them, think it proper to take this affair
under further consideration, that they may have opportunity to peruse the
papers that are produced, to give us a fuller view of this controversy, that so
we may be prepared to give a report to the next Synod.
Mr. Cross joined to tlie committee. Approved, neniine contradicente.
Upon the affair of West Hanover, overtured as follows. Upon Mr. Budd'g
representation of the affair of Hanover : Overtured, That, however in a former
minute relating to West Hanover, we have granted, that solemn obligations
by lot or etherise may cease, when by any turn of Providence what is en-
gaged unto becomes impossible or impracticable, or the end thereof is other-
wise fully and completely answered, yet it appearing doubtful to us whether
this be the case of said people in respect of the obligation laid upon them to
unite or join with the people of East Hanover, by a lot or solemn engage-
1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 141
ment to submit to the judgment of the committee of the Presbytery of East
Jersey, who were called to judge in that affair, the Synod does judge that the
safest way to come to a final determination of that affair is, that a committee
be appointed to meet iu that place in order to make as exact inquiry as they
can into the circumstances of that people, whether there really be such a
change in their case as to cause the above obligation to cease, and either give
their judgment of this matter, or else represent it as it shall appear to them, to
the Synod at our next meeting, which they shall judge most meet, and that
Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, junior, Samuel Blair, David
Cowell, Eleazar Wales, Jedidiah Andrews, Aaron Burr, John Cross, and
Richard Treat, be a committee to meet at Hanover the last Wednesday of
July next, upon the affair, at eleven of the clock, ante meridiem. Approved,
ncmine contradiccnfe.
A proposal was made by the Presbytery of Lewes to this Synod, which is
as follows : That this part of the world whex'e God has ordered our lot, la-
bours under a grievous disadvantage for want of the opportunities of univer-
sities, and professoi's skilled in the several branches of useful learning, and
that many students from Europe are especially cramped in prosecuting their
studies, their parents removing to these colonies before they have an opportu-
nity of attending the college, after having spent some years at the grammar
school ; and that many persons born in the country groan under the same pres-
sure, whose circumstances are not able to support them to spend a course of
years in the European, or New England colleges, which discourages much,
and must be a detriment to our church ; for we know that natural parts, how-
ever great and promising, for want of being well improved, must be marred
of their usefulness, and cannot be so extensively serviceable to the public,
and that want of due pains and care paves the way for ignorance, and this for
a formidable train of sad consequences. To prevent this evil, it is humbly
proposed as a remedy, that every student who has not studied with approba-
tion, passing the usual courses in some of the New England, or European
colleges, approve!' by public authority, shall, before he be encouraged by any
Presbytery for th^ sacred work of the ministry, apply himself to this Synod,
and that they appoint a committee of their members yearly, whom they know
to be well skilled in the several branches of philosophy, and divinity, and the
languages, to examine such students in this place, and finding them well ac-
complished in those several parts of learning, shall allow them a public testi-
monial from the Synod, which, till better provision be made, will in some
measure answer the design of taking a degree in the college. And for
encouragement of students let this be done, without putting them to further
expenses than attending. And let it be an objection against none, where they
have read, or what books, but let all encouragement be only according to merit.
And 'tis hoped this will fill our youth with a laudable emulation, prevent
errors young men may imbibe by reading without direction, or things of little
value, will banish ignorance, fill our infant church with men eminent for parts
and learning, and advance the glory of God, and the honour of our Synod both
at home and among our neighbours, who conceive a low opinion of us for
want of such favourable opportunities. 'Tis further proposed, that all that
are not licensed to preach the gospel, what university or college soever they
come from, may undergo the same trials. But inasmuch as this act cannot be
put in force this year, without discouraging such as may not be apprized of it,
'tis ordered, that there be two standing committees to act in the above affair
for this year, one to the northward and the other to the southward of Phila-
delphia, and that Messrs. John Thomson, George Gillespie, Thomas Evans,
Henry Hook, James Anderson, James Martin, Francis Alison, be a committee
for the Presbyteries southward of Philadelphia. And that Messrs. Andrews,
142 MINUTES OF THE [1788.
Robert Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Pemberton, Dickinson, Cowell, and Pierson,
be a committee to the northward. Approved by a great majority.
The committee to meet at nine o'clock to-morrow, A. M.
Adjourned till three of the clock to-morrow, P. M. Concluded with
prayer.
oOth day. At three o'clock, P. M. met according to appointment. Uhi post
preccs sederunt qui supra.
The account of the fund brought in, and it appears that there is, antecedent
to any disbursement to be made this year :
Principal, .... £527 4 li
Interest due, - - - - 36 10 9 J
Cash, 19 3 5J
In all, £582 18 4J
Overtured, That since we shall probably break in upon the capital stock of
our fund, by the allowance to Philadelphia, and the charge of our messengers
to Vir^'iuia, it be resolved that half our yearly interest be kept in stock, until
it amount to the sum that by these expenses shall be taken from the capital.
Agreed.
The members appointed to draw up the address to the government of Vir-
ginia, and instructions for the members appointed to go, brought in what they
had done, which is as follows :
To the honourable William Gooch, Esquire, Lieutenant Governor of the
Province of Virginia, the humble address of the Presbyterian ministers con-
vened in Synod, May 28th, 1738, &c. May it please your honour, we take
leave to address you in behalf of a considerable number of our brethren who
are meditating a settlement in the remote parts of. your government, and are
of the same persuasion with the Church of Scotland. We thought it our duty
to acquaint your honour with their design, and to ask your favour in allowing
them the liberty of their consciences, and of worshipping God in a way agree-
able to the principles of their education. Your honour is sensible that those
of our profession in Europe have been remarkable for their inviolable attach-
ment to the Protestant succession, in the illustrious house of Hanover, and
have upon all occasions manifested an unspotted fidelity to our gracious
sovereign King George, and we doubt not but these our brethren will carry the
same loyal principles to the most distant settlements where their lot may be
cast, which will ever influence them to the most dutiful submission to the
government which is placed over them. This we trust will recommend them
to your honour's countenance and protection, and merit the free enjoyment of
their civil and religious liberties. We pray for the Divine blessing upon your
person and government, and beg leave to subscribe ourselves your honour's
most humble and obedient servants.
Which was approved.
An answer to the letter from the Rev. Synod in the north of Ireland
was brought in by the members appointed for that purpose, and was ap-
proved.
Ordered, That the clerk transcribe the letter, and the moderator sign it.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next, at three of the clock,
P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1739.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 143
1739.
At a meeting of the Synod at Philadelphia,
May 23(:Z, 1739. Ubi post preces sederunt
Ministers of Donagall Presbytery : Messrs. James Anderson, John Thom-
son, Adam Boyd, John Paul, Alexander Craighead, Samuel Black, David
Alexander, John Elder, Richard Zanchy. Absent : Mr. William Bertram,
Mr. Thomas Craighead.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. George Gillespie, Alexander Hutchinson,
Robert Cathcart, Joseph Houston, Charles Tennent, Francis Alison. Absent :
3Iessrs. Thomas Evans, Hugh Conn, John Orme.
Lewes Presbytery : Messrs. Henry Hook, James Martin, Robert Jamison,
John Thomson. Absent : Messrs. Hugh Stevenson, Hugh Carlile, Patrick
Glascow.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, William
Tennent, David Evans, Ebenezer Goold, David Cowell, Richard Treat. Ab-
sent : Daniel Elmer, Joseph Morgan.
New Brunswick : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Samuel Blair,
Eleazer Wales. Absent : John Cross.
New York Presbyterj : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Ebenezer Pemberton.
Absent : George Philips, Joseph Lamb, Walter Wilmot, Joseph Webb, Aaron
Burr, John Nutman, excused, Nathaniel Hubbell, John Pierson, excused, Silas
Leonard, Isaac Chalker, Samuel Pumry.
Elders : Matthew Atkinson, Thomas Hope, John Christy, Hugh Barclay,
John McCutcheon, Jared Graham, Walter Caruth, Alexander White, Hugh
McQuarter, Robert Smith, John Woodrow, William McCrea, William McKol-
ough, Henry Perkar, William Gray, John Weir, David Chambers, Thomas
Worthington.
Mr. Treat, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on
2 Cor. v. 18.
Mr. James Anderson chosen moderator, and Mr. Robert Cross clerk.
Messrs. Ebenezer Goold, David Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, Joseph Webb,
Simon Horton, John Nutman, William Bertram, gave or sent reasons for last
year's absence, which were sustained.
Mr. Thomas Craighead removed by death since last Synod.
Mr. Joseph Webb sent reasons for his absence this year, which were sus-
tained.
Messrs. Thomson, Andrews, Dickinson, Pemberton, Boyd, Treat, Gillespie,
Cross, Martin, and the moderator, appointed a committee for the fund, and other
business the Synod shall recommend to them. The following elders appointed
to join with them in the affair of the fund, viz. John Christy, Alexander White,
Henry Perkar, William Gray, David Chambers. Mr. Samuel Blair added to
the committee of the fund.
Messrs. Houston and Jamison appointed to revise the Presbytery book of
Dunagall ; Messrs. Black and Elder the Presbytery book of New Castle ;
3Iessrs. Paul and Cathcart the Presbytery book of Philadelphia ; Messrs. Hook
and Zanchy the Presbytery book of New Brunswick ; Messrs. Alexander and
Alison the Presbytery book of New York ; Messrs. Cowell and William Ten-
nent, junior, the Presbytery book of Lewes.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
24:th. Nine d clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found
that Mcssa's. Anderson, Thomson, Boyd, Elder, Black, Paul, Craighead,
14-1 MINUTES OF THE \11Z9.
Zanchy, Gillespie, Hutchinson, Cathcart, Houston, Charles Tennent, Alison,
Hook, 3Iartin, Jamison, Andrews, William Tennent, senior, David Evans,
Cowell, Treat, Oilbert Tennent, Blair, Dickinson, and Pemberton, had brought
some ; and Mr. Pierson sent some.
"Whereas, by order of last Synod absent members were ordered to make col-
lections in their respective congregations for the future, or if they neglect it to
forfeit ten shillings out of their own private purse, and we find that Messrs.
Wilmot, Burr, Leonard, Chalker, Nutman, and Pumry, absent members, have
not sent collections, Mr. Pemberton and Mr. Dickinson are therefore appointed
to inform them either to make collections for this year or pay the forfeiture.
And Mr. Hu^h Carlile and Mr. Grlascow are to be informed by the Presbytery
of Lewes of the same; Mr. Bertram by the Presbytery of Donegall; Mr.
Thomas Evans by the Presbytery of New Castle ; and Mr. Elmer by the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia.
Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson, Ptobert
Cross, Thomas Evans, Boyd, Treat, Gilbert Tennent, Martin, and the modera-
tor, appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing, and that
they endeavour to have elders with them if they have occasion to meet, and
that any five of the ministers above mentioned be a quorum.
It is reported that Messrs. Zanchy, Alexander, and Elder, in the Presbytery
of Donagall, Mr. John Thomson, jun'r. in the Presbytery of Lewes, and Mr.
Leonard in the Presbytery of New York, were after the usual trials or-
dained since the last Synod, and that they did all of them adopt the West-
minster Confession, &c. according to the order of the Synod in that case pro-
vided.
Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the Synod
break up.
Inquiry being made of the several Presbyteries, whether they have complied
with an order of Synod, respecting the trial of ministers and candidates coming
from Europe, it was found they had so done.
The congregations of Turkey and Rocksiticus, which were included
last year within the bounds of the Presbytery of New-Brunswick, making
application to the Synod to be under the Presbytery of New York, it was
granted.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
A supplication from the people of Leacock was brought in, and after
much discourse upon the aiFair, the Synod appointed a committee to meet
upon the place, and to view the circumstances of the two contending con-
gregations, and finally determine the controversy. The members ap-
pointed for said committee were Messrs. Houston, Alison, Cathcart, Hook,
Cross, and Treat, who are to meet at Pequea the second Wednesday of Oc-
tober next.
The affair of Mr. Morgan's suspension, being remitted to the Presbytery of
Philadelphia by last Synod, they now report that they have taken off' his
suspension, and restored him to the exercise of his ministry again ; and
the minutes of their proceeding being read, the Synod approves their con-
duct.
The affair between Mv. Gilbert Tennent and Mr. Cowell, came under con-
sideration in reading last year's minutes, but the committee to whom that affair
was referred, report that they are not yet prepared to acquaint the Synod with
what they have done, which is therefore referred to another sederunt^ and
1739.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 145
the said committee are ordered to get ready and make report as soon as
may be.
The committee appointed to go to Hanover, and help the people there in their
difficulties, made report to the Synod of their compliance, and brought in the
minutes of their proceedings, which being read were approved and ordered to
be inserted in their minutes, and are as follows, viz :*
The Presbytery of Brunswick, upon reading over the minutes, brought in a
paper of objections against two acts made last year, which was read, and the
further consideration of it deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
25 day at nine o' cloch, post preces sederunt qui siqyra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The affair of Mr. Cowell and Mr. Tennent deferred.
The consideration of the New-Brunswick paper reassumed, and after much
reasoning upon it, the further consideration of it deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
• "At a committee of the Synod met at Hanover, July 26th, 1738, according to ap-
pointment of Synoi], ubi j}ost preccs sederunt Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Gilbert Tennent,
AVilliam Tennent, jun'r., John Cross, David Cowell, and Richard Treat. Ministers of the
committee absent: Messrs. Samuel Blair, Eleazer Wales, and Aaron Burr. Mr. Andrews
chosen moderator, Mr. Treat, clerk. Mr. Gilbert Tennent opened the committee by a
sermon, Ezek. xi. 19.
" The committee in order to lay a clear foundation to go upon, thought proper to read
and consider the minutes of the Synod in relation to the affair; and after that was done
the moderator proceeded to inquire into the matter they were come about, and asked the
people of AVest-Hanover, whether their circumstances were altered for the better since
the casting of the lot, and it was answered by some of them in the hearing and behalf
of the whole, that they were much increased as to number of persons in their society,
and that they were near one half abler than they were. Which representation was not
contradicted nor disproved by any, and plainly appeared to the committee to be the truth
of their case. A paper also was brought in by Mr. Kitchell and some others, in behalf
of the eastern part, as their committee, setting forth their weakness, and expressing
their desire of an union with their western brethren, if it could be had upon reasonable
terms. Upon which, that the committee might come to understand the real truth with
respect to said eastern people, the moderator proceeded to interrogate Mr. Kitchell and
others of said eastern part, about their affairs, and they informed the committee, that
they were much stronger than when the lot was cast; that though it was hard with them
for the present to fulfil their obligations to Mr. Nutman, yet they cannot but acknow-
ledge they are in growing circumstances, and able to support of themselves; adding
withal, that it is their mind, and the mind of their Society, not to have an union with
the whole of the western society but with a part only, and that if the committee should
judge them to unite upon any of the former terms, covenants, and agreements, it would
be the destruction of the whole, and be prejudicial to the interest of religion among them.
Whereupon the committee came unanimously to form their judgment after the following
manner, viz : That according as things are represented to them, and as they appear,
they cannot but judge,
"1. That the former obligations of said people, by virtue of the lot formerly cast
among them, are now impracticable.
" 2. That the end of the said lot will be much better answered by their being two sepa-
rate societies, than by being united into one, as formerly was desired and proposed.
" 3. That therefore we judge said western people may be a separate society b}' them-
selves. Furthermore, to prevent any disputes or diflBculties between said western society
and Basking-Ridge, it was proposed and agreed to, mutually by said people, that who-
soever were desirous of going from the congregation to which they belong to the other,
shall have liberty so to do, provided they pay off all their respective debts due to the
society to which they have belonged.
"The above determinations of the committee were published to the aforesaid people,
and all parties expressed their entire satisfuctiou therein. Concluded with prayer."
19
146 MINUTES OF THE [1739.
Eora Ma, P. 31. post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the fund continued.
The affair of New-Brunswick Presbytery reassumed, and after much reason-
ing upon it, the further consideration of it deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock.
Concluded with prayer.
26i'eces sederunt qui supra.
Upon a motion made by the moderator, that our Synod should hold a con-
ference with the Brunswick brethren that they rejected last year, in order to
accommodate the difference and make up that unhappy breach, it is agreed, that
Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson, Cross, Andrews, Thomson, Cathcart,
David Evans, and Alison, meet with these brethren, and try all methods
consistent with gospel truth, to prepare the way for healing the said breach.
Agreed that the conference be held at the usual place of the Synod's meeting,
at three in the afternoon, and that the Synod adjourn till nine o'clock to-mor-
row morning.
28^7i day, at nine d clock, jyost preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the Synod be resolved into an interloquitur of ministers and
elders, to manage the conference with the ejected brethren, who are allowed,
if they see cause, to bring with them the ministers that they ordained, that
were never allowed to be ministers of this Synod, and all their respective
elders.
After a great deal of time spent to no purpose, the interloquitur found that
all attempts for a coalition were vain and fruitless, and therefore it is agreed to
adjourn till three o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Post jyreces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Ilobert Jamison is now present and his absence excused.
The Synod entered upon the affair complained of by the ejected members,
and the question put for the managing said afiair was, who should be the judges
of the case ? The ejected members would submit the business to the considera-
tion of none as judges, but such as had not signed the protest last year. And
the protesting brethren answered to the point : That they, with the members
that had adhered to them, after ejecting said members, were the Synod, and
acted as such in the rejection, and in so doing they only cast out such members
as they judged had rendered themselves unworthy of membership, by openly
mamtaining and practising things subversive of their constitution, and there-
lore would not be called to account by absent members, or by any judicature
on earth, but were willing to give the reasons of their conduct to their absent
brethren, and to the public to consider or review it.
Ordered, That the Synod, ministers and elders, meet at nine in the morning
in an interloquitur.
Adjourned till eleven o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1742.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. . 163
29th day, at 11 6' clock, A. M. met uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The interloquitur having entered upon some business without coming to a
conclusion, the Synod is adjourned till Monday morning at ten of the clock.
Concluded with prayer.
31 day, at ten dchch, met according to appointment. JJhi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Pemberton, Pierson, Thomson,
Martin, Boyd, Cathcart, Samuel Evans, McHenry, Alison, and the moderator,
be a committee for the fund, and the commission of the Synod for the follow-
ing 3'ear; and Messrs. Gray, John Steel, Hazard, and William Linsey,
be joined with the said committee in the affair of the fund, and that the
ministers of the commission have elders with them if they have occasion to
meet.
A protest was given in by some members of our Synod, which is as follows,
viz :
To the reverend Synod now sitting in Philadelphia : We the subscribers,
in our own and in the name of all that we shall see meet to join with us, look
upon ourselves obliged in the most public manner, to declare our opinions with
respect to the division made in our Synod the last year, by a protest that was
delivered in by several of our members.
First. We declare jjgainst the excluding the Presbytery of New-Bruns-
wick and their adherents, from the communion of the Synod by a protest,
without giving them a previous trial, as an illegal and unprecedented pro-
cedure, contrary to the rules of the gospel and subversive of our excellent
constitution.
Secondly. We declare and protest against the conduct of our brethren, the
last year's protestors, in refusing to have the legality of their said protest tried
by the present Synod.
Thirdly. We therefore declare and protest, that these members of the New-
Brunswick Presbytery, and their adherents, that were excluded by the last
year's protest, are to be owned and esteemed as members of this Synod, until
they are excluded by a regular and impartial process against them, according
to the methods prescribed in sacred Scripture, and practised by the churches
of the Presbyterian persuasion.
Fourthly. We protest against all passages in any of the pamphlets which
have been lately published in these parts, which seem to reflect upon the work
of divine power and grace, which has been carrying on in so wonderful a
manner in many of our congregations, and declare to all the world, that we
look upon it to be the indispensable duty of all our ministers to encourage
that glorious work with their most faithful and diligent endeavours. And in
like manner, we protest and declare against all divit^ive and irregular methods
and practices, by which the peace and good order of our churches have been
broken in upon.
This is what our duty to God, and our regard to the peace and prosperity
of his church oblige us to protest and declare, and we desire it may be recorded
in the minutes of the Synod in perpetuam rci memoriam.
Jonathan Dickinson, Azariah Horton,
John Pierson, Nathaniel Hazard,
Ebenezer Pemberton, David Whitehead,
Simon Horton, Silas Leonard,
Daniel Elmer, Timothy Whitehead.
PhUadelpliia, May 29, 1742.
1(34 MINUTES OF THE [1743.
[This is in the first article protestatio contra factum ; for they were excluded
by a vote of the Synod if they refused to give satisfaction for the points com-
plained of, and upon this they withdrew.]
I, the subscriber, do hereby desire, that it may be inserted in the_ Synod's
minute book, that I judge it an open infringement on the rights of society, and
particularly on our rights as Presbyterians, for any absent members to pretend
to a right to call the body to an account, and judge of the legality of proceed-
ings in acts, resolutions, and conclusions made in their absence. Though I
firmly believe that it is the duty of such a body to submit such resolutions and
conclusions to a review of the nest Synod ; and though I look on it as giving
up some of our rights, yet it is my earnest desire, and what I insist on,
that the merits of the cause for which last year's Synod excluded the Bruns-
wick brethren and adherents, be fairly tried by this present Synod, in order to
manifest the justness of said proceedings.
Francis Alison.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May, at three o'clock, afternoon,
and tiien to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.*
1743.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment,
3Iay 25th, 1743. Vhi post preccs sederunt
Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Ebene-
zer Pemberton, John Pierson, Aaron Burr, John Nutman. Absent : Messrs.
"Walter Wilmot, Nathaniel Ilubbel, Silas Leonard, Azariah Horton, Simou
Horton, Samuel Pumry.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cathcart, Francis Alison, Robert
Jamison. Absent : Messrs. Hugh Conn, John Orme, and Hugh Stevenson.
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Adam Boyd, Samuel Black,
John Elder, Richard Zanchy, Samuel Caven, Alexander McDowell, Hamilton
* The commission of the Synod met at four in the afternoon.
Upon a supplication of the people of Apoquinimy, to be joined to the Presbytery of
New Castle, and Mr. Jamison representing that their Presbytery was so weak that they
could not meet upon business, it was agreed that the Presbytery of Lewes do join with
that of New Castle,
The Presbytery of New Castle having applied for advice to the Synod, with relation to
Mr. John Steel, a probationer from Ireland, who oflFered himself to our care as a candi-
date for the sacred work of the ministry, but was under some difficulty with relation to
a marriage promise claimed by a young woman in Ireland, as his testimonials set forth,
and by reason of some steps taken by him in his marriage in this country : The com-
mission finding in all things, that his conduct at home and in this country, has been fair
and unblamable, those things excepted, do advise the Presbytery of New Castle to defer
taking him on trials till December next. And in the mean time, desire that both the
young man and the Presbytery, write to the Presbytery of London-Derry, in Ireland, to
see if any fui'ther light may be obtained in said afiair.
Upon the supplication of several of the back inhabitants of Virginia, desiring that the
commission of the Synod would draw up a supplication to be sent to the General Assem-
bly in Scotland or their commission, begging the favour that they may send over a pro-
bationer or minister, that they think suitably qualified for that place, to take the pas-
toral charge of said people. It is agreed that Messrs. Andrews and Cross write to them
by the first suitable opportunity.
The Synod having given orders last year to some of their number, to answer such wri-
tings as might be needful to set the present debate in a true light ; notwithstauuiug we
think it is the Synod's husiuess to see the Printer's accounts cleared, yet the commissiou
reconinicnd it earnestly to every Presbytery, and to every person, to lie careful to bring
in the price of the books disposed of in their bounds or by themselves, in order to defray
said expense, before they proceed to contribute any thing further out of the fund.
Concluded with prayer.
1743.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 165
Bell, John Hindman. Absent : Messrs. William Bertram, Samuel Thomson,
John Craig.
rhikdelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, Daniel
Elmer, David Cowell, Francis McIIenry, and Samuel Evans. Absent:
Messrs. David Evans and John Guild.
Elders: Messrs. Alexander Walker, James Donnel, Matthew Atchinson,
Daniel Henderson, George Davison, William Stevenson, John McEwen,
Arthur Patterson, William Gray, John Ogden, Samuel Hart, and David
Griffith.
Mr. Dickinson, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon
on 1 Cor. i. 10.
Mr. David Cowell chosen moderator, and Mr. Alison clerk.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26 day at ten o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Leonard and the Hortons' absence excused. Mr. Chalker is re-
moved out of our bounds.
Mr. Hugh Stevenson absent. This affair to be considered.
Messrs. Thomas Evans and James Martin, of the Presbytery of New
Castle, removed by death since our last, and likewise Mr. Joel Evans, proba-
tioner.
Since our last, Mr. Bell and Mr. Hindman were ordained by the Presby-
tery of Donegall.
Messrs. Bertram, Samuel Thomson, and Craig are excused for their absence.
Mr. David Evans excused for his absence.
A paper being brought in by Thomas Cookson, Esq. one of his majesty's
justices, for the county of Lancaster, in the name of the Governor, to be laid
before and considered by us, the Synod agrees to defer all other business, and
set aside the common methods of their proceeding, to consider it, and orders
it to be read. The above mentioned paper, with an affidavit concerning it,
being read in open Synod, it was unanimously agreed : That it is full of trea-
son, sedition, and distraction, and grievous perverting of the sacred oracles to
the ruin of all societies and civil government, and directly and diametrically
opposite to our religious principles, as we have on all occasions openly and
publicly declared to the world ; and we hereby unanimously, with the greatest
sincerity, declare that we detest this paper, and with it all principles and prac-
tices that tend to destroy the civil or religious rights of mankind, or to foment
or encourage sedition or dissatisfaction with the civil government that we are
now under, or rebellion, treason, or any thing that is disloyal. And if Mr.
Alexander Craighead be the author we know nothing of the matter. And we
hereby declare, that he hath been no member of our society for some time
past, nor do we acknowledge him as such, though we cannot but heartily
lament that any man that was ever called a Presbyterian, should be guilty of
what is in this paper. And we order, that a committee be appointed to draw
up an address to the governor on this occasion, and that the committee be
Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Alison, and the moderator, and bring it into
the Synod for approbation.
Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At four d clock, P. M. met, xihi post p)reces sederunt qui si(p>ra.
Mr. Stevenson's affair deferred.
The address was brought in and approved. Ordered, That the ministers
of the Synod wait on the governor and present this address, together with a
copy of our minute with relation to this affair.
166 MINUTES OF THE [1743.
Mr. Elder's absence last year is excused.
i\Ir. Jones was ordained by the New York Presbytery since our last.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson,
Thomson, Boyd, Cathcart, Samuel Evans, McHenry, Alison, and the mode-
rator, be a committee for the fund, and the commission of the Synod for the
following year ; and that William Gray, Arthur Patterson, and James Donnel,
be joined with the said committee in the affair of the fund : and that the mi-
nisters of the commission shall endeavour to bring elders with them if they
have occasion to meet, and that six of them with the moderator, shall be a
quorum.
Ordered, That Mr. McDowell and Mr. Bell revise the Presbytery Book of
Philadelphia. And that all our Presbyteries punctually bring their books,
having all neglected to do so, Philadelphia Presbytery only excepted.
Inquiry being made who had this year brought money to the fund, it was
found that Mr. Alison, Mr. Bell, Messrs. Andrews and Cross, and Mr. Cowell,
bad brought something.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
11th day, at ten o^ clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Hugh Stevenson was taken under consideration, upon which
the Synod came into the following resolution : The Presbytery of New Cas-
tle having suspended Mr. Stevenson on account of some scandals alleged
against him, and his neglecting to appear before them to vindicate himself,
notwithstanding he was called upon to do it, and having referred the further
consideration of this affair to the Synod, the Synod having considered their
reference, do look upon the conduct of the New Castle Presbytery as regular,
and continue Mr. Stevenson under suspension till he shall be presbyterially
cleared from these scandals alleged against him, and desire the New Castle
Presbytery to take the first opportunity they conveniently can, to inquire into
Mr. Stevenson's conduct, in order to a final determination.
Adjourned till four o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
At four d clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Some papers were given in to the Synod from some of the congregation at
Abington. The consideration of them deferred.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer,
28^A day. At ten d clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the Abington papers be read ; and the persons that brought
them were referred back to their own Presbytery of Philadelphia.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
On Monday morning the meeting of the Synod was deferred till four o'clock,
P. M. that some proposals of peace and agreement might be prepared and
sent to the Brunswick Presbytery.
30 day. Met at four o'clock, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui
supra. •
An overture was brought by the Presbytery of New York, which was ordered
to be read, and was as followeth, viz :
At a Presbytery convened at Newark, May 15, 1743.
An overture from the I'resbytery of New York, to be proposed to the Synod
of Philadelphia, at their next meeting.
1743.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 167
The Presbytery taking into consideration the melancholy divisions that have
of late obtained in the Synod, to the great dishonour of God, the scandal of
our holy profession, the prejudice of our religious interests, and the too great
encouragement of those dangerous errors and delusions which are making such
a progress among us, think it our duty to contribute all we can towards healing
these breaches, and promoting the unity of the Spirit in the bonds of peace,
and do therefore propose :
1. That inasmuch as the Presbytery cannot see how the excluding the Pres-
bytery of New-Brunswick, and those other ministers that join with them by a
protestation, without a particular hearing, and deliberate vote of the Synod,
formed upon such a distinct hearing of the case, can be agreeable to the laws
of Christ, or any rules of discipline that have ever been known among any
churches of our profession : we therefore propose that the said protestatioa
be withdrawn, and those members peaceably take their place in the Synod as
formerly.
2. Whereas it is of greatest necessity that the education of our candidates
for the ministry be well regulated, and that our former difference upon that
subject be healed, we propose that all such, who for the future shall be pri-
vately educated with a design for improvement in the ministry of the gospel,
shall submit to the former agreement of the Synod in that case, or else be sent
to one of the colleges in New England, and accept of such a station there as they
are found qualified for, and that they continue there at least one year, and obtain
their degree of bachelor of arts. And in case there should be any pious and
promising youths that are privately educated for the ministry, who cannot well
bear the charge of continuing so long at the college, they shall, upon the com-
mendation of their respective Presbyteries, and the approbation of the Synod,
or commission of the Synod, have such allowances from the Synod for their
support at the college, as the Synod or their commission shall think proper, and
so much of the income of the fund as is sufiicient shall be appropriated to that
purpose.
3. Whereas there have been differences among us with respect to itinerant
preaching, with the consequences of it, we propose that there be an united
agreement of the Synod, that all our pulpits be open to those ministers that are
in our communion, and we unanimously resolve to invite each other to preach
in our respective parishes as occasion offers. And for any minister to refuse
another minister the use of his pulpit when regularly applied to, and to continue
in that refusal from time to time, shall be looked upon as an unbrotherly prac-
tice, tending to division and separation among us. Provided always, that the
minister refusing his pulpit as aforesaid, has not such reason for his conduct as
shall be approved by the Presbytery, or Synod, or commission of the Synod.
And that there may be no schism or confusions maintained in our congrega-
tions, it be proposed that all our ministers shall be obliged, that they will not
for the future promote or encourage any divisions or separations, neither by
setting up separate meetings in any of our congregations, nor by any methods
whatsoever endeavouring to alienate the affections of the people from their
minister ; but that every one of us shall do what we can to assist one another,
and strengthen each other's hands in the work of the Lord. And every contra-
vention of this article shall be looked upon as just matter of censure either by
Presbytery or Synod.
4. It is also proposed that, if any of our ministers either really have or sup-
pose they have just matter of complaint against any of their brethren in the
ministry within our bounds, with respect either to his doctrine, manner of
preaching, diligence in his discharge of the more public or private parts of his
ministerial duties, or with respect to his conduct or conversation, such minister
shall first in a kind, tender, and affectionate manner, particularly make known
1(58 MINUTES OF THE [1743.
the matter of bis complaiut to such of his brethren in a private conference.
And if these endeavours fail of desired success, he shall put into his hands a
written copy of his complaints, with a citation to answer them before his Pres-
bytery, or before the Synod, or commission of the Synod, as the complainant
shall thinly fit.
5. It is also proposed, that all former matters of diiFerence and debate in the
Synod, be now entirely bm-ied in oblivion, and that each minister of the Synod
do from this time treat one another with the same intimate love, kindness, and
respect, as if such diiferences had never been. This article not being to be
understood as excluding any of our ministers from reasoning either publicly or
privately in a brotherly, or a Christian manner, against any point of doctrine
which they suppose erroneous or dangerous.
6. The Presbytery considering the absolute necessity of union and good
agreement in a religious society, since a kingdom divided against itself cannot
stand, do earnestly pray, that this or some other plan of accommodation be
come into at this meeting of the Synod. But if our hopes in that matter should
prove abortive, and no methods can be obtainecl, it is proposed that this Synod
do unitedly agree that another Synod be erected, by the name of the Synod of
New York, and that any of our members shall have liberty to join themselves
to which of the two Synods they shall think fit ; and in order to our communion
one with another, and to consult the general interest of religion in these parts,
it is proposed that there be two correspondents sent yearly from each Synod to
the other,
Ebenezer Pemberton, Moderator.
These inserted in the next year's minutes.
Some remarks upon the above overture were read ; and after some considera-
tion it was put to vote, whether this overture was to be accepted as a plan of
accommodation or not, and it was unanimously voted in the negative.
A paper was upon this given in by Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, in his own name,
and in the names of Messrs. Ebenezer Pemberton, John Pierson, and Aaron
Burr, having previously declared that they complain of no unfriendly or unbro-
therly treatment from the Synod with relation to themselves, but that their
conduct in this affair may be liable to misrepresentations, which said paper is as
follows :
As I look upon myself to be a member of the Synod of Philadelphia, and
have a continued right to sit and act in the same as such, so I look upon the
New Brunswick Presbytery, and those other brethren that adhere to them, and
are therefore shut out of the Synod on that account, to be truly members of this
Synod as myself, or any others whatsoever, and have a just claim to sit and act
with us. 1 cannot, therefore, at present see my way clear to sit and act as
though we were the Synod of Philadelphia, while the New Brunswick Presby-
tery, and the other members with them, are kept out of the Synod in the manner
they now are.
A proposal of agreement and union between us and the brethren of New
Brunswick was sent to those brethren by Mr. Aaron Burr, which is as fol-
loweth, viz.
Proposals made to the New Brunswick brethren, in order to their being ad-
mitted to take their places in the Synod, upon a Scripture foundation.
Forasmuch as we are informed that the New Brunswick brethren are willing
and desirous of reconciliation and union with the Synod, and to know ou
"svliat terms this may be obtained : That the said brethren may be fully per-
suaded that we have no delight in division for its own sake, but on the con-
trary, are sincerely desirous of union and peace upon just and reasonable terms,
60 that upon our cordial agreement there be a foundation laid, that, through
1743.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 169
God's blessing, may prevent the havock and destruction of the church threat-
ened by our common enemies. Therefore we propose :
1. That as they desire to be received and treated as members of our Synod
they will submit to the determinations and conclusions of our judicatures, even
in those cases wherein they are negatives in giving their votes, and so allow a
determination to be by the majority, or else no longer plead a right of member-
ship ; and that they renounce their principles delivered in their Apology, espe-
cially that whereby they declare that Presbyteries and Synods have no right to
make any agreements, or come to any determinations by votes that shall bind
any members who do not give their consent to those conclusions or determina-
tions. For without this recantation they can never be members of this Synod,
seeing they put in a claim for arbitrary power to destroy and overturn all our
agreements, and to despise and disregard our censures, as they have already
professedly done, in licensing and ordaining so many men for the work of the
ministry.
2. If they profess they will use all endeavours to secure a learned ministry,
we desire that they testify this by desisting from licensing or ordaining men
for the work of the ministry, who have not complied with the Synod's agree-
ment, or the alternative proposed in the last year's conference with these breth-
ren, and that they give up all those persons that they have heretofore licensed
or ordained in opposition to our public agreement, to be examined and tried by
the Synod whether they have suitable ministerial qualifications, or that they
will not maintain ministerial communion with any of them for the future, who
refuse to be examined by the Synod, or who, upon examination, are found defi-
cient, until they give suitable satisfaction.
3. That for the future they will desist from either acting or preaching, or
sending their missionaries within the bounds of our Presbyteries, or fixed pas-
toral charges as heretofore ; that they will not encourage new separate societies
in congregations as heretofore, nor supply with preaching the societies they have
made or occasioned, among the people under our care, but declare that all such
practices are of pernicious tendency, and inconsistent with the Presbyterian
plan.
4. That they will not publicly nor privately endeavour to diminish the char-
acter of any minister as graceless, unconverted, or unworthy of his ofiice, until
he be tried by a proper judicature and censured; and that they claim no right
to judge of men's spiritual estates towards God, so as to determine whether they
be gracious or graceless, if sound in the faith, and of a gospel life and conversa-
tion, and that they condemn all such practices.
5. That they renounce all such tenets or doctrines that have been advanced
in Mr. Tennent's Nottingham sermon, which are contrary to our Presbyterian
plan and subversive of gospel order, and a floodgate to let in divisions and dis-
orders into the church, such as an allowance to church members to guess at
the spiritual state of their pastors, and upon this guess, without further trial,
to leave them as graceless and unconverted ; their asserting an inward call to
the ministry, in opposition and contradiction to the outward call, or ordaining
to the gospel ministry, and all who maintain them can be no members of a
Presbyterian society or church, because they take all government out of the
hands of a Synod or Presbytery, and give it to any person that hath ignorance
and impudence enough to bring God's house into confusion.
6. That they acknowledge that too many of them have been guilty in all
these points, and that notwithstanding whatever zeal and intention to advance
a work of grace they might have been influenced by, yet now they are con-
vinced that these practices have had a dreadful tendency to promote and spread
the divisions and confusions that perplex and disturb this church.
7. We propose that, if they have any ground of complaint against any of
170 MINUTES OF THE [1743.
our members, with respect to their doctrine, their conversation, or diligence in
the ministry, that they shall be welcome to table the charge against them in a
proper judicatory, whether they comply with these terms or not; and that,
if they satisfy us in these points, and accept their seats in our Synod, all other
grounds of complaint shall be removed, either by public trial, or such other
method as they and we in conjunction shall determine, and will best promote
the glory of God, and the good of his church. And we declai-e that if all or
any of these brethren accept these terms, or any other that we and they can
devise or come to, that will lay a foundation to secure these important rights of
societies, a learned and pious ministry, and to prevent errors and divisions, in a
way agreeable to God's word, and the Presbyterian constitution, we are heartily
willing to receive them ; and we desire that they may give us their answer to
these heads as soon as they can conveniently.
These proposals were sent in an extra-judicial way to the Brunswick brethren,
upon reading of which in open Synod, it was agreed that these proposals were
reasonable, in order to open a way toward an accommodation and interview
between these brethren and us. And to these we received an answer by Mr.
William Tennent, junior, which is as followeth :
Upon a paper sent to us from the ministers that protested against us, propos-
ing certain terms of union, this conjunct meeting of the Presbyteries of New
Brunswick and New Castle does judge that there can be no regular methods of
proceeding towards the compassing a stated union between them and us, until
their illegal protest be withdrawn ; yet so they and we may both stand upon an
equal foot in the regular trial of the diiferences between us. That their paper
contains sundry misrepresentations and unreasonable demands, and that we have
several charges against them to be satisfied in before we could come into a
settled union with them.
Upon reading our minutes, it was proposed, that as the protestation of the
New York brethren seems to complain of the conduct of this Synod, in the
year 1741, ordered, that the protestation delivered in that year be entered into
our minutes ; which protestation is accordingly to be found at the end of the
minutes for this year.
A paper in answer to the New York brethren's protestation, being read in
open Synod, it was unanimously agreed, that it be kept in retentis.
Upon a supplication brough by Mr. Alison, desiring that Mr. McDowell be
joined to the Presbytery of New Castle, in order to answer the repeated suppli-
cations of Elk-River and White-Clay Creek, ordered, that he be joined to it, and
that they supply Nottingham for a year.
Messrs. Andrews and Cross did write to the General Assembly in Scotland,
in favour of the back inhabitants of Virginia, as was desired.
Ordered, that the committee for the fund meet to-morrow, at eight o'clock,
and the Synod at ten. Concluded with prayer.
31 day, at ten dclock, A. M. according to appointment. Ubi jMst preces
sederunt qui supra. (Some excepted who were gone home.)
The committee have not brought in the account of the fund ; Ordered, They
settle it now and bring it against the next meeting.
Agreed to remit a bond of Mr. Houston's, dated July 25th, 1740, in favour
of his widow and her family.
A proposal was made to write to the General Assembly of the church of
Scotland, and lay before them the low and melancholy condition of the inftmt
church, both for want of probationers to supply our numerous vacancies, and
also lor want of a suitable encouragement for ministers in new settlements, and
mtreat them both to send ministers and probationers to us, and to allow them
£
s.
d.
2
10
0
6
00
0
1
10
0
5
00
0
3
00
0
1744.] SYNOD OF PIIILADELPinA. 171
some small support out of their fund for some years in new places. And that
they be pleased to enable us in some measure, or by some method, to erect a
seminary or school for educating young men for these ends among ourselves.
This was agreed to, and ordered, that Messrs. Cross, Andrews, and Thomson,
write a letter to the Assembly, and let them know our circumstances.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of Philadelphia regard the people of Abing-
ton, and supply there as oft as they can conveniently, if they find that their
case requires it.
Ordered, That Messrs. Alison and McDowell write to some gentlemen in
Virginia, acquainting them with our application to the General Assembly of
Scotland, and begging their interest to further that design.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Cathcart, and the moderator, wait
on the governor, and present the address.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at two o'clock, P. M.
Disbursements from the fund allowed per the committee for the year 1743,
as foUoweth, viz.
To Archibald McMullen for services done.
To the Treasurer, - - - - -
To the Janitor, . . . .
To Mrs. Glen,
To Mrs. Hook,
The sum total of the fund before any disbursements, as computed by the
committee, 1743, five hundred and sfeventy pounds, sixteen shillings and seven
pence.
Adjourned till the fourth "Wednesday of May next, at three o'clock, P. M.
and then to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.
1744.
The Synod met at Philadelphia according to appointment.
J/ay 23(Z, 1744. IJhi post preces sederunt
Minister of New Castle Presbytery : Mr. Alexander McDowell. Absent — •
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Adam Boyd, John Craig,
John Eider. Absent —
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, Daniel
Elmer, Samuel Evans.
New York Presbytery absent.
Elders : Alexander Montgomery, James Read, Hugh Rippey, William
Wilson, William Johnston, William Gray, Edward Lummis, and James
Abraham.
Mr. Andrews opened the Synod by a sermon on Ezek. iii. 17. Mr. Cowell,
the last year's moderator, being absent.
Many of the members being absent, and expected to be present to-morrow,
it is concluded that the Synod adjourn to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning,
before they enter upon business. Concluded with prayer.
2ith day at nine o'clock. Met according to appointment. Uhi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
And upon calling the roll the following members present who were absent
yesterday, viz : Messrs. George Gillespie, Robert Cathcart, and Francis
Alison, of the New Castle Presbytery. And that Presbytery reports, that
since our last they have ordained to the work of the ministry Mr. Timothy
Griffith and Mr. John Steel, they having passed the usual trials and adopted the
172 MINUTES OF THE [1744.
■\Vestminster Confession and Catechisms as the confession of their faith, ac-
cording to order of the Synod in that case provided. They also inform us,
that jmrsuant to a call drawn up by the people of Snow-Hill, Buckingham,
and the Ferry, in Worcester in Maryland, and with the Presbytery's concur-
rence, sent to the Presbytery of Paisley in North Britain, the Rev. Mr. James
Scougal accepted the said call. And "having produced sufficient testimonials
of his piety, learning, prudence, soundness in the faith, blameless conversation
and ordination by them, was admitted as a member of the Presbytery of New
Castle. And the Synod admitted these brethren into membership.
Of Donegall Presbytery, Mr. Black is now present. Absent: Messrs.
Samuel Thomson, Richard Zanchy, Bertram, Hindman, and Samuel Caven.
(Mr. Bell was suspended by said Presbytery.)
Present now of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. David Evans and Francis
McHenry.
Elders of the ministers absent yesterday : Messrs. John McMichael, William
McCulloch, Thomas James, David Patterson, Samuel Hart, James Kerr.
Mr. McHenry chosen moderator, and Mr. McDowell clerk.
We find that upon reading the last year's roll, Mr. Robert Jamison is re-
moved by death since our last, as also Mr. Hugh Stevenson.
Mr. Samuel Pumry's absence now excused, on account of bodily indisposi-
tion.
Mr. David Evans gave reasons for his last year's absence, which were sus-
tained.
Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Nutman, John
Thomson, Boyd, Black, Samuel Evans, Cathcart, Alison, Gillespie, and the
moderator, be the committee for the fund and the commission of the Synod for
the ensuing year. And Messrs. William Gray, Samuel Hart, William McCul-
loch, William Wilson, elders, be joined with them in the aifair of the fund;
and that every minister endeavour to have an elder with him if the Synod's
commission have occasion to meet; and that five ministers and the moderator
be a quorum of the commission.
Ordered, That Messrs. Boyd and Griffith revise the Presbytery book of
Philadelphia; and Messrs. Alison and Cathcart the Presbytery book of Done-
gall, and that these books be delivered the next sederunt.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of New Castle, not having their book now,
do put it in order and bring it to be revised by the Synod the next year.
Inquiry being made who had brought money to the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Andrews, Cross, McHenry, and Craig, had brought some.
Upon reading our last year's minutes, we find an overture presented by the
Presbytery of New York, and that remarks upon it were read in Synod, but
these remarks not being entered in the Synod book, it is now ordered, that they
be inserted here in this place. They are as follows :
Some short hints by way of remark on an overture designed to be laid before
the Synod of ] Philadelphia by the brethren of the Presbytery of Ncav York, sub-
mitted by the said brethren to iha consideration of the other members of the
Synod in a private extra-judicial way.
On the introduction remark : How far the following particulars of the over-
ture are conducive to the good end proposed, will be best known by a particular
consideration of them.
On article first remark : Notwithstanding of what is alleged by our breth-
ren, we are still of the mind that the exclusion of the New Brunswick
brethren by the protestation mentioned, is sufficiently justified by the reasons
specified in the said protestation ; which reasons are further strengthened by
the conduct of the said brethren ever since. And were it needful to produce
them, there are not wanting precedents of this method of procedure in Pres-
1744.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 173
byterian churclies, yea and in civil judicatures ; and therefore we think it
altogether inconsistent with duty and a good conscience, to withdraw said
protest or recede from it. And further, it is our judgment, that the only
sensible expedient in order to reunion, in the present circumstances is, that
the New Brunswick, &c. would let us know under their hand, how far they
will or can comply, to give the Synod satisfaction for the offences complained
of, by acknowledging their past misconduct, and by giving satisfactory security
agaiust the fears of the like offences for the future.
On the second article remark : If the Brunswick brethren would once give
such satisfaction to the Synod for their past conduct, in opposition to our act
of Synod, relating to the examination of candidates for the ministry, it seems
not unlikely that we might agree either in the amendment thereof, or in insti-
tuting an equivalent for the future. But if no reparation be made for the
damages done by their past conduct in opposition to said act, we think it vain
to talk of substituting an equivalent for the future. And, therefore, we also
would desire to know from these brethren under their hands, what satisfaction
they are willing to give the Synod on this head.
On article the third : Our judgment in respect of being obliged to open our
pulpits to itinerants, and to invite them to preach in them, sub poena of being
esteemed unbrotherly, and promoters of division and separation, is so far differ-
ent and opposite to our New York brethren's judgment, that we verily be-
lieve, that such a constitution or order as our brethren talk of, is of most visi-
ble and obvious tendency to promote division and separation, and every thing
that is unbrotherly and uncharitable. Neither is it enough that there are no
endeavours to set up separate meetings in our congregations, but also that all
these already set up, be obliged to return to their pastors and congregations,
or else be deemed and dealt with as disorderly. And that the New Bruns-
wick brethren, &c. shall take such methods as the Synod shall prescribe, to
persuade those -whom they have influenced to separate, to return again to their
respective folds and pastors. In fact we think the proposal has a visible,
plain, and native tendency to advance the mischief it pretends to prevent, and
to prevent and destroy the good it pretends to advance. We think that to
give any minister a right to preach in any brother's pulpit contrary to his
inclination, without presbyterial order for that purpose, is the direct way to
breed and foment divisions, and quench brotherly love among ministers.
Where love and esteem actually subsist there is no need for such right to be
pleaded by the itinerant; and when jealousy, and want of love and esteem do
prevail, such an order would undoubtedly increase them. Besides, we think
that itinerant preaching, properly so called, (i. e. when preaching is the prin-
cipal end for travel,) except by express order of Presbytery, hath no founda-
tion in the word of Grod. Even Paul and Barnabas had a particular order for
their travelling among the Gentiles. And therefore we propose that it still be
left as it always hath been, to the discretionary agreement of the ministers
concerned, when one minister shall preach in another's pulpit, and that no
minister be allowed to travel abroad to preach, i. e. for preaching's sake, with-
out an actual or virtual order from his respective Presbytery, together with the
concurrence of the Presbytery where he preaches.
On article fourth remark : This article is for substance the same with what
hath been in force and practice in all well regulated Presbyterian churches;
saving that the order of process is inverted or perverted, inasmuch as it puts
it in the accuser or prosecutor, to bring things per saltum, before a superior
jurisdiction. It is therefore our judgment, that according to the natural order
of things, and the known practice of all Presbyterian churches in the world,
that every person or case be tried by or before its next or lowest judicature to
which he or it is subject.
174 MINUTES OF THE [1744.
On the fifth remark : This article we approve on suiiposition, that union on
a good foundation were obtained ; otherwise we think this article, if in force,
would enjoin what is not only unreasonable but also impossible in the nature
of the thing, viz : That the Brunswick brethren and we should be sincere in
treating one another with the same intimate love, kindness, and respect, as if
such differences had never been, while yet we have received no satisfaction
for the past most public and injurious treatment, which we have suffered at
their hands. And to enjoin it, we think would be in the consequence of it,
foolish, wicked, and utterly inconsistent with the principles of rational self-
preservation, and the trust reposed in us by our exalted Lord. Inasmuch as it
would be to put it in the power of those who have been tearing our bowels,
and the bowels of Christ's church under our care these years past, to persist
without resistance in the same practice, and to act the same cruelty over again.
While we have not any reasonable scriptural evidence of their repentance for
past injuries, nor security against the like treatment for the future. Besides
that it is contrary to the general Scripture rules of dealing with scandalous
offenders. Them that sin rebuke before all. Count him, viz : the obstinate
offender as an heathen or publican, and avoid the authors of division as persons
who serve not the Lord Christ but their own bellies.
On article sixth remark : To give into this article would be to approve of
and confirm schism by our Synodical authority. For seeing the reason for
erecting such a new Synod, is because we cannot live in union and concord ;
surely one of the parties at least, must be certainly and really in the fault ;
and for our Synod to approve of a fiiulty party, separating on the score of con-
tention, is evidently to ratify schism by Synodical authority; besides, this
would infer our consenting to the perpetuating a continual temptation to build
up the interest of our own respective parties or Synods respectively, in oppo-
sition to one another, i. e. in opposition to the opposite Synod, which we our-
selves have erected and approved. Therefore we cannot in conscience com-
ply with it. But if our New York brethren, &c. shall now see cause, con-
trary to our judgment and inclination, to divide themselves from us, and to
erect themselves into a new separate body, as it is not in our power to hinder
them, though we cannot in conscience approve of their so doing, yet we hope,
that by the grace of God, we shall sincerely and conscientiously endeavour to
cherish and cultivate a truly Christian and charitable disposition towards them,
as far as such a contentious separation will allow, and as far as we can attain
unto, in opposition to the remains of the corruption and uncharitableness,
which we have reason to acknowledge doth too much and too often prevail in
and over us all. Provided always, that our brethren shall not hereby think
that we will bind ourselves from vindicating our conduct, with respect to this
breach in the most public manner, so that the Reformed churches and impartial
world may have an opportunity to judge in the affair.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d'clocl^j P. 31. jwst jyreces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. IMcDowell's affair referred to further consideration.
The time of meeting of the committee for the fund deferred,
Messrs. Andrews and Cross wrote to the General Assembly of the Church of
Scotland, according to appointment.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have supplied the people of
Abington divers times, according to last year's api)ointment.
Messrs. Alison and McDowell report, that they have writ to some gentlemen
in Virginia, acquainting them of our application to the General Assembly of
Scotland, as appointed last year.
1744.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 175
Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Cathcart, &c. report, that they wait€d on the
Governor with the address, according to appointment.
Mr. Bell materially appealed from a judgment of suspension laid on him
by the Presbytery of Donegall, and requested the Synod would appoint a
committee to meet at Donegall on that affixir. And it is ordered, that Messrs.
John Thomson, Robert Cross, Adam Boyd, Samuel Thomson, Hindman,
Gillespie, McDowell, and Griffith, be a committee to meet there the second
Wednesday of June next, at twelve o'clock, to hear and determine that affair,
and that Mr. Bell continue under suspension till the committee meet. And
it is further determined that a copy of this minute be sent to the congregation
of Donegall as soon as possible, and that Mr. Black or Mr. Elder take care
to deliver the said copy, to be communicated to the members, that they prepare
evidences and be ready for a trial of that affair. And it is ordered, that Mr.
Gillespie open the committee with a sermon.
A representation from many people of North Carolina, was laid before the
Synod showing their desolate condition, and requesting the Synod to take
their estate into consideration, and petitioning that we would appoint one of
our number to correspond with them. Ordered, That Mr. John Thomson
correspond with them.
Ordered, That Messrs. David Evans, Samuel Evans, and Griffith, write to
Wales, representing the state of our church, and to desire a probationer may
be sent from them to us if they possibly can.
Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
25th day, at ten o^ clock. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
New Castle Presbytery desiring Mr. McDowell might be entirely loosed
from Donegall and joined to them ; and Mr. McDowell desiring the advice of
the Synod to determine him in this affiiir, it was unanimously voted that he
should be joined to New Castle Presbytery, and the congregation of Notting-
ham is continued and wholly joined with New Castle Presbytery.
The affair of the fund deferred.
A letter from Mr. Hutchinson, containing his opinion of the proceedings of
the Synod and New-Brunswick party, and advices to the Synod, was read be-
fore us. And the Sjmod judges, that so far as his advices appear agreeable to
the word of God, they have walked agreeable to them, and hope they will
endeavour still to make conscience of doing so. Ordered, That Mr. Alison
write to Mr. Hutchinson an answer to his letter.
The minutes of a committee held at the great valley, November 16th, 1743,
by a private agreement between the Presbyteries of Philadelphia, New Castle,
and Donegall, were laid before us, showing that the said dommittee consid-
ered the necessity of using speedy endeavours to educate youth for supply-
ing our vacancies. But the proper method for this end cannot be so well com-
passed without the Synod ; they refer the further consideration of the affair to
that reverend body, but agree that in the mean time a school be opened for the
education of youth. And the Synod now approve that design, and take the
said school under our eare, and agree upon the following plan for carrying on
that design :
1. That there be a school kept open where all persons who please may send
their children and have them instructed gratis in the languages, philosophy, and
divinity.
2. In order to carry on this design, it is agreed that every congregation
under our care, be applied to for yearly contributions, more or less, as they can
afford, and as God may incline them to contribute, until Providence open a door
for our supporting the school some other way.
3. That if any thing can be spared besides what may support a master
276 MINUTES OF THE [1744.
and tutor, that it be employed by tlie trustees for buying books and other
necessaries for said school, and for the benefit of it, as the trustees shall
see proper. And Mr. Alison is chosen master of said school, and has the
privilege of choosing an usher under him to assist him; and the said Mr,
Alison" is exempted from all public business, save only attending church
judicatures, and what concerns his particular pastoral charge. And the
SjTiod agree to allow 3Ir. Alison twenty pounds per annum, and the usher
fiftost preces sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery of Donegall report that they have ordained ]Mr. Joseph Tate
since our last, having adopted the Westminster Confession of Faith, and Cate-
chisms, according to the order of this Synod.
Mr. David Brown returned to Scotland since our last.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Cowell, Guild, Cathcart, Alison,
McDowell, Steel, Boyd, Elder, and Thom, be a commission of the Synod, and
committee for the fund, for the following year, and that Robert Matthews,
George Currie, Thomas James, and William Lindsay, be joined as elders, and
that any five of said number, with the moderator, be a quorum.
Ordered, Messrs. Cross and Boyd to revise New Castle Presbytery book.
Donegall Presbytery book not brought to Synod.
Ordered, That Messrs. Alison and Tate revise the Presbytery book of Phila-
delphia.
Messrs. Cross and Alison brought money to the fund.
The affair of the school referred.
Ordered, That Mr. Timothy Griffith supply Tredryfrin as often as he can till
our next.
Mr. Francis Alison informs that he has received some part of the debt due
to our fund by Mr. Anderson's estate, and that his attorney reports that it is
put on a proper footing to recover it to our satisfaction in some years.
196 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
The order to Mr. Cross to recover the sum due to our fund by Mr. Gelston
and Cunningham, is continued.
The order to supply the inhabitants of Virginia by two missionaries, who
are to be out eight weeks each of them, every year, continued.
3Iessrs. Zanchy and Steel have supplied them according to our orders.
Ordered, That Mr. Joseph Tate go out eight Sabbaths to Virginia this fall
and Mr. McHenry as many in the spring, and that their respective Presby-
teries take care to supply their congregations in their absence, the one-half of
the time.
The affair of the fund referred till our nest.
Mr. Alison requested that he might be allowed to join with the Presbytery
of Philadelphia, the consideration whereof is deferred till our next sederunt.
Mr. Cross requested supplies for his congregation for some Sabbaths, till it
please God that he recover his health again.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the school taken into consideration, and after a due inquiry
into the state of it, the Synod unanimously came to the followino- resolu-
tion, viz. ^
That the Synod will allow Mr. Alison thirty pounds per annum for teach-
ing, and they shall be allowed the privilege to exempt any scholars from pay-
ing, that the trustees of the school judge unable to bear the expenses of edu-
cation, and that he be allowed in all other respects to demand and receive as
much for all others as he thinks fit, or is usual for teaching, and that the com-
mittee appointed last year shall meet the second Wednesday in March and
visit the school. "^ '
The affair of the fund deferred till to-morrow mornino-.
Mr. Cross desired that his congregation might be supplied by the Synod till
he recovered his health. ''
Ordered, That Mr. Guild supply the first Sabbath in June, Mr. Cowell the
second Mr^ Alison the third, and Mr. Cathcart the fourth, Mr. Steel the next,
and that Mr^ Cross or his congregation be allowed a discretionary power to
mvite any other of the brethren till the commission meets in the fall
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer.
1750.
„. _ , May2.M,l1bQ.
inc hyno(^ met according to adjournment, and several members beina ex-
pected who are not yet come, the Synod chose to defer entering on busines°s till
to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
May 24, at nine d clock, A. M. Ubi post preces sederunt
Ca^eTfnd Tatf ^'''^^ ^'''''- "^"^^ ^^''^''''' ^'^^> ^^^''> Zanchy, Craig,
_^^Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Cross, Cowell, Guild, McHenry, and
HamiLn:tdSS7lLm ^^^^ ''^''"^^' ^'^^^' '^^^^^^"' ^^^**^' «*-''
Elders : Thomas Hope, Arthur Foster, William Watson, William Sherron
Jame. r' ^'^'' ^^^^^-k^^, William Neill, William Gillespie, Thomas
Wm am sToT ^'^'''' ^ ''""" ^^^'''^' ^'"^^^ Mcllvaine, Daniel Ogden, and
1750.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 197
Absent from Doncgall Presbytery : Mr. Samuel Thomson and Black. From
Pliiladelphia : Mr. Evans. From New Castle : Mr. Gillespie.
Mr. Steel chosen moderator, and Mr. Tate clerk.
The Synod was opened with a sermon on Rom. xiv. 19, by Mr. Griffith.
Mr. Thom is deceased since our last.
Messrs. Zanchy and Caven's absence excused for reasons. Messrs. Gil-
lespie's, McDowell's, Hamilton's and Alison's reasons for their absence sus-
tained.
The commissioners appointed to treat with the delegates from the Synod
of New York, met with them at Trenton the first Wednesday of October,
and inform us, that after some time spent, they could do nothing further to
procure a union till the meeting of both Synods, by reason of some of the
brethren of the Synod of New York, concerning the explication of their own
plan, which they had offered to this Synod, upon which it was unanimously
agreed, that every member of both Synods should study peace and friendship,
and that the brethren of York Synod should communicate whatever other pro-
posal they think necessary for procuring a union to us at the next synodical
meeting, by Mr. Hazard, and that we should send them our answer by the
same gentleman.
We find that Mr. Gilbert Tennent has delivered to Mr. Cross the copy of
a minute of the Synod of New York, at their sessions in Maidenhead^ May
the 17th, 1750, which is laid before us, and is as follows :
The consideration of the union being reassumed, according to the conclu-
sion of the commissioners of both Synods, the Synod is sorry that they can-
not proceed to make further proposals at this time, through the absence of last
year's clerk, and by that means the want of the minutes and the copy of the
former plan, but still profess their design to enter upon the affair of the union
at their nest sessions, and in the mean time to maintain a spirit of candour and
friendship.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent to the Rev. Mr. Gilbert Ten-
nent, who is hereby appointed to deliver it to the Synod of Philadelphia, at the
beginning of their next session.
A true copy, Test. Thomas Arthur, Clerk.
The Synod having considered the report of the commissioners, and the
minute of the Synod of New York, which was laid before them, are sorry a
thing so much desired by us could not be prosecuted as our brethren of the
Synod of New York intended, but expecting that we shall at their next synodi-
cal meeting, have our expectations answered, by such proposals as shall effec-
tually promote union, shall heartily join with them in the mean time in pur-
suing such measures as shall promote candour and friendship.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be given to the Rev. Mr. Gilbert
Tennent.
The affair of the Great Valley referred.
Ordered,_That Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Cowell, Cathcart, Boyd, Griffith,
Francis Alison, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of
the Synod for the ensuing year, and the committee for the fund, and that any
five be a quorum, if called by the moderator, and that John Cross, Thomas
James and William Neal, be joined as elders in the affair of the fund.
New Castle Presbytery book not here.
Ordered, That the Presbyterial books be brought to our next Synod.
The following brethren brought money for the fund, Messrs. Elder, Craig,
Tate, Cross, Alison, McDowell, Steel, and Hamilton.
The order on Mr. Cross with respect to the sum due by Messrs. Gelston and
Cunningham, continued.
Messrs. McHenry and Tate fulfilled their appointments in Virginia.
198 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
Ordered, That Mr. Griffith supply the back inhabitants in Virginia, eight
Sabbaths this fall, and that Mr. Samuel Thomson supply them eight Sabbaths
in the spring, and as much more as he can.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three ddoch, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui siq^ra.
The affiiir of the Great Valley referred. The affair of the school and fund
referred.
The congregation of the Great Valley is remitted to the care of the Presby-
tery of Philadelphia, and that Mr. Griffith supply said congregation as fre-
quently as possible.
Upon reading a supplication from Brown Meeting-house in Virginia, the
Synod appoint a committee to meet on the place, viz. Messrs. John Thomson,
Black, and Griffith, and that they or any two of them, shall endeavour to regu-
late that, and all other such affiiirs as shall come before them.
The Synod resolved into a committee of the whole house.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
3Iai/ the 25tJi, A. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui sitpra.
An affair concerning promises of marriage between and a young wo-
man being laid before the Synod by the Presbytery of New Castle, the Synod
on the consideration thereof, and because desired, on some accounts, to
be loosed from said obligation, and it was found the young woman scrupled
the lawfulness of their being loosed from said obligation, the first question put
in the affair was. Whether a single man and woman having promised mar-
riage to each other, may lawfully agree again to release each other from the
promise ; and after mature deliberation, the Synod resolved the case, that it was
lawful, nemine contradicente.
Ordered, That Messrs. Thomson and Cathcart, go with to the young
woman, in order to acquaint her with the Synod's opinion to endeavour to issue
that affair.
being called before the Synod and asked, whether he had promised to
this young woman marriage, he acknowledged he had, and that he was culpable
in entering into such rash and unwarrantable methods of engaging.
The question was put censure or not, and it was carried censure.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^ clock, P. 31. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of reassumed. Another question was put, what censure is
to be inflicted upon him for his misconduct in the above mentioned affair ?
And after serious consideration and much reasoning on this head, the Synod
came to a resolution, that a rebuke before the Synod was necessary to show
our detestation of such rash proceedings in young people. And that Mr. John
Thomson admonish him.
being called, the minute in respect to his affair was read and he cen-
sured accordingly, to which he submitted.
The Synod being informed, that two young men were ready to offer them-
selves to examination by the Synod or committee, according to the act, Messrs.
Thomson, Elder, Zanchy, Cross, McHenry, Guild, McDowell, Steel, and
Cathcart, were appointed to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock,
to examine them, and that as many of the other brethren as think fit may
attend.
The affair of the fund and school continued.
Adjourned till nine, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1751.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 199
May 26, nine o'cloch, A. M. Uhi j)ost preces sederunt qui svpra.
Tlie committee appointed to examine the candidates attended according to
appointment, and report to the Synod that they approve of them.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next.
Concluded with prayer.
1751.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Mai/ 2'2d, 1751. Ubi post preces sederunt
Members of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, Black, and Tate.
Absent : John Thomson, Zanchy, S. Thomson, and Craig.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross and McHenry. Absent : Messrs.
Elmer, Cowell, and Guild.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Cathcart, Francis Alison, Steel, Hector
Alison, and Griffith. Absent : Messrs. Gillespie, McDowell, and Hamilton.
Elders : Messrs. Andrew Wilson, William Armstrong, David Craig, Robert
Matthews, John McMichael, George Currie, Andrew Porter, James Mcllvaine,
Thomas James, and William Ramsey.
Mr. Robert Cross chosen moderator, and Mr. Hector Alison clerk.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 1 Cor. iv. 2, by Mr. John Steel.
Mr. Samuel Caven is deceased since our last, and likewise Mr. David
Evans.
The affair of Mr. Samuel Evans referred. The affair of the union referred.
Ordered, That Messrs. McHenry, Cowell, Cathcart, Boyd, Griffith Elder,
Francis Alison, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of the
Synod for the ensuing year, and be the committee for the fund, and that four
with the moderator be a quorum ; and that Robert Mathies, George Currie, and
William Armstrong, be joined in the affair of the fund.
Ordered, The Presbyteries' books be brought to the next Synod.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, the following
brethren brought : Messrs. Boyd, Tate, Cross, Cathcart, Alison, and Steel.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross write to Lewistown, to put them in mind of their
duty concerning the fund.
]Mr. Elder's affiiir referred. The affair of the school referred.
The order on Mr. Cross with respect to the sums due by Messrs. Gelston and
Cunningham, be continued.
Adjourned till nine o'clock in the morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 23, nine o'clock, A. M. U hi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Mr. Samuel Evans continued. The affair of the union continued.
Mr. Elder's affair continued. The affair of the school continued.
Mr. Griffith fulfilled his appointment in Virginia.
Mr. Thomson failed to fulfil his appointments in Virginia, and excused.
Ordered, That Mr. Hector Alison supply the back parts of Virginia eight
Sabbaths next fall.
Ordered, That Mr. Smith supply the back parts of Virginia eight Sabbaths
next spring.
Ordered, That Mr. Black supply Buffalo settlement and adjacent places four
Sabbaths before our next.
Ordered, That Mr. Craig supply about Roanoke and Reedy Creek, and places
adjacent, three Sabbaths, and the South Branch of Potomac and places adjacent,
three Sabbaths more before our next.
200 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
Ordered, That Mr. Smith supply at Norriugton the ensuing Sabbath, and at
the Great Valley the Tuesday following.
The affiiir of the school and fund continued.
Mr. Griffith complied with the appointment of the Synod with respect to the
Great Valley.
Mr. Griffith met at Brown's meeting-house in Virginia, according to appoint-
ment, and none other of the members meeting, nor both parties, nothing was
done in the affair.
Ordered, Messrs. Black and Alison meet next fall at Brown's meeting-
house to try what they can do in the affair, and report the same to the Synod
next meeting.
Messrs. Thomson and Cathcart met at White Clay Creek, according to last
year's appointment, about Mr. Alison's affair, and though they then had not
full satisfaction of' seeing that affair concluded at that time, yet the Synod is
now fully satisfied by credible information, that all obligations between said
parties are mutually discharged to the satisfaction of both.
Commissioners from Norrington petitioned the Synod for supplies for the
ensuing year, which is referred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d clock, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Upon considering the conduct of Mr. Samuel Evans, which was referred to
the Synod for advices, it is agreed : That Mr. Evans having acted disorderly in
dissolving the pastoral relation between himself and his people, and having
travelled to England again and again, without certificates by way of recom-
mendation to the churches in that part of the world ; and having in other things
acted, from time to time, in a way unsuitable to his character as a gospel
minister, we disown him as a member of this Synod until he give us satisfaction
by a return to his duty, and amend his life and conduct.
The affair of the union continued. Mr. Elder's affair continued. The affair
of the school continued. .
The affair of the Great Valley and Norrington came under consideration,
and appointed that Mr. McHenry supply the first Sabbath of August, of Feb-
ruary, and May, at Norrington, if they be vacant; and that Mr. Cowell and
Guild supply the same plac« the first Sabbath of July, September, October,
December and January ; and that Mr. Griffith supply them one Sabbath before
December next, and must acquaint them of the day.
Ordered, That Mr. Griffith supply the congregation of the Great Valley
one Sabbath in the mouth until the candidates are licensed, and the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia agrees that these congregations may apply to New
Castle Presbytery for supplies from the said candidates when licensed, by
turns, and that Mr. McHenry supply the Great Valley the first Sabbath of
November.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
May 2'ith, at nine o'clock, A. 31. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the union continued. Mr. Elder's affair continued. The
affair of the school continued.
Upon considering the affair of the union, our Synod sent a messenger to
Mr. Hazard's to see whether the Synod of New York had left any proposals
with him to be delivered to us, to which he answered, they had ; but that he
was ordered not to deliver them to us without receiving our proposals to
them.
1751.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 201
The Synod finding that there was some misapprehension between them
and the Synod of New York, about the meaning of both parties delivering
their proposals sealed to Mr. Hazard, came to the following resolution :
That since our brethren will not allow us to see their proposals till we give
ours in writing, which our commissioners to Trenton do not agree to be the
intention of that proposal ; but that this method was intended to prevent cla-
mour and misrepresentations. We are determined to send them our proposals
as soon as possible, but the minutes of our proceeding in that afi"air, being in
Mr. McHenry's hands, so that we cannot proceed as we could wish, we
recommend it to our brethren, to use all endeavours to promote a healing
spirit, so that our designs may be brought to a comfortable issue, and we shall,
through divine assistance, labour to do the same ; and we shall meet for this
purpose the first Wednesday of September next, in Philadelphia, that the
Synod of New York may have an opportunity of considering our overtures,
and taking proper measures for the concluding a union, which may be of much
advantage to this church.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be delivered to the Kev. Mr. Gilbert
Tennent.
Ordered, That Mr. Hector Alison stay in town till he transcribe our minutes
for these years past, and that he be paid out of the fun4 for this service, and
for settling the accounts of the fund.
Adjourned "till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. 31. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod being informed that Mr. Hugh Knox and Mr. John Alison, are
waiting on them to be examined according to the rules of this Synod, it is
agreed that they attend the Presbytery of New Castle, at Elk Ptiver, the first
Tuesday of August, and be examined by them, and that Messrs. Boyd and Tate
correspond with them at that time.
The afiiiir of the school considered, and ordered, That four scholars be en-
tirely exempted from paying, and the residue of the twenty pounds is to be divi-
ded among such as Mr. Alison shall think fit. Three being mentioned for this
purpose.
Ordered, That the last year's minute relating to the school be continued.
Ordered, to allow Mr. Gillespie five pounds out of the fund for building
his meeting-house, and five pounds to Mr. Elder, the first to be paid on demand^
and the last at our next meeting in September.
Adjourned till the first Wednesday of September ensuing.
Concluded with prayer.
1751.
The Synod met according to adjournment at four o'clock, P. M.
September 4t7i, 1751. V hi post preces sederunt
Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, and Zanchy.
Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross and McHenry.
New Castle Presbytery: Messrs. Cathcart, Alison, Steel, and Hector
Alison.
Elders: Messrs. Robert Chambers, John Watt, Robert Mathies, James
Scot.
Mr. Cross continued moderator, and Hector Alison clerk.
Absent from Donegall Presbytery: Messrs. Thomson, Tate, Craig, and
Black. From Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Cowell, and Guild. From
26
202 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
New Castle Presbytery: Messrs. Gillespie, McDowell, Griffith, and Ha-
milton.
Ordered, That Messrs. McHenry, Cowell, Cathcart, Boyd, Griffith, Elder,
Francis Alison, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of the
Synod for the ensuing year, and be the commiteee for the fund. And that
four with the moderator be a quorum.
And ordered, That the Presbytery of New Castle examine the young men
next October, who offered themselves to trials at the last meeting of our
Synod.
Ordered, That the Presbytery Books be brought against our next
Synod.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross either get in the interest due upon our bonds, or
that he sue for the principal and interest, and that it be reported at our next
sederunt what interest is due, and in whose name the bonds are taken.
Ordered, That the minutes of our last be consulted with reference to our
Synodical appointments.
The affixir of the school continued, as we determined at our last meeting, to
the minutes of which we refer for further information.
The affair of the union of the two Synods taken under consideration.
Ordered, That a copy of the proposals of the Synod of New York for a
union with this Synod in the year 1749, which were hitherto omitted, be now
inserted ; which are as follow :
The Synod of New York are deeply sensible of the many unhappy conse-
quences that flow from our present divided state, and have with pleasure ob-
served a spirit of moderation increasing between many of the members of both
Synods ; this opens a door of hope, that if we were united in one body we
might be able to carry on the designs of religion in future peace and agree-
ment, to our mutual satisfaction ; and though we retain the same sentiments
of the work of God which we formerly did, yet we esteem mutual forbear-
ance our duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith, and Direc-
tory of worship. We would, therefore, humbly propose to our brethren of
the Synod of Philadelphia, that all our former differences be buried in perpet-
ual oblivion, and that for the time to come both Synods be united in one, and
thenceforth there be no contention among us, but to carry it towards each
other in the most peaceable and brotherly manner, which we are persuaded
will be for the honour of our Master, the credit of our profession, and the edi-
fication of the churches committed to our care. Accordingly we appoint the
Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Gilbert Tennent, Ebenezer Pemberton, and Aaron
Burr, to be our delegates to wait upon the Synod of Philadelphia with these
proposals, and if they shall see meet to join with us in this desirable design,
we think it would be best to appoint a commission of both the Synods to meet
at such time and place as they shall choose, and finally to determine this
affair. And to preserve the common peace we would desire that all names of
distinction which have been made use of in the late times, be for ever abolished ;
that every member give his consent to the Westminister Confession of
Faith and Directory, according to the plan formerly agreed to by the Synod
of Philadelphia, in the year 1729. Further, that every member promise that
after any question has been determined by a major vote, he will actively con-
cur, or passively submit, to the judgment of the body, but if his conscience
permit him to comply with neither of these, that then he shall be obliged
peaceably to withdraw from our synodical communion, without any attempt
to make a schism or division among us. This is not intended to extend to
any cases but those which the Synod judge essential to the maintaining of
doctrine, discipline, and worship ; that all our present congregations be ac-
knowledged as congregations belonging to the Synod, but to belong to the
1751.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 203
same Presbytery as they now do, till a favourable opportunity presents for an
advantageous alteration. That we all agree to esteem and treat it as a culpa-
ble evil to accuse any of our members of error in doctrine, or immorality in
conversation, any otherwise than by private reproof, till the accusation has
been brought before a regular judicature, and issued according to the known
rules of our discipline. Signed per order of the Synod,
Per SAxMUEL Finly, Synod Clerk.
The delegates from the Synod of New York agreed to the following con-
cessions and amendments in the forementioned proposals, which, according
to the references in them are as follow :
1. Though great and good men have been of different opinions.
2. Always reserving a liberty for such dissenting members to lay their
grievances before the Synod in a peaceable manner. N. B. What remains of
the sentence to be erased.
That there be no intrusions into the bounds of Presbyteries, or pastoral
charges, against the inclination of the Presbyteries or pastors.
That all candidates for the work of the sacred ministry either be examined
and approved by the Synod or its commission, previous to their admission
upon trials by any of our Presbyteries ; or else, that they be obliged to obtain
a college diploma, or a certificate from the president or trustees of the college,
that they have been examined and found qualified.
Mr. Grilbert Tennent only objected against the synodical examination of
young men.
Agreed that the commissioners ripen things for our next synodical meet-
ing, but not finally determine any thing.
The commissions of the Synods of Philadelphia and New York met each
other according to agreement at Trenton, Mr. Cowell chosen moderator, and
Thomas Arthur clerk.
Some difiiculties arising in the conversations of the commissioners of both
Synods, they came finally and unanimously into this agreement, that both
Synods at their next meeting, do more fully prepare, and then interchange,
mutual proposals for an accommodation, and in the mean time there be a mu-
tual endeavour to cultivate a spirit of candour and friendship.
Thomas Arthur, Clerk.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
September the bth. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The order relating to the fund continued.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. Uhi post pireces sedenmt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The Synod having maturely and seriously considered the affair of the
union, agreed at last, ncmine contnuUcente, that the following terms be pro-
posed to the Synod of New York, and that Hector Alison transcribe them
against our next meeting.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
Scptemher the Gth. Lhi post preces sederunt qui sup>ra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The proposals wore transcribed and brought in according to appointment,
which were approved, and sent to Mr. Hazard, and are as follow :
204 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
" The Synod of Philadelphia being deeply sensible of the unhappy con-
sequences of division, arc willing with pleasure, to listen to proposals for heal-
ing the breaches between the two Synods, and as the Synod of York ex-
presses an earnest desire of an union, that we may be able jointly to carry on
the design of religion in future peace and agreement, we have considered your
plan of an accommodation laid before us in the year 1749, and find that it has
a peaceable tendency, and for this reason we determine to comply with the
proposals you laid down, as closely and as far as we can expect to preserve
our future peace and agreement, and to mention briefly the plan of union and
rules of our conduct for time to come towards each other, and in our judica-
tures. We propose, therefore, (as the Synod of York have proposed to us,)
we agree that all names of distinctions which have been made use of in late
times, be for ever abolished.
2. " That every member give his assent to the Westminster Confession of
Faith and Directory, according to the plan agreed on in our Synod, and that
no acts be made but concerning matters that appear to the body plain duty, or
concerning opinions that we believe relate to the great truths of religion, and
that all public and fundamental agreements of this Synod stand safe.
3. " That every member engage that after any question has been deter-
mined by a major vote, he will actively concur, or passively submit, to the
judgment of the body, or if his conscience permit him to comply with neither
of these, he shall be obliged to withdraw peaceably, always reserving him a
liberty to sue for a review, and to lay his grievances before the body in a
Christian manner.
4. " That we agree to esteem it a culpable evil, and treat it as such, to ac-
cuse any of our brethren of error in doctrine, or immorality in practice, other-
wise than by private admonition, or to spread evil surmises that he is grace-
less, or unconverted, till the accusation has been brought before a regular
judicature, and issued according to the rules of well known church discipline.
5. " That no intrusions into the bounds of any of our Presbyteries, or pas-
toral charges, without the consent of the Presbytery, or minister, be first ob-
tained implicitly or explicitly ; and that no person be excluded from any of
our judicatures without regular proceedings, accoi'ding to our known rules of
church discipline ; and that all candidates for the sacred work of the ministry
be either examined by the Synod, or their commission, and be approved by
them, in the languages and philosophy, or shall be obliged to bring a college
certificate or diploma, to assert that they are suitably qualified according to
tbe rules of that college, before they be admitted to trials in any of our Pres-
byteries, and we promise that we will encourage them to fall in with this last
as the most honourable and customary.
