LIBRARY OF PRINCETON MAR 2 8 2008 THEOLOGICAL SEMINARY BX8951 .P92 1706-1788b Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. Records of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America : embracing the minutes of the General RECORDS Presbyterian Church UNITED STATES OF AMERICA EMBRACING THE MINUTES OF THE GENERAL PRESBYTERY AND GENERAL SYNOD 1706-1788 TOGETHER WITH AN INDEX AND THE MINUTES OF THE GENERAL CONVENTION FOR RELIGIOUS LIBERTY 1766-1775 PHILADELPHIA PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION AND SABBATH-SCHOOL WORK 1319 WALNUT STREET 1904 PREFACE These Records embrace the following important documents connected with the early history of the Presbyterian Church in the U. S. A., Minutes of the General Presbytery from A. d. 1706 to 1716 ; Minutes of the General Synod from a. d. 1717 to 1758 ; Minutes of the Synod of New York from A. D. 1745 to 1758 ; and Minutes of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia from A. D. 1758 to 1788. The earlier editions were issued in 1841 and 1856, but without an Index. The General Synod in 1786 gave expression to the desirability of an Index to the manuscript records, but there is no evidence that it ever was pre- pared. The Stated Clerk of the General Assembly recently brought the matter to the attention of the Assembly, and he was authorized to have the Index prepared and published. Through the kind co-operation of the Board of Publication and Sunday-School Work, this new edition contain- ing the Index is issued, with the addition of the Minutes of the General Convention for Religious Liberty, etc , held by delegates from the General Synod of the Presbyterian Church and the General Association of the Churches of Connecticut, from 1766 to 1775, The volume is a most valuable portion of the Historical Records of our Church. WM. H. ROBERTS, Stated Clerk. ADYEETISEMENT. For several years past the General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America, have adopted measures for the full and complete publication of their minutes, including those of the Presbytery of Philadelphia, during the period that it was the only Presbyterian judicatory in the country ; and of the Synods of New York and Philadelphia, during the time that they, separated or united, were the highest judicatories known to the Church ; thus securing, as far as these records might embody it, a connected history of the Presbyterian Church, from its earliest organization in this country, to the present time. Various diflB.culties have occurred to defeat the execution of this very desira- ble object; and in May, 1840, the General Assembly directed their Stated Clerk to promote the publication, if practicable, through the agency of the Presbyterian Board of Publication. The subject was accordingly proposed, and the Executive Committee of the Board, with great unanimity, resolved to ad- venture at least on the publication of a preliminary volume, embracing the earlier records until the period of the organization of the General Assembly; with the intention of completing the plan, provided the demand for the work should justify them in incurring the heavy expense of such an enterprise. The subscriber, being both Stated Clerk of the General Assembly, and Editor of the Board of Publication, has been entrusted with the preparation of the Minutes for the press. In fulfilment of the duties of his appointment, he has thought it advisable to preface the Records with a very brief introduc- tion, and to connect the several parts by some explanatory remarks. Among the records of the earliest Presbytery and Synod, is a letter-book, (iii) jv ADVERTISEMENT. containing, besides copies of a part of the correspondence of these bodies, certain memoranda which should properly have been inserted in the body of the minutes. The letters and the memoranda have been appended as notes to the minutes under their proper dates, thus giving the history more fulness and continuity. It must be a subject of gratulation in the Church, that by this publication the early records of the Church, which were in danger of perishing, have been secured in a permanent form; and it is to be hoped, that the eager de- mand for this volume will lead to the completion of the plan, by the publication in full of all the Minutes of the General Assembly to the present time. WILLIAM M. ENGLES. PHiLAOELroiA, January, 1841. EECOEDS PKESBYTERIAN CHURCH. PRELIMINARY SKETCH. The Presbyterian Church assumed its ecclesiastical form in the United States, at a date posterior to the establishment of the Puritans, Roman Catho- lics, Quakers, and Episcopalians. It is to be presumed that individuals of this denomination, in the spirit of personal enterprise, had emigrated at an early date of the settlement of the country, and were scattered throughout the Colonies ; but they were in no place sufficiently numerous to associate in a con- gregational, much less in a presbyterial capacity. The Puritans of New Eng- land, and the Quakers of Pennsylvania, Delaware, and New Jersey, had emi- grated from religious motives j and as they wished to preserve their distinctive religious character in a land far removed from the vexatious evils, to which per- secution had subjected them in the place of their birth, they came in large numbers, and selected their residence with a view to peaceful religious associa- tion. The cause which principally influenced them, had as yet exerted no power over the Presbyterians of Scotland and Ireland. In the peaceful enjoy- ment of their religious rights, they had no inducement, or rather were com- pelled by no necessity, to flee to the uncultivated wilds of America. Soon after the restoration of Charles II., however, the Presbyterians of Scotland and Ireland were subjected to a persecution, which increased in viru- lence in proportion to the resistance which was opposed to a corrupt monarch's will. The subversion of the cherished religion of a nation, and the substitution of another, which, for many considerations, was particularly obnoxious, could not be accomplished without resorting to the most inhuman proscriptions and banishments. These attempts to impose Episcopacy on Presbyterians, which were relentlessly pursued until the accession of William III., rendered the provinces of America a desirable refuge for those who could not, without peril of life, cherish their religious preferences in the place of their nativity. i The first churches established in this country under Presbyterian organiza- tion were situated in Delaware, Maryland, Pennsylvania, and New Jersey. In these provinces religious liberty was secured by the original proprietors. The following may be considered as an agreeable specimen of the temper (V) vi TRELIMIXARY SKETCH. which characterized the laws of these provinces on the subject of religion. It is an enactment in relation to Pennsylvania, and is in these words : — " That all persons living in this province, who confess and acknowledge one Almighty and Eternal (lod to be the Creator, Upholder, and Ruler of the world, and that bold themselves obliged in conscience to live peaceably and justly in civil society, shall in noways be molested or prejudiced for their religious persuasion or practice, in matters of faith and worship; nor shall they be compelled, at any time, to frcost preces, sessione Gta. Mr. Andrew.s is ordered to assist Mr. Wilson to write to the people of Free- hold against the next meeting. Mr. Wilson and Mr. Taylor's letter to the people of Snowhill was read and (iu.stained. Ordt.Tcd, That Mr. Boyd shall supply Woodbridge every third Sabbath if they desire it, and the Presbytery are to write to the people of Freehold desir- ing their con.sent thereto, and the meeting Iiou.so shall be the only place of meeting or not at all in Woodbridge, but may be at Aniboy if the people of Woodbridge and Amboy be content; and in the interval, when Mr. Boyd is Dot there, they arc advised, if they can see it clear to themselves, to hear Mr. Wa.le. Ordered, That Mr. Andrews and Mr. Il.iinjiton write to the ministers of Connecticut coneerning the affair of Wondbriilgc. Ordered, 'J'hat .^lr. Davis and .^lr. Wilson write to the people of AVoodbridge. 170S.] PEESBTTERY 01 PHILADELrniA. 13 Ordered, That Mr. Taylor write to the people of MoDokin and Wicomico, exciting them to their duty to pay -R-hat they promise to Mr. McNish. Ordered, That the next' meeting be at Philadelphia, the second Tuesday of May next. Mr. I>aTis is to have his Presbyterial Exercise the next meeting, upon Heb. i. ver. -Ith, and Mr. McXish upon verse the 5th. Ordered, That the meeting be adjourned till Monday, at 8 in the morning. May Ibth. Mr. McNish's letter to the people of Xew Castle read and sustained. Mr. Davis and Mr. Wilson's letter to the people of Freehold read and sus- tained. Mr. Andre-ws and 3Ir. Hampton's letters to Connecticut read and sustained.* *May £4, 1708. To Mr. Davenport, Mr. Webb, Mr. Shove, and Mr. Backingham. EeTerend Bretiren : — Througli the good providence of our Lord Jesus Christ assisting ns, ■we. the ministers of the gospel of the Presbyterian persuasion, in this province and those adjacent, taking into our serious consideration the case and circumstances of our holy religion in these parts, have, to our great toil and labour, and great difiSculty to di- Tcrs of tis. by reason of our great distance from one another, formed ourselves into a Presbytery. annnaHy to be convened, for the furthering and promoting the true interests of religion and godliness. In which our undertaking, as we would not have any thing should be advanced that may be justly disgustful to any pious soul, but the contrary, so it is our universal desire to -walk in the nearest union and fellow^ship with the churches in those parts where you inhabit, not knowing any difference in opinion .so weighty as to inhibit such a proposal, not doubting of your cordial assent thereunto. And for a testi- moty of our sincerity and real intentions to act as has been mentioned, we conclude it convenient to lay before you one difficult matttr that has been, (to our great trouble and exercise,) laid before us, and also what has been our advice about it: holding it proper so to do, because yourselves have been concerned in a transaction that has in some measure led into it We find by divers letters that have passed between you and sun- dry persons in Woodbridge, that you are not unacquainted with the confusions and dis- tractions arising from the accession of Mr. Wade to be the minister of that town, and the aversion of a considerable part of the people to the accepting of him as such, and therefore need only mention what we, after mature deliberation and consultation have advised for the healing the differences among them, upon the application of those that disagree with Mr. Wade made unto us, concluding that if their contentions and animosi- ties continue, it may be of unhappy consequence, viz. That Mr. Boyd, minister of Free- hold, should, if desired by the dissenting party, (which, for distinction, may be so termed,) come and preach at Woodbridge one Lord's day every three weeks, in the pub- lic meeting house there, if it may. as we hope it will, be admitted : and if it be not al- lowed o^ to preTent any open and visible breach as much as can be. that he should prea^ at Amboj, or any other place agreed upon, provided it be not within the town of Woodbridge, and have left it to their liberty and discretion, according to the light of their consciences, guided by the infallible word of God, either to join or not to join with Mr. Wade in the time of Mr. Boyd"s absence. This we thought, after a great deal of per- plexity about it, to be all that we could propose at present for the satisfying the gentle- men that have requested our he]p and counsel, and as the most ready expedient we could think upon, in the present exigency of affairs among them for their mutual reconcilia- tion and comfort. Moreover, as you have been employed in Mr. Wade's fixing there, and ire hope with sincere aims at the good of the place, so long groaning under the unhap- piness of the want of a settled ministry, so we humbiy conceive you are in duty bound in a speoal manner to put to your helping hand to rescue them from the miserable in- conveniences that now they labour under, by all the ways that you can, to which we ho}:>e your advice for mutual forbearance may have much force. The disadvantages by such things as these administered to the power and life of religion, and our common cause, with the occasion given to them that would rejoice in our ruin, we need not inform of, and therefore promise ourselves nothing will be wanting on your part for accommo- dating these differences. And in the mean time we request your charitable constructions upon what we have directed unto, in so difficult a matter, if it do not prove to be ac- 14 MINUTES OF THE [1709. Mr. Wilson and Mr. Andrews' letter to the people of "Woodbridgc read and sustained. Mr. Taylor's letter to the people of Wicomico read and sustained. At a meeting of the Presbytery at Philadelphia, 1709. May 10, 1709, post preces sederunt. Ministers : Mr. John Wilson, Mr. Jedcdiah Andrews, Mr. Nath. Taylor, Mr. George McNish, Mr. John Hampton, and Mr. Joseph Smith. Elders : Joseph Yard, John Gardner, Alexander Bell, William Fosset, and Robert Wilson. Mr. Andrews was chosen Moderator, and Mr. Smith, Clerk to the Presby- tery. Ordered, That Mr. Hampton write to the people of Cohanzy to perform their obligations to Mr. Smith. It was complained of that Mr. Davis did not perform his part at the inau- guration of Mr. Hampton. The business of Mr. Wilson, referring to New Castle, deferred till the next sederunt, and also relating to Apoquinimy. It was also objected against Mr. Davis, that he did not preach at Apoqui- nimy according to order. The Kev. Mr. John Boyd being dead, what relates to him ceases. The Presbytery adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow. 3Iay 11, sessione Ida, post preces sederunt, &c. Mr. Hampton, according to order, performed his part in writing to the people of Cohanzy, and the letter wa.s approven. The Presbytery adjourned till S o'clock, post mcrid, Scssione^tia post preces sederunt, ministers, d-c. Ordered, That Mr. Davis be writ to, and that the letter be writ by Mr. Taylor, for his absence and other delinquencies, not preaching at Apoquinimy, not delivering his Prcsbyterial exercise. Ordered, That every letter sent by the Presbytery be inserted into a book appointed by the Presbytery for that purpose, and that this be done by Mr. Audrew.s. Ordered, That ]Mr. Davis prepare his Presbyterial exercise on Heb. i. 4, (as was formerly appointed by tiie Presbytery,) against the next meeting of the Presbytery, and that tliis be .signified by Mr. Taylor's letter to him. Ordered, That Mr. Wilson preach at Apcjquinimy once a month till the next meeting upon a week day, and one Sabbath in a (juarter till the aforesaid meet- ing, provided always, that the Sabbath day's sermon be taken from the Whit- clay Creek people, their time. Ordered, That Mr. Smith go to the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell, and confer with them on such matters as shall bo propounded to him by them, concerning his being called to be their minister; and that Mr. Smith preach to the people aforesaid, on his way to New England, or return from it, or cording to your own sentiments, seeing it is according to the best of our ligiit. Thus Loping tliat our cliurclics and ourselves, in this dark part of the world, siiiill l)0 remem- bered in your supplicationH uiiti* that (Jod in whom are nil our si)rin;;H, aiid from wiium i.i all help, direction, and Muccess, we subscribe ourselvea your bretlireu in the work of th» gospel.— [L<«fr JJuok.] 1709.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 15 both ; and that this be intimated to Mr. Smith, and the people aforesaid be writ to by Mr. Andrews. The Presbytery is adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. 4:ta. Sessione ante merid. Post preces sederunt, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, moderator, &c. The letter to Mr. Davis was writ, read, and approved. Ordered, That a draught of a letter be drawn up to New Castle by Mr. Wil- son and Mr. McNish. The Presbytery adjourned till 3 o'clock, post merid. bta. sederunt post merid. Precibus peractis, sederunt, &c. A letter from Woodbridge read ; and resolved that an answer be written to them by Mr. Wilson. A letter from the people of Monokin and Wicomico read and seriously considered. A call also sent from them to Mr. McNish, was not accepted by him. Resolved, that a letter be writ to them hereupon by Mr. Taylor. Or- dered also, that Mr. McNish preach only every third Sabbath to those of Wicomico. Ordered, next sederunt at 2 o'clock, post merid. Q)ta. sederunt. Mr. McNish delivered his Presbyterial exercise and was approved. New Castle aflair debated, and a letter to them agreed on.* Ordered, That a letter be written in concert with that from New-England to Sir Edmund Harrison, by Mr. Wilson and Mr. Andrews. Also, that a letter be written to Mr. Mather and other ministers at Boston, to thank them for their concurrence with us. Adjourned till Monday, 9 o'clock, ante merid. * To the people of New Castle. May 1709. Out of a Christian compassion that we have towards you, we cannot but commiserate your present circumstances, and are heartily sorry for the misunderstanding that is be- tween you and Mr. Wilson ; as also for the difference that is between you and our Christian friends in the country. We would be glad to fall upon a healing method to remedy these unhappy divisions. And gentlemen, you may be assured, that whatsoever (in duty,) lies within the compass of our power shall not be wanting ; but after second thoughts and a due sense of your condition, we fear that such changes as are set on foot among you in the present circumstances concerning a minister, may prove detrimental to your and our common interest, especially when we take notice that nothing particular has been offered to us by you concerning our brother Mr. Wilson, why he may not con- tinue in his pastoral charge and function among you as formerly. A general dissatisfac- tion is the principal thing, (it seems,) which is pretended both in your letter to us, and by your and our friend, Mr. Janvier. However, out of tender respect to you, we have according to desire, presented Mr. McNish with your call, which he, for reasons given you by himself, cannot at present comply with. We beseech you, gentlemen, to put favourable constructions upon what we do, and that in truth and sincerity we desire and pray for, and endeavour your spiritual and eternal welfare ; but yourselves may easily see that the smallness of our number, the particular engagements that every one of us lie under already, render your supply any other way than by our brother Mr. Wilson, at least at present, impracticable. And therefore, we entreat, nay require you in the Lord, to concur with us ; lay aside all prejudices ; struggle not too much with providential, una- voidable difficulties ; be submissive, which is a truly Christian temper ; trust in God, use patient endeavours, and expect without doubting a comfortable issue, which we hope for and shall constantly endeavour. Subscribing ourselves, Yours in the work of the Gospel, &c. — \_Letter Book-I 16 MIXUTES OF THE [1709. JTora O/ja. ante mcriil. post prcccs sederunt, d'c. Mr. Wilgon ami Mr. Andrews' letter to Sir Edmund Harrison, read and approved, and committed to !Mr. Andrews to transmit it to London.* Mr. Hampton's letter to 3Ir. Mather and others, in Boston, was read and approved ; ordered that ]NIr. Andrews have the sending of it. Mr. Taylor's letter to Mr. Davis, and another to Monokin and Wicomico, were read and approved. Ordered, That no members of this Presbytery, upon any whatever pretence, do depart or leave the Presbytery, without the meeting be broke up, or at least leave be asked and had from the Presbytery. * To Sir Edmund Ilarrison. May, 1709. Honourable Sir : — The distressed condition of these Provinces, with respect to religion, in which the providence of God hiis cast our lot, has moved us to apply to the Reverend Ministers of Boston, in New-England, to join with us in addressing yourself, and other charitable gentlemen in London, to consider the state of these countries, and to implore your help and assistance for promoting the interest of our glorious Lord. To our great satisfaction they have readily complied with our desire, and have drawn up and signed a letter particularly directed to yourself. And that we for our parts may not be wanting, being informed of that public excellent spirit in you, famed both for piety and prudence, do likewise address ourselves unto your honour upon the same account. The ncf;otiatioa began and encouraged by a fund, in the time when our worthy friend Mr. McKemie, (now deceased,) was with you, for evangelizing these colonies, was a business exceed- ingly acceptable to a multitude of people, and was likely to have been of great service if continued, which makes us much grieved that so valuable a design was, so soon after its beginning, laid aside. The necessity of carrying on the same aflair being as great, if not greater now, than it was then, we hope that our patriots [patrons ?J in London, will revive bo good and important a work, and not let it lie buried under the ashes, but that Bome suitable method will be taken that it may be set on foot again. Unto whom can we applj' ourselves more fitly than unto our fathers, who have been extolled in the reformed churches for their large bounty and benevolence in their necessities ? We doubt not, but if the sura of about two hundred pounds per annum, were raised for the encouragement of ministers in these parts, it would enable ministers and people to erect eight congrega- tions, and ourselves put in better circumstances than hitherto we have been. We are at present seven ministers, most of whose outward affairs are so straitened as to crave relief, unto which, if two or three more were added, it would greatly strengthen our interest, ■which does miserably suffer, as things at present are among us. Sir, if we sliall be sup- plied with ministers from you, which we earnestly desire; with your benevolence to the value abovcsaid, you may be assured of our fidelity and Christian care in distributing it to the best ends and purposes we can, so as we hope we shall be able to give a just and fair account for every part of it to yourself and otliers, by our letters to you. It is well known wliat advantages the Missionaries from England have of us, from the settled fund of their Church, which not only liberally supports them here, but encourages so many insolencea both against our persons and interests, which sorrowfully looking on, we can- not but lament and crave your remedy. That our evangelical affairs may be the better managed, wc have funned ourselves into a rresiiytery, unnuullj' to be convened at this city ; at whicli times it is a sore distress and trouble unto us, that we are not able to com- ply with the desires of sundry places, crying unto us for ministera to deal forth the word of life unto them ; therefore we most earnestly beseech yuu, in the bowels of our Lord, to intercede with the ministers of London, and other well affected gentlemen, to extend their charity and pity to us, to carry on so necessary and glorious a work ; otherwise many jifoplu will remain in a iJerishing condition as to spiritual things. In so doing, your Imnible siiiiplicants shall ever jiray liiat the blessings of God's throne and footstool may be conferred ujjon yon and them. r. 8. The death of tliat worthy and iionourablo person, the Lord Lovelace, we arc afraid will prove detrimental to our interest; and wc could wish that his i)lace were filled again with a person of such a Hj>irit and temper as ho appeared to bo of. We desire that what you shall please to transmit to us, as to letters or otherwise, may be directed unto Mr. Andrews, or in iiis absence to .Mr. David Gitling and Mr. William Allen, in I'hila- delplua. — [Letter JJook.] 1710.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 17 Ordered, That our next meeting be at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday of September, 1710. And that Mr. Hampton prepare his Presbjterial exercise against that time, from Heb. i. 6. 1710. At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia, Scptemher 20, 1710. Post preces sederuvt Mr. John Wilson, Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Mr. George McNish, Mr. John Hampton Ministers. Mr. John Gardner, Mr. Joseph Yard, Mr. Alexander Brown, Mr. Benjamin Aidlett, elders. It being put to the vote who should be moderator, carried for Mr. George McNish ; and also voted for the clerk, carried for John Hampton. The Presbytery met to-day, though yesterday was appointed, because the members were not come together before this day. Mr. Hampton, according to order, delivered his Presbyterial exercise, and the same was approved of. Upon the desire of the Rev. Mr. John Henry to be admitted a member of this Presbytery, having given due satisfaction by testimonials to the Presby- tery, he was, according to desire, admitted. At the desire also of Mr. James Anderson, he was admitted, upon producing sufficient testimonials of his abilities and qualifications for the ministerial work, and that he was duly licensed and ordained thereunto. The Presbytery adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning. Die Jovis, 2da. sederunt post preces. After mature and deliberate consideration of the Rev. Mr. Wade's case, that has been long under our consideration, he now offering himself and desiring to be a member of this Presbytery, was admitted, having satisfied, by letters and testimonials, and personal arguing, that his proceedings have been such as to give just ground for his acceptance. A committee consisting of Mr. Wilson, Andrews, Hampton, appointed to meet at two o'clock, to inquire into Mr. Morgan's and Van Vleck's affair, and prepare it for the Presbytery. Adjourned till three o'clock, ^os^ merid. Post preces, 3a. sederunt, dr. The committee, according to order, inquired into Mr. Morgan's case, and made report thereof unto the Presbytery. And after debating thereupon, and having put it to vote, it was carried in the affirmative to admit said Morgan as a member of this Presbytery. The committee reported Mr. Van Vleck's case, and after serious debating thereon, put it to the vote, admit him a member of the Presbytery or not, and it was carried in the affirmative. Memorandum : Upon the admission of these ministers above mentioned : three elders more sat in the Presbytery, namely, Mr. Pierce Bray, Mr. John Foord, and Mr. Lenard Van Degrift. A committee consisting of Mr. Henry, Mr. Anderson, and Mr. Wade, ap- pointed to prepare and bring in overtures to the Presbytery, and also take cognizance of whatever may be laid before them, to prepare it for the Pres- bytery. Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Die Veneris ante meridiem 4, sederunt, &c. post preces. Upon information that David Evan, a lay person, had taken upon him 3 18 MINUTES OF THE [1710. publicly to toach or preach among the Welch in the Groat Valley, Chester county, it was unanimously agreed that the said Evan had done very ill, and acted irregularly in thus invading the work of the ministry, and was thereupon censured. Agreed that the most proper method for advancing David Evan in neces- sary literature to prepare him for the work of the ministry is, that he lay aside all other business for a twelve month, and apply himself closely to learning and study, under the direction of Mr. Andrews, and with the assist- ance of Mr. Wilson and Anderson, and that it be left to the discretion of the said ministers when to put said Evan on trials, and license him publicly to teach or preach. Ordered, That Mr. Wilson write to the Welch, in the Welch Tract, and Mr. Andrews to those in the Great Valley. A call from the good people of Rchoboth, in IMaryland, to the Rev. ]NIr. Henry, presented by 3Ir. Pierce Bray before the Presbytery, and his answer deferred till afternoon. Adjourned to three o'clock, post meridiem. The call to Mr. Henry came under consideration, and being again proposed to his acceptance, he accepted thereof. The letter to the Great Valley, writ by Mr. Andrews, read and approved. It being reported that one Walter Kerr defamed the Presbytery, and Mr. Morgan, minister to said Kerr, desiring advice therein how to behave, it was referred to the said Mr. Morgan to take cognizance of the offence, and to act either by private or public censure, as the nature of the thing should appear to him, and that report thereof be made next meeting. Ordered, That the ministers and elders of the meeting come prepared for the future to give a true and impartial account how matters are mutually betwixt them, both with regard to spirituals and temporals. Ordered, That two letters be writ to Woodbridge, to the two parties thereof, by Mr. Wilson, Andrews, and Hampton. Mr. Morgan has obtained leave to return home on sufficient reasons offered. Mr. Brown, from the people of ]Monokin and Wicomico, moved for Mr. McNi.sh's answering to the call formerly presented to him, and his answer was delayed till to-morrow or Monday. Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock. Mr. Wilson writ to the people of Welch Tract, and was sustained. Ordered, 'J'hat Mr. Hampton and Mr. J)avis preach the admission sermons of Mr. .John Henry, at Kehoboth. Mr. Henry and Mr. McNish appointed to preach to-morrow, being the Lord's day, and Mr. Anderson on .^l^ln(lay. Adjourned to eight o'clock, Monday morning. Letters writ to Woodbridge by Mr. Wilson, Andrews, Hampton, read and- sustained,* • To our Christian friends in Woodbridge, witli whom the Rev. Mr. Wade is concerned. September, 1710. Christiiin Fricndfl, We salute you hcnrtily in tlio Lord, wi.shinp you prnco, mercy, mid peace, ^c. Voiir iU-vercnd Tastor, nnd our ttelovi'd Ih'oiIut, Mr. Wiido, liaviiif; dflVrcil himself to be ti nH'iiiber of our rrewbytery, we huve, iifter due deliberation, accordiiinly accepted of him, in hojieK that tlie iM»ue tliereof may tend to the glory of God and ^odd of ids ("inirch, and contribute to the union nnii rcoonciliation of the good people of Wood- bridge among iLcmselves, ay it doth in u particular manner unite them to us. Therefore, 1710.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 19 Mr. McNish and Brown's affair came under consideration, and it was further delayed till afternoon. Adjourned to three o'clock, afternoon Ordered, That Mr. Henry write to the Presbytery of Dublin. Ordered, That Mr. Wilson and Mr. Anderson write to the Synod of Glasgow. Mr. McNish's affair further delayed till to-morrow morning. Ordered, That a letter be writ to Dr. Tongue, at London, by the moderator. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to morrow. The letters to Glasgow and Dublin read and sustained.* we beseech you on your parts, as we have your brethren and neighbours on their parts, to study with all care and diligence, unity, peace, and holiness, and that all division and animosity by-past maybe entirely buried, by avoiding and shunning all reflections and im- prudent expressions or carriage, that in the least may tend to continue or aggravate your unhappy divisions, or hinder that true Christian communion and fellowship which is the or- nament of our holy religion. Behold, how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity! Thus committing you to God and the word of his grace, which is able to build you up, we remain your servants for Christ's sake. — \_Letter Book.'] To our Christian friends that are at present dissatisfied with Mr. Wade. September, 1710. Dear and Christian Friends : — We have had your friendly letter presented to us by our Rev. Brother, Mr. McNish, and took it into our most serious consideration, and desire to use all manner of conscientious tenderness, hoping that you will look upon our whole design to be for the glory of God, and the propagation of the gospel among you, beseech- ing you that our advice be not, by any person misunderstood, as if we had any other thing in our view than what we have already mentioned, expecting that it may have its due weight with pious and thinking souls. The llev. Mr. Nathaniel Wade made application to the Presbytery to be admitted a member thereof, upon which we deliberately debated, and made a narrow scrutiny into matters as they appeared to us, and found by his certificates that his ordination was good and valid according to Scripture rules, and also that he had a call and subscriptions even from some of yourselves, with several other recommenda- tions from persons whose integrity we could not suspect. And nothing appearing to his disadvantage sufficiently attested, we judged it unjust to deny his desire, which seemed to us to tiow from sincere intentions of being more useful and doing greater good, he having freely and fuUj^ submitted himself to the judgment and discipline of the Church according to Presbytery, and also to the meeting in particular, to whom he and his peo- ple now stand in relation. Therefore, beloved in the Lord, having thus acted sincerely and used our best endeavours to determine things most justly and fairly, we do recom- mend to your tenderness, Christian love and aflection, and for evidence thereof we can do no other than declare it to be our judgment that you do, (since you do professedly own this judicatory,) so far countenance our determination as to have a care of any thing that looks like dissension or separation, but the contrary. And we do likewise, in the bowels of Christ, (knowing how much the interest of godliness is concerned in it,) with all tenderness and love, exhort you to study peace and unity among your neighbours, and to have a conscientious care not to weaken the hands of Mr. Wade in the work of the ministry. And that this duty of love and peace may be the more eflfectually promo- ted and practised among you, we have also sent our exhortatory letter to your neigh- bours, that nothing may be wanting on their part, which, together with this, we hope may be of a cementing use. Thus recommending you to the care and guidance of the Father of Lights, we conclude, and remain your cordial well-wishers. — \_Letter Book.'\ * The Presbytery met at Philadelphia to the Rev. Presbytery of Dublin, wisheth grace, mercy, peace, (the bond of fellowship,) and prosperity in the gospel of the Lord Jesus. September, 1710. Piev. and dear Brethren in the Lord : — By a letter from the Rev. Mr. Alexander Sin- clare, a member of your society, dated November, 1709, and directed to Mr. John Henry, 20 MINUTES OF THE [1710. The matter betwixt Mr. Brown and ^IcNish with relation to the people of Monokin, came again to be considered, and jNIr. McNish agreed to go down some time before winter to Monokin, and in the' meantime to write to them, which the Presbytery have agreed unto j and then Mr. McNish to give his an- swer to their call. one of our number, we fiml you desire a correspondence may be settled and continued from time to time, than the which notliiug can be more acceptable to us poor scattered and far dispersed labourers in our Lord's vineyard. As also you desire an account of our ecclesiastical aft'airs, and promise all the assistance yourselves can afford, or procure by interest from others. The former we are ready to give, and for the latter we are grateful As to the state of the Church in these parts, our interest truly is very weak, and we cannot relate this matter without sorrow of heart, since it is too much owing to the ne- glect of ministers at home. Our late Rev. Brother Mr. Francis McKcmie, prevailed with the ministers of London to undertake the support of two itinerants for the space of two years, and after that time to send two more upon the same condition, allowing the former after that time to settle, which, if accomplished, had proved of more than credible ad- vantage to these parts, considering how far scattered most of the inhabitants be. But, alas, tliey drew back their hand, and we have reason to lament their deficiency. Had our friends at home been equally watchful and diligent as the Episcopal Society at Lon- don, our interest in most foreign plantations probably might have carried tiie balance. In all Virginia there is but one small congregation at Elizabeth River, and some few families favouring our way in Rappahanock and York. In Maryland only four, in Penn- sylvania five, and in the Jerseys two, which bounds with some places of New York, makes up all the bounds we have any members from, and at present some of these be vacant. Not long ago there was a probability of doing more good in Maryland before episcopacy was established by law, and at present is in I'ennsylvania, the East and West Jerseys, and some places of New York, if the occasion also be not slipped. As for ec- clesiastical affairs in other places, we shall not here trouble you with, being not per- fectly acquainted therewith ourselves. That then. Reverend and dear Brethren, which at present we would humbly, for the sake of Christ's interest, make the subject of our address unto you is, that of your zealous Christian, and religious charity to the mystical body of the blessed Jesus, you would raise one sixty pound to support an able well ap- proved of young man from yourselves as an itinerant in these parts, among the dispersed children of God for a year, after which time we doubt not but he may be settled com- fortably. This we have used our interest in London for, in the hands of the Rev. Mr. Calamy, which we expect, accori the Rev. Synod, (to some of our good friends.) of your willingness to correspond witii us. in what concerns the advancement of the .Mediator's interest in these regions wliere our lot is fallen. We have, for some years jiast, formee read for reversing a censure passed by Mr. Wade, agaiiiMt .]ulin lUley mid William Sharp, as fullowcth: WliLTca.s some time ago, a censure of too high a nature has been hero passed against John llsley and William Sharp, (though we cannot altogether excuse them, especially the former.) I do now uj)on good ground and satisfaction given, declare that the sumo persons, .John llsley and William Sharp, arc cleared from said censure, and now received into full communion as formerly before such censure, with this church, and all persons are accordingly to take notice thereof. f A letter to the people of Cohanzy. Seplcmhcr, 1711. Dearund Christian Friends : — From our sincere regard to your spiritual and everlast- ing welfare, we Imve taken into our most serious consideration, your state and condition, IIS at present circunistanced, and could not but tiiink it our incumbent duty, to lay be- fore yi>u what have been our thoughts thereufion. W'a could liave wished you liad taken better advised steps for your provision, as to the ministry, for we fi-ur your present sup- ply will not answer your expectation. As for the gentleman, that has for some time prenclied among you, tliough we wish him no harm, but all the gootl ho can reasonalily dcbire; yet wo have such respect to the honour of the Uospel i« general and yourselves 1711.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 23 The committee gave in their report concerning David Evan, and do approve of his hopeful proficiency. Several papers offered by John Ilsley in relation to Mr. Wade, not being thought proper to be discussed by this meeting, the said papers were delivered to him again, in concurrence with his own desire. Adjourned to 8 o'clock to-morrow morning. 25 Die Martis. The Moderator and Mr. Andrews wrote the letter to Monokin, and 'twas approved. Adjourned to 3 o'clock, afternoon. Post Merid. Mr. Wade's business further discoursed about. Adjourned till 9 o'clock, to-morrow morning. 26 Die Mercurii. Ordered, That Mr. Wilson do supply the people of Patuxent four Sabbaths, Mr. Henry four Sabbaths, and Mr. Hampton is left to himself to supply some- time if he can. Ordered, that Mr. Wilson in his letter to Mr. Henry, signify the appoint- ment of the Presbytery, concerning his supplying at Patuxent. This day our Reverend Brother, Mr. Wade, being asked if he had any thing further to'olfer in relation to Woodbridge, he did freely and of himself, make the following offer, viz : Whereas he had, with the greatest seriousness, for a long time truly lamented the many and unhappy jarrings among the people of Woodbridge; and that he might be no longer a bone of contention, did (out of a sense of the glory of God, the good of that people, and his own future quiet,) propose it, as the most healing method, that he, by the consent of the Pres- bytery, would cheerfully demit and resign up all pastoral relation to the whole people of Woodbridge, heartily wishing that they may unite in calling another minister, that the Presbytery shall approve of. And Mr. Wade further pro- posed, that in the mean time, till they be supplied, the Presbytery to take care that they may not be left destitute of help. Mr. Van Vleck's excuse with respect to his absence, was sustained, he being disabled by sickness, as one of his elders reported, being sent for that purpose. Agreed, That the Presbytery take a specimen of David Evan's knowledge in Divinity the next sederunt. Adjourned to 3 o'clock, afternoon. Post Merid. After serious deliberation, we are come to this conclusion, that the proposal made by the Ptev. Mr. Wade, concerning the demitting of his pastoral charge at Woodbridge, is the only effectual method for the healing all the breaches among the people of Woodbridge; and therefore do heartily concur with him in particular, that, by the best account we have of him, we do not judge him a suitable person to preside in the ministerial function among you. He was invited to be present at our meeting, but he neither came nor sent, which intimates either a contempt or supine neglect of ecclesiastical judicatories. AVe have been informed concerning some printed papers dispersed by him among the people, which papers we cannot approve of, as containing abundance of gross errors, so far as they are intelligible, and a great part consisting of nonsense and self-contradictions, which is obvious to any judicious observer. We thought it fit to discharge our consciences, in endeavouring to guard you against those things which we judge prejudicial to truth and your souls' happiness ; and do as- sure you, that what lies within the compass of our power, in order to your comfortable settlement, shall not be wanting from Your souls' well-wishers. — \_Letter Book ] •24 MINUTES OF THE [1711. in it, and accept of it as a truly proper and Christian expedient, and do hence- forth allow the good people of Woodbridge to supply themselves with another pastor as soon as they can, and in the mean time accept of and im}»roYe such supply as shall be otlered. 31 r. Wade ordered to supply during the vacancy. Agreed, That none should be allowed to vote for the calling of a minister, but those that shall contribute for the maintenance of him, and that the major vote of those shall be determinative. Ordered, That Mr. McNish do read the form of words drawn up at the ap- pointment of the l*rcsbytery, for the reversing the censure against John Ilsley and William Sharpe, publicly at the meeting house in AVoodbridge. Ordered, That Mr. Hampton and Anderson write a letter to the people of Woodbridge. The letter appointed to be writ to Patuxent, was read and approved. Adjourned till 9 o'clock, to-morrow. 27 Die Jolt's. Upon the desire of the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell, signified by Mr. AVilliam Yard, for our assisting them in getting a minister, it was agreed, that in case the people of Maidenhead and Hopewell arc not engaged with ]\Ir. Sacket, that they use all opportunities they have for a speedy supply, and apply themselves to the neighbouring ministers for assistance in getting a luiuister for them. The letter to Woodbridge read and approved.* * A Letter to the Christian People at Woodbridge. September, 1711. Denr and Christian Friends : The unhappy divisions and contentions that have been long among you, to our great grief and concern, having been again laid before us, with all diligence and care, we did again take them into consideration, and indeed found no amall matter of sorrow, trouble, and vexation; and after spending much time could not, without difficulty, come to any conclusion. Ujjon the whole matter, and after our serious reflections thereon, we cannot but with grief tell you, that we fi-ur there has been fault on all hands, antl that the most irmoceut have reason of self-condemnution ; how much others, then, that have been the unhappy causes, fomenters, and promoters of such unchristian distractions and animosities. Woo to tliem by whom ofl'ences come. Having mentioned tliis, we cannot pass on till in the bowels of Christ we beseech and request you to look back and repent, to love and unite, in the true fear of (iod and the interest of his kingdom for the future. That we are in particular to inform you of, which (as we ho]ie,) will prove an effectual remedy to all your unhappy dissensions is, that our reverend brother .Mr. Nathaniel Wade, has of himself, freely and willingly, for the glory of (!od and the good of poor Wood- bridge, (as lie ami we both do liojje. ) deiiiitted and resigned all jiastural relation unto, and interest in the whole people of Woodl)ridgo ; so that he is not any longer to be looked on by you, but as a transient minister or occasional supply. Wo iiave, therefore, ap- pointed liim to be your jjreseiit supply, until you can, by the majority of the votes of such as contribute to tlio maintenance of a minister, provide yourselves with such an one, as we hope you will be unanimous in, and tiie I'resbytery ajiprove of at our next meeting. And ("hristiun friends, wo doubt not. but you are sensildo that the labourer is worthy of his hire, and therefore hope you will not utterly neglect o\ir f.roilier Wade, who is to be your j»resent suj>ply, so long as he continues such. We would in the last place advise that, as soon us conveniently you'can, you do unanimously meet and consult on the nio.Mt proper methods for settling the ministry among you ; and that therein all private interests, and needless contradictions, and divisions be laid aside, the glory of (iod and good of your souls purely aimed at and sluiiied, and that you forsake not tlid assembling yourselves together. And thus we hKjve, by Christian prudence and iimdera- tioD, you will bring things, by the giuxl luovidence of (iod, to a hu]ipy issue and com- fortable conclusion. And assure yourselves that we shall always be leady antl willing to assist you to the utmost of our power, in the work of the tiospel among you. .NHw brethren, tiio Uod of I'euce and Order be with you; direct, strengthen, and establish you DO prays, Voura, &c. — [Lilhr liuuk.^ 1712.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. " 25 Appointed, That David Evan preach under the direction and inspection of Messrs. Wilson, Andrews, and Anderson, till the next Presbytery. Ordered, That 3Ir. Wade and Mr. Morgan prepare their Presbjterial exer- cises against the next Presbytery, the former on the 9th the other on the 10th verse of Heb. i. And that Mr. Wade intimate this appointment to Mr. Morgan, Xext meeting appointed at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday of September, 1712. 171S. At a Presbytery held at Philadelphia, which began, September 17, 1712. Postpreces sederunt, Ministers : Messrs. Jedediah Andrews, John Hampton, John Henry, James Anderson, Joseph Morgan, and Paul Van Yleck. Elders : Messrs. Joseph Yard, Isaac Piper, John Burges, Isaac Dilbeck. David Evan, a candidate, was chosen Clerk, and Mr. Jedediah Andrews, Moderator. ' The members not being come together yesterday, the Presbytery began this day. The roll being called over, our Rev. Brother, Mr. John Wilson, was taken away by death, and Messrs. Davis, McNish, and Wade, were absent. The Presbytery, after inquiry, are satisfied that Mr. Davis was necessarily absent this three years past ; and it is ordered that Mr. Hampton and Mr. Heni'y do exhort him to attend for the future, or send sufficient excuse in writing. Mr. Morgan's reasons for not coming to the Presbytery last year were given and sustained. The business of Walter Kerr, mentioned in the year 1710, and continued the last year, being of so long a standing, and falling of itself, the Presbytery thought good to pass it without any further notice. Touching the appointment made the last Presbytery for the supply of the people of Patuxent, it was complied with to satisfiiction. Mr. Henry delivered his Presbyterial exercise that was appointed 1710, and was approven. One Mr. Bratton, a minister, who arrived in Maryland some time last fall, being detained by sickness that he could not attend the Presbytery, sent his certificate of his legal admission to the ministry, and was approven. Mr. Eobert Wilson, being commissioned, did present a letter from the people of Monokin and Wicomico, relating to their church affairs, in answer to a letter sent to them by us last year ; and also a call to the Rev. Mr. Thomas Bratton, with a paper of subscriptions for his encouragement. And it is ordered that a letter be writ to the said Mr. Thomas Bratton, with respect to the said call, in favour of that people. 31r. Anderson ordered to write the letter. Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock. 18 Die Jovisy piost preces sederunt, &c. Mr. McXish gave his reasons for not attending at the opening of Presbytery, and they were accepted. Mr. Anderson writ the letter to Mr. Bratton, and it was approven. The order for inquiring into the mutual condition of ministers and people, ■was observed, and no complaint was made by any, except by Mr. Yan Vleck with respect to the people of Neshaminy, which cause is now depending. Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon. 4 26 MINUTES OF THE fl712. Post wic;vV7. j)o.s/ j/j'CCf.s, scihnuit, dr.. The business relating to ]Mr. Van Vlcck and his people resumed. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow. 10 Die Vrncris, j^ost preccs, dx. The business relating to jMr. Van Vleck and his people, came again into con- sideration. Mr. Anderson delivered his rrcsbytcrial exercise that was appointed him 1710, and was approven. Adjourned to half an hour after three in the afternoon. * Post merid. j>ost pi'cces, dx. The business concerning Mr. Van Vleck and his people, again taken into consideration. It was concluded that after the Presbytery had examined the several eviden- ces brought in relation to the crime of bigamy, alleged against Mr. Van A''leck, as also the exceptions offered by the said Van Vleck against the evidences, and in vindication of himself, the Presbytery not finding the evidences clear and positive enough to prove the crime against him, and yet Mr. Van A'lcck's vin- dication not sufficient to take off the scandal wholly, do therefore, till such time as Mr. Van Vleck bring satisfying \)rooi of his first wife's death, for the honour of the gospel, advise that he do not officiate as a minister of the gospel. To which advice he does willingly agree. Ordered, upon the whole, that a letter be writ to Mr. Van Vleck's people, by the moderator and Mr. Hampton.* The Presbytery having seen Mr. George Gillespie's certificates, from the Presbytery of Glasgow, concerning his being licensed to preach, and his con- versation, did approve of them, and in case Providence make way for his ordina- tion, by a call from any congregation before next Presbytery, Mr. Andrews, McNish, Anderson, and Morgan, are ordered to ordain him, and that one of the said members, or two, as they shall see fit, preach at the solemnity. A petition from the people of Whiteclay Creek was read. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow. 20 Die Saturn'i, post jn'cccs, d'c. Two letters from the people of Woodbridge, and one from Mr. Wade, being read, the business of that place was taken into consideration. * A letter to the people to whom Mr. Van Vleck did use to preach. Septemher VMh, 171 'J. Chri-stian Friends: — We have had your melancholy affair relating to tlio (liHerence be- tween .some of you and Mr. Van Vleck under wuriou.s consideration, and do .sincerely la- ment tlie same, as being of that nature to hinder the progress of true religion and good of souls. We, after much pains and time spent about it, did agree to give it as our advice to Mr. Van Vlcck, to desist from the exercise of his ministerial ollice until he vindicate liinist-lf from the grievous scandal that is so common, of his having two wives; wliicli advice of ours he hinisi-lf has willingly agreed unto, as tiie ln'st way to take off and jirevent, for the fiilure. the reproach that, it is plain, religion and go'2)tcnih<'-r Ibth, 1712. Post jireccs sederunt, Ministers : Messrs. Jedediah Andrews, George McNish, John Henry, James Anderson. Mr. James Anderson was chosen Clerk, and Mr. John Henry, Moderator. re-uniting of that people by persuadino; them and Mr. Wade to lay aside all former resent- ments and prejudices against one another, and peaceably aci|uicscc in the sctth-nient of Mr. Gillespie, if he may be prevailed upon. And in case this proposal should fail, by Mr. Gillespie's removal, which we very much fear, that they may joiuMj' aj;ree in another suitable person, whom yourself with our other reverend brethren in Doston shall recom- mend, or that Providence may otherwise provide. We the more earnestly desire the speedy settlement of that place, upon the advantages that other persuasions take from those divisions, to make parties among them. And we fear, that in case it be not soon done, we sliall lose that town, which we look upon as a place of considerable consequence. Thus having laid before you the miseries of that deplorable town, and the necessity of its speedy relief, we conclude, recommending you and your holy labours to the blessing of our glorious Lord, and rest, Reverend Brother, Your affectionate Brethren in Christ. — \_Le(ter J]ook.'\ To Mr. Nathaniel Wade. September, 1712. Mr. Wade: — We have had our meeting according to appointment, and were sorry that your business could not allow your attendance; your reasons intimated in your letter were sustained. The continued feuds between j'ou and the people of AVoodbridge came again under consideration, and after mature deliberation, we drew up the following over- ture, as the determination of the Presbytery concerning yourself, which we here trans- cribe and send you, expecting your ready compliance therewith. And at the same time earnestly exhort you, in the name and fear of God, to be so far from countenancing any differences among the people, by being a bone of contention, that you do use your utmost interest in them for their mutual peace and concord, as becomes a minister of the Prince of Peace. We account it would be an honourable thing in you that you use your best endeavours, that the worthy gentleman now among you, Mr. (Jillespie, may be retained, and not discouraged ; and that the people that have hitherto adhered to you, may be advised thankfully to acquiesce in him. And in case these differences sliould drive Mr. Gillespie out of the town, (which we hope no man will dare to maintain for that purpose,) we expect yiiu will conscientiously, what in you lies, labour with the jieoplethat the place may be settled in the enjoyment of some other suitable jjcrson wliom Providence shall proviile. In a word, we earnestly recommend to you, that you study the pi-ace and quiet of the town, that they may become at length, if it can bo, liappy in the enjoyment of an established ministry, according to the jiresent desires of the people, that so these quarrels may not be carrieil on ad intinilum. — [^fjelter Uook.J The Overture is in the book of minutes. To our Christian Friends at Woodbridge. September, 1712. Christian Friends and Dearly Beloved : — We have again taken much pains and spent much time in deliberating upon the deplorable diflVrences of your town, which have heretofore cost us so much perjilexity ami trouble. And after impartial weighing and considering all circumstances we came to this conclusion, that so long as Mr. Wade docs or may preach in the place, the peof)le will neither agree in him nor in any other. We have, thcreffire, in the name and fe.ar of our great Master, ordained and aiqioinfecl that he do no longer exercise his ministerial oflice at your town, or among the peojilc thereof, unless allowed by the Presbytery hereafter, of which we liave given intiimition in our letter to him. We do earnestly exhort and entreat jdu, in the bowels of our Lord .Jesus Christ, that laying aside all prejudices and animosities atnong otic another, you do study jieace, love, unity, and concord, as you did solemnly engage lupt long since in a |pnblic meeting held among you. Divine Providence having seat among you so worthy a man as Mr. 1713.] PEESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. 31 Mr. Robert Lawson, Mr. Daniel Magill, and Mr. G-eorge Gillespie, having applied to this Presbytery for admittance as members thereof, and the Presby- tery finding, by their ample testimonials, that they have been legally and or- derly ordained as ministers of the Gospel, and that they have since behaved themselves as such, did cheerfully and cordially receive them, and so they took their places. After which the names of the members being called, there were present. Ministers : Messrs. Jedediah Andrews, George McNish, John Henry, James Anderson, Robert Lawson, Daniel Magill, and George Gillespie. Elders : Messrs. Joseph Yard. Rowlaph Dehaws, James Caldwell, James Bell, Alexander White. Absent, Mr. John Hampton, whose letter of excuse was read and sustained. Mr. Joseph Morgan was likewise absent. Next sederunt appointed to be at three o'clock, afternoon, and so after prayer the Presbytery was dismissed. P. M. at three ddocJc, postpreces sederunt ut supra. According to appointment of last Presbytery, Mr. Hampton and Mr.. Henry spoke to Mr. Davis concerning his former absence, and being on account of Mr. Hampton's sickness, necessarily absent, he is for this time excused. Mr. Bratton, mentioned in last year's minutes, to our great grief deceased, October 1712. Mr. Van Vleck bringing certain papers immediately after breaking up of the Presbytery last year, to clear himself from the crimes charged upon him, as may more fully appear by a memorandum in the Book of Letters : and there being an appointment made to examine the validity of these papers, it was judged by those appointed to inspect into that matter, that he was guilty. ( Vide Book of Letters.) And he being now absent, and nothing yet appearing for his vindication, it is appointed that his suspension shall continue.* Gillespie, we cannot but recommend him to your countenance and encouragement, as a person, by the character he bears, by all information concerning him, worthy of your acceptance, and in whom we hope you may be happy, if you can agree. To our lamen- tation and sorrow we hear that the differences among you have produced thoughts in him, that his abiding there will make him very uncomfortable. Nevertheless we shall en- deavour to strengthen his hands and encourage his heart to try a while longer, waiting for the effect of our renewed essays for peace and quietness among you. And in case you should be so unhappy as to lose so deserving a man, we justly fear his removal may prove a vast discouragement to another from venturing among you, which we conclude all serious Christians will lay to heart. Nevertheless if these contentions should drive him away, we hope you will still labour to be unanimous in the call and settlement of another suitable person ; and we shall not be wanting, both by our prayers and other en- deavours, to promote your happiness in the enjoyment of so great a blessing. And so recommending you to the grace of God, we remain your cordial well-wishers.^ \_LeUer Book. ] * Memorandum. That the next day after the Presbytery broke up, Mr. Paulus Van Vleck making his appearfuuce with some papers to vindicate himself from the crime of bigamy, which all the members had a sight of, but all of them being just upon departing, except Mr. An- drews, McNish, and Hampton, it was left to these to coiusider of those papers, which they did, and thought them not sufficient to clear him from that scandal. There came also complaints against him for telling lies, concerning some things which he bought of Mr. Vander Gaegh, and said his mother sent them out of Holland. Whereupon these members gave this as their judgment, that in case he should clear himself from the im- putation of bigamy, yet that he should not be allowed to exercise his ministerial office till he cleared himself from the said charge of lying also. Further, it being reported there was a letter at New York from the said Mr. Van Vleck' s 32 MINUTES OF TUE [1713. Mr. Oeorge Gillespie having read a call from the people of Wliiteclay Creek, and having delivered a sermon and exegesis, and being examined as to his know- ledge in the original languages, his skill in philosophy and theology, by Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, and Morgan, according to the appointment of the Presby- tery, was approved, and solemnly set apart and ordained, by fasting, prayer, and imposition of hands, to the office of the sacred ministry, upon the 2Sth day of May, 1713.* Mr. Hampton writ to Mr. John Makie according to appointment. Ordered, That Mr. Andrews deliver his Presbyterial exercise to-morrow, at eleven o'clock. Mr. George McNish not having his Presbyterial exercise ready, and excusing himself on account of sickness for a month past, was blamed for not prepa- ring of it sooner, and ordered to prepare and deliver the same for the next Presbytery. Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock. Die Mercuriij \Qtli day. Post preces sederunt, dr. The Rev. Mr. Ilowell Powell having offijred himself for admittance as a member of this Presbytery, the Presbytery was so well satisfied with what mother, that contradicted these which be produced, Mr. McXish and Ilamptoa being bound thither, it was left to them to inspect into that affair. Memorandun Second, October 24, 1712. Mr. Hampton being returned, makes this report, that they having made inspection according to order, found a letter from said Van Vleck's mother to his uncle, Jacob Phe- nix, or his wife, bearing date within three or four days with Van Vleck's letter, and con- tradictory to his, testifying that then his wife was alive; and found also, the hands as they thought, different. Whereupon they were really of opinion, that Mr. Van Vleck was guilty of the crime laid to his charge. rhiladelpkia, October 25, 1712. Mr. Andrews and Hampton's letter to the Dutch people. Christian Friends: — AVe have thought fit to communicate unto you further our thoughts concerning your affair with Mr. Van Vleck, which are as foUowcth : First, concerning the charge of his having two wives, inquiry has been made at New York as was appoin- ted by the meeting, and it's found that there's a letter to Mr. Jacob Phonix, much of the same date with Mr.Van Vleck's, but directly contradictory to it, testifying that his wife was then alive, neither does it at all appear to be nny forgery, but very genuine, the hand agreeing with former letters of Mr. Van Vleck's mother, who wrote this to Plieui.\. Nor does it appear that either Mr. Pheni.x, or his wife, has any spite or malice against Mr. Van Vleck at all, eo that we are more afraid than ever that he is guilty of that dreadful Sia laid to his charge. And then, as to his fooli.sh and needless lying, which is a very scandalous sin, that is sufficiently evident. lioth which crimes are greatly aggravated by his drunkenness, besides swearing, and indecent light carriage ; all which, as we do greatly lament, so we really think in our consciences you are not to encourage such a person, under such grievous scandals, in the work of the holy mini.xtry among you, but rather to study and endeavour your supply otherways, by sueh Christian means as i)ru- deuce may direct you. And so, bidding you farewell, and wishing you all grace and truth, we remain yours in the Lord. — [^Leller Book.'\ ♦ Memorandum. That on the 28th of May, 1713, Mr. George Gillespie was ordained and set apart to the minititiTial work by Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, and Morgan. That lie preacrhed a sermon the day before from Gal. iv. ver. 4th, and part of the 0th, and delivered his exc- gfsifl on this r|iit'8fion, viz. An Clirittut pro omniliua et nnrjutis xit m«rtun>, discovi'n-/, eight o' clock, post preces sederunt, &c. Yesterday's minutes ordered to be read. Mr. McNish's reasons for not bringing an elder or representative with him, were heard and sustained. Mr. Henry's representative of the congregation being absent, and his reasons for not coming being inquired into, he said the present condition of his people made it necessary that there should be a particular collection made by the con- gregation for defraying the charges of the representative to the Presbytery, and it was allowed that there should. The reasons of Mr. Pumry's elder's absence were inquired into and sus- tained. Mr. McGill's absence excused on account of his sickness. Mr. Jones being absent yesterday, did this day give the reasons of his ab- sence, which were sustained. Mr. Wotherspoon's reasons of his absence this Presbytery, given by letter, were sustained. Mr. Evans his absence yesterday being inquired into, he acknowledged he was blamable for not coming sooner. Mr. Morgan's absence this and several years by-past being inquired into, it was resolved, that a letter should be writ, informing him that if he comes not, nor sends sufficient reasons against next year, we shall take it for granted that he has altogether deserted us. The letter to be writ by Mr. Andrews. Adjourned till after sermon. After sermon, sedentnt, &c. Mr. Gillespie's Presbyterial exercise was animadverted upon and ap- proved. * Memorandum. Mr. Robert Orr having performed those points of trial assigned him to satisfaction, namely, preached a popular sermon from James ii. 24, and given an exegesis on that question, An foedus circumcisione signatum, a foedere Eoangelico essentialiter differat ? and also answered to various interlocutory questions touching theological matters, and given a specimen of his attainments in other parts of learning to good approbation, he the said Mr. Orr, was, on the 20th day of October, 1715, solemnly set apart to the work of the ministry, by Masters Andrews, Morgan, Dickinson, Evans, and Bradner, at Maid- enhead, before a numerous assembly. — ILetter Book.] 44 MINUTES OF THE [1716. The reasons of Mr. Wotberspoon's absence from Mr. Con's ordination and tliis Presbytery, were by letter given and sustained. Mr. Evaus bis absence from Mr. Con's ordination, was ill taken by the Pres- bytery. The letter from the people of Patuxent, in answer to one from us last year, was read the second time to our great satisfaction. The consideration of Mr. Pierson's letter, referred till we hear from the peo- ple of Woodbridge. The Presbytery having taken into their serious consideration the affair of Mr. Gelston, in relation to the people of Kent, have found ground to, and did censure his not going back to the people of Kent, according to his promise to them. As for all his other conduct among that people, they themselves in their letter to us commend him. Adjourned till to-morrow 9 o'clock, in the morning. Thursday, at 9 d'doch, sederunt, &c. The affair of Kent being taken into the Presbyteries consideration, from a Christian sense of the want of the ordinances among them, at present have, for their encouragement, appointed Mr. Davis, Gillespie, Wotherspoon, and Evans, to preach in the county of Kent each once betwixt this and the next Presbytery; that is to say Mr. Gillespie on the third Sabbath of October, Mr. Wotherspoon the third Sabbath of April, Mr. Davis the third Sabbath of June, Mr. Evaus the third Sabbath of May. And it is likewise ordered, that Mr. Anderson do preach to the said people of Kent once in every month till the next Presbytery, provided he find suitable encouragement. Appointed also, that a letter be writ to the people of Cedar-Creek and Kent in answer to theirs, by Mr. Andrews and !Mr. Hampton. A call from the people of South-Hampton, on Long-Island, to Mr. Gelston, wherein the said people do subject themselves to us in the Lord, as a Presby- tery, being presented to us in the name of their representatives, we did tender it to the said Mr. Gelston, and he accepted it. Upon which the Presbytery, understanding that our brethren. Masters McNish and Puuiry had prescribed him a popular sermon on John xiv. G, and an rxrton, Henry, Wotherspoon, An- derson, Gillespie, Evans, and Hradner, to take his trials, and upon their satis- faction to proceed to ordination upon the first Wednesday of April next ; and that the ordination sermon be preached by Mr. lleury, or in his absence by Mr. Hampton. Adjourned till 3 o'clock. At 3 o'clock, sederunt ut supra. Mr. Powell's absence sustained on account of his sickness, which he signi- fied to us by his letter. 1716.] PRESBYTERY OF PHILADELPHIA. '• 45 The affair of Woodbridge coming into consideration, the Presbytery ordered that Mr. McNish and Mr. Pumry should fully discourse Mr. Pierson and the people there, concerning the causes of his non-ordination among them, and to do their best for removing any obstacle that may at present hinder his ordina- tion J and if the Divine Providence shall thereby happily remove all obstruc- tions, that then Mr. McNish and Mr. Pumry shall represent the same unto Mr. Andrews and other neighbouring ministers of the Presbytery ; and the Pres- bytery does appoint, that in case all the said obstructions be fairly removed, upon the request of the people, with the concurrence of Mr. Pierson, that then the said people do apply to Mr. Andrews, Mr. Jones, Mr. Orr, Mr. Pumry, Mr. Powell, and Mr. Bradner, for the ordination of the said Mr. Pierson among them, and that they ordain him, as they shall upon trial find satisfaction, and do appoint that the ordination sermon be preached by Mr. Andrews or Mr. Powell, as they shall agree. Inquiry was made according to a former appointment of the ministers and the people's representatives, concerning tiioir mutual affairs betwixt ministers and people in their respective congregations. Adjourned till half an hour after eight in the morning. Die Veneris at half an Jiour after eight o'clock, sederunt ut supra. A letter from Mr. Davis came this day to us, wherein he gave reasons for his absence at this Presbytery, which were sustained. This day a letter from the people of Woodbridge was read and considered. The Presbytery are very well satisfied with the proposals made to Mr. Pier- son for his settlement among them, and do judge if Mr. Pierson make any other or higher demands upon that people, his demands shall be accounted unreasonable, and the people are not to be blamed for refusing them. And in that case it is recommended to the people, that they look out for another minister.* Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon. At 3 o'clock, sederunt ut supra. Mr. Gelston's popular sermon was delivered, and after remarks thereupon, it was put to the vote, whether it should be accepted of as a part of his trials for ordination, which was carried in the affirmative. It having pleased Divine Providence so to increase our number, as that, after much deliberation, we judge it may be more serviceable to the interest of reli- gion, to divide ourselves into subordinate meetings or Presbyteries, constituting one annually as a synod, to meet at Philadelphia or elsewhere, to consist of all the members of each subordinate Presbytery or meeting for this year at least : Therefore it is agreed by the Presbytery, after serious deliberation, that the first subordinate meeting or Presbytery, to meet at Philadelphia or elsewhere, as they shall see fit, do consist of these following members, viz : Masters An- drews, Joues, Powell, Orr, Bradner, and Morgan. And the second to meet at New Castle or elsewhere, as they shall see fit, to consist of those, viz : Masters Anderson, McGrill, Grillespie, Wotherspoon, Evans, and Conn. The third to * ilemorandum. Mr. .John rierson having performed these points of trial assigned him, viz : preached a popular sermon from Tit. iii. 8, delivered an expgesis on that question, an justijicatio nostra sil ab ceterno aut in tempore prcestila, answered to many questions touching theo- logical matters, and also discovered his skill in the original languages ; all which being done to satisfaction, the said Mr. Pierson was ordained and set apart to the work of the ministry at Woodbridge, on the 29th day of April, 1717, by Masters Andrews, Pridden, Morgan, Orr, and Dickenson, before a very great assembly. 46 MINUTES OF THE rRESBTTERY OF nilLADELPIIlA. [1710. meet at Snow-Hill or elsewhere, to consist of these, viz : Masters Davis, Hampton, and Henry. And in consideration that only our brethren 3Ir. McNish and Mr. Pumry, are of our number upon Long-Island at present, we earnestly roeonimend it to them to use their best endeavours with the neigh- bouring brethren that are settled there, which as yet join not with us, to join with them in erecting a fourth Presbytery. And as to the time of the meet- ing of the respective Presbyteries, it is ordered that that be left to their own discretion. Ordered, That a book be kept by each of the said Presbyteries, containing a record of their proceedings, and that the said book be brought every year to our anniversary .Synod to be revised. It is appointed by this Presbytery, that the affair of Mr. Pumry, with rela- tion to his people of Newton, on Long-Island, come under the consideration of the first ]*resbyterial meeting that shall be upon the said Long-Island ; and if there shall not be such a meeting or Presbytery in some rea.sonable time, and if the said Mr. Pumry have not his grievances redressed, that then it be left to Mr. McNish and himself to determine as prudence shall direct, and be ac- countable to our next general meeting or Synod. With respect to session-books, mentioned in our last year's minutes, it is ordered, that they be brought into and revised by the respective Presbyteries, to which they shall after this time, according to our preceding appointment, belong. Adjourned till 8 o'clock, in the morning. At 8 o'clock, sederunt ut supra. Our next meeting being appointed as a Synod, it is ordered that the present moderator open the same by preaching ; and that the Moderator of the last Synod open the next by preaching always for the time coming upon the first Tuesday of our meeting, at 10 o'clock. That the matter of Mr. Gelston's further trial and ordination, be entirely referred to Mr. McNish and Pumry, with what brethren they can there engage to join with them presbyterially on Long-Island. Ordered, That the business of further overtures be continued, to be brought in to our next annual Synod. Appointed that the first meeting of our said Synod be at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday of September, in the year 1717. Adjourned till the third Tuesday of September, in the year 1717. INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. Notwithstanding the peculiar difficulties with which this early Presbytery had to contend, and to which allusion is made in their records and correspon- dence, it received an annual accession to its numbers, and the growth of the infant Church became each year more promising. It will be perceived that at their meeting in September, 1716, the Presbytery had become so much en- larged, that it was resolved to divide it into four subordinate judicatories, or Presbyteries, which should be constituent members of an annual Synod, which assumed the name of the Synod of Philadelphia. This measure seemed to be dictated as well by convenience, as by a regard to the general interests of the Church, since it must have been almost impracticable, when the facilities for travelling were few, and the stipends of the ministerial members were exceed- ingly limited, to assemble them from several different provinces, as frequently as the interests of the Church might require. The records of these subordinate judicatories, after the organization of the first Synod, although highly important and interesting in themselves, do not form any part of this work.* The affairs of the Church were successfully and happily managed, under the control of the Synod of Philadelphia, until the rise of those differences, which in the year 1741 resulted in an extensive and unhappy schism. The cause of these dissensions was not diversity of senti- ment on any of the cardinal doctrines of the gospel, for both parties alike ad- hered, in good faith, to the Westminster Confession and Catechisms ; but a dif- ference of opinion on measures, which, while one party regarded them as material to the progress of true religion, the other condemned as dangerous innovations. The history of the schism may be traced in the records which follow. These consist of the records of the Synod of Philadelphia from the year 1717 to 1758, including the period of the schism, and extending to the year in which it was healed by a re-union of the parties ; and also of the Synod of New York, which grew out of the schism, from the year 1745 to 1758. In the year 1758, the Synods of Philadelphia and New York were united, and constituted the su- preme judicatory of the Presbyterian Church, from that period, until the year 1789, when the General Assembly was organized. • If the respective Presbyteries should undertake their publication, they would form a valuable contribution to our ecclesiastical history. (47) PART SECOND THE MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA, FROM A. D. 1717 TO 1758. in 7. At a Synod held at Philadelphia, which began, Sejytemher 17th, 1717. Post prcccs sederunt Ministers : Messrs. George McNish, moderator, Jedidiah Andrews, James Anderson, George Gillespie, Robert Wotherspoon, Malnchi Jones, David Evans, Samuel Pumry, John Bradner, Robert Orr, John Thomson, John Pier- son, Jonathan Dickinson. — 13. Elders : John Snowden, Alexander White, Elias Naudain, Peter Watkins, Daniel Howell, John Kodes. — 6. For moderator of this Synod was chosen Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, and Mr. Ro- bert Wotherspoon was chosen clerk. There not being time for the reading of the last year's minutes this sederunt, adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. Wednesday, at eight o^ clock, sederunt ut supra, postprece^. Mr. Bradner's excuse for his absence last year was sustained. The list of the ministers belonging to the Synod being read, it WQS found that Mr. Henry and Mr. Powell are dead. The minutes concerning Mr. Morgan being read, the whole affair relating to that minute was referred to that Presbytery whereof he is a member. The reasons of Mr. Conn's absence were by letter given, and sustained. Masters Gillespie, Wotherspoon, and Evans, supplied Kent county accord- ing to appointment, as also did Mr. Anderson. Mr. Thomson was ordained, according to appointment ; Masters Gillespie and Bradncr absent at that time ; and their excuses on that occasion were ac- cepted. Mr. Pierson was ordained, according to appointment, at Woodbridge, on the 29th of April, 1717. The brethren belonging to Long Island have done their endeavour for erect- ing a I're.sbytery there, and were successful. Some Presbyteries being defective in not bringing their Presbytery books, it was ordered that they should have them ready against the next meeting of the Synod. The consideration of the minute made last year with respect to Mr. Pumry, reft-rred to next sederunt. The moderator of the last Synod being hindered from being here at the time ai»point«(i hy the last year's Synod, he was appointed to preach this day at ten o'clock, his Synod ical sermon. Mr. Gelston was ordained at Southampton, April the 17th, 1717, by Mas ters McNi.sh, Pliilips, and Pumry, according to appointment. Adjourned till three o'clock, afternoon. (48) 1717.] MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 49 At three o'clocl', sederunt ut supra. Mr. McNish, the moderator of the last Synod, preached according to ap- pointment, on John xxi. 17. Mr. Pumry's business further delayed. Sustained Mr. Hampton's absence, upon the account of a necessity he lies under to go to his native country for the recovery of his health. Mr. John Thomson appointed to join with the Presbytery of New Castle, till such time as there is a competent number to make up a Presbytery in his neighbourhood. Mr. Gelston's letter, containing some frivolous excuses for his absence, was not sustained. A committee for overtures, consisting of Masters McNish, Andrews, Jones, Thomson, and Pierson, was appointed. Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. TJiursday, Septeniher 19th, sederunt ut supra. It being overtured to the Synod by the committee appointed for overtures, That it is to be proposed to the several members of the Synod, to contribute something to the raising a fund for pious uses, and that they do use their in- terest with their friends, on proper occasions, to contribute something to the same purpose, and that there be chosen a treasurer to keep what shall be col- lected, and that what is or may be gathered, be disposed of according to the discretion of the Synod; the overture was agreed upon and pursued, and Mr. Andrews is to be treasurer for this purpose till the next Synod. As to the affair of Mr. Pumry, a letter from his people being presented to the Synod by one of their number, representing their desire of Mr. Pumry's continuance among them as their pastor, the Synod did appoint the moderator, and Mr. Dickinson, to write to the said people, and show the letter to the Synod the next sederunt. Adjourned till 3 o'clock, afternoon. At 3 o'clock, sederunt ut supra. The Moderator and Mr. Dickinson brought in the letter for the people of Newtown according to appointment, and it was accepted. Mr. Robert Cross, probationer, lately come from Ireland, having presented his testimonials, after reading thereof, the Synod did approve of the same, and recommended him to the Presbytery of New Castle for further direction. Adjourned till 8 o'clock to-morrow. 2^th day at 8 o'clock, sederunt ut supra. This day a call from the Presbyterian Congregation of New York being given in to the members of the Presbytery of New Castle, in order to be pre- sented to Mr. James Anderson; after they had considered of the same, together with Mr. Anderson's reasons for removal, did refer the whole affair to the Synod. The Synod taking into consideration the abovesaid business, ordered, that a committee of their number be appointed to receive and audit the reasons of the people of New Castle, if they have any to offer, against the removal of Mr. Anderson to New York or any other place ; and that the said committee do fully determine in that affair. Which committee is to consist of Messrs. McNish, Gillespie, Wotherspoon, Evans, Pumry, and Thomson, and to meet on Tuesday next, at 10 o'clock in the morning at New Castle, and that there be a letter writ to the people of New Castle by Masters Jones, Pumry, and Bradner, and to bring it against the next sederunt. 7 50 MINUTES OF THE [171S. Mr. Pierson having asked liberty of the Synod to go home, it was granted him. Adjourned till 3 o'clock, afternoon. At 3 o'clock post merul. 2'>ost prcc.cs sederunt nt supra. The letter that was appointed to be writ to the people of New Castle, was read and approven. The affair of Andrew Van Dyke, that was referred from the Presbytery of New Castle to the Synod, came under consideration, and a considerable time being spent in discoursing upon it, it was determined ncmine contradirenic, that iiis marriage with his brother's wife or widow was incestuous and unlawful, and their living together as the consequence of that marriage, is incestuous and unlawful ; and that so long as they live together, they be debarred from all sealing ordinances, and that Mr. Wotherspoon make intimation hereof to his congregation in what time and manner he shall think convenient. Appointed that the next Synod meet at Philadelphia, on the third Tuesday of September, 1718. Memorandum, That this day, viz : the twenty-third of this instant, Sep- tember, 1718, according to appointment of Synod, was weighed and delivered into the hands of Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, treasurer for the time being, the just sum of eighteen pounds one shilling and six pence, for which he obliges him- self, his heirs. Executors, and Administrators, to be accountable to the Synod, unavoidable emergencies only excepted, as witness his hand and seal, the day and year above mentioned. Jedidiah Andrews, [l. s.] Test. Joiix Hampton. These are to testify, that there was an error in the summing up the money above mentioned in the memorandum, by exceeding the sum expressed, one pound, five shilling, and eight pence. George McNish. 1718. At a Synod held at Philadelphia, which began, September the 16lh, 1718. Ministers present : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, George McNisli, John Hamp- ton, Juuios Anderson, Daniel McGill, George (Jillespie, Malachi Jones, David Evans, Samuel Pumry, John Braduer, Robert Orr, Hugh Conn, John Thom- son, John Pierson, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan Dickinson, Henry Hook. — 18. Ministers absrnt: Messrs. Samuel Davis, Geo. Philips, Joseph Lamb. — 3 Kldtrs present: Messrs. John Snowden, John (Jardner, William Williams, Archibald Smith, Edmund Cropper, Alexander Bell. — G. Three being nominated by the moderator, namely, Messrs. Malachi Jones, Daniel McGill, and James Anderson, out of whoiu one to be chosen for moderator; Mr. Daniel McGill was chosen; and Mr. Samuel Gelston was chosen clerk. Mr. liobcrt Wotherspoon died about the latter end of May, 1718. TIm! book of the Presbytery of Philadelphia being called for, it was pre- Ecnted. The book of the Presbytery of New Castle being called for by the Synod, it was promised to produce it the next sederunt. The Presbytory book of Long-Island being called for, it was delayed to the next sederunt. The Synod ordered Masters Anderson and Thomson to revise the Pros- 1718.] SYNOD OF PIIILADELPIIIA. " 51 bytery book of Philadelphia, and Masters Andrews and Jones to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. This Synod being further informed of Mr. Gelston's absence last year, do accept his reasons. The affair concerning the fund, referred to the next sederunt. The committee reported the case concerning Mr. Anderson, viz : that they transported him from New Castle to New York, having had power lodged in them by the Synod to determine that affair. Mr. James Anderson reported to the Synod, that Mr. Wotherspoon had in due time observed the order of the Synod concerning Andrew Van Dyke's in- cestuous marriage with his brother's wife. Mr. Andrews preached from 1 Cor. iii. 11, on the third Tuesday of 7br. 1718, at the opening of the Synod. The Synod ordered that a committee of bills and overtures, should be ap- pointed to meet before the next sederunt of the Synod, and that they consider what matters have been orderly proceeded on, and what are suitable to be by them transmitted to the Synod. The Synod also ordering, that in any case of difficulty coming before the committee, they shall take the advice of the Synod. The Synod also appoints the reverend brethren, Masters Andrews, Hampton, Anderson, Gillespie, and the Moderator, to be members of the said committee, and that the committee meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning, and the Synod at 3 o'clock in the afternoon. The Synod concluded with prayer and adjourned till 3 o'clock, post merid. to-morrow. \ltli day at 3 o^clochj sederunt ut supra. The Presbytery's book of New Castle was produced according to promise. The Presbytery's book of Long-Island being called for, it was delayed. The affair concerning the fund, referred till the next sederunt. Mr. William Tennent's affair being transmitted by the committee to the Synod, was by them fully considered, being well satisfied with his credentials, and the testimony of some brethren here present, as also they were satisfied with the material reasons which he offered concerning his dissenting from the established Church in Ireland ; being put to a vote of the Synod, it was carried in the affirmative to admit him as a member of the Synod. Ordered, that his reasons be inserted in the Synod book ad futuratn rei memoriam. The Synod also ordered that the moderator should give him a serious exhortation to con- tinue steadfast in his now holy profession, which was done. The reasons of Mr. William Tenneut for his dissenting from the established Church in Ireland, delivered by him to the Reverend Synod, held at Philadel- phia, the 17th day of September, 1718. Imprimis. Their government by Bishops, Arch-Bishops, Deacons, Arch- Deacons, Canons, Chapters, Chancellors, Vicars, wholly anti-scriptural. 2. Their discipline by Surrogates, and Chancellors in their Courts Ecclesi- astic, without a foundation in the word of God. 3. Their abuse of that supposed discipline by commutation. 4. A Diocesan Bishop cannot be founded jiire divino upon those Epistles to Timothy or Titus, nor anywhere else in the word of God, and so is a mere hu- man invention. 5. The usurped power of the Bishops at their yearly visitations, acting all of themselves, without consent of the brethren. 6. Pluralities of benefices. Lastly. The Churches conniving at the practice of Arminian doctrines in- consistent with the eternal purpose of God, and an encouragement of vice. Be- sides I could not be satisfied with their ceremonial way of worship. These, &c 52 MINUTES OF THE [1718. have so affected my conscience, that I could no longer abide in a cburob where the same are practised. Signed by William Tennent. Mr. Samuel Young, minister of the gospel, presenting his credentials from the Presbytery of Armagh, met at Donaghmore, in the county of Down, in the kingdom of Ireland, to this Synod ; they were cordially approved, and he ad- mitted a member nemine contradiccnte. The Synod adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning, and appointed the committee to meet at eight, and then concluded with prayer. 18oit merid. sederunt ut supra. The business concerning the fund referred till to-morrow morning ; and that a collection be ma-o another letter to Mr. Stirling, principal of the University of (Jla.sgow, and another letter to the Synod of (jlasgow. Masters John (lieuient and William Stewart, probationers, presented their credentials from liritain to the Synod, which were considered and approved. As also a call from Pocomoke, being pre.^ented by them to Mr. John (Jle- meut, and another was presented from Monokin and Wicomico, to Mr. W^il- liam Stewart, both of which were approven by the Synod, and tlieir ordina- tion appointed to be according to the usual methods, and performed by Masters 1718.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 53 Samuel Davis, Hampton, and Thomson, and such of the Presbytery of New Castle as they shall think fit to call to their assistance, when those people and they are agreed about their settlement in the above said places. The Rev. Mr. John Hampton, having petitioned this Synod for a dismission from his pastoral relation to the people of Snowhill, they considering that the said Mr. Hampton was not able to perform the office of a pastor to that people without apparent hazard of his life through bodily indisposition ; the Synod, upon mature deliberation, having put the matter to vote, it was carried nemine contmdicente, to accept of his demission, and to declare his congregation vacant, to the great regret of the Synod. The Synod adjourned till 10 o'clock, to-morrow morning, and concluded with prayer. Idfh day at 10 o' cloch, post preces sederunt ut supra. The letter writ by Masters Young and Dickinson was produced, read, and approved.* A collection was made for the fund by the Synod, according to appointment. Mr. Dickinson delivered one pound twelve shillings from his congregation of Elizabeth-town, for the fund. Overtured, whether a sum out of the fund, not exceeding three pounds, be referred to three persons nominated by the Synod, to be disposed of according to their discretion, suitable to the design of the fund, and that this shall be no precedent for the future. The said overture concerning the fund being voted, was carried in the affirm- ative ; and Masters Jones, Andrews, and McNish, were appointed by the Synod for that particular. Synod adjourned till 4 o'clock, jjos< merid. * A Letter from the Synod to the Rev. John Boyse, minister in Dublin, to be communi- cated to the Presbytery there. Philadelphia, September 11th, 1718. Keverend Brethren : — It may be presumed that you are not -wholly strangers to the circumstances of these parts ; how many poor souls are scattered to and fro in this wil- derness, under awful danger of perishing for lack of vision. And it must needs be a matter of great satisfaction to you, to be informed of the earnest breathings of many small and poor places among us, after the most precious privileges of gospel ordinances, and of the late addresses of sundry of them to us for supply. But, sirs, the paucity and poverty of these people render them utterly incapable to sup- port the ministry among them, could they obtain it ; and there lies, therefore, upon them a deplorable necessity of still continuing in the same circumstances of darkness that they are now in, which may render both themselves and posterity miserable Pagans, unless some methods can be found out for their speedy assistance in the maintaining of such ministers as we would direct them to, which is what we are at present altogether unable to compass. And yet in faithfulness to our great Lord, and the souls of these poor peo- ple, we dare not but use our utmost essays, to strengthen their hands in this day of small things, lest this spark, which is but newly kindled, may be utterly extinguished, which gives occasion for this address unto you for your charitable assistance in so mo- mentous an affair. We have heard of the liberality of many gentlemen and others of our persuasion with you, on such like occasions, and dare not, therefore, doubt of their cheerful compliance with this our request, when you have communicated these circumstances to them. Thus earnestly petitioning your endeavours for the relief of these poor people, and your answer to this address, we conclude with recommending you and your religious concerns, to the guidance and blessing of our common Lord. Signed in the name and by the appointment of the Synod, &c. Be pleased to direct yours to the Rev. Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, minister, at Philadel- phia.— ILelter Book.'\ 54 MINUTES OF THE [1718. The Synod met at four o'clock, and adjourned till ciglit o'clock, to-morrow moruiug. 20th day at 8 o'clock, sederunt, &c. The letter to the ministers of London was read and approved. Referred the supplying the several vacancies, to the several Presbyteries to which they belong. The Synod recommended it to Masters Young and Tenncnt to apply them- selves to what Presbytery within the bounds of the Synod they should think convenient. The Presbytery's book of I'hiladelphia, was revised and approved by the Synod. Adjourned till 5 o'clock, post merid. Met at five o'clock and adjourned to eight o'clock, 22d day. 22c? day at 8 o'clocli, post preces sederunt v.t sujjra. The Synod ordered that the Presbytery of Long-Island do revise their min- utes, and transcribe them into an orderly book against the next Synod. The Synod ordered that the Presbytery of New Castle do revise their min- utes, and transcribe them into an orderly book against the next Synod. The Synod refers the writing of the letters to Principal Sterling and the Synod of Glasgow, to the discretion of 31r. McNish, Hampton, and Ander- son. The Synod being informed, that there is a probability of Mr. McNish his * To the much honoured and very reverend Dissenting Ministers at London. The representation of their unworthy brethren, met at Philadelphia, September the 16th, 1718. 1. They represent, that though it has pleased God to afflict them much, by a removal of several of their number who were useful, yet it has also pleased the same gracious God, daily, rather to increase than decrease their number, by a continual supply of more than has been taken away, which to them is some comfortable evidence, that God has eome pood work to do in these parts of the world. 2. That there are now in number twenty-three ordained ministers and three probation- ers, who all liave agreed to unite tlieir endeavours annually at I'hiladelphia, for spreading and propagating the gospel of Christ in these dark parts of the worbl, viz : in the pro- vinces of New York, tlie Jerseys, Pennsylvania and tiie territories, Maryland and Vir- ginia. In all which, excepting the last, some of the aforesaid ministers do reside. 3. That all these ministers and probationers, aforesaid, are already either settled, or have prospect of settlement. 4. That notwithstanding there are still many vacancies, who either cry to us for help, or their desolate condition and the seeming good disposition of some among them, give us ground to hope, that if they could be provided with able and faithful ministers, the happy effect of it would soon appear. 6. That most of tliese places yet to be planted with a gospel ministry, are incapable nt present of sufficiently supporting ministers among them, and therefore crave lielp of all well-disposed Christians every where, especially, if possibly it can be, of the city of London. (;. That we ourselves have begun a small fund for this and other religions purposes among us, but alas ! it is yet so small that little or nothing can be done by it. 7. That there is nothing we desire more than the honour and comfort of a yenrly cor- reBpoiidence with you, our very reverend and dear bretiiren, whom wo so much esteem in the Lord, if it were but to have your countenance, concurrence, and advice, in the great and common work of our Lord and his kingdonu Lastly, These things we have presumed in great humility to Iny before you, hoping they may have some goofi tllect to the glory of (iod, good of his Church, your satisfac- tion, and our comforts and refreshments, which, that they may prove so, is the earnest prayer of, honourable and reverend sirs, yoora in the Lord. — \_Lcller Jioo/c.] 1719.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. : 55 going to Britain upon some important business, and considering that he may do some service to the common interest of religion in these parts of the world ; that he may the better succeed in his endeavours to serve that design, the Synod thinks fit that he be enabled by the Synod, with proper recommenda- tions from them. The Synod, therefore, for his encouraging in so good a design and undertaking, do appoint for a committee of the Synod, Masters Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Dickinson, and Pierson, with as many others as can attend to meet at Woodbridge, at such a time as the above said Mr. McNish shall appoint, he giving the said members a month's notice, giving them full power to concert all such proper methods and ways, to enable Mr. McNish to undertake and act for us and in our name, and to the general good of religion as they shall judge fitting. It is also appointed that the said committee do furnish the said Mr. McNish with proper credentials and all such instructions as they shall think fit for answering the end abovesaid. The Synod appoints the management of the funds as directed by a preceding minute to Masters Jones, Hampton, and McNish, and to make report to the next Synod. The Synod adjourned till the third Wednesday of September, at 10 o'clock, ante merid. 1719. 1719. At a Synod held at Philadelphia, which met Septemher the 16^/i, 1719, being the third "Wednesday of the month. The Synod was opened by a sermon preached by Mr. Daniel McGill, on Heb. ii. 1. Post preces the roll was called. Ministers present: Messrs. Daniel McGill, Jedidiah Andrews, George Gil- lespie, David Evans, John Bradner, Robert Orr, Hugh Conn, John Thom- son, Robert Cross. Elders : Messrs. Thomas Wallice, Thomas Gordon, Andrew Wallice, James Stoddert, John Snowden, Dr. John Nicols. Ministers absent : Messrs. George McNish, John Hampton, Malachi Jones, Samuel Pumry, John Pierson, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan Dickinson, Henry Hook, Samuel Young, William Tennent, John Clement, William Stewart, Samuel Davis, George Philips, Joseph Lamb, James Anderson. Mr. Andrews was chosen clerk. Two being nominated by the moderator, namely. Masters John Thomson, and George Gillespie, out of whom one to be chosen moderator, Mr. Thomson was chosen. The minutes of the last Synod ordered to be read over. The appointment of the Synod with respect to the ordination of Masters John Clement, and William Stewart, was complied with, they being solemnly set apart to the work of the ministry, by the Rev. Masters Samuel Davis, John Hampton, and John Thomson, at Rehoboth, in Somerset county, in Maryland, upon day of June, 1719. Ordered, That an inquiry be made about the letters sent to Britain and Ireland the last year, when the Synod shall be more full. The whole affair concerning the Presbyteries' books referred till after- wards. The affair concerning the fund deferred till afterwards. The business with respect to Mr. McNish his going to Britain, mentioned in the last year's minutes, was dropt. The moderator. Masters Andrews, McGill, and Gillespie, appointed for a committee for bills and overtures. 56 MINUTES OF THE [1719. The committee to meet to-morrow, ante meridiem, at eight o'clock. Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow, ante meridiem. 17 day at ten o\Iocl<:, post prcces, sederunt, Ar. Masters McNish, Anderson, and Gelston, gave satisfactory reasons to the Synod fur their not attending before this session. Mr. Hampton signified his inability to attend, by letter. Mr. Jones is dangerously sick. Mr. Pierson sick, as likewise Masters Young, Clement, and Hook. Mr. Dickinson necessarily detained by his brother's sickness. Mr. McNish and Mr. Anderson did write to the Synod of Glasgow, and to the Principal of the college there, as appointed. The Presbytery books ordered to be brought in next sederunt. The Synod ordered that a committee should be chosen to inquire and in- spect into the aflfair of the fund, and receive what money shall be brought in now, and consider of some proper methods of disposing of it to the best advan- tage for answering its end. The Synod ordered that the moderator. Masters McNish, Anderson, Stod- dert, Conn, Bradner, and Andrews, be the members of the said committee. "Whereas there was a petition from the Presbyterian congregation of New York presented to the Synod, it was ordered that that petition should be deli- berated upon by the above committee, and their sentiments transmitted to the Synod. Ordered, That the above committee relating to the fund, do meet at five o'clock in the afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock, ^os< meridiem. At three o'clock post meridiem, post j^rcces, sederunt ut supra. The book of the Presbytery of Philadelphia was not produced by reason of Mr. Dickinson's absence. Masters Orr and Cross appointed to revise the Presbytery's book of Long Island. Masters McNish and Anderson appointed to revise the Presbytery's book of New Castle. The papers of the Presbytery of New Castle relating to the appeal of Abra- ham Emmitt, and his two sons, voted to be read. The Synod having heard all the papers with respect to Mr. Kmmitt's ap- peal, deferred the full consideration thereof till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till seven o'clock precisely, to-morrow morning. 18 day, post prcces, sederunt ut supra, at seven o\-hck. It was overtured to the Synod by the committee appointed to consider of the fund, that a tenth part of tlie neat produce of the Gla.sgow collection be given to the i'resbyterian congrc-giition of New York towards the support of the gospel among them, and that a It-fter be sent to them from the Synod re- lating to their eireumstanees ; which overture was approved by the Synod, and the moderator and Mr. Cross were iippointed to write said letter, which letter is to be brought into the Synod for approbation. The business of Mr. Kmiiiitt, and of his sons' appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery of New (Jastle came again before us, and it was judged, nrminr. contrail iiunir, that the appeal was groundless. And the Synod does hereby approve of the whole jjroccedings of the Presbytery of New Castle in ref.rcnce to that whole aHair. And further, if in any tiling the said I'res- bytery have failed as to their judgment in this aifair, it is in too much lenity towards the appellants. 1719.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 57 2. That our Rev. Brother, Mr. Gillespie, is falsely and groundlessly charged by the appellants, when they allege of him an insufficiency as to ministerial abilities, and the grounds which the said appellants found their charge upon are altogether inconclusive and false. And further, it is Ordered, that the said appellants be discharged from the participation of the sealing ordinances of Christ, until they give satisfaction to the minister and session of their now present congregation for their offensive carriage. Adjourned till three o'clock, post meridiem. Post Meridiem, sederunt ut supra. It being overtured by the committee concerning the fund, that such a num- ber of persons as the Synod thinks fit to be nominated, shall be empowered to receive the collection of the Synod of Glasgow and Air, if it ai-rives safe in goods, and put them into the hands of some substantial persons, to be sold to the best advantage for money, and to account with said persons for the sale thereof, and receive the neat produce for the use of the fund ; and likewise, after receipt thereof, to let the same to use upon good security, after paying to New York congregation what is allowed to them. This overture was approved of by the Synod. And the Synod appoints that if the said goods arrive at New York, that Masters McNish, Anderson, and Tennent, or any two of them; or in case the said goods arrive at Philadelphia, that then Masters Andrews, Jones, and Cross, or any two of them, have power to dispose of said goods as abovesaid. And that the two parties abovesaid, or a majority of them, concert together about the letting out the money received for said goods to interest, for which they shall be accountable to the Synod. Being further overtured by the committee that a letter be writ, (a copy of which to be given to every minister belonging to this Synod,) recommending a yearly collection to be gathered in every particular congregation for pious uses, to be sent yearly to the Synod by their minister or elder, it was approved. And Mr. Andrews is appointed to write the said letter, and to bring it into the Synod for approbation. Mr. McNish added to the committee for bills and overtures. The committee for bills and overtures appointed to meet to-morrow at eight o'clock, arite meridiem. Mr. Pumry's letter of excuse for his absence was read, and his excuse sus- tained. Masters McNish, Anderson, and Gillespie, appointed to preach here next Sabbath day. Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. 19 day. Postpreces sederunt ut supra. There was a letter sent to the Synod from the people of Patuxent, which the committee does overture may be considered by the Presbytery of New Castle and correspondents, and it was approved. Overtured that Mr. McGill and Mr. Orr have synodical testimonials, they having at present no particular pastoral charges, and being uncertain how and where Providence may dispose of them ; it was granted them, and Mr. Andrews is appointed to write said testimonials, and to bring them in for the approbation of the Synod. The Synod appoints the committee for bills and overtures to write a letter to the people of Snow-hill, in answer to theirs to the Synod. The Synod having received a letter from the people of Patomoke, in Vir- ginia, requesting the Synod's care and diligence to provide them an able gospel minister to settle among them; it was appointed that the Rev. Mr. Daniel Mc- 58 MINUTES OF THE [1719. Gill ehould go and preach to that people in order to settlement upon mutual agreement, and that a letter be writ to said people by Masters Conn and Cross, and by them be brought into the Synod for approbation. The committee for the fund appointed to meet at eight o'clock, ante vici-i- diem, on Monday next. Adjourned till ten o'clock, ante meridiem, on Monday next. 21 doT/. Aceording to appointment, post preces, sederunt ut supra. The letter to be sent to the several congregations was brought in by Mr. Andrews, and approved.* Ordered, That an authentic copy of said letter be given to every Presbytery of the Synod, signed by the moderator and clerk. Overtured by the committee for the fund that the widow of the Rev. Mr. John Wilson is considered as a person worthy of the regard of this Synod, as to her present circumstances, and it is proposed that four pounds be now given her out of the present fund, and that a discretionary power be lodged with I\Ir. Andrews, if he sees necessity requires, to give her some further supply out of the said fund, between this and the next Synod, not exceeding three pounds, and it was approved. It is appointed by the Synod, that the money that is now in bank, be en- trusted to the trustees of the Glasgow collection afore mentioned, that they or three of them shall have power to let out to interest said money, and that those that let out said money shall be accountable to the next Synod. The committee for bills and overtures, appointed to meet half an hour after 3 o'clock, in the evening. Adjourned till 4 o'clock, post merid. Post merid. according to appointment, post preces sederunt ut supra. There was brought into the fund during the sitting of this Synod, from several * The letter of the Synod now sitting at Philadelphia, to the several congregations within the bouuda of the Synod. September 22, 1719. Christian Friends : — Whereas Divine Providence, which is the Di8po9er of the lot of all men, has planted us in these parts i)f the world, and in such a station wherein we are obliged, in aa eminent manner, to study the everhistiiij^ welfare of the souls of men. And wherou!*, to our great grief and exercise, we see many smaller places of lesser ability to maintain and support the interest of Christ among them, by the ordinary means of salvation, and yet desirous thereof, languishing in darkness and blindness, and in great danger of utter ruin for lack of vi.'phraim Scaly. Mr. Jonathan Dickinson was chosen moderator, and Mr. David Evans was chosen clerk. The Synod to their great sorrow found that our reverend brethren, Mr. Samuel Young and Mr. John Hampton were dead. ♦ Mr. Archibald Edmundson. Philadelphia, October the Cttk, 1720. Sir : — Mr, McGill having reported to me and some others tliat were left as a com- mittee of the Synod, tliat there was .«ome difrorcnce between hi.s apprehensions and those of the people of Marlborough congregation, re!'j)ectitig about half a year's time that was Spent between the time of his having accepted the call iu Kngland and his entering into actual service among you ; and desiring our ojiinion, whether it were not right for him to expect pay for that time, because he had then laid by all business that could be advan- tageous to him, besides was rather more exjieuBivo to him than the same space of time was when actually settled in business ; we could not but give it as our ojvininn, that he might justly ex])Oct to be paid for that time, and the other members left it with me to acquaint you with our sentiments of the matter. I am, sir, your humble servant. A. —[Letter Book.] SMany of the letters referred to in the Minutes are not to be found in the Letter Book, the foregoing is the lust memorandum recorded.] 1721.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. : 65 Mr. Jones, moderator of the last Synod, preached a Synodieal sermon from 1 Cor. iv. 2. Appointed that the committee for bills and overtures be Masters Jedidiah Andrews, George McNish, and Daniel McGrill. The minutes of the last Synod ordered to be read. New complaints being made by some of the members concerning James Morehead, who was disowned by the Synod last year, which affair is deferred till afterwards. Mr. Samuel Pumry gave satisfactory reasons to the Synod for his absence last year. Ordered, That the members of the Synod be inquired of to-morrow morn- ing, what collection they have made towards the fund. Ordered, That Mr. Hugh Conn shall preach here next Friday, at eleven o'clock. Ordered, That the committee for bills and overtures do meet to-morrow morning, at seven o'clock. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at 9 o'clock. 21si day. Post preces sedentnt qui sujpra, at nine o^ clock. The affair of the committee with relation to Mr. Clement, deferred. Mr. Gillespie reported that the Emmitts gave satisfaction to him and his ses- sion, according to the order of the Synod last year. The Presbytery of Philadelphia reported that they had paid Mr. Clement five pounds of the ten pounds that was left to them last year to be disposed of at their discretion, for the encouragement of the gospel at Gloucester and Pilesgrove. The committee appointed to meet upon the account of Mr. Cross, met according to appointment, and the representatives of the congregation of New Castle, reporting that the generality of said congregation were for continuing Mr. Cross as their pastor ; the said committee restored him unto the exercise of his pastoral office there. Mr. McGill performed the order of the Synod last year to their satisfac- tion. Ordered, That the commissioners of the Synod, do bring in an account to- morrow morning of what they have done in the Synod's name, since last meeting. Appointed that the committee for bills and overtures be also a committee for the fund ; and Messrs. Jones, Ande'-son, Thomson, and the moderator, be added to them. Appointed that Mr. Pierson and Mr. Webb, do revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. Appointed that Mr. Conn and Mr. Cross, do revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia. Appointed that Mr. Orme and Mr. Gillespie, do revise the Presbytery book of Long-Island. The business with respect to the regulation of Presbyteries deferred from last to this Synod, further delayed. The affair relating to James Morehead, further delayed. It being inquired what collections for the fund were made, it waa found that Masters Andrews, McNish, the Moderator, Webb, Orme, Conn, Thom- son, and Gelston, have brought collections from their respective congregations, which they are ordered to deliver to the committee for the fund, and the remaining ministers having given their reasons why they obtained no collec- tions, they were sustained. 9 m MINUTES OF THE [1721. Ordereci, That the ministers of this Synod shall continue their diligence to obtain collections fur the fund as afore appointed. The committee for bills and overtures, appointed to meet at half an hour after two ci'clock, p'>.'74< rnrridiern. 1 r«2. At a Synod held at Philadelphia, S'pfnul,er 20th, 1722. (The paucity of the members present was the reason why they did not con- stitute yesterday, according to appointment.) 1722.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 60 Postpreces sederunt Ministers : Messrs. John Orme, John Thomson, Samuel Gelston, Samuel Pumry, Hugh Conn, Henry Hook, llobert Cross, William Stewart,: John Bradner, Moses Dickinson, Daniel McGill, Jedidiah Andrews, George Gilles- pie, George McNish, Malachi Jones, David Evans, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan Dickinson, James Anderson. Messrs. Joseph Webb, William Tennent, Samuel Davis, John Pierson, John Clement, George Philips, Joseph Lamb, ministers, were absent. Elders present were : Messrs. John Budd, John Gardner, Joseph Charles- worth, James Parry, Joseph Woodroof, Edward Holmes, David Miller, Richard Wallis, and Enoch Armitage. Mr. John Thomson was chosen moderator, and Mr. David Evans was chosen clerk. The minutes of the last Synod ordered to be read. Mr. John Bradner gave his reasons for his absence last year, which were sustained. Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, the moderator of the last Synod, preached a synodical sermon, from 2 Tim. iii. 17. Masters Jedidiah Andrews, Jonathan Dickinson, George McNish, Robert Cross, with the moderator, are appointed for a committee for bills and over- tures ; and it is recommended to all the rest of the members of the Synod to attend upon said committee as they can and see cause. And it 's agreed by the Synod, that if any matter of difl&culty happen to be referred from any of our respective Presbyteries to the Synod, they may as they think meet, either bring it immediately to the Synod or to the aforesaid committee. Mr. Alexander Hutchinson, probationer, producing sufficient credentials from the Presbytery of Glasgow was approved. Appointed, That Mr. Samuel Pumry preach here to-morrow, at eleven o'clock in the morning. And Mr. McNish, and Mr. Alexander Hutchinson, to preach here next Sabbath day ; and Mr. Robert Cross on the next Sabbath night ; and Mr. James Anderson on the next Monday night. Appointed, That the committee for bills and overtures be also a committee for the fund, and that Mr. Hugh Conn, and Mr. James Anderson, be added to them. Appointed, That the committee for overtures do meet to-morrow, at eight o'clock, ante meridiem. A letter from Mr. Joseph Webb, containing the reasons of his absence from the Synod, was produced by Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, and the reasons were sustained. One Mr. Robert Laing, a minister of the gospel from Great Britaia, being arrived in Maryland, and as he was coming to this Synod was taken sick by the way, whose credentials from Great Britain were produced at this Synod and approved, and he recommended to the Presbytery of New Castle for fur- ther direction. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. At three o'clock, post preces sederunt qui supra. Appointed, That Mr. Joseph Morgan, and Mr. Samuel Pumry, do revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. Appointed, That Mr. Malachi Jones, and Mr. Hugh Conn, do revise the Presbytery book of Long Island. Appointed, That Mr. George Gillespie, and Mr. Samuel Gelston, do revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia. It being inquired what collections for the fund were made, it was found \ Id MlTs'CTES OF THE [1722 that Mr. George McXish, Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, and Mr. William Stewart, have brought collections from their respective congregations, which they arc ordered to deliver to the committee for the fund, and the rest of the ministers having given their reasons why they brought no collections, their reasons were sustained. The affair concerning the regulation of Presbyteries coming under consider- ation, it waa ordered, that Mr, William Stewart do join to the Presbytery of New Castle. Mr. John Thomson preached at Whiteclay Creek, &c. according to appoint- ment. Mr. Andrews writ the letter, and also an extract of the last Synod's minute relating to Mr. Clement, to him, which were delivered to him by Mr. Thom- son, and the said Mr. Clement not appearing at this Sj'nod, his suspen.«ion ia continued till he gives satisfaction to the S^nod. And it is by the Synod re- commended to all our Presbyteries, that if they, or any of them, before the next Synod, -do hear that the said Mr. Clement does any where officiate as a minister, they shall write to the people he officiates among, to inform them of the said Mr. Clement's lying under the censure of the Synod. The Presb^-tery of Long Island report that they fulfilled the appointment of the Synod with respect to the conference with the trustees of New Haven col- lege, the particular account of which conference is delayed till to-morrow. Ordered, That every minister of this Synod give a shilling to the door- keeper. Mr. McNish hath fulfilled the appointment of the last year's Synod in an- swering the protest of Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, Mr. Malachi Jones, &c. ; a further inquiry into which affair is delayed. Ordered, That the commission of the Synod do bring in an account of all their proceedings since the last Synod, to-morrow. Adjourned till three o'clock, iiost meridiem, to-morrow. 21 day. At 3 fj clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair relating to the conference with the trustees of New Haven Col- lege deferred till to-morrow. The affair relating to Mr. Dickinson, Mr. Jones, Mr. Morgan, &c. their protest deferred till afterwards. The affair relating to the account from the commission of the Synod deferred till afterwards. The affair relating to Mr. John Walton, transmitted from the committee, now comes under consideration, a representation whereof is contained in his supplication, which we have in rclmti^. Ordered, That the said supplication of Mr. Walton be read ; Masters Jona- than Dickinson, Mo.se9 Dickinson, Malachi Jones, Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, and John Budd, with Mr. ^Valton, being first removed, while the whole management of this affair shall last. The Synod having, with much seriousness and deliberation, considered the whole affair, and all the particular branches of it, came to the following con- clusion : That however they judge the Presbytery of Maidenhead's proceeding to suspend Mr. Walton, being absent, unheard, the evidences not being con- fronted, especially their proceeding to publish the said suspension, with the reason thereof, at (Iroswicks, before the jnatter was judicially cleared, was not regular; yet the charge with which .Mr. Walton is charged being after- wards Hufficiently proved, was just ground of suspension if the Pre.shytery had been more d.-lihenife, and the matter of charge against him formally made appear before the iuilieting the censure, as it was afterwards. And further. 1722.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. ■ 71 the Synod judgeth that Mr. Walton's behaviour towards, and treatment of the said Presbytery in many of his expressions, particularly those contained in his address to the Synod, wherein he designs them in general and particular, with diminutive and deriding titles, and speaks of them and their proceeding with an air of disdain, was very abusive and insolent, and every way unsuitable and unbecoming for any private Christian, and much more a candidate for the min- istry to use towards ministers of the gospel, whose universal character hitherto hath been without blemish. Adjourned till eight o'clock precisely to-morrow, A. M. 22d day at 8 o'clock, according to appointment, post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair relating to the conference with the trustees of New Haven Col- lege; also the affair relating to Mr. Dickinson, Mr. Jones, &c. their protest; also the affair relating to the commission of the Synod, deferred till after- wards. A further consideration of Mr. Walton's business delayed till next Mon- day. A reference by the Presbytery of New Castle, held at Cohanzy pro re nata, being made to this Synod, comes now under our consideration ; and after a long and patient hearing of both parties, and considerable deliberation being bad upon the same, it was universally agreed, that a committee be chosen to consider further upon the particulars of that affair, and to bring in overtures upon every particular of it against next Monday morning. The members of the said committee to be Masters George MeNish, Jonathan Dickinson, Moses Dickinson, Jedidiah Andrews, John Budd, Samuel Gelston, Samuel Pumry, James Anderson, together with all the members of the Presbytery at Cohanzy, pro re nata, together with Mr. McGill ; which committee is to meet at four o'clock, this afternoon. Adjourned till eight o'clock, on Monday morning. At 8 d clock on Monday , post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair relating to the conference with the trustees of New Haven Col- lege ; also the affair relating to Mr. Dickinson, &c. and the protest ; and also the affair relating to the commission of the Synod, deferred till afterwards. The committee on the affair of Mr. Hook, not having finished what was com- mitted to them, the said business is deferred till afterwards. The business of Mr. Walton reassumed. Mr. Walton being called in, and largely discoursed with again respecting his case, he not being satisfactory in his expressions, the Synod appointed two of their number, siUcet the moderator and Mr. McNish, to confer with him pri- vately, and make report to the Synod. The brethren appointed to confer with Mr. Walton, report, that his carriage with them was much as before the Synod. Whereupon the Synod concluded to allow him till four o'clock this afternoon to consider further of his affair, and that then he deliver his mind to the Synod in writing as fully as he thinks fit. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. At 3 o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. The affairs deferred the last sederunt, further deferred. The affair of Mr. Walton reassumed. The said Mr. Walton gave in an additional acknowledgment of his misde- meanours in writing, which being read, the question was put^ whether it was satisfactory pi-o tanto, and it was resolved in the affirmative. 72 MINUTES OF THE [1722. The Synod after long and free debate upon the whole of Mr. Walton's affiair, do order and appoint as followeth ; that the said Mr. Walton is sus- pended from preaching in any place for three Sabbaths next ensuing, and that his acknowledL'inent and confession given in this day to the Synod, so far only as it concerns his miscarriages committed at Newark, shall in his own words be read publicly in open congregation on the last of the three Sabbaths ; where it is ordered that Mr. Walton shall be present and own the said ac- knowledgment and confession given in to us before the congregation then and there assembled ; which done, the minister appointed to preach that day, shall authoritatively take off the suspension. Mr. Pumry is appointed to preach at Newark the said Sabbath. Mr. George Gillespie, Mr. David Evans, Mr. John Orme, and Mr. John Gardner, dissented against the limited suspension of Mr. John Walton. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. At eight o'clock, A. M. according to appointment, post preces sederunt qui sujora. The affairs deferred the last sederunt, further deferred. Adjourned till three o'clock, ])ost merid. that the committee might have time to complete the overtures upon the aff'air of Cohanzy. At 3 o'clock, P. M. according to appointment, post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of Mr. Hook reassumed. The committee appointed to bring in overtures upon the several articles alleged against Mr. Hook, brought in their overtures, which are as follows. 1. Overtured, That inasmuch as the first crimination against Mr. Hook is of several years date ; and by the confession of the parties offended, long since satisfied for, and as appears to us from an ill motive, that it be therefore re- jected, which overture was approved of by the Synod. 2. Overtured, That the Synod disapprove of Mr. Fithian's publicly charging Mr. Hook with a lie relating to a bargain of a horse, not only without evi- dence, but when the evidences he produced witnessed against him ; which over- ture was approved of by the Synod. 3. Overtured, That Mr. Hook is chargeable with falsehood, and a very un- natural and uncharitable construction of Mr. Sealy's letter, in representing him as saying, that Mr. Hook's fingers and toes were cut off" in Ireland for stealing. Which overture, by a majority of votes, was approved by the Synod. 4. Overtured, That Mr. Hook cannot be charged with a lie respecting the shooting match, inasmuch as he miglit truly say, he did not inform the justi- ces, but only admoui.shed them of their duty. Approved by a majority of votes of the Synod. 5. Overtured, That Mr. Hook was chargeable with folly and levity unbe- coming a gospel minister in the sham marriages alleged. Approved by the Synod. 6. Overtured, That Mr. Hook might have been asleep, notwithstanding of what appears by Joseph IJrooks and Benjamin Davis their evidences; there- fore, after long and mature deliberation upon it, we left it doubtful. Which was approved by the Synod. 7. Ah to the charge of obscene actions expressed in Ephraim Sealy's depo- sition, Mr. Hook hath confessed the whole with much seeming sorrow, and grief before the Synod. Upon the whole, 3Ir. Hook being calleil in and by the moderator desired to declare his thouglits concerning the other articles of which he was concluded guilty by the Synod, he made an acknowledgment as to every particular, and professed a sincere sorrow and repentance fur the 1722.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. ' 73 same. Whicli together with the acknowledgment by him before made, with relation to the article contained in Ephraim Sealy's evidence, was accepted by the Synod as a satisfactory evidence of his sincere repentance. Upon which the Synod spent a considerable time in debating and deliberating upon the kind and degree of censure to be inflicted upon Mr. Hook for the abovesaid offences. At last the question was proposed, suspend or not. The resolution of which is deferred till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow, ante merid. At nine o'clock, A. M. according to appointment, post preces sederunt qui supra. The affairs deferred the last sederunt deferred further. The above mentioned question relating to the suspension or non-suspension of Mr. Hook, being proposed, it was, by a great majority of votes carried in the affirmative. It being again questioned, whether his suspension should be limited or indefinite, it was by a majority of votes carried indefinite. Upon the whole, the Synod have appointed, that Mr. Daniel McGill, Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, Mr. James Morgan, and Mr. Robert Cross, do meet at Fairfield meeting-house upon the third Thursday of October next ensuing, and then and there they or any one of them, have power to take off the sus- pension, if no sufficient reason to the contrary appears. And further, it is ordered that one of the said ministers do preach at the said meeting-house, and also, that the said ministers do publicly read a full extract of the Synod's minutes relating to Mr. Hook, and that Mr. Hook make his public acknow- ledgment viva voce or in writing, as he thinks fit, in order to his being absolved as aforesaid. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. At three o'clock, P. M. according to appoinment, post preces sederunt qui supra. The Presbytery of Long-Island gave in their report to the Synod, that a committee of their Presbytery met a number of the trustees of New-Haven college, according to the appointment of the Synod, and have given a large account in writing, of their proceedings with said trustees, whereby the Synod is convinced that they, though without the desired success, have done what they could relating to the union with Connecticut ministers, and removing those differences between them and our Presbytery of Long-Island, by the irregular division of the congregation at New York, and the trustees sending missionaries to preach there. Upon the whole, the Synod approves of the con- duct of the Presbytery of Long-Island in the whole affair as it was managed by them, both since last Synod and formerly. Mr. Hook desiring to be joined to New Castle Presbytery, it was granted. Ordered, That Mr. John Pierson do supply Mr. Pumry's congregation that Sabbath in which Mr. Pumry is to be at Newark about Mr. Walton's business; and that on the same day Mr. Webb supply Mr. Pierson's people. The affair of Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, &c. his protest reassumed. Adjourned till eight o'clock, to-morrow, ante merid. At eight o'clock, A. M. according to appointment, post p>reces sederunt qui supra. The brethren who entered their protestation against the act for allowing any brother or member of this Synod, to bring in any overture to be formed into an act by the Synod, for the better carrying on in the matters of our govern- ment and discipline, &c. The said brethren protestants brought in a paper of four articles, testifying in writing their sentiments and judgment concerning 10 T* MINUTES OF THE [1722. churt'b government, which was approved by the Synod, and ordered by the Synod to be recorded in the Synod book. ]jikcwi.se the said brethren being willing to take back their protestation against said act, together with their rea- sons given in defense of said protest ; the Synod doth hereby order that the protest, together with the reasons of it. as also the answers at the appointment of the Synod given in to the reasons alleged by Mr. Daniel McGill and Mr. George McNish, be all withdrawn ; and that the said act remain and be in all respects as if no such protest had been made. The articles are as fol- loweth. 1. We freely grant, that there is full executive power of church govern- ment in Presbyteries and Synods, and that they may authoritatively, in the name of Christ, use the keys of church discipline to all proper intents and purposes, and that the keys of the church are committed to the church officers and them only. 2. We also grant, that the mere circumstantials of church discipline, such as the time, place, and mode, of carrying on in the government of the Church, belong to ecclesiastical judicatories to determine as occasions occur, conform- able to the general rules in the word of (jlod, that require all thiug.s to be done decently and in order. And if these things are called arts, we will take no offence at the word, provided that these acts be not imposed upon such as conscientiously dissent from them. 3. We also grant, that Synods may compose directories, and recommend them to all their members, respecting all the parts of discipline, provided that all subordinate judicatories may decline from such directories when they con- scientiously think they have just reason so to do. 4. We freely allow that appeals may be made from all inferior to superior judicatories, and that superior judicatories have authority to consider and de- termine such appeals. Malachi Jones, Joseph Morgan, Jonathan Dickinson, David Evans. The Synod was so universally pleased with the abovesaid composure of their difference, that they unanimously joined together in a thanksgiving prayer, and joyful singing the one hundred and thirty-third p.?-o tempore, and Mr. Cross clerk.) Ministers present : Messrs. Daniel McGill, Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews, James Anderson, George Gillespie, Hugh Conn, David Evans, William Stew- art, Henry Hook, Robert Cross, Thomas Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, Jona- than Dickinson, John Pierson, Robert Laing. Elders : Messrs. John Budd, John Gardner, James Abraham, Robert Wil- son,. David Evans, Esq'r., Peter Bushel. Ministers absent : Messrs. Thomson, Orme, Moses Dickinson, Webb, Pumry, Gelston, Tennent, Morgan, Davis, Bradner, Philips, Lamb. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. 19 day. At eight o'clock, according to appointment, post preces sederunt, qui supra. Mr. Bradner, Mr. Orme, and Mr. Webb, giving reasons of their absence by letter, their reasons were sustained. Messrs. James Anderson, Hugh Conn, George Gillespie, and Robert Cross, being put upon the Leet in order to the choice of a moderator, Mr. James An- derson was chosen, and Mr. Cross was chosen clerk. Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read. Mr. Thomson, the moderator of the last Synod, being absent by reason of sickness, Mr. Andrews opened the Synod by preaching a synodical sermon from Prov. xi. 30. Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Jonathan Dickinson, Daniel McGill, Hugh Conn, Ptobert Cross, with the moderator, are appointed for a committee for bills and overtures ; and it is recommended to all the rest of the members of the Synod to attend upon the said committee as they can and see cause. Mr. Malachi Jones, and Mr. David Evans, dissent from appointing any com- mittee for bills and overtures. Mr. Jonathan Dickinson appointed to preach to-morrow night, Mr. Stewart next Sabbath in the forenoon, Mr. Hutchinson in the afternoon, and Mr. Cross at night. Agreed that the committee for bills and overtures be also a committee for the fund. Mr. Jones and Mr. Pierson appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle ; and Mr. Gillespie and Mr. Stewart that of Long Island. The Presby- tery book of Philadelphia was forgot to be brought hither. It being inquired what collections were made for the fund, it was found that Messrs. Jones and Anderson have done somewhat in that affair, as likewise the congregation at Newark, per Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, which they are ordered to deliver to the committee of the fund. And the rest of the ministers having given their reasons why they brought no collections, the same were sustained ; and it is recommended to all the members of the Synod to use their diligence to bring collections to the next Synod. Ordered, That the commission of the Synod do bring in an account of all their proceedings to-morrow morning. The Synod having inquired what was done in the affair relating to Mr. Wal- ton, found that Mr. Pumry did not go to Newark as appointed, by reason of sickness, as likewise that Mr. Walton, (without any authority,) read his ac- knowledgment and absolved himself. Upon which the Synod, having con- sidered the whole affair, put it to vote whether the suspension was taken off", 76 MINUTES OF THE [1723. and it was carried in the negative. And the Synod docs further appoint the Presbytery of Long Island, together with Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, Mr. Morgan, and Mr. I'ierson, to be a committee to transact in the whole affair relating to Mr. Walton, and to remove or continue the suspension as they shall see cause. Adjourned to three o'clock, post meridiem. Hora tcriia post meridiem, 2>ost preccs sederunt, qui supra. The Synod approves of the conduct of the committee in absolving Mr. Hook. Messrs. Hugh Conn, John Orrae, and William Stewart, fulfilled their ap- pointments with respect to Virginia. The Presbytery of New Castle having referred a case to the Synod with re- spect to Mr. llobert Laing, upon whom they passed the censures of rebuke, sus- pension, and deposition, for violating the Lord's day, by washing himself in a creek, and for his indiscreet carriage to the Presbytery at the time of his re- buke, the Synod, after mature deliberation upon that jiffair, with the concurring circumstances, particularly Mr. Laing's indisposition at that time, and expecta- tion of service from that action, do judge those censures of suspension aud de- position were too severe, and do therefore repeal them ; although we can't but judge Mr. Laing guilty of several very unbecoming imprudcncies, worthy of re- buke, relating to that affair. Mr. Robert Cross aud Mr. Thomas Evans, mem- bers of that Presbytery, did not agree to the sentence of deposition when it was passed. A letter from the people of Virginia being read, the consideration of it was deferred till to-morrow morning. The committee appointed to meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning. Adjourned till nine o'clock, ante meridiem, to-morrow. 20 day. Hora nona antemeridiem, sederunt qui svpra. The affair of Virginia reassumed. The Synod having seriously considered said affair, do appoint Mr. Hugh Conn, Mr. John Orme, and Mr. William Stewart, each of them to preach four Lord's days before next Synod to that people, and it is recommended to Mr. Jonathan Dickinson to preach to said people before next Synod, some Sabbath days, and in case he goes thither, that then Mr. Pierson, ]\Ir. Webb, and Mr. Moses Dickinson, do supply his congregation with preaching. And it is further Ordered, That Mr. Jones and Mr. Andrews write a letter to the people of Virginia. And it is further Ordered, That Mr. Hutchinson supply Mr. Stewart's con- gregation two Sabbaths during his absence in Virginia. And it is Ordered, That a letter of address be writ to the Governor of Vir- ginia, by Messrs. Dickinson and Cross, and tliat the said letter to the people of Virginia, and also this, be brought into the Synod for approbation. A letter from the ministers of Connecticut to this Synod, desiring a con- ference with some of the ministers of this Synod, in order to the healing of those divisions in the Presbyterian congregation in New York, being read and maturely considered, it was ordered, that a letter be writ to the ministers of Connecticut in answer to theirs, to thank them for their concern about the interest of religion in New York, and their j)ropo.sing a conference with some of us in order to heal the division in the Presbyterian congregation there, and to signify our hearty concurrence with their proposal. And withal to signify our apprelien.sions tliat the place proposed for a conference, is not so likely to answer the good intentions expressed in their letter as New York would be, and therefore to desire them to send some of their number to meet with some 1723.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. t i of ours there, on the twenty-third of October next. Messrs. Andrews, Dickin- son, Morgan, Philips, Cross, and McGill, appointed to meet the said minis- ters at New York, at the time before mentioned, and are empowered to act in the name and with the full power of the Synod, in the affair proposed. But if the said Connecticut ministers decline coming to New York at the time mentioned, the aforementioned members of the Synod are empowered to meet them at any other time and place for the said purpose, as they shall think reasonable. And if the good ends proposed, relating to New York, be at the conference happily accomplished, the Synod recommends it to those of their members afore appointed for said conference, to treat with said minis- ters of Connecticut about an union with us, and empower them to concert and conclude upon any methods that may conduce to that end. Mr. McGrill and Mr. Conn appointed to write the abovesaid letter. Adjoui-ned till three o'clock, post merid. Concluded with prayer. Hora tertia, post merid. sederunt qui supra. The Synod according to an overture of the committee, resolved themselves into an interloquitur, to consider a case of conscience proposed by George Williamson, with respect to his call to the ministry, and after having heard the same, desired a further consideration of it till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. 21si day. Hora octavo,, ante merid. sederxint qui supra. The affair of said George "Williamson reassumed. The ministers of the Synod having seriously and deliberately considered the above case, do, nemine contradicente, agree in judgment, that the said person has not any regular call that way; for though we are satisfied as to his piety and godly life, yet we think he wants necessary qualifications required in the word of God for a gospel minister, and therefore advise him to continue in the vocation wherein he is called, and endeavour to be useful as a private Christian. The letter to the people of Virginia was read and approved. The Presbytery book of Long-Island revised and approved. The Presbytery book of New Castle revised and approved. The commission of the Synod having rendered an account of their acting in the name of the Synod, it was approved. Adjourned till four o'clock, post merid. Hora tertia, post merid. sederunt qui supra. A letter to the Governor of Virginia was read and approved. Upon a supplication from the congregation of Tree-Dyffrin, for some thing from the fund, it was overtured by the committee, that five pounds be given to said people, which overture was approved by the Synod. From a like supplication from the people of Octararo and Hanover, it was overtured that three pounds be given to each of them ; this overture was agreed to J as likewise to give three pounds to Mrs. Wilson, and one pound to Mr. Andrews for recording. Messieurs Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Dickinson, Cross, and Evans, to be the commission of the Synod with the same power as formerly. Ordered, that the minutes be revised by the commission of the Synod, tjpon reading the list of ministers the Synod found, to their great grief, that Mr. McNish was dead. