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CORNELL LAB of ORNITHOLOGY
LIBRARY
AT SAPSUCKER WOODS
Illustration of Snowy Owl by Louis Agassiz Fuertes
wing
DATE DUE
GAYLORD PRINTED IN U.S.A.
CANADA
DEPARTMENT OF MINES
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY BRANCH
Hon. W. TEMPLEMAN, MINISTER: A P. Low, Deputy MINISTER; R. W. Brock, Director.
CATALOGUE
oF
CANADIAN BIRDS
BY
JOHN MACOUN,
Naturalist to the Geological Survey, Canada.
AND
JAMES M. MACOUN,
Assistant Naturalist to the Geological Survey, Canada,
OTTAWA:
GOVERNMENT PRINTING BUREAU
1909.
[No. 973.]
OANITH
Q
oes
Acs
(909
The Catalogue of Canadian Birds was published in three parts,
the first appearing in 1900 and the last in 1904.
In it were enumerated systematically all the known birds of
Canada together with the principal facts in regard to their distribu-
tion, migrating and breeding habits. The interest taken in this sub-
ject by the public was evinced by the reception accorded the cata-
logue, the stock being exhausted almost immediately after publica-
tion. In the present edition much of the matter has been re-written
and many additional facts recorded and the whole combined into
one volume.
R. W. BROCK.
Ottawa, Oct., 21, 1909.
PREFACE.
In compiling this catalogue the authors have endeavoured to
bring together facts on’ the range and nesting habits of all birds
known to reside in, migrate to or visit, the northern part of the
continent. In addition to the Dominion of Canada they have
therefore included Newfoundland, Greenland and Alaska. The
nomenclature and the numbers given in the latest edition and supple-
ments of the Check-list published by the American Ornithologists’
Union have been madé the basis of arrangement of the catalogue.
The order followed in the notes on each bird is, as a general rule, from
east to west. Greenland is generally cited first and British Columbia
and Alaska last. As the catalogue is intended to be a popular and
practical one, the English names of the birds are placed first, but the
species are arranged in their scientific order and in accordance with
the latest nomenclature. While recognizing the differences upon which
many of the technical names have been based, the writer holds that
some of them, depending as they do upon local and almost upon
individual variations from a common type, possess from any practical
or educational standpoint but a minor value. To an investigator of
changes resulting from environment such differences are of great
interest, but to any one anxious only to obtain the facts in regard to
the distribution of our birds as readily determinable, they are unimpor-
tant. Until the publication of the first edition of this Catalogue, no
attempt had been made to produce a work dealing with the ornith-
ology of the region now embraced in the Dominion of Canada since
the publication of the Fauna Borealt Americana by Swainson and
Richardson, in 1831. In the work referred to the authors include
separate notices of all birds that had been recorded north of Lat.
48°. Two hundred and forty species are described and twenty-seven
additional West Coast species are added, making a total of two
hundred and sixty-seven species known at that date.
The first attempt to catalogue the birds of Canada as a whole
was made in 1887, when Mr. Montague Chamberlain, of St.
John, New Brunswick, published A Catalogue of Canadian Birds
with Notes on the distribution of the Species. Previous to this,
Mr. Thomas MclIlwraith, of Hamilton, Ontario, published his Birds
of Ontario, which included the birds known to occur in that province
iv PREFACE,
only. The second edition of this work was published in 1894 and
included 317 species. The Birds of Manitoba, by E. T. Seton, was
published by the Smithsonian Institution in 1891, and, as its name
implies, covered little more than that province. Mr. C. E. Dionne,
of Quebec, published a catalogue of the birds of that province, with
notes on their geographical distribution, in_1889, and in 1896 Mr.
Emest D. Wintle published in Montreal a valuable little work
entitled Birds of Montreal. Mr. John Fannin, the curator of the
Provincial Museum in Victoria, British Columbia, published a
Catalogue of the Birds of British Columbia, the second edition of
which was issued in 1898. In this catalogue he included his own
extensive knowledge and that of all other observers in the province.
