8 
 
3 4- 2. 7 
 F85" 
 
ITnasmucb 
 
 
 t 
 
 h' 
 
 MARY H. FULTON 
 
 M.D., SC.D 
 
DR. AND MRS. FONG SEC AT THE TIME OF 
 THEIR MARRIAGE 
 
"INASMUCH' 
 
 EXTRACTS FROM LETTERS, JOUR- 
 NALS, PAPERS, ETC. 
 
 / 
 
 By 
 
 MARY H. FULTON, M.D., SC.D. 
 
 '8? 
 
 Published by 
 
 The Central Committee 
 
 ON THE United Study of Foreign Missions 
 
 West Medford, Mass. 
 
To 
 
 My Nephews and Nieces 
 
 IN 
 
 China and America 
 
 ''And as ye go, preach saying, 
 The Kingdom of Heaven is at hand. 
 Heal the sick, cleanse the lepers. 
 Raise the dead, cast out devils; 
 Freely ye have received, freely give." 
 Matthew 10:8 
 
 ''Inasmuch as ye have done it unto one of 
 these the least of my brethren, ye have done 
 it unto me." 
 
 Matthew 25:40 
 
Qontents 
 
 
 PAGE 
 
 Foreword - _ _ _ 
 
 4 
 
 Chapter I.— To the Heart of the Orient 
 
 7 
 
 Chapter 1 1. —Canton - 
 
 - 29 
 
 Chapter III.— The Hospital at Last - 
 
 - 50 
 
 Chapter IV.— Medical College and Nurses School 70 
 Chapter V. — Recognition and Progress - %7 
 
 Chapter VI.— The Closing Years - - 104 
 
Foreword 
 
 WHILE lingering in Pasadena this winter we 
 learned that a distinguished medical mission- 
 ary, Dr. Mary Fulton, whose work I had seen 
 in the Medical School in Canton, China, was living in 
 Pasadena. We hastened to make a pilgrimage to her 
 home where she is living with her brother, Dr. Albert 
 Fulton, and his wife. 
 
 CFDr. Mary Fulton had met with a serious accident 
 J which resulted in lameness and confined her to her 
 chair or bed. She met us, however, with her old vivac- 
 ity and charm, and we had a delightful afternoon. 
 
 I learned that she, with indomitable perseverance, 
 under many difficulties, was writing the story of 
 her Hfe and work in China for her nephews and nieces, 
 with no thought of publication. She allowed me to 
 read the manuscript which was gladly accepted with the 
 permission of the Central Committee on the United 
 Study of Foreign Missions, and which appears here 
 in this little book. Not to publish a valuable record of 
 one of the first of our women doctors to adventure in 
 medical missions in China would be a serious mistake. 
 
 CFDr. Mary Fulton laid great foundations, planning 
 J that when her work should cease the enterprise 
 should be carried on by Christian Chinese women doc- 
 tors whom she helped to train. She established this 
 first medical school for women in China, with the co- 
 operation of her own Woman's Foreign Missionary 
 Society of the Presbyterian Church. Funds were 
 
furnished by such friends as Mrs. Charles Turner, 
 David Gregg and E. A. K. Hackett. Dr. Fulton asso- 
 ciated with her able co-workers who now carry on the 
 school. Her graduates are scattered over China doing 
 remarkably good work. 
 
 Cfln addition to her medical work and the training of 
 J doctors Dr. Fulton has translated some of the most 
 valuable medical books, including "The Feeding and 
 Care of Infants" by Dr. Emmett Holt, and a book on 
 surgery. 
 
 CTAs Dr. Fulton rests after her forty years of toil her 
 J heart is continually with the work of the Hackett 
 Medical School in Canton. She has laid down her life 
 in the service, and prays now that others will be ready 
 to go and that many will be ready to give for the needs 
 of this institution. Surely, there are those with wealth 
 who might spare the comparatively small amount 
 needed to put this school on a permanent foundation 
 and enable the work of this brave woman to go on 
 until China has received the message of the Great 
 Physician from these Christian Chinese doctors and 
 nurses who are following in His footsteps. 
 
 I| The story is a thrilling one and through it all runs 
 J the thread of humor which enabled this brave 
 woman to ''carry on" through all discouragements. 
 We are glad to make it possible for women who study 
 China this year to review these interesting chapters. 
 Let us use the story as widely as possible in connection 
 with our study of China through Mrs. Gamewell's 
 book this year. 
 
 Central Committee on United 
 
 Study of Foreign Missions 
 
 Lucy W. Peabody, Chairman. 
 
Printed hy 
 
 North Shore Press, Inc. 
 
 Manchester, Mass. 
 
To the Heart of the Orient 
 
 En Route, From Ashland, Ohio To 
 Canton, China 
 
 Topeka, Kansas, 
 
 September 3, 1884. 
 
 MY DEAR MOTHER: 
 By this time you have, doubtless, received my 
 unsatisfactory postal-cards. Cousin Jennie will 
 
 tell you of our visit in Indianapolis. Mrs. W came 
 
 down to the station, bringing me a basket of fruit, a 
 bunch of exquisite roses. At Kansas City I parted from 
 Brother Harmon. On my arrival here Eugenia met me. 
 We have spent many delightful hours driving about 
 and talking over College days. Eugenia's older brother, 
 who has been four years in Europe, has just returned 
 to accept the Chair of Mathematics in Princeton. 
 
 6^. 6'. Tokio, 
 Pacific Ocean, 
 
 September 22. 
 Saturday, about three o'clock this steamer majes- 
 tically receded from the wharf, where a dozen friends 
 
 waved good-by to me. One was Miss G from Mills 
 
 Seminary who had sent to my state-room four baskets 
 
 7 
 
8 INASMUCH 
 
 of delicious grapes ; some of the bunches were a foot 
 long. There were also limes and lemons. I appreciated 
 them after two days sea-sickness. 
 
 The steamer is four hundred twenty- four feet long. 
 Its storage capacity is five thousand tons. Captain 
 Mowrey is Commander. When the Tokio was built 
 there were only one or two larger in the world. On 
 the Atlantic there are now several five hundred, or 
 more, feet long. 
 
 The present cargo is flour, seventeen thousand bar- 
 rels. The charge is one dollar a barrel for transporta- 
 tion. 
 
 All the servants are Chinese. The "maid", who at- 
 tends to our state-rooms, is a man. 
 
 The dining-room is large and pleasant. There are 
 twenty cabin passengers and many Chinese who are 
 returning to their native land. 
 
 It has been most pleasant for me to find amongst the 
 passengers, Mr. and Mrs. Shaw, missionaries returning 
 to Japan with their three bright boys. 
 
 We are experiencing rough weather. Great waves 
 occasionally break over the deck. Last night the ship 
 rolled so violently I could scarcely keep in my berth. 
 This morning in the middle of the floor lay pillows, 
 life-preserver, satchel, lemons, boxes, bundles, and the 
 carpet, which the trunks had dragged from the fasten- 
 ings, as they slid from side to side. 
 
 Sharks, sea-gulls, and an occasional far-off sail are 
 all the Hfe we have seen. So, alone we go rolling, 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 9 
 
 plunging, ploughing our way toward the eagerly 
 watched- for shore. Which reminds me, that 
 "My bark is wafted from the strand 
 
 By breath divine, 
 And on the helm there rests a hand 
 
 Other than mine. 
 One who has known in storms to sail 
 
 I have on board. 
 Above the raging of the gale, 
 
 I have my Lord. 
 He holds me when the billows smite; 
 
 I shall not fall. 
 If sharp, 'tis short; if long, 'tis light; 
 He tempers all." 
 After nineteen days of tossing over this vast ex- 
 panse of water, when there seemed nothing nearer than 
 the sky, we see in the distance the snow-crowned top 
 of Fuji-San, Japan, thirteen thousand feet high. 
 
 On an island at our left, is the active volcano of 
 
 Oshima. The clouds of rising smoke are plainly visible. 
 
 Fishing- junks begin to appear. On our right are the 
 
 terraced hills of the coast. Now we are entering the 
 
 bay at Yokohama. 
 
 "Our boisterous entrance seems like an intrusion on 
 sleeping Asia." 
 
 212 Bluff, Yokohama. 
 It was shocking to be drawn through the streets by 
 a practically unclothed human being (save for a narrow 
 strip of cloth). The jinricki-sha resembles a baby- 
 
10 INASMUCH 
 
 carriage. Mr. S kindly gave directions for my 
 
 being taken out to Miss Crosby's school up here on the 
 bluff. The school has been established thirteen years. 
 About sixty young ladies are at present receiving in- 
 struction. They appear polite, gentle and happy. Some 
 speak English fluently. It was delightful to hear them 
 singing our hymns v^^hen they assembled for worship. 
 
 Mrs. Hepburn drove over. I accompanied her to 
 her home where I met Dr. and Mrs. Happer who are 
 returning to Canton. 
 
 Dr. Hepburn has been in Japan twenty-five years. 
 He gave up his medical work in order to devote his 
 time to the translation of the Scriptures into Japanese. 
 
 China Sea. 
 
 We are fast flying toward Hong Kong with all our 
 ''ship's wings" spread to the breeze. 
 
 Hong Kong, China. 
 
 Victoria, on the island of Hong Kong, is beautiful 
 for situation. As we slowly steamed into the harbor 
 where were ships from all over the world, we could 
 note the fine, substantial residences of the British, built 
 along the smooth roads that wind around the sides 
 of the island up to its summit, nineteen hundred feet 
 high. Later, we found this height made easily accessible 
 by tram-cars. The island is about twenty-seven miles 
 in circumference. It has a small park which is fine 
 and valuable, with its palms, strange trees, flowers, 
 fountains and shaded walks. 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 11 
 
 You remember the advice, **See Naples and die." To 
 that I should add, "Not until you have seen Hong 
 Kong where you will wish to spend the remainder of 
 your life." 
 
 When riding in a jinricki-sha pulled by a man, I 
 thought it the greatest of novelties, but I found a 
 greater one when I was placed in a sedan chair, deftly 
 raised from the ground by two stalwart Chinese and 
 borne swiftly from the wharf to the home of one of the 
 London missionaries. 
 
 Here I learned that the day before a riot had occurred 
 occasioned by the Chinese refusing to work for the 
 French. When the latter tried compulsion, the Chinese 
 stoned them. A new missionary who had just arrived 
 from England was caught in the fray and severely in- 
 jured. 
 
 Annam had been a tributary state to China. When 
 trouble arose between it and France, Annam besought 
 China's help. In 1884 the Chinese "regulars" fought 
 the French in Tonking, thus involving China in war. 
 Hence the ill-feeling and riot. 
 
 Pearl (Canton) River. 
 The trip up the river from Hong Kong to Canton, 
 ninety miles distant, occupied about eight hours. A 
 thousand Chinese were on board. The times must be 
 turbulent. A man stood all day at the hatch-way with 
 a drawn sword, ready to strike down the first Chinaman 
 forcing his way up on the deck. In the dining-room 
 were numbers of stacked guns. 
 
12 INASMUCH 
 
 The river was so filled with torpedoes that we had to 
 take on a pilot to guide us through them. The scenery 
 was refreshing. There are vast rice fields, banana, 
 banyan, peach and li-chi trees. 
 
 I saw my first pagoda as we neared Whampo, twelve 
 miles from Canton. From the city itself, two more 
 loomed into sight. Dr. Happer told me there are about 
 two thousand in China. They were introduced from 
 India in connection with Buddhistic faith and are 
 supposed to bring down good luck upon the near city or 
 town and to ward off evil influences. They are from 
 three to thirteen stories in height ; always an odd num- 
 ber. 
 
 As we slowly steamed past the four miles of river 
 frontage, Canton seemed to be simply a mass of monot- 
 onous houses of the same height ; windowless ; red tile- 
 roofs without chimneys. On the banks are tiny houses 
 built on poles, home of the boat-people. 
 
 A small island called Shameen, where the British and 
 French reside, appeared refreshingly attractive as the 
 residences showed amidst the abundant foliage 
 
 Canton, China. 
 When the boat anchored. Brother Albert met me. 
 Soon we reached his house across the canal. The "new 
 sister" came flying down the crooked stairs and gave 
 me a cordial welcome. Then she and Albert proudly 
 conducted me to the room in wdiich baby Edith lay fast 
 asleep on the ahmah's (nurse's) shoulder. Florence 
 then conducted me over the quaint house and to my 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 13 
 
 room. On the walls were a huge spider and a lizard. 
 Florence remarked that the spiders were useful in catch- 
 ing the mosquitoes, and the lizards ate the spiders ! 
 
 It has been delightful to meet our missionaries, our 
 Consul, our officers from the gun-boats, the wives of 
 the merchants who live on Shameen, etc. I am surprised 
 to find so mau}^ charming people in this part of the 
 world. 
 
 As Dr. Mary Niles is the only other lady physician 
 in this province I was keenly anxious to meet her. She 
 kindly called and invited me to the Canton Hospital to 
 some important operations. Here I met Dr. John Kerr, 
 famous as a surgeon. He is in charge of this hospital, 
 the largest in China. There is room for about three 
 hundred patients. No charge is made for those too 
 poor to pay. Over twenty thousand out-patients are 
 treated during the year, and two thousand operations 
 performed. 
 
 A few days ago Dr. Niles asked me to accompany 
 her to the home of one of her patients. A woman 
 physician means much to the women of China, as 
 they refuse to allow a man to attend them. This pa- 
 tient was the first wife of the treasurer, who has the 
 third highest rank in the province. The official res- 
 idence, called a "yamen", is within the inner walled 
 city. The walls which are twenty feet thick, and thirty- 
 five or forty feet high, have twelve gates, through one 
 of which we passed. The yamen itself covers an acre 
 or more of ground. 
 
 After passing through courts, halls, passages, we 
 
14 INASMUCH 
 
 finally were ushered into *'Madam's" room. As she 
 and her daughters, who were present, spoke only Man- 
 darin, Doctor went to the door and spoke to the inter- 
 preter, who spoke to the Treasurer who spoke to the 
 daughter who then went to the bedside and spoke to 
 the mother. When we had finished our examination, 
 ieft directions, etc., we were invited to partake of re- 
 freshment with the Treasurer and Mr. Tsai, the Inter- 
 preter. This was to be considered a great honor, as 
 men never eat with the women. They were polite and 
 entertaining, giving us, when we left, our fee, wrapped 
 in red paper, proffered with both hands accompanied 
 by a bow. It is the custom to pay a doctor when he 
 finishes his call. If his further services are wanted, a 
 messenger is sent to call him. 
 
 A round coin with a hole in the center is called a 
 cash and is used for making small purchases ; for larger 
 ones broken silver is used. Each person has scales and 
 the price of the article bought is weighed out from bits 
 of silver. Wanting to pay out fifty cents one day I ran 
 down to the kitchen and asked the cook for the change. 
 He took the round silver Mexican dollar, laid it on a 
 stick of wood seized a nearby hatchet and cut it in two, 
 handing me, thus, the fifty cents I needed. 
 
 I have made a beginning in this most difficult lan- 
 guage. I am proud to say I can count ten. Does this 
 sound like "language"? Yat, E, Saam, Sz, Ng, Luk, 
 Tsat, Pat, Kau, Shap. Just to speak the words 
 would be easy; the difficulty lies in tones. Some are 
 pronounced in a higher key than others. Some are 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 15 
 
 aspirated, some are not. In three years one is supposed 
 to be ready for work, but five are considered not too 
 long to allow one before he feels "at home" in the use 
 of it. 
 
 Last week I accompanied Albert to Sz Pai Lau, one 
 of his preaching chapels. As we entered the walled 
 city through the ''Beautiful Virtue Gate", the soldiers 
 crowded around our chairs to ascertain whether we 
 were French spies or not. In fluent Chinese, Albert 
 convinced them we were on a peaceful errand ; thus we 
 were allowed to proceed. 
 
 The chapel is on a narrow, crowded street. In the 
 rear of the building is a boys' school. All were study- 
 ing aloud when we entered. To show the teacher how 
 diligent he is, each tries to shout louder than those near 
 him. When reciting to Albert, after having handed him 
 a book, the boy turned his back to him, then repeated 
 page after page of Scripture without hesitation or mis- 
 take. 
 
 During a recent riot, some of the Christians living 
 here were carried to prison on account of their religious 
 beHef. At the same time the Foreigners (all national- 
 ities other than Chinese are spoken of by this name) 
 living on Shameen had to go out to the gun-boats. 
 There, some could see their houses burning. 
 
 As we returned through the packed thoroughfares 
 they did not seem like streets, but dark aisles. One has 
 a sensation of holding the breath, until at the next cor- 
 ner surely, one will come out onto a broad, light street ; 
 but none appears. Our chair coolies shout "make way" 
 
16 INASMUCH 
 
 but other burden bearers are shouting the same, some 
 coming, some going. For miles we worm our way 
 through this surging mass of humanity. Very seldom 
 do we see a woman. Many gentlemen are seen quietly 
 entering the shops. I can scarcely think of them as 
 men on account of their long braid of hair hanging down 
 to the edge of their long silk dress (called a shaam). 
 Their shoes are of embroidered silk or satin. Many of 
 them carry a bird in a good-sized bird cage, much as a 
 woman at home takes about her dog. 
 
 One of the most noticeable things at the end of 
 certain streets are the piles of refuse. The garbage 
 from the vicinity is all dumped on this heap until it is 
 so high the top can no longer be reached. 
 
 At church it was painful to see many women hob- 
 bling in on bound feet. Some hurt so when they stand 
 or walk that their ah-mahs carry them on their backs 
 up the church aisles. 
 
 January 1, 1885. 
 
 It did not seem like Christmas with the doors wide 
 open, trees green, and flowers blooming. 
 
 Dr. Niles and I visited the Wesleyan hospital at Fat 
 Shan, twelve miles distant. Recently, a powder mag- 
 azine exploded in this city when one hundred and twenty 
 were killed. Many of the wounded were carried to the 
 hospital and were grateful for the skillful treatment 
 they were receiving. The Chinese know nothing of 
 rational medicine. Mud would be just as quickly 
 
DR. DAVID GREGG 
 
MR. E. A. K. HACKETT 
 Friend and Benefactor 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 17 
 
 applied to a sore as anything else. They give large 
 bowlfuls of nauseous remedies. 
 
 Sunday evenings we go down the river to "church", 
 held in Dr. Kerr's residence. The missionaries take 
 turn in preaching. The last one gave us a fine sermon 
 from the text, "My times are in Thy hands." 
 
 April 4th. 
 
 This is the rainy season. It does not pour steadily 
 for a couple of months ; but after a few days of rain, 
 there may be several pleasant days, then rain again. 
 Although Canton is very near the Tropic of Cancer I 
 do not find the climate too warm. 
 
 Last week I attended a Chinese wedding. The bride 
 was carried in the regulation red chair to the house of 
 the groom, arriving at six in the evening. On her en- 
 trance, the groom walked to the back of the room, 
 stepped onto a stool, and turned his face to the wall. 
 (They had never seen each other). The bride's dress 
 was red and blue silk with tiny tinkling bells around 
 the bottom. From the high, gaudy head-dress hung 
 long strings of white beads, which screened the face. 
 With her hands clasped before her face — the flowing 
 sleeves serving as a veil — she bowed to each person 
 in the room. 
 
 Macao, April. 
 
 Our Sanitorium, Santa Sancha, is on this island, 
 
 owned by Portugal. It is forty miles from Hong Kong 
 
 and ninety from Canton. It is a quiet place for study. 
 
 I am now trying to read the New Testament in Can- 
 
18 INASMUCH 
 
 tonese. There are forty thousand strange, complex 
 characters. I was told I would need to know well only 
 about THREE THOUSAND ! 
 
 The houses in this quaint city are painted blue, pink, 
 yellow, etc. At the end of the Praya (the broad avenue 
 on the ocean) is a pretty little park. Edith is fond of 
 going there to watch the birds, and monkey, and play 
 about on the flower-bordered walks that wind in and out 
 amongst the myriads of white lilies and rare plants. 
 
 There is a wooded, quiet place called **Camoen's 
 Gardens", so named for the author of "The Lusiads", 
 the famous Portuguese poem written in Macao. Near, 
 is the English chapel and the old cemetery in which 
 the first Protestant missionary, Robert Morrison, is 
 buried. He died in Canton in 1834. 
 
 Hong Kong. 
 
 One of the missionaries kindly placed at our disposal 
 his house here while he was away for a month. 
 
 Owing to disastrous floods in the country many people 
 are starving. A fund was raised by the foreigners and 
 influential Chinese to aid them. Albert and other mis- 
 sionaries have gone to distribute rice, which they took 
 in large boatloads. 
 
 The Chinese are having processions with noise of 
 drums, stacks of fire-crackers to ward off cholera. 
 
 As there is not a missionary in the province of 
 Kwong-Sai, with its eight millions of inhabitants, we 
 think we should try to start work there. It was here 
 the great *Tai Ping Rebellion" broke out. The people 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 19 
 
 are from many dififerent tribes, and appear hostile. At 
 Kwai Ping, four hundred miles from Canton, on one 
 of his itinerating tours, Albert succeeded in renting a 
 small house. With the aid of medicine, he thinks we 
 may gain a foothold in the city. 
 
 Canton. 
 The boat, called a **ho-tau", is anchored in front of 
 our house. The servants are busy carying to it the 
 things we shall need for the trip to the next province. 
 
 Ho-tau, West River, 
 We have passed over the first sixty miles, just now 
 leaving the beautiful "Shiu Hing Pass". Our progress 
 is slow against the current. Sometimes the **fo-kies" 
 use the oar where the banks are steep and high ; at other 
 times the boat is pulled by ropes as the men walk along 
 the river's edge. We, Albert, Florence, Edith and I, 
 also walk along the shore when tired of the ho-tau. We 
 pass fields of rice, corn, sugar-cane, sweet-potatoes, 
 peanuts and mulberry. The enclosed flower is a wild 
 lime blossom. We noticed a row of substantial, new 
 brick houses which, we were told by the men, had been 
 built several years but no one would live in them be- 
 cause they were "haunted". 
 
 Kwong-Sai Province. 
 
 Above Ng Chau, on West River. 
 