6. " We propose, according to the first article, that all names of distinc-
tion shall be for ever abolished, and for this purpose we think it necessary
that our Presbyteries shall be made up every where of the ministers that live
contiguous to one another, so that there shall be no such party names, as old
and new Presbyteries, for old and new congregations to repair to, that they
may obtain ministers bearing party names ; and that if any miniver shall be
dissatisfied to sit with the Presbytery that is next to him, he shall, upon ap-
plication to the Synod, have liberty to join with the neighbouring Presbytery
which he shall choose, if they think it for edification to allow him the liberty.
7. " And though we cannot Imt lament the divisive practices that have been
carried on in this church these several years, so much to the disadvantage of
religion, yet out of a sincere regard to the peace of the church we propose
that such congregations where there are new erections, each of which are able
to support a minister, be continued, and that such congregations where there
1752.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 205
are two parties, and neither supplied with a minister, that all care be taken by
the Presbytery to which they belong to unite them, but that where any erec-
tions have been made by these practices to the prejudice of former standing
congregations, and said erections supplied with ministers, that said ministers
be removed, and all proper methods taken to heal the breach.
And though this last proposal may seem to bear hard on some ministers,
yet we hope that few will be affected by it, and that these may find more com-
fortable settlements in our numerous vacancies, and be more extensively ser-
viceable in Christ's vineyard ; and upon these terms we heartily agree with
the Synod of York, that since we profess the same Confession of Faith, and
Directory for worship, all our former differences be buried in perpetual obli-
vion, and that henceforth there be no contention among us but to carry it
towards each other in the most amicable and brotherly manner.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May. Concluded with prayer.
1752.
The Synod of Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
May 27, 1752. Uhi post preces sederunt
From Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, Thomson, Tate. Absent :
Messrs. Zanchy, Craig, Black. Present, Mr. Smith.
Philadelphia : Messrs. Cross, Cowell, and McHenry. Absent : Messrs.
Elder and Guild.
\cw Castle : Messrs. Cathcart, Francis Alison, McDowell, Griffith, Steel,
and Hector Alison. Absent : Messrs. Gillespie and Hamilton.
Elders : Messrs. Thomas Hope, Thomas Dugan, James Murphie, Andrew
Boggs, John Cross, Hugh Ferguson, James Smith, Nathaniel Williams, Fran-
cis Williamson, John Hall, John McNeal, James Pagan.
Mr. Cowell moderator, Mr. Sampson Smith clerk.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 1 Tim. iv. 16, by Mr. Cross, last
year's moderator.
The Presbytery of Donegall ordained Mr. Sampson Smith to the work of
the ministry since our last meeting, who is now received as a member of this
Synod.
Mr. Thomson's last year's absence excused for indisposition. Mr. Cow-
ell's absence excused. Mr. McDowell excused for reasons given.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Cathcart Griffith, McHenry, Elder,
McDowell, Tate, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, and
the committee for the fund j and that four with the moderator be a quoroum.
And that John Cross, James Murphey, and Hugh Ferguson, elders, be joined
in the affair of the fund.
Ordered, That the Presbyteries bring in their books against our next.
Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, the following
brethren, Messrs. McHenry, Boyd, Tate, Steel, McDowell, Cathcart, brought
something.
The consideration of the collection of the fund referred.
Ordered, That Mr. Cross let Mr. Gelston know that the Synod will remit
the interest of the money which he owes them, provided that he forthwith
pays the principal.
The affair of the school deferred.
Mr. Hector Alison and Mr. Smith fulfilled their appointments in Virginia.
Further appointments to Virginia deferred.
Adjoui-ned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
200 MINUTES OP THE [1752.
3Iay 28(71, at niiie ddoch, A. M. Ubi post preces sederunt qui sitpra.
The Synod met according to adjourment. The consideration of the collection
for the fund referred. The affixir of the school referred.
The affiiir of the union deferred.
The petition of Catharine Cowan was brought in and read ; the Synod refer
this aflair to the Presbytery of Donegall, together with Messrs. Cathcart,
McDowell, Griffith, and Steel, as correspondents from the Pesbytery of New
Castle, to meet at Octorara the second Tuesday of August, and that Mr. Boyd's
session give notice to all parties concerned.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
3Iay 2St7i, at three o^cloch, P. M. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The consideration of the collection for the fund deferred. The affair of the
school deferred. The affair of the union deferred. The consideration of the
supplication from Virginia resumed.
Ordered, That Mr. McCannan supply the congregations of North and South
Mountain, Timber Grove, North River, and Cook's Creek, and at John Hin-
son's until the middle of October next chiefly, and at other vacancies as often
as he can. And that Mr. Kinkead shall supply the same from the middle of
November next until the first of March, provided he has not received a call,
and in that case he shall continue eight weeks only.
Ordered also, That Mr. Craig supply these vacancies at their request, and
that Messrs. McCannan and Craighead supply his congregation, if rec^uired,
the half of the time he is absent.
A letter from the Synod of New York was brought in and read.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Alison, Steel, McDowell, Elder, Boyd,
McHenry, and the moderator, be a committee to consider the same, and draw
an answer, and present it to the Synod for their approbation.
The Synod having deliberately considered the affair of Mr. Alison's remo-
val to Philadelphia, referred to them by the Presbytery of New Castle, judge
that the method he used is contrary to the Presbyterian plan. Yet con-
sidering that the circumstances which urged him to take the method he used,
were very pressing, and that it was indeed almost impracticable to him to
apply for the consent of Presbytery or Synod, in the orderly way ; and fur-
ther, being persuaded that Mr. Alison's being employed in such a station in
the academy, has a favourable aspect in several respects, and a very probable
tendency, not only to promote the good of the public, but also of the church,
as he may be serviceable to the interests thereof in teaching philosophy and
divinity, as far as his obligations to the academy will permit, we judge that
his proceedings in said affair, are in a great measure excusable. Withal, the
Synod advises, that for the future, its members be very cautious and guard
against such proceedings as are contrary to our known approved methods in
such cases.
Adjourned till ten o^ clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
May 29^7t. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met at ten o'clock, according to adjournment.
Mr. Francis Alison requested that he should be allowed to sit as a member
of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, seeing he was settled in their bounds ; and
it is ordered that he belong to said Presbytery.
Affair of fund, collection, and school, &c. deferred.
1752.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 207
The committee appointed to consider the terms of accommodation offered us
by the Synod of New York, brought in an overture, which was considered and
approved, and is as follows :
" Upon perusal of yours, our pleasing views of a comfortable union, from
repeated intimations of your readiness to comply with what appeared reason-
able, are considerably abated ; especially as we apprehend you receding further
from a union, and from your own former proposals in order thereunto, which
we shall fully point out, being persuaded it is our duty, being willing for and
desirous of a reasonable accommodation.
'■'■ 1st. You have repeatedly proposed that all former differences be buried
in perpetual oblivion, which you apprehend for the honour of our Master, the
credit of our profession, and the edification of the church. How, consistently
therewith, do you insist that the protestation of the Synod, in the year 1741,
be declared void and of none effect ? and that this declaration shall be a term
of union, since the Synod have assured you, and are willing to declare, that
upon the union, they shall act and carry it towards you as if this protestation
had never been made, looking upon the design of the protestation answered
by reasonable terms of union ; and if any thing further be intended by your
insisting that said protestation be declared void and of no effect, we assure you
we are well satisfied that said protestation was made on sufficient and justi-
fiable grounds, and we are not in the least convinced that the Synod acted
wrong in said step.
"2dly. You insist that Presbyteries shall continue as they are, and declare
you see no reason to dissolve the new modeled Presbyteries. How is this con-
sistent with your proposals, that all differences be perpetually buried, and that
all names and distinctions be for ever abolished ; nay, how can you reconcile it
in your own minds with the peace of this church, the valuable end to be
aimed at by the union ? besides we acquainted you, that an uniting of Pres-
byteries appeared to us so requisite to the peace of our church, that unless
your delegates had given us, by their concessions, ground to believe your
Synod would have consented to this, we should have looked upon any attempt
for union as vain and useless.
" And your own former proposals on this head, viz : that congregations as
they are at present, should belong to the same Presbytery they now do, till a
favourable opportunity of an advantageous alteration, gave us ground to appre-
hend that you would consent, from the apparent necessity of the thing, to this
advantageous alteration.
" odly. You have formerly declared, that though your sentiments, of what
you esteemed a work of Grod, continued the same, yet you judged mutual for-
bearance your duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith and
Directory for worship. But now you seem to insist on a joint testimony for
such a glorious work of Grod, in the late religious appearances, as a term of
union, by making it one of your proposals for peace and union, that you hope
both Synods will go into such a testimony. How is this consistent with your
former professed sentiments of the duty of forbearance in said case, and with your
declared sentiments, that no difference in judgment in cases of plain sin and
duty, and opinions relating to the great truths of religion, is a sufficient reason
why the differing member should be obliged to withdraw, unless the said plain
duty or truth be judged by the body essential, in doctrine or discipline ? And
we think it strange you would insist on this or even mention it as a proposal
for union, seeing your delegates before us conceded that both great and good
men had differed from them on that head, besides your own declaration on
that affair, viz : that you doubt not but that there were several follies and ex-
travagancies of the people and artifices of Satan intermixed with what you call
a glorious work of God's Spirit, plainly evince the difficulty of such a testi-
208
MINUTES OF THE [1752.
mony, especially to such who cannot easily be persuaded to declare that these
religious appearances were a saving work of God's Spirit.
" Besides, in order to such a testimony, in an affair confessedly difficult,
that it be consistent with reason and a good conscience, we apprehend that it
is your business and duty who hope for, and insist on such^ testimony, that you
point out what you believe to be a glorious work of God's Spirit in the late
relif'ious appearances, and what to be the follies and extravagancies of the
people, and the artifices of Satan, that so a distinct testimony be given for the
encouragement of the one, and for preventing the other, and undeceiving many
among The simple and ignorant who may have mistaken the one for the other,
and yet continue in the mistake.
" 4thly. We have condescended for the sake of peace, that all the minis-
ters belonging to your Synod, and all their congregations, should belong to
this body ; but when intrusions have been made by disorderly ministers into
our congregations, so as to render them incapable to perform their solemn en-,
gagementslo their pastors, we think these things that are so unjust ought to
be°rectified, yet, if consistent with the rights of gospel ministers, you can find
a salve for this difficulty, we will gladly approve of it.
"5thly. As for our sentiments in other affairs, relating to the proposed
union, we refer you to our late proposals, which we apprehend just and rea-
sonable, and as yet see no just reasons to recede from, or make any material
abatements of them ; and particularly in regard to proposals for deciding affairs
by majority of vote, we apprehend it strictly Presbyterian and reasonable, and
are not convinced that the alteration in that article proposed by you about what
is essential and what not, is necessary; nay, we apprehend that such an altera-
tion as stated by you, has a bad aspect, and opens a door for an unjustifiable
latitude both in principles and practice,
" 6thly. We are much satisfied to hear you propose that young men should
bring college certificates, seeing that you have now, by the goodness of Divine
Providence, a college erected. We are and ever were as much for this, and
more than some of these brethren who once belonged to this Synod ; and we
would put you in mind that there were colleges erected in reach of your youth
before you had one in New Jersey. But no regard was to be paid to our re-
peated desires and public votes that our young men should have education,
and certificates from them, when it was proposed by our Synod; and we
think that our Synod may find, among their number, men as well qualified to
examine and judge of men's abilities as either the tutors, trustees, or rectors
of your college, so that we think the approbation of our Synod, or committee,
a good alternative, and yet will give it up if you oblige all your candidates to
bring college certificates, unless in extraordinary cases, and these shall be settled
to prevent such disorders as we have seen and felt in time past.
"At present we are well pleased with any degree of a disposition towards
peace and union professed by you, and are resolved to cultivate and improve,
in ourselves, and others in any measure under our influence, the same peace-
able disposition, and to concur heartily with you in any plan of accommodation
reasonable and consistent with our profession as Presbyterians, and for the good
of the Church and honour of our Lord and Master."
At three o'clocJ>:, P. M. XJhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The afiuir of the school came under consideration, and it is appointed that it
be under the care of I\lr. Alexander McDowell for the ensuing year, and that
he employ an assistant, and that it be examined by the Presbytery of New
1753.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 209
Castle the second "Wednesday of April, and that he he allowed for his encour-
agement twenty pounds per annum.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 30\st. Uhi post jpreces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The Synod having taken into consideration the prevailing iniquity which
abounds in our land, and the many tokens of Divine displeasure we are un-
der, being threatened with a dangerous war, left to manifold divisions and
confusions, both in church and state, and the rain of heaven restrained to the
great damage of the fruits of the earth, do therefore agree, that the twelfth
day of June be observed as a day of fasting and humiliation through all our
bounds, to bewail our sins and the sins of our lands, to deprecate the Divine
displeasure we deserve, and implore God to remove these tokens of his anger,
and save us from the strokes we now feel, fear, and deserve.
It appears by the report of the committee appointed to converse with the
brethren from the Synod of New York, that in order to accomplish an union,
they proposed that as to all past complaints and differences, we should mu-
tually forgive and forget, and wholly bury all these things in perpetual obli-
vion, and endeavour in the strength of God to treat each other hereafter as
though these things had never been. And as the Synods are two distinct
judicatures now, and in present circumstances are not accountable to each other,
they should unite as two contiguous bodies of Christians agreed in principles
as though they never had been concerned with one another before, nor had
any differences, which is the truth as to a great part of both Synods ; and
should now join the Synods and Presbyteries upon such Scriptural and rational
terms as may secure peace and good order, tend to heal our broken churches,
and advance religion hereafter ; and it appears that these brethren cannot be
satisfied with this dropping all former differences in such a general and indis-
tinct way, and particularly would have the protestation made in 1741 with-
drawn, or declared null and void before union.
The Synod have considered these things, and are still willing to adhere to
the above proposals, in order to obtain peace and union, which they apprehend
of the last importance in the Church of Christ, and see not what they can
further propose.
We are commanded to forgive injuries and offences, and this is absolutely
necessary in this imperfect state, to preserve peace among Christians; and if it
were asked by any, how we can now join, who lately had such differences, we
think every well disposed Christian would be satisfied with being told, that we
mutually forgive according to Christ's command, and agree to maintain good
conduct, through grace, for the time to come.
As to what has been insisted on concerning the protestation, the Synod have
repeatedly said, that when an union is made, they will carry toward these
brethren as though neither this, nor any of the other protestations standing
now in our records, or any other ground of difference on either side had ever
been; and we see not at present what further we can propose on this particular.
For, any member or members being aggrieved, and obtaining no satisfying
redress, even in the highest judicature, have a right to protest and require
the same to be recorded, and as the judicature may not refuse members this
privilege, so neither can they disannul or withdraw such protestations, the
protesters themselves only can do this. And as some members of New York
Synod insist on satisfaction with respect to the protestation, and are unwilling
to forgive and bury all grounds of difference, we assure them, we think our-
selves greatly injured and offended in many instances, and yet for the sake of
peace, and the good of the Church, we have made them these healing propo-
sals, which we recommend to the further consideration of our brethren of New
York. We desire also, that the Synod of York would consider that they
thought it for edification and the good of the Church to erect a Synod at New
York, and declared that they did not set up in opposition to the Synod of
1755.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 219
Philadelpliia, but as a sister Church. We now think it unbrotherly in them
to hold a Synod in Philadelphia, and that it looks like erecting altar against
altar, and we hope afterwards to have no ground of complaint for such con-
duct. And order that a copy of this minute be sent to New York Synod.
The affixir of the school taken into consideration and continued.
Adjourned till ten o'clock on Monday, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
June the 2d. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
IMr. Alexander Millar, from Ireland, appeared before this Synod, and begged
that we would endeavour to procure a reconciliation between the Synod of
Dunganon, or the Presbytery of Letterkenny and him ; and he delivered a
penitential acknowledgment to transmit to those gentlemen.
Ordered, That Mr. Alexander McDowell write to Messrs. William Boyd,
John Marshall, or John Holmes, and inclose his acknowledgment.
A letter was laid before this Synod from the Rev. Mr. William McBath, in
Dublin, acquainting us that Dr. Leland, Dr. Duchal, Mr. Mcars, and Mr.
Weld, with other gentlemen, had sent a collection of books for the benefit of
public schools, the use of students, and the encouragement of learning in this
infant church, to be disposed of by the Synod in the best manner to answer
these good ends.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross and Alison write them a letter of thanks.
Adjourned till 3 o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
P. M. ZTbi post preces sederunt qui supra. '
Ordered, That application be made to the trustees of the German schools
to procure a sum of money to encourage our school, engaging to teach some
Dutch children the English tongue, and three or four boys Latin and Greek,
if they offer themselves; and that 3Ir. Sampson Smith open the school at
Chesnut Level so soon as this favour [is obtained] ; and that Messrs. Cross and
Alison draw up and present an address to the trustees of the German schools.
If the sum obtained be less than twenty pounds currency, and not less than
fifteen pounds, the Synod shall allow to the school five pounds.
'Tis agreed that the books sent from Dublin be the foundation of a public
library, under the care of the Synod. That books proper for our school in
the country be lent to the master, and that he give his obligation to return the
same indemnified, when demanded; or if any be lost or damnified, that he
repair the damages. And further, that any minister belonging to this Synod
may borrow any of the said books, and that they be allowed to keep a folio
for one year, a quarto half a year, and an octavo, or a lesser volume, for three
months ; that they give their obligation for the full price of the volume, to
return it safe, or to pay damages. And if any book be detained beyond the
time appointed, every minister so failing shall pay one shilling per month for
a folio, eight pence per month for a quarto, and four pence per month for oc-
tavos and lesser volumes. 'Tis agreed likewise, to lend none of them beyond
Potomac River; and that the books be committed to the trustees of the fund
for ministers' widows, who shall choose a librarian, to take care of the library
for these ends, and for the benefit of students of Divinity in the College of
Philadelphia.
Appointed that Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Alison, McHenry, McDowell, Tate,
Smith, and McMordie, be the committee for the fund.
Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer.
220 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
1756.
The Synod met according to adjournment,
PhiladelpMa, Mai/ the 2Qth, 1756. IJhi po&t preces sederunt
From the Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Alison, Cowell, Guild,
and McHenry.
From Donegall : Mr. Tate,
From New Castle : Messrs. Boyd, Alison, McDowell, McKennan, Wilson,
and Smith.
Elders : Messrs. John Cross, Francis Alexander, Alexander Bryans, John
Crossan, John Snodgrass, Andrew Boggs.
Mr. Guild chosen moderator, and Mr. Smith clerk.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
May 27t7i, at nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
JJ hi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Absent from Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Zanchy, Elder, Steel, Thomson,
Black, Craig, and McMordie. From New Castle : Mr. Gillespie.
Mr. Tate, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon from
2 Cor. V. 20.
Since our last the Rev. Mr. John Hamilton was removed by death.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Francis Alison, Steel, Cowell,
McHenry, Tate, Smith, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod,
and committee for the fund for the ensuing year The affair of the fund
deferred.
None of the Presbyteries produced their books, the omission is greatly
blamed, and it is recommended to them to be more cai'eful for the future.
Inquiry being made who had brought any thing for the fund, it was found
that Messrs. Cross, Cowell, Guild, McHenry, Boyd, Tate, McKennan, Wil-
son, Alison, and Smith, brought some. The affair of the school deferred.
Ordered, That every Presbytery appoint one of their number to preach on
Friday evenings at the future meetings of the Synod, if required.
The affair of the widows' and Synod's funds deferred.
The supplications from Virginia and North Carolina, being taken under
consideration, ordered. That Mr. John Alison supply those vacancies next fall
and winter. And the Synod recommend it to him, and all such as may be
sent by us to supply these distant parts, to study in all their public adminis-
trations and private conversations, to promote peace and unity among the socie-
ties, and to avoid whatever may tend to foment divisions and party spirit;
and to treat every minister of the gospel from the Synod of New York, of the
like principles and peaceful temper, in a brotherly manner; as we desire to
promote true religion and not party designs. And the Synod resolve to send a
copy of these instructions to our brethren of the Synod of New York, hoping
they will recommend the like conduct to any they send thither.
Ordered, That each of our suppliers sent to these distant parts carry a copy
of these minutes with them.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi
post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the school deferred.
A copy of the minute from the Synod of New York, was brought in and
read, as follows :
1756.] SYNOD OF PIULADELPniA. 221
A copy of a minute of the Synod of New York, at their session in Phila-
delphia, October 1st, 1755. Ordered to be sent to the Synod of Philadelphia,
which is as follows :
A copy of a minute of Philadelphia Synod, at their convention in May last,
relating to the proposals of union between the two Synods, was brought in and
read. In which they propose, that in order to an union, '< all complaints and
differences should be mutually forgiven and buried in perpetual oblivion ; that
the Synods should unite as two contiguous bodies of Christians agreed in
principle, as though they had never been concerned with one another before,
nor had any diiferences; and now join the Synods and Presbyteries upon
such scriptural and rational terms as may secure peace and good order, tend to
heal our broken churches, and advance religion hereafter."
On this we beg leave to observe, that it was agreed unanimously, by the
commission of both Synods at Trenton, that both sides should be particular in
proposing, whatever they thought necessary in order to union ; *' and as some
things which we judged Scriptural and rational terms," our circumstances con-
sidered, have not been consented to by the Synod of Philadelphia ; we would
have been glad had they descended to these particulars, that we might have
been now able to judge whether there are grounds to expect satisfaction concern-
ing them. Particularly our proposals concerning the continuance of Presby-
teries and congregations as they now stand, and the terms of ministerial com-
munion mentioned in the year 1749, at Maidenhead, second and third articles,
and article second at Newark, 1750, and first article a7ino 1751, which last wo
esteem to be always rational and Scriptural terms.
We readily agree, that " it is the command of Christ, and a necessary duty
to forgive offences in the present imperfect state, and that peace among Chris-
tians cannot otherwise be preserved." And we can assure our brethren of
Philadelphia Synod, that our insisting on certain preliminaries, did not pro-
ceed, so far as we know ourselves, from humour or resentment, but from our
apprehending them necessary to preserve and promote the public interests of
religion amongst us. And though some of our members desire leave to declare,
that " they think themselves greatly injured and offended in many instances,"
particularly in being charged in the protest, as the reasons for entering it, with
several grievous crimes which they constantly declare were not fact ; yet for
the sake of peace, and the good of this church, they profess themselves willing
to forgive such offences, so far as they are personal.
"We also agree, that '< any member or members being aggrieved, and obtain-
ing no satisfying redress, even in the highest judicature, have a right to pro-
test, and require the same to be recorded. And as judicatures may not refuse
members this privilege, so neither can they disannul or withdraw such pro-
testation." "The protesters themselves only can do this." And we must
own that our insisting on the Synod's disannulling the protestation made in
1741, could have no propriety in it, but from our apprehension that the Synod
of Philadelphia, as a Synod, had approved and adopted said protestation. And
consequently, if our brethren shall declare, that in their Synodical capacity,
they do not adopt it, this will remove the ground of our insisting any further
on this point with the Synod.
Further, we assure our l)rethren, that in meeting at Philadelphia, we neither
did nor do design any opposition to their Synod. The only reason is, the
case of many members, who are far distant to the southward and westward of
Philadelphia, and on that account cannot without insuperable difficulty duly
attend Synodical conventions ; which, we hope, will be a satisfying reason for
our conduct in this particular.
We apprehend with our brethren, that peace and union is of the utmost
importance iu the chux-ch of Christ, and arc heartily willing to come into a
222 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
coalition upou such Scriptural and rational terms, as may secure peace and good
order, heal our broken churches, and advance religion hereafter. Nor do we
insist on particulars with any other view, than that the proposed union might
effectually answer such valuable and important ends.
Finally, as the protestation made in 1741, appears to be a principal obstruc-
tion to the union of both Synods, which nothing hitherto offered has been able
to remove, and as a great part of the present members of both Synods are
such as were not directly active, nor immediately concerned in that protesta-
tion ; and as the present minute of the Synod of Philadelphia seems to dis-
tinguish between the protesters and the Synod, and so gives us ground to expect
that they will satisfy us by declaring that they do not Synodically adopt said
protestation ; upon their doing of which, we propose the following expedient
for the entire removal of the aforesaid obstacles, to wit : That both Synods
unite upon the terms mentioned by this Synod in their particular proposals
made in the years referred to above, that one article respecting the protestation
excepted. That the Synod thus composed of both bo«lies, shall, immediately
after being constituted, proceed to hear and determine the differences between
the protesters and those protested against, if needful.
A true copy of the Synod's minute,
Per Richard Treat, Synod clerk.
Ordered, That Messrs. Alison, McDowell, McHenry, Cowell, and the
moderator, be a committee to prepare an answer to the minute received from
the Synod of New York, against to-morrow.
The affair of the widows' fund was taken into consideration.
Messrs. Cross and Alison inform us that the Honourable William Allen,
Esq'r. and the other gentlemen, were pleased to take into their hands the
management of the widows' fund in the beginning of last January ; and that
by a correspondence with the Rev. Messrs. Wallace and Webster, in Edin-
burgh, they find it necessary to make an alteration in their plan, which was
unanimously approved as follows :
If any member die before five yearly payments are made by him to the
common stock, the widow shall be entitled to her annuity, only the half of it
shall be deducted, 'till what her husband hath paid into the common stock,
together with said deductions, be equal to five years' payments or incomes of
her full annuity ; and afterwards she shall have her full annuity, as before
appointed.
Ordered, That Mr. Alison, who was chosen clerk and trustee for the fund,
insert the plan with said alteration.
Agreed also. That application be made to his honour the governor, by
Messrs. Cross, Alison, Boyd, Cowell, and McHenry, to obtain a charter for
the above mentioned fund.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
At nine o^cloch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Vhi
post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to prepare an answer to the minute received from
the Synod of New York brought in one, which was read and unanimously
approved, as follows :
We are heartily willing and desirous, that the Synods of New York and
Philadelphia be united; and that all the Presbyteries belonging to both be
united as the members lie contiguous to one another ; and that our union be
not only in name, but in reality, and in love, and sincere affection. This we
think will greatly advance the kingdom of Christ and vital holiness among us,
1756.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 223
and will, in many respects, be our common honour and our common interest.
We are willing to bury in perpetual oblivion, all our past differences and
names of distinction, and to forgive all the injuries we have received, or ima-
gine that we have received in times past. And we have the testimony of our
consciences, that we study the things that make for peace, (as your Synod
have recommended,) and we hope the Synod of New York, and that the world
will testify the same for us.
We desire to unite on the same terms, on which the members of both Sy-
nods were united when one body. And we are glad to join with the Synod
of New York in an expedient to cut off all debates about the protestation
made in 1741. We allow the protesters the right of private judgment, and
you will allow that we ''neither can disannul nor withdraw their protestation;"
but in a Synodical caimciti/, at your desire, we declare and do assure you,
that we neither adopted nor do adopt said protestation as a term of ministerial
communion ; it was never mentioned to any of our members as a term of com-
munion more than any of the other protestations delivered into our Synod on
occasion of those diiierences. AVe only adopt and desire to adhere to our
standards, as we agreed when formerly united in one body, we adopt no
other.
We refer these proposals to the serious consideration of the Synod of New
York ; we are in earnest for peace and union, and we hope they are so too.
As it may be necessary that a committee of both Synods meet to adjust mat-
ters previous to an union, we appoint the commission of our Synod, on timely
notice given, to meet with such members as they may appoint for this purpose,
at Philadelphia or any other convenient place.
A supplication from the congregations of Cook's Creek and Pecked Moun-
tain, requesting us to receive Mr. Alexander Millar as a full member, and to
appoint his instalment as their regular pastor, was brought in and read.
The Synod, after considering their request, find it necessary to wait till
they receive an answer from the Synod in Ireland, if they think fit to send
one this season ; but resolve, that as he has offered satisfaction to that Synod,
by our mediation, and has behaved so as to be well respected as a minister
among us, if either the Synod of Ireland send us no answer, or inform us that
they have accepted his submission, we do order Messrs. Black and Craig to
receive him as a member, and instal him, provided they find his conduct in
that part of Christ's vineyard such as becomes a gospel minister. And it is
ordered, that letters be written by Mr. Boyd to those brethren to this purpose,
by Mr. John Alison, or some other proper hand, in the fall when the ships are
arrived from Ireland.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be given to the commissioner of the
above mentioned congregations.
The affair of the school referred.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o^dock, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the school came under consideration, and allowed that Mr.
Smith be paid out of the Synod's fund for the year past, if the trustees of the
German schools be unwilling to pay him, and that for his encouragement for
the ensuing year, he be allowed ten or twelve pounds, provided the trustees of
the German schools refuse to continue their encouragement, as we expect.
Appointed, That the committee for the fund meet at ten o'clock to-morrow
morning.
Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of 3Iay next. Concluded with prayer.
224 MINUTES OF THE [1757.
1757.
Philadelphia, May the 2bth, 1757.
The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to adjournment. Uhi post
preces sederunt.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Thomson, Tate, Steel, and McMordie.
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Alison, and Kinkead.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, McDowell, Smith, McKennan,
Millar, and Wilson.
Elders : Andrew Thomson, Patrick Campbell, Robert McPherson, John
Cross, Daniel Henderson, James Pagan, Robert McKnight, John Mustard,
Matthew Wallace.
Absent of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Elder, Zanchy, Black, Craig.
" of Philadelphia : Messrs. Cowell and Guild.
'' of New Castle : Messrs. Alison and Grillespie.
The last year's moderator being absent, the Synod was opened by Mr.
Smith, with a sermon on Phil. iii. 8.
Mr. Boyd was chosen moderator, and Mr. Smith clerk.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia inform us, that the Rev. Mr. McHenry is
dead since our last meeting.
The Presbytery of New Castle inform us, that the Rev. Mr. John Millar has
been admitted a member by them since our last.
The reasons of Messrs. Thomson and McMordie for their absence were
sustained.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Francis Alison, Steel, Cowell, McDowell,
Tate, McKennan, Smith, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod,
and committee for the fund the ensuing year, and that any three, with the
moderator, be a quorum. The affair of the fund deferred.
Ordered, That the Presbyteries be more punctual in bringing their books for
the future.
Inquiry being made who brought any thing for the fund, it was found that
Messrs. Tate, Boyd, Smith, Cross, McKennan, Wilson, brought some. The
affair of the school deferred. The affair of the Synod's and widows' fund de-
ferred. The consideration of the supplications from Virginia and North Caro-
lina deferred.
According to the Synod's appointment, Messrs. Cross and Alison have ap-
plied to the Honourable Proprietors at home, for a charter in behalf of the
widows' fund, by a petition, which is as follows :
To the Honourable Thomas Penn, and Richard Penn, true and absolute
proprietors of the province of Pennsylvania, and the counties of New Castle,
Kent, and Sussex, upon Delaware.
The petition of the Presbyterian Synod of Philadelphia, humbly sheweth :
That your petitioners have, many of them, lived long in this province with
great satisfaction, and have, all, endeavoured to promote religion, virtue, and
industry, amongst the people under our care, and to impress deep on their
minds a lasting sense of their blessings under the best of kings, and in a pro-
vince distinguished for civil and religious liberty.
As our lot is cast among people who are generally in low circumstances,
and many of them forming new settlements in the frontier counties, and, as
we have no other support but a small and very uncertain income from the
good will of our people, joined with our own labour, we have always found it
difficult to make any tolerable provision for our families; and have often, with
sorrow and regret, seen the widows and children of great and good men, who
were once of our number, very much pinched and distressed by want and
poverty, without being able to afford them suitable relief.
1757.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 225
To remedy tliese evils, as far as we can in our circumstances, your honours'
petitioners, in imitation of the laudable example of the Church of Scotland,
have agreed to raise a small fund for the benefit of ministers' widows and
helpless children, belonging to this Synod, by obliging ourselves to contribute
a small sum out of our yearly incomes for this purpose. But there arc bad
economists in every society, and having begun our fund about a year ago, we
find that those men among us are most backward to pay their quotas, whose
families will stand in most need of relief when they are dead; and, as our
agreement is voluntary, without the aid of a law to oblige us to perform our
engagements, and, as we thought it our duty to lay our proceedings before
your honours, we must humbly intreat you to take our circumstances under
your consideration. You will merit the blessings of the widow and fatherless,
and lay us under the strongest obligations of gratitude and affection, if you bo
pleased to make us a corporation by your charter, and enable us to sue and be
sued, and to raise and hold a capital stock not exceeding one thousand pounds
for twenty ministers, and so in proportion for a greater or smaller number, the
interest of which shall be employed yearly, only to relieve the widows and
children of the Presbyterian ministers belonging to the Synod of Philadelphia,
or to assist ministers of our Synod in frontier settlements, or such as by age or
infirmities are not able to get a subsistence.
As the parliament of England granted the like favour to the ministers of the
Church of Scotland, 1743 ; as this will, in all probability, confine our synodi-
cal meetings to this city and province, which some are industriously endea-
vouring to remove to New Jersey ; as some of our number, as well as their
people, who are in great distresses by the barbarity of restless and savage In-
dians, will account it their great comfort and advantage to have such a provi-
sion made for their families, and, as we design to be burdensome to no body,
but to raise this fund out of our own narrow incomes, and as we can with
great truth assure your hououi-s, that none are more loyal and dutiful subjects
to his majesty, nor more firmly attached to the proprietary family and inter-
ests; from all these considerations we greatly hope and depend that your
honours will favour us with your countenance and protection, and will be so
good as to give proper instructions to our governor to grant us a charter for
the purposes already mentioned, and your petitioners as in duty bound shall
pray.
Signed by order of the Synod of Philadelphia.
Ordered, That the money already paid continue in the hands of our treasurer
and clerk as formerly, until some answer to this, our petition, be received.
The commissions of the Synods of Philadelphia and New York, met at the
place appointed, and reported to their Synods the result of the conference;
pursuant hereunto the Synod of New York sent us a copy of a minute, request-
ing that commissions of both Synods meet on the Monday next preceding the
meeting of both Synods, according to our agreement, to prepare matters for
both Synods and their hapjjy union.
Ordered, That the commission of our Synod meet with the commission of
the Synod of New York for this purpose, on the Monday immediately before
the meeting of our Synod.
A supplication from Cook's Creek and Pecked Mountain, requesting tliat
■we should receive Mr. Alexander Millar as a member, and that his instalment
be appointed as their pastor in the Lord.
The Synod unanimously agree to receive him as a member, and order, that
Mr. Craig install him accordingly, at some convenient time before the first of
next August.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
29
226 MINUTES OF THE [1757.
26/7/, nine d'doch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
?■ ^,i)i post jireces sederunt qui sxijira.
'..'Tf'pon'. |;6ading the absents from Donegall, it was observed that Messrs.
Black and Craig have neglected attending on the Synod for some considerable
time. Ordered, that Mr, McDowell write to these brethren, and signify that
the Synod expects either that they will attend or write, and that in case of
failure, the Synod will be obliged to disown them as members. Ordered like-
wise, that he write to Mr. Craig, and inform him that Mr. Alexander Millar
is received as a member, and that he install him some convenient time before
the fii'st of August next ; and also, that he give him to understand that it is the
judgment of the Synod, that he ought to be content with the bounds fixed by
the committee appointed for that purpose.
The affair of the fund deferred.
The several members who brought any thing for the fund, paid the trea-
surer as follows :
£
s
d
£ s
d
Mr. McKennan,
1
0
0
Mr. Smith,
1 0
0
itr. %ate,
1
2
0
Mr. Wilson.
0 15
0
Mr. Boyd,
1
8
9
The affair of the Synod's and widows' fund deferred.
The consideration of the supplications from Virginia and Carolina resumed.
Ordered, That Mr. Millar supply the following settlements in order, in the
fall, each one Sabbath day, viz : Gather's settlement, Osborn's, Morison's,
Jorsey's on Atkin, Buffler's, Hawfield's, and Baker's settlements. And that
Mr. Craig supply the same settlements, each one Sabbath day in the spring,
together with Brown's, North and South Mountain, and Calf-Pasture settle-
ments in Virginia, each, at least, one Sabbath day before our next Synod,
and that they preach to lesser congregations on week days as often as they
can.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent to these people and to Mr.
Craig, by Mr. Millar, and also by Mr. Tate.
The Synod being informed, that the honourable trustees of the fund for the
German emigrants, &c. in Pennsylvania, have generously received our peti-
tion, requesting their favour and assistance to encourage learning, and to
maintain a school or schools under the care of this Synod, and have trans-
mitted it to the honourable trustees, for the same purpose, in London, and
have recommended the Synod, and their pious and good designs, so effectu-
ally to their regard, that they have been pleased to grant our request, or-
dered, that Messrs. Cross and Alison wait on the honourable trustees at their
next meeting, and, in the name of the Synod, gratefully acknowledge their
favours ; and that they do whatever else may be necessary in said aifair. And
that, if Mr. Provost Smith come here, Mr. Cross thank him in the name of
the Synod, for the particular regard he has shown, and care he has taken.
The supplication from the Grreat Valley was taken under consideration.
Ordered, that Mr. Alison supply the Great Valley in the month of September,
and administer the sacrament; that Mr. Steel supply two Sabbaths before
our next; Mr. McKennan the third of July, and 5lr. Guild the second of
August and the second Sabbath of November, and Mr. Cowell the first of
March. Ordered, that the Sabbath immediately before the Synod, ]\Ir. Tate
supply the Great Valley, and Mr. Smith, Norrington.
Adjourned to four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1757.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 227
At four o^clocJc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. William Smith, Provost of the College of Philudelphia,
waited on the Sjnod ; when Mr. Cross, according to order, returned the thanks
of the Synod to him for his particular care and pains taken, in transmittino"
our petition to the honourable trustees of the fund for the German emigrants iu
London; which Messrs. Cross and Alison had presented to the honourable
trustees in this province, to be, for the approbation of the honourable trustees
there, by them transmitted thither, and which is as follows :
To the trustees general of the society schools for the instruction of poor
Germans, &c. in Pennsylvania, and the adjacent British colonies, the petition
of the Synod of Philadelphia humbly showeth,
That we, your petitioners, opened a public school about twelve years ago,
when learning was under great discouragements, and opportunities of educa-
tion scarce in this and the neighbouring provinces, and gave instructions
gratis for some years, to all ranks and denominations that pleased to accept of
the same.
That we have still continued to instruct cheap, and the poor for nothing,
and have had the pleasure to see a number educated under our care, who have
been of public service. As there is, a fair prospect of making this province
the seat of learning in this part of the world, we think it would contribute
much to the growth of the College in this city, to support and encourage
schools in the country, to provide them with able masters, and to keep them
under proper directions.
And as you are engaged in an useful undertaking of this nature, your peti-
tioners have made bold to plead for your countenance, and some assistance to
enable us to continue our school. We have the juster reasons to hope for
this favour, because our school has been as free to the Germans as any other
nation, and two of the present reformed German ministers, born in this coun-
try, were educated there ) and because your petitioners understand that our
mother church of Scotland have greatly promoted the charity under your
management.
That we may share your bounty in a way agreeable to your generous plan,
we propose to remove our school to Chesnut Level, where some poor Dutch
scattered in that neighbourhood, may have their children taught gratis to read
and write English, if favoured with your assistance, and we will also teach a
certain number of Germans the Latin and Greek languages, in order to pre-
pare them for the ministry, if they apply for this advantage. And as the
German inhabitants about the river Susquehannah and the lower parts of Con-
estoga are wealthy, and may have lodgings cheap in a country place, we doubt
not but they will be encouraged to send their sons to our, as well as any public
school.
As our request seems agreeable to the pious design of the donors, who
support your good and useful institution ; and as it may be greatly serviceable
to the interests of religion, virtue, and learning, in this province, your peti-
tioners entertain great expectations from your generosity and goodness. And,
indeed, our circumstances are so low, that we are no longer able to bear the
necessary expenses, but must dismiss our school, unless we can procure some
assistance.
Your petitioners have ordered Messrs. Cross and Alison to wait on you
with this petition and receive your instructions. If you find it is agreeable to
your public design, Ave earnestly request, that you would be pleased at pre-
228 MINUTES OF THE [1757.
sent, to grant us some assistance, and that you recommend us to the society
in England for the time to come. And your petitioners as in duty bound shall
pray.
Signed, by order of the Synod, by
William Donaldson, Synod clerk.
June 2d, 1755.
The Provost presented to the Synod the resolves of the trustees upon the
Synod's address, which are as follows :
June 14:th, 1755.
Met at Mr. Allen's house near Germantown, the following trustees, viz :
Messrs. Allen, Peters, Franklin, and Smith.
And, taking into their consideration, the aforesaid petition of the Synod of
Philadelphia, were under some difficulty how to act concerning it. On the
one hand they thought, that to grant the petition in favour of an English Sy-
nod, might give ofience to the Germans, who generally considered this charity
as intended solely for their own particular benefit. The trustees were also of
opinion that it did not fall directly under the great design for promoting the
English tongue among the Germans. But they considered on the other hand,
the pleas urged by the petitioners. They knew it to be a truth, that the Sy-
nod of Philadelphia, at a time when ignorance, even among the ministry, was
like to overrun the whole province, had begun, and with much difficulty, long
supported a public school under the Eev. Mr. Francis Alison ; and that many
able ministers, and some of them Dutch, had been educated in the said school.
The trustees were also of opinion, that it was no small argument in favour of
the petitioners, that the mother church of Scotland had contributed so largely
to this useful charity, and that, if any future application to said church should
be necessary, the interest and recommendation of the Synod of Philadelphia
might be useful in that respect, as well as in countenancing the several schools
in their present infant state, and educating, according to their proposal, some
young men for the Dutch ministry, gratis.
In consideration of all which, it was resolved to grant twenty-five pounds
currency for one year to assist the said Synod to support their said public
school on the following terms, viz :
1. That it shall be under the same common government with the other free
schools, and be subject to the visitations of the trustees general or their depu-
ties, appointed upon the recommendation of the Synod.
2. That the master shall teach four Dutch or English gratis, upon the re-
comm^eildation of the trustees general, to be prepared for the ministry, and ten
poor Dutch children in the English tongue gratis, if so many ofi"er.
3. That the deputy trustees, together with the master, and any of the clergy,
visit the school, at least once a quarter, and send down a statement thereof to
be transmitted by the general trustees to the honourable society.
Agreed that this case be transmitted to the honourable society, to obtain their
directions thereupon.
Ordered, That the terms of the trustees be complied with ; and that Messrs,
Boyd and McDowell, Moses Irwin, James Marshal, Martin Beam, and Jacob
Graft, be recommended as deputy trustees for the ensuing year, and visit the
school every quarter, the third Tuesday, commencing with the third Tuesday
of August next, if the trustees general approve.
Ordered, That Messrs. Millar and Smith draw up some reasons for a general
fast within our bounds, against our next.
'Tis agreed that the school be continued under Mr. Smith's care for another
year, with the usual encouragement from the German schools.
The affiiir of the fund deferred. The consideration of the fast deferred.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1758.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 229
May 21 th. Nine o'clock, A. M. Uhl post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The members appointed to draw up reasons for a general fast within our
bounds, brought them in, and they were read and amended as follows :
The Synod taking under serious consideration the melancholy state of the
British dominions, and their allies, the danger of the Protestant interest iu
general, and particularly of the English colonies of America, arising from the
formidable combination of antichristian powers in Europe, and the shocking
depredations and barbarities of the heathen on our borders, influenced and
abetted by the perfidious, restless enemies of our civil and religious liberties ;
as also the abounding profanity and wickedness of all ranks and degrees of
men ; the awful contempt cast upon the glorious gospel of Christ, not only by
the professed infidelity of its open adversaries, but likewise by the unbelief,
hypocrisy, uncharitableness, and loose practices of its professed friends ; and
being deeply sensible of, and affected with, the ungrateful abuse and misim-
provement of the many privileges we have long enjoyed; our peace, plenty,
and liberty having been turned into wantonness, pride, and licentiousness;
and being firmly persuaded that for these things God is testifying his displea-
sure against us, both at home and abroad, by a calamitous war, in which we
are involved, while an amazing insensibility generally prevails under the pre-
sent gloomy appearances of Divine Providence, and a want of public spirit,
and zeal for the common good ; do, for these and the like reasons, recommend
the twenty-third day of Juno next, to be obaerved by the people belonging to
the Synod, as a day of public humiliation, fasting, and prayer, throughout
their bounds, to bewail our aggravated and crying sins, to de2)recate the de-
served wrath of heaven, and to implore the divine mercy and forgiveness;
that the Spirit of grace may be poured out upon us ; that, as a people, we
may turn unto the Lord by a sincere repentance; that God would preserve
and bless our gracious king, direct his counsels, go forth with his fleets and
armies, and also those of his allies, and crown them with success ; that he
would guard and defend our sea coasts and frontiers against all the designs of
our enemies; that he would preserve to us our invaluable liberties, both civil
and religious; that he would yet bless us with fruitful seasons, mercifully
heal all our divisions, and cause our present confusions happily to terminate
in the glorious advancement of the peaceful kingdom of our Lord Jesus
Christ. Accordingly it is ordered, that all our ministers represent these
things to the people under our care, and excite them to these solemn exercises,
and, for that end, suit their sermons and prayers, on that day, to the important
occasion.
Signed, by order of the Synod, by
Adam Boyd, Moderator.
Ordered, That the commission for the fund meet immediately at Mr.
Cross's.
Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer.
1758.
The Synod met according to adjournment,
At PhiladelpMa, May 2ith, 1758. Uhi post jyreccs sederunt
Of Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, Cowell, Guild,
Kinkead.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Tate, Steel.
230 MINUTES OF THE [1758.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, McDowell, Hector Alison, Smith,
Millar, McKenuan.
Elders: John Johnston, James Piper, James Kerr, Moses Irvin, James
Edwards.
Absent of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Gillespie and "Wilson.
" of Donegall : Messrs. Zanchy, Elder, Thomson, McMordie, Black,
Craig, Alexander Miller.
Dr. Alison opened the Synod with a sermon on Eph. iv. 1 — 8.
Mr. Smith chosen moderator, Mr. Millar clerk.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, Cowell, Steel, Tate, Boyd,
McDowell, Hector Alison, McKennan, and the moderator, be the commission
of the Synod, and committee for the fund for the ensuing year, and that three,
with the moderator, be a quorum.
Inquiry being made who had brought any thing for the fund, it was found
that Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Smith, Hector Alison, Miller, McKennan, Guild,
Tate, had brought.
Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at Mr. Cross's house to-
morrow morning at eight o'clock.
Adjourned to three o'clock in the afternoon to-morrow. Concluded with
prayer.
J/ay 25^/i, at tliree ddock. Uhi post preces sederunt qxii supra.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The commission of this Synod report, that they met with the commission of
the Synod of New York on Monday last, according to the appointment of last
Synod; and, that after mutual conference on the affair of uniting the two
Synods, a plan of union was formed by the two commissions, which they agreed
should be proposed to each Synod.
The plan was read, and considered for some time, and the further considera-
tion of it deferred till to-morrow.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning, and concluded with prayer.
May 26, at nine o'docJc, A. 31. IJ hi post preces sederunt qui sv^na.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
The plan of union was further considered.
A letter was ordered to be wrote to the Rev. Dr. "William Leechman, Profes-
sor of Divinity in the University of Glasgow, which was done, and is as fol-
lows:
Philadelphia, Mo.yl^th, 1758.
Very Reverend Sir, — Though we have not the honour of personal acquaint-
ance with you, yet your distinguished character and praises in the churches of
Christ, and eminent station in the University of Glasgow, are well known to us,
and to the churches in these American colonies, and we would much esteem a
correspondence with you, if your more important affairs might allow it. We
presume to give you this trouble now, requesting you to accept for yourself, and
to present to the learned Professors of the University our grateful acknowledg-
ments for the late mark of your regard to the Rev. Mr. Francis Alison, a mem-
ber of this Synod, in conferring a degree of Doctor of Divinity upon him. He is
a gentleman of good character, a public spirit, and well esteemed as a preacher.
He has been very industrious and successful in promoting learning in this part
of the world, both before and since he was called to a public station in the col-
lege and academy in this city ; and we hope he will ever behave so as to deserve
your regard. Such honours conferred on men of confessed worth here, may
1758.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 281
much encourage learning and public usefulness, and may be of service to our
church, as we have another denomination among us, whose ministers are fre-
quently honoured with such titles. We shall ever think it an honour to our
Synod to enjoy the favour of that university, and particularly of Dr. Leechman.
We are. Reverend Sir, your very obliged humble servants.
Signed by order of the Synod of Philadelphia, by
Sampson Smith, Moderator.
Upon reading the answer given by the trustees of the German schools in this
province, Mr. Cross informed that the honourable trustees general, in England,
had complied with the Synod's petition, as appears by an extract of a letter
from them to the Rev. William Smith, one of the trustees here, which was laid
before the Synod, and was as follows :
Extract of Dr. Chandler's letter to the Rev. Mr. Smith, received by Mr.
Smith, September 14th, 1757.
'' Nov. 27th, last, upon the petition of the Synod of Pennsylvania, and the
recommendation of our trustees, we have agreed to allow thirty pounds sterling
per annum, toward the support of the school mentioned to be erected by them,
from midsummer before that date. And I have purchased and packed up,
among other books, a large number of English Primers and Spelling Books for
their use, and that of the German children, which I hope will soon be sent over
to you ; as soon, at least, as I can get a safe conveyance."
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, McDowell, and the moderator, be a
committee to settle with Provost Smith, the accounts of the annual donation
of the honourable trustees to the Synod.
Agreed that the school be continued under Mr. Smith's care for another year,
with the usual encouragement from the fund for the German schools.
Adjourned to three o'clock, and concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met, et post preces sederunt qui
supra.
Agreed by the Synod, at Mr. Cross's request, that the box belonging to
the Synod's fund, and all pertaining thereto, be put into Dr. Alison's hand in
trust.
The consideration of the plan of union was resumed, and some alterations
proposed. And the Synod being informed that a committee had been appointed
by the two commissioners to prepare the first draught of this plan, to wit,
Messrs. Hector Alison, Miller, Smith, and McDowell, of our members, with
Messrs. Bostwick, DsCvis, Samuel Finley, and Blair, of the other commission :
Ordered, That Mr. McDowell go and inform the Synod of New_ York, now sit-
ting, that this Synod has considered the plan for union, and desires, when they
have likewise done so, the same committee may meet, and communicate to each
other the corrections proposed in each Synod.
Mr. McDowell presently returned, and reports that the Synod of New York
agreed to the motion.
Ordered, That the committee meet accordingly to-morrow.
Adjourned till nine o'clock on Monday morning, and concluded with prayer.
Maij 20th, at nine o'clock on Monday morning the Synod met, ct j^ost preces
sederunt qui supra.
Our members of the committee appointed to meet with those of New York
Synod, report that they met on Saturday last, and communicated the amend-
ments proposed by each Synod in the plan of union, and conferred upou them.
232 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. [1758.
Ordered, That these members lay the amendments proposed by the Synod of
New York before this Synod, which they did.
The Synod considered them, and agreed they should be allowed.
Ordered, That the same members of the above mentioned committee inform
the Synod of New York of this agreement.
The members went and informed them accordingly, and soon returned, and
acquainted this Synod that the Synod of New York had also agreed to admit
the amendments proposed in this Synod, and therefore thought the affair was
now ripe for the two Synods to meet together and complete the agreement.
The plan as now prepared was finally put to the vote, and was unanimously
approved as a satisfactory plan for uniting upon.
Agreed that this Synod meet with the Synod of New l^'ork at three o'clock,
p. M. and that this be notified to them.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M., and concluded with prayer.
iV! B. At three o'clock, P. 31. the two Synods met.
The plan of union was now read before them, and unanimously agreed to.
The Synods being now united, a new book was opened, and the whole plan
and articles of union entered, as may be seen in that book, where the minutes
of the new united Synod are recorded.
The party which withdrew from the Synod of Philadelphia, the reasons and
manner of whose secession are stated in the foregoing records, subsequently
formed themselves into a Synod, under the style of the Synod of New York,
embracing the Presbyteries of New l^ork. New Brunswick and New Castle.
Their first meeting was held in the year 1745, and their last in 1758, at which
time a re-union of the two parties was effected as above recited. The minutes
of this body form the next link in the documentary history of the Presbyterian
Church in the United States.
PART THIRD.
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK,
FROM A. D. 1745 TO 1758.
1745.
Ulizahethtown, New Jersei/, September 19f7i, 1745.
The ministers and elders whose names are presently to be inserted, convened
and formed themselves into a Synod, under the name or title of the Synod of
New York.
Ministers of the Presbytery of New York : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson,
John Pierson, Ebeuezer Pcmberton, Simon Horton, Aaron Burr, Azariah
Horton, Timothy Jones, Eliab Byram, Robert Sturgeon.
Ministers of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Joseph
Lamb, William Tennent, Richard Treat, James McCrea, William Robinson,
David Youngs, Charles Beatty, Charles McKnight.
Ministers of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly,
Charles Tennent, John Blair.
Elders : Joseph WoodruflFe, Nathaniel Hazard, Joseph Prudden, Benjamin
Leonard, John Ayres, Samuel Hazard, Robert Cummins, John Craig, Richard
Walker, Peter Peryen, John Love, Alexander Moody.
The ministers and elders before mentioned, first considered and agreed
upon the following articles, as the plan and foundation of their synodical
union.
1. They agree that the Westminster Confession of Faith, with the Larger
and Shorter Catechisms, be the public confession of their faith in such manner
as was agreed unto by the Synod of Philadelphia, in the year 1729 ; and to be
inserted in the latter end of this book. And they declare their approbation of
the Directory of the Assembly of Divines at Westminster, as the general plan
of worship and discipline.
2. They agree that in matters of discipline, and those things that relate to
the peace and good order of our churches, they shall be determined according
to the major vote of ministers and elders, with which vote every member
shall actively concur or pacifically acquiesce : but if any member cannot in
conscience agree to the determination of the majority, but supposes himself
obliged to act contrary thereunto, and the Synod think themselves obliged to
insist upon it as essentially necessary to the well-being of our churches, in that
case such dissenting member promises peaceably to withdraw from the body,
without endeavouring to raise any dispute or contention upon the debated point,
or any unjust alienation of affection from them.
3. If any member of their body supposes that he hath any thing to object
against any of his brethren with respect to error in doctrine, immorality in life,
or negligence in his ministry, he shall not on any account, propagate the scan-
dal, until the person objected against is dealt with according to the rules of the
eospel, and the known methods of their discipline.
^ ^ '30 (233)
234 MINUTES OF THE [1745.
4. They agree, that all who have a competent degree of ministerial knowledge,
are orthodox in their doctrine, regular in their lives, and diligent in their en-
deavours to promote the important designs of vital godliness, and that will sub-
mit to their discipline, shall be cheerfully admitted into their communion.
And they do also agree, that in order to avoid all divisive methods among
their ministers and congregations, and to strengthen the discipline of Christ in
the churches in these parts, they will maintain a correspondence with the Synod
of Philadelphia in this their first meeting, by appointing two of their members
to meet with the said Synod of Philadelphia at their next convention, and to
concert with them such measures as may best promote the precious interests of
Christ's kingdom in these parts.
And that they may in no respect encourage any factious separating practices
or principles ; they agree that they will not intermeddle with judicially hearing
the complaints, or with supplying with ministers and candidates such parties of
men, as shall separate from any Presbyterian or Congregational churches, that
are not within their bounds, unless the matters of controversy be submitted to
their jurisdiction or advice by both parties. Thereupon,
The Synod opened by prayer. Mr. Jonathan Dickinson chosen moderator,
Mr. Ebenezer Pemberton chosen clerk.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
20th day, at nine of the clock, ante meridiem. Post j)re.ce& mdernnt qui
supra.
Ordered, That the moderator and Mr. Pierson do correspond with the Synod
of Philadelphia at their next session.
Ordered, That IMessrs. Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Blair, and Ebenezer Pember-
ton, do draw up a testimony to the work of God's glorious grace, which has
been carried on in these parts of the land, and bring it in for the approbation of
the Synod at their next sedermit.
The circumstances of Virginia being brought under consideration, and the
wide door that is opened for the preaching of the gospel in these parts, with a
hopeful prospect of success, the Synod are unanimously of the opinion, that 3Ir.
Robinson is the most suitable person to be sent among them, and accordingly
they do earnestly recommend it to him to go down and help them as soon as his
circumstances will permit him, and reside there for some months.
An interloquitur of the ministers of the Synod appointed to meet at half an
hour past two,jpos< meridiem.
The Synod adjourned till four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Four of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui stipra.
The interloquitur met according to appointment.
Messrs. Tennent, Pemberton, and Blair, brought in a testimony to the work
of God's grace among us, according to appointment, which was unanimously
approved. But the original being lost it cannot be inserted here.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
21s^ dai/, at nine of the cloch, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Pierson, Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Burr, Sanmel Blair,
Finly, Pemberton, and the moderator, are appointed to be a commission of the
Synod for the ensuing year.
The Synod adjourned to the second Wednesday of October, 1746, and then
to meet at New York. Concluded with prayer.
1746-7.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 235
1746.
The Synod convened according to appointment,
JVnv York, October Qth, 1746. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly, Aaron
Burr, Azariah Horton, Charles Beatty, Charles McKnight, John lioan, Ebo-
nezer Pemberton.
Elders : Messrs. Richard Walker, William Eagles.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Joseph Lamb, Gilbert Tennent, William Tenncnt,
Kichard Treat, James McCrea, David Youngs, Charles Tennent, John Blair,
David Bostwick, Thomas Arthur, John Grant, Andrew Hunter, John Pierson,
Eliab Byram, Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, David Brainerd, Robert Sturgeon,
Eleazer Wales, and William Dean.
The Synod was opened by a sermon from Psal. xxiv. 4, preached by I^Ir.
Dickinson, the last year's moderator.
Mr. Pemberton chosen moderator, Mr. Finly clerk.
The Synod is informed that most of the absent members were upon their
journey to New l^ork to attend the Synod, but were prevented through appre-
hensions of the small pox and other difficulties.
Our Reverend brother, Mr. William Robinson, is departed this life since our
last meeting.
The small pox prevailing in Philadelphia in IMay last, prevented Messrs.
Dickinson and Pierson from corresponding with the Synod of Philadelphia at
their last meting, but they wrote to them and received an answer.
The same members appointed to be a commission of the Synod this year, who
were the last.
A supplication and call for a minister from Hanover in Virginia, was brought
into the Synod and read ; the Synod doth earnestly recommend the assisting of
said people, to the Presbyteries of New Brunswick and New Castle.
The Synod considering the present fewness of ruling elders attending the
Synod, doth recommend it to all their members to endeavour to bring elders
with them.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, and then to meet at Maid-
enhead. Concluded with prayer.
1747.
The Synod met according to appointment.
llaidenhead, 3Ia^ 20th, 17^7. V hi post prcces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, John Pierson, Ebenezer, Pemberton,
Simon Horton, Azariah Horton, David Bostwick, John Grant, Timothy Jones,
Eliab Byram, Thomas Arthur, Jacob Green, Nathaniel Tucker, Joseph Lamb,
Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, James McCrea, James Campbel, James Daven-
port, Charles McKnight, Charles Beatty, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence,
Samuel Sacket, Samuel Blair, John Blair, William Dean, John Roan, and
Samuel Finley.
Elders : INIessrs. Joseph Prudden, Ebenezer Byram, John Lyle, John Ayrea,
Thomas Bourn, David Parry, Ephraim Lockert, Robert Smith, Robert English,
John Grey, Francis Brewster, Daniel Mills, John Smith, Samuel Sturgeon, and
Hugh Kirkpatrick.
Ministers absent: Aaron Burr, David Youngs, Timothy Syms, Robert
236 MINUTES OF THE [1748.
Sturgeon, David Erainerd, William Tennent, Eleazer Wales, Charles Tennent,
Hutchinson, and Davis.
Mr. Pembertou, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon on
Acts iv. 29.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent chosen moderator, Mr. Treat clerk.
Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson, Burr, Lamb, William Tennent,
Samuel Blair, Finly, Charles Tennent, and the moderator, are appointed to be
the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
A letter was brought into the Synod from the new settlements in Virginia,
requesting a minister might be sent to preach the gospel, &c. unto them.
The Synod appoints IMr. Byram to go to said people some time in next Sep-
tember, and spend some time with them, and appoints the Presbytery of New
York to supply his people with preaching during his absence. And the Synod
doth, moreover, appoint IMessrs. Dickinson and Pemberton to write to Mr.
Bewel, in order to procure him to accompany Mr. Byram in said journey.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead at
two of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1748.
The Synod met according to appointment,
Maidenhead, May tlie 18?/i, 1748. JJhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Jacob Green, Timothy Syms, Joseph
Lamb, James McCrea, John Brainerd, Charles McKnight, James Davenport,
Eliab Byram, Gilbert Tennent, Andrew Hunter, Richard Treat, Charles
Beatty, James Campbel, Daniel Lawrence, John Blair, John Roan.
Elders : Messrs. Ephraim Price, Brice Rickey, John Craig, Samuel
Hazard, Isaac Mills, Cornelius Wynkoop, John Grey, Robert Smith, David
Wilson.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Robert Sturgeon, John Pierson, Ebenezer Pem-
berton, Simon Horton, Aaron Burr, David Bostwick, John Grant, Thomas
Arthur, David Youngs, Timothy Jones, Samuel Sacket, William Tennent,
Eleazer Wales, Job Prudden, Thomas Lewis, Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly,
William Dean, Samuel Davis, Andrew Sterling, Andrew Bay and Charles
Tennent.
Mr. Lamb chosen moderator, Mr. John Blair clerk.
Mr. Gilbert Tennent, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a
sermon from Rom. xi. 86.
The Rev. IMessrs. Jonathan Dickinson, David Brainerd, and Nathaniel
Tucker, have been removed by death since our last meeting.
The last year's minutes not being present, the Synod is necessitated to pro-
ceed as well as they can without them.
Mr. Byram fultillcd his appointment in going to Virginia, but Mr. Bewel
could not be obtained to accompany him.
The Presbytery of Suffolk county, on Long-Island, having, by their dele-
gate Mr. Ebenezer Prime, desired to be admitted as members of this Synod
with the proviso, that one or two of their members in all time to come, be
allowed the privilege of representing them in the Synod, and acting for them
as delegates ; and likewise, that some members of New York Presbytery,
might join them in their Presbyterial judicatories. In answer to which, the
Synod does signify that they are willing to make all reasonable allowances for
the absence of their members, who live far distant from the place of their con-
vention, and when the Synod shall, on the account of their growing number
and distant abode, conclude to form any of its sessions of delegates, they will
1749.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK.
237
readily admit that Reverend Presbytery to the common privilejre of their body •
before which, we judge it would be unprecedented and uncnual, and of bad'
tendency.
If the Reverend Presbytery aforesaid is pleased to join with us on the
aforesaid terms, then we declare our willingness to receive them, and that such
of the Presbytery of New York who live on Long Island, as are inclined to it,
may join with them as members.
A call was brought into the Synod, to be presented to the Rev. Mr. Dean
from the congregations of Timber Ridge and forks of James's River; the Syl
nod refer the consideration thereof to the Presbytery of New Castle, to which
Ur. Dean doth belong, and do recommend it to said Presbytery to meet at Mr.
Dean's meeting-house on Wednesday next upon said affair, and that Mr. Dean
and his people be speedily apprized of it.
A call was brought into the Synod from Falling Spring and New Providence,
to be presented to Mr. Byram, the acceptance of which he declined.
A supplication for supplies, and in particular for the opportunity of a pro-
bationer from Cedar Creek and Opeken, was brought into the Synod, and
also, a supplication for relief from a person who had suffered loss by fire ; the
consideration of both which is deferred until the next sederunt.
Adjourned to ten of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
19th da?/, at ten of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra,
Together with Mr. Charles Tennent.
Application was made to the Synod in behalf of the lower counties in and
adjacent to Maryland, for supplies.
Motion was made to the Synod in behalf of Cape May, in order to havo
some provision made for the settlement of a minister there.
A supplication was brought in from Augusta county in Virginia.
With respect to the supplication for a charitable contribution, the Synod
judges that it is an affair belonging to the civil magistrate, but does not belong
to them to transact any thing synodically about it.
The Synod proceeded to consider the motion respecting Cape May, and in
order to the relief of that people, the Synod doth recommend to the Presby-
tery of New Brunswick, to send down Mr. Lawrence immediately for a few
Sabbaths, and also recommends to the Presbytery of New Castle, to take Mr.
Hugh Henry speedily under trials, and in case of his licensure by said Prcs-
^J^<5ry, the Synod appoint said Presbytery, to send him directly down to said
people, to supply there some time upon trial for settlement, if Divine Provi-
dence clear the way.
In answer to the supplication from the people in Augusta county, the Synod
appoints Mr. Cummins to go there in the fall for some'time, and they appoint
Mr. Hunter to go into the lower counties, &c. the fii'st of September, and
preach there four Sabbaths.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead at
eleven of the clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
1749.
The Synod met at Maidenhead according to appointment,
Mai/ the 17th, 1749. U hi jwst jJreces sederunt
Ministers: Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Aaron Burr,
James Davenport, David Y'oungs, Thomas Arthur, John Braincrd, Gilbert
Tennent, Richard Treat, James Campbell, Charles Beatty, Samuel Sacket,
Timothy Allen, James McCrea, Thomas Lewit?, Andrew Hunter, Daniel
238 MINUTES OF THE [1749.
Lawrence, John Roan, Samuel Davis, Andrew Bay, John Rogers, Samuel
Finly.
Elders : Messrs. John Lyle, Samuel Hazard, Hugh Marten, Thomas Logan,
Daniel Grant, Hugh Kirkpatrick.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Simon Horton, Azariah Horton, David Bostwick,
Timothy Jones, Eliab Byram, Timothy Syms, John Grant, Jacob Green, Aaron
Richards, Caleb Smith, Silas Leonard, Joseph Lamb, William Tennent, Eleazer
Wales, Charles McKnight, Job Prudden, Robert Sturgeon, Samuel and John
Blair, Charles Tennent, Andrew Sterling.
Mr. Lamb, the last year's moderator, being absent, Mr. Gilbert Tennent
opened the Synod by a sermon on 2 Cor. v. 11.
Mr. Picrson chosen moderator, Mr. Finly clerk.
Mr. Elihu Spencer is admitted to sit in the Synod as correspondent.
The members absent the last year, and now present, gave their reasons for
their absence, which were sustained.
The Rev. Mr. Dean has been removed by death since our last meeting.
The Presbytery of Suffolk, by their delegate Mr. James Brown, signified
to the Synod their acceptance of the terms proposed to them the last session,
and said Presbytery are accordingly admitted into our Synod, in consequence
whereof Mr. Ebenezer Prime and Mr. James Brown, members of said Presby-
tery being present, are now admitted to sit in the Synod as members.
And the Synod recommends to those members of New York who dwell upon
Long Island, to join the Presbytery of Suffolk as members thereof
31r. Cummins fulfilled the appointment of our last in going to Virginia.
Mr. Hunter was prevented of fulfilling his appointments by reason of sick-
ness.
Motion was made by some members for making proposals for an union with
the Synod of Philadelphia, the further consideration of which is deferred till
the next sederunt.
Adjourned to seven of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
ISth day, at seven of the clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The motion for making proposals of union to the Synod of Philadelphia,
reassumed, and after much reasoning upon it, it was carried by a great majority
of votes, that proposals for an union be made to the Synod of Philadelphia in
the following words, viz :
The Synod of New York are deeply sensible of the many unhappy conse-
quences that flow from our present divided state, and have with pleasure ob-
served a spirit of moderation increasing between many of the members of both
Synods ; this opens a door of hope, that if we were united in one body, we
might be able to carry on the designs of religion in future peace and agree-
ment to our mutual satisfaction ; and though we retain the same sentiments of
the work of God which we formerly did, yet we esteem mutual forbearance
our duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith and Directory of
Worship. We would, therefore, humbly propose to our brethren of the Synod
of Philadelphia, that all our former differences be buried in perpetual oblivion,
and that for the time to come, both Synods be united into one, and that hence-
forth there be no contentions among us ; but to carry towards each other in the
most peaceable and brotherly manner, which we are persuaded will be for the
honour of our Master, the credit of our profession, and the edification of the
churches committed to our care. Accordingly we appoint the Rev. Messrs.
John Pierson, Gilbert Tennent, Ebenezer Pemberton, and Aaron Burr, to be
our delegates to wait upon the Synod of Philadelphia with these proposals.
239
1750.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK.
And if the Synod_ of Philadelphia see meet to join with us in this design, and
will please to appoint a commission to meet for that purpose, wc appoint the
Rev Messrs. John Pierson Ebenezer Pemberton, Aaron Burr, Gilbert and
^illiani Tennent Ilichard Treat, Samuel or John Blair, John Roan, Samuel
i^iulj, Jibenezer Prime, David Bostwick, and James Brown, (whom we appoint
a commission of tlie Synod for the ensuing year,) to meet with the commission
ot the Synod of Philadelphia, at such time and place as they shall choose, to
determine the affiiir of the union, agreeable to the preliminary articles con-
cluded upon by this Synod; and it is agreed that any other of our members
who shall please to meet with the commission, shall have liberty of votin.- and
acting in said affair equally with the members of said commission. Which
articles proposed as a general plan of union are as follows, viz :
1. To preserve the common peace, we would propose that all names of
distinction which have been made use of in the late times, be for ever abo-
lished.
2. That every member assent unto and adopt the Confession of Faith and
Directory, according to the plan formerly agreed to by the Synod of Philadel-
phia in the years .
o. That every member promise, that after any question has been detel-mined
by the major vote, he will actively concur or passively submit to the judgmcn>t
ot the body ; but if his conscience permit him to do neither of these, that then
he shall be obliged peaceably to withdraw from our Synodical communion,
without any attempt to make a schism or division among us. Yet this is not
intended to extend to any cases but those which the Synod judges essential in
matters of doctrine or discipline.
4. That all our respective congregations and vacancies be acknowledged as
congregations belonging to the Synod, but continue under the care of the same
Presbytery as now they are, until a favourable opportunity presents for an
advantageous alteration.
5. That we all agree to esteem and treat it as a censurable evil, to accuse any
of our members of error in doctrine or immorality in conversation, any other-
wise than by private reproof, till the accusation has been brought before a
regular judicature and issued according to the known rules of our discipline.
Upon a representation of the desolate circumstances of Virginia and Mary-
land, the Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Prime, Davenport, Youngs, and
Spencer, to write to the Eastern Association of Fairfield county, in Connecticut,
requesting them, if possible, to send some minister or ministers, to supply some
time in those southern provinces. Also, Mr. Davenport is appointed, if he
recovers a good state of health, to go and supply in Virginia.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead,
unless a different time and place be appointed by the commission. Concluded
with prayer.
1750.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Maidenhead, May IG/Zi, 1750. Vhl ;post preces sederunt
Ministers: Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Aaron Burr, Eliab
Byram, David Bostwick, Jacob Green, Caleb Smith, Thomas Arthur, Aaron
Richards, James Davenport, Richard Treat, W^illiam Tennent, Charles McKnight,
James McCrea, Timothy Allen, Thomas Lewis, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Law-
rence, Israel Read, Samuel Sacket, Samuel Blair, John Blair, John Roan,
Samuel Davis, Andrew Bay, John Rogers, Azariah Horton.
Elders : Messrs. Peter Beach, Cornelius Wyiikoop, Robert Cummins, Richard
240 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
Walker, "William L3mn, Moses Hallanij Joseph Peck, William Boyd, Samuel
Morris, William Murphey.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, Enos Ayres,
Timothy Syms, John Brainerd, John Grant, Elihu Spencer, Robert Sturgeon,
Gilbert Tenuent, Samuel Finly, Charles Tennent, Andrew Sterling, James
Campbell, and all of the Presbytery of Suffolk except Azariah Horton.
Mr. Pierson, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from
Colos. i. 18.
Mr. William Tennent chosen moderator, Mr. Arthur clerk.
The reasons sent in excuse for the present absence of Messrs. Charles Ten-
nent, Samuel Finly, and Simon Horton, are sustained.
The Rev. Mr. Lamb is removed by death since our last session.
The minutes of our last session could not be obtained at present, and there-
fore the Synod was necessitated to proceed without them.
Ordered, That any member of the Synod who may have them, or any other
of the minutes of this Synod since its first erection, in their keeping, take care
to produce them at the next session.
The committee appointed by the last Synod to wait upon the Synod of
Philadelphia, with a preliminary plan for an union, make report that they
complied with said appointment, and in consequence thereof a commission of
both Synods agreed to meet at Trenton, the first Wednesday of October, 1749,
and met accordingly.
Ordered, That the minutes of that meeting be laid before the Synod, which
being done, the Synod ordered them to be inserted in their minutes, and they
are as follows, viz.
" Trenton, October \.tli, 1749.
" Met according to an agreement between the commissioners of the Synod
of New York and the Synod of Philadelphia, the commission of both Synods
to treat upon an overture of union between the said Synods, ofiisred to the Synod
of Philadelphia by the Synod of New York.
" Present of the Synod of Philadelphia : Messrs. Cross, Alison, Cathcart,
Boyd, McHenry, Cowell, Griffith, and Thom.
'' Of the Synod of New York : Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Gilbert and
William Tennent, Treat, Samuel and John Blair, Lewis, Finly, Roan, and
Arthur.
" N. B. In the appointment of the commission of the Synod of New York,
liberty was expressly granted to any of their members, though not in com-
mission, to attend and have equal liberty of voting with the commissioners if
they were inclined so to do.
^'- Post preces sederunt qui snpra, with divers members of the Synod of New
York.
*' Mr. David Cowell was chosen moderator, Mr. Thomas Arthur clerk.
'' Several members of the Synod of New York, that had not been present
at forming the general plan for an union, moved that before the commissioners
entered upon the afiair of the union, they might have a private conference with
the members of their own Synod, that they might be fully acquainted with each
other's sentiments relating to the union, and also further inform themselves as
to the general concessions made in the aforesaid plan, or preliminary articles,
or by. their committee; which motion was granted.
''Adjourned to eight of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
1750.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 241
"Thursdaij, bth day^ met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
"The commissioners of the Synod of New York considering the protest
of the Synod of Phikdelphia, whereby they excluded from their communion
the Presbytery of New Brunswick and their adherents, as one principal bar
to an union, waiving all other matters, immediately insisted that said protest
should, by some authentic and formal act of the Synod of Philadelphia, be
made null and void. The debates on this head arose very high, and there
appearing no prospect of accommodating matters, the commissioners of both
Synods came unanimously into this conclusion, viz. That whereas certain
difficulties arose in the conversation of the commissioners of both Synods,
they came finally and unanimously into this agreement, that both Synods at
their next sessions do more fully prepare proposals for an accommodation,
and interchange said proposals, and that in the mean time, there be a mutual
endeavour to cultivate a spirit of candour and friendship. At the same time
these three principal things were especially recommended to the consideration
of their respective Synods. 1. The protest. 2. That paragraph about essen-
tials. 3. Of Presbyteries. Concluded with prayer."
The affitir of the xinion was taken lender consideration, according to the
conclusion of the commissioners of both Synods as aforesaid. But the Synod
is sorry to find that it is not in their power to proceed to make further propo-
sals at this session, for want of the last year's minutes, and a copy of the
former plan of preliminary articles, occasioned by the absence of their former
clerk. But still they profess their design to enter upon the affiiir at their
next sessions, and in the mean time to maintain a spiiut of candour and
friendship.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent to the Eev. Mr. Gilbert Ten-
neut, who is hereby appointed to deliver it in to the Synod of Philadelphia, at
the beginning of their next sessions.
Upon application made by Mr. Davis in behalf of the people in the southern
colonics, the Synod do recommend to the Presbytery of New Brunswick to
endeavour to prevail with Mr. John Todd, upon his being licensed, to take a
journey thither; and also to the Presbytery of New York, to urge the same
upon Messrs. Syms and Greenman.
Mr. Davenport is appointed to go into Virginia to assist in supplying the
numerous vacant and destitute congregations there. The same is also recom-
mended to the llev. Mr. Byram.
Adjourned to eight o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Vltli day, at eight of the clock, A. M. Post p)reccs sederunt qui supra.
An affair of the congregation of Tehicken was brought into the Synod by a
reference from the Presbytery of New Brunswick, which the Synod pro-
ceeded to consider, and ordered the parties concerned to lay the case before
them in order to be determined, which was accordingly done; and after much
was said, many papers read, and all persons had offered what they thought
proper with respect to the matter in controversy, the Synod came into the
following conclusion, viz. That whereas the congregation of Tehicken is sadly
divided about the fairness and obligation of a lot made use of by them for the
determining the place for their meeting-house, the Synod, after a full hearing
the case, came unanimously into this judgment, viz. that though they do by
all means discountenance the method of ending such matters of cniitroversy
by lottery, yet as to the lot under debate, the Synod is of the opinion, that
31
242 MINUTES OF THE [1750.
it was fairly cast, and consequently binding itpon the parties concerned, as also
other former agreements said people have solemnly obliged themselves to;
and the Synod doth judge, that they have acted very sinfully who have broken
through these repeated solemn obligations, and that a solemn admonition be
given unto them by Mr. Pemberton in the name of the Synod; which was
accordingly done.
The last year's commission continued for the ensuing year.
Adjourned to the fourth Thursday in September next, to meet at Newark.
Concluded with prayer.
The Synod met according to adjournment,
Newark, September 2.1th, 1750. Ubi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Azariah Horton, James Brown, David
Youngs, Ebenezer Pemberton, John Pierson, Aaron Burr, Timothy Jones,
Jacob Green, John Grant, Caleb Smith, Aaron Richards, Timothy Syms, Daniel
Thane, Thomas Arthur, Enos Ayres, Elihu Spencer, William Tennent, Richard
Treat, Charles Beatty, Thomas Lewis, Daniel Lawrence, Timothy Allen, Israel
Read, Samuel Finly, Simon Horton.
Elders : John Smith, David Ray, John Lyle.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Silvanus White, Samuel Bewel, James McCrea,
Gilbert Tennent, Job Prudden, Samuel Sacket, Andrew Hunter, James Daven-
port, Samuel Blair, John Blair, John Roan, Charles Tennent, Andrew Bay,
Samuel Davis, John Rogers, James Campbell, Andrew Sterling, Alexander
Hutchinson.
Mr. Prime chosen moderator, Mr. Smith clerk.
The Synod was opened by a sermon preached by Mr. Cummins from Rom.
viii. 15.
The Rev. Mr. Eleazer Wales is removed by death since our last session.
Adjourned till two of the clock, post meridiem. Concluded with prayer.
Two of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra
The minutes of the Synod since their first erection being, according to the
order of our last, brought into the Synod, they appoint Mr. Treat to transcribe
them into a book that they be not lost, and that he be henceforth their stated
clerk for that purpose.
The reasons given by the present members of their absence the last session
were sustained.
The aifair of the union with the Synod of Philadelphi;^, came under consid-
eration, and the Synod appoints Messrs. Treat, William Tennent, Finly, Green,
and Spencer, to be a committee to draw up proposals upon that head to be
brought in at their next sederunt.
The High Dutch congregation of Rockway, in the township of Lebanon,
applied to the Synod that they may be taken under the care of this Synod, and
that a certain person now preaching among them may be taken under examina-
tion, and if approved, ordained a minister to them. The Synod, in order to clear
their way to transact any thing with said people, do appoint Mr. Pemberton to
make inquiry of the Dutch ministers in New York, whether said people do
belong to their jurisdiction ; and he is to acquaint a committee of tlie Synod
how that matter is. And the Synod appoints Messrs. Pierson, Burr, Arthur,
Smith, and Spencer, their committee, to sit at such time and place as they
shall appoint, and transact in said aifair, according as things shall then appear to
them.
Upon a representation made by Mr. Beatty of the necessitous circumstances
1750.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 243
of the congregation of Cape May, and tlieir earnest request that some minister,
or candidate, might be sent down to them and settle with them, the Synod ap-
points Mr. Davenport to go and spend the winter with them for that purpose,
if consistent with his affairs.
