na"H:kew H nender'Son 
 
 TKe Dcx>^s of OU 
 
 \ > 
 
 .SJ6T& 
 W4 
 
THE DAYS OF OLD; 
 
 CENTENNIAL DISCOURSE, 
 
 DELIVERED IN TRINITY CHURCH, NEWARK, N. J., 
 FEBRUARY 22, 1846. 
 
 MATTlfEW H. HENDERSON, M. A. 
 
 '•■ RECTOR. 
 
 PUBLISHED BY REQUEST 
 
 NEW-YORK : 
 
 PRINTED BY LEAVITT, TROW, AND COMPANY, 
 
 194 Broadway. 
 
 1846. 
 
Newark, April I3th, 1846. 
 Rev. Matthew H. Henderson : 
 
 Dear Sir: — At a meeting of the Vestry of Trinity Church, held on Easter 
 Even, April 11th, 1846, the following preamble and resolution were unanimously 
 adopted : 
 
 " Whereas, on occasion of the late Centennial Anniversary of the granting of 
 the Charter of this Church, a discourse was delivered by the Rector, which 
 furnished a history of the parish from that period to the present time, and, in 
 addition, contained many valuable and highly interesting facts relating to the early 
 establishment of the Church in this section of New Jersey, and as the said dis- 
 course is eminently worthy of preservation : 
 
 " Therefore, Resolved, That the Rector be requested to furnish a copy of his 
 discourse delivered February 22d, 1846, for publication." 
 
 In accordance therewith, we would beg leave to urge you to comply with the 
 request the resolution contains, and remain. 
 Very respectfully, 
 
 Your obedient servants. 
 
 Archer Gifford, Warden. 
 Jabez W. Hayes, 
 * Samuel Meeker, 
 
 George C. Ruckel, 
 Abraham Cross, -tx^,, 
 
 ik, ■*' William Wright, tt- .. 
 
 * Thomas P. NoRRis, }■ Vestrymen. 
 
 Silas Merchant, 
 Jabez P. Pennington, 
 William T. Merger, 
 Joseph E. Trippe, J 
 
 Extract from the minutes of the annual meeting of the congregation of 
 Trinity Church, held Easter Monday, 1846. 
 
 " The following preamble and resolutions were unanimously adopted : 
 
 " It having been represented to the congregation that the late Vestry have 
 requested the Rector of this Church to furnish them a copy of his Centennial 
 Sermon for publication ; it was, therefore, 
 
 " Resolved, That the congregation of this Church tender their respectful thanks 
 to the Rev. M. H. Henderson, for the interesting sketch of the history of this 
 Church presented in his Centennial Sermon ; and do hereby express their desire 
 that he will comply with the request of the Vestry to furnish a copy of the same 
 for publication, in order that the valuable fruits of his industry and research may 
 be durably preserved. 
 
 " Resolved, That the Clerk furnish a copy of the above resolution to the Rector, 
 and that it be prefixed to the Sermon when published." 
 
 THOMAS D. CLEARMAN, Clerk. 
 
ADVERTISEMENT. 
 
 Having been led, in the following discourse, incidentally to 
 notice some points respecting the political position and influence of 
 the Protestant Episcopal Church, in regard to which he conceives 
 there is much ignorance or misapprehension ; the author would state, 
 that his remarks have no particular nor invidious reference. His 
 aim and desire was to " speak the truth in love " — ^giving no just 
 cause of offence — while endeavoring to relieve the Church to which 
 he is attached from imputations too frequently, and he may add very 
 unnecessarily, cast upon her. 
 
 % 
 
 E R K ATA. 
 
 Page 27, Note 3, for " is" read are.. 
 
DISCOURSE. iP 
 
 Remember the days of old ; consider the years of many 
 generations ; ask thy father, and he will shew thee ; thy 
 elders, and THEY WILL TELL THEE. Deuteronomy 32 : 7. 
 
 Moses, the man of God and leader of Israel, was now 
 a hundred and twenty years old. He had reached the 
 farthest limits of human life. Moreover, God had told 
 him that he should not go over Jordan, and the people 
 stood upon its banks. Wherefore he calls them to- 
 gether to receive his parting counsel and benediction. 
 Having reviewed their history, recounting the various 
 wonderful mercies by which it was distinguished, he en- 
 courages them to trust in the Lord with a willing and 
 faithful heart. 
 
 His work was finished — his task was done — and the 
 faithful servant^ in God's house was now to enter into 
 rest. But one more communication was to be made, 
 ere he ceased entirely from his earthly labours. " The 
 Lord appeared in the tabernacle in the pillar of a cloud," 
 to tell him of the apostasy of the children of Israel after 
 his death, with the sore punishment which should befall 
 them by reason thereof; — even " many evils and trou- 
 bles."^ As a memento therefore, of his mercy and his 
 
 ' Heb. iii. 5. * Deut. xxxi. 17. 
 
truth to all generations, the Lord gave him " a song," 
 which he should teach the children of Israel, and which 
 should be to them as " household words." "Now there- 
 fore write ye this song for you, and teach it the children 
 of Israel ; put it in their mouths, that this song may be 
 a witness for me against the children of Israel." And 
 " Moses wrote this song the same day, and taught it the 
 children of Israel." From that song, the words of the 
 text are taken. They were designed, in common with 
 the whole of this sacred composition, to cherish in His 
 people a memory of the past, which should be through 
 all succeeding ages, for a confirmation of their faith, and 
 a rebuke of their apostasy. 
 
 But while God gave this song to his own people 
 Israel, and the Jewish believer was especially intended 
 to be instructed by it ; w^e also may be edified by its no- 
 ble and inspiring strains, and drink wisdom therefrom, 
 as from its fountain-head. Memory, too, is ours — and 
 ours a rich experience of the past, even of God's great 
 love and his exceeding faithfulness. To that past, I now 
 direct your thoughts, " the days " which are to us " of 
 old," — " the years of many generations." 
 
 One hundred years ago' was the charter given by 
 England's king, under which the corporation of this 
 church still enjoys its trust and exercises its powers. 
 What an eventful period hath it been, that hundred 
 years ! What " chances" and what " changes " hath it 
 
 ' The charter was granted February quence of some desirable alterations, 
 
 4th, 1745-6 — Lewis Morris being then this charter was suspended, and another 
 
 Hovernor of the Province — and is re- granted, February 10th, 1746-7 — which, 
 
 corded in Liber C, No. 2 of Commissions having continued unrevoked to the 
 
 and Charters, folio 105, &c., remaining present time, is given at length in Ap- 
 
 in the Secretary's office for the State of pendix A. 
 New Jersey, 'at Trenton. In conee- 
 
not seen ! What revolutions of states and empires ! What 
 energy of Christian effort to evangehze the world! 
 Upon such themes as these, however, I dare not enter. 
 The events of that period, so far as it relates to ourselves, 
 those " days of old," to us, it is my purpose briefly to 
 review. 
 
 The earliest records relating to the history of the pa- 
 rish, now accessible, are those which are found in the 
 Reports of the Society for the Propagation of the Gos- 
 pel. ^ Of that noble and useful institution, " the old- 
 est missionary society in the Protestant world," f — since 
 our country was so largely indebted to its kind oiffices for 
 the ministrations of the Gospel, — it may be well to give a 
 short account. The act of incorporation was procured 
 by Dr. Bray 3 and several others, who felt a deep inter- 
 est in the religious welfare of the colonies, through the 
 agency of Archbishop Tennison and Bishop Compton, 
 from William III. It bears date, June 16, 1701. Upon 
 inquiry made into the state of the colonies, at this time, 
 " they received from thence a more melancholy account 
 than their fears could suggest : several relations setting 
 forth, that the very Indian darkness was not more gloomy 
 and horrid, than that in which some of the English inha- 
 vbitants of the colonies lived."'' Much need then was there 
 of the kind offices of the society, and well and faithful- 
 ly did they carry on their work and labour of love. In a 
 short time missions were established in South Carolina, 
 North Carolina, Pennsylvania, New- Jersey, New- York, 
 and different parts of New-England. 
 
 ' Several volumes of those reports ^ Dr. Bray had been sent over by 
 
 are contained in the Library of the Bishop Compton, of London, as his 
 
 General Theological Seminary, N. Y. Commissary in Maryland. 
 
 * Dr. Rudd. -• Humphrey's Hist. Acc't. 
 
8 
 
 The Rev. Mr. Brook was sent to Elizabethtown, in 
 1704. This was then the largest town in East Jersey, 
 and contained about three hundred families. Mr. B. per- 
 formed service at seven different places/ embracing a 
 compass of 50 miles, but it is uncertain whether he ever 
 officiated at Newark. He was a man of great energy, 
 and singular diligence. He died in 1707, and was suc- 
 ceeded by Mr. Vaughan, of whom we shall have occasion 
 to speak hereafter. 
 
 Measures also were taken to enlighten the Iroquois 
 Indians, or Five Nations, " bordering upon the colony of 
 New-York," and to instruct the slaves in the principles 
 of the Gospel. Some idea of the religious destitution of 
 these provinces may be formed from the fact, that, with 
 the exception of Boston, Newport, New- York, and Phila- 
 delphia, there were no Episcopal congregations " held 
 to be of ability to support clergymen of themselves/'^ 
 
 In the selection of missionaries by the society, parti- 
 cular inquiry was made as to their age, their condition 
 of life; their temper and prudence; their learning, and 
 pious and sober conversation ; their zeal for the Chris- 
 tian religion, and diligence in their holy callhig ; their 
 affection to the government, and conformity to the doc- 
 trine and discipline of the Church of England. They 
 were required further to read prayers, and preach before 
 some of the members of the society.^ Ample instructions 
 were given after their admission, to insure the utmost 
 possible efficiency in their ministrations. They were 
 charged always to keep in view the design of their under- 
 
 • Rahway, Elizabethtown, Perth * Bishop White's Memoirs. 
 
 Amboy, Cheesequakes, Piscataway, ' Humphrey's Account, pp. 68, G9. 
 Rocky Hill, and at "Page's." Roles and Regulations of tlie Society. 
 
taking, " to promote the glory of God and the salvation 
 of men, by propagating the Gospel of our Lord and 
 Saviour Jesus Christ ;" together with " the qualifications 
 requisite for those who would effectually promote" this 
 design : a sound knowledge and hearty belief of the ^Hlk 
 Christian religion ; an apostolical zeal, tempered with ^ 
 prudence, humility, meekness, and patience ; a fervent 
 charity tow^ards the souls of men ; and finally, that tem- 
 perance, fortitude, and constancy, which become good 
 soldiers of Jesus Christ, [n order to obtain and pre- 
 serve these qualifications, they were enjoined " frequent- 
 ly in their retirements to offer up fervent prayers to Al- 
 mighty God, for his direction and assistance ; converse 
 much with the Holy Scriptures ; seriously reflect upon 
 their ordination vows, and consider the account which 
 they were to render at the last day." It was no slight 
 evidence of the far-reaching wisdom of the society, as 
 ^:: well as its single eye to the glory of God, that among "^■'^ 
 the instructions given to their missionaries was the fol- 
 lowing : that they " take special care to give no offence 
 to the civil government, by intermeddling in affairs not 
 relating to their own calling and functions." Besides 
 these instructions, which had more particular reference 
 to themselves, there were others that pointed out the 
 general mode of their intercourse with the people of their 
 respective cures. They were to be conscientious and 
 faithful in the discharge of every part of their duty, to 
 be instant in public prayers and preaching ; to in- 
 sist chiefly upon " the great fundamental principles of 
 Christianity, and the duties of a sober, righteous, and 
 godly life ;" diligently to catechise the children and others ; 
 circulate religious tracts and books, and encourage the 
 
10 
 
 establishment of schools, especially by the widows of 
 missionaries, who might be found duly qualified. ^ ' 
 
 That able and faithful men were found among the 
 missionaries of such a society, we cannot be surprised ; 
 nor that their ministrations should have been abundantly 
 successful. The names and labours of Keith, ^ and Tal- 
 bot,^ and Brook, andVaughan, and Skinner,^ and Brown, 
 
 ' General Rules of the Society. 
 
 * The Rev. George Keith was origi- 
 nally a Quaker, and came first to the 
 Province with the appointment of Sur- 
 veyor General to the Proprietaries in 
 1685. He appears to have been a man 
 somewhat imperious in his natural dis- 
 position, and the cause of much disquiet 
 among his religious connections, " by 
 pushing their peculiar doctrines to an 
 extreme," but sincere and earnest. He 
 maintained that no consistent Quaker 
 could act either as lawgiver or magis- 
 trate. (Hawkins.) He was a fellow- 
 student in the University at Aberdeen, 
 with Bishop Burnet. He arrived at 
 Boston, as Missionary, in 1702, and after 
 travelling through different parts of the 
 country, returned to England in 1704. 
 Mr. Keith appears to have been a zealous 
 advocate of the distinguishing peculiari- 
 ties of the church. The writer has seen 
 two sermons of his, formerly belonging 
 to the library of that excellent and de- 
 voted man, Mr. Holmes, and now to 
 that of his successor in the Rectorship 
 of St. Mark's, Orange. They were 
 preached in Trinity Church, N. Y. 
 in Nov. 1703. The one is entitled 
 " The notes of the true Church." The 
 other, " The great necessity and use 
 of the Holy Sacraments. Messrs. Keith 
 and Talbot came over in the same vessel, 
 were friends and fellow-labourers. The 
 latter officiated at Burlington. 
 
 ^ Dr. Hawks, in his •' Contributions 
 to the Ecclesiastical History of the 
 United States," says of Mr. Talbot, 
 " The Society never had, at least in our 
 view, a more honest, fearless, and labori- 
 ous Missionary." Mr. Talbot returned 
 to England in 1720, and during his 
 stay there, was, probably with Dr. 
 Welton, consecrated as Bishop by the 
 " non-juring Bishops." " There seems 
 no reason to doubt it," says Mr.Hawkins : 
 and he adds, " It appears that he occa- 
 sionally assumed the Episcopal dress, 
 and that he administered the ordinance 
 of confirmation," An order was issued 
 by the Privy Council for Welton's return 
 to England, and Mr Talbot died in 
 1727. No traces were left, as far as is 
 known of their Episcopal functions, ii> 
 the way of ordhiation. 
 
 ■* William Skinner was the first Rec- 
 tor of St. Peter's Church, Perth Amboy. 
 His real name was MacGregor ; and he 
 was among those of that clan, proscribed 
 after the rebelJion of 1715. He had re- 
 ceived a superior education, and was 
 endowed with a strong mind. Having 
 received Holy Orders, he was appointed 
 missionary to Amboy in 1721, and died 
 Rector, in 1757. Mr. S. was twice 
 married — first to the widow of Rev. Mr. 
 Brook, the daughter of Christopher 
 Billop, of Staten Island, and afterwards 
 to Elizabeth, daughter of Stephanus Van 
 Cortland, of New-York. He left seve« 
 
11 
 
 and Chandler, in New- Jersey, will be their memorial to 
 all generations, as having faithfully executed their great 
 and solemn trust. ^ 
 
 The first services in Newark, according to the rites of 
 the Church of England, were held by the Rev. Mr. 
 Vaughan, the society's missionary atElizabethtown, about 
 the year 1729. In the report for the year 1731, occurs 
 the following passage : " The Rev. Mr. Vaughan, mis- 
 sionary at Elizabethtown, N. J., writes, that his congre- 
 gation increases not only at Elizabethtowui, but also at 
 Newark^ Whippany, and in the mountains, where he 
 sometimes goes and preaches to a numerous congrega- 
 tion, and administers the sacraments among them. In 
 these several places, he hath baptized in the compass of' 
 the last two years 556 children, besides 64 adults ; and 
 finds a general disposition in the people to be instructed 
 and settled in the Christian faith."- \ 
 
 ral sons and one daughter, who became 
 the wife of James Parker, and was the 
 mother of the present elders of that 
 family. Mr. S. is said to have been an 
 exceedingly kind-hearted, generous and 
 hospitable man — as well as a zealous 
 and efficient missionary. The writer is 
 indebted for most of these particulars, as 
 well as some concerning Mr. Keith, to 
 some historical notices of Perth Amboy 
 in manuscript, by W. A. Whitehead, 
 author of " East Jersey under the Pro- 
 prietary Governments." 
 
 ' A portion of the sermon, as deliver- 
 ed, is transferred to Appendix B. 
 
 * The above is a literal extract from 
 " an abstract" now before me " of the 
 proceedings of the Incorporated Society 
 for the Propagation of the Gospel from 
 the 19th February, 1730-1, to the 18th 
 February, 1731-2," on which day was 
 
 held the anniversary meeting, (p. 51.) — 
 " London, printed by S. Downing, in 
 Bartholomew-Close, near West Smith- 
 field, 1732." 
 
 For the following particulars the wri- 
 ter is indebted to his friend John S. 
 Gondii, M. D. 
 
 The family of Sandfords, partly resi- 
 dent in Newark, and partly, but prin^ 
 cipally, in New Barbadoes, were, with 
 their connections, the Davis family, 
 and some other branches, Episcopali- 
 ans from the outset. The first mem- 
 ber of that family was Major Wm. 
 Sandford, a member of the Governor's 
 Council in the daysof Lawrie and Rud- 
 yard. He died in 1692, probably in 
 Newark, and nearly 40 years before the 
 organization of the Church. 
 
