Wh va Nets epee Wee eee oP en Hie & rae e A ‘ ey vas ph ae hey h AMES ioe A) Hea) ba me rhe tray! $f ny yf atl ils yey cae! rea CORNELL UNIVERSITY LIBRARY GAYLORD F 74H7 Eo" University Library “TATA 1924 028 838 799 | olin PRINTEDINU SA. THE History of Holden Massachusetts. 1684-1894. BY DAVID FOSTER ESTES. PUBLISHED BY THE TOWN. WORCESTER, MASS. : Press or C, F. Lawrence & Co., 112 FRONY STREET. 1894. th a F fia H7 a CoryRIGHTED, 1894 PREFACE. The preparation of this history was undertaken only at the request of the citizens of Holden. After unforeseen delays, some of which are to be expected in connection with every such work, while others have grown out of removal and dis- tance, it is now submitted to those at whose invitation it was prepared. In size and scope, it far exceeds the very modest bounds at first intended, and the labor and care required have increased still more beyond expectation. Even with the present size, it should of course be understood that it has still been necessary to select what has been told, out of more which remains untold. It is also very possible that traditions and information have sometimes been mislead- ing, as they certainly are often conflicting. Whatever omissions and errors shall be found, will be in spite of patient and un- prejudiced painstaking. The History of Holden, prepared half a century ago, by Samuel C. Damon, D. D., has been incorporated into this work. The narrative portion of that work forms the second chapter of this history, and the helpfulness of the supplemen- tary matter in that book and of his later collections is here gratefully acknowledged. The American Antiquarian Society, through its Librarian, Mr. E. M. Barton, put all its valuable materials at the service of this work. Thanks are also due to many citizens of Holden, too many to mention by name, for the valuable information freely furnished. In the chapter of personal notices, much of the matter has necessarily been furnished by relatives of those spoken of and by others interested. iv PREFACE. The committee of the town on publication, arranged wi’ Mr. Cyrus P. Phelps for the photographs of streets and buil ings, and with Mr. T. W. Marion for the preparation of tt photographs from which most of the other illustrations hav been reproduced, and with Messrs. A. A. Beal & Co., of Bostor for the making of the plates. For doing all the work in connection with the illustration: for their judgment in relation to many points, and for the untiring attention to all the burdensome details connecte with publication, especial gratitude from the town, as we as from the author, is due to this committee, Messrs. Wald E. Austin, Charles E. Parker and Henry W. Warren. Tue AUuTHor. TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER I.—Ixrropucrory—Location. Boundaries. Surface. Natural Products. Hills. Rivers. Villages. - I-4 CHAPTER I[.—Tue Damon Hisrory, 1667—1800.— Records of First Meeting. Report of Committee, 1668. Purchase from the Indians. First Settle- ment. Incorporation. Hon. Samuel Holden. First Town Business. Rev. Joseph Davis. First ‘ Settlers. French and Indian War. Earthquake. Resolutions. The Revolution. Prices. Effects of Revolutionary War. Events till 1800. 5-41 CIIAPTER III.—Larer History, 1S00—1841.— Changes in Territory. Town House. Care of Poor. Town Funds. Meeting-House. Rev. Jo- seph Avery. Rev. Horatio Bardwell. Town and Church. Manufactures. Fourth of July, 1806. Politics. Temperance. A Murder. A Slave Girl. 2-50 CHAPTER IV.—Tue Crenrenntar CELEBRation.— The Day. Preliminary Arrangements. Invitation. The Program. The Toasts. Addresses by Messrs. Haven and Davis. Publication of the Historical Address. 51-6 CHAPTER V.—Anotuer Hair-Century.—Sentiment for Freedom. The Holden Rifles. Departure and Return. Holden’s Quotas. Memorial Hall. The Tablets. War Expenses. Railroads. Town Hall. Finances. The Poor Farm Association. Cele- brations. The Cyclone. Changes. 61-72 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER VI.—Tne SrsquicENtENNIAL.— Preliminary Meetings. Committee of .\rrangements. Appro- priation, Invitations. Marshals. | Decorations. Music. Salute. The Day. Exercises at the Church. Address of Welcome. Hymn. Poem. Children’s Celebration. Dinner. Sentiments. Responses by Messrs. Walker, Harrington, Pinkerton, Forbes, Davis. and others. CHAPTER VII.—Hisrory or roe Cuurcuis.-—Con- gregational Church. Baptist Church. St. Mary's Parish. Methodist, Universalist, and Advent Work. Sons and Daughters of the Churches. CHAPTER VIT.—Scnoorts ann Linrary. — First Schools and School Houses. Committees and Superintendents. Select Schools. High School. College Graduates. Holden Library Association. Gale Free Library. - CHAPTER IX.—Tue Damox Memoniar.—Tender from Mr. Gale. Description of the Building. Presenta- tion and Dedication. .\ddresses by Messrs. Learned, Earle, Gale, Parker and Higginson. Ode. CHAPTER N.—Murrary Arratrs.—Colonial Cam- paigns. Revolutionary Soldiers. Militia Officers. The Boysin Blue. Theron E. Hall Post, G. A. R. CHAPTER NI.—Facinirices or ComMMUNICATION.— Roads. Turnpike. Hotels. Railroads. Telegraph and Telephone. Post-offices and Postmasters. » CHAPTER NII.—Busixness snp Mancracrurits,— Stores. Brick-making. Mills. Tannerics. Manu- factories. $8-131 132-142 143-160 161-1g2 193-198 199-209 TABLE OF CONTENTS. CHAPTER NIII.—PrErsonaL Norices. CHAPTER NIV —Lirr ann Deatn.—Healthfulness, Golden Weddings. Physicians, Epidemics. Longevity. Death Rate. Cemeteries. CHAPTER NV.—Socieries.—Socicty for Detecting Thieves. Knights Templar. Temperance Societies. ‘The Nondescript Club. The Holden Grange. Farm- ers’ and Mechanics’ Club. Theron FE. Hall Post, G..\. R. Women’s Reliet Corps. CHAPTER XVI.—Sratistics ~xp O¥rricraALs.—Origi- nal Proprietors. Meadows. First Tax List. First Census. Population. Division of Lands. Pro- duction of Grain. Valuations. Clerks. Treas- urers. Selectmen. Representatives. School Committees. Parties. CHAPTER XVIL.—Tne Hotpen CAaLenDar. CHAPTER NVIIJ.—Tire Srory Rer-Torp. INDEX OF SUBJECTS. INDEX or PERSONS. vil 210-334 3357344 we safe, oat { Ow Jt Jt 356-385 386-392 393-418 AYQ—12T 22-446 LIST OF VIEWS. Looking North from the Common, Congregational Church and Town Hall, Baptist Church and Parsonage, st. Mary's Church, School House, Jefferson, The Damon Memorial, Looking East from the Common, The Center as seen from the .\very residence, FACING PAGE + 105 I21 T24 137 143 195 -f1l LIST OF PORTRAITS. Joseph Stanford Ames, M. D., Samuel Wallace Armington, Waldo E. Austin, Israel Manning Ball, Josiah Warren Ball, D. D. S., George Washington Bascom, Tra Broad, Colonel Samuel Damon, ; Samuel Chenery Damon, D. D., Rev. Elnathan Davis, Ethan Davis, Senior, Ethan Davis, Major Paul Davis, James Dorr, g Rev. David Foster Estes, Charles Flagg, Silas Flagg, Thomas Hennessey, Church Howe, Levi Hubbard Howe, Silas Howe, William Howe, William Howe, D. D., Silas M. Hubbard, Cyrus Kingsbury Hubbard, Hon. Martin V. B. Jefferson, FACING PAGE 210 213 215 224 229 232 234 236 252) 243 246 ly fay 3° te 5 256 Lrrontisplece 259 261 265 268 cs : LIST OF PORTRAITS. Captain Ira J. Kelton, Alonzo Knapp Learned, Edward W > Merrick. William C. Metcalf, Albert A. Metealt. Stillman Ih. Morse, William Pomeroy Paine, D. 1., Aaron Parker, ITenry Parker, Charles E. Parker, Isaac Newton Ross, Waterman G. Warren, Samuel Warren, Berthier Warren, ss ilon. Henry Waterman Warren, Rev. Lester Williams. 0 Rods to ue ill Mi pitiig. ifs Hook Bick 3 s FINN we ka . oA eothrook. \ HANNS ; S SbygiueRrook HOMESTEAD \ N+ De wolereg by %, AMIN Faye "Clogre T. scuoot, gON Hubbard. AG cmersore “Gl J. 4 / fh zp fei som, 8 514” Lpaeerss Bay” Bre A Barto”, wy as... Sag ong . . Me (eS Ol te, Ge Husseirt, Fe PgR oer Ao00cK Homers ye" EB. Taylor $-a | ul (DP is opowell g Y'¢y, gierson 574 ark s park $ 7 a yimne. 5) \ Se: Qe a3 \ “ CHAPTER I. INTRODUCTORY. Location. — BounDaArRIEs. — SuRFACE. — NATuRAL Propucts. — Hiuys. — Rivers. — VILLAGES. wag, HE Town of Holden is situated in Worcester County, «| Massachusetts, about forty miles from Boston, and immediately adjoining, on the south, Worcester, of which it was originally a part. Its shape is a slightly irregular parallelogram. In view of its form and place on the map, it has been said that “ Holden lies like a diamond above the ‘Heart of the Commonwealth’.” Its four sides were originally straight and nearly equal, but land has been set off from its west side to Paxton and from its east side to West Boylston. Its present bounds are: Beginning at the north-west angle, at a stake and stones in a swamp, westerly from George C. Bond’s house, near present road to Rutland: thence north fifty-six degrees east, eight hundred and ninety-nine rods by Rutland line to a stone post at Princeton corner, near Quinapoxet Pond: thence north fifty- six degrees east, one thousand two hundred and four rods to Sterling line (making a straight line two thousand one hundred and three rods): thence south twelve and one-half degrees east, six hundred and thirty rods by Sterling to a stone post on West Boylston: thence north seventy-one and one-half degrees west, une hundred and four rods by West Boylston to a stone post: thence south five degrees east, one thousand six hundred and fifty-two rods by West Boyl- ston to a stake and stones on Charles E. Parker’s farm at 2 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Worcester line: thence south fifty-seven degrees west, one thousand five hundred and twenty-one rods by Worcester to a stone post at Paxton: thence by several small angles on the Paxton and Rutland lines to the first mentioned bound. The total area of the township, according to the State Census of 1885, is nineteen thousand nine hundred and eighty-two acres,’ of which three thousand four hundred and eighty-three and one-half are cultivated, eight thousand and thirty-eight and one-fourth are woodland, seven thousand five hundred and seventeen and one-half are permanent pasture, and nine hun- dred and forty-two and three-fourths are unimproved. The soil is varied, in general of a gravelly texture, and not especially strong, though on many of the hills it is stronger and richer, rather damp and almost stiff in texture. “An area of fifty acres can scarcely be found containing a homogeneous soil or a plain surface.’”” The natural forest growth consists of pine, oak, maple, cedar, hemlock, hornbeam, ash, chestnut, walnut, beech, and_ birch. Wild flowers abound. The May-flower or trailing arbutus and mountain laurel grow in special profusion. From the only quarry which has been opened, building stone in a great variety of colors has been taken. It is supposed that the seams of the rock have been penetrated by gases of various compositions, so that the stone has been diversely and beautifully colored. Specimens of quartz and traces of gold and silver are also found in the same quarry. There are at least a dozen hills or marked elevations in Holden. The most conspicuous is “Stone House” Hill, so called from the natural house formed by the projecting rocks. Indian relics have been found here, showing that the Indians observed and profited by the facilities for detence which it affords. It lies in the southern part of the town, overlooking the reservoir of the Worcester water-works, and rises to a height of one thousand one hundred feet. Its sides are rocky ‘ According to the Valuation, 1892, Holden contains 21,2449 acres. ? Damon History of Holden, p. 126. INTRODUCTORY. 3 and precipitous, incapable of cultivation, so that it was long a resort for rattlesnakes, from which fact is derived the name by which it is often called, “Rattlesnake Hill”.' The hill over- looking Eagleville, sometimes called Davis Hill, because the site of the famous tavern so long kept by landlord Paul Davis, and the hill near Sterling line, rise to a height of eight hundred feet or more. It so happens, however, that the chief elevations lie on the borders of the town, and that the summits are in other towns. This is the case with Pleasant Hill, bordering on Princeton ; Malden Hill in West Boylston; Winter Hill in Worcester; Asknebumskit Hill in Paxton; Pine Hill, also in Paxton ; and Pound Hill and the elevation opposite, in Rutland. The principal stream in Holden is the Quinapoxet River, formed by two main branches, one of which rises in Quinapoxet Pond, a body of water lying chiefly in Princeton, and Muscho- pauge Pond in Rutland, and flows past North Woods and Quinapoxet villages; and the other of which rises in Askne- bumskit Pond, in Paxton, and flows through Eagleville, Jefferson, and Lovellville, uniting with the former branch in the meadow just below the last named village. This stream is also fed by Trout Brook, coming in from the north, and by two brooks from the south, one from Bryantville and the other from Chaffinville. The Quinapoxet River flows into the Nashua River, which in turn empties into the Merrimac. Tatnuck Brook, in the southern part of the town, flows through Worces- ter into the Blackstone. The city of Worcester has erected reservoirs along this stream and controls the valley as a part of its water supply. The waters of a single meadow in the southern part of the town are drained partly into the Merrimac, partly into the Blackstone. There are several villages in town which have received special designations, in some cases more than one. The name Holden belongs pre-eminently to the old central village, some- ‘March 34, 1745/6. Voted that there be payd for each Rattlesnak that Shall be killed in ye Town at their Dens & also at Stone house hill so called in Holdin Sixpence last Emission bills of Creditt upon ye Taile being produced to ye Town at the Town meeting.” Worcester Town Records. + HISTORY OF HOLDEN. times called the “Center”. Jefferson (earlier Jeffersonville) now includes Eagleville, often familiarly called “ Brick City” on account of a brick house which was long the only brick building in town. Quinapoxet village and post-office lies at the distance of perhaps half a mile from the railroad station of that name, between, lying the smaller village which bears the names of Lovellville and Centerville. Quinapoxet is often colloquially styled “French Woods”, on account of the large tract of woodland in the neighborhood, at one time owned by citizens of France. Unionville lies to the south, and nearer the center the town. The little’ village in the northern part of the town claims the name of Ruralville, though it is usually spoken of as “ North Woods”’, a name which the railroad station bears. The railroad stations toward Worcester. from the Center are Dawsons and Chaffins, Dawsonville and Chaffinville lying a little way respectively to the west and to the east of the track. Bryantville lies close to the east of the Dawsons station. } ‘NONINOD AHL WOU HLUYON ONIMOOT ‘WALNAO CHAPTER II. THE DAMON HISTORY, 1667-1800, Recorps oF First MrEtinc.—REporT oF ComMITTEE, 1668, —PurcHASE FROM THE INDIANS. — First SETTLEMENT. — INcoRPoRATION, — Hon. SamueL Hoipen. — First Town Business. — Rev. Josep Davis. —First Setters. — FRENCH AND InpIAN War.— EartTHQuakeE.— RESOLU- ‘TIONS. — THE REVOLUTION. — Prices.—ErFrercts or Revy- OLUTIONARY War.— EVENTS TILL 1800. pq HE history of the Town of Holden, down to the year | 1800, may best be given in the form which it received from Rev. Samuel C. Damon, D. D., in his Centennial Historical Address, delivered May 4th, 1841, .and published under the title “Tur History oF HoLpEn, MASssAcHUSETTS, 1667-1841,” which is as follows :' “This day completes the first century since the town of Holden was organized agreeably to the Provincial Statutes of Massachusetts Bay. The records of that event, which we have assembled to commemorate, have been carefully preserved upon the town books. They read as follows :— ‘¢ Att an annueal meetting in Holden on monday yé forth of may Anno 1741 ‘Mr Simon Davis Chose modderator for s4 meetting ' The whole address of Dr. Damon is carefully reprinted, both for its own merit and because of the interest which for fifty years it has had for the people of Holden. In typography it is conformed to the usage of to-day and to the rest of this work, and quotations and references have been scrupu- lously verified. Notes, dates, and other matter, which have been added, are put in brackets. 6 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. ‘* Simon Davis John Biglo and Cyprian Stevens Chose Seelect men ‘¢ Cyprian Stevens Chose Town Clark—Sworn “¢ Jonathan Lovel Chose Constable for the East end—Sworn ‘¢ James Smith Chose Constable for the west end—Sworn ‘¢ Samuel Clark Samuel Pairce and Samuel Haywood Chose Asses- ors—Sworn ‘¢ William Nickels Chose Town Treasurer—Sworn ‘« Abraham Neuton Chose Tything man—Sworn ‘¢ James Gray Jotham Biglo and David Brown Chose fence vewers —Sworn ‘¢ Jotham Biglo Chose Clark of the marckit—Sworn ‘¢ James Gray and Samuel Bruse Chose hog Reaffs—Sworn ‘¢ Joseph Woolley and Abraham Neuton—Chose field drivers— Sworn ‘¢ Samuel Haywood Chose Sealer of Leather—Sworn ‘¢ James Caldwell and John Child Chose dear Reafs—Sworn ‘¢ John Biglo and Joseph Hubbord Chose Suruairs of hyways— Sworn ‘¢ Simon Davis Chose Grandiverryman —”! “In celebrating the Centennial Anniversary of a day, the records of which have now been read, my fellow citizens, we follow the promptings of principles deeply implanted in our natures. It is fit and proper to exhibit a becoming and grate- ful respect for the memory of that generation of men, who, clearing the forests, made their homes upon the hills and in the valleys of our town. “The duty devolving upon me, by accepting the invitation from the Committee of Arrangements to prepare an address for this occasion, I shall endeavor to discharge by narrating the history of Holden, from the period when authentic records commence, down to the close of the eighteenth century, concluding with an allusion to a few prominent events in the present century. “The earliest authentic accounts, on record, which refer to the tract of land now embraced within the limits of the town- ship of Holden, are co-eval with the history of Worcester. ' Town Records, vol. 1, p. 2. THE DAMON HISTORY. y That town originally had its north and south halves. The General Court of Massachusetts, in May [15th], 1667, ap- pointed a committee ‘to take an exact viewe’ of lands lying in the vicinity of Quinsigamond Pond, and being about midway between Boston and Springfield. Daniel Gookin, Edward Johnson, and Andrew Belcher, members of this committee, made the following report in October [24th], 1668 : “© At a Generall courrt held at Boston the 24th of october 1668 For a plantation at Quansikamud now called worcester ‘¢Wee haue acording to the Courrts orrderr (heirvnto anexed) [viewed the] place therrin mentioned and find it to bee, about 12 miles from Marrlborrough nearre the Road to Springfeild, and that [it is] a trract of very good Chestnut trree land, a large quantitye but [meadow] we find not so much, beecause a very considerable quantitie of [meadow] & vpland about fiue thousand accerrs is laid out to parrticularr p[ersons] & confirmed by this courrt. But a[s] notwithstanding wee conceue therre may bee enough medow forr a [small] plantation orr towne of about thirrty families & if these farmes be anexed to it, it may supply about sixty families, Therrforre wee [deem] it expedient, That the honoured court wilbe pleased to rreserue it fo[r a] towne, being conueniently scituated & wel waterred with ponds & lieing nearre mid way beetwene Boston & Springfeild about one [day’s] ioyrny from either, For the setling wherrof wee do offerr vnto [the] court that which followeth ‘¢1: That therre bee a meet proportion of land granted & laid out [for a] towne in the best forrme the place wil bearre about the [area] of eight miles squarre ‘©3: That due carre be taken by the said comittee, that a good minister [of] God’s word bee placed therre, as soone as may bee, that such people [as may] therre bee planted may not liue like lambs in a large place.”! “This report was approved and accepted by the General Court. Another committee was appointed to carry its recom- mendations into execution. The history of this ‘ trract of very good Chestnut trree land . . . . wel waterred with ponds [} Records of the Proprietors of Worcester, p. 2-] 8 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. about . . . . . . eight miles squarre : & laid out in the best forrme the place wil bearre’, I shall endeavor to trace through a period of one hundred and ‘thirty-two years, so far as its history refers to the original proprietorship and settlement of Holden. «The persons who had obtained a grant of this tract of land from the General Court did not consider their title as valid until, by purchase, it had been secured to them by the Indians, the original proprietors of the soil, On the 13th of July, 1674, John, alias Horrawannonit, or Quiquonassett, Sagamore of Pakachoge, and Solomon, alias Woonaskochu, Sagamore of Tataessit, together with the consent of their kindred and people, conveyed by deed the above mentioned tract of land to Daniel Gookin of Cambridge, Daniel Henchman of Boston, and certain other persons, for and in consideration of £12 of lawful money, of New England currency, or in full value thereof in other specie, to be paid within three months after the date of the deed. The Indians received ‘two coats and four yards of trading cloth valewed at twenty- six shillings’, as a pledge that the money should be duly paid. Messrs. Gookin, Henchman and others, fully dis- charged their obligation to the Indians before the three months had expired, and came into possession of ‘the broken up land and woodlands, woods, trees, rivers, brooks, ponds, swamps, meadows, mineralls, or any other thing or things whatsoever, lying and being within that tract of land, conteyn- _ing eight miles square or the contents thereof, to be layd out by y® s* persons or their order in time convenient ’.’ “The district of country described in the first Indian deed, from which extracts have been made, embraced the entire townships of Worcester and Holden, before any portions were . set off to form the towns of Auburn, Paxton or West Boylston.” {1 Damon History of Holden, Note A, p. 64.] * «The plantation of Quinsigamond, as originally: granted, and surveyed, extended nearly twelve miles from north to south, and six miles from east to west. It was designed to include within the boundaries established the same THE DAMON HISTORY. 9 “ King Philip’s war, commencing A. D. 1675, in connection with other unpropitious events, retarded the rapid settlement of this part of the Massachusetts colony. This circumstance induced the General Court, at their session in October, 1682, to pass a vote rendering forfeit and lost the grant of this tract of land to Gookin and others, unless vigorous exertions were speedily adopted to advance its settlement." The gran- tees were now urged to take immediate action to preserve their claims. It was found by estimation that about four hundred and eighty acres of good meadow land were contained within the limits of this grant. An agreement was made, at a meeting of the proprietors, April 24, 1682, to divide the whole township into as many lots as there were acres of meadow land: ‘two hundred for planters; eighty for public uses or specific appropriations, and the remaining two hundred to be laid out on the northern extremity, forming a division afterwards known as North Worcester, and subsequently rendered permanent by the incorporation of Holden’.’ “The dividing line between North and South Worcester was drawn during the year 1683 or 84. For a period of more than thirty years subsequent to this division, but meagre records have been preserved relating to the North half of Worcester. ‘For atime’, observes Lincoln, in his History of Worcester, ‘we lose sight of the town and its inhabitants. From 1686 to 1713 no record is preserved on the proprietary book of any transactions. Neither history nor tradition informs us of the labors, dangers and sufferings of the earlier planters. General Gookin, the early and faithful friend of the plantation, was called to the rewards of a long life, characterized by fervent piety, enlightened benevolence, incorruptible integrity, and the practice of every manly virtue, in March, 1687’.* Captain Adam Winthrop was appointed to the office which had been so quantity of land which would have been comprehended in a tract eight miles square. ee As stated in the original plan, the north and south lines were 1920 rods each; the east line 3815; the west 3760.” Lincoln's History of Worcester, p. 160. 1 Lincoln’s History of Worcester, p. 30. ? Jb¢d., p. 30. * Lbid., p. 33. Io ‘ HISTORY OF HOLDEN. ably filled by the untiring exertions of the much lamented Gookin. The Winthrop family of Boston owned extensive tracts of land in North and South Worcester. “I can find no records which lead me to conclude that any settlements were made in Worcester North half previously to 1722, The solitude of the wilderness had remained unbroken, unless the occasional report of a huntsman’s gun, or the shrill whoop of the Indian, echoing among the hills, aroused the timid deer or hungry wolf. Tradition reports that numbers of each species remained in this vicinity, long after the first settlers had made their homes in the wilderness. History as well as tradition describes an Indian path leading from Lancaster to Hadley, which passed through the north part of this town, near the farm now owned by Samuel W. Hubbard. Traces of this path I am told are still to be seen. “One century had now elapsed, since the Pilgrims disem- barked from the Mayflower, upon the shores of New England. It had been a century of labors, hardships, perils and wars, to the first settlers of the country. During this period, the colo- nies were continually increasing in population and importance. Every year witnessed new settlements in the wilderness. Hardy adventurers were carrying to the westward the outposts of civilization. The town of Worcester was incorporated June 14th, 1722.’ In the month of October following, the pro- prietors of ‘common and undivided lands’ in the town of Worcester voted, ‘that a Committee of five men be Chosen, to provide a surveyor forthwith to measure the meadows in the North half part of the Township of Worcester’? Al- though this vote was not then carried into execution, in consequence of certain troubles in South Worcester, yet I deem it worthy of special notice, because from this date — the last Wednesday of October, 1722, — authentic records of this township have been carefully preserved. « An incident occurred about this period — spring of 1723 — which led, as I suppose, to the forming of the first settlement 1 Lincoln’s History of Worcester, p. 50. ® Proprietors’ Books, vol. 1, p. 1. THE DAMON HISTORY. : It in this town. Mr. Jonas Rice, a citizen of South Worcester, had discovered limestone upon the farm now known by the name of the ‘Bullard Farm’. At a meeting of the proprietors, in March, 1723, a vote was passed granting ‘Encouragement to the first finder of Lime Stones and Undertaker of Burning Lime for supplying the Town’. A committee was appointed to agree with Mr. Rice to burn lime upon the following con- ditions, viz: ‘¢r, That the above s4 undertaker [Mr. Rice], to have a pattent for 50 acres of Land to be alotted him, to Digg stones in for seven years and that he hath Liberty to Cut wood for the burning of Lime in any of the Common Land belonging to the proprietors, and that Every body Else be forbidd Digging Lime Stones, or Cutting Wood until the end of s4 term. ‘¢2, That the Town be allowed two pence per Bushell for all Merchantable Lime ‘¢3, That All the Inhabitants of the Town that may have Occasion, for their own Use in building to be used in the Town Shall Give Twelve pence per Bushell for it and no more. “©6, That the Undertaker be Oblig’d to goe upon the busieness with all speed and also to Supply the Inhabitants with Lime for their own Use when they want it as soon as may be with any Conveniency and that they be preferred before Any Other persons belonging to Other Towns.”! “The lot of land, known upon the early records of the town as the Lime Lot, was sold, in the year 1759, to Mr. Anthony Clark.2 The avails form part of the present school fund of the town, Helen L. Davis, Annie W. Fales, oF 1890. Waldo B. Truesdell. or 1891. Florence L. Johnson, Mattie C. Johnson, E. Frank Kelton,? Mary E. Putnam,‘ Harris W. Moore. oF 1892. Charlie E. Jordan, Maud A. Moulton, Alice L. Parker. have gone to college from this town: Jonathan Fisher, Harvard, 1792. Joseph Cheney, Brown, 1801. Abraham Wheeler, Williams, 1810. Abel Manning, Brown, ‘1817. Moses. Winch, Amherst, 1827. Elnathan Davis, Williams, 1834. David Fisk, Amherst, 1834. John P. Foster, Amherst, 1834. William Howe, Waterville, 1834. Merrill Richardson, Middlebury, 1835. Henry G. Darling, Williams, 1835. Samuel C. Damon, Amherst, 1836. Samuel D. Darling, Williams, 1836. James H. Bailey,’ Aunherst, 1845. John F. Bigelow,® Brown, 1845. George Darling, Union, 1846. Charles W. Holbrook, Williams, : 1851. ‘Mrs. Fred A. Bryant. ® Rutland. *Hubbardston. ‘Rutland. * Prince- ton. ®Died in 1834, before graduation, 7’ Did not graduate. * Did not graduate, 140 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Charles Brooks,! Brown, 1856. Cyrus W. Perry, «Amherst, 1862. Harlan W. Moore,? Amherst, 1865. Henry W. Warren, Yale, 1865. Arthur R. Paine, Amherst, 1871. James W. McLaughlin,? Holy Cross, - 1879. Mary Louisa Ball,* Wellesley, 1880. John R. Murphy, Holy Cross, 1880. Samuel W. Hamblen, Brown, 1886. James M. Prendergast, | Holy Cross, 1886. Harry C. Bascom, Tufts, 1889. Waterman L. Williams, Amherst, 1891. Susie L. Austin, Vassar, 1895. Herbert L. Warren, Amherst, 1895. The following have gone to the Worcester Polytechnic Institute: Solon P. Davis, class of 1872; Jonathan L. Moore, 1872; Charles E. Davis, 1875; Fred C. Greenwood, 1878; Charles W. Phillips, 1878 ; George A. Marsh, 1882; Charles A. Bennett, 1886; Herbert E. Austin, 1890; Henry L. Phillips, 1893 ; Harris W. Moore, 1894. Charles S. Graham graduated from the Massachusetts Agricultural College in the class of 1892. Charles H. Parker entered the same college, but left without graduating. THe Horpen’ Liprary ASSOCIATION was organized October 4th, 1876. Col. Isaac N. Ross was chosen President, Horace B. Morse, Vice-President, William D. Chenery, Secretary and Treasurer, and Mrs. Ellen Phelps, Librarian, a position which she filled during the history of the Association. Funds for its support were raised by subscription, public lectures and an annual assessment of its members. It em- braced in its membership men and women who gave to the conduct of its affairs untiring attention and well directed effort. "Did not graduate. * Killed in Union army, March 1st, 1864. His name appears with his class in the catalogues of Amherst College in accordance with a vote of the Trustees applying to all undergraduates who lost their lives in theZCivil War. * Did not graduate. * Mrs. Loren L. Morrison. SCHOOLS AND LIBRARY. Iq The books were widely circulated and read. It was a worthy precursor of the Gale Free Library, in that it awakened a desire for books and a love of them. In July, 1888, a special meeting of the Association was called to take action in reference to presenting the Library to the town, which, with the books presented by Mr. Sam- uel C. Gale, should form a Free Public Library; and it was voted: “That the Trustees of The Holden Library Associa- tion be authorized and directed to transfer the books and other property belonging to the Association to the proper authorities of the town of Holden, whenever the said town shall vote to accept the same in accordance with the constitutional provis- ions of the Association.” This proposition was accepted by the town, and, in accordance with the vote, fourteen hundred volumes were transferred to the Gale Free Library. The following was placed on record by the town, September 26th, 1888, in recognition of the gift. “The Town of Holden, in accepting the gift of the books belonging to the Holden Library Association, desires to express its apprecia- tion of the desire for culture which has made that Association so successful, and its gratitude for the liberality with which the whole Library has now been placed at the service of all our citizens.” As soon as the establishment of a public library was assured, Mr. John Wadsworth of Chicago sent a check for one’ hundred dollars, to be used in the purchase of books. The fol- lawing is the recorded expression of thanks of the town: ‘© The Town of Holden would respectfully express its thanks to Mr. John Wadsworth of Chicago, for the gift of one hundred dol- lars for the purchase of books for the Gale Free Library. The town is grateful to be remembered by a former citizen, and to receive a gift so well-timed and useful.” While the Damon Memorial was building, Mr. Gale gave to the town the sum of $3,000, for the purchase of books. Many of the books were bought and placed upon the shelves before the presentation and dedication of the edifice. In accord- 142 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. ance with the conditions of the gift the town appointed trustees to manage the estate and library, who voted unani- mously that the library should be known as “The Gale Free Library.” The Trustees of the Library have been David F. Estes, 1888-1891, Waldo E. Austin, 1888, Alonzo K. Learned, 1888, Charles E. Parker, 1888, Emory Rogers, 1888, Henry W. Warren, 1888, Clifford W. Stickney, 1892. The building and grounds were cared for by James D. Black until his death, January 11th, 1892. Mrs. Addie Black Holden was chosen Li- brarian immediately upon the organization of the Trustees, and the Library was opened for the circulation of books, November 30th, 1888. The Dewey Decimal System of classification was adopted, and a catalogue was issued March 22d, 1890. The total number of readers’ cards issued up to March Ist, 1892, was five hundred and ninety-nine, and the circulation of books for home use, for the year 1891-2, was six thousand three hundred and thirty-four. March Ist, 1892, the date of the last report, not including public documents, there were three thousand six hundred and ninety-seven volumes in the Library. DAMON MEMORTAL. CHAPTER IX. THE DAMON MEMORIAL. TENDER FROM Mr. GaLe.—DeEscrRIPTION OF THE BUILDING. — PRESENTATION AND DEpICATION. — ADDRESSES BY MEssrRs. LeEaRNED, EarLe, GaLE, PARKER AND HicGinson.— ODE. ¥]T THE annual town meeting, March 21st, 1887, the committee, which had been chosen the preceding November to investigate the matter of additional school accomodation at the Center, presented to the town the following letter : ‘¢MINNEAPOLIS, March 15, 1887. ‘© Maj. Isaac Damon, Holden, Mass. ‘* Dear Sir: I have delayed sending to you my final decision in the matter of the public building to be erected on the Chenery lot, until I could look up the subject thoroughly. In accordance with your suggestion, your High School Principal has written a full and satisfactory letter touching the needs of the High School. ‘¢T am now able to say, that, unless prevented by some misfortune, I shall commence the present season to erect upon the Chenery lot a building adapted to both High School and Library purposes. I design to have the walls completed and the roof on before next winter, and have the same fully completed ready for occupancy as early as September, 1888. ‘¢ This building and ground, together with some books, which we hope to add, my wife and I will present to the Town of Holden as a free gift, subject only to some simple and reasonable conditions as to care and support of the structure and its equipment on the part of the town. £44, IUSTORY OF HOLDEN. ‘¢] write this letter now, that the people of the town may have assurance that both School and Library accommodations will be provided for without any steps being taken by the town at its coming meeting. ‘¢-Yours very Sincerely, SAMUEL C. GALE.” The following resolutions were immediately adopted by a rising vote of the town :— ‘¢ Resolved, That our sincere thanks are hereby tendered Mr. and Mrs. Samuel C. Gale, of Minneapolis, Minn., for their very generous proposal, the fulfillment of which will be a perpetual memorial of their generosity and thoughtfulness. “ Resolved, That a copy of these Resolutions be sent to Mr. and Mrs. Gale, and that they be entered upon the records of the town.” Mr. Gale at once proceeded to carry out the plans outlined in the above letter, and the edifice was completed in August, 1888. The cost of building and grounds exceeded forty-five thousand dollars. The architect who furnished the plans and supervised the construction was Mr. Stephen C. Earle of Worcester. The building stands on a large, elevated site, next to the Common, and nearly opposite to the Damonestate, The style is Romanesque, of a rustic, vigorous character, suited to the material. It is built of stone from the Holden quarry,' laid with unusual painstaking in irregular ashlar, with seam- faces of many tints, and is pointed with red joints. The rustic character is emphasized by the huge uncut boulder which serves the purpose of a buttress at the end of the steps to the main entrance, and also by a smaller boulder built into and boldly projecting from the tower wall, and bearing the inscription, “Damon MEmorRIAL 1888.” For sills, lintels, arches and other parts requiring more or less cutting, brown sandstone from Longmeadow was used, which makes a very agreeable combi- nation with the native granite. It is left uncut as far as ‘On the old Kendall place, now occupied by John B. Dodd. THE DAMON MEMORIAL. 145 possible, with the notable exception of a panel five by eight feet, placed in the middle of a large space in the south wall, which is sculptured in bold relief. This panel, a spirited and beautiful work, has for its motive the enlightening influence of education, represented by an advancing figure, floating rather than walking, carrying a flaming torch in the right hand, and in the left an open book. In a quaint, bold inscription at the left is the legend, “ Let there be light,” and corresponding on the other side, “ Character is destiny.” In ground plan the building is nearly square, being sixty-two by sixty-five feet, relieved on the south side by a semi-circular bay projecting nine feet, and on the northeast corner by a clock and bell tower eighteen feet square, rising to a height of sixty-four feet. The tower has a specially bold and massive character, taking a firm footing on the ground with its heavy buttresses, which run half way up its height until lost in the face of the wall. It is kept as low as its purposes will allow. A low arcaded belfry makes the top story, with its pyramidal roof covered with red slate. Directly below the belfry, on two sides, are open dials of black iron for the Howard clock. In the belfry hangs a bell, selected by Mr. Gale himself for its sweetness. The main building has a high pitched, hip roof, somewhat broken by gables and dormer windows, and covered with black Maine slate. At the main entrance, in the middle of the east front, is a massive round arch of fifteen feet span, and an open porch seven by seventeen feet, with a floor of dark red tiles. Two separate entrances from the porch have wide arched doorways, in the stone transoms of which, respectively, are cut the words “School” and ‘‘ Library’. The school entrance at the right has a vestibule seven by nine feet, with tiled floor, and opens into a spacious hall, from which a handsome stair- way, of liberal dimensions and very easy grade, leads to the second story, which is fourteen feet high, and is entirely appropri- ated to the uses of the high school. Opposite the entrance is a stained glass arched window, of simple but rich design ; over the windows on the first landing are perforated stone transoms 146 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. filled with stained glass bull’s-eyes, geometrically arranged, and a bit of quiet coloring is seen in the round window at the head of the stairs. Opposite the landing is a door to the main school room, at the right a door to the girls’ cloak room, which is eleven by fourteen feet, and at the left the boys’ coat room, which is seven by fourteen feet. Both of these rooms also connect directly with the main school room. The principal’s cosy room, ten by thirteen feet, occupies the tower, and with windows on three sides commands charming views to the north, east and south. This room opens from the stairway hall. From this hall is also a stairway leading to the tower lofts and the unfin- ished attic. The main school room is forty by forty-six feet, besides its semi-circular bay window, seven feet deep, project- ing from the south side of the room, opposite the entrance. The room is admirably lighted by five windows on the west side and three on the south, being at the left and back of the pupils, while a broad wall space between the south windows and the bay, directly opposite the teacher’s platform, affords an agreeable relief from the glare of the mid-day sun. On the east side is a very ample fire-place of pressed brick, with a handsome oak mantel. Connecting with the school- room on the east is a recitation room about fourteen by thirty- two feet, so arranged that it may be used as two rooms on occasion, and another, sixteen by twenty-three feet, occupies the northwest corner of the building. This room has closets for chemical and physical apparatus. The basement of the building, besides the steam heating apparatus for both direct and indirect radiation, contains also a well lighted, pleasant southeast room with a handsome fireplace and mantel, which is appropriated to the use of the school as a lunch room. Water is supplied for all purposes from a well sunk on the premises. There is an outer door on the north side for the boys, and one at the northerly extreme of the west side for the girls, with connecting corridor and covered way, giving convenient access to outbuilding and yard. THE DAMON MEMORIAL. 