Aa ARS ANT i a ya) HVA oy ie viet it i eK 4 Mi BAA 12d) AS een) OHA CAH ND wih! Pat hrs AIAN? i ENF REN Mev ane! eh CHAE a ye Pag Tt WiSaAtk) Ae aly ae areal yo tat ML a yay, RAS ILARN il ity) | ee ‘ee iM a hntyMianlete i KM bay Hy 1 a Ar ett it elt 9,7 pay ati ihe Nua tel ahi! ‘ie iat tO Hh Hy ] De ape rat tnt ae Pelhenane 0 FE HO ENA rid, Leo vy rth i) ee RU 5 ; vit m4 ed | fey cH OCA | Mn “= = tS Ps ith al vad | , wh HAN) 9, » el } a feb set nile ana) un ‘i i eS x = =. Ht “ KM) tat baw Puna eth ty ae oY CL) DUAN MN ate PA nh or ‘eee cm ‘ 2 ‘< Cae Hi) i ity ih i} Piya’ tye py “in in , AN 4 Uti ai} vine as rors Be =5 et xe aoe =tssete =e bg i a Se == > T- x es ies SSS > % i! x PEN IC) f wey Wl } iy I i} 4 (i iH SMU al raepiate Sa See a ee —— : = oe ye oy ~ es SS Library of The Theological Seminary PRINCETON +: NEW JERSEY CS) Purchased on the Green Fund 1879 >. he Se ‘ wr et ee i 4 : i + 7 x aa? Je Pag” ia 7 a 7. ‘& THE HITOPADESHA: A COLLECTION OF Fables and Cales in Sansrrtt VISHNUSARMA. WITH THE BENGALI AND THE ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS REVISED. EDITED BY LAKSHAML NARAYAN NYALANKAR. Calcutta: PRINTED AT THE SHASTRA PRAKASHA PRESS, SOBHX BAZAR STREET. 1830. mkt: annen ¢ a0 gale Ou a wes, Awaeeoenen ig _ = ‘ : i i. : « < a « =. jm a _ + aS sy fj #4 ~ . 7 > - “ r 2 a : . ee. ie a a aie 4 AnT ave el wigan Vai. te G57UGE . ghee he YEN BEL IME 4 rt) Teves KABhe LawgR gees ambacea Are aur Bh OBE. ; qaraseia Ramage: fazara ear faze aaaqaatfaa: fedrata: — fra FETA RPMATAT TSTUAT UATATA Taq WAM AMAT ATE wfearatcary SO QDoi—— WAATE Your FAT et wy HB State tats feroreey Saririatad utatastey se Tentes esq sastel qetascy *taelatet atacy TiS eoey ae AT 9 wifey Ee Sr WD EN Pus. © Page ee CHAP. L THe ACQUISITION OF A FRIEND, Fasuel. The story of the pigeons, the crow, the . mouse, the tortoise, and the deer 21 II. The traveller and the tiger If. The deer, the jackal, and the crow — 55 IV. The blind vulture, the cat, and the birds 57 V. The history of Hiranyaka the mouse 93 . VI. The old man and his young wife — 9 VU. The huntsmapn, the decr, the boar, the ser- pent, and the jackal — ,119 VIIL The rajah’s son and the merchant’s wife 139 ~ IX. The jackal and the elephant —— 143 CHAP. II. Tue Separation or Favourite." 163 Fasue I. The story of’the bull, the two jackals and the lion 163 Il. The ape and the wedge — i77 Ili. The thief, the ass, and the dog —— 181 1V. The lion, the mouse, and the cat’ ——- 213 V. The poor woman and the bell 221 VI. The adventures of Kandarpakétu, compris- ~ | ing the story of the cow-keeper, the barber, \ and their wives; and the history.of the de- \.. * votee whose avarice occasioned the loss: of + allhis wealth —_————— 233 VIL. The farmer’s wife and her two gallants = 2.19 Wi. The crow, the golden chain, and the black. _ serpent 255 IX. The lion and the rabbit ——— — | 257 X The partridges and thesea —— 75 o— 19: CON TEN Ts. a 2 CHA P._ IIT. Page Or Disputine 299 Fastel. The history of the geese & the peacocks 301 II. The birds and the monkies ae 305 Ill. The ass dressed ina tiger’s skin ——- 309 Iv. The elephants and the rabbits §=—— 313 V. The goose and the crow ows | ae VI. The Varttaka and the crow 325 VII. The wheelwright and his wife —— 327 VITE, The blue jackal — 349 IX. The man who sacrificed his own son — 373 X. The barber who killed a beggar 387 CHAP. IV. Or Maxine Peace. 415 Fase I. Continuation of the history of the geese and the peacocks ——— -——-— AI7 If. The tortoise and the two geese —— 419 ill. The three fish — 421 1V. .The merchant and his artful wife —— ib V. The boobies and weasel — 427 VI. The mouse and the hermit —. 