 His son. Major Wm. Sandford the 
 2d, a man of some figure during the 
 
12 
 
 It is a fair inference from this record thus providen- 
 tially preserved, that there was something of a congre- 
 gation in this city as early as 1729, and perhaps at an 
 earlier period. The statement therefore made by the 
 excellent Dr. Macwhorter,^ formerly and for many years 
 pastor of the first Presbyterian congregation in this city, 
 a man whose memory is yet gratefully cherished among 
 us by all that knew him, as " of a most catholic mind, 
 and a more catholic heart," ^ in his Century Sermon, 
 preached January 1st, 1801, seems not entirely accurate. 
 According to that, " the Episcopal church " in this place 
 "originated" from the secession of "one or two lead- 
 ing characters " from the Presbyterian church, who " de- 
 clared themselves dissatisfied with the Presbyterian form 
 of government, and that they believed the Episcopal 
 mode was nearer the gospel rule, in the years 1732, 
 '33, and '34." Dr. Macwhorter says, in a note,^ that 
 
 administration of Lord Cornbury, died and died (iiaving with the one exception 
 
 on the Neck in 1732, and his brother considerable families), prior to Doctor 
 
 Perigrine some years anterior. Macwhorter's date of 1732. 
 
 The Kingslands of Barbadoes Neck, This list of probable Episcopalians 
 
 always a highly respectable family, have might be increased by giving the names 
 
 also been Episcopalians from the earliest of the less noted members of their fami- 
 
 settlement of the country, at least from lies, brothers and sisters of the parties 
 
 a period so remote that no man's mem- mentioned, who also probably had fa- 
 
 ory runneth to the contrary. Their milies. 
 
 residences have been sufficiently near ' Dr. Macwhorter was called to be the 
 Newark to enable them to attend reli- Pastor of that congregation in 1759. 
 gious service there, and after the church He died in 1807, having presided over 
 was formed they belonged to the parish, it nearly half a century. The corner- 
 Out of this family there died, in 1698, stone of the present building was laid by 
 Isaac Kingsland, a member of the Gov- him, 1787. 
 
 amor's Council during nearly the whole * See Bishop Doane's Historical Ad- 
 period of the Proprietary Government, dress, and his letter respecting the ex- 
 Not far from the same time also died cellent and lamented Professor Dodd, 
 Gustavus Kingsland, and in 1710, Col. of Princeton. 
 Edmund Kingsland, a son of Isaac. 3 The note is as follows : — 
 These men, thus enumerated, all lived " The member of the church alluded to. 
 
13 
 
 " the member of the church alluded to, was Col. Josiah 
 Ogden, whose grandchildren are still alive, and are 
 among the most respectable inhabitants of the town." 
 To this we may add, that his blood still flows in living 
 veins. ' The particular incident which gave occasion for 
 the disturbance was, as he relates, "a trivial charge " 
 brought against Mr. Ogden, " which coming at length 
 before the Presbytery, was repeatedly tried by that body 
 with a solemnity far beyond its importance. They al- 
 most always decided in favour of the accused, with slight 
 reflections on the church." It is very probable that the 
 circumstances to which Dr. Macwhorter alludes, tended 
 considerably towards the establishment and increase of 
 
 was Col. Josiah Ogden, whose grand- 
 children are still aliv, and are among 
 the most respectable inhabitants of this 
 town. The fact was, that Col. Ogden's 
 wheat had been cut down, and was 
 likely all to be lost by long continued 
 rains. A certain Sabbath presenting 
 him with very fine weather, he was in- 
 duced to draw the grain into his barn 
 on that day ; supposing that it was a 
 case of necessity, and that he was justi- 
 fied in so doing. The Church thought 
 differently, and tried and censured him. 
 The matter was brought before the Pres- 
 bytery, and Col. Ogden was acquitted. 
 But the breach was too wide to be healed 
 thus. Col. Ogden and some other per- 
 sons withdrew, and were the first mate- 
 rials of which the Episcopal Church in 
 this town was formed. After this sepa- 
 ration, the Rev. Jonathan Dickinson, of 
 Elizabeth town, was called in by the 
 Presbyterians to preach a sermon against 
 the points advocated by the Episcopal 
 Church. This sermon was preached 
 June 2d, 1736, and called forth an an- 
 swer from the Rev. John Beach, Epis 
 
 copal minister of Newtown, in Connec- 
 ticut. Mr. Beach had been the Con- 
 gregational minister at Newtown ; but 
 in 1732, withdrawing from his connec- 
 tion, he received Episcopal ordination, 
 and continued the minister of that part 
 of his congregation which still adhered 
 to him. A long dispute ensued between 
 these two Reverend gentlemen, which 
 is still before the public." 
 
 ' Col. Josiah Ogden left, as we un- 
 derstand, one son and one daughter. 
 His son, David Ogden, was appointed 
 Judge of the Supreme Court before the 
 Revolution. David had several sons — 
 Josiah, Isaac, Abraham, Samuel, Nicho- 
 las and Peter. Samuel Ogden was for 
 many years warden of the church. He 
 died Dec. 1st, 1810 — aged nearly 64 
 years. David B. Ogden, Esq., of New 
 York, to whom the writer is indebted 
 for much information in regard to the 
 parish, is a son of Samuel Ogden. 
 
 Col. Josiah Ogden's daughter married 
 first her cousin, David Ogden, and after 
 his death, Isaac Longworth. 
 
14 
 
 the congregation : but that it had existence at a prior 
 period seems manifest, from the Report of the Rev. Mr. 
 Vaughan. In 1733, (18th December,) Mr. Vaughan 
 writes, " that the congregations under his care in the 
 several parts of the country are very large and numerous, 
 in which great numbers of poor people are not able to 
 purchase Common Prayer books." Doubtless the New- 
 ark congregation was included among the number. 
 
 In accordance with Mr. Vaughan's request at this time, 
 a supply of prayer books and tracts was sent him for dis- 
 tribution ; which he writes, in 1734, "were thankfully 
 received," leaving many unsupplied who were anxious 
 to procure, but " unable to purchase " them. 
 
 Since my residence among you, my brethren, I buried 
 an old and honoured member of this congregation, who 
 was born a few years before Mr. Vaughan's death, ^ and 
 may possibly have seen him. She had been a commu- 
 nicant in the congregation for 72 years, and was upwards 
 of 90 years old — the connecting link between the past 
 and present — the living and the dead.^ 
 
 It is gratifying to find the following testimonial in 
 regard to our first missionary, sent to the society by his 
 congregation in Elizabethtown, in 1717. " We esteem 
 ourselves happy under his (Mr. V.'s) pastoral care, 
 and have a thorough persuasion of mind, that the church 
 of Christ is now planted among us in its purity. Mr. 
 Vaughan hath, to the great comfort and edification of our 
 families in these dark and distant regions of the world, 
 prosecuted the duties of his holy calling with the utmost 
 application and diligence ; adorned his character with an 
 
 ' Mr. V.'s death is reported in 1747. Caleb Say res, for many years a warden 
 ''' Miss Rebecca Johnson, who died in of the church, and a man highly esteemed 
 1834. She was a sister of the wife of in the community. 
 
15 
 
 exemplary life and conversation ; and so behaved himself 
 with all due prudence and fidelity ; showing uncorrupt- 
 ness, gravity, sincerity, and sound speech, that they who 
 are of the contrary part, have no evil thing to say of 
 him."i 
 
 The Rev. John Beach, the missionary at Newtown, 
 Conn., writes, Sept. 8th, 1736, that he had " lately, upon 
 a repeated invitation of the people in Newark, N. J., 
 visited them, where he performed divine service two 
 Smidays,^ and had about three or four hundred hearers, 
 that were very desirous of having a minister settled 
 among them, and were then about sending a memorial 
 to the society." From this time, 1736, up to 1743, no 
 particular mention is made of the state or progress of the 
 Newark congregation in the reports of the society. 
 
 V 
 
 ' Humphrey's Account, p. 194. 
 
 2 To these services Dr. Macwhorter 
 doubtless refers in the note to his sermon 
 already quoted. The Rev. A. Beach 
 Carter vouches for the correctness of the 
 following statement, taken from the 
 Banner of the Cross: — " It is a remark- 
 able fact, that when Dr. John Beach 
 returned from England in 1732, with 
 Episcopal orders, his former congrega- 
 tion, either from an unwillingness to 
 lose his services, or from conviction, 
 conformed also to the Church of Eng- 
 land ; and thus their former pastor 
 became their devoted missionary by 
 appointment of the ' Society.' Tradi- 
 tion has preserved an anecdote of this 
 brave old man's coolness and composure, 
 in hot and troublous times. The cir- 
 cumstances occurred at his Newtown 
 parish, for he never had but the one. 
 Having been requested to discontinue 
 the prayer for the king's majesty, he at 
 once refused, and plead for excuse the 
 
 binding nature of his oath of allegiance, 
 and the obligations he had entered into 
 with the ' Society.' This, however, did 
 not avail, and the request was again 
 made and again met with a like refusal. 
 Finding that requests were unheeded, 
 they advanced to threats ; but the old 
 man was not to be deterred by these 
 either, from doing what he conceived to 
 be his duty ; so that they proceeded to 
 enforce their threats. Dr. Beach was 
 aware of their design, but nothing 
 daunted, boldly entered the desk on the 
 appointed day, without the least agita- 
 tion. Nothing unusual occurred until 
 the commencement of the proscribed 
 prayer, when the church door was 
 thrown open, and a detachment of 
 armed soldiers entered ; the words — 
 ' Our most gracious Sovereign, Lord 
 King George,' had scarcely passed his 
 lips, when each soldier discharged his 
 musket, directly aimed at the venerable 
 tory. A deep, death-like silence of two 
 
16 
 
 Doubtless here, as elsewhere, amid many discourage- 
 ments the heart of the missionary was cheered with oc- 
 casional tokens of God's blessing. Very recently, how- 
 ever, an original letter, dated December 26th, 1744, pre- 
 served among the papers of the Rutherfurd family,^ has 
 been put in my hands, which in some measure fills up the 
 gap. From this it appears that the society's missionary at 
 Staten Island, the Rev. Jonathan Arnold,^ the writer of 
 the letter, supplied the congregation with occasional ser- 
 vices about this time, being directed " to officiate every 
 fourth Sunday at Newark." This inconvenient arrange- 
 ment, however, was probably of short duration, and Mr. 
 Vaughan^ doubtless officiated here from time to time, 
 until the appointment of a regular missionary exclusively 
 for Newark. 
 
 Mr. Arnold makes sad complaint of the indifference of 
 his congregations both at Staten Island and Newark, in 
 regard to an adequate provision for the wants of his fami- 
 ly. " They have been so far from rewarding my expen- 
 sive journeyings, arduous labour, and weary steps through 
 cold and heat, thick and thin," — " that they have left 
 
 or three minutes followed, and, when 
 the smoke was cleared away, there 
 stood the Doctor ! unscathed and un- 
 harmed. In a voice clear, distinct, and 
 firm, he merely said, ' My brethren, put 
 your trust in the Lord, and fear not 
 what man can do unto you.' His escape 
 was, indeed, miraculous, for his surplice 
 was cut in many places, and the balls 
 entered the wood-work of the pulpit on 
 both sides of him ! It may be hardly 
 necessary to add that he concluded the 
 service without fresh molestation, and 
 prayed for King George with a more 
 hearty good will than ever." 
 
 ' The writer cannot but express here 
 his deep sense of the many acts of kind- 
 ness received from this estimable fam- 
 ily. Mr. Rutherfurd, now deceased, was 
 for many years a warden of the parish. 
 
 ' Mr. Arnold had been, prior to this, 
 travelling missionary in New England. 
 
 ^ Mr. Vaughan died in 1747. " He 
 and the minister of the Presbyterian 
 congregation, then the only clergyman 
 in this town, (E. T.,) both lay corpses 
 on the same day." — Historical Sketch of 
 St. John's, Elizabethtown, by John C. 
 Rudd, D. D., Rector. Nov. 21, 1824. 
 
17 
 
 me to maintain myself and large family, labouring with 
 my hands." The stipend of £30 from the society, was 
 certainly an inadequate support, and yet he had " not 
 received one penny from Staten Island or Newark, dur- 
 ing the year," " they being willing," he says, " to pur- 
 chase heaven without money and without price !" 
 
 In the Report for the year 1743-44, mention is made 
 of the erection of a church by the inhabitants of Newark, 
 a fact which indicates the prosperity of the mission. 
 The building was of " hewn stone, 63 feet long, 45 
 broad, and 27 high ; with a steeple 95 feet high and 20 
 feet square." It stood upon the same ground where we 
 are now assembled. In it our fathers worshipped for 
 more than 60 years. 
 
 The location was selected, and the ground given by 
 a mutual arrangement between the congregation and the 
 town. According to a brief old record,' committees 
 were appointed on behalf of each party, who met at the 
 time, and "staked out the plot." It appears to have 
 contained half an acre, as the title to such quantity is 
 confirmed shortly after in the charter. 
 
 About this time application was made by " the inha- 
 bitants of the town of Newark," for the appointment of 
 a Mr. Checkly, " son of the Rev. Mr. Checkly, the so- 
 ciety's missionary at Providence, New-England." Mr. C. 
 therefore having received holy orders, was accordingly 
 appointed missionary to Newark. But the designs of 
 the society, and the hopes of the congregation in regard 
 to this estimable young man, were frustrated by his early 
 death. In the short period of his sojourn in England, 
 
 ' The only one relating to the period served when the present Rector took 
 before the Revolution, which was pre- charge of the Parish. 
 
 \ 
 
18 
 
 whither he went to obtain orders, he took the small-pox 
 and died. 
 
 Some idea of the great disadvantages under which 
 the church laboured during our colonial existence, may 
 be formed from the fact, that beside the great expense 
 of the voyage, (£100,) an expense which candidates for 
 holy orders could ill afford to bear, nearly one-fifth of all 
 that went to England for ordination died, either from 
 small-pox or the dangers of the deep. ^ 
 
 The following year, (1744-45,) the Rev. Isaac 
 Brown, of " Broke-Haven," was, at the request of the 
 congregation, and his own desire, appointed their mis- 
 sionary ; they giving a pledge to exert themselves to the 
 utmost of their ability to give him suitable encourage- 
 ment, and purchase a house and glebe for his use."* 
 The salary paid to Mr. Brown by the society, was £50. 
 
 In a letter of November 1st, 1750, Mr. Brown writes, 
 that " it was then a time of great rejoicing in his parish, 
 on account of their having finished a fine new church, 
 and obtained a good glebe and parsonage for their mis- 
 sionary, chiefly through the bounty of Colonel Peter 
 Schuyler, a name very deservedly in high esteem 
 
 * Dr. Chandler strongly puts the case, had been violently opposed. The num- 
 
 in his appeal to the public in behalf of ber who had gone to England for ordina- 
 
 the Church of England, p. 39. "If any tion from the northern colonies, up to 
 
 other denomination of Christians in His 1767, was 52. Of these 42 only re- 
 
 Majesty's American dominions was not turned safely. 
 
 allowed to have a clergyman, without 2 Mr. Brown graduated at Yale Col- 
 paying a fine of one hundred pounds lege in 1729, and went, after being 
 sterling, on his admission, and exposing ordained, to Brook Haven, Long Island, 
 him at the same time to some dangerous in 1733. He was accounted " a man of 
 process, which had proved fatal to a fifth talents and education." He removed to 
 part of his predecessors, would they not New Jersey in 1747. See Histories of 
 esteem it an intolerable grievance and a Long Island by N. S. Prime, p. 225, 
 cruel persecution?" The design of pro- and by B. F. Thompson, 
 curing the Episcopacy before the war 
 
19 
 
 among them."^ A portion of this glebe is still in posses- 
 sion of the Vestry. Colonel Schuyler was a man of a 
 large heart and strong hand ; not only blessing the church 
 with his benefactions, but also rendering essential service 
 to the State, as leader of her forces in the French and 
 Canadian war. In that war he commanded the New- 
 Jersey contingent of the provincial troops, and was pre- 
 sent at the capture of Montreal by Lord Jeffrey Am- 
 herst. ^ 
 
 In 1752, Mr. Brown speaks of "a good congreo-a- 
 tion at Second River, which he constantly attended," 
 and of having been " invited lately into the wilderness 
 by a poor ignorant people, to a place where a minister 
 of the gospel had never yet been." 
 
