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 BX 9211 .P49123 N606 1864 
 Shepherd, Thomas James, 181. 
 
 -1898. 
 The days that are past 
 
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THE 
 
 DAYS THAT ARE PAST, 
 
 BY 
 
 THOMAS JAMES SHEPHERD, 
 
 FOURTH PASTOR OF PHILADELPHIA N. L. FIRST PRESBYTERIAN 
 CHURCH. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA: 
 
 LINDSAY & BLAKISTON. 
 1864. 
 
Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1864, 
 By Lindsay &BLAKISTON, 
 
 In the Clerk's Office of the District Court of the United States for the 
 Eastern District of Pennsylvania. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA: 
 CAXTON PRESS OP C. SHERMAN, SON & CO. 
 
TO THE 
 
 nuttu, §UiU, m%i Mnnhu^ 
 
 FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 
 
 Nort!)ern Cibi^rtics, 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 
 BY THEIR PASTOR. 
 
PREFACE. 
 
 The month of January, 1864, witnessed 
 the semi-centennial anniversary of three 
 closely related events in the history of "The 
 First Presbyterian Church in the Northern 
 Liberties," namely, the investment of the Con- 
 gregation, by the Commonwealth of Penn- 
 sylvania, with corporate powers, on the sixth 
 day of January, 1814; the installation of the 
 first pastor, the Rev. James Patterson, on the 
 eleventh day; and the formal organization of 
 the Church on the twelfth day. 
 
 In commemoration of these events, and in 
 testimony to that exceeding grace of God 
 
viii PREFACE. 
 
 which, through fifty years, had been signally 
 revealed to the Church and Congregation, the 
 present pastor, on the seventeenth and twenty- 
 fourth days of January last, preached dis- 
 courses which, without change in matter or 
 form, but, with additional illustrations in foot- 
 notes and in an appendix, appear in the fol- 
 lowing pages. 
 
 The publication is made in response to 
 urgent request, and in hope of adding some- 
 thing to the rapidly accumulating and already 
 quite invaluable material of Presbyterian 
 Church History. 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Corporate Title of the Church, .... 14 
 
 Northern Liberties, 15 
 
 Early Times, 17 
 
 Campingtown, 19 
 
 Fifty Years Ago, 21 
 
 Presbyterian Beginnings, 23 
 
 Church Edifice, Second and Coates, ... 25 
 
 Elders of the Forming Congregation, ... 28 
 
 First Pastor : Kev. James Patterson, ... 29 
 
 Earlier Life, 33 
 
 Religious Character, 37 
 
 Intellectual Character, ...... 39 
 
 Personal Appearance, ...... 41 
 
 The City, when he came to it, . . . . 43 
 
 Francis Markoe, Esq., ...... 47 
 
 Week-night Gatherings, ..... 51 
 
 Sunday-schools, ....... 53 
 
 First Great Revival in 1816, 54 
 
 Revival following Revival, ..... 57 
 
 Field Preaching, ....... 59 
 
 Pecuniary Embarrassment of Corporation, . . 61 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 Second Church, Northern Liberties, 
 
 Third Church, Northern Liberties, 
 
 Extension of Church Influence, . 
 
 New Church Edifice, 
 
 Death, ..... 
 
 Eesults of Mr. Patterson's Ministry, 
 Second Pastor : Eev. Dr. Carroll, . 
 
 Earlier Life, .... 
 
 Qualifications for the Pastorate, . 
 
 Embarrassments, .... 
 
 Ending of Pastorate, 
 
 Death, 
 
 Third Pastor : Eev. Dr. Ely, 
 
 Earlier Life, 
 
 Qualifications for the Pastorate, 
 
 Ministry, ..... 
 
 Closing Days, ..... 
 
 Funeral, ...... 
 
 Fourth Pastor : Eev. Thomas James Shepherd, 
 
 Eleven Years' Work, 
 Modes of Warming Church Edifice, . 
 Modes of Lighting Church Edifice, . 
 Church Efficiency in Sunday-Schools, 
 Catalogue of Sunday-Schools. 
 
 Coates Street, . 
 
 Spring Garden, Cohock 
 Kensington,- . 
 Colored, . 
 Nazarene, 
 
 ink, 
 
 PAGE 
 
 67 
 
 69 
 
 71 
 
 73 
 
 76 
 
 78 
 
 80 
 
 81 
 
 83 
 
 87 
 
 91 
 
 93 
 
 94 
 
 96 
 
 98 
 
 101 
 
 103 
 
 105 
 
 106 
 
 109 
 
 121 
 
 123 
 
 125 
 
 127 
 
 128 
 129 
 131 
 132 
 
CONTENTS. 
 
 XI 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Combined Schools : four, 133 
 
 Barton, Hart Lane, Eising Sun, Kace Street, 
 
 Eastburn, 135 
 
 Kirke White, Infant, 136 
 
 Missionary, Marion, Coates Street Colored, 
 
 Union, 137 
 
 Penn Hose, Briggsville, 138 
 
 Sunday-School Instkuction, ..... 139 
 
 Sunday-School Libraries, 141 
 
 Sunday-School Charities, 143 
 
 Eldership, . . . 144 
 
 Elders Dying in Office. 
 
 John Gourley, 146 
 
 Kobert Sawyer, 147 
 
 Joseph Abbott, 150 
 
 Isaac Will, 152 
 
 Charles Deal, ........ 155 
 
 Perpetuity of Church Life, 159 
 
 The Landscape's Eye, 161 
 
 Kesponsibility of Individuals, 163 
 
 Shortness of Life's Working Term, .... 165 
 
 APPEISTDIX. 
 
 I. Charter of the Church, .... 
 
 II. Trustees of the Corporation, . 
 
 III. Names of Communicants at organization, 
 
 IV. Sunday-schools and Superintendents, 
 
 V. Pastors and Elders, 
 
 167 
 175 
 180 
 181 
 190 
 
THE 
 
 DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Ask now of the days that are past. 
 
 Deut. 4 : 32. 
 
 To inquire of the days that are past in re- 
 spect to the persons and events of History is 
 to experience a peculiar pleasure. It is well 
 said by the historian Niebuhr, " He who calls 
 what has vanished back into being, enjoys a 
 bliss like that of creating." 
 
 The finished term of fifty years since the 
 organization of this Church and the settle- 
 ment of its first pastor, is a proper occasion 
 to interrogate the past. With ampler mate- 
 rial and greater leisure, I might have made 
 
 2 
 
14 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 the inquiry more complete and more accept- 
 able ; but, I trust that what I have been able 
 to achieve will prove not altogether ungrate- 
 ful to the members of the Church and Con- 
 gregation. 
 
 The corporate title of this Church is " The 
 First Presbyterian Church in the North- 
 ern Liberties."* This title carries thought 
 back to the beginnings of population and of 
 Presbjterianism in that large District, once a 
 suburb, now a part of the City of Phila- 
 delphia. 
 
 Few have need to be told that the original 
 limits of Philadelphia were the Delaware and 
 Schuylkill Kivers, east and west, and Vine 
 and Cedar Streets, north and south. Along 
 the Delaware, above and below city limits, 
 population early began to form. The section 
 
 * See Appendix I. 
 
NORTHERN LIBERTIES. 15 
 
 above city limits was commonly designated 
 " North End ;" that below city limits, " South 
 End," or " Society Hill."* But when the 
 growth of population had made municipal 
 government a necessity, the suburbs were 
 erected into separate municipalities : the sub- 
 urb, south, into the municipality of '' South- 
 wark;" the suburb, north, into the munici- 
 pality of "The Northern Liberties." 
 
 The District of the Northern Liberties was 
 incorporated in the year 1803, and was con- 
 solidated with the City in 1854. At the 
 time of its incorporation, its inhabitants 
 numbered about sixteen thousand, and its 
 compactly buift portions had, at no point, a 
 greater westward extension than the line of 
 Third Street; at the time of its consolida- 
 tion, its inhabitants numbered about sixty 
 thousand, whilst over its whole area, as de- 
 
 * Watson's Annals. 
 
16 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 fined by the Delaware, Cohocksink Creek, 
 Sixth Street, and Vine Street, spread densely 
 crowded buildings, and, beyond it, there 
 stretched away the comparatively recent, yet 
 rapidly advancing municipalities of Kensing- 
 ton^ Spring Garden, and Penn Township, 
 cities in themselves. 
 
 Of the first appearances of the North End 
 no memorials now remain, and few traces of 
 what the Liberties were even fifty years ago. 
 In early times, from Callowhill Street to the 
 Run, which the great sewer under Willow 
 Street hides, and which, originally bearing 
 the euphonious Indian name Cohoquinoque, 
 was subsequently known as Pegg's Run, 
 steep descents led down to broad marshes, 
 where tide-waters flowed, and occasionally so 
 flooded that boats were needed to cross them. 
 These marshes, green in the summer with 
 coarse grasses and shrubs, and alive with the 
 
EARLY TIMES. 17 
 
 birds which sportsmen from the City keenly 
 hunted, were first bridged by a long cause- 
 way in the line of Front Street. Beyond 
 these marshes, as one went northward, the 
 firm ground was densely wooded, and was 
 cleared for tillage chiefly by two proprietors, 
 Daniel Pegg and William Coates. Pegg re- 
 sided on his farm; building for himself a 
 house which stood on what is now the west 
 side of Front Street, a little below Green, 
 and which was usually called " The Big Brick 
 House at the North End."* 
 
 In later times, and immediately after the 
 defeat of General Braddock by the French 
 and Indians in the year 1755, the North End 
 was the site of barracks built by the British 
 Government for troops deemed necessary for 
 the City's protection. The ground on which 
 these barracks stood was the square lying 
 
 * "Watson's Annals. 
 2* 
 
18 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 between Second and Third and Buttonwood 
 and Green Streets, and, when chosen for this 
 purpose, was a field of luxuriant buckwheat. 
 The barracks consisted of brick houses, two 
 stories high, with a portico around the whole 
 hollow square, and furnished accommodations 
 for three thousand men, with their officers.* 
 Their location was so remote from town that 
 young men and maidens in the City were ac- 
 customed, on holiday occasions, to form par- 
 ties and to visit the Parade Ground directly 
 east of them, under the double incentive of 
 witnessing the drill of the soldiers and of 
 enjoying a walk to the country. For the 
 convenience of soldiers and citizens, another 
 long causeway across the marshes of Pegg's 
 Run, in the line of Second Street, was built; 
 and, facilitating intercourse between the City 
 and the North End, was a powerful stimulus 
 
 * Watson's Annals. 
 
CAMPINGTOWN. 19 
 
 to the growth of a resident population. It is, 
 however, a strong proof of the predominant 
 soldier element in the gathering population 
 that the town, condensing about the barracks, 
 was early named Campingtown, and, in the 
 abbreviations, Campington and Camptoion is 
 still familiar to all middle-aged residents of 
 the District.* 
 
 In times later still, when the war for Inde-. 
 pendence had subjected Philadelphia to the 
 occupancy of a British army, the barracks at 
 Campingtown were not only filled with sol- 
 diers but the Cohocksink Creek was dammed, 
 to make the flooded meadows a barrier of 
 
 * According to Watson, Campingtown, in times not very- 
 remote, was well entitled to the designation Fightingtown. 
 He says: "The Northern Liberties about Camptown and 
 Pegg's Kun used to be in agitation almost every Saturday- 
 night by- the regular clans of ' rough and .tumble ' fighting 
 between the ship-carpenters from Kensington and the butch- 
 ers from Spring Garden, — the public authority not even at- 
 tempting to hinder them, as it was deemed an affair out of 
 town." 
 
20 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 defence, and the high ground between the 
 Delaware and Schuylkill Rivers was strongly 
 fortified. One of the six fortifications that 
 stretched from river to river, stood on the 
 Delaware near the foot of Brown Street ; an- 
 other, in an open grass lot on the line of the 
 present Second Street immediately east of 
 where the first St. John's Methodist Church, 
 on St. John Street, stood ; another, on the 
 ground where Sixth and Poplar Streets now 
 intersect; another, on Bush Hill; another, 
 near Fairmount; and the other remaining 
 one on Market west of Broad Street ; whilst 
 between them all, from one to the other, 
 stretched stockades and formidable barriers 
 of trees.* 
 
 But these memorials of early and later 
 times, with many others that I may not stay 
 to mention, have all passed away. The 
 
 ^ Watson's Annals. 
 
FIFTY YEARS AGO. 21 
 
 steeps above Pegg's Kiin have become gentle 
 slopes ; the marshes along Pegg's Rmi have 
 hidden under streets and buildings ; the slug- 
 gish waters of Pegg's Run itself have found a 
 tunnelled channel-way where sunbeam never 
 comes; and the barracks of Campingtown, 
 and the meadows of Cohocksink, and the forts 
 between the rivers, have alike disappeared. 
 
 Nor are we able to detect much that ex- 
 isted fifty years ago. From the Delaware to 
 Third Street and from Vine Street to Poplar 
 Lane, the plat of the District was substan- 
 tially what it now is ; but most of the streets 
 were unpaved, one half of the buildings were 
 of wood, and numerous vacant lots were here 
 and there to be seen. The rude beginnings 
 of Fourth Street, north of Callowhill, had 
 just become visible, but no traces of Fifth 
 and Sixth Streets had appeared. The Old 
 York Road was the only highway across the 
 
22 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 commons, and Green Street west of Third 
 was a long line of ponds and brick-yards.* 
 The houses of worship in the District were 
 few and unpretending, most church-goers 
 walking to the City, and where these houses 
 stood, stand now, with scarcely an exception, 
 rows of shops. 
 
 But, turning from the beginnings of popu- 
 lation, let me describe the beginnings of 
 Presbyterianism in the Northern Liberties. 
 When, in the second half of the last century, 
 a town began to form in close proximity to 
 the barracks, the spiritual wants of its people 
 awakened the concern of the Second Presby- 
 terian Church in the City worshipping at 
 Third and Arch Streets. This Church had 
 had its origin in the great revival under Mr. 
 Whitefield's ministry, and was distinguished 
 
 * Watson's Annals. 
 
PRESBYTERIAN BEGINNINGS. 23 
 
 for zeal in labors to propagate the Gospel. 
 Its first pastor, the famous Gilbert Tennent,* 
 was as eminent for public spirit as for preach- 
 ing talent; and, residing, for the most part, 
 at a country place called Bedminster, now 
 Fourth and Wood Streets, he displayed that 
 interest in the people of the North End which 
 brought many of them under his ministra- 
 tions. Mr. Tennent, dying in January, 1764, 
 one hundred years ago, was succeeded by the 
 Rev. Dr. Sproat, who instituted at Camping- 
 town regular religious services in a small 
 house which the Second Church had provided 
 and fitted up for the purpose. f During the 
 Revolutionary War, these services were sus- 
 
 * The name Tennent is frequently spelled Tennant. In the 
 text, the spelling is that adopted by Webster in his History of 
 the Presbyterian Church in America, and by other authori- 
 ties. 
 
 f This house, familiarly called in later times, "The Old 
 Cannon House," stood at the northeast corner of St. John and 
 Coates Streets. 
 
24 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 pended, and the house in which they had 
 been held was converted into a receptacle for 
 military stores.* After the Revolutionary 
 War, the j)roject of gathering a congregation 
 at Campingtown was revived, but was not 
 realized until, with special reference to it, Dr. 
 Ashbel Green, in 1783, became the colleague 
 of Dr. Sproat. The two pastors made ar- 
 rangements for alternate Sabbath services at 
 Campingtown and in the City; Dr. Green 
 engaging, in addition, to preach at Camping- 
 town every Wednesday evening. It illus- 
 trates the then condition of the District, that 
 after an experiment of six months, the Wed- 
 nesday evening service was abandoned, be- 
 cause " there was neither a regular pavement 
 nor any lamps in that part of the Northern 
 Liberties in which the house used for worship 
 was situated."-}* 
 
 * Dr. Green's Autobiography^, p. 191. f Ibid., p. 192, 
 
CHURCH ERECTION. 25 
 
 At length, the growth of the Campingtown 
 congregation demanded better accommoda- 
 tions than this small house afforded, and an 
 effort was made to build a church. Mr. Wil- 
 liam Coates, a large land-owner, made dona- 
 tion of the lot on the northwest corner of 
 Second and Coates Streets, then open ground, 
 and, as was thought, too remote from the City 
 to be ever disturbed by the noise of toil and 
 traffic. Drs. Green and Janeway, the col- 
 legiate pastors of the Second Church, and 
 that prince of lajonen, Robert Ralston, begged 
 the money to erect the house, which, built of 
 brick, eighty by sixty feet in dimensions, 
 without galleries and without a lecture-room, 
 yet, according to Dr. Green, " of comely pro- 
 portions and modest ornaments," was finished 
 in the spring of 1805, and was opened for pub- 
 lic worship " on the Lord's Day, April 7th."* 
 
 * Mr. Isaac Snowden, in a manuscript journal, now in the 
 
 custody of the Presbyterian Historical Society, describes the 
 
 3 
 
26 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 In this house, religious worshij) had for 
 eight years been statedly held, when, from 
 
 opening of this house for worship. He says : "The service 
 of the consecration or solemn dedication of the new Church 
 in Campingtown began with a short introductory prayer for 
 a blessing by Dr. Green. Then Mr. Bradford read the sixth 
 chapter of Second Chronicles, and gave out a hymn. Mr. 
 Janeway prayed and gave out the 122d Psalm. 
 
 "Dr. Green preached from 2 Chronicles 6 : 40, 41 : 'Now, 
 my God, let, I beseech thee, thine eyes be open, and let thine 
 ears be attent unto the prayer that is made in this place. 
 Now, therefore, arise, O Lord God, into thy resting-place, 
 thou, and the ark of thy strength : let thy priests, O Lord 
 God, be clothed with salvation, and let thy saints rejoice in 
 goodness.' 
 
 "Evening, Mr. Janeway preached from 1 Kings 8 : 27 : ' But 
 will God, indeed, dwell on the earth ? Behold the heaven, 
 and the heaven of heavens cannot contain thee ; how much 
 less this house that I have builded.' 
 
 "The church was exceedingly crowded both morning and 
 evening." 
 
 Dr. Green's sermon was published. In it occurs the follow- 
 ing passage: "Sacred edifice! long the object of my wishes, 
 my hopes, my labors, and my prayers, mayst thou never be 
 profaned, abused, and polluted by unhallowed lips. May thy 
 consecrated walls resound only with evangelical truth. May 
 no false doctrine, heresy, or error ever be uttered here ; if it 
 
CHURCH ORGANIZATION. 27 
 
 the growth of the District and of the congre- 
 gation as well, it was judged expedient to 
 take measures for the organization of a church 
 and for the settlement of a pastor who, col- 
 legiate with the pastors of the Second Church, 
 should jet reside in the District and give to 
 Presbyterian families there the long-needed 
 oversight. 
 
 shall, let the stone cry out of the wall and let the beam out of the 
 timber answer it, and let them confound the wretch who shall 
 here attempt to pervert the Word of Life and to beguile un- 
 wary souls. Gracious God ! our hope is in Thee alone. Let 
 this place ever be the witness only of worship that is pure, 
 and of doctrine that is sound ; that many sons and daughters, 
 through successive ages, when we are mouldering under the 
 clods of the valley, may here be born to Thee, and hence be 
 translated to the house not made with hands, eternal in the 
 heavens." 
 
 The prayer that truth might be spoken in the dedicated 
 house, and that in it many might be born again was signally 
 answered ; but the house did not stand, as Dr. Green antici- 
 pated, "through successive ages." It illustrates man's igno- 
 rance of the future and a growing city's changes that Dr. 
 Green, who died in 1848, should himself see the sacred edifice 
 he had toiled to rear demolished, and, in its stead, for near a 
 score of years, the shops of busy industry. 
 
28 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 The first movement in this direction was 
 the election, by order of Philadelphia Presby- 
 tery, and with consent of the Second Church 
 Session, of six men, members of the Second 
 Church but attendants upon the worship at 
 Second and Coates, who should serve as elders 
 of the forming congregation. Of the six men, 
 elected May 10, 1813, four only consented to 
 serve. These four, Samuel Macferran, Joseph 
 Abbott, John Gourley, and Thomas White, 
 were, on the afternoon of Sabbath, 23d May, 
 1813, by the Rev. Dr. Janeway, then sole 
 pastor of the Second Church, solemnly or- 
 dained and installed.* 
 
 The first care of these Elders of a congre- 
 gation, but not of a church, was the secure- 
 ment of supplies for the pulpit, with the view 
 of finding an acceptable minister. Mr. Rich- 
 
 ^ Dr. Green, in October, 1812, had entered on the Presi- 
 dency of Princeton College. 
 
FIRST PASTOR. 29 
 
 ards, Mr. Crane, Mr. Galpin, and Mr. Pat- 
 terson were employed, in succession, each a 
 month.* The choice of the congregation fell, 
 at length, upon the Rev. James Patterson, 
 who, at a meeting held Monday, 27th of Sep- 
 tember, 1813, and moderated by Rev. Dr. 
 Janeway, was elected pastor. 
 
 At an adjourned meeting of Philadelphia 
 Presbytery, held Tuesday, 16th November, 
 1813, Mr. Patterson, on letters from New 
 Brunswick Presbytery, was received as a 
 member ; the call from " the Congregation of 
 the First Presbyterian Church in the North- 
 ern Liberties of Philadelphia," was put into 
 his hands, and, upon his acceptance of the 
 call, order was taken for his installation on 
 the second Tuesday of January, 1814. 
 
 * Of Mr. Richards, nothing is known. In the minutes of 
 Assembly for the year 1814, John R. Crane is reported as a 
 Licentiate of Jersey Presbytery, and Horace Galpin as a Li- 
 centiate of the Presbytery of New Brunswick. 
 
 3* 
 
30 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST 
 
 Meanwhile, efforts went forward to perfect 
 the organization of a Presbyterian Church, 
 distinct and separate from the Second Church. 
 An application was made to the Session of 
 the Second Church by fifty-two persons, com- 
 municants in said church but worshippers at 
 Second and Coates Streets, to be dismissed 
 for the purpose of forming '' The First Pres- 
 byterian Church in the Northern Liberties." 
 An application was also made to the Com- 
 monwealth of Pennsylvania by the pew- 
 holders in the church edifice at Second and 
 Coates Streets to be constituted " a corpora- 
 tion and body politic in law and in fact." 
 Both applications were granted. The act of 
 incorporation was consummated January 6 th; 
 the formal organization of the Church was 
 effected January 12th, 1814.* 
 
 The day preceding the formal organization 
 
 * See Appendix IT and TTT. 
 