 Wu-Chau (Cantonese, Ng Chau) was formerly the 
 
 capital of this "Broad West" (meaning of Kwong Sai) 
 
 province. Although its borders extend to Annam, and 
 
 this river with its branches makes its districts accessible, 
 
20 INASMUCH 
 
 it has seldom been even visited by foreigners. Perhaps 
 it is not so difficult to understand, when we recall that 
 the whole empire from 1851 to 1865 was disturbed by 
 the **Great Peace" (Tai Ping) Rebellion, and great 
 numbers of people were killed. It has not been many 
 years that business has been able to assume its normal 
 sway and not, therefore, to be wondered at that the 
 population is still somewhat afraid and suspicious. Not 
 only, during the past few years, have missionaries been 
 stoned from Ng Chau, but the Mandarin who tried to 
 protect them was stoned. 
 
 At **Tung-In" the magistrate came, in great state, 
 to visit us. All the village turned out to see him in his 
 "official robes", and us, the ''Foreign Devils". A red 
 canopy was carried before him while a gong sounded 
 in order that his way might be clear. He was very 
 polite ; seemed interested in all we showed him and was 
 pleased with the stereopticon views we presented. He 
 was delighted with Edith, who now says a few words 
 in Chinese. To her he gave two silver (Mexican) dol- 
 lars; to us, two ducks, two chickens, tea and "rock- 
 candy". We appreciated his attention. He wore a 
 long green "sham" (loose coat) over which was a silk 
 gauze lined with plum-colored silk. A long string of 
 beads marked his rank, as did also the "feather in his 
 cap." 
 
 Kwai-Ping, 
 September 7th. 
 Just eighteen days coming these four hundred miles! 
 This city of about twenty thousand is located at the 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 21 
 
 junction of two rivers, in a fertile valley at the base of 
 a low mountain range. 
 
 We anchored above the city and stepped ashore. 
 Never before had a white woman, nor a white baby 
 been there. When the news of our arrival was "noised 
 abroad", many came hurrying to the river's bank to see 
 us. Upon learning that I had medicine each one present 
 wanted treatment. Just to dissipate prejudice I in- 
 vestigated twenty of them. We then thought it wise to 
 go up the river to a more retired spot. But neither 
 distance nor our desire for privacy had any deterrent 
 effect in diminishing the number that followed us. 
 
 Around the bend of the river is a place called "Big 
 Ditch Mouth", so called because a small stream from 
 the mountains wends its way across the plain, and at 
 this point empties into the river. The ho-tau is shaded 
 by trees along the bank. We followed a winding path 
 which led to a hamlet of five houses — four of which 
 were mud, one of brick. The people were friendly 
 toward us. 
 
 In one of the houses was a small boy, a cripple, 
 emaciated and so weak he could scarcely raise his tiny 
 hand. I began treating him and others who came out 
 from the city. As the child grew better the father was 
 so grateful that he said he would rent us the brick house 
 which was just finished. This was joyful news indeed. 
 
 A deputy from the magistrate called, bringing two 
 ducks, two chickens, four packages of flour (made from 
 a vegetable) and four parcels of dead snails. We were 
 glad of this official recognition. 
 
22 INASMUCH 
 
 One morning, a Mandarin, one of the highest miUtary 
 officials in the province, sent for me. In a previous 
 battle between the French and Chinese, "Tung Tai Yan" 
 (name and title) had received a gunshot wound above 
 the knee. I hesitated about going, but since the province 
 was notoriously hostile ; all foreigners looked upon with 
 suspicion; war with an "outside nation" only just over; 
 Mandarin so high in rank, it seemed wisest to answer 
 the call. Moreover, if the so-called "Gentry" trusted 
 us, the fears of the "common people" would be more 
 easily allayed. After probing the wound and removing 
 some necrosed bone, I advised the General to go to the 
 Canton hospital where Dr. John Kerr would give him 
 the best of care. As a deep incision had to be made, 
 the after treatment was important. 
 
 The Judge has sent for me, as has also another offi- 
 cial, and one of the "gentry." 
 
 The past two or three days I treated two hundred 
 having "divers diseases" — the lame, blind, dumb and 
 "those possessed with a devil" (the insane). 
 
 Saturday, soldiers from the Mandarin brought a red 
 satin banner, eight feet long, three feet wide, bordered 
 with tiny mirrors set on silver embroidery. The fringe 
 was of different colored silk tassels. The characters 
 (answering to our letters) were in black velvet. In the 
 flowery language of the Chinese it said "Western god's 
 Skill"— "Dr. Fulton's great abiHty"— "Major General 
 Tung requires the favor of medical aid". This was 
 presented while two hundred fire-crackers were explod- 
 ing. There were also presented nine chickens, nine 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 23 
 
 ducks, two hams and two cans of tea. 
 
 When *Taam Saam" offered to rent to us, Albert 
 asked the General if it would be all right for us to move 
 in. He said, "Yes, take it." Often, when a man rents 
 to a foreigner, not only is the renter driven out, but the 
 owner's house is burned. For this reason one hesitates 
 to rent even the smallest house in the most out-of-the- 
 way place. 
 
 September 20th. 
 
 Our new residence consists of two long rooms about 
 forty-five feet in length ; one front, one back, separated 
 by an open court, and on the sides connected by two 
 small rooms, one of which I use as a dispensary. A side 
 door opens into the court; large, barn-like doors open 
 into the front room. The floors are mud, and there 
 are no windows, no ceilings ; the roof is of hard baked 
 clay tiles. The "front lawn" is the threshing floor where 
 the rice straw is thrown down for the buffaloes to tramp 
 on as they are driven round and round over the loosely 
 scattered bundles, thus setting free the kernels. The 
 owner of the house stipulated that we were not to disturb 
 the shrine in the back room, which he designed the 
 "Ancestral Hall". Also, one of the back rooms, parti- 
 tioned off from the Hall, where he was to store his rice. 
 
 Soon we had in floors, ceilings, partitions, and high 
 up in Albert's room and in my room we had a window 
 two feet square. A bamboo fence enclosed the threshing- 
 floor front yard, where Edith played with her "kautsai", 
 a small fluffy puppy one of the Chinese had given her. 
 
 To our further delight we were able to rent two 
 
24 INASMUCH 
 
 rooms in one of the mud houses. One I used for a 
 dispensary, the other for a "hospital". It was crowded 
 when I had put in five bed-boards. (The native bed 
 is of smooth boards laid on tressels.) 
 
 On Florence's account we are thankful that (in her 
 present state of health) she can have more privacy from 
 the curious throngs of patients. It seems quite luxu- 
 rious to have a room to myself. I also have some 
 checkered cloth I was able to buy in Kwai-Ping, which 
 I have made into a curtain, for which, Doctor said, I 
 must be reported to the Board for extravagance. For a 
 mattress I found some unbleached muslin out of which 
 I made a tick, stuffing it with rice straw. This I placed 
 on the native bed-boards. After I had "made up" the 
 bed with its white counterpane, placed matting on the 
 floor, arranged my books, sawed off the legs of a Chinese 
 table making a low study and reading table of it (cov- 
 ering it with a cloth matching my curtain), it appeared 
 after the crowded, public life for so many weeks on the 
 ho-tau, quite secluded and attractive. 
 
 The middle room is the reception-room, the parlor, 
 the dining-room, the nursery, the general passage-way ; 
 at night, the bed-room for Edith and her amah. 
 
 When Dr. Kerr and the ho-tau left us we felt "our 
 bridges were burned." As there was "much land to be 
 possessed" each one threw himself whole-heartedly into 
 the work. Albert was everywhere preaching to the 
 villagers, to those from the city, to the crowds coming 
 from beyond the mountains, to those he met and to 
 those who came to visit. 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 25 
 
 Florence not only talked to the women but started 
 to teach the villagers to read one of the Gospels. Be- 
 sides, she had to attend to all the cooking to insure 
 that the cook did things in a cleanly and orderly man- 
 ner. As we could get no meat we had to have chicken 
 in its place. Our meals conformed to the Chinese in 
 point of time ; i. e. breakfast about nine and dinner about 
 four. Between these hours is the busy part of the day. 
 
 The two chickens cooked at noon also furnished 
 enough for breakfast. Please do not imagine these the 
 size of the fine fat chickens at home. They are scarcely 
 grown. In American money they cost about fifteen 
 cents apiece. Besides planning, trying to teach, 
 Florence had much sewing to do, and knit all of Albert's 
 and Edith's winter stockings. When we were extra good 
 she rewarded us with doughnuts ! 
 
 Dr. Leung Kin Cho, whom Dr. Kerr left to attend 
 to men patients not only did so, but helped with the 
 preaching all day, as did my assistant, another trained 
 by Dr. Kerr, Mrs. Mui Ah-Kwai. (Mui meaning Plum, 
 and Kwai, valuable). And "Valuable" she was! She 
 knew just how to talk to the unlettered women. As I 
 was "learning to talk" I had to do most of my evan- 
 gelistic work through medicine. However, when the 
 sick and the lepers came for treatment, and I did all 
 in my power for them, I recalled that in Matthew, tenth, 
 eighth verse, Christ said, "Heal the sick, cleanse the 
 lepers." 
 
 The telegraph operator at Kwai Ping has been very 
 kind. He came from the north where he learned (?) 
 
26 INASMUCH 
 
 English as shown in the following note. 
 
 "Our office has person got sickness in their body ; 
 
 please can you come up to our office to see it? 
 
 That I will oblige to you; if not, then we will 
 
 come to you. Please give me answer." 
 
 Telegraph Operator. 
 This was accompanied by two ducks, five pumelos, a 
 can of tea, a box of cake and one of lily root. 
 
 We would rather the people would not bring us even 
 the smallest gift. We want them to realize we seek 
 not theirs, but them. We found, however when we tried 
 to refuse acceptance that it only hurt their feelings. 
 One patient whom I had attended in the city sent two 
 ducks, two chickens, and a black goat. Another, 
 chickens, ducks, doves, flour, condensed milk, cakes 
 and two bottles of wine. This last gave us an opportu- 
 nity to get in some temperance talk. 
 
 One grateful patient sent as token of her gratitude 
 a huge buffalo and her calf. These buffaloes '*are heav- 
 ily built oxen" used for hauling, plowing etc., but dif- 
 ferent from the American bison in that they have no 
 hump on the shoulders. As tigers infest this region 
 the buffaloes are driven into the house at night. Also 
 the pigs. A tiger came one evening and leaped in 
 where the pig was kept, seized it and fled toward the 
 mountains. It meant a serious loss to the owners as 
 they depend on the proceeds from selling the pig to buy 
 their clothing for the year. 
 
 I attended the woman owner of the pig, in her room 
 where there were seven buffaloes standing in a row, 
 
TO THE HEART OF THE ORIENT 27 
 
 v/ith only a bamboo rail between them and myself where 
 I was caring for a child just born. The cattle at first 
 were as afraid of me as I was of them. I feared a 
 stampede. The door was closed and opened inward. 
 The women spoke to them and soon, fortunately, they 
 were quiet. The next morning I went to visit my pa- 
 tients after all the cattle had been driven out to work 
 and found the mother in the back yard. When I in- 
 quired for the little girl she said she "had thrown *it' in 
 the river." Upon further questioning I found this was 
 the fifth girl thus disposed of. She said she had no 
 rice to bring her up on. 
 
 The superstition of the people is great. We have to 
 be careful of every word and movement. Should we 
 stop to read the inscription on a gravestone we would 
 be accused of wanting to rob graves. Many believe 
 we take children's eyes for medicine. Others have in- 
 quired how far we could see into the ground. 
 
 A poor shoemaker came to the dispensary. He had 
 been blind for two years. I told him I should have to 
 operate but he would have to remain here at least a 
 week. As he was willing I made ready my tiny mud 
 hospital. It had been thoroughly cleaned and white- 
 washed. I placed him, after operation, on new bed- 
 boards and sent him daily, proper food. When I re- 
 moved the bandages and he could see, a happy man was 
 he. But no happier than I. It was my first operation 
 for cataract. I had seen it skillfully performed in 
 Philadelphia, but to do it alone, hundreds of miles from 
 another doctor, was difl:erent. However, he "noised it 
 
28 INASMUCH 
 
 abroad" and many blind came. One morning thirty 
 appeared. They could not understand why I could 
 not restore sight to all blind if I could to one. One man, 
 in a bamboo hammock **borne of four" had been six 
 days on the journey. 
 
 Our home letters, written last August, have just been 
 brought in. It will take two months now for your 
 letters to reach us. 
 
 One of the boys of the village, fourteen years of age, 
 was married last week. The bride of sixteen arrived 
 from a neighboring hamlet in the regulation red chair. 
 As she was about to enter the groom's house, burning 
 paper was cast down before her ; to step over this, with- 
 out setting fire to her clothes was to insure "good luck". 
 Safely in the room, she and the groom knelt, and nine 
 times touched their foreheads to the floor before the idol, 
 then nine times before the boy's father. 
 
 After two cups of wine had been mingled, and each 
 drank of it, the groom rose and with a closed fan struck 
 the bride three sharp blows on her head (to show she 
 must be meek and submissive). 
 
 Three days later, I saw her bare-footed, sullen- 
 appearing, pitching straw. Her boy-husband was also 
 there, so I suppose it was all right. 
 
II 
 
 Canton 
 
 January 1886. 
 
 THROUGH the clear, pleasant weather we have 
 been so busy and happy we scarcely thought of 
 the approach of "rainy season". Beautiful roses 
 have been blooming in the fields around us all winter. 
 Every morning we gathered bouquets ; frequently we 
 brought in branches of the white rose. These not only 
 made the house fragrant with their sweet perfume, but 
 helped to cover up the bare walls. 
 
 Now the cold rains have come. Work is scarcer for 
 some workmen. One thought to increase his income a 
 little by offering to sell me a huge snake for medicine. 
 He had sewed its mouth. Its head was as large as his 
 hand by which he held it while the body coiled round his 
 arm. Price, two dollars. 
 
 The idea of using parts of this reptile for medicinal 
 purposes is due to the fact that a serpent being "wise", 
 imparts to those who eat of it a large share of wisdom. 
 The claws of a tiger are used to "make one brave". A 
 man brought me one, supposing I should be glad to 
 make a tonic of it for my patients. Some workmen 
 bought the snake and ate it for dinner. 
 
 The cold weather continues. As we can get neither 
 stoves nor shoes, and our supplies will not arrive for 
 
 29 
 
30 INASMUCH 
 
 several weeks, we keep warm by adding more clothing. 
 We get enough amusement, however, out of each others' 
 appearance to compensate for any inconvenience. I 
 have on three pairs of hose and three jackets. Albert 
 wears one shoe of one kind and one of another. The 
 side of one is entirely out ; over this, when he goes out, 
 he wears a rubber. The sides of Florence's shoes are 
 out, the soles off from mine and the toes out of Edith's. 
 
 Chinese Nezv Year. 
 
 All the shops are closed, houses ornamented with gay 
 strips of paper, shrines lighted all day with many can- 
 dles and tens of thousands of fire-crackers everywhere 
 are being exploded. Business ceases for weeks. 
 
 The day before New Year's a thief was caught steal- 
 ing from a gun-boat. The captain instantly cut off his 
 ear — -at least cut it so that it hung by only a tiny portion 
 of the lobe. He hurried over to our dispensary and 
 I sewed it on and now he is all right. Had the result 
 not been satisfactory he would have been branded as 
 a thief for the remainder of his life. 
 
 While waiting for our supplies, Florence has the 
 "boy" (name throughout China for house servant no 
 matter of what age) beat up buffalo cream for butter. 
 For sugar, she clarifies the native production. We are 
 making "soft soap". The people here use a kind of sand 
 for washing their hands. Their clothes they pound 
 clean on flat rocks. 
 
 I greatly feel the need of a hospital. Without it I 
 can undertake no serious operations. I have operated 
 
CANTON 31 
 
 about thirty times on the eye, removed small tumors and 
 done other minor operations. Should anyone who had re- 
 ceived treatment from me, die, there might be grave 
 trouble. The report would quickly circulate that *The 
 Foreign Devil was killing women." The necessities of 
 the case, therefore, being so urgent, you will be glad to 
 learn that we have purchased a site not far from where / 
 
 we now are. It is somewhat higher ground, surrounded 
 by the feathery bamboo. We have planned the hospital 
 and until we can build a dwelling-house we will live in 
 rooms in the end looking toward the mountains. 
 
 Everyone seems pleased to have us here and are appar- 
 ently doing all in their power to help. One man built a 
 bridge over the **Big Ditch Mouth" stream that runs 
 between us and Kwai Ping. The Customs House would 
 take no duty for the large beams brought up the river. 
 
 February, 1886. 
 
 Our Consul sent to us the following : 
 
 Legation of the United States, 
 PeTcing, February 6, 1896. 
 
 To the Consuls of the U. S. in China, 
 jrentlemen : 
 
 I have the honor to inform you that His Excellency, Mr. 
 A. Gerard, Minister of France, has recently procured from 
 the Tsungli Yanioon, by virtue of the French Treaty of 1858, 
 a,n order directing the local authorities in all Provinces of the 
 Empire to expunge from the various editions and compila- 
 tions of the Chinese Code all claims placing restrictions upon 
 the propagation of the Christian religion. 
 
 You are directed to bring this circular to the attention of 
 the American Missions in your Consular districts. 
 
 It gives me much pleasure to add that the Minister of 
 
32 INASMUCH 
 
 France is entitled to the gratitude of the Christian world for 
 his action in the important matter. 
 
 I am, Sirs, 
 
 Your Obedient Servant, 
 
 Charles Denby. 
 
 March. 
 
 In our mud ward are four wounded soldiers. The 
 military authorities sent them a four days' journey in 
 order that they might receive "Western Treatment". 
 Dr. Leung at once took them under his care. In a short 
 time they were placed in clean clothes and beds, their 
 wounds scientifically treated. These things together 
 with proper food and rest worked such wonders that 
 they got word to several others suffering from gunshot 
 wounds to come, but when they arrived we had no more 
 room. 
 
 Ah-Kwai and I have been called to several neighbor- 
 ing villages. This is just what we want. As soon as 
 possible Florence will start schools and Albert, chapels. 
 Medicine seems to be the key that is opening all the 
 doors to high and low, rich and poor. Kindly welcome 
 is given by all. 
 
 When one sees these *'sheep without a shepherd" one 
 can easily understand what and why He said to the 
 Jews, *T have other sheep, too, which do not belong to 
 this fold; I -must bring them also." 
 
 When the supplies came and we each appeared in 
 "brand new" shoes, etc., we felt as "dressed up" as chil- 
 dren arrayed for their first party. Our home letters also 
 came at the same time. No matter how many there are. 
 

 Oh «) 
 
 8=s 
 1^ 
 
CANTON 33 
 
 nor how long, we want more and want them longer! 
 Please allow an extra month or six weeks to the one- 
 month it now takes, for letters to reach us. 
 
 May. 
 
 Now that we are ''royally clothed", the hospital ready 
 for the roof, we are indeed the happiest of the happy. 
 The building is of brick ; the window and door frames 
 are all in. The people keep sending for us to come to 
 attend them in their homes. This gives us access to 
 many we could not otherwise reach, as the higher class 
 ladies will not be seen in public. In the well-to-do 
 families I was surprised to find several wives. They, 
 their children, and their childrens' servants often make 
 a company of from twenty to fifty. Ah-Kwai tells them 
 the Gospel message and we always leave a booklet, al- 
 though none of the women can read ; but we know the 
 men will seize upon it, even, perhaps, read it aloud. 
 
 Thus, day by day each one of us does the little he 
 can under the circumstances. I have treated about four 
 thousand patients, to all of whom the Gospel has been 
 preached. 
 
 Our immediate environment is now friendly ; hostility 
 and suspicion being slowly disarmed. 
 
 The middle of last summer peace was declared be- 
 tween France and China ; Tong King passing under the 
 protection of France, and Formosa evacuated by the 
 French. 
 
 At Kwai Ping many students are coming to the city 
 to take the biennial examination. It is conducted prac- 
 
34 INASMUCH 
 
 tically the same as that at Canton. The Hall, there 
 covers about sixteen acres, and has ''cells" for over 
 eight thousand students. It is by way of this literary 
 route that the participant hopes to obtain honor and 
 become an official. Those successful at the first ex- 
 amination receive the degree of *'Sau Tsoi" (Flowering, 
 or Adorning Talent). It is about equivalent to our 
 "Bachelor of Arts." 
 
 When you receive this, you can think of us in our 
 clean, new hospital with its fine view of river, plain and 
 mountain, our wards full of patients, and the Gospel be- 
 ing proclaimed to those who have never before heard it. 
 
 Canton. 
 
 You will be surprised to see this is written from 
 Canton instead of from Kwai Ping. Still more sur- 
 prised will you be to learn our new hospital, which was 
 almost ready for occupancy, "went up in smoke", as did 
 the house in which we had been living, together with all 
 we had — ^ household furnishings, medical books, in- 
 struments, medicines, etc. 
 
 You remember I spoke of an examination taking 
 place when I last wrote. The Kwai Ping magistrate 
 just then had so increased the tax on gambling houses, 
 that the owners closed them. This turned a multitude 
 loose into the streets ready for any diversion. Gambling 
 is universal ; almost the only daily, common amusement. 
 Prohibited this, it only needs a hint from the proud 
 students to a few "fellows of the baser sort" to drive 
 out "the foreign devils". > 
 
CANTON 35 
 
 A few rushed over to us. While Albert was talking 
 to them, he at once felt their attitude to be radically 
 different from any who had before come to the dis- 
 pensary. Not wishing to alarm Florence (who needed 
 the tenderest of care), and not wishing me to go over to 
 the dispensary, as I was only just able to be up after a 
 severe attack of asthma, he told the "boy" to tell us 
 to remain indoors until his return. It happened that 
 on this day, May sixth, many boatloads of soldiers were 
 passing through Kwai Ping returning from the Tong 
 King war. In the early morning some had called to 
 see the wounded soldiers we were treating. Knowing 
 the military powers felt friendly toward us, Albert at 
 once decided to ask the district magistrate — highest in 
 authority — to send over some soldiers to guard our 
 premises until the students had left. While on his way 
 to the yamen (official hall), the rabble caught sight of 
 him and began throwing stones. He turned several 
 times and talked to them. As soon as his back was 
 turned they began throwing again. The stones struck 
 him on feet, legs, back and head. They were hurled with 
 such force that he would have been killed had it not 
 been for his pith helmet; as it was, the stones pierced 
 the inch thickness. One stone went through the thick 
 heel of his shoe and wounded his foot. When he 
 reached the yamen he was dragged in and the lictors had 
 to beat back the rabble with the bamboo rods. He 
 stated his errand to the magistrate and then started to 
 return. This they utterly refused to allow, telling him 
 it meant certain death; that an escort would at once 
 
36 INASMUCH 
 
 be sent to bring those at his house to the city. Dr. 
 Leung, who had accompanied Albert, was immediately 
 dispatched to tell us the escort was on the way. 
 