147 Turning now to the portion of the building devoted to the library, we enter the tiled vestibule, seven by eight feet, and from this the space railed off from the main room, to be used as a waiting room. The room devoted to the storage of books, like the story throughout, is fourteen feet high, occupies the southwest corner of the building, and is thirty-one by forty feet. It is lighted by nine lofty windows. Shelving is now arranged for five or six thousand volumes, and should need arise, the book room could be arranged to accommodate twenty thousand. It is separated from the waiting room bya screen, the upper part of which consists of an arch of open timber work, the lower part being the desk for the delivery of books, and the supplementary railing. At the northwest corner of the building, and connecting with the book room is the libra- rian’s work room which is about twelve by twenty-five feet, and has an outside door. The southeast corner of the building is reserved for the reading room, which is twenty by twenty-eight and one-half feet, besides its semi-circular bay projecting seven feet on the south side, opposite the entrance. It adjoins the book room and the waiting room, being separated from each by glazed screen work. It is a most attractive room, with its ample fireplace and oak mantel of tasteful design, chimney corner seat, tinted walls and delicately shaded stained glass transoms. A low case for books of reference fills the whole of the west side, and two large tables for periodicals stand in the room. _ The building throughout is finished with oak in the natural color. The carpenter work was done by Emory Rogers, who had also general charge of the whole work. Thomas Hennessey did the stone work, Peter Carr the brick work and plastering, and the walls and ceilings were tinted by Daniel Boyden. It was the intent of Mr. Gale that all material and labor for the building, so far as possible, should be derived from the town of Holden. However considered, the structure deserves the title which it has received, “The Gem of Worcester County.” The formal exercises of the Presentation and Dedication of the Damon Memorial occurred August 29th, 1888. The day 148 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. was very fine, and many visitors came from neighboring towns and from a distance to share with the citizens of Holden in the interest and pleasure of the day. The public exercises of the morning were held in the Con- gregational church, which had been tastefully decorated for the occasion, in the presence of an audience which thronged the church. After a selection by the Marlboro’ Brass Band, which furnished the music for the day, Rev. William G. Tuttle offered prayer. Mr. Alonzo K. Learned, the President of the Day, then gave the following Address of Welcome : “ Ladies and Gentlemen :— This morning, so bright and beau- tiful, is indicative of the welcome we extend to each. We are glad that, whether living by the sea, in the city, by the mountains, or on the distant prairie, a common impulse has moved so many of the sons and daughters of Holden to return and join in the festivities of the day —the day of the slowly rolling century in the history of the town. The familiar paths, the old homestead and school-house, the village green, this old church, though mute, unite with us in cordial sal- utation. Whether participating in the exercises of the day, meeting with friends, renewing old associations, treading with careful step the place ‘Where heaves the turf in many a mouldering heap,’ or standing by the memorial raised to the memory of parents, brother, or sister,—may all the hours be filled with pleasure, bene- diction, and blessing to each of you. ‘* Welcome to those men and women, distinguished in the walks of life, who are with us to-day. We feel that the occasion is in unison with the efforts you are putting forth to lift man ‘To a purer air and a broader view.’ May the breath of the hills, the warmth of ‘our hospitality, the spirit pervading these exercises, the bright outlook which generous thought and generous hands have opened to the people of this town, cheer and strengthen you. ‘¢ Cordial greeting to the honored official representative of the city of Worcester, to the members of bench and bar, to her accomplished librarian, to her teachers, eminent for learning and ability, to her honored business men, to all her citizens, whose united life consti- tutes the purity of the life of the ‘Heart of the Commonwealth’. SCHOOLS AND LIBRARY. 149 ‘* To the citizens of adjoining towns, who, in response to invita- tion, or who, moved by neighborly feeling, are present to offer congratulations, we extend the hand of welcome. ‘*Welcome one and all to this historic ground, given by the Hon. John Hancock to the early settlers for a public common, and a site for a church, where for many generations, men, in the exercise of the rights of freemen, have met in times of peace and prosperity, in times of danger and alarm, to transact business for the common welfare, or to discern from a common consideration the path of duty and of honor. ‘© Welcome to this historic and hallowed church, within whose walls the generations of the past have met, feeling a common need, humbly praying for a common blessing, and finding it ‘none other than the house of God and the gate of heaven’. ‘¢ At a town meeting, the second in the history of the town, held May roth, 1741, the legal voters first passed the following vote : ‘«¢ Voted to have the gospel preached in town’. The fourth vote of that meeting was: ‘ Voted to have a reading and writing school.’ ‘¢In happy accordance with the spirit animating those men, in happy accord with all that noble men have planned for the public welfare in ‘Yonder painted shingly town-house,’ in happy accord with the purest aspirations of those who have trod ‘These quiet aisles of prayer,’ is the occasion which has assembled us to-day. ‘© Yonder ‘Memorial Building’ is but the completion of the structure, the foundations of which the men of Holden laid in r7qr. It is the tribute which persons reared and educated in New England gladly offer to the wisdom of the fathers in establishing a system of free public schools for the education of the children of a free republic. «¢ That we may more fully understand the plans and purposes of the donors, the beauty and utility of the structure, and learn what workmen have wrought from foundation to turret stone, I present to you the architect, Mr. Stephen C. Earle, of Worcester.” Mr. Earle said : ‘© One bright March day of last-year found me, at the request of him whose wisdom and generosity makes the occasion for this glad 150 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. gathering, viewing the site proposed for a building designed to meet the pressing needs of this old town of Holden in two important par- ticulars, viz., first, a public library, and second, better accomodations for the high school. The glistening, crusted snow covered the whole landscape, but then, as now, the fitness of the site selected was apparent. There was the beautiful and ample lot, with its graceful, central knoll, where the half filled-cellar told of a home of the past, with a location all that could be desired. ‘“‘In the middle of the village, only a stone’s throw from Main Street, nearly opposite the old Damon mansion, directly adjoining the Common, the Damon Memorial becomes one among the group of the town’s public buildings. In the first instructions to the architect was the statement that the building was to be of brick or stone, preferably the latter, a preference on the part of a client which is always heartily seconded by the architect. Some one has said that a brick building, however large, cannot be made grand or imposing. Without arguing the point, it will at once be conceded that even a small building of stone has a certain dignity, due to the materials, whatever the treatment of it. In this building the stone has an added value, a sentimental one at least, from its being indigenous, coming from the granite quarry of John P. Dodd, on one of the Holden hills, about a mile distant.} ‘‘'You may judge of the material value of the generous outlay of those benefactors who have here built a permanent home for your library and school, but few can have an idea of the intense and constant interest, the loving thought and care with which they, from their distant home, have inspired and watched every detail of design and construction. My task has been a pleasant one, working out with such success as I might their high ideals. ‘«Though ‘ westward the star of empire takes its way’, and with it many of the brightest and best among us, let us be thankful that the heart strings still bind them in love to their old eastern homes.” Mr. Learned then introduced Mr. Gale in the following words : “Tt is said that Anaxagoras, beholding the Mausoleum erected by Artemisia, Queen of Caria, to her deceased husband, Mausolus, 'The description of the building, given on this occasion by Mr. Earle, has already been given in substance in this chapter. THE DAMON MEMORIAL. 51 which was constructed of the most costly marbles and decorated in the highest style of Grecian art, exclaimed, ‘ How much money is changed into stone!’ From the statement of Mr. Earle, con- firmed by our own observation and knowledge, we are ready, when viewing the massive proportions, completeness, and elegance of the Memorial, to exclaim, ‘How much money is changed into wood and stone!’ Artemisia, in erecting the Mausoleum, would enshrine and perpetuate the memory of her husband, thus exhibiting one of the most beautiful sentiments of the human heart. Our friends, animated by the same sentiment, would perpetuate the name of a family, honorably identified not only with the history of the town, the county, the state, and the nation, but also with the progress of civilization and Christianity in other lands and the islands of the distant seas, by linking it with the ‘living present’ and the long future. Thé ‘ Memorial,’ while casting its loving shadow over the ancestral roof, through whose garden gate five generations have passed, welcomes to its lofty halls the youth of the present and fu- ture generations and places in the hand of each ‘a good book, the precious life-blood of a master spirit, embalmed and treasured up for a purpose of life beyond life.’” Mr. Gale was greeted with hearty applause, and made the following Presentation Address : “Mr. President and Friends: Thirty-four years ago, I came to this village to teach the district school. The frame school-house, still standing, and in use, was then new, and was a subject of much interest and pride. The only instruction I received from the school committee as to the management of the school was that I should keep the scholars from marking and scratching the new school-house. I entirely neglected my duty in this respect. At the end of the winter, marks and scratches were very abundant; and I knew it was all my fault, for no school- master ever had better boys and girls. After thinking over my offense for thirty-four years I concluded the only suitable recom- pense I could make was to give the town a new school-house, which I have accordingly done. I do not say, however, there were no other considerations and more serious, for the enterprise. Here my wife was born and reared; and this, in the opinion of at least her husband, entitles the place to monumental ‘honors. May I also mention especially her brother, the late Dr. Samuel C. Damon, a 2 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. I oan resident of Honolulu, Hawaiian Islands, a great-hearted and broad- minded man, with a deep affection for his native town. He it was who first suggested to me the idea of aiding to establish here a public library. It is in memory of him, and of her other kinspeople! and other friends dear to us both, whose homes have been here’in this and other generations, that we have sought to do this town some good thing, so important and permanent that the inhabitants will always kindly remember us. ‘¢Mr. President, I hold in my hands and now deliver, title papers conveying to the town of Holden, from my wife and myself, the new Library and High School Building and grounds. The con- veyance is made in trust and upon the conditions that the town shall, under the law of Massachusetts, organize a Board of Trustees to manage the estate and library; that the town keep the building in repair and continue the insurance of $10,000 already placed upon it, with premium paid for five years ; that the library be also kept insured and that both the building and library shall be restored in case of destruction or impairment; that the grounds shall be kept in neat and tasteful order, appropriately adorned with flowers; that the town shall maintain a Free Public Library and Reading-room in the building and shall appropriate and expend annually, of its own money, not less than $200 for the purchase of new works for the library ; that the school held in the building shall always be free to the inhabitants of Holden, and shall be at least equal to a High School in grade. I trust these conditions will not seem unreason- able or burdensome. They certainly have been made after much thought, solely to secure to the public the greatest benefit possible from this undertaking. ‘* At the last, friends, we part with this estate, so interesting has it grown to be to us, with something like reluctance—a glad reluc- tance—as parting with a daughter at the marriage altar. And this is really a nuptial day. This gift is the bride; and she carries with herself to this people our benediction. There is a proverb of three Latin words, ‘Qué Legit Regit’, ‘He who reads is king’. Then let this be your palace royal. Thither, through many, many years, through summer bloom and winter gloom, may the feet of your children turn as to a garden of entertainments. For your young men and young women, I pray you make this the happy, "See Genealogical Table of the Damon Family, p. 160. THE DAMON MEMORIAL. 153 wholesome greeting place, till books shall interest them and lure them to stay. For the old, when they come, lead them to the sunniest spot, the easiest chair, and show them the open page. But most of all, for those earnest ones among you, especially if they be poor, who hunger and thirst for books and the better things which books lead up to, keep always the door wide open, the feast spread and the lights burning—all this, till these rugged stones shall crumble and be as dust.” After the applause which followed Mr. Gale’s address had died away, Mr. Charles E. Parker, acting as chairman of the board of selectmen, responded for the town in the following Address of Acceptance : ‘“*To Mr. and Mrs. Gale, whose benefaction calls us together to- day, I desire to say that I accept these deeds on behalf of the town. On behalf of the town I thank you. The conditions and require- ments of the deed are reasonable and satisfactory, and I know I can promise a ready and hearty acceptance. The library, containing, as it does, the sum and substance of the life work of many students of the past, and the reading room, with its home-like comforts, supplied with papers and magazines filled with the best of the thoughts of the writers of to-day, are factors of education of immense advantage to the student at school and the community at large. ‘¢ This object lesson of beauty! Who can measure its influence for good? In behalf of the students who shall be inspired by the harmony and beauty to a higher ambition and greater effort, I thank you. Our fathers builded better than they knew when, in the early history of this country, beside the church they planted the school- house, and from time to time perfected the common school system. We all know it to be the corner stone and foundation of the best government on the face of the earth. With all due reverence, I would acknowledge a higher power, and invoke its aid to paralyze the hand that would take one stone from the foundation of our school system. It shall be maintained, and with it shall be kept green the memory of those who make education attractive. If he who makes two blades of grass grow where one grew before is a public benefactor, how much more he, who, adding to the facilities of acquiring knowledge, makes men wiser and better.” 154 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. At the conclusion of his address of acceptance, Mr. Parker called upon the audience to thank Mr. and Mrs. Gale for their gift, and all unanimously arose. The Prayer of Dedication was then offered by Rev. David F. Estes. Mr. Learned then intro- duced the orator of the day, Col. Thomas Wentworth Higgin- son, as being ‘‘a resident of Cambridge and of Holden”.' Col. Higginson spoke in part as follows : ‘* Fergusson, in his History of Architecture, says that ‘ wherever we see any work of man truly worthy of admiration, we may be quite sure that the credit of it is not due to an individual, but to thousands working together through a long series of years.’ He is speaking of the great cathedrals of Europe, which are undoubtedly the greatest visible work of man, when we consider both size and beauty; which were all built practically within a single century, the thirteenth, and nearly all, in France at least, within the sixty years from 1180 to 1240. When the traveller approaches one of these great buildings he has in one respect the same impression produced on many visitors hy the building we dedicate to-day. The cathedral 'Col. Higginson was for part of three years a resident of Holden, occupying during the summer ‘‘ Pine Grove Farm,” the residence of Samuel W. Armington. In presenting to the Gale Free Library a copy of his volume of Essays, ‘‘In a Fair Country. Illustrated by Irene E. Jerome”, Col, Higginson wrote, ‘‘ Some of the illustrations were drawn in Holden, while Miss Jerome was visiting us there.” From a pine grove in Holden came also the suggestion for his poem— ; THE SNOWING OF THE PINES. Softer than silence, stiller than still air, Float down from high pine boughs the slender leaves. The forest floor its annual boon receives That comes like snowfall, tireless, tranquil, fair. Gently they glide, gently they clothe the bare Old rocks with grace. Their fall a mantle weaves Of paler yellow than autumnal sheaves, Or those strange blossoms the witch-hazels wear. Athwart long aisles the sunbeams pierce their way ; High up, the crows are gathering for the night: The delicate needles fill the air; the jay Takes through the golden mist his radiant flight: They fall and fall, till at November's close The snowflakes drop as lightly-snows on snows. THE DAMON MEMORIAL. 15 wr dwarts everything around it, and seems, at first sight, almost disproportionate, both in size and dignity. In going towards Cologne, for instance, or York Minster, you are impressed with the fact that, instead of drawing near to a town, you are approaching a cathedral. The building looms in the distance, large, stately, solid, glittering in the light or dim with shade, very much as in crosssing Kansas and approaching Colorado, you see Pike’s Peak on the one hand, and the Spanish Peaks on the other, the far off prediction of wonders yet to be revealed. When you reach those mountains, you find towns already encamped around their feet, and so when you reach York or Cologne, you find the town encamped around the feet of the cathedral. Even so, fifty years hence, will the village of Holden be seen clustered around these solid walls, which enshrine its library and its high school. It will doubtless affect the other buildings to be hereafter erected in the town; they will be more solid, tasteful, appropriate, for having this building in their midst; but the Damon Memorial will be the center of the town, as it should be, for it will be the source and center of its intellectual life. ; ‘¢The parallel holds in other ways. Nothing comes so near the great impulse which built, within less than a century, the vast Euro- pean cathedrals, as the impulse which is dotting our land with pub- lic libraries. We mistake if we suppose that those medieval glories of the world came from a religious enthusiasm alone. They repre- sent a great peaceful uprising of the people against the feudal sys- tem, an impulse of which the French bishops skillfully availed themselves to strengthen themselves against the feudal lords on the one side and the religious brotherhoods on the other. Before the period of cathedral building, all the great ecclesiastical buildings were monastic ; the people had no part in them; but in the cathe- drals the laity bore most of the expense and shared, in at least an equal degree, their ownership and purposes. In the previous build- ings the laity had no rights, and took no part in what was done there ; but in the cathedrals, the people were at home. There the popular assemblies were gathered, the local governments organized, that were to make a stand against the feudal lords; in the cathedrals the courts and markets were held, and not merely religious shows took place, but even popular farces and wild buffooneries. When the commune, or local muncipality, of Noyon, for example, was to be organized, the bishop called together in the cathedral the men of 156 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. property, the professional and business men and the skilled artisans, and presented to them a charter, which created for them a popular ; government (corps de bourgeo’s). Thus the cathedrals were not merely religious but public buildings ; they had a democratic origin, and the very oldest of them, as that of Laon, have rather the air of municipal structures than of.churches. They were not only larger buildings than had before been consecrated to religion, but they spoke a new language, that of the people; and thus the whole people joined to build them. ‘During the two summers while I have watched this building rise, I have been constantly struck with the fact, that it represents the same great popular impulse in the nineteenth century that the cathedral represented in the thirteenth. The ancient cathedral and the modern town library alike stand for the spirit of their age. Now, as then, a single benefactor often gives the whole financial means for the great work; we meet to-day to express gratitude to such a donor; but he himself would be the first to admit that he represents the great impulse of enlightenment, which is providing every town in Massachusetts with free libraries. In a wholly illiterate community such an enterprise would be wasted, and the donor of this building was working unconsciously for it just as much when he taught one of your schools in his youth, as when, in his prosperous maturity, he feeds the demand he helped to create. And every one who, in this town, or elsewhere, has ever worked for public school or public library, has been one of the thousand who, as Fergusson said, have helped to prepare the way for every great work of man. As I have watched this building go up, it has seemed to me to rise,—as was said, by a medizval writer, of the cathedrals— ‘built of the money of the rich and the prayers of the poor.’ Men of almost every occupation in this town have been employed about this building, and have worked, as they did in the middle ages, with a zeal not measured only by the day’s wages. Those who did not work with their hands have watched the laying of every stone, and have contributed, without charge, sympathy enough to encourage any contractor, as well as good advice enough seriously to embarrass him. I am confident that no European cathedral ever had a larger share of discussion and counsel to the square inch than the Damon Memorial; and it may be said of it, as of the great medieval cathedrals, that it has been ‘built of the money of the rich and the prayers of the poor.’ THE DAMON MEMORIAL. 157 ‘« And it must always be kept in view that this is but one contri- bution to that vast movement which is covering our state with public - libraries, as Europe was covered with cathedrals. ‘One of the favorite heroes of that eloquent man, [Mr. George William Curtis,] I remember, is Sir Philip Sidney, and it is Sir Philip Sidney who says in his ‘Defense of Poesy’ that ‘the ending end of all knowledge is virtuous action.’ Action is higher even than thought. On this principle there have been two great days in the history of Holden within my memory. One was the day, (April zoth, 1861,) when the summons went out from the state house calling upon the Holden Rifles to go, at a few hours notice, to the defense of Washington ; and they went. That was Holden’s greatest day; this is the next; and it is pleasant to think that among those who worked upon this building were more than one of those who then rallied at their country’s call. Yes, action is higher than thought ; deeds than words. The poet Keats, the most ideal of all poets, says in one of his letters that ‘ fine thinking is, next to fine doing, the top thing of the universe.’ It is the mission of a school- house and a library to bring about not merely fine thinking but fine doing. ‘‘T should like to see around the walls of the Holden Free Library some such inscription as used to delight me in boyhood, on the handbills of an old bookstore I used to frequent in Boston: ‘ Here you may range the world with the magic of « book, and cheat expectation and solitude of their weary moments.’ And there will surely remain in that hall, with or without a portrait, the memory of . the benefactor—may I not say of the two wedded benefactors ?— through whom its pleasures and its.advantages have been provided for coming generations of those whom they have never seen.” After an hour spent in social greetings, and in the examin- ation of the edifice, a procession formed under the direction of Chief Marshal Edward W. Merrick, and marched to the large dining tent, which had been spread on the Damon grounds, nearly opposite the Memorial building. Dinner was served to ' 158 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. about six hundred, After the conclusion of the dinner, Mr. Learned introduced Hon. Henry W. Warren as Toastmaster. He presented as the first sentiment, “ Ze Commonwealth of Massachusetts,’ to which Hon. George B. Loring of Salem, Minister of the United States to Portugal, responded at length. “The City of Worcester” was spoken for by Hon. Samuel Winslow, Mayor of the city. Nathan Allen, M. D., of Lowell, then presented a sketch of the life-work and character of Samuel C. Damon, D. D.; Mr. Samuel S. Green, of the Worcester Public Library, spoke to the sentiment, “ 7he Library, Gar- nercd Wisdom of Centuries”; a poem entitled “New England Granite,” was read by Mr. Solon P. Davis, of Hartford, and Albert P. Marble, Ph. D., Hon. P. Emory Aldrich, Gen. Augustus B. R. Sprague of Worcester, and Henry A. Stimson, D. D., of St. Louis, a former pastor of Mrs. Gale, also made brief addresses. The following Ode by Mrs. Gecrgia Allen Peck was sung by the entire assemblage. ‘¢ Gazing on this massive splendor, Stately, changeless, fair to view, Fain our grateful song would render, Gracious donors, homage due. Let glad voices Sound the note of praise anew. Here, in youth’s unsullied morning, Eager for life’s golden ore, Dead to sloth, and folly scorning, Lo, at wisdom’s mystic door, Youth and maiden Glad shall garner priceless lore. Here the treasure of all ages, Poet’s dream, and fancy’s flight, Science, art and wealth of sages In grand symphony unite. God hath spoken— Echo all, let there be light ! THE DAMON MEMORIAL. 159 Onward points the tireless finger ; Progress knows nor halt nor stay, Suns shall in their orbit linger, Time’s swift sands their course delay, Ere her footsteps Falter in their upward way. Spirits thrilled and hearts o’erflowing, Giver of all good, to thee Each rich gift of thy bestowing Consecrated here shall be; Now and ever, Consecrated, Lord, to thee!” At a legal town meeting, held September 26th, 1888, the acceptance of the Damon Memorial upon the conditions and requirements contained in the deed of gift, was formally voted. The following expression of thanks was also adopted : “The Town of Holden in town meeting assembled formally accepts the ‘* Damon Memorial” Library and High School Building, and the books presented by Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Gale of Minne- apolis, and desires at the same time publicly to express and place on record its appreciation of the good-will, generosity and even munifi- cence of these gifts. To the natural pride, which we have felt as our former fellow citizens in the worth and prosperity of Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Gale, is now added gratitude for their remembrance and helpfulness. ‘The building most amply supplies needs already felt, and that on a scale which indicates the large heartedness of its donors, while the strength and dignity of its architectural structure makes it at once an ornament to the town and a constant lesson to its citizens. ‘‘The town pledges itself to the fulfillment of the wise and fit conditions imposed by its donors, to the careful preservation of the property, to the enlargement of the Library, and to whatever may make school and library better subserve the purposes of Mr. and Mrs. S. C. Gale, and better honor their large and wise liberality.” ‘aynYS YuBly pel, “stasoy Arowg powaveypl, “eInyS “I sowvef pare, “VO “DO [anwivg parry, “UoyMouy “JT sapeyo pair, “Surpynog snyeusy parry, “6LL1 ‘uaploH{ 0} peroway z aqapMuodur AT[VUOTJUDIUL ST aTquy, SIU 1 *gSgt *ESor “oSQI “glot-+he1 *gigi-1€er ‘+ o1UUYy ‘sy Arey eA UOLIeIA CW ATI uePH | | | “€fQ1 ‘IQQI-QZgI ‘OQSI-QZS1 “LogI-gigt | ‘41gr “EgeI-Sigt "zggi-E1gt *i€gI-O1gl «Vv uesng ‘qsnjisnsny “Yq sopeyg ‘[eaweH “V Are ‘oeesy ‘O penures , Vy Aouojy “y uesng | | | “EggI-gglt | *48g1-9g41 “gEgi-Eght *Logi—-6EL1 ‘Arsuayy Aouopy = ‘Janues ‘1esiqyy ‘ueunuuag ‘chgt—-PSLr | *Crgi=SeL1 ‘uvulUUag [resiqy = ,{uowerd janwes VMTNVA NOWVG JHL 40 ATAVL TWOIOOTVANAD “CHAPTER X. MILITARY AFFAIRS, CotontaL Campaicns.— REVOLUTIONARY SoLpiEers. — MILITIA Orricers. — THE Boys 1n BiurE.— Turron E. Hari Post G. A. R. NGW|ILITARY affairs interested the early inhabitants of '] Holden, not so much from choice as from necessity. The early settler’s gun was his constant companion, and the farmer, at an hour’s notice, turned militia- man and soldier. May 22d, 1744, the Town “voted that the Some of Thirty- three pounds old Tener money be Assesed upon poles and Estates and passed into a rate to provide powder and bulits and flints for a Town Stock and for the transport of Sd Stock.” In a great share of the campaigns that preceded the revolu- tion, Holden was represented. The ancient muster rolls still testify to the public spirit which sent the early settlers from their scarcely built homes and still uncleared fields into the service of their county. In 1747, Jonathan Metcalf and Jotham Rice served at New Rutland. In 1755, Ephraim Ben- nett served in a Lancaster company, commanded by Asa Whetcomb, on the Crown Point expedition, and died in active service. Samuel Estabrook also served in 1755. In 1857, Sergeant William Fisher, Richard Flagg, Samuel Boyd, John Boyd, Benjamin Allen and Jacob Lindsey were out three weeks to serve with the forces at Lake George. Samuel Bigelow _ 162 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. served in 1757, and Henry Rice, Job Harris, Jedediah Esta- brook and Ebenezer Fletcher in 1758. The same year the following muster roll was made out: ‘* A muster Roll of a Detachment of men from Capt John Biglo Company of Holdin of Cole John Chandler Jr. Regiment that marched on the Late alarm for the Relief of fort William Henry under the command of John Biglo as their Captain who marched from Holdin to Sheffield being 113 mile out.” ‘‘All served 17 days closing Aug. 19 1758.” John Bigelow, Captain, Samuel Thompson, Samuel Hubbard, Ensign, Thomas Greenwood, John Child, Sergeant, Samuel Boyd, Joseph Greenwood, Sergeant, Elisha Mirick, Isaac Smith, Sergeant, Thomas Dryden, Simon Davis, Sergeant, William Barber, William Flagg, Corporal, Benjamin Allen, Andrew Smith, Corporal, Job Harris, Paul Raymond, Corporal, Ebenezer Goodnow, Moses Wheeler, Corporal, Jedidiah Estabrook, Ebenezer Fletcher, Tsaac Thompson. Gideon Fisher, In 1759 the following served nearly nine months each : First Lieutenant Ebenezer Fletcher, Sergeant Samuel Bigelow, Samuel Estabrook, Jedediah Estabrook, Job Harris, Samuel Hubbard, John Murphy, Henry Rice and Samuel Thompson. John Woodward and Ebenezer Goodnow also served the same year. In 1760, “Richard Miles, born in Ireland, 36 yrs” enlisted for the reduction of Canada. In 1761, there served in “Thomas Cowdine’s Co.” till December 2d: Noah Cotton, enlisted June 20th; Thomas Cotton, June 30th; ‘Thomas Crage, June 18th; James Crage, June 18th; William McMaster, June 18th, and Robert Train, June 30th. Isaac Whitney served from June 29th to November 17th. In the same com- pany the next year, 1762, Sergeant Job Harris, was mustered in March 17th; Nathan Bigelow, March 22d; James Cutler, March 24th, and Isaiah Sprout, March 22d; the service of MILITARY AFFAIRS. 163 all ending November t1oth. In 1766, Ithamar Goodenough served in Captain Fay’s Company. — When ‘the embattled farmers stood, and fired the shot heard round the world,” its echoes roused two companies from Holden, both of which marched April 19th, 1775. ‘¢ Roll of Major Paul Raymond Company of Militia who marched from Holden in the County of Worcester to Cambridge on the roth of April A D 1775. Said Company belongs to the first Regiment in said County.” Paul Raymond, Major, Nat. Harrington, Lieutenant, John Child Jr., 2d Lieutenant, Ebenezer Estabrook, Sergeant, Elisha Mirick, Sergeant, Samuel Chaffin, Sergeant, Jonathan Rice, Moses Wheeler, Jason Gleason, Jesse Allen, Joseph Fletcher, Thomas Kimball, Aaron Broad, Amasa Holt, Asa Lovell, Amos Lovell, William Raymond, Amos Raymond, Timothy Morse, David Winch, John Potter, David Potter, John Symond, David Smith, Amos Hubbard, William Flagg, Zillai Stickney, Valentine Harris, John Mack, John Willington, Israel Davis, Jr., Daniel Black, Samuel Estabrook, Jr., David Perry, Josiah Stratton, Amos Heywood, Charles Heywood, David Fisk. ‘* Roll of the minute company in Holden Capt. James Davis, James Davis, Captain, Samuel Thompson, rst Lieut., in Col. Doolittle’s Reg. Marched April 19t8 1775.” Noah Haven, Corporal, Seth Snow, Corporal, Samuel Hubbard, 2d Lieutenant, Artemas Dryden, Fifer, Francis Willson, Sergeant, tisha Hubbard, Sergeant, Daniel Grout, Corporal, Henry Taft, Corporal, Thomas Davis, Ephraim Smith, Samuel Row, Jacob Black, HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Nathaniel Sheppard, Simon Stickney, Joshua Gale, Thomas Hurd, John Oben, Thomas Dryden, John Winch, Aaron Wheeler, Isaiah Brown, Nathan Wheeler, Edmund Hall, Jesse Partridge, Paul Goodale, Peter Hubbard, James Cheney, Bartholomew Stearns, Jonathan Howe, John McMullen, Jonathan Fisk, Isaiah Cheney, Jr., John Dodd, Jabez Metcalf, Jonathan Wheeler, Elijah Rice, Jr., Judah Wright. Holden soldiers served constantly and everywhere during the whole Continental Army was sixty-five, Revolutionary war. The number serving in the and ninety-seven others served for a larger or shorter time as militia. The list of soldiers in the Continental army was as follows : Abbott, John, Allard, Andrew, Bailey, John, Bartlett, Jonathan, Blake, Jeremiah, Boston, Philip, Bougle, Thomas, Brown, David, Cheney, Ebenezer, Davis, Levi, Davis, Samuel, Davis, Solomon, Davis, Thomas, Corporal, Drury, William, Dryden, Artemas, Fifer, Eaton, Samuel, Ebet, William, Fisk, David, Flagg, Jonathan, Flagg, William, Foster, Elisha, Fuller, Jeremiah, Gay, Amasa, Grant, Samuel, Greenwood, Asa, Griffin, John, Harrington,! Lemuel, Harrington, Micah, Harrington, Nathan, rst L’t. Harrington, Samuel, Heard, Thomas, Heywood, David, Heywood, Lemuel, Captain, Heywood, Levi, Holt, Ephraim, Jr. Homes, William Thomas, 'The name is also written Herrington and Herring. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 165 Howe, Abraham, Hubbard, Abel, Corporal, Hubbard, Samuel, 2d Lieut. Jolls, Thomas, Jones, Abel, Keyes, Ezra, Kimball, Thomas, Lovell, Nathan, Mahana, John, Nichols, David, Partridge, Peter, Perry, Daniel, Perry, John, © Peter, Simon, Potter, David, Potter, James, Raymond, William, Rice, Ezra, Row, Samuel, Smith, Asa, Stearns, Increase, Stearis, Increase, Jr. Stevens, Thomas, Stickney, Barzillai, Webb, George, Captain, Wheeler, Moses, Wheeler, Nathan, Wheeler, Thomas, Williams, John. The list of Militia men called into active service during the Allen, Jesse, Black, Daniel, Black, Jacob, Corporal, Black, John, Corporal, Broad, Aaron, Brown, Isaiah, rst Lieutenant, Chaffin, Samuel, Sergeant, Chaffin, Tilla, Chenery, Isaac, Cheney, Isaiah, Jr. Cheney, James, Cheney, Solomon C. Child, John, Jr., 2d Lieutenant, Clemens, Jonathan, Crosby, Sparrow, Davis, Edmund, Davis, Israel, Jr., Davis, James, Captain, Davis, James, Jr. Davis, Jonathan, ''The name also appears as Howard. war of the Revolution is as follows: Dodd, John, Dryden, Thomas, Estabrook, Ebenezer, Serg’t Estabrook, Samuel, Jr. Fisk, Jonathan, Sergeant, Fletcher, James, Gale, Joshua, Gleason, Jason, Goodale, Paul, Grout, Daniel, Sergeant, Hall, Edmund, Harris, Valentine, Haven, Noah, Sergeant, Heard, William, Fifer, Heywood,! Amos, Heywood, Charles, Heywood, John, Heywood, Samuel, Hinds, Daniel, Hinds, Nimrod, 166 HISTORY OF Holbrook, David, Holt, Amasa, Howe, Jonathan, Howe, Joseph, Howe, Jotham, Hubbard, Amos, Hubbard, Attai,! Hubbard, Elisha, Sergeant, Hubbard, Levi, Hubbard, Peter, Keyes, [saac, Keyes, Israel, Lovell,? Asa, Lovell, Amos, Mack, John, McMullen, John, Marshall, Timothy, Mead, Benjamin, Jr. Metcalt, Jabez, Mirick, Elisha, Sergeant, Moore, Jonathan, Morse, Timothy, Nichols, Jonathan, Obens, John, Sergeant, Parmenter, Solomon, Partridge, Jesse, Corporal, Perry, David, Potter, John, Raymond, Amos, HOLDEN. Raymond, Paul, Major, Rice, Elijah, Jr. Rice, Jonathan, Robinson, Jeremiah, Sargent, Daniel, Shepherd, Nathaniel, Corp’l, Smith, David, Smith, Ephraim, Smith, Joab, Snow, Aventon, Snow, Seth, Corporal, Stearns, Bartholomew, Stickney, Simeon, Symonds, John, Tatt, Henry, Corporal, Thompson, Phineas, Thompson, Samuel, Corp’l, Turner, Bezaleel, Walker, Hezekiah, Webb, Constant, Wheeler, Aaron, Wheeler, Jonathan, Willington, John, Willson, Francis, Ensign, Winch, David, Winch, Francis, Winch, John, Wright, Judah. The records show that the Revolution brought heavy finan- cial burdens. Amid the difficulties always incident to a new settlement, the distresses and anxieties inseparable from war, and the constant loss arising from a depreciating currency, the little town, not forty years old and as yet numbering scarce seven hundred inhabitants, found it no easy matter to do what must be done in the way of furnishing and supporting troops. ‘Died in service. ? Also written Lowell. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 167 The following records will show something of what was de- manded and done in the struggle for independence. March 24th, 1777. ‘+ Voted a Committee of tive men to Levy an Equal and Equitable Assessment on the Inhabitants of Holden towards raising men for three years or During the War” ‘* Voted Twenty Pounds to Each Man that shall inlist into the Continental Army for Three Years or dureing the War” January 26th, 1878. ‘+ Allowed Six pounds for the Two Months Men to Providence ‘¢ Eleven pounds five shillings for Six weeks to Bennington ‘¢ Six pounds for one month to Fort Edward ‘« Twenty Four pounds for the five first Men that went to Provi- dence **Samuel Heywood Ju® to have 18 pounds & John Perry to have 14 pounds Micah Harrington to have 12 pounds ‘« Kighteen pounds for the Men that went to Still Water Three months ‘fone pound Ten Shillings for the Men that went to Hadly for one week ” June 21st, 1779, it was voted to raise five men for the Continental Army and to send twelve more to Rhode Islarid. October 20th, seven men were hired at $300 apiece. June Igth, 1780, ten men were called for at once. September 4th, the town was asked to supply clothing for the troops, and more than once afterward there stands on the town books record of the settlement for single articles of clothing, a shirt or a waist- coat, furnished for the soldiers. October 18th, the town voted to provide four thousand eight hundred pounds of beef. December 25th, 1780, there was a levy of nine more men to be met. “¢ Voted to give the men that Shall Engage to serve 3 years in the Continental Army 20 3 year olds or the Value thereof at the Expi- ration of S¢ Term—and if S¢ Men Serve but one year they shall have 20 yearlings & if 2 years 20 2 year olds 5¢ Cattle to be of middling Size.” This proposition, however, seems to have found no takers, but “three men agreed to go for Three Hundred & fifty 168 Dollars each in hard money.” called for. West Point and two to Rhode Island. ce be 6 6s oe ee ae oe ce ae 66 9 6 £ ce HISTORY OF HOLDEN. July 9th, 1781, more beef was At the same time six soldiers must be sent to The following statement stands upon the records of the town: ‘* The following is an account of what Cost the Town of Holden has been at During the present war in part. 7o men the first alarm at Cambridge April 19, 1775 27 men 8 month at Winter Hill May 12 men 6 weeks at Dotchester December 12 men 2 month at Dotchester Febr 18 men 5 month at New York July 3 men one year to the North wood 4 men 5 month at Ticonderoga July 4 men 5 month at Boston July 15 men 2 month at New York Septr T5 men 3 month at the Jersies Decem' * § men8 month at Rhod island upon a request of the General Court April 12. Ir men 6 weeks at Bennington July 15 men 3 month at Still water Septer 2 7 men 2 month at Providance May 20 men one month at Fort Edward October 1 man 6 month to guard Stores at Brook field June ‘¢ 3 men 6 month to guard Stores at Brook field Decem™ “© g men 3 month at Rutland as guards March ‘* 3 men 6 month at Rutland July ‘+ 4 men 3 month to Dotchester Sept" ‘* 5 men 9 month to Reinforce the Continental army July ‘+ 4 men 8 month to Peekskill May 29 *- 6 men 9 month to Rhod island March 6 6 ‘ ot S men 6 weeks at New Port to Rein- force Gen. Sul 3 men 6 weeks at Tiver Town May 2 men 3 month at Rutland to guard July 2 men 3 month at Rutland Jany 3 1775 1775 1776 1776 1776 1776 1776 1776 1776 777 1777 Pie 1777 Leet 777 1777 1778 1778 1778 ee 1778 1778 1778 1879 1779 1779 £ 40 238 26 30 180 108 52 30 63 150 64 70 go 28 38 8 12 27 18 16 187 100 50 24 A, 4+ 3 o 0 0 0 Ot OT 0 6 = ogo © 10 5 10 ° N oo 0 © GO OG OO 6 oo 0 0 ° 90 0 © 6 o 0 © oo00 MILITARY AFFAIRS. 