 The mission at Second River, he describes, January 
 1756, in the following terms: " About three miles dis- 
 tant, to the northward of Newark, there is a compact 
 village, containing about 300 inhabitants, chiefly Dutch, 
 who speak English but tolerably well, there being no 
 
 ' The Rev. Mr. Vaughan. 2.9ih May, bethtown and New Brunswick were 
 
 1739,writes that /ns church had received "joined into one mission," under the 
 
 a benefaction of nine acres of good land, care of the Rev. Mr. Wood, some efforts 
 
 with a fine orchard thereon, for a glebe were made to secure a house and glebe 
 
 for the minister there forever, " by the for the missionary in this latter place 
 
 piety and favour of a very worthy widow, " The people of N. B. having erected a 
 
 Mrs. Anne Arskins, of Elizabethtown." church, raised £300 towards the pur- 
 
 Dr. Rudd, in his interesting Historical chase of a house and glebe, and oblicred 
 
 Sketch, mentions the benefaction, but themselves to pay £40 per annum^lo- 
 
 not the name of the donor. The en- wards the =!iinnnrt «f , • • 
 
 ^" wdrus me support oi a missionary. 
 
 dowment of churches with landed pro- This church was built in 1743 See 
 
 party is certainly one of the most Appendix C for a brief account of the 
 
 judicious and effective measures of New Brunswick parish 
 
 Christian benevolence. [See an inter- ^ An interesting memoir of Col 
 
 esung and instructive article by Dr. Schuyler, by Charles King, Esq of 
 
 McVicar, in New York Review, April, Elizabethtown, is in the archives of the 
 
 1841. "The Church in England and New Jersey Historical Society-and see 
 
 America Compared."] Appendi.x D. 
 
 In 1749, when the churches at Eliza- 
 
 i 
 
20 
 
 schoolmaster among them/ till he (Mr. B.) had persuad- 
 ed them, about nine months before, to agree with Mr. 
 Samuel Brown, educated at Yale College, to keep a 
 school among them, and to read prayers and sermons 
 when his duty at Newark detained him there." The 
 society contributed £10 per annum, towards Mr. S. 
 Brown's support. This situation at Second River, which 
 you recognize from the description as Belleville, was 
 shortly afterwards filled by a Mr. Avery, also a graduate 
 of Yale, at Mr. Brown's recommendation. We are 
 happy to believe that our Dutch neighbours have made 
 great advances since that time. 
 
 In April, 1763, Mr. Brown reported 62 communi- 
 cants, and in 1764, (Oct. 6th,) he mentions, that he had 
 visited Morristown, about twenty miles from Newark, 
 and preached to a considerable congregation of profes- 
 sors of the Church of England. On his journey thither, 
 he baptized eighteen infants and four adults. About 
 this time Mr. Brown suffered much from ill-health, and re- 
 ceived material assistance in his labours from the kindness 
 of Dr. Chandler. 
 
 During the period that intervened between 1764 and 
 '74, nothing worthy of especial note occurred in the his- 
 tory of the parish, or of the church in the whole province. 
 Mr. Brown continued faithfully at his post, and laboured 
 diligently in the service of his Master, for the salvation 
 of souls. He had now, (1774,) been a missionary for 
 forty years ; and " notwithstanding his age and infirmi- 
 ties," — I use his own language, — " he had with little in- 
 termission performed his duty at Newark and Second 
 River." 
 
 At this time, (1774,) the congregation at Second 
 
 ' Mr. B. probably refers to an English schoolmaster. 
 
21 
 
 River determined to convert a building already erected, 
 into a place of public worship, which would contain two 
 or three hundred people. " This when finished," says 
 the faithful old missionary, " will be a good exchange 
 for the old open store-house which the congregation have 
 been obliged to make use of for 20 years past, and from 
 which," he adds, he had " suffered much in his health." 
 
 It is interesting to read the report given at this time 
 of the general state of the missions of the society. " The 
 state of the church," writes the excellent Dr. Chandler 
 from Elizabethtown, (1775,) "is of late become a very 
 respectable one, through the charitable interposition of 
 the society. The missionaries are all unblamable in 
 their conduct, and some of them eminently useful. In- 
 stead of the small buildings out of repair, in which the 
 congregations used to assemble twenty years ago, they 
 have now several, that make a handsome appearance both 
 for size and decent ornament, particularly at Burlington, 
 Shrewsbury, New-Brunswick, and Newark, and all the 
 rest are in good repair ; while the congregations in gene- 
 ral appear to be as much improved as the churches they 
 assemble in." 
 
 Fostered by the generous care of the church at home, 
 missionary stations were multiplied, and " believers were 
 the more added to the Lord." The whole region felt 
 the salutary influence of the missionaries' labours. Eliz- 
 abethtown, and Newark, and Belleville, and Morristown, 
 and New-Brunswick, and Amboy, and Woodbridge, with 
 " the mountains," — all had the Gospel preached to them 
 by faithful men, and were enabled to worship God " in 
 the beauty of holiness," according to the rites of their 
 fathers' church, and their fathers' fathers. " Then had 
 the churches rest, and were edified ; and walking in the 
 
 3 
 
22 
 
 fear of the Lord, and in the comfort of the Holy Ghost, 
 were multiplied."^ 
 
 But a storm was gathering, and a change soon took 
 place in this peaceful scene. Even that excellent and 
 devoted man, " that noble champion of the truth, the apos- 
 tolic Chandler,"^ who had just given so cheering an ac- 
 count of the missions, " found it prudent to withdraw 
 from the surrounding troubles, and seek refuge in Eng- 
 land." ^ 
 
 The colonies roused by civil grievances in 1775,'' rose 
 in arms against the parent government, and then follow- 
 ed the long and wasting war of the Revolution. Depend- 
 ent as our church then was upon the church of England 
 for her ministry — for no bishop had as yet been consecra- 
 ted for the colonies, the missionaries being under the 
 nominal jurisdiction of the bishop of London — this state 
 of things was calculated most deeply and seriously to 
 affect her interests. In many places her clergy, natu- 
 rally viewed with a distrustful eye in consequence of 
 their connection with the church of England, were 
 obliged to leave their stations, suffering at times the ut- 
 most indignity and cruelty. 
 
 One of the missionaries^ writes, Nov. 25th, 1776, 
 
 ' Acts ix. 31. him to decline an elevation which he so 
 
 ' Bishop Doane's Sermon — " The well merited. He, however, took the 
 
 bush that burned with fire" — at the opportunity of recommending for the 
 
 consecration of St. .John's, Elizabeth- office of chief Pastor, one who had done 
 
 town. and suffered much for the church ; and 
 
 ^ Dr. Chandler was afterwards se- Dr. Charles Inglia, who had been obliged 
 
 lected by common consent to fill the to fly to England for his life in 1783, 
 
 Episcopal See, into which the remaining was consecrated Bishop of Nova Scotia, 
 
 English Colonies had been formed after Aug. 12, 1787." 
 
 the Revolution. "But that admirable * The battle of Lexington was fought 
 
 man," says Mr. Hawkins, (Early Colo- April 19th, 1775. 
 
 nial Missions,) " was already suffering ^ Thomas Barton — see Hawkins, pp. 
 
 from a fatal malady, which compelled 139-40. 
 
23 
 
 *' I have been obliged to shut up my churches, to avoid the 
 fury of the populace, who would not suffer the liturgy to 
 be used, unless the collects and prayers for the king and 
 royal family were omitted, which neither rny conscience 
 nor the declaration I made and subscribed when I was 
 ordained, would allow me to comply with : and although 
 I used every prudent step to give no offence, even to 
 those who usurped authority and rule," [allow^ance will 
 of course be made for such expressions,] " and exercised 
 the severest tyranny over us, yet my life and property 
 have been threatened, upon mere suspicion of being un- 
 friendly to what is called the American caused While all 
 the clergy w ho were unwilling to espouse the side of the 
 colonies, " w ere marked out for infamy and insult, the 
 missionaries in particular suffered greatly." " Some of 
 them, " he adds, " have been dragged from their horses, 
 assaulted with stones and dirt, ducked in water, obliged 
 to flee for their lives ; driven from their habitations and 
 families, and laid under arrests and imprisonments." 
 These, my brethren, are the bitter though legitimate 
 fruits of civil war. All suffered by their mutual hostility. 
 Brother was arrayed against brother, and the father 
 against his son. God grant that such scenes may never 
 be enacted again. 
 
 1 refer to these facts, only to show the peculiar diffi- 
 culties with which our church had to struggle from its 
 connection with the Church of England. In consequence 
 of this, many congregations were scattered to the winds ; 
 and it was not until years after the war, that regular 
 organization and discipline were restored. 
 
 Bound, as w ere the clergy, by a declaration solemn 
 as an oath, that they would use, in all their public ser- 
 vices, " the prayer book of the Church of England," in 
 
 \ 
 
24 
 
 which were prayers appointed for the king and royal 
 family, " many able and worthy ministers,"says Bishop 
 White, in his Memoirs of the Church,^ " from conscien- 
 tious scruples ceased to officiate," when such prayers 
 could no longer be used. " Owing to these circumstan- 
 ces," he adds, "the doors of the far greater number of 
 the Episcopal churches were closed for several years." 
 Whatever we may think of the conduct of these clergy 
 in other respects, we cannot but honour their purity of 
 motive and honesty of principle, thus maintained and 
 manifested by the sacrifice of all that men hold dear. 
 
 Yet there were others, and among them the illustrious 
 individual to whom I have just referred, who saw the 
 necessity of the case, and threw the whole weight of 
 their influence upon the side of the colonies. Prominent 
 among these were the clergy of Philadelphia. Let not 
 the Protestant Episcopalian forget that Bishop White, 
 " the father of his church," was one of the first chaplains 
 of Congress,^ and invoked, as such, the divine blessing 
 upon their earliest deliberations :^ nor let him forget that 
 Washington himself, " the father of his country," that 
 great and good man, worshipped at her altars, * attend- 
 
 ' White's Memoirs, p. 20. day was noted by all. It contained the 
 
 * Mr. Duche, also an Episcopal cler- 35th Psahn. See letter of John Adams, 
 
 gyman, was the first chaplain of Con- 18th Sept., 1774. Also N. Y. Review, 
 
 grass. This was, however, in Sept., Jan., 1842. 
 
 1774, before the Declaration of Inde- ' Bishop White was appointed Chap- 
 pendence. He was appointed on the lain in Sept , 1777, at the gloomiest 
 nomination of Samuel Adams. John periodof the war, just before intelligence 
 Adams wrote on the occasion, in a letter was received of the surrender of Gen. 
 to his wife, " Mr. Duche is one of the Burgoyne. He did not hesitate a mo- 
 most ingenious men, and best characters, ment to accept. 
 
 and greatest orators in the Episcopal Bishop Provoost, also, was a warm 
 
 order on this continent, yet a zealous friend of the Colonies, 
 
 friend of liberty and his country." The * Washington was a communicant o» 
 
 remarkable fitness of the service of the the church. 
 
25 
 
 ing regularly upon her solemn services. No ; — let him not 
 forget that while her clergy were thus hampered and 
 distracted from the very nature of their position, her laity 
 in the middle and southern States lent a most efficient 
 aid in their country's hour of need. Among the stout 
 hearts and true, that stood up manfully for their country's 
 rights, who more prominent than Alexander Hamilton, 
 and John Jay, and Richard Henry Lee,^ and Benjamin 
 Franklin,^ and Patrick Henry, ^ and Anthony Wayne, 
 
 ' Richard Henry Lee, while President 
 of Congress, wrote a letter, dated New 
 York, Oct. 24th, 1785, to John Adams, 
 Minister then to Great Britain, earnestly 
 requesting his agency in securing the 
 Episcopate. White's Memoirs, p. 325. 
 * The following remarkable language, 
 Dr. F. uses in a letter to his daugh- 
 ter Sarah. Under what other circum- 
 ances, would he be more likely to express 
 the genuine feelings of his heart, than to 
 his own daughter, from whom he was 
 about to be separated by distance and 
 the perils of the deep ? He writes from 
 Reedy Island, in the Delaware, Nov. 
 8ih, 1764, on his way to England : 
 
 "Go constantly to church, whoever 
 preaches. The act of devotion in the 
 common prayer book is your principal 
 business there ; and if properly attended 
 to, will do more towards amending the 
 heart, than sermons generally can do. 
 For they were composed by men of 
 much greater piety and wisdom, than 
 our common composers of sermons can 
 pretend to be ; and therefore I wish you 
 would never miss the prayer days. Yet 
 I do not mean that you should despise 
 sermons, even if the preachers you dis- 
 like ; for the discourse is often much 
 better than the man, as sweet and clear 
 waters come through very dirty earth. 
 I am the more particular on this head, 
 aa you seemed to express, a httle before 
 
 I came away, some inclination to leave 
 our church, which I would not have you 
 do." 
 
 That Dr. Franklin was not only a 
 true Philosopher, but something of a 
 Churchman too, no one can question 
 after reading the above. It is not pre- 
 tended that he was what is called " a 
 religious man ;" or that he could not, at 
 times, speak in a vein of pleasantry, 
 which seemed inconsistent with any de 
 cided religious attachments. (Letter July 
 18th,1784, from Passy to Messrs. Weems 
 and Gant ) But that he had deeper 
 religious feelings and more decided re- 
 ligious preferences, than the world 
 knew of, may not be doubted. His well 
 known motion in Congress, 26th May, 
 1781, to arrest a stormy debate, for the 
 purpose of prayer, shows his sentiments 
 in regard to the power of religion over 
 others. His expression on his dying 
 bed, to Dr. Shippen, of Philadelphia, 
 " It is safer to believe," indicates its 
 power over himself — N. Y. Review, 
 Life and Writings of John Jay, Oct. 
 1841. Dr. McVickar. 
 
 ' The seizure and sale of churches 
 and glebes by the Legislature of Vir- 
 ginia, must remain a sad blot upon the 
 history of that State. Patrick Henry 
 resisted this act for many years, and it 
 was not until after his decease that it 
 was obtained. " He had to resist," says 
 
26 
 
 and Generals Moultrie, Sumpter, and Morgan ? Who, 
 after Washington, contributed more to secure the inde- 
 pendence of these colonies ? And jet these men were by 
 profession or preference connected with the Church of 
 England. All the patriots from South Carolina and 
 Virginia,^ what were they but Episcopalians? Nay, a// 
 from the south, Avith but few exceptions,^ and with them 
 a multitude in the north. ^ 
 
 Bishop White, (Memoirs, p. 86, lo which 
 the reader is referred,) " through many 
 years, the united efforts of men hostile 
 to revealed religion, and men who cher- 
 ished rancorous hatred to the Church of 
 England in particular." 
 
 ' Virginia was favoured at an early 
 period with the ministrations of the 
 Church of England. Rev. Robert Hunt 
 landed in Virginia, with a party of set- 
 tlers, in 1607. He was " an English 
 clergyman, whose Christian meekness, 
 cheerfulness and perseverance, under the 
 severest trials, were a signal blessing to 
 the colony." — Hawkins, p. 3. It is an 
 interesting fact in connection with the 
 republicanism of our Church, that Vir- 
 ginia, an Episcopal colony, should have 
 commenced her career with " universal 
 suffrage and equaUty." See Burke's 
 Virginia, I. p. 302. Coit's Puritanism, 
 pp. 77, 463. 
 
 2 " I am well satisfied that a large 
 proportion of the prominent men of the 
 Revolution were Churchinen. Of the 
 Southern men who figured at that pe- 
 riod, probably not one was otherwise 
 than an Episcopalian, except Charles 
 Carroll. Those from South Carolina 
 and Virginia were so to a man. Such 
 as Rutledge, Laurens, Moultrie, Gads- 
 den, Sumpter, the Pinckneys, Madison, 
 Monroe, Marshall, Richard Henry Lee, 
 Gen. Harry Lee, Washington, Wythe, 
 General Morgan, Pendleton, President 
 
 Nelson, the Pages, the Harrisons, the 
 Randolphs, Peyton, and all the rest. 
 * * * * At that period there were scarce- 
 ly any dissenters at the South, from 
 Maryland down. At the time of the 
 Revolution, the congregation of Dr. Da- 
 vies, a Presbyterian minister in Hanover, 
 Virginia, was, I believe the only con- 
 siderable one of that denomination in 
 the State." — Letter from Rev. Dr. 
 Ducachet, of Philadelphia. 
 
 The writer of the above letter, than 
 whom no man is more familiar with his 
 country's history, speaks in some cases 
 from personal knowledge — of Rutledge, 
 for instance, Monroe and Marshall, 
 the Pinckneys also, and of Moultrie 
 and Gadsden ; the last two he has seen, 
 in his early youth, standing at the doors 
 of the church, in their military costume, 
 with boxes in their hands, as the custom 
 was, for collections. Marshall was one 
 of Bishop Moore's parishioners. His 
 devout and humble demeanour attracted 
 universal admiration. He contributed 
 liberally towards the establishment of 
 the Virginia Seminary. Judge Story, 
 in his Eulogy on Chief Justice Marshall, 
 says, " Among Christian sects, he per- 
 sonally attached himself to the Episcopal 
 Church. It was the religion of his early 
 education, and became afterwards that 
 of his choice." 
 