FIRST PASTOR: INSTALLATION. 31 
 
 of the Church, Mr. Patterson was installed 
 into the pastorate. A large congregation 
 assembled at 11 o'clock on the morning of 
 Tuesday, 11th January, 1814, to witness the 
 installation. The Committee of Presbytery, 
 consisting of the Rev. Dr. Janeway and the 
 Rev. Messrs. Burch* and Joyce,f occupied 
 the pulpit, whilst the pastor elect, Mr. Patter- 
 son, sat in a slip below. The Rev. Mr. Burch 
 presided, proposed the constitutional ques- 
 tions and made the installing prayer. The 
 Rev. Mr. Joyce preached the sermon, and the 
 
 ■^ The Kev. James K. Burch, a minister of Philadelphia 
 Presbytery, was, at the time of Mr. Patterson's installation, 
 the pastor of a forming, feeble Church, denominated the Fifth 
 Presbyterian Church, of Philadelphia. In the pastorate of 
 this Church he was succeeded by Dr. Skinner. 
 
 f The Eev. John Joyce, also a minister of Philadelphia 
 Presbytery, was, in 1814, pastor of the Independent Taber- 
 nacle Presbyterian Church, then in Ranstead Court, above 
 Fourth, between Chestnut and Market Streets. He was from 
 England, and labored in Philadelphia with much acceptance 
 for some years. 
 
32 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Rev. Dr. Janeway delivered an impressive 
 charge, first to the pastor and then to the 
 people. The whole service was a solemn and 
 tender one ; and when, at the closer, the heads 
 of families, coming forward to their pastor, 
 gave him the right hand, in token of cordial 
 reception and affectionate regard, many an 
 eye softened in sympathy with the tearful 
 emotion that eloquently told the sense of a 
 new, eventful responsibility. 
 
 Mr. Patterson, at the time of his installa- 
 tion, was in the thirty-fifth year of his age.* 
 Born on the 17th of March, 1779, at Ervina, 
 Bucks County, near the Delaware, he was, 
 while yet a youth, after a season of protracted 
 mental suffering, amounting frequently to 
 anguish, born again at Strasburg, Franklin 
 
 * In sketching the life and ministry of Mr. Patterson, free 
 use has been made of his Memoir, by Rev. Eobert Adair : of 
 Sprague's Annals, fourth volume ; and of the statements of 
 Mrs. Patterson, who still survives him. 
 
FIRST PASTOR: EARLIER LIFE. 33 
 
 County, in the beautiful Cumberland Valley. 
 Devoting himself to the service of God, he 
 began with characteristic energy and zeal the 
 work of preparation for the ministry. 
 
 With the standing of a consistent Chris- 
 tian and of a good scholar, he graduated from 
 Jefferson College, Canonsburg, in 1804 ; was 
 for some time a classical teacher in Trenton, 
 New Jersey; was appointed in 1806, a tutor 
 in Princeton College, where, under direction 
 of Drs. Smith and Kollock, he studied Theo- 
 logy ; and, on Wednesday, the 5th day of Oc- 
 tober, 1808, by the Presbytery of New Bruns- 
 wick, was licensed to preach the Gospel. 
 
 In June, 1809, he was called to the Church 
 of Bound Brook, New Jersey, and was in- 
 stalled there, by the Presbytery which licensed 
 him, on Wednesday, the 9 th day of August 
 following. 
 
 Resigning his charge in June, 1813, and 
 
34 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 called to Philadelphia at the close of Septem- 
 ber in that year, he entered on his pastoral 
 work in the Liberties at the opening of 1814, 
 when the gloom of war lay thickest on the 
 City, and when, from nmnerous other causes, 
 the prospect of success was anything else than 
 bright. 
 
 In the midst of a terrible war to-day, we 
 can appreciate somewhat the state of public 
 feeling, fifty years ago ; but, the circumstances 
 of our City now differ so widely from its cir- 
 cumstances then, that we cannot possibly con- 
 ceive the darkness and depression which 
 characterized those times. 
 
 During the present struggle, Philadelphia 
 has had an unobstructed access to the sea, 
 and a powerful stimulus to her industry. At 
 no period of her history, perhaps, have her 
 shops been busier, or her warehouses fuller, 
 
FIRST PASTOR: DISCOURAGEMENTS. 35 
 
 or her manufacturers and merchants more 
 prosperous. 
 
 But, far otherwise was it, fifty years ago. 
 Then, our harbor was blockaded ; our coast- 
 wise communications cut off; our railroads 
 unbuilt, indeed, un thought of; our trade 
 almost annihilated; our industry well-nigh 
 paralyzed; our currency frightfully deranged; 
 our population distressed, disheartened, de- 
 spondent. The necessaries of life were dou- 
 bled in price ; and, so bitter were the differ- 
 ences of political opinion that the intercourse 
 of society was constantly checked and the 
 peace of households not infrequently broken.* 
 
 A more unpromising time to attempt the 
 difficult enterprise of gathering a self-sustain- 
 ing congregation could scarcely be imagined ; 
 and yet the time was not the sole or the chief 
 discouragement Mr. Patterson encountered. 
 
 * See the Journals of tliat day. 
 
36 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 His little band of communicants, fifty-two in 
 number, were not able to aid him much. 
 Three-fourths of them were females ; nine- 
 tenths of them were poor ; all of them were 
 unaccustomed to work together, and so were 
 unpractised, undisciplined, untrained. 
 
 His stated hearers, moreover, were depress- 
 ingly few, and, from long dependence on the 
 Second Church, were quite indisposed to make 
 sustained and steady effort to achieve enlarge- 
 ment. 
 
 Besides, his accessible material consisted 
 mainly of the population usually found in the 
 suburbs of cities, and usually noted for the 
 bad pre-eminence of ignorance, poverty, vice, 
 crime. Most of the families which, f)0ssessed 
 of intelligence and wealth, had, from busi- 
 ness or other relations, become residents of 
 the District, were accustomed to seek, if 
 church-goers at all, the more stately edifices, 
 
FIRST PASTOR: RELIGIOUS CHARACTER. 37 
 
 and the more congenial companionships of 
 the City. 
 
 And, as if to make the list of discourage- 
 ments overwhelmingly formidable, his only 
 place of assembling the people was, despite 
 Dr. Green's commendation of it, a large, cold, 
 unattractive house of worship, with a ceiling 
 so lofty, and withal so arched, that no occupant 
 of its pulpit could speak with ease, and few 
 occupants of its pews could hear with comfort. 
 
 But Mr. Patterson had some singular quali- 
 fications for his new and untried field. Fore- 
 most among these qualifications was his i^eli- 
 gio7is character. His piety was pre-eminently 
 trusting and self-sacrificing. He had an un- 
 limited confidence in God ; he was ready at 
 any moment when duty called to renounce 
 ease, money, reputation, health, life, every- 
 thing, indeed, which the natural heart so in- 
 stinctively clings to. 
 
38 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Looking to God in strong, firm faith, he 
 was a man of abomiding prayer. " He prayed 
 on all occasions and over all subjects, and 
 with whomsoever he might be. He prayed 
 not as a matter of form or of mere duty ; but 
 he praj'ed because he loved to pray, and 
 because he had faith in a God who hears 
 prayer."* 
 
 Obeying, in the spirit of Christ, the law of 
 self-sacrifice, he was a man of untiring bene- 
 volence. He had been led to feel that his 
 mission and ministry were mainly to the 
 poor; that his one, all-comprehensive, all- 
 commanding life-work was to lift up the de- 
 graded, to enlighten the ignorant, to reclaim 
 the vicious, to reform the idle, to train for 
 usefulness in time, and for reward in eternity, 
 the neglected and the outcast. He was, thus, 
 in remarkable degree, the man for his place. 
 
 * Mr. Barnes, in his Commemorative Sermon. 
 
FIRST PASTOR: INTELLECTUAL CHARACTER. 39 
 
 Nor was he better qualified for liis place by 
 his religious than by his intellectual character. 
 His mind was original, bold, imaginative, 
 powerful. 
 
 His originality was marked. " He thought 
 for himself; he thought in his own way."* 
 For material of thought or for modes of illus- 
 tration, he never depended on others. A 
 diligent, devout student of God's word, he 
 held and uttered what he believed the Bible 
 taught, regardless of what men, living or dead, 
 affirmed to the contrary. 
 
 Nor was his boldness a less marked charac- 
 teristic than his originality. He was any- 
 thing else than a calm, slow, patient thinker. 
 He never set himself to investigate truth with 
 cautious deliberation, or to track error with 
 tedious step, or to besiege intelligence with the 
 toilsome approaches of an all-investing, irre- 
 
 * Mr. Barnes, in his Commemorative Sermon. 
 
40 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 sistible logic. With the clash and daring of 
 an impetuous soldier he bore to men's minds 
 principles which they dared not dispute ; and, 
 with conceptions the most startling, and 
 images the most striking, he stormed, before 
 men were aware, the citadel of their hearts. 
 
 He had, too, as we might expect from his 
 originality and boldness, an imagination sin- 
 gularly fertile. He was inexhaustible in illus- 
 tration. He cared little for refinements of 
 thought or elegances of phrase, but he sought 
 diligently and successfully the strong, the 
 arresting, the impressive. Aiming to save 
 souls, he accounted no image too plain, and 
 no incident too homely if it made the truth 
 transparently clear and tellingly effective. 
 
 Hence, he had, in large measure, the royal 
 attribute of poioer. He could, at will, arrest 
 the attention of the most thoughtless and 
 touch the sensibility of the most hardened. 
 
FIRST PASTOR: PERSONAL APPEARANCE. 41 
 
 Using ever the simplest, strongest, most 
 sinewy, most thoroughly Saxon forms of 
 speech, he carried conviction to the dullest 
 minds, and terror to the stoutest hearts. He 
 was an evangelist of the school of Whitefield 
 and Gilbert Tennent; he was a pastor of the 
 school of Baxter and Payson. Of all the 
 men of his time he was, beyond question, the 
 best adapted to the peculiar field and the 
 special work to which he was called. 
 
 But, in enumerating Mr. Patterson's singu- 
 lar qualifications for his place, it must not be 
 forgotten that the peculiarities of his heart 
 and mind were aided in an extraordinary 
 manner by those of his person. Six feet in 
 height, and so spare that he looked much 
 taller ; with eyes black as the raven's wing, 
 and burning at times like coals ; with a com- 
 plexion dark but whitened not infrequently 
 by the paleness of feeble health ; with features 
 
 4* 
 
42 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 on which habitually rested a grave, almost a 
 sad expression, yet through which, occasion- 
 ally, stole a gleam of brightness like sunburst 
 through parting clouds; with arms of wide 
 sweep and, in every movement, eloquent of 
 thought and passion; with a voice, moreover, 
 strangely sweet and subduing in its lower 
 tones, startlingly shrill and piercing in its 
 higher ; he could never be heard with indif- 
 ference, whilst often he would make an over- 
 whelming impression. 
 
 Such was the man who, fifty years ago last 
 Monday,* was installed the first pastor of this 
 Church. At the time of his installation there 
 were but five Presbyterian Churches in the 
 City proper, and, beside the feeble congrega- 
 tion which he took charge of, not one in any 
 of the suburban Districts. 
 
 Of the ^ye Churches in the City, three only 
 
 * llth Januarv, 1814. 
 
PRESBYTERIAN CHURCHES IN THE CITY. 43 
 
 were possessed of any strength in membership 
 or means: the First, under the care of Dr. 
 James P. Wilson; the Second, under the col- 
 league pastorate of Drs. Janeway and Skinner; 
 and the Third, absorbed at the time in the 
 bitter ecclesiastical controversy connected with 
 the settlement of Dr. Ely. 
 
 It will illustrate the appearance of the City 
 when Mr. Patterson came to it, if we call to 
 mind that the edifice in which the First 
 Church and Congregation worshipped stood 
 then, in Market Street, between Second and 
 Third, immediately east of what was once 
 Elbow Lane, now Bank Street. This edifice, 
 built in Grecian style, with a noble portico 
 supported by four massive columns, was ac- 
 counted one of the finest buildings in the 
 City.* 
 
 Little more than a block away, at the 
 
 * Watson's Annals. 
 
44 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 northwest corner of Third and Arch Streets, 
 stood the edifice in which the Second Church 
 and Congregation Avorshipped. The house w^as 
 an oblong structure, with the pulpit^in the 
 west end, with ample galleries on three sides, 
 and with pews which, fifty years ago, were 
 characterized as models of convenience and 
 comfort.* 
 
 The edifice in which the Third Church and 
 Congregation worshipped, stood where it now 
 stands, at the southeast corner of Fourth and 
 Pine Streets. What it was a half century 
 
 * See brief notices of the Churches and Meeting Houses of 
 Philadelphia, in Christian Observer, 1853, by Paul. 
 
 The notice of the Second Church edifice has respect to its 
 appearance half a century ago, not to its appearance as origi- 
 nally built. At the first, the pulpit was on the north side, and 
 the house was without galleries. About the beginning of this 
 century, the dimensions of the building and its interior ar- 
 rangements were altered. For particulars, reference may be 
 made to the interesting "Communication of Samuel Hazard, 
 Esq., to the Board of Trustees of the Second Presbyterian 
 Church." 
 
APPEARANCE OF THE CITY. 45 
 
 ago, may be inferred from what it was when 
 the present pastor came to it. In his quarter 
 century sermon, two years since, Dr. Brainerd 
 describes it as " barn-like in its aspects ;" as 
 " great and dimly lighted ;" as having " high 
 galleries and high-backed pews," but no "vesti- 
 bule, and no lecture, Sunday-school, or busi- 
 ness rooms." 
 
 Nor will it be less illustrative of the appear- 
 ance of the City fifty years since, if we re- 
 member that then its compactly built portions 
 were chiefly east of Sixth Street. On Chest- 
 nut, above Sixth, back from the street, on the 
 north side, stood Carpenter's mansion, a fine 
 old dwelling, surrounded by trees. At Broad 
 and Market, stood a circular, marble edifice, 
 which, receiving the waters of the Schuylkill 
 from a point near the present Market Street 
 bridge, distributed them in limited quantities 
 over the City. At Gray's Ferry, a floating 
 
46 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 bridge gave easy access to Bartram's botanic 
 gardens, a resort as much in favor with the 
 public then as Fairmount now. The beautiful 
 Washington Square, facing which, on the 
 south, stands to-day the honored edifice of the 
 First Church, was the Potter's Field, the com- 
 mon grave-yard of paupers, criminals, and 
 strangers.* 
 
 Mr. Patterson began his work in the North- 
 ern Liberties by connecting with his Sabbath 
 ministrations a system of faithful visitation 
 to the families of the District. Going every- 
 wdiere, and making everywhere the impres-. 
 sion that he honestly sought to promote the 
 spiritual welfare of the people, he had the 
 happiness to see the number and the interest 
 of his hearers steadily growing. At the first 
 communion after his installation, he admitted 
 eleven on profession and seventeen on certifi- 
 
 * Watson's Annals. 
 
FRANCIS MARKOE, THE EARNEST ELDER. 47 
 
 cate ; at the second communion, thirty on 
 profession, and five on certificate. 
 
 Among the five admitted on certificate at 
 the second communion was Francis Markoe, 
 Esq., who, identifying himself with the Church 
 to become one of its elders, was, for six years, 
 a most judicious and effective helper. 
 
 Mr. Markoe was an extraordinary man.* 
 Born in Santa Cruz and educated at Princeton 
 College, New Jersey, he entered on the scenes 
 of active manhood, in his native island, gay, 
 worldly, wealthy. Spending, with several of 
 his relatives, a festive season of some days at 
 a friend's house, and remaining, one morning, 
 at home, while the rest of the company went 
 abroad upon a pleasure excursion, he repaired 
 to the library. His eye fell on a book, the 
 title of which would scarcely have been more 
 
 * The facts in the text are drawn chiefly from Dr. Skinner's 
 admirable discourse on "The Religious Life of Francis Mar- 
 koe, Esq." 
 
48 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 striking to him, if he had seen it written in 
 characters of Ught on the wall : " The Scho- 
 lar armed against the errors of the times ; 
 or the truth of Christianity demonstrated." 
 
 The latter words, especially, excited the 
 highest interest : The truth of Christianity 
 DEMONSTRATED. The assertion had the effect 
 uj)on him of something at the same time 
 awfully important and perfectly novel. He 
 paused upon it, repeated it to himself, and, 
 pronouncing the last word over and over, 
 soliloquized thus : " Demonstrated ; from tie- 
 wonstro, demonstrare ; is this, indeed, so ? 
 the truth of Christianity demonstrated, shown 
 by unanswerable argument ? Then I ought 
 to be a Christian. I must and will be one." 
 
 Thus saying, he opened the volume and 
 read ; his mind was completely overpowered. 
 " I found the book," he said, '' luminous with 
 truth from beginning to end." It established 
 
FRANCIS MARKOE, THE EARNEST ELDER. 49 
 
 the truth of Christianity as a law, a life in 
 his inner consciousness. From that hour he 
 was a new creature. His friends thought 
 him crazed, but his life j)roved him gloriously 
 changed. 
 
 By a series of remarkable providences he 
 was led to this City, joined the First Church 
 under the pastoral care of Dr. James P. Wil- 
 son, the ablest preacher, perhaps, in America, 
 and grew with astonishing rapidity in know- 
 ledge and in grace. His business leading 
 him to become a resident of the Liberties 
 about the time of Mr. Patterson's installation, 
 he felt constrained, despite the strength of his 
 attachment to Dr. Wilson, to render the feeble 
 church and the new pastor the aid of his pre- 
 sence, experience, knowledge, counsel, labors, 
 prayers.* 
 
 * Mr. Markoe was admitted to the communion of the 
 church on certificate the seventh day of May, 1814, and on 
 
60 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 He entered with entire heartiness into Mr. 
 Patterson's plans, spending in visitation what 
 time of every day he could redeem from busi- 
 ness cares ; giving each night to meetings for 
 social prayer ; stimulating the membership ; 
 leading the eldership ; and approving himself, 
 in every way, an unselfish, laborious, wise, 
 true, efficient worker for Christ.* 
 
 The first result of those activities which 
 the zealous pastor and the earnest elder origi- 
 nated and controlled, was an attendance on 
 the Sabbath services too great for the Church 
 accommodations. The work of erecting gal- 
 
 the fifteenth day of that same month and year was, by Mr. 
 Patterson, ordained an elder and installed into the ofiice. 
 
 * One fact of many illustrates the thoughtful and judicious 
 character of the man. Placing, at his own expense, in the 
 Old Cannon House, a select library for young people, and in- 
 viting them to use it, he met them there once a week, for the 
 double purpose of directing their reading and of giving them 
 Christian counsel. His influence with the young was very 
 great. In later life, he was excelled by few as a Bible-class 
 teacher. 
 
WEEK-NIGHT GATHERINGS. 61 
 
 leries on three sides of the Church, which, 
 before Mr. Patterson's installation had been 
 begun, was hurried forward to completion, 
 and was finished in early July, 1814, at a cost 
 of $1529.20.* 
 
 The opening of these galleries, and the 
 crowding into them of many unaccustomed to 
 attend a place of worship, made demand for 
 still greater activities and yet other plans. 
 The demand was nobly met. Every member 
 of the Church that could be urged into the 
 service became a visitor of the families in the 
 District, and a helper in week-night gather- 
 ings for prayer and exhortation. These week- 
 night services, held wherever the people could 
 be persuaded to attend, and a place for hold- 
 ing them could be gotten, were wonderfully 
 blessed. 
 
 But, in addition to systematic visitations 
 
 * Manuscript records of tlie Board of Trustees. 
 
62 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 and multiplied meetings, an agency was tried, 
 altogether novel, but remarkably effective. 
 Pained by the number of poor children in 
 the District destitute of instruction, and illus- 
 trating his characteristic aptitude for de- 
 vising expedients to do good, Mr. Patterson 
 suggested the gathering of these children 
 into some suitable room on the morning 
 of the Sabbath, before public worship, and 
 the teaching them without cost to read the 
 Scriptures. The suggestion was immediately 
 acted on. At a meeting held on Monday 
 evening, the twenty-fourth day of April, 1815, 
 an association was formed of persons willing 
 to give instruction inirely gratuitous^ and dis- 
 tinctively religious, and, on the Sabbath follow- 
 ing, in the school-room of Mr. White, one of 
 the elders, standing on Coates Street, between 
 the Church and St. John Street, a Sunday- 
 school of more than one hundred children 
 
SUNDAY-SCHOOLS. 53 
 
 was begun. Some opposition was at first en- 
 countered, on the ground that the movement 
 was a desecration of holy time, but the voice 
 of disapproval was soon lost in the shout of 
 achieved success. The Association begun 
 thus is still known among us as " The Union 
 Sabbath School Association of the First 
 Presbyterian Church in the Northern Liber- 
 ties."* 
 
 Amid these busy scenes, the year 1816, that 
 ever-memorable year in the history of this 
 Church, opened. Through the two preceding 
 years, there had been showings of the Divine 
 power in the conversion of souls, and the 
 Church had steadily grown to thrice its ori- 
 
 * This association, instituted 24th April, 1815, obtained from 
 the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, on the fourth day of 
 February, 1817, a charter of incorporation, and, on the sixth 
 day of June, 1840, alterations and amendments of its Consti- 
 tution. 
 
54 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 ginal number, but now the heavens were 
 opened, and the Spirit was poured down as a 
 flood. 
 
 The interest began with the appointment 
 of a prayer-meeting on Monday evenings, 
 for the special purpose of suppHcating re- 
 vival influences.* These meetings became so 
 'thronged and so solemn that additional even- 
 ings in the week were designated, until, at 
 length, every evening was occupied, and 
 preaching services were intermingled with 
 those of prayer. For nearly ninety succes- 
 sive ni'ghts these services were protracted, 
 with some extravagance it may be, but with 
 manifold evidence of a power more than 
 man's. 
 