 In the meantime our *'boy", Ah-Tsat, told us a crowd 
 of "roughs" was collecting outside. Simultaneously we 
 heard the crash of the bamboo fence and heavy stones 
 hurled on the clay-tile roof. These broke and the pieces 
 fell on the ceiling we, fortunately, had put in, thus sav- 
 ing us from being cut with the jagged pieces. Soon, 
 pounding and pushing began on the big barn-like wooden 
 front doors. In the house we had the new iron rods for 
 the hospital windows to insure against thieves; these 
 we propped against the door. While I held these in 
 place, Florence quickly collected valuable papers on the 
 deeds of our site, receipts for lumber purchased, etc., 
 and tied them under her dress skirt. Each new crash 
 w^as accompanied by yelling. Finding we still did not 
 come out, they brought straw, piled it before the doors 
 and set it on fire. The roar of the flames and the smoke 
 at last forced us to walk out in their midst. I took 
 Edith in my arms, and we went out the small side en- 
 trance. As I unlocked the door I recall thinking, "Now, 
 in a moment or two we will be in heaven." 
 
 Ah-Kwai (Valuable) was with us. We started to- 
 ward the river, some following, shouting "Kill them !" 
 "Butcher them!" "Cut them open!" "Drown them." 
 
 Between the desire to destroy us and the hope of 
 now entering the house and finding something of value, 
 the latter was the stronger and while they stopped to 
 secure all they could we reached the river's bank. I 
 
CANTON 37 
 
 offered my class ring (all I had to offer) to a boatman 
 to let us go on his boat, but those gathering about us 
 would not permit this. So all we could do was to sit 
 on the ground and wait. Our prayers were not only 
 going up for our own deliverance, but for Albert, of 
 whom we knew not whether he was alive or not. 
 
 The crowd around us were as close as they could 
 pack. Edith was a diversion and an attraction. She 
 was so accustomed to the Chinese that she was not 
 afraid at first, but as the dark faces kept increasing, she 
 hid her face on my shoulder, clasped her chubby arms 
 around my neck and said in her sweet little voice "Ngo 
 pa, Auntie, Ngo pa!" (I am afraid). 
 
 After an hour or more we espied Dr. Leung coming 
 to us to tell us of Albert's safety, and the escort to con- 
 duct us to the yamen. He led us over "Big Ditch 
 Mouth" to higher ground in the middle of the next 
 field. The sun was very hot beating down on us. Some 
 one loaned an umbrella to hold over Edith. We were 
 out about four hours, but not a whimper did she make, 
 noth withstanding she had not only no milk, no dinner, 
 but not even a drink of water. When we saw the four 
 soldiers in the boat coming for us, we clambered down 
 over a steep, rocky bank and into the boat. We were 
 rowed past the city, then conducted on the outside 
 of the wall to an entrance leading to the yamen. Inside 
 we met Albert. 
 
 We were so grateful for this that we hardly, then, 
 thought of our burning house and the spoiling of goods. 
 Later, we learned they carried away all they could of 
 
38 INASMUCH 
 
 the new hospital, carried out the soldiers from the old 
 one, set fire to it and to the house of the man who had 
 rented to us, drove off all his cattle and cut down all 
 his bamboo. 
 
 The magistrate showed us to a quiet room built 
 on poles over a kind of frog-pond. He also gave us 
 money to buy what we most needed. The one indis- 
 pensable thing is a mosquito net. Mosquitoes were 
 about in clouds. At night we placed Edith in the center 
 of the bed-boards, then we put our head under the net 
 that covered her. In this way we could snatch a few 
 moments of sleep at a time. 
 
 Next morning the son of the magistrate came to warn 
 us not to go near a window as the people were deter- 
 mined to have Albert's head. Some one had put out a 
 placard offering five hundred dollars for his head, and 
 one hundred for mine, because they had "found the 
 body of the person we had murdered out of which we 
 had made our medicine." 
 
 Do you recall that I wrote we were making soft soap? 
 While looting the house, this mass, in a large jar was 
 found. Never having seen such a thing in the making, 
 they at once decided it was human flesh. Still more cor- 
 roborative of diabolic actions on our part, was the find- 
 ing of a human skull. Then frenzy seized the rabble. 
 The skull was carried over to the city and placed on a 
 pole. What needed one of farther proof ; over there 
 was the body and here was the head! "Let us kill 
 the foreign devils !" they shouted. 
 
 We accounted for the "body" to the magistrate, but 
 
CANTON 39 
 
 at first were ourselves puzzled to know how a skull had 
 been found in our house. They declared it was locked 
 up in a trunk. Inquiring farther, we learned Dr. Leung, 
 who had studied anatomy with Dr. Kerr in Canton, had 
 put the skull in his trunk when Dr. Kerr had appointed 
 him to Kwai Ping. Of this, we, of course, were ig- 
 norant. It was difficult to get this explanation before 
 the mob. In consequence we spent a most anxious day. 
 
 When we dared glance out, it was to see dark faces 
 peering from out the foliage, in the direction of our 
 room. We knew that sometimes the magistrate is pow- 
 erless to protect; that happens when the crowd breaks 
 down the yamen itself. But the Friend who had re- 
 strained the mob from touching us the hours we were 
 alone on the river bank, we knew could now say, "Thus 
 far; but no farther". So we felt not a hair of Albert's 
 head would be touched. 
 
 After two days in the yamen, at dawn of the third 
 morning, the magistrate sent us out a back way where 
 a boat was waiting to take us down the river. With us 
 were Dr. Leung and Ah-Kwai. After five days, having 
 changed boats five times, we arrived safely in Canton. 
 
 Kind friends quickly supplied our immediate neces- 
 sities. As our sanitorium was in Macao, we went there 
 for further repairs. 
 
 Santa Sancha (name of the mission retreat) was the 
 property of an old Portuguese family. The large quaint 
 house, painted a bright yellow with blue trimmings, 
 stood on an eminence in the midst of several acres of 
 ground. The central walk led to a promontory jutting 
 
40 INASMUCH 
 
 out into the ocean. We love to sit there in the soft 
 moonlight, listening to the waves breaking on the beach, 
 and to watch the small sail-boats moving about on the 
 dark, heaving water. Our thoughts travel across the 
 vast Pacific to all the dear ones on the other side. Then 
 we remember that there is "much land still to be pos- 
 sessed" and so we sit and discuss how soon we can go 
 again to Kwong Sai. 
 
 Macao. 
 
 We moved over to Arrowdale a few days ago. As we 
 had only a few baskets of things to move, it was not a 
 very arduous task. 
 
 On the twenty-first Theodore Cuyler Fulton came to 
 gladden the hearts of his happy parents. 
 
 In this month we returned to Canton, preparatory to 
 going again to Qwai Ping. 
 
 Albert had been to see the Viceroy, who said he 
 would order the magistrate to give us protection. This 
 he did, but the proclamation was posted on an obscure 
 gate of the city and seen by few. 
 
 We left in August. This time we had two ho-taus, 
 one occupied by Dr. and Mrs. Kerr and Dr. Noyes. We 
 anchored over on the Kwai Ping side. While Dr. Kerr 
 and Albert were to go into the city to **heal and preach", 
 distribute Gospels, etc., the boatmen were to purchase 
 wood to take back to Canton. Wood is scarce and pre- 
 cious in certain parts of the "Two Kwong Provinces". 
 Most of it is obtained from the mountain ranges of 
 Kwong Sai. It is brought down on the backs of women, 
 
CANTON 41 
 
 then cut in short pieces, tied in handles and sold by the 
 pound. 
 
 The boatmen had bought about a cord and piled it on 
 the bank to dry out a little more. A few loungers, dis- 
 covering the "Foreign Devils", picked up the sticks of 
 wood and began throwing at the boat. Finally the board 
 windows began to give way. We women and the chil- 
 dren, Edith and Theodore, were helped down into the 
 bottom of the boat, after the floor had been removed. 
 This saved our heads from being struck. Fortunately 
 Albert returned in time to quiet the ruffians and had the 
 fo-kies row to the opposite side of the river. 
 
 After consultation it was decided that the time was not 
 propitious for our return. We would make frequent 
 trips until we could again with safety settle amongst 
 the people, who we knew wanted us. 
 
 Later, they came to us asking us to return. But for 
 the present we could take no risk with Florence and the 
 children. Therefore Dr. Noyes and Mrs. Kerr came to 
 our ho-tau to go back with us to Canton. Albert and Dr. 
 Kerr remained to work amongst the people a little longer. 
 
 After finishing with one town they went on to the 
 next. When about half way down the river, the Cap- 
 tain, not knowing the river as well as he thought he 
 did, ran the ho-tau on the rocks. Just after Albert and 
 Doctor climbed out into a small boat which, happily for 
 them, at that moment was passing, the ho-tau and all 
 on it sank. All the medical supplies, bedding, clothing, 
 etc., were lost. For this reason they reached Canton 
 not long after we had arrived. 
 
42 INASMUCH 
 
 Novcmbej\ 
 
 Bishop Warren, while visiting Canton, kindly 
 preached for us. Amongst other things he said, "God 
 has often to lead us through long experiences before 
 we are really ready for the great work of our life. 
 Abraham could not at first have offered up Isaac. God 
 called him to go out to a strange country, to leave his 
 father's house — that was all, just to go. Had God told 
 him what he meant to do for him, he could not have 
 comprehended it; his soul was too small; he had yet 
 to grow. 
 
 "Moses was called to leave the king's palace and wan- 
 der forty years before he could be Israel's leader." 
 
 In November we welcomed Dr. and Mrs. Mutch- 
 more. Also Bishop Fowler, who spoke of ''Great Men 
 — all were self-poised ; not self-centered. We want not 
 speed, but perfection." 
 
 Albert and I made a trip to Cheung-Chau, where two 
 schools were established. 
 
 January, 1889. 
 
 The social event of the month was the marriage of 
 our consul's daughter, Miss Seymour. So immersed 
 have we been in work that I had forgotten there were 
 such things as decorated churches for beautiful brides 
 with long trains, white veils and flowers. 
 
 In November, Albert baptized two more converts at 
 Ng Chau (also called Wu Chau), one a literary man 
 having the first degree, "Sau Tsoi". 
 
 In December I was asked to go to Po Ling, near 
 Swatow, to attend the aged mother of Admiral Fong. 
 
CANTON 
 
 43 
 
 I did not see how I could, owing to the difference in 
 dmlects. It was suggested I ask one of the Swatow 
 missionaries to accompany me. Escorts were furnished 
 tne and my amah. At Hong Kong we embarked on a 
 coast steamer, as the great ocean steamers do not as 
 a rule, call at that port. The coast of China is rough 
 and dangerous. Some one on board, trying to be en- 
 tertaining, pointed out frequently places where, he ex- 
 c aimed, 'Now, right there a terrible wreck occurred- 
 all on board were lost." However, we arrived safeW 
 the second day. 
 
 Mrs, Lyall, a Swatow missionary, most kindly con- 
 sented to accompany me to Po Ling, seventy miles 
 beyond Swatow. A large sail and row-boat was made 
 ready for us, and most comfortably we reached our 
 destination. 
 
 Po Ling village consisted of four hundred people 
 all connected with the admiral's family. The venerable 
 mother was eighty years of age, and mother of seven 
 sons As each son had numerous wives, and all 
 daughters-in-law were brought to the mother's home 
 these together with their forty or fifty children, and 
 all the amahs, serving-maids, men, etc., made up the 
 number. ^ 
 
 We were received with the greatest courtesy The 
 admira ranked very high in the empire. In him was 
 
 n 1 k\ T" °^ '"' '"'^ '^^^'h." It was known 
 he had beheaded five thousand people. So afraid of 
 him were those of the surrounding country, that no 
 native doctor could be persuaded to treat his mother 
 
44 INASMUCH 
 
 There have been instances in which the patient died 
 and the doctor was executed. He was also supposed to 
 be a foe to Christianity; so much so that no Christian 
 work was being carried on in that region. 
 
 As I entered the room, Madame Fong was sitting up 
 on her bed, held by two servants. Over her was a 
 crimson satin cloak lined with ermine. She was a dig- 
 nified, pleasant lady, and graciously submitted to treat- 
 ment. In a few days she was on the way to recovery. 
 
 I was also asked to see the first wife of the second 
 son. In all, I was there thirteen days and learned to 
 admire and love many of those I met. 
 
 Mrs. Lyall read and talked to all she could, morning, 
 noon and night. 
 
 Before I left, permission was given for the sick from 
 outside the village to come for treatment. To these also 
 was the Gospel preached. 
 
 When leaving, gratitude was expressed in every way 
 possible. Besides many presents, two gold medals were 
 presented. The admiral sent word that if I would stay, 
 he would present our mission with a site and put up the 
 buildings for a hospital. 
 
 But the object for which I went had been gained: 
 namely, the relief of pain, the presenting of the Gospel. 
 The dissipation of prejudice had been accomplished; 
 the way opened for the establishment of work by those 
 speaking Swatow dialect. 
 
 You will be amused to learn the inscription on the 
 medals. It said that when I felt the pulse, disease dis- 
 appeared as mist before the sun ! Think of having to 
 "live up to" a reputation like that ! 
 
CANTON 45 
 
 Had the admiral's mother died, he would have had 
 to retire for three years. As it was, he went to Po Ling 
 where thousands of dollars were spent in feasts of re- 
 joicing. The empress sent her congratulations, ac- 
 companied by gifts of jade, and rolls of silk — in such 
 high esteem was this "mother of seven sons" held. 
 
 In Canton, the admiral called in person. He said I 
 might choose any site anywhere for a hospital and he 
 would see that the mission secured it. The older mis- 
 sionaries said it meant the chosen place would simply 
 be seized and the owners ordered to give up all claim 
 to it, for which, very justly, they would ever after hate 
 us. 
 
 1889. 
 
 In February we went to Wu-Chau, where Albert 
 baptized his first convert in Kwong-Sai. In June we 
 stored our ho-tau with what we should need for a 
 thousand-mile trip. Our object was to visit Lung-Chau 
 in Tong-King, now a province of French Indo-China. 
 It had been made a treaty port and we wanted to as- 
 certain if it v/ere a strategic point in which to open 
 work. 
 
 As the water in the river was low, the current was not 
 so strong against us, but many jagged rocks projected. 
 At intervals we passed nine wrecked vessels. Some- 
 times we were a day trying to get over a rapid. Just 
 as we felt we were surmounting the boiling torrent, the 
 rope would break and back we dashed. Beyond Kwai- 
 Ping the scenery was diversified in some places by the 
 
46 INASMUCH 
 
 black, perpendicular, low mountain ridges. Some times 
 they resembled ruins of castles, forts, or whole deserted 
 towns. 
 
 Rounding a bend, one day, we came to a temple built 
 in sections up the side of a steep mountain. As we 
 slowly ascended it, we found in the first building the 
 attendant busily preparing the sacrificial offerings for 
 a feast. Higher up was the idol. Going still higher, 
 we were admiring the beautiful view, when, far below, 
 a boat-load of happy women were about to land on the 
 temple side, and for whom, no doubt, the feast was 
 being prepared. Chancing to look up they caught sight 
 of the "Foreign Devils". Screaming to the oarsman 
 to row back to the opposite shore, they scrambled out 
 as fast as possible on their poor, crippled, bound feet 
 and fled — if such a term can be applied to their con- 
 fused scattering across the rice fields. Had we been 
 tigers they could scarcely have been more terrified. 
 
 Tigers abound. We passed a fresh "kill" — a half 
 eaten horse. In one village through which we passed, a 
 notice was posted that a woman had disappeared, sup- 
 posedly carried off by a tiger. This notice was posted 
 as a warning to be on the outlook. 
 
 We frequently saw long lines of women with enor- 
 mous burdens of grass, twigs and wood on their backs 
 coming down the mountain side. It was not infrequent 
 that a tiger, hiding in the grass, waited until the line 
 of workers had passed, then sprang upon and carried 
 off the last one. 
 
CANTON 47 
 
 The tigers come up from India, and down from 
 Siberia and Mongolia. We passed places where there 
 were "traps". The Chinese dig a pit about twenty feet 
 deep and four wide. A lid made to spring covers it. 
 At the far end, the bait, generally a small dog, is placed. 
 Over the lid are spread twigs or branches. As the tiger 
 springs at the dog, the lid falls down into the side of 
 the pit, then springs back, and the dog remains unhurt. 
 The tiger is killed in various ways, often by drowning 
 in order to keep the skin intact. Albert bought one 
 skin measuring about nine feet from tip to tip, for the 
 price of five dollars in American gold. 
 
 When Albert was sitting one evening in his boat, 
 suddenly he heard the loud bark or roar of a tiger. 
 One of the fo-kies had on board a dog and the tiger 
 had "scented his prey from afar" and was bounding 
 nearer and nearer for it, but the man got the boat un- 
 fastened and rowed out to the middle of the stream 
 before the tiger reached the bank. They kept a bright 
 light all about the boat until morning. 
 
 On another trip he passed through a wide ravine 
 between high mountains, where the water flowed out 
 over a wide space. A man had erected a small hut 
 where he could stay while caring for his hundreds of 
 ducks. One night a tiger, with its powerful stroke, 
 stove in the door, sprang in, seized the man and car- 
 ried him off. 
 
 Occasionally, as we traveled, we saw a Pai-Fong, a 
 kind of arch erected to the memory of some widow 
 who had refused to marry again. This was considered 
 
48 INASMUCH 
 
 most worthy and deserving of public recognition in the 
 way of enduring stone. 
 
 All along the way Albert would preach as he had 
 opportunity. Although the dialect differed from Can- 
 tonese, the people could understand him. Gospels and 
 tracts were wisely distributed at the market places. 
 
 I had with me stacks of very pretty advertising pic- 
 ture cards. Whenever we walked along the banks the 
 workers in the surrounding fields, as soon as they 
 caught sight of us, came with all possible speed to gaze 
 at us. On the back of each card was a verse of Scrip- 
 ture in Chinese, which card, the boy who could read 
 the verse, was to have. 
 
 After the first card had been eagerly examined by 
 each one in the group, excitement ran high. They were 
 afraid to venture very close, lest this prove a mere ruse 
 to allure them near enough to steal them. So they all 
 began shouting "Fan Kwai, pi quo ngo la! pi quo ngo 
 la !" and would stand only near enough to make a dash 
 for it; one foot firmly braced, the other extended as he 
 leaned forward with outstretched arm, loudly calling 
 "Foreign Devil, give me one!" 
 
 I said, "You must ask politely, then I will give you 
 each one. Come to me and say, Tlease, Doctor, give 
 me one.' " Finally, after some hesitation, one cau- 
 tiously approached, and in a frightened, weak voice 
 asked politely for a card. As I held it out, his courage 
 almost failed as he drew near ; however he managed to 
 snatch it and run. As he had survived, others came 
 soon. So keen were they that some forgot just what 
 
CANTON 49 
 
 to say, and substituted, "Please, Foreign Devil, give 
 me a Foreign-Devil picture-card !'* 
 
 Sometimes in the villages I could so overcome the 
 fright of the women and girls, most of whom had 
 babies on their backs, that they would approach and re- 
 ceive a card. 
 
 In some of the villages through which we passed the 
 only conspicuous land-mark would be a tall flag-staff 
 with frames near the top. This was owing to the fact 
 that one of the men had received the first degree, "Sau- 
 Tsoi" and was thus permitted to have what was called 
 a "name" in the village. Sometimes we saw the staffs 
 which indicated the second degree. This meant having 
 a "name" in the district. 
 
 In about five weeks we reached Lung Chau. The 
 French consul and his assistant received us most'kindly 
 m their "temple house", entertaining us at dinner. 
 
 As the treaty-port had been opened so recently the 
 consul advised us to wait a while before trying to es- 
 tablish work there. 
 
 Now that the rains had come, we pushed out, on our 
 return, to the middle of the river where the current was 
 swift and strong. 
 
 Whenever we anchored, my brother preached to 
 those who came to the boat, or when he entered a vil- 
 lage. 
 
Ill 
 
 The Hospital at Last 
 
 IN writing to a paper in America, my brother said, 
 *'In China, idolatry is universal from the emperor 
 to the poorest beggar. I have been in scores and 
 hundreds of cities and villages but never saw one, not 
 even the meanest collection of mud huts, without a 
 temple or shrine of some kind." 
 
 Millions of people worship stones from their fancied 
 resemblances to human forms. 
 
 In fields, large stone altars are frequently seen where 
 prostrations are made and offerings sent forth to the 
 god of harvest. Certain temples along the great river 
 routes claim special powers, and new boatmen, in com- 
 ing or going, would not fail to shoot fire-crackers or 
 burn incense or possibly go ashore to worship the idol 
 to whom they are indebted for a prosperous voyage. 
 
 Now the dominant motive in these practices is the 
 hope of earthly gain. Said a man to me the other night, 
 "If you do not worship, you can never have success 
 with lottery tickets." Selfish ends and a vague hope 
 of somehow propitiating the unknown, combined with 
 slavish fear of offending the idols, are controlling mo- 
 tives in the acts of worship. 
 
 The entire sum spent throughout the empire in idol 
 worship of all kinds can not, according to a moderate 
 
 50 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 51 
 
 estimate, be under three hundreds of milHons of dollars. 
 The cost of all the temples is certainly close to eight 
 hundred million, beside the milHons annually spent on 
 repairs and construction of new temples. 
 
 From an original copy handed to me in Wu-Chau, 
 a large city in Kong-Sai, I translate the following : 
 
 *'We respectfully announce the communication from 
 the goddess Kun-Shai-Yam, to teach how to avoid pes- 
 tilence. 
 