 3 There were. Chancellor Robert R. 
 Livingston, Gouverneur Morris, Lewis 
 
27 
 
 Such a fact as this but ill comports with the asser- 
 tion sometimes recklessly made, that our church is anti- 
 republican. She hath borne, my brethren, her full share 
 both in the anxious deliberations of the council-board, 
 and the hard toil of the battle-field.'' At this very mo- 
 ment, a large number of our highest officers, both upon 
 land and sea,^ who hold their lives at their country's bid- 
 ding, adhere to her faith, and discipline, and worship, as 
 the religion of their choice. The Episcopal church anti- 
 republican ! that contributed as much if not more than all 
 others — the above names being the witness — tothe in de- 
 pendence of these United States !' The Episcopal church 
 anti-republican ! so ready with her best life-blood to up- 
 hold the honour and the interests of our common coun- 
 try ! The Episcopal church anti-republican ! that daily 
 seeks God's richest blessing upon the highest officer of 
 the Republic, with "all that are in authority," and her 
 chosen legislature "in Congress assembled!'" This 
 
 Morris, William Duer, James Duane, ' A letter from an officer of the Navy, 
 
 Francis Lewis, Robert Troup, in New now before the writer, contains the fol- 
 
 York, Gen. Lord Stirling of New Jersey, lowing passage: "I have been in the 
 
 with Robert Morris, of Philadelphia, Navy upwards of twenty-eight years, and 
 
 whose services, vital as they were to the have formed the opinion that the majority 
 
 cause of the colonies, will never be for- of the officers are Episcopalians, or prefer 
 
 gotten, and besides, a host of others in that mode of worship." 
 
 both cities. « It will be observed that reference 
 
 In regard to Robert Morris, an Intel- is made not to numbers, but to names, and 
 
 ligent lady, who enjoyed with him an the exalted character and eminent ser- 
 
 intimate personal acquaintance, states vices of individuals, 
 
 that he married Bishop White's sister, » See Book of Common Prayer. The 
 
 and attended Christ Church, Philadel- conserva tive and anti-revolutionary ten- 
 
 phia. It is well known that, by his dency and influence of the Episcopal 
 
 great wealth, he sustained the cause of church, as a general rule, is manifest, as 
 
 the colonies in the hour of their greatest from other things— so especially from 
 
 peril. This lady often heard him speak this— her constant daily prayer to God 
 
 of his having been " a blue-coat boy," for " the powers that be." 
 
 in his early youth. The members of a * Bishop White states the remarkable 
 
 charity school in Westminster, were so fact that the General Convention of 1785, 
 
 '^ '®'^" comprising a fair delegation from seven 
 
28 
 
 church anti-republican, whose whole form of government 
 is most strikingly analogous to that of the State? Where 
 else are the checks and balances of ecclesiastical le- 
 gislation so wisely ordered, and so well arranged? 
 Where else is the religious denomination among us, 
 where the laity as such, have a negative upon the acts 
 of the clergy, so that no legislative enactment can have 
 place without their concurrence?^ Surely, my brethren, 
 
 States, " consisted, as to the lay part, 
 principally of gentlemen who had been 
 active in the late Revolution ," — while 
 the application for the Episcopacy then 
 made, was to " the very power we had 
 been at war with." — Mem. p. 90. 
 
 Ought not the original document to 
 be published, with the names of all the 
 members of that convention signed there- 
 to, vv'hich the Bishop writes he had in 
 his possession ? It is possible also that 
 a majority of the signers of the Declara- 
 tion of Independence were Episcopa- 
 lians. An intelligent correspondent 
 writes, that 18 were certainly, and was 
 inclined to believe that 15 more were so. 
 The whole number was 51. 
 
 ' The author is not aware that so re- 
 publican a feature is found in any of the 
 denominations around us. The Episco- 
 pal Methodist denomination admits no 
 lepresentation at all of the laity, — (De- 
 canver's Catalogue, p. 4,) — while among 
 others, he believes a majority of the 
 clergy may carry any favorite measure. 
 The Bishops too are elective officers. 
 They hold indeed their office for life, or 
 rather for " good behaviour." But that 
 such a tenure is consistent with republi- 
 can institutions, is manifest from the 
 fact, that the Judges of the Supreme 
 Court, as well as others, hold their offi- 
 ces by the same tenure. At any rate, if 
 
 it be not republican, it is apostolic. 
 
 " In the American Episcopal Church, 
 the body which exercises her legislative 
 power, is constituted analogous to the 
 paramount civil body of the United 
 States — the Congress. This consists of 
 two houses, of senators and representa- 
 tives of the several States, the concur- 
 rence of both being necessary to laws. 
 And the supreme authority of the Amer- 
 ican Episcopal Church is vested in like 
 manner, in a General Convention of two 
 houses, with co-ordinate powers — the 
 House of Bishops of the several dioceses 
 — and the House of Clerical and Lay 
 Deputies from each diocese, chosen by 
 the clergy and representatives of the 
 congregations in diocesan conventions ; 
 the consent of both houses being neces- 
 sary to the acts of the Convention ; and 
 the clergy and laity having a negative 
 upon each other. The government of 
 the Episcopal Church in America is, per- 
 haps, even more republican than that of 
 the Presbyterian denomination. The 
 legislative bodies of the latter are not di- 
 vided as that of the General Convention 
 of the Episcopal Church is, into two 
 houses, similar to the civil legislatures, 
 nor in their ecclesiastical assemblies,have 
 the laity, voting as a distinct body, a 
 complete negative upon the acts of the 
 clergy, as they have in all the legisla- 
 
29 
 
 nought but ignorance or misapprehension could bring the 
 charge. 
 
 Did time permit, it would be easy to show how fal- 
 lacious was all reasoning a priori, on such a subject. 
 Where might we expect to find republicanism in forms 
 more pure and perfect, than among the men who profess- 
 ed to have fled from civil and religious oppression, and 
 to have given up every worldly tie for conscience' sake ? 
 And yet among whom of all the multitudinous denomi- 
 nations that cover our wide-spread land, were found 
 more striking instances of intolerance and persecution^ 
 than among the Puritans of New-England, excellent and 
 noble men as they were. At the same time it is a 
 recorded fact, that a large number of their descendants, 
 Congregationalists by profession, espoused the cause of 
 the mother country in the war of the Revolution, and 
 expatriated themselves. ^ 
 
 live bodies of the Protestant Episcopal 
 Church." 
 
 " There is also a close analogy between 
 the civil government and the government 
 of the Episcopal Church, in the single 
 and responsible Executives ; the presi- 
 dent and governors in the one ; and in 
 the other the Bishops of the several dio- 
 ceses, originally elective officers, and 
 amenable by impeachment of the Dio- 
 cesan Conventions to the General Coun- 
 cil of Bishops." — Bishop Hobart, " Uni- 
 ted States of America compared with 
 England," p. 29. 
 
 Bishop White expresses the same con- 
 viction. — Memoirs, p. 74. 
 
 ' See Puritanism, by Thomas W. 
 Coit, D. D. It is well known that a 
 distinguishing feature of the Newark 
 settlement, — as well as of the Puritan 
 settlements of New England— was that 
 
 no man might be elected to any civil 
 or military office, nor have any vote 
 at such election, unless he was a mem- 
 ber of a Congregation-'! church. See 
 East Jersey, under the Proprietaries, p. 
 44. 
 
 ^ The time has arrived when allow- 
 ances can be or should be made, for 
 preferences and prejudices, the growth 
 of education and associations. The ob- 
 ject of the author was not to draw com- 
 parisons, but to show that the oppro- 
 brium, if any yet attaches to those who 
 quietly retired from America and were 
 in consequence designated as royalists 
 and refugees, should not rest exclu- 
 sively upon Episcopalians, and also that 
 there was no natural or necessary con- 
 nection between any set of religious 
 tenets, and the principles of republican 
 liberty. A reference to the acts of pro- 
 
30 
 
 It was an object of anxious solicitude with the church 
 at the close of the war, to secure the succession of the 
 Episcopacy, and thus perpetuate that ministry which 
 
 scription or confiscation of the various 
 states will show the fact conclusively. 
 Over three hundred individuals, many 
 of them heads of families, were banished 
 by one act of the State of Massa- 
 chusetts, — more than sixty of them be- 
 i ng Graduates of Harvard University, 
 — among whom were undoubtedly many, 
 never conceived to have favoured Epis- 
 copacy. In New Jersey, among those 
 whose property was declared forfeited, — 
 in the county of Essex alone, there were 
 more than one hundred, — the names of 
 many can be found who had no connec- 
 tion with the Episcopal church. 
 
 The reader interested in the subject 
 is referred to Eliot's Biography, Lin- 
 coln's History of Worcester, and other 
 local annals, and particularly to " Judge 
 Curwen's Journal and Letters." Judge 
 C, — himself a descendant of an early 
 emigrant to New England and the son 
 of a dissenting clergyman, — was not con- 
 nected in any way with the Church of 
 England ; and his Journal abounds in 
 references to his countrymen with whom 
 he associated in England as a refugee. 
 A large number of these, says Mr. 
 Ward, " were Congregationalists." — 
 He mentions the names of seventeen 
 of the more prominent. 
 
 In July, 1775, Curwen, then in Lon- 
 don, says, "there is an ar my of New 
 Englanders here ;" and in June, 1776, 
 he mentions " six vessels" arriving at one 
 time " laden with refugees," via Hali- 
 fax. 
 
 So Samuel Quincy, writing Jan. 1st, 
 1777, says, " I see many faces I have 
 been used to ; America seems to be 
 
 transplanted to London." This family 
 (the Quincys) was one of the most 
 ancient and distinguished in Massachu- 
 setts. Eliot's Biog. Diet. 
 
 But perhaps the most direct testimony 
 may be found in the History of the 
 Early Missions of the Church of Eng- 
 land, by Rev. Ernest Hawkins, to 
 which reference has been already made, 
 wherein are copious extracts of letters 
 written by men who lived at the time 
 and upon the spot. Mr. Breynton, 
 writing from Halifax, in a letter dated 
 January 2d, 1776, says expressly in re- 
 gard to " the wealthier among the loy- 
 alist families of New England, who 
 sought refuge in Halifax," that " many 
 of them were dissenters." Hawkins, p. 
 371. While in a letter the year after, 
 he reports the landing of another body 
 of refugees, " about seventeen hundred 
 loyalists from Boston." 
 
 " It appears," adds Mr. Hawkins, 
 " that by the end of 1783, not fewer 
 than thirty thousand from New York, 
 and other parts of the States, had 
 arrived in Nova Scotia." " Many of 
 them," he adds " were members of the 
 Church of England ;" of course, then, 
 many of them were not. 
 
 The following extract from a letter 
 of G. A. Ward, Esq., the intelligent 
 editor of " Curwen's Journal and Let- 
 ters," will be read with Interest, as the 
 opinion of a man, than whom probably 
 no one has given the subject more at- 
 tention: 
 
 " It is an unquestionable fact, that very 
 many Congregationalists, descendants of 
 the Puritans, expatriated themselves at 
 
? 
 
 31 
 
 she believed was established by the apostles/ and design- 
 ed to be permanent and universal. And what she sought 
 for herself, she freely accorded to others. " When in the 
 course of Divine Providence," such is her moderate and 
 well considered language, " these American States be- 
 came independent with respect to civil government, their 
 ecclesiastical independence was necessarily included ; 
 and the different religious denominations of Christians in 
 these States were left at full and equal liberty to model 
 and organize their respective churches and forms of wor- 
 ship and discipline, in such manner as they might judge 
 most convenient for their future prosperity, consistently 
 with the constitution and laws of their country."^ 
 
 This object was ultimately obtained by the conse- 
 cration of Bishops White and Provoost, the one of Penn- 
 sylvania, the other of New-York, at the chapel of the 
 Archiepiscopal Palace at Lambeth, on the 4th of Feb- 
 ruary, 1787. The Archbishop of York, the Bishop of 
 Bath and Wells, and the Bishop of Peterborough, joined 
 with the Archbishop of Canterbury in the imposition of 
 hands.^ Bishop Seabury had been consecrated two or 
 three years before, by the " non-juring bishops of Scot- 
 land."'' Dr. James Madison was shortly after consecrat- 
 
 the commencement of the Revolution : ' " It is evident unto all men dili- 
 
 some espoused the cause of our mother gently reading Holy Scripture and 
 
 country, and entered into her service; ancient authors, that from the Apostles ' 
 
 others were refugees from a dislike to time, there have been three orders of 
 
 rebellion, and in the firm belief that Ministers in Christ's church : Bishops, 
 
 their course exhibited a love of law and Priests, and Deacons." Book of Common 
 
 order, and would eventuate for the best Prayer, Preface to form for ordaining 
 
 interest of their native land. A large Deacons. 
 
 number of Curwen's friends were Con- * Preface to the Book of Common 
 
 gregationalists; and I have no doubt Prayer. 
 
 that of the Massachusetts loyalists, ten ^ Bishop White's Memoirs, p. 136. 
 
 were of this persuasion to one of the * Bishops Kilgour, Petrie and Skinner, 
 
 Episcopal Church." Nov. 14, 1784. The non-juring Bishops, 
 
32 
 
 ed in England as Bishop of Virginia. The succession 
 of the Episcopacy thus introduced, was secured bj the 
 consecration of others for the various States. We have 
 now twenty-nine^ of that order in our American church.^ 
 
 It is an interesting fact, and somewhat important too, 
 as showing the sentiments of one of our most distinguish- 
 ed statesmen, in regard to the anti-republican tendency 
 of Episcopacy, that the successful result of the applica- 
 tion was owing in a great measure to the agency of 
 John Adams, our minister at the time at the court of St. 
 James. A Congregationalist himself, from the very heart 
 of Puritanism, yet can he write in words like these :^ 
 " There is no part of my life on which I look back, and 
 reflect with more satisfaction, than the part 1 took, bold 
 and hazardous as it was to me and mine, in the intro- 
 duction of Episcopacy into America." 
 
 The succession of the ministry we hold to be essen- 
 tial to the integrity of the church. If there be no suc- 
 ; cession, then any man may be a minister, and any set of 
 men may make him so. If there be no succession, there 
 can be no ministry. 
 
 In this agree with us some of the most eminent di- 
 vines of other denominations. That eminent man. Rev. 
 Dr. Mason, who stood at the head of the Associate Re- 
 formed Church in this country, contended earnestly for " a 
 
 although severed from the State in the ence of State protection." The writer 
 
 Revolution of 1688, yet carefully pre- heartily coincides with these sentiments, 
 
 served the succession. expressed by the Rev. Dr. S. Farmar 
 
 ' Including two missionary Bishops. Jarvis, of Conn. He canot but regard 
 
 * " Known unto God are all his it, further, as a providential circum- 
 
 ways, and he seeth not as man seeth. stance, situated as the church then was, 
 
 The American Revolution was a link in that the Episcopate was not obtained till 
 
 the chain of his providences, by which after the war. Bishop White manifestly 
 
 his mighty plan is bound together. Cer- held this opinion. Mem., pp. 70,71,72,73. 
 
 tainly we have reason to rejoice that we ^ Dr. Wilson's Memoir of Bishop 
 
 are cut loose from the benumbing influ- White, letter 29th Oct., 1814. 
 
33 
 
 perpetual and regularly successive ministry."^ " It has 
 been, and still is," he says, " a received belief among 
 almost all who profess Christianity, that the Redeemer 
 has instituted a regular ministry, to be perpetuated in an 
 order of men, specially set apart and commissioned by 
 his authority — and that no man may lawfully enter upon 
 its functions without an official warrant from them who 
 are themselves already in office.'^'' What is this but ordi- 
 nation by those already ordained ? What is this but 
 " apostolic succession ?" 
 
 Hear also what saith Dr. McLeod, a clergyman of 
 the Presbyterian church. " The gift of office which 
 Timothy and Titus received from Paul, with the laying 
 on of the hands of the Presbytery, they imparted to the 
 Presbyteries whom they ordained. These, in a similar 
 way, transmitted it to other " faithful men," and these 
 again to their successors. The chain of succession may 
 indeed be buried and hid in many of its links, but none 
 can demonstrate that it ever has been broken or destroy- 
 ed. He who has preserved the church,*** has preserved 
 the ministry."^ We wish no clearer nor stronger terms 
 in which to express our doctrine of the apostolic succes- 
 sion. 
 
 Nor is such succession vitiated, either by doctrinal 
 error or even comparative apostasy. Witness the church 
 of God in " days of old." The people of Israel — did they 
 cease to be God's church because of their frequent gross 
 idolatry ? or the priesthood, — was it discontinued in 
 
 ' Treatise on the Church of God. the creed of the strongest Churchman. 
 
 * See Dr. Wainwright's Essays on For with them Baptism is not immer- 
 
 the Scripture argument for Episcopacy, sion simply, but immersion by one who 
 
 The principle of succession, too, is in- has been himself immersed. What is 
 
 volved in the sentiments of our good this but succession ? 
 friends, the^Baptists, just as much aa in 
 
34 
 
 Aaron's line, because of the personal viciousness and errors 
 of many of his descendants ? Even Caiaphas " prophe- 
 sied,'" showing that the official act may be valid, while 
 the personal character is most infamous. So we hold, 
 that amid all the corruptions of His church, and the 
 frequent moral depravity of her ministry, " the apostolic 
 succession" holds good — the channel of blessing and the 
 preservative of order for all time. 
 
 The mode of that succession is another matter, into 
 which we cannot now enter.^ 
 
 The first general Convention that met with a bishop 
 at its head, assembled 28th July, 1789. Measures were 
 immediately taken for the proper organization and gov- 
 ernment of the church, and from that time to this, she 
 has grown and strengthened, until a large proportion of 
 the most intelligent and influential citizens of these 
 United States are enrolled among her members. 
 