Adjourned till eight of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
28th dai/, at eight of the clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Pemberton, Picrsou, Burr, Arthur, Gilbert and William Ten-
nent, Treat, Finly, Samuel and John Blair, Azariah Horton, Brown, and
the moderator, are appointed to be a commission of the Synod for this
year.
The Synod making inquiry how the several appointments for Virginia have
been fulfilled, do find that Mr. Davenport has been there, and that Mr. Todd is
licensed, and preparing speedily to go ; but that the other appointments by one
means or other have failed.
The committee according to appointment, brought in a draught of proposals
for an union with the Synod of Philadelphia, which the Synod approve, and
they are as follow, viz.
1. That every member assent unto and receive the Westminster Confession
of Faith and Catechisms, as the confession of his faith, according to the plan
formerly mentioned and proposed, and also agree to the Directory as the general
plan of worship and discipline.
2. That all matters shall be determined by a majority of votes, to which
determination all shall submit ; but if any member or members cannot, in con-
science submit to any particular act or determination of the body, he or they
shall be obliged, after sufficient liberty of reasoning and modest remonstration,
to withdraw from our Synodical communion. Provided always, that this last
article shall not extend to any cases but such as the Synod shall judge to be
essential in doctrine, worship, or discipline.
3. That it shall be treated as a censurable misconduct, for any member to
charge any of his brethren with errors in doctrine or immorality in conversa-
tion, except in a way of private reproof or judicial process. And that none shall
be judicially condemned or censured without a fair trial and process, according
to the known rules of our discipline.
4. That no candidate shall be taken upon trials by any Presbytery, without
a degree or a certificate from the president, and a sufiicient number of the tutors
or trustees of some college, testifying to the sufficiency of his learning ; except
in cases extraordinary, in which the Presbyteries shall be accountable to the
Synod for their conduct.
5. That it shall be treated as irregular, for any minister or candidate to preach
or perform other ministerial offices in the congregations of other ministers be-
longing to our body, contrary to their minds. On the other hand it shall be
esteemed unbrotherly for any minister to refuse his consent, (without weighty
reasons,) when amicably desired.
6. That all the several Presbyteries belonging to both Synods respectively,
shall continue distinct Presbyteries as now they are, and that the several con-
gregations and vacancies may continue to be under the same Presbyteries as at
present.
7. That the protestation made in the Synod of Philadelphia in the year
1741, be declared henceforth void and of none effect, and that the [.roposed union
shall not be understood to imply an agreement or consent to said ])rotestation
on the part of this Synod.
8. Forasmuch as this Synod doth believe, (as they have before declared,) that
244 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
a glorious work of God's Spirit was carried on in the late religious appear-
ances, (though we doubt not but there were several follies and extravagan-
cies of people, and artifices of Satan intermixed therewith,) it would be pleasing
and desirable to us, and what we hope for, that both Synods may come
so far to agree in their sentiments about it, as to give their joint testimony
thereto.
Ordered, That Mr. Treat, the stated clerk, transcribe these proposals and
deposit a true copy thereof in the hands of Mr. Samuel Hazard of Philadelphia,
to be delivered to the Synod of Philadelphia, or their order, when he shall have
received their proposals.
The Synod adjourned to the day after the commencement the ensuing year,
and then to sit at Newark. Concluded with prayer.
1751.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Newark, September l^th, 1751. U hi post preces sederunt
Ministers of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime and Azariah
Horton.
Of the New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton,
Simon Horton, Aaron Burr, James Davenport, David Bostwick, Jacob Green,
Caleb Smith, John Brainerd, Elihu Spencer, Daniel Thane, Enos Ayres, John
Moflfett, Chauneey Graham.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : Messrs. William Tennent, Richard
Treat, Charles McKnight, Charles Beatty, Eliab Byram, Thomas Lewis,
Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Israel Read, Samuel Kennedy, Benjamin
Chesnutt.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : Messrs. James Campbell, Samuel Finly,
John Blair, Samuel Davis, John Rogers. Mr. John Smith correspondent.
Elders : Messrs. John Ball, John Henderson, Anthony Scout, Hugh Mar-
ten, John Kirkpatrick, Philip Celsel, AUin Killock, Daniel Morris, Aaron
Trueheart, Jonathan Holms, Elias Bayley.
Ministers absent. Of Long Island Presbytery: Messrs. Silvanus White,
James Brown, Samuel Bewel, Naphtali Dagget, David Youngs, Samuel
Sackett.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Timothy Syms, Timothy Jones, John
Grant, Aaron Richards, Alexander Cummins, Jonathan Elmore. j
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, James McCrea,
Timothy Allen, Job Prudden, John Campbell, John Todd.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, John Roan, Andrew
Sterling, Andrew Bay, Hugh Henry.
Mr. John Blair chosen moderator, Mr. Byram clerk.
Mr. Prime, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from
Psal. cii. 16.
The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Blair and Thomas Arthur, are departed this life
since the last Synod.
A petition was sent into the Synod by the trustees of the college of New
Jersey, desiring that the Rev. Mr. Ebenezer Pemberton might be appointed
to make a voyage to Europe to solicit benefactions for said college j and like-
wise, requesting that some members of the Synod might be appointed to go
immediately to New York, to treat with Mr. Pemberton's congregation upon
said aifair. The Synod taking this matter into consideration, do appoint Messrs.
Aaron Burr, Richard Treat, William Tennent, and Samuel Davis, to be a com-
1751.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 045
mittee_ to go immediately to New York, and treat witli ]Mr. Pemberton's con-
gregation upon said aifair.
Adjourned to three of the clock, posi meridiem. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the cloek, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The excuses of Messrs. Hunter, Davenport, James Campbell, Rogers, and
the moderator, for their absence from the last Synod, are sustained.
The committee to whom the affair of the Dutch congregation of Rockway
was referred the last Synod, do make report, that diflBculties arising in their
way from time to time, they have not been able to do any thing in it. And
application being again made to the Synod by said congregation, desiring they
would take the said affair under their care ; the Synod do refer it to the Pres-
bytery of New Brunswick, to transact in it according as they shall judge best,
when matters are fully laid before them.
The Synod find that Mr. Davenport fulfilled his appointment in going to
Cape ]May.
Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Burr, Spencer, Gilbert and William Tennent,
Treat, Finly, Rogers, Prime, Azariah Horton, Brown, and the moderator, are
appointed to be a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year.
Proposals of accommodation from the Synod of Philadelphia, (in compli-
ance with the agreement of the commissions of both Synods at Trenton, men-
tioned in the preceding minutes, page 23,) were brought into the Synod
and read, the consideration of which deferred till the nest sederunt. [See
page 204.]
The Synod understanding that one Vandreron, a Dutch preacher, going from
place to place, does much disturb some of our congregations, and being a person
of gross enormities and scandals, the Synod judge it to be their duty to ad-
monish all the people under their care to avoid the said Vandreron, and give no
countenance to his preaching.
Adjourned to to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
27th day J at nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui svpra.
Mr. Prime absent, having obtained leave to go home.
The Synod being informed of certain misrepresentations concerning the con-
stitution, order, and discipline of our churches, industriously spread by some
of the members of the Dutch congregations, interspersed among or bordering
upon us, with design to prevent occasional or constant communion of their
members with our churches ; to obviate all such misrepresentations, and to
cultivate a good understanding between us and our brethren of the Dutch
churches, we do hereby declare and testify our constitution, order, and dis-
cipline, to be in harmony with the established church of Scotland. The West-
minster Confession, Catechisms, and Directory for public worship and church
government adopted by them, are in like manner received and adopted by us.
We declare ourselves united with that church in the same faith, order, and
discipline. Its approbation, countenance, and favour, we have abundant tes-
timonies of. They, as brethren, receive us; and their members, we, as oppor-
tunity offers, receive as ours. And as the church of Scotland, and the Re-
formed churches abroad, agreeable to the Geneva Platform, hold a ready and
free communion with each other, so we also desire the same with our brethren
of the Dutch and French churches, interspersed amongst and bordering
upon us.
The exigencies of the great affair of propagating the gospel among the hea-
246 MINUTES OF THE [1751.
then, being represented unto the Synod, the Synod, in order to promote so
important and valuable a design, do enjoin all their members to appoint a col-
lection in their several congregations once every year, to be applied for that
purpose ; and that the money raised by such collections be yearly sent to the
Synod.
The Synod do, moreover, recommend to all their members, as far as prudence
may direct, to make another annual collection for the support of young stu-
dents, whose circumstances render them incapable to maintain themselves at
learning, and for other charitable purposes ; which contributions shall be at the
disposal of such respective Presbyteries where they are made.
A petition of a number of the members of the Presbytery of New Bruns-
wick, praying to be ei*ected into a distinct Presbytery, was brought into the
Synod, the further consideration of it deferred till the next sederunt.
A petition from a number of the inhabitants of Tinnicum or Tehicken, pray-
ing for liberty for supplies at the place called the Old House. The Synod,
after hearing what they had to offer in support of said petition, and after con-
sideration thereon, do unanimously reject said petition.
The consideration of the proposals of the Synod of Philadelphia in order to
union, taken under consideration, and the Synod appoint Messrs. Pierson,
Finly, Smith, Beatty, and the moderator, to draw up an answer and lay it be-
fore the Synod the next sederunt.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clock, P. M, Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the petition of some members of the Presbytery of
New Brunswick was resumed, and after hearing what they had to offer in
support thereof, the Synod agree to grant said petition, and do erect that part
of the Presbytery of New Brunswick that live in Pennsylvania, together with
those who live in New Jersey, to the southward of Philadelphia, bordering
upon Delaware, into a distinct Presbytery by the name of the Presbytery of
Abington, and also appoint their first meeting to be at Philadelphia the third
Wednesday in May next.
The committee appointed to draw up something in answer to the proposals
of the Synod of Philadelphia, laid before the Synod what they had done, which
the Synod apj^rove, and is as follows, viz.
The proposals of the Synod of Philadelphia for union with this Synod were
opened and read. The Synod after deliberate perusal of them are pleased in
observing any steps taken towards the uniting the two Synods, and that our
brethren of the Philadelphia Synod profess a peaceable disposition, and deter-
mine to concur with our proposals as closely and as far as they can, in their
present view of things. But as they have not seen fit to comply with some
of the particulars proposed by us so closely as we could have wished, we
judge it becomes our professions, and our endeavours for peace, to be candidly
open and free in pointing out those things from which we disagree in their pre-
sent plan of accommodation.
1. Though the Synod should make no acts but concerning matters of plain
duty, or opinions relating to the great truths of religion, yet as every thing
that appears plain duty and truth unto the body, may appear at the same time
not to be essential, so we judge that no member or members should be obliged
to withdraw from our communion upon his or their not being able actively to
concur, or passively submit, unless the matter be judged essential in doctrine
or discipline.
2. We cannot agree that all the public and fundamental agreements of the
1752.] SYNOD OF NLW YORK. 247
Synod of Philadelphia should stand safe, if this is understood to extend to
agreements made by said Synod since the rupture happened.
3. We cannot see that it will consist with the peace and edification of the
church to use any coercive measures to oblige people to be under the ministry
of those whom they do not choose, or to dissolve and new model Presby-
teries.
4. Seeing by the goodness of Divine Providence we have now a college
erected, we see no necessity for the alternative of the Synod or their commis-
sion examining candidates before they be admitted to Presbyterial trials.
As the Synod of Philadelphia had not our last proposals before them when
they drew up the present plan of accommodation, we refer them to said pro-
posals, as to what we further desire in order to our union with them.
Ordered, That the clerk send an attested copy of the above to Mr. Samuel
Hazard, of Philadelphia, to be delivered to the moderator of the Synod at
Philadelphia.
The distressing circumstances of Virginia being represented to the Synod,
they appoint Mr Greenman to go into Virginia as soon as possibly he can, and
supply there for some time.
A motion being made to the Synod by Mr. Davis, of the necessity of send-
ing to England an account relating to the dissenting interest in Virginia, the
Synod does order that a representation of the circumstances of the Presby-
terian congregations in that colony be made and signed in the name of the
Synod, by Messrs. Burr and Pemberton, to Dr. Doddridge and Dr. Avery, and
also a certificate of Mr. Davis's character.
The committee sent to New York by the Synod on the petition of the trus-
tees of the college, returned and reported that their attempts were to no pur-
pose in the affair of their mission.
Adjourned to the day after the commencement of the ensuing year, and then
to meet at Newark. Concluded with prayer.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Neicark, Sejjtemher '2Sth, 1752. Ubi sederunt post preces,
Ministers : Messrs. John Plerson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Simon ITorton,
Aaron Burr, James Davenport, Jacob Green, David Bostwick, Caleb Smith,
John Bi'ainerd, Elihu Spencer, Daniel Thane, Chauncey Graham, William
Tennent, Andrew Hunter, Timothy Allen, Israel Head, Eliab Byram, Thomas
Lewis, Richard Treat, Charles Beatty, Daniel Lawrence, Samuel Finly, Aza-
riah Ilorton, Aaron Richards, Alexander Cummins, Job Prudden, Conrad
Worts, John Grant, Naphtali Dagget.
Elders : James Kilburn, Joseph Kerr.
Ministers absent: Enos Ayers, John Moffort, Timothy Jones, Jonathan
Elmore, Charles McKnight, James McCrea, Samuel Kennedy, John Todd,
Gilbert Tennent, Benjamin Chesnutt, John Campbell, James Campbell, John
Blair, John Rogers, Charles Tennent, John Roan, Andrew Sterling, Andrew
Bay, Hugh Henry, Ebenezer Prime, Silvanus White, Samuel Bewel, James
Brown, Samuel Sacket, James Finly, Robert Smith.
Mr. Treat chosen moderator, Mr. Samuel Finly clerk.
Our last year's moderator being absent the Rev. Mr. Jonathan Edwards,
at the request of the members, opened the Synod with a sermon on James
ii. 19.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
248 MINUTES OF THE 1-1750.
Three of the dock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Kev. David Youngs has departed this life since our last.
Mr. Cummins, Mr. Richards, Mr. Grant, Mr. Dagget, Mr. Allen, and Mr.
Prudden, gave the reasons of their absence the last Synod, which were sus-
tained.
According to appointment of Synod, the Presbytery of New Brunswick
examined the affair of the Dutch congregation at Eockway, and ordained Mr.
Worts to be their minister.
_ Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Burr, Spencer, Gilbert and William Tennent
Finly, Rogers, Prime, Azariah Horton, Brown, and the moderator, are ap-
pointed to be a commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Inquiry into the affiiir of the collection for the Indians, appointed the last
Synod, deferred until another sederunt.
The clerk reports that he complied with the order of sending an attested
copy of our last year's proposals to Mr. Hazard, to be given in to the Synod
of Philadelphia; m consequence of which, and the proposals of this Synod in
the year 1750, the Synod of Philadelphia sent a letter of remarks and propo-
sals, which being read, the consideration of them deferred till to-morrow
[See page 205.]
Mr. Greenman's reasons for his not going to Virginia, according to the ap-
pointment of the last Synod, are sustained.
The Rev. Messrs. Jonathan Edwards, John Smith, and Hopkins beino-
present, do join as correspondents. ' °
A reference from the Presbytery of New York concerning some matters of
ditterence among the members of the Presbyterian congregation of New York
which were laid before said Presbytery, was brought into the Synod, and after
hearing many things in relation thereto, the Synod deferred the further exami-
nation thereof till the next sederunt.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
29 day, at nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Only Mr. Lewis departed without leave.
The Synod proceeded to make inquiry concerning the collection for the
Indians, and it was found that all the members present made collections except
Messrs. William Tennent, Davenport, Byram, Beatty, Richards, Grant, Dago-ct
bimon^ Horton, and Read, who propose afterwards to collect and send their
collections to Mr. Brainerd. Ordered, also, that the collections brouo-ht to the
Synod be paid into the hands of Mr. Brainerd, to be disposed of bvihe corre-
spondents for the Indian aifairs.
A motion being made to the Synod by the trustees of the eolle^re of New
Jersey to obtam a public collection from all the congregations belonging to the
Synod, and the Synod having taken the matter into consideration^ do unani-
mously approve the motion, and earnestly recommend it to all the Presbyteries
to see that every one of their members do endeavour to collect money in their
respective congregations for that purpose; and also in vacancies, where thev
have opportunity so to do; and the Synod order, that all other public collec-
tions before appointed by them to be annually observed, be suspended on that
account. ^
The Synod do likewise order that the said collection for the colle-re be
made betwixt this time and May next, and that an account of what is o-uthered
by every Presbytery, be transmitted to the President of the college bv each
Presbytery. ° •'
1752.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 249
The consideration of tlie proposals of the Synod of Philadelphia, in order to
an union, further deferred.
The affair of the reference from the Preshytery of New York reassumed, and
the pleas of all parties being fully heard, the Synod defer the judicial determi-
nation thereof till the nest sederunt.
Adjourned till half an hour after two of the clock, P. M. Concluded with
prayer.
Hal f an Jiour after tioo, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui S7ipra.
Mr. Davis is come to the Synod ; his not coming in the beginning of this
session occasioned by mistaking the time of their meeting.
The Synod agree to desire the llev. Mr. Edwards to publish his sermon
preached before them.
Upon a representation of the destitute circumstances of Virginia, &c. the
Synod appoint Mr. Greenman and Mr. Robert Henry, to go there some time
betwixt this and the next Synod.
Whereas a certain person pretending at Egg Harbour to be a minister regu-
larly ordained among the Presbyterians, and under that character baptized
some adults and infants, and it appearing to the Synod that his pretences
■were false, having at that time no license or ordination, it is our opinion that
all the gospel ordinances he administered under that false and pretended char-
acter are null and invalid.
The proposals of the Synod of Philadelphia came to be considered, and the
Synod finding they had not time to go through with them this session, agreed
upon the following answer, to be sent to them by the stated clerk.
Very Reverend and dear Brethren : We have received your letter. The
great crowd of Synodical affairs now upon our hands, renders it impossible for
us to give it that attentive examination which the importance of the affair
requires. We shall endeavour, as soon as we have opportunity, to give it a
calm and deliberate consideration, and hope we shall return you such an an-
swer as shall give you convincing evidence, that we entertain the most affec-
tionate desires of ?T(eace and union upon such a bottom as may contribute to the
edification and Qor&fort of all our churches. In the mean time, it is our sincere
inclination to evidence towards you all proper and friendly regards.
The affair of New York referred to the Synod as before mentioned, and heard
at length, reassumed in order to a judgment, and the Synod having seriously
and deliberately considered the sundry articles of debate and complaint laid
before them, came into the following conclusions :
1. That the building, ground, &c. conveyed from the General Assembly of
the Church of Scotland to the Presbyterian Society in New York, belong to
Presbyterians without distinction of name or nation, who conform to the
general plan of the Church of Scotland as practised by the Synod of New York.
2. That it is not inconsistent with the Presbyterian plan of government, nor
the institution of our Lord Jesus Christ, that trustees, or a committee chosen
by the congregation, should have the disposal and application of the public
money raised by said congregation, to the uses for which it was designed ; pro-
vided that they leave in the hands and to the management of the deacons, what
is collected for the Lord's table and the poor. And that ministers of the
gospel, by virtue of their office, have no right to sit with or preside over such
trustees or committees.
3. That it appears to the Synod, that the trustees of said churcli have faith-
fully discharged the trust repo.scd in them, with respect to its temporalities,
much to its advantage.
4. That as to the articles of complaint brought against Mr. Cumming, it
32
250 MINUTES OF THE [-1753.
appears to the Synod, that he has been necessarily hindered from perforni'-n'/
his part in public service, by his low state of health ; but they iud.^e it hil
duty to discharge it according to his call when his health will admit: and
when he is disabled, he should desire Mr. Pemberton to officiate in his rooni.
ihat his insisting on a right to sit with the trustees in their conventions about
the temporal affiiirs of the congregation, was not a violation of his ordination
vows, which respect only the work of the ministry, although they iud-e he
acted imprudently in so doing. That he is to be commended for insisting on
persons praying m their flimilies, who present their children to baptism : but
masmuch_ as it appears expedient, that the same form of covenantin<^ should
be used m the same church; the Synod do, therefore, recommend it to Mr.
remberton and Mr. Gumming, to consult with the committee hereafter to be
mentioned about a form that they can both agree in.
5. That the said church proceed as soon as may be, to the choice of elders
to jom with their_ ministers in the government and discipline of the church ;
and that the committee hereafter to be appointed do nominate the persons to be
chosen, and determine the number.
_ 6^ That as to the methods taken to introduce a new version of the psalms
in the public worship, the Synod judge it to be disorderly, and always to be
discountenanced when the parties in matters of debate in a church do carry
about private subscriptions. -^
7. That as to the introduction of a new version of psalms, the Synod hath
not lio^t at present to determine, but do impower the committee to recom-
To^^er ' ''''''''''''' '^ ''^"'" observation of circumstances they think it
And the Synod do appoint the Kev. Messrs. Samuel Davis, Samuel Finly,
and Char es Beatty, to be a committee to go immediately to New York, and
direct andassist the Presbyterian congregation of New York in such afla irs as
may contribute to their peace and edification
Adjourned to the first Wednesday of October, 1753, and then to meet at
Philadelphia at three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1753.
The Synod met according to appointment.
PhiladeljAia, October Sd, 1753. Uhi post j^reces sederunt
Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones,
^^?a^/,^?.' ^r^'^ Bostwick, John Brainerd, Elihu Spencer. ^
Of huffi:)lk Presbytery : Mr. James Brown.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Charles McKnight,
Ehab Byram, Thomas Lewis, Israel Read, Samuel Kennedy, Conradus Woit.
Of Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, Charles
Beatty^^ Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Benjamin Chesnutt.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, Samuel Finly, James
Campbel, James Davenport, Evander Morrison, Samuel Davis, Andrew Bav,
John Rogers Hugh Henry, Robert Smith, James Finly, John Todd.
Elders : Messrs. Jacob Bedel, Robert Cummins, Hugh Marten, John Roy,
Thomas Coon Robert English, David Chambers, William Adams, Richa/d
\\alker, Jonathan Ho ines, William McCrea, John Vandyke, Francis Alexan-
der, Samuel Jamison, William Buchanan.
Ministers absent : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Simon Hor-
ton Aaron Bun-, John Smith, Silas Leonard, Jacob Green, Aaron Richards,
Caleb Simth, Enos Ayres, Chauncey Graham, Alexander Cummins, John
Moliett, Daniel Thane, Jonathan Elmore, Ebenezer Prime, Silvanus White,
1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 051
Joseph Park, Samuel Sacket, John Maltby, Samuel Bewel, Napthali Dag^ret,
James McCrea, Samuel Harker, Job Prudden, Alexander Hutchinson, Alex-
ander Craighead, John Koau, John Blair, Andrew Stirling, John Wright,
Robert Henry.
jMessrs. John Grant and John Campbell, have departed this life since our
last Synod.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Treat, the last year's moderator, by a sermon,
on Heb. iii. 2.
Mr. Samuel Finly was chosen moderator, Mr. Bostwick chosen clerk.
r Mr. Davis and Mr. Ptogers were appointed to revise the Synod's book against
the next sederunt.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
Ath day, at nine oftJie cloclc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Davis and Mr. Rogers complied with the appointment of the last sede-
riait in revising the Synod book, and brought their remarks, which the Synod
approved.
The Synod do appoint, that Mr. Treat, who is the stated clerk, be allowed
three pounds per annum, for his service in transcribing the minutes in their
proper order into the Synod book ; and that every minister endeavour to bring
ten shillings annually, to defray the above mentioned charge, and for other
exigencies that may happen, and that the same be lodged in the hands of Mr.
Treat as the Synod's treasurer.
Messrs. Jones, McKnight, Todd, Kennedy, Gilbert Tennent, Rogers, Ches-
nutt, James Campbel, Charles Tennent, Bay, Hugh Henry, Silvanus White,
and James Finly, gave the reasons for their absence the last year, which were
sustained.
The following ministers were absent the last year as well as at this present
meeting : Messrs. Enos Ayres, John Moffet, Jonathan Elmore, James McCrea,
John Blair, John Roan, Andrew Sterling, Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Bewel.
The Synod order, that the last mentioned members be called to account for
their absence.
Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Burr, Spencer, William and Charles Tennent,
Treat, Rogers, Prime, Brown, Azariah Horton, and the moderator, are appointed
to be a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year.
The Synod, upon inquiry concerning the collection appointed for the use
of the college, do find they cannot go through with said affair, by reason of
the absence of divers of their members, and do, therefore, refer it tc) each of
their Presbyteries to make inquiry of each of their members, touching their
compliance with said appointment, and take due care that their respective
members do comply with it accordingly, and give an account of their conduct
to the next Synod.
The Synod do appoint each of their Presbyteries to bring their Presbytery
books to the next Synod in order to be examined.
The affair of union with the Synod of Philadelphia, referred to this Synod
by our last, deferred to the next sederunt.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. j
Three oftlie cloch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of the union was brought under consideration, and the last pro-
posals from the Synod of Philadelphia, &c. were read, and the Synod do ap-
point Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Davis, and the moderator, to prepare an answer
thereto, and lay it before the Synod the next sederunt.
252 MINUTES OF THE
[1753.
The committee appointed by the last Synod to go to New York to direct
and assist the Presbyterian congregation in affairs relating to their peace and
edification, make report of their compliance with said appointment. The
minutes of their proceedings being laid before the Synod, are approved, and are
as follows, viz.
" JVew York, October 2d, 1752.
_ " The committee appointed by the Synod to direct and assist the Presbyte-
rian congregation of New York in such affairs as contribute to their peace and
satisfaction, met, uhi jiost preces sederunt, Messrs. Samuel Finly, Charles Beatty,
and Samuel Davis. ^' ^'
" Mr. Finley was chosen moderator, and Mr. Davis clerk.
" Ordered, That the minutes of the Synod containing their conclusions con-
cerning the affair referred unto them by the Presbytery be read.
" The committee after the best inquiry they could make into the circum-
stances of the congregation, do conclude that but two persons should at pre-
sent be chosen to sustain the office of elders, and that Messrs. David Van-
horn, and Israel Horsfield are proper persons for that purpose, and they do
accordingly nominate the said persons to that office ; and give public notice,
that if any of the members of said congregation have any sufficient objections
against either of them, they would bring them into the committee in the
afternoon.
'' Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
" Tliree of the chcJc, P. M. Ubi post preces sedertmt qui supra.
'' Messrs. Vanhorn and Horsfield being spoken unto by the committee, and
the peculiar exigency of the case being represented unto them, they consented
to accept of the office for which they are nominated; and the congregation
brought in no objections against them, but signified their consent by holding up
their hands. '' ° ^
^'The committee after careful inquiry and deliberation, do conclude, from
the best views of the present disposition of affairs they can attain, that it is not
expedient at present, judicially to recommend a change of the version of
Psalms, lest the animosities in the congregation should be more inflamed ; but
they most earnestly recommend moderation, forbearance, and condescension to
both parties, till such times as by the use of proper measures, they shall come
to an agreement among themselves. Concluded with prayer."
Application was made to the Synod in behalf of the trustees of the Col-
lege ot New Jersey, requesting the Synod to appoint two of their members
VIZ. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, and Samuel Davies, to take a voyage to Europe
on the important affairs of said college; to which the Synod unanimously
consent. •'
The congregation of Philadelphia, under the care of Mr. Tennent, requested
that in the absence of their pastor, they may be supplied with such members
ot the Synod as they shall choose, till their next meeting: which was unani-
mously agreed unto.
Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
Ml day, at nine of the dock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed by the Synod to draw up an answer to the letter
1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 253
sent to them by the Synod of Philadelphia, on the affair of the union, brought
in said answer, which being read before the Synod, was approved, and is as
follows, viz.
Reverend and dear Brethren, — Your remarks on our proposals for an union
of the two Synods we have diligently perused, and must say, that some of them,
^t least, were unexpected to us. Our first proposals contained some generals ;
which, being too much so, were misconstrued by some on both sides. How-
ever, when the commissioners of both Synods met at Trenton, they easily saw
that it was necessary, and accordingly agreed to be particular in their proposals
for the future. For this reason we mentioned all those particulars which we
desired might be conceded, or at least canvassed, when we come to confer more
closely on the affair. And if matters are duly recollected, we presume that it
will appear we have not receded from our own proposals in any particular.
1. We did propose that all former differences, upon our union, should be
buried in perpetual oblivion. And we also proposed that the protestation en-
tered in the Synod in the year 1741, should particularly be buried in oblivion,
being declared void and of none effect. Nor can we see any inconsistency in pro-
posing the general, and afterwards a particular contained under it. For so
we viewed the matter. Now the protest must either be declared void, or not
be buried in oblivion. As you declare it to be a judicial act, it must stand in
full force and virtue unless it be nullified by an equal act. And thus our
uniting without its repeal, would be an implicit approbation of it, contrary to
our judgment. And further, your " looking upon the design of the protesta-
tion answered" by your terms of union, seems to favour what we heard was
reported by some of your number, viz. that the protest was to be confirmed,
and we to be received on that footing ; which was given by the commission of
our Synod at Trenton, as the reason of their mentioning said protest in parti-
cular. Nor have we any further design in insisting that it be declared void
and of none effect, but that our uniting may not imply our approbation of it.
And we think that your continuing to declare that "you are well satisfied
that the protestation was made on sufiicient and justifiable grounds, and that
you are not, in the least, convinced that the Synod acted wrong in said
step," is far from being an inducement to unite without an express repeal
thereof.
2. As to the inconsistency mentioned in the second article, between our
proposing that all differences should be buried in oblivion, and all names of
distinction abolished, and our insisting that Presbyteries and congregations
should continue as they are, we must remind you that both these particulars
were expressly inserted in our first proposals, which you yourselves concluded
to be pacific ; and we could not have expected that this would now be consid-
ered as a receding further from an union, and from our own proposals in order
thereto. Nor can we yet see that it is an inconsistency in fact, all things con-
sidered. For why might there not be an union of the two Synods, so that
we might all be considered as one body, though Presbyteries and congrega-
tions continue as they are? If it seems a jarring concord, as we proposed it,
it would be more so to force people into it faster than they have clearness to
go. If then, we proposed an union on the best terms and footing that cir-
cumstances would allow, our proposals were most consistent in fact. And
though the " concessions of our delegates, and our former proposals viz. that
congregations as they are at present, should belong to the same Presbyteries
they now do, till a favourable opportunity of an advantageous alteration might
give you ground to apprehend that we would assent to the uniting of Pres-
byteries," yet it could not give ground to apprehend we would do so until
that favourable opportunity presents, which we did not apprehend could be
immediately upon the union of the Synods, much less antecedent thereto.
254 MINUTES OF THE [1753.
So that we have not in the least receded from our former concession in this
point.
3. Our professing that mutual forbearance as to different sentiments respect-
ing the late religious appearances, was our duty, since we all profess the
same confession of faith and directory for worship ; and our desiring and hop-
ing for a joint testimony to the late glorious work of God, are not inconsistent,
inasmuch as the manner in which we have proposed this particular is differ-
ent from that of the others. And though it would be inconsistent with our
former judgment, peremptorily to insist on it as a term of union, yet it's not
inconsistent to speak of it, and desire an agreement about it, and leave room
to make trial how far we could agree therein ; and this was our design in that
particular. And if we could agree to unite in other things, it cannot be denied
but agreement in a matter of that importance would be desirable and worth
attempting. And as we know not but upon friendly conference about it, the
difference perhaps would not be so great as it has seemed, we thought it might
very well be proposed in the manner in which we have done it. At the same
time it is also plain that there is no inconsistency between our present pro-
posal and our declared sentiments, that difference in judgment should not oblige
a dissenting member to withdraw fi'om our communion, unless the matter were
judged by the body to be essential in doctrine or discipline. And this we
must own is an important article with us, which we cannot any way dispense
with ; and it appears to us to be strictly Christian and scriptural, as well as
Presbyterian, otherwise we must make every thing that appears plain duty to
us, a term of communion, which we apprehend the Scripture prohibits. And
it appears plain to us that there may be many opinions relating to the great
truths of religion, that are not great themselves, nor of sufficient importance to
be made terms of communion. Nor can these sentiments "open a door to an
unjustifiable latitude in principles and practices," any more than the apostolic
prohibition of receiving those that are weak to doubtful disputations. What is
plain sin and plain duty in one's account, is not so in another's ; and the Synod
has still in their power to judge what is essential and what is not. In order
to prevent an unjustifiable latitude, we must not make terms of communion
which Christ has not made ; and we are convinced that he hath not made every
truth and every duty a term.
As to the true stating of what we believe to be the glorious work of God's
Spirit in the late religious appearances, that we judged, and do judge, could
properly be done when both Synods came to confer about it. Though our
public prints have not been silent on that head. Nor have we left even " the
more simple and ignorant," who inclined to give heed to us, without the means
of distinguishing between " the work of God's Spirit and their own follies, or
the artifices of Satan. '^ So that if they yet " continue in the mistake/' it is
not of us.
4. As to " the intrusions of disorderly ministers into your congregations,
so that they are rendered incapable to perform their solemn engagements to
their pastors," of which you complain, and also " that no regard was to be
paid to your repeated desires and public votes, that young men should have
certificates from some college," without retorting to the former, we only ob-
serve that these complaints are proper if we are to overhaul old debates, and
come to be judged before you; but permit us to request that they may not
come into pacific proposals; for, as each side pretend to justify themselves in
many things of which the other accuses, such criminations can have no pro-
priety, nor tendency to peace and re-union, but rather to provoke recriminations,
and are but a begging the question, or taking for granted what is in dispute.
We have thought it our duty to avoid them as an incongruity, and inconsistent
with our proposals. If we sincerely seek peace, let us speak and act so as
1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. [ 255
has a tendency to promote it, and none to subvert it. We do not presume
to treat you as criminals on the present footing, and we expect to be treated
as a judicature on equal ground. But were each side candidly disposed to
make the utmost acknowledgments to the other, of past wrongs, which they
possibly could with a clear judgment and conscience, then these things might
properly be pointed out and proposed to consideration, and this might answer
a valuable end.
Ordered, That a copy of the above be sent to the Synod of Philadelphia, at
their next session, by the Synod's stated clerk.
Adjourned till thi-ee o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
•
Three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Motion being made by William McCrea in behalf of the congregation at
Whiteclay Creek, for a copy of the original plan of the constitution of this
Synod, they order the same to be given them by their stated clerk.
The like motion was made by David Chambers in behalf of the new erected
Presbyterian congregation in Philadelphia, which was also granted.
A representation being made to the Synod by Mr. Pemberton, and several
members of the Presbyterian congregation in New York, of the divided state
of said congregation, requesting the assistance of the Synod in their distressed
case, the Synod do appoint Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Davies, Aaron
Burr, Caleb Smith, David Bostwick, Elihu Spencer, Richard Treat, Charles
Beatty, and John Rogers, to be a committee to meet at New York on the
fourth Wednesday of instant October, at ten of the clock, A. M., with full
power and authority to transact such things with respect to said congregation,
as they shall judge necessary for the healing of the divisions of said congrega-
tion, and best interest of religion therein.
It being moved to the Synod, what they judge necessary as to the form or
method to be used in the administration of baptism, the Synod do refer to our
excellent Directory in that case.
It being further moved to the Synod, whether a church session hath power
to introduce a new version of psalms into the congregation to which they belong,
without the consent of the majority of said congregation j it was voted in the
negative, nemine contradiccnte.
A draught of an address from this Synod to the General Assembly of the
Church of Scotland, was brought into the Synod and being read, the Synod
appoint Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Spencer, Allen, and Treat, a committee to
revise said draught and bring it in the next sederunt.
The Synod do also appoint said committee to draw up certificates for Mr.
Tennent and Mr. Davies.
The Synod taking into consideration how to supply Mr. Davics's congrega-
tion during his absence, do appoint Messrs. Blair, Bay, Henry, James Finly,
and Rogers, and the particular seasons of their supplying to be adjusted and
fixed by the Presbytery of New Castle to which they belong, and the Synod
do appoint said Presbytery to supply their respective congregations in their
absence as much as they can. And to assist therein, the Synod do appoint
Mr. Lewis to supply two Sabbaths in Fag's Manner, and one for the Forks of
Brandywine before the next Synod.
The Synod also appoint Mr. Lawrence to supply Mr. Henry's congrega-
tion four Sabbaths, to begin with the third Sabbath in May. They also ap-
point Mr. Allen to supply St. George's four Sabbaths in April, beginning with
the first. 1 1 • I,
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
256 MINUTES OF THE [1753.
6^^ day^ at nine of the clock. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod do recommend it to the several Presbyteries belonging to their
body, to call those sessions to account that do not send elders to attend upon
the Synod* and Presbyteries, and to enjoin these sessions to call those elders to
an account that do not attend upon judicatories, when sent by them.
For the supplying of Mr. Gilbert Tennent's congregation for this year, the
Synod do appoint Mr. Treat to supply four Sabbaths in November, if need
be; Mr. William Tennent the four first Sabbaths in December; Mr. Beatty
the last Sabbath in December and the three first in January; Mr. Charles
Tennent the last Sabbath in January and the three first in February; Mr.
Davenport the last Sabbath in February and the three first in March ; Mr.
Greenman the two last Sabbaths in March ; Mr. Burr the four Sabbaths iu
April ; Mr. Pemberton the four Sabbaths in May ; Mr. Finly the four first
Sabbaths in June ; Mr. Greenman the last Sabbath in June and the first in
July ; Mr. Cummins the three last in July and first in August ; Mr. Kennedy
the three last in August and first in September ; Mr. Spencer the three last in
September and first in October; Mr. Bostwick the four last in October.
The Synod do moreover appoint, that if any of these cannot fulfil said ap-
pointments, the Presbytery to which they belong shall, without fail, send
others in their stead.
The Synod appoint the Presbytery of Suffolk, to supply New York and
Jamaica in the absence of their ministers ; that is to say, New York the whole
of the time, provided they were otherwise totally vacant, and Jamaica the one
half of the time.
The Synod also appoint that Mr. Spencer's congregation be supplied in his
absence, the whole of the time, at the request of his excellency the governor.
And that each Presbytery do, as much as they can, to supply the absence of
their respective members.
The Synod do appoint Mr. Brainerd to supply Hanover, in Virginia, the four
last Sabbaths in March next.
That Mr. Beatty supply three Sabbaths at Fag's Manor and in the Forks
of Brandywine, before next Synod.
Mr. Moffet is appointed to supply Mr. Beatty's congregation those three
Sabbaths, and Mr. Horton is appoidted to inform Mr. 3Ioffet of the same, that
he may seasonably acquaint Mr. Beatty when he can come.
The committee appointed to revise the draught of the address to the General
Assembly, presented the same, which being read was unanimously approved.*
* A copy of the address to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland.
To the very venerable and honourable the moderator and other members of the Gene-
ral Assembly of the Church of Scotland, to meet at Edinburgh, May, 1754. The peti-
tion of the Synod of New York, convened at Philadelphia, October 3, 1753, humbly
showeth:
That a college has been lately erected in the province of New Jersey by his majesty's
royal charter, in which a number of youth has been already educated, who are now the
instruments of service to the church of God ; and which would be far more extensively
beneficial wei-e it brought to maturity. That after all the contributions that have been
made to the said college, or can be raised in these parts, the fund is far from being
sufficient for the erection of proper buildings, supporting the president and tutors, fur-
nishing a library, and defraying other necessary expenses ; that the trustees of said
college, who are zealous and active to promote it for the public good, have already sent
their humble petition to this venerable house for some assistance iu carrying on so im-
portant a design; and also petitioned this Synod to appoint two of their members, the
Rev. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent and Samuel Davies, to undertake a voyage to Europe in
behalf of said college.
Your petitioners, therefore, most heartily concur in the said petition of the trustees to
1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 25T
The same conainittee, according to appointment, produced a certificate for the
the Reverend Assembly, and appoint the said Messrs. Tennent and Davics to be their
commissioners for that purpose.
And as your petitioners apprehend the design of said petition to be of the utmost im-
portance to the interests of learning and religion in this infant country, and are confident
of the zeal of so pious and learned a body as the General Assembly of the Church of
Scotland, to promote such a design ; they beg leave to lay before this venerable house, a,
general representation of the deplorable circumstances of the churches under their iSyuo-
dical care, leaving it to the commissioners to descend to particulars.
In the colonies of New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, Virginia, and
Carolina, a great number of congregations have been formed upon the Presbyterian plan,
which have put themselves under the Synodical care of your petitioners, who conform to
the constitution of the Church of Scotland, and have adopted her standards of doctrine,
worship, and discipline. There are also large settlements lately planted in various
parts, particularly in North and South Carolina, where multitudes are extremely desi-
rous of the ministrations of the gospel ; but they are not yet formed into congregations,
and regularly organized for want of ministers.
These numerous bodies of people, dispersed so wide through so many colonies, have
repeatedly made the most importunate applications to your petitioners, for ministers to
be sent among them ; and your petitioners have exerted themselves to the utmost for
their relief, both by sending their members and candidates to otficiate some time
among them, and using all practicable measures for the education of pious youth for the
ministry.
But alas ! notwithstanding these painful endeavours, your petitioners have been ut-
terly incapable to make sufficient provision for so many shepherdless flocks ; and those
that come hundreds of miles crying to them for some to break the bread of life among
them, are often obliged to return in tears, with little or no relief, by reason of the scar-
city of ministers.
Though every practicable expedient, which the most urgent necessity could suggest,
has been used to prepare labourers for this extensive and growing harvest ; yet the
number of ministers in this Synod is far from being equal to that of the congregations
under their care. Though sundry of them have taken the pastoral charge of two or
three congregations for a time, in order to lessen the number of vacancies ; and though
sundry youth' have lately been licensed, ordained, and settled in congregations, that
were before destitute ; yet there are no less than forty vacant congregations at present
under the care of this Synod, besides many more which are incapable at present to sup-
port ministers ; and the whole colony of North Carolina, where numerous congregations
of Presbyterians are forming, and where there is not one Presbyterian minister settled.
The great number of vacancies in the bounds of this Synod, is owing, partly, to the
new settlements lately made in various parts of this continent, partly to the death of
sundry ministers belonging to this Synod, but principally to the small number of youth
educated for the ministry, so vastly disproportionate to the numerous vacancies ; and
unless some eft'ectual measures can be taken for the education of proper persons for the
sacred character, the churches of Christ in these parts must continue in the most desti-
tute circumstances, wandering shepherdless and forlorn through this wilderness, thou-
sands perishing for lack of knowledge, the children of God hungry and unfed, and the
rising age growing up in a state little better than that of heathenism, with regard to the
public ministrations of the gospel.
The numerous inconveniences of a private, and the many important advantages of a
public education are so evident, that we need not inform this venerable assembly of them,
who cannot but be sensible from happy experience, of the many extensive benefits of
convenient colleges.
The difficulty, (and in some cases impossibility,) of sending youth two, three, four, or
five hundred miles or more, to the colleges in New England, is also evident at first sight.
Now it is from the college of New Jersey only, that we can expect a remedy of these
inconveniences; it is to that your petitioners look for the increase of their number ; it
is on thai the Presbyterian churches, through the six colonies above mentioned, princi-
pally depend for a supply of accomplished ministers; from thai has been obtained consi-
derable relief already, notwithstanding the many disadvantages that unavoidably atteud
it in its present infant state; and from that may be expected a sufficient supply when
brought to maturity. , ,
Your petitioners, therefore, most earnestly pray, that this very reverend Assembly
would aiiord the said college all the countenance and assistance in their power. iUe
young daughter of the Church of Scotland, helpless and exposed in this loreigu land,
33
258 MINUTES OF THE [1754.
Rev. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent and Samuel Davies, which being read was unani-
mously approved.*
Upon a representation made to the Synod, of the illegal restraints the Pro-
testant dissenters lie under in Virginia, as to their religious liberties, Messrs.
James Davenport and John Rogers, were appointed to draw up a recommenda-
tion of the affair, and a certificate for Messrs. Samuel Davies and John Todd,
members of our body living in that colony, which being done was read and
approved."}"
Adjourned to Thursday the day after the commencement next September, and
then to meet at Newark. Concluded with prayer.
1754.
The Synod met according to adjournment.
Neioark, September 26Qtli dai/j the Committee met according to adjournment. Uhi post preccs
sederunt
''The committee proceeded to a long deliberation on the affair of Mr. Bost-
wick's removal.
" Eodem Die, seven of the clock, P. 31.
" Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, James McCrea, Charles Beatty,
Andrew Hunter, and John Rogers, came, being prevented attending the prece-
ding sedcrunts by the tempestuousness of the weather.
" The affair of Mr. Bostwick's removal from Jamaica to New York reconsid-
272 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
ered ; and after miicli consultation, concluded to defer the further consideratiou
of it till to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock ; to which time the committee
is adjourned. Concluded with prayer.
" Slst dra/, the Committee met according to adjournment. Uhl post preces
sederunt.
" The affair of Mr. Bostwick's removal, &c. reassumed.
" The committee not having sufficient light to come to a full determination of
that affair at this time, conclude that it be referred to the standing commission
of the Synod of New York, to be convened by the moderator, at Princeton, on
the second AVednesday of April next, at eleven of the clock, A. M. ; and that
Mr. Bostwick be appointed to supply at New York, the whole months of De-
cember and January, and the two first Sabbaths of February next ; and that
the Presbytery of New York provide a constant supply for Jamaica, during Mr.
Bostwick's absence. And this committee recommends it to the people of Jar
maica, to make the necessary winter provisions for Mr. Bostwick's family as
usual. Concluded with prayer."
The commission of the Synod made report to the Synod, that they met on the
affair of Mr. Bostwick's removal, referred unto them by the committee. The
minutes of their proceedings are as follows :
" The commission of the Synod of New York regularly called, met at
" Princetoion, April 14, 1756.
" Present : Messrs. the moderator, Aaron Burr, John Pierson, William Ten-
nent, Richard Treat, James Davenport, John Rogers, Azariah Horton.
"Absent: Messrs. Elihu Spencer, David Bostwick, Gilbert Tennent, Charles
Tennent, Ebenezer Prime, James Brown, Samuel Fiuly.
'•'Correspondents: Messrs. Timothy Jones, Timothy Allen, Charles Mc-
Knight, John Brainerd, Charles Beatty, Daniel Lawrence, Caleb Smith.
" Post p7y'ces sederunt.
" Mr. Caleb Smith was chosen clerk.
" The commission was opened by a sermon preached by the moderator from
John xviii. 36.
" The Rev. Mr. Johannes Light, a minister of the Reformed Dutch Church,
was desired to sit as correspondent.
"The affair of Mr. Bostwick's removal from Jamaica to New York, was
brought before the commission by a letter from the elders and deacons of the
Presbyterian congregation in New York, representing their continued unan-
imity for Mr. Bostwick, and that the reasons for his removal to them are very-
much strengthened and increased by his labours among them the last winter,
which appeared more fully by their commissioners, who were sent for that
purpose. The moderator also reported to the commission, that he had acci-
dentally left at home a letter he had received from ]Mr. Bostwick, representing
his low state of health, and fear that he could not attend the commission, and
in case he did not, that he would acquiesce in their judgment about his removal
to New York.
" The commission having read the papers containing a representation of the
state of the Presbyterian congregation at Jamaica, and their reasons against
Mr. Bostwick's removal ; after much deliberate consideration of the import-
ant affiiir, and earnest prayer to God for direction in it, adjourned the further
consideration of it till to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock. Concluded
with prayer.
1756.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 273
" Ibth dai/, at eight of the dock, A. M., the commission met. Post jpreces
sederunt qui supra.
"The Rev. Mr. David Cowell, was desired to sit as correspondent.
" The afiair of Mr. Bostwick's removal reassumed. The commission having
weighed the reasons for and against it with deep concern and great delibera-
tion, considering the peculiar cii'cumstances and great importance of New York
congregation, how long they have been destitute ; how many fruitless attempts
have been made to resettle the gospel among them ; the little hopes of their
being so well united in any other person; and especially the desii'able prospect
that appears of Mr. Bostwick's great usefulness in that place; cannot but
judge it to be his duty to remove ; and his pastoral relation to the church and
congregation at Jamaica is dissolved for that purpose. But as the commission
have a tender concern for the congregation of Jamaica, a great sense of their
importance, and how their case calls for special regard, they desire the modera-
tor, in his journey to Boston, to look out for a candidate to be sent among them,
and appoint the said moderator to supply them one Sabbath on his return ; and
Messrs. Simon Horton, Ebenezer Prime, and Benjamin Talmage, are appointed
to supply at Jamaica the three Sabbaths immediately succeeding Mr. Bostwick's
departure, of which Mr. Bostwick is appointed to give them notice. And the
Pesbyteries of New York and Suffolk are ordered to take special care that they
be constantly supplied till next Synod. The commission also considering, that
the congregation of Jamaica will necessarily be put to charge in obtaining a
resettlement of the gospel ministry, do earnestly recommend it to the Presby-
terian church in New York, to exercise a Christian generosity toward the peo-
ple of Jamaica, that they may be better enabled to settle another minister.
'■' Mr. Beatty representing to the commission, that a motion had been lately
made to him by the government of Pennsylvania, to go out as chaplain with
their forces upon the frontiers, desired that some provision might be made for
the supply of his pulpit. The commission accordingly appointed Abington
Presbytery to supply four Sabbaths ; the Presbytery of ^QVi York three Sab-
baths ; the Presbytery of New Brunswick four Sabbaths ; and the Presbytery
of New Castle five Sabbaths. Concluded with prayer."
The appointment of last Synod, for a day to be religiously observed as a
day of fasting or thanksgiving, was complied with.
A letter from the Synod of Philadelphia, in answer to one sent them from
this Synod the last year, was read ; the further consideration of it was deferred
to the next sederunt. [See page 222.]
Upon application made to this Synod, they agreed to allow the interest of
the money under their direction for the progagation of the gospel among the
Indians, unto Mr. Brainerd, a missionary to the Indians, in order to assist him
in labouring among them for this year.
The order of the last Synod respecting a fund for ministers' widows and or-
phans, came under consideration, but seeing no plans for that purpose have yet
been obtained, the Synod do defer any further proceedings in that affair till the
next meeting.
Ordered, That the committee of overtures meet to-morrow morning at eight
of the clock.
Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
October 1st, at nine of the clock, A. M. Post jpreces sederunt qui srq)ra.
The New Y^'ork Presbytery book was revised and approved.
The consideration of the letter from the Synod of Philadelphia deferred till
the next sederunt.
35
274 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
IMr. Caleb Smith is come to the Synod, whose absence yesterday was occa-
sioned by sickness.
A paper was brought into the Synod from several persons belonging to the
Presbyterian congregation of New York, setting forth some grievances they
suppose themselves to labour under, &c. The Synod having heard said paper
read, and what their commissioner offered to them, do refer it to Messrs. John
Blair, Samuel Finly, Timothy Allen, and Caleb Smith, to draw up the judg-
ment of the Synod thereupon, and bring it in as soon as they can.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the cloch, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery book of Abington was revised and approved.
An affair was brought into the Synod by way of reference from the Presby-
tery of New Brunswick, in relation to Mr. McCrea's accepting the call from
the congregation of Bedminster and parts adjacent, with whom he has laboured
for several years past, but last fall, liberated from them by his Presbytery, by
reason of some dissatisfactions in the congregation : the Sypod, after having
read divers papers and heard what all concerned had to offer on the head, came
to the following conclusion, that is to say, that inasmuch as by far the greatest
part of the congregation are united in their desires for his settlement with them,
and it is likely to be for the hurt of the congregation, as well as of Mr. McCrea
and his family, if he should remove from them ; the Synod judge that Mr.
McCrea have liberty to accept of the call of said people if he see fit. But in case
Mr. McCrea shall accept the call of said people, the Synod see no reason for the
minor part of said congregation to be set off from the congregation and have sup-
plies for themselves, or be refunded any part of the money they have expended
in building their meeting-house, as they in their paper proposed to the Synod.
Several supplications for supplies from vacancies in North and South Caro-
lina, and Bladensburg in Maryland, were read, the consideration of which was
referred to the next sedemnt.
The Synod agree that an address be prepared and presented to Lord Lowden,
commander in chief of all his majesty's forces in North America, and they do
appoint Messrs. Aaron Burr, Elihu Spencer, David Bostwick, and Caleb Smith,
or some one of them, to prepare and present it in the name of this Synod on
the first proper opportunity.
The Synod agreed to desire Mr. Burr to favour them with a copy of his ser-
mon preached before them at the opening of their session, in order to have it
printed, they apprehending the publication of said sermon may be of good ser-
vice at this season.
The committee appointed to draw up the judgment of the Synod on the affair
of New York, brought in the same, which after much consideration and some
amendments, was unanimously approved and is as follows :
A paper was presented to the Synod signed by several members of the Pres-
byterian congregation of New York, which the Synod observe contains insult-
ing and even threatening expressions, and insinuations of partiality and dis-
honesty, together with several demands proposed in a very disrespectful man-
ner, and with an air of contempt. As this conduct in professors of religion to-
wards a judicature of Jesus Christ is insufferably arrogant, presumptuous, and
of evil tendency, and contrary to the commands of our Lord, who has ordered us
to suffer no man to despise us acting properly in our own office, we judge it highly
censurable. And though we might justly refuse to take any further notice of
what is offered in said paper, yet as we would condescend to the weakness,
and as far as can consist with duty, bear with the imperfections of those who
are under our care, for the sake of their cdificatiou, we therefore inform them
1756.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 275
that by adopting the Westminster Confession, we only intend receiving it as
a test of orthodoxy in this church ; and it is the order of this Synod, that all
who are licensed to preach the gospel, or become members of any Presbytery
in our bounds, shall receive the same as the confession of their faith, according
to our constituting act, which we see no reason to repeal.
That as to the singing of Dr. Watts's version of the Psalms, though the
conduct of the congregation in their adhering to them, contrary to Synodical
appointment, without waiting for an opportunity to obtain a repeal of said ap-
pointment, was not regular ; yet as the said Psalms are orthodox, and no par-
ticular version is of Divine authority, and that the using them is earnestly de-
sired by a great majority of said congregation, contrary to the view we had of
the case the last year, the Synod, for the sake of their peace, do permit the use
of said version unto them : and determine that this judgment shall be finally
decisive as to this afiair.
That they, who obstinately refuse to pay their pew rents, are to be esteemed
as not walking orderly, and do in fact forfeit their pews, nor is it an injury
done them by the congregation, if they are deprived of them.
As to reading in the desk, the Synod consider it as a mere indifferency in
itself; and as the congregation has long used this practice, which is not con-
trary to any Divine rule, or constitution of this church, there appears no neces-
sity of altering it by authority.
The other pfirticulars proposed in said paper, being already determined by
the Synod in former sessions, we adhere to those determinations.
Adjourned to eight of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2d day, at eight of the cloch, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui svpra.
Abington Presbytery book was revised, and is approved.
The letter from the Philadelphia Synod came under consideration, with
respect to which the Synod came to the following agreement, viz.
That notwithstanding the Synod of Philadelphia have not given a satisfac-
tory answer to the particulars contained in our letter, which were judged ne-
cessary to be settled previous to an union ; the Synod, from an earnest desire
of an hearty and lasting union, do comply with their proposal of a mutual con-
ference, and accordingly appoint Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent,
Aaron Burr, James Davenport, Richard Treat, Samuel Finly, John Blair,
Caleb Smith, Ebenezer Prime, James Brown, to be a committee to meet with
the commission of the Synod of Philadelphia, at Trenton, the second Wednes-
day in May next, to fix upon a proper plan of union, to be laid before each
Synod at their next meeting.
Application was made to the Synod by IMr. Beatty, desiring to know their
mind with respect to his going chaplain to the forces that may be raised in the
province of Pennsylvania, if he shall, by the government, be called to that ser-
vice. The Synod do judge it to be his duty, and in that case do appoint their
several Presbyteries to provide supplies for Mr. Beatty's congregation, three
Sabbaths in four he shall be absent from them ; particularly the Presbytery of
Abington, three Sabbaths ; the Presbytery of New Brunswick, three Sabbaths ;
the Presbytery of New York, three Sabbaths ; and the Presbytery of New
Castle, three Sabbaths ; and in case these shall not suffice, the said Presbyteries
shall provide further supplies in like proportion until his return.
The Synod considering what asssitance can be afforded by way of supply
to the several vacancies to the southward that have applied to them, do appoint
Mr. Duffield and Mr. Ramsey to go this fall as soon as they can; and likewise
Mr. Brainerd and Mr. Rodgers before winter ; Mr. Hait and Mr. Whitaker in
the spring, and to spend each four months in their journey, and supply all
those destitute congregations as much as they can.
276 MINUTES OF THE [1756.
Ordered, That certificates be given to Mr. Brainerd and Mr. Kogers by the
Synod.
Ordered, That Mr. Samuel Finly do sign proper certificates for Messrs.
Whitaker, Hait, Duffield, and Ramsey, in the name of the Synod.
The Synod does appoint Mr. Blair to supply Mr. Ramsey's pulpit three Sab-
baths in his absence.
Mr. Brainerd reported that he had received of collections for New Jersey
College :
Of Mr. Rogers, £8 lis. 6d. ; Mr. Lawrence, £5 ; Mr. Hunter, £4 19s. 6c?.
£18 lis. Provincial currency.
Which Mr. Brainerd is ordered to pay to the college treasurer.
The Synod, under a sense of the present distressed and calamitous state of
the country, do agree that they will recommend to all their congregations to
unite in observing the last Thursday of October instant, as a day of public
humiliation, fasting, and prayer.
The Synod propose further to recommend to their congregations to spend
part of the last Thursday of every month in extraordinary prayer, while the
present mournful state of our public affairs continues.
And they do further most earnestly recommend it to all their members, pre-
sent and absent, to exert themselves in an extraordinary manner, in their
several spheres of influence, for a general and thorough reformation of those
crying abominations which seem most evidently to have kindled the anger of
heaven against this land.
And that they would, in their public performances, frequently explain, and
warmly press on their hearers the necessity of such a reformation in this day.
The Synod taking into serious consideration the dangerous situation of the
public at this juncture, by means of a potent, pi-evailing, and cruel enemy ;
the divided state of these colonies; the abounding of profanity, luxury, infi-
delity, error, and ignorance; the evident suspension of spiritual influences
from the Church, which is followed with an evident insensibility under the
judgments as well as ordinances of God; together with other awful aspects of
Divine Providence ; cannot but view them as plain demonstrations of his dis-
pleasure. We have been warned and chastised, first more gently, then more
terribly ; but not returning to him that smites us, his anger is not turned away,
but his hand is stretched out still. Judgment yet proceeds, the prospect be-
comes darker and darker, and all things respecting us are loudly alarming.
When God judges he will overcome ; none have ever hardened themselves
against him and prospered. Nothing but impiety rouses his vengeance, and
nothing but repentance towards him, and faith towards our Lord Jesus Christ,
can turn it away. We have not so much as the least reason to expect deliver-
ance and safety in a way of impenitent sinning; for we are assured, if we
walk contrary to our God, he will walk contrary to us, and will punish us yet
seven times more for our iniquity. And as we judge that extraordinary dis-
tresses are calls to extraordinary humiliation and acts of devotion, so we look
on ourselves bound, not only as members of the community, but by the duty
of our office, as those who are entrusted with the declaration of God's re-
vealed will, to warn all who will attend unto us, and earnestly exhort them to
prostrate themselves before his offended majesty, in the humblest manner ; to
deprecate his righteous displeasure ; implore his mercy for themselves, their
children, country, and nation, their and our rightful and gracious sovereign
King George the second, his royal family, all oflicers civil and military, and
the whole Church of God; and solemnly endeavour sincere and thorough re-
formation. For this purpose the Synod agree to recommend the last Thurs-
day of this instant, to be observed as a day of public fasting and prayer, in all
the congregations under our care. We also recommend to all the members of
1757.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 277
our body, that they exert themselves in promoting a reformation from those
evils which have evidently kindled the anger of heaven against this land ; and
that they would frequently urge the necessity of such a reformation in this
day.
Signed in the name of the Synod,
RiCHAED Treat, Synod clerk.
The Synod order their clerk to transcribe out of the Synod book such of
their minutes as relate to the Presbyterian congregation in New York, and
send them to Mr. Burr as soon as may be, in order to be transmitted to Scot-
land if need shall require.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, and then to meet at New
York ; when, for many reasons, the Synod desires that their meeting may be
as full as possible ; and should the small-pox be in New York at that time,
the moderator is empowered to appoint it at any other place he shall judge
proper, giving due notice. Concluded with prayer.
1757.
The Synod met at Maidenhead, according to appointment.
3Iay \^th, 1757. U bi post preces sederunt
Minister of Suffolk Presbytery : Mr. Ebenezer Prime.
Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Aaron Burr, David Bostwick,
Azariah Horton, Nathaniel Whitaker, Timothy Jones.
Ministers of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Thomas
Lewis, James McCrea, Charles McKnight, Samuel Kennedy, Israel Read,
Samuel Harker, Benjamin Hait.
Ministers of Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Richard Treat, Charles Beatty,
Benjamin Chesnut, Henry Marten, Daniel Lawrence, Andrew Hunter, Wil-
liam Ramsey.
Ministers of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. John Rodgers, Robert Smith,
Hugh Henry, James Finley, Samuel Finley, George Duflfield.
Elders : Jacob Ford, David Harriot, William Lynn, Stephen Pangburn,
Abraham Larew, Robert Armer, John Charlesworth, Robert Evans, Joseph
Peck, James Evans.
Ministers absent, Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Bewel, James Brown,
Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Silvanus White, Benjamin Talmage, Abner
Reeves.
New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Simon Horton, John Brainerd,
Timothy Allen, John Smith, Jacob Green, Elihu Spencer, Daniel Thane, Aaron
Richards, Enos Ayres, Chancey Graham, John Moffett, Jonathan Elmore,
Hugh Knox, John Maltby, Caleb Smith, Alexander Gumming.
New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. James Davenport, Job Prudden,
Conradus Worts.
Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Nehemiah Greenman.
New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. John Blair, Charles Tennent, James Camp-
bell, John Roan, Andrew Bay, John Hogg, Andrew Stirling, Moses Tuttle,
John Harris, Hugh McAdams.
Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Davies, Alexander Craighead, Robert
Henry, John Brown, John Todd, John Wright.
Ministers in all, present and absent, seventy-three.
Mr. Bostwick was chosen moderator for the year ensuing, Mr. Treat clerk.
The small-pox being in New York, the appointed place of this present
278 MINUTES OF THE [1757.
meeting, the moderator appointed tlie Synod to meet in this place pursuant to
the powers committed to him by the last Synod.
Messrs. Read, Harker, Chesnut, Robert Smith, James Finley, and Hugh
Henry, gave the reasons of their absence the last Synod, which were sus-
tained.
Messrs. John Pierson, Aaron Burr, Elihu Spencer, Ebenezer Prime, James
Brown, William Tennent, James Davenport, Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat,
Charles Tennent, Samuel Finley, John Rodgers, and the moderator, are appointed
to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
There being only one Presbytery book brought, the Synod made no ap-
pointment for the revising the same, but order that all of them be brought the
next meeting.
Messrs. Beatty, Rogers, James Finly, and the moderator, are appointed to
be a committee of overtures, and for any other business the Synod shall recom-
mend unto them.
Such members as have complied with the Synod's order for getting coUec- '
tions for the college, are ordered to pay the same to the president.
The order of the last Synod respecting the getting of proper receipts or cer-
tificates from the president of New Jersey college, for money deposited in the
treasury of said college under the direction of this Synod, not being fulfilled,
the Synod appoint Mr. William Tennent to do the same and have it ready
against the next meeting.
The committee appointed to meet for the examination of such candidates as
should ofier themselves, to share in such money as the Synod hath to dispose
of for the education of sound, pious, and promising students, at the college of
New Jersey, do make report, that they met, and having laid before the Synod
the minutes of their proceedings, they are approved and ordered to be recorded
as follows :
"Princeton, Nbvemher 23, 1756.
" The committee of the Synod of New York met, according to appointment,
and opened by prayer.
" Present : Messrs. President Burr, William Tennent, Richard Treat, James
Davenport, Charles McKnight, Benjamin Halt.
" Mr. Tennent moderator, Mr. Treat clerk.
" The committee proceeded to the business assigned them by the Synod.
" John Strain and John Carmikle ofiered themselves for examination as can-
didates to receive assistance from the fund designed for the support of such
pious youths as are of Calvinistic principles, and are unable to support them-
selves, at the college of New Jersey. The committee, upon particular exami-
nation, concluded they were persons of such character as were to be encouraged
and assisted, and therefore agreed to allow unto John Strain the sum of twenty-
four pounds, to John Carmikle the sum of twelve pounds, for this year. Con-
cluded with prayer."
The Synod do appoint the aforesaid committee to stand for this year also,
and to meet at Princeton the last Wednesday of July next for the same
purpose.
The Synod do agree to allow Mr. Brainerd, a missionary to the Indians, the
interest of the money under their direction for the propagation of the gospel
among the Indians for the next year, in case the correspondents shall continue
him in the mission.
The affair of getting a fund for the support of ministers' widows and orphans,
referred to this Synod, came under consideration, but for want of proper plans
they could not proceed in it, and do appoint Messrs. Bostwick, Green, Jones,
1757.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 279
Spencer, and Caleb Smith, to prepare a plan to be laid before the next
Synod.
The order of the last Synod, for an address to be presented to Lord Lowden,
for want of a proper opportunity, was not complied with.
The appointments to the southward for supplies were not fulfilled, a d upon
proper inquiry the reasons offered for the omission were sustained. And in
order to supply said southward vacancies, the Synod does appoint ]Mr. Hait to
take a journey thither as soon as his aifairs will permit, and spend four months
among them. The Synod docs also recommend it to the Presbytery of
New Castle to send another. The Synod also appoints the Presbytery of
Hanover to spend one with Mr. Hait when he shall come to them. They do
also appoint Mr. Samuel Finly to give them certificates in the name of the
Synod.
The committee of overtures appointed to meet at nine of the clock, to-morrow
Inorning.
The Synod adjourned to half an hour after nine. Concluded with prayer.
Idth day^ half after nine of the clock, A. M. Post jpreces sederunt qui
supra.
The committee appointed to meet with the commission of the Synod of
Philadelphia to confer about the union, do make report, that they met accord-
ing to appointment; that they found the commissioners of the Philadelphia
Synod well disposed towards an union ; that they declared for themselves,
and doubted not but their Synod would also readily declare, that they do not
look upon the protest as the act of their body nor adopt it as such, and that
there appeared also to be an agreement on both sides concerning the nature and
right of protesting, and other things formerly proposed as necessary to an union.
And it was further agreed on by the commissioners on both sides, that they
would propose to their respective Synods, to have their next meeting at the
game time and place, in order to unite, in case matters shall appear at that time
ripe for it.
The Synod taking into consideration the report of their committee, are
pleased to find so desirable a prospect of an union, and do agree that their next
meeting be in Philadelphia at the time of the meeting of the Synod of Phila-
delphia, and propose that the commission of each Synod meet at Philadelphia
on the Monday next before the said meeting, at ten of the clock, in order to
prepare matters for both Synods and their happy union. And they do appoint,
that this agreement and proposal be communicated to the Synod of Philadel-
phia for their concurrence.
The Synod does also appoint Messrs. Samuel and James Finley, John Blair,
Robert Smith, and John Rodgers, to prepare a plan as the ground of the afore-
said union, and bring it into the commission at their meeting.
An affair was overtured to the Synod by the committee of overtures, setting
forth that some members of the congregation of Bedminster, under the minis-
terial charge of Mr. McCrea, requested the Synod to re-hear their case which
was determined at their last meeting, alleging in support of their request that
they did not offer what they might have done at the time of trial, and especially
with respect to Mr. McCrea, and which they suppose, if it had been done and
considered by the Synod, might have given them another view of things, and
produced a different judgment in said affair.
The Synod, upon consideration of the affair, and what was at this time laid
before them, do judge, that there is not sufficient reason offered them to re-hear
said case, nor does the Synod suppose said people have sufficient reason to com-
plain of the former judgments of Presbytery and Synod, as injurious to them,
280 MINUTES OF THE [1758.
seeing they only were in fault in not giving all the light they could when it was
the proper season for it, and they were by no means on the part of the Synod
prevented thereof; nevertheless, as the Synod would not improve the mistakes
or omissions of any people against them, they refer said people to their own
Presbytery to judge their cause, and to right them if they find them injured by
any former judgment, and in particular to' hear and judge of such articles as
they have to exhibit against Mr. McCrea, in case he be seasonably notified of
them, and to grant them supplies of preaching, if regular application be made,
and the Presbytery judge it to be proper.
The Synod considering the present posture of public affairs, do judge they
loudly call for humiliation and prayer, and do, therefore, recommend to all their
members and congregations, to keep the fourth Thursday of June next as a day
of humiliation, fasting and prayer.
Application having been made to the Synod, by a commissioner from the con-
gregation of Newark, for some supplies in their destitute condition, the Synod
does appoint Mr. Treat to supply them three Sabbaths in June, and as much
more as he can.
The Synod does appoint the Presbytery of New York to supply Mr. Halt's
congregation five Sabbaths, in case he fulfils his appointment to the southward.
Adjourned to the fourth Thursday of May next, to meet at Philadelphia at
ten of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
1758.
The Synod met according to appointment.
Philadelphia, May the 25th, 1758. UM post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. David Bostwick, Azariah Horton, Nathaniel Whitaker,
Daniel Thane, Aaron Ptichards, Caleb Smith, Abraham Kettletas, "William Ten-
nent, Thomas Lewis, Charles McKnight, Samuel Kennedy, Benjamin Halt,
Gilbert Tennent, llichard Treat, Charles Beatty, Benjamin Chesnut, Henry
Marten, Daniel Lawrence, Andrew Hunter, Nehemiah Greenman, William
Ramsey, John Rodgers, Robert Smith, Samuel Finley, James Finley, George
Dufiield, John Blair, Charles Tennent, John Roan, Moses Tuttle, John Harris,
Samuel Davies. — 32.
Elders : Messrs. Nathaniel Silsby, Job Brown, David Rhea, Robert Newil,
"William Norcross, Joshua Thomas, Jonathan Holmes, Henry Pierson, Thomas
Brown, John Vandyke, Thomas Flemins, James Evans, James Cochran, Wil-
liam McCrea, William Craighead, Hugh Hamilton, Brice Ricky, Francis Alex-
ander.— 13.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Bewel, James Brown,
Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Silvanus White, Benjamin Talmage, Abner
Reeves, Timothy Jones, John Pierson, Simon Horton, John Brainerd, Timothy
Allen, John Smith, Jacob Green, Elihu Spencer, Enos Ayres, Chauncy Gra-
ham, John Moffet, Jonathan Elmore, Hugh Knox, John Maltbie, Alexander
Cummins, James McCrea, Israel Read, Samuel Harker, Job Prudden, Conra-
dus Worts, Hugh Henry, James Campbel, Andrew Bay, John Hogg, Andrew
Sterling, Hugh McAdam, Alexander Craighead, Robert Henry, James Brown,
John Todd, John Wright, John Marten. — 40 absent, 32 present, in all 72.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 2 Cor. iv. 5, by Mr. Bostwick, the
last year's moderator.
Mr. Davies was chosen moderator, Mr. Rogers clerk.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1758.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 281
Three of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Samuel Kennedy and James Finley are now. come, with their elders,
Brice Rickey and Francis Alexander.
Messrs. Thane, Caleb Smith, Richards, Gilbert Tennent, Greenman, Blair,
Charles Tennent, Roan, Tuttle, Harris, and the moderator, gave reasons for
their absence the last Synod, which were sustained.
Mr. Pierson sent reasons for his present absence, which are sustained.
The Rev. Aaron Burr and James Davenport are removed by death since our
last Synod.
Mr. James Campbell is removed out of the bounds of our Synod, since the
last meeting.
Messrs. John Pierson, Azariah Horton, David Bostwick, Caleb Smith,
Ebenezer Prime, James Brown, William Tennent, Charles McKuight, Thomas
Lewis, Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, Charles Beatty, Charles Tennent,
Samuel Finley, John Blair, John Rogers, John Todd, and the moderator, are
appointed a commission of the Synod for the year ensuing.
Inasmuch as the moderator lives at so great a distance, and cannot call the
commission for the ensuing year, should there be need for it, Mr. Gilbert Ten-
nent is appointed as modei'ator for this purpose.
Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Samuel Finly, John Blair,
Richard Treat, and the moderator, are appointed a committee of overtures, to
meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morning.
The Presbytery books of New York, New Castle, and New Brunswick,
are brought. Messrs. Caleb Smith and Horton are appointed to revise the
Presbytery book of New Brunswick ; Messrs. Robert Smith and Roan to revise
that of New York ; and Messrs. Bostwick and Halt that of New Castle.
The order of the last Synod, respecting the money under the direction of
this Synod, in the treasury of New Jersey College, not being complied with,
the said order continued.
The Synod does moreover appoint Messrs. Samuel Kennedy, Benjamin Hait,
and Abraham Kettletas, or any two of them, to be a committee to meet with
the committee of the trustees of the college, to settle the accounts of the money
which is in their treasury, at the direction of this Synod, and make report
thereof at our next meeting.
The Synod does also appoint that the receipts for said money to be taken
in their name and behalf, be given to the gentlemen above mentioned, and
that the time of their meeting be at the examination at Nassau Hall, the last
Wednesday of July.
The committee appointed by the last Synod for the examining the subjects
that offer for the donations at the direction of this Synod, make report that
they met, according to appointment. The minutes of their doings are as
follows :
" Princetown, July 29, 1757.
" The committee appointed by the Synod for the examination of candidates
for the fund designed for the support of pious youth at the New Jersey College,
met according to appointment. Present, Messrs. Aaron Burr, William Ten-
nent, and Richard Treat.
"The committee having received satisfaction as to the piety of Curtise
and James Leslie, and the desirable prospect of their usefulness, conclude to
allow, out of said fund, to Curtise, ten pounds ten shillings, and to Leslie, thir-
teen pounds, which the president is ordered to pay them, and charge the same
to account of said fund,
36
282 MINUTES OF THE [1758.
" Mr. William Tennent is appointed to inquire whether said sums have been
paid, and if not, to draw on the treasurer for them.
" Ordered, That Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Richard Treat,
Caleb Smith, Alexander Cummins, Charles McKuight, and Benjamin Halt, be
a committee for examining such youth as may offer themselves for the benefit
of the above donation, and dispose the same for one year to such, and in such
proportions as they shall judge best and meet, at the time of examination above
mentioned."
Upon application made, the Synod agree to allow Mr. William Tennent
twenty pounds out of the Indian fund for payment of a schoolmaster among
them, and other contingent expenses relating to the school.
The committee appointed for drawing up a plan for the widows' fund,
have not complied therewith ; their reasons were sustained. This affair further
deferred.
Mr. Halt has not complied with the appointment of our last, in going to the
southward ; his reasons are sustained.
The Presbytery of New Castle have not complied with the appointment in
sending one of their number to the southward colonies ; their reasons are sus-
tained.
Adjourned to nine of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
2Qth day, at nine of the dock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Brunswick Presbytery book revised, brought in, and approved.
The appointment of a day of fasting and prayer by our last Synod was com-
plied with.
David Rhea, Mr. William Tennent's elder, has leave to go home.
The committee appointed by the last Synod, for preparing a plan of union,
fulfilled said appointment; which plan was brought into the commission of
this Synod according to order, read, and considered. A mutual and friendly
conference between the commission of both Synods was held, in which a com-
mittee of both commissions was agreed upon, and appointed to meet and pre-
pare a plan, to be laid before both Synods, which being done, was brought into
this Synod and read.
While the said plan was under consideration, a message was sent from the
Synod of Philadelphia, by the Rev. Mr. McDowell, desiring the aforesaid
committee might be appointed to meet again, to confer about any alterations
that may be proposed by either Synod, in the plan aforesaid, which motion
was readily complied with, and the Rev. Messrs. Samuel Finley, John Blair,
David Bostwick, and the moderator, who were the committee of the commis-
sion aforesaid, were appointed for this purpose.
" Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three of the clock, P. M. Post jJreces sederunt qui supra.
The New Castle Presbytery book revised, brought in, and approved.
The New York Presbytery book revised, brought in, and approved, ex-
cept a paragraph in page 149, in which the Synod has not light to determine.
Application having been made to Mr. Beatty, by Colonel Armstrong, to
serve as chaplain to the first battalion of the Pennsylvania provincials for the
ensuing campnign, he requested the advice and judgment of this Synod, with
respect to his duty therein. The Synod do unanimously agree that it is his
duty to go.
Mr. Caleb Smith, and his elder, had leave to go home.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
1758.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. ogg
Tlth day, at nine of the dock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Thomas Slemins, Mr. Robert Smith's elder, has leave to go home. As, like-
wise, has William McCrea, Mr. Charles Tennent's elder.
A petition was brought in, from the Society for managing the Indian Mission
in Virginia, requesting that the interest of the money under the direction of
this Synod, for the j^ropagating the gospel among the Indians, may be allowed
them for one year. The Synod, though sincerely disposed to do every thing in
their power to favour that pious mission, yet as the interest of that money is
already disposed of, they cannot comply with the aforesaid request.
A supplication was brought in from Itico, Enno, and the Haw fields in North
Carolina, for supplies, and for a candidate to be sent among them in order for
settlement.
As several of our members are to be absent from their respective congrega-
tions this summer, on public affairs, which this Synod approve of, the Synod
took into consideration how to supply said congregations. And for supplies
for Mr. Beatty's congregation, the Synod does appoint Mr. Thane the last Sab-
bath in June, and the first in July ; Mr. Lawrence the second and third Sab-
baths of July ; Mr. Hunter the last in July and first in August ; Mr. Rogers
the third and fourth Sabbaths in August; Mr. Ramsey the second, third, and
fourth Sabbaths of September; Mr. Thane the first and second Sabbaths of
October ; that Mr. Marten and Mr. Chesuutt each supply two Sabbaths at the
times wherein none is provided.
The Synod does also appoint Mr. Greenman to supply one Sabbath for Mr.
Hunter, and another for Mr. Ramsey, during their supplying for Mr. Beatty.
The Synod does appoint the Presbytery of New York to supply Newark the
whole of the time during Mr. Brainerd's absence from them.
And in case Mr. Spencer shall go out as chaplain with the New York forces,
the Synod appoints Mr. Simon Horton to supply Jamaica congregation three
Sabbaths, and Mr. John Smith two Sabbaths, and that the Presbytery of Suf-
folk supply seven-eighths of the remaining time of his absence.
That since Mr. Caleb Smith is to be absent from his congregation three-
fourths of his time for this summer, in the service of the College of New Jer-
sey, the Synod does appoint the Presbytery of New Brunswick to assist to their
utmost in supplying his congregation.
Adjourned to ten of the clock on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
29^/t dai/, at ten of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod appoints the Presbytery of New Brunswick to send a candidate
to Itico, Enno, and the Haw fields, if possible, before the next Synod.
It is also earnestly recommended to the Presbytery of Suffolk, to send Mr.
Brush to those important vacancies as soon as possible ; and Mr. Bostwick is
appointed to inform them of the same.
Upon application made by two members of the Society in Virginia for man-
aging the Indian Mission, setting forth the desirableness and advantage of a
correspondence between this Synod and said society, Mr. Gilbert Tennent is
appointed on the part of this Synod, to correspond with the secretary of said
society in case there shall be occasion for it.
A reference was brought into the Synod from the New Brunswick Presby-
tery, respecting Mr. Samuel Harker, one of their members, as having imbibed
and vented certain erroneous doctrines; the further consideration of this affair
deferred till the next sederunt.
Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
284 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK. [1758.
Three of the doch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The aiFair of ]\Ir. Harker reassumed. The Synod, after serious considera-
tion had, do agree that, inasmuch as Mr. Harker is absent they cannot proceed
to a regular determination of said affair, and do therefore appoint Messrs. Gil-
bert Tennent, Eichard Treat, Samuel Finley, and John Blair, to deal with him
as they shall have opportunity, in such manner as shall appear to them best
adapted for his conviction; and refer the further determination to the next
Synod if there shall be need ; and in the mean time, the Synod does re-
commend it to the Presbytery of New Brunswick to take such measures as
they shall judge best to prevent the spread and hurtful influence of those
errors.