 * The prayer-meeting begun thus on Monday evening has, 
 every week since, been held, and has always commanded a 
 large attendance. 
 
 In March, 1858, a daily morning prayer-meeting was be- 
 gun and is still continued. May the time never come when 
 these meetings for prayer shall be abandoned ! 
 
FIRST GREA T RE VIVA L. 55 
 
 At the outset, some of the cautious church- 
 members were troubled and perplexed, among 
 whom was Mr. Markoe. He had never wit- 
 nessed, had never imagined such scenes. For 
 a time he was in doubt as to the character of 
 the work. In the subjects of the strange in- 
 fluence there were probably some prominent 
 excesses of feeling and of action; but the 
 fruits of a genuine revival of religion begin- 
 ning to appear in the clear, unquestionable, 
 and strongly marked conversion of many per- 
 sons, he condemned and renounced his hesi- 
 tation. With an honesty and nobleness that 
 became him Avell, he arose in the crowded 
 church, declared the change in his views, and 
 pledged himself, thenceforth, with heart, soul, 
 and strength, to enter into the work.* 
 
 As the general result of this year of re- 
 
 * Dr. Skinner's Discourse on the Religious Life of Francis 
 Markoe, Esq. 
 
56 THE DAYS THAT ARE FAST. 
 
 vival, one hundred and ninety-two persons 
 made profession of faith in Christ, most of 
 whom proved valuable accessions to the 
 Church. One of these persons was a young 
 man, now the eminent Rev. Dr. Tustin, of 
 Washington City; two of them were faithful 
 men whom the Church afterward called to 
 the eldership, Isaac Will and Adam H. 
 Hinkel. 
 
 It is worth the mention, also, that through- 
 out this season of protracted toil and excite- 
 ment, Mr. Patterson had no other aid than 
 that of his own church-members. One of 
 these members, a student of divinity, now the 
 Rev. Dr. Cox, of New York, rendered mate- 
 rial service and gave promise of the distinc- 
 tion which, as preacher and pastor, he subse- 
 quently reached. 
 
 The continuous services of this first great 
 revival closed with the month of April, but 
 
REVIVAL FOLLOWING REVIVAL. 57 
 
 similar services, some part of every year, were 
 thenceforward among Mr. Patterson's favorite 
 modes of labor. His passion for saving souls 
 fomid in the crowds which such scenes called 
 together a powerful stimulus and a grateful 
 satisfaction. His abilitv to conduct and con- 
 trol such meetings was, perhaps, unequalled, 
 and his success in them, through a score of 
 years, vindicated his high estimate of them. 
 He saw revival follow revival. He saw fifty, 
 seventy, ninety persons at one time professing 
 Christ. He saw young converts going every- 
 where throughout the Northern Liberties to 
 visit the poor, to hold prayer-meetings, and to 
 organize Sunday-schools. He saw, at one 
 time, not less than a dozen Sunday-schools 
 and more than forty prayer-meetings, in suc- 
 cessful operation. He saw the number of 
 communicants in his Church rise from fifty- 
 two to eleven hundred. He saw, in the 
 
68 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 twenty-three years of his pastorate, near seven- 
 teen hundred souls assume the vows of Chris- 
 tians. He saw, in numerous remarkable in- 
 stances, that grandest marvel of earth, the 
 impure suddenly abjuring vice, and the rude, 
 the vile, the abject, steadily rising to the 
 gentleness and the goodness which befit the 
 skies. 
 
 But the year 1816 is memorable for the 
 beginning, not more of protracted daily ser- 
 vices in the Church, than of periodic Sabbath 
 services, in summer, on the Commons. In- 
 duced to make the effort by the throngs of 
 Sabbath-breakers in the fields then near his 
 Church, Mr. Patterson continued it through 
 five successive summers, until great changes 
 in the District made the fields somewhat re- 
 mote, and failing health, especially, con- 
 strained him to desist. At each of these 
 services thousands gathered round him, and 
 
FIELD-PREACHING. 59 
 
 heard that Gospel which elsewhere they never 
 heard. From these services to those in the 
 Church, the transition of interested hearers 
 would be easy ; and, abundant evidence exists 
 that many, who became consistent, earnest 
 members, owed their first impressions to the 
 field-preacher's pungent appeals. 
 
 During the revival of 1816, the want of a con- 
 venient Lecture-room was painfully felt. Upon 
 the Church lot, between Second and St. John 
 Streets, stood two frame buildings, rented by 
 teachers of week-day schools, and occasionally 
 used for religious meetings, but both of them 
 small, and one of them so decayed as to be well- 
 nigh untenantable. It was accordingly pro- 
 posed to substitute for them a single building 
 of brick, fronting on Coates Street, thirty-two 
 by fifty-two feet, and three stories high. The 
 first story was to furnish the space for a capa- 
 cious Lecture-room 5 the second and third 
 
GO THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 stories, eligible rooms for week-day and Sun- 
 day-schools. 
 
 After various plans to raise means, it was 
 resolved to issue interestrpaying stock, secured 
 by Corporation property. It was believed that 
 the revenue from the week-day schools would 
 not only pay the interest accruing on this 
 stock, but, in a few years,- create a fund suffi- 
 cient to redeem the stock itself. The stock 
 was issued ; and, although its sale .was insuffi- 
 cient to cover the expense, the building was 
 finished in the summer of 1818, at a cost of 
 $6158.24.* 
 
 That same summer, in the second story 
 room, under control of directors appointed by 
 the Congregation, a school, on the Lancaste- 
 rian plan, was oj)ened with flattering prospect 
 of meeting all expectations in respect to it; 
 
 * Manuscript records of the Board of Trustees. 
 
PECUNIARY EMBARRASSMENT. 61 
 
 but it proved unsuccessful, and, in less than a 
 year, was abandoned. 
 
 Meanwhile, provision must be made for pay- 
 ing the interest and for satisfying such stock- 
 holders as were restless from apprehended 
 difficulty in redeeming the stock. The resort 
 was to loans on bond and mortgage. The 
 liabilities thus created, in addition to liabili- 
 ties before existing, made a debt which, de- 
 spite all effort to extinguish or reduce, slowly, 
 yet steadily increased, and became at length 
 so formidable as to threaten the corporation 
 with financial ruin.* 
 
 * The sources of this debt, so far as can be gathered from 
 the records of the Board of Trustees, were the following : 
 
 1. Pecuniary consideration to the Corporation of Second 
 Presbyterian Church for transfer of property at Second and 
 Coates as per agreement at the separation. 
 
 2. Erection of galleries in the Church. 
 
 3. School-house stock. 
 
 4. Purchase of burial lot on Shackamaxon Street, Kensing- 
 ton. 
 
 5. Pew-rental arrearages, which, accounted good and made 
 the basis of temporary loans, were never realized. 
 
 6 
 
62 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 I need not go into details. It is enough to 
 refer to the matter, and to express an un- 
 qualified admiration, not more of the patience 
 and toil with which, for years, the Trustees 
 addressed themselves to their task, than of 
 the repeated and very signal interpositions 
 of a Divine, heniunant Providence. 
 
 In the spring of 1829, after ten years of 
 ceaseless struggle with embarrassments which 
 every year augmented, it was resolved to dis- 
 pose of the entire property at Second and 
 Coates, and to seek another more westward 
 location. Many reasons cons23ired to urge this. 
 In the quarter of a century since the Church 
 was built, the Liberties had rapidly advanced 
 in population, and Second Street had become 
 a leading thoroughfare of travel and of traffic. 
 The dwelling-houses along Second Street were 
 fast changing into j)laces of business; the 
 families once residing there were occupants of 
 
CHANGE OF LOCATION. 63 
 
 homes in newer sections of the District. 
 Hence, it was judged that from the apprecia- 
 tion in vakie of the Church property, suffi- 
 cient means might be realized, not only to ex- 
 tinguish the debt of the corporation, but also 
 to erect, without debt, a more commodious, 
 more comfortable, more attractive house of 
 worship, on a site more convenient to the 
 majority of worshippers, and, because of re- 
 moteness from the noise and confusion of a 
 crowded street, more suitable to the uses of 
 worship. Besides, the Church edifice at Se- 
 cond and Coates was in such a state of decay, 
 that large exj)enditure in repairs must soon of 
 necessity be made if the Congregation were to 
 remain there. 
 
 The question of remaining or removing was 
 thus under earnest discussion, when a builder 
 proposed "to erect a Meeting-House on a lot 
 of ground situate on the west side of Fifth 
 
64 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Street, between Tammany and Green Streets, 
 containing ninety-six feet front on Old York 
 Road, by one hnndred feet deep." The size 
 of the Church edifice was to be eighty by sixty 
 feet; its plan, that of the edifice then build- 
 ing on the northeast corner of Twelfth and 
 Walnut Streets; its external walls, rough- 
 cast, in imitation of marble ; and its basement 
 story finished for Lecture and Sunday-school 
 rooms. 
 
 The builder engaged to complete the house 
 within two years from the date of signing the 
 contract, and, when completed, to convey it 
 with the ground, clear of all incumbrances, in 
 consideration of the conveyance to him by the 
 corporation, of all their property on Coates 
 Street, between Second and St. John, with 
 whatever incumbrances were on said j)roperty 
 at the date of his proposal. 
 
 The Congregation accepted the terms, and 
 
DIFFERENCE RESPECTING SITE. 05 
 
 the Board of Trustees appointed a committee 
 " to inspect and supervise the building of the 
 Church." It was subsequently ascertained, 
 however, that the builder had made an assign- 
 ment of his property and business, and that 
 the lot where he proposed to build was 
 twenty-one feet six inches less in the rear, 
 and otherwise different from what had been 
 represented. Thereupon, the Congregation 
 rescinded their acceptance of the builder's 
 proposition, and directed the Trustees to sell 
 their property, to discharge the debts of the 
 corporation, to purchase a convenient site for 
 a new Church edifice, and to build one similar 
 to that which had already been agreed on, 
 without delay.* 
 
 But, in selecting the site, such differences 
 of o]3inion arose among the Trustees, as led 
 
 ■^ Manuscript records of tlio I>v)urd of Tru.itGCS. 
 
66 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 ultimately to the building of three houses of 
 worship instead of one ; namely, that in which 
 we are now assembled ; that in Sixth Street, 
 above Green; and that in Coates Street, 
 below Fourth. 
 
 When we recollect that, at the time the 
 question of removal to another site was agi- 
 tated, the communion of this Church num- 
 bered more than one thousand persons, 
 scattered over a large and rapidly growing 
 District, we cannot wonder that Christian 
 men should differ in regard to the best loca- 
 tion of the proposed edifice, or that they 
 should make this difference the honest occa- 
 sion of earnest endeavors to promote Church 
 extension. Previous to this time, two efforts 
 had been made to establish "The Second 
 Presbyterian Church in the Northern Liber- 
 ties;" but, as the first had proved a failure, 
 and the second an indifferent success, other 
 
SECOND CHURCH, NORTHERN LIBERTIES. 67 
 
 efforts were thought to be needed, if not, in- 
 deed, demanded. 
 
 The first effort was made as early as No- 
 vember, 1818, by the Rev. James K. Bmxh, 
 who organized into a Church, with one elder, 
 a number of persons dismissed from the Fifth 
 Presbyteiian Church in the City, and who, in 
 April, 1819, secured from Philadelphia Pres- 
 bytery a recognition of the Church. After 
 a feeble struggle of some two years, the effort 
 was relinquished, and the Church became ex- 
 tinct. 
 
 The second effort, with better promise, was 
 made by one hundred and four persons, peti- 
 tioning Philadelphia Presbytery, in April, 
 1825, to organize a Church. The Presbytery, 
 in granting the prayer, appointed the Rev. 
 Dr. Green and the Rev. Messrs. Patterson and 
 Alexander Henry, a committee to effect the 
 organization, ^^ under such style as may be 
 
68 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 agreed on by the petitioners and the Com- 
 mittee."* In October of that year, the Com- 
 mittee reported to Presbytery that they had 
 "organized a Cliurch, to be known by the 
 name of the Second Presbyterian Church in 
 the Northern Liberties."'}* The Church was 
 taken under care of Presbytery, and pre- 
 sented a call for the pastoral services of Mr. 
 James Smith, a licentiate of the Presbytery 
 of Carlisle. In November following, Mr. 
 Smith Avas ordained and installed, taking the 
 oversight of a little band of twelve communi- 
 cants, and beginning his ministry in Commis- 
 sioners' Hall, Third Street. After five years 
 of exhausting toils, the feeble Church, number- 
 ing twenty communicants, were encouraged to 
 undertake the erection of an edifice in Sixth 
 Street, above Green. They succeeded in 
 putting the house under roof, and in fitting 
 
 * Minutcis of riiiladclpliia Presbytery. f Ibid. 
 
THIRD CHURCH, NORTHERN LIBERTIES. 69 
 
 up the basement for Sabbath worship, when 
 debts, beyond their ability to liquidate, ar- 
 rested the work, and threatened the utter loss 
 of what they had already expended. 
 
 The Second Church were in these trying 
 circumstances, when thirty-eight communi- 
 cants in the First Church, differing from their 
 brethren on the question of church site, and 
 believing that they had an independent work 
 to do for the. Master, asked to be dismissed, 
 that they might constitute "The Third Pres- 
 byterian Church in the Northern Liberties."* 
 Dismissed, and regularly organized into a 
 Church, they met for worship, conducted by 
 the Rev. Hugh M. Koontz, in a school-room 
 back of Mr. John Dickerson's residence. Pop- 
 lar Street, above Second. 
 
 After an interval of some few months, ne- 
 gotiations for union between the Second and 
 
 * Minutes of Session. 
 
70 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Third Churches were begun and consummated. 
 The plan of union involved the junction of 
 the two Churches, under the name of " The 
 First Presbyterian Church of Penn Town- 
 ship;" the completion of the building by the 
 Third Church ; the resignation of the pas- 
 torate of the Second Church by the Eev. 
 Mr. Smith; and the election of the Rev. Mr. 
 Koontz to the pastorate of the united Church. 
 The unfinished building was urged forward to 
 completion; but, before its occupancy by the 
 Congregation, differences unhappily arose, and 
 severed the communion into two nearly equal 
 parts. The one part, by common consent, 
 retained the house, the pastor, and the name; 
 the other part, denominating themselves '^ The 
 Central Presbyterian Church in the Northern 
 Liberties," returned to the school-room on 
 Poplar Street, took instant measures for the 
 erection of a Church edifice on Coates Street, 
 
EXTENSION OF CHURCH INFLUENCE. 71 
 
 below Fourth, and elected to the pastorate the 
 Rev. William H. Burroughs.* 
 
 Thus, at the time this Congregation was 
 about to remove from ground as sacred in the 
 estimation of many as the spot where an- 
 ciently stood the bush that burned yet was 
 not consumed, there sprang into vigorous life 
 two closely related Churches, which, in the 
 term of a single generation, have rendered 
 effective service to the cause of Christ, and 
 which, through coming generations, bid fair 
 to show a like effectiveness. We account 
 their history a part of ours ; we esteem their 
 faith and order, their energy and zeal, their 
 activity and success so many strong incen- 
 tives to yield our covenant God the hearty 
 tribute of praise. 
 
 ■^ The ministry of Mr. Burroughs in the Central Church 
 was very brief. Beginning his labors in Commissioners' 
 Hall, Third Street, he was compelled by hemorrhage to resign 
 his charge before a year had passed, and before tlie completion 
 of the new house of worship. He soon after deceased. 
 
72 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 But, resuming the narrative of events con- 
 nected with the change of Church site, I go on 
 to say that, on the 13th of March, 1832, the 
 Committee having the matter in charge, re- 
 ported to the Board of Trustees that they 
 had "purchased a lot of ground situated on 
 the south side of Buttonwood Street, betAveen 
 Fifth and Sixth Streets, ninety-two feet four 
 inches front on Buttonwood Street by about 
 one hundred and fifty feet deep, for the sum 
 of $8000." On the 8th of May following, 
 the Trustees accepted the proposal of Mr. A. 
 D. Caldwell " to build the Church agreeably to 
 specification," requiring a house similar in size, 
 plan and finish to the edifice at Twelfth and 
 Walnut, for the sum of $11,500, with privilege 
 of using in the new building what material in 
 the old should be found serviceable.* 
 
 * The Trustees composing the Building Committee of the 
 new Church were Messrs. Fenton, Hinkel, Will, Keim, 
 Magee (Hugh S.), and Stout. 
 
NEW CHURCH EDIFICE. 73 
 
 Soon the old Church, endeared to thou- 
 sands by many tender recollections, and sig- 
 nalized by repeated, extraordinary effusions 
 of the Holy Spirit, disappeared from view, 
 and the new Church, on another and compa- 
 ratively remote site, began to rise. Until the 
 opening of the Lecture-room in the new 
 Church, on Sabbath, the sixteenth day of 
 December, 1832, the Congregation worshipped 
 in their Lecture-room on Coates Street.* 
 
 As an illustration of what the locality 
 where we now are was, thirty years ago, it 
 may be mentioned that Buttonwood Street, 
 late Buttonwood Lane, had neither pavements 
 
 * The building erected in the year 1818 for Lecture and 
 School-rooms, is still standing. After its sale, it was appro- 
 priated to various uses : sometimes to business needs ; some- 
 times to Sunday-school purposes ; and sometimes to theatrical 
 shows. It is now used for ware-rooms. It is related that a 
 theatre manager, losing a fortune in the vain effort to make 
 the Lecture-room an attractive place of amusement, aban- 
 doned it, saying, "Too much prayer had been made in it to 
 allow its successful conversion into a playhouse." 
 
 7 
 
74 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 upon it nor water-pipes beneath it.* Before 
 the Church, were oj)en lots ; behind it, were 
 grave-yards, entered from Noble Street. 
 
 The audience-room of the Church edifice 
 was opened for Divine worship on Sabbath, 
 12tli May, 1833. The service of dedication 
 was wholly performed by Mr. Patterson, and 
 was one of unusual solemnity.-}- A very large 
 
 * Manuscript records of tlie Board of Trustees. 
 
 f In the ''PMladelphian" of 16th May, 1833, "A Stranger" 
 gives his impressions of the nev/ church edifice and of the 
 opening service, thus : 
 
 "The house is most pleasantly located, having some open 
 space on each side, so that they can never be deprived of a 
 good current of air. The interior of the house is partly ori- 
 ginal, ditfering from anything I have ever seen. The centre- 
 piece of the ceiling (from which is suspended an elegant chan- 
 delier) is a most beautiful design, and greatly improves the 
 appearance of the house. The pulpit is mahogany, and alto- 
 gether different from anything of the kind I have ever seen. 
 Its lamps are of an entirely new pattern and very rich. In- 
 deed, as I at first intimated, the whole appearance is that of 
 neatness, convenience, and comfort. The Kev. Mr. Patterson 
 performed his part with much solemnity and propriety. His 
 subject was verj^ fitly chosen, and appeared to give great satis- 
 faction to a large and attentive audience." 
 
DEDICATION. 75 
 
 Congregation crowded the house in every part 
 and manifested a profound sense of the Divine 
 Presence. It was an occasion of special inte- 
 rest to Mr. Patterson himself, for, before the 
 completion of the house, and whilst the Con- 
 gregation were worshipping in the Lecture- 
 room, a revival of great power had conse- 
 crated, as his devout mind felt, the very 
 beams in the wall to the worship of Jehovah. 
 Nor may we doubt that the glory of the Lord, 
 if not visibly, was really present. That glory, 
 filling then the house, has at no time since 
 departed. What multitudes within these 
 walls have turned from sin to holiness, from 
 death to life ! What multitudes have here 
 found a Bethel ! What multitudes have gone 
 from the assembly here " to the General As- 
 sembly and Church of the first born which 
 are written in Heaven !" 
 
 But the labors of the honored pastor who 
 
76 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 came with the flock into this fold, and who 
 here, as everywhere, ^^ ceased not to warn 
 every one, night and day, with tears," were 
 drawing to a close. For three and a half 
 years he stood in this pulpit, and then " was 
 not, for God took him." He died as gently 
 as an infant sinks to sleep in its mother's 
 arms, Friday morning, November 17, 1837, 
 in the fifty-ninth year of his age, the twenty- 
 ninth of his ministry, and the twenty-fourth 
 of his pastorate in this Congregation. 
 
 His death awakened general interest 
 throughout the City. Fifty clergymen, and 
 from eight to ten thousand people, came to his 
 burial, on the Tuesday following his decease. 
 This house, draped with black, was literally 
 a place of weeping. In the solemn funeral 
 service, the Rev. Dr. Brainerd read the nine- 
 tieth Psalm; the Rev. Albert Barnes gave 
 out the hymn beginning "Hear what the 
 
FIRST PASTORS DEATH. 77 
 
 voice from Heaven proclaims;" the Rev. John 
 L. Grant made the address, outlining the 
 character of the deceased, and detailing the 
 events of his life ; and the Rev. Albert Jud- 
 son offered prayer. 
 
 At the close of the service, when the body 
 was placed in the vestibule, and the pale, cold 
 features of the man of God were uncovered 
 for the last time, before the grave should hide 
 them forever, the numbers passing his coffin 
 were so great that darkness came to arrest the 
 interment. His remains, through the night, 
 were guarded by Church officers; and, at sun- 
 rise the next day, were reverently laid down 
 in the vault built expressly for them. 
 
 On the Sabbath following his burial, a ser- 
 mon, commemorative of the godly man and 
 the faithful minister, was preached in this 
 house, by the Rev. Albert Barnes.- 
 
 In reviewing the ministry of Mr. Patterson, 
 
78 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 we are struck by its ascertained results. How 
 few the men who have ever made his record : 
 near seventeen hundred communicants in 
 twenty-three years, added to a single pastoral 
 charge, or an average of seventy-four a year ; 
 sixty young men introduced into the ministry ; 
 thousands of children instructed gratuitously 
 in Sunday-schools ; tens of thousands of im- 
 mortal ones warned, counselled, exhorted, en- 
 treated, in the fields, in the streets, in the 
 places of prayer. 
 