169 4 £E »s a ‘¢ 5 men g month at West Point July 8 1779 187 10 oO ‘© 5 men 2 month at Rhod island Sept 20 1779 10 10 Oo ‘© 8 men 3 month to Claverick October 9 1779 58 16 oO ‘¢19 men upon an alarm to Hadly August 1777 25 0 0 *¢ 2 men8 month at Rutland April 1780 16 0 0” To the War of 1812 and the Mexican War, Holden sent few soldiers. The records of the United States Government show that Reuben Coombs, John Holman and Henry Lawrence served from August 30th to October 31st, 1815, in Captain Enos Goss’ company of Lieutenant-Colonel Jonathan Page's Detached Massachusetts Militia at Fort Warren in Boston Harbor. Charles Paul, at one time a resident of Holden, is said to have served in the Mexican War and in Indian warfare before his enlistment in the War of the Rebellion. In a list of militiamen, without date,’ the names of the following officers appear : John Bigelow, Captain, Samuel Heywood, Ensign. Cyprian Stevens, Lieutenant, In 1763, we have this list : Samuel Heywood, Captain, John Child, 2d Lieutenant, Samuel Hubbard, rst Lieutenant, Amos Heywood, Ensign. In 1771 this was the list : Amos Heywood, Captain, Nathan Harrington, 2d Lieutenant, Paul Raymond, 1st Lieutenant, John Child, Jr., Ensign. The following persons residing in Holden received commis- sions in the militia at the dates named: Abbott, Chenery — Paymaster, July 7th, 1818 ; Captain, August 12th, 1826; Major, May 7th, 1828. Abbott, Jarvis — Captain, February 15th, 1817; Major, April 21st, 1819; Colonel, May 27th, 1822. Abbott, Lemuel —Ensign, Muy 30th, 1796; Lieutenant, September 17th, 1798; Captain, May 6th, 1800. 1«« Must have been’ made at an early period.”—Damon History. 170 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Babcock, Avery G. — Surgeon’s Mate, September 2d, 1831. Bartlett, Phineas T.— Adjutant, July tst, 1828; Paymaster, May 6th, 1823. Boynton, John — Paymaster, September 6th, 1836. Broad, Asa—Ensign, March 15th, 1808; Captain, March r2th, 1810, Chaffin, Hollis — Ensign, June 28th, 1828; Lieutenant, May 13th, 1829; Captain, September 15th, 1832. Chaffin, Samuel — Ensign, May 7th, 1816; Captain, March 7th, 1818. Chapin,' John — Lieutenant, March 29th, 1802; Captain, March 15th, 1808. Cheney, Simon — Ensign, March 31st, 1812; Lieutenant, July tith, 1812; Captain, March 25th, 1815. Clark, William — Ensign, September 15th, 1836. Crosby, Sparrow — Ensign, August r1th, 1827; Captain, Sep- tember 15th, 1832. Damon, Isaac P.—Lieutenant, September 7th, 1838; Cap- tain, April 25th, 1839; Major, August 28th, 1839. Damon, Samuel, Jr. — Lieutenant, August 7th, 1810; Captain, May 4th, 1813; Major, September rst, 1814; Lieuten- ant-Colonel, June 20th, 1816; Colonel, May 25th, 1818. Daniels, Joseph, Jr. — Captain, March 27th, 1815. Davis, Benjamin — Adjutant, September 3d, 1816. Davis, Daniel — Cornet, May 7th, 1811; Lieutenant, May 4th, 1813; Captain, September 26th, 1814. Davis, Dennis — Ensign, August 25th, 1824; Lieutenant, May 14th, 1825; Captain, June gth, 1827. Davis, Ethan, Jr. — Quartermaster, September 2d, 1830. Davis, Gardner — Quartermaster, August 4th, 1825. Davis, John — Captain, October 28th, 1789; Major, Septem- ber 3d, 1798; Lieutenant-Colonel Commandant, Sep- tember 28th, 1801. Davis, Jones — Cornet, May 3d, 1808. Davis, Lemuel — Quartermaster, October 21st, 1793. ' Also written Chapping. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 171 Davis, Merrill — Lieutenant, February 15th, 1817; Captain, June §:h, 1819; Major, October 25th, 1820; Colonel, May 27th, 1822. Davis, Paul, Jr.— Lieutenant, March 12th, 1810; Captain, March 31st, 1812; Major, May r4th, 1812. Davis, Thomas J. — Ensign, December 23:1, 1820; Lieutenant, August 21st, 1821; Captain, May 14th, 1825. Drury, Abel — Lieutenant, September 5th, 1831. Drury, William, Jr.— Ensign, June sth, 1819; Lieutenant, December 23d, 1820. Dryden, Artemas, Jr.— Lieutenant, April r4th, 1821; Cap- tain, June 23d, 1823; Major, June 27th, 1826; Lieuten- ant-Colonel, April 14th, 1827; Colonel, May 7th, 1828. Estabrook, Austin — Ensign, July ist, 1835; Lieutenant, August 6th, 1836; Captain, September 7th, 1838. Estabrook, Eben R. — Aide-de-camp to Brigadier-General, Au- gust 15th, 1839. Estabrook, Ebenezer — Quartermaster, September 7th, 1789. Estabrook, George — Surgeon’s Mate, August 29th, 1820. Estabrook, James — Ensign, September 17th, 1790; Lieuten- ant, April 28th, 1800; Captain, March 29th, 1802; Major, November 27th, 1807. Estabrook, John — Ensign, June 23d, 1820; Lieutenant, Janu- ary Ist, 1828; Captain, June 28th, 1828. Estabrook, Jonathan — Ensign, March 2gth, 1802; Lieuten- ant, March 15th, 1808. Estabrook, Jones— Cornet, February 20th, 1819; Adjutant, August 13th, 1822. Estabrook, Joseph — Eusign, May 6th, 1800. Estabrook, Stillman — Ensign, September 5th, 1831 ; Captain, April 13th, 1833; Colonel, August 15th, 1834. Estabrook, Washington — Ensign, March 7th, 1818; Lieuten- ant, May 5th, 1818. Fairbanks, Winslow — Ensign, July 28th, 1827; Lieutenant, May 15th, 1830. Fales, Leonard — Ensign, April 13th, 1833. 172 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Farrar, Peter — Ensign, July rith, 1812; Lieutenant, March sth, 1815; Captain, May 7th, 1816. Flagg, George — Paymaster, February 2oth, 1818. Flagg, Lyman—-Ensign, June ist, 1828; Lieutenant, June 28th, 1828; Captain, May 13th, 18209. Flagg, Silas — Ensign, March 12th, 1810; Lieutenant, March 31st, 1812; Captain, June 11th, 1812; Major, February 8th, 1815. Goulding, Jason —-Cornet, August 26th, 1823: Lieutenant, August 15th, 1825. Heywood, Simon — Cornet, April roth, 1815. Holt, Joab S.—Ensign, April 13th, 1833; Lieutenant, September 21st, 1833 ; Captain, September 25th, 1834; Major, August 22d, 1836; Lieutenant-Colonel, Septem- ber 14th, 1836; Colonel, July 6th, 1837. Howe, Amasa— Ensign, September 4th, 1832; Lieutenant, April 2d, 1833. Hubbard, Daniel -— Captain, July 28th, 1837. Hubbard, Peter — Ensign, May 2d, 1790. Hubbard, Samuel — Paymaster, July Ist, 1812. Hubbard, Willard M.— Ensign, March 25th, 1815 ; Lieutenant, May 7th, 1816, Hubbard, William — Lieutenant, June 12th, 1810. Hyde, Beriah W. — Ensign, April 25th, 1839. Kendall, Caleb, Jr. — Ensign, September 21st, 1833 ; Lieuten- ant, September 25th, 1834; Captain, August 6th, 1836. Kendall, James — Ensign, August 6th, 1836. Knowlton, George—Ensign, September 7th, 1838; Lieu- tenant, April 25th, 1830. Mann, Jason — Ensign, May 14th, 1825. May, Henry — Ensign, January Ist, 1834. Maynard, John P. — Ensign, February 18th, 1817; Lieutenant, June 5th, 1819; Captain, December 23d,.1820; Pay- master, December 23d, 1820. Moore, Newell— Lieutenant, September 15th, 1832. Ormsby, Marcus —— Lieutenant,.September 15th, 1836. Paine, William P. —Chaplain, September 6th, 1836. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 173 Parker, Timothy —- Captain, June 8th, 1836. Raymond, James — Ensign, April 14th, 1821. Read, John — Lieutenant, April 4th, 1806. Robbins, Augustus —- Surgeon’s Mate, August roth, 1837. Skinner, Aaron G.— Surgeon, September 6th, 1836. Smith, David — Lieutenant, May 27th, 1790; Captain, Sep- tember 17th, 1790. Smith, John M.— Surgeon’s Mate, May 22d, 1819. Stratton, Samuel — Lieutenant, June gth, 1827; Lieutenant- Colonel, August 15th, 1831. Waters, George — Chaplain, August 19th, 1837. Wheeler, Asa — Quartermaster, April 18th, 1806. The most of the militia service of Holden men was per- formed in connection with a “Grenadier” company. Some years before the Centennial of the town,’ a company of “Light Infantry " was also organized, and the two flourished simulta- neously for some years. Both, however, ceased to exist not long after the Centennial. No record of the issue of any commission has been found later than June, 1842. About fifteen years later, a “ Rifle’ company was organized, The commissions of its first officers bear date, December 13th, 1856. By the promptness of their response to our country’s call and the faithfulness of their service, the “ Rifles”? have become the peculiar glory of Holden. The term of enlist- ment of its members expired during the civil war, and it dis- banded. The list of commissions in the Militia of Massachusetts issued to members of the “ Rifle’ company is as follows : Bascom, George — Fourth Lieutenant, May 18th, 1861; Cap- tain, September Ist, 1862. Damon, Augustus F.— Fourth Lieutenant, June 23d, 1860; First Lieutenant, December 13th, 1856; Captain, Au- gust 28th, 1858. Flagg, Silas — Third Lieutenant, June 23d, 1860. ‘Damon History, p. 138. 74 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Gleason, Charles W.— Third Lieutenant, December 13th, 1856; Second Lieutenant, June 2oth, 1857; First Lieutenant, August 28th, 1858. Gleason, Joseph H.—Second Lieutenant, June gth, 1860; First Lieutenant, April 19th, 1861; Captain, May 18th, 1861. Hall, Theron E.— Captain, December 13th, 1856; Quarter- master, Staff of Third Division, July 13th, 18509. Knowlton, Charles — Fourth Lieutenant, "December 13th, 1856; Third Lieutenant, June 20th, 1857; Second Licutenant, August 28th, 1858; Captain, June goth, 1860. Ladd, Alfred—Second Lieutenant, December 13th, 1856; First Lieutenant, May 2d, 1857. Newell, Phineas R.— Second Lieutenant, April Igth, 1861; First Lieutenant, May 18th, 1861. Parmenter, David F.— Fourth Lieutenant, June 20th, 1857; Quartermaster, August 27th, 1859. The following is the most accurate list, which, after search of Post, State and National records, it has been found practi- cable to make of the soldiers who served in the War of the Rebellion, going from Holden, or serving on the quota of Holden. Armington, Samuel W.— Company D, Fifteenth Regiment, Enlisted January 3d, 1862. Ball, Diah— Company B, Third Battalion ; wagoner, Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April rgth, 1861, re-enlisted September 2oth, 1861. Ball, Warren J.— Company B, Third Battalion ; Company G, First Cavalry ; Lieutenant, Company D, Second Cavalry. Enlisted April 19th, 1861 ; re-enlisted September 25th, 1861 ; re-enlisted December r1gth, 1862. Barden, Charles—-Company K, Thirty-fourth Regiment; Company G, Twenty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted December 2d, 1863 ; transferred June 14th, 1865. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 175 Bascom, Artemas D.— Corporal, Company B, Third Battalion. Enlisted April 19th, 1861. Bascom, George — Lieutenant, Company B, Third Battalion ; Captain, Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted April 19th, 1861; re-enlisted September 30th, 1862. Bassett, Dexter T.— Company D, Twenty-fifth Regiment, Enlisted February 15th, 1865. Bassett, Uriah— Company A, Fifty-seventh Regiment. En- listed January 4th, 1864. Killed on Welden R. R. August 1gth, 1864. Bates, John W—Company C, Twenty-first Regiment. En- listed August 23d, 1861. Belden, Charles R.— Company RB, Fifty-first Regiment. En- listed September 30th, 1862. Bigelow, George T.— Company E, Twenty-first Regiment. Enlisted August 23d, 1861. Killed at Antietam, Md., September 17th, 1862. Black, Henry E.— Company B, Fifty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted January 4th, 1864. Died at Alexandria, Va., February 22d, 1865. Brock, Albert L.— Company E, Twenty-first Regiment. En- listed July 19th, 1861. Brown, George W.—-Company D, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 5th, 1864. Died at Charlotte, N. C., May 27th, 1865. Burnett, George M.— Company B, Third Battalion ; Sergeant, Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted April roth, 1861; re-enlisted September 30th, 1862. Burnham, Charles L.— Company H, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted July 28th, 1862. Callum, William J.—Company A, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 6th, 1862. Canniffe, Lyman R.—Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Chaffin, Alfred — Musician, Thirty-sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 22d, 1862. 176 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Chaffin, Frederic W.—Company A, Fifteenth Regiment. ‘Enlisted July 12th, 1861. Chaffin, Winslow — Company G, Twenty-first Regiment. En- listed August 15th, 1861. Chamberlain, Levi— Company A, Thirty-sixth Regiment. En- listed August 7th, 1862. Killed at Spottsylvania, Va., May 12th, 1864. Chenery, Cyrus, Jr.— Corporal, Company B, Third Battalion ; Corporal, Company B, Fifty-first Regiment; Corporal, Company F, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted April Igth, 1861; re-enlisted September 30th, 1862; re-en- listed July 15th, 1864. Chenery, Henry C.— Company B, Fifty-first Regiment ; Com- pany F, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862; re-enlisted July 15th, 1864. Cheney, George L.—Company G, Twenty-first Regiment. Enlisted August 1sth, 1861. Clapp, W. Warren— Company I, Twenty-first Regiment. En- listed November 6th, 1861. Clark, Edward— Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed September 20th, 1861. Died at Washington, N. C., September 18th, 1863. Clark, Edward B.— Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed September 21st, 1861. Clark, George S.— Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment. En- listed July 29th, 1862. Clark, John — Company -~, —— New York Cavalry. En- listed February 12th, 1862. Clark, John H.— Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment ; Com- pany A, Twenty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted December 5th, 1863; transferred June r4th, 186s. Clark, Samuel A.— Company B, Third Battalion ; Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April 19th, 1861; re-enlisted September 16th, 1861. Combs, Ariel— Company D, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted January 7th, 1865. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 177 Corey, George A.— Company B, Third Battalion: Company G, Twenty-first Regiment; Corporal, Company H, Thirtieth Regiment ; Corporal, Company F, Fifty-sixth Regiment.: Enlisted April i1oth, 1861; re-enlisted August 23d, 1861; transferred June 2d, 1864; trans- ferred June 8th, 1865. Creed, Albert F.— Company H, Twenty-first Regiment. En- listed August 23d, 186t1. Cutting, George E.—Company F, Fourth Heavy Artillery. Died December 26th, 1864. Cutting, Jacob P— Company G, Eighteenth Regiment. En- listed August 24th, 1861. Cutting, Joseph B— Company B, Eighteenth Regiment ; Company C, Thirty-second Regiment. Enlisted Feb- ruary oth, 1864; transferred October 26th, 1864. Damon, Isaac— Sergeant, Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Davenport, Allen — Company E. Twenty-first Regiment. En- listed August 15th, 1861. Davenport, Elisha G.— Company G, Fifty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted March toth, 1864. Killed in the Wilderness, Va., May 6th, 1864. Davis, Edward J.— Corporal, Company G, Forty-ninth Regi- ment. Enlisted September 20th, 1862. Davis, Francis E.— Company B, Third Battalion. Enlisted April 19th, 1861. Davis, George D.— Sergeant, Company G, Thirty-sixth Regi- ment. Enlisted August 20th, 1862. Defose, Charles L_— Company D, Fifteenth Regiment; Or- derly-Sergeant, Company C, Fifty-seventh Regiment ; Lieutenant, Company B, Fifty-seventh Regiment. En- listed July 12th, 1861; re-enlisted February 6th, 1864; re-enlisted June 12th, 1865. Denny, Austin — Company H, Twenty-eighth Regiment. En- listed December 30th, 1861. 178 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Fales, Henry M.— Company B, Third Battalion; Company B, Fifty-first Regiment; Corporal, Company G, Fifty- seventh Regiment. Enlisted April 19th, 1861; re- enlisted September 39th, 1862 ; re-enlisted March 1oth, 1864. Killed in the Wilderness, Va., May 6th, 1864. Farrar, Charles E.— Corporal, Company A, Thirty-sixth Regi- ment. Enlisted August 2d, 1862. Fearing, John— Company B, Third Battalion; Company G, Twenty-first Regiment. Enlisted April 19th, 1861 ; re-enlisted August 23d, 1861. Died of wounds at Cold Harbor, Va., August 3d, 1864. Ford, Charles H.— Company K, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted August 8th, 1864. Fuller, Fred L.—Company B, Twenty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted September 24th, 1861. Gammell, Andrew—Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment ; Company A, Twenty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted De- cember 16th, 1863; transferred June 14th, 1865. Gibbs, Charles— Company C, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed September 14th, 1861. Died at Annapolis, Md., September 13th, 1864. Gill, Franklin— Company F, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed July 24th, 1862. Gleason, Daniel H. L.— Captain, Brevet Major, Company G, First Cavalry. Enlisted September 25th, 1861. Gleason, Dexter F.— Company H, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 23d, 1861. Gleason, Joseph H.— Captain, Company B, Third Battalion. Enlisted April 19th, 1861. Goodnow, James W.—Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted February 22d, 1864. Died in prison, septa ber 25th, 1864. Haley, James W.— Company D, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed September 27th, 1861. Died at Holden, Febru- ary 22d, 1864. . Hall, Mortimer T.—Company E, Twenty-first Regiment. Enlisted August 15th, 1861. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 179 Hall, Theron E.— Lieutenant and Adjutant, Twenty-first Regiment, Colonel and Chief Quartermaster, Ninth Corps. Enlisted September 18th, 1861. Handley, John —Company H, Fifty-seventh Regiment. En- listed January 11th, 1864. Killed in the Wilderness, May 6th, 1864. Handy, Edward—Company I, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted August roth, 1864. Handy, George W.—Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted July 31st, 1862. Handy, William H.— Company B, Fifty-first Regiment, En- listed September 30th, 1862. Henry, Albert — Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment ; Com- pany A, Twenty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted September 19th, 1863; transferred June 14th, 1865. Henry, Edward C.— Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted July 29th, 1862. Hill, Charles R.— Company B, Third Battalion; Corporal, Company D, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April 1gth, 1861; re-enlisted January 19th, 1864. Holden, Gustavus S.—Company C, Fifty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted February 12th, 1864. Holt, Henry M.—Company B, Filty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Died at Holden, November 24th, 1862. Hosmer, Dennis — Company E, Twenty-first Regiment. En- listed July 19th, 1861. Houghton, John R.—Company G, Thirty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted July 31st, 1862. Died at Fort Lyon, Va, December rith, 1862. Howe, Amasa A.—Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted July 29th, 1862. Died in prison at Florence, S. C, November 25th, 1864. Howe, Hiram— Company B, Third Battalion; Company G, Thirty first Regiment. Enlisted April 19th, 1861; re- enlisted December 2oth, 1861. 180 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Hubbard, Calvin—Company G, Thirty-sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 17th, 1862. Died in Libby Prison, Richmond, Va, February 26th, 1863. Hubbard, John F —Company B, Third Battalion; Sergeant, Company B, lifty-first Regiment. Enlisted April 19th, 1861; re-eniisted September 30th, 1862. Hubbard, Lyman A.—Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Hubbard, Martin—Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. En- listed September 30th, 1862. Hubbard, Myron E.— Company E, Twenty-first Regiment. Enlisted August 15th, 1861. Hubbard, Stephen N.— Wagoner, Company G, Thirty-sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 12th, 1862. Humphrey, Henry H.—Company C, Thirty-sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 27th, 1862. Johnson, George T.—Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted January 5th, 1862. Died in hospital, Phila- delphia, Pa., January 4th, 1865. Kelton, Ira J.— Sergeant, Company B, Third Battalion; Cap- tain, Company C, Twenty-first Regiment. Enlisted April 19th, 1861; re-enlisted October 3d, 1861. Fell. mortally wounded at Chantilly, Va, September ist, 1862; died at Georgetown, D. C., September roth, 1862. Kennan, Myron J.— Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. En- listed September 30th, 1862. Kennan, Silas F.— Company H, Thirty-first Regiment. En- listed November 1oth, 1861. . Keyes, Lyman E.-—Company C, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 13th, 1861. Killed June 3d, 1864. Knowlton, Charles H.— Company A, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 14th, 1861. Knowlton, Franklin A.—Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Eniisted September 30th, 1862. Knox, Henry F.— Company A, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed September 16th, 1861. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 181 Knox, Walter D.—Company A, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 16th, 1861. Ladd, Henry C.— Company B, Third Battalion; Company —, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted April tgth, 1861; re- enlisted — Levally, Godfrey —Company FE, ‘Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted October 12th, 1861. Lincoln, Albert A.— Corporal, Company Bb, Fifty-first Regi- ment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Logan, John M.— Company C, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed April 7th, 1862. Lovell, Lewis—Company K, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted August gth, 1864. Lowell, Heury H.—Company F, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted July 15th, 1864. Died at Alexandria, Va., October 5th, 1864. Lowell, William J.— Company H, Twenty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted August 15th, 1862. ' Lumazette, Francis — Company B, Third Battalion; Company G, Twenty-first Regiment; Company K, Thirty-sixth Regiment; Company B, Fifty-sixth Regiment. En- listed April 19th, 1861; re-enlisted August 15th, 1861; re-enlisted January Ist, 1864. Died of wounds Au- gust 13th, 1864. McDonald, John A.—Captain, Company H, Twenty-eighth Regiment. Lnlisted October 8th, 1861, transferred July 26th, 1863, to Veteran Reserve Corps. McGrath, James, Jr.— Company B, Fifty-first Regiment ; Com- pany F, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862; re-enlisted July 15th, 1864. Martin, Joseph—— Company G, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En. listed October 6th, 1861. May, John E.—Company B, Fifty-seventh Regiment. En- : listed January 4th, 1864. Mayo, John S.—Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment, En- listed September 21st, 1861, 182 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Merrifield, Frank H.—Company D, Fifteenth Regiment Company G, Twentieth Regiment. Enlisted March sth, 1862, transferred July 27th, 1864. Moore, Charles S— Company B, Third Battalion; Company H, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April roth, 1861 ; re-enlisted October 18th, 1861. Moore, Franklin—Company A, First Provisional Guards. Enlisted July 13th, 1863. Moore, Harlan P.— Sergeant, Company K, Thirty-sixth Regi- ment. Enlisted July 28th, 1862. Died at Camp Nel- son, Ky., March tst, 1864. Moses, Samuel A.— Company Bb, Third Battalion. Enlisted April roth, 1861. Murphy, Michael— Nineteenth Regiment, unassigned. En- listed July 31st, 1863. Newell, George W.— Company D, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April 7th, 1862. Died of wounds at Fort Schuyler, New York Harbor, July 24th, 1864. Newell, Hiram P.— Sergeant, Company B, Third Battalion. Enlisted April roth, 1861. Newell, Phineas R.— Lieutenant, Company B, Third Battalion ; Lieutenant, Company F, Forty-second Regiment. En- listed April 11th, 1861; re-enlisted July 15th, 1864. Nichols, William H.— Musician, Twenty-first Regiment. Enlisted August 23d, 1861. : O'Brien, William — Bugier, Company K, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted August 8th, 1864. Paddock, Charles F.— Company B, Fifty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted January 4th, 1864. Paine, Seth H.—Comyany G, Twenty-first Regiment. En. listed August 13th, 1861. Panton, Maxie — Company B, Third Battalion; Company F, Twenty-first Regiment. Enlisted April roth, 1861; re-enlisted August 15th, 1861. Parker, Edward — Company D, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed September 27th, 1862; re-enlisted February, 1864. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 183 Parker, Edwin S—Company A, Ninth Regiment; Company A, Thirty-second Regiment. Enlisted July 13th, 1863 ; transferred June oth, 1864. Parker, William — Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Parmenter, Rodney A.—Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Paul, Charles—Company A, Fifty-seventh Regiment. En- listed January 4th, 1864; transferred to Veteran Re- serve Corps. Perry, Cyrus M.— Chaplain, Twenty-fourth New York Cavalry. Enlisted April 3d, 1865. Perry, William C.— Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment. En- listed July 29th, 1862. Died at Fort Lyon, Alexandria, Va., October 21st, 1862. Pierce, Oliver— Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Piper, Alfred —Company B, Third Battalion; Company E, Twenty-afth Regiment. Enlsted April toth, 1861 ; re-enlisted September roth, 1861. Pratt, Edwin F.— Company RB, Third Battalion; Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April roth, 1861 ; re-enlisted September 17th, 1861. Preston, Samuel— Company B, Third Battalion ; Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April 19th, 1861 ; re-enlisted September 17th, 1861. Putnam, Willard R.— Company A, First Cavalry. Enlisted January 5th, 1864. Riley, Michael — Company G, Twenty fifth Regiment. Enlisted March 5th, 1864. Killed at Drury’s Bluff, May 16th, 1864. Rivers, Edward —. Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment ;-Com- pany A, Twenty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted December 15th, 1863 ; transferred June 14th, 1865. Rivers, Peter — Company I, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted August gth, 1864. 154 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Robinson, Albert B.— Surgeon, Tenth Regiment ; Surgeon, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted August oth, 1862. re-enlisted July 15th, 1864. Robinson, Thomas— Company G, Twenty-first Regiment ; Company K, Thirty-sixth Regiment ; Company E, Fifty- sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 23d, 1861; re-en- listed, January rst, 1864. Rogers, Emory— Corporal, Company B, Third Battalion ; Lieutenant, Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. En- listed April roth, 1861; re-enlisted September 30th, 1862. Rogers, Winslow B.— Musician, Company G, Thirty-sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 12th, 1862. Died at Vicksburg, Miss., July 25th, 1863. Santon, Oliver— Company E, Twenty-first Regiment. En- listed August 15th, 1861. Savage, George E.— Musician, Company B, Fifty-first Regi- ment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Savage, John B.-—Company B, Third Battalion; Campany A, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April rgth, 1861 ; re enlisted September 12th, 1861. Died in prison at Belle Isle, Va., March Ist, 1864. Sargent, Ephraim H.— Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment ; Company A, Twenty-fourth Regiment. Enlisted De- cember 14th, 1863; transferred June 14th, 1865. Sawyer, Alphonso B.— Company B, Third Battalion. Enlisted April 19th, 1861. Seaver, George H.— Company C, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted January 11th, 1865, Seaver, Roswell R—Company A, Fifty-seventh Regiment ; Company C, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted January 4th, 1864; re-enlisted January 11th, 1865. Short, John — Company E, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted October 12th, 1861. Smith, Artemas C.— Company —, First Battalion; Sergeant, Company G, Second Cavalry. Enlisted ; re-en- listed MILITARY AFFAIRS. 185 Smith, David — Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Smith, George A.— Company B, Third Battalion. Enlisted April 19th, 1861. Smith, Herbert J.— Company B, Third Battalion. Enlisted April 1oth, 1861. Smith, Thoret — Company G, Thirty-sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 4th, 1862. . Stearns, Ezra J.— Company C, Thirty-fourth Regiment. En- listed December 7th, 1863. Steele, Charles H.— Company F, Second Regiment. Enlisted. May 25th, 1861. Steele, George W.— Company K, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted August 8th, 1864. Thurston, George T.— Company B, Fifty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted January r4th, 1864. Died of wounds at Washington, D.C., June 3d, 1864. Thurston, Lyman F.— Company G, Twenty-first Regiment ; Company K, Thirty-sixth Regiment; Company B, Fifty-sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 23d, 1861; re-enlisted January Ist, 1864. Truesdell, Horace L.— Company B, Fifty-first Regiment; Company I, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted September 30th, 1862 ; re-enlisted August gth, 1864. Died of wounds, April 15th, 1865. Truesdell Lucius — —— New York Cavairy. Enlisted February 12th, 1862. Tucker, Alfred S— Company A, Thirty-sixth Regiment. En- listed August 6th, 1862. Died at Salisbury, N. C., February .6th, 1865. Turner, George H,— Company F, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted July 15th, 1864. Williams, Count DeLeon — Company F, Twenty-second Regi- ment. Enlisted August roth, 1861. Winn, Cyrus D.—Company. B, Fifty-first Regiment. En- ~ listed September 30th, 1862. 186 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Winn, James W.—Company B, Fifty-first Regiment ; Com. pany F, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862; re-enlisted July 14th, 1864. Wright, Frank — Sergeant, Company A, Twenty-fifth Regi- ment. Enlisted January roth, 1864. A list is given in the Report of the Selectmen for 1864,' of those who had enlisted between October, 1863, and February, 1864. Most of the names appear in the above list, but of the following it has not been possible, after diligent inquiry, to learn anything beyond the fact stated above: Charles Badew, Franklin H. Tolman, Latham Burt, John W. Winch. Robert Clark, The following is a list of such residents of Holden, before or since the war, as are known to have served in putting down the Rebellion : Aldrich, Frank A.— Company H, First Rhode Island Light Artillery. Allen, Dwight D.—Sergeant, Company H, Fifty-seventh Regi- ment. Enlisted June rith, 1864. Killed July 3oth, 1864, at Petersburg, Va. Allen, James H.—Company E, First Vermont. Enlisted May 2d, 1861. Armington, Alonzo C.—Company C, Third Vermont. Killed at the battle of Savage Station, June 29th, 1862. Armington, Henry C.— Company K, Ninth Maine. Killed before Petersburg, July 30th, 1864. Ball, Oscar C.— Sergeant, Company F, First Missouri Engi- neers. Enlisted September 23d, 1861. Bates, Ira D.— Principal Musician, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 12th, 1861. . ‘«To make known to all the patriotism of our citizens in answering the demands of our government, we give the names of those who have volun- teered and entered the service of our country since October last.” Selectmen of Holden in their report for the year ending February 22d, 1864. MILITARY AFFAIRS. 187 Bennett, Austin C.— Company F, Fourth Regiment Heavy Artillery. Enlisted August gth, 1864. Berry, Joseph — Company B, First Regiment Heavy Artillery, Enlisted December 15th, 1863, Betterley, Edward S.— Company A, Fifteenth Regiment; Twentieth Regiment. Enlisted August 2d, 1861; transferred July 27th, 1864. Bixby, Jacob W.— Company C, Twenty-sixth Regiment. En- listed August 12th, 1862. Bracewell, Joseph— Company B, Twenty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted August 28th, 1862. Chaffee, G. Edwin — Company I, Fifty-third Regiment ; Com- pany E, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted September 6th, 1862; re enlisted July 22d, 1864. Chaffin, Harry W.-— Company K, Ninth Regiment, United States Volunteers. Chaffin, Willard — First Battery, Light Artillery ; Ninth Bat- tery, Light Artillery. Enlisted August 28th, 1861 ; re- enlisted December 24th, 1865 ; transferred March 12th, 1865. Clark, Simeon C.— Acting Third Assistant Engineer, United States Navy, on S. S. Vixen. Enlisted November 2oth, 1862. Clark, Thaddeus S.—Tenth unattached Company, Heavy Ar- tillery ; transferred to United States Navy, serving on S. S. Princeton and Monitor Tunxis. ‘Enlisted August 5th, 1863. Cole, Stephen T.— Company B, Twelfth Regiment ; Company E, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted May 15th, 1861 ; re-en- listed January 4th, 1864. Comstock, Albert M.— Musician, Company B, Seventy-second New York. Enlisted May 28th, 1861. Cooley, Marius S.— Company G, Second Regiment. Enlisted August 14th, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. : Creed, Isaac — Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted April 7th, 1862. 188 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Davis, Alden G.— Company B, Twenty-third New York. En- listed June ist, 1863. Dean, Paul I— Company D, Fourth Regiment Heavy Artil lery. Enlisted August 17th, 1864. Dockham, Daniel— Company G, Twelfth New Hampshire. Enlisted March 29th, 1864. Dunker, George. Durdeen, Smith— Company F, Fifth Regiment. Enlisted May 28th, 1864. Gardner, Andrew J.— Company C, Fourth Rhode Island. En- listed September gth, 1861. Geer, Roman J.— Corporal, Company K, Seventh Connecticut. Enlisted September 12th, 1861. Graham, George S.— Company D, Fifty-third Regiment. En- listed September 2d, 1862. Harrington, Dennis —Company E, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted June 3d, 1862. Hill, William — Corporal, Company A, Second Vermont.’ Enlisted July — 1863. Howe, Church — Sergeant, Company G, Sixth Regiment ; Cap- tain, Company K, Fifteenth Regiment; brevetted Major ; Senior Aide-de-Camp to Major-General Sedgwick. En- listed April 16th, 1861. Jordan, William A.— Company C, Eighty-eighth Illinois. En- listed August loth, 1862. Kendall, Herbert I. Kilburn, William W.— Lieutenant. Killed at the battle of Williamsburg. Ladd, George H.— Corporal, Company F, Forty-second Regi- ment. Enlisted July 11th, 1864. Lamb, Edward P.—Company B, Third Battalion ; Corporal, Company F, Eighteenth Wisconsin. Enlisted April Igth, 1861; re-enlisted February sth, 1862. Lane, Benjamin H.— Company H, One Hundred and Forty- ninth Pennsylvania. Enlisted August 26th, 1862, MILITARY AFFAIRS. 189 Leslie, Charles H.— Company C, Thirty-fifth Regiment ; Cor- poral, Company C, Twenty-ninth Regiment. Enlisted August 11th, 1864; transferred June gth, 1865. Loring, Silas H.— Company A, Fifty-first Regiment. En- listed September 3d, 1862. McCabe, John M.— Company B, Second Regiment. Enlisted May 11th, 1861. McCarty, Edward. Mellsop, James—Company D, Fifty-first Regiment. En- listed September 30th, 1862. Merriam, Horace— Company C, Twenty-fifth Regiment. En- listed October roth, 1861. Moore, Marcus— Company F, Fifty-first Regiment. Enlisted October 14th, 1862. Moore, Thomas— Company I, Tenth Rhode Island. Enlisted May 26th, 1862. Moran, Thomas— Company D, Thirty-fourth Regiment. En- listed 1865. Morse, Horace B.— Corporal, Company I, Thirty-ninth Regi- ment. Enlisted August 4th, 1862. Murphy, James— Company K, Third United States Infantry. Enlisted July 2d, 1861. Nado, Michael— New York Cavalry. Enlisted February 12th, 1862. Newton, Nahum. Paddock, John D.' Padelford, John W.— Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 16th, 1861. Parker, Warren C.—Company D, Fifty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted January 4th, 1864. Parmenter, Cyrus T.—Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 16th, 1861. Parmenter, Henry H.—Company G, Eighteenth Regiment. Enlisted October 3d, 1861 ; died in hospital at Sharps- burg, Va., November 4th, 1862, from wounds received at the battle of Antietam. 1 Served in a South Carolina Regiment. 190 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Parmenter, Joshua R.— Company K, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 16th, 1861. Parmenter, William A.— Company E, Fifty-second Regiment. Enlisted October rith, 1862. Partridge, Daniel W.— Company G, Thirty-sixth Regiment. Enlisted August 7th, 1862. Peacock, James— Company D, Fifteenth Regiment; Lieuten- ant, Company D, Fifty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted July 12th, 1861; re-enlisted April oth, 1864. Putman, Austin— Company A, Thirty-fourth Regiment. En- listed July 22d, 1862. Rood, James T.— Assistant Surgeon, Twenty-eighth Regiment. Enlisted August 11th, 1862. Sault, Julius— Company A, First Vermont Cavalry. Enlisted December 5th, 1861. Sawyer, John G.— Company —, First Regiment Heavy Artil- lery. Enlisted August 14th, 1862. Schofield, John E— Company D, Fifty-first Regimnent. En- listed October 14th, 1862. Skiff, Austin E.— Sergeant, Company F, Fifty-seventh Illi- nois. Enlisted October 17th, 1861. Spaulding, J. Calvin — Sergeant, Company F, Twenty-fifth Regiment. Enlisted September 16th, 1861. Streeter, Edwin H.— Corporal, Company I, Ninth New Hamp- shire. Enlisted August 4th, 1862. Strong, Luther W.— Company C, Fifty-first Regiment; Ser- geant, Company D, Fourth Regiment Heavy Artillery. Enlisted August 20th, 1862; re-enlisted August 25th, 1864. Thompson, William — Seventy-ninth New York. Enlisted March Ist, 1865. Truchon, Charles L.— Sergeant, Company E, Forty-second Regiment. Enlisted September 30th, 1862. Turner, Charles F.— Company F, Thirty-seventh Regiment. Enlisted: August Ist, 1862. Tuttle, Fred H. MILITARY AFFAIRS. IQl Verry, Herbert W.— Company A, Twenty-third Regiment. Enlisted January 3d, 1864. Whitney, Jonas L.—Company A, Twenty-third Regiment. Enlisted September 2oth, 1861. Whittemore, Hezekiah P.— Corporal, Company E, Fourth Cavalry. Enlisted January sth, 1864. Woodbury, Robert — Company B, Frontier Cavalry. Enlisted December 31st, 1864. A post of the GRanD ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC was organized in January, 1869, with seven charter members, which has been designated as Theron E. Hall Post, No. 77. Seventy-three comrades have in all been mustered into the ranks of this Post. It has disbursed considerable sums in aid to needy members, and has performed a public service of still greater value as an object lesson of patriotic purpose and service. Its members have thus not only perpetuated loyal memories, but have also inspired loyal devotion to the flag and the country. The Commanders of the Post have been: Samuel W. Arm- ington, January to July, 1869; Emory Rogers, July to Decem- ber, 1869; Phineas R. Newell, 1870; John G. Schofield, 1871 ; Isaac Damon, 1872; Alfred Chaffin, 1873-4; Joseph H. Glea- son, 1875-6; Hiram P. Newell, 1877-9; Joseph H. Gleason, 1880-1; Isaac Damon, 1882-3; George S. Graham, 1884-7 ; Thaddeus S. Clark, 1888-90; Gustavus Holden, 1891-2. Memorial Day has been regularly observed by the Post, usu- ally with public exercises in which the public generally have joined. For some years past an appropriation has been made from the town treasury to aid in defraying the expenses of the celebration. Addresses have been given on these occasions as follows: 1869, Major Theron E. Hall; 1871, Colonel Joseph A. Titus, of Worcester; 1872, Rev. A. J. Rich, of North Brookfield ; 1873, Mr. Frank M. Sprague, of Worcester ; 1876, Samuel C. Damon, D. D.; 1877, Rev. Henry M. Rogers ; 1878, Rev. Amos B. Kendig, of Worcester; 1879, Rev. Joseph F. Lovering, of Worcester; 1880, Rev. Isaac S. Hamblin ; 1881, Mr. Alonzo K. Learned; 1882, Hon. Theodore C. Bates, y 192 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. of North Brookfield; 1883, Mr. William C. Whiting; 1884, Captain Alonzo A. White, of Worcester; 1885, Hon. Carleton C. Coffin, of Boston; 1886, Rev. Sullivan L. Holman, of Provi- dence; 1887, William A. Gile, Esq., of Worcester; 1888, Rev. David F. Estes; 1889, Rev. Melvin J. Allen; 1890, Rev. Charles H. Pendleton, of Worcester; 1891, General Augustus B. R. Sprague, of Worcester; 1892, Rev. Benjamin H. Lane. CHAPTER XI. FACILITIES OF COMMUNICATION, + Roaps. — TurNpIKE. — Horers. — Rartroaps. — TELEGRAPH AND TELEPHONE. — POST-OFFICES AND POSTMASTERS. KG|LONG with schools, roads have always demanded and f| received constant attention and liberal provision from the Town of Holden. The four public high. ways, which were ordered by the Proprietors, have been almost yearly increased, both in number and extent, until the entire town is veined with a network of roads, which, on the whole, very well accommodate the people of the town, and as a rule, are kept in excellent condition. The yearly cost of the maintenance of highways is at present fully two thousand dollars, which is expended under the control of a board of three Highway Commissioners. The highway tax was allowed to be worked out till 1861; since then it has been payable in money. The Sixth Incorporated Turnpike of Massachusetts formerly traversed the town, passing through the Center. The charter for this road was granted June 2Ist, 1799, and was relinquished August 11th, 1828. It extended from Shrewsbury to Amherst, being forty-three miles, one hundred and twelve rods in length, was constructed in a single summer, and cost about thirty thousand dollars. The old toll-house used to stand a little west of the Center, near where the house of Deacon George S. God- dard now stands. In the olden time the route through Holden was a great thoroughfare of travel to and from Boston, for northwestern Massachusetts and the neigboring districts of 194 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. New Hampshire and Vermont. If the tavern books of Land. lord Paul Davis and the Abbotts had not, unfortunately, been destroyed, they could tell a story that would surprise many to- day as to the extent of the traffic which then passed through our borders, and the distance which some of the tavern guests must travel to reach their homes again. The first house of public entertainment in town was kept by John Child, near the Bullard place. For forty years, during the latter part of the last century and the earlier part of the pres- ent century, “ Landlord Paul Davis” kept tavern in a building long since removed, on the summit of the hill overlooking Eagleville. The most tamous hostelry in Holden was, how- ever, “the old Abbott Tavern.” This famous building was erected in 1763, and was occupied as a Tavern more than a hundred years. The house was kept by Abbotts of three successive generations, and was all this time in the hands of the family, except for two years, when it was leased to Samuel Davis. It has been said, “It is no exaggeration to state that Abbott’s Hotel was known from the Pacific to the At- lantic Ocean.” The house was first kept by John Abbott, from whom it passed to his son, Captain Lemuel Abbott. His son, Major Chenery Abbott, in turn succeeded him in the management of the hotel. Though a score of years have passed since the aged landlord closed his doors on the last departing guest, there are still many who remember the pecu- liar flavor of the beer which he brewed, and the rare quality of the flip which he prepared in a way of his own, and many others still kindly remember the abounding humor of Holden’s last great landlord. In 1875, Amasa Howe opened as a hotel, under the name of the Central House, the large brick dwelling at the corner of the common, built by Lemuel Davis. He was succeeded in the managment by Lewis F. Hubbard, John M. Welch, Charles W. Foote and others, and, finally, by James C. Allen, who now occupies the building as a private residence. A hotel was opened many years ago at Eagleville by John P. Maynard. Among others, Ethan Davis and Peter S. Winn FACILITIES OF COMMUNICATION. 