 We return to the history of our own parish. Mr. 
 Brown was, " by the goodness of God, enabled to go 
 through his duty in both parts of his parish," in these 
 troublous times, " with some degree of cheerfulness." 
 In a letter, however, of January 7th, 1777, he wrote 
 that his church had " been used by the rebels as a hos- 
 pital for their sick, the greater part of the summer pre- 
 ceding;" that " they broke up and destroyed the seats, ^ 
 and erected a large stack of chimneys in the middle of it ;" 
 
 ' Johnxi. 51. Tillotson calls him, "incomparable, the 
 
 ' See Appendix E for a brief argu- glory of his age and nation." 
 
 ment of Chilllngworth, the great cham- ^ This fact is also referred to in the 
 
 pion of Protestanism, on this subject, records of the Vestry, wherein is pre- 
 
 Locke recommends the constant study served a correspondence between a 
 
 of his works, as one of the best modes committee thereof and the commanding 
 
 of attaining " both perspicuity and the officer, Col. Schrene, of the continental 
 
 ■way of right reasoning." Archbishop troops. 
 
35 
 
 and that he had been obliged to fly with precipitation 
 to New-York, with his infirm wife, leaving behind all his 
 furniture and effects. 
 
 It is somewhat remarkable that, while the former 
 rector of the parish was thus driven away from the scene 
 of his labours by hostile troops, among those very troops — 
 " the rebels," of whom he thus complains, — was the ma- 
 ternal grandfather of your present rector.^ I remember 
 to have often heard him speak of the church at Newark — 
 he died but a few years since — and tell how he slept 
 one night within its walls, and how distinctly impressed 
 upon his memory were some little incidents which hap- 
 pened at the time. How wonderful is the providence of 
 God ! Through what "chances" and what "changes" 
 do we not continually pass ! 
 
 The last account the society received of Mr. Brown, 
 was in 1784. He had reached Annapolis, in Nova 
 Scotia, after a month's tempestuous voyage, accompanied 
 by his aged partner, then under the influence of " a deli- 
 rium," as he writes, occasioned by the trials and troubles 
 through which they had passed, " from which there was 
 little hopes of her recovery." The greater part of the 
 little property that his friends had saved in Newark, was 
 lost upon the passage. 
 
 ' Amos Slaymaker, of Salisbury, ing been made on the Pennsylvania 
 
 Lancaster county, Pennsylvania. He line for men, to form what was called 
 
 was a grandson of Matthias Slaymaker, " the flying camp," a few of his com- 
 
 from Hesse Cassei, who came to this pany volunteered, with himself. In the 
 
 country as agent for a London company organization of this part of the army, he 
 
 in the selection of land. At the break- was appointed Captain. He was after- 
 
 ing out of the war, he was about 21 wards at the battle of Germantown. 
 
 years old, and held the office of ensign. In 1813, he was elected a member of 
 
 in a company commanded by his uncle. Congress. He died June 27th, 1837, in 
 
 John Slaymaker, belonging to " the his 83d year. 
 Pennsylvania line." A requisition hav- 
 
f 
 
 3G 
 
 There then we leave him — the aged missionary — af- 
 ter his life of toil, and suffering, and self-denial. Separa- 
 ted from the flock to which he had so long ministered, shut 
 out, when he most needed them, from those little minis- 
 tries of love that would have soothed his declining years, 
 we know not who closed his eyes in death, or who stood 
 beside his grave. One thing we know, that He was 
 with him, whose flocks he had tended, " the Great 
 Shepherd of the sheep."' Aye ; He was with him in 
 his hour of loneliness and need. He " made his bed in 
 his sickness."^ His rod and His staff", ^ they comforted 
 him in the dark valley ; and He gave him — the aged mis- 
 sionary of His cross — a joyous welcome to " the green 
 pastures"^ and " still waters " of his own eternal fold. 
 " Blessed are the dead that die in the Lord, for they rest 
 from their labours.^ 
 
 Mr. Brown appears to have been a man of a quiet and 
 peaceable spirit, who amid the troubles of that stirring 
 and eventful period pursued noiselessly the even tenor 
 of his way. The last words of his pen were these : " He 
 is happy, however," referring to the difficulties of his situ- 
 ation, " in the consciousness of never having done any 
 thing to occasion the cruel treatment he met with. He 
 never preached a single sermon which had the least ten- 
 dency to inflame the minds of the people. His only 
 crime was that he was a clergyman of the Church of Eng- 
 land, and of course attached to the government and the 
 constitution of Church and State." He survived in 
 Annapolis, though in much affliction and poverty, till the 
 year 1787.^ 
 
 ' Heb. xiii. 20. * Ps. xxiii. 2. 
 
 " Ps. xli. 3. * Rev. xiv. 13. 
 
 ' Psalm xxiii. 4. ^ It is understood that Mr. Brown 
 
37 
 
 The earliest record of the proceedings of the Ves- 
 try of the two congregations, is dated Easter-Mon- 
 day, April 20th, 1778. The officers then chosen, ac- 
 cording to the provisions of the Charter, were the fol- 
 lowing : 
 
 For Second River. For Newark. 
 
 William Kingsland, Warden. Uzal Ogden, Harden. 
 
 William Dow, James Nutman, 
 
 Arent Schuyler, John Robinson, 
 
 Wm. Sandford, David Rogers, 
 
 Edmund Leslie, Benj. Johnson, 
 
 Henry Kingsland, Ebenezer Ward. ;^ 
 
 Their first attention was of course directed to the 
 preservation and repair of the church edifices in which 
 they worshipped. A singular and somewhat amusing 
 instance of their care, is found in the minutes of a jpieet- 
 ing a few days afterwards— illustrating the mode by which 
 justice was administered when the laws were lax, or out 
 of joint. I give it in the words of the record : 
 
 " It appeared to the Vestry that the church at Second 
 River, had been robbed of the leads and cords out of the 
 windows, and other damages done to the church. Agreed' 
 unanimously, that in case the robbers will put said church 
 in the same situation that it was before, the Vestry would 
 have no further demands on them. Wm. Dow and Ed- 
 mund Leslie, appointed a committee to see it done." 
 
 had a son, a surgeon, in the British ar- Mary is probably stiil living at " Three 
 
 my. A daughter (Mary) married Isaac Rivers," Canada. A memorial of Mr. 
 
 Ogden, grandson of Josiah Ogden, of Brown is still preserved by a family of 
 
 whom mention has been already made, the congregation, in the shape of an 
 
 They left two daughters — Catharine and "old arm chair." — See Hawkins' His- 
 
 Mary. Catharine married a Colonel, or torical Notices, p.l63, for a notice of his 
 
 Major, Andrews, of the British army, death. 
 
38 
 
 A mode of dealing, this, with robbers, in " days of old," 
 which might well be recommended in days of later time 
 — if there was any probability of the same result. For 
 the observable thing about this matter is, that in less 
 than a year, there is spread upon the Journal a written 
 engagement, with a responsible name thereto, " to put 
 the church in the same order that it was before." 
 
 The next business of the Vestry was to restore the 
 services in the churches, which had been so prepared for 
 holy worship. Accordingly, at a meeting, April 5, 1779, 
 Uzal Ogden, the warden of the church, was requested to 
 write to his son, the Rev. Uzal (afterward Dr.) Ogden, to 
 desire him to visit the parish. A definite invitation was 
 o^iven to Mr. Ogden in November, 1785, which was finally 
 accepted in 1788, by which he became rector, the parish 
 having been vacant nine or ten years. During that time, 
 however, occasional services were held both by Mr. Ogden, 
 who officiated in New-York, and Rev. Abraham Beach, 
 \of New-Brunswick. Mr. Op-den continued rector of the 
 
 fhurch till 1804 or 5, nearly 20 years: during part of 
 this period, he was assisted by Rev. Elijah D. Rattoone,' 
 of New-York, and the Rev. Walter C. Gardiner. The 
 connection between Mr. Ogden and the parish, was 
 finally severed in consequence of unhappy differences 
 between them, that interfered materially with its pros- 
 perity for many years. ^ 
 
 The Rev. Joseph Willard was elected his successor 
 in 1806. In 1807, he makes report to the Convention 
 of seventy communicants : but at no subsequent period 
 
 ' Mr. (afterwards Dr.) Rattoone held ble, and the congregation expressed great 
 
 al this time the chair of moral philoso- regret at his departure, 
 phy in Columbia College, New- York. " After this Mr. O. joined the Presby- 
 
 His ministrations were highly accepta- terian denomination. 
 
39 
 
 does he mention their number. Mr. Willard was not 
 inattentive to the interests of the church in other places. 
 In 1808, he reported to the Convention, that "he had 
 performed divine service and preached twice at Mr. Ben- 
 jamin Williams', Orange, where he had large and atten- 
 tive congregations." This appears to have been the 
 commencement of the parish^ now so flourishing under 
 the pastoral care of the Rev. James A. Williams, grandson 
 to the zealous churchman in whose house — as with the 
 church in that of Njmphas among the Colossians^ — it 
 was nurtured and cherished. 
 
 During the period of his rectorship, and owing to his 
 untiring exertions, with the earnest and faithful co-ope- 
 ration of the treasurer and building committee, the house 
 in which we now worship was erected, in place of the 
 old one.^ A new parsonage was built about the same 
 time. The building committee were appointed Easter- 
 Monday, April 3d, 1 809, and was composed of the follow- 
 ing names: "Mr. Mercer, Edward Blackford, Josiah 
 James, Thomas Whitlock, William Halsey, John Craw- 
 ford, and Caleb Sayres." George Nelson was then 
 treasurer. To all these gentlemen the church owes a 
 debt of deep and lasting gratitude, for the faithful ser- 
 vices by which the present large and substantial building 
 has been secured to them and their children for ever. ^ 
 
 ' For a brief history of this parish, * Mr. Josiah James, the architect of 
 drawn up by the present excellent Rec- the building, is the sole survivor. It wil! 
 tor, see Appendix F. long stand as the evidence of his taste 
 * Col. iv. 15. and skill. The building is of hewn 
 3 The steeple having been repaired stone, with walls 2i feet in thickness, 
 some years before, was suffered to re- It is 88 feet long, by 61J feet wide. The 
 main, in consequence of its exceeding steeple is from 160 to 170 feet high. In- 
 solidity, and is now probably the oldest eluding the tower and portico, the build- 
 structure in Newark, Its walls are five ing measures 102 fe«t. 
 feet thick, at least. For an account of the laying of the 
 
40 
 
 Mr. Willard afterwards removed to Marietta, Ohio, where 
 he probably died. The congregation did not increase 
 under his ministrations, but rather the reverse ; several 
 famihes having withdrawn. 
 
 About this time, (1811,) it was mutually agreed be- 
 tween the two portions of the parish, Newark and Belle- 
 ville, that each congregation should supply themselves 
 with religious services, independently of the other. Mr. 
 (now Dr.) Berrian, rector of Trinity Church, New-York^ 
 was then the assistant minister, and officiated at Belle- 
 ville. It was not, however, until Easter-Monday, April 
 20, 1835, that measures were adopted, to separate 
 them.^ A committee was then appointed to obtain an 
 act from the Legislature for that purpose, and they now^ 
 constitute two separate parishes. The members of the 
 Vestry necessary to supply the places of those heretofore 
 chosen from Belleville, Vi^ere elected Monday, 2.3d Nov, 
 1835. 
 
 The Rev. Lewis P. Bayard was elected to the rectorship 
 in May, 1813. Of him I need not largely speak, for there 
 are those yet living among us, who can bear witness to 
 his abundant and self-denying labours. His ministry of 
 seven years was cherished with grateful remembrance 
 by all that came beneath its influence. Without the 
 power of commanding eloquence, he yet, by his modesty 
 and kindness of heart, and zeal in his Master's cause, 
 
 corner-stone (May 22d, 1809), and of ' There was at this time a harmoni- 
 the consecration of the church (May 21st, ous and equitable division of the proper- 
 1810), see Churchman's Magazine for ty of the church, the congregation at 
 those years. Belleville receiving, besides the church 
 The plate and the beautiful cloths and grounds connected therewith at that 
 used in the communion service, were place, $1500 in cash, in lieu of all fur- 
 presented in 1806 by the ladies of the ther claims upon the congregation at 
 congregation. Newark. — See Appendix G. 
 
41 
 
 attracted the regard and won the affections of the whole 
 community. The number of communicants was increas- 
 ed from sixty-five to one hundred and nine. The insuffi- 
 ciency of his support constrained him to seek another 
 field of usefulness in 1 820. It is but a short time since 
 that he rested from his labours/ having died at Malta, 
 on his return from the Holy Land, Sept. 2d, 1840. 
 
 After Dr. Bayard, the Rev, Henry P. Powers became 
 rector of the church, (June 3d, 1821,) and resigned in 
 1830. The incidents of this period are comparatively 
 recent; I need not therefore dwell upon them. With 
 mental powers of no ordinary kind, and a talent for popu- 
 lar eloquence, there were yet difficulties that interfered 
 with his usefulness, and retarded the growth of the con- 
 gregation. Mr. Powers has now charge of the congre- 
 gation in Ypsilanti, Michigan, where he labours with 
 acceptance and success. 
 
 After a short interval, wherein the services of the 
 church were supplied by Rev. John Croes,^ your present 
 rector entered upon his duties. Since that time, the days 
 are no longer "of o/f?," and we have no need to "ask 
 om fathers'''' concerning them. 
 
 I cannot, however, suffer the opportunity to pass, 
 without expressing my grateful sense of the divine bless- 
 ing which has attended my labours : our little band has 
 ^' become a thousand ;"^ while our forty-seven communi- 
 cants, now amount to near two hundred. During this 
 period, there have been confirmed two hundred and thir- 
 teen ; baptized, four hundred and twenty-five ; commu- 
 
 ' Dr. Bayard officiated once for the The writer is so informed by Andrew 
 
 present Rector in 1839. He preached Pareons, Esq , a zealous Churchman of 
 
 ■in various places in the surrounding that town, 
 neighbourhood, and was the first Episco- * Son of the late Bishop. 
 
 pa.l minister who officiated in Paterson. ^ Isaiah \x. 22. 
 
42 
 
 nicants added, three hundred and sixty ; marriages, one 
 hundred and thirty. As to its external prosperity, " our 
 holy and beautiful house," ^ to use the prophet's language, 
 with the full congregation that worship within its walls, 
 bears this day abundant witness.^ Another large parish,^ 
 too, well organized and firmly established by God's 
 blessing upon the labours of faithful men, helps forward 
 the great work, while a third is needed to supply our 
 growing wants. 
 
 There have entered the ministry from this congrega- 
 tion also, during the same period, the following persons : 
 Rev. Solon W. Manney, missionary at Laporte, Indiana ; 
 Rev. James Adams, of Lambertsville, New- Jersey ; Rev. 
 Charles H. Halsey, Rector of St. Paul's Church, Sing- 
 Sing, N. Y. ; Rev. Andrew B. Paterson, Rector of Trinity 
 Church, Princeton, New-Jersey ; and Rev. David Clark- 
 son, missionary at Knowlton and Belvidere, New-Jersey. 
 Charles W. Rankin, a member of the congregation, 
 is now preparing for the ministry in the Theological 
 Seminary, New- York. 
 
 Nor would I suffer the opportunity to pass without 
 further expressing my deep sense of the manifold 
 
 ' Isaiah Ixiv. 11. pion of her distinctive principles. The 
 
 - About six thousand dollars have Rev. Anthony Ten Broeck was elected 
 
 been expended on the church building his successor, in 1841 ; Dr. C. having 
 
 within the last 12 or 13 years. In that been obliged to relinquish his duties in 
 
 period, about eighteen thousand dollars, consequence of impaired sight — now 
 
 including the above, as near as may be again happily restored. Mr. Ten 
 
 estimated, have been contributed by the Broeck resigned in 1845, and the parish 
 
 congregation towards the various objects is yet vacant. Dr. Chapman officiates 
 
 of Christian benevolence or parochial at present in Worcester, Mass , where 
 
 interest. ^^^ congregation to which he ministers 
 
 ■^ Grace Church was organized in are about building a church. !VIr. Ten 
 
 1837, under the pastoral care of Rev. Broeck has established a classical school. 
 
 G. T. Chapman, D. D., well known of a high order, in Orange, 
 throughout our Church as an able cham- 
 
43 
 
 kindness which I have ever, my beloved parishioners, 
 received at jour hands. Ye have made allowance for 
 my young inexperience,^ for I was but a boy when I came 
 among you. Ye have overlooked my many faults. Ye 
 have borne with my "often infirmities." Ye have strength- 
 ened me in my hour of weakness. Ye have comforted 
 me in my hour of sorrow. Ye have stood beside my sick 
 and dying with sympathy and with love :^ and ye have 
 follow ed my dead, with mournful steps and slow, to their 
 last resting-place — and with tender hands and with ten- 
 derer hearts, ye have laid them down — my loved ones — in 
 their own selected graves to rest.^ O, that bright and 
 beautiful vision I — how^ hath it passed away ! — and yet its 
 memory lingers around my heart. It remaineth only yet 
 to lay me down beside them, when the time shall come; 
 for with no feigned words I say it — "Ye are in my heart, 
 to die and live with you."^ h 
 
 In this brief survey of the history oi the parish, many 
 thoughts crowd upon the mind. That history strikingly 
 illustrates the great law of Christianity — the law of love. 
 "He that loves God, will love his brother also." "He 
 that loveth not his brother whom he hath seen, how can 
 he love God whom he hath not seen ?"^ The true Chris- 
 tian heart takes in all its kind. Let it never be forgot- 
 ten that Newark was once a missionary station. The 
 man that first ^ preached the Gospel to our fathers, and 
 
 ' The writer was ordained only a few A beautiful monument, erected by the 
 
 months before he was called to the Rec- congregation, is now the enduring me- 
 
 torship, at the earliest age allowed by morial of his bereavement and their love. 
 
 the canon. During that period he had •• Reference is made here to some 
 
 charge of St. George's Church, New- affecting incidents which it would be 
 
 York, in the absence of the Rector, the hardly proper to introduce, 
 
 lamented Dr. Milnor, in England. * 2 Cor. vii. 3. 
 