 Nor were the results of his ministry con- 
 fined to a purely spiritual realm. Mr. Pat- 
 terson did more for the material prosperity of 
 the Northern Liberties, as the Rev. George 
 Chandler did for Kensington,* than any score 
 
 * The Kev. George Chandler was installed pastor of Ken- 
 sington First Church, loth November, 1815. He began his 
 work, with a feeble society of nine communicants, in a small 
 building on Palmer Street ; he ended it, after forty-five years 
 of successful labor, by introducing near one thousand church- 
 
FIRST PASTORS MINISTRY. 79 
 
 of men who ever resided in the District. 
 He caused, under God, a revolution in the 
 social and religious condition of the people. 
 Arousing intelligence, stimulating thought, 
 quickening conscience, prompting industry, 
 elevating effort, securing thrift, he infused a 
 new life into a vast community, and brought 
 competence and comfort to multitudes.* 
 
 members into a new, large, and tasteful house of worship on 
 Grirard Avenue. Between himself and Mr. Patterson a strong 
 sympathy existed. Each lived to promote revivals ; each, in 
 his District, wielded influences pre-eminently formative ; each 
 achieved results which, in material and moral grandeur, have 
 seldom been surpassed by individual eftort. 
 
 * Among Mr. Patterson's numerous plans of promoting in- 
 telligence and worth of character was that of a "Religious 
 Reading Society." The Constitution of this Society, now in 
 my possession, provides that its otficers "shall be male com- 
 municating members in the First Presbyterian Church in the 
 Northern Liberties, of Philadelphia;" that its members shall 
 be all who will pay annually, in aid of its funds, one dollar 
 each ; and that its funds shall be invested in such books, pe- 
 riodicals, and papers as the Society may elect. Among the 
 papers ordered, as appears from the Society's minutes, I 
 notice the Boston Panoplist, the Boston Recorder, the New 
 
80 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 If the dwellers in the Liberties should rear 
 to his memory a monument of brass or mar- 
 ble, as the dwellers in Kensington have reared 
 a monument to the memory of Mr. Chandler, 
 they would honor not so much him as them- 
 selves. His monument is the District itself; 
 his memorial, what we see now in contrast 
 with what he saw, fifty years ago. Through 
 agencies which he devised and directed, an 
 insignificant, unattractive, undesirable suburb 
 has become a fair, free, favored City. 
 
 After an interval of a year, the pastorate 
 of this Church was filled by the Eev. Daniel 
 Lynn Carroll, D.D., who at a congregational 
 meeting held Monday, 23d July, 1838, was 
 unanimously elected, and by Philadelphia 
 Third Presbytery, on Thursday evening, the 
 
 Haven Religious Intelligencer ; among the books purchased, 
 Buck's Theological Dictionary and Brown's Dictionary of the 
 Bible. Mr. Patterson was its president and William H. Cow- 
 perthwait its secretary. It was begun in 1818. 
 
SECOND PASTOR: INSTALLATION. 81 
 
 first day of November following, was duly in- 
 stalled. At the service of installation, the 
 Rev. Eliakim Phelps presided, and proposed 
 the constitutional questions ; the Kev. Wil- 
 liam Sterling preached the sermon ; the Rev. 
 Thomas T. Waterman delivered the charge to 
 the pastor; and the Rev. Anson Rood the 
 charge to the people.* The occasion is de- 
 scribed as one of deep and solemn interest. 
 
 Dr. Carroll, at the time of his installation, 
 was in the forty-second year of his age.t 
 Born on the tenth of May, 1797, in Fayette 
 County, Pennsylvania, he was, like his la- 
 mented predecessor, Mr. Patterson, a son of 
 
 * Of the ministers officiating in the service of installation, 
 the Eev. E. Phelps was Secretary of the Philadelphia Educa- 
 tion Society ; the Rev. William Sterling was pastor of Read- 
 ing First Church; the Rev. Thomas T. Waterman was pastor 
 of Philadelphia Fifth Church, Arch above Tenth; and the 
 Rev. Anson Rood was pastor of the ISTorthern Liberties Cen- 
 tral Church. 
 
 f The facts in Dr. Carroll's Life are gleaned from Sprague's 
 Annals, chiefly. 
 
82 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Scotch-Irish, Presbyterian parents ; an earn- 
 est Christian while yet a youth ; and an ho- 
 nored Alumnus of Jefferson College, where 
 he graduated in the year 1823. 
 
 His earliest as|)irations, which change of 
 heart but strengthened, were for the pulpit; 
 and, after his graduation from College, he en- 
 tered the Theological Seminary at Princeton, 
 went through the whole course of three years, 
 and tarried there for study six months longer. 
 Licensed to preach the Gospel by the Presby- 
 tery of New Brunswick, Friday, 6 th October, 
 1826, he spent some time in missionary work; 
 but, receiving a unanimous call to Litchfield, 
 Conn., he was ordained and installed in the 
 month of October, 1827. 
 
 His health, however, was unequal to the 
 rigor of the climate and the labor of his pas- 
 torate. He was compelled to resign his charge, 
 and, amidst the regrets of an attached people, 
 
SECOND PASTOR: EARLIER LIFE. 83 
 
 was dismissed the fourth day of March, 1829. 
 He was immediately called to the First Pres- 
 byterian Church in Brooklyn, where, with 
 great acceptance and usefulness, he labored 
 till June, 1835, when a threatening affection 
 of his throat constrained him to retire for a 
 time from the pastoral work. 
 
 He was, soon after, invited to the Presi- 
 dency of Hampden Sidney College, in Virgi- 
 nia, and was inducted into office in the month 
 of September following. About this time, he 
 received from the University of New York 
 City the honorary degree of Doctor of Divi- 
 nity. His connection with the College lasted 
 three years, or until his return to the active 
 duties of the ministry, by accepting the call 
 from this Church, in the autumn of 1838. 
 
 Dr. Carroll was largely endowed by nature 
 and grace with the qualities which give suc- 
 cess to the preacher and pastor. In person 
 
84 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 he was tall, slender, yet symmetrically formed. 
 He had a complexion rather dark ; an eye 
 singularly fine and expressive ; a countenance 
 that easily took on a winning smile, or 
 brightened into a glow of animation ; and a 
 voice, withal, of great compass and melody, 
 modulated ever with an exquisite taste. In 
 manners he was uncommonly bland, graceful, 
 fascinating. He had the rare faculty of 
 making himself equally agreeable to people of 
 all ages and of all ranks. 
 
 In native intellect and studious culture, he 
 was undoubtedly superior to most men. He 
 had in ample measure the intuitive power of 
 reason, and the imperial power of imagi- 
 nation. In College and in Seminary he stu- 
 died hard, too hard, indeed, for his physical 
 strength, yet so successfully as to gift the 
 workings of his mind with a prodigious force. 
 
 In sensibility, moreover, he was quick. 
 
SECOND PASTOR: QUALIFICATIONS. 85 
 
 subtle, strong. He had a nervous organiza- 
 tion, which, perhaps, was too highly strung 
 for the world's rough ways, but which made 
 him keenly susceptible of affection, and en- 
 thusiastically ardent in attachment. 
 
 He was, too, in executive talent, a more 
 than ordinary man. He had the disposition 
 as well as the ability to labor. He wrought 
 his sermons with painstaking fidelity, and 
 with disciplined skill. He gave himself to 
 the work of the ministry with a zeal and self- 
 forgetfulness that revealed not more the sense 
 of religious responsibility than the spirit of 
 indomitable energy. 
 
 And all these qualities, native and acquired, 
 were under the control of a profoundly scrip- 
 tural and eminently conservative piety. He 
 loved truth, and sought it ever with an inex- 
 tinguishable thirst. He loved the souls of 
 men, and, so long as strength lasted, sought 
 
 8 
 
86 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST . 
 
 their salvation with an indefatigable earnest- 
 ness. He was, in a word, a noble example of 
 the Christian man and the cultivated minister. 
 
 Dr. Carroll began his ministry here in cii 
 cumstances different from those which sur- 
 rounded Mr. Patterson, but scarcely less em- 
 barrassing. Mr. Patterson came to Philadel- 
 phia when the gloom of war and the strife of 
 politics filled the very air with darkness and 
 distrust; Dr. Carroll came to Philadelphia 
 when ecclesiastical conflicts of long continu- 
 ance were just culminating in the disruption of 
 the great Presbyterian body. The few Presby- 
 terian Churches which Mr. Patterson found in 
 Philadelphia had, during his life, grown five- 
 fold, but their growth in number and strength 
 had only added to the breadth and bitterness 
 of the contest which Dr. Carroll encountered. 
 
 I have no purpose and no heart to sketch 
 the contentions of those sad times, when two 
 
SECOND PASTOR: EMBARRASSMENTS. 87 
 
 denominations were eliminating their elements 
 from the fragments of Christ's rent body, but 
 I simply design to state, in a sentence, as 
 matter of history. Dr. Carroll's position. Be- 
 lie vinsr that the so-called New School were 
 substantially right in the questions at issue, 
 and sympathizing in this with the first pastor 
 of this Church, he fully espoused and firmly 
 maintained their cause. What embarrass- 
 ments such position subjected him to we may 
 well imagine, when remembering that Phila- 
 delphia had been, for years, the scene of the 
 strife, and was, in 1838, the forum in which 
 the legal right of every Presbyterian Congre- 
 gation in the land, to hold and use its own 
 house of worship, was about to receive judicial 
 determination.* 
 
 * In October, 1838, the great Presbyterian Church case was 
 pending in the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania for the East- 
 ern District. The Hon. James Todd, the first on the list of 
 relators in this case, was a member of the Church over which 
 
88 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 But ecclesiastical embarrassments were not 
 the chief ones confronting Dr. Carroll at the 
 time of his installation. There are here to- 
 day those who recall with painful memories 
 the great monetary crash of 1837, and the 
 consequent fearful prostration of all industrial 
 interests. The business of the whole country, 
 enormously expanded by reckless S23eculation 
 and excessive overtrading, was so seriously 
 deranged by sudden contractions and expan- 
 sions of the currency, as to be brought, in the 
 moment of collapse and panic, to the verge of 
 utter ruin. Fortunes were lost in a day. 
 Families sank from competence and comfort 
 to destitution and distress. 
 
 Dr. Carroll was installed. The trial of the case began, 4th 
 March, 1839, before Hon. Molton C. Kogers, at Nisi Prius, 
 and a special jury ; it occupied tAyonty days. For full parti- 
 culars, see McElroy's Report and Dr. Judd's History of the 
 Division of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of 
 America. 
 
SECOND PASTOR: EMBARRASSMENTS. 89 
 
 By such a wide-spread social convulsion, 
 all Congregations were, of necessity, much 
 affected ; but this Congregation, for the second 
 time in its history, was well-nigh wrecked. 
 It will be remembered that when the re- 
 moval from Second and Coates to some other 
 locality was agitated, it was believed and 
 hoped that thus all financial difficulties would 
 be easily surmounted. But when the removal 
 was actually effected, through various causes, 
 chief among which was the failure to realize 
 from the sale of the Church property what 
 had been confidently expected, this desirable 
 result was not reached. A debt, not so large, 
 indeed, as the old one, but quite too large for 
 troublous times, was, with the Congregation 
 itself, transferred to the new house of worship. 
 This debt was not embarrassing so long as 
 money could be readily borrowed; but when, 
 as in 1838, no money at all could be borrowed, 
 
 8* 
 
9 J THE DATS THAT ARE PAST 
 
 and the payment of what had been previously 
 loaned was peremptorily demanded, it became 
 a burden, mountain-like in weight. 
 
 How the corporation survived the pressure 
 is matter of marvel. A benignant Providence 
 revealed itself,' once more, in signal interpo- 
 sition. Unexpected sources of relief were 
 opened; energetic measures were adopted; 
 and, after a time of struggle and suspense, 
 the crisis of peril was safely passed. 
 
 Dr. Carroll's pastorate, beginning thus in 
 embarrassment, had yet in progress very ma- 
 nifest tokens of Divine favor. Every year, 
 valuable accessions were made to the commu- 
 nion, both on profession and on certificate. 
 The years 1840 and 1843 were years of re- 
 vival. In 1840, sixty-four persons professed 
 publicly their faith in Christ; in 1843, se- 
 venty. The whole number of additions to 
 the Church during his ministry was two hun- 
 
ENDING OF PASTORATE. 91 
 
 dred and iiftj-nine, or an average of forty- 
 eight a year. 
 
 Dr. Carroll's pastorate proved to be a brief 
 one. Beginning in October, 1838, and ending 
 in February, 1844, it extended only through 
 five years and four months. Feeble health, 
 which not infrequently before had arrested 
 him in the work of the ministry, came again 
 to do its office. He struggled with it bravely, 
 but vainly. Finding it impossible to meet 
 the requisitions of his charge, he asked the 
 Congregation to unite with him in requesting 
 Presbytery to dissolve the pastoral relation. 
 With great reluctance and strong expressions 
 of attachment, the Congregation yielded to 
 his desire ; and, at a called meeting of Phila- 
 delphia Third Presbytery, held in the Lec- 
 ture-room of this Church, on the ninth day of 
 February, 1844, he was released from the 
 connection.* 
 
 * Kecords of Philadelphia Third Presbytery. 
 
 ■) 
 
92 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Dr. Carroll's pastorate in this Church was 
 his last. The remainder of his life, a period 
 of seven years and ten months, was a pro- 
 tracted scene of progressive bodily decay. 
 He filled for a time the office of Secretary of 
 the New York State Colonization Society, and 
 subsequently edited two volumes of his own 
 sermons, permanent memorials of his intellec- 
 tual culture, his generous, Christian sympa- 
 thy, and his real, undoubted power in the 
 pulj)it. 
 
 His latest days were spent in this City. 
 Confined entirely to his house five months 
 before his change came, he marked the gra- 
 dual approach of death with the utmost se- 
 renity. In reply to inquiries respecting his 
 spiritual prospects, he uniformly said, " Christ 
 is all my hope." 
 
 The night preceding his decease, his physi- 
 cian telling him that he could not long sur- 
 
 r 
 
DEATH. 93 
 
 vive, he called for a paper containing a cove- 
 nant with God, which he wrote and signed in 
 his youth ; but as, at the moment, it could 
 not be found, he repeated it from memory, and 
 then prayed aloud, for near half an hour, 
 with touching earnestness and fervor. After 
 his prayer, he spoke of the night as that of 
 Saturday, and expressed a desire to see the 
 light of another Sabbath. His wish was 
 granted. He saw the dawn of Sabbath, the 
 twenty-third November, 1851, broaden into 
 day; and, blessing God for His goodness, he 
 yielded up his life in the fifty-fifth year of his 
 age. 
 
 On the afternoon of the following Tuesday, 
 before the removal of his remains to Brook- 
 lyn, his brethren of difierent denominations 
 conducted, at the house where he had died, a 
 touching burial service. The Rev. Henry G. 
 Livingston, of the Reformed Dutch Church, 
 
94 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 offered prayer; the Rev. John Chambers, of 
 the First Independent Presbyterian Church, 
 read the fourteenth chapter of John's Gospel ; 
 the Rev. Drs. Brainerd and Patton made ad- 
 dresses ; the Rev. Dr. Wadsworth, of the other 
 branch of the Presbyterian Church, offered 
 the concluding prayer ; and the Rev. Dr. Ide, 
 of the First Baptist Church, pronounced the 
 benediction. Removed to Brooklyn, his body 
 was first borne to the Church of which he 
 had been pastor, where, on Wednesday, ap- 
 proj^riate funeral services were held, and then 
 was borne to its final resting-place in Green- 
 wood Cemetery. 
 
 The third pastor of this Church was the 
 Rev. Ezra Stiles Ely, D.D. Elected at a 
 congregational meeting, held 18th April, 
 1844, two months after Dr. Carroll was con- 
 strained to retire, he entered at once upon his 
 
THIRD PASTOR: INSTALLATION. 95 
 
 labors. He was received into Philadelphia 
 Third Presbytery, Tuesday, the seventh day 
 of October, 1845, and was installed the Sab- 
 bath evening following. In the installation 
 service, the Rev. Elias J. Eichards presided, 
 and proposed the constitutional questions ; 
 the Rev. Joel Parker, D.D., preached the ser- 
 mon ; the Rev. John L. Grant delivered the 
 charge to the pastor; the Rev. Anson Rood, 
 the charge to the people ; and the Rev. John 
 McKnight offered the closing prayer. 
 
 At the time of his installation he was in 
 the sixtieth year of his age, and the fortieth 
 of his ministry."^' Born in Lebanon, Conn., 
 13th June, 1786, of eminently pious parents, 
 his father the honored pastor of Lebanon, he 
 was converted, as he ever thought, when nine 
 
 * The facts in Dr. Ely's life are gathered from varied, yet 
 reliable sources. Special acknowledgments are due to Mrs. 
 Ely, who, from memoranda in her possession, kindly aided in 
 verifying what else would have been in doubt. 
 
96 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 years old, and was admitted to the communion 
 of the Church when turned of twelve. Gra- 
 duating from Yale College at the age of 
 eighteen, he studied Theology under the di- 
 rection of his venerated father ; was licensed 
 to preach the Gospel by the Congregational 
 Association of Windham, Conn., on the twelfth 
 day of December, 1804 ; was called to the 
 pastorate of Westchester parish, town of Col- 
 chester, Conn., and was installed there on the 
 first day of October, 1806. 
 
 After laboring three and a half years in 
 Westchester, he accepted, in the spring of 
 1810, a call to the ofi&ce of stated preacher to 
 the Hospital and Almshouse in the City of 
 New York. Here he spent three years, re- 
 cording his experiences in a book which he 
 published under the title of " Ely's Journal," 
 and which was republished in England, under 
 the title of " Visits of Mercy." 
 
THIRD PASTOR: EARLIER LIFE. 97 
 
 On the seventh day of June, 1813, he was 
 invited by the Third Church and Congrega- 
 tion of this City to preach as a probationer 
 for three months. He accepted the invitation; 
 was elected to the pastorate on Monday, the 
 eleventh day of October, 1813; and, after a 
 tedious and very famous ecclesiastical contest, 
 was duly installed on the seventh day of Sep- 
 tember, in the year 1814. 
 
 He remained in the pastorate of the Third 
 Church twenty-one years, when he resigned 
 it to aid in person the establishment of a Col- 
 lege and Theological Seminary in the State of 
 Missouri. The enterprise was a noble concep- 
 tion, and, for a time, had promise of success, 
 but went down at length, into that financial 
 vortex which, opening in 1837, engulfed so 
 many private fortunes and public projects. 
 Dr. Ely's own means were invested in the 
 scheme, and were lost in the common wreck. 
 
 9 
 
98 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Returning to this City about the time the 
 pulpit of this Church was dechared vacant, he 
 accepted the call which the Congregation gave 
 him, and, with the energy and zeal of a young 
 man, began his ministry. 
 
 Dr. Ely was a most remarkable man. 
 Among the numerous able ministers of his 
 own denomination he had, when at his prime, 
 few superiors in talent, eloquence, position, in- 
 fluence, power. He was a born orator. His 
 personal appearance, to the very close of his 
 pulpit ministrations, was singularly fine ; his 
 voice, full, sonorous, clear; his enunciation, 
 exact, deliberate, distinct; his manner, natu- 
 ral, graceful, easy ; his memory as marvel- 
 lously accurate as minutely comprehensive ; 
 whilst his power of logical analysis, his 
 breadth of mental range, his extraordinary 
 affluence of language, and his perfect self- 
 possession, were well-nigh unrivalled. Had 
 
THIRD PASTOR: QUALIFICATIONS. 99 
 
 he possessed imagination in proportion to his 
 other intellectual endowments, he would have 
 taken rank with the great orators of the world. 
 
 In theological attainment, he held a high 
 place. Entering thoroughly into the contro- 
 versies which thirty years ago convulsed the 
 Presbyterian Church, and finally disrupted it, 
 he approved himself, in print and on the floor 
 of the General Assembly, an unquestionably 
 skilful defender of what he held to be Gospel 
 truth and Church order. 
 
 The Stated Clerk of the General Assembly 
 for eleven years ; the Moderator of the As- 
 sembly in the year 1828 ; the pastor for a score 
 of years of one of the largest Churches in the 
 whole Presbyterian denomination ; the actual 
 possessor and the generous steward of vast 
 wealth; the elegant dispenser of profuse hos- 
 pitalities; the genial companion; the culti- 
 vated gentleman ; the ready writer; the fluent 
 
100 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST 
 
 speaker ; the popular preacher ; and, withal, 
 the bright, cheerful, trusting. Christian man; 
 Dr. Ely, in his first pastorate in this City, oc- 
 cupied as much of the attention of the com- 
 munity as any minister in Philadelphia, or, 
 perhaps, in the entire country.* 
 
 * It is scarcely possible to overstate Dr. Ely's activity, hos- 
 pitality, charity, enterprise, enlightened Christian zeal, and 
 large-hearted public spirit. In private benefactions he gave 
 away a fortune ; to every scheme that promised to promote 
 the welfare of men he rendered an unselfish aid. His timely 
 assistance of the Jefferson Medical School of Philadelphia 
 when struggling for. life, is well known, and is a good illus- 
 tration of his large and liberal sentiments. Dr. Gayley, in 
 his " History of Jefferson Medical College," tells the story 
 substantially thus : 
 
 "It now became evident that for the College to succeed, a 
 more eligible location and a more commodious building were 
 necessary ; on this point, both the faculty and trustees were 
 unanimous. But where were they to get the funds ? The 
 institution had no endowment ; the faculty, though gifted 
 with energy, talent, and enthusiasm, possessed little wealth ; 
 the trustees, though desirous of the prosperity of the College, 
 yet hesitated to assume the responsibility of purchasing a lot 
 and erecting thereon a suitable edifice ; whilst the number of 
 students and the revenue from fees were anything else than 
 
THIRD PASTOR: MINISTRY. 101 
 
 It is strong proof of Dr. Ely's devotion to 
 the work of the ministry, and of his manly 
 elasticity of spirit, that, when his cherished 
 plans in the West were dashed, and his private 
 fortune hopelessly lost, he was not unwilling 
 to return to this City, the scene of past great- 
 ness, and to undertake, on the verge of three- 
 score, a laborious pastoral charge. 
 