Since then a new edition of this Catalogue has been published by
Mr. Kermode the present curator of the museum. While others were
engaged in gathering and publishing the valuable information con-
tained in the above mentioned works and others of less importance,
the writer although attending to other subjects which claimed most
of his time had constantly before him the necessity of the present
work and has been collecting notes and observations for it during
all his journeys since 1879, while his assistant, Mr. J. M. Macoun,
has carried on similar work since 1885. The summers of 1879 and
1880 were spent by the writer on the prairies west of Manitoba, the
season of 1881 in northern Manitoba, the summers of 1882 and 1883
along the lower St. Lawrence, that of 1884 around Lake Nipigon,
of 1885 in the Rocky and Selkirk mountains on the line of the
Canadian Pacific railway, of 1887 on Vancouver Island and of 1888
on Prince Edward Island. Mr. J. M. Macoun spent the early spring
and summer of 1885 at Lake Mistassini and in 1888 travelled from
Lesser Slave Lake east by way of the Athabaska and Churchill
rivers to Lake Winnipeg. The notes for the years mentioned above
appear under our own names. Practically all observations made
by either of us since that time are credited to Mr. William Spread-
borough, who since 1889 has accompanied either one or other of us
to the field nearly every year and as all the collecting was done by
him some confusion and repetition has been obviated by the inclusion
of our own observations with his and by the omission of our names
for the years he was with us. In some years, notably in 1896,
1898, 1904, 1906 and 1907, Mr. Spreadborough worked quite inde-
pendently of either of us. It detracts nothing from the importance
of other notes published for the first time in this Catalogue to say
that its chief value is to be found in the matter credited to Mr.
PREFACE. Vv
Spreadborough. His notes, revised by us, cover nearly the whole
Dominion from Labrador and Hudson bay to Vancouver island and
north to the Peace river. A more detailed statement of the work done
in each year will give a better idea of the extent of country covered.
In 1889 Mr. Spreadborough was with the authors for two months
at Hastings and Agassiz on the lower Fraser river; the remainder
of the season was spent between Spence Bridge and the Columbia
river. The next season he began work at Revelstoke, on the
Columbia and spent the summer in the mountains south and east.
The spring of 1891 found him at Banff in the Rocky mountains
before the birds began to move, and he remained there all summer.
As Mr. E. T. Seton (then E. Seton-Thompson) had already covered
Manitoba with his excellent work, it was considered best for Mr.
Spreadborough in the following year to visit Indian Head in the
prairie country to the west of that province noting all the migrants,
as in previous years, and obtaining skins and recording the summer
birds of that district. In the spring of 1893 he beganwork on
Vancouver island and made collections during the whole season-
In 1894 the district around Medicine Hat, Alta., and eastward to
Crane lake, Sask., was examined and in 1895 the prairie region
south of the Canadian Pacific Railway.. In all these years Mr.
Spreadborough worked under the direction of the writer. The
summer of 1896 was spent by him on Hudson bay and across Ungava
and in 1897 and 1898 he was in the Rocky mountains, in the former
year working with the writer south to Crow Nest Pass, in the latter
independently in the Yellow Head Pass. In 1900, again with the
writer, the collecting season was spent in Algonquin Park, Ont.
During 1901, 1902, 1903 and 1905, Mr. Spreadborough was with
Mr. J. M. Macoun; rgor was spent in the Coast Range, B.C., chiefly
around Chilliwack lake; 1902 between Trail and Cascade on the
International Boundary; 1903 in the Peace River region and 1905
again on the International Boundary between Cascade and Chilli-
wack lake, thus completing a traverse of the whole region between
the Columbia and the western slope of the Coast Range; the country
between Chilliwack Lake and Douglas on the Coast was examined
in 1906. The year 1904 was, perhaps, the most important of any,
as the early spring was spent by Mr. Spreadborough in the vicinity
of Fernie and Elko, B.C., thus connecting the work of 1897 with
that of 1902, and the early summer and autumn months on the
south and west coasts of Hudson bay where he studied the habits
vi PREFACE.
of the waders and swimmers which frequent that region. The seasons
of 1907 and 1908 were spent by him on Vancouver Island.
The chief sources from which published observations and notes
have been compiled are indicated in a brief and far from complete
bibliography. As regards Greenland and Alaska no attempt has
been made to utilize all that has been published. It has been
thought sufficient to refer to the most important lists and to include
all the species known to occur in these regions. It cannot be hoped
that no important omissions have been made in the distribution of
Canadian birds, but as the authors expect to publish annually an
addendum to this catalogue the necessary corrections will be made
from time to time and the co-operation of collectors and observers
is solicited for this work.