The Synod having seriously and maturely considered the plan of union laid
before them by their commission, as before mentioned, with all the alterations
and amendments proposed on either side, do unanimously approve of it, and
agree to it, as a plan of union between the two Synods, and do judge it to be
their duty to unite with the Synod of Philadelphia upon the same. And this
Synod having a message brought them from the Synod of Philadelphia, inform-
ing of their approbation of, and agreement with, the aforesaid plan, and desire
of union upon the same, desiring that the time and place of meeting in one
body may be agreed upon, which was done the last sederunt, viz. at four of the
clock this afternoon, in this house. And the time appointed for this meeting
being come, and all other business being finished, this Synod, in order to the
union aforesaid, adjourned, sine die. Concluded with prayer.
The preceding minutes, embracing the correspondence between the Synods of
Philadelphia and New York, preparatory to their union, after a separation of so
many years, will serve to show that the respective parties, while they materially
differed on some points, important to the purity and unity of the Church, were
agreed in their doctrinal sentiments, and in the cordial adoption of the West-
minster Confession and Catechisms. When, therefore, time had allayed their
excited feeling, and calm reflection led them to see their errors, and to propose
measures for a re-union, it was comparatively easy to settle the preliminary
terms, as no difference in doctrine intervened to defeat the arrangement.
This union was happily effected in the year 1758, upon the basis which may
be found on record at their first meeting as a united body. The style of the
body from that period until the organization of the General Assembly, was
'' The Synod of New York and Philadelphia," the minutes of which here
follow.
PART FOURTH.
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA,
FROM A. D. 1758 TO 1788.
1758.
PUladelpUa, May 22c?, 1758.
The commissions of the Synods of Philadelphia and New York met, accord-
ing to an agreement of both Synods the year before, and prepared a plan of
union to be offered to the consideration of each Synod, which was done on
Thursday following, May 25th.
After the plan had been considered and approved in both Synods severally,
each Synod notified this to the other, upon which, May 29, P. M. they met
together, and chose Mr. Gilbert Tennent moderator, Mr. McDowell clerk. The
Synod was then constituted with prayer.
Ministers present : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, moderator, David Bostwick,
Abraham Kettletas, Aaron Richards, Nathaniel Whitaker, Azariah Horton,
William Tennent, Samuel Kennedy, Thomas Lewis, Benjamin Hait, Charles
McKuight, David Cowel, Charles Beatty, Richard Treat, Henry Martin, Robert
Cross, Francis Alison, Benjamin Chesnut, Andrew Hunter, Nehemiah Green-
man, William Ramsey, Daniel Lawrence, John Harris, Moses Tuttle, John
Miller, John Rogers, Hector Alison, Daniel Thane, Charles Tennent, William
McKennan, Samuel Finly, James Finly, Sampson Smith, John Blair, Adam
Boyd, Robert Smith, Joseph Tate, John Roan, George Duffield, John Steel,
Samuel Davies, Alexander McDowell.*
Ministers absent : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Bewel, James Brown,
Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Silvanus White, Benjamin Talmage, Abner
Reeves, Timothy Jones, John Pierson, Simon Horton, John Brainerd, Timothy
Allen, John Smith, Jacob Green, Elihu Spencer, Enos Ayres, Chanccy Gra-
ham, John MofFet, Jonathan Elmore, Hugh Knox, John Darby, John Maltby,
Alexander Cummins, James McCrea, Israel Read, Job Prudden, Conradus
Worts, Hugh Henry, Andrew Bay, John Hogg, John Wright, Andrew Ster-
ling, Hugh McAdam, Caleb Smith, Alexander Craighead, Robert Henry, John
Brown, John Todd, John Martin, Samuel Black, Richard Sanchy, John Elder,
John Craig, Alexander Miller, Samuel Thomson, Robert McMordie, George
Gillespie, Matthew Wilson, John Guild, John Kinkead, Alexander Hutchinson.
The plan of union agreed upon between the Synods of New York and Phila-
delphia, at their meeting at Philadelphia, May 29th, 1758.
The Synods of New York and Philadelphia, taking into serious consideration
the present divided state of the Presbyterian church in this land, and being
deeply sensible that the division of the church tends to weaken its interests,
* There were fourteen Elders present at this meeting, but the manuscript is so muti-
lated that only their first names appeal*.
(285) ,
286 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1758.
to dislionour religion, and consequently its glorious Author; to render govern-
ment and discipline ineffectual, and finally to dissolve its very frame ; and being
desirous to pursue such measures as may most tend to the glory of God and the
establishment and edification of his people, do judge it to be our indispensable
duty to study the things that make for peace, and to endeavour the healing of
that breach which has for some time subsisted amongst us, that so its hurtful
consecjuences may not extend to posterity ; that all occasion of reproach upon
our society may be removed, and that we may carry on the great designs of re-
ligion to better advantage than we can do in a divided state ; and since both
Synods continue to profess the same principles of fiiith, and adhere to the same
form of worship, government, and discipline, there is the greater reason to
endeavour the compromising those differences, which were agitated many years
ago with too great warmth and animosity, and unite in one body.
For which end, and that no jealousies or grounds of alienation may remain,
and also to prevent future breaches of like nature, we agree to unite and do
unite in one body, under the name of the Synod of New York and Philadel-
phia, on the following plan.
I. Both Synods having always approved and received the Westminster Con-
fession of Faith, and Larger and Shorter Catechisms, as an orthodox and excel-
lent system of Christian doctrine, founded on the word of God, we do still
receive the same as the confession of our faith, and also adhere to the plan of
worship, government, and discipline, contained in the Westminster Directory,
strictly enjoining it on all our members and probationers for the ministry, that
they preach and teach according to the form of sound words in said Confession
and Catechisms, and avoid and oppose all errors contrary thereto.
II. That when any matter is determined by a major vote, every member
shall either actively concur with, or passively submit to such determination;
or, if his conscience permit him to do neither, he shall, after sufficient liberty
modestly to reason and remonstrate, peaceably withdraw from our communion,
without attempting to make any schism. Provided always, that this shall be
understood to extend only to such determinations as the body shall judge indis-
pensable in doctrine or Presbyterian government.
III. That any member or members, for the exoneration of his or their eon-
science before God, have a right to protest against any act or procedure of our
highest judicature, because there is no further appeal to another for redress ;
and to require that such protestation be recorded in their minutes. And as
such a protest is a solemn appeal from the bar of said judicature, no member is
liable to prosecution on the account of his protesting. Provided always, that
it shall be deemed irregular and unlawful, to enter a protestation against any
member or members, or to protest facts or accusations instead of pi'oving them,
unless a fair trial be refused, even by the highest judicature. And it is agreed,
that protestations are only to be entered against the public acts, judgments, or
determinations of the judicature with which the protester's conscience is
offended.
_IV. As the protestation entered in the Synod of Philadelphia, Ann. Dom.
1741, has been apprehended to have been approved and received by an act of
said Synod, and on that account was judged a sufficient obstacle to an union ;
the said Synod declare, that they never judicially adopted the said protestation,
nor do account it a Synodical act, but that it is to be considered as the act of
those only who subscribed it; and therefore cannot in its nature be a valid
objection to the union of the two Synods, especially considering that a very
great majority of both Synods have become members, since the said protesta-
tion was entered.
V. That it shall be esteemed and treated as a censurable evil, to accuse any
member of heterodoxy, insufficiency, or immorality, in a calumniating man-
1758.] KEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 287
ner, or otherwise than by private brotherly admonition, or by a regular pro-
cess according to our known rules of judicial trial in cases of scandal. And it
shall be considered in the same view, if any Presbytery appoint supplies within
the bounds of another Presbytery without their concurrence ; or if any member
officiate in another's congregation, without asking and obtaining his consent or
the session's in case the minister be absent; yet it shall be esteemed uubrotherly
for any one, in ordinary circumstances, to refuse his consent to a regular mem-
ber when it is requested.
VI. That no Presbytery shall license or ordain to the work of the ministry,
any candidate, until he give them competent satisfaction as to his learning, and
experimental acquaintance with religion, and skill in divinity and cases of con-
science ; and declare his acceptance of the Westminster Confession and Cate-
chisms as the confession of his faith, and promise subjection to the Presbyterian
plan of government in the Westminster Directory.
VII. The Synods declare it is their earnest desire, that a complete union
may be obtained as soon as possible, and agree that the united Synod shall
model the several Presbyteries in such manner as shall appear to them most
expedient. Provided nevertheless, that Presbyteries, where an alteration does
not appear to be for edification, continue in their present form. As to divided
congregations it is agreed, that such as have settled ministers on both sides be
allowed to continue as they are j that where those of one side have a settled
minister, the other being vacant, may join with the settled minister, if a ma-
jority choose so to do; that when both sides are vacant they shall be at liberty
to unite together.
VIII. As the late religious appearances occasioned much speculation and de-
bate, the members of the New York Synod, in order to prevent any misap-
prehensions, declare their adherence to their former sentiments in favour of
them, that a blessed work of God's Holy Spirit in the conversion of numbers
was then carried on; and for the satisfaction of all concerned, this united
Synod agree in declaring, that as all mankind are naturally dead in trespasses
and sins an entire change of heart and life is necessary to make them meet for
the service and enjoyment of God ; that such a change can be only effected by
the powerful operations of the Divine Spirit; that when sinners are made
sensible of their lost condition and absolute inability to recover themselves,
are enlightened in the knowledge of Christ and convinced of his ability and
willingness to save, and upon gospel encouragements do choose him for their
Saviour, and renouncing their own righteousness in point of merit, depend
upon his imputed righteousness for their justification before God, and on his
wisdom and strength for guidance and support ; when upon these apprehen-
sions and exercises their souls are comforted, notwithstanding all their past
guilt, and rejoice in God through Jesus Christ; when they hate and bewail
their sins of heart and life, delight in the laws of God without exception, reve-
rently and diligently attend his ordinances, become humble and self denied,
and make it the business of their lives to please and glorify God and to do
good to their fellow men ; this is to be acknowledged as a gracious work of
God, even though it should be attended with unusual bodily commotions or
some more exceptionable circumstances, by means of infii-mity, temptations,
or remaining corruptions; and wherever religious appearances are attended
with the good effects above mentioned, we desire to rejoice in and thank God
for them.
But on the other hand, when persons seeming to be under a religious con-
cern, imagine that they have visions of the human nature of Jesus Christ, or
hear voices, or see external lights, or have fainting and convulsion-like fits, and
on the account of these judge themselves to be truly converted, though they
Lave not the Scriptural characters of a work of God above described, we believe
288 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1758.
such persons are under a dangerous delusion. And we testify our utter disap-
probation of such a delusion, wherever it attends any religious appearances, in
any church or time.
Now as both Synods are agreed in their sentiments concerning the nature of
a work of grace, and declare their desire and purpose to promote it, different
judgments respecting particular matters of fact, ought not to_ prevent their
union ; especially as many of the present members have entered into the minis-
try since the time of the aforesaid religious appearances.
Upon the whole, as the design of our union is the advancement of the Medi-
ator's kingdom ; and as the wise and faithful discharge of the ministerial func-
tion is the" principal appointed mean for that glorious end, we judge, that this
is a proper occasion to manifest our sincere intention, unitedly to exert our-
selves to fulfil the ministry we have received of the Lord Jesus. Accordingly,
we unanimously declare our serious and fixed resolution, by divine aid, to take
heed to ourselves that our hearts be upright, our discourse edifying, and our
lives exemplary for purity and godliness ; to take heed to our doctrine, that it
be not only orthodox but evangelical and spiritual, tending to awaken the
secure to a suitable concern for their salvation, and to instruct and encourage
sincere Christians ; thus commending ourselves to every man's conscience in
the sight of Grod; to cultivate peace and harmony among ourselves, and
strengthen each other's hands in promoting the knowledge of divine truth, and
diffusing the savour of piety among our people.
Finally, we earnestly recommend it to all under our care, that instead of
indulging a contentious disposition, they would love each other with a pure
heart fervently, as brethren who profess subjection to the same Lord, adhere to
the same faith, worship, and government, and entertain the same hope of glory.
And we desire that they would improve the present union for their mutual edi-
fication, combine to strengthen the common interests of religion, and go hand
in hand in the path of life ; which we pray the God of all grace would please
to effect, for Christ's sake. Amen.
The Synod agree, that all former differences and disputes are laid aside and
buried ; and that no future inquiry or vote shall be proposed in this Synod
concerning these things ; but if any member seek a Synodical inquiry, or de-
claration about any of the matters of our past differences, it shall be deemed a
censurable breach of this agreement, and be refused, and he be rebuked ac-
cordingly.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
May 30<^, nine o'cloch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment^
and post preces sederunt qui siq^ra.
The modelling of the several Presbyteries was taken under consideration.
Agreed, that the Presbyteries of Suffolk and New York continue as they
are.
Agreed, that the Presbytery of New Brunswick continue as it is, only that
Messrs. Cowel and Guild are added to it.
And those three Presbyteries shall meet for the first time according to their
several appointments made by themselves already.
Agreed, that Messrs. Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Francis Alison, Treat, Chesnut,
Martin, Beatty, Greenman, Hunter, Piamsey, Lawrence, and Kinkead, be the
Presbytery of I'hiladelphia, to meet for the first time on Wednesday next, at
four o'clock in the afternoon, at the old Presbyterian church.
Agreed, that Messrs. John Miller, Tuttle, Harris, Henry, and Wilson, be a
Lcweston Presbytery, and have the congregations in Kent on Delaware, Sus-
sex, Worcester, Somerset, Dorset, Queen Anne's, and Kent, in Maryland,
1758.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 289
nnder their care, to meet first at Cool Spring on the last Tucsrlay of July next;
and that the Presbyteries of New Castle assist them in sui)plyiug their vacan-
cies till they be further provided with settled pastors.
Agreed, that the first and second Presbyteries of New Castle and Donnegal
continue as they are for the present, only they shall correspond with each other
at their meetings.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clocJc, P. M. the Synod met, and post preces sederunt qui
supra.
At Mr. Thane's request, being disannexed from the Presbytery of New
York, he is left at liberty to join either of the New Castle Presbyteries or
Lewiston, before our next.
Agreed, that Messrs. Craighead, Black, Craig, Miller, Davies, Todd, Henry,
Wright, Brown, and Martin, in Virginia and southward, be the Presbytery of
Hanover, to meet for the first time at Mr. Wright's congregation in Cumberland
county, on the second Wednesday of July next.
Several very earnest applications were made to the Synod by Welch peo-
ple in difi"erent parts, representing that many among them understand not the
English tongue, and unless they have a pastor capable of speaking in their
own language they must live entirely destitute of ordinances ; that a certain
Mr. John Griffith, came some years ago from Wales, with good certificates of
his Christian knowledge and piety, though he has not had a liberal education,
and of being there licensed to preach the gospel ; that he has preached among
them to their great satisfaction, and therefore pray the Synod to ordain him to
the ministry, that he may both preach and also administer the sacraments
among them.
Upon considering the case, the Synod find that several members have seen
his certificates from Wales, that some have conversed with him and were
much satisfied with his Christian knowledge and acquaintance with experi-
mental religion ; that those of the Welch here, who testify to the Synod con-
cerning his useful preaching and pious conduct, are known to be men of judg-
ment and integrity ; and as the circumstances of that people are singular, and
no other way appears in which they can enjoy ordinances, the Synod agree,
that the said Mr. John Griffith, though he has not the measure of school
learning usually required, and which they judge to be ordinarily requisite, be
ordained to the work of the ministry; and appoint Messrs. Samuel Davies,
Dr. Alison, Treat, Hunter, and Kettletas, to be a Presbytery pro re nata, to
ordain him to-morrow at 11 o'clock.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison and the clerk prepare reasons for a fast to be ap-
pointed by the Synod, and for congregations employing days in joint prayer
during the present calamities.
Agreed, that appointments made by the several Synods and Presbyteries
before union, which are not inconsistent therewith, be fulfilled.
Agreed, that the commissions appointed before by the two Synods, with
the present moderator, be together the commission of this Synod for the ensuing
year.
Adjourned to eight o'clock to-morrow morning, and concluded with prayer.
May 31.S/, the Synod met accordinost preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That the interest arising from the Indian fund, in the hands of the
trustees of the College of New Jersey, for this current year, be allowed to Mr.
Brainerd.
Ordered, That Mr. President Davies write, as soon as he can conveniently,
to the society for managing the Indian mission in Virginia, to let them knovf
the difficult state of Indian affixirs in New Jersey, and to request their interest
and concurrence to obtain some relief for our Indian mission and schools from
the New England company in London. And that the board of correspondents
in New Jersey, be requested by said Mr. President Davies, to give a narrative
of the state of that mission, and to request the assistance of the New England
society for its support; unless a fund or pension sufficient to support that
mission, be obtained from the Scotch society before the last Wednesday of next
September.
Mr. McKnight was hindered from visiting the Indians, as the last Synod
appointed, by sickness. Mr. Latta's reasons for not visiting the Indians are
sustained. Mr. Kettletas supplied Newark as appointed. Mr. Brush preached
in college as appointed.
The committee appointed to meet at Chesnut Level, to hear and judge of
the complaint made by Jannet Smith, report, that they met and determined
that affiiir according to order.
Agreed, that Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, Treat, Ewing, John
Miller, Wilson, Samuel Finly, Blair, Boyd, Teat, Elder, Robert Smith, Wil-
liam Tennent, Caleb Smith, John Guild, Azariah Horton, Brown, Spencer,
and the moderator, with the elders, Messrs. John Wallace, Gunning Bedford,
Thomas Ewing, Hugh Hamilton, Ilobert Evans, John Sympson, be a commis-
sion for the ensuing year, and that any eight and the moderator be a quorum.
The case of conscience concerning a man having married his half brother's
widow, was brought under consideration, and several members oiFered their
thoughts on it ; but the further consideration was deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, met according to adjournment. Ubi post preces sederunt
qui sujyra.
Mr. William McCrea obtained leave to go home.
The case of the marriage resumed. After some further converse on this point,
agreed, that Messrs. Samuel Finley, James Finley, Blair, Miller, Kettletas, and
Gilbert Tennent, be a committee to bring in a sum of what they can find in
Scripture and the English law on that point, against Monday afternoon ; and
also on a second case from Donegall Presbytery, where a brother's and sister's
17C0.] XEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 301
relicts married together ; and on a third case of a man's marrying two sisters,
cue after the other's death.
Agreed, that Messrs. Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, and Treat, be a
committee to manage the affair respecting the German fund, and that Dr. Ali-
son call the committee together as often as he sees occasion, and that some part
as they can aiford, be allowed Mr. Duffield for his school in the year past. Mr
Kodgers had leave to go home.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
24^7i day, at nine d'clocic, met according to adjournment. Ubi post preces
sederunt qui sxipra.
Messrs. John Sympson, Jonathan Lawrence, and Thomas Ewing, have leave,
for weighty reasons, to go home.
The committee for correspondence deferred. The afilxir of the fund deferred.
The committee for the widows' fund deferred.
Mr. Barker's affair was taken into consideration. The committee appointed
last year to converse with him brought in the following report : That they met
at the Rev. Mr. John Pierson's, ubi j^ost 2J>'c('<^s sederunt, ministers, Messrs.
John Pierson, Caleb Smith, Jacob Green, Timothy Jones, Azariah Ilorton,
Samuel Kennedy, and Jonathan Elmore, correspondent.
Ministers absent : Messrs. Alexander Cummins, Charles Beatty.
Mr. Pierson chosen moderator, and Mr. Kennedy clerk.
Mr. Samuel Barker's paper, containing his principles, together with some
arguments to support them, was read and maturely deliberated upon ; and the
committee being in doubt what Mr. Barker's real sentiments were, as they ap-
peared not to be clearly expressed in said paper, proceeded to query with him
largely on the several heads, and were well pleased to find, on inquiry, that
Mr. Marker's sentiments, in some points which on first view of his paper ap-
peared erroneous, were in substaucet(though far from being happily and cau-
tiously expressed) agreeable to the opinion of the generality of our orthodox
divines, particularly as to all men's being in the covenant, and the rcgenerate's
not being probationers for heaven ; as Mr. Harker means, by the former, no
more than this, viz. that the covenant respects the whole human race, in the
proposals thereof; and by the latter, only designs, that every regenerate persoa
has a sure and unfailing title to heaven, by virtue of their being interested in
the merits of Christ. But the committee were sorry to find, that in two
branches of doctrine Mr. Harker appears really to have fallen into an error,
particularly in holding, that according to the tenor of the covenant of grace,
God has bound himself, by promise, to bestow saving blessings upon the faith
and endeavours of unregenerate men ; and that God has predestinated persons to
salvation, upon a foresight of their faith and good works, or compliance with the
terms of the covenant. Oa both which heads, the committee laboured to con-
vince Mr. Harker of his mistake, but without being so happy as to succeed in
their endeavours, at least from what then appeared. Finally, they recommended
to Mr. Harker greater caution in his phraseology, and that where he could with
a safe conscience, he would aim at the common forms of sound words, without
affecting to deviate from the usual modes of expression among orthodox divines.
Concluded with prayer.
As the Synod apprehend they had some success, but find him mistaken in the
two above propositions, still it is thought expedient to try yet whether further
converse may convince him ; the Synod agree that he meet with i\Ies.srs.
Samuel and James Finely, Blair, Robert and Sampson Smith, at Nottingham,
302 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G0.
the second Tuesday of November next. And in liis return meet with Messrs.
Gilbert Tenneut, Treat, Ewing, and Dr. Alison, in this city, to converse ou
these points.
Mr. Harker got leave to go home.
Adjourned till ten o'clock on Monday, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
2Qth da?/, the Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sede-
runt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Lawrence, Chesnut,
Martin, William Tennent, Roan, Duffield.)
The committee of correspondents deferred till afternoon.
The aflair of the Synod's Fund deferred till afternoon.
The committee for the Widows' Fund deferred.
The overtures of regulations, that were accidentally passed over in their
proper place, are further deferred.
A supplication from Lancaster and Leacock being considered by the Synod,
they appoint Mr. Montgomery to supply Lancaster the first Sabbath of June,
and at Leacock the third.
That Mr. Carmichael supply two Sabbaths in New Castle Presbytery ; the
next two in Lewistown Presbytery; the next four in New Castle Presbytery;
and the next six in Donegall Presbytery ; and the remainder of his time, till
the fourth Wednesday of September, in New Castle Presbytery.
Agreed with Mr. Latta's own consent, that he be removed from Philadelphia
and joined to Donegall Presbytery.
A very pressing application being made by the English Presbyterian gentle-
men of Albany for supplies, the Synod appointed Mr. Hector Alison to supply
there till the second Sabbath of July, if it suits his conveniency.
The Synod appoint Mr. Kettletas to visit them against the fourth Sabbath of
July next, and supply them four Sabbaths; and that Mr. William Tennent
supply them afterwards, as he can conveniently ; and that Mr. Woodroff supply
Mr. Kettletas's congregation the last Sabbath of July, Mr. Richards the
first Sabbath of August, Mr. M'Whorter the second, and Mr. Smith the third
Sabbath.
The supplication from Windham, in New Hampshire, deferred till afternoon,
'Tis allowed that Messrs. Alexander McDowel and Hector Alison go as
chaplains to the Pennsylvania forces, and that Mr. Kirkpatrick go with the
New Jersey forces, the ensuing campaign. The Synod recommend that Mr.
Kirkpatrick pay a visit to the people of Windham on his return, and that Dr.
Alison and Mr. Ewing write a recommendatory letter to the people.
The case of conscience about the marriage deferred.
Mr. Robert Evans obtained leave to go nome.
Adjourned till half after three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At half after three d clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi
post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee of correspondence, appointed last Synod, report that they
have not settled any plan for it, and the appointment of another committee is
deferred till next year.
Ordered, that the money in Dr. Alison's hands belonging to the Widows'
Fund be delivered to the treasurer of the corporation for said fund.
Ordered, that Messrs. Samuel Finley, Tate, Kettletas, McDowel, and Wal-
lace, be a committee to settle the affair of the Synod's Fund with Dr. Alison,
and bring in the report to the Synod to-morrow morning.
1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 303
Names of persons who contributed this year to the Synod's Fund.
Mr. James Finly brought in 14,s. Mr. Joseph Tate brought in £2 2s. 6.
The reading the minutes of our last sederunt, from the affair of the new regu-
lations forward, is deferred until to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
2101 day, A. M. Uli post preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee for settling the Synod's Fund, report that they have settled
the accounts with Dr. Alison, which was approved as appears by his books.
The affair of regulations resumed and committed to Messrs. JMcDowel
Brainerd, Tate, and Blair, to draw up a minute concerning this affair to be
offered to the consideration of the Synod to-morrow.
The case of conscience resumed, and the committee appointed to examine
what the English and Levitical laws have determined in this affair, brought iu
their report.
Voted, that the consideration of the above affair be deferred until next Synod,
and that it be recommended to the several members to examine the affair more
thoroughly before that time, and give their sentiments on it.
The second and third cases of conscience deferred till afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, V. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three d clock, P. 31. the Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Kirkpatrick has got leave to go home.
The committee for the Widows' Fund further deferred.
As to the second case of conscience the Synod judge, that such a marriacre,
however inexpedient it be, yet as we cannot find it prohibited by the Levitical
law, it is not to be condemned as incestuous.
The third case of conscience was considered; and though the majority of the
Synod think that the marriage is incestuous, and contrary to the laws of God
and the land, and agree that it is sinful and of dangerous tendency, yet inas-
much as some learned men are not so clear in this point, it is agreed to resume
the consideration hereof next year.
An overture was brought in, that as a Professor of Divinity, to instruct
youths for the sacred ministry, is much wanted, and highly necessary, the
Synod would try to fall upon some measures to obtain one. And the Synod
sensible of the need and importance of this, earnestly recommend the considera-
tion of it to every Presbytery, that they may consult together how this may be
accomplished, and endeavour to make the people under their care sensible of
the importance of it; also, that they may be prepared and disposed to contri-
bute to so good a design. And ordered, that a copy of this be transmitted by
the clerk to the moderators of New Castle and New Brunswick Presbyteries,
that they may transmit it to the other Presbyteries.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow morning. Concluded with
prayer.
28<7i day, at nine o^cloch, A. M. met according to adjournment. V hi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee for the Widows' Fund brought in their report, which may be
seen in the Corporation Book.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison apply to the Corporation for a copy of their plan
to be transmitted to each Presbytery.
Ordered; That Mr. Lawrence supply Mr. Beatty's pulpit the first and second
304 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1760.
Sabbaths of June 5 Mr. Treat the third ; Mr. Ramsey the fourth and fifth ;
Mr. Clark the first and third of July ; Mr. Treat the second ; Mr. McKnight
the fourth and the first of August ; Mr. Treat the second ; Mr. Brainerd the
third and fourth; Dr. Alison the fifth; Mr. Treat the first of September; Dr.
Alison the second ; Mr. Blair the third ; Mr. Samuel Finly the fourth ; Mr.
Treat the first of October ; Mr. Hunter the second ; Mr. Chesnut the third ;
Mr. James Finly the fourth ; IMr. Treat the first of November ; Mr. Mont-
gomery the second; Mr. McWhorter the third; and Mr. Bodgers the fourth
and fifth.
The committee appointed to prepare a minute upon the affair of regulations
brought in the following, which was approved :
The Synod judge, that, agreeably to the usage of other judicatures of our
denomination, it is expedient, especially for such younger members, as shall be
introduced into this body from year to year, to be acquainted with the order in
•which they are to conduct themselves and observe the following practice :
Every year, after the Synod is met and a new moderator chosen, the former
moderator, before he leave the chair, shall remind his successor, that agreeably
to the character he is now chosen to sustain, he is not to leave his chair, nor
speak in any affair debated, unless allowed by the Synod, but is only to be a
public person to whom all shall speak, and the common mouth of the Synod ;
and is to see that becoming order be maintained by all the members, according
to the following common rules, which they are all agreed to observe :
That no member speak to any affair until he respectfully ask and obtain
leave of the moderator ; that all speeches be addressed to the moderator ; and
when a member has done speaking he . shall sit down, or otherwise signify that
he has done.
No member shall multiply speeches on the same point, unless some new
matter is started, or he has been misunderstood, or has forgot something he
intended to say ; and when any seem likely to waste time by speaking often,
the moderator may confine each to speak once only in the order of the roll.
That no member interrupt another while he is speaking, or offer any different
matter after a motion is made, till it be judged of; nor shall he speak to any
matter after the Synod have judged it ripe for a vote, unless he obtain leave of
the Synod by the moderator.
That in all debates the members shall treat each other with becoming respect
and decency.
That none shall withdraw, or be absent, in the time of a session without the
leave of the Synod obtained by the moderator.
That while the Synod is transacting business there shall be no unseasonable
private whispering, or conversation on other affairs, but all shall attend with
gravity and decency.
If any member act indecently and disorderly, contrary to these rules, the
moderator shall reprove, or otherwise censure him as the Synod shall judge
proper, and if any member shall think himself denied of any just right, or un-
justly blamed by the moderator, he shall not speak disrespectfully to him, but
modestly require the Synod's judgment in the case.
After the former moderator has recommended these things to the care of his
successor, he shall address the members of the Synod expressing his earnest
desire and hope, that they will give all due respect and encouragement to their
moderator, in his duty, observe these rules themselves, and in all things main-
tain the dignity, gravity, and decency, the mutual love and confidence that
become their character. And the Synod recommend the observation of such
rules to all the Presbyteries.
The Synod seriously considering the dangerous situation of our public
affaii-s, and the melancholy state of religion, agree that the nineteenth day of
1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 305
next June be set apart as a day of public fasting and prayer in all the congre-
gations under the care of this Synod, where the government under which they
live have not this year already appointed a public fast; that all may humble
themselves before Almighty God, to deprecate his wrath, and to pray for the
Divine blessing on his majesty's counsels and arms, and the revival of true
piety and religion among us.
Five queries were brought in, which are as follows :
First query. How many ministers are necessary to request the moderator
of the commission of the Synod, or of any of our Presbyteries, to oblige the
moderator to call any of these judicatures to do occasional business?
Second query. Whether, by our constitution, a new moderator ought not
to be chosen as oft as one of our judicatures meet, excepting the commission
of the Synod, which is a representative of the body?
Third query. Whether our students, bred in our colleges, have not a right
to apply to any of our Presbyteries for improvement for the sacred work of
the ministry ? and whether they ought not to be received upon sufficient re-
commendations ?
Fourth query. Whether any minister, or probationer, ordained or licensed
in Scotland, England, Ireland, Connecticut, or in any of the Ileformed Churches,
ought not to be admitted as a gospel minister, or probationer, if he produce
sufficient certificates that he was orderly ordained or licensed, and has behaved
according to his character, provided he adopts our Confession, and promises
subjection in the Lord ?
Fifth query. Whether it is regular for our students of divinity, who intend
to return and officiate in the bounds of the Synod, to go into New England, or
elsewhere, in order to be licensed ?
The further consideration of these queries is referred till afternoon.
Mr. Robert Smith got leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o^docJc, P. 31. met according to adjournment. TJhi post jpreces sede-
runt qui supra.
The consideration of the five queries resumed.
In answer to the first query, the Synod judge, that meetings of judicatures,
pro re naia, can only be necessary on account of important occurrences un-
known at their last meeting, and which cannot be safely deferred till their
stated meeting, such as scandal raised on a minister's character, tending to
destroy his usefulness, and bring reproach on religion; or feuds in a con-
gregation threatening its dissolution; or some dangerous error, or heresy
broached; but not for matters judicially deferred by the judicature, except
some unforeseen circumstance occurs, which makes it appear that some prin-
cipal things on which the judgment depends may then be had, and cannot be
obtained if it is deferred till their stated meeting ; nor, for any matters that
ordinarily come in at their stated meetings. And when such occasional meet-
ings appear necessary to the moderator himself, it is proper to call the judica-
ture together, or upon the application of any two members judging it neces-
sary, provided always, that seasonable notice be given to all the members of
the occasion, time, and place of meeting, and that it be appointed at such a
season as may render the attendance of the members practicable. But
the advice of four or five is judged necessary to call the commission of the
Synod.
Voted, That Mr. Hugh Williamson, a probationer in the ministry, who was
licensed in Connecticut, should be received under the care of the Synod.
The consideration of the remaining queries deferred till next year.
39
306 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [;1761.
An address from the clergy of the Church of England belonging to thig
city was brought in and read ; wherein they complain that some members of
this Synod have intermeddled in their church affairs to their disliking, and
query, whether the paper which they say was signed by the moderator and some
other members, was signed as a synodical act.
The Synod assure these Reverend Gentlemen that they never signed it as
a synodical body, nor heard the paper read in Synod, nor was it as much as
made known to many of the members of this body. As we have not seen the
paper we cannot judge how far they have concerned themselves in the affairs
of the Church of England. We desire to intermeddle with no affairs that do
not belong to us, but as a body can neither prevent the private correspondence
of our members, nor oblige them to produce their letters ; but we presume, if
application should be made to the persons who have written, a sight of the
paper may be obtained. And we heartily desire that the same good under-
standing which has hitherto happily subsisted between us and the Reverend
Gentlemen of the Church of England, may still continue.
Ordered, That the clerk give a copy of this minute if desired.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next, to meet in Philadelphia,
at the second Presbyterian meeting-house, at three o'clock, P. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1761.
PMlacMphia, May 20/A, 1761.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met, according to adjournment,
at the Second Presbyterian Church. Uhi jwst preccs sederunt
Of Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Robert Cross, Dr. Alison, Andrew
Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, John Simonton, Gilbert Tennent, Benjamin Ches-
nut, William Ramsey, James Latta, Richard Treat, Henry Martin, John
Ewing, John Beard.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, William McKennan,
Daniel Thane, Andrew Sterling, Samuel Finly, James Finly, Alexander
McDowell, John Strain, John Blair, John Rodgers, Hector Alison, John
Carmichael.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Steel, George Duffield, Robert Smith,
Sampson Smith, John Roan, Joseph Tate, Robert McMurdie.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : Jlessrs. John Miller, Matthew Wilson, Hugh
Henry, John Harris.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Harker,
Benjamin Hait, James Caldwell, James McCrea, Israel Read, William Kirk-
patrick, John Clark, Charles McKnight, Elihu Spencer, James Hunt.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Caleb Smith, Simon
Horton, Timothy Jones, Benjamin Woodroff, Jonathan Elmore, David Bost-
wick.
Of Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd, Ministers.
Elders : John Williams, Thomas Francis, James Wilden, David Flemming,
Francis Gardner, Daniel William, Samuel Stevens, Daniel Dickinson, Hugh
Mcllroy, Joshua Thomas, Anthony Tate, James Evans, William Wallace,
Moses irwin, Jared Graham, John King, Jacob Ford, Andrew Gregg, David
Caldwell, Thomas Ogden, Walter Stewart, James Boyd, Josiah Scott, William
Walker, Gilbert Ilendrickson, Benjamin Bonnel, David Davies.
Absent members of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Beatty and
Nehemiah Greenman.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Hutchinson, Charles Tennent,
and Andrew Bay.
1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 307
Of Donegal! Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Thompson, John Elder, and John
Hogg.
Of Lewest-own Presbytery : Mr. Moses Tuttle.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Kennedy, Job Pruddeu,
John Hannah, Conradus Worts, John Guild.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, John ]Maltby, John
MoiFat, John Derby, Timothy Allen, John Brainerd, Hugh Knox, Chauncy
Graham, Aaron Richards, Nathaniel Wliitaker, Jacob Green, Euos Ayres,
Silas Leonard, Abraham Kettletas, Abner Brush.
Of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, Samuel
Buel, James Brown, Benjamin Talmadge, Moses Balden, Abner lleeves,
Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Ezra lieeves, Thomas Lewis
Of Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Craighead, Robert Henry, John
Wright, John Craig, John Brown, Henry Patillo, Alexander Miller, Samuel
Black, Hugh McCadden.
The Synod was opened by a sermon on 2 Tim. ii. 2, by Mr. Treat.
Mr. Elihu Spencer chosen moderator, and Mr. John Rodgers clerk.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21s^ May, at nine dclock, A. 31. the Si/nod met accordinj to adjournment.
Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That a letter be wrote to Mr. Silas Leonard, to know his reasons
for not attending our Synod, and to inform him, that if he does not either at-
tend, or give us sufficient reasons for his absence, his name shall be left out of
our book.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained to the sacred
work of the ministry, since our last meeting, Mr. John Simontou and Mr. John
Beard.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have also ordained to the same
sacred work, Mr. John Strain and Mr. John Carmichael.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. James
Hunt, Mr. James Caldwell, Mr. John Hannah, and Mr. John Clark, and that
they have licensed Mr. Amos Thompson, Mr. Samuel Parkhurst and Mr.
Joseph Treat.
Hanover Presbytery report that they have licensed Mr. James Waddel.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick further report that it has pleased God to
remove by death, since our last, the Rev. Mr. President Davies and the Rev.
Mr. David Cowell.
New York Presbytery informs us, that the Rev. Mr. Alexander Camming is
removed to Boston. And the Presbytery of Hanover report, that Mr. William
Richardson is joined to the Presbytery of South Carolina.
Ordered', That Messrs. Blair, Ramsay, Sampson Smith, Henry, Simon Hor-
ton, William Tennent, and Richard Zanchy, be a committee of overtures to
meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning, at the second Presbyterian church,
and as often as there may be occasion.
Ordered, That Messrs. William Tennent, Treat, Guild, Ewing, McKnight,
Caleb Smith, Bostwick, and Hait, be a committee to dispose of the money in
the hands of the treasurer of the college of New Jersey, for the education of
poor and pious youth for this year, and that they meet at Princeton on the last
Wednesday of July for this purpose; and that they prepare a book in which
the accounts of said disposal be regularly inserted, and that this or an attested
copy thereof, be laid before the Synod at our next meeting.
The reasons for Mr. Duilield's not going to Hanover, are sustained ; as also
Mr. Mills's.
308 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1761.
Upon inquiry ■who had collected for the Indian mission, as ordered last year,
it is found the order was not fulfilled by Messrs. Chesuut, Martin, Gilbert Teu-
nent, Steel, Sampson Smith, Duffield, Roan, McMurdie, Harris, McCrea,
Harker, Simon Horton, Zanchy, and Todd. Ordered, that these gentlemen
collect for this purpose as soon as possible. And that tlie several Presbyteries
take due care that collections for this end be made by their absent members
who have not complied ; that vacant congregations be warmly applied to by
their respective Presbyteries on this head; and that their several sums be sent
to Mr. Sergeant or Mr. Ewing as soon as convenient, and, if possible, before
the next commencement of the College of New Jersey.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. JJhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The affiiir of the Indian mission, and the inquiry whether the interest of the
Indian fund, in the hands of the trustees of the College of New Jersey was paid
to Mr. Brainerd, deferred.
Ordered, That Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John
Miller, Wilson, Samuel Finly, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Robert Smith,
William Tennent, Caleb Smith, Guild, Azariah Horton, Brown, Rodgers, and
the moderator, with the elders, Messrs. David Caldwell, John Williams,
Joshua Thomas, James Evans, and David Flemming, be the commission of
the Synod for the ensuing year, and that eight of them, and the moderator, be
a quorum.
Ordered, That Messrs. Cross and Gilbert Tennent, with Dr. Alison, be a
committee to confer with the trustees of the German fund, about the annuity
allowed out of said fund.
The ministers belonging to the corporation for the relief of poor and dis-
tressed Presbyterian ministers, their widows and children, have leave to meet
to-morrow at five o'clock, with the other members of that body.
Mr. Harker's case came to be considered- He declared to the Synod, that
he had prepared his sentiments for the press, yet if the Synod would take the
trouble to read his performance, and convince him that he is wrong, he would
amend what is so, otherwise he would think himself obliged to print without
delay. The Synod have not sufficient time to read and dispute every point in
his performance, which they may judge erroneous or suspicious. Several
members of this body have heard him discourse on these subjects, and have
read some parts of his performance, who think he labours under several mis-
takes; but as the whole Synod cannot form a judgment upon his sentiments
from the report of a few who may understand them, they only at present de-
clare to the world, that as far as they have been acquainted with his opinions,
they do not approve of some of them.
The Synod further agree, that if Mr. Harker, notwithstanding this disap-
probation, shall proceed to print, every member may bring in their remarks
upon his book to the next Synod in order to their further notice, and that Dr.
Alison, Messrs. Treat, Ewing, Samuel Finly, Steel, and McDowell, or any
three of them be in particular a committee for this purpose.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
22d day, nine dcloch, A. M. U hi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The aifair of the Indian mission further deferred. The supplies appointed
to Albany, fulfilled,
j^ Messrs. Robert Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Alison, McDowell, Treat,
1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA.
309
Samuel Finly, and Rodgers, are appointed a committee of correspondence for
the ensuing year.
Dr. Alison represented, that there was some money in his hands belongino-
to the fund of the late Synod of Philadelphia, which he tlioui^ht himself
unqualified to lay out for the use of this body in a legal manner and that
other suras due to the Synod were in danger of being lost, as 'they we're
not a body corporate invested with a power to sue and be sued; and he
requested that this Synod would be pleased to put this fund on a surer fuotiuo-
if possible. °
The Synod agree, that all money belonging to that fund be put into the
hands of the corporation, for the relief of poor and distressed Presl)ytcriaa
ministers, their widows and children, to be managed by them in trust, for the
Synod, after the same manner that certain sums belonging to this body, appro-
priated to the education of poor and pious youths, are put into the hands of
the trustees of the college of New Jersey, to be managed in trust for us ; and
that said sums be disposed of according to an agreement made between the
members of the late Synod of Philadelphia, until the widows, who were under
that Synod's care at the union of the two Synods die, or be otherwise provided
for.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison, with Messrs. William Tennent and Samuel
Finly, wait on the above corporation, and request them to accept this trust ;
and that these gentlemen, with Messrs. Treat and Ewing, or any three of them,
act and do every thing relative to this affair.
Ordered, That Messrs. McDowell, Steel, Blair, Ewing, and Rodgers,
be a committee to settle the affairs of the Synod's fund with Dr. Alison,
and make such distributions of its interest as they may think necessary
for the past year; and that they bring in their report to the Synod oa
Monday morning.
The first and third cases of conscience came to be considered. Dr. Alison,
Messrs. McDowell, Samuel Finly, Blair, Bostwick, Caleb Smith, DuiUeld,
Wilson, and Steel, are appointed a committee to prepare a minute on this sub-
ject, and bring it in as soon as possible.
The affair of a professor of divinity came to be considered. And the Synod
agree to promote this good purpose ; but as several useful designs are at pre-
sent under consideration, which may prevent our raising a sufficient fund for
this end at this time, it is deferred till a more convenient season.
But the Synod being deeply sensible, that the churcji suffers greatly
for want of an opportunity to instruct students in the knowledge of divin-
ity, it is hereby agreed, that every student after he has been admitted to
his first degree in the college, shall read carefully and closely on this sub-
ject, at least one year, under the care of some minister of an approved
character for his skill in theology; and under his direction shall discuss
difficult points in divinity, study the sacred Scriptures, form sermons, lec-
tures, and such other useful exercises as he may be directed to in the course of
his studies.
And it is enjoined likewise, that every preacher, for the first year after his
licensure, shall show all his sermons to some minister in our Presbyteries,
on whose friendship and candour he depends, written fairly, to have them
corrected and amended. And as they are but young preachers, we are per-
suaded that no better method can be taken in present circumstances to im-
prove them in Christian knowledge and render them eminently useful in
their stations. It is also enjoined that they preach as often as they can
before stated ministers, that they may correct their gesture, pronunciation,
delivery, and the like. And it is fui-ther enjoined that all oui- ministers
310 MINUTES or THE SYNOD OF [1761.
and probationers forbear reading their sermons from the pulpit if they can
conveniently.
The supplies for Mr. Beatty's congregation deferred till nest sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Ubi j^ost j^t'eces sederunt qui supra.
The reasons of Mr. Brainerd's absence being made known to the Synod,
they are sustained.
The consideration of the Indian mission further deferred.
The Synod seriously considering the situation of our public affairs, and the
melancholy state of religion, agree that the second Thursday of June be set
apart as a day of public fiisting and prayer, in all the congregations under
the care of this Synod, where the government under which they live has
not, or shall not before that time, appoint another day for this purpose;
that all may humble themselves before Almighty God, to deprecate his
just displeasure, and pray for the blessing of heaven on his majesty's per-
son, counsels, and arms; and for the revival of true piety, and decaying reli-
gion among us.
In answer to the second question in our last year's minutes, respecting the
choice of a new moderator, it is agreed, that no moderator has a right to pre-
side in any of our Presbyteries but by virtue of the election of the members
then met ; but the presbyters may elect the same person for their moderator
from time to time, if they think proper.
The answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries deferred.
An overture was brought in, to the following purpose, viz. As holiness is a
qualification requisite in a gospel minister, query, whether it be the duty of a
Presbytery, and possible for them, to make candidates give a narration of their
personal exercises, and upon this form a judgment of their real spiritual state
towards God, as the ground of admitting or rejecting them ? This deferred to
further consideration.
Adjourned till six o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Sd day, six o'cloch, A. M. Ubi post preces sederimt qui supra.
The affair of the Indian mission came to be considered. It is agreed that
Messrs. William Tennent, Bostwick, Caleb Smith, McKnight, Azariah Hor-
ton, Simon Horton, McDowell, Kirkpatrick, and the moderator, be a committee
to consider this matter, and bring in their report on Tuesday morning.
The answers to the third, fourth, and fifth queries further deferred.
The overture respecting the examination of candidates, deferred till next
sederwit.
A supplication was brought in for supplies from Hico, Hawfields, Enno,
Coddle Creek, Ilocky Eiver, Davidson's Creek, and Lower Settlement, near
the Atkiu River, all in North Carolina, and particularly for unsettled ministers
or candidates.
A supplication from the Presbyterian congregation in Kent, in Maryland,
was brought in and read, requesting to be dismissed from Lewestown Presby-
tery. The Synod judge it is not expedient to grant this request; but order
that the Presbytery of New Castle assist their brethren of Lewestown in sup-
plying that congregation as much as possible.
Supplications were brought in from the Presbyteries of Lewestown, Done-
gall, and Hanover, for candidates, or unsettled ministers, to be sent to them.
Adjourned till ten o'clock on Monday morning.. Concluded with prayer.
1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 311
Ibth day, ten o'clock, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Francis Gardner liad leave to go home.
The answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries deferred.
Mr. Caldwell is appointed to supply tlie southern vacancies, particularly
those in Carolina, who now supplicate us ; and to go thither as soon as possible :
and the clerk is ordered to give hiiu a recommendation.
Mr. Hunt is appointed to supply the vacancies in Virginia, particularly the
Northern Neck.
A letter from the convention of the Episcopal Clergy, now in this city, to
the Synod, was brought in and read, complaining of a number of our body
for interfering in the settlement of Mr. McClenaghan in the city of Philadel-
phia, together with a letter wrote to the Archbishop of Canterbury on this
subject.
The consideration of this affair deferred till next sederunt.
It was overtured that an address to his majesty should be presented by this
Synod. Dr. x^lison, Messrs. Bostwick, Caleb Smith, and Rodgers, are ap-
pointed a committee to draw up said address, and bring it in to-morrow
morning.
The queries relating to marriage were taken under consideration, and after
some conversation on them, further deferred till next sederunt.
The remainder of our last sederunfs minutes deferred till our next.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three dchch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui sujyra.
The complaint of the Episcopal Clergy further deferred.
The affair of the Indian mission resumed.
The Synod taking this matter into serious consideration, judge that though
the mission among the Oneida Indians, overtured by Mr. Kirkpatrick, is a
matter of great importance, and which we would gladly favour, were it in our
power, yet, inasmuch as after all the inquiry we can make, no person can be
found to undertake said mission, nor can we in present circumstances raise a
sufficient supply for its support, it is agreed that we will to the utmost of our
power, support Mr. Brainerd ; and for this purpose agree that another collec-
tion shall be raised in all our congregations, one hundred and fifty pounds of
which shall be allowed to Mr. Brainerd for the ensuing year ; and that those
who have not yet collected shall be included in this order, besides their fulfilling
the order of the last year's Synod on this subject. And Mr. Simon Horton is
appointed to notify the Presbytery of Suffolk of this determination.
Mr. Rodgers to supply at Neshaminy the fourth Sabbath instant; Mr. Clark
the first of June ; Dr. Alison the second of June ; Mr. Williamson the third ;
Mr. Treat the fourth; Mr. Sampson Smith the first of July; Dr. Alison the
second; Mr. Williamson the third; Mr. Treat the fourth ; Mr. Latta the first
of August; Mr. Blair the second; Mr. Ewing the third; Mr. Treat the
fourth; Mr. Carmicliael the fifth; Mr. Kirkpatrick the first of September;
Mr. McDowell the second; Mr. Treat the third; Mr. McKnight the fourth ;
Mr. Thane the first of October; Mr. Martin the second; Mr. Treat the third;
Mr. Chesnut the fourth ; and Mr. Latta the first of November.
An appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery of New York, entered by
Mr. Kettletas, was read. The minutes of the Presbytery were also read, and
their reasons in support of their judgment.
It is agreed that 3Icssrs. William Tennent, Hunter, Treat, Dr. Alison,
312 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1761.
Samuel Finly, McKnight, Read, Ewing, Hait, Hector Alison, McDowell,
Sampson Smith, Ramsey, and Rodgers, be a committee to determine this
matter, to meet at Princeton on the last Tuesday of September, at ten o'clock
in the morning ; seven to be a quorum, and that the clerk notify Mr. Kettletas
of this appointment.
The cases of conscience respecting marriage were resumed, and after the
most mature deliberation, the Synod judge as follows : That as the Levitical
law, enforced also by the civil laws of the land, is the only rule by which we
are to judge of marriages, whoever marry within the degrees of consanguinity
or affinity forbidden therein, act unlawfully, and have no right to the distin-
guishing privileges of the churches ; and as the marriages in question appear
to be within the prohibited degrees, they are to be accounted unlawful, and the
persons suspended from special communion while they continue in this rela-
tion.
Adjourned till six o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Qth dai/, six o'clock, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The complaint of the Episcopal clergy came to be considered, and Messrs.
McDowell, Caleb Smith, Samuel Finly, Wilson, Hector Alison, being ap-
pointed a committee to draw up a minute on this subject, brought it in, and is
as follows :
The Synod would be sorry that any occasion of difference should arise be-
tween us and that church, and are of opinion that the brethren mentioned acted
without due consideration and improperly in that affair, and particularly for
the induction of Mr. McClanaghan to this city; for induction in a legal sense is
what we disapprove as contrary to our principles. But the members com-
plained of declare as follows, viz : That by induction they did not mean a
forcible obtrusion of a minister upon the people against their will, which their
principles as Presbyterians would never allow them to propose ; but only the
Archbishop's influence in settling the gentleman in question, with the consent
of the majority of said congregation, which they understood was the true state
of the case. And the Synod further think, these brethren should not lie under
the imputation of what is quoted from Mr. McClanaghan's letter, merely upon
liis doubtful insinuation, nor be put to the unusual task of clearing themselves
when there is no evidence against them, and we hope this will satisfy the
gentlemen who complain.*
Mr. Brainerd is now come.
A motion was made from Hanover in Virginia, earnestly requesting that
Mr. Joseph Treat should be appointed to visit that important congregation as
soon as possible, with a view to his settlement among them; the Synod ap-
prove the motion, and recommend it to Mr. Treat that he comply therewith,
and also to the Presbytery of New Brunswick to appoint him there without
delay.
The address to his majesty not yet brought in.
An overture was made by Dr. Alison, that an address should be presented
to his honour the governor of this province, in favour of the captives dispersed
» among the savages to the westward.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
* See Miller's Life of Rodgers, page 134, et seq.
1762.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 813
Three o'cloch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The overture respecting the examination of candidates about their religious
experiences, deferred till our next Synod.
The answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries in our last year's minutes,
and so often repeated, also deferred till our next Synod.
The appeal from Donegall Presbytery also deferred.
An overture was brought in by a number of the members of Philadelphia
Presbytery, that they might be set off as a distinct Presbytery -, this also de-
ferred.
Ordered, That the address to his majesty be finished by the committee, and
that Mr. Cross sign it as moderator.
Mr. Ewing is appointed clerk to sign the minute in answer to the Episcopal
clergy's letter.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at the first Pres-
byterian church in this city, at ten o'clock in the moruiug. Concluded with
prayer.
1763.
Philadelphia, May the lO^A, 1TG2.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia fiiet according to adjournment, at
the first Presbyterian church. Ubi post p>rcces sederunt
Of the Presbytery of Philadelphia : Messrs. Grilbert Tennent, Francis Ali-
son, Richard Treat, John Ewing, Andrew Hunter, William Ramsey, Daniel
Lawrence, John Simonton, John Brainerd, James Latta, John Clark, Benjamin
Chesnutt, Henry Martin, John Grifliths.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander McDowell, John Blair,
Charles Tennent, James Finly, William McKennan, John Carmichacl, Joha
Rodgers, and John Strain.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs, Azariah Horton, Alexander McWhorter,
and James Caldwell.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Finlcy,
James McCrea, Charles McKnight, Elihu Spencer, Benjamin liait, Joha
Hanna.
Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Smith, George Duffield, and John
Beard.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Moses Tuttle, John
Miller, Hugh Henry.
Of Hanover Presbytery : Mr. Hugh McCadcn.
Elders : Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Francis Brewster, Joseph Ogden, Daniel
Stilwell, Joseph Williams, John Grier, Thomas Armstrong, William Baniet,
James Robison, John Adams, John Little, David Ramsey, John Matthews,
John Hanna, Samuel Allen, Joseph Collins, Theophilus Alexander, William
Gallacher, Anthony Tate.
Absent : Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cross, Charles Bcatty,
and Nehemiah Grcenman.
Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Piersou, Timothy Jones, Jacob
Green, Caleb Smith, Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmore, Simon Horton, David
Bostwick, Benjamin Woodroff, John Smith, Chancey Graham, Euos Ayrcs,
John Mofi'at, Abner Brush, John 31altby, Hugh Knox, John Uorbey.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Kennedy, Lrael Reed,
Samuel Harker, Job Pruden, John Guild.
40
814 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1762
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Hutcliinson, Adam Boyd,
Andrew Sterling, Andrew Bay, Hector Alison, Daniel Thane.
Of Douegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Steel, John Elder, Samuel Thomson,
John Itoan, Joseph Tate, Sampson Smith, Eobert McMordie, John Hogg.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : Mr. John Harris.
Of Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Craighead, John Todd, John
Wright, Richard Zanchy, Robert Henry, John Craig, John Brown, Henry
Petillo, Alexander Millar, Samuel Black, James Hunt.
Absent, the whole Presbytery of Suffolk.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Elihu Spencer, the last year's moderator,
with a sermon from Acts xx. 28.
Mr. Brainerd was chosen moderator, and Mr. Dufficld clerk.
The reason of their absence from last Synod given by Messrs. Charles Ten-
Dent, Tnttle, Hanna, and McCaden, were sustained.
As Mr. Silas Leonard has not sent an answer to our letter, the clerk is or-
dered to write to him as soon as it can be done conveniently.
The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that since our last they have licensed
Mr. Samuel Magaw to preach the gospel; and the Presbytery of New Bruns-
wick report, that they have ordained since our last Messrs. Samuel Packhurst,
Joseph Treat, and William Mills, and have licensed Messrs. William Tennent,
jun'r. and Enoch Green. New York Presbytery, that they have ordained Mr.
Azael Roe. Lewes Presbytery, that they have ordained Mr. Joseph Montgo-
mery, who, with Mr. Samuel Packhurst, took their places as members.
On hearing these reports a question was proposed, whether it be proper to
ordain to the ministry, sine titido, except for some particular mission. The con-
sideration of which is deferred till our next sederunt.
Appointed as a committee of overtures, Messrs. Treat, Caldwell, McCrea,
3IcDowell, Robert Smith, Wilson, and Hunt, to meet to-morrow evening at the
first Presbyterian meeting-house in this city after six o'clock this day, and as
often afterwards as may be necessary.
The committee appointed last year to dispose of the money in the hands of
tbe treasurer of New Jersey college, for the education of poor pious young men
for the work of the ministry, not having prepared matters to lay before the
Synod, are continued a committee for that end the ensuing year, and are strictly
enjoined to bring in at our next meeting, an exact account of the disposal of
that money since the year 1758, and of the present state of that fund, for
which end they are appointed to meet at the time of the examination of candi-
dates for degrees at the New Jersey college this ensuing summer.
Mr. James Hunt is now come.
Appointed as a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, Messrs. Gil-
bert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John Millar, Wilson, President Fin-
ley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Robert Smith, William Tennent, Caleb Smith,
Guild, Azai'iah Horton, Rodgers, Spencer, and the moderator, with the follow-
ing Elders, Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Francis Brewster, William Barnet, and
James Ptobison, and that eight ministers, with the moderator, be a quorum ;
and that in case of the moderator's death or absence, the fii'st in the order of
the minute, who shall be present, be the moderator.
Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May the 20th, at nine, A. 31. Uhi post prcces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Tate, Roan, and Sampson Smith, and their elders, Messrs. Patrick
Campble, George Clingan, William Steel, are now come, and their reasons for
absence yesterday, sustained.
1762.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 315
Messrs. George Bryan, David Fulton, and Hugh Hamilton, elders, are now
come.
The clerk is appointed to write to the Presbytery of Sufft)lk, to know why
they were absent these three years past, and to let them know that the Synod
expect that they will at least send commissioners to attend their mectin"'.
The Synod order their Presbyteries more punctually to bring in thcTr Pres-
bytery books to be examined.
Mr. Samuel Harker and Mr. Kennedy are come, and their reasons for their
absence are sustained. Samuel Douglass, an elder, is come with Mr. Ken-
nedy.
Doctor Alison informs the Synod, that he has in his hands some money
allowed out of the German fund for supporting a school, of which he will "ive
an account before our Synod breaks up, or at our next Synodical mcetin'eces sederunt qui supra.
A request from the corporation for tlie relief of poor and distressed Presby-
terian ministers, &c. was brought in and read, which is as follows :
''Nov. 16, 1762. At a meeting of the corporation in this city it was agi-eed,
that this board appoint some of their members to wait on the Synod at their
next meeting, and in their name request that some missionaries be sent to
preach to the distressed frontier inhabitants, and to report their distresses, and
to let us know where new congregations are a forming, and what is necessary
to be done to promote the spread of the gospel among them, and that they in-
form us what opportunities there may be of preaching the gospel to the Indian
nations in their neighbourhood.
"And it is agreed that the necessary expenses of these missionaries be paid
by this board, and that Messrs. John Meas, Dr. Redman, William Humphreys,
George Bryans, Treat, Ewing, and the secretary, wait on the Synod, and
earnestly press them to grant this request."
In consequence of the above request the Synod appoint Messrs. Beatty and
Bi'ainerd to go on the aforesaid mission, as soon as they can conveniently, so
as to be able to return so as to make a report to the corporation at their next
general meeting in October. And that Messrs. William Tennent, sen., Mo-
Knight and Hunter, supply Mr. Brainerd's pulpit and take care of his con-
cerns among the Indians, and that Mr. Treat supply Mr. Beatty's pulpit once
every three Sabbaths. Mr. Chestnut is to supply at Barnegate and Mane-
hockin the first Sabbath of September.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
24?7i day, at nine d'cloch. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Beatty, whose absence is known, and the reasons sustained.)
As the Synod have the mission to the frontiers much at heart, therefore lest
it miscarry it is ordered, that if either Mr. Beatty or Mr. Brainerd fail of going,
Mr. Kirkpatrick shall go in the place of the person who fails.
The aft'air depending between some of the Presbytery of Donegall, and the
committee of the Synod that met at Chesnut Level, came under consideration ;
and after much time spent in debating the first report of the committee respect-
ing the evidence given by Margaret McCleland, it was put to the vote, whether
the Synod do approve the judgment of the committee or not, and it was carried
approve by a great majority.
The article relating to Agnes McKnight, who was not allowed by the com-
mittee to give her evidence was considered, and voted approve the conduct of
the committee or not; and there were ten nan liquets ; but the committee's
judgment was disapproved by a great majority.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, P. M. Post jveces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Ewing begged leave to protest against the last judgment of the Synod,
for the following reasons :
1. Because, whether Margaret McCleland first informed the mother or not,
it is certain she joined the other young woman, Agnes McKnight, in the report;
and they only are the raisers and propagators of that shocking defamation.
But, by the late judgment, a person deserving to sufi'er as a vile defamer and
a slanderer, may save herself by swearing that the person defamed is guilty.
It appears also by this decision that any such a reporter may prove his own
report upon oath, and so a person most deeply interested may by this single
1763.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 327
oath, without any other evidence, prove a criminal case, which is destructive of
all civil or religious societies, as it puts it in the power of any one malicious
or interested person to deprive others of life, character, or property, by only
saying that they are guilty, and then swearing it.
2. Because it is contrary to the express word of Grod, in many places, con-
cerning the number and qualifications of witnesses; such as Deut. xix. 15,
" one witness shall not rise up (or be established) against a man for any iniquity,
or for any sin, in any sin that he sinneth : at the mouth of two witnesses or
at the mouth of three witnesses shall every matter be established." Sec also
1 Tim. V. 19, ''against an elder receive not an accusation but before two or
three witnesses." So Num. iii. 17; Matt, xviii. 16; Jon. viii. 17; 2 Cor.
xiii. 1. Now ]Margaret McCleland is adduced to prove some rudeness or im-
modesty offered to herself by an elder, or minister, as appears from the minutes
of the Presbytery of Douegall, taken in conjunction with the minutes of the
committee, who say that she looks on herself to have been unduly treated ou
the night of the diversion.
3. Because the admission of such single or interested evidences is contrary
to the judgment of our best divines, as Willard on the Ninth Com. Ames de
Conscientia, and many more. It is against the law of nature and the sacred
rights of mankind in the judgment of all our moralists, as Hutcheson, Puftcn-
dorf, Carmichael, Grotius, &c. and contrary to the laws and customs of all civil-
ized nations. See, on this topic, Justinian's Code; the Law of Evidences,
page 121, 126; Hawkins' Pleas, page 256; Viner's Abridgment, page 247.
So the admission of such evidences is contrary to the reason and common sense
of mankind, and dishonourable to this body.
4. Because civil courts require witnesses to swear that they arc disinterested
in the issue of the cause. See Cook. Littleton. And our Church rules also
require that witnesses swear themselves free of bribery, malice, and party coun-
sel, before they are admitted to bear testimony, which Jlargaret McCleland
cannot safely do, and therefore should not be admitted. And it is a manifest
inconsistency, both in the Syiiod and in the committee, to determine to admit
her evidence before such an oath is tendered to her.
5. Because the gospel requires, that, in case of private offence, the offender
be dealt with privately, then before witnesses, and lastly before the Church,
if the former fails. Now if a person, in opposition to our Saviour's direction,
spreads horrid defamations and scandal, without either speaking to the person
offending, or relating it to a proper judicature at first, such a person cannot be
accounted afterwards simply an informer, but a gross defamer, be the matter
true or false, and therefore unworthy to bear testimony either in their own
case or any other, until he or she reforms; and this appears to be the present
case.
Therefore, I cannot but protest against such procedure wherever it happens
for the exoneration of mine own conscience, and declare that I think it would
be criminal in me to pay any regard or submission to any sentence that may
hereafter be passed by any of our judicatures upon such evidence as has been
herein specified. John Ewinq.
Upon hearing what Mr. Ewing has now given in as the reasons of his pro-
test against the preceding votes, the Synod think fit to declare, that they appre-
hend they had a view of the matter different from his, inasmuch as they did
not at all design to judge of the merits of the case, or how far one or more
evidences should conclude in any afiair depending before the judicature; but
only determined in the particular instances mentioned, that for aught any thing
advanced by the Presbytery or the committee, those persons should have been
admitted to give in their testimony.
(
328 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1763.
The committee for bringing in the report on Mr. Harker's book, report that
they are not yet pi-epared.
The aiFair depending between some of the members of the Presbytery of
Donegall and the committee of the Synod was further considered, and both par-
ties were heard and their minutes were read with great attention, and the de-
termination thereof is deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
2oth day, at nine o^cloch, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod proceeded to consider the affair of the committee, and the appeal
of some members of the Presbytery of Donegall from their judgment, and after
mature consideration thereof they agreed nemine contradicente, in the follow-
ing judgment :
1. That the committee had a proper right and authority to hear and try the
case between Elizabeth McCleland and Mr. Sampson Smith, so far as the Pres-
bytery had closed their judgment thereupon.
2. The Synod judge that the committee justly disapproved the conduct of
the Presbytery in the manner of taking evidences by question and answer, re-
specting the afiiiir of Tuesday night; judging that every proper method should
be taken to bring out the whole truth in the matter depending, which some-
times can best be done by way of narrative, and by requiring the witnesses to
tell the whole truth in relation thereto, as well as nothing but the truth.
3. That the Synod do approve the judgment of the committee with respect
to Jean Richey's being admitted as an evidence.
4. That as to the judgment of the committee with respect to William Richey
and Mrs. Thorns, the Synod do not determine any thing positively concerning
them, but refer the decision thereof to the committee to be appointed to sit on
the whole affair.
5. Therefore the Synod do re-appoint the same members to be a committee,
who met last year in Chestnut Level, with full power and authority to begin
and examine the whole affair between Mr. Smith and Elizabeth McCleland,
de novo, and issue and determine the same as they think proper ; provided,
always, that they reject not such evidences upon such grounds as the Synod
have judged insufficient, and provided also they do not enter on the considera-
tion of any particular instances of charge not yet specified. But this proviso
is by no means to restrict the committee from receiving and admitting any new
evidence offered for the support of the particular instances of the charge al-
ready brought, or in point of defence. And the Synod do appoint said com-
mittee to meet at Little Britain meeting-house, at ten o'clock, A. M. the last
Wednesday of July next, for this purpose, that six be a quorum, and that the
clerk give the parties notice of the matter to be issued, with the time and place
of meeting, and summonses for the evidences.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Harker's affair came under consideration, and the Synod heard the com-
mittee's report respecting his principles collected from his book, and the par-
ticular passages which they apprehended were expressive of these principles,
were read.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1763.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 329
26th dai/, nine o'chcJc, A. M. Post preces sedenint qui supra.
A supplication was brought in from Hanover in Virginia, for supplies, to
whicli Mr. Todd added a mure general request, for young men to supply in the
bounds of Hanover Presbytery. Mr. Miller also applied for supplies in the
bounds of Lewes Presbytery; and Mr. Duffield made the same request fwr the
west side of Susquehanna in the bounds of Doncgall Presbytery.
In consequence of these applications, the Synod appointed Mr. Green to "O
as soon as he can into the bounds of Lewes Presbytery and supply there two
months, and in his return he is to supply in the bounds of New Castle a
month or six weeks, as it may suit his circumstances. Messrs. William Ten-
uent, jun'r. and Jacob Ker, are appointed as soon as they can, to go and sup-
ply in the bounds and under the direction of Hanover Presbytery six months
at least.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
TJure o'clock) P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod proceeded to consider Mr. Harker's principles collected from his
book by the committee, which are in substance as follows :
1. That the covenant of grace is in such a sense conditional, that fallen
mankind in their unregenerate state, by the general assistance given to all
under the gospel, have a sufficient ability to fulfil the conditions thereof, and
so, by their own endeavours to ensure to themselves regenerating grace and
all saving blessings.
2. That God has bound himself by promise to give them regenerating grace
upon their fulfilling what he, (Mr. Harker,) calls the direct conditions of ob-
taining it, and upon the whole, makes a certain and an infallible connection
between their endeavours and the aforesaid blessings.
3. That God's prescience of future events, is previous to and not dependent
on his decrees, that his decrees have no influence on his own conduct, and that
the foresight of faith was the ground of the decree of election.
It is further observed, that he often uses inaccurate, unintelligible, and dan-
gerous modes of expression, that tend to lead people into false notions in
several important matters, as that Adam was the federal father of his posterity
in the second covenant as well as in the first ; that the regenerate are not in a
state of probation for heaven, and several such like.
The Synod judge that these principles are of a hurtful and a dangerous ten-
dency, giving a false view of the covenant of grace, perverting it into a new
modelled covenant of works, and misrepresent the doctrine of the divine de-
crees as held by the best Pveformed churches, and in fine, arc contrary to the
word of God and our approved standards of doctrine. The Synod called in
Mr. Harker and questioned him in many particulars, and the further considera-
tion of his affair is deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
27 th day, at nine o'chcJc, A. 31. Post preccs sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Carmichael and Green, who went away without leave.)
Mr. Harker's affair was resumed, and the Synod, upon mature deliberation,
came to the following judgment, viz :
The Synod considering that Mr. Harker has for several years been dealt
with in the tenderest manner, and much pains taken by his brethren in pri-
vate, and in the Presbytery to which he belongs, and by comniittees whivh
the Synod appointed to confer with him, in order to reclaim him from his erro-
42
330 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1763.
neous notions ; but that instead of succeeding in these attempts, he appeared
to be rather confirmed and resolute in propagating his opinions among the
people, by a variety of methods to the great scandal of the church, seducing
and perplexing the unwary and unstable : and as he has departed from the
truth, and opposed this church in some important articles, and misrepresented
the Church of Scotland, his doctrine and practice have a schismatical ten-
dency. On the vphole, though the exclusion of a member be grievous, yet
we judge that the said Mr. Samuel Marker cannot consistently be continued
a member of this body, and accordingly declare him disqualitied for preaching
or exercising his ministry in any congregation or vacancy under our care ;
and do hereby order, that all be duly warned not to receive his doctrines, nor
admit his ministrations, until it shall please God to convince him of his mis-
takes, and to bring him to the acknowledgment of the truth, and recover him
from the error of his ways.
Upon hearing the foregoing minute read, Mr. Harker requested a copy,
which the Synod ordered to be given him properly attested.
After some time Mr. Harker came in, and desired to be informed by the
Synod, what they designed by their determination respecting him as to its
nature and extent. The Synod were much divided in their opinions, but the
majority of the Synod returned the following answer : That as by our deter-
mination in the forenoon, he is declared disqualified for exercising any part of
the ministerial office in any of the congregations or vacancies under our care,
so by a parity of reason we judge him disqualified to exercise it any where
while he retains his present sentiments.
The Synod order Mr. Nathan Ker, and Mr. Lyon to go to Virginia as
soon as they can, and supply three months at least under the care of Hanover
Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
28<7t day, at nine d'doclc, A. M. Post preces sederunt gui suj)ra.
The committee appointed to examine the several Presbytery books brought
in their reports, which are as follow :
The Presbytery books of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia and Lewes
are approved. New York Presbytery book was approved, save some inac-
curacies and improprieties. And also New Castle Presbytery book, except-
ing one particular judgment respecting Pencader congregation, which judg-
ment the Synod have not sufficient light to approve or disapprove.
The members of Synod being few, and fatigued with close application to
business, agree that the affair respecting the second Philadelphia Presbytery
be deferred till next Synod, when the members are expected to be more gene-
rally present, and in a condition more deliberately to determine whether said
Presbytery shall be continued or dissolved.
The affair of ordaining ministers, sine tituJo, is referred to each Presbytery,
that their members may be prepared to discuss it next Synod.
An answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries, deferred till our next Synod,
and it is recommended to our Presbyteries to take copies of them, in order to
have them discussed.
]Mr. Duffield's appeal, in respect to a certain evidence in the affair at Chest-
nut Level, has been effectually determined in considering the affair of the com-
mittee and Ponegall Presbytery.
The appeal brought in by Messrs. Robert Smith, and Puffield, from a judg-
ment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting the ordination of elders, de-
ferred till next Synod.
A request was brought in from a Presbytery in New York government, to
17G3.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 331
the east of Nortli River, desiring to be incorporated with this Synod, and that
some members of the Presbyteries of New York and Suffolk, wliich are con-
tiguous, may be allowed to be joined with them in a Presbyterial capacity.
After several members of this body had given full satisfaction concerning
their characters, their good standing in the Churches, and that it was not from
any unbrotherly or unfriendly views, nor from any disaffection to the neigh-
bouring churches that they desired to unite with us, it is agreed to grant their
request, provided that they agree to adopt our Westminster Confession of
Faith and Catechisms, and engage to observe the Directory as a plan of wor-
ship, discipline, and government, according to the agreement of this Synod.
'Tis allowed that Mr. John Smith, and Mr. Chauncy Graham, join with
them; and from Suffolk Presbytery, Messrs. Samuel Sacket, and Eliphalet
Ball, and that they be called by the name of Dutchess County Presbytery ;
and that Mr. David Bostwick send them a copy of this minute, to let them
know our determination.
A supplication and an appeal from the second Presbyterian congregation in
Philadelphia, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting the
removal of Mr. Duffield, was brought in. This affair is deferred till three
o'clock, P. M. on Monday next.
Adjourned till Monday next, at ten, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
oOtJi day, at ten of the clocJc. Postpreces sedemnt qxd supra.
(Except Messrs. Tait and Brush, whose absence is excused.)
A query was brought in, in these words : '' As sundry members and congre-
gations within the bounds of our Synod, judge it most for their edification to
sing Dr. Watts's imitation of David's Psalms, does the Synod so far approve
said imitation of David's Psalms as to allow such ministers, and their congre-
gations, the liberty of using them ?"
As a great number of this body have never particularly considered Dr.
Watts's imitation, they are not prepared to give a full answer to the question.
Y"et as it is well approved by many of this body, the Synod have no objection
to the use of the said imitation by such ministers and congregations as incline
to use it, until the matter of psalmody be further considered. And it is recom-
mended to the members of this body to be prepared to give their sentiments
respecting this subject at our next meeting.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^ clock, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The supplication and appeal from the second Presbyterian congregation in
this city was read ; but as there appeared no commissioners from Carlisle and
the Big Spring to give the Synod light in this matter, the Synod cannot deter-
mine it at present. But as it appears that the congregations of Carlisle and the
Bif Spring never had the opportunity of being heard before the Presbytery of
Donegall, and that they, for this reason, have not had proper means of obtain-
ino- light suflScient to examine and determine this cause, the Synod remit the
affair to said Presbytery, and appoint them to meet at Carlisle, the last Wed-
nesday of June, to hear and determine the matter; and if the case must return
to the Synod either by appeal or reference, the moderator of the Presbytery
immediately inform the moderator of the Synod by a letter, that the commis-
sion of the Synod may be called.
Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent by the clerk to the session of
Carlisle and Big Spring.
A certain Andrew Mahaffey brought an appeal from a judgment of the Pres-
332 MINUTES OF TIIE SYNOD OF [1763.
bytery of Donegal!, confirming a judgment of the session of Chestnut Level.
The minutes of said session were read, and said Mahaftey fully heard. Upon
the whole, the Synod judge : 1. That inasmuch as Andrew MahafFey submitted
to the judgment of the session with respect to himself, that he ought not to
have been deprived of any church privileges because he disapproved of, and ap-
pealed from, the judgment in other instances. 2. That the Synod agree with
the session that there is not sufficient evidence to convict Andrew Boyd of the
crime he was charged with, yet it appears to this Synod by the depositions laid
bcfoi-e them, that the said Andrew Boyd used a very indecent and immodest
freedom with the wife of said Andrew Mahaffey, for which he ought to have
been censured by the session, and they are enjoined hereby to rebuke and ad-
monish him for the same. 3. That though the Synod are not clear that the
charge of perjury is to be fixed on said Andrew Mahaffey's wife, yet they are
clear that she is guilty of falsehoods and contradictions in what she has sworn
and afterwards declared in that affair, and therefore she ought to be debarred
from the distinguishing privileges of the church until the matter can be further
cleared, or she give proper evidence of repentance.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
31 day^ at nine o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication was brought into the Synod from the first congTegation of
West Nottingham, to be disannexed from the Presbytery of New Castle, and
to be united to the Presbytery of Donegall. In reasoning on this subject many
of the Synod were of the mind, having considered the situation of the congre-
gation, that it would not be expedient to set off said congregation as requested,
without setting off some other congregations and ministers in like manner j
therefore it was proposed that the other congregation of West Nottingham, the
congregation of Little Britain, with Mr. Hunt their minister elect, and Mr.
Strain, and his congregations, should be also set off, and it being put to the
vote, it was carried that all these congregations should be set off from the Pi'cs-
bytery of New Castle and annexed to the Presbytery of Donegall.
Adjourned till three of the o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
An appeal was brought in from a judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall
respecting the licensure of Mr. William Edmiston, in consequence whereof the
Synod heard the reasonings of both parties, and after a deliberate consideration
of what was offered, it was judged that the conduct of the Presbytery was not
to be approved in licensing that young gentleman, until the objections offered
against their proceedings to his licensure had been fully considered. The
Synod, with the consent of Donegall Presbytery, agree to refer the trial of
Mr. Edmiston' s affair to the committee, to meet at Little Britain, to be by
them issued, and that Messrs. Guild and Bay be joined to the said commit-
tee, to try all affairs to come before them, and that all parties be cited by
the clerk.
The society incorporated for the widows' fund, gave a commission to Messrs.
Treat, Finley, and Dr. Alison, to apply to the Synod, desiring that they ap-
point a committee to sit with them the first Tuesday of November, that they
may jointly consider on the return of the missionaries from the frontiers what
may be most proper to be done to promote the kingdom of Christ there, and
what sums may be necessary to defray their expenses, inasmuch as some of the
money under the care of this corporation is to be disposed of for such pious
uses, with the approbation of such a committee.
1764.] NEW YOKK AND PHILADELPHIA. 333
Messrs. Montgomery, Hunter, Kirkpatrick, Simonton, and Ramsey, are ap-
pointed a committee for this purpose.
The address to the king was read and approved.
Ordered, That it be signed by the moderator in the name of the Synod, and
directed to Dr. Samuel Chandler, in London, requesting that he and the hon-
ourable William Allen, Esquire, and Andrew Elliot, Esquire, both of this city
but now in London, and Dr. Avery, of London, and whoever else these gentle-
men think proper to join with them, wait on his majesty and present it in our
name.
The Rev. Mr. Gilbert Tennent labouring under bodily indisposition that ren-
ders him unable statedly to preach to his people, he, in conjunction with his
congregation, made application for supplies to his pulpit the ensuing summer.
The Synod appoint as follows : that Mr. Kirkpatrick supply the first Sabbath
of June; Mr. Treat the second; Mr. Treat, junior, the third and fourth; Mr.
Jacob Kerr the first, second, and third Sabbaths of July ; Mr. Hunter the
fourth ; and Mr. Ramsey the fifth ; Mr. Robert Smith the first, and Mr. Wil-
liam Tennent the second Sabbath of August; Mr. Rogers the third, and Mr.
Montgomery the fourth ; and Mr. Thompson the month of October.
Mr. Samuel Barker brought in a paper which was read, and the Synod did
not see any reason from what was there offered to alter their judgment.
At three o'clock, P. M. adjourned till the third Wednesday in May nest,
to meet at Elizabethtown, at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1764*
Elizabethtown, May IQth, 1764.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to appointment
at the first Presbyterian church in this town. Ubi post preces sederunt
Of Suffolk Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Thomas Lewis, Benjamin Tal-
mage, and William Mills.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Simon Horton,
Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones, Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin
W^oodrofi", Abner Brush, Alexander JNIcWhorter, Joseph Treat, James Cald-
well, Azael Roe, and Samuel Packhurst.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. William Tennent,
Samuel Finley, Elihu Spencer, Israel Read, John Guild, Enoch Green, Wil-
liam Tennent, jun'r.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery; The Rev. IMessrs. Richard Treat,
Charles Beatty, John Brainerd, Daniel Lawrence, and William Ramsey.
Of New Castle Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. John Rogers and John
Carmichael.
Of Donegall Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith and James
Hunt.
Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. Joseph Montgomery.
Elders : IMessrs. Elnathan Wilks, Gideon Hedges, Joseph Prudden, John
Oliver, Simon Ross, John Woodroff, Samuel Camp, Garret Noel, Samuel
W^oodroff, Joseph Kerr.