195 managed it at different times, but it has not been found possi- ble to secure anything like a correct list of the proprietors in former years. For some time previous to 1865 it was con- trolled by Dustin Hall. In that year he sold to Edward F. Witt. The real estate has since been owned in turn by Martin V. B. Jefferson, Edward F. Merrick and Lyman G. Petts. The hotel has at different times been in charge ot George Wright, Myron Kennan, Elijah Kennan, Sparrow Crosby, Alfred J. Kirby, Calvin Underwood, A. A. Whitney, W. Muzzey and Lyman G. Petts, the latter at four several times. When purchased by Mr. Petts the name was changed from the “ Brick City Hotel” to the “Eagleville Hotel.” To Colonel Jarvis Abbott, Holden is under great and pe- culiar obligations. In his old age tree-planting became almost a mania with him, and to this fact we owe the well- grown shade trees which now adorn both the common and the old cemetery, and much more of the foliage which so beauti- fully embowers the village. It were indeed by no means to be regretted, if the sound sense of all our citizens tended as much to village improvement and the general advantage, as did the failing powers of Colonel Abbott. Sidewalks had been provided by individuals opposite their respective premises, as authorized by vote of the town in 1849, but there was no public expenditure for the purpose, or con- certed effort looking to extension or improvement of sidewalks, until 1890. In November, 1889, the Holden Village Improve- ment Society was organized by: a few public-spirited citizens at the Center. Similar societies were soon organized at Jef- ferson and Quinapoxet. The following spring and summer, fairs were held in each village, which resulted in the raising of a large amount of money, which was expended at the Center and Jefferson for sidewalks, and at Quinapoxet for street lights. These societies sti]l maintain their organization, and continue their work of carrying forward and indirectly stimulating vil- lage improvement. In three years several thousand dollars have been raised or secured by these societies, and expended 196 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. for improvements ; many hundred rods of concrete walks have been laid, besides a large amount of gravel walks ; hundreds of shade trees have been set out, and, what is of still greater im- portance, increased painstaking and taste in the care of build- ings and grounds has been extensively developed throughout the town. The burden assumed by the town of Holden to secure the construction of the Boston, Barre and Gardner Railroad has been discussed in the story of the last half century. This railroad runs in a northwesterly direction for about seven miles within the limits of the town. There are five stations in Holden — Chaf- fins, Dawsons, Holden, Jefferson and North Woods. The first two and the last are flag stations ; at the others all trains stop. The present agent and operator at Jefferson, George Henry Stearns, has been connected with the road and the station since its opening, September 4th, 1871. Though the railroad has by no means fulfilled all the hopes of its promoters, it has been of great importance and value to the town. For years before its construction there had been little growth to the town. Build- ing at once began, especially at the Center, and property ap- preciated largely in value. The temporary withdrawal of the early train perceptibly checked this rapidly rising tide of pros- perity, and development has since been gradual and only indi- rectly to be attributed to the railroad, without which, however, the measure of prosperity which has been enjoyed would have been out of the question. The Massachusetts Central Railroad, running from Boston to Northampton, crosses the town from east to west. For the whole distance there is a sharp grade, with many curves and bridges. This railroad has two stations in town —Quinapoxet and Jefferson. The latter was for a long time the terminus of the road, it not having been opened for traffic beyond until 1887. About one hundred. rods from the Jefferson station on each road, the Massachusetts Central passes above the Fitch- burg. At one time there was a Y, so that cars could be trans- ferred from one railroad to the other. This, however, has FACILITIES OF COMMUNICATION. 197 since been removed. The Massachusetts Central was com- pleted as far as the junction with the Boston, Barre and Gard- ner Railroad, December Ist, 1881. May 16th, 1883, trains ceased torun. In 1886, traffic was resumed, and the road was soon opened through to Northampton. Lines of telegraph follow both roads, the line along the Bos- ton and Maine being used only for operating purposes. There are public offices of the Western Union Telegraph Company in connection with the stations at Jefferson and Holden. Lines of telephone from Worcester to Princeton and Rutland pass through the town, with instruments in a number of offices. A line of long-distance telephone from Boston, west, also follows the road-bed of the Massachusetts Central, but no office has been established in the town. For many years after the settlement of Holden, there was no post-office within the borders of the town. In the Massa- chusetts Spy, during the early years of the present century, may be found advertisements of letters for Rev. Mr. Avery and other residents of Holden, which were lying in the post- offices at Worcester and Leicester. Late in the winter of 1815 a post-office was established at Holden. A list of the succes- sive postmasters, with the date of their respective appoint- ments, follows: Benjamin Davis, February 21st, 1815; Mer- rill Davis, April 3d, 1819; Lemuel Davis, March 2oth, 1826; Merrill Davis, January 28th, 1828; Dennis Davis, March 29th, 1832; Charles Chaffin, May 2oth, 1835; Avery Davis, June 2d, 1849; Caleb Kendall, Jr, December oth, 1852; Charles Chaffin, August 5th, 1853; Ethan Davis, June 29th, 1861; Samuel W. Armington, September 27th, 1866; Patrick A. McLaughlin, October 26th, 1885; Mary F. McLaughlin, September 30th, 1887; Samuel W. Arming- ton, May 14th, 18809. The next post-office was established at Jefferson. The name was Jeffersonville until 1891. The fifst postmaster was M..V. B. Jefferson, who was succeeded, in 1886, by William J. Prendergast, and he in turn, in 1889, by Edward W. Merrick. 198 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Till the appointment of the last named, the office was kept at the railroad station by G. Henry Stearns, assistant postmas- ter. A post-office was also established in February, 1882, at Quinapoxet, with Cyrus G. Woods as postmaster. The name ot the office -was Woodville for a time, being later changed to Quinapoxet. CHAPTER XII. BUSINESS AND MANUFACTURES. Stores. — Brick-MAKING. — MILts. — ‘TANNERIES. — MANUvu- FACTORIES. IKE the beginnings of much else in town, it is be- lieved that the first store in town was kept near the Bullard place. The sign continued to offer “West India Goods” for sale within the memory of many now living. Among others, Lieutenant John Reed kept store before his removal to West Boylston. In 1780, Samuel Damon came to Holden and engaged in mercantile business at the old Damon stand, which he carried on till his death in 1815. His son, Colonel Samuel Damon, was associated with him as a partner after 1810. Hecontrolled the business almost all the time until his death in 1851, a part of the time having partners associated with himself. Some of the individuals or firms doing business at the Damon stand at different times were Damon & Bartlett, Boyden & Goodell, Damon & Knowlton, Knowlton & Allen, Charles L. Knowlton and Augustus F. Damon. The latter sold, in 1857, to Joseph H. Gleason, who gave way a year later to Paul Wadsworth & Son. Joseph H. Gleason and William H. Drury, in company, bought out the Wadsworths in February, 1865; sold to Charles F. Parker in February, 1867, and bought from him again Jan- uary 1st, 1889. Mr. Drury took the business alone April rst, 1871, and sold in 1868 to William H. Walker. In 1878, the business passed into the hands of Edwin H. Streeter, who was succeeded in turn by Albert A. Cobbett. He sold in 1890 to the Holden Store Company, who still carry on the business. 200 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. A little building, at first standing nearly in front of where the Baptist Church now stands, and later removed to the lot now occupied by the residence of Charles Flagg, was used for years by Lemuel and Merrill Davis as a post-office and for the sale of a few goods. About 1840 the building now occu- pied by Fred H. Fales as a store was erected by Ethan Davis, Sr. It was soon occupied by Boyden, Goodell & Davis as a boot and shoe manufactory, a few goods of their own make being sold on the premises at retail. In 1844 Avery Davis put in a stock of goods, doing the business of a general store for eight years. In 1852 he sold to Nichols & Bryant, who dis- solved partnership after two years, Willis Bryant carrying on the business alone for two years longer, when he sold to Joseph H. Gleason. After the latter removed to the Damon stand, this building stood empty for some time, being fora while used as an armory. In 1865 a stock of goods was put in by Alfred Morse, with Samuel W. Armington in charge, who took the business in 1868, and carried it on till 1877. Fred H. Fales then succeeded him, and has carried on the business till the present time. In the fall of 1889, Samuel W. Armington put a stock of goods in the building adjoining the Fales store, and has since carried on mercantile business in connection with the post- office. When, in 1838, the store at the “ West Village” was offered for sale by Eunice A. White, guardian for minor heirs, it was stated that the property had been improved as a store for twenty years. It was !ater occupied by several members of the Davis family. In 1856, it was in the hands of Alfred Morse, and was managed for him by J. Henry Warren from 1856 to 1868, The business was then purchased by Edward W. Mer- rick, who carried it on for three years in company with his father, and then alone till 1882. James F. Putnam succeeded him, and carried on the store till his death in 1890, since which time it has been managed by his widow, Mrs. Sophia Putnam. J. W. Wheeler started a small grocery store at Eagleville, and ran it some years before 1884, when the business was bought BUSINESS AND MANUFACTURES. 201 by Stephen T. Cole, who kept it till 1888, at which time Mr. Wheeler took charge again, managing it himself till the spring of 1892, when he closed it. Mr. Cole started, in May, 1889, another store in the immediate neighborhood. In May, 1875, Gustavus S. Holden opened a general store in the building erected for the purpose by Howe & Jefferson. Five years later he associated with himself his brother, James A. Holden, and they took the firm name G. S. & J. A. Holden, which partnership still continues. In 1890 they left the Jef- ferson store, which was run for a time in the name of the Jef- ferson Manufacturing Company. The business passed into the hands of L. G. Petts & Co., October Ist, 1891. The store at Quinapoxet was erected and is owned in con- nection with the factory in that village. It has been occupied successively by A. P. Sampson, Cuthbertson & Crawshaw, Ira D. Bates, Johnson Brothers, Courtney, Knapp, A. A. Cobbett, Feeley & Burns, and G, S. & J. A. Holden. The last named firm rented the store in 1887, and ran it for three years in con- nection with their business at Jefferson. In 1890 they centered all their interests at Quinapoxet. In Whitney's History of Worcester County, it is stated: «There is a brick yard two miles and a half northeast of the meeting house, where are made annually sixty thousands of bricks.”” The yard here referred to was in the part of the town soon after set off to West Boylston. Brick were manufactured in this yard for many years. It may also be noted that Josiah Ball, and later his son, Israel M. Ball, made brick to a limited extent on their place, the Ball farm, which has for some years, till 1892, been occupied by Lorenzo D, Newton. The water privilege at Bryantville, which had been used by Town Bartlett as a candle-wicking mill, and afterwards as a wood-working shop, was improved as at present by Lyman Bry- ant, who came to town in 1827. He was at first, for a short time, in partnership with James Cowden. The planing mill and cider mill are at present owned and run by Frederick L. Bryant. 202 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. The mills built by Asa and Ira Broad, later passed into the the hands of William Howe and Martin V. B. Jefferson, and from 1871 to 1877 were run by the firm of Howe, Jefferson & Austin. Waldo E. Austin, the junior partner, then bought out the interests of Messrs. Howe and Jefferson, and has continued the business to the present time. He uses the mills as a basis for his business as a contractor and builder, preparing builders’ finish, and also does mill work, especially repairs of fulling mills and dye vats. He also fills orders for custom work, and carries on a general lumber business. The first tannery in town was about half a mile west of the Center, at the foot of “Landlord Davis’” hill. The exact date of its construction is not known. Deeember 23d, 1789, the tannéry, together with seventeen acres of land, was sold by John .Watson to Heman Richardson. He was succeeded in the management by his son, Edward Richardson, from whom the tannery took the name by which it was often called. There was for many years a small tan yard on the Hall place in the south part of the town. In 1825 John P. Maynard built a tan- nery at Eagleville, across the road from the present site of the Holden Mills. In 1840 this tannery passed into the hands. of the brothers, Waterman G. and Samuel Warren, who car- ried on the business in partnership for ten years. Samuel Warren continued the business at Eagleville for about five years longer. W.G. Warren, in the spring of 1850, purchased the Richardson tannery, and carried on the tanning business there until 1882; till 1867 alone, for the last fifteen years in company with his son Samuel. In 1874, W. G. Warren, in partnership with his sons, Berthier and Henry W., under the firm name of B. & H. W. Warren & Co., erected the brick tan- nery at the Center, which furnishes facilities for turning out its specialty, card leather, that are unsurpassed, if indeed equalled, anywhere else in the state of Massachusetts. In 1881, Samuel Warren became a partner, and the firm name was changed to W. G. Warren & Sons. Since the.death of the father in 1886, the business has been continued by the surviv- ing partners under the style of W. G. Warren’s Sons. In BUSINESS AND MANUFACTURES. 203 1887 the two tanneries then in operation, with a capital of #3,500, employed four hands, and tanned one thousand and - eighty-five hides, the value of the leather being estimated at $5,300. The tannery of W. G. Warren’s Sons now employs sixteen hands, and there has been a corresponding increase in the number of hides tanned. ¥ The first manufacturing in Holden was done at Unionville. “ Messrs. Eleazer Rider & Sons commenced spinning Cotton Yarn at this place in 1809. These persons had been previ- ously engaged in the same business, at West Boylston. It is stated upon good authority, that they were among the first, (if not the first), manufactyirers of cotton yarn in Worcester Coun- ty. In 1810 the dpe of the Messrs. Rider contained 48 spindles. The same Year, the establishment was purchased by Mr. Joshua Bassett and Mr. Farnum White. An addition was then made of 56 spindles. Mr. John Rudman purchased of Bassett and White, in 1814. The factory was sold to Mr. John Slater, 1819. In the following year, repairs and alterations were commenced. In 1821, Mr. John Lees became the owner,, who continued to make repairs and additions during the three following years. Weaving by the power loom commenced 1822. In 1824, Mr. Lees sold nineteen bales of sheeting to Mr. Samuel Parkman, Jr., of Boston, who shipped the goods to Bata- via. It was reported at the time, to have been the first shipment of cotton goods from this country, which passed around Cape Good-Hope.”” Mr. Lees ran the mill more than twenty years, the firm name in 1841 being Lees & Eldridge. Later Jonathan M. Ladd leased the mill and run it anumber of years. The mill was last in the hands of Charles L. Truchon, who confined its operations to the spinning of cotton yarn. It was destroyed by fire, Au- gust 8th, 1882, When burned, it was a two story building, eighty by forty feet in size, with an ell twenty by sixty, was valued at $16,000, and gave employment to about twenty hands. ‘Damon History, pp. 145, 146. 204 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. It is an accredited tradition that the first water privilege ever occupied in town was at Chaffinville, where John Bigelow built a mill in 1726. Manufacturing was begun here in 1817 by Royal H. Chaffin. He at first made a specialty of dyeing wool and coloring yarns, in which he attained great excellence and a very wide reputation, the first prize having been awarded to him in a competition of much importance. Mr. Chaffin ran the mill for many years, and then sold out to his son, Alfred H. Chaffin. In his hands woolen goods suitable for prison uni- forms were principally made. In 1879 it was a one-set mill giving employment to nine hands. June 2oth, just after it had been refitted and leased to Peter Scanlon & Co., it was burned at an estimated loss of $7,000. About 1870, Alfred H. Chaffin put in an unusually fine grist-mill. This was later burned and rebuilt and was burned again in 1890. In 1825,a Mr. Morse built a factory at the village now known as Jefferson. It soon passed into the hands of John Jefferson. In 1841, it was a satinet factory, containing one hundred and eighty spindles and eight looms. The Damon History says': “ During the late ‘hard times’ the proprietor has devoted more attention to agriculture, than to the manufacture of satinet—at a ‘dead loss,’”” For many years, previous to 1830, Colonel Artemas Dryden was engaged in this village in the manufacture of machines for carding. Later he built a satihet factory, which, in 1841, contained three hundred spindles and eight looms. At that time it was owned by Samuel Damon. but was not running for the same reasons as Mr. Jefferson’s. In 1858, William Howe and Theron E. Hall formed a co-part- nership and under the style of Howe & Hall engaged in the manufacture of woolen goods at this place. In 1860, Martin V. B. Jefferson bought out Major Hall, and the business was con- tinued under the firm name of Howe & Jefferson until 1886. During the continuance of this partnership they so extended their business that, in 1886, instead of running one set of ma- chinery as in 1860, they were running twelve sets. When the ‘Damon History, p. 146. BUSINESS AND MANUFACTURES. 205 partnership terminated after twenty-six years, there were only two other manufacturing establishments in the state which had run so long under the same firm name without change on ac- count of death, failure or other circumstances. January Ist, 1886, Mr. Jefferson purchased the interest of Mr. Howe, and has since conducted the business under the style of the Jefferson Manufacturing Company. The plant in 1892 consisted of two mills (besides a shoddy mill, leased to William Day), an office building, six storehouses, a store and forty-six tenements. The upper mill contained seven sets of cards and forty-six looms, and was run by a Corliss engine of one hundred and twenty-five horse power. The lower mill con- tained seven sets of cards and eighty-four looms, and was run by a Wheelock engine of two hundred and fifty horse power, which was put in place in 1891. There were two hundred and sev- enty-five hands on the pay-roll. The upper mill was devoted to the manufacture of fancy cassimeres, and the output amounted to twenty-three thousand yards per month; the lower mill was devoted to satinets, of which one hundred thousand yards per month were marketed. December 8th, 1892, the Jefferson Manufacturing Company were heavy losers from fire. The flames first appeared about half-past eleven in the forenoon in the picker-room, a separate building near the lower mill, and the lower mill was soon burned to the ground. The upper mill also took fire, but was saved, though considerably damaged by smoke and water. The loss amounted to $150,000, which was more than half covered by insurance. The mill at North Woods, or Ruralville, was erected by B. T. Southgate of Blackstone for a woolen mill, but in 1827 it was changed to a cotton mill by William Buffum. It after- wards passed into the hands of Colonel Samuel Damon, who owned it in 1840, when it contained fourteen looms and one thousand four hundred spindles. Later, Wesley Howard made bagging there; then for a time, about 1850, cotton cloth was manufactured by J. W. Freeman, who was succeeded by A. P. Colvin. From 1858 to 1862, it was controlled by Wright & 206 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Morse, with William H. Walker as manager. In 1862, it was transferred to Walker & Wright. In 1868, it was taken by James H. Wright, who ran it till about 1874, when the mill be- came the property of the West Boylston Manufacturing Com- pany. They ran it for some years with Whipple Harris as agent, and in 1882 leased it to A. H. Turner & Co., who still run it. The mill contains three sets of cards and ten broad looms, and about seventy-five thousand yards of fancy cassi- meres are annually manufactured. About forty-five hands are employed. Deacon John Lovell, for many years previous to 1841, had run a machine for “custom carding,” and a small mill for the manufacture of cotton batting and wicking. In 1837, the mill contained six hundred spindles, twelve hands were employed, and ten thousand pounds of warp, eight thousand pounas of batting, and twelve thousand pounds of wicking, were manu- factured. On Sunday, May 24th, 1847, the mill and its contents were burned. At this time the mill was owned ' by David Parmenter, and the machinery was owned and operated by Holbrook & Wilder. After some years the mill was rebuilt, and in 1873 it was controlled by the Lovellville Manufacturing Company; in 1876, by Messen- ger & Wright of New York; in 1879, by the Lovell Woolen Company, under management of Klebert & Findeisen, and in 1886, it was purchased by Cyrus G. Wood, and is now combined with his mill at Quinapoxet, the whole being treated as one plant. The factory at Quinapoxet and the village connected with it, stand on six hundred acres of land, formerly a part of the “French Land,” which were bought by Damon & Thaxter in 1827.: In 1831, Samuel Damon, having purchased the interest of his partner, erected a mill for the manufacture of cotton sheeting. In 1841, this mill contained one thousand four hun- dred spindles and forty looms, manufacturing two hundred and fifty thousand yards of sheeting. Colonel Damon, with various partners, controlled the mill until his death in 1851. In 1856, it was sold to A. F. Smith of Grafton. From 1862, it was run BUSINESS AND MANUFACTURES. 207 for some years by Howe & Myers. It then passed into the hands of Stowell & Ward, who manufactured satinets. May 27th, 1871, their mill was burned with an estimated loss of thirty thousand dollars. It was at once rebuilt, was run for a time by Wood & Ward, and in 1876 was purchased by Cyrus G. ‘Wood. This mill, in connection with the Lovellville property, contains ten sets of cards, gives employment to one hundred and seventy-five hands, and produces one hundred and twenty thousand yards of satinet per month. The Moss Brook Mill, at the village known as Dawsonville, formerly called Delaneyville, has been run since 1873 by Charles Dawson. Prior to 1854 it was the property of Colonel Samuel Damon, and was put to various uses, having originally been a shingle mill. It was then disposed of to Benjamin Franklin, who manufactured forks of all kinds. In 1862 or 1863 the property was sold to Ashworth & Day. Mr. Day soon took it alone and manufactured shoddy for several years. The first shoddy made in town, was made here, “a company of Eng- lishmen with machinery imported from England” having been engaged in the business as early as 1857. March 14, 1866, it was sold to Kimball & Talbot; October 15th, 1867 to John O’Brien; December 19th, 1868, to Crompton & Dawson of Worcester, who were engaged in the mill supply business. December 20th, 1873, the partnership between Mr. Dawson and Mr Guild, who.had succeeded Mr. Crompton, was dis- solved, and Mr. Dawson, who had removed to Holden in July, 1870, devoted his whole time to Moss Brook Mill. He has since that time greatly improved both the mill and the village. The mill itself has been much enlarged, and is now run by an eighty horse power engine, and contains four sets of woolen machinery. Ten or twelve tenements, a dry house, a picker house, store-houses and other buildings have also been ad- ded. At first satinets and melton flannels were made, but for the last ten years the product has been fancy cheviots and cassimeres, of which about ten thousand yards a year are turned out. 208 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. In 1864 and 1865, a stone dam, eighty-five feet long, later extended to one hundred and fifteen feet, was built across the Quinapoxet river at the site of the Springdale mill. A two-set wooden mill was then erected, but was burned in 1875. A stone shoddy mill had been put up in 1874, and in 1876 the four-set stone mill now standing, was built by G. J. Smith, who ran it for a time, and afterward leased it to different parties. In July, 1892, after extensive repairs, it was started by its present owner, James Dorr, who is manufacturing satinets. The saw and grist mills at Eagleville were purchased in 1821 of Caleb Kendall by Samuel Clark, who erected a small fac- tory. This mill was burned in 1834, but in the following year it was rebuilt, and was later enlarged to its present dimensions. In 1840, it was owned by Le Baron Putnam, and was run under the style of The Eagleville Manufacturing Company. It had at this time sixteen hundred spindles, and the annual product amounted to two hundred and seventy-five thousand yards of shirting. October 16th, 1852, Luther Wright and Alfred Morse pur- chased the property, and October 1st, 1860, by purchase of his partner’s share, Mr. Morse became sole owner. The trustee of his estate sold the property, January sth, 1874, to Milton S. Morse, who died in the spring of 1877. The mill was run under the name of Estate of Milton S. Morse until 1881, when the present style of the Holden Mills was adopted. The death of the widow, in 1881, and the purchase by Stillman F. Morse, January Ist, 1888, of one-third of the property has made the firm for the last five years to consist of George M. Morse, Susan A. Monroe and Stillman F. Morse. Stillman F. Morse, the present agent, took charge of the business December 31st, 1879. The property consists of a large mill, an office, a boiler house, a store and about twenty tenements. The power consists of a water wheel of one hundred and forty-three horse power and a steam engine of one hundred horse power. The mill BUSINESS AND MANUFACTURES. 209 contains five thousand six hundred and sixty-four spindles, and eighty-six twenty-eight inch, and fifty-two forty inch looms. Seventy hands are regularly employed. The weekly product is twenty thousand yards of print cloth and nine thousand five hundred yards of four-leaf twill goods. This mill has the rep- utation of making the best print cloth which is sold in the Prov- idence market. Half a century ago the making of boots and shoes was an industry of considerable importance in this town. In 1837, five thousand eight hundred pairs of boots and ten thousand pairs of shoes were made. This industry has been transferred to other places. In spite of this loss, the number of persons employed in manufacturing increased from two hundred and twenty in 1837 to about six hundred in 1885, and the value of the product increased in a much greater ratio. CHAPTER XIII. PERSONAL NOTICES, Rev. Mervin J. ALLEN. “HE Rev. Melvin J. Allen was born in Cincinnatus, N. | Y., May 7th, 1852. He studied at the Cortland Normal School, and at the Cazenovia Seminary, and was graduated from Amherst College in 1879, and from Andover Theological Seminary in 1882, taking also a post- graduate year at Andover, 1890-91. He has been pastor at Ash- by, 1882 to 1888, where he was ordained November 8th, 1882, at Holden, 1888 to 18go, and at Littleton, N. H., since 1891. JosEPH Sranrorp Ames, M. D. Joseph Stanford Ames, son of Lewis and Mehitable For- bush Ames, was born in Marlborough, December 21st, 1828. His boyhood and youth were spent upon his father’s farm. He attended the common schools and the Marlborough Acad- emy. Naturally fond of books and of investigation, his thoughts were early turned to the study of medicine. He accordingly attended the Medical School of Harvard College, and was grad- uated from the Berkshire Medical College at Pittsfield in 1858. He became a member of the Massachusetts Medical Society in 1860. A few months after his graduation he married, January 5th, 1859, Lizzie, daughter of John and Catherine Parmenter Perry, who was born in Sudbury, July 20th, 1835. He be- gan the practice of his profession in Holden in November, PERSONAL NOTICES. 201 1858, and this has been his home for more than a generation. Their only child, Josephine Stanford, was born July 24th, 1869, and died September 16th, 1891. He easily secured, by the wide range of his knowledge, by the breadth and the catholicity of his views, and by the upright- ness of his character, the esteem of his fellow citizens as a man; and by his uniform kindness and courtesy of manner, and his professional integrity and skill, won their confidence as a physician. He has ever been, and still is, an earnest stu- dent of the ever progressive science of medicine, and a wide reader of general scientific and political literature ; and main- tains a most active interest in the great questions, political, social, moral, and religious, so characteristic of the present century. His tall and erect form, his singularly unaffected manner, his wit, his knowledge of men and things, his interest in the life and welfare of those with whom he has lived, and to whom he has devoted professional skill and ability of a high order, and his unimpeachable honor render him a marked personality in the life of Holden in this generation. Rey. Evisna ANDREWS. The Rev. Elisha Andrews was born at Middletown, Conn., Sept. 29th, 1768. At twelve years of age he moved with his parents to Vermont. His father, in ‘his early years, was a teacher and surveyor, and Elisha acquired knowledge with re- markable facility, and was competent to impart all the instruc- tion required in the district schools of that day. When about seventeen, he removed to Galway, N. Y., where he followed teaching and surveying for several years, residing during this period with a pious aunt, through whose godly counsels he received such convictions as ultimately led him to the Saviour. At nineteen he commenced to preach, and in 1793 he was ordained pastor of the church in Fairfax, Vt., where he remained until the winter of 1796, when he located in Hopkin- 212 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. ton, N. H., for about a year, and then transferred his residence to Nottingham West (now Hudson). Early in 1800, he be- came pastor of the church in Templeton. At that time this church had members in twelve or fifteen towns. For fourteen years he had regular appointments at Holden, twenty miles distant ; at Barre, about twelve; at Athol, about ten, seldom passing and repassing without preaching at the intermediate stations. He visited Holden once a month for fourteen years, except once on account of sickness; he was equally regular, though less frequent, in his visitsto Barreand Athol. At least twelve churches now occupy the ground over which his pas- toral labors extended during the first ten years of his residence in Templeton, and he is still remembered in that region as the Apostle of the Baptists. In February, 1816, Mr. Andrews removed to Hinsdale, N. H., where the Baptist Church was the only one in the town, and where for several years he ministered to Baptists and others. Afterwards he preached at Princeton, Leominster, Templeton and South Gardner, where he gathered a church, and again at Hinsdale, where he was regarded as the senior pastor until the close of his life, February 3d, 1840. Mr. Andrews possessed great native ability, and his theologi- cal information was remarkable. He received the honorary de- gree of Master of Arts from Brown University in 1803. He was frequently invited to preach upon public occasions, and was honored over New England as one of the purest and most use- ful men in the Baptist denomination. As a writer, Mr. Andrews was known chiefly among those of his own denomination, and as a defender of their faith. Some among his published writings are, ‘The Moral Ten- dencies of Universalism,” “‘ Strictures on the Rev. Mr. Brooks’ Essay on Terms of Communion,” “ A Vindication of the Dis- tinguishing Sentiments of the Baptists,” “A Review of John Wesley’s Tract on the Falling from Grace,” “ A Review of Win- chester’s Dialogues on Universal Restoration.” PERSONAL NOTICES. 213 Samuel WaALLAcE ARMINGTON. Samuel Wallace Armington was born in St. Johnsbury, Vt., February rith, 1837. When about two years of age his par- ents came to Holden, and made their home in the west part of the town on what was then known as the Davis farm, where his father engaged in farming and in the wood and lumber ‘business. His boyhood days were spent on the farm, in the wood lots and in attendance upon the common schools of the town. When about sixteen years old he went into a store as clerk and from that time until 1861, except a year passed in Vermont at his native place, he was in stores in Holden and Worcester. Though desiring very much to enlist in the early part of 1861, he did not because lis parents and friends thought him not sufficiently strong to endure the hardships of a soldier's life. He did not enlist until the call was made, after the disaster at Ball's Bluff, for men to fill up the Fifteenth Regiment, a regiment than which few in the Army ot the Potomac saw harder service. He was with the regiment during 1862 and 1863, and, in spite of the long marches and various hardships of army life, was present and took part in nearly every battle in which his regiment was engaged. He was twice wounded, once at the battle of Fair Oaks, and again at Fredericksburg, but in each case only slightly. At Mine Run, Va., November 27th, 1863, he with others was taken prisoner, and was kept for more than a year in the pris- ons at Belle Isle, Andersonville, Charleston and Florence. While larger and stronger men than he broke down under the strain, Mr. Armington, of more slender build, showed bet- ter powers of endurance. Still, so great was the change wrought during those months that few would have recognized him when his release came, December 16th, 1864. Before he had sufficiently recovered from the effects of his prison life to doa soldier's duty, the war closed. He did not ‘ 214 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. return to his regiment, and was discharged from the service in June, 1865. Besides Mr. Armington, two of his brothers were in the army, both of whom lost their lives, and are buried in unknown graves: Alonzo C. Armington, Third Vermont Reg- iment, who was killed at Savage Station, in one of the Seven Days’ Battles, and Henry C. Armington, Ninth Maine Regi- ment, who was killed in front of Petersburg at the blowing up of the fort. After partially regaining his health, Mr. Armington returned to mercantile business, and took charge of one of the stores in Holden Centre. Three years later, in 1868, he bought the store, and carried on business for himself until 1877. Since then he has lived at what is known as Pine Grove Farm, a place that under his man- agement has become one of the pleasantest resorts in the re- gion for summer visitors from the cities. He was married October 8th, 1865, to Harriet Shaw of Dresden, Me, who died May 22d, 1884. They had two daughters, May Jose- phene, who was born May 28th, 1868, and died December 13th, 1877, and Fannie Louise, who was born June rith, 1872. In 1866, he was appointed postmaster of Holden and held that office until 1885. He was re-appointed in 1880, and is postmaster at the present time, and also proprietor of one of the stores in the Centre. He was the first commander of Post 77, G. A. R., of Holden. Mr. Armington has served his town in the following offices: Town clerk, 1868, 1869, 1873 ; Town Treasurer, 1873, 1874, 1875, and Selectman, 1881. He was also chosen to represent his district in the State Leg- islature of 1887. PERSONAL NOTICES. 215 Watpo E. Austin. Waldo E. Austin was born in the town of Franklin, Vt., on the 31st day of August, 1839. His parents were David Brown and Rebecca Hunt Austin. During his early boyhood his father, a country blacksmith, carried on business in a shop just over the Canadian border, but moved to the center village of the town when he was about ten years of age. His education was such as the district schools afforded, sup- plemented by a course at the Franklin Academy, and his ex- periences in his father’s shop where he assisted in the manu- facture of all kinds of farming tools, such as axes, hoes, and forks, and in such other work as belonged to the blacksmith’s art of that time. Leaving home in the spring of 1858, he spent a year in Can-. ada West, near the city of Brantford, going from there to Rock- bridge, Wis., where he resided for three years, teaching school winters, with farming and shop work during summers. Returning to Vermont in 1862, he worked in a wagon shop until winter, when he again taught school, gaining his first ex- perience in “ boarding around.” In January, 1864, he came to Holden and soon entered the employ of Ira Broad, in the mills where he has since spent so many busy years. The work being too heavy for his strength he gave it up, and in the autumn entered the employ of Howe & Jefferson, where he remained two years. Office work prov- ing too confining, he then entered the service of Theron E. Hall, and had charge of his mill in Sutton for the season. Re- turning to Holden he again worked for Mr. Broad until 1868, when he removed to Somerville, where he carried on his busi- ness of contractor and builder for three years. Ira Broad hav- ing died in the meantime, and the mill property being in the market, his attention was called to it by his former employers, Howe & Jefferson, and, returning to Holden, he, with them, purchased the property and carried on a general sawmill and 216 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. lumber business, which soon included building also, until 1877. Since that time he has continued his business alone. During all these years he has manifested a live interest in whatever tended to the material, moral, and educational wel- fare of the town, serving on various committees and in the dif- ferent boards of town officers. On the 13th day of October, 1862, he married ‘Abbie Pris; cilla Chase, daughter of Aaron and Mercy Harris Chase. They have three children: Herbert Austin, born September 14th, 1866; graduated from the Worcester Polytechnic Institute with the degree of Bachelor of Science in 1890, and is Professor of Nat- ural Sciences at the Maryland State Normal School, Baltimore, Md. Susie Lillian, born June 8th, 1868; a member of the class of 1895, Vassar College. Waldo Edward, born March 18th, 1873. Rev. Josrru Avery.! Rev. Joseph Avery was a son of Deacon William Avery, South Parish, Dedham, and was born October 14th, 1751. Be- fore the close of his sixteenth year he entered Harvard Univer- sity. During his junior year his mind was deeply impressed with the subject of personal religion, and to such a degree that for a season he was unable to pursue his regular studies. Dur- ing the four years of college life he was an uncommonly exem- plary and conscientious student. He has been heard to remark that at one time he was the only undergraduate of the univer- sity not addicted to the use of tobacco. He graduated in the class of 1771, with much honor. With some of his fellow stu- dents he carried forward a friendly correspondence long after leaving the hallowed retreats of Cambridge. Dr. Tappan, ‘The sketch of Mr. Avery in the Damon History was rewritten by Dr. Da- mon, and was published in ity modified form in the Afassachusetts Spy in 1875. Every word of the above sketch has been taken from these papers of Dr. Damon, although neither form of the sketch has been unvaryingly fol- lowed. PERSONAL NOTICES. 