In addition to the list of authorities cited, manuscript lists and
notes on nesting habits have been furnished the writers by Mr. J. H.
Fleming, Toronto, Ont.; Mr. W. E. Saunders, London, Ont.; Mr.
Geo. Witte, Ottawa, Ont.; Mr. E. T. Seton, Cos Cob, Conn.; Mr. A.
C. Bent, Mr. Walter Raine, Toronto, Ont.; Mr. J. Dippie, Calgary,
Alta. ; Mr. Robt. Elliott, Plover Mills, Ont.; Mr. P. A. Taverner,
Bracebridge, Ont.; Mr. C. R. Harte, Nova Scotia; Mr. Harold Tufts,
Wolfville, N.S.; Rev. C. J. Young, Madoc, Ont.; Rev G. Eifrig,
Ottawa, Ont.; Mr. J. Hughes-Samuel, Toronto, Ont.; Mr. W. H.
Moore, Scotch Lake, N.B.; Mr. Alfred L. Garneau, Ottawa, Ont.;
Mr. A. B. Klugh, Guelph, Ont.; Mr. A. F. Young, Penetanguishene,
Ont.; Mr. Norman Criddle, Aweme, Man.; Mr. Geo. A. Atkinson,
Portage la Prairie, Man.; Mr. E. F. G. White formerly residing in
British Columbia, but now at Ottawa; many members of the Geolo-
gical Survey staff and others who have contributed notes or short lists.
The whole series of the Transactions of the Natural History Society of
Nova Scotia; the Bulletin of the Natural History Society of New Bruns-
wick; the Canadian Naturalist and Record of Science, Montreal; the
Ottawa Naturalist; the Journal of the Canadian Institute, Toronto; the
Auk, published in New York and the Wilson Bulletin have been drawn
on for notices of rare species and local lists by various contributors.
The greater part of the compilation of the new material for this
edition of the Catalogue has been done by my assistant Mr. J. M.
Macoun. The very complete index was made by Miss Marie C.
Stewart.
JOHN MACOUN.
OTTAWA, 15 October, 1909.
LIST OF PRINCIPAL AUTHORITIES CITED.
Arctic Manual and Instructions for the Arctic Expedition, 1875.
Brooks, Allan. Various papers on British Columbia Birds in the
Auk and the Ottawa Naturalist.
Bigelow, Henry B. Birds of the Northeastern Coast of Labrador,
The Auk, vol. xix.
Boutelier, Jas. Lists of the Birds of Sable Island in The Ottawa
Naturalist.
Bent, A. C. Birds of Southwestern Saskatchewan, The Auk, vol.
XXV.
Bishop, Louis B. Birds of the Yukon Region, N. A. Fauna, No. 19.
Chamberlain, Montague. 1890 at least one individual
of this species has been observed several times through the summer.
(Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) Quite a number of field sparrows were
noted at Eganville, Renfrew co., Ont., Oct, 12th, 1906. A few
days previously Mr. E. White saw one or more near Ottawa. (Rev.
G. Etfrig.) Not common in eastern Ontario. (Rev. C. J. Young.)
Summer resident at Toronto, Ont ; sometimes abundant; Mr. Kay
took one specimen at Port Sydney, Muskoka district in the summer
of 1890. (J. H. Fleming). I have found this bird fairly plentiful
in suitable places around Toronto; and have met with it as early as
April 12th. Took two on April 22nd, 1899. They usually haunt
waste ground in which occasional clusters of bushes are found. I
know of one spot of waste ground interspersed with small patches
of witch hazel and scrub oak, which is never without a few repre-
sentatives of this pretty little sparrow. Breeds here. Can easily
be identified at a considerable distance by its cinnamon-tipped
beak. (J. Hughes-Samuel.) Locally distributed, but generally
common near London, Ont. Easily found by its song, but not
conspicuous otherwise. It nests both on the ground and in small
shrubs one to four feet from the ground. In my trips to the Bruce
peninsula have seen but few of these birds; while at Kazabazua,
40 miles north of Ottawa, it has been fairly common at every visit.
Arrives at London about April 20th and departs about October 2nd.