 *'On the twenty-second day of the third moon of the 
 year, in the great and Benevolent Temple of the 
 Heavenly Mountain in Kwai-Chau province, the bell 
 and drum sounded without any known cause. From 
 the site of the divine goddess, these words were spoken, 
 'This year the five grains will yield a bountiful harvest, 
 but pestilence and epidemics will visit both man and 
 cattle. The tenth month, many will die. If you know 
 this and do not make it known to others, red blood will 
 flow from your mouth and you will die and incur a 
 ten-fold heavier guilt. If any man believes and does 
 good, he will escape pestilence. But in the eighth month 
 of this year, on the twenty-fifth of the month, at twelve 
 o'clock, the goddess will send down an adverse wind. 
 On the first appearance of pain you must copy these 
 three characters in red ink, on black paper, burn the 
 paper, put the ashes in a cup of wine and drink it and 
 the pain will at once disappear." 
 
 Last evening I visited a temple on a small island of 
 about five thousand people. Near one idol were a num- 
 ber of live snakes which, I was informed, added to the 
 
52 INASMUCH 
 
 idol's spiritual efficiency. In front of the temple a bell 
 was struck several times to call the idol to eat his rice. 
 In the morning a drum was struck to awaken the idol. 
 
 Such are the follies imposed upon this people, which 
 had their origin in India. Of the worship of the true 
 God, the propitiation for sin by a perfect sacrifice, and 
 life everlasting, they are as perfectly ignorant as they 
 are of the philosophy of Pythagoras. Such is idolatry 
 — a menace that shrouds a nation in darkness; blocks 
 its progress; saps its energies; devours its resources; 
 and leaves it prostrate in the slough of despondency. 
 Idolatry will inevitably disappear before gospel effort; 
 but it must be focalized effort. 
 
 When possible, we filled all our water jars from the 
 springs along the way, otherwise we had to drink the 
 river water. One day the f o-kies told us of a fine spring 
 we were about to pass. Hastily all jars were emptied 
 and we rowed up under the overhanging branches cov- 
 ering the steep bank, where we heard the falling water. 
 When near enough we filled our cups and drank deeply. 
 After every jar was full, we moved out from under the 
 thick shade and on up the river where we could look 
 back on the "spring". We saw the water came from a 
 fertilized rice field which had been irrigated. 
 
 One day our cook came back from a town with a 
 sack of real wheat flour. We were astonished that it 
 could be found so many hundreds of miles in the in- 
 terior. He gave us the most delicious hot biscuits for 
 breakfast. As this was a treat, we ate heartily of them. 
 The next morning I happened, while dressing, to look 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 53 
 
 through a crack in my board wall which separated my 
 room from the kitchen where the cook stood diligently 
 picking out the weevils from the flour for our morning 
 biscuits. 
 
 We tried to keep the ho-tau free from roaches, cen- 
 tipedes and mice. But one night a mouse ran over my 
 face and it was a hurried battle to get it out from under 
 the mosquito net, where I found a small centipede. 
 
 Sometimes the centipedes are large. Our boy cap- 
 tured one eight inches long on the floor, as it was 
 rapidly coming towards me. 
 
 In 1887, while waiting for the auspicious time to go 
 to Kwong-Sai, I had opened a dispensary in the inner 
 city, in connection with the Third Church. Here, two 
 days in the week, I treated free all those too poor to 
 pay. The patients came into the clean, quiet chapel 
 where they awaited their turn. As there were some- 
 times over two hundred patients, besides one or more 
 persons who accompanied each ailing one, it was a fine 
 opportunity to present to them simple Gospel truths. 
 
 We always invited all to return for the Sunday 
 services. By coming through the week for medicine 
 they became accustomed to the place and lost their 
 fear. Stories were afloat that if one entered any of the 
 chapels he would lose his heart and never again be a 
 Chinese, because the heart would be changed to that of 
 a ''Foreign Devil". 
 
 One Sunday, as I was listening to the Chinese 
 preacher, in shocked amazement I heard him say, "Now 
 the Lord Jesus is not like Dr. Fulton. He could cure 
 
54 INASMUCH 
 
 eyes by speaking a word; but she uses a solution of 
 zinc." 
 
 At another service one woman who had been selling 
 oranges brought them into the church and sat down to 
 listen to the sermon. A woman nearby brought forth 
 some cash (the small coin of which about fifteen make 
 one of our pennies), and after selecting several oranges 
 for a child with her, handed the seller the money. 
 
 Dr. Mary Niles having returned to America on fur- 
 lough, my work is vastly increased, as I am looking 
 after her work, too, in Dr. Kerr's hospital. I owe much 
 to my helper '*Mui A-Kwai". You remember she was 
 with me during our Kwai Ping experience. 
 
 She was born six hundred miles from Canton. Her 
 father had several wives. She was a child of No. 3. 
 When she was eight years old, the father had lost 
 everything through gambling. Wives and sons were 
 sent away to care for themselves, the daughters were 
 sold. A man bought A-Kwai for twenty-eight dollars. 
 Two years later, she was resold for fifty. She never 
 again heard of any of her family. She was brought to 
 Canton, and at eighteen sold in marriage to a Mr. How, 
 who paid eighty dollars for her. Two years later he 
 died in California. She was sent to school, became a 
 Christian and, most remarkable, asked Dr. Kerr to 
 teach her medicine. At that time she had never seen 
 a woman physician. 
 
 After finishing her studies, she became Dr. Kerr's 
 assistant in the women's department. She was kindly 
 allowed to accompany me to Kwai Ping. 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 55 
 
 When she returned to Canton she found her mother- 
 in-law in great poverty. The husband's uncle, an opium 
 smoker, had sold every thing. 
 
 Finding A-Kwai (Valuable) had not only come back 
 with no money but lost her belongings, they beat her 
 and ordered her to worship the tablets and light the 
 incense sticks. When she steadily refused, the uncle 
 bargained to sell her. 
 
 She escaped to her pastor, who advised her to marry 
 a Christian man, Mr. Plum, just returned from Hon- 
 olulu. When the former mother-in-law heard A-Kwai 
 had eluded her, she gathered together her clan, took a 
 chain and started forcibly to enter our dispensary to 
 carry her back. Our consul had to send soldiers to 
 protect our premises and disperse the mob. Poor girl, 
 twice she has had to face a mob. 
 
 I speak in detail of her history, as it is typical of 
 many and many a poor girl in this land. 
 
 Such a fierce fire broke out near the Canton hospital 
 that the patients were all moved out. We packed a few 
 things to take with us. At the German compound, be- 
 low the hospital, all left their houses. A fire in this 
 compact city, with its narrow streets, is terrifying. A 
 woman with bound feet is as helpless as a baby, unless 
 some one carries her on her back out of the burning 
 district. It is a time when thieves carry off everything 
 they possibly can steal. From the house top I watched 
 the high leaping flames for an hour. Then the wind 
 changed and the danger to us was past. 
 
56 INASMUCH 
 
 Christmas. 
 
 I gave our Christians an opportunity to meet each 
 other at Sz-Pai-Lau Church. Dr. Henry spoke, and 
 after singing some hymns, each one present received a 
 handkerchief, or pair of hose, cake of soap, bag of 
 candy, pen and ink — v^hich is a brush and "stick of ink" 
 — etc. Afterv^ards all enjoyed tea and cakes. 
 
 At odd times, I have translated into Chinese "The 
 Wonders of Prayer" by Whittle. 
 
 In 1890 a conference of all the missionaries in China 
 v^ras held in Shanghai. It vv^as a great treat to attend 
 this. The papers and discussions v^ere intensely in- 
 teresting. Mr. Hudson Taylor suggested that we ask 
 for a thousand more missionaries. With such an ad- 
 ditional force, he thought that the Gospel could be given 
 to every family in the empire in three years. 
 
 After the general conference, the conference for 
 physicians was held, at the close of which the Shanghai 
 doctors gave us a fine banquet. 
 
 Alone in the interior, the burdens seemed very heavy ; 
 but after meeting over four hundred others, bearing 
 equal, if not greater burdens, I returned strengthened, 
 refreshed and encouraged. 
 
 The work in the three dispensaries I had opened in- 
 creased. 
 
 I had many calls to homes in Canton. When these 
 calls came at night, we sometimes had difficulty in get- 
 ting through the street gates as they were all locked 
 soon after dark, and not opened till dawn. Not in- 
 frequently, in returning, our chairs would be set down 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 57 
 
 in the narrow streets near a pile of refuse where we 
 had to wait till the watchman came to open the gate 
 in the morning. 
 
 The work in the homes was often trying, — the lack of 
 santitation, and the superstition were great. In one 
 case in which it was necessary to work rapidly in order 
 to save life, I asked the patient's mother to assist me 
 a few moments. She very sweetly declined by saying 
 she was sorry but if she came near her daughter it would 
 bring bad luck to her son's wife. 
 
 In another instance a man suddenly entered the room 
 where I was attending a young mother, and crashed 
 down on the brick floor a large clay kettle. He said 
 it would scare away evil spirits. Another time a man 
 lifted a door from off its hinges and banged it down 
 on the floor nine times to scare away the demons. 
 
 But the saddest of all cases was where I would find 
 a young girl or woman laid out in her grave clothes in 
 an empty room, while still conscious, to die alone. 
 
 I remember one young lady to whom I was called, 
 who had diptheria. She had been dressed in her grave 
 clothes, which means the putting on of three, five, 
 seven, nine or eleven of their most beautiful embroidered 
 garments, and then laid out on bed-boards in an empty 
 room to die. They are thus dressed because of the 
 fear the people have of touching a dead person. After 
 giving her treatment and leaving instructions for the 
 night, I felt if they would attend carefully to what I 
 said, she might recover. But the next morning I learned 
 
58 INASMUCH 
 
 that no sooner had I left than they all fled and she was 
 left alone all night to die. 
 
 Another case was that of one of the wives of one of 
 the richest of men. When I entered the house I found 
 the patient laid on bed-boards in the center of a lofty 
 room. She was gorgeously arrayed in embroidered 
 satin shams (jackets) — nine of them. Her fingers were 
 covered with rings and her wrists with bracelets. In 
 her hand was a handkerchief and fan. After having 
 removed most of the heavy garments and examining her, 
 I spoke to her and found she understood all I said. 
 Every door-way opening into the various rooms was 
 crowded with faces. I at once suspected that this 
 lady was the favorite wife and had been poisoned. 
 However, I left strict instructions for the night and 
 especially ordered that the heavy garments be not put 
 on again. After I had left and gone a few squares I 
 remembered I had left my thermometer, and returned 
 for it. I went in quietly and found a large strong amah 
 putting back all the heavy clothing as fast as possible. 
 In the morning the woman was dead. 
 
 I was called to see a woman who had taken opium 
 to end her terrible Hfe as a slave to a brutal owner. He 
 informed me he had paid a thousand dollars for her 
 and, because of this, wanted to save her. She was laid 
 on a cold mud floor, her long hair drawn out and the 
 ends laid in a pan of water. From the "earth and 
 water" it was hoped vitality to resuscitate could be 
 drawn. She was, fortunately for her, forever beyond 
 his cruelty. 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 59 
 
 At another house I found an insane woman lying on 
 the cold floor chained to a huge stone, on which her 
 daily rice was hurriedly thrust. 
 
 As there have been no asylums for the insane, it 
 seems the only way the family has to restrain those 
 deranged ; though some are put in a bag and drowned. 
 
 April, 1897. 
 
 Mr. and Mrs. Robert Speer arrived. 
 
 Mr. Speer preached for us from the text, — "But I 
 am among you as he that serveth." 
 
 Albert went with them into the country, where they 
 could see the vast region he is trying to honey-comb 
 with chapels. Hundreds of villages can generally be 
 counted from the top of a high hill. 
 
 November. 
 
 Dr. Kerr, at seventy three, when most men think 
 they "are too old" for new enterprises, is putting up 
 a hospital for the insane — the first in this empire. 
 
 Just in front of my east windows for several morn- 
 ings I saw Jupiter, Venus and the Moon, — a beautiful 
 sight. "The heavens declare the glory of God." 
 
 January, 1890. 
 
 Two women from my dispensary united with the 
 church — my first visible fruits. 
 
 One woman came for medicine for a cough. We 
 gave it to her, carefully instructing her how, and when 
 
60 INASMUCH 
 
 to take it. Much better, she returned for more. When 
 she reached home, she reasoned that if a Httle had made 
 her feel better, all of it at a dose would probably make 
 her well at once. After trying this she seemed to be 
 dying and was, as is the custom, arrayed in her ''grave 
 clothes", carried into an empty room and left there to 
 die, while all the family knelt at a distance and began 
 wailing. Coming out of her coma, she began murmur- 
 ing **I see the heaA^enly Father, but I can't see Jesus." 
 Amazed and awe-struck they exclaimed, **She is calling 
 on the Foreigner's God!" Finally she sat up. The 
 next time she came to the dispensary, several came with 
 her to "give thanks to our Father". 
 
 After we had instructed her "in the Way", her people 
 were willing she should openly profess the "Jesus she 
 could not see", but had now found. She was received 
 as a pupil in the True Light School. So rapidly did she 
 advance in knowledge and grace that the Church made 
 her its deaconess. 
 
 Six infants who had died at the Catholic Foundling 
 Asylum were put in two baskets and given to a coolie 
 to carry outside the city and bury. His hat blew off; 
 he set the baskets down, and went in pursuit of it. A 
 passing child peeped into one of the baskets, and seeing 
 so many dead babies, ran in alarm and told some men. 
 They at once made the man with his baskets go to the 
 yamen. Immediately wild rumors were afloat. The 
 Catholics had killed these infants in order to obtain 
 their eyes and tongues for medicine. Placards were at 
 once posted in prominent places stating that July third 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 61 
 
 all foreign and native Christians would be killed. How- 
 ever, the officers examined the babies, and finding no 
 mutilation, issued proclamations stating that the chil- 
 dren had died natural deaths and any one making any 
 further trouble would be instantly seized and punished. 
 
 At the same time the matter was regarded serious 
 enough to request that chapels be closed for a week, 
 and on July third, thirty soldiers were sent to guard the 
 Canton hospital. The English consul also sent to Hong 
 Kong for a gun-boat. 
 
 After the French and Chinese war, the old building 
 where the members of the First Presbyterian Church, 
 established in 1862, had worshipped, was sold, and the 
 members scattered. To my brother was given the task 
 of re-establishing the Church. 
 
 After much trouble he secured a shop in the western 
 suburb, on a busy thoroughfare, and hunted up half a 
 dozen of the original members ; the others had gone 
 to other churches, moved to the country, or left the 
 province. 
 
 In this small shop I opened a dispensary. At the 
 back of the room was a narrow hallway with stairs 
 leading to the room above. Under these stairs I held 
 my clinic. When I wanted to examine an eye I had to 
 lead the patient out to the front door where I could get 
 the light, as the only light came from an opening in the 
 ceiling to the floor above. Soon we were too crowded 
 and secured the shop next door. 
 
 As the women became accustomed to the place, some 
 came back to Sunday service. 
 
62 INASMUCH 
 
 Just before communion, I asked my brother if he 
 would be willing to have the individual cups used in- 
 stead of the one large cup, as had been the custom. To 
 this he gave his consent and they were used then for 
 the first time in China. 
 
 The shops were now so crowded that my brother 
 announced we would build a new church, and any one 
 present who would like to give something toward this 
 could indicate it. The women, of course, never had a 
 cash of their own and the men were so poor, I was 
 almost sorry they were asked to contribute and won- 
 dered if we could possibly hope from them as much as 
 fifty or seventy-five dollars. In less than half an hour 
 they pledged eight hundred dollars. 
 
 From time to time, grateful patients had given dif- 
 ferent sums of money to me. I was trying to get 
 enough to build a hospital for women. For thirty 
 millions of people in the two Kwong provinces, there 
 were only the Canton general hospital, and two small 
 ones being started in the country. I had accumulated 
 two thousand five hundred dollars. With this we 
 started out to buy a site large enough on which to erect 
 a church and a hospital. 
 
 Land in Canton, a city of two millions, is almost as 
 high as in large cities at home. Beginning near our 
 present place of worship, we examined every possible 
 available spot, but all was far beyond what we could 
 offer. Thus we went farther and farther until we 
 reached the very limit of the city at its west end. There 
 we found an open space where two hundred pigs were 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 63 
 
 lying about in the mud. At the north side, on the canal, 
 were low sheds into which the swine were driven at 
 night; over them the families slept. At the west was 
 a dye-house ; at the rear, a soldier's camp. Each morn- 
 ing and evening cannon boomed from it. At the south- 
 east all the refuse from the adjacent section of the 
 city was dumped. The steam rose in ill-smelling col- 
 umns. 
 
 The owners were willing to sell a portion of this 
 plot. In all the world it seemed there could scarcely 
 be a more prohibitive spot for a sacred edifice and a 
 hospital. But it was the best that we could do with 
 the amount we had, so we bought it. 
 
 On it we erected a fine, strong two-story brick build- 
 ing, the auditorium on the upper floor seating six 
 hundred; below, two pleasant rooms, one for the men 
 and one for the women ; at the rear, two rooms for a 
 dispensary — the money, a thousand dollars, given by Mr. 
 Hasbruck, of Brooklyn Lafayette Avenue Church. That 
 church also gave a thousand toward our building. This 
 well-built structure, its beams of teak wood impervious 
 to white ants, cost three thousand dollars. Today it 
 would cost nearly ten times that amount. 
 
 At the dedication, many congratulations were show- 
 ered upon my brother for erecting this, the largest and 
 finest church building in the city, and that too in an un- 
 touched part. The church seats about five hundred and 
 is called the Theodore Cuyler Church. 
 
 After the dedication, my brother, having been out 
 nine years, returned home with his family on fur- 
 
64 INASMUCH 
 
 lough. In America he told of the needs for a hospital, 
 and that as I had helped the church, so now they wanted 
 to help me. Lafayette church in Brooklyn gladly gave 
 three thousand dollars and asked that it be named 
 the David Gregg Hospital. 
 
 I immediately began building the hospital for women 
 and children, on the south side of the church site. It 
 was of grey brick, three stories high. 
 
 Nine young ladies had applied for medical instruc- 
 tion. They were bright Christian girls. The only place 
 I had was the women's room and the two dispensary 
 rooms in the church building. I turned the women's 
 room into a dormitory, separating the students' beds 
 by sheets hung on bamboo poles. 
 
 For the equipment for the medical college we had a 
 few maps and a skeleton. Our textbooks were the few 
 which Dr. Kerr had translated. 
 
 The clinics were large and the students were accorded 
 fine advantages in actually seeing and helping. When 
 I was called to cases in the homes, I took with me one 
 of the students. 
 
 In the Hong Kong daily paper, the "China Mail" 
 was the following: 
 
 Canton, April 24. 
 
 Wednesday, April 23rd, will long be remembered as a red- 
 letter day in the history of medical and philanthropic work 
 in the city of Canton. It is really the beginning of a new 
 era and is fraught with blessings that will reach many genera- 
 tions of women and children in this great city. 
 
 Hitherto the medical care of women and children has only 
 been a department of the existing hospitals; but as they rep- 
 resent two-thirds of the population, it is not only right but 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 65 
 
 absolutely necessary that they should be treated apart from 
 men. 
 
 Long before 2 o'clock, the hour for beginning the services, 
 crowds of Chinese men and women had practically taken pos- 
 session of the Theodore Cuyler church. 
 
 United States Consul McWade occupied the chair. Among 
 those present were the Tartar General, the Provincial Judge, 
 the Nam-Hoi Magistrate, the Pun-U, the Intendant of Grain 
 Tax, the Brigadier General, the President of the Viceroys' 
 College, and a large number of leading Chinese, besides many 
 representatives from the foreign community. 
 
 After the reading of the Scriptures, singing and prayer. 
 Consul McWade gave a short address tracing the rise and hist- 
 ory of the hospital. He showed the great future there was in 
 store for this institution and he hoped that very soon we would 
 have sufficient funds to buy out the rest of the "Pig Village". 
 
 After the congratulatory addresses from several different 
 denominations, and singing by the medical students, the of- 
 ficials and foreigners and others were invited to make a tour 
 of the hospital. It won the admiration of all w^ho saw it. 
 
 On the ground floor were dining rooms, rooms for attend- 
 ants, etc. The second floor was occupied by the main ward. 
 This was fitted with white iron bedsteads presented by Mr. 
 John Converse of Philadelphia. The upper story consisted of 
 private wards and a maternity ward. The light, ventilation, 
 and all arrangements are in accordance with the most modern 
 and improved methods. 
 
 The hospital starts under the happiest omens of a great 
 and glorious future of successful service, the worthy cause of 
 prevention as well as the healing of the sick. 
 
 Mary Fulton, the doctor in charge, is to be heartily con- 
 gratulated, and with this we join the names of Dr. and Mrs. 
 Albert Fulton. 
 
 When the new hospital was finished, I moved the 
 students into the private rooms on the third floor. I 
 then wrote to my brother, who was on his second fur- 
 lough in America, how much we needed for a building 
 for medical students. On the occasion of one of his 
 addresses, Mr. E. A. K. Hackett, editor of the "Fort 
 
66 INASMUCH 
 
 Wayne Sentinel", at once gave four thousand dollars 
 
 for a building. 
 
 There have been many deaths from bubonic plague. 
 Two thousand deaths occurred in Hong Kong, and a 
 hundred thousand here. 
 
 No advice, no warnings, no threatenings could pre- 
 vail upon the people to clean their houses and streets 
 with disinfectants. 
 
 In Hong Kong, cartloads of refuse were removed 
 from single buildings. 
 
 The Chinese resented this inspection and what they 
 termed ^'interference" by foreigners. Ninety thousand 
 left Hong Kong. They put out inflammatory placards 
 saying the private rooms of the women were forcibly 
 entered, the women dragged out, their throats cut, and 
 the bodies thrown into the ocean. 
 
 These stories reached Canton and adjacent cities. 
 The cry now went out — "Cut the foreigners' throats". 
 The viceroy had to issue a proclamation ordering the 
 instant suppression of such stories. 
 
 But new one** arose concerning "heung-oaus" — per- 
 fumery bags. The people have an idea if they cannot 
 smell a malodor, they are quite safe from any con- 
 tagion. 
 
 I have met men with the nostrils stuffed with rolls 
 of cloth, peanuts, etc. This, of course, necessitated 
 breathing through the mouth, the evil effects of which 
 they knew not. 
 
 Most persons, however, preferred to use a small 
 heung-pau. 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 67 
 
 Now the story went out that these paus were dis- 
 tributed by foreigners to Christian women who gave 
 them to others, who, as soon as they smelled them, died. 
 This was in order that the brains might be used as med- 
 icine. 
 