214 Hollis Professor at the University, was an intimate friend and correspondent. He was ordained and settled over the church in Holden in December, 1774. Rev. Jabez Haven of Dedham preached the ordination sermon, which was published. In December, 1777, he was married to Miss Allen of Worcester, niece of the cele- brated Samuel Adams of Revolutionary memory. The inter- course of Mr. Avery with his family was uniformly character- ized by kindness and affection. The temporal and spiritual welfare of his children was a subject of great solicitude. His habits as a country parson were exceedingly methodical. He devoted certain days to farm labor, and others to study in the preparation of his sermons. His sermons were usually written. He numbered his sermons until 1816, when No. 2180 was found written upon one of them. The latest date, however, when a sermon was written, was in the year 1822, two years before his death. It is not known that any of his sermons were ever published, although he is known to have written frequently for the press. His style was remarkably pure and chaste, and in doctrinal views he was Evangelical and Calvinistic. Dr. Thomas Scott was a favorite commentator. It is a noteworthy fact that Mr. Avery carefully examined the marginal references of Isaiah Thomas’ quarto Bible, while it was going through the press at Worcester. This edition of the Bible, I have the impression, was the first edition in English printed in America. It was printed and pub- lished in Worcester in 1791. Eliot’s Indian Bible had been previously printed in the seventeenth century. Mr. Thomas re- marks in the editor's preface to this edition, ‘“ The marginal notes and references to the quarto edition were all previously examined and compared with the text by the minister of Hol- den; every sheet of the text, before its committment to the press, by the clergymen of Worcester.” It was during the later years of the pastorate of Mr. Avery, that the great Unitarian controversy prevailed throughout the eastern part of Massachusetts, and, perhaps, in no part of the State was the controversy more rife than in the vicinity of 218 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Worcester. In several of the neighboring towns a division of the church was the unhappy result, while in Holden no such schism occurred. This was, doubtless, owing in a great meas- ure to the mild, yet strictly gospel style of Mr. Avery’s preach- ing, devoid of controversy. During his long pastorate of half a century, he ever exhib- ited the conduct of a peace-making minister of Christ. He was styled a “peacemaker.’’ Enviable title! Proud distinction ! He was never heard to complain ot his arduous labors as a pastor. When some of his parishioners desired him to re- linquish his pastoral charge, the tears were seen to course his cheeks, furrowed by age. He loved the people of his charge, and his love was abiding until the close of his life. “Nor e’er had chang’d, nor wished to change his place.” He appeared in his pulpit until within two weeks of his death, which occurred March 5th, 1824. REMINISCENCES OF Mrs. Mary Avery.! It has been thought that a few reminiscences of Mrs. Mary Avery, the city-bred young woman who came to share the lot of the poor country minister, may be of interest to the de- scendants of those among whom her husband labored, and that these recollections may have a historical value as well, in show- ing the difference of the customs and manners of a hundred years ago from those of the present time. She was born in 1755, and lived in what is now the city of Boston till some years after the death of her parents, passing the latter part of her sojourn there in the family of her mother’s brother, Samuel Adams, so widely spoken of as the “ Father of the American Revolution.” She was, as might be supposed, well imbued with the patriotism of that eventful period of our country’s history, and often, in advanced age, would regale the ‘By Mrs. Mary A. W. Davis, a granddaughter. PERSONAL NOTICES. 219 ears of her grandchildren with accounts of the sayings and doings of the “high sons and daughters of liberty,” whom she held in high esteem. Referring to the Boston Massacre, she would tell them of the consternation which filled every heart, when a mounted horseman rode furiously through the streets, shouting at the top of his voice: ‘Our brethren are lying like slaughtered sheep in King Street!” She would also speak of a class of young ladies of “ high rank,” who were associated together to be taught the art of spinning flax on the little wheel, under the auspices of those same “high sons and daughters of liberty,” and of an ex- hibition of skill at the close of the term of instruction, given in Faneuil Hall, when a prize was presented to the most suc- cessful pupil. Great was her satisfaction in saying that it was adjudged to Miss Polly Allen, and with quite an air would she declare that, “ The value of the prize (a laurel wreath) was in- significant in itself, but the honor!” How the poor country minister met and fell in love with this fair maiden, was on this fashion. She had left Boston, and was living with her elder brother, Joseph Allen, then of Leicester. He had buried his wife, and Polly came to fill the place of housekeeper to him, and to care for his two motherless children. In pursuance of a custom then and afterwards in vogue, for prominent members of the congregation to invite to © dinner any stranger exchanging with their own pastor, Mr. Allen on one occasion welcomed Mr. Avery asa guest. The young minister was at once smitten with the charms of his hon- ored host’s sister, and in due course of time sought her in mar- riage and received her December ioth, 1777. It was a new and unaccustomed field that opened before her, but she nobly acquitted herself, in the midst of many depriva- tions and unwearied toil. It was the darkest period in our Revolutionary war, and all felt it in their homes in scantiness of supplies. Mrs. Avery mentioned, as one fruit of the efforts of the kind parishioners to provide for their pastor, the specta- cle of twenty frozen spare-ribs which adorned the attic rafters on her arrival at her new home. 220 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. As illustrating social style and customs, prevailing, and her ignorance of the difference between city and country, she re- lated that, being informed that the wife of a prominent pa- rishioner had come to make a bridal call, and possessed with a strong desire to show proper respect to her visitor, she deliber- ated whether she should array herself in a blue silk or a crim. son paduasoy, but finally decided upon the latter, as being the least pretentious. On descending from her chamber she was surprised to find her caller dressed in clean every-day ap- parel in what was called a “long-short skirt’ (more of the short than the long), with a short sacque above, and with distaff in hand to improve the time of her call in spinning. The minister's new wife knew better the next time than to appear in silk. It may be noted in passing that she had an unusually large supply, because silk dresses descended by inheritance from mother to daughter, and Mrs. Avery, like her mother, grandmother, and great-grandmother, was an only daughter. It is not to be forgotten that domestic duties were in some respects more severe at that time than now. All the cloth used in the family or for personal wear, was, in well-appointed house- holds of the middling class, woven in the house, and the tailor and the shoemaker were accustomed to go from place to place to do what was needed to set forth their customers properly for another season. The minister was expected hospitably to entertain his trav- eling ministerial .brethren. Having at one time kindly fur- nished ample provision over night for man and two beasts to a perfect stranger hitherto, when the year came round he pre- sented himself to the lady of the house again, quoting the pro- verb, ‘One good turn deserves another,’ and having been. so well served once, I have come again.” She did not like it. She was in the habit of saying to the good man of the house, as they sat down to the table: “Take off, as you serve, some of the best pieces of the meat and put them on a plate ;” and then arranging vegetables on the same dish, she would cover it and set itin a warm corner of the old-fashioned fireplace, for any PERSONAL NOTICES. 221 chance arrival after the family had dined. Seeing this proc- ess gone through with on three successive days, and an unex- pected guest each day to partake of the provision thus pru- dently made, a new and young assistant inquired if she always had some one come for a dinner after the family was through. From this account it will not create surprise unbounded to learn that the incumbent of the Holden pulpit bore a burden of debt, incurred for his education and some little “setting out” for his daughters as they grew up and went to fill other homes, till the death of his eldest son. The untimely death by accident of this son, who had accumulated, as a bookbinder, by untiring industry and economy, what in those days entitled him to be called « well off,” relieved his aged father, as partial heir, from debt near the close of his life. Order and neatness were striking characteristics of Mrs. Avery's reign, which was supreme in her own household, and she became an accomplished, though somewhat exacting house- keeper. Her mind was well stored with hymns and poems, learned in her youth, and, possessing in a remarkable degree the power of aptness in quotation, she was interesting in con- ‘versation ; and with the wheels all running smoothly in house- hold affairs, it was a delightful home, and much enjoyed by the young ladies of the town and others. She survived her hus- band eighteen years, and died in 1842 in the home of her el- dest daughter, Mrs. Aaron White of Boylston, with whom a large portion of her widowhood had been passed. — None of the descendants of this worthy couple became permanent residents of Holden, but some of the grandchil- dren are still living in advanced years, who recall their visits there, while they add : “Tis now become a history little known, That once we called that past’ral house our own.” 222 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Rev. Tuomas Earite Bass. The Rev. Thomas Earle Babb, son of William George and Anna Earle Babb, was born in Orange, N. J., August 21st, 1840; fitted for college at New York University Grammar School ; was graduated from Amherst College in the class of 1865; studied at Bangor Theological Seminary 1865 to 1867, and was gtaduated from Andover Theological Seminary in 1868. He was ordained at Eastport, Me., January 19th, 1869, and has been pastor at Eastport, Me., 1868 to 1871; Oxford, 1871 to 1878; of the Presbyterian Church at Victor, N. Y., 1878 to 1883; at West Brookfield from December Ist, 1883 to Decem- ber Ist, 1889; of the Third Congregational Church, Chelsea, from December Ist, 1869 to June Ist, 1892; since then at Holden. Epwarp BAILEY. Edward Bailey was born in Holden, February 24th, 1814. He was the son of James Bailey, who was born October roth, 1780, in New Jersey, and married Elizabeth Gleason, who was born in 1785, in Marlborough. Their children were: Elizabeth, born September 28th, 1809; married Charles C. Chaffin, of Walpole, N. H.; died January 12th, 1842. Charlotte, born June 21st, 1811; married Rev. Aldin Grout. yo Edward, born February 24th, 1814. John, born March 8th 1817; died May sth, 1818. James H., born July 20th, 1820; died at Attleborough, where he was principal of an academy, May 6th, 1856. Abigail Goodell, born April rgth, 1825 ; married Joseph H. Gleason. The father was a small farmer, and the sons were brought up to work on the farm. Edward received a common school PERSONAL NOTICES. 223 education, which was supplemented in a small measure by attendance on the yearly “select schools”. He also attended, for parts of two terms, academies at Amherst and Andover, where he gained a little acquaintance with Latin and Greek. Finding that his constitution would not endure the strain of paying his way while securing a liberal education, he consented to become a missionary teacher at the Hawaiian Islands, under the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions. He sailed on the “Mary Frazier”, December 14th, 1836, and arrived at the Islands the next April. He was stationed first for two years in Kohala, on the Island of Hawaii, then for one year at the high school at Lahainaluna, on the Island of Maui, and then at Wailuku, where he remained until he left the Islands in 1888. At Wailuku he had a boys’ schooi fur one year, and then took charge of the Female Semi- nary at that place for eight years, or till 1858, when, as the American Board wished to finish up their work at the Islands, he with others consented to a separation from their service. Thereafter they sought as citizens to help forward the work of civilizing and christianizing the people as best they might while seeking a self-support. In this line of life he practiced survey- ing, and was also sugar boiler and planter. Scientific studies also engaged his attention as opportunity allowed. He has now returned to the United States, and for the past four years has made his home at Oakland, Cal. In December, 1836, he married Caroline, daughter of Jonas and Sally Wheeler Hubbard, who was born August 13th, 1814. They have had five sons, as follows: Edward Hubbard, born February 28th, 1838. Horatio Bardwell, born December 27th, 1839. William Hervey, born January 24th, 1843. James Clark, born June 4th, 1846. Charles Aldin, born April 17th, 1850. HISTORY OF HOLDEN. is te ee Rev. Freperic A. BAaLcom. The Rev. Frederic A. Balcom, son of Madison A. and Re- becca F. Cook Balcom, was born in Worcester, January 26th, 1853. He prepared for college at the high school in Grafton, and was graduated from Williams College in 1878, and from Yale Theological Seminary in 1881. He was or- dained at West Hartland, Conn., January oth, 1882, and has been pastor at West Hartland from May, 1881 to June, 1884; at Holden from June, 1884 to September, 1886 ; teacher at Dow Academy, Franconia, N. H., from September, 1886 to March, 1887; pastor at North Leominster from July, 1887 to November, 1889; and of the First Congregational Church, Rockland, from November 1oth, 1889, to the present time. IsrAEL MANNING BALL. Israel Manning Ball is the son of Josiah and Sophia Man- ning Ball, and grandson of Captain Israel Manning, whose name he worthily bears. Captain Manning, who was born in Lan- caster, January-29th, 1756, and died in Holden, January 34d, 1821, was the second son of John and Prudence Houghton Manning, and a descendant in the sixth generation of Mr. William Manning, one of the founders of Cambridge, who came from an ancient family which in the fourth century emi- grated from Saxony to England. His great-great-grandfather, William Manning, Jr., was a prominent merchant of Cam- bridge, one of the selectmen of that town, a messenger of the church to England to secure a pastor, and by appointment of the General Court one of those designated to collect and dis- burse the monies raised for the first Harvard Hall, and to di- rect its construction. Thiough his grandmother, Martha Wheelock Houghton, he was descended from Rev. Ralph Wheelock, who was educated at Cambridge, England, and be- ISRAEL M. BALL. PERSONAL NOTICES. 225 came one of the founders of Medfield. He was one of those who, April 19th, 1775, responded to the Lexington alarm, join- ing the company of his friend, Captain Samuel Sawyer. The service of this company was of short duration, but shortly after it returned to Lancaster, he again enlisted and joined the com- pany of his kinsman, Captain Ephraim Richardson, and had the honor of firing his first gun at the battle of Bunker Hill. How long he remained with this command is unknown, but in April, 1777, he enlisted from Worcester County in the Fif- teenth Massachusetts Continental Line, Colonel Biglow, in which command, first in Captain Hodgkin’s company and afterwards in the company of the distinguished Captain Howdin, he served as corporal for three years and participated in the noted battles in which his regiment was engaged. A few weeks before his term of service expired, his father died, which rendered it nec- essary for him on leaving the service to remain at home and as- sist his widowed mother in the care of her family and estate. On January Ist, 1781, he married Mrs. Lydia Richardson Wright, widow of Abel Wright of Sterling. About 1782 he purchased an estate in Holden where he settled and engaged in farming, in which occupation he continued until the close of his life. In 1819 he received a pension from the United States Government. Captain Manning does not appear to have sought public office, but it is known that he took a deep interest in public affairs, and was recognized as one of the lead- ing citizens, and died at his residence, Manning Hill, now the home of Israel M. Ball, highly respected and deeply mourned. He left surviving him a son, Rev. Abel, and four daughters, Nancy, Pamelia, Polly and Sophia. Abel was graduated from Brown University in 1817, studied Theology with the Rev. Dr. Emmons, of Franklin, was ordained November 7th, 1820, and settled as pastor of the Congregational Church in Ply- mouth, Vt. He was pastor of eleven churches in all, and re- tired from the ministry about thirty years before his death, which occurred at Goffstown, N. H., December 20th, 1879, in the ninety-second year of his age. He left a widow who has since died, but never had issue. Nancy married a Mr. Red- 226 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. ding of Sterling. Pamelia married Mr. Ebenezer Neff. Polly married the Rev. Thomas Marshall, a Baptist clergyman, and Sophia married Mr. Josiah Ball, late of Holden. All the daughters died leaving issue, but none of the families remained in Holden, except that of Mr. Ball. Mr. Josiah Ball was a representative citizen of Holden, where he lived a useful and honorable life. He was the son of Jotham and Anita Cheney Ball, and was born in Holden, February 11, 1784, and died there November 12th, 1867. His father, Samuel, was a native of Concord and a descendant of John Ball of Wiltshire, England, one of the founders of Con- cord, and believed to be the “Mr. Ball’ who came to Massa- chusetts with Governor Winthrop. Mr. Ball had by his wife, Sophia Manning, to whom he was married in 1813, nine chil- dren, as follows : Josiah, born July 4th, 1814; died October 5th, 1814. Dr. Jonas, born November 26th, 1815. Sophia, born January 16th, 1818. Harriet Wheelock, born January Sth, 1820; died July 29th, 1875. Dr. Simon, born June 27th, 1822. Mary Greenwood, born April 15th, 1824. Israel Manning, born April 3d, 1826. Melinda Ann, born February 2d, 1828. Amanda Caroline, born July 12th, 1831. Mrs. Ball died January 11th, 1837, and he then married Elmira Fales, by whom he had two children : Jennie, born July 22d, 1839. Dr. J. Warren, born June 28th, 1841. Israel Manning Ball was born at Holden, April 3d, 1826.. His boyhood was spent at the old homestead on Manning Hill, the house having been built by Captain Manning about one hundred years ago. His early life passed as uneventfully as that of most farmers’ boys of his day. At the age of six years a PERSONAL NOTICES. 224 he lost the use of one eye, which was a serious misfortune and great obstacle to him throughout youth and later life. He received his education at the town schools and at the Nashua Academy, after which he taught school for a number of years with much acceptance in New Hampshire, Massa- chusetts, New Jersey and New York. The loss of his eye proved so serious an impediment to a studious or professional life, that he returned to Holden and purchased one of his father’s farms, on which was a brick yard. In connection with farming he engaged for some years in the manufacture of brick, and in 1860 purchased the up-and- down saw mill, situated on Ball Brook, near its entrance into the Quinapoxet river, and there carried on the lumber business until logs and mill gave out. The mill and dam were erected by Mr. Ball’s father about 1810. Upon his father’s death, in 1870, Mr. Ball purchased and removed to Manning Hill, where he and his son, Granville M. Ball, now reside, being among the few to occupy the old estate where parents and grandparents have lived and died. In 1877 Mr. Ball became associated with his son, Granville M. Ball; under the firm name of I. M. Ball & Son, in the manufacture of brooms, and so continued until 1885, when they entered upon their present business of poultry farming, being among the most extensive farmers in this line in the state. On account of impaired eyesight he was denied a place in the army during the rebellion. He was chosen a member of the town school committee in 1865, and served in that capacity about sixteen years. He has held the office of justice of the peace for over twenty-eight years, having been first commis- sioned by Governor Andrew in 1864, and since re-commis- sioned by Governors Rice, Claflin, Robinson and Russell, the present term expiring in 1899. He has since early manhood been a member of the Baptist Church and has held prominent positions in the church and Sabbath School. He is a member of the society of Sons of the American Revolution, and has been a life long member of the Republican party. 228 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. He married November 27th, 1850, Mary Dickerman Newton, daughter of Deacon Lemuel Dickerman and Sarah L. Fessenden Newton. They have four children now living: Ella Danelia, born October 2d, 1851, now the wife of John Hapgood Brooks, Jr., of Worcester. Granville Manning, born March 2d, 1853, now engaged in business with -his father; married Emma, C. Raymond of Winchendon, now deceased: Herbert Eugene, born June 14th, 1855, a prominent banker of Topeka, Kan., and now president of the Investment Company of America; married Willietta Goddard, daughter of Henry Goddard, Esq., of Worcester, a graduate of Wellesley College. Mary Louisa, born June roth, 1857, a graduate of Wellesley College, now the wife of Judge Loren L. Morrison of Rockford, Illinois. Mrs. Ball was one of the first women elected to serve on the town school board, and has been president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union since its organization in Holden. She, like her husband, was in early life a teacher, as have been three of their children. Mr. and Mrs. Ball have both been active in the cause of temperance and education, and were among the first trustees of the Library Association, and have taken a lively interest in all matters pertaining to the welfare of the town, and their hospitable home, “ Manning Hill,” with its pleasant surroundings and many family gatherings, is a cherished spot in the hearts of kindred and friends who are scattered throughout our land from Maine to California, and from Canada to Central America. J. WARREN BALL. PERSONAL NOTICES. 229 JostaH WarreEN Batt, D. D. 8S. Josiah Warren Ball, son of Josiah and Elmira Fales Ball, was born at Holden, Mass., June 28th, 1841, on what is known as Manning Hill. His early education was limited to that which the town schools then afforded. On the breaking out of the war in 1861, he entered the army, serving first with the three months’ men in the Holden Rifles, and afterward in the First and Second Massachusetts Cavalry Regiments. For bravery he was promoted to a lieutenancy, and remained in the service until April, 1865, when he was honorably discharged. Returning home in the autumn of 1865, he studied dentistry for a time with Dr. Tourtellot, one of the leading dentists of Worcester, after which he went to Marion, Alabama, where he continued his studies for three years in the office of his brother, Dr. Simon Ball. He then returned to Boston and was graduated at the Boston Dental College in 1870, being a member of the first class to complete a course at that institu- tion. He is a member of the leading Dental Societies of the State, and president of the Massachusetts Dental Society. He was for several years instructor in Operative Dentistry at the College from which he was graduated. His practice is exclu- sively high class, and quite extended and lucrative. Dr. Ball married Miss Elizabeth B. Farrington of Rox- bury, and after her decease, in October, 1879, Miss Edna E. Smith of St. Johns, N. B. Horatio Barpwe Lt, D. D. ' Horatio Bardwell, D. D., the third pastor of the Congrega- tional Church in Holden, was born in Belchertown, November 3d, 1778. At the age of nineteen he began to study with his brother-in-law, Rev. William Fisher, with whom he remained until his entering Andover Theological Seminary in 1811. June 21st, 1815, he was ordained as a missionary of the Ameri- 230 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. can Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions, at New- buryport, in company with Messrs. Richards, Poor, Meigs, Warren and Mills, with whom, excepting Mr. Mills, he sailed for India in the ship “ Dryad,”’ October 3rd, 1815. He joined the mission at Bombay, the first established by the Board, and continued his labors there until the climate had so impaired his health that the only hope of saving his life Jay in immediate removal. He then left Bombay and returned to this country, arriving here in 1821, having been. absent six years. While in India he had been printer as well as mission- ary. Before retiring from his pastorate in Holden, he enter- tained serious thoughts of returning to India, which he would not relinquish until a council of skiiled pliysicians reported that such a step would seriously endanger his health and life. After his partial recovery of health, he was settled, October 22d, 1823, at Holden, as colleague pastor of Rev. Mr. Avery, and became sole pastor in the following March in consequence of the death of his venerable associate. During this pastorate, the church and town experienced powerful revivals of religion. The most noteworthy occurred in 1829 and 1830, which began in the “select school,” taught by Mr. David T. Lane, a graduate of Amherst College, who had previously been associated with the famous evangelist, Nettleton, and as a result of which Mr. Bardwell received one hundred and fifty to the church. October 24th, 1833, he was dismissed at his own request from his pas- torate in Holden. Before his formal dismissal from the pastorate, Mr. Bardwell, with the consent of this people, had already entered upon his work among the churches as a representative of the American Board. This work he carried on for three years, traveling widely and preaching with his wonted zeal. : In 1836 he was installed pastor of the church at Oxford, where he continued his labors nearly thirty years, until about two years before his death. He died May gth, 1865, in conse- quence of injuries received while endeavoring to save his barn, which had accidentally taken fire. PERSONAL NOTICES. 231 He married, in 1815, Miss Rachel Forbush of Andover, who survived him. He also left four sons and one daughter, the last named the wife of the Rev. S. J. Austin, for some years his colleague over the church at Oxford. In 1841 Dartmouth College conferred on him the honerary degree of Master of Arts, and, in 1857, Amherst College the degree of Doctor of Divinity. «The key to the entire life and character of Dr. Bardwell is found in his consecration to the work of missions. He pursued his studies just at the period when the churches began to be stirred with a new zeal for extending the kingdom of God amongst the heathen. It was an untried experiment; and demanded singleness of purpose, firmness of faith and heroic self-denial. In giving himself then to the Lord in an undertak- ing so arduous and perilous, he gave himself without reserve to the service of God for life. Whether in India or in his native land, it was his joy to live for Christ. Honored and beloved as a missionary, he was not less honored and beloved as a pastor. He gave full proof of the excellence of his spirit in the strength of his affection, his unceasing watchfulness and in his care for the souls of his people. He was regarded by his brethren, and by all who knew him, as a man singularly unselfish, free from self-complacency, always ready to do, and always ready to yield ; never shrinking from service and never obtruding himsclf.; always courteous, affable and genial ; always a man ; a Christian always.” “He was the author of a most charming life of the Rev. Gordon Hall, one of the early missionaries to India, and it is my sincere wish that some one had performed a similar labor of affection and love for him whose noble life and untiring labors have contributed to shape the destinies of the church of Christ in both India and his native land. Many a young man, not only of Holden but elsewhere, owes to him the first impulse which awakened in his soul a desire tu preach the gospel.’” From an obituary notice by Seth Sweetser, D. D. 2 From'the biographical sketch published in the Afassachusetts Spy by S. C. Damon, D. D. HISTORY OF HOLDEN. tb 23 GEORGE WASHINGTON Bascom. George Washington Bascom was born in the town of Gill, Franklin County, January 21st, 1803. He was one of the youngest of a large family of children. His father died in Boston, March 8th, 1814, of typhus fever, while representing his town in the Legislature. He was thus, at the age of eleven years, left dependent on his own efforts. He learned the trade of machinist, and worked as opportunity offered in different parts of the state. He finally located in Holden, where he met and married Harriet Dryden, the youngest daughter of Artemas Dryden of Holden. After living a short time at Drydenville, now Jefferson, they settled on the old Dryden homestead in the south part of the town, where they lived many years with their children. George, the eldest, was born May 24th, 1832, and is by occupation a carpenter. He enlisted in the army in response to the call for three months’ volunteers, and later went as Cap- tain of Company B, Fifty-first Regiment. He married Marietta, eldest daughter of Joab S. Holt, and still lives in Holden. His family numbers three sons and two daughters: Nellie Maria, born February 16th, 1866; a teacher. William Henry, born August 6th, 1868; an insurance agent. George Edward, born August 27th, 1869. Clara Kimball, born October 12th, 1875. Fred Winthrop, born December 19th, 1880. Artemas Dryden Bascom, the second son, was born August 20th, 1834, and was also among the first to respond to his country’s call for volunteers. He is a blacksmith by occupation. He married Emerette F., daughter of Joseph and Emily Clemans Davis, and still resides in town. They have four children : Harry Chester, born December 21st, 1864; an attorney at law in Fitchburg. GEORGE W. BASCOM. PERSONAL NOTICES. 233 Cane Emily, born June 3d, 1868; a teacher. Mary Clemans, born June 15th, 1873. Marion Alice, born July 22d, 1879. Harriet, the only daughter, died at the age of two years and nine months. George W. Bascom won a high place in the estimation of his townsmen by his strict integrity, pure life and genial charac- teristics. He was honored by being twice elected to represent his town in the legislature, in 1851 and 1852. Healso served on the board of selectmen and in other offices of trust with ear- nest fidelity. He died October 12th, 1885, aged eighty-two years; his wife died the following July, aged eighty-one years. Rev. App.ETON BELKNAP. The Rev. Appleton Belknap was born in Framingham, Sep- tember Ist, 1802. After having supplied the pulpit of the Baptist Church in Holden for some months, he was ordained to the pastorate, June 13th, 1832. He continued as pastor only about a year, "however, closing his labors October 27th, 1833, with the expressed intent of studying for further preparation for the ministry. From 1835, for thirteen years, he was pastor at East Jaffrey, N..H., and for two years, about 1850, at St. George, Me. In March, 1855, he settled at Lyme Center, N. H., where he remained until 1862, when he removed to Post Mills, in the town of Thetford, Vt., where he preached three years. He then returned, in consequence of failing health, to Lyme, where he spent the rest of his life, supplying occasionally, but never again settled as pastor. He died February 2d, 1877. He was a good man, and proved himself in all his pastorates a faith- ful minister of Christ Jesus. He was twice married. April oth, 1832, he married Nancy E. Boynton, of Framingham, who died in 1859. In 1860, he married Susan W. Bliss, of Lyme, N. H., who is still living there. He had one son, Fenelon Belknap, born in Holden, and now living in Barton, Vt. 234 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Ira Broan. Ira Broad, son of Asa and Prudence Boyden Broad, was born May 13th, 1810; married Lucy J. Foster of Rutland, October 3d, 1838, and died in his native town, July 17th, 1869. He was largely selt-educated, the schools of the town and a short term at New Salem Academy being his only aids. He devoted several winters during his early manhood to teaching in New Jersey and in Holden. His active business life was a combination of various occupa- tions, including teaching, agriculture, the manufacturing of lum- ber, the contracting for the construction of dams and roads, etc. He was a man of large views and strong intellect, and was characteristically self-reliant. In company with his brother Asa, he built the mills now occupied by W. E. Austin, and also sev- eral houses, and he always exhibited a deep interest in improv- ing the town. He represented Holden in the Legislature in 1850, and for more than twenty-five years filled important offices in the town. Alike in the course of town affairs and in its political history may be marked the influence which he exerted on the character and history of Holden. Rev. Joun Keiitey Cuase. The Rev. John Kelley Chase was born in Exeter, N. H., April 22d, 1822. He was a son of Joseph Chase, a descendant of Aquila Chase, who came from England to Newbury about 1625. A brother, James N. Chase, who died in 1862, was also a Baptist minister. Rev. John K. Chase studied at Atkinson Academy, Pembroke Gymnasium and the New Hampton Insti- tution. Baptized May 23d, 1841, he began at once to preach as opportunity offered, received a license in the same year, and was ordained as an evangelist in 1844 at Milton Mills, N. H. His pastorates have been at Lebanon, Me., 1845 and 1846; South IRA BROAD. PERSONAL NOTICES. 235 Hampton, N. H., 1846 to 1849 ; Hampden, Me., 1849 to 1854; Pittsfield. N. H., 1854 to 1857; Rumney, N. H., 1858 to 1865 ; Hydeville, Vt., 1865 to 1867; Rockland, 1872 to 1874; Holden, 1874 to 1879, and Rowley, 1879 to 1882. Since 1882, con- tinued ill-health has prevented his serving as pastor, and he has resided at South Hampton, N. H. Isaac CHENnERY, M. D. “ Dr. Isaac Chenery was born at Medfield, 1742, six weeks after the death of his father. Early in life, he entered the ser- vice of his country, as a soldier in the French and Indian war, and spent one campaign to the northward upon the lakes. He received a serious injury upon his ankle soon after his return home. He was under the care of a surgeon for nearly four years ; during which period he commenced the study of physic and surgery, without having previously enjoyed the advantages of a good education. Blessed naturally with a vigorous consti- tution and a strong mind, after a few months study he ventured to offer himself as a practitioner. In 1768, he settled in Holden, and by a faithful, tender and successful care of his patients, soon became extensively known as a physician and surgeon. During the Revolutionary war, he spent one year as a surgeon in the army. His charges as a physician were uni- form and moderate. In the social, relative and public duties of life he was beloved and respected. His death occurred Oc- tober 20th, 1822. He had nearly completed his eightieth year. When death closed his long and laborious life, many tears of sorrow were shed over an affectionate father and friend, by a numerous offspring and acquaintance.” Dr. Chenery married Susannah Pierce, who died a year be- fore him after more than half a century of married life. - After her death he wrote the following lines : 1 To this point, this sketch is taken from the Damon History, pp. 60, 61. 236 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. ‘*Removed from all the pains and cares of lite, Here rests a pleasing friend and faithful wife, Ennobled by the virtues of her mind, Constant to goodness and to death resigned, Sure in the silent Sabbath of the grave To taste that tranquil peace she always gave.” Their children were : Thaddeus, born April 27th, 1769. Zillah born July 12th, 1771. John, born November 12th, 1779. Susannah, born February 5th, 1785. Alony, born January 27th, 1788. Leonard, born April 27th, 1794. Nathan. Isaac. CoLONEL SAMUEL Damon. The following is an extract from the early records of the town: “June 1779 came to Reside in Holden Samuel Dammon and Abigail Dammon his wife . . . . they came from Midway in the County Suffolk.” These were the father and mother of the subject of this sketch, and this removal to Holden was so near the date of their mar- riage as to be almost their wedding journey. They made the trip from Medway on horseback, Madam “ Dammon” and a ne- gro servant riding on the same horse, while their household goods followed in an ox cart, requiring two days for the pas- sage. Mr. Damon had learned the trade of cabinet-maker in ‘Medway, as appears by old-time specimens of his handiwork still treasured among his descendants. Their first dwelling in Holden was one mile east of the center village on Bunker Hill, so-called, where still may be seen remnants of the stone fire- place and chimney. Here their children were born. Subse- quently, and before their establishment in the village home- stead, they lived for a time in the yellow house, long since removed, a half-mile west of the village on the premises now known as the John Richardson place. Cot. SAMUEL DAMON. PERSONAL NOTICES. 234 The name Damon, as the word indicates, is doubtless taken from Greek myth or story, and is found as a family name in half the countries of Europe. The spelling of the word, however, presents a curious jumble; here are some of the varieties: Da- man, Damman, Damond, Dammant, Daming, Demmon, Day- mond.. In the list of passengers in the ship “ Elizabeth Ann”, landing in New England in 1635, is “Jane Dammand, aged g”’; when she married John Plimpton in 1644, the record makes her “Jane Dammin.” The Holden family traces its lineage six generations back from the first named Samuel, through Deacon Samuel and Joseph of Dedham, to Deacon John Damon, who emigrated from Reading, England to Reading, Massachusetts, in 1633. It was representative Puritan stock, energetic, devout and thrifty. All through colonial days, its members frequently appear with the important titles of deacon or selectman or captain; for they were good Indian fighters when that was the business in hand. In this same year, 1779, this Samuel of Dedham gave to the successive oldest Deacons of that place, one thousand dollars, the interest to be devoted forever to provide Bibles for the poor, town paupers excepted. It is said that fund, after more than a hundred years, is still doing its good work—thanks and honor toan excellent series of « old- est Deacons,” the guardians of the fund, as well as to the founder. In interesting contrast with the foregoing, and as showing seventeenth century thrift in addition to benevolence, in the family character, there must be quoted a single line from the earlier records of Reading, West Parish: “Caesar, a clever man, was the slave of Joseph Damon.” The west forty feet of the Damon dwelling in Holden village is one hundred years old, and for almost that period has been occupied continuously by members of that family. On this very site, moreover, in still earlier days, stood “that Noted House in said Town Known by the Name of the Old Public Meeting House;” and this quotation is from a posted notice dated “March ye 16 1791,” announcing that the building ‘‘is to be Sold at Public Auction on the last Wednesday of this Instant at the House of Lem’] Abbot.” The sale and removal of the Meeting 238 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. House made way for the original dwelling which immediately followed. Contiguous to this, on the east, was erected a small low building, used as a store,’ both store and dwelling being first occupied by one Miles, who sold to Samuel Damon, senior, about the year 1800. Some years later, his son, Samuel, built the present store extension, with its ambitious little portico of Doric columns in the style of the period. Just here, growing out of the stone foundations, as if a shoot from the roots of the house, is the veteran old woodbine, still vigorous, though planted in 1835. The fine elm tree, near the west side door, was set out by Charles L. Knowlton, the husband of Alony Damon, in 1836, the birth year of their first child, Caroline. The trunk was torn in twain by an ice storm in 1861, one-half drooping to the ground, but the parts were tenderly put in place and bound by an iron bolt with success that the iron is now half buried in living wood. For a full century, with the exception of two years, there has been kept here a country store ; moreover, for a large portion of this time some member of the family has held town office, and the business of the office conducted chiefly here, Major Isaac Damon, of the third generation of Damon occupants, having himself been Town Clerk twenty-two years, and one of the Assessors twenty-eight years. This ancient edi- fice, therefore, with the ground thereunder, counting from very early days when the inhabitants gathered to worship here, has seen and touched so much of the life of the town’s people, that, for this reason, if no other, it is worthy of mention in these annals. Colonel Samuel Damon, born in 1786, began His business career at sixteen in his father’s store, where his unusual capacity was soon made manifest. He continued in charge of this store forty-five years. In the course of a few years, he also became sole or part proprietor of stores in the adjacent towns of Rut- land, Paxton and South Leicester, meantime planning and con- ducting extensive manufactories. In 1828, in company with his nephew, Jason Goulding, he built the cotton factory in Phillipston. In 1831, he erected the mill at Quinapoxet. Later he became owner of mills at North Woods, Drydenville, Daw- SAMUEL C. DAMON, D. D. 3 PERSONAL NOTICES. 