There is probably a considerable area of the central part of western
Ontario from which this bird is absent. (W. E. Saunders.)
Very rare summer resident, Red river settlement; breeding.
(D. Gunn.) Winnipeg; summer resident ; tolerably common.
(Hine.) Have seen it west of Winnipeg. (R. H. Hunter.) Qu’-
Appelle; common summer resident; breeds; arrives about April
15th. (Guernsey.) All the above references are taken from E. T.
Seton’s ‘‘Birds of Manitoba” and it may be noted that none are
his own observations. My opinion from many years’ observation
and correlation of other statements is that nearly all, if not all the
above references are erroneous, and that they apply to the clay-
coloured spatrow (Spizella pallida) which we know is abundant, at
least in western Manitoba. The latter, though abundant, was not
34
530 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA.
recorded by Guernsey, R. H. Hunter, nor Mr. Hine, so that in these
three cases I am quite sure that the identification is wrong. I
doubt very much the occurrence of this bird at Winnipeg. Mr.
Atkinson is of the opinion that the Manitoba records refer to the
tree sparrow. -(Macoun.)
BreEDING Notes.—I have found the nest several times by the
roadside in a small bush. It appears to be a late breeder as the
nests I found had fresh eggs in them in July. If closely observed
this bird is unmistakable, being easily recognized by its waxen-
coloured bill, Not common in Eastern Ontario. I have, however,
found it breeding in the township of Lansdowne, Ont., on three
occasions. I also found a nest on the ground in a pasture near
second growth woods in the township of Oso, N. Frontenac, in
June, 1904. It also breeds in the vicinity of Kingston Mills, Ont.,
in dry pastures. (Rev. C. J. Young.)
CCXXVIII. JONCO Wac ter. 1831.
567. Slate-coloured Junco.
Junco hyemalis (LInN.) Sci. 1857.
Not observed in the Ungava district of Labrador; but common
in the eastern and southern portions. Breeds at Davis inlet and
Rigolet. (Packard.) Observed one individual on Moose river, June
7th, 1896; one on James bay, June 18th; found a pair breeding at
Fort George; only seen twice in crossing Ungava from Richmond
gulf to Fort Chimo. (Spreadborough.) Locally common as far as
the tree line in northeastern Labrador, particularly at Aillik. (Bige-
low.) Two specimens taken at Northwest river, Labrador, July
28th, 1891. (Norton.) A summer migrant and tolerably common
in Newfoundland. (Reeks.) A few individuals seen along the.
Humber river, Newfoundland, 1899. (Lowis H. Porter.) A few
specimens were seen on Sable island, N.S., in April and one in June,
but on October 4th and 23rd, 1902, they were quite numerous; one
seen May 16, 1904; several, April 30, 1905, and in the autumn, Oct.
7 and Nov. 12; they were seen in large flocks after a heavy gale on.
Noy. 5, 1906; several were seen April 1, 1907, and one on June 17,
1907. (J. Boutelter.)
CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 531
Very common throughout Nova Scotia; breeds everywhere
(Downs.) Seen several times during the winter at Parrsboro,
Cumberland co., N.S.; migrants arrived at Shulee on March 18th,
and in a few days were abundant. (Morrell.) Quite common on Cape
Breton island, N.S., July and August, 1898, nests taken on Smoky.
mountain, August 1st, and at Margaree, July 16th; common along
Rustico bay, Prince Edward island, June 29th, 1888. (Macoun.)
Very abundant at Sydney, Cape Breton island. (C. R. Harte.)
Very common from April to November in Nova Scotia. Often ob-
served throughout the winter. (H. F. Tufts.) Next to the Savanna
sparrow this is probably the most abundant bird on Prince Edward
island. It is found everywhere—in door-yards, in open fields, fern-
clothed clearings, even deep woods. Its nest is on the ground,
preferably under something—the bottom rail of a fence or a hole
in some grassy bank. Young were just beginning to fly June 23rd,
and a week later, nests with fresh eggs indicated a second laying.
(Dwight.) Very common summer resident in New Brunswick.
(Chamberlain.) An abundant summer resident at Scotch Lake,
York co., N.B. (W.H. Moore.) Very common in the Restigouche
valley, N.B. (Brittain & Cox.) Breeds, but is irregularly dis-
tributed on the Magdalen islands. (Bishop.) Of general and
uniform distribution on the shores and islands of the Gulf of St.