433 VII, The booby and the crab ———~ —— 437 Vit. The Brahman who brake the pots & pans 441 iX. The two giants —_ — X. The Brahman and his goat —— — ‘6 XT. The camel, the crow, the tiger, and the — - jackal = -— 467 XIT. The old serpent and the frogs —— — 475 XII. The Brahman and his weasel —— -. 493 UMA Az: |] ww Ie Naa fearaa: {I fafa qa ware sara ye? | sTRTWRaT Safe ai: TAT Il eee yafeaenrey ued enatiasr | aTal waz (Safa Aafeat cera eee Seow states frsfaates tafe ete: oitdataet meatal sfarwey 1 atedta cHacaaty arty “PaeM Atala ABTS AR ot Pera APRS migcatceatecta ates sal fam SBE ese e& fecotriomt Sf a seTENs a15SI ; Babine fafoawie Aifetenn ce AY the completion, through the mercy of M biurjati, on whose head is planted a crescent among the frothy streamsof Jahnhavi, be forthe edifica- | tion af theworthy! | This work, entitled Hitopades, affordeth elegance in ‘the Sanskrit idioms, in every part variety of language, and inculcateth the doctrine of prudence and Policy. A g \) fearaSay: ti BATATAA qTafaaerts fare | zeta Tq HUT YHA wAATaed ll waxy faaa FAAS ARIAS ACATAAANY Ae Si) axaafa fade Tats at aica | waxfaa Zau ad wraaa: wt Ul fear catia fara faaaratfa wraata | cerareaaTar waigey aa ge faa wee araqg ¢ faa off aAal Sat eteare sae fedraifeen geri ARASE AHA S SATAY VSI Faas age ae fos); afacae ald FAST S CGC TESA WS SVT | qatoanetacee Lage AACA ACT FERNS ASA ED Fel aferoa afeatcer AGF faartariencs Raa ater Sfacs eitcan aa feats wepatte ata aeatra ey ey Ti Aly ax Ascarices faa ay BI CHS ATAKS THI HOLS Misaty AAA AEA, Ml TANS BETTS ALSATY ART ACH TTA eae fam Seqbstcs at rig fran) fae at FATS CHtsipwietty cAtATeLRRes 4a iE ARCS {| fearaSa: 0 a qaforty qaeRCS AY MTU STS facerasfarecgn @ safer ¢ stato <8 72 fool aferten fats eq fog aroi safan TalaEhwe Ves face = facta ntefary ASST STRAT u The Wise man should study the acquisition of science and riches, as if he were not subject to sickness and - death, but to the duties of religion he should attend, as if _ death had seized him by the hair. Of all things Knowledge is esteemed the most preci- ous treasure; because of its incapacity to be stolen, to be given away, or ever to be consumed. Knowledge introduceth a man to acquaintance; and, as the humble stream to the ocean, so doth it conduct him into the hard-acquired presence of the prince, whence for- tune floweth. Knowledge produceth humility; from humility procee- deth worthiness; from worthiness riches @re acquired’ from riches religion, and thence happiness, There are two species of Knowledge in use: —the knowledge of arms, and the knowledge of books. The first is ridiculous in old age, whilst the last is for ever honourable. 2 \ fearaem: tj Aaa AAA AA: SAAT HAA HATHA aaa Naaice waa ll PATA: BERS fae: afata a | Wedaraaleaeargere4r ay fawa || afer aratcatnt wefaqaara Sa aAt As Va AANA: FCAANATA ATTA wala @ wafatacr aah Waa Brags | WAT | AARUMATSLT GATT THA TQ STA NS TY NBAIVT G | alaa VATA TyMAfaa Ha TART a fa aT aATS || AAT ARSE FOritey WaT cy fos AMAT RAM ARGH HA AACS TACHA AIG A cy wits Satake 1 fagats s Yarwr s fate ¢ afe somgtains fete eoqetrS © Sta TyVVeS ateea ofan faa at Broce 1 ott} attiorarits tartar TT AE AIHA SACS CAAT APAT TRS Area ater ater ferry A geifs OF AAY SelAe Festa ctsay =a aly CAT DRT HF 6 AB MATT TWHig aq” qt \\ fearaea il u orefaacagy wis SHS AMG A TETAS OFM ateta atfe crs MA ATE Aiea s CAs 613% 8 Afateyl a veka renee aicds ffs ey aly autcy 4 veey satyizate cia fe eg tel STATS oitfaat As the impressions made upon a new vessel are not easily to be effaced; so here youthare taught Prudence through the allurement of fable. This work is divided under fou” heads: The Acquisition of a Friend. The Separation of a Fa- vourite. Of Disputing. of making Peace. And it