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, and then to meet at Philadelphia, at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer. 78 MINUTES OF THE [1724. 17*2%. Philadelphia, S^ptenxt ..• KSth, 1724. The Synod met according to appointment, itbi post preces tedervnt Ministers : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Jodidiah Andrews, James Anderson, George Gillespie, Hugh Conn, David Evans, Henry Hook, Robert Cross, John Bradner, Thomas Evans, Alexander Hutchinson, John Pierson, John Orrae, Robert Laing, Thomas Craighead, John Thomson, Moses Dickinson, Samuel I'umry. Elders : Messrs. John Budd, John Gardner, James Parry, Abraham Golder, Peter Bushell, John Kale, Enoch Armitage. Ministers absent : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Willi n Stewart, Joseph Webb, Joseph Morgan, Samuel Gelstou, William Tennent. Mr. Anderson opened the Synod by preaching a sermon upon 2 Cor. v. 20. Mr. George Gillespie was chosen moderator, and Mr. Rojbert Cross, clerk. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at eight o'cloolr. Concluded with prayer. Die 17mo. at eight o'clocJc, ante merid. post preces Kjdcrunt qui snpjra. Mr. Webb and Mr. Tennent gave by letters the reasons of their absence, which were sustained. Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read. Mr. Pumry and Mr. Thomson gave the reasons of their absence last year, which were sustained. Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Pierson, Cross, Jones, and Conn, were appointed to be a committee for the fund, and for any other business the Synod shall recommend to them. Mr. Moses Dickinson appointed to preach on Friday night. Messrs. Pumry and Bradner appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. Masters Orme and Hook that of Long-Island. The Presbytery book of Philadelphia was wanting by reason of Mr. Jonathan Dickinson's absence. It being inquired what collections were made for the fund, it was found that Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, and Evans, had brought collections, and they were ordered to deliver them to the cummittee for the fund. And the rest of the ministers having given their rea.sons why they brought no col- lections, the same were sustained. And it is recommended to all the members of the Synod, to use their utmost diligence to bring collections to the next Synod. The Synod having inquired what the committee did on the affair of Mr. Walton, did approve of their conduct and managemeut, the account whereof 18 as followeth : ** New York, October 25, 1723. At a meeting of the com- mittee of the Synod, relating to the aftair of Mr. Walton. Present, Messrs. Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Samuel Pumry, Robert Cross, and Jouuthau Dickinson. " Mr. Morgan chosen Moderator, and Mr. Dickinson, clerk. ** After deliberate con.«idcration of Mr. Walton's case, and particular hear- ing several scandalous allegations again.st him, by letters and otherwise, and his answers unto them, the question was put, whether from what we had heard we had jii.st grounds to take off the fiuspcii.sion laid on him by the Synod, and we agrcifl iti the negative nemine eontrndirente. " Ordered, That Mr. Morgan write to the people of East-Chester, where he has lately preached, informing them of this our conclusion. " Resolved, That the committee of the Synod convene to transact what shall appear further needful in the case of Mr. Walton, when Messrs. Ander- 1724.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 79 son, Pumry, and Cross, shall give notice to the other members of the com- mittee. " The moderator being desired by the committee, after reading the above minutes to Mr. Walton, to give him an admonition, to use more care, watch- fulness, and circumspection for the future, Mr. Walton did not only exclaim against our conclusion, and declare he never would have any more concern with any of our judicatories, but also refused to hear any exhortation ; telling us that he did not want any exhortation from us, and that he always thought that it was all an intrigue, but was willing to try us once more, and in an angry manner rushed away from us." Mr. Orme fulfilled the appointment of the Synod with respect to his preach- ing in Virginia; Mr. Conn did not, and gave his reasons, which were sus- tained ; Mr. Stewart did not, the reasons not known, he being absent. The Synod approves of the conduct of the committee appointed to meet with the ministers from Connecticut, to confer about the affairs of the Pres- byterian congregation in New York, though their endeavours proved unsuc- cessful. The Synod having received a letter from George Williamson, expressing some dissatisfaction with the judgment of the Synod in his case last year, they appointed Mr. Andrews and Mr. Thomson to write a letter to him in answer to his, and bring it into the Synod for approbation. A letter from the people of Virginia being read and considered, the Synod have referred that whole affair to the Presbytery of New Castle, and orders a letter to be writ to said people, by Messrs. Pierson and Pumry, and to bring it to the Synod for approbation. Messieurs Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and Evans, continued to be the commissioners of the Synod, with the same power as formerly. Upon calling the roll it was found that Mr. McGrill died since our last Synod. Mr. Bradner having desired that he might be joined to the Presbytery of Long-Island, and offered his reasons, they were sustained, and he was ordered to join with said Presbytery. Ordered, That the committee for the fund, &c. meet at three o'clock, pos< merid. Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid. Ilora quintd, post merid. post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Moses Dickinson gave the reasons of his absence last year, which were sustained. Messrs. Andrews and Thomson brought in the letter to be sent to George Williamson, which was approved. Ordered, That the letter to Virginia be brought in at our next sederunt. The case proposed by Mr. Webb, being considered by the committee for overtures, they made this overture upon it, viz : Overtured, that whereas the case is delivered in such general and doubtful terms that we cannot judge of it, the consideration thereof be left to the Presbytery of Philadelphia ; which overture was approved by the Synod. Mr. Tennent having written to the Synod for some supply out of the fund, his request was denied, and Mr. Moses Dickinson and Mr. John Budd ordered to write a letter to him giving the reasons thereof, and to bring it in to-morrow morning. The overture of the committee, with reference to a supplication from some of the inhabitants of Perth Amboy, desiring sermons sometimes, being referred to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, was approved by the Synod, and Mr. An- 80 MINUTES OF THE [1725. derson was appointed to write a letter to them, and bring it in to-morrow morning. The consideration of a letter from Kent county, as likewise of Mr. Peter Finch's testimonials, deferred till to-morrow morning. Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock. Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. Die 18mo. Ilord decimd, ante meridiem, sederunt qui supra. The letter to be sent to Virginia was brought in and approved A letter to be sent to Perth Aniboy brought in and approved. A letter to I\Ir. Tennent brought in and approved. The affair of Mr. Finch and Kent county reassumed. The Synod having read and considered Mr. Peter Finch his testimonials, do approve them, and do recommend him for further advice and direction to the Presbytery of New Castle, and appoint Mr. Andrews to write a letter in answer to that from the people of Kent county. The overture of the committee to give five pounds to jMrs. Wilson, as like- wise the overture to give three pounds to the people of Broad Creek, were approved. The consideration of the Synod's meeting by delegates deferred to the next sederunt. Ordered, That the Presbytery books be brought in. Adjourned till three o'clock, ^os< meridiem. Hard tcrtiCi, post Tncridicm, scdcmnt qui svpra. The Presbytery books of New York and New Castle brought in and ap- proved. The affair relating to the Synod's meeting by delegates was taken into con- sideration, and after reasoning upon the matter, it was at last put to the vote thus : Appear by delegates or not? And it was carried in the affirmative ; and likewise concluded by vote, that the Presbytery of New Castle and Philadel- phia do yearly delegate the half of their members to the Synod, and the I'res- bytery of Long Island two of their number. And it is further ordered, that all the members of the Synod do attend every third year; and that, if in the interim, any thing of moment do occur, whereby the presence of all the mem- bers may be thought neces.sary, they, (upon notice given by the commission of the Synod,) shall carefully attend notwithstanding the above delegation. And it is further agreed, that every member of the Synod may attend as formerly if they see cause. Appointed, That the next Synod meet at I'hiladelphia, upon the third Wed- nesday of September next, at two of the clock in the afteraoou. Coacluded with prayer. 1725. JViihiJrlpfiia, Sf^ptnnher 15, 1725. The Synod met by their delegates according to appointment, L/ii post precrs sederunt Ministers delegated: Messrs. George Gillespie, David Jickinson, Samuel Gelston, William Stewart. Ministers occasionally present: Messrs. James Anderson, John Thomson, John Pierson, Robert liaing, Noycs I'arris. Elders: Messrs. John (Jardner, James Abraham, Thomas lliott, Joseph Braden, John Hall, .Joiin SnOwden, Enoch Armitage. Mr. Giliesjtic, the moderator of the last Synod, opened the Synod by preach- ing a sermon from ('ol. iv. 17. 1725.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. - 81 Masters Thomas Craighead, and William Tennent, delegated ministers, were absent. Mr. Craighead sent the reasons of his absence by letter, which were sus- tained. Mr. David Evans was chosen moderator, and Mr. Andrews clerk. The last year's minutes appointed to be read. Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, and Mr. Samuel Gelston, gave the reasons of their absence last year, which were sustained. Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Pierson, Jones, and Jonathan Dickinson, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod shall recommend to them. Mr. Hook appointed to preach on Friday night. Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson and Pierson appointed to revise the Presby- tery book of New Castle. Messrs. Hook and Boyd that of Long Island. Messrs. Gillespie and Houston that of Philadelphia. The revisers ordered to bring in the Presbytery books to-morrow afternoon. Ordered, That those which have brought collections for the fund do deliver them to the committee for the fund. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. 16 day, at eight o'clocic, post meridiem, sederunt qui supra. The minute that the revisers bring in the Presbytery books in the afternoon continued. Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and Evans, continued to be the commission of the Synod with the same power as formerly. Mr. Samuel Davis died since last Synod. Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at three o'clock, post meridiem. The Synod having received a letter from Mr. John Walton, desiring us to appoint the Presbytery of Long Island to be a committee to judge in his case, it was ordered, that an extract of the minutes of the Synod, relating to his affair, be sent to him. And it was further ordered, at the desire of the Pres- bytery of Long Island, that this affair be left as before, viz. to the Presbytery of Long Island, together with Messrs. Morgan, Dickinson, and Pierson, and that the said members have a copy of the said extract of minutes, to dispose of as they shall see cause. Mr. Stewart being questioned touching his not going to Virginia according to appointment, the year before last, he alleged for excuse bodily indisposi- tion, which excuse was accepted by the Synod ; and, as to his absence last year from the Synod, he brought his wife's indisposition for a reason, which, was sustained. Adjourned till five o'clock, post meridiem. At five o^cloch, post meridiem,, sederunt, &c. There being, according to the report of the committee for the fund, by col- lections and interest money brought in, the sum of ten pounds and three pence half-penny, there was given by the Synod to Mrs. Wilson five pounds ; to Octorara two pounds ; to Goshen two pounds ; to Mr. Anderson, on account of Mr. Finch, one pound ; to the door-keeper the remainder, viz. seven shil- lings and three pence half-penny. The Presbytery books were brought in and approved. Appointed, That the next Synod meet at Philadelphia, upon the third Wed- nesday of September next, at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer. 11 at MINUTES OF TILE [1726. 1726. Philadelphia^ Septcmhcr 21, 1726. The Synod met by their delegates according to appointment. L hi 2)oM jjreces sederunt Ministers delegated : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, Kobert Cross, John Thomson, David Evans, Joseph Webb, Alex- ander Hutchinson, Noyes Parris, Thomas Evans. Elders delegated : Charles Hofty, William Blair, John Snowden, Alexan- der Mullcston, James Abraham, Samuel Farrin, John Bravur, David Evans, E.'^quirc. Masters Joseph Morgan, William Tenncnt, Hugh Conn, and Robert Stewart, delegated ministers, were absent ; and 3Ir. AVilliam Teuneut was ab- sent also last year. Masters Jamos Anderson, Joseph Houston, and Samuel Gelston, were members occasionally present. Mr. Thomas Craighead was chosen moderator, and Mr. Webb clerk. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, eight o'clock 22 day^ at ei'jht o^clock, A. M. Postpreces scdcmnt qui supra. Mr. David Evans, the moderator of the last Synod, opened the Synod by preaching a sermon from Acts v. 42. Ordered, That the last year's minutes be read. Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Craighead, Anderson, Thomson, and Cross, ap- pointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod shall recommend to them. Mr. Houston appointed to preach on Friday night. Mr. Thomas Evans and Mr. Alexander Hutchinson appointed to revise the Presbytery book of Long Island; Mr. Noyes Parris and Mr. Joseph Webb appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. The Presbytery book of Philadelphia was not brought to the Synod. Inquiry being made who had made any collections for the fund, it was found that these following had done it, Mr. Malachi Jones, Mr. Ilobert Cross, 3Ir. John Thomson, and Mr. David Evans. Ordered, That the ministers here present should represent to the several Presbyteries, that there be yearly something done for the fund as was formerly appointed. It appearing that the commission of the Synod had done something relating to the fund, Ordered, That they bring in an account of it to the Synod to- morrow morning. The committee fur the fund appointed to meet at three o'clock 2)ost mcrid. together with the commissioners of the Synod. A reference from the Presbytery of Long-Island was brought in, and the papers relating to it were read, and the consideration of that atl'air deferred till next sederunt. Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid. At Jive o'clock, J*. M. post preces sederunt qui suj)ra. Ordered, That the I'resbytcry books that are here, be brought in by the members appointed to revise them, to-morrow morning. The commissioners of the Synod brought in an account to the Synod of what they had done respecting the change of a mortgage from Jo.seph Harri- son, which was approved. Ordered, 1'hat the affair referred to the Synod by the Presbytery of Lon^ Island, he. referred to the committee for an overture upon it, to be brought in next sederunt. 1726.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 83 A representation being made from the Presbytery of New Castle, of the conduct of 3Ir. Gilbert Tennent, respecting his leaving of New Castle, desiring the judgment of the Synod in that affair ; it was concluded that the said Mr. Tennent's steps were too hasty and unadvised in several particulars ; and ac- cordingly ordered the moderator to reprove him, and withal exhort him unto more caution and deliberation in his future proceedings. Mr. William Tennent, by his son, offered the reasons of his absence, which were sustained. The committee appointed to meet to-morrow morning at eight o'clock. Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. 2Sd day at ten o'clock, A. M. postpreces sederunt quisupra. The Presbytery books that were here were brought in and approved. The committee met according to appointment, and brought in overtures upon the affair of New York congregation, (which was referred to the Synod by the Presbytery of Long-Island,) which overture, (after reading and mature delibe- ration had upon them,) were unanimously approved, and ordered to be trans- cribed and inserted in our minutes. The overtures are as followeth : Overtured, That Dr. Nicholls' conduct, (as represented to us by the elders and representatives of the Presbyterian congregation of New York,) appears unjustifiable and unbecoming the gospel; and we cannot but judge it to be so in the following respects, (until we are otherwise informed,) viz : 1. In his disposing of the money sent from Great Britain for the payment of the Church's debt, without consulting the representatives, who are equally concerned with him in the affair. 2. In refusing to cancel or deliver up the bonds paid with the public money. 3. In exacting interest in such a rigorous manner, for money laid out for promoting the interest of Christ, as he at first professed. 4. In disregarding the Presbytery, and not attending the Synod in the affair of the representation, when he was apprized that the affair was referred to the Synod. 5. In applying to Boston for a minister without the concurrence of Presby- tery or Synod, or the elders and representatives of the congregation. Overtured further, That a letter be wrote to Dr. Nicholl, expressing the mind of the Synod fully with respect to his conduct. And a letter to the ministers of Boston not to countenance the Doctor in this matter, until he give satisfaction. And a letter to the elders and representatives of New York con- gregation. Further overtured. That the Synod, (as things now appear,) doth judge it to be the duty of Dr. Nicholl, to give such satisfaction to the said representatives in the affair of the public money and bonds, as will appear satisfactory in the judgment of the Synod or the commissioners of the Synod. Until which time the Synod cannot concur with him in any of his endeavours for obtaining a minister. Overtured, That the Synod are willing to contribute their best endeavours for the good of the congregation of New York, and (in case of Mr. Anderson's removal,) take care to provide supplies for them while vacant, and provide a pastor for them as soon as Providence may open a door. And for this purpose do recommend them to the care of the Presbytery of Long-Island, to which they belong, together with such correspondents from the Presbytery of Phila- delphia as may be thought needful. Overtured, That Mr. Anderson, (according to his desire,) be left at his liberty to remove from New York, and to accept of a call from any other peo- ple, as Providence may determine ; and the congregation of New York be at 84 MINUTES OF THE [1726. liberty to call another miuister, (in an orderly way,) as soon as they shall pay up what arrears appear justly due to Mr. Anderson. Uvertured, That a letter be wrote to 3Ir. 8niith in answer to his to the Synod, letting him know, that the Synod will not remit that money fur whieh Mr. McNish's estate stands obliged, and that ho take care about it; and likewise a letter be wrote to Mr. William Teuuent, of the same purport. Ordered, That iMe.^srs. Jones and Andrews write the letter to the ministers of IJoston ; Messrs. Thomson and David Evans to Dr. Nieholl; Messrs. Thomas Evans and Webb to the congregation of New York ; and .Messrs. (relston and Parris, those to Mr. Tenuent and Mr. Joseph Smith, and that they be brought into the Synod to-morrow morning. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. 31. At 3 d'clocic, P. M. Post jn-eces seilcnmt qui svpra. An appeal from some members of Mr. Houston's congregation being presented to the Synod, and all papers relating to that affair being read, as also all that the parties had to say patiently heard, the consideration thereof was deferred till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. lAth day at eiyht o'clock, A. 31. jJost prcccs sederunt qui supra. The letters mentioned in a former minute were all brought in and ap- proved. The affair of the abovcsaid appeal being reassumod, and much time spent in debating and considering of it, it was put to vote, whether approve or disap- prove of the Presbytery's conduct with respect to the matter of said appeal, and it was carried in the affirmative nnnine contradirmte. Upon the whole, the Synod after mature deliberation, do judge that the appellants have acted irregular in separating from the congregation whereof they arc members, and going about to build a separate meeting-house, which seems to have a visible tendency to the hurt and detriment of the interest of Christ and religion in that place. And do further judge the treatment they have given to the Pres- bytery of New Castle, as appears by their own papers, to be unjustifiable and justly censurable, and do exhort said persons to return to the congregation to which they belong, and endeavour to maintain the unity of the spirit in the bond of peace. A call from the people of Dunegall to the Uev. Mr. James Anderson, being presented to the Synod, the Synod recommended said call to Mr. Anderson for Lis consideration about it. Adjourned till two o'clock, post mnrid. At two o'clock, P. M. post pi'cces sederunt qui supra. There being from time to time complaints of the weakness and deficiency of Mr. Ilobert Jjaing, rendering his exerei.se of the ministerial function a de- triment to the interest of n-ligion, and rather a .scandal than an help to the gospel ; the Synod advise him to demit tlie whole exercise of the ministry, and not to take it up again but by the approbation of at least three ministers of the J'resbytcry wherein he )nay reside ; the said Mr. l/iiiig did (|uietly and humbly ac(|uie.sce in the aforesaid advice. And there being a motion made, that in case Mr. J/iing should remove unto some place in the skirts of the Synod, so that the commissioners may not be apprized of his circumstances in order to his relief, .should there be need of it, that any member or members of the Synod administering t(j his necessities in a prud(!nt way, (wherein they shall be accountable to tlic Synod,) may be reimbursed by tiie Synod. The said motion was approved of by the Synod, the said Mr. Laing bringing with 1727.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 85 him such credentials as may testify of his good moral behaviour. And the Synod did, for the present, in testimony of their compassion, give him out of the fund the sum of forty shillings. Mr. Webb giving account of some difficulties in his congregation, which he hoped might be healed by a committee appointed by the Synod, it was (iu compliance with his desire,) ordered, that Messrs. Morgan, Anderson, Cross, Pierson, Grelston, Jonathan Dickinson, and Andrews, should be the said com- mittee, and meet at Newark on the fourth Wednesday of October next, to act with the full power of the Synod in all matters that may be laid before them with respect to that congregation, and bring an account of what they do to the next Synod. Messrs. Jones, Andrews, Evans, Anderson, Cross, and Jonathan Dickinson, continued to be the commissioners of the Synod, with the same power as for- merly. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, then to meet at Philadelphia at two o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer. 1727. Septemler 20(h, 1727. The full Synod met at Philadelphia according to appointment, when post preces sederunt^ Ministers : Messrs. Malachi Jones, Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, John Thomson, James Anderson, Joseph Morgan, George Gillespie, Hugh Conn, William Stewart, John Pierson, David Evans, William Tennent, Samuel Gelston, Joseph Houston, John Bradner, Thomas Evans, Henry Hook, Nathaniel Hubbill, Alexander Hutchinson, Gilbert Tennent, Joseph Webb, Archibald McCook, Adam Boyd. Elders present : Messrs. Joseph Charlesworth, John Snowden, John Mont- gomery, Archibald Smith, James Mitchell, John Hutten, Joseph Steel, James Abraham, James Smith, Joseph Thomas, Jacob King, Samuel Allen, David Lawson, Arthur Park. Ministers absent : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Pumry, Robert Cross, Noyes Parris. Mr. John Pierson was chosen moderator, and Mr. Thomas Evans clerk. Mr. Craighead opened the Synod by preaching a sermon from 1 Tim. iv. 14, 15. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. 21 day, at eight o' cloclc, post preces sederunt qui supra. Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Cross, and Orme, gave by letters the reasons of their absence, which were sustained. Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read. Masters William Tennent, Conn, and Stewart, gave the reasons of their absence last Synod, which were sustained. Masters Jones, Andrews, Craighead, Anderson, Thomson, and the mode- rator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business that the Synod shall recommend to them. Masters Bradner and William Tennent appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. The Presbytery books of Long Island and Philadelphia were not brought to the Synod, and the reasons thei-eof were sustained. Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the Synod, it was found that Mr. Andrews had brought somewhat. The committee for the fund appointed to meet at three o'clock, post meri- diem, together with the commission of the Synod. A petition and other papers being brought into the Synod by Dr. Nicolls, M MINUTES OF THE [1727. they were road, and referred to the consideration of the committee to bring in overtures upon them. The tran^^uctions of the committee last year appointed to meet at Newark, were brought in, read, and approved. ^Masters Jone.<', Andrews, David Evans, Cross, Jonathan Dickinson, and Pierson, appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing;. A letter was presented to the Synod from the ministers of Boston, in New England, as also another from the Presbyterian congregation at New York, referring to the ordination of Mr. Pemberton, and his settlement at New York, and proposing his admission as a member of the Synod j both which being read, the consideration of that whole affair was referred to the committee to bring in an overture upon it. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. 22 day, at ciijht o'chrJc, ante meridiem, post preces, sederunt qui supra. Overtured, upon the affair of the congregation at New York, That, although the Synod, according to the rcpresentat on then made to them, saw cause last year to find fault with several parts of Or. Nicoll's management with respect to the public money belonging to the congregation there, yet inasmuch as the body of that congregation have signified by their letter to this Synod, that they are fully satisfied with the Doctor's accounts and conduct in that affair, the Synod think they have no more to do in that matter, saving still the right and privilege of the representatives or others, hereafter to remonstrate their dis- satisfactions, if they have any, in a regular way before Presbytery or Synod; which overture was approved of And as to the call and settlement of the Rev. Mr. Pemberton at New York, the Synod does declare that the rules of our Presbyterian constitution were not observed in several respects by that congregation in that matter. This also passed by the Synod, neminc contradicente. And it was put to the vote, Receive or delay the receiving of Mr. Pember- ton as a member of this Synod; and it was carried for delaying, which delay did not flow from any disrespect to Mr. Pemberton, or any fault objected against him, but from other reasons. Adjourned till three o'clock, post meridiem. Three o'clock, P. M. Post prrces, sederunt qui supra. The further consideration of the affair of New Y'ork deferred till to-morrow morning. Two letters were brought in, one from the party dissenting from Mr. Hous- ton's congregation, and another from the said congregation, which were re- ferred to the committee to bring in overtures upon them. A supplication from a party of Mr. Boyd's congregation, referred also to the committee for the same purpose. The committtie appointed tarty, who have supplicated for a new erection, yet they appear- ing constantly lunl firmly resolved not to be reconciled to that congregation as a part of it, in order to attend (iod'a worship in their old meeting-house, by 1727.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. ' 8? reason of feuds and diflPerences arising between them and some of the mem- bers of that congregation ; and inasmuch as the erecting of that party as a dis- tinct separate congregation as yet, appears to have an evident tendency to weaken and disable, if not utterly destroy that congregation, by reason of the paucity and poverty of the inhabitants of our persuasion there, partly by reason of the ill situation of the new-meeting-house, which, upon supposition of a new erection, will infer a necessity of joining a considerable part of Mr. Houston's congregation with that new erection, the Synod being desirous of taking healing as well as just measures to determine in that affair, do judge as followeth, viz. First, That that party be allowed to have a new meeting-house in some part of their side of the congregation, yet still to remain a part of that con- gregation until the Presbytery or Synod have more encouragement for a new erection. Secondly, That in order to this, the new meeting-house be removed to any place above six miles distance in a direct line from the old meeting-house, which the said supplicants shall agree upon, and that it be seven miles from any other. Thirdly, That upon the compliance of said party with said terms, Mr. Houston's congregation shall contribute to the removal of the said new meet- ing-house in proportions to their subscriptions. Or, that those supplicants shall be erected into a separate congregation as soon as they, at their own expense, do remove their new meeting-house as aforesaid, and that none that are now orderly members of Mr. Houston's con- gregation, shall be received as members of said erection without the consent of the congregation, or order of the Presbytery. This overture was read before the Synod, and all parties being patiently heard in what they had to offer upon it, and after considerable reasoning upon the whole affair, parties being removed, it was put to the vote, whether this overture should be approved or not, and it was carried in the affirmative unani- mously, save only one dissentient. Ordered, That no minister preach in the said new meeting-house while in that place where it now is. The committee appointed to meet at eight o'clock, Monday morning. Adjourned till ten o'clock, Monday morning. 25 da^, 3Ionday, ten o^ clock, A. M. jiost preces, sederunt qui supra. The affair of New York was reassumed. Masters Andrews, Morgan, Jonathan Dickinson, Pierson, and Webb, ap- pointed to be a committee to meet at New York to accommodate matters of difference between that congregation and the Presbytery of Long Island, and also any other differences that may be among themselves about their church settlement, and particularly to receive Mr. Pemberton as a member of the Synod, or not, as they shall see cause. As to the time of the meeting of the said committee, it is determined that it shall be at such time as the congrega- tion of New York shall agree upon, they giving reasonable notice to the mem- bers of the committee, and the Presbytery of Long Island, that they may meet there together. Ordered, That a letter be writ to the congregation at New York by Mr. Andrews and the moderator, and another to the Presbytery of Long Island by Masters Anderson and Thomson. And it was further Ordered, That the said committee shall write to Scot- land, giving an account of the affairs of New York congregation, at their own discretion. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. 88 MIXUTES OF THE [1728. Three o'clock, P. M. Post preccs, sederunt qui supra. A paper of protest was brought into the Synod, after all business was done, by Messrs. Jones, David Evans, Webb, and Ilubbell, wliich was ordered to be kept in rrtcntis. Adjourned till the third "Wednesday of September next, and then to meet at Philadelphia. 17"28. September 18, 1728. The delegated Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment. Lb i post preces scdcru n t Ministers : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, John Thom- son, James Anderson, Joseph Morgan, George Gillespie, John Pierson, "Wil- liam Tcnnent, Samuel Gclston, Joseph Houston, Gilbert Tenncnt, Archibald McCook, Adam Boyd, Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Pumry, Robert Cross, Noyes Parris. Elders: Messrs. John Budd, John Cochran, Archibald Smith, Bichard Allison, John Ilutton, John Cross, Piobcrt Linton, Moses llolph, Roger Train, Arthur Park, Nathaniel Hazzard, William More. Mr. Andrews was cho.sen moderator, and Mr. Boyd was chosen clerk. 3Ir. Pierson opened the Synod with a sermon upon 2 Tim. iii. 5. Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read. Masters Craighead, William Tenncnt, Anderson, Thomson, Cross, Dickinson, and the moderator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any other business that the Synod shall recommend to them. Masters Houston and Boyd ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Phila- delphia. ^Masters William Tennent and Pierson appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. The Presbytery book of Long Island was not brought, and the reason of it was sustained. Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found that Mr. Anderson had brought somewhat. And it was recommended, that the appointment in reference to the raising collections for the fund be carefully observed for the future. Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at eight o'clock, to-morrow, a/ite mcrid. together with the comnii.ssioners of the Synod. Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and Gillespie, appointed to be the commissioners of tiie Synod for the year ensuing. Ordered, That the committee appointed last y(;ar to go to New York, bring in their minutes relating to that affair to-morrow morning. Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow, anlr. mtridit:m. 19//t dai/j ten delude, A. M. post preces, sederunt cpii supra. Agreed that the interest of Mr. AVilliam Tenncnt's bond be remitted till this time. Agreed to take Mr. Tenncnt's own bond for that money due to the Synod for which Mr. JMcNish's estate was engaged. Ordered that tbe committee meet at four o'clock. Adjourned till five o'clock, p)ost mcrid. At five o* clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui svpra. The committee appointed last Synod to meet at New York, in order to in.spect into the affairs of that congregation, as also to consult about Mr. Pem- berton's admiBsion as a member of the Synod, having produced their minutes. 1728.] SYXOD OF PHILADELPHIA, " 89 and the said minutes being read and considered,* the following questions were proposed to the vote of the Synod. 1. Whether the committee had authority from the Synod to consider the admission of Mr. Pemberton as a member of the Synod, without previously * The minutes of the committee that met at New York, November 15, 1727. Kew York, November 15, 1727. According to the appointment of the Synod of Philadelphia, the committee for the affair of the Presbyterian congregatiou at New York, convened at New York the time above mentioned, ubi post preccs sederunt, Messrs. Morgan, Pierson, AVebb, and Jonathan Dick- inson. jNIr. Pierson chosen modei-ator, and Mr. Dickinson clerk. Mr. Webb having at the Synod last sitting at Philadelphia, signed a protestation and withal declared his purpose to join no more with the Synod, he does now before this committee retract that his declaration of withdrawal from the Synod, and declare his future purpose of continuing a member of and joining with the Synod. Adjourned till five o'clock, post merid. At five 0^ clock, post merid. postpreces sederunt qui supra. After hearing several debates between Dr. Nicoll and some others that offered com- plaints against Dr. Nicoll, the committee saw it necessary to put off the further consid- eration thereof till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. 16?A day at nine o^ clock, post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair between Dr. Nicoll and some others of this congregation being reassumed, the Committee found it necessary to defer it till the next sederunt. Adjourned till three o'clock, post merid. At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee having used their endeavours to procure a reconciliation between Dr. Nicoll and ^Masters Liddell, Blake, and Ingliss, and to have the differences between them relating to the Presbyterian church at New Yox'k amicably healed, have the satisfaction and comfort of their coming now into an happy agreement on these following terms. 1. That Masters Liddel, Blake, and Ingliss, shall, as soon as with conveniency it can be done, make over and convey all their right, title, and interest in the Presbyterian church or meeting-house in New York, to the Rev. Masters William Mitchell, William Wisheart, William Hamilton, Miller, and Hart, ministers in Edinburgh, in North Britain, and to Dr. John Nicoll abovesaid, in trust for the use of the Presbyterian Congregation in New York, and to and for no other use whatsoever. And that by the same instrument of conveyance, they authorize and impower the Presbytery of Edin- burgh, for the time being, from time to time, and at any time hereafter, to appoint and put in trust, under their hands and seals, whomsoever they shall think proper, in the room and place and with the full power and authority of any of the said gentlemen above mentioned, upon his or their death, and of all of them successively upon their decease. 2. That Dr. Nicoll do cancel and make void what bonds of the said Liddel, Blake, and Ingliss, he has in his hands, either given to him by them, or assigned to him by any others that were given on account of the said Presbyterian church or meeting-house in New York, and that he free and indemnify them from all former obligations to him on ac- count of said church, and particularly from a bond conjunctly given by him and them unto Mr. Samuel Bayard. 3. That the said Dr. Nicoll do give a bond of two thousand pounds to the above mentioned ministers of Edinburgh, that neither he nor his heirs shall alienate his or their right, title, or interest, in the above mentioned church, or meeting-house, or the ground there- unto belonging, from the use of a Presbyterian congregation in New York, for ever. And also that, as soon as the said Dr. Nicoll shall be paid and reimbursed what is due to him on account of the said church, or meeting-house, and ground, that he will also make over his right and interest in the said house and ground, to the above mentioned minis- ters of Edinburgh, in the same form, and to the same intents and purposes as the said Liddel, Blake, and Ingliss, shall do. And also, that Dr. Nicoll shall oblige himself by a bond of five hundred pounds, to be given to Masters John Pierson, Piobert Cross, and Jonathan Dickinson, that, notwithstanding his mortgage upon the said church, or meeting- 12 99 MINUTES OF THE [1728. considering what the Presbytery of Long-Island had to offer in that affair. Car- ried in the negative by a great majority. 2. Whether the Synod approve of the conduct of the committee with relation to the divisions of the said congregation. Carried in the affirmative iicmine C'jutradlnnte. 3. "Whether Mr. Pembcrton be allowed as a member of this Synod, by virtue of what tlie committee has done. Carried in the negative. 4. AVhether notwithstanding of all the irregularity that was in the accession of Mr. Peniberton to New York, the Synod do now accept him as a member. Carried in the affirmative ncminc contvadlccnte. And it i.s left to Mr. Pemberton and the congregation, to join what Presby- tery they shall think fit. Diverse papers of complaint against Mr. Morgan were read, the consideration of them deferred till to-morrow. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow, A. M. IQtli day at clijlit uclock, ante mcrid. post ^)?rws sederunt qui supra. The affair of Mr. Morgan rcassumed, and the further consideration of it deferred till afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui snpra. As to the accusations against Mr. Morgan, the Synod judges in the several articles as followeth. As to the first article the Synod judges that Mr. Morgan's declaration of his judgment in that affair is satisfactory. house, he Yrill concur with such men as the .said ministers of Edinburgh shall ap- point, in the sale of such pews in the said church as shall be ordered to be sold by the major part of the said Presbyterian congregation in New York. 4. It is also agreed by Dr. Nicoll, that no reparation or addition shall be made to the Baid church without the consent and direction of the major part of the congregation, and upon their charge. 5. It is agreed, that the congregation shall, if they please, by a majority of votes, choose five men as public managers or representatives. And the said Ur. NicoU does also agree that whosoever of the congregation desires it, shall have copies at their own charge, of whatever papers are now in his hands that refer to the building of the Pres- byterian church in New York. As an evidence that the abovcsaid Masters Liddcl, Blake, and Ingliss, do consent and sgree to all the ubovesaid articles, they hereunto set their hands in the presence of the committee. John Nicoll, Thomas I.noliss, John Hi.ake;, Jusi^ni LiunELL. Adjoamed till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. 17 day, at nine o'clock; post preces sederunt qui supra. Being proposed to the committee, and agreed upon by Dr. Nicoll and several members of the congregation, that there lie two men ciiosen by the congregation to account with Baid Dr. Nicoll. hum time to time, for wiiatcver money he siiall receive townrds tiie pay- ment of tlic debt due to him from the church, the committee approve of the overture and recommend it to the congregation. Mr. Pt-niberton appearing before this committee and desiring admission, as a member of the Synod of Philadelphia, promised upon such admi.ssion all subjection to the said Synod in tiio Lord, flic comuiittce can see no reasfin why such ailmission hiiould be re- fused or dcliiypil, :ind do therefore admit him as a member of the .said Synod. The committei- having received a letter from the commijaniel Williams of London, deceased, the said letters were read and or- dered to be kept in rrtcntis. Adjourned till three o'clock, post meridiem. 1732.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. ': 101 At 3 o'clock P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read. The affair depending between Mr. Bradner and Samuel Nealy further delayed. The Synod having considered the affair of Mr. Gelston's meeting-house, find that the perambulation appointed last year was not, in all respects, ob- served, as likewise that no damage, as appears to us, has hitherto accrued to Mr. Houston's congregation by reason of the said meeting-house standing where it is, to prevent which was the chief reason that moved the Synod to make the former act fixing the distance between the two meeting-houses, do now agree that Mr. Gelston's meeting-house shall stand where it is, without any further dispute about it. This above minute being put to vote, approve or not, it was carried in the affirmative by a great majority. An interloquitur of the Synod appointed to be to-morrow morning at eight o'clock. Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. At ten o'clock, post preces sederunt qui sfup>ra. The interloquitur was attended according to appointment. The affair between Mr. Bradner and Samuel Nealy was reassumed, and after long reasoning upon it, the Synod came to this conclusion : That not- withstanding a former minute of the Synod, whereby that affair was deter- mined as things then appeared, yet they have, for sundry good reasons, judged it expedient, that there be a hearing of that matter again upon the spot; and therefore appointed a committee of the Synod to go to Goshen with the full power of the Synod to hear and determine that business. The persons appointed for said committee are Mr. Andrews, Mr. Cross, Mr. Dickinson, Mr. Pierson, Mr. Webb, Mr. Pumry, and Mr. Pemberton, or any three of them, though it is expected they will all use their diligence to go. The time of meeting to be the third Wednesday of May next. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, at two o'clock, P. M., and then to meet at Philadelphia. 1732. At a Synod held at Philadelphia, September 2^thj VJ^'l. Post preces sederunt Ministers present : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson, John Pierson, William Tennent, George Gillespie, Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Jonathan Dickinson, John Cross, Hugh Conn, John Orme, William Stewart, Eleazar Wales, Ebenezer Pemberton, Joseph Houston, Rich- ard Treat, Robert Cathcart, William Orr, William Bertram. Elders present : Messrs. William McMaughan, Hugh Scott, William Gray, Andrew Hamilton, John Neven, Robert Linton, Abednego Thomas, William Blair, James Donald. Ministers absent : Messrs. Samuel Gelston, David Evans, Gilbert Tennent, Adam Boyd, Henry Hook, Ebenezer Goold, Robert Cross, Alexander Hutch- inson, Hugh Stephenson, Samuel Pumry, John Bradner, Thomas Evans, Daniel Elmer, Joseph Webb, Nathaniel Hubbell. Mr. Stewart was chosen moderator, and Mr. Dickinson clerk. Mr. IMorgan, the last moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon from Psal. cxxxviii. 2. The Rev. Mr. William Bertram desiring admission into this Synod, and producing most ample testimonials from the Presbytery of Bangor, in Ireland, of his ordination, ministerial qualifications, and regular Christian conversation, 102 MINUTES OF THE [1732 after bis declaring his full and free assent unto the Westminster Confession and Catotbisms as the confession of his faith, the Synod unanimously and cheerfully complied with his desire of admission as a member of this Synod. The moderator and Mr. Orme not having opportunity before, either in Pres- bytery or Synod, did now declare their hearty assent unto the Confession of Faith and Catechisms of Westminster, adopting them as the confession of their faith. Ordered, That the minutes of the last Synod be read. The moderator, with Messrs. Orme, Houston, I'emberton, and Wales, offered the reasons of their absence from the Synod last year, which were sustained. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. 21 day. At 9 oWoch, post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Webb's reasons of his absence, by Mr. Dickinson, and Mr. David Evans's reasons for his absence, sent by letter, were sustained. Masters Andrews, Thomson, I'ierson, Craighead, Anderson, and Dickinson, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and for any other business that the Synod shall recommend unto them. Mr. Houston and Mr. Conn appointed to revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia. Mr. Andrews and 3Ir. Dickinson appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. Inquiry being made who had collections for the fund, it was found that Mr. Gillespie had brought something. And it is further most earnestly recom- mended by the Synod to take care that the yearly collections for the fund be not forgotten, but that the respective congregations be earnestly pressed by the ministers to exercise their charity in this matter. The committee for the fund appointed to meet at two o'clock, post merid. Masters Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and Houston, ap- pointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing. Inquiry being made of the committee appointed to go to Goshen in May last, it was found that by reason of the great progress of the small-pox on the road, and some other reasons, the appointnu-nt was not attended. It is there- fore now recommended to the Presbytery of Philadelphia to take care of that affair, and pursue the most probable methods to. heal the unhappy breach be- tween Mr. Bradner and Samuel Nealy, if that difference bo not already ac- commodated. Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. At four o* clock, P. M. j^ost preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. John Cross having but this day been made a member of the Synod, and withdrawing to return home without ac(iuainting the Synod therewith, is voted to be disorderly and irregular. It being overtured by the committee of overtures, that an erection of a new Presbytery in Lancaster county, should be appointed by the Synod, it waa vot^yi by a great majority, that Masters Anderson, Thomson, Boyd, Orr, and Bertram, be members of a Presbytery by the name of Duuagall Presbytery. The Synod for some reasons, thought fit to defer the revisal of the Presby- tery books until the next year. Voted by the Synod, ncminc conlradicentc, that Mr. Orr preach to-morrow night. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of September next, at two o'clock, P. M. and then to meet at Philadelphia. 1733.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. ': lOS 1733. At a Synod held at Philadelphia, September l^th, 1733. Post preces sederunt Ministers : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson, John Pierson, Joseph Morgan, James Anderson, Eleazer Wales, Joseph Hous- ton, Richard Treat, Daniel Elmer, George Gillespie, AVilliam Tennent, Robert Cathcart, WiUiam Orr, William Bertram, Samuel Gelston, David Evans, Adam Boyd, Alexander Hutchinson, Hugh Stevenson, Thomas Evans, Benjamin Campbell, John Nutman, Gilbert Tennent. Elders present : Messrs. William Gray, John Caldwell, Thomas Mitchell, Robert McNight, James Abraham, Thomas Rees, James Young, Benjamin Jones, William Bateman, John Kirkpatrick, Robert Boyd, William Stinson, Alexander White, Abraham Kitchell, Robert Jameson, George Renocks, James Wallace. Ministers absent : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, John Cros.', Hugh Conn, John Orme, William Stewart, Ebenezer Pemberton, Henry Hook, Ebenezer Goold, Robert Cross, Samuel Pumry, Joseph Webb, Nathaniel Hubbell. Mr. Stewart, the last year's moderator, being absent through indisposition, Mr. Thomson opened the Synod with a sermon from Jer. xvii. 9. The roll being called over it was found that the Rev. Mr. John Bradner was dead since our last Synod. Mr. Joseph Houston was chosen moderator, and Mr. Thomas Evans clerk. Messrs. Stewart, Webb, and Hook, sent letters to excuse their absence, which were approven. And upon the representation made by Mr. Treat and others, of the reasons of the absence of Mr. John Cross, he was excused for his absence this year. The reasons of the absence of Mr. Robert Cross, sent by letter, not being satisfactory, the consideration of his absence both last year and this, were deferred till our next. Ordered, That our last year's minutes be read. Masters Boyd, Hutchinson, Stevenson, Gilbert Tennent, Gelston, Elmer, and Thomas Evans, gave the reasons of their absence last year, which were sustained. Masters Andrews, Thomson, Pierson, Craighead, Anderson, Boyd, and the moderator, appointed to be a committee for the fund, and any business that the Synod shall recommend unto them. Masters Gillespie and Hutchinson appointed to revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia. The Presbytery books of New Castle and Dunagall being absent, Ordered, That they be brought at our next Synod. Ordered, That the committee meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morning. Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning. lOtJi day, at ten o^ clock, ante meridiem, post preces sederunt qui sujjra. Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read. Inquiry being made who had brought collections for the fund, it was found that Masters Thomson, Anderson, Gillespie, Boyd, and Thomas Evans, had brought something. And it being found that most of our members had ne- glected in times past to bring collections, it was ordered, that every member of the Synod do use their endeavours with their respective congregations, to bring collections yearly to the fund, and that in order to their greater success, every member who hath not yet had a copy of the Synod's letter relating to that affair, shall not fail to procure one, and improve it with their respective congre- gations and sessions, according to the design thereof. Ordered, That the commission of the Synod bring in an account of their management with respect to the fund, at our next sederunt. Masters Andrews, Anderson, Gillespie, Robert Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, 104 MINUTES OF THE [1733. Craighead, and the moderator, be the commission of the S}'nod for the year ensuing. Inquiry being made of the difference between Mr. Bradner and Samuel Nealy, it was reported that some time before Mr. IJradner's death the breach between them was made up ; the said Nealy submitting to the Synod's deter- mination. The further consideration of Mr. John Cross his withdrawing from the Synod last year, deferred to our next. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. At three o'cIocJc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The commission of the Synod for last year brought in an account of their management with respect to the fund, which being read was approved. Upon a supplication of the people of Trenton, presented to the Synod by the committee of the Synod, it was recommended by said committee, that the commission of the Synod do allow something out of tlie fund to Trenton, as to them shall appear needful, when they are settled with a minister; which overture being read was approved by the Synod, ne.mlne contradicente. * The affair of Hanover coming under consideration, and many papers being read to give light to the Synod in that affair, it was agreed that the committee bring in an overture on said business at our next sederunt. Ordered, That the committee meet at eight of the clock to-morrow morning. Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning. 21 day, at ten o'cIocJc, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That the minutes of our last sederunt be read. The committee having spent much time in reasoning on the affair of Hano- ver committed to them, at length agreed upon an overture on it in the follow- ing articles, viz. First, That the Synod look upon the practice of submitting of congrega- tional affairs to the decision of a lot, though accompanied with sacred solem- nity, to be unwarrantable, inasmuch as lots are only waiTantably used to de- cide matters that can't be otherwise determined in a rational way ; particularly by appl^nng to higher judicatories. Secondly, The Synod do think that in their present circumstances of poverty and weakness, it might be very advisable for the people of AVest Hanover, at least for some time, to join them.selvG3 with the congregations of East Hanover, and Basking Ilidge, as may be most convenient, until they, as well as the said neighbouring congregations, be more able to subsist of themselves separately. Yet in the mean time, as the case now stands with that people, if re-union between East and West Hanover be found impracticable, according to our above advice, the Synod judge that the people of West Hanover be left to their liberty to erect themselves into a separate congregation. Withal we earnestly obte.'ra. The last year's minutes appointed to be read. Ministers absent : Masters Bertram, Hugh Stevenson, Thomas Evans, Hugh Conn, John Orme, William Stewart, Nathaniel Hubbell. Mr. Bertram sent reasons of his absence, which were sustained. Messrs. Pemberton, Dickinson, and Robert Cross, gave the reasons of their absence last year, which were sustained. Mr. Webb and Mr. Nutman appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Castle. Messrs. Orr and Campbell, to revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia. Messrs. Houston and Pumry, to revise the Presbytery book of East Jersey. The order with respect to the bringing the Presbytery book of Dunagall, that was made last year, is renewed now. Inquiry being made who had brought collections from their respective con- gregations to the fund, it was found that Messrs. Andrews, Thomson, Pierson, Anderson, Houston, Treat, William Tennent, Cathcart, Orr, Evans, Boyd, Webb, and Hutchinson, had brought something. Masters Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Gillespie, Robert Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Craighead, and the moderator, appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing. Mr. John Cross having given the reasons of his withdrawing from the Synod without liberty, the year before last, acknowledged the disorder thereof, which acknowledgment was accepted by the Synod. Inquiry being made with respect to the overture made last Synod, in order to revive the decaying power of godliness ; and it being found that it has not yet been fully put into execution, the Synod do not only renew the said order, but earnestly obtest every of our brethren of the ministry, conscientiously and diligently to pursue the good designs thereof. Ordered, That the last year's minutes with relation to Mr. Nutman and the people of Hanover, be further considered. 108 MINUTES OF THE [1734. Ordered, That the account of the state of the fund be brought in the next sederunt. Ordered, That the committee meet at three o'clock, P. M. Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. At four o^doch, P. M. post preccs sederunt qui supra. Minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read. The affair of Mr. Nutraan and Hanover continued. The consideration of the state of the fund continued. Adjourned to ten o'clock, to-morrow morning. 20 da>/, at ten o'cIocK-, post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read. The affair of Mr. Nutman further continued. The consideration of the state of the fund further continued. There being a petition from the people of Smithbury, that they may be put under the Prci^bytcry of P^ast Jersey, the Synod complied with the said peti- tion, and appointed that they belong accordingly to the said Presbytery. The affair of Mr. Cross's transportation from Jamaica to Philadelphia came under consideration, and accordingly the minutes of the commission of the Synod, and of the committee appointed by the commission relating to that affair being read, and the commissioners from Philadelphia and Jamaica being heard at length, as to their reasons and arguments pro and con; as also Mr. Cross having declared himself upon that affair, wherein he devolved himself ■wholly upon the determination of the Synod ; and several brethren having proposed queries in reference to the several arguments pro and con, in order to greater light; the Synod defer the further consideration of the whole affair until the next sederunt. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. At three o'clock, P. M. post jyreces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read. The affair of Mr. Nutman continued. The affair of the fund also con- tinued. The affair of Mr. Cross's transportation from Jamaica to Philadelphia, came again under consideration. Upon which it was propo.'^ed by a member of the Synod, that inasmuch as it is suggested that there are not a few of this con- gregation who desire not Mr. Cross's transportation to Philadelphia; and that this congregation may not be cut out of the right that they have, according to our Presbyterian constitution, to offer their objections; the Synod by a great majority of votes agreed that this affair be deferred until to-morrow morning, and that public adverti.semeut be given this evening to this congregation, that if there be any of this congregation, who have any thing to object against Mr. Cross's being settled here at Philadelphia, they may appear and offer what they have to say upon this affair, that tlie Synod may judge thereof before they proceed to determine this momentous affair by vote. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. 21 dii)/, at nine o'rior/i, ]>ost jireces sederunt qui supra. The minutes of the last scdnmnt ordered to be read. The affairs of Mr. Nutman and the fund yet continued. Some overtures brought in by Mr. (Jilbert Tennent, deferred. The affair respecting .^l^. Cross's transportation from .Jamaica to Phila- delphia reassumed. And the Synod being deeply sensible of t«lie great im- portance of the present debate, appointed that a solemn prayer to Uod for 1734.] SYXOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 109 assistance and direction be made before we enter upon the consideration of it, and another prayer before we proceed to a vote, which were accordingly done; and after the most critical examination of the affair, and the solemn imploring the divine assistance, the matter was put to vote, and carried against Mr. Cross's transportation. Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. At four o'doch, post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read. Mr. Xutman's affair still continued; and the affair of the fund continued; and the affair of Mr. Gilbert Tennent, respecting the overtures brought in by him, continued till Monday, P. M. The Rev. Mr. Samuel Hemphill, being recommended by the Presbytery of Straban, in Ireland, to all their reverend brethren, where the providence of God shall call him, and he also bringing ample and satisfactory certificates from the same Presbytery, of his qualifications for and ordination to the sacred ministry, he is, upon his desire, admitted a member of this Synod, and recom- mended to the regards and assistance of whichsoever of our Presbyteries his abode shall be fixed among. An appeal being brought in by Masters John Kirkpatrick and John Moor, from the Presbytery of Dunagall, the Synod appointed that Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, William Tennent, Richard Treat, Alexander Hutchinson, George Gillespie, Thomas Evans, and Henry Hook, be a committee to meet at Not- tingham on the first Wednesday of November next, to hear the said appeal, and to determine it by the authority of the Synod, they bringing an account of their transactions therein to the next Synod. And the Synod do also em- power the said committee to hear any matter de novo, that shall be brought before them by the said John Kirkpatrick and John Moor, with relation to the affair aforesaid, and authoritatively determine thereupon ; appointing also, that if either party do appeal from the determination of the said committee, they shall enter their appeal immediately, that it may be finally determined by the next Synod. Adjourned to Monday at ten o'clock, A. M. 23 dai/, at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read. The affair of the fund yet continued. Ordered, That Messrs. Anderson, Thomson, Dickinson, and Cross, draw up an overture upon Mr. Gilbert Tennent's overtures, to be presented to the Synod to-morrow morning. Ordered, That the Synod make a particular inquiry during the time of their meeting e^-ery year, whether such ministers as have been received as mem- bers since the foregoing meeting of the Synod, have adopted, or have been re- quired by the Synod, or by the respective Presbyteries, to adopt the West- minster Confession and Catechisms with the Directory, according to the acts of the Synod made some years since for that purpose, and that also the report made to the Synod in answer to said inquiry, be recorded in our minutes. Mr. Samuel Pumry, Mr. James Martin, Mr. Robert Jamison, and Mr. Samuel Hemphill, declared for, and adopted, the AYestminster Confession, Catechisms, and Directory commonly annexed, the former as the confession of their faith, and the latter as the guide of their practice in matters of discipline, as far as may be agreeable to the rules of prudence, &c. as in the adopting acts of this Synod is directed. Pursuant to act of Synod, found upon inquiry that Mr. William Tennent, junior, Mr. Andrew Archbold ordained, and Mr. Samuel Blair licensed, did 110 MINUTES OF THE [1734. each and every of them declare their assent and consent to the "Westminster Confession and Catechisms, and Directory annexed, according to the intent of the act of Synod in that case made and provided. Resolved, That the affair of Mr. Nutman, from time to time continued, be first considered the next sriis nd Kti/utcm ? and that he preach a popular sermon upon Horn. xi. G. And the Synod do 1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. IIT order that the congregation be publicly notified of the appointment, by reading this minute to them on the preceding Lord's day, that if any persons have any thing to object against said proceeding, they may be prepared to lay it before the committee. Ordered, That the committee of the Synod meet at three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Adjourned to ten of the clock, Monday morning. 22d day at ten o'clock, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That the minutes of the last sederunt be read. Upon calling over the roll, it being found that many of the elders have gone home without leaving any reasons for their so doing ; the Synod do order, that such elders as do withdraw from the Synod without leave, shall be left to the censure of their sessions, and report made thereof to the next Synod. And the Synod do recommend it to the several congregations to defray the necessary charges that their elders be at during their attendance upon the Synod. The affair of the commission reassumed. The Synod having notified Mr. Hemphill, that they intend this day to enter upon his affair, and he not appearing but sending a disrespectful and contemp- tuous letter in the following words : '' To the Rev. members of the Synod : ^ '' By way of answer to the notification which I received Saturday last, I have only to observe, that the dispute between the Synod and me being made public in the world, which was first begun by the commission, what I have at present to offer to the Synod, is contained in an answer to the vindication of the reverend commission now in the press, and will be speedily published, and that I despise the Synod's claim of authority. Your humble servant, " Samuel Hemphill, " Monday morning. " P. S. I shall think you will do me a deal of honour, if you entirely ex- communicate me." The Synod, from the consideration of his contumacy in his errors, his dis- regard of the censure of the commission, and rejecting our communion, do declare him unqualified for any future exercise of his ministry within our bounds, and that this be intimated to all our congregations by each respective minister. Approved nemine contradicente. The brethren appointed to justify the commission against any complaints from Mr. Hemphill, if he should publish any such, having complied with the commission's order in that matter, are desired by the Synod to continue to answer any further publications of Mr. Hemphill's or his friends in that cause, if they shall think it necessary. And it is ordered, that the charge of it shall be defrayed out of the fund. Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. The minutes of the last sederunt ordered to be read. An overture being brought into the Synod from Mr. Hook, Mr. Stevenson, Mr. Jamison, and Mr. Martin, desiring that they might be set off from New Castle Presbytery and erected into a Presbytery of themselves ; the Synod do agree that they become a Presbytery under the name of the Presbytery of Lewis-Town, and do order them to meet and constitute the 19th day of No- vember next, at Lewis-Town. Upon a motion made by a member, the Synod do agree that if any of our 118 MINUTES OF THE [1735. members shall see cause to prepare any thing for the press upon any contro- versy in religious matters, that before such member publish what he hath thus prepared, be shall submit the same to be perused by persons to be appointed for that purpose, and that Messrs. Andrews, Dickinson, Hubert Cross, Pem- berton, and Pierson, be appointed for this purpose in the bounds of the Synod to the northward of IMiihidelphia; and Messrs. Anderson, Thomas Evans, Cathcart, Stevenson, and Thomson, in the bounds of the Synod southward of Philadelphia. Any throe of each committee to be a quorum. Approved. An overture from , humbly oflfered to the consideration of the reverend Synod. The present state of the church of Christ, in respect of the great and almost universal deluge of pernicious errors and damnable doctrines that so boldly threaten to overthrow the Christian world, doth, we think, afford matter of very deep and serious exercise unto all considering persons, who have the interest of our Lord's kingdom at their heart ; and were it not for the sure, firm, and comfortable promises contained in the infallible records of truth, the pre- sent appearance of things might be thought to presage a most fatal subversion of the kingdom of our Lord, by the success of the kingdom of darkness against it, and so discourage and dispirit the hearts of the true friends and loyal sub- jects of our exalted Lord. IJut blessed be his name, he is still King in Zion and to the ends of the earth, and will not suffer this so grievous an evil to pre- vail one handsbreadth further nor one minute longer than the measure and time appointed for it; for known unto God are all his works from the creation of the world. However, it would seem that the present obvious state of things doth call for something at our hands, more than in a time of prevailing truth and purity in the church. It should seenu that when so many wolves in sheep's clothing are invading the flocks of Christ every where in the world, we who are pas- tors by office and station should exert ourselves in an active and vigilant man- ner for the safety and preservation of our flocks committed to our care, from the assaults of these devouring monsters that arc numerous abroad in the world. Surely the late bold assault that hath been made upon us, though blessed be God, without the desired and expected success, as yet, should put us to our arms and excite us with care and diligence to put ourselves in a pos- ture of defence against all future attempts. To this purpose we would humbly propose the following overture as an expedient to prevent the evil of such attempts, viz : That seeing we are likely to have the most of our supply of ministers to fill our vacancies from the north of Ireland, and seeing it is too evident to be denied and called in question, that yre are in great danger of being imposed upon by ministers and preachers from thence, though sufiiciently furnished with all formalities of Presbyterial cre- dentials, as in the ca.sc of 3Ir. II 11; and seeing also what was done last year may be done this year and the year following, viz : we are still liable to be imposed upon by such credentials ; upon these and the like considerations, we humbly overture to this reverend Synod, to make an order to the following purpose : Ist. That no minister or probationer coming in among us from Europe, be allowed to preach in vacant congregations until first his credentials and recom- mendations be seen and approven by the Presbytery unto which such con- gregation doth most properly belong, and until he pri-ach with ajiprohatiou before said Presbytery, and sul).«eribe or adopt the Westminster ('onfessiou of Faith and (Jafechisms, before said Presbytery, in manner and form as they have done; and that no minister employ such to preach in his pulpit until he see his credentials, and be satisfied, as far as may be, of his firm attachment to said Confession, &c., in opposition to the new upstart doctrines and 1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. " 119 scliemes, particularly such as we condemned in Mr. H ll's sermons. And lest some strangers might suffer by the rigorous observation of this order, let it be thus qualified, viz : That the moderator and two of the members of each Presbytery be appointed as a standing committee to act presbyterially in that aifair as there may be occasion, and to be accountable to their respective Pres- byteries. 2dly. That no congregation be allowed to present a call to any such minister or probationer coming in among us, though never so well certified, until he have preached at least one full half year within the bounds of this Synod. odly. That no congregation be allowed to present a call to any minister or candidate whatsoever, unless some of the brethren, members of the Presbytery unto which said congregation doth belong, have been present with said people to concur with them and moderate in said call, having been previously appointed thereunto by the Presbytery, and that no minister take upon him to moderate in such a case without such an appointment. 4thly. That no student be received to enter upon trials, in order to his li- censing to preach, until he first repair unto the dwellings or lodgings of at least most of the ministers of the Presbytery to which he offers himself, and thereby give them an opportunity to take a view of his parts and behaviour. 5thly. That the Synod would bear testimony against the late too common, and now altogether unnecessary practice of some Presbyteries in the north of Ireland, viz : their ordaining men to the ministry sine titulo, immediately before they come over hither, thereby depriving us of our just rights, viz : that we unto whom they are designed to be co-presbyters, and among whom they design to bestow their labours, should have just and fair inspecting into their qualifi- cations ; we say that it seems necessary that the Synod bear testimony against such practice by writing home to the Greneral Synod, thereby signifying our dissatisfaction with the same. And further, that in said letter or writing to the General Synod of Ireland, that we earnestly desire, that when ministers or pro- bationers are about to come from thence to us, they would besides their Pres- byterial credentials, procure also private letters of recommendation from some brethren there, who are well known to some of our brethren here, to be firmly attached to our good old principles and schemes, inasmuch as the instance of Mr. H 11, and some other considerations to the same purpose, make us afraid lest we may again be imposed upon by men of his stamp, though furnished with all the formalities of Presbyterial credentials. The Synod do agree that no minister ordained in Ireland sine titulo, be for the future received to the ex- ercise of his ministry among us, until he submit to such trials, as the Presby- tery among whom he resides, shall think proper to order and appoint. And that the Synod do also advertise the General Synod in Ireland, that the ordain- ing any such to the ministry sine titulo, before their sending them hither for the future, will be very disagreeable and disobliging to us. And the Synod ap- point Mr. Robert Cross, Mr. Thomson, and Mr. Houston, to send the above overture and appointment to the General Synod in Ireland, inclosed in a proper letter unto them. Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 23c? day, at nine o'clock, A.M. post j^reces sederunt qui supra. A reference coming into the Synod from the Presbytery of East- Jersey, complaining of John McNeal's disingenuous conduct in relation to the settle- ment of Mr. Chalker in Bethlehem, and a supplication from said McNeal, containing several complaints against said Presbytery, in reference to their conduct in that affair, with several other papers from several parties concerned 120 MINUTES OF THE [1735. therein, •which were read, and all parties being heard what they had to offer, they were removed. And the Synod entering upon the consideration of the affair, do agree that Messrs. Thomson, Thomas Evans, Treat, and Martin, do meet and prepare an overture upon the whole, and bring it in to the Synod as goon as possible. Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. At three of the clock, P. M. postjircces sederunt qui supra. The members appointed to bring in an overture upon the affair of John McNeal above mentioned, did accordingly do it; and the Synod, after much discourse, do agree in the following particulars. 1st. That from what appears to us, the jealousies which John McNeal had conceived concerning 3Ir. Chalker, as being averse from conforming to the order of the Synod in respect of our adopting the AVestminster Confession, were altogether groundless. 2dly. It appears more than probable, that these groundless jealousies too industriously spread and propagated among the people of Wallkill, have been a principal cause of all the difference which hath fallen out between them and Mr. Chalker. 3dly. That John McNeal hath acted a very disingenuous and sinful part, in seeming to concur with and approve of the motion of ordaining Mr. Chalker at New York, and then immediately after to practise upon the people of Wall- kill at home, to discourage them from adhering to their formerly declared desires of having Mr. Chalker settled among them. The degree of censure to be a rebuke from the Moderator. 4thly. That as we can see no ground of charging the people of Bethlehem or Mr. Chalker with breaking of covenant with the people of Wallkill, so we are of the mind that what of that kind the people of Wallkill were guilty of, which principally appears in their letter or remonstrance to the Presbytery, was chiefly if not wholly owing to John McNeal's industrious spreading his jealousies as above, and possessing the people of Wallkill with them. 5thly. That seeing Mr. Chalker did transport his family from Long-Island to the High-Lands, being encouraged thereto by the people of Wallkill, as well as Bethlehem, with a view of being fixed as pastor of both congregations ; therefore we judge that in justice, that people are obliged to contribute accord- ing to agreement, to the discharging the expenses of said transportation, be- sides satisfaction fur the .'jupplies which he gave. And we earnestly exhort said people to comply with the design of this minute, that so they may clear their own way, fur tlicir being regularly provided with a niiiiistor as their cir- cumstances will afford, which we judge they are not (jualitied for, until they, or as many of them as will be a competent congregation, fit to join in the call- ing of a minister, shall comply with this order; yet, in the mean time, we judge them capable of being supplied by preaching, and not to bo excluded from scaling ordinances. We also earnestly exhort them to lay aside all their jealousies and prejudices arising therefrom, and cordially accept of Mr. (Jhalker for their pastor, according to the first agreement, until such time as they may be in a better condition to support a minister of their own. Gthly. The Synod do also think the Presbytery was too hasty in tlicir pro- ceeding to Mr. Chalker's ordination in so short a time after the presentation of his call and trials, and cannot approve of its being performed at such a dis- tance from the people where he was to officiate. The alioveinentioned rebuke was given by the moderator, according to order, and said McNeal professed submission to it. A supplication being brought in by the people of Gloucester, representing 1735.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. " 121 their sad and deplorable circumstances, and desiring the Synod to provide them a minister and some supplies, the Synod recommended it to the consideration of the Presbytery of Philadelphia to look after that affair, and use their dili- gence to send for a minister for them as speedily as they can, and in the mean time to provide them all possible supplies. A supplication being brought into the Synod from one part of the Presby- terian congregation of Philadelphia, desiring Mr. Robert Cross to be granted them for their minister, with another paper to strengthen the supplication ; and also another supplication from another part of said congregation, desiring Mr. Jonathan Dickinson to be their minister ; the Synod not having time to issue that affair at the present, do defer the consideration of it till to-morrow morning. Adjourned to nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 24:th day^ at nine o^ clock, post preces sederunt qui supra. A supplication being brought into the Synod by John Boyd, by way of an appeal from the Presbytery of Donegall, in a complaint against Samuel Jack ; the Synod do commit it to Messrs. Andrews, Treat, David Evans, Grillespie, Houston, and Thomas Evans, to go to the Upper Octorara the last Tuesday of October, and consider and determine of the business, and that any three of these to be a quorum ; and it is recommended to the ministers to take elders with them if they can. The Presbytery book of Donegall was brought in and approved. The affair of Philadelphia reassumed, and after much discourse upon the affair, the further consideration of it deferred till next sederunt. The west part of Hanover having applied to the Synod for the ordination of Mr. Cleverly, the Synod do order it to be left to the Presbytery of Phila- delphia. The persons appointed to bring in a letter to be sent to the Synod of Ireland, brought in said letter and it was approved. Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. 31. post preces sederunt qui supra. The letter to Col. Ogden to be brought in by Messrs. Pemberton and Dick- inson, was brought in and approved. An account of the fund was brought in according to a foregoing order, and the sum total found to be five hundred twenty-four pounds, eighteen shillings and five pence. The affair of Philadelphia reassumed, and a new supplication being brought into the Synod from that part of the congregation which desired Mr. Cross for their minister, desiring to be erected into a new congregation, capable to call a minister for themselves j the motion being entirely new to the Synod, and the parties not being prepared to go on in that matter, they do defer the consideration of it till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till eight of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 25th day, at eight o^ clock, post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of Philadelphia reassumed. John Frame produced the subscrip- tion of a considerable number of hands to the supplication put in yesterday, and all parties were heard what they had to say at length, in reference to the 16 122 MINUTES OF THE [1736. whole affair, and they being removed, the Synod spent considerable time ia debate upon tbe affair, and at last agreed that it should be put to the vote, a new erection or not; and it was carried in the affirmative by a great majo- rity. Mr. John Smith, of Bethlehem, iu the High-Lands of New York, de- sired that his dissent might be entered in our minutes. The I'resbytery book of riiiladolphia was brought in and approved. Adjourned till two o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At two of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui sujyra. A motion being made by some members of the congregation of Philadel- phia, showing their great dissatisfaction at the judgment of the Synod in erect- ing them into two separate congregations, and desiring they would review the affair, the Synod having reasoned much upon the matter at last came to agree that the judgment should be reviewed ; and, accordingly, the Synod, in order to their obtaining of more light, took occasion to discourse with several per- sons of both parts of the congregation, and then all parties being removed, it was put to the vote, whether we should reverse the judgment whereby we erected a part of this congregation into a distinct society, and it was carried in the negative. Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Webb, Elmer, Chalker, and Wales, desired their dissent to be entered in our minutes ; and then, after some discourse, the Synod do agree, that the above judgment is not to be under- stood as designed to oblige said people to erect them-selves now into a distinct society, but only that the Synod allow them so to do. And if said people shall see cause to continue united with the other part of the congregation as heretofore, they are also at their liberty. The Synod do also agree, that if said new erected congregation shall think fit to put the above granted liberty of being erected, into practice, then they are to notify the moderator of the commission, who upon such notification is hereby ordered to call the commis- sion together as soon as conveniently may be, to order supplies for said new erection, and to give them directions as they shall judge meet for their being provided with a minister. Adjourned to the third Wednesday of next September. Concluded with prayer. 1736. At a meeting of tbe Synod, 7br. 15, 1736. Uhi post 2ireces sederunt Ministers : Messrs. Thomas Craighead, Jedidiah Andrews, John Thomson, James Anderson, Richard Treat, Joseph Houston, Robert Cathcart, Adam Boyd, Robert Cross, Robert Jamison, Ebenezer (jloold, Hugh Stevenson, Hugh Carlisle, James Martin, William Bertram, Alexander Craighead, John Paul, William Tennent, William Tcnnent, junior, David Evans. Elders: Messrs. William (Jray, Andrew Hamilton, James Cook, Cliarles Hufty, Robert MeCleland, William Mitchell, John Allen, James Calbreath, William Sharron, Richard Walker, John ilenderson, Daniel Wcscott, Ministers absent: Mes.srs. (Jillespic, J'umry, Dickinson, Pierson, Webb, Pemberton, Hubbell, Horton, John Cross, Chalker, Gilbert Tennent, Blair, Wales, Morgan, Thomas Evans, Hook, Hutchinson, Conn, Orme, (jlascow, Nutman. Mr. Adam Boyd chosen moderator, and Mr. John Thomson clerk. Mr. Robert Cross, last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on 1 Cor. iii. II. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock. 1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. " 123 16 day, at evjlit of the doclc. Post preces sederunt qui supra. It being reported by the Presbytery of Donegall, that Mr. Orr having ob- tained a dismission from his congregation, did soon after disorderly desert the bounds of that Presbytery as a fugitive of discipline, it is ordered, that his name be rased out of the catalogue. No reasons appeared for Mr. Gilbert Tennent's last year's absence. Mr. Hook sent a letter of excuse for his absence, which was not sustained. The members of that Presbytery are ordered to intimate to Mr. Hook that if, for the future, he shall absent himself in like manner, unless his reasons be more weighty, he will be noticed with more severity. No reasons appeared for Mr. Hubbell's absence last year, nor for Mr. Gil- bert Tennent's and Pumry's. Reasons for Mr. Pierson's, Mr. Gilbert Tennent's, Blair's, Morgan's, Thomas Evan's, absence now, were sustained. Messrs. Anderson, Thomson, Andrews, Jamison, Houston, Robert Cross, and the moderator, be a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod shall recommend to them. The Presbyterial books of the Presbyteries of New Castle, Donegall, Lewis, and East Jersey, were not brought. Mr. Cathcart, and Mr. Tennent, junior, ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia. • Messrs. Thomson, Anderson, Houston, Cathcart, Martin, Alexander Craig- head, William Tennent, senior and junior, report that they have brought something for the fund. The Synod taking notice that whatever members of the Synod bring to the fund those years wherein they attend the Synod, there is no care taken by any of them to procure and send any contributions thereunto those years in which they are absent ; and in order to make up this defect, the Synod orders that every Presbytery within our bounds, oblige their respective members to be provided with their respective contributions in due season, before the meeting of the Synod yearly, in order that if any of their members should be neces- sarily absent from the Synod, their contributions may, notwithstanding, be sent to the Synod. Messrs. Andrews, Anderson, Thomson, Gillespie, Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson, Thomas Evans, Robert Cross, Martin, and the moderator, are ap- pointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing. The Presbytery of Donegall report that Mr. Alexander Craighead was last winter ordained to the work of the ministry, and at that time did adopt the Westminster Confession of Faith, &c. ; and also, both he »nd Mr. John Paul, lately from Ireland, having now heard the several resolutions and acts of the Synod in relation to the adopting said Confession, &c. did, before the Synod, declare their agreement thereunto. Also Mr. John Madowell, a probationer from Ireland, producing his credentials from the Presbytery of Temple Pat- rick, and session of Dunagor, together with various letters of recommendation from several brethren of note in the north of Ireland, all which were sustained and approven, and accordingly he was received by the Synod as a probationer, and recommended to the kind entertainment and encouragement of any Pres- bytery within our bounds to which he may be disposed to oiFer himself. Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the end of the session. The members who were appointed last year by the Synod to inquire into the scandalous reports of Mr. Gelston's misbehaviour in the High-Lands of New York, did as appointed, and sent an account of what discovery they could make of those matters to the Presbyteries of Donegall and New Castle, 124 MINUTES OF THE [1736. who some time after met, and did take off the suspension from Mr. Gclston and restore him again to the exercise of his ministry. Mr. Cross also, toge- ther with the members of the committee appointed to take Mr. Tudor's trials, viz. Messrs. l*umry and (Mialker, &c. did meet according to appointment, but did not ordain said Mr. Tudor, because of his insufficiency. Mr. Webb, Mr. Nutman, Mr. James Cross, being appointed members of said committee did not attend. The Presbytery of Lewis did erect themselves according to order of Synod last year. It is reported by the Presbytery of Lewis that Mr. Patrick Glason, after passing through ordinary trials, and adopting the Westminster Confession, &c. was licensed to preach the gospel, and in pursuance of a call from the peo- ple and congregation of Monokin, in Somerset, in Maryland, and after the usual steps and trials in such cases, and a reported declaration of his adopting the Westminster Confession, &c. he was ordained a minister of the gospel and pastor of said people of Monokin. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three of the docic, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The account of the fund not yet brought in. It is reported by the members of New Castle Presbytery that Mr. Andrew Archbold being under a fama clamosa of uncleanness with a certain young woman of his own congregation, and the Presbytery meeting, ^>;-o 7-c nata, oa that occasion, and not having light to come to a judgment at first, appointed therefore another meeting the week following, to inquire further into the truth of said report, but Mr. Archbold not appearing to justify himself, and a depo- sition of another young woman in the neighbourhood signifying that she was with child by him, with many other presumptions of guilt; upon this the Presbytery laid him under suspension until he should appear and justify him- self, since which time he hath wholly absconded. The committee appointed to meet at Upper Oetorara to inquire into the merits of an appeal of John Boyd, of said Oetorara, from the judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, did meet according to appointment, and produced the minutes of their proceedings in that affair, which were read and approved, and ordered to be kept in rctentis. The proceedings of the commission of the Synod, which met here in June last to act in the affair of the new erected congregation in this city, are ordered to be inserted into our minutes, and are as foUoweth.* * At a commission of the Synod held at Philadelphia, On the 17 ih day of June, 173G. Post precea sederunt. Messrs. Robert Cross moderator, John Thomson, James Anderson, and Thomas Evans, members present. Thoma.H Evans chosen clerk. Messrs. Jediiliah Andrews, Thomas Craighead, George Qillespie, Jonathan Dickinson, Ebenezer I'emberton, and John I'ierson, absent. A letter of excuse being come to hand from Mes.srs. Dickinson, Pierson, and Pember- ton, for their absence, was read, and the reasons of their absence sustained. The commission now meeting, at the instance of the people allowed to form fliemsclves into a new erection, it was ordered, that the minutes of our Synod relating to said erec- tion, be read, which was done. A supplication from the said erection, or separate society, in Philadelphia, being pre- sented to the commission, wherein representing the unsucccssfulness of the endeavours they had hitherto used in order to a re-union with the other part of the congregation, they requcBted for supplies. The commission judging that a re-union of said separate 1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 125 The appointments of the Synod in reference to supplying the new erection, were fulfilled. A supplication from the people of the new erection in this city desiring us to appoint one of our members to moderate in their drawing up a call to society -with the rest of the congregation, if it could be possibly obtained on satisfactory terms to both parties, is much more desirable, as things now appear, thought it expedient to defer the consideration of said request for supplies, until some proper measures be taken to make a trial towards the desired re-union. Accordingly, upon our signification of this our mind to the party present, and our pressing them to do their part towards said re-union, they condescended so far as to declare a willingness to have a conference with the other part of the congregation on that head. Upon which it was agreed, iu order to obtain said conference, that Messrs. Cross and Evans should acquaint Mr. An- drews, and some of the principal members of the other part of the congregation, with our desire of the same, and that every member of the commission should use their en- deavours as opportunity offers towards effecting said union. Adjourned till ten of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 18th day, at ten of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Craighead being now present gave the reasons of his absence yesterday, which were sustained. Upon reading yesterday's order of acquainting Mr. Andrews, and some others of his now congregation, with our desire of using endeavours in order to make trial for the aforesaid re-union, the moderator reported that he and Mr. Evans had been with Andrews as appointed, and that Mr. Andrews heartily approved of the design, and accordingly fell in with it so far as to offer to propose the same to the members of his committee, which he did, and they, upon Mr. Andrews's motion, met, and after some conference among themselves about the matter, the result they came to was sent in writing to Mr. Andrews, in order to acquaint us with the contents thereof, the copy whereof is as fol- loweth, viz. Philadelphia, June \8th, 1736. The committee thinks it very strange that the commission of the Synod, who were called here without the knowledge of the committee, should send any messages to the committee concerning the uniting the two little congregations of Presbyterians in this city, (though a thing much to be desired by all good men,) because the committee have lately been informed that the sole business of the commission now was to appoint minis- ters to preach to the congregation which the Synod most deliberately gave leave to sepa- rate and make a new erection. And the committee are also informed that the said con- gregation have provided a place which they are at this time fitting up for their purpose, and it is still more strange, considering the major part of the commission were the most active in contriving and bringing about the separation, notwithstanding some members of the committee pleaded so much against it, and showed such a dislike to their proceed- ings. And the committee are of the opinion, that they should not interfere with an affair belonging to another congregation. A copy of the result of the committee sent by John Snowden, William Gray, William Spafford, George Sharswood, Thomas Powell, Edward Shippen. The commission having read and considered the above result, do judge the import thereof to be, that the committee does look upon those persons who were allowed by the last Synod to erect themselves into a separate society, to be a distinct congregation from them, and therefore decline to have any conference with them in order to re-union. The commission having deliberately considered the circumstances of the whole affair, do conclude that, (at least at present,) there is no probability of a re-union between the old congregation of this city and the new erection, and therefore do conclude that our way is now clear to order supplies to the said new erection, in compliance not only with the direction of the Synod in September last to that purpose, but also the earnest and repeated desires of said people, they having been industrious to prepare a house for the public worship of God among them. Adjourned till four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At four o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. A supplication from the abovesaid new erection, requesting that they might be supplied 126 MINUTES OF THE [1736. a minister, was read, the consideration of which deferred till to-morrow morning. A paper from Mr. Henry Hunter, representing grievances in his present condition, and desiring the Synod's advice and assistance in reference thereunto, was produced and read, the consideration hereof deferred till to-morrow. A supplication from the people of I'axtou and Derry to the Synod, is re- ferred to the committee of the fund, &c. which is to meet at eight o'clock, to- morrow morning. Adjourned till ten of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 17//i d^i/) o' ^("^ o'clock, post preccs sederunt qui supra. The account of the fund is not yet brought in. The supplication from the new erection in this city came under considera- tion, and after some reasoning about the matter, it being put to the vote whether their request should be granted, it was carried in the affirmative by a great majority, and Mr. Thomson was appointed to moderate and assist that people in drawing up a call to any minister about whom they shall agree. Mr. Hunter's affair came under consideration, and his paper was read a second time. Ordered, That the minutes of the Presbytery of Lewis be also read, which was done. Both Mr. Hunter and the members of the Pres- bytery of Lewis, offered a great deal in order to clearing the matter. After some debates it was moved, that all but members should remove, and then the Synod entered upon a serious debate about the whole affair. Mr. Hunter being called in and being interrogated, produced his credentials, which were known by some persons present to be genuine. It is recommended to Mr. Andrews, Mr. Anderson, Mr. Elmer, and Mr. Thomson, to endeavour to draw up an overture upon the whole affair, to be brought in against the after- noon. Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. The account of the fund not yet brought in. The members appointed to draw up an overture on Mr. Hunter's affair, report that they have not done any thing in that affair, on account that they did not agree in their judgments. The further consideration of that affair deferred till afterwards. An overture of the committee upon the supplication of the people of Paxton and Derry, was brought in and is as followeth. That the Synod do declare, that inasmuch as we understand that many persons of our persuasion, both more lately and formerly, have been offended with some expressions or dis- tinctioDS in the first or preliminary act of our Synod, contained in the printed until next Synod by the Rev. MesBrs. Robert Cross, .Tames Andenson, and Francis Ali- 8on, or any others whom the commission shmilil think proper. It was ordered, that Messrs. .Anderson and Cross supply them next Suhhath, and Mr. Cross tlie next Saljbath following, Mr. Alison the four Sabbaths in .July, Mr. ruul the three first Sabbaths of August, .Mr. IMack the two last Sabbaths of August, and the first Sabbath of September, Mr. Cross the second Sabbath of S('[)teinber. Ordered, That the moderator write a letter to Messrs. Alison, Paul, and Black, to ac- quaint them with the.so apjiointmcnts. The peojde of the new erection being called in, and the above orders being read ia their hearing, they cheerfully and thankfully acjuiesced in the same, and being exhor- ted by the nuxlerator to behave themselves chrislianly, modestly, and humbly, under the present encouraging turn of I>ivine Providence so much in their favour, they were disuisaed, and the present meeting of the comuiisiiioa concluded with prayer. 1736.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 127 paper, relating to our receiving or adopting the Westminster Confession and Catechisms, &c : That in order to remove said offence, and all jealousies that have arisen or may arise in any of our people's minds, on occasion of said distinctions and expressions, the Synod doth declare, that the Synod have adopted and still do adhere to the Westminster Confession, Catechisms, and Directory, without the least variation or alteration, and without any regard to said distinctions. And we do further declare, that this was our meaning and true intent in our first adopting of said Confession, as may particularly ap- pear by our adopting act which is as followeth : All the ministers of the Synod now present, (which were eighteen in number, except one that declared himself not prepai-ed,) after proposing all the scruples any of them had to make against any articles and expressions in the Confession of Faith, and Larger and Shorter Catechisms of the Assembly of Divines at Westminster, have unanimously agreed in the solution of these scruples, and in declaring the said Confession and Catechisms to be the confession of their faith, except only some clauses in the twentieth and twenty-third chapters, concerning which clauses the Synod do unanimously declare, that they do not receive these articles in any such sense as to suppose the civil magistrate hath a controlling power over Synods with respect to the exercise of their ministerial authority, or power to persecute any for their religion, or in any sense contrary to the Protestant succession to the throne of Great Britain. And we hope and desire, that this our Synodical declaration and explication may satisfy all our people, as to our firm attachment to our good old received doctrines contained in said confession, without the least variation or alteration, and that they will lay aside their jealousies that have been entertained through occasion of the above hinted expressions and declarations as groundless. This overture approved nemine contradicente. An appeal of some of Mr. Tennent's people from the judgment of the Pres- bytery of Philadelphia, was brought in and read; together with a supplication from said persons to the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and their judgment upon it. After that Mr. Tennent, the appellants, and the members of the Presby- tery of Philadelphia, were heard at length, at last all parties were ordered to remove, and the Synod entered upon a debate upon this affair, and at last agreed in the following unanimous judgment, viz : That it appears evident to this Synod, that Mr. Tennent having in all respects acted, and been esteemed, and looked upon, not only by this Synod, but also by the congregation of Neshaminy, and particularly by the appellants themselves, as the minister and pastor of the people of Neshaminy, that he is still to be esteemed as the pastor of that people, notwithstanding the want of a formal instalment among them, (which omission, though the Synod doth not justify, yet it is far from nullifying the pastoral relation between Mr. Tennent and said people,) and consequently that the Synod doth justify the judgment of the Presbytery of Philadelphia in reference to that matter, and that said appellants had no just cause of complaining against or appealing from said judgment of the Presbytery. Mr. Bertram is allowed to depart on account of his indisposition. The committee ordered to meet at eight o'clock, to-morrow morning. Adjourned till ten of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 18^A day at ten o'docJc, A. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. The account of the fund not yet brought in. Mr. Hunter's affair reassumed, and after much discourse and several ques- tions asked at Mr. Hunter, together with his answers being heard, and Mr. 128 MINUTES OF THE [1736. Hunter and all hut members being removed, the Synod entered upon a serious debate about what we have beard, and after spending considerable time, at last it was agreed tbat Mr. Thomson and Mr. Cross shall each endeavour to prepare an overture upon this affair, to be brought in, in order to be approven against the afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At 3 o'clock, P. M. 'post preces sederunt qui siq)ra. The affair of the fund continued. The affair of Mr. Hunter reassumed, and Mr. Cross and Mr. Thomson brought in their overtures, which were very parallel, and the substance as approved by the Synod was as followed. The Synod having maturely weighed and considered the following particu- lars, viz : 1. That Mr. Henry Hunter has his credentials from the Presbytery of Antrim, which has separated from the Synod of Ireland, and with whom we have no communion, when he might have easily applied to other Presby- teries. 2. That he brought with him thence a certain instrument in writing, de- claring him capable of administering the sacraments of the New Testament; when he himself acknowledges that he was not set apart to the work of the ministry by the imposition of hands or any of the rites of ordination. 3. That he acknowledges the design of getting the above instrument or cer- tificate was, that if he should meet with any people of his principles that would entertain him as their pastor, he would have accepted the pastoral charge of them under that circumstance. 4. That when Mr. Hunter was asked before the Synod, whether he had any other papers or certificates besides that of his license, he said he had none, and yet afterwards owned he had the abovesaid paper or instrument. 5. That it appears probable to the Synod, that he had been forming a design, and that money hath been given for him to go to the Bishop of Lon- don for ordination. These things, together with the great prevarication he hath been guilty of, and the disregard he hath shown to our discipline and government, and the ground we have to suspect his principles, have deter- mined the Synod to come to the following conclusion, viz : not to receive or entertain the said Mr. Hunter as a probationer or minister among us at present. Approved neminc contradiccnte. The above judgment being read unto Mr. Hunter, he applied unto the Synod fur advice how to behave under his present circumstances ; to which the moderator replied in the name of the Synod, that they would give him an answer against Monday next. A call from the new erection of this city to the Rev. Mr. Robert Cross, together with a supplication to the Synod, containing their reasons or argu- ments to move the Synod to concur with the design of said call, were read, and the consideration hereof is deferred until Monday morning, at ten of the clock. The committee for the fund to meet at nine o'clock on Monday morning. Adjourned till ten of the clock on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer. 20Ir. Henry Ilook, last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from John xxi. 14. Mr. Richard Treat chosen moderator, and I^Ir. Francis Alison clerk. Messrs. Elmer, Cowel, Craighead, Pierson, Dickinson, I'emberton, Horton, Webb, and Nutman, gave reasons for their absence last year, which were sustained. Messrs. Thomson, Andrews, Dickinson, Pemberton, Boyd, Gillespie, Ander- son, Martin, and the moderator, appointed for a committee for the fund, and any other business the Synod shall recommend to them. The Presbytery books of Lewis and East Jersey were not brought. Messrs. Houston and Hook ordered to revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia ; Messrs. Paul and Martin to revise the I'rcsbytery book of New Castle ; Messrs. John Cross and William Teuncnt, jun'r, to revise the Presbytery book of Dunagall. The Presbytery of Long-Island being reduced so that a quorum cannot statedly meet about business, it is ordered, that they be united to the Presby- tery of East-Jersey, and to be henceforth known by the name of the Presbytery of New York. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 2ot7i day, at nine ddoch, A. M. post preces sederunt qui siijn-a. The Synod taking the state of the fund into consideration, and finding that many congregations are deficient in contributing to so good a design, and that ministers have not been so careful as they might be in proposing and endeav- ouring that thing, it is unanimously agreed by all the members of the Synod, that every minister shall either seasonably propose the affair, and read the Synod's letter to their respective congregations, and appoint a day for a public collection, if there be occasion for such a step to carry on the design, or oblige themselves to pay out of their own proper estates ten shillings to the fund ; and that every Presbytery take care that their respective members, observe an order made in the year 17oG, (directing absent members to send collections,) and that they, as soon as possible, notify what is now done to all tlie absent members. And seeing that the respective congregations of the Synod contri- bute to the fund, and have a right to know how what is collected is disposed of and managed, ordered, ntm. eon. that there be a minister and an elder out of every Presbytery, appointed to be members of the committee for the fund. And in pursuance of this order, the following ciders are appointed for this year in conjunction witii the ministers before mentioned, namely, William Gray, Robert Finney, Richard Alison, James 31cCoy. Messrs. Anderson, Andrews, Thomson, (Jillcspie, Dickinson, Penil)erton, Pierson, Robert Cress, Thomas Evans, Boyd, Martin, and the UKulerator, appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing, and that they endeavour to bring ciders with them if they have occasion to meet, and that any five of these members be a quorum. It is reported that Mr. Charles Tennent, in the Presbytery of New Castle, Mr. Aaron Burr and Mr. Walter Wilmott, in the Presbytery of New York, were, after the usual trials, ordained since the last Syuod, and that they did 1738.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 137 all of them adopt the Westminster Confession, &c. according to order of this Synod. Ordered, That an account of the fund be brought in before the Synod break up. The committee appointed by the Synod to meet at Maidenhead and inquire into Mr. Morgan's affair, met according to appointment, and the minutes of their proceedings being read and approved, were ordered to be inserted in the Synod book, and they are as follows :* A petition with some papers being sent by Mr. Morgan to the Synod, after reading the petition, they referred the consideration of said papers to the com- mittee. It is reported that Mr. Kobert Cross was installed since our last, according to the Synod's appointment, and that the two congregations in Philadelphia were since united. It was overtured by some members, that some order should be made to pre- vent irregularities that may arise in our churches, by some ministers and pro- bationers preaching to vacant congregations without the bounds of their respec- tive Presbyteries, without allowance from the Presbytery under whose care the said vacant congregations may be. This was debated for some time, and de- ferred till next sederunt. Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. * "At a meeting of the Presbytery of Philadelphia and East-Jersey, (being a commit- tee appointed by the Synod to transact in the affair of Mr. Morgan,) on the first Wed- nesday of August, at Maidenhead, 1737, uhi post preces sederunt: Members of the Pres- bytery of Philadelphia : Mr. Jedidiah Andrews, Mr. David Evans, Mr. Richard Treat, Mr. David Cowell, and Mr. Hugh Carlile. Members of East-Jersey Presbytery : Mr. William Tennent, jun'r. Mr. John Nutman, and Mr. Samuel Blair. Elders : John Snow- den, David Rhee, Stoffel Longstreat, and Nathaniel Brittin. Mr. Andrews chosen mod- erator, and Mr. Treat clerk. Mr. Treat opened the committee by a sermon on John xii. 26. The committee entered upon the affair of jNIr. Morgan, and read the minute of the Synod that commissioned them for said business ; and finding that the terms of Mr. Morgan's suspension being taken off were these, viz : There not appearing any new ac- cusations against him, and his giving them sensible evidence of his repentance, the com- mittee proceeded to inquire whether any new accusations were to be brought in against him. Upon which several evidences were given in to the committee, one from William Brittin in writing, and another from Nathaniel Brittin, and another from James Cham- bers, vivii voce, which were taken down in writing ; (which are all kept in retcuiis, ) after this the committee adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. "ith day, at eight o'clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. " The affair of Mr. Morgan being resumed, the committee proceeded according to di- rection to inquire into the signs of his repentance, and after a long conference with him in private, the committee entered into a serious debate about the matter, in order to come to a judgment. And after much time spent in the business, without coming to any conclusion, they adjourned to four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. ^' At four o'clock, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra. "The committee re-entered upon the consideration of Mr. Morgan's affair, and began with a conference again with him. And after Mr. Morgan was withdrawn, they came to an inquiry among themselves, what conclusion they could come into about the pre- mises ; and after the deepest consideration, and most serious deliberation, they unani- mously judged, that inasmuch as some new and express accusations have been brought against liim since the order of last Synod, and in all our conference with Mr. ^lorgan, he gave us no sufficient evidence of his repentance, but still continues to deny the most material and notorious instances of the things formerly proved against him, they cannot see cause to take off the suspension, but judge it their bounden duty to continue it as before. Concluded with prayer." 18 V 138 MINUTES OF THE [1738. g. At three of the clock, P. M. Post preccs sederunt qui supra. /The affair of the fund continued. ' The debate concerning ministers preaching without the bounds of their own Presb}'! erics, to vacancies in the bounds of another I'resbytery, without the consent of some of the members, was reassumed, and overturud up^n it, that no miinistor belonging to this Synod shall have liberty to preach in any congrega- tion belonging to another Presbytery whereof he is not a member, after he is advised by any minister of such Presbytery, that bethinks his preaching in that ' congregation will have a tendency to procure divisions and disorders, until he ■ first obtain liberty from the Presbytery or Synod so to do. This being put to J the vote, was approved. ' Overtured, That in order to obviate some mistakes, that it is supposed some I of the members of the Synod were in, with respect to the preceding overture, ithat it be voted that every minister belonging to this Synod, has liberty to preach in any vacant congregation where he shall be occasionally and providen- tially called, even though he is out of the bounds of the Presbytery to which he belongs, unless he be first advised by some minister of such Presbytery, that bis preaching there is likely to procure divisions and disorders in such congre- gation ; and even when be is so advised by any minister of such Presbytery, he may yet preach in such congregation, if by liberty first obtained from such iVesbytcry or from the Synod, but not otherwise. Agreed neminc contra- dicente. Inquiry being made of the several Presbyteries, whether they have com- plied with an order of Synod touching the admission of ministers or candi- dates that come from Europe, it was found that said order has been complied with. A letter from the Synod of Ireland, was read and referred to the committee to consider what is to be done in reference to it. Ordered, That the committee meet to-morrow morning, at eight of the clock. Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow. Concluded with prayer. 26eople, }iro ani(kinson chosen moderator, and Mr. Alison clerk. Mr. Andrews, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on 2 Cor. iv. 5. The absence of New York Presbytery last year, considered, and the excuses of some of the members sustained. Since our last it hath pleased God to remove by death, the Rev. Mr. llonry Hook, of the Presbytery of Lewes. Ordained since our last, 3Ir. Azariah Horton, mi.ssionary for the Indians, in the Presbytery of New York; Mr. Juhn Guild and Mr. Samuel Evans, in the Presbytery of Philadelphia; and Mr. Alexander McDowell in the IVesbytery of Doncgall. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. May 21 (h at nine o'clocic, met, and post prcces sederunt qui supra. Upon a motion made by the moderator, that our Synod should hold a con- ference with the Brunswick brethren that they rejected last year, in order to accommodate the difference and make up that unhappy breach, it is agreed, that Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Pierson, Cross, Andrews, Thomson, Cathcart, David Evans, and Alison, meet with these brethren, and try all methods consistent with gospel truth, to prepare the way for healing the said breach. Agreed that the conference be held at the usual place of the Synod's meeting, at three in the afternoon, and that the Synod adjourn till nine o'clock to-mor- row morning. 28/7i daijy at nine o^ clock, jwsf jircccs sederunt qui siqyra. Ordered, That the Synod be resolved into an intcrloquitur of ministers and elders, to manage the conference with the ejected brethren, who arc allowed, if they see cause, to bring with them the ministers that they ordained, that were never allowed to be ministers of this Synod, and all their respective elders. After a great deal of time spent to no purpose, the intcrloquitur found that all attempts for a coalition were vain and fruitless, and therefore it is agreed to adjourn till three o'clock, afternoon. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Itobcrt Jamison is now present and his ab.sence excused. The Synod entered upon the affair complained of by the ejected members, and the question put for the managing said affair was, who should be the judges of the case ? The ejected members would submit tlie business to the considera- tion of none as judges, but such as had not signed the protest last year. And the protesting brethren answered to the point : That they, with the members that had adhered to them, after ejecting said members, were the Synod, and acted as such in the rejection, and in so doing they only cast out such members as they judged had rendered themselves unwortliy of membership, by openly roaiutaining and practising things Bubversive of their constitution, and tliere- fore would not be called to account by aksent members, or by any judicature on eartli, but were willing to give the reasons of their conduct to their absent brethren, and to the public to consider or review it. Ordered, That the Synod, ministers and elders, meet at nine in the morning in an inttrloquitur. Adjourned till eleven o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1 1742.] SYXOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 16S 29th day, at 11 o'clock, A. M. niH uhi post j^^^ces sederunt qui supra. The interloquitur having entered upon some business without coming to a conclusion, the S3"nod is adjourned till Monday morning at ten of the clock. Concluded with prayer. 31 day, at ten o'clock, met according/ to appointment. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Pemberton, Pierson, Thomson, Martin, Boyd, Cathcart, Samuel Evans, McHenry, Alison, and the moderator, be a committee for the fund, and the commission of the Synod for the follow- ing year; and Messrs. (-Iraj'-, John Steel, Hazard, and William Linsey, be joined with the said committee in the affair of the fund, and that the ministers of the commission have elders with them if they have occasion to meet. A protest was given in by some members of our Synod, which is as follows, viz : To the reverend Synod now sitting in Philadelphia : "We the subscribers, in our own and iu the name of all that we shall see meet to join with us, look upon ourselves obliged in the most public manner, to declare our opinions with respect to the division made in our Synod the last year, by a protest that was delivered in by several of our members. First. We declare against the excluding the Presbytery of New-Bruns- wick and their adherents, from the communion of the Synod by a protest, without giving them a previous trial, as an illegal and unprecedented pro- cedure, contrary to the rules of the gospel and subversive of our excellent constitution. Secondly. We declare and protest against the conduct of our brethren, the last year's protestors, in refusing to have the legality of their said protest tried by the present Synod. Thirdly. We therefore declare and protest, that these members of the Xew- Brunswick Presbytery, and their adherents, that were excluded by the last year's protest, are to be owned and esteemed as members of this Synod, until they are excluded by a regular and impartial process against them, according to the methods prescribed in sacred Scripture, and practised by the churches of the Presbyterian persuasion. Fourthly. We protest against all passages in any of the pamphlets which have been lately published in these parts, which seem to reflect upon the work of divine power and grace, which has been carrying on in so wonderful a manner in many of our congregations, and declare to all the world, that we look upon it to be the indispensable duty of all our ministers to encourage that glorious work with their most faithful and diligent endeavours. And in like manner, we protest and declare against all divisive and irregular methods and practices, by which the peace and good order of our churches have been broken in upon. This is what our duty to God, and our regard to the peace and prosperity of his church oblige us to protest and declare, and we desire it may be recorded in the minutes of the Synod in p)erpetuam rei memoriam. Jonathan Dickinson, Azariah Horton, John Pierson, Nathaniel Hazard, Ebenezer Pemberton, David Whitehead, Simon Horton, Silas Leonard, Daniel Elmer, Timothy Whitehead. Philadelphia, May 29, 1742. 164 MINUTES OF THE [1743. [This is in the first article protcstado contra /actum ; for they were excluded by a vote of the Synod if they refused to give satisfaction fur the points com- plained of, and upon this they withdrew.] I, the subscriber, do hereby desire, that it may be inserted in the Synod's minute book, that I judge it an open infringement on the rights of society, and particularly on our rights as Presbyterians, for any ab.sent members to pretend to a right to call the body to an account, and judge of the legality of proceed- ings in acts, resolutions, and conclusions made in their absence. Though I firmly believe that it is the duty of such a body to submit such resolutions and conclusions to a review of the next Synod j and though I look on it as giving up some of our rights, yet it is my earnest desire, and what I insist on, that the merits of the cause for which last year's Synod excluded the Bruns- wick brethren and adherents, be fairly tried by this present Synod, in order to manifest the justness of said proceedings. Francis Alison. Adjourned till the fourth "Wednesday of May, at three o'clock, afternoon, and then to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer.* 17 43. The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment, May '2bth, 1743. Vbi post preccs sederunt Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Ebene- zer Pemberton, John Pierson, Aaron Burr, John Nutman. Absent : Messrs. "Walter "VS'ilmot, Nathaniel Ilubbel, Silas Leonard, Azariah Ilorton, Simon Horton, Samuel Pumry. New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cathcart, Francis Alison, Robert Jamison. Absent : Messrs. Hugh Conn, John Orme, and Hugh Stevenson. Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Adam ]Joyd, Samuel Black, John Elder, Richard Zanchy, Samuel Caven, Alexander 31cJ)owcll, Hamilton • The commission of the Synod met at four in the afternoon. Upon a supplication of the people of Apoquiuimy, to be joined to the Presbytery of- New Castle, and Mr. Jamison representing that their Presbytery was so weak that they could not meet upon business, it was agreed that the Presbytery of Lewes do join with that of New Castle. The Presbytery of New Castle having applied for advice to the Synod, with relation to Mr. John Steel, a probationer from Irelanij, who offered himself to our care as a candi- date for the sacred work of the ministry-, but was under soiue dlHiculty with relation to a marriage promise claimed by a youn^ woman in Irebuid, as bis testimonials set forth, and by reason of some steps taken by him in liis marriaj;e in this country : The com- mission finding in all things, that his conduct at home and in this country, has been fair and unblamable, those things excepted, do advise the Presbytery of New Ciistle to defer taking him on trials till DecemV^er next. And in the mean time, desire that both the young man and the Presbytery, write to the Presbytery of Loudou-Derry, in Ireland, to Bee if any further light may be obtained in said affair. Upon the sujiplication of several of tlie back inhabitants of Virginia, desiring that the commission of tlie Synod would draw up a sujiplication to be sent to the (General .Assem- bly in Scotland or their commission, be;;gitig the favour that they may send over a pro- bationer or minister, that they think suitably qualified for that place, to take the jias- toral charge of said people. It is agreed that Messrs. Andrews and Cross write to them by the first suitable opportunity. The Synod having given orders Inst year to some of their number, to answer such wri- tings as might be needful to set the i)resent debate in a true light ; nolwiihstau.Jing we think it is the Synod's business to see the Printer's accounts cleared, yet the comuiibsioa recommend it earnestly to every Presbytery, and to every jterson, to be careful to bring in the price of the books disposed of in their bounds or by themselves, in order to defray Baid expense, before they proceed to contribute any thing further out of the fund. Concluded with prayer. I 1743.] SYXOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 165 Bell, John Hindman. Absent : Messrs. William Bertram, Samuel Thomson, John Craig. Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, Daniel Elmer, David Cowell, Francis McHenry, and Samuel Evans. Absent: Messrs. David Evans and .John Guild. Elders : Messrs. Alexander Walker, James Donnel, Matthew Atchinson, Daniel Henderson, George Davison, Y\'illiam Stevenson, John McEwen, Arthur Patterson, William Gray, John Ogden, Samuel Hart, and David Griffith. Mr. Dickinson, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon on 1 Cor. i. 10. Mr. David Cowell chosen moderator, and Mr. Alison clerk. Adjourned till ten o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 26 day at ten, o^ clock, post preces sederunt qui supra. Messrs. Leonard and the Hortons' absence excused. Mr. Chalker is re- moved out of our bounds. Mr. Hugh Stevenson absent. This affair to be considered. Messrs. Thomas Evans and James 3Iartin, of the Presbytery of New Castle, removed by death since our last, and likewise Mr. Joel Evans, proba- tioner. Since our last, Mr. Bell and Mr. Hindman were ordained by the Presby- tery of Donegall. Messrs. Bertram, Samuel Thomson, and Craig are excused for their absence. Mr. David Evans excused for his absence. A paper being brought in by Thomas Cookson, Esq. one of his majesty's justices, for the county of Lancaster, in the name of the Governor, to be laid before and considered by us, the Synod agrees to defer all other business, and set aside the common methods of their proceeding, to consider it, and orders it to be read. The above mentioned paper, with an affidavit concerning it, being read in open Synod, it was unanimously agreed : That it is full of trea- son, sedition, and distraction, and grievous perverting of the sacred oracles to the ruin of all societies and civil government, and directly and diametrically opposite to our religious principles, as we have on all occasions openly and publicly declared to the world ; and we hereby unanimously, with the greatest sincerity, declare that we detest this paper, and with it all principles and prac- tices that tend to destroy the civil or religious rights of mankind, or to foment or encourage sedition or dissatisfaction with the civil government that we are now under, or rebellion, treason, or any thing that is disloyal. And if Mr. Alexander Craighead be the author we know nothing of the matter. And we hereby declare, that he hath been no member of our society for some time past, nor do we acknowledge him as such, though we cannot but heartily lament that any man that was ever called a Presbyterian, should be guilty of what is in this paper. And we order, that a committee be appointed to draw up an address to the governor on this occa.sion, and that the committee be Messrs. Dickinson, Pemberton, Alison, and the moderator, and bring it into the Synod for approbation. Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At four o'cloclc, P. M. met, uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Stevenson's affair deferred. The address was brought in and approved. Ordered, That the ministers of the Synod wait on the governor and present this address, together with a copy of our minute with relation to this affair. 166 MINUTES OF THE [1743. Mr. Elder's absence last year is excused. Mr. Jones was ordained by the Now York Presbytery since our last. Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, iVnibcrton, ]*ierson, Thomson, lioyd, Cathcart, Samuel Evans, Mcllenry, Alison, and the mode- rator, be a committee for the fund, and the commission of the Synod for the following year; and that William Gray, Arthur Patterson, and James I)onncI, be joined with the said committee in the atlair of the fund: and that the mi- nisters of the commission shall endeavour to bring ciders with them if they Lave occasion to meet, and that six of them with the moderator, shall be a quorum. Ordered, That Mr. [McDowell and jMr. IJell revise the Presbytery Pook of Philadelphia. And that all our l*resbyteries punctually bring their books, Laving all neglected to do so, Philadelpiiia Presbytery only excepted. Inf(uiry being made who had this year brought money to the fund, it was found that Mr. Alison, Mr. Bell, Messrs. Andrews and Cross, and Mr. Cowell, had brought something. Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 27th day, at ten o^ clock, A. M. Post i>rcces sederunt qui siq^ra. The affair of Hugh Stevenson was taken under consideration, upon which the Synod came into the following resolution : The Presbytery of New Cas- tle Laving suspended Mr. Stevenson on account of some scandals alleged against Lim, and his neglecting to appear before them to vindicate himself, notwithstanding he was called upon to do it, and having referred the further consideration of this affair to the Synod, the Synod having considered their reference, do look upon the conduct of the New Castle l*r(!sbytery as regular, and continue 3Ir. Stevenson under suspension till he shall be presbyterially cleared from these scandals alleged ajiaiust him, and desire the New Castle Presbytery to take the first opportunity they conveniently can, to inquire into Mr. Stevenson's conduct, in order to a final determination. Adjourned till four o'clock. Concluded with prayer. At /our o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Some papers were given in to the Synod from some of the congregation at Abington. The consideration of them deferred. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 28/7t day. At ten o'clock, A. M. Post prcccs sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That the Abington papers be read ; and the persons that brought them were referred back to their own Presbytery of I'hiladelphia. Adjourned till ten o'clock, on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer. On Monday morning the meeting of the Synod was deferred till four o'clock, P. 31. that some proposals of peace and agreement might be prepared and Bent to the Brunswick Presbytery. 30 day. Met at four o'clock, P. M. Uhi post prcccs sederunt qui supra. An overture was brought by the Presbytery of New York, which was ordered to be read, and was as followeth, viz : At a I'resbytery convened at Newark, May 1^, 1743. An overture from the i'resbytery of New York, to be propo.sed to the Synod of Philadelphia, at their next meeting. 1743.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 167 The Presbytery taking into consideration the melancholy divisions that have of late obtained in the Synod, to the great dishonour of God, the scandal of our holy profession, the prejudice of our religious interests, and the too great encouragement of those dangerous errors and delusions which are making such a progress among us, think it our duty to contribute all we can towards healing these breaches, and promoting the unity of the Spirit iu the bonds of peace, and do therefore propose : 1. That inasmuch as the Presbytery cannot see how the excluding the Pres- bytery of New-Brunswick, and those other ministers that join with them by a protestation, without a particular hearing, and deliberate vote of the Synod, formed upon such a distinct hearing of the case, can be agreeable to the laws of Christ, or any rules of discipline that have ever been known among any churches of our profession : we therefore propose that the said protestation be withdrawn, and those members peaceably take their place in the Synod as formei'ly. 2. Whereas it is of greatest necessity that the education of our candidates for the ministry be well regulated, and that our former difference upon that subject be healed, we propose that all such, who for the future shall be pri- vately educated with a design for improvement in the ministry of the gospel, shall submit to the former agreement of the Synod in that case, or else be sent to one of the colleges in New England, and accept of such a station there as they are found qualified for, and that they continue there at least one year, and obtain their degree of bachelor of arts. And in case there should be any pious and promising youths that are privately educated for the ministry, who cannot well bear the charge of continuing so long at the college, they shall, upon the com- mendation of their respective Presbyteries, and the approbation of the Synod, or commission of the Synod, have such allowances from the Synftd for their support at the college, as the Synod or their commission shall think proper, and so much of the income of the fund as is sufficient shall be appropriated to that purpose. 3. Whereas there have been differences among us with respect to itinerant preaching, with the consequences of it, we propose that there be an united agreement of the Synod, that all our pulpits be open to those ministers that are iu our communion, and we unanimously resolve to invite each other to preach iu our respective parishes as occasion offers. And for any minister to refuse another minister the use of his pulpit when regularly applied to, and to continue iu that refusal from time to time, shall be looked upon as an unbrotherly prac- tice, tending to division and separation among us. Provided always, that the minister refusing his pulpit as aforesaid, has not such reason for his conduct as shall be approved by the Presbytery, or Synod, or commission of the Synod. And that there may be no schism or confusions maintained in our congrega- tions, it be proposed that all our ministers shall be obliged, that they will not for the future promote or encourage any divisions or separations, neither by setting up separate meetings in any of our congregations, nor by any methods wdiatsoever endeavouring to alienate the affections of the people from their minister ; but that every one of us shall do what we can to assist one another, and strengthen each other's hands in the work of the Lord. And every contra- vention of this article shall be looked upon as just matter of censure either by Presbytery or Synod. 4. It is also proposed that, if any of our ministers either really have or sup- pose they have just matter of complaint against any of their brethren in the ministry within our bounds, with respect either to his doctrine, manner of preaching, diligence in his discharge of the more public or private parts of his ministerial duties, or with respect to his conduct or conversation, such minister shall first in a kind, tender, and affectionate manner, particularly make known 168 MINUTES OF THE [1743. the matter of his complaint to such of his brethren in a private conference. Ami if these endeavours fail oi desired success, he shall put into his hands a "writt«?n copy of his complaints, with a citation to answer tiieiu before his Pres- bytery, or before the Synod, or commission of the Synod, as the complainant eLnll think tit. 5. It is also proposed, that all former matters of difference and debate in the 3ynod, be now entirely buried in oblivion, and that each minister of the Synod do from this time treat one another with the same intimate love, kindness, and respect, as if such differences had never been. This article not being to be understood as excluding any of our ministers from reasoning cither publicly or privately in a brotherly, or a Christian manner, against any jx)iut of doctrine which they suppose erroneous or dangerous. 6. The Presbytery considering the absolute necessity of union and good agreement in a religious society, since a kingdom divided against itself cannot stand, do earnestly pray, that this or some other plan of accommodation be come into at this meeting of the Synod. But if our hopes in that matter should prove abortive, and no methods can be obtained, it is jiroposed that this Synod do unitedly agree that another Synod be erected, by the name of the Synod of New York, and that any of our members shall have liberty to join themselves to which of the two Synods they shall think fit ; and in order to our communion one with another, and to consult the general interest of religion in these parts, it Is proposed that there be two correspondents sent yearly from each Synod to the other. Ebenezer Pemberton, Moderator. These inserted in the next year's minutes. Some rcnlarks upon the above overture were read ; and after some considera- tion it was put to vote, whether this overture was to be accepted as a plan of accommodation or not, and it was unanimously voted in the negative. A paper was upon this given in by Mr. Jonathan Dickinson, in his own name, and in the names of Messrs. Ebenezer Pemberton, John Pierson, and Aaron IJurr, having previously declared that they complain of no unfriendly or unbro- thcrly treatment from the Synod with relation to themselves, but that their conduct in this affair may be liable to misrepresentations, which said paper is as follows : As I look upon myself to be a member of the Synod of Philadelphia, and Lave a continued riglit to sit and act in the same as such, so 1 look upon the New Brunswick Presbytery, ard those other brethren that adhere to them, and arc therefore shut out of the Synod on that account, to be truly members of this Synod as myself, or any others whatsoever, and have a just claim to sit and act •with us. 1 cannot, then'forc, at present see my way dear to sit and act as though we were the Synod of Phihidclphia, while the New Brunswick Presby- tery, and the other members with them, are kept out of the Synod in the manner they now are. A proposal of agreement and union between us and the brethren of New ]Jrunswick was sent to those brethren by Mr. Aaron Burr, wiiich is as fol- lowcth, viz. Proposals made to the New Brunswick brethren, in order to their being ad- mittcil to take their ])laccs in tlu; Synod, upon a Scripturi' foundation. Forasmuch as we are informed that tlu; New Brunswick brethren are willing and desirous of reconciliation and union with the Synod, and to knf)w on what terms this may be obtained : That the said brethren may be fully per- suaded that wo have no delight in division for its own sake, but on tli(! con- trary, are sincerely desirous of union and peace upon just and reasonable terms, so that upon our cordial agreement there be a foundation laid, that, through 1743.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 169 Grod's blessing, may prevent the havock and destruction of the church threat- ened by our common enemies. Therefore we propose : 1. That as they desire to be received and treated as members of our Synod they will submit to the determinations and conclusions of our judicatures, even in those cases wherein they are negatives in giving their votes, and so allow a determination to be by the majority, or else no longer plead a right of member- ship ; and that they renounce their principles delivered in their Apology, espe- cially that whereby they declare that Presbyteries and Synods have no right to make any agreements, or come to any determinations by votes that shall bind any members who do not give their consent to those conclusions or determina- tions. For without this recantation they can never be members of this Synod, seeing they put in a claim for arbitrary power to destroy and overturn all our agreements, and to despise and disregard our censures, as they have already professedly done, in licensing and ordaining so many men for the work of the ministry. 2. If they profess they will use all endeavours to secure a learned ministry, we desire that they testify this by desisting from licensing or ordaining men for the work of the ministry, who have not complied with the Synod's agree- ment, or the alternative proposed in the last year's conference with these breth- ren, and that they give up all those persons that they have heretofore licensed or ordained in opposition to our public agreement, to be examined and tried by the Synod whether they have suitable ministerial qualifications, or that they will not maintain ministerial communion with any of them for the future, who refuse to be examined by the Synod, or who, upon examination, are found defi- cient, until they give suitable satisfaction. 3. That for the future they will desist from either acting or preaching, or sending their missionaries within the bounds of our Presbyteries, or fixed^ pas- toral charges as heretofore ; that they will not encourage new separate societies in congregations as heretofore, nor supply with preaching the societies they have made or occasioned, among the people under our care, but declare that all such practices are of pernicious tendency, and inconsistent with the Presbyterian plan. 4. That they will not publicly nor privately endeavour to diminish the char- acter of any minister as graceless, unconverted, or unworthy of his office, until he be tried by a proper judicature and censured; and that they claim no right to judge of men's spiritual estates towards God, so as to determine whether they be gracious or graceless, if sound in the faith, and of a gospel life and conversa- tion, and that they condemn all such practices. 