 In consequence, two foreign women physicians were 
 stoned. One was dragged to a rubbish heap, and 
 drenched with water containing fish scales. A man 
 from the customs rescued her. The other was saved 
 by a Christian Chinese and his wife, who pulled her 
 into their house and kept back the mob for an hour, 
 until foreign aid arrived. 
 
 The viceroy had to order all dispensing of medicine 
 to cease, even at Dr. Kerr's hospital, where for forty 
 years he had ministered to the suffering of this city. 
 But the epidemic continued unabated. Then they 
 started the story that, since no foreigners died, they 
 must have poisoned the waters used only by the Chinese. 
 Therefore they refused to let any foreign doctor attend 
 the sick. But when they found that thirteen got well 
 when treated by a foreigner to only one when cared for 
 by a native doctor, they gradually concluded perhaps 
 it would be a good thing to whitewash their plague-in- 
 fested walls and disinfect their reeking drains, and 
 allow the foreign doctor to help and advise them. 
 
 Just as the plague is abating, we learn Japan has 
 declared war with China. 
 
 In July, I had the pleasure of welcoming one of my 
 professors, Dr. Anna Bromall, of the Woman's Med- 
 ical College of Pennsylvania. 
 
68 INASMUCH 
 
 In August, we had an earthquake that so rocked the 
 house it awakened us. Some of the houses in the city 
 fell. 
 
 Meeting the wife of the British Consul, she told me 
 that the consul whom we met at Lung-Chau had just 
 left with his wife for that post, via the West River, but 
 that one of the customs' men was taking his bride back 
 to Lung-Chau through the Tonquin route. Both were 
 shot in their jinrickshas. 
 
 It shows the place is still in an unsettled condition. 
 We do not regret not opening work there. 
 
 An epidemic of La Grippe (people call it influenza) 
 broke out. Tens of thousands have died. The coffin 
 shops have been kept open day and night, but could not 
 meet the demand, although neighboring cities sent in 
 large supplies. 
 
 Kwong-Sai still appears hostile to the entrance of the 
 Gospel. Pirates are everywhere on the southern 
 waters. Recently eighteen were executed in Hong 
 Kong. A few days after, Admiral Fong ordered sixty- 
 three to be beheaded here in Canton. 
 
 For ten years we have been hammering at the closed 
 doors at Lien-Chou, three hundred miles from Canton. 
 Now the doors have opened, and missionaries are liv- 
 ing there, giving the Light that lighteth the world. 
 
 I have been trying to get all my work in shape before 
 going on furlough. Dr. Mary Niles has kindly prom- 
 ised to look after it during my absence. 
 
 Amongst some gifts is one from a scholar, a white 
 
THE HOSPITAL AT LAST 
 
 69 
 
 silk fan, on which was a poem, the meaning of which 
 may make you smile. 
 
 And skillfulness in art. 
 
 Canton is very dependent upon your help. 
 The angels above are incessantly praisin<- you 
 With a heart that loves your dear ones " ^ 
 You have e:.tended your love to your neighbors. 
 
 Su/'tend'^fLl '" '"'™^"' ^"^-S" t» "-t 
 
 Returnfn Jff ''"'' "^ "'"'' ^"^ "^ peaeefully 
 Keturning to your own country 
 
 May the sea be calm and the road smooth." 
 
 This will be my last letter on this side, I wonder if 
 I have a mother or brothers at home? I seem myself 
 to have been Hving in Bible times, about three thousand 
 years ago. Here the "mourners go about the streets" 
 the wonien are grinding" and the water is being "drawn 
 from wells". The "beggars lie at tlie rich men's doors" 
 and the poor are everywhere". 
 
IV 
 
 Medical College and Nurses* School 
 
 EXTRACT FROM THE ASHLAND 
 (OHIO) GAZETTE 
 
 Julu 11, 1893. 
 
 Many readers of the Gazette will be surprised to learn that 
 one of our oldest and most beloved citizens is about to leave 
 for the Flowery Kingdom. 
 
 Nearly fifty years ago, Mrs. Augusta L. Tulton came to 
 Ashland in company with her husband, the late General Fulton. 
 During the past half century she has been a prominent and in- 
 fluential factor in our city in every thing that has helped to 
 put down vice, intemperance, immorality, and to put in their 
 places those nobler virtues tliat lift men and women up into 
 a higher and better life. 
 
 General Fulton will always be remembered as Ashland's 
 greatest lawyer, and in fact one of the greatest attorneys North- 
 ern Ohio has ever known. 
 
 He was a man of commanding presence, standing six feet 
 two inches, broad shouldered. Withal a scholar, orator, soldier, 
 and statesman. 
 
 Mrs. Augusta Fulton leaves in a few days with her only 
 daughter for Canton, China. 
 
 Eev. Albert Fulton, "Al" as many of us knew him, has been 
 a missionary for twelve years, and is the author of the plan 
 of each member of the church giving two cents a week for 
 Foreign Missions. 
 
 Dr. Mary H. Fulton has spent seven years as a medical mis- 
 sionary. 
 
 On this, her first furlough, she felt her duty to her mother, 
 now sixty-seven, required her to give up her chosen work. To 
 this, the mother would not consent, and announced she would 
 accompany her daughter back to her field of labor. 
 
 This is truly a self-denying act. A greater sacrifice than lier 
 friends realize, Mrs. Fulton leaves her home, and all that 
 
 70 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGE AND NURSES' SCHOOL 71 
 
 makes declining years happy, leaves friends and native land, 
 and two dear sons. 
 
 Many loving words from dear old friends are showered 
 upon them both. 
 
 The prayers and good wishes of a host of friends will go 
 with this Christian mother and daughter, whose self-sacrificing 
 devotion to the Master has influenced them to give up the dear- 
 est spot on earth, with its many hallowed associations, and 
 made fragrant by a knowledge of duty well performed." 
 
 MRS. Archibald Little, wife of Commissioner of 
 Customs of Shanghai, lectured on anti-foot- 
 binding, in the Shameen Club Theatre; the 
 British Consul in the Chair. 
 
 The seventeenth had a large meeting of Chinese and 
 foreigners at the Second Church. Mrs. Little spoke 
 and Captain Yung translated. Many joined the society 
 called 'Tin Tsuk Ui" (Heavenly or Natural Feet So- 
 ciety). 
 
 At this time, Li Hung Chang, Viceroy of the two 
 Kwong provinces, was the greatest man in a country of 
 over four millions of people. Mrs. Little wanted to 
 get the Viceroy's sympathy in this great work of un- 
 binding the women's feet, so sent to Li Hung Chang's 
 son, Lord Li, a letter of introduction from the Italian 
 consul in Hong Kong. He replied his father would 
 receive Mrs. Little and myself at three o'clock Monday. 
 
 Accordingly, arrayed in our best and with four chair 
 bearers, we reached the yamen and were most cordially 
 received, first by Dr. Maak, then by Lord Li, and then 
 by Viceroy Li Hung Chang in his private drawing room 
 furnished in foreign style. 
 
72 INASMUCH 
 
 He is a man of commanding appearance and impres- 
 sive presence, even at the age of seventy-eight years. 
 He was dressed in red silk, lined with ermine, and a 
 fur shaam of sable. He wore magnificent diamonds, 
 one a solitaire on the little finger of his left hand, and 
 a circle on his button on the front of the round hat 
 which the Chinese wear in the house. 
 
 A dozen men stood about the room. Li Hung Chang, 
 Lord Li, Dr. Maak, Mrs. Little and myself sat around 
 a center table on which was placed tea. Lord Li spoke 
 English, having been eight years in England. 
 
 When the visit was finished, the viceroy with his 
 own hand wrote his name saying he would send a hun- 
 dred dollars to our Women's Hospital. Lord Li and 
 Dr. Maak kindly accompanied us to our chairs. 
 
 Dr. Hykes of the American Bible Society, in an ad- 
 dress said, **Forty years ago the missionaries thought 
 it a remarkably good day if they could get six people 
 to take a tract or gospel. This last year the socitety 
 sent out one half million copies of the New Testament 
 and Bible. They are at present getting out an edition 
 of the Cantonese Testament for ten cents a copy." 
 
 He said, "One reason the sale has been so great is 
 owing to the acceptance of the beautiful Bible given to 
 the Empress Dowager three years ago on her sixtieth 
 birthday." Mr. Hykes said that Li Hung Chang told 
 him he saw the copy in the emperor's palace, so she 
 surely received it. 
 
 Emperor Kwung Chi sent a servant to a book store in 
 Peking for a copy of the whole Bible. He was sup- 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGE AND NURSES' SCHOOL 73 
 
 plied with one. In a few days a servant returned and 
 said the print was imperfect and he wished a better 
 one. This was given him. Then the Emperor made out 
 a Hst of seventy books and sent to the store for them. 
 As they could not be had until printed at Shanghai, they 
 knew not what to do. Finally, the missionaries in 
 Shanghai, knowing it would be a long time before the 
 order could be filled by the Society, gathered the books 
 together and sent them to the Emperor. 
 
 After seeing my brother and family on board the 
 steamer in Hong Kong, my mother and I remained in 
 the London mission for my month's vacation. 
 
 Mrs. Well's little daughter had a pet monkey, and 
 one morning she brought it to me to show me how 
 something had bitten its head. It seemed almost dying. 
 I told her to unchain it and put it in the aviary so that 
 nothing could molest it. I told her that I thought it had 
 been attacked by a snake. That day it seemed to be 
 better and the next morning as I went to the mail box 
 I saw a snake, several feet long, inside the aviary try- 
 ing to get at the monkey. The coolie soon came and 
 killed it and Betty was delighted that her monkey was 
 spared. The snake had crawled in through the small 
 open drain into the aviary. 
 
 We enjoyed the beautiful winding walks in Hong 
 Kong and the meetings with different missions. 
 
 In the midst of this, a black war cloud seemed about 
 to burst over China, and we were not permitted to go 
 back to Canton. All the missionaries were ordered in 
 from the interior. The serious trouble began in the 
 
74 INASMUCH 
 
 north by the so-called Boxers killing native Christians 
 and foreigners, looting and burning their buildings. 
 The imperial troops turned in and helped in burning 
 the legations at Peking and killing the German Minister. 
 All consuls have warned foreigners to go to places 
 w^here they can be protected. Nearly all the Canton 
 missionaries are here in Hong Kong or in Macao. 
 
 We heard that all foreigners in Peking had been 
 massacred; that they had fled to the British legation 
 building. With little food and ammunition, had held 
 out for ten days. That is all we heard for weeks. Later, 
 a report came that they were still holding out. 
 
 No troops had been able to get to Peking. Over 
 ninety Protestant missionaries, beside Roman Catho- 
 lics, and hundreds of native Christians have been mas- 
 sacred ; most of them in a brutal and horrible manner. 
 The Empress Dowager and Emperor have both escaped 
 and there is practically no government at Peking. 
 Everything is in an unsettled and chaotic condition. 
 
 At Lung Kong, to the south of Canton, a large num- 
 ber of Christians' homes were looted. Some were 
 abducted and some killed. 
 
 At Shek Lung the chapel was looted. Thirty-two 
 of our converts escaped with nothing save the clothes 
 they had on. In a few days the Tung Kun hospital, 
 church, and the doctor's house were burned. The Wes- 
 leyan chapel at Sun Vi has been looted. About ten of 
 my brother's chapels in the interior were looted. 
 
 The trouble seems to be growing stronger in the 
 south. One night they tried to blow up the Viceroy's 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGE AND NURSES' SCHOOL 75 
 
 yamen. Several persons were killed. Troops from 
 different nations finally reached Peking and liberated 
 tlie besieged foreigners. 
 
 Slowly we are resuming work again in Canton, and 
 things seem to be getting back to normal 
 
 In some homes I would see a coffin containing the 
 body of one dead for over a year or more. A pipe 
 runs from the lid up through the roof. Upon inquiry 
 I learned the priests had not yet found the "lucky site" 
 Sometimes coffins are carried out and set anywhere 
 m the open, where they remain indefinitely 
 
 Many families have suffered great financial loss in 
 trying to meet the expenses of the dead. "To omit the 
 masses for the departed or the offerings made at the 
 grave ,s to incur the anger of the spiteful dead who 
 can now avenge themselves on the living " 
 
 A hundred fifty millions of dollars are annually spent 
 in quieting the spirits. 
 
 When my brother and family returned from fur- 
 ough to Canton, they moved into their new house 
 across the nver to Fai-Ti (Flowery Earth). As all 
 our work was on the city side, it required much time 
 every day crossing and re-crossing. I„ very stormy 
 weather it was some times dangerous. The river is 
 like a great bay in front of the north end of Canton 
 One evening as I was returning after my day's work,' 
 as usual, I called a sam-pan (small boat). The pas- 
 senger sits in front and the rower stands at the back 
 As we were nearing the center of the wide river the 
 rowe, said that it was too dangerous to go on, so rowed 
 
76 INASMUCH 
 
 The sky was dark and the wind so strong, not a boat 
 of any size was to be seen crossing. I felt I must go 
 over that night, so offered several times the usual fare. 
 Finally one man said he had an old boat which it would 
 not matter if he did lose, and bravely rowed me over. 
 
 At another time, half way across, the top of the boat 
 blew off. I caught it and held it up in the water, or 
 the sam-pan would have capsized. 
 
 With the time it requires to go over to my dispensary, 
 the danger, etc., everything determined us to build our 
 houses on the city side, near the church. One other 
 thing made it desirable to go, and that was to get away 
 from a small, very dirty pond into which Edith, Theo- 
 dore, Harold, Ralph, Grace and Horace had all at dif- 
 ferent times fallen. 
 
 One day we made a trip to the Canton Christian 
 College, which was several miles down the river. All 
 about the compound were graves, which the College 
 was gradually paying the relatives to have removed. 
 Over the graves the Chinese make a kind of conical 
 mound, though some are large, elongated and elaborate. 
 
 In the boat, as we were returning, Grace said, *T 
 wish we lived in a graveyard ; it is so much fun sliding 
 down the tombstones." 
 
 As there were no schools, Florence had to do all the 
 teaching. With the care of the house and children, 
 there was not much time for special definite outside 
 work. A Christian home is also a fine example for the 
 Chinese. 
 
 One Chinese visitor asked her how many times my 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGE AND NURSES' SCHOOL 77 
 
 brother had beaten her. She said, *'Not once." The 
 woman, looking incredulous, said, "All these years, 
 and not once yet!" 
 
 From the Hong Kong daily paper we cull the fol- 
 lowing : 
 
 Canton, December 17th. 
 
 "This year will long be remembered in Canton for two events 
 regarded at once as of present and far-reaching importance, 
 both in connection with medical work. The first was the es- 
 tablishment by Dr. Mary Fulton of a hospital for women and 
 children. The second was tlie opening of a medical college 
 for Chinese women. That both these projects have been 
 carried out vdthin a year is a tribute to the doctor who presides 
 over it all. 
 
 "The hospital and medical college are in the west end of 
 Canton, the best residential part of the city. Before the hour 
 for the meeting in the church at 2 p. m., the building was 
 crowded. The number present was not much short of a thou- 
 sand. Chinese officials were well represented from the viceroy 
 to the military officials. 
 
 "The United States vice-consul, Mr. Langhorn, took the chair. 
 After reading of Scripture and prayer, the consul addressed 
 the meeting. 'Ladies and gentlemen: It is a great honor as 
 well as a great pleasure to me to be asked to preside at the 
 opening of this, the first woman's medical college in the empire 
 of China. 
 
 " 'This college is a gift of one man, an American, member 
 of the Presbyterian Church. 
 
 " 'No greater charity can be found than that which reaches 
 to those who can not help themselves — the sick and the infirm. 
 Next to the saving of the soul, no one can have a higher 
 calling than to devote his life to relieving human suffering 
 and prolonging life. 
 
 " 'The Woman's Medical College is a counterpart of the 
 Woman's Hospital adjoining, and at the opening of which, a 
 few months ago, many of you were present. 
 
 " 'Thousands of people perish annually, owing to the want 
 of knowledge of modern methods of scientific treatment and 
 surgery. The need of a woman's college of medicine has long 
 been felt, and the benefits to be derived therefrom will be a 
 thousandfold. 
 
n INASMUCH 
 
 " 'In the course of time the graduates of this college will 
 be scattered throughout the different provinces, giving com- 
 fort and relief to many homes. In this country a woman 
 physician conforms with the high ideals of Chinese propriety. 
 
 " 'Thus, in undertaking to raise the women of China to such 
 a noble and unselfish work in the relief of the suffering, Dr. 
 Fulton has undertaken one of the greatest tasks that has ever 
 fallen to one of her sex. I now have the honor of declaring 
 the Medical College formally opened, I wish every success, for 
 its graduates I sincerely hope that one and all will give it the 
 encouragement and support that such a praiseworthy and bene- 
 ficent institution deserves." 
 
 "After inspection of the new building, tea, coffee and cake 
 were served. The Woman's Medical College, like the hospital, 
 is a model building. There are thirteen students in residence, 
 and already thirty applicants for admission next year." 
 
 Beside the asylum for the insane, in charge of Dr. 
 Kerr, Dr. Mary Niles became deeply interested in res- 
 cuing little blind girls and educating them for Christian 
 work. 
 
 Finding a suitable site on Fa Ti side, suitable build- 
 ings were soon erected and soon a hundred rescued 
 little ones were learning to read the gospels by means 
 of the Braille system. 
 
 Also at this time one of the missionaries became in- 
 terested in rescuing the untainted children of lepers. 
 If they are taken away from their parents before the 
 ages of six or seven, they can generally escape develop- 
 ing leprosy. About twenty of these children were 
 rescued and put in a clean building, with a kind, Chris- 
 tian matron, the whole in charge of Dr. Andrew Beatty. 
 
 There were already a number of fine schools for boys 
 and girls in the city. 
 
 At the close of a busy day, as I was about to inspect 
 one of the new buildings, a Chinese gentlemen came 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGE AND NURSES' SCHOOL 79 
 
 and had a servant place upon my table several strav^ 
 bags containing silver dollars. He said that he and 
 two others had been asked to contribute to a beneficent 
 cause. They were glad to do so and had promised this 
 money in the bags. But some trouble arose and they 
 decided not to give it where they had intended, and 
 after consultation, decided to give it to the David Gregg 
 Hospital for Women. When we counted it out there 
 were over eleven hundred dollars. 
 
 Just in front of our compound they have erected an 
 open pavilion gaily decorated with gilt pictures of ''un- 
 known gods." A tablet bearing a dead man's name 
 was placed on a table, near which were six priests 
 chanting, bowing, kneeling to the idols, beseeching their 
 assistance to bring the departed out of Hades. 
 
 The relatives kneel before the tablet. When the soul 
 is safely out of Hades, the priests break down a bam- 
 boo and paper house on whose door is written "tai yuk 
 moon" — door of Hades. Just at this juncture the near- 
 est relative grasps the table, jumps, saying his father 
 or mother has jumped out of Hades into heaven. 
 
 The priests are paid from a few dollars to a few 
 thousand. The more money the family have, the longer 
 does it take to save the departed, — varying from one to 
 forty-nine days. 
 
 This is the universal custom throughout China. In 
 Canton are about two thousand Buddhists, nuns and 
 priests, and Taoist priests. About one million dollars 
 are expended yearly for idolatrous and superstitious 
 practices in this city alone. 
 
80 INASMUCH 
 
 Almost without exception, the calls to homes are to 
 very difficult cases. We feel the urgent need of a ma- 
 ternity ward. To my great joy, Mrs. Charles P. Turner 
 of Philadelphia, as soon as she heard of this urgent call, 
 gave five thousand dollars for the ward. 
 
 On the site of the old soldiers' camp, we decided to 
 erect this new building. The architects were Parnell 
 and Paget. When finished, there was probably no more 
 substantial building in Canton. The building is prac- 
 tically four stories high. On the lower floor are offices, 
 drug rooms, dining rooms, etc. The other floors are 
 private wards ; each room opening out into a spacious 
 veranda. The architect desired to make the building 
 worthy of the work to be done in it, and it looks as 
 though it might stand forever. 
 
 There is probably no more busy section in the city 
 than this mission compound. It is alive from morning 
 till night and often during the night. Those who have 
 contributed to the establishing of this institution might 
 congratulate themselves, as the money given has been 
 well expended. From one of the Plong Kong papers 
 we read the following: 
 
 In mentioning the David Gregg Hospital, we must make 
 mention of the School for Nurses. While doctors are badly 
 needed, they can not be more needed than trained nurses. The 
 doctor is practically helpless without a skilled nurse. The 
 patients suffer many hardships at the hands of inexperienced 
 nurses. In Canton, it has been almost impossible to get a 
 nurse of any kind. 
 
 It was to meet the great need for trained nurses that Dr. 
 Mary Fulton determined to open a school for nurses. Again 
 Mrs. Charles P. Turner responded at once to the call for a 
 building and sent the money for a home for nurses. 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGE AND NURSES' SCHOOL 81 
 
 The maternity ward was named the Mary H. Perkins Memo- 
 rial, in honor of Mrs. Perkins of Philadelphia, and the training 
 school was named in honor of Mrs. Thorpe of the Presbyterian 
 Women's Board of Philadelphia. 
 
 Dr. Mary Fulton is certainly to be congratulated on this 
 work. It has required no small amount of executive ability 
 to carry through to success institutions such as are grouped 
 about the Lafayette Compound. 
 
 Not the least important fact to mention is that all this work 
 is self-supporting." 
 
 At this time Mr. E. A. K. Hackett, hearing that a 
 building for laboratory and recitation was needed, sent 
 two thousand dollars. Immediately we began erecting 
 this building. 
 
 While I was putting up these buildings, at odd times 
 I translated some of our needed medical books. From 
 one of the journals we quote the following : 
 
 Dr. Mary Fulton has presented the Tract Publication So- 
 ciety with a supply of her translation of "Nursing and Ab- 
 dominal Surgery" by Anne M. Fullerton of Philadelphia. This 
 is a book of thirty-six double pages, Easy Wen-li, printed in 
 Chinese style. The terminology follows the medical lexicon. 
 This is a very valuable gift, as we have at present only one 
 book on nursing, the 'Manual of Nursing'. 
 