Ministers absent: Of Suffolk Presbytery: Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Syl-
vanus W' hite, Abner Reeve, Samuel Buel, Nehemiah Barker, James Brown,
Ezra Reeve, Closes Baldwin, Samson Occam, Thomas Payne.
Of New York Presbytery: Messrs. Jacob Green, John Darby, IMo-scs
Tuttle, John Mofi"at, Euos Ayrcs, Abraham Kettletas, John Maltby, Hugh
Knox. . , CI 1 T.-
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Charles McKnight; Samuel Ken-
334 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1764.
nedy, James McCrea, William Kirkpatrick, John Hannah, Job Prudden,
Benjamin Hait, Thomas Smith.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Andrew
Hunter, Nehemiah Greenman, John Clark, Benjamin Chesnut, and Joha
Griffith.
All the second Philadelphia Presbytery absent.
Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, John Blair, Alexander
McDowell, Andrew Sterling, Andrew Bay, James Finley, William McKennan,
and Alexander Hutchinson.
Of Donegall Presbytery : The Bev. Messrs. Samuel Thomson, John Steel,
John Elder, John Roan, Joseph Tate, Sampson Smith, Robert McMordie,
John Hogg, George Duffield, John Strain, and John Baird. |
Of Lewes Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, John Millar, Matthew
Wilson, and John Harris.
All the Presbytery of Hanover absent.
Mr. Beatty was chosen moderator, who, after having received a charge from
the last year's moderator respecting the discharge of his duty, took his place}
Mr. Caldwell was chosen clerk, and Mr. Montgomery assistant. |
The Synod was opened by. Mr. Rogers, the last year's moderator, by a ser-
mon from Acts xi. 24.
The Rev. Messrs. Charles Jeffrey Smith, and Benoni Bradner being present,
were desired to sit as correspondents.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with
prayer.
17th day, at nine 6'doch, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Thomas Smith now come and excused. The members are all ex-
cused who have given their reasons for their absence in times past.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that since our last Mr. Henry
Martin is deceased. The Presbytery of New Brunswick report, that since
our last they have ordained to the work of the ministry the Rev. Messrs.
Amos Thompson, Jacob Kerr, and Nathan Kerr, who being present took their
seats in the Synod ; and that they licensed Messrs. David Caldwell, Francis
Pepper, and John Roxburrow, to preach the gospel. The Presbytery of
New York report, that the Rev. Mr. David Bostwick is, since our last, re-
moved by death, and that they have received Mr. John Murray, a candidate
from Ireland, under their care. Suffolk Presbytery report, that since our last
they have admitted Mr. Thomas Pain as a member. New Castle Presbytery
report, that since our last the Rev. Mr. Thane is removed by death.
Appointed for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Messrs. Thomas Lewis,
Benjamin Talmage, William Tennent, Samuel Finley, Robert Smith, Azariah
Horton, Aaron Richards, Richard Treat, John Brainerd, John Rodgers.
Elders : Messrs. Samuel Woodroff, Joseph Kerr, Garret Noel, and John
Hannah, to meet to-morrow morning at eight o'clock, at this place, and as often
afterwards as they may think proper.
Messrs. Benjamin Woodroff, Robert Smith, and Joseph Treat, are ap-
pointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Brunswick. The Presbytery
of Donegall have not brought in their Presbytery book, notwithstanding re-
peated orders given for that purpose several years; the Synod highly blame
such delays and neglects, and appoint Messrs. Robert Smith, and James Hunt
to take particular care that the book be brought in next year, and that a copy
of this minute be sent to the Presbytery. Messrs. Read and Ramsey ap-
pointed to revise the Presbytery book of Suffolk. Messrs. William Tennent
and Spencer appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New York. The
1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 335
books of the first and second Philadelphia Presbytery, of New Castle, Han-
over, and Lewestown, not brought in.
Mr. Brush reports, he complied with the last Synod's order with respect to
Mr. Leonard, and further reports, that since that time Mr Leonard is dead.
The committee appointed to dispose of the interest money in the hands of
the treasurer of New Jersey college, appropriated to the education of the poor
and pious youth, report, that they met according to appointment, but their
minutes not being present, they are not able to give a particular account of the
matter. The Synod appoint Dr. Finley, with Messrs. William Tennent,
Guild, Brainerd, Blair, Kirkpatrick, Ewing, and the moderator, to be a com-
mittee to meet at Princeton the third Wednesday of August, to dispose of as
much of said money as shall be due at next commencement if there be
need.
The Synod appoint as their commission for the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John Miller, Wilson, Dr.
Finley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Ptobert Smith, William Tennent, Guild,
Azariah Horton, James Brown, Spencer, Brainerd, Hunter, McDowell, Jones,
Rodgers, with the moderator. And the following elders, Messrs. Samuel
Woodrofi^, Garret Noel, John Hannah, Joseph Kerr, Joseph Prudden, whereof
thirteen members, including the moderator, shall be a quorum, of which ten
shall be ministers ; and that in case of the moderator's death or absence, the
first in order of the minute remaining, have a power to call the commission and
preside.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^cloch, P. M. the Sjnod met according to adjournment, post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Dr. Alison and Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Cross, Treat, and Ewing, appointed
last year to be a committee to collect and put into the hands of the corporation,
for the relief, &c. the money formerly belonging the fund of the late Synod of
Philadelphia, not having made report, are appointed to comply with the order
by our next Synod, if not already done.
Ordered, That those who have made a collection for the Indian school and
mission, bring in the money to Mr. Brainerd before our next sederunt, and that
he lay the account before the Synod. The further consideration of the affair
referred to that time.
The Synod find that Mr. Joseph Treat's reasons for not going to Virginia,
were sustained by the Presbytery by which he was appointed.
The moderator and Mr. Brainerd were prevented from fulfilling the order of
the Synod in their mission to the frontiers, and the whole design of the mission
was entirely prostrated by the breaking out of the Indian war.
Mr. Hait is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner sustained.
Messrs. Enoch Green, William Tennent, jun'r, and Jacob Kerr, complied
with the appointments of our last Synod.
Whereas Messrs. Bead, Carmichael, and Enoch Green, left the Synod last
year without asking leave, the Synod cannot but disapprove of the same, and do
judge that such conduct in their members is contrary to the design, and de-
structive to the very nature of such judicatures, who are always to be supposed
to give leave when sufficient reasons are oifered.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
336 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1764.
18 day, nine o'clocJc, tlie Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The settlement of the Indian affairs with Mr. Brainerd, deferred till our next
sederunt.
Mr. Nathan Kerr's reasons for not complying with our last year's appoint-
ment, sustained.
The Presbytery to which Mr. Lyon belonged, rendered satisfactory reasons
for his not complying with the last Synod's appointment.
Mr. John Miller having left the Synod last year without leave, and not being
present now, the consideration of it is deferred till our next Synod.
The affair of Second Philadelphia Presbytery referred to this Synod, came
under consideration in the course of reading last year's minute, and after some
discourse upon the subject, they do not judge it expedient to determine at this
time whether said Presbytery be continued or not, but refer it to the next
Synod.
The question, Ought ministers to be ordained, sine titulo ? came under con-
sideration ; and after the several Presbyteries had delivered their sentiments,
and every member had been called upon to speak to it, the Synod appoint
Messrs. Richard Treat, Rodgers, and Dr. Finley, a committee to draw up a
minute in answer to said question, and bring it in at our next sederunt.
Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Cross, Dr. Alison, Ewing, Richard Treat, Samuel
Finley, Rodgers, Brainerd, and the moderator, are appointed a committee of
correspondence with the American and foreign churches, for the ensuing year ;
and that they meet at Philadelphia the last Wednesday of July, at three
o'clock, P. M.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three dclock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The settlement of the Indian affairs with Mr. Brainerd further deferred.
The committee appointed to bring in a minute with respect to the question.
Ought ministers to be ordained sine tltido ? are come in ; and after considerable
deliberation, the affair is deferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
19 day, nine o'clock. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Pierson, who had leave to go away.)
The moderator being unexpectedly called away, Mr. Rodgers, the last year's
moderator, was desired to take the chair until his return.
The Indian affairs come under consideration, and Mr. Brainerd reports that
there has been paid into his hands the sum of twenty-eight pounds, nineteen
shillings, and four pence, provincial currency, which money, with other col-
lections that are, or may be put into his hands, the Synod order to be laid out
as in manner ordered last year, for the support of the Indian school, and that
the money allowed for the support of the master, shall not exceed fifty pounds,
provincial currency ; and further appoint, that a collection be made this year
also, through their bounds, for the support of said school ; and that each Pres-
bytery take care that said collection be duly made through their bounds, and
that they lay their accounts, regularly adjusted, before our next Synod.
And Mr. Brainerd further reports, that there appears to have been paid to
Mr. Occam, about the sum of thirty-four pounds, provincial currency.
1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA.^ 837
The Synod order that the interest of the money in the hands of the treasurer
of the College of New Jersey for Indian affairs, be given to Mr. Brainerd tlie
ensuing year.
The question, Ought ministers to be ordained sine tltulo? i. e. without rela-
tion, or probable view had, to a particular charge, resumed ; and, after further
deliberation, we judge as follows : That in ordinary cases, where churches are
properly regulated and organized, it is a practice highly inexpedient, and of
dangerous consequences, not to be allowed in our body except in some special
cases, as missions to the Indians, and some distant places that regularly apply
for ministers. But as the honour and reputation of the Synod is much inter-
ested in the conduct of Presbyteries in such special cases, it is judged, that
they should previously apply to the Synod and take their advice therein, unless
the cases require such haste as would necessarily prevent the benefit of such a
mission if delayed to the next session of Synod. In which cases the Presby-
teries shall report to the next Synod the state of the cases, and the reasons for
their conduct.
The third, fourth, and fifth queries in the Synod'sTDOok came under consider-
ation, and after considerable deliberation, we appoint Messrs. Samuel Finley,
Spencer, Tennent, Gruild, Montgomery, Hunt, Caldwell, Samuel Woodroff", and
the moderator, to prepare a minute and bring it in at the next sederunt.
Adjoui'ned till Slonday morning, at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
21st doT/, (en o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post jJreces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. John Hannah, Mr,. Smith's elder, who is gone home.)
The committee for preparing a minute upon the third, fourth, and fifth
queries, report they met but had not time to finish it.
Ordered, They bring it in at next sederunt.
An appeal of Messrs. Smith, Roan, and Duifield, from a judgment of the
Presbytery of Donegall, with respect to the ordination of elders, deferred till
next Synod, (all the parties not being present,) at which time they are ordered
to be present and prepared for trial, that the aifair may be issued.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
The committee for forming a minute in answer to the third, fourth, and
fifth queries in the Synod's book, made their report, and after deliberation and
free debate, we judge as follows :
In answer to the third query, the Synod judge, that any student in divinity
who professes a design to enter into the ministry, has a right in our present
situation, to study for his improvement, under the direction of any divine of
reputation in the Synod, according to a former act ; but that when he proposes
to enter upon trials, with a view to the ministry, he shall come under the care
of that Presbytery to which he most naturally belongs : And he shall be deemed
most naturally to belong to that Presbytery in whose bounds he has been
brought up, and lived for the most part, and where he is best known. But^ jf
another Presbytery desire that any student or students should come into their
bounds, or if any such student or students, for greater conveniency, or from any
circumstances that make it necessary, desire to enter upon trials in a difterent
Presbytery, upon his offering satisfactory reasons, he may be dismissed ; but in
either case, the Presbytery to which he removes shall not receive nor admit,
him to come under trials upon his having a certificate as a regular chureli
43
338 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1764.
member only, but he shall bring a testimonial from the Presbytery, or several
neighbouring ministers where he lived, recommending him as a candidate for
the ministry, of exemplary piety and holiness of conversation, nor shall any
thing less be esteemed a sufficient recommendation.
Messrs. Montgomery and Talmage dissent from the above judgment.
In answer to the fourth query we judge, that though every Christian so-
ciety should maintain communion with others as far as they can with a good
conscience, yet no society in order to maintain communion, is obliged to
adopt or imitate the irregularities and deficiencies of another, contrary to its
own established and approved rules of procedure. And if any society or
body of men are known to be of erroneous principles, or to be lax or negli-
gent as to the orthodoxy or piety of those they admit into the ministry, as we
apprehend to be the case of the New Light, in Ireland, and of some other par-
ticular judicatures and individual ministers who may, and in some places on
this continent, do convene together as a temporary judicature for the single
purpose of licensing, or ordaining a candidate : in such cases, none of our
Presbyteries are obliged to receive and employ in their bounds, as gospel
ministers or probationers, such persons, though producing fair certificates,
and professing to adopt our Confession. But if any ordained minister, or
candidate, comes well recommended by those on whose testimony we can
depend, such are to be gladly received upon their adopting our Confession,
and promising subjection in the Lord. (See this further explained in the
minutes of 1765.)
As to the fifth query, though the Synod entertains a high regard for the
Associated Churches of New England, yet we cannot but judge, that students
who go to them, or to any other than our own Presbyteries to obtain license,
in order to return and officiate among us, act very irregularly, and are not to
be approved or employed by our Presbyteries, as hereby we are deprived of
the right of trying and approving the qualifications of our own candidates ;
yet, if any case may happen wherein such a conduct may, in some circum-
stances be thought necessary, for the greater good of any congregation, it shall
be laid before the Presbytery to which the congregation belongs, and approved
of by them.
There is no report from the Presbytery of Dutchess county, whether they
have complied with thfe last year's order respecting them.
Messrs. Brush and Parkhurst are ordered to give them notice that they are
required to attend our next Synod, and give us an authentic account of their
forming according to our orders, and that they bring their minutes.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
22c? day, nine o'cloch, met according to adjournment. Post j^^eces sederunt
qui suj[)ra.
(Except Dr. Finley, and Messrs. K. Smith, Thomas Smith, and Bradner,
who had leave to go home.)
The question respecting psalmody came to be considered, and after much
discourse on the subject, the Synod do judge that they are not at present pre-
pared to give a final answer thereto, and that it is most for the edification of
the church to defer it to the next Synod. In the mean time we do confirm
the agreement of the last Synod, and allow those congregations who find it
most expedient to continue in the use of Dr. Watts's imitation till the matter
be further considered and determined.
The committee appointed to meet at Little Britain to try the appeals from
the judgment of Donegall Presbytery, with respect to Messrs. Sampson Smith
and William Edmiston, report that they met and formed the following judg-
ment. The further consideration of it deferred till next sederunt.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 339
Three o^lock, P. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to examine the several Presbyteries' books, broiu'ht
in their reports, which are as follows :
The Presbytery book of New Brunswick approved except some omissions.
The Presbytery book of New York approved except some few inaccuracies.
The Presbytery book of Suffolk approved since the time of the union of the
two Synods, except that they have neglected to record their candidates adopting
our public standards at licensure, though they inform us it is matter of constant
practice that they try and license at the same Presbytery, and in one instance
ordained without previous trial or licensure; and that they license for a certain
time. Of all which we highly disapprove.
The judgment of the committee which met at Little Britain ao-ain consid-
ered. And after mature deliberation, though we do not doubt the committee
acted with the utmost integrity, nevertheless we judge, the censure they in-
flicted on Mr. Sampson Smith was not adequate to the crimes stated in their
judgment.
Messrs. Lewis, Talmagc and Weeks, Mr. Lewis's elder, have leave to go
home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2Zd day, nine o'cloch, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
The committee appointed to meet the corporation for the relief, &c. report,
that they met, but as our missionaries did not go to the frontiers there was no
money to be disposed of, and they had nothing to do.
The Synod not fully understanding the state of the case with respect to the
money in the hands of the corporation to be disposed of for pious uses in con-
junction with the Synod's committee, we appoint Messrs. Brainerd, Spence,
Ramsey, and Montgomery, a committee to inspect into the state of that affair
and lay it before our next Synod.
The address to the king was presented, and we hear was most graciously
received.
The appointments for Mr. Gilbert Tennent's congregation were substantially
fulfilled.
Several supplications from North Carolina were presented by the committee
of bills and overtures, earnestly praying for supplies, which were read and
urged with several verbal relations representing the state of that country. In
consequence thereof, Mr. Charles Jef. Smith, a correspondent with this Synod,
informed us, that he intended to undertake a journey to the southward, in
which we greatly rejoice, and appoint Mr. Smith to spend as much time as
he conveniently can before our next Synod under the direction of the Hanover
Presbytery.
As the Presbytery of New Brunswick have appointed Mr. Amos Thomp-
son to supply for some time in Loudon county, Virginia, after said appoint-
ment is fulfilled, we recommend it to Mr. Thompson to supply under the di-
rection of Hanover Presbytery till next Synod. Mr. David Caldwell, a can-
didate of New Brunswick Presbytery, is appointed to go as soon as possible,
but not to defer it longer than next fall, and supply under the direction of the
Hanover Presbytery till next Synod. The clerk ordered to give attested
copies to these gentlemen of these our orders.
The Synod more particularly considering the state of many congregations
340 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1764.
to the southward, and particularly North Carolina, and the great importance
of having those congregations properly organized, appoint the Rev. Messrs.
Elihu Spencer and Alexander McWhorter, to go as our missionaries for that
purpose; that they form societies, help them in adjusting their bounds, ordain
elders, administer sealing ordinances, instruct the people in discipline, and
finally direct them in their after conduct, particularly in what manner they shall
proceed to obtain the stated ministry, and whatever else may appear useful or
necessary for those churches and the future settlement of the gospel among
them. And also, that they assure those people wherever they go, that this
Synod has their interest much at heart, and will neglect no opportunities of
affording them proper candidates and supplies to the utmost of our power.
Ordered, that the clerk give said missionaries an attested copy of this minute,
and proper testimonials signed by the moderator and clerk. And that these
brethren may not suffer by so long and expensive a journey, the Synod agree
to defray their expenses and make them a proper acknowledgment for the
damages they may sustain in their domestic affairs; and for this purpose a
coll-ection is ordered through our bounds, and each Presbytery required to see
it be duly observed.
Mr. Mills is ordered to supply Mr. McWhorter's pulpit three Sabbaths,
and the Presbytery of New York the remainder of the time during Mr.
McWhorter's absence. And the Presbytery of New Brunswick ordered to
supply Mr. Spencer's pulpit during his absence.
A request was made from the first Philadelphia Presbytery, also from Mr.
Gilbert Tennent and his congregation, praying supplies for said congregation
till November. We accordingly appoint the Rev. Mr. Brainerd to supply
there the first Sabbath in June, Mr. Enoch Green the second, Mr. Richai-d
Treat the third, Mr. William Tennent, jun'r. the fourth and first in July, Mr.
Murray the second, third, fourth, and fifth ; Mr. Rodgers the first Sabbath of
August, Mr. Ramsey the second, Mr. Blair the third, Mr. Robert Smith the
fourth; Mr. Kirkpatrick the first Sabbath in September, Mr. Beatty the se-
cond, Mr. Richard Treat the third, Mr. Montgomery the fourth, Mr. Hunt the
fifth ; Mr. Duffield the first and second Sabbaths in October, Mr. Guild the
third, Mr. Kirkpatrick the fourth; and Mr. Lawrence the first Sabbath of
November.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31., met according to adjoti'rnmenf. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
A certain John Harris entered an appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery
of New Castle, respecting certain complaints exhibited by him and others
against the Rev. Mr. Andrew Bay. As this matter cannot be issued here we
appoint the Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, Roan, Elder, John Miller, Tate,
Samuel Thompson, Beatty, Ramsey, Kirkpatrick, Richard Treat, Montgo-
mery, Dulheld, and William Tennent, jun'r. a committee to hear and try the
merits of the cause, and to issue the whole affair, and to take what metliods
they may think proper thereto. And that they meet the first day of August,
at eleven o'clock, at Deer Creek meeting-house, and that Mr. Montgomery
open the committee. Ordered, that the moderator and as many of the mem-
bers of New Castle Presbytery as conveniently can, attend the committee.
The Synod considering the distressed condition of the frontiers, the calami-
ties of an Indian war, and the withholding the influences of the Divine Spirit
in a great degree from most of our churches, do agree to observe the second
Thursday of June throughout our bounds as a day of fasting and prayer, that
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 341
we may humble ourselves before Almighty God, deprecate his displeasure, and
implore the out-pouring of his Holy Spirit.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next, at ten o'clock, to meet at
the first Presbyterian church in Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.
17 G5.
Philadelphia, May \^th, 170,5.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjouruiueut.
Uhi post preces sederunt
Of the Presbytery of Hanover, the Rev. Mr. John Todd.
Of the Presbytery of Lewestown, the Rev. Messrs. John Miller, Matthew
Wilson, John Harris, Joseph Montgomery, and Jacob Ker.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle, the Rev. IMessrs. John Rogers, John
Blair, Adam Boyd, Alexander McDowal, William McKennan.
Of the Presbytery of Donegall, the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Tate, Robert Smith,
Sampson Smith.
Of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, the Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat,
Andrew Hunter, John Braiuerd, Charles Beatty, Daniel Lawrence, ]k'ujamiu
Chestnut, William Ramsey, John Griffith, John Clark.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, the Rev. Messrs. Robert Cross, Fran-
cis Alison, John Ewing, John Sinionton, James Latta.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, the Rev. Messrs. Samuel Finley, Elihu
Spencer, Benjamin Halt, William Kirkpatriek, John Hannah, Amos Thomp-
son, Enoch Green.
Of the Presbytery of New York, the Rev. Messrs. A. Horton, Benjamin
Woodroff, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph Treat, James Caldwell, Nathan Ker.
Of the Presbytery of Suffolk, the Rev. Messrs. Thomas Lewis and William
Mills.
Elders : Messrs. Gill, Belcher, Barker, John Maxfield, William Skirvin, Je-
rome Duchane, James Anderson, Hugh Wilson, John Wigton, John Walter,
John Wallace, Thomas jMcKean, William Allen, Nehemiah Baldwin, Garret
Noel, Samuel \Voodroff, Joseph Akin.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Guild, McKnight, McCrea,
Reed, William Tennent, Job Prudden, Thomas Smith.
Of Suffolk Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Prime, White, Buel, Barker, Brown,
Talmage, Paine, Reeve, Occum, and Goldsmith
Of Donegall Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Elder, Thompson, Steel, Rowan,
Hogg, Duffield, Strain, McMordic, Beard, Hunt.
Of Hanover Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Black, Craig, Brown, Patillo,
McCadden, Waddel, Rice.
Of Lewes Presbytery, absent, Mr. Charles Tennent.
Of New York Presbytery, absent, 3Iessrs. Pierson, Jones, Green, Darby,
Richards, Roe, Elmure, Packhurst, Moffat, Brush, Tuttle, Peppard, Simon
Horton, Knox, and Malby.
Of New Castle Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Hutchinson, James Finley, Car-
michael, and Sterling.
Of Philadelphia first Presbytery, Nehemiah Greenman.
The moderator opened the Synod with a sermon from Tit. iii. 8.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three dcloch, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. John Miller was chosen moderator, and, having received the usual
charge, took the chair.
Mr. John Ewing was chosen clerk, and Mr. Kirkpatriek for bis assistant.
842 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF
[1765.
The reasons of the absence of Messrs. Kirkpatrick, Hunter, Hannah, Ches-
nut, and of the whole second Presbytery of Philadelphia, and of Messrs. Boyd,
Blair, McDowal, Sampson Smith, Miller, Wilson, Harris, Todd, from our last
Synod, were sustained.
Mr. Bay was desired to give his reasons in writing to the Synod, for his ab-
sence since the year 1758, to-morrow morning.
Mr. Tate excused for not attending last year.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report that the Rev. Gilbert Tennent
is dead since our last.
The Presbytery of New Brunswick report, that they have ordained Messrs.
James Lyon and John Rosborough to the work of the ministry, and that they
have licensed Simon Williams.
The Presbytery of New York report, that they have ordained the Rev. Mr.
Francis Peppard to the work of the ministry ; and that the Rev. Mr. Enos
Airs is_ dead since our last; and that the Rev. Mr. Kettletas has withdrawn
from this body.
Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the min-
istry Mr. Benjamin Goldsmith.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have deposed Mr. Andrew Sterling
and licensed Mr. Samuel Blair.
Donegall Presbytery report, that they licensed Mr. Robert Cooper to preach
the gospel.
Lewes Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Alexander Huston,
•who, being present, took his seat in the Synod ; and that they have licensed
Mr. Thomas McCrackan.
_ Hanover Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. David Rice, and
licensed Mr. James Creswell.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they licensed Mr. James
Leng to preach the gospel in the year 1764.
The Synod appoints for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Messrs. Tate,
Todd, Wilson, Rodgers, Lawrence, Latta, Hoit, McWhorter, and Mills; Elders
John Maxwell, Nehemiah Baldwine, and John Wigton, to meet at six o'clock
to-morrow morning, and by adjournments, from time to time, at this house.
Ordered, That the Presbytery book of New Brunswick be examined by
Messrs. Caldwell and Beatty ; that of Donegall by Messrs. Ramsey and Blair ;
that of York by Messrs. Lewis and James Finley ; that of the second Presby-
tery of Philadelphia by Messrs. 3IcDowal and Horton.
The Presbytery books of Suffolk, Lewes, and Hanover, are not here.
The committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands of the trea-
surer of New Jersey College, appropriated for the education of poor and pious
youth, brought in a state of their accounts since the year 1758, which is as
follows :
1758, Nov. 23. Paid by the treasurer to Mr. William Tennent
for the use of Mr. Leslie, ...
For Mr. Carmichael,
1759, Nov. 23. To Mr. Carmichael,
1760, June 11. To President Davies, for the use of Mr. Blair,
1761, Aug. 3. To Mr. Rosborough, per order,
1762, May 25. To do. per order,
1763, Aug. 26. To Mr. Robert Cooper, per order, -
1764, July 5. To do. per order, -
Nov. 13. To Samuel Leak, per order, ....
£in 0
0
14 15
1
10 00
0
20 00
0
30 00
0
14 00
0
20 00
0
13 00
0
40 00
0
£174 15
1
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 843
Per Contra.
1758, Oct. By interest in hand, ^£27 15 1
1762, July 2. By cush returned by Mr. Leslie, - . lo 00 0
1765, Jiiu. 26. By do. per do. ... 12 00 0
Oct. By interest on the capital, £500, from Oct. 1758, ) -, o,. r,,. n
at 6 per cent, till Oct. 1764 ] ^^^ "^"^ ^'
Total credit, 232 15 1
Paid, 174 15 1
Balance, £58 00 0
The Synod appoint Dr. Finley and Messrs. William Tcnnent, John Guild,
Brainerd, Blair, Kirkpatrick, Ewing, Beatty, and Treat, to be a committee to
dispose of the balance of said fund, which may be in their hands September
next, and they are to meet at Princeton the third Tuesday of August next.
The Synod appoint for their commission the ensuing year, Messrs. Kichard
Treat, Dr. Alison, Beatty, Ewing, Dr. Finley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Bobert
Smith, William Tennent, Guild, Azarias Horton, Brown, Spencer, Brainerd,
Bodgers, Hunter, McDowal, and Jones, with the moderator; elders John Wal-
lace, Samuel WoodrofF, Garret Noel, Jei'ome Duchane, and John Maxwell ;
thirteen of whom, including the moderator, shall be a quorum ; but if the
moderator die, or be absent, the first on the roll mentioned in the minute, shall
have power to call the commission and to preside.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock. Concluded with
prayer.
\Qth May, at nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to their ad-
journment. Obi post 2^1'cccs sederunt qui suj)ra.
With the Rev. Mes.srs. William Tennent, Carmichael, Charles Tennent, Wil-
liam Tennent, jun., Beard, James Finley, Kowan, Strain, and Steel : eldcr.>
William McConkey, Walter Stewart, David Patten, Alexander McClure, Fran-
cis Alexander. Mr. Duffield was also present.
Mr. McMordie is come, and the reasons of his absence last year were sus-
tained.
Mr. Bay brought in the reasons of his absence from Synod since the j-ear
1758, and the Synod earnestly recommend it to him to be more punctual iu
future attendance upon the judicatures of this church.
The committee of correspondence with the foreign churches did no business
by reason of the few members attending.
The Synod appoint Dr. Alison, Dr. Finley, and Messrs. Treat, McDowal, and
Beatty, to prepare a plan of correspondence to be laid before the Synod as soon
as convenient.
The several Presbyteries are desired to lay before the Synod the account of
the money they have collected for the Indian school to-morrow afternoon.
Mr. Brainerd is appointed to receive the money in the hands of the trustees
of New Jersey College for Indian affairs for the ensuing year, as an addition to
his salary.
I^Ir. Caldwell fulfilled appointments under the direction of the Hanover Pres-
bytery.
Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter fulfilled their mission to the snufliward.
Mr. McWhorter's pulpit was supplied during his absence, and tiie I'rosbytcry
of Brunswick were satisfied with the care taken to supply Mr. Spencer's
people.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. 31. Concluded with prayer.
344 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1765.
At three ddoclc, P. M. the Synod met. Vli post i^reces sederunt qui
svpra.
With the Kev. Mr. John Elder, and Henry Knox, his elder.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison, Dr. Finley, and i\Iessrs. Treat, Beatty, Wallace,
and Woodroff, be a committee to converse with Mr. Spencer, and Mr. Mc
Whorter concerning the expenses of their mission, and make report to the
Synod to-morrow morning, that the Synod may be able to judge what they
should do further both for the said missionaries, and for the settlement of gospel
ministers in Carolina.
Messrs. Blair and McDowal are appointed to draw up an answer to the fourth
query under our consideration, to be submitted to the judgment of the Synod
to-morrow morning
The affair of Psalmody is next to be considered.
Mr. Hunt is now come, with his elder, Francis Armstrono-.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
i
Vlth of May, at nine dclock, A. 31. the Synod met. Uhi post preces sede-
runt qui su^jra.
Mr. G-ilbert Belcher Parker is gone home.
The committee appointed to converse with Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter
request time till Tuesday morning for further conversation with them.
The Synod finding some obscurity in the answer given last year to the
fourth query, (vid. p. 337,) they have agreed to explain it further in the fol-
lowing words :
It is undoubtedly the right of Presbyteries to converse with any probationer,
or minister from foreign parts, as far as they may find it necessary to give them
satisfaction, and not receive him implicitly on a certificate, however fair and
regular, together with his general profession of adopting the Westminster Con-
fession and Catechisms. But if such probationer, or minister, shall come from
a church or judicature generally suspected, or known to be erroneous, or lax
and negligent with respect to the moral conduct or piety of their candidates, or
members ; or if they shall come from any number of ministers who may con-
vene without any regular constitution, merely for the purpose of licensing or
ordaining particular persons; in that case a certificate from such a judicat'iire,
and such a general profession of the party's adopting the Confession of Faith,
is still less satisfactory, and renders it highly necessary for the Presbytery to
which application shall be made, to be more particular and exact in examining
the principles of such a probationer, or minister, before they admit him, or em-
ploy him in their bounds.
The afiliir of psalmody being resumed. Dr. Finley and Mr. McDowell are
appointed to draw up a minute relating to that affiiir, before our next.
An appeal from the judgment of Donegall Presbytery concerning the mode of
setting elders apart to their office came under consideration, and the Synod ap-
point the clerk to draw up a minute concerning it, to be laid before our Synod
at their next meeting.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, F. M. the Synod met. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra.
The clerk according to appointment brought in the following minute, which
was approved :
The Synod having heard the judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, in
April, 1761, concerning the mode of setting elders apart to their office in one
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 345
of the Presbyterian churches in Carlisle, together with the reasons of the ap-
peal to the Synod from said judgment, do, upon the whole, approve of the
Presbytery's judgment, and also of their caution to prevent any bad conse-
quences that might arise from a deviation from that mode which has been
commonly used in this church, and which is highly proper on such occasions,
althouirh we wish that they had expressed their caution in stronger terms,
We judge that the elders chosen at that time are clothed with sufficient autho-
rity to act in the office of elders in the church, as they actually acquiesced in
the election of the people, and in their appointment to the office ; and we
judge that the consent of the persons to undertake the office should be neces-
sarily obtained. And though it appears it was substantially obtained in the
present case, yet we are of opinion that it had been more eligible, and more
for the peace and edification of the church, if their public and explicit consent
to undertake and execute that office had been taken in the face of the congre-
gation. And we hope that the Presbytery will observe their own directions for
the future.
The account of money collected for the Indian school further deferred.
The committee according to appointment brought in a minute respecting
psalmody, which being read and amended, is as follows :
After some consideration of the query concerning the use of Dr. Watts's
imitation of the Psalms, the Synod judged it best, in present circumstances,
only to declare that they look on the inspired Psalms in Scripture, to be pro-
per matter to be sung in Divine worship, according to their original design
and the practice of the Christian churches, yet Avill not forbid those to use the
imitation of them whose judgment and inclination lead them to do so.
Mr. Adam Boyd had leave to go home.
A reference from the Presbytery of New Castle was brought into the Synod,
requesting them to give their judgment, whether the Piev. Mr. John Rodgers
should be removed to New York, agreeable to the call of that congregation.
After hearing what the commissioners, both from St. George's and from New
Y^'ork, had to offer on that occasion, the Synod adjourned till nine o'clock to-
morrow morning, and concluded with prayer.
ISth of May. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. William Tennent, senior, James Finley, Thomas Lewis, Nathan
Kerr, and William Tennent, junior, beg leave to enter their dissent from the
judgment of the Synod concerning the judgment of Donegall Presbytery with
respect to the setting elders apart for their office.
The affair of Mr. Ptodgers's removal to New York was resumed, and before
the Synod entered on the consideration thereof it was agreed unanimously,
solemnly to call on God by prayer for light and direction to issue this im-
portant affiiir. After the arguments for and against Mr. Rodgers' s removal
were heard fully, and with great attention, it was put to the vote, and carried
by a great majority, that he shall be removed ; and accordingly the Synod de-
clare, that his relation to the congregation of St. George's is dissolved ; and
they exhort that congregation to attend to the reasons and necessity hereof, and
to behave as Christians under this dispensation.
Dr. Finley and Mr. Harris have leave to go home.
Adjourned till ten o'clock, A. M., on Monday next. Concluded with
prayer.
2Qth of Maij, at ten o'clock, A. M. The Synod met. Post preces sederunt
qui supra.
Mr. John Montgomery, Mr. Steel's elder, is now come.
Ha?iDg considered the collection of money for the Indian school, it waa
44
346 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1765.
agreed to defer the final settlement of that business until the committee, ap-
pointed to converse with Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter, bring in their
report.
At the request of the Rev. Mr. Rodgers, and of the congregation of St.
George's, Mr. Spencer is appointed to supply that congregation four weeks
before Mr. Rodgers removes from them.
The committee for overtures introduced the following calls and supplica-
tions, viz. a call for the Rev. Mr. Spencer from Cathy's Settlement and Fourth
Creek, which was presented to him ; also a supplication for supplies from the
inhabitants of North Carolina, living between the waters of Yadkins and Ca-
tabaw Rivers, and particularly for the removal of Mr. Spencer and Mr.
McWhorter to settle among them ; and two other supplications from the con-
gregations of Bethel and Poplar Tent, in Mecklenburg county, in the same
colony, for supplies; a supplication was also brought in from the united con-
gregations of New Providence and the Six Mile Spring, in North Carolina,
for supplies, and the countenance of the Synod for settling gospel ministers
among them; another also, from Hawfield and Little River, in the same
colony, for supplies; likewise a supplication for supplies from Long Lanes, iu
South Carolina.
A call for the Rev. Mr. McWhorter from Hopewell and Centre congrega-
tions, in North Carolina, was brought in by the committee of overtures, but the
Synod apprehending that some other persons may be more conveniently sent
to North Carolina, did not present the call to him.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At thr^ee o'clock, P. 31., the Synod met. Uhi post preces sederunt qui
supra.
In consequence of sundry supplications from North Carolina for supplies,
the Synod appoint Messrs. Nathan Kerr, George Duffield, William Ramsey,
David Caldwell, James Latta, and Robert McMordie, to go there as soon as
they can conveniently, and each of them to tarry half a year in these vacant
congregations, as prudence may direct. And the moderator and clerk are or-
dered to give proper certificates to the aforesaid gentlemen ; and the respective
Presbyteries are to make provision for the pulpits of the settled ministers.
The Presbytery of Sufiblk are to supply Mr. Kerr's congregation four Sabbaths,
of which Mr. Mills is to notify the Presbytery.
A paper containing an appeal of the people of New Castle and Christine
Bridge, from a judgment of the Presbytery of New Castle respecting a call to
Mr. Magaw ; and a complaint against said Presbytery in that afi'air, was brought
in by the committee of overtures and read ; and having heard the minutes of
that Presbytery read, and what the commissioners had to ofier on that subject,
adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock.
Concluded with prayer.
21 dai/ of May, the Synod met at nine o^ clock. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
The afi'air of New Castle and Christine congregations resumed, and after
mature deliberation it was agreed, that Messrs. Montgomery, Wilson, and
Caldwell, be a committee to prepare an overture to be submitted to the judg-
ment of the Synod, to determine that afi'air at our next sederunt.
Adjourned till sis o'clock, A. M., to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 347
22t? dey of May, at six of the clock, A. 31. The Synod met. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The affair of New Castle and Christine Bridge resumed. The committee
which was appointed brought in an overture, which being read and conKidered,
•was approved, and is as follows :
All parties being long and patiently heard, the Synod on the whole do judge,
that the said Presbytery have acted a very cautious and Christian part in
making such a stand against bigotry and party spirit in these congregations,
and striving so long to prevent a breach of a solemn union stipulated between
these societies, and therefore cannot but highly disapprove and condemn the
indecent language of their appeal, and their bitter insinuations of injustice from
that our worthy Presbytery. And as it appears there was at least a very con-
siderable opposition made against presenting said call, the Presbytery might
prudently delay it with a view, if possible, to obtain a greater union in Mr.
Magaw, or some other person. However, as more light in the course of this
trial has been thi-own on that affair, than was given by the congregation to the
Presbytery, it now appears the call had better be presented to Mr. Magaw.
And as the Presbytery assure us that they never intended to meddle with the
civil property of their meeting-houses, even in the alternative proposed to these
societies, which was only for the sake of peace, we leave them to settle that
matter according to their own articles of union, and to determine the qualifica-
tions of their own voters, earnestly recommending it to both parties, in the
spirit of meekness, to compromise their own differences, to maintain their
union inviolable, and to follow the things which make for peace and edifi-
cation.
The collections for the Indian school came under consideration, and it is or-
dered that they who have made collections for that purpose pay the same to Mr.
Ewing, before to-morrow morning, of which he is to make a report.
Nathan Kerr has leave to go home.
Ordered, That Messrs. Brainerd, Ramsey, Spencer, and Montgomery, be a
committee to wait on the corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Pres-
byterian ministers, and their widows and children, at their next meeting, and to
request of them such papers as may serve to give any light to the Synod con-
cerning their power or right to concur with the corporation in the disposal of
any money that may be in their hands.
Mr. Lewis had leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M, Concluded with prayer.
At three o'chcJc, P. M. the Synod met. Uhi post preces sederunt qui svpra.
The Rev. Mr. John Leavit, from New England, being present, was desired
to sit as a correspondent. Dr. Finley is returned.
A petition was brought in by the committee of overtures from West Nottinof-
ham, complaining that they were aggrieved by a late order of the Synod which
removed them from the care of New Castle Presbytery, and put them under
the care of that of Donegall, inasmuch as the distance of the petitioners from
the most usual places of Donegall Presbytery's meeting, and the creeks and
rivers that lie between, greatly obstruct, and sometimes quite prevent their at-
tendance on the meeting of said Presbytery; and requesting to be put under
the care of New Castle Presbytery.
Their petition was granted, and said congregation is remitted to the care of
New Castle Presbytery as formerly.
A petition from the Presbytery of Donegall was brought into the Synod by
the committee of overtures, praying to be erected into two Presbyteries, or that
348 MINUTES OF THE SYXOD OF [1765.
the members added to tlie Donegall Presbytery, -when the Presbyteries were
new modelled, be ordered to return to their former judicatures.
An appeal was also brought in against the vote of the Presbytery authoriz-
ing this petition to the Synod.
After hearing the Presbytery and the appellants with great deliberation, ad-
journed till eight o'clock, A. M., to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
23c? of May, at eight o'clock, the Synod met. Uhi jjost preces sederunt qui
supra.
Messrs. Baldwin and Strain had leave to go home.
The petition of the Presbytery of Donegall, and the appeal of some members
were further considered, and it was agreed not to grant the petition.
The Synod having maturely considered the situatian of aftairs in the Presby-
tery of Donegall, agreed to erect the members of that Presbytery that live on
the western side of the river Susquehanna into a new Presbytery, together with
the Rev. Mr. Andrew Bay, by the name of the Presbytery of Carlisle ; and
appoint that the first meeting be at Philadelphia the 2od day of May, 1765 ;
and the remaining members are hereby annexed to the Presbytery of New
Castle.
An appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting
Messrs. Rowan and Edmiston was brought in by Mr. Edmiston, together with
a reference respecting the same aifair by the Presbytery of Donegall. Also
another appeal from a judgment of said Presbytery, was brought in by Mr.
McMordie. The Synod considering the impossibility of determining said af-
fairs at present, have appointed the following gentlemen a committee to issue
and determine both these matters, viz : Messrs. Beatty, Brainerd, Simonton,
Guild, Montgomery, Clark, Spencer, Kirkpatrick, Hait, Hannah, Grreen,
McKnight, and Ewing, to meet at Hanover on the first Wednesday of Septem-
ber next ; and that Mr. Ewing open the committee and that Mr. Elder give
citations for evidences. It is also appointed that Messrs. Kirkpatrick, Mont-
gomery, Beatty, Ewing, and Brainerd", be a committee to meet at Little Britain,
to examine what evidences Mr. Edmiston may produce to support the charges
brought against Mr. Rowan, and that both Messrs. Rowan and Edmiston attend
at that place on Friday the thirtieth of August ; and that the committee make
a report to the committee at Hanover, and that JMr. Hunt give citations to the
evidences to appear at the committee.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
At three o'clock, the Synod met. U hi post preces sederunt qui sujjra.
Mr. Baldwin, Mr. McWhorter's elder, had leave to go home.
The committee of the Synod appointed last year to meet at Deer Creek,
brought in their minutes which were read. And as Mr. Bay had appealed from
the judgment of that committee after he and all parties were fully heard in
their own defence; the Synod appoint Messrs. Wilson, Hunter, and Kirkpat-
rick, a committee to bring in a judgment on the conduct of the committee at
next sederunt.
Adjourned till eight o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
24 reces
sederunt qui supra.
The affair of uniting the two Philadelphia Presbyteries was again resumed,
and after some further discourse on the subject, it came to be voted whether
they should be continued separate or not, and it was carried in the affirmative.
Some members desired liberty to enter their dissent, which was granted. Their
dissent was brought in, and is as follows :
It is with very sensible regret and great reluctance, that we, whose names
are subscribed, declare in so strong a manner our disapprobation of the Reve-
rend Synod's determination, with respect to the continuance of the second Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia ; a step, we confess, ought not to be taken except in
matters of very great importance, and where justice, or the edification of the
church are plainly interested. But such we do not take the present case to be,
and therefore we do enter our dissent from the aforesaid determination :
Because,
1st. It carries in it the obvious appearance of disunion, and seems to indi-
cate a temper of a schismatical tendency, however it may be suppressed for the
present. It will also be likely to perpetuate party distinctions in reference to
candidates licensed by the respective Presbyteries.
2dly. While it is the sense of the Synod, that it is the duty of Presbyteries
to inquire into candidates' experimental acquaintance with religion, as a Scrip-
tural and rational means of obtaining satisfaction as to their qualification for
preaching the gospel, it involves the Synod in a self-contradiction to erect a
Presbytery who expressly refuses it ; and thus, this article of examination
shall, as to them, be laid aside, which tends to introduce a general neglect
thereof.
odly. While nothing is imposed upon persons in point of practice, which
they in their consciences judge sinful, and they are not restrained from doing
their duty, the rights of conscience are not violated, though (they being a mi-
nority,) a matter in judicature shall be carried against them by vote. There-
fore it is vain to urge the rights of conscience in such cases ; and for any to
signify that they will not be subject, even in such cases, to the regulations of
the Synod, but if contradicted will violently break oft', is to prefer the private
rights of individuals to the public rights, and will destroy all governing autho-
rity in the body.
4thly. It is a very bad precedent of most mischievous consequence, which
may be plead by others for the division of Presbyteries, and by that means
congregations now united may again be divided, and the regular formation of
new societies prevented or greatly marred.
William Tennent, Charles McKnight, John Blair, Andrew Bay, William
Tenuent, jun'r. Azel Roe, John Carraichael, Robert Smith, Jacob Kerr,
David Rose, Nathan Kerr, Simon Horton.
The committee appointed to prepare a plan of correspondence with foreign
churches, brought in one which is as follows :
356 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1766,
1. That the committee during the session of Sjnod bring in a copy of a
letter or letters to the churches, to be read and approved of by them.
2. That if there be occasion to write to any of the churches at any other
time, three at least of the committee shall prepare and send letters, copies of
which shall be laid before the Synod at their next meeting.
3. That letters received by the committee from any of the churches be an-
nually laid before the Synod, as well as the answers given to any of them.
4. That the churches with whom we shall correspond be Holland, Geneva,
Switzerland, the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland or their commis-
sion, the Synods of seceding ministers, the ministers in and about London, the
General Synod of Ireland, and ministers of Dublin, New England, and the
churches in South Carolina.
The Synod appoint Dr. Alison, Messrs, Richard Treat, Rodgers, Ewing,
McWhorter, Joseph Treat, Beatty, and V. Livingston, as a committee to cor-
respond with the foreign churches for the ensuing year, to meet this evening at
seven o'clock.
The address of the lay elders and gentlemen, proposed last year to the Synod,
was resumed, and a committee of Messrs. Blair, Kent, Caldwell, Dufl&eld, and
Bay, with elders, Messrs. Scudder, Ogden, Jackson, and Maxwell, were ap-
pointed to meet to-morrow morning at six o'clock, to prepare some overture
relative to this aifair.
From last year's minutes some affairs respecting Mr. Brainerd's mission to
the Indians, with some papers now received from him, were taken under con-
sideration ; and it is ordered, that what moneys have been collected last year
for this mission be put into the hands of Mr. Treat, jun'r. an account of which
he is desired to give the Synod to-morrow.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
P. M. three o'clock, the Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
A motion was made by Mr. Beard and Mr. Tate, for a review of last year's
minute respecting the new modelling of the late New Castle and Douegall
Presbyteries, which was taken under consideration ; and after hearing some
reasons offered by these members.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
3Iay 28^7i, A. M. nine o'cloch, the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post p)'>'eces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Montgomery and his elder have leave to go home.
Mr. Treat produced to Synod an account of moneys he received according to
an order of yesterday, which is deferred to further consideration.
The motion of Mr. Beard and Mr. Tate was resumed, and after these mem-
bers had been fully heard, as also I^Ir. Smith and Mr. Duffield, these four mem-
bers resigned what they thought was their right to judge in this affair, loft it
to the Synod and voluntarily withdrew. After some discourse on this matter,
it came to be voted whether the minute of last year on that affair should be
reversed with this limitation, that the Carlisle Presbytery should be con-
tinued in their present state : and it was carried in the negative by a great
majority.
Adjourned to three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 357
P. M. Three o'clock, the St/nod met according to aj^j^ointmcnt. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The disposal of the money in Mr. Treat's hands deferred.
Mr. Tate's and Mr. Beard's motion resumed, and after some reasonings oa
the subject, and some expedients proposed, it was voted whether Douegall
Presbytery as it existed before last Synod, (those members excepted who were
set ofl' to Carlisle Presbytery,) be erected into a Presbytery under the name of
Donegall Presbytery or not ; it was carried in the negative.
Another expedient proposed was, whether they be united to the second
Philadelphia Presbytery for a year, until the matter be further considered ; it
was voted in the negative by a great majority.
Some members hereupon begged leave to dissent and others to protest against
these votes and proceedings, and beg leave to bring in their reasons, which was
granted. Their reasons are as follow :
We are obliged, (though with grief,) to enter our dissent from, and declare
our protest against the conduct and votes of this judicature, in the affairs re-
specting the late Donegall Presbytery, for such reasons as these :
1st. Because our distressed brethren always declared a scruple of conscience
as the foundation of their petition and behaviour, viz : That they could not ia
conscience submit to the examination of the hearts or experiences of candidates
in the way voted by the Synod, as they esteemed it contrary to the word of God,
to common sense, and the uniform practice of the Protestant churches : conse-
quently whether well or ill informed, it was a matter which could not be voted
away.
2dly. Because it appeared very untender and unbrotherly to deny that these
members could be conscientious in the affair, when they declared they were so :
we cannot judge what matters will affect other men's consciences.
3dly. Because even the smallest matter, if imposed against the rights of
conscience, obliges the injured to leave the communion. To exclude men from
exercising the power of ordination, unless they submit to it in a way contrary
to their judgment is such an imposition. And therefore the schism in conse-
quence hereof, is to be attributed to the imposers and not to those who are
obliged to withdraw.
4thl3^ Because by the spirit of the plan of union, Presbyteries were not to
be joined unless for edification, but this modelling evidently tends to ruin and
destruction.
5thly. Because the Synod seem to act too arbitrary a part by forcing mem-
bers into any Presbytery without their own consent, and the consent of their
congregations.
Gthly. Because these violent and precipitate votes have rent the Church of
Christ, (alas too much divided already,) to the joy of our enemies, the grief
and distress of all sincere Christians, and the rej^roach of the Christian name ;
when only exchanging a member or two in two Presbyteries, might have pre-
vented the breach.
These reasons, together with those entered by two members against a judg-
ment of the last Synod, respecting the alteration of Presbyteries, prevail with
us to enter this our protest, whereby we exonerate our consciences in order to
continue in your communion, and declare before God and the world, that we
are free from all blame in this whole procedure.
Matthew Wilson, John Ewing, Patrick Alison, Francis Alison.
In consequence of the above votes, Mr. Joseph Tate and Mr. John Beard
brought in a declinature, which is as follows ;
358 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1766.
To the Ptev. Synod of New York and Philadelphia:
We, the subscribers, humbly beg leave to show, that though we much de-
sire to be in union and friendship with this reverend body, and would not
knowingly be the real authors of any discord in the church of Christ, yet the
determinations of the Synod consequent on our petition presented last year,
and again to this present meeting, seem so grievous and oppressive to us, and
threatening to the credit and interest of religion, that we find ourselves obliged
to declare to this llev. Synod, that we cannot submit to them, that we hereby
decline all authority and jurisdiction of this body, and that no judgment or deter-
mination thereof shall bind us, or affect our persons or ministry until these
differences of sentiment be removed by better light, and satisftictory means be
found to reconcile and unite us with this reverend body again. And as we
earnestly desire and pray for this, we reserve to ourselves, and expect the
liberty at any time, respectfully to offer such proposals as we may think likely
to answer that end, and upon our satisfying the Reverend Synod, or they us,
to return to our enjoyment of our privileges with them. And in the mean
time we shall endeavour to carry respectfully towards this lleverend Synod,
avoiding whatever might unnecessarily inflame unchristian passions, or tend to
hinder the influence of our brethren in their labours in the gospel, and expect
to be mutually treated by our brethren as ministers of Christ.
The reasons inducing us to this mournful step are principally such as
these :
1. That the determinations mentioned had not the least apparent tendency
to relieve, but seem rather calculated to inci'ease our grievances, and only to
suppress our complaints and influence in judicatures together.
2. We petitioned only for a thing lawful and often precedented in Presbyte-
rian Synods, and which was wisely requested by the Synod of New York, and
stipulated for in our plan of iiuion ; and yet we think ourselves hereupon
treated so untenderly, so arbitrarily, and so contrary to the love and friendship
that is expected by the distressed, that had the matter denied us even been of
little importance, yet it seems inconsistent with our duty and safety to own and
be subject to a jurisdiction so exercised.
3. We cannot but observe the proceedings of this reverend Synod in this
as well as in many other affairs, appear plainly calculated to bear down one
part of this united Synod, and suppress their influence contrary to the equality
and right of members, and to the natui'e and whole professed design of our
union.
We pray and crave that this our declinature, and these our reasons, be en-
tered in the records of this Syuod, earnestly wishing that the Lord may yet
rectify all hurtful mistakes and heal all discords among us ; and in the mean
time, as we cannot enjoy the benefit of the plan of union in peace, and accord-
ing to the true intent thereof, we declare ourselves to be the Presbytery of
Donegall, and members of the Synod of Philadelphia, as before the conjunction
of the two Synods.
Signed by us, in our own names and in the names of our brethren,
Joseph Tate,
John Beard.
The report of the committee appointed to consider the address of the lay
elders was brought in and is as follows :
The Synod taking into their serious consideration several matters suggested
to them in an address and representation from a number of lay elders and
others of the Presbyterian denomination, occasionally assembled at Philadel-
phia, do, after mature deliberation, look upon said affairs to be of much im-
portance, and deserving the strictest regard as very useful, salutary measures,
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 359
whereby many pernicious evils may be prevented and various great advantages
procured ; and accordingly order said regulations as now amended to be
entered in our minutes, and do most earnestly recommend to all congregations
under our care, the strict observation of the samej and the Synod appoint the
clerk to transmit, as soon as he conveniently can, a copy of this minute, to-
gether with a copy of said regulations, to the moderator of each Presbytery
ill our bounds, to be by said Presbyteries communicated to the people under
their care respectively, and that all proper pains be taken by each Presbytery
to have said measures put in execution, viz :
1st. That in every congregation a committee be appointed, who shall twice
in every year collect the minister's stipend, and lay his receipts before the
Presbytery preceding the Synod ; and at the same time, that ministers give an
account of their diligence in visiting and catechizing their people.
2d. The Synod recommends that a glebe, with a convenient house and neces-
sary improvements, be provided for every minister.
8d. That the church sessions and committees appointed, take special care of
their poor and distressed widows and orphans, and administer to them all the
relief and assistance they can.
4th. The Synod recommend to the church sessions and committees aforesaid,
that they endeavour by their advice and influence to prevent all unnecessary
lawsuits, and if possible to have all diiFerences of a civil nature decided by
arbitration.
5th. The Synod enjoin that exact registers of births, baptisms, marriages,
and burials, be regularly kept in each congregation.
6th. That special care be taken of the principles and characters of school-
masters, that they teach the Westminster Catechism and Psalmody ; and that
the ministers, church sessions, and foresaid committees, (where they consist-
ently can,) visit the schools and see these things be done ; and where schools
are composed of different denominations, that said committees and sessions
invite proper persons of said denominations, to join with them in such visi-
tations.
7th. That as the too great use of spirituous liquors at funerals in some parts
of the country, is risen to such an height as greatly to endanger the morals of
many, and is the cause of much scandal, the Synod earnestly enjoin, that the
several sessions and committees shall take the most effectual methods to cor-
rect these mischiefs, and discountenance by their example and influence all
approaches to such practices, and all ostentatious and expensive parades, so
inconsistent with such mortifying and distressing occasions.
8th. The Synod recommends, that every congregation endeavour to form
a society or societies, for the reformation of manners within their respective
bounds.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow.
3Iay 29, A. 31. nine o'clock. The Synod met according to aj)pointm€nt, and
post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the disposal of the money in the hands of Mr. Treat
deferred.
An overture in consequence of yesterday's votes respecting last Synod's
modelling Presbyteries, was brought in by Mr. Richard Treat and read : As
a good expedient for the peace of this body, and the satisfaction of the brethren
complaining, that the late Presbytery of Donegal! be restored to their former
state as before the last Synod, with the members settled within their bounds
since that time.
The Synod agreed to this overture, and accordingly we revive and restore
360 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1766.
tlie late Presbytery of Donegall, and appoint that their first meeting be at Car-
lisle the fourth Tuesday in June, 1766 ; and also, that the Presbytery of New
Castle be restored, with all the members since settled in their former bounds,
and to meet under that name, according to their last adjournments when under
the name of Lancaster; and that such candidates as have begun their trials in
the late Presbytery of Lancaster finish their trials with the Presbytery of New
Castle ; and the Synod likewise think it proper to take this opportunity to
declare, that though the dissatisfied brethren inform them, that from their ap-
prehensions, the acts of the Synod complained of were unconstitutional, and
that they thought it would be inconsistent to sit as members of their respective
Presbyteries, the Synod cannot see the consequence, yet as these brethren
appear to have acted according to their light, they pass no censure upon their
conduct, but still must exju-ess their censure, that they should have acted a part
so liable to be thought of an hurtful tendency.
Mr. Miller had leave to go home.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
P. 31., three o clock. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post jyreces
sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to examine New York Presbytery book made their
remarks, and the book is approved.
The consideration of the disposal of the money in the hands of Mr. Treat,
deferred.
Ordered, That an attested copy of the minutes relative to the request of
Messrs. Tate and Beard, be transmitted to them by the hands of Dr. Alison.
An appeal was brought in by the committee of overtures from a judgment
of the Suffolk Presbytery, and taken under consideration ; and, after hearing
the appellant and Presbytery, it was ordered that Messrs. Kodgers, Tennent,
Horton, Jones, McWhorter, Halt, Simon Horton, and Smith, be a committee
to meet, with each an elder, at Huntingdon, the first Wednesday in August,
to try and issue the whole affair; and Mr. Rodgers is appointed to open the
committee with a sermon.
Mr. Samuel Blair is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner, sus-
tained.
An overture was made by Dr. Alison, that an address should be made to
our Sovereign, on the joyful occasion of the repeal of the Stamp Act, and
thereby a confirmation of our liberties, at the same time proposing the copy
of such an address for examination; which was read and approved by the
Synod.
A call for the settlement of Mr. Kerr among them was brought in from
Steel Creek and New Providence, which was read.
Also a supplication for supplies from Long Canes, in South Carolina, was
read and laid on the table.
Another call also from Sugar Creek and Bocky River, for the Rev. Mr.
Nathan Kerr, was brought in and read.
A petition was also read from Bullock Creek, Turkey Creek, and Broad
River, for further supplies.
Also a supplication from Little River Settlement, in South Carolina; and
another from Briar Creek, in Georgia, for supplies, were read.
Another call for Mr. Kerr in this settlement was presented and read, from
the united congregation of Centre and Hopewell, in Carolina.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 361
May SOth, nine o'clock. The Synod met according to adjmirnment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
A motion was made that every member of this judicature take subscriptions,
or make collections as he shall find most expedient, in his concrreiration, or
the neighbouring vacancies, to raise a fund for the propagation and support of
the gospel in such parts as cannot otherwise enjoy it; which, after some dis-
course on the subject, was ordered accordingly. The subscriptions, or collec-
tions for which purpose, are to be laid before next Synod, by the moderator, or
clerk of each Presbytery ; and the several Presbyteries are hereby oi'dered to
see this determination put into execution.
The affair of Mr. Brainerd's school resumed.
The Synod resolve to support the Indian school under Mr. Brainerd's care,
and for that purpose order such members as have not this last year made collec-
tions, immediately to collect and transmit to the hands of Mr. Joseph Treat, or
Mr. Ewing, to be paid to Mr. Brainerd ; and that the money now in Mr. Treat's
hands be paid Mr. Brainerd as soon as possible, which sum appears to be twenty-
one pounds, sixteen shillings, and one penny.
Ordered, The several calls mentioned last sederunt be presented to Mr. Kerr,
to be by him considered and answered as soon as possible, which answers are to
be given in to the Presbytery of New York.
A motion was made that the address to his Majesty be transcribed in two fair
copies, to be sent different ways, and inclosed in a letter from this Synod to Dr.
Chandler, constituting him our agent to present our address j the expenses to
be paid by this body.
A memorial was presented by Mr. C. T. Smith, representing the necessity
and importance of sending some suitable missionaries to preach at Williams-
burg ; as also a supplication for supplies to be sent to Carolina, and that he
himself be authorized to itinerate again in those parts.
Also several members verbally supplicated that supplies be also sent to Wil-
mington and Newbern.
A motion was made in behalf of the second Philadelphia congregation, to
furnish them with supplies immediately.
A motion was also made in favour of Bladensburg, and Upper Marlborough,
in Maryland, to obtain them supplies.
Sufi'ulk Presbytery desired leave to ordain two candidates, Mr. Elam Potter,
and Mr. Isaac Lewes, sine tiftdo, in order to be sent to the southward when
they shall think it proper, which was granted.
The persons to be appointed to the southern mission, deferred.
Adjourned to three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
P. 31. tlirce o'clock. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
To comply with the many earnest supplications from North and South Caro-
lina, Virginia, and Georgia, the Synod, with their own consent, appoint Messrs.
Lewes, Caldwell, Chesnutt, and Bay, to go into these parts, as soon as possible,
and stay as long as they can in preaching the gospel, and administering the
sacraments in all those vacancies that have supplicated, and in others where
they may be invited, according to their discretion, and that they endeavour to
supply at Upper jMarlborough, and Bladensburg, as they go and return ; for
this purpose the moderator is appointed to give those members proper certifi-
cates.
The Synod gratefully accepts Mr. C. T. Smith's proposal, and authorizes him
46
362 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1766.
to itinerate through Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia, and especially to
preach in Williamsburg, if his health permits.
Mr. Brush is appointed to assist Mr. Brainerd in supplying the vacancies in
his neighbourhood.
Mr. Kirkpatrick is also appointed to go to Williamsburg, and also Mr. Mil-
lar, to supply each fourth Sabbatli at least, at their own discretion, and the re-
spective Presbyteries to supply their pulpits.
The supplication for supplies from second Philadelphia congregation consi-
dered, and th.e Synod appoints INJr. Pioe, the two last Sabbaths of June and
first of July ; Mr. Kerr tlae third Sabbath of July, and the three Sabbaths fol-
lowing ; Mr. Mills the second and third of September.
According to a former request of the corporation of the widows' fund for
missionaries to be sent to the frontiers of the province, the Synod appoint
Messrs. Beatty and Duffield to go together, the first of August next, and preach
at least two months in those parts, and do what else is best for the advance-
ment of religion, according to the instructions of the incorporation, as recorded
in the minutes of A. D. 1763 ; and that Mr. Duffield's pulpit be supplied by
Donegall Presbytery; and Mr. Beatty's be supplied by Mr. Brush, two Sab-
baths, and by New Castle Presbytery, three Sabbaths; and the fii-st Philadel-
phia Presbytery supply the other Sabbaths.
A pastoral letter was proposed, examined, and approved, and ordered to be
printed immediately, and to be dispersed among all our societies, which is as
follows :
"Dearly Beloved : — We think it our indispensable duty, not only in our par-
ticular charges, but in this united and more public capacity, to direct you to
some suitable reflections upon the late remarkable and merciful steps of Divine
Providence, and to inculcate a becoming improvement of an event, the most
interesting and important to the people of this continent. For not only in the
word of God should we attend to his Divine will, but also mark his hand in
that Providence by which he directs the course of human aff'airs with invaria-
ble wisdom and paternal goodness.
" The faithless French, and their savage allies, were lately the rod of Divine
displeasure for our many provocations. Under the calamities of war, and the
wasting i-avages of Indian cruelty, we were repeatedly brought to approach the
throne of grace, with solemn fasting and prayer; and thereby openly professed
our resolution to forsake the ways of sin, and turn unto the Lord. But, alas I
we rendered not to God according to the multitude of his tender mercies, for
no sooner was the rod removed, and the blessings of peace restored, but we be-
came more vain and dissolute than before.
" The Almighty thus provoked, permitted counsels of the most pernicious
tendency, both to Great Britain and her colonies. The imposition of unusual
taxes, a severe restriction of our trade, and an almost total stagnation of busi-
ness, threatened us with inevitable ruin. A long suspense, whether we should
be deprived of, or restored to, the peaceable enjoyment of the inestimable pri-
vilege of English liberty, filled every breast with the most painful anxiety. A
gloomy cloud thickened over our heads, ready to burst upon us in a desolating
storm. Had our gracious Sovereign, the present ministry, and the British Par-
liament been less wise, just, and good ; had they, instead of yielding to a spirit
of moderation, unhappily recurred to force, we shudder at the very thoughts of
the consequences. We cannot look down the precipice on the brink of which
we stood, without horror. We were not without reason apprehensive that
the tumultuous outrages, which in some places attended a determined opposi-
tion to the disrelished statute, might provoke the resentment of the British
legislature.
" When we reflect on the public ofiences of our land against heaven ; wheu
1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 363
•we think of tlie open disregard and violation of the holy Sabbath ; the neglect
of the ordinances of Divine worship, the abuse of gospel light and privileges,
the profane swearing and cursing, intemperance and luxury, the various scenes
of uncleanness and lasciviousness, the pride and vanity, and every other evil
so shamefully prevalent, what less could we expect than that an offended God
would have made the gathering tempest to break upon us, and plunged us and
our mother country in all the rueful calamities of a civil war? But how
astonishing is the long-suffering patience of Jehovah ! He has inclined the
hearts of many powerful friends to espouse our cause. He has given us to
experience the paternal tenderness of the best of kings, and the moderation of
the British Parliament. Our gracious God is our deliverer. He is making a
further trial of us. May his unmerited goodness lead us to repentance.
" We, therefore, call upon you, who are the dear people of our charge, not
only to acknowledge with joy and gratitude the general Providence of God,
but also thankfully to adore that particular Providence, wherein, upon special
occasions, he directs and controls the course of events by his immediate in-
fluence, and whereby he hath on the late interesting occasion, so signally ap-
peared for our protection. We call upon you constantly to reverence that
All-wise and Omnipotent Director and Disposer of events on whom we de-
pend for every mercy we enjoy, to be thankful to him for every instance of
prosperity, patient under every affliction, submissive to his wise disposals, and
obedient to all his holy precepts ; to awake to repentance, to consider your
ways, and to turn unto the Lord, through his Son Jesus Christ. Let every
one beware of adding to the common stock of guilt and iniquity. We beseech
and obtest you to be strict in observing the laws and ordinances of Jesus
Christ, to pay a sacred regard to his Sabbath, to reverence his holy name,
and adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour by good works. We pray you to
seek earnestly the saving knowledge of Christ, and the internal power and
spirit of religion. Thus may you hope for the continued kindness of a gra-
cious Providence, and this is the way to express your gratitude to the Father
of mercies for your late glorious deliverance. But persisting to grieve the
Holy Spirit, by a neglect of vital religion, and a continuance in sin, you will
Lave reason to dread that a holy God will punish you yet seven times more
for your iniquities.
" While we thus call upon you to fear God, you will not forget to honour
your king, and pay a due submission to his august parliament. Let this fresh
instance of royal clemency increase the ardour of your affection to the person,
family, and government, of our rightful and gracious sovereign. This you will
manifest by a cheerful and ready obedience to civil authority. A spirit of
liberty is highly laudable when under proper regulations, but we hope you
will carefully distinguish between liberty and licentiousness.
" We most earnestly recommend it to you to encourage and strengthen the
hands of government, to demonstrate on every proper occasion your undis-
sembled love for your mother country, and your attachment to her true interest,
so inseparably connected with our own.
" That thus you may become wise and good, as well as free and happy, and
that while you enjoy liberty, civil and religious, you may not be the servants
of sin and Satan, is the fervent prayer of those who watch for your souls, as
men who must give an account.
" Signed by order, Elihu Spencer, moderator, i
^'Presbyterian Church, at New York, May SQth, 1766."
A memorial presented by sundry members recommending to every minister
and congregation to erect societies for the reformation of manners and suppres-
sion of vice, was brought in and readj and after some deliberation, the Synod
364 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
judge it highly expedient and earnestly recommend it to all our members,
duly to attend to the memorial, (wliich we highly approve,) to explain the
necessity of such an affair to all their congregations, and use their utmost
influence to erect societies, according to the important design of the memori-
alists.
An overture was brought in to endeavour to obtain some correspondence
between this Synod and the cousociated churches in Connecticut. A copy of
a letter from this Synod to them was also read and approved, and the Rev.
Messrs. John Ewing, Patrick Alison, and the moderator, are desired to pre-
sent this letter and confer with our brethren on this affair. And in case it
shall seem meet to our reverend brethren to attend to this our proposal, so far
as to appoint commissioners from their body to meet with commissioners from
ours; we appoint the Rev. Dr. Alison, and the Eev. Messrs. Timothy Jones,
William Tennent, John Rodgers, Elisha Kent, John Smith, John Blair, and
Samuel Buel, to meet with them at such time and place as the reverend
brethren of Connecticut shall agree.
Mr. Rodgers is appointed to give the committee notice of what the associated
brethren will do relating to this affair.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Ramsey, Hunter, Kirkpatrick, and
Latta, to be a committee to meet with the corporation of the widows' fund.
For want of time fully to discuss the report of the committee appointed to
consider the address of the lay elders, it is deferred till next Synod.
The Synod adjourned to the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia, to
meet on the third Wednesday of May next, at ten o'clock, A. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1767.
PMladelpMa, May the 20th, 1767.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met at the second Presbyterian
church according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sederunt
Ministers : Messrs. Azariah Horton, John Rodgers, Benjamin Halt, Ben-
jamin Woodruff, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, William Mills,
Israel Reed, William Kirkpatrick, Enoch Grreen, Richard Treat, Andrew
Hunter, Charles Beatty, AVilliam Ramsey, Benjamin Chesnutt, John Clark,
John Ewing, Patrick Alison, John Blair, Elihu Spencer, Robert Smith, John
Miller, Matthew Wilson, Joseph Montgomery, Alexander Huston, Andrew
Bay, George Duffield, Alexander McDowell, James Finley, William Mc-
Kennan, James Hunt, Aaron Richards, Thomas Lewis, Francis Peppard,
Azel Roe, John Hanna, John Rosborough, John Slemons, Robert Cooper,
John Simonton, James Latta, John Roan. — i2.
Elders : Messrs. Thomas Jackson, Nathaniel Camp, Thomas Bourne, John
Reeves, Lazarus Pine, John Walker, Dr. Hugh Williamson, John Smith,
James Gilliland, William Hamilton, Mills Shankland, John Maxwell of Mary-
land, James Jack, John Maxwell of New Jersey, Francis Campbell, Benjamin
Junkin, John Greer, Richard Walker. — 18.
IMinisters absent : Messrs. John Pierson, Timothy Jones, Joseph Treat, Jona-
than Elmore, Abucr Brush, Abner Reeve, Simon Horton, Jacob Green, John
Darbe, Moses Tuttle, John Moffiit, Samuel Parkhurst, Nathan Kerr, John
Maltby, Hugh Knox, Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, James White, .James
Brown, Nehemiah Barker, Benjamin Talmage, Benjamin Goldsmith, David
Rose, Sampson Occam, Adam Boyd, John Carraichael, Charles Tennent,
William Tennent, James McCrea, John Guild, Charles McKnight, Samuel
Kennedy, Thomas Smith, Amos Thompson, James Lyon, Job Prudden. The
1767.] , NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA; 865
whole Presbytery of Dutchess county absent; and the whole Presbytery of
Hanover also ; of Donegall the Rev. Mr. John Hogg. — 37.
Last year's moderator opened the Synod by a sermon from Rev. ii. 10.
Mr. Hunter is chosen moderator for the ensuing year, who, after receiving
the usual charge from the last year's moderator, took the chair ; and Messrs.
Kirkpatriek and Ramsey were chosen clerks.
The reasons of the absence of the Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell, James
Finley, William McKennan, James Hunt, John Roan, Aaron Richards, Francis
Peppard, John Hauua, John Rosborough, and John Slemons, from our last
Synod, sustained.
Theophilus Alexander, Mr. Finley's elder, is now come.
New York Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Jedidiah Chap-
man to the work of the ministry since our last, who being present took his
seat ; and also that they have licensed Mr. James Tuttle.
Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Elam Potter and Mr.
John Close, who being present took their seats ; also, that Mr. Thomas Pain is
removed by death since our last.
Bethuel Pierson, Mr. Chapman's elder, is now come.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that Dr. Finley was removed by death on
the seventeenth of July last; and that they have licensed Mr. Alexander
Mitchell.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that the Rev. Mr. Robert
Cross was removed by death in the month of August last.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. John Mc-
Crery, James Boyd, John Craighead, Joseph Alexander, and William Forster.
That Mr. Samuel Blair was dismissed from their body, and has removed to
Boston since our last. That Mr. Alexander Hutchinson was removed by death
in the month of October, 1766.
The Synod appoints for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Messrs. Lewis,'
Hait, Reed, Beatty, Simouton, McKennan, Roan, and Miller ; and elders,
Messrs. Thomas Jackson, Thomas Bourne, John Maxwell of Maryland, and
Richard Walker, to meet to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and by adjourn-
ments from time to time, as occasion may require, during the present session.
New York Presbytery further report, that they have taken Mr. Thomas
Jackson, a licensed candidate from Scotland, under their care.
Mr. Montgomery and Mr. Duffield, are appointed a committee to examine
New Brunswick Presbytery book.
Mr. Robert Smith and Mr. Azariah Horton, are appointed a committee to
examine Philadelphia first Presbytery book.
Mr. Caldwell and Mr. Ramsey, are appointed a committee to examine Phila-
delphia second Presbytery book.
Mr. Rodgers and Mr. Mills are appointed a committee to examine Donegall
Presbytery book.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21st dot/, nine o'clock, A. M., the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui suj)ra.
Dr. Alison, and Messrs. Nehemiah Greenman, John Strain, and John
Griffith, are "now come, and the reasons of their coming no sooner, sustained ;
and their respective elders, John Johnson, Joseph Vanmeter, Hugh Whiteford.
and Abel Griffiths, are also come. Messrs. Samuel Buel and Jacob Kerr, are
also come, and the reasons of their coming no sooner, sustained.
The committee appointed for the disposing of the interest of the fund in the
hands of the treasurer of the college of New Jersey, for the education of pious
366 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
youth, report, that they disposed of the whole of the interest due from said
fund on the first of October last.
And the Synod appoint as a committee for disposing of said money for the
present year, Messrs. William Tennent, Guild, Brainerd, Kirkpatrick, Evving,
Beatty, Caldwell, and Reed, to meet for that purpose at Princeton on the third
Wednesday of August next, and that Mr. Kirkpatrick lay the minutes of the
proceedings of the several committees appointed on that business, before us at
our meeting next spring.
The Synod appoint for a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Messrs.
Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Buel, Azariah Horton, Jones, William Tennent,
Reed, Kirkpatrick, Beatty, Ewing, Spencer, Blair, Roan, Robert Smith, Miller,
and Montgomery, with the moderator 3 and elders, Messrs. Thomas Jackson,
Richard Walker, Dr. Williamson, and John Smith, thirteen of whom to be a
quorum ; but if the moderator die or be absent, the first on the roll mentioned
in the minute, shall have power to call the commission and preside.
The order of last Synod for transcribing the minutes of Synod since the
union, and sending them to the respective Presbyteries, was not complied with,
on account of some difficulties that came in the way. And the Synod now
order, that the stated clerk give copies of the said minutes to such Presbyteries
as shall make application for them, and recommend it to the several Presby-
teries, each to take care to furnish themselves with said copies.
Ordered, That Mr. Brainerd receive for the current year, the interest of the
fund for Indian afliiirs, in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey college.
The affair of Mr. Rowan's appeal deferred.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have deposed Mr. John
Murray since our last.
Adjourned to three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
21 day, three dclock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post jjreces sederunt qui supra.
The members of Donegall Presbytery here present, report, that they com-
plied with the order of Synod, for restoring that Presbytery into its former
state, but that the dissatisfied brethren, viz. Messrs. Steel, Tate, Thompson,
Sampson Smith, McMurdie, Eldei-, and Beard, refused to meet with them,
though duly notified ; and that they have been informed, that said dissatisfied
brethren have proceeded to form themselves into a separate body, and have
acted in a Presbyterial capacity every since.
A letter was brought into the Synod, directed to the moderator, signed by
the Rev. Messrs. John Elder, and John Steel, as moderator and clerk of a
Presbytery which they call the Presbytery of Donegall, representing that they
had been forced by sundry petitions to apply to Synod to be erected into two
Presbyteries, which petitions not having had desired success, they were laid
under the disagreeble necessity of entering a declinature from the jurisdiction
of the Synod ; and declaring withal their readiness to return into communion
with the Synod, provided they might be erected by them into a separate Pres-
bytery ; which letter was read, and ordered to lie on the table for a second
reading. From all which the Synod observe that the brethren of Donegall
Presbytery, who petitioned for being erected into a separate Presbytery, in the
year 1765, adopt the declinature entered last year, by Messrs. Beard and Tate,
and consequently must not now be considered as members of this body.
The committee appointed to meet at Huntingdon report, that they complied
with the order of Synod, and issued the affair to the satisfaction of the parties
concerned.
Dr. Williamson informs the Synod that the address to his Majesty was
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 367
presented by Mr. De Berdt, and graciously received. And the Synod desire
Dr. Williamson to present their thanks to Mr. De Berdt for his kind services
in that affair.
The Synod also order the moderator to give Dr. Williamson their thanks for
his services in the care of the same address.
Ordered, That each Presbytery bring in to-morrow morning an account how
their several members have complied with the order of last Synod for taking
subscriptions, and making collections in their respective congregations, and the
vacancies in their bounds, to raise a fund for the propagation and support of the
gospel in such places as cannot otherwise enjoy it.
Ordered, That Messrs. Ewing and Treat be called upon to give an account of
the moneys they have received in consequence of an order of last Synod for con-
gregations that had not collected the year before, to make collections for the
support of the Indian school under Mr. Brainerd's care.
New York Presbytery report, that Mr. Nathan Kerr gave a negative answer
to the calls from Carolina, put into his hands by order of Synod.
Messrs. Lewis and Caldwell complied with the order of Synod in going to
the southward ; and Messrs. Bay and Chesnutt gave reasons for not going,
which were sustained.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
22d day, nine dcloclc, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubt post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Samuel Kennedy is now come, and he is ordered to give at next sederunt,
the reasons of his absence from our Synodical meetings since the year 1762.
His elder, John Carl, is also come.
The letter signed by Messrs. Elder and Steel, was ordered to be read a second
time, and the Synod agree to enter upon the consideration of it; and after much
time spent in reasoning on the subject, the Synod find they cannot admit said
brethren in the manner they have requested ; but, as we would gladly take
every step we can, consistent with a good conscience and the interests of reli-
gion, to remove the uneasiness of our brethren, and promote harmony and
peace ; we appoint Messrs. Buel, Rodgers, Horton, Kirkpatrick, Beatty, Ewing,
Blair, and Miller, a committee to bring in an overture to-morrrow morning
relative to the aforesaid petition.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Eliphalet Ball is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner sus-
tained. Also, William Norcross, Mr. Kirkpatrick's elder, is now come.
Mr. Kennedy gave the reasons of his absence from Synod for five years past,
which were sustained.
In consequence of an order of yesterday, each Presbytery brought in an ac-
count how their respective members complied with the order of last Synod for
making a collection to establish a fund for the propagation of the gospel among
the poor, &c.
And the Synod are obliged to declare that it is matter of real grief to them
to find that so many of their members have paid so little regard to the authority
of Synod, enjoining a liberality for so pious and important a purpose.
The account of moneys collected for the purpose aforesaid, and the persons
by whom, is as follows ;
368 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
Of Suffolk Presbytery.
Mr. White, . . . York currency, £1 10 0
Mr. Rose, 19 0
Mr. Brown, 5 0 0
Mr. Barker, 1 10 0
Mr. Close, 5 0 0
Mr. Mills, 4 2 0
Total,
Equal to Pennsylvania currency.
Of New York Presbytery,
Mr. Rodgers, .....
Mr. Richards,
Mr, Peppard, ...
Equal to
Of New Brunswick Presbytery
. 18 11
0
£17 12
£42 9
1 6
1 0
71
2 Yk. currency.
2i
0
44 15
4^
£41 4
£1 10
1 0
2 17
1 0
2 Pennsyl. cur.
0
0
1
0
Mr. Reed,
Mr. Hanna,
Mr. Kirkpatrick,
Mr. Rosborough,
£6 7 1 Pro. cur.
Of Philadelpbia First Presbytery.