Lawrence. (Brewster.) Abundant in summer at Lake Mistas-
sini, northern Quebec. (J. M. Macoun.) Taken at Beauport;
common summer resident in eastern Quebec. (Dionne.) An
abundant summer resident at Montreal ; breeds in Mount Royal
park. I have found their nests, with eggs, from May 17th to June
1gth, and have observed them here from March 29th to October
25th; and on one occasion I saw two here, Dec. 24th, 1882. (W¢nile.)
A common summer and autumn migrant. A few remain to
breed around Ottawa. (Ottawa Naturalist, Vol. V.) I notice that
this bird is a common spring and autumn migrant in eastern Ontario.
Numbers of them arrive in the latter part of September, and are
met with commonly in clearings and stubble fields during October.
In the spring they re-appear early in April and continue through
the month. A few breed in the county of Renfrew, and I have met
with the nest in June. I have not noticed that it breeds along the
St. Lawrence, though I have watched for it in suitable localities.
It breeds sparingly on the Magdalen islands, as well as at Pictou,
34%
532 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA.
Nova Scotia, and I found it breeding not uncommonly in North
Hastings, Ont., in 1906. (Rev. C. J. Young.) Abundant migrant
at Toronto, Ont., breeds rarely. A common breeding summer
resident in the Parry Sound and Muskoka districts; very fond of
nesting near old bush roads. (J. H. Fleming.) A few remain around
Toronto every winter. (J. Hughes-Samuel.) Abundant every-
where along the Parry Sound railway within the Algonquin park,
Ont.; young ones were able to fly by June 19th, 1900; nests were
found on the ground near logs and another beneath a tuft of grass
on July 15th, 1900. Observed a few on both sides of James bay in
1904. (Spreadborough.) London seems to be nearly the southern
limit of this species; here it is rare in summer, but at Bryanston,
fifteen miles northeast, it is fairly common in the same class of
woods; and in north Bruce it is quite common. There have been
two or three seasons in the last twenty years when it has been noted
regularly throughout the summer, but, as a rule, it is only found
in large cedar swamps, and even then in small numbers. Although
nesting usually on the ground, one nest was found here ten feet above
the ground in a thicket of vines against a brick wall and contained
five eggs, an unusually large set. Nests on the ground are almost
invariably made on sloping ground, and the nest placed well back
in an excavation. (W. E. Saunders.) Abundant during migra-
tions at Guelph, Ont., especially in spring; common in winter and
scarceinsummer. (A.B. Klugh.) Acommon and breeding summer
resident at Penetanguishene, Ont. (A. F. Young.)
A specimen was taken June 2oth at Norway House, where the
species was common; another was secured July 3rd, one of a number
seen in the spruce and tamarack woods about Oxford House, and
the species was again observed while we were ascending Steel river,
September 1st. (Preble.) Fort Churchill, Hudson bay. (Clarke.)
The snowbird appeared along the Mouse (Souris) river about the
middle of September in troops as usual and at once became abundant.
These specimens were pure hyemalis. (Coues.) An abundant
migrant in Manitoba, frequenting thickets and hillsides. A few
may breed in the northern part of the province; generally diffused
at least as far as the east end of Great Slave lake. (E. T. Seton.)
Abundant migrant in Manitoba and west, but not noted breeding.
(Atkinson.) This species was first seen April 4th, 1892, at Indian
Head, Sask., and disappeared by the 15th May; none seemed to
CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 533
breed here; first seen at Medicine Hat, Sask., on April roth, 1894,
and later in the month a few more; a common species at Edmonton
and south in the foothills to Crow Nest pass ; abundant from mouth
of Lesser Slave river to Peace River Landing, lat. 56°, 15’, June,
1903; common from Edmonton to Yellowhead pass, Rocky moun-
tains, June, 1898. (Spreadborough.) Abundant at Grand rapids of
the Saskatchewan, where it was breeding; nests in thick bushes
along the river bank opposite the fort. (Nutting.) Very abundant
migrant at Prince Albert, Sask., in spring and fall; saw a small flock
at Prince Albert, July 23, 1903, so I presume they breed. (Coubeaux.)