is, chiefly, drawn and written from the Pancha Tantra and other books. On the banks of the river Bhagirathi, there is a remar- kable city called Patalipura, where there was formerly a Raja, endued with every noble quality, whose name was Sudarsana. One day he heard the two following verses, as they were repeated by some one: He who is not possessed of Learning which dispels many doubts, points out hidden things, and is, as it were, the organ of sight to all, is even asa blind man. Youth, abundant wealth, authority, and inexperience, is, each of them, the source of ruin. What then must be the fate of him in whom al four are combined‘ é \) fears: |! © SamUres: sareraafearmrearat fra warinat WeiqerMafeqaa TT fadarare i) aise We saa ara faera | Uae | aa waa frat we: Sa aa AAAATS Ut WAI a Ufa | Tage AU AIT a PAAS Te Vz || fag lat wal arar qcafa a Satfanaa at sim Saracafa @ maar | at qeUT Me aTAla a THY aafa: a aifaarqughauragary aaa i a wars stata arfa ae: aqafd 1 vicafafa GAT BA: FIAT A STATA || Vk DL # Sei eiara crate qatoxiig ee wae feria aA aleta ekeateeta wtefrateirtcel Serie Real (oeteiacatica ie MfeS < ets AE CHIE Bsatcs fe sicutert qa Sat ey CAT StS Tee qcaiert ate ors Stine coq sitotta tae FR IGT? SHS e To o wef Seq AY Gey Sta SESH Sia AY ALES ARIaY eaATT KeUMNe Bz \\ fearass:: || 9 afer nee reK Het HITS BT 1 GAT AS AIs 9 sta Hlafstary a Fate Sta Qhag sats Sta sa Usats BlA Sta Taresats Sta As ee THA 3 esrts Stat GI Sey WHVfaZ ql rq fanny tt ay ats atacat JI Sats atte ca “ays aya am waa weiter Hearey Gre! ataai A m3 The Raja had no sooner heard these lines than he be- gan to consider, with an afflicted heart, the situation of his sons, who were yet unacquainted with books, and wandering in the paths of error. W hat benefit is there in a son who is neither learned nor virtuous ! Or, of what use isa single eye! Such an eye is but pain ! Again: Of the child unborn, the dead, and the fool, the two first, and not the last, are the least to be lamented; forthe two first cause but a transient sorrow, whilst the last is an eternal plague. A-sonthough richand beautifulifhe be ignorant had better have been an abortion. Continence, the death of a child as soon as born, the birth of a daughter, a barren wife, continnance in the wombare all to be prefrered to such ason, He is truly born, by whose birth his generation is exal- ted; or else, who is there in this transitory life, who being dead, is not born again‘ So itis said, & \ Feataes: |! aaq | aiquqamacal a vata afeat g aay amar afe Saat Tz Tea Het aafa || aft a) cre ate RS a ae a ofa amt | fauratrat y= ameaed & Il STZ | wae ra wy awachs VHS AH a TT ATI THT || Gaels eet aa ae Hiafacat TE GMa: TwzEr Uifaa BM: | TaATSTa | BaTAATferaT far 4 frat a wren fraafeat a aay TaTsaaT afaat WaaAY Baht Ws ex Sey efrey TAS AACS AG ately AeA TATE A ACANCS ATS AK YTS SA SCA Tet FB} AISA A AA S StH Ss CHa s eAlAAS ay ateta worss A ea A Afotafaa Ata 1 age SAT 4g AAS STA SA TY Meas caters athe TAF AF OY TAPAS FA SiN AAV FE, Shas ottea 11 Kae CATR TSA & BSH SA SIT SEF TICE VR I ATU LATA 8 aie s fos Syn NU feats 1 é BR oats feo satcea 1 ifofer aeeg ast TS Baths ae? fofal Sti s ferwattrey Stans farRets saxsH foun ak SAA AMIAs al Why should the mother of that son, whom the chalk marks not inthe first enumeration of the virtuous, have complained, had she been childless; Again: That son is but as a lump of clay whose mind is not indowed with generosity and charitable dispositions or who neglects to perform religious penance, or who stu- dies not the art of war, and the art of gaining wealth. One child of genius is a blessing; not so even a hun- dred fools: A single moon dispelleth darkness better than a host of stars. The