 With what fidelity and toil he met the re- 
 quisitions of his office, I need not say. He 
 stood in his place, year after year, unconscious, 
 
 promising. The only collaterals the infant institution could 
 produce were the untiring industry of her new and only par- 
 tially tried professors and their sanguine confidence of future 
 success. Such an investment no mere stoical money-lender 
 would look at. A man was needed who, while possessed of 
 the money, had the mental elevation to rise above the calcu- 
 lations of the mere man of money, and the mental ability to 
 estimate properly what force of character, a determined will, 
 and a manly enthusiasm in carrying out a praiseworthy pur- 
 pose can accomplish. Such a man was found in the Eev. Ezra 
 Stiles Ely, D.D., a member of the Board of Trustees, and who, 
 at a meeting of the Board, held March 22, 1827, assumed the 
 responsibility of erecting a suitable building for the College." 
 
 9- 
 
102 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 seemingly, that time and trial had been laying 
 burdens on him. " His eye was not dim, nor 
 his natural force abated," when suddenly, at 
 seven o'clock, on the morning of Saturday, the 
 twenty-third day of August, 1851, paralysis, 
 that mighty agent of a mysterious Providence, 
 brought his ministry, but not his life, to ab- 
 rupt ending. He lived nearly ten j^ears longer, 
 but never regained the jDower of intelligible 
 speech. On the fifteenth day of April, 1852, 
 nine months after his attack, and when it was 
 evident that he could never again discharge 
 the duties of the pastorate, he was released by 
 Philadelphia Fourth Presbytery from the re- 
 sponsibilities of the office. 
 
 But his attachment to this house, and to 
 the Congregation worshipping in it, never 
 abated. So long as he w^as able to go abroad, 
 he would walk, on Sabbath mornings, a silent, 
 venerable man, to this holy house, and, ascend- 
 
THIRD PASTOR: CLOSING DAYS. 103 
 
 ing the pulpit, a half hour, not infrequently, 
 before the service began, would sit in the 
 posture of profound devotion; and, when I 
 entered, he would rise to offer his hand, with 
 all the cordiality of a father, and with that 
 peculiar grace which marks the Christian 
 gentleman. In the time of prayer, he would 
 stand beside me and, when prayer was ended, 
 would utter his miieii in the single word " God," 
 occasionally extended to " God over all." 
 
 This, for two years and more, was his uni- 
 form custom; and, when unable to worship 
 with us on Sabbath mornings, he would come 
 to our services of communion, sitting in 
 dignified silence beside the table where the 
 emblems of his dear Lord's passion lay. At 
 such times, one who noted him could not but 
 be struck with the still brightness of his face, 
 and the mute eloquence of his eye. 
 
104 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 But at length lie fliilecl from all.* Never 
 leaving his home, but always meeting with 
 smiles the friends that sought him, he slowly 
 yielded to the progress of decay, breathing his 
 last on the morning of Monday, the seven- 
 teenth day of June, 1861, and the fourth day 
 past his seventy-fifth birthday. His funeral, 
 the Thursday following, was attended, in this 
 Church, by many of his brethren, and a large 
 concourse of his former parishioners. 
 
 In the orderings of Providence, I had been 
 called from the City before his death, and was 
 not permitted to return in season for his fu- 
 neral. The Rev. Dr. Patton read the Scrij)- 
 tures; the Rev. John Chambers, of the First 
 Independent Presbyterian Church, offered 
 prayer; the Rev. Dr. Malin read a carefully 
 
 * His last appearance in the house of God, where for eight 
 years he had ministered, was at the communion on the after- 
 noon of Sahbath, the first day of November, 1857. 
 
THIRD PASTOR: FUNERAL. 105 
 
 prepared sketch of his life ; the Eev. Albert 
 Barnes paid a touching tribute to his. memory; 
 and the Rev. Dr. Steele, of the other branch 
 of the Presbyterian Church, offered the closing 
 prayer. Then, when the Congregation had 
 defiled by the coffin to look upon his face for 
 the last time, his body was borne to the pas- 
 tor's vault, and was laid to rest near the dust 
 of the first pastor. 
 
 Dr. Ely's pastorate, including the eighteen 
 months he supplied the pulpit as pastor elect, 
 ran through eight full years. Few incidents 
 beyond the ordinary ones of stated ministra- 
 tions, in the pulpit, by the bedside, and at 
 the grave, are embraced in the history of 
 these years. The year 1847 saw the hand- 
 some iron fence in front of the Church edifice 
 replace the wooden one which for fifteen 
 years had stood there, and the year 1851 wit- 
 nessed extensive repairs to the Church edifice 
 
106 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 itself. The year 1848 was pre-eminently the 
 year of revival, eighty-six persons during the 
 year making j^ublic profession of faith in 
 Christ. The whole number of additions to 
 the Church in the eight years of Dr. Ely's 
 ministry was two hundred and twenty-two, 
 or a yearly average of twenty-eight. 
 
 An interval of something more than six 
 months lay between the ending of Dr. Ely's 
 pastorate and the beginning of my own, the 
 FOURTH in the half century past. The call 
 to me was voted by the Congregation at a 
 meeting held the fourth day of June, 1852, 
 and was laid, with leave of Philadelphia 
 Fourth Presbytery, by Commissioners ap- 
 pointed for the purpose, before the Presbytery 
 of the District of Columbia, of which I was a 
 member, in the City of Washington, Thurs- 
 day, the sixteenth day of September follow- 
 
FOURTH PASTOR: INSTALLATION. 107 
 
 ing. After hearing the case, Presbytery 
 placed the call in my hands, and, upon ex- 
 pression of my willingness to accept it, dis- 
 solved my connection with the Church in 
 Maryland, where for nine years I had labored, 
 and transferred me to the Presbytery having 
 oversight of this Church. 
 
 I began my ministry here, in feeble health 
 and depressed by doubt, on Sabbath, the third 
 day of October, 1852 ; was received by Phi- 
 ladelphia Fourth Presbytery the Wednesday 
 following; and, on the evening of Tuesday, 
 the second day of November next, was for- 
 mally installed into the pastorate. At the 
 service of installation, the Rev. George Duf- 
 field, Jr., Moderator of Presbytery, presided, 
 preaching the sermon and proposing the con- 
 stitutional questions; the Rev. John Cham- 
 bers delivered the charge to the pastor ; and 
 
108 
 
 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST 
 
 the Rev. William Ramsey, the charge to the 
 people.* 
 
 -Sabbath, 4tli Dec, 1830. 
 
 * Embarrassed often in preparing this Discourse, by want 
 of accurate information as to dates, I place on record here, for 
 the relief of any one who may undertake to write the second 
 half-century history of this Church, the leading dates of my 
 life : 
 
 Born, in Clarke County, Va. . . Saturday, 25th April, 1818. 
 
 Admitted to' the Communion^ 
 
 of the Presbyterian Church, 
 
 Winchester, Va., Kev. Wm. 
 
 Hill, D.D., pastor. 
 
 Graduated from Columbian^ 
 
 College, Washington City, [ Wednesday, 2d Oct. 1839. 
 D.C. J 
 
 Graduated from Union Theo- "^ 
 logical Seminary, New York j- Wednesday , 28th June, 1843. 
 City. J 
 
 Licensed to preach the Gospel ^ 
 by the Presbytery of the Dis- 
 trict of Columbia, in the 4th '[- 
 Presbyterian Church, Wash- 
 ington City, D.C. 
 
 Ordained, sme t'ltulo, by the 
 Presbytery of tlie District of 
 Columbia, in Lisbon, Howard 
 County, Maryland. 
 
 Thursday Evening, 13th 
 July, 1843. 
 
 Thursday, 5th Oct. 1843. 
 
FOURTH PASTOR: ELEVEN YEARS' WORK. 109 
 
 In the twelfth year of my pastorate to-day, 
 I am impressed by the thought that I have 
 
 In the service of Ordination, the 
 
 Kev. James Knox, Moderator 
 
 of Presbytery, presided; the 
 
 Kev. William McLain, D.D., 
 
 preached the sermon ; and the 
 
 Eev. James Gr. Hamner, D.D., 
 
 delivered the charge to the 
 
 Evangelist. 
 Installed into the pastorate 
 
 of Harmony Presbyterian 
 
 Church, Lisbon, Md., by a {-Wednesday, 8th May, 1844. 
 
 Conimittee of the Presbytery 
 
 of the District of Columbia. 
 In the service of Installation, 
 
 the Eev. Dr. Hamner pre- 
 sided, preached the sermon, 
 
 and delivered the charge to 
 
 the people ; the Rev. James 
 
 Knox, delivered the charge 
 
 to the pastor. 
 Dismissed from pastorate and 
 
 from Presbytery, in Wash- V Thursday, 16th Sept. 1852. 
 
 ington City, Fourth Church. 
 Preached farewell discourse 
 
 in Lisbon Church, Dr. Ham- 
 
 V Sabbath, 26th Sept. 1852. 
 ner declaring the pulpit va- 
 cant. J 
 
 10 
 
110 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 stood in the pulpit of this house longer than 
 either of my predecessors. With an over- 
 whelming sense of my incapacity for the 
 great work of the ministry, I cannot withhold 
 the utterance of thanks to this Congregation 
 for the uniform kindness shown me, or the 
 acknowledgment of gratitude to God for the 
 measure of success accorded me. Nor can I, 
 in justice both to your kindly co-operation, 
 and to that Divine blessing which has made 
 our joint labors, in any degree, successful, fail 
 to place on record some few of the more pro- 
 minent items in the history of our connection. 
 
 Entered on ministry in Phila- ^ 
 
 ^ I Sabbath, 3d Oct. 1852. 
 
 delphia, N. L. First Church. J 
 
 Eeceivei) into Philadelphia ~ 
 Fourth Presbytery at its stated 
 meeting. 
 
 Installed into the pastorate ~ 
 of Philadelphia, N. L. First 
 Church, by a Committee of 
 Philadelphia Fourth Presby- 
 tery. 
 
 ^ Wednesday, 6th Oct. 1852. 
 
 Tuesday Evening, 2d Nov. 
 1852. 
 
FOURTH PASTOR: ELEVEN YEARS' WORK. Ill 
 
 One of these items is the reign of an un- 
 broken peace. It is much to say, that amid 
 all the infirmities, misconceptions, mistakes, 
 so incident to our fallen humanity, we have 
 maintained, through eleven years, the spirit 
 of Christian unity and love. We have come 
 to this holy house. Sabbath after Sabbath, with 
 no heart-burnings, jealousies, rivalries, strifes ; 
 we have known nothing in our assemblies 
 but the song of praise, the voice of prayer, 
 and the Word of God. Above us the gentle 
 Dove has rested; upon us the soft dews of 
 grace have silently distilled; around us the 
 refreshing atmosphere of common esteem, re- 
 spect, kindness, has pervadingly stretched. 
 
 Another of the items deserving a place in 
 the historic record of our connection is the 
 extinguishment of that church-debt which 
 for forty years was so burdensome and, at 
 times, so threatening. Early in my pastorate 
 
112 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 this great object was resolved on, and, in 
 1856, with commendable liberality and tho- 
 rough unanimity, was happily consummated. 
 Another of the items which should find a 
 prominent place in the record of our connec- 
 tion embraces the additions and improve- 
 ments to the property of the Corporation. 
 The erection of an organ, the construction of 
 furnace-heaters, the tasteful remodelling of 
 the Lecture-room, the substantial repairs of 
 all the rooms under the audience-chamber, 
 the fitting-up of a sej)arate Sunday-school 
 library-room, and other valuable improve- 
 ments which need not be specified, have added 
 greatly to our comfort and efficiency. These 
 improvements were materially aided by a 
 legacy from the late James Gay, Esq., Presi- 
 dent of the Board of Trustees, who, dying 
 whilst they were in progress, manifested thus 
 
FOURTH PASTOR: ELEVEN YEARS' WORK. 113 
 
 his affection for the Church in which for more 
 than thirty years he had worshipped. 
 
 Still another of the items which belong to 
 the history of our connection is the enlarge- 
 ment of our contributions to denoniinational 
 enterprises and to the general objects of a 
 common Christianity. At the beginning of 
 my pastorate, the average of the annual con- 
 tributions to all objects was five hundred dol- 
 lars ; during my pastorate, these contributions 
 have so steadily augmented that the annual 
 average through the whole eleven years has 
 been fifteen hundred dollars. In contribu- 
 tions to some specific objects, the advance 
 has been very marked. For example : in the 
 year 1854-5, sixty dollars were contributed 
 to the Education cause ; in the year 1862-3, 
 two hundred and fifty-six dollars : at the open- 
 ing of the year 1855, the contribution to Fo- 
 reign Missions was seventy-five dollars; at 
 
 10* 
 
114 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 the opening of the year 1860, five hundred 
 and fifty-one dollars; and, at the opening of 
 the year 1863, eight hundred dollars. 
 
 Still another of the items which enter into 
 the history of our connection is the forth- 
 putting of Christian activity. In tract dis- 
 tribution, in charitable visitation, and espe- 
 cially in Sunday-school labor, it has been ours 
 to hold an honored place. In our Sunday- 
 schools we have had a corps of teachers, male 
 and female, which any Church might well be 
 proud of As Churches now are constituted, 
 the Sunday-school, more than all agencies 
 beside, demands the talent, disciplines the 
 skill, and directs the labor of their members. 
 Sunday-school teachers are pre-eminently the 
 Church's working force. Found in the schools, 
 they are found also in the lanes and alleys of 
 a great City, in the social prayer-meetings, 
 and in the sanctuary services. Giving time. 
 
FOURTH PASTOR: ELEVEN YEARS' WORK. 115 
 
 strength, money, to the work of practical 
 Christianity, they never withhold from pas- 
 tors the truest sympathy or the best support. 
 Through their exertions, mainly, during my 
 pastorate, two simultaneous and thorough ex- 
 plorations of the Districts immediately east 
 and west of this Church edifice, have been 
 made Avith gratifying results, in gathering 
 children into the schools and families into the 
 Congregation. From their classes have come 
 much the larger proportion of additions to 
 our communion, and all the young men who, 
 justly esteemed our jewels, are prosecuting 
 studies preparatory to the Gospel ministry. 
 
 Still another of the items which I would 
 include in the history of our connection, is 
 the display of hearty sympathy with our Coun- 
 try in the gigantic struggle for life now going 
 forward. We have had no lust of conquest, 
 no purpose of vandal violence, no design to 
 
116 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 affect injuriously the rights and interests of 
 any section of our land, or of any portion of 
 our countiymen, but we have had that love of 
 law, order, government, nationality, which has 
 risen superior to every subordinate considera- 
 tion, and has ranged us with all who demand 
 nothing less than that the flag of our fathers, 
 undimmed bv the loss of a sinoie star, shall 
 float from the Lakes to the Gulf, and from the 
 Atlantic to the Pacific shore. We are tho- 
 roughly serious in this ; we are purely, prayer- 
 fully, profoundly conscientious. Hence, we 
 have given our money to the national cause, 
 and to the relief of sick, suffering soldiers. 
 Hence, too, we have given our personal ser- 
 vice to the brave men whom disease or disaster 
 made inmates of our hospitals. And hence, 
 above all, we have given, first and last, more 
 than one hundred of our sons, husbands, bro- 
 thers, to that great army whose simple, sub- 
 
FOURTH PASTOR: ELEVEN YEARS' WORK. 117 
 
 lime task is that of defending, against domestic 
 traitors and foreign foes, our Country's in- 
 tegrity. Of our own volunteers, some have 
 come back to us with shattered health, and 
 some have been borne to us in coffins, but all 
 are enshrined forever in our hearts. 
 
 Still another of the items Avhich I would 
 record among the prominent facts in the his- 
 tory of our connection, is the joyful entrance 
 into Heaven of so many from our communion. 
 We account it the end of all Church-arrange- 
 ments, and of all Christian efforts to save 
 souls; to fit immortal ones for the holy com- 
 panionships of the skies. We may not say 
 that all who die in the visible Church are of 
 necessity numbered among the saved, but 
 from the seventy Church-members whom I 
 have buried, we can single out many of whose 
 joyful entrance into Heaven we may not have 
 a doubt. Among these sainted dead are two 
 
118 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 of our Elders, Isaac Will and Charles Deal ; 
 among them, some of the holiest men and de- 
 voutest women this Church has ever had. 
 The days we laid their bodies in the dust were 
 sad days with us; but, remembering them this 
 morning, we murmur not, nor grieve. We 
 rather rejoice that they are safe in glory ; that 
 they no longer tread earth's toilsome, tearful 
 ways; that they are holy, happy now, and 
 will be growingly forever. 
 
 But, omitting other items in the history of 
 our connection, I would simply add that 
 during my pastorate, I have solemnized one 
 hundred and eleven marriages ; have attended 
 to the grave two hundred and thirty of the 
 dead ; have administered baptism to two hun- 
 dred and eleven persons, children and adults; 
 and have received the covenant vows of three 
 hundred and thirty-one persons connecting 
 themselves with this Church, either on pro- 
 
FOURTH PASTOR: ELEVEN YEARS' WORK. 119 
 
 fession or on certificate, an annual average of 
 thirty. 
 
 Our growth has been gradual but stable. 
 We have had no seasons of marked excite- 
 ment and of large ingathering, but we have 
 had the Spirit's influence descending as the 
 
 dew. The year 1858 was one of more than 
 
 * 
 ordinary quickening, fifty-four persons enter- 
 ing our communion. And, to-day, without 
 reckoning the names of more than a hundred 
 persons who, in the changes of pastorates, and 
 especially of residences in a crowded city, 
 have dropped from the knowledge of Session, 
 we count four hundred and sixty names on 
 our roll of Church-members. 
 
 We have, too, abundant occasion to thank 
 God for the steady progress we have made in 
 pecuniary strength. It is a noteworthy, gra- 
 tifying fact that, amid all the losses, ex- 
 penditures, and excitements of a wasting civil 
 
120 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 war, the past year has been, in contributions 
 and Church-income, the very best year of my 
 pastorate. 
 
 But I turn from these special notices of the 
 four pastorates in succession, to state briefly 
 some general particulars illustrative of con- 
 tinuous congregational life. 
 
 In reading the manuscript records of the 
 Corporation, I have been constantly reminded 
 that an accurate account of the varied modes 
 of warming and lighting the Church edifice, 
 would be the history of much of the world's 
 progress in science and art the past half 
 century. 
 
 The mode of warming the Church edifice 
 in use at the installation of Mr. Patterson, 
 was that of ten-plated, wood-burning stoves. 
 Two years later, an immense im23rovement on 
 
MODES OF WARMING CHURCH EDIFICE. 121 
 
 these stoves was effected, as was thought, by 
 setting up what are described as Pyramid 
 Stoves, but wood-burners still. It is in No- 
 vember, 1819, that we first read of an order 
 to purchase coal /or the Session room, and this 
 by way of experiment.* 
 
 Wood and coal apparently waged with each 
 other a doubtful warfare for years, when the 
 gradual change of public opinion brought coal 
 into the ascendant. At the transfer of the 
 Congregation to this house, coal was the only 
 fuel used, but, from the imperfection of the 
 stoves in which it was burned, failed to sup- 
 ply the requisite warmth. 
 
 At length, in a happy moment, some one 
 invented, and the Trustees introduced, those 
 huge, coal-burning heaters, which, four in num- 
 ber, were set up in the basement rooms beneath 
 registers opening in the aisles of the audience- 
 
 * Manuscript records of the Board of Trustees. 
 
 11 
 
122 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 chamber, and which, in use when I began my 
 ministry, had the merit of thoroughly roast- 
 ing all in the Sunday-schools around them, if 
 they did not comfortably warm all who came 
 to worship above them. 
 
 In time, these heaters gave j)hace to two 
 furnaces in a single air-chamber underneath 
 the basement rooms. This improvement, made 
 in 1856, at a cost of four hundred and fifty 
 dollars, has proved eminently satisfactory. 
 
 Such in outline, is the history of warming 
 the house in which the Congregation have 
 worshipped. It is substantially the history 
 of coal consumption ; of steamships and iron- 
 plated monitors ; of railroads and workshops ; 
 of mining, mechanical, and manufacturing 
 industry. 
 
 Nor is the history of lighting less suggestive 
 than the history of warming. Fifty years ago, 
 evening services in the Church edifice were 
 
MODES OF LIGHTING CHURCH EDIFICE. 123 
 
 not held. The revival of 1816 made the first 
 demand for such services ; and, in that year, 
 we read of the purchase of ten brass branch 
 candlesticks, and of a box of mould candles.* 
 In 1818, at the instance of some progres- 
 sives in the Board of Trustees, lamps for oil 
 were ordered, but a conflict between candles 
 and oil, similar -to that between wood and 
 coal, seems for a long time to have been main- 
 tained with like result. At the opening of this 
 house in 1832, oil alone was in use, and con- 
 tinued in use until 1841, when gas displaced it. 
 
 * Manuscript records of the Board of Trustees. 
 
 During most of the first quarter of this century, candles were 
 universally used for lighting Churches. In the manuscript 
 journals of Mr. Isaac Snowden, an elder for many years in the 
 Second Church, is a notice, under date of Monday, 23d May, 
 1803, of a missionary sermon preached in the Second Church 
 by the Kev. Mr. Kollock. After mentioning that Drs. Alex- 
 ander and Green aided Mr. Kollock in the services introduc- 
 tory to the sermon, he adds: "These gentlemen sat in the 
 pulpit and sfiuifed the candles, so that neither the speaker nor 
 the audience were interrupted by the sexton's going up and 
 down repeatedly to and from the pulpit." 
 
124 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Candles, oil, gas! What three words could 
 better tell the eventful story of the world's 
 half century progress ! 
 
 The history of this Church cannot be 
 written without some notice of its Sunday- 
 schools. In 1815, as I have had occasion 
 already to remark, the Union Sabbath-School 
 Association, composed of worshippers in this 
 Church, was formed, at the instance of Mr. 
 Patterson, to search out poor children, to 
 gather them into schools, to instruct them 
 gratuitously in the Scriptures, not less than 
 one hour on the morning and afternoon of 
 every Sabbath, to go with them to the house 
 of God, to watch over them during Divine 
 service, and tenderly to pray for them.* 
 
 * Preamble to the Constitution and By-laws of the Union 
 Sabbath-School Association. 
 