5. That they renounce all such tenets or doctrines that have been advanced in ]Mr. Tennent's Nottingham sermon, which are contrary to our Presbyterian plan and subversive of gospel order, and a floodgate to let in divisions and dis- orders into the church, such as an allowance to church members to guess at the spiritual state of their pastors, and upon this guess, without further trial, to leave them as graceless and unconverted ; their asserting an inward call to the ministry, in opposition and contradiction to the outward call, or ordaining to the gospel ministry, and all who maintain them can be no members of a Presbyterian society or church, because they take all government out of the hands of a Synod or Presbytery, and give it to any person that hath ignorance and impudence enough to bring God's house into confusion. 6. That they acknowledge that too many of them have been guilty in all these points, and that notwithstanding whatever zeal and intention to advance a work of grace they might have been influenced by, yet now they are con- vinced that these practices have had a dreadful tendency to promote and spread the divisions and confusions that perplex and disturb this church. 7. We propose that, if they have any ground of complaint against any of 22 170 MINUTES OF THE [1743. our members, with respect to their doctrine, their conversation, or diligence in the ministry, that they shall be welcome to table the charge against them in a proper judicatory, whether they comply with these terms or not; and that, if they s;itisty us in tliese points, and accept their seats in our Synod, all other grounds of complaint shall be removed, either by public trial, or such other method as they and we in conjunction shall determine, and will best ]iromote the glory of CJod, and the good of his church. And we declare that if all or any of these brethren accept these terms, or any other that we and they can devise or come to, that will lay a foundation to secure these important riglits of societies, a learned and pious ministr}-, and to prevent errors and divisions, in a way agreeable to God's word, and the Presbyterian constitution, we are heartily willijig to receive them ; and we desire that they may give us their answer to these heads as soon as they can conveniently. These proposals were sent in an extra-judicial way to the Bi-unswick brethren, upon reading of which in open Synod, it was agreed that these proposals were rea.sonable, in order to open a way toward an accommodation and interview between these brethren and us. And to these we received an answer by Mr. AVilliam Tennent, junior, which is as foUowcth : Upon a paper sent to us from the ministers that protested against us, propos- ing certain terms of union, this conjunct meeting of the Presbyteries of New Brunswick and New Castle does judge that there can be no regular methods of proceeding towards the compassing a stated union between them and us, until their illegal protest be withdrawn ; yet so they and we may both stand upon an equal foot in the regular trial of the differences between us. That their paper contains sundry misrepresentations and unreasonable demands, and that we have several charges against them to be satisfied in before we could come into a settled union with them. Upon reading our minutes, it was proposed, that as the protestation of the New York brethren seems to complain of the conduct of this Synod, in the year 1741, ordered, that the protestation delivered in that year be entered into our minutes ; which protestation is accordingly to be found at the end of the minutes for this year. A paper in answer to the New York brethren's protestation, being read in open Synod, it was unanimously agreed, that it be kept in retcntis. Upon a supplication brough by 3Ir. Alison, desiring that Mr. McDowell be joined to the Presbytery of New Castle, in order to answer the rej)eatod suppli- cations of Elk-Kiver and White-Clay Creek, ordered, that he be joined to it, and that they sujiply Nottingham for a year. Messrs. Andrews and Cross did write to the General Assembly in Scotland, in favour of the back inhabitants of Virginia, as was desired. Ordered, that the committee for the fund meet to-morrow, at eight o'clock, and the Synod at ten. Concluded with prayer. 31 clai/, at trn o^cloch, A. M. according to appointment. Vhi p)ost prcces scdrrunt qui supra. (Some excej)ted who were gone home.) The committee have not brought in the account of the fund ; Ordered, They settle it now and bring it against the next meeting. Agreed to remit a bontl of Mr. Ilouston'.s, dated July 25th, 1740, in favour of his widow and her family. A projiosal was made to write to the General Assembly of the chunh of Scotland, and lay before them the low and melancholy condition of the infant churcli, botli for want of probationers to supply our numerous vacancies, and also for want of a suitable encouragement for ministers in new settlements, and intrcat them both to send ministers and probationers to us, and to allow them 1744.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 171 some small support out of their fund for some years in new places. And that they be pleased to enable us in some measure, or by some method, to erect a seminary or school for educating young men for these ends among ourselves. This was agreed to, and ordered, that Messrs. Cross, Andrews, and Thomson, write a letter to the Assembly, and let them know our circumstances. Ordered, That the Presbytery of Philadelphia regard the people of Abing- ton, and supply there as oft as they can conveniently, if they find that their case requires it. Ordered, That Messrs. Alison and McDowell write to some gentlemen in Virginia, acquainting them with our application to the General Assembly of Scotland, and befre-inir their interest to further that design. Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Cathcart, and the moderator, wait on the governor, and present the address. Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at two o'clock, P. M. Disbursements from the fund allowed per the committee for the year 1743, as followeth, viz. £ s. d. To Archibald McMullen for services done, . 2 10 0 To the Treasurer, - . - - 6 00 0 To the Janitor, . . . . - 1 10 0 To Mrs. Glen, 5 00 0 To Mrs. Hook, - 3 00 0 The sum total of the fund before any disbursements, as computed by the committee, 1743, five hundred and seventy pounds, sixteen shillings and seven pence. Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next, at three o'clock, P. M. and then to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer. 1744. The Synod met at Philadelphia according to appointment. May IZd, 1744. JJhipost preces sederunt Minister of New Castle Presbytery : Mr. Alexander McDowell. Absent — • Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Adam Boyd, John Craig, John Elder. Absent — Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Robert Cross, Daniel Elmer, Samuel Evans. New York Presbytery absent. Elders : Alexander Montgomery, James Read, Hugh Rippey, William Wilson, William Johnston, William Gray, Edward Lummis, and James Abraham. Mr. Andrews opened the Synod by a sermon on Ezek. iii. 17. Mr. Cowell, the last year's moderator, being absent. Many of the members being absent, and expected to be present to-morrow, it is concluded that the Synod adjourn to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning, before they enter upon business. Concluded with prayer. 2-ith day at nine 6'cIorJc. Met according to appointment. Uhi j^ost preces sederunt qui supra. And upon calling the roll the following members present who were absent yesterday, viz : Messrs. George Gillespie, Robert Cathcart, and Francis Alison, of the New Castle Presbytery. And that Presbytery reports, that since our last they have ordained to the work of the ministry Mr. Timothy Grifiith and Mr. John Steel, they having passed the usual trials and adopted the 172 MINUTES OF THE [1744. Wcstniinstor Confession and Catechisms as the confession of their faith, ac- cording to order of tlie Synod in that case provided. They alsn inform us, that ])ur.*uant to a call drawn up by the people of Snow-llij], lUukingham, and the Ferry, in Worcester in iMaryland, and with the ]^res]iytery's cdncxir- rencc, sent to the Prcsl)ytery of Paisley in North liritain, the liev. .Mr. Jamea Scougal accepted the said call. And having produced sutficient testimonials of his piety, learning, prudence, soundness in the faith, blameless conversiition and ordination by them, was admitted as a member of the Presbytery of New Castle. And the Synod admitted these brethren into membership. Of Donegal} Presbytery, jNIr. IJlack is now present. Absent : INIessrs. Samuel Thomson, Kichard Zanchy, Bertram, Iliudman, and Samuel Caven. (Mr. Bell was suspended by said Presbytery.) Present now of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. David Evans and Francis McIIenry. Elders of the ministers absent yesterday : Messrs. John McMichael, William McCulloch, Thomas James, David Patterson, Samuel Hart, James Kerr. Mr. IMeHenry chosen moderator, and Mr. McDowell clerk. We find that upon reading the last year's roll, Mr. llobert Jamison is re- moved b}' death since our last, as also 3Ir. Hugh Stevenson. Mr. Samuel Pumry's absence now excused, on account of bodily indisposi- tion. Mr. David Evans gave reasons for his last year's absence, which were sus- tained. Ordered, That I^Iessrs. Andrews, Cross, Dickinson, Pierson, Nutman, John Thomson, Bo^'d, Black, Samuel Evans, Cathcart, Alison, (jillespie, and the moderator, be the committee for the fund and the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year. And Messrs. AVilliam Ciray, Samuel Hart, William McCiil- loch, William Wilson, elders, be joined with them in the aifair of the fund ; and that every minister endeavour to have an elder with him if the Synod's commission have occasion to meet ; and that five ministers and the moderator be a quorum of the commission. Ordered, That Messrs. Boyd and Grifiith revise the Presbytery book of Philadelphia; and Messrs. Alison and Cathcart the Presbytery book of Done- gall, and that these books be delivered the next sederunt. Ordered, That the Presbytery of New Castle, not having their book now, do put it iu order and bring it to be revised by the Synod the next year. Inquiry being made who had brought money to the fund, it was found that Messrs. Andrews, Cross, McUenry, and Craig, had brought some. Upon reading our last year's minutes, we find an overture j)re.sented by the Presbytery fif New York,jind that remarks upon it were read in Synod, but these remarks not being entered in the Synod book, it is now ordered, (hat they be inserted here in this place. They are as follows : Some short hints by way of remark on an overture designed to be laid before the Synod of Philadelphia by the brethren of the Presbytery of New York, sub- mitted by the said brethren to the consideration of the other members of the Synod in a private extra-judicial way. On the introduction remark : IIow far the following particulars of the over- ture are conducive to the good end proposed, will be best known by a particular consideration of them. On article first remark : Notwithstanding f)f what is allegcMl by our breth- ren, we are still of the mind that the exclusion of the New Brunswick brethren by the protestation mentioned, is sufliciently justified by the reasons specified in the said protestation; which reasons are further strengthened by the conduct of the said brethren ever since. And were it needful t(» produce them, there are not wanting precedents of this method of procedure in Pres- 1744.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 173 byterian churches, yea and in civil judicatures; and therefore we think it altogether inconsistent with duty and a good conscience, to withdraw said protest or recede from it. And further, it is our judgment, that the only sensible expedient in order to reunion, in the present circumstances is, that the New Brunswick, &c. would let us know under their hand, how far they will or can comply, to give the Synod satisfaction for the offences complained of, by acknowledging their past misconduct, and by giving satisfactory security an^ainst the fears of the like offences for the future. °0n the second article remark : If the Brunswick brethren would once give such satisfaction to the Synod for their past conduct, in opposition to our act of Synod, relating to the examination of candidates for the ministry, it seems not unlikely that we might agree either in the amendment thereof, or in insti- tuting an equivalent for the future. But if no reparation be miido for the damages done by their past conduct in opposition to said act, we think it vain to talk of substituting an equivalent for the future. And, therefore,^ we also would desire to know from these brethren under their hands, what satisfaction they are willing to give the Synod on this head. On article the third : Our judgment in respect of being obliged to open our pulpits to itinerants, and to invite them to preach in them, suh poena of being esteemed unbrotherly, and promoters of division and separation, is so far differ- ent and opposite to our New York brethren's judgment, that we verily be- lieve, that such a constitution or order as our brethren talk of, is of most visi- ble and obvious tendency to promote division and separation, and every thing that is unbrotherly and uncharitable. Neither is it enough that there are no endeavours to set up separate meetings in our congregations, but also that all these already set up, be obliged to return to their pastors and congregations, or else be deemed and dealt with as disorderly. And that the New Bruns- wick brethren, &c. shall take such methods as the Synod shall prescribe, to persuade those whom they have influenced to separate, to return again to their respective folds and pastors. In fact we think the proposal has a visible, plain, and native tendency to advance the mischief it pretends to prevent, and to prevent and destroy the good it pretends to advance. We think that to give any minister a right to preach in any brother's pulpit contrary to his inclination, without presbyterial order for that purpose, is the direct _ vray to breed and foment divisions, and quench brotherly love among ministers. Where love and esteem actually subsist there is no need for such right to be pleaded by the itinerant; and when jealousy, and want of love and esteem do prevail, such an order would undoubtedly increase them. Besides, we think that itinerant preaching, properly so called, (i. e. when preaching is the prin- cipal end for travel,) except by express order of Presbytery, hath no founda- tion in the word of God. Even Paul and Barnabas had a particular order for their travelling among the Gentiles. And therefore we propose that it still be left as it always hath been, to the discretionary agreement of the ministers concerned, when one minister shall preach in another's pulpit, and that no minister be allowed to travel abroad to preach, i. e. for preaching's sake, with- out an actual or virtual order from his respective Presbytery, together with the concurrence of the Presbytery where he preaches. On article fourth remark : This article is for substance the same with what hath been in force and practice in all well regulated Presbyterian chiirches ; saving that the order of process is inverted or perverted, inasmuch as it puts it in ''the accuser or prosecutor, to bring things per saltuni, before a superior jurisdiction. It is therefore our judgment, that according to the natural order of things, and the known practice of all Presbyterian churches in the world, that every person or case be tried by or before its next or lowest judicature to which he or it is subject. 174 MINUTES OF THE [1744. On llio fifth remark : This article we approve on supposition, that union on a goixi fniiiiihition were obtained; otherwise we think this article, if in force, would cnjiiin what is not only unreasonable but also impossible in the nature of the thing, viz : That the Brunswick brethren and we should be sincere in treating one another with the same intimate love, kindness, and respect, as if such differences had never been, while yet we have received no satisfaction for the past most public and injurious treatment, which we have suffered at their hands. And to enjoin it, we think would be in the consc(|uence of it, fooli.sh, wicked, and utterly inconsistent with the principles of rational self- preser\-ation, and the trust reposed in us by our exalted Lord. Inasmuch as it would be to put it in the power of those who have been tearing our bowels, and the bowels of Christ's church under our care these years past, to persist without resistance in the same practice, and to act the same cruelty over again. While we have not any reasonable scriptural evidence of their repentance for past injuries, nor security against the like treatment for the future. Besides that it is contrary to the general Scripture rules of dealing with scandalous offenders. Them that sin rebuke before all. Count him, viz : the obstinate offender as an heathen or publican, and avoid the authors of division as persons who serve not the Lord Christ but their own bellies. On article sixth remark : To give into this article would be to approve of and confirm schism by our Synodical authority. For seeing the reason for erecting such a new Synod, is because we cannot live in union and concord; surely one of the parties at least, must be certainly and really in the fault ; and for our Synod to approve of a faulty party, separating on the score of con- tention, is evidently to ratify schi.sm by Synodical authority; besides, this would infer our consenting to the perpetuating a continual temptation to build up the interest of our own respective parties or Synods respectively, in oppo- sition to one another, i. e. in opposition to the opposite Synod, which we our- selves have erected and approved. Therefore we cannot in conscience com- ply with it. But if our New York brethren, &e. shall now see cause, con- trary to our judgment and inclination, to divide themselves from us, and to erect themselves into a new separate body, as it is not in our power to hinder them, though we cannot in conscience approve of their so doing, yet we hope, that by the grace of God, we shall sincerely and conscientiously endeavour to cherish and cultivate a truly Christian and charitable disposition towards them, as far as such a contentious separation will allow, and as far as we can attain unto, in opposition to the remains of the corruption and uncharitableness, which we have reason to acknowledge doth too much and too often prevail in and over us all. Provided always, that our brethren .shall not hereby think that we will bind ourselves from vindicating our conduct, with respect to this breach in the most public manner, .so that the Reformed churches and impartial world may have an opportunity to judge in the affair. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'cloc/:, P. M. post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. McDowell's affair referred to further consideration. The time of meeting of the committee for the fund deferred. Messrs. Andrews and Cross wrote to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, according to appointment. The Prcs!)ytery of Philadeljihia report, that they have supplied the people of AbingUtn divers times, according to la.st year's appointment. Messrs. Ali.son and McDowell report, tliat they have writ to some gentlemen in Virginia, acfjuainting them of our application to the General Assembly of Scotland, a.s ajipoiutcd last year. 1744.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 175 Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Catlicart, &c. report, that they waited on the Governor with the address, according to appointment. Mr. Bell materially appealed from a judgment of suspension laid on him by the Presbytery of Donegall, and requested the Synod would appoint a committee to meet at Donegall on that affair. And it is ordered, that Messrs. John Thomson, Robert Cross, Adam Boyd, Samuel Thomson, Hindman, Gillespie, McDowell, and Griffith, be a committee to meet there the second Wednesday of June next, at twelve o'clock, to hear and determine that affair, and that 3Ir. Bell continue under suspension till the committee meet. And it is further determined that a copy of this minute be sent to the congregation of Donegall as soon as possible, and that Mr. Black or Mr. Elder take care to deliver the said copy, to be communicated to the members, that they prepare evidences and be ready for a trial of that affair. And it is ordered, that Mr. Gillespie open the committee with a sermon. A representation from many people of North Carolina, was laid before the Synod showing their desolate condition, and requesting the Synod to take their estate into consideration, and petitioning that we would appoint one of our number to correspond with them. Ordered, That Mr. John Thomson correspond with them. Ordered, That Messrs. David Evans, Samuel Evans, and Griffith, write to "Wales, representing the state of our church, and to desire a probationer may be sent from them to us if they possibly can. Adjourned till ten o'clock to-morrow. Concluded with prayer. 2bth day, at ten o'clock. Post preces sederunt qui supra. New Castle Presbytery desiring Mr. McDowell might be entirely loosed from Donegall and joined to them ; and Mr. McDowell desiring the advice of the Synod to determine him in this affair, it was unanimously voted that he should be joined to New Castle Presbytery, and the congregation of Notting- ham is continued and wholly joined with New Castle Presbytery. The affair of the fund deferred. A letter from Mr. Hutchinson, containing his opinion of the proceedings of the Synod and New-Brunswick party, and advices to the Synod, was read be- fore us. And the Synod judges, that so far as his advices appear agreeable to the word of God, they have walked agreeable to them, and hope they will endeavour still to make conscience of doing so. Ordered, That Mr. Alison write to Mr. Hutchinson an answer to his letter. The minutes of a committee held at the great valley, November 16th, 1743, by a private agreement between the Presbyteries of Philadelphia, New Castle, and Donegall, were laid before us, showing that the said committee consid- ered the necessity of using speedy endeavours to educate youth for supply- ing our vacancies. But the proper method for this end cannot be so well com- passed without the Synod ; they refer the further consideration of the affair to that reverend body, but agree that in the mean time a school be opened for the education of youth. And the Synod now approve that design, and take the said school under our care, and agree upon the following plan for carrying on that design : 1. That there be a school kept open where all persons who please may send their children and have them instructed gratis in the languages, philosophy, and divinity. 2. In order to carry on this design, it is agreed that every congregation under our care, be applied to for yearly contributions, more or less, as they can afford, and as God may incline them to contribute, until Providence open a door for our supporting the school some other way. 3. That if any thing can be spared besides what may support a master 176 MINUTES OF THE [1744 and tutor, that it be employed by the trustees for buyiug books and other necessaries for said school, and for the benefit of it, as the trustees shall see proper. And Mr. Alison is chosen master of said school, and has the privilege of choosing an usher under him to assist him; and the said Mr. Ali.'son is exempted from all public business, save only attending church judicatures, and what concerns his particular pastoral charge. And the 8ynod agree to allow Mr. Alison twenty pounds per annum, and the usher fiftoen pounds. The further consideration of this affair deferred till the afternoon. Adjoui-ued till three o'clock, P M. Concluded with prayer. At three o^cloch, P. 31. Post prcces sederunt qui supra. The affair of the fund deferred. The affair of the school resumed. 4. Agreed that Messrs. Jedidiah Andrews, Cross, and Evans, junior, of Philadelphia Presbytery ; and John Thomson, Black, and Boyd, of Donegall ; and Gillespie and Grilfith, Cuthcart, and Steel, and 3IcDowell, of New Cas- tle Presbytery, be appointed trustees for the management of the affairs of the said school, for this year; and as many more as can conveniently, may meet with them. And it's ordered, that said tru.stees meet on the tliird Wednesday of September next, and that any five of them be a (juorum, and that they ap- point three of their number to meet at three other times in the year at said school. These trustees are to inspect into the master's diligence in, and me- thod of, teaching ; consider and direct what authors are chiefly to be read in the several branches of learning ; to examine the scholars from time to time, as to their proficiency, and apply the money procured from our people as or- dered above, and to what other uses they find proper; and in sum, to order all affairs relating to said school as they see expedient, and be accountable to the Synod, making report of their proceedings and the state of the school yearly. And ordered, that Messrs. Thomson, Griffith, and Steel, and McDowell, be the four that shall meet first at said school, and that on the last Tuesday of June next. The Rev. Mr. Dorsius, pastor of the Reformed Dutch Church in Bucks county, laid a letter before us from the deputies of North and South Holland, wherein they desire of the Synod an account of the stato of the High and Low Dutch churches in this province, and also of the churches belonging to the Presbyterian Synod of Philadelphia, and whether the ])utch churches may be joined in communion with said Synod, or if this nniy not be, that they would form themselves into a regular body and government among themselves. In pursuance of which letter the Synod agree, that letters be wrote in tlie name of the Synod, to the dejmties of these Synods in Holland, in Latin, and to the Scotch ministers in Rotterdam, giving them an account of the churches here, and declaring our willingness to join with the C!alvinist Dutch churches here, to assist each other as far as possible in promoting tlie common interests of religion among us, and signifying the present great want of ministers among the High and Low Dutch, with desire that they may help in educating men for the work of the ministry. And the Synod ordered, that Messrs. Andrews, Cross, Evans, junior, and the moderator, do write said letters. A paper from the New Brunswick party was presented to us by Mr. Blair, the con.'^idcration of which is deferred till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 1745.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 177 2Qth dai/, at nine o'cIocT:, j^ost preces sederunt qui supra. The aflfair of the fund deferred. The Synod took under consideration the paper sent to us yesterday by Mr. Blair, from the New Brunswick party, demanding a part of the fund belong- ing to this Synod may be allowed them. By which demand we find that they discover no intention to endeavours for peace, and to heal the lamentable divisions that prevail in our distressed church. And as we look on that party, made up partly of those who have by their conduct forfeited their right to membership among us, and of consequence to all the privileges thereof, and partly of those who never belonged to our SjTiod, and of consequence have no more right to any privileges whatsoever appertaining to the Synod, than any other whatsoever who will pretend thereunto without any colour of reason or equity; and therefore, on the whole, we judge their demand herein to be highly unreasonable and unjust, and not to be complied with. Approved, nemine contradicente. Ordered, That a copy of the above minute be signed by the moderator, and sent to Mr. Gilbert Tennent, moderator of the New Brunswick party; which accordingly was done by the janitor. Ordered, That every minister recommend it to their respective congregations, to contribute yearly toward defraying the expenses of their respective elders in attending on the Synod. Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet here at three o'clock this afternoon. Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next, at three o'clock, post meridiem. Concluded with prayer. 1745. The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment, May 22cZ, 1745. IJhi post preces sederunt Of New York Presbytery, ministers : Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, and Pemberton. Absent : Messrs Nutman, Burr, Hubbell, Leonard, Azariah Horton, and Simon Horton. Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Andrews, Cross, David Evans, Elmer, McHenry, Cowell, Samuel Evans. Absent : Mr. Guild. Of Donegall Presbytery, ministers : Messrs. Boyd, Thomson, Zanchy. Absent : Messrs. Bertram, Black, Elder, Samuel Thomson, Caven, Hindman, Craig. Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Gillespie, Cathcart, Alison, McDowell, Scougal, Griffith, Steel. Elders : William Gray, Thomas Harris, William Kamsey, John Parry, William Ewen, William Wallace, William Nill, Robert Mac-key, William Lindsay, Samuel James, James Donnal, Nathaniel Hazard, Brice Innis. Our Rev. Brethren, Mr. Pumry, of Newtown, and Mr. Wilmot, of Jamaica, on Long Island, are deceased since our last. The Synod was opened by a sermon on Prov. xi. 30, by Mr. McHenry, last year's moderator. !Mr. Robert Cathcart chosen moderator, and Mr. McDowell clerk. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 23 178 MINUTES OF THE [1745. 2Sd dill/. At nine o^dock the St/nod met, and post preccs sederunt qui ift/j)ra. Mr. Cuwell's and Mr. Zanchy's absence last year excused, for reasons given. Onloied, That Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, Pcmberton, Andrews, Black, Zancliy, Cross, McIIonry, Gillespie, Alison, IMeDowell, and the moderator, be the committee for the fund, and the commission of tlie Synod for the year ensuing; and that William Gray, Kobort McKuira. The committee appointed in the morning to revise the letter, report that they approve of the substance of it; and the Synod appoint Messrs. Andrews, Cross, and the moderator, to be a committee to draw a fair copy of said letter and bring it to-morrow morning. The affair of the fund continued till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till eight o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 31 day, at eitjlit of the cloeJc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui sujira. The committee for the letter not having finished, it's ordered, that we pro- ceed to the affair of the fund. The committee for the letter to Mr. Clap brought it in, and it was approved, and is aa follows, viz. : Philadelphia, May 30//(, 1746. Very Reverend Sir: — We received the favour of yours of the 21st of No- Tcnibf-r last, and acknowledge our obligation to the President and Pellows of Yale College for considering our re(|uest and expressing their readiness to pro- mote the interest of religion and learning among us. We agree witli you that the affair is of great iuiportance, and are willing to satbfy you to the utmost as to the plan and constitution of our school, and i 1746.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 187 the present state of our Synod, under whose care it is. Some years ago our Synod found the interest of Christ's kingdom likely to suffer in these parts for want of a college for the education of young men. And our supplies either from Europe or New England were few in proportion to the numerous vacancies in our growing settlements. Mr. William Tennent set up a school among us, where some were educated, and afterwards admitted to the minis- try without sufficient qualifications as was judged by many of the Synod. And what made the matter look worse, those that were educated in this pri- vate way decried the usefulness of some parts of learning that we thought very necessary. It was therefore agreed to try to erect a college, and apply to our friends in Britain, and Ireland, and New England, to assist us. We wrote to the Association of Boston on this head, and had a very favourable answer. But when we were thus projecting our plan, and appointing commissioners to Britain, &c. to promote the thing, the war with Spain was proclaimed, which put a stop to our proceedings then. The Synod then came to a public agreement to take all private schools where young men were educated for the ministry, so far under their care as to appoint a committee of our Synod to examine all such as had not obtained degrees in the European or New Eng- land colleges, and give them certificates if they were found qualified, which was to serve our Presbyteries instead of a college diploma, till better provision could be made. Mr. Gilbert Tennent cried out that this was to prevent his father's school for training gracious men for the ministry ; and he, and some of his adherents, protested against it, and counteracted this our public agree- ment, admitting men to the ministry which we judged unfit for that office, which course they persisted in though admonished and reproved by us for such unwarrantable proceedings. While these debates subsisted, Mr. White- field came into the country, whom they drew into their party to encourage divisions. And they and he have been the sad instruments of dividing our churches. And by his interest Mr. Gilbert Tennent grew hardy enough to tell our Synod he would oppose their design of getting assistance to erect a college wherever we should make application, and would maintain young men at his father's school in opposition to us. This, with his and his adherent's divisive practices, obliged the Synod to exclude him and others of his stamp, from their communion. In this situation our affairs grew worse ; for our va- cancies were numerous, and we found it hard in such trouble to engage such gen- tlemen either from New England or Europe to come among us, as our best friends in those places could recommend as steadfast in the faith, and men of parts and education. Upon this the Synod erected a school in the year 1744. It was agreed that the said school should be opened under the inspection of the Synod, where the languages, philosophy, and divinity should be taught gratis, to all that should comply with the regulation of the school, being per- sons of good character and behaviour. They appointed a master and tutor for this business, who were to be paid by such contributions as the Synod could obtain for this purpose ; and agreed, from year to year, to appoint trustees to meet twice a year to inspect the master's diligence and method of teaching, to direct what authors are chiefly to be read in the several branches of learn- ing, to examine the scholars as to their proficiency and good conduct, and ap- ply the money procured to such uses as they judge proper, and to order all affairs relating unto the school. And the trustees are yearly to be accountable to the Synod, and to make report of their proceedings, and the state of the school. And it is agreed, that after said scholars pass the course of studies prescribed them, they shall be publicly examined by the said trustees, and such ministers as the Synod shall think fit to appoint, and if approved receive tes- timonials of their approbation, and without such testimonials none of the Pres- byteries under the care of our Synod shall improve any of our scholars in the 188 MINUTES OF THE [1746. ministry. From this narrative you see how narrow our foundation is, and yet how necessary it was that we should do something of this nature to pre- vent our being overrun with ignorance and confusion. You sec how we have been straitened by the endeavours of some that belonged to our body, who in their zeal have spoken diminutively of all the reformed churches, and endea- voured to pour contempt on colleges and universities. We hope, therefore, you will enable us to make a stand against those evils, and to be united with you in this grand design, is one reason of our present application. We can with pleasure inform you that our poor uudcrtaking has been so blessed by Providence as to exceed our expectations. Several ministers and gentlemen have helped us to books to begin a library; and we hope that in time we may obtain as^^istance from England, Ireland, and elsewhere, to enable us to fuund a college, though the troubles of the times hinder our application at present. We have not obtained a charter as yet, but have reason to hope we may pro- cure one if there be occasion ; but have another way judged by our best lawyers a good foundation to secure donations, by appointing trustees and obliging them to give declarations of trust. We have also, belonging to our Synod, a considerable fund for public uses, but have no occasion hitherto, to apply any of it to the use of the school, being otherwise supplied. What hath been said may satisfy you that our school is under such regulation as docs as nearly correspond with yours as our present circumstances will ad- mit; but we shall readily make any amendments that you desire if it be in our power. We are obliged to admit boys to read grammar, but are deter- mined to recommend none but such as have made a good proficiency in the languages, and are in some measure acquainted with the usual course of study in the arts and sciences now used in the liritish colleges, though we freely ac- knowledge our vast disadvantages, especially in natural philosophy, and will cheerfully agree, as far as our circumstances will permit, that the same, or generally the same, authors, on the arts and sciences be taught in our school as are used by you ; and would gladly be favoured with a particular account of them. The time of stay with you which you mention, and the cxjicnses, we think reasonable; yet, as learning is not in the same esteem in this govern- ment as in New England, we beg all the indulgence your constitution can allow us, lest parents grudge expenses if they run high. We heartily agree that our scholars be examined by the President and Fellows, and bo treated only according to their proficiency; that they be obliged to bring recommen- dations from our S^'uod, or trustees of the school, and shall claim no prece- dency in your classes, nor the privilege of freshmen, but what arc consistent with the good order of your college. Nor do we plead any such privilege for any but the inhabitants of J'ennsylvania, or the parts that are as far dis- tant from New Haven, and arc educated under our care, and have synodical recommendations. We further a.ssure you, that improving in the ministry such schidars as you expelled, has been as offensive to us as to you. And tho.se which joined with the Tennents and their party in this affair, as we un- derstand, have withdrawn from our synodical communion, and joined with them entirely under the denomination of the Synod of New York. As to the Synod's constitution, we are unanimously agreed in the same plan in every respect on which we constituted, and Continued in our most flourishing cir- cumstances; so M'e arc, to a man, dissatisfied with the late divisive jtraetices, and would soon, wc hope, be in a flourisliing state again had we ministers to Hupply ftur vacancies. We excluded from synodical communion, as we re- marked already, the four Tennents, IJlair, Craighead, (who is since turnecl a rigid Covenanter, or Cauieronian,) Treat, and iMr. Wales. Those, especially the Tennents, liiair, and Treat, being tlie ringleaders of our divisions, and the destroyers of good learning and go.spel order among us; and they, with 1746.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 189 a few others that joined with them, erected themselves into a separate body, and licensed and ordained men for the work of the ministry that were gene- rally ignorant, and warm in the divisive scheme, and they have troubled Vir- ginia, and the New English government, and as we are informed, pretend that they belong to our body. But we can assure you, that Mr. Gilbert Tennent, and his adherents, were disowned as members, and excluded communion, be- fore his fomous tour through the churches of New England. Some of our brethren of New York Presbytery, whom we esteem and regard, particularly Messrs. Dickinson, Pierson, and Pemberton, have always as freely, till lately, blamed those practices as any of us ; but now, through some unhappy bias, are become warm advocates for them, and blaming our method of excluding them, have for two or three years past laboured to procure them seats among us, without acknowledging their faults in dividing our churches, and promis- ing amendment before we receive them again. And we believe that their par- tiality for these men might occasion them to join in encouraging some of your disorderly scholars, which we are far from vindicating. When these gentle- men could not succeed in their attempt to bring in those itinerants without acknowledging their faults, as we said, they withdrew from the Synod, de- claring that they had no other ground to do so but our excluding those mem- bers in a way they disliked ; and last September they erected themselves into a Synod, which goes under the name of the Synod of New York. And we have now before us a letter desiring correspondence with them, by receiving two or three of their members to sit with us yearly, and sending as many to them. They also propose that we should every third year meet in some con- venient place, by delegates, to order public affairs for the glory of God, and good of the church. The proposals seem fair, but till these dividers of our churches, and who chiefly make up that body, declare against the late divisive, uncharitable practices ; till they show us in what way they intend to have their youth educated for the ministry, and be as ready to discourage all such me- thods of bringing all good learning into contempt as the shepherd's tent, we shall be shy to comply with their proposals. Thus, sir, we have given you a just account both of the Synod and school at present, by which you may understand the difficulties we labour under ; and we doubt not but your sin- cere desire to promote the interest of religion and learning among us will in- cline you to do all in your power for our help and encouragement. You will be pleased to communicate this to the corporation, and if they think fit to take any notice of it, we will depend on them to favour us with an an- swer. We heartily wish the Divine blessing on your labours in the min- istry, and in training up youth for that sacred work, and pray that your college may flourish and become more and more a blessing, not only to New England, but the neighbouring colonies, and we beg leave to assure you that to maintain a Christian, friendly correspondence with you will be a great pleasure to, very Reverend Sir, your affectionate brethren and humble servants. Ordered, That the Presbytery of New Castle inquire before our next to whom the Synod shall pay what remains of the money promised to Wilming- ton, and give the person to whom they judge it due, an order on the Synod for it. Ordered, That Messrs. Andrews and Cross write to all persons indebted to the fund to pay their respective sums, or renew their bonds for the same, be- fore our next. Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next, at three o'clock, after- noon. Concluded with prayer. 190 MINUTES OF THE [1747. 1747. The Synod of Philadelphia met, according to appointment, May the 27th, 1747. Uhi jx)st 2>rcccs sederunt Of Donogall Presbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, and Richard Zanchy. New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cathcart, Francis Alison, Alexander McDowell, Timothy Griffith, and John Steel. Philadeljihia Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cross, David Cowell, Francis McHenry, Samuel Evans. Absent from Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Thomson, Samuel Black, John Elder, Samuel Thomson, John Craig, and Samuel Cavan. Absent from New Castle Presbytery : Mr. (jcorge Crillespie. Absent from Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. l)avid Evans, Daniel Elmer, and John Guild. Since our last were ordained, by Donegall Presbytery, Mr. David Thorn; and by New Castle, Messrs. John Dick, John Hamilton, and Hector Ali- son. Elders : John Henderson, William Whiteside, John McEven, John Mc- Michael, William Finney, William Gillespie, Thomas James, John William- son, Joshua Ilill, John Cross, William Ramsey, and Nathaniel Bryan. The Synod was opened by Mr. Francis Alison, with a sermon from 1 Cor. iv. 1, 2. Mr. Alexander McDowell chosen moderator, and Mr. John Dick chosen clerk. Mr. Andrews was removed by death since our last. The Governor being to embark for England the Synod concluded to present him an address. Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 2Hlh day, at nine o'clocJc, A. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of absent members to be considered. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Cowell, Boyd, Zanchy, Thom, Griffith, Cathcart, Alison, Steel, Dick, and the moderator, be the con)mission of the Synod, and committee for the fund for the following year, and that the following elders, Messrs. John Cross, Thomas James, William (Jillesjiie, be joined with them for the committee for the fund, and that any six of said com- mis.sirtn, and the moderator, shall be a quorum. Ordered, That last year's commission of the Synod, and committee for the fund, lay (heir minutes before us in the afternoon. Ordered, That Messrs. John Steel, and Hamilton, examine I'hiladelphia Presbytery book. New Castle Presbytery are found remarkably guilty of neglecting to bring their Presbytery book to the Synod. Ordered, that they bring it to our next. Donegall Presbytery not having their book, ordered, that they bring it to our next. Inquiry being made who had brought money to the fund, it is found that there is none brought by any of the members but Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Alison, Gillespie, and M(;I)owell. Ordered, That that affair be examined at our next sederunt. Ordered, That the affair relating to the school be considered at our next sederunt, and that it be incjuired whether the trustees attended according to appointment. 1747.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 191 The affair of Wilmington decided. Upon considering the distance of the brethren in the back parts of Virginia, we think it is necessary that we should know the state of that church that is under our care, though at a distance from us ; and, therefore, it is ordered, that at least one of these brethren shall every year attend us, that we may have the pleasure of knowing the state of Christ's kingdom among them, and that we may keep Synodical communion in reality and not in name only, and ordered, that Messrs. McHenry and Zanchy write them a letter to acquaint them with the mind of the Synod in said affair. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. M. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Gillespie now present. The Presbytery of Philadelphia represented to the Synod the destitute condition of the people of Tredyffryn, by Mr. Samuel Evans' relinquishing the pastoral charge there, and earnestly desiring that the Synod would appoint Mr. Timothy Griffith to supply them as much as shall be thought proper. Ordered, That Mr. Griffith supply that people on Sabbath next, and one Sunday every month until our next, unless they be otherwise supplied ; and that the Presbytery of New Castle excuse him from supplying other vacancies during that time. Ordered, That the minutes of the commission be read. Ordered, That Mr. Alison use all endeavours to recover what is due to the Synod by the estate of Mr. Anderson. Upon a supplication from Mrs. Tennent to the Synod, desiring that the interest of the money due from her husband's estate should be remitted : the Synod agreed to remit eight pounds on condition the rest be paid on demand, and without further trouble or delay. Adjourned till to-morrow at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 29 da?/ at ten o'clock, A. M. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross and Cathcart wait on the governor with the Synod's address half an hour after twelve. The affair of the fund reassumed. Ordered, That Mr. Cross use all care to get the bond paid which is due to the Synod by Moor and Cunningham, and also what is due by Mr. Gelston, before the next meeting of the Synod. Ordered, That the committee of the fund take care of what is yet to be done before the breaking up of the Synod. Ordered, That Mr. Cross take care of the Synod's books and be treasurer. The affair of the school reassumed. Ordered, That a committee be ap- pointed to consider what may be proper for its advantage before our next sederunt, and that Messrs. Boyd, McHenry, Griffith, McDowell, and Alison, be the committee. A paper containing some scruples concerning the present method of admin- istration of the Lord's Supper, being brought in by Mr. McDowell : Ordered, That a committee be appointed to consider said paper, and to bring in an overture upon it, and that Messrs. Gillespie, Zanchy, Steel, Hamilton, Thom, Nathaniel Bryans, John Henderson, John McEven, John Whiteside, and William Gillespie, be the committee. Adjourned till two o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 192 MINUTES OF THE [1748 At Uro o^clorlc, P. M. Vhi post jveres sederunt qui sujfra. Found that Mr. David Cowcll absented without Synodical leave. The Synod's address to the governor was presented and accepted. An overture by the committee for the school was brought in and agreed to as follows : 1. That the Sj'nod endeavour to pay the arrears now due out of the fund. 2. That every Presbytery recommend it to their respective members to be careful to raise collections among their people for the use of the school, and inquire at the meetings of the several members' conduct therein, and give an account thereof to the Synod at our next meeting, and that such as supply vacancies be industrious to obtain contributions from them, and that such con- gregations as contribute to the support of the school, shall be that year freed from contributing to the fund as usual. A letter from the Kev, 3Ir. Clap, President of Yale College, and Fellows, was laid before the Synod, and it was ordered, that Messrs. Cross, Alison, and the moderator, write an answer. The committee appointed to consider the paper brought in by Mr. McDow- ell, returned the following overture : That we, the committee which was appointed to bring in an overture on the paper of scruples, concerning the present manner of administering the Lord's Supper, laid before the Synod ; being satisfied that said scruples are of such importance as require much deliberation, do therefore humbly offer to the Synod, that a copy of said scruples be transmitted by Mr. McDowell to each Presbytery, to be communicated to every particular session, and when considered both in sessions and Presbyteries, that each Presbytery lay their judgments before the Synod against our next. Ordered, That the commission of the Synod be the committee for the school, to meet the second "Wednesdays of October and March, and that five of them and the moderator be a quorum, as the commission of the Synod, and that they then examine Mr. Israel lieid, and give him a certificate if he be approved. Ordered, The Committee of the fund meet to-morrow morning at nine o'clock, at 3Ir. Cross's. Adjourned till the fourth "Wednesday of Maj next. Concluded with prayer. 1748. The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment. Mdi/ "Ihth, 1748. Chi post preccs sederunt Ministers of the Presbytery of Philadelphia : Messrs. llobert Cross, Fran- cis McIIonry, John Guild. Absent: Messrs. David Evans, David Cowcll, and Daniel Elmer. Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, John Elder, Richard Zanchy, and David Thom. Absent : Messrs. John Thomson, Samuel Thomson, John Craig, and Samuel Caven. New Castle I'resbytcry: Messrs. Francis Alison, Alexander McDowell, John Steel, John Hamilton, Hector Alison, Timothy Griffith, and David Brown. Absent : Messrs. George Gillespie and Robert Cathcart. Elders : Messrs. Robert IMathies, John Manillee, Alexander Rogers, Robert Taylor, AV^illiam Cunningham, James Snodgrass, John Scot, John Crosson, John Callwell, Nathaniel Williams, Thomas Jones, Gillbelcher Parker. The Synod was opened by a sermon from Psal. cxxxvii. G, by Mr. Alex- ander McDowell. 1748.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 193 Mr. John Elder chosen moderator, and Mr, Steel clerk. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. May 26, the Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi post preces sederunt qiii supra. Messrs. Gillespie's and Cathcart's absence excused. Messrs. Elder's and Guild's absence excused. Since our last Mr. John Dick was removed by death. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, McHenry, Guild, Francis Alison, McDowell, Griffith, Boyd, Zanchy, and Thorn, be the commission and committee for the fund for the following year, and that the following elders, Messrs. Robert Mathies, Alexander llogers, John Scot, be joined with them for the committee for the fund, and that any five of said commission, with the moderator, be a quorum. Ordered, Mr. Alison and the moderator examine Philadelphia Presbytery book. The Presbytery of New Castle declared that in pursuance to the Synod's order, have appointed at several times men to prepare their book for the Synod, but these members found such difficulties that they have not yet said book in proper order. The Presbytery promises to endeavour that it shall be ready against our next. Ordered, That Messrs. McHenry and Guild examine Donegal! Presbytery book. Ordered, That the Presbytery books be brought to our next sederunt. Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, it was found that none brought but Messrs. Robert Cross, McHenry, and Francis Alison. The affair of the School referred. Ordered, That the Presbytery of Donegall write to Virginia, to let the ministers know that we expect one of their members yearly to attend our Synod, that we may know the state of their churches. Ordered, That Mr. Timothy Griffith supply Trediffrin once in the two months, unless they can be otherwise supplied ; and if New Castle Presbytery can procure supplies for the vacancies, he is appointed to supply them once a month as formerly, and that he be exempted from any other supplies. The Synod recommends to Philadelphia Presbytery to allow Trediffrin as many supplies as they can. Ordered, That Mr. Alison continue his endeavours to recover what is due to the Synod by Mr. Anderson's estate. Ordered, That Mr. Cross take care to recover the debts due to our fund by. Messrs. Gelston and Cunningham. The affair of the scruples referred. Adjourned to four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At four o'clock, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, The Presbytery books brought in at our next sederunt. The affair of the school continued. The affair of the scruples continued. In pursuance to a supplication from Virginia, the Synod appoints that one minister be sent in the fall and another in the spring, to preach in the back parts of Virginia each eight Sabbaths, and that such members be exempted till all other members of the Synod do the same, and that said ministers' congre- gations be supplied during their absence, one half of the time by their respec- tive Presbytery. Ordered, That Mr. Richard Zanchy supply eight Sabbaths in the back parts 25 IM MINUTES OF THE [1749. of Virginia this fall ; and that Mr. Steel supply eight weeks in the spring, aud return before next Synod. It is also reconimonded to the Presbytery of Doucgall, to scud their supplies to Virginia as often as they can conveniently. Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. Mni/ 27, nine d'docl:, A. M. Ubi jMst prcrcs sederunt qui nupra. Mr. David Urown, a minister of the gospel from North ]}ritain, being ad- mitted a member of the Presbytery of New Castle, timk his place among us. The I'resbytery of Philadelphia have not brought in their book. The Synod on serious consideration, finding that the salaries appointed for master and usher of the public school, were not sufficient encouragement, order that the master be allowed forty pounds, and the usher twenty pounds per annum, which salaries are to be raised by collections from the several congre- gations, whether enjoying the stated ordinances or vacant, and by sessing each scholar twenty shillings per annum, only allowing the committee for said school to exempt such scholars as they shall think proper; and if these two methods will not answer the above demands, the remainder is to be paid out of the yearly interest of the Synod's fund. The affair of the scruples referred. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o^ clock, P. M. Uhi post preces sedemint qui supra. Ordered, That Messrs. McHenry, Cross, Thorn, Boyd, Griffith, iNIcDowell, Cathcart, Hector Alison, Hamilton, and Steel, be a committee for the school, to meet the second Tuesday of October. In pursuance to an order of the Synod to the several Presbyteries and Ses- sions thereunto belonging, to consider some scruples concerning the manner of administering the sacrament of the Lord's Supper amongst us, oft'ered by a member to the Synod for his own satisfaction, in order to the being prepared to give their opinion of them at the next meeting of the Synod ; accordingly the Synod having heard, and seriously considered, what was offered by the several Presbyteries, and several members finding that the scrupler was not fully satisfied by what was offered, judge it most expedient to leave said scrupler to act in that affair as he shall think most for the glory of God and the edifica- tion of his congregation. Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at nine o'clock to-morrow, or Monday, about that affair, aud that they make a return of what they do, at the next meeting of the Synod, viz. the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer. 1710. The Synod met at Philadelphia, according to appointment. May the 24ost p>rcces sederunt qui s^ttpra. The affair of reassumed. Another question was put, what censure is to be inflicted upon him for his misconduct in the above mentioned affair? And after serious consideration and much reasoning on this head, the Synod came to a resolution, that a rebuke before the Synod was necessary to .show our detestation of such rash proceedings in young people. And that Mr. John Thomson admonish him. being called, the minute in respect to his affair was read and he cen- sured accordingly, to which he submitted. The Synod being informed, that two young men were ready to offer thcra- Bclves to examination by the Synod or committee, according to the act, Messrs. Thomson, Elder, Zanchy, Cross, McIIenry, Guild, McDowell, Steel, and Cathcart, were appointed to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, to examine them, and that as many of the other brethren as think lit may attend. The affair of the fund and school continued. Adjourned till nine, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1751.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 199 3Iai/ 26, nine o^cloclc, A. M. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee apjoointetl to examine the candidates attended according to appointment, and report to the Synod that they approve of them. Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer. 1751. The Synod met according to adjournment. 3Iay ''I'ld, 1751. Ubi post preces sederunt Members of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, Black, and Tate. Absent : John Thomson, Zanehy, S. Thomson, and Craig. Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross and McHenry. Absent : Messrs. Elmer, Cowell, and Guild. New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Cathcart, Francis Alison, Steel, Hector Alison, and Griffith. Absent : Messrs. Gillespie, McDowell, and Hamilton. Elders : Messrs. Andrew Wilson, William Armstrong, David Craig, Robert Matthews, John McMiehael, George Currie, Andrew Porter, James Mcllvaine, Thomas James, and William Ramsey. Mr. Robert Cross chosen moderator, and Mr. Hector Alison clerk. The Synod was opened by a sermon on 1 Cor. iv. 2, by Mr. John Steel. Mr. Samuel Caven is deceased since our last, and likewise Mr. David Evans. The afiair of Mr. Samuel Evans referred. The ajBTair of the union referred. Ordered, That Messrs. McHenry, Cowell, Cathcart, Boyd, Griffith Elder, Francis Alison, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, and be the committee for the fund, and that four with the moderator be a quorum ; and that Robert Mathies, George Currie, and William Armstrong, be joined in the affair of the fund. Ordered, The Presbyteries' books be brought to the next Synod. Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, the following brethren brought : Messrs. Boyd, Tate, Cross, Cathcart, Alison, and Steel. Ordered, That Mr. Cross write to Lewistown, to put them in mind of their duty concerning the fund. Mr. Elder's affair referred. The affair of the school referred. The order on Mr. Cross with respect to the sums due by Messrs. Gelston and Cunningham, be continued. Adjourned till nine o'clock in the morning. Concluded with prayer. May 23, nine o'clock, A. M. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of Mr. Samuel Evans continued. The affair of the union continued. Mr. Elder's affair continued. The affair of the school continued. Mr. Griffith fulfilled his appointment in Virginia. Mr. Thomson failed to fulfil his appointments in Virginia, and excused. Ordered, That Mr. Hector Alison supply the back parts of Virginia eight Sabbaths next fall. Ordered, That Mr. Smith supply the back parts of Virginia eight Sabbaths next spring. Ordered, That Mr. Black supply Buffalo settlement and adjacent places four Sabbaths before our next. Ordered, That Mr. Craig supply about Roanoke and Reedy Creek, and places adjacent, three Sabbaths, and the South Branch of Potomac and places adjacent, three Sabbaths more before our next. 200 MIXCTES OF THE [1751. Ordered, That ^fr. Smith supply at Norrington the ensuing Sabbath, and at the Great ValK y the Tuesday fcillowing. The affair of the school and fund continued. Mr. (Jriffith complied with the appointment of the Synod with respect to the Great A'alioy. Mr. Griffith met at Brown's meeting-house in Virginia, according to appoint- ment, and none other of the members meeting, nor both parties, nothing was done in the affair. Ordered, Messrs. Black and Alison meet next fall at Brown's meeting- house to try what they can do in the aflFair, and report the same to the Synod next meeting. Messrs. Thomson and Cathcart met at White Clay Creek, according to last year's appointment, about Mr. Alison's affair, and though they then had not full 8ati.sfaction of seeing that affair concluded at that time, yet the Synod is now fully satisfied by credible information, that all obligations between said parties are mutually discharged to the satisfaction of both. Commissioners from Norrington petitioned the Synod for supplies for the ensuing year, which is referred till the afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three d clock, P. M. Uhi post prcces sederunt qui supra. Upon considering the conduct of Mr. Samuel Evans, which was referred to the Synod for advices, it is agreed : That Mr. Evans having acted disorderly in dissolving the pastoral relation between himself and his people, and having travelled to England again and again, without certificates by way of recom- mendation to the churches in that part of the world ; and having in other things acted, from time to time, in a way unsuitable to his character as a gospel minister, we disown him as a member of this Synod until he give us satisfaction by a return to his duty, and amend his life and conduct. The affair of the union continued. Mr. Elder's affair continued. The affair of the school continued. The affair of the Great Valley and Norrington came under consideration, and appointed that Mr. McIIenry supply the first Sabbath of August, of Feb- ruary, and May, at Norrington, if they be vacant ; and that Mr. Cowell and Guild supply the same place the first Sabbath of July, September, October, December and January; and that Mr. Griffith supply them one Sabbath before December next, and must acquaint them of the day. Ordered, That Mr. (iriffith supply the congregation of the Great Valley one Sabbath in the month until the candidates are liccn.sed, and the Pres- bytery of Philadelphia agrees that these congregations may apply to New Castle Presbytery for su])plies from the said candidates when licensed, by turns, and that Mr. McIIenry supply the Great Valley the fiirst Sabbath of November. Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. May 24/A, at nine o'clock, A. M. Uhi post p>rccei sederunt qui supra. The affair of the union continued. Mr, Elder's affair continued. The affair of the school continued. Upon considering the affair of the union, our Synod sent a messenger to Mr. Hazard's to see whether the Synod of New York had left any proposals with him to be delivered to us, to which he answered, they had; but that he ■was ordered not to deliver them to us without receiving our proposals to them. 1751.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 201 The Synod finding that there was some misapprehension between them and the Synod of New York, about the meaning of both parties delivering their proposals sealed to Mr. Hazard, came to the following resolution : That since our brethren will not allow us to see their proposals till we give ours in writing, which our commissioners to Trenton do not agree to be the intention of that proposal ; but that this method was intended to prevent cla- mour and misrepresentations. We are determined to send them our proposals as soon as possible, but the minutes of our proceeding in that affair, being in Mr. McHenry's hands, so that we cannot proceed as we could wish, we recommend it to our brethren, to use all endeavours to promote a healing spirit, so that our designs may be brought to a comfortable issue, and we shall, through divine assistance, labour to do the same ; and we shall meet for this purpose the fii-st Wednesday of September next, in Philadelphia, that the Synod of New York may have an opportunity of considering our overtures, and taking proper measures for the concluding a union, which may be of much advantage to this church. Ordered, That a copy of this minute be delivered to the Rev. Mr. Gilbert Tennent. Ordered, That Mr. Hector Alison stay in town till he transcribe our minutes for these years past, and that he be paid out of the fund for this service, and for settling the accounts of the fund. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod being informed that Mr. Hugh Knox and Mr. John Alison, are waiting on them to be examined according to the rules of this Synod, it is agreed that they attend the Presbytery of New Castle, at Elk River, the first Tuesday of August, and be examined by them, and that Messrs. Boyd and Tate correspond with them at that time. The afiair of the school considered, and ordered, That four scholars be en- tirely exempted from paying, and the residue of the twenty pounds is to be divi- ded among such as Mr. Alison shall think fit. Three being mentioned for this purpose. Ordered, That the last year's minute relating to the school be continued. Ordered, to allow Mr. Gillespie five pounds out of the fund for building his meeting-house, and five pounds to Mr. Elder, the fii'st to be paid on demand, and the last at our next meeting in September, Adjourned till the first Wednesday of September ensuing. Concluded with prayer. 1751. The Synod met according to adjournment at four o'clock, P. M. September 4th, 1751. VM post preces sederunt Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, and Zanchy. Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross and McHenry. New Castle Presbytery: Messrs. Cathcart, Alison^ Steel; and Hector Alison. Elders: Messrs. Robert Chambers, John Watt, Robert Mathies, James Scot. Mr. Cross continued moderator, and Hector Alison clerk. Absent from Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Thomson, Tate, Craig, and Black. From Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Cowell, and Guild. From 26 ^0^ MINUTES OF THE [1751. Now Castle Presbytery: Messrs. Gillespie, McDowell, GrifiBth, and Ila- niilton. OiJerod, That Messrs. :MoTTenry, Cowell, Catlioart, Boyd, Cliiffitli, Elder, Francis Alison, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission ot" the Synod for the ensuing year, and be the commitece for the fund. And that four with the moderator be a quorum. And ordered. That the Presbytery of New Castle examine the young men next October, who offered themselves to trials at the last meeting of our Synod. Ordered, That the Presbytery Books be brought against our next Synod. Ordered, That ]Mr. Cross either get in the interest due upon our bonds, or that he sue for the principal and interest, and that it be reported at our next sedrrvnt what interest is due, and in whose name the bonds are taken. Ordered, That the minutes of our last be consulted with reference to our Syuiulioal appointments. The affair of the school continued, as we determined at our last meeting, to the minutes of which we refer for further information. The affair of the union of the two Synods taken under consideration. Ordered, That a copy of the proposals of the Synod of New York for a union with this Synod in the year 1749, which were hitherto omitted, be now inserted ; which are as follow : The Synod of New York are deeply sensible of the many unhappy conse- quences that flow from our present divided state, and have with pleasure ob- served a spirit of moderation increasing between many of the members of both Synods ; this opens a door of hope, that if we were united in one body we might be able to carry on the designs of religion in future peace and agree- ment, to our mutual satisfaction ; and though we retain the same sentiments of the work of God which we formerly did, yet we esteem mutual forbear- ance our duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith, and Direc- tory of worship. We would, therefore, humbly propose to our brethren of the Synod of Philadelphia, that all our former differences be buried in perpet- ual oblivion, and that for the time to come both Synods be united in one, and thenceforth there be no contention among us, but to carry it towards each other in the most peaceable and brotherly manner, which we are persuaded vill be for the honour of our Master, the credit of our profession, and the edi- fication of the churches committed to our care. Accordingly we appoint the Ilev. Messrs. John Picrson, Gilbert Tennent, Ebenezer Pembcrton, and Aaron Burr, to be our delegates to wait upon the Synod of ]Miiladelj)hia with these proposals, and if they shall see meet to join with us in this desirable design, we think it would be best to appoint a commission of both the Synods to meet at such time and place as they shall choo.se, and finally to determine this affair. And to preserve the common peace we would desire that all names of distinctiim which have been made use of in the late times, be for ever abolished ; that every member give his consent to the Westminister Confession of Faith and Directory, according to the ])lan formerly agreed to by the Synod of I'hiladelphia, in the year 172i>. Further, tliat every member promise that after any question has been determined by a major vote, he will actively con- cur, or passively submit, to the judgment of the body, but if his eonseicnee permit him to comjily with neither of these, that then he sliall be obliged peaceably to withdraw from our synodical communion, without any attempt t<) make a schism or division among us. This is not intended to extend to any cases but those which the Synod judge essential to the maintaining of doctrine, discipline, and worsiiip ; that all our present congregations bo ac- knowledged aa congregations belonging to the Synod, but to belong to the 1751.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 203 same Presbytery as they now do, till a favourable opportunity presents for an advantageous alteration. That we all agree to esteem and treat it as a culpa- ble evil to accuse any of our members of error in doctrine, or immorality in conversation, any otherwise than by private reproof, till the accusation has been brought before a regular judicature, and issued according to the known rules of our discipline. Signed per order of the Synod, Per Samuel Finly, Synod Clerk. The delegates from the Synod of New York agreed to the following con- cessions and amendments in the forementioned proposals, which, according to the references in them are as follow : 1. Though great and good men have been of different opinions. 2. Always reserving a liberty for such dissenting members to lay their grievances before the Synod in a peaceable manner. N. B. What remains of the sentence to be erased. That there be no intrusions into the bounds of Presbyteries, or pastoral charges, against the inclination of the Presbyteries or pastors. That all candidates for the work of the sacred ministry either be examined and approved by the Synod or its commission, previous to their admission upon trials by any of our Presbyteries ; or else, that they be obliged to obtain a college diploma, or a certificate from the president or trustees of the college, that they have been examined and found qualified. Mr. Cxilbert Tennent only objected against the synodical examination of young men. Agreed that the commissioners ripen things for our next synodical meet- ing, but not finally determine any thing. The commissions of the Synods of Philadelphia and New York met each other according to agreement at Trenton, Mr. Cowell chosen moderator, and Thomas Arthur clerk. Some difficulties arising in the conversations of the commissioners of both Synods, they came finally and unanimously into this agreement, that both Synods at their next meeting, do more fully prepare, and then interchange, mutual proposals for an accommodation, and in the mean time there be a mu- tual endeavour to cultivate a spirit of candour and friendship. Thomas Arthur, Clerk. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. September the 5th. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod met according to adjournment. The order relating to the fund continued. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. 31. Ubi ptost preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod met according to adjournment. The Synod having maturely and seriously considered the affair of the union, agreed at last, ncmine contradicente, that the following terms be pro- posed to the Synod of New York, and that Hector Alison transcribe them against our next meeting. Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. September the Qth. Vbi iwst preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod met according to adjournment. The proposals were transcribed and brought in according to appointment^ which were approved, and sent to Mr. Hazard, and are as follow : 204 MINUTES OF THE [1751. " The Synod of Philadelphia being deeply sensible of the unhappy con- Bcquenecs of division, are willing with pleasure, to listen to proposals for heal- ing the breaches between the two Synods, and as the Synod of York ex- presses an earnest desire of an union, that we may be able jointly to carry on the design of religion in future peace and agreement, we have considered your plan of an accommodation laid before us in the year 1749, and find that it has a peaceable tendency, and for this reason we determine to comply with the proposals you laid down, as closely and as far as we can expect to preserve our future peace and agreement, and to mention briefly the plan of union and rules of our conduct for time to come towards each other, and in our judica- tures. We propose, therefore, (as the Synod of York have proposed to us,) we agree that all names of distinctions which have been made use of in late times, be for ever abolished. 2. " That every member give his assent to the Westminster Confession of Faith and Directory, according to the plan agreed on in our Synod, and that no acts be made but concerning matters that appear to the body plain duty, or concerning opinions that we believe relate to the great truths of religion, and that all public and fundamental agreements of this Synod stand safe. 3. " That every member engage that after any question has been deter- mined by a major vote, he will actively concur, or passively submit, to the judgment of the body, or if his conscience permit him to comply with neither of these, he shall be obliged to withdraw peaceably, always reserving him a liberty to sue for a review, and to lay his grievances before the body in a Christian manner. 4. " That we agree to esteem it a culpable evil, and treat it as such, to ac- cuse any of our brethren of error in doctrine, or immorality in practice, other- wise than by private admonition, or to spread evil surmises that he is grace- less, or unconverted, till the accusation has been brought before a regular judicature, and issued according to the rules of well known church discipline. 5. " That no intrusions into the bounds of any of our Presbyteries, or pas- toral charges, without the consent of the Presbytery, or minister, be first ob- tained implicitly or explicitly ; and that no person be excluded from any of our judicatures without regular proceedings, according to our known rules of church discipline ', and that all candidates for the sacred work of the ministry be either examined by the Synod, or their commission, and be approved by them, in the languages and philosophy, or shall be obliged to bring a college certificate or diploma, to assert that they are suitably qualified according to the rules of that college, before they be admitted to trials in any of our Pres- byteries, and we promise that we will encourage them to fall in with this last as the most honourable and customary. G. " We propose, according to the first article, that all names of distinc- tion shall be for ever abolished, and for this purpose we think it necessary that our Presbyteries shall be made up every where of the ministers that live contiguous to one another, so that there shall be no such party names, as old and new Presbyteries, for old and new congregations to repair to, that they may obtain ministers bearing party names ; and that if any minister shall be dissatisfied to sit with the Presbytery that is next to him, he shall, upon ap- plication to the Synod, have liberty to join with the neighbouring ]*resbytcry which he shall choose, if they think it for edification to allow him the liberty. 7. **' And though we cannot but lament the divisive practices that have been carried on in thi.s church these several years, so much to the disadvantage of religion, yet out of a sincere regard to the peace of the church we propose that such congregations where there are new erections, each of which are able to support a minister, be continued, and that such congregations where there 1752.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 205 are two parties, and neither supplied with a minister, that all care be taken by the Presbytery to which they belong to unite them, but that where any erec- tions have been made by these practices to the prejudice of former standing congregations, and said erections supplied with ministers, that said ministers be removed, and all proper methods taken to heal the breach. And though this last proposal may seem to bear hard on some ministers, yet we hope that few will be affected by it, and that these may find more com- fortable settlements in our numerous vacancies, and be more extensively ser- viceable in Christ's vineyard ; and upon these terms we heartily agree with the Synod of York, that since we profess the same Confession of Faith, and Directory for worship, all our former differences be buried in perpetual obli- vion, and that henceforth there be no contention among us but to carry it towards each other in the most amicable and brotherly manner. Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May. Concluded with prayer. The Synod of Philadelphia met according to adjournment. May 27, 1752. Uhi post preces sederunt From Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Elder, Thomson, Tate. Absent : Messrs. Zanchy, Craig, Black. Present, Mr. Smith. Philadelphia: Messrs. Cross, Cowell, and McHenry. Absent: Messrs. Elder and Gruild. \ew Castle : Messrs. Cathcart, Francis Alison, McDowell, Griffith, Steel, and Hector Alison. Absent : Messrs. Gillespie and Hamilton. Elders : Messrs. Thomas Hope, Thomas Dugan, James Murphie, Andrew Boggs, John Cross, Hugh Ferguson, James Smith, Nathaniel Williams, Fran- cis Williamson, John Hall, John McNeal, James Pagan. Mr. Cowell moderator, Mr. Sampson Smith clerk. The Synod was opened by a sermon on 1 Tim. iv. 16, by Mr. Cross, last year's moderator. The Presbytery of Donegall ordained Mr. Sampson Smith to the work of the ministry since our last meeting, who is now received as a member of this Synod. Mr. Thomson's last year's absence excused for indisposition. Mr. Cow- ell's absence excused. Mr. McDowell excused for reasons given. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Cathcart Griffith, McHenry, Elder, McDowell, Tate, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, and the committee for the fund ; and that four with the moderator be a quoroum. And that John Cross, James Murphey, and Hugh Ferguson, elders, be joined in the affair of the fund. Ordered, That the Presbyteries bring in their books against our next. Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, the following brethren, Messrs. McHenry, Boyd, Tate, Steel, McDowell, Cathcart, brought something. The consideration of the collection of the fund referred. Ordered, That Mr. Cross let Mr. Gelston know that the Synod will remit the interest of the money which he owes them, provided that he forthwith pays the principal. The affair of the school deferred. Mr. Hector Alison and Mr. Smith fulfilled tbeir appointments in Virginia. Further appointments to Virginia deferred. Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 206 MINUTES OF THE [1752. May 28/A, at nine o'clocJc, A. M. I'hi post prcces sederunt qui supra. The Synod met according to adjourment. The consideration of the collection for the fund referred. The affair of the school referred. The affair of the union deferred. The petition of Catharine Cowan was brought in and read ; the Synod refer this affair to the Pre.>rfffs sederunt qui svjn-a. The Synod met at ten o'clock, according to adjournment. Mr. Francis Alison re(|uested that he should be allowed to sit as a member of the I'resbytcry of I'liiladcliihia, seeing he was settled in their bounds; and it is ordcrrd tliat he belong to said I'resbytery. Affair of fund, collection, and school, &c. deferred. I 1752.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 207 The committee appointed to consider the terms of accommodation offered us by the Synod of New York, brought in an overture, which was considered and approved, and is as follows : " Upon perusal of yours, our pleasing views of a comfortable union, from repeated intimations of your readiness to comply with what appeared reason- able, are considerably abated ; especially as we apprehend you receding further from a union, and from your own former proposals in order thereunto, which we shall fully point out, being persuaded it is our duty, being willing for and desirous of a reasonable accommodation. " 1st. Y''ou have repeatedly proposed that all former differences be buried in perpetual oblivion, which you apprehend for the honour of our Master, the credit of our profession, and the edification of the church. How, consistently therewith, do you insist that the protestation of the Synod, in the year 1741, be declared void and of none effect ? and that this declaration shall be a term of union, since the Synod have assured you, and are willing to declare, that upon the union, they shall act and carry it towards you as if this protestation had never been made, looking upon the design of the protestation answered by reasonable terms of union; and if any thing further be intended by your insisting that said protestation be declared void and of no effect, we assure you we are well satisfied that said protestation was made on sufficient and justi- fiable grounds, and we are not in the least convinced that the Synod acted wrong in said step. '< 2dly. You insist that Presbyteries shall continue as they are, and declare you see no reason to dissolve the new modeled Presbyteries. How is this con- sistent with your proposals, that all differences be perpetually buried, and that all names and distinctions be for ever abolished ; nay, how can you reconcile it in your own minds with the peace of this church, the valuable end to be aimed at by the union ? besides we acquainted you, that an uniting of Pres- byteries appeared to us so requisite to the peace of our church, that unless your delegates had given us, by their concessions, ground to believe your Synod would have consented to this, we should have looked upon any attempt for union as vain and useless. " And your own former proposals on this head, viz : that congregations as they are at present, should belong to the same Presbytery they now do, till a favourable opportunity of an advantageous alteration, gave us ground to appre- hend that you would consent, from the apparent necessity of the thing, to this advantageous alteration. " 3dly. You have formerly declared, that though your sentiments, of what you esteemed a work of Grod, continued the same, yet you judged mutual for- bearance your duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith and Directory for worship. But now you seem to insist on a joint testimony for such a glorious work of God, in the late religious appearances, as a term of union, by making it one of your proposals for peace and union, that you hope both Synods will go into such a testimony. How is this consistent with your former professed sentiments of the duty of forbearance in said case, and with your declared sentiments, that no difference in judgment in cases of plain sin and duty, and opinions relating to the great truths of religion, is a sufficient reason wliy the differing member should be obliged to withdraw, unless the said plain duty or truth be judged by the body essential, in doctrine or discipline ? And we think it strange you would insist on this or even mention it as a proposal for union, seeing your delegates before us conceded that both great and good men had differed from them on that head, besides your own declaration on that affair, viz : that you doubt not but that there were several follies and ex- travagancies of the people and artifices of Satan intermixed with what you call a glorious work of God's Spirit, plainly evince the difficulty of such a testi-. 208 MINUTES OF THE [1752. mony, especially to such ■who cannot easily be persuaded to declare that these religious appearances were a saving work of God's Spirit. " Besides, in order to such a testimony, in an affair confessedly difficult, that it be consistent with reason and a good conscience, we apprehend that it is your business and duty who hope for, and insist on such testimony, that you point out what you believe to be a glorious work of God's Spirit in the late religious appearances, and what to be the follies and extravagancies of the people, and the artifices of Satan, that so a distinct testimony be given for the encuuragement of the one, and for preventing the other, and undeceiving many among the simple and ignorant who may have mistaken the one fur the other, and yet continue in the mistake. "4thly. We have condescended for the sake of peace, that all the minis- ters belonging to your Synod, and all their congregations, should belong to this body ; but when intrusions have been made by disorderly ministers into our congregations, so as to render them incapable to perform their solemn en- gagements to their pa.stors, we think these things that are so unjust ought to be rectified, yet, if consistent with the rights of gospel ministers, you can find a salve fur this difficulty, we will gladly approve of it. *' 5thly. As for our sentiments in other affairs, relating to the proposed union, we refer you to our late proposals, which we apprehend just and rea- sonable, and as yet see no just reasons to recede from, or make any material abatements of them ; and particularly in regard to proposals for deciding affairs by majority of vote, we apprehend it strictly Presbyterian and reasonable, and are not convinced that the alteration in that article proposed by you about what is essential and what not, is necessary ; nay, we apprehend that such an altera- tion as stated by you, has a bad aspect, and opens a door for an unjustifiable latitude both in principles and practice, " Gthly. We are much satisfied to hear you propose that young men should bring college certificates, seeing that you have now, by the goodness of Divine Providence, a college erected. We are and ever were as much for this, and more than some of these brethren who once belonged to this Synod ; and we would put you in mind that there were colleges erected in reach of your youth before you had one in New Jersey. But no regard was to be paid to our re- peated desires and public votes that our young men should have education, and certificates from them, when it was proposed by our Synod ; and we think that our Synod may find, among their number, men as well qualified to examine and judge of men's abilities as either the tutors, trustees, or rectors of your college, so that we think the approbation of our Synod, or committee, a good alternative, and yet will give it up if you oblige all your candidates to bring college certificates, unless in extraordinary cases, and these shall be settled to prevent such disorders as we have seen and felt in time past. "At present we arc well pleased with any degree of a disposition towards peace and union professed by you, and are resolved to cultivate and improve, in ourselves, and others in any measure under our influence, the same peace- able disposition, and to concur heartily with you in any plan of accommodation reasonable and consistent with our profession as I'resbyterians, and for the good of the Church and honour of our Lord and Master." At three o*cIoc7c, P. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui mpra. The Synod met according to adjournment. The affair of the school came under consideration, and it is appointed that it be under the care of Mr. Alexander McDowell fur the ensuing year, and that he employ an assistant, and that it be examined by the Presbytery of New 1753.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 209 Castle the second "Wednesday of April, and that he be allowed for his encour- agement twenty pounds per annum. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 3Iay BOtJi, at nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met. Uhi post preces sederunt qui svpra. Ordered, That the letter for the Synod of New York be sent to them, and committed to the care of Mr. Samuel Hazard. Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May 1753. Concluded with prayer. 1753. The Synod met according to adjournment. Ilai/ 23, 1753. Uhi post preces sederunt From the Presbytery of Donegall: Messrs. Boyd, Zanchy, Elder, Tate, Smith. Absent : Messrs. Thomson, Craig, Black. From Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross and Alison. Absent : Messrs. Cowell, Elmer, Guild, McHenry. From New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Cathcart, Steel, Alison. Absent : Messrs. Grillespie, McDowell, Grriffith, Hamilton. Elders : Francis Gardner, Robert Dugan, Brice Innis, Patrick Campbell, William Marshall, John Williamson, John Hall, Moses Irwin, James Mackey. The Synod was opened by Mr. Hector Alison, with a sermon from Jer. ix. 23, 24 ; Mr. Cowell, last year's moderator, being absent. Mr. Hector Alison chosen moderator, Mr. Zanchy clerk. Mr. Zanchy gave reasons for his absence last year, which were sustained. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Cathcart, Steel, Elder, McHenry, McDowell, Tate, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, and the committee for the fund ; and that four, with the mode- rator, be a quorum ; and that Patrick Campbell, William Marshall, and John Cross, be joined in the affair of the fund. Ordered, That the Presbyteries bring in their books to-morrow morning. Inquiry being made who had brought money for the fund, it was found the following brethren brought, viz. Messrs. Boyd, two pounds five shillings; Tate, one pound six shillings ; Steel, seventeen shillings ; Smith, one pound ten shillings; Cathcart, ten shillings; Hector Alison, one pound; Cross, six pounds thirteen shillings; McDowell, thirteen shillings and four pence; Mr. Zanchy's congregation is to contribute to the fund for the use of the school. The affair of Virginia deferred. The affair of the school deferred. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. May 24:ih, at nine o' clock f A. 31. Ubi post preces sederunt qui s^ipra. The Synod met according to adjournment. The Bev. Messrs. John Thomson and Hugh Conn died since our last Synod. Messrs. McDowell and Griffith came this day and gave the reasons of their yesterday's absence, which were sustained. Mr. Cowell sent us a letter containing reasons for his non-attendance, which were sustained. The Presbytery of New Castle brought in their book according to yesterday's order, and Messrs. Elder and Tate are appointed to revise it. 27 SllO MINUTES OF THE [1753. The affair of Virfrinia inions and practices of the sccedcrs, and get them printed, and that the books be divided among the ministers, who are to sell them where these gentlemen are doing most damage. Memorandum, that no one piece exceed a sheet. At the request of Mr. Cross, it is ordered, that Mr. Alison or Mr. Cross shall have allowance to write to any minister to come and preach two Sabbaths at any time during Mr. Cross's illness. Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at Mr. Cross's, at four o'clock, this afternoon. Adjourned till the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer. 1735, The Synod met according to appointment. Phihid(/j)hia, Mai/ 2Sth, 1755. Uhi 2^ost j'ircccs sederunt From Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Alison, McIIenry, Cowell, Guild, and Kinkead. From New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. McDowell and Alison. From Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, Zanchy, Steel, Tate, Smith, and McMordie. Elders : Messrs. John Johnston, William Donaldson, Thomas Hope, James Anderson, Thomas Scot, and Joseph Armstrong. Absent of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Gillespie and Hamilton. Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Elder, Thomson, Black, and Craig. Mr. Tate chosen moderator, Mr. Donaldson clerk. Mr. McIIenry, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon from Heb. x. 24. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow, A. M. Concluded with prayer. May 2^th. The Synod met according to adjournment. Vhi 2'>ost preccs sederunt qui sujn-a. Messrs. Zanchy, Tate, and Guild, gave reasons for their absence from last year's Synod, which were sustained. Since our last Mr. Elmer is removed by death. Mr. Gillespie's absence excused because of his indisposition. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Steel, Cowell, Snath, McIIenry, Francis Alison, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year. The affair of the fund deferred. None of the Presbyteries jiroduced their books, the omission is greatly blamed, and it is recoDjmcnded to them to be more careful for the time to come. ln(iuiry b(!ing made who had brought numey for the fund, it is found that none advanced any, save Messrs. (!ro.ss, Boyd, Zanchy, Steel, and Mc- IIenry. The affair of th(i school deferred. Messrs. Tate and Kinkead fultilled their aj)pointments in A'irginia. The mission to Virginia and (Carolina om New Castle: 31r. Gillespie. Mr. Tate, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon from 2 Cor. V. 20. Since our last the Rev. Mr. John Hamilton was removed by death. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Francis Alison, Steel, Cowell, McUenry, Tate, Smith, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod, and committee for the fund for the ensuing year The affair of the fund deferred. None of the Presbyteries produced their books, the omission is greatly blamed, and it is recommended to them to be more careful for the future. Inquiry being made who had brought any thing for the fund, it was found that Messrs. Cross, Cowell, Guild, McIIenry, Boyd, I'nte, McKennan, "Wil- son, Alison, and Smith, brought some. The affair of the school deferred. Ordered, That every Presbytery appoint one of their number to preach on Friday evenings at the future meetings of the Synod, if required. The affair of the widows' and Synod's funds deferred. The supplications from Virginia and North Carolina, being taken under consideration, ordered, Tliat Mr. John Alison supply those vacancies next fall and winter. And the Synod recommend it to him, and all such as may be sent by us to supply these distant parts, to study in all tlioir public adminis- trations and private conversations, to promote peace and unity among the socie- ties, and to avoid whatever may tend to foment divisions and party spirit j and to treat every minister of the gospel from the Synod of New York, of the like principles and peaceful tcmj»er, in a brotherly manner; as we desire to promote true religion and not party designs. And the Synod resolve to send a copy of these instructions to our brethren of the Synod of New York, hoping they will rcconnueud the like conduct to any they send thither. Ordered, Tiiat each of our 6uj)j)liers sent to these distant parts carry a copy of these niiimtes with tiiem. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. M. Tlie Si/nod met according to adjournment. Uhi jHjst preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of the sc1k»o1 deferred. A copy of the minute from the Synod of New York, was brought in and read, as follows : 1756.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 221 A copy of a minute of the Synod of New York, at their session in Phila- delphia, October 1st, 1755. Ordered to be sent to the Synod of Philadelphia, "which is as follows : A copy of a minute of Philadelphia Synod, at their convention in May last, relating to the proposals of union between the two Synods, was brought in and read. In which they propose, that in order to an union, " all complaints and differences should be mutually forgiven and buried in perpetual oblivion ; that the Synods should unite as two contiguous bodies of Christians agreed in principle, as though they had never been concerned with one another before, nor had any differences; and now join the Synods and Presbyteries upon such scriptural and rational terms as may secure peace and good order, tend to heal our broken churches, and advance religion hereafter." On this we beg leave to observe, that it was agreed unanimously, by the commission of both Synods at Trenton, that both sides should be particular in proposing, whatever they thought necessary in order to union ; " and as some things which we judged Scriptural and rational terms," our circumstances con- sidered, have not been consented to by the Synod of Philadelphia ; we would have been glad had they descended to these particulars, that we might have been now able to judge whether there are grounds to expect satisfaction concern- ing them. Particularly our proposals concerning the continuance of Presby- teries and congregations as they now stand, and the terms of ministerial com- munion mentioned in the year 1749, at Maidenhead, second and third articles, and article second at Newark, 1750, and first article anno 1751, which last we esteem to be always rational and Scriptural terms. We readily agree, that " it is the command of Christ, and a necessary duty to forgive offences in the present imperfect state, and that peace among Chris- tians cannot otherwise be preserved." And we can assure our brethren of Philadelphia Synod, that our insisting on certain preliminaries, did not pro- ceed, so far as we know ourselves, from humour or resentment, but from our apprehending them necessary to preserve and promote the public interests of religion amongst us. And though some of our members desire leave to declare, that " they think themselves greatly injured and offended in many instances," particularly in being charged in the protest, as the reasons for entering it, with several grievous crimes which they constantly declare were not fact ; yet for the sake of peace, and the good of this church, they profess themselves willing to forgive such offences, so far as they are personal. We also agree, that " any member or members being aggrieved, and obtain- ing no satisfying redress, even in the highest judicature, have a right to pro- test, and .require the same to be recorded. And as judicatures may not refuse members this privilege, so neither can they disannul or withdraw such pro- testation." "The protesters themselves only can do this." And we must own that our insisting on the Synod's disannulling the protestation made in 1741, could have no propriety in it, but from our apprehension that the Synod of Philadelphia, as a Synod, had approved and adopted said protestation. And consequently, if our brethren shall declare, that in their Synodical capacity, they do not adopt it, this will remove the ground of our insisting any further on this point with the Synod. Further, we assure our brethren, that in meeting at Philadelphia, we neither did nor do design any opposition to their Synod. The only reason is, the case of many members, who are far distant to the southward and westward of Philadelphia, and on that account cannot without insuperable difficulty duly attend Synodical conventions ; which, we hope, will be a satisfying reason for our conduct in this particular. We apprehend with our brethren, that peace and union is of the utmost importance in the church of Christ, and are heartily willing to come into a 222 MINUTES OF THE [1750. coalition xipou such Scriptural and rational terms, as may soruro poaoo and good order, heal our broken ehurehes, and advance religion hereafter. Nor do we insist on particulars with any other view, than that the proposed union might effectually answer such valuable and important ends. Finally, as the protestation made in 1741, appears to be a principal obstruc- tion to the union of both Synods, which nothing hitherto offered has been able to remove, and as a great part of the present meml)ers of both Synods are such as were not directly active, nor immediately concerned in that protesta- tion ; and as the present minute of the Synod of Philadelphia seems to dis- tinguish between the protesters and the Synod, and so gives us ground to expect that they will satisfy us bj- declaring that they do not Synodically adopt said protestation; upon their doing of which, we propose the following e.\j)edicnt for the entire removal of the aforesaid obstacles, to wit : That both Synods unite upon the terms mentioned by this Synod in their particular proposals made in the years referred to above, that one article respecting the protestation excepted. That the Synod thus composed of both bodies, shall, immediately after being constituted, proceed to hear and detennine the differences between the protesters and those protested against, if needful. A true copy of the Synod's minute. Per IliciiARD Treat, Synod clerk. Ordered, That Messrs. Alison, McDowell, McIIenry, Cowell, and the moderator, be a committee to prepare an answer to the minute received from the Synod of New York, against to-morrow. The affair of the widows' fund was taken into consideration. Messrs. Cross and Alison inform us that the Honourable William Allen, Esq'r. and the other gentlemen, were pleased to take into their hands the management of the widows' fund in the beginning of last January ; and that by a correspondence with the Key. Messrs. Wallace and Webster, in Edin- burgh, they find it necessary to make an alteration in their plan, which was unanimously approved as follows : If any member die before five yearly payments are made by him to the common stock, the widow shall be entitled to her annuity, only the half of it shall be deducted, 'till what her husband hath paid into the common stock, together with said deductions, be equal to five years' payments or incomes of her full annuity ; and afterwards she shall have her full annuity, as before appointed. Ordered, That Mr. Alison, who was chosen clerk and trustee for the fund, insert the plan with said alteration. Agreed also, That application be made to his honour the governor, by Messrs. Cross, Alison, JJoyd, Cowell, and McIIenry, to obtain a charter for the ab(Ae mentioned fund. Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. At nine o^clorh, A. M. The Synod met accordin(j to adjournment. Uhi jHJSt prcccs sederunt qui nqmi. The committee appointed to prepare an answer to the minute received from the Synod of New York brought in one, which was read and unanimously approved, as follows : Wc arc heartily willing and desirous, that the Synods of New York and Philadelphia be united; and that all the Presbyteries belonging to both be united as the members lie contiguous to one another; and that our union be not only in name, but in reality, and in love, and sincere affection. This we think will greatly advance the kingdom of Christ and vital holiness among us. 1756.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 223 and will, in many respects, be our common honour and our common interest. We are willing to bury in perpetual oblivion, all our past differences and names of distinction, and to forgive all the injuries we have received, or ima- gine that we have received in times past. And we have the testimony of our consciences, that we study the things that make for peace, (as your Synod have recommended,) and we hope the Synod of New York, and that the world will testify the same for us. We desire to unite on the same terms, on which the members of both Sy^ nods were united when one body. And we are glad to join with the Synod of New Y^'ork in an expedient to cut off all debates about the protestation made in 1741. We allow the protesters the right of private judgment, and you will allow that we ''neither can disannul nor withdraw their protestation;" but in a Sijnodical capaciti/, at your desire, we declare and do assure you, that we neither adopted nor do adopt said protestation as a term of ministerial communion ; it was never mentioned to any of our members as a term of com- munion more than any of the other protestations delivered into our Synod on occasion of those differences. We only adopt and desire to adhere to our standards, as we agreed when formerly united in one body, we adopt no other. We refer these proposals to the serious consideration of the Synod of New York; we are in earnest for peace and union, and we hope they are so too. As it may be necessary that a committee of both Synods meet to adjust mat- ters previous to an union, we appoint the commission of our Synod, on timely notice given, to meet with such members as they may appoint for this purpose, at Philadelphia or any other convenient place. A supplication from the congregations of Cook's Creek and Pecked Moun- tain, requesting us to receive Mr. Alexander Millar as a full member, and to appoint his instalment as their regular pastor, was brought in and read. The Synod, after considering their request, find it necessary to wait till they receive an answer from the Synod in Ireland, if they think fit to send one this season ; but resolve, that as he has offered satisfaction to that Synod, by our mediation, and has behaved so as to be well respected as a minister among us, if either the Synod of Ireland send us no answer, or inform us that they have accepted his submission, we do order Messrs. Black and Craig to receive him as a member, and instal him, provided they find his conduct in that part of Christ's vineyard such as becomes a gospel minister. And it is ordered, that letters be written by Mr. Boyd to those brethren to this purpose, by Mr. John Alison, or some other proper hand, in the fall when the ships are arrived from Ireland. Ordered, That a copy of this minute be given to the commissioner of the above mentioned congregations. The affair of the school referred. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o^ clock, P. M. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of the school came under consideration, and allowed that Mr. Smith be paid out of the Synod's fund for the year past, if the trustees of the German schools be unwilling to pay bim, and that for his encouragement for the ensuing year, he be allowed ten or twelve pounds, provided the trustees of the German schools refuse to continue their encouragement, as we expect. Appointed, That the committee for the fund meet at ten o'clock to-morrow morning. Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer. 224 MINUTES OF THE [1757. 1757. Philadelphia, May the Ibth, 1757. The Si/nod met at Philadelphia, accordiiuj to adjournment. Uhi post 2^reces sederunt. Of Ponegull Presbytery : Messrs. Thomson, Tate, Steel, and McMordic. Of riiiladelpliia I'resbytcry : Messrs. Cross, Alison, and Kinkead. Of Now Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, McDowell, Smith, McKcnnau, Millar, and "Wilson. Elders : Andrew Thomson, Patrick Campbell, Robert McPherson, John Cross, Daniel Henderson, James Pagan, llobert McKnigbt, John Mustard, Matthew Wallace. Absent of Doncgall Presbytery : Messrs. Elder, Zanchy, Black, Craig. " of l*hiladelphia : Messrs. Cowell and Guild. " of New Castle : Messrs. Alison and Gillespie. The last year's moderator being absent, the Synod was opened by Mr. Smith, with a sermon on Phil. iii. 8. Mr. Boyd was chosen moderator, and Mr. Smith clerk. The Presbytery of Philadelphia inform us, that the Rev. Mr. McHenry is dead since our last meeting. The Presbytery of New Castle inform us, that the Rev. Mr. John Millar has been admitted a member by them since our last. The reasons of Messrs. Thomson and McMordie for their absence were sustained. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Francis Alison, Steel, Cowell, McDowell, Tate, McKennan, Smith,, and the moderator, be the commission of the Synod, and committee for the fund the ensuing year, and that any three, with the moderator, be a quorum. The affair of the fund deferred. Ordered, That the Presbyteries be more punctual in bringing their books for the future. Inquiry being made who brought any thing for the fund, it was found that Messrs. Tate, Boyd, Smith, Cross, McKennan, Wilson, brought some. The affair of the school deferred. The affair of the Synod's and widows' fund de- ferred. The consideration of the supplications from Virginia and North Caro- lina deferred. According to the Synod's appointment, Messrs. Cross and Alison have ap- plied to the Honourable Proprietors at home, for a charter in behalf of the widows' fund, by a petition, which is as follows : To the Honourable Thomas Penn, and Richard IVnn, true and absolute proprietors of the pnjvincc of Pennsylvania, and the counties of New Castle, Kent, and Sus.sex, upon Delaware. The petition of the Presbyterian Synod of Philadelphia, humbly sheweth : That your petitioners have, many of them, lived long in this province with great satisfaction, and have, all, endeavoured to promote religion, virtue, and industry, amongst the people untlor our care, and to impress deep on their minds a lasting sense of their blessings under the best of kings, and in a pro- vince distinguished for civil and religious liberty. As our lot is cast among people who are generally in low circumstances, and many of them forming new settlements in the frontier counties, and, as we have no other KU])port but a small and very uncertain income from the good will of our people, joined with our own labour, we have always found it difficult to make any tolerable provision for our families; and have often, with Borrow and regret, seen the widows and children of great and g(M)d men, who were once of our number, very much j»inclied and distressed by want and poverty, without being able to afford them suitable relief. 1757.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 225i To remedy these evils, as far as we can in our circumstances, your honours' petitioners, in imitation of the laudable example of the Church of Scotland, have agreed to raise a small fund for the benefit of ministers' widows and helpless children, belonging to this Synod, by obliging ourselves to contribute a small sum out of our yearly incomes for this purpose. But there are bad economists in every society, and having begun our fund about a year ago, we find that those men among us are most backward to pay their quotas, whose families will stand in most need of relief when they are dead; and, as our agreement is voluntary, without the aid of a law to oblige us to perform our engagements, and, as we thought it our duty to lay our proceedings before your honours, we must humbly intreat you to take our circumstances under your consideration. You will merit the blessings of the widow and fatherless, and lay us under the strongest obligations of gratitude and affection, if you be pleased to make us a corporation by your charter, and enable us to sue and be sued, and to raise and hold a capital stock not exceeding one thousand pounds for twenty ministers, and so in proportion for a greater or smaller number, the interest of which shall be employed yearly, only to relieve the widows and children of the Presbyterian ministers belonging to the Synod of Philadelphia, or to assist ministers of our Synod in frontier settlements, or such as by age or infirmities are not able to get a subsistence. As the parliament of England granted the like favour to the ministers of the Church of Scotland, 1743 ; as this will, in all probability, confine our synodi- cal meetings to this city and province, which some are industriously endea- vouring to remove to New Jersey ; as some of our number, as well as their people, who are in great distresses by the barbarity of restless and savage In- dians, will account it their great comfort and advantage to have such a provi- sion made for their families, and, as we design to be burdensome to no body, but to raise this fund out of our own narrow incomes, and as we can with great truth assure your honours, that none are more loyal and dutiful subjects to his majesty, nor more firmly attached to the proprietary family and inter- ests; from all these considerations we greatly hope and depend that your honours will favour us with your countenance and protection, and will be so good as to give proper instructions to our governor to grant us a charter for the purposes already mentioned, and your petitioners as in duty bound shall pray. Signed by order of the Synod of Philadelphia. Ordered, That the money already paid continue in the hands of our treasurer and clerk as formerly, until some answer to this, our petition, be received. The commissions of the Synods of Philadelphia and New York, met at the place appointed, and reported to their Synods the result of the conference; pursuant hereunto the Synod of New York sent us a copy of a minute, request- ing that commissions of both Synods meet on the Monday next preceding the meeting of both Synods, according to our agreement, to prepare matters for both Synods and their happy union. Ordered, That the commission of our Synod meet with the commission of the Synod of New York for this purpose, on the Monday immediately before the meeting of our Synod. A supplication from Cook's Creek and Pecked Mountain, requesting that we should receive Mr. Alexander Millar as a member, and that his instalment be appointed as their pastor in the Lord. The Synod unanimously agree to receive him as a member, and order, that Mr. Craig install him accordingly, at some convenient time before the first of next August. Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 29 £ s Mr. McKcnnan, 1 0 Mr. Tate, 1 2 Mr. Boyd, 1 8 £ s d 1 0 0 0 15 0 226 MINUTES OF THE [1757. May 26/A, nine o clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post preces sederunt qui supra. Upon reading the absents from Donegal!, it was observed that Messrs. Black and Craig have neglected attending on the Synod for some considerable time. Ordered, that Mr. McDowell write to these brethren, and signify that the Synod expects either that they will attend or write, and that in case of failure, the Synod will be obliged to di.sown them as members. Ordered like- wise, that he write to Mr. Craig, and inform him that iMr. Alexander Millar is received as a member, and that he install him some convenient time before the first of August next; and also, that he give him to understand that it is the judgment of the Synod, that he ought to be content with the bounds fixed by the committee appointed for that purpose. The affair of the fund deferred. The several members who brought any thing for the fund, paid the trea- surer as follows : d 0 Mr. Smith, 0 Mr. Wilson. 9 The affair of the Synod's and widows' fund deferred. The consideration of the supplications from Virginia and Carolina resumed. Ordered, That Mr. Millar supply the following settlements in order, in the fall, each one Sabbath day, viz : Gather's settlement, Osborn's, Morison's, Jersey's on Atkin, Buffler's, Hawfield's, and Baker's settlements. And that Mr. Craig supply the same settlements, each one Sabbath day in the spring, together with Brown's, North and South Mountain, and Calf-Pa.sture settle- ments in Virginia, each, at least, one Sabbath day before our next Synod, and that they preach to lesser congregations on week days as often as they can. Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent to these people and to Mr. Craig, l)y Mr. Millar, and also by !Mr. Tate. The Synod being informed, that the honourable trustees of the fund for the German emigrants, &c. in Pennsylvania, have generously received our peti- tion, requesting their favour and assistance to encourage learning, and to maintain a school or schools under the care of this S^'nod, and have trans- mitted it to the honourable truntees, for the same purpose, in London, and have recommended the Synod, and their pious and good designs, so effectu- ally to their regard, that they have been pleased to grant our request, or- dered, that Messrs. Cross and Alison wait on the honourable trustees at their next meeting, and, in the name of the Synod, gratefully acknowledge their favours; and that they do whatever else may be necessary in said affair. And that, if Mr. Provost Smith come here, Mr. Cross thank him in the name of the Synod, fi»r the particular regard he has shown, and care he has taken. The supplication from the Great Valley was taken under consideration. Ordered, that Mr. Alison supply the CJreat Valley in the month of September, and administer the .sacrament; that Mr. Steel supply two Sabbaths before our next; Mr. McKennan the third Ir. Guild the .second of August and the second Sabbath of November, and 3Ir. Cuwell the first of March. Ordered, that the Sabbath immediately before the Synod, Mr. Tate supply the Great Valley, and Mr. Smith, Norririgton. Adjourned to four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 1757.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. ■, 227 At four o^doch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post preces sederunt qui supra. The Kev. Mr. William Smith, Provost of the College of Philadelphia, waited on the Synod ; when Mr. Cross, according to order, returned the thanks of the Synod to him for his particular cai-e and pains taken, in transmitting our petition to the honourable trustees of the fund for the Gei'man emigrants in London ; which Messrs. Cross and Alison had presented to the honourable trustees in this province, to be, for the approbation of the honourable trustees there, by them transmitted thither, and which is as follows : To the trustees general of the society schools for the instruction of poor Germans, &c. in Pennsylvania, and the adjacent British colonies, the petition of the Synod of Philadelphia humbly showeth, That we, your petitioners, opened a public school about twelve years ago, when learning was under great discouragements, and opportunities of educa- tion scarce in this and the neighbouring provinces, and gave instructions gratis for some years, to all ranks and denominations that pleased to accept of the same. That we have still continued to instruct cheap, and the poor for nothing, and have had the pleasure to see a number educated under our care, who have been of public service. As there is a fair prospect of making this province the seat of learning in this part of the world, we think it would contribute much to the growth of the College in this city, to support and encourage schools in the country, to provide them with able masters, and to keep them under proper directions. And as you are engaged in an useful undertaking of this nature, your peti- tioners have made bold to plead for your countenance, and some assistance to enable us to continue our school. We have the juster reasons to hope for this favour, because our school has been as free to the Germans as any other nation, and two of the present reformed German ministers, born in this coun- try, were educated there ; and because your petitioners understand that our mother church of Scotland have greatly promoted the charity under your management. That we may share your bounty in a way agreeable to your generous plan, we propose to remove our school to Chesuut Level, where some poor Dutch scattered in that neighbourhood, may have their children taught gratis to read and write English, if favoured with your assistance, and we will also teach a certain number of Germans the Latin and Greek languages, in order to pre- pare them for the ministry, if they apply for this advantage. And as the German inhabitants about the river Susquehannah and the lower parts of Con- estoga are wealth}-, and may have lodgings cheap in a country place, we doubt not but they will be encouraged to send their sons to our, as well as any public school. As our request seems agreeable to the pious design of the donors, who support your good and useful institution ; and as it may be greatly serviceable to the interests of religion, virtue, and learning, in this province, your peti- tioners entertain great expectations from your generosity and goodness. And, indeed, our circumstances are so low, that we are no longer able to bear the necessary expenses, but must dismiss our school, unless we can procure some assistance. Your petitioners have ordered Messrs. Cross and Alison to wait on you with this petition and receive your instructions. If you find it is agreeable to your public design, we earnestly request, that you would be pleased at pre- 228 MINUTES OF THE [1757. sent, to grant us some assistance, and that you recommend us to the society in England for the time to come. And your petitioners as iu duty bound shall pray. Signed, by order of the Synod, by William Donaldson, Synod clerk. June 1(1, 1755. The Provo.st presented to the Synod the resolves of the trustees upon the Synod's address, which are as follows : June Wth, 1755. Met at Mr. Allen's house near Germantowu, the following trustees, viz : Mes.srs. Allen, Peters, Franklin, and Smith. And, taking into their considoration, the aforesaid petition of the Synod of Philadelphia, were under some difficulty how to act concerning it. On the oiie hand they thought, that to grant the petition in favour of an p]nglish Sy- nod, might give offence to the Germans, who generally considered this- charity as intended solely for their own particular benefit. The trustees were also of opinion that it did not fall directly under the great design for promoting the English tongue among the Germans. But they considered on the other hand, the pleas urged by the petitioners. They knew it to be a truth, that the Sy- nod of Philadelphia, at a time when ignorance, even among the ministry, was like to overrun the whole province, had begun, and with much difficulty, long supported a public school under the Rev. Mr. Francis Alison ; and that many able ministers, and some of them Dutch, had been educated in the said school. The trustees were also of opinion, that it was no small argument in favour of the petitioners, that the mother church of Scotland had contributed so largely to this useful charity, and that, if any future application to said church should be necessary, the interest and recommendation of the Synod of Philadelphia might be u.seful in that respect, as well as in countenancing the several schools in their present infant state, and educating, according to their proposal, some young men for the Dutch ministry, gratis. In consideration of all which, it was resolved to grant twenty-five pounds currency for one year to assist the said Synod to support their said public school on the following terms, viz : 1. That it shall be under the same common government with the other free schools, and be subject to the visitations of the trustees general or their depu- ties, appointed upon the recommendation of the Synod. 2. That the master shall teach four Dutch or English gratis, upon the re- commendation of the trustees general, to be prepared for the ministry, and tea poor Dutch children in the English tongue gratis, if so many offer. 3. That the deputy trustees, together with the master, and any of the clergy, visit the school, at least once a quarter, and send down a statement thereof to be transmitted by the general trustees to the honouraljle society. Agreed that this case be transmitted to the honourable society, to obtain their directions thereupon. Ordered, I'hat the terms of the trustees be complied with ; and that Messrs. Boyd and McDowell, Moses Irwin, James Marslial, Martin Ik-am, and Jacob Graft, be recommended as deputy trustees for the ensuing year, and visit the hchool every quarter, the third Tuesday, commencing witli the third Tuesday of August next, if the trustees general apjtrove. Ordered, That Messrs. Millar and Smith draw up some reason^ for a general fast within our bouiuls, against our ne.xt. 'Tis agreed that the school be Continued under Mr. Smith's care for another year, with the usual encouragement from the (Jerman schools. The affair of tlic fund deferred. The consideration of the fast deferred. Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1758.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. ,. 229 May lltli. Nine 6'cloch, A. M. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod met according to adjournment. The members appointed to draw up reasons for a general fast within our bounds, brought them in, and they were read and amended as follows : The Synod taking under serious consideration the melancholy state of the British dominions, and their allies, the danger of the Protestant interest in general, and particularly of the English colonies of America, arising from the formidable combination of antichristian powers in Europe, and the shocking depredations and barbarities of the heathen on our borders, influenced and abetted by the perfidious, restless enemies of our civil and religious liberties ; as also the abounding profanity and wickedness of all ranks and degrees of men ; the awful contempt cast upon the glorious gospel of Christ, not only by the professed infidelity of its open adversaries, but likewise by the unbelief, hypocrisy, uncharitableness, and loose practices of its professed friends ; and being deeply sensible of, and aiFected with, the ungrateful abuse and misim- provement of the many privileges we have long enjo3^ed; our peace, plenty, and liberty having been turned into wantonness, pride, and licentiousness; and being firmly persuaded that for these things God is testifying his displea- sure against us, both at home and abroad, by a calamitous war, in which we are involved, while an amazing insensibility generally prevails under the pre- sent gloomy appearances of Divine Providence, and a want of public spirit, and zeal for the common good ; do, for these and the like reasons, recommend the twenty-third day of June next, to be observed by the people belonging to the Synod, as a day of public humiliation, fasting, and prayer, throughout their bounds, to bewail our aggravated and crying sins, to deprecate the de- served wrath of heaven, and to implore the divine mercy and forgiveness; that the Spirit of grace may be poured out upon us ; that, as a people, we may turn unto the Lord by a sincere repentance; that God would preserve and bless our gracious king, direct his counsels, go forth with his fleets and armies, and also those of his allies, and crown them with success ; that he would guard and defend our sea coasts and frontiers against all the designs of our enemies; that he would preserve to us our invaluable liberties, both civil and religious; that he would yet bless us with fruitful seasons, mercifully heal all our divisions, and cause our present confusions happily to terminate in the glorious advancement of the peaceful kingdom of our Lord Jesus Christ. Accordingly it is ordered, that all our ministers represent these things to the people under our care, and excite them to these solemn exercises, and, for that end, suit their sermons and prayers, on that day, to the important occasion. Signed, by order of the Synod, by Adam Boyd, Moderator. Ordered, That the commission for the fund meet immediately at Mr. Cross's. Adjourned to the fourth Wednesday of May next. Concluded with prayer. 1758. The Synod met according to adjournment, At Philadelphia, May lAth, 1758, TJ hi post preces sederunt Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, Cowell, Guild, Kinkead. Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Tate, Steel. 230 MINUTES OF THE [1758. Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Boyd, McDowell, Hector Alison, Smith, Millar, McKi-nnan. KldtTs : Johu Jolmston, James IMper, James Kerr, Moses Irvin, James Edwards. Absent of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Gillespie and Wilson. " of Donegall : Messrs. Zanchy, Elder, Thomson, McMordic, Black, Craig, Alexander Miller. Dr. Alison opened the Synod with a sermon on Eph. iv. 1 — 8. Mr. Smith cho-seu moderator, Mr. Millar clerk. Ordered, That 3Iessrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, Cowell, Steel, Tate, Boyd, McDowell, Hector Alison, McKenuan, and the moderator, be the couimissiou of the Synod, and committee for the fund for the ensuing year, and that three, with the moderator, be a ((uorum. Inquiry being made who had brought any thing for the fund, it was found that Messrs. Cross, Boyd, Smith, Hector Alison, Miller, McKennan, Guild, Tate, had brought. Ordered, That the committee for the fund meet at Mr. Cross's house to- morrow morning at eight o'clock. Adjoiu'ned to three o'clock in the afternoon to-morrow. Concluded with prayer. May 25th, at three o'clock. Lbi post j>reces sederunt qui siipj'a. The Synod met according to adjournment. The commission of this Synod report, that they met with the commission of the Synod of New York on Monday last, according to the aj)pointmont of last Synod; and, that after mutual conference on the affair of uniting the two Synods, a plan of union was formed by the two commissions, which they agreed should be proposed to each Synod. The plan was read, and considered for some time, and the further considera- tion of it deferred till to-morrow. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning, and concluded with prayer. May 26, at nine o'clorJc, A. M. IJ hi post preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod met according to adjournment. The plan of union was further considered. A letter was ordered to be wrote to the Rev. Dr. William Leechman, Profes- sor of Divinity in the University of Glasgow, which was done, and is as fol- lows: Philadelphia, May 29th, 1758. Very Reverend Sir, — Though we have not the honour of personal acquaint- ance with you, yet your distingui.shed character and praises in the churches of Christ, and eminent station in the I'nivcrsity of Glasgow, are well known to us, and to the churches in these American colonics, and we would much esteem a correspondence with you, if your more important aifairs might allow it. We presume to give you this trouble now, requesting you to accej)t for yourself, and to present to the learned Professors (»f the University our grateful acknowledg- ments for the late mark (tf your regard to the Rev. Mr. Francis Alison, a mem- ber of this Synod, in conferring a degnse of Doctor of Divinity upon him. He is u gentleman of good character, a public spirit, and well esteemed as a jireacher. He has been very industrious and successful in promoting learning in this part of the world, both before and since he was called to a public station in the col- lege and academy in this city; and we hope he will ever behave so as to deserve your regard. Such hoDours conferred on men of confessed worth here, may 1758.] SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. 231 much encourage learning and public usefulness, and may be of service to our church, as we have another denomination among us, whose ministers are fre- quently honoured with such titles. We shall ever think it an honour to our Synod to enjoy the favour of that university, and particularly of Dr. Leechman. We are. Reverend Sir, your very obliged humble servants. Signed by order of the Synod of Philadelphia, by Sampson Smith, Moderator. Upon reading the answer given by the trustees of the German schools in this province, Mr. Cross informed that the honourable trustees general, in England, had complied with the Synod's petition, as appears by an extract of a letter from them to the Rev. William Smith, one of the trustees here, which was laid before the Synod, and was as follows : Extract of Dr. Chandler's letter to the Rev. Mr. Smith, received by Mr. Smith, September 14th, 1757. " Nov. 27th, last, upon the petition of the Synod of Pennsylvania, and the recommendation of our trustees, we have agreed to allow thirty pounds sterling per annum, toward the support of the school mentioned to be erected by them, from midsummer before that date. And I have purchased and packed up, among other books, a large number of English Primers and Spelling Books for their use, and that of the German children, which I hope will soon be sent over to you ; as soon, at least, as I can get a safe conveyance." Ordered, That Messrs. Cross, Dr. Alison, McDowell, and the moderator, be a committee to settle with Provost Smith, the accounts of the annual donation of the honourable trustees to the Synod. Agreed that the school be continued under Mr. Smith's care for another year, with the usual encouragement from the fund for the German schools. Adjourned to three o'clock, and concluded with prayer. At three o'cIocJc, P. M. The Synod met, et post preces sederunt qui supra. Agreed by the Synod, at Mr. Cross's request, that the box belonging to the Synod's fund, and ail pertaining thereto, be put into Dr. Alison's hand in trust. The consideration of the plan of union was resumed, and some alterations proposed. And the Synod being informed that a committee had been appointed by the two commissioners to prepare the first draught of this plan, to wit, Messrs, Hector Alison, Miller, Smith, and McDowell, of our members, with Messrs. Bostwick, Davis, Samuel Finley, and Blair, of the other commission : Ordered, That Mr. McDowell go and inform the Synod of New York, now sit- ting, that this Synod has considered the plan for union, and desires, when they have likewise done so, the same committee may meet, and communicate to each other the corrections proposed in each Synod. Mr. McDowell presently returned, and reports that the Synod of New York agreed to the motion. Ordered, That the committee meet accordingly to-morrow. Adjourned till nine o'clock on Monday morning, and concluded with prayer. 3Iai/ 20^^, at nine ddoch on Monday morning the Synod met, et post preces sederunt qui siipra. Our members of the committee appointed to meet with those of New York Synod, report that they met on Saturday last, and communicated the amend- ments proposed by each Synod in the plan of union, and conferred upon them. 232 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF PHILADELPHIA. [1758. Ordered, That these members lay the amendments proposed by the Synod of New Ytirk boturo this Synod, which thoy did. Tlio Synod cousidtTod thoui, and agreed they should be allowed. Orilered, That the panic members of the above mentioned committee inform the Synod of New York of this agreement. Tlie members went and informed them accordingly, and soon returned, and acquainted this Synod that the Synod of New York liad also agreed to admit the amendments proposed in this Synod, and therefore thought the affair was now rijie for the two Synods to meet together and complete the agreement. The plan as now prepared was finally put to the vote, and was unanimously approved as a satisfactory plan for uniting upon. Agreed that this Synod meet with the Synod of New York at three o'clock, P. M. and that this be notified to them. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M., and concluded with prayer. iV^ B. At three d clock, P. M. the two Si/nods met. The plan of union was now read before them, and unanimously agreed to. The Synods being now united, a new book was opened, and the whole plan and articles of union entered, as may be seen in that book, where the minutes of the new united Synod are recorded. The party which withdrew from the Synod of Philadelphia, the reasons and manner of whose secession are stated in the foregoing records, subsequently formed themselves into a Synod, under the style of the Synod of New York, embracing the Presbyteries of New York, New Brunswick and New Castle. Their first meeting was held in the year 1745, and their last in 1758, at which time a re-union of the two parties was effected as above recited. The minutes of this body form the next link in the documentary history of the Presbyterian Church in the United States. PART THIRD. MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF NEW YORK, FROM A. D. 1745 TO 1758. 1745. Elizahethtown, New Jersey^ Septemher \%th, 1745. The ministers and elders whose names are presently to be inserted, convened and formed themselves into a Synod, under the name or title of the Synod of New York. Ministers of the Presbytery of New York : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Simon Horton, Aaron Burr, Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones, Eliab Byram, Robert Sturgeon. Ministers of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Joseph Lamb, William Tennent, Richard Treat, James McCrea, William Robinson, David Youngs, Charles Beatty, Charles McKnight. Ministers of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly, Charles Tennent, John Blair. Elders : Joseph WoodrufFe, Nathaniel Hazard, Joseph Prudden, Benjamin Leonard, John Ayres, Samuel Hazard, Robert Cummins, John Craig, Richard Walker, Peter Peryen, John Love, Alexander Moody. The ministers and elders before mentioned, first considered and agreed upon the following articles, as the plan and foundation of their synodical union. 1. They agree that the Westminster Confession of Faith, with the Larger and Shorter Catechisms, be the public confession of their faith in such manner as was agreed unto by the Synod of Philadelphia, in the year 1729 ; and to be inserted in the latter end of this book. And they declare their approbation of the Directory of the Assembly of Divines at Westminster, as the general plan of worship and discipline. 2. They agree that in matters of discipline, and those things that relate to the peace and good order of our churches, they shall be determined according to the major vote of ministers and elders, with which vote every member shall actively concur or pacifically acquiesce : but if any member cannot in conscience agree to the determination of the majority, but supposes himself obliged to act contrary thereunto, and the Synod think themselves obliged to insist upon it as essentially necessary to the well-being of our churches, in that case such dissenting member promises peaceably to withdraw from the body, without endeavouring to raise any dispute or contention upon the debated point, or any unjust alienation of affection from them. 3. If any member of their body supposes that he hath any thing to object against any of his brethren with respect to error in doctrine, immorality in life, or negligence in his ministry, he shall not on any account, propagate the scan- dal, until the person objected against is dealt with according to the rules of the gospel, and the known methods of their discipline. 30 (233) 2U MINUTES OF TIIE [1745. 4. They a^ce, that all who have a competent degree of ministerial kmnvliHl^e, are orthodox in tlioir doctrine, regular in their lives, and diligent in their en- deavours t(» promote the important designs of vital godliness, and that will sub- mit to their discipline, shall be cheerfully admitted into their communidn. And they do also agree, that in order to avoid all divisive methods among their ministers and congregations, and to strengthen the discipline of Christ in the churches in these parts, they will maintain a correspondence with the Synod of Philadelphia in this their first meeting, by appointing two of their members to meet with the said Synod of Philadelphia at their next convention, and to concert with them such measures as may best promote the precious interests of Christ's kingdom in these parts. And that they may in no respect encourage any factious separating practices or principles ; they agree that they will not intermeddle with judicially hearing the complaints, or with supplying with ministers and candidates such ])arties of men, as shall separate from any Presbyterian or Congregational churches, that are not within their bounds, unless the matters of controversy be submitted to their jurisdiction or advice by both parties. Thereuprtn, The Synod opened by prayer. Mr. Jonathan Dickinson chosen moderator, Mr. Ebenezer Pemberton chosen clerk. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer. 20th day, at nine of the clock, ante meridiem. Post jpreces sederunt qui svjira. Ordered, That the moderator and Mr. Pierson do correspond with the Synod of Philadelphia at their next se.s.sion. Ordered, That 3Iessrs. Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Blair, and Ebenezer Pember- ton, do draw up a testimony to the work of God's glorious grace, which has been carried on in these parts of the land, and bring it in for the approbation of the Synod at their next sederunt. The circumstances of Virginia being brought under consideration, and the wide door that is opened for the preaching of the gospel in these parts, with a hopeful prospect of success, the Synod are unanimously of the opinion, that Mr. Robin.son is the most suitable person to be sent among them, and accordingly they do earnestly recommend it to him to go down and help them as soon as his circumstances will permit him, and reside there for some months. An interlofjuitur of the ministers of the Synod appointed to meet at half an hour past two, pout meridiem. The Synod adjourned till four of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Four of the clork, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The intorloquitur met according to appointment. Messrs. Tennent, Pemberton, and IJIair, brought in a testimony to the work of God's grace among u.s, according to appointment, which was unanimously approved, liut the original being lost it cannot be in.serted here. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer. 21«/ dat/, at nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Messrs. Pierson, Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Burr, Samuel Blair, Finly, Pemberton, and the moderator, are appointed to be a conmiission of the Synod for the ensuing year. The Synod adjt.urued to the second Wednesday of October, 1746, and then to meet at New Vurk. Concluded with prayer. 1746-7.