Mr. Hunter, £3 7 10
Mr. Beatty, 3 17 5
Mr. Richard Treat, . . . . 2 10 9
Mr. Ramsey, . , . . . .340
Mr. Clark, 1 16 6
Philadelphia Second Congregation, . . 13 11 11^
Total, . . . £28 8 5J
Of Philadelphia Second Presbytery.
Mr. Ewing, £12 0 0
Of New Castle Presbytery.
Mr. Blair, £0 16 7
Mr. McCarman, . . . . 1 12 4
£2 8 11
Of Donegall Presbytery.
Mr. Robert Smith, . . . . £2 10 0
Of Lcwestown Presbytery.
Mr. Montgomery, . . . .£100
An unknown hand, . . . . . 0 10 0
Amounting in the whole to, . . £112 1 3 Pro. cur.
The account of moneys received by Messrs. Ewing and Joseph Treat, deferred
till next sederunt.
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 369
]Mr. PticLard Treat reports, that he paid into the hands of Mr. Brainerd the
sum of twenty-one pounds, sixteen shillings and one penny, which appears to be
the sum put into the hands of Mr. Treat, jun'r. last year, for the support of
the Indian school under Mr. Brainerd's care.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Sd dai/, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjoxirnment.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. William Tennent is now comCj and the reasons of not coming sooner sus-
tained.
Mr. Elias Bailey, Mr. IMills's elder, is also come.
Ordered, That Mr. Ewing pay to Mr. Brainerd the sum of two pounds
eighteen shillings, which he reports is the whole he has received for the Indian
school ; and it is also ordered, that Mr. Joseph Treat pay to Mr. Brainerd the
whole of the money he has in his hands at the disposal of the Synod.
The committee appointed to bring in an overture this morning, relative to
the petition of Messrs. Elder, Steel, &c. report that they have not had time
to complete it, and pray that they may have till next Monday morning for that
purpose.
The affair of Mr. Brainerd's school deferred.
The Synod order, that every Presbytery belonging to this body, be careful
that those ministers in their bounds, who have not made a collection for pious
uses, as it was appointed last year, make a collection before the first of August j
and that it be put into the hands of the moderator of the respective Presbyte-
ries, and sent without delay to the treasurer appointed by the Synod. But we
desire that such ministers, whose reasons for not complying with the Synodical
order, have been sustained, be urged no further at this time.
Thomas Tobin, Mr. Spencer's elder, is now come.
An overture from the Presbytery of New York, relative to collections and
subscriptions for pious purposes, was brought in and read. The Synod appoint
Dr. Alison, and Messrs. Duffield and Williamson, to correct the overture, and
prepare an introduction to said plan, to be submitted to the Synod at their next
sederunt.
Mr. Brush did not fulfil his appointments, either to the vacancies in the
neighbourhood of Mr. Brainerd's congregation, or to Neshaminy, but not being
present the Synod could not inquire into the reasons of it.
Messrs. Miller's and Kirkpatrick's reasons for not going to Virginia, sus-
tained.
The appointments of last Synod, for supplies to the second Presbyterian
church in Philadelphia, fulfilled.
Messrs. ]]eatty and Dufiield complied with the order of last Synod, in going
on a mission to the frontiers.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M., on Monday next. Concluded with
prayer.
'Hbth day, nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi
post preces sederunt qui svpra.
Mr. Chauncey Graham is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner,
sustained.
The committee appointed to bring in an overture, relative to the letter sent
from ^lessrs. Elder and Steel, have not yet brought it in.
The afiiiir of Mr. Brainerd's school further deferred.
The committee appointed to correct the overture from New York Presbytery,
47
370 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
relative to a collection for pious purposes, and to prepare an introduction to the
same, brought it in, which being read and approved, is as follows, viz :
The Synod laying to heart the unhappy lot of many people in various parts
of our land, who at present are brought up in ignorance, and that they and their
families are perishing for lack of knowledge, who, on account of their poverty
or scattered habitations, are unable without some assistance to support the gos-
pel ministry among them ; considering also, that it is their duty to send mis-
sionaries to the frontier settlements, who may preach to the dispersed families
there, and form them into societies for the public worship of God, and being
moved with compassion towards the Indians, especially those under our care,
who are extremely poor and unable to teach their children to read, or to instruct
them in the knowledge of the Holy Scriptures, have resolved to attempt their
relief, and to instruct such as may be willing to hear the gospel.
But as such purposes must be carried on at a considerable expense, we, in
imitation of the laudable example of many other societies, recommend a pulalic
collection to all the congregations under our care ; and that such collection may
the more effectually answer the above design, with such other pious uses as
frequently occur, they have agreed on the following regulations :
1. That an annual collection be made in all the congregations under our care,
as well in the vacant congregations, which the Presbytery may judge able to
contribute, as in the congregations that have stated ministers, which shall be
disposed of for pious uses at the discretion of the Synod.
2. That each Presbytery under our care appoint a treasurer, who is to receive
the money collected from the minister or elder of each congregation within the
bounds of said Presbytery, and who shall keep a fair account how much he re-
ceives from each congregation by name, with an account of such congregations
as have neglected to contribute.
3. That there be a general treasurer appointed by the Synod, who shall re-
ceive the collected money from each of the Presbyterial treasurers, which Sy-
nodical treasurer shall also take a fair account of all the money received with
the names of the several congregations, as returned him by the Presbyterial
treasurers.
4. That the Synod every year during their session, cause to be printed a fair
account of the money they have received that year from each congregation, also
of the disbursements of the money received the foregoing year, with an account
of the purposes to which it was applied; and that each minister in the Synod
get one of said printed accounts to communicate to his people and to the neigh-
bouring vacant congregations, that so they may have the satisfaction of know-
ing to what purposes their donations were applied.
Ordered, That Dr. Williamson take care to get the above regulations printed.
Mr. Richard Treat is appointed general treasurer, to receive the aforesaid bene-
factions for the present year.
The order of last Synod respecting societies for the reformation of manners,
was not generally complied with, which was occasioned by their not having
copies of the order or plan. The further consideration of this deferred.
Also the consideration of the correspondence proposed with the associate
churches in Connecticut, is deferred.
The committee appointed to meet with the corporation of the widows' fund,
did not attend except Mr. Kirkpatrick. Their reasons for not attending were
sustained. The appointment of another committee, and the further considera-
tion of this matter deferred.
The committee appointed to consider the address of the lay elders and others,
brought in their report last year, the further consideration of which was then
deferred to the present sessions ; but through mistake was transcribed in the
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 371
minutes of last year. The Synod entered upon the consideration of the over-
ture they brought in, and have adopted it, as it stands in our book.
Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
2bth do)/, three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Lhi post prcces sederunt qui siqira.
Mr. Brainerd is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner are sus-
tained.
The overture respecting the Donegall brethren, not yet brought in.
The affair of Mr. Brainerd's school came to be considered, and the Synod
agree to allow Mr. Brainerd the sum of thirty pounds per year, for the last
three years, for defraying the expenses of the Indian school, which sum he
acknowledges he has already in his hands.
And it is further agreed, to allow Mr. Brainerd the sum of thirty pounds for
the support of the Indian school for the current year, and the sum of twenty
pounds, as an addition to his salary for his extraordinary services in forming
societies, and labouring among the white people in that large and uncultivated
country.
The affair of forming societies for the reformation of manners, came under
consideration, and a member brought in a plan for the purpose, which the Synod
recommend to the several members to obtain copies of, and to adapt to their
particular circumstances, and that the several Presbyteries use their utmost
influence to promote such societies in their respective bounds.
The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con-
necticut, further deferred.
Ordered, That Messrs. Montgomery, Ramsey, Latta, and Kirkpatrick, be a
committee to inspect into some papers in the hands of Mr. Beatty, relative to the
corporation for the widows' fund ; that Mr. Beatty attend with them, and that
they bring in their report to-morrow afternoon.
The committee appointed to examine New Brunswick Presbytery book,
brought it in, and after some remarks it was approved.
The committee appointed to examine Philadelphia second Presbytery book,
brought it in, and after some remarks it was also approved.
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26<^ day, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except the Rev. Mr. John Griffith and John Smith ; IMills Shaiikland and
Benjamin Junkin, elders, who are absent without leave, and we are informed
are gone home.)
The committee appointed to bring in an overture relative to the dissatisfied
Donegall brethren, brought it in, the substance of which is as follows, viz.
That the Synod declare themselves highly offended at these brethren, for not
only abiding by their declinature, but acting in a hostile manner since, in
alienating the minds of people under their influence, from the Synod, and so
forming and prosecuting a schism. That, though the Synod declare they might
justly refuse their admission to membership until they acknowledge their
offence, and submit to censure, yet out of tenderness to the societies in those
parts, and to put an end to this schism, it is humbly overtured, that the Synod
consent that Messrs. Steel, Elder, Tate, McMordie, Sampson Smith, and Beard,
be a Presbytery, by the name of the Presbytery of Donegall, bounded on the
west by the river Susquehannah, including Mr. Steel's congregation while he
is their minister : provided, nevertheless, that when an}' of these brethren
ghall remove out of the bounds of said Presbytery, they shall become members
872 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
of the Presbytery into whose bounds they shall remove. And that the Pres-
bytery of Carlisle shall be revived, to which Messrs. lloan, Thompson, and
Lang, shall belong.
And after much reasoning, whether the Synod should adopt the overture or
not, the further consideratioa of it was deferred to the afternoon.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'doch, P. M. The S^nod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Huston had leave to go home.
The consideration of the overture respecting the dissatisfied Donegall breth-
ren, resumed, and after all the members that desired to speak, had been fully
heard, and the matter maturely considered, it was put to vote, whether the
overture should be admitted or not, and it was carried in the negative by a con-
siderable majority.
In the mean time, though the Synod cannot grant the request of said breth-
ren, to be formed into a distinct Presbytery, yet we declare, that upon their
avoiding divisive and hostile measures, and acting in a peaceable and Christian
manner, we shall stand ready to hear any reasonable proposal for their return-
ing into membership with us.
The committee appointed to inspect some papers in the bands of the corpo-
ration for the widows' fund, brought in their report, which is as follows, viz :
That agreeable to an act of the General Assembly of the Church of Scot-
land, passed in the year , the money raised by collections in the several
congregations of that church, shall be disposed of by the charitable corporation
. in conjunction with a committee of the united Synod of New York and Phila-
delphia, for the support and relief of such ministers as are, or may hereafter be
called to preach the everlasting gospel among the benighted Indians, or to such
congregations as cannot afford them sufficient maintenance, and that the com-
mittee cannot ascertain the sura.
The Synod appoint the same committee, with the addition of Messrs.
Spencer and McWhorter, to wait on the corporation aforesaid, to-morrow
morning at nine o'clock, in order to have the aforesaid sum ascertained, and
the power of the committee in disposing of it, and all other matters relating
to it.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
27tJi dai/, nine o'cIocJc, A. M., the S^nod met according to adjournmer.t-
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con-
necticut further deferred.
Having gone through the business upon our minutes, ordered, to proceed to
consider those matters brought in by the committee of overtures.
A supplication was brought in from Albany, respecting some difficulties in
the congregation in that city, which was read ; and upon finding that the mat-
ter had not been laid before the Presbytery, we refer it to them, and order them
to meet and consider it as soon as possible.
But as it is represented to the Synod, that there are many vacancies in the
neighbourhood of Albany, where, it is probable, sundry important congrega-
tions may be formed, we do appoint the Rev. Mr. Kennedy as a missionary
through those parts, and that he take as particular account as he can of the
state of that country, and lay it before our next Synod ; and that he supply
also some time at the direction of Dutchess Presbytery, if it may be convenient,
17G7.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 373
and that New York Presbytery supply Mr. Kennedy's pulpit seven Sabbutbs
in his absence.
An appeal was brought in by jMr. John Lawrence, from a judgment of the
Presbytery of Dutchess respecting Mr. Ball, and the said Mr. Lawrence re-
quested that the Synod would appoint a committee to meet at Bedford to hear
his appeal, as he could not prosecute it at this distance.
In order that the Synod might be able to judge whether the matter com-
plained of to the Presbytery, from which the appeal was brought, is an object
of sufficient importance to induce the Synod to send a committee there, agree-
ably to the prayer of the appellant, it was agreed that Mr. Lawrence should lay
before the Synod his complaint, and that Mr. Ball should be heard in what ho
had to say by way of defence; and that the Presbytery of Dutchess should give
all the light they could in the aifair, by producing the minutes of their Presby-
tery on that head, &c.
And after hearing all that the several parties had to offer, the Synod judge,
that it is by no means worthy of so much notice as to appoint a committee to go
there to determine it; because if there were evidences present to prove all the
matters alleged against Mr. Ball by Mr. Lawrence, yet they are of so trivial a
nature, that they could not be the foundation of any judicial censure, and con-
sequently that the conduct of ^h. Lawrence and others in the society, in ab-
senting themselves from public worship, on so slender a foundation, can by no
means be justified.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clocic, P. 31., the S?/ nod met according to adjournment. Postj^rcces
sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Slemmons, who we are informed has gone home, though liberty
for that purpose was denied him when he asked it.)
The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con-
necticut further deferred.
An appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery of Suffolk, respecting 3Ir.
Mills's removal from Jamaica on Long Island to the second Presbyterian church
in Philadelphia, was brought in and read.
After reading of which, a supplication from the second Presbyterian church
in Philadelphia prosecuting the appeal, and urging jNIr. Mills's removal ; like-
wise a long remonstrance from the congregation of Jamaica, together with aa
address from the Presbytery of Suffolk, and a letter from the Ilev. Mr. Prime,
remonstrating against Mr. Mills's removal, were brought in and read.
The Synod then proceeded fully to hear what the respective commissioners
and the Presbytery of Suffolk had further to say, for and against Mr. Mills's
removal, and having heard 3Ir. 3Iills himself on the affiiir, the Synod not hav-
ing time now to issue it, refer the further consideration of it till to-morrow
morning.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. Isl. Concluded with prayer.
28?7i day, nine o'clock, A. J/, the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post prcces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of Mr. Mills's removal resumed. The Synod having
carefully considered all the arguments that were ofi'crcd against 31r. ."Mills's
removal from Jamaica, together with the arguments on the other hand, for
bringing him to this city, having also heard Mr. 31ills's own judgment on this
subject, that he esteems it his duty to remain in Jamaica; upon the whole,
the Syuod do coufii-m the judgment of the Presbytery of Suffolk on that head,
374 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1767.
being fully of opinion that it will not be for the edification of the church to
remove him.
The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con-
necticut resumed.
The minutes of a convention held at Elizabethtown, the fifth of November
last, by delegates from the consociated churches in Connecticut and from this
Synod, were read, and a plan of union proposed between the Congregational,
consociated and Presbyterian churches formed at that convention, was seriously
considered and amended ; and the following gentlemen, with any other minis-
ters of this reverend body that please to attend, are appointed to meet with
the delegates or commissioners from the Congregational and consociated
or any Presbyterial bodies, at New Haven the tenth day of next Septem-
ber, and there finally, on the part of this body, to complete the plan of union,
and transact all other business that shall be found necessary in consequence
thereof.
The gentlemen appointed are the Ptev. Messrs. Lewis, Buel, Mills, Mc-
Whortcr, llodgers. Halt, Kirkpatrick, Heed, Ramsey, Beatty, Dr. Alison,
Ewing, lilair, Spencer, Wilson, Miller, Duffield, Robert Smith, Graham, and
Ball.
Mr. Eosborough and his elder, John Maxwell, had leave to go home.
The committee appointed to examine Philadelphia Presbytery book brought
it in, and after a few remarks it was approved.
Ordered, That Dr. Williamson get the address and representation of the
ruling elders and others, of the Presbyterian denomination in Philadelphia, as
corrected and approved by this Synod, printed. That the clerk furnish him
with a copy for that purpose.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
3 o'clock, P. M., the St/nod viet according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the correspondence with foreign churches further de-
ferred.
Application was made by the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia for
supplies, and especially for settled ministers.
The following congregations in North Carolina, viz : Sugar Creek, Fishing
Creek, Bethel, the Jersey settlement, Centre Congregation, Poplar Tent, and
Rocky River, united in a petition for one or more, of the Rev. Messrs. Spencer,
Lewis, IMcWhorter, and James Caldwell, to be sent there, promising for their
encouragement that the sum of eighty pounds be paid by any of these con-
gregations in which he shall choose to spend half of his time, and another
eighty pounds by the vacant congregations he shall supply; this petition being
read, the several gentlemen mentioned in it were interrogated whether they
would comply with this request, to which each of them returned a negative
answer.
Petitions for supplies were likewise brought in and read from Orange and
Culpepper counties, and the south branch of Potomac in Virginia ; and from
the Long Canes, Cathy's Settlement, Indian Creek, and Duncan's Creek, in
North Carolina.
]Motions for supplies were also made in behalf of Williamsburg and places
adjacent, Hanover, and Cub Creek, in Virginia ; Newbern, Edenton, Fourth
Creek, Upper Hico, Haw River, Goshen in the forks of Catawba, the south
fork of Catawba, the forks of Yadkin, and Salisbury, in North Carolina ;
Little River in South Carolina ; and Briar Creek in Georgia.
The committee appointed to examine Douegall Presbytery book, brought it
1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 375
in, and informed the Synod that it did not contain the minutes of that Presby-
tery since last Synod, when it was restored to its former state, and queried
whether they shoukl go any further back in examination of it, to wliieli the
Synod gave- an answer in the negative, and therefore it was returned without
any remarks.
The committee appointed to wait on tlie corporation for the widows' fund,
report, that they have not yet received their answer.
In compliance with the request from Albany, the Synod appoint Mr. Rod-
gers to take a journey to Albany and the places adjacent, as soon as he con-
veniently can, and supply in that country where he may judge most necessary,
at least six Sabbaths, and that Suffolk Presbytery supply Mr. Piodgcrs's
pulpit three Sabbaths, and New York Presbytery the remaining Sabbaths in
Lis absence.
In order to answer the earnest and pressing supplications from Virginia,
Carolina, &c. tiie Synod appoint Messrs. Bay, Potter, 3IcCrery, Alexander,
Latta, juu'r. Anderson, and Jackson, to take a journey as soon as the circum-
Stance^ of their affairs will admit, through Virginia, the Carolinas, (and
Georgia if they can,) and that each tarry half a year, and as much longer as he
shall think proper.
And it is recommended to IMr. Bay to visit the South Branch of Potomac in
going out, and Wilmington, Newborn, Edenton, and Williamsburg, and the
places along the sea shore in his return. And that Mr. Jacob Kerr pay a visit
to Williamsburg, and tarry there at discretion.
And it is ordered, that proper testimonials be given to these gentlemen for
their journey, signed by the moderator and clerk, together with a list of the
vacancies that have now supplicated for supplies^
The Synod took into consideration supplies for the second Presbyterian
congregation in Philadelphia, and appoint as follows, viz :
That Mr. Kirkpatrick supply there the fu"st Sabbath of June, Mr. Kodgers
the second, Mr. Kamsey the third, 3Ir. Treat, jun'r. the fourth and first of
Jul}', Mr. Richard Treat the second, Mr. Duffield the third and fourth ; Mr.
Robert Smith the first Sabbath of August, Mr. Richard Treat the second, 3Ir.
Spencer the third and fourth, IMr. Finlcy the fifth; Mr. Richard Treat the
first Sabbath of Septtember, Mv. Ilorton the second and third, Mr. Blair the
fourth ; Mr. Roe the first and second Sabbaths of October, Mr. McWliort-er
the third and fourth; Mr. Latta the first Sabbath of November, Mr. Hunter
the second and third, Mr. Richard Treat the fourth, Mr. Close the fifth and
first of December, Mr. Woodruff the second and third, Mr. Richard Treat the
fourth, Mr. Forster the fifth and first of February, Mr. ^Montgomery the
second and third, Mr. Miller the fourth; Mr. R. Treat the first Sabbath
of March, Mr. Robert Smith the second, Mr. Hunter the third, Mr. Ramsey
the fourth ; Mr. Hait the first and second Sabbaths of April, Mr. Blair the
third and fourth ; Mr. Treat the first Sabbath of May, and Mr. Chesnutt the
second.
Adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
29th day, eight o'clock, A. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post j^reces sederunt qui sujjra.
Ordered, That Messrs. Blair and Finley review the Donegall Presbytery
book before our next Synod, and for that purpose order, that it be put into
their hands at least a month before the Synod.
Messrs. Beatty and Duffield's mission among the Indians and frontiers,
came under consideration. And they report that they performed their mis-
sion to the frontiers and among the Indians. That they found on the frou-
376 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767.
tiers numbers of people earnestly desirous of forming themselves into con-
gregations, and declaring their willingness to exert their utmost in order to
have the gospel among them, but in circumstances exceedingly distressing
and necessitous from the late calamities of the war in these parts. ' And also,
that they visited the Indians at the chief town of the Delaware Nation, on the
Muskingum, about one hundred and thirty miles beyond Fort Pitt, and were
received much more cheerfully than they could have expected. That a con-
siderable number of them waited on the preaching of the gospel with peculiar
attention, many of them appearing solemnly concerned about the great matters
of religion, that they expressed an earnest desire of having further opportuni-
ties of hearing those things; that they informed them, that several other tribes
of Indians around them were ready to join with them in receiving the gospel,
and earnestly desiring an opportunity. Upon the whole, that there does ap-
pear a very agreeable prospect of a door opening for the gospel being spread
among those poor benighted savage tribes.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper to pay a visit to
our frontier settlements and the Indians on Muskingum and otlier places, and
tarry with them at least three months this summer, provided the report
brought back by the Indian interpreter, Joseph, from them and delivered to
the Rev. Dr. Alison, and JNIessrs. Treat, Beatty, and Ewing, proves encour-
aging, which gentlemen are hereby appointed a committee to receive and judge
of said report.
Ordered also, That IMessrs. Brainerd and Cooper take no money from the
frontier settlements for their ministerial labours among them.
Ordered, That Mr. McKnight supply Mr. Brainerd's place among the
Indians, and at Mount Holly the second, third, and fourth Sabbaths of July, and
that Mr. William Tennent serve Mr. McKnight with a copy of this minute.
Ordered, That the Lewestown Presbytery send a supply to Egg Harbour
and the vacancies in those parts, five Sabbaths in the month of August and one
in the month of September. And that Mr. Alexander supply in these parts the
three last Sabbaths of September.
And the Synod do agree to pay out of the fund in their hands, raised for
pious uses, to the young men sent by Lewestown Presbytery, and to Mr. Alex-
ander for their labours in those parts, at the usual rates for supplies.
The consideration of the correspondence with foreign churches resumed ; and
the committee appointed at our last Synod for that purpose, report, that for
some prudential reasons they did not comply with the order. The Synod do,
therefore, appoint the Rev. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Treat, Rodgers, Ewing, Treat,
junior, Beatty, McWhorter, and Dr. Williamson, to be a committee for the
said purpose, and that they be punctual in preparing letters to the foreign
churches, to be laid before our next Synod.
An overture was made by Mr. Robert Smith, that he might be set off from
Donegall Presbytery, and have leave to join New Castle, as it is much more
convenient, which was granted.
The Synod do appoint the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, McWhorter, Kirkpatrick,
Ramsey, and Montgomery, to be a committee to wait further on the corpora-
tion for the widows' fund, and get an answer to the queries proposed, and
transact all affairs with said corporation for the present year, and that the com-
mittee make a full report of the whole to the Synod next year.
Ordered, That Mr. Treat pay out of the fund for pious uses, the printer for
two hundred and fifty copies of the ruling elders' plan.
The Rev. Mr. Roan drops his appeal from a judgment of a committee of
the Synod, appointed at Hanover, two years ago, provided that it shall not be
understood that he acquiesces in said judgment.
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 377
Ordered, That the stated clerk of Synod give Messrs. Bralnerd and Cooper
proper certificates for their journey.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at the first Preshy-
terian Church in Phihidelphia, at ten o'clock, A. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1768.
Pliiladelphia , the 18th day of May, 17G8.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met at the first Presbyterian
Church, according to adjournment.
Of Dutchess : Rev. Messrs. Wheeler Chase, Thomas Lewis.
Of New York : Rev. Messrs. Azariah Horton, Aaron Richards, John Rod-
gers, Benjamin Woodruff, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhortcr, James Cald-
well, Azel Roe, Joseph Treat, Nathan Kerr, Francis Peppard, Jedediah
Chapman.
Of New Brunswick : Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Israel Reed, Thomas
Smith, John Rosborough, William Kirkpatrick, John Bhiir.
Of Philadelphia first Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, Andrew
Hunter, William Ramsey.
Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : Rev. Messrs. John Ewing, Patrick
Alison.
Of New Castle : Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell, Elihu Spencer, Robert
Smith, William McKennan, John Carmichael.
Of Lewestown : Rev. Messrs. John Millar, Matthew Wilson, Joseph Mont-
gomery.
Of Donegall : Rev. Jlessrs. John Roan, John Hogg, James Hunt, John
Strain, John Slemmons, Robert Cooper, Amos Thomson.
Elders : John Moore, Nathaniel McKinley, Dr. Burnet, Dr. Bloomfield,
Bethuel Pierson, Aaron Mattison, Jacob Reeder, Philip Wynkoop, Joseph
Fithian, Dr. Williamson, Dr. Lyon, Manasseh Logue, John Whitehill, Samuel
Culbertson, John Yoorhees, James Ramsey, Isaiah Potter.
Absent, Dutchess County Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Smith, Elisha
Kent, Eliphalct Ball, Solomon Mead, James Peck, Samuel Dunlop.
Suffolk Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Silvanus White, Samuel
Buel, James Brown, Nehemiah Barker, Benjamin Tallmage, Benjamin Gould-
smith, David Rose, William Mills, John Close, Elam Potter, Samson Oc-
cam.
New Brunswick Presbytery: Rev. Messrs. James IMcCrea, John Guild,
Charles McKnight, Samuel Kennedy, Amos Thomson, Job Pruddcu, Jamc3
Lyon, John Hanna.
New York Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Simon Ilorton, Abner Reeve, Jonathan
Elmer, Benjamin Hait, Jacob Green, James Tuttle, Hugh Knox, John ^lalby,
Moses Tuttle, John IMofiFat.
First Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Charles Beatty, John Brainerd,
Nehemiah Greenman.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, James
Latta.
Lewes Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Charles Tennent, Jacob Kerr, Alexander
Huston, John Harris.
Donof-all Presbytery: Rev. Messrs. Adam Boyd, Andrew Bay, James
Finley.
All Hanover Presbytery absent.
48
878 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G8.
The Kev. Mr. Hunter, last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon
from Gal. i. 8.
The Rev. Mr. Blair was chosen moderator for the ensuing year ; who, after
receiving the usual charge from the last year's moderator, took the chair. x\nd
Messrs. Montgomery and Ramsey were chosen clerks.
The reasons offered by Messrs. Joseph Treat, Abner Brush, Nathan Kerr,
John Carmichael, Thomas Smith, Amos Thomson, for non-attendance last
year, are sustained ; and John Hogg's absence for this several years past, ex-
cused.
Mr. Chauncey Graham is now come, and his elder, Mr. Potter.
The Rev. John Clark is also come.
New York Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach the gospel
since our last, Alexander Miller ; and that Mr. Samuel Parkhurst was removed
by death, the 11th of March, 1768.
Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have licensed William Woodhull to
preach the gospel.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of
the ministry, Mr. Jeremiah Halsey.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs Tho-
mas Reed and John King; and that Mr. James Latta, a licensed candidate,
who was sent by the Synod to the southern parts, informs them by letter, that
he is joined with the Presbytery in South Carolina.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. Joseph Smith to
preach the gospel.
Dutchess County Presbytery report, that Mr. Samuel Sacket has declined
their jurisdiction, and that they have suspended from the work of the ministry
Mr. William Hanah.
The Lewes Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the
ministry, Mr. Thomas McCrakin, who, being present, took his seat; and that
they have licensed to preach the gospel, Messrs. James Watt, Samuel Eakin,
and John Bacon.
Donegall Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the
ministry, Mr. John Craighead, who, being present, took his seat; and that
they have licensed Hezekiah James Balch to preach the gospel : and a mem-
ber reports, that the Rev. Mr. Robert Henry departed this life the 8th of
May, 1767.
The Synod appoint, for a committee of overtures, Messrs. Lewis Woodruff,
Thomas Smith, Hunter, Patrick Alison, Robert Smith, Hunt, Miller, Case,
Elders, Dr. Bloomfield, Dr. Burnet, John Voorhees, and Dr. Lyon, to meet to-
morrow morning, at six o'clock, in this place, and by adjournment from time to
time, as occasion may require, during the session.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer.
19th, at nine dcloch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Messrs. Green, Simonton, Griffith, are now come, and their reasons
for non-attendance yesterday, sustained.
The R(?v. Messrs. Jones, Halsey, and Chesnutt, are also now come, and Mr.
Jones' elder. Col. Jacob Ford; their reasons for not attending yesterday, sus-
tained.
The Rev. Mr. Duffield is now come, and his reasons for non-attendance yes-
terday, sustained; his elder, John McBride, is also come.
Messrs. Treat and Caldwell are appointed a committee to examine New Bruns-
wick Presbytery book.
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 379
Messrs. Reed and Roan are appointed a committee to examine the first Phi-
ladelphia Presbytery book.
Messrs. Rodgers and Wilson are appointed a committee to examine Donegall
Presbytery book.
Messrs. Kirkpatrick and Ewing are appointed a committee to examine New
York Presbytery book.
Messrs. Duffield and Cooper are appointed a committee to examine Lewes-
town Presbytery book.
Messrs. Robert Smith and Spencer are appointed a committee to examine
Dutchess County Presbytery book.
The Presbytery books of Suifolk, New Castle, Hanover, and the second
Presbytery of Philadelphia, are not present.
The report of the committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands
of the treasurer of New Jersey College, belonging to the Synod for the educa-
tion of poor and pious youth, deferred.
And the Synod appoint for a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Lewis, Mills, Azariah Horton, Jones,
William Tcnnent, Reed, Kirkpatrick, Hunter, Ewing, Spencer, Roan, Robert
Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Duffield, Graham, Case, with the moderator; and
elders Col. Ford, Dr. Williamson, Dr. Bloomfield, Dr. Burnet, Dr. Lyon, and
Mr. Voorhees. Thirteen of whom to be a quorum ; but if the moderator die,
or is absent, the first mentioned on the roll in the minutes, shall have power to
call the commission and preside.
Mr. Brush's reasons for not fulfilling his appointments to IMr. Brainerd's
congregation, and Neshaminy, as ordered in the year 1766, are sustained.
Mr.lvennedy did not fulfil his appointment in going to Albany, on the ac-
count of sickness in his family, and other reasons satisfoctory to the Synod.
Mr. Slemmous, who went home last year without obtaining leave, is ex-
cused.
Mr. Rodirers complied with his appointment to Albany.
The Presbytery of New York fulfilled their appointment in supplying the
New York congregation in Mr. Rodgers' absence.
The only members of Suffolk Presbytery that could safely go to New York,
agreed to supply there; but some' of them were disappointed.
All the appointments to the southward were complied with, except by Mr.
Anderson, who is not present; and by Mr. Bay, who, not being here, it is not
known w-hether he complied or not.
All the members appointed to supply Philadelphia second congregation- com-
plied, except Mr. Roe, Mr. Miller, Mr. Montgomery, Mr. Chesnutt, whose
reasons for not complying are sustained. r at -di ■ •
The Douegall Presbytery book not being sent, on the account ot Mr. Blair 3
removal, the committee did not review it.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Dr. Alison is now come, and his elder, Charles Thomson. The Doctor's
reasons for non-attendance sooner, sustained.
Mr Bay is now come, and his reasons for not attending sooner, are sustained.
The committee appointed to dispose of the interest of the money in the
hands of the treasurer of the College of New Jersey, for the support of poor
and pious youth at said college, report, that there will remain on hands, of the
interest of the fund aforesaid, not disposed of, against the first of October next,
the sum of fifty two pounds proclamation money of New Jersey. And the
380 MINUTES OF THE SYXOD OF [1768.
?ynocl appoint as a committee for disposing of said money for the present year,
he Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Guild, Brainerd, Kirkpatrick, Ewing,
^3
the
Elair, Caldwell, and Reed, to meet for that purpose at Princeton, on the third
Wednesday of August next.
Mr. Brainerd is now come, and the reasons of his not coming sooner, sus-
tained.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
20th da7/, nine o'doclc. The Sj/nod met according to adjournment. Post
preces scdcrnnt qui supra.
The Rev. Mr. James Fiuley is now come, and his elder, Mr. Robert Macky.
Mr. Finley is excused for not attending sooner.
The Synod proceeded to consider the affair of the Indian school under the
inspection of the Rev. Mr. Brainerd ; and it appears from Mr. Brainerd's re-
port, that there is still a school existing among the Indians under his care ;
and the Synod do agree to continue to support said school, and do appoint the
usual salary of thirty pounds to be paid to Mr. Brainerd for the ensuing year ;
and do order the clerk of the Synod to give an order for that sum on the
Synodical treasurer. It is further agreed to allow Mr. Brainerd the sum of
twenty pounds as an addition to his salary, for his extensive services and
labour in those uncultivated parts ; and that the clerk also give an order to Mr.
Brainerd on the Synodical treasurer for this purpose.
The Synod do also order IMr. Brainerd to receive for the current year the
sum of eighteen pounds, being the interest of the mouey in the hands of the
treasurer of New Jersey College, appointed to support an Indian mission.
Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper report, that they did not execute their mission
among the Indians on the Muskingum, and other parts, as ordered at last
Synod, by reason of the discouraging accounts brought in by the interpreter,
Joseph, sent out as mentioned in our last j^ear's minutes, and other discour-
aging circumstances. And as it appears that Mr. Brainerd had occasion to be
at the expense of sending an Indian to prepare the way for his intended mis-
sion, therefore the Synod do agree to pay the sum of five pounds to discharge
said expense. Ordered, that the Synodical treasurer pay said sum.
The Synod taking under consideration the deplorable condition of the Indian
tribes, the natives of this land, who sit in heathenish darkness, and are perish-
ing for lack of knowledge, do appoint the following persons to be a committee
to draw up and concert a general plan, to be laid before this Synod at their next
meeting, to be approved by them in order to prepare the way to propagate the
gospel among these benighted people, viz. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Read, Treat,
Ewing, William Tcnnent, Rogers, Brainerd, McWhorter, Caldwell, Dr. Wil-
liamson, Charles Thomson, and the moderator, to meet at Elizabethtown, the
first Wednesday of October next.
The Synod proceeded to consider how far each Presbytery had complied with
the order of last Synod, in respect of the plan laid by some lay elders some
time ago and adopted by this Synod ; and a satisfactory account not being
given, the Synod do appoint that each Presbytery do order one of their mem-
bers to bring in a particular account in writing how far each congregation in
their bounds have complied with said regulations, against the next Synod.
Adjourned to three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cloclc, P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The members of this Synod, appointed to meet the convention at New Ha-
ven last year, report, that many of them did meet according to order, and the
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 381
plan laid before the Synod last year was accepted ; and that they have ap-
pointed another convention the first Wednesday of October, at Elizabethtowu,
and the following gentlemen are now appointed by this Synod to be delegates
from this body to meet at said convention, viz. IMcssrs. Case, Kent, Lewis,
Mills, Ptodgers, Jones, Jacob Green, Caldwell, William Tennent, Kirkpatrick,
Blair, Spencer, llobert Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Duffield, Hunt, llichard
Treat, Hunter, Ewing, Joseph Treat, Dr. Alison, Mead, Close, Braiuerd, Alison,
Finley, James Kerr, and Cooper.
The Synod do order Dr. Alison to write to the General Association of the
Consociated Churches in Connecticut, to appoint one of their members to open
the convention with a sermon at Elizabethtown. And the Synod order, that
the minutes of said convention be laid before this body every year.
Mr. Thompson has obtained leave to go home.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21st da?/, at nine o'cIocJc, A. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui sujn'a.
(Except Mr. Voorhees, who is gone home without leave.)
Mr. Huston is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained.
A question was proposed by a member of the Synod, which is, whether the
committee of overtures are to be considered as agents and counsels, or shall
they be considered as judges ? The consideration of which is deferred to next
Synod.
A proposal was brought in desiring the Synod to fall upon some general plan
to prevent irregularities in respect of marriage, and it is recommended to every
member of this Synod carefully to consider the said afiair, and be ready to
deliver their sentiments on the subject next Synod.
An address from several gentlemen who call themselves members of Donegall
Presbytery, was brought in and readj the consideration of which is deferred
till Monday afternoon.
Adjourned to ten o'clock on Monday next, A. M. Concluded with prayer.
2od dat/, fen o'cIocJc, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Fost preces sederunt qui sitpra.
The consideration of an address of a number of gentlemen who call them-
selves the Presbytery of Donegall, deferred till the afternoon.
Some members made a motion that the affair of Mr. Tennent's request be
reconsidered, which was agreed to, but deferred till next sederunt.
New Castle Presbytery book is now brought in, and Mr. Jones and Mr.
Biehards are appointed a committee to examine it.
The committee appointed to meet with the corporation for the relief of poor
and distressed Presbyterian ministers, and of their widows and children, kc.
report, that they waited on said corporation and proposed the following que-
ries, viz :
1st. What power the committee of the Synod have in the distribution of
some money raised by virtue of an act of the General Assembly of the Church
of Scotland, and by them put into the hands of the corporation aforesaid i*
2d, What was the total sum put into the hands of said corporation by the
General Assembly aforesaid, to be disposed of in conjunction with the com-
mittee of the Synod ?
od. What part of said money the corporation have allotted for the committee
to have any concern with ?
4th. Whether there is any of said money to be disposed of this year fur the
382 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G8.
purposes mentioned in the act of the General Assembly of the Church of
Scotland ?
To which queries the committee further report, that they have received the
following answer from the .corporation aforesaid, viz :
''At a meeting of the corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Pres-
byterian ministers, and of their widows and children, held at the second Pres-
byterian church in Philadelphia, May the 27th, 1767. There is inserted in
their minutes the following resolution :
"The answer to the questions proposed by the committee of the Synod came
under consideration,
" In answer, the corporation declare that it is the sense of this board, that
though a corporate body may not in the management of their aifairs, legally
associate with persons not in membership ; yet in regard to tlae limitation of
the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, we judge it incumbent on us
to consult with the committee, and mutually to propose and to agree with one
another in the uses to which the money is to be applied ; provided always, that
if the Synod do not appoint a committee, or if that committee do not attend
the corporation, it shall not be hindered to proceed to do business.
May the 19//i, 1767.
" At a meeting of the corporation at the first Presbyterian church in this
city, it was determined,
" That the interest of seven hundred pounds sterling is to be disposed of
yearly for the time to come, if there be occasion for it, with the advice and con-
sent of the Synod's committee.
" Ordered, That the secretary give a copy of this our answer to the questions
proposed by the committee.
'< A true copy, by Francis Alison, Secretary."
The further consideration of this affair deferred.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post jyreccs
sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the request of several gentlemen who call themselves
the Presbytery of Donegal! was resumed, and after much conversation and rea-
soning on the head, it was agreed to defer it till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
24<^ day, nine of the o'cloch, A. M. the Synod met according to adjourn-
ment. Post 2)reces sederunt qui supra.
The affair of Mrs. Tennent further deferred.
The Synod resumed the consideration of the report of their committee ap-
pointed last year to examine the state of the accounts of some money put into
the hands of the corporation, for the relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian
ministers, &c. by the General Assembly of the church of Scotland, to be dis-
posed of by said corporation in conjunction with a committee of the Synod,
and do approve of the above queries put to said corporation by their commit-
tee; but judge that the answers given by the corporation are not fully satis-
factory in these following points, viz : That the total sum of the money col-
lected by the Church of Scotland is not specified, and secondly, that no
account is given how this money has been disposed of since it came into their
hands; and also, that the corporation seem to insinuate that they have a power
to dispose of said money if the committee of the Synod neglect or otherwise
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 383
do not attend them; and therefore do appoint the following gentlemen a com-
mittee to attend upon said corporation this year, to transact all affairs relative
to said money, viz : Messrs. Spencer, McWhorter, Ramsey, Kirkpatrick, and
Montgomery, three of whom are to be a quorum.
The Synod resumed the consideration of the request of the gentlemen who
call themselves the Donegall Presbytery, and after much reasoniug on the sub-
ject the further consideration of it is deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three ddoch, P. 31. the St/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Philip Wynkoop, Mr. Richard Treat's elder, having gone home on
Saturday, and not being able to return, Mr. Thomas Bourne, another elder of
the same congregation, is permitted to take his place.
Messrs. Hugh Huston and Samuel Culbertson are gone home without leave.
The request of the gentlemen who call themselves the Presbytery of Done-
gall, was resumed, and after much time spent in hearing all that was said upon
the subject, it was voted whether their request should be granted or not, and
it was carried in the negative by a great majority. There being nothing in
their petition but what was requested by them last year and then denied, and
there now appearing no new light upon the subject, the Synod judge that the
door is still open for them to return in a regular manner by becoming members
of the Presbytery of Donegall, and as such taking their seats in this house,
which, if they will do, the Synod hereby declare that they are still willing to
receive them, and upon their becoming members, to hear ail complaints and as
far as in their power to redress all grievances, and to attend to all proposals
that may be made to heal differences and promote the Mediator's kingdom,
and then to new model Presbyteries if it should be judged necessary by this
Synod.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Ibth day, at nine o'clock, A. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Sparks, Mr. Chesnutt's elder, who is gone home M'ithout
leave.)
Mr. Fithian has leave to go home.
Mrs. Tennent's complaint came under consideration, which the Synod remit
to the Presbytery of Lewes, and at their particular request aj)point the Rev.
Messrs. Spencer, Finley, McKenuan, Enoch Green, and Ramsey, to meet
■with said Presbytery as correspondents, and assist them in all their determina-
tions on said affair, to meet at Buckingham on the third Wednesday of iSovem-
ber next.
Upon reading the minute of yesterday concerning the brethren who call
themselves the Presbytery of Donegall, Mr. Tate said, that he and his brethren
with him were not authorized to make any other proposals to the Synod beside
those mentioned in their petition, yet he believed that if the Synod would allow
the Rev. Messrs. Sampson Smith and Beard to join the Presbytery of New
Castle, Mr. Thomson that of Donegall, and the Rev. Messrs. Steel, Elder, and
McMordie, the second Presbytery of Phihidelphia, it might heal the breach ;
in the mean time he desired liberty to join the second Pr(.sl)ytery of Phihidel-
phia. The Rev. Mr. J^ang being present, being asked whether he was willing
to be joined to the Presbytery of Donegall, answered, that he rather chose to
belong to the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, but if the Synod judged it the
884 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768.
best expedient for peace, and the rest of his dissatisfied brethren would come
into the general plan, he would consent. Therefore, after due deliberation the
Synod came to this conlusion, viz : That although they highly disapprove of
the conduct of these brethren since their departure from the Synod, yet for the
sake of peace they authorize the above mentioned Presbyteries to receive them
in the following manner, viz : the Rev. Messrs. Thompson and Lang into the
Presbytery of Donegall, the Rev. Messrs. Beard and S. Smith into the Presby-
tery of New Castle, and the Rev. Messrs. Steel, Elder, Tate, and McMordie,
into the second Presbyteiy of Philadelphia, provided that they apply for admis-
sion the first convenient opportunity. But the Synod agree that this regulation
is not intended to subject these vacancies that now are or hereafter shall be in
the bounds of the Presbytery of Donegall to any other Presbytery, nor shall
they apply at any time to any other without express leave obtained from that
Presbytery. And it is further agreed, that if any of said brethren comply with
said regulations, they shall previously and expressly withdraw their declinature
entered at New York, 1766, and without this they shall not be admitted as
members of this Synod or any of its Presbyteries.
Ordered, That the clerk give Mr. Tate a copy of this minute.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Tli7xe o'clock, P. M. the Sijnod met according to adJou?'nment. Post j)j~eces
sederunt qui svjjra.
Mr. Peppard had leave to go home, and Mr. John "VYhitehill, Mr. Robert
Smith's elder.
Mr. Strain brought in a protest against the above determination of the Synod
in these words, viz :
I enter my protest against the above written determination of Synod for the
following reasons.
1. Because I look upon said determination to be the erecting a monument of
the former division of this church.
2. I apprehend that the foresaid determination, affecting the state of those
three Presbyteries, in the bounds of which the people have been most divided
formerly, will have nearly the same eifect in reviving and confirming the preju-
dices of the people, that a division of this Synod would have. Therefore,
3. I apprehend it will have a tendency greatly to obstruct the success of the
gospel of our dear Lord Jesus Christ.
4. The foresaid determination appears to me too much to approve the schis-
matical conduct of those gentlemen who declined, and so fiir as it does so, the
Synod adopts their schismatical practices and lies under the heavy guilt of the
same.
5. Although I am persuaded, that the Synod does in this act seek the peace
of the churcli, yet the act itself tends to make the true peace of the church, and
in some measure the success of the gospel, a sacrifice to appease the wrath of a
few, and so it opens the door for unrestrained passion to demand from this body
whatever satisfaction it chooses.
And as I think the exoneration of conscience, a freedom from the Synod's
guilt in this affair, and bearing a testimony for the cause of Christ, are the
motives which excite me to my present conduct ; that these ends may be an-
swered I humbly pray this Synod to insert this my protest and reasons in their
minutes. Signed by
John Strain.
The dissent of the Rev. Messrs. Roan, Cooper, Slemmons, and Dufiield, from
the same determination of Synod, was brought in and read in the following
words, via :
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 385
To the Reverend Synod of New York and Philadelphia :
It is with much real concern and distress of mind we find ourselves obliged
to inform this body that we can by no means approve the determination of this
Synod disposing of a number of members formerly belonging to the Donegall
Presbytery, as expressed in said determination. Our reasons are,
1. The only reason ever offered by the gentlemen now new modelled, for any
such step being taken, was bad temper and want of brotherly love, wliich tem-
per they prayed the Synod to indulge, and the Synod have in our opinion, con-
trary to the spirit of the Christian religion, granted them that indulgence.
2. The petition of those gentlemen for separation from their brethren of Do-
negall, did contain by necessary implication very heavy charges against their
brethren ; and the Synod have, by allowing them separation, confirmed those
charges without ever allowing their brethren so charged, the privilege of a fair
hearing, but positively refusing it, though repeatedly and earnestly prayed for by
the brethren thus charged.
3. The Synod have for three several years insisted that these gentlemen should
return and sit with their brethren ; this they have loudly complained of and
represented the Synod's conduct as tyrannical, and on this entered a declina-
ture in the year 1766, and have adhered to it ever since. The Synod have, by
their present act, declared that charge to have been well founded, and have
therefore themselves proposed as the very foundation of having that declina-
ture withdrawn, their renunciation of that sentiment, and approached to an ex-
pedient proposed by some of those gentlemen.
4. Those gentlemen have been in the judgment of this Synod and in the face
of the world, most zealously engaged in spreading schism, rending congrega-
tions as far as in their power, and openly reproaching the Synod as arbitrary
and cruel ; all which conduct, we apprehend the Synod does patronize by this
determination of admitting them to membership without any proper acknow-
ledgment of their having acted wrong herein.
5. This determination, in our opinion, is a departing from and counteracting
the very spirit and design of the plan of union, as it is in a great part built on
the very footing of party, and instead of demolishing a Presbytery, which in
the judgment of many members of this house, ought not to be allowed an ex-
istence, it is increased and strengthened.
6. This determination is, in our opinion, formed also on the subversion of
discipline in the church, as it respects ministers, inasmuch as, according to this
determination, those gentlemen are as we apprehend covered over from being
called to account for any past mal-conduct, and brought into good standing
under the bare mention in the minute of synodical disapprobation for their
irregularity.
7. It is, in our opinion, setting a most pernicious precedent, as what has been
granted to them cannot consistently be refused to any others who may at any
time request it. But a request of disunion from their brethren thrice con-
demned by the Synod, and yet obstinately persisted in though never supported
by any one approved reason, has, in this determination, been granted them, aud
consequently any other repeatedly denied and unsupported request must here-
after be granted also.
8. This dtitermination manifestly erects a monument of division, in the body,
as a number of those brethren are not only granted separation from their breth-
ren of Donegall, but brought through ano"ther Presbytery and joined to a third
at the distau'cc of more than one hundred miles from some of the members, to
the great abuse of much precious time which might be better employed in some
other service. _
On the whole, the step taken by the Synod, however specious it may at trst
view appear, is, in our opinion, subversive of good order, derogatory to this
49
386 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768.
reverend body, prejudicial to the interests of religion, and evidently tending to
division, anarchy, and confusion, and as such we bear our open testimony against
it, and solemnly declare our dissent from it, and pray that this our dissent, and
the reasons of it, be entered in the records of this Synod.
John Roan,
John Slemmons,
Robert Cooper,
George Duffield.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26 day, at nine o^doch, A. M. TJie Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qid supra.
(Except Mr. McKinley, Mr. Rodgers' elder, who is gone home without
leave.)
The Synod proceeded to hear and consider a Latin letter to the Church of
Geneva, which was approved, and ordered to be transcribed, and signed by the
moderator.
A letter directed to the Synod of North Holland was also read and approved ;
and the Synod do appoint the following gentlemen to prepare letters to the fol-
lowing churches, viz. Mr. Rodgers, a letter to the Church of Holland ; and
Mr. Ewing, to the Church of Geneva; Mr. Joseph Treat, to the Church of
Switzerland; the moderator to the Church of Scotland; Mr. Robert Smith, to
the Synod of seceding ministers in Scotland; Dr. Williamson, to the ministers
in and about London ; Dr. Alison, to the Synod of L-cland ; Mr. McWhorter,
to the Churches in South Caralina; and Mr. Kirkpatrick, to the ministers in
and about Dublin. And these letters are ordered to be prepared and ready to
be laid before the Synod early in their session next year.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M., to meet at the second Presbyterian Church.
Concluded with prayer.
Second Presbyterian Church, three o\locJc, P. M. The Synod met accord-
ing to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
A supplication was brought in from the honourable board of trustees of the
New Jersey College, praying assistance in supporting a Professor of Divinity
from the last year's collection, and was fully considered, and the Synod judge,
that they cannot give any part of the money collected last year towards the
support of a professor of Divinity in the said college, but do agree, and hereby
order, a general collection to be made for this purpose, in all our congregations ;
and that the money raised by this separate collection be applied particularly
by this Synod yearly, for this purpose, till expended ; and in the mean time, in
order to assist in supporting a Professor of Divinity in said college, the Synod
do agree to give the present Professor the sum of fifty pounds out of the money
now in the hands of our treasurer, to be refunded next year.
Ordered, That Mr. Treat, our treasurer, pay this sum to the trustees of New
Jersey College. Mr. McWhorter obtained leave to go home.
A supplication from Sussex, on Delaware, for missionaries, was brought in
and read.
An application on the behalf of several distressed societies on the frontiers
of Pennsylvania, and the South Branch of Potomac, was made by a member,
for missionaries to be sent among them.
Application was also made by a member on the behalf of Great Egg Har-
bour, and parts adjacent, for missionaries to be sent among them.
1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 387
Ordered, That Lewestown Presbytery appoint their candidates to supply
the Forest, in Sussex, on Delaware, eight Sabbaths, at the most convenient
places, for which the Synod order that their treasurer pay said candidates ei^ht
pounds.
Application was made by a member on the behalf of the back parts of Balti-
more and Frederick counties, in Maryland, requesting a missionary to be sent
among them. The Synod order that the Presbytery of New Castle supply
said parts by some of their candidates, or members, four Sabbaths, for which
the Synod allow four pounds.
Ordered, That Mr. Boyd supply at Great Egg Harbour, and parts adjacent,
four Sabbaths, viz. the three last Sabbaths of October, and the first of Novem-
ber, for which, together with his expenses in going there, the Synod allow him
five pounds. Also, that Mr. Thomas Smith supply them three Sabbaths at
discretion, taking care to notify them in due time, for which the Synod allow
him three pounds.
Ordered, That Mr. Roan supply at the South Branch of Potomac, three
Sabbaths at discretion, for which the Synod allow him four pounds ten shil-
lings.
Ordered, That Mr. Halsey supply two Sabbaths in Sherman's Valley, and
one at Bullskin, at discretion, for which the Synod allow him three pounds.
Ordered, That Mr. Jackson supply four Sabbaths north of the Kittatinning
Hills, for which the Synod allow him four pounds; and that Mr. Balch supply
four Sabbaths north of the Kittatinning Hills, for which the Synod allow him
four pounds.
Ordered, That Mr. Hunt supply the vacancies north of the city of Albany,
five Sabbaths, at discretion, for which he is allowed five pounds.
A call for Mr. McCreary, a candidate under the care of the New Castle Pres-
bytery from the inhabitants of Long Canes Settlement, in South Carolina, was
brought in and read; as also a supplication- to the Reverend Synod, requesting
their concurrence in presenting said call, and urging his acceptance thereof.
Also, another supplication from said place, requesting, (providing Mr. McCreary
should reject their call,) to grant them a stated supply for six months, of some
skilful minister. The Synod gave said call into the hands of Mr. McCreary,
requiring his answer to it, who replied, that he had not clearness at present to
determine either in favour or against the said call, and requested time to deli-
berate on it, which is granted, and the Synod recommend it to ]Mr. McCreary
to determine the matter as soon as conveniently he can, and give his answer to
New Castle Presbytery, who are desired in case of his accepting the said call,
to ordain him as soon as they can.
A supplication from Cathey's Settlement, and Fourth Creek, North Caro-
lina, requesting supplies, especially by Mr. McCreary, was brought in and
read.
A supplication also from Coddle Creek for supplies, especially by Mr.
McCreary, was brought in and read.
A supplication also from the Three Creeks, and upper part of Catawba River,
for supplies, especially for Mr. Bay, was brought in and read ; also, an appli-
cation by Mr. Bay, for supplies in behalf of Spotsylvania, in Virginia, Upper
Haw River, Deep River, Anson County, Bush River, Fair Forest, Indian Creek,
the forks of Tiger River, Union congregation, Bullock's Creek, Clark's Forest,
Bethel congregation. Fishing Creek, Hitchcock Creek," upon Pee Dec Piiver,
Pine Tree Hill, and Stephen's Creek.
A supplication from Steel Creek and Providence, in Mecklenburg county.
North Carolina, for supplies, was brought in and read, especially fur Mr.
Lewis, Mr. McCreary, or Mr. Potter, to continue some time with them in order
to settlement.
388 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768.
A supplication also from Timber Ridge, in Virginia, for supplies.
A memorial from Col. Alexander McNatt, in Nova Scotia, setting forth tlie
deplorable state of that new part of the Church, and earnestly requesting two
ordained ministers, to continue some time to ordain elders and organize the.
churches.
Also an application by Mr. Jackson, on the behalf of several congregations
in Augusta county, Virginia, for supplies.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, eight o'clock, to meet at Market-street
meeting-house. Concluded with prayer.
27 day, eight d'doch, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment
Post preccs sederunt qui supra.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have received Mr.
Joseph Tate, having withdrawn his declinature, and promising subjection to
the jurisdiction of this Synod, and he being present, took his seat.
A letter was read fi-om the Rev. Mr. Sacket, praying that the Synod would
take under their consideration the unhappy difference betwixt him and the
Presbytery of Dutchess county.
A supplication was also brought in and read from Bedford, in West Ches-
ter county, praying that a committee of this Synod may be appointed to meet
at said place to settle all differences in the congregation, and after due delibe-
ration, the Synod do appoint the following gentlemen to be a committee of
this Synod to meet at Bedford the last Wednesday of August, to hear all affairs
relative to both the above petitions, and finally settle all differences, viz.
Messrs. John Rodgers, Caldwell, McWhorter, William Tennent^ Lewis, Mills,
Close, Kerr, Reeve, Jones, Halt, and Joseph Treat.
A supplication was brought in and read from the Presbyterian Church in
the city of Albany, setting forth their distressed condition on the account of a
heavy debt contracted by building their church, praying assistance. The Synod
do sincerely pity their distressed condition, but find it is not in their power at
present to help them.
A petition was brought in by Messrs. Robert Knox and Anthony Pearson,
in behalf of themselves and fifty-one other persons, complaining of the second
Presbytery of Philadelphia, as Dr. Alison, Mr. Ewing, Mr. Patrick Alison,
they judge, are not competent judges in the affair of presenting a call to the
Rev. Patrick Alison, to the pastoral charge of the first Presbyterian Church in
this city, and was read, and fully considered, and the Synod judge that the
affair does not regularly come before this judicature, as there is now a sufficient
number of members to constitute a Presbytery, if these gentlemen, before men-
tioned, should be set aside as improper to judge in this affair.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Horton, Mr, Kerr, Mr. Kirkpatrick, Mr. Spencer, obtained leave to go
home.
Ordered, That the treasurer of the Synod pay to the janitor who attended
us last year, the sum of three pounds, and the same sum to the janitor for
this year.
Mr. Montgomery has leave to join the New Castle Presbytery, obtaining a
regular dismission from Lewes, but it is ordered he attend with the Lewes
Presbytery at Buckingham, the third Wednesday of November.
The Synod do appoint the Rev. Mr. Bay to pay a visit to the vacancies
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 389
above the city of Albany, for six Sabbaths, as soon as convenient, for which he
is to receive six pounds.
The Synod do appoint Mr. Jackson, a licensed candidate in the Presbytery
of New York, to take a journey to the southern provinces; and in order more
fully to answer the end of his mission, the Synod do recommend it to either
the Presbyteries of Donegall or Hanover, to ordain the said Mr. Jackson as
soon as possible.
Mr. Halsey is also appointed to take a journey to the southern provinces.
Mr. Tate is appointed also to take a journey to the western parts of Virginia,
and to North Carolina, in the fall of this year, if the'state of his congregation
will permit.
And the moderator and clerk are ordered to give the above gentlemen proper
credentials ; and also to Mr. Lewis, if he should think proper to go to North
Carolina next fall ; also to Mr. Bay.
The Synod can send no missionaries to Nova Scotia this year, but determine
to consider it next Synod.
Mr. Anderson is appointed to take a tour on the Western frontiers of this
Province, to set off as soon as possible, and preach in the vacancies on these
frontiers at least twelve Sabbaths, for which he is to receive twenty shillings for
every Sabbath that he preaches on the other side of the Kittatiuuiug Moun-
tains, and to take his directions from the Donegall Presbytery.
Mr. McCreary is also appointed to preach over these mountains four Sab-
baths, at the directions of the Donegall Presbytery, for which he is to receive
four pounds.
The Synod order ]Mr. Strain to supply the Second Presbyterian Church in
Philadelphia the first Sabbath of June; Mr. Green, the second; Mr. Eakin,
the third and fourth Sabbaths ; Mr. Carmichacl, first Sabbath of July ; Mr.
Hunt, the third of July ; Mr. Chapman, the last of July and first of Au-
gust; Mr. Hunter, the second Sabbath; Mr. Richards, third and fourth of
August; Mr. Bay, first and second September; Mr. Carmichael, third Sep-
tember ; Mr. Robert Smith, fourth of September and first of October ; j\Ir.
Montgomery, second and third of October; Mr. Woodruff, fourth and fifth of
October.
Ordered, That the moderator sign all letters to the foreign churches.
Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, 10 of the clock, A. M. to
meet at the Second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia.
Concluded with prayer.
1769.
Philadelphia, May 17th, 1769.
The Synod of New Y'ork and Philadelphia met according to adjournment,
at the second Presbyterian church in this city. Uhi jwst 2yreces sedcrimt
From the Presbytery of Donegall : the Rev. George Duffield, John Strain,
Robert Cooper, John Slemmons, John Craighead.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : the Rev John Miller, IMatthew Wilson.
Of New Castle Presbytery : the Rev. Alexander McDowel, Robert Smith,
William McKennan, Jolm 3I(>ntgomery, James Finley, John Carmichacl.
Of first Philadelphia Presbytery: the Rev. Richard Treat, Andrew llniitcr,
John Brainerd, Benjamin Chesnutt, William Ramsey, John Clark, Kuocli
Green.
Of second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Alison, John Simonton,
John Ewiug, James Latta, Patrick Alison.
890 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1769.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. John Blair, William Kirkpatrick,
John Kosborough.
Of Suffolk Presbytery : the Rev. John Close.
Of New York Presbytery : the Rev. Azariah Horton, Dr. Rodgers, Aaron
Richards, Benjamin Hait, James Caldwell.
Elders : Messrs. Benjamin Blaith, Thomas Conary, Robert Macky, William
Brown, Maskel Ewing, Isaac Abraham, James Sterret, James Rolston, John
Brooks, William P. Smith, Christopher Hughs, John Maxwell, Az. McClane,
Dr. Williamson.
Absent of Hanover Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Blaith, Craig, Zancky,
Brown, Todd, McCadden, Rice, Patillo, Criswell, D. Caldwell, Cummins, Wad-
dle, Alexander, Leak.
Donegall Presbytery : the Rev. Mr. Samuel Thomson, John Rowan, John
Hogg, James Hunt, James Lang.
Lewestown Presbytery : the Rev. Charles Tennent, John Harris, Alexander
Huston, James McCrakin, John Bacon.
New Castle Presbytery : the Rev. Elihu Spencer, Andrew Bay, John Mc-
Creary.
First Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. Charles Beatty, Nehemiah Grreen-
man.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. John Elder, John Steel, Robert
McMordie.
New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. Charles McKnight, James Read, John
Hannah, Samuel Kennedy, Jer. Halsey, James Lyon, Job Prudden.
Suffolk Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Prime, Buel, White, Brown, Barker,
Groldsmith, Talmage, Rose, Lewis, Mills, Potter, Occum.
The whole Presbytery of Dutchess County.
New York Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Jacob Green, John
Moffat, John Elmer, John Darby, Abner Reeve, Nathan Kerr, Benjamin
Woodruff, Azariah Roe, Francis Peppard, John Maltby, Hugh Knox, Simon
Horton, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph Treat, J. Chapman,
James Tuttle, Timothy Jones.
Mr. John Blair, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon
from Rev. iii. 2, last clause.
Mr. Kirkpatrick was chosen moderator.
Mr. Caldwell and Mr. Patrick Alison were chosen clerks.
Mr. Halt's and Mr. Latta's reasons for being absent last year, sustained.
Donegall Presbytery report, that Mr. Samuel Thompson and Mr. James
Lang have joined them, according to the minutes of the last Synod.
Lewestown Presbytery report, they have ordained to the work of the gospel
ministry Mr. John Brown.
New Castle Presbytery report, the Rev. Mr. Adam Boyd was removed by-
death, Nov. 20, 1768. That they ordained to the work of the gospel ministry,
Mr. John McCreary, William Forster, and Mr. Joseph Smith, the two last of
whom being present took their seats with Mr. James Huston, Mr. Smith's
elder. And they further report, they have, licensed to preach as candidates,
Mr. John Woodhull, Mr. Josiah Lewis, Mr. Hezekiah Balch ; that Mr. Samp-
son Smith and Mr. John Baird had joined their Presbytery, according to the
minutes of the last Synod ; and that they have suspended from the exercise
of the gospel ministry, Mr. Sampson Smith, and that they have received the
Rev. Daniel McClelland as a member of their Presbytery, who being present
took his seat.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, they have ordained to the work
of the gospel ministry, Mr. Alexander Mitchell, and received the Rev. Mr.
James Sproat, late a member of the association of New Haven, in Connecticut,
17G9.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 391
who being present took their seats with their elders, Mr. Robert Patterson and
Mr. Gunning Bedford.
The second Phihidelphia Presbytery report, that Mr. John Ehler, Mr. John
Steel, and Mr. Robert McMordie, joined them, according to the minute of the
last Synod.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have received the Rev. Dr.
John Witherspoon, late member of the Presbytery of Paisley, in Scotland, who
being present took his seat. That the Rev. Mr. James McCrea was removed
by death the tenth day of this instant, and that they have licensed Mr. Jacob
Van Arsdalen to preach as a candidate.
New York Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the gospel ministry,
Mr. James Tuttle, and that Mr. Moses Tuttle has withdrawn himself from our
jurisdiction.
By a minute laid before us, signed by the moderator of the Presbytery of
Hanover, we are informed that Mr. Thomas Jackson and IMr. Samuel Leak were
ordained by that Presbytery to the work of the gospel ministry. Mr. Jackson
being present took his seat.
The Synod appoint for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Mr. Cooper, Mr.
Wilson, Mr. Finley, Mr. Ramsey, Mr. Latta, Mr. Blair, Mr. Halt, Mr. Close,
and Mr. Jackson, with Mr. Maxwell, Mr. Sterret, and Maskel Ewing, elders,
to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and as often afterwards as busi-
ness may require.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
lS(h dai/, nine o'cJocA; A. 31., (lie Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
With the Rev. William Tennent, John Hogg, and Alexander McWhorter,
who gave sufficient i-easons for not attending yesterday. Also, Dr. Burnet, Jo-
seph Cowen, and Hugh Whiteford, elders, are now present.
Mr. Miller and Mr. Braiuerd are appointed a committee to examine the Pres-
bytery book of Donegall.
Mr. Wilson and 31r. Montgomery are appointed a committee to examine the
first Philadelphia Presbytery book.
Dr. Rodgers and Mr. McWhorter are appointed a committee to examine the
Presbytery book of New Brunswick.
Mr. Robert Smith and Mr. Duffield are appointed a committee to examine
the Presbytery book of New Y^ork.
The Presbytery books of Hanover, Lewestown, New Castle, the second Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia, Suffolk and Dutchess County, are not present.
Ordered, That those books be brought next Synod.
Mr. Tate is now come, and his reasons for not attending sooner are sustained.
The committee appointed last year to prepare a plan for propagating the gos-
pel among the Indians, report, that it appeared to them as yet inexpedient to
enter on that important work.
Ordered, That Dr. Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Mr. Brainerd,
and Mr. Ewing, be a committee to consult whether any plan can yet be de-
vised for the purpose afuresaid, and make report to the Synod next Tuesday
morning.
The Synod appoint for their commission for the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, Sproat, ]?lair, Lewis,
Mills, Azariah Horton, Jones, AVilliam Tennent, Reed, Hunter, Ewing, Spen-
cer, Roan, Robert Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Duffield, and Close, with the
moderator; with elders, Dr. Burnet, Dr. Williamson, Gunning Bedford, Wil-
liam P. Smith, and Maskel Ewing, thirteen of whom to be a quorum; but if
392 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769.
the moderator die or be absent, the first mentioned on the roll in the minute
shall have power to call the commission and preside.
Mr. Spencer is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained; his
elder, Valentine Duchene, is also present.
Mr. Richard Treat is appointed treasurer for the Synod, and the several
Presbjterial treasurers are desired to give him in their accounts by Saturday
morning.
Mr. Jackson and Mr. Joseph Tate complied with the appointment of last
Synod to supply to the southward.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra. (With Mr. Steel.)
The committee appointed to meet at Bedford, report, they accordingly met
and their minutes being produced were read, and the Synod approve of what
they did except that part of their judgment which disunited Mr. Sacket from
the Presbytery of Dutchess and annexed him to the Presbytery of New York,
the propriety of which being debated, the question was put approve or not ?
which was carried in the negative by a great majority ; and Mr. Sacket is there-
fore returned to the Presbytery of Dutchess county.
From Mr. Brainerd's report respecting the school under his inspection, which
the Synod agreed to support, we find it hath not been kept up more than half
the last year, for which we therefore allow him fifteen pounds, which is half of
what was voted last year. But as he expects he shall be able to continue that
school the current year, having provided a master for that purpose, voted that
he be allowed thirty pounds for the support of it.
Ordered also. That Mr. Brainerd shall receive for the current year the sum
of eighteen pounds, being the interest of the money in the hands of the trea-
surer of the college of New Jersey for the support of an Indian mission, and
that he also have twenty pounds from the Synodical treasurer for the continu-
ance of his labours in the year past, in those desolate parts where he has been
usefully employed, and the Synod desire Mr. Brainerd to supply in these parts
as formerly.
The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. General Convention at Elizabeth-
town last October, laid before the Synod the minutes of the convention agree-
able to a standing order for that purpose.
As the next general convention is to meet the fourteenth of September at
New Haven, the Synod appoint to attend on that occasion the following mem-
bers, viz : the Rev. Messrs. John Strain, Richard Treat, ^James Sproat, John
Brainerd, Joseph Montgomery, John Craighead, Jacob Kerr, Elihu Spence,
John Ewiug, Patrick Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, William Tennent, Dr. Rodgers,
Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, John Close, Samuel Buel, Solomon
Mead, and Wheeler Case ; Dr. Witherspoon is appointed to open the conven-
tion, or in case of his absence Dr. Rodgers.
Mr. Azariah Horton has leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
19 day, nine o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preccs
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Carmichael, elder, has leave to go home.
The committee appointed to dispose of the interest of the money in the
hands of the treasurer of the New Jersey College, for support of poor and
pious youth in said college, laid their proceedings before us, and it appears
17G9.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 393
that they have disposed of twenty pounds for the purpose mentioned. Thoro
will be in the hands of the treasurer to be disbursed next October, sixty-two
pounds, and the Synod appoint as a committee for the present year to attend
at the New Jersey college the third Wednesday of August, and dispose of said
sum, the Rev. Messrs. Dr. Witherspoon, William Tenncut, Brainerd, Guild,
Evving, Blair, Caldwell, Reed, and the moderator.
The order of Synod respecting a plan laid down by some lay elders at a for-
mer session and adopted by this Synod, came under consideration, and it appears
from the report of several Presbyteries, that only a few of them have en-
deavoured to execute this plan ; the Synod renew their last year's order with
relation to so useful an overture, and earnestly recommend to all their Presby-
teries to use their utmost endeavours to secure the success of it before our
meeting in May next.
To the question concerning the business and power of the committee of over-
tures proposed last year, the Synod answer, that committee is intended to
introduce business into the Synod in an orderly manner, that they may give
advice concerning either the matter or manner of overtures brought to them,
but have not power to suppress any thing that comes regularly before them
from inferior judicatures according to our known rules, or such overtures and
petitions as inferior judicatures or particular persons desire to have laid before
this Synod.
A proposal was made last Synod and the consideration of it deferred to this,
that we should endeavour to agree upon some plan to prevent irregularities in
respect of marriage. And after some conversation on said proposal, agreed to
defer it to the next Synod, and it is expected every member will bo prepared to
give his seutiments on said ]3roposal at that time, sLating what irregularities he
imagines prevail, and what method he would propose to prevent them.
From the representations that have been made to us concerning the situation
of Nova Scotia, we are of opinion that it is not expedient to ajjpoiut any mis-
sionaries to that province at this time.
A petition from the congregation of Little Britain was brought in and read,
requesting to be set off from the Donegall Presbytery and put under the care
of the New Castle Presbytery, which is more convenient to them. The Synod
grant their petition, but as there are some matters depending between Mr.
Hunt and said congregation now before the Donegall Presbytery, the Synod
order, that these be there judged and determined notwithstanding this regu-
lation.
Adjourned till three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. the Sijnod met according to adjournment. Post precei
sederunt qui suj)ra.
Joseph Cowan, Mr. Horton's elder, has leave to go home.
A motion was introduced from the committee of overtures, that the Synod
should consider what they would do in case of persons who, breaking ofi' from
their body, are not subject to the inspection of any Presbytery, and yet may
by their conduct bring a reproach on them, as being supposed to continue
still in connexion with them. It was particularly represented that Mr. Kin-
kaid is by many given out to be a Presbyterian minister, though his conduct
is no way cognizable by us. The Synod, after inquiring into the facts, find
that he had not only gone off of himself, but was publicly disowned by the
Presbytery of Philadelphia, and has never been a member of any Presbytery
of this Synod since the union of the Synods of New York and Philadelphia,
and therefore they are persuaded that this conduct cannot, by any candid per-
son, be considered as having any influence on them whether good or bad.
50
304 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769.
On tills account they see no necessity of either inquiry or vindication as to
him, ,but recommend it to Presbyteries to be precise and accurate in making
the dates of the desertion or separation of any of their members, and to give
sentence definitely as to the continuance or dissolution of their relation.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
20th day, nine o'cIocJi, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
(With Mr. John Montgomery, Mr. Steel's elder.)
Mr. Maxwell, Mr. Montgomery's elder, has leave to go home.
Mr. Halsey is now come, and the reasons given by him for his not coming
sooner are sustained.
Mr. McClelland has leave to go home.
Mr. Thomas McCrakin and Mr. John Creary are now come, and their
reasons for not coming sooner are sustained.
The committee of overtures have brought' in an appeal of Mrs. Jane Ten-
nent, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Lewestown upon several com-
plaints prosecuted by her before them, against her husband the Rev. Mr. Charles
Tennent, but as the minutes of the Presbytery are not bere, the Synod cannot
proceed to hear the appeal now, but order it to lie over till next year, when both
parties are required to be ready for trial.
Mr. Robert Patterson has leave to go home.
Adjourned till Monday morning ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Monday, ten o'cIocA-, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post j^reces
sederunt qui supra..
The Rev. Mr. James Long, together with his elder, Mr. "William Alison, are
now come; Mr. Long's absence from Synod till this time, excused.
The supplies ordered at our last session were fulfilled as follows, Mr. Boyd
complied with his appointment to Egg Harbour. Mr. Roan complied with his
to the branches of Potomac, and communicated in a letter to Mr. Duffield, which
was read, a circumstantial account of the situation of that desolate country and
his itinerating there. The Synod agree to give Mr. Roan for his great labours
in that part eight pounds ten shillings, in addition to what they voted him last
year. Messrs. Halsey, Hezekiah James Balch, and McCreary, have complied
with theirs ; in consideration of Mr. McCreary's great services on his mission
to the western frontiers of this province, the Synod vote him an additional
allowance of five pounds.
A paper signed by Alexander Miller, containing various matters of complaint
against the Presbytery of Hanover, who deposed him May 3d, 1765, was
brought in and read, he being present, which is as follows :
To the Rev. Synod of New York and Philadelphia :
Rev. Gentlemen — Be pleased to attend to the case and redress the grievances
of a member injured by some members of Hanover Presbytery. The case is as
follows :
Mr. Rice brought an affidavit (in what manner proved I know not) to a cer-
tain meeting of Hanover Presbytery, insinuating some reflections on my conduct
at a certain place.
Though the paper was formed extra-judicially, yet I was willing, and even
urged, for an appointment to be made to go and inquire into the rise and ground
of said report, which was granted and made. In consequence hereof I rode
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 895
four hundred miles to the place, but found no Presbytery, and that Mr. Todd,
by his sole authority, prevented the same.
Sometime afterwards, and on the very day our Presbytery was judicially
appointed to meet at another place, at a very considerable distance, Mr. Todd
with two other members went to this, (without judicial appointment) assumed
the name and authority of Hanover Presbytery, and even ordained a man, re-
ceived charges against me, and judged me in my absence, and appointed the
time and place of the next meeting : but incapacitated and prevented by their
conduct the meeting of the Presbytery according to appointment.
At the time appointed for nest meeting I attended, and, after reasoning on
their conduct, it was mutually agreed, on certain conditions, to nullify what was
past, and that the Presbytery be full at the trial.
I attended at the time and place, but that Presbytery having failed in the
performing the conditions stipulated on their part, and finding them resolved to
proceed to judgment, contrary to their engagements, I gave in a declinature
and appealed to the Synod, and gave them the reasons, and left thein.
After which, as appears by their minutes, they judged the validity of my
reasons of appeal, examined witnesses against me, formed, published, and or-
dered a libel to be publicly read against me, and assumed a power to depose
me from the ministerial office in my absence, and after I had appealed to the
Synod.
The next meeting of Presbytery I applied to the moderator and clerk to have
a testimonial of my declinature, reasons of appeal, and a copy of their minutes,
but was refused.
This prevented me from applying to you in a way I thought orderly until
the third instant, I got a copy of some of their proceedings, of which I com-
plain of the following things, viz :
1. That the Presbytery did not meet to do me justice, according to appoint-
ment, Mr. Todd preventing the first, and many of the members not attending or
fulfilling their engagements at the last, and that they have acted presbyterially
without appointment.
2. That they received accusations, administered oaths to persons against me,
and condemned me in my absence, and made themselves judges and parties in
some cases.
3. That they judged my reasons of appeal, and appear to blame me for ap-
pealing. In this I complain they have acted contrary to the fifth article of the
plan of union.
4. That their minutes are dark and imperfect, containing, &c. &c. &c., in-
stead of facts and full history.
5. For saying that the evidences were of unblamable reputation when they
knew, or might have known, the contrary, by inspecting their oaths and various
representations they have given.
6. That they assumed a power not granted them by warrant from Christ, or
ceded to them in the plan of union.
These are some of my complaints, to which I can add many more, and will
make it apparent to impartial judges that they are not without foundation; and
if you please to do me justice and redress my grievances occasioned by thi'se
men, it will very much redound to your credit in the world, the honour of thi.^
judicatory, and oblige a sufi"erer.
(Signed by) Alex. Miller, M. A.
As also an attested copy of the Presbytery's minutes relating to his trial and
deposition.
After some time spent on this business the further examination of it is de-
ferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
396 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769.
Three o^clocJc, P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post j:>re-
ces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of Mr. Miller's case resumed. Mr. Miller was asked,
whether he was a member of this Synod and subject to its authority and juris-
diction. He answered he was, and referred to the introduction of the paper he
laid before the Synod, signed with his name, which is in these words, " Be
pleased to attend to the case and redress the grievances of a member injured by
some members of Hanover Presbytery."
After Mr. Alexander Miller's complaint was heard, it was deferred till to-
morrow morning. Mr. Hart has leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
23(? day^ at nine d'cloclc. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of Mr. Alexander Miller's complaint resumed, and upon
full inquiry the Synod conclude, that as the Presbytery of Hanover are not
present, and it has not been made appear before us that they were cited to be
present, or informed that Mr. Alexander Miller intended to lodge a complaint
against them before the Synod, at this time, we cannot now enter upon the con-
sideration of the merits of the complaint, but order both the Presbytery and
Mr. Alexander Miller to attend our next Synod prepared for a full hearing,
and, in the mean time, on account of Mr. Miller's uujustifiable delay for some
years to enter his complaint before us, the irregularity of his proceedings dur-
ing that time, and the atrocious nature of the crimes laid to his charge, we do
hereby declare him suspended from the exercise of the ministerial office till his
complaint can be fully heard.
Mr. Alexander Miller was called in, and the above determination of the Sy-
nod read in his hearing, whereupon he gave in a paper, renouncing the authority
of the Synod. Upon which the Synod find, that as Mr. Miller was deposed by
the Presbytery of Hanover he declined the judgment of that Presbytery and
appealed to this Synod : and while we were taking measures to try and issue
his complaint, he, in the paper aforesaid, hath renounced our authority. The
Synod therefore declare he is not a member of this body, and forbid all their
Presbyteries and congregations to employ him.
An application from the Trustees of the College of New Jersey was brought
in and read, requesting the assistance of the Synod to raise money for the ne-
cessary support of the said College. The Synod looking upon this as a matter
of great importance, appoint Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Blair, and Mr. William P.
Smith, a committee to make a suitable representation of the state of the col-
lege to lay before this Synod, which we may recommend for the information of
our several congregations. And the Synod agree, that certain particular per-
sons be appointed to go through our bounds and use their utmost endeavours
to obtain subscriptions, in part, and after they have done all they can they shall
leave the several subscriptions opened by them with the most convenient minis-
ters, or other proper persons, to have them filled up where any thing more can
be done; and each Presbytery is enjoined to take care that every member be
active and diligent to forward and complete those subscriptions, of which they
are to give an account at our next Synod ; and the persons appointed to this
business, and the bounds assigned them, are as follows, viz :
Mr. Duffield and iNIr. R. Smith to York and Cumberland and parts of Lan-
caster county above the town; Mr. Spencer and Mr. McDowell to Chester
county, and the lower parts of Lancaster county ; Mr. Ramsey and Mr. John
Miller to Kent, Sussex, and the Eastern Shore of Maryland; Mr. Montgomery
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 397
to New Castle county; Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Ewing, and Mr. Sproat to
• Bucks county and Philadelphia; Mr. Braiuerd to Burlington, Gloucester, and
Cape May counties ; Mr. Tennent, Mr. Read, and the moderator, to 3Iiddle-
sex, Monmouth, Hunterdon, Somerset and parts adjacent; Dr. Rodgers to
Essex, Morris, and Susses counties, and Mr. McWhorter to the bounds of
Dutchess Presbytery, provided there appears proper encouragement for an ap-
plication there ; Mr. Blair and Mr. Kerr to Goshen, and parts adjacent ; Mr.