 The Association suggested by Mr. Patterson in aid of Sun- 
 day-schools, embodies the two ideas of grahiHons and 7'eligions 
 
CHURCH EFFICIENCY IN SUNDAY-SCHOOLS. 125 
 
 The first members of this Association were 
 almost entirely females, who, for years, took 
 the chief oversight and direction of its schools, 
 whilst the management of its finances was 
 intrusted to the male members. At the close 
 of its first year of labor, coincident with the 
 close of those protracted services which the 
 revival of 1816 prompted, a very large school, 
 
 instruction. It is believed to have been the first association 
 of the kind in this country; certainly the first in this city. 
 Before its organization, benevolent individuals, here and 
 there, had labored on this plan, but had never reduced its 
 underlying principles to system, and had never summoned 
 church-rnembers, as such, to co-operative eftbrt. In 1791, the 
 Eirst-day or Sunday-School Society, of Philadelphia, was 
 formed, but its teachers were hired and its teaching more 
 secular than religious. In 1810, the Kev. Kobert May, an 
 English Independent minister, sojourning in Philadelphia, 
 preparatory to entering on the work of missions in India, 
 originated an association oi gratuitous teachers, but the charac- 
 ter of the instruction was the same as that of the First-day 
 Society. His efibrt contemplated simply the saving of ex- 
 pense in the conduct of Sunday-schools, and so the extension 
 of their benefits. When he left for India, the Society he was 
 instrumental in forming, declined and died. 
 
 11* 
 
12(i rilE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 consisting of a male and female department, 
 was in hopeful progress, in separate rooms, on 
 Coates Street, near the Church edifice. 
 
 The success of this school, and the quickened 
 zeal of the Congregation, stimulated the es- 
 tablishment of other schools; some under the 
 care of the Union Sabbath-School Associa- 
 tion; some under the care of members of 
 the Church, acting independently; and some 
 under the care of a second association, styled 
 "The Combined Sabbath-School Association 
 of the Northern Liberties." I am not able to 
 state the precise order in which these several 
 schools were begun, the records of the Union 
 Sabbath-School Association for the first five 
 years of its history, and all the records of the 
 Combined Sabbath-School Association, through 
 the whole term of its fifteen years' existence, 
 having been lost; but, in 1820, the Union 
 Sabbath-School Association had under its care 
 
CATALOGUE OF SUNDAY-SCHOOLS. 127 
 
 five schools, which are named as follows: the 
 Coates Street School ; the Spring Garden 
 School ; the Cohocksink School ; the Kensing- 
 ton School, and the Colored School. These 
 schools are reported as having an aggregate of 
 six hundred and fifty scholars. Of them, I 
 first submit some brief notices. 
 
 The Coates Street School, at all times the 
 largest, formed an important part of the con- 
 gregations in the Church edifice on the Sab- 
 bath, and contributed much of the material 
 from which additions to the communion were 
 drawn. In 1833, it was transferred, with the 
 Congregation, to the new Church edifice on 
 Button wood Street, where it still lives in mani- 
 festation of an energy and success quite equal 
 to any showings of the past.* 
 
 ^' The number of enrolled scholars in this school is about 
 25U; the amount of annual contributions to benevolent objects 
 about $300. In the school is also a Mite Society composed of 
 the teachers and their friends, and ors;anized to raise means 
 
128 THE DAYS THAT ARE FAST. 
 
 The Spring Garden School, begun in 1817, 
 as nearly as I can determine, was held at the 
 corner of Buttonwood and Eighth Streets. At 
 its opening, some Mij children were in attend- 
 ance, gathered from poor dwellings, which nu- 
 merous butcher shambles in that vicinity had 
 attracted. Between the site of the school and 
 the built portions of the town, there stretched 
 a wide interval of open grounds and of occa- 
 sional lots, inclosed with post and rail fences. 
 Here, for thirty-four years, a corps of faithful 
 teachers, with much to encourage them most 
 of the time, perse veringly labored, relinquish- 
 ing their work not until the changed circum- 
 stances of the District, and the urgent calls for 
 laborers elsewhere, plainly demanded it. 
 
 The CoHOCKSiNK School, begun, as I suppose, 
 
 for paying the salary of a music instructor, and for making 
 additions to the library. The mite collections, last year, were 
 rising $200. 
 
CATALOGUE OF SUNDAY-SCHOOLS. 129 
 
 about the time of that in Spring Garden, was 
 located, according to the records of the Asso- 
 ciation, '^a mile and a half from town." Its 
 average attendance of scholars through most 
 of the ten years of its existence numbered 
 eighty. Its remoteness and the consequent dif- 
 ficulty in commanding the services of teachers 
 led to its discontinuance in the year 1828, 
 but not before other Churches, in the vicinity, 
 were prepared to carry forward the work it 
 had begun.* 
 
 The Kensington School, opened near the 
 time of the opening of the Spring Garden and 
 Cohocksink Schools, was located at the first, 
 in " Frankford Road above Otter." Its his- 
 
 * In December, 1818, Mr. Patterson reported to Philadel- 
 phia Presbytery that he had organized " The First Church of 
 Cohocksink," with two elders. The Church was taken under 
 care of Presbytery, but never became self-sustaining, and, 
 finally, was disbanded. The present Pirst Church of Cohock- 
 sink was organized by Eev. Dr. John McDowell, 8th March, 
 1840. 
 
130 THE DAYS THAT ARE FAST. 
 
 tory is one of singular alternations between 
 the gladness of success and the gloom of des- 
 pondency. At one time, over two hundred 
 children and more teachers than can be well 
 employed, are in attendance ; at another time, 
 few children and fewer teachers extort from 
 successive superintendents the wail of lamen- 
 tation. For eighteen years of its history it 
 was a migratory school, wandering from room 
 to room and from street to street, wherever it 
 could find a local habitation. So great were 
 the embarrassments from this source, and so 
 important was the school to the destitute Dis- 
 trict immediately around it, that the Associa- 
 tion, in 1835, erected, on Dun ton Street above 
 Otter, a school-house, which, finished in May 
 of the following year, furnished the long- 
 needed accommodation. In this house, with 
 varying fortunes, the school was continued 
 until November, 1862, when, from the multi- 
 
CATALOGUE OF SUNDAY-SCHOOLS. 131 
 
 plication of Churches and schools in its neigh- 
 borhood, its discontinuance was judged expe- 
 dient. 
 
 The Colored School began its existence 
 somewhat later than the other mission-schools, 
 and, for more than ten years, was efficiently 
 conducted. Its locality was a room on Coates 
 Street above Fourth, where now stands the 
 African Methodist Episcopal Union Church. 
 Here, with manifest tokens of the Divine ap- 
 proval and blessing, two hundred scholars, 
 children and adults, were frequently assem- 
 bled ; but the formation of a Colored Church, 
 and the necessity of concentrating the interest 
 of the colored j)eople, led to the discontinu- 
 ance of the school in the year 1829.* 
 
 * This colored Sunday-school was not the only instrumen- 
 tality employed hy the Church to bless and save the colored 
 population of the Liberties. In Brown Street above Fourth, 
 where now the Zoar Church stands, a night school for colored 
 adults, one evening in the week, was successfully carried on 
 
132 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 Coincident with the discontinuance of the 
 Colored School was the reception by the 
 Union Sabbath-School Association, of a school 
 named the Nazarene, which individual mem- 
 bers of the Church, young ladies chiefly, had, 
 four years before, begun on Charlotte Street 
 near Franklin. Starting with one hundred 
 scholars, and reaching two hundred in a few 
 months, this school was one of great efliciency. 
 In 1830, it was removed, on the invitation of 
 Mr. George Wilson, to a large, new, brick 
 Sunday-school house, which he, at his own 
 expense, had erected on ground in the line of 
 Fourth Street, and above the present Thomp- 
 son Street, where for years it was held. 
 
 But whilst the Union Sabbath-School Asso- 
 ciation was thus aiding the work of gratuitous, 
 
 for years. In this school, many of the most respectable 
 colored people of the District were taught to read and write, 
 of whom some few still live to praise their benefactors. The 
 average attendance is represented o.?, fifty scholars. 
 
CATALOGUE OF SUNDAY-SCHOOLS. 133 
 
 religious instruction, another association, con- 
 sisting of members of this Church, was formed 
 for a similar purpose. This association was 
 stjded " The Combined," and w^as organized 
 in the year 1818. It had under its care, from 
 first to last, according to the best information 
 I have been able to gather, four Schools : one 
 at the corner of Second Street and German- 
 town Road, begun in 1818 and removed in 
 1820 to Berkley Court, now Lawrence Street, 
 where, for years, the average attendance was 
 sixty scholars ; another, in the third story of 
 the Lecture-room on Coates Street, begun 
 about 1819 and continued several years, with 
 an average attendance of seventy-five scholars; 
 another in Ulrick's Alley, but the time of be- 
 ginning and the average attendance I cannot 
 ascertain ; and the other at the corner of Third 
 Street and Germantown Road, begun about 
 1821, but soon removed to a commodious Mis- 
 
 12 
 
134 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 sion Schoolhouse, which the Association had 
 built on ground a little north of Otter, where 
 Hope Street now is. This fourth School was 
 the principal one, numbering never less than 
 one hundred and fifty scholars, and exerting, 
 for more than a dozen years, an extended and 
 healthful influence.* 
 
 Beside the ten schools thus briefly de- 
 scribed, six under the care of the Union 
 Sabbath-School Association, and four under 
 the care of the Combined, there were begun, 
 at various times, thirteen others, which I can 
 merely enumerate. 
 
 * In this Mission House, 2d October, 1832, Mr. Patterson 
 organized "The Second Presbyterian Church of Kensing- 
 ton." To aid in forming this organization, fourteen persons 
 from his pastoral charge had been dismissed. Three elders 
 were elected, Samuel Wilson, TVilliam E. Cornwell, and David 
 Henderson ; all late members of Philadelphia N. L. First 
 Church, In 1838, the Church changed its ecclesiastical rela- 
 tions by union with the German Keformed denomination, but 
 in 1846 was disbanded, most of its members entering Kensing- 
 ton First Church, Eev, George Chandler, pastor. 
 
CA TALOG UE OF SUNDA Y-SCHOOLS. 135 
 
 First, the Barton School, near the spot 
 where Laurel and Front Streets now intersect, 
 begun about 1817, and contained several years, 
 with an average attendance of one hundred 
 scholars. 
 
 Next, the Hart Lane School, three miles 
 from town, in the line of Second Street, be- 
 gun in 1820 and continued two years, with an 
 average attendance of fifty scholars. 
 
 Next, the Rising Sun School, at the fork 
 of the Germantown and York Roads, begun 
 about 1822, and continued some three years, 
 with an average attendance of sixty scholars. 
 
 Next, the Race Street School, at Twelfth 
 and Race, in a poor suburb of the City pro- 
 per, begun about 1824, and continued ^\q^ 
 years, with an average attendance of seventy- 
 five scholars. 
 
 Next, the Eastburn School, on Charlotte 
 Street near Beaver, begun about 1825, and 
 
inCi THE DATS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 continued for more tlian twenty years, with 
 an average attendance of one hundred and 
 fifty scholars. 
 
 Next, the Kirke White School, begun in 
 1828, on Kunkle, now Dillwyn Street, above 
 Callowhill, and subsequently removed to 
 Keim's Hall, on Fourth Street below Callow- 
 hill, with an average attendance of seventy- 
 five scholars. 
 
 Next, the Infant School, which begun in 
 
 the studv of the new Church edifice on But- 
 
 «/ 
 
 ton wood Street in 1834, and suspended in 
 1841, w^as, two years after, under the auspices 
 of the Union Sabbath-School Association, re- 
 sumed in the Trustees' room, where, to-day, it 
 is large and flourishing.* 
 
 * This school has more than one hundred and fifty enrolled 
 scholars. It gives from thirty to forty dollars annually to 
 Foreign Missions, and sends annually to the more advanced 
 school, taught in the Lecture-room of the Church, an average 
 of twentv-five cliildren. 
 
* CATALOGUE OF SUNDAY-SCHOOLS. 137 
 
 Next, the Missionary School, which begun 
 about 1835 on Sixth Street above Poplar, and 
 subsequently removed to Sixth and Coates, 
 was, with an average attendance of eighty 
 scholars, taken under the care of the Union 
 Sabbath-School Association in 1838, but was 
 discontinued in 1839. 
 
 Next, the Marion School, opened the sixth 
 day of December, 1835, and continued for 
 four years in Smith's Alley, with an average 
 attendance of sixty scholars. 
 
 Next, the Coates Street Colored School, 
 begun about 1810, in Coates Street above 
 Fifth, and continued some three years, with 
 an average attendance of ninety scholars. 
 
 Next, the Union School, which begun in 
 1852, by the Union Sabbath-School Associa- 
 tion, in the Lecture-room of the old Church on 
 Coates Street above Second, had, when trans- 
 ferred that same year to the Union Presby- 
 
 12* 
 
138 TJIE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 terian Church of the Xorthern Lil^erties, more 
 than one hundred scholars.* » 
 
 Next, the Pexx Hose School, begun in the 
 South Penn Hose House, in the spring of 
 1859, but, after a few months' existence, sus- 
 pended. 
 
 Next, the Briggsyille School, which, be- 
 o'un in Delaware County, near Media, in the 
 spring of 1860, bj one of our students for 
 the Gospel ministry, is aided annually by the 
 Buttonwood Street School with gifts of money 
 and books, and, throuuh eidit months of the 
 year, with an ayerage attendance of fifty scho- 
 lars, is most efficiently conducted. f 
 
 * The irniuii Presbyterian Church was constituted by Phi- 
 ladelphia Fourth Presbytery, in October. 1852, of forty-five 
 communicants, dismissed for the purpose by the Session of 
 Philadelphia X. L. First Church. The enterprise proving 
 unsuccessful, the Church was disbanded, many of its members 
 returning to their old home. 
 
 f See Appendix Ty. 
 
SUNDAY-SCHOOL INSTRUCTION. 139 
 
 Thus, it appears that, first and last, during 
 forty-nine years of Sunday-school labor, this 
 Church has had the care of not less than 
 twenty-three schools, some of them large, and 
 none of them with a smaller average attend- 
 ance than fifty scholars. If, to-day, we could 
 assemble all wdio, as superintendents, librari- 
 ans, teachers, scholars, were identified more 
 or less closely with these schools, what an 
 exceeding great army would confront us! 
 
 The plan of instruction early adopted in 
 the schools, and rigidly adhered to for years, 
 was the recitation of Scripture verses and of 
 hymns.* Brown's Catechism was subse- 
 quently introduced, and, later still, the As- 
 
 * In the recitation of Scripture verses, some pupils in the 
 schools displayed remarkahle power of memory. It is related 
 that in the Eastburn School, a young lady, during the few 
 years of her attendance as a scholar, recited to the superin- 
 tendent the whole of the New Testament and quite one-half 
 of the Old. 
 
140 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 sembly's Shorter Catechism. Question-books 
 are of comparatively recent date. 
 
 In reward for memorlter recitations, tickets, 
 blue and red, were given, and, at fixed rates, 
 were exchanged for premium books, the pre- 
 sentation of which, on Christmas or New 
 Year's day, was the festival time of the year. 
 The ticket system continued in use until 1840, 
 when it was abandoned. Two years after- 
 ward, however, it was restored; but, in 1844, 
 was again abandoned. In 1857, it was once 
 more adopted, but, the year following, w^as 
 finally abandoned. 
 
 For ten years past it has been the custom, 
 at the anniversary of the schools in May, to 
 present a copy of the Scriptures to every 
 scholar who, during the year, has accurately 
 recited to the pastor the Assembly's Shorter 
 Catechism. Scores of Bibles, worthily won, 
 have thus been Avidely distributed. 
 
SUNDAY-SCHOOL LIBRARIES. 141 
 
 As early as the year 1821, attention was 
 directed to the formation of libraries for the 
 schools, but it was not until 1827 that this 
 important enterprise was earnestly attempted. 
 The teachers of the Coates Street School, con- 
 tributing themselves the money, purchased a 
 library of two hundred volumes, and their 
 example was speedily followed by the teachers 
 in all the schools. In 1836, when the Coates 
 Street School had been three years in the 
 Church edifice on Buttonwood Street, the 
 teachers again contributing the money, a new 
 library of six hundred volumes was purchased. 
 This library was the beginning of that now in 
 use, which, after the wear and waste of more 
 than a quarter century, and with, perhaps, 
 not a volume in it of the original purchase, 
 numbers to-day more than one thousand vo- 
 lumes, many of them valuable. 
 
 In 1846 the first Sunday-school papers were 
 
142 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 purchased, and, with occasional changes of the 
 papers themselves, the choice alternating be- 
 tween those published by the American Sun- 
 day-School Union and those by the American 
 Tract Society, have ever since been statedly 
 distributed. * 
 
 From the beginning of my pastorate to the 
 present time, I have been accustomed to meet 
 the schools taught in the Church edifice, on 
 the first Sabbath of every alternate month, 
 to catechize them in the Assembly's Shorter 
 Catechism, and to preach the Gospel to them. 
 The preaching services have ever been charac- 
 terized by thorough attention and eager inte- 
 rest; and, as I have had occasion to know, 
 have not been unattended by the blessing of 
 Him who, in the days of His flesh, said, 
 "Sutler little children, and forbid them not, 
 to come unto me ; for of such is the kingdom 
 of Heaven." 
 
SUNDAY-SCHOOL CHARITIES. 143 
 
 In all the schools^ too, from the earliest 
 times to the present, systematic contributions 
 to benevolent obiects have been made. It is 
 suggestive to read the record of these objects. 
 Now the contribution is in aid of the educa- 
 tion of Indian youth ; now, of some colored 
 man who is about to enter Africa as a mis- 
 sionary; now, of some young man, a member 
 of the Church, who is struggling to enter the 
 ministry; now, of Sunday-schools in the 
 West; now, of Bible distribution; now, of a 
 feeble Church, sometimes in, sometimes near 
 Philadelphia; now, of Home Missions; and 
 now, of Foreign Missions. Thus the whole 
 field of Christian enterprise has been, year 
 by year, surveyed; and thus an intelligent 
 sympathy with Christ's heart has been steadily 
 fostered. 
 
 But I may not extend this general notice 
 of our Sunday-schools. Nor may I attempt 
 
144 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 the slightest estimate of the good which these 
 schools have eiFected. What thousands they 
 have trained for usefulness on earth ; what 
 thousands for happiness in heaven! Some 
 faint reflections of their manifold utilities 
 may, indeed, be seen in the material prosper- 
 ity of the various localities where they have 
 noiselessly wrought, especially in the number 
 and influence of the Churches occupying their 
 sites, and, by natural law, outspringing from 
 them, but their real power, and their actual' 
 results, can only be learned from the revela- 
 tions of eternity. 
 
 The Eldership of this Church deserves a 
 fuller notice and ampler justice than I can 
 give. In the fifty years now past, twenty-one 
 persons have been inducted into the oflice : 
 four by Dr. Janeway in connection with the 
 organization of the Church ; nine by Mr. Pat- 
 
ELDERSHIP. 145 
 
 terson ; three by Dr. Carroll ; five by me.* 
 Of the four ordained and installed by Dr. 
 Janeway, not one is now living. Of the nine 
 ordained and installed by Mr. Patterson, but 
 two are living, Samuel S. Barry and Adam 
 H. HiNKEL : the former, in Yonkers, N. Y. ; 
 the latter, an Elder, still with us. Of the 
 three ordained and installed by Dr. Carroll, all 
 are living, but all have gone from us to other 
 churches : Anthony Green, to Milwaukee ; 
 William Soby, to Beverly, N. J. ; Nicholas 
 B. Unruh, to German town. Of the five 
 ordained and installed by me, one, Charles 
 Deal, has deceased, but the surviving four, 
 John B. Stevenson, Jacob H. Ziegenfus, 
 Peter A. Jordan, and Eli H. Eldridge, are 
 all members of our Session to-day.* 
 
 Of the twenty-one who, during the half 
 century, have served in the Eldership, five, 
 
 * See Appendix V. 
 13 
 
146 the days that are past. 
 
 John Gourley, Egbert Sawyer, Joseph Ab- 
 bott, Isaac Will, and Charles Deal, deceased 
 while in office. Although unable to describe 
 these brethren as their worth and work de- 
 mand, I may not yet omit brief notice of them. 
 
 John Gourley, the first of our Elders dying 
 in office, was one of the four whom Dr. 
 Janeway ordained and installed on Sabbath, 
 the twenty-third day of May, 1813. He was 
 a man of singularly amiable and gentle sj^irit, 
 a devout Christian, and a faithful elder. 
 
 In the revival of 1816, he rendered valua- 
 ble aid to the overburdened pastor, but through 
 most of the following year, he was an invalid. 
 He appeared in Session the last time on the 
 seventh day of January, 1817, and thence- 
 forward to the seventeenth day of November, 
 when he died, his strength of body slowly, 
 yet steadily, declined. His end was peace. 
 
ELDERS DYING IN OFFICE. 147 
 
 Robert Sawyer, the second of our Elders 
 dying in office, was received into the commu- 
 nion of this Church, on public profession of 
 faith in Christ, the fifth day of March, 1814; 
 was ordained and installed by Mr. Patterson 
 on the eighteenth day of July, 1820; and was 
 called to die on the fourth day of January, 
 1830. As member and Elder of the Church 
 he was equally conscientious and indefatiga- 
 ble in every good word and work. 
 
 In the Eldership he approved himself one 
 of Mr. Patterson's most efficient helpers. He 
 was pre-eminently the praying and working 
 Elder. Engaged, six days of the week, in a 
 laborious occupation, which ga\ e him, at noon, 
 but a single hour for rest, he habitually spent 
 the half of it in closet prayer. He kept in 
 his drawer a paper on which he had written 
 the names of persons whom he wished to re- 
 
14S THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 member at a throne of grace, and, day b}- day, 
 in their behalf, he wrestled with Jehovah. 
 