 * His whole family, wife and five ^ 1 John iv. 20. 
 
 children, have been removed by death. ® Of course reference is made to .EJpw- 
 
 3 
 
44 
 
 broke to them the bread of life, was sent by the pious 
 care and zeal of transatlantic churchmen, who prizing 
 the precious privileges that they enjoyed themselves, felt 
 it their bounden duty and thek highest joy to extend 
 those privileges to others. 
 
 " And shall we not repay this debt. 
 To regions solitary yet, 
 Within our spreading land V 
 
 To do otherwise, were to disown our paternity, — to 
 be recreant to our faith — to judge ourselves unworthy of 
 eternal life. " He that loves not, lives not."^ 
 
 " For love with life, is heaven, — and life unloving, hell." '^ 
 
 Again, you see in the jealous care of your fathers to 
 preserve inviolate the ordinances of the church, tJie duty 
 you owe your children. 
 
 Not for us alone, but for those that come after, hath 
 this precious legacy of evangelic truth with apostolic 
 order, come down. It is the charter of our hopes, — the 
 guardian of our liberties for all time. Shall we toil then 
 for wealth to leave our children, or worldly wisdom, or 
 power to make them great, and leave them without that 
 which alone can sanctify their wealth, or make them 
 happy in their greatness ? The soul must have a home, 
 whatever the circumstances of our outward state ; a home 
 of private sanctities and of social joys, which have their 
 sphere "above the smoke and stir of this dim spot," and 
 are free from all its perturbations. And where can that 
 
 copal ministrations. Newark was from support of a clergyman, to the ringing of 
 
 the first a religious colony, — and was the bell and sweeping out the church. — 
 
 probably the first in the state that sup- Town Records. 
 
 ported a minister of the gospel. The ' Keble's Christian Year. 
 
 great business of the town meeting was " Proverbial Philosophy, by M. F. 
 
 to make all necessary arrangements for Tupper,a work that should have a place 
 
 religious services — from the calling and in every family library. 
 
45 
 
 home be found but in the church of God, the type itself 
 of heaven — our father's house and home for ever. In its 
 quiet, peaceful bosom, is a sure shelter from the wildness 
 of fanatical excitement, — as well as a safeguard from the 
 coldness of a mere rationalism, that would explain away 
 all the deep mysteries of our faith. Cherish then the 
 church of Christ with its apostolic ministry and divinely 
 appointed ordinances; — with its holy services and time- 
 honoured forms of devotion, which have been in " the 
 days of old," and during " the years of many genera- 
 tions." ^ Cherish them, not only as your own chief joy, 
 but as your children's best and richest legacy, — a legacy, 
 which if rightly used, will make them " rich in faith," 
 and heirs of God's eternal glory. 
 
 Finally, you see something of the strong ties which 
 hind us together, England and America ; the fathers' 
 home, the children's birth-place. We are indeed but 
 one. Brothers all, from the same old Saxon stock. 
 
 " Englnnd, the blood that warms 
 
 The heart within me, had its source in thee."^ 
 
 ' Among other helps of a rational and Christmas, Circumcision, Epiphany, 
 
 scriptural devotion the arrangement of Good Friday, Easter, Ascension, Whit- 
 
 ihe services of the church according to Sunday, Trinity Sunday— from the Sa- 
 
 the course of the ecclesiastical year holds viour's cradle to his throne in glory, 
 
 a prominent place ; by which all the where, in mystic union with the Father 
 
 great facts and doctrines of our holy re- and the Son, he is for ever seated. How 
 
 ligionare, in their natural order, brought simple! how beautiful ! how natural ! 
 
 before the minds of her children. Every how inspirintr ! 
 
 man who constantly attends the ser- Yes,-if the inrensiUes of hope and fear 
 
 vices, must, from them alone — including Attract us still, and passionate exercise 
 
 the large portions of Holy Scripture Of lofty thoughts, the way Lefore us lies 
 
 appropriate to the season and subject, ■D'**''":^ «'''A«'5-«*' .-thro' which, in fixt career 
 
 1-1 , , , As thro^ a Zodiac, moves the ritual year 
 
 which are always read — have some nrp i j. i i . i . • i 
 
 Ul J^ngland s church — stupendous mysteries I 
 
 knowledge of the true systein of the gos- JVorcUworih. 
 
 pel. From the incarnation of Christ, he 2 Poemg, by William W. Lord, 
 is led, as it were, step by step — Advent, 
 
46 
 
 Our language, — our letters, — our laws ; — our faith, sealed 
 with martyrs' blood, and forms of worship radiant with 
 the " beauty of holiness ;" — our church herself, with 
 " her clothing of wrought gold," whence came they all, 
 but from England, — old England. Who can wonder 
 then, that our hearts' best blood should curdle and thicken 
 when danger threatens our good understanding,* — or war 
 lifts up its fearful standard ? Who can wonder that a 
 thrill of joy should meet and welcome every token of 
 abiding peace? " Sirs, ye are brethren." Distant then 
 be the day of discord, — removed for ever the hour of 
 mutual hate and deadly battle. England and Amer- 
 ica ! O, be peace your spirit — " perpetual peace" - 
 your mutual blessing. 
 
 ' It is hardly necessary to say that ^ " General orders issued by General 
 
 reference is here made to the " rumours Washington'' upon the cessation of hos- 
 
 of war" connected with the Oregon tilities. — Chatham, April 18th, 1783. 
 
 question. 
 
APPENDIX. 
 
 A— p. 8. 
 
 CHARTER OF THE EPISCOPAL CHURCH, NEWARK. 
 
 '•George the Second, by the Grace of God, of Great Brittain, 
 France and Ireland, King. Defender of the Faith — To all to whom these 
 presents shall come, Greeting : Whereas we, on the humble petition of our 
 Loving Subjects, Edward Vaughan, late Rector of Trinity Church at 
 Newark, John Schuyler and Josiah Ogden, late Church Wardens, and 
 George Lurting, David Ogden, John Ludlow, David Ogden, Jun'r, 
 William Kingsland, William Turner, George Vrelandt, Daniel Pierson. 
 Roger Kingsland and Emanuel Cocker, Late Vestrymen of said Church, 
 in behalf and for themselves and other Inhabitants of Newark, Second 
 River, New Barbadoes Neck and Acqwacknong, in the Province of 
 New Jersey, to our Trusty and Well-Beloved Lewis Morris, Esq'r. 
 Deceased, our Late Captain General and Commander in Chiefe of our 
 Province of New Jersey and Territories thereon depending in America, 
 and Vice Admiral in the same, &c. : Setting forth that they had Lately 
 by Voluntary Contributions Erected and Built a New Church in the 
 said Town of Newark, and the same had Dedicated to the Service and 
 Worship of God, according to the Rites and Ceremonies of the Church 
 of England as by Law Established, by the name of Trinity Church, 
 which Church they hold and enjoy. Together with Parsonage Lands 
 in said Parish ; but that for want of their being incorporated, they were 
 not Capable of recovering or .accepting such donations as pious designed 
 persons were or may be dispos'd to give unto them ; or purchasing 
 any Lands or Tenements for the use of said Church, or Transacting 
 and Carrying on the affairs and business thereof in such Advantageous 
 and Beneficial a manner as otherwise they might do. Wherefore, to 
 
18 
 
 the end said Petitioners and their Successors might be secured in the 
 Quiet and Peaceable Possession and Enjoyment of said Church and 
 Parsonage Lands, and also to be erected and made a body Politick and 
 Corporate, the better to Manage and Carry on the affairs and business 
 of said Church to and for the Glory of God and the pious Uses intended 
 thereby, they prayed our Royal Grant and Confirmation of said Church 
 and Parsonage Lands, and that they and all the Communicants of the 
 said Church might be incorporated into a Body Politick and Corporate, 
 in deed, fact and name, by the Name and Stile of the Rector, Church 
 Wardens and Vestrymen of Trinity Church at Newark, Elected and 
 Chosen according to the Canons ot the Church of England as by law 
 established ; and that as such, and by that Name, they and their Suc- 
 cessors might have, hold, and occupy and enjoy all the Rights, Benefits 
 and Advantages, Priviledges, Immunities and Appurtenances as are 
 usually held and enjoyed by any Parochial Church within the Realm 
 of England ; did, by our letters patent under the Great Seal of our 
 Province of New Jersey, bearing date at Kingsbury, the fourth of Feb- 
 ruary, in the nineteenth year of our Reign, grant to said Petitioners 
 and their Successors the prayer of said Petition, and also Certain Pri- 
 viledges, Clauses, Articles, and things therein mentioned, as by said 
 Letters pattent remaining on the publick Records of the Province of 
 New Jersey at Perth Amboy, in book No. 2 of Commissions, page 105 
 to 110 Inclusive, may fully appear. And whereas, by the humble pe- 
 tition of our loving Subjects, Isaac Brown, the present Rector of said 
 Church, John Schuyler and Josiah Ogden, the present Church War- 
 dens of said Church, and William Kingsland, David Ogden, Junior, 
 John Ludlow, Daniel Pierson, George Vrelandt, William Turner. Roger 
 Kingsland, Emanuel Cocker and Richard Broadberry, the Major Part of 
 the Vestrymen of said Church, in behalf of themselves and other In- 
 habitants of Newark, Second River, New Barbadoes Neck, and Ac- 
 quacknong aforesaid, presented to our Trusty and well Beloved John 
 Hamilton Esq'r,-President of our Council and Commander in Chief of our 
 Province of New Jersey, that there Avere several Words, or Sentences, 
 Clauses and Expressions unhappily and through Mistake Inserted and 
 mentioned in the above in part recited Letters pattent, which would prove 
 hurtfull and injurious to the Interest, Welfare and prosperity of said 
 Church and Congregation, which were Intended to be promoted and ad- 
 vanced thereby. Wherefore the same petitioners Last aforesaid, humbly 
 prayed that we would Revoke, Annul and make Void the same Letters 
 pattent aforesaid, and would also grant these our Letters pattent for the 
 interest, welfare, advantage and prosperity of said Church and Con- 
 gregation. Now KNOW YEE, that we have revoked, determined, annulled 
 and made void, and by these presents Do revoke, determine, annul and 
 make void the above said in part recited Letters pattent. and every 
 
49 
 
 Clause. Article and thing therein Contained. And farther, know ye, 
 that being Willing to giv^e all due Encouragement and promotion to 
 the pious Intentions of our said Last petitioners aforesaid, and to grant 
 their request in that behalf, we, of our Especial Grace, Certain Know- 
 ledge and mere Motion, have made, Ordained, Constituted and De- 
 clared, and by these presents, for us, our heirs and Successors, do make, 
 Ordain, Constitute and Declare, that the said Isaac Brown, John 
 Schuyler, Josiah Ogden, David Ogden, Jolm Ludlow, David Ogden, 
 Jun'r, William Kingsland, William Turner, George Vrelandt, Daniel 
 Pierson, Roger Kingsland, Emanuel Cocker and Richard Broadberry, 
 and the rest of the Congregation of the Church, Inhabitants of Newark, 
 Second River, New Barbadoes Neck, and Acquacknong aforesaid, be, 
 and they and their Successors shall be, from time to time, and at all 
 times forever hereafter, a body Corporate and politick, in deed, fact and 
 name, by I he name and stile of the Rector, Church Wardens and Ves- 
 trymen of Trinity Church at Newark, Elected and chosen according to 
 the canons of the Church of England as by Law Established our Body 
 Corporate and PoHtick, in deed, fact and name, really and fully, we do, 
 for our heirs and successors, Erect, make, Constitute, Declare, and 
 Create, by these presents; and that by the same name they and their 
 Successors shall and may have perpetual succession, and shall and may 
 be persons able and capable in the Law to Sue and be Sued, to Implead 
 and be Impleaded, to Answer and be Answered unto, to Defend and be 
 Defended, in all Courts and Elsewhere, in all and singular Suits, Causes, 
 Q,uarrels, Matters, Actions, Demands, and things of what nature and 
 kind soever ; and also that they and their Successors, by the same 
 name, be, and shall be forever hereafter. Capable and able in Law to 
 take, accept, have, hold and enjoy, in fee, for Life or Lives, for Year or 
 Years, or in any other manner, any Messuages, Buildings, Lands, 
 Tenements, Hereditaments, Given, Granted, Bargain'd or sold by any 
 former Gifts, Grants, Sale, or Patent, or by any other ways or means 
 whatsoever, to any person or persons whomsoever, for the use of the 
 parsonage for the Town of Newark aforesaid ; and to bring suit or suits 
 in all Courts and Elsewhere, for the Recovering and obtaining the 
 Same by all Lawful Means whatsoever ; and also that they and their 
 Successors, by the same name aforesaid, be, and shall be forever here- 
 after, Capable in Law to Take, Accept of, acquire and purchase, Re- 
 ceive, have, hold and Enjoy, in fee "forever, or for Life or Lives, or for 
 Year or Years, or in any other manner, any Messuage, Buildings, 
 Houses, Lands, Tenements, and Real Estates, and all or any part of 
 the Messuages, Buildings, Houses, Lands, Tenements, Hereditaments, 
 and Premises aforesaid, to Lease for one or more Years, or to Grant, 
 alien, Bargain, sell and Dispose of for Life or Lives, or in fee simple, 
 under certain yearly Rents ; and also to accept of and take, possess and 
 
 ) 
 
50 
 
 purchase, any Goods. Chattels, or personal Estate, and the same to hire. 
 !et, sell, or Dispo.se at their will and pleasure : and all this as fully as 
 any other Corporation or Body Politick within our Kingdom of England, 
 or this our Province of New Jersey, may lawfully do. Provided, that 
 such Messuages and Real Estates as they or their Successors shall 
 have, or may be, or are Entitled unto, shall not at any time Exceed the 
 yearly Rent of two hundred pounds Lawful money of Great Brittain. 
 over and above the said Church, and Ground on which the same stands, 
 and Parsonage lands, heretofore Given, Granted, or Patenteed to said 
 Town of Newark, for the use of the parsonage of said Town ; and fur- 
 ther, we do will and Grant, that the said Rector and Congregation, and 
 their Successors, shall, and may, forever hereafter, have a Common 
 Seal, to serve and use for all matters, Causes, things and affairs what- 
 soever, of them and their Successors, and full power and authority to 
 Break, Alter, Change, and newmake the same, or any other Common 
 Seal, from time to time, at their will and pleasure, as they shall think fit ; 
 and further, we will and ordain, and by these presents, for us, our heirs 
 and Successors, declare and appoint, that for the better ordering and 
 managing the affairs and business of the said Corporation, there shall be 
 one Rector, or Parochial Minister of the Church of England, as by Law 
 Established, duly ordained for the Cure of Souls, Two Church War- 
 dens, and Ten Vestrymen, from time to time. Constituted, Elected and 
 Chosen in manner and form as is hereafter in these presents Expressed ; 
 which Vestrymen, or the greatest part of them, and the Two Church 
 Wardens, or one of them, together with the Rector for the time being, 
 shall apply themselves to take care for the best obtaining, recovering, 
 disposing. Governing and ordering the General business and affairs of and 
 concerning said Church, and all such Lands, Tenements, Hereditaments. 
 Real and personal Estate as now do belong to the parsonage aforesaid, or 
 shall or may be hereafter uacqired as aforesaid. And for the better ex- 
 ecution of our Royal will and pleasure herein. We Do, for us, our heirs, and 
 Successors, assign, name, constitute and Confirm the said Isaac Brown 
 to be the present Rector or Parochial Minister of the said Church, for 
 and during, and until another Minister by the Church Wardens and 
 Vestrymen, or the major part of them for the time being, shall be elected, 
 chosen and appointed in his room ; and that on the death or Removal 
 of the said Isaac Brown, the said Church Wardens and Vestrymen of 
 said Church, or the Major part of them for the time being, shall, from 
 time to time, in Case of a Vacancy of a Minister in said Church, have 
 the right of Calling, and Receiving, and Accepting such Minister of 
 the Church of England as by Law Established, to be Minister of said 
 Church, as they shall think fit ; and the said John Schuyler and Josiah 
 Ogden to be the present Church Wardens of the said Church ; and the 
 i-aid David Ogden. John Ludlow, David Ogden, Junior, William Kings- 
 