Craig and Mr. Jackson to the upper parts of Virginia ; Mr, Waddle to the
lower parts of Virginia; Mr. Patrick Alison and Mr. Montgomery to the West-
ern Shore of Maryland; Mr. Kirkpatrick to Charleston, South Carolina, and
such other places as may be expedient for him to apply to ; and we appoint to
supply his pulpit, New Brunswick Presbytery the month of December ; Mr.
Watt the month of January ; the Presbytery of New York the month of Febru-
ary; Mr. Latta the two first Sabbaths in March, and the first Philadelphia
Presbytery the rest of the month of March ; Mr. Close the two first Sabbaths
of April ; Mr. Mills the third and fourth, and Mr. Lewis the fifth Sabbath of
April. Dr. Witherspoon and Mr. Caldwell are appointed to go and endeavour
to obtain subscriptions for the college in the lower parts of Virginia, and their
respective Presbyteries are required to supply their pulpits in their absence,
and the Synod order, that the above-mentioned persons to make collections for
the college, do make report of their success to the trustees of said college at next
commencement, except those who are sent upon such distant missions that they
cannot finish them before that time.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clodc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sedeimnt qui supra.
Agreeable to a former resolution of this Synod to correspond with foreign
churches, the following letters were brought in by the gentlemen appointed for
that purpose, viz : one by Dr. Rodgers to the Synod of New Holland, another
by JMr. Ewing to the church of Geneva, another by Mr. Blair to the church of
Scotland, another by Mr. Wilson (who was appointed instead of 3Ir. Joseph
Treat) to the church of Switzerland, another by Jlr. McWhorter to the
churches in South Carolina, another by Mr. Kirkpatrick to the churches in
and about Dublin, another by Mr. Robert Smith to the Synod of seceding min-
isters in Scotland.
Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Duflaeld, Mr. Halsey, and Mr. Montgomery, with
the aforesaid gentlemen who have made the drafts of those letters, are appointed
a committee for correction, that a fair draft of them may be laid before us to-
morrow.
JMessrs. Mitchell and Foster have leave of absence.
A petition from the congregation of AUentown, in the forks of Delaware, to
be taken from under the care of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, and to be
put under the care of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, was brought in and
read. After the committee on behalf of the congregation and both Presbyte-
ries concerned were heard, it appeared not expedient for the present to grant
the prayer of the petition. But the Synod order the first Presbytery of Phila-
delphia to inquire more particularly into the state and connection of that con-
gregation, and empower said Presbytery to set them off to the Presbytery of
New Brunswick if it should appear expedient; or if it should appear more ex-
pedient to set off the congregation of Greenwich to the first Presbytery of Phil-
adelphia, the Presbytery of New Brunswick are empowered to set them off.
Mr. Conary and Mr. i\Iaskell Ewing have leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, uiue o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
898 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1769.
2Ath day, nine o^docJc. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery book of Donegall was revised and approved, except their
meddling with matters of divorce
The iirst Philadelphia Presbytery book was revised and approved.
The Presbytery book of New York was revised and approved.
The committee appointed to prepare a representation of the college, brought
it in, which, after it was read, amended, and approved, was committed to Dr.
Witherspoon, to take care that five hundred copies be printed for the use of the
Synod.
At the request of Seceding ministers, Dr. Witherspoon moved to have a com-
mittee appointed to converse with them, with a view to bring about an union
betwixt them and this Synod.
Also a petition from several inhabitants about Marsh Creek was brought in,
praying this Synod would use their endeavours to form an union with the
Seceders, upon which ordered, that Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Mr. Blair,
Mr. William Tennent, Mr. McDowell, Mr. Robert Smith, Mr. McWhorter, and
Mr. Caldwell, three of whom to be a quorum, be a committee for said purpose,
and that Dr. Witherspoon be empowered to call the committee at such time
and place as may be convenient, and that they have power to adjourn themselves
from time to time.
A petition was introduced requesting supplies for Great Egg Harbour, to
which place Mr. Clark is appointed the two first Sabbaths of July, and as
much longer as he can, and Mr. Van Arsdalen the month of September, and aa
much longer as he can.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The congregation of Chesnut Level, formerly under the care of the Done-
gall Presbytery, are, at their own request, put under the care of the New Cas-
tle Presbytery.
The committee of the Synod appointed to attend the corporation for the re-
lief of poor Presbyterian ministers, &c. to dispose of a certain sum of money
in the hands of that corporation, which was raised in Scotland, and to be laid
out by the corporation, in conjunction with the Synod's committee, laid a re-
gular account of their proceedings before the Synod, which was approved.
The Synod agree to continue the same committee the present year.
The New Brunswick Presbytery book was received and approved, except the
recording some letters wrote to a distant member.
Mr. Amos Thompson, a minister of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, liv-
ing in Virginia, is joined to the Presbytery of Donegall.
The Synod taking into their serious consideration the prevalence of irreli-
gion and immorality, the lamentable decay of vital piety, and the threatening
aspect of our public aifairs, appoint the last Thursday of June to be observed
as a day of fasting, humiliation, and prayer. Should this day be found incon-
venient for any of our ministers, they are allowed to fix on any other day that
may suit them better.
As Mr. Oliver Demming, a licensed candidate from an association in Con-
necticut, and inclining to supply some time in our vacancies, proposes taking
a ride to Connecticut, where he informs us it is probable he may stay till he
receives ordination, the Synod order should he return ordained, or recom-
mended by any association in that colony, and prosecuting his intention of
1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 399
visiting the Carolinas, that Mr. Caldwell, one of our clerks, furnish him with
properly authenticated testimonials as a missionary from the Synod. Or should
Mr. Demming choose to put himself under the care of one of our Presbyteries
for ordination, such Presbytery finding him qualified upon trial, are hereby au-
thorized to ordain him, provided he undertakes this mission.
Mr. Caldwell had leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
25th day, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod order their treasurer to pay the sexton of the second Presbyte-
rian church in this city three pounds, for his attendance during the present
session.
The Synod vote the Rev. Mr. John Blair moderator, pro tempore, in order
to his signing a certificate for the present moderator, who is appointed on a
mission to Charleston. This being done the former moderator resumed the
chair.
The persons appointed to write to the several churches, as mentioned in a
former minute, brought in letters which were read, approved, and some of them
signed by the moderator, who is authorized to sign the others before he leaves
town, they yet being not fairly transcribed. Dr. Piodgers is appointed to trans-
mit the letters to the churches of Holland, Geneva, and Switzerland; and Dr.
Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, and the moderator, to transmit the rest.
The Synod agree to give the honourable board of trustees of the New Jersey
College, towards supporting a Professor of Divinity in that institution, sixty
pounds for the last year, and sixty pounds for the current year, out of the
collections made in our congregations for this purpose, agreeable to an order
of last session. The fifty pounds lent that honourable board last year is
refunded.
The Synod proceeded to the consideration of supplies, but deferred making
any appointments till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cloch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of supplies was resumed, and the following appointments
made for the present year.
The Ptev. Messrs. John Harris, John Clark, Jeremiah Halscy, James Latta,
Jonathan Elmore, Thomas Lewis, and Josiah Lewis, a licensed candidate, are
appointed to supply in the vacancies of Virginia, North Carolina, and those
parts of South Carolina under our care, to set off as soon, and spend as much
time among them as they conveniently can on this important mission.
Mr. Hezekiah James Balch, a licensed candidate under the care of Donegall
Presbytery, is appointed on the same mission, and the Presbytery to which he
belongs are authorized to ordain him, if upon trial he acquits himself accord-
ing to their satisfaction, and accepts a call from Carolina.
Ordered, That our stated clerk give these missionaries proper testimonials.
Mr. James Anderson, a licensed candidate, is appointed to supply at discre-
tion in N. Virginia.
As it is probable that ministers, or licensed candidates from New England,
or other parts, may ofier themselves to undertake a southern mission, the Synod
hereby appoint, should any such offer, the liev. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Treat,
400 MINUTES OP THE SYNOD OP [1770.
Ewing, and Spi'Ofvt, to be a committee to examine their testimonials, and upon
obtaining sufficient satisfaction respecting their character and cjualifications, to
furnish them with proper certificates as missionaries from the Synod to the
southward.
The Synod agree to pay those missionaries who supply in poor congregations,
thirty shillings each Sabbath they preach.
Ordered, That the New York Presbytery supply the poor vacancies on the
frontiers of New Jersey and New York, ten Sabbaths ; that Donegall Presby-
tery supply the western frontier of this province, ten Sabbaths ; that Mr. Car-
michael supply four Sabbaths on the South Branch of Potomac, and parts ad-
jacent, and Mr. Long three.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May, ten of the clock, A. M., to meet
at the first Presbyterian Church in New York, Concluded with prayer.
1770.
New York, May \^t\ 1770.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
TJhi post j^reces sederunt
From the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Richard Treat, Benjamin
Chesnutt, James Sproat, Charles Beatty, John Clark.
From the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. John Ewing, Patrick
Alison.
From the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Joseph Montgomery.
From the Presbytery of Lewestown : The Rev. John Bacon.
From the Presbytery of Donegall : The Rev. Robert Cooper.
From the Presbytery of Hanover : The Rev. Joseph Alexander.
From the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Israel Reed, Jeremiah
Halsey, William Tennent.
From the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. John Blair, Dr. Rodgers,
Azariah Horton, Benjamin Halt, Benjamin AVoodruif, Alexander McWhorter,
Joseph Treat, Aaron Richards, Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, Abner Brush, James
Caldwell.
From the Presbytery of Suffolk : The Rev. William Mills, John Close, Elam*
Potter.
Elders : Messrs. John McCalley, Garrett Noel, Samuel Allen, Peter V. B.
Livingston, James Manning, Robert Ogden, Elias Bailey, Aaron Mattison.
Absent : Of the first Presbytei-y of Philadelphia : The Rev. Andrew Hun-
ter, William Ramsey, Enoch Green, Nehemiah Greenman, John Brainerd, Alex-
ander Mitchell, John Griffiths.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. John Steel, John Elder,
Joseph Tate, John Simonton, Robert McMordie, James Latta.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Alexander McDowell, James Finley,
William McKcnnau, Robert Smith, John Beard, John Carmichael, William
Forster, Andrew Bay, John McCreary, Joseph Smith, Elihu Spencer.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. John Miller, Matthew Wilson, Jacob
Kerr, Alexander Huston, John Harris, Thomas McCracken.
Of Donegall Presbytery : The Rev. Samuel Thompson, John Roan, George
Dufficld, John Hogg, John Strain, Amos Thompson, John Slemmous, John
Craighead, James Long, James Hunt.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. John Todd, James Waddel, David Rice,
Richard Zanchy, James Black, John Brown, Charles Cummings, Craig,
Thomas Jackson, Henry Patillo, Thomas McCaddeu, James Crisswell, David
Caldwell, Samuel Leak.
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 401
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Withcrspoon, Charles
McKnight, John Guild, John Hanna, Thomas Smith, John Ilosborough,
James Lyon, Job Prudden.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. John Pierson, Simon Horton, John
Moffat, John Darby, Timothy Jones, Jonathan Elmer, Hugh Knox, Jedediah
Chapman, Jacob Green, James Tuttle, Thomas Lewis, Francis Peppard.
Of Dutchess Presbytery : The Rev. John Smith, Chauncey Graham, Wheeler
Case, Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Elihu Kent, Solomon Mead, Samuel Dun-
lop, and Joseph Peck.
Of Suffolk Presbytery : The Rev. Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, Samuel
Buel, James Brown, Neheraiah Barker, Benjamin Talmage, Samson Occum,
David Rose, Benjamin Goldsmith.
By reason of the death of Mr. Kirkpatrick, our last year's moderator, the
Synod was opened by Mr. John Blair, who was moderator the year before, with
a sermon from 2 Cor. iv. 2.
The Rev. Mr. Alexander McWhorter was chosen moderator, and Messrs.
Joseph Treat and Jeremiah Halsey clerks.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
17//i doy^ nine dcJoch, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
joreces sederunt qui supra.
The Rev. Dr. Alison and Samuel Kennedy are now come, and their reasons
for not attending yesterday were sustained. Mr. William Arman, Mr. Ken-
nedy's elder, is also come.
The reasons which were given by the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Alexander, John
Bacon, Charles Beatty, Israel Reed, Samuel Kennedy, Nathan Kerr, Benjamin
Woodruff, Azel Roe, Abner Brush, Joseph Treat, and William Mills, for their
absence from the last session of the Synod, were sustained.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, since our last Synod they have
ordained to the work of the gospel ministry Mr. James Boyd and Mr. James
Watt. Mr. Boyd being present took his seat.
Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, they have ordained Mr. Samuel
Eakin.
New Castle Presbytery report, they have licensed to preach as candidates
Messrs. James Wilson and Daniel Jones ; and Mr. Daniel McCleland was dis-
missed from them to go into New England.
Lewestown Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach as a candi-
date Mr. William Mackey Tennent ; and have suspended from the work of the
gospel ministry Mr. Charles Teunent.
The Presbytery of Donegall report, they have ordained Messrs. Ilezekiah
James Balch and John King; and have licensed to preach as a candidate Mr.
Hugh Vance.
Hanover Presbytery report, they have ordained Mr. Hczekiah Balch.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. William Kirkpatrick
was removed by death September 8, 17<)9.
New York Presbytery report, they have ordained i\Ir. William Woodhull ;
and that Mr. Abner Reeve has withdrawn himself from their Presbytery, and
declared himself an Independent; and that Mr. John Maltby is dismissed to
join the Presbytery of South Carolina; and that they have received Mr. A.
Lewis, a candidate from the Association of New Haven in Connecticut.
The Synod appoint for a committee of overtures the Rev. ]\Ie.^srs. Sproat,
Beatty, Patrick Alison, Montgomery, Bacon, Alexander, Kennedy, Cooper,
Richards, Roe, and Mills; with elders, Messrs. Allen and Muttison, to meet
51
402 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1770.
to-morrow morning here, at six o'clock, and afterwards as business may re-
quire.
Mr. Thomas Smith is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, and
also for his absence from the last Synod, sustained; his elder is Mr. Lucas
Covenhoven.
Dr. Rodgers and Mr. Blair are appointed a committee to examine the second
Philadelphia Presbytery book.
Messrs. Ewing and Patrick Alison, are appointed a committee to examine
the New Brunswick Presbytery book.
The Presbytery books of Hanover, Lewestown, Donegall, New Castle, first
Philadelphia, New York, Suffolk, and Dutchess, are not present.
Ordered, That these Presbyteries take care that their books be brought in
next Synod.
The commission of the Synod for the last year report, that they have met
and will lay their minutes before the Synod as soon as the Synod shall call for
them.
The Synod appoint for a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Messrs.
Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, John Ewing, Dr. Witherspoon, James Sproat,
John Blair, Thomas Lewis, William Mills, Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones,
William Tennent, Israel Reed, Andrew Hunter, John Roan, Robert Smith,
John Miller, Joseph Montgomery, George Duffield, Wheeler Case, and Charles
Beatty, with the moderator; with elders, Messrs. Robert Ogden, Peter V.
B. Livingston, Samuel Allen, and Aaron Mattison, thirteen of whom to
be a quorum ; but if the moderator should die or be absent, the first men-
tioned on the roll in the minute shall have power to call the commission and
preside.
Dr. Witherspoon is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner sus-
tained.
The Synod agrees to enter on the consideration of supplying the distant
vacancies, to-morrow in the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three oi'cloclc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The treasurer for the Synod is continued, and he is ordered at some conve-
nient time to lay before the present Synod his accounts for the last year.
The order of Synod respecting the execution of the plan laid by some lay-
elders, at the session in 1766, and adopted by the Synod, came again under
consideration; and it appears from the reports of the several Presbyteries, that
some of them have been considerably successful in endeavouring to carry the
said plan into execution, and others have been deficient in their endeavours to
execute the same. The Synod orders, that the several Presbyteries take care
once every year to make a particular inquiry of their members respecting the
execution of every article contained in this so useful a plan, and make report
to the next Synod of the same.
The proposal that was made to the Synod of 1766, that we should endea-
vour to agree upon some plan to prevent irregularities that occur in marriage,
which was deferred to this session, came under consideration. The members
according to an order gave their sentiments on this subject, and Messrs. Blair
and Halsey are appointed to bring in a minute respecting this affair at our next
sederunt.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 403
ISth day, nine o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Woodliull and Spencer are now come, and their reasons for not
coming sooner are sustained.
Dr. Williamson, Mr. Ewing's elder, and Dr. 33ojd, Mr. Alison's elder, are
also come.
The committee appointed to prepare a minute respecting the irregularities
that occur in marriages, brought in the same, which being read and maturely
examined, it appears that the difficulties that will probably attend the execution
of any general plan for the prevention of said irregularities, were so great and
numerous that they may be expected to render it abortive ; it was therefore con-
cluded by a great majority to dismiss the whole affivir.
Mr. McKiiight is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, and also for
his absence from the last Synod sustained.
The commission of the Synod for the last year reported that they had met,
and they laid before the Synod the minutes of their proceedings; after the
reading of said minutes, Mr. Montgomery, one of the members of the com-
mission who dissented from their first judgment, prayed leave to bring in his
complaint against said judgment, which, after mature consideration, was cari'icd
in the negative.
Messrs. Tennent's and Read's reasons for not attending the commission, sus-
tained.
Adjourned to three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, That Mr. Treat, the treasurer of the Synod, pay Mr. Montgomery
twenty shillings for copying the minutes of the commission of Synod, which
met in Philadelphia.
The treasurer is ordered to pay the expenses for bringing the Synod's book
from Woodbridge to New York.
The Synod entered on the consideration of supplies for the distant va-
cancies in the Carolinas and Georgia. Inquiry was made whether the last
year's appointments of supplies for the southern colonies were fulfilled, and
it appears that Mr. Josiah Lewis had complied with said appointment, but
that none of the others had complied with the same. The reasons of Messrs.
Clark and Halsey, (who were the only members of those appointed last year
that were present,) for not complying with the said appointments were sus-
tained.
A supplication was brought in from Long Cane, in South Carolina, that Mr.
Josiah Lewis, or some other, may be appointed to supply them a twelve-month,
in order to a settlement among them.
A call for Mr. Josiah Lewis from Centre congregation and Hopewell, in
North Carolina, was brought in and read.
A supplication for supplies from Hitchcock and Cartridge Creeks, in Anson
county, North Carolina, was also brought in and read.
A supplication from Briery llivcr, in Virginia, for supplies, was also read.
A supplication from Carthy's Settlement and Fourth Creek, in North Caro-
lina, was also read. .
A supplication to the Synod for stated supplies from Briar Creek, m Geor-
gia, was read.
llx. Josiah Lewis, a licensed candidate, of New Castle Presbytery, is ap-
pointed to supply at Long Cane settlements six months; three mouths at
404 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1770.
Briar Creek, in Georgia ; and three months at discretion in North and South
Carolina; and the Presbytery of New Castle is ordered to ordain him, if the
way is clear, as soon as convenient.
Mr. xizel Roe is appointed to itinerate in Vii'ginia and the Caroliuas ; to
preach the gospel, ordain elders, and administer the sacraments of baptism,
and the Lord's Supper; and the Presbytery of New York is ordered to supply
his pulpit during his absence.
Mr. John Close is also appointed to itinerate in Virginia and the Carolinas,
for the same purposes, and the Synod order the Presbytery of Suffolk to sup-
ply his pulpit during his absence.
Mr. Manning, Mr. Ptoe's elder, has leave to go home.
Adjourned until nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
19th day, nine o'clock, A. M., the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post 'preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Hunter, Mr. Blair's elder, is now come.
Mr. Chauncy Graham is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner
are sustained.
The Presbytery of Dutchess report, that they have ordained the Rev.
Messrs. Ichabod Lewis, and Samuel Mills, to the work of the gospel minis-
try since our last, and have dismissed the Rev. Mr. Joseph Pec^ from their
body.
Ordered, That the Presbytery of Dutchess call upon Mr. Bay, now residing
within their bounds, to produce a regular dismission from New Castle Presby-
tery, and to join their Presbytery.
Ordered, That the call from Centre congregation and Hopewell, in North
Carolina, to Mr. Josiah Lewis, be put into the hands of Mr. Montgomery, in
order to be presented by New Castle Presbytery to Mr. Lewis.
Dr. Rodgers is desired by the Synod to write to the Rev. Mr. Prime, at
Huntingdon, giving him an account of the distressed state of the churches to
the southward, and pray him to supply the congregation as much as he can in
Mr. Close's absence.
Mr. Bay is now come ; his reasons for not coming sooner, and also for his
absence last year, sustained.
Mr. Robert Henry, Mr. Bay's elder, is also come.
Mr. McCreary is appointed to supply in the Carolinas for six months, to set
off as soon as possible ; and it is recommended that he spend a considerable
part of his time at Carthy's Settlement, and Fourth Creek ; and the Presbytery
of New Castle is ordered to supply his pulpit during his absence.
And inasmuch as appointments in times past have been too frequently not
fulfilled according to expectation, it is enjoined on each of these gentlemen,
who are appointed to supply to the southward, that they fulfil said appoint-
ments on pain of the Synod's censure.
And if Mr. Josiah Lewis should not fulfil his appointment to Long Cane,
Messrs. Roe and Close are ordered to supply at Long Cane, each of them three
months.
Mr. Beatty is ordered to supply Mr. McCreary's pulpit two Sabbaths; Mr.
Chesnutt two; Mr. Hunter two; and Mr. Ramsey one Sabbath.
Mr. Thomas Smith is also appointed to supply Mr. Close's pulpit the fii'st
and second Sabbaths in September.
Mr. William Tennent is also appointed to supply Mr. Roe's pulpit two
Sabbaths; Dr. Rodgers the first Sabbath in July; and Mr. Joseph Treat the
first Sabbath in August ; and 1NL-. Simon Horton three Sabbaths between this
and our next Synod; and Dr. Witherspoon the second Sabbath in August.
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 405
_ Mr. Patrick Alison is appointed to supply in Virginia and the Carolinas, if
circumstances admit, and to go out upon his mission in the fall.
Mr. Nathaniel Niles, a candidate licensed by Berkshire association, in New
England, who proposes to put himself under the care of the New York Pres-
bytery, is appointed to spend the summer and fall seasons in the western
frontiers of New Y^ork, New Jersey, and Pennsylvania, and the winter in the
Carolinas ; and he is ordered to keep an exact account of what moneys he re-
ceives from the several vacancies that he may supply in said western frontiers,
and if the said moneys should not amount to thirty shillings provincial currency,
per Sabbath, the Synod agree to make up the deficiency out of the moneys in
the Jiands of their treasurer.
Messrs. Elder, Tate, and Steel are appointed to supply between Augusta
Fort and Juniata, and places adjacent, each two Sabbaths before next Synod.
Mr. Covenhoven has leave to go home.
The moderator is ordered to furnish the members appointed to supply to the
southward the necessary credentials.
Adjourned to ten o'clock, on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 21s;. Ten d'clocl!, A. M. The Synod met accorJing to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia reported, that in compliance with an
order of Synod last year, they had, in conjunction with the Presbytery of New
Brunswick, inquired particularly into the state and connections of the congrega-
tion of AUentown, in the forks of Delaware, and it is the unanimous opinion
of both Presbyteries that it is at present most subservient to the interests of
religion in those parts, for the Presbytery of New Brunswick to take under
their care, not only the congregation of AUentown, but also the congregation
of Mount Bethel, both which are in the forks of Delaware, and both which
have been under the care of the first Philadelphia Presbytery. The Synod
therefore order the Presbytery of New Brunswick to take both the said con-
gregations under their care for the future.
The consideration of supplies resumed.
Mr. Harris is ordered to supply at Hitchcock and Cartridge Creek, in An-
son county, North Carolina, three months ; in Virginia, and other parts of the
Carolinas, at discretion, as much as he conveniently can.
The consideration of the report of the Synod's commission deferred till three
o'clock in the afternoon.
The Rev. Mr. Samuel Sacket is disunited from the Presbytery of Dutchess
county and annexed to the Presbytery of New York.
Mr. Ogden, Mr. Caldwell's elder, not being able to attend, Mr. Cornelius
Netfield takes his seat, who was chosen by the session in his place.
Doctor Alison, Messrs. Ewing, Sproat, Richard Treat, and Bcatty, are ap-
pointed a committee to visit 3Ir. Brainerd's school next fall, and Mr. Brainerd
is desired to meet the committee on the second Wednesday of June in Phila-
delphia, and are impowcred to draw upon the treasurer for such moneys as they
shall judge the exigencies of the school shall require, and make report to our
next Synod.
It is ordered, that Mr. Brainerd receive for the ensuing year, the sura of
eio-hteen pounds, being the interest of the money in the hands of the treasurer
of the college of New Jersey for the support of the Indian mission, and that he
have also twenty pounds from the Synodical treasurer for the contiuuance of
his labours the ensuing year, in those desolate parts where he has been so use-
fully employed.
406 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1770.
Doctor Witherspoon reports, that the committee appointed at our last Synod
to converse with the Seceders, in order to an union betwixt them and us, by
reason of several disappointments have not met. The Synod therefore appoint
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Messrs. Blair, Tennent, R. Smith, McWhorter,
Caldwell, Mills, and Joseph Treat, three of whom to be a quorum, to be a
committee for the same purpose, to meet on the second Wednesday iu
August at New York, and that they have power to adjourn themselves from
time to time.
The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. General Convention at New
Haven in September last, laid before the Synod the minutes of the con-
vention.
As the next general convention is to meet at Elizabethtown, the first Wed-
nesday of October, at eleven o'clock, the Synod appoint to attend on that occa-
sion, the Rev. Messrs. Beatty, Sproat, Brainerd, Ewing, Montgomery, William
Foster, Bacon, Spencer, Miller, Duffield, King, William Tennent, Dr. Wither-
spoon, Hait, Halsey, Jones, Horton, Dr. Rodgers, Treat, McWhorter, Blair,
Caldwell, Graham, Lewis, Mills, and Tallmage.
Adjourned till three o'clock iu the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'cIocJc, P. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. John Moore, Mr. Richard's elder, is now come.
The Synod proceeded to consider the report of the commission of the
Synod.
Mr. Ewing brought in a complaint against the judgment of the said com-
mission, which was in part debated, and the further consideration of it was
deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
22<;Z day, nine d'clocic, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Woodhull is gone home.
Mr. Ewiug's complaint against the judgment of the commission, resumed.
Mr. Ewing complains against the commission ; that they received charges
against him which were vague and indeterminate. The Synod agrees that
these charges are rather deficient in point of specialty, but are of opinion that
the commission acted with prudence and integrity in receiving said charges,
inasmuch as they endeavoured to reduce them to a specialty, and as Mr. Ewing
submitted so far as to plead to them, and as the particular circumstances of
the first and third Presbyterian congregations in Philadelphia were viewed
by them as so critical as in their judgment required an immediate discussion of
the affair.
Yet the Synod orders, that all their judicatures shall, for the future, be par-
ticularly careful not to receive or judge of any charges but such as shall be
seasonably reduced to a specialty in the complaint laid before them.
The further consideration of Mr. Ewiug's complaint deferred till the after-
noon. Mr. Close has leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with j^rayer.
Three d'clocic, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Roe has leave to go home. Mr. William Tennent, jun'r. being present,
is desired to sit as a correspondent. Mr. Hunter, Mr. Blair's elder, has leave
to go home.
1770.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 407
The Synod proceeded to the further consideration of Mr. Ewing's com-
plaint.
Mv. Ewing and the members of the commission were fully heard upon the
subject of this complaint.
The further consideration of this aifair deferred till to-morrow morning.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
23c? day, A. M. nme ddocl', the Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of Mr. Ewing's complaint resumed. The issue of this
affair deferred till the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. the Synod met according to adjoui'nment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Messrs. Potter and Bacon are gone home without leave.
Mr. Ewing's complaint resumed.
The first clause of the judgment of the commission, which is in the following
■words, " that Mr. Ewing has, to several persons, called Mr. Eakin a liar, a
dirty liar, or some such opprobrious terms, that he did this without being able
to assign a sufficient reason for the same," was maturely considered, and after a
careful examination of all the evidence laid before us, the Synod concludes that
there was sufficient foundation for this first clause in the commission's judg-
ment, and therefore they approve the same.
The second clause in the aforesaid judgment which is as follow.s, "that he
has shown in this matter so much untenderness towards the truth, as to give
too much ground to impeach his veracity," was also maturely considered, and
all the evidence laid before us duly weighed, and upon the whole it does not
appear to the Synod that there is sufficient reason to impeach Mr. Ewing's ve-
racity. Therefore this clause of their judgment is not approved.
The third clause of the aforesaid judgment, which is in the following words,
" that he has shown a degree of resentment which the commission highly dis-
spprove," was also duly considered and approved.
And therefore, although there does not appear sufficient reason to impeach
Mr. Ewing's veracity, yet it is the unanimous judgment of this Synod, that
3: r. Ewing has, by his unchristian treatment of Mr. Eakin, and the resentment
h« has shown in this affair, merited the censure of this body, and they appoint
the moderator to admonish him from the chair.
Mr. Mattison has leave to go home.
The minutes of the committee appointed to dispose of the interest of the
mcneys in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey college, for the support of
poor and pious youth, having been forgot, it is reported that they disposed of
twenty-five pounds, and that there will be in the treasurer's hands next Octo-
bei, sixty-seven pounds; and the Synod appoint for a committee for the present
year, to attend at New Jersey college, the third Wednesday of August next, and
dispose of said sum, or as much as shall be deemed necessary, the llcv. Dr.
Wiherspoon, William Tennent, John Guild, John Ewing, Elihu Spencer, James
Callwell, Jeremiah Halsey, and Israel Heed, any three of whom to be a quo-
rum, and to have full power to act.
It appears by the accounts of the Synod's treasurer that there is in his han the Forest congregation, let
them know their dividend thereof, according to the line mentioned in their
subscription paper, and allow them their share of all the advantages that have
accrued from their common stock, in proportion to their subscriptions ; never-
theless the money to continue in the hands of the present trustees until the
Forest congregation are erected into a separate society, and have a minister
settled among them ; that the Forest people complete the line as agreed to
between them and St. George's; that as there are yet some of the Forest peo-
ple who still pay rent for pews at St. George's, it is but equitable that the
members of the latter, possessing pews in the Forest church, should do the
same there, in order that the Forest people may be able to ascertain what pro-
portion they should have of a minister's labours among them, while they con-
tinue united with St. George's. And if there arise any dispute about civil
property, the Synod recommend it to them to choose suitable arbiters to settle
the same between them. Upon the whole, the Synod do earnestly recom-
mend that they should all cultivate the strictest harmony with each other, and
study the things that make for peace and tend to promote their mutual
edification."
The remonstrance of the first Presbyterian church in this city, was read a
second time, and the committee who brought it in were heard, and after some
time and discourse they reduced to writing their request, which is as follows :
" The members of Market street church being informed that the reverend
Synod have been pleased to reverse a late judgment of the Presbytery relating
to the call of the Rev. Mr. Duffield to their church in Pine street, by which
they are like to be affected in some of their most important interests, desire a
clear and explicit answer in writing to the following questions : First, whether
they are to understand the judgment of the reverend Synod, touching this matter,
to be final, and whether the members of said church are hereby precluded from
any further hearing in it. Second question, whether the call of the Rev.
Mr. Dufiield is to their church in Pine street as a minister to officiate in
that house, and whether the reverend Synod approve of his being called to
officiate there."
After these questions were duly considered, the following answer was voted :
1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 435
" Gentlemen : I am ordered by the Synod to signify that they reckon their
minutes a sufficient answer to both the within questions, and they recommend
to both parties if they have any disputes upon temporal property, not to go to
law, but to refer their differences to the decision of arbiters mutually chosen.
" Signed by the clerk."
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces sede-
runt qui supi'a.
The Presbytery of Donegal expressing some uneasiness with the late con-
duct of the second Philadelphia Presbytery respecting Mr. Kennedy, the Synod
agreed to hear the cause by way of free conference, and all parties having been
fully heard, they came to the following conclusion.
That as Mr. Kennedy was not under the particular care of any Presbytery
when he came into the bounds of Donegal Presbytery, he ought while he
preached there to have been under their care, and accountable to them for his
conduct ; that the uneasiness with the conduct of the second Philadelphia Pres-
bytery, arose for want of a proper information concerning it, and that Mr. Ken-
nedy be ordered to put himself immediately under the care of the Donegal
Presbytery until they shall have proper time to hear and determine any com-
plaints made against him in those parts.
The Presbytery of New Castle expressing some uneasiness at the conduct of
the second Philadelphia Presbytery for having received and licensed a certain
Mr. John McClean, who they apprehend most properly belonged to the Pres-
bytery of New Castle, and had applied to them to be licensed ; and while they
were taking the proper steps for obtaining more full satisfaction concerning his
church membership and Christian character, he, in the mean time, removed
from them and applied to the second Philadelphia Presbytery, and was licensed
by them ; both the Presbyteries were fully heard in a free conference on this
subject, and withdrew. The Synod, after mature deliberation, order Mr.
McClean to be cited before the Presbytery of New Castle, with power to them
to hear the charges against him and issue the affair in a regular manner,
and report to the next meeting of Synod. And the Synod do prohibit the
second Philadelphia Presbytery from employing him to preach till the affair
shall be concluded.
A petition from the members of the session of the third Presbyterian church
in this city, asking advice of this Synod with respect to the execution of their
office, in consequence of the judgment of the ISynod respecting that church,
after it was duly considered they returned the following answer, viz : The
Synod advise them to continue to act as elders, but in case they cannot consis-
tently with what they apprehend to be their duty, continue as such, and act
upon the decisions of Synod, that they may resign their office, and the congre-
gation proceed to choose other elders who may have freedom to act according to
the determinations of the Synod.
In answer to the petition for supplies from Christiana and White Clay creek,
we appoint to supply there Dr. Alison the first Sabbath in June, Mr. Hunter
the third; Mr. Thomas Read the first Sabbath in July, Mr. Simonton the
third; Mr. Green the first Sabbath in August, Mr. Boyd the third, and Mr.
John Simpson the fifth.
Overtured, whether the state of the Presbyteries belonging to this Synod is
such as contributes most to the interest of religion and the honour of this body.
Deferred till next year.
Liberty was asked for ordaining Mr. Daniel Jones, whose state of health
436 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [I773.
seems to make it necessary he should take a voyage to sea; this was referred to
the Presbytery to which he belongs.
Answers to several questions proposed by a committee of the Synod to the
Associate Presbytery were brought in ; but as the Synod had not time to read
them they refer the consideration of them to the following committee, Dr.
Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Messrs. McWhorter, Joseph Treat, William Mills,
Caldwell, and Halsey, who are to meet the sixteenth of June at Elizabeth-
town.
Mr. Sproat is appointed stated clerk to the Synod, to transcribe the minutes
and preserve the papers belonging to it, who is ordered to give proper certifi-
cates to those appointed upon distant missions.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet in the first Pres-
byterian church in this city, at ten o'clock, A. M.
Concluded with prayer.
1773.
PMladelpUa, May 19/7*, 1773.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
Uhi post preces sederunt
From the Dutchess county Presbytery : The Rev. Ichabod Lewis.
From the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Azariah Horton, Alexander
McWhorter, James Caldwell, Joseph Treat, Aaron Richards, Benjamin Hait,
Jonathan Murdock, Dr. Rodgers.
From the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah
Halsey, William Schanck, Jacob Vanarsdalen, and Dr. Witherspoon.
From the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Richard Treat, James
Sproat, John Brainerd, Andrew Hunter, James Boyd, James Watt, Benjamin
Chesnutt, Alexander Mitchell.
From the second Philadelphia Presbytery : Dr. Alison, and tlie Rev. John
Ewing, John Simonton, John Elder, Jcseph Tate, and Patrick Alison.
From the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Joseph Montgomery, William
Foster, James Wilson, James Anderson, Samuel Eakin, John Carmichael, James
Latta.
From the Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. John Miller.
From the Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. John Roan, John Strain, John
Craighead, Hugh Vance, Robert Cooper, John King.
Elders : Messrs. James Edgar, Thomas Beard, William Clark, Matthias Boyd.
George Curry, Benjamin Branon, John McCalla, Thomas Reeve, Abraham Vanl
middlesworth, John Johnson, James Jackson, William Peartree Smith, Esq'r.
Thomas Waters, Garret Noel, John Smilie.
Ministers absent : Of Dutchess county Presbytery : The Rev. Chancey Gra-
ham, Elisha Kent, Samuel Dunlap, Benjamin Strong, Solomon Mead, Eliphalet
Ball, Wheeler Case, and Samuel Mills.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Timothy Jones, Jonathan Elmer,
Azel Roe, Benjamin Woodruff, Simon Horton, Jacob Green, John Moffat,
Hugh Knox, Thomas Lewis, Nathan Kerr, Abner Brush, William Wood-
hull, Jedidiah Chapman, Samuel Saeket, Alexander Miller, Oliver Deeming,
Amzi Lewis.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery: The Rev. William Tennent, John Ros-
borough, Israel Reed, John Hannah, Thomas Smith, Charles McKnight, John
Guild, James Lyon, Job Prudden, Francis Peppard.
Of first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Enoch Green, Nehemiah Green-
man.
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 437
Of second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Kev. Kobert McMordie and John
Steel.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Smith, William McCannon,
Joseph Smith, James Finley, Josiah Lewis, Thomas Read, John Woodhull,
Alexander McDowell, John Clark, Sampson Smith, John McCreary.
Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Matthew Wilson, Alexander Huston,
Jacob Kerr.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. James Hunt, John Slemmons, Samuel
Thomson, John Hogg, Amos Thomson, James Long.
Absent, the whole Presbyteries of Hanover, Orange, and Suffolk counties.
The Rev. Mr. Joseph Treat opened the Synod by a sermon from 1 Cor.
iv. 2.
Mr. Sproat was chosen moderator, Messrs. Spencer and Caldwell clerks.
Dutchess county Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. David Close
since the last Synod.
New York Presbytery report, Mr. John Darby has withdrawn from their
Presbytery.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, they have licensed Mr. Caleb Wallace
to preach as a candidate ; and that Mr. Alexander McClane is dismissed from
them and removed from the bounds of the Synod.
First Philadelphia Presbytery report, the Rev. Mr. Charles Beatty was re-
moved by death on the thirteenth of August last, and that they have liceused
to preach as candidates Mr. Daniel McCalla and Mr. William Hollingshead.
The Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, they have received the Rev. Mr.
Hugh McGill from Ireland. But it being objected that he was suspended
from his ministry in Ireland by the Associate Presbytery, of which he had
been a minister, which was confessed by himself; and the second Philadelphia
Presbytery not appearing to us to have had sufficient evidence of the grounds
of that suspension, thus virtually to reverse it, nor otherwise to have received
satisfactory testimonials in his favour, the Synod therefore reverse that part of
the judgment of the Presbytery by which he was received.
New Castle Presbytery report, they have licensed Messrs. Samuel Stan-
hope Smith, Nathaniel Irwin, Robert Davidson, Samuel Dougal, and James
Power.
Donegal Presbytery report, they have ordained Mr. William Thorn and
licensed Mr. Thomas McFerrin, and received the Rev. Mr. Robert Huey from
the Presbytery of Derry in Ireland, and the Rev. Messrs. David Maclure and
Levi Frisby from New England. But it appearing to the Synod that these
two last mentioned were under the direction of the board of correspondents
from the society of Scotland and appointed to an Indian Mission, and are not
dismissed from the ecclesiastical council by which they were ordained in New
England, the Synod reverse the judgment of the Presbytery receiving them
into full membership, but approve of their taking them under their care while
they are labouring occasionally in the bounds of the Presbytery.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
20th day, nine o'clocJc, the Synod met accordinrj to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(With Robert Smith, Charles McKnight, John Slemmons, Joseph Smith,
ministers ; and Mr. Robert Armour, elder.)
It was moved that the dismission or reception of members and candidates be
made matter of report by our several Presbyteries, which was agreed to.
In consequence of which the Presbytery of New York report, they had dis-
missed Mr. Francis Peppard to the Presbytery of New Brunswick, and the
438 MINUTES OF ^HE SYNOD OF [1773.
Presbytery of New Brunswick report, they have received him, and that they
have dismissed Mr. Caleb Wallace to join one of the southern Presbyteries in
the bounds of which he may labour.
The Presbytery of Donegall report, they have dismissed Mr. George Duffield,
who had accepted a call to a congregation under the care of the second Phila-
delphia Presbytery.
The Rev. Mr. William Stuart produced a certificate and recommendation
from the Presbytery of Derry in Ireland, of which he had been a member, and
as he proposes to travel to the southern provinces, he desired the Synod would
give him such recommendation as they might judge expedient, without his being
considered as a member, which he does not yet choose till he can determine the
place of his settlement.
Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Miller, Mr. Latta, and Dr. E-odgers, are appointed to
converse with Mr. Stuart and make report to the Synod.
Messrs. Lewis, Hait, Joseph Treat, Ptichards, Halsey, McKnight, Hunter,
Chesnutt, Patrick Alison, Simonton, Foster, Latta, Miller, Ptoan, Craighead,
William Clark, James Jackson, and John McCalla, are appointed a committee
of overtures, to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and as often after-
wards by adjournment as they may judge expedient.
Mr. Montgomery and Mr. Patrick Alison are appointed a committee to ex-
amine the New York Presbytery book.
Dr. Rodgers and Mr. Robert Smith to examine the Presbytery book of New
Brunswick.
Mr. Ewing and Mr. Tate to examine the book of the first Philadelphia Pres-
bytery,
Mr. Joseph Treat and Mr. Foster to examine the second Philadelphia Pres-
bytery book.
Mr. Cooper and Mr. King to examine the Presbytery book of New
Castle.
The other Presbytery books are not brought in.
The Synod appoint as their commission for the ensuing year, the Rev.
Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, John Ewing, Elihu Spencer, William
Tennent, Dr. Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, William Mills, John Close,
Solomon Mead, Ichabod Lewis, Robert Smith, Joseph Montgomery, Matthew
Wilson, John Miller, George Duffield, John Roan, with the moderator ; and
Messrs. William Peartree Smith, John McCalla, Garret Noel, John Johnson,
James Jackson, and William Clark, elders; thirteen of whom to be a quorum,
to be called by the moderator; but if the moderator should die, or be absent,
the first in order in the minute shall have i)Ower to call the commission and
preside.
Inquiry being made at the several Presbyteries, how far they had complied
with the recommendation of the Synod in raising money for the education
of poor pious youth, it was found the Presbyteries of New York, New
Brunswick, and the members of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, had
complied fully, and had several young men at education ; some of the other
Presbyteries have done something, but have not answered the design of the
Synod. They are now ordered to prosecute this important plan, as speedily as
possible, and be ready to make a particular report to the next Synod.
The committee appointed to dispose of money in the hands of the treasurer
of the College of New Jersey, for poor and pious youth, report, they met ac-
cording to appointment, and disposed of the money in hand last year. And
the Synod appoint for a committee to dispose of such money as shall be due
October next. Dr. Witherspoon, Messrs. Tennent, Guild, Ewing, Spencer, Cald-
well, Halsey, Richard Treat, Israel Read, McWhorter, any three of whom to
1772.] NEW TORK AND PHILADELPHIA.' 439
be a quorum, to attend at New Jersey College the third Wednesday of August
next.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post prcces
sederunt qui snjira.
(With ]\Iessrs. Matthew Wilson, William Thorn, Alexander McDowell,
and Robert Huey, ministers ; and Messrs. William Denny, and Anthony Tate,
elders.)
The Presbytery of Donegal complied with the appointment of last year, to
supply Monongahela. The Presbytery of New Castle did the same.
Mr. McMordie complied with his appointment and went to Carolina.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia found it inexpedient to send the can-
didates to Carolina, which they mentioned last year.
Mr. Joshua Hart, of Suffolk Presbytery, did not comply with the appoint-
ment of the Synod last year to go to Carolina.
Mr. Schank gave sufficient reasons for leaving the Synod last year without
leave.
Mr. Elmer did not comply with the appointment of Synod last year.
Mr. Simpson complied with the appointment of the last Synod, and supplied
seveu months in the southern provinces.
Mr. Wallace was providentially prevented going according to his appoint-
ment.
Mr. John IMcClean did not attend the Presbytery of New Castle according to
the appointment of last Synod, to answer the charges exhibited against his
moral character, but hath gone to Carolina, and is preaching contrary to order,
and under the pretence of being a candidate in regular standing with one of our
Presbyteries. The Synod is also informed, that Mr. John Beard, who was de-
posed from the work of the ministry, is also preaching in Carolina.
Mr. Montgomery and Mr. Caldwell are appointed to bring in a draught of
a letter to the Presbyteries of Hanover, in Virginia, and Orange, in Carolina,
with respect to these gentlemen. And as we are informed, Mr. McCleau
shows a certificate signed with Mr. Tate's name as clerk to a committee of
the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, which Mr. Tate says is forged ; he is
therefore desired to write to the Presbytery aforesaid to inform them of the
imposition.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
21st day. Nine o'clock. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post jireces sederunt qui supra.
(With the Rev. Mr. Thomas Read.)
Mr. Brainerd reports the Indian school under his care has not been con-
tinued the last year, he not being able to obtain a proper master, but that he
had as often as consistent with his other business, attended to the instruction
of the children.
And he further reports, that he preaches in seven places, besides the two In-
dian societies under his special care. For these services the Synod allow Mr.
Brainerd twenty-five pounds. Ordered, that the treasurer pay the same.
Mr. Brainerd' is also allowed the eighteen pounds, interest of money in the
hands of the trustees of New Jersey College, for an Indian mission.
Agreed that the treasurer for the Synod, for the future give bond to three
members, chosen by the Synod, for all the money in his hands, and that he
allow for it three per cent, per annum interest.
440 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773.
The Synod then made choice of Dr. Witherspoon for their treasurer, and
Dr. Alison, Mr. Richard Treat, and Mr. Sproat, are directed to take a proper
bond from Dr. Witherspoon for the money which shall be in his hands at the
end of this session of Synod, payable to them in one year for the use of the
Synod.
And Mr. Treat, our late treasurer, is ordered to pay to Dr. Witherspoon the
money now in his hands belonging to the Synod.
Messrs. Montgomery and Caldwell brought in a draught of a letter to the
Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange, according to the order of yesterday, which
was approved of.
Ordered, That the clerks make out ftiir copies of said letter, and that the
moderator sign them, and send one copy to each Presbytery aforesaid, as soon
as possible.
The stated clerk is ordered to record this letter in the Appendix.
The minutes of the last General Convention were brought by Dr. Rodgers,
their stated register, and read ; and as the convention is to meet again at Stan-
ford, in Connecticut, the first Wednesday in September next, at eleven o'clock,
we appoint to attend there, and to act as members from the Synod, the Rev.
Dr. Francis Alison, Dr. John Witherspoon, Dr. John Rodgers, Andrew Hunter,
Elihu Spencer, John Brainerd, Benjamin Hait, John Ewing, Benjamin Ches-
nutt, Joseph Montgomery, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Joseph
Treat, John Carmichael, William Mills, John Close, Jeremiah Halsey, Samuel
Mills, and Ichabod Lewis ; and Dr. Witherspoon to open the convention
with a sermon, but in case he should fail, Mr. McWhorter is appointed in his
room.
The committee appointed in behalf of the Synod to dispose of money in the
hands of the corporation of the widows' fund, read their minutes before the
Synod, which were approved ; and we appoint as a committee for the same pur-
pose this year, Messrs. Spencer, Sproat, 3Iontgomery, McWhorter, and Cald-
well, to meet to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, at Mr. Sproat' s, and as often
afterwards as expedient.
Mr. Samuel Eakin being by last Synod restored to the exercise of his min-
istry for one year, and put under the particular care of New Castle Presbytery,
the Presbytery was now called upon, and reports as follows :
'' That immediately after the last session of Synod they received the Rev.
Samuel Eakin under their care, and since that time he has laboured in the
work of the ministry, at their direction, and that he has behaved himself in a
becoming and reo;ular manner as far as is known to them."
The Synod hoping the censures inflicted upon Mr. Eakin have had their
proper influence, and that from his conduct the year past, his repentance is
sincere, do therefore now fully restore him to the exercise of the ministry ;
and do earnestly recommend to him the greatest humility, circumspection,
and meekness, through the remaining part of his life. And as Mr. Eakin has
the prospect of labouring at present chiefly in the bounds of the first Philadel-
phia Presbytery, he is therefore joined to that.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three d'doch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Postjveces
sederunt qui supra.
(With the Rev. Mr. James Long, who gave sufficient reasons for not coming
sooner.)
Upon inquiry being made of the several Presbyteries concerning their com-
pliance with the order of last Synod, to collect for the charitable uses then
mentioned, it was found that some Presbyteries, through mistake or neglect,
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 441
have not complied. Those who have collected are ordered to pay the same
into the hands of the Synod's treasurer immediately ; and those Presbyteries
who have not collected, are ordered to do it speedily ; as also those who have
done it in part, are ordered to complete what is yet unfinished. And they are
now directed to make those collections in vacancies as well as congregations
which have settled ministers. And that this may be done more thoroughly,
we order the several Presbyteries to make this known at their first session, and
then take proper care to have the collections made in their bounds, and pro-
vide that a complete list be made out, of ministers and congregations, with their
collections, to be laid before and examined by the respective Presbyteries, at
some session previous to the meeting of the Synod, and prepared for printing
next year, without taking up the time of the Synod. Those ministers who have
not read the Pastoral Letter to their congregations, are directed to do it, and
also in the vacancies.
Dr. R-odgers is appointed to acquaint the Presbytery of Sufiblk of this matter,
and the clerks to send attested copies of this order to the Presbyteries of Hano-
ver and Orange, and to send them some of our Pastoral Letters by Mr. Wallace;
a candidate going to the southward.
For the purpose of procuring books to bestow on the poor : in Philadelphia,
Dr. Francis Alison, IMr. Sproat, Mr. Montgomery, Mr. John Bayard, and Mr.
Jonathan Smith ; and in New York, Dr. llodgers, Mr. Treat, Mr. McWhorter,
Mr. Caldwell, and Mr. Noel, are appointed as committees, and that they do not
exceed the sum of twenty pounds, pro. cur., to be laid out by each committee,
and that they draw on the treasurer for this sum.
The Presbytery of New York applied to the Synod for the whole or part of
the money collected by them this year, to be applied towards the rebuilding the
Presbyterian church in the island of Saba, which was destroyed by the hurricane
last year. The petition from Saba to the Presbytery was read, and the Presby-
tery offered their reasons for appropriating said money. The Synod remitted
to the Presbytery to determine what part of said money should be allowed to
Saba ; and the Presbytery, after consulting, reported that they determined fifty
pounds should be allowed for that purpose, which is accordingly agreed to, and
the treasurer is ordered to pay that sum into the hands of Dr. llodgers, to be
remitted to Saba.
The Presbyteries of New York, New Castle, Suffolk, Dutchess, and the
first Philadelphia Presbytery, which have not complied with the order of last
Synod to transmit to Mr. Plalsey an account of the money subscribed in
their bounds to the college of New Jersey, are ordered to comply as speedily
as possible.
Mr. Samuel Kennedy, a candidate, did not comply with the order of last
Synod, to put himself under the care of Donegal Presbytery, although he hath
continued to preach in their bounds. Mr. Kennedy gave in a paper to the
Synod, assigning the reasons of his conduct. The consideration of this aflfair
is deferred.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2'2d da)/, nine o'docJc, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Except Mr. Thomas Waters, who is gone home.
The consideration of Mr. Kennedy's conduct resumed. Mr. Kennedy was
fully heard, and as he had in offering his reasons blamed the Presbytery, they
were also heard. After due consideration, the question was put, Is Mr. Ken-
nedy excusable or not ; and it was carried, not.
Adjourned till Monday morning, ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
66
442 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773.
24^^ day^ ten o'clock. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preccs sederunt qtd supra.
With Mr. John Golden, an elder.
It was moved what censure should be inflicted upon Mr. Kennedy, in con-
sequence of the judgment of Saturday last, and after it was considered and
debated, ordered that he be rebuked from the chair for not complying with the
order of last Synod to put himself under the care of Donegal Presbytery, and
be remitted to the Presbytery, who are required to give him, before the Synod
break up, a copy of such charges as they have now against him, and cite him
to appear before them, to take his trial, the last Tuesday in June next, at
Caughnawaga.
The Presbytery of Donegal requested that some members of Synod might
be joined with them on the trial.
Ordered, That Mr. Robert Smith, Mr. Latta, Mr. Forster, and Mr. Woodhull,
be added to them for that purpose.
And Mr. Cooper is appointed to cite such evidences as the Presbytery may
judge necessary, and to give Mr. Kennedy citations for such evidences as he
may require.
Mr. Kennedy was then called in, submitted to the judgment, and was rebuked
by the moderator.
The committee appointed last Synod to consider the answers given by the
Associate Presbytery to sundry questions which had been proposed by the
Synod's committee, report : they met, and did read and consider said answers,
and did not think it necessary to make any remarks upon them, nor to give
any other answer to the Presbytery than as follows : that as the Associate
brethren had not given any answer to the proposal of the committee from the
Synod the year before, viz., that if anything was to be done further toward
a coalition between the Associate brethren and the Synod, the proposal must
come from the former, which they, the committee, should be ready to receive
any time before next Synod. But that no such proposal has been made to
them.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three d'cloclc, P. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment Postpreces
sederunt qui supra.
With Mr. Thomas Bourne, Mr. Bichard Treat's elder.
An overture respecting the regulation of the Presbyteries referred from the
last Synod, is referred till the next year.
A petition and complaint from Mr. Alexander Alexander, against the second
Philadelphia Presbytery, was brought in by the committee of overtures, and
read. But it appearing to the Synod the matter of which he complains had
not been decided by the Presbytery, ordered, that it be referred to the Presby-
tery, who are required to hear it this evening or to-morrow.
An overture was brought in by Mr. Roan in the following words :
" Whereas, there have been repeated complaints from serious persons of the
degeneracy of many of the Presbyterian denomination in Great Britain and
Ireland, and their falling off from the great doctrines of the Reformation, so
that it is very possible there may be Presbyteries the majority of which would
not be unwilling to license, ordain, or recommend ministers unsound in the
faith ; it seems to be of moment to guard against the admission of strangers
into this body, before their principles and character are thoroughly ascertained:
Therefore it is overtured, that no Presbytery be permitted to receive any
Stranger under the character of minister or candidate, or to give him appoint-
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 443
ments in the congregations under our care, until the Synod that shall meet next
after their arrival, that the whole testimonials and credentials offered by such
persons be laid before the Synod, to be by them considered and judged of, in
order to their admission or rejection.
"John Roan."
Which after full consideration was voted and admitted by a small majority.
Several members desired liberty to enter their dissent, with their reasons,
against the preceding vote, which was granted.
Their reasons are in the following words :
" The second Presbytery of Philadelphia unanimously dissent from, and pro-
test against, the injurious law recorded above.
" 1. Because it takes away from the Presbyteries some of their essential
rights, restraining them from performing the duties of ordaining and admitting
ministers agreeably to the Scriptures and the constitution and practice of the
Presbyterian churches. Christ has vested his ministers with certain powers
for the edification of his church, which they may not surrender or deliver up to
the dominion of any man, or any body of men, whatever. If they err in the
exercise of their powers they are accountable to the higher judicatures of the
church, but they are not to be deprived of them merely because they may err
in the exercise of them.
" 2. Because it insinuates a strong suspicion that Presbyteries are unfaith-
ful or unsound, and therefore not to be trusted in this matter, which is fixing
an unjust reproach on their judicatures, and only serves to lessen their credit
and influence.
" 3. Because it is highly uncharitable and inconsistent with the love, respect,
and fellowship which we owe the Protestant churches abroad, as it brings a
promiscuous charge of unsoundness against, and lays an heavy reproach upon
all the judicatures of their churches, contrary to all justice and modesty, and
to the peace and harmony which should be promoted among the churches of
Christ.
" 4. Because unfriendly, unequal, and offensive treatment of ministers and
candidates who are strangers, tends to fill them with prejudices against this
body, as acting in an arbitrary, uncharitable manner, and inconsistent with the
known rules of Presbyterianism, which will deter them from uniting with the
Synod, and induce them to erect Presbyteries independent of it, to the great
dishonour and injury of religion.
" 5. Because the precedent hereby established is not only wrong in itself, as
it divests our Presbyteries of their inherent rights, but extremely pernicious in
its consequences. If the Synod is allowed this power with respect to ministers
or probationers from Europe, why may it not at any time be pleaded with re-
spect to those from every other part of the world ? Why may not the Synod,
claiming thus far, extend their authority to the ordination of all our American
probationers under some plausible pretences, such as, that the Synod is more
faithful, or more learned, or fitter to judge of the piety of those who are to be
received ?
" 6. Because we have rules of proceeding as a Presbyterian church, re-
specting this matter, which from long experience have been found suflicient to
preserve this Synod pure and free from errors ; these rules are agreeable to
our Presbyterian plan, and consistent with the several rights of our respective
judicatures, whereas the present one is useless, unwarranted, and anti-1'resby-
terial.
*' 7. As the agreements of 1764 and 1705 were repeatedly alleged to be, and
evidently are, for the same purpose pretended in the overture now made a re-
ligious law, in which the northern provinces are expressly named, and as these
provinces were repeatedly mentioned in the course of the debate, and nothing
444 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773.
said, or even insinuated, that tbey were excluded, during the whole time in
which this matter was argued, nor when the overture was read before it was
voted, it must appear equivocation to explain the meaning of the law in a sense
that would except the American Continent, to relieve some dissenting brethren,
leaving others deeply grieved and afflicted.
'' Against the aforesaid law, therefore, we, the second Presbytery of Phila-
delphia, do protest in our Presbyterial capacity, and hereby enter our reasons
upon record, to relieve our consciences, and testify our opposition to what is so
partial, so uncharitable, so unjust and oppressive.
" Francis Alison, John Elder, Joseph Tate, John Ewing, John
SiMONTON, Patrick Alison."
Dissentient : Dr. Rodgers, Joseph Montgomery, Alexander McWhorter,
John Miller, Alexander McDowell, James Anderson, Thomas Read, James
Caldwell.
Reasons of dissent from an overture formed into an act of Synod, ordaining
that no minister or candidate from foreign parts shall be admitted to member-
ship by any Presbytery, but by the Synod alone.
" Dissentient, 1. Because this overture tends to overthrow the essential
rights of a Presbytery, the radical judicature of our church, unwarranted in
Scripture, and from which we derive our name, Presbyterians. The power of
ordination, of receiving and rejecting members, evidently belongs, according to
God's word, to this judicature only. But this overture takes it away from it,
and gives its work and power to a Syond, which is only a voluntary association
of different Presbyteries, or a council to give advice in difficult matters, and to
secure peace, orthodoxy, edification, and mutual confidence, and has no power
to make any arbitrary decisions, to which Presbyteries can only submit when
their arbitrations are for the good of the whole.
" 2. Because this overture is very uncharitable and contrary to the dictates
of the humble and affectionate temper of the gospel, which ' esteems others
better than ourselves,' and ' thinketh no evil.' It strongly implies that our
Presbyteries are either so ignorant as not to know, or so degenerate as not to
regard, the qualifications of their own members, and would ' lay hands suddenly
on any man,' and admit to the ministry or to the rights of membershij), without
proper testimonials and authentic recommendations.
" 3. Because it discovers great want of candour in judging of other churches
of Christ, as if all the reformed churches, solemnly subscribing or assenting to
the same Confession of Faith, the same Catechisms, and the same directory
or plan of discipline and government, were wholly corrupted in faith or prac-
tice, notwithstanding their solemn assent or subscription to the forms of sound
doctrine.
"4. Because this overture is founded on very unjustifiable reasoning, viz.
that because some individuals, or perhaps some judicatures, in the foreign
churches have been branded, and perhaps justly, with Socinian and other dan-
gerous errors, that therefore their whole associations are corrupted; which
mode of judging would condemn equally every Christian association in the
world.
"5. Because the explanatory clause added, in order to exempt all preachers
or ministers coming from any part of America, seems to be a mere subterfuge
and equivocation, and calculated to relieve only a few members of the Synod.
For before the votes confirming this overture, the New England churches were
more than once mentioned as an objection against it, and it could scarcely have
been forgotten by the voters ; but suppose they had been forgotten, whence
arises this partiality ? May not ministers who are pious and sound in the faith
come from Great Britain or Ireland ? And are not Presbyteries by the consti-
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 445
tution of our church and the authority of its great Head, the only judges of
their admission ?
" 6. Because this overture evidently tends to produce contentions, confusion,
and anarchy in the churches, for if the Synod will assume these high, unscrip-
tural powers, it may be ex2:)ected that some Presbyteries will resign their con-
nection with a power they esteem tyrannical, and returning to their original
state claim the enjoyment of their own inherent privileges.
*' 7. Because, finally, this overture evidently tends to stigmatize and throw
scandal on the British and Irish churches, to the breaking the bonds of peace,
union, charity, and mutual love between them and us, to represent us to them
as narrow, factious bigots, and may provoke them to send into America new
Presbyteries of their own, to erect new judicatures, altar against altar, to the
great injury of the work of God, and edification of souls, to the grieving the
Holy Spirit of God, and giving distress of mind to the sincere followers of the
Prince of Peace.
" Matthew Wilson, James Latta, John King, James Lang."
With respect to the reasons of protest against and dissent from the judgment
of Synod about the admission of ministers and candidates from some of the
foreign churches, ofi"ered by a number of the members, the Synod judge it suf-
ficient briefly to observe :
That neither in the overture presented to the Synod, nor in our judgment
consequent upon it, is there any claim of power inconsistent with those rights
of Presbyteries which the dissenting brethren suppose are radically in them,
and essential to them. The powers of licensure and ordination are not so much
as mentioned in the overture, nor in the least infringed upon in the judgment,
and it would be a difiicult task for them to undertake the proof, even upon their
own principles, that the right of admitting persons already licensed or ordained
belongs to Presbyteries exclusively. The dissenting brethren seem to have
wholly mistaken the main ground of the overture, which does not at all appear
to have arisen from a suspicion of unfaithfulness in any of our Presbyteries, or
that the ministry in Britain and Ireland are wholly corrupted, but only that
there is so great a degeneracy in those churches as renders it peculiarly neces-
sary that the greatest care be taken in the admission of ministers and candi-
dates coming from thence, and that the several Presbyteries neither have, nor
can have, those means of information respecting the characters and orthodoxy
of those ministers and candidates the Synod has, nor indeed such means as are
necessary to enable them to judge with any sufficient degree of certainty re-
specting them. Nor can the overture by any means be allowed to be inconsist-
ent with the charity due to the churches of Britain and Ireland, as it is not so
severe with respect to foreigners, as the Synods of Scotland are with respect
to their own candidates, and as the degeneracy of those churches, which was
one of the principal facts upon which the overture was founded, has not been
denied by any of the dissentients. And, finally, we observe, that as the over-
ture only held up to view the churches of Britain and Ireland, it is most unfair
to infer that the explanatory clause annexed to the judgment "seemed to be a
mere subterfuge and equivocation, and calculated to relieve only a few mem-
bers of Synod."
At the same time it was agreed that it should be put upon record that the
yxovd'stranrjei-s in the preceding overture should not be extended to any persons
from any part of the continent of America.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
446 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773.
25fh dfiT/, nine o'clock, A. M. The Si/nocl met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
It was moved by Dr. Eodgers, and seconded by others, that the operation of
the above overture should be suspended till next year ; which, being opposed,
the consideration of the motion is deferred till Thursday morning.
The second Philadelphia Presbytery referred to the Synod the appeal of
Mr. Alexander Alexander from a judgment of the session of the third Presby-
terian congregation in this city, which is agreed shall be considered to-morrow
afternoon.
A complaint was brought in by the Rev. Mr. George Duffield against the
second Philadelphia Presbytery, that they had by one of their members ob-
structed his entrance into a church in this city under their care, to which he
had accepted a call, and had also refused to receive him as a member, although
he was dismissed from, and recommended by, the Presbytery of Donegal, which
was read.
The minutes of the second Philadelphia Presbytery with respect to the
complaint of Mr. Dufi&eld were also read, assigning the reasons of their con-
duct.
A petition and remonstrance from the incorporated committee of the Pres-
byterian churches in Market and Pine streets in this city, was also brought in
and read, setting forth that JMr. Duffield, by the assistance of a part of the
congregation of Pine street, had taken forcible possession of their church in
Pine street, on the twenty-seventh day of September last, and praying we would
take proper care to afford them such relief as the nature of the case required
from us.
The address and representation of the committee of the third Presbyterian
church in Pine street in this city, was brought in and read, stating their con-
duct in obtaining and introducing Mr. Duffield into the church.
After the Presbytery had stated the case and the reason of their conduct,
Mr. Duffield was fully heard, and the Presbytery replied. The parties being
fully heard were ordered to withdraw, and the Synod agreed to proceed to judg-
ment in the afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Tliree d'cloch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed agreeably to the agreement of the forenoon, to form a
judgment in the cause depending between Mr. Duffield and the second Phila-
delphia Presbytery. And after having maturely considered this matter, the
Synod judge that Mr. Duffield had just cause of complaint against the conduct
and judgment of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, who ought to have ad-
mitted him to membership with them and allowed him a fair trial, wherefore
we now declare him to be minister of the Pine street or third Presbyterian
congregation in this city, and order, that he be put upon the list of the afore-
said Presbytery.
Mr. Schank asked leave to go home.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2Qth day, nine o'cIocJc, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post p>reces
sederunt qui supra.
(With the PvGV. Mr. John Woodhull, who gave sufficient reason for not
coming sooner; and also the Hon. Richard Stockton, Dr. Witherspoon's
elder.)
1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 447
A request from Lewestown Presbytery was presented, that the Rev. ]Mr.
Thomas Reed, the Rev. Mr. Josiah Lewis, and Mr. Thomas Smith, a candidate
under the care of New Castle Presbytery, should be set off from New Castle
Presbytery and annexed to them. The Synod, after considering the matter,
concluded only to set off Mr. Josiah Lewis for the present, who is hereby dis-
missed from the New Castle Presbytery, and joined to them.
A petition and remonstrance from the incorporated committee of the Pres-
byterian churches of Market and Pine streets in this city, was brought in and
read, alleging that the Rev. Mr. George Duffield had taken possession of their
church in Pine street in a violent manner, and praying he might be prohibited
by this Synod from persisting in his conduct, and dismissed from their
church .
Mr. George Bryan appeared and informed the Synod, in the name of the
corporation, that they withdrew their cause from our bar for reasons which he
mentioned, and was directed to deliver to us in writing.
The committee appointed to converse with Mr. Stuart, report, that they had
done so at considerable length, and were fully satisfied with the testimonials
produced with respect to his character and morals, and well pleased with the
modesty and candour of his conversation, but that they did not find his views
as to the ministry or employment in future life so fixed as that it could be of
any importance to us or unto himself to join with this Synod under the char-
acter of a minister, nor did he himself desire it, so withdrew his request.
An appeal was brought in by several members of the second Presbyterian
congregation in this city, from a judgment of the first Philadelphia Presbytery,
confirming the judgment of the session of the second Presbyterian church,
with respect to the introduction of Dr. Watts's imitation of the psalms into pub-
lic worship ; and as the moderator was a member of the Presbytery from whose
judgment they appealed, he left the chair, and Mr. Joseph Ti-eat took his
place. The case was stated, the minutes of Presbytery read, and the parties
fully heard and withdrew. The Synod, after considering the matter, declare
that with respect to the judgment of the Presbytery, although it appears to be
drawn up with great caution and tenderness, yet they do not think it proper
finally to judge and decide upon it at present, but appoint Dr. Witherspoon, Dr.
Rodgers, Mr. Strain, and Mr. McWhorter, a committee to converse with the
parties in the congregation, who differ about psalmody, and make report to the
Synod to-morrow afternoon.
Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
Three dcloch, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To hear the reference by the second Philadelphia Presbytery of
Mr. Alexander Alexander's appeal from the judgment of the session of the
third Presbyterian church in this city.
After stating the cause and reading the judgment of the session and the ap-
peal, both parties were fully heard. And the Synod finding, that as the ses-
sion had not a minister of the word to preside through the course of the trial,
and that a minister was the accuser of the appellant, it was judged it was at
least inexpedient to proceed to trial, and upon the whole we think it best, and
do remit the matter back to the Presbytery, to be heard and judged of by them
de novo.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at eight o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
i48 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773.
27th day, eight o'cJocJc, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The order of the morning being called for, Dr. Rodgers withdrew the motion
made by him on Tuesday last, and another member moved in the following
words : " Whereas many brethren are dissatisfied with the act of Synod respect-
ing the non-admission of ministers and candidates into our Presbyteries from
foreign parts, it is i3roposed, that the Presbytery to which any such gentlemen
may offer themselves, may be allowed, if they see their way clear, to employ
them in their vacancies, but that they be not admitted to full membership until
the next Synod, when their testimonials and recommendations shall be laid be-
fore the Synod/' Which being considered was agreed to by the Synod, and is
to regulate the conduct of the Presbyteries, notwithstanding the overture pro-
posed and voted on Monday last.
A petition from the Presbyterian congregation ' in Pine street in this city,
was brought in, praying to be taken from under the care of the second Phila-
delphia Presbytery, and put under some other. Mr. Duffield, the minister of
said congregation, being present, and requesting for himself to be annexed to
the first Philadelphia Presbytery ; the Synod do grant their requests, and set
off Mr. DufHeld, and the congregation aforesaid, from the Presbytery to which
they now belong, and annex him to and put them under the care of the first
Philadelphia Presbytery.
The Presbytery books of New Castle, the first and second Philadelphia Pres-
byteries, and of New Brunswick, were brought in and approved.
Applications were presented for supplies from the Hawfields and Eno in
North Carolina, and from St. Paul's parish in Georgia; in answer to which we
appoint Mr. John Simpson and Mr. Caleb Wallace, candidates, to supply in
the former places as much as they conveniently can before next Synod; and
Mr. Wallace from thence to visit St. Paul's parish in Georgia, and preach there
some time, and the remainder of their time in the other vacancies in the
southern provinces.
As the Presbytery of New Castle have sundry candidates under their care,
some of whom probably can take appointments to the southern provinces, the
Presbytery are desired to consider this matter as soon as possible, and send
such and as many as they find expedient.
The moderator is appointed to give proper recommendations to those who go
on those missions.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. ' Concluded with prayer.
Tliree 0^ clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces
sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed to converse with the parties in the second Pres-
byterian church in this city, differing about psalmody, report, that they have
taken opportunities of conversing with both parties, so far as the time and cir-
cumstances would permit, and that they do not think the Synod should directly
judge of the merits of the appeal, so as to affirm or disapprove the several
distinct propositions laid down by the Presbytery in their judgment; but as
there is not now time to consider fully the different versions of the psalms in
question, and there are minutes of Synod formerly, which countenance congre-
gations in determining this matter according to their own choice, they cannot
make any order to forbid the congregation to continue the practice now begun.
Which being considered was approved, and the Synod on this occasion think
proper earnestly to recommend to both parties peace and harmony, and to for-
bear all harsh sentiments and expressions, and in particular that neither of
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 449
them intimate that eitlier of the versions in question is unfit to be sung, in
Christian worship.
Mr. George Bryan, by the hands of the janitor, delivered into the Synod a
paper containing the reasons of the corporation's withdrawing their petition
and remonstrance, which are as follows :
*' The complainants, after opening in a general manner the matters they could
have proved, in order to enforce the prayer of their remonstrance before the
Reverend Synod, do say we purposed to have gone fully into these matters, but
from what passed here yesterday it appears to us that many of the members,
without having then entered on our complaint, though upon the eve and in full
prospect of so doing, have declared themselves very fully as to the irregularities
and violences imputed to the Rev. Mr. Duffield and some of his adherents, and
that Mr. Duffield hath been established, as far as the Synod can do it, pastor
of Pine street church, against the very prayer of our supplication. Whilst our
complaint is thus manifestly prejudged, we cannot but observe that ridicule is
set up by some of the members as the test of truth, and characters wantonly
attacked in a manner unbecoming the gentleman and the Christian. What then
have we to do but to retire from your bar ?"
After much conversation and great deliberation, it is overtured, that as George
Bryan, Esq. and William Miller, in the name of the incorporated committee,
presented a petition and remonstrance, charging Mr. Duffield with sundry high
crimes and misdemeanors, and praying that he might be removed from the
pulpit and church in Pine street; but some time after those gentlemen with-
drew their said petition, and assigned their reasons therefor, which are ordered
to be recorded on our minutes, the Synod therefore finding no accusers, do acquit
him, the said Mr. Duffield, from all charges contained in the aforesaid petition
and remonstrance.
Application was made from the two Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange,
that every Presbytery to the eastward, should ti-ansmit to them with all con-
veuient speed, the suspension or deposition of any member or candidate from
their bodies, to prevent the Presbyteries aforesaid being imposed upon by such
persons.
The Synod cheerfully comply with their request, and order the Presbyteries
to regulate themselves accordingly.
Adjourned to meet at Philadelphia the third Wednesday in May next, at ten
o'clock, at the second Presbyterian church. Concluded with prayer.
1774.
Philadelphia, May lS(h, 1774.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment.
Ubi 2}osf jn-eces sederunt
Of the Presbytery of Lewestown : The Rev. John Miller.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev John Todd.
Of Orange Presbytery : The Rev. David Caldwell and Hezokiah Balch.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Cooper and John Slenimons
Of Newcastle Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Smith, William McKonnan,
William Forster, John Clark, John Carmichael, Thomas Ptcad, James Wilson,
James Anderson, and John Woodliull.
Of first Presbytery of Philadcdphia : The Rev. Richard Treat, James Sproat,
Andrew Hunter, James Boyd, George Duffield, Benjamin Chesuutt, Alexander
Mitchell, and Samuel Eakin.
Of second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Patrick Alison.
57
450 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. William Tennent, Israel Reed,
John Rosborough, and William Schanck.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Azariah Horton, Alexander McWhor-
ter, James Caldwell, Jedidiah Chapman, and Alexander Miller.
Elders : Messrs. Joseph Cowan, George Curry, James Ewing, Thomas Hope,
Francis Alexander, John McCalla, Daniel Clark, and John Walker.
Absent : Of the Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Matthew Wilson, Jacob
Kerr, Alexander Huston, and Josiah Lewis.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. James Waddell, Ptichard Zanchy, David
Rice, Samuel Leake, William Ervin, John Brown, and Charles Cummiugs.
Of Orange Presbytery : The Rev. Hugh McAden, Henry Patillo, Joseph.
Alexander, Hezekiah James Balch, John Harris, James Creswell, James Camp-
bell, John Simpson, Thomas Reese, and James Edmond.
Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Hugb Vance, John King, John Craig-
head, John Strain, James Lang, Amos Thompson, Joseph Rhea, Samuel Thomp-
son, James Hunt, John Roan, and John Hogg.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Alexander McDowell, James Finley,
James Latta, Joseph Montgomery, Joseph Smith, John McCreary, and Thomas
Smith.
Of Philadelphia first Presbytery : The Rev. Nehemiah Greenman, Enoch
Green, John Brainerd, James Watt, and William Hollingshead.
Of Philadelphia second Presbytery : The Rev. Francis Alison, John Ewing,
John Simonton, Joseph Tate, John Elder, John Steel, Robert McMordie, and
Robert Davidson.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Charles McKnight, Thomas Smith,
Jacob Van Artsdalen, Dr. John Witherspoon, John Guild, Elihu Spencer,
Samuel Kennedy, Jeremiah Halsey, John Hannah, Francis Peppard, Job Prud-
den, and James Lyon.
Of Nfew York Presbytery : The Rev. John Rodgers, Joseph Treat, Jacob
Green, Timothy Jones, Thomas Lewis, Jonathan Elmei", Benjamin Halt, Aaron
Richards, Benjamin Woodruff, Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, Amzi Lewis, Samuel
Sacket, John Close, Andrew Bay, Hugh Knox, Simon Horton, John Moffat,
Abner Brush, and William Woodhull.
The whole Presbytery of Suffolk and Dutchess county.
The Rev. Mr. Sproat, the moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon, from
1 Cor. i. 23, 24.
Mr. Robert Smith was chosen moderator, Mr. Duffield and Mr Forster were
chosen clerks.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M, Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The St/nod met according to adjournment. Post
pi'eces sederunt qui supra.
(With the Rev. Messrs. James Latta, David Caldwell, Jacob Vanarsdalen,
James Finley, Dr. John Rodgers, and Messrs. Anthony Tate and Robert Evans,
elders.)
The reasons of the Rev. Messrs. Tennent, Clark, Rosborough, Israel Reed,
and McKennan, for their absence from Synod last year, were sustained ; as were
also those of the Rev. Messrs. Todd, Hezekiah Balch, and David Caldwell, for
their absence from several former meetings of Synod.
Donegal Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. John Black, and sus-
pended the Rev. Robert Hughey since the last meeting of Synod ; and that the
Rev. William Thom was removed by death some time in last August.
New Castle Presbytery report, that they have suspended the Rev. Sampson
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 451
Smith since our last, and ordained Mr. Thomas Smith to the work of the
miuistry.
The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr.
William Hollinshead to the work of the ministry since our last, who being pre-
sent took his seat.
The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr.
Robert Davison to the work of the ministry since our last, who being present
took his seat accordingly.
New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. Moses
Allen, Oliver Reese, and John De Bow, and dismissed Mr. John Simpson, a
licensed candidate, to Orange Presbytery.
New York Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. Matthias Bur-
net, Joseph Periam, and Samuel McCorkle; and received the Rev. Andrew Bay
from New Castle Presbytery, and the Rev. John Close from Suifolk Presby-
tery, and Mr. Joseph Grover, a licensed candidate, from New England ; and
dismissed the Rev Jonathan Murdoch to Connecticut, in consequence of a call to
him from a congregation there, and that the Rev. Oliver Deeming has been
removed by death since our last. We are informed that the Rev. William
Mills, a member of Suffolk Presbytery, was removed by death the 18th of last
March.
Orange Presbytery report, that they have received the Rev. John Harris
from Lewestown Presbytery, the Rev. James Campbell from the South Pres-
bytery, and the Rev. James Edmonds ; and have licensed and ordained to the
work of the ministry, Mr. Thomas Reese, and have also ordained Mr. John
Simpson.
Hanover Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. Caleb Wallace,
and Samuel Edmiston, and suspended the Rev. Alexander Miller ; and that the
Rev. Messrs. Black and Campbell are removed by death, and the Rev. Mr.
Craig also, in last April.
The Rev. Messrs. John Miller, Todd, David Caldwell, Cooper, Chesnutt,
Mitchell, Patrick Alison, Israel Reed, Azariah Horton, Alexander Miller, Latta,
and John WoodhuU ; with Messrs. McCalla, Clark, Cowan, Curry, and Ewing,
elders, are appointed a committee of overtures to meet here to-morrow morn-
ing, at six o'clock, and by adjournment afterwards as often as occasion may
require.
Messrs. Hunter and Boyd are appointed a committee to examine the Orange
Presbytery book.
Messrs. McWhorter and Alexander Miller, to examine Donegal Presbytery
book.
Messrs. John Miller and James Caldwell, to examine New Castle Presbytery
book.
Messrs. Israel Reed and Chapman, to examine the first Philadelphia Presby-
tery book.
Messrs. Cowper and Foster, to examine the New l^ork Presbytery bonk.