 Of those he prayed for, many were con- 
 verted, and some were made most eminent 
 Christians. Singular to tell, his ordinarj^ 
 speech was slow and stammering, but in 
 prayer his fluency and fervor were alike re- 
 markable. 
 
 Nor was he more earnest in praying than 
 in working. The evening of every week-day 
 found him somewhere in religious meetings : 
 two evenings in the Church ; the other four 
 in little gatherings for prayer and exhorta- 
 tion which he himself had jDlanned. 
 
 Like his pastor, he had a passion for saving 
 souls. He overlooked no lane or alley ; he 
 passed by no humble, wretched home in all 
 the Liberties. Through night and storm, 
 guided by his lantern, which was his almost 
 constant companion in missionary work, he 
 
ELDERS DYING IN OFFICE. 149 
 
 went everywhere. It is believed, that to all 
 residing in the District, the person and the 
 lantern of Robert Sawyer were well-nigh as 
 familiar as the principal streets or the promi- 
 nent buildings. 
 
 Liberal in money gifts, although of mode- 
 rate circumstances, diligent in business, fervent 
 in spirit, serving the Lord, he was universally 
 respected, and when he died, " devout, men 
 made great lamentation over him." 
 
 Under date of fourth January, 1830, Mr. 
 Patterson wrote in his journal: "This day I 
 witnessed the calm and peaceful death of one 
 of the most useful men in my Church. That 
 Scripture, indeed, was fulfilled in him, ^Marlv 
 the perfect man, and behold the upright, for 
 the end of that man is peace.' A few minutes 
 before he ceased to breathe, he was asked if 
 he had any fears of death. He replied, ^No, 
 no fears at all.' He was one of my best friends 
 
 18* 
 
I'.i) 77//; DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 and supporters; and I thank the great Head 
 of the Church that He gave me so useful a 
 man. Perhaps few men, if any, in this City, 
 made a better use of their talents and influ- 
 ence than he did." 
 
 Joseph Abbott, the third of our Elders 
 dying in office, was one of the four ordained 
 and installed by Dr. Janeway, and was asso- 
 ciated with Mr. Patterson, in the Church Ses- 
 sion, a longer term than any other Elder. He 
 was a man of strong sense, of calm, clear 
 judgment, and of unquestioned, unquestion- 
 able piety. Without the culture of Francis 
 Markoe, and without the fervor of Robert 
 Sawyer, he revealed a character so noble in 
 attribute, and so massive in proportion, that 
 his influence was scarcely inferior to that of 
 either. 
 
 He was especially distinguished by know- 
 
ELDERS DYING IN OFFICE. 151 
 
 ledge of Scripture. He made the word of 
 God, in literal sense, the man of his counsel. 
 Mr. Patterson, himself a diligent Bible stu- 
 dent, is quoted as saying, that of all the men 
 he ever knew, Joseph Abbott had the rarest 
 and readiest command of Scripture texts. 
 
 A safe and trusted counsellor, a quiet yet 
 efficient worker, an invaluable church officer, 
 a steadfast friend, a true, honest. Christian 
 man, he stood beside his pastor through evil 
 and through good report. On the records of 
 Session, whatever name does not appear as 
 present at meetings, where scores are asking 
 admission to Church communion, or w^here 
 unworthy members are to be dealt with in 
 discipline, his name is never missed. 
 
 At the close of November, 1831, he is re- 
 corded as present at Session ; at the next Ses- 
 sional meeting, some few weeks thereafter, he 
 
152 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 is absent, and never again is present, for God, 
 meanwhile, has said to him, "Come up higher." 
 
 Isaac Will, the fourth of our Elders 
 dying in office, was converted and received 
 into the Church during the great revival of 
 1816, and was, with Robert Sawyer and 
 Robert Wallace, ordained and installed by 
 Mr. Patterson on the eighteenth day of July, 
 1820. For thirty-seven years, nearly, he filled 
 with great fidelity and acceptance the ofiice of 
 Elder. In Sessional responsibility and labor 
 he was associated with every pastor the Church 
 has had : with Mr. Patterson more than seven- 
 teen years; with me, nearly five. 
 
 He was a fine example of the elevating and 
 ennobling influence of Christianity. Possessed 
 of few early advantages, and arrived at middle 
 life wdien making a profession of religion, he 
 revealed a mental activity which before he 
 
ELDERS DYING IN OFFICE. 153 
 
 had not shown, and sought with diligence the 
 knowledge which now he felt the need of. He 
 searched the Scriptures as for hid treasures; 
 he availed himself of whatever helps to the 
 understanding of the Word he could com- 
 mand; and he read with uncommon care the 
 standard authors in divinity, and the best 
 treatises in our language on practical religion. 
 
 When I first knew him, he was seventy 
 years old, yet his memory was unimpaired, 
 and his intelligence surprising. He was a 
 Calvinist from experience and conviction. It 
 was impossible to hear him pray without im- 
 pression that his sense of dependence on God 
 was real, and that his apprehension of truth 
 was as comprehensive as clear. 
 
 Entering the Session about the time that 
 Francis Markoe, removing to New York City, 
 left it, and when, of the earlier Elders, Joseph 
 Abbott was the only one remaining, he ap- 
 
154 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 proved himself " not a wliit behind the very 
 chiefest." Working, like Robert Sawyer, with 
 his own hands, day by day, like Robert Sawyer 
 he Avas " instant in season, out of season ; 
 purchasing to himself a good degree and great 
 boldness in the faith which is in Christ Jesus." 
 
 At the close of February, 1857, his seat in 
 the Session and in the Sanctuary, was vacant 
 because " he was sick nigh unto death." It 
 was my privilege, almost daily, to speak to 
 him of Jesus, and to hear from him the calm- 
 est, most assuring testimonies to the power 
 and the preciousness of that faith which, 
 through more than forty years, he had pro- 
 fessed. 
 
 His disease was typhoid fever. On the 
 morning of Thursday, 12th March, after a 
 sleepless night, as the light of day streamed 
 in and the restlessness he had been subject to 
 subsided, he prayed aloud with manifest re- 
 
ELDERS DYING IN OFFICE. ' 155 
 
 freshment, and, turning to his daughter, said^ 
 '^ Now I think I shall sleep." Sinking into 
 gentle slumber, and continuing quiet for an 
 hour or more, he was called but heard not. 
 He slept in Jesus. He had died without 
 movement, and while watchful love was guard- 
 ing the stillness of his chamber. 
 
 Charles Deal, the last of our Elders dying 
 in office, was, on the thirteenth day of De- 
 cember, 1839, during the pastorate of Dr. 
 Carroll, received into the communion of this 
 Church on certificate from the Franklin Street 
 Presbyterian Church of Philadelphia. Elected 
 to the office of Ruling Elder, he, with four 
 others, was ordained and installed by me on 
 the evening of the day we buried Isaac Will, 
 the fifteenth day of March, 1857. 
 
 He first made a profession of religion in 
 the Fifth Presbyterian Church, a short time 
 
156 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 after its organization, and under the ministry 
 of the Kev. James K. Burch, the predecessor 
 of Dr. Skinner. His exercises of mind were 
 unusually pungent; his conversion from sin 
 to holiness most manifest and thorough. 
 
 From the beginning of his religious life to 
 its close, he held steadily on his way. Never 
 swayed by impulse, but always moved by 
 principle, he was uniformly calm, considerate, 
 conscientious, consistent. Year after year he 
 sat at the head of his Sunday-school class, 
 without show of weariness, or without thought 
 of change. Year after year he filled his place 
 in the Sabbath-congregation, and in the week- 
 night assembly for lecture and social prayer, 
 nor seemed to imagine that other than this 
 was at all possible. 
 
 His habitual sense of duty was as strong 
 as I have ever known, and yet his modesty 
 was as real as his merit. Indeed, if he erred 
 
ELDERS DYING IN OFFICE. 157 
 
 in any respect, it was in not assuming in the 
 Church that prominence to which his charac- 
 ter, intelligence, position, and the free suffrage 
 of his brethren alike entitled him. When 
 nominated for the Eldership he shrank from 
 the office, and would certainly have declined 
 it, if conscience had allowed him, but when 
 ordained and installed he carried into the new 
 sphere of responsibility the same quiet earn- 
 estness that he had always shown. 
 
 He was permitted, however, to fill the office 
 but little more than six months. The sum- 
 mer of 1857 found him feeble, and made him 
 more so. Present at our July communion he 
 went soon after to the sea-side, but growing- 
 weaker rather than stronger he returned to 
 the City, and, on the morning of Monday, the 
 twenty-fourth day of August, yielded his life. 
 He died as he had livedj "looking unto Jesus." 
 On the Thursday following we buried him, 
 
 14 
 
158 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 not witliout tears : tears of grief that lie had 
 gone from earth ; t( 
 had entered heaven. 
 
 gone from earth ; tears of gladness that he 
 
 But I must hasten. Of the fifty-two com- 
 municants constituting this Church, Mrs. Eli- 
 zabeth GouRLEY, Avife of John Gourley, Elder, 
 now Mrs. Close, widow of the late Henry 
 Close, is the only survivor; and she, to-day, 
 is a communicant in the Church on Sixth 
 Street above Green. With us, however, there 
 lingers still a venerable woman, Mrs. Sarah 
 Moore, who, connecting herself on profession 
 with the Second Church in 1805 and wor- 
 shipping at Second and Coates from the open- 
 ing there by Dr. Green of the house which he 
 and others built, was received on certificate 
 into the communion of this Church, the fifth 
 day of March, 1814, a few weeks after Mr. 
 Patterson's installation. So far as I know, 
 
PERPETUITY OF CHURCH-LIFE. 159 
 
 these aged and devout women are the sole 
 links between our Church's present and its 
 earliest past. 
 
 To the original fifty-two, there have been 
 added, during the half century, twenty-five 
 hundred and two persons, an average of fifty 
 a year. Of the whole number connected with 
 the Church from the first, many have died in 
 its communion ; many have entered the com- 
 munion of other Churches in this City or else- 
 where ; some have been dismissed in a body 
 to constitute new Churches; and some have 
 proved unfaithful to their covenant vows. 
 
 What assurance have we in this that nei- 
 ther death nor dismission nor defection can 
 destroy an individual Church's life so long as 
 it has the favor of its Living Head. Through 
 fifty years this Church has had a visible suc- 
 cession, and shall have, through three times 
 fifty years to come, if proving loyal to the 
 
IGO THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 highest truth, and needful to the gloiy of its 
 Lord. 
 
 In the half century now completed, this 
 Church has had the oversight of four Presby- 
 teries, each a constituent of the General As- 
 sembly of the Presbyterian Church in the 
 United States of America, namely, the Phila- 
 delphia Presbytery ; the Philadelphia Second, 
 commonly designated the Assembly's Second; 
 the Philadelphia Third, the same substan- 
 tially as the Assembly's Second ; and the 
 Philadelphia Fourth. With the Philadelj)hia 
 Presbj^tery it was connected from its organi- 
 zation in 1814 to the year 1832; with the 
 Philadelphia Second, from 1832 to 1836; with 
 the Philadelphia Third, from 1836 to 1851; 
 with the Philadelphia Fourth, from 1851 to 
 this present time. 
 
 All acquainted, however slightly, with eccle- 
 
THE LANDSCAPE'S EYE. IGl 
 
 siastical conflicts and changes in this City, 
 recognize in these Presbj^terial connections 
 the outline of that painful story, which tells 
 the cleaving in twain of the great Presbyte- 
 rian body, and the standing apart, to this 
 day, in despite of substantial oneness in faith 
 and order, of the powerful fragments. 
 
 And now, having asked of the days that 
 are past in respect to the first half century of 
 our history as a Church, I conclude all with 
 some few thoughts which the inquiry has 
 pressed upon me. 
 
 1. One thought is, the i^oioer for good of 
 every individual Church. 
 
 In the pictorial language of the old He- 
 brews, the word used to express a natural 
 spring of living water is properly the word 
 for the human eye. The idea thus enshrined 
 is the beautiful one that a bubbling, ever- 
 
 14- 
 
1G2 THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 flowing fountain is the eye of the landscape. 
 What life in such an eye ! What greenness, 
 growth, grace, glory, all around it ! 
 
 Now, this Church of the Living God, in 
 sense the very grandest, has been the land- 
 scape's eye. Think of the death and dark- 
 ness which once reigned throughout the 
 Liberties! Think of the life and liaht which 
 from this Church, as from an ever-welling 
 spring, have steadily flowed ! What the pro- 
 23het saw as shadowy vision, we see as sub- 
 stantial fact: "Li the wilderness have waters 
 broken out, and streams in the desert; the 
 parched ground has become a pool, and the 
 thirsty land springs of water." 
 
 2. But another thought, Avhich inquiry of 
 the past has brought home to me with force, 
 is iJie responsibility to God and men of every 
 individual memher of a Church, 
 
 When we speak of forty prayer-meetings. 
 
RESPONSIBILITY OF INDIVIDUALS. I(j3 
 
 and of twenty-three Sunday-schools, sustained 
 by this Church, at various times, in fifty years, 
 we simply say that very many of the twenty- 
 five hundred members whose names have, first 
 and last, been placed upon our Church-roll, 
 owned and obeyed the promptings of a real- 
 ized, individual responsibility. Not else could 
 such results have been achieved. Those coral 
 islands which insects build, depend not more 
 on the industry of every tiny worker, than 
 meetings for worship, and schools for instruc- 
 tion, on the fidelity of every individual helper 
 in them. 
 
 Now, in strict proportion to the value, tem- 
 poral and spiritual, of religious meetings and 
 'Sunday-schools, is the responsibility to God 
 and men of individual Church-members. In 
 the light of our history Ave cannot but see 
 clearly what vast responsibilities rested on 
 such faithful workers in the Eldership as 
 
1g4 the days that are past. 
 
 Joseph Abbott, Eobert Sawyer, Isaac Will, 
 and Charles Deal, and on such equally faith- 
 ful workers in the membership as Cyrus Dan- 
 forth and Margaret Reynolds, James Todd 
 and Sarah Keim, Harvey Hand and Mary 
 Stuart Davis, all now upon our roll of honored 
 dead. 
 
 But certainl}^ we cannot fail to see in the 
 light of this same history, that responsibilities 
 not less vast, rested on all who, with abili- 
 ties coextensive with those of the worthies 
 whom we honor, fell short in diligence and 
 duty. The good 7 tot accomplished by pro- 
 fessed workers in the Master's vineyard, is 
 quite as real a measure of individual responsi- 
 bility as that which has been. 
 
 brethren ! what need for us to lay all this 
 to heart ! We are now in the place of hun- 
 dreds who have gone before us. From them 
 all ; from faithful and unfaithful ones alike ; 
 
SHORTNESS OF LIFE'S WORKING TERM. 165 
 
 we catch the echoes of Christ's word to each 
 of us: Be thou faithful unto death. 
 
 3. But still another thought, which inquiry 
 of the past has made to me overwhelmingly 
 impressive, is the shortness of life's working 
 term. 
 
 As I have read the manuscript records of 
 the Church and Congregation, following cha- 
 racters traced by hands long mouldered into 
 dust, I have had a buried generation round 
 me. Now the penmanship is that of the 
 FIRST pastor of this Church, and now of the 
 THIRD. Now the scribe brought vividly before 
 me is William Porter, a secretary of the 
 Board of Trustees, whom I never saw; and 
 now he is Edward F. Watson, a secretary of 
 this same Board, whom, ten years ago, I 
 buried. Now, page after page, is the work of 
 that faithful Sunday-school teacher and super- 
 intendent, Oren Hyde; and now a massive 
 
IGG THE DAYS THAT ARE PAST. 
 
 volume is the ten years' work of that equally 
 faithful Sunday-school teacher and superin- 
 tendent, John M. Lindsay. 
 
 In literal sense, I have " entered into their 
 labors," but the laborers — where are they ? 
 From pulpit and from pew, I hear their voices 
 Avhispering, "One generation passe th away, 
 and another generation cometh." Short, in- 
 deed, was the term of their working time, and 
 ours, brethren, will be as short! 
 
 Then, let us work while it is day ; let us 
 do with our might what our hands find to do. 
 " They that be wise shall shine as the bright- 
 ness of the firmament; and they that turn 
 many to righteousness, as the stars forever 
 and ever." 
 
 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, and 
 the love of god, and the communion of the 
 Holy Ghost be with you all. Amen. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 CHAKTER OF THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH 
 IN THE NORTHERN LIBERTIES. 
 
 CHARTEE. 
 
 The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, 
 
 To all to who7n these presents shall come,- greeting : 
 Whereas Providence has been pleased to cast the 
 lot of the persons whose names are hereunto sub- 
 scribed, in this highly favored country of civil and 
 religious liberty, where every person may worship 
 Almighty God agreeably to the dictates of his con- 
 science; and whereas the subscribers, citizens of the 
 State of Pennsylvania, and worshippers in the Pres- 
 byterian Church, at the corner of Second and Coates 
 Streets, in the township of the Northern Liberties, 
 and county of Philadelphia, lately collegiate with 
 the Second Presbyterian Church, in the city of 
 Philadelphia, have, by and with the consent of the 
 Trustees and people of said Second Presbyterian 
 
168 APPENDIX. 
 
 Church, in the city of Philadelphia, and sanctioned 
 b}" an unanimous resolution of the Presbytery of 
 Philadelphia, belonging to the General Assembly of 
 the Presbyterian Church in the United States of 
 America, convened at Philadelphia on the twentieth 
 da}^ of April, A. D. 1813, agreed to form the people 
 worshipping in the building erected in the Northern 
 Liberties, into a Church distinct and separate from 
 the Second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia, to 
 be styled " The First Presbyterian Church in the 
 Northern Liberties," to remain under the care and 
 government of the said Presb^'tery of Philadelphia : 
 
 Now know 3^e, that the said persons whose names 
 are hereunto subscribed, citizens of the said Com- 
 monwealth of Pennsylvania, having associated them- 
 selves for the purpose of worshipping Almighty 
 God, and being desirous of acquiring and enjoying 
 the powers and immunities of a corporation and 
 body politic in law, it is hereby declared : 
 
 Section 1. That the said subscribers and their suc- 
 cessors, being citizens as aforesaid, be, and they are 
 hereb}^ constituted and declared to be one body, 
 politic and corporate in law, by the name, style, and 
 title of the " First Presbyterian Church in the North- 
 ern Liberties," to have perpetual succession, and to 
 be able to sue and be sued, to plead and to be im- 
 pleaded in all courts of record, and to receive, pur- 
 chase, hold, and enjo/; to-them and their successors, 
 lands, tenements and hereditaments, goods and chat- 
 tels, of whatever nature, kind, or quality, real, person- 
 al, or mixed; and the same from time to time to sell, 
 
APPENDIX. 1G9 
 
 grant, demise, or dispose of, according to the objects, 
 articles, and conditions of this instrument, and ac- 
 cording to the by-laws of the corporation, or the will 
 and intentions of the donors ; and to make, have, 
 and use a common seal, and the same to break, alter, 
 and renew at their pleasure, and also to ordain, esta- 
 blish, and put in execution such by-laws, ordinances, 
 and regulations as shall be needful for the good 
 government and support of the aifairs of the said 
 corporation, not being contrary to the laws and con- 
 stitution of the United States, or of this State, or to 
 the articles and provisions of this instrument of 
 incorporation ; and generally to do all and singular 
 the matter and thing which to them shall appertain 
 as a body corporate in law ; provided always, that 
 the clear yearly value, income, interest, or dividend 
 of the messuages, lands, real estate, hereditaments, 
 moneys, stock, goods, or chattels of the said corpora- 
 tion, shall not exceed the sum of five hundred pounds. 
 Section 2. That the affairs of this corporation 
 shall be iftanaged by fifteen Trustees, to be chosen by 
 ballot, at such times and in such a manner and form 
 as is hereafter directed; provided, that the persons 
 who have been already chosen as Trustees, viz., Jo- 
 seph Grice, John Gourley, Eobert Wallace, Joseph 
 Abbott, Andrew Manderson, Joseph Weatherby, 
 Branch Green, William White, John M. Hood, John 
 Baker, John Shaw, Samuel Ma'cferran, George Ben- 
 ner, Benjamin Naglee, and Samuel Grice, shall con- 
 tinue to be Trustees of this corporation, until others 
 
 15 
 
170 APPENDIX. 
 
 shall be chosen to succeed them, according to the 
 provisions of this instrument. 
 
 Section 3. That of the aforesaid Trustees, Josej^h 
 Grrice, John Gourley, Eobert Wallace, Joseph Abbott, 
 and Andrew Manderson, shall continue to serve until 
 the first Monday in December, in the year of our 
 Lord one thousand. eight hundred and fourteen, and 
 until others are chosen in their stead; that Joseph 
 Weatherby, Branch Green, William White, John M. 
 Hood, and John Baker, shall continue to serve until 
 the first Monday in December, in the year of our 
 Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifteen, and 
 until others are chosen in their stead; that John 
 Shaw, Samuel Macferran, George Benner, Benjamin 
 Naglee, and Samuel Grice, shall continue to serve 
 until the first Monday in December, in the year of 
 our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixteen, 
 and until others are chosen in their stead. 
 
 Section 4. That on the first Monday in December, 
 of every year, the Congregation shall meet, public 
 notice having been given from the Clerk's"desk the 
 Sunday preceding, for the purpose of electing, by 
 ballot, five jDcrsons to supply the places of those 
 Trustees whose time of service shall have expired at 
 that period ; and the vacancies may be suj^plied by 
 a re-election of the same persons, or of others, as may 
 seem good to the Congregation, and if by accident 
 an election shall not be held for the purpose afore- 
 said, within one month after public notice having 
 been given, as above stated : provided, those Trus- 
 tees whose time of service expires shall continue to 
 
APPENDIX. 171 
 
 serve until such election. Yacancies by death, remo- 
 val, or resignation of any of the Trustees, may be 
 supplied by a special meeting held for that purpose, 
 after public notice to the Congregation. 
 
 Section 5. No person shall be eligible to the office 
 of Trustee, or capable of voting for Trustees, except 
 such as contribute to the support of the Minister, to 
 the Burial-ground, and to the funds of the Church 
 generally, and who shall hold a pew, or part of a 
 pew, in the aforesaid Church, in payment not less 
 than one dollar and twenty-five cents annually, and 
 shall not be in arrears for pew rent more than one 
 year at the time of election. 
 