child of him, whose transgressions are expiated by penances performed at places of holy pilzrimage, should be obedient, prosperous, virtuous, and happy. And it is said also An influx of riches, and constant health; a wife who is dear to one, and one who is of kind and gentle speech; a child who is obedient, and useful knowledge, are, my son, the six pleasures of life, B Qe \ fearaSee | RAG AB: TT RMIT ST | AAT: HAA! ss faye far || TAA Aa Tar TCI: MIA | Te | WerefaeTITa yay a areraaa wafracrar ware Aerafaafawat SH STAT: THM: GAAL| AA ATTA ARTA Ui Te 4 Aaa | BHATIA TS TY farsa aera are ae fare fae fanaa a | aarala asa maimed Sfea: faa Samar faararaatafea aearafe | aad MAAVSY Aetfenad et | ay | azarfa 4 anifa wfaagq azerat | HASTA AHI IATA aMIRS aaa: | fearelara Wed fatanca FTA: It SITY | TART @ arte areata aeefaer | aq Wad TTA sicaeza fas: || Tafara fast a trat afteaani HiCaara | TSAI | aT ar afta yaat aa swear afad waa faara ara gaat faaqaarianrfa araafaaaarearufacin afameannie ta G4 HH AIT Pay AA: | MSs Vytoics Taare fra ey aatay stearwe Sq A HAR) qatacey Fes Asta aS Uae SAT 1 afecsal ae sis af TE CT PBI @ AISI atTeTe oS Sala A A fasi ¢ Atel Hae TAS AStACY Hts) otha TAT SHA WY A 1 At Se Aare zi” aq? FAtSAABT | ASA Staigie fawtsta Veta Cs] MAN CATT tay oar rt 1 Sty \\ fears: |) 4 aofe es fad quay ea ates alrifre HBS AMAT BET AH HASTAC CTS eta Bs Voirifesscoay A tI AAA Fai fos Sa CHB Atri rifes AS Satara Aas teri SlVcats CSCS etfecom ataty Fi Aq FHI 1 GA eifew ces Ste A PS Farah ateteoatty Alay eceaCKA ait Afoettcatetersata YA FART AAS VF I Good fortune is the offspring of our endeavonrs’ although there be nothing sweeter than ease. The deer are not wont to precipitate themselves into the mouth of the sleeping lion. That mother is an enemy, and that father a foe, by whom not having been instructed’ their son shineth not in the assembly; but appeareth there, likea booby among geese, Men deficient in learning shine not, although they may be possessed of youth and beauty, and of a noble race: They are like the flower Kinsukh, destitute of fragrance. The boy who hath been exercised neither in books, nor under a teacher, shines not in society, any more than a woman pregnant by a gallant. The Raja having thus meditated for a while, conveneda council of pandits, whom he addressed in the following wards:—” Ye learned men, attend ! Is there a man to be found who shall, by precepts drawn from Niti-Sastras, be able to perfect the birth of my sons, who are yet unin formed, and constantly wandering in the paths of error; For, ele ue Vl Fearreme |) UA: | BIE RIBACIII A ATH a: AW qaqauraa Fararla alway Say io aa fe afrara eta ae VATA aagq waaafa fifaeg fafreaa i) Aart faunas fw awaaafaneaaaat wef FF AEIQTTaNTd UF qareaar aft arefad Raed | ae | ATs fafeat afar frat weal W474 | a AIT AA aia MHI Vale TH || BAS | Meg fate TS AVAIAITTAM ARC WALT TA ATS HE tT | BAG seat aa gar aia Tratfaga aici | waar afar TaRara | mee Siwy WAITS Ste AAT TaFoafig WTF “tae Bra coma rifesatgytcace at g aay aty 1 stfecom eta ofearer t AacaSATA ARS ats Sater ea waata careqs feos weave afe aqwtcs atty age Vey catstargq afes sears afe terete win Req ey gexfs Gyrsa Aforticea -aetefegtsy freeral acy ae afes sfecaq . i Fearaeme th t) (om wet Aeqalws & steer) aacees eiateds Aorta 134 Shares MS VA ATRTS cata fa Bate ASS) Veet FATS BA AW AAA wTiaitety REwS SHrifirg AY Te SAAC AH aia aottg fre wats ae A RES wats afta atecas a6 hig etats Bc oF alia By aaa He cotnty Keafesns As “tz eisai ater trig fara ode afear Asa piece of glass, from the vicinity of gold, acquireht the colour ofa topaz; so a fool may derive some conse- quence from the presenece of a wise man, _ Again>.. The mind is