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 235 1746. The Synod convened according to appointment, jVcw York, October ^th, 1746. Ubi j)Ost jyreces sederunt IMinisters : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly, Aaron Burr, Azariah Horton, Charles Beatty, Charles McKnight, John Roan, Ebe- nezer Pemberton. Elders : Messrs. Richard Walker, William Eagles. Ministers absent : Messrs. Joseph Lamb, Gilbert Tennent, William Tennent, Richard Treat, James McCrea, David Youngs, Charles Tennent, John Blair, David Bostwick, Thomas Arthur, John Grant, Andrew Hunter, John Pierson, Eliab Byram, Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, David. Brainerd, Robert Sturgeon, Eleazer Wales, and William Dean. The Synod was opened by a sermon from Psal. xsiv. 4, preached by Mr. Dickinson, the last year's moderator. Mr. Pemberton chosen moderator, Mr. Finly clerk. The Synod is informed that most of the absent members were upon their journey to New York to attend the Synod, but were prevented through appre- hensions of the small pox and other difficulties. Our Reverend brother, Mr. William Robinson, is departed this life since our last meeting. The small pox prevailing in Philadelphia in May last, prevented Messrs. Dickinson and Pierson from corresponding with the Synod of Philadelphia at their last meting, but they wrote to them and received an answer. The same members appointed to be a commission of the Synod this year, who were the last. A supplication and call for a minister from Hanover in Virginia, was brought into the Synod and read ; the Synod doth earnestly recommend the assisting of said people, to the Presbyteries of New Brunswick and New Castle. The Synod considering the present fewness of ruling elders attending the Synod, doth recommend it to ail their members to endeavour to bring elders with them. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, and then to meet at Maid- enhead. Concluded with prayer. 1747. The Synod met according to appointment. 3IaidenTiead, May 20th, 1747. Uhi post preces sederunt Ministers : Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, John Pierson, Ebenezer, Pemberton, Simon Horton, Azariah Horton, David Bostwick, John Grant, Timothy Jones, Eliab ]5yram, Thomas Arthur, Jacob Green, Nathaniel Tucker, Joseph Lamb, Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, James McCrea, James Campbel, James Daven- port, Charles McKnight, Charles Beatty, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Samuel Sacket, Samuel Blair, John Blair, William Dean, John Roan, and Samuel Finley. Elders : Messrs. Joseph Prudden, Ebenezer Byram, John Lyle, John Ayres, Thomas Bourn, David Parry, Ephraim Lockert, Robert Smith, Robert English, John Grey, Francis Brewster, Daniel Mills, John Smith, Samuel Sturgeon, and Hugh Kirkpatrick. Ministers absent : Aaron Burr, David Youngs, Timothy Syms, Robert 236 MINUTES OF THE [1748. Sturgeon, Pavid Brainerd, William Tennent, Eleazcr Wales, Charles Tennent, Hutchinsmi, and Davis. Mr. Peinborton, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon on Acts iv. 'l\l Mr. Gilbert Tennent chosen moderator, Mr. Treat clerk. Messrs. Dickinson, Pembcrton, Picrson, Burr, Lamb, William Tennent, Samuel Blair, Finly, Charles Tennent, and the moderator, are appointed to be the commission of the Synod for the year ensuing. A letter was brought into the Synod from the new settlements in Virginia, requesting a minister might be sent to preach the gospel, &c. unto them. The Synod appoints Mr. Byram to go to said people some time in next Sep- tember, and spend some time with them, and appoints the Presbytery of New York to supply his people with preaching during his ab.sence. And the Synod doth, moreover, appoint Jlessrs. Dickinson and Pembcrton to write to Mr. Bowel, in order to procure him to accompany Mr. Byram in said journey. Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead at two of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 1748. The Synod met according to appointment, Maidenhead, May tJie 18th, 1748. Uhi j)Ost jrreces sederunt Ministers: Messrs. Azariah Ilorton, Jacob Green, Timothy Syms, Joseph Lamb, James McCrea, John Brainerd, Charles McKnight, James ])avenp()rt, Eliab Byram, Gilbert Tennent, Andrew Hunter, Ilichard Treat, Charles Beatty, James Campbel, Daniel Lawrence, John Blair, John lloan. Elders : Mes.srs. Ephraim Price, Brice Kickey, John Craig, Samuel Hazard, Isaac Mills, Cornelius Wyukoop, John Grey, Robert Smith, David Wilson. Ministers absent : Messrs. Robert Sturgeon, John Picrson, Ebcnezer Pem- bcrton, Simon Ilorton, Aaron Burr, David IBostwick, John Grant, Thomas Arthur, David Youngs, Timothy Jones, Samuel Sacket, William Tennent, Eleazer AVales, Job Prudden, Thomas Lewis, Samuel Blair, Samuel Finly, William Dean, Samuel Davis, Andrew Sterling, Andrew Bay and Charles Tennent. Mr. Lamb chosen moderator, Mr. John Blair clerk. Mr. Gilbert Tennent, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon firom Rom. xi. 'iQ>. The Rev. Messrs. Jonathan Dickinson, David Brainerd, and Nathaniel Tucker, have been removed by death since our last meeting. The last year's minutes not being ])resent, the Synod is necessitated to pro- ceed as well as they can without them. Mr. Byram fulfilled his appointment in going to Virginia, but Mr. Bewel could not be obtained to accompany him. The Presbytery of Suffolk county, on Long-Island, having, by their dele- gate jMr. Ebenezer Prime, desired to be admitted as members of this Synod with the proviso, that one or two of their members in all time to come, be allowed the privilege of representing them in the Synod, and acting for them as (h'lcgatcs ; and likewise, that some members of New York Presbytery, might join them in their Presbyterial judicatories. In answer to wliicli, the Synod docs signify that they an; willing tf) make all reasonable allowances for tlie absence of tljcMr members, who live far distant from the place of their con- vention, and wlien the Synod shall, on the account of their groM-ing number and distant abotle, conclude to form any of its sessions of delegates, they will 1749.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 237 readily admit that Reverend Presbytery to the common privilege of their body ; before which, we judge it would be unprecedented and unequal, and of bad tendency. If the Reverend Presbytery aforesaid is pleased to join with us on the aforesaid terms, then we declare our willingness to receive them, and that such of the Presbytery of New York who live on Long Island, as are inclined to it, may join with them as members. A call was brought into the Synod, to be presented to the Rev. Mr. Dean, from the congregations of Timber Ridge and forks of James's River ; the Sy- nod refer the consideration thereof to the Presbytery of New Castle, to which Mr. Dean doth belong, and do recommend it to said Presbytery to meet at Mr. Dean's meeting-house on Wednesday next upon said affair, and that Mr. Dean and his people be speedily apprized of it. A call was brought into the Synod from Falling Spring and New Providence, to be presented to Mr. Byram, the acceptance of which he declined. A supplication for supplies, and in particular for the opportunity of a pro- bationer from Cedar Creek and Opeken, was brought into the Synod, and also, a supplication for relief from a person who had suffered loss by fire ; the consideration of both which is deferred until the next sederunt. Adjourned to ten of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 19^^ day, at ten of the clock, A. M. Post prcces sederunt qui supra, Together with Mr. Charles Tennent. Application was made to the Synod in behalf of the lower counties in and adjacent to Maryland, for supplies. Motion was made to the Synod in behalf of Cape May, in order to have some provision made for the settlement of a minister there. A supplication was brought in from Augusta county in Virginia. With respect to the supplication for a charitable contribution, the Synod judges that it is an affair belonging to the civil magistrate, but does not belong to them to transact any thing synodically about it. The Synod proceeded to consider the motion respecting Cape May, and in order to the relief of that people, the Synod doth recommend to the Presby- tery of New Brunswick, to send down Mr. Lawrence immediately for a few Sabbaths, and also recommends to the Presbytery of New Castle, to take Mr. Hugh Henry speedily under trials, and in case of his licensure by said Pres- bytery, the Synod appoint said Presbytery, to send him directly down to said people, to supply there some time upon trial for settlement, if Divine Provi- dence clear the way. In answer to the supplication from the people in Augusta county, the Synod appoints Mr. Cummins to go there in the fall for some time, and they appoint Mr. Hunter to go into the lower counties, &c. the fii'st of September, and preach there four Sabbaths. Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead at eleven of the clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1749. The Synod met at Maidenhead according to appointment, Mai/ the 17th, 1749. Uhi post preces sederunt Ministers: Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Aaron Burr, James Davenport, David Youngs, Thomas Arthur, John Brainerd, Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, James Campbell, Charles Beatty, Samuel Sacket, Timothy Allen, James McCrea, Thomas Lewie, Andrew Hunter, Daniel 238 MINUTES OF THE [1749. Lawrence, John Roan, Samuel Davis, Andrew Bay, John Rogers, Samuel Finly. Elders : Messrs. John Lyle, Samuel Hazard, Hugh Marten, Thomas Logan, Daniel itrant, Hugh Kirkpatriok. Ministers absent : Messrs. Simon Horton, Azariah Horton, David Bostwick, Timothy Jones, Kliab B3'ram, Timothy Syms, John (J rant, Jacob Green, Aaron Richards, Caleb Smith, Silas Leonard, Joseph Lamb, William Tenncnt, Kleazer Wales, Charles McKnight, Job Prudden, Robert Sturgeon, Samuel and John Blair, Charles Tennent, Andrew Sterling. Mr. Lamb, the last year's moderator, being absent, Mr. Gilbert Tenncnt opened the S^-nod by a sermon on 2 Cor. v. 11. Mr. Pierson chosen moderator, Mr. Finly clerk. Mr. Elihu Spencer is admitted to sit in the Synod as correspondent. The members absent the last year, and now present, gave their reasons for their absence, which were siistained. The Rev. Mr. Dean has been removed by death since our last meeting. The Presbytery of Suffolk, by their delegate 31r. Jame.s Brown, signified to the Synod their acceptance of the terms proposed to them the last session, and said I'resbytery are accordingly admitted into our Synod, in consequence whereof Mr. Ebenezer Prime and Mr. James Brown, members of said Presby- tery being present, are now admitted to sit in the Synod as members. And the Synod recommends to those members of New York who dwell upon Long Lsland, to join the Presbytery of Suffolk as members thereof Mr. Cummins fulfilled the appointment of our last in going to Virginia. Mr. Hunter was prevented of fulfilling his appointments by reason of sick- ness. Motion was made by some members for making proposals for an union with the Synod of Philadelphia, the further consideration of which is deferred till the next saftnait. Adjourned to seven of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 18^^ (^o]/, at seven of tlve dock, A. M. Post preces sedci-imt qui supra. The motion for making proposals of union to the Synod of Philadelphia, rca.ssumed, and after much reasoning upon it, it was carried by a great luajority of votes, that proposals for an union be made to the Synod of Philadelphia in the following words, viz : The Synod of New York arc deeply sensible of the many unhappy conse- quences that flow from our present divided state, and have with pleasure ob- served a spirit of moderation increasing between many of the members of both Synods; this opens a door of liope, that if we were united in one body, wc might be able to carry on the designs of rc;Iigion in future peace and agree- ment to our mutual satisfactitm ; and though we retain the same sentiments of the work of God which we formerly did, yet we esteem mutual forbearance our duty, since we all profess the same Confession of Faith and Direetory of Worsliip. We wcmld, therefore, humbly propose to our brethren of tlie Synod of Phihidelpiiia, that all our former diflereuces be buried in perpetual oblivion, and that for the time to come, both Synods be united into one, and that hence- forth tiiere be no contentions among us; but to carry towards each other in the most peaceable and brotlierly manner, which we are jiersuaded will bi; for the honour of our Master, the credit of our j)rofession, and the edilieation of the eliurchcH ccmimitted to our care. Accordingly we appoint the R«,'v. Messrs. John Pierson, Gilbert Tennent, Ebenezer Pemberton, and Aaron Burr, to be our delegates to wait upon the Synod of I'hiladelphia with these proposals. 1750.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 239 And if the Synod of Philadelphia see meet to join with us in this design, and will please to appoint a commission to meet for that purpose, we appoint the Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Ebeuezer Pemberton, Aai-on Burr, Gilbert and "William Tennent, Richard Treat, Samuel or John Blair, John Roan, Samuel Finly, Ebenezer Prime, David Bostwick, and James Brown, (whom we appoint a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year,) to meet with the commission of the Synod of Philadelphia, at such time and place as they shall choose, to determine the affair of the union, agreeable to the preliminary articles con- cluded upon by this Synod ; and it is agreed that any other of our members who shall please to meet with the commission, shall have liberty of voting and acting in said afiliir equally with the members of said commission. Which articles proposed as a general plan of union are as follows, viz : 1. To preserve the common peace, we would propose that all names of distinction which have been made use of in the late times, be for ever abo- lished. 2. That every member assent unto and adopt the Confession of Faith and Directory, according to the plan formerly agreed to by the Synod of Philadel- phia in the years . 3. That every member promise, that after any question has been dete'rmined by the major vote, he will actively concur or passively submit to the judgment of the body ; but if his conscience permit him to do neither of these, that then he shall be obliged peaceably to withdraw from our Synodical communion, without any attempt to make a schism or division among us. Yet this is not intended to extend to any cases but those which the Synod judges essential in matters of doctrine or discipline. 4. That all our respective congregations and vacancies be acknowledged as congregations belonging to the Synod, but continue under the care of the same Presbytery as now they are, until a favourable opportunity presents for an advantageous alteration. 5. That we all agree to esteem and treat it as a censurable evil, to accuse any of our members of error in doctrine or immorality in conversation, any other- wise than by private reproof, till the accusation has been brought before a regular judicature and issued according to the known rules of our discipline. Upon a representation of the desolate circumstances of Virginia and Mary- land, the Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Prime, Davenport, Y^oungs, and Spencer, to write to the East-ern Association of Fairfield county, in Connecticut, requesting them, if possible, to send some minister or ministers, to supply some time in those southern provinces. Also, Mr. Davenport is appointed, if he recovers a good state of health, to go and supply in Virginia. Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at Maidenhead, unless a different time and place be appointed by the commission. Concluded with prayer. 1750. The Synod met according to appointment. Maidenhead, May 16?/t, 1750. Uhi post preces sederunt Ministers : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Aaron Burr, Eliab Byram, David Bostwick, Jacob Green, Caleb Smith, Thomas Arthur, Aaron Richards, James Davenport, Richard Treat, William Tennent, Charles McKnight, James McCrea, Timothy Allen, Thomas Lewis, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Law- rence, Israel Read, Samuel Sacket, Samuel Blair, John Blair, John Roan, Samuel Davis, Andrew Bay, John Rogers, Azariah Horton. Elders : Messrs. Peter Beach, Cornelius Wynkoop, Robeft Cummins, Richard 240 MINUTES OF THE [1750. Walker, William Lynn, Moses Hallam, Joseph Peck, William Boyd, Samuel Morris, William Murphey. Ministers absent : Messrs. Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, Enos Ayres, Timothy Syms, John Braincrd, John (Irant, Elihu Spencer, llobort Sturiiecm, Gilbert Tonnent, Samuel Finly, Charles Tennent, Andrew Sterling, James CamplK^J], and all of the Presbytery of Suffolk except Azuriah Horton. Mr. Piersou, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from Colos. i. 18. Mr. William Tennent chosen moderator, Mr. Arthur clerk. The reasons sent in excuse for the present absence of Messrs. Charles Ten- nent, Samuel Finly, and Simon Horton, are sustained. The Kev. Mr. Lamb is removed by death since our last session. The minutes of our last session could not be obtained at present, and there- fore the Synod was necessitated to proceed without them. Ordered, That any member of the Synod who may have them, or any other of the minutes of this Synod since its first erection, in their keeping, take care to produce them at the next session. The committee appointed by the last Synod to wait upon the Synod of Philadelphia, with a preliminary plan for an union, make report that they complied with said appointment, and in consequence thereof a commission of both Synods agreed to meet at Trenton, the first Wednesday of October, 1749, and met accordingly. Ordered, That the minutes of that meeting be laid before the Synod, which being done, the Synod ordered them to be inserted in their minutes, and they are as follows, viz. " Trenton, October ith, 1749. " Met according to an agreement between the commissioners of the Synod of New York and the Synod of Philadelphia, the commission of both Synods to treat upon an overture of union between the said Synods, offered to the Synod of Philadelphia by the Synod of New York. " Present of the Synod of Philadelphia : Messrs. Cross, Alison, Cathcart, JJoyd, ^Icllcnry, Cowell, Grifiith, and Thom. 'MJf the Synod of New York: Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Gilbert and William Tennent, Treat, Samuel and John Blair, Lewis, Finly, lloau, and Arthur. "N. B. In the appointment of the commission of the Synod of New York, litierty was expressly granted to any of their members, though not in com- mission, to attend and have equal liberty of voting with the commissioners if they were inclined so to do. ^"■Punt preces sederunt qui supra, with divers members of the Synod of New York. " Mr. David Cowell was cho.sen moderator, Mr. Thomas Arthur clerk. " Several members of the Synod of New York, that had not been present at forming the general plan for an union, moved that before the commissioners entered upon the affair of the union, they might have a private conference with the members of their own Synod, that they might be fully ac(|uainted with each other's sentiments relating to the union, and also further inform themselves as to the general conccssi)elong to their jurisdiction ; and he is to acquaint a committee of the Synod how that matter is. And the Synod appoints Messrs. Picrs(Ui, Burr, Arthur, Smith, and Spencer, their committee, to sit at such time and place as they phall aj.pf.int, and transact in said affair, according as things shall then appear to them. Upon a representation made by Mr. Beatty of the necessitous circumstances 1750.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 243 of the congregation of Cape May, and their earnest request that some minister, or candidate, might be sent down to them and settle with them, the Synod ap- points Mr. Davenport to go and spend the winter with them for that purpose, if consistent with his affairs. Adjourned till eight of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 28^A day, at eight of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Messrs. Pemberton, Pierson, Burr, Arthur, Gilbert and William Ten- nent. Treat, Finly, Samuel and John Blair, Azariah Horton, Brown, and the moderator, are appointed to be a commission of the Synod for this year. The Synod making inquiry how the several appointments for Virginia have been fulfilled, do find that Mr. Davenport has been there, and that Mr. Todd is licensed, and preparing speedily to go ; but that the other appointments by one means or other have failed. The committee according to appointment, brought in a draught of proposals for an union with the Synod of Philadelphia, which the Synod approve, and they are as follow, viz. 1. That every member assent unto and receive the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms, as the confession of his faith, according to the plan formerly mentioned and proposed, and also agree to the Directory as the general plan of worship and discipline. 2. That all matters shall be determined by a majority of votes, to which determination all shall submit ; but if any member or members cannot, in con- science submit to any particular act or determination of the body, he or they shall be obliged, after sufficient liberty of reasoning and modest remonstration, to withdraw from our Synodical communion. Provided always, that this last article shall not extend to any cases but such as the Synod shall judge to be essential in doctrine, worship, or discipline. 3. That it shall be treated as a censurable misconduct, for any member to charge any of his brethren with errors in doctrine or immorality in conversa- tion, except in a way of private reproof or judicial process. And that none shall be judicially condemned or censured without a fair trial and process, according to the known rules of our discipline. 4. That no candidate shall be taken upon trials by any Presbytery, without a degree or a certificate from the president, and a sufficient number of the tutors or trustees of some college, testifying to the sufficiency of his learning ; except in cases extraordinary, in which the Presbyteries shall be accountable to the Synod for their conduct. 5. That it shall be treated as irregular, for any minister or candidate to preach or perform other ministerial offices in the congregations of other ministers be- longing to our body, contrary to their minds. On the other hand it shall be esteemed unbrotherly for any minister to refuse his consent, (without weighty reasons,) when amicably desired. 6. That all the several Presbyteries belonging to both Synods respectively, shall continue distinct Presbyteries as now they are, and that the several con- gregations and vacancies may continue to be under the same Presbyteries as at present. 7. That the protestation made in the Synod of Philadelphia in the year 1741, be declared henceforth void and of none effect, and that the proposed union shall not be understood to imply an agreement or consent to said protestation on the part of this Synod. 8. Forasmuch as this Synod doth believe, (as they have before declared,) that 244 MINUTES OF THE [1751. a glorious work of God's Spirit was earricd on in the late relii^ious appear- ances, (though we doubt not but there were several follies and extravagan- cief of people, and artifices of Satan intermixed therewith,) it would be pleasing and desirable to us, and what we hope for, that bdth Synods may eome BO far to agree in their sentiments about it, as to give their joint testimony thereto. Ordered, That Mr. Treat, the stated clerk, transcribe these proposals and depo.sit a true copy thereof in the hands of Mr. Samuel Hazard of Philadelphia, to be delivered to the Synod of Philadelphia, or their order, when he shall have received their proposals. The Synod adjourned to the day after the coiumencement the ensuing year, and then to sit at Newark. Concluded with prayer. 1751. The Synod met according to adjournment. Neivarh, Scj)temher 2Qth, 1751. Ubi jyost preces sederunt Ministers of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime and Azariah Horton. Of the New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Simon Horton, Aaron Burr, James IWenport, David Bostwick, Jacob Green, Caleb Smith, John Brainerd, Elihu Spencer, Daniel Thane, Enos Ayrcs, John Moffett, Chauncey Graham. Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : Messrs. William Tcnnent, Richard Treat, Charles McKnight, Charles Beatty, Eliab Byram, Thomas Lewis, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Israel Read, Samuel Kennedy, Benjamin Chesnutt. Of the Presbytery of New Castle : Messrs. James Campbell, Samuel Finly, John Blair, Samuel Davis, John Rogers. Mr. John Smith correspondent. Elders : Messrs. John Ball, John Henderson, Anthony Scout, Hugh Mar- ten, John Kirkpatrick, Philip Celsel, Allin Killock, Daniel Morris, Aaron Trueheart, Jonathan Holms, Elias Bayley. Ministers absent. Of Long Island Presbytery: ]Me.ssrs. Silvanus White, James Brown, Samuel Bewel, Naphtali Dagget, David Youngs, Samuel Sackett. Of New York Pre.sbytery : Messrs. Timothy Syras, Timothy Jones, John Grant, Aaron Richards, Alexander Cummins, Jonathan Elmore. i Of New lirunswick Presbytery: Messrs. (Jilbert Tcnnent, James McCrea, Timothy Allen, Job Prudden, John Cam|>bell, John Todd. Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tcnnent, John Roan, Andrew Sterling, Andrew Bay, llu^rh Henry. Mr. John Blair chosen nimlcrator, IMr. Byram clerk. Mr. Prime, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from Psul. cii. 16. The Rev. Messr.<<. Samuel Blair and Thomas Arthur, are departed this life since the last Synod. A petition was .sent into the Syno that he has been necessarily hindered from porfurraing his part in public service, by his low state of health; but they judjre it his duty to discharge it according to his call when his health will admit ; and when he is disabled, he should desire Mr. Pcmbcrton to officiate in his room. That his insisting on a right to sit with the trustees in their conventions about the temporal affairs of the congregation, was not a violation of his ordination vows, which respect only the work of the ministry, although they judge he acted imprudently in so doing. That he is to be commended for insisting on persons praying in their families, who present their children to baptisnj ; but inasmuch as it appears expedient, that the same form of covenanting should be used in the same church; the Synod do, therefore, recommend it to Mr. Pembcrton and Mr. Gumming, to consult with the committee hereafter to be mentioned about a form that they can both agree in. 5. That the said church proceed as soon as may be, to the choice of elders to join with their ministers in the government and discipline of the church ; and that the committee hereafter to be appointed do nominate the persons to be chosen, and determine the number. 6. That as to the methods taken to introduce a new version of the psalms in the public worship, the Synod judge it to be disorderly, and always to be discountenanced, when the parties in matters of debate in a church do carry about private subscriptions. 7. That as to the introduction of a new version of psalms, the Synod hath not light at present to determine, but do impower the committee to recom- mend Dr. Watts's version, if upon observation of circumstances they think it proper. And the Synod do appoint the Rev. Messrs. Samuel Davis, Samuel Finly, and Charles Beatty, to be a committee to go immediately to New York, and direct and assist the Presbyterian congregation of New York in such a£Pairs as may contribute to their peace and edification. Adjourned to the first AVednesday of October, 175-3, and then to meet at Philadelphia at three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 1753. The Synod met according to appointment. PhihthJj/Jiui, Oct ohrr o J, 17 i>S. Ubi post preces sederunt Ministers of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones, Timothy Allen, David Bostwick, John lirainerd, Elihu Spencer. Of Suffolk Presbytery : Mr. James Brown. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Charles 3IcKnight, Eliab ]iyram, Thomas Lewi.s, Israel Read, Samuel Kennedy, Conradus Wort. Of Abington Presbytery : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, Charles Beatty, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Benjamin Chesnutt. Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, Samuel Finly, James Campbel, James Davenport, Evander Morrison, ^amuel Davis, Andrew Bay, John Rogers, Hugh Henry, Robert Smith, James Fiidy, .Jolin Todd. Elders: Messrs. Jacob Bedel, Robert Cummins, Hugh Marten, John Roy, Thomas Coon, Robert English, David Chambers, William Adams, Richard Walker, Jnnathan Holmes, ^Villiam McCrea, Jtjhn A'andyke, Francis Alexan- der, Samuel Jami.soii, William Huclianan. Ministers absent : Messrs. John Pierson, Ebenezer Pemberton, Simon Hor- ton, Aaron liurr, John Smith, Silas Leonard, Jacob Green, Aaron Richards, Caleb Smith, Enos Ayres, ('hauncey Graliam, Alexander Cummins, John Moffett, Daniel Thane, Jooathaa Elmore, Ebenezer Prime, Silvauus White, 1753.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 251 Joseph Park, Samuel Sacket, John Maltby, Samuel Bewel, Napthali Dagget, James McCrea, Samuel Harker, Job Prudden, Alexander Hutchinson, Alex- ander Craighead, John Eoan, John Blair, Andrew Stirling, John Wright, Robert Henry. Messrs. John Grant and John Campbell, have departed this life since our last Synod. The Synod was opened by Mr. Treat, the last year's moderator, by a sermon, on Heb. iii. 2. Mr. Samuel Finly was chosen moderator, Mr. Bostwick chosen clerk. Mr. Davis and Mr. Rogers were appointed to revise the Synod's book against the next sederunt. Adjourned till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 4itTi day, at nine of the clocJc, A. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Davis and Mr. Rogers complied with the appointment of the last sede- runt in revising the Synod book, and brought their remarks, which the Synod approved. The Synod do appoint, that 3Ir. Treat, who is the stated clerk, be allowed three pounds per annum, for his service in transcribing the minutes in their proper order into the Synod book ; and that every minister endeavour to bring ten 'shillings annually, to defray the above mentioned charge, and for other exigencies that may happen, and that the same be lodged in the hands of Mr. Treat as the Synod's treasurer. Messrs. Jones, McKnight, Todd, Kennedy, Gilbert Tennent, Rogers, Ches- nutt, James Campbel, Charles Tennent, Bay, Hugh Henry, Silvauus White, and James Finly, gave the reasons for their absence the last year, which were sustained. The following ministers were absent the last year as well as at this present meeting : Messrs. Enos Ayres, John Moffet, Jonathan Elmore, James McCrea, John Blair, John Roan, Andrew Sterling, Ebenezer Prime, Samuel Bewel. The Synod order, that the last mentioned members be called to account for their absence. Messrs. Pierson, Pemberton, Burr, Spencer, William and Charles Tennent, Treat, Rogers, Prime, Brown, Azariah Horton, and the moderator, are appointed to be a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year. The Synod, upon inquiry concerning the collection appointed for the use of the college, do find they cannot go through with said aifair, by reason of the absence of divers of their members, and do, therefore, refer it to each of their Presbyteries to make inquiry of each of their members, touching their compliance with said appointment, and take due care that their respective members do comply with it accordingly, and give an account of their conduct to the next Synod. The Synod do appoint each of their Presbyteries to bring their Presbytery books to the next Synod in order to be examined. The affair of union with the Synod of Philadelphia, referred to this Synod by our last, deferred to the next sederunt. Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three of the doch, P. If. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of the union was brought under consideration, and the last pro- posals from the Synod of Philadelphia, &c. were read, and the Synod do ap- point Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Davis, and the moderator, to prepare an answer thereto, and lay it before the Synod the next sederunt. 252 MINUTES OF THE [1753 The committee appointed by the last Synod to go to Now York to direct and assist the Presbyterian congregation in affairs rehiting to their peace and edification, make report of their compliance with said appointment. The minutes of their proceedings being laid before the Synod, are approved, and are as follows, viz. "New York, October 2d, 1752. " The committee appointed by the Synod to direct and assist the Presbyte- rian congregation of New York in such affairs as contribute to their peace and satisfaction, met, nbi jiost prcccs sederunt, Messrs. Samuel Finly, Charles Beatty, and Samuel Davis. " Mr. Finley was chosen moderator, and Mr. Davis clerk. " Ordered, That the minutes of the Synod containing their conclusions con- cerning the affair referred unto them by the Presbytery be read. " The committee after the best inquiry they could make into the circum- stances of the congregation, do conclude that but two persons should at pre- sent be chosen to sustain the ofl&ce of elders, and that Messrs. David Van- horn, and Israel Ilorsfield are proper persons for that purpose, and they do accordingly nominate the said persons to that office ; and give public notice, that if any of the members of said congregation have any sufficient o])jeetion3 against either of them, they would bring them into the committee in the afternoon. " Adjourned to three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. " TTiree of the dock, P. M. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra. " Messrs. Vanhorn and Horsfield being spoken unto by the committee, and the peculiar exigency of the ca.se being represented unto them, they con.sentcd to accept of the office for which they are nominated; and the congregation brought in no objections against them, but signified their consent by holding up their hands. ** The committee after careful inquiry and deliberation, do conclude, from the best views of the present disposition of affairs they can attain, that it is not expedient at present, judicially to recommend a change of the version of Psalms, lest the animosities in the congregation should be more inflamed ; but they most earnestly recommend moderation, forbearance, and condescension to both parties, till such times as by the use of proper measures, they shall come to an agreement among themselves. Concluded with prayer." Application was made to the Synod in behalf of the trustees of the Col- lege of New Jersey, requesting the Synod to appoint two of their meuibers viz. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, and Samuel Davies, to take a voyage to Europe on the important affairs of said college; to which the Synod unauiuioubly coDscnt. The congregation of Philadelphia, under the care of Mr. Tennent, requested that in the absence of their pastor, they may be supplied witli such niembiTS of the Synod as they shall choose, till their next meeting; which was uuaui- DJously agreed unto. Adjourned till nine of the clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 5eojile whether they had any thing to object against the dismission of tlieir ministers. A number of gentle- men in the behalf of other.s, strongly remonstrated against .Mr. Pemberton's dismission, as endangering the peace of the congregation. The committee do judge the continuance of Mr. Pemberton, under the present circumstances of the congregiition, to be necessary, and are iu hopes tliat the present confusion in the congregation, and seeming dissatisfac- tion of some that hinder the success of his labours, will be removed. But at Mr. Pern- 1754.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. ,. 261 Mr. Sacket has leave to go home, as also hath Mr. Green. Adjourned till eight of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 21 th day, at eijlit of the clocJc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. (Excepting Mr. Sacket.) The committee appointed to revise the Presbytery books are not prepared to give in their report, and are ordered to be ready against the next sederunt if they can. Mr. Ross, a minister from New England being present, was desired to sit as correspondent. The letter from the Synod of Philadelphia, respecting our union with them, was taken into considei-ation, and in compliance with their desire therein ex- pressed, the Synod appoint IMessrs. Aaron Burr, David Bostwick, William Teu- nent, Richard Treat, Samuel Finly, and John Blair, to be a committee to attend the next session of the Synod of Philadelphia, in order to confer with them about said union, in which they are to conclude nothing inconsistent with our former proposals. Upon the request of some members of the congregation of New York, the Synod do appoint Messrs. Finly and Blair to supply the said congregation the next Sabbath. Messrs. Simon Horton and Richards are absent without leave. A letter from Hanover in Virginia, requesting further supplies until their pastor returns, was laid before the Synod, in answer to which the Synod ap- points Mr. Greenman to supply them from the fourth Sabbath of November until and including the last Sabbath of February next, and recommend it to the Presbytery of New Castle, to supply said congregation the preceding and remaining time. And the Synod doth appoint Mr, Clark, a candidate in the Presbytery of New York, to supply Mr. Greenman's congregation from the time of his first absence unto the last Sabbath of January. Application was also made to the Synod in behalf of Mr. Gilbert Tennent's congregation in Philadelphia, for supplies until their pastor returns fi-om Great Britain ; in compliance with which the Synod appoint Mr. Prime to supply the four Sabbaths in November next -, Mr. Blair the first four Sabbaths in Decem- ber ; jMr. Treat the last in December and three first in January ; Mr. Rogers the last in January and three first in February ; Mr. William Tennent the last in February and three first in March ; Mr. Davenport the two last in March, and two first in June j Mr. Bewel the four Sabbaths in April ; Mr. Burr the berton's earnest request, the committee, (being sensible of the many special difficulties he labours under,) allow him a month's time of trial, and if upon a faithful endeavour to heal the divisions and serve the interest of Christ's kingdom among them, he finds all his attempts vain, and still continues his desire of a dismission, they judge it best he should be left at liberty to remove from or abide with them, as he shall think most consistent with his duty. As to Mr. Gumming, since no reasons have been offered to the committee against his dismission, the committee do judge from what has appeared to them, and for the reasons urged by him, that his pastoral relation to the Presbyterian congregation in New York should be dissolved, and it is hereby dissolved accordingly. It is with pleasure the com- mittee observe that there has been no objection against Mr. Cumming's moral conduct or ministerial labours ; they do, therefore, freely recommend him, (if God shall please to restore his health,) to any Christian congregation where Divine Providence may call him, as a man of eminent ministerial gifts and abilities, and one whom they think in many respects fitted for special service in the church of Christ. And the committee do recom- mend it to the congregation as their indispensable duty, that they make up all the arrears of salary they promised to give to Mr. Gumming. Concluded with prayer. 262 MINUTES OF THE [1755. four Sabbaths in May ; Mr. Finly the last two in Juno ami two first in July ; Mr. John Smith tlie throe last in July and first in August; 3Ir. Jones the three last in August and first in September; Mr. Spencer tlje four last in September. And in ease any of the members fail, it is recommended to the several J'resbyte- ries to which they respectively belong, to take proper care that others be sent in their room. The Synod taking into consideration the destitute condition of Virginia and North Carolina, as it hath been represented unto them, do appoint 3Iessrs- Beatty, IJostwick, Lewis, and Thane, each of them to make a visit to those parts, for the space of three mouths, and the seasons to be agreed upon by themselves. In order to supply Mr. Beatty's congregation, the Synod appoints Mr. Moffet to supply the month of November, (he concluding to set off in the beginning of said month,) and Mr. Azariah Ilorton the four first Sabbaths of December; that Mr. Allen supply 3Ir. Lewis's congregation the month of January, and Mr. McCrea the month of February. Adjourned till half an hour after two of the clock, P. 3L Concluded with prayer. Eodem Die, half an hour after tico o'clock, P. M. Post jn-eccs sederunt qui mpra. Together with IMr. Allen, whose absence hitherto is excused. The Presbytery book of New York being revised was approved. The supplying Mr. Thane's congregation during his journey to Virginia, &c. is recommended to the Presbytery of New York, as they shall judge needful. "With respect unto Mr. Bostwick's congregation, the Synod appoint Mr. Gumming to supply it three Sabbaths during his absence, and 3Ir. Simon Hortoa three Sabbaths, Mr. Dagget two Sabbath.s, and Mr. l*ark two Sab- baths. The Synod also appoint the Presbytery of Suffolk to supply Mr. Bowel's congregation during the time he supplies in Philadelphia. The Synod do agree, that hereafter there shall be a committee of overtures appointed at the beginning of the Synod, and that all now business shall first be laid before said committee, in order by them to be laid before the Synod. Pursuant to the order of the last Synod fi)r a collection by the .several minis- ters of their body, the following members brought their collections, viz. Messrs. Burr, Jones, Bostwick, Thane, Azariah Ilorton, Davenport, William Tennent, Lewis, Read, Kennedy, Hunter, Beatty, Treat, Jlobort Henry, (Jroenman, Finly, Blair, Rogers, and Robert Smith, all which amounted to nine pounds, sixteen shillings, and nine ponce, provincial currency, and was committed into the hands of Mr. Treat, as their treasurer. Adjourned to the first of October, to meet at Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer. 17 SS, The Synod met according to appointment. Philadelphia, October \st, 1755. Uhi post prcrcx gedrrunt Ministers of New York I'resbytery : IMossrs. Aaron Burr, Azariah Ilorton, Elihu Spencer, Jacob (jlrecn, John Braiuerd. Elders: Samuel Lum, Joseph Ogden, Jo.seph Tuttle. Ministers absent: Messrs. Johu Pierson, Timothy Jones, Simon Ilorton, 1755.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 263 Timothy Allen, David Bostwick, Caleb Smith, Aaron Richards, Alexander Cummins, Chaucey Graham, Jonathan Elmore, Enos Ayers, John Moflat, John Smith, Daniel Thane, John Maltby, Hugh Knox. Ministers of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. James McCrea, James Davenport, Charles McKnight, Thomas Lewis, Israel Read, Samuel Harker, Samuel Kennedy. Elders : John Adams, Gilbert Hendrickson, Robert Moore, George Warner, Thomas Coone. Ministers absent : Messrs. William Tennent, Job Prudden, Conradus Worts. Suffolk Presbytery : All absent. Abington Presbytery, ministers : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, Benjamin Chesnut, Charles Beatty. Elders : Thomas Bourn, William Adams, Thomas Francis, Isaac Mills, John Wigton. Ministers absent : Messrs. Nehemiah Greenman, Henry Marten. New Castle Presbytery, ministers : Messrs. Evander Morrison, James Camp- bell, Samuel Finley, Samuel Davies, John Roan, Andrew Bay, John Rodgers, James Finley, John Hogge, John Blair, Robert Smith. Elders: John Kirkpatrick, Philip Davies, William Bell, John Withrow, David Stewart, Benjamin Blyth, Charles Vance, Thomas Sharp, William McCrea. Ministers absent : IMessrs. Charles Tennent, Alexander Craighead, Andrew Sterling, Hugh Henry, Robert Henry, John Brown, John Wright, John Todd. The Synod was opened by a sermon from 2 Cor. iv. 1, preached by Mr. Davenport, the last year's moderator. Mr. Burr is chosen moderator for the ensuing year, Mr. Davies clerk. Mr. Edwards is desired to sit with this Synod as correspondent. The reasons of the absence from last Synod, of the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, Campbell, Roan, Davies, Bay, Todd, James Finley, Gilbert Tennent, John Wright, Lawrence, McKnight, Harker, and Morrison, are sustained. The reasons of absence from this Synod, of Messrs. Pierson, William Tennent, Greenman, Todd, Bostwick, Jones, Smith, Richards, and Simon Horton, being related by some members present, are sustained. Messrs. Pierson, Spencer, Bostwick, Gilbert, William and Charles Ten- nent, Treat, Davenport, Rogers, Prime, Brown, Azariah Horton, Samuel Finly, and the moderator, are appointed to be a commission of the Synod for the year ensuing. The Synod finding there is but one Presbytery book present, it is ordered that all the books be brought by each Presbytery at the meeting of the next Synod. The committee appointed to attend upon the Synod of Philadelphia, to con- fer with them upon the head of the union, do make report, that they complied with said appointment, and after conference had with a committee of that Synod upon that head, and after hearing several things offered in relation thereto, desired that Synod to send their proposals in writing to this Synod to be con- sidered at their next meeting. JMr. Simon Horton's reason for absence from the last Synod without leave, is sustained. Mr. Greenman's appointment to supply Hanover was complied with; as also the supplies appointed for Philadelphia, till Mr. Tennent's return from Great Britain. Messrs. Beatty and Thane have fulfilled their appointments to go to Vir- ginia and Carolina; and Mr. Lewis's reasons for non-compliance, are sus- tained. 264 MINUTES OF THE [1755. Mr. Azariah Ilorton supplies Mr. Beatty's congregation in bis absence, according to appointment. As Mr. Moffat did not comply witb tbe appointment of Synod in bis sup- plies, tbe Synod order tbe Presbytery of New York to inquire into tbe rea- sons of bis omission. Messrs. Blair, Azariah Horton, Rogers, Davenport, Morrison, Beatty, and Davies, are appointed a committee of overtures, and for any otber business tbe Synod sball recommend unto tbem, and tbat tbey meet to-morrow morning, at cigbt of tbe clock and Mr. Davies moderator. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine of tbe clock. Concluded with prayer. 2c? day. Nine of the clock, A. M. Post prcces sederunt qui sujyra. Messrs. Marten, Read, Charles Tennent, and Worts, are come, and tbe reasons of their absence yesterday arc sustained. A reference was brought into tbe Synod by the Presbytery of New York, concerning the removal of Mr. Bostwick from Jamaica, by a call from tbe Presbyterian congregation of New York, and the settling tbe order and disci- pline of said church, which, after reading several papers, and hearing what was oflFercd in relation thereto, was deferred till the next sederunt, for further consideration. Application being made to the Synod from the trustees of New Jersey col- lege, for a general collection in all their congregations for tbe use of said col- lege, the Synod do recommend it to their several Presbyteries, to take such measures as tbey judge proper to make collections in the congregations within their respective bounds, for the use of the college of New Jersey betwixt this and tbe next Synod, and send such collections by some proper hand to tbe Synod. Adjourned till four of tbe clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Four of the clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of New Y'^ork rea.ssumed, but for want of time to go through with it, it is referred to the next sederunt. Upon sundry petitions from various parts of North Carolina, setting forth their distressed circumstances for want of a preached gospel among tbem, and requesting help from this Synod, Messrs. Brainord and Spencer are appointed to take a journey thither before winter, and supply tbe vacant congregations there, and in parts adjacent, for six months, or as long .is they shall think ne- cessary ; and tbe appointment of supplies for Mr. Spencer's congregation is refer- red till to-morrow. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at half an hour after eight of the clock. Concluded with prayer. S<1 day. Half an hour after ei'jht of the clock, A. M. Post 2»'cces sederunt qui sujira. Kxccpt the Rev. Messrs. Burr, Brainerd, McKnight, and Lawrence, who wer<' permitted to go away. Tbe moderator being gone, Mr. Treat was desired to take bis place at this sca.son. A fKtition was brought into tbe Synod setting forth the necessity of erecting n new Prcsbytt-ry in Virginia, the Synod tbertforc appoint tbe J{iv. Samuel Davifs, .John Todd, Alexander Craighead, Robert Henry, John AVrigbt, and John Brown, to be a I'resbytery, under the name of the Presbytery 1755.] SYNOD OF NEW YORK. 265 of Hanover, and that their first meeting shall be in Hanover, on the first Wednesday of December next, and that Mr. Davies open said meeting by a sermon ; and that any of their members settling to the southward and west- ward of Mr. Hogge's congregation, shall have liberty to join said Presbytery of Hanover. The affair from New York reassumed, and as there was not time to finish it, it is referred till the afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three of the clock, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui siqjra. The affair from New York reassumed, and the Synod having fully heard and discussed said affair, do appoint Messrs. Spencer, Samuel Finley, and the clerk, to draw up the judgment of the Synod thereupon, against eight of the clock this evening. The Synod appoint Mr. Clark to take a journey into Virginia and North Carolina, to supply the vacancies there for six months, betwixt this and next Synod, particularly at Rocky River and Sugar Creek, at the Hawfields, Enno, Ilico, and Dan Rivers. A paper was presented to the Synod containing an account of sundry gene- rous and valuable donations from divers friends in England, for the education of pious, indigent youth, for the gospel ministry, which the Synod, in order to express their gratitude for, as well as for the security of the same for the pur- poses aforesaid, order to be recorded in their minutes, and are as follows. To the Reverend Synod of New York, The annual interest of the following donations was appropriated by the donors, for the education of such youth for the ministry of the gospel, in the College of New Jersey, as are unable to defray the expenses of their education, who appear, upon proper examination, to be of promising genius, Calvinistic prin- ciples, and in the judgment of charity, experimentally acquainted with a work of saving grace, and to have a distinguished zeal for the glory of God, and salvation of men. London. Mr. Samuel Savage, Mrs. Rachel Spellerberg, Mr. William Wetmore Robert Cruttenden, Esquire, . Rev. Mr. Ziegenhagen, Rev. Samuel Pike, Rev. George TurnbuU, Mr. Joseph Williams, of Kidderminster, Mr. Austin, of ditto Mr. Joseph Field, Mr. Cruttenden' s Friend, , . , Mr. Henry Carrington, Mr. Carrington Bowles, Mr. Dennis Debert, ... Mr. James Cox, .... Mr. William Fuller, Daniel Booth, Esquire, Rev. Thomas Gibbons, and some of his friends, Rev. Thomas Hall, and some of his friends, Mr. Joseph Hartwell, .... 34 £ s. d. 10 10 0 50 0 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 4 4 0 3 3 0 1 1 0 5 5 0 3 12 0 1 1 0 5 5 0 3 3 0 1 1 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 5 5 0 12 12 0 15 15 0 2 2 0 5 5 0 2 o 0 1 1 0 3 3 0 1 1 0 10 10 0 . 23 9 0 27 5 6 , 46 0 0 5 5 0 1 1 0 20 10 6 2GG MINUTES OF THE [1755. London. £, s. d. Mr. John Bowles, ....... Mr. Furnell, ....... Mr. Skinner, ........ Mr. Jonatlian Eade, ...... Mr. Shirly Wolnier, ...... Mr. James EnglLsb, ...... The Independent Congregation in Ipswich, . Kev. Mr. Frost's Congregation in Yarmouth, llev. Mr. David.son's Congregation in Braintrc, Rev. Mr. Fosket in Bristol,* .... Mr. Luuel in Dublin, ...... Rev. Mr. Ogilvie in New Castle, .... Sum total, £296 17 0 The above sum of two hundred and ninety-six pounds, seventeen shillings, sterling, being given in trust to us, the sub-scribers, with design that the annual interest thereof for ever be applied for the use aforesaid : A\'e do, by virtue of said trust, put the said sum into the hands of the trustees of the College of New Jersey, in trust, to be applied to the education of such youth, of the cha- racter above mentioned, as shall be examined and approved of by the Synod of New York, (or by what name soever that body of men may be hereafter called,) and by them recommended to the trustees of said college, and to be divided among .^uch youth in such proportion as said Synod shall think fit. Witness our hands, Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Davies. London, October 25th, 1754. November 1st, 1754. Received by the Rev. Mr. Pye, of Sheffield, the addi- tional sum of ten pounds, seven shilling.s, and six pence, sterling, to be ajiplied as above directed. Total three hundred and seven pounds, four shillings, and six pence, ster- ling. Gilbert Tennent, Samuel Davies. For the education of youth of the character aforesaid. Samuel Ruggles, Esquire, of Bocking, fifty pounds. The above sura of fifty pounds sterling, being given in trust to us, the sub- scribers, with design that the principal be applied as soon as occasion reijuiretli, for the education of youth of the characters before described : We do, by vir- tue of said trust, put the said sum into the hands of said trustees, for the use, and under the direction of the Synod of New York, aa aforesaid. Witness our hands, London, Octubreces sederunt qui supra. The committee of correspondence, appointed last Synod, report that they have not settled any plan for it, and the ajipoiutment of another committee is deferred till next year. Order(;d, that the money in Dr. Alison's hands belonging to the Widows' Fund lie delivered to the treasurer of the corporation for said fund. Ordered, that Messrs. Samuel Finley, Tate, Kettletas, McDowel, and Wal- lace, be a eoniuiittee to settle the affair of the Synod's Fund with Dr. Alison, and bring iu the report to the Synod to-morrow morning. 1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 303 Names of persons who contributed this year to the Synod's Fund. Mr. James Finly brought in 14s. Mr. Joseph Tate brought in £2 2s. 6d. The reading the minutes of our last sederunt, from the affair of the new regu- lations forward, is deferred until to-morrow morning. Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer. 11 th day, A. 31. Vhi post preces sederunt qui siipra. The committee for settling the Synod's Fund, report that they have settled the accounts with Dr. Alison, which was approved as appears by his books. The affair of regulations resumed and committed to Messrs. McDowel, Brainerd, Tate, and Blair, to draw up a minute concerning this affair to be offered to the consideration of the Synod to-morrow. The case of conscience resumed, and the committee appointed to examine what the English and Levitical laws have determined in this affair, brought in their report. Voted, that the consideration of the above affair be deferred until next Synod, and that it be recommended to the several members to examine the affair more thoroughly before that time, and give their sentiments on it. The second and third cases of conscience deferred till afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Kirkpatrick has got leave to go home. The committee for the Widows' Fund further deferred. As to the second case of conscience the Synod judge, that such a marriage, however inexpedient it be, yet as we cannot find it prohibited by the Levitical law, it is not to be condemned as incestuous. The third case of conscience was considered; and though the majority of the Synod think that the marriage is incestuous, and contrary to the laws of God and the land, and agree that it is sinful and of dangerous tendency, yet inas- much as some learned men are not so clear in this point, it is agreed to resume the consideration hereof next year. An overture was brought in, that as a Professor of Divinity, to instruct youths for the sacred ministry, is much wanted, and highly necessary, the Synod would try to fall upon some measures to obtain one. And the Synod sensible of the need and importance of this, earnestly recommend the considera- tion of it to every Presbytery, that they may consult together how this may be accomplished, and endeavour to make the people under their care sensible of the importance of it; also, that they may be prepared and disposed to contri- bute to so good a design. And ordered, that a copy of this be transmitted by the clerk to the moderators of New Castle and New Brunswick Presbyteries, that they may transmit it to the other Presbyteries. Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 2&th day, at nine o'cloch, A. M. met according to adjournment. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee for the Widows' Fund brought in their report, which may be seen in the Corporation Book. Ordered, That Dr. Alison apply to the Corporation for a copy of their plan to be transmitted to each Presbytery. Ordered, That Mr. Lawrence supply Mr. Beatty's pulpit the first and second 304 MIXUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G0. Sabbatlis of June; ^Ir. Treat the third; Mr. Ramsey the fourth and fifth; Mr. Chirk the first and third of July ; Mr. Treat the second; INIr. jMcKnight the fourth and the first of August; Mr. Treat the second; jNIr. lirainerd the third and fourth; Dr. Alison the fifth; Mr. Treat the first of Septeinher; Dr. Alison the second; Mr. Blair the third; Mr. Samuel Finly the fourth; Mr. Treat the first of October; Mr. Hunter the second; Mr. Oho.snut the third; Mr. James Finly the fourth; Mr. Treat the first (if November; Mr. iVIont- gomerv the second; 3Ir. MeWhorter the third; and Mr. Kodgers the fourth and fifth. The committee appointed to prepare a minute upon the affair of regulations brought in the following, which was approved : The Synod judge, that, agreeably to the usage of other judicatures of our denomination,' it is expedient, especially for such younger members, as shall be introduced into this body from year to year, to be acquainted with the order in which they are to conduct themselves and observe the following practice : Every year, after the Synod is met and a new moderator cho.'^en, the former moderator, before he leave the chair, shall remind his successor, that agreeably to the character he is now chosen to sustain, he is not to leave his chair, n<.ir speak in any affair debated, unless allowed by the Synod, but is only to be a public person to whom all shall speak, and the common mouth of the Synod ; and is to see that becoming order be maintained by all the members, according to the following common rules, which they are all agreed to okscrve : That no member speak to an}' affair until he respectfully ask and obtain leave of the moderator; that all speeches be addressed to the moderator; and when a member has done speaking he shall sit down, or otherwise signify that he has done. No member shall multiply speeches on the same point, unless some new matter is started, or he has been misunderstood, or has forgot something he intended to say; and when any seem likely to waste time by speaking often, the moderator may confine each to speak once oidy in the order of the roll. That no member interrupt another while he is speaking, or offer any different matter after a motion is made, till it be judged of; nor shall he speak to any matter after the Synod have judged it ripe for a vote, unless he obtain leave of the Synod by the moderator. That in all debates the members shall treat each other with becoming respect and decency. That none shall withdraw, or be ab.scnt, in the time of a session without the leave of the Synod obtained by the moderator. That while the Synod is transacting business there shall be no un.seasonable private whispering, or conversation on other affairs, but all shall attend with gravity and decency. If any member act indecently and disorderly, contrary to these rules, the moderator shall reprove, or otherwise censure him as the Synod shall judge proper, and if any member shall think himself denied of any just right, or un- justly blamed by the moderator, he shall not speak disrespectfully to him, but mode.'rtly require the Synod's judgment in the case. After the former moderator has recommended these things to the care of his successor, he shall address the members of the Synod expressing his earnest desire and hope, that they will give all due respect and encouragement to their moderator, in his duty, observe these rules themselves, and in all tilings main- tain the dignity, gravity, and decency, the mutual love and confidence that become their character. And the Synod recommend the observation of such rules to all the l'resl)yterie8. The Synod SL-riotisly considering the dangerous situation of our public affairs, and the melancholy state of religion, agree that the nineteenth day of 1760.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 305 next June be set apart as a day of public fasting and prayer in all the congre- gations under the care of this Synod, where the government under which the}'' live have not this year already appointed a public fast ; that all may humble themselves before Almighty God, to deprecate his wrath, and to pray for the Divine blessing on his majesty's counsels and arms, and the revival of true piety and religion among us. Five queries were brought in, which are as follows : First query. How many ministers are necessary to request the moderator of the commission of the Synod, or of any of our Presbyteries, to oblige the moderator to call any of these judicatures to do occasional business ? Second query. Whether, by our constitution, a new moderator ought not to be chosen as oft as one of our judicatures meet, excepting the commission of the Synod, which is a representative of the body? Third query. Whether our students, bred in our colleges, have not a right to apply to any of our Presbyteries for improvement for the sacred work of the ministry ? and whether they ought not to be received upon sufficient re- commendations ? Fourth query. Whether any minister, or probationer, ordained or licensed in Scotland, England, Ireland, Connecticut, or in any of the Reformed Churches, ought not to be admitted as a gospel minister, or probationer, if he produce sufficifint certificates that he was orderly ordained or licensed, and has behaved according to his character, provided he adopts our Confession, and promises subjection in the Lord ? Fifth query. Whether it is regular for our students of divinity, who intend to return and officiate in the bounds of the Synod, to go into New England, or elsewhere, in order to be licensed ? The further consideration of these queries is referred till afternoon. Mr. Robert Smith got leave to go home. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o^ clock, P. 31. met according to adjournment. JJhi post preces sede- runt qui siipra. The consideration of the five queries resumed. In answer to the first query, the Synod judge, that meetings of judicatures, pro re nata, can only be necessary on account of important occurrences un- known at their last meeting, and which cannot be safely deferred till their stated meeting, such as scandal raised on a minister's character, tending to destroy his usefulness, and bring reproach on religion ; or feuds in a con- gregation threatening its dissolution ; or some dangerous error, or heresy broached; but not for matters judicially deferred by the judicature, except some unforeseen circumstance occurs, which makes it appear that some prin- cipal things on which the judgment depends may then be had, and cannot be obtained if it is deferred till their stated meeting ; nor, for any matters that ordinarily come in at their stated meetings. And when such occasional meet- ings appear necessary to the moderator himself, it is proper to call the judica- ture together, or upon the application of any two members judging it neces- sary, provided always, that seasonable notice be given to all the members of the occasion, time, and place of meeting, and t^at it be appointed at such a season as may render the attendance of the members practicable. But the advice of four or five is judged necessary to call the commission of the Synod. Voted, That Mr. Hugh Williamson, a probationer in the ministry, who was licensed in Connecticut, should be received under the care of the Synod. The consideration of the remaining queries deferred till next year. 39 a06 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OP [17G1. An address from the clergy of the Church of England belonging to this city was brought in and read ; wherein they complain that some members of this Synod have intermeddled in their church affairs to their di.sliking, and query, whether the paper which they say was signed by the moderator and some other members, was signed as a synodical act. The Synod assure these Reverend Gentlemen that they never signed it as a synodical body, nor heard the paper read in Synod, nor was it as much as made known to many of the members of this body. As we have not seen the paper we cannot judge how far they have concerned themselves in the affairs of the Church of England. We desire to intermeddle with no affairs that do not belong to us, but as a body can neither prevent the private correspondence of our members, nor oblige them to produce their letters ; but we presume, if application should be made to the persons who have written, a sight of the paper may be obtained. And we heartily desire that the same good under- standing which has hitherto happily subsisted between us and the Reverend Grentlemen of the Church of England, may still continue. Ordered, That the clerk give a copy of this minute if desired. Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next, to meet in Philadelphia, at the second Presbyterian meeting-house, at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 1761. Fhiladeljihia, Mai/ 20lh, 17G1. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met, according to adjournment, at the Second Presbyterian Church. Uhi post j)reces sederunt Of Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Robert Cross, Dr. Alison, Andrew Hunter, Daniel Lawrence, John Simonton, Gilbert Tennent, Benjamin Ches- nut, William Ramsey, James Latta, Richard Treat, Henry Martin, John Ewing, John Beard. Of New Castle Presbytery : Me.ssrs. Adam Boyd, William McKennan, Daniel Thane, Andrew Sterling, Samuel Finly, James Finly, Alexander 3IcDowoll, John Strain, John Blair, John Rodgers, Hector Alison, John Carmiehael. Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. John Steel, George Duffield, Robert Smith, Sampson Smith, John Roan, Joseph Tate, Robert McMurdie. Of Lewestown Presbytery : Messrs. John Miller, Matthew Wilson, Hugh Henry, John Harris. Of X<'w Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Harker, Benjamin Hait, James Caldwell, James McCrea, Israel Read, AVilliam Kirk- patrick, John Clark, Charles McKnight, Elihu Spencer, James Hunt. Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Caleb Smith, Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, Benjamin Woodroff, Jonathan Elmore, David Bost- wick. Of Hanover Presbytery: Messrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd, Ministers. p>Iders : John Williams, Thomas Francis, James Wilden, David Fhinming, r'rancis Gardner, Daniel William, Samuel Stevens, Daniel Dickinson, Hugh 3IcIlroy, Joshua Thomas, Anthony Tate, James Evans, William M'allace, Moses Irwin, Jared Graham, John King, Jacob Ford, Andrew tjregg, David ('aldwell, Tiiomas Ogden, AValtcr Stewart, James JJoyd, Jowiah Scott, William Walker, Gilbert Hendrickson, Benjamin ]Jonncl, David Davies. Absent members of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. (.'harles Beatty and Nchemiah (ircenman. Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Hutchinson, Charles Tennent, and Andrew Bay. 1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 307 Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Thompson, John Elder, and John Hogg. Of Lewestown Presbytery : Mr. Moses Tuttle. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Samuel Kennedy, Job Prudden, John Hannah, Conradus Worts, John Guild. Of New York Presbyter}^ : Messrs. John Pierson, John Maltby, John Moffat, John Derby, Timothy Allen, John Brainerd, Hugh Knox, Chauncy Graham, Aaron Ptichards, Nathaniel Whitaker, Jacob Green, Enos Ayres, Silas Leonard, Abraham Kettletas, Abner Brush. Of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, Samuel Buel, James Brown, JBenjamin Talmadge, Moses Balden, Abner Reeves, Samuel Sacket, Eliphalet Ball, Ezra Reeves, Thomas Lewis Of Hanover Presbytery : Messrs. Alexander Craighead, Robert Henry, John Wright, John Craig, John Brown, Henry Patillo, Alexander Miller, Samuel Black, Hugh McCadden. The Synod was opened by a sermon on 2 Tim. ii. 2, by Mr. Treat. Mr. Elihu Spencer chosen moderator, and Mr. John Rodgors clerk. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 21s? May, at nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That a letter be wrote to Mr. Silas Leonard, to know his reasons for not attending our Synod, and to inform him, that if he does not either at- tend, or give us sufficient reasons for his absence, his name shall be left out of our book. The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained to the sacred work of the ministry, since our last meeting, Mr. John Simonton and Mr. John Beard. New Castle Presbytery report, that they have also ordained to the same sacred work, Mr. John Strain and Mr. John Carmichael. New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. James Hunt, Mr. James Caldwell, Mr. John Hannah, and Mr. John Clark, and that they have licensed Mr. Amos Thompson, Mr. Samuel Parkhurst and Mr. Joseph Treat. Hanover Presbytery report that they have licensed Mr. James Waddel. The Presbytery of New Brunswick further report that it has pleased God to remove by death, since our last, the Rev. Mr. President Davies and the Rev. Mr. David Cowell. New York Presbytery informs us, that the Rev. Mr. Alexander Cumming is removed to Boston. And the Presbytery of Hanover report, that Mr. William Richardson is joined to the Presbytery of South Carolina. Ordered', That Messrs. Blair, Ramsay, Sampson Smith, Henry, Simon Hor- ton, William Tennent, and Richard Zanchy, be a committee of overtures to meet at eight o'clock to-morrow morning, at the second Presbyterian church, and as often as there may be occasion. Ordered, That Messrs. William Tennent, Treat, Guild, Ewing, McKnight, Caleb Smith, Bostwick, and Hait, be a committee to dispose of the money in the hands of the treasurer of the college of New Jersey, for the education of poor and pious youth for this year, and that they meet at Princeton on the last Wednesday of July for this purpose; and that they prepare a book in which the accounts of said disposal be regularly inserted, and that this or an attested copy thereof, be laid before the Synod at our next meeting. The reasons for Mr. Duffield's not going to Hanover, are sustained ; as also Mr. Mills's. 308 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G1. Upon inquiry wlio had collected for the Indian mission, as ordered last year, it is found the order was not fullillod by Messrs. Cliesnut, Martin, Gilbert Teu- iieut, iSteel, Sampson Smith, Dutlield, lloan, McMurdie, Harris, MeCrea, Harker, Simon Horton, Zauehy, and Todd. Ordered, that these gentlemen collect for this purpo.-^c as .soon as possible. And that the several Presbyteries take due care that collection.*! for this end be made by their absent members who have not complied ; that vacant congregations be warmly applied to by their respective Presbyteries on this head ; and that their several sums be sent to Mr. Sergeant or Mr. Ewiiig as soon as convenient, and, if possible, before the next commencement of the College of New Jersey. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Tlirce o'doch, P. M. Uhi post jyrcces sederunt qui supra. The aflPair of the Indian mission, and the inquiry whether the interest of the Indian fund, in the hands of the trustees of the College of New Jersey was paid to Mr. Brainerd, deferred. ' Ordered, That Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John Miller, Wilson, Samuel Finly, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Kobert Smith, William Tennent, Caleb Smith, Guild, Azariah Horton, Brown, llodgcrs, and the moderator, with the elders, Mes.srs. David Caldwell, John Williams, Joshua Thomas, James Evans, and David Flemming, be the commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, and that eight of them, and the moderator, be a quorum. Ordered, That Messrs. Cross and Gilbert Tennent, with Dr. Alison, be a committee to confer with the trustees of the Gorman fund, about the annuity allowed out of said fund. The ministers belonging to the corporation for the relief of poor and dis- tressed Presbyterian ministers, their widows and children, have leave to meet to-morrow at five o'clock, with the other members of that body. Mr. Harker's case came to be considered- He declared to the Synod, that he had prepared his sentiments for the press, yet if the Synod would take the trouble to read his performance, and convince him that he is wrong, he would amend what is so, otherwise he would think himself obliged to print without delay. The Synod have not sufficient time to read and dispute every point in his performance, which they may judge erroneous or su.spicious. Several members of this body have heard him di.scour.'^e on these subjects, and have read some parts of his performance, who think he labours under several mis- takes; but as the whole Synod cannot form a judgment upon his sentiments from the report of a few who may understand them, tlu-y only at present de- clare to the world, that as far as they have been accjuaintud with his opinions, they do not approve of .some of them. The Synod further agree, that if Mr. Harker, notwith.standing this disap- probation, shall proceed to jirint, every member may bring in their remarks upon his bf)ok to the next Synod in order to their furthir iKttice, and that Dr. Ali.son, Messrs. Treat, Ewing, Samuel Finly, Sterl, and McDowell, or any three of them be in particular a cnnimittce for this i)urpo.se. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 22^/ day, nine ochrk, A. M. Ubi post prcces mlmint tpii supra. The affair of the Indian mission further deferred. The supplies appointed to Albany, ful611ed. Messrs. Robert Cross, Gilbert Tennent, Dr. Aliiion, McDowell, Treat, 1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 309 Samuel Finl}', and Rodgers, are appointed a committee of correspondence for the ensuing year. Dr. Alison represented, that there was some money in his hands belonging to the fund of the late Synod of Philadelphia, which he thought himself unqualified to lay out for the use of this body in a legal manner, and that other sums due to the Synod were in danger of being lost, as they were not a body corporate invested with a power to sue and be sued ; and he requested that this Synod would be pleased to put this fund on a surer footing if possible. The Synod agree, that all money belonging to that fund be put into the hands of the corporation, for the relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian ministers, their widows and children, to be managed by them in trust, for the Synod, after the same manner that certain sums belonging to this body, appro- priated to the education of poor and pious youths, are put into the hands of the trustees of the college of New Jersey, to be managed in trust for us ; and that said sums be disposed of according to an agreem(3nt made between the members of the late Synod of Philadelphia, until the widows, who were under that Synod's care at the union of the two Synods die, or be otherwise provided for. Ordered, That Dr. Alison, with Messrs. William Tennent and Samuel Finly, wait on the above corporation, and request them to accept this trust ; and that these gentlemen, with Messrs. Treat and Ewing, or any three of them, act and do every thing relative to this affair. Ordered, That Messrs. McDowell, Steel, Blair, Ewing, and Rodgers, be a committee to settle the affairs of the Synod's fund with Dr. Alison, and make such distributions of its interest as they may think necessary for the past year ; and that they bring in their report to the Synod on Monday morning. The first and third eases of conscience came to be considered. Dr. Alison, Messrs. McDowell, Samuel Finly, Blair, Bostwick, Caleb Smith, Duffield, Wilson, and Steel, are appointed a committee to prepare a minute ou this sub- ject, and bring it in as soon as possible. The affair of a professor of divinity came to be considered. And the Synod agree to promote this good purpose ; but as several useful designs are at pre- sent under consideration, which may prevent our raising a sufficient fund for this end at this time, it is deferred till a more convenient season. But the Synod being deeply sensible, that the churcjb suffers greatly for want of an opportunity to instruct students in the knowledge of divin- ity, it is hereby agreed, that every student after he has been admitted to his first degree in the college, shall read carefully and closely on this sub- ject, at least one year, under the care of some minister of an approved character for his skill in theology; and under his direction shall discuss difficult points in divinity, study the sacred Scriptures, form sermons, lec- tures, and such other useful exercises as he may be directed to in the course of bis studies. And it is enjoined likewise, that every preacher, for the first year after his licensure, shall show all his sermons to some minister in our Presbyteries, on whose friendship and candour he depends, written fairly, to have them corrected and amended. And as they are but young preachers, we are per- suaded that no better method can be taken in present circumstances to im- prove them in Christian knowledge and render them eminently useful in their stations. It is also enjoined that they preach as often as they can before stated ministers, that they may correct their gesture, pronunciation, delivery, and the like. And it is further enjoined that all our ministers 810 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1761. and probationers forbear reading their sermons from the pulpit if they can convonieutly. The supiilios for 3Ir. Beatty's congregation deferred till next scdcntnt. Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Three ocloch, P. M. Uhi j^ost j^reces sedenint qui s^ipra. The reasons of Mr. Brainerd's absence being made known to the Synod, they are sustained. The consideration of the Indian mission further deferred. The Synod seriously considering the situation of our public affairs, and the melancholy state of religion, agree that the second Thursday of June be set apart us a day of public fasting and prayer, in all the congregations under the care of this Synod, where the goverunieut under which they live has not, or shall not before that time, appoint another day for this purpose; that all may humble themselves before Almighty God, to deprecate his just displeasure, and pray for the blessing of heaven on his majesty's per- son, counsels, and arms; and for the revival of true piety, and decaying reli- gion among us. In answer to the second question in our last year's minutes, respecting the choice of a new moderator, it is agreed, that no moderator has a right to pre- side in any of oiir Presbyteries but by virtue of the election of the members then met; but the presbyters may elect the same person for their moderator from time to time, if they think proper. The an.swer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries deferred. An overture was brought in, to the following purpose, viz. As holiness is a qualification requisite in a gospel minister, query, whether it be the duty of a Presbytery, and possible for them, to make candidates give a narration of their personal exercises, and upon this form a judgment of their real spiritual state towards God, as the ground of admitting or rejecting them ? This deferred to further consideration. Adjourned till six o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 2Zd day, six o^dock, A. M. Ubi post prcces sedenint qui supra. The affair of the Indian mission came to be considered. It is agreed that Messrs. William Tennent, Bostwick, Caleb Smith, McKnight, Azariah Hor- ton, Simon llorton, i\lcl>)wcll, Kirkpatrick, and the moderator, be a committee to consider this matter, and bring in their report on Tuesday morning. The answers to the third, fourth, and fifth queries further deferred. The overture respecting the examination of candidates, deferred till next iederunt. A supplication was brought in for supplies from Ilico, Ilawficlds, Enno, Coddle Creek, Rocky River, Davidson's Creek, and Jiower Settlement, near the Atkin River, all in North Carolina, and particularly for unsettled ministers or candidates. A supplication from the Presbyterian congregation in Kent, in Maryland, was brought in and read, requesting to be dismis.sed froTu Lewestown Presby- tery. The Synod judge it is not expedient to grant this recjuest; but order that the Presbytery of New Castle a.ssist their brethren of Lewestown in sup- plying that congrcgatinu as much as possible. Sujiplicatiitns were brought in from the J'resbytcrics of Lewestown, Done- gall, and llauuver, for candidates, or unsettled ministers, to be sent to them. Adjourned till ten o'clock on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer. 1761.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 311 25th dai/, ten o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra. Francis Gardner Lad leave to go home. The answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries deferred. Mr. Caldwell is appointed to supply the southern vacancies, particularly those in Carolina, who now supplicate us ; and to go thither as soon as possible : and the clerk is ordered to give him a recommendation. Mr. Hunt is appointed to supply the vacancies in Virginia, particularly the Northern Neck. A letter from the convention of the Episcopal Clergy, now in this city, to the Synod, was brought in and read, complaining of a number of our body for interfering in the settlement of Mr. McClenaghan in the city of Philadel- phia, together with a letter wrote to the Archbishop of Canterbury on this subject. The consideration of this affixir deferred till next sederunt. It was overtured that an address to his majesty should be presented by this Synod. Dr. Alison, Messrs. Bostwick, Caleb Smith, and Rodgers, are ap- pointed a committee to draw up said address, and bring it in to-morrow morning. The queries relating to marriage were taken under consideration, and after some conversation on them, further deferred till next sederunt. The remainder of our last sederunt' s minutes deferred till our next. Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Three o'cloch, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The complaint of the Episcopal Clergy further deferred. The aifair of the Indian mission resumed. The Synod taking this matter into serious consideration, judge that though the mission among the Oneida Indians, overtured by Mr. Kirkpatrick, is a matter of great importance, and which we would gladly favour, were it in our power, yet, inasmuch as after all the inquiry we can make, no person can be found to undertake said mission, nor can we in present circumstances raise a sufficient supply for its support, it is agreed that we will to the utmost of our power, support Mr. Brainerd ; and for this purpose agree that another collec- tion shall be raised in all our congregations, one hundred and fifty pounds of which shall be allowed to Mr. Brainerd for the ensuing year ; and that those who have not yet collected shall be included in this order, besides their fulfilling the order of the last year's Synod on this subject. And Mr. Simon Horton is appointed to notify the Presbytery of Sufi"olk of this determination. Mr. Rodgers to supply at Neshaminy the fourth Sabbath instant ; Mr. Clark the first of June ; Dr. Alison the second of June ; Mr. Williamson the third ; Mr. Treat the fourth ; Mr. Sampson Smith the first of July ; Dr. Alison the second; Mr. Williamson the third; Mr. Treat the fourth; Mr. Latta the first of August; Mr, Blair the second; Mr. Ewing the third; Mr. Treat the fourth ; Mr. Carmichael the fifth ; Mr. Kirkpatrick the first of September ; Mr. McDowell the second; Mr. Treat the third; Mr. McKnight the fourth ; Mr. Thane the first of October ; Mr. Martin the second ; Mr. Treat the third ; Mr. Chesnut the fourth ; and Mr. Latta the first of November. An appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery of New York, entered by Mr. Kettletas, was read. The minutes of the Presbytery were also read, and their reasons in support of their judgment. It is agreed that Messrs. William Tennent, Hunter, Treat, Dr. Alison, 312 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1761. Samuel Finly, McKnight, Road, Ewing, Halt, Hector Alison, McDowell, Sampson Smith, Kamsey, and llodgers, be a committee to determine this matter, to meet at Princeton on the last Tuesday of September, at ten o'clock in the morning ; seven to be a quorum, and that the clerk notify Mr. Kettletas of this appointment. The cases of conscience respecting marriage were resumed, and after the most mature deliberation, the Synod judge as follows : That as the Levitical law, enforced also by the civil laws of the land, is the only rule by whith we are to judge of marriages, whoever marry within the degrees of consanguinity or affinity forbidden therein, act unlawfully, and have no right to the distin- guishing privileges of the churches ; and as the marriages in question appear to be within the prohibited degrees, they are to be accounted unlawful, and the persons suspended from special communion while they continue in this rela- tion. Adjourned till six o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 26ih day, six o^ clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The complaint of the Episcopal clergy came to be considered, and Messrs, McDowell, Caleb Smith, Samuel Finly, Wilson, Hector Alison, being ap- pointed a committee to draw up a minute on this subject, brought it in, and is as follows : The Synod would be sorry that any occasion of difference should arise be- tween us and that church, and are of opinion that the brethren mentioned acted without due consideration and improperly in that affair, and particularly- for the induction of Mr. McClanaghan to this city; fur induction in a legal sense is what we disapprove as contrary to our principles. But the members com- plained of declare as follows, viz : That by induction they did not moan a forcible obtrusion of a minister upon the people against their will, which their principles as Presbyterians would never allow them to propose ; but only the Archbishop's influence in .settling the gentleman in question, with the consent of the majority of said congregation, which they understood was the true state of the case. And the Synod further think, these brethren should not lie under the imputation of what is quoted from Mr. McClanaghan's letter, merely upon his doubtful insinuation, nor be put to the unusual task of clearing themselves when there is no evidence against them, and we hope this will satisfy the gentlemen who complain.* Mr. Urainerd is now come. A motion was made from Hanover in Virginia, earnestly requesting that Mr. Joseph Treat should be appointed to visit that important congregation as goon as possible, with a view to his settlement among them; the Synod ap- prove the motion, and recommend it to Mr. Treat that he comply therewith, and also to the Presbytery of New Brunswick to appoint him there without delay. The address to his majesty not yet brought in. An overture was made by Dr. Alison, that an address should be presented to his honour the governor of this province, in favour of the captives dispersed among the savages to the westward. Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer. * See Miller's Life of Rodgers, page 134, et $eq. 1762.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. . 313 Three o^ clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The overture respecting the examination of candidates about their religious experiences, deferred till our next Synod. The answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries in our last year's minutes, and so often repeated, also deferred till our next Synod. The appeal from Donegall Presbytery also deferred. An overture was brought in by a number of the members of Philadelphia Presbytery, that they might be set ofi" as a distinct Presbytery ; this also de- ferred. Ordered, That the address to his majesty be finished by the committee, and that Mr. Cross sign it as moderator. Mr. Ewing is appointed clerk to sign the minute in answer to the Episcopal clergy's letter. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at the first Pres- byterian church in this city, at ten o'clock in the morning. Concluded with prayer. 1762. Philadelphia, May the \Wi, 1762. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment, at the first Presbyterian church. Uhi pos,t preces sederunt Of the Presbytery of Philadelphia : Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Francis Ali- son, Richard Treat, John Ewing, Andrew Hunter, William Ramsey, Daniel Lawrence, John Simonton, John Brainerd, James Latta, John Clark, Benjamin Chesnutt, Henry Martin, John Grriffiths. Of New Castle Preslsytery : Messrs. Alexander McDowell, John Blair, Charles Tennent, James Finly, William McKennan, John Carmichael, John Rodgers, and John Strain. Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. Azariah Horton, Alexander McWhorter, and James Caldwell. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Finley, James McCrea, Charles McKnight, Elihu Spencer, Benjamin Halt, John Hanna. Of Donegall Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Smith, George Duffield, and John Beard. Of Lewestown Presbytery : Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Moses Tuttle, John Miller, Hugh Henry. Of Hanover Presbytery : Mr. Hugh McCaden, Elders : Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Francis Brewster, Joseph Ogden, Daniel Stilwell, Joseph Williams, John Grier, Thomas Armstrong, William Barnet, James Robison, John Adams, John Little, David Ramsey, John Matthews, John Hanna, Samuel Allen, Joseph Collins, Theophilus Alexander, William Gallacher, Anthony Tate. Absent : Of Philadelphia Presbytery : Messrs. Robert Cross, Charles Beatty, and Nehemiah Greenman. Of New York Presbytery : Messrs. John Pierson, Timothy Jones, Jacob Green, Caleb Smith, Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmore, Simon Horton, David Bostwiek, Benjamin WoodroiF, John Smith, Chancey Graham, Enos Ayres, John Mofiat, Abner Brush, John Maltby, Hugh Knox, John Derbey. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs, Samuel Kennedy, Israel Reed, Samuel Harker, Job Pruden, John Guild. 40 8i4 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1762 Of Now Castle Presbytery : ^lessrs. Alexander Hutchinson, Adam Boyd, Andrew Sterling, Andrew IJay, Hector Alison, ])aniel Thane. Of Donegall Presbytery: Messrs. John Steel, John Elder, Samuel Thomson, John lioan, Joseph Tate, Sampson Smith, Robert McMordie, John Hogg. Of Lewestown Presbytery : Mr. John Harris. Of Hanover Presbytery : 3lessrs. Alexander Craighead, John Todd, John "Wright, Eichard Zaiuhy, llobert Henry, John Craig, John Brown, Henry Petillo, Alexander Millar, Samuel Black, James Hunt. Absent, the whole Presbytery of Suffolk. The Synod was opened by Mr. Elihu Spencer, the last year's moderator, with a sermon from Acts xx. 28. Mr. Brainerd was chosen moderator, and Mr. DuflBeld clerk. The reason of their absence from last Synod given by Messrs. Charles Ten- nent, Tuttle, Hanna, and McCaden, were sustained. As Mr. Silas Leonard has not sent an answer to our letter, the clerk is or- dered to write to him as soon as it can be done conveniently. The Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that since our last they have licensed Mr. Samuel 3Iagaw to preach the gospel ; and the Presbytery of New Bruns- wick report, that they have ordained since our last Messrs. Samuel Paekhurst, Joseph Treat, and William Mills, and have licensed Messrs. William Teunent, jun'r. and Enoch Green. New York Presbytery, that they have ordained Mr. Azael lioe. Lewes Presbytery, that they have ordained Mr. Joseph Montgo- mery, who, with Mr. Samuel Paekhurst, took their places as members. On hearing these reports a question was proposed, whether it be proper to ordain to the ministry, sine titiilo, except for some particular mission. The con- sideration of which is deferred till our next sederunt. Appointed as a committee of overtures, Messrs. Treat, Caldwell, McCrea, McDowell, Robert Smith, Wilson, and Hunt, to meet to-morrow evening at the first Presbyterian meeting-house in this city after six o'clock this day, and as often afterwards as may be necessary. The committee appointed last year to dispose of the money in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey college, for the education of poor pious young men for the work of the ministry, not having prepared matters to lay before the Synod, are continued a committee for that end the ensuing year, and are strictly enjoined to bring in at our next meeting, an exact account of the disposal of that money since the year 1758, and of the present state of that fund, for which end they are appointed to meet at the time of the examination of candi- dates for degrees at the New Jersey college this ensuing summer. Mr. James Hunt is now come. Appointed as a commission of the Synod for the ensuing year, Mes.srs. Gil- bert Tennent, Trout, l)r. Alison, Ewing, John Millar, AVilson, President Fin- ley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Robert Smith, William Tennent, Caleb Smith, Guild, Azariah Horton, Rodgens, Spencer, and the moderator, with the follow- ing Elders, Messrs. Gunning Bedford, Francis Brewster, William Barnet, and James Robison, and that eight ministers, with the moderator, be a (juorum ; and that in case of the moderator's death or absence, the first in the order of the minute, who shall be present, be the moderator. AfljouriK'd till nine of the clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Mnj/ (he 20(h, at nine, A. M. U hi post preces sedenint qui »upra. Messrs. Tate, Roan, and Sampson Smith, and their elders, Messrs. Patrick Campble, George Clingan, William Steel, arc now come, and their reasons for absence yesterday, sustained. 1762.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 315 Messrs. Greorge Bryan, David Fulton, and Hugh Hamilton, elders, are now come. The clerk is appointed to write to the Presbytery of Suflfolk, to know why they were absent these three years past, and to let them know that the Synod expect that they will at least send commissioners to attend their meeting. The Synod order their Presbyteries more punctually to bring in their Pres- bytery books to be examined. Mr. Samuel Harker and Mr. Kennedy are come, and their reasons for their absence are sustained. Samuel Douglass, an elder, is come with Mr. Ken- nedy. Doctor Alison informs the Synod, that he has in his hands some money allowed out of the German fund for supporting a school, of which he will give an account before our Synod breaks up, or at our next Synodical meeting ; and further informs us, that the fund for the German emigrants is now ex- hausted, and it is supposed that any further supplies from that fund can hardly be expected. As Mr. Harker has, without the approbation of the Synod, printed a book containing his principles, Messrs. Spencer, Rodgers, Blair, Lawrence, Mc- Dowell, Wilson, and Robert Smith, are appointed as a committee to examine said book, and to bring in a report before the Synod breaks up. The appointment of a committee to correspond with the foreign churches, deferred. The corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian ministers, and their widows and children, have agreed to accept the trust of whatever sums of money may be paid to them for the uses agreed to at uniting the Synods, as was requested in our name by Messrs. Dr. Francis Alison, William Tennent, and Samuel Finley. The committee appointed last year to manage the affair of putting that money into the hands of the corporation, is continued. Ordered, That Messrs. McDowell, Steel, Blair, Ewing, and Rodgers, be a committee to settle the affairs of the Synod's fund with Dr. Alison, and make distributions of the interest according to the agreement at the union, and bring in a report next Monday morning. Inquiry being made who had made collections for the Indian mission, it is ordered that all who have made collections, do this day, between the hours of two and three, pay them to Mr. Ewing, and that he bring in an account of what is done. Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. May the 2Qih, at three of the clock, P. M. met according to adjournment, Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Steel is now come with his elder, Jonathan Holmes, his reasons for his absence are sustained. The Synod seriously considering that our nation is involved in an additional war with Spain, and the melancholy state of religion in our churches, do agree that the third Thursday of June be observed as a day of public fasting and prayer in all the congregations under the care of our Synod, where the gov- ernment under which they live has not, or shall not before that time appoint another day for that purpose, that all may humble themselves before Almighty God, to deprecate his just displeasure, and pray for the blessing of heaven on his Majesty's person, counsels, and arms, and for the revival of true piety among us. The supplies for Mr. Beatty's congregation were in general well fulfilled. Mr. Sampson Smith is appointed to supply Neshaminy the fourth Sabbath 316 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1762. of May, Mr. Steel the fifth ; IMr. Cariuichael the first Sabbath of June, Mr. Treat tho socoml, Dr. Alison the third, Mr. Ilait the fourth; Mr. Martin the first Sabbath of July, 31r. Treat the second, Mr. Latta the third, Mr. Ches- iiutt the fourth; Mr. Clark the first Sabbath of August, Mr. Treat the second, Mr. MontiTonury the third, Dr. Alison, the fourth, Mr. Simontou the fifth ; Mr. Treat the first of September, Mr. Enoch Green the second, 3Ir. McDowell the third, and Mr. Roberts the fiturth. The committee appointed to consider Mr. Kcttletas's aflfair met according to appointment, and report as follows : ^^Princeton, September the '2dth, 1761. " The committee of the Synod met according to appointment, Ubi post preces sederunt "Messrs. William Tcnnent, Richard Treat, Dr. Francis Alison, Samuel Finley, John Rogers, Andrew Hunter, and Israel Read, " Dr. Alison was chosen Moderator, Mr. Treat clerk. "The committee took Mr. Kettletas's affair under consideration, and finding that Mr. Kettletas was not present, who sent sufficient reasons to eicuse his ab.sence, and earnestly requesting that we would endeavour to remove the dif- ference subsisting between him and the Presbytery of New York : It was unanimously resolved, that the committee could not proceed in a judicial way to determine the cause while one of the parties was absent, therefore it was thought proper to confer with the Presbytery, and to remove all grounds of complaint between him and them if possible. It plainly appeared from what had been acknowledged, both by Mr. Kettletas and the Presbytery, that the Presbytery in dealing with him, intended only to bear testimony in a mode- rate manner against any thing which deserved censure or admonition, even in a brother, for whom they had a very high esteem, and that in so doing they did not intend to suspend him, or remove him from their fellowship as a bro- ther, but only to admonish him in a friendly manner, and in this the com- mittee do approve their conduct; and inasmuch as Mr. Kettletas desires our assistance to remove all misunderstandings, and that he may live in peace and friendship with the Presbytery, as well as with his other brethren, we have requested the Presbytery to grant this desire, and they have condescended to what we ref(uest ; and from henceforth do receive him into good standing with them without any further censure. Concluded witli prayer." Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer. 21 day, at nine of the clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Kwing reports, tliat he has received for the Indian mission since our last, the sum of one hundred and sixteen pounds, two shillings and nine pence, an account of which he has in his book. Inasmuch as some members of the Synod have made no collection for the Indian mission, and some have collected but once for that purpose, so that the sums coMected do not amount to the sum promised by the Synod to Mr. JJrai- nerd, they do strictly enjoin every IVesbytcry under their care, to excite those members who have yet made no collections, to propose to their congn^irations cither to make two or at least one very liberal collection for this mi.ssion be- fore our next meeting, and that care be taken to excite vacant congregations to do the same, and that each l*resl)ytery report when we meet what has been done; and it is agreed, that what remains after paying the missionary, shall be appropriated to the use of a school among the ludiau.s; and that what 1762.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 317 money may be collected, be paid to Mr. Ewing, or to Mr. Jonathan Sergeant at Princeton, and that every Presbytery take a copy of this minute, and that to such as are absent the clerk send a copy. Messrs. Ptichard Treat, Dr. Francis Alison, Rogers, President Finley, and Bryan, are appointed to prepare an address to his honour, the governor, and one to the Assembly of this province, requesting them to attempt the recovery of such captives as yet remain among the Indians, and bring in the said address on Monday morning. The overture respecting the examining candidates about their religious expe- riences, deferred ; to be entered on the first thing in the afternoon. Adjourned till three of the clock. Concluded with prayer. Three of the dock, P. M. met according to appointment. Ubi post jireces sederxmt qui sxipra. With Mr. Kirkpatrick.) Ordered, To proceed to the consideration of the query respecting the ex- amination of candidates, which was introduced last year, by being so pro- posed, viz : Query : Whether it be the duty of a Presbytery, and possible for them, to make candidates give a narrative of their personal exercises, and upon this to form a judgment of their real spiritual state towards Grod, as the ground of ad- mitting or rejecting them. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, half an hour after eight of the clock. Concluded with prayer. 22<^ day, tlie Synod met according to adjournment. Ubi post preces sederunt qui supra. A number of the members of the Synod who apprehended themselves par- ticularly concerned in the solution of the question under consideration, informed the Synod that they considered the question as a case of conscience, and as there is some difficulty to understand the query in its present form in our minutes, or how it should be stated in order to proceed ; and some members being allowed last sederunt to withdraw and attempt to fix what might be al- lowed the true and proper meaning of the query ; those members have brought in two papers, which appear to contain the general sentiments of the Synod respecting the query or the precise thing to be considered, it was decreed that these two papers should be recorded in our minutes. But as the person or persons proposing a query have a right to propose it in his or their own terms, this motion was over-ruled, and the persons who proposed it gave it in their own words, which are these following : Query : Whether a candidate's declaration of his own exercises and expe- riences in religion, given in the way of a narration of these, or in answer to questions put to him concerning them, should be required by a judicature as one appointed, warrantable and useful mean of forming a judgment of his ex- perimental acquaintance with religion, according to which judgment they are to admit or reject him. Ordered, That every member be called in order to speak what he thinks proper to the question 3 after which, if occasion requires, it may be debated, and then determined. Adjourned till Monday next, at 10 A. M. Concluded with prayer. 318 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1762. 2Ath day, the Synod met according to adjournment. Lhi post preces sede- runt qui supra. On calling the roll, it appears that Messrs. Montgomery, Kirkpatrick, Car- michael, Brewster, Ogden, and Gallachar, are absent, having left town without leave. The Synod see cause to resolve themselves into a committee of the whole house, to speak in the order of the roll, as agreed before, so as no member speak a second time till the roll be gone through, and that Mr. Braiuerd be chairman. Messrs. Steel, "Wilson, and Beard, dissent from the above resolves, and desire their dissent and reasons for it to be entered; which is granted, their reasons are (not brought in.) The committee having heard several gentlemen speak, adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. met according to adjournment. Uli post preces sederunt. Several gentleman more spoke their sentiments. Adjourned till to-morrow, at nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 25th, nine o'clock, A. M. V hi post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee proceeded to hear several other gentlemen speak on the question in debate. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. XJ hi post preces sederunt qui supra. Several members more offered their sentiments. Adjourned till to-morrow, nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. I^th, 9 ante meridiem. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. ]Martin and Mr. Anthony Tate, his elder, have been absent the two pre- ceding day.s, and yet are. The remaining members offered their sentiments. Adjourned till three, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Kirkpatrick is now returned ; his absence the two past days excused. The committee of the whole Synod having diligently attended to the affair under consideration, and every one having had free liberty to speak what ap- peared to him proper, the Synod resume their former character, and resolve to proceed in the affair to-morrow morning. Adjourned till nine, A. M. Concluded with prayer. Tlth, nine, A. M. Vhi post j)reces sederunt qui supra. The Synod apprehending they have, from much conversation on the subject in their late character of a committee, obtained sufficient light to proceed in answering the (|uestion under consideration, order, that the sentiments of the Syuoi"ayer. Three o'clov/i, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Harker's affair came under consideration, and the Synod heard the com- mittee's report respecting his principles collected from his book, and the par- ticular passjiges which they apprehended were expressive of these principles, were read. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 1763.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 329 2Qth day, nine o^chclc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. A supplication was brought in from Hanover in Virginia, for supplies, to which Mr. Todd added a more general request, for young men to supply in the bounds of Hanover Presbytery. Mr. Miller also applied for supplies in the bounds of Lewes Presbytery ; and Mr. Duffield made the same request for the west side of Susquehanna in the bounds of Donegall Presbytery. In consequence of these applications, the Synod appointed Mr. Green to go as soon as he can into the bounds of Lewes Presbytery and supply there two months, and in his return he is to supjjly in the bounds of New Castle a month or six weeks, as it may suit his circumstances. Messrs. William Ten- nent, jun'r. and Jacob Ker, are appointed as soon as they can, to go and sup- ply in the bounds and under the direction of Hanover Presbytery sis months at least. Adjourned till three of the clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. TJiree o'clock, P. 31. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod proceeded to consider Mr. Harker's principles collected from his book by the committee, which are in substance as follows : 1. That the covenant of grace is in such a sense conditional, that fallen mankind in their unregenerate state, by the general assistance given to all under the gospel, have a sufficient ability to fulfil the conditions thereof, and so, by their *wn endeavours to ensure to themselves regenerating grace and all saving blessings. 2. That God has bound himself by promise to give them regenerating grace upon their fulfilling what he, (Mr. Harker,) calls the direct conditions of ob- taining it, and upon the whole, makes a certain and an infallible connection between their endeavours and the aforesaid blessings. 3. That God's prescience of future events, is previous to and not dependent on his decrees, that his decrees have no influence on his own conduct, and that the foresight of faith was the ground of the decree of election. It is further observed, that he often uses inaccurate, unintelligible, and dan- gerous modes of expression, that tend to lead people into false notions in several important matters, as that Adam was the federal father of his posterity in the second covenant as well as in the first; that the regenerate are not in a state of probation for heaven, and several such like. The Synod judge that these principles are of a hurtful and a dangerous ten- dency, giving a false view of the covenant of grace, perverting it into a new modelled covenant of works, and misrepresent the doctrine of the divine de- crees as held by the best Reformed churches, and in fine, are contrary to the word of God and our approved standards of doctrine. The Synod called in Mr. Harker and questioned him in many particulars, and the further considera- tion of his aflair is deferred till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 27th day, at nine d clock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. (Except Messrs. Carmichael and Green, who went away without leave.) Mr. Harker's afiair was resumed, and the Synod, upon mature deliberation, came to the following judgment, viz : The Synod considering that Mr. Harker has for several years been dealt with in the tenderest manner, and much pains taken by his brethren in pri- vate, and in the Presbytery to which he belongs, and by committees which the Synod appointed to confer with him, in order to reclaim him from his erro- 42 330 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G3. neous notious ; but that instead of succeeding in those attempts, ho appeared to be rather cnufirmod nnd resolute in propagating his opinions among the people, by a variety of methods to the great scandal of the church, seducing and perplexing the unwary and unstable : and as he has departed from the truth, and opposed this church in some important articles, and misrepresented the Church of Scotland, his doctrine and practice have a schismatical ten- dency. On the whole, though the exclusion of a member be grievous, yet we judge that the said Mr. Samuel Ilarker cannot consistently be continued a member of this body, and accordingly declare him disqualified for preaching or exercising his ministry in any congregation or vacancy under our care ; and do horoby order, that all be duly warned not to receive his doctrines, nor admit his ministrations, until it shall please God to eouviucc him of his mis- takes, and to bring him to the acknowledgment of the truth, and recover him from the error of his ways. Upon hearing the foregoing minute read, Mr. Ilarker requested a copy, which the Synod ordered to be given him properly attested. After some time Mr. Ilarker came in, and desired to be informed by the Synod, what they designed by their determination respecting him as to its nature and extent. The Synod were much divided in their opinions, but the majority of the Synod returned the following answer : That as by our deter- mination in the forenoon, he is declared disqualified for exercising any part of the ministerial office in any of the congregations or vacancies under our care, 80 by a parity of reason wo judge him disqualified to exercise it any where while he retains his present sentiments. The Synod order Mr. Nathan _Ker, and Mr. Lyon to go to Virginia as 8oon as they can, and supply three months at least under the care of ilauover Presbytery. Adjourned till to-morrow at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 28^^ day, at nine o'docic, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee appointed to examine the several Presbytery books brought in their reports, which are as follow : The Presbytery books of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia and Lewes are approved. New York Presbytery book was approved, save some inac- curacies and improprieties. And also New Castle Presbytery book, except- ing one particular judgment respecting Pencader congregation, which judg- ment the Synod have not sufficient light to approve or disapprove. The members of Synod being few, and fatigued with close application to business, agree that the affair respecting the second Philadelphia J*resbytery be deferred till next Synod, when the members are expected to be more gene- rally present, and in a condition more deliberately to determine whether said Presbytery shall be continued or dis.solved. The affair of ordaining ministers, sino titulo, is referred to each Presbytery, that their members may oe prepared to discuss it next Synod. An answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries, deferred till our next Synod, and it is recfmiraended to our Presbyteries to take copies of them, in order to have thom discussed. Mr. Duffiold's appeal, in respect to a certain evidence in the affair at (Hiest- nut Level, has been effectually determined in considering the affair of the com- mittee and Donegall Presbytery. The appeal brought in by Messrs. Robert Smith, and Duffield, from a judg- ment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting the ordination of elders, de- furred till next Syn(»d. A request was brought in from a Presbytery in New York government, to 1763.] ' NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 3.31 the east of North River, desiring to be incorporated with this Synod, and that some members of the Presbyteries of New York and Suffolk, which are con- tiguous, may be allowed to be joined with them in a Presbyterial capacity. After several members of this body had given full satisfaction concerning their characters, their good standing in the Churches, and that it was not from any unbrotherly or unfriendly views, nor from any disaffection to the neigh- bouring churches that they desired to unite with us, it is agreed to grant their request, provided that they agree to adopt our Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms, and engage to observe the Directory as a plan of wor- ship, discipline, and government, according to the agreement of this Synod. 'Tis allowed that Mr. John Smith, and Mr. Chauncy Graham, join with them; and from Suffolk Presbytery, Messrs. Samuel Sacket, and Eliphalet Ball, and that they be called by the name of Dutchess County Presbytery ; and that Mr. David Bostwick send them a copy of this minute, to let them know our determination. A supplication and an appeal from the second Presbyterian congregation in Philadelphia, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, respecting the removal of Mr. Duffield, was brought in. This affair is deferred till three o'clock, P. M. on Monday next. Adjourned till Monday next, at ten, A. M. Concluded with prayer. SOth day, at ten of the dock. Postpreces sederunt qui siijp7'a. (Except Messrs. Tait and Brush, whose absence is excused.) A query was brought in, in these words : " As sundry members and congre- gations within the bounds of our Synod, judge it most for their edification to sing Dr. Watts's imitation of David's Psalms, does the Synod so far approve said imitation of David's Psalms as to allow such ministers, and their congre- gations, the liberty of using them ?" As a great number of this body have never particularly considered Dr. Watts's imitation, they are not prepared to give a full answer to the question. Yet as it is well approved by many of this body, the Synod have no objection to the use of the said imitation by such ministers and congregations as incline to use it, until the matter of psalmody be further considered. And it is recom- mended to the members of this body to be prepared to give their sentiments respecting this subject at our nest meeting. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. TTiree o'clocic, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The supplication and appeal from the second Presbyterian congregation in this city was read; but as there appeared no commissioners from Carlisle and the Big Spring to give the Synod light in this matter, the Synod cannot deter- mine it at present. But as it appears that the congregations of Carlisle and the Big Spring never had the opportunity of being heard before the Presbytery of Donegall, and that they, for this reason, have not had proper means of obtain- ing light sufficient to examine and determine this cause, the Synod remit the affair to said Presbytery, and appoint them to meet at Carlisle, the last Wed- nesday of June, to hear and determine the matter; and if the case must return to the Synod either by appeal or reference, the moderator of the Presbytery immediately inform the moderator of the Synod by a letter, that the commis- sion of the Synod may be called. Ordered, That a copy of this minute be sent by the clerk to the session of Carlisle and Big Spring. A certain Andrew Mahaffey brought an appeal from a judgment of the Pres- 332 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1763. bytery of "Ponogall, confirming a judgment of the session of Cliostnut Level. The niiiiutcs of said session were read, and said Mahalfey fully heard. Upon the whole, the Synod judge: 1. That inasmuch as Andrew Mahaftey submitted to the judgment of the session with respect to himself, that he ought not to have been deprived of any ehwch privileges because he di.sapprovcd of, and ap- pealed from, the judgment in other instances. 2. That the Synod agree with the session that there is not sufficient evidence to convict Andrew Boyd of the crime he was charged with, yet it appears to this Synod by the depositions laid before them, that the said Andrew Boyd used a very indecent and immodest freedom with the wife of said Andrew Mahaffey, for which he ought to have been censured by the session, and they are enjoined hereby to rebuke and ad- monish him for the same. 3. That though the Synod are not clear that the charge of perjury is to be fixed on said Andrew Mahaffey's wife, yet they are clear that she is guilty of falsehoods and contradictions in what she has sworn and afterwards declared in that affiiir, and therefore she ought to be debarred from the distinguishing privileges of the church until the matter can be further cleared, or she give proper evidence of repentance. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 31 dill/, at nine 6'cloclc, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. A supplication was brought into the Synod from the first congregation of West Nottingham, to be disannexed from the Presbytery of New Castle, and to be united to the Presbytery of Donegall. In reasoning on this subject many of the Synod were of the mind, having considered the situation of the congre- gation, that it would not be expedient to .set off said congregation as recjuested, without setting off some other congregations and ministers in like manner; therefore it was proposed that the other congregation of West Nottingham, the congregation of Little Britain, with Mr. Hunt their minister elect, and Mr. Strain, and his congregations, should be also set off, and it being put to the vote, it was carried that all these conjiregations should be set off from the Pres- bytery of New Castle and annexed to the Presbytery of Donegall. Adjourned till three of the o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. An appeal was brought in from a judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall respecting the licensure of Mr. William Kdmiston, in consequence whereof the Synod heard the reasonings of both parties, and after a deliberate consideration of what was offered, it was judged that the conduct of the Presbytery was not to be approved in licensing that young gentleman, until the objections offered against their proceedings to his licensure had been fully consiilered. The Synod, with the consent of Donegall Presbytery, agree to refer the trial of Mr. Kdmiston's affair to the committee, to meet at Little Britain, to be by them issued, and that Messrs. (iuild and Bay be joined to the said commit- tee, to try all affairs to come before thum, and that all parties be cited by the clerk. The society incorporated for the widows' fund, gave a commission to INIessra. Treat, Finlcy, and Dr. Alison, to apply to the Synod, desiring tiiat they ap- point a committee to sit with them the first Tuesday of November, that tliey may jointly consider on the return of the missionaries from tht; frontiers what may be most proper to be done to promote the kingdom of (Christ there, and what sums may bo necessary to defray their expenses, inasmuch as some fif the money under the care of this corporation is to be di.sposed of for such pious uses, with the approbation of such a committee. 1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 333 Messrs. Montgomery, Hunter, Kirkpatrick, Simonton, and Ramsey, are ap- pointed a committee fur this purpose. The address to the king was read and approved. Ordered, That it be signed by the moderator in the name of the Synod, and directed to Dr. Samuel Chandler, in London, requesting that he and the hon- ourable William Allen, Esquire, and Andrew Elliot, Esquire, both of this city but now in London, and Dr. Avery, of London, and whoever else these gentle- men think proper to join with them, wait on his majesty and present it in our name. The Rev. Mr. Gilbert Tennent labouring under bodily indisposition that ren- ders him unable statedly to preach to his people, he, in conjunction with his congregation, made application for supplies to his pulpit the ensuing summer. The Synod appoint as follows : that Mr. Kirkpatrick supply the first Sabbath of June; Mr. Treat the second; Mr. Treat, junior, the third and fourth; Mr. Jacob Kerr the first, second, and third Sabbaths of July ; Mr. Hunter the fourth ; and Mr. Ramsey the fifth ; Mr. Robert Smith the first, and Mr. Wil- liam Tennent the second Sabbath of August; Mr. Rogers the third, and Mr. Montgomery the fourth ; and Mr. Thompson the month of October. Mr. Samuel Harker brought in a paper which was read, and the Synod did not see any reason from what was there offered to alter their judgment. At three o'clock, P. M. adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next, to meet at Elizabethtown, at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 1764* EUzabeilitown, May \Q)th, 1764. The Synod of New York and Philadelpliia met according to appointment at the first Presbyterian church in this town. Ubi j^ost preces sederunt Of Suffolk Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Thomas Lewis, Benjamin Tal- mage, and William Mills. Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Simon Horton, Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones, Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin Woodroff, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph Treat, James Cald- well, Azael Roe, and Samuel Packhurst. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Samuel Finley, Elihu Spencer, Israel Read, John Guild, Enoch Green, Wil- liam Tennent, jun'r. Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery; The Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, Charles Beatty, John Brainerd, Daniel Lawrence, and William Ramsey. Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Rogers and John Carmichael. Of Donegall Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith and James Hunt. Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. Joseph Montgomery. Elders : Messrs. Elnathan Wiiks, Gideon Hedges, Joseph Prudden, John Oliver, Simon Ross, John Woodrofi", Samuel Camp, Garret Noel, Samuel Woodrofi", Joseph Kerr. Ministers absent : Of Suffolk Presbytery : Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Syl- vanus White, Abner Reeve, Samuel Buel, Nehemiah Barker, James Brown, Ezra Reeve, Moses Baldwin. Samson Occam, Thomas Payne. Of New York Presbytery: Messrs. Jacob Green, John Darby, Moses Tuttle, John Mofi"at, Enos Ayres, Abraham Kettletas, John Maltby, Hugh Knox. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : Messrs. Charles McKnight, Samuel Ken- 334 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1764 uedy, James McCrea, William Kirkpatrick, John Hannah, Job Prudden, Benjiuiiiu Halt, Thomas Smith. Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery: Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Andrew Hunter, Nehemiah Greeuman, John Clark, IJenjamiu Chesnut, and John Griffith. All the second Philadelphia Presbytery absent. Of New Castle Presbytery : Messrs. Adam Boyd, John Blair, Alexander McDowell, Andrew Sterling, Andrew Ba}', James Fiuley, William MeKennan, and Alexander Hutchinson. Of Donegall Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thomson, John Steel, John Elder, John Roan, Joseph Tate, Sampson Smith, Robert McMordie, John Hogg, George Uuffield, John Strain, and John Baird. Of Lewes Presbytery : Messrs. Charles Tennent, John Millar, Matthew Wilson, and John Harris. All the Presbytery of Hanover absent. Mr. Beatty was chosen moderator, who, after having received a charge from the last year's moderator respecting the discharge of his duty, took his place j Mr. Caldwell was chosen clerk, and Mr. Montgomery assistant. The Synod was opened by Mr. Rogers, the last year's moderator, by a ser- mon from Acts xi. 24. The Rev. Messrs. Charles Jeffrey Smith, and Benoni Bradner being present, were desired to sit as correspondents. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 17^^ day, at nine dclock, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The Rev. Thomas Smith now come and excused. The members are all ex- cused who have given their reasons for their absence in times past. The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that since our last Mr. Henry Martin is deceased. The Presbytery of New Brunswick report, that since our last they have ordained to the work of the ministry the Rev. Messrs. Amos Thompson, Jacob Kerr, and Nathan Kerr, who being present took their seats in the Synod ; and that they licensed Messrs. David Caldwell, Francis Pepper, and John Roxburrow, to preach the gospel. The Presbytery of New York report, that the Rev. Mr. David ]Jostwick is, since our last, re- moved by death, and that they have received Mr. John IMurray, a candidate from Ireland, under their care. Suflulk Presbytery report, that since our last they have admitted Mr. Tiiomas Pain as a member. New Castle Presbytery report, that since our last the Rev. Mr. Thane is removed by death. Appointed for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Messrs. Thcmias Lewis, Benjamin Talmage, William Tennent, Samuel Finle}', Robert Smith, Azariah Horton, Aaron Richards, Richard Treat, John Braincrd, John Rodgers. lilders : Messrs. Samuel Woodroff, Joseph Kerr, Garret Noel, aiid John Hannah, to meet to-morrow morning at eight o'clock, at this place, and as often afterwards as they may think propctr. Messrs. JJenjamin Woodroff, Robert Smith, and Jo.>^eph Treat, are ap- pointed to revise the Presbytery book of New l>ruiiswick. The Presbytery of Donegall have not brought in their Presbytery book, notwithstanding re- peated orders given for that purjiose several years; the Synod highly blame such delays and neglects, and appoint Messrs. Robert Smith, and James Hunt to take particular care that tlu; book be brought in next year, and that a copy of this minute be sent to the Presbyt(;ry. Messrs. Read and Ramsey ap- pointed to n^vise the Presbytery book of Suffolk. Messrs. William Tennent and Spencer appointed to revise the J'rcsbytery book of New York. The 1764.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 335 books of the first and second Philadelphia Presbytery, of Now Castle, Han- over, and Lewestown, not brought in. ' Mr. Brush reports, he complied with the last Synod's order with respect to Mr. Leonard, and further reports, that since that time Mr Leonard is dead. The committee appointed to dispose of the interest money in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey college, appi-opriated to the education of the poor and pious youth, report, that they met according to appointment, but their minutes not being present, they are not able to give a particular account of the matter. The Synod appoint Dr. Finley, with Messrs. William Tennent, Guild, Brainerd, Blair, Kirkpatrick, Ewing, and the moderator, to be a com- mittee to meet at Princeton the third Wednesday of August, to dispose of as much of said money as shall be due at next commencement if there be need. The Synod appoint as their commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Treat, Dr. Alison, Ewing, John Miller, Wilson, Dr. Finley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Robert Smith, William Tennent, Guild, Azariah Horton, James Brown, Spencer, Brainerd, Hunter, McDowell, Jones, Rodgers, with the moderator. And the following elders, Messrs. Samuel Woodroff, Garret Noel, John Hannah, Joseph Kerr, Joseph Prudden, whereof thirteen members, including the moderator, shall be a quorum, of which ten shall be ministers ; and that in case of the moderator's death or absence, the first in order of the minute remaining, have a power to call the commission and preside. Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock^ P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment, post preces sederunt qui supra. Dr. Alison and Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Cross, Treat, and Ewing, appointed last year to be a committee to collect and put into the hands of the corporation, for the relief, &c. the money formerly belonging the fund of the late Synod of Philadelphia, not having made report, are appointed to comply with the order by our next Synod, if not already done. Ordered, That those who have made a collection for the Indian school and mission, bring in the money to Mr. Brainerd before our next sederunt, and that he lay the account before the Synod. The further consideration of the afikir referred to that time. The Synod find that Mr. Joseph Treat's reasons for not going to Virginia, were sustained by the Presbytery by which he was appointed. The moderator and Mr. Brainerd were prevented from fulfilling the order of the Synod in their mission to the frontiers,, and the whole design of the mission was entirely prostrated by the breaking out of the Indian war. Mr. Halt is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner sustained. Messrs. Enoch Green, William Tennent, jun'r, and Jacob Kerr, complied with the appointments of our last Synod. Whereas Messrs. Read, Carmichael, and Enoch Green, left the Synod last year without asking leave, the Synod cannot but disapprove of the same, and do judge that such conduct in their members is contrary to the design, and de- structive to the very nature of such judicatures, who ai'e always to be supposed to give leave when sufiicient reasons are oifered. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 338 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1764. 18 day, nine o'clock, the Synod jnct according to adjournment. Post jprecet sederunt qui supra. The settlement of the Indian affairs with Mr. Brainerd, deferred till our next aeJerunt. Mr. Nathan Kerr's reasons for not complying with our last year's appoint- ment, sustained. The Presbytery to which Mr. Lyon belonged, rendered satisfactory reasons for his not complying with the last Synod's appointment. Mr. John jMiller having left the Synod last year without leave, and not being present now, the consideration of it is deferred till our next Synod. The affair of Second Philadelphia Presbytery referred to this Synod, came under consideration in the course of reading last year's minute, and after some discourse upon the subject, they do not judge it expedient to determine at this time whether said Presbytery be continued or not, but refer it to the next Synod. The question. Ought ministers to be ordained, sine titulo ? came under con- Bideration ; and after the several Presbyteries had delivered their sentiments, and every member had been called upon to speak to it, the Synod appoint Messrs. llichard Treat, Kodgers, and Dr. Finley, a committee to draw up a minute in answer to said question, and bring it in at our next sederunt. Messrs. Gilbert Tennent, Cross, Dr. Alison, Ewing, llichard Treat, Samuel Finley, Rodgers, Brainerd, and the moderator, are appointed a committee of correspondence with the American and foreign churches, for the ensuing year ; and that they meet at Philadelphia the last Wednesday of July, at three o'clock, P. M. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post jtreces sederunt qui supra. The settlement of the Indian affairs with Mr. Brainerd further deferred. The committee appointed to bring in a minute with respect to the question, Ought ministers to be ordained sine titulo ? are come in ; and after considerable deliberation, the affair is deferred till next sederunt. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 19 day, nine o'clock. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. ^Except Mr. Pierson, who had leave to go away.) iThe moderator being unexpectedly called away, Mr. Rodgers, the last year's moderator, was desired to take the chair ujitil his return. The Indian affairs come under c(»nsideration, and Mr. Brainerd reports that there has been paid into his hands the sum of twenty-eight pound.«, nineteen shillings, and four pence, provincial currency, which money, with other col- lections that arc, or may be put into his hands, the Synod order to be laid out as in manner ordered last year, for the support of the Indian school, and that the money allowed for the support of the master, shall not exceed iifty jiounds, provincial currency ; and further appoint, that a collection be made this year also, through their bounds, for the support of said school ; and that each Pres- bytery take care tiiat said collection be duly made through their bounds, and that they lay their accounts, regularly adjusted, before our next Synod. And Mr. I'trainenl further reports, that then; appears to have been paid to Mr. Occam, about the sum of thirty-four pounds, provincial currency. 1764.] NEW YOKK AND PHILADELPHIA. 337 The Synod order that the interest of the money in the hands of the treasurer of the College of New Jersey for Indian aftairs, be given to Mr. Braiuerd the ensuing year. The question, Ought ministers to be ordained sine titulo f i. e. without rela- tion, or probable view had, to a particular charge, resumed ; and, after further deliberation, we judge as follows : That in ordinary cases, where churches are properly regulated and organized, it is a practice highly inexpedient, and of dangerous consequences, not to be allowed in our body except in some special cases, as missions to the Indians, and some distant places that regularly apply for ministers. But as the honour and reputation of the Synod is much inter- ested in the conduct of Presbyteries in such special cases, it is judged, that they should previously apply to the Synod and take their advice therein, unless the cases require such haste as would necessarily prevent the benefit of such a mission if delayed to the next session of Synod. In which cases the Presby- teries shall report to the next Synod the state of the cases, and the reasons for their conduct. The third, fourth, and fifth queries in the Synod's hook came under consider- ation, and after considerable deliberation, we appoint Messrs. Samuel Finley, Spencer, Tennent, Guild, Montgomery, Hunt, Caldwell, Samuel Woodrofi", and the moderator, to prepare a minute and bring it in at the next sederunt. Adjourned till Monday morning, at ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 1\st day, ten o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post 2^reces sederunt qui supra. (Except Mr. John Hannah, Mr. Smith's elder, who is gone home.) The committee for preparing a minute upon the third, fourth, and fifth queries, report they met but had not time to finish it. Ordered, They bring it in at next sederunt. An appeal of Messrs. Smith, Roan, and Dufiield, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Donegall, with respect to the ordination of elders, deferred till next Synod, (all the parties not being present,) at which time they are ordered to be present and prepared for trial, that the affair may be issued. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. 31. met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee for forming a minute in answer to the third, fourth, and fifth queries in the Synod's book, made their report, and after deliberation and free debate, we judge as follows : In answer to the third query, the Synod judge, that any student in divinity who professes a design to enter into the ministry, has a right in our present situation, to study for his improvement, under the direction of any divine of reputation in the Synod, according to a former act; but that when he proposes to enter upon trials, with a view to the ministry, he shall come under the care of that Presbytery to which he most naturally belongs : And he shall be deemed most naturally to belong to that Presbytery in whose bounds he has been brought up, and lived for the most part, and where he is best known. But if another Presbytery desire that any student or students should come into their bounds, or if any such student or students, for greater conveuiency, or from any circumstances that make it necessary, desire to enter upon trials in a different Presbytery, upon his offering satisfactory reasons, he may be dismissed ; but in either case, the Presbytery to which he removes shall not receive nor admit him to come under trials upon his having a certificate as a regular church 43 338 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17Gi iDcml>or onl}-, but he shall bring a tcstimoniiil from the Presbytery, or several neighbouring ministers where he lived, reeommcnding him as a candidate for the ministry, of exemplary piety and holiness of conversation, nor shall any thing less be esteemed a sufficient recommendation. Messrs. Montgomery and Talmage dis.scnt from the above judgment. In answer to the fourth query we judge, that though every Christian so- ciety should maintain communion with otliers as far as they can with a good conscience, yet no society in order to maintain communion, is obliged to adopt or imitate the irregularities and deficiencies of another, contrary to its own established and approved rules of procedure. And if any society or body of men are known to be of erroneous principles, or to be lax or negli- gent as to the orthodoxy or piety of those they admit into the ministry, as we apprehend to be the case of the New Light, in Ireland, and of some other par- ticular judicatures and individual ministers who may, and in some places on this continent, do convene together as a temporary judicature for the single purpose of licensing, or ordaining a candidate : in such cases, none of our Presbyteries are obliged to receive and employ in their bounds, as gospel ministers or probationers, such persons, though producing fair certificates, and professing to adopt our Confession. But if any ordained minister, or candidate, comes well recommended by those on whose testimony wo can depend, such are to be gladly received upon their adopting our Confession, and promising subjection in the Lord. (See this further explained in the minutes of 1765.) As to the fifth query, though the Synod entertains a high regard for the Associated Churches of New England, yet we cannot but judge, that students who go to them, or to any other than our own Presbyteries to obtain license, in order to return and officiate among us, act very irregularly, and are not to be approved or employed by our Presbyteries, as hereby we arc deprived of the right of trying and approving the qualifications of our own candidates ; yet, if any case may happen wherein such a conduct may, in some circum- stances be thought necessary, for the greater good of any congregation, it shall be laid before the Presbytery to which the congregation belongs, and approved of b}' them. There is no report from the Presbytery of Dutchess county, whether they have complied with the last year's order respecting them. Messrs. Brush and Parkhurst are ordered to give them notice that they are required to attend our next Synod, and give us an authentic account of their forming according to our orders, and that they bring their minutes. Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 22(1 daj/y nine o^ clock, met according to adjournment. Post prcccs sederunt qui supra. (Except Dr. Finley, and Messrs. R. Smith, Thomas Smith, and Bradner, who had leave to go home.) The question respecting psalmody came to be considered, and after much di.scourse on the subject, the Synod do judge that they are not at present pre- pared to give a final an.>iwer thereto, and that it is most for the edifieatidii of the church to defer it to the next Synod. In the mean time we do confirm the agreement of the last Synod, and allow those congregations who find it most expedient to continue in the use of ])r. Watts's imitation till the matter V)e further cotisier Creek meeting-hou.se, and that Mr. .Montgomery open the committee. Ordered, that the moderator and as many of the mem- bers of New Castle Presbytery as conveniently can, attend the committee. The Synod considering the distresseil condition of the frontiers, the calami- tics of an Indian war, and the withholding tiie influences of the Divine Spirit ill a great degree from most of our churches, do agn;o to observe the second Thursday of June thnnighuut our bounds as u day of fasting and prayer, that 17G5.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 341 we may humble ourselves before Almighty God, deprecate his displeasure, and implore the out-pouriiig of his Holy Spirit. Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next, at ten o'clock, to meet at the first Presbyterian church in Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer. 1765. Philadelphia, May 15^7i, 1765. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment. TJhi post jjreces sederunt Of the Presbytery of Hanover, the Rev. Mr. John Todd. Of the Presbytery of Lewestown, the Rev. Messrs. John Miller, Matthew Wilson, John Harris, Joseph Montgomery, and Jacob Ker. Of the Presbytery of New Castle, the Rev. Messrs. John Rogers, John Blair, Adam Boyd, Alexander McDowal, William McKennan. Of the Presbytery of Donegall, the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Tate, Robert Smith, Sampson Smith. Of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, the Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, John Brainerd, Charles Beatty, Daniel Lawrence, Benjamin Chestnut, William Ramsey, John Griffith, John Clai'k. Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, the Rev. Messrs. Robert Cross, Fran- cis Alison, John Ewing, John Siraouton, James Latta. Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick, the Rev. Messrs. Samuel Finley, Elihu Spencer, Benjamin Halt, William Kirkpatrick, John Hannah, Amos Thomp- son, Enoch Green. Of the Presbytery of New York, the Rev. Messrs. A. Horton, Benjamin Woodroff, Alexander McWhortcr, Joseph Treat, James Caldwell, Nathan Ker. Of the Presbytery of Suffolk, the Rev. Messrs. Thomas Lewis and William Mills. Elders : Messrs. Gill, Belcher, Barker, John Maxfield, William Skirvin, Je- rome Duchane, James Anderson, Hugh Wilson, John Wigton, John Walter, John Wallace, Thomas McKean, William Allen, Nehemiah Baldwin, Garret Noel, Samuel Woodroff, Joseph Akin. Of New Brunswick Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Guild, McKnight, McCrea, Reed, William Tennent, Job Prudden, Thomas Smith. Of Suffolk Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Prime, White, Buel, Barker, Brown, Talmage, Paine, Reeve, Occum, and Goldsmith Of Donegall Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Elder, Thompson, Steel, Rowan, Hogg, Duffield, Strain, McMordie, Beard, Hunt. Of Hanover Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Black, Craig, Brown, Patillo, McCadden, Waddel, Rice. Of Lewes Presbytery, absent, Mr. Charles Tennent. Of New York Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Pierson, Jones, Green, Darby, Richards, Roe, Elniure, Packhurst, Moffat, Brush, Tuttle, Peppard, Simon Horton, Knox, and Malby. Of New Castle Presbytery, absent, Messrs. Hutchinson, James Finley, Car- michael, and Sterling. Of Philadelphia first Presbytery, Nehemiah Greenman. The moderator opened the Synod with a sermon from Tit. iii. 8. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. John Miller was chosen moderator, and, having received the usual charge, took the chair. Mr. John Ewing was chosen clerk, and Mr. Kirkpatrick for his assistant. 342 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1765. The reasons of the absence of Messrs. Kirkpatrick, Hunter, Hannah, Ches- nut, and of the whole soeoud Presbytery of Philadoliihia, and of Messrs. Boyd, Bhiir, McDowal, k^aiupson Smith, Miller, Wilsou, Harris, Todd, from our last Synod, were sustained. 31 r. Bay was desired to give his reasons in writing to the Synod, for his ab- sence since the year 1758, to-morrow morning. Mr. Tate excused for not attending last year. The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report that the Rev. Gilbert Tennent is dead since our last. The Presbytery of New Brunswick report, that they have ordained Messrs. James Lyon and John Koxborough to the work of the ministry, and that they have licensed Simon Williams. The Presbytery of New York report, that they have ordained the Kev. Mr. Francis Peppard to the work of the ministry ; and that the Rev. Mr. Enos Airs is dead since our last; arid that the Rev. Mr. Kettletas has withdrawn from this body. Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the min- istry Mr. Benjamin Goldsmith. New Castle Presbytery report, that they have deposed Mr. Andrew Sterling and licensed Mr. Samuel Blair. Donegall Presbytery report, that they licensed Mr. Robert Cooper to preach the gospel. Lewes Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Alexander Huston, who, being present, took his seat in the Synod ; and that they have licensed Mr. Thomas McCrackan. Hanover Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. David Rice, and licensed Mr. James Creswell. The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they licensed Mr. James Leng to preach the gospel in the year 17G4. The Synod appoints for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Messrs. Tate, Todd, Wilson, Rodgcrs, Lawrence, Latta, Hoit, McAVhorter, and jMills; Elders John Maxwell, Nehemiah Baldwine, and John Wigton, to meet at six o'clock to-morrow morning, and by adjournments, from time to time, at this house. Ordered, That the Presbytery book of New Branswick be examined by Messrs. Caldwell and Beatty ; that of Donegall by Messrs. Ramsey and Blair ; that of York by Messrs. Lewis and James Finley ; that of the second Presby- tery of Philadelphia by Messrs. McDowal and Horton. The Presbytery books of Suffolk, Lewes, and Hanover, are not here. The committee appointed to dispo.se of the money in the hands of the trea- surer of New Jersey College, appropriated for the education of poor and pious youth, brought in a state of their accounts since the year 1708, which is as follows : 1758, Nov. 23. Paid by the treasurer to INIr. William Tennent for the use of Mr. Leslie, ... For Mr. Carmichael, ..... 1759, Nov. 23. To Mr. Carmichael, 17ti(), June 11. To President Davies, for the use of Mr. Blair, 1701, Aug. 3. To Mr. Rosborough, per order, ... 17t)2, May 25. To do. per order, ... 17<»;j, Aug. 20. To Mr. Robert Cooper, per order, . - - 1704, July 5. To do. per order, ... Nov. 13. To Samuel Leak, per order, .... £13 0 0 14 15 1 10 (»0 0 20 00 0 30 00 0 14 00 0 20 00 0 1:5 00 0 40 00 0 £174 15 1 £27 15 13 00 12 00 180 00 1 0 0 0 232 15 174 15 1 1 1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. .. 343 Per Contra. 1758, Oct. By interest in band, . . - - - 1762, July 2. By cash returned by Mr. Leslie, 1765, Jan. 26. By do. per do. . . - Oct. By interest on tbe capital, £500, from Oct. 1758, \ at 6 per cent, till Oct. 1764 j Total credit, Paid, Balance, £58 00 0 Tbe Synod appoint Dr. Finley and Messrs. William Tennent, Jobu Guild, Brainerd, Blair, Kirkpatrick, Ewing, Beatty, and Treat, to be a committee to dispose of tbe balance of said fund, wbicb nAy be in tbeir bands September next, and they are to meet at Princeton the third Tuesday of August next. The Synod appoint for their commission tbe ensuing year, Messrs. Bichard Treat, Dr. Alison, Beatty, Ewing, Dr. Finley, Blair, Boyd, Tate, Elder, Robert Smith, William Tennent, Guild, Azarias Horton, Brown, Spencer, Brainerd, Rodgers, Hunter, McDowal, and Jones, with the moderator ; elders John Wal- lace, Samuel WoodrofiF, Garret Noel, Jerome Ducbane, and John Maxwell ; thirteen of whom, including tbe moderator, shall be a quorum ; but if tbe moderator die, or be absent, tbe first on the roll mentioned in tbe minute, shall have power to call the commission and to preside. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of tbe clock. Concluded with prayer. 16^/i May, at nine o'clock, A. M. The Si/nod met according to their ad- journment. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. With the Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Carmicbael, Charles Tennent, Wil- liam Tennent, jun.. Beard, James Finley, Rowan, Strain, and Steel : elders William McConkey, Walter Stewart, David Patten, Alexander McClure, Fran- cis Alexander. Mr. Duffield was also present, Mr. McMordie is come, and the reasons of his absence last year were sus- tained. Mr. Bay brought in the reasons of his absence from Synod since the year 1758, and the Synod earnestly recommend it to him to be more punctual in future attendance upon the judicatures of this church. The committee of correspondence with the foreign churches did no business by reason of the few members attending. The Synod appoint Dr. Alison, Dr. Finley, and Messrs. Treat, McDowal, and Beatty, to prepare a plan of correspondence to be laid before the Synod as soon as convenient. Tbe several Presbyteries are desired to lay before the Synod the account of the money they have collected for the Indian school to-morrow afternoon. Mr. Brainerd is appointed to receive tbe money in the hands of the trustees of New Jersey College for Indian afiairs for tbe ensuing year, as an addition to Iris salary. Mr. Caldwell fulfilled appointments under the direction of the Hanover Pres- bytery. Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter fulfilled their mission to the southward. Mr. McWhorter's pulpit was supplied during his absence, and the Presbytery of Brunswick were satisfied with the care taken to supply Mr. Spencer's people. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 344 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1705. At three o'clock, P. M. the S^nod met. Vhi post j)>t«s sederunt qui si'jira. "With the Rev. Mr. Johu Elder, and Henry Knox, bi.s elder. C)rdercd, That Dr. Alison, iJr. Finley, and Messrs. Treat, Beatty, Wallace, and "Woodroff, be a committee to converse with Mr. Spencer, and Mr. ^Ic- Whorter concerning the expenses of their mission, and make report to the Synod to-morrow morning, that the Synod may be able to judge what thiy should do further both fur the said missionaries, and for the settlement of gospel ministers in Carolina. Mes.«rs. Blair and McDowal are appointed to draw up an answer to the fourth query under our consideration, to be submitted to the judgment of the Synod to-morrow morning The affair of I'salmody is next^o be considered. Mr. Hunt is now come, with his older, Francis Arm.strong. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 17^/i of May, at nine o'clock, A.M. the Synod met. Uhi post preces sede- runt qui siijjra. Mr. Gilbert Belcher Parker is gone home. The committee appointed to converse with Messrs. Spencer and McWhortcr request time till Tuesday morning for further conversation with them. The Synod finding some obscurity in the answer given l:vst year to the fourth query, (vid. j^- 337,) they have agreed to explain it further in the fol- lowing words : It is undoubtedly the right of Presbyteries to converse with any probationer, or minister from foreign parts, as far as they may find it necessary to give them satisfaction, and not receive him implicitly on a certificate, however fair and regular, together with his general profession of adopting the Westminster Con- fession and Catechisms. But if such probationer, or minister^ shall come from a church or judicature generally suspected, or known to be erroneous, or lax and negligent with respect to the moral conduct or piety of their candidates, or members; or if they shall come from any number of ministers who may con- vene without any regular constitution, merely for the purpose of licensing or ordaining particular persons; in that case a certificate from such a judicature, and such a general profession of the party's adopting the Confession of Faith, is still less satisfactory, and renders it highly necessary for the Pret>bytery to which application shall be made, to be more particular and exact in examining the principles of such a probationer, or minister, before they admit him, or em- ploy him in their bounds. The affair of psalmody being resumed, Dr. Finley and Mr. McDowell are appointed to draw up a minute relating to that afiair, before our next. An appeal from the judgment of Doncgall i'n!sl)ytery concerning the mode of setting elders apart to their oHice came under consideration, and the Synod ap- point the clerk to draw up a minute concerning it, to be laid before our Synod at their next meeting. Adjourned till throe of the clock, V. M. Concluded with prayer. At lliree o'clock, P. M. the Synod met. Uhi post preces sederunt qui siijira. The clerk according to appointment brought in the following minute, which was approved : Tiie Synod having heard the judgment of the Prcsliytery of J)oncgall, in April, 1701, conceruiug the mode of .setting elders apart to their office in ouo 1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 345 of the Presbyterian cliurclies in Carlisle, together with the reasons of the ap- peal to the Synod from said judgment, do, upon the whole, approve of the Presbytery's judgment, and also of their caution to prevent any bad conse- quences that might arise from a deviation from that mode which has been commonly used in this church, and which is highly proper on such occasions, although we wish that they had expressed their caution in stronger terms. We judge that the elders chosen at that time are clothed with sufficient autho- rity to act in the office of elders in the church, as they actually acquiesced in the election of the people, and in their appointment to the office ; and we judge that the consent of the persons to undertake the office should be neces- sarily obtained. And though it appears it was substantially obtained in the present case, yet we are of opinion that it had been more eligible, and more for the peace and edification of the church, if their public and explicit consent to undertake and execute that office had been taken in the face of the congre- gation. And we hope that the Presbytery will observe their own directions for the future. The account of money collected for the Indian school further deferred. The committee according to appointment brought in a minute respecting psalmody, which being read and amended, is as follows : After some consideration of the query concerning the use of Dr. Watts's imitation of the Psalms, the Synod judged it best, in present circumstances, only to declare that they look on the inspired Psalms in Scripture, to be pro- per matter to be sung in Divine worship, according to their original design and the practice of the Christian churches, yet will not forbid those to use the imitation of them whose judgment and inclination lead them to do so. Mr. Adam Boyd had leave to go home. A reference from the Presbytery of New Castle was brought into the Synod, requesting them to give their judgment, whether the Rev. Mr. John Rodgers should be removed to New York, agreeable to the call of that congregation. After hearing what the commissioners, both from St. George's and from New York, had to offer on that occasion, the Synod adjourned till nine o'clock to- morrow morning, and concluded with prayer. ISth of May. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. Messrs. William Tennent, senior, James Finley, Thomas Lewis, Nathan Kerr, and William Tennent, junior, beg leave to enter their dissent from the judgment of the Synod concerning the judgment of Donegall Presbytery with respect to the setting elders apart for their office. The affair of Mr. Rodgers's removal to New l^'ork was resumed, and before the Synod entered on the consideration thereof it was agreed unanimously, solemnly to call on God by prayer for light and direction to issue this im- portant affiiir. After the arguments for and against Mr. Rodgers's removal were heard fully, and with great attention, it was put to the vote, and carried by a great majority, that he shall be removed; and accordingly the Synod de- clare, that his relation to the congregation of St. George's is dissolved ; and they exhort that congregation to attend to the reasons and necessity hereof, and to behave as Christians under this dispensation. Dr. Finley and Mr. Harris have leave to go home. Adjourned till ten o'clock, A. M., on Monday next. Concluded with prayer. 20<^ of May, at ten o'clock, A. M. The Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. John Montgomery, Mr. Steel's elder, is now come. Having considered the collection of money for the Indian school, it was 44 346 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [ITi).'), agreed to defer the final settlement of that business until the committee, ap- pointed to converse with Messrs, Spencer and McWbortcr, bring in their report. At the request of the Rev. 3Ir. Rodgers, and of the congregation of St. George's, Mr. Spencer is appointed to supply that congregation four weeks before Mr. Kodgers removes from them. The committee for overtures introduced the following calls and supplica- tions, viz. a call for the llev. Mr. Spencer from Cathy's Settlement and Fourth Creek, which was presented to him; also a supplication for supplies from the inhabitants of North Carolina, living between the water.s of Yadkins and Ca- tabaw Rivers, and particularly for the removal of Mr. Spencer and Mr. McWhorter to settle among them ; and two other supplications from the con- gregations of Bethel and Poplar Tent, in 3Iecklenburg county, in the same coh)ny, for supplies; a supplication was also brought in from the united con- gregations of New Providence and the Six Mile Spring, in North Carolina, for supplies, and the countenance of the Synod for settling gospel ministers among them; another also, from Ilawfield and Little River, in the same colony, for supplies ; likewise a supplication for supplies from Long Lanes, in South Carolina. A call for the Rev. Mr. McWhorter from Hopewell and Centre congrega- tions, in North Carolina, was brought in by the committee of overtures, but the Synod apprehending that some other persons may be more conveniently sent to North Carolina, did not present the call to him. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o'clock, P. M., the Synod met. Ubi post pi-eces sederunt qui supra. In consequence of sundry supplications from North Carolina for supplies, the Synod appoint Messrs. Nathan Kerr, George Duffield, AV'illiam Ramsey, David Caldwell, James Latta, and Robert McMordie, to go there as soon as they can conveniently, and each of them to tarry half a year in these vacant congregations, as prudence may direct. And the moderator and clerk are or- dered to give proper certificates to the aforesaid gentlemen ; and the respective Presbyteries are to make provision for the pulpits of the settled ministers. The Presbytery of Suffolk are to supply Mr. Kerr's congregation four Sabbaths, of which Mr. Mills is to notify the Presbytery. A paper containing an appeal of the people of New Castle and Christine Bridge, from a judgment of the Presbytery of New Castle respecting a call to Mr. Magaw ; and a complaint against said Presbytery in that aftair, was brought in by the committee of overtures and read; and having heard the minutes of that Presbytery read, and what the commissioners had to ofier on that subject, adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer. 21 dai/ of May, the Synod met at nine o'clock. Post j^reces sederunt qui »upra. The affair of New Castle and Christine congregaticms resumed, and after mature deliberation it was agreed, that Messrs. Montgomery, Wilson, and Caldwell, be a committee to prepare an overture to be submitted to the judg- ment of the Syni)oint Messrs. Wilson, Hunter, and Kirkpat- rick, a committee to bring iu a judgment on the conduct of the committee at next sederunt. Adjourned till eight o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer. 24th of M(ii/, the Sj/nod met at eiyht, A. M. Post ])reces scdcntut (jui supra. The committee, according to appointment, brought in a minute, which being read and amended is as follows : The Synod having carefully examined the matter of Mr. Bay's appeal from the judgment of our committee appoiut^jd Ia«t year, iu conse({uence of an 1765.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 349 appeal from a judgment of New Castle Presbytery that met at Deer Creek, oa mature deliberation judge, that our committee have the merit of taking great pains to examine these difficult affairs, yet we cannot justify either the un- tender expressions relating to the Presbytery, or the severity of their judg- ment and censure of Mr. Bay. We rather approve of the judgment of the Presbytery, from which we judge there was no sufficient reason of an appeal. On the whole, considering the ferment of the people, the virulence of the pro- secutors, and the necessity of compromising the differences of the congrega- tions, we judge the Presbytery acted a very prudent and a Christian part, and that their exhortations were very salutary. This judgment being read and approved, it was overtured by a member, that inasmuch as sundry matters between Mr. Bay and the people of Deer Creek still stand open, that therefore these matters should be issued by the Presbytery of New Castle, notwithstanding Mr. Bay is set off as a member of Carlisle Presbytery; in which motion the Synod concurred, and accord- ingly ordered the Presbytery of New Castle to issue these matters as soon as they can conveniently. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three 6'cloch, P. M. the Synod viet. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee appointed to revise the Presbytery book of New Bruns- wick, brought it in and it was approved. The committee appointed for revis- ing Donegall book were prevented from revising it. The Presbytery book of the second Presbytery of Philadelphia was not put into the hands of the committee for revising it. There is no account from Dutchess county Presbytery, whether they have regularly formed themselves according to the order of the Synod. The committee appointed to meet with Messrs. Spencer and McWhorter, to settle with them the expense of their journey, and the losses they have sus- tained thereby in their affairs at home, make report, that they did meet ac- cordingly, and an account being laid before them, they are of opinion the money they have received of the Synod's collection and otherwise, which has Dot been expended on their journey, should be allowed them and divided be- tween them in proportion to the account of their expenses brought in and allowed. Mr. McWhorter returned to the Synod all the money of the Synod's collection allowed by the committee. The remaining collection in the hands of the Synod is to be disposed of according to their direction. The Kev. Messrs. Tate, Elder, Steel, Sampson Smith, McMordie, and Beard, brought in a paper signifying that it was a difficulty to acquiesce in the regulations of yesterday respecting the alteration made in the Presbytery of Donegall, because they apprehend that no relief of their grievances is thereby afforded; that their right as members was infringed in erecting a new Presby- tery out of the Donegall Presbytery, and annexing the remaining members to another Presbytery without consulting said Presbytery, or allowing them a vote in that affair ; and that that Presbytery, though respectable and of long standing, was thereby abolished. When they were fully heard, and some other expedients were by them suggested, the Synod proceeded to review the affair, and seriously attended to tlae considerations suggested, and do judge that those brethren were so interested in the affair that they had not a right to vote, though they ought to have been consulted previous to any determination about it. As the new Presbytery will have no connection with the affairs that gave rise to their animosity, and the connections of other brethren with the remaining members, may tend to allay those prejudices which may be risen 850 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G5 too hifrh to be otherwise worn off, the Synod cannot but hope, that their prit'vancrs will he found to be in a great nuasuro relieved. And whereas the Presbytery of New Castle is now greatly diminished, the Synod conclude that no sufficient reiu^ons are offered for altering their seiitiineuts as to substance, and therefore still agree, that the late nienibors of New Castle and Donegall Presbyteries to the eastward of Susquehanna, be united in one Presbytery, by the name of Lancaster Presltytery, and that they meet the 2r)th of May, at six o'chxk in the morning, at the first Presbyterian church in this city ; and that the ]*resbytery of Carlisle be continued. Messrs. ^IcDowell and Ewing dissent from the above judgment, and beg liberty to bring in their reasons, which was granted. The reasons follow : 1. Becau.se the request (tf these brethren was not only entirely and abso- lutely refused, but their condition is rendered worse, for the new model of the Presbyteries provides no relief for any of their grievances, but leaves the same causes of uneasiness unremoved, and subjects them to many new inconveni- ences. 2. When the petition was refused, and the Synod proceeded to new model the Presbyteries, these brethren had a right to consult and act with them in this matter; whereas they were manifestly denied and excluded from this right, by the Synod's making one and abolishing two Presbyteries without consulting them and granting them a vote. 3. Because the Synod has abolished Donegall Presbytery in particular, with- out allowing one member of it to vote in the cau.se, and that without any suffi- cient rea.son. This procedure is injurious to Donegall Presbytery, that has been long a respectable body, and has suffered in its peaceable character only by the addition of some new members; which character we are persuaded they would soon retrieve had their petition been granted. 4. We apprehend that this act of the Synod is contrary to the declared in- tention of this body at the union of the Synods, and a violation of an article of that solemn agreement, where it is expressly provided, that the Presbyteries subsisting before should be united only when it was for edification. Ordered, That Mr. Duffield produce such of the original papers of the late Donegall Presbyter}', to the committee to meet at Hanover, as relate to the affairs which are committed to their determination. The ati'air of the Indian school w;is resumed, and the Synod appointed ^Messrs. William Tennent, Brainerd, Montgomery, and Ewing, to consider and deter- mine how their money in Mr. Kwiiig's hands shall be divided, and to what purposes it shall be applied, and to give orders to Mr. Kwing to pay the same accordingly. The Rev. Mr. Jonathan Leavit, from New Hampshire in New England, pro- duced to the Synod certificates of his regular standing in the gospel ministry, and having ])rofessed his desire to join with this body, after adopting the West- minster Confession (tf Faith, as the confession of his faith, and having promised to conform himself to the Westminster Directory for worship and government, he was received as a member of the Synod, and was advised to put himself un- der the care of some one of our Presbyteries. Ordered, That a collection be made for propagating the gospel among the Indians, and for teaching their children ; and that the several Presbyteries tjike care it be made in all their congregations, as well in those that want as in those that have settled ministers; and that each Presbytery appoint some mem- ber to Itring in to next SyiKxi a particular account how every congregation iu their bounds has comj)lied with this onh-r. A petition from a number of elders and gentlemen met in Philadelj)hia, was brought in and read, which is ordered to he, kept in ritrntix, till it be further considered at our next Synod; and that the clerk transmit a copy of said paper 1766.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 351 to each of our Presbyteries, to enable them the better to consider and carry the things proposed into execution. Ordered, That Lewestown Presbytery supply Mr. Ramsey's congregation eight Sabbaths, Mr. James Finley and Mr. McKennan each one Sabbath, and the first Presbytery of Philadelphia the remainder of the time. That the Presbytery of New Brunswick supply Mr. Latta's pulpit sixteen Sabbaths, and the second Presbytery of Philadelphia the rest of the time. That the Presby- teries of Lancaster and Carlisle supply Mr. McMordie's pulpit and Mr. Duf- field's in their absence. The affair of the second Philadelphia Presbytery deferred. Ordered, That the moderator give Mr. Bay a certificate, as he intends to take a journey into New England. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at New York at three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 1766. New York, May 21s/, 1766. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment. IJ hi post preces sedenin t Ministers : The Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Azariah Horton, Timothy Jones, John Rodgers, Joseph Treat, Benjamin Halt, Jonathan Elmore, Benjamin Woodroff, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Samuel Parkhurst, Nathan Kerr, Simon Horton, Samuel Buel, Thomas Lewis, Benjamin Talmage, William Mills, David Rose, William Tennent, Charles Mc- Knight, Israel Reed, William Kirkpatrick, Enoch Grreen, Amos Thompson, Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, Charles Beatty, William Hampsey, Benjamin Chesnutt, John Clark, John Ewing, Patrick Allison, John Blair, Elihu Spen- cer, Robert Smith, John Carmichael, Jacob Tate, John Beard, John Miller, Matthew Wilson, Joseph Montgomery, Jacob Kerr, Alexander Huston, Andrew Bay, George Duffield, Elisha Kent, Samuel Sacket, John Smith, Eliphalet Ball, William Hanua. Elders : Messrs. Peter V. Livingston, Nathaniel Bell, Benjamin Bunnel, John Crane, Joseph Riggs, Robert Ogden, Jeffry Smith, David Harriot, Na- thaniel Scudder, Elias Bailey, James Allen, Thomas Jackson, John Maxwell, Joseph Crane, Joseph Lee, Jonathan Grrifl&n, Philip Edsal, and William Hum- phreys. Ministers absent : The Rev. Messrs. Nehemiah Greenman, John Griffiths, John Brainerd, Alexander McDowell, John Elder, Sampson Smith, James Finley, William McKennan, Robert McMordie, James Hunt, John Rowan, Charles Tennent, John Harris, Abner Reeve, John Moffet, John Maltby, Hugh Knox, Aaron Richards, Moses Tuttle, John Darby, Jacob Green, Francis Pep- pard, Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, Nehemiah Barker, James Brown, Thomas Paine, Ezra Reeve, Benjamin Goldsmith, Samson Occum, James Mc- Crea, Samuel Kennedy, John Hanna, Thomas Smith, John Guild, Job Pru- den, John Rosborough, Dr. Samuel Finley, John Strain, John Steel, Samuel Thompson, John Hogg, John Slemons, Robert Cooper, Robert Cross, Dr. Fran- cis Alison, John Simonton, James Latta, Samuel Dunlap, Solomon Mead. Ab- sent : The whole Presbytery of Hanover. The Presbytery of Duchess county being present, report, that they have complied with the stipulations of the Synod in the year 1763, and have adopted the Westminster Confession of Faith and Catechisms, together with the Directory for worship and discipline, according to the usage of this Synod as appears from their minutes, which were produced and read ; certain mem- 352 MI^'UTES OF THE SYNOD OF 176G. bers of said Presbytery being present, were allowed to take their seats ac- cordingly. The Synod was opened by the Kev. Mr. John Miller, our last year's modera- tor, with a sermon from Heb. xiii. 17. There not being time to choose a moderator and clerk this evening, the Synod agreed to defer the choice until to-mon'ow morning. Adjourut'd till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Thursday, lid of May, at nine o'clocl-, A. J/, the Synod met accord in r/ to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui sujjra. The Rev. Mr. Chancey Graham is now come. Mr. Spencer is chosen moderator for the ensuing year, who, after receiving the u.*ual charge from the last years moderator, took the chair. Messrs. Alex- ander MeWhorter and Benjamin Talmagc were chosen clerks. Messrs. Kobert Cross, C. J. Smith, and William Tenuent, jun'r. were de- sired to sit as correspondents. The reasons which Messrs. Buel, Talmage, Jones, Roe, Parkhurst, Brush, Elmore, Reed, and Horton, assigned for their absence from Synod last year, were sustained. Mr. Wheeler Case is now come, and his elder Frederick Horn. The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that the Rev. Mr. Daniel Law- rence died since our last, the 13th day of April, and further report, that they have ordained Mr. John Murray since our last Synod ; but that some charges since that were laid in against him respecting his moral character, which are not yet decided by the Presbytery. Upon the report being brought in, some difiiculties arose, whether Mr. Murray should be enrolled or not. The Synod voted that the report of the Presbytery should be received, and proceed no further in the aifair the present sedeJM7it. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The consideration of the report of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, re- specting Mr. Murray, deferred to the next sederunt. New York IVesbytery report that they have received Mr. Jedediah Chap- man, a candidate for the work of the ministry. Suffolk Presbytery report, that they ordained Mr. David Rose to the work of the ministry. Lancaster Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. Samuel Blair. New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. David Caldwell. A motion being made that the minutes of the Synod's proceedings may be, by the clerk copied, and sent to each Presbytery yearly, is deferred to further consideration. It i.x reported by a menjbcr of this body, that the Rev. Mr. Alexander Craig- head departed this life some time in March, 17('>0. The .'^ocond I'resbytery of Philaurpose at ]*rineeton on the third Wednesday of August next, and that Mr. Kirkpatrick lay the minutes of the proceedings of the several committees appointed on that business, before us at our meeting next spring. The Synod appoint for a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, 15uel, Azariah Ilorton, Jones, William Teiment, Reed, Kirkpatrick, Boatty, Kwing, Spencer, lilair, Roan, Robert Smith, Miller, and Montgomery, with the moderator; and elders, Messrs. Thomas Jackson, Richard Walker, Dr. Williamson, and John Smith, thirteen of whom to be a quorum ; but if the moderator die or be absent, the first on the roll mentioned in the minute, shall have power to call the commission and preside. The order of last Synod for transcribing the minutes of Synod since the union, and sending them to the respective Presbyteries, was not complied with, on account of some difiiculties that came in the way. And the Synod now order, that the stated clerk give copies of the said minutes to such Presbyteries as shall make application for them, and recommend it to the several Presby- teries, each to take care to furnish themselves with said copies. Ordered, That Mr. Brainerd receive for the current year, the interest of the fund for Indian affairs, in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey college. The aifair of Mr, Rowan's appeal deferred. The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have deposed Mr. John Murray since our last. Adjourned to three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 21 dayj three dcloch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The members of Donegall Presbytery here present, report, that they com- plied with the order of Synod, for restoring that Presbytery into its former state, but that the dissatisfied brethren, viz. Messrs. Steel, Tate, Thompson, Sampson Smith, McMurdie, Elder, and Beard, refused to meet with them, though duly notified ; and that they have been informed, that said dissatisfied brethren have proceeded to form themselves into a separate body, aud have acted in a Presbyterial capacity every since. A letter was brought into the Synod, directed to the moderator, signed by the Rev. Messrs. John Elder, and John Steel, as moderator and clerk of a Presbytery which they call the Presbytery of Donegall, representing that they liad been fijrccd by sundry petitions to apply to Synod to be erected into two Presbyteries, which petitions not having had desired success, they were laid under the di.sagrecble necessity of entering a declinature from the jurisdiction of the Synod ; and declaring withal their readiness to return into communion with the Synod, j)rovided they might be erected by them into a separate Pres- bytery ; which letter was read, and ordered to lie on the table for a second reading. From all which the Synod observe that the brethren of Donegall Presbytery, who petitioned for being erected into a separate I'resbytery, in the year 17()5, adopt the declinature entered last year, by Messrs. IJcard and Tate, and consequently must not now be considered as members f>f this body. The committee appointed to meet at Huntingdon rej)ort, that they complied witli the order of Synod, and issued the affair to the satisfaction of the parties concerned. Dr. Williamson informs the Synod that the address to his Majesty was 1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 367 presented by Mr. De Berdt, and graciously received. And the Synod desire Dr. Williamson to present tlieir'thanks to Mr. De Berdt for his kind services in that affair. The Synod also order the moderator to give Dr. Williamson their thanks for his services in the care of the same address. Ordered, That each Presbytery bring in to-morrow morning an account how their several members have complied with the order of last Synod for taking subscriptions, and making collections in their respective congregations, and the vacancies in their bounds, to raise a fund for the propagation and support of the gospel in such places as cannot otherwise enjoy it. Ordered, That Messrs. Ewing and Treat be called upon to give an account of the moneys they have received in consequence of an order of last Synod for con- gregations that had not collected the year before, to make collections for the support of the Indian school under Mr. Brainerd's care. New York Presbytery report, that Mr. Nathan Kerr gave a negative answer to the calls from Carolina, put into his hands by order of Synod. Messrs. Lewis and Caldwell complied with the order of Synod in going to the southward ; and Messrs. Bay and Chesnutt gave reasons for not going, which were sustained. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 22d dai/, nine o'clocic, A. M. The Synod met according to' adjournment. Uhi post ]y'>'^c^s sederunt qui supra. Mr. Samuel Kennedy is now come, and he is ordered to give at next sederunt^ the reasons of his absence from our Synodical meetings since the year 1762. His elder, John Carl, is also come. The letter signed by Messrs. Elder and Steel, was oraered to be read a second time, and the Synod agree to enter upon the consideration of it; and after much time spent in reasoning on the subject, the Synod find they cannot admit said brethren in the manner they have requested ; but, as we would gladly take every step we can, consistent with a good conscience and the interests of reli- gion, to remove the uneasiness of our brethren, and promote harmony and peace ; we appoint Messrs. Buel, Rodgers, Horton, Kirkpatrick, Beatty, Ewing, Blair, and Miller, a committee to bring in an overture to-morrrow morning relative to the aforesaid petition. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three d clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra, Mr. Eliphalet Ball is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner sus- tained. Also, William Norcross, Mr. Kirkpatrick's elder, is now come. Mr. Kennedy gave the reasons of his absence from Synod for five years past, which were sustained. In consequence of an order of yesterday, each Presbytery brought in an ac- count how their respective members complied with the order of last Synod for making a collection to establish a fund for the propagation of the gospel among the poor, &c. And the Synod are obliged to declare that it is matter of real grief to them to find that so many of their members have paid so little regard to the authority of Synod, enjoining a liberality for so pious and important a purpose. The account of moneys collected for the purpose aforesaid, and the persons by whom, is as follows : 868 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767. Of Suffolk Presbytery. Mr. Wliite, . . . York currency, £1 10 0 Mr. Rose, 19 0 Mr. Brown, 5 0 0 Mr. Barker, 1 10 0 Mr. Close, 5 0 0 Mr. Mills, 4 2 0 Total, . . . 18 11 0 Equal to Pennsylvania currency, . . £17 12 7 J Of New York Presbytery. ]\Ir. Rodgers, £42 9 2 Y^k. currency. Mr. Richards, 1 G 2J Mr. Peppard, ... . 100 44 15 4* Equal to £41 4 2 Pennsyl. cur. Of New Brunswick Presbytery. Mr. Reed, £1 10 0 Mr. Hanna, 10 0 Mr. Kirkpatrick, 2 17 1 Mr. Rosborough, 10 0 £6 7 1 Pro. cur. Of Philadelphia First Presbytery. Mr. Hunter, £3 7 10 Mr. Beatty, 3 17 5 Mr. Richard Treat, .... 2 10 9 Mr. Ramsey, 3 4 0 Mr. Clark, 1 IG 6 Philadelphia Second Congregation, . . 13 11 11} Total, . . .£28 8 5} Of Philadelphia Second Presbytery. Mr. Ewing, £12 0 0 Of New Castle Presbytery. Mr. Blair, Mr. McCarman, Of Donegall Presbytery. Mr. Robert Smith, .... Of Lcwestown Presbytery ^Ir. Montgomery, An unknown Laud, .... Amounting in the whole to, . . £112 1 3 Pro. cur. The account of moneys received by Messrs. Ewing and Joseph Treat, deferred till next sederunt. £0 IG . 1 12 7 4 £2 8 11 £2 10 0 ' £1 0 0 10 0 0 1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 869 Mr. Eiehard Treat reports, that he paid into the hands of Mr. Brainerd the sum of twenty-one pounds, sixteen shillings and one penny, -which appears to be the sum put into the hands of Mr. Treat, jun'r. last year, for the support of the Indian school under Mr. Brainerd's care. Adjourned to nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 2od day, nine dcloch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Lit post preces sederunt qui sujpra. Mr. William Tennent is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner sus- tained. Mr. Elias Bailey, Mr. Mills's elder, is also come. Ordered, That Mr. Ewing pay to Mr. Brainerd the sum of two pounds eighteen shillings, which he reports is the whole he has received for the Indian school ; and it is also ordered, that Mr. Joseph Treat pay to Mr. Brainerd the •whole of the money he has in his hands at the disposal of the Synod. The committee appointed to bring in an overture this morning, relative to the petition of Messrs. Elder, Steel, &c. report that they have not had time to complete it, and pray that they may have till next Monday morning for that purpose. The affair of Mr. Brainerd's school deferred. The Synod order, that every Presbytery belonging to this body, be careful that those ministers in their bounds, who have not made a collection for pious uses, as it wasr appointed last year, make a collection before the first of August ; and that it be put into the hands of the moderator of the respective Presbyte- ries, and sent without delay to the treasurer appointed by the Synod. But we desire that such ministers, whose reasons for not complying with the Synodical order, have been sustained, be ui-ged no further at this time. Thomas Tobin, Mr. Spencer's elder, is now come. An overture from the Presbytery of New York, relative to collections and subscriptions for pious purposes, was brought in and read. The Synod appoint Dr. Alison, and Messrs. Duffield and Williamson, to correct the overture, and prepare an introduction to said plan, to be submitted to the Synod at their next sederunt. Mr. Brush did not fulfil his appointments, either to the vacancies in the neighbourhood of ^Ir. Brainerd's congregation, or to Neshaminy, but not being present the Synod could not inquire into the reasons of it. Messrs. Miller's and Kirkpatrick's reasons for not going to Virginia, sus- tained. The appointments of last Synod, for supplies to the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia, fulfilled. Messrs. Beatty and Duffield complied with the order of last Synod, in going on a mission to the frontiers. Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M., on Monday next. Concluded with prayer. 25^A day, nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Chauncey Graham is now come, and the reasons of not coming sooner, sustained. The committee appointed to bring in an overture, relative to the letter sent from Messrs. Elder and Steel, have not yet brought it in. The affair of Mr. Brainerd's school further deferred. The committee appointed to correct the overture from New York Presbytery, 47 370 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1707. relative to a collection for pious purposes, and to prepare an introduction to the same, broun(]s they shall remove. Ami that the Pres- bytery of Carlisle shall be revived, to which Messrs. lloan, Thompson, and Lanjr, shall belong. And after nmeh reasoning, whether the Synod should adopt the overture or not, the further consideration of it was deferred to the afternoon. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Huston had leave to go home. The consideration of the overture respecting the dissatisfied Donegall breth- ren, resumed, and after all the members that desired to speak, had been fully heard, and the matter maturely considered, it was put to vote, whether the overture should be admitted or not, and it was carried in the negative by a con- siderable majority. In the mean time, though the Synod cannot grant the request of said breth- ren, to be formed into a distinct Presbytery, yet we declare, that upon their avoiding divisive and hostile measures, and acting in a peaceable and Christian manner, we shall stand ready to hear any reasonable proposal for their return- ing into membership with us. The committee appointed to inspect some papers in the hands of the corpo- ration for the widows' fund, brought in their report, which is as follows, viz : That agreeable to an act of the General Assembly of the Church of Scot- land, passed in the year , the money raised by collections in the several congregations of that church, shall be disposed of by the charitable corporation in conjunction with a committee of the united Synod of New York and Phila- delphia, for the support and relief of such ministers as are, or may hereafter be called to preach the everlasting gospel among the benighted Indians, or to such congregations as cannot afford them sufficient maintenance, and that the com; mittee cannot a.scertain the sum. The Synod appoint the .same committee, with the addition of Messrs. Spencer and McWhortcr, to wait on the corporation aforesaid, to-morrow morning at nine o'clock, in order to have the aforesaid sum ascertained, and the power of the committee in disposing of it, and all other matters relating to it. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 2,7th day, nine o\loch, A. M., the Si/nod met according to adjourninier.t- Post ^)r^vrs sederunt qui supra. The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con- necticut further deferred. Having gone through the ])usiness upon our minutes, ordered, to proceed to consider those matters brought in by the coniniittee of overtures. A supplication was brought in from Albany, respecting some difficulties in the congregation in that city, which was read; and upon finding that the mat- ter had not been laid before the Presbytery, we refer it to them, and onler them to meet and consider it as soon us po.ssible. IJut as it is represented to the Synod, that there are many vacancies in the neighbourhood of Albany, where, it is probable, sundry important congrega- tions may be formed, we do appoint the Kev. Mr. Kennedy as a missionary through those parts, and that he take as ])articular account as he can of fiie state of that country, and lay it before our next Synod; and that he supply aLw some time at the direction of Dutchess I'rcsbytcry, if it may be convenient, 1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 373 and that New York Presbytery supply Mr. Kennedy's pulpit seven Sabbaths in his absence. An appeal was brought in by Mr. John Lawrence, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Dutchess respecting Mr. Ball, and the said Mr. Lawrence re- quested that the Synod would appoint a committee to meet at Bedford to hear his appeal, as he could not prosecute it at this distance. In order that the Synod might be able to judge whether the matter com- plained of to the Presbytery, from which the appeal was brought, is an object of sufficient importance to induce the Synod to send a committee there, agree- ably to the prayer of the appellant, it was agreed that Mr. Lawrence should lay before the Synod his complaint, and that Mr. Ball should be heard in what he had to say by way of defence ; and that the Presbytery of Dutchess should give all the light they could in the alfair, by producing the minutes of their Presby- tery on that head, &c. And after hearing all that the several parties had to offer, the Synod judge, that it is by no means worthy of so much notice as to appoint a committee to go there to determine it; because if there were evidences present to prove all the matters alleged against Mr. Ball by Mr. Lawrence, yet they are of so trivial a nature, that they could not be the foundation of any judicial censure, and con- sequently that the conduct of Mr. Lawrence and others in the society, in ab- senting themselves from public worship, on so slender a foundation, can by no means be justified. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'doch, P. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post jpreces sederunt qui supra. (Except Mr. Slemmons, who we are informed has gone home, though liberty for that purpose was denied him when he asked it.) The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con- necticut further deferred. An appeal from a judgment of the Presbytery of Suffolk, respecting Mr. Mills's removal from Jamaica on Long Island to the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia, was brought in and read. After reading of which, a supplication from the second Presbyterian church, in Philadelphia prosecuting the appeal, and urging Mr. Mills's removal; like- wise a long remonstrance from the congregation of Jamaica, together with au address from the Presbytery of Suffolk, and a letter from the Rev. Mr. Prime, remonstrating against Mr. Mills's removal, were brought in and read. The Synod then proceeded fully to hear what the respective commissioners and the Presbytery of Suffolk had further to say, for and against Mr. Mills's removal, and having heard Mr. Mills himself on the affair, the Synod not hav- ing time now to issue it, refer the further consideration of it till to-morrow morning. Adjourned to nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 28^A day, nine o'clock, A. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The consideration of Mr. Mills's removal resumed. The Synod having carefully considei-ed all the arguments that were offered against Mr. MiUs's removal from Jamaica, together with the arguments on the other hand, for bringing him to this city, having also heard Mr. Mills's own judgment on this subject, that he esteems it his duty to remain in Jamaica; upon the whole, the Synod do confii-m the judgment of the Presbytery of Suffolk on that head, 374 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1767. being fully of opinion tbut it will not be for the edification of the church to remove him. The consideration of the correspondence with the associate churches of Con- necticut resumed. The minutes of a convention held at Elizabcthtown, the fifth of November last, by delegates from the consociated churches in Connecticut and from tliis Synod, were read, and a plan of union proposed between the Congregational, consociated and Presbyterian churches formed at that convention, was seriously considered and amended ; and the following gentlemen, with any other minis- ters of this reverend body that please to attend, are ai)pointcd to meet with the delegates or commissioners from the Congregational and consociated or any Presbyterial bodies, at New Haven the tenth day of next Septem- ber, and there finally, on the part of this body, to complete the plan of union, and transact all other business that shall be found necessary in consequence thereof. The gentlemen appointed are the Rev. Messrs. Lewis, Buel, Mills, Mc- "Whorter, Kodgers, Ilait, Kirkpatrick, Heed, Ramsey, Reatty, Th. Alison, Ewing, Blair, Spencer, Wilson, Miller, Dufiield, Robert Smith, Graham, and Rail. Mr. Ro.sborough and his elder, John Maxwell, had leave to go home. The committee appointed to examine Philadelphia Presbytery book brought it in, and after a few remarks it was approved. Ordered, That Dr. Williamson get the address and representation of the ruling elders and others, of the Presbyterian denomination in Philadelphia, as corrected and approved by this Synod, printed. That the clerk furnish him with a copy for that purpose. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 3 o'chcJc, P. M., the Si/nod met according to adjoui'nment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The consideration of the correspondence with foreign churches further de- ferred. Application was made by the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia for supplies, and especially for settled ministers. The following congregations in North Carolina, viz : Sugar Creek, Fishing Creek, liethel, the Jersey settlement. Centre Congregation, Poplar Tent, and Rocky River, united in a petition for one or more, of the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, Lewis, McWhorter, and James Caldwell, to be sent there, promising for their encouragement that the sum of eighty pounds be paid by any of these con- gregations in which he shall choose to spend half of his time, and another eighty pounds by the vacant congregations he shall supply j this petition being read, the several gctntlemen mi'iitioned in it were interrogated whether they would comply with this request, to which each of them returned a negative answer. Petitions for supplies were likewi.sc brought in and read from Orange and Culpepper counties, and the soutli branch of Potomac in Virginia; and from the Jjong Canes, Cathy's Settlement, Jndian Creek, and Duncan's Creek, iu North Carolina. Motions for supplies were also made in behalf of ^Villiamsburg and places adjacent, Hanover, and Cub Creek, in Virginia; Newhern, JOdenton, Fourth ('reek, Uj)per Ilico, Haw River, Goshen in the forks of Catawba, the south fork of (jatawba, the forks of Yadkin, and Salisbury, in North Carolina; Ijittic River in South Carolina; and Rriar Creek in Georgia. The committee ai)2Hjinted to examine Donegall Presbytery book, brought it 1 1767.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 875 iu, and informed the Synod that it did not contain the minutes of that Presby- tery since last Synod, when it was restored to its former state, and queried whether they should go any further back in examination of it, to which the Synod gave an answer in the negative, and therefore it was returned without any remarks. The committee appointed to wait on the corporation for the widows' fund, report, that they have not yet received their answer. In compliance with the request from Albany, the Synod appoint Mr. Rod- gers to take a journey to Albany and the places adjacent, as soon as he con- veniently can, and supply in that country where he may judge most necessary, at least six Sabbaths, and that Suffolk Presbytery supply Mr. Ptodgers's pulpit three Sabbaths, and New York Presbytery the remaining Sabbaths in his absence. In order to answer the earnest and pressing supplications from Virginia, (krolina, &c. the Synod appoint IMessrs. Bay, Potter, McCrery, Alexander, Latta, jun'r. Anderson, and Jackson, to take a journey as soon as the circum- stances of their affairs will admit, through Virginia, the Carolinas, (and Georgia if they can,) and that each tarry half a year, and as much longer as he shall think proper. And it is recommended to Mr. Bay to visit the South Branch of Potomac iu going out, and Wilmington, Newbern, Edenton, and Williamsburg, and the places along the sea shore in his return. And that Mr. Jacob Kerr pay a visit to Williamsburg, and tarry there at discretion. And it is ordered, that proper testimonials be given to these gentlemen for their journey, signed by the moderator and clerk, together with a list of the vacancies that have now supplicated for suppliess The Synod took into consideration supplies for the second Presbyterian congregation in Philadelphia, and appoint as follows, viz : That Mr. Kirkpatrick supply there the fii'st Sabbath of June, Mr. Rodgers the second, Mr. Ramsey the third, Mr. Treat, jun'r. the fourth and fii'st of Jul}', Mr. Richard Treat the second, Mr. Duffield the third and fourth; Mr. Robert Smith the first Sabbath of August, Mr. Richard Treat the second, Mr. Spencer the third and fourth, IMr. Finley the fifth; Mr. Richard Treat the first Sabbath of September, Mr. Horton the second and third, Mr. Blair the fourth; Mr. Roe the first and second Sabbaths of October, Mr. McWhorter the third and fourth ; Mr. Latta the first Sabbath of November, Mr. Hunter the second and third, Mr. Richard Treat the fourth, Mr. Close the fifth and first of December, Mr. Woodruff the second and third, Mr. Richard Treat the fourth, Mr. Forster the fifth and first of February, Mr. Montgomery the second and third, Mr. Miller the fourth; Mr. R. Treat the first Sabbath of March, Mr. Robert Smith the second, Mr. Hunter the third, Mr. Ramsey the fourth ; Mr. Hait the first and second Sabbaths of April, Mr. Blair the third and fourth ; Mr. Treat the first Sabbath of May, and Mr. Chesnutt the second. Adjourned to eight o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 29^^ day, eight o'clock, A. 31., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post 2^}'eces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, That Messrs. Blair and Finley review the Donegall Presbytery book before our next Synod, and for that purpose order, that it be put into their hands at least a month before the Synod. Messrs. Beatty and Dufiield's mission among the Indians and frontiers, came under consideration. And they report that they performed their mis- sion to the frontiers and among the Indians. That they found on the fron- 376 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17CT. tiers numbers of people earnestly desirous of forming themselves into con- gregations, and declaring their •willingness to exert their utmost in order to have the gospel among them, but in circumstances exceedingly distressing and necessitous from the late calamities of the war in these parts. And also, that they visited the Indians at the chief town of the Delaware Nation, on the Muskingum, about one hundred and thirty miles beyond Fort Pitt, and were received much more cheerfully than they could have expected. That a con- siderable number of them waited on the preaching of the gospel with peculiar attention, many of them appearing solemnly concerned about the great matters of religion, that they expressed an earnest desire of having further opportuni- ties of hearing those things; that they informed them, that several other tribes of Indians around them were ready to join with them in receiving the gospel, and earnestly desiring an opportunity. Upon the whole, that there does ap- pear a very agreeable prospect of a door opening for the gospel being spread among those poor benighted savage tribes. The Synod appoint the Rev. Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper to pay a visit to our frontier settlements and the Indians on Muskingum and other places, and tarry with them at least three months this summer, provided the report brought back by the Indian interpreter, Joseph, from them and delivered to the liev. Dr. Alison, and Messrs. Treat, Beatty, and Ewing, proves encour- aging, which gentlemen are hereby appointed a committee to receive and judge of said report. Ordered also, That Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper take no money from the frontier settlements for their ministerial labours among them. Ordered, That Mr. McKnight supply Mr. Braincrd's place among the Indians, and at Mount Holly the second, third, and fourth Sabbaths of July, and that Mr. William Tennent serve Mr. McKnight with a copy of this minute. Ordered, That the Lewestown Presbytery send a supply to p]gg Harbour and the vacancies in those parts, five Sabbaths in the month of August and one in the month of September. And that Mr. Alexander supply in these parts the three last Sabbaths of September. And the Synod do agree to pay out of the fund in their hands, raised for pious uses, to the young men sent by Lewestown Presbytery, and to Mr. Alex- ander for their labours in those parts, at the usual rates for supplies. The consideration of the correspondence with foreign churches resumed j and the committee appointed at our last Synod for that purpose, report, that for some prudential reasons they did not comply with the order. The Synod do, therefore, a])point the Ilev. Dr. Ali.son, ^^lessrs. Treat, llodgers, Ewing, Treat, junior, Beatty, McWhorter, and ])r. Williamson, to be a committee for the said purpose, and that they be punctual in preparing letters to the foreign churches, to be laid before our next Synod. An overture was made by Mr. Robert Smith, that he might be set off from Douegall J'resbytery, and have leave to join New Castle, as it is much more convenient, which was granted. The Synod do appoint the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, ^McWhorter, Kirkpatrick, Ramsey, and Montgomery, to be a committee to wait further on the corpora- tion for the widows' fund, and get an answer to the queries proposed, and tran.suct all aft'airs with said corporation for the present year, and that the com- mittee make a full report of the whole to the Synod next year. Ordcrt'd, Tiiat Mr. Treat pay out of the fund for pious uses, the printer for two hundred and fifty copies of the ruling elders' plan. The R< V. .Mr. Roan drops his aj)j)eal from a judgment of a committee of the Synod, appointed at llauover, two years ago, provided that it sliall not be uoderstood that he acquiesces in said judgment. 1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 377 Ordered, That the stated clerk of Synod give Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper proper certificates for their journey. Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, to meet at the fii'st Presby- terian Church in Philadelphia, at ten o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1768. Philadelphia, the 18<7i day of May, 1768. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met at the first Presbyterian Church, according to adjournment. Of Dutchess : Rev. Messrs. Wheeler Chase, Thomas Lewis. Of New York : Rev. Messrs. Azariah Horton, Aaron Richards, John Rod- gers, Benjamin WoodruiF, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, James Cald- well, Azel Roe, Joseph Treat, Nathan Kerr, Francis Peppard, Jedediah Chapman. Of New Brunswick : Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, Israel Reed, Thomas Smith, John Rosborough, William Kirkpatrick, John Blair. Of Philadelphia fii'st Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, William Ramsey. Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : Rev. Messrs. John Ewing, Patrick Alison. Of New Castle : Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell, Elihu Spencer, Robert Smith, William McKennan, John Carmichael. Of Lewestown : Rev. Messrs. John Millar, Matthew Wilson, Joseph Mont- gomery. Of Donegall : Rev. Messrs. John Roan, John Hogg, James Hunt, John Strain, John Slemmons, Robert Cooper, Amos Thomson. Elders : John Moore, Nathaniel McKinley, Dr. Burnet, Dr. Bloomfield, Bethuel Pierson, Aaron Mattison, Jacob Reeder, Philip Wynkoop, Joseph Fithian, Dr. Williamson, Dr. Lyon, Manasseh Logue, John Whitehill, Samuel Culbertson, John Voorhees, James Ramsey, Isaiah Potter. Absent, Dutchess County Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Smith, Elisha Kent, Eliphalet Ball, Solomon Mead, James Peck, Samuel Dunlop. Suffolk Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Ebenezer Prime, Silvanus White, Samuel Buel, James Brown, Nehemiah Barker, Benjamin Tallmage, Benjamin Gould- smith, David Rose, William Mills, John Close, Elam Potter, Samson Oc- cum. New Brunswick Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. James McCrea, John Guild, Charles McKnight, Samuel Kennedy, Amos Thomson, Job Prudden, James Lyon, John Hanna. New York Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Simon Horton, Abner Reeve, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin Hait, Jacob Green, James Tuttle, Hugh Knox, John Malby, Moses Tuttle, John MoflFat. First Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Charles Beatty, John Brainerd, Nehemiah Grcenman. Second Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, James Latta. Lewes Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Charles Tennent, Jacob Kerr, Alexander Huston, John Harris. Donegall Presbytery: Rev. Messrs. Adam Boyd, Andrew Bay, James Finley. All Hanover Presbytery absent. 48 878 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G8. The Rev. Mr. Hunter, last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from Gal. i. 8. The llev. 3Ir. Blair was olioson moderator for the ensuing year; who, after receiving the usual charge from the last year's moderator, took the chair. And Messrs. Montgomery and Kamsey were chosen clerks. The reasons offered by Messrs. Joseph Treat, Abner Brush, Nathan Kerr, John Carmichacl, Thomas Smith, Amos Thomson, for non-attendance last year, are sustained; and John Hogg's absence for this several years past, ex- cused. Mr. Chauncey Graham is now come, and his elder, Mr. Potter. The Kev. John Clark is also come. New York Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach the gospel since our last, Alexander -Miller ; and that Mr. Samuel Parkhurst was removed by death, the 11th of March, 17G8. Suffolk Presbytery report, that they have licensed William Woodhull to preach the gospel. New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the ministry, Mr. Jeremiah Halsey. Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs Tho- mas Heed and John King ; and that Mr. James Latta, a licensed candidate, who was sent by the Synod to the southern parts, informs them by letter, that he is joined with the Presbytery in South Carolina. New Castle Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. Joseph Smith to preach the gospel. Dutchess County Presbytery report, that Mr. Samuel Sacket has declined their jurisdiction, and that they have suspended from the work of the ministry Mr. William Ilanah. The Lewes Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the ministry, Mr. Thomas McCrakin, who, being present, took his seat; and that they have licensed to preach the gospel, Messrs. James Watt, Samuel Eakin, and John Bacon. Donegall Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the work of the ministry, Mr. John Craighead, who, being present, took his seat; and that they have licensed Hezekiah James Balch to preach the gospel : and a mem- ber reports, that the llev. Mr. llobcrt Henry departed this life the 8th of May, 1707. The Synod appoint, for a committee of overtures, iNIessrs. Lewis Woodruff, Thomas Smith, Hunter, Patrick Alison, llobert Smith, Hunt, Miller, Case, Elders, Dr. Bloomfield, Dr. Burnet, John Voorhoes, and Dr. liyou, to meet to- morrow morning, at six o'clock, in this place, and by adjourumcut from time to time, as occasion may require, during the session. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine of the clock. Concluded with prayer. 19^/t, at nine o'cloch, A. M. The Synod met according to adjuurnmcnt. Post prcces sederunt qui supra. The Kev. Messrs. Green, Simonton, Griffith, are now come, and their reasons for non-attendance yesterday, sustained. The llev. Messrs. Jones, Halsey, and Chesnutt, are also now come, and IMr. Jones' elder, Col. Jacob Ford ; their reasons for not attending yesterday, sus- tained. The Rev. Mr. Duffield is now come, and his reasons for non-attendance yes- terday, sustained ; his elder, John McRridc, is also come. Mt!-.srs. Treat and Caldwell are appointtjd a committee to examine New Bruns- wick I'reabytcry book. 1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 379 Messrs. Reed and Roan are appointed a committee to examine the first Phi. ladelphia Presbytery book. Messrs. Rodgers and Wilson are appointed a committee to examine Donegall Presbytery book. Messrs. Kii'kpatrick and Ewing are appointed a committee to examine Nev York Presbytery book. Messrs. Duifield and Cooper are appointed a committee to examine Lewes- town Presbytery book. Messrs. Robert Smith and Spencer are appointed a committee to examine Dutchess County Presbytery book. The Presbytery books of Suffolk, New Castle, Hanover, and the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, are not present. The report of the committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey College, belonging to the Synod for the educa- tion of poor and pious youth, deferred. And the Synod appoint for a commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Lewis, Mills, Azariah Horton, Jones, William Tennent, Reed, Kirkpatrick, Hunter, Ewing, Spencer, Roan, Robert Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Duifield, Graham, Case, with the moderator; and elders Col. Ford, Dr. Williamson, Dr. Bloomfield, Dr. Burnet, Dr. Lyon, and Mr.' Voorhees. Thirteen of whom to be a quorum ; but if the moderator die, or is absent, the first mentioned on the roll in the minutes, shall have power to call the commission and preside. Mr. Brush's reasons for not fulfilling his appointments to Mr. Brainerd's congregation, and Neshaminy, as ordered in the year 1766, are sustained. Mr. Kennedy did not fulfil his appointment in going to Albany, on the ac- count of sickness in his family, and other reasons satisfactory to the Synod. Mr. Slemmons, who went home last year without obtaining leave, is ex- cused. Mr. Rodgers complied with his appointment to Albany. The Presbytery of New York fulfilled their appointment in supplying the New York congregation in Mr. Rodgers' absence. The only members of Suffolk Presbytery that could safely go to New York, agreed to supply there ; but some of them were disappointed. All the appointments to the southward were complied with, except by Mr. Anderson, who is not present ; and by Mr. Bay, who, not being here, it is not known whether he complied or not. All the members appointed to supply Philadelphia second congregation com- plied, except Mr. Roe, Mr. Miller, Mr. Montgomery, Mr. Chesnutt, whose reasons for not complying are sustained. The Donegall Presbytery book not being sent, on the account of Mr. Blair's removal, the committee did not review it. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock^ P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Dr. Alison is now come, and his elder, Charles Thomson. The Doctor's reasons for non-attendance sooner, sustained. Mr. Bay is now come, and his reasons for not attending sooner, are sustained. The committee appointed to dispose of the interest of the money in the hands of the treasurer of the College of New Jersey, for the support of poor and pious youth at said college, report, that there will remain on hands, of the interest of the fund aforesaid, not disposed of, against the first of October next, the sum of fifty two pounds proclamation money of New Jersey. And the 380 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768. Synod appoint as a committee for disposing of said money for the present year, the Kev. Messrs. William Teunent, Guild, Brainerd, Kirkpatrick, Ewing, Blair, Caldwell, and Reed, to meet for that purpose at Princeton, on the third Wednesday of August next. Mr. Brainerd is now come, and the reasons of his not coming sooner, sus- tained. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 20t7i day, nine o'cIocJc. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post jveces sederunt qui supra. The Rev. Mr. James Finley is now come, and his elder, Mr. Robert Macky. Mr. Finley is excused for not attending sooner. The Synod proceeded to consider the aifair of the Indian school under the inspection of the Rev. Mr. Brainerd ; and it appears from Mr. Brainerd's re- port, that there is still a school existing among the Indians under his care ; and the Synod do agree to continue to support said school, and do appoint the usual salary of thirty pounds to be paid to iMr. Brainerd for the ensuing year ; and do order the clerk of the Synod to give an order for that sum on the Synodical treasurer. It is further agreed to allow Mr. Brainerd the sum of twenty pounds as an addition to his salary, for his extensive services and labour in those uncultivated parts j and that the clerk also give an order to Mr. Brainerd on the Synodical treasurer for this purpose. The Synod do also order Mr. Brainerd to receive for the current year the sum of eighteen pounds, being the interest of the money in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey College, appointed to support an Indian mission. Messrs. Brainerd and Cooper report, that they did not execute their mission among the Indians on the Muskingum, and other parts, as ordered at last Synod, by reason of the discouraging accounts brought in by the interjtreter, Joseph, sent out as mentioned in our last year's minutes, and other discour- aging circumstances. And as it appears that IMr. ]3rainerd had occasion to be at the expense of sending an Indian to prepare the way for his intended mis- sion, therefore the Synod do agree to pay the sura of live pounds to discharge said expense. Ordered, that the Synodical trca.surer pay said sum. The Synod taking under consideration the deplorable condition of the Indian tribes, the natives of this land, who sit in heathenish darkness, and are perish- ing for lack of knowledge, do appoint the following persons to be a connnittee to draw up and concert a general plan, to be laid before this Synod at their next meeting, to be approved by them in order to ])repare the way to propagate the gospel among these benighted people, viz. Br. Alison, Messrs. Read, Treat, Ewing, William Tennent, Rogers, Brainerd, McWhorter, Caldwell, Dr. Wil- liamson, Charles Thomson, and the moderator, to meet at Elizabethtowii, the first Wednesday of October next. The Synod proceeded to consider how far each Presbytery had complied with the order of last Synod, in respect of the plan laid by some lay elders some time ago and adopted by this Synod ; and a satisfactory account not being given, the Synod do appoint that each IVesbytery do order one of their mem- bers to bring in a particular account in writing how far each congregation in their bounds have compli(;d with said regulations, agaiust the next Synod. Adjourned to three o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Three ocloric, P. M. The Synod viet according to adjournment. Post jirexes sederunt qui supra. The members of this Synod, appointed to meet the convention at New Ha- ven last year, report, that many of them did meet according to order, and the 1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 381 plan laid before the Synod last year was accepted ; and that they have ap- pointed another convention the first Wednesday of October, at Elizabethtown, and the following gentlemen are now appointed by this Synod to be delegates from this body to meet at said convention, viz. Messrs. Case, Kent, Lewis, Mills, Rodgers, Jones, Jacob Green, Caldwell, William Tennent, Kirkpatrick, Blair, Spencer, Robert Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Duffield, Hunt, Richard Treat, Hunter, Ewing, Joseph Treat, Dr. Alison, Mead, Close, Brainerd, Alison, Finley, James Kerr, and Cooper. The Synod do order Dr. Alison to write to the General Association of the Consociated Churches in Connecticut, to appoint one of their members to open the convention with a sermon at Elizabethtown. And the Synod order, that the minutes of said convention be laid before this body every year. Mr. Thompson has obtained leave to go home. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 21sf day, at nine o'clock, A. 31. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. (Except Mr. Voorhees, who is gone home without leave.) Mr. Huston is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained. A question was proposed by a member of the Synod, which is, whether the committee of overtures are to be considered as agents and counsels, or shall they be considered as judges ? The consideration of which is deferred to next Synod. A proposal was brought in desiring the Synod to fall upon some general plan to prevent irregularities in respect of marriage, and it is recommended to every member of this Synod carefully to consider the said affair, and be ready to deliver their sentiments on the subject next Synod. An address from several gentlemen who call themselves members of Donegal! Presbytery, was brought in and read ; the consideration of which is deferred till Monday afternoon. Adjourned to ten o'clock on Monday next, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 2Bd day, ten o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The consideration of an address of a number of gentlemen who call them- selves the Presbytery of Donegall, deferred till the afternoon. Some members made a motion that the affair of Mr. Tennent's request be reconsidered, which was agreed to, but deferred till next sederunt. New Castle Presbytery book is now brought in, and Mr. Jones and Mr. Richards are appointed a committee to examine it. The committee appointed to meet with the corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian ministers, and of their widows and children, &c. report, that they waited on said corporation and proposed the following que- ries, viz : 1st. What power the committee of the Synod have in the distribution of some money raised by virtue of an act of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland, and by them put into the hands of the corporation aforesaid ? 2d. What was the total sum put into the hands of said corporation by the General Assembly aforesaid, to be disposed of in conjunction with the com- mittee of the Synod ? 3d. What part of said money the corporation have allotted for the committee to have any concern with ? 4th. Whether there is any of said money to be disposed of this year for the 882 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G8. purposes mentioned in the act of the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland ? To which queries the eoniniittce further report, that they have received the following answer from the curporation aforesaid, viz : "At a meeting of the corporation for the nlicf of poor and distressed Pres- byterian ministers, and of their widows and children, held at the second Pres- byterian church in Philadeli)hia, May the 27th, 17G7. There is inserted in their minutes the following resolution : "The answer to the questions proposed by the committee of the Synod came under consideration. " lu answer, the corporation declare that it is the sense of this board, that though a corporate body may not in the management of their affairs, legally associate with persons not in membership; yet in regard to the limitation of the General As.sembly of the Church of Scotland, wc judge it incumbent on us to consult with the committee, and mutually to propose and to agree with one another in the uses to which the money is to be applied ; provided always, that if the Synod do not appoint a committee, or if that committee do not attend the corporation, it shall not be hindered to proceed to do business. 3Iaij the 19/7t, 1707. "At a meeting of the corporation at the first Presbyterian church in this city, it was determined, "That the interest of seven hundred pounds sterling is to be disposed of yearly for the time to come, if there be occasion for it, with the advice and con- sent of the Synod's committee. " Ordered, That the secretary give a copy of this our answer to the questions proposed by the committee. " A true copy, by Francis Alison, Secretary." The further consideration of this affair deferred. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o^ clock, P. 3f., the Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post 2yrcc€S sederunt qui supra. The consideration of the request of several gentlemen who call themselves the Presbytery of Doncgall was resumed, and after much conversation and rea- soning OS the head, it was agreed to defer it till to-morrow morning. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 24/A day, nine of the o'clock, A. M. the t^ynod met according to adjourn- ment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The affair of Mrs. Tennent further deferred. The Synod resumed the consideration of the report of their committee ap- pointed last year to examine the state of the accounts of some money put into the liands of the celaware, for missionaries, was brought in and read. An application (m the behalf of several distressed societies on the frontiers of Pennsylvania, and tiie South Pranch of I'otomac, was made by a member, for missionaries to be sent among them. Ap))lication was also made by a member on the behalf of Great Egg Har- bour, and parts adjacent, for missionaries to be sent among them. 1768.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 387 Ordered, That Lewestown Presbytery appoint their candidates to supply the Forest, in Sussex, on Delaware, eight Sabbaths, at the most convenient places, for which the Synod order that their treasurer pay said candidates eight pounds. Application was made by a member on the behalf of the back parts of Balti- more and Frederick counties, in Maryland, requesting a missionary to be sent among them. The Synod order that the Presbytery of New Castle supply said parts by some of their candidates, or members, four Sabbaths, for which the Synod allow four pounds. Ordered, That Mr. Boyd supply at Great Egg Harbour, and parts adjacent, four Sabbaths, viz. the three last Sabbaths of October, and the first of Novem- ber, for which, together with his expenses in going there, the Synod allow him five pounds. Also, that Mr. Thomas Smith supply them three Sabbaths at discretion, taking care to notify them in due time, for which the Synod allow him three pounds. Ordered, That My. Boan supply at the South Branch of Potomac, three Sabbaths at discretion, for which the Synod allow him four pounds ten shil- lings. Ordered, That Mr. Halsey supply two Sabbaths in Sherman's Valley, and one at Bullskin, at discretion, for which the Synod allow him three pounds. Ordered, That Mr. Jackson supply four Sabbaths north of the Kittatinning Hills, for which the Synod allow him four pounds; and that Mr. Balch supply four Sabbaths north of the Kittatinning Hills, for which the Synod allow him four pounds. Ordered, That Mr. Hunt supply the vacancies north of the city of Albany, five Sabbaths, at discretion, for which he is allowed five pounds. A call for Mr. McCreary, a candidate under the care of the New Castle Pres- bytery from the inhabitants of Long Canes Settlement, in South Carolina, was brought in and read ; as also a supplication to the Reverend Synod, requesting their concurrence in presenting said call, and urging his acceptance thereof. Also, another supplication from said place, requesting, (providing Mr. McCreary should reject their call,) to grant them a stated supply for six months, of some skilful minister. The Synod gave said call into the hands of Mr. McCreary, requiring his answer to it, who replied, that he had not clearness at present to determine either in favour or against the said call, and requested time to deli- berate on it, which is granted, and the Synod recommend it to Mr. McCreary to determine the matter as soon as conveniently he can, and give his answer to New Castle Presbytery, who are desired in case of his accepting the said call, to ordain him as soon as they can. A supplication from Cathey's Settlement, and Fourth Creek, North Caro- lina, requesting supplies, especially by Mr. McCreary, was brought in and read. A supplication also from Coddle Creek for supplies, especially by Mr. McCreary, was brought in and read. A supplication also from the Three Creeks, and upper part of Catawba Biver, for supplies, especially for Mr. Bay, was brought in and read; also, an appli- cation by Mr. Bay, for supplies in behalf of Spotsylvania, in Virginia, Upper Haw River, Deep River, Anson County, Bush River, Fair Forest, Indian Creek, the forks of Tiger River, Union congregation, Bullock's Creek, Clark's Forest, Bethel congregation. Fishing Creek, Hitchcock Creek, upon Pee Dee River, Pine Tree Hill, and Stephen's Creek. A supplication from Steel Creek and Providence, in Mecklenburg county. North Carolina, for supplies, was brought in and read, especially for Mr. Lewis, Mr. McCreary, or Mr. Potter, to continue some time with them in order to settlement. 338 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1768. A supplication alsd frnm Tiinbcr llidirc, in A^ir^rinia, for s»ip])Hos. A UH'uiorial from Col. Alexander MiXatt, in Nova Se-otia, settinir forth the deplorable state of that new part of the Church, ami earnestly re(iuosting two ordained ministers, to continue some time to ordain elders and organize the churches. Also an application by Mr. Jackson, on the behalf of several congregations iu Augusta county, A'irginia, for supplies. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, eight o'clock, to meet at Market-street meeting-house. Concluded with prayer. 27 day^ cujlii odock, A. M. The Synod met accorduu/ to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have received Mr. Joseph Tate, havin^r withdrawn his declinature, and promising subjection to the jurisdiction of this Synod, and he being present, took his seat. A letter was read from the Rev. Mr. Sacket, praying that the Synod would take under their consideration the unhappy difference betwixt him and the Presbytery of Dutchess county. A supplication was also brought in and read from liedford, in West Ches- ter county, praying that a committee of this Synod may be aj)j)ointcd to meet at said place to settle all differences in the congregation, and after due delibe- ration, the Synod do appoint the following gentlemen to be a committee of this Synod to meet at Bedford the last Wednesday of August, to hear all affairs relative to both the above petitions, and finally settle all diflerences, viz. Messrs. John Rodgcrs, (.'aldwell, McWhorter, William Tennent, Lewis, Mills, Close, Kerr, Reeve, Jones, Ilait, and Joseph Treat. A supplication was brought in and read from the Presbyterian Church in the city of Albany, setting forth their distressed condition on the account of a heavy debt contracted by building their church, praying assistance. The Synod do sincerely pity their distressed condition, but find it is not in their power at present to help them. A petition was brought in by Messrs. Robert Knox and Anthony Pearson, in behalf of themselves and fifty-one other persons, complaining of the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, as Dr. Alison, ^Ir. Ewing, Mr. Patrick Alison, they judge, are not competent judges in the affair of presenting a call to the Rev. Patrick Alison, to the pastoral charge of the first Presbyterian Church in this city, and was read, and fully considered, and the Synod judge that the affair does not regularly come before this judicature, as there is now a sufficient number of members to constitute a Presbytery, if these gentlemen, before men- tioned, should be set aside as improper to judge in this affair. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. ' Three oUlorh-, J'. M. The Synod met accord tnj to adjournment. I^ost jireces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Ilorton, Mr. Kerr, Mr. Kirkpatrick, Mr. Spencer, obtained leave to go home. Ordered, That the treasurer of the Synod pay to the janitor who attended us last year, the sum of three jjounds, and the same sum to the janitor for this year. Mr. Montgomery has leave to join the New Castle Presbytery, obtaining a regular rlismis.sion from Ijcwes, but it is ordered he attend with the Lewes Presbytery at Buckingham, the third Wednesday of November. The Synod do appoint the Rev. Mr. .Bay to pay a visit to the vacancies 1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 389 above the city of Albany, for six Sabbaths, as soon as convenient, for which he is to receive six pounds. The Synod do appoint Mr. Jackson, a licensed candidate in the Presbytery of New York, to take a journey to the southern provinces; and in order more fully to answer the end of his mission, the Synod do recommend it to either the Presbyteries of Donegall or Hanover, to ordain the said Mr. Jackson as soon as possible. Mr. Halsey is also appointed to take a journey to the southern provinces. Mr. Tate is appointed also to take a journey to the western parts of Virginia, and to North Carolina, in the fall of this year, if the state of his congregation will permit. And the moderator and clerk are ordered to give the above gentlemen proper credentials ; and also to Mr. Lewis, if he should think proper to go to North Carolina next fall ; also to Mr. Bay. The Synod can send no missionaries to Nova Scotia this year, but determine to consider it next Synod. Mr. Anderson is appointed to take a tour on the Western frontiers of this Province, to set olF as soon as possible, and preach in the vacancies on these frontiers at least twelve Sabbaths, for which he is to receive twenty shillings for every Sabbath that he preaches on the other side of the Kittatinning Moun- tains, and to take his directions from the Donegall Presbytery. Mr. McCreary is also appointed to preach over these mountains four Sab- baths, at the directions of the Donegall Presbytery, for which he is to receive four pounds. The Synod order Mr. Strain to supply the Second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia the first Sabbath of June ; Mr. Green, the second ; Mr. Eakin, the third and fourth Sabbaths ; Mr. Carmichael, first Sabbath of July ; Mr. Hunt, the third of July; Mr. Chapman, the last of July and first of Au- gust; Mr. Hunter, the second Sabbath; Mr. Richards, third and fourth of August; Mr. Bay, first and second September; Mr. Carmichael, third Sep- tember ; Mr. Bobert Smith, fourth of September and first of October ; Mr. Montgomery, second and third of October ; Mr. Woodruff, fourth and fifth of October. Ordered, That the moderator sign all letters to the foreign churches. Adjourned to the third Wednesday of May next, 10 of the clock, A. M. to meet at the Secowd Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer. 1769. Philadelphia, May 17th, 1769. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment, at the second Presbyterian church in this city. Ubi post preces sederunt From the Presbytery of Donegall : the Bev. George Duffield, John Strain, Robert Cooper, John Slemmons, John Craighead. Of Lewestown Presbytery : the Bev John Miller, Matthew Wilson. Of New Castle Presbytery : the Bev. Alexander McDowel, Bobert Smith, William McKcnnan, John Montgomery, James Finley, John Carmichael. Of first Philadelphia Presbytery : the Bev. Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, John Brainerd, Benjamin Chesnutt, William Bamsey, John Clark, Enoch Green. Of second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Alison, John Simonton, John Ewing, James Latta, Patrick Alison. 390 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17G9. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. John Blair, "William Kirkpatrick, John Kosborough. Of Suffolk Presbytery : the Rev. John Close. Of New York Presbytery : the Rev. Azariah Horton, Dr. Rodgers, Aaron Richards, Benjamin Ilait, James Caldwell. Elders: Messrs. Ikiijamin Blaiih, Thomas Conary, Robert Macky, William Brown, Maskel Ewing, Isaac Abraham, James Sterret, James Rolston, John Brooks, William P. tSmith, Christopher Hughs, John Maxwell, Az. 31cClaue, Dr. Williamson. Absent of Hanover Presbytery : the Rev. Mes.srs. Blaith, Craig, Zaneky, Brown, Todd, McCadden, Rice, Patillo, Criswell, D. Caldwell, Cummins, Wad- dle, Alexander, Leak. Donegall Presbytery : the Rev. Mr. Samuel Thomson, John Rowan, John Hogg, James Hunt, James Lang. Lewestown Presbytery : the Rev. Charles Tennent, John Harris, Alexander Huston, James McCrakin, John Bacon. New Castle Presbytery : the Rev. Elihu Spencer, Andrew Bay, John Mc- Creary. . First Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. Charles Beatty, Nebemiah Green- man. Second Philadelphia Presbytery : the Rev. John Elder, John Steel, Robert McMordie. New Brunswick Presbytery : the Rev. Charles McKnight, James Read, John Hannah, Samuel Kennedy, Jer. Halsey, James Lyon, Ji)b I'rudden. Suff'olk l*rcsbytery : the Rev. Messrs. Prime, Buel, White, Brown, Barker, Goldsmith, Talmage, Rose, Lewis, Mills, Potter, Occum. The whole Presbytery of Dutchess County. New York Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Pierson, Jacob Green, John Moffat, John Elmer, John Darby, Abner Reeve, Nathan Kerr, Benjamin Woodruff", Azariah Roe, Francis Peppard, John Maltby, Hugh Knox, Simon Horton, Abner Brush, Alexander McWhorter, Joseph Treat, J. Chapman, James Tuttle, Timothy Jones. Mr. John Blair, the last year's moderator, opened the Synod by a sermon from Rev. iii. 2, last clause. Mr. Kirkpatrick was chosen moderator. ]\Ir. Caldwell and Mr. Patrick Alison were chosen clerks. Mr. Hait's and Mr. Latta's reasons for being absent last year, sustained. Donegall Presbytery report, that Mr. Samuel Thompson and Mr. James Lang have joined them, according to the minutes of the last Synod. Lewestown I're.sbytery report, they have ordained to the work of the gospel ministry Mr. John Brown. New Castle J'resbytery report, the Rev. ^Ir. Adam Boyd was removed by death, Nov. 20, 17<)S. That thuy ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, Mr. John McCrcary, William Forster, and Mr. Joseph Smith, the two last of whom being present took their seats with Mr. James Huston, Mr. Smith's elder. And they further report, they have licensed to preach as candidates, Mr. John Woodliull, Mr. Josiah licwis, Mr. IJezekiah Balch ; that Mr. Samp- son Smith and Mr. John liaird had joined their Presbytery, according to the minutes of the last Synod; and that they have suspended from the exercise of the gospel ministry, Mr. Sampson Smith, and that they have received the Rev. Daniel McClelland as a member of their Presbytery, who being present took his seat. 'I"ho first Philadelphia Presbytery report, they have ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, Mr. Alexander Mitchell, and received the Rev. Mr. Jamts Sproat, lute a member of the association of New Haven, in Connecticut 1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 391 who being present took tlieir seats with their elders, Mr. Robert Patterson and Mr. Gunning Bedford. The second Philadelphia Presbytery report, that Mr. John Elder, Mr. John Steel, and Mr. Robert McMordie, joined them, according to the minute of the last Synod. New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have received the Rev. Dr. John Witherspoou, late member of the Presbytery of Paisley, in Scotland, who being present took his seat. That the Rev. Mr. James McCrea was removed by death the tenth day of this instant, and that they have licensed Mr. Jacob A'' an Arsdalen to preach as a candidate. New York Presbytery report, that they have ordained to the gospel ministry, Mr. James Tuttle, and that Mr. Moses Tuttle has withdrawn himself from our jurisdiction. By a minute laid before us, signed by the moderator of the Presbytery of Hanover, we are informed that Mr. Thomas Jackson and Mr. Samuel Leak were ordained by that Presbytery to the work of the gospel ministry. Mr. Jackson being present took his seat. The Synod appoint for a committee of overtures, the Rev. Mr. Cooper, Mr. Wilson, Mr. Fiuley, Mr. Ramsey, Mr. Latta, Mr. Blair, Mr. Hait, Mr. Close, and Mr. Jackson, with Mr. Maxwell, Mr. Sterret, and Maskel Ewing, elders, to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and as often afterwards as busi- ness may require. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. ISth day, nine o'clock, A. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. With the Rev. William Tennent, John Hogg, and Alexander McWhorter, who gave sufficient reasons for not attending yesterday. Also, Dr. Burnet, Jo- seph Cowen, and Hugh Whiteford, elders, are now present. Mr. Miller and Mr. Brainerd are appointed a committee to examine the Pres- bytery book of Donegall. Mr. Wilson and Mr. Montgomery are appointed a committee to examine the first Philadelphia Presbytery book. Dr. Rodgers and Mr. McWhorter are appointed a committee to examine the Presbytery book of New Brunswick. Mr. Robert Smith and Mr. Duffield are appointed a committee to examine the Presbytery book of New York. The Presbytery books of Hanover, Lewestown, New Castle, the second Pres- bytery of Philadelphia, Suffolk and Dutchess County, are not present. Ordered, That those books be brought next Synod. Mr. Tate is now come, and his reasons for not attending sooner are sustained. The committee appointed last year to prepare a plan for propagating the gos- pel among the Indians, report, that it appeared to them as yet inexpedient to enter on that important work. Ordered, That Dr. Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Mr. Brainerd, and Mr. Ewing, be a committee to consult whether any plan can yet be de- vised for the purpose aforesaid, and make report to the Synod next Tuesday morning. The Synod appoint for their commission for the ensuing year, the Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, Dr. Alison, Dr. Witherspoon, Sproat, Blair, Lewis, Mills, Azariah Horton, Jones, William Tennent, Reed, Hunter, Ewing, Spen- cer, Roan, Robert Smith, Miller, Montgomery, Duffield, and Close, with the moderator; with elders. Dr. Burnet, Dr. Williamson, Gunning Bedford, Wil- liam P. Smith, and Maskel Ewing, thirteen of whom to be a quorum; but if 292 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17C9. the moderator die or be absent, the first mentioned on the roll in the minute shall have power to call the commission and preside. Mr. Spencer is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained; his elder, Valentine Duehene, is also present. Mr. Richard Treat is appointed treasurer for the Synod, and the several rresbyteriiil treasurers are desired to give him in their accounts by Saturday morning. Mr. Jackson and Mr. Joseph Tate complied with the appointment of last Synod to supply to the southward. Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. the Sj/)wd met arcordnir/ to adjournment. Post prcces sederunt qui supra. (With Mr. Steel.) The committee appointed to meet at Bedford, report, they accordingly met and their minutes being produced were read, and the Synod approve of what they did except that part of their judgment which disunited Mr. Sacket from the Presbytery of Dutchess and annexed him to the I'resbytcry of New York, the propriety of which being debated, the question was put approve or not ? which was carried in the negative by a great majority; and Mr. Sacket is there- fore returned to the Presbytery of Dutchess county. From Mr. Braiuerd's report respecting the school under his inspection, which the Synod agreed to support, we find it hath not been kept up more than half the last year, for which we therefore allow him fifteen pounds, which is half of what was voted last year. But as he expects he shall be able to continue that school the current year, having provided a master for that purpose, voted that he be allowed thirty pounds for the support of it. Ordered also, That Mr. Brainerd shall receive for the current year the sum of eighteen pound.s, being the interest of the money in the hands of the trea- surer of the college of New Jersey for the support of an Indian mission, and that he also have twenty pounds from the Synodical treasurer for the continu- ance of his labours in the year past, in those desolate parts where he has been usefully employed, and the Synod desire Mr. Bi'aincrd to supply in those parts as formerly. The delegates appointed to meet the Rev. General Convention at Elizabeth- town last October, laid before the Synod the minutes of the convention agree- able to a standing order for that purpose. As the next general convention is to meet the fourteenth of September at New Haven, the Synod appoint to attend on that occasion the following mem- bers, viz : the Rev. Messrs. John Strain, Jlichard Treat, James Sproat, John Brainerd, Jo.seph JNIoutgomery, John Craighead, Jacob Kerr, Klibu Spence, John Ewing, Patrick Alison, Dr. Wither.sjxxm, William Tennent, J)r. Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, John Close, Samuel Bucl, Solomon Mead, and Wheeler Ca.se; Dr. Witlierspoon is appointed to open the conven- tion, or in case of his absence Dr. Rodgers. Mr. Azariah llorton has leave to go home. Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 19 dai/, nine ochjck, the Si/nod met according to adjmtrnment. Post jircccs Ki-dernnt (jni xiipra. Mr. Carniichael, elder, has leave t(» go home. The committee appointed to dispo-se of the interest of the money in the bands of the treasurer of the New Jersey College, for support of poor and pious youth in said college, laid their proceedings before us, and it appears 17G9.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 393 that they have disposed of twenty pounds for the purpose mentioned. There •will be in the hands of the treasurer to be disbursed next October, sixty-two pounds, and the Synod appoint as a committee for the present year to attend at the New Jersey college the third Wednesday of August, and dispose of said sum, the Rev. Messrs. Dr. AVitherspoon, William Tennent, Brainerd, Guild, Ewing, Blair, Caldwell, Reed, and the moderator. The order of Synod respecting a plan laid down by some lay elders at a for- mer session and adopted by this Synod, came under consideration, and it appears from the report of several Presbyteries, that only a few of them have en- deavoured to execute this plan; the Synod renew their last year's order with relation to so useful an overture, and earnestly recommend to all their Presby- teries to use their utmost endeavours to secure the success of it before our meeting in May next. To the question concerning the business and power of the committee of over- tures proposed last year, the Synod answer, that committee is intended to introduce business into the Synod in an orderly manner, that they may give advice concerning either the matter or manner of overtures brought to them, but have not power to suppress any thing that comes regularly before them from inferior judicatures according to our known rules, or such overtures and petitions as inferior judicatures or particular persons desire to have laid before this Synod. A proposal was made last Synod and the consideration of it deferred to this, that we should endeavour to agree upon some plan to prevent irregularities in respect of marriage. And after some conversation on said proposal, agreed to defer it to the next Synod, and it is expected every member will be prepared to give his sentiments on said proposal at that time, stating what irregularities he imagines prevail, and what method he would propose to prevent them. From the representations that have been made to us concerning the situation of Nova Scotia, we are of opinion that it is not expedient to appoint any mis- sionaries to that province at this time. A petition from the congregation of Little Britain was brought in and read, requesting to be set off from the Donegall Presbytery and put under the care of the New Castle Presbytery, which is more convenient to them. The Synod grant their petition, but as there are some matters depending between Mr. Hunt and said congregation now before the Donegall Presbytery, the Synod order, that these be there judged and determined notwithstanding this regu- lation. Adjourned till three clock, P. M, Concluded with prayer. Three o^ clock, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post precei sederunt qui supra. Joseph Cowan, Mr. Horton's elder, has leave to go home. A motion was introduced from the committee of overtures, that the Synod should consider what they would do in case of persons who, breaking off from their body, are not subject to the inspection of any Presbytery, and yet may by their conduct bring a reproach on them, as being supposed to continue still in connexion with them. It was particularly represented that Mr. Kin- kaid is by many given out to be a Presbyterian minister, though his conduct is no way cognizable by us. The Synod, after inquiring into the facts, find that he had not only gone off of himself, but was publicly disowned by the Presbytery of Philadelphia, and has never been a member of any Presbytery of this Synod since the union of the Synods of New York and Philadelphia, and therefore they are persuaded- that this conduct cannot, by any candid per- son, be considered as having any influence on them whether good or bad. 50 394 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769. On this account tliey sec no necessity of cither inquiry or vindication as to him, but recommend it to Presbyteries to be precise and accurate in making the dates of tlic desertion or separation of any of their members, and to give sentence detinitdy as to the continuance or dissolution of their rehition. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. '20th dnij, nine o'cIocJc, the Si/nod met according to adjournment. I'ust prcccs scdenoit qni »vpra. (With Mr. John Montgomery, Mr. Steel's elder.) Mr. ^Maxwell, Mr. Montgomery's elder, has leave to go home. Mr. Ilalsey is now come, and the reasons given by him for his not coming eooncr are sustained. Mr. McClelland has leave to go home. Mr. Thomas McCrakin and Mr. John Creary arc now come, and their reasons for not coming sooner are sustained. The committee of overtures have brought in an appeal of ]\Irs. Jane Ten- nent, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Lewestown npon several com- plaints prosecuted by her before them, against her husband the llev. ]\Ir. Charles Tennent, but as the minutes of the Presbytery are not here, the Synod cannot proceed to hear the appeal now, but order it to lie over till next year, when both parties are required to be ready for trial. Mr. Robert Patterson has leave to go home. Adjourned till Monday morning ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Mondai/, ten o'clock, the Synod met according to adjournment. Post j-ircces sederunt qui supra. The Kev. Mr. James Long, together with his elder, Mr. "William Alison, are now come; INIr. Long's absence from Synod till this time, excused. The supplies ordered at our last session were fulfilled as follow.*, Mr. T?oyd complied with his appointment to Egg Harbour. Mr. Roan complied with his to the branches of Potomac, and communicated in a letter to Mr. Nuffield, which was read, a circumstantial account of the situation of that desolate countr}^ and bis itinerating there. The Synod agree to give Mr. Roan for l»is great labours in that part eight pounds ten shillings, in addition to what they V(tted him last year. Messrs. Ilalsey, Ilezekiah James Raich, and jMcCreary, have complied with theirs ; in consideration of Mr. McCreary's great services on his mission to the western frontiers of this province, the Synod vote him an additional allowance of five pounds. A paper signed by Alexander Miller, containing various matters of complaint against the Presbytery of Hanover, who deposed him May yd, 1705, was brought in and read, he being present, which is as follows : To the Rev. Synod of New York and Philadelphia : Rev. rjentlenien — Re pleased to attend to the ease and redress the grievances of a member injured by some members of Hanover Presbytery. The case is as follows : Mr. Rice brought an affidavit (in what manner proved 1 know not) to a cer- tain meeting of Hanover Presbytery, insinuating some reflections on my conduct at a certain place. Though the paper was formed extra-judicially, yet I was willing, and even urgeil, f(ir an appointment to be made to go and incjuire into the rise and ground of said report, which was granted and made. In consequenco hereof 1 rode 1769.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 395 four hundred miles to the place, but found no Presbytery, and that Mr. Todd, by his sole authority, pi'evented the same. Sometime afterwai-ds, and on the very day our Presbytery was judicially appointed to meet at another place, at a very considerable distance, Mr. Todd with two other members went to this, (without judicial appointment) assumed the name and authority of Hanover Presbytery, and even ordained a man, re- ceived charges against me, and judged me in my absence, and appointed the time and place of the next meeting : but incapacitated and prevented by their conduct the meeting of the Presbytery according to appointment. At the time appointed for next meeting I attended, and, after reasoning on their conduct, it was mutually agreed, on certain conditions, to nullify what was past, and that the Presbytery be full at the trial. I attended at the time and place, but that Presbytery having failed in the performing the conditions stipulated on their part, and finding them resolved to proceed to judgment, contrary to their engagements, I gave in a declinature and appealed to the Synod, and gave them the reasons, and left them. After which, as appears by their minutes, they judged the validity of my reasons of appeal, examined witnesses against me, formed, published, and or- dered a libel to be publicly read against me, and assumed a power to depose me from the ministerial office in my absence, and after I had appealed to the Synod. The next meeting of Presbytery I applied to the moderator and clerk to have a testimonial of my declinature, reasons of appeal, and a copy of their minutes, but was refused. This prevented me from applying to you in a way I thought orderly until the third instant, I got a copy of some of their proceedings, of which I com- plain of the following things, viz : 1. That the Presbytery did not meet to do me justice, according to appoint- ment, Mr. Todd preventing the first, and many of the members not attending or fulfilling their engagements at the last, and that they have acted presbyterially without appointment. 2. That they received accusations, administered oaths to persons against me, and condemned me in my absence, and made themselves judges and parties in some cases. 3. That they judged my reasons of appeal, and appear to blame me for ap- pealing. In this I complain they have acted contrary to the fifth article of the plan of union. 4. That their minutes are dark and imperfect, containing, &c. &c. &c., in- stead of facts and full history. 5. For saying that the evidences were of unblamable reputation when they knew, or might have known, the contrary, by inspecting their oaths and various representations they have given. 6. That they assumed a power not granted them by warrant from Christ, or ceded to them in the plan of union. These are some of my complaints, to which I can add many more, and will make it apparent to impartial judges that they are not without foundation; and if you please to do me justice and redress my grievances occasioned by these men, it will very much redound to your credit in the world, the honour of this judicatory, and oblige a sufi"erer. (Signed by) Alex. Miller, M. A. As also an attested copy of the Presbytery's minutes relating to his trial and deposition. After some time spent on this business the further examination of it is de- ferred till the afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 398 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1769. Three o\-Ior/c, P. M. The Si/nod met according to adjournment. Post pre- cc;s sederunt qui supra. The consideration of Mr. Miller's case resumed. Mr. Miller was asked, whether he was a member of this Synod and subject to its authority and juris- diction. He answered he was, and referred to the intniduction of the paper he laid before the Synod, signed with his name, which is in these words, " lie pleased to attend to the ease and redress the grievances of a member injured by some members of Hanover Presbytery." After Mr. Alexander Miller's complaint was heard, it was deferred till to- morrow morning. Mr. Hart has leave to go home. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 2od day, at nine o'clocJc. The Sj/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The consideration of Mr. Alexander Miller's complaint resumed, and upon full inquiry the Synod conclude, that as the Presbytery of Hanover are not present, and it has not been made appear before us that they were cited to be present, or informed that Mr. Alexander Miller intended to lodge a complaint against them before the Synod, at this time, we cannot now enter upon the con- sideration of the merits of the complaint, but order both the Presbytery and Mr. Alexander Miller to attend our next Synod prepared for a full hearing, and, in the mean time, on account of Mr. Miller's unjustifiable delay fur some years to enter his complaint before us, the irregularity of his proceedings dur- ing that time, and the atrocious nature of the crimes laid to his charge, we do hereby declare him suspended from the exercise of the ministerial office till his complaint can be fully heard. Mr. Alexander Miller was called in, and the above determination of the Sy- nod read in his hearing, whereupon he gave in a paper, renouncing the authority of the Synod. Upon which the Synod find, that as Mr. Miller was deposed by the Presbytery of Hanover he declined the judgment of that Presbytery and appealed to this Synod : and while we were taking measures to try and issue his complaint, he, in the paper aforesaid, hath renounced our authority. The Synod therefore declare he is not a member of this body, and forbid all their Presbyteries and congregations to employ him. An application from the Trustees of the (.'ollege of New Jersey was brought in and read, requesting the assistance of the Synod to raise money for the ne- cessary support of the said College. The Synod looking upon this as a matter of great importance, appoint Dr. With(!rspi)on, Mr. lilair, and Mr. "William P. Smith, a committee to make a suitable representation of the state of the col- lege to lay before this Synod, which we may recommend for the information of our several congregatiuns. And the Synod agree, that certain jjartitular per- sons be ajijMiinted to go through our bounds and use their utmcjst endeavours to obtain subscriptions, in part, and after they have done all they can they shall leave the several subscriptions opened by them with the most convcHient minis- ters, or other proper persons, to have them filled up where any thing more can be done; and each Presbytery is enjoined to take care that every member be active and diligent to forward and conq)leto those subscriptions, of whieli they are to give an account at our next Synod ; and tlie persons appointed to this business, an/, nine o^docJi;, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. U hi post preces sederunt qui supra. The appointment of supplies to the southward, agreeably to a previous order of Synod, came to be considered. A supplication from Steel Creek, in North Carolina, for supplies, particu- larly for Mr. J. Lewis, was brought in by the committee of overtures, and read. A supplication for supplies from Cathy's Settlement, North Carolina, was brought in and read. Also, a supplication for supplies from Cubb Creek, Vir- ginia, was brought in and read. A supplication from Manahawkin, in East Jersey, was likewise brought in and read. A call from the united congregations of Briar Creek and Queensborough, in Georgia, for the Rev. Mr. Josiah Lewis, was brought in and read. In this it was also requested, that in case the call was not accepted, other supplies should be appointed them. Application was also made on behalf of Ligonier, and the vacancies beyond the Allegheny mountains, on behalf of the settlements on the south branch of Potomac, and on behalf of a numerous people living on Hudson's river, in the province of New York, and also on behalf of Hanover and Cumberland coun- ties, in Virginia. Application was also made on behalf of two united congre- gations in Dorset county, Maryland. In consequence of these applications, Mr. James Pinley is appointed to supply over the Allegheny mountains for two months at least, as soon as may be con- venient for him. Mr. Sampson Smith is appointed to spend six months in the settlements on the south branch of Potomac and the other parts on the frontiers of Virginia. Mr. Schank, a candidate under the care of the New Brunswick Presbytery, is appointed to spend four months in the settlements on Hudson's river, and parts adjacent, and the Presbytery are directed to ordain him as soon as maybe, if they find their way clear, in order to his going on that mission. Mr. Alexander INliller and Mr. Eliphalet Ball are also appointed to visit those settlements, and to continue there six weeks or two months each, if con- venient. Mr. Elam Potter, agreeably to his request, is appointed to visit the southern vacancies of North and South Carolina and Georgia, and to spend at least six months in this mission, and to tarry in every congregation of importance which he shall visit, three weeks or a month, and carefully catechize the people. Ordered, that Mr. Roe give notice of this appointment to Mr. Potter. 63 418 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1771. Mr. Joseph Smith is appointed to visit the southern vacancies, and particu- larly to spend five weeks at Steel Creek congregation, and two months and three weeks beyond the Catawba river ; that he j)ay particular attention to i)unkin'8 Creek congregation, and spend as much time there, and at liuUock's Creek, as be possibly can. The rest of the time at discretion, and he shall carefully catechize the people of these congregations. 3Ir. John McCreary is appointed to visit the settlements betwixt the Yadkin and Catawba rivers, and to continue among them three months, and to spend three or four Sabbaths at Cubb Creek, in his way. The first Philadelphia Presbytery are appointed to supply Mr. McCrearys pulpit the three first Sabbaths in August and the two first in November. Mr. Sinionton is appointed to supply ^Ir. Smith's pulpit the two first Sab- baths in October, and 3Ir. Tate the two first Sabbaths in November. The further consideration of supplies deferred. Ailjourued till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 21s((7n?/, tlircc o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Lbi 2^ost preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod proceeded, according to an order of a former day, to consider the case of Mr. Eakiu, referred to them by the second Presbytery of IMiila- delphia. 5lr. Eakin appeared agreeably to the citation issued ; and being interrogated from the chair, made an open and free confession of the crimes with which he •was charged, and declared himself unfcignedly sorry and deeply penitent for his very offensive conduct. The S3'nod, after reasoning, and prayer to God for direction in this impor- tant matter, are of opinion, that the crimes he had been guilty of did fully deserve deposition; but in respect to his humble and penitent carriage, do agree, that he be suspended from the exercise of his ministry sine die; and they do prohibit him, under pain of the highest censures of the church, from exercising the same, or any part thereof, within the bounds of this Synod, or anywhere else, and discharge any inferior judicatory from taking off this sus- pension, and from receiving any application for that purpose; and the Synod do also dissolve his pastoral relation to the third Presbyterian congregation in this city. They do further suspend him from sealing ordinances in the mean time, but leave it to the second Presbytery of Philadelphia, or any other Presbytery in which he may reside, to restore to Christian communion, upon his application, when they shall see proper. The Synod do also apjioint the moderator solemnly to rebuke him from the chair, and order that this whole sentence be read from the j)ulpit of that church of which he was pastor, the next Lord's day. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 2'2d daj/, nine o'clock, A. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. lUti post preccs sederunt qui supra. The committee to examine Mr. IJrainerd's accounts from the year 1700 to the year 1770 inclusive, reported, that Mr. JJrainerd had received from the neveral congregations he hath from time to time supplied in the neighbourhood of Nanohawkin and Kgg Ilajbour, only the sum of fifty-niru! pounds nineteen shillings, tlicmgh he had preached upwards of five hundred times among them, and that his accounts respecting the Indian school stand fair. Tiir- committee! appoint<;d to draw up a letter in answer to a letter received from tlie General Absembly of the Church of Scotland, brought it in and it was read. 1771.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. : 419 The committee appointed to draw up a letter in answer to a letter from tlie Synod of North IIoHaud, brought one in, which was read. And Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Kodgers, Messrs. Kobert Smith, Ewing, Patrick Alison, Blair, and McDowell, are appointed a committee to review and correct the forementioned letters, and bring them in to-morrow morning. The committee to inquire into the management of the money formerly be- longing to the Synod of Philadelphia, are not prepared to make their report. The case respecting marriage was taken under consideration, and after deli- berating upon it some time, it was deferred till next Synod. Mr. Ewing is appointed to furnish the southern missionaries with proper certificates, and to sign them in thS" name of the Synod. The affair of appointing supplies was resumed. Mr. Ilorton is appointed to supply Mr. Boyd's pulpit the third and fourth Sabbaths of September, while Mr. Boyd, agreeable to the order of Synod, sup- plies for Mr. McCreary. The New York Presbytery book was brought in by the committee appointed to examine it, and it was approved. Mr. Caldwell requested in the name of the Presbytery of New York, that some of the money in the hands of the Synod's treasurer to assist poor and destitute congregations, be allowed them for supj^lying the frontiers of that province and New Jersey, and the Synod agreed, that there be allowed them for the ensuing year, the sum of fifteen pounds, and at the request of Mr. Cooper, the like sum is allowed to the Presbytery of Donegall for supplying ou their frontiers. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 22tZ day, three o'clock, P. M. the Synod met accordiyig to adjournment. TJhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee appointed to examine into and report the management of the money formerly in the hands of the Synod of Philadelphia, have not yet been able to complete that business. The committee appointed to examine the Donegall Presbytery book, brought it in, and with remarks it was approved. The committee appointed to examine the New Brunswick Presbytery book, brought it in and it was approved. The first Philadelphia Presbytery book was brought in by the committee ap- pointed to examine it, and it was approved. Ordered, To proceed in reading the minutes of the committee of overtures. Application was made by Mr. Alexander Miller in favour of the Presbyterian congregation in Schenectady, in order to assist them in finishing a church, which was not complied with. A scheme for the education of poor and pious youth, formed and adopted by the Presbytery of New Castle, and transmitted by the committee of overtures, was brought in and read, and is as follows : " A scheme for supporting young men of piety and parts at learning for the work of the ministry, that so our numerous vacancies may be supplied with preachers of the gospel, &c. " 1st. That every vacant congregation in our bounds, who ask this Presbytery for supplies, do annually at our fall meeting pay into the hands of a treasurer to be chosen, the sum of two pounds. " 2d. That every minister belonging to this Presbytery, pay into the hands of said treasurer, at the said time, the sum of one pound. " 3d. That any gentleman willing to contribute to this pious design, may have an opportunity of subscribing to pay annually. 420 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1771. '' 4th. That at every spring mcetinc of this Prc'^l^ytory, there shall be a treasurer chosen, (a member of Presbytery,) M*iio shall keep a fair stated ac- count of all the money received, and the disbursements, and shall pay no mo- ney without a written order, an act of the Presbyter}' signed by their moderator and clerk fur the time being. " 5th. That every member of this Presbytery may recommend any young man they think proper, who, after such an examination as shall be thimght convenient, shall receive or be refused the bcnetit of this donation, by the major vote of this Presbytery. " Gth. That after any youTig man is thus received, the Presbytery shall look upon them.selves as the guardians of his education, and as such shall give all orders relative thereto, and in case of any difference of opinion the major vote shall always determine. ** 7th. That every young man thus educated, shall be looked upon as na- tively belonging to this Presbytery, and when introduced into the work of the ministry, shall continue at least one year preaching in the vacancies within the bounds of this Presbytery. " 8th. That every young man thus educated, and afterwards not inclining to the work of the ministry, shall give a bond to some minister of this I'rcsby- tery, to the amount of all the money expended by this Presbytery in his educa- tion, payable in five years after date." The Synod do highly approve of this plan, and do most earnestly recom- mend it to the several Presbyteries to fall upon that or the like scheme, for the excellent purpose above mentioned, and order that inquiry be made at the next meeting of Synod, how far the several Presbyteries have been able to proceed in executing said plan, and that they be required to give an account of their diligence in this matter. An overture was made that the general fast be observed in all our bounds in consideration of the aspect which matters, both civil and religious, bear. The overture was cheerfully accepted, and the Synod earnestly recommend it to the several ministers and congregations under their care, to spend the third Thursday in June in fasting and prayer : excepting those Presbyteries who may have lately observed a fast for the same purpose. An application from the trustees of the Academy at Newark, to obtain the countenance antl approbation of the Synod for a general collection through their bounds in behalf of said Academy, was overtured and read. The Synod considered the prayer of said petition, and cheerfully agree to countenance it ; and do recommend it to the charity of the various congregations within their bounds. The letter in answer to a letter from Geneva not being ready to be delivered in with the other letters on Tuesday morning, was now brought in by the committee appointed to prepare it, and read, and ordered to be put into the hands of the committee appointed to revise and correct the other Synodical letters. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 23tZ ilay, nine odorJc, A. M. the Synod met arxorJimj to adjournment. Ubi jwxt jjreccs sederunt qui supra. The committee appointed to examine into and report the management of the money formerly in tbe hands of the late Philadelphia Synod, and, in consc- (jucMice of the union, belonging to the united Synod, report, that on account of the multiplicity of business in which J)r. Alison is involved nothing can be done in this atlair this session. It is therefore ordered, that Mr. Treat, Mr. Beatty, and Mr. Sproat, be a committee to examine into and report the state of ttJiid money, and that they prepare an exact account in writing of the 1771.] NEW YOKK AND PHILADELPHIA. 421 management of said money, and lay it before the Synod at its meeting next year. The committee appointed to examine the books of the second Presbytery of Philadelphia and of the Presbytery of New Castle, brought them in, and they were approved. A proposal being made for reviving the annual collection, in order to assist weak and destitute places in supporting the gospel, as was agreed upon in a former Synod, the Synod considering that a sum of money yet remains in the hand of their treasurer, and that there are, or will be, several collections for other purposes on foot in the current year, agree to defer it till the next meet- ing of Synod. Adjourned till three o'clock this afternoon. Concluded with prayer. I^d day, three d'doclc, P. M., the Synod met according to adjournment. Vhi post preces sederunt qui supra. The consideration of appointing supplies was resumed. Mr. Halsey is appointed to supply Mr. Jos. Smith's pulpit, the first, second, and third Sabbaths of January, and it is ordered that the New York Presbytery supply his pulpit two of those Sabbaths. Mr. Thomas Lewis is appointed to supply Mr. Jos. Smith's pulpit the three first Sabbaths of December, and the New York Presbytery is ordered to supply his pulpit two of those Sabbaths. Mr. Mitchell is appointed to supply Mr. Smith's pulpit the two first Sabbaths of February. Mr. Chapman is appointed to supply Mr. Smith's pulpit the third and fourth Sabbaths of November. The letters to the foreign churches were brought in by the committee ap- pointed to revise them, and approved ; and it was ordered, that the moderator sign them, and that Dr. Witherspoon take care to transmit the letter to the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland ; Dr. Eodgers to transmit that to the Church of North Holland, and Dr. Alison the letter to the Church of Geneva. The committee appointed to meet the corporation laid their minutes before the Synod, who highly approve of their proceedings in the business committed to their care, commend the settlement made respecting the money deposited in the hands of the corporation by the church of Scotland, to be disposed of by said corporation, in conjunction with the Synod's committee, in the disposal of which they are concerned, and vote them their thanks for their fidelity and diligence. A copy of some regulations made by the corporation for the relief of poor and distressed Presbyterian ministers, their widows and children. '' A committee was appointed to consider and propose some regulations for the admission of ministers who may come from Europe or from the neighbour- ing colonies and join our Synod, and who may desire to become contributors to this fund. The members of the committee last appointed, and the other mem- bers of this board, having at this time freely and deliberately considered this matter, have thus determined : "That if any minister come from a distant place and join with the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, and settle in any of the middle colonies, viz. New York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, and Maryland, and choose to become a contributor to this fund, he may be admitted on the following terms, viz. " 1st. He shall be allowed one whole year after his arrival among us, and no longer, to deliberate whether he will become a contributor or not. " 2d. If he was ordained a minister before the fund was constituted, and be MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1771. under forty years of ago, he shall pay a sura of money equal to the sum paid by any minister who has chosen tiie same rate with him, and has beeu a contri- butor from the begiuuing, counting the interest thereon as it would have arisen from year to year. '' od. If he was ordained since the commencement of the fund, and under thirty years of age when ordained, he shall pay on his becoming a contributor a sum of money equal to what would have been paid by him had he been intro- duced into the ministry by the Synod ; but if he was ordained when above thirty and under fnrty years of age, he shall pay a sum ef|ual to what would have beeu paid by him bad he been ordained at the age of thirty years. Pro- vided always, and on all those suppositions, that he be not in such a declining state of health as would render his life more precarious than might be expected from a man of his years ; of which this corporation shall be the judges. ''4th. But if he be above forty years of age, he shall not be admitted on any terms, as the corporation cannot in consistence with their trust allow him this privilege. " It was found on revising our records that several laws have boon enacted respecting the time when young men were to become contributors to this fund, which, when compared, occasioned some difficulties. To remove which for the time to come, it is agreed and enacted, that every young man that shall hereaf- ter apply to be admitted as a contributor, shall bring a certificate from a Pres- bytery, mentioning the time of his ordination, and of his settlement in a con- gregation, and shall at the next yearly meeting of this corporation but one in the month of May, after his ordination and settlement in a congregation, pay down one year's rate or contribution, and then entering into bonds shall be ad- mitted to all the privileges arising from this fund. Hut it shall be lawful for him to pay his money, and become a contributor sooner if he thinks it for his advantage, as his family can expect no benefit unless he has paid one year's rate, and entered into bonds. " The secretary is ordered to give a copy of this regulation to the moderator of the Synod, respecting the admission of young men as contributors to this fund, and to request the Synod, in the name of this corporation, to take such measures as they may think most proper, that every minister belonging to any of their Presbyteries may know these rules, and that no young man be deprived of the benefit of this fund who is willing to become a contributor. "Enacted at a meeting of the corporation, held at the first Presbyterian church in this city, Uecember 19th, 1770, and continued by adjournments. " A true copy, Francis Alison, Secretary." Mr. William Mackey Tennent, a licensed candidate under the care of the Lewcstown Presbytery, is appointed to supply the month of November at the direction of the New Castle Presbytery, and iMr. John Simpson, a licensed can- didate belonging to the New Brunswick I'resbytory, is appointed to supply iu the month of December, at the direction of said I'resbytory. The Synod appoint the llev. P. Alison to supply in Virginia, the Carolinas, and Georgia, to set ofl" as soon as he conveniently can. The settlement of the committee of Synod with the corporation of the Wi- dows' Fund, is as follows : " The corporation having laid their accounts respecting the money granted them by the General Assembly of the ('hurch of Scotland before the committee of the Synod, the committee finding it difficult to understand th(( projirioty of allowing some articles in said accounts, and having contorred with the com- mittc(! of the corporation, who, on the strictest examination, exhibitocl this ac- count, they still dodan-d that they were in some things not fully satisfied ; therefore to end all debates, and for the sake of peace, the corporation agreed to make them the following proposals, though they arc persuaded that the ac- 1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. ,. 423 counts exliibited to tliem are just and reasonable, and sucli as they can on a just and sure foundation exhibit to the world. " 1st. That thirty pounds free of all deductions shall be yearly paid by the treasurer of the corporation to a committee of the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, on the 24th day of May ; the first payment to commence on the 24th of May, 1772, to be applied by them, for the uses and purposes hereafter nientioued, and for none else ; these uses, as we apprehend, being agreeable to the pious intentions of the donors. '' 2d. That in consideration of the application of said sum of thirty pounds, the committee of the Synod, in the name of that reverend body, do acquiesce in and approve of such application of the money, entrusted by the Scotch Church for the use of the widows' fund, and all such other pious uses as have been hitherto made of it by the corporation. '' 3d. That this sum of thirty pounds shall be expended by the committee of the Synod in assisting poor and distressed Presbyterian ministers, or their families ; or to pay ministers or probationers to preach the gospel to weak or frontier congregations in the bounds of Pennsylvania and the lower counties, New Jersey, and Maryland, and to assist them when weak and distressed, to erect places of worship, and to preach to and assist the Indians who live among said inhabitants or contiguous to the frontiers of said provinces. "4th. The committee hereby covenant, agree, and engage to and with the corporation, that they shall never claim a right or power to break on the capi- tal whence the said thirty pounds are to arise by w^ay of interest, nor shall the committee of the Synod employ it for any other uses than those above specified, upon the pain of having it withheld or employed by the corporation in conjunc- tion with the committee ; but if it be found necessary in the judgment of this corporation to employ the whole capital, which is considered by this board as equal to six hundred pounds, or any part thereof in the support of the widows' fund, it is hereby agreed to use it for that purpose ; and if a part of it be so employed, the committee of the Synod shall have the disposal of the interest of the sum remaining at five per cent., clear of all deductions. The committee and corporation are by this agreement bound, never to touch said capital of six hun- dred pounds, but only and in such case, as the annuities due from the corpora- tion cannot be paid without breaking on the capital as is stipulated in the thirteenth article of the agreement made between the contributors and this cor- poration. And it is hereby stipulated that this agreement shall prevent and put an end to all debates between this corporation and the committee of the Synod, respecting the money entrusted to our care by the General Assembly of the Church of Scotland. " Signed in behalf of the corporation by their president, secretary, and trea- surer, viz : John Ewing, Francis Alison, William Humphreys." Adjourned till the third Wednesday in May next, to meet at ten o'clock in the second Presbyterian church in Philadelphia. Concluded with prayer. 1772. Philadelphia, May 20t7i, 1772. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment. Vhi post preces sederunt From the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. John Roan, John Strain, James Hunt, Robert Cooper. From the Presbytery of Lewestown : The Rev, John Miller, Matthew Wil- son, Alexander Huston. 42-i MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1772. From Xew Castle Presbytery: The Rev. Robert Smith, William McKennan, Joseph Moutgomery, Joseph Smith, James Fiuley, William Foster, Josiah Lewis. From the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Richard Treat, James Sproat, John Brainerd, Andrew Hunter, James Boyd, Enoch Green, James Watt. From the second Philadelphia Presbytery: The Rev. Dr. Alison, John Ewing, John Sinionton. From the New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rct. William Tennent, Elihu Spencer, John Rosborough. From the New York Presbytery : The Rev. Azariah Ilortnn, Timothy Jones, Jonathan Elmer, Alexander McWhortcr, James Caldwell, Joseph Treat, Azel Roe. From the Suffolk Presbytery : The Rev. William Mills. From the Dutchess county Presbytery: The Rev. Chauncey Graham. Elders: Messrs. James Pearse, George Craighead, John Bayard, John Wil- son, William Sterrett, Joseph Wilday, John Johnston, Robert Ogdcn, Aaron Mattison, Ralph Hunt. Ministers absent : Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Samuel Thompson, John Hogg, Amos Thompson, John Slcmmons, James Long, John King, Hugh Vance, George Duffield, John Craighead. Lewcstown Presbytery : The Rev. Jacob Kerr. New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. John Clark, Alexander McDowell, John Carmichael, Sampson Smith, John McCreary, James Latta, John Wood- hull. First Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Nehemiah Greenman, Benjamin Chesnutt, Charles Bcatty, Alexander Mitchell. Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. John Elder, Joseph Tate, John Steel, Patrick Alison, Robert McMordie. New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, Charles ^IcKnight, Thomas Smith, John Guild, James Lyon, Job Prudden, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McClean, Israel Reed, John Hannah. New York Presbytery : The Rev. Simon Horton, Dr. Rodgers, Jacob Green, John Moffatt, Aaron Richards, John Darby, Hugh Knox, Benjamin Hait, Benjamin Woodruff, Thomas Lewis, Nathan Kerr, Abner Brush, Francis Pep- pard, AVilliam Woodhull, Jcdidiah Chapman, Samuel Sacket, Alexander Miller, Oliver Deeming, Jonathan Murdock. Suffolk county Presbytery : The Rev. Ebenezer Prime, Sylvanus White, James Brown, Samuel Buel, Benjamin Talmage, Benjamin Goldsmith, John Clo.se, Elam Potter, Sampson Occum, Joshua Hart. Dutchess county Presbytery : The Rev. Eiisha Kent, Samuel Dunlap, Ben- jamin Strong, Solomon Mead, Eliphalct Ball, AVheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis, Samuel Mills. The whole Presbytery of Hanover. And the whole Presbytery of Orange in North Carolina The Synod was opened l)y a sermon from Luke xvii. 20, by the Rev. Mr. McWhortcr, the last year's moderator being dead. Mr. Jo.scph Treat was chosen moderator, and Messrs. Spencer and Caldwell clerks. The reasons given by Messrs Jones, Joseph Treat, Elmore, Rosborough, Enoch Green, Watt, Finley, Wilson, Houston, Hunt, 31ills, and Graham, for their absence last year, were sustained. The first Pliiladelphia Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. William Ramsey hath been removed by death, November r)th, 1771. The New Castle Presbytery report, that they have ordained since last Synod, 1772.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 425 Messrs. Thomas Read, James Wilson, James Anderson, -who being present took their seats ; and that they have deposed JMr. John Beard. New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have ordained Mr. "William Schank, and Mr. Jacob Vanarsdalen, since the last Synod, who, being present, took their seats ; also, that they have received the Rev. Mr. Alexander McClean, recommended to them from Scotland. Donegal Presbytery report, that they have ordained since last Synod, Mr. Hugh Vance, and licensed Mr. William Tom. New York Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. John Blair hath been re- moved by death, December 8th, 1771 ; and that they have ordained Mr. Amzi Lewis since the last Synod. Suffolk Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. Nehemiab Barker was removed by death, March the 10th, 1772 ; and that they have ordained Mr. Joshua Hart, and licensed Mr. John Blydenburgh since last Synod. Second Philadelphia Presbytery report, that they have licensed to preach as a candidate, Mr. John McClean. Dutchess County report, they have licensed Mr. David Close to preach as a candidate ; and that the Rev. Mr. John Smith was removed by death, more than a year ago ; and have received the Rev. Mr. Benjamin Strong, from the Western Association of Fairfield county. The Rev. Messrs. Israel Read, John Elder, Joseph Tate, and John Craig- head, are now come, and gave sufl&cient reasons for not coming sooner. Also, Mr. Thomas Walter, Mr. Simonton's elder, Mr. Robert Finney, Mr. James Wilson's elder, and Mr. Philip Tanner, Mr. Finley's elder, are now come. Messrs. John Roan, Huston, Foster, Sproat, Tate, Vanarsdalen, Elmer, Mills, and Graham, ministers, Messrs. Philip Tanner, Mattison, George Craighead, and Finney, elders, are appointed the committee of overtures, to meet here to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, and as often afterwards, by ad- journment, as may be necessary. Messrs. Matthew Wilson and Montgomery are appointed a committee to examine the Presbytery book of Donegal. Messrs. Ewing and Sproat to examine the book of the Lewestown Pres- bytery. Messrs. McWhorter and Robert Smith to examine the book of the first Phi- ladelphia Presbytery. Messrs. Strain and Roe to examine the book of the second Philadelphia Presbytery. The books of the other Presbyteries are not brought to Synod. The Synod appoint as their commission for the ensuing year the Rev. Messrs. Richard Treat, James Sproat, Dr. Alison, John Ewing, Elihu Spen- cer, William Tennent, Dr. Rodgers, Alexander IMcWhorter, William Mills, John Close, Solomon Mead, Ichabod Lewis, Robert Smith, Joseph Montgo- mery, Matthew Wilson, John Miller, George Duffield, John Roan, with the moderator, and Robert Ogden, John Bayard, John Johnson, Aaron Mattison, elders, thirteen of whom to be a quorum ; but if the moderator should die, or be absent, the first in order in the minute shall have power to call the commis- sion and preside. The Presbyteries of New Brunswick and Suffolk report, they have complied with the order of last Synod by endeavouring to execute the plan of the lay elders, &c. The committee appointed to dispose of money in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey College, for the education of pious youth, report, that they met and disposed of all the money due October last, except thirteen pounds. Messrs. James Finley, Sampson Smith, Schank, Elam Potter, John Mc- 54 4-2C MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1772. Crcarv, fnlfilleil their appointments for supplies. Mr. Joseph Smith was sick, and could not fulfil his. Incjuiry was made how far the several Presbyteries executed the plan recom- mended to them last year for raising money to edueate pious youth for the ministry; and it appeared some Presbyteries had complied with the recommen- dation, and others had not. It is again earnestly recommended to the several Presbyteries to take the most convenient and expeditious methods to raise mo- ney fur the purposes aforesaid, and be ready to render an account to the next Synod what they have done. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 21st f^oi/, nine o^ clock A. M. The Sijnod met according to adjournment. Post prcces sederunt qui supra. (With the Rev. Messrs. George Duffield, Patrick Alison, Jeremiah ITalsey, John Hannah, Thomas Smith, John WoodhuU : and John Boyd, William Clint'an, AVilliam Patterson, James Lindsay, David AVatson, elders.) The Presbytery book of New Brunswick is brought in, Messrs. Jones and Elmer are appointed to examine it. Messrs. Duffield, Thomas Smith, and Ilannah, their reasons for absence the two last years sustained. Mr. llalsey is now come, and his reason for not coming sooner is sus- tained. The Synod appoint as a committee for the present year to dispose of the money in the hands of the treasurer of New Jersey College, for the education of pious youth, the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, the Rev. Messrs. William Ten- nent, John Guild, Ewing, Elihu Spencer, James Caldwell, Jeremiah llalsey, and Israel Reed, to attend at New Jersey College the third Wednesday of August next. The Synod taking into their serious consideration the low state of vital and practical religion, the great prevalence of vice and infidelity in this land in general, and the manifold dispensations of Divine Providence which appear at this time, loudly to call for her deep repentance and humiliation before God, do recommend it in the most earnest manner to every Presbytery under their care, to oKserve the first Thursday in August next, as a day of public fasting and prayer, excepting such Presbyteries, or congregations, as may find an in- convenience in observing that day, in which case it is recommended that they appoint another day for the same purpose, as they judge convenient, hoj)ing that a gracious God may hear the united supplications of his people, and return again to visit this land with his fatherly blessings. And the Synod for the future recommend to their several Presbyteries to ar. Kodgers, Messrs. Me'NVhorter, Joseph Treat, "William jMills, Caldwell, and llalsoy, who are to meet the sixteenth of June at Elizabeth- town. Mr. Sproat is appointed stated clerk to the Synod, to transcribe the minutes and preserve the papers belonging to it, who is ordered to give i)roi)er certifi- cates to those appointed upon distant missions. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of May next, to meet in the fiist Pres- byterian church in this city, at ten o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1773. PUhxdcljihm, May l^tli, 1773. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sederunt From the Dutchess county Presbytery : The Rev. Ichabod Lewis. From the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Azariah Horton, Alexander IMcWhorter, James Caldwell, Joseph Treat, Aaron Ilichards, Benjamin Halt, Jonathan Murdock, Dr. Kodgers. From the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Eev. Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah Ilalsey, William Schanck, Jacob A'anarsdalen, and Dr. Witherspoon. From the first Philadelphia I'rcsbytery : The Bev. Richard Treat, James Sproat, John Braiuerd, Andrew Hunter, James Boyd, James Watt, Benjamin Chesnutt, Alexander Mitchell. From the second Philadelphia Presbytery: Dr. Alison, and the Rev. John Ewing, John Simonton, John Elder, Joseph Tate, and Patrick Alison. From the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Joseph Montgomery, William Foster, James Wilson, James Anderson, Samuel Eakin, John Carmichael, James Latta. From the Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. John I\Iillcr. From the Donegal Pret-bytery : The Rev. John Roan, John Strain, John Craighead, Hugh Vance, Robert Cooper, John King. Elders : Me.>rcccs sederunt qui supra. It was uiovcd by Pr. Rodgers, and seconded by others, that the operation of the above overture should be suspended till next year; which, being opposed, the consideration of the motion is deferred till Thursdaj' morning. The second Philadelphia Presbytery referred to the Synod the appeal of Mr. Alexander Alexander from a judgment of the session of the third Presby- terian congregation in this city, which is agreed shall be considered to-morrow afternoon. A complaint was brought in by the Rev. Mr. Ceorge Duffield against the second IMiiladelphia Presbytery, that they had by one of their members ob- structed his entrance into a church in this city under their care, to which he had accepted a call, and had also refused to receive him as a member, although he was dismissed from, and recommended by, the Presbytery of Donegal, which was read. The minutes of the second Philadelphia Presbytery with respect to the complaint of Mr. Duffield were also read, a.ssigning the reasons of their con- duct. A petition and remonstrance from the incorporated committee of the Pres- byterian churches in INIarket and Pine streets in this city, was also brought in and read, setting forth that Mr. I)ufEeld, by the assistance of a part of the congregation of Pine street, had taken forcible possession of their church in Pine street, on the twenty-seventh day of September last, and praying we would take proper care to afford them such relief as the nature of the case required from us. The address and representation of the committee of the third Presbyterian church in Pine street in this city, was brought in and read, stating their con- duct in obtaining and introducing Mr. Duffield into the church. After the Presbytery had stated the case and the reason of their conduct, Mr. Duffield was fully heard, and the Presbytery replied. The parties being fully heard were ordered to withdraw, and the Synod agreed to proceed to judg- ment in the afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer, Tliree o'chcJc, P. M. The Synod met accordimj to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui suj)ra. Ordered, To proceed agreeably to the agreement of the forenoon, to form a judgment in the cause depending between Mr. Duffield and the second Phila- delphia l*resbytcry. And after having maturely considered this matter, the Synod judge that iMr. Duffield had just cause of con)plaint against tiic conduct and judgment of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, who ought to have ad- mitted him to membership with them and allowed him a fair trial, wherefore we now declare him to be minister of the I'ine street or third Presbyterian congregation in this city, and order, that he be j)ut upon the list of the afore- said Pre.«liytery. JSIr. Sciiank a.sked leave to go home. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 2(ith day, nine (tcJixlc, the Synod met according to adjournment, l^ust j^recrs seilerunt qui supra. (With tlin Rev. Mr. John Woodhull, who gave sufficient reason for not coming Booucr; and also the Hun. Richard Stockton, Dr. Witherspoon'a elder.) 1773.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 447 A request from Lewestown Presbytery was presented, that the Rev. Mr. Thomas Reed, the Rev. Mr. Josiah Lewis, and Mr. Thomas Smith, a candidate under the care of New Castle Presbytery, should be set off from New Castle Presbytery and annexed to them. The Synod, after considering the matter, concluded only to set off Mr. Josiah Lewis for the present, who is hereby dis- missed from the New Castle Presbytery, and joined to them. A petition and remonstrance from the incorporated committee of the Pres- byterian churches of Market and Pine streets in this city, was brought in and read, alleging that the Rev. Mr. George Duffield had taken possession of their church in Pine street in a violent manner, and praying he might be prohibited by this Synod from persisting in his conduct, and dismissed from their church. Mr. George Bryan appeared and informed the Synod, in the name of the corporation, that they withdrew their cause from our bar for reasons which he mentioned, and was directed to deliver to us in writing. The committee appointed to converse with Mr. Stuart, report, that they had done so at considerable length, and were fully satisfied with the testimonials produced with respect to his character and morals, and well pleased with the modesty and candour of his conversation, but that they did not find his views as to the ministry or employment in future life so fixed as that it could be of any importance to us or unto himself to join with this Synod under the char- acter of a minister, nor did he himself desire it, so withdrew his request. An appeal was brought in by several members of the second Presbyterian congregation in this city, from a judgment of the first Philadelphia Presbytery, confirming the judgment of the session of the second Presbyterian church, with respect to the introduction of Dr. Watts's imitation of the psalms into pub- lic worship ; and as the moderator was a member of the Presbytery from whose judgment they appealed, he left the chair, and Mr. Joseph Treat took his place. The case was stated, the minutes of Presbytery read, and the parties fully heard and withdrew. The Sj'nod, after considering the matter, declare that with respect to the judgment of the Presbyter}'^, although it appears to be drawn up with great caution and tenderness, yet they do not think it proper finally to judge and decide upon it at present, but appoint Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Mr. Strain, and Mr. McWhorter, a committee to converse with the parties in the congregation, who differ about psalmody, and make report to the Synod to-morrow afternoon. Adjourned till three o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Tliree o'clock, P. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post * preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, To hear the reference by the second Philadelphia Presbytery of Mr. Alexander Alexander's appeal from the judgment of the session of the third Presbyterian church in this city. After stating the cause and reading the judgment of the session and the ap- peal, both parties were fully heard. And the Synod finding, that as the ses- sion had not a minister of the word to preside through the course of the trial, and that a minister was the accuser of the appellant, it was judged it was at least inexpedient to proceed to trial, and upon the whole we think it best, and do remit the matter back to the Presbytery, to be heard and judged of by them de novo. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at eight o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 448 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1773. 2T//i '^<'.'/) ci(jlit o\'Ioc7:, the Si/nod met according to aJJournmenf. Post j^fcces sederunt (jui siiju'ct. The order of the morning being called for, Dr. Rodgcrs withdrew the motion made by him on Tuesday last, and another member moved in the following words : " Whereas many brethren arc dissatisfied with the act of Synod respect- ing the non-admission of ministers and candidates into our Presbyteries from foreign parts, it is proposed, that the Presbytery to which any such gentlemen may oifor themselves, may be allowed, if they see their way clear, to eniploy them in their vacancies, but that they be not admitted to full membership until the next Synod, when their testimonials and recommendations shall be laid be- fore the Synod." AVhich being considered was agreed to by the Synod, and is to regulate the conduct of the Presbyteries, notwithstanding the overture pro- posed and voted on i\louday last. A petition from the Presbyterian congregation in Pine street in this city, was brouglit in, praying to be taken from under the care of the second Phila- delphia Presbytery, and put under some other. Mr. Dufficld, the minister of said congregation, being present, and requesting for himself to be annexed to the first Philadelj)hia Presbytery; the Synod do grant their requests, and set off Mr. Dufiield, and the congregation aforesaid, from the Presbytery to which they now belong, and annex him to and put them under the care of the first Philadelphia Presbytery. The Presbytery books of New Castle, the first and second Philadelphia Pres- byteries, and of New Brunswick, were brought in and approved. Applications were presented for supplies from the Jlawfields and Eno in North Carolina, and from St. Paul's parish in (Jeorgia; in answer to which we appoint Mr. John Simpson and jMr. Caleb AVallace, candidates, to supply in the former places as much as they conveniently can before next Synod ; and Mr. Wallace from thence to visit St. I'aul's parish in Georgia, and preach there some time, and the remainder of their time in the other vacancies in the southern provinces. As the Presbytery of New Castle have sundry candidates under their care, some of whom probably can take appointments to the southern provinces, the Presbytery are desired to consider this matter as soon as possible, ami send such and as many as they find expedient. The moderator is appointed to give proper recommendations to those who go on those missions. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'elock, P. M. The Sijnod met accordiiKj to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee appointed to converse with the parties in the second Pres- byterian church in this city, differing about psalmody, report, that they have taken opportunities of conversing with both parties, so far as the time and cir- cumstances would permit, and that they do not think the Synod should directly judge of the merits of the appeal, so as to affirm or disapprove the sc^veral distinct propositions laid down by the I'resbytery in thcMr judgment; but as there is not now time to consider fully the different versions of the jtsalms in question, and there are minutes of Synod formerly, which countenance congre- gations in determining this matter according to their own dioice, they cannot make any order to forbid the congregation to continue the practice now begun. Whicli being considered was approved, and the Synod on this occasion tiiink proper earnestly to recommend to both parties peace and harmony, and to for- bear all harsh sentiments and expressions, and in particular that neither of 1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 449 them intimate that either of the versions in question is unfit to be sung in Christian worship. Mr. George Bryan, by the hands of the janitor, delivered into the Synod a paper containing the reasons of the corporation's withdrawing their petition and remonstrance, which are as follows : " The complainants, after opening in a general manner the matters they could have proved, in order to enforce the prayer of their remonstrance before the Reverend Synod, do say we purposed to have gone fully into these matters, but from what passed here yesterday it appears to us that many of the members, without having then entered on our complaint, though upon the eve and in full prospect of so doing, have declared themselves very fully as to the irregularities and violences imputed to the Rev. Mr. Duffield and some of his adherents, and that Mr. Duffield hath been established, as far as the Synod can do it, pastor of Pine street church, against the very prayer of our supplication. Whilst our complaint is thus manifestly prejudged, we cannot but observe that ridicule is set up by some of the members as the test of truth, and characters wantonly attacked in a manner unbecoming the gentleman and the Christian. What then have we to do but to retire from your bar ?" After much conversation and great deliberation, it is overtured, that as George Bryan, Esq. and William Miller, in the name of the incorporated committee, presented a petition and remonstrance, charging Mr. Duffield with sundry high crimes and misdemeanors, and praying that he might be removed from the pulpit and church in Pine street ; but some time after those gentlemen with- drew their said petition, and assigned their reasons therefor, which are ordered to be recorded on our minutes, the Synod therefore finding no accusers, do acquit him, the said Mr. Duffield, from all charges contained iu the aforesaid petition and remonstrance. Application was made from the two Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange, that every Presbytery to the eastward, should transmit to them with all con- venient speed, the suspension or deposition of any member or candidate from their bodies, to prevent the Presbyteries aforesaid being imposed upon by such persons. The Synod cheerfully comply with their request, and order the Presbyteries to regulate themselves accordingly. Adjourned to meet at Philadelphia the third Wednesday in May next, at tea o'clock, at the second Presbyterian church. Concluded with prayer. 1774. Philadelphia, 3Iay IStJi, 1774. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment. TJhi post preces sederunt Of the Presbytery of Lewestown : The Rev. John Miller. Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev John Todd. Of Orange Presbytery : The Rev. David Caldwell and Hezekiah Balch. Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Cooper and John Sleramons Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Robert Smith, William McKennan, William Forster, John Clark, John Carmichael, Thomas Read, James Wilson, James Anderson, and John Woodhull. Of first Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Richard Treat, James Sproat, Andrew Hunter, James Boyd, George Duffield, Benjamin Chesnutt, Alexander Mitchell, and Samuel Eakin. Of second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Patrick Alison. 57 450 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [ITTt. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. "William Tennent, Israel Reed, John liosborough, and William Schanck. Of New York Presbytery: The llcv. Azariah Ilorton, Alexander MeWhor- ter, James Caldwell, Jedidiah Chapman, and Alexander Miller. Elders: Messrs. Joseph Cowan, (Jeorge Curry, James Ewinff, Thomas Hope, Francis Alexander, John McCalla, Daniel Clark, and John Walker. Absent : Of the Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Matthew AVilson, Jacob Kerr, Alexander Huston, and Josiah Lewis. Of Hanover Presbytery ; The Rev. James Waddell, Richard Zanch}-, David Rice, Samuel Leake, William Ervin, John Rrown, and Charles Cummings. Of Orange Presbytery : The Rev. Hugh McAden, Henry Patillo, Jo.eoph Alexander, Hezckiah James Baleh, John Harris, James Creswell, James Camp- bell, John Simpson, Thomas Ree.se, and James Edmond. Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Hugh Vance, John King, John Craig- head, John Strain, James Lang, Amos Thompson, Joseph Rhea, Samuel Thomp- son, James Hunt, John Roan, and John Hogg. Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Alexander McDowell, James Finley, James Latta, Joseph Montgomery, Joseph Smith, John McCrcary, and Thomas Smith. Of Philadelphia first Presbytery: The Rev. Nehemiah Grcenman, Enoch Green, John Brainerd, James Watt, and William HoUingshead. Of Philadelphia second Presbytery : The Rev. Francis Alison, John Ewing, John Simon ton, Joseph Tate, John Elder, John Steel, Robert McMordie, and Robert Davidson. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Charles McKnight, Thomas Smith, Jacob Van Artsdalen, Dr. John Witherspoon, John Guild, Elihu Spencer, Samuel Kennedy, Jeremiah HaLsey, John Hannah, Francis Peppard, Job Prud- den, and James Lyon. Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. John Rodgcrs, Joseph Treat, Jacob Green, Timothy Jones, Thomas Lewis, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin Ilait, Aaron Richards, Benjamin AVoodruff, Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, Amzi Lewis, Samuel Sacket, John Close, Andrew Bay, Hugh Knox, Simon Ilorton, John Moffat, Abner Brush, and William Woodhull. The whole Presbytery of Suffolk and Dutchess county. The Rev. Mr. Sproat, the moderator, opened the Synod with a sermon, from 1 Cor. i. 23, 24. Mr. Robert Smith was chosen moderator, Mr. Duffield and Mr Forstcr were chosen clerks. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clocky P. M. The Sj/nod met according to adjournment. Post prcces sederunt qui siq)ra. (With the Rev. Messrs. James Latta, David CaMwell, Jacob Vanarsdalen, James Finley, Dr. John Rodgcrs, and Messrs. Anthony Tate and Robert Evans, ciders.) The reasons of the Rev. Messrs. Tennent, Clark, Rosborough, Israel Reed, and McKennan, for their absence from Synod last year, were sustained ; as were also th(»se of the Rev. Messrs. Todd, He/A-kiah Baleh, and J)avid Cahlwell, for their aksence from several former meetings of Synod. Donegal IVesbytery report, tliat they have licensed Mr. John Black, and sus- pended the Rev. Robert Hugliey since the last meeting of Synod; and that the Kev. William Thom was removed by death some time in last August. Now Castle Presbytery report, that they have suspended the Rev. Sampson 1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 451 Smith since our last, and ordained Mr. Thomas Smith to the work of the ministry. The first Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr. William Hollinshead to the work of the ministry since our last, who being pre- sent took his seat. The second Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordain.ed Mr. Robert Davison to the work of the ministry since our last, who being present took his seat accordingly. New Brunswick Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. Moses Allen, Oliver Reese, and John De Bow, and dismissed Mr. John Simpson, a licensed candidate, to Orange Presbytery. New York Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. Matthias Bur- net, Joseph Periam, and Samuel McCorkle; and received the Rev. Andrew Bay from New Castle Presbytery, and the Rev. John Close from Suffolk Presby- tery, and Mr. Joseph Grover, a licensed candidate, from New England ; and dismissed the Rev Jonathan Murdoch to Connecticut, in consequence of a call to him from a congregation there, and that the Rev. Oliver Deeming has been removed by death since our last. We are informed that the Rev. William Mills, a member of Suffolk Presbytery, was removed by death the 18th of last March. Orange Presbytery report, that they have received the Rev. John Harris from Lewestown Presbytery, the Rev. James Campbell from the South Pres- bytery, and the Rev. James Edmonds ; and have licensed and ordained to the work of the ministry, Mr. Thomas Reese, and have also ordained Mr. John Simpson. Hanover Presbytery report, that they have licensed Messrs. Caleb Wallace, and Samuel Edmiston, and suspended the Rev. Alexander Miller ', and that the Rev. Messrs. Black and Campbell are removed by death, and the Rev. Mr. Craig also, in last April. The Rev. Messrs. John Miller, Todd, David Caldwell, Cooper, Chesnutt, Mitchell, Patrick Alison, Israel Reed, Azariah Horton, Alexander Miller, Latta, and John WoodhuU ; with Messrs. McCalla, Clark, Cowan, Currj^, and Ewing, elders, are appointed a committee of overtures to meet here to-morrow morn- ing, at six o'clock, and by adjournment afterwards as often as occasion may require. Messrs. Hunter and Boyd are appointed a committee to examine the Orange Presbytery book. IMessrs. McWhorter and Alexander Miller, to examine Donegal Ptesbytery book. Messrs. John Miller and James Caldwell, to examine New Castle Presbytery book. IMessrs. Israel Reed and Chapman, to examine the first Philadelphia Presby- tery book. Messrs. Cowper and Foster, to examine the New York Presbytery book. The Presbyteries of Donegal and New Castle have in some measure complied with the recommendation of the last Synod, for raising money to assist in the education of pious young men for the ministry, who are unable to support them- selves ; Lewestown, and the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, have not ; neither have Hanover nor Orange Presbyteries, the two latter not having received timely notice of the recommendation. The Synod recommend it to those Presbyteries that have been deficient in the above, to proceed in that matter as soon as possible, and to the other Presbyte- ries to continue in prosecuting the pious design. The committee appointed to dispose of the money in the hands of the trea- surer of the College of New Jersey, for the education of poor and pious youth, 452 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774. report, that they met aeconling to appointment, and disposed of the money in hand last year. And the Synod appoint as a eoniniittee to di.spose of such mo- ney as shall be due October next, the Kev. Dr. Witherspoon, the llev. Messrs. Tennent, Guild, Spencer, James Caldwell, Halsey, Kichard Treat, Israel Reed, and 3IcWhorter, any three of whom to be a (luoruni, to attend at New Jersey College the third Wednesday of August next. The committees appointed last Synod to purchase books and distribute them among the poor on the frontiers, report, that they have complied with the order, and disposed of the whole of the sum allowed at New York, and the whole also of the sum allowed at I'hiladelphia, except one pound seven shillings and eight pence, but as the committee at Philadelphia have not yet received au account of any distribution made by the persons to whose care they have committed them on the frontiers, the Synod direct them to inquire as soon as possible into that matter, and use their best endeavours to have said distri- bution made, (if not already done,) and procure what information they can of the success attending said distribution, and make report at next meeting of Synod. Dr. Rodgers has remitted the money ordered for the inhabitants of Saba, as appointed. The first Philadelphia Presbytery, and that of New Castle, have complied with the order of last Synod respecting the collections for New Jersey Col- lege. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. May 19/^, nine o^ clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sedemnt qui supra. (Together with the Rev. Messrs. James Finley, Joseph Smith, Thomas Smith, Joseph Tate, and Elihu Spencer, who are now come; and also Messrs. Valen- tine Dushane, and Nathaniel McKinley, elders ; their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The committee appointed to dispose of money in the hands of the corpora- tion of the widows' fund brought in their minutes, which were read and ap- proved. And we appoint the Rev. Messrs. Spencer, Sproat, McWhorter, James Caldwell, and Montgomery, a committee for the same purpose this year, to meet to-morrow morning, at seven o'clock, at Mr. Sproat's, and as often afterwards as occasion may recjuire. Donegal Presbytery, and the other members appointed to meet with them, Mr. Porster excepted, have complied with the order of last Synod respect- ing Mr. Kennedy, and report that they have ordered him to desist from preaching. - Mes.srs. John Simpson and Caleb Wallace are gone to the southern colonies, agreeable to an order of last Synod. The Presbytery of New Castle have complied with the order of last Synod with respect to sending supplies to the southern colonies, as far as their cir- cumstances would admit. It was moved and seconded, and came to be considered, whether a commis- eion of Synod should be appointed and their powers defined; or tlie practice of appointing a commission discontinued, and after reasoning thereon, the Rev. Messrs. Treat, I^r. Rodgers, JMcWhortcir, lluiitor, and John Miller, were ap- pointed a committee to prejtare an overture to be laid before the Synod next Monday morning, ascertaining the powers of the eoninii.ssion in case it should be continued. Adjourned to three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with i)rayer. 1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 453 Three o'cloclc, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post prcces sederunt qui supra. (Together with the Rev. Messrs. John Steel, John Elder, Dr. Witherspoon, James Long, and Jeremiah Halsey, who are now come ; their reasons for not coming sooner, sustained; as those of the Rev. Messrs. Steel and Elder, for their absence last year.) A letter from the Rev. Stephen Johnson, of Lyme, in Connecticut, was laid before the Synod, informing of a sum of money bequeathed by his son, the Rev. Diodati Johnson, to be disposed of by this Synod for the purpose of pro- pagating the gospel in the southern colonies, and requesting that some person might be appointed to receive the same. •The Synod appoint the Rev. Dr. Rodgers to receive the above, and give a proper receipt and discharge for the same, and transmit it when obtained into the hand of the Synodical treasurer as soon as convenient. A letter from the Rev. Mr. Brainerd was brought in and read, informing of the Indian school having been kept up in the same manner it was last year, and of his labours, and prospects of success, amongst the vacancies in those parts; which, being taken into consideration, the Synod allow Mr. Brainerd for his services there, the eighteen pounds interest money in the hands of the trustees of New Jersey College for an Indian mission, and the additional sum of twenty-five pounds, to be paid out of the money in the hand of the Synodi- cal treasurer, which sum the treasurer is directed to pay to Mr. Brainerd or his order. The Synod agree to print an account of the money collected in consequence of the Synodical order the year before last, together with a list of the members of Synod, and the congregations and vacancies under our care, and in order thereto direct the respective Presbyterial treasurers to furnish the Synodical treasurer with proper lists of their members, and the congregations and vacan- cies within their bounds. Dr. Rodgers laid before the Synod a letter from the Synod of North Hol- land, which was read ; and Dr. Rodgers and Mr. McWhorter are appointed a committee to prepare a* draught of an answer to the above letter, to be brought in next Monday morning. The minutes of last General Convention were bi-ought in by Dr. Rodgers, their stated register, and read ; and as the next Convention is to meet at Eliza- beth town, the third Wednesday of September, at three o'clock, P. M. we ap- point the Rev. Messrs. Dr. Francis Alison, Dr. John Witherspoon, Dr. John Rodgers, Richard Treat, William Tennent, James Sproat, Jacob Grreen, An- drew Hunter, Benjamin Chesnutt, Israel Reed, Elihu Spencer, John Miller, Benjamin Hait, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, John Woodhull, Jedidiah Chapman, and George Duffield, to attend there as members of the said convention from this body. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. lOth day, nine o'cloch, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. (Together with the Rev. John Hoge, who is now come ; his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained.) The minutes of the committee of overtures were called for, brought in, and read. Application was made by the Presbytery of New York requesting assist- ance to supply among the many large and growing vacancies on the northern frontier of that province. In consequence of which the Synod appoint Dr. 454 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774. Rodgers, and Mr. Caldwell, or Mr. McWhorter, as missionaries, to supply each of them eight .Sabbaths among those vacancies, and endeavour as far as their time will admit, to form them into regular congregations. And the Sy- nod order the Presbyteries of New York and New Brunswick to supply the congregations of those gentlemen who go on this mission, in the following manner, viz. the congregation of New York in ])r. Rodgers' aksence to be supplied, the third Sabbath in June by 3Ir. Bay; the fourth, Mr. lloe ; the first in July, Mr. McWhorter ; the second, Mr. Woodruff; the third, Dr. Witherspoon; the fourth, Mr. Spencer; the fifth, Mr. Ilait; the first in Au- gust, Mr. Jones; the second, Mr. Richards. Elizabethtown to be supplied in the absence of Mr. Caldwell, or Newark in the absence of Mr. ^IcWhorter, the third Sabbath in June by Mr. Vanarsdalen ; the fourth, Mr. Tennent ; the first in July, Mr. Schenck ; the second, Mr. Reed; the fourth, Mr. Chapman; the fifth, Mr. Azariah Hortou; the first in August, Mr. Elmer; the second, Mr. Green. A reference was brought in from the Presbytery of New York, praying the advice of the Synod, whether the congregation of Jamaica, on Long Island, whose late minister, the Rev. Mr. Mills, belonged to the Presbytery of Suffolk, may be taken under their care, as they formerly were, and had never been dismissed. The Synod allow that the above congregation be taken under the care of the Presbytery of New Y^'ork. A petition from the Jersey settlement on the Mohawk river, about seventy miles above Albany, was brought in and read, praying to be taken under the care of the Synod, and to have some ministers sent among them supported by the money in the hand of the Synod. A petition was brought in and read from the united congregations of Timber Ridge and Hall's Meeting-hou.se, in Virginia, representing the destitute condi- tion of the church in those parts, and earnestly requesting some supplies to be sent them, and especially by candidates who may be likely to settle in those parts. A petition from Cathey's settlement, in North Carolina, praying for supplies, was brought in and read, together with which, application was made by the llcv. Mr. David Caldwell in behalf of many large and growing vacancies in the bounds of Orange Presbytery, praying that supplies be sent them from the Synod. Application was made by the Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper and James Fin- ley in behalf of the numerous and increasing vacancies on the extensive west- ern frontier of Pennsylvania, praying that supplies may be afforded them by the Synod, and that such as may be sent endeavour to form them into congre- gations as far as they conveniently can. A letter wa.s brought in by the Rev. Dr. Rodgers from the Rev. Mr. Ilcnry Patillo, of Orange I'resbytery, representing that great numbers of the inhabi- tants of the counties of (Uiowan, I'cniuinions, Pasquotank, and (\irrituck, in the lower parts of North Carolina, are earnestly desirous of suj)plies being sent them from this Synod, and praying that a minister may be sent to them with a view to settlement. A petition was brought in and read from the liald Eagle settlement up the west branch of Su.squehanna, earnestly praying for supplies to be sent to those parts. Application was made by the Rev. Mr. John Todd in ]»ehalf of the numerous vacancies within the bounds of Hanover I'resbytery, and jiraying for supplies from the Synod. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 455 Three o'clock^ P. 31. The St/nod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederurit qui s^ipra. Together with the Rev. Dr. Francis Alison, the Rev. Messrs. John King and James Long, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The order of this afternoon being called for, an overture was brought in by the Rev. 3Ir. Tate, requesting a review of the act of last year respect- ing the manner of receiving ministers from Europe, and a consideration of the power by which the Synod makes such acts to restrain Presbyteries from act- ing according to the best of their judgment "in things that before these acts were allowed to be lawful and not forbidden by the word of God," was taken into consideration, and the Synod agree to review the said act, and after much reasoning on the case, it was carried by a considerable majority to reverse said act. The Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, Messrs. Spencer, Hunter, Slemmons, Mitchell, Duffield, and Balch, dissent from the above judgment, and request liberty to bring in their reasons and have them entered on record, which is granted. Dr. Rodgers and the Rev. Messrs. Treat and McWhorter are appointed a committee to prepare an overture of an act or regulation, to be substituted in the place of the act reversed by the vote now passed, to be brought in to- morrow morning. Mr. David Caldwell and Mr. Carmichael had liberty of absence till Mon- day. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. list day, nine o^ clock, A. M. the Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Together with the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Montgomery and Matthew Wilson, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. A supplication was brought in and read from the congregation of Reedy Creek and Upper Creek meeting-houses, on the heads of the Catawba waters, repre-- senting their destitute condition, and requesting a minister to be sent them who may be likely to settle among them. The committee appointed yesterday to prepare an overture of an act or regu- lation respecting the admission of ministers and candidates from foreign parts, brought in a draught, which, being read a first and second time, and amended, was unanimously approved, and is as follows, viz : " Whereas, it is of the highest importance to the interest of the Redeemer's kingdom that the greatest care be observed by church judicatures to maintain orthodoxy in doctrine, and purity in practice, in all their members, this Synod, in addition to the agreement upon this head of the year 1764, and further ex- plained in the year 1765, do most earnestly recommend it to all their Presbyte- ries to be very strict and careful respecting these matters, especially in examin- ing the certificates and testimonials of ministers or probationers who come from foreign churches ; and that they be very cautious about receiving them, unless the authenticity of their certificates and testimonials be supported by private letters, or other credible and sufiicient evidence ; and in order more effectually to preserve this Synod, our Presbyteries, and congregations from imposition and abuse, every year when any Presbytery may report that they have received any ministers or probationers from foreign churches, that Presbytery shall lay be- fore the Synod the testimonials, and all other certificates upon which they re- ceived such ministers or probationers, for the satisfaction of the Synod, before such foreign ministers or probationers shall be enrolled as members of our body ; 456 MINUTES OF THE SrNOD OP [1774. and if the Synod shall find the said testimonials false or insufBeicnt, the whole proceedings had by the Presbytery in the admission shall be held to be void ; and the I'rcsbytery shall not from that time receive or acknowledge him as a juember of this body, or in ministerial communion with us. And, on the other hand, whensoever any gentlemen from abroad shall come duly recommended, as above, we will gladly receive them as brethren, and give them every encour- agement in our power." An appeal from a judgment of New Castle Presbytery respecting a call to the llev. Joseph Smith, was brought in. The consideration of this affair de- ferred till next Tuesday morning. A representation from the Rev. Dr. Ezra Stiles and the Rev. Samuel Hop- kins, respecting the sending two natives of Africa on a mission to propagate Christianity in their native country, and a request that the Synod would coun- tenance this undertaking by their approbation of it, was brought in and read. The consideration of the above deferred. The appeal of a certain Joseph Zury from a judgment of the Presbytery of New Castle was brought in and read, as also the minutes of the Presbytery and Session respecting that affair, by which it appears that the said Joseph Zury had been charged with the crime of fornication ; in judging of which matter the Presbytery found themselves under some difficulty to determine clearly on the one side or the other ; the Synod after duly considering the affair, unani- mously agree, that said charge, as circumstanced, ought not to prevent said Zury from sealing ordinances, and do therefore declare him acquitted. The Synod appoint Mr. Treat, Mr. McWhorter and Mr. Foster a commit- tee to prepare the list for printing which was to have been done by Dr. With- erspoou. A query was brought in, about Mr. McGill, labouring in the ministry within the bounds of the second Philadelphia Presbytery, especially in one of the con- gregations under their care, and has assisted one of their members in the ad- ministration of the Lord's supper. The Synod remit this affair to the second Philadelphia Presbytery, and di- rect them to send one of their members to preach on a Sabbath in that congre- gation where 3Ir. McGill has been preaching, as above, and read to them the minute of the Synod last year respecting that gentleman, and warn them not to encourage him among them whilst matters remain in their present situation. And the Synod further order the said Presbytery to be careful that none of their members encourage him in the question of the ministerial office. Doctor Witherspoon had liberty of ab.sence till Tuesday afternoon, Mr. Spen- cer till Monday, and Mr. Ilalsey through the remaining part of the present session. Adjourned till three o'clock P. M. next Monday. Concluded with prayer. Monday, May 23c?, three o'clocJc, P. M. The Synod met according/ to adjourn- ment. Post j^reces sederunt qui siipra. Mr. John Thompson, Mr. Montgomery's elder, and Mr. John McCalmont, Mr. McKennan's elder, are now come. The representation and refjuest relative to sending negro missionaries to Africa, wa.s taken into consideration, in conse(iuence of wliich the subject of negro .'■la- very came to be considered, and after miuh reasoning on the matter I'r. Rod- gcrs, Messrs. John Miller, (Jaldwcll, and Montgomery, were apjiointed a com- mittee to bring in an overture on this subject on Wednesday morning. The consideration of the overture brought in by Mr. Tate, viz : respecting " The power by which the Synod makes such acts to restrain Presbyteries from 1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 45T acting to the best of their judgment in things, that before these acts, were allowed to be lawful, and not forbidden by the word of God," is deferred to next Synod. The call for the overture respecting a commission of Synod, is deferred till Wednesday morning. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. lAili day, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Andrew Bryan, Mr. Reed's elder, and "William Walker, ]Mr. Woodhull's elder, are now come. David Scott, in his own name, and in the name of the inhabitants of the Great Cove, request the Synod to consider their destitute state, as separated so far from any neighbouring congregation that they cannot there conveniently at- tend divine worship, and that their number is so small, that they are not able sufficiently to pay ministers that supply them, especially young men who have no congregations, for their trouble ; he therefore humbly requests the reverend Synod to allow something out of their fund to such ministers as are sent to supply them, and that orders be given to some of the neighbouring ministers to administer the sacrament of the Lord's Supper among them some time conve- nient before winter. The Synod having considered his request, recommend it to the Presbytery of Donegal seasonably to administer the sacrament in the Great Cove, and afford them as many supplies as they conveniently can j and the Synod agree to allow a reasonable compensation to such ministers or proba- tioners as may be sent on these services. The order of the morning being called for, the appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery of New Castle respecting a call to the Rev. Joseph Smith, was taken into consideration, and after the parties were heard in part, Adjourned till three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three dcloch, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. (With Mr. Witherspoon who is now returned.) Ordered, To proceed in the affair of the appeal entered on in the forenoon ; and after the parties were further heard. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Ibih day, nine o'clocJc, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Ordered, To proceed in the appeal entered upon yesterday. The parties being fully heard and ordered to withdraw, the Synod proceeded to consider the affair, and after reasoning on the case. Dr. Rodgers, Messrs. Spencer, John Miller, McWhorter, and Patrick Alison, were appointed a com- mittee to converse with the commissioners from Wilmington on both sides of the question, together with Mr. McKennan, and Mr. Smith ; and endeavour to accommodate matters in such manner as may be most likely to serve the in- terest of the church in those parts. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 58 45# MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774. Three orhvk^ P. M. Tlic Synod met according to adjournment. Postj^reces sedvnint qui stipra. (Kxcopt Mr. Steel and Mr. Biikli, who arc gone home without leave; and Mr. 31cCreary, who being taken sick and obliged to go home, sent the reason of his departure to the Synod, which is sustained.) The coniuiittee appointed to examine the Presbytery books of Orange, Donegal, and New York, brought in the books approved except a few remarks. The remaining minutes of the committee of overtures were called for, brought in and read. A letter was brought in from the Rev. John William Kahls, respecting the study of the Hebrew language and Divinity, which being taken into considera- tion, the Synod expressed their sentiments on the subject, and desired the mo- derator to truui^mit the same to Mr. Kahls. The committee appointed in the forenoon on the "Wilmington affair, report, that they have used their best endeavours to accomplish the end of their ap- pointment, but have not been so happy as to succeed ; wherefore the Synod re- sumed the consideration of the appeal lying before them, and after reasoning, it was moved, that waving the decision of the merits of the appeal and conduct of the Presbytery, the Synod should resolve upon the whole state of the affair laid before them, that Mr. Smith be allowed to accept of the call put into his hand by the Presbytery, and that the call be described by the terms of the second con- gregation in Wilmington united with Brandywine, and that he be appointed to preach in Wilmington one half of his time, and the other half in such place as the Brandywine congregation have proposed to provide on the west side of the creek in the country, with this further instruction, that in case the eastern part of Brandywine congregation shall build another house, and request a propor- tion of his time, he be appointed to divide it among the three, and that ia either case care be taken that the day of preaching in Wilmington do not inter- fere with the day of preaching at 3Ir. McKennan's church, but that they cor- respond together so as to promote the common benefit of all as much as may be ; and the Synod do earnestly recommend to all the members of that Presby- tery to cultivate peace and harmony, and do their utmost to strengthen one an- other's hands in the work of the Lord. The above having been several times read was put to the question, agree or not, and was carried by a great majority — agree, wherefore the Synod did and hereby do appoint accordingly 3 — parties being called in, this was intimated to them. Dr. Rodgers, and his elder, Mr. Kinley, and also Messrs. John Miller, James Boyd, Alexander Miller, and Patrick Ali.son, had liberty to go home. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with j)rayer. 2G/A day, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post prcccs sederunt qui supra. Mr. Valentine Dushanc, Mr. Thomas Smith's elder, being taken sick, was obliged to go home. INIr. Carmichacl having last Friday obtained liberty of absence till Monday, has not since returned. The committee appointed to prepare an overture on the representation from Dr. Stiles and tlic Rev. Samuel Hopkins, and also on the subject of negro sla- very, brought in a draught, the first i)art of which being read and amended, was approved and is as follows : The con.sideration of J)r. Stilcs's and Mr. Hopkins's representation and re- quest resumed. " The Synod is very haj»py to liave an opportunity to express 1774.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 459 their readiness to concur with and assist in a mission to the African tribes, and especially where so many circumstances concur as in the present case, to inti- mate that it is the will of God, and to encourage us to hope for success. AVe assure the gentlemen aforesaid, we are ready to do all that is proper for us in our station for their encouragement and assistance." And it is ordered, that the clerk transmit a copy of this minute to Doctor Stiles. But some difficulties attending the discussion of the second part of that overture, the Synod agree to defer the aifair to our next meeting. A member of the committee appointed to prepare an overture respecting a commission of Synod, brought in a draught, which being read and amended, was put to vote and carried by a large majority, and is as follows : " Whereas, there have arisen doubts in the minds of some members respect- ing the utility and powers of what is called by us the commission, the Synod proceeded to take this matter into consideration, and after due deliberation, in orded to remove any scruples upon this head, and prevent all future difficulties in this matter, do determine that the commission shall continue, and meet when- soever called by the moderator, at the request of the first nine in the roll of the commission, or a major part of the first nine ministers, and when met that it shall be invested with all the powers of Synod to sit by their own adjourn- ments from time to time ; and let it also be duly attended to, that there can lie no appeal from the judgment of the commission, as there can be none from the judgment of the Synod; but there may be a review of their proceedings and judgments by the Synod, and whensoever this is done, those who were members of the commission shall be present and assist in forming all such judgments as the Synod may think proper to make upon any such review." And we do appoint for a commission the ensuing year, Messrs. John Miller, Matthew Wilson, John Todd, David Caldwell, John King, Robert Cooper, Jo- seph Montgomery, James Finley, William Forster, Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, George Duffield, Dr. Francis Alison, Patrick Alison, William Tennent, Elihu Spencer, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter, Azariah Horton, Dr. John Rodgers, James Caldwell, David Rose, Wheeler Case, James Sproat, Ben- jamin Chesnutt, John Simonton, John Brainerd, Israel Reed, Thomas Lewis, with the moderator ; and elders, John Thompson of New Castle, Joseph Cowan of Octorara, John McCalla of Philadelphia, Daniel Clark of Greenwich, Wil- liam McMullen of Philadelphia, William Bresban of Pequea, Andrew Bryan of Drawyers, Anthony Tate of New Town; and twenty -two, with the mode- rator, shall be a quorum. Ordered, To proceed in appointing supplies. Mr. Latta is appointed to supply up the West Branch of Susquehanna five Sabbaths in the months of October and November ; and Mr. Samuel Dougal, a probationer, under the care of New Castle Presbytery, seven Sabbaths in July and August. Mr. John Hanna is appointed to supply eight Sabbaths between this and next fall, in the vacancies beyond the Allegheny mountains. Mr. Samuel Smith, a probationer, under the care of New Castle Presbytery, is appointed to supply four months between this and next meeting of Synod, on the frontier parts of Pennsylvania, and in Virginia, if his state of health shall admit of it. Mr. John Debow, a probationer, under the care of New Brunswick Presby- tery, and Mr. Samuel McCorkle, a probationer, under the care of New York Presbytery, are appointed to go to the southward as soon as they conveniently can, and supply under the direction of the Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange, each of them one whole year at least. Mr. Forster is appointed to supply six Sabbaths in the frontier parts of Penn- sylvania, in the months of September and October. 4G0 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1774, And the Synod recommend it to the several Presbyteries to afford what fur- ther assistance they can to the Presbyteries of Hanover and Orange, by proba- tioners under their care. Messrs. Clark and Thomas Smith had leave to go home. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment. Post prcccs sederunt qui supra. The Rev. Mr. Samuel IJlair, formerly in connection with this Synod, being now present, requested to be enrolled as a member, which request was granted, and he accordingly took his seat, and the Synod desire Mr. 131air to join him- self to some one of our Presbyteries as soon as he conveniently can. The Synod taking into their serious consideration the dark and threatening aspect of our public affairs, both civil and religious, as loudly calling for deep humiliation before God, and earnest application to the throne of grace, do agree to observe the third Thursday of June next, as a day of solemn fasting and prayer, to implore the Divine compassion, that it may please God in his great mercy to avert the calamities which, on account of our manifold provocations, we have great reason to fear. An overture by the Rev. Mr. Matthew Wilson, proposing a method to secure the lasting union and credit of the Presbyterian body, was brought in and read, and taken into consideration, and the Synod recommend it to their members to make themselves well acquainted with the fundamental principles of the Pres- byterian constitution. A paper from Mr. S. Kennedy was brought in, containing a complaint against the conduct of the Presbytery of Donegal, and the members who met with them according to appointment of last Synod. As the Synod have not time at present to enter upon the consideration of this matter, and if they had time, Mr. Kennedy is not prepared with his witnesses for trial, they agree to defer it till next Synod, aud order Mr. Kennedy in the mean time to submit to the judgment of the Presbytery, and that he appear then prepared to support his complaint against the said Presbytery, and that tlie Presbytery be careful to prepare for their own vindication, that this matter may then be fully heard and issued. A letter from the Associate Presbytery, in Pennsylvania, signed by the Rev. William Marshal, Presbytery clerk, was brought in and read, represent- ing that for reasons which to them appear valid, they are not at present dis- posed to unite with this Synod, which letter is ordered to be entered in the Appendix. The Synod finding by their printed accounts that many members have not yet collected, according to the order of Synod, 1772, wherefore they now again order the Presbyteries to require those who have not collected, as ap- pears from the printed lists, that they should collect this year, and bring said collections in by their Presbyterial treasurers at next sessions of Synod. An address, on a matter apprehended to be of great importance to our general interest, was brought in and read; the consideration of it deferred till our next meeting of Synod. An overture for resolving this Synod into three Synods was brought in and read; the consideration thereof deferred to next meeting of Synod. Adjourned to New York, to meet at ten o'clock, on the third Wednesday of next May. Concluded with prayer. 1775.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 461 1775. New Yorh, May 17th, 1775. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment, U hi post preces sederunt Of the Presbytery of Dutchess county : The Rev. Messrs. Wheeler Cas- ish ministry shall continue to enforce their claims by violence, a lasting and bloody contest must be expected. Surely, then, it becomes those who have taken up arms, and profess a willingness to hazard their lives in the cause of liberty, to be prepared for death, which to many must be certain, and to every one is a possible or probable event. " We have long seen with concern, the circumstances which occasioned, and the gradual increase of this unhappy diflference. As ministers of the gospel of peace, we have ardently wished that it could, and often hoped that it would have been more early accommodated. It is well known to you, (otherwise it would be imprudent indeed thus publicly to profess,) that we have not been instrumental in inflaming the minds of the people, or urging them to acts of violence and disorder. Perhaps no instance can be given on so interesting a subject, in which political sentiments have been so long and so fully kept from the pulpit, and even malice itself has not charged us with labouring from the press ; but things are now come to such a state, that as we do not wish to conceal our opinions as men and citizens, so the relation we stand in to you seemed to make the present improvement of it to your spiritual benefit, an indispensable duty. " Suffer us then to lay hold of your present temper of mind, and to exhort, especially the young and vigorous, by assuring them that there is no soldier so undaunted as the pious man, no army so formidable as those who are superior to the fear of death. There is nothing more awful to think of, than that those whose trade is war should be despisers of the name of the Lord of hosts, and that they should expose themselves to the imminent danger of being immedi- ately sent from cursing and cruelty on the earth, to the blaspheming rage and despairing horror of the infernal pit. Let therefore, every one, who from gene- rosity of spirit, or benevolence of heart, off"ers himself as a champion in his country's cavise, be persuaded to reverence the name, and walk in the fear of the Prince of the kings of the earth, and then he may, with the most unshaken firmness, expect the issue either in victory or death. " Let it not be forgotten, that though for the wise ends of his Providence it may please God, for a season to suff"er his people to lie under unmerited oppres- sion, yet in general we may expect, that those who fear and serve him in sin- cerity and truth, will be favoured with his countenance and strength. It is both the character and the privilege of the children of God, that they call upon him in the day of trouble, and he, who keepeth covenant and truth for ever, has said, that his ears are always open to their cry. We need not mention to you in how many instances the event in battles, and success in war, have turned upon circumstances which were inconsiderable in themselves, as well as out of the power of human prudence to foresee or direct, because we suppose you firmly believe that after all the counsels of men, and the most probable and promising means, the Lord will do that which seemeth him good ; nor hath his pi'omise ever failed of its full accomplishment; 'the Lord is with you while ye be with him, and if ye seek him he will be found of you ; but if ye forsake him he will forsake you.' 2 Chron. xv. 2. " After this exhortation, which we thought ourselves called upon to give you at this time, on your great interest, the one thing needful, we shall take the liberty to offer a few advices to the societies under our charge, as to their public and general conduct; and, '•' First. In carrying on this imJ)ortant struggle, let every opportunity be taken to express your attachment and respect to our sovereign King George, and to the revolution principles by which his august family was seated on the 468 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1775. JBritish throne. We recomnieml, indcod, not only allegiance to bim from duty and principle, as the first niagi.strate of the empire, but esteem and reverence for the person of the prince, who has merited well of his subjects on many ac- counts, and who has probably been mi.sled into the late and present measures by those about him ; neither have we any doubt that they themselves have been in a great degree deceived by false infirmation from interested persons resid- ing in America. It gives us the greatest pleasure to say, from our own certain Icuowledge of all belonging to our communion, and from the best means of in- formation, of the far greatest part of all denominations in this country, that the j)resent opposition to the measures of administration does not in the least arise from disafi'ectiou to the king,* or a desire of separation from the parent state. "NVc are happy in being able with truth to athrm, that no part of America would either have apjiroved or permitted such insults as have been offered to the sovereign in Great ]}ritain. We exhort you, therefore, to continue in the eame disposition, and not to suffer oppression, or injury itself, easily to provoke you to any thing which may seem to betray contrary sentiments : let it ever ap- pear, that you only desire the preservation and security of those rights which belong to you as freemen and Britons, and that reconciliation upon these terms is your most ardent desire. '• Secondly. Be careful to maintain the union which at present subsists through all the colonies; nothing can be more manifest than that the success of every measure depends on its being inviolably preserved, and therefore, we hope that you will leave nothing undone which can promote that end. In particular, as the Continental Congress, now sitting at Philadelphia, consists of delegates chosen in the most free and unbiassed manner, by the body of the people, let them not only be treated with respect, and encouraged in their difficult service — not only let your prayers be offered up to God for his direction in their pro- ceedings— but adhere tirmly to their resolutions; and let it be seen that they are able to bring out the whole strength of this vast country to carry them into execution. We would also advise for the same purpose, that a spirit of can- dour, charity, and mutual esteem, be preserved and promoted towards those of different religious denominations. Persons of probity and principle of every profession, should be united together as servants of the same master, and the experience of our happy concord hitherto in a state of liberty should engage all to unite in support of the common interest; for there is no example in liistory, in which civil liberty was destro^'cd, and the rights of conscience pre- gt>rved entire. ''Thirdly. We do earnestly exhort and beseech the societies under our care to be strict and vigilant in their private government, and to watch over the morals of their several members. It is with the utmost pleasure we re- mind you, that the last Continental Congress determined to discourage luxury in living, public diversions, and gaming of all kinds, which have so fatal an influence on the morals of the j)e(iple. If it is undeniable that universal pro- fligacy makes a nation ripe for Divine judgments, and is the natural means of bringing them to ruin, reformation of manners is of the utmost necessity in our present distress. At the same time, as it has been observed by many emi- nent writers, that the cen.sorial power, which had for its object the manners of the public in the ancient free States, was absolutely necessary to their continu- ance, we cannot help being of opinion that the only thing whicii we have now to supply the place of this is, the religious discipline of the several sects with respect to their own members; so that the denomination or profession which shall take the most effectual care of the instruction of its meujbors, and main- tain its discipline in the fullest vigour, wilf do the most essential service to the whole body. For the very same rea.son, the greatest service which magistrates, or persons in authority, can do, with respect to the religion or morals of the 1775.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA/ 469 people, is to defend and secure the rights of conscience in the most equal and impartial manner. " Fourthly. We cannot but recommend, and urge in the warmest manner, a regard to order and the public peace ; and as in many places, during the confu- sions that prevail, legal proceedings have become difficult, it is hoped that all persons will conscientiously pay their just debts, and to the utmost of their power serve one another, so that the evils inseparable from a civil war may not be aug- mented by wantonness and irregularity. " Fifthly. We think it of importance, at this time, to recommend to all of every rank, but especially to those who may be called to action, a spirit of hu- manity and mercy. Every battle of the warrior is with confused noise, and garments rolled in blood. It is impossible to appeal to the sword without being exposed to many scenes of cruelty and slaughter ; but it is often observed, that civil wars are carried on with a rancour and spirit of revenge much greater than those between independent States. The injuries received, or suppo.sed, in civil wars, wound more deeply than those of foreign enemies, it is therefore the more necessary to guard against this abuse, and recommend that meekness and gentle- ness of spirit, which is the noblest attendant on true valour. That man will fight most bravely, who never fights till it is necessary, and who ceases to fight as soon as the necessity is over. " Lastly. We would recommend to all the societies under our care, not to content themselves with attending devoutly on general fasts, but to continue habitually in the exercise of prayer, and to have frequent occasional voluntary meetings for solemn intercession with God on the important trial. Those who are immediately exposed to danger need your sympathy ; and we learn from the Scriptures, that fervency and importunity are the very characters of that prayer of the righteous man that availeth much. ''We conclude with our most earnest prayer, that the God of heaven may bless you in your temporal and spiritual concerns, and that the present unnatural dispute may be speedily terminated by an equitable and lasting settlement on constitutional principles. " Signed in the name, presence, and by appointment of the Synod. " Benjamin Hait, Moderator. " New York, Mmj 22d, 1775." N. B. The stated clerk is to insert the pastoral letter from the printed copy. The Synod agree that five hundred copies of the said pastoral letter be printed: and order the Synodical treasurer to pay the expenses of printing, which is to be by the Synod refunded at their next meeting. Mr. Halsey dissents from that paragraph of said letter which contains the declarations of allegiance. Adjourned to meet at three o'clock, P. M. next Monday. Concluded with prajcr. Mmday, May 22, tlirce o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjourn- ment. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee appointed to meet with the corporation of the widows' fund, read the report of their conduct in that matter, which is approved. The Synod appoint as a committee for the same purpose, the Rev. Messrs. Pr. Witherspoon, Dr. Rodgers, Richard.s, McWhorter, and Caldwell, to meet to-morrow at twelve o'clock. Mr. Samuel Kennedy, a candidate from Ireland, who appeared before the Synod in the years 1772, 1773, and last year, again appeared and oifered a paper of complaints against the judicature, which, agreeable to order of Synod, 470 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1775. had sat on his trial in June, 1773, and praying the Synod to give him a hearing. The Synod finding that said Mr. Kennedy had obeyed their last year's order, agreed to hear him. Mr. Kennedy having been heard at great length against said judicature, and Mr. Cooper having, as far as time would admit, in the name of tlie Presbytery, replied to Mr. Kennedy's charges, the Synod agreed to defer the further hearing of this afiiiir till next scih-runt. Adjourned to nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Mat/ 23. The Si/nod met according to odJournmenL Post preces sederunt qui sujira. Proceeded to hear Mr. Kennedy's complaint against the judicature as men- tioned yesterday Both parties were fully heard, and the Synod unanimously agreed that Mr. Kennedy had not supported his complaint, and we do there- fore dismiss it as frivolous and groundless. Mr. John WoodhuU requested leave of absence, which was granted. Adjourned till three clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met according to adjournment Post preces sederunt qui sujrra. The Rev. Mr. Samuel Sacket, a member of New York Presbytery, requests to be disannexed from the Presbytery to which he now belongs, and restored to the Presbytery of Dutchess county. His request is granted, and he is accord- ingly to be received and enrolled as a member of the said Presbytery. The Synod proceeded to consider the business of supplies. The Synod order the Synodical treasurer to pay to Mr. Irwin nine pounds nine shillings and three pence, on account of his mission on the western frontiers of Penn.'^ylvania and Virginia; to Mr. Jones for supplying, one pound five shillings and eight pence; to Mr. Pilchards for ditto, three pounds eleven shillings; to Mr. Hait for ditto, two pounds two shillings; to Mr. Elmer for ditto, seventeen shillings; to Mr. Kerr for ditto, one pound six shillings. Mr. Ebenezer Brooks is appointed to spend five months in supplying amongst the vacancies in the colony of Virginia, before the next meeting of Synod, under the care of the Hanover Presbytery. Mr. Debow to supply nine months amongst the Carolina vacancies before the next meeting of Synod, under the care of the ]*resbytery of Orange. Mr. Keith, Mr. Hunter, jun'r., and Mr. Fithian, are appointed each of them to supply three months under the care of the Presbytery of Donegal, and each of them three months under the care of the Presbytery of Hanover, before our next meeting; and also to spend what time they can in supplying under the care of the Presbytery of Orange. Ordered, That Mr. Sproat, the stated clerk, furnish each of the above men- tioned gentlemen with proper certificates for their mission. A supplication from the Presbyterian Congregation in Albany, praying for supplies, and that some members of the Synod may be sent to visit the country to the northward of the city, and that their congregation may be taken froui under the care of the Presbytery of Dutchess and juit under the caro of tlie Presbytery of New York, was brought in and read ; the said congregation, agreeable to their request, are ]iut under the care of the Presbytery of New York. Mr. Ichabod Lewis is appointed to spend six Sabbaths in supplying in Al- bany, Charlotte, and Try on counties, in the province of New York, to set out 1776.] l^'EW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 471 on this mission about the middle of June next ; Mr. Burnet to supply his pul- pit the fourth Sabbath in June at the White Plains, Mr. Samuel Sacket the first Sabbath of July at the White Plains, Mr. Mead the second Sabbath of July at the White Plains, Dr. Rodgers the third Sabbath of July at New Ro- chelle, Mr. Mills the fourth Sabbath of July at the White Plains, Mr. Barret the last Sabbath of July at the White Plains. Mr. Miller is appointed to supply every fifth Sabbath until our next meeting, at his discretion, in the vacancies in the neighbourhood of Schenectady. Mr. Kerr is appointed to set out about the middle of September on a mis- sion in the above mentioned counties, and spend six Sabbaths in supplying in those parts. Mr. John Close to supply Mr. Kerr's pulpit the last Sabbath of September; Mr. Amzi Lewis the first Sabbath of October, Mr. Moffat the second, Mr. David Close the third, Mr. Case the fourth, and Mr. Grover the fifth. Adjourned to meet at the first Presbyterian church in Philadelphia, the third Wednesday of May next, at ten o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1776. PhiladcJjjJu'a, May 22d, 1776, ten o'clock, A. M. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment at the first Presbyterian church. Uhi post preces sederunt Present : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Benjamin Halt and Jedidiah Chapman. Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. William Zanchy. Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Richard Treat, Jam^s Sproat, George Dufiield, Alexander Mitchell, William Hollingshead, and Na- thaniel Irwin. Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Alison and Dr, Ewing. Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Robert Smith, William Forster, John WoodhuU, James Wilson, and James Anderson. Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. John Craighead and Robert Cooper. Elders present : Messrs. Thomas Bourne, Benjamin Snodgrass, and Willian Davidson. Absent : Of the New York Presbytery : The Rev. Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Aaron Richards, Roe, Jones, Elmer, Greer, Vanarsdale, Woodruff, and Treat. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. McKnight, Smith, Guild, Reed, Kennedy, Peppard, Hannah, and Lyon. Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Greenman, Brainerd, Green, McCalla. Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. Steel and Si- monton. Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Clark, Montgomery, and Read. Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Thompson, Rhea, Hogg, Hunt, Amos Thompson, Long, King, Vance, Black, Dougal, and McFerran. The whole Presbyteries of Lewestown, Hanover, Orange, Dutchess, and Suffolk. Mr. Benjamin Halt, moderator for the last year, opened the Synod with a sermon from 1 Timothy i. 12. The Continental Congress having appointed a general fast to be kept on the 17th of this instant, several members from different Presbyteries applied 472 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [-1770. to the moderator, re<"(ucsting him to give public notice for the postponing the meeting of Synod until the fourth Wednesday of this month, in order that the ministers might attend with their congregations on said fast day, with which the moderator complied; and accordingly the Synod have now convened, and however, the Synod judge and hereby declare, that the Synodical mode- rator has not authority, either with or without the concurrence of particular members, to alter the time of meeting to which the Synod stands adjourned, yet in the present extraordinary case they approve of what the moderator has done. The time being now elapsed, and few members being present, the choice of a moderator and clerks fur the ensuing sessions, is deferred till the after- noon. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. TJiree 0' docic, P. M. The S^nod met according to acljournrtient. Post prcccit sederunt qui sujpra. Mr. James Finley is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained ; his elder is Mr. Amos Alexander. The Rev. Messrs. Elder, Rosborough, Latta, and Mitchell, are now come, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The Synod proceeded to choo.se a moderator and clerks, accordingly 3Ir. Cooper was chosen moderator, and Mr. Forster and Mr. Chapman clerks. Dr. Witherspoon and Mr. Carmichael are now come, their reasons for not coming sooner, sustained. Mr. Samuel Holliday, Mr. Carmichael's elder, and Mr. John Whitehill, Mr. Robert Smith's elder, are now come. Those of the members now present, who did not attend at the last meeting of Synod, gave reasons for their non-attendance, which are sustained. Mr. Rosborough's elder, Mr. John AValker, is now come. New Brunswick Presbytery report, that since our last they have ordained Mr. Diboa to the work of the gospel ministry, who being present took his seat; and that they have licensed Messrs. John "Worford and Hugh White. The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that the Rev. Messrs. Andrew Hunter and Benjamin Chesnutt were removed by death ; Mr. Chesnutt the twenty-first day of July, and Mr. Hunter the twenty-eighth day of July, 1775; and have ordained 3Ir. Israel Evans and Mr. AVilliara Lynn to qualify them to act as chaplains in the army, to which they had been appointed ; and have licensed Mr. James Greer since our last; Mr. Lynn being present took his seat. Donegal Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. John Itoan was removed by death the second day of last October ; and have ordained Mr. John Black and Samuel Dougal to the work of the gospel ministry. They also report that they have received the Rev. Mr. McFarquhar from Scotland, and laid (the credentials upon which they received him before the Synod, with which the Synod being sati.--fied, Mr. McFarquhar being present, took his seat. New Castle Presbytery report, that they have dismissed Mr. Samuel Stan- hope Smith, to join Hanover Presbytery, and Mr. Ebenezcr Brooks, to j('iu Lewestown Presbytery, and Mr. John .^IcMillan, to I)(jnegal I'resbytery. Mr. Tennent is now come, and his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained; his elder, Peter Firmin, is al.so come. Mr. Hal.^ey is now come, his rea.sons for not coming sooner, sustaiiu':ers. Dr. Hugh Knox, Joseph Treat, James Caldwell, Azel Roe, Benjamin Ilait, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin "Woodruff, Aaron Richards, Jacob Green, Jedidiah Chapman, Joseph Grover, Simon Ilorton, William Woodhull, Nathan Kerr, Lewis, John Moffat, Andrew King, John Close, Abner Brush, Mathias Burnet, Alexander Miller, and Ebenczer Bradford. Of New Brunswick Presbytery: The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, and the Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Thomas Smith, AVilliam Schenck, John Ilanna, John "Warford, and James Lyon. Of the first Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Dr. Richard Treat, and the Rev. Messrs. James Sproat, John Brainerd, Nehemiah Greenman, James Watt, William Hollingshead, George Duffield, Alexander Mitchell, Nathaniel Irvine, Daniel MeCalla, Robert Keith, and Israel Evans. Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Alexander McDowell, Ro- bert Smith, Joseph Smith, Thomas Smith, William Foster, John WoudhuU, James Latta, John Clark, John McCreary, William McKennan, James Fin- ley, James Wilson, Joseph Montgomery, Thomas Reed, and James Anderson. And the whole of the Presbyteries of Dutchess, Suffolk, the second Phila- delphia, Lewistown, Donegal, Hanover, and Orange. The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. John Carmichael, moderator last year, by a sermon on John iii. 30, first clause. The Rev. Mr. Jones was chosen moderator, and the Rev. Mr. Ilalsey clerk. Neither the Synod book nor the minutes of last year being present, the Sy- nod agreed to proceed on such business as may now come before them. The Presbytery of New York report, that the Rev. Thomas Lewis is deceased since our last; and that they have ordained to the work of the ministry, the Rev. Mr. Thaddeus Dod, sine tltulo, in consequence of liberty obtained from the Sj'nod for that purpose. New Castle Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. George Luckic to preach the gospel, and ordaiuc(r the Rev. Mr. James Armstrong to the work of the ministry, sine titulo. As the New Castle Presbytery book is not present, the consideration of the propriety of Mr. Armstrong's ordination is deferred till next Synod. New Brunswick Presbytery report, that the Rev. Mr. Charles McKnight de- parted this life last January ; and that they have licensed Mr. George Faitout to preach the gospel. The first Philadelphia Presbytery report, that they have licensed Mr. Hugh Montgomery Brackenriuftield has not fulfilled the order of last Synod respecting the three hundred pounds in the hands of the corporation of the college of New Jersey. The Synod on consideration, agreed that that money be continued for the pre- sent in the hands of the corporation. The committee appointed by last Synod, to dispose of the money in the hands of the corporation of the College of New Jersey, for the education of poor and pious youth, met, but no proper object ofiering, the distribution was not made. Ordered, That the Rev. Drs. McWhorter and Witherspoon, the Rev. Messrs. Israel Read, Elihu Spencer, and James Caldwell, be appointed a committee to dispose of said money, and to meet at Princeton the last Wednesday of Septem- ber next, for that purpose. No report being made from Lewes Presbytery respecting the Rev. Mr. Lewis, Ordered, That they bring in their report at our next meeting. The committee appointed to collect and insert in the Synod's book, papers of importance belonging to Synod, inform that they have collected said papers according to order, but have not yet inserted them. On further consideration, instead of inserting them in the Appendix, the Synod order, that the stated clerk, file, date, and indorse all such papers, and preserve them for the use of Synod. The Presbytery of New Castle have not brought in their minutes respecting a case of marriage, as ordered in our last. The Synod renew their orders to that Presbytery. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer, 17(h day, nine o'cloch, A. M. Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Alison is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The Presbytery of New York report, that they have ordained Mr. John Jo- line to the work of the gospel ministry, and licen.scd Messrs. Fi.sh and Ford- ham to preach the gospel; that the Rev. Mr. Ilait departed this life the 27th of June, 1770; and that Messrs. Crecn, Lewis, Grover, and Bradford, have withdrawn from that Presbytery. The I'rcsbytcry of New Brunswick report, that they have, since the last meeting of Synod, received as a member tlu; Rev. Mr. Samuel Stanhope Smith, and licensed Mr. Peter Wilson to preach the gospel, and that the Rev. Jere- miah llalsey departed this life the beginning of October last. The First Presbytery of Philadelj)hia report, that they have ordained Mr. Isaac Keith to the work of the gospel ministry, and dismissed him to join the I'resbytery of Donegal, and that the Rev. John Rrainerd departed this life the 21 St day of March last. The Presbytery of New Castle report, that the Rev. William Foster was re- moved by death in September last. 1781.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 491 The Donegal Presbytery report, that in the four years past, they have licensed Messrs. Samuel Waugh, James Dunlap, David Bard, Stephen Balch, Joseph Henderson, and Matthew Woods, to preach the gospel, and that they have ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, Messrs. John Linn, David Bard, Samuel Waugh, and received from the first Presbytery of Philadelphia, the Rev. Isaac Keith. Dr. McWhorter reported to the Synod, that the distressed circumstances of North Carolina, arising from the war, have rendered the objects of his removal thither abortive, and prevented him from obtaining a regular dismission from the Orange Presbytery. Ordered, That Dr. McWorter be re-united to the New York Presbytery. Mr. Spencer reported, that agreeably to the order of Synod last year, he had waited on Dr. Witherspoon, the treasurer of Synod, and received from him the following account of moneys in his hand : 1777, May 20th, By balance of this date due to Synod - £54 9 5i good money. • 1779, Feb. 26th, By cash received of Rev. Mr. Johnson's legacy, . .' . . £278 3 4 Out of which he has paid, by order of Synod, - - - - 39 0 0 Remains due, - - - - £239 3 4 of the value of money of 26th February, 1779. Together with £54 9 5 J the good money, above-mentioned. The consideration of the reference from the New Castle Presbytery, respect- ing the marriage of a certain Anthony Duchane, deferred till next Synod. Whereas, the Synod is deeply aifected that the judicatures of the church are 80 exceedingly neglected, both by ministers and elders, especially the latter, and taking this matter into serious consideration, and apprehending that one reason of this non-attendance, particularly on the sessions of Synod, arises from the congregations making no provision for defraying the expenses of ministers and elders, do therefore request the Presbyteries to direct their members to recommend it to their respective congregations to make contributions for this purpose ; and the Synod do further request, that the Presbyteries take every proper measure to excite their members to attend upon this judicature. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. ISth day, nine o^doch, A. M. Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Messrs. Boyd, Clark, and Robert Keith, are now come; their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The Rev. Messrs. Joseph Smith, John McMillan, James Powers, and Thad- deus Dodd, having requested to be erected into a separate Presbytery, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of Redstone, the Synod grant their re- quest, and appoint their first meeting to be held at Laurel Hill Church, the third Wednesday of September next, at eleven o'clock, A. M. The Presbytery of New Castle applied to Synod for liberty to ordain Mr. Daniel Jones, sine titulo, to the work of the gospel ministry, which was granted. The Synod renew the recommendation of some former Synods, to all their congregations, to spend a part of the last Thursday of every month in social prayer, as their respective circumstances will admit. The Synod agree to pay the janitor three dollars specie, for his attendance 492 MIXUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1782. on the present session ; and the stated clerk forty shillings specie, for tran- scribing tlie minutes of Synod for two years past. Ordore'l, That Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the above sums of money. Adjourned to meet at the first Presbyterian church in Philadelphia, the third Wednesday of May next, at ten o'clock, A. ]M. Concluded with prayer. 1782. Phi7adcJj)?na, May Ibth, 1782. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment at the First Presbyterian church. L Li p^jst jireces sederunt Of New York Presbytery : Rev. Alexander Miller. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : llcv. Drs. Witherspoon and Spencer, Rev. Messrs. John AVoodhull, John "Warford, Samuel Stanhope Smith. Elder, Kcnith Ilenkinson. Of the First l^hiladelphia Presbytery : Picv. Dr. Sproat, Pvcv. Messrs. Alex- ander Mitchell, James Boyd, Natlianiel Irwin, William Ilolliushead, William Schenck, Robert Keith. Elders, Messrs. Hugh Hodge, John Burley, John Hutton. Of the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Drs. John Ewing, Patrick Alison, Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, Robert David.sou. Elders, Robert Por- ter, John Boyd. Of New Castle Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, James Finley, James Latta, James Anderson, James Armstrong, Daniel Jones, William Smith. Elders, Messrs. John Clark, J. Sharpo, W. Cooke. Of Donegal Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Colin McFarquhar, Robert Cooper, John Craighead, John King, I. Black, Isaac Keith. Of Lewes Presbytery : Rev. John Miller. Of Redstone Presbytery : Rev. James Power. Absent : Of New York Presbytery : Rev. Drs. John Rodgers, Hugh Knox, Alexander McWhorter, Rev. Messrs. Timothy Jones, Aaron Richards, Simon Horton, Abner Brush, Jonathan Elmer, Benjamin Woodruff, Jo.seph Treat, Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, John Close, Jedidiah Chapman, Jacob Vauarsdalen, Andrew King, and John Joline. Of the New Brunswick Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Samuel Kennedy, Israel Reed, John Hannah, Thomas Smith, Philip Stockton, and Francis Peppard. Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Mes.srs. James Watt, George Dufficld, James Grier, Daniel McCalla, Israel Evans, Andrew Hunter, and George Faitout. Of the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. John Elder, and Ro- bert McMordie. Of New Castle Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. William McKennan, John Mc- Creary, John Clark, Thomas Read, 'J'honias Smith, Samuel I'lakin, Joseph Montgomery, John ('armichael, Nathaniel Seinple, and John Finlc}'. Of Donegal Presbytery : Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, James Hunt, Amos Thompson, John Hoge, Hugh Mr(iill, James Lang, Hugh Vanre, James Martin, John Slcnnnons, Thomas Mci-'crrin, William Linn, John Mc- Knight, John Liun, David Bard, Samuel Waugh, Samuel Dougall, Jo.sejih Heu- derson. The whole of Lewes Presbytery ab.sent, except the Rev. John Miller. The whole Presbytery of Redstone, except Mr. Power. The whole Presbyteries of Hanover, Orange, Suffolk, and Dutchess, absent. The llev. Samuel Blair was invited to sit as a correspondent member. 1782.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 493 The moderator of last year being absent, the Synod was opened by Dr. Elihu Spencer, with a sermon from Matthew xxviii. 20. The liev. James Latta, of New Castle Presbytery, was chosen moderator, and Messrs. Nathaniel Irwin and Samuel S. Smith, were chosen clerks. The Rev. Messrs. A. Miller, ^Y. Hollingshead, John WoodhuU, A. Mitchell, J. Simouton, James Power, John King, John Craighead, and John Black, who were absent last year, being now present, gave reasons for their absence, which were sustained. Ordered, That the several Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow morning. The ilev. Messrs. John Craighead, John Woodhull, James Boyd, James An- derson, Robert Keith, and Messrs. John Clarke and Thomas Sharp, were ap- pointed to be a committee of overtures, to meet here to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, and afterwards by adjournments, as occasion may require. The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon, John Ewing, James Sproat, Elihu Spen- cer, Alexander McWhorter, and Messrs. Azel Roe, Israel Reed, Alexander Mitchell, James Boyd, John Simonton, Robert Smith, John Carmichael, Robert Cooper, Thomas McFerrin, John Craighead, with the moderator, together with Messrs. Hugh Hodge, John Boyd, Robert Porter, John Clarke, elders, were appointed to be a commission of Synod for the ensuing year ; thirteen of whom shall be a quorum. The moderator shall have power to convene a meet- ing, and to preside therein, and in case of his death or disability, the first sur- viving member on the list shall call a meeting, and the first on the list present shall preside. The distribution made by the committee for disposing of certain moneys in the hands of the corporation of the widows' fund, in the year 1780, was re- ported to the Synod. The committee appointed last jea.Y for disposing the said moneys met, and in consideration of the difiiculties under which the corporation labour, through the decay of their funds, agree to remit these moneys to the corporation, to be by them applied to the ends of their institution. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Thursday/ morning, nine d' clock. The Synod met according to adjournment. JJbi post preces sederunt qui suj>ra. The Presbytery of New York reported, that the Rev. James Caldwell was removed by death on the 24th of November, 1781. The Presbytery of New Brunswick reported, that they have dismissed the Rev. George Faitout to join the First Philadelphia Presbytery, and licensed Mr. Joseph Reed to preach the gospel. The First Philadelphia Presbytery reported, that the Rev. William Mackey Tennent of Connecticut, and the Rev. Gleorge Faitout, had been received by them, and that Mr. Faitout had been installed in the congregation of Green- wich. The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that the Rev. Alexander McDowell, was removed by death on the 12th of January, 1782, and that they have or- dained the Rev. Messrs. Daniel Jones, John Evans Finley, and James Dunlap, to the work of the gospel ministry, and that since, Mr. Dunlap is removed within the bounds of Redstone Presbytery. The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they have ordained and installed Mr. Joseph Henderson, as pastor of the church of Great Canawaga, and that they have dismissed the Rev. Hezekiah Balch to join the Presbytery of Hanover. The Presbytery of Orange reported, by a letter from their moderator, that 494 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF (;1782. they have ordained Messrs. Robert Arcbibald, Thomas McCade, Thomas Craig- head, James McKce, Daniel Thatcher, Samuel McCorkle, James Templettm, John Casson, James Hall, William Hill, to the work of the gospel ministry, and licensed Messrs. Thomas Douncll, David Barr, Samuel Lake, and Francis Cummin^'?, to preach the gospel. The Syund taking up the consideration of the interest of certain money in the hands of the corporation of the widows' fund, to be disposed of by them, or their committee, in conjunction with said corporation, appoint the Rev. Drs. Elihu Spencer, Joseph Montgomery, Patrick Alison, Messrs. Robert Cooper, John Black, Nathaniel Irwin, and Samuel S. Smith, for the ensuing year, a committee, who are particularly instructed to collect all the papers and vouchers they can procure for elucidating this matter and exhibiting it in its true light, to examine what is now the real state of the money iu question, and to dispose of whatever there may be subject to their disposal. The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon, Alexander McWhorter, Klihu Spencer, and the Rev. Messrs. Israel Read, John Woodhull, and Samuel S. Smith, were appointed to be a committee to dispose of the interest of moneys in the hands of the corporation of the college of New Jersey, for the educating poor and pious youth, to meet at Princeton on the last day of September next. The Synod renewed their recommendation to the Presbyteries under their care, to take proper measures to engage their members to attend the sessions of Synod, and to remind the congregations in their bounds, of their duty to make provision for defraying the expenses of ministers and elders in attending the judicatures of the church. The Presbytery of Redstone reported, that they met and constituted accord- ing to the order of the last Synod. Ordered, That the Rev. James Finley endeavour to procure the act of Synod of the year 1729, adopting the standards of the Church of Scotland, and pro- duce it the next .sessions. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o^ clock, P. M. The Synod met. Ordered, That the several Presbyteries produce their Presbyterial records at the next .session of Synod. An appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery fif Donegal, on an accusa- tion of fornication, was introduced by William Duffield, junior ; after delibera- tion, ordered, that the further consideration of it be deferred till to-morrow. An appeal from the judgment of the Presbytery of New Castle was brought in by the Rev. James Finley, upon the subject of his removal from his congre- gation ; ordered, that it be deferred till to-morrow. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 17/A (lay, nine o'clock, A. M. The Synod met. Messrs. Siraonton and Clarke had leave of absence. A letter was brought in from the I'rcsbytery of Orange to the Synod, re- questing liberty to ordain Mr. David Rarr, t^inr titiilo, to the work of the go.speI ministry. Resolved, that they be permitted to ordain him accordingly. The Synod proceeded to consider Mr. Finley's appeal from the judgment of New Castle Presbytery. The parties were fully heard, and the Synod having deliberated on the matter, arc of opinion that the pastoral relation between Mr. Finley and his congregation ought to be dissolved, and they do accordingly dii^wilvc it. Mr. Teunent had leave of absence during the remainder of the session. 1782.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 495 The subject of Mr. Duffield's appeal was resumed. Ordered, that the cause be remitted back to the Presbytery of Donegal. As it appears the interest of religion is in danger of suiFering greatly at pre- sent, from the many discouragements under which the ministers of the gospel labour, from the want of a sufficient support and liberal maintenance from the congregations they serve, the Synod appoint a committee to take this matter into consideration, and report thereon to the next Synod Ordered, that Drs. Witherspoon, Ewing, and Spencer, be a committee for this purpose. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met. The Rev. John Blair Smith, of the Presbj'tery of Hanover, is come ; the reasons for his not coming sooner are sustained. Mr. Smith reports, that the Presbytery of Hanover have ordained Messrs. William Wilson, and John Montgomery, and had licensed Messrs. James Mitchell, and Samuel Shannon. Anthony Dushane, who has married the sister of his former wife, and whose case has been before the Synod for two years past, preferred a petition, that he might no longer be debarred the privileges of the Church, on the account of said marriage. After full and deliberate discussion, the question was put. Shall Anthony Dushane and his wife be capable of Christian privileges, their marriage notwithstanding ? which was carried in the affirmative by a considera- ble majority. The following gentlemen chose to express their dissent from the preceding decision, viz : Alexander Miller, John King, John Craighead, Colin McFar- quhar, James Power. The Rev. James Finley, and Robert Cooper, chose to protest against it, and had the liberty of sending their reasons hereafter. Dr. John Witherspoon, Joseph Montgomery, and Dr. Elihu Spencer, were appointed to be a committee to prepare an address to the minister of France, congratulating him on the birth of a dauphin, son and heir to the crown of his royal master, expressing the pleasure the Synod feel on this happy event. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, seven o'clock. Concluded with prayer. l^th day, seven o'cloch, A. 31. The Synod met. The committee appointed to prepare a draught of an address to the minister of France, brought in one ; which being read, paragraph by paragraph, ordered, that it be signed by the moderator, and that the moderator, Dr. Witherspoon, and Mr. Montgomery, be a committee to wait upon the minister, and to present the above in the name and behalf of the Synod. The Presbytery of New Nork represented to Synod that one of their mem- bers now resided in the bounds of New Brunswick Presbytery, whose moral character laboured under some imputations, and requested the advice of Synod as to which of the Presbyteries should make the inquiry into that matter, whereupon the Synod judged it to be the duty of the Presbytery of New York. Notwithstanding the decision of last evening in the particular case of Anthony Dushane, the Synod, in consideration that such marriages are of ill report in many parts of the Church, do recommend it to their people, to abstain from them, in order to avoid giving offisnce. Agreed, to pay the janitor forty shillings for his attendance on the present session. Ordered, that Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the same. Adjourned to meet in the Second Presbyterian Church, in Philadelphia, the third Wednesday of May next, at eleven o'clock, ante meridiem. Concluded with prayer. ^BQ MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1783. 1783. Philadelpliia, May 21s^, 1783. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment, at the Secdud Presbyterian chunh. Uhi ]>ost pmrs sfdrrunt Of New York Presbytery : Tlie Rev. Drs. John Rodgers and Alexander MeWhorter, the liev. Messrs. Nathan Kerr, Jonathan Elmer, and Alexander Miller. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon and Elihu Spencer, the Rev. Messrs. Samuel S. Smith. Samuel Kennedy, and Francis Peppard. Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. James Sproat, the Rev. Messrs. George Duffield, Alexander Mitchell, William Hollingshead, William Tennent, Daniel McCalla, George Faitout, Nathaniel Irwin, and Samuel Blair. Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Ewing, the Rev. Messrs. Robert McMordie, and Robert Davidson. Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Messrs. James Latta, Robert Smith, James Finley, Thomas Read, William Smith, John Carmichael, John McCreary, James Anderson, and Daniel Jones. Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper, James Lang, John Craighead, John King, Colin McFarquhar, Thomas McFerrin, William Linn, and John Black. Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Rev. Mr. John McMillan. Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Messrs. John Miller and Samuel McMasters. Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. !Mr. James Edmunds. Elders : Messrs. William Faulkner, John Pinkertou, William Mclntirc, John Bergen, Robert Porter, James Porter, William Brizben, Samuel Waugh, Lucas Aldridge, and Patrick Scott. Absent : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. Hugh Knox, the Rev. Messrs. Timothy Jones, Simon Ilorton, Aaron Richards, John Moffatt, Benjamin Woodruff, Abner Brush, Joseph Treat, Azel Roe, Jedidiah Chapman, Jacob Vanarsdalen, Matthias Burnet, Andrew King, and John Joline. Of thf Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Lsrael Read, John Hannah, John W oodhull, John Warford, Thomas Smith, and Philip Stockton. Of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt. William Schenck, James Grier, Andrew Hunter, Israel Evans, and Robert Keith. Of the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Messrs. John Elder and John Simon ton. Of the }ie\f Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. William IMcKennan, Joseph Montgomery, James Armstrong, John Finley, Thomas Smith, and Samuel Eakin. • Of the Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, John Hogg, James Martin, Hugh 3IcGiIl, Amos Thomp.son, James Hunt, Hugh Vance, Samuel Dougal, John McKnight, John JJnn, David Bard, Saniiicl Waugh, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Woods, and St( plicii liaich. Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Rev. Messrs. John ('lark, James Power, Thaddeus Dodd, James Dunlap, and .Josopli Suiith. Of the I'resbytery of Orange : The Rev, Messrs. John Hill, .Toscph Alcx- anili;r, .John Debeau, Casson, Roc, Archibald, MeCall, Barr, Harris, Tiiacher, Caldwell, Patillo, Craighead, McCorkle, Templeton. 1783.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 49T Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Ptev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson, Jacob Kerr, Alexander Huston, and John llankin. The Synod was opened by Mr. Latta, the last year's moderator, with a ser- mon from I Tim. iv. 16. The Eev John McCreary, of New Castle Presbytery, was chosen mode- rator, and the Rev. Messrs. Nathaniel Irwin and John Black were chosen clerks. The members who were absent from last Synod, as also from preceding Synods, and now present, gave their reasons of absence, which were sustained. Ordered, That the several Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow morning. The Rev. Messrs. Alexander Miller, Peppard, Mitchell, McMordie, William Smith, Lang, John Miller, McMillan, Edmunds; with the elders, Messrs. Brizban, Porter, Faulkner, and Scott, were appointed a committee of overtures, to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and afterwards by adjournment, as occasion may require. The Synod proceeded to the choice of a commission for the ensuing year, when the following gentlemen were appointed, viz. Drs. Witherspoon, Ewing, Sproat, Spencer, and McWhorter, Messrs. Roe, Israel Read, Mitchell, Boyd, Simonton, Robert Smith, Carmichael, Cooper, McFerrin, John Miller, Matthew Wilson, and John McCreary, with elders Faulkner, Pinkerton, Mclntire, Ber- gen, R. Porter, J. Porter, and Brizban ; of these, thirteen shall be a quorum. The moderator, with advice of six members, shall have power to call a meeting, and to preside there ; in case of his death or disability, the first surviving mem- ber on the list shall call the meeting, and the first on the list of the members convened, shall preside. The committee appointed last Synod to examine into the state of the widows' fund with regard to certain moneys in the hands of the corporaton of said fund, •which is subject to be disposed of by Synod, or their committee, report, that they have not transacted that business. The Synod then proceeded to the choice of a new committee for the same business, when the following gentlemen were chosen, viz. Rev. Drs. Elihu Spencer and Alexander McWhorter, Rev. Messrs. James Boyd, Robert David- son, and Nathaniel Irwin, who are instructed to report to Synod before the con- clusion of the present sessions. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Thursday morning, at nine o'clock, the Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui sxipra. The Rev. John Slemmons is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, as also for being absent from several preceding meetings of Synod, sustained ; his elder, Mr. William Ross. The Rev. Dr. Patrick Alison and Rev. Nathaniel Semple are now come, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained ; Mr. Semple's elder is Mr. Robert Bayly. The Presbytery of New York report, that the Rev. Mr. William Woodhull, one of their members, appeared before them at their last meeting, and stated to them his situation, as being still incapable of exercising his ministry by his continued indisposition, and the little, or rather no probability of his ever being able to attempt the exercise of it in future, and that he was at the same time engaged in certain secular employments that would seem to render it improper to have his name in their records as a member, while he is incapable of attend- ing their meetings, or discharging any of the great duties of his ministry, and therefore submits to them the propriety of their continuing and considering him 63 498 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1783 as a member from time to time ; and that tlie Presbytery, on considering his pituatiiin, thought it best to leave his name out of their records in future, till he shall be able to return to the exercise of his ministry, an event that would give them great pleasure. The Synod considered the above report, and are of opinion, that Mr. Wood- hull ought to be continued a membCr of the Presbytery of New York, and there- fore direct that Presbytery to insert his name in their roll. The llov. Mr. Isaac Keith is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The Presbj'tery of New Brunswick reported, that they had licensed since our last meeting, Mr. Joseph Clark to preach the gospel. The First Presb^'tcry of Philadelphia reported, that they have installed the Rev. William Macke}- Tennent in the united congregations of Abington, Nor- rington, and New IVovidenee, and that they have received the Pi,ev. Samuel Blair as a member ; and also received under their care Mr. Simeon Hyde, a probationer from the eastern churches. The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they have ordained the Rev. Mat- thew Woods, and the Rev. Stephen Balch to the work of the gospel ministry, and licensed Mr. William Boyd and Mr. James Johnston to preach the gospel, since our last meeting. The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that they have dismissed the Rev. Mr. John Clark from them to join the Presbytery of Redstone, since our last meeting. The Presbytery of Redstone reported, that they have received the Rev. Messrs. John Clark and James Dunlap, as members, since our last sessions. Ordered, To proceed in reading the minutes of the last session. Mr. Finley reports, that he has not been able to procure the act of Synod of the year 1729, adopting the standards of the Church of Scotland. Ordered, That Mr. Cooper and INIr. Boyd be a committee to examine the New York Presbytery book, that Mr. Tennent and Mr. King be a committee to ex- amine New Brunswick Presbytery book, that Mr. Elmer and Mr. Kerr be a committee to examine the First Philadelphia Presbytery book, and to report on Friday morning. Whereas, the Presbyteries of Donegal, New Castle, Lewes, Orange, and Red- stone, have not produced their Presbytery books, ordered, that they be careful in future to lay the said books before Synod. Upon motion, ordered, that the clerk of the Synod write to the Presbyteries of Ilanovor, Suffolk, and Dutchess, that they be careful to attend the meetings of Synod in future; and that if any circumstances should necessarily prevent any of those Presbyteries from attending at any particuhir time, they should make the necessary reports to Synod by letter, and send their I'resbytery books for examination. Mr. Francis (Jamer, Mr. Carmichael's elder, is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The ilev. James Grier is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. Adjourned fill three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. At three o\locJi, P. M. the Sijnod met. Post prcccs sederunt qui sujjra. The Rev. IMr. Joseph Smith is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. Whereas, there was an order of last Synod for the expunging of a minute in the proceedings of Synod of 1781, the Synod now taking up the matter, agree, 1783.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 490 that our minutes ouglit not to be expunged in any instance, and that the said minute ought, therefore, to be now revived and inserted in the present records ; accordingly it is hereby revived and is as follows, viz : " It having been represented to Synod, that the Presbyterian church suffers greatly in the opinion of other denominations, from an apprehension that they hold intolerant principles, the Synod do solemnly and publicly declare, that they ever have, and still do renounce and abhor the principles of intolerance j and we do believe that every peaceable member of civil society ought to be pro- tected in the full and free exercise of their religion." Remonstrances from sundry congregations were brought in by the committee of overtures, requesting a reversing of the decision of last Synod, respecting the marriage of a man with his former wife's sister. After much deliberation, Synod agree to reconsider the subject to-morrow morning. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 23c? day, nine o'clock, A. M. Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui siqrra. The Rev. Robert Keith is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. Mr. Carmichael hath leave of absence during the remainder of the present sessions. Agreeably to the order of this day, the Synod proceeded to reconsider the case of marriage, and discussed the subject at considerable length; the further consideration thereof deferred till the afternoon. The Rev. Dr. McWhorter hath leave of absence during the remainder of the present sessions. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Tliree o'clock, P. M. The Synod met. Post jjreces sederunt qui sujira. Mr. Ross, Mr. Slemmons's elder, hath leave of absence till to-morrow morning. The Synod resumed the consideration of the case of marriage, and after debating the matter at some length, agreed to defer the final decision thereof till to-morrow morning. Through the committee of overtures, it was requested by the first Presby- tery of Philadelphia, that the Synod declare to them their sense on this point, viz : whether a person without a liberal education may be taken on trials or licensed to preach the gospel ? The question being put, it was carried in the negative. A committee was appointed last sessions of Synod to take into considera- tion the difficulties under which gospel ministers labour, for want of a liberal maintenance from the congregations they serve, and report to this Synod; said committee brought in their report, which was read and considered : "Whereupon ordered, that Drs. Witherspoon and Spencer, with Mr. S. Smith, be a committee to prepare a draught of a pastoral letter to the congregations, under the inspection of Synod, as also to prepare some resolves to be past by Synod, and accompany said letter; the whole to be brought in to-morrow morning. Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 500 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1783. 24/A <^ai/, nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met. Post lyrcces sederunt qui supra. The Synod having again resumed the consideration of the judirmcnt which they passed hist year concerning Anthony Dushanc, declare tlieir dissatisfaction with all such marriaires as are inconsistent with the Jicvitical law, and that persons marrying within the degrees of consanguinity proliit)itcd in that law, ought to suffer the censures of the church ; and they further judge, that although the marriage of a man to two sisters successively, viz : to the one after the death of the other, may not be a direct violation of the express words of that law, yet as it is contrary to the custom of the Protestant churches in general, and an evidence of great untenderness towards many serious and well disposed Christians, and may, through the prejudices or generally received opinions of the members of our church, be productive of very disagreeable consequences; the persons contracting such marriages are highly censurable, and the practice ought to be disallowed in express terms by the Synod, and we do therefore condemn such marriages as imprudent and unseasonable. Yet as some things may be done very imprudently and unseasonably, which when done ought not to be annulled, we are of opinion, that it is not necessary for the persons whom this judgment respects to separate from one another, yet they should not be received into the communion of the church without a solemn admonition, at the discretion of the session of the congregation to which they belong ; and the Synod publicly recommend it to all their members to abstain from celebrating such marriages, and to discountenance them by all the proper means in their power. Mr. Finley dissented from the above judgment, and requested leave to enter bis reasons of dissent in the minutes, which was granted. The committee appointed to prepare a draught of a pastoral letter to the congregations under the inspection of Synod, reported one, which, after a few alterations, was approved of, and Dr. Witherspoon and Mr. JJlack were directed to have it fairly transcribed, signed by the moderator, and printed. The consideration of the resolves brought in by the committee which draughted the pastoral letter, deferred till next Synod. The Synod taking into consideration the situation of many people under their care, who, through the indigence of their circumstances are not able to pur- chase Bibles, and are in danger of perishing for lack of knowledge : Ordered, That every member of this body shall use his utmost influence in the congregation under his inspection, and in the vacancies contigudus to them, to raise contributions for the purchasing of ]iibles, to be distributed among Buch poor persons; and that Dr. Sproat and Kwing, and Mr. Dullield, be a committee to receive such contributions, to purchase Dihies therewitli, and send them to the several members of this Synod, who, in conjunction with their rc- epective sessions, shall distribute them. And as y\r. Aitken, from laudable motives, and with great expense, hath undertaken and executed an elegant im- pression of the Holy Scriptures, which, on account of the importation of Jiibles from Europe, will be very iujuri(ms to his temporal circumstances : Synod further agree, that the above committee shall purchase IJibles of the said im- pression and no other, and earnestly recommend it to all, to purcha.se such in preference to any other. The committees appointed to examine the Presbytery books reported accord- ingly. Agreed to pay the statcfl derk forty shillings for transcribing the minutes of two years; to di.scharge the bill of one pound, one siiilling, and six pence, con- tingent cxpen.ses; and to pay the janitor forty shillings fur his attendance on the present sessions. 1784.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 501 Ordered, That Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the above sums. Adjourned to meet at the First Presbyterian Church, in Philadelphia, the third Wednesday of May next, at eleven o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1784. PMladeljjMa, May 19<7i, 1784. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met according to adjournment, at the First Presbyterian church. Present : Of the New York Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Jonathan Elmer, Nathan Kerr, Alexander Miller. Of the New Brunswick Presbytery : Rev. Dr. Elihu Spencer. Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. James Sproat, the Rev. Messrs. George Duffield, Alexander Mitchell, James Boyd, James G-rier, Andrew Hunter, William Scheuck, Francis Peppard, Samuel Blair, Israel Evans, Na- thaniel Irwin. Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. John Ewing, Patrick Alison, and the Rev. Mr. Robert Davidson. Of the New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, William McKennan, James Anderson, and John McCreary. Of the Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Craighead, William Linn, Isaac Keith, Matthew Woods, and Robert Cooper. Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Mr. John Miller. Of the Presbytery of Redstone : The Rev. Mr. James Dunlap. Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. James Edmunds. Elders present : Mr. Benjamin Gale, Col. John Bayard, Messrs. Hosea Law- rence, Robert Porter, Robert Boggs, and Robert Patterson. Absent : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. Timothy Jones, the Rev. Drs. John Rodgers, and Hugh Knox, the Rev. Messrs. Simon Hor- ton, Aaron Richards, John Moifatt, Abner Brush, Benjamin Woodruff, Joseph Treat, Azel Roe, Jedidiah Chapman, John Close, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William WoodhuU, Matthias Burnet, Andrew King, John Joline, and the Rev. Dr. Alex- ander McWhorter. Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon and Samuel Smith, the Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Israel Read, John Hannah, John Woodhull, Samuel Kennedy, John Warford, Thomas Smith, and Philip Stockton. Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt, Daniel McCalla, George Faitout, Robert Keith and William Tennent. Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Elder, John Simonton, and Robert McMordie. Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Joseph Montgomery, Thomas Read, Thomas Smith, James Finley, John Finley, Nathaniel Semple, James F. Armstrong, William Smith, James Latta. Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Samuel Thompson, John Hoge, James Hunt, Hugh Magill, James Martin, Colin McFarquar, Amos Thompson, John Slemmons, James Lang, John King, Hugh Vance, John Black, John McKnight, David Beard, John Linn, Samuel Waugh, Joseph Henderson, Ste- phen Balch, and Samuel Dougal. Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Matthew Wilson, Jacob Kerr, Alex- ander Huston, John Rankin, Samuel McMasters. 602 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1784. Of the Presbytery of Kcdstonc : The Rev. Messrs. John McMillan, James Power, Jo., which is a crime, that upon confessing and then forsaking the marriage bed, ought to he, passed over, and had this been added, the judgment would have been very vindicable; but this year's judgment allows them to cohabit, which is the crime directly forbidden by Almighty God ; so that hereby the Synod allow them to continue in the constant violation of a moral negative precept. Therefore, since there is such an agreement, and the last judgment worse than the former, I firmly adhere to the reasons given in my first 1784.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 503 protest as applicable here. I would add, that the Synod has treated with dis- regard the petitions of many worthy persons, who begged, that if the Synod should confirm their former judgment, they would let them know their reasons for so doing, which I think is not done. The only thing like it is their saying in the minute that some things may be done very imprudently and unseasona- bly, which when done ought not to be annulled, which nobody doubts ; but the petitioners expected a proof that this was a thing of that nature, and to have been instructed in it. Upon the whole, although I desire not to promote uneasi- ness, yet knowing it to be my duty to testify against the declensions and dan- gerous innovations in our church, I am obliged by conscience to act as I do in this, and may go further, be offended who will. "James Finley." Adjourned till to-morrow morning nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 20th, nine o'dodc, A. 31. Synod met. Mr. Peppard obtained leave of absence from the remainder of the sessions. — The Rev. John Linn is now come, his reasons for absence from several former meetings of Synod, and not attending sooner at this, sustained. The Rev. Dr. McWhorter and the Rev. Dr. Rodgers are now come, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. Whereas, the Synod last year recommended it to their members to make collections for the purj^osei^f buying Bibles of Mr. Aitken's impression, to be distributed among the poor : And as it appears that that recommendation has not been fully executed, the Synod now renew the order, and earnestly recom- mend it to those who have yet done nothing in that business, to do every thing in their power to promote so good a design, either by purchases in the said impression, or any other they may prefer. The Synod further order the several Presbyteries to pay a special attention to this matter, and that the clerk write to the Presbyteries that are not represented in the Synod, on the same subject. The Synod proceeded to receive the reports of the several Presbyteries, when the Presbytery of New York reported, that they have re-inserted the name of the Rev. William WoodhuU in their records, agreeably to the order of last Sy- nod ; and that they have installed the Rev. Alexander Miller to the pastoral charge of the congregation of South Hanover, since the last Synod. The First Presbytery of Philadelphia report, that they have ordained Mr. Simeon Hyde to the work of the gospel ministry, and installed him in the con- gregation of Deerfield, and that he has been removed by death ; they further report, that they have received the Rev. Mr. Francis Peppard from the Presby- tery of New Brunswick, and dismissed the Rev. AVilliam Hollingshead in con- sequence of his having accepted an invitation from a congregation in Charles- town, South Carolina, all since the last session of Synod. The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that the Rev. Samuel Eakin has been removed by death since last Synod. The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they have dismissed Mr. William Boyd, a licensed candidate under their care, that he may put himself under the care of New Brunswick Presbytery. The Presbytery of Orange reported, that they have since their last report to Synod, ordained Mr. David Barr, and installed him in the congregation of Sandy river ; that they have ordained Mr. Francis Cummings, and installed him in the congregation of Bethel ; and also ordained Mr. James McKee, and installed him in the congregation of Steel Creek ; that they have licensed Messrs. Robert Finley, Robert Hall, Robert Mechlin, and James Newton, to preach the gospel, and that the Rev. Messrs. John Debow and James Campbell have been removed by death. 504 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1784. The Prosliytcrics of New Brunswick, Redstone, and the Second Presbytery of Philadeljihia, informed Synod that they have nothing to report. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. 31. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. Sijnod met. The Rev. Mr. McMordie is now come, his reasons for not coming sooner, sustained. Dr. Spencer informed Synod that the Rev. David McClure, of New England, proposed a journey to the southward to preach the gospel, and that he was de- sirous of obtaining recommendations from Synod to the vacancies in that part of the church. The Synod direct the stated clerk, together with Mr. Duffield, to furnish him with such recommendations, provided he produces to them sufficient testimonials. Mr. Boggs had leave of absence during the remainder of the sessions. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, nine o'clock . Concluded with prayer. 21s/, nine o'clock, A. M. Synod met. Mr. Walker Smith, Dr. Spencer's elder, is now come. The Rev. Dr. Samuel S. Smith is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The Synod having reason, by information given ^ince their present meeting, to apprehend the churches under their care in imminent danger from ministers and licensed candidates of unsound principles coming among us, do hereby renew their former injunction to the respective Presbyteries within their bounds, relative to this matter, and do also strictly enjoin on every member of this body, under pain of censure, to be particularly careful in this respect. And the stated clerk of the Synod is hereby directed to furnish each of our Presbyteries with an attested copy of the said injunctions, together with a copy of this minute. The Presbytery of Orange applied to the Synod for their advice respecting an irregular member of their body, cited to appear and neglecting to attend, or living at so great a distance that he cannot be cited. Ordered, that Mr. Cooper and Mr. Kerr be a committee to prepare and bring in a report on this affair in the afternoon. The Presbytery of Orange represented to Synod that their numbers are so increased, and their bounds so extensive, as to render it very inconveniojit for them to meet in one place. They, therefore, request the Synod to form a num- ber of their member.s into a distinct Presbytery, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of South Carolina. The Synod grant their request, and order the Rev. Messrs. Joseph Alexander, Francis Cummings, James Kdmunds, John Harris, Thomas Rces, and John Simpson, to be set off from the Orange Pres- bytery and formed into a Presbytery as aforesaid, and appoint their first meet- ing to be at the Wexaws, the second Tuc^^day of April next, at eleven o'clock, A. M., and the Rev. James Edmunds to preside in said meeting. The Synod further direct that the line that divides North and South Carolina be in future the line of separation between the Presbytery of Orange and the IVesbytery of South Carolina. Adjourned till half-past three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Half-past three o'clock, 1*. M. Synod met. The committee appointed to bring in a report this afternoon on the ca.sc committed to them, brought in one accordingly, whicli not being aj)prov('(l, the Syno(l adopted the following, viz : In unHW(;r to an apjdieation from the Orange Presbytery for advice in a particular case, which ia expressly provided for in 1785.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 505 the discipline of the Presbyterian Church, advised that they strictly conform themselves to its known rules in such cases provided. The Rev. Dutch Classis of New Brunswick having expressed an uneasi> ness with regard to some members of the Presbyteries of New York and New Brunswick, it was moved that a committee of this Synod be appointed, conditionally, to meet with a committee expected to be appointed by the Dutch Synod, now meeting at New York, at a time and place to be fixed by them, in order to compromise, if possible, all subjects of difierence existing between them, and to determine a line for their future conduct with regard to each other, and to enter into an amicable correspondence with the Dutch com- mittee upon subjects of general utility and friendship between the churches. The Synod upon the motion resolved, that Drs. Rodgers, McWhorter, Spencer, and Smith, and Messrs. Alexander Miller, J. Woodbull, and Israel Read, be a committee accordingly, to meet a committee of the Dutch Synod, for the above mentioned objects, at the time and place the said Synod may please to appoint; and that Dr. Rodgers be appointed to give timely notice to the above mem- bers, of the time and place of the meeting of the committees, as appointed by the Dutch Synod. Agreed to pay the stated clerk twenty shillings for transcribing the minutes of this yeai ; and to pay the janitor thirty shillings for his attendance on the present sessions. Ordered, That Dr. Sproat draw upon the treasurer of Synod for the above sums. Adjourned to meet in the Second Presbyterian Church, in Philadelphia, on the third Wednesday of May, 1785, at eleven o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 1785. Philadelphia, May ISth, 1785. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met according to adjournment, in the Second Presbyterian Church. Ubi post preces sederunt Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Drs. John Rodgers, and Alex- ander McWhorter, and Rev. Messrs. Alexander Miller, and Jonathan Elmer. Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, and Rev. Mr. John Woodbull. Of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Dr. James Sproat, and Rev. Messrs. George DuflBeld, James Boyd, William Mackay Tennent, William Schenck, George Faitout, and Nathaniel Irwin. Of the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Dr. John Ewing, and Rev. Mr. Robert McMordie. Of the Presbytery of New Castle : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Smith, John McCreary, John Carmichael, Thomas Read, James Anderson, Daniel Jones, and William Smith. Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. Robert Cooper, James Martin, John Linn, Isaac Keith, and James Johnston. Of the Presbytery of Lewes : The Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson, John Miller, and William Linn. Elders : Messrs. Jacob WikoflF, William Falconer, John Pinkerton, Joseph Neely, the Hon. John Whitehill, and David McClure. Absent : Of the Presbytery of New York : The Rev. Dr. Hugh Knox, the Rev. Messrs. Simon Horton, Timothy Jones, John Mofi'att, Abner Brush, Benjamin Woodruff, Aaron Richards, Nathan Kerr, Azel Roe, Jedidiah Chap- man, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William WoodhuU, Matthias Burnet, John Joline, Andrew King, and John Close. 64 60^ MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1785. Of New Brunswick Presbytery: The Itev. Messrs. John Guild, Samuel Kennedy, Israel Head, Thomas Smith, John Ilanna, Philip Stockton, Jose}>h Rue, Peter Wilson, John Warford, James Armstrong, and the Kev. IJr. Samuel Stanhope Smith. Of the First Philadelphia Presbytery : The Eev. jMossrs. Francis Peppard, James Grier, James "Watt, Daniel McCalla, Israel Evans, Andrew Hunter, and Samuel Blair. Of the Second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Elder, and John Simonton, and Ilev. Dr. Patrick Alison. Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. William McKennan, James Latta, Alexander Mitchell, Thomas Smyth, Nathaniel Semple, John Evans Finley, and George Luckey. Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thompson, John Iloge, James Hunt, James Lang, John King, John Craighead, Hugh McGill, Amos Thompson, Hugh Vance, Thomas McFerriu, John Black, Colin McFarqu- har, John Slemmons, Samuel Duugal, John 3IcKnight, Joseph Henderson, Samuel Waugh, Stephen Balch, David Beard, and the Rev. Dr. Robert Da- vidson. Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Jacob Kerr, John Rankin, Samuel 3IcMasters, and Alexander Huston. Of Hanover, Orange, Dutchess, Suffolk, Redstone, and the South Carolina Presbyteries, the whole of their members. The Synod was opened by Mr. Elmer, the moderator of last year's meeting, by a sermon on Daniel xii. 3. The Rev. !Mr. Matthew Wilson was chosen moderator, and 3Ir. Duffield and Mr. Tennent clerks. The Rev. Messrs. John Woodhull, George Faitout, William Mackay Ten- nent, Thomas Read, William Smith, and James Martin, gave reasons for ab- sence from last Synod, which were sustained. The present moderator's reasons for absence from several past meetings of Synod, were sustained. Ordered, That the clerks prepare against to-morrow morning, a draught of a letter to the Presbyteries of Hanover, Orange, Dutchess, and Suffolk, re- specting their neglect of attending Synod, and urging their attendance in future. The Rev. Dr. McWhortcr, the Rev. Messrs. Woodhull, Boyd, IMcMordie, Thomas Read, Keith, and William Linn, with Messrs. Faulkner, and White- hill, elders, were appointed a committee of overtures to meet here to-morrow morning at six o'clock, and afterwards by adjournment. Mr. Elmer and Mr. Tennent, were appointed a committee to examine the New Brunswick Presbytery book. Mr. John Miller and Mr. WuDilliull, to examine the Second Philadelphia Presbytery book. Dr. Ewing and Mr. Wil- liam Smith, to examine the Donegal Presbytery book. The books of the other Presbyteries have not been brought in. Mr. Mitchel is now come, his reasons for not attending sooner were sus- tained. The Synod observing with great regret, that the recommendation of the year before last, and renewed last year, respecting a collection to provide a supply of Bibles for the poor, especially those on the frontiers, has, by some means, been greatly neglected, do again renew the said recommendation, and earnestly recjuest the respective I'resbyteries that have not attended thereto, to pay a special attention to this matter, and to send the money that may be col- lccte)-uod as a nicmbor of that rrcsbytery. The rrosbytory of Lcwestown reported, that Mr. Alexander Huston, one of their members, departed this life on the third of last January ; and that they have, since our last, received Mr. William Linn from the Presbytery of Donegal. A difficulty having arisen respecting Mr. Montgomery's name being left out of the records of New Castle Presbytery, for the reasons assigned in their report, Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. McWhortor, and Dr. Alison, were appointed a committee to consider that part of their report, and to prepare against to- morrow morning, a draught of a plan to direct the conduct of Presbyteries in such cases. A recommendation of last Synod, respecting members of Presbyteries be- coming contributors to the widows' fund, having been omitted in transcribing the minutes into the Synod book, was ordered now to be entered, and is as fol- lows, viz : " The corporation of the widows' fund represented to the Synod, that the benevolent purposes of their institution were likely to be frustrated through the delinquency of some ministers who have been formerly contributors, and have not been punctual in paying their annual rates ; and by reason also of the young members of Synod, through the distracted state of public afiairs, not having become contributors." The Synod, after seriously considering said representation, agree to recom- mend it to all their members, that those who have not become contributors, should, as soon as possible, become such, and embrace the privileges oflfered them by the said corporation ; and likewise, that those who arc, or may be contributors, should be careful and punctual in their annual payments. It is, moreover, enjoined by the Synod on all their Presbyteries, that they be very exact in laying before every young minister whom they may settle, all the ad- vantages of being a contributor to the said fund. And the Synod agree, yearly to inquire of the Presbyteries, when the reports from the same are given in, with respect to their diligence in recommending this matter to their young mem- bers. And it is likewise recommended to all the congregations, where they shall settle a minister, to be careful to encourage their minister to become a contributor to the said fund. The committee appointed by the Synod last year, to meet with the com- mittee of the Low Dutch lleformed Synod of New York and New Jersey, report, that they were disappointed of meeting by a mistake, and one of the members of the committee informing the Synod that some of the brethren of the Dutch Synod, and one of the members of the Associate lleformed Synod, had expressed a desire of some measures being taken for promoting a friendly intercourse between the three Synods, or laying a plan for some kind of union among them, whereby they might be enabled to unite their interests, and com- bine their efftjrts, for promoting the great cause of truth and vital religion ; and at the same time giving it as their judgment, that sueii plan was practi- cable : The Synod were happy in finding such a disposition in the brethren of the above Synods, and cheerfully concur with them in thinking that such a measure is both desirabh; and practicable, and therefore ai»point Drs. Withcr- sjKJon, Jones, Kodgers, McWh(trt(ir, Smith, INlessrs. Martin, Duffield, Alex- ander Miller, Israel Read, John WoodhuU, and Nathan Kerr, a coniniittee to meet with such committees as may be appointed by the Low Dutch Synod now sitting in New York, and by the A.ssociate Synod, to nu!et in that city next week, at such time and plac(; as may be agreed upon, to confer with the brethren of said Synods on this imi)ortant subject, and to concert such measures with them for the accomplishment of these great ends as they shall judge expedient, and report the same to the next meeting of this Synod. 1785.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 509 The above committee are also to do what may be 'necessary on the business for which the committee first mentioned in this minute were appointed. Ordered, That Dr. Rodgers give notice to the above committee of the time and place of their meeting. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. IQiJi day, three cidock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui mpra. Mr. Hunter and Mr. Grier are now come, their reasons for not attending sooner, sustained. The clerks brought in, agreeably to the order of yesterday, a draught of a letter to be sent to the Presbyteries of Hanover, Orange, Suffolk, and Dutchess, which, after some amendments, was approved, and is as follows, viz : " It is with great concern the Synod have observed, that for several years past, very few members have attended from some of our distant Presbyteries ; and that some others have been entirely unrepresented in our meetings. They are very sensible that your great distance, and the difficulties of the times, have rendered an attendance very inconvenient ; but they cannot refrain from ex- pressing their apprehensions, lest, if such non-attendance continue, the mem- bers of the body may become entire strangers to each other, and the general interests of the churches under our care sustain damage, through want of pro- per information and joint counsel respecting the state of affairs in the various parts; and, therefore, most earnestly request, that, as the difficulties which may for some time past have greatly obstructed are now happily removed, you will endeavour to have some of your members at each of our meetings, who may afford information of the state of the churches, and report to you such measures as may be devised for the general good. The Synod wish also to sug- gest their fears, lest a habit of neglect should be insensibly introduced, to the weakening of each other's hands, the discouraging the comparatively few that attend, and the great injury, if not entirely mouldering away of the body ; events, which they rest assured, you would by no means wish to take place, and will, therefore, they persuade themselves, endeavour, as far as in your power, to prevent. But should it at any time so happen, that it may not be in the power of any of your members to attend, (which it is hoped will be but very seldom the case, if due care be taken,) it will give the Synod great pleasure to hear from you by letter, of the state of your affairs, and the circumstances which shall have rendered it impracticable to attend. You will do us the justice to believe, that a sincere desire to promote your comfort and ours, and the prospe- rity of the churches committed to our common care, induces us thus earnestly to solicit your careful attention to this matter." Ordered, That a copy of said letter, signed by the moderator in the name of the Synod, be sent to each of those Presbyteries. The following question, referred to Synod by the Presbytery of Donegal for their decision, was brought in by the committee of overtures, viz : '' Whether, on full proof of adultery by one party, the Presbytery has a right to declare the marriage so i\ir void as that the innocent party may marry again without being liable to church censure ?" And after some time spent in debating the case, it was moved and agreed, that each member should speak to the question in the order of the roll. After which the vote was put, and the question carried in the affirmative, by a small majority. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 610 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1785. 20//( day, nine o'clock, A. M. Post jvcccs sederunt qui snjyra. Mr. Samuel Duak, of Hanover rresbytcry, is now come, his reasons for not attending for several years past, nor sooner now, were sustained. No report has been made from Hanover Presbytery. Mr. John Burton, who was reported by New York Presbytery to have been taken under their care, produced his testimonials, which were approved. The committee appointed yesterday, on a part of the report of New Castle Presbytery, brought in a draught, which was read and approved, and is as fol- h'ws, viz : " The Synod disapprove of the conduct of the Presbytery of New Castle, in striking the name of Mr. Mnntgomery oil their roll for the reasons given in their report, neither of which, nor both together, seem to be sufficient; and in future recommend to all Presbyteries, when any ministers under their inspection resign their charge, or discontinue the exercise of their office while they remain in the same bounds, to pass a regular judgment on the reasons given for such conduct ; and continue their inspection of those who shall not have deserved to be deprived of the ministerial character, though they may be laid aside from immediate usefulness. An application was made from the corporation of the widows' fund by a de- putation from that body, requesting the Synod to urge such of their members as have become contributors to the said fund, to be punctual in their payments, that the benevolent designs of the fund may not be prevented ; and to recommend it to such of their members, and especially those lately ordained, as have not become contributors and may yet be admitted, to apply as speedily as possible for that j)urpose, as the corporation have agreed that if the number of ministers contributing to the fund do not soon amount to a sufficiency for preserving the fund, they will be under the disagreeable necessity of admitting as many laymen as may be necessary to complete that number, at the same time fixing it as a rule to be invariably observed, to give a preference to ministers when any offi^r; reserving always to young ministers the privilege of becoming contributors. The Synod agree to recommend, and do hereby recommend to all their mem- bers who have become contributors to the said fund, to observe the greatest punctuality in paying their annual rates, that the benevolent designs of the in- stitution may not be prevented; and to such as have not already become contri- butors, and Jiavc it yet in their power, that they embrace without delay so fa- vourable an opportunity of providing for their families after their decease. The Synod also earnestly recommend to their Presbyteries to represent to young men that may be under their care, the advantage of becoming contributors, and to endeavour to engage them thereto. iJr. McA\'h(jrter obtained leave of absence for the remaining part of the sessions. Adjourned till three o'clock, i'. M. Concluded with prayer. 20th dai/, three o clock, P. M. Post jireces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Doak laid before Synod an application, signed by Messrs. Ilezekiah Balch, Charles Cummings, and Samiud Doak, members of Hanover Presby- tery, requesting that that part of Hanover J'resbytery lying soutli of New ]liv(T, might be erected into a separate Presbytery, by the name of Abingdon I'rcsbytery ; to be bounded by New lliver, on the side next to Hanover I'res- bytery, and by the Apalachian Mountains on the side next to Orange Presby- tery. A ccrtilicatc of the concurrence of Hanover Presbytery with the above request being produced, 1785.] NEW YOEK AND PHILADELPHIA. 511 Resolved, That the Synod grant the request ; and they do hereby constitute those members of Hanover Presbytery who are settled within the above de- scribed bounds to be a distinct Presbytery, to be known by the name of the Presbytery of Abingdon, and appoint their first meeting to be held at Salem church, the first Tuesday of next August, and that Mr. Doak preside as mode- rator in the said meeting ; and that they make report to the Synod at our next session. Mr. Clark had leave to go home On motion, ordered, that Dr. Sproat, Mr. Dufiield, and Mr. Daniel Jones, be a committee to revise the records of Synod from its earliest meeting, and point out such inaccuracies and improprieties as may occur, and select the re- gulations made by Synod from time to time, that they may be transcribed into a book to be provided for that purpose, and lay the whole before Synod at their next meeting. Adjourned till nine o'clock, A. M. to-morrow. Concluded with prayer. 