51 
 
 land, William Turner, George Vrelandt. Daniel Picrson, Roger Kings- 
 land, Emanuel Cocker, and Richard Broadberry, to be the present Ves- 
 trymen of the said Church ; which said Church Wardens and Vestry- 
 men are to Continue in the said several offices till Monday in Easter 
 Week next Ensuing, or untill others be chosen in their Room, in 
 such manner as is hereinafter expressed; and further, We Do will. 
 and by these presents, for us, our heirs and Successors, do ordain, 
 appoint and direct, that the Rector of said Church for the time being 
 shall and may from time to time, upon all occasions, Assemble and Call 
 together the said Church Wardens, or one of them, and Vestrymen for 
 the time being, or the greater Number of them, to Consult, Advise, do 
 and perform the Business and affairs of the said Church, and of and 
 Concerning the premises aforesaid, and to hold Vestry's for that Pur- 
 pose ; and in case of the Death of the Minister of said Church, or his 
 refusal, on fifteen days' Notice being given to the Rector of said Church 
 (or the time being by one of the Church Wardens and three of the 
 Vestrymen at Least, of the time and place for holding a Vestry Meeting, 
 then, in either of such Cases, During such Death or Refusal, the Church 
 Wardens for the time being, or one of them, may Call and hold such Ves- 
 trys, and do and perform in such Vacancy or Refusal, and not otherways, 
 every matter and thing relating to the premises, as if done by and with 
 the order, Consent and approbation of the Rector of said Church. 
 And further, our will and pleasure is, and we do, for us, our heirs and 
 Successors, Establish, appoint, and direct, that the Choice, as well of 
 Vestrymen as of the Church Wardens for the said Church, shall be 
 annual, and that Yearly, once in the Year forever, that is to say, on 
 Monday in Easter week in every Year, at the Said Church, in the 
 Manner following, (to wit,) that the Rector for the time being shall ap- 
 point one of the Congregation of said Church to be one of the Church 
 Wardens, and the Congregation of said Church, or the Major part of 
 them then present, shall Elect, Chuse, and appoint one other of the 
 Congregation of said Church to be the other Church Wardt-.n, and 
 Ten other of the Congregation of said Church to be Vestrymen for the 
 Ensuing Year ; which Church Wardens and Vestrymen, so Chosen, 
 and hereafter to be Chosen, shall Immediately Enter upon their Res- 
 pective offices, from the respective times they shall be Chosen, until 
 other fit persons be respectively Elected in their stead and places ,; and 
 shall, and by these presents, have full power and Lawful Authority to 
 do, execute and perform their several and Respective offices, in as full 
 and Ample a Manner as any Church Wardens or Vestrymen in that 
 part of Great Brittain Called England, or this our province, have, or 
 lawfully may do. And if it shall happen that any or either of them, 
 the said Church Wardens or ten Vestrymen, so to be Annually Elected, 
 shall die or be removed, or deny. Refuse, or Neglect to officiate in the 
 
52 
 
 said Respective offices of Church Wardens and Vestrymen, before 
 Either of their time for serving therein be expired, then, in every such 
 Case, it sliall and may be Lawful to and for the Congregation of said 
 Church for the time being, or the Major part of them, to proceed in 
 Manner aforesaid and make a New Election of one or more of their 
 Congregation in the stead and place of such officer or officers so dying, 
 or Removing, or denying, Refusing, or Neglecting to officiate in his or 
 their respective office as aforesaid, and so as often as the Case shall happen 
 or Require: and further, our will and Pleasure is, and we do hereby 
 Direct and appoint that one of the said Church Wardens, and five of 
 said Vestrymen, shall be Elected and Chosen out of the Congregation 
 of said Church. Living and residing in Newark aforesaid, to the south- 
 ward of the brook, or River, called Second River, and the other Church 
 Warden and other five Vestrymen to be Elected and Chosen out of the 
 Congregation of said Church, Living and residing on New Barbadoes 
 Neck, or to the Northward of said Brook or River. And our further 
 Will and Pleasure is, that it shall and may be Lawfull, to and tor the 
 present, or any other succeeding Rector of the said Church, by and 
 with the A4yice and Consent of the Church Wardens for the time 
 being, or one of them, and by and with the Advice and Consent of the 
 Vestrymen for the time being, or the Major part of them, in Vestry, to 
 Nominate and appoint a Clark, Sexton, or Bellringer, to and for the 
 said Church, also a Clark and Messenger to serve the said Vestry at 
 their Meetings, and such other under officers as they shall stand in need 
 of, to remain in their Respective Offices so long as the said Rector, or 
 Church Wardens and Vestry for the time being, or the major part of 
 them, shall think fit. And Wee do further, of our Especial Grace, 
 Certain Knowledge, and meer motion, Give and Grant unto the said 
 Rector and Congregation, and to their Successors forever, that the 
 Rector, Church Wardens, or one of them, and Vestrymen of the said 
 Church for the time being, or the Major part of them in Vestry, shall have, 
 and have hereby given and Granted unto them, full power and Authority 
 from time to time, and at all times hereafter, to make. Ordain and Con- 
 stitute such Rules, Orders and Ordinances for the good discipline and 
 order of the Members of said Church and Corporation, as they, or the 
 Major part of them, shall think fit; so that those Rules, and Orders, 
 and Ordinances, be not repugnant to the Laws of that part of our 
 Kingdom of Great Brittain Called England, or of this our Province, but 
 as Near as maybe thereto; which Rules, Orders and Ordinances shall 
 be. from time to time, firmly entered in a book or books to be kept for 
 that purpose. And further Know Yee, that we, of our more abun- 
 dant Grace, Certain Knowledge, and meer Motion, have given. Granted, 
 Ratified and Confirmed, and by these presents, for us, our Heirs and 
 Successors, do Give, Grant, Ratify and Confirm, unto the said Rector 
 
53 
 
 and Congregation of said Trinity Church, and their Successors, all 
 that the°said Church, and Ground on which the same stands, and 
 which doth belong to the same, containing in the whole one half Acre 
 of Land, TO Have and to Hold all and singular the Premises aforesaid, 
 with the privilidges and appurtenances aforesaid, unto them, the said 
 Rector and Congregation of Trinity Church at Newark in New Jersey, 
 and their Successors, for their only proper use and behoof forever, to 
 be holden of us, our heirs and Successors, in fee and Common Socage, 
 as of our manor of East Greenwich in our County Kent, within that 
 part of our Kingdom of Great Brittain Called England, Yielding, 
 rendering, and paying therefor. Yearly, and every Year forever, unto 
 us, our heirs and Successors, on the feast of the Annunciation of the 
 Blessed Virgin Mary, at Newark aforesaid, the Annual Rent of six 
 pence Curre'nt money of our said Province, in Lieu and Stead of all 
 other Rents, Dues, Duties and Services, Claims and Demands whatso- 
 ever, for the premises. And Lastly, we do, for us, our Heirs and 
 Successors, Ordain and Grant, unto the said Rector and Congregation 
 of Trinity Church at Newark in New Jersey, and their Successors, by 
 these presents, that this our Grant shall be Firm, Good, Effectual and 
 Available in all things in the Law, to all Intents, Constructions, and 
 Purposes whatsoever, according to our true Intent and Meaning herein 
 before declared ; and shall be Construed, Reputed and Adjudged, in all 
 Causes, most favourable on the behalf and for the best benefit and be- 
 hoof of the said Rector and Congregation of said Trinity Church at 
 Newark in New Jersey, and their Successors, although express Mention 
 of the Yearly Value or Certainty of the Premises, or any of them, in 
 these presents is or are not named, or any Statute, Ordinance, Pro- 
 vision, Proclamation or Restriction heretofore Made, Enacted, Or- 
 dained or Provided, or any other Matter, Cause, or thing, to the Con- 
 trary notwithstanding. In Testimony whereof, we have Caused these 
 our Letters to be made Pattent, and the Great Seal of our Province of 
 New Jersey to be hereunto affixed, and the same to be entered on record 
 in our Secretaries' office of our said Province of New Jersey, at our 
 City of Perth Amboy, in one of the books of Records there remaining. 
 Witness, our said Trusty and Well Beloved John Hamilton, Esquire, 
 President of our Council and Commander in Chiefe of our said Province 
 of New Jersey, at Perth Amboy, this Tenth Day of February, in the 
 Twentieth Year of our Reign, and in the Year of our Lord one thou- 
 sand seven hundred and forty-six : 1746-7." 
 
 ( '^e^ ) ^ " READ." 
 
 ] of the [ 
 ( Prov. ) 
 
54 
 
 " The within Charter is Recorded in the Secretary's Office at Perth 
 Amboy, in Book C, No. 2 of Commissions, &c., pages 142 to 149, in- 
 clusive. Examined by me." 
 
 " THOS. BARTOW, Sec'ry." 
 
 B.— p. 11. 
 
 I KNOW not that I can better illustrate the important services of the 
 Society, and th€ character of the men whom they sent out as their 
 Missionaries, than by a brief reference to one, who, — though labouring 
 in another province, yet by reason of his relation to me and mine as well 
 as of the stirring events of the period of his ministrations, one of the 
 most deeply interesting of our colonial history, — may not unfitly be se- 
 lected by me, at such a time, for such a purpose. 
 
 In January, 1755, Thomas Barton, who had been for two years 
 assistant tutor in the Academy of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia, went 
 to England with ample testimonials, from professors in the college and 
 others, as to his qualification for the holy office of the Ministry, and a 
 request from the inhabitants of Huntington, Pa., that he might be ap- 
 pointed their Missionary. Having been ordained, he was sent back as 
 itinerant Missionary to the Counties of York and Cumberland. His 
 public ministrations were divided at first between Huntington, Carlisle, 
 and York. 
 
 " Upon hearing," I quote one of his own letters, preserved in 
 Hawkins' Historical Notices of the Missions of the Church, recently 
 published in England, — " that within the limits of my mission there 
 were large numbers of the communion of the church of England in 
 the settlements of Canogoehieg, Shippensburg, Sheerman's Valley, 
 West Penns-Borough and Marsh Creek, I determined to visit each of 
 these places four times a year, to prepare them for the Sacrament of 
 the Lord's Supper, and to baptize their children." 
 
 " I had," he adds, " the pleasure to see my hearers increase daily, 
 amounting to such a number in a few weeks at Huntington, that 
 I have been sometimes obliged to preach under the cover of the trees. 
 And when it was my turn at Carlisle, I am told, that people came forty, 
 fifty, and some, sixty miles." — O how rich a service— at such a cost ! 
 
55 
 
 How near to Heaven must they be, who go so far on earth for such a 
 purpose ! — Alas, that men should view God's worship a matter of mere 
 convenience, or personal ease, or arbitrary humour ! — Alas, that they 
 should doze away in sleepy idleness, the precious hours of God's own 
 appointed Sabbath, wherein the prayers and the praises of assembled 
 saints rise like holy incense up to Heaven ! — Alas, that even Christian 
 men should put a slight on this great ordinance of God for their own sal- 
 vation, and stay at home and read a pious book, or sleep perchance over 
 its soothing pages, when the Gospel is preached according to Christ's 
 own ordinance at their very doors ! 
 
 Mr. Barton's position, in the extreme west of the English settle- 
 ments, naturally led him to form some acquaintance with the " nations 
 of savages" inhabiting those regions. Some of them came down the 
 Ohio to Carlisle, to dispose of their furs and deer skins. With these 
 he took pains to ingratiate himself; and was " big with hopes of being 
 able to do service among these tawny people," when news was re- 
 ceived of the disastrious defeat of General Braddock. This melan- 
 choly event was soon succeeded by an alienation of the Indians, and a 
 large portion of five counties was depopulated and laid waste, through 
 their savage cruelty ; some hundreds of her steadiest sons having cither 
 been murdered or carried into barbarous captivity. 
 
 •' At a time of such public calamity and distress, you may easily 
 conceive," he says, " what must be my situation, whose fortune it was 
 to have my residence in a place where these grievances were felt 
 most. ... It is but a little time since these counties were first erected. 
 They were chiefly settled by poor people, who were not able to pur- 
 chase lands in the interior part of the country. Many of them were 
 eo low at first, that two families were generally obliged to join in fitting 
 out one plough."— That district is now one of the wealthiest of the 
 state. — The condition of the inhabitants, especially of Cumberland, 
 became at this time truly deplorable. Wandering about without bread 
 to eat, or a house in which to shelter themselves from the weather, the 
 sorely stricken families had no time to weep even for their dearest 
 dead. — " Since I sat down," says Mr. Barton, to write this letter, '• 1 
 have received accounts that a poor family, who had fled for refuo-e into 
 this country about six months ago — finding they could not subsist, 
 chose, a few days ago, to run the risk of returning home to enjoy the 
 fruits of their labor ; where they had not time to unload their cart, be- 
 fore they were seized by Indians and murdered." " Carlisle," he 
 adds, " is the only remains of that once-populous country. ... I offi- 
 ciate sometimes in a barn, and sometimes in a waste-house or whatever 
 else convenience offers." j 
 
56 
 
 In this difficult position, Mr. B. was obliged to organize his people 
 for defence against the French and Indians ; and his services were so 
 valuable to the country, that he was thus mentioned in a letter from Phila- 
 delphia, to Mr. Penn, the proprietary. " Mr. B. deserves the commen- 
 dations of all lovers of their country ; for he has put himself at the head 
 of his congregations and marched either by night or by day on every 
 alarm. Had others imitated his example, Cumberland would not have 
 wanted men enough to defend it ; nor has he done any thing in the 
 military way, but what hath increased his character for piety, and that 
 of a sincerely religious man and zealous minister.'" In 1758, the 
 young men within his Mission offered to take up arms in defence of 
 their country, and join General Forbes' army, " if Mr. B. would go 
 with them as their Minister." He was absent on this occasion, but a 
 short time from his ordinary duties. Five years afterwards, his 
 churches were crowded with people, some from a great distance. 
 
 Mr. B.'s Missionary field was now somewhat changed. It com- 
 prised, as he writes in 1764, the whole of Lancaster county, part of 
 Chester, and part of Berks. The circumference of his stated Mission 
 only being thus two hundred miles. He had churches in Lancaster, 
 Caernaroon and Pequea,*^ which no weather prevented him from visiting. 
 
 ' Mr. Barton was not the only cler- 
 (gyman of the Church of England who 
 took part in military affairs. Dr. Camm, 
 of Virginia, at the time of the Revolution 
 being a strong" Whig," and a man of 
 wealth, raised and equipped a troop of 
 horse, and connnanded it during the 
 war. At its close he resigned his com- 
 mission in the army, returned to his par- 
 ish, and died its rector. 
 
 * The writer's ancestors were among 
 the first members of this old parish, 
 which dates its origin from about the 
 same time as Trinity Church, Newark. 
 Rev. Mr. Backhouse, Missionary at 
 Chester, began to collect a congregation 
 here about the year 1728 or '29. In 
 173.3 the congregation was very large, 
 and he had baptized fifty children in the 
 course of the year. The first church — 
 probably a log building — was erected 
 about 1730. In 1729, "eight or ten 
 thousand souls from Ireland " had set- 
 tled in the province. Mr. B. officiated 
 
 here from time to time, till his death in 
 1750. Mr. Craig, itinerant missionary, 
 visited the parish in 1751. His chief 
 place of residence was at Lancaster, 
 where " thirty families had begun to 
 build a church " in 1746. Mr. C. re- 
 signed charge of the parish in 1757, 
 when he was transferred to Chester. 
 Mr. Barton removed to Lancaster in 
 1759, at which time, also, he took charge 
 of the congregation in Pequea. " A 
 church of stone " was finished here in 
 1762, of which the corner-stone had 
 been laid in 1753. This building has, 
 within a few years, given place to one 
 still larger and more substantial. Rev. 
 Messrs. Heath, Joseph Clarkson, both 
 deceased ; Wm. A. Muhlenburg, D. D., 
 of N. Y. ; Samuel Bowman, D. D , of 
 Lancaster, Pa. ; I. B. Clemson, of 
 Westchester, Pa. ; R. U. Morgan, D.D., 
 of Reading, Pa. ; Ed. Y. Buchanan, of 
 Paradise, Pa., have officiated there since 
 the Revolution. Henry TuUidge, of 
 
" The Catechetical instructions to my young people, are never omit- 
 ted. . . . Besides these stated duties, I am often called ten, fifteen or 
 twenty miles, to assist the sick, bury the dead, &c., which greatly adds 
 to my fatigue." His health then began somewhat to fail him ; but that 
 did not prevent him from visiting at times the Churches of New London 
 and Whiteclay Creek,— the one at a distance of thirty-five miles, the 
 other more than fifty,— besides other places, to make known the truths 
 and administer the ordinances of the Gospel. 
 
 Such was the man, who,— counting not his life dear unto him, that 
 he might finish his course with joy. and the Ministry which he had re- 
 ceived of the Lord Jesus,— laboured as Missionary and Rector in the 
 Parish where I was born and baptized.' In the principles which he 
 taught of "Evangelic truth and apostoHc order," was my father's fa- 
 ther well instructed ; and by him, as his last official act, was my father 
 himself^ baptized by his own name, at the request of a dying sister, 
 on the day of her burial.^ By that father, carefully instructed in the 
 principles of the Church, I stand before you in his stead,— for he had 
 been destined by his parents to the same Ministry,— the Minister of 
 Jesus Christ. 
 