239 sonville, North Oxford and the Trowbridge mill at Worcester, most of which manufactories he operated many years, and owned at the time of his death in 1851. He was also an extensive dealer in real estate, the Registry at Worcester showing more than three hundred conveyances by him. He was always promi- nent in the affairs of the town, having filled at different times most of its important offices, including that of Treasurer for thirteen years, and was elected four times to the Legislature. To this array of employments and activities, he added further that of bank director and the colonelcy of a cavalry regiment. In all these positions of responsibility, whether in the prosecu- tion of his business or in places of trust or public office, he - proved himself a man of rare force, broad-minded, sagacious and honorable. He married, July 4th, 1810, Alony Chenery, daughter of Dr. Isaac Chenery. To them were born nine children, of whom ‘only two survive, the second son, Isaac, and the youngest daugh- ter, Susan, Mrs. Gale. A sketch of the eldest son, Samuel C., the late Rev. Dr. Damon of the Hawaiian Islands, follows. In continuance of the honored line of Samuels, is Dr. Damon’s son Samuel, recently Minister of Finance in that island king- dom, and the latter’s son Samuel, now a Freshman in Yale Col- lege. SamuEL CuEenrery Damon, D. D. Samuel Chenery Damon, the eldest son of Samuel and Alony Chenery Damon, was born in Holden, February 15th, 1815. He was graduated from Amherst College in 1836; studied at Prince- ton Theological Seminary, 1838 and 1839, and was graduated from Andover Theological Seminary in 1841. Before entering on his theological studies, he was for a year principal of the academy at Salisbury, Conn. and during these studies, he acted as private tutor in a family in Burlington, N. J. While thus engaged in teaching, very flattering offers were made to him, accompanied by urgent appeals of friends, to induce him 240 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. to devote his life to business, but he remained unshaken and true to his convictions of duty. While pursuing his theological studies, it was his purpose to go as a missionary to India, and he even began the study of the Tamil language. He was ordained September 15th, 1841, and was preparing to carry out this long cherished purpose, when a most urgent call came from the Sandwich Islands for a seaman’s chaplain at the port of Honolulu. After careful and prayerful consideration, Mr. Damon surrendered his former plans, and accepted this position. He sailed from New York, March roth, 1842, via Valparaiso and Callao, and after a vogage of seven months’ duration, reached Honolulu October 1gth, 1842.’ Mr. Damon’s work at Honolulu was carried forward under the auspices of the American Seaman’s Friend Society. At the time that he entered on his work, from one hundred to one hun- dred and fifty whale ships visited the port of Honolulu every year. Dr. Damon’s own statement is as follows: ‘From 1842 to 1867, at the lowest estimate, six thousand seaman annually visited this port. During these twenty-five years, my labors were abundant, and sometimes beyond my strength.” What his labors were cannot be fully described. It was his practice to visit all these ships, to scatter Bibles, Testaments and tracts, and to converse personally with as many of the sailors as possi- ble. For forty-two years, he was pastor of the Bethel Church, and preached there every Sunday, not only to sailors, but also to merchants, sea captains and many others, who were drawn to this well-known place of worship. Aside from his duties as a seaman’s chaplain, Dr. Damon performed many other important services. Being an accepta- ble speaker, he was often called upon to give addresses on pub- lic occasions, and he held a prominent position in missionary associations, as well as in all institutions organized on the Hawaiian Islands for charity and education. He was not only an able speaker, but also a ready writer. Only three months after his arrival at Honolulu, he began the publication of a ‘A manuscript note, in the handwriting of Dr. Damon, gives the date as Och 27." PERSONAL NOTICES. 241 monthly journal, which he called “The Friend.” This periodi- cal took the place, in some respects, of a general newspaper, but, possessing both high literary merit, and a decidedly re- ligious character as well, it became not only a channel of com- munication for great multitudes on both land and sea, but also an educating and elevating agency for all that part of the world. The travels, acquaintance and influence of Dr. Damon were very extensive. In 1849 he visited Oregon and California. In 1851 he visited the United States, coming by the way of the Isthmus of Panama, returning to the Sandwich Islands in 1852. In 1861 he made a tour of the Micronesian Islands on the “Morning Star.’ In 1869 he again visited the United States, ‘ and then traveled through England, Palestine, Egypt and Greece, returning to Honolulu in 1870. In 1876 he attended the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia, also revisiting his New England home and friends. In 1880 he came once more to the United States, and then made an extended European tour, visiting England, Scotland, Germany, Austria, Switzer- land and France. It is said that he also visited China and Japan. In all these years he also carried on an extensive cor- respondence with friends and acquaintances all over the world. He married, October 6th, 1841, Julia Sherman Mills of Natick. They had five sons : Samuel Mills, born July 9th, 1843 ; died June 2d, 1844. Samuel Mills, born March 13th, 1845. Edward Chenery, born May atst, 1848. Francis Williams, born December t1oth, 1852. William Frederick, born January 11th, 1857; died Octo- ber 23d, 1879. He received the degree of Doctor of Divinity from his alma mater, Amherst College, in 1867. In 1869 he became a mem- ber of the American Antiquarian Society, and in 1879 a cor- responding member of the New England Historical and Genea- logical Society. While still a student at Andover, he was invited by his townsmen to give the address at the celebration of the centen- 242 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. nial anniversary of the town. This address was published at the request of the committee of arrangements, together with notes and an appendix, which increased the amount of matter fourfold. During his visit to the United States in 1876, he gathered considerable matter for a continuation of the history down to that time, which, however, he was never able to prepare. His death occurred February 7th, 1885, and resulted from inflammation of the brain. On the afternoon of the next day, Sunday, his funeral and burial were attended by a great throng of sorrowing triends, including the king and his ministers. “He was one of nature’s noblemen,—of fine personal appear- ance,— always pleasant, cheerful and happy,— always laboring to make others happy here and hereafter,—a truly model Chris- tianman ... . . andit may justly be said that the world was made better by his having lived in it.”" Rev. GeorGce DarLine. The Rev. George Darling was born October 24th, 1821, in the town of Sterling, but the family removed to Holden when he was an infant only six months old. He united with the Congregational Church in Holden when about fifteen years old. In the fall of 1840 he went to West Troy, N. Y., and taught school there and in that region. He was graduated from Union College in 1846, and from Princeton Theological Seminary in 1849. He was ordained at Hamilton, Ohio, July 12th, 1850, and was pastor of the Presbyterian Church in that place for about two years. Leaving the West after a severe sickness, he was called, in the fall of 1852, to the pastorate the Appleton Street, now the Eliot, Church in Lowell, where he remained between two and three years. Since then his pastorates have been at Hudson, Ohio, for fifteen years; Waupun, Wis., for sixteen years, and Oconomowoc, Wis., for two years, ‘Quoted from the remarks of Nathan Allen, M. D., at the dedication of the Damon Memorial, from which much asisstance has been derived in the prep- aration of this sketch. Rev. ELNATHAN DAVIS. PERSONAL NOTICES. 243 An elder brother of the above, Samuel D. Darling, having been graduated from Williams College in 1836, studied theol- ogy at Gilmanton, N. H.; was pastor at Yarmouth, South Royalston and Orange; in 1850 removed to Oakfield, Wis., and labored there as a home missionary until his sudden death in 1873, at the age of sixty-six years. Rey. E_natuan Davis. The Rev. Elnathan Davis, son of Ethen and Sarah Hubbard Davis, was born at Holden, August roth, 1807. He was grad_ uated from Williams College in 1834, and from East Windsor, now Hartford, Theological Seminary in 1836. He was ordained as a Congregational minister at Holden in November of that year, being at the time under appointment as a missionary of the American Board to South Africa. Dr. Paine died. November 30th, 1888. lation of books. December 8th, 1802. Jefferson. December 16th, 1820. December 21st, 1774. December 22d, 1742. Joseph Davis ordained. December 24th, 1835. cated. December 26th, 1853. etors. Gale Free Library opened for circu- DECEMBER. Mill and other buildings burned at The house of Ethan Davis burned. Rev. Joseph Avery ordained. The Church constituted, and Rev. Present Baptist meeting-house dedi- Last recorded act of the Propri- December 28th, 1892. Sesquicentennial Celebration of the organization of the Congregational Church. An Historical Address was given by the pastor, Rev. Thomas E. Babb, and many others participated in the interesting exercises. December 31st, 1807. Baptist Church constituted. CHAPTER XVIII. THE STORY RETOLD. giHiE historical address given by the author of this work at the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the town, with some supplementary matter, is printed here as it gives a brief review of the whole history of Holden, and thus may fitly close this record: Mr. PRESIDENT, FELLow CITIZENS, FRIENDS ALL :—We are met to celebrate the one hundred and fiftieth anniversary of the incorporation of Holden. That past history should be reviewed is in accordance with the common manner of such celebrations. While on the present occasion it is impossible to rehearse with fullness the annals of the past, while the most that can be done is briefly to suggest the principal events which have occurred, it certainly commends itself as fitting that we should together look back over the multiplying years and generations, and mark what is most-noteworthy in the history of our dear old town. We must look back, indeed, beyond the epoch the anniver- sary of which we celebrate. Incorporation did not create the the town. In the spring of 1741, what was officially desig- nated as “the northerly part of Worcester, commonly called North Worcester,” was already, in essential particulars, a town, unified and self-centered, fit for independence, capable of indi- vidual development. Incorporation was merely the formal recognition of the existing fact, and the legal certification of an independence which location had constrained and history had developed. 394 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Of aboriginal history there is none to relate. There are’ few traces of the presence of Indians within our borders, there is no tradition of Indian dwelling, there is no record of bloody deed of Indian warfare. Before we reach the century and a half of independent his- tory we have three-quarters of a century of dependent history. For more than seventy years this territory was a part of Wor- cester. When we remember that in 1635, before the Pilgrim had been in Plymouth for half a generation, the people in some towns began to complain that they “were straitened for want of room,” we are not surprised that thirty years later the beautiful valley of Quinsigamond, almost exactly half way between the settlements on the coast and those on the Con- necticut river, attracted the attention of the General Court. A committee, chosen in 1667, reported the next year that the territory now embracing not Holden only, but also Worcester - with its eighty-five thousand inhabitants might “supply about sixty families.” The General Court accordingly empowered the same committee to lay out an_area equal to eight miles square, and to establish a settlement. In 1674 and 1677 deeds to this territory were secured from the Nipmuck Indians.’ In 1684 it was voted out of the four hundred and eighty plots, into which the whole should be divided, two hundred should be Jaid out “at the northerly end of said plantation.” From this time our territory has been distinct. Because of Indian raitls and for still other reasons “the plantation of Quonsikamon, alias Worsterr,” grew slowly. It was incorporated as a town in 1722, when it contained scarcely fifty houses, and it is doubtful if in all the northerly part there was the rude cabin of a single bold pioneer. This, I say, is doubtful. We lack all certain. information as to the original settlement of Holden. Records are silent, tradition is dumb. Proprietors’ records, however, have been kept since 1722. In that year the proprietors of the common and undivided lands in Worcester ordered a survey of the meadow lands in this northern portion. After a survey was made, a certain number 'Damon Ilistory, pp. 63-66. THE STORY RETOLD. 395 of acres were allotted to each proprietor.' From that time for- ward those who had received their allotments became joint pro- prietors of all the undivided lands, and the management of the common and undivided lands ran parallel with the administra- tion of town affairs, but distinct from it, till the year 1853.” The first record looking to settlement here relates to the contract with Jonas Rice for burning lime. Lieutenant Jonas Rice was the first permanent settler in Worcester, and the moderator of the proprietors’ meetings which first dealt directly with our territory. Lime having been discovered in the east- ern part of this district of Worcester, in March, 1723, he contracted with the proprietors for the exclusive privilege of burning it for the term of seven years. It is not certain, however, that this led to settlement, or even to his availing himself of the contract, as, ten years later, several proprietors to whom a similar contract was offered, burned a “kill” to test the lime, which “it was thought would prove very good.” Not far from the same time, possibly a little earlier, Lieutenant Simon Davis settled west of here. 'The following is the form of record of the allotment of lands to the sev- eral proprietors : “Worcester octobr 2gth 1724 Parsuant to a vote of the Proprietors of the Common and undivided land in the north part of Worcester I have laid in said north part thirty acrs of land with one acre allowed for swagg of Chain as a first Division of land for the use of the School Said school Land lyeth on and adjoyning to the westerly side of meetinghouse hill, & bounded Every way by Common land as here discribed in the Platt surv[ey]Jed by “BENJ’A FLAGG Jun” nw 8o rod oak sé a & BG & ao 2 6 on nO Stake’ Stones nw 8o rod Comon °The last meeting of the Proprietors was held September 7th, 1844. The last recorded act was the appointment of a chainman, December 26th, 1853. 396 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. 1724 was an important year for the settlement of “ North Worcester.” January 29th, the Proprietors received a sur- veyor’s report of the amount of meadow land; March 18th, they voted to proceed “to Divide and Lay out the Common and undivided lands in the North part of Worcester”; April 29th, a committee of five was chosen to lay out “four Publique Roads Six Rods wide”; July 22d, a tax of two shilling was levied on each ten-acre lot, the first tax for local purposes ; in October the roads were laid out ; and November 2d the first actual allotment of land was made;' a second division of Jand and then a third followed till, in 1736, more than twelve thousand acres had been divided. November 14th, 1733, a petition was received by the pro- prietors from James Thompson and sixteen others, praying that the proprietors “‘would be pleased to get the Land Taxed for Building a meeting-house and settling the Gospel among them.” At this time, however, the proprietors did not grant the request, contenting themselves with the declaration at the adjourned meeting, January 16th, 1734, that they will be “ready to Give Due Encouragement toward Settling the Gospel in the North half.” At the next proprietors’ meeting, however, ' three years later, it was ordered that a suitable meeting-house be built, that “ Provision be made for supporting an orthodox minister to preach the Gospel . . . for three years next to come,” and a tax was levied of four pence per acre for the first year, three pence for the second year and two pence for the third year. The meeting-house was to be “ fifty foot long and forty foot wide and twenty Two feet between Joynts.” It stood on the site since occupied by the Damon estate.” 'See page 12. * The following was the notice of sale of the original meeting-house :— “NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that their is to be Sold at Public Auction on the Last Wednesday of this Instant at two O’Clock P. M. at the House of Lem! Abbot in Holder in Holden that Noted House in Said Town Known by the Name of the Old Publick Meeting House; their is a variety of Excelent Boards no doubt, and a Large assortment of fine Timber, which the purchaser may make Large THE STORY RETOLD. 397 It now seemed to the people here that they should be estab- lished as a distinct municipality. Their interests were entirely separate from those of Worcester. In one year, at least, Wor- cester had already released its north half part from all taxation, if the residents would care for their own roads. One great duty of towns was to provide for public worship, and one great privilege of citizens was to attend public worship. Distance made it impossible for those living in the north half to worship in Worcester. Indeed, of those who later constituted the church, the majority held membership in Rutland. As we have seen, the proprietary of Holden was entirely distinct from that of Worcester. The two were in fact, and should be in form, separate and independent. Accordingly, March 3d, 1740, Worcester willingly assented to the proposed division,' and in May, Mr. John Bigelow was chosen to carry to the General Court, at its May session, the petition of twenty-five of his fellow citizens, that they might be set off as a distinct and separate township. Unsuccessful at this session, the petition met with favor at the next. The bill for the incorporation of Holden* passed the House of improvements upon besides Some Glass and Nails all which will be sold together, or in sepperate Lots as will best accommodate the purchaser or purchasers. the Conditions of sale will be made Known at the time and place above mentioned. JAMES DAVIS, ‘March ye 16th 1791 EBEN ESTABROOk, } Committec. PAUL GOODALE, ‘““N. B. Notice is hereby given to all persons that have any Demands on said House as private property; they are Desired to Remove the same before said Day as no allowance will be made to any Person by the Town that Shall Neglect the same.” '“Voted that ye Northrly part of the Town Comonly Called North Wor- cester agreeable to ye Pertition Line formerly Run be Set of a Distinct & Seperate Township if it be ye pleasure of ye grate & General Court in Con- sideration of Their grate Distance from ye place of public worship.” Wor- cester Town Records. 2“ AN ACT FOR ERECTING THE NORTHERLY PART OF THE TOWN OF WORCESTER, INTO A DISTINCT AND SEPARATE TOWNSHIP, BY THE NAME OF HOLDEN. ““WHEREAS the inhabitants of the northerly part of the town of Wor- cester, commonly called North Worcester, by reason of the great difficulties 398 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. Representatives January 2d, 1740 old style, 1741 new style, and was signed by the Governor January gth. By another act passed in March, Mr. Bigelow was authorized to assemble the qualified voters on the first Monday in May, which was done. Making no allowance for change of calendar, on the gth of last January, Holden had been one hundred and fifty years in- corporated; on the 4th of last May it had been one hundred and fifty years an organized municipality. And how many and who were these who heroically assumed the responsibilities of a new town, and served religion and education? It seems almost insidious to choose any names from the lists of our first families, yet time forbids the men- tion of many. Lieutenant Simon Davis was Moderator of the first and of many succeeding town meetings, selectman and tithing man; Cyprian Stevens was the first town clerk; one of.the first selectmen was Captain John Bigelow who had been the bearer to the General Court of the petition for incorpora- tion. With these were others as worthy. The Rev. Mr. Davis in his sermon preached here fifty years after his ordina- they labour under, have addressed this court to be set off a separate and dis- tinct township, whereto the inhabitants of sd town have manifested their consent,— “BE IT ENACTED by His Excellency the Governor, Council and Representatives in General Court assembled, and by the authority of the same, ‘“That the northerly part of the town of Worcester, within the following bounds; vizt., bounding, southeasterly, on the lines dividing the north and south proprieties in said town, and is known by the name of the dividing line; westerly, partly on the town of Leicester, and partly on the town of Rutland; north-westerly on said town of Rutland, and easterly on the town of Shrewsbury, be and hereby is set off from the town of Worcester, and erected into a separate and distinct township, by the name of Holden. *» And the inhabitants thereof be and hereby are vested with all the powers, priviledges and immunities which the inhabitants of other towns within this province do or by law ought to enjoy. ‘Provided nevertheless, ‘«That the said new town shall pay their proportionable part of all such province and county taxes as are already assessed upon the town of Worces- ter in like manner as if this act had never been made.” Copied from Volume If. of the Provincial Statutes, published by authority of the State, omitting, however, the insertions of the Editors. 5 THE STORY RETOLD. 399 tion, says that the people numbered in 1741, all told, twenty families. The names of perhaps forty men have, however, been preserved as active in town, as poll tax payers, or as church members, before the close of the year 1743.' And what had they for a “setting out” wherewith to begin munici- pal housekeeping? Their rude homes were new, for few houses in town were ten years old; consequently within and without they lacked much of convenience and comfort which they later gathered about them.” So far as the records show, only four 'The following were the signers of the petition dated May 13th, 1740, and presented to the General Court by John Bigelow: Simon Davis, James Smith, Timothy Brown, Abraham Newton, Samuel Davis, James Cowdin, Jonathan Lovell, Thomas Broad, John McConkey, Cyprian Stevens, Samuel Clark, James Caldwell, James Gray, William Clark, Joseph Woolley, Jotham Bigelow, John Child, William Cowdin, David Cowdin, Benjamin Bigelow, Thomas McMullin, Samuel Hubbard, David Brown, Joseph Hubbard, Sam- uel Heywood. The following early members of the church are not included in the above list: John Fletcher, William Nichols, Jabez Harrington, Samuel Pierce, Amos Heywood, Samuel Bennett, Eleazar Davis. °The ordinary supply of tools and household conveniences may be judged from the following inventory of the estate of Cyprian Stevens, a prominent citizen of the town—four times Selectman in the first six years of its history. “A True Inventory of all and Singular the Goods Chattels and Credets of Cyprian Stevens Late of Holden in the County of Worcester Gent. Prized at said Holden the 15th Day of May Ano Dom. 1754 by James Moore Jabez Beamon and Samuel Peirce &c as followeth, £ Be d. Imprimis his Apparel 04 02 oo Item his Books 00 08 00 Item his half-pike and Sword 00 06 co To one Yoke of Oxen 08 00 00 To four Cowes 09 09 00 To Three Heifers 05 07 00 To Two Paier of Steres O4 19 00 To one Mare and Colt og 00 00 To Riding Furniture 00 16 To Swine 03 00 co To one Carte and Wheels 02 O5 00 To one Seed-plow 00 09 00 To one Chain and Horse Traeeses 00 13 oo To one Shovel and two Forkes 00 06 00 To Two Axes and two Sawes ol 02 00 To Square and other Carpenter Tooles 00 09 00 400 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. roads had been laid out. The town property consisted of the new meeting-house, destitute of pulpit, pew and even floor, which indeed was still in the hands of the proprietors, and was not surrendered till some time after.’ It was thus, rich only To three Sythes and three hoanes oo o7 00 To Beetel-ring, wedges and old Irion oo 10 {ole} To Grane 03 06 oo To Hand-Irions fireslice Tongs and Troimels Ol o4 oo To Iron pott kittels Skillite and frying-pan oo 12 00 To Warming-pan candel-stick Box-Iron and Skimer oo 05 00 To Puter wessels and Wooden-Ware Ol 16 oO To two Beds and Bedsteds and their furniture 04 {ele} oo To two Beds more and their furniture 04 14 oo To Linen and Flax Ol 10. oo To Chestes and Tables co 12 oo To one Loom one Slay and two Spining wheels ol 07 00 To Chaiers dri cask Sider bariels and Indore lumber o1 05 oo To one Dri Hide 00 06 00 To one Large Ioron Kettel 00 08 00 To Hooseing and Land and Pue in the meeting House 460 00 00 Z S. d. Sum Total §52 13 oo ‘at a meeting of the Proprietors of Holden by an adjournment at the Light house Tavern, Boston, augt 14: 1744 ‘cat said meeting the following report was made & accepted In observance to a vote of the Proprietors of Holden at their meeting at the Light house Tavern in King street Boston upon tuseday the 17th day of April last, we accordingly attended upon the affair Submitted to us by said Proprietors & went to Holden and there mett together the second tuseday of June Instant and took a view of the meeting house built in said Town by the said Proprietors, and heard what the Inhabitants had to say respecting the finishing the same and makeing & Disposing of pews in said house—and are of opinion that the said Proprietors be at the Charge of finishing said House so far as may be Necessary for the accommodation of the Present Inhabitants and that Sundry pewes are alredy Built and more are required to be built in said meeting House for the accommodation of those that de- sire Pew’s Evento the Number of twenty-Two takeing in the Two hind seats for the doing that Number, Reserving to som of the Non resident Pro- prietors Two three, or not more than four of said Pews, & one for the Min- istry, and the remainder to the Present Inhabitants. & are further of opinion that the Proprietors should pay to the Inhabitants the Charge they have been at in building the pulpitt, & the Body of Seats be low and that Each person that shall have a Pew, be at the Charge of Building it, & Cielling it up to the Girt, Exept the Charg of the Pew to the Ministry, and we are fur- THE STORY RETOLD. 401 in the empty but strong hands, and full and strong hearts of its citizens, that Holden began as Holden, a century and a half ago. Before we turn away from the obscure records of the earliest years, interesting and important so far as they have been pre- served, it remains to notice and name two of the worthies of that day. For eighteen years, from 1725 to 1743, Colonel Adam Winthrop was Moderator of all the meetings of the proprietors. Holden, as well as Worcester, profited much in those days by his enterprise and sagacity. As a mark of their grateful respect, he was allowed in the first, the second, and the third divisions of land, his first choice of land. He well deserves what Dr. Damon said of him fifty years ago, ‘He emphatically may be called a father of the town.” Mention must also be made of him for whom the town was named, the Hon. Samuel Holden, who was a prince among London mer- chants, a director of the Bank of England, and a member of Parliament, an earnest Christian man and a leader in Christian beneficence,' who was the architect of his own fortune, and ther of opinion that when that said meeting house is finished, and the pews disposed of that the Proprietors then Resign up the said Meeting house to the Inhabitants of said Town they submitting themselves to the votes of the Proprietors and Further that if the Proprietors accept of what is a bove proposed that then we or som other comtee, they shall appoint pro- ceed to the disposal of said Pews all which is humbly submitted,” Pro- prietors’ Records. | “Bur give me leave to refozce in the distinguishing Honours of Providence and Grace to the Deceased Mr. HoLpEn, that he seem’d to be ove of the Ser- vants with ve Talents ; in as much as it pleased GOD in his early Youth to jx him (as he once wrote to me) in those Principles and Inclinations which rul’d in him thro’ his Life; and then being rais’d to great /?7ches, and endued with uncommon Powers of Mind, and his /xtegrity with his Capacity being manifest to all about him, together with his Déligence ¢n Business which renders one fit to Stand before Princes; the eyes of City and Court also were in time set upon him, his Honesty and Prudence commanding their /steem ; and so he came to shine not only at the Head of the DiIssENTERS, that great and good Body both in the British Church and State; but also at the Head of the Bank of England, and on ¢hese Accounts (as 1 have heard) was even courted and constrained by the MINISTRY into a Seat in Parl‘ament! And now the Wonder of Grace to him and in him was, that amidst so many and great Avocation and Incumbrances from the World, the Svercs and 4 d 4o2 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. who gave as grandly as he accumulated; whose benefactions, together with those of his family, to college and church in the New World amounted to no less than £10,000. May Holden ever be worthy of the honored name which she bears. Town officers were elected on the 4th of May, 1741, and two weeks later was held the first meeting for the transaction of town business. The records deserve to be read in full. *¢ Att a Genaral meeting of y* Inhabitance of ye Town of Holden on y@ nine teenth Day of may Anna Domani 1741 Leagaly Assem- bleyed. Mr Simon Davis was Chose a moderator for this meeting ‘¢(r) voted to have y¢ Gospel preached in Sd Town ‘¢(2) voted to have y¢ Gospel Preached for Six Sabaths forward after the next Sabbeth. “*(3) voted that Samuel Peirce Willam Nickels and Thomas Mcmollen be a Committe to provide a minister and a place for his Entertainment “*(4) voted to haue a wrigting and reading Schoole kept in Sd Town voted to have it Three months to begin att the first of Sep- tember next the parsons hereafter named ware Chosen a Committe to provide a School master viz Cyprian Stevens and Samvel Thomson *¢(5) voted to build a Surficant pound in Sd Town voted that all parsons in Sd Town come to the age of Sixteen years shall attend the work of erecting Sd pound on the Twenty fifth Day of this Instant may or pay ten Shilings per man ‘*(6) voted that fifty pounds Shall be Raised to Defray Charg of preaching and Schooling ‘This meeting is solved ” Thus simply and grandly did the fathers lift the burdens which incorporation laid upon them. As it is well expressed Temptations of so many of its Glorées; his Eyes were not dazled with its glittering shows, nor his /Vear¢ taken off, but the rather the more settled on the infinitely greater and eternal Blessedness of Heaven; the care of his own Soul, the temporal and spiritual Good of Mankind as far as his Influence could reach; that hereby he might please, honour and glorify GOD in his Generation, maintain a Life of communion with Him and Devotedness to Him, and make to himself Pr/euds of the Mammon of Unrightcousness, that at Death he might be received into Mauns/ons of Light, and everlasting Hah- étations.” Sermon of Dr. Benjamin Colman before the General Court, pad: THE STORY RETOLD. 403 in the hymn, which, written for the celebration fifty years ago, we have just made a part of ours to-day, “First in their noble thoughts and plans, The love and worship, Lord, of Thee; Then, the strong training of their youth The love of Man and Liberty.” As soon as possible a church was organized, with fourteen constituent members, all of whom were men, and the same day, December 22d, 1742, Rev. Joseph Davis, a son of Lieutenant Simon Davis, was ordained as the first pastor of the young church and town. The meeting-house was then completed ;' schools were kept year after year in different parts of the town, wherever room could be found for them, and road mak- ing was carried forward as rapidly as possible. The one hundred and fifty years of our history as a town very naturally fall into six periods, each of twenty-five years. Within the borders of the town, one of the most memorable events of the first quarter-century was the earthquake of 1755, the effects of which were quite widely felt, but were nowhere more marked than in Holden, chiefly in that district later set off to form the town of West Boylston. At the time Rev. Mr. Mellen, pastor in Lancaster, says that several acres of land were “quite surrounded by a visible fracture in the earth, of a circular form, of various width and depth,” and_ vividly describes the effects especially upon the trees.” It is said that ‘May 24th, 1743, the town ‘‘ voted that there be a desent pue built att ye cost and charge of ye Town at ye west end of ye meeting house next to ye pulpet Stares and to be for ministral use.” 2 At the north east corner of the town of //o/dex, ina low obscure place, there are several acres of land quite surrounded by a visible FRACTURE in the earth, of a gircular form, and of various width and depth. “A small rocky river is upon the north, and other-ways chiefly covered by a steep hill, set with thick wood. ‘“‘The breach upon the hilly sides is upon the declivity of the hill, and isa perpendicular sinking of the ground, in some places more than the heighth of a man, but without any presen? opening. ‘“The trees on each side of the breach by this means, being thrown into various directions, and sometimes crossing one another, over head at right angles, sometimes thrown out by the roots. ‘“‘Upon the less uneven land is vow a rupture of different dimensions, not 4O4 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. the marks of this convulsion may still be traced. Twice dur- ing this period the little town was desolated by sickness, in 1749 twenty-two dying, and then in 1756 a pestilence break- ing out here, which caused the death of forty-five persons, almost one-tenth of the population, and then spread to other towns with consequences as lamentable. As regards matters beyond our own borders, the citizens of Holden shared in the courageous and patient endeavors of the New Englanders against Louisburg and in the French and ‘Indian war. Edward Everett says that the people of Massachu- setts, between 1755 and 1763, “performed an amount of mili- tary service, probably never exacted of any other people, living under a government professing to be free.” Careful estimates show that the thirty thousand population of this county sent nine thousand men into the war; our mother town, from four- teen hundred inhabitants sent five hundred. Though in conse- quence of the incompleteness of the muster rolls, the names of only twenty of those who went from a little community of less very deep or yawning, but sometimes dividing it self into ¢wo, and fre- quently emitting cracks to some distance from its main body; the ground being thereby very much broken into pieces, and some large masses intirely dis-joined from the rest. ‘Upon the River side it is easy to see where the rupture was, but at pres- ent there is no opening, only a sand that seems to have been thrown out, and a great dislocation of the stones of vast bigness in the channel, The old channel is indeed in great measure block’d up, and seems to be rads’d something answerable to the sézkéng of the land at the hill, and causes a considerable /a// of the water where it is said there us’d to be little or none: and this is not improbable from circumstances which seem to demonstrate that this whole body of earth when torn from the hill, was push’d several feet towards the River. ‘« The stump of a tree that happened to stand directly over the chasm, on the east, is divided into two equal parts, one standing upon the outside of the chasm, the other upon the inside, but not opposite to each other, the half within the chasm being carried five feet forward towards the River. ‘*A large log also that crosses the breach upon the same side, is dislodged from its ancient bed at the end lying without the chasm, but retains its former situation within. The same thing is seen in the roots of a tree that is turned up in the chasm upon the opposite side to the west. ‘*Some trees that stood upon the margin of the river tumbled into it, and notwithstanding the large quantity of earth hanging to their roots, the THE STORY RETOLD. 405 than five hundred, have been preserved, yet we do not fear that Holden fell behind her sister towns in faithfulness and valor. We know of at least one, Sergeant Ephraim Bennett, who died in actual service on the Crown Point expedition in 1755. In the second quarter-century of our history, the Rev- olution came, and men found profit even in the sacrifices and the losses, which the colonies had borne. These hardships had trained heroes, who could wrest liberty even from England herself. In 1768 Mr. Davis records the observance by the church of “a day of Fasting and Prayer on account of the Aspects of divine Providence in our public affairs.’ But prayer could not avert the storm. Peace could come only by the sword, liberty by Revolution. The temper of our citizens in this crisis is displayed in the following resolutions, two out of fourteen which were drawn up and passed in response to a pamphlet from Boston contain- ing resolutions and an appeal. ‘*(1) Resolved that Liberty both Religious & Civil is a most Precious and Enestimable Gift of the Great & Glorious Creator of place from which it was taken is not left void, but the earth behind has come forward and clos’d up the breach. The turf also at the channel, is in some places doubled over and crowded together. “‘T very lately saw this remarkable place, with a view at publishing the account of it here. It has been seen by many people, and some of them per- sons of some distinction. “Tt seems probable that the eruption and swelling was greater at the River than in any other part; which may possibly account in some measure for the descent of the other land that way, which in the general lay a little higher: and this might help to continue the channel in its rais’d situation. ‘“‘T observ’d upon a little hillock not far from the center of the circumfer- ence, a small quantity of fine sand spread upon the leaves, which seem’d to be spewed out of the earth, and a little spring to appearance of a strong mineral tincture, ouzing thro’ it, and falling down its sides. ‘“‘Had only such a rupture as this happened in a place inhabited and set with houses, the terrible effects of it are not hard to conceive. And it ought to be improv’d as an admonition to thankfulness, and readiness for such a like event.” A Sermon Delivered June 16, 1756. At the Second Parish in Lancaster. By Jon MELLEN, A. M., Pastor of the Church of Christ there, Bosfon: 1756, pp. 8-11. 