The Presbyteries of Donegal and New Castle have in some measure complied
with the recommendation of the last Synod, for raising money to assist in the
education of pious young men for the ministry, who are unable to support them-
selves ; Lewestown, and the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, have not; neither
have Hanover nor Orange Presbyteries, the two latter not having received timely
notice of the recommendation.
The Synod recommend it to those Presbyteries that have been deficient in the
above, to proceed in that matter as soon as possible, and to the other I'rcsbyte-
ries to continue in prosecuting the pious design.
The committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands of the trea-
surer of the College of New Jersey, for the education of poor and pious youth.
452 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774.
report, tLat they met according to appointment, and disposed of the money in
hand last year. And the Synod appoint as a committee to dispose of such mo-
ney as shall be due October next, the Rev. Dr. Withcrspoon, the Rev. Messrs.
Tennent, Guild, Spencer, James Caldwell, Halsey, Richard Treat, Israel Reed,
and McWhorter, any three of whom to be a quorum, to attend at New Jersey
College the third Wednesday of August next.
The committees appointed last Synod to purchase books and distribute them
among the poor on the frontiers, report, that they have complied with the
order, and disposed of the whole of the sum allowed at New York, and the
whole also of the sum allowed at Philadelphia, except one pound seven shillings
and eight pence, but as the committee at Philadelphia have not yet received
an account of any distribution made by the persons to whose care they have
committed them on the frontiers, the Synod direct them to inquire as soon
as possible into that matter, and use their best endeavours to have said distri-
bution made, (if not already done,) and procure what information they can of
the success attending said distribution, and make report at next meeting of
Synod.
Dr. Rodgers has remitted the money ordered for the inhabitants of Saba, as
appointed.
The first Philadelphia Presbytery, and that of New Castle, have complied
with the order of last Synod respecting the collections for New Jersey Col-
lege.
Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
May 19//^, nine d clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment.
Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Together with the Rev. Messrs. James Finley, Joseph Smith, Thomas Smith,
Joseph Tate, and Elihu Spencer, who are now come ; and also Messrs. Valen-
tine Dushane, and Nathaniel McKinley, elders ; their reasons for not attending
sooner, sustained.
The committee appointed to dispose of money in the hands of the corpora-
tion of the widows' fund brought in their minutes, which were read and ap-
proved. And we appoint the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, Spi'oat, McWhorter, James
Caldwell, and Montgomery, a committee for the same purpose this year, to meet
to-morrow morning, at seven o'clock, at Mr. Sproat's, and as often afterwards
as occasion may require.
Donegal Presbytery, and the other members appointed to meet with them,
Mr. Forster excepted, have complied with the order of last Synod respect-
ing Mr. Kennedy, and report that they have ordered him to desist from
preaching.
Messrs. John Simpson and Caleb Wallace are gone to the southern colonies,
agreeable to an order of last Synod.
The Presbytery of New Castle have complied with the order of last Synod
with respect to sending supplies to the southern colonies, as far as their cir-
cumstances would admit.
It was moved and seconded, and came to be considered, whether a commis-
sion of Synod should be appointed and their powers defined; or the practice of
appointing a commission discontinued, and after reasoning thereon, the Rev.
Messrs. Treat, Dr. Rodgers, McAVhorter, Hunter, and John Miller, were ap-
pointed a committee to prepare an overture to be laid before the Synod next
Monday morning, ascertaining the powers of the commission in case it should
be continued.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 453
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met accordhuj to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(Together with the Rev. Messrs. John Steel, John Elder, Dr. Witherspoon,
James Long, and Jeremiah Halsey, who are now come ; their reasons for not
coming sooner, sustained; as those of the Rev. Messrs. Steel and Elder, for
their absence last year.)
A letter from the Rev. Stephen Johnson, of Lyme, in Connecticut, was laid
before the Synod, informing of a sum of money bequeathed by his son, the
Rev. Diodati Johnson, to be disposed of by this Synod for the purpose of pro-
pagating the gospel in the southern colonies, and requesting that some person
might be appointed to receive the same.
The Synod appoint the Rev. Dr. Rodgers to receive the above, and give a
proper receipt and discharge for the same, and transmit it when obtained into
the hand of the Synodical treasurer as soon as convenient.
A letter from the Rev. JMr. Brainerd was brought in and read, informing of
the Indian school having been kept up in the same manner it was last year,
and of his labours, and prospects of success, amongst the vacancies in those
parts; which, being taken into consideration, the Synod allow Mr. Brainerd
for his services there, the eighteen pounds interest money in the hands of the
trustees of New Jersey College for an Indian mission, and the additional sum
of twenty -five pounds, to be paid out of the money in the hand of the Synodi-
cal treasurer, which sum the treasurer is directed to pay to Mr. Brainerd or
his order.
The Synod agree to print an account of the money collected in consequence
of the Synodical order the year before last, together with a list of the members
of Synod, and the congregations and vacancies under our care, and in order
thereto direct the respective Presbyterial treasurers to furnish the Synodical
treasurer with proper lists of their members, and the congregations and vacan-
cies within their bounds.
Dr. Rodgers laid before the Synod a letter from the Synod of North Hol-
land, which was read ; and Dr. Rodgers and Mr. McWhorter are appointed a
committee to prepare a draught of an answer to the above letter, to be brought
in next Monday morning.
The minutes of last General Convention were brought in by Dr. Rodgers,
their stated register, and read ; and as the next Convention is to meet at Eliza-
bethtown, the third Wednesday of September, at three o'clock, P. M. we ap-
point the Rev. Messrs. Dr. Francis Alison, Dr. John Witherspoon, Dr. John
Rodgers, Richard Treat, William Tennent, James Sproat, Jacob Green, An-
drew Hunter, Benjamin Chcsnutt, Israel Reed, Elihu Spencer, John Miller,
Benjamin Hait, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell,
John WoodhuU, Jcdidiah Chapman, and George Duffield, to attend there as
members of the said convention from this body.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
20f7i day, nine o'clock, A. 31. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui supra.
(Together with the Rev. John Hoge, who is now come ; his reasons for not
attending sooner, sustained.)
The minutes of the committee of overtures were called for, brought in, and
read.
Application was made by the Presbytery of New York requesting assist-
ance to supply among the many large and growing vacancies on the northern
frontier of that province. In consequence of which the Synod appoint Dr.
454 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774.
Rodgers, and Mr. Caldwell, or Mr. McWhorter, as missionaries, to supply
each of them eight Sabbaths among those vacancies, and endeavour as far as
their time will admit, to form them into regular congregations. And the Sy-
nod order the Presbyteries of New York and New Brunswick to supply the
congregations of those gentlemen who go on this mission, in the following
manner, viz. the congregation of New York in Dr. Rodgers' absence to be
supplied, the third Sabbath in June by Mr. Bay ; the fourth, Mr. Roe ; the
first in July, Mr. McWhorter; the second, Mr. Woodruff; the third, Dr.
Witherspoon ; the fourth, Mr. Spencer ; the fifth, I\Ir. Halt ; the first in Au-
gust, Mr. Jones; the second, Mr. Richards. Ehzabethtown to be supplied in
tbe absence of Mr. Caldwell, or Newark in the absence of Mr. McWhorter, the
third Sabbath in June by Mr. Vanarsdalen ; the fourth, Mr. Tennent ; the first
in July, Mr. Schenck; the second, Mr. Reed; the fourth, Mr. Chapman; the
fifth, Mr. Azariah Horton; the first in August, Mr. Elmer; the second, Mr.
Green.
A reference was brought in from the Presbytery of New York, praying the
advice of the Synod, whether the congregation of Jamaica, on Long Island,
whose late minister, the Rev. Mr. Mills, belonged to the Presbytery of Suffolk,
may be taken under their care, as they formerly were, and had never been
dismissed.
The Synod allow that the above congregation be taken under the care of the
Presbytery of New York.
A petition from the Jersey settlement on the IMohawk river, about seventy
miles above Albany, was brought in and read, praying to be taken under the
care of the Synod, and to have some ministers sent among them supported by
the money in the hand of the Synod.
A petition was brought in and read from the united congregations of Timber
Ridge and Hall's Meeting-house, in Virginia, representing the destitute condi-
tion of the church in those parts, and earnestly requesting some supplies to be
sent them, and especially by candidates who may be likely to settle in those
parts.
A petition from Cathey's settlement, in North Carolina, praying for supplies,
was brought in and read, together with which, application was made by the
Rev. Mr. David Caldwell in behalf of many large and growing vacancies in the
bounds of Orange Presbytery, praying that supplies be sent them from the
Synod.
Application was made by the Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper and James Fin-
ley in behalf of the numerovis and increasing vacancies on the extensive west-
ern frontier of Pennsylvania, praying that supplies may be afforded them by
the Synod, and that such as may be sent endeavour to form them into congre-
gations as far as they conveniently can.
A letter was brought in by the Rev. Dr. Rodgers from the Rev. Mr. Henry
Patillo, of Orange Presbytery, representing that great numbers of the inhabi-
tants of the counties of Chowan, Perquimons, Pasquotank, and Currituck, in
the lower parts of North Carolina, are earnestly desirous of supplies being sent
them from this Synod, and praying that a minister may be sent to them with a
view to settlement.
A petition was brought in and read from the Bald Eagle settlement up the
west branch of Susquehanna, earnestly praying for supplies to be sent to those
parts.
Appli(jation was made by the Rev. Mr. John Todd in behalf of the numerous
vacancies within the bounds of Hanover Presbytery, and praying for supplies
from the Synod.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 455
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met accordimj to adjournment. Fust preces
sederunt qui supra.
Together with the Rev. Dr. Francis Alison, the Rev. Messrs. John King and
James Long, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.
The order of this afternoon being called for, an overture was brought ia
by the Rev. Mr. Tate, requesting a review of the act of last year respect-
ing the manner of receiving ministers from Europe, and a consideration of the
power by which the Synod makes such acts to restrain Presbyteries from act-
ing according to the best of their judgment "in things that before these acts
■were allowed to be lawful and not forbidden by the word of God," was taken
into consideration, and the Synod agree to review the said act, and after much
reasoning on the case, it was carried by a considerable majority to reverse
said act.
The Rev. Dr. Withcrspoon, Messrs. Spencer, Hunter, Slemmons, Mitchell,
Duffield, and Balch, dissent from the above judgment, and request liberty to
bring in their reasons and have them entered on record, which is granted.
Dr. Rodgers and the Rev. Messrs. Treat and McWhorter are appointed a
committee to prepare an overture of an act or regulation, to be substituted in
the place of the act reversed by the vote now passed, to be brought in to-
morrow morning.
Mr. David Caldwell and Mr. Carmichael had liberty of absence till Mon-
day-
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
21st do}/, nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post
preces sederunt qui siq^ra.
Together with the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Montgomery and Matthew TTilson,
their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.
A supplication was brought in and read from the congregation of Reedy Creek
and Upper Creek meeting-houses, on the heads of the Catawba waters, repre-
senting their destitute condition, and requesting a minister to be sent them who
may be likely to settle among them.
The committee appointed yesterday to prepare an overture of an act or regu-
lation respecting the admission of ministers and candidates from foreign parts,
brought in a draught, which, being read a first and second time, and amended,
■was unanimously approved, and is as follows, viz :
" Whereas, it is of the highest importance to the interest of the Redeemer's
kingdom that the greatest care be observed by church judicatures to maintain
orthodoxy in doctrine, and purity in practice, in all their members, this Synod,
in addition to the agreement upon this head of the year 1764, and further ex-
plained in the year 17G5, do most earnestly recommend it to all their Presbyte-
ries to be very strict and careful respecting these matters, especially in examin-
ing the certificates and testimonials of ministers or probationers who come from
foreign churches; and that they be very cautious about receiving them, unless
the authenticity of their certificates and testimonials be supported by private
letters, or other credible and sufficient evidence ; and in order more efiectually
to preserve this Synod, our Presbyteries, and congregations from impo.sition and
abuse, every year when any Presbytery may report that they have received any
ministers or probationers from foreign chuix-hes, that Presbytery shall lay be-
fore the Synod the testimonials, and all other certificates upon which they re-
ceived such ministers or probationers, for the satisfaction of the Synod, before
such foreign ministers or probationers shall be enrolled as members of our body ;
456 MINUTES OF THE S^NOD OF [I774,
and if the Synod shall find the said testimonials false or insufficient, the whole
proceedings had by the Presbytery in the admission shall be held to be void ;
and the Presbytery shall not from that time receive or acknowledge him as a
member of this body, or in ministerial communion with us. And, on the other
hand, whensoever any gentlemen from abroad shall come duly recommended,
as above, we will gladly receive them aS brethren, and give them every encour-
agement in our power."
An appeal from a judgment of New Castle Presbytery respecting a call to
the Rev. Joseph Smith, was brought in. The consideration of this affair de-
ferred till next Tuesday morning.
A representation from the Rev. Dr. Ezra Stiles and the Rev. Samuel Hop-
kins, respecting the sending two natives of Africa on a mission to propagate
Christianity in their native country, and a request that the Synod would coun-
tenance this undertaking by their approbation of it, was brought in and read.
The consideration of the above deferred.
The appeal of a certain Joseph Zury from a judgment of the Presbytery of
New Castle was brought in and read, as also the minutes of the Presbytery and
Session respecting that affair, by which it appears that the said Joseph Zury
had been charged with the crime of fornication ; in judging of which matter
the Presbytery found themselves under some difficulty to determine clearly on
the one side or the other ; the Synod after duly considering the affair, unani-
mously agree, that said charge, as circumstanced, ought not to prevent said
Zury from sealing ordinances, and do therefore declare him acquitted.
The Synod appoint Mr. Treat, Mr. McWhorter and Mr. Foster a commit-
tee to prepare the list for printing which was to have been done by Dr. With-
erspoon.
A query was brought in, about ]Mr. McGill, labouring in the ministry within
the bounds of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, especially in one of the con-
gregations under their care, and has assisted one of their members in the ad-
ministration of the Lord's supper.
The Synod remit this affair to the second Philadelphia Presbytery, and di-
rect them to send one of their members to preach on a Sabbath in that congre-
gation where Mr. McGill has been preaching, as above, and read to them the
minute of the Synod last year respecting that gentleman, and warn them not
to encourage him among them whilst matters remain in their present situation.
And the Synod further order the said Presbytery to be careful that none of
their members encourage him in the question of the ministerial office.
Doctor Witherspoon had liberty of absence till Tuesday afternoon, Mr. Spen-
cer till Monday, and Mr. Halsey through the remaining part of the present
session.
Adjourned till three o'clock P. M. next Monday. Concluded with prayer.
Monday, May 23(7, three ddocli, P. M. The Synod met accordinrj to adjourn-
ment. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. John Thompson, Mr. Montgomery's elder, and Mr. John McCalmont,
Mr. McKennan^'s elder, are now come.
The representation and request relative to sending negro missionaries to Africa,
was taken into consideration, in consequence of which the subject of negro sla-
very came to be considered, and after much reasoning on the matter Dr. Rod-
gers, Messrs. John Miller, Caldwell, and Montgomery, were appointed a com-
mittee to bring in an overture on this subject on Wednesday morning.
The consideration of the overture brought in by Mr. Tate, viz : respecting
'' The power by which the Synod makes such acts to restrain Presbyteries from
1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 457
acting to tte best of their judgment in things, that before these acts, were
allowed to be lawful, and not forbidden by the word of God," is deferred to
next Synod.
The call for the overture respecting a commission of Synod, is deferred till
Wednesday morning.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
24ort in
many parts of the Church, do recommend it to their people, to abstain from
them, in order to avoid giving offence.
A^n-ced, to pay the janitor forty shillings for his attendance on the present
session. Ordered, that Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the
same.
Adjourned to meet in the Second Presbyterian Church, in Philadelphia, the
third Wednesday of May next, at eleven o'clock, ante meridiem.
Concluded with prayer.
496 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1783.
1783.
PhladeJjMa, May 'list, 1783.
The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment,
at the Second Presbyterian church. Ubi post preces sederunt
Of New York Presbytery : The Kev. Drs. John Rodgers and Alexander
McWhorter, the Rev. Messrs. Nathan Kerr, Jonathan Elmer, and Alexander
Miller.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon and Elihu
Spencer, the Rev. Messrs. Samuel S. Smith. Samuel Kennedy, and Francis
Peppard.
Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. James Sproat, the Rev.
Messrs. George Duffield. Alexander Mitchell, William Hollingshead, William
Tennent, Daniel McCalla, George Faitout, Nathaniel Irwin, and Samuel Blair.
Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Ewiug, the Rev.
Messrs. Robert McMordie, and Robert Davidson.
Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Messrs. James Latta, Robert
Smith, James Finley, Thomas Read, William Smith, John Carmichael, John
McCreary, James Anderson, and Daniel Jones.
Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper, James Lang,
John Craighead, John King, Colin McFarquhar, Thomas McFerrin, William
Linn, and John Black.
Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Rev. Mr. John McMillan.
Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Messrs. John Miller and Samuel
McMasters.
Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. Mr. James Edmunds.
Elders : Messrs. William Faulkner, John Pinkerton, William Mclntire, John
Bergen, Robert Porter, James Porter, William Brizben, Samuel Waugh, Lucas
Aldridge, and Patrick Scott.
Absent : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. Hugh Knox, the
Rev. Messrs. Timothy Jones, Simon Horton, Aaron Richards, John Moffiitt,
Benjamin WoodruiF, Abner Brush, Joseph Treat, Azel Roe, Jedidiah Chapman,
Jacob Vanarsdalen, Matthias Burnet, Andrew King, and John Joline.
Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Israel
Read, John Hannah, John Woodhull, John Warford, Thomas Smith, and Philip
Stockton.
Of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt,
W^illiam Schenck, James Grier, Andrew Hunter, Israel Evans, and Robert
Keith.
Of the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Messrs. John Elder and
John Simonton.
Of the New Castle Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. William McKennan,
Joseph Montgomery, James Armstrong, John Finley, Thomas Smith, and
Samuel Eakin.
Of the Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, John
Hogg, James Martin, Hugh McGill, Amos Thompson, James Hunt, Hugh
Vance, Samuel Dougal, John McKnight, John Linn, David Bard, Samuel
Waugh, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Woods, and Stephen Balch.
Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Rev. Messrs. John Clark, James Power,
Thaddeus Dodd, James Dunlap, and Joseph Smith.
Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev, Messrs. John Hill, Joseph Alex-
ander, John Debeau, Casson, Roe, Archibald, McCall, Barr, Harris, Thacher,
Caldwell, Patillo, Craighead, McCorkle, Templeton.
1783.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA." 497
Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Jacob
Kerr, Alexander Huston, and John Rankin.
The Synod was opened by Mr. Latta, the last year's moderator, with a ser-
mon from 1 Tim. iv. IG.
The Rev. John JMcCreary, of New Castle Presbytery, was chosen mode-
rator, and the Rev. Messrs. Nathaniel Irwin and John Black were chosen clerks.
The members who were absent from last Synod, as also from precediu'iculo; or by a classis. Presby-
tery, or Synod of a sister church, iu which case it shall be taken up as a fama
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 521
cJamosa, and prosecuted by the classis, Presbytery, or Synod, to which the
offender or offenders may belong; and the whole proceedings on the svibject
shall be transmitted, properly authenticated by tlie moderator, the pracses, the
scribe, or the clerk, to the informing body for their satisfaction.
"3d. On the fourth inquiry, resolved, that in order to aid the exercise of
discipline, and discourage fugitives from it, every Classis, Presbytery, or Synod,
shall officially communicate to its neighbouring Presbytery, Classis, or Synod,
the name or names of every minister or candidate subject to censure, either of
a lesser or higher nature, after which such Presbytery, Classis, or Synod, shall
be held to view, and treat such ministers or candidates as lying under ecclesias-
tical censure, to all intents and purposes as if they belonged to their own body,
until such person or persons shall be regularly acquitted or restored by the
judicatory who had inflicted such censure.
" 4th. With reference to the fifth, relating to such grievances as may here-
after arise in congregations under the jurisdiction of the different corresponding
Synods, it is determined that such differences shall be referred to the considera-
tion of a future convention. But as it is possible that some contingencies may
arise, which will render a call of the convention before the stated time of meeting
necessary, so it is resolved, that a power be lodged in the moderator of the con-
vention, with the consent of one member of the convention at least from each
Synod, by circular letters to call an extraordinary convention, provided such a
call be not more than once in one year.
" 5th. The convention thought proper to amend the resolution of their com-
mittee, by agreeing to a biennial instead of an annual convention.
" On motion to ascertain and limit the powers of the convention in all times
to come, resolved, that those powers shall be merely of counsel ami advice, and
that it shall on no account possess judiciary or executive authority, and every
subject that shall come regularly before the convention, shall, after being pro-
perly digested, be referred to the respective Synods, together with the opinion
of the convention, and the reasons on which it is founded, for their judiciary
and ultimate decision.
" Agreed, that the convention shall, when met, set apart a certain portion of
their time for social and fervent prayer to Almighty God, for his blessing oa
their counsels and the churches they represent; and that said convention, when-
ever circumstances appear to them to require public and general humiliation or
thanksgiving, shall recommend to the corresponding Synods to set apart the
same day to be observed throughout all their churches.
" Resolved, That Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Livingston, and Mr. Mason, be a committee
to draw out three fair copies of the above minutes, in order that each of the
corresponding Synods may be furnished with one.
" Concluded with prayer."
The consideration of the above report was deferred till to-morrow morning.
The Synod took into consideration the motion made last year, respecting the
time to be employed in the study of divinity by such as design to offer them-
selves for the work of the ministry, previous to their being taken on trials ;
and considering the present circumstances of our churches, determined it in the
negative.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Qth da)/, nine ddoch, A. M. Synod met. Post j^rcccs scdcnuit qui
sitpra.
The consideration of the report of the committee to meet with the coniniittces
of the Low Dutch lleformed Synod of New Y'ork and New Jersey, and of the
Associate Reformed Synod, resumed. It appears by the report of said com-
66
522 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786.
mittee, that they have conversed fully and freely with the brethren of the above
Synods on the subject of an union with them, and the Synod approves their
diligence and fidelity in this matter, and agree to appoint a committee to meet
such delegates as may be appointed by the above Synods on this business, in the
city of New York on the second Tuesday of October next.
Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. Matthew Wilson, and Mr. Woodhull, were ap-
pointed a committee to draw up instructions to regulate the conduct of the
delegation which may be appointed to meet the committees of the Low Dutch
Keformed Synod of New York and New Jersey, and of the Associate Reformed
Synod.
The committee appointed to consider of a plan for the division of the Synod,
reported, that they had met and made some progress in the business, but that
they were not yet prepared to lay their plan before Synod, and therefore re-
quested, that they might have leave to meet again, which was granted.
On motion ordered, that Mr. John Smith be added to the committee appointed
to consider of a plan for the division of the Synod.
On motion ordered, that Dr. Witherspoon, Mr. William Linn, and Mr. James
Wilson, be a committee to select such parts of the proceedings of the present
sessions of the Synod as they may judge will be of general advantage to the
church, and report them to the Synod for their concurrence, that they may be
printed.
The committee appointed to prepare a selection from the different versions
of the psalms to be used in our churches, which might give more general satis-
faction than any one version now used, report that they had paid attention to
the affair but had not yet completed it.
Ordered, That the same committee be continued to carry into effect the busi-
ness assigned them, and make report next Synod.
Adjourned till Monday next, (22d,) nine o'clock in the morning. Concluded
with prayer.
Monday, 22f7 day, at nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met. Post preces sede-
runt qui supra.
Mr. McDonald being now come gave reasons for not attending sooner, which
were satisfactory.
The testimonials of Mr. Walter Monteith, a licensed candidate from the Pres-
bytery of Dunbarton in Scotland, were laid before Synod by the Presbytery of
New York and approved.
The committee appointed to prepare and report a draught of a plan for the
division of the Synod into three or more Synods, brought in their report, which
is as follows, viz :
" Your committee beg leave to report, that they conceive it proper, previ-
ously to the division of the Synod, to divide some of the Presbyteries which
are now too extensive in their limits, and to new-model some others, so as to
render them more convenient than they are at present; and, therefore, recom-
mend to Synod to institute the following arrangement, viz :
" 1st. That Abingdon Presbytery be divided into two Presbyteries, the one
to be bounded by New lliver on the north and east, by the Apalachian Moun-
tains on the south, and by Cumberland Mountain on the west, consisting of
the Rev. Charles Cummings, Hezekiah Balch, John Casson, Samuel Doak,
and Samuel Houston, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of Abing-
don, and to hold their first meeting agreeably to adjournment of the late Pres-
bytery of Abingdon. The other to comprehend the district of Kentucky and
the settlements on Cumberland River, consisting of the Rev. David Rice,
Thomas Craighead, Adam Rankin, Andrew McClure, and James Crawford, to
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 523
be known by the name of the Presbytery of Transylvania, and to meet for the
first time at Danville, in the district of Kentucky, on the third Tuesday of
next October, the Rev. David Kice to preside, or in case of his absence, the
senior minister present.
" 2d. That the Presbytery of Hanover be divided into two Presbyteries, the
one to be bounded by the Apalachian Mountains on the north-west, by the
Presbytery of Orange on the south, by the Presbytery of Donegal on the
north and east, and by the Chesapeake and Atlantic on the south-east, con-
sisting of the Rev. Richard Zanchy, John Todd, James Waddel, William
Irwin, John Blair Smith, James Mitchel, John D. Blair, and Daniel McCalla,
to be known by the name of Hanover Presbytery, and to hold their first meet-
ing at Hampden Sidney, in Prince Edwards county, on the third Tuesday of
September next, the Rev. Richard Zanchy to preside, or in his absence the
senior minister present. The other to be bounded by the Presbytery of Red-
stone and Carlisle on the North, by the south-eastern ridge of the Apalachian
Mountains on the east and south, and by New River on the west, consisting of
the Rev. John Brown, William Graham, Archibald Scott, James McConnel,
Edward Crawford, Benjamin Irwin, John Montgomery, William Wilson, Moses
Hoge, John McCue, Samuel Carrick, and Samuel Shannon, to be known by
the name of the Presbytery of Lexington, and to meet for the first time at
Timber Ridge, in Rock Bridge county, on the last Tuesday of September
next, the Rev. John Brown to preside, or in his absence the senior minister
present.
*' 3d. That the Presbytery of Donegal be divided into two Presbyteries,
One of which to consist of the Rev. John Slemmons, James Hunt, Stephen
Balch, and Isaac Keith, with the Rev. Dr. Patrick Alison from the late second
Presbytery of Philadelphia, and the Rev. George Luckey from the ]*resby-
tery of New Castle, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of Baltimore,
and to meet for the first time in Baltimore town on the last Tuesday of Octo-
ber next, the Rev. Dr. Alison to preside, or in his absence the senior minister
present. The other to consist of the Rev. Samuel Thompson, John Hoge,
Hugh McGill, Robert Cooper, James Martin, James Lang, John Craighead,
John King, Hugh Vance, Thomas McFerren, John McKnight, Dr. Robert
Davidson, John Black, Samuel Dougall, John Lynn, David Beard, Samuel
Waugh, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Stevens, and James Johnston, with the
Rev. John Elder and Robert McMordie, from the late second Presbytery of
Philadelphia, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of Carlisle, and to
hold their first meeting agreeably to the adjournment of the late Presbytery of
Donegal.
" 4th. That the Rev. Colin McFarquhar, late of the Presbytery of Donegal,
be annexed to the Presbytery of New Castle.
« 5th. That the distinction of first Presbytery and second Presbytery of
Philadelphia, shall henceforth cease, and that the members of these two Pres-
byteries, except those that are annexed to the Presbyteries of Baltimore and
Carlisle, be united into one Presbytery to be known by the name of the Pres-
bytery of Philadelphia, to hold their first meeting on the third Tuesday of
October next in the city of Philadelphia, and the Rev. Dr. Sproat to preside,
or in his absence the senior minister present.
''Your committee beg leave further to report, that they conceive it will he
most conducive to the interests of religion that this Synod be divided into f.nir
Synods, and therefore submit to the Synod the following plan for dividing the
Synod of New York and Philadelphia into four distinct Synods, subordinate to
a General Assembly to be constituted out of the whole. ,.„,,. -
<' 1st. That one of the said Synods shall consist of the Presbyteries of
524 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786.
Dutchess county, Suffolk, New York, and New Brunswick, to be known by the
name of the Synod of New York and New Jersey.
" 2d. That another Synod shall consist of the Presbyteries of Philadelphia,
Lewestown, New Castle, Baltimore, and Carlisle, to be known by the name of
the Synod of Philadelphia.
" 3d. That another Synod shall consist of the Presbyteries of Ptedstone,
Hanover, Lexington, and Transylvania, to be known by the name of the Synod
of Virginia.
" 4th. That another Synod shall consist of the Presbyteries of Abingdon,
Orange, and South Carolina, to be known by the name of the Synod of the
Carolinas.
" 5th. That out of the body of these Synods a General Assembly shall be
constituted in the following manner, viz : That every Presbytery shall, at their
last stated meeting preceding the meeting of the General Assembly, depute to
the General Assembly commissioners in the following proportion ; each Pres-
bytery consisting of not more than six ministers shall send one minister and
one elder ; each Presbytery consisting of more than six ministers and not more
than twelve, shall send two ministers and two elders, and so in the same pro-
portion for every six ministers. And these commissioners or any fourteen of
them, whereof seven to be ministers, being met on the day and at the place
appointed, shall be competent to enter upon business. And the judicatory
thus constituted, shall bear the style and title of the General Assembly of the
Presbyterian Church in the United States of America."
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with pjrayer.
At three o'chcJc, P. 31. the Sijnod met Po&t preces sederunt qui supra.
The committee appointed at our last meeting to compile a system of disci-
pline and church government, brought in their report, part of which was read.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer.
2^d dai/j nine o'doch, A. 31. Sijnod met. Post preces sederunt qui
supra.
(Except Dr. Rodgers and Mr. John Miller, who had leave to go home.)
The committee appointed to draw up instructions to regulate the conduct of
the delegates, to meet with the delegates of the Low Dutch Reformed Synod of
New York and New Jersey, and of the Associate Reformed Synod in conven-
tion in the city of New York in October next, laid them before Synod, which
with some amendments were approved, and are as follows, viz :
" The delegates on the part of this Synod are to inform the convention that
this body is about to divide itself into four Synods, subordinate to a General
Assembly. That they have now under consideration a plan of church govern-
ment and discipline, which it is hoped will, when completed, be sufficient to
answer every query of the convention upon that head ; and that the mutual
assurances mentioned in the minutes of the last convention, may, as far as they
respect this Synod, be made with much more propriety after the intended
system is finished than at present.
'' They are to assure the convention of the readiness and desire of this body
in the mean time to unite, in a consistent manner, their influence with that of
the other Synods, in order to promote the spiritual interest and best good of
the whole. And the delegates from this Synod are to enter into a friendly
conference with those of the other Synods, and in conjunction with them to
concert such measures as shall appear best calculated to diffuse harmony and
1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 525
brotherly love tbrough the several churches, and promote the interest of the
Redeemer's kingdom, and to make report of the whole to this Synod at their
meeting in May next. On motion resolved, that the Rev. Drs. John Wither-
ppoon, John Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, Messrs. Israel Read, John
\Yoodhull, Nathan Kerr, with the moderator, be appointed, and they are
hereby appointed delegates ou behalf of this Synod for the purposes above
mentioned.
" Ou motion resolved, that the book of discipline and government be recom-
mended to a committee to meet in the city of Philadelphia on the second Tues-
day of September next, who shall have powers to digest such a system as they
shall think to be accommodated to the state of the Presbyterian Church in Ame-
rica, that they shall procure three hundred copies to be printed and distributed to
the several Presbyteries in proportion to the number of their members under the
engagement of this Synod, to have the expense of printing and distribution
reimbursed to the committee at their next meeting ; and every Presbytery is
hereby required to report, in writing, to the Synod at their next meeting, their
observations on the said book of government and discipline."
The committee appointed to attend to the above business, were Drs. Wither-
spoon, McWhorter, Rodgers, Sproat, Duffield, Alison, and Ewing; Mr. Mat-
thew Wilson, and Dr. Smith, with Isaac Snowden, Esquire, Mr. Robert Tag-
gart, and Mr. John Pinkerton, elders.
The Synod being informed that several disorders and disagreeable circum-
stances have taken place in some of the churches in the western parts, espe-
cially within the bounds of the Presbytery of Abingdon, to the great prejudice
of the interest of religion in those parts, did appoint Mr. McCorkle, Mr. Scott,
Mr. Moses Hoge, Mr. Francis Cummings, Mr. John Smith, and Mr. Vance, or
a majority of them, with an elder to accompany each, as a committee, in the
name of the Synod, to meet at Salem Church, on the waters of Nola Chucky,
on the second Wednesday of October next, with power to them to call before
them such persons concerned in these disturbances, as are members of, or under
the authority of this Synod, to hear and consider what shall be represented to
them, and take proof of disputed allegations, if necessary ; to endeavour, with
prudence and meekness, to accommodate difierences ; where this cannot be
wholly effected, and matters appear to them to be ripe for decision, and they be
unanimous, to give judgment; if not unanimous, that they cite all whom they
think necessary, to appear before the Synod, or General Assembly, at the next
meeting, to have the matter fully judged, only taking care in any case where
proof is necessary, that it be taken upon the spot, that there may be no unneces-
sary delay of a final and effectual settlement. They are also empowered, if
there appear to thcra any urgent, or very doubtful censures inflicted by any of
the parties upon others, to suspend the execution till the meeting of the Synod,
or General Assembly.
The members of the Presbytery of Abingdon are required by Synod to read
the above appointment publicly in their congregations, at least four weeks before
the meeting of the committee, and this reading shall be considered as a citation
to all parties concerned, to appear; and if any fail to appear, the couiniittce,
however, shall proceed to take evidence as they shall see cause ; and no evidence
pretended to be produced afterwards, shall be admitted to invalidate the mea-
sures of the committee, or to prevent the decision of Synod.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met. Post preces sederunt quisiiprn.
The minutes of the Presbytery of Lewestown were reviewed by the commit-
tee appointed for that purpose, to page 122, who reported a number of omis-
sions and inaccuracies upon their records, which appear to Synod to have been
526 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786.
occasioned by the tumultuous state of the country during the revolution, and
the hasty manner in which they were obliged to transact business. Whereupon,
the Synod gave orders, that that Presbytery in future have their minutes care-
fully revised before they are recorded.
The minutes of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia were reviewed by the
committee appointed for that purpose, unto page 13, and were approved.
In consequence of an overture which was brought in, the Synod earnestly
recommend to all the vacant congregations under their care, to meet together
every Lord's day, at one or more places, for the purposes of prayer and praises,
and reading the Holy Scriptures, together with the works of such approved
divines as they may be able to procure, and that the elders be the persons who
shall pray, and select the portions of Scripture and other books, to be read by
any proper person whom they may appoint.
The Synod considering the education of youth, and their being early in-
structed in the principles of religion, as the most useful means of promoting
the influence of the gospel in our cburches, resolved, that it be enjoined ou
every Presbytery, in appointing supplies to their vacant congregations, to take
order that every vacant congregation within their limits, be carefully catechized
at least once in a year, in the same manner as is required by the order of our
church in congregations supplied with regular pastors, and that the ministers
appointed to this duty be required, at the next meeting of the Presbytery, to
render an account of their fidelity in this respect, and that the Presbyteries be
required to render an account of their attention to this order at the next meet-
ing of Synod.
On motion made and seconded, Ordered, That every Presbytery take eifectual
measures to raise from each congregation under their care, whether supplied
with a pastor or vacant, a collection, previous to the next meeting of Synod,
for defraying the expenses of printing the public acts of Synod, and for print-
ing and distributing the book of government and discipline, and for such
other purposes as to the Synod shall seem proper, and that each Presbytery
send said collections with some one of their members who shall attend Synod
next year, and the Synod agree to render to the people an account of the dis-
bursements.
In consequence of a request from the Presbytery of New York for some
ministers, or probationers, to be sent to preach the gospel in their vacancies
above Albany, the Synod appointed Mr. Burton to supply in those parts as
much as he conveniently can through the ensuing summer, and recommended to
Mr. Thompson to pay a visit to those vacancies for the same purpose, at such
time as he may find most convenient.
The Synod proceeded to consider the report of the committee on a plan for
dividing the Synod into three or more Synods, and adopted it so far as respects
the arranging of Presbyteries; and the Synod do hereby establish the arrange-
ment therein contained. The consideration of the remaining part of the report
was deferred till our next stated meeting, at which time the several Presbyteries
are desired to attend prepared to determine respecting it.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
Wednesday, 24reces sederunt qui sujira.
Mr. Jacob Vanarsdalen and Dr. Alison are now come ; their reasons for not
coming sooner were sustained.
Doctor McWhorter, agreeably to order, brought in a draught of a letter to
the Presbytery of Suffolk, which was approved, and ordered to be signed by
the moderator and sent to that Presbytery, and is as follows :
" To the Reverend the Pre&bytery of Suffolk County :
" Reverend and dear Brethren : — We received a letter from you, dated April
11th, 1787, which both surprised and grieved us, by informing us ' that you
think it needful that the union between you and us should be dissolved.' We
are surprised that a matter of so great importance, as breaking the peace and
•unity of the church, should be so suddenly gone into, without our receiving
any information of the matter in respect to any previous things leading to such
an event. We declare that we have done nothing which we know of, that
should be so much as matter of offence to you, much less a ground of withdraw-
ment or separation. We have always supposed that you, as brethren with us,
believed in the same general system of doctrine, discipline, worship, and church
government, as the same is contained in the Westminster Confession of Faith,
Catechisms, and Directory. Y"ou inform us ' that your local situation renders
it inconvenient to maintain the union.' This is the same that ever it was,
when we took sweet counsel together, strengthened each other's hands in the
advancement of the cause of our dear Redeemer, stood firm in opposition to
the enemies of our religion, and greatly comforted and encouraged one an-
other.
"You say ' that concurrence with the draught of the form of government
and discipline for the Presbyterian Church in North America, is impractica-
ble.' That is only a draught or overture for consideration and amendment,
and we should have rejoiced much to have had your company and aid in point-
ing out those impracticabilities, and in altering, correcting, and completing the
said draught. We apprehend there are no principles in it different from the
1787.] NEW YORK AND nilLADELPIIIA. 533
Westminster Directory, only the same rendered more explicit in some things,
and more conformable to the state and circumstances of the Presbyterian Church
in America.
*' You likewise add, ' the churches in your limits will not comply therewith.'
Perhaps those churches, from some cause unknown to us, may have hastily im-
bibed groundless prejudices, which by taking some pains with them, and by
giving a proper explanation of the matter, might be readily removed. We are
fully of opinion that the general principles in said draught contain the plaa
of church discipline and government revealed in the New Testament, and are
conformable, (allowances being made for the diftercnccs in the states of civil
society and local circumstances,) to the practices and usages of the best re-
formed churches.
" Wherefore, dearly beloved brethren, in the bowels of brotherly love, we en-
treat you to reconsider the resolution expressed in your letter.
" You well know that it is not a small thing to rend the seamless coat of
Christ, or to be disjoined parts of that one body, his church. We are all mem-
bers one of another; there should be no schism in the body, but we should
comfort, encourage, and strengthen one another by the firmest union in our com-
mon Lord. We are Presbyterians, and we firmly believe the Presbyterian sys-
tem of doctrine, discipline, and church government, to be nearer to the word of
God than that of any other sect or denomination of Christians. Shall all other
sects and parties be united among themselves for their support and increase, and
Presbyterians divided and subdivided, so as to be the scorn of some and the
prey of others ? In order to testify to you the high sense we entertain of the
importance of union in the Presbyterian body in America, we have appointed a
committee, viz : The Rev. Dr. Ilodgers, Dr. McWhortcr, Mr. Roe, .Mr. John
Woodhull, and Mr. Davenport, to wait upon you to converse with you, and to
endeavour to remove diificulties.
" Therefore, we request the moderator of your Presbytery to call tlie same
together to meet our committee at Huntingdon on the first Wednesday in Sep-
tember for these purposes, at which time and place our committee are appointed
to attend, that you may in a spirit of candour and love reconsider your resolu-
tion, and continue in a state of union with us, and that we may, by our united
eflbrts, advance the kingdom of our glorious Redeemer, is the earnest prayer of
your affectionate and grieved brethren.
" Signed by order of the Synod.
" Jedidiah Chapman, I\Ioderator.
« PUladelphia, May IStJi, 1787."
Messrs. Irwin and Green were appointed to examine the Baltimore Presby-
tery book.
The Synod resumed the consideration of the draught of a plan ot govern-
ment, &c. The Presbytery of Baltimore gave in their remarks on said draught,
which were read. The Synod then proceeded to consider the draught, para-
graph by paragraph.
Doctor Witherspoon is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner were
sustained.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
TJiree o'clock, P. M. Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The consideration of the draught was resumed, and after having gone through
several sections thereof, , , j -.u
Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
534 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [1787.
May \SSili, 1787, nine d'doclc, A. M. Synod met according to adjournment.
Ubi post 2)rcces sederunt qui supra.
Except Mr. Irwin's elder, who is gone home through indisposition.
Mr. Watt and Mr. McKee having now come, their reasons for not comina:
sooner were sustained.
Ordered, to proceed in considering the draught, and after having gone through
several sections,
Adjourned to nine o'clock on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
3Iay list, 1787, nine o^cloclc, A. 31. Synod met according to adjommment.
TJhi pjost preces sederunt qui supra.
Except Dr. Henderson, who had leave to go home.
Mr. John Warford and ]Mr. John llankin having now come, their reasons for
not coming sooner were sustained.
Ordered, to proceed in considering the draught, and made some progress.
Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Tliree o'clock, P. 31. The Synod met agrccalle to adjournment. Ubi post
p)reces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, to resume the consideration of the draught, and made some progress
therein.
As the minds of the members appeared to be considerably divided respecting
the proposed representation from vacant congregations, it was agreed to defer
the consideration of that paragraph until the other parts of the draught shall
have been considered.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
22d 3Iay, 1787, Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi p)Ost j^'^^'^^s
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Longstreet, Dr. Witherspoon's elder, having come, took his seat.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Smith, and Mr. Latta, were appointed a
committee to prepare an overture respecting the setting apart of ruling elders
and deacons to their respective offices.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. 31. Synod met according to adjournment. V bi piost p)rec€S
sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught, and made some progress.
The testimonials of Mr. John Young, a probationer from the Presbytery of
Irvine, in Scotland, accompanied with corroborating evidential letters, were laid
before Synod, and approved, and he has leave to put himself under the care of
the Presbytery of New Y^ork.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. ,.
2od 3fay, 1787. The Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi post
2)reccs sederunt qui sujjra.
Dr. Samuel Smith and Mr. James Muir having now come, their reasons for
not coming sooner were sustained.
Mr. lioe and Mr. Bloomiield had leave to go home.
1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 535
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught, and made considerable
progress.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Sj/nod met according to adjournment. Ubi jwst prcces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. James Finley has gone home -without leave.
An address from the corporation of tlie widows' fund was brought in and
read, particularly stating the deficiency of a number of contributors to the fund
in their annual payment, which prevents the corporation from paying the an-
nuities to their widows; requesting the interposition of Synod with them, to
procure a greater punctuality in their contributors, or the proposal of some plan,
whereby the fund may be secured in receiving the annual rates stipulated by
them; and also stating the distress which the want of this punctuality in the
cases of the Rev. Mr. Huston and the Rev. Mr. Carmichael hath occasioned,
whereby they were reduced to the disagreeable necessity of withholding the
annuity from their families. The corporation were also heard in explaining at
large for the satisfaction of the members of Synod, the fundamental principles
of their institution, upon which they have j)roceeded in their determination in
the case of the family of Mr. Carmichael. At the same time a petition from
Mrs. Carmichael was brought in, requesting the interposition of the Synod
with the corporation to procure for her the annuity which has been held from,
her by them.
Ordered, That these papers lie on the table.
It was moved and carried, that the form of process in Stewart of Pardovan's
Collection be read and considered as a basis of delibeiation, along with the
draught.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
24^A May, 1787. Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Woodhull obtained leave of absence from Synod.
The Synod re-considered the vote of yesterday respecting Pardovan's Collec-
tion, when the former vote was agreed to.
Ordered, to proceed in considering the draught, &c., and made some progress.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o'clock, P. M. Synod met agreeably to adjournment. Vbi post ])reccs
sederunt qui supra.
"blr. Longstreet obtained leave to go home.
The Synod did allow, and do hereby allow, that Dr. Watts's imitation of Da-
vid's Psalms, as revised by Mr. Barlow, be sung in the churches and families
under their care.
Ordered, to proceed in considering the draught, and concluded reading para-
graph by paragraph.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
2bth May, 1787. Synod met according to adjournment. L bi post preces
sederunt qui snjva.
(Except Jlessrs. Yanarsdalen, Farqubar, Black, Lynn, Waugh, and Dr.
Alison.)
31r. Barr had leave to go home.
536 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1787.
Ordered, To put off till the afternoon the further consideration of the draught
of a plan of government and discipline, in order to inquire into certain disturb-
ances which have taken place in the western parts of the church, and especially
within the bounds of the Presbytery of Abingdon ; for the settlement of which
a committee was appointed at the sessions of Synod, in 1786, to meet at Salem,
in Nola Chuckey, last October.
Mr. Hoge, one of the committee, informed the Synod, that he was the only
member who attended ; the reasons given by the other members of that com-
mittee present in Synod for their not attending, were sustained.
The committee of overtures also reported a petition from several elders and
members of the Presbyterian Church in Nola Chuckey, setting forth that they
■were in distressed circumstances, principally on account of some irregular pro-
ceedings of the Presbytery of Abingdon, and requesting the interposition of
the Synod in the premises. Upon inquiring into the nature of the uneasiness
subsisting in the churches there, as referred to in the petition, and confirmed
by the minutes of last Synod, it appeared that the Presbytery of Abingdon
was charged with having taken upon trial, and licensed, Mr. James Balch^
under improper circumstances, and particularly while under suspension by
Orange Presbytery; that some members of Abingdon Presbytery were also
charged with having countenanced certain violent proceedings of a tumultuous
mob, contrary to the ministerial and Christian character, and that several other
irregularities in that district occasioned an interruption of the peace of the
churches.
The Synod, upon a full and careful investigation of the subject, resolved,
that the said James Balch, having been restored to the communion of the
church by the Presbytery of Hanover, after a period of several years, upon a
certificate exhibited to them from the Presbytery of Orange, became a proper
candidate for presbyterial trials, and at his licensure, the Presbytery, then met
according to adjournment, was competent to that business, and that, therefore,
the proceedings of the Presbytery be sustained. With regard to the other
subjects of diflerence existing within these bounds, inasmuch as several of the
parties concerned were present, it was resolved, that Drs. Witherspoon, Rod-
gers, Sproat, Ewing, Dutfield, McWhorter, and Messrs. Vangelder, Snowden,
and Taggart, elders, should be a committee to meet in the afternoon, to en-
deavour to bring the aforesaid parties to an amicable compromise, and to lay
the foundation, if possible, to prevent all disputes on the subjects alleged in
future ; and that the said committee make report to Synod on the result of
their endeavours.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three oWoch. P. 31. Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post preces
sederunt qui snpra.
The committee appointed to review the Presbytery book of New York
made report, and the book was approved to the one hundred and sixteenth
page.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
26 May^ 1787. Synod met according to adjournment. ZJhi post preces
seder-unt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Latta, Watt, Scrapie, and Mitchell.)
The committee appointed yesterday to converse with the brethren of Abing-
don Presbytery, who were present, and to endeavour to accommodate the
1787.] NEAV YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 537
matters of uneasiness among them, met agreeably to order, and report as fol-
lows :
" That they heard the Abingdon brethren more fully than they had been
hoard before Synod, and find one source of uneasiness in addition to what
had been mentioned in their country, and among themselves, was about psalm-
ody; and the committee, after hearing them fully, .recommended to those
brethren, in a spirit of Christian love, to forgive one another, and bury in ob-
livion all that had passed ; and they readily and cheerfully cduiplicd with the
recommendation, and in evidence of their peace and amity took each other by
the right hand ; and they promised forbearance towards each other in those
matters wherein they had differed in judgment, and to encourage, strengthen,
and support each other, in advancing the common cause of their Divine Re-
deemer. It gave your committee the highest pleasure to see these differences
and dissensions terminated in so happy an issue, and they doubt not it will
have a salutary influence upon the peace of the Church in those parts ; and
in order to accomplish this desirable end, that there may be peace and bro-
therly love among the people as well as the ministers, your committee pro-
pose the following resolutions, which the Synod adopted, and resolved accord-
ingly :
" 1st. That in respect to political differences in that part of the country
which occasioned a mob or riot, the Synod highly disapprove of, and condemn
all such tumultuous and riotous proceedings ; but as it appears by a paper
signed by a number who acknowledge themselves the authors of the tumult,
and also from the testimony of Colonel Cook, that Mr. Balch had no hand in
that affair, and that he did take some pains to restrain those unluippy proceed-
ings from going so far as they did, therefore, all things considered, we do not
think him blamable in that matter.
" 2d. In respect to the psalmody ; the Synod have allowed the use of the
imitation of the Psalms of David for many years, to such congregations as
choose them, and still allow of the same, but they are far from disapproving of
Rouse's version, commonly called the Old Psalms, in those who were in the
use of them and chose them, but are of opinion that either may be used by the
churches, as each congregation may judge most for their peace and edification,
and therefore highly disapprove of public, severe, arid unchristian censures
being passed upon either of the systems of psalmody, and recommend it to all
ministers in those parts of the Church, to be more tender and charitable on
these heads. , . .
" 3d. In regard to the Presbytery's excluding two elders from sitting in the
judicature at a certain time, the Synod are of opinion, that the Presbytery had
some support for so doing from common custom and usage, but that there was
too scrupulous an exactness attended to in that matter, and hope that such
events will be guarded against in future.
"4th. In respect to the letter addressed to Mr. Balch, through tlie medium
of the press, and supposed to be written by the Rev. William Graham, of
Rockbridge county, Virginia, the Synod look upon the same as very unchris-
tian and unwarrantable'treatment of a brother ; and the Synod do order the
Presbytery of Lexington to cite 3Ir. Graham before them, and make due in-
quiry whether he be the author, and into the reasons of his conduct in that
matter, and censure or acquit him as the nature of the case may appear ; and
report their proceedings heroin to the next Synod. _ /. » , .
"Ordered. That the whole of the proceedings had upon the affairs of Abing-
don Preslwtery, both at last Synod and at the present sessions, be inserted m
the Presbytery book of Abingdon, and that the ministers of that Presbytery
read them from their pulpits."
68
538
MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF
[1787.
Agreed to postpone the further consideratioa of the draught until Monday
morning.
The committee appointed to review the Presbytery book of South Carolina
made report, and the book was approved to the thirtieth page.
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Abingdon
made report, and the book was approved to the session held March 27th, 1787,
inclusive.
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of New Castle
made report, and the book was approved from the session held April 2od,
1782, to the session held August loth, 1782, inclusive.
The committee appointed to examine the Baltimore Presbytery book made
report, and the book was approved to the eighty-first page.
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Philadelphia
made report, and the book was approved to page fiftieth.
Mr. Doak obtained leave to go home.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three dchck, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post
preces sederunt qui supra.
The account of Mr. Robert Aitken for Bibles was given in to the Synod, and
it appearing that there was a balance due to him of eight pounds, ten shillings,
and seven pence, Synod ordered their treasurer, the E,ev. Dr. John Wither-
spoon, to pay said balance.
The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Dutchess
county reported, and the book was approved to the one hundred and tenth
page.
The committee appointed to receive the collections made by Presbyteries
made report, that they received —
From Dutchess county Presbytery,
New York ''
New Bruuswick " -
Philadelphia, "
New Castle " -
Lewes "
Carlisle « -
Baltimore "
Redstone " -
Lexington "
Hanover '^ -
South Carolina "
Orange " -
Abingdon "
Total sum, £173 2 2
The Synod ordered a list of all the congregations to be printed, which have
made collections, specifying the collections made by each of them.
The Synod considering that it will be necessary to print sevei'al pieces for
the consideration of the churches, which are of the highest importance to
them, agreed to appoint a collection to be made in all the congregations under
their care, and do hereby order the respective Presbyteries to take order that
this be put duly in execution, and to bring up their collections to next Synod.
Mr. Armstrong was added to the committee for preparing selections from the
minutes, to be printed.
£0
19
7
- 24
14
2
27
6
6
- 21
4
3
14
6
6
o
- O
10
0
20
15
1
- 16
16
10
1
12
6
- 15
6
7
18
19
3
0
0
0
7
10
11
0
0
0
1787.] NEW YORK AND nilLADELPIIIA. 539
The following was brought iu by the committee of overtures :
" The Creator of the world having made of one flesh all the children of men,
it becomes them as members of the same fomily, to consult and promote each
other's hapj^iness. It is more especially the duty of those who maintain the
rights of humanity, and who acknowledge and teach the obligations of Chris-
tianity, to use such means as are in their power to extend the blessings of equal
freedom to every part of the human race.
" From a full conviction of these truths, and sensible that the rights of
human nature are too well understood to admit of debate, Overtured, that the
Synod of New York and Philadelphia recommend, iu the warmest terms, to
every member of their body, and to all the churches and families under their
care, to do every thing in their power consistent with the rights of civil society,
to promote the abolition of slavery, and the instruction of negroes, whether boud
or free."
The consideration of the above overture was postponed until Monday, the
28th, at eleven o'clock, A. M.
The committee appointed to settle the accounts of Dr. Witherspoon, the
treasurer of the Synod, made report, that Dr. Witherspoon has not his vouchers
on the spot, but is ready at any time to settle his accounts. The Synod finding
it will be more convenient to have a treasurer living where Synod usually
meets, appointed Isaac Snowden, Esquire, treasurer; and appointed him to set-
tle with their late treasurer.
Drs. Smith, McWhorter, and Duffield, Messrs. Powers, Casson, Kerr, Simp-
son, John B. Smith, Templeton, and Balch, were appointed a committee to
make arrangements to divide this Synod into three.
Adjourned till nine o'clock, on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer.
2Sth May, 1787. Synod met according to adjournment. Uli j^ost preces
sederunt qui supra,
(Except Messrs. Read, Smith, King, and ]\IcKnight.)
Agreeably to the order of the day, the Synod proceeded to the further con-
sideration of the draught of a plan of government and discipline.
The affair of representation from vacant congregations was now resumed, and
after considerable time spent thereon, the question was put, Shall it stand as ia
the draught ? and was carried in the affirmative.
The Synod having gone through the consideration of the draught of a plan
of government and discipline. Dr. Rodgers, Dr. McWhorter, Mr. 3Iiller, and
Mr. Wilson, junior, were appointed a committee to have a thousand copies
thereof printed as now amended, and to distribute them among the Presby-
teries for their consideration, and the consideration of the churches under their
care.
The Synod took into consideration the last paragraph of the twentieth chapter
of the Westminster Confession of Faith; the third paragraph of the twenty-
third chapter ; and the first paragraph of the thirty-first chapter; and having
made some alterations, agreed that the said paragraphs, as now altered, be
printed for consideration, together with the draught of a plan of gnverumcnt
and discipline. The Synod also appointed the above named committee to revise
the Westminster Directory for public worship, and to have it when thus revised,
printed, together with the draught, for consideration. And the Synod agreed,
that when the above proposed alterations in the Confession of Faith shall have
been finally determined on by the body, and the Directory shall have been re-
vised as above directed, and adopted by the Synod, the said Confession thus
altered, and Directory thus revised and adopted, shall be styled, "The Coufcs-
540 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1787.
sion of Faith, and Directory for public worship, of the Presbyterian Church in
the United States of America."
It was agreed to reconsider the two votes passed last Saturday afternoon, the
one ordering the list of the congregations which have made collections to be
printed, and the other ordering new collections to be raised this year, and they
were both reversed.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
Three o^ clock, P. M. Synod met according to adjournment, tbi post preces
sederunt qui supra.
(Except Messrs. Balch and Irwin.)
Mr. Matthew Tate, a probationer, under the care of New Castle Presbytery,
having an intention to take a journey through the southern states, and to be a
considerable time absent, requested, that if it be consistent with the rules of this
Synod, he may be allowed to be taken upon trials for ordination in the Presby-
tery to which he belongs, and ordained before he sets out. The Synod remitted
the affair to the Presbytery of New Castle, with liberty to said Presbytery to do
therein as they shall see cause.
The Synod taking into consideration the overture concerning slavery, trang-
mitted by the committee of overtures last Saturday, came to the following judg-
ment :
" The Synod of New York and Philadelphia do highly approve of the
general principles in fiivour of universal liberty, that prevail in America, and
the interest which many of the states have taken in promoting the abolition of
slavery ; yet, inasmuch as men introduced from a servile state to a partici-
pation of all the privileges of civil society, without a proper education, and
without previous habits of industry, may be, in many respects, dangerous to the
community, therefore they earnestly recommend it to all the members belong-
ing to their communion, to give those persons who are at present held iu
servitude, such good education as to prepare them for the better enjoyment of
freedom ; and they moreover recommend that masters, wherever they find
servants disposed to make a just improvement of the privilege, would give them
2t. pecuUum, or grant them suificient time and sufficient means of procuring
their own liberty at a moderate rate, that thereby, they may be brought into
society with those habits of industry that may render them useful citizens ;
and, finally, they recommend it to all their people to use the most prudent
measures, consistent with the interest and the state of civil society, in the
counties where they live, to procure eventually the final abolition of slavery in
America."
Whereas, the doctrine of universal salvation and of the finite duration of hell
torments, has been propagated by sundry persons who live in the United States
of America, and the people under our care may possibly, from their occasional
conversation with the propagators of such a dangerous opinion, be infected by
the doctrine, the Synod take this opportunity to declare their utter abhorrence
of such doctrines as they apprehend to be subversive of the fundamental princi-
ples of religion and morality, and therefore earnestly recommend it to all their
Presbyteries and members to be watchful upon this subject, and to guard against
the introduction of such tenets amongst our people.
The committee appointed to arrange this Synod into three, made report,
and after considering their report, the Synod agreed that the arrangement of
the Presbyteries under four Synods should, for the present, remain as deter-
mined last year.
Upon application from the Presbytery of New York, Mr. Warford and Mr.
1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 54I
Condit, were appointed by Synod to visit the vacancies in tlie bounds of that
Presbytery.
Resolved, that the division of the Synod be postponed until next year, and
that the Synod be then divided.
The committee appointed to meet committees from the Reformed Dutch Sy-
nod and the Associate Synod made report, and delivered the minutes of the
convention of the committees of the three Synods which met in New York last
fall, which were read.
Ordered, That the treasurer pay the sexton six pounds and two pence, for
bis attendance and other expenses.
Synod was sorry to observe that so many members had withdrawn without
leave.
Adjourned till the third Wednesday of next May, to meet in the First
Presbyterian Church in this city at eleven o'clock, A. M. Concluded with
prayer.
1788.
Philadelphia, May 2\st, 1788. Eleven o'clock, A. M.
The Synod of New l^'ork and Philadelphia met, according to adjournment, in
the First Presbyterian church. Uhi jwst preces sederunt
Of Suffolk Presbytery ; The Rev. Mr. Nathan Woodhull.
Of New Y'ork Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John llodgers, and Rev. Messrs.
Jedidiah Chapman, and John McDonald.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Woodhull, James
F. Armstrong, William Boyd, and Walter Monteith.
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. James Sproat, George Duffield,
and John Ewing, and Rev. Messrs. Francis Peppard, Samuel Blair, James
Boyd, William Mackey Tennent, Nathaniel Irwin, Andrew Hunter, and Ashbcl
Green.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Anderson, John Bur-
ton, and Nathan Grier.
Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. William McKee.
Of Carlisle Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Charles Nesbit, and Rev. Messrs.
James Martin, Robert Cooper, John Craighead, and John McKnight.
Of South Carolina Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. Robert Finley.
Elders : Mr. Eliphalet Chichester, Mr. Peter Ricker, Mr. David Foreman,
Isaac Snowden, Esquire, Mr. Ferguson Mcllvaine, Mr. Joseph McClane, Mr.
Hugh McCuUoch, Mr. Alexander Fullerton, and Mr. Hugh Barclay.
Absent — Of Suffolk Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Buel, Noah
Westmore, Samson Occum, Benjamin Goldsmith, David Rose, Elam Potter,
Joshua Hart, and Joshua Williams.
Of Dutchess County Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Solomon
Mead, Wheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis, Samuel Mills, Blackleach Burret, Joha
Davenport.
Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Timothy Jones, and Rev. IMessrs.
Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmer, Hugh Knox, D. D., Abner lirusli, Bcnjamia
Woodruff, Alexander McWhorter, D. D., Azol Roe, Nathan Kerr, Jolin Clo.sc,
.Alexander Miller, William Woodhull, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William Schenck,
John Warford, John Joline, Andrew King, James (ilassbrook.
Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Withcrsponn, and Rev.
Messrs. Israel Read, John Hanna, Thomas Smith, Samuel S. Smith, D. D., Philip
Stockton, Joseph Rue, Joseph Clark, Peter Wilson, and James Muir.
542 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1788.
Of Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, James Watt,
and George Faitout.
Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Robert Smith, and Rev. Messrs.
William McKennan, Colin McFarquhar, James Latta, John I\IcCreary, Alex-
ander Mitchel, Thomas Read, Thomas Smith, Daniel Jones, William R. Smith,
Nathaniel W. Semple, James Munroe, and John E. Finley.
Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr John Miller, Rev. Dr. Matthew Wil-
son, and Rev. Messrs. Jacob Kerr, John Rankin and Samuel McMasters.
Of Baltimore Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. James Hunt,
John Slemmons, Patrick Alison, D. D., Isaac S. Keith, Stephen Balch, and
George Luckey.
Of Carlisle Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Elder, John Hoge, Hugh
McGill, Robert McMordie, James Lang, John King, Hugh Vance, Thomas
McFerrin, Robert Davidson, D. D., John Black, Samuel Dougal, John Lynn,
Samuel Waugh, David Beai-d, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Steven, James
Johnston, and John Johnston.
Of Redstone Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. James Finley,
John Clarke, Joseph Smith, John McMillan, James Power, Thaddeus Dod,
James Dunlap, and Samuel Barr.
Of Lexington Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. 3Iessrs. John Brown,
William Graham, James McConnel, Archibald Scott, Edward Crawford, John
Montgomery, Benjamin Erwin, William Wilson, Moses Hoge, and John McCue.
Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd,
James Waddel, William Irvine, John Blair Smith, James Mitchel, and John
D. Blair.
Of Orange Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Henry Patillo,
David Caldwell, Samuel McCorkle, James Hall, Robert Archibald, James Me-
Kee, David Barr, Jacob Leake, and Daniel Thatcher.
Of Abingdon Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Charles Cum-
mings, Hezekiah Balch, John Cosson, Samuel Doak, and Samuel Huston.
Of South Carolina Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Edmonds, John
Harris, Joseph Alexander, John Simpson, Thomas Reese, Thomas H. McCall,
James Templeton, Francis Cummings, Robert Hall, and Robert Mecklin.
Of Transylvania Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. David Rice,
Thomas Craighead, Adam Rankin, Andrew McClure, and James Crawford.
The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. Chapman, the last year's moderator,
with a sermon from Ephesians iv. 3, 4.
Mr. John WoodhuU was chosen moderator, Mr. Armstrong was chosen clerk,
aud Mr. McDonald assistant clerk.
Messrs. Nathan Woodhull, Chapman, Monteith, Greene, Burton, McKee,
Craighead, and Robert Finley, ministers, with Messrs. Reikhart, Snowden, Ful-
lerton, Mcllvaine, and IMcCulloch, elders, were appointed a committee of over-
tures, to meet here to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, and afterwards on their
own adjournments.
Ordered, That the several Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow morn-
ing in writing ; and also a list of their members and of the probationers and
congregations under their care, agreeably to the order of last year.
Mr. Mitchell is now come ; his reasons for not attending sooner, were sus-
tained.
The committee formerly appointed to revise the Synod book, and have it
bound new, and to insert the index and selections, not having 3'et accomplished
that business, were continued, and ordered to carry it into execution.
Testimonials of Mr. Marcus George, a probationer from the Presbytery of
Londonderry, in Ireland, accompanied with such corroborating evidence as is
iu such cases required by Synod, were laid before the Synod and approved,
1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 543
and leave was given to Mr. George to put liiniself under the care of any Pres-
bytery he may choose in the bounds of the Synod.
Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'tdock. Concluded with prayer.
Thursday, May 22c?. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Rue and Dr. McWhorter were now come ; their reasons for not attending
sooner, were sustained.
Suffolk Presbytery reported, that they have ordained ]\Ir. Thomas llussel to
the work of the gospel ministry, and to the pastoral charge of Westhainpton ;
that they have ordained Mr. Wait Cornwell, sine titulo ; have licensed Jlr. Asa
Hillyer to preach the gospel; and received the Rev. Mr. Aaron Woolworth,
ordained by a council ; that they have dismissed the Rev. Joshua Hart IVom the
pastoral charge of Smithtown; and that the Rev. Mr. James Brown was
removed by death. May 9th, 1788.
New York Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained Mr.
Lemuel Fordham to the work of the gospel ministry, in a regular charge; that
they have dismissed Mr. James Wilson, sen., in order to his settleuient at
Wilton, in South Carolina; and also Mr. James Wilson, jun., in consequence
of his having accepted a call from a congregation in Charleston, South Carolina;
that they have received Mr. John Warford from the New Brunswick Presby-
tery ; and that Mr. James Thompson has withdrawn himself from them, and
returned to Britain ; and that Mr. John Moffat departed this life on the 22d of
last April.
New Brunswick Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained
Mr. Ira Coudict to the work of the gospel ministry, and in the pastoral charge
of the congregations of Newton and Hardwick ; and have also ordained Mr. Asa
Dunham to the work of the gospel ministry, in the pastoral charge of the con-
gregations of Oxford and Mount Bethel; that they have dismissed jMr. .John
Warford to join the Presbytery of New York ; and that Mr. John Guild and
Mr. Samuel Kennedy have departed this life since our last ; the former ou the
tenth of last July. Mr. Condict being present took his seat in Synod.
Philadelphia Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, dismissed
Mr. John Johnson, to join Carlisle Presbytery, and Mr, William 3IcKee to
join Lewes Presbytery ; and also Mr. James Snodgrass, a probationer under
their care, to put himself under the care of Carlisle Prcsliytery, in consequence
of his having accepted a call to a congregation within their bounds; and that
they have deposed Mr. William Pickles from the ministerial office.
New Castle Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained Mr.
Nathan Grier to the work of the gospel ministry, in Brandywine congregation,
and have dismissed Mr. Matthew Tate, a probationer, to join such Presbytery
as he may choose. Mr. Grier being present took his seat in Synod. _
Carlisle Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained to the
work of the gospel ministry, Mr. Samuel Wilson, in the pastoral charge of Big
Spring congregation, and 3Ir. Hugh Morrison, in the pastoral charge of Sun-
bury,"Northumberland-town and Buffalo Valley; and have received Mr. Jarac3
Snodgrass, from Philadelphia Presbytery, and ordained him to the work of the
gospel ministry, in the pastoral charge of Hanover congregation, and tliat they
have to lay before Synod the testimonials of 3Ir. Josepli Caldwell, a probationer
from the Presbytery of Root, in the kingdom of Ireland.
]Mr. John D. ]31air and Mr. Warford are now come ; their reasons for not
attending sooner were sustained.
Mr. Cooper and Mr. Craighead were appointed a committee to examine the
544 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1788.
Presbytery book of New Brunswick, and Dr. Rodgers and Mr. William Boyd
to examine Philadelphia Presbytery book.
Ordered, That Dr. McWhorter, Dr. Duffield, Mr. Armstrong, Mr. McKnight,
Mr. Finley, and Isaac Snowden, Esq., be a committee to select such parts of
the minutes of the last and present sessions of Synod, as they may judge will
be of general advantage to the church, and also to prepare a list of the minis-
ters, probationers, and congregations belonging to the Synod ; distinguishing
those congregations that have made collections, and specifying the sum raised
by each, for the purpose of printing the draught of the form of government,
&c., and for defraying other synodical expenses, and to report the whole, pre-
pared for printing, to the Synod, fur their concurrence, on Saturday morning.
The committee appointed to meet the Presbytery of Suffolk, on the subject
of their letter, signifying a desire to withdraw from the Synod, reported that
they met the Presbytery at the time and place fixed on by the Synod, and con-
versed the subject over with them, with the greatest freedom, candour, and
amity, and that in consequence of said free and amicable conference, the Pres-
bytery agreed to withdraw their request, as may more fully appear by the fol-
lowing minute of said Presbytery, viz :
'' The Presbytery of Suffolk met at Brook Haven, April 8th, 1788, according
to appointment ; entered upon the consideration of the petition sent to the
Eeverend Synod of New York and Philadelphia, at their last sessions, requesting
a dismission from their body ; and, after deliberating on it, came to the follow-
ing conclusion, viz., to withdraw the petition. And appointed the Rev. Messrs.
Noah Wetmore and Nathan WoodhuU, to attend the Reverend Synod at their
next meeting at Philadelphia, and present this minute to the moderator of Synod,
and transact any other business as may be found necessary by them as the
representatives of this Presbytery. A true copy of the minute of Presbytery.
" Attested by David Rose, Clerk."
Ordered, That the appointment of the present treasurer to settle the accounts
of the late treasurer be continued, and that he make report to Synod.
Mr. Warford has not complied with the order of last Synod, appointing him,
at the request of New York Presbytery, to supply the vacancies within their
bounds. Mr. Condict was prevented by want of health.
A petition from the Rev. Dr. Wilson, detained from Synod through bodily
indisposition, respecting the draught of the form of government, &c., was pre-
sented and read. Ordered, that it lie on the table.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
22(f day^ three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
The Presbytery of Carlisle laid before Synod the testimonials of Mr. Jo-
seph Caldwell, a probationer from the Presbytery of Root, in the kingdom
of Ireland, accompanied with the corroborating evidence required by Synod,
which were approved, and the Presbytery were allowed to take him under their
care.
Mr. Glassbrook is now come ; his reasons for not attending sooner were
sustained.
Memorials from some members of Orangedale congregation, of New York
Presbytery; from the united congregations of Slate Ridge, and Chauceford con-
gregations, of Baltimore Presbytery; and from New Providence congregation,
of Orange Presbytery, respecting the draught of the form of government, &c.,
were brought in and read, and ordered to lie on the table.
Testimonials of Mr. Edward Conn, a probationer from the Presbytery of
Temple Patrick, in Ireland, accompanied by such corroborating evidence as is
required by Synod, were laid before Synod, by the Presbytery of Baltimore,
1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 545
and were deemed satisfactory, but as Mr. Conn was not present, the Synod
refer him to that Presbytery, and allow them to receive him, as a probationer
under their care, if, after free conversation with him, they shall find their wav
clear. ''
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
23(Z dai/, {Friday,) nine o'docJc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Samuel Stanhope Smith, Mr. Thomas Read, Mr. Jacob
Kerr, Mr. Templeton, and Dr. Scott, Mr. Monteith's elder, are now come; their
reasons for not attending sooner were sustained.
Agreeably to the order of the day. Synod proceeded to the consideration of a
draught of the form of government and discipline of the Presbyterian Church
in the United States of America, and having made considerable pro<--ress
therein, °
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
23(7 (%, three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui sup>ra.
Mr. Templeton was added to the committee appointed to select and prepare
for printing, &c.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught of the form of government,
&c., and went through several sections.
Mr. Nathan Grier and his elder had leave to go home.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
24if7i day, (Saturday,) nine o'clock, A. 31. Post preces sedemnt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught, and made considerable
progress.
Adjourned till nine o'clock on Monday. Concluded with prayer.
2G/7i day, nine o'clock, A. M. Post j^reces sederunt qui supra.
A petition from the inhabitants of Norfolk in Virginia, of the Presbyterian
persuasion, was presented and read, praying the Synod to take them under their
care, and to appoint a minister of their body to supply them for one year, for
which they promise to i^ay him one hundred and thirty pounds, specie, Vir-
ginia currency, to defray the necessary expenses of his journey, and to make
every thing as agreeable to him as their circumstances will admit. In answer
to which the Synod order Dr. Witherspoon to recommend to 3Ir. Muir, a mem-
ber of New Brunswick Presbytery, to repair to Norfolk as soon as convenient,
and to supply that people agreeably to their request.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught ; and made considerable
progress.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
2G//i day, three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
An appeal from a judgment of Philadelphia Presbytery, by 3Ir. Samuel
Blair, was brought in. Ordered, that it be taken into consideration at nine
o'clock to-morrow morning.
Ordered, To proceed in the consideration of the draught ; and ahso of the
proposed amendments of the Confession of Faith, and having finished the
same,
Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer.
GO
546 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1788.
27/^ day^ Tuesday, nine o^ clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Martin obtained leave to go liome.
Agreeably to the order for the day, the Synod proceeded to consider Mr.
Blair's appeal from a judgment of Philadelphia Presbytery, by which he con-
ceives himself aggrieved, and prays that it may be rescinded or erased from the
records, and after some debate on the subject,
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
'21 til day, three o^ clock, P. M. Post ptreces sederunt qui supra.
The Synod resumed the consideration of Mr. Blair's appeal and request, and
after a full and free deliberation on the subject, the question was put, '< erase
or not," and was carried in the negative by a large majority. And on further
consideration of the subject, it was moved and seconded, and on the question
being put was carried in the affirmative, and ordered, that the following resolu-
tion be entered on the register of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, viz :
'' Though the Synod highly commend the zeal discovered by the Presbytery
of Philadelphia for the preservation of the truth ; yet, on considering the whole
affair, they cannot approve of the form of their proceedings, which are irregu-
lar, both in making inquiry by private conversation in their Presbyterial capa-
city, and also in putting proceedings of that nature on record, and therefore
remit to the Presbytery to cosiimence a regular process if they shall find
ground for it, and recommend it to Mr. Blair to give every reasonable
satisfectiou to his brethren, and not to injure his character by unnecessary
reserve."
Dr. Scott obtained leave to go home.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
28<7i day, Wednesday, nine o^clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Mr. Peppard obtained leave to go home.
The Synod having fully considered the draught of the form of government
and discipline, did, on a review of the whole, and hereby do ratify and adopt
the same, as now altered and amended, as the Constitution of the Presbyterian
Church in America, and order the same to be considered and strictly observed
as the rule of their proceedings, by all the inferior judicatories belonging to the
body. And they order that a correct copy be printed, and that the Westmins-
ter Confession of Faith, as now altered, be printed in full along with it, as
making a part of the constitution.
Resolved, That the true intent and meaning of the above ratification by the
Synod, is, that the Form of Grovernment and Discipline and the Confession of
Faith, as now ratified, is to continue to be our constitution and the confession
of our faith and practice unalterable, unless two thirds of the Presbyteries un-
der the care of the General Assembly shall propose alterations or amendments,
and such alterations or amendments shall be agreed to and enacted by the Gen-
eral Assembly.
Mr. Nathan Woodhull and his elder obtained leave to go home.
Ordered, To enter on the consideration of the draught of a directory for the
worship of God, reported by the committee appointed for that purpose the last
year, and made some progress.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
28?7i day, three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed in considering the draught of a directory, and made con-
eiderable progress.
Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer.
1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 547
2%th day, Thursday, nine dchch, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
(Except Mr. Monteitli, who has gone home without leave.)
Ordered, To proceed iu consideriug the draught of the directory, and made
considerable progress.
Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Smith, and the moderator, were appointed a committee
to revise the chapter of the draught of the directory, respecting the mode of
inflicting church censures, and to lay it, as by them revised, before the General
Assembly at their first meeting, to be by them considered and finally enacted.
Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer.
29/7i day, three o'cloclc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra.
Ordered, To proceed to the further consideration of the draught of the
directory.
The Synod appointed Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Smith, and the moderator, a com-
mittee to revise that part of the draught which respects public prayer, and
prayers to be used on other occasions, and to prepare it for printing with the
constitution.
The Synod having now revised and corrected the draught of a directory for
worship, did approve and ratify the same, and do hereby appoint the said
directory, as now amended, to be the directory for the worship of God in the
Presbyterian Church in the United States of America. They also took into
consideration the Westminster Larger and Shorter Catechisms, and having
made a small amendment of the larger, did approve, and do hereby approve and
ratify the said Catechisms, as now agreed on, as the Catechisms of the Presljy-
terian Church in the said United States. And the Synod order, that the said
Directory and Catechisms be printed and bound up in the same volume with
the Confession of Faith and the Form of Government and Discipline, and that
the whole be considered as the standard of our doctrine, government, discipline,
and worship, agreeably to the resolutions of the Synod at their present sessions.
Ordered, That Dr. DuSield, Mr. Armstrong, and Mr. Green, be a committee
to superintend the printing and publisliing the above said Confession of Faith
and Catechisms, with the Form of Government and Discipline, and the Directory
for the Worship of God, as now adopted and ratified by the Synod, as the Con-
stitution of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, and that
they divide the several parts into cliapters and sections properly numbered.
On motion resolved, that Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Smith, Messrs. John Wood-
hull, Armstrong, and Monteith, be appointed, and they are hereby appointed
delegates on behalf of this Synod, to meet in convention with delegates from
the Low Dutch Reformed Synod, and the Associate Reformed Synod, in the
city of New York on the first Thursday of next October.
The treasurer reported, that he has received from the members of Synod at
their present meeting, the sum of four pounds, two shillings and six pence.
Ordered, That the treasurer pay to the stated clerk the sum of six pounds for
transcribing the minutes of the last year and of this, and to the janitor for
his service in attending on Synod, and other expenses, three pounds fourteen
shillings.
Ordered, That the corporation of the widows' fund have leave to publish at
the back of the Constitution and Directory, the rules necessary for the informa-
tion of young miuisters who may become contributors to that institution. ^
Resolved unanimously, That this Synod be divided, and it is hereby divided
into four Synods, agreea])ly to an act made and provided for that purpose in
the sessions of Synod in the year one thousand seven huii'lred and cighty-six;
and that this division shall commence on the di.ssolutiou of the present Synod.
548 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF, &c. [1788.
Resolved, That the first meeting of the General Assembly, to be constituted
out of the above said four Synods, be held, and it is hereby appr.'nted to be
held on the third Thursday of May, one thousand seven hundred and eighty-
nine, in the Second Presbyterian church in the city of Philadelphia, at eleven
o'clock, A. M., and that Dr. Witherspoon, or in his absence, Dr. Rodgers, open
the General Assembly with a sermon, and preside till a moderator be chosen.
Resolved, That the Synod of New York and New Jersey meet on Wednesday
the twenty-ninth day of next October, in the First Presbyterian church in the
city of New York, at three o'clock, P. M. and that the present moderator, or
in his absence the senior minister present, open the Synod with a sermon, and
preside till a moderator be chosen.
Resolved, That the Synod of Philadelphia meet on the third Wednesday of
October next, in the First Presbyterian church in the city of Philadelphia, at
eleven o'clock, A. M., and that Dr. Ewing, or in his absence the senior min-
ister present, open the Synod with a sermon, and preside till a moderator be
chosen.
Resolved, That the Synod of Virginia meet on the fourth Wednesday of
October next, at eleven o'clock, A. M. at New Providence church, and that
Mr. Zanchy, or in his absence, the senior minister present open the Synod with
a sermon, and preside till a moderator be chosen.
Resolved, That the Synod of the Carolinas meet on the first Wednesday of
November next, at eleven o'clock, A. M. at Centre Church, in Roan county,
and that Mr. Patillo, or in his absence, the senior minister present, open the
Synod with a sermon, and preside till a moderator be chosen.
The Synod was then dissolved. Concluded with prayer.
POSTSCRIPT.
The editor feels it to be a matter of justice to himself to remark, that with
all the care he could exercise, an entire uniformity in the spelling of proper
names could not be preserved. The minutes were written by various hands,
and contain a much greater variation in this respect than is observable in the
copy here presented. The manuscript was oftentimes very difiicult to be
deciphered, and yet it is to be hoped that no material error has occurred in
passing the work through the press. W. M. E.
THE END.
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