First noticed, May 9th, 1888, at Red Deer river, north of Calgary;
common from that point to Edmonton and Athabaska Landing and
up to Little Slave river; rare down the Athabaska river to Fort
McMurray; not seen at all on the Clearwater river until Methye
portage was reached; very common on the portage and from there
to Isle 4 la Crosse. (J. M. Macoun.) Rare straggler at Chilliwack;
have taken it twice. (Brooks.) This bird is merely a summer
resident of the Northwest Territories, and is not common nor was
it seen by us beyond lat. 57°. (Richardson.) North to Fort Good
Hope on the Mackenzie river. (Ross.) This species breeds in the
forest and to the border of the ‘‘barrens,” where several birds, nests
and eggs were secured; the nests were always on the ground and
made with fine hay lined with deer hair. (Macjarlane.)
This is one of the rarest sparrows visiting Behring sea; it is, how-
ever, much more numerous in the interior and is found along the
entire course of the Yukon, at the mouth of which it breeds; it extends
its summer range along the Norton sound shore of Behring sea and
the coast of the Arctic about Kotzebue sound, yet there is no record
of it having been taken on the coast of southeastern Alaska, nor
does it occur on any of the islands of Behring sea. (Nelson.) This
species is rarely common at St. Michael; it is seen only in May and
November. (Turner.) This is a straggler at Point Barrow, only
one specimen being taken on May 24th, 1883, which was a male.
(Murdoch.) At the time of our arrival at our winter camp on the
Kowak, and up to the 9th September, juncos were seen nearly every
day, though not more than five at a time; they were always met
with in the deep spruce woods; the last were seen on the 12th Sep-
tember; in the following spring they were noted on the 23rd May;
they were never numerous, two pairs being the most that were seen
534 GEOLOGICAL SURVEY OF CANADA,
in half a day’s hunt; this species was not noted further down the
Kowak than near the mouth of the Squirrel river, where a pair was
seen on June 8th. (Grinnell.) Common at Hope, on Cook inlet,
Alaska, in August, 1900. (Osgood.) Five specimens were taken on
the Kenai mountains and at Homer, Alaska, in August and Sep-
tember, 1901; the breeding ground of this junco was in extensive
alder patches just above timber line; they were quite common and
were found in all such localities visited. (Figgins.) From Log
Cabin on the White pass, to Circle City in Alaska, this bird occurs
everywhere. The slate-coloured sparrow, Gambel’s sparrow and the
western chipping sparrow were most common about heaps of brush
left by lumbermen, weed-grown clearings resulting from forest fires
and cabins of the towns. Every nest was sunk in the ground to
the rim in an open place under a weed or tussock of grass. One
contained a few dark hairs, besides the usual fine grass lining.
(Btshop.)
BREEDING NotTEes.—The nesting season of this species in New
Brunswick is May and June. From three to five eggs are laid in
a, well-concealed nest placed on the ground, under the protection of
a rock, sod, root or log. The nest is composed of grass stems lined
with hair. One nest was found made entirely of hair taken from a
piece of cariboo skin. (W.H. Moore.) One nest found on Chelsea
mountain, nine miles from Ottawa, on May 12th, 1903, and another
taken on Montreal mountain on June 3rd, 1903, were in holes in the
ground; each nest was made of grass and hair and each contained
four eggs, and measured 4 x 2 and 2.50 x 1.50 inches. (Garneau.)
Not a common summer resident at Ottawa. Nest in a low bush or
on the ground, composed of strips of bark, rootlets and hairs, lined
with moss and hair; eggs 4 or 5, greenish-white, spotted and blotched
with reddish-brown. (G. R. White.) Found a nest, June 3, 1903,
at Missinabi, Ont.; it was under a clump of grass and made of grass
lined with fine dried grass. (Spreadborough.)
567a. Oregon Junco.
Junco oreganus (Towns.) Ripcw. gor.
An abundant resident west of the Coast range. (Fannin.) Abun-
dant resident at Chilliwack, B.C. (Brooks.) Very abundant in the
Fraser valley below Yale in May, 1889; common during the whole
CATALOGUE OF CANADIAN BIRDS. 535
summer at Chilliwack and at Huntingdon, B.C. on the International
Boundary; a few seen at Douglas, B.C., in April, 1906. An abun-
dant summer resident at Victoria, Vancouver island; nesting by
April 9th, 1893. Doubtless common over the whole island, as it
was seen at Sooke, Comox and Nanaimo, although in 1907, only a
few were seen at Clayoquot sound in September. (Spreadborough.)