406 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. all things granted to all Rational Creatures: neither can any Person or Persons innocently give or Sell it away from himself any more than he can take it from another ‘<(2dy) If any have been so unhappy as to Surrender their Liberty such Act of theirs Cannot induce any Moral Obligation of Servitude on them Personally Espicially ; if they were Enslaved by irresistable Power: surely then it Cannot reasonably hind their Successors in every future Generation” Our fathers, however, were not ready to make universal application of the principles which they so forcibly stated. The following paper, executed a year and a half before the reso- lutions which I have just read, but not recorded until four years after their date, seems not without interest and_per- tinency. *¢ Know all Men by these presents that I, Joseph Harrington of Weston, in the County of Middlesex in the province of Massachu- setts Bay in New England Gent" for & in Consideration of Fifty Pounds Lawfull Money of the Province aforesaid, to me in hand paid by Nathan Harrington of Holden in ye County of Worcester, Yeo- man, the Receipt whereof I do Acknowledge & myself therewith fully & intirely Satisfied, have Bargained, Sold Set over & delivered & do by these Presents according to Law Bargain Sell Set over & deliver unto the Said Nathan Harrington a Negro Man named Bos- ton, about Twenty Five years of Age, to have & to Hold to the Proper use and behoof of him the Said Nathan Harrington,” and so on to the end of legal verbage. There is every reason to suppose that poor Boston was serving in Holden’ while the citizens were declaring and declaiming in favor of liberty, and they may every one of them have been utterly unconscious of the inconsistency. But liberty fought out brought yet wider liberty in its train, till at last it has been proclaimed to all the inhabitants of the land. What the men of Holden voted for, they were ready to fight for. The researches of Dr. Damon gathered the names 'In 1765 there were two negroes in town. In 1777 the tax levied on the Negro named Pole was abated; the latter was a member of the church in 1743. THE STORY RETOLD. {07 of thirty-five who served in the Continental Army, and of forty more who went out as militia men. One in every ten of the total population bore arms in the cause of freedom. Thomas Heard was killed in warfare near Saratoga, Moses Wheeler and Jeremiah Fuller died amid the agony of Valley Forge. The only commissioned officer from Holden in the Continental Army, Captain George Webb, received the high but deserved honor of a special letter of thanks from General Lafayette. Scarcely less interesting is the story of the struggles of those who remained at home to meet the requisitions so often made upon them. Bounties were voted to volunteers, large quantities of beef were called for and sent to feed the army, clothing and blankets were gathered up from the homes of the people, doubtless leaving many a household destitute of needed comforts, for freedom’s sake. It may also be noted that in the long days of the struggle Holden involuntarily became a refuge for the Tories, who fled in needless fear from Worcester and fortified themselves for a time on Stone House Hill, and that amid the distresses of debt and disaster which followed the war, scarcely less dreadful than war itself, some of the citizens of Holden sympathized with the movement known as Shays’ Rebellion, and a few actually joined the Regulators. In January, 1773, after one month more than thirty years of pastoral service, Rev. Joseph Davis, at his own request, was dismissed from his office, although he continued to reside here, serving in the work of the ministry as occasion offered until his death in 1799, at the age of seventy-nine years. After an interval of about two years, Rev. Joseph Avery was ordained as pastor, to hold the office nearly fifty years. The closing event of the first half-century of our history was the building of a new meeting-house, on the lot given to the Town for public uses by John Hancock in 1789. When this period closed, Holden had a population of about eleven hundred. The valuation was thirty-five thousand pounds, and the appropriations were one hundred and thirty pounds for highways, seventy pounds for schools and sixty pounds for 408 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. necessary charges, aside from the usual salary of Mr. Avery, sixty-six pounds, thirteen shillings and four pence, which would make the rate of taxation $7.45 on the $1,000. At this time, however, highway taxes were worked out at the rate of four shillings per day for a man, and two shillings for a yoke of oxen with plough or cart. It may be noted in passing that all taxes were reckoned in pounds, shillings and pence till 1797, and highway taxes were not reckoned in dollars and cents till 1806. The second quarter-century closed with the building of a new meeting-house, the third period began with school-house building. The town set apart four hundred pounds, and soon almost all the districts or “squadrons,” as they were then called, were supplied with buildings commodious and convenient for the times. During this period the old church had remarkable quicken- ing and growth. The closing years.of the eighteenth century and the opening years of the nineteenth were an era of wide- spread irreligion and immorality. For fifty years the church had scarcely received on an average one male member a year. From 1801 to 1808 not one was received. The first religious revival which had ever touched the town brought nearly ninety members into the church in 1809. The Baptist Church was organized in 1807, and grew steadily amid this revival spirit. There were, however, serious ecclesiastical difficulties during this period. Not long before 1800, the introduction of instru- ments of music into the choir roused an antagonism, which it required all Mr. Avery’s skill to quiet. Still more important were the questionings and controversies, contemporaneous with the rise of the Unitarian denomination. The deepening religious spirit of many on the one hand, the increasingly “liberal” temper of many on the other hand were elements hard to hold in combination. Only such patience, tact and wisdom as Mr. Avery had and used, could have prevented the old church from being rent in twain, as were so many of the old churches of the Commonwealth. It would be very interest- ing to study the articles of faith which he drew up for the THE STORY RETOLD. 409 church in 1811, but unfortunately they had already been lost half a century ago. This third period closes with the distressful years before and during the war of 1812. From the policy of the nation at that time, Holden suffered like all of New England. Against it Holden used to the utmost its voice and vote. In July, 1812, the town adopted a petition to Congress against the declaration of war, drawn by a committee of which Rev. Mr. Avery was chairman (as he usually was when important papers were to be drawn), and in the elections which followed, for Representative in Congress, President and Governor respectively, only eleven Democratic votes were cast, as against one hundred and ninety-five Federalist votes for Gov- ernor. How many of our citizens actually served as soldiers, we do not know, but in 1815 the town voted “to give the three men that went on government service eight dollars per month to each of them.” This closes perhaps the most troublous period in our annals. During most of this period there was no growth or develop- ment of the town. In 1810, the population (one thousand sev- enty-two) was actually less than twenty years before. In 1809, however, was begun at Unionville, by Eleazer Rider & Sons, the manufacturing of cotton yarn, almost the first business of the kind in all Worcester County, the dawn of our bright industrial day. Passing now from the half of our history, in which the his- torian is dependent on brief records and meagre tradition, to the half which lies within the knowledge and memory of not a few who hear me, we may well pause for a moment to consider the work and worth of those who were, in a pre-eminent sense, the makers of this town, and in their own sphere and _ propor- tion, the makers of the Commonwealth and of the nation. A vast amount of labor was performed in the first half of our history. To all who live here now, may be said, “ Other men labored, and ye have entered into their labors.” The pioneers of Massachusetts had not, like the pioneers of the New West, the momentum of a great nation and of an over- 410 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. flowing continent, and the accumulation of centuries to aid them. With little equipment beyond his axe, his plough and his strong hands, the settler struggled with the wilderness ; cleared away the forest ; erected his simple cottage which affection, intelligence and piety made a home, better than which, in all essentials, the world has never seen; fought the wolf, the crow and the rattlesnake ;' forced the coy earth to yield the corn and the flax, from which the housewife, a help for him, meet to share alike his labors and his honors, wrought food and clothing; built roads; bound every stream to a saw, and made it, like Samson, to grind in a mill; receiving with meekness the word of God’s minister, yet blazed his own path through the mysteries alike of theology and of statecratt ; and, under the influence of the New England home, the New Eng- land school-house, and the New England church, trained up a generation, likewise industrious, liberty-loving and God-fearing. Was not this a task for heroes, and were they not heroes, who wrought it so well in Holden? In the words of the honored man, who half a century ago in this very place so impressively told their story, “‘ Honest, intelligent, industrious and religious ancestors are among the richest of Heaven’s blessings to any people. Citizens of Holden, God has bestowed upon you that inestimable blessing. The wise man hath well observed, ‘The glory of children are their fathers.’” The twenty-five year period which rounded out our munici- pal century was one of the least eventful in our annals. Dur- ing these quiet years the town steadily prospered, increasing in population more than in any other similar period since the 1 Holden May 24, 1742. Voted to make a Rate for killing of black burds Jay burds woodpeckers and Rattel Snaikes: voted that aney that kill aney of these Varmon Shall have Sixpence pr head old Tener.” ‘*Holden, May 14, 1792. Voted for the Town to Give a Bounty of two shillings for Every Crow aney of the Inhabitants of the Town shall Kill for one Year from this Day. ‘+ Voted that every person shall Carry the head of the Crow he Kills to the selectmen and the Selectmen pay the above Bounty therefor.” Town Records. Similar votes appear in 1808 and 1814. THE STORY RETOLD. fir first, and making a greater proportional gain in manufacturing than during any other period. In 1822 Rev. Joseph Avery, having almost finished a half century of service, was constrained rather than consented to cease the active duties of the pastorate, which he had so long and so well discharged, though he bore the title and received part of the salary of pastor till he died, two years later. Like his predecessor, he dwelt among this people to the end of his days, and each hill which overlooks the Center is consecrated by the dwelling there of a good minister of Jesus Christ. October 22d, 1823, Rev. Horatio Bardwell became pastor of the Congregational Church. Ten years later, almost to a day, October 24th, 1833, pressing his second resignation against the wish of his people, in order to engage in work for foreign missions, which he loved so well, he was dismissed from his pastorate, and the same day Rev. William P. Paine was ordained and installed as his successor. Several large revivals marked this period, the most marked’ being in 1830, when more than two hundred united with the two churches, of which some of you are witnesses. In 1820 stoves were introduced in the old meeting-house. Then, -in 1828, it was moved back to its present site and thoroughly repaired, a belfry was added and a bell purchased. With the dismissal of Mr. Bardwell and the coming of Dr. Paine, the relation which from the beginning had subsisted between the town and the Congrega- tional Church was severed, and ecclesiastical doings found no more places in the town records. During this period the Baptist Church built two meeting- houses. The first was built in 1819 on the site just north of the Damon Memorial, and being found too small was succeeded by the present building in 1838. November 14th, 1836, was held the first town meeting in the new Town Hall, erected at a cost of $4,000. The schools were greatly helped during this period by the regular visits of a committee of supervision, of which Mr. Bardwell, whose visits are still remembered pleasantly by those who were children then, was chairman as long as he remained A412 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. in town, and then the office passed .to Dr. Paine, who discharged its duties for more than thirty years with scarcely a break. On the other hand, about the same time the districts were authorized to manage all their own affairs, and perhaps this complete isolation worked a fully counter-balancing damage. During the latter part of this quarter-century the question of temperance became a burning issue. Dr. Paine tells us that in 1833 it entered seriously into the choice of a minister, and that public opinion was greatly divided. The preponderance of sentiment was, however, on the side of temperance. In 1835 it was voted, one hundred and fifteen to forty-five, not to license the sale of liquors in town. In 1838, on a quiet summer morning, Philip Edwards, while passing peaceably to his work, was attacked with an axe and butchered by a neighbor who had been crazed by the use of intoxicating liquors. The friends of temperance, led by Dr. Paine, whose printed sermon’ remains as a witness, well used this tremendous argument for temperance. In 1839 the petitioners against the repeal of the '* A Sermon Occasioned by the Murder of Philip Edwards. By William P. Paine. Worcester, 1838 ” The text of this discourse was Job xxiv, 14: ‘‘ The murderer, rising with the light, killeth the poor and needy.” The heads of the discourse were : ‘first. .An uncommon and important event generally makes a much deeper impression, in the place where it occurs, than anywhere else. ‘* Secondly. We are taught, by this awful event, the importance of always being prepared for eternity. ‘* Thirdly. Our sympathy, prayers and assistance, are due to those, whose interest[s] have been especially affected by this melancholy catastrophe. *“ Fourthly. Tt is obvious that the shocking event under consideration was caused by the use of intoxicating liguor. ‘“ Fifthly, that the use of alcoholic liquors, as articles of drink, is dan- gerous. “Sithly. Intoxicating liquor ought not to be used as a drink. ‘« Seventhly. The traffic in intoxicating liquors ought to cease.” The discourse concludes in these words : ‘‘T appeal to you all for the sake of purity and peace and safety—for the sake of injured innocence—for the sake of broken-hearted and affrighted wives, of sorrowing children and suffering families—for the sake of every- thing dear here and hereafter, to do, w ithout delay, all that is practicable to protect yourselves, and your families, and this whole community, from that subtle demon—that demon of perdition—the drivk of destruction.” THE STORY RETOLD. 413 stringent act of 1838 were one hundred and seventy-four and only eighty-six favored the repeal, while the women, three hundred and fifty-five in number, unanimously petitioned for its retention. The vote on the late prohibitory amendment was one hundred and sixty-one to seventy-nine. With the year 1841 came the centennial of the town. It was becomingly celebrated May 4th, under the direction of a committee chosen at a citizens’ meeting, and the well- remembered exercises have of late been often in the minds and mouths of many of you. A son of the town, later widely known as the Rev. Samuel C. Damon, D. D., of Honolulu, gave the Historical Address, afterwards published with addi- tional matter, and after a dinner served in the Town Hall to three hundred and twenty persons, there was appropriate and interesting speaking. This mile-stone past, we enter another quiet period in the life of Holden. There was no increase in population, though there was a decided gain in property. The old Congregational Church was all the time led by Dr. Paine. The Baptist Church maintained itself, but attempts to establish Methodist, Adven- tist and Universalist Churches all were unsuccessful. No public buildings, except school-houses, were built or repaired, In 1854 land was secured for a new burial ground, and August 24th, occurred the formal dedication of the Grove Cemetery, the site of which is by nature fine and rarely suited to its use, and which, by the filial piety of two daughters of Holden, has been beautified with an entrance which eminent authority pronounces unsurpassed in any similar town. However quiet in home affairs, the period ending in 1866 must yet be a period of glory on account of our share in the Civil War. I need not rehearse the story at large,—how the North was suddenly plunged unprepared into the desperate struggle, and fought for four long years, till at last treasure and blood, poured out without stint, cemented again the Union. Alike in timeliness and in relative amount of service, Holden stood among the first of all the towns of the Common- wealth. At the first summons, in the very week which was ree : HISTORY OF HOLDEN. ushered in by the cannonade of Fort Sumter, the Holden Rifles enlisted as a company, and Saturday, April 2oth, left Worcester for the seat of war, while the women of Holden with hearts distracted by the pain of parting and patriotic pride, gathered Sunday in the Town Hall to work for them. Thirty-one names stand on the records of the town of those who instantly sprang to the defence of the assaulted flag. Long as that flag waves shall the story of the promptness of the Holden Rifles be told to their own honor and the honor of Holden. After three months’ service the Rifles returned with ranks unbroken by casualty to receive the enthusiastic public welcome of the town. Many of them quickly re-enlisted for three years, or the war, and many other noble young men with them. For four years, call for soldiers fast followed call, but Holden more than met all demands, and when the war closed this little town of less than two thousand inhabitants had furnished two hundred and four soldiers, four more than her full quota. As in the Revolution, the number of soldiers was more than one in ten of the total population. Eleven had been commissioned officers. Meantime those who remained at home had as nobly carried the financial burdens necessarily imposed. The amcunt expended by the town in bounties and aid, besides what was repaid by the state, was no _ less than $8,000. Upon the marble tablets set in the Town Hall by the Holden Soldiers’ Monument Association as a permanent memorial of loyalty, valor and patience unto death, are recorded the names of thirty of our soldiers who were martyrs as well as heroes. They should be read in our hearing to-day: Uriah Bassett, killed; George T. Bigelow, killed; H. Erskine Black, died ; Levi Chamberlain, killed; Edward Clark, died; Albert Creed, died of wounds; Elisha G. Davenport, killed ; Henry M. Fales, killed; John Fearing, died of wounds; Charles Gibbs, died; James W. Goodnow, died in prison ; James W. Haley, died; John Handley, killed; Henry M. Holt, died; John R., Houghton, died; Amasa A. Howe, died in prison ; Calvin Hubbard, died in prison; George T. Johnson, THE STORY RETOLD. its died ; Ira J. Kelton, died of wounds ; Lyman E. Keyes, killed ; Frank Lumazette, died of wounds; Harlan P. Moore, died ; George W. Newell, died of wounds; William C. Perry, died ; Michael Riley, killed ; Winslow B. Rogers, died; John B. Sav- age, died in prison ; George Thurston, died of wounds; Horace L. Truesdell, died of wounds; Alfred S. Tucker, died in in prison. Their fellow-soldiers in the Grand Army of the Republic, who honor this occasion with their presence, yearly decorate the graves of those who sleep among their kindred. Be it ours, whenever the mother town counts her jewels, to reckon as the most priceless of all, the steadfast daring of her heroic sons. Let me but adda partial roll of the battles in which some of our heroes fell: Chantilly, Antietam, Cold Harbor, Newbern, Drury’s Bluff, Spottsylvania, Welden Rail- road, the Wilderness! What memories these names evoke! Need we go further for proof of Holden’s worthy share in the suppression of the great Rebellion? Needs Holden praise indeed, what praise is possible, beyond this, that her citizens and soldiers, to the music of the Union, kept step with Massachusetts ? The sixth and last period needs no detailed record. It is too familiar to all. In 1871 the Boston, Barre & Gardner Railroad was opened for travel, its building involving the town in heavy indebtedness and yet a necessity to our prosperity, The Massachusetts Central Railroad, after a prolonged struggle with great financial difficulties, has at last been opened asa through .ine. In 1876 the Town Hall was repaired, enlarged, and made a “Memorial” of our fallen soldiers. The Baptist church was refitted in 1874, and immediately afterward the Congregational church was remodelled. A little later, the honored Dr. Paine, after more than forty-one years of active labors, became “ pastor emeritus,’ and in 1876 he fell asleep, the last of the four pastors who had filled the long period of one hundred and thirty-five years with service of that church and the whole community. The Roman Catholic parish, established early in this period, has already outgrown its first 416 IIISTORY OF HOLDEN. church, and just now enters the fine edifice consecrated last Sunday. The cyclone, which mowed a swath of destruction through the town, passing near the Center, was fortunately attended with no loss of life and comparatively little damage to person or property, but will always be memorable for its power, and for its terrible possibilities. In respect to schools there has been great progress in the last quarter-century. In 1866 $2,100 was appropriated, and in 1891 $6,700, Holden standing first of all the municipalities of Worcester County in the percentage of its taxable property devoted to schools, and seventh in the whole Commonwealth. The town that marches in the foremost rank in Massachusetts, marches in the foremost rank in the land. Early in this period, to great advantage, the whole management of the schools was vested in the Town School Committee. The last advance step in administration is the appointment of a superintendent. A High School was established in 1880, from which fully forty have already been graduated. School-houses have been stead- ily improved, that built in Jefferson in 1885 being one in which any country town might justly take pride, but the one ordered to take its place almost before its ashes were cold, being finer yet. The Public Library, founded in 1876 by the Library Association, has been made over to the town, increased by gifts and appropriations to more than three thousand six hundred volumes, which constitute a collection of unusua! merit, and, with the reading room, is open free to all citizens more hours weekly than the library of any similar town. _ Still more, the Library, as well as the High School, has been provided in the “Damon Memorial” with a home which is the pride of our town, and the admiration of all behbolders, the gift of our hon- ored friends, Mr. and Mrs. Samuel C. Gale, whose absence to- day we regret. Looking back now, half a century, we see great prosperity. Our population has increased fifty per cent., and the value of the property in town has doubled, and instead of the twenty paupers reported in 1837, we now report but four. The THE STORY RETOLD. 417 amount, as well as the value, of our farm products has greatly increased. We cultivate two hundred acres more than in 1831, and devote to pasture one thousand acres more, while of our twenty thousand acres, only four hundred and twenty-five belong to abandoned farms. Meantime manufactures have been developing far more rapidly still; while, in 1837 the value of all we made was scarce a hundred thousand dollars in one year, of late it has exceeded half a million dollars. From the vantage ground of this rapid survey of our history, we may well claim that this town is a type of the true New England town, Holden is a type in the circumstances of its founding, settled as it was for the sake of homes, and incorpo- rated for the sake of church. It is a type alike in the almost purely English descent of its first inhabitants, and in the mixture of race and blood which we now see in our factories and schools, but all now as then in spirit true Americans. It is a type in the steady success of its agricultural interests, and in the parallel development and success of its manufacturing. It is a type of the best of New England in the work of school and library and church. We do honor to what is of greatest worth in the life of Massachusetts, New England, and the United States, when we honor Holden to-day. We take pride in the fact that our town has been the nursery of so many worthy men and women. Let me name only those who from the hill-sides of Holden have gone out to labor in the ministry of Christ: Fisher, Cheney, Marshall, Walker, Manning, Winch, Wheeler, Davis, Howe, Richardson, Foster, Damon, Darling, Bigelow, Holbrook, Hubbard, Perry, Brooks, Johnson, Weeks, McLaughlin, Baumann, Prendergast, Murphy, and Hamblen. With sucha roll ina single department, compute, if you can, the full sum of our contributions to the work of the nation, the world. Not to speak of other lands, our brothers and sisters, our sons and daughters may be found in a thousand communities in a score of states, and in the success of every one the mother town rejoices to-day. But Holden has been a home as well as a nursery. It has not exported all its worth, Though change has been so busy 418 HISTORY OF HOLDEN. among us that only twerty homesteads are now in the hands of the families which occupied them at our centennial, yet industry and thrift and intelligence and morality and religion have not departed from among us. To-day those who come back to us, as well as we who abide here, recall the names, the faces, the lives of the noble men and women who have stead- fastly and well wrought in field and mill, in home and hall, in school and church, to make and keep this grand old town. Each heart recalls a different name, but all are worthy. May we not claim, with honest pride, that Holden is still the home of those not unworthy to be heirs of the honorable past which we recount ? Let us make it so. Holden is still only a foundation. What has been wrought is but preparatory to what shall be wrought. Let us build upon this foundation so well that when the historian of another fifty years, of another hundred and fifty years shall take up his tale, he shall glory in our work as we in the work of our fathers. In the words of Longfellow, with which Dr. Damon closed fifty years ago: ‘“ Look not mournfully into the Past. It comes not back again. Wisely improve the Present. It is thine. Go forth to meet the shadowy Future, without fear, and with a manly heart.” INDEX OF SUBJECTS. The Chapter of Personal Notices is not indexed here Address, Centennial, 5, 52,53, 5; ALS: Address, Sesquicentennial, 75, 393: Adventists, 128, 413. Anniversaries, 51, 61, 73, 103, 105, 346, 353, 355, 386, 388, 389, 391, 392, 413. Area of Town, 2, 8, 42, 363. Articles of Faith, 93, 100, 112, 408. Band of Hope, 348. Baptist Church, 74, 110, 392, 408, 413. Baptist Society, First, 119, _ 389. Blizzard, 388. Boundaries of Town, 1, 9, 43. 3 Bounties for killing Vermin, 3, 410. Brick Yard, 201. Carriage, First, 362. Celebration of Lee’s Surrender, 69, 388. Cemeteries, 21, 341, 390, 413. Census of 1760, 360. Chapel, 129, 386. Church Edifices, Baptist, 70, 116, I17, 120, 121, 200, 391, 392, 411, 415. Church Edifice, Congregation- al, First, 13, 37, 88, 396, 400, 403. Church Edifice, Congregation- al, Second, 38, 44, 74, 75, 105, 108, 117, 149, 387, 407, 408, 411, 415. Church Edifices, Roman Cath- olic, 70, 123, 124, 389, 399, 415. Clerks, Town, List of, 364. College Graduates, 139. Common, 38, 56, 144, 149, 387, 407. Congregational Church, 17, 23, 45, 74, 88, 392, 397, 399, 403, 406, 408, 411, 413. Congregational Society, 104, 106, 107, 108. Covenants, 89, 90, 93, 100, LOL, 114, Cyclone, 69, 389, 416. Damon Memorial, 116, 141, 143, 390, 411, 416. Death Rate, 340. Deaths, List of, 339. Dinners, Public, 55, 82, 157, 413. Drought, 22, 390. Earthquake, 23, 392, 403. Expenditures, Town, 16, 17, 22, 24, 29, 38, 43, 44, 45; 46, 47, 62, 66, 68, 74, 92, 104, 133, 136, 137, 167, 402, 407, 408, 409, 414. Fairs, 69, 195, 349s 353- 420 Farmers’ and Mechanics’ Club, 73> 352s 392. Fast Days, 22, 24, 387, 390, 405. Flowers, 2. French Woods, 4, 35. Funds, Town, 11, 22, 44. Golden Weddings, 335. Grain, 363. Grand Army Post, 69, 87, 191, 3559 387) 415- Grange, 349, 386. Hall, Town, 43, 63, 67, 74, 81, 349) 392, 411, 415. Hearse, 341. High School, 137, 143, 152, 416. Hills, 2. Hotels, 194. Hymns, 53, 54, 75, 155, 342- Incorporation, 14, 73, 386, 389, 393, 397- Independence Day, 48, 69, _ 389, 390. Indians, 8, 10, 394. Installations, 99, 108, 118, 391. Inventory of Estate of Cyprian Stevens, 399. Knights Templar, 346, 389. Land, Allotment of, 12, 392, 3955 396. Land, Employment of, 2, 363, 417. Lectures, 69. Libraries, 15, 56, 140, 143, 145, 147; 152, 391, 392, 416. Lightning, 390. Lime, 11, 395. Location of Town, 1, 7. Longevity, 335, 339: Meadows, 358. INDEX OF SUBJECTS. Memorial Day, 69, 191. Memorial Services for Wash- ington, 39, 387. Memorial Tablets, 63, 64, 414. Methodists, 127, 413. Militia, 62, 163, 165, 169, 173, 407. Mills, Cotton, 47, 203, 205, 206, 208, 409. Mills, Grist, 31, 47, 208. Mills, Saw, 31, 47, 208. Mills, Woolen, 47, 204, 206. Ministers, 129, 417. Missionaries, 129. Money, 392, 408. Murder, 49, 390, 412. Music, Church, 39, 47, 94, 108, 118, 121, 408.° Negroes, 49, 406. Nondescript Club, 349. Noonhouse, 386. Ordinations, 17, 24, 88, 92, 103, IfO, II5, 117, 119, 3915 3925 403, 407, 411. Parsonages, 107, 119, 124. Pastors, 17, 22, 24, 33, 40, 45, 86, 88, 91, 96, a 106, 115, 118, 119, 120, I2I, 123, 124, 1247, 403, 407, 408, 411. Paupers, 43, 68, 391, 416. Petitions, 13, 14, 48, 61, 389, 396, 397, 398, 399, 409, 412. Physicians, 41, 336. Poem, Anniversary, 76. Politics, 48, 61, 384, 409. Population, 22, 29, 360, 407, 409, 410, 413, 416. Postoffices, 197, 387. Pound, 16, 402. Preaching Provided by Town, 14, 16, 47, 56, 149, 4o2. Prices, List of, 31. ae INDEX OF SUBJECTS. 421 Proprietors, 9, 12, 356, 391, 392, 394, 395, 396,:397, 400, 401. Quarry, 2, 144, 150. Railroads, 4, 66, 69, 71, 196, 389, 391, 415. Rattlesnakes, 3, 410. Representatives, List of, 382. Resolutions passed by town, 25, U44 159, 364, 405. Revivals, 93, 99, £03, 116, II7, 119, 120, 121, 408, Il. Rifles, Holden, 62, 86, 157, 173, 388, 390, 414. Roads, 12, 193, 363, 396, 397, 403, 407. Roman Catholic Parish, 7-4, 123, 415. Salaries, 17, 24, 33, 46, 92, 98, 408. School Committee, 136, 380, 411, 416. School Superintendent, 81, 136, 416. School-houses, 22, 38, 68, 133, 136, 137, 138, 143, 145, 388, 389, 405,413, 416. Schools, 16, 17, 22, 38, 56, 81, 132, 149, 360, 380, 402, 403, 407, 405, 411, 416. Selectmen, List of, 366. Settlements, First, 11, 13, 410. Shays’ Rebellion, 35, 407. Shoemaking, 48, 209. Sickness, 23, 335, 387, 391, 404. Sidewalks, 195, 196. Slaves, 49, 406. Society for Detecting Thieves, 5. sais Soldiers, 18, 20, 29, 62, 64, 86, 161, 388, 390, 414. Soldiers’ Monument Associa- tion, 63, 69. Stores, 199. Streams, 3. Sunday Schools, rog, 117, 122, 128. Tanneries, 47. Taxes, 14, 16, 22, I11, 134, 161, 167, 193, 359, 396, 402, 408. Telegraph, 71, 197. Telephone, 71, 197. Temperance, 48, 347, 391, 412. Toll House, 193. Town Meetings, 5, 16, 25, 43, 47; 73) 91, TLO, 132, 134, 149, 159, 358, 389, 392, 398, 402, 411, Treasurers, Town, List of, 365. Trees, 2, 195, 403. Undertaker, 341. Union Evangelical Society, 129. Universalists, 128, 413. Valuations, 362, 407, 413, 416. Village Improvement Societies, .. 195 349: Villages, 3, 207. War, French, 18, 161, 391. 404. ; War, French and Indian, 20, 161, 404. War of the Revolution, 21, 24, 28, 34, 163, 388, 405, 414. War of 1812, 169. War, Mexican, 169. War of the Rebellion, 62, 157. 169, 173) 1745 413. Washington Total Abstinence Society, 49, 347- Women’s Christian Temper- ance Union, 348, 391. Women’s Relief Corps, 355. 388. INDEX OF PERSONS. The numbers in heavy-faced type refer to Sketches in the Chapter of Personal Notices. Abbott, Chenery, 52, 169, 194, 346, 350. Abbott, Eliza Ann, 130. Abbott, Jarvis, 169, 195. Abbott, John [1st], 31, 33, 37; 164, 194, 361. Abbott, John [2d], 128. Abbott, John T., 349. Abbott, Mrs. John T., 349. Abbott, Lemuel, 37, 169, 194, 237, 248, 371, 372, 390. Abbott, Samuel, 112. Abbott, Simon, 128, 354. Adams, Aaron, 358. oe John, 336, 349) 354; 379: Ainsworth, Charles H., 127. Aldrich, Frank A., 186. Aldrich, P. Emory, 158. Allard, Andrew, 164. Allen, Abagail, 279, 280. Allen, Benjamin [1st], 357, 6 361. Allen, Benjamin [2d], 161, 162. Allen, Betsy, 123. Allen, Dwight D., 186. Allen, George, 103. Allen, James C., 194. Allen, James H., 74, 186. Allen, Jesse. 163, 165, 261. Allen, Joseph, 219. Allen, Lambert, 110. Allen, Leonard, 357. Allen, Mary, 217, 218. Allen, Melvin J., 108, 192, 210. Allen, Nathan, 158. Allen, Pelatiah, 112. Allen, Willard, 121, 122, 336, 376. Almer, Roxana, 336. Ames, Joseph S., 210, 337. Ames, Josephine S., 138, 211. Ames, Lewis, 210. Andre, Pierre M., 35. Andrews, Elisha, 131, 115, 121, 211, 321. Armington, Alonzo C., 186, 214. Armington, Fannie L., 214. Armington, Henry C., 186, 214, Armington, May J., 214. Armington, Samuel W., 154, 174, 191, 197, 200, 213, 255, 364, 365, 379, 384. Ashworth & Day, 207. Atherton, » 350. Austin, David B., 215. Austin, Herbert E., 138, 140, 216. Austin, Mrs. 8. J., 231. Austin, Susie L., 138, 140, 216. Austin, Waldo E. [rst], 68, 74,, 125, 142, 202, 215, 2345 266, 379, 380, 381, Bie 3 Austin, Waldo E. [2d], 216. Avery, Joseph, 24, 33, 37, 39, 40, 46, 47, 48, 85, 86, 92, 93-941 95,96, 98, 99, 197, 216, 230, 246, 333, 362, 388, 389, 392, 407, 408, 409, 411. INDEX OF PERSONS. 423 Avery, Mary A., 40, 217, 218. Avery, William, 216. Babb, Thomas E., 108, 222, 394) 419. Babh, William G., 222. Babcock, Aaron G., 170, 337. Bacon, John, 128. Badew, Charles, 186. Bailey, Abigail G., 222, 349. Bailey, Charles A., 223. Bailey, Charlotte, 131, 222. Bailey, Edward, 130, 222. Bailey, Edward H., 223. Bailey, Elizabeth, 222. Bailey, Horatio B., 223. Bailey, James, 222, 373. Bailey, James C., 223. Bailey, James H., 139, 222. Bailey, John [1st], 164. Bailey, John [2d], 222. Bailey, William H., 223. Balcom, Freceric A., 108, 224. Balcom, Madison A., 224. Ball, Amanda C., 226. Ball, Diah, 174. Ball, Ella D., 228. Ball, Granville M., 227, 228. Ball, Harriet W., 226. Ball, Herbert E., 228. Ball, Hollis, 347. Ball, Huldah, 340. Ball, Israel M., 74, 123, 201, 224, 354, 381. Ball, J. Warren, 174, 226, 229. Ball, Jennie, 226. Ball, John, 226. Ball, Jonas, 226. Ball, Josiah [rst], 201, 224, 226, 229. Ball, Josiah [2d], 226. Ball, Jotham, 226. Ball, Mary D., 228, 348, 381, 382. Ball, Mary G., 226. Ball, Mary L., 140, 228. Ball, Melinda A., 226. Ball, Oscar C., 186. Ball, Phineas, 360. Ball, Samuel, 226. Ball, Simon, 226, 229. Ball, Sophia, 226. Ballou, Hosea, 128. Bancroft, Jacob H., 53, 75. Barber, William, 162. Barden, Charles, 174. Bardwell, Horatio, 46, 47, 53, 55598, 102, 103, 136, 229, 247, 339, 347, 387, 391, Il. Bartlett, Artemus, 304. Bartlett, Isaac, 360. Bartlett, Jonathan, 164. Bartlett, Levi, 254. Bartlett, Phineas T., 170. Bartlett, Town, zor. Bascom, Artemas D., 175, 232, 379- Bascom, Carrie E., 138, 233. Bascom, Clara K. 232. Bascom, Fred W., 232. Bascom, George, 173, 175, 232, 267, 343s 349s 35% 377- Bascom, George E., 232. Bascom, George W., 232, 354, 376, 383. Bascom, Harriet, 233. Bascom, Harry C., 138, 140, 231, Bascom, Marion A., 233. Bascom, Mary C., 233. Bascom, Nellie M., 138, 232. Bascom, William H., 232. Bassett, Dexter T., 175. Bassett, James S., 336. Bassett, Joshua, 203. Bassett, Preston, 128. Bassett, Uriah, 65, 175, 414. Bates, Ira D., 186, 201. Bates, John W., 175. Bates, Theodore C., 191. Baumann, Henry W., 129, 417. Bayliss, , £28. Beaiman, Jabez, 399. Belden, Charles R., 175. 424 INDEX OF PERSONS. Belknap, Appleton, 117, 122, 233. Belknap, Fenelon, 233. Bennett, Austin C., 187. Bennett, Charles A., 140. Bennett, Ephraim, 161, 405. Bennett, Fred E., rio. Bennett, Phineas, 360. Bennett, Samuel, 360, 399. Bent, Hezekiah, 43. Berry, Joseph, 187. Betterley, Edward S., 187. Bigelow, Benjamin, 399. Bigelow, Daniel, 357. Bigelow, George T., 64, 175, _ 4lq. Bigelow, Isaac, 92. Bigelow, John, 6, 16, 89, 132, 133, 162, 169, 204, 357, 359, 365, 366, 367, 388, _ 397; 398, 399- Bigelow, John F., 129, 139, fay Bigelow, Jotham, 6, 89g, 133, 359) 399- Bigelow, Nathan, 162. Bigelow, Samuel, 21, 161, 162. Binney, Joseph G., 117. Binney, Thomas, 358. Bixby, Jacob W., 187. Black, Charles E., 254. Black, Daniel, 163, 165, 360. Black, Elizabeth B., 340. Black, George W., 154. Black, H. Erskine, 65, 175. 414. Black, Hannah, 254. Black, Jacob, 163, 165. Black, James D., 142, 254. Black, John, 165, 361. Black, Lucy, 254. Black, Lydia, 256. Black, Samuel, 254. Black, Simon, 254. Blake, Jeremiah, 164, 339. Blake, Joel, 128. Bliss, Susan W., 233. Boardman, John, 99, 103. Bond, George C., 1. Boston, Philip, 164, 400. Bougle, Thomas, 164. Boyd, James, 367. Boyd, John, 161. Boyd, Samuel, 20, 161, 162. Boyden & Goodell, 199. Boyden, Goodell & Davis, 200. Boyden, Comfort, 327. Boyden, Daniel, 147. Boyden, Eunice C., 327. Boyden, John, 254. Boyden, Leila S., 138. Boyden, Lucy P., 139. Boyden, Prudence, 234. Boyden, Silence, 327. Boynton, Ebenezer, 42. Boynton, John, 170. Boynton, Nancy E., 233. Bracewell, Joseph, 187. Bradish, Alfred, 349. Brattle, William, 35. Brigham, Leonard B., 365. Britton, 53578 Broad, Aaron, 163, 165. Broad, Asa [rst], 234, 383. Broad, Asa [2d], 170, 202, 234, 376. Broad, Dexter, 376. Broad, Ira, 202, 215, 234, 370, 377; 378, 383. Broad, Mrs. Ira, 70. Broad, Josiah [1st], 60, 361. Broad, Josiah [2d], 361. Broad, Thomas, 399. Brock, Albert L., 175. Brooks, Charles [ist], 112, 115. Brooks, Charles [2d], 129, 140, 417. Brooks, John H., 228. Brooks, Nancy, 112. Brooks, Samuel, 121. Brosnahan, Eugene F., 126, Brown, David [1st], 6, 89, 359, 366, 399. Brown, David [2d], 164. Brown, George W., 175, INDEX OF PERSONS. Brown, Isaiah, 37, 164, 165, 37°. Brown, John, 112. Brown, Thomas, 357. Brown, Timothy, 359, 399. Bruce, Samuel, 6 Bryant, Charles, 376, 377. Bryant, Fred A., 123. Bryant, Fredrick, L., zor. Bryant, Lyman, 201, 336, 340, 341s 3755 376. Bryant, Walter D., 350. Bryant, Willis, 200. Buckminster, Buffum, William, Bull, Isaac, 357. Bullard, Anna, 3.0. Bullard, Hannah, 340. Burke, Poly, 112. Burnett, Charles E., 70, 383. Burnett, George M., 175. Burnham, Charles L., 175. Burns, John, 388. Burns, ae 340. Burr, 8. Burt, David, 137. Burt, Latham, 186. Bush, Hezekiah, 356. Bush, Joseph, 19. Butler, James, 356. , 88, 92. 205. 175s Button, » 358. Buzzell, Mary Bes 138. Cain, Lucy W., 138. Caldwell, Hannah M., 305. Caldwell, James, 6, 359, 399. Caldwell, Patty, 112. Callum, William I., 175. Canniffe, Lyman R., 175. Carr, Peter, 147. Chaffee, G. Edwin, 157. Chaffin, Alfred, 68, 175, 191, 3475 377: Chaffin, Alfred H., 204. Chaffin, Charles, 43, 51, 86, 197, 354, 374, 375) 376, 383. 425 Chaffin, Charles C. 222. Chaffin, Frederic W., 176. Chaffin, Elisha, 376. Chaffin, Hannah, 340. Chaffin, Harry W., 187. Chaffin, Hollis, 170. Chaffin, John, 372, 373. Chaffin, John E. 364, 377. ‘Chaffin, Jonathan, 375. Chaffin, Royal T1., 204. Chaftin, Samuel [rst], 165, 361. Chaffin, Samuel [2d], 170 Chaffin, Sarah, 336. Chaffin, Tilla [rst], 165, 372. 163, ‘Chaffin, Tilla [2d], 374, 383. Chaffin, Willard, 187. -Chaffin, Winslow, 170. Chamberlin, Benjamin M., 74. Chamberlain, Emmagene, 294. Chamberlain, Fred L., 350. Chamberlain, Levi, 65, 176, 414. Chamberlain, Sumner, 294, 349» 350 3775 378. Chamberlain, Mrs. Sumner, 2545 349- Chapin, Henry, 353. Chapin, Jobn, 170. Chapman, Gates, 68, 291, 379. Chapman, Mary A., 2 Chapman, Sophia, 291. Chase, Aaron, 216. Chase, Abbie P., 216. Chase, Aquila, 234. Chase, James N., 234, Chase, John K., 121, 234, 380. Chase, Joseph, 234. Chase, Nathan, 340. Chenery, Aloney, 248, 239. Chenery, Cryus [1st], 311. Chenery, oe [2d], 63: 176 Chenery, Henry C., 176. Chenery, Isaac [st], 360. Chenery, Isaac [2d], 40, 165, 235, 311, 336, 370. Chenery, Isaac [3d], 236. 160, 236, 426 INDEX OF Chenery, John, 236. Chenery, Leonard, 336. Chenery, Mary A., 305. Chenery, Mary T., 311. Chenery, Nathan, 236. Chenery, Susan L., 311. Chenery, Susannah, 236. Chenery, Thaddeus, 236, 246, 248, 311, 336, 387. Chenery, William D., 74, 140. Chenery, Zillah, 236, 248. Cheney, Anita, 226. Cheney, Ebenezer, 164. Cheney, Elizabeth, 260. Cheney, George L., 176. Cheney, Isaiah, 164, 165. Cheney, James, 164, 165, 361. ‘Cheney, James E.. 50, 377, 353. ‘Cheney, Joseph, 129, 139, 260, I pena Josiah, 34, 361. Cheney, Simon, 170. ‘Cheney, Solomon C., 165. Chickering, Samuel, 37. Child, Daniel, 357. Child, John [1st], 6, 28, 33, 375 134, 162, 169, 194, 359, 367, 368, 369, 354, 399: Child, John [2d], 33, 163, 165, 169, 364, 369, 352. Clapp, Asahel, 128. Clapp, David, 336. Clapp, Mrs. David, 254. Clapp, Millia, 248, 256. Clapp, Oliver, 347. Clapp, Seth, 109, 256. Clapp, Silence, 248, 249. Clapp, W. Warren, 176. Clark, Anthony, 11. Clark, Edward, 64, 176, 414. Clark, Edward B., 176. Clark, Fanny, 291. Clark, George S., 176. Clark, John, 176. Clark, John H., 176. Clark, Robert, 186. PERSONS. Clark, Samuel [1st], 6 359, 399- Clark, Samuel [2d], 208. Clark, Samuel A., 176. Clark, Simeon C., 157. Clark, Thaddeus S., 187, 191. Clark, William [ist], 359, DOO. Clark, William [2d], 170. Clark, Winifred S., 138. Clarke, James F., 110, 129, 137. Cleland, Thomas, 87. Clemans, Celesta, 257. Clemans, Emily, 232, 256. Clemens, Jonathan, 165. Clough, Frances L., 331. Clough, William, 331. Cobb, Jeremiah, 292. Cobb, Nancy, 292. Cobbett, Albert A., 199, 201. Coes, Abigail, 266, 344. Coffin, C. Carleton, 192. Colburn, Job, 360. Colburn, Mehitable, riz. Colburn, Paul, 112. Cole, Stephen, T., 187, 201. Collier, Mrs. » 390. Collier, Adelaide S., 307. Collier, Eliza, 307. Collier, Francis A., 307. Colvin, A. P., 205. Combs, Ariel, 176. Combs, Simon E., 257. Comstock, Albert M., 187. Conant, » 99. Converse, Otis, 117. Cook, ———, 128. Cook, Rebecca F., 224. Cooley, Marius S., 70, 187. Coolidge, Amos H., 108, Coolidge, Caroline, 280, Coombs, Reuben, 169. Corey, George A., 17, Cotton, Noah, 162. Cotton, Thomas, 162. Courtney, — , 201, Cowden, David, 359, 399. INDEX OF [ist], 359, Cowden, James [2d], 201. Cowden, Jolin, 280. Cowden, William, 399. Coxe, Doran B., 138. Crage, James, 162. Crage, Thomas, 162. Creed, Albert F., 64, 177, 414. Creed, Isaac, 187. Cowden, James Crompton, ———, 207. Crompton & Dawson, 207. Crosby, ———, 115, 321, 357. Crosby, Sparrow, §2, 165, 170, 195. Cross, Joseph, W., 137. Crowell, Ezra T., 128, 342. Croxford, William, 340. Cummings, Philena A., 336. Cummings, Preston, 249, 347. Curtis, ———, 357. Cushing, , 88. Cuthbertson & Crawshaw, 201. Cutler, Ebenezer, 106. Cutler, James, 162. Cutting, George E., 177. Cutting, Jacob P., 177. Cutting, Joseph B., 177. Cutting, Lucinda R., 344. Damon & Bartlett, 199. Damon & Thaxter, 206. Damon & Knowlton, 199. Damon, Aloney K., 160, 238. Damon, Abigail, 160. Damon, Annie C., 160. Damon, Augustus F., 160, 173, 199, 377: Damon, Charles F., 160. Damon, Edward C., 241. Damon, Francis W., 241. Damon, Harry C., 160. Damon, Helen, 160. Damon, Isaac, 143, 160, 170, 177, 191, 235, 239, 343, 3531 3645 379 3775 379s 380, 383. Damon, Jane, 237. PERSONS. 