21st dai/, nine o'docJa, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. An application was made from the Presbytery of New Castle for leave to ordain Mr. Barr, a licensed candidate under their care, in order that he may travel through the vacancies in the southern states, which was granted. Mr. John Hiddleson, an ordained minister from the Presbytery of Belfast, in Ireland, produced his credentials to the Synod, and prayed to be receivedir into this body as a member of New Castle Presbytery. Ordered, That Dr. Witherspoon, Messrs. Robert Smith, John Miller, Mc- Farquhar, Cooper, and WoodhuU, be a committee to examine into the authenti- city of the said credentials, and to enter into free conversation with the young gentleman, and to report their opinion upon the whole to the Synod on Monday morning. Ordered, That the Synod books of the old Synods of New York and Phila- delphia, before the union of the said Synods, as well as the Synod book of the united Synod of New York and Philadelphia, and all other necessary papers, be deposited in the hands of the stated clerk of the Synod, that it may be easy to have recourse to them on all occasions. Mr. William McKee, an ordained minister from the Presbytery of Belfast, in Ireland, who had been received as a member of the first Presbytery of Phila- delphia, produced his credentials to the Synod, agreeably to order, which being examined and approved, Mr. McKee took his seat in Synod as a member of said Presbytery. An overture was brought in, in the following terms, viz : " Whether in the present state of the church in America, and the scarcity of ministers to fill our numerous congregations, the Synod, or Presbyteries, ought therefore to relax, in any degree, in the literary qualifications required of intrants into the ministry V And it was carried in the negative by a great majority. An appeal was brought in by Mr. Francis Hindman, from a judgment of the Presbytery of Donegal, expressed in the following words, viz : " Mr. Hindman having appealed from a judgment of the session of Han- over, because he was not regularly cited ; because the session did not take be- fore them the merits of the cause ; because he considered them as his accusers j and because he was refused the privilege of introducing witnesses in his de- fence. The minutes of the session were read, and Mr. Hindman heard in sup- port of his appeal, and, upon a full view of the whole, the Presbytery are of opinion, that the reasons of the appeal are entirely unsupported ; that the pro- ceedings of the session were regular, and their judgment well founded ; and 612 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1785. therefore judtro, that the said Francis Hindraan, before he be admitted to the distinguisliing privileges of the church, shall publicly ackuowlodge his fault ia treating the llcv. Mr. Woods, a uicniber of i'rcsbytcrj, and Mrs. Woods, his wife, iu an injurious, abusive, and insulting manner ; profess his repentance for it, and be rebuked and admonished for the same in the presence of the con- gregation of Hanover on a Sabbath day after sermon. — Extract of the minutes of the Presbytery of Donegal. Joseph Henderson, Presbytery clerk. Mr. Hindman was called upon to produce to Synod tbe reasons of his appeal; after a long and full hearing of which, the hearing of the Presbytery in justiti- cation of their decision, was deferred till iMonday morning. Adjourned till 3Iouday morning ten o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 23(7 day, Monday, ten o'clocl-, A.. M. Post prcccs sedcr^int qui supra. The committee appointed to examine Mr. Iliddleson's credentials, and to converse with him, brought in their report in the following terms, A'iz. " Your committee report it as their opinion, that Mr. lliddleson ought not, at present, to be annexed as a member, to any Presbytery belonging to your body ; but that, if he choose, he may be committed to the care of some Presbytery, who may proceed with him as they may judge best, and make report to the Synod at their next meeting :" which was approved. The affair of Mr. Ilindman's appeal was resumed; and after the minutes of the session of Hanover were read, together with the judgment of the Pres- bytery on the affair, and the Presbytery were heard in their defence, as also Mr. Hindman's reply, the Synod proceeded to consider the matter, and after some time spent in debating on the case, the question was put to affirm or re- verse the judgment of the Presbytery, and was carried to affirm it, by a very great majority. Adjourned till four o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 23cf day ^ four o^clocJc, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui svpra. A motion was made and seconded, that no person be admitted on trials as a candidate for the ministry, until he shall have employed two years at least in the study of Divinity, after his having passed the usual course of a liberal edu- cation; and after some time spent on the subject, the further consideration of it was deferred till our next meeting. On motion. Ordered, That it be enjoined, and it is hereby enjoined, on every Presbytery to subject every candidate on trials fur the ministry, to an accurate examination on the discipline of the Presbyterian Church. On motion, Ordered, That Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. llodgers, Mr. Robert Smith, Dr. Alison, Dr. Smith, Messrs. WoodhuU, Cooper, Latta, and Duffield, with the moderator, Mr. AV'ilson, be a committee to take into consideration the constitution of the church of Scotland, and other I'rotestant churches, and agreeably to the general principles of Presbyterian government, compile a sys- tem of general rules for the government of the Synod, and the several I'resby- teries under their inspection, and the people in their communiun, and to make report of their proceeding herein at the next meeting of Synod. It was moved and secrtnded, that the Synodical clerk be required to trans- mit annually to each IVesbytcry belonging to the Synod, an attested copy of all general regulations of Synod, as well as of those that nu)re immediately regard any I'resbytery in particular, and that each Presbytery be required to enjoin on their clerk to furnish each member of the Presbytery with an au- Oientic copy of the same, that by a general intelligence of the act.s of the su- 1785.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 513 preme judicature being thus communicated to all, the wliole body may be brought to operate with concert and vigour, and that none may have ignorance as a plea for the neglect of duty. The consideration of this was deferred till our next meeting. An overture was brought in, that for the better management of the churches under our care, this Synod be divided into three Synods, and that a General Synod, or Assembly, be constituted out of the whole. The Synod agree to enter on the consideration of this overture, on the first Friday after their next meeting, and appoint Dr. Smith to transmit a copy of this overture to such of the Presbyteries as are not at present represented in Synod, and earnestly urge their attendance at our next meeting. The Synod considering the education of youth, and their being early in- structed in just principles of religion, as one of the most useful means of pro- moting the influence of the gospel in our churches, Kesolved, that it be en- joined on every Presbytery, in appointing supplies to their vacant congregations, to take order that every vacant congregation within their limits be carefully catechized at least once in the year, in the same manner as is required by the order of our church, in congregations supplied with regular pastors, and that the ministers appointed to this duty be required at the next meeting of the Presbytery, to render an account of their fidelity in this respect, and that the Presbyteries be required to render an account of their attention to this order at the next meeting of Synod. Resolved, also, that it be enjoined on all congregations to pay a special regard to the good education of children, as being intimately connected with the in- terests of morality and religion ; and that, as schools under bad masters, and a careless management, are seminaries of vice rather than of virtue, the session, cor- poration, or committee of every congregation, be required to endeavour to establish one or more schools in such place, or places, as shall be most conve- nient for the people ; that they be particularly careful to procure able and vir- tuous teachers ; that they make the erection and care of schools a part of their congregational business, and endeavour to induce the people to support them by contribution, being not only the most efiectual, but, eventually, the cheapest way of supporting them; that the Presbyteries appoint particular members, or if possible committees, to go into vacant congregations to promote similar institutions ; that the corporation, session, or committee of the congregation, visit the school, or schools, at least once in three months, to inquire into the conduct of the master, and the improvement of the children, and to observe particularly his care to instruct them, at least one day in the week, in the prin- ciples of religion; that the Presbyteries, in appointing ministers to supply vacant congregations, require it as an indispensable part of their duty, to visit at the same time the schools, and require at the next meeting of the Presby- tery, an account of their fidelity in this respect, and of the state of the schools ; and that, in these schools effectual provision be made for the education of the children of the poor ; and that, at the visitations of the schools, one or two of the most ingenious and virtuous of the poor children be annually selected, in order to give them a more perfect education, and thereby qualify these inge- nious charity scholars, to become afterwards useful instructors in our congrega- tional schools. A motion was made in the following terms, viz. " Whereas the nearest uni- formity that is practicable in the external modes of Divine worship is to be desired, and the using difi'erent books of psalmody is matter of ofience, not only to Presbyterians of different denominations, but also to many congregations un- der our care ; it is queried, if the Synod might not choose out, and order some of their number to take the assistance of all the versions in our power, and compose for us a version more suitable to our circumstances and taste than any 65 514 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [17S6. wo vot have ; which, having been read, and seconded, after some conversation thereon, the (jucstion was put, whether to appoint a committee, or defer, and was carried by a small majority to appoint. Whereupon Dr. Alison, ])r. David- son, ]>r. Ewing, Mr. Blair, and iMr. Jones, were appointed a committee for that purpose, who are to make report of their diligence herein at our next meeting. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. 24:th day, (^Tuesday ^ nine o^cloch, A. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. (Except Messrs. Boyd, Schenck, Mitchell, Irwin, Grier, Jones, Monroe, Slemmons, and William Lynn, who have left the Synod without leave.) New Brunswick Presbytery book was examined as far as to page 'I'll, and approved, except a few inaccuracies of expression, and their appointing an exe- gesis in English. The Second Philadelphia Presbytery book was examined as far as page 1G4, and approved, except some inaccuracies, and omitting on their records their in- quiry into the religious character of a young man taken on trials for the work of the ministry. Donegal Presbytery book was examined as far as page 325, and approved, except a few inaccuracies. Dr. Sproat requested that he might be allowed to resign his office as stated clerk of the Synod, which was granted, and Mr. Duffield was appointed in his Stead to take charge of the records of Synod, as their stated clerk. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of next May, to meet in the First Pres- byterian Church in this city, at eleven of the clock, ante meridiem. Concluded with prayer. 1786. Philadeljyhia, 3fay 17th, 1786, 11 o'cJocIc, A. M. The SjTiod of New York and Philadelphia, met according to adjournment, in the First Presbytery Church. Uhi jwst preces sederunt Present : Of the Presbytery of New York : The llev. Dr. John Bodgers, the KcY. Mes.srs. Alexander Miller and William Lynn. Of the Presbytery of New Brunswick : The llev. Messrs. John Woodhull, Joseph Hue, James Armstrong and Jospch Clark. Of the First Presbytery of PhiUul(!lj)hia : The Rev. Drs. James Sproat and George Duffield, Rev. Messrs. Francis Peppard, Samuel Blair, James Boyd, James Grier, William Mackey Tcnnent, George Faitout, Andrew Hunter, and William McKee. Of the Second Presbytery of Philadelphia : The Rev. Drs. John Ewing and Patrick Ali.son, and Rev. Messrs. John Simontou and Robert Mc^Iordie. Of the Presbytery of New Castle: The Rev. jNIessrs. Rol)ert Smith, James Latta, Nathaniel Welshard Semple, William Smith, and John Edwards Finley. Of the Presbytery of Donegal : The Rev. Messrs. John Iloge, James Mar- tin, John Jiynn, Samuel Waugh, and James Johnston. Of the I'rcsbytery of Lewcstowu : The Rev. Messrs. Matthew Wilson and John Miller. Of the Presbytery of Hanover : The Rev. Messrs. William Graham, John Blair Smith, 'Moses lloge, and Samuel Carrick. 1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 515 Of the Presbytery of Abingdon : The Rev. Mr. Samuel Houston. "With the foUowing elders : Messrs. William Irwin, Kennet Haukerson, Isaac Snowden, Jacob Mulford, John Burling, Robert Taggart, John Whitehill, James Biggams, and James Mercer. Absent : The whole of the Presbyteries of Dutchess and SuiFolk. Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. Timothy Jones, Hugh Knox, and Alexander McWhortcr, and Rev. Messrs. Jonathan Elmer, Nathan Kerr, Azel Roe, Benjamin Woodruff, Aaron Richards, Jedidiah Chapman, William Wood- hull, John Moffatt, John Close, Abner Brush, Jacob Vaoarsdalen, Andrew King, John Joline, and John McDonald. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. John Witherspoon and Samuel Stanhope Smith, and Rev. Messrs. John Guild, Samuel Kennedy, Israel Read, John Hannah, Thomas Smith, John Warford, Philip Stockton, Peter Wilson, and William Boyd. Of the first Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Watt, William Scheuck, Nathaniel Irwin, Daniel McCalla, and Israel Evans. Of the second Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. John Elder. Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. William McKennan, John McCreary, James Anderson, Thomas Smith, Thomas Read, Alexander Mitchel, Daniel Jones, George Luckey, and James Monroe. Of Donegal Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Robert Davidson, and Rev. Messrs. Samuel Thomson, Colin McFarquhar, John Slemmons, Amos Thompson, James Lang, James Hunt, John King, Robert Cooper, John Craighead, Hugh McGill, Hugh Yance, Thomas McFerren, Samuel Dougal, John Black, John McKnight, David Beard, Joseph Henderson, Stephen Balch, and Matthew Stephens. Of Lewestown Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Jacob Kerr, John Rankin, and Samuel McMasters. Of Hanover Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd, John Brown, James Waddel, William Irwin, Archibald Scott, Edward Craw- ford, James McConnell, John Montgomery, William Wilson, Benjamin Irwin, John McCue, Samuel Shannon, Andrew McClure, and James Mitchel. Of the Presbytery of Orange : The Rev. Messrs. Henry Patillo, David Cald- well, Samuel McCorkle, Robert Archibald, Thomas Craighead, John Casson, James McKee, David Barr, and Jacob Lake. Of Redstone Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Clark, James Power, James Finley, Joseph Smith, John McMillan, Thaddeus Dodd, and James Dunlap. Of Abingdon Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. David Roe, Charles Cummings, Hezekiah Balch, Samuel Doak, and Adam Rankin. And the whole of the South Carolina Presbytery. The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. Matthew Wilson, the last year's moderator, by a sermon on 1 Corinthians i. 17. Mr. Alexander Miller was chosen moderator, and Messrs. William Tennent and William Lynn, clerks. Mr. Roe was excused for not attending our last meeting. Messrs. Francis Peppard, John Simonton, James Latta, John E. Finley, Moses Hoge, Samuel Waugh, William Graham, John B. Smith, and Samuel Carrick, gave reasons for their absence from last Synod, which were sus- tained. Rov. Messrs. William Lynn, Clark, Blair, Simonton, Latta, Hoge, Wilson, Graham, Houston, with Messrs. Isaac Snowden, Robert Taggart, and John Whitehill, elders, were appointed a committee of overtures to meet here to-mor- row morning, at six o'clock, and afterwards by adjournment. The Presbytery of New York reported, that they had, since our last meet- 516 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786. inp, licensed Mr. Joseph Lindly to preach the gospel, and ordained Mr. James Wilson to the work of the gospel ministry as co-pastor with Dr. Kodgers in New York, and Mr. McDonald to the work of tlic ministry in the city of Albany ; that they had received Mr. William Lynn as a member with them on a dismission and testimonial from the Presbytery- of Lewestown ; that they had received Mr. James Glassbrook, lately from England, as a member of their Presbytery on proper testimonials ; that they had dismissed Mr. Matthias 13urnet from their body to join the association of the western district of Fair- field county, in the state of Connecticut ; and that they had received Mr. James Wilson, an ordained minister from Scotland, on testimonials produced by him from the Presbytery of Irvine; Mr. Glassbrook's and Mr. Wilson's testi- monials were laid before Synod and approved, and they being present took their seats. The Presbytery of New Brunswick reported, that they had, since our last, licensed Messrs. Ashbel Green, Ira Condict, and Asa Dunham, to preach the gospel ; and have received as a member of their bodj-, the Key. James Muir, of the Island of Bermudas. The first Presbytery of Philadelphia reported, that they had, since our last, licensed Mr. James Snodgrass and Mr. Nathan Grier, and had received the Rev. Mr. John Johnston from the Presbytery of Belfast, in Ireland ; and that they had received the Kev. Mr. William Pickles, who had been ordained to the work of the ministry by a number of di.ssenting ministers in England. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. TJiursday, ISth day, at nine o'clock, A. M. the Synod met. Post prccea sederunt qui siq^ra. Messrs. McCreary, Keith, James Finley, and James Hait, being now come, gave their reasons for not attending sooner, which were sustained. The testimonials of the Kev. Mr. John Johnston, and of the Kev. iMr. Wil- liam Pickles, were laid before Synod and approved, they being present took their seats as members of this body. The Presbytery of New Castle reported, that they had, since our last, or- dained to the work of the ministry, Mr. John Burton ; that Mr. John Carmi- chael had been removed by death upon the 15th of November last; that they discontinued Mr. Joseph Montgomery in their roll; and had dismis.'^ed Mr. James Armstrong to join the Presbytery of New Brunswick ; that they had in consequence of permission obtained last year, ordained 3Ir. Barr, sine littdo, and no longer considered Mr. Andrew Wilson as being under their care. ]\Ir. Bur- ton and Mr. Barr being present took their seats. The Presbytery of Donegal reported, that they had, since our last, admitted Mr. Hugh Morrison, a licensed candidate, from the Presbytery of Hoot, in Ire- land, to preach in their bounds, but his testimonials are not here to lay before Synod; and had installed Mr. Matthew Stephens as pastor of the united con- gregation of Derry and Wayne, on Juniata. The Presbytery of Hanover reported, that the Rev. Mr. James McConnel is a member of their Presbytery, though omitted in a report made by the Rev. Samuel I. Smith, in ITlSU; that they had ordained I\Ie.ssrs. Moses iLige, John McCue, Samuel Houston, Samuel Carrick, Adam Rankin, Andrew MeClure, James Mitchell, Samuel Shannon, and John D. Bhiir, to the work of the gosjiel ministry, to j)articular charges, since May, 1782; and that they have licensed Mr. William Mahan to preach tlie gospel. Mr. Iloge, Mr. Carrick, Mr. Hous- ton, and Mr. JJlair, being present, took their seats. The, J'resbytery of Suffolk reported, by a letter, that since they were last represented in Synod, the Rev. Messrs. Ebenczer Prime, of Huntingdon, Syl- 1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 517 vanus "White, of Southampton, and Benjamin Talmage, of Brook Haven, had departed this life ; that thej had ordained Mr. Joshua Williams to the charge of the Church of Christ at Southampton, and Mr. Nathan "WoodhuU to the pastoral charge of the Church of Huntingdon. Mr. WoodhuU and INIr. Armstrong were appointed to examine the first Phila- delphia Presbytery book, and Mr. John Lynn and Mr. Waugh to examine the Lewestown Presbytery book. The testimonials of the Rev. Mr. James Thompson, late of the Presbytery of Dundee, in Scotland, were laid before Synod, and approved, whereupon he was admitted to join himself to any Presbytery belonging to this body as he may see meet, and, being invited, sat as a correspondent. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. ISth day, tliree o'clock, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The Synod finding that Mr. Treat had not joined the Presbytery of New Brunswick, agreeably to the design of his dismission from the Presbytery of New York, ordered, that the Presbytery of New Brunswick call upon Mr. Treat to give the reasons of his conduct, and take order accordingly. The committee ordered at our last to revise the records of Synod, &c. reported, that they had not performed that business, the Synod therefore agreed that the order be renewed, except that instead of pointing out inaccuracies and impro- prieties, which was enjoined in the former order, an index be made of all the principal transactions contained in the records. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Friday, \^th day, nine o'clock, A. M. Post p>reces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Thomas Read, Dr. Smith, Mr. McKennan, Mr. Nathan Kerr, Mr. War- ford, Dr. Witherspoon, and Mr. William Boyd, being now come, gave reasons for not attending sooner, which were satisfactory. Mr. John Pinkerton, Dr. Dufiield's elder, is now come. Agreeably to the order of the day, as stated in the minutes of the last year, the Synod proceeded to consider whether '' this Synod shall be divided into three Synods, and that a General Synod, or Assembly, be constituted out of the whole." On motion. Resolved, That instead of the words " into three Synods," the words " into three or more Synods," be adopted. Mr. Anderson being now come, gave reasons for not attending sooner, which were sustained. The following motion was made and seconded, viz : the Synod considering the number and extent of the churches under their care, and the inconvenience of the present mode of government by one Synod, resolved, that this Synod will establish, out of its own body, three or more subordinate Synods, out of which shall be composed a G-eneral Assembly, Synod, or Council, agreeably to a system hereafter to be adopted. Upon the question being put, Will the Synod adopt the resolution aforesaid, or not ? it was carried in the affirmative. Mr. Pickles obtained leave of absence. The following gentlemen were appointed to prepare and report a plan for the division of Synod into three or more Synods, viz : Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Smith, Dr. Dufiield, Dr. Alison, Mr. Latta, Mr. Martin, Mr. Matthew Wilson, Mr. Graham, Mr. Houston, Mr. James Finley, and Mr. Hall. Adjourned till three o'clock in the afternoon. Concluded with prayer. fcl8 MINUTES OF Tire SYNOD OF [1786. 19/7i (Jay, three o'cIocJc, P. M. Post prcces sederunt qui sujyra. The conimittoe appointed by the Synod last year, to meet with the committees of the Low Dutch lieformcd Synod of New York and New Jersey, and of the Associate lleformed Synod, made report of tlieir proceedings, which is as fol- lows, viz : " Proceedings of the comniittces appointed by the Synod of the Low Dutch Reformed Church of New Y'ork and New Jersey, of the Presbyterian Synod of New York and Philadelphia, and of the Associate Kcfornicd Synod, met at New Y'ork the 5th day of October, 17S5. '' The meeting was opened with prayer by the llev. David Telfair. " The members present : Of the committee appointed by the Dutch Pa'f(U-med Synod: Dr. John H. Livingston, the Kev. Messrs. J. K. Ilardenbcrgli, — llo- meyn, Solomon Freligh, and ]>r. Westerlo. Elders : Messrs. l*hilip Nagle, Henry Kennedy, and William Schermerhnrn. "Of the committee appointed by the Synod of New Y''ork and Philadelphia: Drs. John Kodgers, Alexander McWhorter, Samuel Smith, the llev. Messrs. Nathan Kerr, and John Woodhull. " Of the committee of the Associate Reformed Synod : the Rev. Messrs. John Smith, David Telfair, John Mason, and Robert Annan. ''The Rev. David Telfair was chosen moderator, and Dr. Samuel Smith, and Mr. Solomon Freligh, were chosen clerks. "A motion was made by Dr. Rodgers, and seconded by Mr. Ilardenbergh, that the respective committees produce their commissions, which being produced and approved, were ordered to lie on the table. "The respective committees communicated to each other in writing, or ver- bally, an explicit detail of the standards, both in regard of the doctrine and discipline observed in the respective churches they represent. " On motion, a committee of two from each committee, was appointed to meet this evening, to converse on, and digest the several subjects to be laid before the Convention. The gentlemen appointed were Messrs. John K. Ilar- denbergh, Dr. Westerlo, Dr. McWhorter. Dr. Samuel Smith, Robert Annan, and John Smith. ** The Convention adjourned till to-morrow at five o'clock, P, M. " Thursday, five o'clock, P. M. " The Convention met, according to adjournment, and was opened with prayer. " The Rev. Dr. Withcrspoon appeared and took his scat. " The cDmmittee of six made report of what had been digested and deter- mined by them, in conformity with the spirit and intention of their commission, being as follows, viz : <* The inquiries proposed by the committee of the Dutch Church were read. " The first contained a recjuest to know what the formulas of doctrine and worship are, to which each of the Synods respectively adhere, and the mode in which they testify that adherence, and j)revent or punish any departure from them. The answer, on the jiart of tiie Reformed Dutch Synod, was contained in the representation given in by tiieir committee in writing, to the convention. "On the part of the Synod of New York and IMiiladelpliia, it is contained in the representation given in by their committee, articles first and fifth, viz : "Article Ist : The Synod of New York and Phila(lilj)hia adopt, according to the known and established meaning of the terms, the Westminster Confes- sion of Faith as the confession of their faith, save that every candidate for the 1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 519 gospel ministry is permitted to except against so much of tlie twenty-third chapter as gives authority to the civil magistrates in matters of religion. The Presbyterian Church in America considers the Church of Christ as a spiritual society, entirely distinct from the civil government, having a right to regulate their own ecclesiastical policy, independently of the interposition of the magistrate. " The Synod also receives the directory for public worship and the form of church government recommended by the AVestminster Assembly as in substance agreeable to the institutions of the New Testament. This mode of adoption we use, because we believe the general platform of our government to be agreeable to the sacred Scriptures ; but we do not believe that God has been pleased so to reveal and enjoin every minute circumstance of ecclesiastic government and dis- cipline as not to leave room for orthodox churches of Christ, in these minutiae, to differ with charity from one another. ''Article 5th : The rules of our discipline and the form of process in our church judicatures, are contained in Pardovan's (alias Stewart's) collections in conjunction with the acts of our own Synod, the power of which, in matters purely ecclesiastical, we consider as equal to the power of any Synod or General Assembly in the world. Our church judicatures, like those in the church of Scotland, from which we derive our origin, are Church Sessions, Presbyteries and Synods, to which it is now in contemplation to add a National and General Assembly. " On the part of the Associate Reformed Synod, the answer was given in a verbal representation, by the Rev. Mr. Mason, and is, in substance, very analogous to that made by the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, " Resolved, That the formulas and standards adopted by the respective repre- sentations, are mutually satisfactory, and lay a sufficient basis for the fraternal correspondence and concord of the several Synods. " To the second inquiry, whether the corresponding Synods, in order to lay the foundation of entire confidence in each other, were willing to give solemn and mutual assurances of their vigilance and fidelity in requiring of their eccle- siastical officers an explicit and unequivocal assent to their present formulas or standards of discipline and faith ; and will take such measures as to them re- sj)ectively shall seem most reasonable and efi"ectual to secure the same fidelity and orthodoxy in all time to come ; the answer was unanimously given in the affirmative. " Resolved, That the nature of these assurances be left to be determined by the convention. " The third inquiry was, whether the Synods will agree mutually to watch over each other's purity in doctrine and discipline, and whether they will agree mutually to receive complaints that may be made by either of the others against particular members of their respective bodies, who may be supposed to be departing from the faith, or from the exactness of their church discipline. Agreed in the affirmative, but that the mode shall be referred to the general convention. " The fourth inquiry was, whether the Synods would mutually promise to in- troduce and maintain in their church the most exact discipline, according to their several standards, that the circumstances of the country and the spirit of the people will bear. "Resolved, That this is an article of the utmost importance; and resolved, moreover, that it be recommended to the convention to consider of, and adopt, proper means for aiding the exercise of discipline by discouraging fugitives from it out of any of the churches; and especially by not receiving any persons to church membership without sufficient credentials of their good moral character 520 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786 and orderly behaviour from the church to which they now iuimciliately belong, or have lately belnnged. " The fifth in(iuiry relates to grievances or causes of complaint that may have arisen between tlie ministers or congregations of the respective Synods. " Kesolved, That they ought to be candidly heard, and the most speedy and effectual measures taken as far as possible to redress them. "The sixth and last inquiry or proposition respects some mode of establish- ing a visible intercourse and permanent correspondence between the several Synods. " llesolved. That this subject be referred to tlie consideration of the conven- tion : but that it be recommended to the convention to endeavour to establish an annual convention of the three Synods, by their delegates, which may con- sist of at least three ministers and three elders from each, and that the general objects of this annual convention be, to strengthen each other's hands in the great work of the gospel ministry ; to give, and to receive, mutual information of the state of religion within their respective churches ; to consider of, and adopt, the most prudent means to prevent or remedy any causes of dissension that may happen to arise between our respective congregations, agreeably to the instructions that may be given by the respective Synods ; and to concert measures for uniting our efforts to defend and promote the principles of the gospel, and oppose the progress of infidelity and error; and to adopt plans for effectually assisting the exercise of discipline in our churches, and encouraging each other in its execution; and for such other pur^wses as the convention may think proper. *' Resolved, To recommend that the first meeting of the above convention shall be held on the second Tuesday of October, 1780, at New York, and afterwards at such time and place as shall be appointed at the preceding con- vention. ** Which report being read and ordered to a second reading, was thereupon or- dered to be read by paragraphs. Whereupon resolved, that the report of the committee be approved and adopted. *' With relation, however, to those matters referred by said committee to this convention, as being by them left undetermined, "llesolved 1st. On the second inquiry, that the manner in which the Synods shall give a solemn pledge to each other of the formula of their faith which they have here openly professed, and of their strict attachment to the same, shall be by an act of each Synod, wherein an accurate recital of such formula shall be made, with a positive declaration, that it is their sincere determination before God always to abide by the same, for which purpose they honestly ])ledgo them.selves to the two other Synods; whieh declaration and promise shall be signed by the president or moderator of the Synod, and at the first convention to be formed by delegates from the respective Synods, be read and entered upon the records of the convention, and copies of all the dechirations be transmitted to each Synod, and entered upon their respective reconls ; which records shall remain a perpetual witness against either party wlio sliall ever deviate there- from. Anil also, that each Synod shall coninmnicate by their respective dele- gates the form of testimonials or credentials given to their candidates, and of those to ordain ministers, which copies shall also be entered on the reconls i>f the respective Synods. "lid. On the third inquiry, that we will mutually watch over eaeh other's purity in doctrine and discijdine, and be ready to receive complaints against any of our ministers upon these subjects, and that the mode in which such complaint shall be preferred and pro.secuted, shall be cither by individuals, who may prosecute in their own name, cnin jwrlcido ; or bj' a classis, l'n'sl)y. tery, or Synod of a sister church, in which case it shall be taken up as a Jama 1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 521 clamosa, and prosecuted by the classis, Presbytery, or Synod, to which the offender or offenders may belong; and the whole proceedings ou the subject shall be transmitted, properly authenticated by the moderator, the praeses, the scribe, or the clerk, to the informing body for their satisfaction. "3d. On the fourth incjuiry, resolved, that in order to aid the exercise of discipline, and discourage fugitives from it, every Classis, Presbytery, or Synod, shall oliicially communicate to its neighbouring Presbytery, Classis, or Synod, the name or names of every minister or candidate subject to censure, either of a lesser or higher nature, after which such Presbytery, Classis, or Synod, shall be held to view, and treat such ministers or candidates as lying under ecclesias- tical censure, to all intents and purposes as if they belonged to their own body, until such person or persons shall be regularly acquitted or restored by the judicatory who had inflicted such censure. "4th. With reference to the fifth, relating to such grievances as may here- after arise in congregations under the jurisdiction of the different corresponding Synods, it is determined that such differences shall be referred to the considera- tion of a future convention. But as it is possible that some contingencies may arise, which will render a call of the convention before the stated time of meeting necessary, so it is resolved, that a power be lodged in the moderator of the con- vention, with the consent of one member of the convention at least from each Synod, by circular letters to call an extraordinary convention, provided such a call be not more than once in one year. " 5th. The convention thought proper to amend the resolution of their com- mittee, by agreeing to a biennial instead of an annual convention. " On motion to ascertain and limit the powers of the convention in all times to come, resolved, that those powers shall be merely of counsel and advice, and that it shall on no account possess judiciary or executive authority, and every subject that shall come regularly before the convention, shall, after being pro- perly digested, be referred to the respective Synods, together with the opinion of the convention, and the reasons on which it is founded, for their judiciary and ultimate decision. " Agreed, that the convention shall, when met, set apart a certain portion of their time for social and fervent prayer to Almighty God, for his blessing on their counsels and the churches they represent; and that said convention, when- ever circumstances appear to them to require public and general humiliation or thanksgiving, shall recommend to the corresponding Synods to set apart the same day to be observed throughout all their churches. " Resolved, That Dr. Rodgers, Dr. Livingston, and Mr. Mason, be a committee to draw out three fair copies of the above minutes, in order that each of the corresponding Synods may be furnished with one. " Concluded with prayer." The consideration of the above report was deferred till to-morrow morning. The Synod took into consideration the motion made last year, respecting the time to be employed in the study of divinity by such as design to offer them- selves for the work of the ministry, previous to their being taken on trials ; and considering the present circumstances of our churches, determined it in the negative. Adjourned till nine o'clock, to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. lOlh day, nine d'cloch, A. M. Synod met. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The consideration of the report of the committee to meet with the committees of the Low Dutch Reformed Synod of New York and New Jersey, and of the Associate Reformed Synod, resumed. It appears by the report of said com- 66 522 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [178G. niittoc, that tlioy Ikwc conversed fully and freely with the hrethren of the above Synods on the subject of an union with tlieui, and the Synod approves their diligence and fidelity in this matter, and a/nod met Post preces sederunt qui supra. The committee appointed at our last meeting to compile a system of disci- pline and church government, brought in their report, part of which was read. Adjourned till to-morrow morning at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer. 23(Z f7ay, nine o'cloch, A. M. Si/nod met. Post preces scdctmnt qui supra. (Plxcept Dr. Rodgers and Mr. John Miller, who had leave to go home.) The committee appointed to draw up instructions to regulate the conduct of the delegates, to meet with the delegates of the Low Dutch Reformed Synod of New Y'^ork and New Jersey, and of the Associate Reformed Synod in conven- tion in the city of New York in October next, laid them before Synod, which with some amendments were approved, and are as follows, viz: "The delegates on the part of this Synod arc to iuf'orni the convention that this body is about to divide itself into four Synods, suboriliuate to a General Assembly. That they have now under consideration a plan of church govern- ment and discipline, which it is hoped will, when completed, be sufficient to answer every query of the conventittn upon that head; and that the mutual ussurances mentioned in the minutes of the last convention, niay, as far as they respect this Synod, be made with much more propriety after the intended system is finished than at present. " They are to assure the convention of the readiness and desire of this body in the mean time to unite, in a consistent manner, their influence with that of the otluT Synods, in order to promote the spiritual interest and best good of the whole. And the delegates from this Synod are to enter into a friendly conference with those of the other Synods, and in conjunction with them to concert such measures as shall appear best calculated to dilluse harmony and 1786.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 525 brotherly love through the several churches, and promote the interest of the Redeemer's kingdom, and to make report of the wliole to this Synod at their meeting in May next. On motion resolved, that the Rev. Drs. John Wither- spoon, John Rodgers, Alexander McWhorter, Messrs. Israel Read, John WoodhuU, Nathan Kerr, with the moderator, be appointed, and they are hereby appointed delegates on behalf of this Synod for the purposes above mentioned. " On motion resolved, that the book of discipline and government be recom- mended to a committee to meet in the city of Philadelphia on the second Tues- day of September next, who shall have powers to digest such a system as they shall think to be accommodated to the state of the Presbyterian Church in Ame- rica, that they shall procure three hundi*ed copies to be printed and distributed to the several Presbyteries in proportion to the number of their members under the engagement of this Synod, to have the expense of printing and distribution reimbursed to the committee at their next meeting j and every Presbytery is hereby required to report, in writing, to the Synod at their next meeting, their observations on the said book of government and discipline." The committee appointed to attend to the above business, were Drs. Wither- spoon, McWhorter, Rodgers, Sproat, Duffield, Alison, and Ewing ; Mr. Mat- thew Wilson, and Dr. Smith, with Isaac Snowden, Esquire, Mr. Robert Tag- gart, and Mr. John Pinkerton, elders. The Synod being informed that several disorders and disagreeable circum- stances have taken place in some of the churches in the western parts, espe- cially within the bounds of the Presbytery of Abingdon, to the great prejudice of the interest of religion in those parts, did appoint Mr. McCorkle, Mr. Scott, Mr. IMoses Hoge, Mr. Francis Cummings, Mr. John Smith, and Mr. Vance, or a majority of them, with an elder to accompany each, as a committee, in the name of the Synod, to meet at Salem Church, on the waters of Nola Chucky, on the second Wednesday of October next, with power to them to call before them such persons concerned in these disturbances, as are members of, or under the authority of this Synod, to hear and consider what shall be represented to them, and take proof of disputed allegations, if necessary ; to endeavour, with prudence and meekness, to accommodate differences ; where this cannot be wholly effected, and matters appear to them to be ripe for decision, and they be unanimous, to give judgment; if not unanimous, that they cite all whom they think necessary, to appear before the Synod, or Greneral Assembly, at the next meeting, to have the matter fully judged, only taking cars in any case where proof is necessary, that it be taken upon the spot, that there may be no unneces- sary delay of a final and effectual settlement. They are also empowered, if there appear to them any urgent, or very doubtful censures inflicted by any of the parties upon others, to suspend the execution till the meeting of the Synod, or General Assembly. The members of the Presbytery of Abingdon are required by Synod to read the above appointment publicly in their congregations, at least four weeks before the meeting of the committee, and this reading shall be considered as a citation to all parties concerned, to appear; and if any fail to appear, the committee, however, shall proceed to take evidence as they shall see cause ; and no evidence pretended to be produced afterwards, shall be admitted to invalidate the mea- sures of the committee, or to prevent the decision of Synod. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o^ clock, P. M. T'he Si/nod met. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The minutes of the Presbytery of Lewestown were reviewed by the commit- tee appointed for that purpose, to page 122, who reported a number of omis- sions and inaccuracies upon their records, which appear to Synod to have been 526 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1786. occasioned by tlio tumultuous state of the country during the revolution, and the busty nKUinor in which they wire obliged to transact business. Whereupon, the Synod gave orders, that tiiat Presbytery iu future have their minutes care- fully revised before they are recorded. The minutes of the First Presbytery of Philadelphia were reviewed by the committee appointed fur that purpose, unto page lo, and were approved. In conseciuence of an overture which was brought in, the .Synod earnestly recommend to all the vacant congregations under their care, to meet together every Lord's day, at one or more places, for the purposes of prayer and praises, and reading the Holy Scriptures, together with the works of such approved divines as they may be able to procure, and that the ciders be the persons who shall pray, and select the portions of Scripture and other books, to be read by any proper person whom they may appoint. The Synod considering the eilucation of youth, and their being early in- structed in the principles of religion, as the most useful means of ])rouioting the influence of the gospel in our churches, resolved, that it be enjoined on every Presbytery, in appointing supplies to their vacant congregations, to take order that every vacant congregation within their limits, be carefully catechized at least once in a year, in the same manner as is required by the order of our church in congregations supplied with regular pastors, and that the ministers appointed to this duty be required, at the next meeting of the Presbytery, to render an account of their fidelity in this respect, and that the Presbyteries be required to render an account of their attention to this order at the next meet- ing of Synod, On motion made and seconded, Ordered, That every Presbytery take eflfectual measures to raise from each congregation under their care, whether supplied with a pastor or vacant, a collection, previous to the next meeting of Synod, for defraying the expenses of printing the public acts of Synod, and for print- ing and distributing the book of government and discipline, and for such other purposes as to the Synod shall seem proper, and that each Presbytery send said collections with some one of their members who shall attend Synod next year, and the Synod agree to render to the people an account of the dis- bursements. In consequence of a request from the Presbytery of New York for some ministers, or probationers, to be sent to preach the gospel in their vacancies above Albany, the Synod appointed Mr. Burton to supply in those parts as much as he conveniently can through the ensuing summer, and recommended to Mr. Thompson to pay a visit to those vacancies for the same purpose, at such time as he may find most convenient. The Synod proceeded to consider the report of the committee on a plan for dividing the Synod into three or more Synods, and adopted it so far as respects the arranging of Presbyteries; and the Synod do hereby establish the arrange- ment therein contained. The consideration of the remaining part of the report was deferred till our next stated meeting, at which time the several Presbyteries are desired to attend prepared to determine respecting it. Adjourned till nine o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Wednesdai/, 24ost jircces sederunt qui supra. (Except Messrs. Latta, Watt, Semple, and Mitchell.) The committee appointed yesterday to converse with the brethren of Abing- don Presbytery, who were present, and to endeavour to accommodate the 1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 537 matters of uneasiness among them, met agreeably to order, and report as fol- lows : " That they heard the Abingdon brethren more fully than they had been heard before Synod, and find one source of uneasiness in addition to what had been mentioned in their country, and among themselves, was about psalm- ody; and the committee, after hearing them fully, recommended to those brethren, in a spirit of Christian love, to forgive one another, and bury in ob- livion all that had passed ; and they readily and cheerfully complied with the recommendation, and in evidence of their peace and amity took each other by the right hand ; and they promised forbearance towards each other in those matters wherein they had diifered in judgment, and to encourage, strengthen, and support each other, in advancing the common cause of their Divine Re- deemer. It gave your committee the highest pleasure to see these differences and dissensions terminated in so happy an issue, and they doubt not it will have a salutary influence upon the peace of the Church in those parts ; and in order to accomplish this desirable end, that there may be peace and bro- therly love among the people as well as the ministers, your committee pro- pose the following resolutions, which the Synod adopted, and resolved accord- ingly : '* 1st. That in respect to political differences in that part of the country which occasioned a mob or riot, the Synod highly disapprove of, and condemn all such tumultuous and riotous proceedings ; but as it appears by a paper signed by a number who acknowledge themselves the authors of the tumult, and also from the testimony of Colonel Cook, that Mr. Balch had no hand in that affair, and that he did take some pains to restrain those unhappy proceed- ings from going so far as they did, therefore, all things considered, we do not think him blamable in that matter. " 2d. In respect to the psalmody ; the Synod have allowed the use of the imitation of the Psalms of David for many years, to such congregations as choose them, and still allow of the same, but they are far from disapproving of House's version, commonly called the Old Psalms, in those who were in the use of them and chose them, but are of opinion that either may be used by the churches, as each congregation may judge most for their peace and edification, and therefore highly disapprove of public, severe, and unchristian censures being passed upon either of the systems of psalmody, and recommend it to all ministers in those parts of the Church, to be more tender and charitable on these heads. *' 3d, In regard to the Presbytery's excluding two elders from sitting in the judicature at a certain time, the Synod are of opinion, that the Presbytery had some support for so doing from common custom and usage, but that there was too scrupulous an exactness attended to in that matter, and hope that such events will be guarded against in future. " 4th. In respect to the letter addressed to Mr. Balch, through the medium of the press, and supposed to be written by the Rev. William Graham, of Rockbridge county, Virginia, the Synod look upon the same as very unchris- tian and unwarrantable treatment of a brother ; and the Synod do order the Presbytery of Lexington to cite Mr. Graham before them, and make due in- quiry whether he be the author, and into the reasons of his conduct in that matter, and censure or acquit him as the nature of the case may appear ; and report their proceedings herein to the next Synod. *' Ordered, That the whole of the proceedings had upon the affairs of Abing- don Presbytery, both at last Synod and at the present sessions, be inserted in the Presbytery book of Abingdon, and that the ministers of that Presbytery read them from their pulpits." 68 538 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1787. Agreed to postpone the further consideration of the draught until Monday morning. The committee appointed to review the Presbytery hook of South Carolina made report, and the book was approved to the thirtieth page. The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Abingdon made report, and the book was approved to the session held March 27th, 1787, inclusive. The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of New Castle made report, and the book was approved from the session held April 23d, 1782, to the session held August loth, 1782, inclusive. The committee appointed to examine the Baltimore Presbytery book made report, and the book was approved to the eighty-first page. The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Philadelphia made report, and the book was approved to page fiftieth. Mr. I)oak obtained leave to go home. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met accordirig to adjournment. Uhi post jyreces sederunt qui supra. The account of Mr. Robert Aitken for Bibles was given in to the Synod, and it appearing that there was a balance due to him of eight pounds, ten shillings, and seven pence. Synod ordered their treasurer, the liev. Dr. John Wither- spoon, to pay said balance. The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Dutchess county reported, and the book was approved to the one hundred and tenth page. The committee appointed to receive the collections made by Presbyteries made report, that they received — From Dutchess county Presbytery, " New York " " New Brunswick " - " Philadelphia " " New Castle " - " Lewes " - - « Carlisle " - " Baltimore « . . " Redstone " - " Lexington " - - " Hanover " - " South Carolina " " Orange " - " Abingdon « - - Total sum, The Synod ordered a list of all the congregations to be printed, which have ma<]e collections, specifying llie collections made by each of them. The Synod considering that it will be necessary to print several pieces for the consideration of the churches, which are of the highest importance to them, agreed t^ appoint a collection to be made in all the ccmgregations under their care, and do hereby order the respective I'resbytcries to take order that this be put duly in execution, and to bring up their collections to next Synod. Mr. Armstrong was added to the committee for preparing selections from the minutes, to be printed. £0 19 7 24 14 2 27 6 6 21 4 3 14 6 6 3 10 0 20 15 1 16 16 10 1 12 6 15 6 7 18 19 3 0 0 0 7 10 11 0 0 0 £173 2 2 1787.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 539 The following was brought iu by the committee of overtures : " The Creator of the world having made of one flesh all the children of men, it becomes them as members of the same femily, to consult and promote each other's happiness. It is more especially the duty of those who maintain the rights of humanity, and who acknowledge and teach the obligations of Chris- tianity, to use such means as are in their power to extend the blessings of equal freedom to every part of the human race. " From a full conviction of these truths, and sensible that the rights of human nature are too well understood to admit of debate, Overtured, that the Synod of NeW York and Philadelphia recommend, in the warmest terms, to every member of their body, and to all the churches and families under their care, to do every thing in their power consistent with the rights of civil society, to promote the abolition of slavery, and the instruction of negroes, whether bond or free." The consideration of the above overture was postponed until Monday, the 28th, at eleven o'clock, A. M. The committee appointed to settle the accounts of Dr. Witherspoon, the treasurer of the Synod, made report, that Dr. Witherspoon has not his vouchers on the spot, but is ready at any time to settle his accounts. The Synod finding it will be more convenient to have a treasurer living where Synod usually meets, appointed Isaac Snowden, Esquire, treasurer; and appointed him to set- tle with their late treasurer. Drs. Smith, McWhorter, and Duffield, Messrs. Powers, Casson, Kerr, Simp- son, John B. Smith, Templeton, and Balch, were appointed a committee to make arrangements to divide this Synod into three. Adjourned till nine o'clock, on Monday morning. Concluded with prayer. 2Sth Mai/, 17S7. Si/nod met according to adjournment. Uhi post preces sederunt qui supra, (Except Messrs. Read, Smith, King, and McKnight.) Agreeably to the order of the day, the Synod proceeded to the further con- sideration of the draught of a plan of government and discipline. The affair of representation from vacant congregations was now resumed, and after considerable time spent thereon, the question was put, Shall it stand as in the draught ? and was carried in the affirmative. The Synod having gone through the consideration of the draught of a plan of government and discipline. Dr. Rodgers, Dr. McWhorter, Mr. Miller, and Mr. Wilson, junior, were appointed a committee to have a thousand copies thereof printed as now amended, and to distribute them among the Presby- teries for their consideration, and the consideration of the churches under their care. The Synod took into consideration the last paragraph of the twentieth chapter of the Westminster Confession of Faith ; the third paragraph of the twenty- third chapter ; and the first paragraph of the thirty-first chapter ; and having made some alterations, agreed that the said paragraphs, as now altered, be printed for consideration, together with the draught of a plan of government and discipline. The Synod also appointed the above named committee to revise the Westminster Directory for public worship, and to have it when thus revised, printed, together with the draught, for consideration. And the Synod agreed, that when the above proposed alterations in the Confession of Faith shall have been finally determined on by the body, and the Directory shall have been re- vised as above directed, and adopted by the Synod, the said Confession thus altered, and Directory thus revised and adopted, shall be styled, '* The Confes- 640 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1787. sion of Faitli, and Directory for public worship, of the Presbyterian Church in the United States of America." It was agreed to reconsider the two votes passed last Saturday afternoon, the one ordering the list of the congregations which have made collections to be printed, and the other ordering new collections to be raised this year, and they were both reversed. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'cIocJi, P. M. Si/nod met according to adjournment. Ubi post prcccs sederunt qui supra. (Except Messrs. Balch and Irwin.) Mr. Matthew Tate, a probationer, under the care of New Castle Presbytery, having an intention to take a journey through the southern states, and to be a considerable time absent, requested, that if it be consistent with the rules of this Synod, he may be allowed to be taken upon trials for ordination in the Presby- tery to which he belongs, and ordained before he sets out. The Synod remitted the affair to the Presbytery of New Castle, with liberty to said Presbytery to do therein as they shall see cause. The Synod taking into consideration the overture concerning slavery, trans- mitted by the committee of overtures last Saturday, came to the following judg- ment : " The Synod of New York and Philadelphia do highly approve of the general principles in favour of universal liberty, that prevail in America, and the interest which many of the states have taken in promoting the abolition of slavery ; yet, inasmuch as men introduced from a servile state to a partici- pation of all the privileges of civil society, without a proper education, and without previous habits of industry, may be, in many respects, dangerous to the community, therefore they earnestly recommend it to all the members belong- ing to their communion, to give those persons who are at present held in servitude, such good education as to prepare them for the better enjoyment of freedom ; and they moreover recommend that masters, wherever they find servants disposed to make a just improvement of the privilege, would give them a,pcc2dium, or grant them sufficient time and sufficient means of procuring their own liberty at a moderate rate, that thereby, they may be brought into society with those habits of industry that may render them useful citizens ; and, finall}', they recommend it to all their people to use the most prudent measures, consistent with the interest and the state of civil society, in the counties where they live, to procure eventually the final abolition of slavery in America." \Vherea.s, the doctrine of universal salvation and of the finite duration of hell torments, has been propagated by sundry persons who live in the United States of America, and the people under our care may possibly, from their occasional conversation with the propagators of such a dangerous oi)ini(Ui, be infected by the doctrine, the Synod take this opportunity to declare their utter abhorrence of such doctrines as they apprehend to be subversive of the fundamental jirinei- ples of religion and morality, and therefore earnestly recommend it to all their Presbyteries and members to be watchful upon this subject, and to guard against the introduction of such tenets amongst our people. Tlie committee appointed to arrange this Synod into three, made report, and after considering their report, the Synod agreed that the arrangement of the I'rcsbyterics under four Synods should, for the present, remain as deter- mined last year. Upon application from the Presbytery of New York, Mr. Warford and Mr. 1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 541 Condit, were appointed by Synod to visit the vacancies in the bounds of that Presbytery. Resolved, that the division of the Synod be postponed until next year, and that the Synod be then divided. The committee appointed to meet committees from the Reformed Dutch Sy- nod and the Associate Synod made report, and delivered the minutes of the convention of the committees of the three Synods which met in New York last fall, which were read. Ordered, That the treasurer pay the sexton six pounds and two pence, for his attendance and other expenses. Synod was sorry to observe that so many members had withdrawn without leave. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of next May, to meet in the First Presbyterian Church in this city at eleven o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1788. Philadelphia, May 1\st, 1788. Eleven ddoch, A. M. The Synod of New York and Philadelphia met, according to adjournment, in the First Presbyterian church. Uhi post preces sederiint Of Suffolk Presbytery ; The Rev. Mr. Nathan Woodhull. Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Rodgers, and Rev. Messrs. Jedidiah Chapman, and John McDonald. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Woodhull, James F. Armstrong, William Boyd, and Walter Monteith. Of Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. James Sproat, George Duffield, and John Ewing, and Rev. Messrs. Francis Peppard, Samuel Blair, James Boyd, William Mackey Tennent, Nathaniel Irwin, Andrew Hunter, and Ashbel Green. Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Anderson, John Bur- ton, and Nathan Grier. Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. William McKee. Of Carlisle Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Charles Nesbit, and Rev. Messrs. James Martin, Robert Cooper, John Craighead, and John McKnight. Of South Carolina Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. Robert Finley. Elders : Mr. Eliphalet Chichester, Mr. Peter Ricker, Mr. David Foreman, Isaac Snowden, Esquire, Mr. Ferguson Mcllvaine, Mr. Joseph McClane, Mr. Hugh McCulloch, Mr. Alexander Fullerton, and Mr. Hugh Barclay. Absent — Of Suffolk Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Buel, Noah Westmore, Samson Occuni, Benjamin Goldsmith, David Rose, Elam Potter, Joshua Hart, and Joshua Williams. Of Dutchess County Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Solomon Mead, Wheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis, Samuel Mills, Blackleach Burret, John Davenport. Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Timothy Jones, and Rev. Messrs, Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmer, Hugh Knox, D. D., Abner Brush, Benjamin Woodruff, Alexander McWhorter, D. D., Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, John Close, Alexander Miller, William Woodhull, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William Schenck, John Warford, John Joliue, Andrew King, James Glassbrook. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, and Rev. Messrs. Israel Read, John Ilanna, Thomas Smith, Samuel S. Smith, D. D., Philip Stockton, Joseph Rue, Joseph Clark, Peter Wilson, and James Muir. 542 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF ["nss. Of Philadelpbia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Simonton, James Watt, and George Faitout. Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Robert Smith, ami Rev. Messrs. "William McKennan, Colin McFan[uliar, James liatta, John McCroary, Alox- nmler Mittliel, Thomas Read, Thomas Smith, Daniel Jones, William R. k^mith, Nathaniel W. Semple, James 3Iunroe, and John Iv Finley. Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr John 3Iillc-r, Rev. Dr. Matthew Wil- son, and Rev. Messrs. Jacob Kerr, John Rankin and Samuel 3IcMasters. Of Jialtimorc Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. James Hunt, John Slemnions, Patrick Alison, D. D., Isaac S. Keith, Stephen Rakh, and George Luckey. Of Carlisle Presbytery : the Rev. ]\Iessrs. John Elder, John Iloge, Hugh McGill, Robert McMordie, James Lang, John King, Hugh Vance, Thomas McFerrin, Robert Davidson, D. D., John Black, Samuel Dougal, John Lynn, Samuel Waugh, David Reard, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Steven, James Johnston, and John Johnston. Of Redstone Presbj-tery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. James Finley, John Clarke, Joseph Smith, John McMillan, James Power, Thaddeus Dod, James ])unlap, and Samuel Rarr. Of Lexington Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. John Brown, William Graham, James McConnel, Archibahl Scott, Edward Crawford, John IMontgomery, Benjamin Erwin, William Wilson, Moses Hoge, and John MeCue. Of Hanover Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd, James Waddel, William Irvine, John Blair Smith, James Mitchcl, and John D. Blair. Of Orange Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. 3Iessr3. Henry Patillo, David Caldwell, Samuel McCorkle, James Hall, Robert Archibald, James Mc- Kee, David Barr, Jacob Leake, and Daniel Thatcher. Of Abingdon Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Charles Cum- mings, Hezekiah Baleh, John Co.sson, Samuel Doak, and Samuel Huston. Of South Carolina Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Edmonds, John Harris, Joseph Alexander, John Simpson, Thomas Reese, Thomas H. McCall, James Templetou, Francis Cummings, Robert Hall, and Robert Mecklin. Of Transylvania Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. jMessrs. David Rice, Thomas Craighead, Adam Rankin, Andrew McClurc, and James Crawford. The Synod was opened by the Rev. Mr. Chapman, the last year's moderator, with a sermon from Ej)hesians iv. 8, 4. Mr. Jolin WoodhuU was chosen moderator, Mr. Armstrong was chosen clerk, aud Mr. McDonald assistant clerk. Messrs. Nathan Woodhull, Chapman, Monteith, Greene, Burton, MeKee, Craighead, and Robert Finley, ministers, with Messrs. Reikhart, Snowden, Ful- lerton, Mcllvaine, and McCulloch, elders, were appointed a committee of over- tures, to meet here to-morrow morning, at six o'clock, aud afterwards on their own adjournments. Ord»!red, That the several Presbyteries bring in their reports to-morrow morn- ing in writing; and also a list of their members and of the ])robationers aud congregations under their care, agreeably to the order of last year. Mr. Mitchell is now come; his rea.sons for not attending sooner, were sus- tained. The committee formerly appointed to revise tl»c Synod book, and have it bound new, and to insert the index and selections, not having yet aeeomplished th;it business, were continued, and ordered to carry it into execution. Testimonials of Mr. Marcus (Jeorge, a ])robationer from the J'resbytery of Londonderry, in Ireland, aeconijianied with such corroborating evidence as ia in such caacs required by Synod, were laid before the Synod aud a]>proved, 1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 543 and leave was given to Mr. George to put himself under the care of any Pres- bytery he may choose in the bounds of the Synod. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, at nine o'clock. Concluded with prayer Thursday, May 22(7. Post preces sederunt qui supra. Mr. Rue and Dr. McWhorter were now come ; their reasons for not attending sooner, were sustained. Suffolk Presbytery reported, that they have ordained Mr. Thomas Russel to the work of the gospel ministry, and to the pastoral charge of Westhampton ; that they have ordained Mr. Wait Cornwell, sine titido ; have licensed Mr. Asa Hillyer to preach the gospel; and received the Rev. Mr. Aaron Wool worth, ordained by a council ; that they have dismissed the Rev. Joshua Hart from the pastoral charge of Smithtown ; and that the Rev. Mr. James Brown was removed by death, May 9th, 1788. New York Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained Mr. Lemuel Fordham to the work of the gospel ministry, in a regular charge; that they have dismissed Mr. James Wilson, sen., in order to his settlement at Wilton, in South Carolina; and also Mr. James Wilson, jun., in consequence of his having accepted a call from a congregation in Charleston, South Carolina; that they have received Mr. John Warford from the New Brunswick Presby- tery ; and that Mr. James Thompson has withdrawn himself from them, and returned to Britain ; and that Mr. John Moifat departed this life on the 22d of last April. New Brunswick Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained Mr. Ira Coudict to the work of the gospel ministry, and in the pastoral charge of the congregations of Newton and Hardwick ; and have also ordained Mr. Asa Dunham to the work of the gospel ministry, in the pastoral charge of the con- gregations of Oxford and Mount Bethel ; that they have dismissed Mr. John Warford to join the Presbytery of New York ; and that Mr. John Guild and Jlr. Samuel Kennedy have departed this life since our last ; the former on the tenth of last July. Mr. Condict being present took his seat in Synod. Philadelphia Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, dismissed Mr. John Johnson, to join Carlisle Presbytery, and Mr. William McKee to join Lewes Presbytery ; and also Mr. James Snodgrass, a probationer under their care, to put himself under the care of Carlisle Presbytery, in consequence of his having accepted a call to a congregation within their bounds; and that they have deposed Mr. William Pickles from the ministerial office. New Castle Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained Mr. Nathan Grier to the work of the gospel ministry, in Brandywine congregation, and have dismissed Mr. Matthew Tate, a probationer, to join such Presbytery as he may choose. Mr. Grier being present took his seat in Synod. Carlisle Presbytery reported, that they have, since our last, ordained to the work of the gospel ministry, Mr. Samuel Wilson, in the pastoral charge of Big Spring congregation, and Mr. Hugh Morrison, in the pastoral charge of Sun- bury, Northumberland-town and Buifalo Valley; and have received Mr. James Snodgrass, from Philadelphia Presbytery, and ordained him to the work of the gospel ministry, in the pastoral charge of Hanover congregation, and that they have to lay befoi'e Synod the testimonials of Mr. Joseph Caldwell, a probationer from the Presbytery of Root, in the kingdom of Ireland. Mr. John D. Blair and Mr. Warford are now come ; their reasons for not attending sooner were sustained. Mr. Cooper and Mr. Craighead were appointed a committee to examine the 644 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1788. Presbytery book of New Brunswick, and Dr. Rodgers and 3Ir. William Boyd to exaiiiiuo Pliiladcljiliia I'irsbytery book. Ordered, That Dr. McAVhorter, Dr. Duffield, Mr. Armstrong, Mr. McKnight, Mr. Fiuloy, and Isaac Snowdcn, E.sq., be a committee to select such parts of the minutes of tlie la.'^t and present sessions of Synod, as they ma}' judge will be of general advantage to the church, and also to prepare a list of the minis- tors, probationers, and congregations belonging to the Synod ; distinguishing those congregations tliat have made collections, and specifying tlie sum raised by each, for the purpose of printing the draught of the form of government, iic, and for defraying other syuodical expenses, and to report the whole, pre- pared for printing, to the Synod, for their concurrence, on Saturday morning. The committee appointed to meet the Presbytery of Suffolk, on the subject of their letter, signifying a desire to withdraw from the Synod, reported that they met the Presbytery at tlie time and place fixed on by the Synod, and con- versed the subject over with them, with the greatest freedom, candour, and amity, and that in consequence of said free ami amicable conference, the Pres- bytery agreed to withdraw their request, as may more fully appear by the fol- lowing minute of said Presbytery, viz : " The Presbytery of Suffolk met at Brook Haven, April 8tb, 1788, according to appointment; entered upon the consideration of the petition sent to the Reverend Synod of New York and Philadelphia, at their last sessions, recjuesting a dismission from their body; and, after deliberating on it, came to the follow- ing conclusion, viz., to withdraw the petition. And appointed the Rev. Messrs. Noah Wetmore and Nathan "Woodhull, to attend the Reverend Synod at their next meeting at Philadelphia, and present this minute to the moderator of Synod, and transact any other business as may be found necessary by them as the representatives of this Presbytery. A true copy of the minute of Presbytery. " Attested by David Rose, Clerk." Ordered, That the appointment of the present treasurer to settle the accounts of the late treasurer be continued, and that he make report to Synod. Mr. Warford has not complied with the order of last Synod, appointing him, at the request of New York Presbytery, to supply the vacancies within their bounds. Mr. Condict was prevented by want of health. A petition from the Rev. Dr. Wilson, detained from Synod through bodily indisposition, respecting the draught of the form of government, ifcc, was pre- sented and read. Ordered, that it lie on the table. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 2'2d da>/, three o\loc/c, P. M. Post preces sederunt qui supra. The Presbytery of Carlisle laid before Synod the testimonials of Mr. Jo- seph Caldwell, a probationer from the Presbytery of Root, in the kingdom of Ireland, accompanied with the corroborating evidence required by Synod, which were approved, and the Presbytery were allowed to take him under their care. Mr. Gla8.sbrook is now come ; his reasons for not attending sooner were sustained. Memorials from some members of Orangedale congregation, of New York Presbytery; from the united congregations of Slate Ritlge, and Chanceford con- gregations, of Baltimore Presbytery; and from New Proviflencc congregation, of Orange Presbytery, respecting the these heads. '' 3d. In regard to the Presbytery's excluding two elders from sitting in the judicature at a certain time, the Synod are of opinion, that the Presbytery had some support for so doing from common custom and usage, but that there was too scrupulous an exactness attended to in that matter, and hope that such events will be guarded against in future. << 4th. In respect to the letter addressed to Mr. Balch, through the medium of the press, and supposed to be written by the Rev. William Graham, of Rockbridge county, A^irginia, the Synod look upon the same as very unchris- tian and unwarrantable treatment of a brother ; and the Synod do order the Presbytery of Lexington to cite Mr. Graham before them, and make due in- quiry whether he be the author, and into the reasons of his conduct in that matter, and censure or accfuit him as the nature of the case may appear ; and report their proceedings herein to the next Synod. " Ordered, That the whole of the proceedings had upon the affairs of Abing- don Presbytery, both at last Synod and at the present sessions, be inserted in the Presbytery book of Abingdon, and that the ministers of that Presbytery read them from their pulpits." 68 538 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [1787. Agreed to postpone the further consideration of the draught until Monday morning. The committee appointed to review the Presbytery book of South Carolina made report, and the book was approved to the tliirtieth page. The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Abingdon made report, and the book was approved to the session held March 27th, 1787, inclusive. The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of New Castle made report, and the book was approved from the session held April 23d, 1782, to the session held August 13th, 1782, inclusive. The committee appointed to examine the Baltimore Presbytery book made report, and the book was approved to the eighty-first page. The committee appointee! to examine the Presbytery book of Philadelphia made report, and the book was approved to page fiftieth. Mr. Doak obtained leave to go home. Adjourned till three o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. Three o'clock, P. M. The Synod met accordiiuj to adjournment. Uhi post prcces sederunt qui supra. The account of Mr. Robert Aitken for Bibles was given in to the Synod, and it appearing that there was a balance due to him of eight pounds, ten shillings, and seven pence, Synod ordered their treasurer, the liev. Dr. John Wither- spoon, to pay said balance. The committee appointed to examine the Presbytery book of Dutchess county reported, and the book was approved to the one hundred and tenth The committee appointed to receive the collections made by Presbyteries made report, that they received — From Dutchess county Presbytery, " New York " " New Brunswick " - <' Philadelphia " " New Castle " - " Lewes " - - " Carlisle " - " Baltimore " - ■ " Redstone " - " Lexington " . . " Hanover " - " South Carolina " " Orange " - " Abingdon " - - Total sum, £173 2 2 The Synod ordered a list of all the congregations to be printed, which have made collections, specifying the collections made by each of them. The Synoh. 1788.] NEW YORK AND PHILADELPHIA. 541 Condit, were appointed by Synod to visit the vacancies in the bounds of that Presbytery. Resolved, that the division of the Synod be postponed until next year, and that the Synod be then divided. The committee appointed to meet committees from the Reformed Dutch Sy- nod and the Associate Synod made report, and delivered the minutes of the convention of the committees of the three Synods which met in New York last fall, which were read. Ordered, That the treasurer pay the sexton six pounds and two pence, for his attendance and other expenses. Synod was sorry to observe that so many members had withdrawn without leave. Adjourned till the third Wednesday of next May, to meet in the First Presbyterian Church in this city at eleven o'clock, A. M. Concluded with prayer. 1788. Philadelphia, May 21si!, 1788. Eleven o'cloch, A. M. The Synod of New l^ork and Philadelphia met, according to adjournment, in the First Presbyterian church. Uhi jxM preces sederunt Of Suffolk Presbytery ; The Rev. Mr. Nathan Woodhull. Of New York Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Rodgers, and Rev. Messrs. Jedidiah Chapman, and John McDonald. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. John Woodhull, James F. Armstrong, William Boyd, and Walter Monteith. Of Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Drs. James Sproat, George Duffield, and John Ewing, and Rev. Messrs. Francis Peppard, Samuel Blair, James Boyd, William Mackey Tennent, Nathaniel Irwin, Andrew Hunter, and Ashbel Green. Of New Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. James Anderson, John Bur- ton, and Nathan Grier. Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. William McKee. Of Carlisle Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Charles Nesbit, and Rev. Messrs. James Martin, Robert Cooper, John Craighead, and John McKnight. Of South Carolina Presbytery : The Rev. Mr. Robert Finley. Elders : Mr. Eliphalet Chichester, Mr. Peter Ricker, Mr. David Foreman, Isaac Snowden, Esquire, Mr. Ferguson Mcllvaine, Mr. Joseph McClane, Mr. Hugh McCulloch, Mr. Alexander Fullerton, and Mr. Hugh Barclay. Absent — Of Suffolk Presbytery: The Rev. Messrs. Samuel Buel, Noah Westmore, Samson Occum, Benjamin Goldsmith, David Rose, Elam Potter, Joshua Hart, and Joshua Williams. Of Dutchess County Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Solomon Mead, Wheeler Case, Ichabod Lewis, Samuel Mills, Blackleach Burret, John Davenport. Of New Y'ork Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Timothy Jones, and Rev. Messrs. Aaron Richards, Jonathan Elmer, Hugh Knox, D. D., Abner Brush, Benjamin Woodruff, Alexander McWhorter, D. D., Azel Roe, Nathan Kerr, John Close, Alexander Miller, William Woodhull, Jacob Vanarsdalen, William Schenck, John Warford, John Joline, Andrew King, James Glassbrook. Of New Brunswick Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. John Witherspoon, and Rev. Messrs. Israel Read, John Hanna, Thomas Smith, Samuel S. Smith, D. D., Philip Stockton, Joseph Rue, Joseph Clark, Peter Wilson, and James Muir. 542 MINUTES OF THE SYNOD OF [-1788. Of Philadelphia Presbytery : The Rev. Messrs. Johu Siiuonton, James Watt, and Gi'orge Faitout. Of Now Castle Presbytery : The Rev. Dr. Robert Smith, and Rev. Messrs. William MiKonnan, Colin McFarfiuhar, James Latta, John McCreary, Alex- andor Mitchel, Thomas Read, Thomas Smith, Daniel Jones, William R. Smith, Nathaniel W. Sample, James Munroe, and John K. Finley. Of Lewes Presbytery : The Rev. Mr John 3Iiller, Rev. Pr. Matthew Wil- son, and Rev. Messrs. Jacob Kerr, John Rankin and Samuel McMasters. Of Baltimore Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. James Hunt, Johu Slemmous, Patrick Alison, 1). D., Isaac S. Keith, Stephen Balch, and George Luckey. Of Carlisle Presbytery : the Rev. Messrs. John Elder, John Hogc, Hugh McGill, Robert McMordie, James Lang, John King, Hugh "N'ance, Thomas McFerriu, Robert Davidson, D. D., John Black, Samuel Dougal, John J^ynn, Samuel Waugh, David Beard, Joseph Henderson, Matthew Steven, James Johnston, and Johu Johnston. Of Redstone Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. 3Iessrs. James Finley, John Clarke, Joseph Smith, John McMillan, James Power, Thaddeus Dod, James Dunlap, and Samuel Barr. Of Lexington Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. John Brown, William Graham, James McConnel, Archibald Scott, Edward Crawford, John Montgomery, Benjamin Erwin, William Wilson, Moses Hoge, and John 3IcCue. Of JIanover Presbytery : The Rev. IMessrs. Richard Zanchy, John Todd, James Waddel, William Irvine, John Blair Smith, James Mitchel, and John D. Blair. Of Orange Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Henry Patillo, David Caldwell, Samuel McCorkle, James Hall, Robert Archibald, James Mc- Kee, David Barr, Jacob Leake, and Daniel Thatcher. Of Abingdon Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. Messrs. Charles Cum- mings, Hezekiah Balch, John Cos.son, Samuel Doak, and Samuel Huston. Of South Carolina Presbytery : The Rev. Me.s.srs. James Edmonds, John Harris, Joseph Alexander, Johu Simpson, Thomas Reese, Thomas H. 31cCall, James Templeton, Francis Cummings, Robert Hall, and Robert Mecklin. Of Transylvania Presbytery : The whole, viz. The Rev. jNIessrs. David Rice, Thomas Craighead, Adam Rankin, An(l, 311. ApjK-als and conii)laints : Alexander, Alexander, 442. IJay, Andrew, 340. Beard, John, 42l». Hell. Hamilton, 175. Boyd. .lohn, 121. t'aidwell, Thomas, S)S. DulKeld, William. Jr., 494. Edniistou, William, 3.'52, 348. Ennnitt, Abraham, et al., 56. Marker, Samuel, 333. Jones case, 91. Kcttletas, Abraham, 311. Lawrence, John, 373. McClelland, Elizabeth, 320, 321. Mahall'y, Andrew, :i31. Tennent, Jane, 394. Tenncnt, William, 127. Walton, John, 70. Zury, Joseph, 456. Appendix, to Synod's minutes, 440, 448. Arbitration, 92, 'JG, 359, 47.5. Archbold, Eev. Andrew, 107, 109, 112, 124. Archibald, Rev. Robert, 476, 486, 494, 496, 502, 515, 542. Ardstraw, parish of, in Ireland, 211, Arman, Mr. William, 401. Armitage, Mr. Enoch, 132. Armour. Mr. Robert, 437. Armstronj;, Mr. Francis, 344. Armstrong, Rev. James Francis, 477, 480, 482, 484, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 514, 516, 528, .529, 53S, 541, 542, 544. Armstrong, Mr. Thomas, 313. Arrears, minister's salary, 132. debts, cougregation's, 145. Arthur. Rev. Thomas, 235, 236, 237, 239, 240, 242, 244. Assistance, synodical, for presbytery, 213. Assistant ministers. 104. 106. Assistants for congregational work, .37, 41. Associate Presbvterv. The, 416, 4.36, 4.37, 442. 460, -J78, 488. Associate Reformed Church, .524, 541, 547. Associate Reformed Svnod, 508, 518, 521, 522. Astrology, judicial, 91. Atkin River. 210. Augusta County, Va., 237, 388, Augusta Fort, 405. Autonomy, ijresbytcrial, 319, .321. Avery, I>r., 0. Brown, Mr. Thomas, 2511. Brown, ."^Ir. William, .•5:5, 'Jta. 2fM, 297. 300, 307, 313, 322, 323. 331, 333, 335, 3:38, 341, :i51, :i")2, 3(i2, 364, 3(i!), 377, 378, :J71». 3i)0, 400, 411, 424, 43(5, 450, 461, 47(5, 4H», 4S2, 4tt9, 492, 49G, 501, 505, 515, 528, 541. Brvan, Mr. Andrews, 457. Bryan, Mr. George, 315, 317, 324, 326, 447, 449. Buckingham, Md., 172. Bucks t'ountv. Pa., 17(5. Buel, Kov. Samuel, 236, 242. 244, 247, 251, 258, 2(59, 277, 280, 2fr>, 291, 298, 307, :>33, :M1, 351, 352, :!t55, 366, 367, 374, 377, 390, 401, 424, 541. Buflah), Pa., 473. Buffalo Settlement, 199. Buflalo Valley, Pa., 543. Buffler's Settlement, N, C, 226. Bullock's C"reek, N. C, 360, 387, 418. P,ullskin, N. J., 387. Bunnel, Mr. Benjamin, 351. Burials, register of. 3.")9. Burley, :^Ir. John, 492. Burling, Mr. John. 515. Burnet, Dr. William, 377, 378, 379, 391, 411, 412, 414. Burnet, Rev. Blackleccb, 461, 52.5, .541. Burnet, Rev. Matthias, 451, 462, 471. 476, 480, 496, 501, .505, 516. Burr, Rev. Aaron, 136, 143, 149, 161, 164, 177, 202, 233, 235, 236, 237, 239, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 2(52, 269, 274, 277, 281. Burrit. See Burnet. Burton. Rev. John, 507, 510, 516, 526, 528, 529, .541. Burvct. See linrtiel. Burving ground, 134. Bush River, N. C. 387 Business rules. 298, .302, 303, 304, 512. Bvram, Rev. Eliah, 233, 235, 236, 238, 239, 244, 247, 250, 259. CALAMY, DR.. 63. Caldwell, Mr. David, 306, 308. Caldwell, Mr. .Tames, of Wicomico, Md. Caldwell, John, 138. Caldwell, Jiis<])h. probationer, .543, .544 Caldwell, Rev. David, :!:!1. 3:;9. 34(5, 3.52, .".54. 3(51. .'JW, 4()0, 449, 450, 455, .■)02, 515, .542. Caldwell, Rev. James, .306, 307. 311, 314. 322, .323, 333. 334, 337, 341. :Mfi, 351, :«(5, 364. .'5(5.-., :{(56, .3(57, 377, 3.S(», 3H1, .-{.SK. .■{•Ml, .39H, .399, 406, 407, 40H, 409, 410, 412, 413, 416. 419. 424, 42(5. 427, 429, 436. 440. 441. 444. 4.50, 4.54, 4.5(5, 461, 476, 47H, 4W», 4H2, 4H4, 4H9, 49.3. Caldwell. Thomas, rase of. 9M. Calf Picture Settlement, Va., 226. Calls. See Pashtrnl CaUs. Calviiiistic Dutch churches, 176. (,'amoronians, 188. ,33. .'553, 48(5, 313, .343. .374, 400, 414, 4:J7, 471, 1 Camp, Mr. Nathaniel, .364. ' Camj), Mr. Saniui'l, 3,33. I Campbell, , Hanover Presb., 451. Campbell, Rev. Benjamin. 103, 107, 112. Cum]ibell, Mr. Francis, 3(54. Campbell, Mr. Patrick, 314. .322. Camjibell, Rev. James (Newcastle Presb.), ! 2.35, 2:56, 2.37 240, 244, 247, 2.50, 259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 281. Campbell, Rev. James (Orange Presb.). 4.50, ! 451, 4.-6, 503. Campbell, Rev. John, 244, 247, 251. Candidates for ministry: attendance at Pre.sb. and Synod, 325. care of, by ministers, 309 certificate of Standing Committee to take place of college diploma, 141, 142, 146. clerk of Presbvterv, 25. college diploma, 141, 146, 465, 475, 499. college education. 28. 141, 146. Committee for examination, 22. 23, 141, 146, 183, 184, 198, 199, 204, 271, 278, 281, 282. dismission of, 437. education of, 28, 141, 167, 171, 175, 246, 265, 266, 269, 271, 278, 2bl, 282, 290, 305, 309, 319, 337, 338, 475, 499, 511, 512, .521. examination and qualifications of, 17, 22, 23. 28, .32, 38, 39, 77, 110, 111, 11.5, 141, 142, 14(5, 148, 151. 1.54, 17:i, 1H3. 184, 198, 199, 202, 204. 243, 271, 278, 281, 283, 287, 310, 313, 317, 318, 319, 320, 321, 357, 475, 499, 504, 512, 514, 529. cxamiuation by Synod or its Commis- sion, 204. exceptional cases. 289, 290. experience examination, 310, 317, 318, 321. first received, 18. foreign, 119. fund for, 246, 265, 266, 269, 271. 276. 278, 281, 282, 290, 298, 314, 323. .'{42, 343. 419, 42(5, 4:W, 473, 484, 490, 494. licensure, 338, .504. ordination, 11(5. 1.50, 320. plan for education. 419, 420. 4.38, 451. l)reacbing of, 1.'55, 151, 1.53. Presbvterv to care for and recommend, 337," 338," 512. Presbytery of New Castle ordered to examine, 202. private education, 1.53, 1.54. reception of, .52, 110, 115, 119, 133. regulations for, 337. rejection of, 77. seminary or school for, 170, 227. Standing Committees to examine, 141, 142, 151, 154, 271, 278, 281, 2H2. subscription to Confession, 94, 98, 116, 1.50, 2M7, .3.39. supervision of, 25. supplies, appointed as, 340, 387. Synod as ('(Uiimittee of the Whole for examination, 1H.3, 1H4. theology, course in, .512. See also A'cj/' .Irrsry, Collrgfi of. Canetuck. N. C.. supplies for. 47.3. Canterbury. Archbishop of, 311, .'{12. Capo May,"N. J., peoi)le of, .36, 237. 243, 245 INDEX. 553 Captives among Indiaus, 312, 317. Carl, Mr. John, 367. Carlile, Eev. Hush, 112, 114, 122, 130, 135, 143, 150, 155, 161. Carlisle congregation, 297, 331, 345. Carlisle Presbytery, 348, 349, 350, 351, 352, 356, 357, 372. reestablished, 523. Carmichael, Rev. John, 298, 302, 306, 307, 311, 313, 316, 318, 320, 322, 329, 333, 335, 341, 343, 351, 355, 364, 377, 378, 389, 400, 411, 412, 424, 426, 436, 440, 449, 455. 458, 464, 472, 474, 475, 476, 477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 499, 505, 516. Carmichael, Mrs. John, 535. Carmikle. See Carmichael. Carolinas, the, supplies for, 210, 293, 311, 399, 403, 405, 432, 434, 439. Carolinas, the. Synod of, 524, 548. Carrick, Rev. Samuel, 514, 515, 516. 528. Carthv's Settlement, N. C, 403, 404. Cartridge Creek, N. C, 403, 405. Case, Rev. Wheeler, 352, 353, 377, 378, 379, .381, 401, 402. 424, 436, 461, 471, 528, 541. Casson, Rev. John, 494, 502, 515, 528, 542. Catawba, forks of, N, C, 374. Catawba River, N. C, stations beyond, 210, 418. Catechising, 111, 417. 418, 513, 532. Catechism, Assembly's, 429 Catechism, Vincent's, 429. Catechisms, Westminster, 94, 97, 98, 100, 102, 109, 110, 114, 127, 172, 195, 233, 245, 260, 286, 331, 344, 351, 409, 4.30. 547. Cathcart, Rev. Robert, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 129, 130, 131, 135, 143, 150, 155, 161, 164, 171, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 201, 205, 209, 211. Cather's Settlement, N. C, 226. Cathy's Settlement, N. C, 346, 374, 387, 417, 454. Catoba River. See Catawba. Caven, Rev. Samuel, 149, 150, 155, 161, 164, 172, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199. Cedar Creek, Del., people of, 36. Cedar Spring, Pa., congregation of, 38, 44, 237, 432. Cemetery, 134. Censors appointed, 118. Censures. See Church censures. Centre Church, Roan Co., N. C, 548. Centre. N. C, congregation of, 346, 360, 374, 403, 404. Certificates, of approval, 184. dismission, 92. forged, 439. foreign ministers, 25, 26, 31, 94, 99, 138, 200, etc. ordination, 25, 109. ofSynod to qualifications, 141, 142, 146. Chalker, Isaac, 112, 114, 120, 122, 130, 136, 143, 149, 161, 165. Chalmers, Mr. Alexander, 322. Chanceford church, Pa., 544. Chandler, Dr. Samuel, 333, 361. Chaplain, 273, 275, 294, 295, 302, 477. not to be pastor, 294. ordination not sine titido. 484. Chapman, Rev. Jedediah, 352, 365, 377, 389, 390, 401, 410, 416, 421, 424, 436, 4.50, 454, 464, 471, 472, 476, 480, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 515, 528, 529, 541. Charge to moderators, 341. Charges referred by Synod back to Pres- bytery, 156. vague, 406. Charitable contributions, 237. Charity scholars, 513. I Charleston, S. C, church, 503, 530, 543. j mission to, 399. ! Charlotte Co., N. Y., 470. Chase. See Case. Chesuut, Eev. Benjamin, 244, 247, 250, 2.58, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 297, 304, 306, .307, 308, 311, 313, 316, 322, 326, 334, 341, 351, 361, 364, 367, 375, 378, 379, 389, 400, 404, 410, 424, 427, 436, 438, 440, 449, 461, 472, Chesnut Level, Pa., 295, 300, 320, 393, 409. school, 219, 227. Chichester, Mr. Elipiialet, 541. Children, baptism, 115, 527. catechising, 111. Divine Songs for. Dr. Watts, 429. education of, 513. See also Baptism. Chowan Co., N. C, supplies asked, 454. Christian Knowledge. See Knowledge. Christian Societies, organization of, 10, 11. "Christian World. Address to," 429. . Christiana, Del., congregation of, 354, 435. Christina Creek, N. C, 432. Christine Bridge, Del., 346, 347. Church censures, 115, 117, 339, 547. See, also, Ministers, Polity, Repentance, Sen- tence, Slander. Church of England. See Em/land. Church of Scotland. See Scotland. Churches, erection, contributions to, 134, 161, 201, 419. inquiry as to condition, 25, 34, 39, 115. records, .3.59. temporalities, 249, 347. trustees, 249. Churches, 1787, list of, 531. foreign, 336, 3.56, 364, 376. See, also, Correspondence. General Synod's authority over, 121, 122, 126, 133, 134. Citations, witnesses, 320, 318. ministers, 396, 414, 442, 504. Presbytery, 396. Civil government, ))aper on, censured, 165 Civil magistrate, 95, 127, 237. Clark, Mr. Daniel, 4.50. Clark, Mr. John (Elder), 492. Clark, Mr. William (Elder), 436, 438. Clark, Mr. (N. Y. Presb.), 261, 267. Clark, Rev. John. 298, 304, 306, 307, 311, 313. 316. 322, 334, 341, 348, 351, 364, .378, 389, 398, 399, 400, 403, 424, 437, 449, 460, 461. 471, 477, 480, 482, 48.5, 489, 491, 492, 494, 496, 502, 515, 528, 541, 542. Clark, Rev. Joseph, 498, 507, 514, 528, 541. Clark, Thomas, 149. Clark's Forest, .387. Clement, Rev. John, .52. .55, 56, 59, 64, 65, 69. case of, 61, 62, 65, 66, 70. 554 INDEX. aerks— Prtsbytory of Philadelphia: 1707. Gi"orye McNish. 9. 17, James Anderson, 42. Synod of Philadeljihia: 1717, Kobert Wotherspoon, 48. 171t^, Samuel Gelston, "jO. 1719, .ledidiah Andrews, ."w. 1720, .Jonathan Dickinson, 59. 1721, David Evans, 04. 1722, David Evans, 69. 1723, Kol>ert Cross, 75. 1724, Kol)ert Cross, 78. 1725, Jedidiah Andrews, 81. 1726, Joseph Webb, 82. 1727, Thomas Evans, 85. 1728, Adam Bovd, 88. 1729, Thomas Evans. 93. 1730, Joseph Houston, 96. 1731, Jedidiah Andrews, 100. 1732, Jonathan Dickinson, 101. 1733, Thomas Evans, 103. 1734, Daniel Elmer, 107. 17.35, IJichard Treat, 112. 173G, John Thomson, 122. 1737, Thomas Evans, 130. 1738, ?>ancis Alison, 136. 1739, Robert Cross, 143. 1740, liichard Treat, 150. 1741, Adam Boyd, 1.56. 1742, Francis Alison, 162. 1743, Francis Alison, 165. 1744, Alexander McDowell, 172. 174.5, Alexander McDowell, 177. 1746, Timothy Griffith, 184. 1747, John Dick, 190. 1748, John Steel, 1<»3. 1749, John (Juild, 1!»5. 17.50, .Joseph Tate, 197. 1751. Hector Alison, 199. 17.52, Sampson Smith, 20.5. 17.53, Ki.hanI Zanchy, 209. 17.5-1, .Sampson Smith. 211. 17.5.5, William Donaldson. 214. 17.56, Sami)S(,n Smith, 220. 17.57, .Samjison Smith, 224. 17.58, Alexander Millar, 2.30. Synod of New York : 174.5, Ebcnezer Pemberton, 234. 1746, .Samnel Finlev, 23.5. 1747, Richard Treat, 2.36. 174H, .John Ulair, 236. 1749, .Sjiniiicl Finlev. 2.38. 1750, Thomas Arthur, 240. 1750, Caleb Smith, 242. 1751, Eliab 15vram, 244. 1752, .Samuel Finlev, 247. 175.3, David Bostwick. 251. 1754, Charles Ueattv. 2.5!». 17-55, Samuel Davies. 26.3. 17-V;, Richard Treat. 270. 17.57, iiichurd Trent, 277. 1758, John RodRcrs, 280. aerks— Synod of New York and Philadeli>hia : 17.58, Alexander McDowell, 285. 17.59, John Hlair, 291. 1760, Thomas Ewing, 298. 1761, John Rodgers, 307. 1762, (ieorge Dullield, 314. 1763, .Joiiii Roan, :)22. 1764, James Caldwell, 334. 1765, John Ewing, 341. .\lex. McWiiorter 1766 1768 1769 1770 1771 1772 1773 1774 411. 424. 437. 4,50. ] 472. Henjamiii Talmagc j ' ^^~ ,.-,._ ( Wm. Kirkiiatrick | „,.. I Wm. Ramsey J ' ( Jos. Montgomery ) „_„ I Wm. Ramsey j . «i'0- j James Caldwell 1 ,,f,^ ( Patrick Alison J ' ■^•^"■ j Joseph Treat I .^^ i Jeremiah Halsev J ' ( Azel Roc r ( James Latta J ' ( Elihu Spencer I James Caldwell I Elihu Spencer ( .James Caldwell I George Duffield ( William Forster ^. — ( Joseph Treat I .„. ^'"^ ] Robert Cooper j ' ■*''^- ^^„^ J William Forster '' ' i Jedidiah Chapman j ., f Dr. John Ewing ) ^"' I Daniel :\IcCalla ( ' ' 1778, Jeremiah HaLsev, 480. 1779, George DulUeld, 482. 1780, Alexander Mitchell, 486 ( Nathaniel Irwin ] Samuel S. .Smith I Natlianiel Irwin I Samuel .S. .Smith j Nathaniel Irwin 1 John Black j William Linn I Nathaniel Irwin George Duffield ( Wm. Mackay Tennent f William Tennent ) William I.,inn -,„o- I Janus F. Armstrong 1 (.„„ ^'^' j .James Wilson \ ' ^'^^• 1788, .James F. Armstrong, 542. Clerks, assistant, 322, 3.34, 341. duties of, .58. l)ayment of, 112. stated. See Stated Clerks. Cleverly, Mr., 121. Clingan, Mr. (ieorge, 314. Clingan, Mr. William, 426, 431. Close, Rev. David, 42.5, 437, 461, 471. Close, Rev. .John. .3.53, 3(i5, 375, .377, 381, .388, .390, 400, 104, 406, 412,416,424,425, 426, 427, 438, 440, 4.50, 451, 464, 471, 476, 480, 482, 489, 492, 501, 505, 515, .52H, .541. Clove. See Close. Coddle Creek, N. C, people of, 310, .387. Cohanzv. N. J., 11. 14. 22. 27, 34, 3.5, 71, 72. Coldin.'Rev. Alexander, 10, 11. Collections, .Sessions to take up, 21.5. See, also, Fund, Indian niisxious, New Jersey Collefie, and Widow's Fund. 1781 1782 1783 1784 1785 1786 , 489. ,493. , 497. , 502. 515. 506. INDEX. 555 College diplomas aud degrees, 141, 146, 465, 475. College of New Jersey. See New Jersey. College of Philadelphia, 219, 227. College, proposal for, 149, 151. CoUius, Mr. Joseph, 313. Colonies, union of, 466, 468. Commissions of Synod, early, 64, 68, 70, 71, 74, 76, 77, 79, 81, 82, 85, 86, 88, 93, 97, 100, 102, 103, 104, 107, 112, 113, 116, 117, 121, 122, 123, 124, 131, 136, 144, 149, 150, 151, 154, 160, 163, 164, 166, 172. Synod of Philadelphia, 178, 184, 190, 'l91, 192, 19.3, 195, 197,199,202,205, 209, 210, 212, 214, 220, 223, 224, 229, 230. Synod of New York, 2.34, 235, 236, 239, 243, 248, 251, 259, 263, 270, 278, 281. After Reunion of 1758, 289, 290, 295, 300, 305, 308, 314, 323, 324, 335, 343, 353, 366, 379, 388, 391, 402, 403, 406, 412, 425, 426, 428, 438, 452, 457, 459, 463, 474, 477, 481, 482, 483, 486, 489, 493, 497. See, also, Fund, and Reunion of 1758. Commissioner to Synod, chosen by session, 405. Commissioners of Synod. See Commissions. General Assembly, 524. Scotch General Assembly, 98, 99. Commissions, Judicial. See Judicial Com- missions. Committees, appointed by Presbytery, 17, 26, 34, 36, etc. appointed by Synod, 86, 132, 295. autliority to call, 295. powers of, 255. See, also, Candidates, Fund, Indian School, New Jersey College, Widows' Fund. Committee meeting, authority to call, 295. Communicants, religious experience, 110, 115. Communion, church, 92. free, with other churches, 245. table linen, 99. Complainants, rights of, 92. Complaints, 25, 26, 92, 180, 388, 396, 403, 456. See, also, Appeals. Conary, Mr. Thomas, 390, 397. Condict, Rev. Ira, 516, 543. Condit, Mr. Philip, 480. Conestoga, Pa., German settlement, 227 Conference, committee of, New Side, 234, 275, 279, 282. Old Side, 279, 282. with ejected members, 162. minutes of, 240, 241. Confession of Faith, 91, 93, 94, 9.5, 195, 202, 205, 238, 239, 243, 286, 305, 338, 344, 539, 545, 546. adoption, 94. amendments. 539. committee on, 539. exceptions to, 95. interpretation of subscription, 127. subscription to, 91. 93. 91, 98, 102, 109, 114, 118, 127, 159, 160, 338. Congregations, rights of, 292. censured, 148. division of, 12. Congregations, expenses of delegates, 117. free to choose pastors, 132. irregular division, 84 list of, 453, 538. 542, 544. meeting-houses, 84. supplies for, 261. trausfer of, 108, 144, 332, 347, 393, .397, 409. vacant, 135. See, also. Churches. Congregational churches, 234, 374. plan of union with, 374, 381. Congress. See Continental Congress. Conn, Mr. Edward, probationer, 544, Conn, Rev. Hugh, 39, 42, 43, 48, 50, 55, 59, 64, 69, 75, 76, 78, 82, 85, 92, 96, 100, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 136, 143, 150, 161, 164, 209. Connecticut, churches of, 364, 370, 371, 372, 373, 374, 381. letter to, 13. licentiate from, 398. union with, 73, 76, 77, 79. See, also. General Convention. Consanguinity aud marriage, 295, 309, 312. Conscience, case of, 290, 294, 295, 312. freedom of, 142, 321. Constitution, Presbyterian Church U. S. A., 68, 86, 94, 108, 160, 170, 245, 275, 286, 305, 460, 546, 547. adopted, 546. amendments to, 546. committees on, appointed, 512, 547. Constitution, Church of Scotland, 51'2. Continental Congress, 464, 468, 471. Continental Loan Office, 479, 487. Contingent expenses. See Synod. Controversial Publications, Committees on, 118. Contumacy, 66, 117. 531. Convention. See General Convention. Cookson, Thomas, Esq., 163. Cooke, Mr. W., 492. Cook's Creek, Va., congregation of, 206, 223, 225. Cool Spring, Del., 289. Coon, Mr. Thomas, 291. Cooper, Rev. Robert, 342, 351, .352, 364, 376, 377, 381, 384, 389, 390, 393, 400, 401, 402, 411, 412, 419, 423, 436, 442, 440, 5.50, 461, 471, 472, 476, 480, 489, 492, 494, 495, 496, 501, 505, 515, 528, 541, 542. Cooperation. See Congregational Churches, Dutch Reformed, etc. Co-pastor, 516. Cornwell, Rev. Wait, ordained sine tittdo, 543. Correspondence, committee of, 290, 295, 301, 302, 309, 315. .321, 336, 343, 353, 354, 355, 356, 364, 374, 376, 397. plan of, 343, .3.55. Corresponding members, 151, 234, 263, 270, 272, 301, .383, 486. Covenant of Grace, false doctrine, 329. Covenanters, 188. Covenhoven, Mr. Lucas, 402, 405. Cowan. Catharine, case of, 206. Cowell, Rev. David, 1.30, 131, 135, 140, 143, 344, 14.5, 148, 150, 151, 152, 161, 16.5, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 205, 209, 211, 214, 220, 224, 229, 240, 273, 285, 288, 291, 298, 299, 307. 556 INDEX. Cowen. Mr. Joseph, 391. .31».3. .1.-.0 Craig, Kc-v. John, l.'vj. ItJti, Kjl, itU, 171, 177, 184, IIHI. i;*_», 19G, l!»y, 201. 2U."j, 2t)J), 211, 21J, 220, 224, 225, 229, 2so, 2»9, 291, 2!r2, 298. 307, 314, 341, 390, 400, 4.')1. Craighead, Rev. Alexander, 122, 123, 130, 135, 143, 149, l.->5, l.'i*), 1«>5, 251, 2,59, 2(j3, 270. 277, 260, 285. 289, 291, 298, :}07. 314, :J.")2. Cr.iiphi-ad, Mr. George, 425, 432, 484. Craighead, Kev. John. 365, 378, 389, 400, 411, 424, 425, 429. 432, 43(j. 4.38, 450, 461, 471, 477, 489, 492, 493, 495, 496, 501, .506, 515, .52^^,541. Craighead, Kev. Thomas (Donegal Presh.), 78, 80. 82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 136, 143. Craighead, Kev. Thoma.s (Orauge Presb.), 4S7, 494, 502. 515, 512. Crane, Mr. John, elder, 351. Crane, Mr. Joseph, elder, 351. Crawford, Mr. Andrew. 322. Crawford, Rev. Edward, 485, 515, 529, 530, 542. Crawford, Rev. James. 4S5, 542. Creary. See McCrecn-y. Credentials, Standing Committee on, 119. See, also. Certificates and Minutes. Creswell, Rev. James, 342, 350, 390, 400, 409, 450. Cross, Rev. John. 101, 102, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, l.T). 143, 150. 155. case of, 10.3. 104, 107, 115. Cross, Kev. Robert, 49, 55, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101. 10.3, 107, 108, 109, 112, 121, 122, 128, 12f), 130, 131, 132, 133, 1.34, 136, 137, 14.3, 1.50, 1.5.5. 161, 165, 171, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 201. 205, 209, 211, 214, 220, 224, 229. 285. 289. 290, 291, 295, 296, 297, 301. .306, .308. 313, 321, 324, 3.36, 341. .351. 3.52, 365. case of, 63, 64, 65, 67. Croswicks, N. J., 70. 99, ia8. Cub Creek, Va., .374. 417, 418. Cnlbertson. Mr. Sanniel, 377, 383. CuljM-pprr Co . Va., 374. Cumberland Co.. Va., 417. Cumminss. Rev. Charles, 390, 400, 450, 485, 510, 515, .52f). 542. Cummings, Kev. Francis, 494, .502. 503, 504, .542. Cummins, Rev. Alexander. 2.37. 2.38, 242. 244, 247, 249. 2.50, 258, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 293, 294, 295, 297, 298, .307, 3!>0. Cnnningliam, bond, 191. 19.3, 196, 197, 199. Cunningham, Mr. Samuel. 322. Currituck Co.. N. ('., 4.54. Curry, Mr. George, -136, 4.50. Curtis*!. Mr., student, 281. DAGGETT, REV. NAPHTALI, 244, 247, 251, 259. Dancing, promiscuous. 91. Dan River. N. ('.. 265. Darbv. Rev. John. 2K5. 291. 294, 298, .307. 313. :C1.3. 341, 351, :J64, 390, 401, 411, 424, 437. Dauphin of ("ranee, address on birth of, 495. Davenport, Rev. James. 235, 236. 237 2.39, 244, 247, 2.50, 258, 263, 269, 277 281. Davenport, Rev. John, 462. 527, 530. .541. Davidson, Rev. Robert. D.D., 437, 450, 451, 476, 478, 482, 485, 4b6, 489, 492, 49ui .501, .506, .507. 514, 515, 528, 542. Davidson, Mr. William, 471. Davidson's Creek. N. C, people of, 310. Davies, Mr. David. 306. Davis, Rev. Samuel, of Lewes, 9, 10, 11, 14. 25, 38, 40, 42, 50, 55, 59, 62, 64, 67, 69, 75, 81. Davies, Rev. Pres. Samuel. 236. 238, 239. 244, 250, 252, 259, 263, 270. 280, 2^5, 289, 290, 291, 292, 293, 297, 298, 299, 300. 307. Days, special, 268. 273, 280, 282, 324. Deacons. 249, .534. Dead, burial of. 260. Dean, Rev. William, 208. 23.5, 236. Debate, cliurch, methods, 250. De Berdt, Mr., 367. Debow, Rev. John, 451, 459, 463, 470, 472, 473, 477, 486, 503. Deceased wife's sister, marriage with, 301, 484, 487, 488, 490, 491, 495, 499, 500, 502. Deeming, Rev. Oliver, 398, 424, 436, 451. Deep River. N. C, 387. Deep Run. Bucks Co., Pa., congregation of, 479. Deer Creek. Md., people of. 340. .349. Deerfield. N. J., ])eopIe of, 1.52, .503. Defendant, notified of action. 83, 92, 284. Degrees, college, 141, 465, 475. university. 146. Delaware, Forks of. Pa., 405 Delaware Nation, 376. Delegated bodv, proposal to make Synod a, 80, 236, 238. Delegates, expenses of, 43, 117, 494. Demission of ministry. 23, 84, 497, 507. Demming. See Dteitiiitg. Denny. Mr. William, 439. Depositions of ministers: Beard, Kev. John, 425. Bell. Kev. Hamilton, 178. Harker, Kev. Samuel, 330. Liiing, Robert, 7(>. Miller, Alexander, 396. Murray, Kev. .lulin. 366. Smith, Kev. Sanipsmi, 462. Derrj', Pa., peoj)le of, 126. 516. Derry, Presbytery (Ireland), 437, 507. Desk, reading in, 275. Dick, Kev. John. 190, 192. Dickinson, Mr. Daniel, 30(i. Dickinson. Kev. .lonathan, 48, .50, .5.3, .55, .5(J, 5!», 64, 69, 75, 78, 80, 85. 88, 92. 9(!. 100. 101, 103, 107,112,121,122. 130. 1.35, 143, 149, 161, 164, 177, 185, 186, 23.3, 2.35, 2.3{;. Dickinson, Kev. Moses, 69, 75, 78. 79, 80, 96. Digest, preparation for, 511, 517. Dimon, Mr. Nathaniel, 291. Diploma re(|uin'd. 14<), 465. 475. 499. Directory for worsliip. See Worship. Discipliiie. Book of. 95, 522, 524, 525, 526, .539, .540. 545. confi>rniitv with, ndvis«'d. .504. INDEX. 557 Discipline, form of, 546. See Pardovan; also Government. instructiou iu, 340. rules of (Pardovau's), recognized, 519, 535. standard of, 547. Dismission of ministers, 404, 437. church members, certiticates of, 92. Dissent from acts of Synod. 64, 122, 318, 350, 385, 386, 433, 443, 500, 502. conscientious, recognized, 74. Dissenters iu Virginia, 74. Dissolution, pastoral, by Synod, 273, 292. Di'sane Songs for Children, 429. Divinity, professor of, 303, 309, 386, 399. students, 305, 309, 521. study of, 512. Division of 1745, 58. See New Yorh Synod. Divorce, 398, 509. Doak, Eev. Samuel, 485, 510, 515, 528, 542. Doctrine, deliverance on glory of God, 148. covenant of grace, 329. of election, 329. standard of, 547. of universalism, ,540. Dodd, Eev. Thaddeus 480, 491, 496, 502, 51.5, .528, 542. Doddridge's Rise and Progress, 429. Donaldson, Rev. Mr., 210, 215. Donegal. Presbvterv of, 84, 102, 103, 107, 109, 111, 112, 116, 121, 123, 124, 131, 13.5, 136, 139, 143, 144, 149, 150, 152, 153, 155, 1.56, 161, 162, 164, 172, 175, 176, 178, 184, 190, 192, 193, 194, 195, 196, 199, 201, 205, 206, 209, 211, 212, 213, 220, 224, 226, 229, 289, 292, 300, 302, 306, 307, 310, 313, 320, 321, 322. 325, 328, 332, 3.38, 341, 344, 345. 348, 349, 350, 356, 357, 360, 365, 366, 367, 369, 371, 372, 375, 377, 383, 384, 389, 400, 409, 410, 411, 419, 423, 431, 432, 436, 449, 457, 461, 462, 471, 476, 493, 494, 495. 503, 507, 512, 523. protest, 357. restored, 359, 366. schism in, 366, 371, 383. Donegal Presbytery, so-called, 381, 382, 383 Donuell. Mr. Thomas, 486, 494. Dorset Co., Md., congregation of, 288, 417. Dorsius, Rev. Mr., 177. Dougal, Rev. Samuel, 437, 459,471, 472,477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 542. Douglass, Mr. Samuel, 315. Dublin, Ireland, books from, 219. churches of, 397. ministers, 356, 386. Dublin Presbytery, letter to, 19, 53. Duchane, Mr. Jerome, 341. See also Du- f:hiine. Duffield. Rev. George, 277. 280, 28.5, 291, 297, 299, 301, 302, 306, 307, 308, 309, 313, 314, 322, 323, 324, 329, 330, 334, 340, 341, 343, .346, 3.50, 351, 353, 3,54, 356, 362. 364, 365, .369, 374, 375, 378, 379, 381, 384, 389, 394, 397, 400, 402, 406, 411, 424, 425, 426, 427, 431, 438, 446, 448, 449, 450, 4.55, 461, 471, 476, 477, 480, 482, 485, 488, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 506, 514, 528, 541. missionary journey, 362, .369. .375. Duffield, William, Jr., case of, 494, 495. Dugal, Mr. Samuel, 463. Duuagall. See Donegal. Dunagor, session of (Ireland), 123. Duubartou Presbytery, Scotland, 522. Duncan's Creek, X. C, 374, 418. Duuegall. See Donerjal. Dungannon, Synod of (Ireland), 219. Dunham, Rev. Asa. 516, 543. Duulap, Rev. James, 491, 493, 496, 501, 515, 528. 542. Dunlap, Rev. Samuel, 351, 353, 377, 401, 424, 436, 461. Dunning, Eev. Oliver, 411. Dushane, Anthony, case of, 484, 491, 495, 500, .502. Dushane, Eliza, 502. Dushane, Mr. Valentine, 322, 323, 392, 452, 458. Dutch Reformed churches, 176, 245, 505. Dutch Reformed Svnod, correspondence, 508, 518, 521, 522, 524, 527, 541, 547. Dutch students, 219. Dutchess Presbvterv, 331. 338, 349, 351, 352, 365, 372, 373, 377, 388, 390, 404, 411, 424, 436, 450, 461, 470, 471, 477, 4S0, 485, 489, 492, 502, 506, 515, 527, 528, 541. adopts Confession, 351. EAKIN, REV. SAMUEL, 378, 339, 401, 407, 411, 431, 4.36, 449, 461, 482, 484, 485, 489, 492, 496, 503. case of, 413, 414, 418, 428, 440. East Hanover, N. J., people of, 104, 106, 140, 145. East New Jersey, Presbvterv of, 106. 107, 108, 112, 114, 115; 119", 123, 131. 132, 136, 137, 141. Edenton, N. C. supplies for, 374, 375. Edgar, Mr. James, 436. Edmeston. See Edmiston. Edmiston, Mr. Samuel, 451. Edmiston, Mr. William. 322. case of, 3.32, 338, 339, 348, 354, 376. Edmunds. Rev. James, 450, 451, 486, 496, 501, 504, 529, 542. Edsal, Mr. Philip, 351. Education, standing committees, 141. Scotland, appeal to. 171. See, also. Candidates, Jlinisters, New Jersey Colleae. Edwards, Rev. Jonathan. 247. 249, 263. Egg Harbor, N. J.. 249, 376. 394, 418. Elders, absentee, 43, 256, 491. absent without leave, 117. additional, 17. alternate admitted, 383, 405. appointment ordered. 37, 41, 2.50, 252. attendance desired, 132, 150, 160, 172, 235, 462. committee of Fund, 143, 172, 195, 197 199, 205, 209, 212. consent necessary to service, 345. election, 37, 250, 2.52. exclusion from judicatories, 537. expenses, 177, 491 lay, 3.50, 356, 3.58, etc. members of committees, 162, 166, 178, 184, 190, 193. members of commission. 1.50. 160, 172. with ministers in judicatories. 17, 42. New York church. 250, 252. 558 INDEX. Elders, noniiiiation bv committee of Synod, •250. -J.")-,', obev or resign, 435. ordination of, :i:H), 337, 340, 345, 534. jilan for clinrch administration, 3.")0, .■i.">.'J, 3o«, :i'}6, .TiH, 3U4, 370, 37G, 3«C, 393. 40-_'. 415, 4,'5. rci)orts, 18. -21, 2-J, 40, 45. represL-ntatives in absence of minister, 4->. roll at first meetin}:, 9. subscription of Standards, IGO. vote for, i.")^. Elder, Rev. John, 143, 144, 149, 155, 161, 1«4, 171, 177, ls4", 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 201, 205. 209, 211, 214, 220, 224, 2;«), 285, 291, 294, 297, 298, 300, .307, 308, 314. .323, .334, 335, 340, 341, 344, 348, 349, .351, 353, 366, 367, 369. 371, 3'?3. 390, 391, 400, 405, 411, 424, 42.5, 436, 444, 4.50, 4.53, 472, 477, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, .501, 506, 515, 528, 542. Election, false doctrines. 329. Elizabeth River. Va.. 28. Elizabethtown, N. J., First Church, 333, 380, 436, 4.54. convention at. .374, 381, 392, 416. Elk River, Md.. congregation of, 84, 86, 87, 91, 170, 201. Elko. See JIuo. Itico, Hiro. Elliott, Andrew. Esq., 3:J3. Elliott, William, aid for. 297. Elmer, Rev. Daniel, 92. 96, 97, 100, 101, 103, 107, 112, 1.30, 135, 143, 150, 1.55, 161, ]a5, 171, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 205, 209, 211, 214. Elmer, Rev. Jonathan. 244, 247, 250, 259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 298, 301, 306, 31.3, 333, 341, 351, a52, 364, 377, 3i>0, 399, 401. 411, 424, 425, 4.32, 436. 439, 450, 454, 461, 462, 470, 471. 476, 480, 482, 469, 492, 496, 501, 502, 505, 51.5, .528, .541. Elmore. See Elmer. Emmilt, Abraham, case of. 56, .57, 61, 63, (io. England, act of toleration, 147. Church of, 37 {note), 111, 306. Parlianii'Ut of, 22.5. war with Sjiain, 151, 187. Enno Rivir. \. ('.. 265, 28.3, 310, 448, Episcopalians, 111, '.'AiH. 311, 312, 31.3. Erasure from records, 546. Erwin. See Iririn. Europe, 149. 1.52. European churches, 295. Evan. See Eratm. Evans, Rev. David, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 25, 27, 21^. 34, 35, .36, 38, 42, 48, .50, 55, .59, 64, 6H. (i9, 75. 78. 80, 82. K5. 92, 97, !K>, 101, 10.3. 107, 112, 122, 130, 13.5, 14.3, 1.50. 161, 16.5. 172, 177, 184, 19f», 192, 194, 196, liKI. Evans, Rev, Isra.l, 462, 472, 477, 480, 482, 4k5, 4)^9. 4!»2, 496. .501, iVKJ, 51.5, .530. Evans, Mr. .ram<-s. :{0»;. .308. Evans, Joel (proliationcr). 165. F:vans, Mr. Robert, 2!t7. .3(Mi. 4.50. Evans, Rev. Samuel, 161, 162, 165, 171, 177, 18.J, 190. case of, 199. 200. Kvans, Rev. Thomas, 7.5, 78, 82, 85, 92, 96, ! 100, 101, 103, 107, 122, 130, 136, 143, 1.50, 1.55, 161, 165. j Evidence, insufficient, 26. See also Cita- tions, Witiiexnes. Ewing, Mr. James, Elder, 4.50. Ewing, Rev. John, 294, 297, 298, 300, .301, 302, .306, ;}07, 30n, 309, 311,312, 313, 314-.317, 320, 321, 322, 323, 324, 326, 327, 3:i5, 336, 341, 347, 348, 350, 351, 353, 354, 3.56, 357, 361, 364, .36(i. 3ti7, 368, 374, 376, 377, 379. .380, 3>1, 389, 397, 400, 402, 405, 406, 407, 408, 410, 412, 41.5, 416, 419, 423, 424, 42.5. 42(i. 427, 428, 4.36, 438, 440, 444, 4.50, 471, 476, 477, 479, 482, 483, 485, 486, 489, 492, 495, 496, 501, 505, 514, 528, 541, .548. Ewing, Mr. Maskell, 390. 397. Ewing, Mr. Thomas, 297. Examination. See Ciindidates. Excommunication. 91. 92, 117, 396, 531. Excuses for absence, frivolous, 49. Exegesis. Latin, 43, 116. Exell, Rev. Mr., 22. Expenses. See Dele(}ates. Experience, religious, of candidates, 318, 319, 320, 321. FAGG'S MANOR, Pa., 255, 256. Fairfield church. 73. Fairfield Co., Conn., Eastern Association, 239. Western Association, 425, 516. Fair Forest, N. C, 387. Faith, See Confession of Faith. Faitout, Rev. George, 480, 486, 492, 493, 496, .501, 505. 506. 514, 528, .542. Falconer, Mr. William, 477, 496, 505. Falling Spring, Pa., 2.37. Faniil.v worship. 105, 107, 250. Fasti lig at ordinations, 32, 35, 38, 39. public, davs. 161. 181, 21.5, 218, 228, 229. 268. 273, 276, 280. 282, 289. 290, 292, 305, 310, 315, 340, 398, 420. 426, 460, 463, 464, 471, 478, 481, 483, 488, 527, 529. Faulkner. See Falconer. Ferrv, the, Md., 172. Finch, Peter, candidate, 80. 81. Finlev, Rev. James, 247, 250, 259, 263, 270, "277, 280, 285, 291, 292, 294, 301, 303, 306, .313, 322, .323, 334, 341, 343, 345, 351, .364, 36.5, .37.5, .377, 380, 381, 389, 400, 411, 417, 424, 425, 437, 4.50, 452, 461, 472, 477, 480, 482, 487, 489. 492, 494, 495, 49t), 498, .500, 501, 502, 507, 515, .527, .52.S, ,535, .542. Finlcy, lU;v. John Kvans, 483, 492, 493, 496, .501, .506. 514, 515. .527, .528, 542. Finlev, Rev. Rolurt, .503. .529, .531, .541. Finlev, Rev. Samuel, 1). 1)., 2,33, 23.5, 2.36, '2.38, 240, 242, 244, 247, 250, 2.59, 263, 270, 277, 280, 2n5, 291, 295, 296, 297, 298, .300, 302, 304, .30H, .",09. 312. 313, 314, 31.5. 316. 317, 320, 322, .323. .324, 3.32, 3.33, 3.34, .3.35, .33(i, .3.57, 338, 341, 344, 345, .317, 351, .353, 365. Finney, Mr. Robert, 42.5, 431. Firm in. Mr. Peter, 472. Fish. Mr , 490. Fishing (n.k. S. C. .374, 387. Fithian,Mr. Jos.ph, .377, .383. INDEX. 559 Fithian, Mr. Philip Vicars, 462, 470, 473, 477. Flemmiug, Mr. David, 306, 308. Flint, Mr. John, 291. Ford, Col. Jacob, 306, 378, .379. Fordham, Mr. Lemuel, 490, 543. Foreign Churches, correspondence with, ^^290, 29.-), 315, 321, 355, 356, 374, 376, 386, 389, .397, 399, 403, 413, 416, 419, 421, 453, 518, 519, 520, 521, 541. Foreign ministers. See Ministers. Foreiirn missions, collections, 246, 248,266. Africa, 456. See, also, Indians. Foreman. Mr. David, 482, 541. Forest, Del., 387, 434. Forks of Brandywine, Pa., 255, 2.56. Form of government. See Government. Form of process. See Sentence. Forman. See Foreman. Forster. See Foster. Fort Pitt, Pa., 376. Foster, Rev. William, 365, 375, 390, 397, . 400, 406, 411, 424, 425, 426, 436, 433, 442, 449, 450, 456, 459, 461, 463, 471, 472, 475, 477, 480, 482, 485, 490. Fourth Creek, X. C, 346, 374. 3S7, 403, 404. Frame, John, 121. France, address to Minister of, 495. Francis, Mr. Thomas, .306. Frazier, Rev. James, 486, 502, Frederick Co., Md., missionary for, 337. Free schools, 175, 176, 173. Freehold, N. J., people of, 12, 13. French Churches, free communion with, 245. Frisbv, Rev. Levi, 437, 461. Frontier, missions, etc., 326, 332, 33.5, 339, 354, 362, 369, 375, 376, 400, 405, 410, 419, 423, 429, 459, 463, 464. Fullerton, Mr. Alexander, 541. Fulton, Mr. David, 315. Fund for German Emigrants. See German Schools. Fund, contingent. Synod New York, 251, 262, 268. Fund for Pious Uses. 49, 51, 52, 55, 57, 57, 59, 60. 64. 74, 80, 84, 96, 99, 100, 102, 103, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 116, 117. 123, 127, 130, 131, 133, 134, 136, 1.39, 144, 14.5, 146, 147, 151, 1.53, 1.54, 1.56, 174, 175, 176, 177, 183, 135, 186, 191, 192, 194, 196, 198, 200, 201, 203, 206, 210, 211, 213, 214, 215, 220, 223, 224, 226, 228, 231, 262, 301, 302, 303, 309, 315, .324, 335, 339, 376, 453, 460, 465, 479, 486, 437, 490, 493, 494, 497, 538. account of, 112. 121, 123, 126, 127, 131- 134, 137, 1.38, 142, 144, 147, 150, 1.52, 154, 160, 453. annual collection for, 57, 6.5. 82, 85, 88, 97, 99, 100, 102, 10.3, 123, 1.36, 144, 195, 197, 199, 215, 246, 248, 299. .300, 308, 311, 315, 316, 361, 367, 368, 369, 370, .376, 380, 419. a.ssessmeut for, 194. auditing committee, 52, 56. borrowers from, 183. church erection, gifts for, 134, 161, 201, 419. commission of Synod, 64, 68, 77, 82. See, also, Commis.<>ion. Committee of Conference with Widows' Fund, 332, 333, 339, 347, 364, 370, 371, .372, 375, 376, 381, 382, 383, 403, 409, 413, 427, 440, 452, 469, 476, 478, 481, 483, 484, 486, 490, 493, 494, 497, 508, 510, 535, 547. contingent, 3.53. contribution from Scotland, 56, 57, 58. debtors to, 84, 88, 170, 139, 191, 193, 195, 196, 197, 199. 202, 205. discretion to dispose of collections, 99, 100, 246. division of, refused, 177. donations and grants from, 53, 58, 63, 65, 68, 77, 79, 81, lOU, 104, 106, 134, 1.39, 147, 1.5.5, 161, 171, 176, 137, 189, 194, 196, 201, 219, 223, 231, 371, .387, .388. 389, 394, 410, 419, 441, 457, 470, 476. loan from, 386, 399. members, committee, 56, 61, 69, 75, 78, 81. 82, 85, 88, 93, 136, 143, 150, 160, 163, 166, 172, 178, 184, 190, 193, 195, 197, 199, 202, 205, 209, 212, 219, 230, 302, 315, 324, 335, 339, 347, 371, 380, 403, 417, 420, 464, 481. merged with Widows' Fund, 309, 315, 347. non-contributors, 65, 70, 75, 78, 136, 144. power of Synod over, 289. revival of, '421, 428, 429, 460, 465, 538. Treasurer, 49, 50, 52, 53, 83, 134, 155, 139, 202, 439, 440, 463, 479, 483. 531, 539. See, also. Candidates, Indian Missions, New Jersey College, Widows' Fund. Funds of congregation, 249. Funerals, liquor at, 359. prayer at, 260. GALE, MR. BENJAMIN, 501. Gallacher, Mr. William. 313. 318. Gardner, Mr. Francis, 306, 311. Garner, Mr. Francis, 498. Gelston, Rev. Samuel, 40, 41, 44, 46, 48, 49, .50, 51, 55, 56, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 80, 82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 97, 98, 99, 101, 103, 112, 116. 123. debt of, 191, 193, 196, 197, 199, 205. General Assembly, Church of Scotland, 105, 106, 256', 356, 386, 413, 418. General Assemblv, Presbvterian Church in the U. S. A., 513, .517, 523, 524, .548. General Convention for religious libertv. 364, 374, 381, 392, 406, 416, 426, 440, 453, 464, 473, 477. Greneral Convention, Reformed Dutch Church, etc., 518, 524, 540, .547. General Presbvtery, 9, 10, 13, 14, 16, 17, 20, 21, .30, 31, 34, 38, 42. division of. 45. self-formed. 9, 13. 16, 20. See, also, Philadelphia Presbytery. General Rules for Judicatories, 512. General Svnod. successor to General Pres- bytery, 45, 46, 48. Presbyteries of, 45, 46. See, also. Synod. Geneva, Church of, 356, 386, 397, 399, 416, 420, 421. Geneva Platform, 245. Geneva, Synod of, letters, 386, 414. 560 INDEX. George II.. 142. 27fi. George III.. 310. 312, 313, 320, 325, 333, 33!». oik), 3t)l . George. Mr. Marcus, probationer, 542. Georgia, .supi>lies lor. 3t)l. 375. 403, 423. German candidate received, l.'{3. ministers, educated iu church school, 227. German* schools, fund for, 219, 223, 226, 227, 228. 231, 2iH), 295, 301, 315. trustees, 22s. Gill, Mr.. 311. Gillespie, Kev. George, 2«, 27, 28, 31, 32, 34, ;iS, 42, 48, 50, 52, 55, .57. 59, 63, 64, 65, 67, iiS, 69, 75, 7f<, «0, 85. 88, 92, 99. 101. 103. 107. 112. 122. 1.30, 13.5, 139, 143, 1,50, 15.5, 171, 177, 190, 192, 194, 19(), 19il, 201, 202, 205, 209, 211, 214, 22(J, 224. 229, 285, 291, 298. Gilliland. Mr. .Tames, 364. Givens. .Mr. liol)ert, 297. Glassbrook, Kev. James, 516, .528. .541, .544. Glascow, liev. Patrick, 122, 130, 136, 143, 1.50, 155. Glasen, Kev. Patrick, 124. Glasgow Presbytery. Scotland, 69. Glasgow, Synod of, 19, 34, .52. gift from, 56. 57, 58. 63, 64. Glasgow University, 56, 63, 230. Glebe, 359, 475. Gloucester, N. J., jieoplc of, 60, 61, 63, 65, 120. God, glory of, deliverance on, 148. Godliness, revivals of. 105, 107. Goetschius. Mr. Henricus, 133. Golden, Mr. John, 442. Goldsmith. Rev. Benjamin. .32.3, 341 342, 351. .364, .377, 390, 401, 424, 541. Gooch, Hon. Wm., 142. 147, 183, 185. Goold, Rev. Ebenezer, 96. 9ft, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 143, 150. 1.56. Goshen, people of, 101. 102, 116, 374. Gospel, i)ropagation of. See Missions. Gourley. Rev. James, 462, 463, An. Government and Discipline, Directory for, api>roved, 95, 245. book to be printed, 525, .539. Committee on, 512, .524. Presbyteries to rejwrt upon, 525. projiosed book referred. .52.5. reports, etc.. .531. .532, .5.33, .535, .536, .5:{.M. .539, .540. 544, .545. .546. 547. Graham. Kev. Channcev, 244, 247,250, 259, 263, 270, 277. 280, 2H5, 291 , 297, .307, 3i:{, 3.31, 352. 3.54, .369. 371, 37m, 401, 404, 4(Hi, 40M, 424, 425, 431, 436, 461. Graham. Mr. Jan-d, :j()6. Graham, Kev. William, 514, 515, 528, 537, 542. Grand Jury, charge to. Virgitiia. 181. Grant. Rev. John. 235, 236, 2:iH, 240, 242, 244, 247, 2."1. Grant. Mr. Uwis, 482. 48.5, 489. Great Hritain, alU-giance to, 468. Protestant succession to throne, 95, 127. Great ("anawaga, Pa., church of. 403. <4reat ("ove, Del., HU|ii>lies for, 4.57, 468. Great Eiig Harbor, N J.. .■{H6. 387, 39H. Great Valb-v, Pa., p.-ojib' of. 27, 37, 175, 19.5, 197, 19S, 200, 211, 226. Green, Kev. Ashbel, 516, 530, 541. Green, Rev. Enoch, 314, 316, ,320, .322. 325, 329, 333, .3,35, 340. 341, 351, 353, 364, 389, 400, 411, 424, 436, 450, 461, 471, 477. Green, Kev. Jacob. 235, 236, 239, 242. 244, 247, 2.50, 258, 262, 269, 277, 2oO. 285, 291, 297, 301. 307, 313, 322, 329, 333, 341, 348, 351, 364, 377, 378, 381, 31*0, 401, 411, 424, 427, 435, 436, 450, 4.53, 461, 476, 480, 482. Greenman. Rev. Nehemiah, 241, 2.58, 26.3, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 291, 297, 29-', 306, 313, 334, 341. .351, 365, 377. 390. 400, 411, 424, 436, 450, 461, 471, 477. 480, 482, 486. Greenwich (Conn.), congregation of, 397, 493. Greer, Mr. John, 313. 364. (rregg. Mr. Andrew, 30(i. Grier, Rev. James, 472. 483, 485, 489. 492, 496, 498. ,501, .50(). 509, 514, 527, .52^. Grier, Kev. Xatlian, 516, .530, 541, 543, 54.5. Griltin. Mr. Jonathan. 351. Griffith. Kev. John. 289. 291, 297, 298, 313, 322, 334, 341, 351, 365, 371, 378, 400, 411. Griffith, Rev. Timothv. 171, 177, 184. 190, 190, 192, 194, 196. 199, 202, 205, 209, 211. Griffitlis, Mr. Abel. 322, 365. Grover, Joseph, 451, 462, 471, 476, 480, 482, 490. Guild, Rev. John, 161, 162, 165, 177. 184, 190, 192, 194, 199, 201, 205, 207. 209, 211, 214, 220, 224. 229, 285, 288, 291, 2!)3, 295, 298, 299, 300, 307, 308, 313. 314. 323, 332, 333, 335, 337, 340, 341. 348, 351. 3.53, 364, 366. 377. .380, 401, 407, 411, 416, 424. 426. 4.36, 450, 461. 471, 477. 480. 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, .528, 543. HAIT, REV. BENJAMIN, 269, 277, 280. 28.5, 291, 293 , 297, 299, 306. 307, 312, 313, 316, 322, 323, 3:i-l, 3.35, 341, 348, 351. 360, 364, 3(55, 374, 375, 377. 388. 390, 396. 400, 406, 411, 424, 436, 438. 440. 4.50, 454, 461, 470, 471, 476, 480, 482. 490. Hall. Rev. James. 476. 486, 494, .502, 542. Hall. Rev. Robert, .503, .529, .531, 542. Hall's meeting house, Va., 4.54. Halsev. Kev. J.ivmiiih. .378, .387. 389, 390, '394. 397, 399, 400, 401, 402. 403, 4(H). 407. 410. 416. 421, 426, 436, 410, 4.50. 453, 45(), 4(!1, 4()3, 4(J9. 472, 474, 476, 480. 485, 487, 4!»0. Halsev, Rev. William, 412, 416, 421, 4.36, "4.38. Hamilton, Mr. Hugh, 2J)7, 300, 31.5. Hamilton, Rev. John. 184, 190, 192, 194, UM;. 199, 202, 205, 209. 211, 214. Hamilton, Mr. William, 364. Hamjisev, Rev. William, 351. Hampton, Kev. John, 9, 10, 11, 14. 17, 21, 25, 31, .34, 38, 42, 49, .50, 53, 55, .56, .59, 64. Hands, laying on of, 32, 3.5, 38, 39. Hankerson, Mr. Kennet, 515. Hanna. Kev. .lobn. 298, .307, 313. 314. 3.34, 335. 337, 341, .348. .351. 3.53, 361. 3(i.5, 377, 390, 401, 411, 424. 426, 4.5(i, 4.50, INDEX. 561 461, 463, 471, 480, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 541. Hanua, Rev. William, 351, 378. Hannah, Mr, John, 297, 313. Hanover, House of, 142. Hanover, N. J., 104, 107, 108, 110, 121, 140, 145. Hanover, Va., people of, 235, 256, 261, 263, 269. 293, 299, 307, 312, 329, 348, 374, 417, 543. Hanover Presbytery, 264, 265, 270, 277, 279, 289, 292, 293, 294, 299, 306, 307, 310, 313, 320, 322, 334, 339, 341, 342, 351, 365, 377, 395, 396, 400, 409, 424, 437, 440, 441, 449, 459, 461, 471, 476. division of, 510, 523. Hardman, Mr. John, 291. Hardwick, N. J., church, 543. Harker. Rev. Samuel, 251, 259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 291, 302, 306, 308, 313, 322. case of, 283, 284, 297, 301, 308, 315, 325, 328, 329, 333. Harriott. Mr. David, 351. Harris, Dr. Isaac, 485. Harris, Mr. Jolin, appeal of, 340. Harris, Mr. William, 482. Harris, Rev. James, 411. Harris, Rev. John, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 291, 298, 306, 308, 314, 334, 341, 345, 351, 377, 390, 399, 400, 405, 412, 450, 451, 486, 502, 504, 529, .542. Harrison, Sir Edmund, 15, 16. Harrison, Joseph, 82. Hart, Rev. Joshua, 424, 425, 432, 439, 541, 543. Haste of pastor reproved, 83. Hatfield, Mr. Matthias, 411. Hawfield's Settlement, N. C, 226, 265, 283, 310, 346, 409, 448. Haw River, N. C, 374. Hazlett, Mr. William, 322. Heathen, missions to. See Indian Missions. Hebrew, studv of, 4.58. Hedges, Mr. Gideon, 333. Hemphill, Rev. Samuel, 107, 109, 116, 117, 118, 119. Henderson, Rev. Joseph, 491, 492, 493, 496, 501, 506, 512, 515, .528, 542. Henderson, Mr. Thomas, 528. Hendrickson, Mr. Gilbert, 306. Henkinson, Mr. Keuith, 492. Henry, Rev. Hugh, 244, 247, 250, 259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 291, 295, 298, 306, 307, 313, .322. Henry, Rev. John, 17, 18, 25, 30, 31, 38, 42, 48. Henry, Mr. Robert, 404, 410, 415. Henry, Rev. Robert, 249, 251, 258, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 289, 291, 298, 307, 314, 378. Hico. N. C, 310. Hiddleson, Rev. John, 511, .512. Highland Scots, congregation of, in Pa., 479. Hill, Rev. John, 496. Hill, Rev. Thomas, .502, 531. Hill, Rev. William. 494. Hillyer, Mr. Asa, 543. Hindman, Mr. Francis, appeal of, 511, 512. Hindman, Rev. ,Tohn, 165, 172, 177, 184. Hitchcock Creek, N. C. 387, 403, 405. Hodge, Mr. Hugh, 492. 36 Hoge, Rev. John, 263, 265, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 292, 298, 307, 314, 334, 341, 351, 36.5, 377, 378, 390, 391, 400, 411, 424, 437, 450, 461, 471, 477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 514, 526, 528, 542. Hoge, Rev. Moses, 514, 515, 516, 528, 536, 442. Hogg. See Hoge. Holland, Church of, letters, 176, 178, 356, 399, 419, 421, 453. Holliday, Mr. Samuel, 472, 483. Hollingshead, Rev. William, 437, 4.50, 451, 464, 471, 477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492, 493, 496, 503. Holmes, Mr. Jonathan, 315. Home missions, 361, 367, 368, 370, 419, 421. 428, 441. See, also. Fund for Pious Uses and Widows' Fund. Hook, Rev. Henry, 50, 55, 56, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 80, 85, 93, 96, 97, 99, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 123, 130, 135, 143, 162. case of, 71, 72, 73, 76. Hope, Mr. Thomas, 450. Hopewell, N. C, 360. Hopewell, N. J., congregation, 14, 24, 132, 138, 147, 148, 346, 403, 404. Hopkins, Rev. Samuel, 456, 458. Horn, Mr. Frederick, 352. Horsfield, Mr. Israel, 252. Horton, Rev. Azariah, 161, 162, 164, 177, 233, 235, 236, 238, 239, 240, 242, 244, 247, 251, 258, 262, 269, 277, 280; 285, 291, 292, 295, 298, 300, 301, 306, 308, SIO, 313, 314, 320, 323, 333, 335, 341, 351, 352, 353, 360, 364, 365, 366, 367, 377, 378, 379, 388, 390, 392, 400, 402, 406, 410, 412, 419, 424, 436, 450, 454, 461, 476, 477. Horton, Rev. Simon, 112, 114, 122, 130, 136, 149, 161, 164, 171, 233, 235, 236, 238, 240, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 262, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291, 298, 306, 307, 308, 310. 311, 313, 333, 341, 351, 355, 360, 364, 377, 390, 401, 404, 411, 424, 4.36, 450, 461, 480, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 530. Houston, Rev. Joseph, 80, 82, 84, 85. 86, 87, 88, 92, 96, 97, 100, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 149, 156. bond remitted, 170. Houston, Rev. Samuel, 515, 516, 528, 542. Houston. See, also, Huston. Hubbell, Rev. Nathaniel, 85, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 123, 1.30, 143, 149, 161, 164, 177. Hucheson. See Hutchinson. Hudson's River, N. Y., settlements on, 417. Huey, Rev. Robert, 4.37, 439, 450. Hughs, Mr. Christopher, .390. Humphreys, Mr. William, 326, 350, 353, 423. Hunt, Rev. James, 306, 307, 311, 314, 322, .332, 3.33, 334, 337, .340, 341, 344, 351, 364, .36.5, 377, 378, 381, .387, 389, 390, 393, 400, 423, 424, 426, 437, 4.50, 461, 471, 477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, .542. Hunt, Mr. Ralph, 484. Hunter, Mr. (Elder), 404, 406. Hunter, Rev. Andrew, Sr.. 2.35, 236, 239, 244, 247, 250, 258, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 289, 291, 297, 304, 306, 311, 562 INDEX. 313, 316. 320, 322. 323, 326, 333, 334, 335. 341. 3.">1. S.'J.J. 3)i4, 3<)o, 375, 377, 37t^. 379. .•J.-l. 3.-s!t. 4iMi, 4((2, 404. 410. 412. 41(i, 424. 427. 433, 4'M, 43.-5, 440, 441». 455, 461. 472. Hantcr. Kev. Andrew. Jr., 462, 470, 473, 4>-^2. 4a'i, 4S5, 4>9, 492, 496, 501, 506, .50f<. 514. 52.S, 541. Hunter, Mr. Heurv, case of, 126, 128, 129, 131. 132. 139". Huutiiigiloii. L. I.. 366, 404, 516. Huston. Kev. Alexander, 322, :{42, 351 , 364, 372. 377, ."J-sl, 3tt3, 39U, 400, 411, 423, 424. 425, 429, 437, 450, 4tt5, 497, 501, rMNi. 50^. faujilv of, 5.'i5. Huston. Mr. Hugh, 383. Huston. See Houston. Huston. Mr. James. 390. Hutchinson, Kev. Alexander, 69. 75, 78, 82, 85, 9:i. 96. 99, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 136, 143. 1.50. 155, 175, 236^251, 2s5. 291, 29S, 306, 314, 334, 341, 365. Hutton. Mr. John. 492. Hyde, Kev. Simeou, 498, 503. I LI CO, X. C, 265. Illsky, John, case pf, 22, 23. 24. Index, Minutes of Svnod, 517, 531, 542. Indian Creek. N. C', 374, 387. Indian Schools and Missions, 245, 248, 278, 282, 283. 293. 294, 299, 310, 311, 315, 3.^5, 3.36, 337, 343. 347, 3.54. .3.56, 3reter. 376, 3b0. Judfiment. attested cojiy of, 475. review of requested, 478. Judicatories, General Rules for, 304, 512. pro re naia meetings, 30.5. Judicial cases, retrial, 328. Judicial C2, 333, 341, 351, 376, 387, 388, 394, 400, 411, 423, 4.36, 447, 449, 461, 471, 476, 487, 490, 507, 508. 525. united with New Castle, 164. Lewis, Rev. Amzi, 401, 425, 436, 450, 461, 471. 476. 480. Lewis, Rev. Ichabod, 404. 424, 425, 426, 436, 438, 440. 461. 470, 473, .528. 541. Lewis, Rev. Josiah, 390, 399. 403, 411, 412, 417. 424. 437. 447, 450, 487. case of, 485. 490. Lewis, Rev. Thomas, 236, 239. 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 263, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291. 293, 298, 307, 333, 334, 339, 341, 345. 347, 351, .3,53, .364, 365, 367, 374, 377, 378, 379, 381, 387, 388, 389, 390, 399, 401, 402, 406, 411, 412, 421, 424, 436. 438, 450, 461, 465, 476. 480. Lewistown, Del., people of, 10, 40, 44, 199. 564 INDEX. Lewistowii Presbytery. See Lewes. Lexington Pnsliytery, formation of, 523. Liberal id neat ion. See Educadun. I^iberty. civil and religions, 142, 258. See, also, Geiienil Convention. Librarian. 219. Library. i)ublie. 219. Licensure, required, 18, 249, recalled, 4(J2. temporary, disapproved, 339. disiipproved, 332. by a committee, 36 not at same meeting as ordination, 33i». regulations concerning, 305, 319, 338, :«9, 344. 4:i5, 445. 475, 499. Licentiates, 17, 2«, 34, 36, 135, 137, 309. foreign. .52, US, 119, 338, 344, 398, 399, 405, 529, 544. list of, 527, 531, 542, 544. vacant cburclies, 135, 137, 138, 146, 151, 153, 154. See, also, JJiuisters, Foreign. Light, Kev. Johannes, 270, 272. Ligonier, Pa., supplies for, 417 Lindley, Mr. Joseidi, 516. Lindsay, Mr. James, 426 Linn. Sec Lynn. Liquor at funerals, 359. Literature, religious, plan for distribution, 429, 441, 452. Little Britain, Pa., 328, 332, 338, 339, 348, 393. Little. Mr. John, 313. Little River, N. C, supplies for, 346. Little River .Settlement, S. C, 360, 374. Livingston, Mr. Peter V. B., 351, 353, 356, 400, 402, 410, 429. Loan office, continental, 479, 487. Logue, Mr. Manasseh, 377. London, Bishop of, 127. dissenting ministers of, 52, 54, 63, 356, 386. Londonderry Presbytery, Ireland, 542. sub-svnod of. 211. Long Canes, N. C, 374, 3^7. Long ("anes, S. C. 360, 403, 404, 432. Long Island, N. Y., 120. Long Island Presbvterv. 46, 48, .56, 59, 60, lo of. 310 Luckev. Kev. George, 477, 480, 50(5, .507, 51.5. .542. Lynn, Rev. John, 477, 489, 491, 492, 496, 501, 50.3, 505, 514, 528, 642. Lynn, Rev. William Adolphus, 462, 472, 477, 4b9, 492, 49(i, 501, 502, .505, 507, 515, 516, 530. Lyon, Dr. (Elder), 377, 378, 379, 412. Lyon, Rev. James, 322, 330, 33t!. 342, 364, 377, 390, 401, 411, 424, 436, 450, 471, 477, 480. Lyon, Mr. Joseph, 291, 294. McADAM, REV. HUGH. 277, 280, 285. McAden. See MrCndtlcn. McBride, "SU: John. 37M. McCaddan, Rev. Hugh, 291, 29>^, 307, 313, 314, .341, 390, 409, 4.50, 4b6. McCadden, Rev. Thomas, 400. McCade, Rev. Thomas, 494. McCall, Mr. Thonuis (Elder), 411. McCall, Rev. Thomas, 486, 496. 502. McCall, Rev. Thomas H., .529, .530, 542. McCalla, Rev. Daniel, 4.37, 461, 462, 471, 476, 477, 480, 4h2, 485, 489, 492, 496, .501. .506. 515, 530. McCalla, Mr. .John, 43(), 438, 450, McCalla, Mr. Thomas Harris, 476. McCalley, Mr. John, 400. McCalmont, Mr. John, 4.56. McCannan. See McKennan. McCaule. See McCall. McClauaghan, Rev. Mr.. 311, 312. McClane, Mr. Azariah, 390. McClane. Mr. Jose]ih, .541. McClean, Rev. Alexander, 424, 525, 437. McClean, Mr. John. 42.5. 435, 4.39. McCleland, Margaret, 326. McClelland, Rev. Daniel, 390, 401. McClelland, Elizabeth, case of, 320, 325, 32(i, .328. McClelland, Mr. John, 416, McClure, Mr. Alexander, 343. McClure, Rev. Andrew. 515, 516, 542. McClure, Mr. David (Elder), .505. McClure, Rev. David, 4:J7, .504. McConkev, Mr. William, 343. McConneil, Rev. James. 462, 515, 516, 529, .542. McCook. Rev. Archibald. 85, 88, 93. McCoomb, Mr. Robert, 297. McCorkel, Rev. James. 486, 496. McCorklc, Rev. Samuel, 451, 459, 494, 502, 51.5, 542. McCracken, Rev. Thomas, 342, 378, 390, 394, 400, 411. McCrea, Rev. James, 233, 235, 236, 239, 244, 247, 250, 25H, 263, 2()9, 277, 280, 285, 291, 29H. :50<), 308, 313, 314, 334, 341, 351, 3(i4. 377, 391. case of. 274, 279. McCrea, William. 255, 291, 297, 300. McCrea, Rev. Mr. (Orange Presb.), 487. McCrearv, Rev. John, 3(i5. 375, 3H7, 389, :j!K), 394, 400, 401. Ill, 412, 41M,419, 424, 426, 432, 437, 4.50, 45H, 4(;i, 477, 480, 4H2, 4H5, 4H9, 492, 49(i, 497, 501, .505, 515, .52H. .542. McCu.-, Rev. .John. 515. 516. .529. 542. McCullough, Mr. Hugh (Elder), 412, 541. McDonald, Rev. .Fobn, .507, 515, 516, 522, .52.S, .541, 542. McDowell. R.v. Alexander. 161. 162. 164, 170, 171, 17.5, 177, 1H4, 190. 192. 194, 196 199, 202, 205, 20H, 209, 210, 211, 212. 214, 220, 224, 230, 285, 290, 291, INDEX. 565 298, 302, 303, 306, 308, 309-316, 320, 322, 323, 324, 334, 335, 341, 344, 350, 351, 353, 364, 365, 377, 389, 398, 400, 411, 417, 419, 424, 428, 431, 433, 437, 439, 444, 450, 461, 477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 493. McElroy, Mr. John, 411. McEweu, Mr., licentiate, 486, 487. McFarquhar, Rev. Collin, 462, 472, 476, 479, 489, 492, 495, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 542. McFerrin, Eev. Thomas, 437, 462, 471, 473, 477, 492, 496, 506, 515, 528, 542. McGill, Rev. Daniel, 31, 34, 38, 42, 50, 55, 57, 59, 60, 64, 69, 75, 79. McGill. Rev. Hugh, 437, 477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 542. case of, 437, 456, 465, 474. McHenry, Rev. Francis, 150, 155, 161, 165, 172, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 201, 205, 209, 211, 214, 220, 224, Mcllroy, Mr. Hugh, 306. Mcll value, Mr. Fei'guson, 541. Mclntyre, Mr. William, 496. McKean, Mr. Thomas, 341. McKee, Rev. James, 494, 502, 503, 515, 542. McKee, Rev. William, 514, 528, 541. Mackey, Mr. Robert, 380, 390. McKennan, Rev. William, 210, 220, 224, 230, 285, 291, 297, 306, 313, 320, 322, 323, 3.34, 341, 351. 364, 365, 377, 389, 400, 411, 424, 437, 449, 457, 458, 461, 477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 517, 528, 542. McKinley, Mr. Nathaniel, 322, 323, 324, 377, 386, 452, 458. McKnight, Agnes. 326. McKnight, Rev, Charles, 233, 235, 236, 238, 239, 244, 247, 250, 259, 263, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291, 294, 297, 299, 300, .304, 306, 307, 310, 311, 312, 313, 322, 323, 326, 333, 341, 348, 351, 355, 364, 376, 377, 390, 401, 403, 424, 431, 436, 437, 438, 450, 461, 471, 476, 477, 480. McKnight, Mr. John, 291. McKnight, Rev. John, 462, 477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 541. McKnight, Eev. William, 323, 410, 412. Macky, Rev. John, 28. Macky, Mr. Robert, 390. McMasters, Rev. Samuel, 485, 487, 489, 496, 501, .506, 515, .528, 542. McMillan, Rev. John, 462, 472, 477, 489, 491, 496, 502, 515, 528, 542. McMordie, Rev. Robert, 210, 211, 214, 220, 224, 230, 285, 291, 297, 298, 306, 308, 314, 334, 341, 343, 346, 349, 351, 353, 366, 371, .383, .390, 391, 400, 411, 424, 427, 432, 437, 439, 4.50, 476, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 504, 505, 514, 528, 542. ^IcNair, Mr. James, 411. McNatt, Col. Alexander, 388. McNcal, John, case of, 119, 120. McNish, Rev. George, 9, il, 13, 14, 15, 17, 21, 22, 30, 31. 32, 37, 38, 42, 48, 50, 52, 55, 56, 59, 64, 69, 77; estate of, 84, 88. McPherran. See McFerrin. McWhorter, Rev. Alexander, 293, 297, 298, 299, 302, 304, 313, 322, 323, 333, 340, 341, 343, 344, 346, 348, 349, 351, 352, 354, 356, 360, 364, 372, 374, 375, 376, 377, 380, 383, 386, 388, 390, 391, 397, 398, 400, 401, 402, 406, 408, 410, 412, 413, 414, 416, 424, 425, 426. 427, 428, 429, 432, 436, 438, 440, 441, 444, 447, 450, 454, 456, 457, 461, 471, 476, 478, 479, 482, 486, 489, 491, 492, 494, 496, 499, 501, 505, 510, 615, 528, 541, 543. Madowell, John, 123. Magaw, Rev. Samuel, 314, 346, 347. Magill. See McGill. Mahaffey, Andrew, appeal of, 331. Mahon, Rev. William, 516. Maidenhead, N. J., congregation, 24, 132, 137, 1.38, 147, 148, 197, 235, 237, 239, 277. Maidenhead Presbytery, 70. Majority to rule in call of minister, 24, 28, 274, 295. vote to decide questions, 168, 233, 239, 243, 286, 296. Makemie, Rev. Francis, 9, 10, 11. Maltby, Rev. John, 251, 259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 297, 307, 313, 333, 341, 351, 364, 377, 390, 401. Manahawkin, X. J., 326, 417, 418. Manners. See Reformation. Manning, Mr. James, 400, 404. Manse, to be provided, 359. Marlborough, Md., 40, 41, Marriage, case of conscience, 300, 303, clandestine, 116. deliverance concerning, 427. of divorced persons, 509. forms of. 111. judgment in case, 427. laws, Levitical and civil, concerning, 50, 290, 2f)5, 300, .301, 303, 309, 312, 410, 427, 499, 500, .502. licenses. 111, 11.5, 116, 429. ministers censured, 198. ministers enjoined, 500. Pennsylvania licenses. 111. promise of, 198. registers, 359. regulations concerning, 115, 295, 300, 3G9, 311, 312, 381, 393, 402, 403, 410, 419, 427, 475, 478. right of Presbytery to declare void, 509. See, also. Deceased Wife's Sister. Marsh Creek, people of, 398. Marshall, Rev. William, 460, 488. Martin, Eev. Henry, 258, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 291, 297, 302, 306, 308, 311, 313, 316, 318, 3.34. Martin, Rev. James (Lewes Presb.), 107, 109, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 150, 155, 161, 16.5. Martin, Rev. .Tames (Donegal Presb.), 476, 478, 489, 492, 496, 501, .505, 506, 514, .526. .528, .541. Martin, Rev. John, 280, 285, 289, 291, 298. Marvland, supplies for, 2.37, 239. Mather, Rev. Cotton, 15, 16, 28. 29. Matthews, Mr. John, 313. Mattison, Mr. Aaron, 322, 377, 400, 401, 402, 407, 425. 484. Maxfield, Mr. Jt.lm, 341. Maxwell, Mr. John, Md., 364, 365, 390, 394. Maxwell, Mr. John, N. J., 351, 353, 356, 364. .374. ■566 INDEX. Mcatl, Rev. Solomon, 351. 377, 3S1, 401, 4H;, 4-i4. 425, 43G, 4;i8, 4(J1, 471, 4«9, .')•-'-', .">41. Meas. Mr. .lolui, 324, 321). Mechliii. Ktv. Kobcrt. .-)(i3. 529, 531, 542 Meetings, i)laot'S. and dates: Cieneral Preshvtery : Freehold, n". J.,"i70<). New fastle. Del.. 1713, 1715, 1717. Philadelpiiia, Pa., 1707-1712, 1714. 171ti. General Svnod : rhiladeii.liia, Pa., 1717-1744. iSyuod of Philadeliihia : Philadelphia. Pa., 1745-1753. Synod of New York : Elizaljcthtowu, N. J., 1745. New York, 1746. Maidenhead, N. J., 1747-1750, 1757. Newark, N. J., 1751, 1752, 1754, 175(j. Philadelphia. Pa.. 17.53, 17.55, 1758. Synod of New York and Philadelphia: Bedniinster. N. J., 1778. Elizabethtown. N. J,, 1764. New Y'ork, N. Y'.. 1766, 1770. 177.5. Philadelphia, Pa., 1758-1763, 1765. 1767-1769, 1771-1774. 1776, 1777, 1779-1788. See, ahso. Next Meeting. Meeting-house, separate, decision as to, 84, 87. location of, settled, 86, 87, 91, 97, 98, 101, 297. Meetings, interlocutory, 62, 63, 162, 234. pro re uata, 71, 124. Member, church, received by act of Svnod, 98. inspection and discipline, 25, 34, 37. See, also, Suspen»ion. Members of Synod a.ssessed for expenses of meeting. 68, 70, 529. lists of, 1.56, 412. qualifications of, 153, 1.54. rules of business, 298, 302. .304. See, also. Absentees, Presbi/tcri/, Si/nod. Mendbani. N. J., 297. Mtrcir. Mr. James, 515. Middle Oetorara, Pa., congregation of, 156. Middleton, congregation of, 213, 290. ilillar. See ifiller. Miller. Rev. Alexander (Hanover Presb.), 2.30, 231, 285, 289, 291, 292. 298, 307, 314, 320. case <.f, 394, 395, 396. Miller, Rev. Alexander (New York Pre.sb.), 410, 411, 41.3, 417, 419, 424, 4.36, 4.50, 451, 4.5H, 461, 471, 473, 474, 476, 4H0, 4^9, 402, 493, 495, 496, 497, 501, 503, .50.'.. .50S. 514, .52^ .531, 541. Miller. Rev. John. 221. 226, 22h, 2.30. 2*5. 2HH. 291. 2f>2, 2!»4, 295, 297, 29H, 300, .30(J. .308, 313, 314. 320, .322. .323. 32J», .334, XiT,, ,3.36. 340, .311. 3J2, 351, :ir,2, :r)3, .360, .362, .364, .36(i, 367, 369, .374, .375. ;rr7, .'J7H, .379, .3h1, .3.-<9, .391. .396, 400, 402. 406, 411, 412, 423. 42.5, 426, 431. 4.3<). 4.3H, 414, 449, 451, 4.52, 4.53, 4.56, 4.57. 4.5H. 4.59, 4r;3, 474, 477. 4H5, 4m, 489, 4!>2. 4!»-<, 299, 307, 314, 322. 323. 333, 340, 341. .3-I(), 351, 362, .364. 365, 37.3, 374, 377, 379, 3«1, 388, 390, 400, 401, 402, 4(16, 412, 424, 425, 426, 429, 43(;, 4.38, 440, 451. Minisiuks, N. J., 138. Ministers and ministry, absent, received on certificate, 28. added to Presbytery to make up (juoruin, 211. admission, 17. 2.5, 109, 110, 111, etc. admission refused, 60. and the Adoi)ling Act, 1729, 94, 98. annual re]iort to Presbvterv, 18, 21, 22. 40, 4.5, etc. a.ssistants to, 37, 41. call, candidate rejected, 77. censured. 111, 115, 3.39. conditional ordination, 399. credentials of, 17, 2,5, 26, 31, .57. 59, 94, 9ft, 135, 13b, 200. demi.ssion of, 84, deserting, 394. dismission and reception to be re- ported, 437. disowned, 200. duties of, 10. 11. education of, 21, 511. erased from roll, 123, 156, .507, 510. exercise of, 132. faithfulness, annual inquirv as to, 111, 11.5, etc. fugitive, 123. inquirv as to relations, etc, 25, 34, 39, 111, 115. irregular change of field disapproved, 115, 206. itinerant, 10.5, 1.54, 167, 173, 179, 185, 189, 361, 404. life allowance, 105. lists of. 15(5. 412, 526, .529, .531, .542, .544. See, also, Roll. location of, 28. maintenance of, 93, 104, 105, 106, 359, 405. 