The occurrence of this bird in Alaska was first made known by the
capture of eight specimens at Sitka by Bischoff; it was afterwards
taken by Bean at Sitka. (Nelson.) Sreticege 118
iclavde Rey png tea tasin aS tapas 179
ferrugineayise cscs toes hee 179
Eskimo Curlew.............-.5-005 200
Budromias. cs... sas asc neercse needs 202
TNOTIDE MS 5 513.4697 sce rains esscstions occ arebare 202
Bupha gusiiec is ic ietscew sccgasecote ie cusergesters 438
CATOLNUB ys cos wis orae ae sis eats wise dyn ates 438
cyanocephalus,...............-08 441
European Blue Heron,............- 141
COObh creates eo eG Seas Ss 155
TAD tig gin co: sce hosts favs es spt aeve PENreaeoet 466
Oyster-catcher............-...008 214
TUT ie b3a 6 4 loi pea se aoa NOL aNS oveveleameontasy 163
Teale capiccir ona tre ae tievvs & a nated 85
Wid eeon ss vise coud eiveles ites We 83
Woodeoek. isis a iia scaceca acca ee 162
Eurynorhynohue. erin ak. Gla DAU aN Sh Hea MeN 179
PYMMBUS.. 0... eee eee eee eee 179
Evening Grosbeak oe Y Pegs eet as 445
Evermann Ptarmigan.............. 228
BAL COs 6055655 6 SEE 5 EES BA SOLA SHG 271
columbarius,..........000essaee 279
columbarius suckleyi............- 282
Hi) ATIG UIA 2 sso triste ec. Hreceuersn in acstavasered ha 271
MOP. oie yews saan. ponerse & 283
MCKICADUG: 5442 dea w ne sees Hie RK 276
peregrinus ATAU UTD isa 9.5 5 Sh oe rts ane 277
peregrinus pealei................. 279
FICHATASODL csi cis:— ors ids a a oer es 282
TUStICOlUS.:).. 322-06 secesig cs eae Ha 273
rusticolus gyrfalco............... 273
rusticolus obsoletus.............. 275
sparverius pacha ae carats at ae ey, 284
sparverius plalena............... 285
tinnunculus
Faleon, Peale sss i:se.c: eis stseierens(oasaveseed- dese 279
Prairie..... .
Falconide,
PPB) CONS, scaiecsoes iva: sscn suaveiee-p ieee aCe WO
Ferruginous Rough-legged Hawk.... 263
Field Sparrow............ 000.0 uue 528
Finch, Acadian Sharp-tailed......... 507
California Purples ies osc svat eeaia 455
Cassin, Purples. squwesie = Sarat ie = nies 252
Red-tailed
Rough-legged..
Seanie cL
SWANSON iis.56 sae cc oka ee Few
Mell-diver.n scsi. cieeese seqeas
Helminthophila...
celata celata...........e cece ee eee
celata lutescens,.............0005 617
chrysoptera
PCTEQTINA........ cee eee ee ee eee
rubricapilla gutturalis............ 614
rubricapilla rubricapilla,.......... 612
Hlelodrom aye cise ee wees dete marek ore Cees 188
ochropus...
solitarius...
solitarius cimnamomeus,.........- 191
OD; PPAiries essccue a sash stares pkey owes 1H 229
Henslow Sparrow...........eeeeeee 503
Hepburn Leucosticte.............05 466
Hermit Thrush
Warbler. sisi. scrauec ciadt earns
He rodiseses asic oe swans aes ea 25 sees
egretta..........-
TE TO dION OSs e's is peiesne ee ssgin es cao sraian 1
Heron, Black-crowned Night........ 144
European Blue ie state: eseotrae eecareteve 141
Great: Blue ais 0 sieieieisid wis ees 6 ieraverete 139
Green
Snow:
Follow-orowaed Nigh tyes 186
Leucosticte, Aleutian............... 4
Gray-crowned............eceeeee 465
OPOULD 03:8 panes yes 4s ee ee 466
Kadiak. ows 2 omnraaiguges AFaM Ss 465
Lewcostictes: sss cness seam eevee 464
TUCONUCDE cia ces 4 SEE A REE OO 464
JOB ck Shame 2 REA AAS 465
tephrocotis....... 0.0.5... eee eee 465
tephrocotis littoralis.............. 466
Lewis Woodpecker................+ 345
TAPOICOLE 02a oie sie: & ssniai 96 wvgrerncg o mnssinna te $08 157
Limosa... : sees 183
fedoa. 183
hemastica. 184
INDEX.