427 Damon, John, 237. Damon, Joseph, 237. Damon, Marion V., 160. Damon, Mary A., 160. Damon, Penniman, 160. Damon, Samuel [1st], 237. Damon, Samuel [2d], 160, 199, 236, 235, 370, 371. Damon, Samuel [3d], 37, 43, 451 51, 52, 55, 86, 136, 160, 170, 199, 204, 205, 206, 207, 236, 365, 373, 374) 3751 383. Damon, Samuel [4th], 122, 123. Damon, Samuel C., 5, 52, 53, 59, TIO, 129, 130, 137, 139, 151, 158, 160, 191, 239, 413, 417. Damon, Samuel E., 239. Damon, Samuel M. [rst], 241. Damon, Samuel M. [2d], 239, 241. utan Susan A. [1st], 160. Damon, Susan A. [2d], 143, I44, 151, 152, 153, 154, 158, 159, 160, 239, 416. Damon, William F., 241. Daniels, Joseph, 170, 371. Darling, George, 129, 242, 417. Darling, Henry G., 139. Darling, Samuel D., 129, 139, 243, 417. Davenport, Allen, 177. Davenport, Elisha C., 65, 177, 414. Davis, Abigail P., 130. Davis, Alden G., 188, 380, 381. Davis, Alona, 249. Davis, Avery, 60, 116, 197, 200, 256, 257- Davis, Azubar, 256. Davis, Bancroft, 60. Davis, Benjamin, 170, 197. Davis, Betsey, 256. Davis, Catherine, 256. 1395 a5, 428 Davis, Charles E., 140, 252. Davis, Daniel [1st], 358. Davis, Daniel [2d], 170, 256. Davis, Daniel [3d], 256, 257. Davis, David [1st], 255. Davis, David [2d], 45, 60, 254) 31% 3371 347. 376, Davis, Danas [1st], 60, 170, 197, 249, 256, ae Davis, Dennis [2d], 256, Davis, Dolor, 60, 247, 253, 255- Davis, Dorinda, 249. Davis, Edith H., 138. Davis, Edmund, 165, 254. Davis, Edward J., 177, 252. Davis, Edward L., 86. Davis, Eleazer [rst], 255. Davis, Eleazer [2d], 256, 399. Davis, Elnathan [1st], 37, 60, 2545 337+ 305, 37%) 372; 82. Davis, Elnathan [2d], 60, 106, 110, 118, 129, 139, 243, 249, 250, 257, 342, 343; 353s 417- Davis, Emerette F., 232. Davis, Erskine E., 252. Davis, Esther, 256. 136, 257) 257. 249, Davis, Ethan [1st], 44, 45, 55, 60, 200, 243, 246, 250, 254, 279, 365, 372, 373; 382, 383, 388. Davis, Ethan [2d], 52, 60, 63, 68, 109, I10, 170, 194, 197, 200, 250, 270, 347> 345, 349) 350. 375; 376, 392. Davis, F. Marguerite, 139. Davis, Florence P., 139. Davis, Francis E., 177. Davis, Francis G., 246. Davis, Gardner, 170, 254. Davis, George D., 177. Davis, Hannah [1st], 256. Davis, Hannah [2d], 254. INDEX OF PERSONS. Davis, Hannah [3d]. 139, 249. Davis, Helen L., 139. Davis, Helen T., 246. Davis, Isaac [1st], 60. Davis, Isaac [2d], 57. 60, 86, 342: Davis, Isabella G., 129, 248. Davis, Israel [1st], 60, 132, 133. 256, 360, 361, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368. Davis, Israel [2d], 37. 409, 163, 165, 256, 370, 382. Davis, James [1st], 60. Davis, James [2d], 28, 33, 34, 37, 38, 60, 134, 163, 165, 246, 253, 337, 365, 308, 369, 379, 354, 388, 397. Davis, James [3d], 165, 254. Davis, John [1st], 42. Davis, John [2d], 52, 170, 370, ‘B51, 375: Davis, John [3d], 19, 56, 60. Davis, John L., 49, 259, 390. Davis, John N., 256, 257. - Davis, Jonathan [1st], 165. Davis, Jonathan [2d], 254. Davis, Jonas, 254. Davis, Jones, 170. Davis, Joseph [1st], 256. Davis, Joseph [2d], 256, 382. Davis, Joseph [3d], 17, 22, 24, 60, 86, 88, 89, 91, 92, 130, 254, 256, 338, 361, 386, 387, 388, 390, 398, 403, 405, 407. Davis, Joseph [4th], 232, 256, 395s 377- Davis, Lemuel, 48, 170, 194, 1947, 200, 255, 372, 5 Davis, _ 164. nneH aT Davis, Lucy, 254. Davis, Lucy C., 249, 256, 257. Davis, Lydia, 256. Davis, Maria M., 256, 257, Davis, Martha, 256. : Davis, Mary [ist], 2 204. Davis, Mary baat ee a INDEX OF PERSONS. Davis, Mary [3d], 256. Davis, Mary [4th], 256. Davis, Mary [5th], 249, 256. Davis, Mary A. W., 21 Davis, Mary E., 252. Davis, Mary H., 252. Davis, Mary J., 256, 257. Davis, Maud E., 138. Davis, Merrill, 171, 197, 200, 347: Davis, Nancy [1st], 129, 248. Davis, Nancy [2d], 254. Davis, Nancy [3d], 336. Davis, Oliver, 256. Davis, Patty, 254. Davis, Paul [1st], 60, 256, 364, 365. Davis, Paul [2d], 3, 51, 60, 171, 194, 246, 248, 249, 255, 333, 364, 365, 373, 3755 393- Davis, Paul [3d], 256, 257. Davis, Phineas, 60. Davis, Relief [1st], 254. Davis, Relief [2d], 55, 250. Davis, Ruth, 255. Davis, Sally, 254. Davis, Samuel [1st], 60, 249, 2535 255. Davis, Samuel [2d], 255. Davis, Samuel [3d], 164, 256, 399. Davis, Samuel [4th], 52, 194, 256, 257. Davis, Sarah [1st], 339. Davis, Sarah [2d], 249. Davis, Sarah E., 381. Davis, Simon [1st], 60, 249, 253, 255- Davis, Simon [2d], 5, 6, 13, 19, 575 60, 86, 89, 253) 254, 255, 256, 359, 366, 395, 398, 399, 402, 403. Davis, Simon [3d], 160, 162, 256. Davis, Solomon, 164, 256. 429 Davis, Solon P., 75, 87, 140, 158, 252) Davis, Stephen, 255. Dacia, Teresa, 246, 249, 256, 257. Davis, Theodore E., 246. Davis, Thomas, 60, "163, 164. Davis, Thanas J-, 60, 171, 248, 249, 374) 375: Davis, Thomas W., 246. Davis, William V. W., 108. Dawson, 1 357) 358. Dawson, Charles, 207, 379. Dawson, Charles A., 74. Day, » 207, Day, William, 205. Dean, Paul I., 188. Defose, Charles L., 177. Denny, Austin, 177. Derbuel, Anthony J., 123, 287. Dickinson, John W., 87. Dinsmore, , 390. Dockham, Daniel, 188. Dodd,! James, 37, 360, 371. Dodd, John, 37, 135, 164, 165, 364, 370, 371, 373, 382. Dodd, John B., 144, 150. Dodd, Jonathan M., 336. Dodd, Lucy M., 336. Dodd, William, 361, 364. Dodge, George S., 108, 129. Dodge, Lucy A., 139. Dorr, James, 208. Dow, Jonathan, 271. Dowd, Catherine A., 139. Drake, Lucinda, 336. Drury, Abel, 171. Drury, Bertha M., 138. Drury, William [1st], 48, 58, ch 164, 339, 371, 372, oe William [2d], 171. Drury, William H., 110, 199, 349) 350 354: 3775 387, 379: 'This name was earlier written, Dods and Dodds. 430 INDEX OF Drury, Mrs. W. H., 349. Dryden, Artemas, [rst], 163, 164, 232. Dryden, Artemas [2d], 171, 204, 347. Dryden, Harriet, 232, 233. Dryden, Lydia, 289. Dryden, Thomas, 165. Dunker, George, 188. Dunn, Andrew, 119, 257. Durdeen, Smith, 188. Dyer, E. Porter, 353. 162, 164, Eagleville Manufacturing Co., 208. Eames, Olivia, 49. Earle, Anna, 222. Earle, Stephen C., 125, 144, 149, 150, 151. Earle, William H., 353. Eaton, Samuel, 164. Ebet, William, 29, 164. Eddy, Mary, 323, 324, 325, 326, 327, 336. Edwards, Philip, 49, 259, 390, 12. Eells, Cushing, 130. Eells, Myron, 130. Elmer, Electa, 336. Estabrook, Austin, 171. Estabrook, Eben R., 171. Estabrook, Ebenezer [1st], 33, 35, 163, 165, 370, 371. Estabrook, Ebenezer [2d], 35, 165, 171, 382, 397- Estabrook, Ellen A., 249. Estabrook, George, 136, 171, 337) 347: Estabrook, James, 58, 171, 3731 374° Estabrook, Jedediah, 21, 162. Estabrook, John, 171, 254. Estabrook, Jonathan, 171. Estabrook, Jones, 171, 249. Estabrook, Joseph [1st], 356. Estabrook, Joseph [2d], 39, 17t. PERSONS. Estabrook, Samuel [ist], 21, 161, 162, 361, 397- Estabrook, Samuel [2d], 163, 165, 361. Estabrook, Stillman, 171, 375- Estabrook, Washington, 171. Estes, David F., 74, 75, 875 108, 121, 142, 154, 192, 258. Everett, Samuel, 118, 122, 258- Everett, William, 112. Fairbanks, Edward, 74. Fairbanks, Joshua, 109. Fairbanks, Myra, 129. Fairbanks, William H., 378,. 379. Fairbuaks, Winslow, 171, 336- Fales, Annie W., 139. Fales, Elmira, 226, 229. Fales, Fred H., 123, 200, 365- Fales, Henry M., 65, 178, 414. Fales, Lemuel, 128. Fales, Leonard, 171. Fales, Sarah, 340. Farrar, Charles E., 178. Farrar, Peter, 172. Farrington, Elizabeth B., 229. Fay, Henry C., 81, 108, 259. Fay, John B., 280. Fearing, John, 64, 178, 414. Feehan, Daniel F., 126. Feeley, & Burns, 201. Fessenden, Sarah L., 228, 336. Fisher, Gideon, 162. Fisher, Jonathan, 129, 139, 17. Fisher, William, 20, 161, 386. Fisk, Bezaleel, 360, 361, 365, 367. Fisk, Caleb $., 109, 110. Fisk, David [ist], 33, 109, 163, 164, 360, 364, 367, 368, 369. Fisk, David [2d], 139. Fisk, Isaac, 109, 129, 248, Fisk, Johnathan, 164, 16s, Fisk, Lemuel, 52. INDEX OF PERSONS. 431 Fisk, Lois P., 303. Fisk, Ruth, 339. Fisk, Samuel, 70, 340. Fitch, ———, 357. Flagg, Austin, 378. Flagg, Benjamin [ist], 13, 357+ 358s 359, 395. Flagg, Benjamin [2d], 37, 261, 357: . Flagg, Mrs. Benjamin, 34. Flagg, Charles, 200, 259, 266, 344, 3545 3655 378, 379; aro. Flagg, Elizabeth, 261. Flagg, George. 43, 172. 374, 375: Flagg, Jonathan, 164. Flagg, Lyman, 172. Flagg, Mary E., 261, 349. Flagg, Mary W., 340. Flagg, Preston, 261. Flagg, Richard, 20, 22, 37, 132, 161, 360, 366, 367, 369, 384. Flagg, Silas [1st], 45, 52, 86, 109, 172, 254, 259, 261, 340, 373, 374, 383- Flagg, Silas [2d], 173, 377, 8 ee William, 162, 163, 164, 3741 383. Flagg, William H., 10g, r1o. Fletcher, Ebenezer [1st], 21, 162. Fletcher, Ebenezer [2d], 21. Fletcher, James, 165. Fletcher, John, 89, 359, 399. Fletcher, Joseph, 163. Foote, Charles W., 194. Forbes, William T., 85. Forbush, Mehitable, 210. Forbush, Rachel, 231. Ford, Charles H., 178. Foster, Charles T., 354. Foster, Elisha, 164. Foster, Lucy J., 234. Foster, John P., 129, 139, 417. Foster, Samuel, 50, 52, 373, 374: Foster, Stephen S., 353. Franklin, Benjamin, 207. Freeman, J. W., 205. Frost, Dana, 254. Fuller, Augustus Fg 2235 Fuller, Fred L., 178. Fuller, James E., 67. Fuller, Jeremiah, 29, 164, 361, 407. Gale, Jonas, 361. Gale, Joshua, 164, 165. Gale, Samuel C., 138, 141, 143, 144, 145, 149, 150, 151, 152, 153, 154, 157, 159, 160, 416. Gale, Susan A. D., 143, 144, 151, 152, 153, 154, 158, 159, 169, 239, 416. Gammell, Andrew, 178. Gardner, Alexander, 357. Gardner, Andrew J., 188. Gates, Abraham, 112, 116. Gates, Judith, rr2. Gay, Amasa, 164. Gay, Samuel, 103. Geer, Roman J., 188. Gibbs, Charles, 64, 178, 414. Gibson, Mathew W., 123. Gilbert, Caroline D. H., 336. Gile, William A., 192. Gill, Franklin, 178. Gleason, ——-—, 357. Gleason, Charles W. . 174, 353. Gleason, Clark W., 63, 353. Gleason, Daniel i, L., 178. Gleason, Dexter F., 178. Gleason, Elizabeth, 222. Gleason, Jason, 163, 165, 361, 369, 370. Gleason, Joseph H., 63, 109, 110, 174, 178, 191, 199, 200, 222, 349, 359, 354s 381. Gleason, Thomas W., 109. to Gleason, Warren L., 272. Goddard, George S., 121, 193, 3495 377: Goddard, Henry, 228. Goddard, Josiah, 130. Goddard, Willietta, 228. Going, Jonathan, 115, 231. Goodale, Israel, 361. Goodale, Paul, 37, 164, 165, 369, 379, 397- Goodell, John M., 375. Goodell, William, 130. Goodenough, Ithamar, 163. Goodnow, Ebenezer, 162. Goodnow, James W., 64, 178, 414. Goodwin, John B., 137. Gookin, Daniel, 7, 8, 9, 10, 356. Goss, Enos, 169. Gould, Joanna, 122. Goulding, 5 Rls Goulding, Ignatius, 160, 368. Goulding, Jason, 172, 238. Goulding, Jonah, 322, 323. Goulding, Peter, 357, 36r. Goulding, Sally, 322. Goulding, Sarah H., 340. Graham, Charles S., 140. Graham, George S., 74, 188, TOT, 343) 359 354- Graham, Maud E., 139. Grant, Miles, 128. Grant, Samuel, 164, 360. Gray, James, 6, 359, 399. Gray, John, 357. Green, Samuel S., 158. Greenwood, Abner P., 354, 391. . Greenwood, Asa, 37, 164, 372, 373- Greenwood, Fred C., 140. Greenwood, Samuel D., 375, 376, 383, 387. Greenwood, Joseph, 162, 361, 364, 366, 367. Greenwood, Thomas, 162. Griffin, John, 164. | INDEX OF PERSONS. Griffin, Patrick, 125. Griffin, Samuel, 70. Griffin, Thomas, 123. Grosvenor, Mason, 103. Grout, Aldin, 130, 131, 137, 222, 249. Grout, Daniel, 163, 165. Grout, Oriona, 249. Grout, Thomas, 361. Guild, , 207. Guyotte, Joseph, 125. Hadwen, Obadiah B., 353. Haggett, Thomas, 357. Hale, Amy, 257. Hale, Dorothy, 255. Hale, Lydia G., 257. Hale, Saladin, 257. Haley, James W., 64, 178, 414. Hall & Howe, 262, 273, 281. Hall, Danford, 272, 376. Hall, Dustin, 195. Hall, Edmund, 37, 164, 165. 361. Hall, Edmund T., 262. Hall, Mortimer T., 178, Hall, Theron E., 63, 174, 179, IQI, 204, 215, 262, 273, 281, 347, 353, 364, 383. Hamblen, Isaac S., 121, 191, 263. Hamblen, S. Willis., 129, 131, 140, 417. Hancock, John, 38, 55, 140, Pienelie Joh andley, John, 179, 414. Handy, Edward, 179. Handy, George W., 179. Handy, William H., 179. Hapgood, » 358. Haradon, John S., 120, 123, 264, 353- Harbison, Fred A., 267. Harding, Abraham, 357. Harrington, Dennis, 125, 188, 265. | Harrington, Dennis W., 380. INDEX OF PERSONS. Harrington, Ephraim, 42. Harrington, Francis A., 84. Harrington, Jabez, 89, 360, 361, 399. Harrington, Joseph, 406. Harrington, Lemuel, 164. Harrington, Martin, 43. Harrington, Mary E., 265. Harrington, Mary J., 265, 266. Harrington, Micah, 42, 164, 166. Harrington, Nathan, 33, 42, 163, 164, 169, 365, 370, 406. Harrington, Samuel, 42, 164. Harrington, Samuel D., 43. Harris, Job, 21, 162. Harris, Mercy, 216. Harris, Valentine, 163, 165. Harris, Whipple, 206. Harris, William, 361. Hartwell, Mary A., 160. Harvey, Charles H., 254. Hastings, Horace, 128. Hatch, Estes, 357. Haven, Jabez, 92, 217. Haven, Noah, 109, 163, 165, 361, 364, 369. Haven, Samuel F., 56. Hayes, Eudora F., 137. Haynes, David, 358. Heard, Thomas, 29, 164, 407. Heard, William, 165. Henchman,! —, 356. Henchman, Daniel, 8, 21. Henchman, Nathaniel, 356. Hennessey, Daniel, 266. Hennessey, Dennis L., 265, 266. Hennessey, James, 266. Hennessey, Martin, 265. Hennessey, Martin J., 419, Hennessey, May, 265. Hennessey, Mary F., 266. ‘Also written Hincksman. 266, +33 Hennessey, Thomas [rst], 74, 125, 147, 265, 380. Hennessey, Thomas [2d], 266, Hennessey, William B., 266. Henry, Albert, 179. Henry, Edward C., 179. Henry, Malvina, 271. Henry, Polly, 112. Heywood,? Amos [ist], 37, 89, 134, 169, 359, 361, 367, 369, 399. Heywood, Amos [2d], 134, 163, 165,. Heywood, Charles, 163, 165, 361. Heywood, Daniel, 358. Heywood, David, 164. Heywood, John, 165. Heywood, Josiah, 358. Heywood, Lemuel, 164. Heywood, Levi, 164. Heywood, Samuel [1st], 6, 37, 89, 169, 359, 360, 364, 365, 366, 367, 368, 399. Heywood, Samuel [2d], 37, 165, 372. Heywood, Simon, 172. Higginson, Thomas W., 154, 353° Hildreth, Isaac, 305. Hill, Charles R., 179. Hill, William, 188. Hinds, Daniel, 165, 360. Hinds, Nimrod, 165. Hoar, Leonard, 358. Holbrook, Charles W., 129, 139, 417. Holbrook, David, 166. Holbrook, Judith B., 340. Holbrook & Wilder, 206. Holden, Addie B., 142. Holden, Gustavus S., 74, 179, IQl. Holden, G. S. & J. A., 201. Holden, Howard, 128. Holden, James, 357. * The name also appears as Haywood and Howard. 134 INDEX OF Holden, James A., 123, 381, 382. Holden, John [1st], 37, 122. Holden, John [2d], 349, 353, 354: Holden Mills, 208, 282, 291, 295. Holden, Samuel, 15, 55, 401. Holden Store Company, 199. Holman, John, 169. Holman, Sullivan L., 192. Holmes, James, 356. Holmes, Reuben, 137. Holt, Amasa, 163, 166. Holt, Clara A., 267. Holt, Clara L., 267. Holt, Ellen M., 267. Holt, Ephraim, 164, 361. Holt, Flora C., 267. Holt, Fred T., 267, 379, 380. Holt, Henry E., 267. Holt, Henry M., 65, 179, 267. slits Holt, J. Winthrop, 267. Holt, Joab S., 52, 172, 232, 267, 353, 377: Holt, Jonas, 267. Holt, Marietta, 232, 267, 349. Holt, Masten, 360. Holt, Moses, 279. Homes, William T., 164. Horrawannonit, 8. Hosmer, Dennis, 179. Houghton, John R., 64, 179, 414. Houghton, Prudence, 224. Howard, Amos, 37. Howard, Anna, 107. Howard, Benjamin, 367. Howard, Jacob, 107, 375. Howard, Joseph, 339. Howard, Wesley, 205. Howe, Abby, 272. Howe, Abel, 37, 361. Howe, Abraham, 165, 361. Howe, Amasa, 172, 194, 272. Howe, Amasa A.. 64, 179, 414. PERSONS. Howe, Anna M., 273. Howe, Asa, 112, 361. Howe, Augustus F., 271. Howe, Augusta F., 373, 251. Howe, Barney, 374, 375: Howe, Charles N., 271. Howe, Church, 188, 207, 268, 354.378. Howe, Clara P., 270. Howe, Dorothy, 112, 272. Howe, Dora L., 273, 324. Howe, Edith G., 270. Howe, Eleazer, 356. Howe, Elener, 112. Howe, Elmira, 271. Howe, Francis A., 271. Howe, George, 272, 378, 379. Howe, Hannah, 112. Howe, Hervy N., 271. Howe, Hiram, 179. Howe, Israel, 360. Howe, Jefferson 202. Howe, Joel, 272. Howe, John W., 120, 121, 123, 272, 347. Howe, Jonathan, 361. Howe, Joseph, 166. Howe, Joseph L., 271: Howe, Jotham [1st], 270. Howe, Jotham [2d], 110, 111, 112, 166, 270, 272. Howe, Jotham [3d], 271. Howe, Levi H.. 247, 270, 271, 343: Howe, Lucretia, rr2. Howe, Lyman, 272. Howe, Mary C., 271. Ilowe, Nathan, 52, 383. Howe, Nancy J.. 336. Howe, Olive A., 270. Howe, Sally, 112, Howe, Sarah, 272. Howe, Silas, 270. Howe, Silas A., 271. & Austin, 164, 166, 128, 376, 267, 272 a]2, whe> ~/-- INDEX OF PERSONS. $35 Howe, Susan, 271. Howe, T. Walter, 138. Howe, Thomas [ist], 112, 123, 272, 374) 375: Howe, Thomas [2d], 272. Howe, William [1st], 52, 74. 121, 202, 204, 205, 262, 266, 272, 281, 328, 344, 376, 3775 378, 384. Howe, William [2d], 75, 86, 121, 129, 137, 139, 274, 17. Howe, Williamy J., 270, 419. Howe, Zora, 122. Howe & Jefferson, 204, 215, 266, 273, 282. Howe, & Myers, 207. Hubbard, Aaron, 337. Hubbard, Abel, 165. Hubbard, Alona, 123. Hubbard, Amos, 163, 165. Hubbard, Attai, 166, 267. Hubbard, Azubah, 279. Hubbard, Benjamin, 112, 271, 270. Hubbard, Betsey. 279. Hubbard, Calvin, 65, 180, 414. Hubbard, Caroline, 130, 223. Hubbard, Charles P., 261. Hubbard, Clarissa, 267, 268. Hubbard, Cryus K., 280. Hubbard, Daniel, 172. Hubbard, Dorinda D., 280. Hubbard, Eli [rst], 112, 279. Hubbard, Eli [2d], 349. Hubbard, Elisha, 109, 163, 166, 248, 278, 361, 365, 369, 370. Hubbard, Elisha M., 280. Hubbard, Emerson, 347. Hubbard, Eunice, 278. Hubbard, Eunice C., 280, 340, Hubbard, Harriet M., 280. Hubbard, John [1st], 357. Hubbard, John [2d], 111, 112, 115, 122, 279. Hubbard, John F., 180. Hubbard, Jonas [1st], 37, 223. Hubbard, Jonas [2d], 350, ou: Hubbard, Jonathan, 357. Hubbard, Joseph [rst], 6, 13, 23, 331 37, 89, 109, 132, 133, 134. 359, 361, 365, 366, 367, 368, 399. Hubbard, Joseph [2d], 37. Hubbard, Levi, 166. Hubbard, Louis F.. 194, 261, 349- Hubbard, Lois M., 139. Hubbard, Loring P., 261. Hubbard, Lucy, 121. Hubbard, Lydia, 112, Hubbard, Lyman A., 18o. Hubbard, Martena E., 280. Hubbard, Martin, 1So. Hubbard, Mercy, 34. 279, 280. Hubbard, Molly, 279. Hubbard, Myron E., 18o. Hubbard, Nancy, 325. Hubbard, Persis W., 270, 271. Hubbard, Peter, 164, 166, 172, _ 379, 361, 371 Hubbard, Polly, 112. Hubbard, Raymond D., 138. Hubbard, Samuel [ist], 33, 37, 89, 132, 133, 278, 359, 361, 365, 366, 367, 368, 399. Hubbard, Samuel [2d], 21, 162, 163, 165, 169, 36r. 379, 371, 386. Hubbard, Samuel [3d], 172. Hubbard, Samuel B., 1009, 110. Hubbard, Samuel D., 70, 377, 378. . Hubbard, Samuel W., ro, 248, 2795 374- ; Hubbard, Sarah, 243, 245, 250, 279. Hubbard, Sarah A., 280. Hubbard, Silas M., 52, 248, 278, 280. Hubbard, Simon [1st], 122. 109, 436 INDEX OF Hubbard, Simon [2d], 128. 377: / Hubbard, Stephen N., 180, 253, Hubbard, Mrs. Stephen N., 359. : Hubbard, Stillman, 110, 376. Hubbard, Tilly, 37. Hubbard, William, 172. Hubbard, Willard M., 118, 122, 123, 172. Hubbard, William M., 129, 3539 417- Hull, > 99- Humphrey, Edward P.. 137. Humphrey, Henry H.. 18o. Iiunt, Harding, 280. Hunt, Rebecca, 215. Hurbert, Mary, 256. Hutchinson, William, 256. Hyde, Beriah W., 172. Ireland, William, 249. Jackson, Charles G., 138. Jackson, Thomas, 356. Jefferson Manufacturing Com- pany, 205, 282, 291, 295. Jefferson,! John. 204, 273, 375- ; Jefferson, Martin V. B., 63, 87, 125, 195, 197, °202, 204, 273, 281, 377, 378, 379- Jefferson, Mary A., 121, 273, 328. Jennings, John, 119. Jerome, Edward, r10. Jerome, Irene E., 154. John, —, 8. Johnson Bros., 201. Johnson, Albert C., 129, 417. Johnson, Florence L., 139. Johnson, George C., 138. Johnson, George T., 64, 180, 414. PERSONS. Johnson, Helen C., 419. Johnson, Mattie C., 139. Jolls, Thomas, 165. Jones, Abel, 165. Jones, Catharine, 255. Jones, Nathaniel, 357. Jordan, Charlie E., 139° Jordan, William A., 188. Joyce, Thomas F., 124, 283, 386. Keep, John, 55, 250. Kelton, E. Frank, 139. Kelton, Ira J., 64, 180, 284, 415i Kendall, Abigal S., 336. Kendall, Caleb [rst], 208. Kendall, Caleb [2d], 172, 197. Kendall, Herbert I., 188. Kendall, James, 172. Kendig, Amos B., 191. Kennan, Elijah, 195. Kennan, Myron J., 180, 195. Kennan, Silas F., 180. Keys, Charles G., 137. Keyes, Ezra, 165. Keyes, Isaac, 166. Keyes, Israel, 166. Keyes, James, 358, 359. Keyes, Lyman E., 64, 180, 45. Kilburn, William W., 188. Kimball, Ormand D., 267. Kimball, Thomas, 163, 16s, 361. Kimball & Talbot, 207, King, 356 , : Kingsbury, Joseph, 36r. Kinney, George W., 82, 120, 123, 285. Kirby, Alfred J., 195. Klebert & Findersen, 206. Knapp, —, 201. Knapp, Fletcher, 357. Knowles, Thomas, 37. Knowlton, Caroline, 238. 'The name was earlier written Jepherson. INDEX OF PERSONS. 437 Knowlton, Charles, 174, 365. Knowlton, Charles H., r8o. Knowlton, Charles L., 52, 160, 199, 238, 365, 383, 384. Knowlton, Daniel, 43, 336, 373- Knowlton, Franklin A., 180. Knowlton, George, 172. Knowlton, Maria, 336. Knowlton & Allen, 199. Knox, Henry F., 180. Knox, Walter D., 181. Ladd, Alfred, 174. Ladd, George H., 188. Ladd, Henry C., 181. Ladd, Jonathan M.. 203, 377, 383. Lakin, Anson, 70. Lakin, George S., 325. Lakin, Marion E., 325. Lamb, Edward P., 188. Lamb, William A., 87, 107, 286. Lane, Benjamin H., 121, 188, 192, 286. Lane, David T., 230. Larned, Lizbeth M., 138. Lawrence, Henry, 169. Learned, Alonzo.K., 82, 137, 142, 143, 148, 158, 191, 287. Lecount, W. F., 127. Lee, Henry, 357. Lees, John, 47, 203. Lees & Eldrige, 203. Leland, Isaac [1st], 19. Leland, Isaac [2d], 340. Leonard, Isaac, 357. Leonard, Moses, 357, 358. Leonard, Thomas, 357. Leslie, Charles H., 189. Levally, Godfrey, 181. Lincoln, Albert A., 181. Lincoln, William, 51, 55. 57. Lindsay, Jacob, 16r. Livermore, Daniel, 357. Locke, Martha S., 260. Logan, John M., 181. Loring, George B., 158. Loring, Silas H., 189. Lovell, Alexander, 357. Lovell, Amos, 163, 166. Lovell, Asa, 163, 166, 361. Lovell, Bernice I., 139. ‘Lovell, John, 109, 110, 206, 374 375- Lovell, Jonathan, 6, 22, 132, 360, 361, 365, 366, 367, 399. Lovell, Lewis, 181, Lovell, Nathan, 165. Lovellville Manufacturing Co., 206. Lovellville Woolen Co., 206. Lovering, Joseph F., tgt. Lowell, Henry H., 181. Lowell, John W., 350. Lowell, Julia, 267. Lowell, Nehemiah G., 117. Lowell, Oliver, 267. Lowell, William J., 181. Lumazette, Frank, 65, 181, 415. MacArthur, Jessie, 257. McCabe, John M., 189. McCabe, Thomas F., 419. McCarty, —, 92. McCarthy, Edward, 189. McCloskey, James F., 124, 283, 287, 381. McConkey, John, 399. McDonald, Arthur, 125. McDonald, John A., 18r. McGann, John D., 124, 288. McGrath, James, 181. Mack, John, 163, 166. Mack, Sarah, 298. Mckay,———, 128. McLaughlin, James W., 129, 140, 288, 417. McLaughlin, Mary F., 138, 197. McLaughlin, Michael, 70, 123. McLaughlin, Patrick A., 197. 438 McMaster. William, 162. McMullen, John, 164, 166. McMullen, Thomas, 359. 399, 02. Mahana, John, 165. Mann & Marshall, 262. Mann, Billings, 262. Mann, Jason, 52, 172. Mann, Jemima W., 262. Mann, Susannah, 339. Manning, Abel, 129, 139, 225. 289, 417. Manning, Israel, 224, 225, 226, 289. Manning, John, 224. Manning, Nancy, 225. Manning, Pamelia, 225, 226. Manning, Polly, 225, 226, 290. Manning, Sophia, 224, 225, 226, Manning, William [1st], 224. Manning, William [2d], Mansfield, Jeremiah, 360. Marble, Albert P., 158. Marble, John, 358. Marsh, George A., 140. Marsh, Hannah, 340. Marshall, Abel, 289. 2 Marshall, Thomas [1st], 289. Marshall, Thomas [2d], 112, 115, TI16, 122, 226, 289, 224. 417. Marshall, Thomas M., 290. Marshall, Timothy, 166, 289. Marshall, William, 289, 361. Martin, Joseph, 181, Martin, Lewis, 7o. Mason, Nancy F., 340. Mason, Samuel, 116. Mason, Sarah, 112. Mason, Thankful, rr2. May, Henry, 172. May, John E., 181. Maynard, Ira B., 13. Maynard, John P., 172, 194, 202, 323. Mayo, John S., 181. INDEX OF PERSONS. Mead, Benjamin [1st], 134, 360, 368, 369. Mead, Benjamin [2d]. 166. Mead, Charles T., 350. Meads, Mary, 255. Mee, Hattie L., 305. Melsop, James, 189. Merriam, Horace, 189. Merriam, John, 358. Merrick, Edward, 200, 291. Merrick, Edward W., 74, 157: 195, 197, 200, 201, 379, 380, 381. Merrick, Ephraim 112. Merrick, Lula F., 138. Merrifield, Frank H., 182. Merrifield, Mary, 336. Merrill, D. K., 127. Merrill, John M., 127. Merrill, N. J., 127. Messenger & Wright, 206. Metcalf, Albert A., 74, 204, 350 379; 380. Metcalf, Eunice, 112, 322. Metcalf, Jabez, 164, 166. Metcalf, Jonathan, 161. Metcalf, William, 43, 52, 86, 116, 121, 122, 123, 274, 292, 3731 374: Metcalf, William C., 118, 122, 123, 136, 292, 294, 350, _ 377 379, 383- iles, » 238. Miles, Edwin J., 354. Miles, Richard, 162. Miller, Barnes, 358. Millet, Ebenezer, 361. Mills, Julia 8., 241. Minot, Stephen, 357. Mirick, Elisha, 162, 163, 166, 361, 370. Monroe, Susan A., 208. Moore, Angelia R., 270. Moore. Charles S., 182. Moore, Elliott, 349, 350 4 Moore, Mrs. Blvott, oe ane Moore, Franklin, 109, 182, 354. 110, INDEX OF PERSONS. 439 Moore, Fredric L., 110. Moore, Harlan P., 65, 140 182, 415. Moore, Harris W., 139, 140. Moore, James, 399. Moore, James S., 52, 121, 122, 123, 375. Moore, John B., 109. Moore, Jonathan [1st], 157. Moore, Jonathan [2d], 166. Moore, Jonathan [3d], 354, 380. Moore, Jonathan L., rqo. Moore, Lizzie E., 138. Moore, Marcus, 109, 189. Moore, Nathaniel, 357. Moore, Newell, 109, 110, 172, 260, 377. Moore, Thomas, 1&9. Moore, William [ist], 270, ’ 354: Moore, William [2d], 125. Moran, Thomas, 189. Morey, Angela M., 306. Morris, George, 306. Morrison, Loren L., 228. Morse, ———-, 204. Morse, Alfred, 200, 208, 291, 389. Morse, George M., 208. Morse, Horace B., 109, 140, 189. Morse, Joseph, 361. Morse, Milton S., 208. Morse, Sadie I., 138. Morse, Stillman F., 74, 75, 82, 123, 208, 266, 295, 380, 354. Morse, Timothy, 163, 166. Moses, Samuel A., 182. Moss Brook Mill, 207. Moulton, Horace, 127. Moulton, Maud A., 139. Mulcahy, Grace F., 138. Munger, ———, 128. Murphy, James, 189. Murphy, John, 21, 162. Murphy, John R., 129, r4o, Ape Murphy, Michael, 182. Muzzy, W., 195. Nado, Michael, 189. Neff, Ebenezer, 226. Newell, Aaron, 37, 361. Newell, Bertram S., 138. Newell, George W., 64, 182, 415. Newell, Hastings, 7o. Newell, Hiram P., 182, 191. Newell, Mary, 390. Newell, Phineas R., 123, 174, 182, 191, 343, 349- Newell, Mrs. P. R., 349. Newell, Sarah, 339. Newell, Susan F., 390. Newton, + 357. 360. Newton, Aaron, 361. Newton, Abraham, 6, 399. Newton, Calvin, r1g. Newton, Dana, 128. Newton, Lemuel D., 201, 228, 336, 419. Newton, Mary D., 228. Newton, Nahum, 189. Newton, Thomas, 358. Newton, Windsor, 121. Nichols & Bryant, 200. Nichols, David, 165. Nichols, Jonathan, 166. Nichols, William, 6, S89, 109, 300, 359, 360, 361, 365. 366, 369, 399, 402. Nichols, William H., 182. Northrop, B. G., 344. Noyes, Charles J., 353. Noyes, Peter, 361. Nutten, Peter, 20. Oben, John, 164, 166, 361. O’Brien, John, 207. O’Brien, William, 182. O’Kane, Michael A., 126., O’Reilly, Patrick T., 123, 127. 440 INDEX OF PERSONS. Ormsby, Marcus, 172. Osborn, Araminta, 340. Osborn, Elizabeth, 340. Oulton, John, 356. Packard, Sadie I., 138. Paddock, Charles F., 182. Paddock, John D., 189. Paddock, Reubin, 37. Padelford, John W., 189. Page, Jonathan, 169. Paine, 3 357% Paine, Arthur R., 140, 298, 300. Paine, Charles P., 248, 299. Paine, Elijah, 103, Paine, Horatio W., 303, Paine, Laura M., 298, 300. Paine, Mary, J., 303. Paine, Sarah C., 298, 299, 342- Paine, Sarah L., 298, 299. Paine, Seth H., 182. Paine, William, 358. Paine, William F., 298, 299. Paine, William P., 45, 47, 52, 555 57> 61, 63, 69, 71, 72, 86, 102, 109,- 118, 136, 172, 261, 296, 339, 342, 353, 388, 391, 392, 411, 412, 413, 415. Palmer, Jennett, S., 306. Palmer, Thomas, 356. Panton, Maxie, 182. Parker, Aaron [1st], 300, 303. Parker, Aaron [2d], 302. Parker, Alfred, 305. Parker, Alice L., 139, 308. Parker, Amelia, 305. Parker, Amos [Ist], 300. Parker, Amos [2d], Parker, Arthur H., 305. Parker, Charles E., 1, 74, 142, 153+ 154, 304, 305, 306, 3541 379, 380, 381, 382. Parker, Charles F., 199. Parker, Charles H., 140, 308. Parker, David F., 110, 303. Parker, Ebenezer R., 70- Parker, Edward, 182, 3°5- Parker, Edwin S., 183. Parker, Elizabeth [1st], 303- Parker, Elizabeth [2d], 305. 306. Parker, Emeline M., 305. Parker, Florence, 308. Parker, Frank C., 74, 308, 354. Parker, Freeman, 306. Parker, George S., 303. _ Parker, Gilbert, 306. Parker, Gilman, 306. Parker, Hannaniah, 300. Parker, Henry [1st], 302. Parker, Henry [2d], 128, 303, "306. Parker, Henry B., 305, 306. Parker, J. Raymond, 302. Parker, Jennie M., 308. Parker, John, 301. Parker, Jonas, 300, 301. Parker, Jonathan, 301. Parker,-Mary, 303. Parker, Matilda, 306. Parker, Naomi, 303. Parker, Nathaniel, 301. Parker, Ruth, 303. Parker, Samuel P., 308. Parker, Theodore, 305. Parker, Thomas, 300, 301, 306. Parker, Timothy [rst], 301. Parker, Timothy [2d], 301, 302, 419. Parker, Timothy [3d], 11, 128, 173, 393> 333> 377- Parker, Warren C., 189. Parker, William, 183. Parker, William W., 108. Parkman, Samuel, 303. Parmenter, Catherine, 210. Parmenter, Cyrus T., 189. Parmenter, David, 206. Parmenter, David F., 174 : Parmenter, Henry H., a Parmenter, Joshua R., 190. Parmenter, Lydia [1st], rr2. INDEX OF PERSONS. 44t Parmenter, Lydia [2d], 112. Parmenter, Rodney A., 183. Parmenter, Solomon, 112, 166. Parmenter, William A., 190. Partridge, Daniel W., 190. Partridge, Jesse, 164, 166. Partridge, Peter, 165. Partridge, Warren, 337. Paul, , IIl. Paul, Charles, 169, 183. . Peacock, James, Igo. Peck, Georgia A., 76, 158. Pendleton, Charles H., 192. Penniman, Abigail, 160, 236. Perry, Aaron, 112. Perry, Abner, 372, 373, 374. Perry, Cyrus, 109, 309 Perry, Cyrus M., rio, 129, 140, 183, 309, 417. Perry, Daniel, 165, 36r. Perry, David, 163, 166. Perry, John [1st], 111, 165, 167, 361, 369. Perry, John [2d], 210. Perry, Lizzie, 210. Perry, Matilda, 305, 306. Perry, Moses, 305. Perry, Nancy, 109, 137. Perry, Sara F., 138. Perry, Tabitha, 112. Perry, William C., 64, 183, 415. Peter, Simon, 165. Petts, Lyman G., 195. Petts, L. G. & Co., 200. Phelps, Cyrus P., 349. Phelps, Ellen, 140, 349. Phillips, Charles W., 140, 381, 382. Phillips, Henry L., 140. Pierce, Hannah, 340. Pierce, Oliver, 183. Pierce, Samuel, 6, S9, 109, 360, 361, 364, 366, 367, » 3993 402: Pierce, Susannah, 235. Pile, William N., 128. Pinkerton, Alfred S., 84, 85. Piper, Alfred, 183. Plimpton, John, 237. Pole, 406. Pollard, Andrew, 55, 119, 121. 308. Potter, David, 30, 163, 165. Potter, James, 30, 165. Potter, John, 163, 166, 339. Pounding, Daniel, 357. Power, John J., 126, 127. Powers, William J., 138. Pratt, Edwin F., 183. Pratt, Sarah, 112. Preble, Thomas M., 128. Prendergast, James, 125. Prendergast, James M., 124, 140, 417. Prendergast, William J.. 74. 197, 379, 380. Prentice, , 98. Prentice, Thomas, 357. Preston, Samuel, 183. Putnam, A. A., 353. Putnam, Addison N., 273. Putnam, Archelaus, 123, 336, Putnam, Austin, 1go. Putnam, James F., 200. Putnam, Laura, 336. Putnam, Le Baron, 52, 208, 376. Putnam, Mary E., 139. Putnam, Salmon, 340. Putnam, Simon, 127. Putnam, Sophia, 200. Putnam, Willard K., 183. Quiquonassett, 8. Rand, Wilbur, 108, 309. Raymond, Amos, 163, 166. Raymond, Asenath, 302. Raymond, Emma C., 228. Raymond, James, 173. Raymond, Lucy, 272, 320. Raymond, Lydia, 279. Raymond, Paul, 33, 134, 162. 163, 166, 169, 368, 369. 442 INDEX OF Raymond, William, 163, 165. 361. Read, Anna, 267. Redding, oe Redican, John F., 126 Reed, John 173, 199. Rice, 3 99. Rice, Caleb, 356. Rice, Elijah [1st], 360. Rice, Elijah [2d], 164. 361. Rice, Elisha, 357. Rice, Ephraim [1st], 357- Rice, Ephraim [2d], 357. Rice, Ezra, 165. Rice, Gershom, 356. Rice, Henry, 21, 162. Rice, James, 357, 395- Rice, Jonas, 11, 356. Rice, Jonathan ‘Trst], BR aks 134, 367, 308, 369. Rice, Jonathan [2d], 52. 166. Rice, Joshua, 357. Rice, Josiah, 357. Rice, Jotham, 161. Rice, Mary E., 280. Rice, Peter, 55, 109. Rice, Thomas, 357. Rich, A. J., 191. Richardson, Edward, 202, 324. Richardson, Heman, 203, 324. 166, 163, BUD, Richardson, Isaac C., 350, _ 354: Richardson, John, 128, 336, 3755 379, 383. Richardson, Lydia, 225. Richardson, Merrill, 63, 106, T29, 137, 139, 3410. 353; 417: Rider, Eleazer & Sons, 203, 409. Riley, Michael, 64, 183, 415. Ripley, George, 357. Rivers, Edward, 125, 183. Rivers, Peter, 183. 47; PERSONS. Robbins, Sylvester C., £10, 1735 337s Robinson, Albert B., 183, 311, 337- Robinson, Benjamin F.. 136. Robinson, Jeremiah, 166. Robinson, Thomas, 184. Roel, Sylvanus B., 137. 312. Rogers, Aaron H., 128. Rogers, Emory, a4. (4.2, DAF, 160, 184, TOT. 343, 349s 380. Rogers, Mrs. Emory, 349. Rogers, George F., 364. Rogers, Hannah, 339. Rogers, Henry M.. 107, 191, 380, 381. Rogers, J. Warren, 377, 375. Rogers, M. Helen, 138. Rogers, Winslow B., 65, 184, 415. Rood, James T., 136, 190, 313, 337, 379: Ross, Emma R., 351. Ross, Isaac, 313. Ross, Isaac N., 140, 313, 353. Roper, George B., 349. Rounds, John 120, a4 Row, Samuel, 163, 165 Rudman, John, 203. Rugg, Joseph, 360. Russell, John E., 353. Salter, Enos, 357. Sample, Agnes, 138. Sampson, A. P., 2or. Santon, Oliver, 184. Sargent, Daniel, 166. Sargent, Digory, 357. Sargent, Ephraim H., 184. Sargent, Frank D., 108. Sargent, Polly, rr2. Sault, Julius, rgo. Savage, George E., 154. Savage, Hannah F., 292, 294. Savage, John B., 64, 184, 415. Savage, Sarah S 336. INDEX OF PERSONS. sawyer, Alfred, 376, 378. Sawyer, .Alphonso B., 154. Sawyer, John G., 1go. Scanlan, Peter & Co., 204. _ Schofield, John E., 190, 191. Seaver, George H., 184. Seaver, Moses N., 336. Seaver, Roswell R., 184. Shaw, Harriet, 214. Shedd, — , 128. Shepard, Daniel, 112. Shepard, Nabby, 112. Sheppard, Nathaniel, 164, 166, 361. Short, John, 184. Shute, Frank, 160. Shute, James M., 160. Simpson, Chloe, 257. Skiff, Austin E., 190. Skinner, Aaron G., 173, 337. Slater, John, 203. Slocum, Abigail, 262. Smith, A. F., 206. Smith, Albert D., 337. Smith, Amasa, 115, 116. Smith, Andrew, 28, 162, 361, 368. Smith, Angelina, 336. Smith, Artemus C., 184. Smith, Asa 165. Smith, David [1st], 163, 166, V3, 3995 371 Smith, David [2d], 185. Smith, Edna E., 229. Smith, Ephraim, 163, 361. Smith, G. J., 208. Smith, George A., 185. Smith, Herbert J., 185. Smith, Isaac, 162, 368. Smith, James, 6, 359, 399. Smith, Joab, 166. Smith, John [1st], 356. Smith, John [2d], 337. Smith, John F., 374. Smith, John M., 173, 337. Smith, Levi [1st], 128. 166, I43 Smith, Levi [2d], 128. Smith, Moses [rst], 33. Si, 369. Smith, Moses, [2d], 128. Smith, Ruth, 302, 303. Smith, Sarah, 339. Smith, Thorret, 185, 336. Smith, Willis, 375, 376, 383. Snow, Aventon, 166. Snow, Seth, 163, 166, 361. Snow, Simeon, rro. Solomon, 8. Southgate, B. T., 205. Spaulding, J. Calvin, ILO, 190, 380. Spencer, Dwight, 120, Sprague, Augustus B. R., 87, 158, 192. Sprague, Frank M., 191. Sprague, Homer B., 69, 389. Spring, John P., 125. Sprout, Isaiah, 162. Stearns, 5 BSG Stearns, Bartholomew, 164, 166. Stearns, Ezra J., 185. Stearns, G. Henry, 196, 108. Stearns, Homer D., 123. Stearns, Increase [1st], 165. 361. Stearns, Increase [2d] 165. Steele, Charles H., 155. Steele, George W’., 185. Stevens, Charles E., 51, 136. Stevens, Cyprian, 6, 22, 89, 132, 133, 169, 359, 360, 364, 366, 395, 399, 402. Stevens, Thomas, 165. Stickney, Clifford W., 136, 142, 318, 337, 381, 382. Stickney, Moses, 360. Stickney, Simon, 164, 166. Stickney, Zillai, 163, 165. Stimson, Henry A., 158. Stone, Alice E., 138, 305. Stowell Frederic M., rro, 207. 380. 109, me Stowell & Ward, 207, 389. | Stratton, Josiah, 163, 361, 369, 370, 382. Stratton, Samuel S., 50, 173, 347: Streeter, Edwin [1., 190, 199. Strong, Luther W., 190. Sumner, Os Swaim, Samuel B., 119. Symonds, John, 163, 166. Taft, Henry, 163, 166, 361, 37°: Talbot, Gertrude E., 138. Taylor, Isaac, 358. Tenney, Olive, 313. Thayer, John R., 87. Thomas, Isabella A., 308. Thompson, C. O., 353. Thompson, Edward P., 381. Thompson, Hugh, 360. Thompson, Isaac, 162. Thompson, James, 13, 396. Thompson, Phineas, 166. Thompson, Samuel, 21, 33, 162, 163, 166, 341, 360, 365, 366, 367, 369, 402. Thompson, William, 1go. Thurston, Cornelia M., 137. Thurston, George T., 65, 185, 415. Thurston, Lyman F., 185. Tilton, Josiah H., 86, rrg, 120, 319. Ting, »357: | Tingley, Timothy C., 119,122, | 319, 342. Titus, Joseph A., 191. Tolman, Franklin H., 186. Tracy, Leonard, 118. Train, Charles, 117. Train, Robert, 162. Train, Samuel, 360. Travis, Charles, T., 74. | Truchon, Charles L., 190, 203. Truesdell, Elnathan, 354. | Truesdell, Horace L.. 65, 185, 415. INDEX OF PERSONS. Truesdell, Lucius, 155. Truesdell, Waldo B., 139. Tucker, Alfred S., 65, 415. Turner, A. H. & Co., 206. Turner, Bezaleel, 166. Turner, Charles, 128, 155, 33s Turner, Charles F., 190. Turner, George, H., 185, 349. Turner, Samuel, 267. 272, 336. Turner, Stella, 267. Tuttle, Fred H., 190. Tuttle, William G., 108, 148. Underwood, Calvin, 195. Usher, Bridget, 357. Verry, Herbert W., 110, 191, 347: Vinnedge, Nannie, 305. Wadsworth, John, 141. Wadsworth, Paul & Son, Waldo, Cornelius, 356. Waldo, Jonathan, 357. Walker & Wright, 206. Walker, Adoniram J., 22%. Walker. Amasa, 353. Walker, Mrs. D., 342. Walker, Eli, 320. Walker, Eunice M., 322. Walker, Hervey D., 129, Walker, Hezekiah, 112, 272, 320, 361. Walker, Joel, 122, 123, 199. 323, 166, 320, 375- Walker, John [rst], 103, 116, II7, 119, 129, 275, 320, 417. Walker, John [2d], 322. Walker, Joseph H., 83. Walker, Lucy [1st], 112, 279, 20. Walker, Lucy [2d], 339. Walker, Lydia, 320. 115, 136, INDEX OF PERSONS. Walker, Persis, 112, 320. Walker, Polly, 112, 279, 320. Walker, Rachel, 112. Walker, Sally [1st], 320. Walker, Sally [2d], 272, Walker, Silas, 112, 121, 320. Walker, Sylvia J., 322 Walker, Tabitha, 320. Walker, William H., 68, 199, 206, 349, 350) 3541 377: Walker, Mrs. W. H., 349. Walker, William R., 320. Walker, William S., 129, 322. Walsh, Robert, 124, 287. Ward, ———, 356, Ward, Austin W., 378, 389. Ward, Obadiah, 358. : Ware, Alonzo K., 109, I10. Warren, A. Kirke, 326. Warren, .Ann E., 324. 331. 25, Warren, Berthier, 202, 324, 326, 327. Warren, B. & H. W., & Co., 202, 324,320. Warren, Blanche L., 325. Warren, Ebenezer, Warren, George W., 326. Warren, Harry L., 327. Warren, Helen G., 328. Warren, Henry W., 74, 140, 142, 158, 202, 273, 324, 325, 326, 327, 343, 365, _ 379,384. Warren, Herbert L., 140, 326. Warren, J. Henry, 200, 291. Warren, John, 322. Warren, Jonah, 322. Warren, Jonah G., 323. Warren, Jonas, 121, ons Warren, Jonathan, 322 Warren, Joseph, 322. Warren, Marion E., 348, 381, 82. Waren, Mary S., 327. Warren, Samuel [1st], 322. Warren, Samuel [2d], 123, 202, 323. 22 123. ’ 145 Warren, Susan E., 324. Warren, Water fins G., [1st]. 202, 322, 325. 326, 327, 331 336, Warren Waterman G., [2d]. 328. Warren, William FI., 328. Warren, W. G., & Sons, 202, 3245 325, 326. Warren’s Sons, W. G., 203, 324, 326, 328. Waters, George, 117, 122, 173, 320. Waters, Huldah P., 252. Waters, Mary A., 252. Waters, Willard, 252. Watson, John, 202, 324, 375. Watson, Woodman H., 119, 330. Webb, Constant, 166. Webb, George, 30, 37. 39, 135, 165, 330, 370, 407. Weeks, Albert W., 129. 417. Welch, John M., 194. West, Joseph T. O., 337. West Boylston Manufacturing Co., 206. Weston, Laura 5., 292. - Wheeler, Aaron, 34, 164, 166. Wheeler, Abraham, 129, 139, ITY Wheeler, Asa, 173, 372- Wheeler, Eunice C., 280, 340. Wheeler, Jonathan, 25, 164, 166, 361, 367, 368. Wheeler, Joseph H., 200, 201. Wheeler, Moses, 29, 162, 163, 665, 337, 301, 407. Wheeler, Nathan, 164, 165. Wheeler, Sally, 223. Wheeler, Thomas [1st], 357. Wheeler, Thomas [2d], 165. Wheelock, Martha, 224. Wheelock, Ralph, 224. White, Aaron [1st], 302. White, Aaron [2d], 135. 246. 302. White, Mrs. Aaron, 220s 146 White, Abigail H., 340. White, Alonzo A., 192. White, Barney L., 347. White, Eunice A., 200. White, Farnum, 50, 203, 374. White, Margaret, 302. White, Mary .A., 246. White, Morris E., 103. White, Stephen, 361. Whiting, William C., 192. Whitney, A. A., 195. Whitney, Isaac, 162. Whitney, Jonas L., 191. Whittemore, Hezekiah P., 191. Willard, F. Augustus, 117. Willard, Margery, 255. Willard Simon, 253. Williams, Count De Leon, 185. Williams, Cynthia B., 331. Williams, John, 165. Williams, Lester [1st], 331. Williams, Lester [2d], 63, 120, 121, 324, 331, 353. Williams, Waterman L., 140. Willington, John, 163, 166. Willson, Francis, 163, 166, 361, 369, 370. Wilson, Ebenezer, 340. Winch, , Mrs., 388. Winch, David, 163, 166, 360. Winch. Francis, 166. Winch, James, 52, 375. Winch, John, 164, 166, 361. Winch, John W., 186. Winch, Moses, 129, 134. 417. 138, INDEN OF PERSONS. Winch, Sally, 259. Wing, ———, 356. Winn, Cyrus D., 185. Winn, James W., 186. Winn, Moses, 336, 390. Winn, Peter S., 194. Winslow, Samuel, 158. Winthrop. Adam, 9, 12, 356, 401. Witt, Edward F., 195. Wood, Benjamin, 346. Wood, Cyrus G., 198, 206, 207, 266. Wood, J. Frank, 74. Wood & Ward, 207. Woodbury, John, 121, 123. Woodbury, Robert, 191. Woods, Leonard, 99. Woodward, Harriet, 257. Woodward, John, 21, 162. Woolley, Joseph,’ 6, 360, 399. Woonaskochu, 8. Worthington, Albert, 303. Wright, Abel, 225. Wright, Frank, 186. Wright, George, 195. Wright, James H., 206, 375. Wright, Judah [1st], 164, 166, 361. Wright, Judah [2d], 52. 333. Wright, Luther, 208. Wright, Maria, 313. Wright & Morse, 205. Wyman, Charles P., 137. Young, John, 133. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS. Read, page 109, line 13, 1870, for 1842. Add, page 139,— Crass or 1892. Martin Joseph Hennessey, Helen Clara Johnson, Williamy Josephine Howe, Thomas Francis McCabe. Read, page 161, line 24, 1757, for 1857. Add, page 192, line 8,—1893, Rev. Thomas E. Babb. Read, page 201, line 29, and page 336, line 8, Lemuel for Lorenzo. Add, page 261, at close of sketch,—Charles Flagg died Sep- tember 2d, 1893. Add, page 293, at close of sketch,—William C. Metcalf died January 6th, 1894. Add, page 302, line 6,—-He led the Sturbridge Company, of Col. Warner’s Regiment, at the Lexington Alarm. Read, 308, line 11, invidious for insidious. T; F432 = 7S oe: Lea ieiot Ces tI y fa otis tates Sree ioe ‘ ae Soret Ps = E asehate Pte set : i ries niet te, beh ie i in sl rd sae dati Sant ) esters ind BAe esti Saul a ena Pe bee be wt te oe ee oe ee ee ae rere cearecce re