 Section 6. That the Trustees shall meet within 
 three days after the election on the first Monday in 
 December of every year, and select by ballot from 
 among themselves, a President, Secretary, and Trea- 
 surer, and it shall be in the power of the Trustees to 
 remove all or any of the aforesaid officers, whenever 
 in their opinion the good of the Congregation re- 
 quires. The Treasurer shall receive and account for 
 all moneys coming to his hands belonging to the 
 Church ; shall give ample security on his accepting 
 the office; and shall have his accounts settled an- 
 nually, to be laid before the Congregation at their 
 annual election for Trustees. 
 
 Section 7. That a majority of the Trustees shall 
 form a quorum to transact all business; they shall 
 keep fair records of their proceedings ; their power 
 shall extend to letting or renting pews, collecting 
 pew rents, and dues of the corporation; keeping the 
 
172 APPENDIX. 
 
 hoTise in repair; paying the interest and debts of the 
 corporation ; choosing a Clerk and Sexton, with full 
 powers to dismiss both or either of them, and choose 
 others, whenever it shall seem good; collecting and 
 paying the salaries of the Minister, Clerk, and Sex- 
 ton : provided, that the said Trustees shall have no 
 power to sell, alienate, or dispose of the property, or 
 expend the funds of the Congregation for any pur- 
 pose whatever (except the salaries of Minister, Clerk, 
 and Sexton) beyond the sum of three hundred dol- 
 lars per annum, without the consent of a majority of 
 a congregational meeting, convened for the purpose 
 after due notification. 
 
 Section 8. Whenever a special meeting of the 
 Congregation shall be deemed necessary by a majo- 
 rity of the Trustees, it shall be their duty to call the 
 Congregation together, by giving notice in the usual 
 form, at least three days previous to the meeting, 
 stating the time when, the place where, and the 
 purpose for which the meeting is to be held. 
 
 (Here follow the signatures of the subscribers to the foregoing 
 instrument.) 
 
 1 certify that I have perused and examined the 
 foregoing instrument, and am of opinion that the ob- 
 jects, articles, and conditions, therein set forth and 
 contained, are, lawful. 
 
 Jaret) Ingersoll, 
 
 December 14th, 1813. Attorney-General. 
 
APPENDIX. 173 
 
 We, the Justices of the Supreme Court of the Com- 
 monwealth of Pennsylvania, hereby certify that we 
 have carefully examined the foregoing instrument of 
 writing, and concur in opinion with the Attorney- 
 General, that the objects, articles, and conditions, 
 therein set forth and contained, are lawful. 
 
 Witness our hands, this sixteenth day of Decem- 
 ber, in the year one thousand eight hundred and 
 thirteen. 
 
 Wllliam Tilghman, 
 J. Yeates, 
 
 Hugh P. Brackenridge. 
 Pennsylvania, ss. 
 In the name, and by the authority, of the Common- 
 wealth of Pennsylvania, 
 Simon Snyder, Governor of the said Commonwealth, 
 to Nathaniel B. Boileau, Esq., Secretary of the said 
 Commonwealth, sends greeting : 
 
 Whereas it has been duly certified to me 
 [seal.] by Jared Ingersoll, Attorney-General of the 
 said Commonwealth, and by William Tilgh- 
 man, Esq., Chief Justice, Jasper Yeates, and Hugh 
 P. Brackenridge, Esqrs., Associate Judges of the Su- 
 preme Court of Pennsylvania, that they have re- 
 spectively perused and examined the annexed act, 
 or instrument for the incorporation of the '■^First 
 Presbyterian Church in the Northern Liberties'^ and 
 that they concur in opinion that the objects, articles, 
 and conditions, therein set forth and contained, are 
 lawful : 
 
 Now know you, that in pursuance of an act of the 
 
 15* 
 
1 74 APPENDIX. 
 
 rjeneral AsHcmbl)^, passed the sixth day of April, 
 in tlie year of our Lord one thousand seven hun- 
 dred and ninety-one, entitled '• An act to confer 
 on certain associations of the citizens of this Com- 
 monwealth, the powers and immunities of corj^ora- 
 tions, or bodies politic in law," I have transmitted the 
 said act, or instrument of incorporation, unto you, 
 the said Nathaniel B. Boileau, Esq., Secretary as afore- 
 said, hereby requiring you to enrol the same at the 
 expense of the applicants ; to the intent, that accord- 
 ing to the objects, articles, and conditions,* therein 
 set forth and contained, the parties may become and 
 be a corporation, and body j)olitic in law and in fact, 
 to have continfiance by the name, style, and title, in 
 the said instrument provided and declared. 
 
 Given under my hand, and the great seal of the 
 State, at Harrisburg, the fifth day of January, one 
 thousand eio-ht hundred and fourteen, and of the 
 Commonwealth, the thirty-eighth. 
 By the Grovernor. 
 
 JS". B. Boileau, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 K. B. Boileau, 
 
 Secretary. 
 
 Secretary's Office, Harrisburg, January 
 [SEAL.] 6th, 1814. Enrolled in the office of the Se- 
 cretary of the Commonwealth, in book No. 
 1, page 315, &c. &c., containing a record of sundry 
 incorporations of religious, charitable, and literary 
 societies. Witness my hand, and the lesser seal of 
 the State, at Harrisburg aforesaid, the day and year 
 aforesaid. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 i'o 
 
 II. 
 
 TKUSTEES OF THE EIEST PEESBYTERIAN CHURCH 
 IN THE NORTHERN LIBERTIES. 
 
 The corporate number of Trustees is fifteen, di- 
 vided into three classes, which serve one, two, and 
 three years respectively. Of the Trustees in the 
 following list, many were re-elected at various times, 
 but their names appear but once in connection with 
 the first year of their election. The time of annual 
 election is the first Monday in December. Presi- 
 dents of the Board are designated by small capitals. 
 
 TRUSTEES. 
 
 Joseph Grice, 
 John Gourley, 
 Robert Wallace, 
 Joseph Abbott, 
 Andrew Manderson 
 Joseph Weatherby, 
 Branch Green, 
 William White, 
 John M, Hood, 
 John Baker, 
 John Shaw, . 
 Samuel Macferran, 
 George Benner, 
 Benjamin Naglee, 
 Samuel Grice, . 
 John Naglee, . 
 John Brown, . 
 Robert Brooke, 
 
 YEAR OF ELECTION. 
 1813. 
 
 1814. 
 
176 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 TRUSTEES. 
 
 Rees Morris, 
 Thomas White, 
 Andrew Wray, 
 Charles Dingey, 
 Francis Markoe, 
 "William A. Stokes, 
 Samuel S. Barry, 
 Joseph Pond, . 
 Isaac Will, 
 Charles Anderson, 
 Charles Elliott, 
 William Porter, 
 William Simons, 
 John Doughty, 
 Cyrus Danforth, 
 William Bruner, 
 Leonard Jewell, 
 William Heiss, 
 J. George Flegel, 
 Adam H. Hinkel, 
 George Shade, . 
 John Dickerson, 
 Henry Close, . 
 John Hooker, . 
 George Cragg, . 
 Jacob W. Smith, 
 Hugh S. Magee, 
 John Keim, 
 E. IST. Bridges, 
 Joseph Ketler, 
 George Wilson, 
 Horatio Sansbury, M 
 James Patterson, 
 James Russell, 
 Joseph Naglee, 
 
 .D. 
 
 YEAR OF ELECTION. 
 1814. 
 
 1815. 
 
 1816. 
 
 1817. 
 <( 
 
 a 
 
 1818. 
 
 n 
 II 
 li 
 
 1819. 
 
 1820. 
 
 1821. 
 1823. 
 
 1824. 
 1825. 
 
 1826. 
 
 1828. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 177 
 
 TRUSTEES. 
 
 John Moore, 
 Isaac Wright, . 
 Matthew Walker, . 
 Andrew Fenton, . 
 James Donnelly, 
 William Heaton, 
 Jacob Stout, 
 Thomas Wilson, M.D., 
 William P. Aitken, 
 Smith Law, 
 Andrew D. Caldwell, 
 Seth Collom, . 
 Jacob Painter, 
 William Piss, . 
 Lemuel P. Burton, . 
 M. M. Levis, M.D., 
 Samuel Kirkpatrick, 
 H. Kellogg, . 
 Ezekiel B. Poster, . 
 James Hunt, 
 Henry Young, 
 William Soby, 
 Thomas B. Smith, . 
 James Todd, , 
 William W. Perrine,.M 
 Nicholas Helverson, 
 Stilwell Eldredge, . 
 Nicholas B. Unruh, 
 Anthony M. Warthman 
 Henry Bellerjeau, . 
 Benjamin Schlatter, 
 William Stratton, . 
 James White, . 
 Anthony Green, 
 John M. Test, . 
 
 D. 
 
 YEAR OF ELECTION 
 
 1828. 
 
 1829. 
 
 1830. 
 1831. 
 
 1832. 
 
 1833. 
 1834. 
 
 1835. 
 
 1836. 
 1837. 
 
 1838. 
 
 1839. 
 1840. 
 
 1841. 
 
178 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 TRUSTEES. 
 
 Harvey Hand, 
 
 James S. Smith, 
 Jenkin P. Tutton, 
 John M. Lindsay, 
 Thomas Leitch, 
 Alexander W. Hall, 
 Martin Bellows, 
 James Gay, 
 Robert Haig, 
 James T. Brodie, 
 Edward F. Watson, 
 Eli H. Eldridge, 
 James Mitchel, 
 Peter A. Jordan, 
 William D. Baker, 
 Christian Dull, 
 Edward Hobart, 
 Jacob Wagner, 
 Robert Lindsay, 
 Jesse M. Cook, 
 Simeon T. Zane, 
 William S. Magee, 
 Thomas Woodbury 
 Enos Bartlett, . 
 Henry S. Tarr, 
 J. Atlee White, 
 Jacob H. Ziegenfus, 
 Oliver A. Lindsay, 
 Thomas Darling, M.D., 
 George S. Sharp, 
 William Kennedy, 
 Isaac D. Budd, 
 William S. Black, 
 Oscar Knipe, . 
 John S. Hoflfman, 
 
 YEAR OF ELECTION. 
 
 1842. 
 
 1843. 
 1844. 
 
 1845. 
 
 (( 
 
 1846. 
 
 It 
 
 1847. 
 
 1848. 
 1849. 
 
 1850. 
 
 a 
 ii 
 
 1851. 
 1852. 
 
 1853. 
 
 (( 
 
 1854. 
 
 1855. 
 185(3. 
 1857. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 17^ 
 
 TRUSTEES. 
 
 YEAR OF ELECTION 
 
 Natlianiel 0. Bennett, 
 
 . 1857. 
 
 Jacob T. Whilt, 
 
 ( I 
 
 Charles Bossert, 
 
 a 
 
 Joseph W. Norbury, 
 
 . 1858. 
 
 Charles H. Eldredge, 
 
 i i 
 
 John F. Taggart, 
 
 . 1860. 
 
 John T. Sawyer, 
 
 << 
 
 Joseph Campbell, 
 
 a 
 
 Kichard S. Cline, 
 
 it 
 
 Charles H. Davis, 
 
 a 
 
 John Philip Erwin, 
 
 . 1861. 
 
 John Gay, 
 
 . 1862. 
 
 TKUSTEES IN OFFICE, JANUAEY, 1864. 
 
 Thomas Woodbury, President. 
 
 Joseph W. Norbury, Secretary. 
 
 John Gay, Treasurer. 
 
 William S. Magee, Pew Agent. 
 
 Charles H. Eldredge. 
 
 Charles Bossert. 
 
 Martin Bellows. 
 
 Nathaniel O. Bennett. 
 
 John T. Sawyer. 
 
 John F. Taggart. 
 
 William Kennedy. 
 
 Joseph Campbell. 
 
 Richard S. Cline. 
 
 Oliver A. Lindsay. 
 
 John Philip Erwin. 
 
180 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 III. 
 
 NAMES OF COMMUNICANTS 
 
 Dismissed from Philadelphia Second Presbyterian 
 Church, to Constitute "The First Presbyterian 
 Church in the Northern Liberties." 
 
 Samuel Macferran, 
 Joseph Abbott, 
 John Grourley, 
 Thomas White,, 
 Peter Benner, 
 Sarah Henderson, 
 Susannah Lutz, 
 William White, 
 Sarah Crawford, 
 Margaret Patterson, 
 Margaret Wallace, 
 Elizabeth Forsj'th, 
 Elizabeth Wallheimer, 
 Joseph Grice, 
 Mary Grice, 
 Margaret Naglee, 
 Ann Ford, 
 Mary Eice, 
 Susannah Ziegler, 
 Elizabeth Ziegler, 
 Catharine Dempsey, 
 Catharine Hartman, 
 Susannah Pollock, 
 Lucretia Fry, 
 Martha Craige, 
 Sarah Fenton, 
 
 Mary Green, 
 Mary Macferran, 
 Nancy White, 
 Susannah McClurg, 
 Rebecca Wilson, 
 Jane White, 
 Jane Campbell, Sr., 
 Jane Campbell, Jr., 
 Joshua Burley, 
 Rebecca Burley, 
 Mary Smith, 
 Amey Free, 
 Elizabeth Jones, 
 Margaret Crawford, 
 Mary Phile, 
 John M. Hood, 
 Francis Grice, 
 Benjamin Wells, 
 Elizabeth Segar, 
 Mary Wells, 
 William Wallace, 
 Andrew Manderson, 
 Elizabeth Manderson, 
 Elizabeth Abbott, 
 Elizabeth Gourley. 
 
APPENDIX. 181 
 
 In the above list there are but fifty-one names. 
 Fifty-two persons, in November, 1813, asked to be 
 dismissed, but, before the dismission, one, Margaret 
 White, had, it is supposed, deceased. On the day of 
 the ordination and installation of the Session, 23d 
 May, 1813, Thomas A. Starrett was admitted to 
 the communion, and was reckoned with those con- 
 stituting the Church. A few weeks after Mr. Pat- 
 terson's installation, the following persons, in con- 
 nection with the Second Church, but worshipping 
 statedly at Second and Coates Streets, were added to 
 the original communicants, * 
 
 Susannah Ferguson, Margaret Templeton, 
 
 Lydia Dusenberry, Sarah Hamlin, 
 
 Deborah Johnston, Elizabeth Johnston, 
 
 John Moore, Rachel Morris, 
 
 Sarah Moore, Mary Engle. 
 
 lY. 
 
 SUPERINTENDENTS OF THE SUNDAY-SCHOOLS 
 
 Established at various Times, and sustained for 
 longer or shorter periods, by members of phila- 
 DELPHIA N. L. First Church, 
 
 The lists of Superintendents in such schools as 
 were controlled by the Union Sabbath-school As- 
 sociation, whose records from February, 1820, are 
 the only records now accessible, show the names in 
 the order of t\iQ\v first election, regardless of subse- 
 quent elections, or of repeated transfers from one 
 school to another. As some of these earlier schools 
 
 16 
 
182 APPENDIX. 
 
 had male and female departments, with correspond- 
 ent superintendents, their lists, for a limited period, 
 show names that were contemporaneous. 
 
 Of the schools that were under the care of the 
 Combined Association, and of those begun by indi- 
 viduals acting independently, no accurate lists can 
 be given. The lists as given are entirely from recol- 
 lection, and cannot claim to be full. 
 
 CoATE^ Street School, U. S. S. A. 
 
 Designated thus from its establishment in 1815 to 
 its removal in 1833 to the new Church edifice, when 
 it was named Buttonwood Street School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. ASSISTANT. 
 
 Margaret Keynolds, 
 
 Cyrus Danforth, 
 
 Martha Agnew, Maria Morgan. 
 
 T. K. M. Anderson, 
 
 William Cunningham, 
 
 William P. Aitken, 
 
 Benjamin Naglee, 
 
 Joseph Naglee. 
 
 BuTTONwooD Street School, U. S. S. A. 
 
 At the removal from Coates Street to Buttonwood 
 Street, William P. Aitken was superintendent. His 
 successors were 
 
APPENDIX. 183 
 
 PRINCIPAL. ASSISTANT. 
 
 Lemuel P. Burton, 
 
 Samuel Kirkpatrick, 
 
 James Hunt, 
 
 James Todd, 
 
 John M. Lindsay", James S. Smith, 
 
 James S. Smith, Thomas Leitcli, 
 
 Anthony M. Warthman, Nicholas B. Unruh, 
 
 Peter A. Jordan, 
 Henry Bellerjeau, 
 Horatio B. Lincoln. 
 
 Of the above list, Anthony M. AVarthman and Ho- 
 ratio B. Lincoln are the superintendents at the pre- 
 sent time. 
 
 II. 
 
 Spring Garden School, TJ. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. ASSISTANT. 
 
 Oren Hyde, 
 
 Margaret Wolbert, 
 
 Joseph Naglee, 
 
 William Soby, . Simeon T. Zane. 
 
 Of the above list, William Soby was superintend- 
 ent, by successive election, from 1825 to 1851, a period 
 of more than a quarter century. 
 
 III. 
 
 CoHOCKSiNK School, U. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL, 
 
 Edward Keynolds, Kobert Adair, 
 
 Jacob Stout, William Erhardt, 
 
 William Cunningham, William Mulison, 
 
 John M. Test, Thomas P. Aitken, 
 
 Thomas Wilson. 
 
184 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
 IV. 
 
 Kensington School, U. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Eliza Soiider, 
 Maria Morgan, 
 Ephraim Crowell, 
 Elizabeth B. Smith, 
 Elizabeth White, 
 John M. Test, 
 Thomas P. Aitken, 
 David B. Ayres, 
 William E. Cornwell, 
 Jacob Stout, 
 Harvey Hand, 
 William Stratton, 
 James S. Smith, 
 Jacob H, Ziegenfus, 
 Henry C. Sheppard, 
 
 ASSISTANT. 
 
 Anthony M. Warthman, 
 Thomas Leitch, 
 Christian Dull, 
 Daniel M. Price, 
 Enos Bartlett, 
 Charles D. Shaw, 
 Henry C. Sheppard. 
 
 V. 
 
 Colored School, U. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Joseph Naglee, 
 Oren Hyde, 
 William Heaton, 
 
 William P. Aitken, 
 William Mulison, 
 John Erhardt. 
 
 VI. 
 
 Nazarene School, U. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 William Erhardt, Joseph Naglee, 
 
 Joseph Aitken. 
 
APPENDIX. 185 
 
 VII. 
 
 First Combined School, Second Street and Ger- 
 mantown Road. 
 
 Superintendents not known. 
 VIII. 
 
 Second Combined School, in third story of Lecture- 
 Eoom on Coates Street. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Charles Bender, George Warner, 
 
 Samuel Kirkpatrick. 
 
 IX. 
 
 Third Combined School, in Ulrick's Alley. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Philip Hess, Charles Bender. 
 
 Fourth Combined School^ in Hope Street. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 William E. Corn well, Andrew Caldwell. 
 
 XI. 
 
 Barton School'. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Maria Morgan. 
 IG* 
 
18G APPENDIX. 
 
 XII. 
 Hart Lane School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Anthony M. Warthman, James McMuUin, 
 
 John Cassner. 
 
 XIII. 
 
 EisiNG Sun School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Adam H. Hinkel, Samuel P. Shoch. 
 
 XIV. 
 
 Eace Street School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Leclden Davis. 
 XV. 
 
 Eastburn School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Seth Collom, Charles C. Aitken. 
 
 XVI. 
 
 Kirke White School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Thomas Brainerd, Matthew Walker, 
 
 Samuel Kirkpatrick, Charles C. Aitken. 
 
APPENDIX. 187 
 
 XVII. 
 Infant School, TJ. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Mrs. Kev. James Patterson, Miss Caroline E. Elmes, 
 Miss Mary C. Patterson, Mrs. Julia Hall, 
 
 Miss Julia Patterson, Miss Emma H. Patterson, 
 
 Miss Margaret Soby, Miss Sarah C. Patterson, 
 
 Miss Mary K. Stevenson. 
 
 Of the above list, Miss Emma H. Patterson, Miss 
 Sarah C. Patterson, and Miss Mary K. Stevenson 
 are, at present, the associated teachers. 
 
 XVIII. 
 
 Missionary School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 William S. Keim, Samuel Kirkpatrick, 
 
 Almon Bardin. 
 
 XIX. 
 
 Marion School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Thomas B. Smith, James Graham, 
 
 Joseph Stoneman. 
 
 At the opening of this school, 6th December, 1835, 
 the following hymn, written by Thomas E. Eoss, 
 was sung: 
 
188 APPENDIX. 
 
 Hymn. 
 
 Blessed Saviour ! smile propitious 
 
 On this little gathering here : 
 Are not groups of children ])recious 
 
 When before Thee they appear ? 
 
 Now we bring the heart-oblation, 
 
 Humble though the ofF'ring be; 
 Now Ve make, a consecration 
 
 Of this Sunday-school to Thee. 
 
 May we come with feelings fervent, 
 "While we bow before Thy throne ; 
 
 Make each teacher here Thy servant, 
 Make this Sunday-school Thine own. 
 
 To Thy feet we come, dear Saviour, 
 
 And we there our off' ring lay; 
 May we now obtain Thy favor; 
 
 For Thy blessing now we pray. 
 
 Mr. Ross, for many years a faithful Sunday-school 
 teacher, despite infirmities Avhich many would have 
 judged sufficient to exempt him, has, since the above 
 notice of the Marion School was written, deceased. 
 He listened to the semi-centenary discourses with 
 great interest, having given the pastor much valuable 
 information, but before the discourses were printed, 
 he passed from the labors of earth to the rest of 
 Heaven. 
 
 XX. 
 
 CoATES Street Colored School. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 David Henderson. 
 
APPENDIX. 189 
 
 XXI. 
 
 Union School, TJ. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 Charles S. Rea. 
 XXII. 
 
 Penn Hose School, U. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 William Stratton. 
 XXIII. 
 
 Briggsville School, U. S. S. A. 
 
 PRINCIPAL. 
 
 "William Hutton, Jr., Eev. Alvin H. Parker. 
 
190 
 
 APPENDIX. 
 
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