depraved by the society of the low; it riseth ta acquality with equals; and to distinction with the distinguished.” Of this assembly there was a great pandit by name -Vishnu-Sarma, well versed in the principles of all the _ _Niti-Sastras, as it were another Vrihaspati, who replied, —“ These young Princes, O mighty Raja! being the ofisprings of an illustrious race, are capable of being instructed in the Niti-Sastras; but _ Labour, bestowed on nothing, is fruitless: With infinite pains a booby will not, presently, talk like a parrot. In a noble race, levity without virtne is seldom found, Tn a mine of rubies, when shall we find pieces of glass ¢ . Wherefore, I will engage, that in the space of six mon- _ ths, I will render thy sons well acquainted with the doc- “trines of the Niti-Sastras.” The Raja then respectfully said: C AS \\ Fearae a: ji wiz gar aeratrefa aat fac: | asrarea aifa cad wef: GaAsa ll Vey VaTafMs BaAAeT BA aa aafautera Claas aa | ATAU AAGArUs Afaawesay qaag Hat Tarufaaar TS farqaTar TSAAGUAL TIA TAA A|| VA MAS SRafTeral Waray Wea sae au Wasa | TAIITAfaaten aramagla Maat | rata | aera fear aeea aT | azaat faarara ara are fafaat wat aa A fATIATATA araniifaqnirars aa wy TARAS FI SHCA HA TLS ACARI TTA age WAFAMA TSS AAI AVAEKINS MT - SUA TTT SuSATSTT qaARaKAa ifs rity COA fa aeaieetcacs aa zis KifS MTT CHETRTF 4B Salgeagteacs sis seating afe Cala az Aa eBate 1 Bai when ca’ frosinig taaaty ade oreates aHof afar 1 uRaa orratcna Sag Tew Vifes staerernelg aX ete Hare Ne oifes aiecam 1 sta ates BERS oiferogcra Staaten ey DAI Arte ae "S's nc ccs ae rir ez raors Tinie irae fq sate Sorifiers CAAA STAT AA HAS RSH AKTACATHA fais fafa steqritticn et HRI ARLEN Fe car ee Feeperah ec wLRN aTeTAL 74 FAR Even a reptile, when attached to a flower, may mount upon the head of the holy; even a stone, when set up and consecrated by the great, attaineth divinity. for it is said, Asa thing on the eastern mountains shineth by the pre- sence of the sun; so one of humble birth, even, may be enlightened by the allurements of good books. Then be thou an example to'these, my ‘sons, for the ac- quisition of virtue. Having said this, he respectfully de- livered his sons into the chargeof Vishnu-Sarma; and that learned Pandit, soon after, siezed the opportunity, when they were, for amusement, sitting together upon the terrace of their father’s palace, to introduce his ad- Wice to the. young princes in the following lines: Wise men pass their time in amusements drawn from the works of the posts; whilst fools squander theirs in useless pursuits is, sloth, or riot. For your amusement, therefore, said he, 1 am going to relate some curious stories of a Crow, a Tertoise, and other animals. CHAP. I. Ishnu-Sarma then told the young princes to attend, and said, Re Ny fearaea 1 daft PATA TEA | TATA SA | Saraar faractara er SETA ATHaRaTH areife MATHSUSU | UATASY VAAA | eraaig ofa TTA i ANE: WARTS aa aria Wat eal weuifarefea | Ba AIPATaTATal Tay TATRA TT Aaa anata qricaiad aaufe STITH ANAT Bae Tae: aaa ae (Raa T STII ATA al HAMAA AA WALA ATSMa HA sia fanaa qqutates ari sfacrs 1 aeta wal sey atacrea weiss sta attics wae @ BAT As seq veges fe qd aieq ala atcsca Wel Fea wea es [S ahru a eg 1 foarte ats aaa fre atficos ra Scaq 8 fafacs BH DLTAATS ALSOCAN ATH AAAI SCAT TUANAT qraveiay tars aft ee stent lay Cea AHA ata es ataeatity fee ee APATATS afefa ee 1 aq afofatats cea Teta TS S8cS fefam ate ci atety sitet wtetcs fea oteta 25 asa ay ate aaa aie ale Vax seig aes SRA BI ANAATS eaTEN HAT Ale AAHKTT GA | ' | \ Fearre: || éz eet afaa feta apaets ater sifrs eta): aaa aire a8 faface ate 2 rety aoa 1 feota tel viral Star’ sham He srieh SfRcaeE aq Fw TE TRAE ata sfeaq aif