 Now with churches, schools, hospitals, the care of the 
 msane, the blind and the lepers, and work developing in 
 the interior, we felt a foundation had been laid. 
 
 The medical work was crowded. The calls to homes 
 before the advent of women physicians, had been, Dr. 
 Kerr said, about five thousand a year. Sometimes four 
 of my doctors were out attending difficult cases in the 
 homes. 
 
 Many lepers came to the hospital begging to be cured. 
 A dear young girl came one day, saying her mother had 
 
82 INASMUCH 
 
 ordered her to go to the river and drown. Another had 
 been beaten and cast out by her husband and had no- 
 where to lay her head. She sat weeping on the hospital 
 steps. Another came saying that her husband said she 
 must not come back if I could not cure her. One woman 
 came with her throat cut ; and another with her tongue 
 nearly cut off. Her owner said she had stirred up 
 trouble by her gossip. One day we were called to the 
 homes of two women who had committed suicide 
 through the medium of opium. 
 
 While I was treating a patient in a home in the city, 
 a woman fainted. I asked the amah to put her in a re- 
 cumbent position. She replied, "Oh! no, that would 
 be the worst thing to do." She dragged her into an 
 upright position on a chair, and forced into her mouth 
 dried ginger. 
 
 Another girl was brought in whose ear was cut off 
 to the lobe, by which it was barely hanging. Her owner 
 had "punished" her in this way. 
 
 Not a day but our hearts are wrung with pity. I 
 understand why His heart broke. 
 
 At the time other buildings were being erected, the 
 Zanesville Presbytery of Ohio gave me three thousand 
 dollars for a house in order that I could be near my 
 work. Since my coming to China, this society had 
 loyally supported me, not only giving the essentials but 
 sending wonder bags (from which a bag was to be 
 drawn every day during the year), and many towels 
 and cakes of soap thus extracted delighted the hospital 
 helpers. 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGE AND NURSES' SCHOOL 83 
 
 The house was erected on the site of the Old Pig 
 Village. When finished, it was one room deep, and three 
 stories high with verandas. I stood the house ''on end," 
 as it were, so that every room would face the south. ' 
 
 Up to the present I had only the Chinese doctors 
 whom I had trained to help me in the college, hospital, 
 trammg and out-practice. 
 
 One of these was Dr. Loh, married at fourteen years 
 of age to a man she had not seen. He paid her relatives 
 a hundred and twenty-five dollars for her Some 
 months after they were married, he went to New York 
 where for ten years he was a laundryman. Occasionally 
 he sent some money. When nearly sixteen years of age 
 she made application to study medicine. Her aunt was 
 a fine teacher of Chinese and had thoroughly instructed 
 her niece in the reading and writing of that language 
 I accepted her as a student and in 1904 she was gradu- 
 ted from the Hackett Medical College. 
 
 I installed her as one of the instructors and as one 
 of my assistants in the operating room. In a few years 
 she became a proficient operator, doing forty-five con- 
 secutive severe abdominal operations without the loss 
 of a patient. She never weighed a hundred pounds 
 ^he was dainty in her person, exquisitely neat, quick 
 and accurate. I never saw her nervous in the face of 
 the gravest danger, nor her hand tremble in the most 
 dangerous and delicate operations. She was made su- 
 perintendent of the Sunday School, which rose from a 
 handful of scholars to between two and three hundred 
 with twenty-one teachers in charge of classes 
 
84 INASMUCH 
 
 When the nurses' training school was opened, a half 
 dozen or more bright young women applied and were 
 accepted. They had never seen a trained nurse and 
 were shy of the white suit, cap and stockings, as white 
 is the Chinese sign of mourning. However, they wanted 
 to be ''like American nurses," and appeared fresh and 
 attractive in the new clothes. 
 
 One evening Dr. Loh, in whose charge were the 
 nurses, came in, white, holding an empty envelope in her 
 hand. She told me that the nurses, knowing how afraid 
 she was of the finger-long, green **horn" worms, had 
 put some in an envelope and had had it delivered to her. 
 They managed to be around when she opened the let- 
 ter. Seeing her nearly faint, they laughed heartily. 
 Of course they meant only fun, but a hospital where 
 the work involves life and death, was not the place for 
 playing tricks. Calling them all in, I dismissed those 
 involved. Never since did I have anything of that 
 kind occur. 
 
 Among the first nurses graduated was a Miss Leung. 
 She spoke English, though she had to take the course 
 in the Chinese language. 
 
 A literary man of the first degree, who taught, re- 
 ceived eight (Mexican) dollars a month. I therefore 
 decided that if the nurses received fifteen dollars a 
 month and board, it would seem princely to the men 
 of all the families, who despised women because they 
 were never able to earn any money. 
 
 On Shameen, the "Foreign Quarter", that is, where 
 the Europeans and Americans (outside of the mission 
 
MEDICAL COLLEGE AND NURSES' SCHOOL 85 
 
 circle) live, the doctor for that community dwelt. He 
 was put in much trouble to get English nurses up from 
 Hong Kong. Hearing of our nurses, he tried Miss 
 Leung. So pleased were the ladies of whom she took 
 care, that they kept increasing her wages. Finally the 
 doctor came to ask if I would be willing to let Miss 
 Leung be engaged just for Shameen at a salary of a 
 hundred dollars a month. For years she has been the 
 beloved nurse to most of the ladies living there. 
 
 Of course this made the other nurses feel that they 
 should have a hundred dollars a month, even if they 
 could not speak English. Soon they were engaged at 
 I know not what prices, but the demand was so urgent 
 and the supply so desirable, efficient, and scarce, that 
 I ceased to make any rules concerning remuneration. 
 
 Just as Dr. Loh was in the zenith of her usefulness 
 and enjoying a wide reputation for skillfulness, her 
 husband returned. He came in suddenly and simply 
 said to her, "Go over to my place." She said she would 
 have to speak to Dr. Fulton first. I invited him to come 
 over to my house for consultation. As it was just ex- 
 amination time, I asked that Dr. Loh be allowed to 
 wait until after commencement. 
 
 But in a day or two he came with another man and 
 chair to forcibly take her away. As this was against 
 the law (permission must be had from the American 
 consul to enter American premises for any such pur- 
 pose), he was restrained. After further discussion of 
 hours and days, and a promise of her repaying all he 
 had spent for her, he gave her a bill of divorcement. 
 
86 INASMUCH 
 
 I believe that "what God has joined together, man 
 should not put asunder," but I could not believe God 
 approved of such helpless girls being sold to men and 
 becoming so much property to be used and disposed of 
 as the men choose. Every son's wife becomes absolute 
 slave of the mother-in-law. 
 
 I was visiting a home recently when a mother ex- 
 hibited with pride her thirteen daughters-in law. I 
 said, "Oh, you have thirteen sons !" She answered, with 
 much pride, "Three; one son has these," pointing to a 
 group of seven. 
 
Recognition and Progress 
 
 AFTER having moved thirteen times, it was a joy- 
 to at last move into a house of my own. Never 
 did any missionary have a more generous, loving, 
 loyal support than the Zanesville ladies gave me. In a 
 printed report of that Presbytery was stated, "Dr. 
 Fulton writes, 'Whatever I have accomplished thus far 
 is your work. I removed a cancer from a suffering 
 woman — You did it. I restored sight to the blind — 
 You did it. I relieved many suflfering thousands. You 
 did it. I thought, Our Father, how good thou art to us.' 
 We had but given Thee of Thine own — a little money, 
 a few things for the comfort of our sisters in far off 
 China, and we never thought of reward. It was done 
 because we loved Thee. Dear Jesus, Thou hast not made 
 us wait until that day, but here and now, we hear Thee 
 saying, Tn as much as ye have done it unto one of the 
 least of these, ye have done it unto Me.' " 
 
 We started a Christian Endeavor Society with about 
 twenty names. We also had a very pleasant general 
 meeting of the Christian women of all denominations 
 in the city. Our object was not only to meet for mutual 
 help, but to emphasize the necessity of daily study of 
 the Bible. 
 
 One of our best workers was asked, a few weeks ago, 
 87 
 
88 INASMUCH 
 
 to lead a meeting. She selected a chapter which seemed 
 most unsuited for the occasion. I asked her a few days 
 later why she chose it? She replied, "I didn't intend 
 to read that at all; but I forgot my Bible in which I 
 had the place marked, and when you gave me a 'strange' 
 Bible, I could not find the chapter. I was afraid to look 
 so long, so I just made up my mind I would read any 
 one." 
 
 This large meeting we have every six weeks, and dur- 
 ing these weeks, we read the same chapter every day. 
 
 Another graduate was of great assistance to me in 
 the odd hours in which I could translate some of our 
 much needed medical books. Just as she was becoming 
 more and more proficient as a teacher, as a doctor, and 
 as a helper, Dr. Fong Sec, a graduate of Pomona Col- 
 lege, California, and a PH.D. from Columbia Univer- 
 sity, gained her promise to marry him. She was married 
 under a marriage bell in my own home, which the stu- 
 dents had beautifully decorated for the occasion. 
 
 Dr. Fong is one of the most prominent men in China. 
 He is connected with the Shanghai Commercial Press 
 and prepares the school books used in the Chinese 
 schools. He and Mrs. Fong have a model Christian 
 home in Shanghai, where their influence for Christ is 
 very decided and very wide. 
 
 Another graduate went to Shanghai and built a hos- 
 pital for the Chinese who were too poor to pay for 
 medical treatment, where yearly she treated over fifty 
 thousand patients. 
 
 Another graduate was invited by some philanthropic 
 
RECOGNITION AND PROGRESS 89 
 
 people of a large city to settle amongst them, and when 
 she arrived they were out with banners and flags to 
 receive her. This was an unheard-of honor for a 
 woman. 
 
 Another, after graduation, has become Dean of the 
 Hackett Medical College. 
 
 After a severe flood, when a number of the country 
 people were made homeless, a mother brought her three- 
 weeks-old daughter to Canton to sell her, as she had 
 absolutely nothing wherewith to support her. The 
 father had taken the two sons and gone north hoping 
 to find work. After walking the streets of Canton all 
 day and offering her little girl whenever she had op- 
 portunity, for twenty-five cents, she finally decided to 
 lay it down somewhere and leave it. Before doing so 
 she asked every passerby if there was any place where 
 she could dispose of the child and they told her of our 
 hospital. 
 
 Just at dusk she came in and told her story. We in- 
 vited her to stay ; put her in a clean room and kept her 
 for months until she could wean the baby. At the end 
 of that time, having become well and having heard the 
 Gospel, she desired to return to her husband and chil- 
 dren, while we were willing to adopt the little girl. 
 Dr. Loh took her into her own home and brought her 
 up as her daughter. 
 
 A patient whose husband had cast her out because she 
 had paralysis was brought to the hospital, where for a 
 year she was unable to lift her hand to feed herself. 
 One of Dr. Niles' blind girls, who is acting as a Bible 
 
90 . INASMUCH 
 
 woman in the hospital, led the woman to Christ. At the 
 end of two years she was able to walk and had learned 
 to read the New Testament. We made her a Bible 
 woman and most faithfully did she preach the Gospel 
 to in-patients and out-patients. 
 
 One day she came in distress, saying that her two 
 little nieces had been held as ransom and were about 
 to be sold. It is a common custom, when a man goes 
 in debt, to send one of his women to the home of the 
 creditor to be held there until payment is made. If no 
 payment is made, the women are sold. I sent for the 
 father to bring up the two children, who were six years 
 of age, twins, and asked him the amount of the debt. It 
 was one hundred twenty-five dollars. This I gave to 
 him with the understanding that I was not buying the 
 girls in any way and that he was to take them back home 
 but he was never to dispose of them without consulting 
 me. Soon we had them in a Christian school, where 
 for years they gave promise of being fine students. 
 
 My old amah had come up from the country in order 
 to earn better wages to help support her mother and 
 sister. This little sister, when a baby, was about to be 
 sold because the mother felt she could not have enough 
 food to bring her up. But A-Hoh begged the mother 
 not to sell her little sister. When Dr. Martha Hackett 
 heard of this she offered to educate Lin-Kum. She 
 finished school and then studied medicine in the Hackett 
 Medical College and is now one of the finest, most 
 reliable doctors connected with the hospital. 
 
 In September, several new missionaries arrived at 
 
RECOGNITION AND PROGRESS 91 
 
 Canton. Amongst them were Mr. and Mrs. Peele, as- 
 signed to Lien-Chau. Just after they reached Lien- 
 Chau, so delighted to be at their journey's end, and at 
 their new home in that interior station three hundred 
 miles from Canton, some trouble arose. It was so 
 serious that the few missionaries living there all fled 
 to a cave. But the mob followed and Mrs. Mackley 
 and her little daughter Amy, Dr. Eleanor Chestnut, and 
 Mr, and Mrs. Peele, were massacred. 
 
 My brother and several others went up to Lien-Chau 
 and in a letter he says, "Twenty-three men have been 
 seized by the magistrate and three were beheaded. The 
 riot was caused by a trivial incident. People are so 
 superstititious in the interior that it requires very little, 
 sometimes their imaginations alone, to incite them to 
 deeds of violence." 
 
 After our new buildings were up, Mrs. Stuyvesant of 
 Boston, while visiting the compound, gave us two hun- 
 dred dollars that we might have electric light in our 
 buildings. The **Mary Fulton Girls' Society" of the 
 Tabernacle Church of Indianapolis paid yearly for the 
 light. 
 
 If friends at home could know how much these 
 lights mean to us, shining in the dark, as we go from 
 building to building at night, more would let "their 
 lights shine" in China. 
 
 For a couple of weeks Albert was in the country, 
 where he baptized thirty-six. 
 
 Drs. McCracken, Scarlett and Remington of Phila- 
 delphia and New York visited the hospital, and per- 
 
92 INASMUCH 
 
 formed some serious operations. The students were 
 deeply interested, as some of them had never seen a 
 man operating. 
 
 It reminded me of a little girl brought up in a woman's 
 hospital at home where there were only women physi- 
 cians. One day she was introduced to Dr. Jones. She 
 looked at him a moment, and then said, "Why, he's a 
 man V 
 
 One of my noblest and most competent doctors was 
 suddenly called to meet the Great Physician. A few 
 hours before she died, she made her will with perfect 
 calmness, remembering friends and relatives with her 
 little gifts. 
 
 She left four hundred fifty dollars (Mexican) toward 
 an isolation ward. 
 
 We have just heard that the buildings of the Eng- 
 lish Presbyterian mission in Amoy have been burned. 
 In July, one of the Wesleyan missionary doctors, Dr. 
 McDonald, was returning from Canton to his field at 
 Wu Chow, when suddenly the bat was attacked by 
 pirates and he was shot and instantly killed. 
 
 South China is infested with these desperate gangs. 
 
 In September, the time of the equinox, a terrible 
 typhoon occurred at Hong Kong and a thousand lives 
 were lost. Among the missing was Bishop Hoare of 
 Hong Kong. 
 
 We had the pleasure of hearing Dr. Agnew Johnston 
 at a series of meetings held on Shameen. 
 
 He asked, "Why do we not have more power with 
 God ? Because we do not do all God tells us to do. We 
 
RECOGNITION AND PROGRESS 93 
 
 do not do his commands. What is the highest thing 
 to which we may attain? PrevaiUng prayer." 
 
 Later, we had another high honor in the visit of Dr. 
 and Mrs. Darwin James. We still feel the inspiration 
 of their presence. 
 
 Had the honor of a visit from Dr. Mean of Phila- 
 delphia, who presented the College with beautiful charts. 
 These are almost indispensable, as no dissecting is, 
 thus far, permitted in this country. 
 
 We also had the pleasure of welcoming Florence's 
 father. Dr. Samuel S. Wishard, eighty years of age, the 
 well-known home missionary amongst the Mormons 
 of Utah, and the regular correspondent for years of 
 the Herald and Presbyter. He gave an interesting 
 talk concerning his work amongst the Mormons, tell- 
 ing us beforehand to "bring our smelling salts." 
 
 If you remember my assistant Valuable, Mrs. Mui 
 A-Kwai, who was with me at Kwai Ping, you may be 
 interested to know that one of her daughters, A-Lin, 
 after studying medicine, became one of the hospital 
 directors and an instructor in the college. 
 
 The young man who married her was a son of a man 
 who had come to America for work. He heard the 
 Gospel in California, was converted and at once wanted 
 to return to China to tell the Story. After theological 
 training in Canton, he was given a charge of the second 
 Presbyterian church which had one of the largest con- 
 gregations in the city. It was the son of this Rev. 
 Kwan-Loi who married Dr. Mui A-Lin. 
 
 At present, Mr. Kwan is the head of our Chinese 
 
94 INASMUCH 
 
 Boys* School located on Fa-Ti. Mr. and Mrs. Kwan 
 have an ideal Christian home, which means much to 
 the many young men on the compound. 
 
 Two of the Rev. Mr. Kwan's daughters graduated 
 from the Hackett Medical College. One became assist- 
 ant in the College for several years. Then she was 
 allowed to take a year at Mount Holyoke College and 
 another year at Columbia University. Upon return to 
 Canton she was made Dean of Hackett Medical College. 
 
 The conversion of Dr. Fong Sec and Mr. Kwan Loi 
 in America has meant a great uplift in China in the 
 establishment of Christian homes and the conversion 
 of more than we shall ever know. These are just a 
 few instances among thousands. Mrs. Kwan and Mrs. 
 Fong Sec were very attractive in their marriage gar- 
 ments of embroidery, satin, silk, jewels and their 
 raven hair. 
 
 I was sorry to lose my doctors; and I can provide 
 for most contingencies except where the men seeking 
 wives are concerned. So greatly were my girls in demand 
 as wives that I made a rigid rule that no *one can study 
 who is engaged to be married. In every case where 
 engagements existed, the young man demanded the 
 fulfilment of the girl's promise, or that of her parents, 
 before she could complete her four years' course. 
 
 One young man wrote and pleaded and urged that 
 he might marry one of my third year students. His 
 final plea was, how could I so cruelly deny this great 
 pleasure to his aged mother, who was only living to 
 see her son bring home a wife. This "aged" parent 
 was just forty-five! 
 
RECOGNITION AND PROGRESS 95 
 
 The work of the year ends with the giving of the 
 diplomas, when we have a vacation at the Chinese New 
 Year, when everybody takes a rest and all business is 
 stopped. 
 
 When my brother returned from the Robert Morrison 
 Centennial in Shanghai, Mr. Louis Severance and Dr. 
 Ludlow came with him as his guests. 
 
 Mr. Severance was much interested in kindergarten 
 work and offered to give a building if the work were 
 started. He also gave money to put a cement walk 
 along our compound on the canal side, which made it 
 safer and healthier. 
 
 Dr, Ludlow, a skilful surgeon from Cleveland, kindly 
 consented, at my request, to operate, as I wished the 
 students to see best operating. He found we needed 
 more equipment. Mr. Severance, hearing of this, told 
 me to order all I needed, which I did. I was glad when 
 a year later, his noted son-in-law. Dr. Allen, President 
 of the Surgical Society in America, arrived. 
 
 To witness the operations of all these celebrities was 
 giving unusual opportunities, as well as high honor, to 
 the students. 
 
 Mrs. Bigelow, a thoroughly competent teacher, came 
 to Canton. Mrs. Fulton, remembering Mr. Severance's 
 promise, enlisted her interest and a school for the little 
 ones, a few doors from our compound, was opened. It 
 so delighted the Chinese that Mrs. Bigelow had to en- 
 gage others to help her, one of whom was Grace Fulton, 
 who had returned from school in America. 
 
 As kindergarten teachers were now in demand, Mrs. 
 
96 INASMUCH 
 
 Bigelow developed the work into what is now the Union 
 Normal Training School. Mr. Severance's son and 
 daughter sent Mrs. Fulton ten thousand dollars for a 
 building for this new work and requested that it be 
 called the Fulton Building. 
 
 Mr. Fulton was pushing the work in the country. One 
 year he baptized five hundred and had twenty-five 
 churches in his care, beside the care of our large First 
 Church in Canton. 
 
 As his field was a hundred and fifty miles distant, 
 he had to go by boat much of the way. On one trip, 
 he was asleep upon the deck of the launch when pirates 
 fired, striking an iron bar near his head. At another 
 time, he was sitting on deck when pirates, in hiding, 
 fired on the boat just following. They selected that 
 boat because the men on it were returning from selling 
 their mulberry leaves for the use of the silk worm, and 
 were supposed to have considerable money. These 
 pirates abound ; kidnapping is frequent. 
 
 At spare times my brother had written a book en- 
 titled, "Progressive and Idiomatic Sentences in Can- 
 tonese Colloquial", used by students trying to learn the 
 southern dialect. It is now in its fifth edition. I had 
 finished a third medical textbook. 
 
 On the old dye-house site we now erected the new 
 Hackett Hall. 
 
 Another commencement came. Seven bright young 
 women received diplomas, as heretofore, stamped with 
 the viceroy's seal. 
 
 His Excellency also sent three gold watches to be 
 
A cultured Chinese lady 
 with hound feet 
 
 Dr. Woo Lin Kunn, 
 graduate of Hackett 
 Medical College 
 
 
 i'4 
 
 0i 
 
 >*"■ S 
 
 im 
 
 1 
 -■i 
 
 
 Ko Ye Ku, once laid out 
 in grave clothes, who was 
 rescued and became a 
 Bible woman 
 
 Dr. Loh and the little 
 girl rescued as her mother 
 was about to sell her 
 
RECOGNITION AND PROGRESS 97 
 
 given to the three graduates who passed the highest 
 in the final examinations. 
 
 Dr. Wan of Hong Kong gave a forcible address. He 
 set forth the magnificent opportunities for original re- 
 search, and showed the remarkable progress made in 
 medical investigation both in combating and in prevent- 
 ing disease. 
 
 Dr. Wan welcomed the entrance of young women to 
 this important field of work as great factors in alleviat- 
 ing the miseries of the Chinese, so often the consequence 
 of ignorance of the fundamentals of the medical art. 
 
 Mr. Wu Ting Fang, formerly minister to the United 
 States, said in his remarks that "he was warmly in 
 sympathy with this medical college. That it was desir- 
 able that a woman should fit herself for a work so 
 eminently suitable to her abilities and so peculiarly 
 adapted to the needs of her own sex." 
 