x
Exown Grane
gull,
Long. mate GUrlewis se veaciacs Santer é 198
Dowitcher..is0226¢ snedee ee rasas 166
Marsh Wret....cusk cavers sna aces s 706
Longipennes..........-.0.002seeeee 29
Longspur, Alaskan,.............06+ 486
Chestnut-collared.........-..200+ 489
Smith..
Long-tailed Chatiscataaiaseiad sadnag an 672
Chickadee............000seeeeces 718
Dulelkviss seiiguand sewers sia wasdivese ees 102
IBOBON s cca die saie ig 6 eaten apse tans oe aC 32
Long toed Stintiss wie asker macmenee e's 177
Long-winged Swimmers,............ 29
DOOD siii0 5 as eigit--4 BOSE REO eS STS. 9
Black-throated...........- esse 12
ACIS siapaspows Feersareis ys Benes SHINS 13
Red-throated............0ee eee 13
ee ee semreiatabs ous oy Hauslion ab se ssoaz 11
TIGODB gs wisce'5 vo. 0es A oi sin: Sssieroiah ace: weeaitue 9
Lophodytes. . SRAM eau hiNen ws 16
cucullatus...............c.. cele 76
LophortyXei vis cnet demi eae ae 216
CAlifOTMICUG, eisies caressing aoe a aeons ea 216
Louisiana Tanager..............4-. 564
Water-Thrush..........00-0 sees 663
ORI Be jem sees 6.6 tebe As ore Tes 457
curvirostra Minor.............44- 457
leucoptera....... ec cee eee eee 460
AUN 2 sige Siceths Boe aionaite me andeace ones 1
CIPD ALG: s 6 seicye tid, he acdw yw reas Bees 1
Lutescent Warbler............:.-.. 617
MacFaruane ScrEECH OWL.......... 302
Macrochires...........0000seeeeeee 352
Macrorhamphus...............0005 166
SET ISOU Bie ios dr ake Seen ee meee a 166
scolopaceus..............200 cease 166
Magnolia Warbler.............-.... 637
Magpie, American.................. 401
Magpies -..ocecie os cui e.n oaiswie 24a 401
Mallard icies iczctevs i 5 taco e § earn dae 78
Mandt Guillemot. 23
Man-o’War Birds. 73
Manx Shearwater 63
Marbled Godwit 183
Murrelet. 20
Mareca.... 83
americana, 84
penelope.. 83
Marsh Harrier. 242
awk...... 242
Wert: 4s 51
Martin, Purple.. 566
McCown Longspur. 491
McKay Sno ake 484
Meadow Lark. .
BO sade ace avecaves ypc setae ectes sacar savas 300
asio kennicotti...............0005 300
asio macfarlanei................. 302
asio saturatus.................0. 302
Melanerpes........................ 343
erythrocephalus. .
Meleagrigiis ci: smias 44 dce tien 6 donk 234
fospiee Silvestris............... 234
Melospiza...... RE Neh asheieca daa plane 537
CINETEA. cece eee scenes Setneiata 542
cinerea caurina,
cinerea insi
cinerea juddi....
cinerea capensis, re
cinerea melodia,............+.00- 53)
cinerea Montana.
cinerea Morphna.......++-e rece 540
cimerea rufina........ 0.06 cee eee
georgiana........
Tim COME. oi osss, 5 c5-sic eee stasecsieie es a yeisoene aoe 543
lincolni striata..............00005 545
Merganser..........- cee eee ene nee 73
ATLOTIGCANUG ass ies a: sh esa one wave 73
serrator..........+. Gc ite davis Soleo mma 75
Merganser...
American
Hooded wees xe-ger eo stsion'e ssamags
Red-breasted
Merlin,