 In the Providence of God, and by his blessing upon the unwearied 
 labours of that faithful man Thomas Barton,^ I take as it were my 
 father's place, and preach this day to you " the unsearchable riches of 
 the Gospel of Christ." 
 
 Erie, Pa., hath recently been called to peace ; and the God of love and peace 
 
 the charge of the parish. shall be with you.' There were few, if 
 
 Pequea, Lancaster county. Pa. any, that were not in tears. Soon after 
 
 2 Barton Henderson. He died Oct. he buried your aunt, he left for England, 
 
 1st, 1823. but died before he arrived." 
 
 ' These circumstances were commu- * Mr. Barton left several sons. One 
 
 nicated to the writer by an aged aunt, of them, Benjamin S., M. D., was the 
 
 now on the verge of fourscore years, who eminent botanist, and Professor in the 
 
 adds, " Mr. B. was beloved by all that University of Pennsylvania. Two of 
 
 knew him. The day he preached his his descendants are now physicians in 
 
 farewell sermon, the church would not Philadelphia ; the distinguished surgeon, 
 
 hold half the people that came to hear I. Rhea Barton, being one. George 
 
 him. He took his text from 2 Cor. xiii. Washington Barton is also a descendant, 
 
 11. 'Finally, brethren, farewell. Be formerly judge of one of the courts in 
 
 of good comfort, be of one mind ; live in Pennsylvania. 
 
58 
 C— p. 19. 
 
 NEW BRUNSWICK CHURCH. 
 
 Mr. Wood (mentioned in the note on page 19) having removed 
 from New Brunswick to Nova Scotia, the Rev. Mr. Seabury, Jun., (af- 
 terwards Bishop,) was appointed by the Society to succeed him. Mr. 
 Seabury removed to Jamaica, Long Island, in 1757, having resided in 
 New Brunswick about tliree years. Mr. McKean succeeded him, De- 
 cember 16th, 1757. Mr. McKean is still recollected by some of the re- 
 sidents of New Brunswick, and is described to have been '' a particu- 
 larly pleasing preacher." The charter of incorporation was obtained 
 during his Rectorship ; and " what is somewhat singular, writes Mr. 
 Carter, " this original charter was found only a year or two ago, in the 
 garret of an old building in the city of New- York, and presented to the 
 vestry, accompanied with a very appropriate letter, by Edward W. 
 Dunham, Esq., of New- York." Upon Mr. McKean's removal in 1763 
 to Perth Amboy, where he died, the Hon. Edward Antill officiated as 
 lay reader, both here and at Piscataway, for a short time, until Rev. 
 Leonard Cutting was appointed Rector in 1764. He reported one 
 hundred and thir-ty families, and twenty-five communicants. Mr. Cut- 
 ting removed to Hempstead, Long Island, in 1766, and was succeeded by 
 Rev. Abraham Beach, in 1767. Mr. Beach officiated till 1784, when he 
 became assistant minister of Trinity Church, New- York. Mr. Row- 
 land was his successor. He removed shortly after to Shelburn, Nova 
 Scotia. After a short vacancy, Rev. George Ogilvie, son-in-law of Dr. 
 Macwhorter. of Newark, was called. He is said to have been an elo- 
 quent preacher. He resigned in 1790. Mr. Van Dyke succeeded him. 
 
 From 1793 to 1799 there appears to have been a vacancy. On the 
 25lh March, 1799, Rev. John Henry Hobart, afterwards Bishop, en- 
 gaged to officiate for one year, after which Mr. (afterwards Dr.) Beasley 
 supplied the services for a short time. Mr. Cotton officiated for a year 
 from May, 1800. On May 11, 1801, Rev. John Croes, of Swedesbo- 
 rough, aiterwards Bishop, was called to the rectorship of the parish. 
 Rev. John Croes, Jun., having been assistant minister to his father for 
 nearly two years, was called to the rectorship in 1832, Rev. Alfred 
 Stubbs, the present Rector, succeeded Mr. Croes in 1839. The writer 
 is indebted to the kindness of Rev. Abraham Beach Carter for this 
 brief summary. He is happy to add that this parish has recently pur- 
 chased a parsonage house and lot, a well-deserved tribute to the suc- 
 cessful ability and zeal with which their present Rector has discharged 
 the duties of his office. 
 
 I 
 
59 
 
 D.— p. 19. 
 
 For the following particulars relative to this benefactor of the church, 
 «he writer is indebted to John S. Condit. M. D. 
 
 Any thing, which relates to that chivalric soldier. Colonel Peter 
 Schuyler, whose name was in the ears of our fathers like the sound oi' 
 a trumpet, ought to be interesting to their descendants. 
 
 Colonel Schuyler, when not in service, resided at his seat in Barba- 
 does Neck, on the Passaic River, opposite the now northern part of the 
 city of Newark. A portion of his establishment yet remains, forming, 
 although much altered, the recent residence of Mr. Leonard Kirby. 
 
 The principal house, a stately edifice of brick and stone, — not im- 
 probably similar in fashion to that built by his brother Colonel John 
 Schuyler, now standing opposite Belleville, owned by Peter G. Stuyve- 
 sant, Esq., — was placed a short distance south of the remaining building 
 in the rear of the venerable Catalpa trees, yet feebly surviving the 
 master and his mansion. 
 
 It is not an unreasonable belief that from under the shade of these 
 very trees a hundred years ago, Colonel Schuyler often left his pleasant 
 home, to aid both with purse and sword, (for he used both,) in restrain- 
 ing and repelling the threatening advances of the French and Indians 
 upon the harassed frontier of New-York, or from our own border. For 
 although this State enjoyed comparative quiet, yet there were periods 
 of painful solicitude and apprehension. 
 
 On this very spot, where men now dwell so securely, so unappre- 
 hensive of any possible external danger, where it would seem the 
 sound of the war-whoop could never have been feared or heard, the in- 
 habitants of Newark, not much more than a century ago, worshipped 
 God with arms in their hands. 
 
 Colonel Peter Schuyler married a daughter of John Walter, an emi- 
 nent merchant of New- York, and a friend and executor of his father. 
 He died in 1768. leaving one daughter, Catherine, who married Cap- 
 tain A. Kennedy, a member of a highly respectable family, long resi- 
 dent in this country. They lived on the Neck, near Newark, upon the 
 estate previously occupied by her father. Ultimately she died child- 
 less. After her decease Captain Kennedy married a Miss Watts. 
 
 At a subsequent period, in consequence of the death of a remote 
 relative, the Scotch title and appurtenant estate ofCassilis devolving 
 upon Captain Kennedy, he removed to Great Britain. His descendants 
 are now there, and one of them, the inheritor of the title worn by his fa- 
 ther, has since been elevated to the advanced dignity of Marquis of Ailsa. 
 
60 
 
 Although Colonel Schuyler left no descendants, there are many re- 
 mote connections yet surviving. The great-grandchildren of his brother, 
 Colonel John, yet ow^n and occupy the greater part of the large plan- 
 tation and mine estate upon vi^hich Colonel Peter was born and reared. 
 
 The father of Colonel Peter Schuyler was Captain Arent Schuyler, 
 who settled in Barbadoes Neck about 1710. He was the individual who 
 opened the noted Schuyler (copper) mines, and had probably also seen 
 military service. He doubtless came from Albany, and was probably the 
 brother of the distinguished Colonel Peter Schuyler, of New- York, who 
 exercised great influence over the Five Nations. His wife, mother of 
 Colonel P. Schuyler, of Newark, was Swantie Van Dykhuysen, of Flat- 
 lands, Long Island. 
 
 This same family at a later period, (the Albany branch,) produced 
 General Philip Schuyler, of the Revolution. Arent H. Schuyler, of the 
 Belleville congregation,- still represents the family near the ancient 
 homestead on Barbadoes Neck. 
 
 ,-^BL, 
 
 —p. 34. 
 
 THE APOSTOLICAL INSTITUTION OF EPISCOPACY 
 DEMONSTRATED. 
 
 I CONCEIVE this that follows is as clear a demonstration as any thing 
 of this nature is capable of: 
 
 " That this government, (Episcopal) was received universally in the 
 Church, either in the Apostles' time or presently after, is so evident 
 and unquestionable, that the most learned adversaries of this govern- 
 ment, do themselves confess it." 
 
 " Petrus Molinseus, in his book, De Munere Pastorali, written in defence 
 of Presbyterial government, acknowledgeth that presently after the 
 
 Apostles' times, or even in their time, it was ordained that in every 
 
 city one of the Presbytery should be called a Bishop, who should have 
 pre-eminence over his colleagues, to avoid confusion which ofttimes 
 ariseth out of equality ; and truly this form of government all churches 
 every where received." 
 
 " Theodoras Beza, in his tract, De triplici Episcopatus genere, con- 
 fesseth in effect the same thing ," 
 
61 
 
 " Certainly from these two great defenders, (others are added in a 
 note,) we should never have had this free acknowledgment, — so pre- 
 judicial to their own pretence, and so advantageous to their adversaries' 
 purpose, — had not the evidence of clear and undeniable truth enforced 
 them to it." 
 
 " We may safely take for granted, that which these two learned 
 adversaries have confessed, and see whether, upon this foundation laid 
 by them, we may not, by unanswerable reason, raise this superstructure : 
 
 '■ That, seeing Episcopal government is confessedly so ancient and 
 so catholic, it cannot, with reason, be denied to be Apostolic." 
 
 " For so great a change, as between Presbyterial government and 
 Episcopal, could not possibly have prevailed all the world over in a 
 little time. Had Episcopal government been an aberration from or a 
 corruption of the government left in the churches by the Apostles, it had 
 been very strange that it should have been received in any one church 
 .so suddenly, or that it should have prevailed in all for many ages after. 
 •' Had the churches erred, they would have varied j what, therefore, is 
 one and the same amongst all, came not surely by error, but by tradi- 
 tion." Thus Tertullian argues 
 
 " For what universal cause can be assigned or feigned, of this uni- 
 versal apostasy ?" 
 
 " What device shall we study, or to what fountain shall we reduce 
 this strange pretended alteration? Ignorance of the will of Christ, on 
 the part of Presbyters and other Christians, touching the necessity of 
 Presbyterial government? or wickedness in them to conspire against 
 it? Ambition on the part of some or many of a forbidden superiority, 
 succeeding in its aim without opposition or contradiction ? Nay , without 
 any noise or notice taken of it ! All the watchmen fast asleep — all the 
 dogs so dumb that not so much as one should open his mouth against it ?" 
 
 " But let us suppose, (though it be a horrible untruth.) that the Pres- 
 byters and people then, were not so good Christians as the Presbyterians 
 
 are now, yet, certainly, they were men ; and if we look at them as 
 
 mere natural men," the case, he proceeds to argue, presents as many 
 difficulties as the other. 
 
 " When I shall see, therefore, all the fables in the Metamorphosis acted 
 and prove true stories ; when I shall see all the democracies and 
 aristocracies in the world, lie down and sleep and wake into monarchies ; 
 then will I begin to believe that Presbyterial government, having con- 
 tinued in the church during the Apostles' times, should, presently after, 
 (against the Apostles' doctrine and will of Christ,) be whirled about 
 like a scene in a mask, and transformed into Episcopacy. In the mean 
 time, while these things remain thus incredible, and in human reason 
 impossible, I hope I shall have leave to conclude thus — 
 
 " Episcopal government is acknowledged to have been universally 
 received in the Church, presently after the Apostles' times." 
 
62 
 
 '• Between the Apostles' times and this ' presently after.' there was 
 not time enough for, nor possibility of, so great an alteration." 
 
 " And, therefore, there was no such alteration as is pretended ; and 
 therefore Episcopacy, being confessed to be so ancient and catholic, 
 must be granted also to be Apostolic : Quod erat demonstrandum." — 
 Chillingworth'e Works, p. 507. 
 
 4 
 
 "^ F,— p. 39. 
 
 HURCH AT ORANGE. 
 
 St. Mark's Church. Orange, may be considered as a daughter of 
 Trinity Church. The families which formed the nucleus of St. Mark's 
 were for many years under the pastoral charge of the Rector of Trinity 
 Church, and attended service at Newark. 
 
 The original family, which embraced Church principles in Orange, 
 was that of Benjamin Williams. At a remote period, not far from the 
 time of the American Revolution, a copy of Dean Hicke's Treatise on 
 the Christian Priesthood, found its way into the hands of Mr. Williams. 
 who had been educated in the doctrines of the Presbyterians. Upon 
 reading the book, he discovered that it advanced claims for the divine 
 origin of Episcopacy. Although the doctrine was new to him, and 
 one which was opposed to all his former opinions, he persevered in 
 the examination. His mind dwelt upon the subject, and after making 
 such an investigation as the circumstances of those times, and his lim- 
 ited opportunities would permit, he came to the conclusion, that the 
 office of a Bishop was of divine origin, and therefore of lasting obliga- 
 tion in the Church of Christ. He immediately connected himself with 
 Trinity Church, Newark, and in its communion continued until his death 
 in 1826. Although living six miles distant from the Church, he was a 
 very constant attendant on divine service. His numerous family were 
 educated in the doctrines of the Church, and, with him, frequented the 
 services at Newark. Their love for the church attracted the attention 
 of their successive pastors, and obtained from them occasional visits. 
 
 So early as the year 1808, Mr. Willard reported to the Convention 
 " That he had performed divine service and preached twice at Mr. Ben- 
 jamin Williams', Orange, where he had large and attentive congrega- 
 tions. That there were several families who appeared to be attached 
 
^ 
 
 63 
 
 to the Episcopal Church: for whom he has baptized seven or eight 
 children, and who regularly attend at Newark. Mr. Willard is of opin- 
 ion, that with little attention, a considerable Church might be collected 
 there." 
 
 From the time of this report by Mr. Willard, vmtil 1825, these fami- 
 lies, embracing the children and some of the neighbours of Benjamin 
 Williams, were favoured with occasional services from the successive 
 rectors of Trinity Church, and also from the Bishop, who, after 1819, 
 appears to have included their neighbourhood in his Episcopal visitations. 
 In the year 1825, the Bishop placed them under the charge of the 
 Rev. Mr. Holmes, as Missionary. Mr. Holmes, faithful to his trust, 
 visited the station about once in six weeks, and had several interviews 
 with tlie aged Mr. Williams, who, through all difficulties, had for some 
 fifty years preserved his connexion with the Episcopal Church. The 
 old man, however, Avas not suffered long to rejoice in hearing the voice 
 of the welcome Missionary, for in a few months he was called away full 
 of years. The services however were not discontinued. Although at 
 first but feebly supported by some five or six families, principally the 
 descendants of Mr. Williams, the zealous Missionary continued his 
 labours. One family after another was added to his congregation, so 
 that in 1827, a Church was organized. During 1828, the present' 
 church edifice was erected. In 1829, the congregation which had be- 
 come too numerous to continue as one of Mr. Holmes's Missionary 
 stations, secured the valuable services of the Rev. Mr. Whittingham, 
 then a deacon of the diocese of New- York, and now Bishop of Mary- 
 land. After continuing in charge for a year and a half, he was called 
 to a more extended field of labour, and the congregation elected their 
 former Missionary as Rector. Mr. Holmes continued in charge until 
 1836, when he died, universally beloved." 
 
 To this we may add, that Mr. Holmes was succeeded by the 
 Rev. Mr. Williams, grandson of the Mr. Williams whose name is men- 
 tioned above as the first Episcopalian of Orange. St. Mark's Church) 
 gradually increasing from so small a beginning, is now in a flourishing 
 state, and numbers one hundred and twenty communicants. 
 
T 
 
 64 
 
 G.— p. 40. 
 
 MINISTERS OP CHRIST CHAPEL, BELLEVILLE. 
 
 The following list of the different Clergymen, who have officiated 
 in Belleville, was kindly furnished the writer by a member of the 
 Parish. 
 
 Rev'd William Berrian, 1810. 
 " George Morehouse, about 1816. 
 " Augustus Fitch, about 1819. 
 " Lawson Carter, 1821. 
 John Grigg, 1823 to 1825. 
 
 [atthew Matthews, 1825 to 1829. 
 Ralph Williston, 1831. 
 " Messrs. Holmes & Whittingham, 1832. 
 " Robert Davies, 1834 to 1838. 
 " Doct. Chapman, 1841. 
 V " Sam'l L. Southard, 1842 to 1844. 
 
 " Henry B. Sherman, 1845. 
 
 At various times the service has been read by lay-readers ; the 
 Rev'd Mr. Ward, and the late Rev'd Mr. Lathrop being among the 
 number, before they entered into holy orders. In 1832, the late Mr. 
 Holmes, of Orange, gave a portion of his time to Belleville ; and at that 
 time also, the present Bishop of Maryland, who had left St. Luke's, N. 
 Y., on account of his health, and was with his family connexions at 
 Orange, gave us his services occasionally. The Church was separated 
 from Trinity, Newark, while Mr. Davies was our Minister. 
 
BX5920.N6T8H4 
 
 The Days of old : a centennial discourse 
 
 Princeton Theological Seminary-Speer Library 
 
 1 1012 00004 0420