 The medical college is one of the most powerful 
 agencies at work in this empire for the overthrow of 
 superstition and the enlightenment of the multitudes 
 who are so often the subjects of quacks and frauds. 
 
 Already the reputation of the college has extended to 
 the other provinces. The number of applicants is be- 
 yond the capacity of the buildings to accommodate them. 
 
 Among the graduates one is the wife of a prominent 
 official in the city. 
 
 From an Editorial in the Hong Kong Paper : 
 
 In a quiet, unostentations fashion, the Women's Medical 
 College of the American Presbyterian Mission at Canton is 
 
98 INASMUCH 
 
 performing a great work which must have abiding effects on 
 the social life in China. 
 
 It was a happy inspiration which led to the establishment 
 of this college where native lady students could be instructed in 
 the principles of western medicine and sent out to their country- 
 women in time of dire need in sickness. 
 
 This step in advance cannot be overestimated when we con- 
 sider it will do away with the practice of "charming away 
 illness", fetiches, and wearing of phylacteries. 
 
 There is much in the statement that a nurse has received 
 her diploma. She is now qualified to take her place by the 
 bedside of her ailing sisters. Chinese ladies are noted for their 
 delicacy of touch, their infinite capacity for taking pains, their 
 cheerfulness and good temper and their willingness to assume 
 responsibilities. They should, therefore, make ideal nurses. 
 
 The Training- School at Canton is likely to prove a centre 
 of hope to many a Chinese woman who is suffering within her 
 'zenana'. 
 
 There can be no doubt that a vast field of enterprise is being 
 opened up. 
 
 At the next commencement, His Excellency the Vice- 
 roy came in person to the exercises and presented the 
 graduates with their diplomas. It is the first time in 
 the history of our work that a Viceroy himself has 
 thus honored the occasion. Thus far, all the official 
 class have been very delightful to meet — just like 
 cultured gentlemen at home. 
 
 Taotai Wan spoke. He pointed out how women pre- 
 ferred the services of women. He said he felt ashamed 
 to think a foreigner had to come thousands of miles to 
 establish their first woman's medical college. Now the 
 Chinese should do all they could to aid this work. 
 
 "Money invested in such institutions as this college 
 will bring vast relief, dissipate prejudice and open the 
 way for other needed reforms that will enable China 
 to take a high place amongst other nations. 
 
RECOGNITION AND PROGRESS 99 
 
 The Presbyterians are to be congratulated on the 
 foresight which secured this plant. 
 
 TRAINING-SCHOOL FOR NURSES 
 
 It is only a few years since the first mention of such 
 an institution was made, and yesterday the first nurse 
 was given her diploma. 
 
 Women doctors are badly needed; but they cannot 
 be more so than trained nurses. 
 
 In Canton it is almost impossible to get a nurse of 
 any kind at any price. It was to meet this need Dr. 
 Mary Fulton decided, through Mrs. Turner's generosity, 
 to establish one. 
 
 Both foreigners and Chinese should rejoice that a 
 training-school has been established in this city." 
 
 After the exercises, the audience was invited to in- 
 spect the two new buildings. 
 
 The E. A. K. Flackett lecture hall consists of three 
 stories and an attic. Besides the lecture rooms, there 
 are reading-rooms and laboratories. This is the second 
 large building made possible through the generosity 
 of Mr. Hackett. 
 
 June. 
 The water was never so high. First it came in from 
 the canal over the pavement, then under our gates into 
 the yard, into the lower floors of the church and hos- 
 pital, into the kitchens. We went about from one 
 building to another in a boat ; through the lower floors 
 on rows of chairs. 
 
100 INASMUCH 
 
 This lasted about a week. This whole end of the city 
 was partly submerged. 
 
 College having closed for the summer, I had two 
 buildings thoroughly repaired and re-painted. 
 
 In this country of white ants and blistering sun, re- 
 pairs ought to be made every three or four years. This 
 was our first in seven. It cost nearly a thousand dollars 
 beyond our regular appropriations. 
 
 WRITTEN BY A CHINESE 
 
 "About the middle of June this year, there was a 
 great and fearful flood in the province of Kwangtung 
 and Kwangsi, caused by the downpour of heavy rains 
 for several days and nights, which inundated several 
 districts and many places along the courses of the East 
 and North Rivers. It had attained to the height of 
 from forty to fifty feet, and the enbankments and dykes 
 along the paddy fields were broken and submerged, and 
 villages and towns turned into oceans. Several hun- 
 dreds of thousands of people were rendered homeless, 
 and had to flee to the mountainous regions for shelter, 
 where they were exposed to sun and rain without cloth- 
 ing and food, and were attacked by pirates, who robbed 
 and carried away the women and children. The misery 
 that they had suffered was indescribable. To make the 
 matter worse, and thereby increase their misery, there 
 occurred a big typhoon on the 25th of July for several 
 hours, which destroyed a great number of houses, boats, 
 and killed thousands of people. Consequently the 
 patriotic gentry, merchants and other classes of people, 
 
RECOGNITION AND PROGRESS 101 
 
 have imitated the examples of foreign countries, by 
 instituting a bazaar for the sale of articles, for the first 
 time in Canton. It was attended to by ladies of the aris- 
 tocratic and rich families, and was held for one week. 
 The amount realized by the sale of articles, mostly 
 presented by the ladies, was over one hundred and 
 seventy thousand (silver) dollars. Many high officials 
 and foreign consuls attended its inauguration. The 
 success of the bazaar was chiefly attributable to the un- 
 tiring exertions of the Chinese ladies." 
 
 It was held at the David Gregg Hospital grounds 
 and adjacent lots. As it was vacation, this was made 
 possible by moving the patients into the college build- 
 ing; the freshly renovated buildings given up for five 
 days to the bazaar. 
 
 The Chinese were grateful and the David Gregg was 
 glad to show its deep sympathy for them in this dire 
 time of need. The Hackett College students came back 
 to help. At their stall they sold over ten thousand 
 dollars' worth. They were presented by different per- 
 sons, who appreciated their zeal, with over fifty gold 
 medals, besides several commendatory banners. 
 
 The viceroy's wife purchased a small embroidered 
 picture, for which she paid a thousand dollars. One 
 Chinaman paid a thousand dollars for a bottle of lemon- 
 ade. Two thousand dollars were paid for a bottle of 
 aerated water; a thousand dollars for a small bowl of 
 macaroni. An embroidered picture, describing the 
 misery caused by the flood, made by the scholars of 
 the Hackett Medical School, was purchased for one 
 
102 INASMUCH 
 
 thousand eight hundred dollars. Seven hundred dol- 
 lars was paid for a cup of cofifee. Another paid two 
 thousand five hundred for a bottle of soda water. 
 
 The hearts of the people were stirred so that it is 
 not surprising that over a hundred and sixty thousand 
 dollars were received during one week. 
 
 Wishing to thank Dr. Fulton for the use of her com- 
 pound, an appreciative testimony was sent. It was 
 written on gold paper put on white silk, framed with 
 teak wood and coyered with glass. It was a couple of 
 yards long. It read as follows : 
 
 China is filled with the knowledge of your many virtues. 
 
 There was once a man whose wife, Yam, gave large sums 
 of money to employ soldiers to proteet property from destruc- 
 tion by fire and pirates, and women and children from being 
 seized and carried off by desperadoes. 
 
 By this was peace effected in a wide territory. 
 
 In the second dynasty, — Emperor Sun Wo — there lived a man 
 whose wife's name was Lau, who gave immense amounts to 
 help build dykes to prevent the i)Oor people from losing their 
 grain, their flocks, their liomes and lives, by the great floods 
 which were apt to inundate that vast region. 
 
 These two women are held in highest esteem, because they 
 prevented hardships to men; therefore all generations praise 
 them. 
 
 In this the thirty-fourth year of Kwong Sui, 1906, we had in 
 Kwong Tung a flood. To help those who suffered from this^ a 
 bazaar was held. Dr. Mary Fulton generously and freely gave 
 her woman's college, The E. A. K. Hackett Medical, for this 
 use. She moved out her patients, opened her gates, took down 
 her walls. In all this she is like the two above-mentioned 
 Chinese ladies who helped in calamitous times. 
 
 China has had many illustrious women, but none greater 
 than Dr. Mary Fulton. As she has followed the good examples 
 of Yam and Lau, so may our coming generations follow Dr. 
 Mary Fulton's example. 
 
 Subscribed: I am eighty years old who wTite this with 
 mine own hand. I am a teacher — really guard — of the present 
 
RECOGNITION AND PROGRESS 103 
 
 Emperor Kwong Sui. I have the first button, kap ge ting, 
 and was Viceroy of Kwan Chau. My name is Tung Waa Hi. 
 
 The "typhoon" referred to was the worst in years. 
 
 Monday evening, there was a glorious sunset. Tt 
 was Hke a great throne of glory. Radiating from it 
 were bands of darting light reaching to the zenith, where 
 a roseate circle lined the ''heavenly blue." 
 
 It seemed to promise a perfect tomorrow. 
 
 Shortly after, I was surprised to see a darkened sky 
 and riving lightning cleaving asunder the lower horizon. 
 
 At midnight the wind was a gale. By morning a 
 hurricane. 
 
 Three of our brick walls were blown over. All over 
 the city wreckage and debris. Hundreds and hundreds 
 of boat people everywhere were drowned. Houses 
 shook, some fell ; and the flood of waters began again 
 to rise. By afternoon our compound was flooded. 
 
 In September, college re-opened. Forty-two students 
 are studying. 
 
 We have had many epidemics. The 14th, China's 
 Emperor, Kwong Sui-Kuang-Hsu died ; and the fol- 
 lowing day the Empress Dowager. 
 
 At once all the red papers in the city were changed 
 for blue, or black, or white. 
 
 For twenty-seven days there must be no marriages, 
 no theatres, no musical instruments played upon. 
 
 The new reign is Shun Tung — "good policy". 
 
VI 
 
 The Closing Years 
 
 FROM 1908 to 1913, with the exception of the kind 
 aid given me by the busy doctors in Canton, in 
 teaching, cHnics, etc., I had to depend upon my 
 trained Chinese helpers. 
 
 Each year a class was graduated, and in the more 
 than a hundred to which I had given diplomas, only 
 three were not professed Christians. I say professed 
 Christians because at heart I believe the three did want 
 to confess Christ but because of bitter persecution fhat 
 would follow in their homes, their courage at this time 
 failed them. 
 
 Fifty-two young women were now studying at the 
 college. They came from near and far-away provinces ; 
 were of many different denominations and from mis- 
 sions conducted by those from different countries. The 
 Hackett College, therefore, was indeed a Union Med- 
 ical College. 
 
 At different times we have had the pleasure and 
 honor of welcoming many interested in missions: Dr. 
 and Mrs. Arthur Brown, and Dr. Fox of New York ; 
 Mrs. Peabody and Mrs. Montgomery, Dr. and Mrs. 
 Frances Clark and Mr. Shaw, of Boston; Mrs. 
 Tuenis HamHn, Dr. and Mrs. J. Mills of Washington, 
 and the Misses Tooker of New Jersey, by whose pres- 
 
 104 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 105 
 
 ence we were greatly cheered, and whose appreciative 
 words brought much encouragement under what some- 
 times seemed staggering conditions. 
 
 One such condition was this. After I had a half 
 dozen needed buildings up, and a home for a foreign 
 staff, in answer to my urgent appeal for a doctor and 
 nurse, they were sent. Arriving, they were to have 
 two years for uninterrupted study. At the end of this 
 period, just as they were ready to help, two of the "dear 
 brethren" carried them off. Then I had to begin all 
 over again in getting another doctor and nurse. 
 
 When Dr. Clark was with us, the weather being 
 chilly, fires were built in the grates on Christmas day. 
 While he and his party were in the city, I heard some- 
 thing upstairs fall and sent to see what it was. When 
 the boy returned, white-faced, he exclaimed, "The house 
 is on fire!" At once I sent for the hospital helpers; 
 Dr. Boyd, who Hved next door, hurried over. The 
 women and men stood in a line from the canal to the 
 attic handing up pails of water. 
 
 During this time my brother returned and helped me 
 fight the fire on the third floor. In less than one hour 
 the flames were extinguished, owing to Dr. Boyd's 
 prompt, courageous and hard work, together with the 
 calm, quick work of the Chinese. 
 
 On investigation we found that when the house was 
 built, one of the large beams supporting the roof had 
 been run right through the chimney. From the several 
 grate fires on this day, the heat was sufficient to set the 
 beam ablaze. 
 
106 INASMUCH 
 
 At half past one o'clock our party had returned and 
 dinner was served. Dr. Clark declared it was *'a good 
 one". 
 
 I often returned from attending those ill at home, 
 sick at heart. In every house I found either bound 
 feet, those afflicted with tuberculosis or those addicted 
 to the use of opium ; sometimes all three. 
 
 While presenting the Gospel to a patient in her well- 
 to-do home, her husband walked in calmly, lifted a 
 large, curved teak-wood stool and carried it out. The 
 wife dared not object, but later said, **Hc has done this 
 for so long a time I will soon have nothing left", and 
 she might have added, "And then he will try to sell 
 me." 
 
 In a published letter my brother says : 
 
 Our boat is anchored in the large city of Wu Chow, a few 
 miles within the borders of Kwong Sai Province. We not only 
 preached the word but healed the sick. This morning I walked 
 around the mountain side, went into a small village of mud 
 huts. A few hundred feet away is a broad river which drams 
 thousands of square miles, and pours its water into the South- 
 ern Ocean. 
 
 There is not a trace of beauty, but the missionary must 
 not turn his back for these things. The walls of the houses 
 are built with mud and the roof thatched with coarse grass. 
 Which is a stable and which is a house, no one could say. 
 
 I was asked to come into a shed which had only two walls: 
 the others had been washed away by the flood. In one corner 
 was a rude bed, in which were opium, pipe and the lamp. 
 Shortly afterwards the wretched victim came in. One glance 
 at his face told the story. He had once been a strong young 
 man; he had smoked opium ten years. For some years after 
 he began, he could get work; but now few men would employ 
 him because he did not have the strength of former days. He 
 was so sick that he could barely earn enough to buy opium, 
 and had to get his support from his father, who was seeking 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 
 
 lo; 
 
 to cast him away. For years, when he could get work his 
 wages were eight cents a day and his opium bill four to 'five 
 Had the pleasure been as harmless as sea-bathing he 
 would have done wrong to spend one half of his income for 
 purely self-emoyment; but every day his indulgence Te?t hiS 
 physically and morally weaker. ^ 
 
 Pipe victim is written on his face. Look at his emaciated 
 form, glassy eyes, pallid face, dark lines under hisTyes and 
 his usual ragged and dirty attire, and you have some of the 
 external marks of the pipe's work. He^esembles a vigorous 
 nian about as much as a ship just out of a typhoon resemWes 
 the proud vessel on smooth water. it^hemoies 
 
 In tills filtliy environment we realize tliat opium not onlv 
 smites the victim but entails great bodily suffering by m- 
 anre^erv^lm-^"."^-/^""!^ ^'"''^ ^"* ^^ opium^smTkin", 
 this empL. ^ ^""^ '*' '"''^''- ^^'y ^^""^^^^ ^^^^on, in 
 
 I visited recently a small island in the West River where 
 iTonffTr o" ^"^'"^- '" ''''> ^^"- P-^ «%-e mil- 
 
 "O God! who in Thy dear still heaven, 
 
 Dost sit and wait to see 
 The errors, sufferings and crimes 
 
 Of our humanity, 
 How deep must be Thy casual love ; 
 
 How whole Thy final care! 
 Since Thou, who rulest over all. 
 
 Canst see, and yet canst bear." 
 
 In 1913 the Place Prepared was ready for the dear 
 samtly mother who was in her eight-seventh year when 
 the Master came one early morning and quietly spoke 
 to her. With a peace past expression, she joyfully went 
 with Him. 
 
108 INASMUCH 
 
 All that loving kindness and flowers could express 
 was shown by the foreign community and the Chinese 
 who loved and venerated her. 
 
 For the first time in this empire, the graduates wore 
 caps and gowns, and this unique feature marks another 
 step in imitation of western methods which appealed 
 favorably to under-graduates and those interested in 
 educational work. 
 
 Dr, H. W. Boyd gave an eminently instructive ad- 
 dress on the white plague. He showed the wide-spread 
 nature of this terrible disease and urged sanitation 
 strongly upon people carrying it in incipient stages, 
 and the need of extreme cleanliness in the home and 
 told how, in certain stages, it should be isolated and an 
 abundant supply of fresh air allowed. 
 
 The Christian character of the college is of prime 
 significance. The faculty reserve the right to withhold 
 the diplomas from students for any act of impropriety 
 and for any reason which in their judgment disqualifies 
 them for the medical vocation. 
 
 In a letter from Dr. Robert Beebe: 
 
 "Can you tell me of any doctor (Chinese) available 
 to take charge of our women in Chin Kiang? 
 
 "One of the Hacket Medical graduates has done 
 so well at An-King, in the Episcopalian hospital that I 
 have wondered if we could not get one for Chin Kiang. 
 The doctor there is obliged to go home for treatment 
 and our ladies are looking for a doctor who can take 
 up the work in connection with the foreign nurse. 
 
 "I am writing at their request." 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 109 
 
 The twentieth was China's first day of her New 
 Year. Almost everything is at a complete standstill. 
 
 As the Tartar general was returning in a sedan chair, 
 he was shot. 
 
 The twenty-ninth there were rumors of trouble every- 
 where. A number of soldiers in the city were shot 
 People are fleeing to Hong Kong. Many of the city 
 gates are closed. The people are frightened and anxious. 
 One night I was awakened by an earthquake, but it 
 lasted, fortunately, but for a moment. 
 
 Just now is a feast of lanterns. All the roofs are 
 gay with decorations. 
 
 The Manchurians are becoming alarmed at the anti- 
 dynastic outbreaks. 
 
 October twenty-sixth. Province after province is 
 gomg over to the revolutionists. The city is alive with 
 excitement because the Manchus have yielded to the 
 revolutionists. The reports of fire-crackers are heard 
 everywhere. 
 
 The thirtieth. Political matters have thrown the city 
 into a turmoil. There is only standing room on the 
 trains and boats leaving Canton. The revolutionists 
 have taken Pekin. They have sent word to our vice- 
 roy, here in Canton, to capitulate or they will march on 
 the city tomorrow. 
 
 November tenth. The viceroy has abdicated. Kwong- 
 Tung declares itself independent. The new flag floats 
 over many places. On the Sabbath, our Chinese pastor 
 said, 'This is the first Sunday of the new country " 
 All the queues are being cut ofl^. Men go along the 
 
no INASMUCH 
 
 streets with shears cutting off all the queues they can. 
 
 Fourteen provinces have capitulated. Almost all 
 schools have been dismissed. Many young men have 
 gone to vi^ar, and even the women are trying to go. 
 
 December seventeenth. Shooting was heard all last 
 night. A noted pirate with a thousand of his men joined 
 the revolutionists. They proved false, it being discov- 
 ered that they were in the employment of the imperial- 
 ists. They began rifling the temples, hoping thus to 
 cause the people to rise against the Christians, which 
 might bring about foreign intervention. But the revo- 
 lutionists discovered their perfidy and marched on their 
 barracks, from which the whole band fled. 
 
 The thirty-first. While in church, we heard tremen- 
 dous firing. It was later learned that seventeen prov- 
 inces had voted Dr. Sun Yat Sen for president and 
 wished to make Nanking the capital. 
 
 January tzvcnticth, 1912. The medical congress for 
 all the doctors in the Orient opened its biennial meet- 
 ing today in Hong Kong. Fifteen of the delegates 
 attended the Hackett Medical College Comencement. 
 
 February ninth. At midnight, a few feet from our 
 hospital gate, trouble arose. Rebellious soldiers were 
 quartered in the large gambling shed, and one of the 
 generals was trying to disarm them. Some of the shots 
 came on our verandas. The guns they tried to hide 
 in the locust pond back of the hospital. As some of 
 our nurses saw them, the soldiers called up to them, 
 that if they told they would kill them. 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 111 
 
 The eighteenth. Dr. Sun arrived at Canton. There 
 is great rejoicing. 
 
 I am informed by the acting Governor General that to- 
 morrow, the 7th inst., Canton will celebrate the election of 
 Dr. Sun as president of the republic and that salutes, etc., 
 will be fired. 
 
 I communicate this to you so that the ladies of your family 
 may understand the reason of the firing of heavy guns, I am 
 
 Your obedient servant, 
 Leo Bergholtz, 
 Consul General. 
 
 Ex-President's residence. 
 May 7th, 1912. 
 
 Dear Dr. Fulton: 
 
 In reply to your letter. Dr. Sun Yat Sen wishes me to say 
 he accepts with pleasure your kind invitation to attend the 
 graduating exercises of the Hackett Medical College on the 
 15th of May. I am 
 
 Yours very truly, 
 
 E. R. Soong (Private Sec'ty). 
 
 In 1915 the conference for medical missionaries was 
 held in Shanghai. Up to this time I had translated 
 Who Is God? Remarkable Answers to Prayer, by- 
 Whittle; A Book on Diseases of Children; Roller Ban- 
 daging, by Hopkins, two editions ; Nursing in Abdom- 
 inal Surgery, two editions ; Penrose's Gynecology, two 
 editions; Holt's Textbook of the Diseases of Infancy, 
 two editions. 
 
 When a hurried call came for one on surgery, I also 
 assisted with that, and in the same way with a book on 
 nursing. 
 
112 INASMUCH 
 
 Philadelphia, 
 April 10, 1908. 
 Dear Dr. Fulton: 
 
 A few days ago I received a second and final volume of your 
 translation of my book. Thank you very much for sending 
 it to me. 
 
 I congratulate you on the completion of the Avork and hope 
 that your students will find it of use. With kind regards, 
 
 Sincerely yours, 
 
 C. B. Penrose. 
 
 Dear Dr. Fulton: 
 
 I have just received from Miss Webber of Eochester, a 
 copy of the first book on Infancy and Childhood which you 
 have translated into Cliinese. So far as I know, your work is 
 extremely well done, though I confess my knowledge of Chinese 
 is not extensive, but about that of an average American. 
 
 I am sorry to have delayed so long in sending you the re- 
 vised edition of the Diseases of Infancy and Childhood. Its 
 publication was much later than we had anticipated and came 
 out only very recently. 
 
 I am very much interested in your Avork and I shall be glad 
 to know whether your students find the book useful. 
 