499. majority vote to rule in call of, 24, 2,-', 274, 295. names, according to seniority of ordi- nation, .526. ordered to cease from service in a jiar- ticular i)lace, 2s. l)reacliing out of bounds, 1.37. protest against jjer.secution of, 10.5. l.ulj)it supplies, 1.3.5, 138, 146, 154, etc. (lualifications for, 77, 234. recei.tiun of. 60, 98, 1(»2, 109, 128, 144, Xl\, 31 1, 3.50, 437, 46.5, .504. regulations concerning. 24, 77, flH, 115. 119, 123, 133, i:j5, 13(i, 1.37. 1.3.'^, 146, 151, 153, 154, 160, 162, 249, 305, 345, 417, 511. resuini)tion, conditions of, 84. salaries, 359. sepanition of, 394. settlenii'ut of, 274, 279. su])ervision and discipline of, 25, 34, .37. Ill, 11.5, .5(11. 51(». translation of, 108, 109, 129, 133, 267, 345. INDEX. 567 Ministers, visiting of families, 105, 107, 111, 260. without ciiai'ge, reasons to be given, 510. See, also. Candidates, Confession, Disso- lution, Excommunication , Laying on of hands, License, Licensure, lAcentiates, Ministers (foreign), Ordination, Pas- toral call. Pastoral relation, Plagiar- ism, Preaching, Probationers, Qualifica- tions, Restoration, Salaries, Subscrjp- tion, Suspension, Trial. Ministers, Foreigu, and Probationers: certificate alone insufficient, 344. corroborative evidence necessarj', 51, lis, 119, 123, 338, 437, 455, 542. credentials approved, 49, 51, 52, 60, lis, 123, 133, 172. credentials not approved, 60, 123. pastoral call to, 172. probatiou required, 119. receptiou of, great care to be taken in, 305, 358, 443-445. reception reversed by Synod, 437. regulations concerning, 118, 119, 338, 344, 4.55. review by Svnod, 135, 442, 443, 448, 455, 4.56, 463, .507, 517, 542, 544. standing committee of Presbytery, 119. subscription necessary, 118. subscription aloue insufficient, 338. Minority to be peaceable, 233, 286, 296. Minutes, alteration of, 67, 498. annual distribution, 3.52, 353, 366. committee to review, 487, 488, 490, 511, 531. extracts furnished, 81. not to be expunged, 499. last session, 93, 108, 109, 110, etc. publication of, 538, 542, 544, 545. reading of, 35, 38, 48, 55, 59, 75, 78, 82, 85, 88, etc. review of, 77, 488. transcribed into book, 242. See, also, Records. Miscellaneous business, committee on, 17. See, also. Bills and Overtures. Missionaries, maintenance of, 340, 400, 473, 476. ncgi'o, 456, 4.58, 459. to North Carolina, 340, 344, 349. testimonials of, 399. See, also, Indians and Missions. Missions, bequest of Eev. Diodati Johnson to, 452. frontier, etc., 326, 332, 335, 339, 340, 354, 362, 369, 375, .376, 400, 405, 410, 419, 428, 429, 459, 463, 464. Indian, collection for, 350. to South and West, 448, 484. Mitchell. Eev. Alexander, 36.5, 390, 397, 400, 410, 421, 424. 436, 449, 455, 461, 471, 472, 476, 478, 480, 482, 485, 486, 492, 493, 496, .501, 506, 515, 528, 542. Mitchell, James, 61, 62. Mitchell, Eev. James. 495, 515, 516, 529, 542. Moderator, admonition by, 35. authority of, 304, 472. chooses place of meeting, 277, 479. election deferred, 472. first General Assembly, 548 Moderator, last moderator to act in ab- sence or death of, 336, 401. leaves chair injudicial case, 447. leet for, 75. letters signed by, 19, 58. meeting, no power to alter time, 472. member. Bills and Overtures Commit- tee, 55, 59, 65, 69, etc. new, charge to, 304, 322, 334, 341, etc. pro tem., 2bl. 399. reelection of, 310. retiring, address to Synod, 304. retiring, nominates candidates for suc- cession, 50, 55. rules for, 304. sermon by last year's, 46, 48, 51, 55, 59, 65, etc. Synod's commission, 281. 305. tenure of office, 310. Moderators : General Presbytery : 1706, Francis Makemie, 9. 1707, John Wilson, 9. 1708, Samuel Davis, 11. 1709, Jedediali Andrews, 14. 1710, George McNish, 17. 1711, John Wilson, 21. 1712, Jedediali Andrews, 25. 1713, John Henry, 30. 1714, Jedediali Andrews, 34." 1715, John Hampton, 3b. 1716, George McXi.sh, 42. General Synod (Philadelphia) : 1717, Jedediah Andrews, 48. 1718, Daniel McGill, 50. 1719, John Thompson, 55. 1720, Malachi Jones, 59. 1721, Jonathan Dickinson, 64. 1722, John Thomson, 69. 1723, Malachi Jones, 75. 1724, George Gillespie, 78. 1725, David Evans, 81. 1726, Thomas Craighead, 82. 1727, John Pierson, 85. 1728, Jedediah Andrews, 88. 1729, James Anderson, 93. 17.30, William Tennent, 96. 1731, Joseph Morgan, 100. 1732, William Stewart, 101. 1733, Joseph Houston, 103. 1734, Ebenezer Penibcrton, 107. 1735, Eobert Cross, 112. 1736, Adam Bovd, 122. 1737, Henrv Hook, 130. 1738, Eichard Treat, 136. 1739, James Anderson, 143. 1740, John Pierson. 1.50. 1741, Jedediah Andrews, 1.56. 1742, .Jonathan Dickinson, 162. 1743, David Cowcll, 165. 1744, Francis McHenry, 172. 1745, Eobert Catheart, 177. 1746, Francis Alison, 184. 1747, Alexander McDowell, 190. 1748, .John Elder, 193. 1749, Timothy Griffith, 195. 1750, John Steel, 197. 1751, Eobert Cro.ss, 199. 1752, David Cowell, 205. 1753, Hector Alison, 209. 1754, Francis McHenry, 211. 1755, Joseph Tate, 214. 568 INDEX. Moderators : tu'lier.il Synod (Pliiliidi'lphia) : IToti, John Ctuild. •_'•,'(!. 17.")7, Adam Hoyd, '^..'l. l?.'),"^. Sainpsoii Siiiitli, SM. Sjiidd of New York : 174"), Jonathan Dickinson, 2:54. 1741), Kl)t.'ni'zer I't'iubfrton, 'S-io. 1747, Gilbert Ttiuu iit, 'SM. 1748, Joseph Lamb, •2.'{C). 174S», John Pierson, 2.i8. 1750, William TtiuRiit. 240. Ebfnt'zcr I'rimc, 242. 17.51, John Hlair, 244. 17.52, Kichard Tnat, 247. 17.53, .Samuel Fiuloy, 251. 1754, James Davenjiort, 2.59. 17.5.5, Aaron Hurr. 2t):!. 175(i, William Tennent, 270. 17.57, David Hostwick, 277. 1758, Samuel Davics, 280. Synod of New York and Philadelphia: "175,"^, (iilbert Tennent. 285. 1751), Robert Cross (rtttUined). Kichard Treat, 2!)'l, 1760, Samuel Davies, 298. 17(J1, Elihu Spencer, 307. 17(i2, .lohn Hrainerd, 314. 17fi3, John Kodgers, .322. 1764, Charles Heattv, .334. 1765, John Miller, 341. 1766, Elihu Spencer, .3.52. 1767, Andrew Hunter, .365. 1768, John IJlair. 378. 1769, William Kirkj)atriek, 390. 1770, Alexander McWhorter, 401. 1771, William Kamsev, 411. 1772, Joseph Treat, 424. 1773, .Tames Sproat, 437. 1774, Robert Smith. 4.50. 1775, Benjamin Halt, 461. 1776, Roliert Coo])er, 472. 1777, John Carmichael, 477. 1778, Tinjotliy Jones (Johns), 480. 177f», Dr. John Ewing, 482. 17H», .rohn Miller, 486. 17H1, George Dutlield. 489. 1782, James Latta, 493. 1783, John McCreary, 497. 1784, .ronathaii Elmer, .502. 178.5. .Matthew Wilson, 506 1786, Aie.xander Miller, 515. 1787, .Jedediali Chapnnin, 529. 17H8. .Tojin Woodhull. 5J2. Moffat. Rev. John, 244. 2J7, 2.50, 258, 263, 270, 280, 285, 291, 297, 2ft8, .307, 313, 3.3.3, .341, .351, .364, 377, 390, 401, 411, 424, 436, 4.50. 461, 471, 476, 4mO, 482, 4s9. 496. .501. .505, 51.5, 528, .54.3. Molfett, Molforl. See Molfnt. Moiiokin, .Md., i)eople of, 13, 18, 20, 2.3, 25, .33, .35. .52, 124. ^lononguliela, Pa., |)Pople of, 4.32, 4.39. M, 439, 440, 441, 444, 4.50. 4.55, 4.56, 464, 471, 476, 4sO, 482, 485, 489, 4JJ2. 494, 49<), 501, .507. erasure from roll, .507, 508, 510, 510. Monthly eolle.tions, 106. Moor, John. 109, 114. Moor and Cunningham, bond, 191. Moore, Mr. John, elder, 377, 406. Morehcad, James, case of, (JO. 65, 66. Morgan, Rev. Josejjli, 17, 18, 25, 31, 38, 42, 48, .50, 55, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78. 82, 85, 88, 93, 96, 97, 99, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 143, 1.50. case of, 90, 91, 132, 137, l.'i9, 144. Morison's Settlement, N. ('., 226. Morrison, Rev. Evander, 2.50, 259, 263, 270. Morrison, Rev. Hugh. 516, 529, 543. Mottison. See Matiisou. Mount Bethel, Pa., 405, .543. Mount Holly, N. J., 376. Muir. Rev. James, 516, 528, 541, 545. Mulford, Mr. Jacob, 515. Munro, Rev. Hariy, 291, 294, 29.5, 296. Munro, Rev. James, 5(t7, 515, ,528, .542. Murdoch, Rev. Jonathan. 411, 424,4.36, 451. Murray, Mr. PIunii)hrey, will of, 213. Murray, Rev. John, ca.se of, 334, 340, 352, 353. 354, 355, 36f). Muskingum River, mission on, 376, 380. Mustard, Mr. John, 291. NANOHAWKIN. See Mafuthaukin. Narrative. See RelUfion. Na.s.sau Hall. See Aew Jerxe;/ College. Nealy, Samuel, case of, 95", 97, 100, 101, 102, 104. Necrology, ministerial, 14, 25, 31. 35,48, .50, 64, 77, 79, 82, 93, 103, 112, 143, 1.50, 1.56, 162, 165, 172, 177, 184, 190, 193, 197, 199, 209, 211, 214, 220, 224, 2.35, 236, 2.38, 240, 242, 244, 248. 251, 259, 281, 298, .307, 322, 334. 3.35, 342, 352, 365, .378, 390, 401, 411, 424. 425, 437, 450, 451, 462, 472, 477, 480, 483, 486, 490, 493, 503, 508, 516, 529, 530, 543. Neely, Mr. Joseph, 505. Negro missionaries, 4.56, 458, 4.59. Negro slavery, 458, 487. Negroes, instruction of, .5.39, .540. Nesbit. Rev. Charles. D. D., .528, 530, 541. Nesbitt, Rev. John. 63. Neshaniinv, Pa., congregation of, 25, 26, 127." 1.3.3, 311, 31.5, 316, 379. Netfield, Mr. Cornelius, 405. Newark, Academy, 420. Newark, N. .1., congregation of, 166, 242, 269, 2N(», 28.3, 294, 299, 3tlO, 4.54. retirement of Mr. Brainerd, 294, 299. Ncwbern, N. C, .361, .374. 375. New Brunswick, Cla.ssis of, .505. New Brunswick, Presbytery of, 138, 14.3, 144, 14.5. 146, 147, 150, 1.52, 154, 1.5(i, 16.3, 161). 168, 17<», 172. 17.3, 174, 176, 177, 23.3, 2.3.5, 2.37, 211, 244, 245, 248, 2.50, 258, 263, 268, 269, 273, 274, 275, 277, 281, 282. 283, 284, 288, 293, 298, .303. 301. 1U4, 171. Svuod of New York, 2:U, 2.35, 236, 2.37, "2.3!t, 242, 244. 247, 250, 258, 2tJ2, 269, 277. 280. Synod of New York and Philadelphia, "306. 313, 322, 333, 341, 351, 364, 377, 38!», 4tK), 409, 410, 423, 436, 449, 460, 471, 476, 479, 4.-^2. 4«5, 488, 492, 495, .501, 50.">. 514, 527, 541. elmnfie of place, 479. moderator to choose place, 277. Nicholl, Dr. .Jolm, k;. >.">, f<6, 89, 99. Niles, Key. Natliauiel, 40.5. 412. Noel, Mr. Garret, 333, 334, 335, 341, 400, 436, 438, 441, 461. N(da Chucky, .525, 536. Norcross, .Mr. William, 367. Norfolk, Va., 545. Norringtou, Pa., people of, 149, 155, 161, 200, 210, 211, 226, 498. North Britain, 172, 194. North Carolina, back conntrv of, 212. people of, 17.5, 210, 212^ 214, 21.5, 220, 224, 226. 262, 263, 264, 265, 274, 283, 310, 339, 340, .344, 346, 349, 353, 361, 374, 375, 309, 422. 473. North Holland, ("hnrch of, 419, 421. Synod of 3>(), 413, 4.5.3. Nortli Mountain. Va.. 206. 226. North of Ireland, Synod of, 142. North Riyer, Va., 206. Northern Neck, Va., 311. Nortluinibcrland Co., supplies for, 479. Northiiinherlandtown, Pa., Cliurch, 543. Norton. .Mr.. 297. Notice to parties at issue, 87, 108, 328. public, as to elders, 2.52. tiuicly, to congregation, 210. Nottingham, Pa., congregation of 109, 11.3, 170, 175, 301. Nottingham Sermon, Mr. Tennent's, 169. Nova Scotia, missionaries for, .388, 389, .393. Nutman. Rev. John, 103, 106, 107, 108, 109, IKI. 112, 122, i:30, 1.36, 14.3, 149, 161, 164, 177. OBJECTIONS, opiiortunity for expression of, 108. Occum, Rev. .Samson, 324, 333. 3.36, 341, .351, 364. 377, .390, 401, 424, .541. Octorara, Pa., 206. < >ir-den, Mr. .Fos0.% 517, 528. Pious usts, fund for. See Fund. Piscalua, N. J., 13tt. Pittsburg. See Fort Pitt. Plagiarism, 139. Playhouse, i>etitiou against. 293. Poeoiuoke, Md., i)eople of, 52. Polity. See Absentee. Mtn-riage. Act.i. Mirlinfj. Adjourned. Menihera. Admuniiion. Minintcrs. Ado]>liii(i Act. M'tiiority. Amendmeut. Miuidex. Anthvm.s. Moderator. Appt'(dx. ^'itrnitive. Arbitration. 2(otice. Autonomy. Objections. Baptimi. Offensen. Basis. Orders. Bills. Ordinances. Burials. Ordination. Candidates. Overtures. Catechiiting. Pardovan. Catechism. Pastoral. Censors. Pew rent. Certificates. Plaijiarism. Chaplain. Prayer. Charges. Preaching. Church. Presbytery. Citations. Process. Civil. Pro re itata. Clerks. Protest. Commissions. I'salms. Committees. Pulpit. Communicants. Qualifications. Communion. 0>'orum. Complnints. Recmds. Coufe.tsion. Reference. Congrri/ations. Removal . Constitution. Reports. Con t u m acy. Rep roof. Corresponding. Rcslnratimi. Credentials. Retrial. Delegates. Reversal. Demission. Roll. Discipline. Rules. Dissent. Salaries. Elders. Scruples. Erasure. Secrecy. Eridince. Sentence. Errom m u n ication. Sermon . Excuses. Session. Exegesis. Shn-es. Expenses. Societies. Family. Standards. Fasting. Staled Clerk. (lorerument. Stitlistirul. Jfaiids. Susjirnsion. Itinerant. Syuoil. .Judgment. Trial. Juiticial. Trustees. Latin. I'nion. Imic >'mi7». I'acant. Lay. I 'ote. Leave. 1'iders. Licentiates. IVhole, Com. of. iMrd's Supper. Widuus Fund. Jjtit. Witnesses. Majority. Worship. Poplar Teut, N. C, people of, 346, 374. Poor, care of, 3.^9. Porter, Mr. .Tames. 49(i. Porter, Mr. lii>))ert, 4>:>, 4.-9, 492, 496, 501. Potomac, people of. ."*. 59. 60, 61, 391. Soutli IJi-anch of. 199, 375, 386, 387, 400, 417, 432. Potonioke. Sec Potomac. Potter, Kev. Elaiii, .361. 36."i, 375,377, 3,-7, 390, 400, 407, 413, 417, 424, 425, 541. Potter, Mr. Isaiah, 377. 378. Powell, Kev. Howell, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38, 42, 48. Power, Rev. James, 4.37, 474, 477, 4i52, 485, 489, 491, 492, 493, 495, 496, 502, 515, 528, .542. Prayer, burial of the dead, 260. closiug, 31, 51, 52, 53, 77, 78, 80, 81, 85, 92, etc. opening, 42, 69, 78, 82, 85, 88, 92, 108, etc. meetings, 491. occasional and public, 547. secret, 107 si>eciul by Synod, 108, 109, 151. See, also, Fasting. Preaching, regulations concerning, 138, 146, 147, 151, 154. IfO. without license, censured. 17, 18. See, also. MinisttTs, itinerant. Preachers ajipointed before Presbytery, 9, 10, 11, etc. Presbyterian Church. U. S. A., Constitu- 'tion of, 68, 74. 86, 94, 108, 160, 17(1. 245, 275, 266, 305. 4(iO, 546, 547. not intolerant, 499. Sep. also, Confes.oion, Constitution, Polity, Presbytery, Standards and Synod. Presbyterian Ministers' Fund. See Relief, and M'idous' Fund. Presbyteries: erected, Abingdon (1785), .511, 522, 542. Abington (1751), 246. Baltimore (1786). 523, 542. Carlisle (1765), 348, .523, 541. Donegal (1733). I(t2. 289. Dutchess aiunty (]7(i6), 352. 541. East Jersey (1733). 106. Hanover (1755i, 265, 542. Lancaster (1765), 350. Lewes (17.35). 117. 124. 28S, 541, .542. Lexington (17^(> . .523. 542. Long Island (1716), 46. New Hrunswick (17.38), 1.38, 541. New Castle (1716), 45, 289. .541. 542. New York (1738). 136. 2h8, 541. Orange (177(»), 409. 542. Philadelphia (1716), 4.5, 288, 541,542. Philadelphia Second (1762), 321. Kedslone (1786), 515. 542. Snow Hill (1716). 46. South Carolina (1768). 408, .541, 542. Suffolk (I749I. 2.36, 28M. .541. Transylvania (17h(;), .523, 542. consolidated. 1.3(i. .TiO, .52.3. dis.solve(l. 34H. 360. 523. . divided. 45. 106. 117, 138, 246, 321, 409, 511, ,522. 523. restored, 3.59, .3(J0. 366. INDEX. 573 Presbytery aud Presbyteries, polity, etc.: admouitioii, 35. autouomy, 319, 321, 445. bounds, alteration of. 287, 288, ^57, 359, 3S3. .384, 391, 398, 405. 437, 438, 522, 526. candidates to be reported, 437. censured, 148, 510. churches, list of, 526. collections, to receive. 212. collections, report of, .538. competent number required, 49. corresponding members, 383. credentials, 135. defamation. 18. delegates, 236, 238. dismissions to be reported, 437. disregard of, censured, 83. division of, refused, 292. exercises, 21, 22, 25, 27, 32, 42, 43. expenses of, 43. expenses of Synod, 526. inquirv as to ministers and churches, 25, 34, 39, 110, 111. judge of qualifications of candidates, 475. letter to, on absentee members, 509. letter to be recorded, 14. minister added to make up quorum, 211. minister received, etc., 394. ministers, list of, 526. 531, oversight, 137, 138. 337, 393, 465, 495. places for meeting fixed, 292. poAvers of, 154. 443. pro re nata meetings, 71, 124, 289, 290, 305. quorum, 132, 136. receptions to be reported, 437. records, regulations for, 46, 59, 526. regulation of, 48, 60, 64, 65, 66, 67, 68, 70, 80, 214, 442. reports of, .322, 394, 4.37, 461, 542, etc. representation by delegates not al- lowed, 236. stated meetings, 115, 292. statistical reports, 526. statistics, 4.37. subordinate meetings, 45. supplies, 400. union of, 292. See. also. Records, Synod, etc. Price, Eev. David, 485 . Prime, Eev. Ebenezer, 236, 238, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291, 298, 307, 333, 341, ."iol, 364, 373, 377, 390, 401, 404, 414, 424, 517. Princeton, \. J., 271, 278, 293, 299, 300, 307, 317. Princeton College. See Xew Jersey. Private Christian societies encouraged, 10, 11. Probationers, rules for, 135. See, also, Candidates and Licentiates. Procedure. See Process and Judicial. Process, forms must be observed, 243, 316, 406. de novo, 328. irregular, 396. must be regular, 243, .546. Pardovan's forms of, 535. Professor of divinity. See New Jersey, Col- lege of. Promises. See Marriage. Propagation of Gospel, fund for, 361, 367, 368. 369, 370, 421. Pro re nata meetings, 71, "124, 290. Presbj-tery to ordain candidate, 289. rules governing, .305. Protest, against better government, 74. answer of Synod, 445. Cross case, 64, 67. foreign ministers, 443. Presbvtery, New Brunswick case, 164.' recorded, 74, 163, 164, 3.55, 384, 433, 445. right to, 218, 2b6. See, also, Protestor Hon. Protestant succession, 95, 127, 142. Protestation of 1741. 157, 167, 170, 172, 179, 218, 222, 223, 241,- 243, 253, 279, 286. See, also, Xew Side. Providence, X. C, people of, 387. Prudden, Eev. Job, 236, 238, 242, 244, 247, 251, 259, 263, 270, 2-50, 2*5, 297, 307, 313, 334. 341, 351, 364, 377, 390, 401, 411,424, 436,4.50, 477. Prudden, Mr. Joseph, 333. 335. Psalms, Barlow edition, 535. congregation to decide use, 255, 448, 537. libertv to use, 2.52, 267, 275, 331, 338, 344,' 448, 513, 537. new version, committee on, 513, 514, 522. Eouse's version, 5.37. Scotch version, 267. Watts' version, 250, 252, 260, 275, 331, 338, 344, 345, 447, 535. Public fasting and prayer. See Fasting. Public librarj-, 219. Public school, 227. Publications, religious censors appointed, 118. See, also. Books. Pulpit, reading in, 275. Pulpit supplies bv General Presbvterv, 12, 14, 23, 24, 34. by Synod, 54. 58, 74. 76, 95, 155, 220, 261, 302, 346, 404, 470, 526, etc. instructions to, 220. power allowed congregation, 196. See, also. Licentiates, Ministers, Presby- teri/. Pumrv. Eev. Samuel, 41, 42, 46, 48, 49, 50, 52, 55, .57, 59, 61, 64, 6.5, 69. 75, 78, 85, 88, 92, 96, 100. 101, 103, 107, 109, 112, 122, 123, 130, 136, 143, 161, 164, 172, 177. QUALIFICATIONS. See Candidates, Mem- bers, and Ministers. Queen Anne's. Md., congregation of, 288. Queensborough, Ga., people of. 417. Questions, debated, majority vote, 168, 233, 239, 2-13, 286, 296. Quorum, adjournment for lack of, 25. 59, 68, 475. commi.ssion of Svnod, 68, 1.50, 160, 166, 172, 178, Is4,'l90, 192, 193, 19.5, 197, 199, 202, 205, 209, 212, 224, 230. 295, 300, 314, .324, .335, 343, 353, 366, .379, 391, 402, 412, 425. 438, 4.59, 463, 474, 477, 481, 482, 489, 493, 497. 574 INDEX. Quorum, of committee, 132, 179, 296, 308, 312. 320, 328. 383, 398, 407, 438, 478. of til Iff necessary for Presbytery, 132. J3(). RAMSEY. MR. DAVID. 31.3. Kaiiisfv. Mr. JaiUfs. 377. Hamsfv, .Mr. William, 477. 478. Kamsfv, lifv. William, 277, 280, 285, 288, 2!tl, 2J»7, 304. 306, 307, 312, 313, 322 333, 334, 33!t, 340. 341, 34(;, 347, 3.')! ;io3, :j()4, 'Mo, 371, 374. 37."), 37ii, .377 378, 383, 389, 400, 404, 408, 410, 411 424. Rankin, Kf v. Adam, .^1."), ."il(i, 542. liiinkin, KfV. .John, 48o, 4&7, 489, 497, 501, .')(>(). 51.">, .">28, .")42. Karitan Kiver, N. J., 138. Kead. See Hvcd. Kead, Kf V. Janifs, :«t0. Kead, llf V. Thomas, 378, 413, 42.5, 43.5, 437, 43!i, 444, 447. 449, 4«1, 471, 47(5, 480, 4s2, 485, 4>9, 4!I2, 4!MJ. .■)01, 505, 506, 515, 517, 527, 528, 542, 545. Reader. See Reeder. Reading in desk, 275. Reah. .See Hhea. Records of I'rcsl)yteries: annual review by Synod, 46. approved, with comment, 371, 374, 419, 4.58. book of minutes. 39. censure for not producing, 190, 214, 220. 224, 315. .323, .3.34. committee aiijjointed to procure, 334. committc'! appointed to review, prior to meet ing of Synod, 375. committees to review, 52, 56, 60, 65, 69. 75. 78, 81, 82, 85, 88, 93, 96, 100, 102, 107, 112, 12.3, 131, 136, 143, 1.50, 1.56, 166, 172. 178, 190, 193, 195, 209, 251, 259, 270, 281, 334, 342, 3.53, 365, 378, 381, 391. 402, 412, 42.5, 426, 438, 451, 462, 473, 498, 502, 506, 517, 531, .533, .544. exceptions to, 147, 282, 330, 339, 398, 476, 510. 514, 525. form nf, 54, 59. letter-book ordered, 14. marginal room. 5!). orderfd brought to next Synod, 48, 10.3. 107. 172, 178, etc. ordered sent to Synod, in absence of members of Presbytery, 498. not produced, 4H, 7-5. 78, Ki. 96. etc. not i)roduced, reasons sustained, 85, 88. punctuality insisted on, 462. record-book ordered, 46. .54. reports of committees, 7-1. 77, 80, 81, 83. 9f». 139. 147. 2.59. 261. 262. 3.30, .3.39, .349, 371, 374. 398, 410. 419, 421, 434, 448, 476. .5(M), 510. .536, .538. See, also, Miniilrs. Records of sessions ordered, .37, 41. revised. 41, 46. Records of .Synn1, 477, 479, 480, 485, 4.s(i, 488, 492, 49(J, 501, 505, 515, 5-28, .53(1, 541. Schcncrtady, X. Y., cburcli of, 419, 471. Scliool (Svuod's) for Youth, 149, 1.51, 1.55, 17li 175, 17(). 178, 18.5, 18(), 187, 190, 191, 192, 193, 194, 195, 19G, 198, 199, 200, 201, 202. 20Q, 208, 209. 210, 212, 214, 219, 220, 223, 224, 227, 228, 231, 299. Schoolniastei"s, 513. Schools, reli^iious instruction in, 359, 513, 526, 532. Scotland, Church of, constitution, 245, 512. letters, 87, 98. 100, 105, 106, 256, 3.56, 386, 413, 416, 418. ministers, supply of, 151, 164, 170, 171, 174, 255, 2.56. ' New York church edifice, 99. 249. relief fund. 22.5. 372, 381. secediuR ministers of, 386, 397. unity witli. 1 12, 228. 245, 2.56, 409. Williams' bequest, 99, 100. Scott, Kev. Archibald, 485, 515, 529, 542. Scott, David, 4.57. Scott, Dr. (Elder), 545, 546. Scott, Mr. Josiab, 306. Scott, Mr. Mo.ses. 411. Scott, Mr. Patrick, 496. Scott, Mr. Thoinits, 291. Scougal, licy. .Tames. 172, 177, 184. Scruples, as to doctrine, 94. 97. 127. concerning the Lord's Sujjper, 191, 192, 193, 194. Scudder, Dr. Nathaniel (elder), 351, 353, 356, 487. Sealing ordinances. See Baptism, Lord's Siij)ppr, Scruples, and Suspensimi. Seceders, Scotch Synod of, 356, 386, 397, 398, 408. Secrec}', pending decision, 140. Secular education, 141, 146. Seminary. See School. Semple, liey. Nathaniel, 483, 492, 497, 501, .50<>, 514, 52(i, 528, 542. .Sentence to be definite, 394. form of words for reversal, 22. must be ade(|uate to oilence, 339. reaii from ]iui])it, 418. Sergeant, -Mr. .Jonathan, 299, 308, 317, 324. Sermon, admission, 18, 21. by candidates, 9, 11, 45. by last nn>derator of Synod, 46, 48, 49, 51, 69, S.5, 8M. 2:50, 23.5. 291, 515, etc. by nicnibers of Presbytery, 9, 10, 13, 14, etc. omission, Synod, .59. reading of, from |iulpit, 310. sul)stitute for hist nio^9, 491, 196. 498. 502, 515, ,528, .542. Smith, K.v. Kob.rt, 247, 2.50, 2.59, 26.3. 270, 277, 2S(), 2S5, 291, 29.5, 298, .300, 301, .302! .30.5^ 30(!, 308, 313. .314, 315, 322, 323, .330, 3.33. 3.34, 335. 3:{8, ,340. 311, 351, .3,53, .3.55, .360, 364, 365, lU;*;, 371, 375, 376, :{77. .3TH, .379, 381, .3S6, 3h9, 397, 398, 400, 402, 406, 411, 412, 419, INDEX. 577 424, 425, 437, 438, 441, 449, 450, 461, 471, 476, 480, 482, 487, 489, 492, 496, 501, 505, 514, 528, 542. Smith, Rev. Sampson. 199, 205, 209, 214, 219, 220, 224, 230, 285, 291, 295, 297, 298, 301, 306, 307, 308, 311, 312, 314, 315, 322, 328, 334, 338, 339, 341, 349, 351, 366, 371, 383, 417, 424, 425, 432, 437. cases of, 390, 409, 411, 451, 462. Smith, Rev. Samuel Stanhope, 437, 459, 463, 465, 472, 476, 479, 482, 485, 486, 488, 489, 492, 493, 494, 496, 504, 506, 515, 516, 517, 528, 541, 545. Smith, Rev. Thomas (New Brunswick Presb.), 334, 338, 341, 351, 364, 377, 378, 387, 401, 402, 404, 411, 424, 426, 436, 450, 452, 460, 461, 471, 477, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515, 528, 541, 542. Smith, Rev. Thomas (New Castle Presb.), 411, 447, 451, 4(il, 480, 482, 485, 489, 492, 496, 501, 50G, 515, .528, 542. Smith, Mr. Walker, 504. Smith, Hon. William Peartree, 390, 396, 436, 438, 477, 478. Smith, Rev. William, 477, 487, 489, 492, 496, 501, .505, 506, 514, 528, 542. Smithbury, N. J., people of, 108. Smithtown, L. I., N. Y., church of, 543. Snodgrass, Mr. Benjamin, 528. Snodgrass, Rev. James, 516, 543. Snodgrass, Mr. Thomas, 471. Snowden, Isaac, Esq., 324, 515, 527, 539, 541, 544. Snowdon. See Snowden. Snow Hill, Md., people of, 10, 11, 12, 53, 172. Snow Hill Presbytery, 45, 46. Societies to be organized in churches, 10, 11, 359, 363, 370, 371. Society. See Knowledqe and Missions. Somerset Co., Md., 124, 288. South Carolina, independent Presbvtery of, 307, 356, 386, 397, 401, 408, 409, 413. 451. supplies for, 274, .361. Synod's Presbytery, 504, 506, 515, 528, 529, 5.30, 542. See, also, Carolinns. Southampton, L. I., N. Y., church, 44, 517. Southerland, Highland Scot congregation, 479. South Mountain, Va., 206, 226. Spain, war with England, 151, 187, 31.5. Sparks, Mr.,- 383. Spear, Mr. Robert, 297. Special days. See Days, Fasting, and Prai/er. Special meetings. See Meetings and Pro re nata. Spencer, Rev. Elihu, 240, 242, 244, 247, 250, 259, 262, 269, 277, 280, 285, 291, 295, 298, 300, .306, 307, 308, 310, 313, 314, 315, 323, 333, 334, 335, 337, 339, 340, 341, 343, 344, 347, 348, 349, 351, 3.52, 353, 354, 364, 366, .374, 375, 376, 377. 379, 381, 383, 388, 390, 392, 400, 403, 406, 407, 408, 410, 411, 412, 413, 416, 424, 425, 426, 427, 429, 4.36, 437, 438, 440, 450, 4.52, 454, 455, 4.56, 457, 461, 37 475, 476, 480, 485, 488, 492, 493, 494, 495, 496, .501, 507. Spencer, Rev. Sauniel, 34(). Spotsylvania, Va., supjjlies for, .387. Sproa't, Rev. James, I). D., 390, 400, 402, 405, 406, 410, 412, 415, 416, 420, 424, 425, 426, 429, 436, 437, 438, 440, 441, 449, 461, 470, 471, 476, 480, 482, 48,5, 488, 492, 496, 501, 505, 514, 528, 530, 541. Stamford, Conn., General Convention, 440. Stamp Act, repeal of, 360. Standards, The, adoption by Svnod, 94, 127, 223, 233, 245, 286, 518, 539, 546, 547. alterations and amendments, 546. defined, 547. exceptions to, 95, 97, 98, 127. See, also, Presbyterian Church. Standards, subscription to : considered, 91. ordered, 94, 118, 159, 202, 204, 207, 239, 243, 275, 305, 338, 344. bv Elders, 160. by licentiates, 275, 287, 290, 399. bv ministers, 94, 97, 98, 100, 101, 102, 109, 116, 120, 123, 124, 127, 350. annual report, 109, 114, 131, 136, 144, 150, 171, 195. neglect to report censured, 339. b/ Presbyteries, 331, 351, 409, 413. Standing order (catechising), 532. State of religion. See Religion. Stated clerks of Synod : Incumbents : 1750, Rev. Richard Treat. 1766, Rev. John Ewing. 1773, Rev. James Sproat. 1786, Rev. George Duffield. Duties : custodian of papers and records, 436, 488, 490, 511, 514. to issue credentials, .377, 399, 436, 470. to record letters, 440. to transmit letters, etc., 244. to transcribe minutes, 242, 353, 366, 436. as treasurer, 251, 408. Stated supplv. See PnJpit. Staten Island, N. Y., 138. Statistical reports, 526, 527, 544. See, also, Preshyten/. Steel, Rev. 'John. 171, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 201, 205, 209, 211, 214, 220, 230, 28.5, 291, 294, 295, 297, 298, 306, 308, 309, 314, 315, 316, 318, 334, 341, 343, 345, 349, 351, 366, 367, 369, 371, 383, 390, 391, 400, 405, 411, 424, 427, 437, 450, 4.53, 458, 471, 477, 482, 486. Steel, Mr. William, 314. Steel Creek, N. C, church of, 360, 387, 417, 418, 503. Stephen's Creek, N. C, supplies for, 387. Stephens, Rev. Matthew, 507, 515, 516, 528, .542. Stephenson, Rev. Hugh, 92, 96, 100. 101, 103, 105, 107, 112, 122, 130, 136, 143, 1.50, 1.55, 1.56, 164, 165, 166. 172. Sterling, Rev. Andrew, 236, 238. 240, 242, 244, 247, 251, 259. 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 297, 306, 314, 334, 341, 342. 678 INDEX. Sterret, Mr. James, 390. Stcrrett. Mr. Williaui, 484. istouart of rarciovan. Soi- Pardovan. SU'voiis, Mr. Samuel, UlXi. See, also, SIfphfiis. Stewart, Mr. David, 291. Stewart, lie v. Robert, 82. Stewart, Mr. Walter, 30G, 343. Stewart, Kov. William, ."rJ, 5o, 59, G4, G9, 70, 75, 78, 80, 81, 85, 93, 9ti, 100, 101, 102, 103, 107. 112. Stiles, Kev. Ezra. D. D., 45G, 458. Stilwell, .^Ir. Daniel, 313. Stirling, Dr., Glasgow, Scotland. 52, 54, 63. Stockton, Rev. I'liilip, 4G2, 485, 489, 492, 49G, 501, 501), 515, .528, 541. Stockton, Hon. Richard, 44G. Strain, Rev. John, 210, 270, 298, 30G, 307, 313, 322, 324, 332, ."334, 341, 343, 348, 351, 3(!5, 377, 384, 389, 400, 411, 423, 427, 43fi. 447, 450, 462. Strong, Rev. Iknjamin, 424. 425, 436. Stuart, Rev. William, 438, 447. Students, allowance for, 106. See, also, Cundhlates and Neiv Jersey College. Sturgeon, Rev. Robert, 233, 235, 236, 238, 240. Subscription. See Standards. Succession, Protestant, 95. Suffolk, Presbyterv of, 236, 238, 244, 250, 256, 258, 263, 268, 269, 27:5, 277, 283, 288, 307, 311, 314, 315, 322, 323, 324, 333, 339, 341, 352, 360, 361, 36.5, 373, 400, 411, 414, 415, 424, 437, 441, 450, 454, 461. 471, 532, 544. Sugar Cretk, N. C, 265, 360, 374. Sunbury, I'a., church, 543. Sunday. See Lord's Ikii/. Supplies, pulpit. See I'nlpit. Support of ministers. See Salaries. Suspension : cases of, Archbold, Rev. Andrew, 124, Balcli, Rev. James, .5.36. Bell, Rev. Hamilton, 175, 178. Clement, Rev. John, 70. Cross, Rev. Robert, 63. Diishanc. Anthony, 484. Eakin. Rev. Samuel, 418. Emniitt, Abraham, .■)7, 63. EvaJis, Rev. Samuel, 200. Haiiiia, n4, 425, 436, 444, 450, 452, 455, 456, 462. Tate, Mr. Matthew, 483, 540, 543. Taylor, Rev. Nathaniel, 9. 10, 11, 14. Taylor, Mr. Robert, 432. Tehicken, Pa., congregation of, 241, 246. Tem])le Patrick Presbvterv (Ireland), 545. Templeton, Rev. James, 486, 494, 496, 502, 528, 530, 542, 545. Templiu. Mr. Terah, 485. Temporalities, church, 249,347. Teunent, Rev. Charles, 135, 136, 143, 150, 155, 233, 235, 2.36, 238, 240, 244, 247, 2.50, 259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 291, 292, 295, 297, 298, 306, 313, 314, 322, 334, 341, 343, 351, 364, 377, 381, 390, 394, 401, 411. Tennent, Rev. Gilbert, 83, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101, 103, 107, 110, 112, 122, 123, 130, 131, 135, 140, 143, 144, 145, 148, 1.50, 151, 152, 154, 177, 197, 201, 202, 20.3, 233, 235, 236, 240, 244, 247, 250, 252, 259, 263, 270, 277, 280, 285, 288, 290, 291, 293, 295, 296, 297, 298, 300, 301, 302, 306, 308, 313, 314, 322, 323, .324, 333, 334, 335, 336, 339, 340, 342. controversy with Mr. Cowell, 152. Teunent, Jane (Mrs. Charles), case of, 382, 383, 394, 430. Teunent, Rev. William, 51, 54, 55, 59, 64, 69, 75, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101. 103, 107, 109, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 150, 1.55. boud of, 84, 88, 134, 191. case of, 127, 133. Tennent, Rev. William, Jr., 109, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 150, 155, 233, 235, 236, 238, 239, 240, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258. 263, 269, 277, 280, 291, 295, 297, 298, 299, 300, 302, 306, 307, 308, 309, 310, 311, 313, 314, 315, 316, 322, 323, 326, 333, 334, 335, 341, 343, 345, 350, 351, 353, 355, 360, 364, 366, 369, 376, 377, 379, 380, 381, 388, 391, 398, 400. 402, 403, 404, 406, 407, 410, 412, 416. 424, 425, 426, 436, 438, 450, 454, 465, 473, 477. Tennent, Rev. William, 3d, 314, 320, 322, 325, 329, 333, 335, 340, 343, 345, 352, 406. Tenueut, Rev. William Mackay, 401, 422, 493, 496, 498, 501, 505, 506, 514, 515, 528, 541. Testimony, insuflScient, 26. competent to be admitted, 326. ex parte of no weight, 211. protest against admission of, 327. answer to protest, 328. See, also. Citations. Thacher. See Thatcher. Thane, Rev. Daniel, 242, 244, 247, 250, 258, 263, 269, 277, 280, 285, 289, 291, 297, 306, 311, 314, 334. Thanksgiving Day, 324. See, also, Fasting. Thatcher, Rev. Daniel, 486, 494, 496, 502, 507, 542. Theology. See Divinity. Thom, Rev. David, 184, 190, 192, 197. Thom, Rev. William, 425, 437, 439, 450. Thomas, Mr. Joshua, 306, .308. Thompson, Rev. Amos, 307, 334, 339. 341, 351, 364, 377, 378, 381, 398, 400, 411, 424, 437, 450, 461, 471, 477, 489, 492, 496, 501, 506, 515. Thompson, Rev. James, 517, 528, 530, .543. Tiiompson, Mr. John (Elder), 456. Thoms, Mrs., 328. Thomson, Mr. Charles (Elder), 379, 380. Thomson, Mr. James (Elder), 477. Thomson, Rev. John, New Castle, 40, 44, 48, 49, 50, 55, 59, 64, 69. 75, 78, 80, 82. 85, 88, 92, 96, 99, 101, 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 149, 155, 156, 161, 164, 171, 177, 184, 190, 192, 194, 196, 199, 201, 205, 209. Thomson, Rev. John, Jr., 143, 144. Thomson, Rev. Samuel, 149, 1.50, 155, 161. 165, 172, 177, 184, 190, 192, 197, 199, 211, 214, 220,224,230,28.5,291,298, 307, 314, 333, 334, 340, .341, 351, 366, 372, 383, 390, 400, 411. 424, 437, 450, 461, 471, 477, 489, 492, 496. 501, 506, 515, .530. Three Creeks, N. C, 387. Tiger River, forks of. N. C, 387. Timber Grove, Va., 206. Timber Ridge, Va., cougregation of, 237, 388, 454. 580 INDEX. Time of nicetiup not to be postponed, 12. imKlerator c-annot change, 47'2. Tinicmn. I'a.. con;;renation of, 154, 246. Tobacco siibsi-ription, 11. Tobiu. Mr. Tliouias, 2i»7. 3(;9. Todd, licv. .John. 241, 2i:5. 244. 247, 250, 2.")9, 2ti3, 270, 277, 2>U, 2ft.">, 2»9, 2i)l, 29.5, 298, 3fKJ, .30>-<, :ji4. 322, 323, 329, 341, 390, 395, 400, 449, 4.">4, 485, 515, .■)29, 542. Toleration, Act of, 147, 258. Tom. .See Thorn. Tongue. Dr., of London, England. 19. Translation. .See Pastoral trauKlation. Tran.^ylvania Presbytery, .523, .529, 542. Tre Dvirrvn. Pa., congregation of, 74, 77, 191. "193. 195. Treasurers. Presbyterial, 392. Treasurers of .Synod : Incuni))cnts: .Tedediah Andrews, 49. Kichard Treat, 251, 392. John Witherspoon, 440. Isaac Suowden, 539. funds, orders, etc., 52, 58, 106, 134, 155, 171. 251, 262, 282, 392, 403, 412, 428, 440, 495, .501. 50.5, 538. 544. .547. accounts of, 50, .52, 59, 402, 408, 412, 42.8, 453. 479, 483, 491, 531, 539, 544. bond of, 439. book for, .52. security for legacy, 463, 487. See, also, Fund for Pious Uses. Treat, Rev. Joseph, 307, 312, 314, 333, 334, 33.5, 341, 351, a56, 3.57, 359, 360, 361, 364, 3G7, 3()9, 375, 377, 378, 381, 386, .^88, 390, 397, 40<>, 401, 404, 406, 410, 411, 416, 424, 425, 426, 429, 431, 436, 438, 440, 447, 461, 476, 460, 482, 4b9, 492, 496. 501, 507. 517. 529. Treat, Rev. Richard, 101. 103, 107, 112, 122, 130, 135, 143, 150, 155, 233, 2^5, 236, 239, 242, 244, 247, 2.50, 258, 263, 270, 277. 280, 282, 285, 288, 289, 2917, 541. Williams, Mr. Simon, 34J. Williamsburg, Va., 3tjl, 371, 375. Williamsuii, Ut-orge, C4ise of, 70, 77, 71). Williamson, Mr. Hugh, 30.5, 311. Williamson, Dr. Hugh (Elder), 364, 366, 367. 369, 370, 374, 376, 377, 379, 3o0, 3a6, 3JXI, 40:5. Wilmington. Del., First Church, 160, 1«9, 191, 4.57. Second Church, 458, 47«. Wilmington. N. C. 361, 375. Wilmot, liev. Walter, 136, 143, 149, 161, 164, 177. Wilson, Andrew. 516. WiLson. Mr. Hugh. .341. Wilson, Kev. James, Scotland, 516. Wilson, liev, James (New Castle Presb.), 401, 424, 436, 449, 471, 477, 480, 48:i, 483, 516, .528, 529, 54.3. Wilson, Mr. James, Jr., 507, 543. AVilson, Mr. John, 411, 4^-1. Wilson, Rev. John, 9, 10, 14, 17, 18, 21, 25 (died 1712). widow of, .5!S, 68, 77, 80. 81. Wilson. Kev. John, New Castle, Del., 92, 93, 96, 215, 220, 224, 230. case of. 9s, 99. Wilson. Kev. Matthew. D. D., 285, 288, 291, 297, 29,s, :i00, 306, 30p!, 309, 312, 313. 314, 315, 318, 320, 322, 323, 3.34, 335, 341, .346, 351, 3.53, 3.54, 357, 364, 374, 377, 389, 397, 40f), 411, 423, 424, 425, 427, 429, 431, 433, 437, 4.38, 439, 445. 4.50, 4.55, 460, 4H5, 489, 497, 501, 505. 506, 514, 528, 542. Wilson, Rev. Petijr, 490, 506, 507, 515, 528, 541. Wilson, Kev. Samuel. .567, .543. Wilson, Kev. William, 485, 495, 515, 529, .542. Wilton. S. C, church of, 543. Windham, N. il., peoitle of. 302. Witherspoon, Kev. John, D. D., 391, .396, .397, 398, 399, 401, 402, 404, 406, 407, 408, 411, 414, 41.5, 416, 419, 421, 424, 426, 428, 433, 436. 43H, 440, 447, 4.50, 4.53, 451, 4.55, 456, 464, 472, 473, 476, 470, 4!^, 4H2, 485, 487, 488, 492, 494, 495, 4!Mi, .501, .505, 515, 517, 528, 531, .5.3.3, .539, .541, 545, .548. See, also, Wotherspoon. Witnesses. .Sec (ittilions and Tiniimony. Woo^, 6m. Woodhull, K«v. John. 3!m, 411, 416,424, 426, 4.37, 446. 449, 4(il, 4fW, 470, 471, 477, 4«0, 482, 483, 485, 486, 489, 492, , 493, 494, 496, 501, 505, 50<1, 514, 528, .541, 548. Woodhull, Kev. Natlian. 517, .511, .546. Woodhull, Kev. William, 37s, 4(il, 403,406, 424, 436, 442, 4.50, 4(i4. 476, 4h0, 482, 494, 497, 501, 503, .5«J.5. 515, 528, 541. Woo. •-'.50, 2.59, 263, 270, 277, 2H», 2s5, 291, 29>, .307. Wotherspoon, Kev. Robert, 33, 34, 35, 38, 42, 48,50,51. Wright, Rev. John, 251, 270. 277, 280,285, 289. 291, 298. 307. 314, 322. Wynkoop, Mr. Philip, 377. YADKIN. N. C. FORKS OF. 374. Yadkin Kiver. N. ( .. settlements, 418. Yale College. 67, G.m, 70,71.73, 1N5, 186, 192. Yarmouth, England, congregation, 2(i6. Youghiogeny, Pa., people of, 432. Young, Mr. John, .5.34. Young, Rev. Samuel, 52, 54, 55, 56, 59, 64. Youngs, Rev. David, 233, 23.5, 236, 242, 244, 248. Youth, education of pious, scheme for, 419, 420. fund for, 426, 438, 451. See, also, Candidnten, FAxtcaiiou. Fund, German Schooln, New Jersey i'ulleijr, and School ZANCHY. REV. RICHARD. 139, 14.3, Ml, 149, 1.5.5, 161, 164, 172. 177. 1^4, 1!'0. 192, 194, 19(>, 199, 201, 205, '^09, 211, 214, 2-.'0, 224, 2:«», 2H5, 291, 29h, 306, .307, .30S, :n4, 390, 400, 450, 471, 485, 515. .529, .542. .5iH. Zclyno, Mr. John, licensed, 4((. Zury, Joseph, case of, 4.5(i. MINUTES GENERAL CONVENTION OF DELEGATES APPOINTED BY THE Synod of New York and Philadelphia General Association of Connecticut 1766 TO 1775. WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY THE Rev. WM. H. ROBERTS, D.D., LLD. PHILADELPHIA, PA. PRESBYTERIAN BOARD OF PUBLICATION AND SABBATH-SCHOOL WORK 1904 TABLE OF CONTENTS. Introduction 5 Preliminary Proceedings 10 Proceedings of the Appointing Judicatories. Minutes of the General Convention : Elizabethtown, N. J. (1766) New Haven, Conn. (1767) Elizabethtown, N. J. (1768) New Haven, Conn. (1769) Elizabethtown, N. J. (1770) Norwalk, Conn. (1771) Elizabethtown, N. J. (1772) Stamford, Conn. (1773) Elizabethtown, N. J. (1774) Greenfield, Conn. (1775) Keligious Exhibit of the Population of Connecticut in 1774 12 17 21 24 27 27 31 34 37 39 40 42 INDEX 45 INTRODUCTION The Minutes printed in this publication are those of a Convention appointed by the (jeneral Synod of the Presbyterian Church in the Ameri- can Colonies, and the General Association of Connecticut, and meeting from 1766 to 1775. The moving causes of the appointment of the General Convention were the preservation of the religious liberties of the Colonies, the spread of the Gospel on the x\merican Continent, and the promotion of Christian fellow- ship between the respective Churches. The first step toward cooperation was taken by the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, the supreme judi- catory of the Presbyterian Church in the Colonies. The Overture of the Synod is printed in this volume as a part of the Preliminary Proceedings. This Overture was submitted to the General Association of Ministers in the Colony of Connecticut, at Guilford, on Tuesday, June 3, 1766. The action taken is recorded in the Preliminary Proceedings. The places of meeting of the Convention were Elizabethtown, N. J., in the years 1766, 1768, 1770, 1772, and 1774; New Haven, Conn., in 1767 and 1769 ; Norwalk, Conn., in 1771 ; Stamford, Conn., in 1773 ; and Green- field, Conn., in 1775. The outbreak of hostilities between the American Colonies and the English Government led to the termination of the Conven- tion, the Revolutionary War having made the maintenance of religious liberty the common work of the Colonies. The Minutes of the Convention show that the first and second meetings were mainly given to the work of framing and completing a Plan of Union, and that the subsequent Conventions earnestly engaged in the devising and executing of measures for the preservation of the religious liberties of Con- gregationalists, Presbyterians, Baptists and other Christians, threatened at the time by the schemes of some Episcopalians in the Colonies, aided by their friends in Great Britain. These latter endeavored in every way possible to secure the appointment of diocesan Bishops in America. To this Episcopal movement the vast majority of American Christians were opposed. As has been well said, " To Bishops merely to superintend the concerns of Episcopal churches they did not object, if they might be duly restrained from going farther ; but were apprehensive, should Bishops be appointed, that they would come clothed with all the powers of diocesans in the mother country, or that they would acquire these powers and exercise them in violation of the Charters of the Colonies, and greatly to the injury of other denominations of Christians." To nullify the efforts of the extreme party in the P]piscopal Denomination, the Convention, there- fore, entered into correspondence with committees in England, and some of the letters, with the replies, will be found in this volume. The Convention also made arrangements for gathering the laws and customs of the Colonies respecting religious liberty ; for collecting the statistics of non-Episcopalians, with a view to showing that the prelatical element was greatly in the minority in America ; and also for a report of the number and condition of colleges and other institutions of learning. The reports made by the subcommittees of the Convention do not appear in the Minutes, and for the most part have been lost. The extracts, how- a INTRODUCTION ever, made by the Rev. Elizur Goodrich, D.D., of Durham, of tlie laws of Connecticut, and the statistics whidi he jrathered were fortunately preserved. They were printed in 1S43 by a Committee of the General Association of Connecticut. The statistics show that out of a population in the Colony in 1774 of lt>(>,4S7, only !»!tGt! were Episcopalians. Estimates fjriven for the other New England and the Middle Colonies make about the same showing.* It was only in certain of the Southern Colonies that Episcopalians were in a majority. The Minutes in their original form in the possession of the Stated Clerk of the General Assembly, are in certain places illegible, but in the main are in a fiiir state of preservation. They were received from the Stated Clerk of the Presbytery of rhiladelphia, the Rev. Willard M. Rice, D.D., in whose custody they had been for many years. An edition was published in 1843 by the General Association of Connecticut, under the superintend- ence of a Committee, of which David J). Field was Chairman, but is now out of print. The only copy in the Library of the Hartford Theological Seminary was loaned to the editor, for which helpful courtesy due acknowl- edgment is hereby made. The minutes in this edition are printed verbatim, and are somewhat fuller than in the previous publication. The Proceedings of the Convention are worthy of close attention from all persons interested in the history of the American Colonies, and have a marked bearing upon the trend of both political and religious movements prior to the Declaration of Independence. In a letter written to England in 1773, dealing with religious liberty, and signed by John Witherspoon, reference is made to '• the great struggle we may be called to make in this glorious cause in which the happiness of thousands yet unborn is so deeply interested." f The apprehensions that an f^piscopal hierarchy might be established in the Colonies was one cause of the American Revolution. To this fact the elder President Adams bore testimony. " ' Where is the man to be found,' says he. ' at this day [1815].. when we see Methodistical Bishops, Bi.«liops of the Church of England, and Bishops, Archbishops, and Jesuits of the Church of Rome with indifference, who will believe that the apprehension of Episcopacy contributed fifty years ago, as much as any other cause, to arouse the attention not only of the inquiring mind, but of the common people, and urge them to close thinking on the constitutional authority of Parliament over the Colonies?' This, nevertheless, was a fact as certain as any in the hi.story of North America. The objection was not merely to the office of a Bishop, though even that was dreaded, as tothe authority of Parliament, on which it must be founded. The reasoning was this: The Archbi.shops and Bi.^liops in England can neither locate and limit dioceses in America nor ordain Iiisho])s in any part of the dominions of (Jreat liritain, out of the realm, by any law of the kingdom, or of any of the colonies, nor by any canon law acknowledged by 'either. The king cannot grant his rrnif^r fVcllre to any people out of his realm. There is no power or pretended power, less than I'arlianjcnt, that can create Bishops in America. But if I'arliament can erect dioceses and ajipoint Bishops, they may introduce the whole hi(!rarchy, establish tithes, lorbid marriages and funerals, establish religion, forbid dissenters, make scliism heresy, impose penalties extending to life and limb, as well as to lilterty and property." [See Morse, Annals of (he American lievohilion, pp. 197-203.] The second I'rcsident of the United States of America realized clearly what many secular historians have failed to apprehend in an adequate manner — the power of religion in connection with great national movements. » Sec pp. 3«, 42. t Sco p. 38. INTRODUCTION 7 There can be no question that in those American Colonies which were founded by evangelical Christians, one of the principal forces which brought about the Revolution of 1770 was ineradicable opposition to even the possi- bility of ecclesiastical tyranny in the New World. The determination was widespread among the Calvinists of every name that they would not submit to even a suggestion of the persecutions and restrictions from which their ancestors had suflfered. With this position of the membership of the Protestant Churches the political leaders of the Colonies fully sympathized. Even among the Episcopal laity the opposition was strong to any proposal for an episcopate in the Colonies which should result in an establishment of religion.* Religious liberty was not a feature of the government of a majority of the Colonies at their first settlement. In some of them, as already indicated, the religious establishment was that of the Episcopal Church. In others the Episcopalians were dominant to the degree that they were able to repress the religious opinions and practices of so-called dissenters. The imprison- ment of the Rev. Francis Makemie and the Rev. John Hampton, in 1704, by Lord Cornbury, Governor of New York and New Jersey, is historic, and the former was submitted to a trial, though acquitted by a jury. Further, in several of the New England Colonies, the Congregational Establishments for a time limited the rights of conscience. Connecticut, in 1742, for instance, passed an offensive law, aimed at the ministers engaged in the great revival under George Whitefield, and Dr. Trumbull, in his second volume of The History of Connecticut^ censures the act in very strong lan- guage. The Rev. Elizur Goodrich of that Colony, a member of the Con- vention whose Minutes are herein printed, well says in a paper on the Colonial laws : " It is certain that for a considerable time there was too much of a coercive uniformity in the laws of the Colony, but this by degrees disappears and an equally universal Protestant liberty is established in its room. Those laws which were inconsistent with freedom of thought and liberty of conscience are either wholly repealed and set aside, or so modeled that none can be oppressed by them. Whatever oppressive measures have been heretofore adopted, we recollect with regret and disapprobation. We rejoice that these have ceased, and that there is such freedom of religious inquiry and worship that no man need be in bondage." In the effort to secure full religious liberty for the American Colonies the Presbyterian Church bore a leading part. In 1729 its General Synod denied to the civil magistrate what the Westminster Assembly permitted, a controlling power over Synods with respect to the exercise of their minis- terial authority. The Synod also denied to the civil magistrate " the power to persecute any for their religion." These acts appear to be the first declaration by an organized Church on American soil, of the freedom of the Church from control by the State, and of absolute liberty of conscience. The Presbyterian Church was favored in its struggles for religious liberty by the Constitution of the Colony within which it was first fully organized, and where, in the providence of God, it had for years, and still has, a great number of adherents. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania was established to secure for all who might settle within its borders both civil and religious liberty. Persecution for religion's sake was contrary to the principles of the founder, and absolute freedom of conscience was the law of the land. Twenty-five years before 1776, the Liberty Bell was placed in the city hall at Phila- delphia with the inscription upon it, " Proclaim liberty throughout all the land unto all the inhabitants thereof." It was in a State free from its first * See pp. 26, 32. 8 INTRODUCTION settlement that the death knell, of religious intolerance was sounded, that the Presbyterian Church was organized and attained to its full develop- ment, and that the Declaration of Indopendeneo was adopted. And it is greatly to the credit of the loundcrs of the Commonwealth (if Pennsylvania, and of those Christians of whatever Church who syni]»athized with their views, that these convictions became, through their eflbrts. at last dominant in a majority of the Colonies, and alter the achieval of independence became the guiding jirinciples of the relations of Church and State and of Christian Churches one to another in the American Republic. Among the names of the meml>crs of the Convention appear those of several persons who became prominent in the struggle of the Colonies for independence, notably, Francis Allison, D.D.,of I'hiladelphia; John Kodgers, D.D., of New York; and John Withcrspoon, D.D., I'resident of Princeton College and signer of the Declaration of Independence. It is appropriate here to state the fact that Dr. AVitherspoon was the author of the pastoral letter sent out in 1775 by the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, to all its ministers and congregations, in which the following paragraph appears: — '• Be careful to maintain the union which at present subsists through all the Colonies ; nothing can be more manifest than that the success of every measure depends on its being inviolably preserved, and therefore we hope that you will leave nothing undone which can promote that end. In par- ticular, as the Continental Congress, now sitting at Philadelphia, consists of delegates chosen in the most free and unbiased manner by the l)ody of the people, let them not only be treated with respect and encouraged in their difficult service — not only let your prayers be offered up to God for his direc- tion in their proceedings — but adhere firmly to their resolutions ; and let it be scon that they are able to bring out the whole strength of this va.st country to carry them into execution. We would also advise, for the same purpose, that a spirit of candor, charity, and mutual esteem be preserved and promoted toward those of different religious denominations. Persons of probity and principle of every profession should be united together as servants of the same Master, and the experience of our happy concord hitherto in a state of liberty should engage all to unite in support of the common interest ; for there is no example in history in which civil liberty was destroyed and the rights of conscience preserved entire." (Records of Synod, 1775, p. 4(;8.) In connection with the Minutes of the Convention attention is drawn to certain facts connected with the history of the General Association of Connecticut. These f\icts will explain why the General Synod and that Association readily entered into cooperation one with another, both prior to and after the American Revolution. The General Asso- ciation met first in 1709, and was organized as a result of the Church principles adopted by the Synod at Saybrook, Connecticut, held in 17()S. Ciider the plan adopted by that Synod, commonly known as the "Saybrook Platform." the pari.sh churches of Connecticut were organized into Consociations for mutual counsel and help, and the ministers of the churches were organized into Associations i'or consulta- tion, ministerial licensure, ordination, and recommendation. In addition, the ministerial Associations elected fleh'gates to an annual General Associa- tion of the whole Colony. The Church government of the Connecticut Churches, therefore, was an approach to the I*resbyterian (iovernment. Further, both the Prlair, and Samuel Buel, to meet with them at such time and place as the reverend brethren of Connecticut shall agree. jMr. Kodgers is appointed to give the Committee notice of what the associated brethren will do relative to this matter." (Records of Synod, pp. 363, 3G4.) LETTER OF THE GENERAL SYNOD. "Rev. and Dear Brethren: — The Synod of New York and Philadclpliia at tlieir annual meeting,' in May, 17(U), have, ainonf; many otlier expedients to promote the in- terests of the Redeemer's kingdom, eonehided, upon tliemost mature delilienitioii, tliat a general meeting of delegates both from your Cliiirehes and our Presbytei-ies would answer this important i)ur])ose. Our earnest desire to aeeomplish so goml an end has engaged us to embrace this op|)ortiinity of your next General Association, to ])ropose the matter to your serious deliberation, and to invite you to a general con.sultation al>out such things as may have a hoj)eful tendency toi)romote and defend the common cause of religion agjiinst the attacks of its various enemies; as we arc all brethren, embarked in the sjime interest, jyerfectly agreed in tloctrine and woi-ship, siihstantially |)Ursning the same method of discipline and clmrch government, and we trust all ani- mated with thesune laudable zciil to advance the kingdom of our common Lord, we can- not hut hope for yoiu' ready concurrence with our invitation. Your good sense and general ac(piaint;ince with human nature must necessarily lead you to see Ihnt a more intimate accpiaintance with each others' views and designs will enable us with greater harmony and consistence, and of consetiuence with greater success to support the com- mon cause, in which we are all etpially engaged. A general agreement in any nieasuris< that may In? arr:<;atioiinl pa.'ttors in Massa- chusetts Hay:— The KcvM I >flcir:ifcs Ironi llie Associated I'aslors in Connecticut and tlie Hev'd Committee of the Synod of New York and I'liihidclithia, convened at Kliz.dielhtown, Noveinlier 5, 17tj(5. Kev. lirethren :—'l'he Synod «f New York jind rhilad«l|iliia. at their la.st se&sion in May, taking into serious consideration the many vahiahle |)iiiposes, both for promotinj? the kinjrdom of Christ and preservinj; our ri'lifjions liherty, that mitrlil lie answered by a ^;enernl ninon of the ( 'ongrej;ationaI, Consocialed, and I'rcshyterian Ministers in these Cohinies of North Aniericn, proposed their ihontrlits to tlif \Uy. Associated I'nulors of Connecticut, wlio appointerrievous convulsion in the Colonies be expected from such a revolution? Will it all ^o down with us to have the whole course of business turned into a new chainu-l ? \V(iuld it be yielded that the Ke{j;ister's office, the care of orphans, iS:c., should hv transferred from the present otticers to such as a I)isho]> might ajvpoint? Would not the Colonies suHcr the la.-it extremities before they would submit to have the legality of marriages and mattei-s respecting divorce tried in an Ecclesiastical Court ? It is not ea.sy to conceive what endless prosecutions under the notion of scandal may be nniltiplied. A covetous, a tyrannical, and domineering Prelate or his Chancellor would always have it in their power to harass our country, and make onr lives bitter by fmes, imprisonments, and lawless severity. Will the numerous Colonies, who came hither for the sake of freedom from ecclesiastical opj)res- sion, and by whose toil a great increase of dominion and connnerce hath arii-en to the mother country, bear to (ind tliem.selves divested of the ecpialityand liberty they have so long enjoyed, and brought under the power of a particular denomination '.' And see them monopolize all imjuirtant places of trust in order tosecure tliatp()wcr? That the Episcopal Churches should enjoy ail the privileges of their own discipline and govern- ment is a matter we have nothing to object against, but let Bishops be bylaw contined to the care of the people and clergy of their own Church, and stript of all their for- midable power over other denominations, and let us be secured against the burden of their support; but without this we shall look upon ourselves reduced to the most abject state, enslaved to the power (jf those whose interest or and)ition may lead them to oppress us, without the advantage of being near the throne to beg relief, while they would be supjwrted by all the power and iniiuenceof the Bi.shops at home. We have no more to object to a I'.isliop over the Episcopal Churches in America than among the Canadians and Moravians, provided they have no more to do with us. We only desire the interests of our friends, that if Bishops must be sent, which we fear will be attended with bad consequences, they may be imder such restraints as are consistent with our present state of peace and liberty, and beg their influence to prevent these evils, which will inevitably disturb the peace of our Colonies without doing any real service to religion or the Episcopal Clnirche.s. Do us the justice to a.'^sert that we love our most gracious King and the British Constitution, that we are upon principle loyal as well as profitable subjects, and that our importance to (ireat liritain will become every day more evident, and take proper opportunities to lay these dangers before our friends with you, which will oblige thousands in America, and in particular, Ac." LETTER OF FRANCLS ALLLSON. Among the files in the hands of the Register of New Haven East Association is the following letter, relating to the same subject as the foregoing document, and which was published in 1.S43 : — "To Mr. Sproat, "Rev. Sir: — Yon desired me to let you know why we are persuaded in this city that there is a determination or a fixed resolution to send Bi-^hops to America. " P.y a letter from I)r. Ch. [Chandler] whicli I have by me 1 was informed tliat the Bishop of Canterbury, in a conference with him, said with some vehemence that it w:ls hanl to deny that privilege to the Church of luigland in America that she allowed to all niasenters — viz., liberty of ccmscience. And they were determined, as he said, in a proper time to seneople before the petition ; and Doctor S. told rne that the leading C^mikers in this 1767] GENEKAL CONVENTION 21 Province oflered to sign ii certificate that they are willing to admit a moderate Episcopacy. ''I saw "two petitions from the Clergy of the Episcopal Churcii in New York and Jersey governments, petitioning for a Bishop or Bishops, complaining that more than a million (in the other near a million) of petitioners or parishioners of Episcopalians (of persons of the of Epis.) are without Bishops, while all other religious de- nominations had their forms of government full and complete. These were written tlie '2d October, 17C5, and sent home, and with them five others— viz., two to the Archbishops of York and Canterbury ; two to the two Universities ; one to the Bishop of London, one to the Society for Propagating the Gospel, and one to the King — seven in all. And in them or these they retlect on other denominations as disafiected to monarchical government, and allege that the King's power (or privilege) and theirs is inseparably connected. In that city it is the subject of conversation in the cofliee- house and in the most public companies as an afiair that must take place ; and as an afiair that it would be disloyal and intolerant to oppose. One of their petitions above mentioned was found among Dr. Chandler's papers, as Mr. Stockton informed Mr. William Smith of New York, by a letter which I heard him read. " In the Annual Register for the year 1765 Mr. Allen of that city showed me the plea proposed by Dr. Boulter (who was a Bishop) for sending Bishops to America. And Dr. S. told me that they would have Bishops settled in America in spite of all the Presbyterian opposition, and added that the Quakers and Baptists would join \yith them against us. They say that their Bishops are only to have the power of ordaining, confirming, and taking" care of the morals of their Episcopal Clergy. To such few would make objections. That is the Archbishop's proposal and Bishop Boulter (or Butler's) scheme. As a Bishop is a state affair, known in the common law of England, by that law he has a right to establish courts, to take cognizance of all affairs matri- monial, testamentary, and relating to scandals ; and no denomination is free from his jurisdiction. That power they have a right by common law to exercise ; as we are informed by gentlemen as well skilled in the law as any on the Continent ; and under one of these three heads we must feel the severity of a spiritual court. The friends of Episcopacy say that their power in England cannot take place in America, for it is local and confined. We know that in New England governments, tabellions or notaries public are appointed by the Archbishop of Canterbury, which shows that he claims this power by the common law. In New York we are told that all the marriage licenses granted by the Governor are stamped with the mitre, which shows that the Bishops claim the power there in aflJairs matrimonial ; and I am told that the Governor of "New Jersey holds a commission from the Archbishop to act for him in some things relating to affairs testamentary or matrimonial, or both. Hence it is evident from the conduct of the Archbishop that they claim this power, and that they will erect such courts to ruin and oppress us unless they be restrained by an act of Parliament ; and that every friend of liberty should plead for, if Bishops must be sent among us. Thus have I briefly laid before you what I know in that affair, and wishing you safe to your family and connections, I am, dear sir, your affectionate friend and humble servant, "Fka. Allison." Philadelphia, Nov. 15, 1766. 1767. Neio Haven, Sept. 10, 1767. The General Convention met. Ubi post preces sedet. Of the Rev'd Synod of New York and Philadelphia : the Eev. Dr. Francis Allison, Messrs. William Ramsey, William Kirkpatrick, Benjamin Halt, Alexander McWhorter, Azel Roe, John Ewing, Patrick Allison, Thomas Lewis, Nehemiah Bacher, Chauncey Graham, Eliphalet Ball, Solomon Mead, John Rodgers, and Jedediah Chapman. Of the Rev'd the Presbytery of Boston : Messrs. Jonathan Parsons and David Mc Gregory. Of the Rev'd the Associated Pastors of Connecticut : Messrs. Nathaniel Eells, Joseph Fish, Philemon Robbins, Ebenezer Devotion, Benj'n Throope, Benjn Pomroy, James Cogswell, Timothy Pitkin, Edward Dorr, James Lockwood, William Russel, James Sproat, Noah Welles, Daniel Farrand, Nathaniel Bartlett, John Devotion, Robert Ross, Hezekiah Gold, and Enoch Huntington. ■12 MINUTES OF THE [1767. The Convention was opened with a sernio!! by Dr. Franeis Allison tVom 1 ('or. xii. 27. ]>r. Allison wa.s chosen chairman and Mr. Welles. Scribe. After prayer the Convention adjourned to 3 o'clock, 1*. M. 3 o'clock, P.M., met according to uJjournmcnt, and opened icith ])rayer. Voted, That the thank.s of the Convention be returned to the Rev. Dr. Francis Allison for his sermon delivered at the opening of it. and tliat he be desired to give a copy of it that it may be printed. The Minutes of the Convention at Elizabethtown, in Nov. last were read in Convention; as also the Resolves* of the Convention in Boston, the Associated Pastors of Rhode Island and Providence, and of one Associa- tion in New Hampshire, in answer to the letters of invitation sent them from the Convention in November last. After some conversation and debate upon the above Resolves ; Voted. That Messrs. Ebenezer Devotion, Parsons, McGregory. Ewing, Mc^Vhorter, Sproat, and Dorr be appointed a Committee to bring in a plan for continuing the Convention. Adjourned to 9 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. \_Sept. 11, 1707.] 11th day. Met according to adjournment, a)id opened uith prayer. Moved that the Resolves of the Convention in Boston, in answer to the letter of invitation, be considered ; the same were accordingly read, and a free conference had upon the contents of them. A Plan for continuing this Convention, prepared by the Committee appointed for that purpose, was brought in and read in the Convention, and after some debate and consultations upon the contents of it, the Convention adjourned to 3 o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 3 o'clock P. M. : met according to adjonrnment, and opened with prayer. After some particular conference upon the plan of union drawn up in Nov. last, it was agreed by this Board that the following addition be made to the 2d Article, viz. : immediately after the words " or any other Church * Tlie Resolves here referred to are supposed to l)e the votes in the followiiij; Extract from the liecords of the Convention of ConRrefjatioual Ministers in Ma.ssiit husetts. Boston, May 27, 17(i7. "A letter from the Rev. Delegates from the A.ssoiiatcd I'astors in Connecticut, and the Rev. Committee of the Synod of New York and IMiiladelphia, convened at Klizalxthtown, Nov. .')th, 17()(i, to the Rev. Convention of the CoiiKiiga- tional Pastors in Massachu.setts Ray, invitiiifi them to send their Delegates to the pro- pos<'d (tenenil Convention at New Haven, on September lotli, 17(i7, was eomnninieated to the Convention, tofr<'ther with a Plan of Union, drawn u]) hy the Delejrates afore- said ; to take place among the Pastors of the Congregational and Presbyterian Churches in North .\meri(;a." May •2». " Voted, &c. Whereas we have received a letter from the Rev. Delepates [aforesaid], &('.., &c. That although we are not prepared to send Delegates to the pro- po«ed Convention, yet W(^ takt- this occasion to declare our sincere alleciion to our Brethren and fellowsliip with them in the Gospel, and our readiness at all times to unite our eounscls and endc.-ivors with them for the sprciiding of the CJospel, defi-nd- ing tlie litxrtiis of tlicsi- ( 'hiirchcs, for < iiltivat ing love and liariiiony among ourselves, and witli our friends abroad, and for jironioting the kingdom of our comnnni Re- deemer." "Voted, That the aforesaid Pastors of the town of Boston with," Ac, "be a Com- mittee to make a respeetful answer to the afores.iid letter, and also to maintain a friendly correspondence with our Brethren aforesaid ; said Committee to make a report at our next meeting. " Voted. "That [the aforesaid Committee] be desired in the name of the Convention, to write to the Committee of Deputation of Dissenters in Kngland, to thank them for the concern tliJ-y have expressed for our n-ligious liberties; and to desire that they would give us their assistaiirc, and use their inflmnci^ for tin- preservation of the same, and ill (lartirular, that a Bishop may not be sent among us." 1767.J GENERAL CONVENTION 23 or Pastor," — these words, " nor shall any counsel or advice be asked or given, in this General Convention, relative to any internal debates subsist- ing, or that may subsist, in any of those bodies." Voted, That letters be wrote in the name of this Convention, to the several Rev'd Bodies in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island, in answer to those received from them : And that Dr. Allison and Mr. Ewing be appointed to prepare and send a letter to the Convention in Boston ; Messrs. Elles and Fish, to our Brethren in Rhode Island ; and Messrs. McGregory and Parsons, to our Brethren in New Hampshire. Voted, That the following gentlemen be appointed as Committees to carry on an epistolary correspondence with our friends in Great Britain, particularly Dennis Dubert, Es(i., and Mr. Samuel Smith, merchant in London ; with our Brethren in the Massachusets, ttc, and with each other, viz. : in Pennsylvania — the Rev. Dr. Francis Allison, Messrs. Richard Treat, and John Ewing ; in New York and New Jersey — Messrs. Joha Rodgers, Joseph Treat, Alexander McWhorter, and Benjamin Hait ; in Connecticut — Messrs. Noah Hobart, James Lockwood, Naphtali Daggett, Edward Dorr, and Noah Welles. Ordered that the next meeting of the General Convention be at Eliza- bethtown, on the first Tuesday of October, which will be in the year 1768, unless the Chairman, with the advice of the Committee of correspondence, shall see it necessary to order a meeting sooner. The Convention concluded with prayer by the Chairman. The above are the doings of the Convention. Test, Noah Welles, Scribe. LETTER FROM THE CONVENTION IX BOSTON. Boston, June 21, 1767. R. D. B. : — Your Plan of Union among the Presbyterian and Congregational Churches in North America, was laid before the Convention at their general meeting at Boston, May 28. The Convention with Pleasure embrace the oppoi'tunity of declaring their sincere affection to our Brethren engaged in this extensive Design and assure them of our readiness to unite our counsels and endeavor with them in every method which may have a tendency to promote the Honour of Religion, extend the Kingdom of our Divine Master, establish Harmony among the Churches of Christ and defend them in the full enjoyment of their religious liberties. With this view we shall at all times employ our Interest with our friends at home and abroad and upon every occasion manifest our fellowship with you in the Faith and hope of the Gospel. But upon mature deliberation we cannot but fear the inconveniences which may probably arise from the propased Plan of Union, will counter ballance the advantages which are expected from it. You are all sensible that the Congress at New York last year tho' assembled npon an important occasion, was viewed in a very disadvantageous light on the other side of the Atlantic, and represented as a design to force the Colonys into an independent State. It seems as if the British Parliment considered that transaction as a greater insult upon their authority than any other measures which were taken to oppose the Stamp Act. It is not improbable that the Ecclesiastical authority in our Mother Country will look upon so extensive a Confederacy a.s now proposed in something of a similar light. You well remember the EpLscopal Clergy in their late Petition for a Bishop made a piteous lamentation over their own distressed situation, that while all the dissenters from the Church of England in North America enjoy their religious establishments, they are deprived of an essential part of their Constitution ; we fear that the intended General Convention will furnish tliem witli a more plausible argument to inforce their petition than they would otherwise have had. Our wise and judicious friends in London assure us that there is no danger at present, tliat an American Bishop will be appointed. If any project of this nature should be revived and meet with encourage- ment we shall doubtless have seasonable notice from a Committee of the Deputation in London, with whom we keep a correspondence ; and we shall unite with our breth- 2-1 MINUTES OF TlIK [17G8. ren in tlie most vigorous methods to render the attempt abortive. Till danger appears it is Itesl not to give an alarm ; it is wise not to awaken jealousy lest we feel itsmiliajipy eunseiiuenees. This was a eautioii <;iven us liy |)in.-'r Avery some years agi) — a gentle- man ot" the lirst distinction among the dissenters, and for many years Chairman of the Committee of Deputation. These are his words : " Hitiierto the afiiiir of tiie American Bishoi) lies dormant and seems not likely to be revived imless we awaken it hv an indiscreet aiul intemperat 'ly zealous opposition ; this it is to l)e hoped our friends in New England will cautiously avoiil. We will watch it here as carefully as we can, and will continue to take the most prudent methods we can to ward otl'the blow that has been so long threatened. About the year ]72j in the gentle reign of George I. under the pacific administra- tion of 8r Kobert Walpole, the Convention of the Massachusits, ])roposed calling a yyniKl to consult the most i)roper methods to revive religeon in this land. The ^linisters of the Church of England Icared where no occasion of fear was, and used every art and address to prevent this pious and inofiensi ve design. The Conse(]uence was Gov'r Dummer received a severe reproof for giving his assent to the calling the Synod, and had positive orders to prevent their meeting in any time to come. Whether anything of the like nature is to be feared in the present ca.se may deserve consideration. If at any time the libertys of our Churches should be a.s-sailed we are persuaded relief may be obtained in more silent methods. Jn these we shall always with pleasure imite wifli you. "We account it our honour and duty upon all occasions to give you the sincerest evidences that we are Your artectionate brethren and humble servants. To the Kev'd Mr. Noah Welles, to be com- "I , o . ,, , ,, municated to the Conventi.m which is to [ ^""^r" ^f'"'-^-^^' '" ^he name of the meet at New Haven, Sept. 10th, 1707. J <-ommUtee. 1768. Elir.(thethtown, New Jersey, Oct. 5, 1768. The Rev. General Convention of Delegates from the Associated Churches of Connecticut, and from the iSynod of New York and Philadelphia, met according to adjournment. U. P. P. S. Kev'd William Tcnnciit, scn'r, Wheeler Case, William Mills, John Rodgers, Thomas Lewis, Timothy Jones. Joseph Treat, James Caldwell, William Kirkpatrick, John Blair, Robert Smith, Joseph Montgomery, Richard Treat, Andrew Hunter, John Ewing, Solomon Mead, John Close, John Rrainerd, Jacob (rreen. From Connecticut. Rev. IMcssrs. Elnathan Whitman, F]liphalct Williams, Nathaniel Whitaker, Mark Leavenworth, Warhani Williams, Enoch Hunt- ington, John Smalley, Joseph Rellamy, and Moses Mather. The Rev. Mr. Elnathan Whitman was chosen Chairman, and the Rev. Messrs. Enoch Huntington and John Ewing were chosen Scribes. The Convention was ojtened by the Rev. Mr. Eliphalet Williams by a sermon from l*.salni 122: the four la.st verses. Ordered that the Minutes of the la.st General Convention })e read. A Minute of the General Association was brought in and read, which is as follows : — " At a General Association of the pastors of the Consociated Chinches in the Colony'of Connecticut convened by delegation at Coventry. June 21, nos. " Wniereas some dispute arose in the last General Convention concerning the admission of members to vote in said Convention ; and whereas we uiider- .•^tand that the IJev. Synod of New York and iMiiIadeI]ihia in order to put an end to that dispute for time to come, diil at their last meeting agree that though any gentlemen who shouhl think proper may be frecdy jtermitted to be pn\sent in Convention, yet mme but the Delegates shall be allowed to vote : this Association heartily concurs with the above limitation, and more- over give it as our o])inion and advice that none but the T)elegates shall be admitted publicly to debate any case before the Convention, unless partic- ]7GS.] GENERAL CONVENTION 25 iilarl}' requested so to do. And it is further declared as the opinion and advice of this body, that it is not expedient for the future, that any of our Associations delegate more than two members to the (leneral Convention. " Finally, we think it may be advisable that in a future General Conven- tion, nothing be an act of said Convention, considei'ed as the voice of the united body, but what has the major vote of the respective members that shall be present, both from the Synod and from the Consociated Pastors in Connecticut." A letter from the Association of the Western District in the County of New London, giving reasons for their declining to send delegates, and moving that an annual correspondence by letters between the Synod of New York and Philadelphia and the General Association be substituted, instead of the Annual Convention, was brought in and read. After considering these affairs the Convention resolved to continue in their present form and acquiesce in the advices received from the General Association. Ordered, That the Rev. Messrs. Ewing, Smalley, and Blair be a Com- mittee to prepare a draught of a letter to the Deputies for managing the aff"airs of Dissenters in England, in order to open a correspondence with them ; and lay it before the Convention to-morrow morning. Adjourned till 8 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Oct. 6, 1768. 6th day^ at 8 o'clock A. M., the Convention met. U. P. P. S. Q. S. Together with the Rev. Mr. Robert Ross, of Stratfield, in Connecticut. Ordered that the minutes of the last sed't be read. The Committee appointed last night to prepare a draught of a letter to the Dissenting Committee in England, brought in one, which, being read and corrected, was approved, and is as follows : — Gentlemen, The pastors of the Consociated Churches of Connecticut have agreed with the Synod of New York and Philadelphia to meet annually by Delegates in General Con- vention on the most catholic foundation ; to give information of the public state of our united interests ; to join our counsels and endeavoi-s together for spreading and preserving the religious liberties of our Churches ; to recommend, cultivate and pre- serve loyalty and allegiance to the King's Majesty, and to keep up a correspondence through this united body and with our friends abroad. This we have apprehended to be our duty, especially in our present circumstances, not only that we might strengthen our iutiuence in suppressing and discouraging any measures that might be fallen upon by the people committed to our care ; that would be inconsistent with our character as peaceable and loyal subjects, or detrimental to the public j^eace and tranquillity, but also that we might as faithful officers in the Church of Christ, watch over her rights and privileges to endeavor more effectually to prevent any attempts of any other denomination of Christians to oppress us. The late attempts of the Episcopalian Missionaries among us to introduce an American Episcopate liave given a very general alarm to our Churches, who fled from the unmerciful rigor and jier.secution of Diocesan Bishops in our mother country to settle in an uncultivated wilderness; the recollection of the cruelties and hardshijis which our fathers suffered before this peaceful retreat was opened for us, tills our minds with an utter abhorrence of every species of ecclesiastical tyranny and persecution. And therefore we would guard with special care against admitting any just suspicion that we would suffer that to take place among ourselves which we so nuich condemn in othei-s. We oppose not, there- fore, the introduction of Diocesan Bishops into America from any apjn-ehension that we have any exclusive privilege above others, or from any riglit we have to endeavor to i)revent them from enjoying the siime liberties with any other denomination of Christians in the Colonies. We oppose the scheme from very different motives and principles. Our fears woidd not be so much alarmed could any rational method be devised for sending over Bishops among us stripped of every degree of civil power, and confined in the exercise of their ecclesiastical fimction to their own societies: and could we have sufficient security that the British Parliament, that could send them 2G MlNTTlvS OF THE [1768. over to us thus limited, to gsiin a peaceable settlement here, would never be induced by their i-omjilaints for tlu- waul of power to enl;ir);f it at any future jK-riod. But it is vi-ry cvidt-ut it is not tiial liai'mk-ss and inoHcnsivc liisliop wliirli is (iosigncd fur us, or the missionaries among us reipiest ; and tiierefore, we eannot liut In; ajipreliensive of tlanger from the proposed P^piseopate, however plausible the scheme may be repre- senteil. We well know the jealousy lendor. It therefore appears to us our duty to be constantly on our guard ; but as our (listance from the throne and Parliament renders us unable to do any thing to prevent it, until it be tof) late, we are obliged to depend upon the interest and vigilence of our fiienijs in rjreat Britain who are engaged in the .'^une conmion cause with ourselves. Permit us, therefore, (Gentlemen, to request the favour of you to unite your vigilance and endeavors with ours: and to oj>cn and continue a correspondence with us; and to transndt to us from time to time the earliest intelligence you can get relative to this or anv other matter which you may judge either necessary or advantageous to us ; and direct vour letters to the Pev. Dr. Allison and Rev. Mr. Ewing in Philadclj.liia, to the liev. Dr. Kodgers and Kev. Mr. Treat in New Yt)rk, and to the Kev. Mi. NNhit- man and Rev. Mr. Welles in Connecticut. To the Dissenting Committee. Mr. Rodfrers is requested to transmit a copy of this letter to our Brethren in Rhode I.sland, Ma. ssachu. setts, and New Hampshire. Adjourne«l till 3 o'clock P. M. Concluded with prayer. 3 o clock P. .1/., the Convention met according to aJjonmmcnt, ami P. P. S. Q. S. The Rev. Messrs. Ross, Welles, Whitman, Smalley, and James Lock- wood are appointed a Committee in Connecticut to carry on epistolary correspondoiire with our friends in London, with our Brethren in Massa- chu.setts, Rhode Island, New Hampshire, the I'rcshytery of Boston, etc.; the Rev. Messrs. Rodgers, Joseph Treat, and Caldwell a similar Com- 1770.] GENERAL CONVENTION 27 mittee in the Province of New York and the Jerseys, and the Rev. Dr. Allison, with the Rev. Messrs. Treat and Ewing, another Committee in Pennsylvania for tlie same pm-pose. Adjourned till Thursday, the 14th day of Sept. next, which will be in the year 1709, to meet at New Haven, Connecticut. Concluded with prayer. 1769. A^cw Haven, Connecticut, Se2)t. 14, 1769. The Rev'd General Convention of Delegates from the Consociated Churches of Connecticut, and from the Synod of New York and Phila- delphia, met according to adjournment. Lfbi post jyreces secVt. From the Churches in Connecticut, the Rev. Mr. Nathaniel Taylor, the Rev. Mr. Edward Dorr, the Rev. Mr. Joseph Perry, the Rev. Mr. Samuel Lockwood, the Rev. Mr. Elijah Lathrop, the Rev. Mr. Jedidiah Mills, the Rev. Mr. Noah Whetmore, the Rev. 3Ir. Benjamin Woodbridge, the Rev. Mr. Nicholas Street, the Rev. Mr. Jonathan Ingersol, the Rev. Mr. Samuel Sherwood. From the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, the Rev. Mr. Richard Treat, the Rev. Mr. John Craighead, the Rev. Mr. James Sproat, the Rev. Mr. William Tennent, the Rev. Dr. Rodgers, the Rev. Mr. James Caldwell, the Rev. Mr. Solomon Mead. Dr. Rodgers opened the Convention by a sermon from Acts 11 : 24. Mr. Richard Treat was chosen Chairman, and Mr. Dorr and Mr. Caldwell, Scribes. Voted, That the Rev. Dr. Rodgers, of New York, and the Rev. Noah Welles, of Stamford, be standing Registers, appointed by this Convention, to receive all papers belonging to them, and to transmit to all future Con- ventions the Minutes of the preceding ones. On looking over the Minutes of the last Convention, it appears that there was a letter agreed upon to be sent to the Committee of Dissentars in London, requesting their kind interposition in favour of these Churches, and this Convention, apprehending their letter has unhappily miscarried, desire the Rev. Dr. Rodgers to take a copy of the same and sign it as our Register, and transmit it to the Committee of Dissenters in London accord- ing to the desire of the last Convention. Voted, That the Rev. James Sproat be added to the Committee of corres- pondence in Philadelphia, and the Rev. Dr. Rodgers, and the Rev. Joseph Treat be a Committee in New York, that the Rev. Dr. Witherspoon, and the Rev. William Tennent be a Committee in New Jersey, and that the Rev. Messrs. Noah Welles and Moses Mather be a Committee in Connecti- cut, and that the Committee in Connecticut correspond with the ministers of Boston and New Hampshire ; the Committee at New York with the ministers of Rhode Island and South Carolina ; the Committee in New Jersey with the ministers of Scotland ; and the Committee at Philadelphia with the ministers in England and Ireland. Adjourned till the first Wednesday in October, at 11 o'clock, which will be in the year 1770, to meet at Elizabeth Town in New Jersey. Concluded with prayer. 1770. EUzahethtoicn, Oct. 3, 1770. The Rev. General Convention of Delegates from the Consociated Churches of Connecticut, and from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met according to adjournment. Post preces sederunt. From Connecticut, the 28 MINUTES OF THE [1770. Kev. Messrs. Nathaniel Tavlur. Noah Benedict, Stephen Hawley ; i'nnn the Syiiud, tlio Kev. Messrs. John Bhiir, Charles Beaty, Alexander McAVhurter. James Caldwell, Azariah llortoii. The General Convention was opened with a sermon by the Kev. Mr. Taylor, from Ezek. 47 : i>-ll. The Uev.d Gent.n from Connecticut produced certificates testifying they were delegates by their respective Associations to be members of the General Convention. The Kev.d Gent.n from the Synod of New York and Philada. through the neglect of their clerk, on whom they depended for the certificate of their delegation, could not procure it, but the General Convention received satisfactory evidence that those who.se names have been mentioned were delegated by the Synod. Mr. Taylor was chosen Chairman, and Mr. jMcWhorter and INIr. Hawley were chosen Scribes. Adjourned till to-morrow morning II o'clock. Con- cluded with prayer. Oct. 4, 1770. Oct. 4. 3Iet according to adjournment. P. P. S. Q. S. The Kev. Mr. Robert Boss and the Rev. Mr. William Tennent, Jun., from Connecticut, and the Rev. Mr. John Ewing, Dr. Witherspoon, "William Tennent. Sen'r, the Rev. Mr. Halsey, and the Rev. Mr. Beaty, from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, are now come. Ordered that the Minutes of the last sederunt be read. Ordered that the Minutes of the last Convention be read. It was in(|uired w'hether Dr. Rodgers had complied with the appointment of the last General Convention at New Haven : to transmit a letter from them to the Committee of Dissenters in London. And we are informed that he complied with the said appointment ; and has in answer a letter from said Committee, signed by Thomas Cotton, Secretary, which was pro- duced and read, and is as follows, Rev.d Sir : " Tlie favor of your letter, sifted as Register, in tlie name and by oider of tlie Reverend General Convention of Delegates from tlie ("onsoeiated Cluirolies of Con- necticut, and from the Synod of New York and riiil;uleli)liia, met at New Haven, 14tli September, 1709, did not come to tlie hands of JasjH-r Mauiliiit, Est]. [Chairman of tlie Committee for manafjins civil affairs of the Dis-si-nters] for iijtwards of nine montiis, and he having summoned a meeting of tlie sjiid Committee they took your letter into consideration, and have ordered me [wlio have the honor of lieiiig their Si'eretary] to acquaint you that the Committee is fully seiisilile of tlie many eivil and religious inconveniences that would arise from the introduction of Diocesan Bishops into America ; and tlierefore beg leave to a.'^Mire you of their most vigilant attention to opjiose and frustrate any such design ; at the sime time tliey have the jdeasure of informing you that they have made the strictest in(|niries, and are al)le from tiie very Ix'st autliorities to a.ssiire you tliat tliere is no such design on fool, at lue.'^ent : and that they hojie government are so .sensible of tlie confusion such a steji would make among our .Vmerican brethren, that however warmly some of our IJishops may wish for it, and express their desires in their sermons on pultlic occasions, yet tin- Committee verily helieve they will never Ik- ahle to accom])iisli tlicm. Hut that however !is vnu and they are eiigiigcd in oni' common cause, the defence of civil and niigious liherty, you may dc]>eiid upon it, that if any attempts are made to revive tliis design, tlu' Com- mittee will carefully watch and e.xert their utmost eiuh-avors to lueveiit the carrying it into execution. I am. Sir, further directcil by the Committee to :ic(piaiiit you lliat they siiall 1h' very ready and willing to continue a corresp(»ndeiice witli you, and froui time to time to tninsmit to you the earliest intelligence tliey can get relative to this matter. .\nil if hereafter you liave occasion to communicate anylhiiig to them, you will please to eaty, Mr. Ewing, and Mr. Benedict are appointed a Committee to prepare an answer to the Committee of Dissenters in London, and bring it in, in the afternoon. After the General Convention had maturely con- sidered the expediency of having an agent in London, concluded that it was useful and important. xVnd it is recommended to all the membei's of the General Convention, and in particular to Dr. Witherspoon, Dr. Kodgers, Mr. Welles, Mr. Ewing, Dr. Allison, and Mr. Beaty to endeavor to find out a proper person in London, for that purpose to propose to the next General Convention. The General Convention upon reading the Minutes are informed that the Committee in Connecticut, viz., Mr. Welles and Mr. Mather have wrote to the ministers in Boston and New Hampshire, but their answers, if there be any, are not come to hand. It being represented to the General Convention, that the design and im- portance of it are not understood by many ministers at a distance, by which means, it is not so extensive as it might be, and as is necessary to its greater usefulness ; wherefore the General Convention request the Be v. Dr. Witherspoon, as he is now on his journey to the eastward, that he take all proper opportunities to represent to our Brethren in the Massachusetts Bay, New Hampshire, and Rhode Island, the utility of the Convention, and the importance of their uniting with us. And it is ordered that he be furnished with a copy of the plan of the General Convention by the Scribes. Mr. Blair, Mr. Ross, Mr. Taylor, and Mr. Caldwell, are appointed by the General Convention, to wait upon the General Association of Con- necticut, which is to meet at Reading on the 3d Tuesday in June next — to converse with said Association and endeavor to impress upon them the utility of continuing the General Convention, and the importance of a punctual attendance upon it. And also Mr. Beaty and 3Ir. Hawley wait upon the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, [which is to meet at Phila- delphia, the third Tuesday of May next,] for the same purpose. And Dr. Bellamy and Mr. Trumbull, of North Haven, are requested to join these gentlemen for the same purpose. Adjourned to 3 o'clock, P. M. Con- cluded with prayer. 3 o'clock P. M. met according to adjournment. P. P. S. Q. S. Ordered that the Minutes of the last sederunt be read. The Committee appointed to prepare an answer to the Committee of Dissenters in London, accordingly brought in a draught of a letter, which being read, corrected, and approved, is as follows : Sir: Your favors of the 4th of August, 1770, in answer to oui-s of the 14th Sept. 1709, came safe to the hands of Dr. Allison and Dr. Rodgers, and were laid before the General Convention of Delegates from the Consociated Churches of Connecticut, and from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia. It gives us particular satisfaction to find you embarked in the same cause witli us, and that you are so sensible of tlie many inconveniences that would attend the introduction of Diocesan Bislu)i)s into America as to engage your most vigilant attention to oppose and frustrate sucli a design. It is no less plea.sing to us to be assured from so good autliority tliat such a sclieme is laid aside for the present. Yet we liave sufficient reason to believe that tlie measure is so desirable to the Bisliops in pyUgland and the Ei)iscof)al clergy witli us that they will lose no opportunity of carrying it into execution, and therefore will privately as well as publicly countenance every measure anfl imi)n)ve every advantage that has even a remote and distant tendency to subjugate the colonies to Episcopal domination, as this 30 MINUTES OF THE [l77o. will easily pave the way for tlie destruction of our civil liberties. "NVe have but too inucii reason to know that Diocesjin Bishops with their inferior clerfry have alwavs been the tools of ari)itnuy power, and ready to fall in witii and promote the view> of a nunister of state, however detrimental they may lie to other denominations of Christians. In tills point of light we view the S)ciety for Pmpag-ating the (iosj)el in Foreign Parts, in pmcuring grants of land vested in them for the purpose of snpi«(rt- ing the Ejiiseopal clergy in the townshijis laid out in New IIami)shire of late yeai-s although few or no Episcopalians reside in them, and in granting considerable sjilaries to nussionaries in the most populous parts of our colonies, even where there are faith- ful nunistei"s of other denominations setlletl and but a few families of tlieir religious persuasion, while at the .sime time they are neglecting to supjjly great iHuni)ei>i of their clergy not only in Scotland but even in England. The reason is plain ; the form of dmrch government is fixed in those places, iiut here they have hoj)es by their bounties to be able to form and lix the government to their own minils, and in time .>^ul)ject us to Episcopal jurisdiction. Their partiality also api)eai's very llagi-ant in neglecting to send nussionaries among the jjoor iienightcd Indians on our borders, although their money was partly designed for their ivlief, and the many distressed inhabitants on our frontiers who are perishing for want of knowledge, having few to break the bread of life among them. Tlic peculiar care of the Episcojjalians among ourselves where they have any iniluence, to till all the jjlaces of power and trust in our various govermnents with those of their own denomination, or at least those who are in their interest, seems to us evidently calculated to jjromote their grand design, and therefore tills us with uneasy apprehensions. Upon the whole, these considera- tions make it evident to us that their views are not so much to promote Christianity as the establishment of Episcopal church government in the colonies, and therefoie eng-age our constant watchfulness lest they should take advantage of our being oil our guard to accomplish a design, which, however j)leasing to them, will be attended with the most lamentable consequences to the interests of true religion and liberty among us. As we shall always look upon oui-selves greatly obliged by your continued corre- spondence, jilease to direct any intelligence or advice you may think jjroper to trans- mit tons, to the Rev. Dr. iVllison in Philadelphia, Dr. John Kodgei-s in New York, and Mr. Whitenian in Hartford, Connecticut. Signed by order of the (tcnenil Convention Nathaniel Taylor, Chairman Elizabethtown, October 3d, 1770. P. S. We also herewith send you an account of only one instance of Episcopal oppression in the colony of (ieorgia, which may show what we aie to expect in case their wished for plan should be carried into execution, and that Mr. Zubly whose con- gregation has been thus treated, is a gentleman of an established reputation for learn- ing, prudence and piety. [See Appendix, No. 2.*] Ordered, that the letter be transcribed and sifjncd b}' the Cliairnian. and sent to Dr. Kodger.s and a duplicate to Dr. Allison, to be transmitted to Jas])er Mauduit, E.sq., in Hackney, near London ; or to ]Mr. Thomas Cotton, attorney at Law in Hackney. Appointed that Mr. Halscy, .Mr. Caldwell, and Mr. McWhorter, be a Committee, to write to Lrentlemen in Maryland, Vir<;inia, Georgia, and the Carolinas, in order that they may obtain all the instances of Episcopal oppression in said Colonies they can, and ])repare them to be laid before our next General Convention. Mr. Chairman, Mr. Ross, and Mr. Hubbard are desired to collect the instances of the lenity of their government with regard to the Episcopal Dissenters therein. And the Committee in Connecticut, viz., Mr. Welles and Mr. Matlier, are desired to write to such ministers in the eastern governments, as they may think proper, to obtain instances of the same nature. Adjourned till the first Wednesday in Sept., at 10 o'clock, whidi will be in the year 1771, to meet at Norwalk. Concluded with prayer. * This record has not l)een found in the Aiii>endix to tlie Minutes. 1771.] GENERAL CONVENTION 31 1771. Xorical/c, Sept. 4, 1771. The Rev. the General Convention of the Delegates from the several Associations in Connecticut, and of the Rev. Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met according to adjournment. Ubi V. P. Sedt. : From the Association of the Western District of Fairfield, the Rev. Mr. Moses Dickinson and the Rev. Mr. William Tennent ; from the Eastern District of Fairfield, the Rev. Mr. Robert Ross and the Rev. Mr. Nathaniel Bart- lett ; from the Association of Litchfield County, the Rev. Mr. Nathaniel Taylor and the Rev. Judah Champion ; from the North Association of Hartford County, the Rev. Mr. Theodore Hinsdale ; from the Association of New Haven County, the Rev. Mr. Elizur Goodrich and the Rev. Mr. Amos Fowler. From the Synod, the Rev.d Dr. Francis Allison, the Rev. Dr. John Rodgers, Rev. Mr. Joseph Montgomery, Rev. Mr. John Close, Rev. Mr. Jedediah Chapman, Rev. Mr. John Woodhull, Rev. Mr. Charles Beaty, Rev. ^Ir. James Sproat, Rev. Mr. James Caldwell, Rev. Mr. Solomon Mead, Rev. Mr. William Mills. The Convention was opened with a sermon by the Rev. Mr. Joseph Montgomery, from Ps. 2. 6. The Rev. Dr. Rodgers was chosen Chairman. The Rev. Messrs. Caldwell and Champion were chosen Scribes. Dr. Allison reports, that he had received a letter from Mr. Thomas Cotton, Secretary to the Committee of Dissenters in London, in answer to the letter sent by the Convention last year, which is not present, but that the sub.'?tance of it was, — that the Committee did not know of any par- ticular attempts making on their side of the water to introduce an American Episcopate, at present ; they would however carefully observe the motions of the friends of that scheme, and they desired us to do the same on this side, and communicate to them whatever attempts are making here. The appointment of an agent in London, which was referred from the last Convention, was now considered, and after mature deliberation it was unanimously determined for the present not to appoint an agent, but to continue our correspondence with the Committee of Dissenters as before. And Dr. Allison and 3Ir. Dickinson are desired to bring in the draught of a letter to the said Committee. Adjourned till to-morrow morning, 8 o'clock. Concluded with prayer. Sept. 5, 1771. 5th day : 8 o'clock, the Convention met according to adjournment. P. P. S. Q. S. Also the Rev. Mr. John Brainerd and the Rev. Mr. Jere- miah Halsey from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia are now come. Ordered to read the minutes of the last sederunt. It is now reported to this Convention that Dr. Witherspoon complied with the appointment of last year in representing to the ministers in Boston the necessity of extending this Convention, but we are not yet fully informed what success he met with. Mr. Ross and Mr. Taylor report that they waited upon the General Association, agreeable to the appointment of last year, and were favorably received. Mr. Beaty also fulfilled his appointment to the Synod, and was also received in like manner. Mr. Welles, one of the standing Registers for this Convention is desired to lay the Minutes of the several meetings of this General Convention 32 MINUTES OF THE [1771. before the (lonoral Association of tliis Colony of Connecticut at their next meeting, ami afterward from year to year, if tlesired. The Committee appointed last year to collect instances of oppression or lenity with respect to religious denominations in the several governments, appear to have taken considerable pains to answer the ends of their appointnjeiit, and related many instanees and facts to this purpose. Hut as the good intention of the Convention in this affair is nut yet completed, and inasmuch as it would be of great advantage to this Convention, and the common interest of mankind to be ac(|uainted with the religious con- stitutions of the several governments on this continent — we do appoint for that purpose, for the colony of Nova Scotia, the liev. Dr. Allison ; for the colony of New Hampshire, the Kev. Mr. William Tennent, of Norwalk ; for the colony of Massachusetts, the Rev. Mr. Noah Welles ; for the colony of Khode Island, the Rev. Mr. Robert Ross ; for the colony of Connecticut, the Rev. Mr. Elizur Goodrich ; for the province of New York, the Rev. Dr. Rodgers ; for the province of New Jersey, the Rev. Mr. John Rrainerd ; for the province of Pennsylvania, the Rev. Mr. James Sproat ; for the government of New Castle and province of Maryland, the Rev. Mr. Joseph Montgomery ; for the dominion of Virginia, the Rev. Mr. James Caldwell ; for the province of North Carolina, the Rev. Mr. Jeremiah Halsey ; for the province of Georgia, the Rev. Mr. Alexander McWhortcr : who are desired respectively to obtain the Charters, Laws, and Statutes of those Colonies, and to extract from them whatever respects ecclesiastical affairs ; also the usages and customs of those Colonies, by which the religious liberties of any denomination have been, or now are, either enlarged or abridged, and lay the result of their inquiry before our next Convention. And the Rev. Mr. John Maltby, of South Carolina, who is present ia desired to collect materials agreeable to the above resolution, from the Charter, Laws, and usages of that province, and transmit the same to Dr. Allison in Philadelphia, by him to be prepared for, and laid before the next Convention. Dr. Allison brought in tlie draught of a letter to the Committee of Dis- senters in London, which being read, was approved, and the Chairman is de.sired to sign two copies, of which he is to send one and Dr. Allison the other, to Jasper Mauduit, Esq., near Jjondon. The letter is as follows : ^^orwdlk, ill Cunnccdcut, 5 Sept., 1771. "Sir, We are informed that a letter in answer to ours of tlie 3d of Oct. 1770, by favor of Mr. Cotton, came to Dr. .Mlison, who entrnsted tht- care of it to a pei-soii wlio has neglected to lay it before tliis Convention, and that you tlicrcin proniisctl to have a watchfid care of our liberties, and to ^'ve ns timely notice if attenijit.s were still con- timieil to establish Diocesan Ei)iscopacy in the Colonies; and as you desired ns to j,Mve you the earliest intelligence of any attempts that miKht be made in the Colonies for this pin-jMise, with the sincerest pratitnde wc acknowledtce yonr friendship, and beg leave to inform yon that we are still greatly alanncil. The whole Bench of liishop.x, ami many Ititrots with you are constantly tiezed by our missionaries to i)rocnre an American Kpiscojiate. The late .\rch-I'.isho|) Seeker, if we remember right, |)roinised that if any jirovince petitioneil for a Bishop, it would be gntnled ; and greiit pains have l)een taken to engage the clergy in N'irginia and Maryland to jietition for this favour. That some of the clergy in Virginia formed jn-titiinis for a Bishop, and that four out of twelve that were i-hia rJa/.ftte, August 8. 1771. t These professors were, the, Kev. Messrs. Gwatkiii and llenly. They both iirotesUd against an American Episcopate in the Ecclcaiastical Convention of Virginia in 1771, 1771.] GENERAL CONVENTION 33 and the house of Burgesses in that colony, nemlne confradicen'e, pnblidv voted their thanks to the protesters for making this seasonable stand for liberty. What the issue of this affair may be in the province is hard to determine, but we are informed that Mr. Horrax, a clergyman, is sent to England with these petitions, and the people of the colony are greatly alarmed lest he be sent back to them as their Bishop. The petitioning clergy affirm in the course of their public del)ates with their brethren, that all opposition among the Dissenters has ceased, and that the people of New England, of all others are now most anxious to have a Bishop established among them, than which assertion nothing can be more false, unless they mean by the people of New England, the missionaries and a few of their wiivm adherents. So far from this, that from the best information we can collect, the colonies of Massachusetts and Connecticut have given instructions to their agents to oppose an American Epi-scopate, the certainty of which you may easily learn. A petition was likewise i)resented by eight of the clergy of Maryland to their Governor, requesting his interest, both in England and his own colony for establishing an Episcopate; and they inform his Excellency that they have ju-eparcd petitions f(jr the throne, the Arch-Bishop of Canterbury, Lord Baltimore, and the Bisliop of London for the same purpose. The petition to the Governor is something extraordinary ; a copy of which we will send you, and copies of the other jjctitions, if we can procure them. The Governor I'efused to admit the petition as an act of the whole clergy of Maryland, and told them that as an American Episcopate uuist be attended with many and very important consequences he would lay it before the House of Representatives, which greatly mortified them, as they had mentioned that l)ody in it with some dis- respect. A circular letter was sent by the petitioners to the other clergy of the prov- ince to obtain their permission to put their names to the petitions to be sent to Eng- land, which was obtained from a great number without knowing all that was in the petitions ; but ten of them laid a remonstrance before the Governor complaining of this conduct. But notwithstanding that neither the Governor nor Assembly have given their approbation, it is said the petitions are sent home. From this account you may clearly see the great industry of these gentlemen, and nuich more we have reason to suspect is done by them, in the other provinces, which ha.s not so fully come to our knowledge ; but from a disagreement among themselves, what we now write you has become matter of jjublic notoriety. We now stand in need, if ever, of the assistance of all our friends to use their utmost skill and interest to avert this impending blow that so surely threatens our civil and religious liberties, and which if not prevented, must again inflame all our colonies, that have so lately regained the blessings of peace. We would by no means be understood as if we would endeavor to prevent an American Bishop or Arch-Bishop or Patriarch, or whatever else they woidd see fit to send, provided other denominations could be safe from their severity and encroach- ments; but this we think impossible: for no act of Parliament can secure us from the tyranny of their jurisdiction, as an act of Parliament may, and no doubt v.ill be repealed at the importunate solicitjitions of the Bishops and othei-s, nor can we have any security against being obliged, in time, to support their dignity, and to pay taxes to relieve the Society in paying their missionaries ; and the Governors of our several colonies must either be sul)missive in all things to their will and pleasure, or be harassed and persecuted with continual complaints to all in power on your side of the water. In a word, we think Ecclesiastics vested with such powers dangerous to our civil and religious liberties; and it seems highly j)robable that it will in time break that strong connection which now happily subsists between (Jreat Bi-itain and her colonies, who are never like to shake off their dependence on the mother country until they have Bishops estal>lished among them. As we shall always acknowledge that we are imder the greatest obligations to yon for your friendship in this important afiiiir, and earnestly desire the continuance of your correspondence, please direct any intelligence you may think projier to trans- mit to us, to the Rev. Dr. P>ancis Allison in Philadelphia, or to tiie Rev. Dr. John Rodgers in New York, or to the Rev. Mr. Elnathan Whitcman, Connecticut. Signed in the name and by order of the (ieneral Convention, by John lioiXiKiis, C/tdmnan. P, the water S. — We have with pleasure observed that some of our friends on your side of iter have made some just remarks, in the London Chronicle, on the Bishop of and afterwards the former published a pamphlet with tlicsamo view, under the follow- iuK title: 'A Letter to the Clersry of New York and Phila(lcl])liia. occasioned by an Address to the Episcopalians in Virginia. By the Kc.v. Tlioinas (Jwatkin, Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy in William and Mary College, Williamsburgh, 1772, pp. 28.'— Miller's Memoirs of the Kcv. Jolm Rodgers, D. D. 3 34 MINUTES OF THE [i77j. Oxfoi-d's sermon before the Society last February. They highly merit the thanks of the Ameriran cohmies, and as we esteem oureelves indebtetl to your friendship for ihb; favor wi' \k-^ you will l>e pk-ased to present our thanks to the jiereon or pei-sons tluit did so nnich justice to our cause. To Jaspek MArmiT, Et^i., Chairman of tiie Dissenting Committee — to be com- municated." Adjourned to meet at Elizabethtown, tlie last Wednesday but one in September, 177-. at 3 o'clock in the afternoon. Coucluded with prayer. 17 72. ElizahcOitoun, SejH. 23, 1772. The General Convention met according to adjournment. U. P. P., present from Connecticut, the Kev. Messrs. Noah Welles, Samuel Clark, Cotton Mather Smith, Noah Williston, Thomas W. Bray, Hezekiah Kipley. Asahel Hart, Ebenezer IJaldwiti ; from the Synod of New York and Phila- delphia, the Rev. Mr. Jo.sepli Montgomery, Kev. Mr. William Foster, Kev. Mr. James Sproat, Rev. Mr. John Brainerd, Rev. Mr. William Tennent, Rev. Doctr. Allison. Rev. Doctr. Witherspoon Rev. 3Ir. John Ewing. Rev. 3Ir. Jeremiah llalsey. Piev. Doctr. Rodgers. Rev. Mr. Alexander McWhorter. Rev. Mr. James'Cakhvell. Rev. Mr. Joseph Treat, Rev. Mr. William Mills. Rev. Mr. John Close. Mr. Clark opened the Convention with a sermon, from '1 Cor. -I. 1. The Rev. Mr. Cotton Alather Smith was cho.sen Chairman, and Mr. J]wing and Mr. Baldwin were chosen Scribes. The Rev. Mr. Welles informed the Convention, that agreeable to the instructions of the la.st session, he .sent to the (ieneral Association of the colony of Connecticut, the Records of this General Convention, which was well approved by the General Association, who also desired that the pro- ceedings of this Convention be from j^ear to year laid before them. Dr. Allison produced the letter from the Deputation of the Dissenters in England, which was referred to in the Minutes of the last sessions ; which letter is ordered to be recorded in the Appendix to the ^Minutes of the Con- vention. [The letter is as follows:] Rev. Sir: — Your favor to our Secretary, Mr. ('ottf)n, dated October lOtli last, lie produced and read to our Committee who referred to us to K've an answer tiiereto. We beg you will end upon it that the Committee will ever carefully watch agtiinst any attem|)ts that may 1k' made to introfluce Dioce.sjui I?ishoj)s into America. We an- sensibi*' indee|)ispal clergy are very desirous of it, but at the same time, aie fully ]ier>na(!ed tiiat adminis- tration have no such intention at present, and that no steps relatint,' thereto have been taken by them .since our la.st. If siny |ietition for that pui-))ose should be agitated in vour or in any other of the colonies, we desire you will endi'avor tf> counterwork il, and if such a on»* should come over here, the Connnittee will lie sure to oppose it. With regiinl to the aHiiir yf»u desired our thoughts of, as to your having an agent liere, it is the opinion of the Committee that a |>roper pei-sou (lualified to l»e your agent in tlie manner sjtecitied in your letter, would be very difhcnlt to be found ; and if sucli a one could Ik- found, would not answer vour end, as he would not have the weight with administration as this Committee would; for whatever he might at any time say, they would look upon him as an agent for the colonii's and under their intluence. when-as no such bia-^ could Ix- iiii|iuted to this Committee. We hope you will rest as-nred that we will always exeil oui-selves for your lienefit, in defence of your religious liberties: And are, Kev. Sir, Your most humble servants, Ri(li:ird Cooke, Fxlwnni Hunt, Jasper Maiiduit UolH-'i-t Lewin Jas. Ikiy French Wm. IJowden The liev. Dr. Allison ' Thomas Lucaw January 22, 1771. 1772.] GENERAL CONVENTION 35 Dr. Allison laid before the Convention another letter from the Committee of Deputation of Dissenters in England, in answer to the letter of this Convention, dated Sept. 5, 1771, to Jasper Mauduit, Esq., which is as follows : Kev. Sii-s, Your letter of the loth of Nov. last, directed to our late worthy Chairman, Jasper Mauduit, Esq., now deceased, and therein enclosing one from the General Convention, dated 5th of 8ept. last, was delivered to our Secretary Mr. Cotton ; who laid it i)efore our Committee, and tiiey liave referred it to us to retmn you an answer thereto, which we embrace the first ojjportimity of doing. We are not ignorant, and are sorry that you have any reason to be alarmed from the restlessness of the missionaries and their bigoted adherents, but hope you will depend upon the constant attention of oiu- Committee to your interest to prevent, as much as in us lies, a Bishop from being sent over to you. And we do verily believe, that if Mr. Horrax comes over with such a view, he will go over without his errand, for we can with pleasure inform you, that since tiie receipt of your last, we have again made the strictest inquiry, and are able from undoubted authority to assure you, that though petitions have been presented, yet we do not believe they will meet with any success ; that however the Bishops and clergy may labor the point, the persons in power do not seem to be at all for it at present, and we hope never will. And we must remind you, that in our last we desired you, if you found any petitions were handed about to l)e signed, you would send over counter jietitions, signed by as many respectable persons as you coidd, which we think you should do as soon as possi- ble, that they may be made use of, if needful. And we beg you would rest a.-;sured of our continued endeavors to oppose the carrying such a design into execution. \\ e have sent a letter, to the .same purport as this, to the Eev. Dr. Rodgers, that they may be communicated by you or him, to the General Convention. And whenever you are disposed to correspond with us, be pleased to direct your letters to our present Chair- man, Thomas Lucas, Esq., at Graj^s Hospital, London. We are, with great esteem, Rev. Sir, your most obedient servants, 1st March, 1772. Thomas Llxas Wm. Boaatjen J AS. Bogle French Rokert Maitlaxd Richard Cooke Benjamin Bond, Jr. R. Lewtij Edward Hunt Dr. Allison produced extracts from the laws of Nova Scotia, relative to Teligious liberty, agreeable to the order of the last Convention. Mr. Welles also laid before the Convention similar extracts from the laws of the Province of Massachusetts Bay. The Scribes with the Rev. Mr. Halsey, are appointed to prepare a draught of a letter to the Committee of Deputation of the Dissenters in London, and to bring it in to-morrow morning. Adjourned to 8 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Sept. 24: 8 o'clock, met according to adjournment; post preces sederunt qui supra, except Dr. Witherspoon. The Minutes of the last sederunt were read. Dr. Rodgers then produced extracts from the laws of New York ; Mr. Brainerd from the laws of New Jersey ; Mr. Sproat from the laws of Pennsylvania ; and Mr. Caldwell from the laws of Virginia, respecting religious liberty, all which were read. As the Convention have not received any extracts from the Charters, laws, etc., of the province of New Hamp.shire, the colonies of Rhode Island and Connecticut, the provinces of North and South Carolina, Maryland and Georgia, the gentlemen appointed for that purpose the last sessions are still desired to prosecute that business, excepting that by reason of Mr. Tennent's removal, Mr. Baldwin is appointed for New Hamp.shire, and by reason of the death of Mr. Maltby, Mr. Halsey is desired to make extracts for South Carolina. As it is apprehended that the accounts of the state of religious liberty in the various colonies, may be made more complete, if longer time was allowed to the ministers who have drawn them up, it is therefore 30 MINUTES OF TIIH [1772. atrreed, that they review, and make such alterations and additions as they shall judire necessary to answer the desijrn of this Convention, and have them in readiness for their inspection at their next sessions. And it is par- ticularly recommended to them, to ascertain the number of the inhabitants in each of the colonies, with the proportion of the Episcopalians to the Non-Episcopalians. The draujrht of a letter to the Committee of Dissenters in Plngland was read, and after amendments, was approved by the Convention and is as follows : Gentlemen : — Your letter of l.'^t March last, directed to the Rev. Dr. Fmncis Alli.son, [a diipli- cate of which was also directed to tlie Kev. Dr. RiKlgei-s,] was communicated by him to the General Convention, now silting at Elizalx-thtown, New Jei-sey. The a.ssuninces you give us that the Ejjiscopalians are not likely to succeed for the present, in their applications for an American Episcopate, aflbrd us great sitisfaction. \Ve shall dejicnd ujion the constant attention of your Connuittcc, to prevent as far as lies in your jxjwur, the esiahlishnient of Diocesjui P>piscopacy among us; and we shall always acknowledge with gratitude, your zeal for the cause of religious liberty on this extensive continent. We have abundant reason to believe, that the bigoted Episco- palians on this side the water, have by no means dropt the i)roject, but will ever be restless in their attempts to accomplish their purpose, till they either obtain their design, or repeated disappointments oblige them to abandon it : though it has not come to oui" knowledge, that anything new of this kind has been attenijited in America the year pa-st. In your la.st you advise that if any petitions should be handed about to be signed, we should send over counter petitions, by as many respectable persons as we can, which you think ought to be done as soon as possilile. But the late rejection and mis- carriage of their petition to the throne, [of which we have lately been assured,] liappily relieves us from the necessity of this measure for the ])resent. We must beg leave to suggest to you that we cannot but think that if the numbers of the Non-Episco- l)alians in the several colonies on this continent, and their vast superiority to the Epis- copalians in this respect were better known in Great Britain, than perhajjs they now are, it might \)C of very considerable service to the cause of religious lil>erty among us. We are sorry that it is not in our power to state this matter accur.itely at present ; but we determine as sended U])on. Please to direct your letter to "the Rev. Dr. F. Alli.son, in I'hiladelphia, or the Rev. Dr. John Riscopalians in tlie colony of New York hear the proportion of ahout (me to twenty of its present inhabitant.s. By another of the siune kind respecting the colony of Connecticut it appeal's they do nf)t bear a greater jiroportion ; and in the provinces of New Jersey and I'enn.'ortant uses in the gnind struggle we or p«)sterity may Ik- called to make in this glorious cause, in wliich the happiness of thousands yet ntdtorn is so (lrci>ly interested. Your known zeal agjiin.st the unjust encroachments of Episcopal domination, HUpei"sedes tlie necessity of our rejieating our re<|uests that you will continue your wonted care on this head. A line from you will be esteemed an additional favor; and which he pleased to 1774] GENERAL CONVENTION 39 direct to the Rev. Dr. Allison in Philadelphia, or the Rev. Dr. Rodgei-s in New York. Signed in the name and by order of the CJeneral Convention, by John Witherspoon, Chairman. The next meeting of the General Convention is appointed to be at Elizabethtown, the third Wednesday of September, 177-1, at 3 o'clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. 1774. \_EUzahvthfoicn, Sept. 21, 1774.'] The General Convention of the delegates from the Consociated Churches in Connecticut, and from the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met at Elizabethtown, Sept. 21, 1774, as appointed P. P. S. From Connecticut the Rev. Messrs. P^benezer Baldwin, Thomas Weld Bray, Samuel Eells, Nathaniel Taylor, Jeremiah Day, Samuel Sherwood, William Mackey Tennent, Theodore Hinsdale. From the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, Rev. Drs. Francis Allison & John Rodgers, Rev. Messrs. William Tennent, James Sproat, Israel Read, Benjamin Hait, Jeremiah Halsey, Alexander McWhorter, James Caldwell, Jedediah Chap- man, Joseph Montgomery, Patrick Allison. The General Convention was opened by Mr. Ebenezer Baldwin, with a sermon from jNIatt. 23.8. The Rev. Mr. Sherwood was chosen Chairman, and Mr. Day and Mr. Allison were chosen Scribes. Ordered that the Minutes of the last Convention be read. The pro- ceedings of the last Convention were laid before the General Association and Synod, and were well accepted. Adjourned till 8 o'clock to-morrow morning. Concluded with prayer. Sept. 22, 1774. Thursday, 8 o'clock A. M. The Convention met according to adjournment. P. P. S. Q. S., except Mr. Hait. Ordered that the Minutes of the last session be read. The Convention proceeded to review the appointments made last year to obtain the knowledge of religious liberty in the several American colonies, and received some satisfixctory reports in consequence thereof, particularly from Mr. Huntington, respecting Nova Scotia, and Mr. Welles, respecting Massachusetts Bay, whose diligence and accurate investigation are highly commendable. Mr. Baldwin is requested to pursue his inquiries relating to the province of New Hampshire. And Mr. Halsey is desired to write Mr. McClintock, soliciting his endeavors to furnish and obtain full inform- ation on the same subject, and transmit it to the next Convention. The respective appointments of Mr. Ross and Mr. Sproat are renewed. Mr. Montgomery reports that he has made some progress in collecting materials concerning the rise and progress of religious liberty, and ascertaining the proportion of dis.senters to the members of the established Church in Maryland. His appointment is continued, only Mr. Allison is desired to fix the proportion between the classes of people on the Avestern shore of that province. Mr. Caldwell's appointment is continued. Mr. Halsey delivered a valuable detail concerning the first settlement of North Carolina, and of the ecclesiastical circumstances of the province, in its different periods until this time. Messrs. Caldwell and Allison are requested to write to such acquaintance as they may judge proper in the maritime counties of North Carolina, for a more accurate account of the condition of those counties according to the view of the Convention. Dr. Rodgers is desired to write Mr. Tennent of Charlestown concerning the business 4(» MINUTES OF TIIH [1775. coniiiiittod to liiiii. ami (|iiickcniii_ij his perforniancu uf it. The Doctor is further to beg Mr. Teiiiieiit will address some capable persons in Georuia, to ae(juaiiit him coneerning the state of tliat jirovince, and transmit the result of liis iiKjuiries to us. Dr. Kodgers reports that irom certain inform- atinn, it ajipears there is yet no ecclesiastical constitution fixed there, nor any laws enacted affecting religious liberty in West Florida. The gentlemen appointed last year to furnish materials respecting the Jerseys having made no report to the Convention, Mr. Mc\Vhorter is desired to undertake and accomplish the matter. Dr. Kodgers reports that he has been prosecuting his investigations relating to the province of New York, and expects to have them completed for the inspection of the next Convention. Adjourned till o o clock, P. M. Concluded with prayer. The Convention met at 3 o'clock, 1*. M., according to adjournment. U. P. P. S. Q. S. Ordered that the Minutes of the last session be read. Mr. Goodrich having complied in part with his appointment, it is continued, and Mr. Bray is desired to inform him, that the Convention hope he w'ill be able to finish the l)usiness committed to him before the next meeting. Dr. Rodgcrs brought in a pa])er handed to him by a friend, containing an abstract of the ecclesiastical laws of Barbadoes with some remarks thereon. It is agreed that a particular history of the several Colleges on the con- tinent, should accompany the accounts drawn up respecting the provinces in which those institutions are erected. The Convention having received no answer from the Committee of Dis- senters in Jjngland, to the letters sent there the two preceding years, it is judged inexpedient to write them at this time. Adjourned to meet at Greenfield, in Connecticut, on the first Wednesday in 8ept. 1775. Concluded with prayer. 17 75. [Grenijiehl, Sept. 0, 1775.'] The Convention of delegates from the Consociated Churches of Connec- ticut, and the Synod of New York and Philadelphia, met at Greenfield, in Connecticut, Sept. G, 1775, according to adjournment l*resent. From the Synod of New York ainl Philadelphia, Bev. Messrs. Samuel Mills, Ichabod I>cwis. From Connecticut, Bev. Dr. Welles, Messrs. William Mackey Tennent, Samuel Lockwood, Daniel Brin.smade, Joseph Huntington, Jo.seph Strong, Robert Boss, Theodore Hinsdale, Fibenezer Baldwin. The Convention was opened by the Bev. Mr. Ijockwood, with a sern)on from Jer. i:{.l(;. The Bev. Mr. Mills was chosen Chairman, and Messrs. Baldwin and Lewis. Scribes. The session was opened with jirayer by the Chairman. The Minutes of the last Convention were ordered to be read. The Convention proceeded to make in((uiry concerning the aitpointments made and continued, the last Convention, to gain information respecting the j)rogreHs and present state of religious liberty in the several colonies. A full and accurate account respecting the colony of Connecticut was received from the Itev. Mr. (Joodrich ; also an account of the numbers of Episcopalians and Non-Episcopalians in that colony, sufficiently exact to answer the purposes of this Convention. The body are well jdeased with. 1775.] GENERAL CONVENTION 41 and thankfully notice tlie accuracy and diligence of Mr. Goodrich in this matter: however, if Mr. Goodrich should ever be able to complete his account of the numbers for the remaining towns, wuth the same accuracy he has those of which he has sent a particular account, it is desired he would send them to be added to the amount already received. xldjourned to 8 o'clock to-morrow morning, to meet at Mr. Tennent's. Concluded with prayer. Sej)(. 7, 1775. Sept. 7 : met according to adjournment. U. P. P. S. Q. S. The Minutes of the last session were read. The appointment of Mr. Halsey and Mr. Baldwin for the province of New Hampshire is continued, and Mr. Hunt- ington is joined with them. Mr. Ross acquainted this body that he had applied to Dr. Stiles, of New- port, for materials respecting Rhode Island— that he had received intelli- gence from the Doctor, that he had made considerable progress in his col- lection, but by reason of sickness and other difficulties, had been unable to complete it. Mr. Ross' appointment is continued, and he is desired to acquaint Dr. Stiles, that this body thankfully notice his assiduity in this matter, and desire he would perfect as soon as he conveniently can, the collection he has begun. Mr. Sproat's appointment for Pennsylvania is continued, and Dr. Duffield is joined with him. Whereas no returns have been made from the Rev. Messrs. Montgomery, Caldwell, Allison, Rodgers and McWhorter, their respective appointments are continued ; and they are desired to render their accounts as complete as possible by the next Convention. The Rev. Dr. Welles is desired to acquaint the above mentioned gentlemen, who are absent, of the continu- ance of their appointments, also by reason of the critical situation New York is in at present, to request of Dr. Rodgers, that he would transmit to Dr. Welles the several papers in his hands belonging to this Convention. The Convention are of opinion that it would be conducive to their general design, to obtain, in addition to their history of the rise and progress of religious liberty in the several colonies, accounts of the rise, progress and pres- ent state of the several religious sects in the different provinces and colonies. Accordingly the Rev. Dr. Welles is appointed to furnish such an account of the Episcopalians in New J]ngland ; the Rev. Mr. Huntington of the Sepa- ratists and Separate Baptists also, so far as their histories are connected together ; the Rev. Mr. Ross of the Baptists through the several colonies ; Mr. Baldwin of the Glassites or Sandemanians ; the Rev. Mr. Johnson of Lyme, of the Rogereens ; the Rev. Mr. Hinsdale of the Quakers in New England ; the Rev. Mr. Halsey of the Quakers to the southward of New England; the Rev. Mr. Duffield of the Moravians; the Rev. Mr. Cooper of the Menists or Menonists ; the Rev. Mr. Robert Smith, of Pequea, of the Mountainmen, Covenanters and Seceders ; the Rev. Dr. Rodgers of the Jews. Appointments for the other sects are deferred to the next Convention. The Chairman is desired to notify the several gentlemen above mentioned, who are not present, of their appointments. The gentlemen appointed to furnish accounts of the rise, &c., of religious liberty in the several colonies, are desired to add to their accounts the state of the several Colleges or seminaries of learning, in the respective colonies, as in the Minutes of the last Convention. The next meeting of the General Convention is appointed to be at Elizabethtown, on Wednesday, the 19th of Sept., 1776. Concluded with prayer. Note. — See for the termination of the Convention, pj). 14, 16. il MINUTES OF THE [1774. RELIGIOL'S EXHIBIT OF THE POPULATION OF CONNECTICUT IN 1774. BY KEY. ELIZUR GOODRICH, D.I). An Account of the numbur of Inliabitant.s in the Colony of Connecticut, Jan. 1, 1774; and an Estimate of the Proportion of Episcopalians to Non- Episcopalians in the same. County of Hartford. Towns. Ef.is. Non-Epis. Total. Bolton, 994 994 Chatham, 80 2289 2369 East Iladdam, 88 2655 2743 Entiikl, 1353 1353 Farinington, 244 5719 5963 Cilastenbury, 1992 1992 Had.lam, 23 ir)90 1713 Hartford, 111 4770 4881 Sini>;buiT, 914 2757 3671 Some IS, 1024 1024 SwfHeld, 1980 1980 Tolland, 5 1242 1247 Wetl.eistield, 6 3341 3347 Williiif^ton, 1000 1000 Colchester, 3057 East Windsor, 2961 Hebron, 2285 Mlddletown, 4680 Staflbrd, 1333 Windsor, Total 1471 2082 1 to 22 32806 50675 County • OF Neav Havkn. Towns. Epis. Non-Epis. Total. New Haven, 942 7080 8022 Bradford, 86 1852 1938 Derby, 725 1094 1819 Durham, (> 102.5 1031 (Juilford, 213 2033 2846 Milford, 153 1S12 1965 Wallin^ford, 626 41.")1 4777 Waterbury, 3498 ItoT Total 2751 19647 25896 COLTJTY OF New London. Towns. Epis. Non-Epis. Total. Preston, 221 2034 2255 (iroiot), 222 3266 3488 KilliiiKwoith, "m 1889 1957 Stoi)inj,'toii, 32 4924 4956 Saybrook, 33 2595 2628 New I>indon, 5366 Norwich, 7032 Lyme, Total "5% 3860 •1 to 25 14708 31542 1774.] GENERAL CONVENTION 43 County of Fairfield. Towns. Danbiiry, Greenwich, New Fairtield, Newtown, Norwalk, KetUling, Ridgetield, Stamford, Fairtield, Sti-atford, 10 to 34 Towns. Coventry, Pom fret, Killingly, Lebanon, Mansfield, Plainfield, Voliintown, Union, Canterbury, Ashford, Windham, Woodstock, 1 to 115 Epis. Non-Epis. 420 2053 443 2211 87 1201 1084 1084 792 3451 478 711 329 1344 710 2793 tal ' 4343 14848 County of Windham. Epis. Non-Epis 11 2021 55 2186 30 3409 36 3805 12 2431 1479 6 1470 512 Total 150 17313 County of Litchfield. Litchfield, Canaan, Cornwall, Hartland, New Hartford, Norfolk, Sali.sbnry, Sharon, Torrington, Barkhamsted, Colebrook, Goshen, Harwinton, Kent, New Milford, Westmoreland, Winchester, Woodbury, 1 to 16 Total 655 10600 Total. 2473 2654 1288 2168 4243 1189 1673 3503 4544 _5201 28936 Total. 2032 2241 3439 3841 2443 1479 1476 512 2392 2228 3437 1974 27494 :pis. Non-Epis. Total. 191 1318 1509 91 1482 1573 53 904 957 49 451 500 25 960 985 38 928 966 91 1845 1936 83 1903 1986 31 812 843 250 150 1098 1015 1922 2742 1922 327 5224 25944 As far as the accounts have been sent, the estimate of Episcopalians, &c., stands thus : Counties. Hartford County New Haven do New London do Fairfield do Windham do Litchfield do Epis. Non-Epis. Total. 1471 32806 50675 2751 19647 25896 596 14708 31542 4343 14848 28936 150 17313 27494 655 lorA-1 25944 Total 9966 119922 190487 44 iMINUTES OF THE GENERAL CONVENTION [1774. which gives 1 Episcopalian to 12 Non-Episcopalians nearly, or makes the Episcopalians about 1 in 13 of the whole nnmber of inhabitants ; and proliably there Wduld be no great difference from this proportion were the account of all the towns come in, which I hope soon to gain. Elizur Goodrich Durham, Sept. 5, A. D. 1774 INDEX. ADAMS, John, 6. Alison, Rev. Francis, D.D., 8, 10, 12, 13, 14, 17, 21, 22, 23, 26, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35. 36, 38, 39. letter of, 20. Alison, Rev. Patrick, 10, 13, 17, 21, 39. Allen, Mr. William, 21. "Annual Register," the, 21. Attendance urged, 15. Avery, Dr., of London, England, 24. BACON, Rev. John, 13. Baldwin, Rev. Ebenezcr, 16, 34, 35, 39, 40, 41. Ball, Rev. Eliphalet, 12, 21. Baltimore, Lord, 33. Baptists, 5, 21, 41, Barbadoes, 40. Bartlett, Rev. Nathaniel, 21, 31, 37. Beattv, Rev. Charles, 12, 13, 17, 18, 28, 31. Bellaniv. Rev. Joseph, D.D., 17, 18, 24, 29. Benedict, Rev. Noah, 28. Bishops, American, 5, 6, 23, 24, 28, 32, 38. agents to oppose, 33. dread of, 6, 38. and parliament. 6, 26, 33. petitions and efforts for, 19, 20, 21, 23. 26, 28, 31, 32, 33, 34, 36. powers, 6, 19, 21. as superintendents, not objected to, 5, 19, 20. Bishops' courts, 19. 20, 26. rights and powers. 21. Blair. Rev. John, 10, 12, 13, 17, 24, 25, 28. Boardman, Rev. Benjamin, 17. Bond, Benjamin, Jr., 35. Boston. Convention at, Resolves, 22. letter from convention in, 23. ministers in. 31. Presbytery of, 21, 26. Bowden. William. 34, 35. Brainerd, Rev. John, 12, 13, 14, 17, 24, 31, 32, 34. Bray, Rev. Thomas W., 34, 39. Brinsmade, Rev. Daniel, 40. Buel, Rev. Samuel, 10, 12, 13, 17, 21. CALDWELL, Rev. .Tames, 12, 13, 14, 24, 27, 28, 31, 32, 34, 37, 39. Calvinists, 7. Canada, 38. Canterbury, Archbishop of, 20, 21, 33. Carmichael, Rev. John, 13, 14, 17. Carolinas, the. corresjjondence with, 30. Case, Rev. Wheeler, 12. 13, 14, 24. Chairman, 17, 22, 24, 27, 28, 31, 34, 37, 39, 40. Champion, Rev. Judah, 31. Chandler, Dr. Samuel, 20, 21. Chapel Hall, New Haven, 11. Chapman, Rev. Jedediah, 13, 14, 17, 21, 31, 39. Chesnut, Rev. Benjamin, 14. Church and State, 6, 7, 33. Civil magistrate, power of, 7. Close, Rev. John, 12, 13, 14, 16, 24, 31, 34, 37. Cogswell, Rev. James. 21, 37. Colleges, history of, 40. statistics, 41. Colonial dependence, 26, 33. independence, 23. Colonies, Middle, 6, 26, New England, 6. separation of, 26, 33, 38. Southern, 6. • See, also, under Connecticut, etc. Commissions, absence of, 28. Committee, Dissenters, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38. Constitutions, reports, 39, 41, information, 31, 35, 37. statistics, 35, 39. Congregational churches, 12, 17, 18. Congregationalists, organization, 8. Connecticut, colony of, 5, 23, 24, 27, 35. associated churches of, 18, 24. associated pastors of, 21. Committee of Correspondence, 29, 30. Committee on Constitution, 32, 37. consociated churches of, I'roceedinqs, 10, 12, 17, 18, 25, 27, 39, 40. General Association of, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 14, 15, 37. laws, religious, 6. religious exhibit, 40, 42-44. Consociated churches. See Connecticut. Continental Congress, 8, 23. Cooke, Richard, 34. 35. Cooper, Rev. Robert, 12, 16, 41. Cornbury, Lord, 7. Correspondence, proposed, 10, 12, 18, 25. Committees, 23. 26, 27, 30. Cotton, Thomas, 28, 30, 31, 32, 34, 35. Courts, Bishops'. See Bishops. Covenanters, 41. Coventry, Conn., 24. Craighead, Rev. John, 13, 27. DAGGETT, Rev. Naphtali. 23. Davenport, Rev. John, 14. Davison. Rev. Robert, 14. Day, Rev. Jeremiah. 39. Declaration of Independence, 6, 8. Delegates, 10, 12, 13, etc. instructions to, 10, 12, 16. 45 4b INDEX. Dek'patos only to vote, 24. Deiiuiiiiiiations, liistories of, 41. Devotion, Ktv. Elu-nezer, 21, 22, Devotion, Kov. John, 21. Dickinson, Kt-v. Moses, 1.^, 31, 37. Diocesan IJisliojis. See ISUhopn. Dissenters. 2(», 23, 2o, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 34, .iTy, 36, 3S. Dorr, Rev. Edward, 21, 22, 23, 27. Dubert, Dennis, Esq., 23. Dullield, Kev. George, 12, 13, 14, 41. Duniiner, Gov. (Mass.), 24. Durham, Conn., 6. Dutch Keforiiied Churches, 18, 19. EDWARDS, Kev. Jonathan, 9. Eells. Kev. Nathaniel, 21, 23. Eel Is, Kev. Samuel, 39. Elizabethtown, X. J., 5, 11. 12, 13, 14, 16, 17, 22, 23, 27, 34, 30, .38, 41. Elmer, Kev. Jonathan, 17. England, Church of, 16. ministers in, 27. Episcopal clergy, dissenters, 30. government, .30. oppression, 30. petitions, 19, 20, 21, 23, 20, 28, 31, 32, 34, 3.5, 36. Episcoi)alians, 5, 38, 42. in New England, 41, 42. Episcopate, American. See Bishops. Establishments, Church, 7, 26, 30. Evving, Rev. John, 10, 12, 13, 14, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 28, 34. FAIRFIELD, Conn., 36, 37. Eastern and Western Districts, 31. Farrand, Kev. Daniel, 21. Field, David D., 6. Fin ley. Rev. James. 12. Fish, Rev. Joseph, 21, 23. Forster, Rev. William, 13, 34. Fowler, Kev. Amos, 31. French, James H., 34, 35. GENERAL ASSEMBLY, Presbyterian Church, 9. General Association. See Connecticut. General Convention, 5, 6, 10, 13. 14, 17, 21, 24. 27, 2<). 31. 34, 36, 37, 39, 40. appointment of, 5. basis of representation, 2.5. churches, 5. circular letter, 18. correspondence, 18, 19, 2.3. extension of, 31. members, 8. minutes. .5, 6, 12, 13, 18, acq. objects, 5, 18. places of meetijig, 5. l)laii, copy of, 2H. powers, 18. proposed letter, 19, reports, sub-committees, 5. rejire.sentatives to various Associations, 2f». General Svnod Presbvterian Clinrcli, Pro- cefdimif, .5, 8, 10, 11, 12. 15, 17, 21. 24, 2.'.; 27, 29, 31, 34, 37, 39, 40. overture, .5, 10. pastoral letter, 8. <3«orge I., 24. Georgia, province of. Committee on Laws, 32, 35, 38. correspondence, 30, 40. Episcopal oppression, 30. statistics. 40. Glassites, history of. 41. Gold, Kev. Hezekiah, 21. Goodrich, Rev. Elizur, D.D., 6,7, 17, 31, 32, 37, 44. Gospel, spread of, 9, 18. Graham, Kev. Chauncey, 12, 21. Great Britain, importance of colonies to, 20, 26. Green, Rev. Enoch, 17. Green, Rev. Jacob, 12, 14, 24. Greenfield, Conn., 5, 14, 40. Greenwich, Conn., 40. Guild, Rev. John, 17. Guilford, Conn., 5, 11. Gwatkin, Rev. Prof. Thomas, 32, 33. HACKNEY, England, 28. Hait, Rev. Benjamin, 12, 1.3, 14, 17, 21, 23, 37, 39. Halsey, Rev. Jeremiah, 13, 14, 28, 31, 32, 34, 35, 37, 39, 41. Hampton, Rev. John, 7. Hart, Rev. Asahel, 34. Hartford County North Association, 9, 31. Hartford Theological Seminary, 6. Hawley, Rev. Stephen, 28. Heathen on our borders, 10. Hen lev, Prof., .32. Hinsdale, Kev. Theodore, 31, 39, 40, 41. Hobart, Rev. Noah, 23. Horrax, Rev. Mr., 16, 33, 35. Horton, Rev. Azariah, 13, 17, 28. Hubbard, Rev. Mr., .30. Hunt, Edward, 34, .3.5. Hunt, Rev. James, 12, 1.3. Hunter, Rev. Andrew, 12, 14, 24. Huntington, Rev. Enoch, 21, 24. Huntington, Joseph, 37, 40, 41. rNDEPENDENCE, Declaration of, 6, 8. of colonies, 26, 3.3, 38. Indians, missionaries to, 30. Ingersoll, Rev. Jonathan, 27. Ireland, ministers in, 27. Irwin, Rev. Nathaniel, 14. JAMAICA, L. I.. N. Y., 11. Jerseys, the, 26. Jews, the, 41. Johnson, Rev. Mr., of Lyme, Mass., 41. Jones, Rev. Timothy, 10^ 12, 13, 17, 24. KENT, Rev. Elisha, 10, 12. Kerr, Rev. Jacob, 12, 13. Kijig, loyalty to, 1^, 20, 21. King, Kev. JoIdi, 13. Kirkpatrick, Rev. William, 12, 21, 24. LAND priinta in New Hampshire, 30. Lathrop, Kev. Klijah, 27. Laud, Arrhl.ishoi"), 19, 20. Laws, religious colonial, 5, 6. Sec, also, under names of Colonies. Leavenworth, K<:v. Mark, 21 Lee. Kt'V. Jonathan, .37. Ix'tters of Convention, 10, 11, 1.5, 18, 19, 20, 23, 25, 28, 29, 31, 32, 34, 35, 36, 38. 1 INDEX. 47 Lewin, Eobert, 34, 35. Lewis, Rev. Ichabod, 13, 14, 37, 40. Lewis, Rev. Thomas, 12, 13, 14, 21, 24. Liberty. See Religious liberty. Liberty l)ell, the, 7. Litchfield Co., Association of, 31. Lockwood, Rev. James, 21, 23. Lockwood, Rev. Samuel, 15, 16, 27, 37, 40. London, agent in, 29, 31, 34. Bishop of, 33. dissenting committee See Dissenters. " London Chronicle," 33. Loyalty. See King. Lucas, Thomas, Esq., 34, 35. McCLINTOCK, Mr., 39. McGregorv, Rev. David, 21, 22, 23. McWhorter, Rev. Alexander, 12, 13, 14, 17, 18, 21, 22, 23, 28, 32, 31, 37, 39. Maitland, Robert, 35. Majority vote, 25. Makemie, Rev. Francis, 7. Maltby, Rev. John, 32, 35. Marriage licenses, 21. Maryland, province of, 26, 35. clergy in, 32. committee on constitution, 32, 38, correspondence, 30. « House of Representatives, 33. petition to Governor of, 33. western shore, 39. Massachusetts, committee on laws, etc., 32, 35, 37. convention of the, 22, 23, 24. correspondence, 18, 22, 23, 24, 26. Mather, Rev. Moses, 24, 27. Mauduit, Jasper, Esq., 28, 30, 32, 34, 35. Mavhew, Dr., 20. Mead, Rev. Solomon, 12, 13. 21, 24, 27, 31. Members, admission of, 15, 24. Menonists, 41. Middletown, Conn., 15. Miller, Rev. John, 12. 13, 14. " Miller's Memoirs of Rodgers," 33. Mills, Rev. Jedediah, 27. Mills, Rev. Samuel, 13, 14, 37, 40. Mills, Rev. William, 12, 13, 14, 17, 24, 31, 34. Mitre, 21. Montgomery, Rev. Joseph, 12, 13, 14, 24, 31, 32, 34, 39. Moravians, 41. Morse's Annals, 6. Mountainraen, 41. NEW CASTLE, government, committee on laws, etc., 32. Newell, Rev. Samuel, 17, 18. New Hampshire, Association in, 22. New Hampshire, province, 18, 23, 26, 35. committee on laws, 32, 37. correspondence, 18, 23, 26, 29, 35. land grants, 30. New Haven, Conn., 5, 12, 13, 15, 18, 27. convention at, 24. New Haven Co., Association, 19, 20, 31. New Jersey, province of, committee on laws, 32, 35, 38, 40. committee on statistics, 40. correspondence, etc., 18, 21, 23, 27. Governor of, 21. New London County, Associations, 18, 25. New York aty, 10, 11. New York, province, committee on laws, etc., 32, 35, 37. correspondence, etc., 18, 21, 23, 26, 27. North Carolina, j)rovince, committee on laws, etc., 32, 35, 38. maritime counties, 39. North Haven, 29. Norwalk, Conn., 5, 13, 15, 30, 31. Notaries, 21. Nova Scotia, province, committee on laws, etc., 32, 35. statistics, 37. OXFORD, Bishop of, sermon, 34. PARLIAMENT, British, 6, 20, 21, 23, 26. Parsons, Rev. Jonathan, 21, 22, 23. Pennsylvania, commonwealth, correspond- ence, etc., 7, 18, 23, 27. province, committee on laws, 32, 35, 38. Perrv, Rev. Joseph, 27. Philadelphia, 27, 29. " Philadelphia Gazette," 32. Pitkin, Rev. Timothy, 21. Pomrov, Benjamin, 21. Prayer, closing, 17, 23, 27, 30, seq. opening, 17, 21, 24, 27, 31, seq. Presbyterian Board of Publication, 9. Presbyterian Church, colonial, 5, 7, 8, 17. pastoral letter, 1775, 8. religious liberty, 7. Presbyterian churches in New England, 18. Princeton College, 8, 9. Propagating the Gospel, Society for, 30, 34. Provost, Dr. Samuel, 20. QUAKERS, 20, 21, 41. RAMSEY, Rev. William, 12, 2L Read, Rev, Israel, 12, 14, 17, 39. Reading, Conn., 29. Religion, establishments of, 7, 26, 30. Religious constitutions, laws, statutes, charters. See Connecticut, etc. Religious liberty, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 23, 26, 28, 30, 32, 33, 34, 36, 37, 38. and Presbyterian Church, 7. Religious oppression, 30, 32. Revolutionary War, 5, 6. Rhode Island, colony, associate pastors of, 22. committee on laws, etc., 32, 35, 37. correspondence, etc., 18, 23, 26, 35. ministers in. 29. Rice, Rev. Willard M., D.D., 6. Ripley, Rev. Hczekiah, 34. Robbins, Rev. Philemon, 21. Robbins, Rev. Robert, .37. Rodgers, Rev. John, D.D., 8, 10-15, 17, 21, 23, 24, 26, 27, 30-34, 3()-39, 41. memoirs. 33. Roe, Rev. Azel, 13, 17, 21. Rogereens, 41. Rose, David, 14. Ross, Rev. Robert, 15, 17, 21, 25, 28, 30, 31, 32, .37, 40, 41. Euggles, Rev. Thomas, 11, 15. Russell, Rev. William, 21, 37. 48 INDEX. SANDEMANIANS. See Glassites. • Saylin.nk riatlorm," H. 9. Scotland, C'hurih of. reference, 9. correspiiiiileiiee, "JT. episcopal tlerf:v. ;30. .Scribes. 17. >>, 24, 27, 28. 31, 8eq. .Seceders. 41. .Seeker, Archbisluip. .32. Sermon. opeiiinK. 12. 16, 22, 27, seq. ordered printed, 22. thanks for, 22. Separatists. 41. Sewall, Joseph, 24. Sherwood, Rev. Samuel, 27, 39. Smallev, Rev. John, 24, 2.5. Small-pox, 11. Smith, Rev. Cotton Mather, 16, 34, 36, 37. .Smith, Rev. John. 10. Smith. Rev. Robert, 12, 24, 41. .Smith, .Samuel i London), 23. Smith, William. 20. 21. Soath Carolina, province, committee on laws, 32, 35, 38. ministers in, 27. So6£ikcFS 2-4. Spencer, Rev. Elihu, 10, 12, 13, 14, 37. Sproat, Rev. James. 13, 14, 17, 20, 21, 22. 27, 31. 32, 34, 39. .Stamford. Conn., 5, 14, 37. .Stamp act, 23. Standing or Stated Registers, 14, 16. duties, 27. reports, 31, 34. 37. Statistics. Episcopalians, 38, 42. sectarian, 3S. Stiles, Rev. Dr., of Newport, R. I., 41. Stockton, Mr.. 21. Strain, Rev. John. 13. Street, Rev. Nicholas, 27. .Strong, Rev. Joseph, 37. 40. Syno