 Yours sincerely, 
 
 L. Emmett Holt. 
 
 From the daily paper: 
 
 The twelfth annual commencement exercises of the E. A. 
 Hackett Medical College at Canton were held Thursday after- 
 noon, June ( 18th, in the Theodore Cuyler Memorial Church, 
 Lafayette compound. The church was beautifully decorated 
 with flowers and bunting, and densely packed. 
 
 Honorable F. D. Cheshire, American consul general, pre- 
 sided. On the platform were Dr. Mary H. Fulton, president 
 of the college, and a number of Chinese dignitaries. 
 
 In his address of welcome, Mr. Cheshire outlined the history 
 of the college, emphasizing the great need of such an institu- 
 tion in South China, and predicted a brilliant future. 
 
 The last speaker was Dr. W. W. Cadbury of the Canton 
 Christian College, who spoke at length on the attributes of 
 the ideal medical college. He believed, from his experience 
 in China, that if given proper facilities for medical education, 
 
THE AUGUSTA FULTON MEMORIAL CHURCH 
 SHANGHAL CHINA 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 
 
 113 
 
 t^le'^'^ZThTLTlf'"'' ^,^^^l«P-g doctors of the highest 
 type, and he took occasion to express to Dr. Marv Fultm, 
 pioneer m this work, the appreciation of the medical fratenity 
 Z?oTlT f ^*^' ^"'^ '^' ^"^ ^^hi^^^d i^ starting this school 
 
 to be est^wlt!^ 7 "'^^^ ^'""''^ ^^^ ^^^«h i« the first coHege 
 to be establ shed for women in China. He closed the idrlrp?^ 
 with a stirring appeal to the students regarding the necessity 
 lit:: V^2f stnde'tT^l^'^ -^^^^^^^^^ *^^--''- i""h- 
 
 Upon the conclusion of the commencement exercises the 
 dedication of the McWilliams building took place. Mr Ches 
 hl% '""J'"' "'"'* ^'"^^^ «^^^^' performed tWs office and hL 
 iW on T .7f T ^'''''^ T'^ ^-^PP^^^^^ ^'^'^ the large gather 
 ing on Lafayette compound. He ended by unlocking the doors 
 of the new building and extending an invitation to fhZ 
 present to enter and thoroughly inspect the same "" 
 
 Ihe building IS a handsome edifice built of reenforced con- 
 crete, fire-proof throughout. It is 'equipped wHh the most 
 modern accessories, illuminated by a semfdirect fghdng sys 
 tem, and every part of the building is thoroughly yentLted 
 It consists of fourteen rooms, nine^f which fre^for prS^^^^^^^^ 
 patients; also a general ward containing seventeen beds- th?ee 
 
 LTnleTfini ^d '^T'?^ -^^^"J f or^lass insLcdon,* th 
 ast named finished entirely in white and fascinating in its 
 modernity of design. Eight rows of seats, rising t er^on tier 
 encircle the room and command an unobstructed Wew of both 
 
 :^rXu^ ""''' ''''-''' '-''''' -"^^^ ^~- 
 
 pn^^T'^' the building stands for all that modern thought 
 and modern equipment can offer in the making of a most 
 
 L^ed:? inl^futm^' '^^*°° ^^ "^^^^ ^^^^^^ ^^"^ '^ "^^ --^^ 
 f^rTL^if* Fulton, Whose untiring services in the cause of suf- 
 
 ^?3f 1^''''''^^.^^?,'"^^" P^«^^^^^ th^ e^^^tion of this mag- 
 nificent hospital m Canton, sincere thanks and support of the 
 community both foreign and native, are respectful due 
 
 A piece de resistance was yet in store for the guests who, 
 Dr P, r ceremonies had come to an end, were invited b^ 
 wl;/ ^ f P"""^*^ residence, where their baser appetites 
 
 Nvere appealed by an abundance of refreshments. 
 
 It having been decided to found a Union theological 
 college in Canton, a site was purchased and the adminis- 
 
114 INASMUCH 
 
 tration building was made possible through the gift of 
 nine thousand dollars by Mrs. McCormick of Chicago, 
 At her request, it was named the Albert Fulton Hall. 
 
 My brother now had about thirty churches in the 
 country and had sent many young men up from his 
 field to study in this theological school ; one year send- 
 ing up twenty-five. In order to be near this work he 
 moved from Lafayette compound to the Theological 
 compound, down the river several miles. 
 
 Many of the wives of these theological students were 
 unable to read or write. To aid them, Mrs. Fulton 
 opened the Elsie Berkeley School for all who could 
 leave their homes and take this Bible course. 
 
 In the bulletin of the Hackett Medical College for 
 1915-16 we read, "At the China Medical Mission Asso- 
 ciation, a resolution was passed 'that we request the 
 American Presbyterian Board to allow Dr. Mary Fulton 
 to give her full time to the work of the publication 
 committee.' In order to do this, Dr. Fulton desired 
 to be released from other cares. The strain of the 
 work that she has borne for many years was greatly 
 augmented by the loss of the one who had been her 
 sustainer and comforter in all her anxiety. 
 
 "The strength of her executive ability is seen in the 
 work as it has gone on in her absence. The wheels 
 upon wheels have gone on in motion as heretofore. 
 From year to year the standard of excellence has been 
 raised. It is not to be wondered at that she feels her 
 strength can not meet the advancing demands which 
 she has created.*' 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 115 
 
 When Dr. Martha Hackett and Dr. Harriett Allen 
 came, they were to have the usual time for studying 
 the language which requires several hours a day for 
 two years before work is supposed to be actually taken 
 up, and then rather severe examinations at the end of 
 the third year. Nobly have they assumed responsibility 
 of all the work. 
 
 A gift of two thousand dollars gold from Mr. and 
 Mrs. David Gamble made it possible to educate a num- 
 ber of worthy students who otherwise would have been 
 unable to take the course. 
 
 The Misses Tooker gave two thousand dollars, which 
 was used for the building of the students' laboratories. 
 This dispensary building consists of two stories. The 
 second floor is used for the different laboratories : 
 bacteriology, histology, pathology, embryology, besides 
 two small laboratories. This was planned and built by 
 Dr. Hackett, who has also purchased property outside 
 the compound in order to have more room for the ex- 
 panding work. 
 
 Canton, 
 December 6th, 1915. 
 Dear Dr. Fulton: 
 
 Your old pupils of the Hackett Medical School have formed 
 an organization for the sole purpose of establishing a hospital 
 for contagious diseases in memory of your good and noble 
 work in Canton, also to express our many appreciations and 
 esteem for you. 
 
 We have received the support of the whole student body 
 to accept the responsibility of raising the money for the site 
 and buildings. 
 
 Our purpose is not only to put up this hospital but to beg 
 you to return to Canton to help us in the way that you only 
 
116 INASMUCH 
 
 can know how. Without your being at the head of things we 
 feel that our efforts would go to naught. We therefore beg 
 you to return and look forward to your favorable report with 
 anxiety. 
 
 We trust that your final decision will be to return. We 
 remain^ 
 
 The Committee, 
 Signed for the Committee, 
 J. Fong. 
 
 About fourteen years after the Kwan Ping trouble, 
 we met missionaries, a gentleman and his wife, who 
 found the people of the surrounding country still hos- 
 tile, — the literati. At one time these two *'alone ones" 
 lowered their most valuable papers, etc., in a bucket 
 down into the well as they heard their house was to be 
 attacked and they themselves driven out. They were 
 saved this, however, and after that worked along quietly. 
 Three had made a profession of their faith. 
 
 The people whom we had befriended sent a letter 
 asking our return ; but it was then too late. Some day 
 there will be a glorious reaping in this hostile province. 
 
 Admiral Pong's village is no longer a place to be 
 dreaded, as formerly when his name was a terror. 
 Christianity is planted there to stay. 
 
 Miss Stewart, the daughter of the martyred mission- 
 aries, is now a missionary going on with the work 
 snatched from her parents' hands. 
 
 Our "pig village" has blossomed. Is it not Dr. Van 
 Dyke who says, "Bacon is the blossom of the little 
 pig ?" It may be in America, but in China it bloomed 
 into a compound. The first bud that opened showed 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 117 
 
 a flower of large proportions and sweetest fragrance — 
 The Theodore Cuyler Church. 
 
 From the second bud was unfolded the David Gregg 
 Hospital and its fine Perkins Memorial. 
 
 The third bud, so eagerly awaited, burst out into 
 the first Medical College for Women in the empire. 
 
 The fourth, the Julia M. Turner Training School 
 for Nurses, brought forth grateful thanks from a mul- 
 titude. 
 
 The fifth is the Zanesville Presbyterian House, at 
 which inn a traveller has received much refreshment 
 on her way to "Jerusalem". 
 
 These blossoms are peculiar in that they never fade. 
 This is because of "the prayers of the saints" in the 
 home land, which bring down showers of daily blessings. 
 
 China is awakening so rapidly that she is not only 
 crying from hunger, but one may say screaming for 
 immediate nourishment in the way of books and help 
 of every kind. 
 
 We will let friends close this account of Dr. Mary 
 Fulton's long term of service in China. 
 
 From the Union Cantonese Church Paper: 
 
 A NOTABLE GATHERING 
 By Mrs. Frank D. Gamewell 
 
 Invitations were out for a farewell reception to be given 
 Dr. Mary H. Fulton, May 19th, by the members of the Canton- 
 ese Union Church. My husband and I were delighted to be 
 included among the foreign guests, and are deeply interested 
 in the newly-organized church and its wideawake interdenom- 
 inational constituency. The eventful day dawned bright and 
 balmy. As we wended our way to the Presbyterian chapel, 
 where the congregation is temporarily worshiping, we noticed 
 
118 INASMUCH 
 
 with pleasure, among others moving in the same direction, 
 several entire families of Chinese — husband, wife and children 
 — a beautiful sight and one that belongs altogether to the new 
 order of things in China. From the chapel door floated a 
 handsome Eepublican flag, while inside the building festoons 
 of small, gay-colored banners fluttered overhead, and clusters 
 of feathery bamboo along the walla and around the platform 
 added to the gala appearance. Just in front of the altar stood 
 a table on which were placed a decorated marble tablet in a 
 frame of Canton black-wood, a large silver bowl and a silver 
 loving-cup 
 
 That autumn I went to America and was gone a year. On 
 my return I called on Dr. Fulton and learned to my sorrow 
 that her old enemy^ asthma, was more persistent tlian ever, 
 and that she would be obliged to seek a more favorable climate 
 in the home-land. I ventured to inquire how the project for 
 a Cantonese church was coming on. "It is no longer a project, 
 it is a reality I " she said. "Yes, indeed", continued Dr. Fulton 
 happily^ "We have a fine Sunday congregation, a growing 
 membership, a live Sunday School, a day-school with fifty 
 pupils and a free school with more than sixty boys and girls, 
 and our new church building is well above ground and being 
 hurried on to completion.^' 
 
 The next Sunday morning, at Dr. Fulton's invitation, Mr. 
 Gamewell and I attended the Cantonese service. We were 
 much impressed with the character of the audience, the large 
 majority young people of the best type, a number of them, 
 returned students, men and women of high ideals and practical 
 aims who feel they have a distinct mission to their fellow 
 countrymen in our great city. At the close of the service, 
 one of the elders. Dr. Fong Sec, showed ua the skeleton of the 
 new plant. When finished, this churcli building will be one 
 of the sightliest and most commodious in Shanghai. The 
 ground-floor is to be reserved for the use of the day-schools, 
 and the auditorium above will be large enough to accomodate 
 four hundred comfortably. A neat parsonage is being erected 
 close by. 
 
 Presented to 
 Dr. MAEY H. FULTON 
 by the Cantonese Union Church of Shanghai 
 in grateful appreciation of 
 thirty-three years of disinguished, meritorious service in be- 
 half of the spiritual uplift and physical health of the people 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 119 
 
 of China, especially in laying the foundations of medical 
 science for and among Cantonese women by 
 
 Organizing the David Gregg Hospital for Women and Chil- 
 dren, 
 
 Founding the Hackett Medical College for Women, 
 Establishing the Turner Training School for Nurses, 
 Initiating the formation of the Cantonese Union Church, 
 Assisting the erection of its church edifice. An inspiration 
 to colleagues, pupils and friends, far-seeing in the accomplisli- 
 ment of good, unfailing in resource and cordiality, matchless 
 in devotion, and exemplary in conduct, Dr. Fulton personifies 
 the noblest and most practical spirit of missionary endeavor. 
 On her enforced return to America, the Cantonese Christians 
 of Shanghai hope and pray for Dr. Fulton's early restoration 
 to that perfect health which she has striven so successfully 
 to bestow to others. 
 
 Then followed the marble tablet, and finally the exquisite 
 silver chalice, which the minister placed in the hands of little 
 Laura, who in turn with sweet, childish grace, presented it to 
 Dr. Fulton. 
 
 Feeling now ran high, and tears were pretty near the sur- 
 face, but the recipient of all these love-tokens, by her ever- 
 ready humor, saved the day for herself and all of us 
 
 She then went on to speak of the future of the church, saying 
 she had no fear in leaving; the work would go straight on. 
 It was already established on a firm foundation, and those to 
 whom, under God_ the care of it was entrusted, would not fail. 
 She exhorted the" people to "Keep the unity of the Spirit in 
 the bond of peace," reminding them that no note of discord had 
 yet been sounded, and that it was her prayer that harmony 
 might always prevail. In closing, she gave as her charge to 
 her dearly-beloved people the words in Galatians, first chapter, 
 verses 12 and 13, reading slowly and Impressively from her 
 Cantonese Bible. A hush fell upon the congregation as the 
 clear voice proceeded, and it is safe to say the impression made 
 in that solemn moment will not be forgotten. 
 
120 INASMUCH 
 
 FAREWELL ADDRESS 
 
 (Delivered at the farewell reception in honor of Dr. 
 Mary H. Fulton at the Cantonese Union Church of 
 Shanghai on May 19, 1911, by Fong F. Sec, Ph.D.) 
 
 I deem it an honor and a privilege to be called upon 
 to give expression to the sentiments that are uppermost 
 in our hearts as we bid Dr. Fulton farewell. . . . 
 It has been my privilege to know her for more than ten 
 years, and, as Mrs. Fong was one of her students and 
 an assistant for three years, I have a good chance to 
 know her, and I have a great admiration for her be- 
 cause of her splendid work for the uplift of Chinese 
 womanhood 
 
 Realizing the great need for many women physicians 
 to help alleviate the sufferings of the millions of wo- 
 men of China, Dr. Fulton undertook the task of meet- 
 ing this urgent need She opened the 
 
 first medical school for women in China with nine 
 students on the ground floor of the First Presbyterian 
 
 Church in 1901 The Report of the 
 
 College for 1914-15, issued just before Dr. Fulton 
 came to Shanghai, showed that more than sixty young 
 women finished the four-year course, and that about 
 fifty students were then taking the regular course 
 
 From 1901, when the college was opened without 
 buildings and money, to 1915, when ill health compelled 
 Dr. Fulton to turn over the work to other hands, is a 
 period of fourteen years. During that period she 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS (2i 
 
 erected and equipped the cluster of clean-lookincr and 
 spacous modern buildings in the western suburb of 
 Canton, known as the Ufayette compound, which is 
 worth at least $100,000. This afternoon, if we could 
 stand on one of the hills to the north of Canton as I 
 once stood, and look down on the "City of Rams" we 
 would be struck with the imposing buildings of brick 
 and reinforced concrete three and four stories high, well 
 planned and adapted to the tropical climate of Kwang- 
 tung, reflected in the Southern sun and towering above 
 the residences in the neighborhood. On one side of the 
 compound >s the throbbing life of Canton with its toiling 
 «.lhons; on the other is the plain with its rice fidd" 
 hly ponds, tropical trees, rivers and mountains. Those 
 buildings stand as a lasting monument of the achieve- 
 SrChil'^^"^'"^^^^^— ^^°-^^~nof 
 
 The details in administering any one of the three 
 ■nstitutions would be sufficient to absorb the at e^don 
 and energies of a person less efficient or of smaller ca" 
 
 1 ,'• , ' ! ' • • -^^^ translated text-books ar^ 
 puWished y the Missionary Medical AssociSn o 
 China, and are used in medical schools all over the 
 
 In 915 Dr. Fulton came to Shanghai. Here she con 
 « her translation work. No sooner was sh setld 
 n this city than she made inquiries regarding the re 
 l-g-ous conditions of the Cantonese livin'g in Sh nghat 
 To her surprise she found that there was'no church fo 
 
122 INASMUCH 
 
 the 170,000 Cantonese here, and that, with the exception 
 of a service in Cantonese held in the Baptist Church 
 on Sunday afternoon, there was no reHgious work done 
 for them. She begun the agitation of organizing a 
 Cantonese church. The idea found a ready response in 
 some of those of us who, for dialect reasons, had felt 
 the need for a church home in which to bring up our 
 children. Under her initiative the Cantonese Union 
 Church of Shanghai was organized. We naturally 
 longed to have a church of our own. However, as our 
 membership is not large and not many of us are well 
 off, we thought our hopes could not be realized for 
 years to come. But Dr. Fulton, always resourceful, en- 
 couraged us in our hope. The Mary Fulton Girls' So- 
 ciety of Indiana, in America, gave $2,000 gold and Mrs. 
 Turner $3,000 gold ; then Dr. Chang, one of her former 
 pupils, came forward with $5,000 and Mr. Au Ben 
 $1,000. This made it possible for us to purchase the 
 
 site The building will be known as 
 
 the Augusta Fulton Memorial Church, dedicated to the 
 memory of Dr. Fulton's sainted mother, who shared 
 in the doctor's work in China for twenty years, and 
 whose earthly remains now rest in Canton. 
 
 This enumeration of the outstanding features in Dr. 
 Fulton's work of a third of a century does not convey 
 an idea of the extent of her influence. We need to go 
 into the villages and cities of the South and see the 
 women whom she trained and inspired with the ideal 
 embodied in the motto of the College, namely, "To save 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 123 
 
 life and spread the true light," at work before we can 
 form any conception as to how many fold her life is 
 being multiplied. Some of the alumnae are filling po- 
 sitions under the Government, in missionary hospitals 
 and dispensaries for the poor, established by phil- 
 anthropic people, some have hospitals of their own, and 
 others are teaching in medical schools. They are not 
 only at work in the two Kwang provinces, but in Fukien, 
 Shanghai, Tientsin, Peking, Anhwei, and only recently 
 one passed through here on her way to fill a position 
 in Changsha. They are also carrying the torch of 
 healing to the Island of Hainan, the Strait Settlements, 
 Hawaii, America, and wherever Cantonese are found. 
 It has been truthfully said that all the Chinese women 
 physicians in South China are either trained by her or 
 one of her students. Dr. Fulton maintained that to 
 meet the increasing demand for properly qualified phy- 
 sicians, the best plan is to educate Chinese to go amongst 
 our own people. The doctors and nurses she trained 
 are answering the call heroically. They are assuming 
 heavy responsibilities. It may be truly said of them, 
 they "Enter to learn, go forth to serve." .... 
 The Hackett Medical College is officially recognized 
 and registered as meeting government requirements. 
 Its diplomas bear the official seal of the Kwangtung 
 government. I remember so well the graduation ex- 
 ercises which I attended during the year that I lived in 
 Canton. A friend and I reached the First Presbyterian 
 Church in which the exercises took place some time 
 
124 INASMUCH 
 
 before the appointed hour. We found the church packed 
 with men, women and children. The place was elabo- 
 rately decorated with flowers of which Canton is so 
 abundant. On the outside was the bodyguard of the 
 viceroy of the two Kwang provinces. On the platform 
 were the viceroy, his commissioner of foreign affairs, 
 Mr. Wen Chung-yao, and officials of lesser rank, re- 
 splendent in their official robes. Sir Liang, former 
 Chinese Minister to America, delivered the principal 
 address of the occasion. As Dr. Fulton, in college cap 
 and gown, stood on that platform and handed the diplo- 
 mas to the graduating class, I thought the sight was 
 wonderfully impressive and the moment a crowning 
 one for any life. 
 
 Dr. Fulton is preeminently a missionary. Knowing 
 that the knowledge of medicine gave ready access to the 
 secluded homes, and that there was no better and 
 quicker method of making Christ known to our people, 
 she emphasized the importance of training Christian 
 doctors. Of all the doctors and nurses whom she 
 trained, only three are not professing Christians. Her 
 aim was to place in every city and large town in the 
 two Kwang provinces at least two Christian women 
 physicians. 
 
 Mrs. Fong and I are particularly indebted to Dr. 
 Fulton's kindness, — a kindness that has enriched and 
 ennobled our lives. I met Mrs. Fong for the first time 
 when I went to visit Dr. Fulton's hospital. It was not 
 
THE CLOSING YEARS 125 
 
 long before I became a regular caller at the Lafayette 
 compound. Dr. Fulton was so good as to let us have 
 the use of her parlors in which to do our courting, and 
 she gave us a beautiful wedding in her home. In grate- 
 ful appreciation of our indebtedness to her, we have 
 named our baby girl Mary Augusta in honor of her and 
 her dear mother, whose sweetness and nobility of char- 
 acter impressed us very much. Our little Mary will 
 perpetuate Dr. Fulton's influence in our home. It will 
 be our aim to train our little one to follow her example. 
 After saying all this, I feel that my words are so 
 feeble and inadequate to convey the feelings that crowd 
 up for expression as we realize that we have to say 
 good-bye to Dr. Fulton so soon. Most of us in this 
 church have not known her long, yet, as a church, we 
 
 have come to depend upon her We 
 
 shall miss her inspiring presence in our services, her 
 cheering words and unfailing counsel in times of per- 
 plexity. Our church building yonder will remind us of 
 what she has done for us and her life among us. . . . 
 We hope that the salubrious climate of the sunny, sunny 
 land of Southern California will do wonders for her 
 health. We wish her a safe journey and a pleasant 
 stay in America. We pray for her early restoration to 
 health and hope that she will come back to us. 
 
4978 TfT<j?fv43 
 
 J?- 20-95 32] 
 
 
 Fs i 
 
DATE DUE 
 
 
 4^ 
 
 HIGHSMITH #45230 
 
rilll1liniltenin,'.'7r^^-S>'^*^ Library 
 
 1 1012 01113 2349